The Duke of Edinburgh's Award: A "Simply Brilliant" Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lico, Abner

2008-01-01

While speaking to Gold Award Achievers in Toronto in 2002, Tony Comper, past President and Chief Executive Officer of the BMO Financial Group, referred to the Duke of Edinburgh's (DofE) Award as a program "so brilliantly simple, it's simply brilliant." This ironic statement has echoed in the Ontario division of the DofE Award ever since.…

Do Individuals with High-Functioning Autism Who Speak a Tone Language Show Intonation Deficits?

PubMed

Chan, Kary K L; To, Carol K S

2016-05-01

This study investigated whether intonation deficits were observed in 19 Cantonese-speaking adults with high-functioning autism (HFA) when compared to 19 matched neurotypical (NT) controls. This study also investigated the use of sentence-final particles (SFPs) and their relationship with intonation in both groups. Standard deviations (SDs) of the fundamental frequency (F0), the total number and the type of SFPs were calculated based on narrative samples. The HFA group demonstrated significantly higher SD of F0 and a positive correlation between the type of SFPs and SD of F0. Both groups produced a similar total number and type of SFPs. The results supported the universality of atypical intonation in ASD. The relationship between intonation and SFPs could be further explored by focusing on sentences containing SFPs.

Novel Probiotic Therapies for Autism

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-01

1 AD_________________ Award Number: W81XWH-11-1-0515 TITLE: Novel Probiotic Therapies for Autism PRINCIPAL...August 2012 – 21 August 2013 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Novel Probiotic Therapies for Autism 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-11-0515...suggest a gut-microbiome-brain connection in autism, and identify a potential probiotic therapy for ASD. We have now developed assays for some of

Women in Aerospace Awards

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-10-26

NASA Headquarters Program Planning Specialist Beth Beck speaks after being given the Women in Aerospace's Aerospace Awareness Award at the organization's annual awards ceremony and banquet held at the Ritz-Carlton Hotel in Arlington, VA on Tuesday, Oct. 26, 2010. Four current NASA leaders and one retiree were recognized for their work by Women in Aerospace. The event celebrates women's professional excellence in aerospace and honors women who have made outstanding contributions to the aerospace community. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Autism and Folate Deficiency

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-05-01

social interaction that remains to be characterized more fully. Conclusion Ablation of genes in the folate pathway may result in abnormal adult...W81XWH-09-1-0246 TITLE: Autism and Folate Deficiency PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Richard H. Finnell, Ph.D...5a. CONTRACT NUMBER W81XWH-09-1-0246 Autism and Folate Deficiency 5b. GRANT NUMBER AR080064-Concept Award 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER

Pitch Perception in Tone Language-Speaking Adults With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorders

PubMed Central

Cheng, Stella T. T.; Lam, Gary Y. H.

2017-01-01

Enhanced low-level pitch perception has been universally reported in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This study examined whether tone language speakers with ASD exhibit this advantage. The pitch perception skill of 20 Cantonese-speaking adults with ASD was compared with that of 20 neurotypical individuals. Participants discriminated pairs of real syllable, pseudo-syllable (syllables that do not conform the phonotactic rules or are accidental gaps), and non-speech (syllables with attenuated high-frequency segmental content) stimuli contrasting pitch levels. The results revealed significantly higher discrimination ability in both groups for the non-speech stimuli than for the pseudo-syllables with one semitone difference. No significant group differences were noted. Different from previous findings, post hoc analysis found that enhanced pitch perception was observed in a subgroup of participants with ASD showing no history of delayed speech onset. The tone language experience may have modulated the pitch processing mechanism in the speakers in both ASD and non-ASD groups. PMID:28616150

White Matter Glial Pathology in Autism

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-11-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-12-1-0302 TITLE: White Matter Glial Pathology in Autism PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Gregory A. Ordway, Ph.D. CONTRACTING...Pathology in Autism 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-12-1-0302 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) Gregory A. Ordway, Ph.D...Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT Methods used to directly study the autism brain include brain

The Carolina Autism Transition Study (CATS)

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-07-20

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-15-1-0093 TITLE: The Carolina Autism Transition Study (CATS) PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Laura Carpenter, MD RECIPIENT...Carolina Autism Transition Study (CATS) 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-15-1-0093 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) . 5d. PROJECT NUMBER Laura...report provides a description of the Year 1 progress made and plans for Year 2 for the project entitled “The Carolina Autism Transition Study (CATS

The Carolina Autism Transition Study (CATS)

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-07-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-15-1-0093 TITLE: The Carolina Autism Transition Study (CATS) PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Laura Carpenter, MD RECIPIENT...Carolina Autism Transition Study (CATS) 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-15-1-0093 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER Laura Carpenter...provides a description of the Year 2 progress made and plans for Year 3 for the project entitled “The Carolina Autism Transition Study (CATS).” The goal of

White Matter Glia Pathology in Autism

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-01

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21078227 5 . Sundaram SK, Kumar A, Makki MI, Behen ME, Chugani HT , Chugani DC. Diffusion tensor imaging of frontal lobe in autism ...AD_________________ Award Number: W81XWH-12-1-0302 TITLE: White matter glia pathology in autism PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR...COVERED 01 September 2012 – 31 August 2013 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE White matter glia pathology in autism 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER W81XWH-12-1-0302 5b

Role of sentence-final particles and prosody in irony comprehension in Cantonese-speaking children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorders.

PubMed

Li, Jackie P W; Law, Thomas; Lam, Gary Y H; To, Carol K S

2013-01-01

English-speaking children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are less capable of using prosodic cues such as intonation for irony comprehension. Prosodic cues, in particular intonation, in Cantonese are relatively restricted while sentence-final particles (SFPs) may be used for this pragmatic function. This study investigated the use of prosodic cues and SFPs in irony comprehension in Cantonese-speaking children with and without ASD. Thirteen children with ASD (8;3-12;9) were language-matched with 13 typically developing (TD) peers. By manipulating prosodic cues and SFPs, 16 stories with an ironic remark were constructed. Participants had to judge the speaker's belief and intention. Both groups performed similarly well in judging the speaker's belief. For the speaker's intention, the TD group relied more on SFPs. The ASD group performed significantly poorer and did not rely on either cue. SFPs may play a salient role in Cantonese irony comprehension. The differences between the two groups were discussed by considering the literature on theory of mind.

Neural Correlates of the Y Chromosome in Autism: XYY Syndrome as a Genetic Model

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-15-1-0355 TITLE: Neural Correlates of the Y Chromosome in Autism: XYY Syndrome as a Genetic Model PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR...14 Aug 2016 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 15T 15T Neural Correlates of the Y Chromosome in Autism: XYY Syndrome as a Genetic Model 5b...this award. 15T 5. SUBJECT TERMS Autism spectrum disorder, ASD; 47,XYY syndrome (XYY); neuroimaging; MRI; MEG; Comorbid behaviors 15T 6. SECURITY

How Autism Affects Speech Understanding in Multitalker Environments

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-01

Page 1 AD_________________ Award Number: W81XWH-12-1-0363 TITLE: How Autism Affects Speech Understanding in Multitalker Environments PRINCIPAL...COVERED 30 Sep 2012 - 29 Sep 2015 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER How Autism Affects Speech Understanding in Multitalker 5b. GRANT NUMBER...that adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders have particular difficulty recognizing speech in acoustically-hostile environments (e.g., Alcantara et al

Maternal Brain-Reactive Antibodies and Autism Spectrum Disorder

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-10-01

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) occurs in 1 in 68 births, preferentially affecting males. It encompasses a group of neurodevelopmental ...AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-14-1-0369 TITLE: Maternal Brain-Reactive Antibodies and Autism Spectrum Disorder PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Betty Diamond...Sep 2015 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Maternal Brain-Reactive Antibodies and Autism Spectrum 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Disorder 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-14-1

Risk Factors, Comorbid Conditions, and Epidemiology of Autism in Children

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-10-01

Autism in Children PRINCIPAL...ANNUAL 3. DATES COVERED 1 Oct 2012- 30 Sep 2013 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Risk Factors, Comorbid Conditions, and Epidemiology of Autism in Children 5a...This award funds the project entitled “Risk Factors, Comorbid Conditions, and Epidemiology of Autism in Children .” The research team of

Perception of Melodic Contour and Intonation in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence From Mandarin Speakers.

PubMed

Jiang, Jun; Liu, Fang; Wan, Xuan; Jiang, Cunmei

2015-07-01

Tone language experience benefits pitch processing in music and speech for typically developing individuals. No known studies have examined pitch processing in individuals with autism who speak a tone language. This study investigated discrimination and identification of melodic contour and speech intonation in a group of Mandarin-speaking individuals with high-functioning autism. Individuals with autism showed superior melodic contour identification but comparable contour discrimination relative to controls. In contrast, these individuals performed worse than controls on both discrimination and identification of speech intonation. These findings provide the first evidence for differential pitch processing in music and speech in tone language speakers with autism, suggesting that tone language experience may not compensate for speech intonation perception deficits in individuals with autism.

Association of Rigid-Compulsive Behavior with Functional Constipation in Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marler, Sarah; Ferguson, Bradley J.; Lee, Evon Batey; Peters, Brittany; Williams, Kent C.; McDonnell, Erin; Macklin, Eric A.; Levitt, Pat; Margolis, Kara Gross; Beversdorf, David Q.; Veenstra-VanderWeele, Jeremy

2017-01-01

Based upon checklist data from the Autism Speaks Autism Treatment Network, we hypothesized that functional constipation (FC) would be associated with rigid-compulsive behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We used the Questionnaire on Pediatric Gastrointestinal Symptoms-Rome III to assess FC symptoms in 108 children with ASD. As…

Interpretation of Logical Words in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Uncovering Knowledge of Semantics and Pragmatics.

PubMed

Su, Yi Esther; Su, Lin-Yan

2015-07-01

This study investigated the interpretation of the logical words 'some' and 'every…or…' in 4-15-year-old high-functioning Mandarin-speaking children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Children with ASD performed similarly to typical controls in demonstrating semantic knowledge of simple sentences with 'some', and they had delayed knowledge of the complex sentences with 'every…or…'. Interestingly, the children with ASD had pragmatic knowledge of the scalar implicatures of these logical words, parallel to those of the typical controls. Taken together, the interpretation of logical words may be a relative strength in children with ASD. It is possible that some aspects of semantics and pragmatics may be selectively spared in ASD, due to the contribution the language faculty makes to language acquisition in the ASD population.

Disruption of Trophic Inhibitory Signaling in Autism Sepctrum Disorders

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-12-01

1 AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-14-1-0433 TITLE: Disruption of Trophic Inhibitory Signaling in Autism Sepctrum Disorders PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Anis...SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Disruption of Trophic Inhibitory Signaling in Autism Sepctrum Disorders 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-14-1-0433 5c. PROGRAM...bumetanide to mice rescues synaptic and circuit dysfunction in Fragile X mice. 15. SUBJECT TERMS Autism Spectrum Disorders, Fragile X Syndrome Angelman

Worden Ambassador of Exploration Award

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-07-29

Apollo astronaut Al Worden speaks during a ceremony, Thursday, July 30, 2009, where he was honored with the presentation of the an Ambassador of Exploration Award for his contributions to the U.S. space program at Kennedy Space Center, Fla. Worden served as command module pilot for the Apollo 15 mission. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Redox Abnormalities as a Vulnerability Phenotype for Autism and Related Alternations in CNS Development

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-10-01

2004. MECP2 structural and 3’-UTR variants in schizophrenia , autism and other psychiatric diseases: a possible association with autism. Am J Med...inhibition, thus potentially enabling enhancement of remyelination. Role: PI Award letter dated 12/11/06 Noble (PI) Cure Autism Now Foundation 02/05

Brain Mechanisms of Affective Language Comprehension in Autism Spectrum Disorders

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-10-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-14-1-0457 TITLE: Brain Mechanisms of Affective Language Comprehension in Autism Spectrum Disorders PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR...TITLE AND SUBTITLE Brain Mechanisms of Affective Language Comprehension in Autism Spectrum Disorders 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-14...Unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT Profound deficits in the domain of social communication are a hallmark of autism spectrum disorders (ASD

Mechanisms of Synaptic Alterations in a Neuroinflammation Model of Autism

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-10-01

All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disor- der (ASD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are likely caused by...1 Award Number: W81XWH-13-1-0440 TITLE: Mechanisms of Synaptic Alterations in a Neuroinflammation Model of Autism PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Anna...To) 30Sep2014 - 29Sep2015 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Mechanisms of Synaptic Alterations in a Neuroinflammation Model of Autism 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER

Implicit Learning Abilities Predict Treatment Response in Autism Spectrum Disorders

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-09-01

2 AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-14-1-0261 TITLE: Implicit Learning Abilities Predict Treatment Response in Autism Spectrum Disorders PRINCIPAL...Treatment Response in Autism Spectrum Disorders 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-14-1-0261 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER...for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but almost half of the children do not make significant gains. Implicit learning skills are integral to

Autism and Obesity: Co-Occurring Conditions or Drug Side Effects

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-10-01

Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain ASD: Autism Spectrum Disorder BMI: Body Mass Index SSC: Simons Simplex Collection SNP: Single Nucleotide Polymorphism...AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-14-1-0374 TITLE: Autism and Obesity: Co-Occurring Conditions or Drug Side Effects? PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Zohreh...SUBTITLE Autism and Obesity: Co-Occurring Conditions or Drug Side Effects? 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-14-1-0374 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT

Neural Correlates of the Y Chromosome in Autism: XYY Syndrome as a Genetic Model

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-15-1-0354 TITLE: “Neural Correlates of the Y Chromosome in Autism: XYY Syndrome as a Genetic Model” PRINCIPAL...track and completion is anticipated in the remaining 12 months of this award. 15T 5. SUBJECT TERMS Autism spectrum disorder, ASD; 47,XYY syndrome ...Autism: XYY Syndrome as a Genetic Model Table of Contents Page 1. Introduction…………………………………………………………. 2 2. Keywords……………………………………………………………. 2 3

Neural Correlates of the Y Chromosome in Autism: XYY Syndrome as a Genetic Model

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-09-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-15-1-0354 TITLE: Neural correlates of the Y chromosome in autism: XYY Syndrome as Genetic Model PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR...0354 XYY Syndrome as a Genetic Model 5b. GRANT NUMBER 15T c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 15T6. AUTHOR(S) Timothy Roberts 15T d. PROJECT NUMBER Judith...remaining 12 months of this award. 15T 5. SUBJECT TERMS Autism spectrum disorder, ASD; 47,XYY syndrome (XYY); neuroimaging; MRI; MEG; Comorbid behaviors

Autism from the Inside

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grandin, Temple

2007-01-01

Temple Grandin, a university professor and award-winning livestock designer with autism, describes how thinking, for her, means processing a series of photorealistic mental images. Thinking in pictures, according to Grandin, is the only possible mode of thinking for many autistic people: Others think with sound patterns, visual patterns, or long…

Risk Factors, Co-Morbid Conditions and Epidemiology of Autism in Children

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-10-01

Award Number: W81XWH-12-2-0066 TITLE: Risk Factors, Co-morbid Conditions, and Epidemiology of Autism in Children PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Major...FINAL 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) 30 Sep 2012- 29 Sep 2015 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Risk Factors, Co-morbid Conditions, and Epidemiology of Autism in...provide clinicians with data to better screen and manage ASD patients. 15. SUBJECT TERMS Autism , epidemiology, risk factors, co-morbidities 16

Preclinical Testing of Novel Oxytocin Receptor Activators in Models of Autism Phenotypes

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-01

AD_________________ Award Number: TITLE: Preclinical Testing of Novel Oxytocin Receptor Activators in Models of Autism ...AUG 2013-7 Aug 2014 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Preclinical Testing of Novel Oxytocin Receptor Activators in Models of Autism ...a genetic mouse model of autism -like phenotypes, the Grin1 knockdown mouse. The Grin1 gene encodes the NR1 subunit of the NMDA receptor . In the

Cognitive and Neural Correlates of Aging in Autism Spectrum Disorder

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-07-01

1 AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-15-1-0211 TITLE: "Cognitive and Neural Correlates of Aging in Autism Spectrum Disorder" PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR...30 Jun 2016 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER W81XWH-15-1-0211 XW81XWH-15-1-0211 "Cognitive and Neural Correlates of Aging in Autism ...Scope: This study, which is a collaborative study of the Southwest Autism Research and Resource Center and the Barrow Neurological Institute

A Picture's Worth: PECS and Other Visual Communication Strategies in Autism. Topics in Autism.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bondy, Andy; Frost, Lori

This book is intended to help parents and professionals understand the communication difficulties of children and adults who do not speak, including those with autism spectrum disorders. The first four chapters describe typical characteristics of nonverbal individuals and offer examples of the authors' approach to communication and the…

Relationship between Subtypes of Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors and Sleep Disturbance in Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hundley, Rachel J.; Shui, Amy; Malow, Beth A.

2016-01-01

We examined the association of two types of restricted and repetitive behaviors, repetitive sensory motor (RSM) and insistence on sameness (IS), with sleep problems in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Participants included 532 children (aged 2-17) who participated in the Autism Speaks Autism Treatment Network research registry.…

Factors Associated with Self-Injurious Behaviors in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Findings from Two Large National Samples

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Soke, G. N.; Rosenberg, S. A.; Hamman, R. F.; Fingerlin, T.; Rosenberg, C. R.; Carpenter, L.; Lee, L. C.; Giarelli, E.; Wiggins, L. D.; Durkin, M. S.; Reynolds, A.; DiGuiseppi, C.

2017-01-01

In this study, we explored potential associations among self-injurious behaviors (SIB) and a diverse group of protective and risk factors in children with autism spectrum disorder from two databases: Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network and the Autism Speaks-Autism Treatment Network (AS-ATN). The presence of SIB was…

Cultural Adaptation and Translation of Outreach Materials on Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grinker, Roy R.; Kang-Yi, Christina D.; Ahmann, Chloe; Beidas, Rinad S.; Lagman, Adrienne; Mandell, David S.

2015-01-01

In order to connect with families and influence treatment trajectories, outreach materials should address cultural perceptions of the condition, its causes, and post-diagnostic care. This paper describes the cultural adaptation and translation of the Autism Speaks First 100 Days Kit into Korean for the purpose of improving autism spectrum disorder…

Autism: An Experiment of Nature

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Malhotra, Savita

2006-01-01

This article presents the oration that received the Poona Psychiatric Association Oration Award of the Indian Association of Child and Adolescent Mental Health for its significant contributions to child and adolescent mental health. Malhotra focuses on the features of autism and the neuropsychological theories of this disorder. She concludes that,…

Precursors to the Development of Anxiety Disorders in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-10-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-14-1-0526 TITLE: Precursors to the Development of Anxiety Disorders in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder...2015 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Precursors to the Development of Anxiety Disorders in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder...SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT Anxiety disorders are extremely common among individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The presence of an anxiety

Precursors to the Development of Anxiety Disorders in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-10-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-14-1-0527 TITLE: Precursors to the Development of Anxiety Disorders in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder ...AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Precursors to the Development of Anxiety Disorders in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder 5b. GRANT...ABSTRACT Anxiety disorders are extremely common among individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The presence of an anxiety disorder

Testing Brain Overgrowth and Synaptic Models of Autism Using NPCs and Neurons from Patient-Derived IPS Cells

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-01

Award Number: W81XWH-13-1-0415 TITLE: Testing Brain Overgrowth and Synaptic Models of Autism Using NPC’s and Neurons from Patient-Derived IPS...Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT Autism and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex...impaired social interaction, and limited and repetitive interests and behavior. Recent studies have led to two major hypotheses for autism

From music making to speaking: engaging the mirror neuron system in autism.

PubMed

Wan, Catherine Y; Demaine, Krystal; Zipse, Lauryn; Norton, Andrea; Schlaug, Gottfried

2010-05-31

Individuals with autism show impairments in emotional tuning, social interactions and communication. These are functions that have been attributed to the putative human mirror neuron system (MNS), which contains neurons that respond to the actions of self and others. It has been proposed that a dysfunction of that system underlies some of the characteristics of autism. Here, we review behavioral and imaging studies that implicate the MNS (or a brain network with similar functions) in sensory-motor integration and speech representation, and review data supporting the hypothesis that MNS activity could be abnormal in autism. In addition, we propose that an intervention designed to engage brain regions that overlap with the MNS may have significant clinical potential. We argue that this engagement could be achieved through forms of music making. Music making with others (e.g., playing instruments or singing) is a multi-modal activity that has been shown to engage brain regions that largely overlap with the human MNS. Furthermore, many children with autism thoroughly enjoy participating in musical activities. Such activities may enhance their ability to focus and interact with others, thereby fostering the development of communication and social skills. Thus, interventions incorporating methods of music making may offer a promising approach for facilitating expressive language in otherwise nonverbal children with autism. Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

From music making to speaking: Engaging the mirror neuron system in autism

PubMed Central

Wan, Catherine Y.; Demaine, Krystal; Zipse, Lauryn; Norton, Andrea; Schlaug, Gottfried

2010-01-01

Individuals with autism show impairments in emotional tuning, social interactions and communication. These are functions that have been attributed to the putative human mirror neuron system (MNS), which contains neurons that respond to the actions of self and others. It has been proposed that a dysfunction of that system underlies some of the characteristics of autism. Here, we review behavioral and imaging studies that implicate the MNS (or a brain network with similar functions) in sensory-motor integration and speech representation, and review data supporting the hypothesis that MNS activity could be abnormal in autism. In addition, we propose that an intervention designed to engage brain regions that overlap with the MNS may have significant clinical potential. We argue that this engagement could be achieved through forms of music making. Music making with others (e.g., playing instruments or singing) is a multi-modal activity that has been shown to engage brain regions that largely overlap with the human MNS. Furthermore, many children with autism thoroughly enjoy participating in musical activities. Such activities may enhance their ability to focus and interact with others, thereby fostering the development of communication and social skills. Thus, interventions incorporating methods of music making may offer a promising approach for facilitating expressive language in otherwise nonverbal children with autism. PMID:20433906

Measuring Anxiety as a Treatment Endpoint in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lecavalier, Luc; Wood, Jeffrey J.; Halladay, Alycia K.; Jones, Nancy E.; Aman, Michael G.; Cook, Edwin H.; Handen, Benjamin L.; King, Bryan H.; Pearson, Deborah A.; Hallett, Victoria; Sullivan, Katherine Anne; Grondhuis, Sabrina; Bishop, Somer L.; Horrigan, Joseph P.; Dawson, Geraldine; Scahill, Lawrence

2014-01-01

Despite the high rate of anxiety in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), measuring anxiety in ASD is fraught with uncertainty. This is due, in part, to incomplete consensus on the manifestations of anxiety in this population. Autism Speaks assembled a panel of experts to conduct a systematic review of available measures for anxiety in…

Occupational Aspirations of State FFA Contest and Award Winners.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bowen, Blannie E.; Doerfert, David L.

1989-01-01

A study explored the occupational aspirations of 300 (of 503) students with high levels of participation in Future Farmers of America's (FFA) Computers in Agriculture (CIA), Proficiency Award (PA), and Prepared and Extemporaneous Speaking (PES) contests. CIA and PES winners aspired to professional occupations more than PA winners. PES winners…

Testing Brain Overgrowth and Synaptic Models of Autism Using NPCs and Neurons from Patient-Derived iPS Cells

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-10-01

AD_________________ Award Number: W81XWH-13-1-0415 TITLE: Testing Brain Overgrowth and Synaptic Models of Autism Using NPCs and Neurons from...REPORT TYPE Annual 3. DATES COVERED 15 Sept 2013 – 14 Sept 2014 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Testing Brain Overgrowth and Synaptic Models of Autism Using...STATEMENT Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT Autism and autism spectrum disorders (ASD

Autism BrainNet: A network of postmortem brain banks established to facilitate autism research.

PubMed

Amaral, David G; Anderson, Matthew P; Ansorge, Olaf; Chance, Steven; Hare, Carolyn; Hof, Patrick R; Miller, Melissa; Nagakura, Ikue; Pickett, Jane; Schumann, Cynthia; Tamminga, Carol

2018-01-01

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD or autism) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects over 1% of the population worldwide. Developing effective preventions and treatments for autism will depend on understanding the genetic perturbations and underlying neuropathology of the disorder. While evidence from magnetic resonance imaging and other noninvasive techniques points to altered development and organization of the autistic brain, these tools lack the resolution for identifying the cellular and molecular underpinnings of the disorder. Postmortem studies of high-quality human brain tissue currently represent the only viable option to pursuing these types of studies. However, the availability of high-quality ASD brain tissue has been extremely limited. Here we describe the establishment of a privately funded tissue bank, Autism BrainNet, a network of brain collection sites that work in a coordinated fashion to develop an adequate library of human postmortem brain tissues. Autism BrainNet was initiated as a collaboration between the Simons Foundation and Autism Speaks, and is currently funded by the Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative. Autism BrainNet has collection sites (nodes) in California, Texas, New York, and Massachusetts; an affiliated, international node is located in Oxford, England. All donations to this network become part of a consolidated pool of tissue that is distributed to qualified investigators worldwide to carry out autism research. An essential component of this program is a widespread outreach program that highlights the need for postmortem brain donations to families affected by autism, led by the Autism Science Foundation. Challenges include an outreach campaign that deals with a disorder beginning in early childhood, collecting an adequate number of donations to deal with the high level of biologic heterogeneity of autism, and preparing this limited resource for optimal distribution to the greatest number of investigators. Copyright

Dual Modulators of GABA-A and Alpha 7 Nicotinic Receptors for Treating Autism

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-10-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-13-1-0144 TITLE: Dual Modulators of GABA-A and Alpha 7 Nicotinic Receptors for Treating Autism PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR...SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Dual Modulators of GABA-A and Alpha 7 Nicotinic Receptors for Treating Autism 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-13-1-0144 5c...ABSTRACT Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a polygenic signaling disorder that may result, in part, from an imbalance in excitatory and inhibitory

Abnormal Vestibulo-Ocular Reflexes in Autism: A Potential Endophenotype

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-06-01

differentiates autistic from children with asperger syndrome , Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 32 (2002), 231-238. Proposal AR093169...three male children with diagnoses of ASD as follows: Autism (8 years 6 months), PDD-NOS (7 years 3 months), and Asperger’s Syndrome (10 years 6...Asperger’s syndrome *15+. Such behavioral evidence further suggests that Proposal AR093169 Award W81XWH-10-1-0382 Annual Report for 15 May 2010 – 14 May

Neural Correlates of the Y Chromosome in Autism: XYY Syndrome as a Genetic Model

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-09-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-15-1-0355 TITLE: Neural Correlates of the Y Chromosome in Autism: XYY Syndrome as a Genetic Model PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR...SUBJECT TERMS Autism spectrum disorder, ASD; 47,XYY syndrome (XYY); neuroimaging; MRI; MEG; Comorbid behaviors 15T 6. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF...by ANSI Std. Z39.18 Neural Correlates of the Y Chromosome in Autism: XYY Syndrome as a Genetic Model Table of Contents Page 1. Introduction

Testing Brain Overgrowth and Synaptic Models of Autism Using NPCs and Neurons From Patient Derived iPS Cells

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-13-1-0414 TITLE: Testing Brain Overgrowth and Synaptic Models of Autism Using NPCs and Neurons From Patient-Derived iPS...3. DATES COVERED 15 Sep 2013 - 14 Sep 2015 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Testing Brain Overgrowth and Synaptic Models of Autism Using NPCs and Neurons From...AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT Autism and autism spectrum disorders (ASD

The Relationship among Oral Language, Decoding Skills, and Reading Comprehension in Children with Autism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cronin, Kathleen A.

2014-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among oral language, decoding, and reading comprehension for children with autism. Participants included 13 English-speaking children with a diagnosis of high-functioning autism (IQ > 70) who were included in a typical classroom, and who had parents who spoke English. Parts of the…

Comprehension of presuppositions in school-age Cantonese-speaking children with and without autism spectrum disorders.

PubMed

Cheung, Candice Chi-Hang; Politzer-Ahles, Stephen; Hwang, Heeju; Chui, Ronald Lung Yat; Leung, Man Tak; Tang, Tempo Po Yi

2017-01-01

While an enormous amount of research has been done on the deficient conversation skills in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), little is known about their performance on presuppositions, a domain of knowledge that is crucial for successful communication. This study investigated the comprehension of four types of presupposition, namely existential, factive, lexical and structural presuppositions, in school-age Cantonese-speaking children with and without ASD. A group of children with ASD (n = 21), mean age 8.8, was compared with a group of typically developing children (n = 106). Knowledge of presuppositions was evaluated based on children's ability to judge whether a given utterance was a correct presupposition of a preceding utterance. Children with ASD were found to show a deficit in the comprehension of presuppositions, even after controlling for differences in general language ability and non-verbal intelligence. The relative difficulty of the four types of presupposition did not differ between the two groups of children. The present findings provide new empirical evidence that children with ASD have a deficit in the comprehension of presuppositions. Future research should explore whether the deficit in the comprehension of presuppositions is related to the development of theory of mind skills in children with ASD.

Bethe, Oppenheimer, Teller and the Fermi Award: Norris Bradbury Speaks

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Meade, Roger Allen

In 1956 the Enrico Fermi Presidential Award was established to recognize scientists, engineers, and science policymakers who gave unstintingly over their careers to advance energy science and technology. The first recipient was John von Neumann. .1 Among those scientists who were thought eligible for the award were Hans Bethe, J. Robert Oppenheimer, and Edward Teller. In 1959 Norris Bradbury was asked to comment on the relative merits of each these three men, whom he knew well from their affiliation with Los Alamos. Below is a reproduction of the letter Bradbury sent to Dr. Warren C. Johnson of the AEC’s Generalmore » Advisory Committee(GAC) containing his evaluation of each man. The letter might surprise those not accustomed to Bradbury’s modus operandi of providing very detailed and forthright answers to the AEC. The letter, itself, was found in cache of old microfilm. Whether because of the age of the microfilm or the quality of the filming process, portions of the letter are not legible. Where empty brackets appear, the word or words could not be read or deduced. Words appearing in brackets are guesses that appear, from the image, to be what was written. These guesses, of course, are just that – guesses.« less

Adjudicating non-knowledge in the Omnibus Autism Proceedings.

PubMed

Decoteau, Claire Laurier; Underman, Kelly

2015-08-01

After 5600 families of children diagnosed with autism filed claims with the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program in the United States, the court selected 'test' cases consolidated into the Omnibus Autism Proceedings, held from 2007 to 2008, to examine claims that vaccines caused the development of autism. The court found all of the causation theories presented to be untenable and did not award damages to any parents. We analyze the Omnibus Autism Proceedings as a struggle within the scientific field between the scientific orthodoxy of the respondents and the heterodox position taken by the plaintiffs, suggesting that the ruling in these cases helped to shore up hegemony on autism causation. Drawing on the literature on non-knowledge, we suggest that only the respondents had enough scientific capital to strategically direct non-knowledge toward genetic research, thereby foreclosing the possibility of environmental causation of autism. The plaintiffs, who promote a non-standard ontology of autism, suggest that the science on autism remains undone and should not be circumscribed. In analyzing the Omnibus Autism Proceedings with field theory, we highlight the way in which scientific consensus-building and the setting of research agendas are the result of struggle, and we show that the strategic deployment of non-knowledge becomes a major stake in battles for scientific legitimacy and the settling of scientific controversies.

Psychometric Properties of the Beach Center Family Quality of Life in French-Speaking Families With a Preschool-Aged Child Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder.

PubMed

Rivard, Mélina; Mercier, Céline; Mestari, Zakaria; Terroux, Amélie; Mello, Catherine; Bégin, Jean

2017-09-01

The Beach Center Family Quality of Life Scale (Beach Center FQOL) is used to evaluate and develop family-centered intervention services. However, its use with families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and in non-English speaking populations requires further investigation. The present study sought to assess the psychometric properties of a French translation of this scale on 452 parents of children aged 5 and under who were recently diagnosed with ASD. The resulting Satisfaction and Importance scales presented excellent internal consistency at the scale level and acceptable internal consistency at the subscale level. Theoretical model positing 5 dimensions of FQOL generally fit the data acceptably. Satisfaction ratings were found to be sensitive to changes and were negatively correlated with parenting stress.

[The profile of WISC-R scores in children with high-functioning autism].

PubMed

Zielinska, Monika; Sterczynski, Radoslaw; Baginska, Aneta

2014-01-01

The aim of the study was to define the intellectual profile of Polish children suffering from autism. Our study was based on the results of previous research, mostly conducted in English-speaking countries. Although these earlier studies documented the intellectual profile of an autistic child, they also identified some discrepancies. Therefore, we decided to complement the discussion on autism with our data on intellectual functioning of autistic Polish children examined with a translated version of the intelligence test. The study followed a matching design. From among 191 children with autism and 1 400 without this diagnosis, we selected 34 pairs based on gender and age, and not differing by more than 10 points in terms of intelligence quotient. The intellectual profile of the studied children was determined with the WISC-R scale. As expected, the intellectual profile of children with autism proved more variable than that of healthy controls. Children with autism scored lower on "Comprehension" scale and (at a threshold of statistical significance) on "Object assembly" scale, and achieved higher results on "Information" and "Block design" scales. The results of our study confirmed the most typical observations from previous research conducted among an English-speaking population of autistic children. Polish autistic children did not differ significantly in terms of their quotients of verbal and non-verbal intelligence. However, the intellectual profile of autistic children showed higher variance compared to normally developing controls. Children with autism were more likely to score the lowest in the "Comprehension" subtest and the highest in the "Block design" subtest.

A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Intranasal Oxytocin as an Adjunct to Behavioral Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorder

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-10-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-12-1-0543 TITLE: A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Intranasal Oxytocin as an Adjunct to Behavioral Therapy for Autism ...Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorder 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-12-1-0543 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) John Gabrieli, Ph.D; Aude Henin...core social dysfunctions, and (2) oxytocin (OT) administration prior to CBT sessions will each enhance social function in young adults with autism

The Use of Linguistic Cues in Sentence Comprehension by Mandarin-Speaking Children with High-Functioning Autism.

PubMed

Zhou, Peng; Crain, Stephen; Gao, Liqun; Jia, Meixiang

2017-01-01

Two studies were conducted to investigate how high-functioning children with autism use different linguistic cues in sentence comprehension. Two types of linguistic cues were investigated: word order and morphosyntactic cues. The results show that children with autism can use both types of cues in sentence comprehension. However, compared to age-matched typically developing peers, children with autism relied significantly more on word order cues and exhibited significantly more difficulties in interpreting sentences in which there was a conflict between the morphosyntactic cue and the word order cue. We attribute the difficulties exhibited by children with autism to their deficits in executive function. We then discuss the implications of the findings for understanding the nature of the sentence processing mechanism in autism.

President Nixon speaks at Hickam AFB prior to presenting Medal of Freedom

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1970-01-01

President Richard M. Nixon speaks at Hickam Air Force Base prior to presenting the nation's highest civilian award to the Apollo 13 crew. Receiving the Presidential Medal of Freedom were Astronauts James A. Lovell Jr. (next to the Chief Executive), commander; John L. Swigert Jr. (left), command module pilot; and Fred W. Haise Jr., lunar module pilot.

Can Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders "Hear" a Speaking Face?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Irwin, Julia R.; Tornatore, Lauren A.; Brancazio, Lawrence; Whalen, D. H.

2011-01-01

This study used eye-tracking methodology to assess audiovisual speech perception in 26 children ranging in age from 5 to 15 years, half with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and half with typical development. Given the characteristic reduction in gaze to the faces of others in children with ASD, it was hypothesized that they would show reduced…

The Role of the New mTOR Complex, mTORC2, in Autism Spectrum Disorders

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-10-01

1 AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-13-1-0380 TITLE: "The Role of the New mTOR Complex, mTORC2, in Autism Spectrum Disorders " PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Mauro...34The Role of the New mTOR Complex, mTORC2, in Autism Spectrum Disorders " 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER W81XWH-13-1-0380 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM...Pten. These insights hold the promise for new mTORC2-based treatment of ASD. 15. SUBJECT TERMS Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), mTORC2, mTORC1

Communication Growth in Minimally Verbal Children with Autism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mucchetti, Charlotte Alcestis

2013-01-01

Very little is known about language and communication development in minimally verbal children with autism, especially those who remain minimally verbal past the age of five. This population is rarely reported on in research and although there is evidence that some children do learn to speak after the age of five, we lack information on the course…

Are Children with Autism More Responsive to Animated Characters? A Study of Interactions with Humans and Human-Controlled Avatars

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carter, Elizabeth J.; Williams, Diane L.; Hodgins, Jessica K.; Lehman, Jill F.

2014-01-01

Few direct comparisons have been made between the responsiveness of children with autism to computer-generated or animated characters and their responsiveness to humans. Twelve 4-to 8-year-old children with autism interacted with a human therapist; a human-controlled, interactive avatar in a theme park; a human actor speaking like the avatar; and…

In Search of Culturally Appropriate Autism Interventions: Perspectives of Latino Caregivers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DuBay, Michaela; Watson, Linda R.; Zhang, Wanqing

2018-01-01

Most evidence-based autism spectrum disorder (ASD) interventions are tested with primarily White, mid-upper class, English-speaking populations, despite the increase in Latino children with ASD in early intervention programs throughout the United States. Unfortunately, interventions that are incongruent with a target population's culture may be…

Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Young isiZulu-Speaking Children in South Africa

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chambers, Nola J.; Wetherby, Amy M.; Stronach, Sheri T.; Njongwe, Nonyameko; Kauchali, Shuaib; Grinker, Richard R.

2017-01-01

Culturally appropriate tools are needed for detecting symptoms of autism spectrum disorder in young South African children. The objectives of this study were to (1) adapt and translate into isiZulu existing measures for detecting early signs of autism spectrum disorder, (2) use the measures to characterize and compare behavioural profiles of young…

Anger in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Parent's Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ho, Betty P. V.; Stephenson, Jennifer; Carter, Mark

2012-01-01

Anger related behaviours such as aggression are known to be an area of difficulty for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). A national internet forum for parents of children with ASD was selected out of other similar forums from six English speaking countries. Information about the angry episodes of 121 children with ASD as described by…

A Meta-Analysis of Single Case Research Studies on Aided Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems with Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ganz, Jennifer B.; Earles-Vollrath, Theresa L.; Heath, Amy K.; Parker, Richard I.; Rispoli, Mandy J.; Duran, Jaime B.

2012-01-01

Many individuals with autism cannot speak or cannot speak intelligibly. A variety of aided augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) approaches have been investigated. Most of the research on these approaches has been single-case research, with small numbers of participants. The purpose of this investigation was to meta-analyze the single…

Portrayal of Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Young Adult Literature

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Black, Rhonda S.; Tsumoto, Courtney A.

2018-01-01

Characters with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have become increasingly popular in young adult literature. Using a case-study format, this article describes the communication, sensory, and social characteristics of eight protagonists in award-winning young adult novels. All told in the first person, these novels provide insight for young readers…

Syntax and Morphology in Danish-Speaking Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brynskov, Cecilia; Eigsti, Inge-Marie; Jørgensen, Meta; Lemcke, Sanne; Bohn, Ocke-Schwen; Krøjgaard, Peter

2017-01-01

The current study examined delays in syntax and morphology, and vocabulary, in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Children ages 4-6 years with ASD (n = 21) and typical development (n = 21), matched on nonverbal mental age, completed five language tasks. The ASD group had significant delays in both syntax and morphology, and vocabulary measures, with…

The Use of Linguistic Cues in Sentence Comprehension by Mandarin-Speaking Children with High-Functioning Autism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhou, Peng; Crain, Stephen; Gao, Liqun; Jia, Meixiang

2017-01-01

Two studies were conducted to investigate how high-functioning children with autism use different linguistic cues in sentence comprehension. Two types of linguistic cues were investigated: word order and morphosyntactic cues. The results show that children with autism can use both types of cues in sentence comprehension. However, compared to…

Asian American Immigrant Parents Supporting Children with Autism: Perceptions of Fathers and Mothers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wang, Hui-Ting; West, Elizabeth A.

2016-01-01

Asian American immigrant parents supporting children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been understudied. The purpose of this qualitative study was to probe the perceptions of Mandarin-speaking immigrant mothers and fathers raising children with ASD in the United States. Ten participating parents were first-generation native…

The Role of the New mTOR Complex, MTORC2, in Autism Spectrum Disorders

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-10-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-13-1-0380 TITLE: “The Role of the New mTOR complex, MTORC2, in Autism Spectrum Disorders” PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Mauro...THE NEW MTOR COMPLEX, MTORC2, IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS” 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER W81XWH-13-1-0380 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6...Distribution Unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT The goal of my DOD-supported research is determine the role of the new mTOR complex (mTORC2) in

Sex and gender differences in autism spectrum disorder: summarizing evidence gaps and identifying emerging areas of priority.

PubMed

Halladay, Alycia K; Bishop, Somer; Constantino, John N; Daniels, Amy M; Koenig, Katheen; Palmer, Kate; Messinger, Daniel; Pelphrey, Kevin; Sanders, Stephan J; Singer, Alison Tepper; Taylor, Julie Lounds; Szatmari, Peter

2015-01-01

One of the most consistent findings in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) research is a higher rate of ASD diagnosis in males than females. Despite this, remarkably little research has focused on the reasons for this disparity. Better understanding of this sex difference could lead to major advancements in the prevention or treatment of ASD in both males and females. In October of 2014, Autism Speaks and the Autism Science Foundation co-organized a meeting that brought together almost 60 clinicians, researchers, parents, and self-identified autistic individuals. Discussion at the meeting is summarized here with recommendations on directions of future research endeavors.

Vocalization of Emotional and Social Expressions in Korean-Speaking Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Those with Developmental Delay.

PubMed

Lee, Kyung Sook; Shin, Yee Jin; Yoo, Hee Jeong; Lee, Gui Jong; Ryu, Jeong; Son, Oweol; Cho, Sook Whan

2018-05-01

This study aimed to examine the development of socializing and emotional expressions through vocalizations and joint attention (JA) behaviors in Korean-speaking children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), compared to those with developmental delay (DD). Video samples were collected from 28 toddlers with ASD and 18 age-matched toddlers with DD, and vocalizations were each coded in detail for the purpose of this retrospective research. In addition to some statistical analysis, Computerized Language Analysis was conducted to obtain the final results. Although they produced a higher number of vocalizations than the DD group, the ASD group did not engage in emotional or social interactions with their caretakers, whereas the DD group did. The children with ASD used more atypical vocalizations and socially unengaged vocalizations than the children with DD did. JA using vocalizations in the ASD group, in particular, was largely dyadic, with triadic types occurring at a significantly lower frequency than those in the DD group. Results from this study indicate the importance of assessing early vocalizations in toddlers with ASD, suggesting that some common symptoms of ASD, such as lack of typical, emotional, and social functions in early vocalizations, could be used to develop screening and intervention programs related to ASD. © Copyright: Yonsei University College of Medicine 2018.

Mitchell Receives 2013 Ronald Greeley Early Career Award in Planetary Science: Response

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mitchell, Jonathan L.

2014-07-01

I am honored to receive this award in memory of Ron Greeley. Although I did not have the opportunity to know him, I had the pleasure of getting to know his wife, Cynthia, at a luncheon prior to the special awards session at the AGU Fall Meeting. Cynthia is an intelligent and elegant southern woman with a confident gaze. She spoke fondly of Ron and of her sincere respect for his work ethic and dedication to planetary science. What most impressed me, though, was the respect Ron showed to her and the kids by always "giving them the evenings"; no matter how busy things got, Ron always kept his evenings open for Cynthia. This clearly meant the world to her. As a family man, I can only hope that my wife and kids will speak so kindly of me many years from now. I would like to dedicate this award to them in gratitude for their seemingly unconditional love and support.

Cognitive and Language Correlates of Hyperlexia: Evidence from Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cardoso-Martins, Claudia; da Silva, Juliane Ribeiro

2010-01-01

Two studies were conducted to investigate the correlates of hyperlexia in Brazilian Portuguese-speaking children with the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Study 1 involved 3 groups of school age children individually matched for word reading ability: 6 ASD hyperlexic children, 6 ASD non-hyperlexic children, and 6 typically developing…

Considerations Influencing Hispanic-American Mothers' Intergenerational Language Practices with Their Children with Autism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Niles, Gloria Y.

2013-01-01

Using basic qualitative research methodology, the purpose for this dissertation study was to explore the language, social and learning considerations and subsequent actions taken by eight, bilingual, Hispanic-American mothers of children with autism between the ages of four and eight-years-old regarding speaking Spanish, English or both languages…

Re-examining the cognitive phenotype in autism: a study with young Chinese children.

PubMed

Lam, Yan Grace

2013-12-01

Deficits consistently found in autism include an impaired "theory of mind", weak central coherence, and deficits in executive function. The current study examined whether this traditional cluster of symptoms existed in a group of Chinese-speaking children with autism. Sixteen high-functioning, non-retarded children with autism were matched to 16 typically developing (TD) children on gender, non-verbal IQ and age. Non-verbal IQ's of all participants were measured using the Raven Progressive Matrices. Each participant was tested individually on measures of "theory of mind", central coherence and executive function. Results indicated that most, but not all, participants with autism performed significantly poorer on two standard measures of first-order "theory of mind," although there was no significant difference on two other measures of that domain. As expected, they performed significantly worse on executive function tasks. However, the hypothesis of weak central coherence in autism was not substantiated. There was no evidence that these three cognitive impairments co-existed in individuals with autism. More likely, each of these deficits appears singly or in pair instead of forming a cluster. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Perception of Melodic Contour and Intonation in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from Mandarin Speakers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jiang, Jun; Liu, Fang; Wan, Xuan; Jiang, Cunmei

2015-01-01

Tone language experience benefits pitch processing in music and speech for typically developing individuals. No known studies have examined pitch processing in individuals with autism who speak a tone language. This study investigated discrimination and identification of melodic contour and speech intonation in a group of Mandarin-speaking…

Developing the Students’ English Speaking Ability Through Impromptu Speaking Method.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lumettu, A.; Runtuwene, T. L.

2018-01-01

Having multi -purposes, English mastery has becomea necessary for us.Of the four language skills, speaking skill should get the first priority in English teaching and speaking skills development cannot be separated from listening.One communicative way of developing speaking skill is impromptu speaking,a method sudden speaking which depends only on experience and insight by applying spontaneity or improvisation. It is delivered based on the need of the moment of speaking using simple language.This research aims to know (1). Why impromptu speaking is necessary in teaching speaking? (2). How can impromptu speaking develop the students’ speaking skills.The method of this research is qualitative method and the techniques of data collection are: observation,interview and documentation. The results of data analysis using Correlation shows a strong relation between the students’ speaking ability and impromptu speaking method (r = 0.80).The research show that by using impromptu speaking method, the students are trained to interact faster naturally and spontaneously and enrich their vocabulary and general science to support speaking development through interview, speech, presentation, discussion and storytelling.

The Interface of Syntax with Pragmatics and Prosody in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Terzi, Arhonto; Marinis, Theodoros; Francis, Kostantinos

2016-01-01

In order to study problems of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) with morphosyntax, we investigated twenty high-functioning Greek-speaking children (mean age: 6;11) and twenty age- and language-matched typically developing children on environments that allow or forbid object clitics or their corresponding noun phrase. Children with…

A Best Practice Guide to Assessment and Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Schools. Second Edition

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilkinson, Lee A.

2016-01-01

Fully updated to reflect DSM-5 and current assessment tools, procedures and research, this award-winning book provides a practical and scientifically-based approach to identifying, assessing, and treating children and adolescents with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in school settings. Integrating current research evidence with theory and…

Investigating Shifts in Diverse Family Structures in Newbery Award and Honor Books Utilizing U.S. Census Data, 1930-2010

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Despain, Shannon M.; Tunnell, Michael O.; Wilcox, Brad; Morrison, Timothy G.

2015-01-01

Newbery Award and Honor books are a representation of children's literature, but family structures portrayed in them have not previously been studied. This prescriptive content analysis considered 87 contemporary realistic fiction Newbery winners and runners-up since the 1930s that portray families in English-speaking, Western settings. The family…

The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers: Reliability in a Diverse Rural American Sample

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scarpa, Angela; Reyes, Nuri M.; Patriquin, Michelle A.; Lorenzi, Jill; Hassenfeldt, Tyler A.; Desai, Varsha J.; Kerkering, Kathryn W.

2013-01-01

This study investigated the psychometric properties of the modified checklist for autism in toddlers (M-CHAT) in a diverse rural American low-socioeconomic status (SES) sample. Four hundred and forty-seven English (n = 335) and Spanish (n = 112) speaking caregivers completed the M-CHAT during their toddler's 18- or 24-month well visit in a…

The Autism Simplex Collection: an international, expertly phenotyped autism sample for genetic and phenotypic analyses.

PubMed

Buxbaum, Joseph D; Bolshakova, Nadia; Brownfeld, Jessica M; Anney, Richard Jl; Bender, Patrick; Bernier, Raphael; Cook, Edwin H; Coon, Hilary; Cuccaro, Michael; Freitag, Christine M; Hallmayer, Joachim; Geschwind, Daniel; Klauck, Sabine M; Nurnberger, John I; Oliveira, Guiomar; Pinto, Dalila; Poustka, Fritz; Scherer, Stephen W; Shih, Andy; Sutcliffe, James S; Szatmari, Peter; Vicente, Astrid M; Vieland, Veronica; Gallagher, Louise

2014-01-01

trios. ASC sequencing for the first 1,000 samples (all from whole-blood DNA) is complete and data will be released in 2014. Data is being made available through NIH databases (database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP) and National Database for Autism Research (NDAR)) with DNA released in Dist 11.0. Primary funding for the collection, genotyping, sequencing and distribution of TASC samples was provided by Autism Speaks and the NIH, including the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and the National Human Genetics Research Institute (NHGRI). TASC represents an important sample set that leverages expert sites. Similar approaches, leveraging expert sites and ongoing studies, represent an important path towards further enhancing available ASD samples.

The Autism Simplex Collection: an international, expertly phenotyped autism sample for genetic and phenotypic analyses

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

focus is on sequencing complete trios. ASC sequencing for the first 1,000 samples (all from whole-blood DNA) is complete and data will be released in 2014. Data is being made available through NIH databases (database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP) and National Database for Autism Research (NDAR)) with DNA released in Dist 11.0. Primary funding for the collection, genotyping, sequencing and distribution of TASC samples was provided by Autism Speaks and the NIH, including the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and the National Human Genetics Research Institute (NHGRI). Conclusions TASC represents an important sample set that leverages expert sites. Similar approaches, leveraging expert sites and ongoing studies, represent an important path towards further enhancing available ASD samples. PMID:25392729

Robotic Mining Competition Awards Ceremony

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-05-26

Inside the Apollo-Saturn V Center at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in Florida, Pat Simpkins, director of the Engineering Directorate at Kennedy Space Center, speaks to the teams during the award ceremony for NASA's 8th Annual Robotic Mining Competition. More than 40 student teams from colleges and universities around the U.S. used their uniquely-designed mining robots to dig in a supersized sandbox filled with BP-1, or simulated Martian soil, and participated in other competition requirements, May 22-26, at the visitor complex. The Robotic Mining Competition is a NASA Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate project designed to encourage students in science, technology, engineering and math, or STEM fields. The project provides a competitive environment to foster innovative ideas and solutions that could be used on NASA's Journey to Mars.

Victimization and Perpetration Experiences of Adults With Autism.

PubMed

Weiss, Jonathan A; Fardella, Michelle A

2018-01-01

This study aimed to describe the self-reported experiences of childhood and adult victimization and perpetration in adults with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) compared to a matched sample, and how victimization and perpetration are associated with autism-related difficulties. Forty-five adults with ASC and 42 adults without ASC completed questionnaires regarding violence victimization and perpetration, emotion regulation, and sociocommunicative competence. Participants with ASC reported experiencing, as children, more overall victimization; specifically, more property crime, maltreatment, teasing/emotional bullying, and sexual assault by peers, compared to participants without ASC. Participants with ASC also reported experiencing more teasing/emotional bullying in adulthood and greater sexual contact victimization. No significant differences were found between groups on perpetration. Sociocommunicative ability and emotion regulation deficits did not explain the heightened risk for victimization. Individuals with ASC have an increased vulnerability to violence victimization, which speaks to the need for interventions, and proactive prevention strategies.

Awards | NREL

Science.gov Websites

about NREL's outstanding researchers and scientists, high-performance buildings, and R&D 100 Award -winning technologies. photo of R&D 100 awards R&D 100 Awards R&D 100 Awards are presented to

Evaluating and Enhancing Driving Ability Among Teens with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-10-01

impact. 15. SUBJECT TERMS Autism, Driving Safety , Driving Simulation, Automated Feedback, Eye Tracking 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17...driving training (RT) required by the DMV, VRDS training + RT (VRDS-T) would lead to greater improvement in driving safety and less driving anxiety, 2...the Idea Development award we learned that VRDS-T can significantly improve the driving safety of novice drivers with ASD, and this is not enhanced by

[Specificity hypothesis of a theory of mind deficit in early childhood autism].

PubMed

Kissgen, R; Schleiffer, R

2002-02-01

In order to test the hypothesis that a theory of mind deficit is specific for autism, the present study presents the first replication of the Sally-Anne test (Baron-Cohen, Leslie & Frith, 1985) in the German-speaking countries. The Sally-Anne test was administered to 16 autistic, 24 probands with Down's syndrome and 20 normal preschool prosands. The intelligence of the autistic group and that with Down's syndrome was measured by the CPM/SPM. In addition, the ADI-R was used with the principal caregivers of the autistic and Down's syndrome subjects. With regard to the clinical diagnosis, theory of mind deficit turned out to be not specific for autism. Six of 16 (37.5%) autistic subjects passed the theory of mind tasks. Thus performance in the autistic group surpassed that of both control groups. Out of 16 autistic subjects, autism could be confirmed in only 8 on the basis of the ADI-R diagnostic criteria, only one of whom showed a theory of mind. The autistic individuals with a theory of mind differed significantly in their mean IQ from those without this ability. Spectrum and specificity of a theory of mind deficit in autism remain controversial. For further research it seems important to administer the ADI-R during the diagnostic process. The findings suggest that the clinical diagnosis of autism is not precise enough to distinguish between autism and nonautistic mental handicap.

Victimization and Perpetration Experiences of Adults With Autism

PubMed Central

Weiss, Jonathan A.; Fardella, Michelle A.

2018-01-01

This study aimed to describe the self-reported experiences of childhood and adult victimization and perpetration in adults with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) compared to a matched sample, and how victimization and perpetration are associated with autism-related difficulties. Forty-five adults with ASC and 42 adults without ASC completed questionnaires regarding violence victimization and perpetration, emotion regulation, and sociocommunicative competence. Participants with ASC reported experiencing, as children, more overall victimization; specifically, more property crime, maltreatment, teasing/emotional bullying, and sexual assault by peers, compared to participants without ASC. Participants with ASC also reported experiencing more teasing/emotional bullying in adulthood and greater sexual contact victimization. No significant differences were found between groups on perpetration. Sociocommunicative ability and emotion regulation deficits did not explain the heightened risk for victimization. Individuals with ASC have an increased vulnerability to violence victimization, which speaks to the need for interventions, and proactive prevention strategies. PMID:29887806

Visual perceptual abilities of Chinese-speaking and English-speaking children.

PubMed

Lai, Mun Yee; Leung, Frederick Koon Shing

2012-04-01

This paper reports an investigation of Chinese-speaking and English-speaking children's general visual perceptual abilities. The Developmental Test of Visual Perception was administered to 41 native Chinese-speaking children of mean age 5 yr. 4 mo. in Hong Kong and 35 English-speaking children of mean age 5 yr. 2 mo. in Melbourne. Of interest were the two interrelated components of visual perceptual abilities, namely, motor-reduced visual perceptual and visual-motor integration perceptual abilities, which require either verbal or motoric responses in completing visual tasks. Chinese-speaking children significantly outperformed the English-speaking children on general visual perceptual abilities. When comparing the results of each of the two different components, the Chinese-speaking students' performance on visual-motor integration was far better than that of their counterparts (ES = 2.70), while the two groups of students performed similarly on motor-reduced visual perceptual abilities. Cultural factors such as written language format may be contributing to the enhanced performance of Chinese-speaking children's visual-motor integration abilities, but there may be validity questions in the Chinese version.

Validation of the French Autism Spectrum Quotient scale and its relationships with schizotypy and Eysenckian personality traits.

PubMed

Sierro, Guillaume; Rossier, Jérôme; Mohr, Christine

2016-07-01

Autism and schizophrenia spectra were long considered distinct entities. Yet, recent studies emphasized overlapping clinical and personality features suggesting common mechanisms and liabilities. Independent notions, however, highlight that the two spectra oppose each other socially (positive schizotypal hyper-mentalism versus autistic hypo-mentalism). To clarify these relationships, we used data from 921 French-speaking Swiss undergraduates to firstly validate the French Autism Spectrum Questionnaire (AQ) identifying an optimal factor structure. Secondly, we assessed relationships between this AQ structure and schizotypic personality traits. Results from correlational and principal component analyses replicated both overlapping and opposing relationships. We conjecture that autistic traits opposing positive schizotypy represent autistic mentalizing deficits. We discuss implications of our findings relative to theories of autism and schizophrenia spectrum relationships. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

An MEG Investigation of Neural Biomarkers and Language in Nonverbal Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-01

Award Number: W81XWH-13-1-0293 TITLE: An MEG Investigation of Neural Biomarkers and Language in...SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER An MEG Investigation of Neural Biomarkers and Language in Nonverbal Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders 5b...technique to correct MEG data for subject movement during recording. This correction reduces signal loss due to movement, resulting in higher

Investigating the cross-cultural validity of DSM-5 autism spectrum disorder: evidence from Finnish and UK samples.

PubMed

Mandy, William; Charman, Tony; Puura, Kaija; Skuse, David

2014-01-01

The recent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (DSM-5) reformulation of autism spectrum disorder has received empirical support from North American and UK samples. Autism spectrum disorder is an increasingly global diagnosis, and research is needed to discover how well it generalises beyond North America and the United Kingdom. We tested the applicability of the DSM-5 model to a sample of Finnish young people with autism spectrum disorder (n = 130) or the broader autism phenotype (n = 110). Confirmatory factor analysis tested the DSM-5 model in Finland and compared the fit of this model between Finnish and UK participants (autism spectrum disorder, n = 488; broader autism phenotype, n = 220). In both countries, autistic symptoms were measured using the Developmental, Diagnostic and Dimensional Interview. Replicating findings from English-speaking samples, the DSM-5 model fitted well in Finnish autism spectrum disorder participants, outperforming a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) model. The DSM-5 model fitted equally well in Finnish and UK autism spectrum disorder samples. Among broader autism phenotype participants, this model fitted well in the United Kingdom but poorly in Finland, suggesting that cross-cultural variability may be greatest for milder autistic characteristics. We encourage researchers with data from other cultures to emulate our methodological approach, to map any cultural variability in the manifestation of autism spectrum disorder and the broader autism phenotype. This would be especially valuable given the ongoing revision of the International Classification of Diseases-11th Edition, the most global of the diagnostic manuals.

Future affective technology for autism and emotion communication

PubMed Central

Picard, Rosalind W.

2009-01-01

People on the autism spectrum often experience states of emotional or cognitive overload that pose challenges to their interests in learning and communicating. Measurements taken from home and school environments show that extreme overload experienced internally, measured as autonomic nervous system (ANS) activation, may not be visible externally: a person can have a resting heart rate twice the level of non-autistic peers, while outwardly appearing calm and relaxed. The chasm between what is happening on the inside and what is seen on the outside, coupled with challenges in speaking and being pushed to perform, is a recipe for a meltdown that may seem to come ‘out of the blue’, but in fact may have been steadily building. Because ANS activation both influences and is influenced by efforts to process sensory information, interact socially, initiate motor activity, produce meaningful speech and more, deciphering the dynamics of ANS states is important for understanding and helping people on the autism spectrum. This paper highlights advances in technology that can comfortably sense and communicate ANS arousal in daily life, allowing new kinds of investigations to inform the science of autism while also providing personalized feedback to help individuals who participate in the research. PMID:19884152

Autism

MedlinePlus

... Staying Safe Videos for Educators Search English Español Autism KidsHealth / For Teens / Autism What's in this article? ... With Autism? Print en español Autismo What Is Autism? Autism (also called "autism spectrum disorder") is a ...

7 CFR 2502.8 - Pre-award, award, and post-award procedures and administration of grants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... (ACE) GRANTS PROGRAM Grant Applications and Administration § 2502.8 Pre-award, award, and post-award... CFR part 2500, subparts A, B, C, D, and E. (b) For purposes of the ACE Grants Program, the provisions...

7 CFR 2502.8 - Pre-award, award, and post-award procedures and administration of grants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... (ACE) GRANTS PROGRAM Grant Applications and Administration § 2502.8 Pre-award, award, and post-award... CFR part 2500, subparts A, B, C, D, and E. (b) For purposes of the ACE Grants Program, the provisions...

7 CFR 2502.8 - Pre-award, award, and post-award procedures and administration of grants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... (ACE) GRANTS PROGRAM Grant Applications and Administration § 2502.8 Pre-award, award, and post-award... CFR part 2500, subparts A, B, C, D, and E. (b) For purposes of the ACE Grants Program, the provisions...

23 CFR 635.114 - Award of contract and concurrence in award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... TRAFFIC OPERATIONS CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE Contract Procedures § 635.114 Award of contract and concurrence in award. (a) Federal-aid contracts shall be awarded only on the basis of the lowest responsive... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Award of contract and concurrence in award. 635.114...

Linguistic and Cognitive Abilities in Children with Specific Language Impairment as Compared to Children with High-Functioning Autism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schaeffer, Jeannette

2018-01-01

This study investigates the question as to whether and how the linguistic and other cognitive abilities of children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) differ from those of children with High-Functioning Autism (HFA). To this end, 27 Dutch-speaking elementary-school-age children with SLI, 27 age-matched children with HFA, and a control group…

Web-Based Student Feedback: Comparing Teaching-Award and Research-Award Recipients

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Symbaluk, Diane G.; Howell, Andrew J.

2010-01-01

We examined web-based ratings and open-ended comments of teaching-award winners (n = 120) and research-award winners (n = 119) to determine if teaching-award winners received more favourable ratings and comments on RateMyProfessors.com. As predicted, students rated teaching-award winners higher than research-award winners on measures of teaching…

Brief Report: The Feasibility and Effectiveness of an Advocacy Program for Latino Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burke, Meghan M.; Magaña, Sandra; Garcia, Marlene; Mello, Maria P.

2016-01-01

Latino, Spanish-speaking families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face unique barriers in special education advocacy. Although advocacy programs are becoming more common in the United States, none of these programs target Latino families. This is a pilot study to examine the feasibility and effectiveness of an advocacy program for…

Parent involvement in school: English speaking versus Spanish speaking families.

PubMed

Lee, Sang Min; Thorn, Antoinette; Bloomdahl, Susana Contreras; Ha, Jung Hee; Nam, Suk Kyung; Lee, Jayoung

2012-07-01

The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationships between three predictor variables (attitude toward school, parent-child communication, and school commitment action) and the criterion variable (parent involvement) in a representative sample and to examine if these relationships were consistent across three groups (English speaking Caucasian family, English speaking Latino family, and Spanish speaking Latino families). Using a national database (N = 9.841), multi-group SEM analyses were conducted to investigate the relationship between three predictor variables and the criterion variable in three family groups. While all three predictor variables significantly predicted parent involvement in English speaking Caucasian and Latino families, only two variables (parent-child communication and school commitment actions), significantly predicted parent involvement in Spanish speaking Latino families. The results of this study suggest that when administrators, teachers and counselors in school strive to share specific school-related information with Latino families, Spanish speaking families are more likely to become involved with schools.

Satisfaction With Communication In Primary Care For Spanish-Speaking And English-Speaking Parents

PubMed Central

Flower, Kori B.; Skinner, Asheley C.; Yin, H. Shonna; Rothman, Russell L.; Sanders, Lee M.; Delamater, Alan; Perrin, Eliana M.

2017-01-01

Background and Objective Effective communication with primary care physicians is important yet incompletely understood for Spanish-speaking parents. We predicted lower satisfaction among Spanish-speaking compared with English-speaking Latino and non-Latino parents. Methods Cross-sectional analysis at 2-month well visits within the Greenlight study at 4 pediatric resident clinics. Parents reported satisfaction with 14 physician communication items using the validated Communication Assessment Tool (CAT). High satisfaction was defined as “excellent” on each CAT item. Mean estimations compared satisfaction for communication items among Spanish and English-speaking Latinos and non-Latinos. We used generalized linear regression modeling, adjusted for parent age, education, income, and clinic site. Among Spanish-speaking parents, we compared visits conducted in Spanish with and without an interpreter, and in English. Results Compared with English-speaking Latino (N=127) and non-Latino parents (N=432), fewer Spanish-speaking parents (N=303) reported satisfaction with 14 communication items. No significant differences were found between English-speaking Latinos and non-Latinos. Greatest differences were found in: greeting that made the parent comfortable (59.4% of Spanish-speaking Latinos endorsing “Excellent” vs. 77.5% English-speaking Latinos, p<0.01) and discussing follow-up (62.5% of Spanish-speaking Latinos vs. 79.8% English-speaking Latinos, p<0.01). After adjusting for parent age, education, income, and study site, Spanish-speaking Latinos were still less likely to report high satisfaction with these communication items. Satisfaction was not different among Spanish-speaking parents when the physician spoke Spanish versus used an interpreter. Conclusions Satisfaction with physician communication was associated with language, but not ethnicity. Spanish-speaking parents less frequently report satisfaction with communication, and innovative solutions to enhance

Satisfaction With Communication in Primary Care for Spanish-Speaking and English-Speaking Parents.

PubMed

Flower, Kori B; Skinner, Asheley C; Yin, H Shonna; Rothman, Russell L; Sanders, Lee M; Delamater, Alan; Perrin, Eliana M

Effective communication with primary care physicians is important yet incompletely understood for Spanish-speaking parents. We predicted lower satisfaction among Spanish-speaking compared to English-speaking Latino and non-Latino parents. Cross-sectional analysis at 2-month well visits within the Greenlight study at 4 pediatric resident clinics. Parents reported satisfaction with 14 physician communication items using the validated Communication Assessment Tool (CAT). High satisfaction was defined as "excellent" on each CAT item. Mean estimations compared satisfaction for communication items among Spanish- and English-speaking Latinos and non-Latinos. We used generalized linear regression modeling, adjusted for parent age, education, income, and clinic site. Among Spanish-speaking parents, we compared visits conducted in Spanish with and without an interpreter, and in English. Compared to English-speaking Latino (n = 127) and non-Latino parents (n = 432), fewer Spanish-speaking parents (n = 303) reported satisfaction with 14 communication items. No significant differences were found between English-speaking Latinos and non-Latinos. Greatest differences were found in the use of a greeting that made the parent comfortable (59.4% of Spanish-speaking Latinos endorsing "excellent" vs 77.5% English-speaking Latinos, P < .01) and discussing follow-up (62.5% of Spanish-speaking Latinos vs 79.8% English-speaking Latinos, P < .01). After adjusting for parent age, education, income, and study site, Spanish-speaking Latinos were still less likely to report high satisfaction with these communication items. Satisfaction was not different among Spanish-speaking parents when the physician spoke Spanish versus used an interpreter. Satisfaction with physician communication was associated with language but not ethnicity. Spanish-speaking parents less frequently report satisfaction with communication, and innovative solutions to enhance communication quality are needed

Speaking and Speaking Education as Physical Process in Turkish Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kurudayioglu, Mehmet

2011-01-01

Speaking is sending the message which is desired to be transferred to another one with vocal organs and produced by complicated operations in the brain. Speaking, which is a complicated process, is the most common and important means of communication among people. Speaking, which has essential place both individually and socially, affects success…

A scoring strategy combining statistics and functional genomics supports a possible role for common polygenic variation in autism

PubMed Central

Carayol, Jérôme; Schellenberg, Gerard D.; Dombroski, Beth; Amiet, Claire; Génin, Bérengère; Fontaine, Karine; Rousseau, Francis; Vazart, Céline; Cohen, David; Frazier, Thomas W.; Hardan, Antonio Y.; Dawson, Geraldine; Rio Frio, Thomas

2014-01-01

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are highly heritable complex neurodevelopmental disorders with a 4:1 male: female ratio. Common genetic variation could explain 40–60% of the variance in liability to autism. Because of their small effect, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have only identified a small number of individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). To increase the power of GWASs in complex disorders, methods like convergent functional genomics (CFG) have emerged to extract true association signals from noise and to identify and prioritize genes from SNPs using a scoring strategy combining statistics and functional genomics. We adapted and applied this approach to analyze data from a GWAS performed on families with multiple children affected with autism from Autism Speaks Autism Genetic Resource Exchange (AGRE). We identified a set of 133 candidate markers that were localized in or close to genes with functional relevance in ASD from a discovery population (545 multiplex families); a gender specific genetic score (GS) based on these common variants explained 1% (P = 0.01 in males) and 5% (P = 8.7 × 10−7 in females) of genetic variance in an independent sample of multiplex families. Overall, our work demonstrates that prioritization of GWAS data based on functional genomics identified common variants associated with autism and provided additional support for a common polygenic background in autism. PMID:24600472

Measuring Anxiety as a Treatment Endpoint in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder

PubMed Central

Lecavalier, Luc; Wood, Jeffrey J.; Halladay, Alycia K.; Jones, Nancy E.; Aman, Michael G.; Cook, Edwin H.; Handen, Benjamin L.; King, Bryan H.; Pearson, Deborah A.; Hallett, Victoria; Sullivan, Katherine Anne; Grondhuis, Sabrina; Bishop, Somer L.; Horrigan, Joseph P.; Dawson, Geraldine; Scahill, Lawrence

2013-01-01

Despite the high rate of anxiety in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), measuring anxiety in ASD is fraught with uncertainty. This is due, in part, to incomplete consensus on the manifestations of anxiety in this population. Autism Speaks assembled a panel of experts to conduct a systematic review of available measures for anxiety in youth with ASD. To complete the review, the panel held monthly conference calls and two face-to-face meetings over a fourteen-month period. Thirty eight published studies were reviewed and ten assessment measures were examined: four were deemed appropriate for use in clinical trials, although with conditions; three were judged to be potentially appropriate, while three were considered not useful for clinical trials assessing anxiety. Despite recent advances, additional relevant, reliable and valid outcome measures are needed to evaluate treatments for anxiety in ASD. PMID:24158679

Physical maltreatment of children with autism in Henan province in China: A cross-sectional study.

PubMed

Duan, Guiqin; Chen, Jingqi; Zhang, Wenjing; Yu, Buyi; Jin, Yanqin; Wang, Yazhe; Yao, Meiling

2015-10-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of child physical maltreatment (CPM) in children with autism aged 2-5 years in Henan province (China), and to explore the risk factors for severe CPM in these children. This cross-sectional study was performed at the Psychology Clinic of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between September 2012 and September 2013 with 180 parents of children with autism. Children and parents had no history of any cognitive therapy. The childhood autism rating scale (CARS) was used to evaluate the severity of autism in children. Data on parental CPM during the past 3 months were collected from parental self-reporting. Logistic regression was used to investigate the risk factors of severe CPM. CPM was self-reported by 88% of the parents of children with autism. One hundred and fifty four of these cases were in the minor CPM group (86%) and 64 in the severe CPM group (36%). Most cases of severe CPM were unlikely to have caused injury. Univariate analyses showed that child's age (p=.018), age started to speak (p=.043) and CARS score (p=.048) were associated with severe CPM. Child's age (p=.011) and CARS score (p=.041) were independently associated with severe CPM. The risk of severe CPM increased with age and CARS score. Our findings showed that CPM is widespread in families of children with autism in Central China and more knowledge should be provided to parents of children with autism, particularly in cases of severe autism (those with high CARS scores). Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Children's Book Awards Annual 1998.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berman, Matt; Dupuy, Marigny J.

This publication reviews the books from the major national children's book awards and lists. The following awards are covered: John Newberry Awards, Randolph Caldecott Awards, Coretta Scott King Awards, Mildred L. Batchelder Awards, Pura Belpre, Boston Globe-Horn Book Award, and the National Book Award for Young People's Literature. The lists are…

Measuring social communication behaviors as a treatment endpoint in individuals with autism spectrum disorder.

PubMed

Anagnostou, Evdokia; Jones, Nancy; Huerta, Marisela; Halladay, Alycia K; Wang, Paul; Scahill, Lawrence; Horrigan, Joseph P; Kasari, Connie; Lord, Cathy; Choi, Dennis; Sullivan, Katherine; Dawson, Geraldine

2015-07-01

Social communication impairments are a core deficit in autism spectrum disorder. Social communication deficit is also an early indicator of autism spectrum disorder and a factor in long-term outcomes. Thus, this symptom domain represents a critical treatment target. Identifying reliable and valid outcome measures for social communication across a range of treatment approaches is essential. Autism Speaks engaged a panel of experts to evaluate the readiness of available measures of social communication for use as outcome measures in clinical trials. The panel held monthly conference calls and two face-to-face meetings over 14 months. Key criteria used to evaluate measures included the relevance to the clinical target, coverage of the symptom domain, and psychometric properties (validity and reliability, as well as evidence of sensitivity to change). In all, 38 measures were evaluated and 6 measures were considered appropriate for use, with some limitations. This report discusses the relative strengths and weaknesses of existing social communication measures for use in clinical trials and identifies specific areas in need of further development. © The Author(s) 2014.

7 CFR 2903.17 - Award document and notice of award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Award document and notice of award. 2903.17 Section 2903.17 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) OFFICE OF ENERGY POLICY AND NEW USES, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE BIODIESEL FUEL EDUCATION PROGRAM Award Administration § 2903...

7 CFR 2903.17 - Award document and notice of award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Award document and notice of award. 2903.17 Section 2903.17 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) OFFICE OF ENERGY POLICY AND NEW USES, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE BIODIESEL FUEL EDUCATION PROGRAM Award Administration § 2903...

7 CFR 2903.17 - Award document and notice of award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Award document and notice of award. 2903.17 Section 2903.17 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) OFFICE OF ENERGY POLICY AND NEW USES, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE BIODIESEL FUEL EDUCATION PROGRAM Award Administration § 2903...

7 CFR 2903.17 - Award document and notice of award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Award document and notice of award. 2903.17 Section 2903.17 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) OFFICE OF ENERGY POLICY AND NEW USES, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE BIODIESEL FUEL EDUCATION PROGRAM Award Administration § 2903...

7 CFR 2903.17 - Award document and notice of award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Award document and notice of award. 2903.17 Section 2903.17 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) OFFICE OF ENERGY POLICY AND NEW USES, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE BIODIESEL FUEL EDUCATION PROGRAM Award Administration § 2903...

Impaired mTOR Macroautophagy and Neurocognitive Deficits in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-07-01

K01MH096956); The Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative (SFARI) Pilot award (SFARI 40220); DOD award W81XWH-16-1-0263 and DOD W81XWH-15-1-0112...Foundation Autism Research Initiative (SFARI) Pilot award (SFARI 40220) and DOD W81XWH-16-1-0263. Has there been a change in the active other support of...in June 2017: The Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative (SFARI) Pilot award (#345915) Sulzer, PI; Tang, PI Title: “Neuronal

Stennis award

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-04-20

NASA Administrator Charles Bolden (l) and NASA Small Business Programs Associate Administrator Glenn Delgado (r) present NASA's Small Business Administrator's Cup Award to Stennis Space Center in recognition of its stellar small business program for fiscal year 2011. Receiving the award April 20, 2012, are (l to r) Stennis Procurement Office personnel Michelle Stracener and Rob Harris, along with Stennis Space Center Director Patrick Scheuermann. Bolden and Delgado presented the award during an onsite visit April 20.

Bilingualism as Conceptualized and Bilingualism as Lived: A Critical Examination of the Monolingual Socialization of a Child with Autism in a Bilingual Family

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yu, Betty

2016-01-01

This is an ethnographic and discourse analytic case study of a bilingual, minority-language family of a six-year-old child with autism whose family members were committed to speaking English with him. Drawing on "family language policy," the study examines the tensions between the family members' stated beliefs, management efforts, and…

Topical Knowledge in L2 Speaking Assessment: Comparing Independent and Integrated Speaking Test Tasks

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huang, Heng-Tsung Danny; Hung, Shao-Ting Alan; Plakans, Lia

2018-01-01

Integrated speaking test tasks (integrated tasks) provide reading and/or listening input to serve as the basis for test-takers to formulate their oral responses. This study examined the influence of topical knowledge on integrated speaking test performance and compared independent speaking test performance and integrated speaking test performance…

Persuasive Speaking.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scheidel, Thomas M.

This book, for either college or secondary-school speech or rhetoric courses, defines persuasive speaking as essentially a process or activity and discusses the elements which facilitate analyzing that process. Sections deal with (1) the nature and history of persuasive speaking, especially classical and modern canons of rhetoric, (2) the…

Autism: Diagnosis

MedlinePlus

... Resources Treatment Options Family Issues Autism Friendly Community Inclusion Future Planning How the Autism Society can Help ... Resources Treatment Options Family Issues Autism Friendly Community Inclusion Future Planning How the Autism Society can Help ...

How are they doing? Listening as fathers of children with autism spectrum disorder compare themselves to fathers of children who are typically developing.

PubMed

Cheuk, Samantha; Lashewicz, Bonnie

2016-04-01

The growing prevalence of autism spectrum disorder is accompanied by ongoing efforts to understand and support parents in the face of challenges related to their child's autism spectrum disorder. Although fathers are increasingly hands-on in raising children, research focus on parenting children with autism spectrum disorder continues to be skewed toward experiences of mothers. Our purpose in this article is to contribute understandings of how fathers of children with autism spectrum disorder perceive themselves to be managing, and we undertake this by examining comparisons fathers of children with autism spectrum disorder make between their parenting experiences and experiences of fathers of typically developing children. A purposive sample of 28 fathers of children (aged 2-13 years) with autism spectrum disorder living in an urban center in Western Canada participated in in-depth interviews about their parenting successes and challenges. We found fathers speak of universal fathering experiences yet articulate their own sense of loss and efforts to come to terms with unanticipated demands associated with autism spectrum disorder. Fathers of children with autism spectrum disorder feel "pangs of jealousy" toward fathers of typically developing children, yet they are keenly attentive to their own child's development and convey a sense of gratitude for their child's capabilities and personality amidst an appreciation for trials and triumphs of fathering in general and fathering a child with autism spectrum disorder in particular. © The Author(s) 2015.

Education as Invitation to Speak: On the Teacher Who Does Not Speak

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vansieleghem, Nancy; Masschelein, Jan

2012-01-01

As a response to "Le Fils," a film directed by the Dardenne brothers, we explore the idea of speaking as an invitation and juxtapose it against ideas of speaking as a transactional, calculative, calibrated, activity. Speaking tends to be understood as a relatively straightforward matter: as a means of communication structured by such values as the…

SpeakApps 2: Speaking Practice in a Foreign Language through ICT Tools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Appel, Christine; Nic Giolla Mhichíl, Mairéad; Jager, Sake; Prizel-Kania, Adriana

2014-01-01

SpeakApps 2 is a project with support of the Lifelong Learning Programme, Accompanying Measures. It follows up on the work and results reached during the KA2 project "SpeakApps: Oral production and interaction in a foreign language through ICT tools". The overarching aim of SpeakApps 2 is to further enhance Europeans' language learning…

Teaching Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bleistein, T.; Smith, M. K.; Lewis, M.

2013-01-01

To meet the needs of students, teachers of oral English have three main tasks: find out all they can about how speaking works, look for ways to introduce their classes to the language of conversation, and provide students with opportunities to practice speaking English. This book covers these three tasks in an easy-to-follow guide that language…

Student Satisfaction with EFL Speaking Classes: Relating Speaking Self-Efficacy and Skills Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Asakereh, Ahmad; Dehghannezhad, Maliheh

2015-01-01

This study investigated the relationship between student satisfaction with speaking classes, speaking skills self-efficacy beliefs, and speaking skills achievement. To this end, one hundred Iranian EFL undergraduate students filled out two questionnaires; a research-made and pilot-tested questionnaire for student satisfaction with speaking…

Speaking of Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Larmer, John; Mergendoller, John R.

2013-01-01

From the early elementary grades through high school, the Common Core State Standards ask students to organize and explain their ideas in oral presentations, use visual aids, and speak appropriately for various contexts and tasks. Although teachers could give assignments that teach some of these skills in isolation, the authors have found that…

Speaking Activities and Reading.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ediger, Marlow

Pupils who are far along in their speaking vocabularies tend to do well in reading. This paper includes numerous speaking activities that bolster pupils' oral communication: the including use of puppets, role playing, committee endeavors, oral reports, oral reading, extemporaneous speaking, and giving directions. Additional experiences for pupils…

Fathers Speak: The Lived Experiences of Fathers of Adolescents with Autism Regarding Transition Planning for Their Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Varvisotis, Stathene

2014-01-01

This phenomenological study examined the lived experiences of fathers of adolescent sons with autism spectrum disorders as they transitioned out of school and into the postsecondary environment. Current research is lacking regarding the experiences of fathers; some researchers have described fathers as an afterthought when discussing the…

NREL to Receive R & D 100 Awards at Annual Awards Ceremony | News | NREL

Science.gov Websites

5 » NREL to Receive R & D 100 Awards at Annual Awards Ceremony News Release: NREL to Receive R Energy's (DOE) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) will receive two R&D 100 awards during a black tie awards ceremony hosted by Research & Development (R&D) Magazine on Oct. 20 at

31 CFR 20.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Award. 20.605 Section 20.605 Money...-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 20.605 Award. Award means an award of financial... award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu...

31 CFR 20.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Award. 20.605 Section 20.605 Money...-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 20.605 Award. Award means an award of financial... award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu...

31 CFR 20.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Award. 20.605 Section 20.605 Money...-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 20.605 Award. Award means an award of financial... award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu...

31 CFR 20.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Award. 20.605 Section 20.605 Money...-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 20.605 Award. Award means an award of financial... award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu...

31 CFR 20.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Award. 20.605 Section 20.605 Money...-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 20.605 Award. Award means an award of financial... award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu...

32 CFR 644.118 - Awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... court awards (including jury or commission awards) where such awards do not exceed the highest testimony... Commissioner's Report, court award or jury verdict. This recommendation should include a discussion of any...

Facets of Speaking Proficiency

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Jong, Nivja H.; Steinel, Margarita P.; Florijn, Arjen F.; Schoonen, Rob; Hulstijn, Jan H.

2012-01-01

This study examined the componential structure of second-language (L2) speaking proficiency. Participants--181 L2 and 54 native speakers of Dutch--performed eight speaking tasks and six tasks tapping nine linguistic skills. Performance in the speaking tasks was rated on functional adequacy by a panel of judges and formed the dependent variable in…

@NASA Wins Shorty Award

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-04-10

A Shorty Award is seen Wednesday, April 10, 2013 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. NASA's official Twitter feed, @NASA, has won its second consecutive Shorty award for the best government use of social media. The Shorty Award honors the best of social media across sites such as Twitter, Facebook, Tumblr, YouTube, Foursquare and others. NASA took the prize Monday, April 8, at the fifth Shorty Awards ceremony in New York. The @NASA acceptance tweet was, "We're sharing the universe 1 tweet at a time. Be inspired! Follow @NASA & RT if you love science & space. #ShortyAwards." Photo Credit: (NASA/Carla Cioffi)

U.S. EPA SBIR Award Recipient Receives 2015 Tibbetts Award

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Precision Combustion Inc. (PCI), an EPA SBIR award recipient , received the 2015 Tibbetts Award for developing and manufacturing advanced performance catalytic reactors and systems for energy, defense and environmental applications.

The Lashley Award.

PubMed

Dewsbury, Donald A

2006-06-01

The Karl Spencer Lashley Award for Distinguished Achievement in the Neurosciences has been bestowed upon 50 of the world's leading neuroscientists of the last half century but is not well known. It originated in 1953 when Lashley accumulated excess stock holdings and established a Fund for Neurobiology with 52,000 dollars to provide small grants for neurobiological research. Several years later the assets were transferred to the American Philosophical Society to administer and convert to an award for achievement in neurobiology The nature, amount, and format of the award have evolved ever since. These changes in the award and the characteristics of its recipients are described.

A meta-analysis of single case research studies on aided augmentative and alternative communication systems with individuals with autism spectrum disorders.

PubMed

Ganz, Jennifer B; Earles-Vollrath, Theresa L; Heath, Amy K; Parker, Richard I; Rispoli, Mandy J; Duran, Jaime B

2012-01-01

Many individuals with autism cannot speak or cannot speak intelligibly. A variety of aided augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) approaches have been investigated. Most of the research on these approaches has been single-case research, with small numbers of participants. The purpose of this investigation was to meta-analyze the single case research on the use of aided AAC with individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Twenty-four single-case studies were analyzed via an effect size measure, the Improvement Rate Difference (IRD). Three research questions were investigated concerning the overall impact of AAC interventions on targeted behavioral outcomes, effects of AAC interventions on individual targeted behavioral outcomes, and effects of three types of AAC interventions. Results indicated that, overall, aided AAC interventions had large effects on targeted behavioral outcomes in individuals with ASD. AAC interventions had positive effects on all of the targeted behavioral outcome; however, effects were greater for communication skills than other categories of skills. Effects of the Picture Exchange Communication System and speech-generating devices were larger than those for other picture-based systems, though picture-based systems did have small effects.

Communication Deficits and the Motor System: Exploring Patterns of Associations in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

PubMed

Mody, M; Shui, A M; Nowinski, L A; Golas, S B; Ferrone, C; O'Rourke, J A; McDougle, C J

2017-01-01

Many children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have notable difficulties in motor, speech and language domains. The connection between motor skills (oral-motor, manual-motor) and speech and language deficits reported in other developmental disorders raises important questions about a potential relationship between motor skills and speech-language deficits in ASD. To this end, we examined data from children with ASD (n = 1781), 2-17 years of age, enrolled in the Autism Speaks-Autism Treatment Network (AS-ATN) registry who completed a multidisciplinary evaluation that included diagnostic, physical, cognitive and behavioral assessments as part of a routine standard of care protocol. After adjusting for age, non-verbal IQ, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) medication use, and muscle tone, separate multiple linear regression analyses revealed significant positive associations of fine motor skills (FM) with both expressive language (EL) and receptive language (RL) skills in an impaired FM subgroup; in contrast, the impaired gross motor (GM) subgroup showed no association with EL but a significant negative association with RL. Similar analyses between motor skills and interpersonal relationships across the sample found both GM skills and FM skills to be associated with social interactions. These results suggest potential differences in the contributions of fine versus gross motor skills to autistic profiles and may provide another lens with which to view communication differences across the autism spectrum for use in treatment interventions.

Wheels Shorty Award

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-03-30

A Shorty Award is seen Wednesday, March 30, 2011 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. The award was presented to NASA astronaut Doug Wheelock for an image of the moon he took and posted to his Twitter account, @Astro_Wheels, while living aboard the International Space Station last year. The awards ceremony was held at the TimesCenter in New York City on Monday, March 28. Photo Credit: (NASA/Paul E. Alers)

"Communities" in community engagement: lessons learned from autism research in South Korea and South Africa.

PubMed

Grinker, Roy Richard; Chambers, Nola; Njongwe, Nono; Lagman, Adrienne E; Guthrie, Whitney; Stronach, Sheri; Richard, Bonnie O; Kauchali, Shuaib; Killian, Beverley; Chhagan, Meera; Yucel, Fikri; Kudumu, Mwenda; Barker-Cummings, Christie; Grether, Judith; Wetherby, Amy M

2012-06-01

Little research has been conducted on behavioral characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from diverse cultures within the US, or from countries outside of the US or Europe, with little reliable information yet reported from developing countries. We describe the process used to engage diverse communities in ASD research in two community-based research projects-an epidemiologic investigation of 7- to 12-year olds in South Korea and the Early Autism Project, an ASD detection program for 18- to 36-month-old Zulu-speaking children in South Africa. Despite the differences in wealth between these communities, ASD is underdiagnosed in both settings, and generally not reported in clinical or educational records. Moreover, in both countries, there is low availability of services. In both cases, local knowledge helped researchers to address both ethnographic as well as practical problems. Researchers identified the ways in which these communities generate and negotiate the cultural meanings of developmental disorders. Researchers incorporated that knowledge, as they engaged communities in a research protocol, adapted and translated screening and diagnostic tools, and developed methods for screening, evaluating, and diagnosing children with ASD. © 2012 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Autism Training Sourcebook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Indiana Univ., Bloomington. Indiana Resource Center for Autism.

This collection of articles and bibliographies provides a comprehensive guide to autism. Section 1 presents general information on autism such as characteristics, myths and facts about autism, factors associated with autism, and diagnostic criteria for autism and Asperger's disorder. Section 2, on the family, addresses such aspects as the…

Concerns and considerations among caregivers of a child with autism in Qatar.

PubMed

Kheir, Nadir M; Ghoneim, Ola M; Sandridge, Amy L; Hayder, Sara A; Al-Ismail, Muna S; Al-Rawi, Fadhila

2012-07-06

Autism impacts the lives of the family looking after a child with the condition in different ways, and forces family members to modify their daily lives to suit their reality. To our knowledge, no previous research investigated concern and considerations of parents/caregivers of children with autism in Qatar or the Arabic speaking Middle Eastern region. Caregivers of a child who was between the age of 3 to 17 years old at the time of the study and who was diagnosed with ASD (Autistic Group or AG) were recruited from the two main developmental pediatric and children rehabilitation clinics in Qatar. The control group (non-autism group, or NAG) was represented by caregivers of a non-autistic child between the age of 3 to 17 years old at the time of the study and who were visiting a family clinic of a primary health care facility for routine medical check-up. Data collected from both groups included related to the child (e.g. the child's date of birth, his/her relation to the caregiver, number of siblings, number of hours of sleep in a day, number of hours spent watching television or videos prior to age 3, time spent indoors prior to age 3, absenteeism from school, and use of a nanny to care for the child) and to the caregiver (education level, profession, level of consanguinity using the phylogram method). In addition to these questions, caregivers in the AG were asked specific questions around maternal concern and considerations in respect to the future of their children and the specialized services they receive. Children in the autism group spent more time indoors, watching television, or sleeping than children in the non-autism group. Only around 40% of caregivers in the autism group said they would encourage their child to get married and become a parent when s/he grows up. A number of caregivers of children with autism frequently utilize specialized rehabilitation services; others did express their needs for these services and made comments about having to wait

Concerns and considerations among caregivers of a child with autism in Qatar

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background Autism impacts the lives of the family looking after a child with the condition in different ways, and forces family members to modify their daily lives to suit their reality. To our knowledge, no previous research investigated concern and considerations of parents/caregivers of children with autism in Qatar or the Arabic speaking Middle Eastern region. Methods Caregivers of a child who was between the age of 3 to17 years old at the time of the study and who was diagnosed with ASD (Autistic Group or AG) were recruited from the two main developmental pediatric and children rehabilitation clinics in Qatar. The control group (non-autism group, or NAG) was represented by caregivers of a non-autistic child between the age of 3 to 17 years old at the time of the study and who were visiting a family clinic of a primary health care facility for routine medical check-up. Data collected from both groups included related to the child (e.g. the child’s date of birth, his/her relation to the caregiver, number of siblings, number of hours of sleep in a day, number of hours spent watching television or videos prior to age 3, time spent indoors prior to age 3, absenteeism from school, and use of a nanny to care for the child) and to the caregiver (education level, profession, level of consanguinity using the phylogram method). In addition to these questions, caregivers in the AG were asked specific questions around maternal concern and considerations in respect to the future of their children and the specialized services they receive. Results Children in the autism group spent more time indoors, watching television, or sleeping than children in the non-autism group. Only around 40% of caregivers in the autism group said they would encourage their child to get married and become a parent when s/he grows up. A number of caregivers of children with autism frequently utilize specialized rehabilitation services; others did express their needs for these services and made

High Functioning Autism.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reed, Vicki

This paper reviews the characteristics and needs of students with high functioning autism. First, it lists 18 common characteristics of autism, then it stresses that autism is defined by the general pattern of characteristics. Next, it discusses how people with high functioning autism differ from those with autism. These differences include higher…

NREL Publications Win Awards

Science.gov Websites

Laboratory earned international awards from the Society for Technical Communications (STC). The awards were part of STC's International Technical Publications Competition. Fifteen publications (including the six international winners) also won awards in STC's Rocky Mountain Chapter's annual Publications, Art & Online

Pre-Award Administrators Are from Pluto: Post-Award Administrators Are from Saturn, Or Are They?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Spina, Mary T.

2000-01-01

An experienced research administrator who has worked in both pre-award and post-award administrative roles offers her perspectives of both sides and suggests that a smooth relationship between pre-award and post-award research administrators is critical to the conduct of research. (DB)

42 CFR 66.106 - Awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Awards. 66.106 Section 66.106 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES FELLOWSHIPS, INTERNSHIPS, TRAINING NATIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE AWARDS Direct Awards § 66.106 Awards. (a) Within the limits of funds available, the...

42 CFR 66.106 - Awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Awards. 66.106 Section 66.106 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES FELLOWSHIPS, INTERNSHIPS, TRAINING NATIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE AWARDS Direct Awards § 66.106 Awards. (a) Within the limits of funds available, the...

42 CFR 66.106 - Awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Awards. 66.106 Section 66.106 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES FELLOWSHIPS, INTERNSHIPS, TRAINING NATIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE AWARDS Direct Awards § 66.106 Awards. (a) Within the limits of funds available, the...

42 CFR 66.106 - Awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Awards. 66.106 Section 66.106 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES FELLOWSHIPS, INTERNSHIPS, TRAINING NATIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE AWARDS Direct Awards § 66.106 Awards. (a) Within the limits of funds available, the...

Climate Leadership Award for Excellence in GHG Management (Goal Achievement Award)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Apply to the Climate Leadership Award for Excellence in GHG Management (Goal Achievement Award), which publicly recognizes organizations that achieve publicly-set aggressive greenhouse gas emissions reduction goals.

42 CFR 66.106 - Awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... RESEARCH SERVICE AWARDS Direct Awards § 66.106 Awards. (a) Within the limits of funds available, the...) Whose proposed research or training would, in the judgment of the Secretary, best promote the purposes... need for personnel in the subject area of the proposed research or training. (b) In making Awards, the...

Autism and Genes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Institutes of Health, 2005

2005-01-01

This document defines and discusses autism and how genes play a role in the condition. Answers to the following questions are covered: (1) What are genes? (2) What is autism? (3) What causes autism? (4) Why study genes to learn about autism? (5) How do researchers look for the genes involved in autism? (screen the whole genome; conduct cytogenetic…

Accounting for the listener: comparing the production of contrastive intonation in typically-developing speakers and speakers with autism.

PubMed

Kaland, Constantijn; Swerts, Marc; Krahmer, Emiel

2013-09-01

The present research investigates what drives the prosodic marking of contrastive information. For example, a typically developing speaker of a Germanic language like Dutch generally refers to a pink car as a "PINK car" (accented words in capitals) when a previously mentioned car was red. The main question addressed in this paper is whether contrastive intonation is produced with respect to the speaker's or (also) the listener's perspective on the preceding discourse. Furthermore, this research investigates the production of contrastive intonation by typically developing speakers and speakers with autism. The latter group is investigated because people with autism are argued to have difficulties accounting for another person's mental state and exhibit difficulties in the production and perception of accentuation and pitch range. To this end, utterances with contrastive intonation are elicited from both groups and analyzed in terms of function and form of prosody using production and perception measures. Contrary to expectations, typically developing speakers and speakers with autism produce functionally similar contrastive intonation as both groups account for both their own and their listener's perspective. However, typically developing speakers use a larger pitch range and are perceived as speaking more dynamically than speakers with autism, suggesting differences in their use of prosodic form.

How autism became autism

PubMed Central

Evans, Bonnie

2013-01-01

This article argues that the meaning of the word ‘autism’ experienced a radical shift in the early 1960s in Britain which was contemporaneous with a growth in epidemiological and statistical studies in child psychiatry. The first part of the article explores how ‘autism’ was used as a category to describe hallucinations and unconscious fantasy life in infants through the work of significant child psychologists and psychoanalysts such as Jean Piaget, Lauretta Bender, Leo Kanner and Elwyn James Anthony. Theories of autism were then associated both with schizophrenia in adults and with psychoanalytic styles of reasoning. The closure of institutions for ‘mental defectives’ and the growth in speech therapy services in the 1960s and 1970s encouraged new models for understanding autism in infants and children. The second half of the article explores how researchers such as Victor Lotter and Michael Rutter used the category of autism to reconceptualize psychological development in infants and children via epidemiological studies. These historical changes have influenced the form and function of later research into autism and related conditions. PMID:24014081

45 CFR 630.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 630.605 Award. Award means an award of...) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

45 CFR 630.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 630.605 Award. Award means an award of...) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

45 CFR 630.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 630.605 Award. Award means an award of...) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

45 CFR 630.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 630.605 Award. Award means an award of...) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

45 CFR 630.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 630.605 Award. Award means an award of...) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

BHP Billiton Science Teacher Awards

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chittleborough, Gail; Campbell, Coral

2012-01-01

The prestigious BHP Billiton Science Teacher Awards are awarded annually to one teacher from each state of Australia. The awards recognise and value the time and effort that teachers give to the profession and to students conducting scientific research projects. This paper examines the Science Award scheme to identify the characteristics common to…

29 CFR 1472.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 1472.605 Award. Award means an award of financial.... (a) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

29 CFR 1472.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 1472.605 Award. Award means an award of financial.... (a) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

29 CFR 1472.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 1472.605 Award. Award means an award of financial.... (a) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

32 CFR 26.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 26.605 Award. Award means an award of... award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant is...

32 CFR 26.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 26.605 Award. Award means an award of... award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant is...

32 CFR 26.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 26.605 Award. Award means an award of... award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant is...

32 CFR 26.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 26.605 Award. Award means an award of... award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant is...

32 CFR 26.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 26.605 Award. Award means an award of... award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant is...

29 CFR 1472.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 1472.605 Award. Award means an award of financial.... (a) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

29 CFR 1472.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 1472.605 Award. Award means an award of financial.... (a) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

The Neuronal Infrastructure of Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Menenti, Laura; Segaert, Katrien; Hagoort, Peter

2012-01-01

Models of speaking distinguish producing meaning, words and syntax as three different linguistic components of speaking. Nevertheless, little is known about the brain's integrated neuronal infrastructure for speech production. We investigated semantic, lexical and syntactic aspects of speaking using fMRI. In a picture description task, we…

Contract Award on Initial Proposals

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-09-30

3 2. Competition in Contracting Act ... ......... 6 3. Federal Property and Administrative Services Act 10 B. Basic Rules for Award Without...Discussions Before CICA . 11 C. Basic Rules for Award Without Discussions After Passage of CICA .......... ........................ ... 12 D. Award...controlled by statute. This chapter will explore those statutes and their antecedents. The basic rules for awarding contracts without discussions

38 CFR 48.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 48.605 Award. Award means an award of.... (a) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

38 CFR 48.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 48.605 Award. Award means an award of.... (a) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

38 CFR 48.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 48.605 Award. Award means an award of.... (a) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

38 CFR 48.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 48.605 Award. Award means an award of.... (a) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

38 CFR 48.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 48.605 Award. Award means an award of.... (a) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

Hancock County Awards Gala

NASA Image and Video Library

2008-08-26

Gene Goldman (left), deputy director of NASA's John C. Stennis Space Center, accepts an Award of Excellence from Jack Zink, executive director of the Hancock County Port and Harbor Commission, during the 2008 Annual Hancock County Awards Gala. The Award of Excellence was presented to recognize Stennis Space Center's contribution to NASA's 50 years of excellence in space exploration.

Attitudes of the autism community to early autism research.

PubMed

Fletcher-Watson, Sue; Apicella, Fabio; Auyeung, Bonnie; Beranova, Stepanka; Bonnet-Brilhault, Frederique; Canal-Bedia, Ricardo; Charman, Tony; Chericoni, Natasha; Conceição, Inês C; Davies, Kim; Farroni, Teresa; Gomot, Marie; Jones, Emily; Kaale, Anett; Kapica, Katarzyna; Kawa, Rafal; Kylliäinen, Anneli; Larsen, Kenneth; Lefort-Besnard, Jeremy; Malvy, Joelle; Manso de Dios, Sara; Markovska-Simoska, Silvana; Millo, Inbal; Miranda, Natercia; Pasco, Greg; Pisula, Ewa; Raleva, Marija; Rogé, Bernadette; Salomone, Erica; Schjolberg, Synnve; Tomalski, Przemysław; Vicente, Astrid M; Yirmiya, Nurit

2017-01-01

Investigation into the earliest signs of autism in infants has become a significant sub-field of autism research. This work invokes specific ethical concerns such as use of 'at-risk' language, communicating study findings to parents and the future perspective of enrolled infants when they reach adulthood. This study aimed to ground this research field in an understanding of the perspectives of members of the autism community. Following focus groups to identify topics, an online survey was distributed to autistic adults, parents of children with autism and practitioners in health and education settings across 11 European countries. Survey respondents (n = 2317) were positively disposed towards early autism research, and there was significant overlap in their priorities for the field and preferred language to describe infant research participants. However, there were also differences including overall less favourable endorsement of early autism research by autistic adults relative to other groups and a dislike of the phrase 'at-risk' to describe infant participants, in all groups except healthcare practitioners. The findings overall indicate that the autism community in Europe is supportive of early autism research. Researchers should endeavour to maintain this by continuing to take community perspectives into account. © The Author(s) 2016.

Parents Taking Action: A Psycho-Educational Intervention for Latino Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.

PubMed

Magaña, Sandra; Lopez, Kristina; Machalicek, Wendy

2017-03-01

The increased prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among Latino children, later diagnosis, limited access to bicultural specialist support, and worsened health outcomes when compared to non-Latinos points to the need for a culturally relevant parent education intervention. This pilot study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of a culturally derived intervention, Parents Taking Action, for 19 Spanish-speaking mothers of children with ASD. This study introduces the Promotora de Salud Model of intervention delivery to the autism field. A mixed-methods design including one group pre- and posttest design and focus groups was used to evaluate the outcomes of PTA. We found that the intervention was both feasible to implement and acceptable to participants. We also found significant increases in empowerment oriented outcomes for parents between pre- and posttest suggesting that the intervention is promising. Suggestions for future research and practice are offered. © 2015 Family Process Institute.

The history of vaccinations in the light of the autism epidemic.

PubMed

Cave, Stephanie F

2008-01-01

Autism has been characterized as a behavioral disorder since it was first described by Leo Kanner in 1943. The number of autistic children has increased over the last decade. The incidence of autism was 1 in 10000 before the 1970s and has steadily increased to 1 in 150 in 2008 with a male:female predominance of 4:1. The cause of this epidemic has remained unknown, but several hypotheses have been studied. Many of these suggest an environmental trigger, such as the ethyl mercury contained in the preservative thimerosal, which has been used in vaccines since 1931. Other possible triggers associated with vaccinations are chemical toxins and live viruses. James has published studies suggesting a genetic predisposition in the families of autistic children, exposing them to a deficiency in glutathione and an inability to detoxify heavy metals. Vargas has shown autism to encompass ongoing inflammation in the brains of autistic children. The Hannah Poling vaccine decision was a landmark case. Poling's family was awarded funds for ongoing medical care of an autistic child who was found to have mitochondrial dysfunction exacerbated by vaccines that left her with autistic behavior and seizures. Several studies have emerged supporting the fact that a significant number of autistic children do have mitochondrial dysfunction. The impact that the Poling case will have on the ability of parents of autistic children to gain access to funds to enable them to properly care for their children remains to be seen.

NanoMech, US EPA SBIR Award Recipient: 2014 Tibbetts Award Winner

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

NanoMech, a EPA SBIR award recipient in 2004 and 2005, received the 2014 Tibbetts Award for its coating technology, which can improve manufacturing processes by extending the life of tools used in automotive and aerospace industries.

Buried by Autism: Older Parents' Perceptions of Autism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hines, Monique; Balandin, Susan; Togher, Leanne

2012-01-01

In this study, we explored older parents' perceptions of their adult sons and daughters with autism in order to gain insights into how parents' beliefs about autism may influence their coping. Narrative analysis of in-depth interviews held with 16 parents aged 60 years and older of adults with autism revealed that these parents perceived that…

The Role of Awards Programs in Stimulating Energy Efficient Behavior: A Study of Award Winners

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

McDermott, Christa; Malone, Elizabeth L.

The value of formal awards programs may be principally in gaining wider recognition for achievements in energy efficiency. But how do these programs contribute to the goal that is presumably behind this value, i.e., stimulating further energy efficient behavior, beyond publicizing the awards ceremonies and describing the projects via websites, posters, and the like? Interviews with 22 individuals and teams of award winners under the Department of Energy Federal Energy Management Program (DOE FEMP) yield insights on the roles that awards programs can play in stimulating energy efficient behavior, especially with regard to institutional dimensions of such behavior. Award winnersmore » identified institutional facilitators and barriers in their projects and programs as well as factors in their implementation processes, thus providing information that can guide other efforts. Although only one of the interviewees affirmed that winning an award was a motivating factor, awards do validate often-hard-won achievements through recognition and, in some cases, additional resources, thus stimulating both the winners themselves and those who see the achievements to further energy-saving activities. Finally, award winners’ responses demonstrated the importance of behavioral and institutional change in energy efficiency.« less

My Hesitation to Speak English

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oda, Naruha

2015-01-01

Even though English was the author's favorite subject, she was not good at speaking in English, and always tried to avoid it. However, it did not matter because she did not have to speak to demonstrate her English ability. After entering university, her lack of confidence in speaking English became a major issue, and other students face the same…

Autism Assets

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sarahan, Neal; Copas, Randy

2014-01-01

The Center for Disease Control estimates that 1 in 88 children have been identified with autism (CDC, 2012). Autism is often associated with other psychiatric, developmental, neurological, and genetic diagnoses. However, the majority (62%) of children identified on the autism spectrum do not have intellectual disability. Instead, they are hurting.…

English-Speaking and Spanish-Speaking Domestic Violence Perpetrators: An MMPI-2 Assessment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scott, Ronald L.; Flowers, John V.; Bulnes, Alejandro; Olmsted, Eileen; Carbajal-Madrid, Pedro

2009-01-01

The use of assessments to characterize domestic violence perpetrators continues to develop with an emphasis on increasing the effectiveness of domestic violence interventions. The present study examines and compares Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)-2 responses from 41 English-speaking and 48 Spanish-speaking men who were in…

Development of Vocabulary in Spanish-Speaking and Cantonese-Speaking English Language Learners

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Uchikoshi, Yuuko

2014-01-01

This study examines vocabulary growth rates in first and second languages for Spanish-speaking and Cantonese-speaking English language learners from kindergarten through second grade. Growth-modeling results show a within-language effect of concepts about print on vocabulary. Language exposure also had an effect on English vocabulary: earlier…

Award-Winning Books: A Selected List for Teens.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dayton, Sandra

1984-01-01

Lists adolescent fiction and nonfiction titles that received Boston Globe/Horn Book Award, Carnegie Medal, Child Study Children's Book Committee at Bank Street College Award, Christopher Award, Edgar Allen Poe Award, Golden Kite Award, Nebula Award, and National Book Award/American Book Award. Each entry includes bibliographic information and…

Prenatal Valproate Exposure and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Childhood Autism

PubMed Central

Christensen, Jakob; Grønborg, Therese Koops; Sørensen, Merete Juul; Schendel, Diana; Parner, Erik Thorlund; Pedersen, Lars Henning; Vestergaard, Mogens

2015-01-01

Importance Valproate is used for the treatment of epilepsy and other neuropsychological disorders and may be the only treatment option for women of childbearing potential. However, prenatal exposure to valproate may increase the risk of autism. Objective To determine whether prenatal exposure to valproate is associated with an increased risk of autism in offspring. Design, Setting, and Participants Population-based study of all children born alive in Denmark from 1996 to 2006. National registers were used to identify children exposed to valproate during pregnancy and diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (childhood autism [autistic disorder], Asperger syndrome, atypical autism, and other or unspecified pervasive developmental disorders). We analyzed the risks associated with all autism spectrum disorders as well as childhood autism. Data were analyzed by Cox regression adjusting for potential confounders (maternal age at conception, paternal age at conception, parental psychiatric history, gestational age, birth weight, sex, congenital malformations, and parity). Children were followed up from birth until the day of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis, death, emigration, or December 31, 2010, whichever came first. Main Outcomes and Measures Absolute risk (cumulative incidence) and the hazard ratio (HR) of autism spectrum disorder and childhood autism in children after exposure to valproate in pregnancy. Results Of 655 615 children born from 1996 through 2006, 5437 were identified with autism spectrum disorder, including 2067 with childhood autism. The mean age of the children at end of follow-up was 8.84 years (range, 4-14; median, 8.85). The estimated absolute risk after 14 years of follow-up was 1.53% (95% CI, 1.47%- 1.58%) for autism spectrum disorder and 0.48% (95% CI, 0.46%-0.51%) for childhood autism. Overall, the 508 children exposed to valproate had an absolute risk of 4.42% (95% CI, 2.59%-7.46%) for autism spectrum disorder (adjusted HR, 2.9 [95% CI, 1

International Humanitarian Award.

PubMed

2016-11-01

The International Humanitarian Award recognizes extraordinary humanitarian services and activism by psychologists, including professional and volunteer work conducted primarily in the field with underserved populations. Award recipients are psychologists who, by their extraordinary service at a difficult time, improve the lives and contribute to the well-being of people in a large or small geographic area anywhere in the world. The 2016 recipient of the APA International Humanitarian Award was selected by the 2015 Committee on International Relations in Psychology (CIRP). The members of the 2015 CIRP were Rehman Abdulrehman, PhD (Chair); Gonzalo Bacigalupe, EdD; Silvia S. Canetto, PhD; Amanda Clinton, PhD; Melissa L. Morgan Consoli, PhD; Chryse G. Hatzichristou, PhD; Arpana G. Inman, PhD; Lori Foster Thompson, PhD; and Danny Wedding, PhD. Dr. Abdulrehman, Dr. Morgan Consoli, Dr. Thompson, and Dr. Wedding were members of the subcommittee for the 2016 award. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

International Humanitarian Award.

PubMed

2017-12-01

The International Humanitarian Award recognizes extraordinary humanitarian services and activism by psychologists, including professional and volunteer work conducted primarily in the field with underserved populations. Award recipients are psychologists who, by their extraordinary service at a difficult time, improve the lives and contribute to the well-being of people in a large or small geographic area anywhere in the world. The 2017 recipient of the APA International Humanitarian Award was selected by the 2016 Committee on International Relations in Psychology (CIRP). The members of the 2016 CIRP were Melissa Morgan Consoli, PhD, and Arpana G. Inman, PhD (Co-chairs); Rehman Abdulrehman, PhD; Gonzalo Bacigalupe, EdD; Frederic Bemak, EdD; Brigitte Khoury, PhD; Susan Nolan, PhD; Nancy Sidun, PsyD; and Danny Wedding, PhD. Dr. Morgan Consoli, Dr. Inman, Dr. Nolan, and Doctor Sidun were members of the subcommittee for the 2017 award. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

Mentor awards

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Showstack, Randy

The Association of Women in Science (AWIS) and the American Indian Science and Engineering Society (AISES) were two of 19 institutions and individuals that received presidential awards for excellence in science, mathematics, and engineering mentoring, on September 11.Neal Lane, Director of the National Science Foundation, says the awards, which include $10,000 grants, recognize “individuals and institutions working to heighten the participation of underrepresented groups in science, mathematics, and engineering.”

Adam's Rage: Children of the Pinelands Speak: The Michael L. Printz Award Winning Novels: Authentic Current Literature as a Catalyst for Increased Student Growth, Motivation and Healing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cecchini, Stephanie Anne

2012-01-01

Young adults deserve our best as parents, educators and community members. The Michael L. Printz award winning books, instituted by the Young Adult Library Association, form a recent grouping of current literature. Novels worthy of the Printz Award explore physical, emotional, and social themes important in the lives of young adults. This library…

5 CFR 534.405 - Performance awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Performance awards. 534.405 Section 534... SYSTEMS Pay and Performance Awards Under the Senior Executive Service § 534.405 Performance awards. (a) This section covers the payment of performance awards to career appointees in the Senior Executive...

5 CFR 534.405 - Performance awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Performance awards. 534.405 Section 534... SYSTEMS Pay and Performance Awards Under the Senior Executive Service § 534.405 Performance awards. (a) This section covers the payment of performance awards to career appointees in the Senior Executive...

5 CFR 534.405 - Performance awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Performance awards. 534.405 Section 534... SYSTEMS Pay and Performance Awards Under the Senior Executive Service § 534.405 Performance awards. (a) This section covers the payment of performance awards to career appointees in the Senior Executive...

5 CFR 534.405 - Performance awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Performance awards. 534.405 Section 534... SYSTEMS Pay and Performance Awards Under the Senior Executive Service § 534.405 Performance awards. (a) This section covers the payment of performance awards to career appointees in the Senior Executive...

5 CFR 534.405 - Performance awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Performance awards. 534.405 Section 534... SYSTEMS Pay and Performance Awards Under the Senior Executive Service § 534.405 Performance awards. (a) This section covers the payment of performance awards to career appointees in the Senior Executive...

An Examination of English Speaking Tests and Research on English Speaking Ability.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nakamura, Yuji

This paper examines both overseas and domestic tests of English speaking ability from the viewpoint of the crucial testing elements such as definition of speaking ability, validity, reliability, and practicality. The paper points out problems to be solved and proposes suggestions for constructing an oral proficiency test in order to determine the…

It looks like autism: caution in diagnosis.

PubMed

Snyder, David M; Miller, Karen; Stein, Martin T

2010-04-01

CASE 1: At 3 years of age, Billy was seen by his pediatrician for a well child visit. Spontaneous speech was limited during the visit. He did not interact with the pediatrician and attempts to play with Billy resulted in oppositional behavior. About 3 months after the visit, Billy's parents requested a developmental evaluation; he was diagnosed with autism by means of an observational measure and a parent interview. Billy was born full term after an uncomplicated labor, delivery and postnatal period. Motor milestones were normal. His parents recalled that he used his finger to point to an object prior to using words. He spoke several single words by his first birthday and used phrases before age 2 years. Billy was described as often having difficulty with transitions, but he is happy and outgoing in familiar situations. At 3 years old, when he started preschool, Billy did not speak to either the teacher or other children. This pattern of refusal to speak persists. His parents report that he talks to them and one uncle using complete sentences with clear speech. Billy prefers to repeat activities and is reluctant to try activities. He frequently plays with the same toy cars placing them in a neat line and becomes upset if things are not done in the same way. An uncle has Asperger syndrome. CASE 2: Juan, a 3 year old Mexican-American boy, was referred by his preschool teacher because "he does not interact with other children or use language at an age-appropriate level." He prefers to play alone, resists participation in group activities at preschool, and does not share as well as other students according to his teacher. Expressive language with speech is rarely seen in preschool. In contrast, at home he plays interactively, shares toys with his older brother and speaks in short, clear sentences. In preschool, English is spoken exclusively. At home, Spanish is the primary language. Prenatal and birth histories were uneventful. Motor and social milestones were achieved

46 CFR 502.409 - Arbitration awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Arbitration awards. 502.409 Section 502.409 Shipping... Alternative Dispute Resolution § 502.409 Arbitration awards. (a)(1) The award in an arbitration proceeding... appeal of an arbitrator's decision may not be filed with the Commission. (b) An award entered in an...

46 CFR 502.409 - Arbitration awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 9 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Arbitration awards. 502.409 Section 502.409 Shipping... Alternative Dispute Resolution § 502.409 Arbitration awards. (a)(1) The award in an arbitration proceeding... appeal of an arbitrator's decision may not be filed with the Commission. (b) An award entered in an...

Fundamental challenges for autism research: the science-practice gap, demarcating autism and the unsuccessful search for the neurobiological basis of autism.

PubMed

Verhoeff, Berend

2015-08-01

One of the central aims of autism research is to identify specific neurodevelopmental mechanisms that cause and explain the visible autistic signs and symptoms. In this short paper, I argue that the persistent search for autism-specific pathophysiologies has two fundamental difficulties. The first regards the growing gap between basic autism science and clinical practice. The second regards the difficulties with demarcating autism as a psychiatric condition. Instead of the unremitting search for the neurobiological basis of autism, I suggest that basic autism research should focus on experiences of impairment and distress, and on how these experiences relate to particular (autistic) behaviors in particular circumstances, regardless of whether we are dealing with an autism diagnosis or not.

The significance and impact of a faculty teaching award: disparate perceptions of department chairs and award recipients.

PubMed

Brawer, James; Steinert, Yvonne; St-Cyr, Julie; Watters, Kevin; Wood-Dauphinee, Sharon

2006-11-01

Teaching awards are commonly regarded as an incentive to encourage pedagogic excellence. Inasmuch as their effectiveness depends on how they are perceived by faculty, the authors investigated the impact of a teaching award in the Faculty of Medicine (Faculty Honor List for Educational Excellence) on the attitudes of award recipients and departmental chairs. A questionnaire was designed to sample opinion on the extent to which the Honor List program was publicized, whether the award contributed to recognition and/or stature in the academic unit, and whether it was personally valued by recipients. The questionnaire was sent to all 23 departmental chairs and to all 43 faculty members who had received the award between 1998 and 2002; 78% of the chairs and 77% of the recipients responded. The results revealed marked discrepancies between the perceptions of chairs and recipients. Chairs, although uncertain of the effect on quality of teaching, largely regarded the award as prestigious and well publicized within their departments. A notably smaller percentage of award recipients shared these views. Nonetheless, 93% of recipients valued the award highly, and 45% of recipients indicated that the award inspired them to enhance the quality of their teaching.

2 CFR 1401.205 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 1401.205 Award. Award means an award of...) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A...: (1) Technical assistance that provides services instead of money. (2) Loans. (3) Loan guarantees. (4...

2 CFR 1401.205 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 1401.205 Award. Award means an award of...) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A...: (1) Technical assistance that provides services instead of money. (2) Loans. (3) Loan guarantees. (4...

2 CFR 1401.205 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 1401.205 Award. Award means an award of...) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A...: (1) Technical assistance that provides services instead of money. (2) Loans. (3) Loan guarantees. (4...

Biomarkers for Autism and for Gastrointestinal and Sleep Problems in Autism

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-10-01

about June 1, 2014. 15. SUBJECT TERMS URINARY MELATONIN , TODDLERS, AUTISM , SLEEP, gastrointestinal 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF...Introduction 4 The objective of the proposed research is to compare the production of melatonin by young children with autism (N=45) to typically... autism , whether there is a subgroup of children with autism having very low excretion; whether low nighttime excretion of melatonin sulfate is

2 CFR 182.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 182.605 Award. Award means an award of... grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or... that provides services instead of money. (2) Loans. (3) Loan guarantees. (4) Interest subsidies. (5...

24 CFR 21.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (GRANTS) Definitions § 21.605 Award. Award means an award of... of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program... include: (1) Technical assistance that provides services instead of money. (2) Loans. (3) Loan guarantees...

2 CFR 182.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 182.605 Award. Award means an award of... grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or... that provides services instead of money. (2) Loans. (3) Loan guarantees. (4) Interest subsidies. (5...

40 CFR 36.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 36.605 Award. Award means an award of...: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2... include: (1) Technical assistance that provides services instead of money. (2) Loans. (3) Loan guarantees...

24 CFR 21.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (GRANTS) Definitions § 21.605 Award. Award means an award of... of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program... include: (1) Technical assistance that provides services instead of money. (2) Loans. (3) Loan guarantees...

2 CFR 175.15 - Award term.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Award term. 175.15 Section 175.15 Grants and... grant or cooperative agreement to a private entity, as defined in § 175.25(d); and (2) A grant or... subawards under the award. 2. We as the Federal awarding agency may unilaterally terminate this award...

2 CFR 175.15 - Award term.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Award term. 175.15 Section 175.15 Grants and... grant or cooperative agreement to a private entity, as defined in § 175.25(d); and (2) A grant or... subawards under the award. 2. We as the Federal awarding agency may unilaterally terminate this award...

Medicine-taking experiences and associated factors: comparison between Arabic-speaking and Caucasian English-speaking patients with Type 2 diabetes.

PubMed

Alzubaidi, H; Mc Mamara, K; Chapman, C; Stevenson, V; Marriott, J

2015-12-01

The aim of this study was to explore and compare medication-taking experiences and associated issues in Arabic-speaking and Caucasian English-speaking patients with Type 2 diabetes in Australia. Various healthcare settings in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia, were purposefully selected to obtain a diverse group of participants with Type 2 diabetes. Recruitment occurred at diabetes outpatient clinics in two tertiary referral hospitals, six primary care practices and ten community centres. Face-to-face semi-structured individual interviews and group interviews were employed. All interviews were audiotaped, transcribed and coded thematically. Data collection continued until saturation was reached. In total, 100 participants were recruited into two groups: 60 were Arabic-speaking and 40 were Caucasian English-speaking. Both groups had similar demographic and clinical characteristics. Only 5% of the Arabic-speaking participants had well-controlled diabetes compared with 17.5% of the participants in the English-speaking group. Arabic-speaking participants actively changed medication regimens on their own without informing their healthcare professionals. Arabic-speaking patients had more knowledge gaps about their prescribed treatments, compared with the English-speaking group. Their use of diabetes medicines was heavily influenced by peers with diabetes and family members; conversely, they feared revealing their diagnosis within the wider Arabic community due to stigma and collective negative social labelling of diabetes. Confidence in non-Arabic-speaking healthcare providers was lacking. Findings yielded new insights into medication-taking practices and associated factors in Arabic-speaking patients with diabetes. It is vital that healthcare professionals working with Arabic-speaking patients adapt their treatment approaches to accommodate different beliefs and views about medicines. © 2015 The Authors. Diabetic Medicine © 2015 Diabetes UK.

2 CFR 3001.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 3001.605 Award. Award means an award of... grant, cooperative agreement or reimbursable agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant is exempted from...

36 CFR 1212.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 1212.605 Award. Award...) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

2 CFR 3001.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 3001.605 Award. Award means an award of... grant, cooperative agreement or reimbursable agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant is exempted from...

36 CFR 1212.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 1212.605 Award. Award...) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

2 CFR 3001.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 3001.605 Award. Award means an award of... grant, cooperative agreement or reimbursable agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant is exempted from...

36 CFR 1212.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 1212.605 Award. Award...) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

36 CFR 1212.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 1212.605 Award. Award...) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

2 CFR 176.210 - Award term-Recovery Act transactions listed in Schedule of Expenditures of Federal Awards and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... in Schedule of Expenditures of Federal Awards and Recipient Responsibilities for Informing... Awards and Recipient Responsibilities for Informing Subrecipients. The award term described in this...,” recipients agree to separately identify the expenditures for Federal awards under the Recovery Act on the...

2 CFR 176.210 - Award term-Recovery Act transactions listed in Schedule of Expenditures of Federal Awards and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... in Schedule of Expenditures of Federal Awards and Recipient Responsibilities for Informing... Awards and Recipient Responsibilities for Informing Subrecipients. The award term described in this...,” recipients agree to separately identify the expenditures for Federal awards under the Recovery Act on the...

2 CFR 176.210 - Award term-Recovery Act transactions listed in Schedule of Expenditures of Federal Awards and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... in Schedule of Expenditures of Federal Awards and Recipient Responsibilities for Informing... Recipients of Recovery Act Funds § 176.210 Award term—Recovery Act transactions listed in Schedule of Expenditures of Federal Awards and Recipient Responsibilities for Informing Subrecipients. The award term...

2 CFR 175.15 - Award term.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Award term. 175.15 Section 175.15 Grants and... section in— (1) A grant or cooperative agreement to a private entity, as defined in § 175.25(d); and (2) A... performance of the award or subawards under the award. 2. We as the Federal awarding agency may unilaterally...

2 CFR 175.15 - Award term.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Award term. 175.15 Section 175.15 Grants and... section in— (1) A grant or cooperative agreement to a private entity, as defined in § 175.25(d); and (2) A... performance of the award or subawards under the award. 2. We as the Federal awarding agency may unilaterally...

1990 Hydrology Prize awarded

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

The International Association of Hydrological Sciences awarded its 1990 International Hydrology Prize to Z. Kaczmarek of Warsaw, Poland. The award was presented on March 16 in Paris, France, during Unesco's Commemorative Symposium on 25 Years of the International Hydrological Decade/International Hydrological Program.The IAHS International Hydrology Prize, a silver medal, was first approved in 1979 as an annual award to a person who has made an outstanding contribution to hydrology and gives the candidate universal recognition of his international stature. The IAHS national committees give nominations to the IAHS Secretary General for consideration by a nominating committee, which consists of the IAHS president, the first and second vice presidents and representatives of Unesco and the World Meteorological Organization. The citation for the award to Kaczmarek, which was given by IAHS president Vit Klemes, follows.

2 CFR 1401.205 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) (Eff. 1-21-2011) Definitions § 1401.205 Award. Award means... award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant is...

Well Spoken: Teaching Speaking to All Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palmer, Erik

2011-01-01

All teachers at all grade levels in all subjects have speaking assignments for students, but many teachers believe they don't know how to teach speaking, and many even fear public speaking themselves. In his new book, "Well Spoken", veteran teacher and education consultant Erik Palmer shares the art of teaching speaking in any classroom. Teachers…

An Assessment of IELTS Speaking Test

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Karim, Shahzad; Haq, Naushaba

2014-01-01

The present study focused on assessing the speaking test of IELTS. The assessment discussed both positive aspects and weaknesses in IELTS speaking module. The researchers had also suggested some possible measures for the improvement in IELTS speaking test and increasing its validity and reliability. The researchers had analysed and assessed IELTS…

Behavioural and Cognitive Phenotypes in Idiopathic Autism versus Autism Associated with Fragile X Syndrome

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dissanayake, Cheryl; Bui, Quang; Bulhak-Paterson, Danuta; Huggins, Richard; Loesch, Danuta Z.

2009-01-01

Background: In order to better understand the underlying biological mechanism/s involved in autism, it is important to investigate the cognitive and behavioural phenotypes associated with idiopathic autism (autism without a known cause) and comorbid autism (autism associated with known genetic/biological disorders such as fragile X syndrome).…

Tag Team Public Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brigance, Linda Czuba

2004-01-01

Designing and presenting a speech is a solitary task. By definition, public speaking involves one person speaking to a group, which sets it apart from other types of communication situations, such as interpersonal and small group communication. Due to the inherently individualistic nature of assignments in the basic course, students rarely profit…

The Effect of a High School Speech Course on Public Speaking Anxiety for Students in a College-Level Public Speaking Class

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Karen Hill

2012-01-01

Literature suggested public speaking is American's most feared activity. Additionally, the public speaking curriculum was removed from the K-12 school system after 2001. This study aimed to examine the effect of previous public speaking instruction, public speaking extra-curricular activity, gender, and self-esteem on public speaking anxiety…

Mechanism of auditory hypersensitivity in human autism using autism model rats.

PubMed

Ida-Eto, Michiru; Hara, Nao; Ohkawara, Takeshi; Narita, Masaaki

2017-04-01

Auditory hypersensitivity is one of the major complications in autism spectrum disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the auditory brain center is affected in autism model rats. Autism model rats were prepared by prenatal exposure to thalidomide on embryonic day 9 and 10 in pregnant rats. The superior olivary complex (SOC), a complex of auditory nuclei, was immunostained with anti-calbindin d28k antibody at postnatal day 50. In autism model rats, SOC immunoreactivity was markedly decreased. Strength of immunostaining of SOC auditory fibers was also weak in autism model rats. Surprisingly, the size of the medial nucleus of trapezoid body, a nucleus exerting inhibitory function in SOC, was significantly decreased in autism model rats. Auditory hypersensitivity may be, in part, due to impairment of inhibitory processing by the auditory brain center. © 2016 Japan Pediatric Society.

Biomarkers for Autism and for Gastrointestinal and Sleep Problems in Autism

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-01

December 31, 2015 so that the findings and presentations of the study can be described. 15. SUBJECT TERMS URINARY MELATONIN , TODDLERS, AUTISM , SLEEP...production of melatonin by young children with autism (N=45) to typically developing children (N=45). Specifically, we will see if the nighttime excretion...rate of melatonin sulfate is markedly lower in the children with autism , whether there is a subgroup of children with autism having very low excretion

40 CFR 35.548 - Award limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Assistance Program (gap) § 35.548 Award limitations. (a) Each grant awarded under the General Assistance... exceed four years. (d) No award under this program shall result in reduction of total EPA grants for...

40 CFR 35.548 - Award limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Assistance Program (gap) § 35.548 Award limitations. (a) Each grant awarded under the General Assistance... exceed four years. (d) No award under this program shall result in reduction of total EPA grants for...

The last SPR dinner awards

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsurutani, Bruce

1992-03-01

Because the Solar-Planetary Relationships section of AGU has officially changed its name to Space Physics and Aeronomy (SPA), the December 10, 1991, section dinner award ceremony at the AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco was the last of the series. Presumably an SPA dinner award series will be started under President-elect Andy Nagy.We have followed our tradition of recognizing the special talents of section members at the annual dinner. This year we had eight awardees. These awards are given in fun and are intended to be humorous. The selection committee defining the awards (the awards are changed regularly to keep people from trying to win one) and selecting the awardees will have to remain anonymous. (The committee is similar to Skull and Bones, but we are politically correct in that we allow women as members.)

Demographic and clinical correlates of autism symptom domains and autism spectrum diagnosis.

PubMed

Frazier, Thomas W; Youngstrom, Eric A; Embacher, Rebecca; Hardan, Antonio Y; Constantino, John N; Law, Paul; Findling, Robert L; Eng, Charis

2014-07-01

Demographic and clinical factors may influence assessment of autism symptoms. This study evaluated these correlates and also examined whether social communication and interaction and restricted/repetitive behavior provided unique prediction of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. We analyzed data from 7352 siblings included in the Interactive Autism Network registry. Social communication and interaction and restricted/repetitive behavior symptoms were obtained using caregiver-reports on the Social Responsiveness Scale. Demographic and clinical correlates were covariates in regression models predicting social communication and interaction and restricted/repetitive behavior symptoms. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses evaluated the incremental validity of social communication and interaction and restricted/repetitive behavior domains over and above global autism symptoms. Autism spectrum disorder diagnosis was the strongest correlate of caregiver-reported social communication and interaction and restricted/repetitive behavior symptoms. The presence of comorbid diagnoses also increased symptom levels. Social communication and interaction and restricted/repetitive behavior symptoms provided significant, but modest, incremental validity in predicting diagnosis beyond global autism symptoms. These findings suggest that autism spectrum disorder diagnosis is by far the largest determinant of quantitatively measured autism symptoms. Externalizing (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) and internalizing (anxiety) behavior, low cognitive ability, and demographic factors may confound caregiver-report of autism symptoms, potentially necessitating a continuous norming approach to the revision of symptom measures. Social communication and interaction and restricted/repetitive behavior symptoms may provide incremental validity in the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. © The Author(s) 2013.

Demographic and clinical correlates of autism symptom domains and autism spectrum diagnosis

PubMed Central

Frazier, Thomas W; Youngstrom, Eric A; Embacher, Rebecca; Hardan, Antonio Y; Constantino, John N; Law, Paul; Findling, Robert L; Eng, Charis

2014-01-01

Demographic and clinical factors may influence assessment of autism symptoms. This study evaluated these correlates and also examined whether social communication and interaction and restricted/repetitive behavior provided unique prediction of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. We analyzed data from 7352 siblings included in the Interactive Autism Network registry. Social communication and interaction and restricted/repetitive behavior symptoms were obtained using caregiver-reports on the Social Responsiveness Scale. Demographic and clinical correlates were covariates in regression models predicting social communication and interaction and restricted/repetitive behavior symptoms. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses evaluated the incremental validity of social communication and interaction and restricted/repetitive behavior domains over and above global autism symptoms. Autism spectrum disorder diagnosis was the strongest correlate of caregiver-reported social communication and interaction and restricted/repetitive behavior symptoms. The presence of comorbid diagnoses also increased symptom levels. Social communication and interaction and restricted/repetitive behavior symptoms provided significant, but modest, incremental validity in predicting diagnosis beyond global autism symptoms. These findings suggest that autism spectrum disorder diagnosis is by far the largest determinant of quantitatively measured autism symptoms. Externalizing (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) and internalizing (anxiety) behavior, low cognitive ability, and demographic factors may confound caregiver-report of autism symptoms, potentially necessitating a continuous norming approach to the revision of symptom measures. Social communication and interaction and restricted/repetitive behavior symptoms may provide incremental validity in the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. PMID:24104512

Assessing Second Language Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fulcher, Glenn

2015-01-01

While the viva voce (oral) examination has always been used in content-based educational assessment (Latham 1877: 132), the assessment of second language (L2) speaking in performance tests is relatively recent. The impetus for the growth in testing speaking during the 19th and 20th centuries is twofold. Firstly, in educational settings the…

NWWA Science Award given

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Back, Bill

John G. Ferris, a U.S. Geological Survey retiree, received the National Water Well Association (NWWA) Science Award for 1985 on September 10, 1985, in Baltimore, Md. The award recognizes Ferris's renowned contributions to the science of groundwater.

Building Awards | NREL

Science.gov Websites

Mountain campus is designed to meet the Gold or Platinum standards of the U.S. Green Building Council's Research Facility. South Site Entrance Building South Site Entrance Building 2013 U.S. Green Buildings Building Awards Building Awards NREL's high-performance buildings are sustainability models for the

Brief Report: Sensorimotor Gating in Idiopathic Autism and Autism Associated with Fragile X Syndrome

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yuhas, Jennifer; Cordeiro, Lisa; Tassone, Flora; Ballinger, Elizabeth; Schneider, Andrea; Long, James M.; Ornitz, Edward M.; Hessl, David

2011-01-01

Prepulse inhibition (PPI) may useful for exploring the proposed shared neurobiology between idiopathic autism and autism caused by FXS. We compared PPI in four groups: typically developing controls (n = 18), FXS and autism (FXS+A; n = 15), FXS without autism spectrum disorder (FXS-A; n = 17), and idiopathic autism (IA; n = 15). Relative to…

In Search of Culturally Appropriate Autism Interventions: Perspectives of Latino Caregivers.

PubMed

DuBay, Michaela; Watson, Linda R; Zhang, Wanqing

2018-05-01

Most evidence-based autism spectrum disorder (ASD) interventions are tested with primarily White, mid-upper class, English-speaking populations, despite the increase in Latino children with ASD in early intervention programs throughout the United States. Unfortunately, interventions that are incongruent with a target population's culture may be relatively ineffective. This mixed-methods study explored how culturally appropriate, feasible, and acceptable Latino caregivers perceived intervention models, strategies, and targets. Survey data were compared for 28 Latino and 27 non-Latino White parents of young children with ASD. Further, 20 Latino caregivers participated in focus groups to describe their challenges, perspectives and preferences for intervention strategies and models, and unmet needs from providers. These findings underscore the need for culturally modified interventions for Latino children and families.

A brief history of autism, the autism/vaccine hypothesis and a review of the genetic basis of autism spectrum disorders.

PubMed

Blake, Jerome; Hoyme, H Eugene; Crotwell, Patricia L

2013-01-01

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) represent a common spectrum of developmental disabilities, sharing deficits in social interactions, communication and restricted interests or repetitive behaviors with difficult transitions. In this article, we review the history of the identification and classification of autism and the origin of the now widely-debunked autism/vaccine hypothesis. The differences between syndromal (complex) and non-syndromal (essential) autism are described and illustrated with case descriptions where appropriate. Finally, the evidence that autism is fundamentally a genetic disease is discussed, including family studies, the role of DNA copy number variation and known single gene mutations.

14 CFR 1240.112 - Presentation of awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... CONTRIBUTIONS Awards for Scientific and Technical Contributions § 1240.112 Presentation of awards. (a) Monetary awards and accompanying written acknowledgments to employees of NASA will be presented in a formal... cognizant field installation or designee. (b) Monetary awards and accompanying written acknowledgments to...

Nuclear Fusion Award 2009 speech Nuclear Fusion Award 2009 speech

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sabbagh, Steven Anthony

2011-01-01

This is an exceptional moment in my career, and so I want to thank all of my teachers, colleagues and mentors who have made this possible. From my co-authors and myself, many thanks to the International Atomic Energy Agency, IOP Publishing, the Nuclear Fusion journal team, and the selection committee for the great honor of receiving this award. Also gratitude to Kikuchi-sensei, not only for the inventive and visionary creation of this award, but also for being a key mentor dating back to his efforts in producing high neutron output in JT-60U. It was also a great honor to receive the award directly from IAEA Deputy Director General Burkart during the 23rd IAEA Fusion Energy Conference in Daejeon. Receiving the award at this venue is particularly exciting as Daejeon is home to the new, next-generation KSTAR tokamak device that will lead key magnetic fusion research areas going forward. I would also like to thank the mayor of Daejeon, Dr Yum Hong-Chul, and all of the meeting organizers for giving us all a truly spectacular and singular welcoming event during which the award was presented. The research leading to the award would not have been possible without the support of the US Department of Energy, and I thank the Department for the continued funding of this research. Special mention must be made to a valuable co-author who is no longer with us, Professor A. Bondeson, who was a significant pioneer in resistive wall mode (RWM) research. I would like to thank my wife, Mary, for her infinite patience and encouragement. Finally, I would like to personally thank all of you that have approached and congratulated me directly. There are no units to measure how important your words have been in this regard. When notified that our paper had been shortlisted for the 2009 Nuclear Fusion Award, my co-authors responded echoing how I felt—honored to be included in such a fine collection of research by colleagues. It was unfathomable—would this paper follow the brilliant work

10 years of Elsevier/JQSRT awards

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stoop, José; Bernath, Peter F.; Mengüç, M. Pinar; Mishchenko, Michael I.; Rothman, Laurence S.

2017-10-01

The Elsevier award program administered by the Editorial Board of the Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer (JQSRT) was conceived in June of 2006 at the 9th Electromagnetic and Light Scattering Conference in St. Petersburg, Russia. Initially the program included three annual Elsevier/JQSRT awards for exceptional early-career scientists working in the main research fields covered by JQSRT: quantitative spectroscopy, radiative transfer, and electromagnetic scattering. In June of 2010 at the 12th Electromagnetic and Light Scattering Conference in Helsinki, Finland, it was decided to expand the award program to include three biennial Elsevier awards intended to celebrate fundamental life-time achievements of internationally recognized leaders in the same research fields. Finally, in 2013 the Elsevier award program was augmented to include a fourth annual early-career award in the category of atmospheric radiation and remote sensing.

Highlighting 2004 award-winning initiatives.

PubMed

2005-02-01

This issue takes a closer look at how five award-winning healthcare organizations are finding--and continually refining--innovative ways to provide high-quality healthcare. One of those organizations is Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital Hamilton, which recently was named the fourth healthcare winner of the annual Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award. The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations recently selected two facilities in the hospital category--Stamford Hospital and Staten Island University Hospital--as recipients of the eighth annual Codman Award for their work in using outcomes measurement to promote quality care. The Reading Hospital and Medical Center received a Cheers Award from the Institute for Safe Medication Practices for its toolkit promoting patient safety. Sentara Healthcare System, top winner of the American Hospital Association's Quest for Quality Award, has been cited for its efforts to align its quality and safety goals with its organizational goals.

Identifying autism early: The Toddlers at Risk of Autism Clinic model.

PubMed

Davis, Tessa; Clifton, Deirdre; Papadopoulos, Con

2015-07-01

This paper describes the Toddlers at Risk of Autism Clinic (TRAC), which utilises the Social Attention and Communication Study (SACS) and/or Autism Detection in Early Childhood (ADEC) play-based assessments to facilitate the early diagnosis of autism. A retrospective audit was conducted of all 42 children assessed over a 3-year period in the TRAC. A semi-structured interview and play-based assessment (SACS and ADEC) were used to aid experienced clinicians in diagnosing autism. Intervention was recommended, and families were routinely followed up. Analysis was conducted on the tools used, the outcomes of assessment, diagnosis and stability of diagnosis on follow-up. During this period, 35 boys and 7 girls were assessed, with a mean age of 25 months. The average waiting time for clinic was 11.6 weeks. Twenty-five patients were diagnosed with autism; 90.5% of toddlers given an initial diagnosis retained that diagnosis at follow-up. Out of the 17 children who were not diagnosed with autism in the TRAC, one child was later diagnosed with autism. Experienced clinicians can use the SACS and/or ADEC to assist with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual diagnosis of autism in toddlers. © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health © 2015 Paediatrics and Child Health Division (Royal Australasian College of Physicians).

Which terms should be used to describe autism? Perspectives from the UK autism community.

PubMed

Kenny, Lorcan; Hattersley, Caroline; Molins, Bonnie; Buckley, Carole; Povey, Carol; Pellicano, Elizabeth

2016-05-01

Recent public discussions suggest that there is much disagreement about the way autism is and should be described. This study sought to elicit the views and preferences of UK autism community members - autistic people, parents and their broader support network - about the terms they use to describe autism. In all, 3470 UK residents responded to an online survey on their preferred ways of describing autism and their rationale for such preferences. The results clearly show that people use many terms to describe autism. The most highly endorsed terms were 'autism' and 'on the autism spectrum', and to a lesser extent, 'autism spectrum disorder', for which there was consensus across community groups. The groups disagreed, however, on the use of several terms. The term 'autistic' was endorsed by a large percentage of autistic adults, family members/friends and parents but by considerably fewer professionals; 'person with autism' was endorsed by almost half of professionals but by fewer autistic adults and parents. Qualitative analysis of an open-ended question revealed the reasons underlying respondents' preferences. These findings demonstrate that there is no single way of describing autism that is universally accepted and preferred by the UK's autism community and that some disagreements appear deeply entrenched. © The Author(s) 2015.

Autism in Developing Countries: Lessons from Iran

PubMed Central

Samadi, Sayyed Ali; McConkey, Roy

2011-01-01

Most research into Autism Spectrum Disorders has been conducted in affluent English-speaking countries which have extensive professional support services. This paper describes a series of investigations that was undertaken in Iran, and these findings, together with reviews of research in other low-income countries, are used to identify key lessons in three areas of service provision of particular relevance to developing countries with scarce professional resources: first, the issues to be considered in establishing the prevalence of the condition nationally; second, identification of parental understanding of ASD and the impact it has on them as carers; third, the education and training that could be provided to families when professional supports are sparse. It is concluded that culturally sensitive, parental support strategies must be central to the planning and development of services. Moreover, future research should further elucidate the needs of families and evaluate the impact of culturally tailored interventions designed to promote the children's development and overall family quality of life. PMID:22937242

'You are labelled by your children's disability' - A community-based, participatory study of stigma among Somali parents of children with autism living in the United Kingdom.

PubMed

Selman, Lucy Ellen; Fox, Fiona; Aabe, Nura; Turner, Katrina; Rai, Dheeraj; Redwood, Sabi

2017-03-02

Social stigma is commonly experienced by parents of children with autism. Our aim was to understand the nature of stigma experienced by Somali parents of children with autism in the United Kingdom (UK), and to consider how they coped with or resisted such stigma. We used a community-based participatory research approach, collaborating with a community organisation of Somali parents. In-depth interviews with simultaneous translation were conducted with 15 Somali parents of children with autism living in Bristol, UK, in 2015. Parents were sampled purposively to capture diversity in children's age, severity of autism and time since diagnosis. Directed thematic analysis used Link and Phelan's model of stigma. Of the 15 participants, 12 were mothers (mean age 36). The 17 children with autism they cared for were 4-13 years' old, and five were girls. Two main themes with sub-themes were identified: the nature of stigma (labelling and stereotyping; separation; emotional reactions, discrimination and power), and coping and resistance (the power of language; faith as a resource; learning, peer support and community relationships). Children with autism were labelled and stereotyped (e.g. as 'sick', 'naughty', 'different') and parents blamed for not controlling them, leading to social rejection and isolation. Stigma was associated with a poor understanding of autism, a lack of vocabulary related to autism in the Somali community, and prejudice against mental illness and disability. There was evidence of enacted and felt stigma and examples of discrimination. Finding their own language to describe their child's condition and drawing on faith, learning and peer support were important resources in resisting stigma. Findings inform support for this community, highlighting the need to raise awareness of autism, enable parents to speak openly, and ensure appropriate professional services and interventions are available.

Roses for Autism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tomaino, Robert

2011-01-01

This article discusses Roses for Autism, a program that provides training, guidance and employment opportunities for older students and adults on the autistic spectrum. Roses for Autism tackles one of the biggest challenges currently facing the autism community--a disproportionally high unemployment rate that hovers around 88 percent. Although a…

Autism through the Lifespan

MedlinePlus

... Navigating Services Research Legal Resources Treatment Options Family Issues Autism Friendly Community Inclusion Future Planning How the Autism Society can Help Stories from the Spectrum Autism Blog ...

22 CFR 226.14 - Special award conditions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Special award conditions. 226.14 Section 226.14 Foreign Relations AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION OF ASSISTANCE AWARDS TO U.S. NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS Pre-award Requirements § 226.14 Special award conditions. If an applicant or...

22 CFR 226.11 - Pre-award policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Pre-award policies. 226.11 Section 226.11 Foreign Relations AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION OF ASSISTANCE AWARDS TO U.S. NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS Pre-award Requirements § 226.11 Pre-award policies. (a) Use of grants and...

[Current status of autism studies].

PubMed

Kurita, H

2001-01-01

The current status of autism studies was reviewed based on English articles published during the 1990s. Although the concepts of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) are established, diagnostic criteria of PDDNOS or atypical autism, which is frequently difficult to differentiate from autism, need to be established. The prevalence of autism has been estimated as about 0.05% in the U.S and many European countries, while it was reported to be 0.1% or higher in Japan and some European countries, though the reasons for this difference are unclear. High-functioning (IQ > or = 70) autism may not be as rare a condition as previously thought and both its difference from and similarity to Asperger's syndrome, the highest functioning PDD subtype, need clarification. About 20 to 40% of children with autism lose meaningful words by the age of 2 years and display autistic symptoms thereafter. Such autism, called the setback type in Japan, has been demonstrated to have a poorer adolescent/adult outcome compared to autism without setback and its relationship with childhood disintegrative disorder, which displays a clearer regression after normal development for at least the first 2 years of life, needs to be addressed. The etiology of autism is now considered mostly genetic for reasons, such as the significantly higher concordance rate of autism in identical twin pairs (60-80%) than in fraternal twin pairs (0-10%) and an 3-5% incidence of autism among sibs of an autism proband, 30 to 100 times higher than that in the general population. The involvement of several genes is implicated to create susceptibility for autism, yet the responsible genes have not been identified. Although there is no medication to cure autism, some psychotropic drugs, such as antipsychotics and SSRIs, seem effective for behavior problems in autism patients. Psychosocial treatments are the main therapeutic approach to autism, though they are yet to be well systematized. It is important to

Autism.

PubMed

Parr, Jeremy

2010-01-07

Evidence for the efficacy of treatments for autism has improved in recent years. In this systematic review the evidence for both drug and non-drug treatments is appraised and clinical guidance is provided for their use. We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: What are the effects of early intensive multidisciplinary intervention programmes in children with autism? What are the effects of dietary interventions in children with autism? What are the effects of drug treatments in children with autism? What are the effects of non-drug treatments in children with autism? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to May 2009 (Clinical evidence reviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review). We included harms alerts from relevant organisations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). We found 30 systematic reviews, RCTs, or observational studies that met our inclusion criteria. We performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for interventions. In this systematic review we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following interventions: applied behavioural analysis; auditory integration training; Autism Preschool Programme; casein-free diet; chelation; Child's Talk programme; cognitive behavioural therapy; digestive enzymes; EarlyBird programme; facilitated communication; Floortime therapy; gluten-free diet; immunoglobulins; melatonin; memantine; methylphenidate; More Than Words programme; music therapy; olanzapine; omega-3 fish oil; picture exchange communication system; Portage scheme; probiotics; relationship development interventions; risperidone; secretin; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs); sensory integration training; social stories; social skills training; Son-Rise programme; TEACCH

Speaking Activities for the Advanced College-Bound Student.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henderson, Don

Three activities for developing speaking skills of advanced English as second language students are presented. Impromptu speaking, extemporaneous speaking, and debate activities are designed to train students to organize concepts, develop spontaneous oral skills, and enhance confidence and clarity of thought. Impromptu speaking develops…

Text-speak processing impairs tactile location.

PubMed

Head, James; Helton, William; Russell, Paul; Neumann, Ewald

2012-09-01

Dual task experiments have highlighted that driving while having a conversation on a cell phone can have negative impacts on driving (Strayer & Drews, 2007). It has also been noted that this negative impact is greater when reading a text-message (Lee, 2007). Commonly used in text-messaging are shortening devices collectively known as text-speak (e.g.,Ys I wll ttyl 2nite, Yes I will talk to you later tonight). To the authors' knowledge, there has been no investigation into the potential negative impacts of reading text-speak on concurrent performance on other tasks. Forty participants read a correctly spelled story and a story presented in text-speak while concurrently monitoring for a vibration around their waist. Slower reaction times and fewer correct vibration detections occurred while reading text-speak than while reading a correctly spelled story. The results suggest that reading text-speak imposes greater cognitive load than reading correctly spelled text. These findings suggest that the negative impact of text messaging on driving may be compounded by the messages being in text-speak, instead of orthographically correct text. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Examining faculty awards for gender equity and evolving values.

PubMed

Abbuhl, Stephanie; Bristol, Mirar N; Ashfaq, Hera; Scott, Patricia; Tuton, Lucy Wolf; Cappola, Anne R; Sonnad, Seema S

2010-01-01

Awards given to medical school faculty are one important mechanism for recognizing what is valued in academic medicine. There have been concerns expressed about the gender distribution of awards, and there is also a growing appreciation for the evolving accomplishments and talents that define academic excellence in the 21st century and that should be considered worthy of award recognition. Examine faculty awards at our institution for gender equity and evolving values. Recipient data were collected on awards from 1996 to 2007 inclusively at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine (SOM). Descriptions of each award also were collected. The female-to-male ratio of award recipients over the time span was reviewed for changes and trends. The title and text of each award announcement were reviewed to determine if the award represented a traditional or a newer concept of excellence in academic medicine. There were 21 annual awards given to a total of 59 clinical award recipients, 60 research award recipients, and 154 teaching award recipients. Women received 28% of research awards, 29% of teaching awards and 10% of clinical awards. Gender distribution of total awards was similar to that of SOM full-time faculty except in the clinical awards category. Only one award reflected a shift in the culture of individual achievement to one of collaboration and team performance. Examining both the recipients and content of awards is important to assure they reflect the current composition of diverse faculty and the evolving ideals of leadership and excellence in academic medicine.

Examining Faculty Awards for Gender Equity and Evolving Values

PubMed Central

Abbuhl, Stephanie; Bristol, Mirar N.; Ashfaq, Hera; Scott, Patricia; Tuton, Lucy Wolf; Cappola, Anne R.

2009-01-01

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Awards given to medical school faculty are one important mechanism for recognizing what is valued in academic medicine. There have been concerns expressed about the gender distribution of awards, and there is also a growing appreciation for the evolving accomplishments and talents that define academic excellence in the 21st century and that should be considered worthy of award recognition. OBJECTIVE Examine faculty awards at our institution for gender equity and evolving values. METHODS Recipient data were collected on awards from 1996 to 2007 inclusively at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine (SOM). Descriptions of each award also were collected. The female-to-male ratio of award recipients over the time span was reviewed for changes and trends. The title and text of each award announcement were reviewed to determine if the award represented a traditional or a newer concept of excellence in academic medicine. MAIN RESULTS There were 21 annual awards given to a total of 59 clinical award recipients, 60 research award recipients, and 154 teaching award recipients. Women received 28% of research awards, 29% of teaching awards and 10% of clinical awards. Gender distribution of total awards was similar to that of SOM full-time faculty except in the clinical awards category. Only one award reflected a shift in the culture of individual achievement to one of collaboration and team performance. CONCLUSION Examining both the recipients and content of awards is important to assure they reflect the current composition of diverse faculty and the evolving ideals of leadership and excellence in academic medicine. PMID:19727968

45 CFR 74.11 - Pre-award policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... FOR AWARDS AND SUBAWARDS TO INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION, HOSPITALS, OTHER NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS, AND COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS Pre-Award Requirements § 74.11 Pre-award policies. (a) Use of Grants and... 45 Public Welfare 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Pre-award policies. 74.11 Section 74.11 Public...

Human experimental anxiety: actual public speaking induces more intense physiological responses than simulated public speaking.

PubMed

Zuardi, Antonio Waldo; Crippa, José Alexandre de Souza; Hallak, Jaime Eduardo Cecílio; Gorayeb, Ricardo

2013-01-01

a) To perform a systematic and meta-analytic review to verify whether the Simulated Public Speaking Task (SPST) leads to a greater increase in self-rated anxiety than in physiological correlates of anxiety; and b) to compare the results obtained with the SPST with an actual public speaking task involving healthy volunteers. a) The PubMed and ISI Web of Knowledge databases were searched for studies involving the SPST prior to 2012. Eleven publications were eligible and provided data from 143 healthy volunteers for meta-analysis; b) 48 university students without somatic or psychiatric disorders were divided into three experimental groups of 16 subjects to undergo one of the following: SPST, real-world public speaking task (real-world), and control situation (control). The meta-analysis showed that the SPST induced a significant increase in the Visual Analogue Mood Scale (VAMS) anxiety factor, but no significant increases in systolic blood pressure or heart rate. The empirical study showed that the real-world public speaking task increased heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure significantly more than the control and SPST conditions. These results suggest that real public speaking might be better than SPST in inducing experimental anxiety.

48 CFR 452.216-70 - Award Fee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Award Fee. 452.216-70... SOLICITATION PROVISIONS AND CONTRACT CLAUSES Texts of Provisions and Clauses 452.216-70 Award Fee. As prescribed in 416.405, insert a clause substantially as follows: Award Fee (FEB 1988) The amount of award fee...

10 CFR 600.17 - Contents of Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... of DOE and the recipient, consistent with the requirements of this part. [74 FR 44276, Aug. 28, 2009] ... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Contents of Award. 600.17 Section 600.17 Energy DEPARTMENT... Award. Each financial assistance award shall be made on a Notice of Financial Assistance Award (NFAA...

10 CFR 600.17 - Contents of Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... of DOE and the recipient, consistent with the requirements of this part. [74 FR 44276, Aug. 28, 2009] ... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Contents of Award. 600.17 Section 600.17 Energy DEPARTMENT... Award. Each financial assistance award shall be made on a Notice of Financial Assistance Award (NFAA...

10 CFR 600.17 - Contents of Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... of DOE and the recipient, consistent with the requirements of this part. [74 FR 44276, Aug. 28, 2009] ... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Contents of Award. 600.17 Section 600.17 Energy DEPARTMENT... Award. Each financial assistance award shall be made on a Notice of Financial Assistance Award (NFAA...

10 CFR 600.17 - Contents of Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... of DOE and the recipient, consistent with the requirements of this part. [74 FR 44276, Aug. 28, 2009] ... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Contents of Award. 600.17 Section 600.17 Energy DEPARTMENT... Award. Each financial assistance award shall be made on a Notice of Financial Assistance Award (NFAA...

10 CFR 600.17 - Contents of Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... of DOE and the recipient, consistent with the requirements of this part. [74 FR 44276, Aug. 28, 2009] ... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Contents of Award. 600.17 Section 600.17 Energy DEPARTMENT... Award. Each financial assistance award shall be made on a Notice of Financial Assistance Award (NFAA...

A girl with tuberous sclerosis complex presenting with severe epilepsy and electrical status epilepticus during sleep, and with high-functioning autism and mutism.

PubMed

Pacheva, Iliyana; Panov, Georgi; Gillberg, Christopher; Neville, Brian

2014-06-01

Most patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) suffer from epilepsy, and many have cognitive and behavioral problems like severe intellectual disability, autism, and hyperactivity. Only rare patients with TSC and autism have a normal intelligence quotient. We report a 13-year-old girl with definite TSC who had early-onset severe epilepsy, autistic behavior, and moderate developmental delay. By school age, however, she had normal intelligence; her intelligence quotient was at least 70 based on a Stanford-Binet test that she refused to complete. She showed good reading, writing, and language comprehension skills, and the special abilities of hyperlexia, hypermnesia, and hypercalculia. However, she did not speak. Criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, and her Childhood Autism Rating Scale score of 36 indicated mild to moderate autism. She had severe electroencephalographic abnormalities: hypsarrhythmia, multifocal or generalized epileptiform discharges, and electrical status epilepticus during sleep, with a continuous left temporal focus. Magnetic resonance imaging showed many cortical tubers in all brain lobes, and subependymal nodules. We discuss possible explanations for her lack of speech. Considered as speech apraxia, her mutism could be either a symptom of her TSC or a component of her autism. Another possibility is that long-lasting electrical status epilepticus during sleep led to her autistic behavior and language arrest. Still another possibility is that a disinhibited mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway was at the root of all of her neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Creativity Awards: Great Expectations?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kilgour, Mark; Sasser, Sheila; Koslow, Scott

2013-01-01

Given the creativity inherent in advertising, one useful measure of creativity may be the advertising creativity award. Although creativity awards have been used by academics, agencies, and clients as indicators of exemplary creative work, there is surprisingly little research as to what creative elements they actually represent. Senior agency…

Review of Research: Do You Speak My Language? Are Behavior Analysts Considering the Needs of Learners on the Autism Spectrum?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kingsdorf, Sheri

2014-01-01

One of the domains most commonly affected by autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is communication (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Language deficits in children with ASD can be as severe as to warrant a label as nonverbal, or characterized by difficulties with the functions of communication. Additionally, deficits in language for children…

Cost Reduction Incentive Awards. 1981 Winners.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Association of College and University Business Officers, Washington, DC.

Brief descriptions of 47 college programs recognized for awards in the National Association of College and University Officers/U. S. Steel Foundation Cost Reduction Incentive Awards Program are given. They include awards for: shower stall repair; chemical waste exchange; vibrating alarms for hearing-imparied; self-funding insurance consortium;…

Stereotypes of autism

PubMed Central

Draaisma, Douwe

2009-01-01

In their landmark papers, both Kanner and Asperger employed a series of case histories to shape clinical insight into autistic disorders. This way of introducing, assessing and representing disorders has disappeared from today's psychiatric practice, yet it offers a convincing model of the way stereotypes may build up as a result of representations of autism. Considering that much of what society at large learns on disorders on the autism spectrum is produced by representations of autism in novels, TV-series, movies or autobiographies, it will be of vital importance to scrutinize these representations and to check whether or not they are, in fact, misrepresenting autism. In quite a few cases, media representations of talent and special abilities can be said to have contributed to a harmful divergence between the general image of autism and the clinical reality of the autistic condition. PMID:19528033

Stereotypes of autism.

PubMed

Draaisma, Douwe

2009-05-27

In their landmark papers, both Kanner and Asperger employed a series of case histories to shape clinical insight into autistic disorders. This way of introducing, assessing and representing disorders has disappeared from today's psychiatric practice, yet it offers a convincing model of the way stereotypes may build up as a result of representations of autism. Considering that much of what society at large learns on disorders on the autism spectrum is produced by representations of autism in novels, TV-series, movies or autobiographies, it will be of vital importance to scrutinize these representations and to check whether or not they are, in fact, misrepresenting autism. In quite a few cases, media representations of talent and special abilities can be said to have contributed to a harmful divergence between the general image of autism and the clinical reality of the autistic condition.

Plasma serotonin in autism.

PubMed

Connors, Susan L; Matteson, Karla J; Sega, Gary A; Lozzio, Carmen B; Carroll, Roger C; Zimmerman, Andrew W

2006-09-01

Serotonin is necessary for normal fetal brain development. Administration of serotonin inhibitors to pregnant rats results in offspring with abnormal behaviors, brain morphology, and serotonin receptor numbers. Low maternal plasma serotonin may contribute to abnormal brain development in autism. In this study, plasma serotonin levels in autism mothers and control mothers of typically developing children were compared, and plasma serotonin levels in children with autism (n = 17) and their family members were measured. Plasma serotonin levels in autism mothers were significantly lower than in mothers of normal children (P = 0.002). Plasma serotonin levels correlated between autism mothers and their children, but differed between autistic children and their fathers (P = 0.028) and siblings (P = 0.063). Low maternal plasma serotonin may be a risk factor for autism through effects on fetal brain development.

Waterman Award nominations sought

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Showstack, Randy

2012-10-01

The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) is accepting nominations for the 2013 Alan T. Waterman Award. The award, established in 1975 to commemorate NSF's first director, is the foundation's highest honor for promising, early-career researchers. Nominees are accepted from all sources, from any field of science and engineering that NSF supports. In addition to receiving a medal, the award recipient will also receive a $1,000,000 grant over 5 years for scientific research or advanced study in any field of science or engineering supported by NSF. Completed nomination packages are due by 31 October. For more information, see http://www.nsf.gov/od/waterman/waterman.jsp.

Elsevier/Spectrochimica Acta Atomic Spectroscopy Award 2014

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Omenetto, Nicolo'; de Loos, Greet

2016-03-01

This is to announce the 2014 Elsevier/Spectrochimica Acta Award, the annual award honoring the most significant article(s) published in a volume. Elsevier makes this award on behalf of Spectrochimica Acta, Part B, to encourage the publication of top articles in this journal. All papers published during one year are considered for this award and the Editorial Advisory Board and the Guest Editor(s) of the special issue(s) are responsible for the selection. The award consists of a monetary prize of 1000 together with a presentation certificate.

Elsevier/Spectrochimica Acta atomic spectroscopy award 2015

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Omenetto, Nicolo; de Loos-Vollebregt, Margaretha

2016-12-01

This is to announce the 2015 Elsevier/Spectrochimica Acta award, the annual award honoring the most significant article(s) published in a volume. Elsevier makes this award on behalf of Spectrochimica Acta, Part B, to encourage the publication of top articles in this journal. All papers published during one year are considered for this award and the Editorial Advisory Board and the Guest Editor(s) of the special issue(s) are responsible for the selection. The award consists of a monetary prize of 1000 together with a presentation certificate.

36 CFR § 1212.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 1212.605 Award. Award...) The term award includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money. (2) A block grant or a grant in an entitlement program, whether or not the grant...

40 CFR 35.548 - Award limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Award limitations. 35.548 Section 35... Assistance Program (gap) § 35.548 Award limitations. (a) Each grant awarded under the General Assistance Program shall be not less than $75,000. This limitation does not apply to additional funds that may become...

13 CFR 308.2 - Performance awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Performance awards. 308.2 Section... PERFORMANCE INCENTIVES § 308.2 Performance awards. (a) A Recipient of Investment Assistance under parts 305 or 307 of this chapter may receive a performance award in connection with an Investment made on or after...

13 CFR 308.2 - Performance awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Performance awards. 308.2 Section... PERFORMANCE INCENTIVES § 308.2 Performance awards. (a) A Recipient of Investment Assistance under parts 305 or 307 of this chapter may receive a performance award in connection with an Investment made on or after...

13 CFR 308.2 - Performance awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Performance awards. 308.2 Section... PERFORMANCE INCENTIVES § 308.2 Performance awards. (a) A Recipient of Investment Assistance under parts 305 or 307 of this chapter may receive a performance award in connection with an Investment made on or after...

Supporting Young Writers with Award-Winning Books

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

MacKay, Kathryn Lake; Ricks, Paul H.; Young, Terrell A.

2017-01-01

This article presents a way to use award-winning books as mentor texts for very young writers. Books were selected as mentor texts from the winners of the Australian Early Childhood Children's Book of the Year Award and the American Theodor Seuss Geisel Award. The authors explain the value of using award-winning texts in the classroom and describe…

EDITORIAL: The Nuclear Fusion Award The Nuclear Fusion Award

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kikuchi, M.

2011-01-01

The Nuclear Fusion Award ceremony for 2009 and 2010 award winners was held during the 23rd IAEA Fusion Energy Conference in Daejeon. This time, both 2009 and 2010 award winners were celebrated by the IAEA and the participants of the 23rd IAEA Fusion Energy Conference. The Nuclear Fusion Award is a paper prize to acknowledge the best distinguished paper among the published papers in a particular volume of the Nuclear Fusion journal. Among the top-cited and highly-recommended papers chosen by the Editorial Board, excluding overview and review papers, and by analyzing self-citation and non-self-citation with an emphasis on non-self-citation, the Editorial Board confidentially selects ten distinguished papers as nominees for the Nuclear Fusion Award. Certificates are given to the leading authors of the Nuclear Fusion Award nominees. The final winner is selected among the ten nominees by the Nuclear Fusion Editorial Board voting confidentially. 2009 Nuclear Fusion Award nominees For the 2009 award, the papers published in the 2006 volume were assessed and the following papers were nominated, most of which are magnetic confinement experiments, theory and modeling, while one addresses inertial confinement. Sabbagh S.A. et al 2006 Resistive wall stabilized operation in rotating high beta NSTX plasmas Nucl. Fusion 46 635-44 La Haye R.J. et al 2006 Cross-machine benchmarking for ITER of neoclassical tearing mode stabilization by electron cyclotron current drive Nucl. Fusion 46 451-61 Honrubia J.J. et al 2006 Three-dimensional fast electron transport for ignition-scale inertial fusion capsules Nucl. Fusion 46 L25-8 Ido T. et al 2006 Observation of the interaction between the geodesic acoustic mode and ambient fluctuation in the JFT-2M tokamak Nucl. Fusion 46 512-20 Plyusnin V.V. et al 2006 Study of runaway electron generation during major disruptions in JET Nucl. Fusion 46 277-84 Pitts R.A. et al 2006 Far SOL ELM ion energies in JET Nucl. Fusion 46 82-98 Berk H.L. et al 2006

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

MedlinePlus

... Español (Spanish) Recommend on Facebook Tweet Share Compartir Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability that ... key findings. ABOUT US Overview of CDC’s work. Autism: What's New MMWR article: Prevalence of Autism Spectrum ...

24 CFR 578.21 - Awarding funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... procedures provided in the NOFA and will award funds to recipients through a national competition based on... withdraw an award if the applicant does not satisfy all conditions imposed on it. Correcting all issues and... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2014-04-01 2013-04-01 true Awarding funds. 578.21 Section 578...

24 CFR 578.21 - Awarding funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... procedures provided in the NOFA and will award funds to recipients through a national competition based on... withdraw an award if the applicant does not satisfy all conditions imposed on it. Correcting all issues and... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Awarding funds. 578.21 Section 578...

10 CFR 603.1260 - Expenditure-based award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... adjustment does not exceed the total Government funds obligated to the award. Most Federal Government grants... Used in this Part § 603.1260 Expenditure-based award. A Federal Government assistance award for which...

Michael Tomasello: Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions.

PubMed

2015-11-01

The APA Awards for Distinguished Scientific Contributions are presented to persons who, in the opinion of the Committee on Scientific Awards, have made distinguished theoretical or empirical contributions to basic research in psychology. One of the 2015 award winners is Michael Tomasello, who received this award for "outstanding empirical and theoretical contributions to understanding what makes the human mind unique. Michael Tomasello's pioneering research on the origins of social cognition has led to revolutionary insights in both developmental psychology and primate cognition." Tomasello's award citation, biography, and a selected bibliography are presented here. (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).

Degrees and Certificates Awarded, 2001-2002.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coperthwaite, Corby A.; Jones, Dennis

This document reports on degrees and certificates awarded by the Connecticut community colleges during the 2001-02 academic year, using a set of eight categories. The colleges awarded 3,977 degrees and certificates in 2001-02. This represents a 1.3% increase over the previous year, and a 7.2% decrease since 1998. The colleges awarded 735…

Rebecca Knuth: LJ Teaching Award 2009

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berry, John N., III

2009-01-01

This article profiles Rebecca Knuth, winner of the LJ Teaching Award for 2009. The way she plans a class she's teaching illustrates why she was nominated by her students and won the award. The award, which comes with a $5000 honorarium and a celebration at the American Library Association (ALA) Midwinter Meeting, is sponsored by ProQuest. For…

2 CFR 176.210 - Award term-Recovery Act transactions listed in Schedule of Expenditures of Federal Awards and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... in Schedule of Expenditures of Federal Awards and Recipient Responsibilities for Informing... Recipient Responsibilities for Informing Subrecipients. The award term described in this section shall be...,” recipients agree to separately identify the expenditures for Federal awards under the Recovery Act on the...

2 CFR 176.210 - Award term-Recovery Act transactions listed in Schedule of Expenditures of Federal Awards and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... in Schedule of Expenditures of Federal Awards and Recipient Responsibilities for Informing... Recipient Responsibilities for Informing Subrecipients. The award term described in this section shall be...,” recipients agree to separately identify the expenditures for Federal awards under the Recovery Act on the...

Comparison of Scores on the Checklist for Autism Spectrum Disorder, Childhood Autism Rating Scale, and Gilliam Asperger's Disorder Scale for Children with Low Functioning Autism, High Functioning Autism, Asperger's Disorder, ADHD, and Typical Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mayes, Susan Dickerson; Calhoun, Susan L.; Murray, Michael J.; Morrow, Jill D.; Yurich, Kirsten K. L.; Mahr, Fauzia; Cothren, Shiyoko; Purichia, Heather; Bouder, James N.; Petersen, Christopher

2009-01-01

Reliability and validity for three autism instruments were compared for 190 children with low functioning autism (LFA), 190 children with high functioning autism or Asperger's disorder (HFA), 76 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and 64 typical children. The instruments were the Checklist for Autism Spectrum Disorder…

Voice Blogging and L2 Speaking Performance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hsu, Hsiu-Chen

2016-01-01

This paper reports on an exploratory study that investigated the effect of extensive speaking practice on the development of L2 speaking complexity, accuracy, and fluency in voice blogging. The participants were 30 college EFL (English as a foreign language) learners in Taiwan. As a supplement to the insufficient speaking practice in class, each…

Sensory perception in autism.

PubMed

Robertson, Caroline E; Baron-Cohen, Simon

2017-11-01

Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental condition, and little is known about its neurobiology. Much of autism research has focused on the social, communication and cognitive difficulties associated with the condition. However, the recent revision of the diagnostic criteria for autism has brought another key domain of autistic experience into focus: sensory processing. Here, we review the properties of sensory processing in autism and discuss recent computational and neurobiological insights arising from attention to these behaviours. We argue that sensory traits have important implications for the development of animal and computational models of the condition. Finally, we consider how difficulties in sensory processing may relate to the other domains of behaviour that characterize autism.

Autism Spectrum Disorder - Multiple Languages

MedlinePlus

... Русский) Expand Section Autism Spectrum Disorder (An Introduction) - English PDF Autism Spectrum Disorder (An Introduction) - Русский (Russian) PDF Autism Spectrum Disorder (An Introduction) - English MP3 Autism Spectrum Disorder (An Introduction) - Русский (Russian) ...

32 CFR 37.125 - May I award or administer TIAs if I am authorized to award or administer other assistance...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false May I award or administer TIAs if I am... INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS General § 37.125 May I award or administer TIAs if I am authorized to award or administer other assistance instruments? (a) You must have specific authorization to award or administer TIAs...

UK businesses bag innovation awards

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Banks, Michael

2015-09-01

Five UK firms have received innovation awards from the Institute of Physics (IOP), which publishes Physics World. Hallmarq Veterinary Imaging, Metrasens, M Squared Lasers, Silixa and Tracerco have all won an IOP award for developing new innovative products.

Environmental Factors in Autism

PubMed Central

Grabrucker, Andreas M.

2013-01-01

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impairments in communication and social behavior, and by repetitive behaviors. Although genetic factors might be largely responsible for the occurrence of autism they cannot fully account for all cases and it is likely that in addition to a certain combination of autism-related genes, specific environmental factors might act as risk factors triggering the development of autism. Thus, the role of environmental factors in autism is an important area of research and recent data will be discussed in this review. Interestingly, the results show that many environmental risk factors are interrelated and their identification and comparison might unveil a common scheme of alterations on a contextual as well as molecular level. For example, both, disruption in the immune system and in zinc homeostasis may affect synaptic transmission in autism. Thus, here, a model is proposed that interconnects the most important and scientifically recognized environmental factors. Moreover, similarities in how these risk factors impact synapse function are discussed and a possible influence on an already well described genetic pathway leading to the development of autism via zinc homeostasis is proposed. PMID:23346059

Robotic Mining Competition Awards Ceremony

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-05-26

Team Astrobotics from The University of Alabama won the top award, the Joe Kosmo Award for Excellence, and several other awards, during NASA's 8th Annual Robotic Competition award ceremony inside the Apollo-Saturn V Center at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in Florida. More than 40 student teams from colleges and universities around the U.S. used their uniquely-designed mining robots to dig in a supersized sandbox filled with BP-1, or simulated Martian soil, and participated in other competition requirements, May 22-26, at the visitor complex. The Robotic Mining Competition is a NASA Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate project designed to encourage students in science, technology, engineering and math, or STEM fields. The project provides a competitive environment to foster innovative ideas and solutions that could be used on NASA's Journey to Mars.

48 CFR 852.273-74 - Award without exchanges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Award without exchanges... Award without exchanges. As prescribed in 873.110(e), insert the following provision: Award Without Exchanges (JAN 2003) The Government intends to evaluate proposals and award a contract without exchanges...

Clark Receives Ocean Sciences Award

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roman, Michael R.; Clark, H. Lawrence

2008-09-01

H. Lawrence Clark received the 2008 Ocean Sciences Award at the 2008 Ocean Sciences Meeting, held 2-7 March 2008 in Orlando, Fla. The award is given in recognition of outstanding and long-standing service to the ocean sciences.

Newly established AGU awards and lecture

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paredes, Beth; Kumar, Mohi

2012-05-01

The Sulzman Award for Excellence in Education and Mentoring (Biogeosciences section) recognizes AGU members who have sustained an active research career in a field related to biogeosciences while excelling as teachers and serving as role models for the next generation of female scientists. This new award acknowledges the importance of female mentors in enhancing gender balance in physical science career paths. The award is being endowed to honor Elizabeth Sulzman, an isotope biogeochemist and soil scientist, whose enthusiasm for teaching awed many undergraduates at Oregon State University. Current plans are to present the first Sulzman award at the 2013 Fall Meeting. Applicants must be women who are within 15 years of receiving their Ph.D., and nomination packages should include a cover letter, resumé, and three letters of recommendation. As they become available, more details will be posted on the Biogeosciences section Web site (http://www.agu.org/sections/biogeo/). The award will provide up to $1000 to one successful nominee each year, although the exact monetary amount is yet to be determined. AGU is currently accepting donations to endow this award; contact Victoria Thompson (vthompson@agu.org) to get involved.

[Autism spectrum syndrome replaces Asperger syndrome and autism].

PubMed

Bejerot, Susanne; Nordin, Viviann

2014-09-23

Autism spectrum disorder describes a behaviourally defined impairment in social interaction and communication, along with the presence of restricted interests and repetitive behaviours. Although the etiology is mostly unknown, it is evident that biological factors affect the brain and result in the autistic clinical presentation. Assessment for diagnosing autism spectrum disorder should be comprehensive in order to cover all sorts of problems related to the disorder. Knowledge and experience from working with neurological and psychiatric disorders are a prerequisite for quality in the examination. Up to now, there is no cure for autism spectrum disorder, but support and adaptations in education are nevertheless important for obtaining sufficient life quality for the patients and the family.

R&D 100 Awards | NREL

Science.gov Websites

a cost of about $.50/watt. Learn more HP Apollo 8000 System HP Apollo 8000 System Uses component Award - HP Apollo 8000 System - Steve Hammond and Team 2008 Editor's Choice Award - Hybrid CIGS (copper

Using the Autism Detection in Early Childhood (ADEC) and Childhood Autism Rating Scales (CARS) to Predict Long Term Outcomes in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nah, Yong-Hwee; Young, Robyn L.; Brewer, Neil

2014-01-01

This study evaluated the predictive validity of the Autism Detection in Early Childhood (ADEC; Young, Autism detection in early childhood: ADEC. Australian Council of Educational Research, Camberwell, VIC 2007) and a well-established screening tool, the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS; Schopler et al. The childhood autism rating scale (CARS).…

Gordon F. Kirkbright bursary award, 2019

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2018-09-01

The Gordon F. Kirkbright bursary award is a prestigious annual award that assists a promising early career scientist of any nation to attend a recognised scientific meeting or visit a place of learning. (We define early career as being either a student, or an employee in a non-tenured academic post or in industry, within 7 years of award of PhD excluding career breaks).

Middle school students' knowledge of autism.

PubMed

Campbell, Jonathan M; Barger, Brian D

2011-06-01

Authors examined 1,015 middle school students' knowledge of autism using a single item of prior awareness and a 10-item Knowledge of Autism (KOA) scale. The KOA scale was designed to assess students' knowledge of the course, etiology, and symptoms associated with autism. Less than half of students (46.1%) reported having heard of autism; however, most students correctly responded that autism was a chronic condition that was not communicable. Students reporting prior awareness of autism scored higher on 9 of 10 KOA scale items when compared to their naïve counterparts. Prior awareness of autism and KOA scores also differed across schools. A more detailed understanding of developmental changes in students' knowledge of autism should improve peer educational interventions.

Teaching Public Speaking with Simulations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kell, Carl L.; Winn, Larry James

In public-speaking courses, the use of games--a specific type of simulation--can help to overcome three of the most basic problems faced by the teacher: the gap between the study of theory and the application of that theory, the limited experience gained by students confined to speaking situations within classroom walls, and student stage fright.…

14 CFR 1274.202 - Methods of award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS WITH COMMERCIAL FIRMS Pre-Award Requirements § 1274.202 Methods of award. (a) Competitive agreements. Consistent with 31 U.S.C. 6301(3), NASA uses competitive procedures to award cooperative agreements whenever possible...

49 CFR 663.21 - Pre-award audit requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Pre-award audit requirements. 663.21 Section 663.21 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PRE-AWARD AND POST-DELIVERY AUDITS OF ROLLING STOCK PURCHASES Pre-Award Audits § 663.21 Pre-award audit...

Environmental Protection Agency Award Recipient Responsibilities

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Itemized Award Phase information. Information about the Recipient's Responsibilities Upon Notification of the Award, The EPA Project Officer Responsibilities, and EPA Grant Specialists Responsibilities.

An Overview of Models of Speaking Performance and Its Implications for the Development of Procedural Framework for Diagnostic Speaking Tests

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhao, Zhongbao

2013-01-01

This paper aims at developing a procedural framework for the development and validation of diagnostic speaking tests. The researcher reviews the current available models of speaking performance, analyzes the distinctive features and then points out the implications for the development of a procedural framework for diagnostic speaking tests. On…

Step 4: Award Negotiation & Issuance

Cancer.gov

Before a grant can be awarded and accepted, several pre-award activities must happen to formalize the partnership. Ensuring compliance with federal laws, a review of costs and a negotiation of the appropriate funding level must all happen in order to rece

Parenting stress and autism: the role of age, autism severity, quality of life and problem behaviour of children and adolescents with autism.

PubMed

McStay, Rebecca L; Dissanayake, Cheryl; Scheeren, Anke; Koot, Hans M; Begeer, Sander

2014-07-01

While stress is a common experience for parents caring for a child with a developmental disability, current measures fail to distinguish between general stress in parents and the demands of parenting and perceptions of parenting skills (parenting stress). This study examined differences in 'parenting stress' reported by parents of children with autism and typically developing children. This study examined the role of child characteristics (age, autism severity, child quality of life and problem behaviour) on parenting stress in 150 parents of cognitively able children and adolescents with autism. The results revealed that child hyperactivity was the only factor significantly related to parenting stress in parents of children with autism, overruling measures of autism severity and child quality of life. This finding indicates the significant influence of problematic behaviours on parenting demands and perceptions of parenting skills in parents of children with autism, over other child characteristics conceived as within the parent's control. Study implications for future research are discussed. © The Author(s) 2013.

Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions: Terry E. Robinson.

PubMed

2016-11-01

The APA Awards for Distinguished Scientific Contributions are presented to persons who, in the opinion of the Committee on Scientific Awards, have made distinguished theoretical or empirical contributions to basic research in psychology. One of the 2016 award winners is Terry E. Robinson, who received this award for "outstanding contributions to understanding the psychological and neural mechanisms underlying stimulant drug responses." Robinson's award citation, biography, and a selected bibliography are presented here. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

Head circumference and height in autism: a study by the Collaborative Program of Excellence in Autism.

PubMed

Lainhart, Janet E; Bigler, Erin D; Bocian, Maureen; Coon, Hilary; Dinh, Elena; Dawson, Geraldine; Deutsch, Curtis K; Dunn, Michelle; Estes, Annette; Tager-Flusberg, Helen; Folstein, Susan; Hepburn, Susan; Hyman, Susan; McMahon, William; Minshew, Nancy; Munson, Jeff; Osann, Kathy; Ozonoff, Sally; Rodier, Patricia; Rogers, Sally; Sigman, Marian; Spence, M Anne; Stodgell, Christopher J; Volkmar, Fred

2006-11-01

Data from 10 sites of the NICHD/NIDCD Collaborative Programs of Excellence in Autism were combined to study the distribution of head circumference and relationship to demographic and clinical variables. Three hundred thirty-eight probands with autism-spectrum disorder (ASD) including 208 probands with autism were studied along with 147 parents, 149 siblings, and typically developing controls. ASDs were diagnosed, and head circumference and clinical variables measured in a standardized manner across all sites. All subjects with autism met ADI-R, ADOS-G, DSM-IV, and ICD-10 criteria. The results show the distribution of standardized head circumference in autism is normal in shape, and the mean, variance, and rate of macrocephaly but not microcephaly are increased. Head circumference tends to be large relative to height in autism. No site, gender, age, SES, verbal, or non-verbal IQ effects were present in the autism sample. In addition to autism itself, standardized height and average parental head circumference were the most important factors predicting head circumference in individuals with autism. Mean standardized head circumference and rates of macrocephaly were similar in probands with autism and their parents. Increased head circumference was associated with a higher (more severe) ADI-R social algorithm score. Macrocephaly is associated with delayed onset of language. Although mean head circumference and rates of macrocephaly are increased in autism, a high degree of variability is present, underscoring the complex clinical heterogeneity of the disorder. The wide distribution of head circumference in autism has major implications for genetic, neuroimaging, and other neurobiological research.

Autism and Learning Disability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Brien, Gregory; Pearson, Joanne

2004-01-01

In this article a short overview is given of the relationship between autism and learning disability. Autism exists with any level of intelligence, but many individuals with autism suffer also from learning disability. Although both disorders show overlap in some behaviours they are different in many aspects. Are they distinct syndromes which…

Sensory Correlations in Autism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kern, Janet K.; Trivedi, Madhukar H.; Grannemann, Bruce D.; Garver, Carolyn R.; Johnson, Danny G.; Andrews, Alonzo A.; Savla, Jayshree S.; Mehta, Jyutika A.; Schroeder, Jennifer L.

2007-01-01

This study examined the relationship between auditory, visual, touch, and oral sensory dysfunction in autism and their relationship to multisensory dysfunction and severity of autism. The Sensory Profile was completed on 104 persons with a diagnosis of autism, 3 to 56 years of age. Analysis showed a significant correlation between the different…

Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Siblings of Indian Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders.

PubMed

Kumar, Ankur; Juneja, Monica; Mishra, Devendra

2016-06-01

This study determined the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders in 201 siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders. Siblings were screened using Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers and Social Responsiveness Scale, parent version. Screen-positive siblings were assessed using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) criteria. The risk of autism spectrum disorder in siblings was correlated with various familial and disease characteristics of the index case. Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in siblings was 4.97%. There was a significant effect of the presence of aggressive behavior, externalizing problems and total problems in the proband, assessed using Childhood Behavior Checklist, and the young age of the father at conception on sibling risk of autism spectrum disorder. Results of our study are in line with previous studies reporting similar prevalence but have also brought up the association with behavioral problems as a possible risk factor. Siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder should be routinely screened, and genetic counseling for this increased risk should be explained to the family. © The Author(s) 2016.

10 CFR 1023.329 - Payment of award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... official. The agency will pay the amount awarded to the applicant within 60 days. ... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Payment of award. 1023.329 Section 1023.329 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (GENERAL PROVISIONS) CONTRACT APPEALS Procedures Relating to Awards Under the Equal...

32 CFR 37.1285 - Expenditure-based award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... purposes for which the award was made. Most Federal Government grants and cooperative agreements are... National Defense Department of Defense OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE DoD GRANT AND AGREEMENT...-based award. A Federal Government contract or assistance award for which the amounts of interim payments...

36 CFR 1210.11 - Pre-award policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... RULES UNIFORM ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS WITH INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION, HOSPITALS, AND OTHER NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS Pre-Award Requirements § 1210.11 Pre-award policies... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Pre-award policies. 1210.11...

13 CFR 308.3 - Planning performance awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Planning performance awards. 308.3 Section 308.3 Business Credit and Assistance ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PERFORMANCE INCENTIVES § 308.3 Planning performance awards. (a) A Recipient of Investment Assistance awarded...

Kids' Quest: Autism

MedlinePlus

... I Have Information For… Parents / Educators What is autism and how do I recognize a kid who might be diagnosed as having an autism spectrum disorder? Recommend on Facebook Tweet Share Compartir ...

Unreliable evoked responses in autism

PubMed Central

Dinstein, Ilan; Heeger, David J.; Lorenzi, Lauren; Minshew, Nancy J.; Malach, Rafael; Behrmann, Marlene

2012-01-01

Summary Autism has been described as a disorder of general neural processing, but the particular processing characteristics that might be abnormal in autism have mostly remained obscure. Here, we present evidence of one such characteristic: poor evoked response reliability. We compared cortical response amplitude and reliability (consistency across trials) in visual, auditory, and somatosensory cortices of high-functioning individuals with autism and controls. Mean response amplitudes were statistically indistinguishable across groups, yet trial-by-trial response reliability was significantly weaker in autism, yielding smaller signal-to-noise ratios in all sensory systems. Response reliability differences were evident only in evoked cortical responses and not in ongoing resting-state activity. These findings reveal that abnormally unreliable cortical responses, even to elementary non-social sensory stimuli, may represent a fundamental physiological alteration of neural processing in autism. The results motivate a critical expansion of autism research to determine whether (and how) basic neural processing properties such as reliability, plasticity, and adaptation/habituation are altered in autism. PMID:22998867

14 CFR 1260.111 - Pre-award policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Higher Education, Hospitals, and Other Non-Profit Organizations Pre-Award Requirements § 1260.111 Pre-award policies. (a) Use of grants and cooperative agreements, and contracts. In each instance, NASA... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Pre-award policies. 1260.111 Section 1260...

28 CFR 70.11 - Pre-award policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... AND AGREEMENTS (INCLUDING SUBAWARDS) WITH INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION, HOSPITALS AND OTHER NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS Pre-Award Requirements § 70.11 Pre-award policies. (a) Use of grants and cooperative... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Pre-award policies. 70.11 Section 70.11...

14 CFR 1260.111 - Pre-award policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Higher Education, Hospitals, and Other Non-Profit Organizations Pre-Award Requirements § 1260.111 Pre-award policies. (a) Use of grants and cooperative agreements, and contracts. In each instance, NASA... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2011-01-01 2010-01-01 true Pre-award policies. 1260.111 Section 1260...

10 CFR 600.111 - Pre-award policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Requirements for Grants and Cooperative Agreements With Institutions of Higher Education, Hospitals, and Other Nonprofit Organizations Pre-Award Requirements § 600.111 Pre-award policies. (a) Use of Grants and... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Pre-award policies. 600.111 Section 600.111 Energy...

28 CFR 70.11 - Pre-award policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... AND AGREEMENTS (INCLUDING SUBAWARDS) WITH INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION, HOSPITALS AND OTHER NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS Pre-Award Requirements § 70.11 Pre-award policies. (a) Use of grants and cooperative... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Pre-award policies. 70.11 Section 70.11...

28 CFR 70.11 - Pre-award policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... AND AGREEMENTS (INCLUDING SUBAWARDS) WITH INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION, HOSPITALS AND OTHER NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS Pre-Award Requirements § 70.11 Pre-award policies. (a) Use of grants and cooperative... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Pre-award policies. 70.11 Section 70.11...

32 CFR 22.420 - Pre-award procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... REGULATIONS DoD GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS-AWARD AND ADMINISTRATION Recipient Qualification Matters-General... the grants officer decides to make the award to the recipient, unless there are compelling reasons to... Defense at 2 CFR 1125.425) checking the EPLS for: (i) Potential recipients of prime awards; and (ii) A...

22 CFR 145.11 - Pre-award policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Pre-award policies. 145.11 Section 145.11 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE CIVIL RIGHTS GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS WITH INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION, HOSPITALS, AND OTHER NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS Pre-Award Requirements § 145.11 Pre-award policies...

22 CFR 145.14 - Special award conditions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Special award conditions. 145.14 Section 145.14 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE CIVIL RIGHTS GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS WITH INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION, HOSPITALS, AND OTHER NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS Pre-Award Requirements § 145.14 Special award...

A computational perspective on autism

PubMed Central

Rosenberg, Ari; Patterson, Jaclyn Sky; Angelaki, Dora E.

2015-01-01

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests as a heterogeneous set of social, cognitive, motor, and perceptual symptoms. This system-wide pervasiveness suggests that, rather than narrowly impacting individual systems such as affection or vision, autism may broadly alter neural computation. Here, we propose that alterations in nonlinear, canonical computations occurring throughout the brain may underlie the behavioral characteristics of autism. One such computation, called divisive normalization, balances a neuron’s net excitation with inhibition reflecting the overall activity of the neuronal population. Through neural network simulations, we investigate how alterations in divisive normalization may give rise to autism symptomatology. Our findings show that a reduction in the amount of inhibition that occurs through divisive normalization can account for perceptual consequences of autism, consistent with the hypothesis of an increased ratio of neural excitation to inhibition (E/I) in the disorder. These results thus establish a bridge between an E/I imbalance and behavioral data on autism that is currently absent. Interestingly, our findings implicate the context-dependent, neuronal milieu as a key factor in autism symptomatology, with autism reflecting a less “social” neuronal population. Through a broader discussion of perceptual data, we further examine how altered divisive normalization may contribute to a wide array of the disorder’s behavioral consequences. These analyses show how a computational framework can provide insights into the neural basis of autism and facilitate the generation of falsifiable hypotheses. A computational perspective on autism may help resolve debates within the field and aid in identifying physiological pathways to target in the treatment of the disorder. PMID:26170299

Designing an effective recognition award program. Dispelling the myths.

PubMed

Cherrington, D J

1993-01-01

Recognition award programs are effective when valuable symbolic awards are presented in a meaningful award ceremony. Valuable symbolic awards are more than just expensive merchandise. The best awards are functional jewelry or office/home accessories made of precious materials (such as gold and diamonds) that contain some form of symbolism, such as the company logo or colors. Meaningful presentations make employees feel genuinely appreciated and increase their job satisfaction and company commitment. The awards should be presented in the presence of coworkers by a higher-level manager who can articulate the employee's contribution to the company. A careless and casual award presentation can make employees feel demeaned and unappreciated.

76 FR 19792 - Notice of Intent To Award-Grant Awards for the Provision of Civil Legal Services to Eligible...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-08

... LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION Notice of Intent To Award--Grant Awards for the Provision of Civil Legal Services to Eligible Clients in Louisiana (Service Area LA- 1) Beginning June 2011 AGENCY: Legal...: The Legal Services Corporation (LSC) hereby announces its intention to award grants and contracts to...

Manual of Military Decorations and Awards: DoD-Wide Performance and Valor Awards; Foreign Awards; Military Awards to Foreign Personnel and U.S. Public Health Service Officers; and Miscellaneous Information

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-11-23

Indies Campaign Medal Women’s Army Corps Service Medal World War II Victory Medal Yangtze Service Medal Table 3. Foreign Awards Awarded...Philippine Islands who served on active duty at any time between December 7, 1941, and December 31, 1946. (45) Yangtze Service Medal. Department of...operations in the Yangtze River Valley, China, between September 3, 1926, and October 21, 1927, and between March 1, 1930, and December 31, 1932

Disorders Related to (And Sometimes Confused with) OCD

MedlinePlus

... perfectionism problems. Do not like their OCD “symptoms” Autism Spectrum Disorders To learn more: Read the Expert Opinion on Asperger’s and OCD. Visit the Autism Speaks Website . People with Autism Spectrum Disorders and ...

Frank H. Spedding award citation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Soderholm, Lynda

2003-02-01

Today it is my honor and my pleasure to present the Frank H. Spedding Award for Outstanding Contributions to the Science and Technology of the Rare Earths. Professor Spedding, after whom this award is named, was the former director of Ames Laboratory at Iowa State University. He received his Ph.D. in 1929 under the supervision of Professor G.N. Lewis and went on to receive the Langmuir Award in Pure Chemistry, awarded to a chemist, under 31 years old. With the advent of World War II he became involved with the Manhattan Project, and was present with Enrico Fermi during the first sustained pile reaction at the University of Chicago. Among Professor Spedding's most notable achievements was the development in the 1950s of a form of ion exchange displacement chromatography that permits the remarkably effective separation of neighboring rare-earth elements. Additionally, the Spedding team established the efficacy of EDTA in performing such separations.

Defining Autism: Variability in State Education Agency Definitions of and Evaluations for Autism Spectrum Disorders

PubMed Central

Pennington, Malinda L.; Cullinan, Douglas; Southern, Louise B.

2014-01-01

In light of the steady rise in the prevalence of students with autism, this study examined the definition of autism published by state education agencies (SEAs), as well as SEA-indicated evaluation procedures for determining student qualification for autism. We compared components of each SEA definition to aspects of autism from two authoritative sources: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) and Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA-2004). We also compared SEA-indicated evaluation procedures across SEAs to evaluation procedures noted in IDEA-2004. Results indicated that many more SEA definitions incorporate IDEA-2004 features than DSM-IV-TR features. However, despite similar foundations, SEA definitions of autism displayed considerable variability. Evaluation procedures were found to vary even more across SEAs. Moreover, within any particular SEA there often was little concordance between the definition (what autism is) and evaluation procedures (how autism is recognized). Recommendations for state and federal policy changes are discussed. PMID:24987527

Notification: Evaluation of EPA's Green Chemistry Challenge Awards and Use of Data from the Award Results

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Project #OPE-FY18-0003, January 9, 2018. The OIG plans to begin preliminary research to evaluate the agency's Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Awards and how the agency uses the data from the award nominations.

Autism Narratives in Media Coverage of the MMR Vaccine-Autism Controversy under a Crip Futurism Framework.

PubMed

Mann, Benjamin W

2018-03-09

While previous studies in health communication have examined online news media regarding autism, there is a lack of research that critically examines how such media representations may stigmatize autism and seeks to eliminate the condition, particularly in the context of the resurging measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine-autism controversy. To address this gap in the literature, this study analyzes 153 articles that engage the MMR vaccine-autism controversy from the top 10 online news sources in the U.S. from September 2015 through July 2017. It draws from Kafer's (2013) work in Feminist, Crip, Queer, using a lens of crip futurism to interpret three major narrative themes: a death and survival narrative that purports autism as a worst-case scenario, a societal problem narrative, and a preventative narrative that seeks to eliminate the condition. These themes suggest that online news media narratives about autism surrounding the autism-MMR controversy play into stereotypes about autism, including stigmatization and prioritization of preventive behaviors and cures over supporting the lived experiences of autistic individuals. Continued research on the impact of online media portrayals of autism specifically, and disability in health contexts generally, is called for.

A Comparison of the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) for the Quantitative Evaluation of Autism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Geier, David A.; Kern, Janet K.; Geier, Mark R.

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate scores generated from the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC), a parent-rated measure, and those derived from professionally completed Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) evaluations. A cohort of 56 participants diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder was used for the study, and each child was…

43 CFR 12.911 - Pre-award policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... With Institutions of Higher Education, Hospitals, and Other Non-Profit Organizations Pre-Award Requirements § 12.911 Pre-award policies. (a) Use of Grants and Cooperative Agreements, and Contracts. In each... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Pre-award policies. 12.911 Section 12.911...

49 CFR 19.11 - Pre-award policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... AGREEMENTS WITH INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION, HOSPITALS, AND OTHER NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS Pre-Award Requirements § 19.11 Pre-award policies. (a) Use of grants and cooperative agreements, and contracts. In each... 49 Transportation 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Pre-award policies. 19.11 Section 19.11...

22 CFR 518.11 - Pre-award policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... AGREEMENTS WITH INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION, HOSPITALS, AND OTHER NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS Pre-Award Requirements § 518.11 Pre-award policies. (a) Use of Grants and Cooperative Agreements, and Contracts. In each... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Pre-award policies. 518.11 Section 518.11...

43 CFR 12.911 - Pre-award policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... With Institutions of Higher Education, Hospitals, and Other Non-Profit Organizations Pre-Award Requirements § 12.911 Pre-award policies. (a) Use of Grants and Cooperative Agreements, and Contracts. In each... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Pre-award policies. 12.911 Section 12.911...

43 CFR 12.911 - Pre-award policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... With Institutions of Higher Education, Hospitals, and Other Non-Profit Organizations Pre-Award Requirements § 12.911 Pre-award policies. (a) Use of Grants and Cooperative Agreements, and Contracts. In each... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2012-10-01 2011-10-01 true Pre-award policies. 12.911 Section 12.911...

45 CFR 63.17 - Amount of award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... award. Federal assistance shall be provided only to meet allowable costs incurred by the award recipient... 45 Public Welfare 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Amount of award. 63.17 Section 63.17 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL ADMINISTRATION GRANT PROGRAMS ADMINISTERED BY THE...

45 CFR 63.17 - Amount of award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... award. Federal assistance shall be provided only to meet allowable costs incurred by the award recipient... 45 Public Welfare 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Amount of award. 63.17 Section 63.17 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL ADMINISTRATION GRANT PROGRAMS ADMINISTERED BY THE...

45 CFR 63.17 - Amount of award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... award. Federal assistance shall be provided only to meet allowable costs incurred by the award recipient... 45 Public Welfare 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Amount of award. 63.17 Section 63.17 Public Welfare Department of Health and Human Services GENERAL ADMINISTRATION GRANT PROGRAMS ADMINISTERED BY THE...

45 CFR 63.17 - Amount of award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... award. Federal assistance shall be provided only to meet allowable costs incurred by the award recipient... 45 Public Welfare 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Amount of award. 63.17 Section 63.17 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GENERAL ADMINISTRATION GRANT PROGRAMS ADMINISTERED BY THE...

NIH Career Development Awards in Clinical and Translational Science Award Institutions: Distinguishing Characteristics of Top Performing Sites

PubMed Central

Nakazono, Terry; Davidson, Pamela L.

2014-01-01

ABSTRACT Purpose To identify and disseminate the organizational characteristics of “top performing” National Institute of Health (NIH) Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) institutions in regards to career development, using the number of new K awards received per year to rank institutions and comparing these with non‐CTSA institutions. Methods The authors analyzed the organizational characteristics of all 61 CTSA institutions from 2006 to 2013 using the American Association of Medical Colleges Organizational Characteristics Database and K Award funding details using NIH RePORT. Results Five of the “top 10 performing” institutions are in the western region, and six out of the ten are public schools. Three of the “top 10 performing” institutions receive most of their K awards through two funding mechanisms—the K08 (mentored clinical scientist research award) and K23 (mentored patient‐oriented research career development awards). Notably, these three institutions lack a KL2 program. Conclusion The CTSA network of institutions is committed to developing the next generation of physician scientists in order to meet the pressing health needs of society. Educators and evaluators within this network may need to provide training to junior investigators beyond the traditional KL2 programs in order to advance their career development as physician scientists and clinical translational researchers. PMID:25044058

NIH Career Development Awards in Clinical and Translational Science Award institutions: distinguishing characteristics of top performing sites.

PubMed

Guerrero, Lourdes R; Nakazono, Terry; Davidson, Pamela L

2014-12-01

To identify and disseminate the organizational characteristics of "top performing" National Institute of Health (NIH) Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) institutions in regards to career development, using the number of new K awards received per year to rank institutions and comparing these with non-CTSA institutions. The authors analyzed the organizational characteristics of all 61 CTSA institutions from 2006 to 2013 using the American Association of Medical Colleges Organizational Characteristics Database and K Award funding details using NIH RePORT. Five of the "top 10 performing" institutions are in the western region, and six out of the ten are public schools. Three of the "top 10 performing" institutions receive most of their K awards through two funding mechanisms-the K08 (mentored clinical scientist research award) and K23 (mentored patient-oriented research career development awards). Notably, these three institutions lack a KL2 program. The CTSA network of institutions is committed to developing the next generation of physician scientists in order to meet the pressing health needs of society. Educators and evaluators within this network may need to provide training to junior investigators beyond the traditional KL2 programs in order to advance their career development as physician scientists and clinical translational researchers. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

A genetic study of autism in Costa Rica: multiple variables affecting IQ scores observed in a preliminary sample of autistic cases.

PubMed

McInnes, L Alison; González, Patricia Jiménez; Manghi, Elina R; Esquivel, Marcela; Monge, Silvia; Delgado, Marietha Fallas; Fournier, Eduardo; Bondy, Pamela; Castelle, Kathryn

2005-03-21

Autism is a heritable developmental disorder of communication and socialization that has not been well studied in Hispanic populations. Therefore, we are collecting and evaluating all possible cases of autism from a population isolate in the Central Valley of Costa Rica (CVCR) for a clinical and genetic study. We are assessing all subjects and parents, as appropriate, using the newly translated Spanish versions of the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) as well as tests of intelligence and adaptive behavior. Detailed obstetric and family medical/psychiatric histories are taken. All cases are tested for Fragile X and will be extensively evaluated for cytogenetic abnormalities. To date we have obtained clinical evaluations on over 76 cases of possible autism referred to our study and report data for the initial 35 complete cases. The mean age of the probands is 6.7 years, and 31 of the 35 cases are male. Twenty-one of the cases have IQs <50 and only 6 cases have IQs > or = 70. Over half of the mothers had complications during pregnancy and/or delivery. No cases have tested positively for Fragile X or PKU. Chromosomal G-banding is not yet complete for all cases. Diagnostic data gathered on cases of autism in the CVCR using Spanish versions of the ADI-R and ADOS look similar to that generated by studies of English-speaking cases. However, only 17% of our cases have IQs within the normal range, compared to the figure of 25% seen in most studies. This result reflects an ascertainment bias in that only severe cases of autism come to treatment in the CVCR because there are no government-sponsored support programs or early intervention programs providing an incentive to diagnose autism. The severity of mental retardation seen in most of our cases may also be exaggerated by the lack of early intervention programs and the use of IQ tests without Costa Rican norms. Still, we must formally train healthcare providers

Attitudes of the Autism Community to Early Autism Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fletcher-Watson, Sue; Apicella, Fabio; Auyeung, Bonnie; Beranova, Stepanka; Bonnet-Brilhault, Frederique; Canal-Bedia, Ricardo; Charman, Tony; Chericoni, Natasha; Conceição, Inês C.; Davies, Kim; Farroni, Teresa; Gomot, Marie; Jones, Emily; Kaale, Anett; Kapica, Katarzyna; Kawa, Rafal; Kylliäinen, Anneli; Larsen, Kenneth; Lefort-Besnard, Jeremy; Malvy, Joelle; Manso de Dios, Sara; Markovska-Simoska, Silvana; Millo, Inbal; Miranda, Natercia; Pasco, Greg; Pisula, Ewa; Raleva, Marija; Rogé, Bernadette; Salomone, Erica; Schjolberg, Synnve; Tomalski, Przemyslaw; Vicente, Astrid M.; Yirmiya, Nurit

2017-01-01

Investigation into the earliest signs of autism in infants has become a significant sub-field of autism research. This work invokes specific ethical concerns such as use of "at-risk" language, communicating study findings to parents and the future perspective of enrolled infants when they reach adulthood. This study aimed to ground this…

Online Speaking Strategy Assessment for Improving Speaking Ability in the Area of Language for Specific Purposes: The Case of Tourism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Phaiboonnugulkij, Malinee; Prapphal, Kanchana

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in strategies used in an online language for specific purposes (LSP) speaking test in tourism with two proficiency groups of students, and to investigate the strategies that should be used for low-proficiency students to improve their LSP speaking ability. The Web-based Speaking Test in…

2 CFR 182.605 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions § 182.605 Award. Award... includes: (1) A Federal grant or cooperative agreement, in the form of money or property in lieu of money... include: (1) Technical assistance that provides services instead of money. (2) Loans. (3) Loan guarantees...

Risk of schizophrenia and minority status: a comparison of the Swedish-speaking minority and the Finnish-speaking majority in Finland.

PubMed

Suvisaari, Jaana; Opler, Mark; Lindbohm, Marja-Liisa; Sallmén, Markku

2014-11-01

Approximately five percent of the Finnish population are Swedish-speaking and have higher socioeconomic position and longer life expectancy than the Finnish-speaking majority. Previous studies have not investigated whether Swedish-speaking Finns have lower risk of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) than Finnish-speaking Finns. We investigated this in a representative sample of 47 445 Finns born in 1972-1984. Hazard ratios of SSD between language groups were assessed with conditional proportional hazards regression. Sex, parental ages at birth, paternal employment around conception, parental psychosis and place and residence in the capital area were used as other explanatory variables. The prevalence of SSD was 0.7% in the Swedish-speaking minority and 1.5% in the Finnish-speaking majority. In the adjusted regression model, belonging to the Swedish-speaking minority was associated with lower risk of SSD (hazard ratio (HR) 0.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.24-0.69). In a subset analysis by gender, the protective effect was evident among Swedish-speaking males (HR 0.32, 95% CI 0.15-0.68) but marginal in females (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.41-1.37). Parental psychosis and place of birth in the capital area were associated with higher risk of SSD, whereas paternal employment at the time of conception was associated with lower risk of SSD. Our results support the role of social factors in the etiology of schizophrenia. Belonging to a minority with high socioeconomic status and social capital may be protective against schizophrenia, especially for males. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Risk of schizophrenia and minority status: a comparison of the Swedish-speaking minority and the Finnish-speaking majority in Finland

PubMed Central

Suvisaari, Jaana; Opler, Mark; Lindbohm, Marja-Liisa; Sallmén, Markku

2014-01-01

Approximately five percent of the Finnish population are Swedish-speaking and have higher socioeconomic position and longer life expectancy than the Finnish-speaking majority. Previous studies have not investigated whether Swedish-speaking Finns have lower risk of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) than Finnish-speaking Finns. We investigated this in a representative sample of 47 445 Finns born in 1972–1984. Hazard ratios of SSD between language groups were assessed with conditional proportional hazards regression. Sex, parental ages at birth, paternal employment around conception, parental psychosis and place and residence in the capital area were used as other explanatory variables. The prevalence of SSD was 0.7% in the Swedish-speaking minority and 1.5% in the Finnish-speaking majority. In the adjusted regression model, belonging to the Swedish-speaking minority was associated with lower risk of SSD (hazard ratio (HR) 0.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.24–0.69). In a subset analysis by gender, the protective effect was evident among Swedish-speaking males (HR 0.32, 95% CI 0.15–0.68) but marginal in females (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.41–1.37). Parental psychosis and place of birth in the capital area were associated with higher risk of SSD, whereas paternal employment at the time of conception was associated with lower risk of SSD. Our results support the role of social factors in the etiology of schizophrenia. Belonging to a minority with high socioeconomic status and social capital may be protective against schizophrenia, especially for males. PMID:25263996

An Analysis of Past Surgical Infection Society Award Recipients.

PubMed

Claridge, Jeffrey A; Banerjee, Aman; Zosa, Brenda M; Hydo, Lynn J; Lipsett, Pamela A; Barie, Philip S

2016-06-01

The Surgical Infection Society (SIS) through its foundation (FDTN) confers awards to individuals who demonstrate interest in researching infection in the surgical setting. We sought to characterize the research output from prior award recipients and determine the impact of these awards on the individual and the SIS. The SIS website was queried for the names of all past award recipients. A MEDLINE search of the recipients was performed. Total number of publications and publications in the society's journal, Surgical Infections (SI), were identified. Gender and leadership positions within SIS were determined. Meeting attendance and participation were assessed. Donations by scholarship recipient to the FDTN were evaluated. Between 1984 and 2012, 116 individuals received an SIS award or scholarship. Of these, 72% were male. There were 101 scholarships awarded, totaling nearly $3 million. Of the 19 new Junior Faculty Scholarships awarded, four were to consecutive recipients (CR). There were 11 clinical evaluative award scholarships awarded, three to CR. There were 100 Resident/Fellow scholarships awarded, and of these, 22 were awarded to CR. Past recipients had multiple publications (median total publications = 27; interquartile range (IQR): Nine to 62) and published multiple papers on the topic for which they received an award (median two; IQR: Zero to four). Recipients did not publish in SI (median SI publications = zero; IQR: Zero to one). There was no substantial difference in the number of publications by gender. Multiple awards (MA) were conferred to 26 (22%) individuals. Six (5.1%) assumed an executive position within SIS, two (1.7%) became SIS president. Those who received MA were more likely to serve as an officer than those who only received one award (15% vs. 2%, p = 0.02). Scholarships have a large benefit for individual recipients; however, the benefit to the society remains harder to quantify.

Massey Award Given to Harvey Tananbaum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2010-06-01

Dr. Harvey Tananbaum, director of the Chandra X-ray Center, has been selected as the recipient of the 2010 Massey Award for his career accomplishments in high-energy astrophysics in space. The Massey Award is given by the Royal Society of London and the Committee of Space Research (COSPAR) in memory of Sir Harrie Massey, past Physical Secretary of the Society and member of the COSPAR Bureau. The prestigious award recognizes outstanding contributions to the development of space research in which a leadership role is of particular importance. Dr. Harvey Tananbaum began his career at American Science and Engineering and has been an astrophysicist at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory since 1973. He was involved with pioneering X-ray astronomy missions including UHURU and the Einstein Observatory. Beginning in 1976, Dr. Tananbaum, along with Nobel Prize winner Dr. Riccardo Giacconi, led the team that proposed to NASA to study and design a large X-ray telescope. This project was launched 23 years later in 1999 as the Chandra X-ray Observatory, becoming NASA's flagship X-ray telescope. Dr. Tananbaum has served as the director of the Chandra X-ray Center since 1991. Dr. Tananbaum has received numerous awards from NASA as well as from other agencies and institutions, including the American Astronomical Society's Bruno Rossi Award in 2004 along with Chandra Project Scientist Martin Weisskopf. He is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and in 2005 was elected as a member of the United States National Academy of Science. The presentation of the Massey Award, along with the gold medal that accompanies it, will be made at the upcoming 2010 COSPAR meeting in Bremen, Germany in July. NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala., manages the Chandra program for NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington. The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory controls Chandra's science and flight operations from Cambridge, Mass. A complete

5 CFR 2610.311 - Payment of award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... THE EQUAL ACCESS TO JUSTICE ACT Procedures for Considering Applications § 2610.311 Payment of award..., Suite 500, 1201 New York Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20005-3917. The Office will pay the amount awarded to the applicant within 60 days, unless judicial review of the award or of the underlying decision of...

22 CFR 134.30 - Payment of award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... will pay the amount awarded to the applicant within 60 days, unless judicial review of the award or of... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Payment of award. 134.30 Section 134.30 Foreign Relations DEPARTMENT OF STATE MISCELLANEOUS EQUAL ACCESS TO JUSTICE ACT; IMPLEMENTATION Procedures for...

17 CFR 201.59 - Payment of award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... as authorized by law, unless judicial review of the award has been sought by the applicant. [54 FR... Regulations Pertaining to the Equal Access to Justice Act § 201.59 Payment of award. An applicant seeking... decision granting the award, accompanied by a sworn statement that the applicant will not seek review of...

The Interface of Syntax with Pragmatics and Prosody in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders.

PubMed

Terzi, Arhonto; Marinis, Theodoros; Francis, Kostantinos

2016-08-01

In order to study problems of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) with morphosyntax, we investigated twenty high-functioning Greek-speaking children (mean age: 6;11) and twenty age- and language-matched typically developing children on environments that allow or forbid object clitics or their corresponding noun phrase. Children with ASD fell behind typically developing children in comprehending and producing simple clitics and producing noun phrases in focus structures. The two groups performed similarly in comprehending and producing clitics in clitic left dislocation and in producing noun phrases in non-focus structures. We argue that children with ASD have difficulties at the interface of (morpho)syntax with pragmatics and prosody, namely, distinguishing a discourse prominent element, and considering intonation relevant for a particular interpretation that excludes clitics.

Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children Referred for Diagnostic Autism Evaluation.

PubMed

Monteiro, Sonia A; Spinks-Franklin, Adiaha; Treadwell-Deering, Diane; Berry, Leandra; Sellers-Vinson, Sherry; Smith, Eboni; Proud, Monica; Voigt, Robert G

2015-12-01

Increased public awareness of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and routine screening in primary care have contributed to increased requests for diagnostic ASD evaluations. However, given the scarcity of subspecialty autism diagnostic resources, overreferral of children suspected of having ASD may be contributing to long waiting lists at tertiary care autism centers and delaying diagnosis for those children who truly have ASD. To determine whether children are being excessively referred to ASD-specific diagnostic clinics, our objective was to determine the prevalence of true ASD diagnoses in children referred for diagnostic ASD evaluation. Charts of all patients referred to a regional autism center between April 2011 and August 2012 for suspicion of a possible ASD were retrospectively reviewed and demographic and clinical diagnoses abstracted. Only 214 of 348 patients evaluated (61%) received an ASD diagnosis. Thus, concerns about autism are not confirmed by an ASD diagnosis in a significant number of children. © The Author(s) 2015.

Head Circumference and Height in Autism

PubMed Central

Lainhart, Janet E.; Bigler, Erin D.; Bocian, Maureen; Coon, Hilary; Dinh, Elena; Dawson, Geraldine; Deutsch, Curtis K.; Dunn, Michelle; Estes, Annette; Tager-Flusberg, Helen; Folstein, Susan; Hepburn, Susan; Hyman, Susan; McMahon, William; Minshew, Nancy; Munson, Jeff; Osann, Kathy; Ozonoff, Sally; Rodier, Patricia; Rogers, Sally; Sigman, Marian; Spence, M. Anne; Stodgell, Christopher J.; Volkmar, Fred

2016-01-01

Data from 10 sites of the NICHD/NIDCD Collaborative Programs of Excellence in Autism were combined to study the distribution of head circumference and relationship to demographic and clinical variables. Three hundred thirty-eight probands with autism-spectrum disorder (ASD) including 208 probands with autism were studied along with 147 parents, 149 siblings, and typically developing controls. ASDs were diagnosed, and head circumference and clinical variables measured in a standardized manner across all sites. All subjects with autism met ADI-R, ADOS-G, DSM-IV, and ICD-10 criteria. The results show the distribution of standardized head circumference in autism is normal in shape, and the mean, variance, and rate of macrocephaly but not microcephaly are increased. Head circumference tends to be large relative to height in autism. No site, gender, age, SES, verbal, or non-verbal IQ effects were present in the autism sample. In addition to autism itself, standardized height and average parental head circumference were the most important factors predicting head circumference in individuals with autism. Mean standardized head circumference and rates of macrocephaly were similar in probands with autism and their parents. Increased head circumference was associated with a higher (more severe) ADI-R social algorithm score. Macrocephaly is associated with delayed onset of language. Although mean head circumference and rates of macrocephaly are increased in autism, a high degree of variability is present, underscoring the complex clinical heterogeneity of the disorder. The wide distribution of head circumference in autism has major implications for genetic, neuroimaging, and other neurobiological research. PMID:17022081

Building Speaking Fluency with Multiword Expressions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thomson, Haidee

2017-01-01

Previous research has shown a link between speaking fluently and using multiword expressions. However, evidence on how to effectively teach multiword expressions is limited. This study investigates the effect of fluency-oriented classroom teaching on speaking fluency, with special attention to multiword expressions. In this quasi-experimental…

NICBR Announces First Collaboration Project Awards | Poster

Cancer.gov

Courtesy of the NICBR Public Affairs/Community Relations Subcommittee The National Interagency Confederation for Biological Research (NICBR) announced the 2012 NICBR Collaboration Project Award (CPA) Program winners in December. The award, the first of its kind for NICBR, was adapted from the National Cancer Institute’s (NCI’s) Young Investigator Award Program. This year, the

15 CFR 18.6 - Standards for awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Standards for awards. 18.6 Section 18.6 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce ATTORNEY'S FEES AND OTHER EXPENSES General Provisions § 18.6 Standards for awards. (a) A prevailing applicant may receive an award for fees...

23 CFR 1350.7 - Post-award requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Post-award requirements. 1350.7 Section 1350.7 Highways... MOTORCYCLIST SAFETY PROGRAM § 1350.7 Post-award requirements. (a) Within 30 days after notification of award but in no event later than September 12 of each year, a State must submit electronically to the agency...

23 CFR 1350.7 - Post-award requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Post-award requirements. 1350.7 Section 1350.7 Highways... MOTORCYCLIST SAFETY PROGRAM § 1350.7 Post-award requirements. (a) Within 30 days after notification of award but in no event later than September 12 of each year, a State must submit electronically to the agency...

23 CFR 1350.7 - Post-award requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Post-award requirements. 1350.7 Section 1350.7 Highways... MOTORCYCLIST SAFETY PROGRAM § 1350.7 Post-award requirements. (a) Within 30 days after notification of award but in no event later than September 12 of each year, a State must submit electronically to the agency...

31 CFR 7.6 - Effect of awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Effect of awards. 7.6 Section 7.6 Money and Finance: Treasury Office of the Secretary of the Treasury EMPLOYEE INVENTIONS § 7.6 Effect of awards. The acceptance by an employee of a cash award for performance which constitutes an invention...

Language and Speech in Autism.

PubMed

Gernsbacher, Morton Ann; Morson, Emily M; Grace, Elizabeth J

2016-01-01

Autism is a developmental disability characterized by atypical social interaction, interests or body movements, and communication. Our review examines the empirical status of three communication phenomena believed to be unique to autism: pronoun reversal (using the pronoun you when the pronoun I is intended, and vice versa), echolalia (repeating what someone has said), and a reduced or even reversed production-comprehension lag (a reduction or reversal of the well-established finding that speakers produce less sophisticated language than they can comprehend). Each of these three phenomena has been claimed to be unique to autism; therefore, each has been proposed to be diagnostic of autism, and each has been interpreted in autism-centric ways (psychoanalytic interpretations of pronoun reversal, behaviorist interpretations of echolalia, and clinical lore about the production-comprehension lag). However, as our review demonstrates, none of these three phenomena is in fact unique to autism; none can or should serve as diagnostic of autism, and all call into question unwarranted assumptions about autistic persons and their language development and use.

Language and Speech in Autism

PubMed Central

Gernsbacher, Morton Ann; Morson, Emily M.; Grace, Elizabeth J.

2017-01-01

Autism is a developmental disability characterized by atypical social interaction, interests or body movements, and communication. Our review examines the empirical status of three communication phenomena believed to be unique to autism: pronoun reversal (using the pronoun you when the pronoun I is intended, and vice versa), echolalia (repeating what someone has said), and a reduced or even reversed production-comprehension lag (a reduction or reversal of the well-established finding that speakers produce less sophisticated language than they can comprehend). Each of these three phenomena has been claimed to be unique to autism; therefore, each has been proposed to be diagnostic of autism, and each has been interpreted in autism-centric ways (psychoanalytic interpretations of pronoun reversal, behaviorist interpretations of echolalia, and clinical lore about the production-comprehension lag). However, as our review demonstrates, none of these three phenomena is in fact unique to autism; none can or should serve as diagnostic of autism, and all call into question unwarranted assumptions about autistic persons and their language development and use. PMID:28127576

Directory of Awards. FY 1986.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Science Foundation, Washington, DC. Directorate for Science and Engineering Education.

The National Science Foundation (NSF) provides awards for education and research in the sciences, mathematics, and engineering. This publication contains information on fiscal year 1986 awards. An introductory section reviews the goals of NSF's education program and the long-range goals of the Directorate for Science and Engineering Education.…

42 CFR 64.6 - Awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Awards. 64.6 Section 64.6 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES FELLOWSHIPS, INTERNSHIPS, TRAINING NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE TRAINING GRANTS § 64.6 Awards. (a) Criteria. Within the limits of available funds, the...

42 CFR 64.6 - Awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Awards. 64.6 Section 64.6 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES FELLOWSHIPS, INTERNSHIPS, TRAINING NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE TRAINING GRANTS § 64.6 Awards. (a) Criteria. Within the limits of available funds, the...

42 CFR 64.6 - Awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Awards. 64.6 Section 64.6 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES FELLOWSHIPS, INTERNSHIPS, TRAINING NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE TRAINING GRANTS § 64.6 Awards. (a) Criteria. Within the limits of available funds, the...

42 CFR 64.6 - Awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Awards. 64.6 Section 64.6 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES FELLOWSHIPS, INTERNSHIPS, TRAINING NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE TRAINING GRANTS § 64.6 Awards. (a) Criteria. Within the limits of available funds, the...

42 CFR 64.6 - Awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Awards. 64.6 Section 64.6 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES FELLOWSHIPS, INTERNSHIPS, TRAINING NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE TRAINING GRANTS § 64.6 Awards. (a) Criteria. Within the limits of available funds, the...

Autism

PubMed Central

Levy, Susan E; Mandell, David S; Schultz, Robert T

2010-01-01

Autism spectrum disorders are characterised by severe deficits in socialisation, communication, and repetitive or unusual behaviours. Increases over time in the frequency of these disorders (to present rates of about 60 cases per 10 000 children) might be attributable to factors such as new administrative classifications, policy and practice changes, and increased awareness. Surveillance and screening strategies for early identification could enable early treatment and improved outcomes. Autism spectrum disorders are highly genetic and multifactorial, with many risk factors acting together. Genes that affect synaptic maturation are implicated, resulting in neurobiological theories focusing on connectivity and neural effects of gene expression. Several treatments might address core and comorbid symptoms. However, not all treatments have been adequately studied. Improved strategies for early identification with phenotypic characteristics and biological markers (eg, electrophysiological changes) might hopefully improve effectiveness of treatment. Further knowledge about early identification, neurobiology of autism, effective treatments, and the effect of this disorder on families is needed. PMID:19819542

Autism.

PubMed

Levy, Susan E; Mandell, David S; Schultz, Robert T

2009-11-07

Autism spectrum disorders are characterised by severe deficits in socialisation, communication, and repetitive or unusual behaviours. Increases over time in the frequency of these disorders (to present rates of about 60 cases per 10,000 children) might be attributable to factors such as new administrative classifications, policy and practice changes, and increased awareness. Surveillance and screening strategies for early identification could enable early treatment and improved outcomes. Autism spectrum disorders are highly genetic and multifactorial, with many risk factors acting together. Genes that affect synaptic maturation are implicated, resulting in neurobiological theories focusing on connectivity and neural effects of gene expression. Several treatments might address core and comorbid symptoms. However, not all treatments have been adequately studied. Improved strategies for early identification with phenotypic characteristics and biological markers (eg, electrophysiological changes) might hopefully improve effectiveness of treatment. Further knowledge about early identification, neurobiology of autism, effective treatments, and the effect of this disorder on families is needed.

Biological sex affects the neurobiology of autism.

PubMed

Lai, Meng-Chuan; Lombardo, Michael V; Suckling, John; Ruigrok, Amber N V; Chakrabarti, Bhismadev; Ecker, Christine; Deoni, Sean C L; Craig, Michael C; Murphy, Declan G M; Bullmore, Edward T; Baron-Cohen, Simon

2013-09-01

In autism, heterogeneity is the rule rather than the exception. One obvious source of heterogeneity is biological sex. Since autism was first recognized, males with autism have disproportionately skewed research. Females with autism have thus been relatively overlooked, and have generally been assumed to have the same underlying neurobiology as males with autism. Growing evidence, however, suggests that this is an oversimplification that risks obscuring the biological base of autism. This study seeks to answer two questions about how autism is modulated by biological sex at the level of the brain: (i) is the neuroanatomy of autism different in males and females? and (ii) does the neuroanatomy of autism fit predictions from the 'extreme male brain' theory of autism, in males and/or in females? Neuroanatomical features derived from voxel-based morphometry were compared in a sample of equal-sized high-functioning male and female adults with and without autism (n = 120, n = 30/group). The first question was investigated using a 2 × 2 factorial design, and by spatial overlap analyses of the neuroanatomy of autism in males and females. The second question was tested through spatial overlap analyses of specific patterns predicted by the extreme male brain theory. We found that the neuroanatomy of autism differed between adult males and females, evidenced by minimal spatial overlap (not different from that occurred under random condition) in both grey and white matter, and substantially large white matter regions showing significant sex × diagnosis interactions in the 2 × 2 factorial design. These suggest that autism manifests differently by biological sex. Furthermore, atypical brain areas in females with autism substantially and non-randomly (P < 0.001) overlapped with areas that were sexually dimorphic in neurotypical controls, in both grey and white matter, suggesting neural 'masculinization'. This was not seen in males with autism. How differences in neuroanatomy

Multilingualism in Brussels: "I'd Rather Speak English"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Donnell, Paul; Toebosch, AnneMarie

2008-01-01

Language is both a divisive and a unifying force in Brussels. Historically predominantly Dutch-speaking, surrounded by the officially Dutch-speaking federal state of Flanders, located in a majority Dutch-speaking nation-state, and with the majority of its Belgian citizens Francophone, Brussels has officially been bilingual Dutch-French since 1962.…

40 CFR 35.688 - Award limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... protection program or agrees to establish an approvable program within four years of the initial award. (b... within the four-year period after initial award. After the four-year period expires, the Regional...

10 CFR 603.830 - Pre-award costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... at the recipient's risk (e.g., DOE is not obligated to reimburse the costs if, for any reason, the recipient does not receive an award, or if the award is less than anticipated and inadequate to cover the... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Pre-award costs. 603.830 Section 603.830 Energy DEPARTMENT...

10 CFR 603.830 - Pre-award costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... at the recipient's risk (e.g., DOE is not obligated to reimburse the costs if, for any reason, the recipient does not receive an award, or if the award is less than anticipated and inadequate to cover the... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Pre-award costs. 603.830 Section 603.830 Energy DEPARTMENT...

10 CFR 603.830 - Pre-award costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... at the recipient's risk (e.g., DOE is not obligated to reimburse the costs if, for any reason, the recipient does not receive an award, or if the award is less than anticipated and inadequate to cover the... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Pre-award costs. 603.830 Section 603.830 Energy DEPARTMENT...

10 CFR 603.830 - Pre-award costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... at the recipient's risk (e.g., DOE is not obligated to reimburse the costs if, for any reason, the recipient does not receive an award, or if the award is less than anticipated and inadequate to cover the... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Pre-award costs. 603.830 Section 603.830 Energy DEPARTMENT...

10 CFR 603.830 - Pre-award costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... at the recipient's risk (e.g., DOE is not obligated to reimburse the costs if, for any reason, the recipient does not receive an award, or if the award is less than anticipated and inadequate to cover the... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Pre-award costs. 603.830 Section 603.830 Energy DEPARTMENT...

28 CFR 523.16 - Lump sum awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... TRANSFER COMPUTATION OF SENTENCE Extra Good Time § 523.16 Lump sum awards. Any staff member may recommend to the Warden the approval of an inmate for a lump sum award of extra good time. Such recommendations... make lump sum awards of extra good time not to exceed thirty days. If the recommendation is for an...

28 CFR 523.16 - Lump sum awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... TRANSFER COMPUTATION OF SENTENCE Extra Good Time § 523.16 Lump sum awards. Any staff member may recommend to the Warden the approval of an inmate for a lump sum award of extra good time. Such recommendations... make lump sum awards of extra good time not to exceed thirty days. If the recommendation is for an...

28 CFR 523.16 - Lump sum awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... TRANSFER COMPUTATION OF SENTENCE Extra Good Time § 523.16 Lump sum awards. Any staff member may recommend to the Warden the approval of an inmate for a lump sum award of extra good time. Such recommendations... make lump sum awards of extra good time not to exceed thirty days. If the recommendation is for an...

28 CFR 523.16 - Lump sum awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... TRANSFER COMPUTATION OF SENTENCE Extra Good Time § 523.16 Lump sum awards. Any staff member may recommend to the Warden the approval of an inmate for a lump sum award of extra good time. Such recommendations... make lump sum awards of extra good time not to exceed thirty days. If the recommendation is for an...

28 CFR 523.16 - Lump sum awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... TRANSFER COMPUTATION OF SENTENCE Extra Good Time § 523.16 Lump sum awards. Any staff member may recommend to the Warden the approval of an inmate for a lump sum award of extra good time. Such recommendations... make lump sum awards of extra good time not to exceed thirty days. If the recommendation is for an...

Chicago's Spanish-Speaking Population: Selected Statistics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chicago Dept. of Development and Planning, IL.

Based on selected data from the 1970 census, this report provides a general description of Chicago's Spanish-speaking population's: (1) general population characteristics; (2) age and family characteristics; (3) income; (4) labor force characteristics; (5) education; and (6) housing. Using the Census Bureau's definition of Spanish speaking (all…

32 CFR 644.118 - Awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 4 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Awards. 644.118 Section 644.118 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY (CONTINUED) REAL PROPERTY REAL ESTATE HANDBOOK... satisfactory, e.g., the history of past awards at this project or in the same judicial district, the basis used...

32 CFR 21.620 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Award. 21.620 Section 21.620 National Defense Department of Defense OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE DoD GRANT AND AGREEMENT REGULATIONS DoD GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS-GENERAL MATTERS Definitions § 21.620 Award. A grant, cooperative agreement, technology investment...

32 CFR 21.620 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Award. 21.620 Section 21.620 National Defense Department of Defense OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE DoD GRANT AND AGREEMENT REGULATIONS DoD GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS-GENERAL MATTERS Definitions § 21.620 Award. A grant, cooperative agreement, technology investment...

32 CFR 21.620 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Award. 21.620 Section 21.620 National Defense Department of Defense OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE DoD GRANT AND AGREEMENT REGULATIONS DoD GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS-GENERAL MATTERS Definitions § 21.620 Award. A grant, cooperative agreement, technology investment...

32 CFR 21.620 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Award. 21.620 Section 21.620 National Defense Department of Defense OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE DoD GRANT AND AGREEMENT REGULATIONS DoD GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS-GENERAL MATTERS Definitions § 21.620 Award. A grant, cooperative agreement, technology investment...

32 CFR 21.620 - Award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Award. 21.620 Section 21.620 National Defense Department of Defense OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE DoD GRANT AND AGREEMENT REGULATIONS DoD GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS-GENERAL MATTERS Definitions § 21.620 Award. A grant, cooperative agreement, technology investment...

Campus Technology Innovators Awards 2010

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lloyd, Meg; Raths, David

2010-01-01

Each year in judging the Campus Technology Innovators awards, the authors have the privilege of reading through hundreds of fascinating examples of technology innovation on campus. Nominated projects cover the gamut of technology areas, from assessment and advising to wireless and web 2.0. This article presents 11 innovator award winners of this…

78 FR 64249 - Notice of Intent To Award-Grant Awards for the Provision of Civil Legal Services to Eligible Low...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-28

... LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION Notice of Intent To Award--Grant Awards for the Provision of Civil Legal Services to Eligible Low-Income Clients Beginning January 1, 2014 AGENCY: Legal Services Corporation. ACTION: Announcement of intention to make FY 2014 Competitive Grant Awards. SUMMARY: The Legal...

77 FR 64551 - Notice of Intent to Award-Grant Awards for the Provision of Civil Legal Services to Eligible Low...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-22

... LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION Notice of Intent to Award--Grant Awards for the Provision of Civil Legal Services to Eligible Low-Income Clients Beginning January 1, 2013 AGENCY: Legal Services Corporation. ACTION: Announcement of intention to make FY 2013 Competitive Grant Awards. SUMMARY: The Legal...

76 FR 68221 - Notice of Intent To Award-Grant Awards for the Provision of Civil Legal Services to Eligible Low...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-03

... LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION Notice of Intent To Award--Grant Awards for the Provision of Civil Legal Services to Eligible Low-Income Clients Beginning January 1, 2012 AGENCY: Legal Services Corporation. ACTION: Announcement of intention to make FY 2012 Competitive Grant Awards. SUMMARY: The Legal...

The promise and the pitfalls of autism research: an introductory note for new autism researchers.

PubMed

Amaral, David G

2011-03-22

The last decade has seen an enormous growth in the quantity of research directed at understanding the biological underpinnings of autism spectrum disorders. This increase has been spurred on, in part, by research funding provided through private, parent advocacy groups. While increased funding and entry into autism research by scientists from many disciplines has facilitated the speed of discoveries germane to establishing the etiologies of autism, there remain a number of roadblocks to understanding autism sufficiently well to foster new treatments. This short article provides a brief overview of some of the achievements and some of the difficulties in conducting autism research. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Self-Regulated Strategy Instruction for Developing Speaking Proficiency and Reducing Speaking Anxiety of Egyptian University Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

El-Sakka, Samah Mohammed Fahim

2016-01-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of teaching some self-regulated strategies to Egyptian university students on improving their speaking proficiency and reducing their speaking anxiety. The design of the study was a one group pre-posttest quasi experimental design. Forty 3rd- year EFL university students were selected to form the…

Strategies of Learning Speaking Skill by Indonesian Learners of English and Their Contribution to Speaking Proficiency

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mistar, Junaidi; Umamah, Atik

2014-01-01

This paper was a subset report of a research project on skill-based English learning strategies by Indonesian EFL learners. It focusses on the attempts to reveal: (1) the differences in the use of strategies of learning speaking skill by male and female learners, and (2) the contribution of strategies of learning speaking skill on the learners'…

20 CFR 10.413 - If a person dies while receiving a schedule award, to whom is the balance of the schedule award...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false If a person dies while receiving a schedule award, to whom is the balance of the schedule award payable? 10.413 Section 10.413 Employees' Benefits... balance of the schedule award payable? The circumstances under which the balance of a schedule award may...

20 CFR 10.413 - If a person dies while receiving a schedule award, to whom is the balance of the schedule award...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false If a person dies while receiving a schedule award, to whom is the balance of the schedule award payable? 10.413 Section 10.413 Employees' Benefits... balance of the schedule award payable? The circumstances under which the balance of a schedule award may...

Autism: Clinical and Research Issues.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Accardo, Pasquale J., Ed.; Magnusen, Christy, Ed.; Capute, Arnold J., Ed.

This text examines the characteristics that define autism: impairments in communication; abnormal social development; and clinically significant odd behaviors. Specific chapters include: (1) Neural Mechanisms in Autism (Andrew W. Zimmerman and Barry Gordon); (2) Epidemiology of Autism and Other Pervasive Developmental Disorders: Current…

Effects of Sustained Impromptu Speaking and Goal Setting on Public Speaking Competency Development: A Case Study of EFL College Students in Morocco

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

El Mortaji, Latifa

2018-01-01

Research on impact of sustained impromptu speaking on public speaking competency development is scarce and lacking. The researcher investigated Moroccan college students' public speaking competency development through extemporaneous (i.e. carefully prepared and rehearsed) speech performance, after implementation of a teaching strategy involving…

Finnish Prenatal Study of Autism and Autism Spectrum Disorders (FIPS-A): Overview and Design

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lampi, Katja M.; Banerjee, P. Nina; Gissler, Mika; Hinkka-Yli-Salomaki, Susanna; Huttunen, Jukka; Kulmala, Ulla; Lindroos, Jarna; Niemela, Solja; Rihko, Maria; Ristkari, Terja; Saanakorpi, Kristiina; Sarlin, Tanja; Sillanmaki, Lauri; McKeague, Ian W.; Surcel, Helja-Marja; Helenius, Hans; Brown, Alan S.; Sourander, Andre

2011-01-01

This article presents an overview of the Finnish Prenatal Study of Autism and Autism Spectrum Disorders (FIPS-A), a new study designed to examine the relationship between prenatal serologic factors, mediating and moderating developmental antecedents, and risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The FIPS-A is based on register linkages between…

40 CFR 105.16 - How are award winners publicized?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 22 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false How are award winners publicized? 105.16 Section 105.16 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) WATER PROGRAMS RECOGNITION AWARDS UNDER THE CLEAN WATER ACT Awards Recognition § 105.16 How are award winners...

40 CFR 105.16 - How are award winners publicized?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 23 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false How are award winners publicized? 105.16 Section 105.16 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) WATER PROGRAMS RECOGNITION AWARDS UNDER THE CLEAN WATER ACT Awards Recognition § 105.16 How are award winners...

40 CFR 105.16 - How are award winners publicized?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 22 2014-07-01 2013-07-01 true How are award winners publicized? 105.16 Section 105.16 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) WATER PROGRAMS RECOGNITION AWARDS UNDER THE CLEAN WATER ACT Awards Recognition § 105.16 How are award winners...

40 CFR 105.16 - How are award winners publicized?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 21 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false How are award winners publicized? 105.16 Section 105.16 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) WATER PROGRAMS RECOGNITION AWARDS UNDER THE CLEAN WATER ACT Awards Recognition § 105.16 How are award winners...

An Experimental Analog of Public Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Droppleman, Leo F.; McNair, Douglas M.

1971-01-01

Using finger sweat prints and arousal ratings two different types of stress were measured: anticipation of, and stress during, simulated public speaking. The results indicated that the stress producing properties of public speaking can be reproduced in the laboratory, thus the model has acceptable stimulus properties and can be used in…

The Diagnosis of Autism and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Experience from Jamaica

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Samms-Vaughan, Maureen; Rahbar, Mohammad H.; Dickerson, Aisha S.; Loveland, Katherine A.; Hessabi, Manouchehr; Pearson, Deborah A.; Bressler, Jan; Shakespeare-Pellington, Sydonnie; Grove, Megan L.; Coore-Desai, Charlene; Reece, Jody; Boerwinkle, Eric

2017-01-01

The administration requirements of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, widely used in high-income countries, make them less feasible for diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in low- and middle-income countries. The flexible administration requirements of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale have…

The CLIPS Index: Critical Listening in Public Speaking.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glenn, Ethel C.; Pood, Elliott

Students in the traditional public speaking course spend the bulk of their time in listening, yet little structure is given to this time to improve its educational value. The assumption underlying the Critical Listening in Public Speaking (CLIPS) Index is that students' listening time can be used to learn more about public speaking by using a…

Autism traits in the RASopathies.

PubMed

Adviento, Brigid; Corbin, Iris L; Widjaja, Felicia; Desachy, Guillaume; Enrique, Nicole; Rosser, Tena; Risi, Susan; Marco, Elysa J; Hendren, Robert L; Bearden, Carrie E; Rauen, Katherine A; Weiss, Lauren A

2014-01-01

Mutations in Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (Ras/MAPK) pathway genes lead to a class of disorders known as RASopathies, including neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), Noonan syndrome (NS), Costello syndrome (CS), and cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome (CFC). Previous work has suggested potential genetic and phenotypic overlap between dysregulation of Ras/MAPK signalling and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Although the literature offers conflicting evidence for association of NF1 and autism, there has been no systematic evaluation of autism traits in the RASopathies as a class to support a role for germline Ras/MAPK activation in ASDs. We examined the association of autism traits with NF1, NS, CS and CFC, comparing affected probands with unaffected sibling controls and subjects with idiopathic ASDs using the qualitative Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) and the quantitative Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). Each of the four major RASopathies showed evidence for increased qualitative and quantitative autism traits compared with sibling controls. Further, each RASopathy exhibited a distinct distribution of quantitative social impairment. Levels of social responsiveness show some evidence of correlation between sibling pairs, and autism-like impairment showed a male bias similar to idiopathic ASDs. Higher prevalence and severity of autism traits in RASopathies compared to unaffected siblings suggests that dysregulation of Ras/MAPK signalling during development may be implicated in ASD risk. Evidence for sex bias and potential sibling correlation suggests that autism traits in the RASopathies share characteristics with autism traits in the general population and clinical ASD population and can shed light on idiopathic ASDs.

Mitochondrial dysfunction in autism.

PubMed

Giulivi, Cecilia; Zhang, Yi-Fan; Omanska-Klusek, Alicja; Ross-Inta, Catherine; Wong, Sarah; Hertz-Picciotto, Irva; Tassone, Flora; Pessah, Isaac N

2010-12-01

Impaired mitochondrial function may influence processes highly dependent on energy, such as neurodevelopment, and contribute to autism. No studies have evaluated mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) abnormalities in a well-defined population of children with autism. To evaluate mitochondrial defects in children with autism. Observational study using data collected from patients aged 2 to 5 years who were a subset of children participating in the Childhood Autism Risk From Genes and Environment study in California, which is a population-based, case-control investigation with confirmed autism cases and age-matched, genetically unrelated, typically developing controls, that was launched in 2003 and is still ongoing. Mitochondrial dysfunction and mtDNA abnormalities were evaluated in lymphocytes from 10 children with autism and 10 controls. Oxidative phosphorylation capacity, mtDNA copy number and deletions, mitochondrial rate of hydrogen peroxide production, and plasma lactate and pyruvate. The reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidase activity (normalized to citrate synthase activity) in lymphocytic mitochondria from children with autism was significantly lower compared with controls (mean, 4.4 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 2.8-6.0] vs 12 [95% CI, 8-16], respectively; P = .001). The majority of children with autism (6 of 10) had complex I activity below control range values. Higher plasma pyruvate levels were found in children with autism compared with controls (0.23 mM [95% CI, 0.15-0.31 mM] vs 0.08 mM [95% CI, 0.04-0.12 mM], respectively; P = .02). Eight of 10 cases had higher pyruvate levels but only 2 cases had higher lactate levels compared with controls. These results were consistent with the lower pyruvate dehydrogenase activity observed in children with autism compared with controls (1.0 [95% CI, 0.6-1.4] nmol × [min × mg protein](-1) vs 2.3 [95% CI, 1.7-2.9] nmol × [min × mg protein](-1), respectively; P = .01

Nominations sought for rcn fellowship awards.

PubMed

Harwood, Tricia

2006-09-20

Do you know of an RCN member who has made an outstanding contribution either to nursing or to the RCN? If so, there is an opportunity for you to nominate them for an award. The RCN is looking for nominations for RCN fellowships, honorary fellowships and the awards of merit. These honours are awarded by RCN council and will be given at congress 2007 in Harrogate. The nomination forms and guidance are available at the RCN website, www.rcn.org.uk . The closing date is November 16.

40 CFR 105.14 - How are award winners notified?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 22 2014-07-01 2013-07-01 true How are award winners notified? 105.14 Section 105.14 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) WATER PROGRAMS RECOGNITION AWARDS UNDER THE CLEAN WATER ACT Awards Recognition § 105.14 How are award winners notified? EPA...

40 CFR 105.14 - How are award winners notified?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 22 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false How are award winners notified? 105.14 Section 105.14 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) WATER PROGRAMS RECOGNITION AWARDS UNDER THE CLEAN WATER ACT Awards Recognition § 105.14 How are award winners notified? EPA...

40 CFR 105.14 - How are award winners notified?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 21 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false How are award winners notified? 105.14 Section 105.14 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) WATER PROGRAMS RECOGNITION AWARDS UNDER THE CLEAN WATER ACT Awards Recognition § 105.14 How are award winners notified? EPA...

40 CFR 105.14 - How are award winners notified?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 23 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false How are award winners notified? 105.14 Section 105.14 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) WATER PROGRAMS RECOGNITION AWARDS UNDER THE CLEAN WATER ACT Awards Recognition § 105.14 How are award winners notified? EPA...

Do Physicians Spend More Time with Non-English-Speaking Patients?

PubMed Central

Tocher, Thomas M; Larson, Eric B

1999-01-01

OBJECTIVE To determine whether physicians at a general internal medicine clinic spend more time with non-English-speaking patients. DESIGN A time-motion study comparing physician time spent with non-English-speaking patients and time spent with English-speaking patients during 5 months of observation. We also tested physicians’ perceptions of their time use with a questionnaire. SETTING Primary care internal medicine clinic at a county hospital. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS One hundred sixty-six established clinic patients, of whom 57 were non-English speaking and 109 were English speaking, and 15 attending physicians and 8 third-year resident physicians. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Outcome measures included total patient time in clinic, wait for first nurse or physician contact, time in contact with the nurse or physician, physician time spent on the visit, and physician perceptions of time use with non-English-speaking patients. After adjustment for demographic and comorbidity variables, non-English-speaking and English-speaking patients did not differ on any time-motion variables, including physician time spent on the visit (26.0 vs 25.8 minutes). A significant number of clinic physicians believed that they spent more time during a visit with non-English-speaking patients (85.7%) and needed more time to address important issues during a visit (90.4%), (both p < .01). Physicians did not perceive differences in the amount they accomplished during a visit with non-English-speaking patients. CONCLUSIONS There were no differences in the time these physicians spent providing care to non-English-speaking patients and English-speaking patients. An important limitation of this study is that we were unable to measure quality of care provided or patients’ satisfaction with their care. Physicians may believe that they are spending more time with non-English-speaking patients because of the challenges of language and cultural barriers. PMID:10337040

Update on autism and vaccines.

PubMed

McGuinness, Teena M; Lewis, Shannon

2010-06-01

As the rate of autism spectrum disorders rises, parents are searching for answers. In this article, a small study that fueled the belief in an association between autism and vaccines is reviewed, and the scientific evidence regarding the relationship between autism and vaccines is explored.

Green Space and Childhood Autism

EPA Science Inventory

Autism, a group of complex neurodevelopmental disorders typically identified in early childhood, affects more than 3 million people in the U.S. To date, the cause of autism is unclear. It is believed that autism results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors incl...

Biological sex affects the neurobiology of autism

PubMed Central

Lombardo, Michael V.; Suckling, John; Ruigrok, Amber N. V.; Chakrabarti, Bhismadev; Ecker, Christine; Deoni, Sean C. L.; Craig, Michael C.; Murphy, Declan G. M.; Bullmore, Edward T.; Baron-Cohen, Simon

2013-01-01

In autism, heterogeneity is the rule rather than the exception. One obvious source of heterogeneity is biological sex. Since autism was first recognized, males with autism have disproportionately skewed research. Females with autism have thus been relatively overlooked, and have generally been assumed to have the same underlying neurobiology as males with autism. Growing evidence, however, suggests that this is an oversimplification that risks obscuring the biological base of autism. This study seeks to answer two questions about how autism is modulated by biological sex at the level of the brain: (i) is the neuroanatomy of autism different in males and females? and (ii) does the neuroanatomy of autism fit predictions from the ‘extreme male brain’ theory of autism, in males and/or in females? Neuroanatomical features derived from voxel-based morphometry were compared in a sample of equal-sized high-functioning male and female adults with and without autism (n = 120, n = 30/group). The first question was investigated using a 2 × 2 factorial design, and by spatial overlap analyses of the neuroanatomy of autism in males and females. The second question was tested through spatial overlap analyses of specific patterns predicted by the extreme male brain theory. We found that the neuroanatomy of autism differed between adult males and females, evidenced by minimal spatial overlap (not different from that occurred under random condition) in both grey and white matter, and substantially large white matter regions showing significant sex × diagnosis interactions in the 2 × 2 factorial design. These suggest that autism manifests differently by biological sex. Furthermore, atypical brain areas in females with autism substantially and non-randomly (P < 0.001) overlapped with areas that were sexually dimorphic in neurotypical controls, in both grey and white matter, suggesting neural ‘masculinization’. This was not seen in males with autism. How differences in

NREL Wins Martin Luther King Award

Science.gov Websites

the Martin Luther King, Jr. Business Social Responsibility Award for its support of minority and women Luther King, Jr. Business Social Responsibility Award will be presented during ceremonies at 11:45 a.m

Teaching Public Speaking Using Aristotle's "Rhetoric."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Finkel, Candida

Rather than relegating Aristotle's "Rhetoric" to history of rhetoric courses, where it is regarded with only an antiquarian interest, it can be used as a practical text for introductory public speaking courses. The advantages would be threefold: (1) its emphasis is essentially on rhetoric as a speaking art rather than an art of…

Autism overflows: increasing prevalence and proliferating theories.

PubMed

Waterhouse, Lynn

2008-12-01

This selective review examines the lack of an explanation for the sharply increasing prevalence of autism, and the lack of any synthesis of the proliferating theories of autism. The most controversial and most widely disseminated notion for increasing prevalence is the measles-mumps-rubella/thimerosal vaccine theory. Less controversial causes that have been proposed include changes in autism diagnostic criteria, increasing services for autism, and growing awareness of the disorder. Regardless of its causes, the increasing prevalence of autism has put pressure on the field of autism research to generate productive and predictive theories of autism. However, the heterogeneity of brain deficits, impaired behaviors, and genetic variants in autism have challenged researchers and theorists, and despite 45 years of research, no standard causal synthesis has emerged. Research going forward should assume that autism is an aggregation of myriad independent disorders of impaired sociality, social cognition, communication, and motor and cognitive skills.

Autism and vitamin D.

PubMed

Cannell, John Jacob

2008-01-01

Any theory of autism's etiology must take into account its strong genetic basis while explaining its striking epidemiology. The apparent increase in the prevalence of autism over the last 20 years corresponds with increasing medical advice to avoid the sun, advice that has probably lowered vitamin D levels and would theoretically greatly lower activated vitamin D (calcitriol) levels in developing brains. Animal data has repeatedly shown that severe vitamin D deficiency during gestation dysregulates dozens of proteins involved in brain development and leads to rat pups with increased brain size and enlarged ventricles, abnormalities similar to those found in autistic children. Children with the Williams Syndrome, who can have greatly elevated calcitriol levels in early infancy, usually have phenotypes that are the opposite of autism. Children with vitamin D deficient rickets have several autistic markers that apparently disappear with high-dose vitamin D treatment. Estrogen and testosterone have very different effects on calcitriol's metabolism, differences that may explain the striking male/female sex ratios in autism. Calcitriol down-regulates production of inflammatory cytokines in the brain, cytokines that have been associated with autism. Consumption of vitamin D containing fish during pregnancy reduces autistic symptoms in offspring. Autism is more common in areas of impaired UVB penetration such as poleward latitudes, urban areas, areas with high air pollution, and areas of high precipitation. Autism is more common in dark-skinned persons and severe maternal vitamin D deficiency is exceptionally common the dark-skinned. simple Gaussian distributions of the enzyme that activates neural calcitriol combined with widespread gestational and/or early childhood vitamin D deficiency may explain both the genetics and epidemiology of autism. If so, much of the disease is iatrogenic, brought on by medical advice to avoid the sun. Several types of studies could easily

Understanding the Linguistic Needs of Diverse Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Some Comments on the Research Literature and Suggestions for Clinicians.

PubMed

Lim, Nataly; O'Reilly, Mark F; Sigafoos, Jeff; Lancioni, Giulio E

2018-03-12

The practice of advising bilingual parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to speak in a single language, often the majority language of the region, with their child with ASD seems to be common. Such advice, however, is not grounded on empirical evidence but appears to be based more on logical arguments and assumptions. In this commentary, fears surrounding dual language exposure and empirical evidence supporting bilingualism in children with ASD are discussed. Suggestions for future research and three key steps that clinicians can consider taking to better address the needs of diverse learners are provided.

Language-independent talker-specificity in first-language and second-language speech production by bilingual talkers: L1 speaking rate predicts L2 speaking rate

PubMed Central

Bradlow, Ann R.; Kim, Midam; Blasingame, Michael

2017-01-01

Second-language (L2) speech is consistently slower than first-language (L1) speech, and L1 speaking rate varies within- and across-talkers depending on many individual, situational, linguistic, and sociolinguistic factors. It is asked whether speaking rate is also determined by a language-independent talker-specific trait such that, across a group of bilinguals, L1 speaking rate significantly predicts L2 speaking rate. Two measurements of speaking rate were automatically extracted from recordings of read and spontaneous speech by English monolinguals (n = 27) and bilinguals from ten L1 backgrounds (n = 86): speech rate (syllables/second), and articulation rate (syllables/second excluding silent pauses). Replicating prior work, L2 speaking rates were significantly slower than L1 speaking rates both across-groups (monolinguals' L1 English vs bilinguals' L2 English), and across L1 and L2 within bilinguals. Critically, within the bilingual group, L1 speaking rate significantly predicted L2 speaking rate, suggesting that a significant portion of inter-talker variation in L2 speech is derived from inter-talker variation in L1 speech, and that individual variability in L2 spoken language production may be best understood within the context of individual variability in L1 spoken language production. PMID:28253679

34 CFR 690.67 - Receiving up to two Scheduled Awards during a single award year.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... a student in an award year if the student— (1) Is enrolled for credit or clock hours that are attributable to the student's second academic year in the award year; (2) Is enrolled in an eligible program... in 34 CFR part 668, subpart O for students with intellectual disabilities; and (3) Is enrolled at...

Effects of Rater Characteristics and Scoring Methods on Speaking Assessment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Matsugu, Sawako

2013-01-01

Understanding the sources of variance in speaking assessment is important in Japan where society's high demand for English speaking skills is growing. Three challenges threaten fair assessment of speaking. First, in Japanese university speaking courses, teachers are typically the only raters, but teachers' knowledge of their students may unfairly…

"SPEAKING-FOR" AND "SPEAKING-AS": PSEUDO-SURROGACY IN PHYSICIANPATIENT-COMPANION MEDICAL ENCOUNTERS ABOUT ADVANCED CANCER

PubMed Central

Mazer, Benjamin L.; Cameron, Rachel A.; DeLuca, Jane M.; Mohile, Supriya G.; Epstein, Ronald M.

2014-01-01

Objective To examine using audio-recorded encounters the extent and process of companion participation when discussing treatment choices and prognosis in the context of a life-limiting cancer diagnosis. Methods Qualitative analysis of transcribed outpatient visits between 17 oncologists, 49 patients with advanced cancer, and 34 companions. Results 46 qualifying companion statements were collected from a total of 28 conversations about treatment choices or prognosis. We identified a range of companion positions, from “pseudo-surrogacy” (companion speaking as if the patient were not able to speak for himself), “hearsay”, “conflation of thoughts”, “co-experiencing”, “observation as an outsider”, and “facilitation”. Statements made by companions were infrequently directly validated by the patient. Conclusions Companions often spoke on behalf of patients during discussions of prognosis and treatment choices, even when the patient was present and capable of speaking on his or her own behalf. Practice Implications The conversational role of companions as well as whether the physician checks with the patient can determine whether a companion facilitates or inhibits patient autonomy and involvement. Physicians can reduce ambiguity and encourage patient participation by being aware of the when and how companions may speak on behalf of patients and by corroborating the companion's statement with the patient. PMID:24862913

Expression of the Broad Autism Phenotype in Simplex Autism Families from the Simons Simplex Collection

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davidson, Julie; Goin-Kochel, Robin P.; Green-Snyder, Lee Anne; Hundley, Rachel J.; Warren, Zachary; Peters, Sarika U.

2014-01-01

The broad autism phenotype (BAP) refers to the phenotypic expression of an underlying genetic liability to autism, manifest in non-autistic relatives. This study examined the relationship among the "Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire" (BAPQ), "Social Responsiveness Scale: Adult Research Version" (SRS:ARV), and "Family…

49 CFR 663.23 - Description of pre-award audit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Description of pre-award audit. 663.23 Section 663.23 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PRE-AWARD AND POST-DELIVERY AUDITS OF ROLLING STOCK PURCHASES Pre-Award Audits § 663.23 Description of pre-award...

Special awards lighten up SPR banquet

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zwickl, Ron; Baker, Dan; Reiff, Pat