Collective Bargaining Agreement between American Association of University Professors, Eastern Montana College, and the Montana University System, July 1, 1981-June 30, 1985.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Montana Univ. System, Helena.

The collective bargaining agreement between the Montana University System and the Eastern Montana College Chapter (140 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period July 1, 1981-June 30, 1985 is presented. Items covered are: definitions, nondiscrimination and affirmative action, unit recognition and…

Collective Bargaining Agreement between Montana University System and the Northern Montana College Federation of Teachers, July 1, 1985-June 30, 1987.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Montana Univ. System, Helena.

The collective bargaining agreement between Montana University System and the Northern Montana College Federation of Teachers, an affiliate of the National Education Association, covering the period July 1, 1985-June 30, 1987, is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: unit recognition, dues deduction, access to information, use of…

Faculty Agreement 1983-1985: Oakland University and the Oakland University Chapter of the American Association of University Professors.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Univ. Professors, Washington, DC.

The collective bargaining agreement between Oakland University and the Oakland University Chapter (370 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period March 1, 1983-August 14, 1985 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: definitions and recognition of AAUP; work of the bargaining unit;…

Collective Bargaining Agreement by and between the Administration of Adelphi University and Adelphi University Chapter, American Association of University Professors, September 1, 1984-August 31, 1987.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Univ. Professors, Washington, DC.

The collective bargaining agreement between the Adelphi University Administration and the Adelphi University Chapter (540 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period September 1, 1984-August 31, 1987 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: definitions; recognition and definition of the…

Collective Bargaining Agreement between Portland State University Chapter, American Association of University Professors, and Portland State University [July 1, 1983-June 30, 1985].

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Portland State Univ., OR.

The collective bargaining agreement between Portland State University and Portland State University Chapter (550 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period July 1, 1983-June 30, 1985 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: definitions and recognition of AAUP, AAUP rights, exchange of…

Collective Bargaining Agreement by and between Hofstra University and the Hofstra Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, September 1, 1982-August 31, 1985.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Univ. Professors, Washington, DC.

The collective bargaining agreement between Hofstra University and the Hofstra University Chapter (340 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AARP) September 1, 1982-August 31, 1985 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: definitions and recognition of AAUP; faculty statutes and faculty policy series, the…

Collective Bargaining Agreement by and between Hofstra University and the Hofstra Chapter of the American Association of University Professors. September 1, 1988-August 31, 1991.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Univ. Professors, Washington, DC.

This document details the collective bargaining agreement between Hofstra University and the Hofstra Chapter of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) for the period September 1, 1988 to August 31, 1991. It presents the following 23 articles: list of definitions; recognition of AAUP; faculty statutes and policy series; general…

Collective Bargaining Agreement by and between Hofstra University and the Hofstra Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, September 1, 1985-August 31, 1988.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Univ. Professors, Washington, DC.

The collective bargaining agreement between Hofstra University and the Hofstra University Chapter of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period September 1, 1985-August 31, 1988 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: definitions and unit recognition; faculty statutes and faculty policy series; the…

Collective Bargaining Agreement between the Board of Trustees of Delaware State College and the Delaware State College Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, 1986-1990.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Delaware State Coll., Dover.

The collective bargaining agreement between the board of trustees and the Delaware State College chapter of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period 1986 to 1990 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: definitions; recognition of unit; non-discrimination; rights and privileges (professional dues…

Collective Bargaining Agreement between Lincoln University of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education and Lincoln University Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, September 1, 1986 to August 31, 1988.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lincoln Univ., PA.

The collective bargaining agreement between Lincoln University and the university chapter of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) is presented covering the period September 1, 1986 through August 31, 1988. The following 20 articles comprise the document: recognition; definitions; purpose of agreement; university administration;…

Collective Bargaining Agreement between the University of Connecticut Board of Trustees and the University of Connecticut Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, July 1, 1986-June 30, 1989.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Connecticut Univ., Storrs. Board of Trustees.

The collective bargaining agreement between the University of Connecticut Board of Trustees and the University of Connecticut Chapter of The American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period July 1, 1986-June 30, 1989 is presented. Items covered in the agreement are: recognition, exclusions, academic freedom, governance,…

12 CFR 269.3 - Recognition of a labor organization and its relationship to a Federal Reserve Bank.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Recognition of a labor organization and its... § 269.3 Recognition of a labor organization and its relationship to a Federal Reserve Bank. (a) Any labor organization shall be recognized as the exclusive bargaining representative of the employees in an...

Collective Bargaining Agreement between the Board of Trustees of Delaware State College and the Delaware State College Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, September 1, 1983-August 31, 1986.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Delaware State Coll., Dover.

The collective bargaining agreement between the Delaware State College Board of Trustees and the Delaware State College Chapter (145 members) of the American Association of University Professors covering the period September 1, 1983-August 31, 1986 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: unit recognition and definitions,…

Collective Bargaining Agreement between the University of Connecticut Board of Trustees and the University of Connecticut Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, July 1, 1984-June 30, 1986.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Connecticut Univ., Storrs. Board of Trustees.

The collective bargaining agreement between the University of Connecticut Board of Trustees and the University of Connecticut Chapter (1,410 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period July 1, 1984-June 30, 1986 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: unit recognition, exclusions, academic…

Faculty Voting Behavior in Temple University Collective Bargaining Elections.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mortimer, Kenneth P.; Ross, Naomi V.

This document reports on a survey of faculty voting behavior. The survey was months after a second election was held to determine whether or not faculty and support professionals at Temple University would be represented by a collective bargaining agent. The survey focused on the relationship between voting behavior and two potential sources of…

Automated Bilateral Negotiation and Bargaining Impasse

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lopes, Fernando; Novais, A. Q.; Coelho, Helder

The design and implementation of autonomous negotiating agents involve the consideration of insights from multiple relevant research areas to integrate different perspectives on negotiation. As a starting point for an interdisciplinary research effort, this paper employs game-theoretic techniques to define equilibrium strategies for the bargaining game of alternating offers and formalizes a set of negotiation strategies studied in the social sciences. This paper also shifts the emphasis to negotiations that are "difficult" to resolve and can hit an impasse. Specifically, it analyses a situation where two agents bargain over the division of the surplus of several distinct issues to demonstrate how a procedure to avoid impasses can be utilized in a specific negotiation setting. The procedure is based on the addition of new issues to the agenda during the course of negotiation and the exploration of the differences in the valuation of these issues to capitalize on Pareto optimal agreements.

The Agreement between the Southwest Wisconsin Board of Vocational, Technical & Adult Education and the Professional Staff Association, 1987-1990.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Southwest Wisconsin Vocational, Technical, and Adult Education District 3, Fennimore.

The collective bargaining agreement between the Southwest Wisconsin Board of Vocational, Technical and Adult Education and the Professional Staff Association of Southwest Wisconsin Technical Institute, the exclusive bargaining agent for all full-time teaching personnel in the college, is presented, covering the period 1987 to 1990. The 11 articles…

Virtual bargaining: a theory of social decision-making.

PubMed

Misyak, Jennifer B; Chater, Nick

2014-11-05

An essential element of goal-directed decision-making in social contexts is that agents' actions may be mutually interdependent. However, the most well-developed approaches to such strategic interactions, based on the Nash equilibrium concept in game theory, are sometimes too broad and at other times 'overlook' good solutions to fundamental social dilemmas and coordination problems. The authors propose a new theory of social decision-making-virtual bargaining-in which individuals decide among a set of moves on the basis of what they would agree to do if they could openly bargain. The core principles of a formal account are outlined (vis-à-vis the notions of 'feasible agreement' and explicit negotiation) and further illustrated with the introduction of a new game, dubbed the 'Boobytrap game' (a modification on the canonical Prisoner's Dilemma paradigm). In the first empirical data of how individuals play the Boobytrap game, participants' experimental choices accord well with a virtual bargaining perspective, but do not match predictions from a standard Nash account. Alternative frameworks are discussed, with specific empirical tests between these and virtual bargaining identified as future research directions. Lastly, it is proposed that virtual bargaining underpins a vast range of human activities, from social decision-making to joint action and communication.

Community College Agreement between the Alaska Community Colleges' Federation of Teachers Local 2404, AFT, and the University of Alaska, April 1, 1984-March 31, 1987.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alaska Univ., Fairbanks.

The collective bargaining agreement between the University of Alaska and the Alaska Community Colleges' Federation of Teachers, the exclusive bargaining agent for all statewide rural education learning center and community college faculty, is presented, covering the period between April 1, 1984 and March 31, 1987. The 13 articles in the agreement…

Agreement between Curry College and Curry College AAUP, 1984-86.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Curry Coll., Milton, MA.

The collective bargaining agreement between Curry College and the Curry College chapter (75 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period September 1984 to August 1986 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: unit recognition and definitions, academic freedom, no discrimination, exchange of…

The Influence of Noneconomic Factors on Negotiators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tracy, Lane

1974-01-01

Certain noneconomic factors in collective bargaining are directly related to the negotiator's personal inclination to settle for the new contract. In this study, the pattern of relationships between the parties, the nature of the work itself, favorable recognition, team policy, and interpersonal relationships proved to be significantly related to…

Agreement between The State of New York and United University Professions, 1985-1988.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New York State Executive Office, Albany.

The collective bargaining agreement between The State of New York and United University Professions, an affiliate of the American Federation of Teachers, for 1985 to 1988 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: unit recognition, grievance procedure, arbitration procedure, grievance appeals, labor-management meetings, academic…

Belleville Area College Memorandum of Understanding, 1984-1986.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Belleville Area Coll., IL.

The 1984-1985 and 1985-1986 collective bargaining agreement between the Belleville Area College Board of Trustees and the Belleville Area College Chapter (135 members) of the American Association of University Professors and the American Federation of Teachers is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: unit recognition and definitions,…

Research of negotiation in network trade system based on multi-agent

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cai, Jun; Wang, Guozheng; Wu, Haiyan

2009-07-01

A construction and implementation technology of network trade based on multi-agent is described in this paper. First, we researched the technology of multi-agent, then we discussed the consumer's behaviors and the negotiation between purchaser and bargainer which emerges in the traditional business mode and analysed the key technology to implement the network trade system. Finally, we implement the system.

Virtual bargaining: a theory of social decision-making

PubMed Central

Misyak, Jennifer B.; Chater, Nick

2014-01-01

An essential element of goal-directed decision-making in social contexts is that agents' actions may be mutually interdependent. However, the most well-developed approaches to such strategic interactions, based on the Nash equilibrium concept in game theory, are sometimes too broad and at other times ‘overlook’ good solutions to fundamental social dilemmas and coordination problems. The authors propose a new theory of social decision-making—virtual bargaining—in which individuals decide among a set of moves on the basis of what they would agree to do if they could openly bargain. The core principles of a formal account are outlined (vis-à-vis the notions of ‘feasible agreement’ and explicit negotiation) and further illustrated with the introduction of a new game, dubbed the ‘Boobytrap game’ (a modification on the canonical Prisoner's Dilemma paradigm). In the first empirical data of how individuals play the Boobytrap game, participants' experimental choices accord well with a virtual bargaining perspective, but do not match predictions from a standard Nash account. Alternative frameworks are discussed, with specific empirical tests between these and virtual bargaining identified as future research directions. Lastly, it is proposed that virtual bargaining underpins a vast range of human activities, from social decision-making to joint action and communication. PMID:25267828

Mesoscopic Effects in an Agent-Based Bargaining Model in Regular Lattices

PubMed Central

Poza, David J.; Santos, José I.; Galán, José M.; López-Paredes, Adolfo

2011-01-01

The effect of spatial structure has been proved very relevant in repeated games. In this work we propose an agent based model where a fixed finite population of tagged agents play iteratively the Nash demand game in a regular lattice. The model extends the multiagent bargaining model by Axtell, Epstein and Young [1] modifying the assumption of global interaction. Each agent is endowed with a memory and plays the best reply against the opponent's most frequent demand. We focus our analysis on the transient dynamics of the system, studying by computer simulation the set of states in which the system spends a considerable fraction of the time. The results show that all the possible persistent regimes in the global interaction model can also be observed in this spatial version. We also find that the mesoscopic properties of the interaction networks that the spatial distribution induces in the model have a significant impact on the diffusion of strategies, and can lead to new persistent regimes different from those found in previous research. In particular, community structure in the intratype interaction networks may cause that communities reach different persistent regimes as a consequence of the hindering diffusion effect of fluctuating agents at their borders. PMID:21408019

Mesoscopic effects in an agent-based bargaining model in regular lattices.

PubMed

Poza, David J; Santos, José I; Galán, José M; López-Paredes, Adolfo

2011-03-09

The effect of spatial structure has been proved very relevant in repeated games. In this work we propose an agent based model where a fixed finite population of tagged agents play iteratively the Nash demand game in a regular lattice. The model extends the multiagent bargaining model by Axtell, Epstein and Young modifying the assumption of global interaction. Each agent is endowed with a memory and plays the best reply against the opponent's most frequent demand. We focus our analysis on the transient dynamics of the system, studying by computer simulation the set of states in which the system spends a considerable fraction of the time. The results show that all the possible persistent regimes in the global interaction model can also be observed in this spatial version. We also find that the mesoscopic properties of the interaction networks that the spatial distribution induces in the model have a significant impact on the diffusion of strategies, and can lead to new persistent regimes different from those found in previous research. In particular, community structure in the intratype interaction networks may cause that communities reach different persistent regimes as a consequence of the hindering diffusion effect of fluctuating agents at their borders.

Supreme Court Update: Unions, Fair Share Agreements and the First Amendment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Russo, Charles J.

2007-01-01

As the most unionized segment of the public sector workforce in the USA, teachers and their bargaining representatives wield significant power in the world of educational labour relations and beyond. Yet, just as the First Amendment's freedom of association clause affords unions the right to exist, its concomitant recognition that employees are…

Agreement between Luzerne County Community College and Luzerne County Community College Association of Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Luzerne County Community Coll., Nanticoke, PA.

This agreement between the Luzerne County Community College and the Luzerne County Community College Association of Higher Education covers the 1973-74 year. The agreement includes the collective bargaining agreement, definitions, recognition, fair practices, conference, maintenance of membership, check-off, grievance procedure, rights of college,…

Agreement between Pittsburg State University/Kansas National Education Association and Pittsburg State University, 1989-90.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pittsburg State Univ., KS.

The collective bargaining agreement between Pittsburg State University and Pittsburg State University/Kansas National Education Association, an affiliate of the National Education Association, covering the period May 19, 1989 to June 30, 1990 is presented. The contract covers the following items: recognition; equal opportunity; salaries…

Part-Time Faculty in 2-Year Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education Newsletter, 1977

1977-01-01

Recognition clauses of negotiated faculty contracts from 139 two-year colleges were analyzed to determine the extent to which part-time faculty are included in the bargaining unit, and to examine contract references to part-time faculty. Approximately one-half (71) of the contracts did not include part-time faculty as members. Exclusion was either…

Agreement between Oakland University and the Oakland University Chapter, American Association of University Professors, 1985-88.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Univ. Professors, Washington, DC.

The collective bargaining agreement between Oakland University and the University's chapter (370 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period 1985-1988 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: definitions and recognition of AAUP, academic titles, AAUP rights, university management,…

Agreement between the State of New York and United University Professions--1988-1991.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New York State Executive Office, Albany.

The collective bargaining agreement between the State of New York and United University Professions, an affiliate of the American Federation of Teachers, for the period July 1, 1988 to June 30, 1991 is presented. The contract's 50 articles cover the following: recognition, unchallenged representation, exclusive negotiations, definitions, policies,…

1988-91 Agreement between Oakland University and the Oakland University Chapter, American Association of University Professors.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Univ. Professors, Washington, DC.

This document presents the 1988-91 agreement between Oakland University (Michigan) and the Oakland University Chapter of the American Association of University Professors. The following 32 articles are detailed: definitions; recognition; work of the bargaining unit; academic titles; association rights; University management; faculty employment,…

Agreement 1982-1985 between Rider College and the Rider College Chapter of the American Association of University Professors.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rider Coll., Trenton, NJ.

The collective bargaining agreement between Rider College and the Rider College Chapter (295 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period September 1, 1982-August 31, 1985 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: definitions and AAUP recognition; nondiscrimination; affirmative action;…

Summary of State Policy Regulations for Public Sector Labor Relations: Statutes, Attorney Generals' Opinions and Selected Court Decisions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Labor Management Services Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. Div. of Public Employee Labor Relations.

This chart represents a state-by-state compilation of the numerous statutes, executive orders, attorney general opinions, and court decisions which govern state and local government labor relations. Where available, information on each authority includes: (1) administrative body, (2) bargaining rights, (3) recognition rights and procedure, (4)…

Agreement between Vermont State Colleges and Vermont State Colleges Faculty Federation, AFT, VFT, Local 3180, AFL-CIO.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vermont State Commission on Higher Education.

The collective bargaining agreement between Vermont State Colleges (VSC) and Vermont State Colleges Faculty Federation, an affiliate of the American Federation of Teachers (AFT), is presented that covers the period from September 1, 1986 through August 31, 1988. The following 48 articles are included: definitions, recognition, management rights,…

Agreement between Vermont State Colleges and Vermont State Colleges Faculty Federation AFT, VFT, Local 3180, AFL-CIO.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vermont State Commission on Higher Education.

The collective bargaining agreement between the Vermont State Colleges and the Vermont State Colleges (VSC) Faculty Federation, American Federation of Teachers covering the period September 1, 1988 to August 31, 1990 is presented. The contract's 48 articles cover the following: definitions, recognition, management rights, federation rights,…

Agreement between Fairleigh Dickinson University and Fairleigh Dickinson University Council of American Association of University Professors Chapters, September 1, 1982-August 31, 1984.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Univ. Professors, Washington, DC.

The collective bargaining agreement between Fairleigh Dickinson University and Fairleigh Dickinson University Council (495 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) chapters covering the period September 1, 1982-August 31, 1984 is presented. Items covered are: unit recognition and definitions; nondiscrimination; base…

Agreement between University of Cincinnati and AAUP, University of Cincinnati Chapter, September 1, 1986 to August 31, 1989.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Univ. Professors, Washington, DC.

The collective bargaining agreement between the University of Cincinnati and the university chapter of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period September 1, 1986 through August 31, 1989 is presented. The 42 articles, grouped into seven categories, cover the following: (1) basic principles (recognition and…

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hao, He; Lian, Jianming; Kalsi, Karanjit

The HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air- Conditioning) system of commercial buildings is a complex system with a large number of dynamically interacting components. In particular, the thermal dynamics of each zone are coupled with those of the neighboring zones. In this paper, we study a multi-agent based approach to model and control commercial building HVAC system for providing grid services. In the multi-agent system (MAS), individual zones are modeled as agents that can communicate, interact, and negotiate with one another to achieve a common objective. We first propose a distributed characterization method on the aggregated airflow (and thus fan power)more » flexibility that the HVAC system can provide to the ancillary service market. Then, we propose a Nash-bargaining based airflow allocation strategy to track a dispatch signal (that is within the offered flexibility limit) while respecting the preference and flexibility of individual zones. Moreover, we devise a distributed algorithm to obtain the Nash bargaining solution via dual decomposition and average consensus. Numerical simulations illustrate that the proposed distributed protocols are much more scalable than the centralized approaches especially when the system becomes larger and more complex.« less

Master Agreement between Detroit College of Business and Detroit College of Business Faculty Association, July 1, 1982-June 30, 1986.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Detroit Coll. of Business, MI.

The collective bargaining agreement between Detroit College of Business and Detroit College of Business Faculty Association Chapter (17 full-time faculty members) of the National Education Association covering the period July 1, 1982-June 30, 1986 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: unit recognition, association relations,…

Agreement between Rutgers the State University of New Jersey and Rutgers Council of American Association of University Professors Chapters, July 1, 1986-June 30, 1989.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Univ. Professors, Washington, DC.

The collective bargaining agreement between Rutgers and the Rutgers Council of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) chapters is presented, covering the period from July 1, 1986 through June 30, 1989. Topics include the following: purpose; academic freedom; recognition; nondiscrimination; deduction of professional dues;…

Agreement between Bard College and the Bard College Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, 1984-1985.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bard Coll., Annandale-on-Hudson, NY.

The collective bargaining agreement between Bard College and the 60-member Bard College Chapter of the American Association of University Professors for the period June 1, 1984-June 1, 1985 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: recognition of the unit, faculty notice of termination, tenure, adequate cause for dismissal, hearings on…

Agreement between Eastern Michigan University and the Eastern Michigan University Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, September 1, 1985-August 31, 1987.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Univ. Professors, Washington, DC.

The collective bargaining agreement between Eastern Michigan University and the Eastern Michigan University Chapter of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period September 1, 1985-August 31, 1987 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: definitions, unit recognition, management rights, union rights,…

Agreement between Coast Federation of Employees/American Federation of Teachers Local 1911 Faculty Unit and Coast Community College District, January 14, 1987.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coast Community Coll. District, Costa Mesa, CA.

This collective bargaining agreement between the faculty unit of the Coast Federation of Employees and Coast Community College District establishes conditions of employment for all full-time certificated employees of the district. The articles in the agreement set forth provisions related to: (1) union recognition; (2) definitions; (3) the…

Agreement between Lake Superior State University and Lake Superior State University Faculty Association MEA-NEA. Effective Sept. 1, 1988 to August 31, 1991.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lake Superior State Univ., Sault Sainte Marie, MI.

The collective bargaining agreement between Lake Superior State University (Michigan) and the Lake Superior State University Faculty Association, an affiliate of the National Education Association, covering the period September 1, 1988 to August 31, 1991 is presented. The agreement covers the following items: definitions; recognition; association…

Agreement between Rider College and the Rider College Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, September 1, 1985-August 31, 1988.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rider Coll., Trenton, NJ.

The collective bargaining agreement between Rider College and the Rider College Chapter of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period September 1, 1985-August 31, 1988 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: definitions and unit recognition; nondiscrimination; affirmative action; academic freedom;…

Agreement between Rhode Island Board of Governors and University of Rhode Island Chapter, American Association of University Professors, 1983-1985.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rhode Island Univ., Kingston.

The collective bargaining agreement between Rhode Island Board of Governors and University of Rhode Island Chapter (710 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period July 1, 1983-June 30, 1985 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: definitions and AAUP recognition, management rights,…

Collective Bargaining Agreement By and Between University of Bridgeport and University of Bridgeport Chapter, American Association of University Professors.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bridgeport Univ., CT.

The purpose of this agreement is to provide the faculty-professional rank staff and the University of Bridgeport with a contract that will insure a healthy and viable institution of higher learning, capable of supporting a quality educational program. Articles of the agreement cover: definitions and construction; recognition of the AAUP; general…

Agreement between Western Michigan University and the WMU Chapter of the American Association of University Professors for September 5, 1984-September 6, 1987.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Univ. Professors, Washington, DC.

The collective bargaining agreement between Western Michigan University and the Western Michigan University Chapter (805 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period September 5, 1984--September 6, 1987 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: definitions and AAUP recognition, management and…

Master Agreement between Northern Michigan University Board of Control and American Association of University Professors, Northern Michigan Chapter, June 30, 1987-June 30 1990.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Univ. Professors, Washington, DC.

The collective bargaining agreement between Northern Michigan University Board of Control and Northern Michigan University chapter of the American Association of University Professors covering the period June 30, 1987-June 30, 1990 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: chapter recognition, nondiscrimination, access to information,…

Memorandum of Understanding between University of California and University Council, American Federation of Teachers, Non-Senate Instructional Unit, July 1 1986-June 30, 1988.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

California Univ. System.

The collective bargaining agreement between University of California and University Council, American Federation of Teachers, Non-Senate Instructional Unit, for the period covering July 1, 1986-June 30, 1988, is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: unit recognition; academic freedom; academic responsibility; nondiscrimination;…

Agreement between Lakeshore Vocational, Technical and Adult Education District Board and Lakeshore Education Association, 1987-1989.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

1987

The agreement between the Lakeshore Vocational, Technical and Adult Education District Board and the Lakeshore Education Association is presented for the period 1987-1989. The articles in the agreement set forth provisions related to: (1) recognition and composition of the bargaining unit; (2) pay variations for various or unusual conditions; (3)…

Agreement between Central State University and the American Association of University Professors Central State University Chapter. September 1, 1988-August 31, 1991.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Univ. Professors, Washington, DC.

This document presents the agreement between Central State University and the Central State University Chapter of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) for the period September 1, 1988-August 31, 1991. The contract details the following 48 articles: agreement; agreement construction; recognition of the bargaining unit; AAUP…

Agreement between Eastern Michigan University and the Eastern Michigan University Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, November, 1982.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Univ. Professors, Washington, DC.

The collective bargaining agreement between Eastern Michigan University (EMU) and the EMU Chapter (600 members) of the AAUP covering the period November 18, 1982-August 31, 1985 is presented. Items covered are: unit recognition and definitions, EMU's right to manage, information provided to the union, union use of facilities/services, released…

Agreement between Board of Control, Northern Michigan University, and American Association of University Professors, Northern Michigan University Chapter, July 1, 1984-June 30, 1987.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Univ. Professors, Washington, DC.

The collective bargaining agreement between Northern Michigan University Board of Control and Northern Michigan University Chapter (280 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period July 1, 1984-June 30, 1987 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: definitions and recognition of AAUP;…

Two-Year Agreement between the Board of Waubonsee Community College (Community College District No. 516) and Waubonsee Community College Faculty Federation Local #2065, 1988-1990.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waubonsee Community Coll., Sugar Grove, IL.

The collective bargaining agreement between the Board of Community College District No. 516, State of Illinois, and the Waubonsee Community College Faculty Federation Local #2065 is presented. This contract, covering the period from June 10, 1988 through June 11, 1990, deals with the following topics: Federation recognition and definitions;…

Collective Bargaining Agreement between Board of Trustees of Lower Columbia College District 13 and Lower Columbia Faculty Association, 1987-1990.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lower Columbia Coll., Longview, WA.

This contractual agreement between the Board of Trustees of Lower Columbia College (LCC) District 13 and the Lower Columbia College Faculty Association outlines the terms of employment for all academic employees of the district. The 13 articles in the agreement set forth provisions related to: (1) recognition of the association as exclusive…

Agreement between the Board of Trustees of the California State Universtiy and the California Faculty Association. Unit 3--Faculty. August 16, 1983-June 30, 1986.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

California Faculty Association.

The collective bargaining agreement between the Board of Trustees of the California State University and the California Faculty Association chapter (18,000 members) of the National Education Association (NEA) covering the period August 16, 1983-June 30, 1986 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: unit recognition; definitions;…

Agreement between the Board of Control of Ferris State College and the Ferris College Faculty Association (MEA/NEA), November 12, 1984-June 30, 1987.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Michigan Education Association, East Lansing.

The collective bargaining agreement between the Board of Ferris State College and Ferris Faculty Association Chapter (507 members), an affiliate of the National Education Association and the Michigan Education Association, covering the period November 12, 1984-June 30, 1987 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: unit recognition,…

Employment Agreement between the County of Ulster and the Ulster County Community College Faculty Association, September 1, 1987 to August 31, 1990.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ulster County Community Coll., Stone Ridge, NY.

The employment agreement between the County of Ulster and the Ulster County Community College Faculty Association is presented, covering the period between September 1, 1987 and August 31, 1990. The six articles in the agreement set forth provisions related to: (1) recognition of the bargaining unit; (2) salaries and work load, including overload…

Agreement between Long Island University and the Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, 1981-1986.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Long Island Univ., Brooklyn, NY.

The collective bargaining agreement between Long Island University and the Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences Chapter (50 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period November 1, 1981-November 1, 1986 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: AAUP recognition,…

A Master Agreement between the State of Iowa Board of Regents and the Uni-United Faculty of University of Northern Iowa, July 1, 1987-June 30, 1989.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Iowa State Board of Regents, Des Moines.

The collective bargaining agreement between the State of Iowa Board of Regents and the University of Northern Iowa Uni-United Faculty, an affiliate of the National Education Association, for the period July 1, 1987-June 30, 1989 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: unit recognition; university facilities; faculty evaluation by…

Agreement between the Board of Trustees of Union County College and the Union County College Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, September 1, 1984-August 31, 1987.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Union Coll., Cransford, NJ.

The collective bargaining agreement between Union County College Board of Trustees and the Union County College Chapter (100 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period September 1, 1984-August 31, 1987 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: definitions and AAUP recognition, chapter…

4 CFR 28.116 - Conduct of elections.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... collective bargaining agent, or withdraw such a designation; (3) Order a runoff or an additional election, if... runoff election may be held. (i) Runoff election. The Board may order a runoff election where one or more... employees eligible to vote, but none has gained a majority of the votes cast. The runoff election will be...

Agreement entered into between New York Institute of Technology and the Council of Metropolitan and Old Westbury Chapters of the American Association of University Professors at the New York Institute of Technology, September 1, 1983 until August 31, 1986.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New York Inst. of Tech., Old Westbury.

The collective bargaining agreement between New York Institute of Technology and the Council of Metropolitan and Old Westbury chapters (220 members) of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period September 1, 1983-August 31, 1986 is presented. Items covered in the agreement include: definitions and recognition of…

Agreement Between Bard College and the Bard College Chapter of the American Association of University Professors. 1978-1979.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bard Coll., Annandale-on-Hudson, NY.

An agreement between Bard College and Bard College Chapter of the AAUP is presented. The college recognized the Chapter as a collective bargaining agent for the faculty but also recognizes the right of individual faculty members or the college president to discuss and establish particular arrangements to cover individual faculty employment…

Automatic negotiation: playing the domain instead of the opponent

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Erez, Eden S.; Zuckerman, Inon; Hermel, Dror

2017-05-01

An automated negotiator is an intelligent agent whose task is to reach the best possible agreement. We explore a novel approach to developing a negotiation strategy, a 'domain-based approach'. Specifically, we use two domain parameters, reservation value and discount factor, to cluster the domain into different regions, in each of which we employ a heuristic strategy based on the notions of temporal flexibility and bargaining strength. Following the presentation of our cognitive and formal models, we show in an extensive experimental study that an agent based on that approach wins against the top agents of the automated negotiation competition of 2012 and 2013, and attained the second place in 2014.

Academic Collective Bargaining.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mortimer, Kenneth P.

1977-01-01

Issues concerning collective bargaining by college faculties, the bargaining team, and the board's role in bargaining are considered. Reasons why faculties want to bargain and principles that are pertinent to the transfer of the industrial model to the campus scene are examined. It is suggested that the board is the employer for private…

EMOTION RECOGNITION OF VIRTUAL AGENTS FACIAL EXPRESSIONS: THE EFFECTS OF AGE AND EMOTION INTENSITY

PubMed Central

Beer, Jenay M.; Fisk, Arthur D.; Rogers, Wendy A.

2014-01-01

People make determinations about the social characteristics of an agent (e.g., robot or virtual agent) by interpreting social cues displayed by the agent, such as facial expressions. Although a considerable amount of research has been conducted investigating age-related differences in emotion recognition of human faces (e.g., Sullivan, & Ruffman, 2004), the effect of age on emotion identification of virtual agent facial expressions has been largely unexplored. Age-related differences in emotion recognition of facial expressions are an important factor to consider in the design of agents that may assist older adults in a recreational or healthcare setting. The purpose of the current research was to investigate whether age-related differences in facial emotion recognition can extend to emotion-expressive virtual agents. Younger and older adults performed a recognition task with a virtual agent expressing six basic emotions. Larger age-related differences were expected for virtual agents displaying negative emotions, such as anger, sadness, and fear. In fact, the results indicated that older adults showed a decrease in emotion recognition accuracy for a virtual agent's emotions of anger, fear, and happiness. PMID:25552896

Scope of Public Sector Bargaining in 14 Selected States. Special Report 25. Update.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Academic Collective Bargaining Information Service, Washington, DC.

As faculty and other public sector unions become more sophisticated in collective bargaining, they tend to lay a greater variety of demands on the table. This, in turn, forces the employer to ask, Do I really have to bargain about these subjects? As more employers refuse to bargain, more unions charge them with failing to bargain in good faith,…

A Program to Prepare Older Workers for Retirement and Interest Community Groups in Pre-Retirement Planning. First Annual Report. June 1, 1967 to August 31, 1968.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Drake Univ., Des Moines, IA. Pre-Retirement Planning Center.

The purpose of this program is to develop methods for aiding older employed workers in preparing for retirement and possible retirement employment. The Drake Project jointly funded by the Administration on the Aging is conducting sessions in-plant through release time arrangement often on cooperation with the recognized bargaining agent. Other…

Hospital-insurer bargaining: an empirical investigation of appendectomy pricing.

PubMed

Brooks, J M; Dor, A; Wong, H S

1997-08-01

Employers' increased sensitivity to health care costs has forced insurers to seek ways to lower costs through effective bargaining with providers. What factors determine the prices negotiated between hospitals and insurers? The hospital-insurer interaction is captured in the context of a bargaining model, in which the gains from bargaining are explicitly defined. Appendectomy was chosen because it is a well-defined procedure with little clinical variation. Our results show that certain hospital institutional arrangements (e.g. hospital affiliations), HMO penetration, and greater hospital concentration improve hospitals' bargaining position. Furthermore, hospitals' bargaining effectiveness has diminished over time and varies across states.

7 CFR 989.12a - Cooperative bargaining association.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Cooperative bargaining association. 989.12a Section... PRODUCED FROM GRAPES GROWN IN CALIFORNIA Order Regulating Handling Definitions § 989.12a Cooperative bargaining association. Cooperative bargaining association means a nonprofit cooperative association of...

10 CFR 707.15 - Collective bargaining.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Collective bargaining. 707.15 Section 707.15 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY WORKPLACE SUBSTANCE ABUSE PROGRAMS AT DOE SITES Procedures § 707.15 Collective bargaining. When establishing drug testing programs, contractors who are parties to collective bargaining...

10 CFR 707.15 - Collective bargaining.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Collective bargaining. 707.15 Section 707.15 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY WORKPLACE SUBSTANCE ABUSE PROGRAMS AT DOE SITES Procedures § 707.15 Collective bargaining. When establishing drug testing programs, contractors who are parties to collective bargaining...

10 CFR 707.15 - Collective bargaining.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Collective bargaining. 707.15 Section 707.15 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY WORKPLACE SUBSTANCE ABUSE PROGRAMS AT DOE SITES Procedures § 707.15 Collective bargaining. When establishing drug testing programs, contractors who are parties to collective bargaining...

10 CFR 707.15 - Collective bargaining.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Collective bargaining. 707.15 Section 707.15 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY WORKPLACE SUBSTANCE ABUSE PROGRAMS AT DOE SITES Procedures § 707.15 Collective bargaining. When establishing drug testing programs, contractors who are parties to collective bargaining...

10 CFR 707.15 - Collective bargaining.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Collective bargaining. 707.15 Section 707.15 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY WORKPLACE SUBSTANCE ABUSE PROGRAMS AT DOE SITES Procedures § 707.15 Collective bargaining. When establishing drug testing programs, contractors who are parties to collective bargaining...

A Trustee Takes the Offensive--Defanging the Teachers Union

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Potter, George

1974-01-01

College boards must carefully prepare for collective bargaining if they cannot prevent state laws requiring collective bargaining from enactment. This article outlines a good collective bargaining act and describes methods for boards to avoid entering into collective bargaining and to deal with it if forced. (DC)

29 CFR 1620.23 - Collective bargaining agreements not a defense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Section 1620.23 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION THE EQUAL PAY ACT § 1620.23 Collective bargaining agreements not a defense. The establishment by collective bargaining or inclusion in a collective bargaining agreement of unequal rates of pay does not...

Reciprocity in Negotiations: An Analysis of Bargaining Interaction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Putnam, Linda L.; Jones, Tricia S.

1982-01-01

Examines the role of reciprocity in bargaining interaction. Focuses on labor/management differences in communication structure; their impact on bargaining outcomes; and the effect of sex-role composition on bargaining communication. Results, among other findings, demonstrated that management relied on defensive tactics while labor specialized in…

The Impact of Collective Bargaining on School Management and Policy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mitchell, Douglas E.; And Others

1981-01-01

One-year study of policy effects of collective bargaining in eight Illinois and California school districts found both sides' emotional commitment to bargaining positions, conflict over security and autonomy, and bargaining styles generated policy changes. Available from American Journal of Education, University of Chicago Press, 5801 South Ellis…

Collective Bargaining in the Public Schools: Issues, Tactics, and New Strategies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lunenburg, Fred C.

Collective bargaining is the process of negotiating and administering a contract agreement between a union and the employing organization. Although the specific provisions of collective bargaining agreements vary from one school to another, the collective bargaining process, and negotiated contract generally, address the following issues:…

The A.B.C.'s of the C.B.A. (Collective Bargaining Act). Government Code Sections 3540, Etc.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

San Mateo County Board of Education, Redwood City, CA.

This summary of California's Collective Bargaining Act outlines the essential points of this state law, including the processes to be employed for bargaining unit determination, definition and settlement of unfair labor practices, ascertainment of the scope of negotiations, certification of exclusive bargaining representatives, arbitration, and…

Creative Academic Bargaining: Managing Conflict in the Unionized College and University.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Birnbaum, Robert

The evolution of collective bargaining in higher education and factors that lead academic bargaining from destructive conflict to cooperation are examined. Academic bargaining is viewed as a form of shared authority, but one with unusual institutional and organizational problems that may lead toward destructive, rather than constructive conflict.…

Collective Bargaining: An Educational Technology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Brien, Gavin W.

Collective bargaining is a technology and not a philosophy or set of moral values. There seems to be an almost irresistible urge among authors of educational bargaining statutes to adopt the basic tenets of private-sector labor law. However, employment and collective bargaining are different in the public sector than in the private sector, and one…

Research Project on Students and Collective Bargaining. Final Report, Year One.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shark, Alan R.; And Others

The Research Project on Students and Collective Bargaining is designed to foster dialogue about the impact of academic collective bargaining on students and to encourage further research and development on the question of student involvement in the collective bargaining process. First-year objectives were to: collect and catalog information and…

29 CFR 103.30 - Appropriate bargaining units in the health care industry.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Appropriate bargaining units in the health care industry. 103.30 Section 103.30 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD OTHER RULES Appropriate Bargaining Units § 103.30 Appropriate bargaining units in the health care industry. (a) This...

29 CFR 103.30 - Appropriate bargaining units in the health care industry.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Appropriate bargaining units in the health care industry. 103.30 Section 103.30 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD OTHER RULES Appropriate Bargaining Units § 103.30 Appropriate bargaining units in the health care industry. (a) This...

29 CFR 103.30 - Appropriate bargaining units in the health care industry.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Appropriate bargaining units in the health care industry. 103.30 Section 103.30 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD OTHER RULES Appropriate Bargaining Units § 103.30 Appropriate bargaining units in the health care industry. (a) This...

29 CFR 103.30 - Appropriate bargaining units in the health care industry.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Appropriate bargaining units in the health care industry. 103.30 Section 103.30 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD OTHER RULES Appropriate Bargaining Units § 103.30 Appropriate bargaining units in the health care industry. (a) This...

29 CFR 103.30 - Appropriate bargaining units in the health care industry.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Appropriate bargaining units in the health care industry. 103.30 Section 103.30 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD OTHER RULES Appropriate Bargaining Units § 103.30 Appropriate bargaining units in the health care industry. (a) This...

Negotiating in an Anarchy: Faculty Collective Bargaining and Organizational Cognition. ASHE Annual Meeting Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Birnbaum, Robert

Symbolic and cognitive organizational perspectives were used to analyze a case study of a complete academic bargaining cycle. The researcher, as participant-observer, had access to all bargaining sessions and to both union and administration caucuses. Although bargaining is often considered a rational process, this case illuminated the processes…

Teacher Unions and Teacher Compensation: New Evidence for the Impact of Bargaining

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cowen, Joshua M.

2009-01-01

A small number of studies have examined the importance of collective bargaining agreements in the context of teacher quality, school finance, or student outcomes. Although the evidence for a bargaining effect on most measures is mixed, the preponderance has suggested that bargaining increases expenditures on teacher compensation. In this article,…

Collective Bargaining in Higher Education. The State of the Art.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Julius, Daniel J., Ed.

American higher education collective bargaining is addressed in 21 essays by administrators and academicians who are actively engaged in the process. Titles and authors are as follows: "The Context of Collective Bargaining in American Colleges and Universities" (Kenneth P. Mortimer); "Collective Bargaining in the Multi-Campus System" (Richard E.…

Strategic reasoning and bargaining in catastrophic climate change games

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Verendel, Vilhelm; Johansson, Daniel J. A.; Lindgren, Kristian

2016-03-01

Two decades of international negotiations show that agreeing on emission levels for climate change mitigation is a hard challenge. However, if early warning signals were to show an upcoming tipping point with catastrophic damage, theory and experiments suggest this could simplify collective action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. At the actual threshold, no country would have a free-ride incentive to increase emissions over the tipping point, but it remains for countries to negotiate their emission levels to reach these agreements. We model agents bargaining for emission levels using strategic reasoning to predict emission bids by others and ask how this affects the possibility of reaching agreements that avoid catastrophic damage. It is known that policy elites often use a higher degree of strategic reasoning, and in our model this increases the risk for climate catastrophe. Moreover, some forms of higher strategic reasoning make agreements to reduce greenhouse gases unstable. We use empirically informed levels of strategic reasoning when simulating the model.

Collective Bargaining: The Faculty Viewpoint; and What Collective Bargaining Means to University Administrators. IRTHE Volume 6, Number 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Riechmann, Sheryl; And Others

What causes faculty to vote for collective bargaining? Undoubtedly, there is no single answer. A common factor reported by many institutions is some faculty dissatisfaction with compensation, course loads, governance systems, and job security. Another answer, proposed by Ladd and Lipset, is that the rapid growth of collective bargaining in higher…

The Effects of Collective Bargaining on Public Schools in Michigan and New York. An Occasional Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eberts, Randall W.; Pierce, Lawrence C.

Research findings from a study of collective bargaining in New York and Michigan school districts indicate that collective bargaining does have a significant impact on the allocation of resources in ways that affect student learning. These findings support hypotheses based on the theory that collective bargaining will make a difference in resource…

A Bad Bargain: How Teacher Collective Bargaining Affects Students' Employment and Earnings Later in Life

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lovenheim, Michael F.; Willén, Alexander

2016-01-01

Today, more than 60 percent of teachers in the United States work under a union contract. The rights of teachers to unionize and bargain together have expanded dramatically since the late 1950s, when states began passing "duty-to-bargain" (DTB) laws that required school districts to negotiate with teachers unions in good faith. Recently,…

Grid commerce, market-driven G-negotiation, and Grid resource management.

PubMed

Sim, Kwang Mong

2006-12-01

Although the management of resources is essential for realizing a computational grid, providing an efficient resource allocation mechanism is a complex undertaking. Since Grid providers and consumers may be independent bodies, negotiation among them is necessary. The contribution of this paper is showing that market-driven agents (MDAs) are appropriate tools for Grid resource negotiation. MDAs are e-negotiation agents designed with the flexibility of: 1) making adjustable amounts of concession taking into account market rivalry, outside options, and time preferences and 2) relaxing bargaining terms in the face of intense pressure. A heterogeneous testbed consisting of several types of e-negotiation agents to simulate a Grid computing environment was developed. It compares the performance of MDAs against other e-negotiation agents (e.g., Kasbah) in a Grid-commerce environment. Empirical results show that MDAs generally achieve: 1) higher budget efficiencies in many market situations than other e-negotiation agents in the testbed and 2) higher success rates in acquiring Grid resources under high Grid loadings.

Bargaining for Open Skies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wojahn, Oliver W.

2001-01-01

In this paper we analyze the bargaining problem between countries when negotiating bilateral air service agreements. To do so, we use the methods of bargaining and game theory. We give special attention to the case where a liberal minded country is trying to convince a less liberal country to agree to bilateral open skies, and the liberal country might also unilaterally open up its market. The following analysis is positive in the sense that the results help explain and predict the outcome of negotiations under different payoffs and structures of the bargaining process. They are normative in the sense that adequate manipulation of the bargaining conditions can ensure a desired outcome.

29 CFR 531.6 - Effects of collective bargaining agreements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... REGULATIONS WAGE PAYMENTS UNDER THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT OF 1938 Determinations of âReasonable Costâ and âFair Valueâ; Effects of Collective Bargaining Agreements § 531.6 Effects of collective bargaining...

Bargaining Agents in Wireless Contexts: An Alternating-Offers Protocol for Multi-issue Bilateral Negotiation in Mobile Marketplaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ragone, Azzurra; Ruta, Michele; di Sciascio, Eugenio; Donini, Francesco M.

We present an approach to multi-issue bilateral negotiation for mobile commerce scenarios. The negotiation mechanism has been integrated in a semantic-based application layer enhancing both RFID and Bluetooth wireless standards. OWL DL has been used to model advertisements and relationships among issues within a shared common ontology. Finally, non standard inference services integrated with utility theory help in finding suitable agreements. We illustrate and motivate the provided theoretical framework in a wireless commerce case study.

Constructive Conflict in Academic Bargaining.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Birnbaum, Robert

1980-01-01

Collective bargaining is seen as a process of shared authority used in some institutions to manage conflict. Some ways in which parties to bargaining can significantly alter their relationships to promote constructive and creative outcomes of conflict are suggested. (MLW)

Workers' Well-Being and Productivity: The Role of Bargaining.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mayer, Jean

1983-01-01

Bargaining that makes available facilities for satisfaction of workers' basic needs can contribute to increased productivity, which in turn enhances competitiveness. Such bargaining can be an effective means of extending and reinforcing national economic planning. (SK)

Campus Bargaining at the Crossroads. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions (10th, New York, New York, April 1982).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Douglas, Joel M., Ed.

Twelve papers from the 1982 conference of the National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions are presented. Following an introduction by Joel M. Douglas, the following papers and authors are presented: "Campus Bargaining and the Law: A Decade of Higher Education Collective…

Trust or robustness? An ecological approach to the study of auction and bilateral markets.

PubMed

Hernández, Laura; Vignes, Annick; Saba, Stéphanie

2018-01-01

Centralized markets are often considered more efficient than bilateral exchanges because information is public and the same for all the agents. On decentralized markets, where the information is private, the influence of trust on the market outcome has been underlined by many authors. We present an empirical study of the distinctive Boulogne-sur-Mer Fish Market (where both buyers and sellers can choose to trade by either bidding or bargaining), focused on the interactions between agents. Our approach is inspired by studies of mutualistic ecosystems, where the agents are of two different types (as in plant-pollinator networks) and the interactions only take place between agents of different kinds, naturally providing benefits to both. In our context, where the two kinds of agents are buyers and sellers, our study shows that not only do their interactions bring economic benefits for the agents directly involved, but they also contribute to the stability of the market. Our results help to explain the surprising coexistence of the two forms of market in the distinctive Boulogne sur Mer Fish Market.

Trust or robustness? An ecological approach to the study of auction and bilateral markets

PubMed Central

Vignes, Annick; Saba, Stéphanie

2018-01-01

Centralized markets are often considered more efficient than bilateral exchanges because information is public and the same for all the agents. On decentralized markets, where the information is private, the influence of trust on the market outcome has been underlined by many authors. We present an empirical study of the distinctive Boulogne-sur-Mer Fish Market (where both buyers and sellers can choose to trade by either bidding or bargaining), focused on the interactions between agents. Our approach is inspired by studies of mutualistic ecosystems, where the agents are of two different types (as in plant-pollinator networks) and the interactions only take place between agents of different kinds, naturally providing benefits to both. In our context, where the two kinds of agents are buyers and sellers, our study shows that not only do their interactions bring economic benefits for the agents directly involved, but they also contribute to the stability of the market. Our results help to explain the surprising coexistence of the two forms of market in the distinctive Boulogne sur Mer Fish Market. PMID:29734331

Structural Reform in Higher Education Collective Bargaining. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions (12th, New York, New York, April 1984).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Douglas, Joel M., Ed.

Structural reform in higher education collective bargaining is examined in these conference proceedings, along with recent state bargaining legislation, and legal, union, and management views concerning sex discrimination in higher education. The 19 article topics and authors include: the problem of reshaping the fringe package (Claude Campbell);…

Campus Bargaining in the Eighties: A Retrospective and a Prospective Look. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education (8th, New York, New York, April 1980).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levenstein, Aaron, Ed.

Proceedings of the 1980 conference of the National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education, which focused on campus bargaining the eighties, are presented. Contents are as follows: "The Economic Environment in the Eighties: the Necessity for Joint Action," by Gerie Bledsoe; "The Legal Environment: The…

A Strategic Bargaining Game for a Spectrum Sharing Scheme in Cognitive Radio-Based Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks.

PubMed

Mao, Yuxing; Cheng, Tao; Zhao, Huiyuan; Shen, Na

2017-11-27

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), unlicensed users, that is, sensor nodes, have excessively exploited the unlicensed radio spectrum. Through Cognitive Radio (CR), licensed radio spectra, which are owned by licensed users, can be partly or entirely shared with unlicensed users. This paper proposes a strategic bargaining spectrum-sharing scheme, considering a CR-based heterogeneous WSN (HWSN). The sensors of HWSNs are discrepant and exist in different wireless environments, which leads to various signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) for the same or different licensed users. Unlicensed users bargain with licensed users regarding the spectrum price. In each round of bargaining, licensed users are allowed to adaptively adjust their spectrum price to the best for maximizing their profits. . Then, each unlicensed user makes their best response and informs licensed users of "bargaining" and "warning". Through finite rounds of bargaining, this scheme can obtain a Nash bargaining solution (NBS), which makes all licensed and unlicensed users reach an agreement. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can quickly find a NBS and all players in the game prefer to be honest. The proposed scheme outperforms existing schemes, within a certain range, in terms of fairness and trade success probability.

A bargaining game analysis of international climate negotiations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smead, Rory; Sandler, Ronald L.; Forber, Patrick; Basl, John

2014-06-01

Climate negotiations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change have so far failed to achieve a robust international agreement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Game theory has been used to investigate possible climate negotiation solutions and strategies for accomplishing them. Negotiations have been primarily modelled as public goods games such as the Prisoner's Dilemma, though coordination games or games of conflict have also been used. Many of these models have solutions, in the form of equilibria, corresponding to possible positive outcomes--that is, agreements with the requisite emissions reduction commitments. Other work on large-scale social dilemmas suggests that it should be possible to resolve the climate problem. It therefore seems that equilibrium selection may be a barrier to successful negotiations. Here we use an N-player bargaining game in an agent-based model with learning dynamics to examine the past failures of and future prospects for a robust international climate agreement. The model suggests reasons why the desirable solutions identified in previous game-theoretic models have not yet been accomplished in practice and what mechanisms might be used to achieve these solutions.

5 CFR 9701.205 - Bar on collective bargaining.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Bar on collective bargaining. 9701.205 Section 9701.205 Administrative Personnel DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT... HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Classification General § 9701.205 Bar on collective bargaining. As...

The Unionized Professoriate: A Discriminating Appraisal. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions (14th, New York, New York, April 1986).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Douglas, Joel M., Ed.

Collective bargaining in higher education and a few other fields is examined in 21 papers from a 1986 conference of the National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions. After an introduction by Joel M. Douglas, the academic collective bargaining system is reexamined in four papers. Additional papers…

The Implications of "NLRB v. Yeshiva University."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grenig, Jay E.

1980-01-01

The decision will have little impact on public universities in those states that have public employee bargaining statutes expressly including university faculty members. However, it may provide ammunition for anticollective bargaining forces in states where the legislatures are considering whether to extend collective bargaining to university…

Collective Bargaining.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goldschmidt, Steven M.

This chapter deals with the legal process by which employers and employee organizations discuss matters related to employment. The chapter is organized to reflect the initial sequence of events in the collective bargaining process. Cases are reported and analyzed in nine sections: obligation and authority to bargain; unit determination and…

Working Together: The Collaborative Style of Bargaining.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Stuart C.; And Others

Although conventional collective bargaining has helped teachers achieve greater professional status, its win/lose approach causes participants to overlook shared educational objectives. Since the first experiments in win/win bargaining, the acrimony generated by the adversarial process has led an increasing number of school districts to…

Collective Bargaining: Its Impact on Educational Cost.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Atherton, P. J.

Since the Ontario (Canada) legislation in 1975 that formalized collective bargaining for teachers, public concern has focused on collective bargaining as the possible cause of recent enrollment declines and increases in schooling costs. However, according to Ontario provincial statistics, enrollment in elementary schools had begun to decline…

Study of the effects of plea bargaining motor vehicle offenses : final report, December 2009.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-12-01

The objectives of this study were to examine the impact of plea bargaining point-carrying moving violations to zero-point : offenses on roadway safety in New Jersey and to assess the impact of plea bargaining on New Jersey Motor Vehicle : Commission ...

Faculty Power: Collective Bargaining on Campus.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tice, Terrence N., Ed.; Holmes, Grace W., Ed.

This document, an outgrowth of the national conference of the Institute of Continuing Legal Education held in 1971, sets forth the views of lawyers and educators concerning the legal, economic, and institutional implications of faculty collective bargaining. Part I, principles and practices of collective bargaining, discusses legal principles of…

36 CFR 254.10 - Bargaining; arbitration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Bargaining; arbitration. 254.10 Section 254.10 Parks, Forests, and Public Property FOREST SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... determine values. Bargaining or any other process must be based on an objective analysis of the valuation in...

Collective Bargaining: Explaining California's System. Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howell, Penny

Collective bargaining to establish salaries, benefits, and working conditions for public school employees is now an institutionalized fact of life in California. Virtually all public school districts participate in collective bargaining. School districts can implement most new laws--from class-size reduction to teacher evaluation--only after they…

5 CFR 9701.518 - Duty to bargain, confer, and consult.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Duty to bargain, confer, and consult. 9701.518 Section 9701.518 Administrative Personnel DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY HUMAN RESOURCES... SECURITY HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Labor-Management Relations § 9701.518 Duty to bargain, confer...

Teachers' Collective Bargaining in Ontario: An Introduction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thomas, Alan M.

Laws regarding Ontario teachers' collective bargaining have implications for continuing education. "Continuing education" here means a system of education that serves everyone irrespective of age and to which access at any time is a right. Teacher collective bargaining laws are important in a system of continuing education because these…

Collaboration and the Collective-Bargaining Process in Public Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Noggle, Matthew

2010-01-01

In the vast majority of school districts, the collective-bargaining process has evolved little during the past few decades. Teachers unions have successfully represented teachers' economic and job security interests by linking them to collective bargaining and procedural due process rights, but district administrators continue to make the…

Academic Bargaining: Origins and Growth.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Begin, James P.; And Others

The determinants of faculty bargaining, including the impact of the organizational context of faculty behavior toward bargaining, are discussed in relation to findings from existing studies and findings from a longitudinal study of the New Jersey system of higher education. The introduction of this book provides the general context for studying…

Collective Bargaining Agreements, Labor Relations, Division of Personnel

Science.gov Websites

Relations / Labor Relations / Collective Bargaining Agreement Collective Bargaining Agreements Indexed below , 2014 July 1, 2004 - June 30, 2007 One year supplemental agreement not ratified by IBU July 1, 2008 Agreement Frequently Asked Questions Interpretative Memoranda Union Contact List Contact Us Labor Relations

Dowry and Intrahousehold Bargaining: Evidence from China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Philip H.

2009-01-01

This paper analyzes the relationship between a woman's intrahousehold bargaining position and her welfare within marriage using household data from rural China. Simultaneity problems are overcome by using dowry to proxy for bargaining position. Omitted variable bias is addressed by using grain shocks in the year preceding marriage as an instrument…

Governing for Results on a Postcollective Bargaining Wisconsin School Board

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ford, Michael R.

2015-01-01

The popular narrative of Wisconsin's collective bargaining battle started out being about money. Should public employees pay more toward their healthcare? Can school districts offset state aid cuts using the additional revenue from employee healthcare contributions? Does collective bargaining have a cost? This article gives an overview of…

Teacher Power and American Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flynn, Ralph J.

This paper advocates the use of political power and collective bargaining by teachers to improve public education. The following are listed as reasons why collective bargaining has not been very successful: (a) collective bargaining was not designed to accommodate the needs and commitment of professional employees; (b) there is no national policy…

Roadblocks to Reform? A Review of Union Contracts in Michigan Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Spalding, Audrey

2014-01-01

This study focuses on Public Act 103 of 2011, which made teacher evaluation, layoff policies and teacher placement prohibited subjects of bargaining, among other things. After surveying 200 Michigan school district collective bargaining agreements, this study finds that as many as 60 percent of districts could have collective bargaining agreements…

Leadership, Pay, and Promotion as Predictors of Choice of Bargaining Unit in a University.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kelley, Lane

1979-01-01

Examines the choice of bargaining unit and its relationship to style of and satisfaction with departmental leadership and to fairness of and satisfaction with pay and the promotion system. Collective bargaining choices were actual organizations campaigning to be the faculty's representatives in the University of Hawaii system. (Author/IRT)

Bargaining for Competitiveness: Law, Research and Case Studies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Block, Richard N., Ed.

This book is an analysis of the relationship among collective bargaining (CB), firm competitiveness, and employment protection/creation in the United States (U.S.). Comparisons are also made between the U.S. situation and that in Europe. "Collective Bargaining in Context" (Richard N. Block, Peter Berg) places the US system of industrial…

What Education Reformers Should Do about Collective Bargaining

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosenthal, Daniel M.

2014-01-01

Restrictions on collective bargaining are spreading. But while reformers are right to question current labor practices in education, they're wrong to believe that bargaining prohibitions will solve the problems. A smarter approach would begin by putting down the sledgehammer wielded in Wisconsin and picking up a scalpel by pushing for laws aimed…

Collective Bargaining at City University? --Issues and Procedures.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

City Univ. of New York, NY.

To aid the faculty of the City University of New York (CUNY) in determining if they wish to be represented by either of two exclusive collective bargaining agencies or to maintain professional self-representation is the purpose of this report. Unionization and collective bargaining are relatively new concepts in American education, but being one…

Collective Bargaining in Education: Negotiating Change in Today's Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hannaway, Jane, Ed.; Rotherham, Andrew J., Ed.

2006-01-01

This comprehensive volume will spur and strengthen public debate over the role of teachers unions in education reform for years to come. Collective bargaining shapes the way public schools are organized, financed, staffed, and operated. Understanding collective bargaining in education and its impact on the day-to-day life of schools is critical to…

Proactive Collective Bargaining for School Board Members.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

California School Boards Association, Sacramento.

This handbook is a guide to the collective bargaining process for school board members. It emphasizes the need for school boards to take the initiative in setting goals, reducing the potential for friction, and preserving management prerogatives against the competing responsibility to bargain in good faith under the law. Chapter 1 describes the…

Site-Based Management in a Collective Bargaining Environment: Can We Mix Oil and Water?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fossey, Richard

Site-based management has become a popular school reform strategy. However, conflicts can arise when school districts with collective bargaining try to implement site-based management. Site-based management depends on collaboration and cooperation among educators, both of which conflict with collective bargaining's adversarial nature. There is…

How State Departments of Education Influence Collective Bargaining and Employee Strike Actions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stevens, Dwight M.

There is little question that state agencies can have a great deal of influence on collective bargaining. In many states, state departments of education have been actively involved in supporting, proposing, amending, or resisting collective bargaining legislation. State departments ought to come up with answers for streamlining laws and advancing…

Cooperation in Academic Negotiations: A Guide to Mutual Gains Bargaining.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Birnbaum, Robert; And Others

A guide to mutual gains bargaining (MGB) is presented for faculty union leaders and college administrators, as well as school systems. MGB is based on applied behavioral sciences concepts and the use of bargaining teams and emphasizes problem-solving and improving communications and campus relationships. Two different uses of the mutual gains…

Final Report of the Research Project on: Students and Collective Bargaining.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shark, Alan R.; And Others

The University Student Senate of the City University of New York proposed in 1974 to examine student participation in collective bargaining and the impact of student participation on educational quality. This report indicates where students have participated in collective bargaining; in what capacity they have participated; what the results have…

Current Status of College Students in Academic Collective Bargaining. Special Report No. 22.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shark, Alan

College students are expanding their role in academic collective bargaining. They represent a fresh source of energy for reform that must be recognized by faculty unions and university administrators who seek higher levels of cooperation and new directions for service. This document reviews student involvement in collective bargaining. Some…

Collective Bargaining for Public Managers (State and Local): Reference Materials.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Civil Service Commission, Washington, DC. Labor Relations Training Center.

The book contain pertinent articles on various subjects related to collective bargaining. It was developed and the materials specially written for use by instructors in a collective bargaining course designed to assist public sector managers in attaining a stable and productive labor relations environment. Each article has been keyed to the…

Collective Bargaining in Higher Education: A Salami You Know Where

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Finn, James P., Jr.; Foreman, James D.

1975-01-01

The undesirable conditions facing higher education today are multi-faceted, and not simply due to the advances made by collective bargaining. The consequences of collective bargaining are most notably apparent within the areas of effective governance, and the enhancement of the civil rights and moral responsibilities of educators. (Author/NHM)

Unequal Bargaining? Australia's Aviation Trade Relations with the United States

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Solomon, Russell

2001-01-01

International aviation trade bargaining is distinguished by its use of a formal process of bilateral bargaining based on the reciprocal exchange of rights by states. Australia-United States aviation trade relations are currently without rancour, but this has not always been the case and in the late 1980s and early 1990s, their formal bilateral aviation negotiations were a forum for a bitter conflict between two competing international aviation policies. In seeking to explain the bilateral aviation outcomes between Australia and the United States and how Australia has sought to improve upon these, analytical frameworks derived from international political economy were considered, along with the bilateral bargaining process itself. The paper adopts a modified neorealist model and concludes that to understand how Australia has sought to improve upon these aviation outcomes, neorealist assumptions that relative power capabilities determine outcomes must be qualified by reference to the formal bilateral bargaining process. In particular, Australia's use of this process and its application of certain bargaining tactics within that process remain critical to understanding bilateral outcomes.

Personal glucose meters for detection and quantification of a broad range of analytes

DOEpatents

Lu, Yi; Xiang, Yu

2015-02-03

A general methodology for the development of highly sensitive and selective sensors that can achieve portable, low-cost and quantitative detection of a broad range of targets using only a personal glucose meter (PGM) is disclosed. The method uses recognition molecules that are specific for a target agent, enzymes that can convert an enzyme substrate into glucose, and PGM. Also provided are sensors, which can include a solid support to which is attached a recognition molecule that permits detection of a target agent, wherein the recognition molecule specifically binds to the target agent in the presence of the target agent but not significantly to other agents as well as an enzyme that can catalyze the conversion of a substance into glucose, wherein the enzyme is attached directly or indirectly to the recognition molecule, and wherein in the presence of the target agent the enzyme can convert the substance into glucose. The disclosed sensors can be part of a lateral flow device. Methods of using such sensors for detecting target agents are also provided.

Younger and Older Users’ Recognition of Virtual Agent Facial Expressions

PubMed Central

Beer, Jenay M.; Smarr, Cory-Ann; Fisk, Arthur D.; Rogers, Wendy A.

2015-01-01

As technology advances, robots and virtual agents will be introduced into the home and healthcare settings to assist individuals, both young and old, with everyday living tasks. Understanding how users recognize an agent’s social cues is therefore imperative, especially in social interactions. Facial expression, in particular, is one of the most common non-verbal cues used to display and communicate emotion in on-screen agents (Cassell, Sullivan, Prevost, & Churchill, 2000). Age is important to consider because age-related differences in emotion recognition of human facial expression have been supported (Ruffman et al., 2008), with older adults showing a deficit for recognition of negative facial expressions. Previous work has shown that younger adults can effectively recognize facial emotions displayed by agents (Bartneck & Reichenbach, 2005; Courgeon et al. 2009; 2011; Breazeal, 2003); however, little research has compared in-depth younger and older adults’ ability to label a virtual agent’s facial emotions, an import consideration because social agents will be required to interact with users of varying ages. If such age-related differences exist for recognition of virtual agent facial expressions, we aim to understand if those age-related differences are influenced by the intensity of the emotion, dynamic formation of emotion (i.e., a neutral expression developing into an expression of emotion through motion), or the type of virtual character differing by human-likeness. Study 1 investigated the relationship between age-related differences, the implication of dynamic formation of emotion, and the role of emotion intensity in emotion recognition of the facial expressions of a virtual agent (iCat). Study 2 examined age-related differences in recognition expressed by three types of virtual characters differing by human-likeness (non-humanoid iCat, synthetic human, and human). Study 2 also investigated the role of configural and featural processing as a possible explanation for age-related differences in emotion recognition. First, our findings show age-related differences in the recognition of emotions expressed by a virtual agent, with older adults showing lower recognition for the emotions of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and neutral. These age-related difference might be explained by older adults having difficulty discriminating similarity in configural arrangement of facial features for certain emotions; for example, older adults often mislabeled the similar emotions of fear as surprise. Second, our results did not provide evidence for the dynamic formation improving emotion recognition; but, in general, the intensity of the emotion improved recognition. Lastly, we learned that emotion recognition, for older and younger adults, differed by character type, from best to worst: human, synthetic human, and then iCat. Our findings provide guidance for design, as well as the development of a framework of age-related differences in emotion recognition. PMID:25705105

Emotional recognition from the speech signal for a virtual education agent

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tickle, A.; Raghu, S.; Elshaw, M.

2013-06-01

This paper explores the extraction of features from the speech wave to perform intelligent emotion recognition. A feature extract tool (openSmile) was used to obtain a baseline set of 998 acoustic features from a set of emotional speech recordings from a microphone. The initial features were reduced to the most important ones so recognition of emotions using a supervised neural network could be performed. Given that the future use of virtual education agents lies with making the agents more interactive, developing agents with the capability to recognise and adapt to the emotional state of humans is an important step.

Labor-Management Commitment: A Compact for Change. Views from the Collective Bargaining Forum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bureau of Labor-Management Relations and Cooperative Programs (DOL), Washington, DC.

In 1988 the Collective Bargaining Forum, a private group of labor and business leaders, adopted a statement of principles recognizing that the institution of collective bargaining is an integral part of economic life in the United States. The purpose of the statement was to facilitate the spread of positive relations between labor and management…

Minorities and Constitutional Due Process under Collective Bargaining Agreements.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Frank

Chapter 19 of a book on school law examines how racial minority faculty members at colleges where collective bargaining agreements are in operation are likely to be affected under new rules by the U.S. Supreme Court. A few examples are given of court decisions showing, in general, that arbitration of a dispute by the collective bargaining process…

Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions, Bibliography No. 10.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Douglas, Joel M.; Flanzraich, Lisa

A bibliography of 765 items which illustrates the wide range of topics that affect collective bargaining in higher education and the professions for 1981, is presented. Items are dated 1978 or later, and ERIC reference numbers are cited where appropriate. The primary focus and interest is academic collective bargaining; however, the literature on…

16 CFR 233.4 - Bargain offers based upon the purchase of other merchandise.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Bargain offers based upon the purchase of... PRACTICE RULES GUIDES AGAINST DECEPTIVE PRICING § 233.4 Bargain offers based upon the purchase of other... given a customer on the condition that he purchase a particular article at the price usually offered by...

Collective Bargaining in Higher Education. Politics, Law, and Economics of Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Newman, James F.

The historical background of collective bargaining in higher education is considered, along with some implications for the future. The major purpose of collective bargaining is to lead to an employment contract. Public institutions do not come under the National Labor Relations Board since state actions establish them and they are subject to state…

A Better Bargain: Overhauling Teacher Collective Bargaining for the 21st Century

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hess, Frederick M.; West, Martin R.

2006-01-01

In this paper, the authors argue that at a time when disappointing student performance, stark achievement gaps, and an ever-"flattening" world call for retooling American schools for the 21st century, the most daunting impediments to doing so are the teacher collective bargaining agreements that regulate virtually all aspects of school district…

The Impact of Collective Bargaining on Teacher Transfer Rates in Urban High-Poverty Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nelson, F. Howard

2006-01-01

Data in this report reveals that collectively bargaining agreements are not the source of the teacher quality problem in urban school districts. The data shows that collective bargaining agreements are associated with reduced teacher transfer activity, especially in high-poverty schools, and less reliance on first-year teachers to staff…

The Impact of Collective Bargaining and Urbanicity on the Late Hiring of Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Loubert, Linda; Nelson, F. Howard

2010-01-01

It is commonly assumed that urban school districts hire teachers late due to issues related to district size and/or restrictions in collectively bargained teacher contracts affecting teacher hiring and transfers between schools. Our investigation of late teacher hiring and collective bargaining is based on a survey of 40 school districts that…

31 CFR 10.5 - Application to become an enrolled agent, enrolled retirement plan agent, or registered tax return...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... applicant's tax liabilities. (e) Temporary recognition. On receipt of a properly executed application, the Commissioner, or delegate, may grant the applicant temporary recognition to practice pending a determination as... preparer should be granted. Temporary recognition will be granted only in unusual circumstances and it will...

31 CFR 10.5 - Application for enrollment as an enrolled agent or enrolled retirement plan agent.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... enrollment. (d) Temporary recognition. On receipt of a properly executed application, the Director of the Office of Professional Responsibility may grant the applicant temporary recognition to practice pending a determination as to whether enrollment to practice should be granted. Temporary recognition will be granted only...

31 CFR 10.5 - Application for enrollment as an enrolled agent or enrolled retirement plan agent.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... his or her application for enrollment. (d) Temporary recognition. On receipt of a properly executed... recognition to practice pending a determination as to whether enrollment to practice should be granted. Temporary recognition will be granted only in unusual circumstances and it will not be granted, in any...

31 CFR 10.5 - Application to become an enrolled agent, enrolled retirement plan agent, or registered tax return...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... applicant's tax liabilities. (e) Temporary recognition. On receipt of a properly executed application, the Commissioner, or delegate, may grant the applicant temporary recognition to practice pending a determination as... preparer should be granted. Temporary recognition will be granted only in unusual circumstances and it will...

31 CFR 10.5 - Application to become an enrolled agent, enrolled retirement plan agent, or registered tax return...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... applicant's tax liabilities. (e) Temporary recognition. On receipt of a properly executed application, the Commissioner, or delegate, may grant the applicant temporary recognition to practice pending a determination as... preparer should be granted. Temporary recognition will be granted only in unusual circumstances and it will...

Faculty Collective Bargaining in Postsecondary Institutions: The Impact on the Campus and on the State. Background and Recommendations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Education Commission of the States, Denver, CO.

The rapid influx of collective bargaining into colleges and universities has resulted in a need for understanding the ramifications of this movement. Collective bargaining exists in 10% of the higher education institutions in this country, but it indirectly influences all institutions. There is a need to study diverse faculty motivations (power…

Collective Bargaining and the Economic Condition of Higher Education. Proceedings of the Annual Conference (16th, New York, New York, April/May 1988).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Douglas, Joel M., Ed.

Papers on collective bargaining and the economic condition of higher education are presented in six sections: financing; the next decade; campus bargaining; economics of education/labor markets; faculty compensation; and workplace issues. Papers include: "State Tax Capacity and Funding of Public Higher Education" (Kent Halstead);…

The Application of Non-Discrimination Law and Regulations To Collective Bargaining in Higher Education. Special Report No. 23.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Academic Collective Bargaining Information Service, Washington, DC.

This document explores some of the interrelationships between the collective bargaining process and equal employment issues. The National Labor Relations Act, the federal collective bargaining statute, is the focal point of the labor law discussion because it has had significant impact on the drafting and interpretation of state labor legislation…

The Effect of Collective Bargaining on Policy Development at Institutions of Higher Education: A Comparative Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herring-Ellis, Christopher G.

2014-01-01

For over three decades, collective bargaining in higher education has given faculty a voice in which to be heard in decision making involving tenure, faculty appointments, salaries, and education policies. However, as recent as 2011, the voice once afforded to faculty through its collective bargaining rights has been threatened with attempts to…

The Community at the Bargaining Table. A Report on the Community's Role in Collective Bargaining in the Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Institute for Responsive Education, Boston, MA.

The Institute for Responsive Education and its study team are looking at ways to widen the scope of collective bargaining to provide room for communities to participate in policy formulation in their schools. The traditional management-labor approach was designed to resolve differences about wages, fringe benefits, and the rules, rights, and…

Collective Bargaining and the Future of Higher Education. Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Conference.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levenstein, Aaron, Ed.; Lang, Theodore H.

Papers presented at the fifth annual Conference of the National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education are provided. The union's and management's views of the impact of fiscal crisis on collective bargaining are given in the first two papers by Robert W. Miner and Caesar Naples. The next two presentations by Robert…

29 CFR 1420.1 - Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining... MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE-ASSISTANCE IN THE HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY § 1420.1 Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations Act, as amended (hereinafter...

29 CFR 1420.1 - Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining... MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE-ASSISTANCE IN THE HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY § 1420.1 Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations Act, as amended (hereinafter...

29 CFR 1420.1 - Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining... MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE-ASSISTANCE IN THE HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY § 1420.1 Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations Act, as amended (hereinafter...

29 CFR 1420.1 - Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining... MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE-ASSISTANCE IN THE HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY § 1420.1 Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations Act, as amended (hereinafter...

29 CFR 1420.1 - Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 4 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining... MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE-ASSISTANCE IN THE HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY § 1420.1 Functions of the Service in health care industry bargaining under the Labor-Management Relations Act, as amended (hereinafter...

A Comparison of Working Conditions Between Community College Instructors in Collective Bargaining Contract Colleges and Traditional Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DePaoli, John A., Jr.

In order to assess the impact of collective bargaining on community college faculty working conditions, a 79-item questionnaire was sent in winter 1974 to the presidents of a random nationwide sample of 100 community colleges operating under collective bargaining contracts and 100 community colleges operating under traditional agreements. Of the…

Teacher Bargaining Structures. A Brief to the Ministry of Education from the British Columbia Teachers' Federation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

British Columbia Teachers' Federation, 2012

2012-01-01

Collective bargaining has evolved as a recognized way of creating a system of fairness and equity in the workplace. Full free collective bargaining is the fruition of the evolution of labour management relations. It is the mechanism that balances the power of the employer and prevents injustice and exploitation. The Supreme Court of Canada has…

The Legal Structure of Collective Bargaining in Education. Contributions to the Study of Education No. 23.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ostrander, Kenneth H.

In eight chapters, this work emphasizes that collective bargaining activities fall within a framework of rules. Chapter 1 centers on constitutional rights and torts. Good faith bargaining is the focus of chapter 2. The activities of public employment relations agencies are discussed in chapter 3. Chapter 4 concentrates on resolving impasses. The…

Behavioral biometrics for verification and recognition of malicious software agents

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yampolskiy, Roman V.; Govindaraju, Venu

2008-04-01

Homeland security requires technologies capable of positive and reliable identification of humans for law enforcement, government, and commercial applications. As artificially intelligent agents improve in their abilities and become a part of our everyday life, the possibility of using such programs for undermining homeland security increases. Virtual assistants, shopping bots, and game playing programs are used daily by millions of people. We propose applying statistical behavior modeling techniques developed by us for recognition of humans to the identification and verification of intelligent and potentially malicious software agents. Our experimental results demonstrate feasibility of such methods for both artificial agent verification and even for recognition purposes.

The role of self-interest in elite bargaining.

PubMed

LeVeck, Brad L; Hughes, D Alex; Fowler, James H; Hafner-Burton, Emilie; Victor, David G

2014-12-30

One of the best-known and most replicated laboratory results in behavioral economics is that bargainers frequently reject low offers, even when it harms their material self-interest. This finding could have important implications for international negotiations on many problems facing humanity today, because models of international bargaining assume exactly the opposite: that policy makers are rational and self-interested. However, it is unknown whether elites who engage in diplomatic bargaining will similarly reject low offers because past research has been based almost exclusively on convenience samples of undergraduates, members of the general public, or small-scale societies rather than highly experienced elites who design and bargain over policy. Using a unique sample of 102 policy and business elites who have an average of 21 y of practical experience conducting international diplomacy or policy strategy, we show that, compared with undergraduates and the general public, elites are actually more likely to reject low offers when playing a standard "ultimatum game" that assesses how players bargain over a fixed resource. Elites with more experience tend to make even higher demands, suggesting that this tendency only increases as policy makers advance to leadership positions. This result contradicts assumptions of rational self-interested behavior that are standard in models of international bargaining, and it suggests that the adoption of global agreements on international trade, climate change, and other important problems will not depend solely on the interests of individual countries, but also on whether these accords are seen as equitable to all member states.

The role of self-interest in elite bargaining

PubMed Central

LeVeck, Brad L.; Hughes, D. Alex; Fowler, James H.; Hafner-Burton, Emilie; Victor, David G.

2014-01-01

One of the best-known and most replicated laboratory results in behavioral economics is that bargainers frequently reject low offers, even when it harms their material self-interest. This finding could have important implications for international negotiations on many problems facing humanity today, because models of international bargaining assume exactly the opposite: that policy makers are rational and self-interested. However, it is unknown whether elites who engage in diplomatic bargaining will similarly reject low offers because past research has been based almost exclusively on convenience samples of undergraduates, members of the general public, or small-scale societies rather than highly experienced elites who design and bargain over policy. Using a unique sample of 102 policy and business elites who have an average of 21 y of practical experience conducting international diplomacy or policy strategy, we show that, compared with undergraduates and the general public, elites are actually more likely to reject low offers when playing a standard “ultimatum game” that assesses how players bargain over a fixed resource. Elites with more experience tend to make even higher demands, suggesting that this tendency only increases as policy makers advance to leadership positions. This result contradicts assumptions of rational self-interested behavior that are standard in models of international bargaining, and it suggests that the adoption of global agreements on international trade, climate change, and other important problems will not depend solely on the interests of individual countries, but also on whether these accords are seen as equitable to all member states. PMID:25512497

Does Scale of Public Hospitals Affect Bargaining Power? Evidence From Japan

PubMed Central

Noto, Konosuke; Kojo, Takao; Innami, Ichiro

2017-01-01

Background: Many of public hospitals in Japan have had a deficit for a long time. Japanese local governments have been encouraging public hospitals to use group purchasing of drugs to benefit from the economies of scale, and increase their bargaining power for obtaining discounts in drug purchasing, thus improving their financial situation. In this study, we empirically investigate whether or not the scale of public hospitals actually affects their bargaining power. Methods: Using micro-level panel data on public hospitals, we examine the effect of the scale of public hospitals (in terms of the number of occupancy beds) on drug purchasing efficiency (DPE) (the average discount rate in purchasing drugs) as a proxy variable of the bargaining power. Additionally, we evaluate the effect of the presence or absence of management responsibility in public hospital for economic efficiency as the proxy variable of an economic incentive and its interaction with the hospital scales on the bargaining power. In the estimations, we use the fixed effects model to control the heterogeneity of each hospital in order to estimate reliable parameters. Results: The scale of public hospitals does not positively correlate with bargaining power, whereas the management responsibility for economic efficiency does. Additionally, scale does not interact with management responsibility. Conclusion: Giving management responsibility for economic efficiency to public hospitals is a more reliable way of gaining bargaining power in drug purchasing, rather than promoting the increase in scale of these public hospitals. PMID:29172376

Getting the Gist of Events: Recognition of Two-Participant Actions from Brief Displays

PubMed Central

Hafri, Alon; Papafragou, Anna; Trueswell, John C.

2013-01-01

Unlike rapid scene and object recognition from brief displays, little is known about recognition of event categories and event roles from minimal visual information. In three experiments, we displayed naturalistic photographs of a wide range of two-participant event scenes for 37 ms and 73 ms followed by a mask, and found that event categories (the event gist, e.g., ‘kicking’, ‘pushing’, etc.) and event roles (i.e., Agent and Patient) can be recognized rapidly, even with various actor pairs and backgrounds. Norming ratings from a subsequent experiment revealed that certain physical features (e.g., outstretched extremities) that correlate with Agent-hood could have contributed to rapid role recognition. In a final experiment, using identical twin actors, we then varied these features in two sets of stimuli, in which Patients had Agent-like features or not. Subjects recognized the roles of event participants less accurately when Patients possessed Agent-like features, with this difference being eliminated with two-second durations. Thus, given minimal visual input, typical Agent-like physical features are used in role recognition but, with sufficient input from multiple fixations, people categorically determine the relationship between event participants. PMID:22984951

Fuzzy Cognitive and Social Negotiation Agent Strategy for Computational Collective Intelligence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chohra, Amine; Madani, Kurosh; Kanzari, Dalel

Finding the adequate (win-win solutions for both parties) negotiation strategy with incomplete information for autonomous agents, even in one-to-one negotiation, is a complex problem. Elsewhere, negotiation behaviors, in which the characters such as conciliatory or aggressive define a 'psychological' aspect of the negotiator personality, play an important role. The aim of this paper is to develop a fuzzy cognitive and social negotiation strategy for autonomous agents with incomplete information, where the characters conciliatory, neutral, or aggressive, are suggested to be integrated in negotiation behaviors (inspired from research works aiming to analyze human behavior and those on social negotiation psychology). For this purpose, first, one-to-one bargaining process, in which a buyer agent and a seller agent negotiate over single issue (price), is developed for a time-dependent strategy (based on time-dependent behaviors of Faratin et al.) and for a fuzzy cognitive and social strategy. Second, experimental environments and measures, allowing a set of experiments, carried out for different negotiation deadlines of buyer and seller agents, are detailed. Third, experimental results for both time-dependent and fuzzy cognitive and social strategies are presented, analyzed, and compared for different deadlines of agents. The suggested fuzzy cognitive and social strategy allows agents to improve the negotiation process, with regard to the time-dependent one, in terms of agent utilities, round number to reach an agreement, and percentage of agreements.

Bargaining for Equality. A Guide to Legal and Collective Bargaining Solutions for Workplace Problems that Particularly Affect Women.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Popkin, Mary; Ross, Diane

This is a guide to legal and collective bargaining solutions for workplace problems that particularly affect women. The first section of the guide presents a survey of legal remedies for discrimination including information on: (1) Title VII; (2) Equal Pay Act; (3) Executive Order 11246; (4) Age Discrimination in Employment Act; and (5) State Fair…

The Effects of Collective Bargaining on School Administrative Leadership. Proceedings of a Conference Held at the Center for Educational Policy and Management (Eugene, Oregon, July 9-10, 1982).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duckworth, Kenneth, Ed.; De Bevoise, Wynn, Ed.

This document records the proceedings of a conference on the effects of collective bargaining on school administrative leadership. The conference brought together participants from two areas of research that usually operate independently--research on collective bargaining and research on school administrative leadership. The conference was divided…

Collective Bargaining in Higher Education: The 1990's. Proceedings of the Annual Conference (18th, New York, New York, April 23-24, 1990).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Douglas, Joel M., Ed.

This report of proceedings provides transcripts of 14 speeches concerning collective bargaining in higher education. Conference themes were: unionized employment relations; and the economic, political, and legal issues of the 1990s that are viewed as being influential in the collective bargaining process. The speeches are as follows: "Union…

The effects of chemotherapeutics on cellular metabolism and consequent immune recognition.

PubMed

Newell, M Karen; Melamede, Robert; Villalobos-Menuey, Elizabeth; Swartzendruber, Douglas; Trauger, Richard; Camley, Robert E; Crisp, William

2004-02-02

Awidely held view is that oncolytic agents induce death of tumor cells directly. In this report we review and discuss the apoptosis-inducing effects of chemotherapeutics, the effects of chemotherapeutics on metabolic function, and the consequent effects of metabolic function on immune recognition. Finally, we propose that effective chemotherapeutic and/or apoptosis-inducing agents, at concentrations that can be achieved physiologically, do not kill tumor cells directly. Rather, we suggest that effective oncolytic agents sensitize immunologically altered tumor cells to immune recognition and immune-directed cell death.

The effects of chemotherapeutics on cellular metabolism and consequent immune recognition

PubMed Central

Newell, M Karen; Melamede, Robert; Villalobos-Menuey, Elizabeth; Swartzendruber, Douglas; Trauger, Richard; Camley, Robert E; Crisp, William

2004-01-01

A widely held view is that oncolytic agents induce death of tumor cells directly. In this report we review and discuss the apoptosis-inducing effects of chemotherapeutics, the effects of chemotherapeutics on metabolic function, and the consequent effects of metabolic function on immune recognition. Finally, we propose that effective chemotherapeutic and/or apoptosis-inducing agents, at concentrations that can be achieved physiologically, do not kill tumor cells directly. Rather, we suggest that effective oncolytic agents sensitize immunologically altered tumor cells to immune recognition and immune-directed cell death. PMID:14756899

Searching for the hospital yardstick: a case study of private hospital productivity bargaining.

PubMed

Timo, N

1997-01-01

The decentralisation of Australia's centralised wage fixation system has been seen as providing opportunities for employers and trade unions to tailor working arrangements to suit the needs of the workplace and to provide better paid long-term jobs. This paper details the productivity bargaining between the Private Hospitals' Association of Queensland and The Australian Workers' Union in 1995-97 in Queensland that led to the introduction of a number of productivity-based enterprise agreements. The case study shows that productivity bargaining in the private hospitals studied remains focused on 'bottom line' issues where cashable savings can readily be generated. The paper concludes with an examination of the lessons drawn from the productivity bargaining process.

Professional Ethics in the College and University Science Curriculum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kovac, Jeffrey

Scientific ethics is a subset of professional ethics, the special rules of conduct adopted by those engaged in one of the pursuits regarded as professions, such as law, medicine, engineering and science. Professional ethics derive from a moral ideal based on service. This ideal leads to a pair of bargains: an internal bargain that defines the internal code of practice within the profession, and an external bargain that defines the relationship between the profession and society. This article develops the internal and external bargains that are the basis of scientific ethics from both an historical and a philosophical perspective and makes suggestions as to how the teaching of scientific ethics can be integrated into the undergraduate curriculum.

Assessing Adaptation with Asymmetric Climate Information: evidence from water bargaining field experiments in Northeast Brazil

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pfaff, A.; Velez, M.; Taddei, R.; Broad, K.

2011-12-01

We assess how asymmetric climate information affects bargaining -- an adaptation institution. As often observed in the field, some actors lack information. This yields vulnerability, despite participation. We examine the loss for a participant from being uncertain about water quantity when bargaining with a fully informed participant in an ultimatum game in Northeast Brazil. When all are fully informed, our field populations in the capital city and an agricultural valley produce a typical 60-40 split between those initiating and responding in one-shot bargaining. With asymmetric information, when initiators know the water quantity is low they get 80%. Thus even within bargaining, i.e. given strong participation, better integrating climate science into water management via greater effort to communicate relevant information to all involved can help to avoid inequities that could arise despite all of the stakeholders being 'at the table', as may well occur within future water allocation along a large new canal in the case we study.

Changing state structures: Outside in

PubMed Central

Krasner, Stephen D.

2011-01-01

In explaining the development of institutional structures within states, social science analysis has focused on autochthonous factors and paid less attention to the way in which external factors, especially purposive agent-directed as opposed to more general environmental factors, can influence domestic authority structures. For international relations scholarship, this lacunae is particularly troubling or perhaps, just weird. If the international system is anarchical, then political leaders can pursue any policy option. In some cases, the most attractive option would be conventional state to state interactions, diplomacy, or war. In other instances, however, changing the domestic authority structures of other states might be more appealing. In some cases, domestic authority structures have been influenced through bargaining, and in others through power. Power may reflect either explicit agent-oriented decisions or social processes that reflect the practices, values, and norms of more powerful entities. PMID:22198756

Unionization and Academic Excellence. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions (13th, New York, New York, April 1985).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Douglas, Joel M., Ed.

Issues concerning excellence in education and the 1985 strike at Yale University are considered in 27 conference papers. Topics include: a faculty and chancellor's perspectives on achieving excellence, employment discrimination, collective bargaining in community colleges, retirement issues, and campus bargaining and the law. Titles and authors…

Adaptation of Porter’s Five Forces Model to Risk Management

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-07-01

The external forces—new entrants, bargaining power of buyers and suppliers, and substitutes—are shown as the threats acting on the industry. FIGURE 2...Planned Actual FIGURE 3. PORTER’S FIVE FORCES MODEL Industry Competitors Intensity of Rivalry Suppliers Buyers Bargaining Power of Suppliers Bargaining... Power of Buyers New Entrants Threat of New Entrants Substitutes Threat of Substitutes 3 7 9 | A Publication of the Defense Acquisition

Managing Success: Collective Bargaining.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Godshall, Clark J.

2002-01-01

Describes four ways school business officials achieve success with collective bargaining: Maintaining relationships, separating the relationship from the problem, building credibility and cooperation, and "futuring." (PKP)

Collective Bargaining in a Period of Retrenchment. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions (11th, New York, NY, April 1983).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Douglas, Joel M., Ed.

Legal and economic issues pertaining to collective bargaining in a retrenchment situation are considered in 18 conference papers. Titles and authors are as follows: "Retrenchment in State Government: Its Consequences for Higher Education" (James R. Mingle); "A Chancellor's Perspective on Retrenchment" (Joseph S. Murphy);…

48 CFR 22.1405 - Collective bargaining agreements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Employment of Workers with..., Affirmative Action for Workers with Disabilities, may necessitate a revision of a collective bargaining...

What You Should Know About Unionization and OSHA

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zweiback, Richard

1973-01-01

A professional negotiator for school districts answers questions about collective bargaining issues. Discusses union use of the California Occupational Safety and Health Act at the bargaining table. (JF)

Unwritten rules: virtual bargaining underpins social interaction, culture, and society.

PubMed

Misyak, Jennifer B; Melkonyan, Tigran; Zeitoun, Hossam; Chater, Nick

2014-10-01

Many social interactions require humans to coordinate their behavior across a range of scales. However, aspects of intentional coordination remain puzzling from within several approaches in cognitive science. Sketching a new perspective, we propose that the complex behavioral patterns - or 'unwritten rules' - governing such coordination emerge from an ongoing process of 'virtual bargaining'. Social participants behave on the basis of what they would agree to do if they were explicitly to bargain, provided the agreement that would arise from such discussion is commonly known. Although intuitively simple, this interpretation has implications for understanding a broad spectrum of social, economic, and cultural phenomena (including joint action, team reasoning, communication, and language) that, we argue, depend fundamentally on the virtual bargains themselves. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Collective Bargaining Agreement between Connecticut State University American Association of University Professors and the Board of Trustees for the Connecticut State University, 1984-1987 and The Connecticut State University Agreement for Part-Time Employees in the Instructional Faculty Bargaining Unit.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Connecticut State Board of Higher Education, Hartford.

The collective bargaining agreement between Connecticut State University Board of Trustees and the Connecticut State University chapter of the American Association of University Professors covering the period April 10, 1984 to April 10, 1987 is presented. The chapter has 1,980 members, including part-timers. Items covered in the agreement include:…

Responding to Challenges and Conflict in Higher Education Collective Bargaining. Proceeding of the Annual Conference of the National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions (26th, April 1998).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Naples, Caesar J., Ed.

This proceedings presents 18 essays that focus on collective bargaining and other labor issues in higher education. The essays include: (1) "Looking Toward the Future" (Sandra Feldman); (2) "The New Unionism in Higher Education" (Bob Chase); (3) "Post-Tenure Review: Threat or Promise" (Christine M. Licata); (4) "A Response to Post-Tenure Review:…

Tuning the properties of conjugated polyelectrolytes and application in a biosensor platform

DOEpatents

Chen, Liaohai

2004-05-18

The present invention provides a method of detecting a biological agent including contacting a sample with a sensor including a polymer system capable of having an alterable measurable property from the group of luminescence, anisotropy, redox potential and uv/vis absorption, the polymer system including an ionic conjugated polymer and an electronically inert polyelectrolyte having a biological agent recognition element bound thereto, the electronically inert polyelectrolyte adapted for undergoing a conformational structural change upon exposure to a biological agent having affinity for binding to the recognition element bound to the electronically inert polyelectrolyte, and, detecting the detectable change in the alterable measurable property. A chemical moiety being the reaction product of (i) a polyelectrolyte monomer and (ii) a biological agent recognition element-substituted polyelectrolyte monomer is also provided.

A Multilateral Negotiation Model for Cloud Service Market

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yoo, Dongjin; Sim, Kwang Mong

Trading cloud services between consumers and providers is a complicated issue of cloud computing. Since a consumer can negotiate with multiple providers to acquire the same service and each provider can receive many requests from multiple consumers, to facilitate the trading of cloud services among multiple consumers and providers, a multilateral negotiation model for cloud market is necessary. The contribution of this work is the proposal of a business model supporting a multilateral price negotiation for trading cloud services. The design of proposed systems for cloud service market includes considering a many-to-many negotiation protocol, and price determining factor from service level feature. Two negotiation strategies are implemented: 1) MDA (Market Driven Agent); and 2) adaptive concession making responding to changes of bargaining position are proposed for cloud service market. Empirical results shows that MDA achieved better performance in some cases that the adaptive concession making strategy, it is noted that unlike the MDA, the adaptive concession making strategy does not assume that an agent has information of the number of competitors (e.g., a consumer agent adopting the adaptive concession making strategy need not know the number of consumer agents competing for the same service).

New Forms of Student Activism: Lobbying, Trusteeing, and Collective Bargaining.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beeler, Kent D.

1979-01-01

This article focuses on three new forms of student activism: lobbying, trusteeing, and collective bargaining. Related aspects of student involvement in the political, legal, and consumer areas are discussed briefly. (Author)

Sex offender registration and notification policy increases juvenile plea bargains.

PubMed

Letourneau, Elizabeth J; Armstrong, Kevin S; Bandyopadhyay, Dipankar; Sinha, Debajyoti

2013-04-01

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that South Carolina's sex offender registration and notification policy influenced juvenile sex offense case plea bargains. Two types of plea bargains were examined: initial sex offense charges amended to nonsex offense charges and amended to lower severity charges. Comparison analyses were conducted with juvenile assault and robbery offense cases. Archival data on cases involving 19,215 male youth charged with sex, assault, and/or robbery offenses between 1990 and 2004 informed analyses. Of these youth, 2,991 were charged with one or more sex offense, 16,091 were charged with one or more assault offense, and 2,036 were charged with at one or more robbery offense. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to model changes in the probabilities of plea bargain outcomes across three time intervals: before policy implementation (1990 to 1994), after initial policy implementation (1995 to 1998), and after implementation of a revised policy that included online registration requirements (1999 to 2004). Results indicate significant increases in the probability of plea bargains for sex offense cases across subsequent time periods, supporting the hypothesis that South Carolina's initial and revised registration and notification policies were associated with significant increases the likelihood of plea bargains to different types of charges and to lower severity charges. Results were either nonsignificant or of much lower magnitude for the comparison assault and robbery analyses. Suggestions for revising South Carolina and national registration and notification policies are discussed.

Giveback Bargaining: One Answer to Current Labor Problems?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kruse, Scott A.

1983-01-01

The crisis in the American economy has provided an opportunity to change traditional bargaining methods and to get the unions involved in taking a serious look at their stake in a healthy economy. (JOW)

Means to an End: Collective Bargaining and Teacher Benefits

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Graham, Larry A.

1976-01-01

The intent of this investigation was to determine if and to what extent collective bargaining has influenced attainment of salary and economic benefits such as teacher salary, insurance premiums, and sick leave. (MM)

Thin membrane sensor with biochemical switch

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Worley, III, Jennings F. (Inventor); Case, George D. (Inventor)

1994-01-01

A modular biosensor system for chemical or biological agent detection utilizes electrochemical measurement of an ion current across a gate membrane triggered by the reaction of the target agent with a recognition protein conjugated to a channel blocker. The sensor system includes a bioresponse simulator or biochemical switch module which contains the recognition protein-channel blocker conjugate, and in which the detection reactions occur, and a transducer module which contains a gate membrane and a measuring electrode, and in which the presence of agent is sensed electrically. In the poised state, ion channels in the gate membrane are blocked by the recognition protein-channel blocker conjugate. Detection reactions remove the recognition protein-channel blocker conjugate from the ion channels, thus eliciting an ion current surge in the gate membrane which subsequently triggers an output alarm. Sufficiently large currents are generated that simple direct current electronics are adequate for the measurements. The biosensor has applications for environmental, medical, and industrial use.

Productivity Bargaining--Pattern for the Future?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Ralph R.

1977-01-01

How to measure productivity increases in service occupations is a problem that still awaits a solution. Efforts being made in the federal sector to gauge productivity growth are discussed, along with implications in private-sector bargaining. (Editor/LBH)

Deception and Retribution in Repeated Ultimatum Bargaining.

PubMed

Boles; Croson; Murnighan

2000-11-01

This paper investigates the dynamics of deception and retribution in repeated ultimatum bargaining. Anonymous dyads exchanged messages and offers in a series of four ultimatum bargaining games that had prospects for relatively large monetary outcomes. Variations in each party's knowledge of the other's resources and alternatives created opportunities for deception. Revelation of prior unknowns exposed deceptions and created opportunities for retribution in subsequent interactions. Results showed that although proposers and responders chose deceptive strategies almost equally, proposers told more outright lies. Both were more deceptive when their private information was never revealed, and proposers were most deceptive when their potential profits were largest. Revelation of proposers' lies had little effect on their subsequent behavior even though responders rejected their offers more than similar offers from truthful proposers or proposers whose prior deceit was never revealed. The discussion and conclusions address the dynamics of deception and retribution in repeated bargaining interactions. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.

Bargaining and the MISO Interference Channel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nokleby, Matthew; Swindlehurst, A. Lee

2009-12-01

We examine the MISO interference channel under cooperative bargaining theory. Bargaining approaches such as the Nash and Kalai-Smorodinsky solutions have previously been used in wireless networks to strike a balance between max-sum efficiency and max-min equity in users' rates. However, cooperative bargaining for the MISO interference channel has only been studied extensively for the two-user case. We present an algorithm that finds the optimal Kalai-Smorodinsky beamformers for an arbitrary number of users. We also consider joint scheduling and beamformer selection, using gradient ascent to find a stationary point of the Kalai-Smorodinsky objective function. When interference is strong, the flexibility allowed by scheduling compensates for the performance loss due to local optimization. Finally, we explore the benefits of power control, showing that power control provides nontrivial throughput gains when the number of transmitter/receiver pairs is greater than the number of transmit antennas.

Cash income, intrahousehold cooperative conflict, and child health in central Mozambique.

PubMed

Pfeiffer, James

2003-01-01

This study presents qualitative data on individual cash income generation and intrahousehold bargaining in a sample of 100 households in central Mozambique. It is now recognized that intrahousehold resource allocation patterns can be critical determinants of children's health in the developing world. Recently developed "bargaining-power" models suggest that individual incomes are often not pooled in households and that decisions are the result of a bargaining process that involves cooperation and conflict between men and women. Women's income, many believe, is more often spent on child welfare. Development projects should target benefits to women for greater impact on child health. Some argue that households consist of separate, gendered spheres of economic responsibility that intersect through a "conjugal contract" that defines the terms of cooperation. The findings here support the "separate-spheres" depiction of the household and reveal women's subordinated position in the external cash economy, which undermines their intrahousehold bargaining power.

The distribution of individual cabinet positions in coalition governments: A sequential approach

PubMed Central

Meyer, Thomas M.; Müller, Wolfgang C.

2015-01-01

Abstract Multiparty government in parliamentary democracies entails bargaining over the payoffs of government participation, in particular the allocation of cabinet positions. While most of the literature deals with the numerical distribution of cabinet seats among government parties, this article explores the distribution of individual portfolios. It argues that coalition negotiations are sequential choice processes that begin with the allocation of those portfolios most important to the bargaining parties. This induces conditionality in the bargaining process as choices of individual cabinet positions are not independent of each other. Linking this sequential logic with party preferences for individual cabinet positions, the authors of the article study the allocation of individual portfolios for 146 coalition governments in Western and Central Eastern Europe. The results suggest that a sequential logic in the bargaining process results in better predictions than assuming mutual independence in the distribution of individual portfolios. PMID:27546952

Does bargaining affect Medicare prescription drug plan reimbursements to independent pharmacies?

PubMed

Tang, Yuexin; Xie, Yang; Urmie, Julie M; Doucette, William R

2011-01-01

To examine how pharmacy bargaining activities affect reimbursement rates in Medicare Part D prescription drug plan (PDP) contracts, controlling for pharmacy quality attributes, market structures, and area socioeconomic status. Cross-sectional study. Six Medicare regions throughout the United States between October and December 2009. Random sample of 1,650 independent pharmacies; 321 returned surveys containing sufficient responses for analysis. Pharmacies were surveyed regarding PDP reimbursement rates, costs, and cash prices of two popular prescription drugs (atorvastatin calcium [Lipitor-Pfizer] and lisinopril, 1-month supply of a common strength), as well as pharmacy bargaining activities and quality attributes. Data also were used from the National Council for Prescription Drug Programs pharmacy database, the 2000 U. S. Census, and the 2006 Economic Census on local market structures and area socio-economic status. PDP reimbursement rates. For the brand-name drug atorvastatin calcium, the PDP reimbursement was positively related to a pharmacy's request for a contract change (β = 0.887, P < 0.05), whereas other bargaining activities were not significantly related to PDP reimbursement. However, for the generic drug lisinopril, no bargaining activities were found to be significantly related to the PDP reimbursement. Pharmacy request for a contract change was associated with higher reimbursement rates for the brand-name drug atorvastatin calcium in PDP contracts, after controlling for pharmacy quality attributes, local market structures, and area socioeconomic status; this finding likely applies to other brand-name drugs because of the structure of the contracts. Our results suggest that independent pharmacies are more likely to acquire higher reimbursement rates by engaging in active bargaining with third-party payers.

[Guidelines to productivity bargaining in the health care industry].

PubMed

Fottler, M D; Maloney, W F

1979-01-01

A potential conflict exists between the recent growth of unionization in the health care industry and management efforts to increase productivity. One method of managing this conflict is to link employee rewards to employee productivity through productivity bargaining.

Illustrated Examples of the Effects of Risk Preferences and Expectations on Bargaining Outcomes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dickinson, David L.

2003-01-01

Describes bargaining examples that use expected utility theory. Provides example results that are intuitive, shown graphically and algebraically, and offer upper-level student samples that illustrate the usefulness of the expected utility theory. (JEH)

5 CFR 2424.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... means a disagreement between an exclusive representative and an agency concerning whether, in the... that otherwise may be negotiable. Examples of bargaining obligation disputes include disagreements... change in bargaining unit employees' conditions of employment because the effect of the change is de...

Negotiations 1978.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Bruce; And Others

Reflecting the management advocacy position taken by school boards in collective bargaining procedures, this report analyzes New Jersey school labor negotiations laws and practices as of 1978. Terms and issues of special interest are defined and explained. Topics include contract language, good faith bargaining, past practice, negotiations…

Enterprise Bargaining and the Gender Earnings Gap.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wooden, Mark

1997-01-01

Examination of the widening gender earnings gap in Australia indicates that women's wages continue to lag behind those of men. The main factor appears to be women's concentration in part-time work in enterprises where bargaining is less likely to occur. (JOW)

Principal-Centered Negotiations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bennett, Ron; Gray, John

2007-01-01

Collective bargaining agreements, by their nature, impact upon the delivery of educational services to California's students. Collective bargaining agreements deal with hours of employment, evaluation of personnel, transfer of employees, leaves of absence and class size. These contract provisions directly impact a district's ability to provide…

Collective Bargaining Laws and Teacher Strikes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Colton, David L.

1978-01-01

Several methodological flaws were found in a Public Service Research Council study relating increases in public employee strikes with the adoption of bargaining statutes. A replication, using teachers, suggests some nonstatutory factors that may strongly affect the incidence of teacher strikes. (Author/IRT)

An evaluation of the elimination of plea bargaining for DWI offenders

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1989-01-01

The purpose of the evaluation was to determine the effects of eliminating plea bargaining for DWI offenses on general deterrence, recidivism, and court operations were studied. Specific indicators of impact on these three areas were identified and me...

Silver Anniversary Conference: 25 Years of Higher Education Collective Bargaining. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions. School of Public Affairs, Baruch College, City University of New York (25th, New York, NY, April 1997).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Beth H., Ed.

The 21 papers in this proceedings document are grouped into six sections which discuss the future of the U.S. labor movement; the future of tenure; faculty, unions, and management; technology and collective bargaining; fiscal problems in higher education; and legal issues in higher education. The papers are: (1) "Labor Relations for the 21st…

Spousal Employment and Intra-Household Bargaining Power.

PubMed

Antman, Francisca M

2014-05-01

This paper considers the relationship between work status and decision-making power of the head of household and his spouse. I use household fixed effects models to address the possibility that spousal work status maybe correlated with unobserved factors that also affect bargaining power within the home. Consistent with the hypothesis that greater economic resources yield greater bargaining power, I find that the spouse of the head of household is more likely to be involved in decisions when she has been employed. Similarly, the head of household is less likely to be the sole decision-maker when his spouse works.

Spousal Employment and Intra-Household Bargaining Power*

PubMed Central

Antman, Francisca M.

2014-01-01

This paper considers the relationship between work status and decision-making power of the head of household and his spouse. I use household fixed effects models to address the possibility that spousal work status maybe correlated with unobserved factors that also affect bargaining power within the home. Consistent with the hypothesis that greater economic resources yield greater bargaining power, I find that the spouse of the head of household is more likely to be involved in decisions when she has been employed. Similarly, the head of household is less likely to be the sole decision-maker when his spouse works. PMID:25342928

Selected Collective Bargaining Agreements of Oregon Two-Year Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Education Association, Washington, DC.

Twelve collective bargaining agreements between selected community colleges in Oregon and their respective faculty associations are presented, representing contracts in effect in 1987. Contracts for the following colleges are provided: Blue Mountain Community College, Central Oregon Community College, Chemeketa Community College, Clackamas…

Faculty Collective Bargaining in Public Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mortimer, Kenneth P.; Johnson, Mark D.

1976-01-01

An analysis of governance relationships between state governments and public higher education institutions concludes that collective bargaining represents a social and political trend toward centralized decision making and homogenization of policies and procedures affecting faculty and those affecting other public employees. (Editor/JT)

48 CFR 15.306 - Exchanges with offerors after receipt of proposals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... negotiations may include bargaining. Bargaining includes persuasion, alteration of assumptions and positions... ACQUISITION REGULATION CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Source Selection 15.... Negotiations are exchanges, in either a competitive or sole source environment, between the Government and...

48 CFR 15.306 - Exchanges with offerors after receipt of proposals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... negotiations may include bargaining. Bargaining includes persuasion, alteration of assumptions and positions... ACQUISITION REGULATION CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Source Selection 15.... Negotiations are exchanges, in either a competitive or sole source environment, between the Government and...

Massachusetts Superintendents' Perceptions of Teacher Bargaining Practices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Borstel, Scott L.

2010-01-01

For five decades, collective bargaining has been implemented in American public schools (Loveless, 2000). It has protected the rights of teachers; and teacher work conditions issues and compensation have improved (Hannaway & Rotherham, 2006). However, improvements have created adversarial labor-management relationships, resulted in excessive…

The Use of an Autonomous Pedagogical Agent and Automatic Speech Recognition for Teaching Sight Words to Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saadatzi, Mohammad Nasser; Pennington, Robert C.; Welch, Karla C.; Graham, James H.; Scott, Renee E.

2017-01-01

In the current study, we examined the effects of an instructional package comprised of an autonomous pedagogical agent, automatic speech recognition, and constant time delay during the instruction of reading sight words aloud to young adults with autism spectrum disorder. We used a concurrent multiple baseline across participants design to…

A Longitudinal Study of Cognitive Representation in Symbolic Play, Self-recognition, and Object Permanence during the Second Year.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chapman, Michael

1987-01-01

Explores development of cognitive representation in 20 infants 12 to 24 months of age with regard to (l) their understanding of agency in symbolic play (agent use), (2) recognition of their own mirror image, and (3) object permanence. Results were generally consistent with developmental sequences predicted by Fischer's Skill Theory for agent use…

Collective Bargaining As an Instrument of Change.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ayers, Steven V.

1998-01-01

The Hilton Central School District, New York, utilized the collective bargaining process to create a financial incentive that would motivate teachers to achieve a baseline level of technological competency. Describes the negotiated agreement, results obtained during the initial year of implementation, and future plans. (MLF)

Collective Bargaining in Higher Education. Bibliography No. 8-9.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garfin, Molly, Comp.

This sixth in a series of regular bibliographies on faculty and non-faculty collective bargaining and related issues includes 852 references to monographs, chapters, periodical articles, research reports, unpublished reports, dissertations, speeches, and noteworthy judicial and administrative agency decisions. The topics covered include: academic…

Preparing for Negotiations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lundberg, Larry

The school board's negotiating team is all-important in the collective bargaining process, especially in light of the unity and organization of teacher association teams. Upper echelon administrative personnel, not the board members themselves, should compose the board's negotiating team. A board inexperienced in collective bargaining can hire a…

Faculty Union Contracts: The New Organizational Rules.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodwin, Harold I., Ed.

1977-01-01

The recent expansion of collective bargaining among faculty unions has led to the establishment of new organizational rules. These new rules eliminate discretion, but unlike traditional rules imposed by superiors to control subordinates, collective bargaining initiates a different format for rule-making--formal joint determination. Collective…

Collective Bargaining and the Principal.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Susan Moore

Collective bargaining contracts with teachers unions have reduced principals' autonomy but have still left them opportunities for effective administration of their schools. Interviews with 289 educators in six diverse school districts across the country show that contracts have limited principals' powers both from above, by centralizing labor…

Prospect Theory and Coercive Bargaining

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Butler, Christopher K.

2007-01-01

Despite many applications of prospect theory's concepts to explain political and strategic phenomena, formal analyses of strategic problems using prospect theory are rare. Using Fearon's model of bargaining, Tversky and Kahneman's value function, and an existing probability weighting function, I construct a model that demonstrates the differences…

Some Suggested Advantages and Disadvantages of Collective Bargaining. Special Report No. 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Angell, George W.

This report reviews briefly some advantages and disadvantages of collective bargaining in higher education. Advantages discussed include: efficiency, equality of power, legal force, impasse resolution, communication, understanding the institution, resolution of individual problems, definition of policy, rights guarantee, faculty compensation,…

48 CFR 22.1012-2 - Wage determinations based on collective bargaining agreements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... expected. (The telephone number is provided on the e98 website.) If the Department of Labor is unable to... bargaining agreement created by use of the WDOL website (see 22.1008-2(d)(2)). [71 FR 36935, June 28, 2006] ...

48 CFR 22.1012-2 - Wage determinations based on collective bargaining agreements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... expected. (The telephone number is provided on the e98 website.) If the Department of Labor is unable to... bargaining agreement created by use of the WDOL website (see 22.1008-2(d)(2)). [71 FR 36935, June 28, 2006] ...

48 CFR 22.1012-2 - Wage determinations based on collective bargaining agreements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... expected. (The telephone number is provided on the e98 website.) If the Department of Labor is unable to... bargaining agreement created by use of the WDOL website (see 22.1008-2(d)(2)). [71 FR 36935, June 28, 2006] ...

48 CFR 22.1013 - Review of wage determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Review of wage... Amended 22.1013 Review of wage determination. (a) Based on incumbent collective bargaining agreement. (1) If wages, fringe benefits, or periodic increases provided for in a collective bargaining agreement...

Modest Labor-Management Bargains Continue in 1984 Despite the Recovery.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ruben, George

1985-01-01

Major collective bargaining agreements in 1984 resulted in modest settlements, due to concern about foreign competition, domestic deregulation, and inflation. Agreements occurred in the following industries: auto, soft coal, airlines, aircraft and aerospace, construction, petroleum refining, longshore industry, railroads, trucking, steel, West…

5 CFR 9701.305 - Bar on collective bargaining.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Bar on collective bargaining. 9701.305 Section 9701.305 Administrative Personnel DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT... HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Pay and Pay Administration General § 9701.305 Bar on collective...

Selected Collective Bargaining Agreements of Washington Two-Year Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Education Association, Washington, DC.

Seventeen collective bargaining agreements between the boards of trustees and faculty associations of selected community colleges in Washington are presented, representing contracts in effect in 1987. The following colleges are represented: Peninsula College, Olympic College, Skagit Valley College, Everett Community College, Shoreline Community…

Pricing Mechanism Design for Centralized Pollutant Treatment with SME Alliances.

PubMed

Li, Yuyu; Huang, Bo; Tao, Fengming

2016-06-22

In this paper, we assume that a professional pollutant treatment enterprise treats all of the pollutants emitted by multiple small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In order to determine the treatment price, SMEs can bargain with the pollutant treatment enterprise individually, or through forming alliances. We propose a bargaining game model of centralized pollutant treatment to study how the pollutant treatment price is determined through negotiation. Then, we consider that there is a moral hazard from SMEs in centralized pollutant treatment; in other words, they may break their agreement concerning their quantities of production and pollutant emissions with the pollutant treatment enterprise. We study how the pollutant treatment enterprise can prevent this by pricing mechanism design. It is found that the pollutant treatment enterprise can prevent SMEs' moral hazard through tiered pricing. If the marginal treatment cost of the pollutant treatment enterprise is a constant, SMEs could bargain with the pollutant treatment enterprise individually, otherwise, they should form a grand alliance to bargain with it as a whole.

Pricing Mechanism Design for Centralized Pollutant Treatment with SME Alliances

PubMed Central

Li, Yuyu; Huang, Bo; Tao, Fengming

2016-01-01

In this paper, we assume that a professional pollutant treatment enterprise treats all of the pollutants emitted by multiple small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In order to determine the treatment price, SMEs can bargain with the pollutant treatment enterprise individually, or through forming alliances. We propose a bargaining game model of centralized pollutant treatment to study how the pollutant treatment price is determined through negotiation. Then, we consider that there is a moral hazard from SMEs in centralized pollutant treatment; in other words, they may break their agreement concerning their quantities of production and pollutant emissions with the pollutant treatment enterprise. We study how the pollutant treatment enterprise can prevent this by pricing mechanism design. It is found that the pollutant treatment enterprise can prevent SMEs’ moral hazard through tiered pricing. If the marginal treatment cost of the pollutant treatment enterprise is a constant, SMEs could bargain with the pollutant treatment enterprise individually, otherwise, they should form a grand alliance to bargain with it as a whole. PMID:27338440

Spousal Bargaining Over Care for Elderly Parents in China: Imbalances in Sex Ratios Influence the Allocation of Support

PubMed Central

Porter, Maria

2017-01-01

Using a unique Chinese survey of parents and adult children, this paper examines how married children negotiate with their spouses for time devoted to caring for their own parents. Applying a collective bargaining framework, I show that the sex ratio at marriage shifts household bargaining in favour of the husband's parents when women are less scarce, or against his parents when women are scarcer. Such changing dynamics in the family may potentially reverse the current preference for sons in China, implying that those with sons, rather than daughters, may be increasingly in need of state support. PMID:28989182

48 CFR 952.237-70 - Collective bargaining agreements-protective services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... collective bargaining agreements applicable to the work force under this contract, the Contractor shall use its best efforts to ensure such agreements contain provisions designed to assure continuity of... grievances and disputes involving the interpretation or application of the agreement will be settled without...

The Duty to Bargain Under ERISA

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fillion, John A.; Trebilcock, Anne McLeod

1975-01-01

This symposium paper suggests that in several major respects ERISA will have a substantial impact on the collective bargaining process. The Act virtually prescribes minimum contract language, requires revisions of employee benefit plans, and differs from the Supreme Court in its definition of a successor employer. (Author/LBH)

Selected Collective Bargaining Agreements of Michigan Two-Year Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Education Association, Washington, DC.

Collective bargaining agreements of 19 selected Michigan two-year colleges are presented, representing contracts in effect in 1987. Contracts for the following colleges are included: Alpena Community College, Bay de Noc Community College, Gogebic Community College, Grand Rapids Junior College, Kalamazoo Valley Community College, Kellogg Community…

Selected Collective Bargaining Agreements of Michigan Two-Year Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Education Association, Washington, DC.

Collective bargaining agreements between the boards of trustees and faculty associations of six selected community colleges in Michigan are presented, representing contracts in effect in 1988 and 1989. Contracts for the following colleges are presented: Schoolcraft College; Glen Oaks Community College; Kirtland Community College; Mid-Michigan…

The Transatlantic Bargain

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

Transatlantic Bargain from Truman to Obama, New York, The Continuum International Publish- ing Group Inc ., 2010. 44 the late 1940s were striving for or... Nike -Hercules surface-to-air missiles. 51 is most vividly remembered for its campaign to move NATO away from what Washington perceived at the time to

Formal Training in Collective Bargaining: Superintendents' Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Celine M.

2013-01-01

The purpose of this qualitative study is to investigate superintendents' perspectives of the value of formal training in collective bargaining negotiations. Dependent on their responses, one could propose negotiation skills training as a crucial area of need for superintendents. Social interdependence theory provides the theoretical framework…

Selected Collective Bargaining Agreements of Southern California Two-Year Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Education Association, Washington, DC.

Collective bargaining agreements between 14 selected community colleges in southern California and their faculty associations are presented, representing contracts in effect in 1987. Contracts for the following colleges are included: Barstow College, Chaffey College, College of the Sequoias, El Camino College, Glendale Community College, Imperial…

Managing Organizational Conflict: When To Use Collaboration, Bargaining and Power Approaches.

DTIC Science & Technology

A contingency theory for managing conflicts in organizational settings is proposed. Using collaboration, bargaining and power approaches to conflict ... management are all appropriate given certain situations. These situations and the costs and benefits of using a given strategy under varying conditions are discussed.

Strike Phobia: School Boards Need to Drive a Harder Bargain

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hess, Frederick M.; West, Martin R.

2006-01-01

Four decades after collective bargaining came to public education, school boards and the superintendents they hire still routinely blame teacher unions for causing massive inefficiencies, stifling innovation, and preventing change designed to promote student learning. "Our hands are tied," school boards commonly complain when school…

Selected Collective Bargaining Agreements of Wisconsin Two-Year Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Education Association, Washington, DC.

Collective bargaining agreements between the boards of trustees and faculty associations of 13 selected community college districts in Wisconsin are presented, representing contracts in effect in 1987. Contracts for the following colleges and districts are presented: Blackhawk Technical Institute; Fox Valley Technical Institute; Gateway Technical…

Resources on Academic Bargaining and Governance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tice, Terrence N.

In recent years several bibliographies have been compiled on the subject of collective bargaining in higher education. This publication is an attempt to provide laymen with an up-to-date and comprehensive bibliography. Citations are presented in three categories: (1) agencies, bibliographies, periodicals, and other basic resources; (2) public…

School Districts Try a New Tack.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Spitz, James A., Jr., Battaglia, Michael

1997-01-01

Politicians are increasingly pressuring school districts to improve instruction while holding down costs. To achieve this aim, western New York school districts are experimenting with mutual gains bargaining, an alternative negotiation process based on Roger Fisher and William Ury's 1991 book "Getting to Yes." Instead of bargaining from…

TEACHER-ADMINISTRATOR-SCHOOL BOARD RELATIONSHIPS.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

HOOKER, CLIFFORD P.; MUELLER, VAN D.

AT A WORKSHOP ON TEACHER-ADMINISTRATOR-SCHOOL BOARD RELATIONSHIPS HELD OCTOBER 12-15, 1966, AT HUDSON, WISCONSIN, MAJOR PRESENTATIONS CONCERNING COLLECTIVE BARGAINING IN EDUCATION WERE MADE BY FIFTEEN AUTHORITIES. THESE HAVE BEEN COMBINED INTO 12 CHAPTERS--(1) "THE LAW PERTINENT TO COLLECTIVE BARGAINING IN THE U.S.," (2) "THE LAW…

Selected Collective Bargaining Agreements of Northern California Two-Year Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Education Association, Washington, DC.

Collective bargaining agreements between 15 selected community college districts in northern California and their faculty associations are presented, representing contracts in effect in 1987. Contracts for the following colleges and districts are included: Butte Community College District, Cabrillo Community College District, College of the…

Selected Collective Bargaining Agreements of Florida Two-Year Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Education Association, Washington, DC.

Eight collective bargaining agreements between the boards of trustees of selected community colleges in Florida and their respective faculty associations are presented, representing contracts in effect in 1987. Contracts for the following colleges are provided: Brevard Community College, Broward Community College, Chipola Junior College, Edison…

Prosecution's Power, Procedural Rights, and Pleading Guilty: The Problem of Coercion in Plea Bargaining Drug Cases.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cloyd, Jerald W.

1979-01-01

The forms of psychological pressure placed on the defendant's pleading in drug cases are examined, with emphasis on the interplay between rational and emotional aspects of such situations. Three stages in plea bargaining negotiations are outlined. (Author/MC)

A game theory analysis of green infrastructure stormwater management policies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

William, Reshmina; Garg, Jugal; Stillwell, Ashlynn S.

2017-09-01

Green stormwater infrastructure has been demonstrated as an innovative water resources management approach that addresses multiple challenges facing urban environments. However, there is little consensus on what policy strategies can be used to best incentivize green infrastructure adoption by private landowners. Game theory, an analysis framework that has historically been under-utilized within the context of stormwater management, is uniquely suited to address this policy question. We used a cooperative game theory framework to investigate the potential impacts of different policy strategies used to incentivize green infrastructure installation. The results indicate that municipal regulation leads to the greatest reduction in pollutant loading. However, the choice of the "best" regulatory approach will depend on a variety of different factors including politics and financial considerations. Large, downstream agents have a disproportionate share of bargaining power. Results also reveal that policy impacts are highly dependent on agents' spatial position within the stormwater network, leading to important questions of social equity and environmental justice.

Carbohydrate Recognition by Boronolectins, Small Molecules, and Lectins

PubMed Central

Jin, Shan; Cheng, Yunfeng; Reid, Suazette; Li, Minyong; Wang, Binghe

2009-01-01

Carbohydrates are known to mediate a large number of biological and pathological events. Small and macromolecules capable of carbohydrate recognition have great potentials as research tools, diagnostics, vectors for targeted delivery of therapeutic and imaging agents, and therapeutic agents. However, this potential is far from being realized. One key issue is the difficulty in the development of “binders” capable of specific recognition of carbohydrates of biological relevance. This review discusses systematically the general approaches that are available in developing carbohydrate sensors and “binders/receptors,” and their applications. The focus is on discoveries during the last five years. PMID:19291708

29 CFR 541.4 - Other laws and collective bargaining agreements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Section 541.4 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... OUTSIDE SALES EMPLOYEES General Regulations § 541.4 Other laws and collective bargaining agreements. The... ordinances establishing a higher minimum wage or lower maximum workweek than those established under the Act...

Let's Make a Deal: A Dynamic Exercise for Practicing Negotiation Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beenen, Gerard; Barbuto, John E.

2014-01-01

Because negotiation is among the most important skills for a manager to develop, activities that can foster its development are valuable for educators. The authors present an original exercise that introduces three key concepts in negotiation: best alternative to a negotiated agreement, distributive bargaining, and integrative bargaining. They…

Collective Bargaining and the Community College.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, J. Rodney

In a brief overview, unionism is traced from the earliest craft unions through the formation of the National Labor Relations Board in 1938. Private and public sectors are then examined separately with the legislation related to them, including that directly affecting public employees in Florida. Factors causing collective bargaining in education…

Antagonistic and Bargaining Games in Optimal Marketing Decisions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lipovetsky, S.

2007-01-01

Game theory approaches to find optimal marketing decisions are considered. Antagonistic games with and without complete information, and non-antagonistic games techniques are applied to paired comparison, ranking, or rating data for a firm and its competitors in the market. Mix strategy, equilibrium in bi-matrix games, bargaining models with…

RIF and Collective Bargaining.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zirkel, Perry A.

1994-01-01

Focuses on the modern case-law intersection between state legislation for school districts that applies to reduction-in-force (RIF) and other state legislation that applies to collective bargaining. One conclusion is that the implementation of RIF is more likely to be negotiable and arbitrable than the reasons for RIF. (96 footnotes) (MLF)

Management Prerogatives and the Scope of Public School Bargaining.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baldwin, Grover H.

Examination of the scope of management prerogatives in negotiation raises the question of available guidelines for school boards. State legislation indicates that the scope of bargaining ranges from narrow restrictions to broad capabilities. Management prerogatives include the power to oversee budgets and hire and dismiss employees. School…

Collective Bargaining, a New Common Law for College Professors.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Frank

1980-01-01

In general, collective bargaining for college faculties means that individual faculty members cannot exercise traditional constitutional rights of due process, even if they are not members of the union. Some provisions differ from one state to another. However, both public and private colleges are increasingly voting to unionize. (Author/CTM)

75 FR 19345 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; FAR Case 2009-006, Labor Relations Costs

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-14

... manner of exercising, the right to organize and bargain collectively through representatives of the... exercising, rights to organize and bargain collectively are unallowable costs. This order is consistent with... persuade employees, of any entity, to exercise or not to exercise, or concerning the manner of exercising...

28 CFR 115.66 - Preservation of ability to protect inmates from contact with abusers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Adult Prisons and Jails Official... abusers. (a) Neither the agency nor any other governmental entity responsible for collective bargaining on the agency's behalf shall enter into or renew any collective bargaining agreement or other agreement...

28 CFR 115.266 - Preservation of ability to protect residents from contact with abusers

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Community Confinement Facilities... contact with abusers (a) Neither the agency nor any other governmental entity responsible for collective bargaining on the agency's behalf shall enter into or renew any collective bargaining agreement or other...

28 CFR 115.366 - Preservation of ability to protect residents from contact with abusers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Juvenile Facilities Official... with abusers. (a) Neither the agency nor any other governmental entity responsible for collective bargaining on the agency's behalf shall enter into or renew any collective bargaining agreement or other...

28 CFR 115.366 - Preservation of ability to protect residents from contact with abusers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Juvenile Facilities Official... with abusers. (a) Neither the agency nor any other governmental entity responsible for collective bargaining on the agency's behalf shall enter into or renew any collective bargaining agreement or other...

28 CFR 115.266 - Preservation of ability to protect residents from contact with abusers

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Community Confinement Facilities... contact with abusers (a) Neither the agency nor any other governmental entity responsible for collective bargaining on the agency's behalf shall enter into or renew any collective bargaining agreement or other...

28 CFR 115.166 - Preservation of ability to protect detainees from contact with abusers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Lockups Official Response Following.... (a) Neither the agency nor any other governmental entity responsible for collective bargaining on the agency's behalf shall enter into or renew any collective bargaining agreement or other agreement that...

28 CFR 115.66 - Preservation of ability to protect inmates from contact with abusers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Adult Prisons and Jails Official... abusers. (a) Neither the agency nor any other governmental entity responsible for collective bargaining on the agency's behalf shall enter into or renew any collective bargaining agreement or other agreement...

28 CFR 115.166 - Preservation of ability to protect detainees from contact with abusers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Lockups Official Response Following.... (a) Neither the agency nor any other governmental entity responsible for collective bargaining on the agency's behalf shall enter into or renew any collective bargaining agreement or other agreement that...

28 CFR 115.166 - Preservation of ability to protect detainees from contact with abusers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Lockups Official Response Following.... (a) Neither the agency nor any other governmental entity responsible for collective bargaining on the agency's behalf shall enter into or renew any collective bargaining agreement or other agreement that...

28 CFR 115.66 - Preservation of ability to protect inmates from contact with abusers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Adult Prisons and Jails Official... abusers. (a) Neither the agency nor any other governmental entity responsible for collective bargaining on the agency's behalf shall enter into or renew any collective bargaining agreement or other agreement...

28 CFR 115.266 - Preservation of ability to protect residents from contact with abusers

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Community Confinement Facilities... contact with abusers (a) Neither the agency nor any other governmental entity responsible for collective bargaining on the agency's behalf shall enter into or renew any collective bargaining agreement or other...

28 CFR 115.366 - Preservation of ability to protect residents from contact with abusers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Standards for Juvenile Facilities Official... with abusers. (a) Neither the agency nor any other governmental entity responsible for collective bargaining on the agency's behalf shall enter into or renew any collective bargaining agreement or other...

48 CFR 22.1002-3 - Wage determinations based on collective bargaining agreements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Wage determinations based on collective bargaining agreements. 22.1002-3 Section 22.1002-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations... ACQUISITIONS Service Contract Act of 1965, as Amended 22.1002-3 Wage determinations based on collective...

Are Charter School Unions Worth the Bargain?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Price, Mitch

2011-01-01

About 12 percent of all charter schools have bargaining agreements. Why do charter schools unionize? What is in these charter school contracts? Can they be considered innovative or models for union reform? And how do they compare to traditional district/union teacher contracts? Center on Reinventing Public Education legal analyst Mitch Price…

29 CFR 32.17 - Labor unions and recruiting and training agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Training Participation § 32.17 Labor unions and recruiting and training agencies. (a) The performance of a... revision in a collective bargaining agreement(s). The policy of the Department of Labor is to use its best... collective bargaining agreement or otherwise significantly affects a substantial number of employees...

Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions. Bibliography No. 17.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Beth

This bibliography is an annual accounting of current state-of-the-art research and writings on collective bargaining in higher education and the professions. Sources include books, monographs, dissertations, journals, periodicals, speeches and newspaper articles. In "Part I--Faculty Bibliography" the following topics are covered:…

Provision for Community College Faculty Development in Collective Bargaining Agreements

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wallace, Terry H. Smith

1976-01-01

Trends of collective negotiations were examined as they affect inservice education, through an examination of collective bargaining agreements. Conclusion: the trend is presently one of negotiation of provisions in a piecemeal fashion rather than one with the goal of establishing comprehensive professional improvement programs. (Editor/JT)

Selected Collective Bargaining Agreements of New Jersey Two-Year Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Education Association, Washington, DC.

Collective bargaining agreements of 15 selected New Jersey two-year colleges are presented, representing contracts in effect in 1987. Contracts for the following colleges are included: Atlantic Community College, Bergen Community College, Brookdale Community College, Burlington County College, Camden County College, County College of Morris,…

Trends in International Persuasion: Persuasion in the Arms Control Negotiations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hopmann, P. Terrence; Walcott, Charles

An analysis of the bargaining process in international arms control negotiations is possible by developing a framework of interrelated hypotheses, by delineating and practicing interactions study called "Bargaining Process Analysis," and by formulating procedural steps that bridge the gap between laboratory studies and "real world" situations. In…

A Comparison of Research Techniques Used in the Collective Bargaining Process.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ahrens, Stephen W.

Types of research currently being used in negotiating salaries and fringe benefits for faculty are discussed. As collective bargaining becomes more widespread among public colleges and universities it is suggested that the institutional researcher will be called upon to provide research relevant to the arbitration process. Master contract…

The Influence of "Goldfish Bowl" Bargaining in Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Magruder, Donald R.

The effects of Florida's "sunshine" law opening collective bargaining sessions to the public are outlined in this presentation, which summarizes the results of a survey of school board members, superintendents, and negotiators. Of the 101 school board members (one-third of Florida's total) responding to the questionnaire, 68 said that…

48 CFR 970.5222-1 - Collective Bargaining Agreements Management and Operating Contracts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Collective Bargaining Agreements Management and Operating Contracts. 970.5222-1 Section 970.5222-1 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY AGENCY SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Solicitation Provisions and Contract Clauses...

Bargaining.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

White, Janet M.

The most significant change appearing in the collective bargaining area in 1989 was the drop in number of cases compared to recent years. The largest number of cases challenged the specifics of fair share fee level establishment and the processes in place for collection of fees. There were also a significant number of cases surrounding issues of…

Evolving fuzzy rules for relaxed-criteria negotiation.

PubMed

Sim, Kwang Mong

2008-12-01

In the literature on automated negotiation, very few negotiation agents are designed with the flexibility to slightly relax their negotiation criteria to reach a consensus more rapidly and with more certainty. Furthermore, these relaxed-criteria negotiation agents were not equipped with the ability to enhance their performance by learning and evolving their relaxed-criteria negotiation rules. The impetus of this work is designing market-driven negotiation agents (MDAs) that not only have the flexibility of relaxing bargaining criteria using fuzzy rules, but can also evolve their structures by learning new relaxed-criteria fuzzy rules to improve their negotiation outcomes as they participate in negotiations in more e-markets. To this end, an evolutionary algorithm for adapting and evolving relaxed-criteria fuzzy rules was developed. Implementing the idea in a testbed, two kinds of experiments for evaluating and comparing EvEMDAs (MDAs with relaxed-criteria rules that are evolved using the evolutionary algorithm) and EMDAs (MDAs with relaxed-criteria rules that are manually constructed) were carried out through stochastic simulations. Empirical results show that: 1) EvEMDAs generally outperformed EMDAs in different types of e-markets and 2) the negotiation outcomes of EvEMDAs generally improved as they negotiated in more e-markets.

Heartbeat and economic decisions: observing mental stress among proposers and responders in the ultimatum bargaining game.

PubMed

Dulleck, Uwe; Schaffner, Markus; Torgler, Benno

2014-01-01

The ultimatum bargaining game (UBG), a widely used method in experimental economics, clearly demonstrates that motives other than pure monetary reward play a role in human economic decision making. In this study, we explore the behaviour and physiological reactions of both responders and proposers in an ultimatum bargaining game using heart rate variability (HRV), a small and nonintrusive technology that allows observation of both sides of an interaction in a normal experimental economics laboratory environment. We find that low offers by a proposer cause signs of mental stress in both the proposer and the responder; that is, both exhibit high ratios of low to high frequency activity in the HRV spectrum.

Global medicine: Is it ethical or morally justifiable for doctors and other healthcare workers to go on strike?

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background Doctor and healthcare worker (HCW) strikes are a global phenomenon with the potential to negatively impact on the quality of healthcare services and the doctor-patient relationship. Strikes are a legitimate deadlock breaking mechanism employed when labour negotiations have reached an impasse during collective bargaining. Striking doctors usually have a moral dilemma between adherence to the Hippocratic tenets of the medical profession and fiduciary obligation to patients. In such circumstances the ethical principles of respect for autonomy, justice and beneficence all come into conflict, whereby doctors struggle with their role as ordinary employees who are rightfully entitled to a just wage for just work versus their moral obligations to patients and society. Discussion It has been argued that to deny any group of workers, including "essential workers" the right to strike is akin to enslavement which is ethically and morally indefensible. While HCW strikes occur globally, the impact appears more severe in developing countries challenged by poorer socio-economic circumstances, embedded infrastructural deficiencies, and lack of viable alternative means of obtaining healthcare. These communities appear to satisfy the criteria for vulnerability and may be deserving of special ethical consideration when doctor and HCW strikes are contemplated. Summary The right to strike is considered a fundamental right whose derogation would be inimical to the proper functioning of employer/employee collective bargaining in democratic societies. Motivations for HCW strikes include the natural pressure to fulfil human needs and the paradigm shift in modern medical practice, from self-employment and benevolent paternalism, to managed healthcare and consumer rights. Minimizing the incidence and impact of HCW strikes will require an ethical approach from all stakeholders, and recognition that all parties have an equal moral obligation to serve the best interests of society. Employers should implement legitimate collective bargaining agreements in a timely manner and high-handed actions such as mass-firing of striking HCWs, or unjustifiable disciplinary action by regulators should be avoided. Minimum service level agreements should be implemented to mitigate the impact of HCW strikes on indigent populations. Striking employees including HCWs should also desist from making unrealistic wage demands which could bankrupt governments/employers or hamper provision of other equally important social services to the general population. PMID:24564968

Two Views on Collective Bargaining.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Southern Regional Education Board, Atlanta, GA.

Presented are two arguments on academic collective bargaining, by John R. Silber and Robert Nielsen. Dr. Silber argues that faculty organization causes the university to become more like a factory than a university, that a faculty member has more in common with a middle level manager today than with a professor of 25 years ago, and that…

How to Handle Impasses in Bargaining.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Durrant, Robert E.

Guidelines in an outline format are presented to school board members and administrators on how to handle impasses in bargaining. The following two rules are given: there sometimes may be strikes, but there always will be settlements; and on the way to settlements, there always will be impasses. Suggestions for handling impasses are listed under…

26 CFR 1.401(a)(26)-8 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... defined in § 1.410(b)-9. Section 401(k) plan. Section 401(k) plan means a plan consisting of elective....401(k)-1(a)(4)(i). Section 401(m) plan. Section 401(m) plan means a plan consisting of employee... unless otherwise provided. Collective bargaining agreement. Collective bargaining agreement means an...

Power Dependence in Individual Bargaining: The Expected Utility of Influence.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lawler, Edward J.; Bacharach, Samuel B.

1979-01-01

This study uses power-dependence theory as a framework for examining whether and how parties use information on each other's dependence to estimate the utility of an influence attempt. The effect of dependence in expected utilities is investigated (by role playing) in bargaining between employer and employee for a pay raise. (MF)

Collective Bargaining in Higher Education: Contract Content - 1972.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodwin, Harold I.; Andes, John O.

This document presents a statement indicating to those who are or may become engaged in drafting collective bargaining contracts in higher education institutions the major substance of current contracts. Accordingly, a series of tables are laid out showing by major topics the type and range of items found in the pool of 101 contracts, the…

48 CFR 22.1012-2 - Wage determinations based on collective bargaining agreements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Wage determinations based... new or changed collective bargaining agreement less than 10 days before bid opening and the... contracting agency after award of a successor contract or a modification as specified in 22.1007(b), provided...

Primer in Public Sector Labor Relations. A Practitioner's Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Indiana Univ., Bloomington. Midwest Center for Public Sector Labor Relations.

This guide is intended as a brief primer for the employer or employee new to public sector labor relations. A simple step-by-step approach to labor relations includes techniques for analysis of state enabling legislation, union self-perpetuation, scope of bargaining, preparing for and winning bargaining, settling disputes, solving contract…

Labor-Curb Plan Eyed Warily

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cavanagh, Sean

2011-01-01

Massive protests have been the norm in Wisconsin, since Gov. Scott Walker unveiled a plan to strip many collective bargaining rights from teachers and most other public employees. GOP elected officials are pursuing similar measures in Ohio and other states. But in the DeForest district, like some others around the state, collective bargaining,…

Collective Bargaining in Education and Pay for Performance. Research Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Center on Performance Incentives, 2008

2008-01-01

In "Collective Bargaining in Education and Pay for Performance"--a paper presented at the National Center on Performance Incentives research to policy conference in February--Jane Hannaway and Andrew J. Rotherham examine the interplay between the emerging policy focus on teacher pay for performance and the response of teacher unions.…

Negotiating Salaries, Volume II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Educational Service Bureau, Inc., Washington, DC.

This volume discusses specific strategy and tactics that can be employed in the effort to reach an agreement on salaries at the bargaining table. Although strategies and situations may vary from case to case, this report focuses on those principles and approaches that are essential to any good bargaining procedure. The discussion covers public vs.…

Collective Bargaining in Catholic Schools: What Does Governance Have to Do with It?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

James, John T.

2004-01-01

This article outlines the significant legal decisions regarding collective bargaining in Catholic schools, identifies the governance structures employed in Catholic schools and the methods of translating these governance structures into documents required by civil law, and concludes with the citation of two recent court decisions that demonstrate…

States Eye Curbs on Collective Bargaining by Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sawchuk, Stephen

2011-01-01

First it was changes to pay, then evaluation systems, and then tenure laws. Now, lawmakers in several states are challenging collective bargaining, the foundation of teacher unionism. Leaders in Idaho, Indiana, and Tennessee are proposing bills that would limit what, if anything, teachers' unions could negotiate. None of the proposals has yet…

Shared Governance in the Community College: An Analysis of Formal Authority in Collective Bargaining Agreements

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McDermott, Linda A.

2012-01-01

This qualitative study examines shared governance in Washington State's community and technical colleges and provides an analysis of faculty participation in governance based on formal authority in collective bargaining agreements. Contracts from Washington's thirty community and technical college districts were reviewed in order to identify in…

Policy Poison or Promise: Exploring the Dual Nature of California School District Collective Bargaining Agreements

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Strunk, Katharine O.

2012-01-01

Purpose: This study examines policies set in the collective bargaining agreements (CBAs) negotiated between teachers' unions and school boards and explores what kinds of districts have contract provisions that restrict district administrators, enhance administrative flexibility, and/or improve teachers' professional work lives and that have…

Inconvenient Truth? Do Collective Bargaining Agreements Help Explain the Mobility of Teachers within School Districts?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goldhaber, Dan; Lavery, Lesley; Theobald, Roddy

2016-01-01

We utilize detailed teacher-level longitudinal data from Washington State to investigate patterns of teacher mobility in districts with different collective bargaining agreement (CBA) transfer provisions. Specifically, we estimate the log odds that teachers of varying experience and effectiveness levels transfer out of their schools to other…

Collective Bargaining for Public Managers (State and Local): Case Materials.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Civil Service Commission, Washington, DC. Labor Relations Training Center.

The book contains exercises for the participants in a collective bargaining course designed to assist public sector managers in attaining a stable and productive labor relations environment. Each exercise has been keyed to an appropriate point in the instructor's manual. A number has been assigned to each exercise; the exercise is designated as…

The Impact of Collective Bargaining on Public and Client Interests in Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mitchell, Douglas E.

This paper proposes an analytical perspective that illuminates the major variables in the establishment of labor relations policy in education. It describes the relationships that exist between collective bargaining, the pursuit of the public interest, and the protection of client interests in the processes of schooling. The anslysis is based on…

Negotiating What Matters Most: Collective Bargaining and Student Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kerchner, Charles Taylor; Koppich, Julia E.

2007-01-01

Despite a statutorily narrow scope of bargaining, the scope of topics of union-management discussions has widened over the last 20 years, resulting in the birth of reform, or professional, unionism. But over the last half decade, professional unionism has waned. School management often refuses to see unions as partners, politicians fail to view…

Bonds or Bargains: Relationship Paradigms and Their Significance for Marital Therapy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Sue

1986-01-01

Discusses contrasting conceptual paradigms describing the nature of intimate relationships. Relationships may be viewed in terms of a rational bargain or as an emotional bond. The implications of each paradigm for the process of marital therapy and the role of bonding and attachment in adult intimacy are prescribed. Implications for marital…

Parents' Decision on Child Labour and School Attendance: Evidence from Iranian Households

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keshavarz Haddad, GholamReza

2017-01-01

In the framework of a household's collective decision processes, this study presents a structural empirical model to test the hypothesis that child labour is compelled by household's poverty and parent's bargaining power against one another. To this end, a measure for mother's intra-household bargaining power is developed. I use Iranian…

32 CFR 720.11 - Interviewing servicemembers or civilian employees by Federal civilian investigative agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... interview members or civilian employees of the Department of the Navy suspected or accused of crimes should... telephone is impractical. When the employee in question is a member of an exclusive bargaining unit, a staff... right to have a bargaining unit representative present during the interview. ...

32 CFR 720.11 - Interviewing servicemembers or civilian employees by Federal civilian investigative agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... interview members or civilian employees of the Department of the Navy suspected or accused of crimes should... telephone is impractical. When the employee in question is a member of an exclusive bargaining unit, a staff... right to have a bargaining unit representative present during the interview. ...

A Coalitional View of Site-Based Management: Implications for School Administrators in Collective Bargaining Environments.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Conley, Sharon C.; And Others

1991-01-01

Analyzes site-based management structures, using specific case of teacher unions and collective bargaining. From coalitional perspective, interview data suggest that teacher union leaders may be in a quandary, shifting between traditional "bread and butter" issues and professional/collegial concerns. A struggle exists involving the…

Does Collective Bargaining Influence the Pay Satisfaction of Elementary School Teachers?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Buckman, David G.; Tran, Henry; Young, I. Phillip

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of collective bargaining on teacher pay satisfaction and offer knowledge of the factors contributing to the pay satisfaction of public elementary school teachers. The study focuses on how human capital, occupational characteristics, and job related characteristics impact the pay satisfaction of…

The National Labor Relations Act and the Regulation of Public Employee Collective Bargaining

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCann, Walter; Smiley, Stafford

1976-01-01

The arguments for and against federal assumption of the responsibility for regulating the relationship between public employers and public employees are analyzed. It is suggested that the National Labor Relations Act should be extended to include them, thereby imposing upon them a duty to bargain collectively. Available from: the Harvard…

University Students and Emotional Bargaining: A Comparative Study of Staff Perspectives in Northern Europe

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bartram, Brendan

2018-01-01

This paper examines lecturers' perspectives on students' 'emotional bargaining' in higher education. Based on a social-functional understanding of emotions, it utilises a small-scale qualitative survey approach to explore and compare the views of 43 teaching staff at three universities in England, the Netherlands and Sweden. Particular…

Managing the Industrial Labor Relations Process in Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Julius, Daniel J., Ed.

This book contains 25 essays on the subject of industrial relations divided into the following parts: Essays and their authors are as follows: "The Context of Collective Bargaining in American Colleges and Universities" (Kenneth P. Mortimer); "Transformation of the U.S. Collective Bargaining System: The Impact on Higher Education" (James P.…

Going beyond the surface: gendered intra-household bargaining as a social determinant of child health and nutrition in low and middle income countries.

PubMed

Richards, Esther; Theobald, Sally; George, Asha; Kim, Julia C; Rudert, Christiane; Jehan, Kate; Tolhurst, Rachel

2013-10-01

A growing body of research highlights the importance of gendered social determinants of child health, such as maternal education and women's status, for mediating child survival. This narrative review of evidence from diverse low and middle-income contexts (covering the period 1970-May 2012) examines the significance of intra-household bargaining power and process as gendered dimensions of child health and nutrition. The findings focus on two main elements of bargaining: the role of women's decision-making power and access to and control over resources; and the importance of household headship, structure and composition. The paper discusses the implications of these findings in the light of lifecycle and intersectional approaches to gender and health. The relative lack of published intervention studies that explicitly consider gendered intra-household bargaining is highlighted. Given the complex mechanisms through which intra-household bargaining shapes child health and nutrition it is critical that efforts to address gender in health and nutrition programming are thoroughly documented and widely shared to promote further learning and action. There is scope to develop links between gender equity initiatives in areas of adult and adolescent health, and child health and nutrition programming. Child health and nutrition interventions will be more effective, equitable and sustainable if they are designed based on gender-sensitive information and continually evaluated from a gender perspective. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Is the value of Community Healthcare Agents in Brazil's Family Health Strategy receiving full recognition?

PubMed

Guanaes-Lorenzi, Carla; Pinheiro, Ricardo Lana

2016-08-01

This paper discusses meanings produced by Community Healthcare Agents (ACSs) on whether or not they feel that ACSs in Brazil's Family Health Strategy are receiving the recognition they deserve, considering their work with social networks. Discussion groups with 28 agents of six Health Units were held, sound-recorded and transcribed. Qualitative analysis of the material enables us to identify, in the discursive practices of ACSs, a tension on whether proper value is attributed to their work, or not. There was attribution of value when they talk of their activity in close proximity with the community, and their potential for construction of human connections; but there was non-attribution of value when they talk of the system's macro-structural aspects, such as low salaries, and low recognition of their function, in comparison to higher-level professionals. We conclude that the view of their work - still involving fragmented work processes, and expectation by the population that they will be able to provide immediate solutions to demands - might be preventing them from taking on board a more wide-ranging concept of primary healthcare, as a structuring and communication agent of the Healthcare Network, and as an organizing agent of Brazil's Unified Health System.

Supramolecular chemistry and chemical warfare agents: from fundamentals of recognition to catalysis and sensing.

PubMed

Sambrook, M R; Notman, S

2013-12-21

Supramolecular chemistry presents many possible avenues for the mitigation of the effects of chemical warfare agents (CWAs), including sensing, catalysis and sequestration. To-date, efforts in this field both to study fundamental interactions between CWAs and to design and exploit host systems remain sporadic. In this tutorial review the non-covalent recognition of CWAs is considered from first principles, including taking inspiration from enzymatic systems, and gaps in fundamental knowledge are indicated. Examples of synthetic systems developed for the recognition of CWAs are discussed with a focus on the supramolecular complexation behaviour and non-covalent approaches rather than on the proposed applications.

Sabbatical, Personal, Maternity, and Sick Leave Policies. Collective Bargaining Perspectives, Volume 2, Number 10.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goeres, Ernest R.

While hiring and advancement considerations are of paramount importance to the faculty member as well as to the institution where collective bargaining agreements are negotiated each year, other employment conditions are accorded almost as much consideration. Allowances for leave follow closely on the heels of placement and promotion conditions in…

In the Aftermath of Act 10: The Changed State of Teaching in a Changed State

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swalwell, Katy; Schweber, Simone; Sinclair, Kristin; Gallagher, Jennifer; Schirmer, Eleni

2017-01-01

Act 10, the 2011 legislative ruling in Wisconsin that reduced public-sector unions' collective bargaining power, provides a descriptive case study to examine what happens to teachers when collective bargaining disappears. Analysis of interviews with social studies teachers (n = 26) from a stratified random sample of 13 districts shows that the…

UNION RETRAINING PROGRAMS AND THE ROLE OF COLLECTIVE BARGAINING IN COMBATING CHRONIC UNEMPLOYMENT.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

LEVINE, MARVIN J.

DURING THE PAST FEW DECADES, A NUMBER OF UNIONS HAVE HELPED MEMBERS TO RETRAIN TO COPE WITH TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE OR TO UPGRADE TRADE OR CRAFT SKILLS, AND SOME UNIONS HAVE PARTICIPATED WITH EMPLOYERS IN JOINT APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS AND SIMILAR EFFORTS. COLLECTIVE BARGAINING PROVISIONS FOR RETRAINING HAVE BEEN DESIGNED TO KEEP AS MANY WORKERS AS…

In Search of Consensus: Role Versus Belief Systems in Bureaucratic Bargaining. An American Foreign Policy Simulation (AFPS).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hobbs, Heidi H.; Moreno, Dario V.

Reported are results from two runs of the simulation "Bureaucratic Bargaining," developed to help students understand the inherent tension between roles and belief systems in American foreign policy decision making. To determine their belief systems, 165 students enrolled in an introductory international relations course were tested with…

1977 Florida Statewide Conference on Institutional Research. The Shift in Decision Making Responsibilities: Institutional Research Response.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Strenglein, Denise, Ed.

Centralized control of budgets and programs, a growing consumerism among students, and collective bargaining are among the issues addressed in a Florida statewide conference on institutional research. papers and reports include: the keynote address; a legislative workshop; a collective bargaining panel; The New College Story as Told by 103 Alumni…

Agreement: Desert Community College District, College of the Desert Faculty Association CTA/NEA, January 13, 1989-June 30, 1989.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Desert Community Coll. District, Palm Desert, CA.

The collective bargaining agreement between the Desert Community College District and the College of the Desert Faculty Association/California Teachers Association/National Education Association is presented. This contract, covering the period from January 13, 1989 through June 30, 1989, deals with the following topics: bargaining agent…

Collective Bargaining Agreement, 1989-1992, between College of the Desert Faculty Association CTA/NEA and Desert Community College District.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Desert Community Coll. District, Palm Desert, CA.

The collective bargaining agreement between Desert Community College District Board of Trustees and the College of the Desert Faculty Association/California Teachers Association/National Education Association is presented. This contract, covering the period from November 17, 1989 through June 30, 1992, deals with the following topics: bargaining…

Napa Valley Community College District and Napa Valley College Faculty Association/CTA/NEA 1988-89 Agreement.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Napa Valley Community Coll. District, Napa, CA.

The collective bargaining agreement between the Board of Trustees of the Napa Valley Community College District and the Napa Valley College Faculty Association/California Teachers Association/National Education Association is presented. This contract, in effect from June 1988 through July 1989, deals with the following topics: bargaining agent…

Special Issue: Campus Unions: Organized Faculty and Graduate Students in U.S. Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cain, Timothy Reese

2017-01-01

The unionization of instructional workers is a central feature of U.S. higher education, with more than a quarter of those teaching college classes covered by collectively bargained contracts. Though dated, the best existing numbers indicate that more than 430,000 faculty members, graduate students, and related personnel are in bargaining units;…

Collective Bargaining in Four Year Institutions: A Faculty Perspective Viewed through the Easton Model.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rockman, Ilene F.

A systems model, developed by David Easton, is used to provide some clarity to many of the issues involved with collective bargaining in American higher education. The model serves as an illustration for understanding how decisions are made, and as a conceptual frame of reference to analyze the political situation. The issues surrounding…

From Meet and Confer to Collective Bargaining to Collaborative Bargaining.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wagner, Shelby E.

For most of America's history, teachers have had few labor negotiating rights and little power to exert them. The National Labor Relations Act established the National Labor Relations Board and helped teachers gain more power in labor negotiations. Many worker rights gained from the 1930s through the 1970s were undermined by the increased…

Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions. Bibliography No. 21.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lowe, Ida B., Ed.; Johnson, Beth Hillman, Ed.

This bibliography of 885 citations is an annual accounting of the literature on collective bargaining in higher education and the professions for 1992. The research design and methodology used in the preparation of this volume relied on computer searches of various data bases, as well as manual retrieval of citations not available on data bases.…

Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions. Bibliography No. 20.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lowe, Ida B.; Johnson, Beth Hillman

This bibliography of 834 citations is an annual accounting of literature on collective bargaining in higher education and the professions for 1991. The research and design and methodology used in the preparation of this volume relied on computer searches of various databases and manual retrieval of other citations not available on database.…

Higher Education Collective Bargaining during a Period of Change. Proceedings of the Annual Conference (22nd, New York, New York, April 18-19, 1994).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Annunziato, Frank R., Ed.; Johnson, Beth H., Ed.

This collection of 25 papers addresses current issues related to collective bargaining in higher education. The papers include: (1) "Higher Education Today" (Keith Geiger); (2) "Political Correctness, Academic Freedom, and Academic Unionism: Introductory Comments" (Matthew Goldstein); (3) "Academic Freedom and Campus…

Teacher Evaluation and Collective Bargaining: Resolving Policy at a Local Level

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Paige, Mark

2013-01-01

This case study analyzes controversial teacher evaluation policies in the context of collective bargaining. Dr. Jill Abrams, a new superintendent in a struggling school district, is at the center of the case. Her school board demands a form of teacher evaluation she finds problematic because it includes value-added modeling. Moreover, the board…

District Self-Assessment Tool: For Modification of Collective Bargaining Agreements to Achieve Flexible Conditions for School Turnaround

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mass Insight Education (NJ1), 2011

2011-01-01

The District Self-Assessment Tool is designed to support districts, unions and Lead Partners, when analyzing their existing collective bargaining agreement (CBA) with the intention of making targeted modifications to support the implementation of dramatic reform in the district's lowest-performing schools. By outlining objectives and suggested…

Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions. Bibliography No. 22.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lowe, Ida B., Ed.; Johnson, Beth Hillman, Ed.

This bibliography of 886 citations is an annual accounting of the literature on collective bargaining in higher education and the professions for 1993. The research design and methodology used in the preparation of this volume relied on computer searches of various data bases, as well as manual retrieval of citations not available on data bases.…

Successful Negotiation in Schools: Management, Unions, Employees, and Citizens.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herman, Jerry J.; Herman, Janice L.

This book is a how-to-do-it roadmap that presents practical details on the important aspects of collective bargaining at the local school district level. It details all of the strategies, tasks, events, and influences that bear on the collective bargaining process from the initial certification election of a union through the preparation for…

Invisible Ink in Collective Bargaining: Why Key Issues Are Not Addressed

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cohen, Emily; Walsh, Kate; Biddle, RiShawn

2008-01-01

In this report, the National Council on Teacher Quality (NCTQ) takes a close look at the governance of the teaching profession and finds that state legislators and other state-level policymakers crafting state laws and regulation, not those bargaining at the local level, decide some of the most important rules governing the teaching profession.…

Ohio Vote to Scrap Bargaining a Labor Victory--For Now

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McNeil, Michele

2011-01-01

Voters in Ohio sent an unequivocal message to the state's Republican governor and lawmakers that they went too far in reining in collective bargaining for teachers and other public employees. But analysts say the conflict between the GOP and teachers' unions in Ohio and elsewhere is not over. By an overwhelming, 22-percentage-point margin,…

Legal distinction between employee and independent contractor as applied to collective bargaining activities in timber harvesting

Treesearch

James E. Granskog; William C. Siegal

1977-01-01

Collective bargaining attempts by timber harvesting labor groups is often complicated by lack of a clear legal distinction between "employees" and "independent contractors." the primary criterion to make the distinction - the "right-to-control" test of common law - has now been amplified by a number of secondary tests, including: 1) the...

Higher Education Collective Bargaining: Beyond the Boundaries. Proceedings of the Annual Conference (23rd, New York, NY, April 24-25, 1995).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Annunziato, Frank R., Ed.; Johnson, Beth H., Ed.

This collection of 17 papers addresses current issues related to collective bargaining in higher education and the professions. The papers include: (1) "The American Academic Model Abroad" (Irwin H. Polishook); (2) "The European Perspective" (Gerd Kohler); (3) "Economic Integration in the North American Region:…

Software for Partly Automated Recognition of Targets

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Opitz, David; Blundell, Stuart; Bain, William; Morris, Matthew; Carlson, Ian; Mangrich, Mark; Selinsky, T.

2002-01-01

The Feature Analyst is a computer program for assisted (partially automated) recognition of targets in images. This program was developed to accelerate the processing of high-resolution satellite image data for incorporation into geographic information systems (GIS). This program creates an advanced user interface that embeds proprietary machine-learning algorithms in commercial image-processing and GIS software. A human analyst provides samples of target features from multiple sets of data, then the software develops a data-fusion model that automatically extracts the remaining features from selected sets of data. The program thus leverages the natural ability of humans to recognize objects in complex scenes, without requiring the user to explain the human visual recognition process by means of lengthy software. Two major subprograms are the reactive agent and the thinking agent. The reactive agent strives to quickly learn the user's tendencies while the user is selecting targets and to increase the user's productivity by immediately suggesting the next set of pixels that the user may wish to select. The thinking agent utilizes all available resources, taking as much time as needed, to produce the most accurate autonomous feature-extraction model possible.

21 CFR 316.34 - FDA recognition of exclusive approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 5 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false FDA recognition of exclusive approval. 316.34... (CONTINUED) DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE ORPHAN DRUGS Orphan-drug Exclusive Approval § 316.34 FDA recognition of exclusive approval. (a) FDA will send the sponsor (or, the permanent-resident agent, if applicable) timely...

21 CFR 316.34 - FDA recognition of exclusive approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 5 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false FDA recognition of exclusive approval. 316.34... (CONTINUED) DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE ORPHAN DRUGS Orphan-drug Exclusive Approval § 316.34 FDA recognition of exclusive approval. (a) FDA will send the sponsor (or, the permanent-resident agent, if applicable) timely...

21 CFR 316.34 - FDA recognition of exclusive approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 5 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false FDA recognition of exclusive approval. 316.34... (CONTINUED) DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE ORPHAN DRUGS Orphan-drug Exclusive Approval § 316.34 FDA recognition of exclusive approval. (a) FDA will send the sponsor (or, the permanent-resident agent, if applicable) timely...

21 CFR 316.34 - FDA recognition of exclusive approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 5 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false FDA recognition of exclusive approval. 316.34... (CONTINUED) DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE ORPHAN DRUGS Orphan-drug Exclusive Approval § 316.34 FDA recognition of exclusive approval. (a) FDA will send the sponsor (or, the permanent-resident agent, if applicable) timely...

21 CFR 316.34 - FDA recognition of exclusive approval.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 5 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false FDA recognition of exclusive approval. 316.34... (CONTINUED) DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE ORPHAN DRUGS Orphan-drug Exclusive Approval § 316.34 FDA recognition of exclusive approval. (a) FDA will send the sponsor (or, the permanent-resident agent, if applicable) timely...

Indirect effects of host-specific biological control agents

Treesearch

Dean E. Pearson; Ragan M. Callaway

2003-01-01

Biological control is a crucial tool in the battle against biological invasions, but biocontrol agents can have a deleterious impact on native species. Recognition of risks associated with host shifting has increased the emphasis on host specificity of biocontrol agents for invasive weeds. However, recent studies indicate host-specific biocontrol agents can...

Resources for Shaping Collective Bargaining Laws to Meet the Special Needs of Higher Education. Special Report No. 18.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Academic Collective Bargaining Information Service, Washington, DC.

At least 10 additional states, as of Febraury 1975, and the Congress of the United States are shaping bills that, should they become law, will enable teachers and other professionals employed by public colleges and universities to utilize collective bargaining as an instrument for determining wages, hours, and other conditions of employment. Many…

29 CFR 2510.3-40 - Plans Established or Maintained Under or Pursuant to Collective Bargaining Agreements Under...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... and retirees covered under the pre-merger plans continued to be covered under the post-merger plans... the pre-merger plans and continue to be covered under the post-merger plans based on their past..., bargaining unit alumni who were covered under the pre-merger plans and continued to be covered under the post...

29 CFR 2510.3-40 - Plans Established or Maintained Under or Pursuant to Collective Bargaining Agreements Under...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... and retirees covered under the pre-merger plans continued to be covered under the post-merger plans... the pre-merger plans and continue to be covered under the post-merger plans based on their past..., bargaining unit alumni who were covered under the pre-merger plans and continued to be covered under the post...

29 CFR 2510.3-40 - Plans Established or Maintained Under or Pursuant to Collective Bargaining Agreements Under...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... and retirees covered under the pre-merger plans continued to be covered under the post-merger plans... the pre-merger plans and continue to be covered under the post-merger plans based on their past..., bargaining unit alumni who were covered under the pre-merger plans and continued to be covered under the post...

29 CFR 2510.3-40 - Plans Established or Maintained Under or Pursuant to Collective Bargaining Agreements Under...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... and retirees covered under the pre-merger plans continued to be covered under the post-merger plans... the pre-merger plans and continue to be covered under the post-merger plans based on their past..., bargaining unit alumni who were covered under the pre-merger plans and continued to be covered under the post...

29 CFR 2510.3-40 - Plans Established or Maintained Under or Pursuant to Collective Bargaining Agreements Under...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... and retirees covered under the pre-merger plans continued to be covered under the post-merger plans... the pre-merger plans and continue to be covered under the post-merger plans based on their past..., bargaining unit alumni who were covered under the pre-merger plans and continued to be covered under the post...

The Explicit and Implicit Organizational Structures for the Collective Bargaining Process under the California Legislation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Criswell, Larry W.

Douglas Mitchell suggests that statute construction issues arise from the interaction between the realities of power resources and the goal of giving each interest group sufficient power to protect and pursue its own interests while preserving the rights or interests of others. California SB 160 explicitly limits the scope of bargaining to wages,…

The Effect of Collective Bargaining on the Issue of "Excellence or Equality" in Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaufman, Jacob J.; Flanary, Patricia E.

What is the effect of collective bargaining on the issue of excellence or equality in higher education? Relevant to this discussion are: (1) institutions of higher education vary so greatly in goals, student bodies, and products that we cannot study higher education as a single industry producing a single product; (2) the economic and political…

Collective Bargaining and District Costs for Teacher Health Insurance: An Examination of the Data from the BLS and Wisconsin

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Costrell, Robert M.

2015-01-01

District costs for teachers' health insurance are, on average, higher then employer costs for private-sector professionals. How much of this is attributable to collective bargaining? This article examines the question using data from the National Compensation Survey (NCS) of the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) and the state of Wisconsin. In…

Analysis of Legislation in 23 States Enabling Collective Bargaining in Higher Education. Special Report No. 17.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Academic Collective Bargaining Information Service, Washington, DC.

This document analyzes legislation in 23 states enabling collective bargaining in higher education. Highlights indicate: (1) Twenty of the 23 laws were either passed or amended within the last 3 years. (2) Only five laws made special effort to identify college faculty explicitly as being covered and needing some special concern. (3) Only three…

Faculty Voting Behavior in the Collective Bargaining Elections for the Pennsylvania State Colleges and University System and Temple University.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lozier, G. Gregory; Mortimer, Kenneth P.

After faculty collective bargaining elections were held in the 14-campus Pennsylvania State College system and Temple University, questionnaires were administered to a sample of faculty. The objectives of the research were to identify relationships between the independent variable of faculty voting behavior in these elections and the following…

Faculty, Student and Staff Attitudes Toward Potential Collective Bargaining Issues at the Ohio State University. Research Summary No. 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Phelan, Daniel J.

Attitudes concerning faculty unionization have an impact on its rejection or acceptance and its subsequent implementation. This study was conducted to determine the level of agreement among faculty, student services staff, and students before major collective bargaining activities, such as a run-off election, take place. Assessed are attitudes…

Collective Bargaining Agreement between Flathead Valley Community College Board of Trustees and the FVCC Education Association.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flathead Valley Community Coll., Kalispell, MT.

This collective bargaining agreement between the Flathead Valley Community College (FVCC) Board of Trustees and the FVCC Education Association establishes management rights, rights of members, and terms of employment for the period July 1, 1989 through June 30, 1991. The 22 articles in the agreement include the following: (1) preamble; (2)…

Collective Bargaining Agreement between Antelope Valley Community College and Antelope Valley College Faculty Association, June 13, 1988.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Antelope Valley Coll., Lancaster, CA.

The collective bargaining agreement between Antelope Valley Community College and the Antelope Valley College Faculty Association outlines the terms of employment for all full- and part-time certificated employees of the District, covering the period from June 1988 to June 1990. The articles in the agreement set forth provisions related to: (1)…

Teachers' Unions and Compensation: The Impact of Collective Bargaining on Salary Schedules and Performance Pay Schemes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

West, Kristine Lamm; Mykerezi, Elton

2011-01-01

This study examines the impact that collective bargaining has on multiple dimensions of teacher compensation, including average and starting salaries, early and late returns to experience, returns to graduate degrees, and the incidence of different pay for performance schemes. Using data from the School and Staffing Survey (SASS) and a more recent…

76 FR 82131 - Special Procedural Rules With Respect to Representation Cases Governing Periods When the National...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-30

... impracticable within the meaning of 5 U.S.C. 5553(b)(3)(B) before the Board loses a quorum on January 3, 2012... promptly to tally the ballots cast by bargaining unit employees. The Board anticipates that the suspension... request for review. In such cases, the choice of the bargaining unit employees will be effectuated...

Teacher Satisfaction and Turnover in Charter Schools: Examining the Variations and Possibilities for Collective Bargaining in State Laws

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Torres, A. Chris; Oluwole, Joseph

2015-01-01

Charter schools see as many as one in four teachers leave annually, and recent evidence attributes much of this turnover to provisions affected by collective bargaining processes and state laws such as salary, benefits, job security, and working hours. There have been many recent efforts to improve teacher voice in charter schools (Kahlenberg…

Inconvenient Truth? Do Collective Bargaining Agreements Help Explain the Mobility of Teachers within School Districts? CEDR Working Paper. WP #2015-­1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goldhaber, Dan; Lavery, Lesley; Theobald, Roddy

2015-01-01

We investigate patterns of teacher mobility in districts with different collective bargaining agreement (CBA) transfer provisions. We use detailed teacher-level longitudinal data from Washington State to estimate the probability that teachers of varying experience and effectiveness levels transfer out of their schools to another school in the…

Employment Law, Negotiation, and the Business Environment: A Cooperative Collective Bargaining Negotiation of the National Hockey League Lockout of 2004

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ciocchetti, Corey A.

2008-01-01

Employment law is a "must-cover" subject in business environment courses. Comparing the plethora of topics requiring coverage with the limited time devoted to employment law during a typical academic term, other important employment subjects--such as negotiation and collective bargaining--commonly receive short shrift. This article offers a…

Pressure Point On Campus: Academic Program Planning and Resource Allocation in Conflict with the Bargaining Table.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kieft, Raymond

Considered are the nature and extent of some of the basic conflicts that arise when two, future-oriented, decision-making processes--institutional program planning/resource allocation and collective bargaining--are both present on the same campus. The identified conflicts come from the experiences of a university that was one of the first in the…

To Bargain or Govern: The Impact of Yeshiva on Private and Public Sector Collective Bargaining in Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Benson, Dena Elliott

1980-01-01

The history of excluding supervisory employees from National Labor Relations Board protection is traced and the Yeshiva University case and implications for higher education are outlined. It is concluded that further court action is needed so as not to further undermine the university's effectiveness. (Journal availability: Ohio N. Univ. Law…

Recent Trends in Collective Bargaining. International Management Seminar (Castelfusano, September 21-24, 1971.) International Seminars 1971-1. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Candau, Pierre

In this monograph, the author summarizes the findings of a seminar on collective negotiation that was conducted by representatives of several countries. The report (1) examines the ideas contributed that concern the roles of the different social partners; (2) discusses the structure of collective bargaining at the international, interindustry,…

Bioterrorism for the respiratory physician.

PubMed

Waterer, Grant W; Robertson, Hannah

2009-01-01

Terrorist attacks by definition are designed to cause fear and panic. There is no question that a terrorist attack using biological agents would present a grave threat to stability of the society in which they were released. Early recognition of such a bioterrorist attack is crucial to containing the damage they could cause. As many of the most likely bioterrorism agents present with pulmonary disease, respiratory physicians may be crucial in the initial recognition and diagnosis phase, and certainly would be drawn into treatment of affected individuals. This review focuses on the biological agents thought most likely to be used by terrorists that have predominantly respiratory presentations. The primary focus of this review is on anthrax, plague, tularaemia, ricin, and Staphylococcal enterotoxin B. The pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment of these agents will be discussed as well as historical examples of their use. Other potential bioterrorism agents with respiratory manifestations will also be discussed briefly.

Needs assessment for business strategies of anesthesiology groups' practices.

PubMed

Scurlock, Corey; Dexter, Franklin; Reich, David L; Galati, Maria

2011-07-01

Progress has been made in understanding strategic decision making influencing anesthesia groups' operating room business practices. However, there has been little analysis of the remaining gaps in our knowledge. We performed a needs assessment to identify unsolved problems in anesthesia business strategy based on Porter's Five Forces Analysis. The methodology was a narrative literature review. We found little previous investigation for 2 of the 5 forces (threat of new entrants and bargaining power of suppliers), modest understanding for 1 force (threat of substitute products or services), and substantial understanding for 2 forces (bargaining power of customers and jockeying for position among current competitors). Additional research in strategic decisions influencing anesthesia groups should focus on the threat of new entrants, bargaining power of suppliers, and the threat of substitute products or services.

Online bargaining and interpersonal trust.

PubMed

Naquin, Charles E; Paulson, Gaylen D

2003-02-01

The presented study explores the effect of interacting over the Internet on interpersonal trust when bargaining online. Relative to face-to-face negotiations, online negotiations were characterized by (a) lower levels of pre-negotiation trust and (b) lower levels of post-negotiation trust. The reduced levels of pre-negotiation trust in online negotiations (i.e., before any interaction took place) demonstrate that negotiators bring different expectations to the electronic bargaining table than to face-to-face negotiations. These negative perceptions of trust were found to mediate another aspect of the relationship, namely, desired future interaction. Those who negotiated online reported less desire for future interactions with the other party. Online negotiators also were less satisfied with their outcome and less confident in the quality of their performance, despite the absence of observable differences in economic outcome quality.

Sharpen your bargaining skills.

PubMed

Marcus, L J

1996-10-14

As the health-care revolution continues, bargaining skills have become more crucial for doctors than ever before. If you want your practice to thrive, you must regularly negotiate with colleagues, practice administrators, allied health professionals, managed-care plans, business groups, hospitals, and the government. Yet medical schools and residency programs devote little if any time to negotiating skills. The "golden days," when physicians could afford to be mavericks, are over. Doctors must develop a new collaborative outlook to be successful and happy in their careers, says Leonard J. Marcus, Ph.D., lead author of the book "Renegotiating Health Care: Resolving conflict to Build Collaboration." He and his co-authors often conduct seminars for health professionals on improving bargaining skills. The following excerpt concerns the role of conflict in negotiation, and how to resolve it.

Agent tracking: a psycho-historical theory of the identification of living and social agents.

PubMed

Bullot, Nicolas J

To explain agent-identification behaviours, universalist theories in the biological and cognitive sciences have posited mental mechanisms thought to be universal to all humans, such as agent detection and face recognition mechanisms. These universalist theories have paid little attention to how particular sociocultural or historical contexts interact with the psychobiological processes of agent-identification. In contrast to universalist theories, contextualist theories appeal to particular historical and sociocultural contexts for explaining agent-identification. Contextualist theories tend to adopt idiographic methods aimed at recording the heterogeneity of human behaviours across history, space, and cultures. Defenders of the universalist approach tend to criticise idiographic methods because such methods can lead to relativism or may lack generality. To overcome explanatory limitations of proposals that adopt either universalist or contextualist approaches in isolation, I propose a philosophical model that integrates contributions from both traditions: the psycho-historical theory of agent-identification. This theory investigates how the tracking processes that humans use for identifying agents interact with the unique socio-historical contexts that support agent-identification practices. In integrating hypotheses about the history of agents with psychological and epistemological principles regarding agent-identification, the theory can generate novel hypotheses regarding the distinction between recognition-based, heuristic-based, and explanation-based agent-identification.

21 CFR 516.34 - FDA recognition of exclusive marketing rights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false FDA recognition of exclusive marketing rights. 516... SPECIES Designation of a Minor Use or Minor Species New Animal Drug § 516.34 FDA recognition of exclusive marketing rights. (a) FDA will send the sponsor (or the permanent-resident U.S. agent, if applicable) timely...

21 CFR 516.34 - FDA recognition of exclusive marketing rights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false FDA recognition of exclusive marketing rights. 516... SPECIES Designation of a Minor Use or Minor Species New Animal Drug § 516.34 FDA recognition of exclusive marketing rights. (a) FDA will send the sponsor (or the permanent-resident U.S. agent, if applicable) timely...

21 CFR 516.34 - FDA recognition of exclusive marketing rights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false FDA recognition of exclusive marketing rights. 516... SPECIES Designation of a Minor Use or Minor Species New Animal Drug § 516.34 FDA recognition of exclusive marketing rights. (a) FDA will send the sponsor (or the permanent-resident U.S. agent, if applicable) timely...

21 CFR 516.34 - FDA recognition of exclusive marketing rights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false FDA recognition of exclusive marketing rights. 516... SPECIES Designation of a Minor Use or Minor Species New Animal Drug § 516.34 FDA recognition of exclusive marketing rights. (a) FDA will send the sponsor (or the permanent-resident U.S. agent, if applicable) timely...

21 CFR 516.34 - FDA recognition of exclusive marketing rights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false FDA recognition of exclusive marketing rights. 516... SPECIES Designation of a Minor Use or Minor Species New Animal Drug § 516.34 FDA recognition of exclusive marketing rights. (a) FDA will send the sponsor (or the permanent-resident U.S. agent, if applicable) timely...

Effects of Spousal Satisfaction and Selected Career Factors on Job Satisfaction of Extension Agents.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hebert, Michael; Kotrlik, Joe W.

1990-01-01

A survey of extension agents and their spouses (n=127, 83 percent) found that the strongest predictor of job satisfaction was spousal satisfaction. Four-H agents had lower job satisfaction, related to long, irregular working hours. Agents had low extrinsic satisfaction related to recognition, salary, policies, and decision-making power. Spouses…

The Crisis in Railroad Collective Bargaining: A Study of the Institutional Impediments to Change in the Industrial Relations System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Risher, Howard W., Jr.

The rapid technological and employment changes have had a serious impact on the railroad industrial relations system and its manpower. The organization of the collective bargaining system and the Railway Labor Act have seriously impeded rather than aided the meeting of the challenges of these developments. This study recommends a recasting of the…

Views on Bargaining in Pennsylvania's Public Schools. Results of Opinion Research Conducted for the Governor's Study Commission on Public Employe Relations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pennsylvania State Dept. of Education, Harrisburg.

This report gives the results of a major research effort by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) in support of the work of the governor's study commission on public employee relations. The PDE and study commission staffs developed an opinionnaire that sought reactions of respondents to the individual bargaining experiences of their…

It Is in the Contract: How the Policies Set in Teachers' Unions' Collective Bargaining Agreements Vary across States and Districts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Strunk, Katharine O.; Cowen, Joshua M.; Goldhaber, Dan; Marianno, Bradley D.; Kilbride, Tara; Theobald, Roddy

2018-01-01

We examine more than 1,000 collective bargaining agreements (CBAs) in place across California, Michigan, and Washington. We investigate the prevalence of a set of 43 key provisions between and within these states, providing the first comprehensive comparison of CBA terms using data drawn from economically and demographically different districts,…

PROFESSIONAL NEGOTIATION IN EDUCATION--A BARGAINING GAME WITH SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS. INSTRUCTOR'S MANUAL. FIRST REVISED EDITION.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

HORVAT, JOHN J.

IN AN APPLICATION OF GAME THEORY TO PREPARE PARTICIPATING PERSONNEL FOR EFFECTIVE PROFESSIONAL NEGOTIATION IN EDUCATION, THREE FORMS OF COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ARE SIMULATED--ONE FOR A FOUR- TO EIGHT-HOUR TIME PERIOD, A SECOND FOR A TWO- TO FOUR-DAY TIME PERIOD, AND A THIRD FOR A ONE- TO THREE-WEEK WORKSHOP OR SEMINAR. LONGER FORMS PRESENT MORE…

Gender of Children, Bargaining Power, and Intrahousehold Resource Allocation in China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Li, Lixing; Wu, Xiaoyu

2011-01-01

Based on the prevalent son preference in China, this paper proposes a new measure of relative bargaining power within the household. Using data from China Health and Nutrition Survey, we show that a woman with a first-born son has a 3.9 percentage points' greater role in household decision-making than a woman with a first-born daughter. Having a…

A Subset of Latency-Reversing Agents Expose HIV-Infected Resting CD4+ T-Cells to Recognition by Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes

PubMed Central

Jones, R. Brad; Mueller, Stefanie; O’Connor, Rachel; Rimpel, Katherine; Sloan, Derek D.; Karel, Dan; Wong, Hing C.; Jeng, Emily K.; Thomas, Allison S.; Whitney, James B.; Lim, So-Yon; Kovacs, Colin; Benko, Erika; Karandish, Sara; Huang, Szu-Han; Buzon, Maria J.; Lichterfeld, Mathias; Irrinki, Alivelu; Murry, Jeffrey P.; Tsai, Angela; Yu, Helen; Geleziunas, Romas; Trocha, Alicja; Ostrowski, Mario A.; Irvine, Darrell J.; Walker, Bruce D.

2016-01-01

Resting CD4+ T-cells harboring inducible HIV proviruses are a critical reservoir in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated subjects. These cells express little to no viral protein, and thus neither die by viral cytopathic effects, nor are efficiently cleared by immune effectors. Elimination of this reservoir is theoretically possible by combining latency-reversing agents (LRAs) with immune effectors, such as CD8+ T-cells. However, the relative efficacy of different LRAs in sensitizing latently-infected cells for recognition by HIV-specific CD8+ T-cells has not been determined. To address this, we developed an assay that utilizes HIV-specific CD8+ T-cell clones as biosensors for HIV antigen expression. By testing multiple CD8+ T-cell clones against a primary cell model of HIV latency, we identified several single agents that primed latently-infected cells for CD8+ T-cell recognition, including IL-2, IL-15, two IL-15 superagonists (IL-15SA and ALT-803), prostratin, and the TLR-2 ligand Pam3CSK4. In contrast, we did not observe CD8+ T-cell recognition of target cells following treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitors or with hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA). In further experiments we demonstrate that a clinically achievable concentration of the IL-15 superagonist ‘ALT-803’, an agent presently in clinical trials for solid and hematological tumors, primes the natural ex vivo reservoir for CD8+ T-cell recognition. Thus, our results establish a novel experimental approach for comparative evaluation of LRAs, and highlight ALT-803 as an LRA with the potential to synergize with CD8+ T-cells in HIV eradication strategies. PMID:27082643

A Subset of Latency-Reversing Agents Expose HIV-Infected Resting CD4+ T-Cells to Recognition by Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes.

PubMed

Jones, R Brad; Mueller, Stefanie; O'Connor, Rachel; Rimpel, Katherine; Sloan, Derek D; Karel, Dan; Wong, Hing C; Jeng, Emily K; Thomas, Allison S; Whitney, James B; Lim, So-Yon; Kovacs, Colin; Benko, Erika; Karandish, Sara; Huang, Szu-Han; Buzon, Maria J; Lichterfeld, Mathias; Irrinki, Alivelu; Murry, Jeffrey P; Tsai, Angela; Yu, Helen; Geleziunas, Romas; Trocha, Alicja; Ostrowski, Mario A; Irvine, Darrell J; Walker, Bruce D

2016-04-01

Resting CD4+ T-cells harboring inducible HIV proviruses are a critical reservoir in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated subjects. These cells express little to no viral protein, and thus neither die by viral cytopathic effects, nor are efficiently cleared by immune effectors. Elimination of this reservoir is theoretically possible by combining latency-reversing agents (LRAs) with immune effectors, such as CD8+ T-cells. However, the relative efficacy of different LRAs in sensitizing latently-infected cells for recognition by HIV-specific CD8+ T-cells has not been determined. To address this, we developed an assay that utilizes HIV-specific CD8+ T-cell clones as biosensors for HIV antigen expression. By testing multiple CD8+ T-cell clones against a primary cell model of HIV latency, we identified several single agents that primed latently-infected cells for CD8+ T-cell recognition, including IL-2, IL-15, two IL-15 superagonists (IL-15SA and ALT-803), prostratin, and the TLR-2 ligand Pam3CSK4. In contrast, we did not observe CD8+ T-cell recognition of target cells following treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitors or with hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA). In further experiments we demonstrate that a clinically achievable concentration of the IL-15 superagonist 'ALT-803', an agent presently in clinical trials for solid and hematological tumors, primes the natural ex vivo reservoir for CD8+ T-cell recognition. Thus, our results establish a novel experimental approach for comparative evaluation of LRAs, and highlight ALT-803 as an LRA with the potential to synergize with CD8+ T-cells in HIV eradication strategies.

Software for Partly Automated Recognition of Targets

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Opitz, David; Blundell, Stuart; Bain, William; Morris, Matthew; Carlson, Ian; Mangrich, Mark

2003-01-01

The Feature Analyst is a computer program for assisted (partially automated) recognition of targets in images. This program was developed to accelerate the processing of high-resolution satellite image data for incorporation into geographic information systems (GIS). This program creates an advanced user interface that embeds proprietary machine-learning algorithms in commercial image-processing and GIS software. A human analyst provides samples of target features from multiple sets of data, then the software develops a data-fusion model that automatically extracts the remaining features from selected sets of data. The program thus leverages the natural ability of humans to recognize objects in complex scenes, without requiring the user to explain the human visual recognition process by means of lengthy software. Two major subprograms are the reactive agent and the thinking agent. The reactive agent strives to quickly learn the user s tendencies while the user is selecting targets and to increase the user s productivity by immediately suggesting the next set of pixels that the user may wish to select. The thinking agent utilizes all available resources, taking as much time as needed, to produce the most accurate autonomous feature-extraction model possible.

Spectral pattern recognition of controlled substances in street samples using artificial neural network system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Poryvkina, Larisa; Aleksejev, Valeri; Babichenko, Sergey M.; Ivkina, Tatjana

2011-04-01

The NarTest fluorescent technique is aimed at the detection of analyte of interest in street samples by recognition of its specific spectral patterns in 3-dimentional Spectral Fluorescent Signatures (SFS) measured with NTX2000 analyzer without chromatographic or other separation of controlled substances from a mixture with cutting agents. The illicit drugs have their own characteristic SFS features which can be used for detection and identification of narcotics, however typical street sample consists of a mixture with cutting agents: adulterants and diluents. Many of them interfere the spectral shape of SFS. The expert system based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) has been developed and applied for such pattern recognition in SFS of street samples of illicit drugs.

The Role of Graduate Employee Unions in Gender Equality (abstract)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Murphy, Nicholas A.; Freeland, Emily

2009-04-01

Graduate employee unions represent a significant fraction of graduate employees in the United States, Canada, and other nations. The collective bargaining process is a unique forum where issues ranging from paid parental leave, hostile work environment, and access to lactation rooms can be addressed on an even footing with the employing universities. Because employment is governed by a collective bargaining agreement, violations are subject to a grievance policy. The Teaching Assistants' Association at the University of Wisconsin-Madison is one of the oldest graduate employee unions in the world. We discuss this example union, including successes in both the collective bargaining process and the grievance procedure. In particular, we find that graduate employee unions are an effective means of fighting pregnancy discrimination. We also provide a comparison of parental leave policies for graduate students at various universities.

Between Hope and Hard Times: New York's Working Families in Economic Distress

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fischer, David J.; Colton, Tara; Kleiman, Neil S.; Schimke, Karen

2004-01-01

Today, many jobs that once could support a family barely suffice to keep that family out of poverty. The implied bargain America offers its citizens is supposed to be that anyone who works hard and plays by the rules can support his or her family and move onward and upward. But for millions of New Yorkers, that bargain is out of reach; the uphill…

The Impact of a Collegiate Course in Bargaining and Negotiation on Students' Perceptions of Their Own and Others' Attitudes and Behaviors: An Exploratory Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schafer, Stuart E.; Ammeter, Anthony P.; Hawley, Delvin D.; Garner, Bart L.

2011-01-01

This article presents a discussion of the importance of a course in bargaining and negotiation to university-level students in an accredited business school environment. In addition to discussing recommended content, pedagogy, and assessment methods, the results of a study that examines the impact of the course on students' perceptions of skills,…

Transforming from Traditional to Collaborative Collective Bargaining: A Case Study of Successful Contract Negotiations and Leadership Styles in Three Pennsylvania School Districts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dill, Robert W.

2017-01-01

Since 1970, with the passage of Act 195 of 1970, collective bargaining in Pennsylvania has been an integral process in public schools (PSBA Bulletin, 2010). The success or failure of that process extends beyond the contract's duration; it becomes engrained in the school's culture and is noticeable to those who work, study, and live within the…

Getting to No (Nuclear Weapons) with Iran: Will Coercive Diplomacy Work?

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-10

elucidates additional options to better address strategic ends, but with greater risk. Unless a grand bargain is attainable, the U.S. must likely accept...strategic ends, but likely with a substantial increase in risk. Unless an unspoken grand bargain is attainable, the U.S. must likely accept...adroit and vigilant application of counter- force at a series of constantly shifting geographical and political points, corresponding to the shifts

Rethinking the Buy vs. Lease Decision

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-07-01

Bargain Price Option. The lease contains an option to purchase the leased property at a bargain price. • Estimated Economic Life. The lease term is...new “purpose-built” (as opposed to commercially- acceptable) American-made ships. In 2002 the Air Force identified replacement of the aging fleet of...for replacement on an “unfunded priorities” list supplied to Congress the previous year. According to an Air Force report to Congress, net present

"EEOC v. Board of Governors of State Colleges and Universities": Collective Bargaining Agreements and Age Discrimination in Employment Act Claims: What Counts as Retaliation under ADEA Section 4(D)?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lyons, Edward C.

1993-01-01

Court litigation in which the claim (to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) that a faculty collective bargaining agreement violated the Age Discrimination in Employment Act is examined. Focus is on arbitration of wrongful termination cases. Conflicting judicial rationales applied in two cases are discussed, and a practical solution is…

Managing technology licensing for stochastic R&D: from the perspective of an enterprise information system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hong, Xianpei; Zhao, Dan; Wang, Zongjun

2016-10-01

Enterprise information technology (IT) plays an important role in technology innovation management for high-tech enterprises. However, to date most studies on enterprise technology innovation have assumed that the research and development (R&D) outcome is certain. This assumption does not always hold in practice. Motivated by the current practice of some IT industries, we establish a three-stage duopoly game model, including the R&D stage, the licensing stage and the output stage, to investigate the influence of bargaining power and technology spillover on the optimal licensing policy for the innovating enterprise when the outcome of R&D is uncertain. Our results demonstrate that (1) if the licensor has low (high) bargaining power, fixed-fee (royalty) licensing is always superior to royalty (fixed-fee) licensing to the licensor regardless of technology spillover; (2) if the licensor has moderate bargaining power and technology spillover is low (high) as well, fixed-fee (royalty) licensing is superior to royalty (fixed-fee) licensing; (3) under two-part tariff licensing and the assumption of licensors with full bargaining power, if a negative prepaid fixed fee is not allowed, two-part tariff licensing is equivalent to royalty licensing which is the optimal licensing policy; if negative prepaid fixed fee is allowed, the optimal policy is two-part tariff licensing.

Recycling Pricing and Coordination of WEEE Dual-Channel Closed-Loop Supply Chain Considering Consumers' Bargaining.

PubMed

Zhu, Xiaodong; Wang, Jing; Tang, Juan

2017-12-15

Environmentally friendly handling and efficient recycling of waste electrical on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) have grown to be a global social problem. As holders of WEEE, consumers have a significant effect on the recycling process. A consideration of and attention to the influence of consumer behavior in the recycling process can help achieve more effective recycling of WEEE. In this paper, we built a dual-channel closed-loop supply chain model composed of manufacturers, retailers, and network recycling platforms. Based on the influence of customer bargaining behavior, we studied several different scenarios of centralized decision-making, decentralized decision-making, and contract coordination, using the Stackelberg game theory. The results show that retailers and network recycling platforms will reduce the direct recovery prices to maintain their own profit when considering the impact of consumer bargaining behavior, while remanufacturers will improve the transfer payment price for surrendering part of the profit under revenue and the expense sharing contract. Using this contract, we can achieve supply chain coordination and eliminate the effect of consumer bargaining behavior on supply chain performance. It can be viewed from the parameter sensitivity analysis that when we select the appropriate sharing coefficient, the closed-loop supply chain can achieve the same system performance under a centralized decision.

Recycling Pricing and Coordination of WEEE Dual-Channel Closed-Loop Supply Chain Considering Consumers’ Bargaining

PubMed Central

Zhu, Xiaodong; Wang, Jing; Tang, Juan

2017-01-01

Environmentally friendly handling and efficient recycling of waste electrical on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) have grown to be a global social problem. As holders of WEEE, consumers have a significant effect on the recycling process. A consideration of and attention to the influence of consumer behavior in the recycling process can help achieve more effective recycling of WEEE. In this paper, we built a dual-channel closed-loop supply chain model composed of manufacturers, retailers, and network recycling platforms. Based on the influence of customer bargaining behavior, we studied several different scenarios of centralized decision-making, decentralized decision-making, and contract coordination, using the Stackelberg game theory. The results show that retailers and network recycling platforms will reduce the direct recovery prices to maintain their own profit when considering the impact of consumer bargaining behavior, while remanufacturers will improve the transfer payment price for surrendering part of the profit under revenue and the expense sharing contract. Using this contract, we can achieve supply chain coordination and eliminate the effect of consumer bargaining behavior on supply chain performance. It can be viewed from the parameter sensitivity analysis that when we select the appropriate sharing coefficient, the closed-loop supply chain can achieve the same system performance under a centralized decision. PMID:29244778

Monitoring caustic injuries from emergency department databases using automatic keyword recognition software.

PubMed

Vignally, P; Fondi, G; Taggi, F; Pitidis, A

2011-03-31

In Italy the European Union Injury Database reports the involvement of chemical products in 0.9% of home and leisure accidents. The Emergency Department registry on domestic accidents in Italy and the Poison Control Centres record that 90% of cases of exposure to toxic substances occur in the home. It is not rare for the effects of chemical agents to be observed in hospitals, with a high potential risk of damage - the rate of this cause of hospital admission is double the domestic injury average. The aim of this study was to monitor the effects of injuries caused by caustic agents in Italy using automatic free-text recognition in Emergency Department medical databases. We created a Stata software program to automatically identify caustic or corrosive injury cases using an agent-specific list of keywords. We focused attention on the procedure's sensitivity and specificity. Ten hospitals in six regions of Italy participated in the study. The program identified 112 cases of injury by caustic or corrosive agents. Checking the cases by quality controls (based on manual reading of ED reports), we assessed 99 cases as true positive, i.e. 88.4% of the patients were automatically recognized by the software as being affected by caustic substances (99% CI: 80.6%- 96.2%), that is to say 0.59% (99% CI: 0.45%-0.76%) of the whole sample of home injuries, a value almost three times as high as that expected (p < 0.0001) from European codified information. False positives were 11.6% of the recognized cases (99% CI: 5.1%- 21.5%). Our automatic procedure for caustic agent identification proved to have excellent product recognition capacity with an acceptable level of excess sensitivity. Contrary to our a priori hypothesis, the automatic recognition system provided a level of identification of agents possessing caustic effects that was significantly much greater than was predictable on the basis of the values from current codifications reported in the European Database.

Teacher-Board Relations in Connecticut: A Summary of the Law Regarding Scope of Negotiations, Good Faith Bargaining, and Unfair Labor Practices. Preliminary Draft.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zirkel, Perry A.

This document is a discussion draft intended to lead to the formulation of a set of guidelines by the state board of education concerning three areas of teacher negotiations: scope, good faith bargaining, and prohibited practices. It has been prepared in the form of an organized data base that focuses on summarizing the present state of the law…

Arms Control and National Security: Revealed through Two Case Studies

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-03-01

national security. Those in the service, while charged to carry out the orders of those appointed over them, possess a potential to influence national...the sixth point , of the stated six major national security goals of the present Administration. Not everyone would [ agree with such a placement...the other side concede some point at the bargaining table. 0 A defense bargain is a relative term relating to how much security or strength a

JPRS Report East Asia Southeast Asia

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-06-16

QUALITY INSPECTED 6 19980610 113 ~«*tSTKIBUT10N STi Approved for public release; Distribution Unlimited REPRODUCEDBY U.S. DEPARTMENTOF COMMERCE...place. Since strikes are legal during a dispute of interest, and new matter bargaining Is interest bargaining, sanctity of agreement will inevitably...relation to a matter that Is the subject of a dis- pute of interest, strikes are legal . • The union will have the right to create a dispute and strike

The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993--Wage and Hour Division, Department of Labor. Interim final rule; request for comments.

PubMed

1993-06-04

This document contains interim regulations implementing the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 called ("FMLA" or "the Act"). The Act is effective on August 5, 1993, six months from the date of its enactment. Where a collective bargaining agreement is in effect on August 5, 1993, the Act is effective when the collective bargaining agreement terminates or February 5, 1994, whichever is earlier. The purpose of these regulations is to set forth the requirements of Title I and Title IV of the Act. Title I applies to covered private employers and public agencies (except for most of the Federal Government, which is governed by Title II). Title IV of the Act primarily concerns the relationship between FMLA and other laws, as well as collective bargaining agreements and other employer plans and programs.

Negotiation of mutualism: rhizobia and legumes

PubMed Central

Akçay, Erol; Roughgarden, Joan

2006-01-01

The evolution and persistence of biological cooperation have been an important puzzle in evolutionary theory. Here, we suggest a new approach based on bargaining theory to tackle the question. We present a mechanistic model for negotiation of benefits between a nitrogen-fixing nodule and a legume plant. To that end, we first derive growth rates for the nodule and plant from metabolic models of each as a function of material fluxes between them. We use these growth rates as pay-off functions in the negotiation process, which is analogous to collective bargaining between a firm and a workers' union. Our model predicts that negotiations lead to the Nash bargaining solution, maximizing the product of players' pay-offs. This work introduces elements of cooperative game theory into the field of mutualistic interactions. In the discussion of the paper, we argue for the benefits of such an approach in studying the question of biological cooperation. PMID:17015340

Physician collective bargaining in a U.S. public hospital.

PubMed

Thompson, Stephen L; Salmon, J Warren

2003-01-01

In a study to investigate the factors that would drive attending physicians employed in a public hospital to seek collective bargaining with their employer, the authors developed an instrument to determine which variables and which hypotheses were predictive of union proneness. The findings reveal that a desire for voice was the number one reason for physicians' wanting to join a union. Union-prone physicians had a lower salary on average, were more dissatisfied with their income, were more likely to feel the effects of work "speed up" (too many patients and too little time), were less likely to have administrative functions (thus a larger patient care role), had a strong sense of entitlement to collective bargaining, believed that unions improve participation in decisions affecting their jobs (reinforcing their desire for voice), and had a sense that a union would improve their treatment by supervisors (reinforcing their desire for due process and equity).

Game theoretic approach for cooperative feature extraction in camera networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Redondi, Alessandro E. C.; Baroffio, Luca; Cesana, Matteo; Tagliasacchi, Marco

2016-07-01

Visual sensor networks (VSNs) consist of several camera nodes with wireless communication capabilities that can perform visual analysis tasks such as object identification, recognition, and tracking. Often, VSN deployments result in many camera nodes with overlapping fields of view. In the past, such redundancy has been exploited in two different ways: (1) to improve the accuracy/quality of the visual analysis task by exploiting multiview information or (2) to reduce the energy consumed for performing the visual task, by applying temporal scheduling techniques among the cameras. We propose a game theoretic framework based on the Nash bargaining solution to bridge the gap between the two aforementioned approaches. The key tenet of the proposed framework is for cameras to reduce the consumed energy in the analysis process by exploiting the redundancy in the reciprocal fields of view. Experimental results in both simulated and real-life scenarios confirm that the proposed scheme is able to increase the network lifetime, with a negligible loss in terms of visual analysis accuracy.

Ambient agents: embedded agents for remote control and monitoring using the PANGEA platform.

PubMed

Villarrubia, Gabriel; De Paz, Juan F; Bajo, Javier; Corchado, Juan M

2014-07-31

Ambient intelligence has advanced significantly during the last few years. The incorporation of image processing and artificial intelligence techniques have opened the possibility for such aspects as pattern recognition, thus allowing for a better adaptation of these systems. This study presents a new model of an embedded agent especially designed to be implemented in sensing devices with resource constraints. This new model of an agent is integrated within the PANGEA (Platform for the Automatic Construction of Organiztions of Intelligent Agents) platform, an organizational-based platform, defining a new sensor role in the system and aimed at providing contextual information and interacting with the environment. A case study was developed over the PANGEA platform and designed using different agents and sensors responsible for providing user support at home in the event of incidents or emergencies. The system presented in the case study incorporates agents in Arduino hardware devices with recognition modules and illuminated bands; it also incorporates IP cameras programmed for automatic tracking, which can connect remotely in the event of emergencies. The user wears a bracelet, which contains a simple vibration sensor that can receive notifications about the emergency situation.

Ambient Agents: Embedded Agents for Remote Control and Monitoring Using the PANGEA Platform

PubMed Central

Villarrubia, Gabriel; De Paz, Juan F.; Bajo, Javier; Corchado, Juan M.

2014-01-01

Ambient intelligence has advanced significantly during the last few years. The incorporation of image processing and artificial intelligence techniques have opened the possibility for such aspects as pattern recognition, thus allowing for a better adaptation of these systems. This study presents a new model of an embedded agent especially designed to be implemented in sensing devices with resource constraints. This new model of an agent is integrated within the PANGEA (Platform for the Automatic Construction of Organiztions of Intelligent Agents) platform, an organizational-based platform, defining a new sensor role in the system and aimed at providing contextual information and interacting with the environment. A case study was developed over the PANGEA platform and designed using different agents and sensors responsible for providing user support at home in the event of incidents or emergencies. The system presented in the case study incorporates agents in Arduino hardware devices with recognition modules and illuminated bands; it also incorporates IP cameras programmed for automatic tracking, which can connect remotely in the event of emergencies. The user wears a bracelet, which contains a simple vibration sensor that can receive notifications about the emergency situation. PMID:25090416

Your perspective and my benefit: multiple lesion models of self-other integration strategies during social bargaining.

PubMed

Melloni, Margherita; Billeke, Pablo; Baez, Sandra; Hesse, Eugenia; de la Fuente, Laura; Forno, Gonzalo; Birba, Agustina; García-Cordero, Indira; Serrano, Cecilia; Plastino, Angelo; Slachevsky, Andrea; Huepe, David; Sigman, Mariano; Manes, Facundo; García, Adolfo M; Sedeño, Lucas; Ibáñez, Agustín

2016-11-01

Recursive social decision-making requires the use of flexible, context-sensitive long-term strategies for negotiation. To succeed in social bargaining, participants' own perspectives must be dynamically integrated with those of interactors to maximize self-benefits and adapt to the other's preferences, respectively. This is a prerequisite to develop a successful long-term self-other integration strategy. While such form of strategic interaction is critical to social decision-making, little is known about its neurocognitive correlates. To bridge this gap, we analysed social bargaining behaviour in relation to its structural neural correlates, ongoing brain dynamics (oscillations and related source space), and functional connectivity signatures in healthy subjects and patients offering contrastive lesion models of neurodegeneration and focal stroke: behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and frontal lesions. All groups showed preserved basic bargaining indexes. However, impaired self-other integration strategy was found in patients with behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia and frontal lesions, suggesting that social bargaining critically depends on the integrity of prefrontal regions. Also, associations between behavioural performance and data from voxel-based morphometry and voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping revealed a critical role of prefrontal regions in value integration and strategic decisions for self-other integration strategy. Furthermore, as shown by measures of brain dynamics and related sources during the task, the self-other integration strategy was predicted by brain anticipatory activity (alpha/beta oscillations with sources in frontotemporal regions) associated with expectations about others' decisions. This pattern was reduced in all clinical groups, with greater impairments in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia and frontal lesions than Alzheimer's disease. Finally, connectivity analysis from functional magnetic resonance imaging evidenced a fronto-temporo-parietal network involved in successful self-other integration strategy, with selective compromise of long-distance connections in frontal disorders. In sum, this work provides unprecedented evidence of convergent behavioural and neurocognitive signatures of strategic social bargaining in different lesion models. Our findings offer new insights into the critical roles of prefrontal hubs and associated temporo-parietal networks for strategic social negotiation. © The Author (2016). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

The Road from LaPalma. Analysis of the Potential for a Negotiated Solution in El Salvador.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-09-01

CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (When Data gntered) UNCLASSIFIED SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF TNIS PAG hm "M. ft". and cultural bases of bargaining powers in El Salvador...potential gains and costs of continued conflict. This thesis is a study of the historical and cultural bases of bargaining powers in El Salvador, and...of government intervention. Several contending candidates, including two fellow officers, had been disqualified. Government influence over the media

How Do Health Insurer Market Concentration and Bargaining Power with Hospitals Affect Health Insurance Premiums?

PubMed Central

Trish, Erin E.; Herring, Bradley J.

2017-01-01

The US health insurance industry is highly concentrated, and health insurance premiums are high and rising rapidly. Policymakers have focused on the possible link between the two, leading to ACA provisions to increase insurer competition. However, while market power may enable insurers to include higher profit margins in their premiums, it may also result in stronger bargaining leverage with hospitals to negotiate lower payment rates to partially offset these higher premiums. We empirically examine the relationship between employer-sponsored fully-insured health insurance premiums and the level of concentration in local insurer and hospital markets using the nationally-representative 2006–2011 KFF/HRET Employer Health Benefits Survey. We exploit a unique feature of employer-sponsored insurance, in which self-insured employers purchase only administrative services from managed care organizations, to disentangle these different effects on insurer concentration by constructing one concentration measure representing fully-insured plans’ transactions with employers and the other concentration measure representing insurers’ bargaining with hospitals. As expected, we find that premiums are indeed higher for plans sold in markets with higher levels of concentration relevant to insurer transactions with employers, lower for plans in markets with higher levels of insurer concentration relevant to insurer bargaining with hospitals, and higher for plans in markets with higher levels of hospital market concentration. PMID:25910690

Breakthrough bargaining.

PubMed

Kolb, D M; Williams, J

2001-02-01

Unspoken, subtle parts of a bargaining process--also known as the shadow negotiation--can set the tone for a successful negotiation. Deborah Kolb and Judith Williams, whose book The Shadow Negotiation was the starting point for this article, say there are three strategies businesspeople can use to guide these hidden interactions. Power moves are used when two negotiating parties hold unequal power--for instance, subordinates and bosses; new and existing employees; and people of different races, ages, or genders. These strategies, such as casting the status quo in an unfavorable light, can help parties realize that they must negotiate: they will be better off if they do and worse off if they don't. Process moves affect how negotiation issues are received by both sides in the process, even though they do not address substantive issues. Working outside of the actual bargaining process, one party can suggest ideas or marshal support that can shape the agenda and influence how others view the negotiation. Appreciative moves alter the tone or atmosphere so that a more collaborative exchange is possible. They shift the dynamics of the shadow negotiation away from the adversarial--helping parties to save face--and thus build trust and encourage dialogue. These strategic moves don't guarantee that all bargainers will walk away winners, but they help to get stalled negotiations moving--out of the dark of unspoken power plays and into the light of true dialogue.

"He will ask why the child gets sick so often": the gendered dynamics of intra-household bargaining over healthcare for children with fever in the Volta Region of Ghana.

PubMed

Tolhurst, Rachel; Amekudzi, Yaa Peprah; Nyonator, Frank K; Bertel Squire, S; Theobald, Sally

2008-03-01

This paper explores the gendered dynamics of intra-household bargaining around treatment seeking for children with fever revealed through two qualitative research studies in the Volta Region of Ghana, and discusses the influence of different gender and health discourses on the likely policy implications drawn from such findings. Methods used included focus group discussions, in-depth and critical incidence interviews, and Participatory Learning and Action methods. We found that treatment seeking behaviour for children was influenced by norms of decision-making power and 'ownership' of children, access to and control over resources to pay for treatment, norms of responsibility for payment, marital status, household living arrangements, and the quality of relationships between mothers, fathers and elders. However, the implications of these findings may be interpreted from different perspectives. Most studies that have considered gender in relation to malaria have done so within a narrow biomedical approach to health that focuses only on the outcomes of gender relations in terms of the (non-)utilisation of allopathic healthcare. However, we argue that a 'gender transformatory' approach, which aims to promote women's empowerment, needs to include but go beyond this model, to consider broader potential outcomes of intra-household bargaining for women's and men's interests, including their livelihoods and 'bargaining positions'.

How do health insurer market concentration and bargaining power with hospitals affect health insurance premiums?

PubMed

Trish, Erin E; Herring, Bradley J

2015-07-01

The US health insurance industry is highly concentrated, and health insurance premiums are high and rising rapidly. Policymakers have focused on the possible link between the two, leading to ACA provisions to increase insurer competition. However, while market power may enable insurers to include higher profit margins in their premiums, it may also result in stronger bargaining leverage with hospitals to negotiate lower payment rates to partially offset these higher premiums. We empirically examine the relationship between employer-sponsored fully-insured health insurance premiums and the level of concentration in local insurer and hospital markets using the nationally-representative 2006-2011 KFF/HRET Employer Health Benefits Survey. We exploit a unique feature of employer-sponsored insurance, in which self-insured employers purchase only administrative services from managed care organizations, to disentangle these different effects on insurer concentration by constructing one concentration measure representing fully-insured plans' transactions with employers and the other concentration measure representing insurers' bargaining with hospitals. As expected, we find that premiums are indeed higher for plans sold in markets with higher levels of concentration relevant to insurer transactions with employers, lower for plans in markets with higher levels of insurer concentration relevant to insurer bargaining with hospitals, and higher for plans in markets with higher levels of hospital market concentration. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Developing a stochastic conflict resolution model for urban runoff quality management: Application of info-gap and bargaining theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ghodsi, Seyed Hamed; Kerachian, Reza; Estalaki, Siamak Malakpour; Nikoo, Mohammad Reza; Zahmatkesh, Zahra

2016-02-01

In this paper, two deterministic and stochastic multilateral, multi-issue, non-cooperative bargaining methodologies are proposed for urban runoff quality management. In the proposed methodologies, a calibrated Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) is used to simulate stormwater runoff quantity and quality for different urban stormwater runoff management scenarios, which have been defined considering several Low Impact Development (LID) techniques. In the deterministic methodology, the best management scenario, representing location and area of LID controls, is identified using the bargaining model. In the stochastic methodology, uncertainties of some key parameters of SWMM are analyzed using the info-gap theory. For each water quality management scenario, robustness and opportuneness criteria are determined based on utility functions of different stakeholders. Then, to find the best solution, the bargaining model is performed considering a combination of robustness and opportuneness criteria for each scenario based on utility function of each stakeholder. The results of applying the proposed methodology in the Velenjak urban watershed located in the northeastern part of Tehran, the capital city of Iran, illustrate its practical utility for conflict resolution in urban water quantity and quality management. It is shown that the solution obtained using the deterministic model cannot outperform the result of the stochastic model considering the robustness and opportuneness criteria. Therefore, it can be concluded that the stochastic model, which incorporates the main uncertainties, could provide more reliable results.

Thin-Membrane Sensor With Biochemical Switch

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Case, George D.; Worley, Jennings F.

1992-01-01

Modular sensor electrochemically detects chemical or biological agent, indicating presence of agent via gate-membrane-crossing ion current triggered by chemical reaction between agent and recognition protein conjugated to channel blocker. Used in such laboratory, industrial, or field applications as detection of bacterial toxins in food, military chemical agents in air, and pesticides or other contaminants in environment. Also used in biological screening for hepatitis, acquired immune-deficiency syndrome, and like.

Collective Bargaining and Accountability in Higher Education: A Report Card. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions (27th, New York, NY, April 19-20, 1999).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Naples, Caesar J., Ed.

Following an introduction, listing of the program for the Twenty-Seventh Annual Conference, and description of the Center, this conference proceedings contains the following papers: (1) "Some Thoughts and Facts on CUNY, Public Higher Education in New York State, and Accountability" (Augusta Souza Kappner); (2) "Academic Politics and Academic…

Iran’s Post-9/11 Grand Bargain: Missed Opportunity for Strategic Rapprochement Between Iran and the United States

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-05-23

relations , since the 1953 CIA orchestrated coup of Mohammad Mossadeq, is one of mutual distrust and policy error. Although successive American presidents...since 1979 have tried to improve relations , each effort failed because both sides refused to adjust the context through which they viewed the other...became less productive in early 2003, Iran proposed a grand bargain to settle differences and resume diplomatic relations . But President Bush chose to end

ARO in Review 2010

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

develop a fundamental understanding of the key recognition elements in various nerve agents , pesticides , and simulants. Using this knowledge, these groups...SCIENCES DIVISION 29 ARO IN REVIEW 2010 1. Low-power Nerve Agent Detector. Three Phase I CBD-SBIR contracts were awarded to Identizyme Defense...Technologies, Inc., Luna Innovations, Inc., and Lynntech, Inc. to develop a nerve agent detection system that requires little to no operating power

Desire to bargain and negotiation success: lessons about the need to negotiate from six hydropower disputes

USGS Publications Warehouse

Burkardt, Nina; Lamb, Berton Lee; Taylor, Jonathan G.

1998-01-01

We investigated the notion that successful negotiations require that all parties to the dispute must have a desire to bargain. This desire is most likely to be present when the dispute exhibits ripeness and each party believes a bargained solution is the most cost-effective way to resolve differences. Structured interviews of participants in six Federal Energy Regulatory Commission hydropower licensing consultations were conducted to determine the level of need to negotiate for each party. The findings indicate that a need to negotiate is a necessary, but not sufficient, condition for success. Several factors were associated with a need to negotiate: a weak BATNA (best alternative to a negotiated agreement); a salient issue; participants’ sense of efficacy; a sense of inevitability; professional roles encouraging negotiation; and disputes about facts as opposed to disputes about values. Participants’ need to negotiate fluctuated throughout the process and intensified when questions were ripe: i.e., critical issues were debated or the regulatory process required action.

Moral Bargain Hunters Purchase Moral Righteousness When it is Cheap: Within-Individual Effect of Stake Size in Economic Games.

PubMed

Yamagishi, Toshio; Li, Yang; Matsumoto, Yoshie; Kiyonari, Toko

2016-06-14

Despite the repeatedly raised criticism that findings in economic games are specific to situations involving trivial incentives, most studies that have examined the stake-size effect have failed to find a strong effect. Using three prisoner's dilemma experiments, involving 479 non-student residents of suburban Tokyo and 162 students, we show here that stake size strongly affects a player's cooperation choices in prisoner's dilemma games when stake size is manipulated within each individual such that each player faces different stake sizes. Participants cooperated at a higher rate when stakes were lower than when they were higher, regardless of the absolute stake size. These findings suggest that participants were 'moral bargain hunters' who purchased moral righteousness at a low price when they were provided with a 'price list' of prosocial behaviours. In addition, the moral bargain hunters who cooperated at a lower stake but not at a higher stake did not cooperate in a single-stake one-shot game.

On the Design of Smart Homes: A Framework for Activity Recognition in Home Environment.

PubMed

Cicirelli, Franco; Fortino, Giancarlo; Giordano, Andrea; Guerrieri, Antonio; Spezzano, Giandomenico; Vinci, Andrea

2016-09-01

A smart home is a home environment enriched with sensing, actuation, communication and computation capabilities which permits to adapt it to inhabitants preferences and requirements. Establishing a proper strategy of actuation on the home environment can require complex computational tasks on the sensed data. This is the case of activity recognition, which consists in retrieving high-level knowledge about what occurs in the home environment and about the behaviour of the inhabitants. The inherent complexity of this application domain asks for tools able to properly support the design and implementation phases. This paper proposes a framework for the design and implementation of smart home applications focused on activity recognition in home environments. The framework mainly relies on the Cloud-assisted Agent-based Smart home Environment (CASE) architecture offering basic abstraction entities which easily allow to design and implement Smart Home applications. CASE is a three layered architecture which exploits the distributed multi-agent paradigm and the cloud technology for offering analytics services. Details about how to implement activity recognition onto the CASE architecture are supplied focusing on the low-level technological issues as well as the algorithms and the methodologies useful for the activity recognition. The effectiveness of the framework is shown through a case study consisting of a daily activity recognition of a person in a home environment.

Balancing work and family in the low-wage service sector: the role of legislated and collectively-bargained norms in Quebec.

PubMed

Bernstein, Stéphanie

2011-01-01

This paper looks at the role of legislated norms of general application in shaping "family-friendly" workplaces and their interaction with collectively-bargained standards in the retail service sector and more specifically, in a single unionized retail sector in Quebec, Canada. The methodology used is traditional legal research methodology: analysis of laws, collective agreements and case law. The principal norms examined concern parental and family leave, working time and disparities between different employment statuses. A series of legislative provisions have been adopted in Quebec over the last 30 years whose objectives are the improvement of family-related leave and the reduction of working time. Unions have also negotiated provisions in collective agreements with these same goals. In the low-wage retail sector studied, the working time standards negotiated between the unions and the employers reflect the characteristics of the sector, most notably extended opening hours, seven days a week. Predictability of hours also varies according to employment status. Such issues as family-unfriendly working time arrangements (last-minute scheduling, asocial hours, etc.) and the need for flexibility in family-related leave are insufficiently taken into account by the legislated and bargained provisions. A fine analysis and comprehension of existing formal regulation, be it legislated or collectively-bargained, is required to fully understand workers' experiences with work-family balance and to identify the gaps between formal norms and the needs expressed by workers with respect to work-family balance.

Chemical and Biological Terrorism: Current Updates for Nurse Educators.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Veenema, Tener Goodwin

2002-01-01

Describes eight topics related to chemical/biological terrorism for a standalone nursing course or integration into other courses: surveillance systems; identification, communication, and response; chemical agents; biological agents; recognition of covert exposure; patient decontamination and mass triage; availability and safety of therapies; and…

Behavioral Modeling Based on Probabilistic Finite Automata: An Empirical Study.

PubMed

Tîrnăucă, Cristina; Montaña, José L; Ontañón, Santiago; González, Avelino J; Pardo, Luis M

2016-06-24

Imagine an agent that performs tasks according to different strategies. The goal of Behavioral Recognition (BR) is to identify which of the available strategies is the one being used by the agent, by simply observing the agent's actions and the environmental conditions during a certain period of time. The goal of Behavioral Cloning (BC) is more ambitious. In this last case, the learner must be able to build a model of the behavior of the agent. In both settings, the only assumption is that the learner has access to a training set that contains instances of observed behavioral traces for each available strategy. This paper studies a machine learning approach based on Probabilistic Finite Automata (PFAs), capable of achieving both the recognition and cloning tasks. We evaluate the performance of PFAs in the context of a simulated learning environment (in this case, a virtual Roomba vacuum cleaner robot), and compare it with a collection of other machine learning approaches.

Improving Automated Lexical and Discourse Analysis of Online Chat Dialog

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-09-01

include spelling- and grammar-checking on our word processing software; voice-recognition in our automobiles; and telephone-based conversational agents ...conversational agents can help customers make purchases on-line [3]. In addition, discourse analyzers can automatically separate multiple, interleaved...telephone-based conversational agent needs to know if it was asked a question or tasked to do something. Indeed, Stolcke et al demonstrated that

Auctions vs negotiations: a study of price differentials.

PubMed

Kjerstad, Egil

2005-12-01

Recent contributions in auction and bargaining theory suggest that a procurer should place more faith in the power of competition among alternative suppliers than in his or her own negotiating skill. Based on data from 216 contracts between procurers and suppliers of medical and surgical articles, we test whether auctions and bargaining result in significantly different prices. The main results are that auctions give 'thicker' markets compared with negotiations, as expected, but that auctions do not result in significantly lower prices compared with negotiations. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Scenario-Based Spoken Interaction with Virtual Agents

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morton, Hazel; Jack, Mervyn A.

2005-01-01

This paper describes a CALL approach which integrates software for speaker independent continuous speech recognition with embodied virtual agents and virtual worlds to create an immersive environment in which learners can converse in the target language in contextualised scenarios. The result is a self-access learning package: SPELL (Spoken…

Agreement between Curry College and Curry College AAUP, 1987-90.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Curry Coll., Milton, MA.

This contract between Curry College and the Curry College chapter of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) covering the period 1987-1990, consists of the following articles: recognition of agent; definitions; academic freedom; no discrimination; exchange of information; agent's rights; agency shop; payroll deduction; health and…

Destabilization of the MutSα's protein-protein interface due to binding to the DNA adduct induced by anticancer agent carboplatin via molecular dynamics simulations.

PubMed

Negureanu, Lacramioara; Salsbury, Freddie R

2013-11-01

DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proteins maintain genetic integrity in all organisms by recognizing and repairing DNA errors. Such alteration of hereditary information can lead to various diseases, including cancer. Besides their role in DNA repair, MMR proteins detect and initiate cellular responses to certain type of DNA damage. Its response to the damaged DNA has made the human MMR pathway a useful target for anticancer agents such as carboplatin. This study indicates that strong, specific interactions at the interface of MutSα in response to the mismatched DNA recognition are replaced by weak, non-specific interactions in response to the damaged DNA recognition. Data suggest a severe impairment of the dimerization of MutSα in response to the damaged DNA recognition. While the core of MutSα is preserved in response to the damaged DNA recognition, the loss of contact surface and the rearrangement of contacts at the protein interface suggest a different packing in response to the damaged DNA recognition. Coupled in response to the mismatched DNA recognition, interaction energies, hydrogen bonds, salt bridges, and solvent accessible surface areas at the interface of MutSα and within the subunits are uncoupled or asynchronously coupled in response to the damaged DNA recognition. These pieces of evidence suggest that the loss of a synchronous mode of response in the MutSα's surveillance for DNA errors would possibly be one of the mechanism(s) of signaling the MMR-dependent programed cell death much wanted in anticancer therapies. The analysis was drawn from dynamics simulations.

The Development of Mirror Self-Recognition in Different Sociocultural Contexts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kartner, Joscha; Keller, Heidi; Chaudhary, Nandita; Yovsi, Relindis D.

2012-01-01

The overarching goal of the present study was to trace the development of mirror self-recognition (MSR), as an index of toddlers' sense of themselves and others as autonomous intentional agents, in different sociocultural environments. A total of 276 toddlers participated in the present study. Toddlers were either 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, or 21 months…

Unsupervised learning in persistent sensing for target recognition by wireless ad hoc networks of ground-based sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hortos, William S.

2008-04-01

In previous work by the author, effective persistent and pervasive sensing for recognition and tracking of battlefield targets were seen to be achieved, using intelligent algorithms implemented by distributed mobile agents over a composite system of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for persistence and a wireless network of unattended ground sensors for pervasive coverage of the mission environment. While simulated performance results for the supervised algorithms of the composite system are shown to provide satisfactory target recognition over relatively brief periods of system operation, this performance can degrade by as much as 50% as target dynamics in the environment evolve beyond the period of system operation in which the training data are representative. To overcome this limitation, this paper applies the distributed approach using mobile agents to the network of ground-based wireless sensors alone, without the UAV subsystem, to provide persistent as well as pervasive sensing for target recognition and tracking. The supervised algorithms used in the earlier work are supplanted by unsupervised routines, including competitive-learning neural networks (CLNNs) and new versions of support vector machines (SVMs) for characterization of an unknown target environment. To capture the same physical phenomena from battlefield targets as the composite system, the suite of ground-based sensors can be expanded to include imaging and video capabilities. The spatial density of deployed sensor nodes is increased to allow more precise ground-based location and tracking of detected targets by active nodes. The "swarm" mobile agents enabling WSN intelligence are organized in a three processing stages: detection, recognition and sustained tracking of ground targets. Features formed from the compressed sensor data are down-selected according to an information-theoretic algorithm that reduces redundancy within the feature set, reducing the dimension of samples used in the target recognition and tracking routines. Target tracking is based on simplified versions of Kalman filtration. Accuracy of recognition and tracking of implemented versions of the proposed suite of unsupervised algorithms is somewhat degraded from the ideal. Target recognition and tracking by supervised routines and by unsupervised SVM and CLNN routines in the ground-based WSN is evaluated in simulations using published system values and sensor data from vehicular targets in ground-surveillance scenarios. Results are compared with previously published performance for the system of the ground-based sensor network (GSN) and UAV swarm.

Multi-technique quantitative analysis and socioeconomic considerations of lead, cadmium, and arsenic in children's toys and toy jewelry.

PubMed

Hillyer, Margot M; Finch, Lauren E; Cerel, Alisha S; Dattelbaum, Jonathan D; Leopold, Michael C

2014-08-01

A wide spectrum and large number of children's toys and toy jewelry items were purchased from both bargain and retail vendors and analyzed for arsenic, cadmium, and lead metal content using multiple analytical techniques, including flame and furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy as well as X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Particularly dangerous for young children, metal concentrations in toys/toy jewelry were assessed for compliance with current Consumer Safety Product Commission (CPSC) regulations (F963-11). A conservative metric involving multiple analytical techniques was used to categorize compliance: one technique confirmation of metal in excess of CPSC limits indicated a "suspect" item while confirmation on two different techniques warranted a non-compliant designation. Sample matrix-based standard addition provided additional confirmation of non-compliant and suspect products. Results suggest that origin of purchase, rather than cost, is a significant factor in the risk assessment of these materials with 57% of toys/toy jewelry items from bargain stores non-compliant or suspect compared to only 15% from retail outlets and 13% if only low cost items from the retail stores are compared. While jewelry was found to be the most problematic product (73% of non-compliant/suspect samples), lead (45%) and arsenic (76%) were the most dominant toxins found in non-compliant/suspect samples. Using the greater Richmond area as a model, the discrepancy between bargain and retail children's products, along with growing numbers of bargain stores in low-income and urban areas, exemplifies an emerging socioeconomic public health issue. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Cooperative Emissions Trading Game: International Permit Market Dominated by Buyers.

PubMed

Honjo, Keita

2015-01-01

Rapid reduction of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions is required to mitigate disastrous impacts of climate change. The Kyoto Protocol introduced international emissions trading (IET) to accelerate the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The IET controls CO2 emissions through the allocation of marketable emission permits to sovereign countries. The costs for acquiring additional permits provide buyers with an incentive to reduce their CO2 emissions. However, permit price has declined to a low level during the first commitment period (CP1). The downward trend in permit price is attributed to deficiencies of the Kyoto Protocol: weak compliance enforcement, the generous allocation of permits to transition economies (hot air), and the withdrawal of the US. These deficiencies created a buyer's market dominated by price-making buyers. In this paper, I develop a coalitional game of the IET, and demonstrate that permit buyers have dominant bargaining power. In my model, called cooperative emissions trading (CET) game, a buyer purchases permits from sellers only if the buyer forms a coalition with the sellers. Permit price is determined by bargaining among the coalition members. I evaluated the demand-side and supply-side bargaining power (DBP and SBP) using Shapley value, and obtained the following results: (1) Permit price is given by the product of the buyer's willingness-to-pay and the SBP (= 1 - DBP). (2) The DBP is greater than or equal to the SBP. These results indicate that buyers can suppress permit price to low levels through bargaining. The deficiencies of the Kyoto Protocol enhance the DBP, and contribute to the demand-side dominance in the international permit market.

The dying child and surviving family members.

PubMed

Shrier, D K

1980-12-01

This overview of death and dying focuses on the dying child and surviving family members. Children's concepts of death at different developmental stages are reviewed. These range from an inability to distinguish death from other forms of separation prior to age 3, through partial concepts of death until, by age 10 to 15 years, children are able to conceptualize death as universal, inevitable and final. The importance of adults assisting in the child's growing comprehension of death is stressed. The stages of grief and mourning, as outlined by Kubler-Ross, are reviewed from the perspective of the child and family: denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance. Recognition is given to the variations in coping styles among different family members. The special circumstances related to the death of an infant and the impact of the death of a child on the surviving siblings are discussed. Specific helpful interventions to assist families in coping with mourning are described. The death of a child remains one of the most painful and difficult events for a family and its physician to accept.

Comparing administered and market-based water allocation systems through a consistent agent-based modeling framework.

PubMed

Zhao, Jianshi; Cai, Ximing; Wang, Zhongjing

2013-07-15

Water allocation can be undertaken through administered systems (AS), market-based systems (MS), or a combination of the two. The debate on the performance of the two systems has lasted for decades but still calls for attention in both research and practice. This paper compares water users' behavior under AS and MS through a consistent agent-based modeling framework for water allocation analysis that incorporates variables particular to both MS (e.g., water trade and trading prices) and AS (water use violations and penalties/subsidies). Analogous to the economic theory of water markets under MS, the theory of rational violation justifies the exchange of entitled water under AS through the use of cross-subsidies. Under water stress conditions, a unique water allocation equilibrium can be achieved by following a simple bargaining rule that does not depend upon initial market prices under MS, or initial economic incentives under AS. The modeling analysis shows that the behavior of water users (agents) depends on transaction, or administrative, costs, as well as their autonomy. Reducing transaction costs under MS or administrative costs under AS will mitigate the effect that equity constraints (originating with primary water allocation) have on the system's total net economic benefits. Moreover, hydrologic uncertainty is shown to increase market prices under MS and penalties/subsidies under AS and, in most cases, also increases transaction, or administrative, costs. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Moral Bargain Hunters Purchase Moral Righteousness When it is Cheap: Within-Individual Effect of Stake Size in Economic Games

PubMed Central

Yamagishi, Toshio; Li, Yang; Matsumoto, Yoshie; Kiyonari, Toko

2016-01-01

Despite the repeatedly raised criticism that findings in economic games are specific to situations involving trivial incentives, most studies that have examined the stake-size effect have failed to find a strong effect. Using three prisoner’s dilemma experiments, involving 479 non-student residents of suburban Tokyo and 162 students, we show here that stake size strongly affects a player’s cooperation choices in prisoner’s dilemma games when stake size is manipulated within each individual such that each player faces different stake sizes. Participants cooperated at a higher rate when stakes were lower than when they were higher, regardless of the absolute stake size. These findings suggest that participants were ‘moral bargain hunters’ who purchased moral righteousness at a low price when they were provided with a ‘price list’ of prosocial behaviours. In addition, the moral bargain hunters who cooperated at a lower stake but not at a higher stake did not cooperate in a single-stake one-shot game. PMID:27296466

Desire to bargain and negotiation success: Lessons about the need to negotiate from six hydropower disputes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Burkardt, N.; Lamb, B.L.; Taylor, J.G.

The authors investigated the notion that successful licensing negotiations require that all parties to the dispute must have a desire to bargain. This desire is most likely to be present when the dispute exhibits ripeness and each party believes a bargained solution is the most cost-effective way to resolve differences. Structured interviews of participants in six Federal Energy Regulatory Commission hydropower licensing consultations were conducted to determine the level of need to negotiate for each party. The findings indicate that a need to negotiate is a necessary, but not sufficient, condition for success. Several factors were associated with a needmore » to negotiate: a weak BATNA (best alternative to a negotiated agreement); a salient issue; participants` sense of efficacy; a sense of inevitability; professional roles encouraging negotiation; and disputes about facts as opposed to disputes about values. Participants` need to negotiate fluctuated throughout the process and intensified when questions were ripe: i.e., critical issues were debated or the regulatory process required action.« less

Negotiating gender roles: gender differences in assertive negotiating are mediated by women's fear of backlash and attenuated when negotiating on behalf of others.

PubMed

Amanatullah, Emily T; Morris, Michael W

2010-02-01

The authors propose that gender differences in negotiations reflect women's contextually contingent impression management strategies. They argue that the same behavior, bargaining assertively, is construed as congruent with female gender roles in some contexts yet incongruent in other contexts. Further, women take this contextual variation into account, adjusting their bargaining behavior to manage social impressions. A particularly important contextual variable is advocacy-whether bargaining on one's own behalf versus on another's behalf. In self-advocacy contexts, women anticipate that assertiveness will evoke incongruity evaluations, negative attributions, and subsequent "backlash"; hence, women hedge their assertiveness, using fewer competing tactics and obtaining lower outcomes. However, in other-advocacy contexts, women achieve better outcomes as they do not expect incongruity evaluations or engage in hedging. In a controlled laboratory experiment, the authors found that gender interacts with advocacy context in this way to determine negotiation style and outcomes. Additionally, process measures of anticipated attributions and backlash statistically mediated this interaction effect. Copyright 2009 APA, all rights reserved

37 CFR 11.5 - Register of attorneys and agents in patent matters; practice before the Office.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... agents in patent matters; practice before the Office. 11.5 Section 11.5 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE REPRESENTATION OF OTHERS BEFORE THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE Recognition To Practice Before the USPTO Patents...

37 CFR 11.5 - Register of attorneys and agents in patent matters; practice before the Office.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... agents in patent matters; practice before the Office. 11.5 Section 11.5 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE REPRESENTATION OF OTHERS BEFORE THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE Recognition To Practice Before the USPTO Patents...

37 CFR 11.5 - Register of attorneys and agents in patent matters; practice before the Office.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... agents in patent matters; practice before the Office. 11.5 Section 11.5 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE REPRESENTATION OF OTHERS BEFORE THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE Recognition To Practice Before the USPTO Patents...

7 CFR 205.501 - General requirements for accreditation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... exemption or, in the case of a foreign certifying agent, a comparable recognition of not-for-profit status... establish a seal, logo, or other identifying mark to be used by production and handling operations certified... certifying agent: (1) Does not require use of its seal, logo, or other identifying mark on any product sold...

7 CFR 205.501 - General requirements for accreditation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... exemption or, in the case of a foreign certifying agent, a comparable recognition of not-for-profit status... establish a seal, logo, or other identifying mark to be used by production and handling operations certified... certifying agent: (1) Does not require use of its seal, logo, or other identifying mark on any product sold...

7 CFR 205.501 - General requirements for accreditation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... exemption or, in the case of a foreign certifying agent, a comparable recognition of not-for-profit status... establish a seal, logo, or other identifying mark to be used by production and handling operations certified... certifying agent: (1) Does not require use of its seal, logo, or other identifying mark on any product sold...

7 CFR 205.501 - General requirements for accreditation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... exemption or, in the case of a foreign certifying agent, a comparable recognition of not-for-profit status... establish a seal, logo, or other identifying mark to be used by production and handling operations certified... certifying agent: (1) Does not require use of its seal, logo, or other identifying mark on any product sold...

7 CFR 205.501 - General requirements for accreditation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... exemption or, in the case of a foreign certifying agent, a comparable recognition of not-for-profit status... establish a seal, logo, or other identifying mark to be used by production and handling operations certified... certifying agent: (1) Does not require use of its seal, logo, or other identifying mark on any product sold...

Competition or coordination in hospital markets with unionised labour.

PubMed

Brekke, Kurt R

2004-03-01

This paper study labour market responses to hospital mergers. The market consists of two hospitals providing horizontally and vertically differentiated services. Hospitals compete either in price and quality or just in quality (non-price competition). To provide medical care, hospitals employ health care workers (e.g., physicians, nurses). The workers collectively bargain wages either at a central level, firm level or plant level. Anticipating wage responses, hospitals decide whether or not to merge. The main finding is that the bargaining structure, the nature of competition and the patient copayment rate have a crucial impact on the profitability of hospital mergers.

Destabilization of the MutSα’s protein-protein interface due to binding to the DNA adduct induced by anticancer agent Carboplatin via molecular dynamics simulations

PubMed Central

Negureanu, Lacramioara; Salsbury, Freddie R

2013-01-01

DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proteins maintain genetic integrity in all organisms by recognizing and repairing DNA errors. Such alteration of hereditary information can lead to various diseases, including cancer. Besides their role in DNA repair, MMR proteins detect and initiate cellular responses to certain type of DNA damage. Its response to the damaged DNA has made the human MMR pathway a useful target for anticancer agents such as carboplatin. This study indicates that strong, specific interactions at the interface of MutSα in response to the mismatched DNA recognition are replaced by weak, non-specific interactions in response to the damaged DNA recognition. Data suggest a severe impairment of the dimerization of MutSα in response to the damaged DNA recognition. While the core of MutSα is preserved in response to the damaged DNA recognition, the loss of contact surface and the rearrangement of contacts at the protein interface suggest a different packing in response to the damaged DNA recognition. Coupled in response to the mismatched DNA recognition, interaction energies, hydrogen bonds, salt bridges, and solvent accessible surface areas at the interface of MutSα and within the subunits are uncoupled or asynchronously coupled in response to the damaged DNA recognition. These pieces of evidence suggest that the loss of a synchronous mode of response in the MutSα’s surveillance for DNA errors would possible be one of the mechanism(s) of signaling the MMR-dependent programed cell death much wanted in anticancer therapies. The analysis was drawn from dynamics simulations. PMID:24061854

Quantitative Expression and Immunogenicity of MAGE-3 and -6 in Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancer

PubMed Central

Andrade Filho, Pedro A.; López-Albaitero, Andrés; Xi, Liqiang; Gooding, William; Godfrey, Tony; Ferris, Robert L.

2009-01-01

The MAGE antigens are frequently expressed cancer vaccine targets. However, quantitative analysis of MAGE expression in upper aero-digestive tract (UADT) tumor cells and its association with T cell recognition has not been performed, hindering the selection of appropriate candidates for MAGE specific immunotherapy. Using quantitative RT-PCR (QRT-PCR), we evaluated the expression of MAGE-3/6 in 65 UADT cancers, 48 normal samples from tumor matched sites and 7 HLA-A*0201+squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) cell lines. Expression results were confirmed using western blot. HLA-A*0201:MAGE-3(271–279) specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (MAGE-CTL) from SCCHN patients and healthy donors showed that MAGE-3/6 expression was highly associated with CTL recognition in vitro. Based on MAGE-3/6 expression we could identify 31 (47%) of the 65 UADT tumors which appeared to express MAGE-3/6 at levels that correlated with efficient CTL recognition. To confirm that the level of MAGE-3 expression was responsible for CTL recognition, two MAGE-3/6 mRNAhigh SCCHN cell lines, PCI-13 and PCI-30, were subjected to MAGE-3/6 specific knockdown. RNAi–transfected cells showed that MAGE expression, and MAGE-CTL recognition, were significantly reduced. Furthermore, treatment of cells expressing low MAGE-3/6 mRNA with a demethylating agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC), increased the expression of MAGE-3/6 and CTL recognition. Thus, using QRT-PCR UADT cancers frequently express MAGE-3/6 at levels sufficient for CTL recognition, supporting the use of a QRT-PCR based assay for the selection of candidates likely to respond to MAGE-3/6 immunotherapy. Demethylating agents could increase the number of patients amenable for targeting epigenetically modified tumor antigens in vaccine trials. PMID:19610063

Quantitative expression and immunogenicity of MAGE-3 and -6 in upper aerodigestive tract cancer.

PubMed

Filho, Pedro A Andrade; López-Albaitero, Andrés; Xi, Liqiang; Gooding, William; Godfrey, Tony; Ferris, Robert L

2009-10-15

The MAGE antigens are frequently expressed cancer vaccine targets. However, quantitative analysis of MAGE expression in upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) tumor cells and its association with T-cell recognition has not been performed, hindering the selection of appropriate candidates for MAGE-specific immunotherapy. Using quantitative RT-PCR (QRT-PCR), we evaluated the expression of MAGE-3/6 in 65 UADT cancers, 48 normal samples from tumor matched sites and 7 HLA-A*0201+ squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) cell lines. Expression results were confirmed using Western blot. HLA-A*0201:MAGE-3- (271-279) specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (MAGE-CTL) from SCCHN patients and healthy donors showed that MAGE-3/6 expression was highly associated with CTL recognition in vitro. On the basis of the MAGE-3/6 expression, we could identify 31 (47%) of the 65 UADT tumors, which appeared to express MAGE-3/6 at levels that correlated with efficient CTL recognition. To confirm that the level of MAGE-3 expression was responsible for CTL recognition, 2 MAGE-3/6 mRNA(high) SCCHN cell lines, PCI-13 and PCI-30, were subjected to MAGE-3/6-specific knockdown. RNAi-transfected cells showed that MAGE expression and MAGE-CTL recognition were significantly reduced. Furthermore, treatment of cells expressing low MAGE-3/6 mRNA with a demethylating agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC), increased the expression of MAGE-3/6 and CTL recognition. Thus, using QRT-PCR UADT cancers frequently express MAGE-3/6 at levels sufficient for CTL recognition, supporting the use of a QRT-PCR-based assay for the selection of candidates likely to respond to MAGE-3/6 immunotherapy. Demethylating agents could increase the number of patients amenable for targeting epigenetically modified tumor antigens in vaccine trials.

Plastic antibody for the recognition of chemical warfare agent sulphur mustard.

PubMed

Boopathi, M; Suryanarayana, M V S; Nigam, Anil Kumar; Pandey, Pratibha; Ganesan, K; Singh, Beer; Sekhar, K

2006-06-15

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) known as plastic antibodies (PAs) represent a new class of materials possessing high selectivity and affinity for the target molecule. Since their discovery, PAs have attracted considerable interest from bio- and chemical laboratories to pharmaceutical institutes. PAs are becoming an important class of synthetic materials mimicking molecular recognition by natural receptors. In addition, they have been utilized as catalysts, sorbents for solid-phase extraction, stationary phase for liquid chromatography and mimics of enzymes. In this paper, first time we report the preparation and characterization of a PA for the recognition of blistering chemical warfare agent sulphur mustard (SM). The SM imprinted PA exhibited more surface area when compared to the control non-imprinted polymer (NIP). In addition, SEM image showed an ordered nano-pattern for the PA of SM that is entirely different from the image of NIP. The imprinting also enhanced SM rebinding ability to the PA when compared to the NIP with an imprinting efficiency (alpha) of 1.3.

Women as agents of change: Female income and mobility in India

PubMed Central

Luke, Nancy; Munshi, Kaivan

2013-01-01

Economic globalization will give many women in developing countries access to steady and relatively remunerative employment for the first time, potentially shifting bargaining power within their households and changing the choices that are made for their children. This paper exploits a unique setting — a group of tea plantations in South India where women are employed in permanent wage labor and where incomes do not vary by caste — to anticipate the impact of globalization on mobility across social groups in the future. The main result of the paper is that a relative increase in female income weakens the family's ties to the ancestral community and the traditional economy, but these mobility enhancing effects are obtained for certain historically disadvantaged castes alone. Although the paper provides a context-specific explanation for why the women from these castes emerge as agents of change, the first general implication of the analysis is that the incentive and the ability of women to use their earnings to influence household decisions depends importantly on their social background. The second implication is that historically disadvantaged groups may, in fact, be especially responsive to new opportunities precisely because they have fewer ties to the traditional economy to hold them back. PMID:24319310

Cooperative Emissions Trading Game: International Permit Market Dominated by Buyers

PubMed Central

Honjo, Keita

2015-01-01

Rapid reduction of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions is required to mitigate disastrous impacts of climate change. The Kyoto Protocol introduced international emissions trading (IET) to accelerate the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The IET controls CO2 emissions through the allocation of marketable emission permits to sovereign countries. The costs for acquiring additional permits provide buyers with an incentive to reduce their CO2 emissions. However, permit price has declined to a low level during the first commitment period (CP1). The downward trend in permit price is attributed to deficiencies of the Kyoto Protocol: weak compliance enforcement, the generous allocation of permits to transition economies (hot air), and the withdrawal of the US. These deficiencies created a buyer’s market dominated by price-making buyers. In this paper, I develop a coalitional game of the IET, and demonstrate that permit buyers have dominant bargaining power. In my model, called cooperative emissions trading (CET) game, a buyer purchases permits from sellers only if the buyer forms a coalition with the sellers. Permit price is determined by bargaining among the coalition members. I evaluated the demand-side and supply-side bargaining power (DBP and SBP) using Shapley value, and obtained the following results: (1) Permit price is given by the product of the buyer’s willingness-to-pay and the SBP (= 1 − DBP). (2) The DBP is greater than or equal to the SBP. These results indicate that buyers can suppress permit price to low levels through bargaining. The deficiencies of the Kyoto Protocol enhance the DBP, and contribute to the demand-side dominance in the international permit market. PMID:26244778

Change Agent Strategies: A Study of the Michigan-Ohio Regional Educational Laboratory.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Peggy Lynne

This dissertation reports on a study of the planning and development activities of the Michigan-Ohio Regional Educational Laboratory (MOREL). The study attempted to assess (1) whether MOREL has accepted a change agent role, and (2) whether it has taken action that indicates recognition of what is known through the literature and research about…

9 CFR 151.6 - Statement of owner, agent, or importer as to identity of animals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... as to identity of animals. 151.6 Section 151.6 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ANIMAL BREEDS RECOGNITION OF BREEDS AND BOOKS OF RECORD OF... identity of animals. The owner, agent, or importer who applies for a certificate of pure breeding for any...

9 CFR 151.6 - Statement of owner, agent, or importer as to identity of animals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... as to identity of animals. 151.6 Section 151.6 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ANIMAL BREEDS RECOGNITION OF BREEDS AND BOOKS OF RECORD OF... identity of animals. The owner, agent, or importer who applies for a certificate of pure breeding for any...

Agreement Between Eastern Michigan University and the Eastern Michigan Chapter of the American Association of University Professors, December 1974.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eastern Michigan Univ., Ypsilanti.

This contractual agreement between Eastern Michigan University and the Eastern Michigan Chapter of the American Association of University Professors is effective until August 31, 1976. The agreement covers the areas of definitions; general purposes and intent; recognition of agent; past practices; agent rights; personnel files; grievance…

Marriage migration, patriarchal bargains, and wife abuse: a study of South Asian women.

PubMed

Chaudhuri, Soma; Morash, Merry; Yingling, Julie

2014-02-01

This article contributes to the literature on wife abuse by using the patriarchal bargaining framework, which highlights the issue of agency as women strive to achieve their goals within the constraints of family and culture. Study participants were recent South Asian immigrants to the United States. Narrative analysis revealed that patriarchal constraints in natal families, culture, and expectations of benefits gained through marriage influenced many of the women to migrate for marriage. When husbands enforced extreme patriarchy with abuse, women's personal efforts to contain abuse were largely ineffective. However, advocacy agency interventions did help some women break out of extreme patriarchy.

Someone has to give in: theta oscillations correlate with adaptive behavior in social bargaining

PubMed Central

Zamorano, Francisco; López, Tamara; Rodriguez, Carlos; Cosmelli, Diego; Aboitiz, Francisco

2014-01-01

During social bargain, one has to both figure out the others’ intentions and behave strategically in such a way that the others’ behaviors will be consistent with one’s expectations. To understand the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these behaviors, we used electroencephalography while subjects played as proposers in a repeated ultimatum game. We found that subjects adapted their offers to obtain more acceptances in the last round and that this adaptation correlated negatively with prefrontal theta oscillations. People with higher prefrontal theta activity related to a rejection did not adapt their offers along the game to maximize their earning. Moreover, between-subject variation in posterior theta oscillations correlated positively with how individual theta activity influenced the change of offer after a rejection, reflecting a process of behavioral adaptation to the others’ demands. Interestingly, people adapted better their offers when they knew that they where playing against a computer, although the behavioral adaptation did not correlate with prefrontal theta oscillation. Behavioral changes between human and computer games correlated with prefrontal theta activity, suggesting that low adaptation in human games could be a strategy. Taken together, these results provide evidence for specific roles of prefrontal and posterior theta oscillations in social bargaining. PMID:24493841

Market structure and hospital-insurer bargaining in the Netherlands.

PubMed

Halbersma, R S; Mikkers, M C; Motchenkova, E; Seinen, I

2011-12-01

In 2005, competition was introduced in part of the hospital market in the Netherlands. Using a unique dataset of transactions and list prices between hospitals and insurers in the years 2005 and 2006, we estimate the influence of buyer and seller concentration on the negotiated prices. First, we use a traditional structure-conduct-performance model (SCP-model) along the lines of Melnick et al. (J Health Econ 11(3): 217-233, 1992) to estimate the effects of buyer and seller concentration on price-cost margins. Second, we model the interaction between hospitals and insurers in the context of a generalized bargaining model similar to Brooks et al. (J Health Econ 16: 417-434, 1997). In the SCP-model, we find that the market shares of hospitals (insurers) have a significantly positive (negative) impact on the hospital price-cost margin. In the bargaining model, we find a significant negative effect of insurer concentration, but no significant effect of hospital concentration. In both models, we find a significant impact of idiosyncratic effects on the market outcomes. This is consistent with the fact that the Dutch hospital sector is not yet in a long-run equilibrium.

Competition among cooperators: Altruism and reciprocity

PubMed Central

Danielson, Peter

2002-01-01

Levine argues that neither self-interest nor altruism explains experimental results in bargaining and public goods games. Subjects' preferences appear also to be sensitive to their opponents' perceived altruism. Sethi and Somanathan provide a general account of reciprocal preferences that survive under evolutionary pressure. Although a wide variety of reciprocal strategies pass this evolutionary test, Sethi and Somanthan conjecture that fewer are likely to survive when reciprocal strategies compete with each other. This paper develops evolutionary agent-based models to test their conjecture in cases where reciprocal preferences can differ in a variety of games. We confirm that reciprocity is necessary but not sufficient for optimal cooperation. We explore the theme of competition among reciprocal cooperators and display three interesting emergent organizations: racing to the “moral high ground,” unstable cycles of preference change, and, when we implement reciprocal mechanisms, hierarchies resulting from exploiting fellow cooperators. If reciprocity is a basic mechanism facilitating cooperation, we can expect interaction that evolves around it to be complex, non-optimal, and resistant to change. PMID:12011403

Behavioural consequences of regret and disappointment in social bargaining games.

PubMed

Martinez, Luis M F; Zeelenberg, Marcel; Rijsman, John B

2011-02-01

Previous research on the role of negative emotions in social bargaining games has focused primarily on social emotions such as anger and guilt. In this article, we provide a test for behavioural differences between two prototypical decision-related negative emotions-regret and disappointment-in one-shot social dilemma games. Three experiments with two different emotion-induction procedures (autobiographical recall and imagined scenarios) and two different games (the ultimatum game and the 10-coin give-some game) revealed that regret increased prosocial behaviour, whereas disappointment decreased prosocial behaviour. These results extend previous findings concerning differences between regret and disappointment to interdependent (social) situations. © 2010 Psychology Press, an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hao, He; Sun, Yannan; Carroll, Thomas E.

We propose a coordination algorithm for cooperative power allocation among a collection of commercial buildings within a campus. We introduced thermal and power models of a typical commercial building Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system, and utilize model predictive control to characterize their power flexibility. The power allocation problem is formulated as a cooperative game using the Nash Bargaining Solution (NBS) concept, in which buildings collectively maximize the product of their utilities subject to their local flexibility constraints and a total power limit set by the campus coordinator. To solve the optimal allocation problem, a distributed protocol is designedmore » using dual decomposition of the Nash bargaining problem. Numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed allocation method« less

Bioterrorism and the nervous system.

PubMed

Han, M H; Zunt, J R

2003-11-01

Recent events of war, terrorist attacks, and mail-borne anthrax exposure have produced increasing awareness of potential bioterrorism attacks in the United States and other parts of the world. Physicians and healthcare personnel play a key role in identifying potential bioterrorist attacks. Early recognition and preparedness for bioterrorism-associated illnesses is especially important for neurologists because most bioterrorism agents can directly or indirectly affect the nervous system. This article reviews the neurologic manifestations, diagnosis, and treatments of syndromes caused by potential bioterrorism agents, as well as the potential side effects of vaccines against some of these agents.

How do sex ratios in China influence marriage decisions and intra-household resource allocation?

PubMed Central

Porter, Maria

2017-01-01

This article examines how imbalanced sex ratios influence marriage decisions and household bargaining. Using data from the 1982 Chinese census, the traditional “availability ratio” is modified to reflect the degree to which men tend to marry women from different cohorts. This ratio reflects the average tendency of men to prefer women who are close in age to women who are several years younger than them by weighting cohort sizes using the proportion of people in the population who marry someone born in a different cohort. Given that men generally marry younger women, this ratio varies independently of the size of one's own birth cohort. Yet, the ratio fluctuates considerably across individuals, as the sizes of birth cohorts in China vary across time and regions. This enables us to examine how variability in such ratios may influence marriage decisions and household bargaining. The findings suggest that women exercise greater bargaining power once married. Results indicate that as women become scarcer in the marriage market, they have healthier sons. Men also delay marriage, and consume less tobacco and alcohol. This paper also highlights how sensitive findings may be to using this modified weighted availability ratio rather than a traditional unweighted availability ratio. PMID:28989332