48 CFR 2919.505 - Rejecting Small Business Administration recommendations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Rejecting Small Business Administration recommendations. 2919.505 Section 2919.505 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF... Small Business 2919.505 Rejecting Small Business Administration recommendations. When the SBA...

Collaborative enterprise and virtual prototyping (CEVP): a product-centric approach to distributed simulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saunders, Vance M.

1999-06-01

The downsizing of the Department of Defense (DoD) and the associated reduction in budgets has re-emphasized the need for commonality, reuse, and standards with respect to the way DoD does business. DoD has implemented significant changes in how it buys weapon systems. The new emphasis is on concurrent engineering with Integrated Product and Process Development and collaboration with Integrated Product Teams. The new DoD vision includes Simulation Based Acquisition (SBA), a process supported by robust, collaborative use of simulation technology that is integrated across acquisition phases and programs. This paper discusses the Air Force Research Laboratory's efforts to use Modeling and Simulation (M&S) resources within a Collaborative Enterprise Environment to support SBA and other Collaborative Enterprise and Virtual Prototyping (CEVP) applications. The paper will discuss four technology areas: (1) a Processing Ontology that defines a hierarchically nested set of collaboration contexts needed to organize and support multi-disciplinary collaboration using M&S, (2) a partial taxonomy of intelligent agents needed to manage different M&S resource contributions to advancing the state of product development, (3) an agent- based process for interfacing disparate M&S resources into a CEVP framework, and (4) a Model-View-Control based approach to defining `a new way of doing business' for users of CEVP frameworks/systems.

76 FR 68044 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Federal Acquisition Circular 2005-54; Small Entity Compliance Guide

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-02

... implements revisions made by the Small Business Administration (SBA) in its Small Disadvantaged Business (SDB..., to allow SDBs to self-represent their SDB status to prime contractors in good faith when seeking Federal subcontracting opportunities. This FAR revision removed an administrative burden for SDB...

48 CFR 18.114 - Contracting with the Small Business Administration (The 8(a) Program).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Business Administration (The 8(a) Program). 18.114 Section 18.114 Federal Acquisition Regulations System... Acquisition Flexibilities 18.114 Contracting with the Small Business Administration (The 8(a) Program). Contracts may be awarded to the Small Business Administration (SBA) for performance by eligible 8(a) firms...

48 CFR 18.114 - Contracting with the Small Business Administration (The 8(a) Program).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Business Administration (The 8(a) Program). 18.114 Section 18.114 Federal Acquisition Regulations System... Acquisition Flexibilities 18.114 Contracting with the Small Business Administration (The 8(a) Program). Contracts may be awarded to the Small Business Administration (SBA) for performance by eligible 8(a) firms...

75 FR 66411 - Small Entity Compliance Guide: Women-Owned Small Business Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-28

...-Owned Small Business (WOSB) Program. This guide sets forth in plain language the requirements for... effective February 4, 2011 because the agency is in the process of working with the Federal Acquisition Regulatory Council to implement this program in the Federal Acquisition Regulations. In addition, the SBA is...

48 CFR 19.307 - Protesting a firm's status as a service-disabled veteran-owned small business concern.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... as a service-disabled veteran-owned small business concern. 19.307 Section 19.307 Federal Acquisition...-disabled veteran-owned small business concern. (a) For sole source acquisitions, the SBA or the contracting officer may protest the apparently successful offeror's service-disabled veteran-owned small business...

48 CFR 19.307 - Protesting a firm's status as a service-disabled veteran-owned small business concern.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... as a service-disabled veteran-owned small business concern. 19.307 Section 19.307 Federal Acquisition...-disabled veteran-owned small business concern. (a) For sole source acquisitions, the SBA or the contracting officer may protest the apparently successful offeror's service-disabled veteran-owned small business...

48 CFR 19.307 - Protesting a firm's status as a service-disabled veteran-owned small business concern.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... as a service-disabled veteran-owned small business concern. 19.307 Section 19.307 Federal Acquisition...-disabled veteran-owned small business concern. (a) For sole source acquisitions, the SBA or the contracting officer may protest the apparently successful offeror's service-disabled veteran-owned small business...

48 CFR 19.307 - Protesting a firm's status as a service-disabled veteran-owned small business concern.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... business status requirements will be processed concurrently by SBA. (c) All protests must be in writing and... as a service-disabled veteran-owned small business concern. 19.307 Section 19.307 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS Determination...

48 CFR 2419.800 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... contracts awarded under SBA's Section 8(a) program. The Senior Procurement Executive has issued internal guidance regarding the direct award of 8(a) contracts, consistent with Civilian Agency Acquisition Council...

48 CFR 219.201 - General policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...) procurement center representative. If an SBA procurement center representative is not assigned, see FAR 19.402... (Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics), simultaneously with submittal to the Office of Federal Procurement...

48 CFR 219.201 - General policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...) procurement center representative. If an SBA procurement center representative is not assigned, see FAR 19.402... (Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics), simultaneously with submittal to the Office of Federal Procurement...

48 CFR 219.201 - General policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...) procurement center representative. If an SBA procurement center representative is not assigned, see FAR 19.402... (Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics), simultaneously with submittal to the Office of Federal Procurement...

48 CFR 219.201 - General policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...) procurement center representative. If an SBA procurement center representative is not assigned, see FAR 19.402... (Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics), simultaneously with submittal to the Office of Federal Procurement...

48 CFR 219.201 - General policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...) procurement center representative. If an SBA procurement center representative is not assigned, see FAR 19.402... (Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics), simultaneously with submittal to the Office of Federal Procurement...

48 CFR 619.803-71 - Simplified procedures for 8(a) acquisitions under MOUs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... activities may use the simplified acquisition procedures of FAR part 13 and DOSAR part 613 to issue purchase orders or contracts, not exceeding $100,000, to 8(a) participants. The $100,000 limitation for use of FAR... letters from, the SBA are required. (b) The contracting activity shall use the Central Contractor...

13 CFR 120.1010 - SBA access to SBA Lender, Intermediary, and NTAP files.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false SBA access to SBA Lender, Intermediary, and NTAP files. 120.1010 Section 120.1010 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Risk-Based Lender Oversight Supervision § 120.1010 SBA access to SBA Lender...

13 CFR 120.707 - What conditions apply to loans by Intermediaries to Microloan borrowers?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... nonprofit child care business. Proceeds from Microloans may be used only for working capital and acquisition of materials, supplies, furniture, fixtures, and equipment. SBA does not review Microloans for...

13 CFR 106.500 - What is SBA's Gift authority?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What is SBA's Gift authority? 106... AND NON-FEE BASED SBA-SPONSORED ACTIVITIES AND GIFTS Gifts § 106.500 What is SBA's Gift authority? This section covers SBA's Gift acceptance authority under sections 4(g), 8(b)(1)(G), 5(b)(9) and 7(k)(2...

48 CFR 19.302 - Protesting a small business representation or rerepresentation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS Determination of Small Business Status for Small Business Programs 19.302 Protesting a small business representation or rerepresentation. (a) An offeror, the SBA, or another interested party may protest the small business...

48 CFR 19.302 - Protesting a small business representation or rerepresentation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS Determination of Small Business Status for Small Business Programs 19.302 Protesting a small business representation or rerepresentation. (a)(1) The Small Business Administration (SBA) regulations on small business size and size...

48 CFR 19.302 - Protesting a small business representation or rerepresentation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS Determination of Small Business Status for Small Business Programs 19.302 Protesting a small business representation or rerepresentation. (a) An offeror, the SBA, or another interested party may protest the small business...

48 CFR 2919.505 - Rejecting Small Business Administration recommendations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2013-10-01 2012-10-01 true Rejecting Small Business... LABOR SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS AND SMALL DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS CONCERNS Set-Asides for Small Business 2919.505 Rejecting Small Business Administration recommendations. When the SBA...

48 CFR 19.302 - Protesting a small business representation or rerepresentation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS Determination of Small Business Status for Small Business Programs 19.302 Protesting a small business representation or rerepresentation. (a) An offeror, the SBA, or another interested party may protest the small business...

48 CFR 2919.505 - Rejecting Small Business Administration recommendations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Rejecting Small Business... LABOR SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS AND SMALL DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS CONCERNS Set-Asides for Small Business 2919.505 Rejecting Small Business Administration recommendations. When the SBA...

48 CFR 2919.505 - Rejecting Small Business Administration recommendations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Rejecting Small Business... LABOR SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS AND SMALL DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS CONCERNS Set-Asides for Small Business 2919.505 Rejecting Small Business Administration recommendations. When the SBA...

Linguistic geometry for technologies procurement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stilman, Boris; Yakhnis, Vladimir; Umanskiy, Oleg; Boyd, Ron

2005-05-01

In the modern world of rapidly rising prices of new military hardware, the importance of Simulation Based Acquisition (SBA) is hard to overestimate. With SAB, DOD would be able to test, develop CONOPS for, debug, and evaluate new conceptual military equipment before actually building the expensive hardware. However, only recently powerful tools for real SBA have been developed. Linguistic Geometry (LG) permits full-scale modeling and evaluation of new military technologies, combinations of hardware systems and concepts of their application. Using LG tools, the analysts can create a gaming environment populated with the Blue forces armed with the new conceptual hardware as well as with appropriate existing weapons and equipment. This environment will also contain the intelligent enemy with appropriate weaponry and, if desired, with a conceptual counters to the new Blue weapons. Within such LG gaming environment, the analyst can run various what-ifs with the LG tools providing the simulated combatants with strategies and tactics solving their goals with minimal resources spent.

77 FR 55737 - Small Business Size Standards: Finance and Insurance and Management of Companies and Enterprises

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-11

...The U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) proposes to increase small business size standards for 37 industries in North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Sector 52, Finance and Insurance, and for two industries in NAICS Sector 55, Management of Companies and Enterprises. In addition, SBA proposes to change the measure of size from average assets to average receipts for NAICS 522293, International Trade Financing. As part of its ongoing comprehensive size standards review, SBA evaluated all receipts based and assets based size standards in NAICS Sectors 52 and 55 to determine whether they should be retained or revised. This proposed rule is one of a series of proposed rules that will review size standards of industries grouped by NAICS Sector. SBA issued a White Paper entitled ``Size Standards Methodology'' and published a notice in the October 21, 2009 issue of the Federal Register to advise the public that the document is available on its Web site at www.sba.gov/size for public review and comments. The ``Size Standards Methodology'' White Paper explains how SBA establishes, reviews, and modifies its receipts based and employee based small business size standards. In this proposed rule, SBA has applied its methodology that pertains to establishing, reviewing, and modifying a receipts based size standard.

Correlation between serum bactericidal activity against Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, C, W-135 and Y measured using human versus rabbit serum as the complement source.

PubMed Central

CJ, Gill; S, Ram; JA, Welsch; L, DeTora; A, Anemona

2014-01-01

The surrogate of protection against invasive meningococcal disease is the presence of serum bactericidal activity (SBA) at a titer ≥4 in an assay using human serum as the complement source (hSBA). However, for various practical and logistical reasons, many meningococcal vaccines in use today were licensed based on a modified SBA assay that used baby rabbit serum as the complement source (rSBA). To assess the strength of correlation between the two assay systems for serogroups A, C, W-135 and Y, we analyzed a subset of samples from adolescent subjects enrolled in a Phase II study of Novartis’ MenACWY-CRM conjugate vaccine vs. an ACWY polysaccharide vaccine; samples were analyzed in parallel using hSBA and rSBA. We compared geometric mean titers (GMTs), calculated Pearson correlation coefficients between paired hSBA and rSBA results, and calculated sensitivity/specificity and likelihood ratios for an rSBA ≥8 or ≥128 for classifying hSBA ≥4, taking hSBA as the ‘gold standard’. Correlations between hSBA and rSBA ranged from 0.46 to 0.78 for serogroup C, but were weaker for serogroups A, W-135 and Y (range -0.15 to 0.57). In post vaccination samples, nearly all subjects had rSBA titers ≥8, though up to 15% remained seronegative by hSBA. In post vaccination settings, rSBA titers at ≥8 or ≥128 was highly sensitive for an hSBA titer ≥4, but non-specific. In conclusion, results generated by rSBA did not accurately classify serostatus according to hSBA for serogroups A, W-135 and Y. PMID:22075087

Technology for School-Based Assessment and Assessment for Learning: Development Principles from New Zealand

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hattie, John A. C.; Brown, Gavin T. L.

2008-01-01

National assessment systems can be enhanced with effective school-based assessment (SBA) that allows teachers to focus on improvement decisions. Modern computer-assisted technology systems are often used to deploy SBA systems. Since 2000, New Zealand has researched, developed, and deployed a national, computer-assisted SBA system. Eight major…

48 CFR 819.602-3 - Resolving differences between VA and the Small Business Administration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... between VA and the Small Business Administration. 819.602-3 Section 819.602-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS Certificates... Small Business Administration. The Director, OSDBU, is the VA liaison with the SBA. Information copies...

48 CFR 819.202-5 - Data collection and reporting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... VETERANS AFFAIRS SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS Policies 819.202-5 Data collection and... responsibilities designated in FAR 19.202-5, cooperate with OSDBU in formulating specific small business program... goals with the Small Business Administration (SBA). (d) As an addendum to the report, each acquisition...

48 CFR 819.202-5 - Data collection and reporting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... VETERANS AFFAIRS SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS Policies 819.202-5 Data collection and... responsibilities designated in FAR 19.202-5, cooperate with OSDBU in formulating specific small business program... goals with the Small Business Administration (SBA). (d) As an addendum to the report, each acquisition...

48 CFR 819.202-5 - Data collection and reporting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... VETERANS AFFAIRS SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS Policies 819.202-5 Data collection and... responsibilities designated in FAR 19.202-5, cooperate with OSDBU in formulating specific small business program... goals with the Small Business Administration (SBA). (d) As an addendum to the report, each acquisition...

48 CFR 819.202-5 - Data collection and reporting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... VETERANS AFFAIRS SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS Policies 819.202-5 Data collection and... responsibilities designated in FAR 19.202-5, cooperate with OSDBU in formulating specific small business program... goals with the Small Business Administration (SBA). (d) As an addendum to the report, each acquisition...

48 CFR 819.202-5 - Data collection and reporting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... VETERANS AFFAIRS SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS Policies 819.202-5 Data collection and... responsibilities designated in FAR 19.202-5, cooperate with OSDBU in formulating specific small business program... goals with the Small Business Administration (SBA). (d) As an addendum to the report, each acquisition...

School-Based Assessment in Malaysian Schools: The Concerns of the English Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Majid, Faizah A.

2011-01-01

The Malaysian government has proposed to implement SBA (school-based assessment) in public schools with an attempt to replace the current public examinations. However, as SBA has yet to be in full swing, relatively little is known about the concerns of the teachers who would directly be involved in implementing SBA. This paper presents the…

13 CFR 119.12 - What criteria will SBA use to evaluate applications for funding under the PRIME program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... based on expertise and ability to fulfill the purposes of the Act. (2) SBA will evaluate organizational... communication capabilities (or potential for same). SBA will also evaluate data collection capabilities... product to the field. (d) Applications for Discretionary Grants will be evaluated based on the goals and...

13 CFR 119.12 - What criteria will SBA use to evaluate applications for funding under the PRIME program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... based on expertise and ability to fulfill the purposes of the Act. (2) SBA will evaluate organizational... communication capabilities (or potential for same). SBA will also evaluate data collection capabilities... product to the field. (d) Applications for Discretionary Grants will be evaluated based on the goals and...

13 CFR 119.12 - What criteria will SBA use to evaluate applications for funding under the PRIME program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... based on expertise and ability to fulfill the purposes of the Act. (2) SBA will evaluate organizational... communication capabilities (or potential for same). SBA will also evaluate data collection capabilities... product to the field. (d) Applications for Discretionary Grants will be evaluated based on the goals and...

13 CFR 119.12 - What criteria will SBA use to evaluate applications for funding under the PRIME program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... based on expertise and ability to fulfill the purposes of the Act. (2) SBA will evaluate organizational... communication capabilities (or potential for same). SBA will also evaluate data collection capabilities... product to the field. (d) Applications for Discretionary Grants will be evaluated based on the goals and...

Comparative Study of Molecular Basket Sorbents Consisting of Polyallylamine and Polyethylenimine Functionalized SBA-15 for CO2 Capture from Flue Gas.

PubMed

Wang, Dongxiang; Wang, Xiaoxing; Song, Chunshan

2017-11-17

Polyallylamine (PAA)-based molecular basket sorbents (MBS) have been studied for CO 2 capture in comparison with polyethylenimine (PEI)-based MBS. The characterizations including N 2 physisorption, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that PAA (M n =15 000) is more rigid and has more steric hindrance inside SBA-15 pores than PEI owing mainly to its different polymer structure. The effects of temperature and PAA loading on the CO 2 sorption capacity of PAA-based MBS have been examined by TGA by using 100 % CO 2 gas stream and compared with PEI/SBA-15. It was found that the capacity of the PAA/SBA-15 sorbent increased with increasing temperature. The optimum capacity of 88 mg CO2  g sorb -1 was obtained at 140 °C for PAA(50)/SBA-15 whereas the optimum sorption temperature was 75 and 90 °C for PEI-I(50)/SBA-15 (PEI-I, M n =423) and PEI-II(50)/SBA-15 (PEI-II, M n =25 000), respectively. The capacity initially increased with the increase of PAA loading and then dropped at high amine contents, owing to the increased diffusion barrier. The highest CO 2 capacity of 109 mg CO2  g sorb -1 was obtained at a PAA loading of 65 wt %, whereas the PAA(50)/SBA-15 sorbent gave the best amine efficiency of 0.23 mol CO2  mol N -1 . The effect of moisture was examined in a fixed-bed flow system with simulated flue gas containing 15 % CO 2 and 4.5 % O 2 in N 2 . It was found that the presence of moisture significantly enhanced CO 2 sorption over PAA(50)/SBA-15 and greatly improved its cyclic stability and regenerability. Compared with PEI/SBA-15, PAA/SBA-15 possesses a better thermal stability and higher resistance to oxidative degradation. However, the CO 2 sorption rate over the PAA(50)/SBA-15 sorbent was much slower. © 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

48 CFR 419.602-3 - Resolving differences between the agency and the Small Business Administration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... between the agency and the Small Business Administration. 419.602-3 Section 419.602-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS Certificates of... Small Business Administration. The HCA is authorized to appeal the issuance of a COC to SBA Headquarters...

48 CFR 419.602-3 - Resolving differences between the agency and the Small Business Administration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... between the agency and the Small Business Administration. 419.602-3 Section 419.602-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS Certificates of... Small Business Administration. The HCA is authorized to appeal the issuance of a COC to SBA Headquarters...

13 CFR 125.2 - What are SBA's and the procuring agency's responsibilities when providing contracting assistance...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... justified); is for construction and seeks to package or consolidate discrete construction projects; or if a... alternatives may include: (A) Breaking up the procurement into smaller discrete procurements, especially construction acquisitions that can be procured as separate projects; (B) Breaking out one or more discrete...

48 CFR 19.803 - Selecting acquisitions for the 8(a) Program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... code, business support levels, and business activity targets; or, (ii) If competitive, a statement that... activity targets. If requested by the contracting activity, SBA will identify at least two such firms and... independently, or through the self marketing efforts of an 8(a) firm, identify a requirement for the 8(a...

48 CFR 419.602-3 - Resolving differences between the agency and the Small Business Administration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... between the agency and the Small Business Administration. 419.602-3 Section 419.602-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS Certificates of... Small Business Administration. The HCA is authorized to appeal the issuance of a COC to SBA Headquarters...

Growth of hydroxyapatite in a biocompatible mesoporous ordered silica.

PubMed

Díaz, A; López, T; Manjarrez, J; Basaldella, E; Martínez-Blanes, J M; Odriozola, J A

2006-03-01

A novel biomaterial (HA-SBA-15) has been developed based on the growth of calcium phosphate hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles within an organized silica structure (SBA-15). Characterization of the material was carried out using a combination of X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, transmission electron microscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms and nuclear magnetic resonance. Transmission electron microscopy observations and N2 porosimetry revealed the crystallization of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles inside the mesopore cavities of the silica structure. Specific surface areas of 760 m2 g(-1) and 260 m2 g(-1) were measured for the SBA-15 and the HA-SBA-15 material, respectively. The hydroxyl groups present in the silica nanostructure surface have brought about cationic defects in the silicium sites, mainly with those of tetrahedral symmetry, and promoted the formation of siloxanes. 29Si MAS-NMR analysis shows a significant reduction of the silanol groups concentration with HA growing within the base (SBA-15) material. Studies and brain tissue biocompatibility tests were carried out. Histopathological studies on the SBA-15 implant material showed no changes to the tissue nearby. The results confirmed the synthesis of a silica-based composite containing HA nanoparticles with the potential for biomedical applications.

13 CFR 124.507 - What procedures apply to competitive 8(a) procurements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... developmental and transitional stages of program participation. (2) Construction competitions. Based on its knowledge of the 8(a) BD portfolio, SBA will determine whether a competitive 8(a) construction requirement... construction. (3) If SBA determines that the apparent successful offeror is ineligible, SBA will notify the...

13 CFR 120.1500 - Types of enforcement actions-SBA Lenders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Types of enforcement actions-SBA Lenders. 120.1500 Section 120.1500 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Risk-Based Lender Oversight Enforcement Actions § 120.1500 Types of enforcement actions—SBA...

48 CFR 19.307 - Protesting a firm's status as a service-disabled veteran-owned small business concern.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... as a service-disabled veteran-owned small business concern. 19.307 Section 19.307 Federal Acquisition...-disabled veteran-owned small business concern. (a) Definition. Interested party, as used in this section... contracting officer, or the SBA may protest the apparently successful offeror's status as a service-disabled...

48 CFR 19.806 - Pricing the 8(a) contract.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Pricing the 8(a) contract...) Program) 19.806 Pricing the 8(a) contract. (a) The contracting officer shall price the 8(a) contract in accordance with subpart 15.4. If required by subpart 15.4, the SBA shall obtain certified cost or pricing...

Functionalized SBA-15 supported nickel (II)-oxime-imine catalysts for liquid phase oxidation of olefins under solvent-free conditions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paul, Luna; Banerjee, Biplab; Bhaumik, Asim; Ali, Mahammad

2016-05-01

A new oxime-imine functionalized highly ordered mesoporous SBA-15 (SBA-15-NH2-DAMO) has been synthesized via post-synthesis functionalization of SBA-15 with 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane followed by the Schiff base condensation with diacetylmonooxime, which was further reacted with Ni(ClO4)2 to yield the functionalized nickel catalyst SBA-15-NH2-DAMO-Ni. All the synthesized materials were thoroughly characterized using different characterization techniques. It was found that SBA-15-NH2-DAMO-Ni catalyzes the one-pot oxidation of olefins like styrene, cyclohexene, cyclooctene, 1-hexene and 1-octene to the corresponding benzaldehyde, cyclohexene-1-ol and cyclooctene-oxide, respectively under solvent-free conditions by using tert-butylhydroperoxide as oxidant.

13 CFR 123.410 - Which loan requests will SBA fund?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... each application (loan request) as it is received. SBA will fund loan requests which meet the selection... allocated all available program funds. Multiple applications received on the same day will be ranked by a computer based random selection system to determine their funding order. SBA will notify you in writing of...

13 CFR 123.410 - Which loan requests will SBA fund?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... each application (loan request) as it is received. SBA will fund loan requests which meet the selection... allocated all available program funds. Multiple applications received on the same day will be ranked by a computer based random selection system to determine their funding order. SBA will notify you in writing of...

13 CFR 123.410 - Which loan requests will SBA fund?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... each application (loan request) as it is received. SBA will fund loan requests which meet the selection... allocated all available program funds. Multiple applications received on the same day will be ranked by a computer based random selection system to determine their funding order. SBA will notify you in writing of...

Functionalized SBA-15 supported nickel (II)–oxime–imine catalysts for liquid phase oxidation of olefins under solvent-free conditions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Paul, Luna; Banerjee, Biplab; Bhaumik, Asim, E-mail: msab@iacs.res.in

2016-05-15

A new oxime–imine functionalized highly ordered mesoporous SBA-15 (SBA-15-NH{sub 2}-DAMO) has been synthesized via post-synthesis functionalization of SBA-15 with 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane followed by the Schiff base condensation with diacetylmonooxime, which was further reacted with Ni(ClO{sub 4}){sub 2} to yield the functionalized nickel catalyst SBA-15-NH{sub 2}-DAMO-Ni. All the synthesized materials were thoroughly characterized using different characterization techniques. It was found that SBA-15-NH{sub 2}-DAMO-Ni catalyzes the one-pot oxidation of olefins like styrene, cyclohexene, cyclooctene, 1-hexene and 1-octene to the corresponding benzaldehyde, cyclohexene-1-ol and cyclooctene-oxide, respectively under solvent-free conditions by using tert-butylhydroperoxide as oxidant. - Graphical abstract: A new well characterized oxime–imine functionalized highlymore » ordered mesoporous SBA-15-NH{sub 2}-DAMO-Ni complex catalyzes the one-pot oxidation of olefins under solvent free mild conditions.« less

75 FR 60263 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Offering a Construction Requirement-8(a) Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-29

... geographical area where the work is to be performed. However, the SBA regulation requires the offering letters... September 30, 1993. This rule is not a major rule under 5 U.S.C. 804. B. Regulatory Flexibility Act The Regulatory Flexibility Act does not apply to this rule. This final rule does not constitute a significant FAR...

Encapsulated heterogeneous base catalysts onto SBA-15 nanoporous material as highly active catalysts in the transesterification of sunflower oil to biodiesel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Albayati, Talib M.; Doyle, Aidan M.

2015-02-01

Alkali metals and their hydroxides, Na, NaOH, Li, and LiOH, were encapsulated onto SBA-15 nanoporous material as highly active catalysts for the production of biodiesel fuel from sunflower oil. The incipient wetness impregnation method was adopted for the prepared catalysts. The characterization properties of the catalysts and unmodified SBA-15 were determined using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, EDAX, nitrogen adsorption-desorption porosimetry (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Transesterification was conducted in a batch reactor at atmospheric pressure and 65 °C. The catalysts were highly active with yields of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) in the range 96-99 %. Na/SBA-15 catalyst was reused for seven consecutive cycles under the same reaction conditions; the yield to FAME on the final cycle was 96 %. This study shows that the alkali metals and their hydroxides supported on SBA-15-based catalyst are excellent catalysts for the biodiesel reaction.

Potentiometric sensors for the selective determination of sulbutiamine.

PubMed

Ahmed, M A; Elbeshlawy, M M

1999-11-01

Five novel polyvinyl chloride (PVC) matrix membrane sensors for the selective determination of sulbutiamine (SBA) cation are described. These sensors are based on molybdate, tetraphenylborate, reineckate, phosphotun gestate and phosphomolybdate, as possible ion-pairing agents. These sensors display rapid near-Nernstian stable response over a relatively wide concentration range 1x10(-2)-1x10(-6) M of sulbutiamine, with calibration slopes 28 32.6 mV decade(-1) over a reasonable pH range 2-6. The proposed sensors proved to have a good selectivity for SBA over some inorganic and organic cations. The five potentiometric sensors were applied successfully in the determination of SBA in a pharmaceutical preparation (arcalion-200) using both direct potentiometry and potentiometric titration. Direct potentiometric determination of microgram quantities of SBA gave average recoveries of 99.4 and 99.3 with mean standard deviation of 0.7 and 0.3 for pure SBA and arcalion-200 formulation respectively. Potentiometric titration of milligram quantities of SBA gave average recoveries of 99.3 and 98.7% with mean standard deviation of 0.7 and 1.2 for pure SBA and arcalion-200 formulation, respectively.

13 CFR 106.503 - Are there types of Gifts which SBA may not solicit and/or accept?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... of or for (or use cash Gifts to purchase or engage in) the following: (a) Alcohol products; (b... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Are there types of Gifts which SBA... ADMINISTRATION COSPONSORSHIPS, FEE AND NON-FEE BASED SBA-SPONSORED ACTIVITIES AND GIFTS Gifts § 106.503 Are there...

76 FR 32845 - Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement; Definition of “Qualifying Country End Product...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-06

... products that are COTS items, so that it will not be necessary to try to track the origin of components of... definition of ``small business'', the Regulatory Flexibility Act refers to the Small Business Act, which in... U.S.C. 632(a). The SBA regulations at 13 CFR 121.105 discuss who is a small business: '' (a)(1...

Physical-chemical properties of dental composites and adhesives containing silane-modified SBA-15.

PubMed

Martim, Gedalias Custódio; Kupfer, Vicente Lira; Moisés, Murilo Pereira; Dos Santos, Andressa; Buzzetti, Paulo Henrique Maciel; Rinaldi, Andrelson Wellington; Rubira, Adley Forti; Girotto, Emerson Marcelo

2018-04-01

The aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize mesoporous materials SBA-15 and SBA-15 modified with 3-(methacryloxy)-propyl-trimethoxysilane (MPS) to be used as inorganic filler in restorative dental composites and adhesives, and evaluate the main physical-chemical properties of the resulting material. The SBA-15 and SBA-15/MPS were characterized by FTIR, BET and X-Ray and combined with TEGDMA, bis-GMA and commercial spherical silica to produce dental composites. Afterwards, the mesoporous materials were combined with TEGDMA, bis-GMA and HEMA to make adhesives. To compare the results, composites and adhesives containing only commercial spherical silica were investigated. Some physical-chemical properties such as degree of conversion (DC), flexural strength (FS) and modulus (FM), water sorption and solubility (W sp and W sl ), specific area (BET), and the leachable components were evaluated. The SBA-15/MPS can be used to prepare dental restorative materials, with some foreseeable advantages compared with pure SBA-15 dental materials and with improved properties compared with commercial spherical silica dental materials. An important improvement was that the dental materials based on modified SBA-15 presented a reduction of approximately 60% in leaching of unreacted monomers extracted by solvent compared to the control group. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Synthesis and characterization of functionalized mesoprous SBA-15 decorated with Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles for removal of Ce(III) ions from aqueous solution: ICP-OES detection and central composite design optimization.

PubMed

Dashtian, Kheibar; Zare-Dorabei, Rouholah

2017-05-15

A selective adsorbent based on the modification of mesoprous SBA-15 with N,N'-bis(salicylidene)-1,3-ethylenediamine Schiff base and decorated with Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (SBA-15-BSEA-Fe 3 O 4 -NPs) for Ce(III) ions removal was reported. The SBA-15-BSEA-Fe 3 O 4 -NPs was identified by XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, SEM, FT-IR, VSM, BET and BJH analysis. Central composite design (CCD) was applied to evaluate the main and interactive effects of adsorption variables and optimize the operational parameters. The important variable such as initial pH solution, SBA-15-BSEA-Fe 3 O 4 -NPs mass, shaking time and initial concentration of Ce 3+ ions were studied under batch mode. In desirability concession of 1.0 as optimum value for R% Ce(III) , the level of factors was as follows: shaking time 80min, SBA-15-BSEA-Fe 3 O 4 -NPs mass 0.05g, pH 5 and initial concentration of Ce(III) ions 40mgL -1 . The SBA-15-BSEA-Fe 3 O 4 -NPs exhibited high adsorption efficiency and very good selectivity through cerium removal even in the presence of other ions (La 3+ , Nb 3+ , Er 3+ , Cu 2+ , Cd 2+ , Cr 3+ , and Fe 2+ ions). The SBA-15-BSEA-Fe 3 O 4 -NPs was successfully regenerated and the response was reversible. The R.S.D. of the adsorption process was less than 1.02%. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Templated Growth of Pd Nanoparticles Using Sputtering Deposition Process and Its Catalytic Activities.

PubMed

Eberhardt, Dario; Migowski, Pedro; Teixeira, Sérgio R; Feil, Adriano F

2018-03-01

A simple method based on sputtering deposition of Pd onto mesoporous SiO2 (SBA-15) was employed to produce supported Pd nanoparticles (NPs) that can be used as hydrogenation catalysts. The use of sputtering deposition eliminates contaminants and avoids additional drawbacks of traditional chemical methods applied to prepare heterogeneous supported metal catalysts. A mechanical resonant stirrer was used to revolve the SBA-15 powder and ensure homogeneous distribution of the Pd NPs over the support. The SBA-15 pores act as templates for Pd NPs and drive nanostructure growth. Consequently, the NPs obtained have the same diameter as that of the SBA-15 channels (~5 nm) and elongated particles are formed as sputtering deposition increases. The SBA-15 supported Pd NPs (Pd NPs/SBA-15) were tested in a probe hydrogenation of cyclohexene reaction to evaluate the catalytic activity of the Pd NPs. Turnover frequency (TOF) of 2000 min-1 were achieved with the lower Pd NPs concentration (0.15 wt%) catalyst.

Modeling and Simulation Verification, Validation and Accreditation (VV&A): A New Undertaking for the Exploration Systems Mission Directorate

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Prill, Mark E.

2005-01-01

and Accreditation (VV&A) session audience, a snapshot review of the Exploration Space Mission Directorate s (ESMD) investigation into implementation of a modeling and simulation (M&S) VV&A program. The presentation provides some legacy ESMD reference material, including information on the then-current organizational structure, and M&S (Simulation Based Acquisition (SBA)) focus contained therein, to provide a context for the proposed M&S VV&A approach. This reference material briefly highlights the SBA goals and objectives, and outlines FY05 M&S development and implementation consistent with the Subjective Assessment, Constructive Assessment, Operator-in-the-Loop Assessment, Hardware-in-the-Loop Assessment, and In Service Operations Assessment M&S construct, the NASA Exploration Information Ontology Model (NExIOM) data model, and integration with the Windchill-based Integrated Collaborative Environment (ICE). The presentation then addresses the ESMD team s initial conclusions regarding an M&S VV&A program, summarizes the general VV&A implementation approach anticipated, and outlines some of the recognized VV&A program challenges, all within a broader context of the overarching Integrated Modeling and Simulation (IM&S) environment at both the ESMD and Agency (NASA) levels. The presentation concludes with a status on the current M&S organization s progress to date relative to the recommended IM&S implementation activity. The overall presentation was focused to provide, for the Verification, Validation,

Standards-Based Accountability in South Africa

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Nick

2009-01-01

The implementation of standards-based accountability (SBA) interventions aimed at improving school performance often focuses on the testing component, at the expense of capacity building. This was the case in South Africa when a SBA programme was instituted by government in 2000, which was accompanied by substantial rises in senior certificate…

Using InSAR time series to identify geologic hazards associated with the Hayward and Calaveras faults along the South Bay Aqueduct

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jones, C. E.; Burgmann, R.; Hoirup, D. F., Jr.; Hawkins, B.

2016-12-01

We evaluated Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) data using InSAR time series analysis and documented ground movement along the Calaveras and Hayward faults near the South Bay Aqueduct (SBA). Images from seven different UAVSAR flight lines at 7m x 7m resolution were used for the study. A total of 132 acquisitions (between 12 and 51 per line) were acquired between 2009 and 2015. Each of the seven lines observed only part of the aqueduct, but all segments of the aqueduct were imaged in more than one line with some segments in up to four lines. This provided between one and three imaging geometries for every fault location along the aqueduct. The SBA transports water from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (Delta) to communities east and south of San Francisco Bay through a combination of open canals, tunnels, and pipelines. From its starting point immediately west of the Delta at Bethany Reservoir, the SBA extends westward, crossing multiple faults, including Calaveras and Hayward faults. The aqueduct continues south, largely following the Hayward fault to its terminus east of San Jose. The SBA and associated infrastructure are at risk from landslides and from movement along any of these faults, with the landslides often spatially associated with the faults. We report linear rates of surface movement averaged across the six-year time period, and identify locations experiencing significant movement along the Calaveras and Hayward faults. Aseismic displacement is quantified and mapped for the two faults, including multiple traces of the Calaveras fault extending north and south of where it crosses the SBA. This work was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contracts with the California Dept. of Water Resources and with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

Linking Silica Support Morphology to the Dynamics of Aminopolymers in Composites

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carrillo, Jan-Michael Y.; Potter, Matthew E.; Sakwa-Novak, Miles A.

A combined computational and experimental approach is used to elucidate the effect of silica support morphology on polymer dynamics and CO 2 adsorption capacities in aminopolymer/silica composites. Furthermore, simulations are based on coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of aminopolymer composites where a branched aminopolymer, representing poly(ethylenimine) (PEI), is impregnated into different silica mesoporous supports. The morphology of the mesoporous supports varies from hexagonally packed cylindrical pores representing SBA-15, double gyroids representing KIT-6 and MCM-48, and cagelike structures representing SBA-16. In parallel, composites of PEI and the silica supports SBA-15, KIT-6, MCM-48, and SBA-16 are synthesized and characterized, including measuring their COmore » 2 uptake. Simulations predict that a 3D pore morphology, such as those of KIT-6, MCM-48, and SBA-16, will have faster segmental mobility and have lower probability of primary amine and surface silanol associations, which should translate to higher CO 2 uptake in comparison to a 2D pore morphology such as that of SBA-15. We found that KIT-6 has higher CO 2 uptake than SBA-15 at equivalent PEI loading, even though both supports have similar surface area and pore volume. But, this is not the case for the MCM-48 support, which has smaller pores, and SBA-16, whose pore structure rapidly degrades after PEI impregnation.« less

78 FR 37409 - Small Business Size Standards: Finance and Insurance and Management of Companies and Enterprises

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-20

...The U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) is increasing small business size standards for 36 industries in North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Sector 52, Finance and Insurance, and for two industries in NAICS Sector 55, Management of Companies and Enterprises. In addition, SBA is changing the basis for measuring size from assets to annual receipts for one industry in NAICS Sector 52, namely, NAICS 522293, International Trade Financing. Finally, SBA is deleting NAICS 525930, Real Estate Investment Trusts, from its table of size standards. The U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) included the financial activities formerly included in NAICS 525930 in NAICS 531110, NAICS 531120, NAICS 531130, NAICS 531190, and NAICS 525990. As part of its ongoing comprehensive size standards review, SBA evaluated all receipts based and assets based size standards in NAICS Sectors 52 and 55 to determine whether they should be retained or revised. SBA did not review the 1,500-employee size standard for NAICS 524126, Direct Property and Casualty Insurance Carriers, which it will review in the near future with other employee based size standards. This final rule is one of a series of final rules that will review size standards of industries grouped by NAICS Sectors.

Investigating Teachers' Readiness, Understanding and Workload in Implementing School Based Assessment (SBA)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Samsudin, Norsamsinar; Rengasamy, Premila A/P; Jizat, Jessnor Elmy Mat; Wahid, Hariyaty Ab; Jalil, Norasibah Abdul

2014-01-01

Education is a major catalyst in the development of the country. School Based Assessment (SBA) is a new transformation in Malaysian education that required subject teachers to conduct formative assessment during teaching and learning process according to the procedures by Malaysian Examination Syndicate (MES). Thus, teachers play an important role…

The Promotion of Critical Thinking Skills in School-Based Assessment (SBA)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kamarulzaman, Wirawani; Kamarulzaman, Wirawahida

2016-01-01

The new curriculum introduced in the Malaysian primary students; the Primary School Standard Curriculum (Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah-KSSR) together with the school-based assessment (SBA) is a step taken by the Malaysian government to encourage thinking skills to students, specifically critical thinking skills. The study explores teachers'…

13 CFR 107.507 - Violations based on false filings and nonperformance of agreements with SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Violations based on false filings and nonperformance of agreements with SBA. 107.507 Section 107.507 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Managing the Operations of a Licensee...

Ohio-Based NREL Subcontractor Wins Major Small Business Award

Science.gov Websites

Ohio-Based NREL Subcontractor Wins Major Small Business Award For more information contact: e:mail alternative fuel vehicles has won a major award from the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA). Automotive Testing Laboratories, Inc. (ATL) of East Liberty, Ohio was named the SBA's Midwest Regional Small Business

13 CFR 108.507 - Violations based on false filings and nonperformance of agreements with SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Violations based on false filings and nonperformance of agreements with SBA. 108.507 Section 108.507 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NEW MARKETS VENTURE CAPITAL (âNMVCâ) PROGRAM Managing the Operations of a...

Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by laccase from Trametes versicolor covalently immobilized on amino-functionalized SBA-15.

PubMed

Bautista, Luis Fernando; Morales, Gabriel; Sanz, Raquel

2015-10-01

A covalent immobilization method based on glutaraldehyde and amino-functionalized SBA-15 supports has been successfully applied to covalently and stably immobilize laccase from Trametes versicolor. The resultant biocatalysts displayed high incorporation yields of enzyme and led to excellent biodegradation rates of selected HPAs models, i.e. naphthalene, phenanthrene and anthracene, in water. The nature of the hydrocarbon chain accompanying the amino group has been shown as determinant for the immobilization as well as for the activity and reusability of the materials. Thus, alkyl moieties displayed higher enzyme loadings than phenyl moieties, being more adequate the larger n-butyl tethering residue likely due to its higher mobility. Using the aminobutyl-based laccase-SBA-15, 82%, 73%, and 55% conversion of naphthalene, phenanthrene and anthracene, respectively, were achieved after 48 h, very close to the values obtained with free laccase under the same reaction conditions. On the other hand, aminopropyl-based laccase-SBA-15 biocatalysts displayed the best reusability properties, retaining higher activity after four repeated uses than the corresponding aminobutyl-based materials. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A biomimetic nano hybrid coating based on the lotus effect and its anti-biofouling behaviors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Jiang; Wang, Guoqing; Meng, Qinghua; Ding, Chunhua; Jiang, Hong; Fang, Yongzeng

2014-10-01

To develop an environmentally friendly anti-biofouling coating in virtue of bionics, a block copolymer containing fluorine (Coplm_F) of low surface energy was prepared by copolymerization. The Ag-loaded mesoporous silica (Ag@SBA) acting as a controlled-release antifoulant was prepared from the mesoporous silica (SBA-15). The nano hybrid coating (Ag@SBA/Coplm_F) composing of the Coplm_F and Ag@SBA was to biomimetically simulate the lotus microstructure. The concentration of fluorine element on surface was analyzed by the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and found rising to 1.45% after hybridation, which could be explained by the driving effect of SBA-15 via the hydrogen bond. This nanoscale morphology of the hybrid coating was measured and found highly semblable to the microstructure of the lotus surface. The contact angle was determined as 151° which confirmed the superhydrophobicity and lotus effect. The adhesion behaviors of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Diatoms, and Chlorella on the surface of the nano hybrid coating (Ag@SBA/Coplm_F) were studied and good effects of anti-biofouling were observed.

Heteroaryldihydropyrimidine (HAP) and Sulfamoylbenzamide (SBA) Inhibit Hepatitis B Virus Replication by Different Molecular Mechanisms

PubMed Central

Zhou, Zheng; Hu, Taishan; Zhou, Xue; Wildum, Steffen; Garcia-Alcalde, Fernando; Xu, Zhiheng; Wu, Daitze; Mao, Yi; Tian, Xiaojun; Zhou, Yuan; Shen, Fang; Zhang, Zhisen; Tang, Guozhi; Najera, Isabel; Yang, Guang; Shen, Hong C.; Young, John A. T.; Qin, Ning

2017-01-01

Heteroaryldihydropyrimidine (HAP) and sulfamoylbenzamide (SBA) are promising non-nucleos(t)ide HBV replication inhibitors. HAPs are known to promote core protein mis-assembly, but the molecular mechanism of abnormal assembly is still elusive. Likewise, the assembly status of core protein induced by SBA remains unknown. Here we show that SBA, unlike HAP, does not promote core protein mis-assembly. Interestingly, two reference compounds HAP_R01 and SBA_R01 bind to the same pocket at the dimer-dimer interface in the crystal structures of core protein Y132A hexamer. The striking difference lies in a unique hydrophobic subpocket that is occupied by the thiazole group of HAP_R01, but is unperturbed by SBA_R01. Photoaffinity labeling confirms the HAP_R01 binding pose at the dimer-dimer interface on capsid and suggests a new mechanism of HAP-induced mis-assembly. Based on the common features in crystal structures we predict that T33 mutations generate similar susceptibility changes to both compounds. In contrast, mutations at positions in close contact with HAP-specific groups (P25A, P25S, or V124F) only reduce susceptibility to HAP_R01, but not to SBA_R01. Thus, HAP and SBA are likely to have distinctive resistance profiles. Notably, P25S and V124F substitutions exist in low-abundance quasispecies in treatment-naïve patients, suggesting potential clinical relevance. PMID:28205569

Selective synthesis of vitamin K3 over mesoporous NbSBA-15 catalysts synthesized by an efficient hydrothermal method.

PubMed

Selvaraj, M; Park, D-W; Kim, I; Kawi, S; Ha, C S

2012-08-28

Well hexagonally ordered NbSBA-15 catalysts synthesized by an efficient hydrothermal method were used, for the first time, for the selective synthesis of vitamin K(3) by liquid-phase oxidation of 2-methyl-1-naphthol (2MN1-OH) under various reaction conditions. The recyclable NbSBA-15 catalysts were also reused to find their catalytic activities. To investigate the leaching of non-framework niobium species on the surface of silica networks, the results of original and recyclable NbSBA-15 catalysts were correlated and compared. To find an optimum condition for the selective synthesis of vitamin K(3), the washed NbSBA-15(2.2pH) was extensively used in this reaction with various reaction parameters such as temperature, time and ratios of reactant (2M1N-OH to H(2)O(2)), and the obtained results were also demonstrated. Additionally, the liquid-phase oxidation of 2M1N-OH was carried out with different solvents to find the best solvent with a good catalytic activity. Based on the all catalytic studies, the vitamin K(3) selectivity (97.3%) is higher in NbSBA-15(2.2pH) than that of other NbSBA-15 catalysts, and the NbSBA-15(2.2pH) is found to be a highly active and eco-friendly heterogeneous catalyst for the selective synthesis of vitamin K(3).

A Reliability and Validity of an Instrument to Evaluate the School-Based Assessment System: A Pilot Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ghazali, Nor Hasnida Md

2016-01-01

A valid, reliable and practical instrument is needed to evaluate the implementation of the school-based assessment (SBA) system. The aim of this study is to develop and assess the validity and reliability of an instrument to measure the perception of teachers towards the SBA implementation in schools. The instrument is developed based on a…

Effects of measurement method and transcript availability on inexperienced raters' stuttering frequency scores.

PubMed

Chakraborty, Nalanda; Logan, Kenneth J

To examine the effects of measurement method and transcript availability on the accuracy, reliability, and efficiency of inexperienced raters' stuttering frequency measurements. 44 adults, all inexperienced at evaluating stuttered speech, underwent 20 min of preliminary training in stuttering measurement and then analyzed a series of sentences, with and without access to transcripts of sentence stimuli, using either a syllable-based analysis (SBA) or an utterance-based analysis (UBA). Participants' analyses were compared between groups and to a composite analysis from two experienced evaluators. Stuttering frequency scores from the SBA and UBA groups differed significantly from the experienced evaluators' scores; however, UBA scores were significantly closer to the experienced evaluators' scores and were completed significantly faster than the SBA scores. Transcript availability facilitated scoring accuracy and efficiency in both groups. The internal reliability of stuttering frequency scores was acceptable for the SBA and UBA groups; however, the SBA group demonstrated only modest point-by-point agreement with ratings from the experienced evaluators. Given its accuracy and efficiency advantages over syllable-based analysis, utterance-based fluency analysis appears to be an appropriate context for introducing stuttering frequency measurement to raters who have limited experience in stuttering measurement. To address accuracy gaps between experienced and inexperienced raters, however, use of either analysis must be supplemented with training activities that expose inexperienced raters to the decision-making processes used by experienced raters when identifying stuttered syllables. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Enhanced CO2 adsorptive performance of PEI/SBA-15 adsorbent using phosphate ester based surfactants as additives.

PubMed

Cheng, Dandan; Liu, Yue; Wang, Haiqiang; Weng, Xiaole; Wu, Zhongbiao

2015-12-01

In this study, a series of polyetherimide/SBA-15: 2-D hexagonal P6mm, Santa Barbara USA (PEI/SBA-15) adsorbents modified by phosphoric ester based surfactants (including tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEP), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (BEP) and trimethyl phosphonoacetate (TMPA)) were prepared for CO2 adsorption. Experimental results indicated that the addition of TEP and BEP had positive effects on CO2 adsorption capacity over PEI/SBA-15. In particular, the CO2 adsorption amount could be improved by around 20% for 45PEI-5TEP/SBA-15 compared to the additive-free adsorbent. This could be attributed to the decrease of CO2 diffusion resistance in the PEI bulk network due to the interactions between TEP and loaded PEI molecules, which was further confirmed by adsorption kinetics results. In addition, it was also found that the cyclic performance of the TEP-modified adsorbent was better than the surfactant-free one. This could be due to two main reasons, based on the results of in situ DRIFT and TG-DSC tests. First and more importantly, adsorbed CO2 species could be desorbed more rapidly over TEP-modified adsorbent during the thermal desorption process. Furthermore, the enhanced thermal stability after TEP addition ensured lower degradation of amine groups during adsorption/desorption cycles. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Predicting Teachers' Intentions to Implement School-Based Assessment Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yan, Zi

2014-01-01

The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) was used to explore the Hong Kong teachers' intentions to implement school-based assessment (SBA) and the predictors of those intentions. A total of 280 teachers from Hong Kong secondary schools who had been involved in SBA were surveyed. Rasch-calibrated teacher measures were calculated for each of the 6…

Whatever Happened to School-Based Assessment in England's GCSEs and A Levels?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Opposs, Dennis

2016-01-01

For the past 30 years, school-based assessment (SBA) has been a major feature of GCSEs and A levels, the main school examinations in England. SBA has allowed teachers to allocate marks to their students for the level of skills that they show in their work. Such skills include for example, experimental techniques in science, performance in drama…

Highly Dispersed and Active ReOx on Alumina-Modified SBA-15 Silica for 2-Butanol Dehydration

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

She, Xiaoyan; Kwak, Ja Hun; Sun, Junming

2012-05-23

SBA-15 silica supported rhenium catalysts were synthesized using solution-based atomic layer deposition method, and their activity and stability were studied in the acid-catalyzed 2-butanol dehydration. We find that ReOx/SBA-15 exhibited an extremely high initial activity but a fast deactivation for 2-butanol dehydration at 90-105 C. Fast deactivation was likely due to the sintering, sublimation, and reduction of rhenia as confirmed by TEM, elemental analysis, and in situ UV vis (DRS) measurements. To overcome these issues, ReOx/AlOx/SBA-15 catalysts with significantly improved stability were prepared by first modifying the surface identity of SBA-15 with alumina followed by dispersion of rhenia using atomicmore » layer deposition. The AlOx phase stabilizes the dispersion of small and uniform rhenia clusters (<2 nm) as as confirmed by TEM, STEM and UV-vis (DRS) characterizations. Additional 27Al MAS NMR characterization revealed that modification of the SBA-15 surface with alumina introduces a strong interaction between rhenia and alumina, which consequently improves the stability of supported rhenia catalysts by suppressing the sintering, sublimation, and reduction of rhenia albeit at a moderately reduced initial catalytic dehydration activity« less

The Sequencing Bead Array (SBA), a Next-Generation Digital Suspension Array

PubMed Central

Akhras, Michael S.; Pettersson, Erik; Diamond, Lisa; Unemo, Magnus; Okamoto, Jennifer; Davis, Ronald W.; Pourmand, Nader

2013-01-01

Here we describe the novel Sequencing Bead Array (SBA), a complete assay for molecular diagnostics and typing applications. SBA is a digital suspension array using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), to replace conventional optical readout platforms. The technology allows for reducing the number of instruments required in a laboratory setting, where the same NGS instrument could be employed from whole-genome and targeted sequencing to SBA broad-range biomarker detection and genotyping. As proof-of-concept, a model assay was designed that could distinguish ten Human Papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes associated with cervical cancer progression. SBA was used to genotype 20 cervical tumor samples and, when compared with amplicon pyrosequencing, was able to detect two additional co-infections due to increased sensitivity. We also introduce in-house software Sphix, enabling easy accessibility and interpretation of results. The technology offers a multi-parallel, rapid, robust, and scalable system that is readily adaptable for a multitude of microarray diagnostic and typing applications, e.g. genetic signatures, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), structural variations, and immunoassays. SBA has the potential to dramatically change the way we perform probe-based applications, and allow for a smooth transition towards the technology offered by genomic sequencing. PMID:24116138

Grafted chromium 13-membered dioxo-macrocyclic complex into aminopropyl-based nanoporous SBA-15

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tarlani, Aliakbar; Joharian, Monika; Narimani, Khashayar; Muzart, Jacques; Fallah, Mahtab

2013-07-01

In a new approach, chromium (III) tetraaza dioxo ligand was grafted onto functionalized SBA-15 after four step reactions by using coordinating ability of anchored amino functionalized SBA-15. After the termination of each step, the obtained product was characterized by FT-IR, low-angle X-ray diffraction (LA-XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)-Barret-Joyner-Halenda (BJH)) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and used as catalyst for the efficient and regioselective alcoholysis of styrene oxide to 2-alkoxy-1-phenylethanol product at ambient temperature.

SBA-15 Mesoporous Silica as Catalytic Support for Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts—Review

PubMed Central

Huirache-Acuña, Rafael; Nava, Rufino; Peza-Ledesma, Carmen L.; Lara-Romero, Javier; Alonso-Núñez, Gabriel; Pawelec, Barbara; Rivera-Muñoz, Eric M.

2013-01-01

SBA-15 is an interesting mesoporous silica material having highly ordered nanopores and a large surface area, which is widely employed as catalyst supports, absorbents, drug delivery materials, etc. Since it has a lack of functionality, heteroatoms and organic functional groups have been incorporated by direct or post-synthesis methods in order to modify their functionality. The aim of this article is to review the state-of-the-art related to the use of SBA-15-based mesoporous systems as supports for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts. PMID:28788323

Enhancement of Ag-Based Plasmonic Photocatalysis in Hydrogen Production from Ammonia Borane by the Assistance of Single-Site Ti-Oxide Moieties within a Silica Framework.

PubMed

Verma, Priyanka; Kuwahara, Yasutaka; Mori, Kohsuke; Yamashita, Hiromi

2017-03-13

Ag nanoparticles (NPs) have gained great attention owing to their interesting plasmonic properties and efficient catalysis under visible-light irradiation. In this study, an Ag-based plasmonic catalyst supported on mesoporous silica with isolated and tetrahedrally coordinated single-site Ti-oxide moieties, namely, Ag/Ti-SBA-15, was designed with the purpose of utilizing the broad spectral range of solar energy. The Ti-SBA-15 support allows the deposition of small Ag NPs with a narrow size distribution. The chemical structure, morphology, and optical properties of the prepared catalyst were characterized by techniques such as UV/Vis, FT extended X-ray absorption fine structure, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field-emission SEM, TEM, and N 2 physisorption studies. The catalytic activity of Ag/Ti-SBA-15 in hydrogen production from ammonia borane by hydrolysis was significantly enhanced in comparison with Ag/SBA-15 without Ti-oxide moieties and Ag/TiO 2 /SBA-15 involving agglomerated TiO 2 , both in the dark and under light irradiation. Improved electron transfer under light irradiation caused by the creation of heterojunctions between Ag NPs and Ti-oxide moieties explains the results obtained in the present study. © 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

13 CFR 120.434 - What are SBA's requirements for loan pledges?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... satisfactory SBA performance, as determined by SBA in its discretion. The Lender's Risk Rating, among other factors, will be considered in determining satisfactory SBA performance. Other factors may include, but...); (d) All loan documents must be satisfactory to SBA and must include a multi-party agreement among SBA...

Organically functionalized mesoporous SBA-15 as sorbents for removal of selected pharmaceuticals from water.

PubMed

Bui, Tung Xuan; Kang, Seo-Young; Lee, Sang-Hyup; Choi, Heechul

2011-10-15

Mesoporous silica SBA-15 and its postfunctionalized counterparts with hydroxymethyl (HM-SBA-15), aminopropyl (AP-SBA-15), and trimethylsilyl (TMS-SBA-15) were prepared and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, N(2) adsorption-desorption measurement, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The removal of a mixture of 12 selected pharmaceuticals was investigated by batch adsorption experiments onto SBA-15 and the grafted materials. SBA-15 showed to have moderate adsorption affinity with amino-containing (atenolol, trimethoprim) and hydrophobic pharmaceuticals, but it displayed minimal adsorption affinity toward hydrophilic compounds. HM-SBA-15 was analogous with SBA-15 in terms of the adsorption efficiency toward all pharmaceuticals. AP-SBA-15 exhibited an increase in the adsorption of two acidic compounds (clofibric acid, diclofenac) but a decrease in the adsorption of estrone and the two amino-containing compounds. Among the grafted materials, TMS-SBA-15 had the highest adsorption affinity toward most pharmaceuticals. Moreover, the adsorption of nine pharmaceuticals to TMS-SBA-15 was significantly higher than that to SBA-15; seven of which showed the removal percentages from 70.6% to 98.9% onto TMS-SBA-15. The number of pharmaceuticals showing high adsorption efficiency onto TMS-SBA-15 did not alter significantly as the pH changed in the range of 5.5-7.6. The results suggest that TMS-SBA-15 is a promising material for the removal of pharmaceuticals from aqueous phase, especially for the treatment of wastewater from drug manufacturers. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

13 CFR 120.1400 - Grounds for enforcement actions-SBA Lenders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Grounds for enforcement actions-SBA Lenders. 120.1400 Section 120.1400 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Risk-Based Lender Oversight Enforcement Actions § 120.1400 Grounds for enforcement actions...

13 CFR 120.463 - Regulatory accounting-What are SBA's regulatory accounting requirements for SBA Supervised Lenders?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Regulatory accounting-What are SBA's regulatory accounting requirements for SBA Supervised Lenders? 120.463 Section 120.463 Business....463 Regulatory accounting—What are SBA's regulatory accounting requirements for SBA Supervised Lenders...

13 CFR 120.463 - Regulatory accounting-What are SBA's regulatory accounting requirements for SBA Supervised Lenders?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Regulatory accounting-What are SBA's regulatory accounting requirements for SBA Supervised Lenders? 120.463 Section 120.463 Business....463 Regulatory accounting—What are SBA's regulatory accounting requirements for SBA Supervised Lenders...

13 CFR 120.463 - Regulatory accounting-What are SBA's regulatory accounting requirements for SBA Supervised Lenders?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Regulatory accounting-What are SBA's regulatory accounting requirements for SBA Supervised Lenders? 120.463 Section 120.463 Business....463 Regulatory accounting—What are SBA's regulatory accounting requirements for SBA Supervised Lenders...

13 CFR 120.463 - Regulatory accounting-What are SBA's regulatory accounting requirements for SBA Supervised Lenders?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Regulatory accounting-What are SBA's regulatory accounting requirements for SBA Supervised Lenders? 120.463 Section 120.463 Business....463 Regulatory accounting—What are SBA's regulatory accounting requirements for SBA Supervised Lenders...

13 CFR 120.1722 - SBA's offset rights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false SBA's offset rights. 120.1722... of SBA Secondary Market Guarantee Program for First Lien Position 504 Loan Pools § 120.1722 SBA's offset rights. SBA shall have the right to offset any amount owed by Lender to SBA, including, without...

Silica-Silver Nanocomposites as Regenerable Sorbents for Hg0 Removal from Flue Gases.

PubMed

Cao, Tiantian; Li, Zhen; Xiong, Yong; Yang, Yue; Xu, Shengming; Bisson, Teresa; Gupta, Rajender; Xu, Zhenghe

2017-10-17

Silica-silver nanocomposites (Ag-SBA-15) are a novel class of multifunctional materials with potential applications as sorbents, catalysts, sensors, and disinfectants. In this work, an innovative yet simple and robust method of depositing silver nanoparticles on a mesoporous silica (SBA-15) was developed. The synthesized Ag-SBA-15 was found to achieve a complete capture of Hg 0 at temperatures up to 200 °C. Silver nanoparticles on the SBA-15 were shown to be the critical active sites for the capture of Hg 0 by the Ag-Hg 0 amalgamation mechanism. An Hg 0 capture capacity as high as 13.2 mg·g -1 was achieved by Ag(10)-SBA-15, which is much higher than that achievable by existing Ag-based sorbents and comparable with that achieved by commercial activated carbon. Even after exposure to more complex simulated flue gas flow for 1 h, the Ag(10)-SBA-15 could still achieve an Hg 0 removal efficiency as high as 91.6% with a Hg 0 capture capacity of 457.3 μg·g -1 . More importantly, the spent sorbent could be effectively regenerated and reused without noticeable performance degradation over five cycles. The excellent Hg 0 removal efficiency combined with a simple synthesis procedure, strong tolerance to complex flue gas environment, great thermal stability, and outstanding regeneration capability make the Ag-SBA-15 a promising sorbent for practical applications to Hg 0 capture from coal-fired flue gases.

Highly stable and regenerable Mn-based/SBA-15 sorbents for desulfurization of hot coal gas.

PubMed

Zhang, F M; Liu, B S; Zhang, Y; Guo, Y H; Wan, Z Y; Subhan, Fazle

2012-09-30

A series of mesoporous xCuyMn/SBA-15 sorbents with different Cu/Mn atomic ratios were prepared by wet impregnation method and their desulfurization performance in hot coal gas was investigated in a fixed-bed quartz reactor in the range of 700-850°C. The successive nine desulfurization-regeneration cycles at 800°C revealed that 1Cu9Mn/SBA-15 presented high performance with durable regeneration ability due to the high dispersion of Mn(2)O(3) particles incorporated with a certain amount of copper oxides. The breakthrough sulfur capacity of 1Cu9Mn/SBA-15 observed 800°C is 13.8 g S/100g sorbents, which is remarkably higher than these of 40 wt%LaFeO(3)/SBA-15 (4.8 g S/100g sorbents) and 50 wt%LaFe(2)O(x)/MCM-41 (5.58 g S/100g sorbents) used only at 500-550°C. This suggested that the loading of Mn(2)O(3) active species with high thermal stability to SBA-15 support significantly increased sulfur capacity at relatively higher sulfidation temperature. The fresh and used xCuyMn/SBA-15 sorbents were characterized by means of BET, XRD, XPS, XAES, TG/DSC and HRTEM techniques, confirmed that the structure of the sorbents remained intact before and after hot coal gas desulfurization. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The effect of the distance between acidic site and basic site immobilized on mesoporous solid on the activity in catalyzing aldol condensation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, Xiaofang; Yu, Xiaobo; Wu, Shujie; Liu, Bo; Liu, Heng; Guan, Jingqi; Kan, Qiubin

2011-02-01

Acid-base bifunctional heterogeneous catalysts containing carboxylic and amine groups, which were immobilized at defined distance from one another on the mesoporous solid were synthesized by immobilizing lysine onto carboxyl-SBA-15. The obtained materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N 2 adsorption, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron micrographs (SEM), transmission electron micrographs (TEM), elemental analysis, and back titration. Proximal-C-A-SBA-15 with a proximal acid-base distance was more active than maximum-C-A-SBA-15 with a maximum acid-base distance in aldol condensation reaction between acetone and various aldehydes. It appears that the distance between acidic site and basic site immobilized on mesoporous solid should be an essential factor for catalysis optimization.

Quantitative analysis of flavanones from citrus fruits by using mesoporous molecular sieve-based miniaturized solid phase extraction coupled to ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

PubMed

Cao, Wan; Ye, Li-Hong; Cao, Jun; Xu, Jing-Jing; Peng, Li-Qing; Zhu, Qiong-Yao; Zhang, Qian-Yun; Hu, Shuai-Shuai

2015-08-07

An analytical procedure based on miniaturized solid phase extraction (SPE) and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry was developed and validated for determination of six flavanones in Citrus fruits. The mesoporous molecular sieve SBA-15 as a solid sorbent was characterised by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, compared with reported extraction techniques, the mesoporous SBA-15 based SPE method possessed the advantages of shorter analysis time and higher sensitivity. Furthermore, considering the different nature of the tested compounds, all of the parameters, including the SBA-15 amount, solution pH, elution solvent, and the sorbent type, were investigated in detail. Under the optimum condition, the instrumental detection and quantitation limits calculated were less than 4.26 and 14.29ngmL(-1), respectively. The recoveries obtained for all the analytes were ranging from 89.22% to 103.46%. The experimental results suggested that SBA-15 was a promising material for the purification and enrichment of target flavanones from complex citrus fruit samples. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Future Combat Systems Use of M&S for T&E

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-03-13

providing M &S for both SBA and objective operations. M &S WG Subgroup (EMS) IS&T SSEI / C4ISR / NSI Network Analysis & Modeling SoS Analysis 3CE MSO M &S...IPTs & OTPs Inter-CoP grid M &S Enterprise Management- SSEI / LRR Modeling and Simulation Implementation Strategy Approved for public release...Future Combat Systems Use of M &S for T&E DoD Modeling and Simulation Conference Acquisition and T&E M &S Practitioners Panel Phil Zimmerman, FCS M &S

Preparation and evaluation of aminopropyl-functionalized manganese-loaded SBA-15 for copper removal from aqueous solution.

PubMed

Lei, Di; Zheng, Qianwen; Wang, Yili; Wang, Hongjie

2015-02-01

A novel material, aminopropyl-functionalized manganese-loaded SBA-15 (NH2-Mn-SBA-15), was synthesized by bonding 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTMS) onto manganese-loaded SBA-15 (Mn-SBA-15) and used as a Cu2+ adsorbent in aqueous solution. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction spectra (XRD), N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, high resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the NH2-Mn-SBA-15. The ordered mesoporous structure of SBA-15 was remained after modification. The manganese oxides were mainly loaded on the internal surface of the pore channels while the aminopropyl groups were mainly anchored on the external surface of SBA-15. The adsorption of Cu2+ on NH2-Mn-SBA-15 was fitted well by the Langmuir equation and the maximum adsorption capacity of NH2-Mn-SBA-15 for Cu2+ was over two times higher than that of Mn-SBA-15 under the same conditions. The Elovich equation gave a good fit for the adsorption process of Cu2+ by NH2-Mn-SBA-15 and Mn-SBA-15. Both the loaded manganese oxides and the anchored aminopropyl groups were found to contribute to the uptake of Cu2+. The NH2-Mn-SBA-15 showed high selectivity for copper ions. Consecutive adsorption-desorption experiments showed that the NH2-Mn-SBA-15 could be regenerated by acid treatment without altering its properties. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier B.V.

13 CFR 120.1600 - General procedures for enforcement actions against SBA Lenders, SBA Supervised Lenders, Other...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false General procedures for enforcement... Persons, Intermediaries, and NTAPs. 120.1600 Section 120.1600 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Risk-Based Lender Oversight Enforcement Actions § 120.1600 General...

77 FR 58747 - Small Business Size Standards: Real Estate and Rental and Leasing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-24

... anchor size standards is appropriate in the current economy; whether there are gaps in SBA's methodology... independent agent), employee based costs (such as wages and payroll taxes), and material costs. For SBA's size... Estate and Rental and Leasing AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY...

13 CFR 120.101 - Credit not available elsewhere.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... available on reasonable terms from non-Federal sources. SBA requires the Lender or CDC to certify or... periods of time. Submission of an application to SBA by a Lender or CDC constitutes certification by the Lender or CDC that it has examined the availability of credit to the applicant, has based its...

13 CFR 120.101 - Credit not available elsewhere.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... available on reasonable terms from non-Federal sources. SBA requires the Lender or CDC to certify or... periods of time. Submission of an application to SBA by a Lender or CDC constitutes certification by the Lender or CDC that it has examined the availability of credit to the applicant, has based its...

13 CFR 120.101 - Credit not available elsewhere.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... available on reasonable terms from non-Federal sources. SBA requires the Lender or CDC to certify or... periods of time. Submission of an application to SBA by a Lender or CDC constitutes certification by the Lender or CDC that it has examined the availability of credit to the applicant, has based its...

13 CFR 120.101 - Credit not available elsewhere.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... available on reasonable terms from non-Federal sources. SBA requires the Lender or CDC to certify or... periods of time. Submission of an application to SBA by a Lender or CDC constitutes certification by the Lender or CDC that it has examined the availability of credit to the applicant, has based its...

13 CFR 120.101 - Credit not available elsewhere.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... available on reasonable terms from non-Federal sources. SBA requires the Lender or CDC to certify or... periods of time. Submission of an application to SBA by a Lender or CDC constitutes certification by the Lender or CDC that it has examined the availability of credit to the applicant, has based its...

13 CFR 106.203 - What provisions must be set forth in a Cosponsorship Agreement?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... ADMINISTRATION COSPONSORSHIPS, FEE AND NON-FEE BASED SBA-SPONSORED ACTIVITIES AND GIFTS Cosponsored Activities... contribution(s) (including but not limited to cash, in-kind, Gifts, and Participant Fees) that the SBA and each Cosponsor will make to the Cosponsored Activity; and (2) A reasonable estimation of all anticipated expenses...

GOES-R GS Product Generation Infrastructure Operations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Blanton, M.; Gundy, J.

2012-12-01

GOES-R GS Product Generation Infrastructure Operations: The GOES-R Ground System (GS) will produce a much larger set of products with higher data density than previous GOES systems. This requires considerably greater compute and memory resources to achieve the necessary latency and availability for these products. Over time, new algorithms could be added and existing ones removed or updated, but the GOES-R GS cannot go down during this time. To meet these GOES-R GS processing needs, the Harris Corporation will implement a Product Generation (PG) infrastructure that is scalable, extensible, extendable, modular and reliable. The primary parts of the PG infrastructure are the Service Based Architecture (SBA), which includes the Distributed Data Fabric (DDF). The SBA is the middleware that encapsulates and manages science algorithms that generate products. The SBA is divided into three parts, the Executive, which manages and configures the algorithm as a service, the Dispatcher, which provides data to the algorithm, and the Strategy, which determines when the algorithm can execute with the available data. The SBA is a distributed architecture, with services connected to each other over a compute grid and is highly scalable. This plug-and-play architecture allows algorithms to be added, removed, or updated without affecting any other services or software currently running and producing data. Algorithms require product data from other algorithms, so a scalable and reliable messaging is necessary. The SBA uses the DDF to provide this data communication layer between algorithms. The DDF provides an abstract interface over a distributed and persistent multi-layered storage system (memory based caching above disk-based storage) and an event system that allows algorithm services to know when data is available and to get the data that they need to begin processing when they need it. Together, the SBA and the DDF provide a flexible, high performance architecture that can meet the needs of product processing now and as they grow in the future.

Encapsulation of mangiferin in ordered mesoporous silica type SBA-15: synthesis and characterization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pontes Silva, Cássia Roberta; da Rocha Ferreira, Fabricia; Dresch Webler, Geovana; Osimar Sousa da Silva, Antônio; Caxico de Abreu, Fabiane; Fonseca, Eduardo J. S.

2017-06-01

SBA-15 ordered mesoporous silica were synthesized using the method reported by Zhao et al (1998 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120 6024-36). The goal of this work is to study the encapsulation of mangiferin (MGN) into porous SBA-15. SBA-MGN composites were obtained from a mixture of SBA-15 and MGN. The structures of these materials were analyzed using different characterization techniques: differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), N2 adsorption-desorption measurement, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), absorbance spectra and electrochemical assay. The isotherms of the adsorption/desorption for SBA-15 and SBA-MGN are type IV, showing that the ordered mesoporous structure of SBA-15 was maintained even after the incorporation of MGN. The decrease in the value of the specific surface area and the reduction in pore volume confirmed the incorporation of MGN at the surface and in the pores of SBA-15. The incorporation of MGN in SBA-15 aims to increase the solubility of mangiferin.

Templated synthesis of highly ordered mesoporous cobalt ferrite and its microwave absorption properties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Guo-Min; Wang, Lian-Cheng; Xu, Yao

2014-08-01

Based on the nanocasting strategy, highly ordered mesoporous CoFe2O4 is synthesized via the ‘two-solvent’ impregnation method using a mesoporous SBA-15 template. An ordered two-dimensional (P6mm) structure is preserved for the CoFe2O4/SBA-15 composite after the nanocasting. After the SBA-15 template is dissolved by NaOH solution, a mesoporous structure composed of aligned nanoparticles can be obtained, and the P6mm structure of the parent SBA-15 is preserved. With a high specific surface area (above 90 m2/g) and ferromagnetic behavior, the obtained material shows potential in light weight microwave absorption application. The minimum reflection loss (RL) can reach -18 dB at about 16 GHz with a thickness of 2 mm and the corresponding absorption bandwidth is 4.5 GHz.

Functionalized iron oxide/SBA-15 sorbent: investigation of adsorption performance towards glyphosate herbicide.

PubMed

Rivoira, Luca; Appendini, Marta; Fiorilli, Sonia; Onida, Barbara; Del Bubba, Massimo; Bruzzoniti, Maria Concetta

2016-11-01

Glyphosate is a worldwide-used herbicide occurring in many monitoring campaigns. Efficient technologies are currently unavailable for glyphosate removal from waters. In this work, a SBA-15 mesoporous silica-based material (Fe-NH 2 -SBA-15) was synthesized and studied for the adsorption of glyphosate from waters. In order to promote specific interactions between the sorbent and glyphosate via phosphoric group, iron oxide nanoparticles were encapsulated and a surface functionalization with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane was accomplished. The adsorption of glyphosate on Fe-NH 2 -SBA-15 was investigated as a function of (i) pH, (ii) ionic strength (I), and (iii) adsorbate to adsorbent ratio (C), using a two-level, three-factor experimental design. The experimental design allowed for understanding the effect of the abovementioned variables and for proposing experimental conditions for quantitative removal (pH = 2.1, I = 1⋅10 -2  M and C = 0.35) under both batch and dynamic conditions. Interaction mechanism between glyphosate and Fe-NH 2 -SBA-15 sorbent was elucidated by studying the adsorption behavior of sorbents derived from the intermediate stages of synthesis and by desorption tests. Fe-NH 2 -SBA-15 sorbent can be quantitatively regenerated by 12.5 mM NaOH, and can be reused at least for five adsorption/desorption cycles. Quantitative removal of glyphosate from inlet and effluent wastewaters from a wastewater treatment plant is shown.

13 CFR 120.473 - Procedures for determining individual minimum capital requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...) Decision. After the close of the SBLC's response period, the AA/CA will decide, based on a review of SBA... requirement by the specified date, either the SBLC or the AA/CA may propose to the other a change in the... determining individual minimum capital requirement. (a) Notice. When SBA determines that an individual minimum...

13 CFR 121.702 - What size and eligibility standards are applicable to the SBIR and STTR programs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... concern's voting equity. However, SBA may find a concern an affiliate of an individual, concern, or entity... circumstances. If no individual, concern, or entity is found to control, SBA will deem the Board of Directors to... to avoid a finding of affiliation. (3) Affiliation based on common management. Affiliation arises...

13 CFR 120.462 - What are SBA's additional requirements on capital maintenance for SBA Supervised Lenders?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

.... The board of directors (or management, if the SBA Supervised Lender is a division of another company... adequacy goals; that is, the total amount of capital needed to assure the SBA Supervised Lender's continued... in developing the SBA Supervised Lender's capital adequacy plan: (i) Management capability; (ii...

13 CFR 120.1721 - SBA's right to investigate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false SBA's right to investigate. 120... Establishment of SBA Secondary Market Guarantee Program for First Lien Position 504 Loan Pools § 120.1721 SBA's right to investigate. SBA may undertake such investigation as it deems necessary to determine whether it...

Metal-loaded SBA-16-like silica - Correlation between basicity and affinity towards hydrogen

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ouargli-Saker, R.; Bouazizi, N.; Boukoussa, B.; Barrimo, Diana; Paola-Nunes-Beltrao, Ana-.; Azzouz, A.

2017-07-01

Nanoparticles of Cuo (CuNPs) and Feo (FeNPs) were dispersed in SBA-16-like silica, resulting metal-loaded materials (Cu-SBA-16 and Fe-SBA-16) with improved affinity towards hydrogen. Electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed that MNP dispersion occurs mainly inside SBA-16 channels. MNP incorporation was found to confer affinity to the silica surface, since higher CO2 retention capacity (CRC) was registered Cu/SBA-16 and Fe/SBA-16. This was accompanied by a significant improvement of the affinity towards hydrogen, as supported by hydrogen adsorption tests. This was explained in terms of strong hydrogen interaction with MNP and lattice oxygen atoms. The results reported herein open new prospects for SBA-16 as potential adsorbents for hydrogen storage.

13 CFR 125.6 - Prime contractor performance requirements (limitations on subcontracting).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Register notice. (4) Decision. SBA will render its decision after the close of the comment period. If SBA decides against a change, SBA will publish notice of its decision in the Federal Register. Concurrent with the notice, SBA will advise the requester of its decision in writing. If SBA decides in favor of a...

13 CFR 114.102 - When, where and how do I present a claim?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Office nearest to the site of the action giving rise to the claim and within the same state as the site. If your claim is based on the acts or omissions of an employee of SBA's Disaster Assistance Program, you may present your claim either to the appropriate SBA District Office or to the Disaster Assistance...

13 CFR 123.412 - What happens if SBA declines your business' pre-disaster mitigation loan request?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What happens if SBA declines your...' loan request, SBA will notify your business in writing giving specific reasons for decline. If your business disagrees with SBA's decision, it may respond in accordance with § 123.13. If SBA reverses its...

Subareolar breast abscess in male patients: a report of two patients with a literature review.

PubMed

Kazama, Takashi; Tabei, Isao; Sekine, Chikako; Funamizu, Naotake; Onda, Shinji; Okamoto, Tomoyoshi; Takeyama, Hiroshi; Morikawa, Toshiaki

2017-12-19

Subareolar breast abscess (SBA) is a rare infectious disease of the breast in male patients. Herein, we report two male patients with SBA. Patient 1 was initially diagnosed with a malignant tumor based on imaging findings; ultrasonography revealed a hypoechoic mass with blood flow. Patient 2 was diagnosed with inflammatory changes to his nipple; ultrasonography findings supported the diagnosis with an irregular hypoechoic mass with blood flow. Both patients received a cytological or histological biopsy preoperatively, which showed an abscess without malignant cells. These cases serve as an important reminder to consider complete resection of the tumor including the responsible mammary duct (tumor and duct resection (TDR)) for curative therapy of SBA.

High surface area TiO2/SBA-15 nanocomposites: Synthesis, microstructure and adsorption-enhanced photocatalysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wei, J. Q.; Chen, X. J.; Wang, P. F.; Han, Y. B.; Xu, J. C.; Hong, B.; Jin, H. X.; Jin, D. F.; Peng, X. L.; Li, J.; Yang, Y. T.; Ge, H. L.; Wang, X. Q.

2018-06-01

Mesoporous SBA-15 was used to anchor TiO2 nanoparticles into the mesopores to form high surface area TiO2/SBA-15 nanocomposites, and then the influence of mesoporous-structure on the photocatalytic performance was investigated. TiO2/SBA-15 nanocomposites possessed the high specific surface area and appropriate pore size, indicating the excellent adsorption performance. TiO2/SBA-15 nanocomposites exhibited the higher photocatalytic activity to degrade dyes (methylene blue: MB) than TiO2 (removing SBA-15), which should attributed to the excellent adsorption performance of the nanocomposites. MB was absorbed to form the higher concentration near TiO2/SBA-15 photocatalysts, and the photocatalytic degradation for MB was improved.

13 CFR 120.473 - Procedures for determining individual minimum capital requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... delivered to the AA/CA within 30 days after the date on which the SBLC received the notice. SBA may shorten...) Decision. After the close of the SBLC's response period, the AA/CA will decide, based on a review of SBA... requirement by the specified date, either the SBLC or the AA/CA may propose to the other a change in the...

Posterior cranial base natural growth and development: A systematic review.

PubMed

Currie, Kris; Sawchuk, Dena; Saltaji, Humam; Oh, Heesoo; Flores-Mir, Carlos; Lagravere, Manuel

2017-11-01

To provide a synthesis of the published studies evaluating the natural growth and development of the human posterior cranial base (S-Ba). The search was performed on MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and all EBM Reviews electronic databases. In addition, reference lists of the included studies were hand-searched. Articles were included if they analyzed posterior cranial-base growth in humans specifically. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were completed in duplicate. A meta-analysis was not justified. Finally, 23 published studies were selected: 5 cross-sectional and 18 cohort studies. Articles were published between 1955 and 2015, and all were published in English. The sample sizes varied between 20 and 397 individuals and consisted of craniofacial measurements from either living or deceased human skulls. Validity of the measurements was not determined in any of the studies, while six papers reported some form of reliability assessment. All the articles included multiple time points within the same population or data from multiple age groups. Growth of S-Ba was generally agreed to be from spheno-occipital synchondrosis growth. Basion displaced downward and backward and sella turcica moved downward and backward during craniofacial growth. Timing of cessation of S-Ba growth was not conclusive due to limited identified evidence. Current evidence suggests that S-Ba is not totally stable, as its dimensions change throughout craniofacial growth and a minor dimensional change is observed even in late adulthood.

An efficient hexagonal switched beam antenna structure based on Fabry-Perot cavity leaky-wave antenna

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aymen El Cafsi, Mohamed; Nedil, Mourad; Osman, Lotfi; Gharsallah, Ali

2015-11-01

A novel design of switched beam antenna (SBA) system based on Fabry-Perot cavity leaky-wave antenna (FPC LWA) is designed and fabricated for base station operating in the unlicensed ISM central frequency band at 5.8 GHz of the wireless local area network (WLAN) standard. The proposed SBA is designed with hexagonal shape of FPC LWA Arrays in order to get 360° of coverage. The single element of FPC LWA array is composed of a patch antenna and covered by a Partially Reflective Surface (PRS), which is composed of a Metal Strip Grating and printed on a high permittivity Superstrate. First, the Transmission Line Model of FPC LWA is introduced to analyse and calculate the far-field components in E- and H planes by using the Transverse Equivalent Network. This approach is then compared with other full wave's commercial software such as Ansoft HFSS and CST Microwave Studio. Second, a parametric study is performed to evaluate the effect of the angle formed by the two successive FPC LWA on the radiation efficiency of the activate sector. To examine the performance of the proposed SBA, experimental prototype was fabricated and measured. As a result, multiple orthogonal beams (six beams) of 10 dBi of gain with low Side Lobes Level and 360° of coverage are produced. This SBA structure is suitable for WLAN communication systems.

Preparation, characterization, and luminescence of (SBA-15) immobilized pepsin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhai, Qing-Zhou; Sun, Si-Jia

2014-12-01

SBA-15 mesoporous silica was synthesized by hydrothermal method and its surface was methylated by treatment with methyltrimethoxysilane. Pepsin was immobilized on the obtained materials giving host-guest composite materials (SBA-15)-pepsin and (methylated SBA-15)-pepsin. The optimum conditions for preparation of these materials were established. Methylated SBA-15 (M-SBA-15) has improved immobilization efficiency of enzyme compared to initial SBA-15 silica. It was shown that with the gradual increase of NaCl solution ionic strength the immobilized amount of enzyme was reduced. Powder X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the host frameworks in the prepared host-guest composite materials are intact and the ordered structure was retained. Scanning electron microscopic studies revealed fibrous morphologic characteristics of the SBA-15 and the immobilized pepsin composite materials. The average particle diameter of (SBA-15)-pepsin composite was 338 ± 10 and 343 ± 10 nm for (M-SBA-15)-pepsin. The low temperature N2 adsorption-desorption study at 77 K showed that the pore sizes and specific surface areas of the host-guest composite materials were smaller than those before the introduction of the enzyme, suggesting that the immobilized enzyme occupied a definite position in the host material pore channels. The UV-vis solid diffuse reflectance and luminescence studies showed that the enzyme was successfully immobilized on to the host material and that after the immobilization of enzyme on SBA-15 the conformation of pepsin macromolecule has not been changed.

75 FR 64368 - SBA North Florida District Advisory Council

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-19

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SBA North Florida District Advisory Council AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice of open Federal advisory committee meeting. SUMMARY: The SBA is... need for SBA programs, particularly within North Florida and for listening to what is currently...

75 FR 13145 - SBA Lender Risk Rating System

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-18

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Docket No. SBA-2010-0004] SBA Lender Risk Rating System AGENCY: Small Business Administration. ACTION: Notice; extension of comment period and correction. SUMMARY: On March 1, 2010, the Small Business Administration (SBA) published a notice in the Federal Register to...

77 FR 76588 - Request for Proposal Platform Pilot

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-28

...The Small Business Administration (SBA) is announcing a pilot where federal agencies will test a new request for proposal (RFP) platform (RFP-EZ) to streamline the process through which the government buys web design and related technology services from small businesses for acquisitions valued at or below the simplified acquisition threshold (SAT). RFP-EZ is one of five projects sponsored by the Office of Science and Technology Policy's Presidential Innovation Fellows Program, which leverages the ingenuity of leading problem solvers from across America together with federal innovators to tackle projects that aim to fuel job creation, save taxpayers money, and significantly improve how the federal government serves the American people. Under the RFP-EZ pilot, which will initially run from December 28, 2012 through May 1, 2013, agencies will identify individual procurements valued at or below the simplified acquisition threshold that can be set aside for small businesses to test a suite of functional tools for: (1) Simplifying the development of statements of work, (2) improving agency access to information about small businesses, (3) enabling small businesses to submit quotes, bids or proposals (collectively referred to as proposals) electronically in response to a solicitation posted on Federal Business Opportunities (FedBizOpps); (4) enhancing efficiencies for evaluating proposals, and (5) improving how information (including prices paid by federal agencies) is captured and stored. The pilot will be conducted in accordance with existing laws and regulations. Interested parties are encouraged to review and comment on the functionality of RFP-EZ, as described at www.sba.gov/rfpez and highlighted in this notice. Responses to this notice will be considered for possible refinements to the RFP-EZ platform during the pilot and as part of the evaluation of the benefits and costs of making RFP-EZ a permanent platform fully integrated with FedBizOpps, the System for Award Management and agency contract writing systems.

Catalytic Synthesis of n-Butyl Oleate by Cerium Complex Doped Y/SBA-15 Composite Molecular Sieve

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shi, Chunwei; Bian, Xue; Wu, Yongfu; Cong, Yufeng; Pei, Mingyuan

2018-01-01

Cerium ion was successfully incorporated into Y/SBA-15 micro-mesoporous molecular sieves via the hydrothermal synthesis method to give a series of composite materials. The prepared materials were thoroughly characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and differential thermo gravimetric analysis (TG-DTG). The results showed that the prepared composite materials retained the highly ordered mesoporous two-dimensional hexagonal structure of SBA-15 and the octagonal structure of Y. The catalyst Ce-Y/SBA-15 was prepared and characterized, then the esterification of n-butanol and oleic acid was studied with bismuth phosphotungstate as a catalyst. Using this model reaction, the effects of Ce-HY/SBA-15, molar ratio of alcohol to oleic acid, amount of catalysts, reaction time and reaction temperature were investigated. The experimental results show that the optimal reaction conditions were: 1.8:1 molar ratio of alcohol to acid, 5 % catalyst amount (based on weight of oleic acid), 4 h reaction time and reflux conditions. Under these conditions, the yield of esterification was 90.6 %. The results suggest that the addition of Ce can effectively improve the catalytic properties of composite molecular sieves.

Synthesis and characterization of SBA-3, SBA-15, and SBA-1 nanostructured catalytic materials.

PubMed

Anunziata, Oscar A; Beltramone, Andrea R; Martínez, Maria L; Belon, Lizandra López

2007-11-01

A highly ordered large pore mesoporous silica molecular sieve SBA-3, SBA-15, Al-SBA-15, and SBA-1, were developed and characterized by XRD, BET, FTIR, SEM, and NMR-MAS. The catalytic materials were synthesized using different raw materials and operation conditions. These materials contain a regular arrangement of uniform channels with diameters between 1.8 and 10 nm, high specific surface area and high specific pore volume. The designed methods were effective for the synthesis, presenting each mesostructured materials, patterns of XRD and other characteristics corresponding to the reported ones in literature. The new route employed to synthesize Al-SBA-15, generates a catalyst with only aluminum in tetrahedral form, according to the data of (27)Al NMR-MAS. However, several reports indicated that the coordination of the Al atoms changes below the Si/Al ratio of 45, presenting peaks corresponding to penta and hexa-coordinated aluminum, which are absent in our samples (Si/Al = 50 and 33).

The relationship of women's status and empowerment with skilled birth attendant use in Senegal and Tanzania.

PubMed

Shimamoto, Kyoko; Gipson, Jessica D

2015-07-24

Maternal mortality remains unacceptably high in sub-Saharan Africa with 179,000 deaths occurring each year, accounting for 2-thirds of maternal deaths worldwide. Progress in reducing maternal deaths and increasing Skilled Birth Attendant (SBA) use at childbirth has stagnated in Africa. Although several studies demonstrate the important influences of women's status and empowerment on SBA use, this evidence is limited, particularly in Africa. Furthermore, few studies empirically test the operationalization of women's empowerment and incorporate multidimensional measures to represent the potentially disparate influence of women's status and empowerment on SBA use across settings. This study examined the relationship of women's status and empowerment with SBA use in two African countries--Senegal and Tanzania--using the 2010 Demographic and Health Surveys (weighted births n = 10,688 in SN; 6748 in TZ). Factor analysis was first conducted to identify the structure and multiple dimensions of empowerment. Then, a multivariate regression analysis was conducted to examine associations between these empowerment dimensions and SBA use. Overall, women's status and empowerment were positively related to SBA use. Some sociodemographic characteristics showed similar effects across countries (e.g., age, wealth, residence, marital relationship, parity); however, women's status and empowerment influence SBA use differently by setting. Namely, women's education directly and positively influenced SBA use in Tanzania, but not in Senegal. Further, each of the dimensions of empowerment influenced SBA use in disparate ways. In Tanzania women's higher household decision-making power and employment were related to SBA use, while in Senegal more progressive perceptions of gender norms and older age at first marriage were related to SBA use. This study provides evidence of the disparate influences of women's status and empowerment on SBA use across settings. Results indicate that efforts to increase SBA use and to reduce maternal mortality through the improvement of women's status and empowerment should focus both on improving girls' education and delaying marriage, as well as transforming gender norms and decision-making power. However, given the multi-dimensional and contextual nature of women's status and empowerment, it is critical to identify key drivers to increase SBA use in a given setting for contextually tailored policy and programming.

76 FR 42760 - SBA Council on Underserved Communities Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-19

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SBA Council on Underserved Communities Meeting AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA). ACTION: Notice of Federal advisory committee meeting. SUMMARY: The SBA is... meeting will be held at the U.S. Small Business Administration: 409 3rd St SW., Eisenhower Conference Room...

13 CFR 120.601 - SBA Secondary Market.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false SBA Secondary Market. 120.601 Section 120.601 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Secondary Market Fiscal and Transfer Agent (fta) § 120.601 SBA Secondary Market. The SBA secondary market...

13 CFR 121.1001 - Who may initiate a size protest or request a formal size determination?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Associate Administrator for Business Development. (3) For SBA's Subcontracting Program, the following... SBA Director, Office of Government Contracting, or the SBA Associate Administrator for Business... Associate Administrator for Business Development. (8) For SBA's Service Disabled Veteran-Owned Small...

13 CFR 121.1001 - Who may initiate a size protest or request a formal size determination?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Associate Administrator for Business Development. (3) For SBA's Subcontracting Program, the following... SBA Director, Office of Government Contracting, or the SBA Associate Administrator for Business... Associate Administrator for Business Development. (8) For SBA's Service Disabled Veteran-Owned Small...

Soybean agglutinin binding to corneal endothelial cell surfaces disrupts in situ monolayer integrity and actin organization and interferes with wound repair.

PubMed

Gordon, Sheldon R; Wood, Meredith

2009-03-01

Rat corneal endothelium demonstrates cell-surface soybean agglutinin (SBA) binding during organ-culture or injury. When organ-cultured in medium containing SBA, the endothelial monolayer is disrupted because of cell-cell and cell-matrix alterations. SBA binding disorganizes the circumferential microfilament bundles (CMBs), an effect that is partially prevented by phallacidin preincubation. This disruption is reversible if tissues are returned to standard culture medium. Serum heightens SBA binding, whereas puromycin prevents it. Neither actinomycin D nor alpha-amanitin inhibits SBA binding, suggesting that SBA-binding protein(s) may be post-transcriptionally regulated. During injury-induced cell migration in the presence of SBA, cellular processes are blunted and fail to extend significantly outward. By 72 h post-injury, cells of SBA-treated tissues repopulate the wound but demonstrate little association with neighboring cells. Cells migrating in the presence of N-acetylgalactosamine appear normal but also fail to reassociate with other cells in the jury zone. Immunofluorescent staining for ZO-1 reveals punctuate patterns in cells of control tissues, whereas neither SBA- nor N-acetylgalactosamine-treated tissues exhibit ZO-1 staining. Terminal N-acetylgalactosamine removal fails to affect cell morphology, actin organization, or migration but prevents lectin binding. Our results suggest that SBA binding reflects the synthesis of a stress-induced protein(s) that may play a role in reestablishing cell-cell relationships during monolayer reorganization following injury.

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells from Newborns with Spina Bifida Aperta.

PubMed

Bamba, Yohei; Nonaka, Masahiro; Sasaki, Natsu; Shofuda, Tomoko; Kanematsu, Daisuke; Suemizu, Hiroshi; Higuchi, Yuichiro; Pooh, Ritsuko K; Kanemura, Yonehiro; Okano, Hideyuki; Yamasaki, Mami

2017-12-01

We established induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) from three newborns with spina bifida aperta (SBa) using clinically practical methods. We aimed to develop stem cell lines derived from newborns with SBa for future therapeutic use. SBa is a common congenital spinal cord abnormality that causes defects in neurological and urological functions. Stem cell transplantation therapies are predicted to provide beneficial effects for patients with SBa. However, the availability of appropriate cell sources is inadequate for clinical use because of their limited accessibility and expandability, as well as ethical issues. Fibroblast cultures were established from small fragments of skin obtained from newborns with SBa during SBa repair surgery. The cultured cells were transfected with episomal plasmid vectors encoding reprogramming factors necessary for generating iPSCs. These cells were then differentiated into NSPCs by chemical compound treatment, and NSPCs were expanded using neurosphere technology. We successfully generated iPSC lines from the neonatal dermal fibroblasts of three newborns with SBa. We confirmed that these lines exhibited the characteristics of human pluripotent stem cells. We successfully generated NSPCs from all SBa newborn-derived iPSCs with a combination of neural induction and neurosphere technology. We successfully generated iPSCs and iPSC-NSPCs from surgical samples obtained from newborns with SBa with the goal of future clinical use in patients with SBa.

13 CFR 101.102 - Where is SBA's Headquarters located?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Where is SBA's Headquarters located? 101.102 Section 101.102 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.102 Where is SBA's Headquarters located? The Headquarters of SBA is at 409 3rd...

13 CFR 101.102 - Where is SBA's Headquarters located?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Where is SBA's Headquarters located? 101.102 Section 101.102 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.102 Where is SBA's Headquarters located? The Headquarters of SBA is at 409 3rd...

77 FR 72766 - Small Business Size Standards: Support Activities for Mining

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-06

... its entirety for parties who have an interest in SBA's overall approach to establishing, evaluating....gov , Docket ID: SBA-2009- 0008. SBA continues to welcome comments on its methodology from interested.... Average firm size. SBA computes two measures of average firm size: simple average and weighted average...

13 CFR 120.150 - What are SBA's lending criteria?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What are SBA's lending criteria? 120.150 Section 120.150 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Policies Applying to All Business Loans Credit Criteria for Sba Loans § 120.150 What are SBA's lending...

13 CFR 101.101 - Who manages SBA?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Who manages SBA? 101.101 Section... Who manages SBA? (a) An Administrator, appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate, manages SBA. The Administrator— (1) Is responsible to the President and Congress for exercising...

13 CFR 101.101 - Who manages SBA?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Who manages SBA? 101.101 Section... Who manages SBA? (a) An Administrator, appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate, manages SBA. The Administrator— (1) Is responsible to the President and Congress for exercising...

13 CFR 101.101 - Who manages SBA?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Who manages SBA? 101.101 Section... Who manages SBA? (a) An Administrator, appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate, manages SBA. The Administrator— (1) Is responsible to the President and Congress for exercising...

13 CFR 101.101 - Who manages SBA?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Who manages SBA? 101.101 Section... Who manages SBA? (a) An Administrator, appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate, manages SBA. The Administrator— (1) Is responsible to the President and Congress for exercising...

13 CFR 101.101 - Who manages SBA?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Who manages SBA? 101.101 Section... Who manages SBA? (a) An Administrator, appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate, manages SBA. The Administrator— (1) Is responsible to the President and Congress for exercising...

13 CFR 120.621 - SBA guarantee of an Individual Certificate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false SBA guarantee of an Individual Certificate. 120.621 Section 120.621 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Secondary Market The Sba Guarantee of A Certificate § 120.621 SBA guarantee of an Individual...

13 CFR 120.395 - What is SBA's collateral position?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false What is SBA's collateral position? 120.395 Section 120.395 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Special Purpose Loans Builders Loan Program § 120.395 What is SBA's collateral position? SBA will require...

13 CFR 120.395 - What is SBA's collateral position?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false What is SBA's collateral position? 120.395 Section 120.395 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Special Purpose Loans Builders Loan Program § 120.395 What is SBA's collateral position? SBA will require...

13 CFR 120.395 - What is SBA's collateral position?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false What is SBA's collateral position? 120.395 Section 120.395 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Special Purpose Loans Builders Loan Program § 120.395 What is SBA's collateral position? SBA will require...

13 CFR 120.395 - What is SBA's collateral position?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What is SBA's collateral position? 120.395 Section 120.395 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Special Purpose Loans Builders Loan Program § 120.395 What is SBA's collateral position? SBA will require...

13 CFR 120.395 - What is SBA's collateral position?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false What is SBA's collateral position? 120.395 Section 120.395 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Special Purpose Loans Builders Loan Program § 120.395 What is SBA's collateral position? SBA will require...

Engineering Effort Needed to Design Spacecraft with Radiation Constraints

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Singleterry, Robert C., Jr.

2005-01-01

A roadmap is articulated that describes what is needed to allow designers, to include researchers, management, and engineers, to investigate, design, build, test, and fly spacecraft that meet the mission requirements yet, be as low cost as possible. This roadmap describes seven levels of tool fidelity and application: 1) Mission Speculation, 2) Management Overview, 3) Mission Design, 4) Detailed Design, 5) Simulation and Training, 6) Operations, and 7) Research. The interfaces and output are described in top-level detail along with the transport engines needed, and deficiencies are noted. This roadmap, if implemented, will allow Multidisciplinary Optimization (MDO) ideas to incorporate radiation concerns. Also, as NASA moves towards Simulation Based Acquisition (SBA), these tools will facilitate the appropriate spending of government money. Most of the tools needed to serve these levels do not exist or exist in pieces and need to be integrated to create the tool.

13 CFR 105.203 - SBA Assistance to person employing former SBA employee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... nature to the Standards of Conduct Committee for final decision; otherwise, his or her decision is final... relationship of the former employee with the applicant concern; (2) The nature of the SBA Assistance requested... requested; and (4) Whether an apparent conflict of interest might exist if the SBA Assistance were granted. ...

13 CFR 101.109 - Do SBA regulations include the section headings?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Do SBA regulations include the section headings? 101.109 Section 101.109 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.109 Do SBA regulations include the section headings? Yes. All SBA regulations must...

13 CFR 101.200 - When does SBA hire private counsel?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false When does SBA hire private counsel? 101.200 Section 101.200 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Employment of Private Counsel § 101.200 When does SBA hire private counsel? (a) Business loans. SBA may hire...

13 CFR 101.100 - What is the purpose of SBA?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What is the purpose of SBA? 101.100 Section 101.100 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.100 What is the purpose of SBA? The U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) aids, counsels...

13 CFR 101.109 - Do SBA regulations include the section headings?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Do SBA regulations include the section headings? 101.109 Section 101.109 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.109 Do SBA regulations include the section headings? Yes. All SBA regulations must...

13 CFR 101.100 - What is the purpose of SBA?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false What is the purpose of SBA? 101.100 Section 101.100 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.100 What is the purpose of SBA? The U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) aids, counsels...

13 CFR 101.200 - When does SBA hire private counsel?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false When does SBA hire private counsel? 101.200 Section 101.200 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Employment of Private Counsel § 101.200 When does SBA hire private counsel? (a) Business loans. SBA may hire...

13 CFR 120.460 - What are SBA's additional requirements for SBA Supervised Lenders?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... the SBA Supervised Lender regulations that follow. (b) Operations and internal controls. Each SBA... company and does not have its own board of directors) must adopt an internal control policy which provides... operations, programs, and resources. The internal control policy must, at a minimum: (1) Direct management to...

13 CFR 107.1570 - Distributions by Licensee-optional Distribution to private investors and SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... from Institutional Investors) below the minimum required under § 107.210, unless SBA approves the... Distribution to private investors and SBA. 107.1570 Section 107.1570 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL... private investors and SBA. If you have outstanding Participating Securities or Earmarked Assets, you may...

13 CFR 107.1570 - Distributions by Licensee-optional Distribution to private investors and SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... from Institutional Investors) below the minimum required under § 107.210, unless SBA approves the... Distribution to private investors and SBA. 107.1570 Section 107.1570 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL... private investors and SBA. If you have outstanding Participating Securities or Earmarked Assets, you may...

13 CFR 107.1570 - Distributions by Licensee-optional Distribution to private investors and SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... from Institutional Investors) below the minimum required under § 107.210, unless SBA approves the... Distribution to private investors and SBA. 107.1570 Section 107.1570 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL... private investors and SBA. If you have outstanding Participating Securities or Earmarked Assets, you may...

13 CFR 107.1570 - Distributions by Licensee-optional Distribution to private investors and SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... from Institutional Investors) below the minimum required under § 107.210, unless SBA approves the... Distribution to private investors and SBA. 107.1570 Section 107.1570 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL... private investors and SBA. If you have outstanding Participating Securities or Earmarked Assets, you may...

13 CFR 103.2 - Who may conduct business with SBA?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Who may conduct business with SBA? 103.2 Section 103.2 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS FOR CONDUCTING BUSINESS WITH SBA § 103.2 Who may conduct business with SBA? (a) If you are an Applicant, a...

13 CFR 120.546 - Loan asset sales.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., Liquidation and Debt Collection Litigation of 7(a) and 504 Loans Sba's Purchase of A Guaranteed Portion § 120... overseen by SBA upon the occurrence any of the following: (i) SBA's purchase of the guaranteed portion of... option to purchase such guaranteed portion; or (ii) SBA's purchase of the guaranteed portion from the...

13 CFR 120.150 - What are SBA's lending criteria?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false What are SBA's lending criteria... Policies Applying to All Business Loans Credit Criteria for Sba Loans § 120.150 What are SBA's lending criteria? The applicant (including an Operating Company) must be creditworthy. Loans must be so sound as to...

13 CFR 120.620 - SBA guarantee of a Pool Certificate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false SBA guarantee of a Pool Certificate. 120.620 Section 120.620 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Secondary Market The Sba Guarantee of A Certificate § 120.620 SBA guarantee of a Pool Certificate...

13 CFR 120.1719 - SBA's right to recover from Seller.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false SBA's right to recover from Seller. 120.1719 Section 120.1719 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Establishment of SBA Secondary Market Guarantee Program for First Lien Position 504 Loan Pools § 120.1719 SBA's...

13 CFR 123.410 - Which loan requests will SBA fund?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Which loan requests will SBA fund? 123.410 Section 123.410 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Pre-Disaster Mitigation Loans § 123.410 Which loan requests will SBA fund? SBA will date stamp...

13 CFR 123.410 - Which loan requests will SBA fund?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Which loan requests will SBA fund? 123.410 Section 123.410 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Pre-Disaster Mitigation Loans § 123.410 Which loan requests will SBA fund? SBA will date stamp...

The Pacific White Shrimp β-actin Promoter: Functional Properties and the Potential Application for Transduction System Using Recombinant Baculovirus.

PubMed

Shi, Yingli; Xiang, Jianhai; Zhou, Guangzhou; Ron, Tetsuzan Benny; Tong, Hsin-I; Kang, Wen; Sun, Si; Lu, Yuanan

2016-06-01

A newly isolated Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) beta-actin promoter SbaP and its derivative compact construct SbaP (ENX) have recently been demonstrated to promote ectopic gene expression in vitro and in vivo. To further explore the potential transduction application, this newly isolated shrimp promoter SbaP was comparatively tested with cytomegalovirus (CMV), simian virus 40 (SV40), polyhedrin (Polh), and white spot syndrome virus immediate early gene 1 (WSSV ie1) four constitutive promoters and a beta-actin promoter (TbaP) from tilapia fish to characterize its promoting function in eight different cell lines. Luciferase quantitation assays revealed that SbaP can drive luciferase gene expression in all eight cell lines including sf21 (insect), PAC2 (zebrafish), EPC (carp), CHSE-214 (chinook salmon), GSTEF (green sea turtle), MS-1 (monk seal), 293T (human), and HeLa (human), but at different levels. Comparative analysis revealed that the promoting activity of SbaP was lower (≤10-fold) than CMV but higher (2-20 folds) than Polh in most of these cell lines tested. Whereas, SbaP mediated luciferase expression in sf21 cells was over 20-fold higher than CMV, SV40, Polh, and TbaP promoter. Compared to the SbaP, SbaP (ENX), which was constructed on the basis of SbaP by deletion of two "negative" regulatory elements, exhibited no significant change of promoting activity in EPC and PAC2 cells, but a 5 and 16 % lower promoting effect in 293T and HeLa cells, respectively. Additionally, a recombinant baculovirus was constructed under the control of SbaP (ENX), and efficient promoter activity of newly generated baculoviral vector was detected both in vitro of infected sf21 cells and in vivo of injected indicator shrimp. These results warrant the potential application of SbaP, particularly SbaP (ENX) in ectopic gene expression in future.

13 CFR 120.433 - What are SBA's other requirements for sales and sales of participating interests?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... for sales and sales of participating interests? 120.433 Section 120.433 Business Credit and Assistance... requirements for sales and sales of participating interests? SBA requires the following: (a) The Lender must be... Lender has satisfactory SBA performance, as determined by SBA in its discretion. The Lender's Risk Rating...

13 CFR 120.433 - What are SBA's other requirements for sales and sales of participating interests?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... for sales and sales of participating interests? 120.433 Section 120.433 Business Credit and Assistance... requirements for sales and sales of participating interests? SBA requires the following: (a) The Lender must be... Lender has satisfactory SBA performance, as determined by SBA in its discretion. The Lender's Risk Rating...

13 CFR 101.107 - What SBA forms are approved for public use?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false What SBA forms are approved for public use? 101.107 Section 101.107 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.107 What SBA forms are approved for public use? (a) SBA uses forms approved by the...

13 CFR 101.105 - Who may use SBA's official seal and for what purpose?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Who may use SBA's official seal... ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.105 Who may use SBA's official seal and for what purpose? (a) General. This section describes the official seal of the SBA and prescribes rules for its use. (b...

13 CFR 101.105 - Who may use SBA's official seal and for what purpose?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Who may use SBA's official seal... ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.105 Who may use SBA's official seal and for what purpose? (a) General. This section describes the official seal of the SBA and prescribes rules for its use. (b...

13 CFR 120.521 - What interest rate applies after SBA purchases its guaranteed portion?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What interest rate applies after... 504 Loans Sba's Purchase of A Guaranteed Portion § 120.521 What interest rate applies after SBA purchases its guaranteed portion? When SBA purchases the guaranteed portion of a fixed interest rate loan...

13 CFR 120.462 - What are SBA's additional requirements on capital maintenance for SBA Supervised Lenders?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... financial viability and provide for any necessary growth. The minimum standards set in § 120.471 for SBLCs... in developing the SBA Supervised Lender's capital adequacy plan: (i) Management capability; (ii... capital (e.g., portfolio growth rate). (2) An SBA Supervised Lender must keep its capital plan current...

13 CFR 124.1008 - When will SBA not decide an SDB protest?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false When will SBA not decide an SDB... SDB protest? (a) SBA will not decide a protest as to disadvantaged status of any concern other than... protested concern's circumstances have materially changed since SBA certified it as an SDB, or that the...

13 CFR 124.1008 - When will SBA not decide an SDB protest?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false When will SBA not decide an SDB... SDB protest? (a) SBA will not decide a protest as to disadvantaged status of any concern other than... protested concern's circumstances have materially changed since SBA certified it as an SDB, or that the...

13 CFR 124.1008 - When will SBA not decide an SDB protest?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false When will SBA not decide an SDB... SDB protest? (a) SBA will not decide a protest as to disadvantaged status of any concern other than... protested concern's circumstances have materially changed since SBA certified it as an SDB, or that the...

13 CFR 124.1008 - When will SBA not decide an SDB protest?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false When will SBA not decide an SDB... SDB protest? (a) SBA will not decide a protest as to disadvantaged status of any concern other than... protested concern's circumstances have materially changed since SBA certified it as an SDB, or that the...

13 CFR 124.1008 - When will SBA not decide an SDB protest?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false When will SBA not decide an SDB... SDB protest? (a) SBA will not decide a protest as to disadvantaged status of any concern other than... protested concern's circumstances have materially changed since SBA certified it as an SDB, or that the...

13 CFR 101.106 - Does Federal law apply to SBA programs and activities?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Does Federal law apply to SBA... ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.106 Does Federal law apply to SBA programs and activities? (a) SBA... achieve national purposes. (b) The following are construed and enforced in accordance with Federal law— (1...

13 CFR 101.106 - Does Federal law apply to SBA programs and activities?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Does Federal law apply to SBA... ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.106 Does Federal law apply to SBA programs and activities? (a) SBA... achieve national purposes. (b) The following are construed and enforced in accordance with Federal law— (1...

13 CFR 101.106 - Does Federal law apply to SBA programs and activities?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Does Federal law apply to SBA... ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.106 Does Federal law apply to SBA programs and activities? (a) SBA... achieve national purposes. (b) The following are construed and enforced in accordance with Federal law— (1...

13 CFR 101.106 - Does Federal law apply to SBA programs and activities?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Does Federal law apply to SBA... ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.106 Does Federal law apply to SBA programs and activities? (a) SBA... achieve national purposes. (b) The following are construed and enforced in accordance with Federal law— (1...

13 CFR 101.106 - Does Federal law apply to SBA programs and activities?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Does Federal law apply to SBA... ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.106 Does Federal law apply to SBA programs and activities? (a) SBA... achieve national purposes. (b) The following are construed and enforced in accordance with Federal law— (1...

13 CFR 147.400 - What are my responsibilities as a(n) SBA awarding official?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Awarding Officials § 147.400 What are my responsibilities as a(n) SBA awarding official? As a(n) SBA awarding official, you must obtain each recipient's agreement, as a condition of the award, to comply with...(n) SBA awarding official? 147.400 Section 147.400 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS...

13 CFR 120.1850 - Will the Collateral be held by SBA?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Loan Program) § 120.1850 Will the Collateral be held by SBA? Yes, SBA or its expressly authorized agent... all Collateral for SISMBD Loans in a custodial account. Certificates held as Collateral must be in... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Will the Collateral be held by SBA...

13 CFR 120.950 - SBA and CDC must appoint agents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false SBA and CDC must appoint agents... Development Company Loan Program (504) Debenture Sales and Service Agents § 120.950 SBA and CDC must appoint agents. SBA and the CDC must appoint the following agents to facilitate the sale and service of the...

13 CFR 120.950 - SBA and CDC must appoint agents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false SBA and CDC must appoint agents... Development Company Loan Program (504) Debenture Sales and Service Agents § 120.950 SBA and CDC must appoint agents. SBA and the CDC must appoint the following agents to facilitate the sale and service of the...

13 CFR 120.950 - SBA and CDC must appoint agents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false SBA and CDC must appoint agents... Development Company Loan Program (504) Debenture Sales and Service Agents § 120.950 SBA and CDC must appoint agents. SBA and the CDC must appoint the following agents to facilitate the sale and service of the...

13 CFR 120.950 - SBA and CDC must appoint agents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false SBA and CDC must appoint agents... Development Company Loan Program (504) Debenture Sales and Service Agents § 120.950 SBA and CDC must appoint agents. SBA and the CDC must appoint the following agents to facilitate the sale and service of the...

13 CFR 120.950 - SBA and CDC must appoint agents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false SBA and CDC must appoint agents... Development Company Loan Program (504) Debenture Sales and Service Agents § 120.950 SBA and CDC must appoint agents. SBA and the CDC must appoint the following agents to facilitate the sale and service of the...

13 CFR 127.502 - How will SBA identify and provide notice of the designated industries?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... notice of the designated industries? 127.502 Section 127.502 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL... § 127.502 How will SBA identify and provide notice of the designated industries? SBA will post on its Internet Web site at http://www.sba.gov a list of NAICS Industry Subsector industries it designates under...

13 CFR 127.502 - How will SBA identify and provide notice of the designated industries?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... notice of the designated industries? 127.502 Section 127.502 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL... § 127.502 How will SBA identify and provide notice of the designated industries? SBA will post on its Internet Web site at http://www.sba.gov a list of NAICS Industry Subsector industries it designates under...

Different CO2 absorbents-modified SBA-15 sorbent for highly selective CO2 capture

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Xiuwu; Zhai, Xinru; Liu, Dongyang; Sun, Yan

2017-05-01

Different CO2 absorbents-modified SBA-15 materials are used as CO2 sorbent to improve the selectivity of CH4/CO2 separation. The SBA-15 sorbents modified by physical CO2 absorbents are very limited to increasing CO2 adsorption and present poor selectivity. However, the SBA-15 sorbents modified by chemical CO2 absorbents increase CO2 adsorption capacity obviously. The separation coefficients of CO2/CH4 increase in this case. The adsorption and regeneration properties of the SBA-15 sorbents modified by TEA, MDEA and DIPA have been compared. The SBA-15 modified by triethanolamine (TEA) presents better CO2/CH4 separation performance than the materials modified by other CO2 absorbents.

The GOES-R Product Generation Architecture - Post CDR Update

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dittberner, G.; Kalluri, S.; Weiner, A.

2012-12-01

The GOES-R system will substantially improve the accuracy of information available to users by providing data from significantly enhanced instruments, which will generate an increased number and diversity of products with higher resolution, and much shorter relook times. Considerably greater compute and memory resources are necessary to achieve the necessary latency and availability for these products. Over time, new and updated algorithms are expected to be added and old ones removed as science advances and new products are developed. The GOES-R GS architecture is being planned to maintain functionality so that when such changes are implemented, operational product generation will continue without interruption. The primary parts of the PG infrastructure are the Service Based Architecture (SBA) and the Data Fabric (DF). SBA is the middleware that encapsulates and manages science algorithms that generate products. It is divided into three parts, the Executive, which manages and configures the algorithm as a service, the Dispatcher, which provides data to the algorithm, and the Strategy, which determines when the algorithm can execute with the available data. SBA is a distributed architecture, with services connected to each other over a compute grid and is highly scalable. This plug-and-play architecture allows algorithms to be added, removed, or updated without affecting any other services or software currently running and producing data. Algorithms require product data from other algorithms, so a scalable and reliable messaging is necessary. The SBA uses the DF to provide this data communication layer between algorithms. The DF provides an abstract interface over a distributed and persistent multi-layered storage system (e.g., memory based caching above disk-based storage) and an event management system that allows event-driven algorithm services to know when instrument data are available and where they reside. Together, the SBA and the DF provide a flexible, high performance architecture that can meet the needs of product processing now and as they grow in the future.

The GOES-R Product Generation Architecture

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dittberner, G. J.; Kalluri, S.; Hansen, D.; Weiner, A.; Tarpley, A.; Marley, S.

2011-12-01

The GOES-R system will substantially improve users' ability to succeed in their work by providing data with significantly enhanced instruments, higher resolution, much shorter relook times, and an increased number and diversity of products. The Product Generation architecture is designed to provide the computer and memory resources necessary to achieve the necessary latency and availability for these products. Over time, new and updated algorithms are expected to be added and old ones removed as science advances and new products are developed. The GOES-R GS architecture is being planned to maintain functionality so that when such changes are implemented, operational product generation will continue without interruption. The primary parts of the PG infrastructure are the Service Based Architecture (SBA) and the Data Fabric (DF). SBA is the middleware that encapsulates and manages science algorithms that generate products. It is divided into three parts, the Executive, which manages and configures the algorithm as a service, the Dispatcher, which provides data to the algorithm, and the Strategy, which determines when the algorithm can execute with the available data. SBA is a distributed architecture, with services connected to each other over a compute grid and is highly scalable. This plug-and-play architecture allows algorithms to be added, removed, or updated without affecting any other services or software currently running and producing data. Algorithms require product data from other algorithms, so a scalable and reliable messaging is necessary. The SBA uses the DF to provide this data communication layer between algorithms. The DF provides an abstract interface over a distributed and persistent multi-layered storage system (e.g., memory based caching above disk-based storage) and an event management system that allows event-driven algorithm services to know when instrument data are available and where they reside. Together, the SBA and the DF provide a flexible, high performance architecture that can meet the needs of product processing now and as they grow in the future.

Interaction Between Spatial and Feature Attention in Posterior Parietal Cortex

PubMed Central

Ibos, Guilhem; Freedman, David J.

2016-01-01

Summary Lateral intraparietal (LIP) neurons encode a vast array of sensory and cognitive variables. Recently, we proposed that the flexibility of feature representations in LIP reflect the bottom-up integration of sensory signals, modulated by feature-based attention (FBA), from upstream feature-selective cortical neurons. Moreover, LIP activity is also strongly modulated by the position of space-based attention (SBA). However, the mechanisms by which SBA and FBA interact to facilitate the representation of task-relevant spatial and non-spatial features in LIP remain unclear. We recorded from LIP neurons during performance of a task which required monkeys to detect specific conjunctions of color, motion-direction, and stimulus position. Here we show that FBA and SBA potentiate each other’s effect in a manner consistent with attention gating the flow of visual information along the cortical visual pathway. Our results suggest that linear bottom-up integrative mechanisms allow LIP neurons to emphasize task-relevant spatial and non-spatial features. PMID:27499082

Interaction between Spatial and Feature Attention in Posterior Parietal Cortex.

PubMed

Ibos, Guilhem; Freedman, David J

2016-08-17

Lateral intraparietal (LIP) neurons encode a vast array of sensory and cognitive variables. Recently, we proposed that the flexibility of feature representations in LIP reflect the bottom-up integration of sensory signals, modulated by feature-based attention (FBA), from upstream feature-selective cortical neurons. Moreover, LIP activity is also strongly modulated by the position of space-based attention (SBA). However, the mechanisms by which SBA and FBA interact to facilitate the representation of task-relevant spatial and non-spatial features in LIP remain unclear. We recorded from LIP neurons during performance of a task that required monkeys to detect specific conjunctions of color, motion direction, and stimulus position. Here we show that FBA and SBA potentiate each other's effect in a manner consistent with attention gating the flow of visual information along the cortical visual pathway. Our results suggest that linear bottom-up integrative mechanisms allow LIP neurons to emphasize task-relevant spatial and non-spatial features. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

IMPROVED CATALYSTS FOR HEAVY OIL UPGRADING BASED ON ZEOLITE Y NANOPARTICLES ENCAPSULATED IN STABLE NANOPOROUS HOST

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Conrad Ingram; Mark Mitchell

2005-11-15

Composite materials of SBA-15/zeolite Y were synthesized from zeolite Y precursor and a synthesis mixture of mesoporous silicate SBA-15 via a hydrothermal process in the presence of a slightly acidic media of pH 4-6 with 2M H{sub 2}SO{sub 4}. The SBA-15/ZY composites showed Type IV adsorption isotherms, narrow BJH average pore size distribution of 4.9 nm, surface areas up to 800 m{sup 2}2/g and pore volumes 1.03 cm{sup 3}, all comparable to pure SBA-15 synthesized under similar conditions. Chemical analysis revealed Si/Al ratio down to 8.5 in the most aluminated sample, and {sup 27}AlSS MAS NMR confirmed aluminum was inmore » tetrahedral coordination. This method of introduction of Al in pure T{sub d} coordination is effective in comparison to other direct and post synthesis alumination methods. Bronsted acid sites were evident from a pyridinium peak at 1544 cm-1 in the FTIR spectrum after pyridine adsorption, and from NH{sub 3} -TPD experiments. SBA-15/ZY composites showed significant catalytic activities for the dealkylation of isopropylbenzene to benzene and propene, similar to those of commercial zeolite Y. It was observed that higher conversion for catalysts synthesized with high amount of ZY precursor mixture added to the SBA-15. Over all the composites has shown good catalytic activity. Further studies will be focused on gaining a better understand the nature of the precursor, and to characterize and to locate the acid sites in the composite material. The composite will also be evaluated for heavy oil conversion to naphtha and middle distillates.« less

Methyl oleate deoxygenation for production of diesel fuel aliphatic hydrocarbons over Pd/SBA-15 catalysts

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background Catalytic deoxygenation is a prominent process for production of renewable fuels from vegetable oil. In this work, deoxygenation of technical grade methyl oleate to diesel fuel aliphatic hydrocarbons (C15 – C18) is evaluated with several parameters including temperature, hydrogen pressure and reaction time in a stirred batch reactor over Pd/SBA-15 catalysts. Results Two different SBA-15 morphologies i.e. spherelike and necklacelike structures have been synthesize as supports for Pd active metal. It is found that Pd dispersion on necklacelike SBA-15 is higher than that of spherelike SBA-15. Notably, higher Pd dispersion on necklacelike SBA-15 provides significant deoxygenation efficiency as compared to Pd/SBA-15-spherelike. Results show that H2 pressures greatly determine the total ester conversion and selectivity to C15 – C18 aliphatic hydrocarbons. Total ester conversions with 55< selectivity to n-heptadecane are achieved using Pd/SBA-15-necklacelike at 270°C and 60 bar H2 pressure within 6 h reaction time. Gas phase study reveals that formation of C17 is generated via indirect decarbonylation when the reaction time is prolonged. Conclusions Pd/SBA-15-necklacelike catalyst exhibits good catalytic performance with high selectivity to diesellike aliphatic hydrocarbons (C15 – C18). The physicochemical properties of the Pd supported on different SBA-15 morphologies influence the deoxygenation activity of the catalysts. Furthermore, the reaction pathways are governed by the H2 pressure as well as reaction duration. PMID:24011181

13 CFR 108.1600 - SBA authority to issue and guarantee Trust Certificates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... guarantee the timely payment of the principal and interest thereon. Any guarantee by SBA of such TC is limited to the principal and interest due on the Debentures in any Trust or Pool backing such TC. The full... of any TC. (b) SBA authority to arrange public or private fundings of Leverage. SBA in its discretion...

13 CFR 120.220 - Fees that Lender pays SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... applies, the lender shall pay SBA an annual service fee equal to 0.5 percent of the outstanding balance of..., 2004. The lender shall pay SBA an annual service fee equal to 0.25 percent of the outstanding balance... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fees that Lender pays SBA. 120.220...

13 CFR 108.1810 - Events of default and SBA's remedies for NMVC Company's noncompliance with terms of Debentures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... diversity between management and ownership as required by § 108.150. (g) SBA remedies for events of default... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Events of default and SBA's... Company's Noncompliance With Terms of Leverage § 108.1810 Events of default and SBA's remedies for NMVC...

32 CFR 644.511 - Certificate of competency by SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Certificate of competency by SBA. 644.511 Section... Stone § 644.511 Certificate of competency by SBA. Section 8(b)(7) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 637(b)(7)) authorizes the SBA to certify the competency of a small business concern as to capacity and...

13 CFR 123.513 - Does SBA require collateral on its Military Reservist EIDL?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., or both. SBA will not decline a loan if you do not have a particular amount of collateral so long as SBA is reasonably sure that you can repay the loan. If you refuse to pledge the available collateral... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Does SBA require collateral on its...

13 CFR 124.205 - Can an applicant ask SBA to reconsider SBA's initial decision to decline its application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... reconsider SBA's initial decision to decline its application? (a) An applicant may request the AA/BD to..., including information and documentation regarding changed circumstances. (b) The AA/BD will issue a written decision within 45 days of SBA's receipt of the applicant's request. The AA/BD may either approve the...

13 CFR 124.205 - Can an applicant ask SBA to reconsider SBA's initial decision to decline its application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... reconsider SBA's initial decision to decline its application? (a) An applicant may request the AA/BD to..., including information and documentation regarding changed circumstances. (b) The AA/BD will issue a written decision within 45 days of SBA's receipt of the applicant's request. The AA/BD may either approve the...

13 CFR 124.205 - Can an applicant ask SBA to reconsider SBA's initial decision to decline its application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... reconsider SBA's initial decision to decline its application? (a) An applicant may request the AA/BD to..., including information and documentation regarding changed circumstances. (b) The AA/BD will issue a written decision within 45 days of SBA's receipt of the applicant's request. The AA/BD may either approve the...

13 CFR 108.1600 - SBA authority to issue and guarantee Trust Certificates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... guarantee the timely payment of the principal and interest thereon. Any guarantee by SBA of such TC is limited to the principal and interest due on the Debentures in any Trust or Pool backing such TC. The full... of any TC. (b) SBA authority to arrange public or private fundings of Leverage. SBA in its discretion...

7Li NMR spectroscopy and ion conduction mechanism in mesoporous silica (SBA-15) composite poly(ethylene oxide) electrolyte

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reddy, M. Jaipal; Chu, Peter P.

A composite of mesoporous silica (SBA-15) with a polyethylene oxide (PEO) polymer electrolyte is examined for use in various electrochemical devices. Incorporation of SBA-15 in a PEO:LiClO 4 polymer electrolyte facilitates salt dissociation, enhances ion conductivity, and improves miscibility between organic and inorganic moieties. Optimized conductivity is found at 10 wt.% SBA-15 composition, above this concentration the conductivity is reduced due to aggregation of a SBA-15:Li rich phase. Heating above melt temperature of PEO allows more of the polymer segments to interact with SBA-15. This results in a greater degree of disorder upon cooling, and the ion conductivity is enhanced. A 7Li MAS NMR study reveals three types of lithium-ion coordination. Two major types of conduction mechanism can be identified: one through conventional amorphous PEO; a second via hopping in a sequential manner by replacing the nearby vacancies ('holes') on the surface (both interior and exterior) of the SBA-15 channels.

Adsorptive removal of selected pharmaceuticals by mesoporous silica SBA-15.

PubMed

Bui, Tung Xuan; Choi, Heechul

2009-09-15

The removal of five selected pharmaceuticals, viz., carbamazepine, clofibric acid, diclofenac, ibuprofen, and ketoprofen was examined by batch sorption experiments onto a synthesized mesoporous silica SBA-15. SBA-15 was synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N(2) adsorption-desorption measurement, and point of zero charge (PZC) measurement. Pharmaceutical adsorption kinetics was rapid and occurred on a scale of minutes, following a pseudo-second-order rate expression. Adsorption isotherms were best fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model. High removal rates of individual pharmaceuticals were achieved in acidic media (pH 3-5) and reached 85.2% for carbamazepine, 88.3% for diclofenac, 93.0% for ibuprofen, 94.3% for ketoprofen, and 49.0% for clofibric acid at pH 3 but decreased with increase in pH. SBA-15 also showed high efficiency for removal of a mixture of 5 pharmaceuticals. Except for clofibric acid (35.6%), the removal of pharmaceuticals in the mixture ranged from 75.2 to 89.3%. Based on adsorption and desorption results, the mechanism of the selected pharmaceuticals was found to be a hydrophilic interaction, providing valuable information for further studies to design materials for the purpose. The results of this study suggest that mesoporous-silica-based materials are promising adsorbents for removing pharmaceuticals from not only surface water but also wastewater of pharmaceutical industrial manufactures.

Transition Metal Phosphide Nanoparticles Supported on SBA-15 as Highly Selective Hydrodeoxygenation Catalysts for the Production of Advanced Biofuels.

PubMed

Yang, Yongxing; Ochoa-Hernández, Cristina; de la Peña O'Shea, Víctor A; Pizarro, Patricia; Coronado, Juan M; Serrano, David P

2015-09-01

A series of catalysts constituted by nanoparticles of transition metal (M = Fe, Co, Ni and Mo) phosphides (TMP) dispersed on SBA-15 were synthesized by reduction of the corresponding metal phosphate precursors previously impregnated on the mesostructured support. All the samples contained a metal-loading of 20 wt% and with an initial M/P mole ratio of 1, and they were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 sorption, H2-TPR and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Metal phosphide nanocatalysts were tested in a high pressure continuous flow reactor for the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of a methyl ester blend containing methyl oleate (C17H33-COO-CH3) as main component (70%). This mixture constitutes a convenient surrogate of triglycerides present in vegetable oils, and following catalytic hydrotreating yields mainly n-alkanes. The results of the catalytic assays indicate that Ni2P/SBA-15 catalyst presents the highest ester conversion, whereas the transformation rate is about 20% lower for MoP/SBA-15. In contrast, catalysts based on Fe and Co phosphides show a rather limited activity. Hydrocarbon distribution in the liquid product suggests that both hydrodeoxygenation and decarboxylation/decarbonylation reactions occur simultaneously over the different catalysts, although MoP/SBA-15 possess a selectivity towards hydrodeoxygenation exceeding 90%. Accordingly, the catalyst based on MoP affords the highest yield of n-octadecane, which is the preferred product in terms of carbon atom economy. Subsequently, in order to conjugate the advantages of both Ni and Mo phosphides, a series of catalysts containing variable proportions of both metals were prepared. The obtained results reveal that the mixed phosphides catalysts present a catalytic behavior intermediate between those of the monometallic phosphides. Accordingly, only marginal enhancement of the yield of n-octadecane is obtained for the catalysts with a Mo/Ni ratio of 3. Nevertheless, owing to this high selectivity for hydrodeoxygenation MoP/SBA-15 appears as a very promising catalyst for the production of advanced biofuels.

13 CFR 124.1011 - What format, degree of specificity, and basis does SBA require to consider an SDB protest?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., and basis does SBA require to consider an SDB protest? 124.1011 Section 124.1011 Business Credit and... § 124.1011 What format, degree of specificity, and basis does SBA require to consider an SDB protest? (a) Format. An SDB protest need not be in any specific format in order for SBA to consider it. (b...

13 CFR 124.1011 - What format, degree of specificity, and basis does SBA require to consider an SDB protest?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., and basis does SBA require to consider an SDB protest? 124.1011 Section 124.1011 Business Credit and... § 124.1011 What format, degree of specificity, and basis does SBA require to consider an SDB protest? (a) Format. An SDB protest need not be in any specific format in order for SBA to consider it. (b...

13 CFR 124.1011 - What format, degree of specificity, and basis does SBA require to consider an SDB protest?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

..., and basis does SBA require to consider an SDB protest? 124.1011 Section 124.1011 Business Credit and... § 124.1011 What format, degree of specificity, and basis does SBA require to consider an SDB protest? (a) Format. An SDB protest need not be in any specific format in order for SBA to consider it. (b...

13 CFR 124.1011 - What format, degree of specificity, and basis does SBA require to consider an SDB protest?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

..., and basis does SBA require to consider an SDB protest? 124.1011 Section 124.1011 Business Credit and... § 124.1011 What format, degree of specificity, and basis does SBA require to consider an SDB protest? (a) Format. An SDB protest need not be in any specific format in order for SBA to consider it. (b...

13 CFR 124.1011 - What format, degree of specificity, and basis does SBA require to consider an SDB protest?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

..., and basis does SBA require to consider an SDB protest? 124.1011 Section 124.1011 Business Credit and... § 124.1011 What format, degree of specificity, and basis does SBA require to consider an SDB protest? (a) Format. An SDB protest need not be in any specific format in order for SBA to consider it. (b...

13 CFR 123.411 - What if SBA determines that your business loan request meets the selection criteria of § 123.409...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... business loan request meets the selection criteria of § 123.409 but SBA is unable to fund it because SBA has already allocated all program funds? 123.411 Section 123.411 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Pre-Disaster Mitigation Loans § 123.411 What if SBA...

13 CFR 123.411 - What if SBA determines that your business loan request meets the selection criteria of § 123.409...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... business loan request meets the selection criteria of § 123.409 but SBA is unable to fund it because SBA has already allocated all program funds? 123.411 Section 123.411 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Pre-Disaster Mitigation Loans § 123.411 What if SBA...

Immunogenicity, Safety and Antibody Persistence of a Booster Dose of Quadrivalent Meningococcal ACWY-tetanus Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine Compared with Monovalent Meningococcal Serogroup C Vaccine Administered Four Years After Primary Vaccination Using the Same Vaccines.

PubMed

Vesikari, Timo; Forsten, Aino; Bianco, Veronique; Van der Wielen, Marie; Miller, Jacqueline M

2015-12-01

We evaluated safety, immunogenicity and antibody persistence of meningococcal serogroups A, C, W and Y tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (MenACWY-TT) booster vaccination 4 years after priming of toddlers. This phase III, open-label, controlled study in Finland (NCT00955682) enrolled children previously randomized (3:1) at 12-23 months (NCT00474266) to receive 1 dose of MenACWY-TT or MenC conjugate vaccine (MenC-CRM197). Serum bactericidal antibody titers using rabbit (rSBA, cut-off 1:8) and human complement (hSBA, cut-off 1:8) were assessed at year 3 and 4 after priming and 1 month and 1 year after administration of a booster dose of the same vaccine given for primary vaccination. Reactogenicity and safety were assessed, and vaccination-related serious adverse events were recorded from the time of primary vaccination. Before booster (year 4), 74.1%, 40.4%, 49.3% and 58.2% of MenACWY-TT-recipients retained rSBA titers ≥1:8 for serogroups A, C, W and Y, respectively; 28.8%, 73.2%, 80.6% and 65.4% retained hSBA ≥1:8. Percentages for the MenC-CRM group were 35.6% (rSBA-MenC) and 46.9% (hSBA-MenC). After MenACWY-TT booster, ≥99.5% had rSBA ≥1:8 and hSBA ≥1:8 for each serogroup. After MenC-CRM197 booster, all children had rSBA-MenC ≥1:8 and hSBA-MenC ≥1:8. At year 5, percentages above the cut-off were ≥97.4% (rSBA) and ≥95.5% (hSBA) in MenACWY-TT-vaccinees for each serogroup. The MenACWY-TT booster dose had a clinically acceptable safety profile. No vaccine-related serious adverse events were reported. There was evidence of antibody persistence 4 years after toddlers were primed with MenACWY-TT. Booster vaccination induced robust immune responses for all serogroups with an acceptable safety profile.

From pest data to abundance-based risk maps combining eco-physiological knowledge, weather, and habitat variability.

PubMed

Lacasella, Federica; Marta, Silvio; Singh, Aditya; Stack Whitney, Kaitlin; Hamilton, Krista; Townsend, Phil; Kucharik, Christopher J; Meehan, Timothy D; Gratton, Claudio

2017-03-01

Noxious species, i.e., crop pest or invasive alien species, are major threats to both natural and managed ecosystems. Invasive pests are of special importance, and knowledge about their distribution and abundance is fundamental to minimize economic losses and prioritize management activities. Occurrence models are a common tool used to identify suitable zones and map priority areas (i.e., risk maps) for noxious species management, although they provide a simplified description of species dynamics (i.e., no indication on species density). An alternative is to use abundance models, but translating abundance data into risk maps is often challenging. Here, we describe a general framework for generating abundance-based risk maps using multi-year pest data. We used an extensive data set of 3968 records collected between 2003 and 2013 in Wisconsin during annual surveys of soybean aphid (SBA), an exotic invasive pest in this region. By using an integrative approach, we modelled SBA responses to weather, seasonal, and habitat variability using generalized additive models (GAMs). Our models showed good to excellent performance in predicting SBA occurrence and abundance (TSS = 0.70, AUC = 0.92; R 2  = 0.63). We found that temperature, precipitation, and growing degree days were the main drivers of SBA trends. In addition, a significant positive relationship between SBA abundance and the availability of overwintering habitats was observed. Our models showed aphid populations were also sensitive to thresholds associated with high and low temperatures, likely related to physiological tolerances of the insects. Finally, the resulting aphid predictions were integrated using a spatial prioritization algorithm ("Zonation") to produce an abundance-based risk map for the state of Wisconsin that emphasized the spatiotemporal consistency and magnitude of past infestation patterns. This abundance-based risk map can provide information on potential foci of pest outbreaks where scouting efforts and prophylactic measures should be concentrated. The approach we took is general, relatively simple, and can be applied to other species, habitats and geographical areas for which species abundance data and biotic and abiotic data are available. © 2016 by the Ecological Society of America.

13 CFR 120.464 - Reports to SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... submit to SBA a summary of any changes in the SBA Supervised Lender's organization or financing (within... reasons and documentation. The waiver decision of the appropriate Office of Capital Access official in...

13 CFR 120.464 - Reports to SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... of personal history on the form approved by SBA); (iii) Any change in capitalization, including such... a material change in financial condition may lead to enforcement action. (7) Other Reports. Each SBA...

13 CFR 120.464 - Reports to SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... of personal history on the form approved by SBA); (iii) Any change in capitalization, including such... a material change in financial condition may lead to enforcement action. (7) Other Reports. Each SBA...

13 CFR 120.464 - Reports to SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... of personal history on the form approved by SBA); (iii) Any change in capitalization, including such... a material change in financial condition may lead to enforcement action. (7) Other Reports. Each SBA...

13 CFR 120.464 - Reports to SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... of personal history on the form approved by SBA); (iii) Any change in capitalization, including such... a material change in financial condition may lead to enforcement action. (7) Other Reports. Each SBA...

Development and Use of a Serum Bactericidal Assay Using Pooled Human Complement To Assess Responses to a Meningococcal Group A Conjugate Vaccine in African Toddlers

PubMed Central

Lynn, Freyja; Mocca, Brian; Borrow, Ray; Findlow, Helen; Hassan-King, Musa; Preziosi, Marie-Pierre; Idoko, Olubukola; Sow, Samba; Kulkarni, Prasad; LaForce, F. Marc

2014-01-01

A meningococcal group A polysaccharide (PS) conjugate vaccine (PsA-TT) has been developed for African countries affected by epidemic meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis. Complement-mediated serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) assays are used to assess protective immune responses to meningococcal vaccination. Human complement (hC′) was used in early studies demonstrating antibody-mediated protection against disease, but it is difficult to obtain and standardize. We developed and evaluated a method for sourcing hC′ and then used the SBA assay with hC′ (hSBA) to measure bactericidal responses to PsA-TT vaccination in 12- to 23-month-old African children. Sera with active complement from 100 unvaccinated blood donors were tested for intrinsic bactericidal activity, SBA titer using rabbit complement (rSBA), and anti-group A PS antibody concentration. Performance criteria and pooling strategies were examined and then verified by comparisons of three independently prepared hC′ lots in two laboratories. hSBA titers of clinical trial sera were then determined using this complement sourcing method. Two different functional antibody tests were necessary for screening hC′. hSBA titers determined using three independent lots of pooled hC′ were within expected assay variation among lots and between laboratories. In African toddlers, PsA-TT elicited higher hSBA titers than meningococcal polysaccharide or Hib vaccines. PsA-TT immunization or PS challenge of PsA-TT-primed subjects resulted in vigorous hSBA memory responses, and titers persisted in boosted groups for over a year. Quantifying SBA using pooled hC′ is feasible and showed that PsA-TT was highly immunogenic in African toddlers. PMID:24671551

Task-shifting challenges for provision of skilled birth attendance: a qualitative exploration.

PubMed

Chandhiok, Nomita; Joglekar, Neelam; Shrotri, Aparna; Choudhury, Panna; Chaudhury, Nayanjeet; Singh, Shalini

2015-05-01

Shortage of skilled birth attendants (SBA) is one of the determinants of maternal mortality in India. To combat this shortage, innovative task-shifting strategies to engage providers of the Indian system of medicine (Ayurveda and Homeopathy), called AYUSH practitioners (AP), to provide SBA services is being implemented. Engagement of APs for SBA service provision was assessed in 3 states of India (Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Odisha) through 73 in-depth interviews (37 with APs and 36 with programme managers). The interviews explored the providers' SBA training experience, barriers for SBA service provision, workplace and community acceptance, and the perspective of programme managers on the competence and quality of SBA services provided. SBA training led to skill enhancement with adoption of appropriate maternal and newborn care practices. A dedicated trainer, more hands-on practice, and strengthening training on newborn care practices and management of complications emerged as the training needs. Conditional involvement in SBA-related work, a discriminatory attitude at the workplace and lack of legal/regulatory authorisation were identified as barriers to the inclusion of APs in SBA service provision. Quality skill enhancement measures, an enabling work environment, a systematic task-shifting process, role definition, supportive supervision and credentialing could be key for the integration of APs and their acceptance in the health system. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Risk of colorectal cancer and small bowel adenocarcinoma in Crohn's disease: a population-based study from western Hungary 1977-2008.

PubMed

Lakatos, Peter Laszlo; David, Gyula; Pandur, Tunde; Erdelyi, Zsuzsanna; Mester, Gabor; Balogh, Mihaly; Szipocs, Istvan; Molnar, Csaba; Komaromi, Erzsebet; Kiss, Lajos S; Lakatos, Laszlo

2011-04-01

Limited data are available on the incidence and predictors of colorectal (CRC) and small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) from population-based cohorts. Since data are completely missing from Eastern Europe, our aim was to analyze the incidence and risk factors of CD associated CRC and SBA in the population-based, Veszprem province database, which included incident patients diagnosed between January 1, 1977 and December 31, 2008. The data of 506 incident CD patients were analyzed (age-at-diagnosis: 31.5, SD: 13.8 years). Both hospital and outpatient records were collected and comprehensively reviewed. CRC was diagnosed in five patients (5/5758 person-year-duration) during follow-up, while no patients developed SBA in this cohort. Standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of CRC was not increased overall with five cases observed vs. 5.02 expected (SIR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.41-2.39); however, there was a tendency for increased incidence in males (five cases observed vs. 2.56 expected; SIR: 1.95, 95% CI: 0.81-4.70). Age at onset of CD (p<0.001), male gender (p=0.022) and stenosing disease behavior at diagnosis (p<0.001) but not disease location were identified as risk factors for developing CRC in univariate analysis and Kaplan-Meier analysis. The cumulative risk for developing CRC after a disease duration of 20 years was 1.1% (95% CI: 0.6-1.7%). The incidence of CRC and SBA was not increased in this population-based CD cohort. Age at onset of CD, male gender and stenosing disease behavior at diagnosis were identified as risk factors of CRC. Copyright © 2010 European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Bismuth-embedded SBA-15 mesoporous silica for radioactive iodine capture and stable storage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Jae Hwan; Cho, Yong-Jun; Shin, Jin Myeong; Yim, Man-Sung

2015-10-01

Efficient capture and stable storage of the long-lived iodine-129 (129I), released as off-gas from nuclear fuel reprocessing, have been of significant concern in the waste management field. In this study, bismuth-embedded SBA-15 mesoporous silica was firstly applied for iodine capture and storage. SBA-15 was functionalized with thiol (-SH) groups, followed by bismuth adsorption with Bi-S bonding, which was thermally treated to form Bi2S3 within SBA-15. The bismuth-embedded SBA-15s demonstrated high iodine loading capacities (up to 540 mg-I/g-sorbent), which benefitted from high surface area and porosity of SBA-15 as well as the formation of thermodynamically stable BiI3 compound. Iodine physisorption was effectively suppressed due to the large pores present in SBA-15, resulting in chemisorption as a main mechanism for iodine confinement. Furthermore, a chemically durable iodine-bearing material was made with a facile post-sorption process, during which the iodine-incorporated phase was changed from BiI3 to chemically durable Bi5O7I. Thus, our results showed that both efficient capture and stabilization of 129I would be possible with the bismuth-embedded SBA-15, in contrast to other sorbents mainly focused on iodine capture.

13 CFR 107.630 - Requirement for Licensees to file financial statements with SBA (Form 468).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Form 468 must be audited by an independent public accountant acceptable to SBA. (2) Insurance requirement for public accountant. Unless SBA approves otherwise, your independent public accountant must...

13 CFR 127.402 - How will SBA conduct an examination?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

....402 How will SBA conduct an examination? (a) Notification. No less than 5 business days before... and information related to the concern's EDWOSB or WOSB eligibility. SBA may draw an adverse inference...

13 CFR 127.604 - How will SBA process an EDWOSB or WOSB status protest?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... ADMINISTRATION WOMEN-OWNED SMALL BUSINESS FEDERAL CONTRACT ASSISTANCE PROCEDURES Protests § 127.604 How will SBA... determination. SBA's determination is effective immediately and is final unless overturned by OHA on appeal...

77 FR 76215 - Small Business Size Regulations, Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program and Small...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-27

... overall goal of simplification and maximization of benefits for small businesses, SBA proposed amendments... franchisee. F. Section 121.704--When SBA Determines Size and Eligibility SBA's proposed regulations for the...

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Moritz, MichaL; Laniecki, Marek, E-mail: laniecki@amu.edu.pl

A series of modified SBA-15 materials were applied in drug delivery systems. The internal surface of siliceous hexagonal structure of SBA-15 was modified with different amount of (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (MPTMS) and oxidized in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The sulfonated material was loaded with metoprolol tartrate or papaverine hydrochloride. Both drugs indicated strong chemical interaction with modified mesoporous surface. The characteristic of the obtained materials was performed with XRD and DRUV-vis spectrometry, themogravimetry and nitrogen adsorption (BET) measurements. The obtained results show that modification of the mesoporous materials leads towards significant decrease of the drug delivery rate. - Graphical abstract: XRDmore » and DSC of the -SO{sub 3}H modified SBA-15 loaded with metoprolol. Highlights: > Modification of SBA-15 internal channels with SO{sub 3}H groups. > Adsorption of metoprolol and papaverine on modified SBA-15. > Uniform and homogeneous distribution of the drugs inside the mesoporous structure of SBA-15. > Release of the supported drugs.« less

Hydrodeoxygenation of Guaiacol Over Pt/Al-SBA-15 Catalysts.

PubMed

Yu, Mi Jin; Park, Sung Hoon; Jeon, Jong-Ki; Ryu, Changkook; Sohn, Jung Min; Kim, Sang Chai; Park, Young-Kwon

2015-01-01

Upgrading of bio-oil through catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reaction was investigated for guaiacol as a model compound. A batch reactor was used for the reaction condition of 40 bar and 250 degrees C. The target product was cyclohexane. Pt/Al-SBA-15 with the Si/Al ratios of 20, 40, and 80 and Pt/HZSM-5 were used as the catalyst. The SBA-15 catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction analysis, and temperature programmed desorption of ammonia. The order of cyclohexane yield was Pt/Al-SBA-15 (Si/Al = 20) > Pt/Al-SBA-15(40) > Pt/Al-SBA-15 (80), indicating that the quantity of acid sites plays an important role in the HDO reaction. On the other hand, Pt/HZSM-5 led to a very low cyclohexane yield, in spite of its abundant strong acid sites, due to its small pore size.

Efficient low-temperature soot combustion by bimetallic Ag-Cu/SBA-15 catalysts.

PubMed

Wen, Zhaojun; Duan, Xinping; Hu, Menglin; Cao, Yanning; Ye, Linmin; Jiang, Lilong; Yuan, Youzhu

2018-02-01

In this study, the effects of copper (Cu) additive on the catalytic performance of Ag/SBA-15 in complete soot combustion were investigated. The soot combustion performance of bimetallic Ag-Cu/SBA-15 catalysts was higher than that of monometallic Ag and Cu catalysts. The optimum catalytic performance was acquired with the 5Ag 1 -Cu 0.1 /SBA-15 catalyst, on which the soot combustion starts at T ig =225°C with a T 50 =285°C. The temperature for 50% of soot combustion was lower than that of conventional Ag-based catalysts to more than 50°C (Aneggi et al., 2009). Physicochemical characterizations of the catalysts indicated that addition of Cu into Ag could form smaller bimetallic Ag-Cu nanolloy particles, downsizing the mean particle size from 3.7nm in monometallic catalyst to 2.6nm in bimetallic Ag-Cu catalyst. Further experiments revealed that Ag and Cu species elicited synergistic effects, subsequently increasing the content of surface active oxygen species. As a result, the structure modifications of Ag by the addition of Cu strongly intensified the catalytic performance. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

High-yield expression of recombinant soybean agglutinin in plants using transient and stable systems.

PubMed

Tremblay, Reynald; Feng, Mary; Menassa, Rima; Huner, Norman P A; Jevnikar, Anthony M; Ma, Shengwu

2011-04-01

Soybean agglutinin (SBA) is a specific N-acetylgalactosamine-binding plant lectin that can agglutinate a wide variety of cells. SBA has great potential for medical and biotechnology-focused applications, including screening and treatment of breast cancer, isolation of fetal cells from maternal blood for genetic screening, the possibility as a carrier system for oral drug delivery, and utilization as an affinity tag for high-quality purification of tagged proteins. The success of these applications, to a large degree, critically depends on the development of a highly efficient expression system for a source of recombinant SBA (rSBA). Here, we demonstrate the utility of transient and stable expression systems in Nicotiana benthamiana and potato, respectively, for the production of rSBA, with the transgenic protein accumulated to 4% of total soluble protein (TSP) in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and 0.3% of TSP in potato tubers. Furthermore, we show that both plant-derived rSBAs retain their ability to induce the agglutination of red blood cells, are similarly glycosylated when compared with native SBA, retained their binding specificity for N-acetylgalactosamine, and were highly resistant to degradation in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids. Affinity column purification using N-acetylgalactosamine as a specific ligand resulted in high recovery and purity of rSBA. This work is the first step toward use of rSBA for various new applications, including the development of rSBA as a novel affinity tag for simplified purification of tagged proteins and as a new carrier molecule for delivery of oral drugs.

Mechanism for enhanced degradation of clofibric acid in aqueous by catalytic ozonation over MnOx/SBA-15.

PubMed

Sun, Qiangqiang; Wang, Yu; Li, Laisheng; Bing, Jishuai; Wang, Yingxin; Yan, Huihua

2015-04-09

Comparative experiments were conducted to investigate the catalytic ability of MnO(x)/SBA-15 for the ozonation of clofibric acid (CA) and its reaction mechanism. Compared with ozonation alone, the degradation of CA was barely enhanced, while the removal of TOC was significantly improved by catalytic ozonation (O3/MnO(x)/SBA-15). Adsorption of CA and its intermediates by MnO(x)/SBA-15 was proved unimportant in O3/MnO(x)/SBA-15 due to the insignificant adsorption of CA and little TOC variation after ceasing ozone in stopped-flow experiment. The more remarkably inhibition effect of sodium bisulfite (NaHSO3) on the removal of TOC in catalytic ozonation than in ozonation alone elucidated that MnO(x)/SBA-15 facilitated the generation of hydroxyl radicals (OH), which was further verified by electron spin-resonance spectroscopy (ESR). Highly dispersed MnO(x) on SBA-15 were believed to be the main active component in MnO(x)/SBA-15. Some intermediates were indentified and different degradation routes of CA were proposed in both ozonation alone and catalytic ozonation. The amounts of small molecular carboxylic acids (i.e., formic acid (FA), acetic acid (AA) and oxalic acid (OA)) generated in catalytic ozonation were lower than in ozonation alone, resulting from the generation of more OH. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Monitoring intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy using the fetal myocardial performance index: a cohort study.

PubMed

Henry, A; Welsh, A W

2015-11-01

To investigate use of the fetal myocardial performance index (MPI) in assessing intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). This was a cohort study including cross-sectional and longitudinal data from 31 women with ICP recruited from June 2012 to March 2014. Fetal left, right and delta MPI (LMPI, RMPI and DMPI), and routine measures of fetal growth and wellbeing, were obtained at each ultrasound examination. Results were evaluated with respect to gestational age (GA)-adjusted reference intervals, level of maternal serum bile acid (SBA) and fetal outcome. Lower SBA (≥ 7.5 and < 40 μmol/L) and high SBA (≥ 40 μmol/L) subgroups of cases were defined for the analysis. A total of 51 ultrasound examinations were performed in 33 fetuses. The mean LMPI, and means of its isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT) and isovolumetric contraction time (ICT) components were significantly higher in all subgroups of cases of ICP relative to the normal reference mean. Considering only the first examination in each case of ICP, IRT was significantly more prolonged in the high SBA group (n = 10) in comparison to the lower SBA group (n = 23) (52.7 ± 8.0 ms vs 47.3 ± 4.8 ms, P = 0.02), and both IRT (r = 0.538, P = 0.001) and LMPI (r = 0.367, P = 0.036) were significantly correlated with SBA concentration. The proportion of high SBA cases with LMPI, RMPI or DMPI > 2 SD above the GA-adjusted reference mean was not significantly greater than for the lower SBA group. On analysis of all data from those cases with more than one examination, no significant correlation was found between SBA concentration and any of the MPI variables. LMPI values increase above the population GA-adjusted mean in cases of ICP, particularly amongst women with higher SBA. A significant correlation between IRT and LMPI at initial examination and increasing SBA concentration was found. A future multicenter prospective study may clarify the prognostic utility of MPI in ICP. Copyright © 2014 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

13 CFR 107.1230 - Draw-downs by Licensee under SBA's Leverage commitment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... been no material adverse change in your financial condition since your last filing of SBA Form 468 (see... belief, you are in compliance with all provisions of the Act and SBA regulations (i.e., no unresolved...

13 CFR 101.103 - Where are SBA's field offices located?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... addresses, phone numbers and jurisdictions served is periodically published in the Federal Register. You can also obtain the address and phone number of an SBA office to serve you by calling 1-800-8-ASK-SBA or 1...

76 FR 56262 - Community Advantage Pilot Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-12

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Docket No. SBA 2011-0003] Community Advantage Pilot Program AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA). ACTION: Notice of change to Community Advantage Pilot... Community Advantage Pilot Program. In that notice, SBA modified or waived as appropriate certain regulations...

13 CFR 101.103 - Where are SBA's field offices located?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... addresses, phone numbers and jurisdictions served is periodically published in the Federal Register. You can also obtain the address and phone number of an SBA office to serve you by calling 1-800-8-ASK-SBA or 1...

13 CFR 101.103 - Where are SBA's field offices located?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... addresses, phone numbers and jurisdictions served is periodically published in the Federal Register. You can also obtain the address and phone number of an SBA office to serve you by calling 1-800-8-ASK-SBA or 1...

13 CFR 101.103 - Where are SBA's field offices located?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... addresses, phone numbers and jurisdictions served is periodically published in the Federal Register. You can also obtain the address and phone number of an SBA office to serve you by calling 1-800-8-ASK-SBA or 1...

13 CFR 101.103 - Where are SBA's field offices located?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... addresses, phone numbers and jurisdictions served is periodically published in the Federal Register. You can also obtain the address and phone number of an SBA office to serve you by calling 1-800-8-ASK-SBA or 1...

The role of anti-NHba antibody in bactericidal activity elicited by the meningococcal serogroup B vaccine, MenB-4C.

PubMed

Partridge, Elizabeth; Lujan, Eduardo; Giuntini, Serena; Vu, David M; Granoff, Dan M

2017-07-24

MenB-4C (Bexsero®) is a multicomponent serogroup B meningococcal vaccine. For vaccine licensure, efficacy was inferred from serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) against three antigen-specific indicator strains. The bactericidal role of antibody to the fourth vaccine antigen, Neisserial Heparin binding antigen (NHba), is incompletely understood. We identified nine adults immunized with two or three doses of MenB-4C who had sufficient volumes of sera and >3-fold increases in SBA titer against a strain with high NHba expression, which was mismatched with the other three MenB-4C antigens that elicit SBA. Using 1month-post-immunization sera we measured the effect of depletion of anti-NHba and/or anti-Factor H binding protein (FHbp) antibodies on SBA. Against three strains matched with the vaccine only for NHba, depletion of anti-NHba decreased SBA titers by an average of 43-79% compared to mock-adsorbed sera (P<0.05). Despite expression of sub-family A FHbp (mismatched with the sub-family B vaccine antigen), depletion of anti-FHbp antibodies also decreased SBA by 45-64% (P<0.05). Depletion of both antibodies decreased SBA by 84-100%. Against a strain with sub-family B FHbp and expression of NHba with 100% identity to the vaccine antigen, depletion of anti-NHba decreased SBA by an average of 26%, compared to mock-adsorbed sera (P<0.0001), and depletion of anti-FHbp antibody decreased SBA by 92% (P<0.0001). Anti-NHba antibody can contribute to SBA elicited by MenB-4C, particularly in concert with anti-FHbp antibody. However, some high NHba-expressing strains are resistant, even with an exact match between the amino acid sequence of the vaccine and strain antigens. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Probing the Role of Zr Addition versus Textural Properties in Enhancement of CO 2 Adsorption Performance in Silica/PEI Composite Sorbents

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sakwa-Novak, Miles A.; Holewinski, Adam; Hoyt, Caroline B.

2015-08-08

Polymeric amines such as poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) supported on mesoporous oxides are promising candidate adsorbents for CO 2 capture processes. One important aspect to the design and optimization of these materials is a fundamental understanding of how the properties of the oxide support such as pore structure, particle morphology, and surface properties affect the efficiency of the guest polymer in its interactions with CO 2. Previously, the efficiency of impregnated PEI to adsorb CO 2 was shown to increase upon the addition of Zr as a surface modifier in SBA-15. But, the efficacy of this method to tune the adsorption performancemore » has not been explored in materials of differing textural and morphological nature. These issues are directly addressed via the preparation of an array of SBA-15 support materials with varying textural and morphological properties, as well as varying content of zirconium doped into the material. Zirconium is incorporated into the SBA-15 either during the synthesis of the SBA-15, or postsynthetically via deposition of Zr species onto pure-silica SBA-15. The method of Zr incorporation alters the textural and morphological properties of the parent SBA-15 in different ways. Importantly, the CO 2 capacity of SBA-15 impregnated with PEI increases by a maximum of ~60% with the quantity of doped Zr for a “standard” SBA-15 containing significant microporosity, while no increase in the CO 2 capacity is observed upon Zr incorporation for an SBA-15 with reduced microporosity and a larger pore size, pore volume, and particle size. Finally, adsorbents supported on SBA-15 with controlled particle morphology show only modest increases in CO 2 capacity upon inclusion of Zr to the silica framework. The data demonstrate that the textural and morphological properties of the support have a more significant impact on the ability of PEI to capture CO 2 than the support surface composition.« less

Probing the Role of Zr Addition versus Textural Properties in Enhancement of CO₂ Adsorption Performance in Silica/PEI Composite Sorbents.

PubMed

Sakwa-Novak, Miles A; Holewinski, Adam; Hoyt, Caroline B; Yoo, Chun-Jae; Chai, Song-Hai; Dai, Sheng; Jones, Christopher W

2015-09-01

Polymeric amines such as poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) supported on mesoporous oxides are promising candidate adsorbents for CO2 capture processes. An important aspect to the design and optimization of these materials is a fundamental understanding of how the properties of the oxide support such as pore structure, particle morphology, and surface properties affect the efficiency of the guest polymer in its interactions with CO2. Previously, the efficiency of impregnated PEI to adsorb CO2 was shown to increase upon the addition of Zr as a surface modifier in SBA-15. However, the efficacy of this method to tune the adsorption performance has not been explored in materials of differing textural and morphological nature. Here, these issues are directly addressed via the preparation of an array of SBA-15 support materials with varying textural and morphological properties, as well as varying content of zirconium doped into the material. Zirconium is incorporated into the SBA-15 either during the synthesis of the SBA-15, or postsynthetically via deposition of Zr species onto pure-silica SBA-15. The method of Zr incorporation alters the textural and morphological properties of the parent SBA-15 in different ways. Importantly, the CO2 capacity of SBA-15 impregnated with PEI increases by a maximum of ∼60% with the quantity of doped Zr for a "standard" SBA-15 containing significant microporosity, while no increase in the CO2 capacity is observed upon Zr incorporation for an SBA-15 with reduced microporosity and a larger pore size, pore volume, and particle size. Finally, adsorbents supported on SBA-15 with controlled particle morphology show only modest increases in CO2 capacity upon inclusion of Zr to the silica framework. The data demonstrate that the textural and morphological properties of the support have a more significant impact on the ability of PEI to capture CO2 than the support surface composition.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sakwa-Novak, Miles A.; Holewinski, Adam; Hoyt, Caroline B.

Polymeric amines such as poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) supported on mesoporous oxides are promising candidate adsorbents for CO2 capture processes. An important aspect to the design and optimization of these materials is a fundamental understanding of how the properties of the oxide support such as pore structure, particle morphology, and surface properties affect the efficiency of the guest polymer in its interactions with CO2. Previously, the efficiency of impregnated PEI to adsorb CO2 was shown to increase upon the addition of Zr as a surface modifier in SBA-15. However, the efficacy of this method to tune the adsorption performance has not beenmore » explored in materials of differing textural and morphological nature. Here, these issues are directly addressed via the preparation of an array of SBA-15 support materials with varying textural and morphological properties, as well as varying content of zirconium doped into the material. Zirconium is incorporated into the SBA-15 either during the synthesis of the SBA-15, or postsynthetically via deposition of Zr species onto pure-silica SBA-15. The method of Zr incorporation alters the textural and morphological properties of the parent SBA-15 in different ways. Importantly, the CO2 capacity of SBA-15 impregnated with PEI increases by a maximum of ~60% with the quantity of doped Zr for a “standard” SBA-15 containing significant microporosity, while no increase in the CO2 capacity is observed upon Zr incorporation for an SBA-15 with reduced microporosity and a larger pore size, pore volume, and particle size. Finally, adsorbents supported on SBA-15 with controlled particle morphology show only modest increases in CO2 capacity upon inclusion of Zr to the silica framework. The data demonstrate that the textural and morphological properties of the support have a more significant impact on the ability of PEI to capture CO2 than the support surface composition.« less

TiO₂ supported over SBA-15: an efficient photocatalyst for the pesticide degradation using solar light.

PubMed

Phanikrishna Sharma, M V; Durga Kumari, V; Subrahmanyam, M

2008-11-01

Photocatalytic degradation and mineralization of pesticides are studied over TiO(2) supported mesoporous SBA-15 composite system using solar light. TiO(2) is immobilized over SBA-15 by solid sate dispersion method. The catalysts are characterized by XRD, surface area, UV-Vis diffused reflectance spectra, SEM and TEM. The detailed photocatalytic degradation studies are carried out over TiO(2), SBA-15 and different TiO(2) wt% supported SBA-15. The activity evaluation parameters such as catalyst amount, pH, and pollutant initial concentration are studied taking isoproturon as a model compound and established conditions for pesticide degradation. The optimum degradation is achieved over 10 wt% TiO(2)/SBA-15 within 30 min and the reaction is following pseudo-first order kinetics. The isoproturon mineralization is monitored with TOC reduction and it takes around 9h for disappearance. The commercial pesticide solutions containing imidacloprid and phosphamidon are also successfully degraded over these composites with the established conditions. The data indicates that 10 wt% TiO(2)/SBA-15 composite is an effective and highly active system for the pesticide degradations.

Practices of skilled birth attendants during labour, birth and the immediate postpartum period in Cambodia.

PubMed

Ith, Ponndara; Dawson, Angela; Homer, Caroline S E; Klinken Whelan, Anna

2013-04-01

maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality rates in Cambodia are high. The provision of quality care by skilled birth attendants (SBAs) in a supportive working environment is an important strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality. There has been little emphasis on examining this issue in Cambodia. The objective of this study was to establish SBA reported practices during labour, birth and the immediate postpartum periods and the factors affecting this. a descriptive qualitative design was employed using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with midwives, nurses and doctors with midwifery skills in two health centres and three referral hospitals in one province of Cambodia. Data were analysed using a thematic framework. SBA practice is not always consistent with evidence-based standards known to reduce morbidity and mortality. Ten inter-related themes emerged, which described patterns of SBA practice, were identified. These were: skills in the care of labouring women; provision of support in labour; interventions in the second stage of labour; management of the third stage of labour; cleanliness during birth; immediate care of the newborn infant and immediate postnatal care; lack of policy and authority; fear of litigation; workload and lack of human resources; and financial incentives and socio-economic influences. a gap exists between evidence-based standards and current SBA practice during labour, birth and the immediate postpartum care. This is largely driven by the lack of a supportive working environment. the findings of this research provide maternal health services, workforce planners and policy makers with valuable information to contribute to the continuous quality improvement of maternity care. The findings highlight implications for practice that may improve the quality of maternal health care. Recommendations for decision makers were made and further research is needed in order to develop theories and recommendations to improve SBA practice in Cambodia, to the benefit of the Cambodia women and newborn babies. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Surface PEGylation of mesoporous silica materials via surface-initiated chain transfer free radical polymerization: Characterization and controlled drug release.

PubMed

Huang, Long; Liu, Meiying; Mao, Liucheng; Huang, Qiang; Huang, Hongye; Wan, Qing; Tian, Jianwen; Wen, Yuanqing; Zhang, Xiaoyong; Wei, Yen

2017-12-01

As a new type of mesoporous silica materials with large pore diameter (pore size between 2 and 50nm) and high specific surface areas, SBA-15 has been widely explored for different applications especially in the biomedical fields. The surface modification of SBA-15 with functional polymers has demonstrated to be an effective way for improving its properties and performance. In this work, we reported the preparation of PEGylated SBA-15 polymer composites through surface-initiated chain transfer free radical polymerization for the first time. The thiol group was first introduced on SBA-15 via co-condensation with γ-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS), that were utilized to initiate the chain transfer free radical polymerization using poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) and itaconic acid (IA) as the monomers. The successful modification of SBA-15 with poly(PEGMA-co-IA) copolymers was evidenced by a series of characterization techniques, including 1 H NMR, FT-IR, TGA and XPS. The final SBA-15-SH- poly(PEGMA-co-IA) composites display well water dispersity and high loading capability towards cisplatin (CDDP) owing to the introduction of hydrophilic PEGMA and carboxyl groups. Furthermore, the CDDP could be released from SBA-15-SH-poly(PEGMA-co-IA)-CDDP complexes in a pH dependent behavior, suggesting the potential controlled drug delivery of SBA-15-SH-poly(PEGMA-co-IA). More importantly, the strategy should be also useful for fabrication of many other functional materials for biomedical applications owing to the advantages of SBA-15 and well monomer adoptability of chain transfer free radical polymerization. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Student-written single-best answer questions predict performance in finals.

PubMed

Walsh, Jason; Harris, Benjamin; Tayyaba, Saadia; Harris, David; Smith, Phil

2016-10-01

Single-best answer (SBA) questions are widely used for assessment in medical schools; however, often clinical staff have neither the time nor the incentive to develop high-quality material for revision purposes. A student-led approach to producing formative SBA questions offers a potential solution. Cardiff University School of Medicine students created a bank of SBA questions through a previously described staged approach, involving student question-writing, peer-review and targeted senior clinician input. We arranged questions into discrete tests and posted these online. Student volunteer performance on these tests from the 2012/13 cohort of final-year medical students was recorded and compared with the performance of these students in medical school finals (knowledge and objective structured clinical examinations, OSCEs). In addition, we compared the performance of students that participated in question-writing groups with the performance of the rest of the cohort on the summative SBA assessment. Often clinical staff have neither the time nor the incentive to develop high-quality material for revision purposes Performance in the end-of-year summative clinical knowledge SBA paper correlated strongly with performance in the formative student-written SBA test (r = ~0.60, p <0.01). There was no significant correlation between summative OSCE scores and formative student-written SBA test scores. Students who wrote and reviewed questions scored higher than average in the end-of-year summative clinical knowledge SBA paper. Student-written SBAs predict performance in end-of-year SBA examinations, and therefore can provide a potentially valuable revision resource. There is potential for student-written questions to be incorporated into summative examinations. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Synthesis and structural characterization of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles supported mesoporous silica SBA-15

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

El-Nahhal, Issa M.; Salem, Jamil K.; Selmane, Mohamed; Kodeh, Fawzi S.; Ebtihan, Heba A.

2017-01-01

Zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were loaded into mesoporous silica SBA-15 by post-synthesis and direct methods. The structural properties were characterized using wide and small angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD & SXRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and N2-adsorption desorption (BET). The WXRD showed that, the loaded zinc and copper oxides were present in crystalline forms (impregnation). The mesoporosity properties of SBA-15 silica were well maintained even after the introduction of metal oxide nanoparticles. BET analysis indicate that the impregnated and condensed ZnO and CuO supported SBA-15 nanocomposites have a lower surface area than that of its parent SBA-15.

13 CFR 121.1008 - What occurs after SBA receives a size protest or request for a formal size determination?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Chief, Office of Technology. If the protest involves the size status of a concern that SBA has certified... of privacy or confidentiality, because SBA will not disclose information obtained in the course of a...

13 CFR 126.307 - Where will SBA maintain the List of qualified HUBZone SBCs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...? Qualified HUBZone SBCs are identified by running a search on CCR/DSBS (http://dsbs.sba.gov/dsbs/dsp_dsbs.cfm) and are listed on the HUBZone Web page at https://eweb1.sba.gov/hubzone/internet/general/approved...

77 FR 6619 - Community Advantage Pilot Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-08

... access to capital for small businesses and entrepreneurs in underserved markets, SBA is issuing this... (``CA Pilot Program'') (76 FR 9626). The CA Pilot Program was introduced to increase SBA-guaranteed... small businesses and entrepreneurs in underserved markets, SBA is issuing this Notice to revise several...

13 CFR 121.101 - What are SBA size standards?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... SBA size standards? (a) SBA's size standards define whether a business entity is small and, thus... Industry Classification System (NAICS). (b) NAICS is described in the North American Industry Classification Manual-United States, which is available from the National Technical Information Service, 5285...

13 CFR 121.101 - What are SBA size standards?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... SBA size standards? (a) SBA's size standards define whether a business entity is small and, thus... Industry Classification System (NAICS). (b) NAICS is described in the North American Industry Classification Manual-United States, which is available from the National Technical Information Service, 5285...

13 CFR 108.1720 - Characteristics of SBA's guarantee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Characteristics of SBA's guarantee. 108.1720 Section 108.1720 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NEW MARKETS VENTURE CAPITAL (âNMVCâ) PROGRAM SBA Financial Assistance for NMVC Companies (Leverage) Miscellaneous...

The synthesis of novel hybrid thiol-functionalized nano-structured SBA-15

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoang, Van Duc; Phuong Dang, Tuyet; Khieu Dinh, Quang; Phu Nguyen, Huu; Vu, Anh Tuan

2010-09-01

Mesoporous thiol-functionalized SBA-15 has been directly synthesized by co-condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) with triblock copolymer P123 as-structure-directing agent under hydrothermal conditions. Surfactant removal was performed by Soxhlet ethanol extraction. These materials have been characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption/desorption (BET model), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopy (IR) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The main parameters, such as the initial molar ratio of MPTMS to TEOS, the time of adding MPTMS to synthesized gel and the Soxhlet ethanol extraction on the thiol functionalized SBA-15 with high thiol content and highly ordered hexagonal mesostructure, were investigated and evaluated. The adsorption capacity of the thiol-functionalized and non-functionalized SBA-15 materials for Pb2+ ion from aqueous solution was tested. It was found that the Pb2+ adsorption capacity of the thiol functionalized SBA-15 is three times higher than that of non-functionalized SBA-15.

One-dimensional ferromagnetic array compound [Co3(SBA)2(OH)2(H2O)2]n, (SBA = 4-sulfobenzoate)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Honda, Zentaro; Nomoto, Naoyuki; Fujihara, Takashi; Hagiwara, Masayuki; Kida, Takanori; Sawada, Yuya; Fukuda, Takeshi; Kamata, Norihiko

2018-06-01

We report on the syntheses, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of the transition metal coordination polymer [Co3(SBA)2(OH)2(H2O)2]n, (SBA = 4-sulfobenzoate) in which CoO6 octahedra are linked through their edges, forming one-dimensional (1D) Co(II) arrays running along the crystal a-axis. These arrays are further perpendicularly bridged by SBA ligand to construct a three-dimensional framework. Its magnetic properties have been investigated, and ferromagnetic interactions within the arrays have been found. From heat capacity measurements, we have found that this compound exhibits a three-dimensional ferromagnetic phase transition at TC = 1.54 K, and the specific heat just above TC shows a Schottky anomaly which originates from an energy gap caused by uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. These results suggest that [Co3(SBA)2(OH)2(H2O)2]n consists of weakly coupled 1D ferromagnetic Ising arrays.

13 CFR 120.413 - Advertisement of relationship with SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Advertisement of relationship with SBA. 120.413 Section 120.413 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Lenders Participation Criteria § 120.413 Advertisement of relationship with SBA. A Lender may...

13 CFR 120.1050 - On-site reviews and examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... operations management; (3) Credit administration; and (4) Compliance with Loan Program Requirements. (b) On... reviews. SBA may conduct on-site reviews of the SBA loan operations of SBA Lenders. The on-site review may... losses); (3) Management quality (including internal controls, loan portfolio management, and asset...

77 FR 67433 - Community Advantage Pilot Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-09

... comments. SUMMARY: The Community Advantage (``CA'') Pilot Program is a pilot program to increase SBA... small businesses and entrepreneurs in underserved markets, SBA is issuing this Notice to extend the term... Pilot Program was introduced to increase the number of SBA-guaranteed loans made to small businesses in...

13 CFR 107.560 - Subordination of SBA's creditor position.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Subordination of SBA's creditor position. 107.560 Section 107.560 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Managing the Operations of a Licensee Borrowing by Licensees from Non-Sba...

13 CFR 107.509 - Employment of SBA officials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Employment of SBA officials. 107.509 Section 107.509 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Managing the Operations of a Licensee General Requirements § 107.509 Employment of SBA...

Mind your elders: wild soybean’s contribution to soybean aphid resistance

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Currently, biotype 4 soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsamura, SBA) is the most virulent SBA biotype. Overcoming the most aphid resistant genes, SBA biotype 4 has become the greatest challenge in utilizing plant resistance in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Soybean’s wild ancestor Glycine soja (Sie...

13 CFR 107.140 - SBA approval of initial Management Expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false SBA approval of initial Management Expenses. 107.140 Section 107.140 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Qualifying for an SBIC License Organizing An Sbic § 107.140 SBA approval of...

13 CFR 120.713 - Does SBA provide technical assistance to Intermediaries?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Does SBA provide technical assistance to Intermediaries? 120.713 Section 120.713 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Microloan Program § 120.713 Does SBA provide technical assistance to Intermediaries...

13 CFR 130.810 - SBA review authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false SBA review authority. 130.810 Section 130.810 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT CENTERS § 130.810 SBA review authority. (a) Site visits. The AA/SBDCs, or a representative, on notice to...

13 CFR 120.713 - Does SBA provide technical assistance to Intermediaries?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Does SBA provide technical assistance to Intermediaries? 120.713 Section 120.713 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Microloan Program § 120.713 Does SBA provide technical assistance to Intermediaries...

13 CFR 130.810 - SBA review authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false SBA review authority. 130.810 Section 130.810 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT CENTERS § 130.810 SBA review authority. (a) Site visits. The AA/SBDCs, or a representative, on notice to...

13 CFR 120.1716 - Required SBA approval of servicing actions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Required SBA approval of servicing actions. 120.1716 Section 120.1716 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS... § 120.1716 Required SBA approval of servicing actions. Seller shall not, without prior written consent...

13 CFR 126.304 - What must a concern submit to SBA?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... changes that could affect its eligibility. The concern must also submit any additional information... boundaries of an Indian reservation must use SBA's maps (located at https://eweb1.sba.gov/hubzone/internet... Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) Land Titles and Records Office with jurisdiction over the concern's area...

13 CFR 121.103 - How does SBA determine affiliation?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

....103 How does SBA determine affiliation? (a) General Principles of Affiliation. (1) Concerns and... the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 U.S.C. 1141j), are not considered affiliated with the cooperative... agreements in principle) to have a present effect on the power to control a concern. SBA treats such options...

13 CFR 107.510 - SBA approval of Licensee's Investment Adviser/Manager.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false SBA approval of Licensee's Investment Adviser/Manager. 107.510 Section 107.510 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS... Compensation § 107.510 SBA approval of Licensee's Investment Adviser/Manager. You may employ an Investment...

13 CFR 107.1520 - How a Licensee computes and allocates Prioritized Payments to SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false How a Licensee computes and allocates Prioritized Payments to SBA. 107.1520 Section 107.1520 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES SBA Financial Assistance for Licensees...

13 CFR 107.1560 - Distributions by Licensee-required Distributions to private investors and SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Distributions by Licensee-required Distributions to private investors and SBA. 107.1560 Section 107.1560 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES SBA Financial Assistance for Licensees...

13 CFR 107.1570 - Distributions by Licensee-optional Distribution to private investors and SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Distributions by Licensee-optional Distribution to private investors and SBA. 107.1570 Section 107.1570 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES SBA Financial Assistance for Licensees...

76 FR 36887 - Reducing Regulatory Burden; Retrospective Review Under E.O. 13563

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-23

... methods: Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov . Identify comments by ``Docket No. SBA... (76 FR 13532). SBA received 11 comments in Regulations.gov from a mix of small business trade organizations, a small business owner, an SBA loan program participating lender, an advocacy and research...

13 CFR 127.402 - How will SBA conduct an examination?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false How will SBA conduct an examination? 127.402 Section 127.402 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION WOMEN-OWNED SMALL BUSINESS FEDERAL CONTRACT ASSISTANCE PROCEDURES Eligibility Examinations § 127.402 How will SBA...

13 CFR 120.1718 - SBA's right to assume Seller's responsibilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false SBA's right to assume Seller's responsibilities. 120.1718 Section 120.1718 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Establishment of SBA Secondary Market Guarantee Program for First Lien Position 504 Loan Pools...

13 CFR 108.1710 - SBA authority to collect or compromise its claims.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false SBA authority to collect or compromise its claims. 108.1710 Section 108.1710 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NEW MARKETS VENTURE CAPITAL (âNMVCâ) PROGRAM SBA Financial Assistance for NMVC Companies (Leverage...

75 FR 13329 - Implications of Financial Accounting System (FAS) 166 on SBA Guaranteed Loan Programs

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-19

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION [Docket No. SBA-2010-0005] Implications of Financial Accounting... from the public on: (1) The effect that the accounting changes mandated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in Financial Accounting Standard (FAS) 166 have on SBA Lender and investor...

77 FR 7655 - Renewal of Discretionary Advisory Committees

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-13

... about SBA's Advisory Committees can be directed to SBA's Committee Management Officer, Dan Jones, telephone (202) 205-7583, fax (202) 481-6536, email dan[email protected] or mail, U.S. Small Business... District Advisory Council. Dated: February 7, 2012. Dan Jones, SBA Committee Management Officer. [FR Doc...

13 CFR 121.1001 - Who may initiate a size protest or request a formal size determination?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... the apparent successful offeror, or the Associate Administrator for Business Development. (3) For SBA... Administrator for Business Development; (6) For SBA's HUBZone program, the following entities may protest in... of Government Contracting, or the Associate Administrator for Business Development. (8) For SBA's...

Hydroxyapatite/MCM-41 and SBA-15 Nano-Composites: Preparation, Characterization and Applications

PubMed Central

Anunziata, Oscar A.; Martínez, Maria L.; Beltramone, Andrea R.

2009-01-01

Composites of hydroxyapatite (HaP) and highly ordered large pore mesoporous silica molecular sieves such as, Al-SBA-15 and Al-MCM-41 (denoted as SBA-15 and MCM-41, respectively) were developed, characterized by XRD, BET, FTIR, HRTEM and NMR-MAS, and applied to fluoride retention from contaminated water. The proposed procedure by a new route to prepare the HaP/SBA-15 and HaP/MCM-41, composites generates materials with aluminum only in tetrahedral coordination, according to the 27Al NMR-MAS results. Free OH- groups of HaP nanocrystals, within the hosts, allowed high capacity fluoride retention. The activity of fluoride retention using HaP/MCM-41 or HaP/SBA-15 was 1-2 orders of magnitude greater, respectively, than with pure HaP.

Functionalized SBA-15 materials for bilirubin adsorption

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tang, Tao; Zhao, Yanling; Xu, Yao; Wu, Dong; Xu, Jun; Deng, Feng

2011-05-01

To investigate the driving force for bilirubin adsorption on mesoporous materials, a comparative study was carried out between pure siliceous SBA-15 and three functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous materials: CH 3-SBA-15 (MS), NH 2-SBA-15 (AS), and CH 3/NH 2-SBA-15 (AMS) that were synthesized by one-pot method. The obtained materials exhibited large surface areas (553-810 m 2/g) and pore size (6.6-7.1 nm) demonstrated by XRD and N 2-ad/desorption analysis. The SEM images showed that the materials had similar fiberlike morphology. The functionalization extent was calculated according to 29Si MAS NMR spectra and it was close to the designed value (10%). The synthesized mesoporous materials were used as bilirubin adsorbents and showed higher bilirubin adsorption capacities than the commercial active carbon. The adsorption capacities of amine functionalized samples AMS and AS were larger than those of pure siliceous SBA-15 and MS, indicating that electrostatic interaction was the dominant driving force for bilirubin adsorption on mesoporous materials. Increasing the ionic strength of bilirubin solution by adding NaCl would decrease the bilirubin adsorption capacity of mesoporous material, which further demonstrated that the electrostatic interaction was the dominant driving force for bilirubin adsorption. In addition, the hydrophobic interaction provided by methyl groups could promote the bilirubin adsorption.

Production of Ethylene through Ethanol Dehydration on SBA-15 Catalysts Synthesized by Sol-gel and One-step Hydrothermal Methods.

PubMed

Autthanit, Chaowat; Jongsomjit, Bunjerd

2018-02-01

The present work deals with the catalytic performance of SBA-15 supported catalysts in the gas phase catalytic dehydration of ethanol in the temperature range of 200 to 400°C. The SBA-15 support was incorporated on a zirconium (Zr) and bimetal of zirconium and lanthanum (Zr-La) prepared by sol-gel (SG) and hydrothermal (HT) methods. The catalysts were characterized by means of N 2 physisorption, SEM/EDX, and NH 3 -TPD. The experimental results demonstrated that the Zr-La/SBA-15-HT exhibited the highest catalytic activity. Ethanol conversion and ethylene selectivity were found to increase with increased reaction temperature. The best catalytic results were achieved for Zr-La/SBA-15-HT indicating values of ethanol conversion and ethylene yield of ca. 84% and 80%, respectively at 400°C. The most important parameter influencing their catalytic properties appears to be the interaction between metal and support depending on different methods. The metal dispersion inside the siliceous matrix of SBA-15 has a direct influence on their surface acidity. Meanwhile, the performance of these SBA-15 supported catalysts in ethanol dehydration is also related with the alteration of surface acidity caused by the introduction of Zr and Zr-La.

Dissolution enhancement of a model poorly water-soluble drug, atorvastatin, with ordered mesoporous silica: comparison of MSF with SBA-15 as drug carriers.

PubMed

Maleki, Aziz; Hamidi, Mehrdad

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study was to develop mesoporous silica materials incorporated with poorly water-soluble drug atorvastatin calcium (AC) in order to improve drug dissolution, and intended to be orally administrated. A comparison between 2D-hexagonal silica nanostructured SBA-15 and mesocellular siliceous foam (MSF) with continuous 3D pore system on drug release rate was investigated. AC-loaded mesoporous silicas were characterized thorough N2 adsorption-desorption analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Results demonstrated a successful incorporation of AC into the silica-based hosts. The results taken from the drug release tests were also analyzed using different parameters, namely similarity factor (f2), difference factor (f1), dissolution efficiency (DE%), mean dissolution rate (MDR) and dissolution time (tm%). It confirmed a significant enhancement in the release profile of atorvastatin calcium with SBA-15, and MSF as drug carrier. Moreover, in comparison with SBA-15, MSF showed faster release rate of AC in enzyme-free simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2). We believed that our findings can help the use of mesoporous silica materials in improving bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs.

Functionalization of SBA-15 mesoporous silica by Cu-phosphonate units: Probing of synthesis route

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Laskowski, Lukasz, E-mail: lukasz.laskowski@kik.pcz.pl; Czestochowa University of Technology, Institute of Physics, Al. Armii Krajowej 19, 42-201 Czestochowa; Laskowska, Magdalena, E-mail: magdalena.laskowska@onet.pl

2014-12-15

Mesoporous silica SBA-15 containing propyl-copper phosphonate units was investigated. The structure of mesoporous samples was tested by N{sub 2} isothermal sorption (BET and BHJ analysis), TEM microscopy and X-Ray scattering. Quantitative analysis EDX has given information about proportions between component atoms in the sample. Quantitative elemental analysis has been carried out to support EDX. To examine bounding between copper atoms and phosphonic units the Raman spectroscopy was carried out. As a support of Raman scattering, the theoretical calculations were made based on density functional theory, with the B3LYP method. By comparison of the calculated vibrational spectra of the molecule withmore » experimental results, distribution of the active units inside silica matrix has been determined. - Graphical abstract: The present study is devoted to mesoporous silica SBA-15 containing propyl-copper phosphonate units. The species were investigated to confirm of synthesis procedure correctness by the micro-Raman technique combined with DFT numerical simulations. Complementary research was carried out to test the structure of mesoporous samples. - Highlights: • SBA-15 silica functionalized with propyl-copper phosphonate units was synthesized. • Synthesis efficiency probed by Raman study supported with DFT simulations. • Homogenous distribution of active units was proved. • Synthesis route enables precise control of distance between copper ions.« less

13 CFR 102.39 - SBA's exempt Privacy Act systems of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false SBA's exempt Privacy Act systems... DISCLOSURE AND PRIVACY Protection of Privacy and Access to Individual Records Under the Privacy Act of 1974 § 102.39 SBA's exempt Privacy Act systems of records. (a) Systems of records subject to investigatory...

13 CFR 120.434 - What are SBA's requirements for loan pledges?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false What are SBA's requirements for loan pledges? 120.434 Section 120.434 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Lenders Other Conveyances § 120.434 What are SBA's requirements for loan pledges? (a) Except...

13 CFR 101.104 - What are the functions of SBA's field offices?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false What are the functions of SBA's field offices? 101.104 Section 101.104 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.104 What are the functions of SBA's field offices? (a) Regional offices. Regional...

76 FR 76907 - Small Business Investment Companies-Early Stage SBICs

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-09

... respect to geographic location. SBA's primary concern in terms of geography is to ensure that the Early... SBICs is the primary source of cash used to service their SBA debt. SBA expects that some Early Stage...--Early Stage SBICs AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration. ACTION: Proposed rule. SUMMARY: In this...

13 CFR 126.201 - Who does SBA consider to own a HUBZone SBC?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... persons who are U.S. citizens. (b) Partnerships. SBA considers all partners, whether general or limited, to be owners in a partnership. (c) Sole proprietorships. The proprietor is the owner. (d) Limited liability companies. SBA considers each member to be an owner of a limited liability company. [69 FR 29422...

13 CFR 120.413 - Advertisement of relationship with SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Advertisement of relationship with SBA. 120.413 Section 120.413 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Lenders Participation Criteria § 120.413 Advertisement of relationship with SBA. A Lender may refer in its advertising to its participation wit...

43 CFR 5441.1-3 - SBA set-aside sales.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false SBA set-aside sales. 5441.1-3 Section 5441... MANAGEMENT, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOREST MANAGEMENT (5000) CONDUCT OF SALES Advertised Sales § 5441.1-3 SBA set-aside sales. Only bids of small business concerns which have filed a self-certification...

43 CFR 5441.1-3 - SBA set-aside sales.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false SBA set-aside sales. 5441.1-3 Section 5441... MANAGEMENT, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOREST MANAGEMENT (5000) CONDUCT OF SALES Advertised Sales § 5441.1-3 SBA set-aside sales. Only bids of small business concerns which have filed a self-certification...

43 CFR 5441.1-3 - SBA set-aside sales.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 43 Public Lands: Interior 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false SBA set-aside sales. 5441.1-3 Section 5441... MANAGEMENT, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOREST MANAGEMENT (5000) CONDUCT OF SALES Advertised Sales § 5441.1-3 SBA set-aside sales. Only bids of small business concerns which have filed a self-certification...

13 CFR 120.465 - Civil penalty for late submission of required reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... must submit complete reports by the due dates described in the regulations or as directed in writing by... SBA Supervised Lender in writing of the amount of civil penalties imposed either upon receiving the... amount to SBA within 30 days of the date of SBA's written demand. (d) Identification during examination...

13 CFR 120.465 - Civil penalty for late submission of required reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... must submit complete reports by the due dates described in the regulations or as directed in writing by... SBA Supervised Lender in writing of the amount of civil penalties imposed either upon receiving the... amount to SBA within 30 days of the date of SBA's written demand. (d) Identification during examination...

13 CFR 120.465 - Civil penalty for late submission of required reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... must submit complete reports by the due dates described in the regulations or as directed in writing by... SBA Supervised Lender in writing of the amount of civil penalties imposed either upon receiving the... amount to SBA within 30 days of the date of SBA's written demand. (d) Identification during examination...

13 CFR 120.465 - Civil penalty for late submission of required reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... must submit complete reports by the due dates described in the regulations or as directed in writing by... SBA Supervised Lender in writing of the amount of civil penalties imposed either upon receiving the... amount to SBA within 30 days of the date of SBA's written demand. (d) Identification during examination...

13 CFR 142.41 - How does SBA protect the rights of defendants?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false How does SBA protect the rights of... CIVIL REMEDIES ACT REGULATIONS Decisions and Appeals § 142.41 How does SBA protect the rights of defendants? These procedures separate the functions of the investigating official, reviewing official, and...

13 CFR 126.305 - What format must the certification to SBA take?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What format must the certification to SBA take? 126.305 Section 126.305 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION... submit the required information in either a written or electronic application form provided by SBA. An...

13 CFR 105.204 - Assistance to SBA employees or members of their household.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Assistance to SBA employees or members of their household. 105.204 Section 105.204 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS... their household. Without the prior written approval of the Standards of Conduct Committee, no SBA...

13 CFR 108.1200 - SBA's Leverage commitment to a NMVC Company-application procedure, amount, and term.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... NMVC Company-application procedure, amount, and term. 108.1200 Section 108.1200 Business Credit and... Assistance for NMVC Companies (Leverage) Conditional Commitments by Sba to Reserve Leverage for A Nmvc Company § 108.1200 SBA's Leverage commitment to a NMVC Company—application procedure, amount, and term. (a...

13 CFR 108.510 - SBA approval of NMVC Company's Investment Adviser/Manager.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false SBA approval of NMVC Company's Investment Adviser/Manager. 108.510 Section 108.510 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS... and Compensation § 108.510 SBA approval of NMVC Company's Investment Adviser/Manager. You may employ...

13 CFR 120.465 - Civil penalty for late submission of required reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... discretion. SBA will consider the following factors in determining willful neglect: (i) Whether the SBA... consider the following factors: (i) Whether there is reasonable cause for failure to file timely and it was... will accrue while the request is pending. (g) Reconsideration of decisions. An SBA Supervised Lender...

13 CFR 107.1550 - Distributions by Licensee-permitted “tax Distributions” to private investors and SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Distributions by Licensee-permitted âtax Distributionsâ to private investors and SBA. 107.1550 Section 107.1550 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES SBA Financial Assistance for...

13 CFR 126.803 - How will SBA process a HUBZone status protest?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... appeal by the AA/GC&BD, or designee, pursuant to § 126.805. If SBA upholds the protest, SBA will... against it. If the AA/GCBD subsequently overturns the initial determination or dismissal, the contracting... suspended until an appellate decision is rendered. (iii) If the AA/GCBD affirms the initial determination...

13 CFR 126.803 - How will SBA process a HUBZone status protest?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... appeal by the AA/GC&BD, or designee, pursuant to § 126.805. If SBA upholds the protest, SBA will... against it. If the AA/GCBD subsequently overturns the initial determination or dismissal, the contracting... suspended until an appellate decision is rendered. (iii) If the AA/GCBD affirms the initial determination...

13 CFR 126.803 - How will SBA process a HUBZone status protest?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... appeal by the AA/GC&BD, or designee, pursuant to § 126.805. If SBA upholds the protest, SBA will... against it. If the AA/GCBD subsequently overturns the initial determination or dismissal, the contracting... suspended until an appellate decision is rendered. (iii) If the AA/GCBD affirms the initial determination...

13 CFR 120.194 - Use of computer forms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Use of computer forms. 120.194... Applying to All Business Loans Computerized Sba Forms § 120.194 Use of computer forms. Any Applicant or Participant may use computer generated SBA application forms, closing forms, and other forms designated by SBA...

13 CFR 120.194 - Use of computer forms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Use of computer forms. 120.194... Applying to All Business Loans Computerized Sba Forms § 120.194 Use of computer forms. Any Applicant or Participant may use computer generated SBA application forms, closing forms, and other forms designated by SBA...

13 CFR 120.194 - Use of computer forms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Use of computer forms. 120.194... Applying to All Business Loans Computerized Sba Forms § 120.194 Use of computer forms. Any Applicant or Participant may use computer generated SBA application forms, closing forms, and other forms designated by SBA...

13 CFR 121.107 - How does SBA determine a concern's “primary industry”?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Applicability § 121.107 How does SBA determine a concern's “primary industry”? In determining the primary industry in which a concern or a concern combined with its affiliates is engaged, SBA considers the distribution of receipts, employees and costs of doing business among the different industries in which...

13 CFR 121.107 - How does SBA determine a concern's “primary industry”?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Applicability § 121.107 How does SBA determine a concern's “primary industry”? In determining the primary industry in which a concern or a concern combined with its affiliates is engaged, SBA considers the distribution of receipts, employees and costs of doing business among the different industries in which...

13 CFR 121.107 - How does SBA determine a concern's “primary industry”?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Applicability § 121.107 How does SBA determine a concern's “primary industry”? In determining the primary industry in which a concern or a concern combined with its affiliates is engaged, SBA considers the distribution of receipts, employees and costs of doing business among the different industries in which...

13 CFR 121.107 - How does SBA determine a concern's “primary industry”?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Applicability § 121.107 How does SBA determine a concern's “primary industry”? In determining the primary industry in which a concern or a concern combined with its affiliates is engaged, SBA considers the distribution of receipts, employees and costs of doing business among the different industries in which...

13 CFR 121.107 - How does SBA determine a concern's “primary industry”?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Applicability § 121.107 How does SBA determine a concern's “primary industry”? In determining the primary industry in which a concern or a concern combined with its affiliates is engaged, SBA considers the distribution of receipts, employees and costs of doing business among the different industries in which...

75 FR 7545 - Disaster Home Loans: FEMA Interaction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-22

... Energy Act of 2008, which require SBA to promulgate regulations in consultation with the Administrator of...), SBA may refer the disaster victim to the appropriate agency. The Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of... Sec. 123.108 to read as follows: Sec. 123.108 How do the SBA disaster loan program and the FEMA grant...

13 CFR 124.603 - What reports regarding the continued business operations of former Participants does SBA require?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... continued business operations of former Participants does SBA require? 124.603 Section 124.603 Business... What reports regarding the continued business operations of former Participants does SBA require... continued business operations, contracts, and financial condition for a period of three years following the...

13 CFR 120.194 - Use of computer forms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Use of computer forms. 120.194... Applying to All Business Loans Computerized Sba Forms § 120.194 Use of computer forms. Any Applicant or Participant may use computer generated SBA application forms, closing forms, and other forms designated by SBA...

13 CFR 120.194 - Use of computer forms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Use of computer forms. 120.194... Applying to All Business Loans Computerized Sba Forms § 120.194 Use of computer forms. Any Applicant or Participant may use computer generated SBA application forms, closing forms, and other forms designated by SBA...

13 CFR 121.1205 - How is a list of previously granted class waivers obtained?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS SIZE REGULATIONS Other Applicable Provisions Waivers of the Nonmanufacturer Rule... granted is maintained in SBA Web site at: http://www.sba.gov/aboutsba/sbaprograms/gc/programs/gc_waivers... Contracting, U.S. Small Business Administration, 409 3rd Street, SW., Washington, DC 20416, or the nearest SBA...

13 CFR 123.412 - What happens if SBA declines your business' pre-disaster mitigation loan request?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... business' pre-disaster mitigation loan request? 123.412 Section 123.412 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Pre-Disaster Mitigation Loans § 123.412 What happens if SBA declines your business' pre-disaster mitigation loan request? If SBA declines your business...

13 CFR 107.650 - Requirement to report portfolio valuations to SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Requirement to report portfolio valuations to SBA. 107.650 Section 107.650 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL... Reporting Requirements for Licensees § 107.650 Requirement to report portfolio valuations to SBA. You must...

Two-Solvent Method Synthesis of NiO/ZnO Nanoparticles Embedded in Mesoporous SBA-15: Photocatalytic Properties Study.

PubMed

Dai, Peng; Yan, Tao-Tao; Yu, Xin-Xin; Bai, Zhi-Man; Wu, Ming-Zai

2016-12-01

Different loadings of NiO/ZnO nanoparticles embedded in mesoporous silica (SBA-15) were prepared via a two-solvent method with the ordered hexagonal mesoporous structure of SBA-15 kept. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, diffusive reflective UV-vis spectroscopy, and N2 adsorption porosimetry were employed to characterize the nanocomposites. The results indicate that the ordered hexagonal mesoporous structure of SBA-15 is kept and the absorption band edges of the nanocomposites shift into the ultraviolet light regime. The photocatalytic activity of our samples for degradation of methylene orange was investigated under UV light irradiation, and the results show that the nanocomposites have higher photodegradation ability toward methylene orange than commercial pure P-25. The photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposites was found to be dependent on both the adsorption ability of the SBA-15 and the photocatalytic activity of NiO-ZnO nanoparticles encapsulated in SBA-15. In addition, there is an optimal loading of NiO-ZnO nanoparticles. Too high or low loading will lower the photodegradation ability of the nanocomposites.

Immobilization of lipase and keratinase on functionalized SBA-15 nanostructured materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Le, Hy G.; Vu, Tuan A.; Tran, Hoa T. K.; Dang, Phuong T.

2013-12-01

SBA-15 nanostructured materials were synthesized via hydrothermal treatment and were functionalized with 3- aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The obtained samples were characterized by different techniques such as XRD, BET, TEM, IR and DTA. After functionalization, it showed that these nanostrucrured materials still maintained the hexagonal pore structure of the parent SBA-15. The model enzyms chosen in this study were lipase and keratinase. Lipase was a biocatalyst for hydrolyzation of long chain triglycerides or methyl esters of long chain alcohols and fatty acids; keratinase is a proteolytic enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of keratin. The functionalized SBA-15 materials were used to immobilize lipase and keratinase, exhibiting higher activity than that of the unfunctionalized pure silica SBA-15 ones. This might be due to the enhancing of surface hydrophobicity upon functionalization. The surface functionalization of the nanostructured silicas with organic groups can favor the interaction between enzyme and the supports and consequently increasing the operational stability of the immobilized enzymes. The loading of lipase on functionalized SBA-15 materials was higher than that of keratinase. This might be rationalized by the difference in size of enzyms.

Ni Nanoparticles Supported on Cage-Type Mesoporous Silica for CO2 Hydrogenation with High CH4 Selectivity.

PubMed

Budi, Canggih Setya; Wu, Hung-Chi; Chen, Ching-Shiun; Saikia, Diganta; Kao, Hsien-Ming

2016-09-08

Ni nanoparticles (around 4 nm diameter) were successfully supported on cage-type mesoporous silica SBA-16 (denoted as Ni@SBA-16) via wet impregnation at pH 9, followed by the calcination-reduction process. The Ni@SBA-16 catalyst with a very high Ni loading amount (22.9 wt %) exhibited exceptionally high CH4 selectivity for CO2 hydrogenation. At a nearly identical loading amount, the Ni@SBA-16 catalysts with smaller particle size of Ni NPs surprisingly exhibited a higher catalytic activity of CO2 hydrogenation and also led to a higher selectivity on CH4 formation than the Ni@SiO2 catalysts. This enhanced activity of the Ni@SBA-16 catalyst is suggested to be an accumulative result of the advantageous structural properties of the support SBA-16 and the well confined Ni NPs within the support; both induced a favorable reaction pathway for high selectivity of CH4 in CO2 hydrogenation. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

The role of support morphology on the performance of Cu/ZnO-catalyst for hydrogenation of CO{sub 2} to methanol

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tasfy, Sara Faiz Hanna, E-mail: miss25208@gmail.com; Zabidi, Noor Asmawati Mohd, E-mail: noorasmawati-mzabidi@petronas.com.my; Shaharun, Maizatul Shima, E-mail: maizats@petronas.com.my

The effects of SBA-15 support morphology on the activity of Cu/ZnO catalyst in the hydrogenation of CO{sub 2} to methanol was investigated. In the hydrogenation of CO{sub 2} to methanol at 210°C, 2.25 MPa, H{sub 2}/CO{sub 2} ratio of three remarkable difference was obtained using Cu/ZnO catalyst supported on SBA-15 with different morphology. The catalysts were characterized using N{sub 2}-adsorption, field emission scanning microscopy (FESEM/EDX), transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR). Characterization of the catalyst showed that support morphology, surface area, metals dispersion, and reducibility influenced the catalytic performance. On the fiber-shaped SBA-15, copper dispersion was 29 % whereasmore » on the spherical-shaped SBA-15, the dispersion was 20 %. The experimental results showed that the catalyst supported over fiber-shaped SBA-15 exhibit higher CO{sub 2} conversion (13.96 %) and methanol selectivity (91.32 %) compare to catalyst supported over spherical-shaped SBA-15.« less

Ca2+ mobilization during cell death induction by sodium 5, 6-benzylidene-L-ascorbate.

PubMed

Takahashi, H; Sakagami, H; Ohata, H; Iida, M; Momose, K; Yamamura, M; Takeda, M

1996-01-01

The cytotoxic activity of sodium 5,6-benzylidene-L-ascorbate (SBA) against human KG-1-C glioma and T98G glioblastoma cell lines was augmented by pretreatment of the cells with L-buthionine-[S, R]-sulfoximine (BSO), which reduced the intracellular glutathione concentrations. SBA produced shrunken cells and large DNA fragments, without the induction of nuclear and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. The rapid elevation of intracellular free Ca2+ concentration observed after SBA treatment was further augmented by BSO pretreatment. A confocal experiment with Fluo-3 fluorescence revealed that SBA markedly elevated the free Ca2+ concentration in the nuclear region, but did not significantly affect that in the cytoplasmic region. The present study suggests that the nuclear accumulation of Ca2+ is an important initial step for cell death induction by SBA.

Synthesis of cobalt-containing mesoporous catalysts using the ultrasonic-assisted “pH-adjusting” method: Importance of cobalt species in styrene oxidation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Li, Baitao, E-mail: btli@scut.edu.cn; Zhu, Yanrun; Jin, Xiaojing

2015-01-15

Cobalt-containing SBA-15 and MCM-41 (Co-SBA-15 and Co-MCM-41) mesoporous catalysts were prepared via ultrasonic-assisted “pH-adjusting” technique in this study. Their physiochemical structures were comprehensively characterized and correlated with catalytic activity in oxidation of styrene. The nature of cobalt species depended on the type of mesoporous silica as well as pH values. The different catalytic performance between Co-SBA-15 and Co-MCM-41 catalysts originated from cobalt species. Cobalt species were homogenously incorporated into the siliceous framework of Co-SBA-15 in single-site Co(II) state, while Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} particles were loaded on Co-MCM-41 catalysts. The styrene oxidation tests showed that the single-site Co(II) state was moremore » beneficial to the catalytic oxidation of styrene. The higher styrene conversion and benzaldehyde selectivity over Co-SBA-15 catalysts were mainly attributed to single-site Co(II) state incorporated into the framework of SBA-15. The highest conversion of styrene (34.7%) with benzaldehyde selectivity of 88.2% was obtained over Co-SBA-15 catalyst prepared at pH of 7.5, at the mole ratio of 1:1 (styrene to H{sub 2}O{sub 2}) at 70 °C. - Graphical abstract: Cobalt-containing mesoporous silica catalysts were developed via ultrasonic-assisted “pH-adjusting” technique. Compared with Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} in Co-MCM-41, the single-site Co(II) state in Co-SBA-15 was more efficient for the styrene oxidation. - Highlights: • Fast and cost-effective ultrasonic technique for preparing mesoporous materials. • Incorporation of Co via ultrasonic irradiation and “pH-adjusting”. • Physicochemical comparison between Co-SBA-15 and Co-MCM-41. • Correlation of styrene oxidation activity and catalyst structural property.« less

Synthesis of Hierarchically Structured Hybrid Materials by Controlled Self-Assembly of Metal-Organic Framework with Mesoporous Silica for CO2 Adsorption.

PubMed

Chen, Chong; Li, Bingxue; Zhou, Lijin; Xia, Zefeng; Feng, Nengjie; Ding, Jing; Wang, Lei; Wan, Hui; Guan, Guofeng

2017-07-12

The HKUST-1@SBA-15 composites with hierarchical pore structure were constructed by in situ self-assembly of metal-organic framework (MOF) with mesoporous silica. The structure directing role of SBA-15 had an obvious impact on the growth of MOF crystals, which in turn affected the morphologies and structural properties of the composites. The pristine HKUST-1 and the composites with different content of SBA-15 were characterized by XRD, N 2 adsorption-desorption, SEM, TEM, FT-IR, TG, XPS, and CO 2 -TPD techniques. It was found that the composites were assembled by oriented growth of MOF nanocrystals on the surfaces of SBA-15 matrix. The interactions between surface silanol groups and metal centers induced structural changes and resulted in the increases in surface areas as well as micropore volumes of hybrid materials. Besides, the additional constraints from SBA-15 also restrained the expansion of HKUST-1, contributing to their smaller crystal sizes in the composites. The adsorption isotherms of CO 2 on the materials were measured and applied to calculate the isosteric heats of adsorption. The HS-1 composite exhibited an increase of 15.9% in CO 2 uptake capacity compared with that of HKUST-1. Moreover, its higher isosteric heats of CO 2 adsorption indicated the stronger interactions between the surfaces and CO 2 molecules. The adsorption rate of the composite was also improved due to the introduction of mesopores. Ten cycles of CO 2 adsorption-desorption experiments implied that the HS-1 had excellent reversibility of CO 2 adsorption. This study was intended to provide the possibility of assembling new composites with tailored properties based on MOF and mesoporous silica to satisfy the requirements of various applications.

Improving the controlled release of water-insoluble emodin from amino-functionalized mesoporous silica

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Yunqiang; Wang, Chunfeng; Zhou, Guowei; Wu, Yue; Chen, Jing

2012-06-01

Several types of amino-functionalized mesoporous silica, including F5-SBA-15, F10-SBA-15, and F15-SBA-15 were prepared through co-condensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) in varying molar ratios (5 mol%, 10 mol%, and 15 mol%) via a hydrothermal process. The materials obtained were characterized by means of small-angle X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption, Fourier transformed infrared spectra, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Increasing APTES molar ratios decreased the degree of orderliness of the functionalized mesoporous silica. Pure and amino-functionalized SBA-15 samples were employed as supports for the controlled release of water-insoluble drug emodin. Loading experiments showed that drug loading capacities mainly depended on the surface areas and pore diameters of the carriers. Controlled release profiles of emodin-loaded samples were studied in phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4), and results indicated that the emodin release rate could be controlled by surface amino-functionalized carriers. Emodin loaded on functionalized mesoporous supports exhibited a lower release rate than that of loaded on pure SBA-15, emodin loaded on F10-SBA-15 showed the smallest release amount (71.74 wt%) after stirring in PBS for 60 h. Findings suggest that functionalized mesoporous SBA-15 is a promising carrier for achieving prolonged release time periods.

Synthesis of core-shell structured FAU/SBA-15 composite molecular sieves and their performance in catalytic cracking of polystyrene

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Du, Jinlong; Shi, Chunwei; Wu, Wenyuan; Bian, Xue; Chen, Ping; Cui, Qingzhu; Cui, Zhixuan

2017-12-01

Composite molecular sieves, FAU/SBA-15, having core-shell structure were synthesized. The synthesized composite sieves were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), pyrolysis fourier transform infrared (Py-FTIR) spectroscopy, temperature programmed desorption spectra (NH3-TPD), UV Raman spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and other techniques. XRD, SEM, TEM, N2 adsorption-desorption, mass spectrometry, NMR and EDS results showed that the composite molecular sieve contained two pore channels. Py-FTIR results showed that the addition of HY molecular sieves improved the acidity of the composite zeolite. The crystallization mechanism during the growth of FAU/SBA-15 shell was deduced from the influence of crystallization time on the synthesis of FAU/SBA-15 core-shell structured composite molecular sieve. HY dissociated partially in H2SO4 solution, and consisted of secondary structural units. This framework structure was more stable than its presence in the isolated form on the same ring or in the absence of Al. Thus it played a guiding role and connected with SBA-15 closely through the Si-O bond. This resulted in the gradual covering of the exterior surface of FAU phase by SBA-15 molecular sieves. The presence of SBA-15 restricted the formation of the other high mass components and increased the selectivity towards ethylbenzene.

An optimally evolved connective ratio of neural networks that maximizes the occurrence of synchronized bursting behavior

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background Synchronized bursting activity (SBA) is a remarkable dynamical behavior in both ex vivo and in vivo neural networks. Investigations of the underlying structural characteristics associated with SBA are crucial to understanding the system-level regulatory mechanism of neural network behaviors. Results In this study, artificial pulsed neural networks were established using spike response models to capture fundamental dynamics of large scale ex vivo cortical networks. Network simulations with synaptic parameter perturbations showed the following two findings. (i) In a network with an excitatory ratio (ER) of 80-90%, its connective ratio (CR) was within a range of 10-30% when the occurrence of SBA reached the highest expectation. This result was consistent with the experimental observation in ex vivo neuronal networks, which were reported to possess a matured inhibitory synaptic ratio of 10-20% and a CR of 10-30%. (ii) No SBA occurred when a network does not contain any all-positive-interaction feedback loop (APFL) motif. In a neural network containing APFLs, the number of APFLs presented an optimal range corresponding to the maximal occurrence of SBA, which was very similar to the optimal CR. Conclusions In a neural network, the evolutionarily selected CR (10-30%) optimizes the occurrence of SBA, and APFL serves a pivotal network motif required to maximize the occurrence of SBA. PMID:22462685

13 CFR 120.715 - Does SBA guarantee any loans an Intermediary obtains from another source?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Does SBA guarantee any loans an Intermediary obtains from another source? 120.715 Section 120.715 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Microloan Program § 120.715 Does SBA guarantee any loans an Intermediary obtains...

13 CFR 120.715 - Does SBA guarantee any loans an Intermediary obtains from another source?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Does SBA guarantee any loans an Intermediary obtains from another source? 120.715 Section 120.715 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Microloan Program § 120.715 Does SBA guarantee any loans an Intermediary obtains...

13 CFR 101.401 - What programs and activities of SBA are subject to this subpart?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What programs and activities of SBA are subject to this subpart? 101.401 Section 101.401 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Intergovernmental Partnership § 101.401 What programs and activities of SBA are...

32 CFR 644.508 - Agreement with Small Business Administration (SBA) on sale of timber.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Agreement with Small Business Administration (SBA..., Crops, and Embedded Gravel, Sand and Stone § 644.508 Agreement with Small Business Administration (SBA... development of a program of assistance for small concerns operating in the timber business. This agreement is...

13 CFR 101.401 - What programs and activities of SBA are subject to this subpart?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false What programs and activities of SBA are subject to this subpart? 101.401 Section 101.401 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Intergovernmental Partnership § 101.401 What programs and activities of SBA are...

13 CFR 107.1910 - Non-waiver of SBA's rights or terms of Leverage security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Non-waiver of SBA's rights or terms of Leverage security. 107.1910 Section 107.1910 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Miscellaneous § 107.1910 Non-waiver of SBA's rights or terms...

13 CFR 107.1910 - Non-waiver of SBA's rights or terms of Leverage security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Non-waiver of SBA's rights or terms of Leverage security. 107.1910 Section 107.1910 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Miscellaneous § 107.1910 Non-waiver of SBA's rights or terms...

13 CFR 107.1600 - SBA authority to issue and guarantee Trust Certificates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... guarantee by SBA of such TC is limited to the principal and interest due on the Debentures or the Redemption Price of and Prioritized Payments on Participating Securities in any Trust or Pool backing such TC. The... guarantee of any TC. (b) Periodic exercise of authority. SBA will issue guarantees of Debentures and...

13 CFR 121.704 - When does SBA determine the size status of a business concern?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Requirements for the Small Business Innovation Research (sbir) Program § 121.704 When does SBA determine the... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false When does SBA determine the size status of a business concern? 121.704 Section 121.704 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS...

13 CFR 123.11 - Does SBA require collateral for any of its disaster loans?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Does SBA require collateral for any of its disaster loans? 123.11 Section 123.11 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS...? Generally, SBA will not require that you pledge collateral to secure a disaster home loan or a physical...

13 CFR 140.2 - What is a debt and how can the SBA collect it through offset?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... from fees, leases, rents, royalties, services, sales of real or personal property, overpayments, fines... the debtor agrees in writing to a greater percentage. (ii) SBA also may collect against travel... additional action against the debtor to collect the debt at the same time or in sequence. When SBA makes...

13 CFR 107.1140 - Licensee's acceptance of SBA remedies under §§ 107.1800 through 107.1820.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Licensee's acceptance of SBA remedies under §§ 107.1800 through 107.1820. 107.1140 Section 107.1140 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES SBA Financial Assistance for Licensees...

13 CFR 124.1013 - How does SBA make disadvantaged status determinations in considering an SDB protest?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... status determinations in considering an SDB protest? 124.1013 Section 124.1013 Business Credit and... § 124.1013 How does SBA make disadvantaged status determinations in considering an SDB protest? (a... the contract until: (i) The SBA has made an SDB determination, or (ii) 15 working days have expired...

13 CFR 107.1220 - Requirement for Licensee to file quarterly financial statements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... quarterly financial statements. 107.1220 Section 107.1220 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS... financial statements. As long as any part of SBA's Leverage commitment is outstanding, you must give SBA a Financial Statement on SBA Form 468 (Short Form) as of the close of each quarter of your fiscal year (other...

13 CFR 121.105 - How does SBA define “business concern or concern”?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... concern or concernâ? 121.105 Section 121.105 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION... Applicability § 121.105 How does SBA define “business concern or concern”? (a)(1) Except for small agricultural cooperatives, a business concern eligible for assistance from SBA as a small business is a business entity...

13 CFR 108.660 - Other items required to be filed by NMVC Company with SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Other items required to be filed by NMVC Company with SBA. 108.660 Section 108.660 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS... other person who was required by SBA to complete a personal history statement, is charged with or...

13 CFR 120.542 - Payment by SBA of legal fees and other expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... will not pay. (1) SBA will not pay legal fees or other costs that a Lender or Authorized CDC Liquidator... law. (ii) In connection with actions of a Lender or Authorized CDC Liquidator's outside counsel for... actions which solely benefit a Lender or Authorized CDC Liquidator and which do not benefit SBA, as...

13 CFR 120.921 - Terms of Third Party loans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Loan lender waives, as to the CDC/SBA financing, any provision in its deed of trust, or mortgage, or... Party Lender must give the CDC and SBA written notice of default within 30 days of the event of default... Third Party Lender's lien will be subordinate to the CDC/SBA lien regarding any prepayment penalties...

13 CFR 120.972 - Third Party Lender participation fee and CDC fee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... fee and CDC fee. 120.972 Section 120.972 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION... and CDC fee. (a) Participation fee. For loans approved by SBA after September 30, 1996, SBA must... when the Third Party Lender occupies a senior credit position to SBA in the Project. (b) CDC fee. For...

13 CFR 120.542 - Payment by SBA of legal fees and other expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... will not pay. (1) SBA will not pay legal fees or other costs that a Lender or Authorized CDC Liquidator... law. (ii) In connection with actions of a Lender or Authorized CDC Liquidator's outside counsel for... actions which solely benefit a Lender or Authorized CDC Liquidator and which do not benefit SBA, as...

13 CFR 120.972 - Third Party Lender participation fee and CDC fee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... fee and CDC fee. 120.972 Section 120.972 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION... and CDC fee. (a) Participation fee. For loans approved by SBA after September 30, 1996, SBA must... when the Third Party Lender occupies a senior credit position to SBA in the Project. (b) CDC fee. For...

13 CFR 120.921 - Terms of Third Party loans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Loan lender waives, as to the CDC/SBA financing, any provision in its deed of trust, or mortgage, or... Party Lender must give the CDC and SBA written notice of default within 30 days of the event of default... Third Party Lender's lien will be subordinate to the CDC/SBA lien regarding any prepayment penalties...

13 CFR 120.921 - Terms of Third Party loans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Loan lender waives, as to the CDC/SBA financing, any provision in its deed of trust, or mortgage, or... Party Lender must give the CDC and SBA written notice of default within 30 days of the event of default... Third Party Lender's lien will be subordinate to the CDC/SBA lien regarding any prepayment penalties...

13 CFR 120.542 - Payment by SBA of legal fees and other expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... will not pay. (1) SBA will not pay legal fees or other costs that a Lender or Authorized CDC Liquidator... law. (ii) In connection with actions of a Lender or Authorized CDC Liquidator's outside counsel for... actions which solely benefit a Lender or Authorized CDC Liquidator and which do not benefit SBA, as...

13 CFR 120.972 - Third Party Lender participation fee and CDC fee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... fee and CDC fee. 120.972 Section 120.972 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION... and CDC fee. (a) Participation fee. For loans approved by SBA after September 30, 1996, SBA must... when the Third Party Lender occupies a senior credit position to SBA in the Project. (b) CDC fee. For...

13 CFR 120.542 - Payment by SBA of legal fees and other expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... will not pay. (1) SBA will not pay legal fees or other costs that a Lender or Authorized CDC Liquidator... law. (ii) In connection with actions of a Lender or Authorized CDC Liquidator's outside counsel for... actions which solely benefit a Lender or Authorized CDC Liquidator and which do not benefit SBA, as...

13 CFR 120.921 - Terms of Third Party loans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Loan lender waives, as to the CDC/SBA financing, any provision in its deed of trust, or mortgage, or... Party Lender must give the CDC and SBA written notice of default within 30 days of the event of default... Third Party Lender's lien will be subordinate to the CDC/SBA lien regarding any prepayment penalties...

13 CFR 120.972 - Third Party Lender participation fee and CDC fee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... fee and CDC fee. 120.972 Section 120.972 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION... and CDC fee. (a) Participation fee. For loans approved by SBA after September 30, 1996, SBA must... when the Third Party Lender occupies a senior credit position to SBA in the Project. (b) CDC fee. For...

13 CFR 120.542 - Payment by SBA of legal fees and other expenses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... will not pay. (1) SBA will not pay legal fees or other costs that a Lender or Authorized CDC Liquidator... law. (ii) In connection with actions of a Lender or Authorized CDC Liquidator's outside counsel for... actions which solely benefit a Lender or Authorized CDC Liquidator and which do not benefit SBA, as...

13 CFR 120.921 - Terms of Third Party loans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Loan lender waives, as to the CDC/SBA financing, any provision in its deed of trust, or mortgage, or... Party Lender must give the CDC and SBA written notice of default within 30 days of the event of default... Third Party Lender's lien will be subordinate to the CDC/SBA lien regarding any prepayment penalties...

13 CFR 121.1006 - When will a size protest be referred to an SBA Government Contracting Area Office?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... referred to an SBA Government Contracting Area Office? 121.1006 Section 121.1006 Business Credit and... size protest be referred to an SBA Government Contracting Area Office? (a) A contracting officer who... Contracting Area Office serving the area in which the headquarters of the offeror is located. (b) A...

13 CFR 107.1600 - SBA authority to issue and guarantee Trust Certificates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... guarantee by SBA of such TC is limited to the principal and interest due on the Debentures or the Redemption Price of and Prioritized Payments on Participating Securities in any Trust or Pool backing such TC. The... guarantee of any TC. (b) Periodic exercise of authority. SBA will issue guarantees of Debentures and...

13 CFR 120.427 - Will SBA approve a securitization application from a capital impaired Securitizer?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Will SBA approve a securitization application from a capital impaired Securitizer? 120.427 Section 120.427 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Lenders Participating Lender Financings § 120.427 Will SBA approve a...

13 CFR 108.1140 - NMVC Company's acceptance of SBA remedies under § 108.1810.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false NMVC Company's acceptance of SBA remedies under § 108.1810. 108.1140 Section 108.1140 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NEW MARKETS VENTURE CAPITAL (âNMVCâ) PROGRAM SBA Financial Assistance for NMVC Companies (Leverage...

13 CFR 108.1910 - Non-waiver of SBA's rights or terms of Leverage security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Non-waiver of SBA's rights or terms of Leverage security. 108.1910 Section 108.1910 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NEW MARKETS VENTURE CAPITAL (âNMVCâ) PROGRAM Miscellaneous § 108.1910 Non-waiver of SBA's rights...

32 CFR 644.512 - DA-SBA joint set-aside determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true DA-SBA joint set-aside determination. 644.512 Section 644.512 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY (CONTINUED) REAL... Stone § 644.512 DA-SBA joint set-aside determination. Section 15 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C...

13 CFR 107.440 - Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... approval for a proposed transfer of Control. 107.440 Section 107.440 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL... Licensee; Transfer of License Changes in Control Or Ownership of Licensee § 107.440 Standards governing prior SBA approval for a proposed transfer of Control. SBA approval is contingent upon full disclosure...

7 CFR 4290.509 - Employment of USDA or SBA officials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Employment of USDA or SBA officials. 4290.509 Section... (âRBICâ) PROGRAM Managing the Operations of a RBIC General Requirements § 4290.509 Employment of USDA... of SBA or USDA within one year before such date; and (2) In that capacity, occupied a position or...

7 CFR 4290.509 - Employment of USDA or SBA officials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Employment of USDA or SBA officials. 4290.509 Section... (âRBICâ) PROGRAM Managing the Operations of a RBIC General Requirements § 4290.509 Employment of USDA... professional services, any person who: (1) Served as an officer, attorney, agent, or employee of SBA or USDA...

7 CFR 4290.509 - Employment of USDA or SBA officials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Employment of USDA or SBA officials. 4290.509 Section... (âRBICâ) PROGRAM Managing the Operations of a RBIC General Requirements § 4290.509 Employment of USDA... of SBA or USDA within one year before such date; and (2) In that capacity, occupied a position or...

7 CFR 4290.509 - Employment of USDA or SBA officials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Employment of USDA or SBA officials. 4290.509 Section... (âRBICâ) PROGRAM Managing the Operations of a RBIC General Requirements § 4290.509 Employment of USDA... an officer, attorney, agent, or employee of SBA or USDA within one year before such date; and (2) In...

7 CFR 4290.509 - Employment of USDA or SBA officials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Employment of USDA or SBA officials. 4290.509 Section... (âRBICâ) PROGRAM Managing the Operations of a RBIC General Requirements § 4290.509 Employment of USDA... professional services, any person who: (1) Served as an officer, attorney, agent, or employee of SBA or USDA...

13 CFR 120.1860 - How will the SISMBD Loan be disbursed?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... other Collateral required by SBA and verification of the required first lien position. SBA will advance... less. Thus, if the loan is purchased at a discount to the principal balance, SBA will not advance more... SISMBD requests an advance under its SISMBD Loan, it will submit a written Loan Advance Request Form to...

13 CFR 142.41 - How does SBA protect the rights of defendants?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false How does SBA protect the rights of defendants? 142.41 Section 142.41 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT REGULATIONS Decisions and Appeals § 142.41 How does SBA protect the rights of...

13 CFR 142.41 - How does SBA protect the rights of defendants?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false How does SBA protect the rights of defendants? 142.41 Section 142.41 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT REGULATIONS Decisions and Appeals § 142.41 How does SBA protect the rights of...

13 CFR 142.41 - How does SBA protect the rights of defendants?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false How does SBA protect the rights of defendants? 142.41 Section 142.41 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT REGULATIONS Decisions and Appeals § 142.41 How does SBA protect the rights of...

13 CFR 142.41 - How does SBA protect the rights of defendants?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false How does SBA protect the rights of defendants? 142.41 Section 142.41 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT REGULATIONS Decisions and Appeals § 142.41 How does SBA protect the rights of...

77 FR 31848 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-30

.... EIB-SBA Form 84-1 is the application for working capital loan guarantees provided by Ex-Im Bank and the Small Business Administration (SBA). This joint application provides Ex-Im Bank and SBA staff with... participation, and under Section 7(a)(14) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 636(a)(14)) to determine...

Surface Characterization of Mesoporous CoOx/SBA-15 Catalyst upon 1,2-Dichloropropane Oxidation.

PubMed

Finocchio, Elisabetta; Gonzalez-Prior, Jonatan; Gutierrez-Ortiz, Jose Ignacio; Lopez-Fonseca, Ruben; Busca, Guido; de Rivas, Beatriz

2018-05-29

The active combustion catalyst that is based on 30 wt % cobalt oxide on mesoporous SBA-15 has been tested in 1,2-dichloropropane oxidation and is characterized by means of FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and ammonia-TPD (temperature-programmed desorption). In this work, we report the spectroscopic evidence for the role of surface acidity in chloroalkane conversion. Both Lewis acidity and weakly acidic silanol groups from SBA support are involved in the adsorption and initial conversion steps. Moreover, total oxidation reaction results in the formation of new Bronsted acidic sites, which are likely associated with the generation of HCl at high temperature and its adsorption at the catalyst surface. Highly dispersed Co oxide on the mesoporous support and Co-chloride or oxychloride particles, together with the presence of several families of acidic sites originated from the conditioning effect of reaction products may explain the good activity of this catalyst in the oxidation of Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compounds.

Physical state of poorly water soluble therapeutic molecules loaded into SBA-15 ordered mesoporous silica carriers: a case study with itraconazole and ibuprofen.

PubMed

Mellaerts, Randy; Jammaer, Jasper A G; Van Speybroeck, Michiel; Chen, Hong; Van Humbeeck, Jan; Augustijns, Patrick; Van den Mooter, Guy; Martens, Johan A

2008-08-19

The ordered mesoporous silica material SBA-15 was loaded with the model drugs itraconazole and ibuprofen using three different procedures: (i) adsorption from solution, (ii) incipient wetness impregnation, and (iii) heating of a mixture of drug and SBA-15 powder. The location of the drug molecules in the SBA-15 particles and molecular interactions were investigated using nitrogen adsorption, TGA, DSC, DRS UV-vis, and XPS. The in vitro release of hydrophobic model drugs was evaluated in an aqueous environment simulating gastric fluid. The effectiveness of the loading method was found to be strongly compound dependent. Incipient wetness impregnation using a concentrated itraconazole solution in dichloromethane followed by solvent evaporation was most efficient for dispersing itraconazole in SBA-15. The itraconazole molecules were located on the mesopore walls and inside micropores of the mesopore walls. When SBA-15 was loaded by slurrying it in a diluted itraconazole solution from which the solvent was evaporated, the itraconazole molecules ended up in the mesopores that they plugged locally. At a loading of 30 wt %, itraconazole exhibited intermolecular interactions inside the mesopores revealed by UV spectroscopy and endothermic events traced with DSC. The physical mixing of itraconazole and SBA-15 powder followed by heating above the itraconazole melting temperature resulted in formulations in which glassy itraconazole particles were deposited externally on the SBA-15 particles. Loading with ibuprofen was successful with each of the three loading procedures. Ibuprofen preferably is positioned inside the micropores. In vitro release experiments showed fast release kinetics provided the drug molecules were evenly deposited over the mesoporous surface.

Total prevention of folic acid-preventable spina bifida and anencephaly would reduce child mortality in India: Implications in achieving Target 3.2 of the Sustainable Development Goals.

PubMed

Kancherla, Vijaya; Oakley, Godfrey P

2018-03-15

The potential to reduce child mortality by preventing folic acid-preventable spina bifida and anencephaly (FAP SBA) is inadequately appreciated. To quantify possible reduction in FAP SBA-associated child mortality in low- and middle-income countries, we conducted an analysis to demonstrate in India, a country with more than 25 million births and 1.2 million under-five deaths each year, the decrease in neonatal, infant, and under-five mortality that would occur through total prevention of FAP SBA. We estimated the percent reductions in neonatal, infant, and under-five mortality that would have occurred in India in 2015 had all of FAP SBA been prevented. We also estimated the contributions of these reductions toward India's Sustainable Development Goals on child mortality indicators. We considered the overall prevalence of spina bifida and anencephaly in India as 5 per 1,000 live births, of which 90% were preventable with effective folic acid intervention. In the year 2015, folic acid interventions would have prevented about 116,070 cases of FAP SBA and 101,565 under-five deaths associated with FAP SBA. Prevention of FAP SBA would have reduced annually, neonatal, infant, and under-five mortality by 10.2%, 8.9%, and 8.3%, respectively. These reductions would have contributed 18.5% and 17.2% to the reductions in neonatal and under-five mortality, respectively, needed by India to achieve its 2030 Sustainable Developmental Goal Target 3.2 addressing preventable child mortality. Total prevention of FAP SBA clearly has a significant potential for immediate reductions in neonatal, infant, and under-five mortality in India, and similarly other countries. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Effect of 6-8 weeks of oral ursodeoxycholic acid administration on serum concentrations of fasting and postprandial bile acids and biochemical analytes in healthy dogs.

PubMed

Deitz, Krysta L; Makielski, Kelly M; Williams, Jackie M; Lin, Hui; Morrison, Jo Ann

2015-09-01

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is commonly used for the treatment of hepatobiliary disease. UDCA is a bile acid that can be detected in the bile acid assay. Its effect on biochemical analytes is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of 6-8 weeks of UDCA administration on fasting and postprandial concentrations of serum bile acids (SBA), cholesterol, triglycerides, bilirubin, and liver enzyme activities in healthy dogs. Twenty healthy dogs received UDCA for 6-8 weeks. CBC, biochemistry profile, urinalysis, fasting and postprandial SBA, and hepatobiliary ultrasound examination were performed prior to starting UDCA (timepoint 0) and after 6-8 weeks of therapy, while animals were still receiving UDCA (timepoint 1). Timepoint 0 and timepoint 1 values were compared with a paired t-test. SBA were remeasured 72 hours after UDCA discontinuation. Only mean fasting SBA at timepoint 1 increased significantly (P = .03) from timepoint 0 (2.26 μmol/L at time 0 and 3.81 μmol/L at time 1) but were not elevated above the normal reference interval (0-9 μmol/L). Two dogs had timepoint 1 fasting SBA above the reference interval (10 and 11.7 μmol/L). One dog had timepoint 1 postprandial SBA above the reference interval at 20.1 μmol/L (reference interval 0-17 μmol/L). Repeat SBA 72 hours after UDCA discontinuation were normal. Long-term administration of UDCA to healthy dogs may increase fasting SBA above pretreatment values (typically within the reference interval). Long-term administration of UDCA to healthy dogs does not alter liver enzyme activities, and bilirubin, cholesterol, or triglyceride concentrations. © 2015 American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology.

Biodegradation of naphthalene and anthracene by chemo-tactically active rhizobacteria of populus deltoides

PubMed Central

Bisht, Sandeep; Pandey, Piyush; Sood, Anchal; Sharma, Shivesh; Bisht, N. S.

2010-01-01

Several naphthalene and anthracene degrading bacteria were isolated from rhizosphere of Populus deltoides, which were growing in non-contaminated soil. Among these, four isolates, i.e. Kurthia sp., Micrococcus varians, Deinococcus radiodurans and Bacillus circulans utilized chrysene, benzene, toluene and xylene, in addition to anthracene and naphthalene. Kurthia sp and B. circulans showed positive chemotactic response for naphthalene and anthracene. The mean growth rate constant (K) of isolates were found to increase with successive increase in substrate concentration (0.5 to 1.0 mg/50ml). B. circulans SBA12 and Kurthia SBA4 degraded 87.5% and 86.6% of anthracene while, Kurthia sp. SBA4, B. circulans SBA12, and M. varians SBA8 degraded 85.3 %, 95.8 % and 86.8 % of naphthalene respectively after 6 days of incubation as determined by HPLC analysis. PMID:24031572

Mg-MOF-74@SBA-15 hybrids: Synthesis, characterization, and adsorption properties

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chakraborty, Anindita; Maji, Tapas Kumar, E-mail: tmaji@jncasr.ac.in

2014-12-01

Nanocrystals of Mg-MOF-74 have been immobilized into the mesopores of SBA-15 rods to fabricate Mg-MOF-74@SBA-15 hybrid materials. To furnish such composites, a relatively simple synthetic strategy has been adopted by direct dispersion of the metal-organic framework (MOF) precursors in SBA-15 matrix to prepare the hybrid materials in situ. The hybrid materials have been characterized using powder X-ray diffraction and several spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, which suggest growth of the MOF nanocrystals inside the SBA-15 mesopores and the composites exhibit characteristics of both the components. N{sub 2} adsorption isotherms at 77 K reveal that the composites contain additional mesopores, compared tomore » only micropores of pristine MOF nanocrystals. In addition to such combination of both micro and mesoporosity, the composites also demonstrate significant CO{sub 2} adsorption at room temperature.« less

Evaluation of a community-based intervention to improve maternal and neonatal health service coverage in the most rural and remote districts of Zambia

PubMed Central

Michelo, Charles; Chola, Mumbi; Oliphant, Nicholas; Halwiindi, Hikabasa; Maswenyeho, Sitali; Baboo, Kumar Sridutt; Moshabela, Mosa

2018-01-01

Background A community-based intervention comprising both men and women, known as Safe Motherhood Action Groups (SMAGs), was implemented in four of Zambia’s poorest and most remote districts to improve coverage of selected maternal and neonatal health interventions. This paper reports on outcomes in the coverage of maternal and neonatal care interventions, including antenatal care (ANC), skilled birth attendance (SBA) and postnatal care (PNC) in the study areas. Methodology Three serial cross-sectional surveys were conducted between 2012 and 2015 among 1,652 mothers of children 0–5 months of age using a ‘before-and-after’ evaluation design with multi-stage sampling, combining probability proportional to size and simple random sampling. Logistic regression and chi-square test for trend were used to assess effect size and changes in measures of coverage for ANC, SBA and PNC during the intervention. Results Mothers’ mean age and educational status were non-differentially comparable at all the three-time points. The odds of attending ANC at least four times (aOR 1.63; 95% CI 1.38–1.99) and SBA (aOR 1.72; 95% CI 1.38–1.99) were at least 60% higher at endline than baseline surveillance. A two-fold and four-fold increase in the odds of mothers receiving PNC from an appropriate skilled provider (aOR 2.13; 95% CI 1.62–2.79) and a SMAG (aOR 4.87; 95% CI 3.14–7.54), respectively, were observed at endline. Receiving birth preparedness messages from a SMAG during pregnancy (aOR 1.76; 95% CI, 1.20–2.19) and receiving ANC from a skilled provider (aOR 4.01; 95% CI, 2.88–5.75) were significant predictors for SBA at delivery and PNC. Conclusions Strengthening community-based action groups in poor and remote districts through the support of mothers by SMAGs was associated with increased coverage of maternal and newborn health interventions, measured through ANC, SBA and PNC. In remote and marginalised settings, where the need is greatest, context-specific and innovative task-sharing strategies using community health volunteers can be effective in improving coverage of maternal and neonatal services and hold promise for better maternal and child survival in poorly-resourced parts of sub-Saharan Africa. PMID:29337995

13 CFR 101.108 - Has SBA waived any of the public participation exemptions of the Administrative Procedure Act?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Has SBA waived any of the public participation exemptions of the Administrative Procedure Act? 101.108 Section 101.108 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.108 Has SBA waived any of the public...

13 CFR 101.108 - Has SBA waived any of the public participation exemptions of the Administrative Procedure Act?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Has SBA waived any of the public participation exemptions of the Administrative Procedure Act? 101.108 Section 101.108 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Overview § 101.108 Has SBA waived any of the public...

13 CFR 107.1810 - Events of default and SBA's remedies for Licensee's noncompliance with terms of Debentures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Events of default and SBA's... Noncompliance With Terms of Leverage § 107.1810 Events of default and SBA's remedies for Licensee's... time of their issuance. (b) Automatic events of default. The occurrence of one or more of the events in...

13 CFR 120.536 - Servicing and liquidation actions that require the prior written consent of SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... that require the prior written consent of SBA. (a) Actions by Lenders and CDCs. Except as otherwise provided in a Supplemental Guarantee Agreement with a Lender or an Agreement with a CDC, SBA must give its prior written consent before a Lender or CDC takes any of the following actions: (1) Increases the...

13 CFR 120.536 - Servicing and liquidation actions that require the prior written consent of SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... that require the prior written consent of SBA. (a) Actions by Lenders and CDCs. Except as otherwise provided in a Supplemental Guarantee Agreement with a Lender or an Agreement with a CDC, SBA must give its prior written consent before a Lender or CDC takes any of the following actions: (1) Increases the...

13 CFR 120.536 - Servicing and liquidation actions that require the prior written consent of SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... that require the prior written consent of SBA. (a) Actions by Lenders and CDCs. Except as otherwise provided in a Supplemental Guarantee Agreement with a Lender or an Agreement with a CDC, SBA must give its prior written consent before a Lender or CDC takes any of the following actions: (1) Increases the...

13 CFR 120.536 - Servicing and liquidation actions that require the prior written consent of SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... that require the prior written consent of SBA. (a) Actions by Lenders and CDCs. Except as otherwise provided in a Supplemental Guarantee Agreement with a Lender or an Agreement with a CDC, SBA must give its prior written consent before a Lender or CDC takes any of the following actions: (1) Increases the...

13 CFR 120.536 - Servicing and liquidation actions that require the prior written consent of SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... that require the prior written consent of SBA. (a) Actions by Lenders and CDCs. Except as otherwise provided in a Supplemental Guarantee Agreement with a Lender or an Agreement with a CDC, SBA must give its prior written consent before a Lender or CDC takes any of the following actions: (1) Increases the...

13 CFR 120.1830 - What are the terms and conditions of an SBA loan to an SISMBD?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Market Broker-Dealers (SISMBD Loan Program) § 120.1830 What are the terms and conditions of an SBA loan... seventy-five percent (75%) of the total dollar amount of an SISMBD's purchases in the SBA Secondary Market... Director of the Secondary Market Lending Authority may approve a higher SISMBD Loan amount if he/she...

13 CFR 120.426 - What action will SBA take if a securitizer transfers the subordinated tranche prior to the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What action will SBA take if a... 120.426 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Lenders Participating Lender Financings § 120.426 What action will SBA take if a securitizer transfers the subordinated...

13 CFR 108.1640 - SBA access to records of the CRA, Brokers, Dealers and Pool or Trust assemblers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false SBA access to records of the CRA, Brokers, Dealers and Pool or Trust assemblers. 108.1640 Section 108.1640 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NEW MARKETS VENTURE CAPITAL (âNMVCâ) PROGRAM SBA Financial Assistance for...

13 CFR 108.1810 - Events of default and SBA's remedies for NMVC Company's noncompliance with terms of Debentures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... diversity between management and ownership as required by § 108.150. (g) SBA remedies for events of default... fraudulent under the terms of 11 U.S.C. 548. (3) Willful conflicts of interest. You willfully violate § 108... section. (1) Excessive Management Expenses. Without the prior written consent of SBA, you incur Management...

13 CFR 107.1700 - Transfer by SBA of its interest in Licensee's Leverage security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Transfer by SBA of its interest in Licensee's Leverage security. 107.1700 Section 107.1700 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS... will be liable for all damage or loss which SBA may sustain by reason of such disposal, up to the...

13 CFR 108.1700 - Transfer by SBA of its interest in a NMVC Company's Leverage security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Transfer by SBA of its interest in a NMVC Company's Leverage security. 108.1700 Section 108.1700 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL... be liable for all damage or loss which SBA may sustain by reason of such disposal, up to the amount...

13 CFR 123.108 - How do the SBA disaster loan program and the FEMA grant programs interact?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false How do the SBA disaster loan program and the FEMA grant programs interact? 123.108 Section 123.108 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Home Disaster Loans § 123.108 How do the SBA disaster loan...

13 CFR 123.108 - How do the SBA disaster loan program and the FEMA grant programs interact?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false How do the SBA disaster loan program and the FEMA grant programs interact? 123.108 Section 123.108 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Home Disaster Loans § 123.108 How do the SBA disaster loan...

13 CFR 123.108 - How do the SBA disaster loan program and the FEMA grant programs interact?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false How do the SBA disaster loan program and the FEMA grant programs interact? 123.108 Section 123.108 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Home Disaster Loans § 123.108 How do the SBA disaster loan...

13 CFR 123.108 - How do the SBA disaster loan program and the FEMA grant programs interact?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false How do the SBA disaster loan program and the FEMA grant programs interact? 123.108 Section 123.108 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Home Disaster Loans § 123.108 How do the SBA disaster loan...

Loans to state and local development companies--Small Business Administration. Proposed rulemaking.

PubMed

1983-03-07

SBA proposes to amend 13 CFR 108.503--4(c) to limit SBA participation with tax-exempt financing under the program authorized by section 503 of the Small Business Investment Act, 15 U.S.C. 697. Under the proposed rule, SBA would participate in the financing of a project which is also financed by tax-exempt obligations provided the repayment of the proceeds of SBA guaranteed financing is not subordinate to the repayment of the tax-exempt financing. This amendment would be in accordance with existing Federal policy which prohibits Federal agencies from directly or indirectly providing a guarantee to tax-exempt obligations.

Nanosize Fe x O y @SBA-3: A Comparative Study Between Conventional and Microwave Assisted Synthesis.

PubMed

Barik, Sunita; Badamali, Sushanta K; Sahoo, Sagarika; Behera, Nandakishor; Dapurkar, Sudhir E

2018-01-01

The present study is focussed on development of highly dispersed nanosize iron oxide (FexOy) particles within the uniform mesopore channels of SBA-3. Herein we report a comparative study between conventional incipient wetness and microwave assisted synthesis routes adopted to devise nanoparticles. The developed materials are characterised by following X-ray diffraction, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, proton induced X-ray emission, diffuse reflectance UV-visible spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Mesoporous siliceous SBA-3 was prepared at room temperature to obtain samples with good crystallinity and ordered pore structure. Pore channels of SBA-3 were used as nanoreactor for developing iron oxide nanoparticles. Iron oxide nanoparticles developed under microwave activation showed uniform distribution within the SBA-3 structure along with retaining the orderness of the pore architecture. On the contrary, iron oxides developed under incipient wetness method followed by conventional heating resulted in agglomeration of nanoparticles along with significant loss in SBA-3 pore structure. Proton induced X-ray emission studies revealed the extremely high purity of the samples and almost thrice higher amount of iron oxide particles are encapsulated within the host by microwave assisted preparation as compared to incipient/conventional heating method.

Immunogenicity and safety of the quadrivalent meningococcal ACWY-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (MenACWY-TT) in splenectomized or hyposplenic children and adolescents: Results of a phase III, open, non-randomized study.

PubMed

Klein, Nicola P; Habanec, Tomas; Kosina, Pavel; Shah, Nirmish R; Kolhe, Devayani; Miller, Jacqueline M; Hezareh, Marjan; Van der Wielen, Marie

2018-04-19

Individuals with functional or anatomic asplenia are at high risk for meningococcal disease. We evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of 1 and 2 doses of the quadrivalent meningococcal serogroups A, C, W, Y tetanus toxoid-conjugate vaccine (MenACWY-TT) in this high-risk population. This phase III, open-label, controlled, non-randomized study (NCT01641042) enrolled 1-17-year-olds with impaired splenic activity (high-risk group) and age-matched healthy controls (control group). We measured immune responses to MenACWY-TT by serum bactericidal activity assays using rabbit (rSBA) and human (hSBA) complement and in terms of antibodies against polysaccharides of the 4 vaccine serogroups. We evaluated vaccine response rates (VRRs) as 4-fold increases from pre-vaccination levels or titers ≥1:32 (rSBA)/≥1:8 (hSBA). We recorded solicited and unsolicited adverse events (AEs) during 4 and 31 days post-vaccination, and serious AEs (SAEs) and new onset of chronic illnesses (NOCIs) throughout the study. The according-to-protocol cohort for immunogenicity included 40 participants per group. In both groups, the first MenACWY-TT dose induced rSBA VRRs of 92.5-100% and hSBA VRRs of 55.6-77.1% across vaccine serogroups. Following the second MenACWY-TT dose, all participants had high responses, with rSBA and hSBA VRRs of 73.0-100% across vaccine serogroups. rSBA and hSBA geometric mean titers for each serogroup increased in both groups (with different magnitudes, but ≥13.1-fold) compared with baseline levels. Polysaccharide antibody concentrations ≥2.0 μg/ml were detected in ≥84.4% of participants and were similar between groups. Incidences of solicited and unsolicited AEs were comparable between groups. We recorded SAEs in 4/43 participants in the high-risk group and 1/43 participants in the control group (none vaccine-related). No NOCIs were reported. In this descriptive study, MenACWY-TT induced similar functional and humoral immune responses and had a clinically acceptable safety profile in children and adolescents with impaired splenic activity and in healthy controls. Copyright © 2018 GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Reaching the unreached through trained and skilled birth attendants in Ethiopia: a cluster randomized controlled trial study protocol.

PubMed

Zerfu, Taddese Alemu; Taddese, Henok; Nigatu, Tariku; Tenkolu, Girma; Vogel, Joshua P; Khan-Neelofur, Dina; Biadgilign, Sibhatu; Deribew, Amare

2017-01-26

Despite improvements since 1990 to 2014, maternal mortality ratio (MMR) remains high in Ethiopia. One of the key drivers of maternal mortality in Ethiopia is the very low coverage of Skilled Birth attendance (SBA) in rural Ethiopia. This cluster randomized trial piloted an innovative approach of deploying trained community reproductive nurses (CORN) to hard to reach/unreachable rural Ethiopia to improve the coverage of SBA. We used a three-arm cluster randomized trial to test the effect of deploying CORN in rural communities in South Ethiopia to improve SBA and other maternal health indicators. A total of 282 villages/clusters (94 from each arm) were randomly selected in the three districts of the zone for the study. The intervention was implemented in four consecutive phases that aimed at of provision of essential maternal, neonatal and child health (MNCH) services mainly focusing on SBA. The CORN were trained and deployed in health centres (arm 1) and in the community/health posts (arm2). A third arm (arm 3) consisting control villages without the intervention. A baseline and end line assessment was conducted to compare the difference in the proportion of SBA and other MNCH service uptake across the three arms Data was entered into computer, edited, cleaned, and analyzed using Epi-data statistical software. The presentation followed the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement guidelines for cluster-randomized trials. This trial is designed to test the impact of an innovative and newly designed means of distribution for the national health extension program strategy with additional service package with no change to the target population. The focus is on effect of CORN in revitalizing the Health Extension Program (HEP) through improving SBA service uptake and other maternal health service uptake indicators. The study findings may guide national policy to strengthen and shape the already existing HEP that has certain limitations to improve maternal health indicators. The competency based training methodology could provide feedback for health science colleges to improve the national nursing or midwifery training curriculum. clinicaltrails.gov NCT02501252 dated on July 14, 2015.

Reducing rural maternal mortality and the equity gap in northern Nigeria: the public health evidence for the Community Communication Emergency Referral strategy.

PubMed

Aradeon, Susan B; Doctor, Henry V

2016-01-01

The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) maternal mortality target risks being underachieved like its Millennium Development Goal (MDG) predecessor. The MDG skilled birth attendant (SBA) strategy proved inadequate to end preventable maternal deaths for the millions of rural women living in resource-constrained settings. This equity gap has been successfully addressed by integrating a community-based emergency obstetric care strategy into the intrapartum care SBA delivery strategy in a large scale, northern Nigerian health systems strengthening project. The Community Communication Emergency Referral (CCER) strategy catalyzes community capacity for timely evacuations to emergency obstetric care facilities instead of promoting SBA deliveries in environments where SBA availability and accessibility will remain inadequate for the near and medium term. Community Communication is an innovative, efficient, equitable, and culturally appropriate community mobilization approach that empowers low- and nonliterate community members to become the communicators. For the CCER strategy, this community mobilization approach was used to establish and maintain emergency maternal care support structures. Public health evidence demonstrates the success of integrating the CCER strategy into the SBA strategy and the practicability of this combined strategy at scale. In intervention sites, the maternal mortality ratio reduced by 16.8% from extremely high levels within 4 years. Significantly, the CCER strategy contributed to saving one-third of the lives saved in the project sites, thereby maximizing the effectiveness of the SBAs and upgraded emergency obstetric care facilities. Pre- and postimplementation Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Survey results and qualitative assessments support the CCER theory of change. This theory of change rests on a set of implementation steps that rely on three innovative components: Community Communication, Rapid Imitation Practice, and CCER support structures. Innovative communication body tools and the rote learning Rapid Imitation Practice training methodology enabled low-literate volunteers to saturate their communities with informed group discussions transferring communication capacity and ownership to the discussion participants. CCER is especially efficient because virtually every timely, community referral for emergency maternal care results in a saved life, whereas on average, only one in every eight births delivered by an SBA (12%) is expected to be a delivery-associated complication requiring lifesaving care.

“Low Cost” Pore Expanded SBA-15 Functionalized with Amine Groups Applied to CO2 Adsorption

PubMed Central

Vilarrasa-García, Enrique; Cecilia, Juan Antonio; Ortigosa Moya, Elisa Maria; Cavalcante, Celio Loureiro; Azevedo, Diana Cristina Silva; Rodríguez-Castellón, Enrique

2015-01-01

The CO2 adsorption capacity of different functionalized mesoporous silicas of the SBA-15 type was investigated and the influence of textural properties and the effect of the silicon source on the CO2 uptake studied. Several adsorbents based on SBA-15 were synthesized using sodium silicate as silicon source, replacing the commonly used tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). Thus, we synthesized three couples of supports, two at room temperature (RT, RT-F), two hydrothermal (HT, HT-F) and two hydrothermal with addition of swelling agent (1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene) (TiPB, TiPB-F). Within each couple, one of the materials was synthesized with ammonium fluoride (NH4F). The supports were functionalized via grafting 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and via impregnation with polyethylenimine ethylenediamine branched (PEI). The adsorption behavior of the pure materials was described well by the Langmuir model, whereas for the amine-silicas, a Dualsite Langmuir model was applied, which allowed us to qualify and quantify two different adsorption sites. Among the materials synthesized, only the SBA-15 synthesized at room temperatures (RT) improved its properties as an adsorbent with the addition of fluoride when the silicas were functionalized with APTES. The most promising result was the TiPB-F/50PEI silica which at 75 °C and 1 bar CO2 captured 2.21 mmol/g.

Antibody Persistence in Young Children 5 Years after Vaccination with a Combined Haemophilus influenzae Type b-Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup C Conjugate Vaccine Coadministered with Diphtheria-Tetanus-Acellular Pertussis-Based and Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines

PubMed Central

Tejedor, Juan Carlos; Brzostek, Jerzy; Konior, Ryszard; Grunert, Detlef; Kolhe, Devayani; Baine, Yaela

2016-01-01

We evaluated antibody persistence in children up to 5 years after administration of a combined Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)-Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C (MenC)-tetanus toxoid (TT) conjugate vaccine coadministered with a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. This is the follow-up study of a randomized trial (ClinicalTrials.gov registration no. NCT00334334/00463437) in which healthy children were vaccinated (primary vaccinations at 2, 4, and 6 months of age and booster vaccination at 11 to 18 months of age) with Hib-MenC-TT or a control MenC conjugate vaccine, coadministered with diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTPa)-based combination vaccines (DTPa/Hib for control groups) and a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (10-valent pneumococcal nontypeable H. influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine [PHiD-CV] or 7-valent cross-reacting material 197 [CRM197] conjugate vaccine [7vCRM]). MenC antibody titers were measured with a serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) assay using rabbit complement (i.e., rabbit SBA [rSBA]), and antibodies against Hib polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibody persistence up to 5 years after booster vaccination is reported for 530 children ∼6 years of age. The percentages of children with seroprotective rSBA-MenC titers were between 24.2% and 40.1% in all groups approximately 5 years after booster vaccination. More than 98.5% of children in each group retained seroprotective anti-PRP concentrations. No vaccine-related serious adverse events and no events related to a lack of vaccine efficacy were reported. Approximately 5 years after booster vaccination, the majority of children retained seroprotective anti-PRP antibody concentrations. The percentage of children retaining seroprotective rSBA-MenC titers was low (≤40%), suggesting that a significant proportion of children may be unprotected against MenC disease. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT00891176.) PMID:27145999

Antibody Persistence in Young Children 5 Years after Vaccination with a Combined Haemophilus influenzae Type b-Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup C Conjugate Vaccine Coadministered with Diphtheria-Tetanus-Acellular Pertussis-Based and Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines.

PubMed

Tejedor, Juan Carlos; Brzostek, Jerzy; Konior, Ryszard; Grunert, Detlef; Kolhe, Devayani; Baine, Yaela; Van Der Wielen, Marie

2016-07-01

We evaluated antibody persistence in children up to 5 years after administration of a combined Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)-Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C (MenC)-tetanus toxoid (TT) conjugate vaccine coadministered with a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. This is the follow-up study of a randomized trial (ClinicalTrials.gov registration no. NCT00334334/00463437) in which healthy children were vaccinated (primary vaccinations at 2, 4, and 6 months of age and booster vaccination at 11 to 18 months of age) with Hib-MenC-TT or a control MenC conjugate vaccine, coadministered with diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTPa)-based combination vaccines (DTPa/Hib for control groups) and a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (10-valent pneumococcal nontypeable H. influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine [PHiD-CV] or 7-valent cross-reacting material 197 [CRM197] conjugate vaccine [7vCRM]). MenC antibody titers were measured with a serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) assay using rabbit complement (i.e., rabbit SBA [rSBA]), and antibodies against Hib polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibody persistence up to 5 years after booster vaccination is reported for 530 children ∼6 years of age. The percentages of children with seroprotective rSBA-MenC titers were between 24.2% and 40.1% in all groups approximately 5 years after booster vaccination. More than 98.5% of children in each group retained seroprotective anti-PRP concentrations. No vaccine-related serious adverse events and no events related to a lack of vaccine efficacy were reported. Approximately 5 years after booster vaccination, the majority of children retained seroprotective anti-PRP antibody concentrations. The percentage of children retaining seroprotective rSBA-MenC titers was low (≤40%), suggesting that a significant proportion of children may be unprotected against MenC disease. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT00891176.). Copyright © 2016 Tejedor et al.

Adsorption of pharmaceuticals onto trimethylsilylated mesoporous SBA-15.

PubMed

Bui, Tung Xuan; Pham, Viet Hung; Le, Son Thanh; Choi, Heechul

2013-06-15

The adsorption of a complex mixture of 12 selected pharmaceuticals to trimethylsilylated mesoporous SBA-15 (TMS-SBA-15) has been investigated by batch adsorption experiments. The adsorption of pharmaceuticals to TMS-SBA-15 was highly dependent on the solution pH and pharmaceutical properties (i.e., hydrophobicity (logKow) and acidity (pKa)). Good log-log linear relationships between the adsorption (Kd) and pH-dependent octanol-water coefficients (Kow(pH)) were then established among the neutral, anionic, and cationic compounds, suggesting hydrophobic interaction as a primary driving force in the adsorption. In addition, the neutral species of each compound accounted for a major contribution to the overall compound adsorption onto TMS-SBA-15. The adsorption kinetics of pharmaceuticals was evaluated by the nonlinear first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The first-order model gave a better fit for five pharmaceuticals with lower adsorption capacity, whereas the pseudo-second-order model fitted better for seven pharmaceuticals having higher adsorption capacity. In the same group of properties, pharmaceuticals having higher adsorption capacity exhibited faster adsorption rates. The rate-limiting steps for adsorption of pharmaceuticals onto TMS-SBA-15 are boundary layer diffusion and intraparticle diffusion including diffusion in mesopores and micropores. In addition, the adsorption of pharmaceuticals to TMS-SBA-15 was not influenced by the change of initial pharmaceutical concentration (10-100μgL(-1)) and the presence of natural organic matter. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Empowerment, intimate partner violence and skilled birth attendance among women in rural Uganda.

PubMed

Kwagala, Betty; Nankinga, Olivia; Wandera, Stephen Ojiambo; Ndugga, Patricia; Kabagenyi, Allen

2016-05-04

There is limited research on how the empowerment of women and intimate partner violence (IPV) are associated with skilled birth attendance (SBA) among rural women in Uganda. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to investigate the association between women's empowerment, their experience of IPV and SBA in rural Uganda. Using data from the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS), we selected 857 rural women who were in union, had given birth in the last 5 years preceding the survey and were selected for the domestic violence (DV) module. Frequency distributions were used to describe the background characteristics of the women and their partners. Pearson's chi-squared (χ (2)) tests were used to investigate the associations between SBA and women's empowerment; and partners' and women's socio-demographic factors including sexual violence. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between SBA and explanatory variables. More than half (55 %) of the women delivered under the supervision of skilled birth attendant. Women's empowerment with respect to participation in household decision-making, property (land and house) (co)ownership, IPV, and sexual empowerment did not positively predict SBA among rural women in Uganda. Key predictors of SBA were household wealth status, partners' education, ANC attendance and parity. For enhancement of SBA in rural areas, there is a need to encourage a more comprehensive ANC attendance irrespective of number of children a woman has; and design interventions to enhance household wealth and promote men's education.

Synthesis of core–shell structured FAU/SBA-15 composite molecular sieves and their performance in catalytic cracking of polystyrene

PubMed Central

Du, Jinlong; Shi, Chunwei; Wu, Wenyuan; Bian, Xue; Chen, Ping; Cui, Qingzhu; Cui, Zhixuan

2017-01-01

Abstract Composite molecular sieves, FAU/SBA-15, having core-shell structure were synthesized. The synthesized composite sieves were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), pyrolysis fourier transform infrared (Py-FTIR) spectroscopy, temperature programmed desorption spectra (NH3-TPD), UV Raman spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and other techniques. XRD, SEM, TEM, N2 adsorption-desorption, mass spectrometry, NMR and EDS results showed that the composite molecular sieve contained two pore channels. Py-FTIR results showed that the addition of HY molecular sieves improved the acidity of the composite zeolite. The crystallization mechanism during the growth of FAU/SBA-15 shell was deduced from the influence of crystallization time on the synthesis of FAU/SBA-15 core-shell structured composite molecular sieve. HY dissociated partially in H2SO4 solution, and consisted of secondary structural units. This framework structure was more stable than its presence in the isolated form on the same ring or in the absence of Al. Thus it played a guiding role and connected with SBA-15 closely through the Si-O bond. This resulted in the gradual covering of the exterior surface of FAU phase by SBA-15 molecular sieves. The presence of SBA-15 restricted the formation of the other high mass components and increased the selectivity towards ethylbenzene. PMID:29383044

13 CFR 126.202 - Who does SBA consider to control a HUBZone SBC?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Who does SBA consider to control a HUBZone SBC? 126.202 Section 126.202 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION HUBZONE PROGRAM Requirements to be a Qualified HUBZone SBC § 126.202 Who does SBA consider to control a HUBZone SBC? Control means both the day-to-day...

13 CFR 120.1831 - Is there a limit to the number of SISMBD Loans or advances that an SISMBD may request from SBA?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Is there a limit to the number of SISMBD Loans or advances that an SISMBD may request from SBA? 120.1831 Section 120.1831 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Establishment of an SBA Direct Loan...

13 CFR 126.307 - Where will SBA maintain the List of qualified HUBZone SBCs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...? Qualified HUBZone SBCs are identified by running a search on CCR/DSBS (http://dsbs.sba.gov/dsbs/dsp_dsbs.cfm) and are listed on the HUBZone Web page at https://eweb1.sba.gov/hubzone/internet/general/approved... Business Administration, 409 3rd Street, SW., Washington, DC 20416 or at [email protected]gov. [69 FR 29423, May...

13 CFR 126.307 - Where will SBA maintain the List of qualified HUBZone SBCs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...? Qualified HUBZone SBCs are identified by running a search on CCR/DSBS (http://dsbs.sba.gov/dsbs/dsp_dsbs.cfm) and are listed on the HUBZone Web page at https://eweb1.sba.gov/hubzone/internet/general/approved... Business Administration, 409 3rd Street, SW., Washington, DC 20416 or at [email protected]gov. [69 FR 29423, May...

13 CFR 126.307 - Where will SBA maintain the List of qualified HUBZone SBCs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...? Qualified HUBZone SBCs are identified by running a search on CCR/DSBS (http://dsbs.sba.gov/dsbs/dsp_dsbs.cfm) and are listed on the HUBZone Web page at https://eweb1.sba.gov/hubzone/internet/general/approved... Business Administration, 409 3rd Street, SW., Washington, DC 20416 or at [email protected]gov. [69 FR 29423, May...

SBA Innovation Clusters

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-02

Programs and services to help you start, grow and succeed www.sba.gov U.S. Small Business Administration Your Small Business Resource 1Approved for...Public Release SBA Innovation Clusters RADM Steven G. Smith USN (Ret) Advanced Defense Technology Cluster Coordinator U.S. Small Business ...UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) U.S. Small Business Administration ,Advanced Defense Technology Cluster,409 3rd St, SW

13 CFR 124.205 - Can an applicant ask SBA to reconsider SBA's initial decision to decline its application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... reconsider SBA's initial decision to decline its application? (a) An applicant may request the AA/BD to... pertinent to overcoming the reason(s) for the initial decline. (b) The AA/BD will issue a written decision within 45 days of the regional DPCE's receipt of the applicant's request. The AA/BD may either approve...

13 CFR 127.302 - What third-party certifications may a concern use as evidence of its status as a qualified EDWOSB...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION WOMEN-OWNED SMALL BUSINESS FEDERAL CONTRACT... certification from: (1) SBA as an 8(a) BD or SDB women-owned concern in good standing; (2) The Department of... one or more women; or (3) An entity designated as an SBA-approved certifier on SBA's Web site located...

13 CFR 124.205 - Can an applicant ask SBA to reconsider SBA's initial decision to decline its application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... reconsider SBA's initial decision to decline its application? (a) An applicant may request the AA/BD to... pertinent to overcoming the reason(s) for the initial decline. (b) The AA/BD will issue a written decision within 45 days of the regional DPCE's receipt of the applicant's request. The AA/BD may either approve...

Antibody persistence up to 5 years after vaccination of toddlers and children between 12 months and 10 years of age with a quadrivalent meningococcal ACWY-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine.

PubMed

Vesikari, Timo; Forsten, Aino; Bianco, Veronique; Van der Wielen, Marie; Miller, Jacqueline M

2016-01-01

We studied the persistence of serum bactericidal antibody using rabbit and human complement (rSBA/hSBA, cut-offs 1:8) 5 y after a single dose of meningococcal serogroups A, C, W, Y tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (MenACWY-TT) compared with age-appropriate control vaccines in toddlers and children (NCT00427908). Children were previously randomized (3:1) to receive either MenACWY-TT or control vaccine (MenC-CRM197 in 1-<2 y olds; MenACWY-polysaccharide vaccine [Men-PS] in 2-<11 y olds). Subjects with rSBA-MenC titers <1:8 at any time point were revaccinated with MenC conjugate vaccine and discontinued from the study. A repeated measurement statistical model assessed potential selection effects due to drop-outs. At year 5 in MenACWY-TT-vaccinated-toddlers for serogroups A, C, W, and Y respectively, percentages with rSBA titers ≥1:8 were 73.5%, 77.6%, 34.7%, and 42.9%, hSBA ≥1:8 were 35.6%, 91.7%, 82.6% and 80.0%. For MenC-CRM197 recipients, 63.6% had persisting rSBA-MenC titers ≥1:8 and 90.9% had hSBA-MenC ≥1:8 (not significantly different versus MenACWY-TT for either assay: exploratory analyses). In 2-<11 y olds rSBA titers ≥1:8 in MenACWY-TT-vaccinees were 90.8%, 90.8%, 78.6%, and 78.6% and 15.4%, 100%, 0.0%, 7.7% in Men-PS-vaccinees (significantly different for serogroups A, W and Y, exploratory analyses). Serogroups A, W and Y rSBA GMTs were ≥ 26-fold higher in MenACWY-TT-vaccinees. As expected, GMTs modeled at year 5 to assess the impact of subject drop out (mainly for revaccination), appeared lower for serogroup C. No vaccine-related SAEs were reported. Antibody persistence was observed for all serogroups up to 5 y after MenACWY-TT vaccination.

Application of SBA-15 in Adsorption-Fenton Oxidation Process for Simultaneous Remediation of Dehp and As(iii)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Latorre, I.; Hwang, S.

2013-12-01

Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) has been widely used as plasticizer in the manufacturing of polymeric materials to enhance flexibility, transparency and softness, particularly, in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) production. Several studies elucidated that DEHP could be linked to hepatocellular tumors and pre-term birth and may be a developmental and reproductive toxicant. Arsenic (As) contamination has been widespread in the environment and because of its toxicity and prevalence in nature; it also has become a significant environmental health concern. Most solid waste materials containing DEHP and As(III) are disposed of in landfills and may migrate to groundwater and soil environments representing a threat to human receptors. Therefore, the application of adsorption-Fenton oxidation process with Fe adsorbed to SBA-15 matrix was assessed for simultaneous remediation of DEHP and As(III). Three sequences were run to assess the regeneration efficiency of the SBA-15. A response surface methodology was employed to optimize adsorption and Fenton regeneration. Adsorption optimization was evaluated with regard to SBA-15 doses and the extent of As(III) and Fe concentrations. Optimization of Fenton regeneration, in addition, assessed initial H2O2 concentration. Global optimization for maximum reduction of DEHP and As(III) was performed by D-Optimal. Highest adsorption of DEHP (90-95%) and As (40-95%) into the SBA-15 was predicted at 1.16 mM Fe, 18.74 mg SBA-15 and 3.71 mg/L As(III). Highest reduction of As (78-99%) and DEHP (90-97%) was predicted with 0.50 mM Fe, 22 mg SBA-15, 3.02 mg/L As(III) and 22.50 mM H2O2. Global optimal treatments were validated and SBA-15 regenerated material was characterized via SEM and XPS. The efficiency of DEHP and As(III) remediation by adsorption-Fenton oxidation process, applying optimal treatment combinations, was evaluated using leachate from a lab scale bioreactor monofill (i.e., filled with PVC materials). Capability of As(III) and DEHP adsorption into SBA-15 was affected by the preferentiality adsorption of Fe and other compounds present in the monofill leachate.

Improving adsorption and activation of the lipase immobilized in amino-functionalized ordered mesoporous SBA-15

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Yun-qiang; Zhou, Guo-wei; Wu, Cui-cui; Li, Tian-duo; Song, Hong-bin

2011-05-01

Ordered mesoporous SBA-15 was prepared by hydrothermal process and was functionalized with(3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) by post-synthesis-grafting method. The materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS), small-angle X-ray powder diffraction (SAXRD), N 2 adsorption-desorption and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The results indicated that SBA-15 had a 2-dimensional hexagonal p6 mm mesoscopic structure and the mesoscopic structure was remained after the functionalization procedure. The activities of porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) immobilized in SBA-15 by physical adsorption and in APTES functionalized SBA-15 by chemical adsorption were studied by hydrolysis of triacetin. Chemically adsorbed PPL showed higher loading amount and catalytic activity comparing with physically adsorbed PPL. The stability of immobilized PPL against thermal and pH of reaction medium was significantly improved. Recycling experiments showed that chemically adsorbed PPL exhibited better reusability than physically adsorbed PPL.

A mesoporous silica composite scaffold: Cell behaviors, biomineralization and mechanical properties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Yong; Gao, Dan; Feng, Pei; Gao, Chengde; Peng, Shuping; Ma, HaoTian; Yang, Sheng; Shuai, Cijun

2017-11-01

Mesoporous structure is beneficial to cellular response due to the large specific surface area and high pore volume. In this study, mesoporous silica (SBA15) was incorporated into poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) to construct composite scaffold by selective laser sintering. The results showed that SBA15 facilitated cells proliferation, which was mainly attributed to its unique intrinsic mesoporous structure and the released bioactive silicon. Moreover, the hydrolyzate of soluble mesoporous silica can adsorb ions to form nucleation sites that promote biomineralization, leading to improve biological activity of the composite scaffold. In addition, the compressive strength, compressive modulus and Vickers hardness of the scaffold were increased by 47.6%, 35.5% and 29.53% respectively with 1.5 wt.% SBA15. It was found that the particle enhancement of uniform distributed SBA15 accounted for the mechanic reinforcement of the composite scaffold. It indicated that the PLLA-SBA15 composite scaffold had potential applications in bone tissue engineering.

13 CFR 140.3 - What rights do you have when SBA tries to collect a debt from you through offset?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false What rights do you have when SBA tries to collect a debt from you through offset? 140.3 Section 140.3 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEBT COLLECTION Offset § 140.3 What rights do you have when SBA tries to...

13 CFR 140.3 - What rights do you have when SBA tries to collect a debt from you through offset?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false What rights do you have when SBA tries to collect a debt from you through offset? 140.3 Section 140.3 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEBT COLLECTION Offset § 140.3 What rights do you have when SBA tries to...

13 CFR 140.3 - What rights do you have when SBA tries to collect a debt from you through offset?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false What rights do you have when SBA tries to collect a debt from you through offset? 140.3 Section 140.3 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEBT COLLECTION Offset § 140.3 What rights do you have when SBA tries to...

13 CFR 140.3 - What rights do you have when SBA tries to collect a debt from you through offset?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What rights do you have when SBA tries to collect a debt from you through offset? 140.3 Section 140.3 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEBT COLLECTION Offset § 140.3 What rights do you have when SBA tries to...

13 CFR 140.3 - What rights do you have when SBA tries to collect a debt from you through offset?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false What rights do you have when SBA tries to collect a debt from you through offset? 140.3 Section 140.3 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEBT COLLECTION Offset § 140.3 What rights do you have when SBA tries to...

Size tunable gold nanorods evenly distributed in the channels of mesoporous silica.

PubMed

Li, Zhi; Kübel, Christian; Pârvulescu, Vasile I; Richards, Ryan

2008-06-01

Uniformly distributed gold nanorods in mesoporous silica were synthesized in situ by performing a seed-mediated growth process in the channels of SBA-15 which functions as a hard-template to confine the diameter of gold nanorods. By changing the amount of gold precursor, gold nanorods were prepared with a fixed diameter (6-7 nm) and tunable aspect ratios from 3 to 30. Transmission electron microscope and electron tomography were utilized to visualize the gold nanorods supported on one piece of SBA-15 segment and showed a fairly uniform 3-dimensional distribution of gold nanorods within the SBA-15 channels. The longitudinal plasmon resonances of the gold nanorods/SBA-15 composites analyzed by diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectra were found to be tunable depending on the length of gold nanorods. No significant decrease in surface area and/or pore size of the composite was found after growth, indicating the growth process did not disrupt the open mesoporous structure of SBA-15. The combination of the tunable size of the nanorods and their 3-dimensional distribution within the open supporting matrix makes the gold nanorods/SBA-15 composites interesting candidates to systematically study the influence of the aspect ratio of gold nanorods on their properties and potential applications, i.e., catalyst, optical polarizer, and ultrasensitive medical imaging technique.

Effects of soybean agglutinin on intestinal barrier permeability and tight junction protein expression in weaned piglets.

PubMed

Zhao, Yuan; Qin, Guixin; Sun, Zewei; Che, Dongsheng; Bao, Nan; Zhang, Xiaodong

2011-01-01

This study was developed to provide further information on the intestinal barrier permeability and the tight junction protein expression in weaned piglets fed with different levels of soybean agglutinin (SBA). Twenty-five weaned crossbred barrows (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) were selected and randomly allotted to five groups, each group with five replicates. The piglets in the control group were not fed with leguminous products. 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2% SBA was added to the control diet to form four experimental diets, respectively. After the experimental period of 7 days (for each group), all the piglets were anesthetized with excess procaine and slaughtered. The d-lactic acid in plasma and the Ileal mucosa diamine oxidase (DAO) was analyzed to observe the change in the intestinal permeability. The tight junction proteins occludin and ZO-1 in the jejunum tissue distribution and relative expression were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western Blot. The results illustrated that a high dose of SBA (0.1-0.2%) could increase the intestinal permeability and reduce piglet intestinal epithelial tight junction protein occludin or ZO-1 expression, while low dose of SBA (0.05% of total diet) had no significant affects. The contents of DAO, d-lactic acid, occludin or ZO-1, had a linear relationship with the SBA levels (0-0.2%) in diets. The high dose SBA (0.1-0.2%) could increase the intestinal permeability and reduce piglet intestinal epithelial tight junction protein occludin or ZO-1 expression, while low dose of SBA (0.05% of total diet) had no affects.

Cu0-loaded SBA-15@ZnO with improved electrical properties and affinity towards hydrogen

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bouazizi, N.; Louhichi, S.; Ouargli, R.; Bargougui, R.; Vieillard, J.; Derf, F. Le; Azzouz, A.

2017-05-01

A core-shell material was prepared using SBA-15 crystallites as cores for the growth of a ZnO shell, followed by Cu0 dispersion. The resulting Cu/SBA-15@ZnO nanostructure displayed higher specific surface area (SSA) and higher number of smaller pores as compared to the starting materials. Dispersion of fine Cu0NPs induced a compaction of the host matrice and a marked decay of the hydrophilic character, explained in terms of the involvement of terminal hydroxyl groups in competitive sbnd HO:Cu interaction at the expense of H-bridges with water. Heating at 400-450 °C seems to trigger ZnO dehydroxylation with possible self-polycondensation and/or the formation of Si-O-Zn bridges. This is an additional explanation of the significant SSA increase and decrease in the average pore diameter. Both ZnO and Cu0NP incorporation induced shifts in the UV-vis absorption band towards higher wavelengths, indicating a decrease in the optical band gap energy and an improvement of the conductance properties. As compared to ZnO, Cu0NPs produced stronger improvement of the conductance, which was found to increase with higher frequencies. Cu/SBA-15@ZnO also displayed higher affinity towards hydrogen as compared to SBA-15@ZnO and SBA-15 at ambient conditions. These outstanding properties combined to an appreciable thermal stability are worth to be prone to deeper investigations, because they can open promising prospects for Cu/SBA-15@ZnO as sensor, electrode material, electrocatalyst and/or hydrogen capture matrice.

Photo-Catalytic Properties of TiO2 Supported on MWCNTs, SBA-15 and Silica-Coated MWCNTs Nanocomposites.

PubMed

Ramoraswi, Nteseng O; Ndungu, Patrick G

2015-12-01

Mesoporous silica, specifically SBA-15, acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and a hybrid nanocomposite of SBA-15 coated onto the sidewalls acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared and used as supports for anatase TiO2. Sol-gel methods were adapted for the synthesis of selected supports and for coating the materials with selected wt% loading of titania. Physical and chemical properties of the supports and catalyst composite materials were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The photo-activity of the catalyst composites were evaluated on the decolorisation of methylene blue as a model pollutant. Coating CNTs with SBA-15 improved the thermal stability and textural properties of the nanotubes. All supported titania composites had high surface areas (207-301 m(2)/g), altered band gap energies and reduced TiO2 crystallite sizes. The TiO2/SBA-CNT composite showed enhanced photo-catalytic properties and activity than the TiO2/SBA-15 and TiO2/CNT composites. In addition, an interesting observation was noted with the TiO2/SBA-15 nanocomposites, which had a significantly greater photo-catalytic activity than the TiO2/CNT nanocomposites in spite of the high electron-hole recombination phenomena observed with the photoluminescence results. Discussions in terms of morphological, textural and physical-chemical aspects to account for the result are presented.

Photo-Catalytic Properties of TiO2 Supported on MWCNTs, SBA-15 and Silica-Coated MWCNTs Nanocomposites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ramoraswi, Nteseng O.; Ndungu, Patrick G.

2015-10-01

Mesoporous silica, specifically SBA-15, acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and a hybrid nanocomposite of SBA-15 coated onto the sidewalls acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared and used as supports for anatase TiO2. Sol-gel methods were adapted for the synthesis of selected supports and for coating the materials with selected wt% loading of titania. Physical and chemical properties of the supports and catalyst composite materials were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The photo-activity of the catalyst composites were evaluated on the decolorisation of methylene blue as a model pollutant. Coating CNTs with SBA-15 improved the thermal stability and textural properties of the nanotubes. All supported titania composites had high surface areas (207-301 m2/g), altered band gap energies and reduced TiO2 crystallite sizes. The TiO2/SBA-CNT composite showed enhanced photo-catalytic properties and activity than the TiO2/SBA-15 and TiO2/CNT composites. In addition, an interesting observation was noted with the TiO2/SBA-15 nanocomposites, which had a significantly greater photo-catalytic activity than the TiO2/CNT nanocomposites in spite of the high electron-hole recombination phenomena observed with the photoluminescence results. Discussions in terms of morphological, textural and physical-chemical aspects to account for the result are presented.

Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference system analysis on adsorption studies of Reactive Red 198 from aqueous solution by SBA-15/CTAB composite

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aghajani, Khadijeh; Tayebi, Habib-Allah

2017-01-01

In this study, the Mesoporous material SBA-15 were synthesized and then, the surface was modified by the surfactant Cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB). Finally, the obtained adsorbent was used in order to remove Reactive Red 198 (RR 198) from aqueous solution. Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and BET were utilized for the purpose of examining the structural characteristics of obtained adsorbent. Parameters affecting the removal of RR 198 such as pH, the amount of adsorbent, and contact time were investigated at various temperatures and were also optimized. The obtained optimized condition is as follows: pH = 2, time = 60 min and adsorbent dose = 1 g/l. Moreover, a predictive model based on ANFIS for predicting the adsorption amount according to the input variables is presented. The presented model can be used for predicting the adsorption rate based on the input variables include temperature, pH, time, dosage, concentration. The error between actual and approximated output confirm the high accuracy of the proposed model in the prediction process. This fact results in cost reduction because prediction can be done without resorting to costly experimental efforts. SBA-15, CTAB, Reactive Red 198, adsorption study, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference systems (ANFIS).

Catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of aniline in wastewater using copper modified SBA-15 as catalyst.

PubMed

Kong, Liming; Zhou, Xiang; Yao, Yuan; Jian, Panming; Diao, Guowang

2016-01-01

SBA-15 mesoporous molecular sieves modified with copper (Cu-SBA-15) were prepared by pH-adjusting hydrothermal method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, BET, transmission electron microscopy, UV-Vis and (29)Si MAS NMR. The pH of the synthesis gel has a significant effect on the amount and the dispersion of copper on SBA-15. The Cu-SBA-15(4.5) (where 4.5 denotes the pH value of the synthesis gel) modified with highly dispersed copper was used as catalyst for the oxidation of aniline by H2O2. The Cu-SBA-15(4.5) shows a higher catalytic activity compared to CuO on the surface of SBA-15. The influences of reaction conditions, such as initial pH of the aqueous solutions, temperature, as well as the dosages of H2O2 and catalyst were investigated. Under weakly alkaline aqueous solution conditions, the aniline conversion, the H2O2 decomposition and the total organic carbon (TOC) removal could be increased significantly compared to the acid conditions. The percentage of leaching Cu(2+) could be decreased from 45.0% to 3.66% when the initial pH of solution was increased from 5 to 10. The TOC removal could be enhanced with the increases of temperature, H2O2 and catalyst dosage, but the aniline conversion and H2O2 decomposition change slightly with further increasing dosage of catalyst and H2O2. At 343 K and pH 8.0, 100% aniline conversion and 66.9% TOC removal can be achieved under the conditions of 1.0 g/L catalyst and 0.05 mol/L H2O2 after 180 min. Although copper might be slightly leached from catalyst, the homogeneous Cu(2+) contribution to the whole catalytic activity is unimportant, and the highly dispersed copper on SBA-15 plays a dominant role.

Designed Synthesis of Mesoporous Solid-Supported Lewis Acid-Base Pairs and Their CO2 Adsorption Behaviors.

PubMed

Zakharova, Maria V; Masoumifard, Nima; Hu, Yimu; Han, Jongho; Kleitz, Freddy; Fontaine, Frédéric-Georges

2018-04-18

Conventional amines and phosphines, such as diethylenetriamine, diphenylpropylphosphine, triethylamine, and tetramethylpiperidine, were grafted or impregnated on the surface of metalated SBA-15 materials, such as Ti-, Al-, and Zr-SBA-15, to generate air-stable solid-supported Lewis acid-base pairs. The Lewis acidity of the metalated materials before and after the introduction of Lewis bases was verified by means of pyridine adsorption-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Detailed characterization of the materials was achieved by solid-state 13 C and 31 P MAS NMR spectroscopy, low-temperature N 2 physisorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray mapping analyses. Study of their potential interactions with CO 2 was performed using CO 2 adsorption isotherm experiments, which provided new insights into their applicability as solid CO 2 adsorbents. A correlation between solid-supported Lewis acid-base pair strength and the resulting affinity to CO 2 is discussed based on the calculation of isosteric enthalpy of adsorption.

13 CFR 124.1006 - Can SBA initiate a review of the SDB status of a firm claiming to be an SDB?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... SDB status of a firm claiming to be an SDB? 124.1006 Section 124.1006 Business Credit and Assistance... § 124.1006 Can SBA initiate a review of the SDB status of a firm claiming to be an SDB? SBA may initiate an SDB determination on any firm that has been certified to be an SDB by a procuring agency or that...

13 CFR 124.1006 - Can SBA initiate a review of the SDB status of a firm claiming to be an SDB?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... SDB status of a firm claiming to be an SDB? 124.1006 Section 124.1006 Business Credit and Assistance... § 124.1006 Can SBA initiate a review of the SDB status of a firm claiming to be an SDB? SBA may initiate an SDB determination on any firm that has been certified to be an SDB by a procuring agency or that...

13 CFR 124.1006 - Can SBA initiate a review of the SDB status of a firm claiming to be an SDB?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... SDB status of a firm claiming to be an SDB? 124.1006 Section 124.1006 Business Credit and Assistance... § 124.1006 Can SBA initiate a review of the SDB status of a firm claiming to be an SDB? SBA may initiate an SDB determination on any firm that has been certified to be an SDB by a procuring agency or that...

13 CFR 124.1006 - Can SBA initiate a review of the SDB status of a firm claiming to be an SDB?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... SDB status of a firm claiming to be an SDB? 124.1006 Section 124.1006 Business Credit and Assistance... § 124.1006 Can SBA initiate a review of the SDB status of a firm claiming to be an SDB? SBA may initiate an SDB determination on any firm that has been certified to be an SDB by a procuring agency or that...

13 CFR 124.1006 - Can SBA initiate a review of the SDB status of a firm claiming to be an SDB?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... SDB status of a firm claiming to be an SDB? 124.1006 Section 124.1006 Business Credit and Assistance... § 124.1006 Can SBA initiate a review of the SDB status of a firm claiming to be an SDB? SBA may initiate an SDB determination on any firm that has been certified to be an SDB by a procuring agency or that...

Development of a fraction collection approach in capillary electrophoresis SELEX for aptamer selection.

PubMed

Luo, Zhaofeng; Zhou, Hongmin; Jiang, Hao; Ou, Huichao; Li, Xin; Zhang, Liyun

2015-04-21

Aptamers have attracted much attention due to their ability to bind to target molecules with high affinity and specificity. The development of an approach capable of efficiently generating aptamers through systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) is particularly challenging. Herein, a fraction collection approach in capillary electrophoresis SELEX (FCE-SELEX) for the partition of a bound DNA-target complex is developed. By integrating fraction collection with a facile oil seal method for avoiding contamination while amplifying the bound DNA-target complex, in a single round of selection, a streptavidin-binding aptamer (SBA) has been generated. The affinity of aptamer SBA-36 for streptavidin (SA) is determined as 30.8 nM by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Selectivity and biotin competition experiments demonstrate that the SBA-36 aptamer selected by FCE-SELEX is as efficient as those from other methods. Based on the ability of fraction collection in partition and collection of the aptamer-target complex from the original DNA library, FCE-SELEX can be a universal tool for the development of aptamers.

Optimization of tetracycline hydrochloride adsorption on amino modified SBA-15 using response surface methodology.

PubMed

Hashemikia, Samaneh; Hemmatinejad, Nahid; Ahmadi, Ebrahim; Montazer, Majid

2015-04-01

Several researchers are focused on preparation of mesoporous silica as drug carriers with high loading efficiency to control or sustain the drug release. Carriers with highly loaded drug are utilized to minimize the time of drug intake. In this study, amino modified SBA-15 was synthesized through grafting with amino propyl triethoxy silane and then loaded with tetracycline hydrochloride. The drug loading was optimized by using the response surface method considering various factors including drug to silica ratio, operation time, and temperature. The drug to silica ratio indicated as the most influential factor on the drug loading yield. Further, a quadratic polynomial equation was developed to predict the loading percentage. The experimental results indicated reasonable agreement with the predicted values. The modified and drug loaded mesoporous particles were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, TEM, X-ray diffraction (XRD), elemental analysis and N2 adsorption-desorption. The release profiles of tetracycline-loaded particles were studied in different pH. Also, Higuchi equation was used to analyze the release profile of the drug and to evaluate the kinetic of drug release. The drug release rate followed the conventional Higuchi model that could be controlled by amino-functionalized SBA-15. Further, the drug delivery system based on amino modified SBA-15 exhibits novel features with an appropriate usage as an anti-bacterial drug delivery system with effective management of drug adsorption and release. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Human Infant Memory B Cell and CD4+ T Cell Responses to HibMenCY-TT Glyco-Conjugate Vaccine

PubMed Central

Fuery, Angela; Richmond, Peter C.; Currie, Andrew J.

2015-01-01

Carrier-specific T cell and polysaccharide-specific B cell memory responses are not well characterised in infants following glyco-conjugate vaccination. We aimed to determine if the number of Meningococcal (Men) C- and Y- specific memory B cells and; number and quality of Tetanus Toxoid (TT) carrier-specific memory CD4+ T cells are associated with polysaccharide-specific IgG post HibMenCY-TT vaccination. Healthy infants received HibMenCY-TT vaccine at 2, 4 and 6 months with a booster at 12 months. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and polysaccharide-specific memory B cells enumerated using ELISpot. TT-specific memory CD4+ T cells were detected and phenotyped based on CD154 expression and intracellular TNF-α, IL-2 and IFN-γ expression following stimulation. Functional polysaccharide-specific IgG titres were measured using the serum bactericidal activity (SBA) assay. Polysaccharide-specific Men C- but not Men Y- specific memory B cell frequencies pre-boost (12 months) were significantly associated with post-boost (13 months) SBA titres. Regression analysis showed no association between memory B cell frequencies post-priming (at 6 or 7 months) and SBA at 12 months or 13 months. TT-specific CD4+ T cells were detected at frequencies between 0.001 and 0.112 as a percentage of CD3+ T cells, but their numbers were not associated with SBA titres. There were significant negative associations between SBA titres at M13 and cytokine expression at M7 and M12. Conclusion: Induction of persistent polysaccharide-specific memory B cells prior to boosting is an important determinant of secondary IgG responses in infants. However, polysaccharide-specific functional IgG responses appear to be independent of the number and quality of circulating carrier-specific CD4+ T cells after priming. PMID:26191794

Phase II study of nab-paclitaxel in refractory small bowel adenocarcinoma and CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP)-high colorectal cancer.

PubMed

Overman, M J; Adam, L; Raghav, K; Wang, J; Kee, B; Fogelman, D; Eng, C; Vilar, E; Shroff, R; Dasari, A; Wolff, R; Morris, J; Karunasena, E; Pisanic, R; Azad, N; Kopetz, S

2018-01-01

Hypermethylation of promoter CpG islands [CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP)] represents a unique pathway for the development of colorectal cancer (CRC), characterized by lack of chromosomal instability and a low rate of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) mutations, which have both been correlated with taxane resistance. Similarly, small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA), a rare tumor, also has a low rate of APC mutations. This phase II study evaluated taxane sensitivity in SBA and CIMP-high CRC. The primary objective was Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 response rate. Eligibility included Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0/1, refractory disease, and SBA or CIMP-high metastatic CRC. Nab-paclitaxel was initially administered at a dose of 260 mg/m2 every 3 weeks but was reduced to 220 mg/m2 owing to toxicity. A total of 21 patients with CIMP-high CRC and 13 with SBA were enrolled from November 2012 to October 2014. The efficacy-assessable population (patients who received at least three doses of the treatment) comprised 15 CIMP-high CRC patients and 10 SBA patients. Common grade 3 or 4 toxicities were fatigue (12%), neutropenia (9%), febrile neutropenia (9%), dehydration (6%), and thrombocytopenia (6%). No responses were seen in the CIMP-high CRC cohort and two partial responses were seen in the SBA cohort. Median progression-free survival was significantly greater in the SBA cohort than in the CIMP-high CRC cohort (3.2 months compared with 2.1 months, P = 0.03). Neither APC mutation status nor CHFR methylation status correlated with efficacy in the CIMP-high CRC cohort. In vivo testing of paclitaxel in an SBA patient-derived xenograft validated the activity of taxanes in this disease type. Although preclinical studies suggested taxane sensitivity was associated with chromosomal stability and wild-type APC, we found that nab-paclitaxel was inactive in CIMP-high metastatic CRC. Nab-paclitaxel may represent a novel therapeutic option for SBA. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society for Medical Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Short branches lead to systematic artifacts when BLAST searches are used as surrogate for phylogenetic reconstruction.

PubMed

Dick, Amanda A; Harlow, Timothy J; Gogarten, J Peter

2017-02-01

Long Branch Attraction (LBA) is a well-known artifact in phylogenetic reconstruction when dealing with branch length heterogeneity. Here we show another phenomenon, Short Branch Attraction (SBA), which occurs when BLAST searches, a phenetic analysis, are used as a surrogate method for phylogenetic analysis. This error also results from branch length heterogeneity, but this time it is the short branches that are attracting. The SBA artifact is reciprocal and can be returned 100% of the time when multiple branches differ in length by a factor of more than two. SBA is an intended feature of BLAST searches, but becomes an issue, when top scoring BLAST hit analyses are used to infer Horizontal Gene Transfers (HGTs), assign taxonomic category with environmental sequence data in phylotyping, or gather homologous sequences for building gene families. SBA can lead researchers to believe that there has been a HGT event when only vertical descent has occurred, cause slowly evolving taxa to be over-represented and quickly evolving taxa to be under-represented in phylotyping, or systematically exclude quickly evolving taxa from analyses. SBA also contributes to the changing results of top scoring BLAST hit analyses as the database grows, because more slowly evolving taxa, or short branches, are added over time, introducing more potential for SBA. SBA can be detected by examining reciprocal best BLAST hits among a larger group of taxa, including the known closest phylogenetic neighbors. Therefore, one should look for this phenomenon when conducting best BLAST hit analyses as a surrogate method to identify HGTs, in phylotyping, or when using BLAST to gather homologous sequences. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Serum bactericidal assay for the evaluation of typhoid vaccine using a semi-automated colony-counting method.

PubMed

Jang, Mi Seon; Sahastrabuddhe, Sushant; Yun, Cheol-Heui; Han, Seung Hyun; Yang, Jae Seung

2016-08-01

Typhoid fever, mainly caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), is a life-threatening disease, mostly in developing countries. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is widely used to quantify antibodies against S. Typhi in serum but does not provide information about functional antibody titers. Although the serum bactericidal assay (SBA) using an agar plate is often used to measure functional antibody titers against various bacterial pathogens in clinical specimens, it has rarely been used for typhoid vaccines because it is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In the present study, we established an improved SBA against S. Typhi using a semi-automated colony-counting system with a square agar plate harboring 24 samples. The semi-automated SBA efficiently measured bactericidal titers of sera from individuals immunized with S. Typhi Vi polysaccharide vaccines. The assay specifically responded to S. Typhi Ty2 but not to other irrelevant enteric bacteria including Vibrio cholerae and Shigella flexneri. Baby rabbit complement was more appropriate source for the SBA against S. Typhi than complements from adult rabbit, guinea pig, and human. We also examined the correlation between SBA and ELISA for measuring antibody responses against S. Typhi using pre- and post-vaccination sera from 18 human volunteers. The SBA titer showed a good correlation with anti-Vi IgG quantity in the serum as determined by Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.737 (P < 0.001). Taken together, the semi-automated SBA might be efficient, accurate, sensitive, and specific enough to measure functional antibody titers against S. Typhi in sera from human subjects immunized with typhoid vaccines. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Development and Testing of Diglycolamide Functionalized Mesoporous Silica for Sorption of Trivalent Actinides and Lanthanides

DOE PAGES

Shusterman, Jennifer A.; Mason, Harris E.; Bowers, Jon; ...

2015-09-03

Sequestration of trivalent actinides and lanthanides present in used nuclear fuel and legacy wastes is necessary for appropriate long-term stewardship of these metals, particularly to prevent their release into the environment. Organically modified mesoporous silica is an efficient material for recovery and potential subsequent separation of actinides and lanthanides because of its high surface area, tunable ligand selection, and chemically robust substrate. Here, we have synthesized the first novel hybrid material composed of SBA-15 type mesoporous silica functionalized with diglycolamide ligands (DGA-SBA). Because of the high surface area substrate, the DGA-SBA was found to have the highest Eu capacity reportedmore » so far in the literature of all DGA solid-phase extractants. The sorption behavior of europium and americium on DGA-SBA in nitric and hydrochloric acid media was tested in batch contact experiments. DGA-SBA was found to have high sorption of Am and Eu in pH 1, 1 M, and 3 M nitric and hydrochloric acid concentrations, which makes it promising for sequestration of these metals from used nuclear fuel or legacy waste. The kinetics of Eu sorption were found to be two times slower than that for Am in 1 M HNO 3. Additionally, the short-term susceptibility of DGA-SBA to degradation in the presence of acid was probed using 29Si and 13C solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Finally, the material was found to be relatively stable under these conditions, with the ligand remaining intact after 24 h of contact with 1 M HNO 3, an important consideration in use of the DGA-SBA as an extractant from acidic media.« less

Effects of Soybean Agglutinin on Intestinal Barrier Permeability and Tight Junction Protein Expression in Weaned Piglets

PubMed Central

Zhao, Yuan; Qin, Guixin; Sun, Zewei; Che, Dongsheng; Bao, Nan; Zhang, Xiaodong

2011-01-01

This study was developed to provide further information on the intestinal barrier permeability and the tight junction protein expression in weaned piglets fed with different levels of soybean agglutinin (SBA). Twenty-five weaned crossbred barrows (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) were selected and randomly allotted to five groups, each group with five replicates. The piglets in the control group were not fed with leguminous products. 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2% SBA was added to the control diet to form four experimental diets, respectively. After the experimental period of 7 days (for each group), all the piglets were anesthetized with excess procaine and slaughtered. The d-lactic acid in plasma and the Ileal mucosa diamine oxidase (DAO) was analyzed to observe the change in the intestinal permeability. The tight junction proteins occludin and ZO-1 in the jejunum tissue distribution and relative expression were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western Blot. The results illustrated that a high dose of SBA (0.1–0.2%) could increase the intestinal permeability and reduce piglet intestinal epithelial tight junction protein occludin or ZO-1 expression, while low dose of SBA (0.05% of total diet) had no significant affects. The contents of DAO, d-lactic acid, occludin or ZO-1, had a linear relationship with the SBA levels (0–0.2%) in diets. The high dose SBA (0.1–0.2%) could increase the intestinal permeability and reduce piglet intestinal epithelial tight junction protein occludin or ZO-1 expression, while low dose of SBA (0.05% of total diet) had no affects. PMID:22272087

Development and Testing of Diglycolamide Functionalized Mesoporous Silica for Sorption of Trivalent Actinides and Lanthanides

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shusterman, Jennifer A.; Mason, Harris E.; Bowers, Jon

Sequestration of trivalent actinides and lanthanides present in used nuclear fuel and legacy wastes is necessary for appropriate long-term stewardship of these metals, particularly to prevent their release into the environment. Organically modified mesoporous silica is an efficient material for recovery and potential subsequent separation of actinides and lanthanides because of its high surface area, tunable ligand selection, and chemically robust substrate. Here, we have synthesized the first novel hybrid material composed of SBA-15 type mesoporous silica functionalized with diglycolamide ligands (DGA-SBA). Because of the high surface area substrate, the DGA-SBA was found to have the highest Eu capacity reportedmore » so far in the literature of all DGA solid-phase extractants. The sorption behavior of europium and americium on DGA-SBA in nitric and hydrochloric acid media was tested in batch contact experiments. DGA-SBA was found to have high sorption of Am and Eu in pH 1, 1 M, and 3 M nitric and hydrochloric acid concentrations, which makes it promising for sequestration of these metals from used nuclear fuel or legacy waste. The kinetics of Eu sorption were found to be two times slower than that for Am in 1 M HNO 3. Additionally, the short-term susceptibility of DGA-SBA to degradation in the presence of acid was probed using 29Si and 13C solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Finally, the material was found to be relatively stable under these conditions, with the ligand remaining intact after 24 h of contact with 1 M HNO 3, an important consideration in use of the DGA-SBA as an extractant from acidic media.« less

Evaluation of bi-functionalized mesoporous silicas as reversed phase/cation-exchange mixed-mode sorbents for multi-residue solid phase extraction of veterinary drug residues in meat samples.

PubMed

Casado, Natalia; Pérez-Quintanilla, Damián; Morante-Zarcero, Sonia; Sierra, Isabel

2017-04-01

A SBA-15 type mesoporous silica was synthesized and bi-functionalized with octadecylsilane (C18) or octylsilane (C8), and sulfonic acid (SO 3 - ) groups in order to obtain materials with reversed-phase/strong cation-exchange mixed-mode retention mechanism. The resulting hybrid materials (SBA-15-C18-SO 3 - and SBA-15-C8-SO 3 - ) were comprehensively characterized. They showed high surface area, high pore volume and controlled porous size. Elemental analysis of the materials revealed differences in the amount of C18 and C8. SBA-15-C18-SO 3 - contained 0.19mmol/g of C18, while SBA-15-C8-SO 3 - presented 0.54mmol/g of C8. The SO 3 - groups anchored to the silica surface of the pore walls were 0.20 and 0.09mmol/g, respectively. The bi-functionalized materials were evaluated as SPE sorbents for the multi-residue extraction of 26 veterinary drug residues in meat samples using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry detector (UHPLC-MS/MS). Different sorbent amounts (100 and 200mg) and organic solvents were tested to optimize the extraction procedure. Both silicas showed big extraction potential and were successful in the extraction of the target analytes. The mixed-mode retention mechanism was confirmed by comparing both silicas with SBA-15 mesoporous silica mono-functionalized with C18 and C8. Best results were achieved with 200mg of SBA-15-C18-SO 3 - obtaining recoveries higher than 70% for the majority of analytes. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Catalytic behavior of perchloric acid on silica mesoporous SBA-15 as a green heterogeneous Bronsted acid in heterocyclic multicomponent reactions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baghban, Ali; Doustkhah, Esmail; Rostamnia, Sadegh

2018-04-01

Catalytic behavior of perchloric acid when supported to mesoporous silica SBA-15 (SBA-15/HClO4) was investigated as a heterogeneous Bronsted acid. Its reactivity and leaching possibility were studied in cascade ring opening-cyclocondensation sequence of diketene and alcohol with aldehyde in the presence of either of urea or ammonium acetate. Results showed that this catalyst can be highly recyclable for several cycles.

Rapid reductive degradation of aqueous p-nitrophenol using nanoscale zero-valent iron particles immobilized on mesoporous silica with enhanced antioxidation effect

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tang, Lin; Tang, Jing; Zeng, Guangming; Yang, Guide; Xie, Xia; Zhou, Yaoyu; Pang, Ya; Fang, Yan; Wang, Jiajia; Xiong, Weiping

2015-04-01

In this study, nanoscale zero-valent iron particles immobilized on mesoporous silica (nZVI/SBA-15) were successfully prepared for effective degradation of p-nitrophenol (PNP). The nZVI/SBA-15 composites were characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis spectrum and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results showed that abundant ultrasmall nanoscale zero-valent iron particles were formed and well dispersed on mesoporous silica (SBA-15). Batch experiments revealed that PNP removal declined from 96.70% to 16.14% as solution pH increased from 3.0 to 9.0. Besides, degradation equilibrium was reached within 5 min, which was independent of initial PNP concentration. Furthermore, only a little PNP elimination on SBA-15 indicated that nZVI immobilized on mesoporous silica was mainly responsible for the target contaminant removal. The UV-vis spectrum and XPS measurement confirmed that the PNP removal was a reductive degradation process, which was further proved by the detected intermediates using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The excellent antioxidation ability had been discovered with more than 80% of PNP being removed by nZVI/SBA-15 treated with 30 days' exposure to air. These results demonstrated the feasible and potential application of nZVI/SBA-15 composites in organic wastewater treatment.