Current status of knowledge on public-speaking anxiety.

PubMed

Pull, Charles B

2012-01-01

This review examines the current knowledge on public-speaking anxiety, that is, the fear of speaking in front of others. This article summarizes the findings from previous review articles and describes new research findings on basic science aspects, prevalence rates, classification, and treatment that have been published between August 2008 and August 2011. Recent findings highlight the major aspects of psychological and physiological reactivity to public speaking in individuals who are afraid to speak in front of others, confirm high prevalence rates of the disorder, contribute to identifying the disorder as a possibly distinct subtype of social anxiety disorder (SAD), and give support to the efficacy of treatment programs using virtual reality exposure and Internet-based self-help. Public-speaking anxiety is a highly prevalent disorder, leading to excessive psychological and physiological reactivity. It is present in a majority of individuals with SAD and there is substantial evidence that it may be a distinct subtype of SAD. It is amenable to treatment including, in particular, new technologies such as exposure to virtual environments and the use of cognitive-behavioral self-help programs delivered on the Internet.

Public Address, Cultural Diversity, and Tolerance: Teaching Cultural Diversity in Speech Classes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Byrd, Marquita L.

While speech instructors work to design appropriate diversity goals in the public speaking class, few have the training for such a task. A review of course objectives and assignments for the basic course may be helpful. Suggestions for instructors working to incorporate diversity in the basic course include: (1) recognize the dominance of the…

Ethics Simulations as Preparation for Public Discourse

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hamilton, James P.; Mueller, Alfred G.

2010-01-01

Courses: Fundamentals of public speaking, basic hybrid course, introduction to communication, introduction to journalism, introduction to advertising, and any other course that includes components of communication ethics. Objective: Students will understand the fundamental elements of communication ethics.

Basic Communication Course Annual. Volume 6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Newburger, Craig, Ed.

This volume of an annual collection presents 14 essays relating to instruction in the basic communication course. Essays in the collection are "Using Interactive Video Instruction to Enhance Public Speaking Instruction" (Michael W. Cronin and William R. Kennan); "Interactive Video Instruction for Teaching Organizational Techniques…

Presentation Skills. P.R.I.D.E. People Retraining for Industry Excellence.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burt, Lorna

This guide, part of a series of workplace-developed materials for retraining factory workers, provides teaching materials for a workplace communication and public speaking course. The course is a review of basic speech concepts focused on helping participants to be comfortable in class discussions and speaking in front of an audience. Topics…

Students' Perceptions of Their Connectedness in the Community College Basic Public Speaking Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glaser, Hollis F.; Bingham, Shereen

2009-01-01

This study explores what classroom behaviors and activities in the basic speech course contribute to student connectedness. The results indicate that student encouragement, humor, honesty, interactive exercises and individual speeches, can help student bonding and motivation, and impacts their overall college experience.

Utilizing Forensics Skills to Enrich Schools and Communities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fryar, Maridell

In an era in which the credibility of public schools is falling with the general public, community forensics performances by students have the potential for cultivating public awareness of the effectiveness of the schools. Forensics is intrinsically related to basic speaking and listening skills, and since there is great potential for…

A Comparison of the Interpersonal Orientations of Speech Anxious and Non Speech Anxious Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ambler, Bob

A special section of a public speaking class at the Universtiy of Tennessee was developed in the spring of 1977 for speech anxious students. The course was designed to incorporate the basic spirit of the regular classes and to provide special training in techniques for reducing nervousness about speaking and in methods for coping with the…

Video-Modeling and Pre-Performance Apprehension: Ignorance Is Bliss.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Newburger, Craig; Hemphill, Michael

A study examined the effect of successful and unsuccessful video models on pre-performance public speaking anxiety of students enrolled in basic communication courses. Two hundred twenty-five students enrolled in the basic communication courses served as participants. Subjects were divided into four conditions according to how the instructions for…

Environmental Terms--The Basics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee County School District, Ft. Myers, FL. Dept. of Environmental Education and Instructional Development Services.

One of the problems of the English language is that individual words can often convey such a breadth of meaning that people often find themselves speaking past each other. The jargon of the environment is not immune. The words included in this publication are some of those more basic to the understanding of the environment. Definitions offered…

Imaginative Approaches to Teaching the Basic Public Speaking Course: Roundtable Discussion.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Orin G.

This paper presents 10 extemporaneous presentation assignments which are designed to review, test, and give students practice on every aspect necessary to become an effective public speaker in many situations. The paper begins with a description of the introductory communication course requirements and guidelines for grading of practice…

Communicative Skills: A Selected Bibliography. Revised.

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-06-01

Bibliography CONTENTS Communicating Person-to-Person ....................... 1 Public Speaking ...................................... 3 Basic Principles...34Microphones: What You Don’t Know Can Hurt You." ARMED FORCES COMPTROLLER, Vol. 35, Spring 1990, pp. 35- 36. (Periodical) Machan , Dyan. "Do You...August 1985, pp. 35-41. (Periodical) BASIC PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES FOR CLEAR WRITING "’Badly’ She, Wrote." TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT JOURNAL, Vol. 43

Public health and epidemiology journals published in Brazil and other Portuguese speaking countries

PubMed Central

Barreto, Mauricio L; Barata, Rita Barradas

2008-01-01

It is well known that papers written in languages other than English have a great risk of being ignored simply because these languages are not accessible to the international scientific community. The objective of this paper is to facilitate the access to the public health and epidemiology literature available in Portuguese speaking countries. It was found that it is particularly concentrated in Brazil, with some few examples in Portugal and none in other Portuguese speaking countries. This literature is predominantly written in Portuguese, but also in other languages such as English or Spanish. The paper describes the several journals, as well as the bibliographic databases that index these journals and how to access them. Most journals provide open-access with direct links in the indexing databases. The importance of this scientific production for the development of epidemiology as a scientific discipline and as a basic discipline for public health practice is discussed. To marginalize these publications has implications for a more balanced knowledge and understanding of the health problems and their determinants at a world-wide level. PMID:18826592

"I Thought It Would Be More Glamorous": Preconceptions and Misconceptions among Students in the Public Relations Principles Course.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bowen, Shannon A.

2003-01-01

Addresses public speaking students' preconceptions as they begin their study and the misconceptions to which they ascribe. Finds that students often enter the basic course unaware of a management focus, shocked by the level of strategic decision making required of practitioners, and surprised by the amount of research knowledge and activity…

Assessing Student Learning Outcomes in Teaching Interpersonal Communication.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Strohkirch, C. Sue

Fort Hays State Univesity offers a hybrid basic communication course. Competent speakers need to master public speaking skills (including suitable interpersonal skills), demonstrate nonverbal behaviors which support the verbal message, and be able to listen with literal and critical comprehension. However, increasing numbers of schools teach only…

A Circular Evolution of Perspectives regarding Ethical Communication?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cox, E. Sam

The contemporary view of ethical communication has come full circle, returning to the approach of Aristotle. Almost every public speaking textbook includes discussion of the basic concepts of what Aristotle called ethos, pathos, and logos. Of particular significance is Aristotle's conception of ethos, as elaborated in his work, "The…

Controlling betrieblicher Weiterbildung zwischen Hoffnung und Illuson - oder: Auch im Westen nicht viel Neues (The Controlling of Within-Company Further Education between Hope and Illusion, or: Nothing New in the West).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bank, Volker

2002-01-01

Discusses a survey of recent within-company further education publications available in German speaking areas, Anglo-Saxon countries, France, and Switzerland. Argues that there is a basic consensus evident in these publications. Critiques published patent remedies for controlling within-company further education. Searches for new methods of…

Disaster Day! Integrating Speech Skills though Impromptu Group Research and Presentation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pruim, Douglas E.

2016-01-01

Courses: Disaster Day (DD) is a single-class activity designed for public speaking classrooms, but could also be applied to courses addressing small group communication. Objectives: DD integrates fundamental skills of the basic speech course, fosters participation through group work, and introduces new concepts and skills. By the end of the…

Understanding the Oral Mind: Implications for Speech Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cocetti, Robert A.

The primary goal of the basic course in speech should be to investigate oral communication rather than public speaking. Fundamental to understanding oral communication is some understanding of the oral mind, that operates when orality is the primary means of expression. Since narrative invites action rather than leisurely analysis, the oral mind…

Supplying Community College Needs in Basic Speech Courses at Florida Junior College at Jacksonville, Florida.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Griggs, Dorothy Feldbinder; Shannon, Mary Louise

At Florida Junior College at Jacksonville, public speaking instructors employ Jerome S. Bruner's four factors of learning--predisposition to learn, structure of knowledge, sequence, and reinforcement--to plan an effective learning program for students with diverse academic backgrounds and goals. Specifically, six learning units, tailored to both…

Teaching Speech Organization and Outlining Using a Color-Coded Approach.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hearn, Ralene

The organization/outlining unit in the basic Public Speaking course can be made more interesting by using a color-coded instructional method that captivates students, facilitates understanding, and provides the opportunity for interesting reinforcement activities. The two part lesson includes a mini-lecture with a color-coded outline and a two…

What's in a Name? Denotation, Connotation, and "A Boy Named Sue"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lawton, Bessie

2011-01-01

Language choice--specifically word choice--is an important topic on a basic communication or public speaking course. One sub-topic under "Language" involves understanding the difference between denotation and connotation. Denotation refers to a word's definition, while connotation refers to the emotions associated with the word. Speakers need to…

The Effect of a High School Speech Course on Public Speaking Anxiety for Students in a College-Level Public Speaking Class

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Karen Hill

2012-01-01

Literature suggested public speaking is American's most feared activity. Additionally, the public speaking curriculum was removed from the K-12 school system after 2001. This study aimed to examine the effect of previous public speaking instruction, public speaking extra-curricular activity, gender, and self-esteem on public speaking anxiety…

ELT in Brazilian Public Schools: History, Challenges, New Experiences and Perspectives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Teixeira de Almeida, Ricardo Luiz

2016-01-01

Historically speaking, the teaching of English was never a part of Brazilian primary schools programmes. Foreign language teaching as an obligatory school subject appears only in the sixth year of basic education, and its goal is more connected to the development of critical citizens, rather than to the promotion of proficient speakers of the…

Preliminary Findings on Gender Based Fear Reactions in Communication Apprehension Writings.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stowell, Jessica; Furlong, Cathy

A study examined some of the reasons behind communication apprehension. The participants were 240 students (120 men and 120 women) from a southern community college enrolled in the basic public speaking course. Their writings were collected over a period of 7 years and selected randomly for analysis. The second week of the semester, students were…

Actions Speak Louder than Numbers. ICDI Annual Report 2012

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Child Development Initiatives (NJ1), 2012

2012-01-01

In the past years there has been a growing call for (financial) transparency of developmental aid organizations. The general public, or maybe better put: the popular media, are demanding information on cost efficiency and impact of projects. Development aid needs to prove its worth, that's what it basically boils down to. Of course there is…

Student Estimates of Public Speaking Competency: The Meaning Extraction Helper and Video Self-Evaluation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

LeFebvre, Luke; LeFebvre, Leah; Blackburn, Kate; Boyd, Ryan

2015-01-01

Video continues to be used in many basic communication courses as a way for students to self-evaluate speechmaking. In this study, students (N = 71) presented speeches, viewed the video recordings, and produced self-generated feedback. Comparing student's self-estimated grades from the self-evaluation against earned grades resulted in composite…

An Alternative Approach to the Treatment of Stage Fright in the Required Public Speaking Course.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bozik, Mary

Because students with stage fright are numerous, different from their college peers, and capable of being helped, the University of Illinois has created stage fright sections within the basic speech course. To meet the behavioral objectives of the course, the student should be able to define stage fright and recognize its common symptoms, describe…

Geografia de America Latina. Grados Seis-Diez (Geography of Latin America. Grades Six-Ten).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stanford Univ., CA. Stanford Program on International and Cross Cultural Education.

This publication, intended for Spanish-speaking students in grades 6-10, has three main objectives. First, it serves as an introduction (or refresher) to basic geographic concepts. Second, it is an examination of the physical and political geography of Latin America. Third, it is designed to help students examine maps in a critical manner. The…

Computer-Assisted Instruction in the Basic Public Speaking Course: Issues of Development and Implementation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vest, David; Tajchman, Ron

A study explained the manner in which a computer-assisted tutorial was built and assessed the utility of the courseware. The tutorial was designed to demonstrate the efficacy of good organization in informing the audience about a topic and provide appropriate models for the presentation of the well-organized informative speech. The topic of the…

Limits to Self-Organising Systems of Learning--The Kalikuppam Experiment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mitra, Sugata; Dangwal, Ritu

2010-01-01

What and how much can children learn without subject teachers? In an attempt to find a limit to self organized learning, we explored the capacity of 10-14 year old Tamil-speaking children in a remote Indian village to learn basic molecular biology, initially on their own with a Hole-in-the-Wall public computer facility, and later with the help of…

Children's identification of graphic symbols representing four basic emotions: comparison of Afrikaans-speaking and Sepedi-speaking children.

PubMed

DeKlerk, Hester M; Dada, Shakila; Alant, Erna

2014-01-01

Speech language pathologists recommend graphic symbols for AAC users to facilitate communication, including labelling and expressing emotions. The purpose of the current study was to describe and compare how 5- to 6-year-old Afrikaans- and Sepedi-speaking children identify and choose graphic symbols to depict four basic emotions, specifically happy, sad, afraid, and angry. Ninety participants were asked to select the graphic symbol from a 16-matrix communication overlay that would represent the emotion in response to 24 vignettes. The results of the t-tests indicated that the differences between the two groups' selection of target symbols to represent the four emotions are statistically significant. The results of the study indicate that children from different language groups may not perceive graphic symbols in the same way. The Afrikaans-speaking participants more often choose target symbols to represent target basic emotions than did the Sepedi-speaking participants. The most preferred symbols per emotion were identified and these different symbols were analysed in terms of facial features that distinguish them. Readers of this article will (1) recognise the importance of expressing basic emotions for children, particularly those that use AAC, (2) identify the possible limitations of line drawings for expressing and labelling basic emotions in typically developing children and (3) recognise the importance of cultural influences on recognition of basic emotions. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Fear of Public Speaking: Perception of College Students and Correlates.

PubMed

Ferreira Marinho, Anna Carolina; Mesquita de Medeiros, Adriane; Côrtes Gama, Ana Cristina; Caldas Teixeira, Letícia

2017-01-01

The aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of fear of public speaking among college students and to assess its association with sociodemographic variables and those related to the voice and oral communication. A cross-sectional descriptive and analytic study was conducted with 1135 undergraduates aged 17-58 years. The assessment instruments were (1) a questionnaire addressing the variables sex, age, field of undergraduate study, voice, and frequency of exposure to public speaking, and (2) the Self-statements During Public Speaking Scale (SSPS), which includes variables implicated in specific domains of public speaking. A descriptive analysis was performed of the variables as well as uni- and multivariate logistic regressions to examine their association with fear of public speaking. The level of significance was set at 5%. In all, 63.9% of the college students reported fear of public speaking. As many as 89.3% of the students would like their undergraduate program to include classes to improve public speaking. Being female, having infrequent participation as speakers in groups, and perceiving their voice as high-pitched or too soft increase the odds of exhibiting fear of public speaking compared with students without those features. A great number of undergraduates report fear of public speaking. This fear is more prevalent among women, students who participate in few activities involving speaking to groups of people, and those who have a self-perception of their voice as high-pitched or too soft. Copyright © 2017 The Voice Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Experimental public speaking: contributions to the understanding of the serotonergic modulation of fear.

PubMed

Garcia-Leal, Cybele; Graeff, Frederico Guilherme; Del-Ben, Cristina Marta

2014-10-01

Public speaking is widely used as a model of experimental fear and anxiety. This review aimed to evaluate the effects of pharmacological challenges on public speaking responses and their implications for the understanding of the neurobiology of normal and pathological anxiety, specifically panic disorder. We also describe methodological features of experimental paradigms using public speaking as an inducer of fear and stress. Public speaking is a potent stressor that can provoke significant subjective and physiological responses. However, variations in the manners in which public speaking is modelled can lead to different responses that need to be considered when interpreting the results. Results from pharmacological studies with healthy volunteers submitted to simulated public speaking tests have similarities with the pharmacological responses of panic patients observed in clinical practice and panic patients differ from controls in the response to the public speaking test. These data are compatible with the Deakin and Graeff hypothesis that serotonin inhibits fear, as accessed by public speaking tasks, and that this inhibition is likely related to the actions of serotonin in the dorsal periaqueductal grey matter. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effects of Sustained Impromptu Speaking and Goal Setting on Public Speaking Competency Development: A Case Study of EFL College Students in Morocco

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

El Mortaji, Latifa

2018-01-01

Research on impact of sustained impromptu speaking on public speaking competency development is scarce and lacking. The researcher investigated Moroccan college students' public speaking competency development through extemporaneous (i.e. carefully prepared and rehearsed) speech performance, after implementation of a teaching strategy involving…

The Basic Writer as Reluctant Oralist.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Villanueva, Victor

By identifying speculations concerning cognitive abilities and cognition's relation to culture, this paper outlines some of the work surrounding basic writers and speaking-writing relationships. Beginning with a discussion of the differences between speaking and writing popularized by Mina Shaughnessy, the paper goes on to examine studies that…

The CLIPS Index: Critical Listening in Public Speaking.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glenn, Ethel C.; Pood, Elliott

Students in the traditional public speaking course spend the bulk of their time in listening, yet little structure is given to this time to improve its educational value. The assumption underlying the Critical Listening in Public Speaking (CLIPS) Index is that students' listening time can be used to learn more about public speaking by using a…

Reducing Student Apprehension of Public Speaking: Evaluating Effectiveness of Group Tutoring Practices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Knight, Misty L.; Johnson, Karen Gabrielle; Stewart, Frances

2016-01-01

Research indicates that the fear of public speaking is an extraordinarily common phobia and that a significant portion of the population experiences some form of anxiety over public speaking. Although there is a great deal of research available on the etiology of public speaking anxiety, there is far less research available on interventional…

Development and Evaluation of a Basic First Aid Curriculum for Spanish-Speaking Dairy Workers.

PubMed

Meyerhoff, Anna; Tinc, Pamela J; Scott, Erika E

2016-07-27

. Over the past decade, the New York State dairy industry has grown substantially, resulting in an increase in immigrant workers who speak languages other than English. Estimates suggest that over 50% of workers on large New York dairies are Spanish-speaking individuals who immigrated to the U.S. from Guatemala, Mexico, and other Latin American countries. With a growing population of Spanish-speaking workers, safety concerns on farms have become a prominent issue. This article reviews the development and evaluation of a basic dairy first aid curriculum, which is intended to educate Spanish-speaking immigrant dairy workers on emergency response and first aid. The materials developed are culturally relevant and can be easily understood by low-literacy, non-English-speaking workers. In evaluation of the materials using pre- and post-testing, a significant knowledge gain was identified in workers who participated in the training. Copyright© by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers.

Incorporating TED Talk Assignments into a Public-Speaking Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hayward, Pamela A.

2017-01-01

Courses: Introduction to public speaking, advanced public speaking, hybrid/survey introduction to communication. Objectives: At the end of this activity, students will be able to (1) explain the elements of a speaking outline and discover these elements in real-world speech examples, (2) recreate outline formats effectively in their personal…

Adaptation and Assessment of a Public Speaking Rating Scale

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Iberri-Shea, Gina

2017-01-01

Prominent spoken language assessments such as the Oral Proficiency Interview and the Test of Spoken English have been primarily concerned with speaking ability as it relates to conversation. This paper looks at an additional aspect of spoken language ability, namely public speaking. This study used an adapted form of a public speaking rating scale…

Reduced Cortisol Output during Public Speaking Stress in Ostracized Women.

PubMed

Weik, Ulrike; Ruhweza, Jennifer; Deinzer, Renate

2017-01-01

Ostracism (being excluded or ignored) is experienced as unpleasant and distressing. In previous studies, an immediate pre-stress experience of ostracism induced by Cyberball, a virtual ball-tossing game, was found to inhibit cortisol reactivity to public speaking stress in female students. The present study examines whether the effect will persist when a 15-min time gap between the Cyberball experience and subsequent psychological stress is introduced. N = 84 women were randomly assigned to Cyberball ostracism vs. inclusion. 15 min after playing Cyberball, all women were subjected to public speaking stress. Salivary cortisol and mood were repeatedly assessed during the course of the experiment. These are the main findings of the study: Repeated measures ANCOVA revealed that public speaking stress resulted in a significant increase of cortisol in both groups (inclusion vs. ostracism). However, cortisol levels were significantly lower in the ostracism group. In earlier studies when Cyberball was played immediately before public speaking stress, the cortisol response to public speaking was completely suppressed in ostracized women. By introducing a waiting period between Cyberball and public speaking stress in the present study, the main effect of an ostracism induced reduction of cortisol remained, although both groups showed an increase of cortisol as a response to public speaking. These results again suggest that the experience of ostracism might inhibit hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, thereby confirming previous results. The formerly observed total suppression of HPA axis responsiveness to public speaking, however, seems to be a rather short-term effect.

Reduced Cortisol Output during Public Speaking Stress in Ostracized Women

PubMed Central

Weik, Ulrike; Ruhweza, Jennifer; Deinzer, Renate

2017-01-01

Ostracism (being excluded or ignored) is experienced as unpleasant and distressing. In previous studies, an immediate pre-stress experience of ostracism induced by Cyberball, a virtual ball-tossing game, was found to inhibit cortisol reactivity to public speaking stress in female students. The present study examines whether the effect will persist when a 15-min time gap between the Cyberball experience and subsequent psychological stress is introduced. N = 84 women were randomly assigned to Cyberball ostracism vs. inclusion. 15 min after playing Cyberball, all women were subjected to public speaking stress. Salivary cortisol and mood were repeatedly assessed during the course of the experiment. These are the main findings of the study: Repeated measures ANCOVA revealed that public speaking stress resulted in a significant increase of cortisol in both groups (inclusion vs. ostracism). However, cortisol levels were significantly lower in the ostracism group. In earlier studies when Cyberball was played immediately before public speaking stress, the cortisol response to public speaking was completely suppressed in ostracized women. By introducing a waiting period between Cyberball and public speaking stress in the present study, the main effect of an ostracism induced reduction of cortisol remained, although both groups showed an increase of cortisol as a response to public speaking. These results again suggest that the experience of ostracism might inhibit hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, thereby confirming previous results. The formerly observed total suppression of HPA axis responsiveness to public speaking, however, seems to be a rather short-term effect. PMID:28228738

Flushing High School. A Basic Trilingual Program, 1981-1982. O.E.E. Evaluation Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Torres, Judith A.; And Others

The Basic Trilingual Program at Flushing High School in Queens, New York City, provides instruction in English as a second language, native language arts instruction, and bilingual instruction in different content areas to Spanish speaking and Korean speaking high school students of limited English proficiency. The program is also involved in…

The Extinction and Return of Fear of Public Speaking.

PubMed

Laborda, Mario A; Schofield, Casey A; Johnson, Emily M; Schubert, Jessica R; George-Denn, Daniel; Coles, Meredith E; Miller, Ralph R

2016-11-01

Prior studies indicate extinguished fear often partially returns when participants are later tested outside the extinction context. Cues carried from the extinction context to the test context sometimes reduce return of fear, but it is unclear whether such extinction cues (ECs) reduce return of fear of public speaking. Here we assessed return of fear of public speaking, and whether either of two types of ECs can attenuate it. Participants gave speeches of increasing difficulty during an exposure practice session and were tested 2 days later in a different context. Testing occurred in the presence of physical ECs, after mentally rehearsing the exposure session, or without either reminder. Practice reduced fear of public speaking, but fear partially returned at test. Neither physical nor mental ECs reduced partial return of fear of public speaking. The return of extinguished fear of public speaking, although small, was reliable, but not appreciably sensitive to presence of ECs. © The Author(s) 2016.

Human experimental anxiety: actual public speaking induces more intense physiological responses than simulated public speaking.

PubMed

Zuardi, Antonio Waldo; Crippa, José Alexandre de Souza; Hallak, Jaime Eduardo Cecílio; Gorayeb, Ricardo

2013-01-01

a) To perform a systematic and meta-analytic review to verify whether the Simulated Public Speaking Task (SPST) leads to a greater increase in self-rated anxiety than in physiological correlates of anxiety; and b) to compare the results obtained with the SPST with an actual public speaking task involving healthy volunteers. a) The PubMed and ISI Web of Knowledge databases were searched for studies involving the SPST prior to 2012. Eleven publications were eligible and provided data from 143 healthy volunteers for meta-analysis; b) 48 university students without somatic or psychiatric disorders were divided into three experimental groups of 16 subjects to undergo one of the following: SPST, real-world public speaking task (real-world), and control situation (control). The meta-analysis showed that the SPST induced a significant increase in the Visual Analogue Mood Scale (VAMS) anxiety factor, but no significant increases in systolic blood pressure or heart rate. The empirical study showed that the real-world public speaking task increased heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure significantly more than the control and SPST conditions. These results suggest that real public speaking might be better than SPST in inducing experimental anxiety.

A survey on virtual environment applications to fear of public speaking.

PubMed

Vanni, F; Conversano, C; Del Debbio, A; Landi, P; Carlini, M; Fanciullacci, C; Bergamasco, M; Di Fiorino, A; Dell'Osso, L

2013-06-01

Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is one of the most prevalent anxiety disorders in Europe and comprises the fear of public speaking as its typical sub-type. Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is the intervention of choice for SAD, and it includes exposure to anxiety-provoking stimuli to induce systematic desensitization and reduce anxiety. Similarly, exposure therapy per se has been used and found effective, although it is not as specific as CBT for the treatment of SAD. Interestingly, exposure to anxiety-provoking situations can be achieved in Virtual Environments (VEs) through the simulation of social situations allowing individuals with public speaking anxiety to live and develop real exposure-like reactions. The Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) is the treatment of anxiety disorders based on such VEs. This article aims to provide an overview of the scientific literature related to the applications of Virtual Reality to the treatment of fear of public speaking. We conducted the literature review on PubMed and Google Scholar for studies including the fear-of-public-speaking VEs. Reviewed studies addressed two main aspects: the design parameters of the VEs for adequate reactions to synthetic social stimuli, and the efficacy of VEs for fear of public speaking treatment. VEs resulted effective for triggering as-if-real reactions in relation to public speaking. VE-based exposures reduced public speaking anxiety measurements, decreased scores and maintained them at 3 month follow-up. Studies comparing VRET to pharmacological therapy are lacking, and there are few randomized controlled trials that compare VRET to CBT, especially on fear of public speaking treatment.

Improving Lecture Quality through Training in Public Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mowbray, Robert; Perry, Laura B.

2015-01-01

Lecturing is a common instructional format but poor lecturing skills can detract from students' learning experiences and outcomes. As lecturing is essentially a form of public communication, training in public speaking may improve lecture quality. Twelve university lecturers in Malaysia participated in a six-week public speaking skills training…

Strengthening Manpower Programs for Spanish-Speaking Americans. Report of the Department of Labor Study Group on Manpower Needs of Spanish-Speaking Americans.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Lewin, and Associates, Inc., Washington, DC.

This report summarizes the findings and recommendations of a study conducted cooperatively by a management consulting firm and a team of Spanish-speaking manpower specialists. Basic issues explored were: (1) What are the manpower needs of Spanish-speaking Americans, (2) How are manpower programs meeting the needs at present, and (3) What action…

A Resource Curriculum in Public Address.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bergman, Richard F.

Developed as part of a series of teacher resource curriculum units in communication arts, this resource unit on public speaking includes several components organized for direct teacher use. The seven units that are offered include introduction to public communication, delivery, language, organization, speaking to share information, speaking to…

The development of the virtual reality system for the treatment of the fears of public speaking.

PubMed

Jo, H J; Ku, J H; Jang, D P; Shin, M B; Ahn, H B; Lee, J M; Cho, B H; Kim, S I

2001-01-01

The fear of public speaking is a kind of social phobias. The patients having the fear of public speaking show some symptoms like shame and timidity in the daily personal relationship. They are afraid that the other person would be puzzled, feel insulted, and they also fear that they should be underestimated for their mistakes. For the treatment of the fear of public speaking, the cognitive-behavioral therapy has been generally used. The cognitive-behavioral therapy is the method that makes the patients gradually experience some situations inducing the fears and overcome those at last. Recently, the virtual reality technology has been introduced as an alternative method for providing phobic situations. In this study, we developed the public speaking simulator and the virtual environments for the treatment of the fear of public speaking. The head-mounted display, the head-tracker and the 3 dimensional sound system were used for the immersive virtual environment. The imagery of the virtual environment consists of a seminar room and 8 virtual audiences. The patient will speak in front of these virtual audiences and the therapist can control motions, facial expressions, sounds, and voices of each virtual audience.

An Experimental Analog of Public Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Droppleman, Leo F.; McNair, Douglas M.

1971-01-01

Using finger sweat prints and arousal ratings two different types of stress were measured: anticipation of, and stress during, simulated public speaking. The results indicated that the stress producing properties of public speaking can be reproduced in the laboratory, thus the model has acceptable stimulus properties and can be used in…

Anxiety Level in Students of Public Speaking: Causes and Remedies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Raja, Farhan

2017-01-01

Despite being competent in their field of work, professional's worldwide struggle due to lack of good public speaking skills. Their assessments and appraisals are often not depictive of their professional competitiveness; therefore, it is important for students to overcome public speaking anxiety before they transit from academic life to…

Using Critical Communication Pedagogy to Teach Public Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

De La Mare, Danielle M.

2014-01-01

Using Critical Communication Pedagogy, this semester-long service-learning approach to public speaking requires students to apply public speaking concepts to a speech they develop and deliver to a specific community audience, to examine their own biases, and to explore and evaluate various strategies for adapting to their audience.

Public Speaking versus Hybrid Introductory Communication Courses: Exploring Four Outcomes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Broeckelman-Post, Melissa A.; Pyle, Andrew S.

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study was to compare student growth in public speaking and hybrid introductory communication skills courses on four outcomes: public speaking anxiety, self-perceived communication competence, intercultural effectiveness, and connected classroom climate. This study also sought to find out whether there were differences in the…

Virtual Reality Therapy: case study of fear of public speaking.

PubMed

North, Max M; Schoeneman, Curt M; Mathis, James R

2002-01-01

The major goal of this research case study was to investigate the effectiveness of Virtual Reality Therapy (VRT) in the treatment of the fear of public speaking. A twenty-eight-year-old Caucasian male was selected from questionnaires distributed to a class of undergraduate students enrolled at Kennesaw State University. Two assessment measures were used in this study. The first measure used was the Attitude Towards Public Speaking (ATPS) Questionnaire. The second measure used was the eleven-point Subjective Units of Disturbance (SUD) scale. These measurements assessed the anxiety, avoidance, attitudes and disturbance associated with the subject's fear of public speaking before and after each VRT treatment session. This case study of public speaking fear indicates that VRT may be used as an effective treatment method for reducing self-reported anxiety.

Negative mental imagery in public speaking anxiety: Forming cognitive resistance by taxing visuospatial working memory.

PubMed

Homer, Sophie R; Deeprose, Catherine; Andrade, Jackie

2016-03-01

This study sought to reconcile two lines of research. Previous studies have identified a prevalent and causal role of negative imagery in social phobia and public speaking anxiety; others have demonstrated that lateral eye movements during visualisation of imagery reduce its vividness, most likely by loading the visuospatial sketchpad of working memory. It was hypothesised that using eye movements to reduce the intensity of negative imagery associated with public speaking may reduce anxiety resulting from imagining a public speaking scenario compared to an auditory control task. Forty undergraduate students scoring high in anxiety on the Personal Report of Confidence as a Speaker scale took part. A semi-structured interview established an image that represented the participant's public speaking anxiety, which was then visualised during an eye movement task or a matched auditory task. Reactions to imagining a hypothetical but realistic public speaking scenario were measured. As hypothesised, representative imagery was established and reduced in vividness more effectively by the eye movement task than the auditory task. The public speaking scenario was then visualised less vividly and generated less anxiety when imagined after performing the eye movement task than after the auditory task. Self-report measures and a hypothetical scenario rather than actual public speaking were used. Replication is required in larger as well as clinical samples. Visuospatial working memory tasks may preferentially reduce anxiety associated with personal images of feared events, and thus provide cognitive resistance which reduces emotional reactions to imagined, and potentially real-life future stressful experiences. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Public-speaking fears in a community sample. Prevalence, impact on functioning, and diagnostic classification.

PubMed

Stein, M B; Walker, J R; Forde, D R

1996-02-01

Recent epidemiologic studies have revealed that social phobia is more prevalent than has been previously believed. An unresolved issue is the extent to which public-speaking fears constitute a recognizable form of social phobia in a community sample and, moreover, to what extent these fears are associated with functional morbidity. To examine the prevalence and impact of public-speaking fears and their relationship to social phobia in a community sample, we conducted a randomized telephone survey of 499 residents of Winnipeg, Manitoba, a medium-sized midwestern metropolitan area. One third of the respondents reported that they had excessive anxiety when they spoke to a large audience. The onset of fears was early (ie, 50%, 75%, and 90% by the ages of 13, 17, and 20 years, respectively). Anxious cognitions about public speaking included the following fears: doing or saying something embarrassing (64%), one's mind going blank (74%), being unable to continue talking (63%), saying foolish things or not making sense (59%), and trembling, shaking, or showing other signs of anxiety (80%). In total, 10% (n = 49) of the respondents reported that public-speaking anxiety had resulted in a marked interference with their work (2%), social life (1%), or education (4%), or had caused them marked distress (8%). Twenty-three persons (5%) had public-speaking anxiety in isolation (ie, without evidence of additional kinds of social fears). These data support the inclusion of severe forms of public-speaking fears within the social phobia construct and, furthermore, suggest that public-speaking anxiety may have a detrimental impact on the lives of many individuals in the community.

A Comparative Study of the Effect of Subliminal Messages on Public Speaking Ability.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schnell, James A.

A study investigated the effectiveness of subliminal techniques (such as tape recorded programs) for improving public speaking ability. It was hypothesized that students who used subliminal tapes to improve public speaking ability would perform no differently from classmates who listened to identical-sounding placebo tape programs containing no…

The Development and Test of the Public Speaking Competence Rubric

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schreiber, Lisa M.; Paul, Gregory D.; Shibley, Lisa R.

2012-01-01

In response to the demand for increased accountability within the university classroom, there have been calls for a new generation of rubrics that effectively assess students' competence in several areas, including public speaking. This article describes the development, test, and factor analyses of the Public Speaking Competence Rubric (PSCR), an…

Designing an Automated Assessment of Public Speaking Skills Using Multimodal Cues

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chen, Lei; Feng, Gary; Leong, Chee Wee; Joe, Jilliam; Kitchen, Christopher; Lee, Chong Min

2016-01-01

Traditional assessments of public speaking skills rely on human scoring. We report an initial study on the development of an automated scoring model for public speaking performances using multimodal technologies. Task design, rubric development, and human rating were conducted according to standards in educational assessment. An initial corpus of…

An Instrument to Assess Self-Statements During Public Speaking: Scale Development and Preliminary Psychometric Properties

PubMed Central

Hofmann, Stefan G.; DiBartolo, Patricia Marten

2006-01-01

Public speaking is the most commonly reported fearful social situation. Although a number of contemporary theories emphasize the importance of cognitive processes in social anxiety, there is no instrument available to assess fearful thoughts experienced during public speaking. The Self-Statements During Public Speaking (SSPS) scale is a 10-item questionnaire consisting of two 5-item subscales, the “Positive Self-Statements” (SSPS-P) and the “Negative Self-Statements” subscale (SSPS-N). Four studies report on the development and the preliminary psychometric properties of this instrument. PMID:16763666

Cognitive behavioral therapy for public-speaking anxiety using virtual reality for exposure.

PubMed

Anderson, Page L; Zimand, Elana; Hodges, Larry F; Rothbaum, Barbara O

2005-01-01

This study used an open clinical trial to test a cognitive-behavioral treatment for public-speaking anxiety that utilized virtual reality as a tool for exposure therapy. Treatment was completed by participants (n = 10) meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV criteria for social phobia, or panic disorder with agoraphobia in which public speaking was the predominantly feared stimulus. Treatment was conducted by a licensed psychologist in an outpatient clinic. Treatment consisted of eight individual therapy sessions, including four sessions of anxiety management training and four sessions of exposure therapy using a virtual audience, according to a standardized treatment manual. Participants completed standardized self-report questionnaires assessing public-speaking anxiety at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 3-month follow-up. Participants were asked to give a speech to an actual audience at pre- and post-treatment. Results showed decreases on all self-report measures of public-speaking anxiety from pre- to post-treatment, which were maintained at follow-up (n = 8; all P = 05). Participants were no more likely to complete a speech post-treatment than at pre-treatment. This study provides preliminary evidence that a cognitive-behavioral treatment using virtual reality for exposure to public speaking may reduce public-speaking anxiety and suggests that further research with a controlled design is needed. Copyright 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Effects of Video Streaming Technology on Public Speaking Students' Communication Apprehension and Competence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dupagne, Michel; Stacks, Don W.; Giroux, Valerie Manno

2007-01-01

This study examines whether video streaming can reduce trait and state communication apprehension, as well as improve communication competence, in public speaking classes. Video streaming technology has been touted as the next generation of video feedback for public speaking students because it is not limited by time or space and allows Internet…

Using Video-Taped Examples of Stand-Up Comedy Routines To Teach Principles of Public Speaking.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Siddens, Paul J., III

This paper investigates the use of stand-up comedy routines to demonstrate principles of public speaking to college students in communication classes. The paper examines particular elements of the public speaking process, which include the structural elements of speeches: (1) introductions; (2) the body of the speech, including organization,…

A Process Approach to Public Speaking: The Use of Exercises and Games.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berryman, Cynthia L.

The use of exercises and games in teaching the process of public speaking provides a novel and effective approach for teacher and student. This paper justifies a process orientation to public-speaking instruction and offers practical exercises, games, and activities for teaching the major rhetorical aspects involved in the process of public…

An Investigation of the Amount of Emphasis Placed on Content and Delivery by Instructors of Public Speaking.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Siddens, Paul J., III

A study examined how much emphasis instructors of public speaking place on content and delivery when teaching and delivering oral and written critiques. The study sought to determine whether when teaching a hybrid introduction to communication course, or public speaking course, instructors are challenged with teaching their students about issues…

Influence of Contextual Cues on the Efficacy of Desensitization and a Credible Placebo in Alleviating Public Speaking Anxiety

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Slutsky, Jeffrey M.; Allen, George J.

1978-01-01

After participating in a public speaking situation that allowed collection of self-report, physiological, and behavioral manifestations of anxiety, 67 subjects were randomly assigned to either desensitization, "T scope" therapy, or no treatment. Desensitization reduced public speaking anxiety in both contexts, whereas the placebo was effective…

Student Assessment of Communication Apprehension and Self-Esteem: The Impact of Traditional and Accelerated Public Speaking Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morreale, Sherwyn P.; And Others

This paper examines the impact of traditional and accelerated public speaking instruction on undergraduate-level students' self-perceptions of communication apprehension and self-esteem. Subjects, students at the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs were enrolled in the same semester in either a 16-week traditional public speaking course…

A Measure of EFL Public Speaking Class Anxiety: Scale Development and Preliminary Validation and Reliability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yaikhong, Kriangkrai; Usaha, Siriluck

2012-01-01

The present study contributes to developing a Public Speaking Class Anxiety Scale (PSCAS) to measure anxiety in the EFL public speaking class in the Thai context. Items were adopted from previous scales: Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) by Horwitz et al. (1986); Personal Report of Communication Apprehension (PRCA-24) and Personal…

Promoting Psychiatry as a Career Option for Ghanaian Medical Students through a Public-Speaking Competition

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Agyapong, Vincent Israel Opoku; McLoughlin, Declan

2012-01-01

Objectives: Authors assessed the impact of a public-speaking competition on the level of interest in psychiatry of Ghanaian medical students. Method: An inter-medical school public-speaking competition was organized to promote psychiatry as a fulfilling career option for Ghanaian medical students. Feedback questionnaires were completed by the…

Fearless Public Speaking: Oral Presentation Activities for the Elementary Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boyce, Janet S.; Alber-Morgan, Sheila R.; Riley, Jeanetta G.

2007-01-01

Nausea, sweating, weak knees, and a dry mouth are all symptoms associated with the fear of standing in front of an audience. Considering the anxiety that public speaking produces, students of any age are facing a significant challenge when they speak in front of a group. While speaking is considered to be an integral part of language arts, it…

What! I Have To Give a Speech?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murphy, Thomas J.; Snyder, Kenneth

Noting that fear of public speaking is the most common fear shared by people of all types, this book offers practical, easy-to-follow strategies for confident and effective public speaking. The book discusses the following aspects of public speaking: (1) what to talk about; (2) how to research a topic; (3) how to organize a speech; (4) how to keep…

What! I Have To Give a Speech? 2nd Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Snyder, Kenneth; Murphy, Thomas J.

Noting that fear of public speaking is shared by people of all types, the second edition of this book offers practical, easy-to-follow strategies for confident and effective public speaking. The book discusses the following aspects of public speaking: what to talk about; how to research a topic; how to organize a speech; how to keep an audience…

A Racing Heart, Rattling Knees, and Ruminative Thoughts: Defining, Explaining, and Treating Public Speaking Anxiety

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bodie, Graham D.

2010-01-01

Considered by many to be the foundation upon which our discipline was built, the study of public speaking has evolved from its humble beginnings into a vast literature of experimental and expositional studies. The focus of research on public speaking has primarily been to discover the antecedents, causes, and consequences of anxiety associated…

A Prototype Public Speaking Skills Assessment: An Evaluation of Human-Scoring Quality. Research Report. ETS RR-15-36

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Joe, Jilliam; Kitchen, Christopher; Chen, Lei; Feng, Gary

2015-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to summarize the evaluation of human-scoring quality for an assessment of public speaking skills. Videotaped performances given by 17 speakers on 4 tasks were scored by expert and nonexpert raters who had extensive experience scoring performance-based and constructed-response assessments. The Public Speaking Competence…

A Brief, Self-Directed Written Cognitive Exercise to Reduce Public Speaking Anxiety in College Courses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dibartolo, Patricia Marten; Molina, Kristine

2010-01-01

Fear of public speaking is the most common social fear experienced by the general population and can have far-reaching academic effects, including lower course grades and even an increased likelihood to drop out of college. The typical curricular approach to remediating public speaking fears in college students is to provide training in basic…

Re-Thinking Anxiety: Using Inoculation Messages to Reduce and Reinterpret Public Speaking Fears.

PubMed

Jackson, Ben; Compton, Josh; Thornton, Ashleigh L; Dimmock, James A

2017-01-01

Inoculation theory offers a framework for protecting individuals against challenges to an existing attitude, belief, or state. Despite the prevalence and damaging effects of public speaking anxiety, inoculation strategies have yet to be used to help individuals remain calm before and during public speaking. We aimed to test the effectiveness of an inoculation message for reducing the onset of public speaking anxiety, and helping presenters interpret their speech-related anxiety more positively. Participants (Mage = 20.14, SD = 2.72) received either an inoculation (n = 102) or control (n = 128) message prior to engaging a public speaking task and reported a range of anxiety-related perceptions. Accounting for personality characteristics and perceptions of task importance, and relative to control participants, those who received the inoculation message reported significantly lower pre-task anxiety, and following the task, reported that they had experienced lower somatic anxiety, and that the inoculation message had caused them to view their nerves in a less debilitating light. Inoculation messages may be an effective strategy for helping participants reframe and reduce their apprehension about public speaking, and investigating their efficacy in other stress-inducing contexts may be worthwhile.

Re-Thinking Anxiety: Using Inoculation Messages to Reduce and Reinterpret Public Speaking Fears

PubMed Central

Jackson, Ben; Compton, Josh; Thornton, Ashleigh L.; Dimmock, James A.

2017-01-01

Inoculation theory offers a framework for protecting individuals against challenges to an existing attitude, belief, or state. Despite the prevalence and damaging effects of public speaking anxiety, inoculation strategies have yet to be used to help individuals remain calm before and during public speaking. We aimed to test the effectiveness of an inoculation message for reducing the onset of public speaking anxiety, and helping presenters interpret their speech-related anxiety more positively. Participants (Mage = 20.14, SD = 2.72) received either an inoculation (n = 102) or control (n = 128) message prior to engaging a public speaking task and reported a range of anxiety-related perceptions. Accounting for personality characteristics and perceptions of task importance, and relative to control participants, those who received the inoculation message reported significantly lower pre-task anxiety, and following the task, reported that they had experienced lower somatic anxiety, and that the inoculation message had caused them to view their nerves in a less debilitating light. Inoculation messages may be an effective strategy for helping participants reframe and reduce their apprehension about public speaking, and investigating their efficacy in other stress-inducing contexts may be worthwhile. PMID:28125618

Brief virtual reality therapy for public speaking anxiety.

PubMed

Harris, Sandra R; Kemmerling, Robert L; North, Max M

2002-12-01

The primary goal of this research program was to investigate the effectiveness of virtual reality therapy (VRT) in reducing public speaking anxiety of university students. The prevalence and impact of public speaking anxiety as a type of Social Phobia are discussed. Studies of VRT as an emerging treatment for psychological problems are reviewed. In the present study, eight students completed VRT individual treatment and post-testing, and six students in a Wait-List control group completed post-testing. Assessment measures included four self-report inventories, self-report of Subjective Units of Discomfort during exposure to VRT and physiological measurements of heart rate during speaking tasks. Four weekly individual exposure treatment sessions of approximately 15 min each were conducted by the author serving as therapist. Results on self-report and physiological measures appear to indicate that four virtual reality treatment sessions were effective in reducing public speaking anxiety in university students, corroborating earlier studies of VRT's effectiveness as a psychotherapeutic modality. Future research directions are discussed, primarily the need for research on younger populations, to assess the effectiveness of VRT for earlier intervention with public speaking anxiety.

Public speaking attitudes: does curriculum make a difference?

PubMed

Hancock, Adrienne B; Stone, Matthew D; Brundage, Shelley B; Zeigler, Mark T

2010-05-01

In light of infamous levels of fear associated with public speaking, businesses are training staff in communication effectiveness and universities are requiring courses in public speaking. A variety of approaches to individual training are available, but few studies have assessed effectiveness of group instruction, as in academic curricula. The specific purpose of this study was to compare changes in scores on measures of self-perceived confidence, competence, and apprehension associated with public speaking after two types of courses: one focused on knowledge of the vocal mechanism and mastering vocal characteristics (pitch, volume, rate, quality), and one addressing general communication theory and public speaking. Seventy-one undergraduate students enrolled in "Voice and Diction" at George Washington University (GWU) and 68 enrolled in "Fundamental Speech" at Florida State University completed questionnaires before and after the courses. Scores on Self-Perceived Communication Competence Scale, Personal Report of Confidence as a Speaker, and Personal Report of Communication Apprehension-24, were compared within subjects (ie, prepost course) and between courses. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found on all measures: students reported less apprehension and more confidence and competence after the courses. No differences were found between the two courses when comparing the mean changes from pre- to postscore. Traditional public speaking curriculum of how to design and deliver a speech and curriculum tailored to the voice and speech mechanism succeeded in reducing public speaking apprehension and increasing feelings of confidence and competency for these undergraduate students. (c) 2010 The Voice Foundation. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

The Teaching of Listening as an Integral Part of an Oral Activity: An Examination of Public-Speaking Texts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adams, W. Clifton; Cox, E. Sam

2010-01-01

This article presents the results of a content analysis of 10 current public-speaking textbooks to determine the nature and extent to which they teach listening in an integrated approach with public speaking as an oral activity. Lewis and Nichols (1965) predicted that listening would increasingly be taught especially in an integrated approach with…

If First-Year Students Are Afraid of Public Speaking Assessments What Can Teachers Do to Alleviate Such Anxiety?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nash, Gregory; Crimmins, Gail; Oprescu, Florin

2016-01-01

Public speaking and oral assessments are common in higher education, and they can be a major cause of anxiety and stress for students. This study was designed to measure the student experience of public speaking assessment tasks in a mandatory first-year course at a regional Australian university. The research conducted was an instrumental case…

The relation between public speaking anxiety and social anxiety: a review.

PubMed

Blöte, Anke W; Kint, Marcia J W; Miers, Anne C; Westenberg, P Michiel

2009-04-01

This article reviewed the literature on public speaking anxiety in the context of social phobia subtyping. In total, 18 empirical studies on subtype issues related to public speaking anxiety were analyzed. Results of the reviewed studies are discussed in relation to their research method, that is, whether it focused on qualitative or quantitative aspects of subtype differences and whether it used a clinical or community sample. Evidence supported the premise that public speaking anxiety is a distinct subtype, qualitatively and quantitatively different from other subtypes of social phobia. The significance of this finding for social phobia studies using speech tasks to assess participants' state anxiety and behavioral performance is discussed.

Teaching Public Speaking Using Aristotle's "Rhetoric."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Finkel, Candida

Rather than relegating Aristotle's "Rhetoric" to history of rhetoric courses, where it is regarded with only an antiquarian interest, it can be used as a practical text for introductory public speaking courses. The advantages would be threefold: (1) its emphasis is essentially on rhetoric as a speaking art rather than an art of…

Excellence in Public Relations: Lesson from Larry Speakes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Detweiler, John S.

Former presidential press secretary Larry Speakes' confession that he manufactured a quote for President Reagan at the November 1987 summit in Geneva, Switzerland, created a firestorm which cost Speakes dearly, raised serious problems about the ethics of public relations practitioners, and contained broad implications for the profession. A study…

Cultural Speak: Culturally Relevant Pedagogy and Experiential Learning in a Public Speaking Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Colvin, Janet; Tobler, Nancy

2013-01-01

This study describes the efficacy of modifications made to a higher education Latina/o public speaking course to enhance student growth and understanding. The changes included the addition of a service-learning component and the incorporation of culturally relevant pedagogy. Selected research, particularly related to college students, on…

Attentional Control Buffers the Effect of Public Speaking Anxiety on Performance.

PubMed

Jones, Christopher R; Fazio, Russell H; Vasey, Michael W

2012-09-01

We explored dispositional differences in the ability to self-regulate attentional processes in the domain of public speaking. Participants first completed measures of speech anxiety and attentional control. In a second session, participants prepared and performed a short speech. Fear of public speaking negatively impacted performance only for those low in attentional control. Thus, attentional control appears to act as a buffer that facilitates successful self-regulation despite performance anxiety.

Attentional Control Buffers the Effect of Public Speaking Anxiety on Performance

PubMed Central

Jones, Christopher R.; Fazio, Russell H.; Vasey, Michael W.

2011-01-01

We explored dispositional differences in the ability to self-regulate attentional processes in the domain of public speaking. Participants first completed measures of speech anxiety and attentional control. In a second session, participants prepared and performed a short speech. Fear of public speaking negatively impacted performance only for those low in attentional control. Thus, attentional control appears to act as a buffer that facilitates successful self-regulation despite performance anxiety. PMID:22924093

Reading and writing performances of children 7-8 years of age with developmental coordination disorder in Taiwan.

PubMed

Cheng, Hsiang-Chun; Chen, Jenn-Yeu; Tsai, Chia-Liang; Shen, Miau-Lin; Cherng, Rong-Ju

2011-01-01

Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) refers to a delay in motor development that does not have any known medical cause. Studies conducted in English speaking societies have found that children with DCD display a higher co-occurrence rate of learning difficulties (e.g., problems in reading and writing) than typically developing (TD) children. The present study examined the reading and writing performance of school-aged children with DCD and TD children in Taiwan to determine whether reading and writing difficulties also co-occur with DCD in a non-English speaking society. The Chinese Reading Achievement Test and the Basic Reading and Writing Test were administered to 37 children with DCD (7.8 ± 0.6 years) and 93 TD children (8.0 ± 0.7 years). Children with DCD had significantly lower writing composite scores than TD children on the Basic Reading and Writing Test (105.9 ± 20.0 vs. 114.4 ± 19.9). However, there were no significant differences between children with DCD and TD children in their scores on the Chinese Reading Achievement Test and in their reading composite scores on the Basic Reading and Writing Test. These results contrasted interestingly with those obtained from English-speaking children: English-speaking DCD children showed poorer reading and poorer writing than English-speaking TD children. The possibility that the logographic nature of the Chinese script might have protected the DCD children against additional reading difficulty is discussed. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

On raising the international dissemination of German research: Does changing publication language to English attract foreign authors to publish in a German basic psychology research journal?

PubMed

Dinkel, Andreas; Berth, Hendrik; Borkenhagen, Ada; Brähler, Elmar

2004-01-01

It has been proposed that German basic psychology journals should change publication language to English in order to facilitate access to research from German-speaking countries. However, to truly increase the dissemination of German research, it seems crucial to progress towards an internationalization of authors and readers. We applied bibliometric analysis to investigate the impact of the transition to English on the rate of foreign authors publishing in Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie/Experimental Psychology, as well as possible associated changes in citation patterns. There was an increase in the rate of articles published by foreign authors from 14.6 and 8.7 per cent, respectively, for the last biannual periods as German-language journal, to 52.7 per cent in the first biannual period as English-language journal. Regarding citations patterns, the clearest changes emerged for domestic authors. The results illustrate possible consequences of a transition to English as publication language, and reveal that Experimental Psychology has successfully established certain prerequisites for an increase of the international dissemination of German psychology research.

A team public health research project for first-year pharmacy students to apply content from didactic courses.

PubMed

Fuentes, David; Deguire, Nancy; Patel, Rajul; Boyce, Eric

2010-08-10

To implement and assess a first-year pharmacy student group research project that provided practical hands-on application and reinforced the curricula of concurrent didactic courses. Groups of 6 to 7 students chose a public health topic based on the Healthy People 2010 Priority Areas and created a survey instrument. Faculty facilitated mock institutional review board (IRB) review sessions which provided teams with ongoing feedback and refinement recommendations before each team administered their survey instrument to a predefined population. Data analysis, formal written reports, and oral presentations were presented to peers and project faculty members. Teams complied with the requirements of the mock IRB, effectively applied basic research principles learned in class, collected survey data, performed inferential statistical analyses on the data, , and presented their project findings. Two-hundred six of 210 students (98%) reported feeling satisfied with both the results of their project and the accomplishments of their team. Teams applied a varied skill set including primary literature evaluation, basic research principles, statistics, public speaking, and peer collaboration in conducting a public health research project. First-year pharmacy students may benefit from participation in a collaborative research project that provides hands-on application of material being taught in didactic courses.

Public speaking for the healthcare professional: Part I--Preparing for the program.

PubMed

Baum, Neil

2011-01-01

It is true that most doctors do not enjoy public speaking. Most physicians, although good with one-on-one conversations with patients, are out of their comfort zone when it comes to speaking in front of other physicians, colleagues, and even lay persons. This three-part article will discuss the preparation, the presentation, and what you need to do after the program is over in order to become an effective public speaker.

The Dyslexic Student and the Public Speaking Notecard.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hayward, Pamela A.

To facilitate the extemporaneous speaking style, the preferred method of speech delivery in public speaking classes, students are advised to take a notecard with key words and phrases on it with them as they deliver the speech. In other words, the speech is to be well rehearsed but not given completely from memory or from a detailed manuscript.…

5 CFR 5501.107 - Teaching, speaking and writing by special Government employees in the Public Health Service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Teaching, speaking and writing by special Government employees in the Public Health Service. 5501.107 Section 5501.107 Administrative Personnel... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES § 5501.107 Teaching, speaking and writing by special Government...

5 CFR 5501.107 - Teaching, speaking and writing by special Government employees in the Public Health Service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Teaching, speaking and writing by special Government employees in the Public Health Service. 5501.107 Section 5501.107 Administrative Personnel... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES § 5501.107 Teaching, speaking and writing by special Government...

Don't look at me in anger! Enhanced processing of angry faces in anticipation of public speaking.

PubMed

Wieser, Matthias J; Pauli, Paul; Reicherts, Philipp; Mühlberger, Andreas

2010-03-01

Anxiety is supposed to enhance the processing of threatening information. Here, we investigated the cortical processing of angry faces during anticipated public speaking. To elicit anxiety, a group of participants was told that they would have to perform a public speech. As a control condition, another group was told that they would have to write a short essay. During anticipation of these tasks, participants saw facial expressions (angry, happy, and neutral) while electroencephalogram was recorded. Event-related potential analysis revealed larger N170 amplitudes for angry compared to happy and neutral faces in the anxiety group. The early posterior negativity as an index of motivated attention was also enhanced for angry compared to happy and neutral faces in participants anticipating public speaking. These results indicate that fear of public speaking influences early perceptual processing of faces such that especially the processing of angry faces is facilitated.

It's Not about Me: Politics of the Public University President

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pattenaude, Richard

2004-01-01

The author addresses the criticism that today's university presidents do not forcefully speak out to public issues and controversies. He discusses what had changed and why public presidents speak carefully on policy issues, putting forth that public university presidents have a responsibility to their institutions not to allow controversy sap…

Participatory Sketching as a Tool to Address Student's Public Speaking Anxiety

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rattine-Flaherty, Elizabeth

2014-01-01

In a diverse, interconnected, and results-oriented world, students need to be confident and well-prepared public speakers. However, many students entering public speaking classrooms feel anxious and dread having to perform publicly (Bodie, 2010). Students' sense of Communication Apprehension (CA) is likely to increase for any of several…

An Investigation of the Variables Predicting Faculty of Education Students' Speaking Anxiety through Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bozpolat, Ebru

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study is to determine whether Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Education students' levels of speaking anxiety are predicted by the variables of gender, department, grade, such sub-dimensions of "Speaking Self-Efficacy Scale for Pre-Service Teachers" as "public speaking," "effective speaking,"…

Well Spoken: Teaching Speaking to All Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palmer, Erik

2011-01-01

All teachers at all grade levels in all subjects have speaking assignments for students, but many teachers believe they don't know how to teach speaking, and many even fear public speaking themselves. In his new book, "Well Spoken", veteran teacher and education consultant Erik Palmer shares the art of teaching speaking in any classroom. Teachers…

Contributions of Phonological Processing Skills to Reading Skills in Arabic Speaking Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taibah, Nadia J.; Haynes, Charles W.

2011-01-01

This cross-sectional study investigated contributions of phonological awareness (Elision and blending), rapid naming (object, color, letter, and digit), and phonological memory (nonword repetition and Digit Span) to basic decoding and fluency skills in Arabic. Participants were 237 Arabic speaking children from Grades K-3. Dependent measures…

Orthographic learning and self-teaching in a bilingual and biliterate context.

PubMed

Schwartz, Mila; Kahn-Horwitz, Janina; Share, David L

2014-01-01

The aim of this study was to examine self-teaching in the context of English as a foreign language literacy acquisition. Three groups comprising 88 sixth-grade children participated. The first group consisted of Russian-Hebrew-speaking bilinguals who had acquired basic reading skills in Russian as their first language (L1) and literacy and who were literate in Hebrew as a second language. The second group consisted of Russian-Hebrew-speaking bilinguals who had not learned to read in their native Russian but had acquired Hebrew as their first literate language. The third group consisted of Hebrew-speaking monolingual children who were literate in Hebrew. This design facilitated examining the effect of biliteracy and bilingualism on basic English reading skills. We hypothesized that due to the proximity between the Russian and English orthographies as opposed to the Hebrew-English "distance," the Russian-Hebrew-speaking biliterate group who acquired basic reading and spelling skills in L1 Russian would have superior self-teaching in English as opposed to the two other groups. The standard two-session self-teaching paradigm was employed with naming (speed and accuracy) and orthographic choice as posttest measures of orthographic learning. Results showed that after 4 years of English instruction, all three groups showed evidence of self-teaching on naming speed and orthographic recognition. The Russian-Hebrew-speaking biliterate group, moreover, showed a partial advantage over the comparison groups for initial decoding of target pseudowords and clear-cut superiority for measures of later orthographic learning, thereby showing self-teaching while supporting the script dependence hypothesis. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Family Literacy Works: Key Findings from the NFER Evaluation of the Basic Skills Agency's Demonstration Programmes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Basic Skills Agency, 2006

2006-01-01

The Basic Skills Agency (formerly the Adult Literacy and Basic Skills Unit--ALBSU) is the national development agency for literacy, numeracy and related basic skills in England and Wales. This agency defines basic skills as " the ability to read, write, and speak in English and use mathematics at a level necessary to function and progress at…

Attenuated heart rate responses to public speaking in individuals with alcohol dependence.

PubMed

Panknin, Tera L; Dickensheets, Stacey L; Nixon, Sara J; Lovallo, William R

2002-06-01

Because individuals with alcohol dependence (AD) have shown blunted cortisol responses to psychological stress, we assessed whether they also show attenuated cardiovascular responses. This study examined the cardiovascular responses of people meeting DSM-IV criteria for AD to orthostasis and public speaking. Heart rate (HR), stroke volume, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, mean arterial pressure, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure during orthostasis and public speaking were assessed by use of impedance cardiography and Dinamap blood pressure monitoring in 20 AD subjects abstinent for 21 to 28 days and in 10 age-matched controls. Orthostasis consisted of standing, whereas public speaking involved preparing and presenting two speeches. Self-reported mood state was also assessed during the tasks. AD subjects had significantly lower resting BP compared with controls. Cardiovascular responses to orthostasis were similar between groups. AD subjects had attenuated HR during public speaking but reported similar anxiety responses to controls. Comparable cardiovascular responses to orthostasis in controls and AD subjects suggest intact reflex control of circulation. AD subjects had blunted HR responses to public speaking; this is consistent with the attenuated cortisol responses observed in this sample and in previous studies. This suggests a possible alteration in limbic system regulation of hypothalamic and brainstem responses to psychological stress. Cardiovascular responses of AD subjects that are inconsistent with subjective accounts of tension and anxiety suggest a disconnection between perception of threat and resulting physiologic responses in AD subjects.

Public speaking stress-induced neuroendocrine responses and circulating immune cell redistribution in irritable bowel syndrome.

PubMed

Elsenbruch, Sigrid; Lucas, Ayscha; Holtmann, Gerald; Haag, Sebastian; Gerken, Guido; Riemenschneider, Natalie; Langhorst, Jost; Kavelaars, Annemieke; Heijnen, Cobi J; Schedlowski, Manfred

2006-10-01

Augmented neuroendocrine stress responses and altered immune functions may play a role in the manifestation of functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. We tested the hypothesis that IBS patients would demonstrate enhanced psychological and endocrine responses, as well as altered stress-induced redistribution of circulating leukocytes and lymphocytes, in response to an acute psychosocial stressor when compared with healthy controls. Responses to public speaking stress were analyzed in N = 17 IBS patients without concurrent psychiatric conditions and N = 12 healthy controls. At baseline, immediately following public speaking, and after a recovery period, state anxiety, acute GI symptoms, cardiovascular responses, serum cortisol and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were measured, and numbers of circulating leukocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations were analyzed by flow cytometry. Public speaking led to significant cardiovascular activation, a significant increase in ACTH, and a redistribution of circulating leukocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations, including significant increases in natural killer cells and cytotoxic/suppressor T cells. IBS patients demonstrated significantly greater state anxiety both at baseline and following public speaking. However, cardiovascular and endocrine responses, as well as the redistribution of circulating leukocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations after public speaking stress, did not differ for IBS patients compared with controls. In IBS patients without psychiatric comorbidity, the endocrine response as well as the circulation pattern of leukocyte subpopulations to acute psychosocial stress do not differ from healthy controls in spite of enhanced emotional responses. Future studies should discern the role of psychopathology in psychological and biological stress responses in IBS.

Romanian Basic Course.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Defense Language Inst., Washington, DC.

The "Romanian Basic Course," consisting of 89 lesson units in eight volumes, is designed to train native English language speakers to Level 3 proficiency in comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing Romanian (based on a 1-5 scale in which Level 5 is native speaker proficiency). Volume 1, which introduces basic sentences in dialog form with…

To Speak Like a TED Speaker--A Case Study of TED Motivated English Public Speaking Study in EFL Teaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Li, Yingxia; Gao, Ying; Zhang, Dongyu

2016-01-01

This paper intends to investigate the effectiveness of a new course pattern--TED-motivated English Public Speaking Course in EFL teaching in China. This class framework adopts TED videos as the learning materials to stimulate students to be a better speaker. Meanwhile, it aims to examine to what extent the five aspects of language skills are…

Assessing public speaking fear with the short form of the Personal Report of Confidence as a Speaker scale: confirmatory factor analyses among a French-speaking community sample.

PubMed

Heeren, Alexandre; Ceschi, Grazia; Valentiner, David P; Dethier, Vincent; Philippot, Pierre

2013-01-01

The main aim of this study was to assess the reliability and structural validity of the French version of the 12-item version of the Personal Report of Confidence as Speaker (PRCS), one of the most promising measurements of public speaking fear. A total of 611 French-speaking volunteers were administered the French versions of the short PRCS, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, the Fear of Negative Evaluation scale, as well as the Trait version of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory-II, which assess the level of anxious and depressive symptoms, respectively. Regarding its structural validity, confirmatory factor analyses indicated a single-factor solution, as implied by the original version. Good scale reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.86) was observed. The item discrimination analysis suggested that all the items contribute to the overall scale score reliability. The French version of the short PRCS showed significant correlations with the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (r = 0.522), the Fear of Negative Evaluation scale (r = 0.414), the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (r = 0.516), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (r = 0.361). The French version of the short PRCS is a reliable and valid measure for the evaluation of the fear of public speaking among a French-speaking sample. These findings have critical consequences for the measurement of psychological and pharmacological treatment effectiveness in public speaking fear among a French-speaking sample.

Assessing public speaking fear with the short form of the Personal Report of Confidence as a Speaker scale: confirmatory factor analyses among a French-speaking community sample

PubMed Central

Heeren, Alexandre; Ceschi, Grazia; Valentiner, David P; Dethier, Vincent; Philippot, Pierre

2013-01-01

Background: The main aim of this study was to assess the reliability and structural validity of the French version of the 12-item version of the Personal Report of Confidence as Speaker (PRCS), one of the most promising measurements of public speaking fear. Methods: A total of 611 French-speaking volunteers were administered the French versions of the short PRCS, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, the Fear of Negative Evaluation scale, as well as the Trait version of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory-II, which assess the level of anxious and depressive symptoms, respectively. Results: Regarding its structural validity, confirmatory factor analyses indicated a single-factor solution, as implied by the original version. Good scale reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.86) was observed. The item discrimination analysis suggested that all the items contribute to the overall scale score reliability. The French version of the short PRCS showed significant correlations with the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (r = 0.522), the Fear of Negative Evaluation scale (r = 0.414), the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (r = 0.516), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (r = 0.361). Conclusion: The French version of the short PRCS is a reliable and valid measure for the evaluation of the fear of public speaking among a French-speaking sample. These findings have critical consequences for the measurement of psychological and pharmacological treatment effectiveness in public speaking fear among a French-speaking sample. PMID:23662060

76 FR 7828 - Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental Impact Statement and Conduct Public Scoping Meetings...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-11

... INFORMATION section of this NOI. Requests to speak at one or more public scoping meeting(s) should be received.... ADDRESSES: Requests to speak at a public scoping meeting, comments on the scope of the EIS, and requests to... Statement and Conduct Public Scoping Meetings, and Notice of Floodplains and Wetlands Involvement; Northern...

38 CFR 21.7120 - Courses included in programs of education.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... (ii) Any music course, instrumental or vocal, public speaking course or courses in dancing, sports or... public speaking which are offered by institutions of higher learning for credit as an integral part of a...

English Spelling Errors Made by Arabic-Speaking Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Al-Busaidi, Saleh; Al-Saqqaf, Abdullah H.

2015-01-01

Spelling is a basic literacy skill in any language as it is crucial in communication. EFL students are often unable to spell or pronounce very simple monosyllabic words even after several years of English instruction. Similarly, teachers and researchers usually focus on the larger skills such as speaking and reading and ignore the smaller…

Building Bridges of Understanding with the French-Speaking People in Europe.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT. Language Research Center.

This book attempts to provide cultural information that will enable an American to communicate effectively with French-speaking people of Europe. The book discusses differences between American and French culture in such areas as food, laws, customs, religion, language, dress, and basic attitudes. Background information is given on France,…

Basic Concepts and Techniques in Accounting for Spanish Speaking Students (Student's Manual).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kempf, Constanza

Intended for limited-English Spanish-speaking adult students, this manual contains an eight-chapter course in accounting. It is written in Spanish with key terms/concepts (and occupation-related vocabulary) translated into English appearing immediately following the Spanish in parentheses. Examples are provided in English only. The information…

20 CFR 664.205 - How is the “deficient in basic literacy skills” criterion in § 664.200(c)(1) defined and documented?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

...) Computes or solves problems, reads, writes, or speaks English at or below the 8th grade level on a... to compute or solve problems, read, write, or speak English at a level necessary to function on the...

20 CFR 664.205 - How is the “deficient in basic literacy skills” criterion in § 664.200(c)(1) defined and documented?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

...) Computes or solves problems, reads, writes, or speaks English at or below the 8th grade level on a... to compute or solve problems, read, write, or speak English at a level necessary to function on the...

20 CFR 664.205 - How is the “deficient in basic literacy skills” criterion in § 664.200(c)(1) defined and documented?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

...) Computes or solves problems, reads, writes, or speaks English at or below the 8th grade level on a... to compute or solve problems, read, write, or speak English at a level necessary to function on the...

Virtual Reality Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Public Speaking Anxiety: A Randomized Clinical Trial

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wallach, Helene S.; Safir, Marilyn P.; Bar-Zvi, Margalit

2009-01-01

Public speaking anxiety (PSA) is a common phobia. Although cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is preferred, difficulties arise with the exposure component (lack of therapist control, patient's inability to imagine, self-flooding, loss of confidentiality resulting from public exposure). Virtual reality CBT (VRCBT) enables a high degree of therapist…

"Side-Coaching" the Public Speech: Toward Improvisational Delivery Adjustments "in the Moment"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waisanen, Don J.; Reynolds, Rodney A.

2008-01-01

A post-speech evaluation, suggesting improvements for future presentations, is typical in the public speaking course. Moreover, while most public speaking courses emphasize "thinking" about better delivery, little attention is given to what better delivery "feels" like. If the goal is to cultivate a generation of truly extemporaneous speakers,…

77 FR 66938 - Utility Allowances Submetering; Hearing Cancellation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-08

... interested in testifying at the public hearing to submit a request to speak and an outline of the topics to be addressed. As of Friday, November 2, 2012, no one has requested to speak. Therefore, the public.... ACTION: Cancellation of notice of public hearing on proposed rulemaking. SUMMARY: This document cancels a...

75 FR 59172 - Electronic Funds Transfer of Depository Taxes; Hearing Cancellation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-27

... testifying at the public hearing to submit a request to speak, and an outline of the topics to be addressed. As of Wednesday, September 22, 2010, no one has requested to speak. Therefore, the public hearing... Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Cancellation of notice of public hearing on proposed rulemaking...

Speaking of Science: stepping out of the stereotype (Invited)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castro, J. M.

2013-12-01

Just because we are scientists and engineers, does not mean that our presentations must be dry and boring. Step out of the stereotype! Success in your career depends not only upon the rigor of your research, but also hinges on your ability to communicate with your peers and with the public. According to many somewhat dubious internet polls, public speaking is the number one human fear. And yet public speaking is defined as speaking to more than four people at any given time. Hence, you are a public speaker more than you may realize. Given this seemingly natural fear, it is not surprising that delivering a presentation at large, or even small, science gatherings can be frightening, overwhelming, and intimidating, but it can also be extremely rewarding and gratifying. On very few occasions do we, as scientists and engineers, get to reach out to dozens or hundreds of our colleagues in a single session. Make the most of your moment on stage, wherever that stage may be. If you would like to improve your public speaking skills, please join me for a session on making your presentations interesting and effective, while also reducing your stress and actually enjoying the experience. Participants will leave the workshop with a greater skill set to develop and deliver presentations. The workshop is interactive and builds on the collective experience of the audience and the instructor. 'The problem with most bad presentations I see is not the speaking, the slides, the visuals, or any of the other things people obsess about. Instead, it's the lack of thinking.' Scott Berkun, Confessions of a Public Speaker, 2010

An Alternative Approach to Teaching Public Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fetzer, Ronald C.

1977-01-01

Describes the visual image approach as an alternative method of public speaking instruction based on the principle that meaning is associated with the object that meaning represents. Presents a rationale, objectives, procedures and results of implementation of this approach. (MH)

Beat the Fear of Public Speaking: Mobile 360° Video Virtual Reality Exposure Training in Home Environment Reduces Public Speaking Anxiety.

PubMed

Stupar-Rutenfrans, Snežana; Ketelaars, Loes E H; van Gisbergen, Marnix S

2017-10-01

With this article, we aim to increase our understanding of how mobile virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) can help reduce speaking anxiety. Using the results of a longitudinal study, we examined the effect of a new VRET strategy (Public Speech Trainer, PST), that incorporates 360° live recorded VR environments, on the reduction of public speaking anxiety. The PST was developed as a 360° smartphone application for a VR head-mounted device that participants could use at home. Realistic anxiety experiences were created by means of live 360° video recordings of a lecture hall containing three training sessions based on graded exposure framework; empty classroom (a) and with a small (b) and large audience (c). Thirty-five students participated in all sessions using PST. Anxiety levels were measured before and after each session over a period of 4 weeks. As expected, speaking anxiety significantly decreased after the completion of all PST sessions, and the decrement was the strongest in participants with initially high speaking anxiety baseline levels. Results also revealed that participants with moderate and high speaking anxiety baseline level differ in the anxiety state pattern over time. Conclusively and in line with habituation theory, the results supported the notion that VRET is more effective when aimed at reducing high-state anxiety levels. Further implications for future research and improvement of current VRET strategies are discussed.

Psychophysiological and self-reported reactivity associated with social anxiety and public speaking fear symptoms: Effects of fear versus distress.

PubMed

Panayiotou, Georgia; Karekla, Maria; Georgiou, Dora; Constantinou, Elena; Paraskeva-Siamata, Michaela

2017-09-01

This study examines psychophysiological and subjective reactivity to anxiety-provoking situations in relation to social anxiety and public speaking fear. We hypothesized that social anxiety symptoms would be associated with similar reactivity across types of imaginary anxiety scenes and not specifically to social anxiety-related scenes. This would be attributed to co-existing depression symptoms. Public speaking fear was expected to be associated with more circumscribed reactivity to survival-threat scenes, due to its association with fearfulness. Community participants imagined standardized anxiety situations, including social anxiety and animal fear scenes, while their physiological reactivity and self-reported emotions were assessed. Findings supported that social anxiety was associated with undifferentiated physiological reactivity across anxiety-provoking situations, except with regards to skin conductance level, which was higher during social anxiety imagery. Public speaking fear was associated with increased reactivity to animal phobia and panic scenes. Covariance analyses indicated that the lack of response specificity associated with social anxiety could be attributed to depression levels, while the specificity associated with public speaking fear could be explained by fearfulness. Findings highlight the need to assess not only primary anxiety symptoms but also depression and fearfulness, which likely predict discrepant reactions of individuals to anxiogenic situations. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Virtual Reality Cognitive-Behavior Therapy for Public Speaking Anxiety: One-Year Follow-up

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Safir, Marilyn P.; Wallach, Helene S.; Bar-Zvi, Margalit

2012-01-01

Public speaking anxiety (PSA) is a common social phobia. Although cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) is the treatment of choice, difficulties arise with both in vivo and in vitro exposure (lack of therapist control, patient's inability to imagine, self-flooding, and a lack of confidentiality resulting from public exposure). Virtual reality CBT…

Teaching Girls To Speak Out: The Female Voice in Public Contexts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baxter, J. A.

1999-01-01

Discusses why many girls relative to boys experience difficulties when required to speak in formal, public, or unfamiliar contexts. While girls are recognized as good at using collaborative talk in small groups, the public voice is valorized in the world outside school. Reviews current debate in Britain on underachieving boys in light of the…

77 FR 15319 - Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities Issued at a Premium; Hearing Cancellation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-15

... in testifying at the public hearing to submit a request to speak and an outline of the topics to be addressed. As of Monday, March 12, 2012, no one has requested to speak. Therefore, the public hearing... Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Cancellation of notice of public hearing on proposed rulemaking. SUMMARY...

78 FR 53702 - Computation of, and Rules Relating to, Medical Loss Ratio; Hearing Cancellation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-30

... testifying at the public hearing to submit a request to speak and an outline of the topics to be addressed. As of Monday, August 26, 2013, no one has requested to speak. Therefore, the public hearing scheduled... Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Cancellation of a notice of public hearing on proposed rulemaking...

78 FR 73471 - Guidance Regarding Dispositions of Tangible Depreciable Property; Hearing Cancellation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-06

... interested in testifying at the public hearing to submit a request to speak and an outline of the topics to be addressed. As of Monday, December 2, 2013, no one has requested to speak. Therefore, the public... Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Cancellation of a notice of public hearing on proposed rulemaking...

77 FR 60960 - Portability of a Deceased Spousal Unused Exclusion Amount; Hearing Cancellation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-05

... interested in testifying at the public hearing to submit a request to speak and an outline of the topics to be addressed. As of Monday, October 1, 2012, no one has requested to speak. Therefore, the public...: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Cancellation of notice of public hearing on proposed...

78 FR 57372 - Northern Pass Transmission Line Project Environmental Impact Statement: Announcement of Change in...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-18

... p.m. Requests to speak at one or more public scoping meeting(s) should be received at the address... ADDRESSES section. ADDRESSES: Requests to speak at a public scoping meeting(s), and requests for individuals... Impact Statement: Announcement of Change in Public Meeting Location AGENCY: Department of Energy. ACTION...

77 FR 12227 - Gross Estate; Election to Value on Alternate Valuation Date; Hearing Cancellation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-29

... interested in testifying at the public hearing to submit a request to speak and an outline of the topics to be addressed. As of Monday, February 27, 2012, no one has requested to speak. Therefore, the public... Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Cancellation of notice of public hearing on proposed rulemaking...

Learning Computers, Speaking English: Cooperative Activities for Learning English and Basic Word Processing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Quann, Steve; Satin, Diana

This textbook leads high-beginning and intermediate English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) students through cooperative computer-based activities that combine language learning with training in basic computer skills and word processing. Each unit concentrates on a basic concept of word processing while also focusing on a grammar topic. Skills are…

Public Speaking Apprehension, Decision-Making Errors in the Selection of Speech Introduction Strategies and Adherence to Strategy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beatty, Michael J.

1988-01-01

Examines the choice-making processes of students engaged in the selection of speech introduction strategies. Finds that the frequency of students making decision-making errors was a positive function of public speaking apprehension. (MS)

Representation of Nursing Scientists from German-speaking countries in High Impact Journals. A bibliometric publication analysis

PubMed

Hirt, Julian; Buhtz, Christian; Mersdorf, Benedikt; Meyer, Gabriele

2018-02-01

Background: The frequency of publications by nursing scientists from the German-speaking area in journals with a high impact factor is an indicator for participation of the discipline in the international discourse. Previous publication analyses focused on nursing science journals only and regularly found an underrepresentation of experimental studies and clinical topics. Aim: To identify and analyse the number of publications by nursing scientists from Germany, Austria and German-speaking Switzerland in international high impact journals. Method: The Journal Citation Reports were used to identify nursing relevant categories of journals in which the highest 10 % of the years 2010 to 2014 were selected according to the 5-year Impact Factor. Inclusion of publications and data extraction were carried out by two independent persons. Results: 106939 publications from 126 journals were screened; 100 publications were identified with 229 contributions by 114 nursing scientists. 42 % of studies are observational and 11 % are experimental. The majority of studies are clinically oriented (55 %). More than 50 % have been published in the past two years. Conclusions: The number of publications by nursing scientists from the German-speaking countries in High Impact Journals is low. There is an increase throughout the observation period. In opposite to former analyses a higher proportion of clinical research has been found.

READING UNREADINESS IN THE UNDERPRIVILEGED.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

CUTTS, WARREN G.

CULTURALLY DEPRIVED CHILDREN HAVE DIFFICULTY MASTERING BASIC COMMUNICATION SKILLS. WHILE UNDERPRIVILEGED CHILDREN CAN COMMUNICATE AMONG THEMSELVES AT A RATHER HIGH LEVEL OF FLUENCY, THEIR ONE-WORD SENTENCES, STRANGE SPEAKING NOISES, AND IRREGULARITIES PREVENT THE DEVELOPMENT OF BASIC READING READINESS SKILLS. A FUNDAMENTAL NECESSITY IN OVERCOMING…

Communication: Beyond the Basics: Other Communication Levels.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gratz, J. E.; Gratz, Elizabeth

1979-01-01

In addition to the basic communication skills of reading, writing, listening, and speaking, the authors suggest five other levels of communication to help teachers expand students' horizons: kinetic and symbolic; mental; extraterrestrial, biological, and technological; imagery; and perceptual. Each level is briefly discussed. (MF)

24 CFR 91.115 - Citizen participation plan; States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... public hearing where a significant number of non-English speaking residents can be reasonably expected to... encourage the participation of all its citizens, including minorities and non-English speaking persons, as... explore alternative public involvement techniques that encourage a shared vision of change for the...

24 CFR 91.115 - Citizen participation plan; States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... public hearing where a significant number of non-English speaking residents can be reasonably expected to... encourage the participation of all its citizens, including minorities and non-English speaking persons, as... explore alternative public involvement techniques that encourage a shared vision of change for the...

Speaking of Science: Stepping out of the Stereotype

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castro, J. M.

2014-12-01

Just because we are scientists and engineers, does not mean that our presentations must be dry and boring. Step out of the stereotype! Success in your career depends not only upon the rigor of your research, but also hinges on your ability to communicate with your peers and with the public. According to many somewhat dubious internet polls, public speaking is the number one human fear. And yet public speaking is defined as speaking to more than four people at any given time. Hence, you are a public speaker more than you may realize. Given this seemingly natural fear, it is not surprising that delivering a presentation at large, or even small, science gatherings can be frightening, overwhelming, and intimidating, but it can also be extremely gratifying. On very few occasions do we, as scientists and engineers, reach out to dozens or hundreds of our colleagues in a single event. Make the most of your moment on stage, wherever that stage may be.If you would like to improve your public speaking skills, please join me for a session on making your presentation interesting and effective, while also reducing your stress and actually enjoying the experience. Participants will leave the workshop with a greater skill set to develop and deliver presentations. The workshop is interactive and builds on the collective experience of the audience and the instructor. "The problem with most bad presentations I see is not the speaking, the slides, the visuals, or any of the other things people obsess about. Instead, it's the lack of thinking." Scott Berkun, 2010

Linea abierta -- Comunicacion en espanol. Nivel Uno (Open Line -- Communication in Spanish. Level One).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dissemination and Assessment Center for Bilingual Education, Austin, TX.

This text is the first of a series of four units concerning language skills for Spanish speakers of limited English-speaking ability in grades 6-9. The text includes a variety of learning experiences designed to develop competence in the student's cognitive and affective skills derived from the following basic areas: listening, speaking, reading,…

Destrezas de communicacion en la vida actual. Volumen I. Edicion para el maestro (Communications Skills in Everday Life. Volume I. Teacher Edition). Applied Basic Curriculum Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evaluation, Dissemination and Assessment Center, Dallas.

The communication activities described in this guide for Spanish-speaking students emphasize functional competence over passive knowledge and focus on verbal strategies which enable students to interact. Communicative competencies are highlighted through stress on developmental levels (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) and nonverbal…

Destrezas de communicacion en la vida actual. Volumen III. Edicion para el maestro (Communication Skills in Everyday Life. Volume III. Teacher Edition). Applied Basic Curriculum Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evaluation, Dissemination and Assessment Center, Dallas.

The communication activities described in this guide for Spanish-speaking students emphasize functional competence over passive knowledge and focus on verbal strategies which enable students to interact. Communicative competencies are highlighted through stress on developmental levels (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) and nonverbal…

Destrezas de communicacion en la vida acutal. Volumen II. Edicion para el maestro (Communication Skills in Everyday Life. Volume II. Teacher Edition). Applied Basic Curriculum Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evaluation, Dissemination and Assessment Center, Dallas.

The communication activities described in this guide for Spanish-speaking students emphasize functional competence over passive knowledge and focus on verbal strategies which enable students to interact. Communicative competencies are highlighted through stress on developmental levels (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) and nonverbal…

Instructor Resource Manual for Cooperative Education Seminars: Why Are Communication Skills Important Today? [and] Speaking and Listening. Cooperative Education, Book 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson, Jane

The first in a series of manuals designed for instructor/coordinators of Richland College's cooperative education seminars, this volume contains two learning modules focusing on basic communication and speaking and listening skills. First, the manual examines the growing emphasis on communication skills in business, emphasizing changes in…

The Use of Self-Defense as a Means for Reducing Stage-Fright in Beginning Speakers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Littlefield, Robert S.; Sellnow, Timothy L.

1987-01-01

Indicates that the "Sharing Feelings Speech" assignment (1) failed to support the hypothesis that self-disclosure reduces stage fright in public speaking situations more than other forms of public speaking, and (2) revealed no significant gender-based differences. (JD)

Using Habit Reversal to Decrease Filled Pauses in Public Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mancuso, Carolyn; Miltenberger, Raymond G.

2016-01-01

This study evaluated the effectiveness of simplified habit reversal in reducing filled pauses that occur during public speaking. Filled pauses consist of "uh," "um," or "er"; clicking sounds; and misuse of the word "like." After baseline, participants received habit reversal training that consisted of…

24 CFR 91.105 - Citizen participation plan; local governments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... met in the case of public hearings where a significant number of non-English speaking residents can be... encourage the participation of all its citizens, including minorities and non-English speaking persons, as... jurisdiction should also explore alternative public involvement techniques and quantitative ways to measure...

14 CFR 1213.105 - Interviews.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Public Affairs, or his/her designee, are authorized to speak for the Agency in an official capacity... American public. However, journalists may have access to the NASA officials they seek to interview, provided those NASA officials agree to be interviewed. (c) NASA employees may speak to the media and the...

Speech Anxiety: The Importance of Identification in the Basic Speech Course.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mandeville, Mary Y.

A study investigated speech anxiety in the basic speech course by means of pre and post essays. Subjects, 73 students in 3 classes in the basic speech course at a southwestern multiuniversity, wrote a two-page essay on their perceptions of their speech anxiety before the first speaking project. Students discussed speech anxiety in class and were…

Speaking of food: connecting basic and applied plant science.

PubMed

Gross, Briana L; Kellogg, Elizabeth A; Miller, Allison J

2014-10-01

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) predicts that food production must rise 70% over the next 40 years to meet the demands of a growing population that is expected to reach nine billion by the year 2050. Many facets of basic plant science promoted by the Botanical Society of America are important for agriculture; however, more explicit connections are needed to bridge the gap between basic and applied plant research. This special issue, Speaking of Food: Connecting Basic and Applied Plant Science, was conceived to showcase productive overlaps of basic and applied research to address the challenges posed by feeding billions of people and to stimulate more research, fresh connections, and new paradigms. Contributions to this special issue thus illustrate some interactive areas of study in plant science-historical and modern plant-human interaction, crop and weed origins and evolution, and the effects of natural and artificial selection on crops and their wild relatives. These papers provide examples of how research integrating the basic and applied aspects of plant science benefits the pursuit of knowledge and the translation of that knowledge into actions toward sustainable production of crops and conservation of diversity in a changing climate. © 2014 Botanical Society of America, Inc.

Effective oral presentations: speaking before groups as part of your job.

PubMed

McConnell, Charles R

2009-01-01

Fear of public speaking is a widespread phenomenon that afflicts a large percentage of the population. Some working people will go to great lengths to avoid having to speak before a group; however, inability or unwillingness to speak in public can contribute to limiting an individual's promotional possibilities and thus capping a career at a level beneath the individual's technical abilities. This can be especially true in an arena such as health care in which oral communication in group settings figures so strongly in work relations. Yet anyone can overcome speaking fear through thorough preparation and practice. It is necessary to research one's topic thoroughly, outline the points the intended talk will cover, study the composition of one's audience, and plan on targeting some specific level of understanding and remaining ever conscious of the few areas in which problems can occur. With conscientious preparation and plenty of practice, anyone can learn to speak before any group of people, although it may mean facing one's fear head-on a number of times before gaining a level of confidence sufficient to control the fear of speaking.

Any Questions? Knowing the Audience through Question Types

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yook, Eunkyong Lee

2004-01-01

Strategic planning for public speaking by emphasizing the process is a primary pedagogical lesson instructors attempt to teach in a public speaking course. One indispensable part of the strategic planning process is audience analysis. Surveying the audience about their attitudes, knowledge, and/or interests in regard to the speech topic entails…

Anticipatory Speech Anxiety as a Function of Public Speaking Assignment Type

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Witt, Paul L.; Behnke, Ralph R.

2006-01-01

This investigation included two studies relating anticipatory public speaking anxiety to the nature of the speech assignment. Based on uncertainty reduction theory, which suggests that communicators are less comfortable in unfamiliar or unpredictable contexts, two hypotheses were advanced on the presumption that various types of assignments in a…

What Do People Think Causes Stage Fright? Naive Attributions about the Reasons for Public Speaking Anxiety.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bippus, Amy M.; Daly, John A.

1999-01-01

Identifies nine factors offered in explanation for stage fright by undergraduate students without any formal background in communication: mistakes, unfamiliar role, humiliation, negative results, rigid rules, personality traits, preparation, audience interest, and physical appearance. Shows that respondents' own previous public-speaking experience…

Researching for Public Speaking Classes: Requiring Various Media.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greenberg, Cindy A.

This paper presents steps for incorporating research into a community college public speaking class curriculum. It outlines, from an historical perspective, the different techniques and tools of research, including face-to-face contact, the printing press, modern machinery, and computers. It suggests discussing research surveys and taking students…

45 CFR 84.13 - Employment criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Employment criteria. 84.13 Section 84.13 Public... administered to an applicant or employee who has a handicap that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills... sensory, manual, or speaking skills (except where those skills are the factors that the test purports to...

PAVES: A Presentation Strategy for Beginning Presenters in Inclusive Environments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Combes, Bertina H.; Walker, Michelle; Harrell, Pamela Esprivalo; Tyler-Wood, Tandra

2008-01-01

Public speaking will continue to be an unsettling experience for some students, including those with disabilities. Experts have suggested several reasons for fearing public speaking; adequate preparation and practice can alleviate most of them. Using the PAVES (Posture, Attitude, Voice, Eye Contact, Smile) strategy described in this article can…

45 CFR 84.13 - Employment criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Employment criteria. 84.13 Section 84.13 Public... administered to an applicant or employee who has a handicap that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills... sensory, manual, or speaking skills (except where those skills are the factors that the test purports to...

Using Interactive Video Instruction To Enhance Public Speaking Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cronin, Michael W.; Kennan, William R.

Noting that interactive video instruction (IVI) should not and cannot replace classroom instruction, this paper offers an introduction to interactive video instruction as an innovative technology that can be used to expand pedagogical opportunities in public speaking instruction. The paper: (1) defines the distinctive features of IVI; (2) assesses…

"Your Fears Are Appreciated Here": Exploring a Humanistic Approach to Public Speaking Instruction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walton, Justin D.

2018-01-01

Communication teachers have long been concerned with the development of students' oral communication competencies. Regrettably, public speaking remains one of the most feared communicative contexts. Though there has been extensive interest in cognitive/behavioral strategies for alleviating communication apprehension, there has been surprisingly…

75 FR 70343 - Privacy Act; System of Records: Records of the Bureau of Public Affairs

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-17

... Department principals to accept a speaking engagement or attend a function; representatives of... employees who have asked the Bureau of Public Affairs to place articles about their achievements in their..., biographies, speaking engagements, interviews and communications of Department Secretaries, principals and...

Beyond Truth-Telling: The Credo and Public Speaking.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tompkins, Paula S.

The communication discipline is ambivalent about public speaking. Even accomplished speakers experience ambivalence in the rush of adrenaline before presenting a speech--knowing its importance yet wondering if they have prepared a speech which is fitting for this audience and occasion. The communication discipline studies communication in a broad…

Breaking News: Utilizing Video Simulations to Improve Educational Leaders' Public Speaking Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Friend, Jennifer; Adams, April; Curry, George

2011-01-01

This article examines specific uses of video simulations in one educational leadership preparation program to advance future school and district leaders' skills related to public speaking and participation in televised news interviews. One faculty member and two advanced educational leadership candidates share their perspectives of several…

45 CFR 84.13 - Employment criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Employment criteria. 84.13 Section 84.13 Public... administered to an applicant or employee who has a handicap that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills... sensory, manual, or speaking skills (except where those skills are the factors that the test purports to...

Considering the Audience: Air Force Recruiting Presentations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Malone, Darek L.

2012-01-01

Each Air Force recruiter is formally trained in public speaking and the art of salesmanship or persuasion. These recruiters communicate to thousands of high school students each year through presentations in classrooms, auditoriums and other venues as part of their assigned duties. Persuasive presentations are public speaking events specifically…

A Global Integration: Internationalizing a Public Speaking Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lyons, Florence A.

2017-01-01

Institutions of higher education around the world have responded to the challenge of globalization by internationalizing their curricula. Incorporating elements of cross-cultural examination to a freshman Fundamentals of Public Speaking class proved to be an important first step toward globalization for this speech professor. In the class,…

Using Awareness Training to Decrease Nervous Habits during Public Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Spieler, Claire; Miltenberger, Raymond

2017-01-01

This study evaluated the effectiveness of awareness training for the reduction of three nervous habits that manifest during public speaking: filled pauses, tongue clicks, and inappropriate use of the word "like." Four university students delivered short speeches during baseline and assessment sessions. Awareness training resulted in…

45 CFR 84.44 - Academic adjustments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Academic adjustments. 84.44 Section 84.44 Public..., manual, or speaking skills as will best ensure that the results of the evaluation represents the student... speaking skills (except where such skills are the factors that the test purports to measure). (d) Auxiliary...

45 CFR 84.13 - Employment criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Employment criteria. 84.13 Section 84.13 Public... administered to an applicant or employee who has a handicap that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills... sensory, manual, or speaking skills (except where those skills are the factors that the test purports to...

45 CFR 84.44 - Academic adjustments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Academic adjustments. 84.44 Section 84.44 Public..., manual, or speaking skills as will best ensure that the results of the evaluation represents the student... speaking skills (except where such skills are the factors that the test purports to measure). (d) Auxiliary...

Public Speaking: Revisited.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taufen, Phyllis M.

There is a simple but effective process for developing public speakers in elementary and junior high schools. After discussing the importance of effective speaking, the teacher puts a topic sentence, on favorite desserts for example, on the board or overhead projector and students think of their favorite desserts and some related words and…

Peer-Reviewed Veterinary Journals From Arabic-Speaking Countries: A Systematic Review.

PubMed

Robertson, Kristen M; Bowser, Jacquelyn E; Bernstein, Joshua; Aboul-Enein, Basil H

The prevalence of diseases of foodborne and zoonotic origin in Arabic-speaking countries highlights the importance of collaboration between human and animal health professionals. However, accessibility of research and evidence-based practices in these countries is not well characterized. This brief report determines the availability of professional veterinary journals within the Arabic-speaking region. An electronic search using 6 databases assessed for publication period, activity status, and available languages incorporated all aspects of veterinary medicine and specialties. Among 29 veterinary journals identified, the oldest current publication originated 63 years ago, with 10 journals currently interrupted or ceased. All 19 currently active journals are available electronically as open access, with 8 also offered in paper format. Veterinary journals published within Arabic-speaking countries are predominantly produced in Egypt, Iraq, and Sudan. Electronic access is lacking compared with English-speaking countries, and there is a lack of journals with an Arabic-language option. The reasons associated with language options in veterinary publications are not immediately apparent, yet may highlight differences among public health, health education, and zoonotic professionals and the populations they serve. Veterinary journals in Arabic-speaking countries do not adequately represent the overall region and are limited in access. Further evaluation of regional culture and publisher preferences is indicated to identify new collaboration opportunities among health professionals and local stakeholders. Copyright © 2017 Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Polish Basic Course.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Defense Language Inst., Washington, DC.

These 15 volumes of the Basic Polish Course, prepared for use in the Defense Language Institute's intensive language program, comprise Lessons 1-124. They are disigned to train native English language speakers to Level 3 proficiency in comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing Polish. (Level 5 is native-speaker fluency.) The phonological…

Turkish Basic Course.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Defense Language Inst., Washington, DC.

These 14 volumes of the Defense Language Institute's basic course in Turkish consist of 112 lesson units designed to train native English language speakers to Level 3 proficiency in comprehending, speaking, reading, and writing Turkish. (Native-speaker fluency is Level 5.) An introduction to the sound system, vowel harmony, and syllable division…

Health Care Disparities Among English-Speaking and Spanish-Speaking Women With Pelvic Organ Prolapse at Public and Private Hospitals: What Are the Barriers?

PubMed

Alas, Alexandriah N; Dunivan, Gena C; Wieslander, Cecelia K; Sevilla, Claudia; Barrera, Biatris; Rashid, Rezoana; Maliski, Sally; Eilber, Karen; Rogers, Rebecca G; Anger, Jennifer Tash

The objective of this study was to compare perceptions and barriers between Spanish-speaking and English-speaking women in public and private hospitals being treated for pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Eight focus groups, 4 in English and 4 in Spanish, were conducted at 3 institutions with care in female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery. Standardized questions were asked regarding patients' emotions to when they initially noticed the POP, if they sought family support, and their response to the diagnosis and treatment. Transcripts were analyzed using grounded theory qualitative methods. Thirty-three women were Spanish-speaking and 25 were English-speaking. Spanish speakers were younger (P = 0.0469) and less likely to have a high school diploma (P < 0.0001) than English speakers. Spanish-speaking women had more concerns that the bulge or treatments could lead to cancer, were more resistant to treatment options, and were less likely to be offered surgery. Women in the private hospital desired more information, were less embarrassed, and were more likely to be offered surgery as first-line treatment. The concept emerged that patient care for POP varied based on socioeconomic status and language and suggested the presence of disparities in care for underserved women with POP. The discrepancies in care for Spanish-speaking women and women being treated at public hospitals suggest that there are disparities in care for POP treatment for underserved women. These differences may be secondary to profit-driven pressures from private hospitals or language barriers, low socioeconomic status, low health literacy, and barriers to health care.

Eight Hundred Years of Modern Language Learning and Teaching in the German-Speaking Countries of Central Europe: A Social History

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schröder, Konrad

2018-01-01

The paper gives an overview of FLT in the German-speaking regions of Europe from medieval times to the present day, within a framework of language politics, communicative needs and educational ideologies. The languages addressed are French, Italian, Spanish, English, Russian and Turkish. Basic social and professional data of the various groups of…

Effects of Drama Method on Speaking Anxieties of Pre-Service Teachers and Their Opinions about the Method

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sevim, Oguzhan

2014-01-01

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of the drama method on speaking anxieties of pre-service teachers and their opinions about the method. In the study, mixed method including experimental design, quantitative, and basic qualitative research was used. The study was carried out with 77 first grade students from day-time and evening…

[Developments of nursing research within German-speaking countries - publications from 1988 until 2007 in the journal "Pflege"].

PubMed

Hausner, Elke; Halek, Margareta; Bartholomeyczik, Sabine

2010-10-01

"Pflege" is the nursing research journal with the largest circulation in the German-speaking area and has been nursing research experts' only communication platform for a considerable time. Analysing the structure of articles aims to focus on development and alteration of the German-speaking region's nursing research. The study consists of a retrospective analysis of publications in the nursing research journal "Pflege". 589 articles from 1988 until 2007 could be included into the analysis. Research questions refer to the amount of empirical studies and the study designs in quantitative projects. Almost 50 % of all publications of the "Pflege" represent results of empirical research; the remaining publications come from "other publications" and increasingly literature reviews. Research designs are mainly simple cross-sectional surveys; only 20 % are intervention studies (including five randomised controlled trials). The importance of intervention studies will increase in future. This development cannot be seen in the "Pflege". There is a need for further bibliometric analysis to be conducted to find out whether German-speaking nurse researchers actually seldom conduct intervention studies, or whether they prefer to publish in journals with a high impact factor.

Peer-reviewed public health journals from Arabic-speaking countries: An updated snapshot.

PubMed

Aboul-Enein, Basil H; Bernstein, Joshua; Bowser, Jacquelyn E

2017-02-01

There is a positive association between availability of regional peer-reviewed public health information systems and progressive change in community and population health. The objective of this brief report was to identify public health journals in Arabic-speaking countries actively publishing as of 2016. We conducted an electronic search in several electronic database records for public health journals using a combination of search terms. We excluded journals that focused on human medicine, veterinary medicine, nursing, and other discipline-specific or clinical health professions. We identified twenty-five public health journals for review. Five journals were interrupted or discontinued. Only three journals had a consistent, uninterrupted active publication history of greater than 20 years. Most journals were not in the regional native language. Introduction of regional public health-dedicated journals with in-print and electronic availability and also to be published in region-native languages may require interdisciplinary partnerships. Region-wide public health journals such as the Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal could serve as an ideal model for the establishment of additional local and regional public health journals in Arabic-speaking countries.

Prevention of adolescent depression in the Spanish-speaking world.

PubMed

Horn, Andrea B; Cañizares, Catalina; Gómez, Yvonne

2014-05-27

This paper aims at presenting programs targeted at the prevention of adolescent depression applied with Spanish-speaking populations that have been developed in Spanish-speaking countries and are mostly published in Spanish. These programs have been developed under different cultural contexts in Spain and Latin-America. The main goal of this paper is to make the studies and movements of the Spanish-speaking literature in this field accessible to the non-Spanish-speaking part of the research community. Therefore, after an introduction referring to possible cultural differences regarding depression in general and epidemiological basics, several programs are introduced. In total 11 programs will be shortly presented and discussed. After revising the programs it can be concluded that in the Spanish-speaking world many programs have been developed and conducted following current state of the art-approaches for adolescent depression prevention. Further research is needed especially targeting possible cultural and contextual aspects of prevention measures and their efficacy and efficiency.

Prevention of Adolescent Depression in the Spanish-Speaking World

PubMed Central

Horn, Andrea B.; Cañizares, Catalina; Gómez, Yvonne

2014-01-01

This paper aims at presenting programs targeted at the prevention of adolescent depression applied with Spanish-speaking populations that have been developed in Spanish-speaking countries and are mostly published in Spanish. These programs have been developed under different cultural contexts in Spain and Latin-America. The main goal of this paper is to make the studies and movements of the Spanish-speaking literature in this field accessible to the non-Spanish-speaking part of the research community. Therefore, after an introduction referring to possible cultural differences regarding depression in general and epidemiological basics, several programs are introduced. In total 11 programs will be shortly presented and discussed. After revising the programs it can be concluded that in the Spanish-speaking world many programs have been developed and conducted following current state of the art-approaches for adolescent depression prevention. Further research is needed especially targeting possible cultural and contextual aspects of prevention measures and their efficacy and efficiency. PMID:24871258

Adult Education Basic Skills Task Force: Writing Skills.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Utah State Office of Education, Salt Lake City.

In response to the Utah State Board of Education's new high school graduation requirements, five task forces of adult basic education teachers were charged with the identification of functional competencies for adult students in the areas of reading, writing, speaking, listening, and computation, and with the development of curricular materials…

Reconfiguring the Basic Course: Focusing on First-Year Learners.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Worley, David W.; Worley, Debra A.

The basic communication course remains an important introduction to the discipline in that it introduces students to the discipline, acts as a service course to the institution, and provides a basis for developing speaking across the curriculum initiatives. The target population also remains primarily first- and second-semester freshmen. This…

KANSAS STATE PLAN FOR ADULT BASIC EDUCATION.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kansas State Dept. of Public Instruction, Topeka.

THE KANSAS PLAN IS DESIGNED TO HELP ESTABLISH NEW LOCAL ADULT BASIC EDUCATION PROGRAMS, AND TO EXPAND AND IMPROVE EXISTING ONES. INSTRUCTIONAL CONTENT WILL INCLUDE READING AND WRITING, SPEAKING AND LISTENING SKILLS, CITIZENSHIP, CONSUMER EDUCATION, HUMAN RELATIONS, AND FAMILY LIFE EDUCATION. EARLY STAGES OF PLANNING (TO JUNE 30, 1966) WILL STRESS…

La Gramatica Ingles: Libro de Trabajo (English Grammar: Workbook).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rogers, Paul

This student workbook is designed for native Spanish-speaking learners of English as a second language, and presents instruction in basic English grammatical constructions and usage, as well as some vocabulary development. Lessons include basic descriptions of the constructions and rules in applying them, and a brief exercise reinforcing the…

Korean Basic Course.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Defense Language Inst., Washington, DC.

These 11 volumes of the Korean Basic Course comprise 112 lesson units designed to train native English language speakers to Level 3 proficiency in comprehension and speaking and Level 2 proficiency in reading and writing Korean. (Level 5 on this scale is native-speaker level.) Intended for classroom use in the Defense Language Institute intensive…

Navajo Adult Basic Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Navajo Community Coll., Tsaile, AZ.

The objectives of this Special Experimental Demonstration Project in Adult Basic Education for the Navajo were: (1) to raise the educational and social level of Navajo adult students who are unable to read, write, and speak English; (2) to assist the Navajo adult students to take advantage of occupational and vocational training programs; (3) to…

Unions: Bread, Butter & Basic Skills.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

BCEL Newsletter for the Business Community, 1987

1987-01-01

Unions are natural providers of basic skills instruction. They are in daily workplace contact with their membership, are trusted to work on members' behalf, and speak the language of the worker. Unions are trying to address the needs of illiterate workers through collective bargaining arrangements in which employers contribute a percentage of…

Student Public Speaking: Creating the Confidence, Breaking through Barriers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schornack, Gary R.; Beck, Charles E.

As employers increase the use of teams and telecommuting in the workplace, the need for improved communication also accelerates both in written and oral modes. For oral communication or public speaking, a review of recent literature indicates this renewed emphasis, with numerous articles highlighting the need coming from disciplines ranging from…

Using Public Speaking Tasks in English Language Teaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Iberri-Shea, Gina

2009-01-01

The purpose of this article is to provide suggestions for using public speaking tasks in English language teaching (ELT) and to highlight some of their many advantages. For the purpose of this article, the author will focus on two types of these tasks: student presentations and debates. Student presentations may consist of either individual or…

More Than Just Style and Delivery: Recasting Public Speaking Courses for African American Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nance, Teresa A.

Recognizing that too often, African American students in communication courses are confronted with communication principles which to them seem inappropriate, unrealistic, and simply false, this paper analyzes the conceptual foundation of the public speaking course and suggests how it might be made more relevant for African American students. The…

Pedagogical Methods of Teaching "Women in Public Speaking."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pederson, Lucille M.

A course on women in public speaking, developed at the University of Cincinnati, focuses on the rhetoric of selected women who have been involved in various movements and causes in the United States in the twentieth century. Women studied include educator Mary McLeod Bethune, Congresswoman Jeannette Rankin, suffragette Carrie Chapman Catt, Helen…

A Narrative Inquiry Exploring How College Communication Professors Engage Students with Public Speaking Apprehension

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Riedel, Derek

2012-01-01

The purpose of this qualitative study was to discover how communication professors at four-year private universities help students who exhibit public speaking apprehension (PSA) learn to cope with their anxiety. The research was framed in the narrative inquiry paradigm, interviewing eight college communication professors about their experiences…

Food as Social Justice: Critical Ethnography as a Lens for Communication Activism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Louis, Ross

2016-01-01

Courses: Public Speaking. Objectives: This semester-long service-learning activity examines access to affordable healthy food as a social justice issue, using critical ethnography as a framework to help students understand the link between activism and public speaking skills. After completing the project, students will be able to: (1) develop a…

A Model of Anxious Arousal for Public Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Finn, Amber N.; Sawyer, Chris R.; Behnke, Ralph R.

2009-01-01

With the goal of identifying the characteristics or traits students bring to the classroom that predispose them to panic when faced with the threat of presenting in front of an audience, this study introduced a subtype of public-speaking state anxiety--anxious arousal. Specifically, this study examined the extent to which trait anxiety and…

The Effects of Emotional Memory Skills on Public Speaking Anxiety: A First Look.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holtz, James; Reynolds, Gayla

This paper focuses on the use of emotional memory skills to reduce communication apprehension, pioneered as a new cognitive intervention treatment called "The Imaging System for Public Speaking" (Keaten et al, 1994). The paper briefly explains other cognitive intervention strategies commonly used, including rational-emotive therapy,…

Public Speaking or Interpersonal Communication: The Perspective of the High Communication Apprehension Student.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pearson, Judy C.; Yoder, Donald D.

Of 782 undergraduate students enrolled in either interpersonal communication or public speaking courses, the 125 students scoring high in communication apprehension were retested upon completion of the courses and analyzed for their responses to a student attitudes survey. Significantly greater numbers of the high communication apprehensive (HCA)…

Health Care Disparities Among English-Speaking and Spanish-Speaking Women With Pelvic Organ Prolapse at Public and Private Hospitals: What Are the Barriers?

PubMed Central

Alas, Alexandriah N.; Dunivan, Gena C.; Wieslander, Cecelia K.; Sevilla, Claudia; Barrera, Biatris; Rashid, Rezoana; Maliski, Sally; Eilber, Karen; Rogers, Rebecca G.; Anger, Jennifer Tash

2017-01-01

Objectives The objective of this study was to compare perceptions and barriers between Spanish-speaking and English-speaking women in public and private hospitals being treated for pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Methods Eight focus groups, 4 in English and 4 in Spanish, were conducted at 3 institutions with care in female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery. Standardized questions were asked regarding patients' emotions to when they initially noticed the POP, if they sought family support, and their response to the diagnosis and treatment. Transcripts were analyzed using grounded theory qualitative methods. Results Thirty-three women were Spanish-speaking and 25 were English-speaking. Spanish speakers were younger (P = 0.0469) and less likely to have a high school diploma (P < 0.0001) than English speakers. Spanish-speaking women had more concerns that the bulge or treatments could lead to cancer, were more resistant to treatment options, and were less likely to be offered surgery. Women in the private hospital desired more information, were less embarrassed, and were more likely to be offered surgery as first-line treatment. The concept emerged that patient care for POP varied based on socioeconomic status and language and suggested the presence of disparities in care for underserved women with POP. Conclusions The discrepancies in care for Spanish-speaking women and women being treated at public hospitals suggest that there are disparities in care for POP treatment for underserved women. These differences may be secondary to profit-driven pressures from private hospitals or language barriers, low socioeconomic status, low health literacy, and barriers to health care. PMID:27636216

A Listener's Perspective: Using Communication Theory and Practice to Reframe Persuasion in the Communication Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Toon, Kellie L.; Wright, Courtney N.

2013-01-01

Social influence is presented throughout the communication curriculum, from the introductory public speaking course to upper-level courses devoted to communication theory and advanced study of persuasion. Within the progression of these courses, there is often a shift in emphasis from practice to theory. For example, the public speaking course is…

The Effect of Pecha Kucha Presentations on Students' English Public Speaking Anxiety

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coskun, Abdullah

2017-01-01

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the Pecha Kucha presentation format on English as foreign language learners' public speaking anxiety. The participants were 49 students in the English Translation and Interpretation Department of a state university in Turkey. A pre- and post-test experimental research design was used in…

Multiword Lexical Units and Their Relationship to Impromptu Speech

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hsu, Jeng-yih

2007-01-01

Public speaking can be very threatening to any native speakers of English, not to mention non-native EFL learners. Impromptu speech, perhaps the most challenging form of public speaking, is however being promoted in every city of the EFL countries. The case in Taiwan is no exceptional. Every year, dozens of impromptu speech contexts are held…

A Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Model: Integrating Anxiety and Phobia Coping Strategies into Fundamentals of Public Speaking College Courses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oumano, Elena

2005-01-01

This study was designed to examine the effectiveness of the "Fear and Loathing of Speaking Out in Public" program. The program, a personal initiative, adapts primary features of the treatment offered by Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for clients suffering from fears and phobias. CBT strategies include progressive desensitization, identifying…

A Case Study of English-Speaking Native-Born German Public School Educators' Experiences with Refugee and Immigrant Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Snow, Victor Adams

2017-01-01

Teachers worldwide are adapting to meet educational needs caused by increased immigration. Germany has many immigrant students and ranks high in international education. This case study investigated experiences of English-speaking native-born German educators in Germany's public primary schools when responding to refugee and immigrant students.…

Assessing the Readability of College Textbooks in Public Speaking: Attending to Entry Level Instruction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schneider, David E.

2011-01-01

More research is needed that examines textbooks intended for the entry level college classroom. This study offers valuable information to academics that adopt a public speaking textbook for instruction as well as objective feedback to the collective authors. Readability levels of 22 nationally published textbooks, based on McGlaughlin's (1969)…

Telepsychology and Self-Help: The Treatment of Fear of Public Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Botella, Cristina; Guillen, Veronica; Banos, Rosa M.; Garcia-Palacios, Azucena; Gallego, Maria J.; Alcaniz, Mariano

2007-01-01

This work presents a self-help, Internet-based telepsychology program for the treatment of public speaking fears. The system is comprised of 3 parts: The "assessment protocol" gives the patient information about his or her problem (i.e., amount of interference it creates in his or her life, severity, degree of fear and avoidance). The…

How Public High School Students Assume Cooperative Roles to Develop Their EFL Speaking Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parra Espinel, Julie Natalie; Fonseca Canaría, Diana Carolina

2010-01-01

This study describes an investigation we carried out in order to identify how the specific roles that 7th grade public school students assumed when they worked cooperatively were related to their development of speaking skills in English. Data were gathered through interviews, field notes, students' reflections and audio recordings. The findings…

The Speech Anxiety Program at UTK: A Training Program for Students with High Public Speaking Anxiety.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ambler, Bob

The University of Tennessee (Knoxville) offers as a special section of the public speaking curriculum, a "speech anxiety" program, taught by faculty and graduate students from the speech and theatre and educational psychology departments and staff from the counseling services center. The students spend the first few weeks of the special…

A Test of Attention Control Theory in Public Speaking: Cognitive Load Influences the Relationship between State Anxiety and Verbal Production

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

King, Paul E.; Finn, Amber N.

2017-01-01

This study investigated the relationship between public-speaking state anxiety (PSA) and verbal communication performance when delivering a speech. In Study 1, participants delivered an extemporaneous five-minute classroom speech behind a lectern, and in Study 2, to increase cognitive load, participants delivered an extemporaneous five-minute…

A New Approach to Public Speaking Course in ESL Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hou, Minghua

2008-01-01

This paper is a project report on the experiment of an English public speaking and debating course with advanced level English majors in College of Arts and Science, Yangtze University. The paper analyzes the validity of the course, introduces the design rationale, the design and experiment process, and students' responses. The paper suggests that…

Honing EAP Learners' Public Speaking Skills by Analyzing TED Talks

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leopold, Lisa

2016-01-01

Despite the importance of public speaking skills for English for Academic Purposes (EAP) students' academic and professional success, few EAP textbooks incorporate authentic, professional speech models. Thus, many EAP instructors have turned to TED talks for dynamic speech models. Yet a single TED talk may be too long for viewing in class and may…

One-Session Exposure Treatment for Social Anxiety with Specific Fear of Public Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hindo, Cindy S.; Gonzalez-Prendes, A. Antonio

2011-01-01

Objectives: This pilot study evaluated the effectiveness of one-session, exposure-based therapy, to treat social anxiety disorder (SAD) with specific fear of public speaking. Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-posttest design with repeated measures-within-subject Analysis of Variance and paired sample t-tests was used to compare pretest, posttest…

Using awareness training to decrease nervous habits during public speaking.

PubMed

Spieler, Claire; Miltenberger, Raymond

2017-01-01

This study evaluated the effectiveness of awareness training for the reduction of three nervous habits that manifest during public speaking: filled pauses, tongue clicks, and inappropriate use of the word "like." Four university students delivered short speeches during baseline and assessment sessions. Awareness training resulted in meaningful reductions in target behaviors for all participants. Booster awareness training sessions were necessary for all participants to achieve further reductions in target behaviors. Generality probes conducted in front of a small audience indicated that treatment effects generally maintained. Social validity scores indicated that the treatment was acceptable, and participants indicated not only decreased use of verbal fillers, but also improved overall public speaking ability posttreatment. © 2016 Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior.

Impromptu Speaking and Interpretation Studies: A Preliminary Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heinz, Michael

2013-01-01

The purpose of this preliminary study was to look at forensics-based competition events and determine what, if any, impact they could have on the language learning and public speaking skills of interpreters in training. This paper details the nature of the impromptu and extemporaneous speaking events in forensics competitions and introduces a…

Promoting Communications Skills in the Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shafer, Sherri

2009-01-01

In many middle schools and high schools, students are presenting projects orally. However, most lack appropriate speaking skills. More importantly, they lack teacher and peer support. Most experts agree that speaking skills are essential for success. However, much anxiety surrounds public speaking and it is often cited as one of the top 10 fears.…

Speaking Across the Curriculum: Threat, Opportunity, or Both?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palmerton, Patricia R.

"Speaking Across the Curriculum" (SAC) has become a catch-all label for a variety of programs aimed at teaching oral communication skills to a large body of students in settings other than the typical public speaking class. Such programs offer both threats and opportunities to the speech field. In many programs, faculty in other…

What Do You Mean By That? The Art of Speaking and Writing Clearly.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ryckman, W. G.

Intended for professionals who wish to improve their confidence as well as their ability to speak and write clearly, this book contains practical information about effective communication. The first section of the book discusses the techniques of persuasive public speaking, including ways to break the ice, formal speeches, presentations, other…

38 CFR 21.3344 - Special assistance for the educationally disadvantaged.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... language skills and mathematics skills may be made by: (i) A VA counseling psychologist or vocational...) (f) Basic skills. Basic English language courses or mathematics courses will be authorized when it is..., speaking, or essential mathematics. (Authority: 38 U.S.C. 3533) [61 FR 26112, May 24, 1996, as amended at...

38 CFR 21.3344 - Special assistance for the educationally disadvantaged.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... language skills and mathematics skills may be made by: (i) A VA counseling psychologist or vocational...) (f) Basic skills. Basic English language courses or mathematics courses will be authorized when it is..., speaking, or essential mathematics. (Authority: 38 U.S.C. 3533) [61 FR 26112, May 24, 1996, as amended at...

38 CFR 21.3344 - Special assistance for the educationally disadvantaged.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... language skills and mathematics skills may be made by: (i) A VA counseling psychologist or vocational...) (f) Basic skills. Basic English language courses or mathematics courses will be authorized when it is..., speaking, or essential mathematics. (Authority: 38 U.S.C. 3533) [61 FR 26112, May 24, 1996, as amended at...

38 CFR 21.3344 - Special assistance for the educationally disadvantaged.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... language skills and mathematics skills may be made by: (i) A VA counseling psychologist or vocational...) (f) Basic skills. Basic English language courses or mathematics courses will be authorized when it is..., speaking, or essential mathematics. (Authority: 38 U.S.C. 3533) [61 FR 26112, May 24, 1996, as amended at...

Multinational Validation of the Spanish Bracken Basic Concept Scale for Cross-Cultural Assessments.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bracken, Bruce A.; And Others

1990-01-01

Investigated construct validity of the Spanish translation of the Bracken Basic Concept Scale (BBCS) in Latino children (n=293) including monolingual Spanish-speaking children from Puerto Rico and Venezuela and Spanish-dominant bilingual Latino children from Texas. Results provided support for construct validity of the Spanish version of the…

Persian Basic Course: Volume I, Lesson 1-18.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Defense Language Inst., Monterey, CA.

The first of 10 volumes of a basic course in Persian is presented that is designed for use in the Defense Language Institute's intensive programs. The course, employing the audiolingual methodology, is designed to train native English speakers to level three proficiency in comprehension and speaking and level two proficiency in reading and writing…

38 CFR 21.3344 - Special assistance for the educationally disadvantaged.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... language skills and mathematics skills may be made by: (i) A VA counseling psychologist or vocational...) (f) Basic skills. Basic English language courses or mathematics courses will be authorized when it is..., speaking, or essential mathematics. (Authority: 38 U.S.C. 3533) [61 FR 26112, May 24, 1996, as amended at...

Preservice Teacher Knowledge of Basic Language Constructs in Canada, England, New Zealand, and the USA

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Washburn, Erin K.; Binks-Cantrell, Emily S.; Joshi, R. Malatesha; Martin-Chang, Sandra; Arrow, Alison

2016-01-01

The present study examined preservice teachers' (PSTs) knowledge of basic language constructs across four different English-speaking teacher preparations programs. A standardized survey was administered to participants from Canada (n = 80), England (n = 55), New Zealand (n = 26), and the USA (n = 118). All participants were enrolled in…

Patterns of Change in Willingness to Communicate in Public Speaking Contexts: A Latent Growth Modeling Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hodis, Georgeta M.; Bardhan, Nilanjana R.; Hodis, Flaviu A.

2010-01-01

This study offers a comprehensive analysis of change in willingness to communicate (WTC) in public speaking contexts (i.e., PS-WTC). The proposed conceptualization of change was tested using longitudinal data collected from a sample of 706 undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory communication course in a US university. Results of latent…

Transformations in a Civil Discourse Public Speaking Class: Speakers' and Listeners' Attitude Change. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gayle, Barbara Mae

2004-01-01

Learning to engage in civil discourse requires students to maintain an openness to new points of view and attitude change. In a public speaking course based on principles of civil discourse, classroom procedures were designed to foster subjective reframing by engaging students in the disorienting exercise of supporting multiple perspectives on the…

Improving Public Speaking Skills in the Seventh Grade Compensatory Education Student through Enhanced Instruction and Opportunity for Practice.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, Nan Kelly

This practicum addressed the problem of seventh grade compensatory education students' not having adequate instruction, opportunity, or experience to prepare for success in any level of eighth grade English. Overall goals for the practicum were to give instruction in public speaking, to provide opportunities for students to engage in public…

Public Speaking Course and the Hearing-Impaired College Student: Classroom Communication, Challenges and Rewards

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hureau, Marcelle S. M.

2008-01-01

This article examines the communication barriers and relationships between hearing and non-hearing college students in a classroom setting. Twelve college students, six female and six males, between 18 and 22 years of age took part in this ethnographic study during a sixteen week course in public speaking, conducted at the University of Colorado,…

Promoting psychiatry as a career option for Ghanaian medical students through a public-speaking competition.

PubMed

Agyapong, Vincent Israel Opoku; McLoughlin, Declan

2012-05-01

Authors assessed the impact of a public-speaking competition on the level of interest in psychiatry of Ghanaian medical students. An inter-medical school public-speaking competition was organized to promote psychiatry as a fulfilling career option for Ghanaian medical students. Feedback questionnaires were completed by the students and others in attendance at the event (N=122). The results were compiled and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Of the 80 feedback forms received, 37 (46.2%) were from medical students; 2 (2.5%) from physicians; 19 (23.8%) from other health professionals, mainly nursing students; and 22 (27.5%) were from journalists. Of the medical students, 29 (78.4%) agreed that the competition had helped positively change their perception of psychiatry; 22 students (59.5%) agreed or strongly agreed that the interest of medical students in psychiatry would be stimulated by the competition; 10 students (27%) agreed or strongly agreed that they would consider psychiatry as a career option if the government were to offer attractive incentive packages for doctors to train in psychiatry. An inter-medical school public speaking competition is an innovative way to encourage medical students in a developing country like Ghana to consider a career in psychiatry.

Psychophysiological Responsivity to Script-Driven Imagery: An Exploratory Study of the Effects of Eye Movements on Public Speaking Flashforwards.

PubMed

Kearns, Michelle; Engelhard, Iris M

2015-01-01

A principle characteristic of public speaking anxiety relates to intrusive mental images of potential future disasters. Previous research has found that the self-reported emotionality of such "flashforwards" can be reduced by a cognitively demanding, dual-task (e.g., making eye movements) performed whilst holding the mental image in-mind. The outcome measure in these earlier studies was participants' self-reported emotional intensity of the mental image. The current study (N = 34) explored whether an objective measure of emotionality would yield similar results in students with public speaking anxiety. A script-driven imagery procedure was used to measure psychophysiological responsivity to an audio script depicting a feared (public speaking) scenario before and after an eye movement intervention. Relative to the control condition (imagery only), those who made eye movements whilst holding a mental image of this scenario in-mind demonstrated a significant decrease in heart rate, which acted as a measure of emotionality. These findings add to a previous body of research demonstrating the beneficial qualities of dual-tasks and their potential for treatment of both past and future-oriented anxieties.

Targeting the probability versus cost of feared outcomes in public speaking anxiety.

PubMed

Nelson, Elizabeth A; Deacon, Brett J; Lickel, James J; Sy, Jennifer T

2010-04-01

Cognitive-behavioral theory suggests that social phobia is maintained, in part, by overestimates of the probability and cost of negative social events. Indeed, empirically supported cognitive-behavioral treatments directly target these cognitive biases through the use of in vivo exposure or behavioral experiments. While cognitive-behavioral theories and treatment protocols emphasize the importance of targeting probability and cost biases in the reduction of social anxiety, few studies have examined specific techniques for reducing probability and cost bias, and thus the relative efficacy of exposure to the probability versus cost of negative social events is unknown. In the present study, 37 undergraduates with high public speaking anxiety were randomly assigned to a single-session intervention designed to reduce either the perceived probability or the perceived cost of negative outcomes associated with public speaking. Compared to participants in the probability treatment condition, those in the cost treatment condition demonstrated significantly greater improvement on measures of public speaking anxiety and cost estimates for negative social events. The superior efficacy of the cost treatment condition was mediated by greater treatment-related changes in social cost estimates. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Psychophysiological Responsivity to Script-Driven Imagery: An Exploratory Study of the Effects of Eye Movements on Public Speaking Flashforwards

PubMed Central

Kearns, Michelle; Engelhard, Iris M.

2015-01-01

A principle characteristic of public speaking anxiety relates to intrusive mental images of potential future disasters. Previous research has found that the self-reported emotionality of such “flashforwards” can be reduced by a cognitively demanding, dual-task (e.g., making eye movements) performed whilst holding the mental image in-mind. The outcome measure in these earlier studies was participants’ self-reported emotional intensity of the mental image. The current study (N = 34) explored whether an objective measure of emotionality would yield similar results in students with public speaking anxiety. A script-driven imagery procedure was used to measure psychophysiological responsivity to an audio script depicting a feared (public speaking) scenario before and after an eye movement intervention. Relative to the control condition (imagery only), those who made eye movements whilst holding a mental image of this scenario in-mind demonstrated a significant decrease in heart rate, which acted as a measure of emotionality. These findings add to a previous body of research demonstrating the beneficial qualities of dual-tasks and their potential for treatment of both past and future-oriented anxieties. PMID:26321964

Humanizing HIV/AIDS and its (re)stigmatizing effects: HIV public 'positive' speaking in India.

PubMed

Finn, Mark; Sarangi, Srikant

2009-01-01

Social stigma has been inextricably linked with HIV and AIDS since the epidemic erupted in the early 1980s. The stigma that has built up around HIV and AIDS is generally regarded as having a negative impact on the quality of life of HIV-positive people and on general prevention efforts. Current attempts to combat HIV-related stigma focus on increasing the acceptance of HIV among the stigmatizing public and stigmatized individuals alike. In this, the global HIV-positive community is being increasingly called upon to ;humanize' the virus, not least through public displays of HIV 'positive' health and public ;positive' speaking. This article critically explores the constitutive effects and inherent power relations of HIV Positive Speakers' Bureaus (PSBs) as a platform for such a display. Adopting a post-structuralist discourse analytic approach, we explore accounts of positive-speaking and HIV health from HIV-related non-government organizations in India and in PSB training manuals. In particular, we highlight ways in which positive-speaking in India can be seen to have significant (re)stigmatizing effects by way of ambivalent and hyper-real configurations of HIV 'positive' identity and life.

Audience status moderates the effects of social support and self-efficacy on cardiovascular reactivity during public speaking.

PubMed

Hilmert, Clayton J; Christenfeld, Nicholas; Kulik, James A

2002-01-01

Exaggerated blood pressure responses to stress are implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease, and an effort has been made to identify factors associated with such responses. One situational factor that impacts cardiovascular responses to stress is the presence of other people and their behavior. Here, we manipulated the status of the audience during a stressful public speaking task to explore its impact on reactivity and its possible role in moderating the effects of the speaker's confidence and the audience's response during the speech. Sixty-four normotensive female undergraduates, classified as having high or low self-efficacy for public speaking, gave a 5-min speech to an audience that responded positively or negatively. Half of the audiences were presented as public speaking experts and half as novices. Cardiovascular reactivity was greater for low-efficacy speakers and for those receiving positive feedback. Reactivity was also greater facing an expert audience. Furthermore, the effects of both self-efficacy and audience feedback were intensified before an expert audience. To understand social support effects, we must attend not only to characteristics of the recipient but also to those of the provider.

Mother Tongue Teaching at School Comparison of French and Turkish Models

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bozavli, Ebubekir

2017-01-01

Like speaking, two other important aspects of language are reading and writing. Speaking is acquired unconsciously in public while other two skills are learned at school and contribute to life-long speaking skills. The present research is to analyze mother tongue teaching at school and compare two different models, one in France, a developed…

Heritage Language Acquisition and Maintenance: Home Literacy Practices of Japanese-Speaking Families in Canada

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nomura, Takako; Caidi, Nadia

2013-01-01

Introduction: In this study, we examine the case of Japanese-speaking families in Canada and their experiences with teaching a heritage language at home, along with the uses and perceived usefulness of public library resources, collections, and services in the process. Methods: We interviewed fourteen mothers who speak Japanese to their children.…

The Relationship between Spanish Use in the Classroom and the Mathematics Achievement of Spanish-Speaking Kindergartners

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jensen, Bryant T.

2007-01-01

The number of children beginning public school in the United States who speak Spanish as their native language--Spanish-speaking kindergartners (SSK)--continues to increase. It is important that the teacher workforce acquire the characteristics and the instructional and curricular tools necessary to provide these children with meaningful early…

Americans and Palestinians judge spontaneous facial expressions of emotion.

PubMed

Kayyal, Mary H; Russell, James A

2013-10-01

The claim that certain emotions are universally recognized from facial expressions is based primarily on the study of expressions that were posed. The current study was of spontaneous facial expressions shown by aborigines in Papua New Guinea (Ekman, 1980); 17 faces claimed to convey one (or, in the case of blends, two) basic emotions and five faces claimed to show other universal feelings. For each face, participants rated the degree to which each of the 12 predicted emotions or feelings was conveyed. The modal choice for English-speaking Americans (n = 60), English-speaking Palestinians (n = 60), and Arabic-speaking Palestinians (n = 44) was the predicted label for only 4, 5, and 4, respectively, of the 17 faces for basic emotions, and for only 2, 2, and 2, respectively, of the 5 faces for other feelings. Observers endorsed the predicted emotion or feeling moderately often (65%, 55%, and 44%), but also denied it moderately often (35%, 45%, and 56%). They also endorsed more than one (or, for blends, two) label(s) in each face-on average, 2.3, 2.3, and 1.5 of basic emotions and 2.6, 2.2, and 1.5 of other feelings. There were both similarities and differences across culture and language, but the emotional meaning of a facial expression is not well captured by the predicted label(s) or, indeed, by any single label.

A Nongraded Phase Elective Senior High English Curriculum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

South Bend Community School Corp., IN.

The course content in this nongraded phase elective curriculum is classified into Phase 1, designed for students who find reading, writing, and speaking difficult, Phase 2 for students who need to improve and refine basic skills at a somewhat slower pace, Phase 3 for those who have an average command of basic language skills and want to advance at…

South Bronx High School. Bilingual Basic Skills Program. O.E.E. Evaluation Report, 1981-1982.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Collazo-Levy, Dora; And Others

To expedite acquisition of English language skills needed for full mainstreaming, the Bilingual Basic Skills Program at South Bronx High School in New York City provided instruction in English as a second language and native language arts, and bilingual mathematics, science, and social studies for 370 Spanish speaking students of limited English…

Introductory Spanish: Part 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dade County Public Schools, Miami, FL.

These Quinmester Program materials are intended for students developing the basic skills of reading, writing, speaking, and listening. Performance Objectives are outlined and structural exercises treating "-e" and "-i" verbs,…

Citation success of different publication types: a case study on all references in psychology publications from the German-speaking countries (D-A-CH-L-L) in 2009, 2010, and 2011.

PubMed

Krampen, Günter; Weiland, Peter; Wiesenhütter, Jürgen

Scientometric data on the citation success of different publication types and publication genres in psychology publications are presented. Data refer to references that are cited in these scientific publications and that are documented in PSYNDEX, the exhaustive database of psychology publications from the German-speaking countries either published in German or in English language. Firstly, data analyses refer to the references that are cited in publications of 2009 versus 2010 versus 2011. With reference to all cited references, the portion of journal articles ranges from 57 to 61 %, of books from 22 to 24 %, and of book chapters from 14 to 15 %, with a rather high stability across the three publication years analysed. Secondly, data analyses refer to the numbers of cited references from the German-speaking countries, which are also documented in PSYNDEX. These compose about 11 % of all cited references indicating that nearly 90 % of the references cited are of international and/or interdisciplinary publications not stemming from the German-speaking countries. The subsample shows the proportion of journal articles, books, and chapters, and these are very similar to the percentages identified for all references that are cited. Thirdly, analyses refer to document type, scientific genre, and psychological sub-discipline of the most frequently cited references in the psychology publications. The frequency of top-cited references of books and book chapters is almost equal to that of journal articles; two-thirds of the top-cited references are non-empirical publications, only one-third are empirical publications. Top-cited references stem particularly from clinical psychology, experimental psychology, as well as tests, testing and psychometrics. In summary, the results point to the fact that citation analyses, which are limited to journal papers, tend to neglect very high portions of references that are cited in scientific publications.

Patient satisfaction among Spanish-speaking patients in a public health setting.

PubMed

Welty, Elisabeth; Yeager, Valerie A; Ouimet, Claude; Menachemi, Nir

2012-01-01

Despite the growing literature on health care quality, few patient satisfaction studies have focused upon the public health setting; where many Hispanic patients receive care. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in satisfaction between English and Spanish-speaking patients in a local health department clinical setting. We conducted a paper-based satisfaction survey of patients that visited any of the seven Jefferson County Department of Health primary care centers from March 19 to April 19, 2008. Using Chi-squared analyses we found 25% of the Spanish-speaking patients reported regularly having problems getting an appointment compared to 16.8% among English-speakers (p < .001). Results of logistic regression analyses indicated that, despite the availability of interpreters at all JCDH primary care centers, differences in satisfaction existed between Spanish and English speaking patients controlling for center location, purpose of visit, and time spent waiting. Specifically, Spanish speaking patients were more likely to report problems getting an appointment and less likely to report having their medical problems resolved when leaving their visit as compared to those who spoke English. Findings presented herein may provide insight regarding the quality of care received, specifically regarding patient satisfaction in the public health setting. © 2011 National Association for Healthcare Quality.

Choose and Tell Cards: A 4-H Cloverbud Resource for Promoting Public Speaking and Life Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stechschulte, Jill; Scheer, Scott D.

2017-01-01

Choose and Tell is a curriculum for 4-H Cloverbud members that introduces them to public speaking and life skill enhancement (communication and social interaction). Choose and Tell consists of activity cards analogous to a deck of cards. Activity card titles include Wash and Comb Your Hair, Plant a Seed, and Floss Your Teeth. The activities are…

The integration of voice science, voice pathology, medicine, public speaking, acting, and singing.

PubMed

Scherer, R C; Brewer, D W; Colton, R; Rubin, L S; Raphael, B N; Miller, R; Howell, E; Moore, G P

1994-12-01

The integration of voice science, voice pathology, medicine, public speaking, acting, and singing has been central to evolution in all fields. The Voice Foundation Symposia have played a seminal and central role in fostering integration among disciplines. The result has been an improvement in the knowledge and practice in each field. And the future promises to be even more informative and exciting.

The Role of Social Evaluation in Influencing Public Speaking Anxiety of English Foreign Language Learners at Omar Al-Mukhtar University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Elmenfi, Fadil; Gaibani, Ahmed

2016-01-01

This study investigates the effect of social evaluation on Public Speaking Anxiety of English foreign language learners at Omar Al-Mukhtar University in Libya. A random sample of 111 students was used in the study. To analyse the collected data, means, standard deviations, a three-way ANOVA analysis, and the correlation coefficients were used with…

Age as an Affective Factor in Influencing Public Speaking Anxiety of English Language Learners at Omar Al-Mukhtar University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gaibani, Ahmed; Elmenfi, Fadil

2016-01-01

The study is to show how age factor can influence public speaking anxiety among English Language Learners at Omar Al-Mukhtar University. To indicate the influence of age factor a questionnaire was distributed to the participants of the study. As well as correlation was also undertaken to the data collected to investigate the influence of age…

Public Speaking on the Streets and in the Ivory Tower: A Comparison of the Dale Carnegie Course and the Academic Course.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Christine M.

Many speech communication educators and researchers look upon Dale Carnegie's public speaking course with derision for its methods as well as its motives. A comparison of Carnegie's course with university courses in speech communication reveals a number of differences between the two, which in part explains this attitude. Carnegie began his course…

Developing Speaking Skills of Adult Learners in Private Universities in Bangladesh: Problems and Solutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farooqui, Sabrin

2007-01-01

The globalisation of English and a growing demand for good English-speaking skills in the job market in particular have been placing a greater emphasis on the teaching of English speaking skills in Bangladesh. The private universities emphasise developing English skills. It seems that students of public and private universities have the same level…

Using an iPad for Basic Communication Between Spanish-Speaking Families and Nurses in Pediatric Acute Care: A Feasibility Pilot Study.

PubMed

Jackson, Kylie H; Mixer, Sandra J

2017-08-01

The growing number of Spanish speakers in the United States poses communication challenges for healthcare providers. Language barriers in pediatric acute care have been associated with an increased risk for adverse events, longer hospital stays, and decreased quality of care. In addition, clinicians' usage of interpreter services is inconsistent. In fact, nurses often lack interpreter support during daily bedside care. Nursing staff at a pediatric children's hospital in the southeastern United States identified bedside communication with Spanish-speaking patients and families as a clinical challenge. To address this challenge, a basic communication interface, UTalk version 1.0 (the author is the owner and proprietor), supported by an Apple iPad, was developed by the researcher with input from nursing staff, a certified medical interpreter, and Spanish-speaking community members. A feasibility pilot study of the interface's usability and engagement was conducted on the hospital's pediatric medical-surgical unit through qualitative interviews with nurse-family dyads. Three themes emerged from the data: UTalk-facilitated communication, UTalk needs improvement, and interpreter miscommunication. These findings indicate that a mobile digital device interface is a feasible method for augmenting bedside communication with Spanish-speaking patients and families. These results also may serve as a reference for the development of similar mobile device interfaces. Further research with a larger sample size is needed.

Effects of pre-experience of social exclusion on hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and catecholaminergic responsiveness to public speaking stress.

PubMed

Weik, Ulrike; Kuepper, Yvonne; Hennig, Juergen; Deinzer, Renate

2013-01-01

Being socially excluded is associated with a variety of psychological changes and with an increased risk of disease. Today, the immediate physiological consequences of being socially excluded are not well understood. In two recent studies employing a standardized exclusion paradigm (Cyberball) we found social exclusion in this virtual game did not alter cortisol secretion directly. However, exclusion pre-experience suppresses the normal cortisol response to public speaking stress in women. The present study aims to replicate our previous finding and further elucidate it by analyzing for the first time whether this alteration of cortisol-responsiveness is associated to ACTH and whether the catecholaminergic system is affected as well. Women were randomly assigned to Cyberball-induced exclusion (SE, n = 22) or inclusion (SI, n = 21), respectively. Immediately afterwards they were subjected to public speaking stress. Salivary cortisol, plasma ACTH, catecholamines and estradiol were assessed as were psychological distress and mood. Cyberball exclusion led to a highly significant immediate increase in negative affect in excluded women. After public speaking negative affect in included women increased as well and groups no longer differed. We replicate our previous finding of cortisol non-responsiveness to public speaking stress after exclusion pre-experience and find this effect to be significantly correlated with ACTH alterations. No such effects are observed for catecholamines. We replicated our previous study result of a suppressed cortisol stress response after a short exclusion experience via Cyberball, thereby underlining the profound effects of social exclusion on a subsequent cortisol stress response. This further demonstrates that these alterations are associated with ACTH. Lack of effects on catecholamines is discussed in view of the tend-and-befriend hypothesis but also from a methodological perspective.

Effects of Pre-Experience of Social Exclusion on Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and Catecholaminergic Responsiveness to Public Speaking Stress

PubMed Central

Weik, Ulrike; Kuepper, Yvonne; Hennig, Juergen; Deinzer, Renate

2013-01-01

Backround Being socially excluded is associated with a variety of psychological changes and with an increased risk of disease. Today, the immediate physiological consequences of being socially excluded are not well understood. In two recent studies employing a standardized exclusion paradigm (Cyberball) we found social exclusion in this virtual game did not alter cortisol secretion directly. However, exclusion pre-experience suppresses the normal cortisol response to public speaking stress in women. The present study aims to replicate our previous finding and further elucidate it by analyzing for the first time whether this alteration of cortisol-responsiveness is associated to ACTH and whether the catecholaminergic system is affected as well. Methods Women were randomly assigned to Cyberball-induced exclusion (SE, n = 22) or inclusion (SI, n = 21), respectively. Immediately afterwards they were subjected to public speaking stress. Salivary cortisol, plasma ACTH, catecholamines and estradiol were assessed as were psychological distress and mood. Results Cyberball exclusion led to a highly significant immediate increase in negative affect in excluded women. After public speaking negative affect in included women increased as well and groups no longer differed. We replicate our previous finding of cortisol non-responsiveness to public speaking stress after exclusion pre-experience and find this effect to be significantly correlated with ACTH alterations. No such effects are observed for catecholamines. Conclusions We replicated our previous study result of a supressed cortisol stress response after a short exclusion experience via Cyberball, thereby underlining the profound effects of social exclusion on a subsequent cortisol stress response. This further demonstrates that these alterations are associated with ACTH. Lack of effects on catecholamines is discussed in view of the tend-and-befriend hypothesis but also from a methodological perspective. PMID:23573255

Validation of the state version of the Self-Statement during Public Speaking Scale.

PubMed

Osório, Flávia L; Crippa, José Alexandre S; Loureiro, Sonia Regina

2013-03-01

To adapt the trait version of the Self Statements during Public Speaking (SSPS) scale to a state version (SSPS-S) and to assess its discriminative validity for use in the Simulated Public Speaking Test (SPST). Subjects with and without social anxiety disorder (n = 45) were assessed while performing the SPST, a clinical-experimental model of anxiety with seven different phases. Alterations in negative self-assessment occurred with significant changes throughout the different phases of the procedure (p = .05). Non-cases presented significantly higher mean values of the SSPS-S in all phases of the procedure than cases (p < .01). Cases assessed themselves in a less positive and more negative manner during the SPST than did non-cases. SSPS-S is adequate for this assessment, especially its negative subscale, and shows good psychometric qualities.

Academic pharmacy administrators' perceptions of core requirements for entry into professional pharmacy programs.

PubMed

Broedel-Zaugg, Kimberly; Buring, Shauna M; Shankar, Nathan; Soltis, Robert; Stamatakis, Mary K; Zaiken, Kathy; Bradberry, J Chris

2008-06-15

To determine which basic and social science courses academic pharmacy administrators believe should be required for entry into the professional pharmacy program and what they believe should be the required length of preprofessional study. An online survey was sent to deans of all colleges and schools of pharmacy in the United States. Survey respondents were asked to indicate their level of agreement as to whether the basic and social science courses listed in the survey instrument should be required for admission to the professional program. The survey instrument also included queries regarding the optimal length of preprofessional study, whether professional assessment testing should be part of admission requirements, and the respondents' demographic information. The majority of respondents strongly agreed that the fundamental coursework in the basic sciences (general biology, general chemistry, organic chemistry) and English composition should be required for entrance into the professional program. Most respondents also agreed that public speaking, ethics, and advanced basic science and math courses (physiology, biochemistry, calculus, statistics) should be completed prior to entering the professional program. The preprofessional requirements that respondents suggested were not necessary included many of the social science courses. Respondents were evenly divided over the ideal length for preprofessional pharmacy education programs. Although requirements for preprofessional admission have been changing, there is no consistent agreement on the content or length of the preprofessional program.

Basic English Writing: An Experimental Course Structure against Semantic Misinterpretation in Undergraduate Student Writing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

In, Fan-yu; Liao, Hui-Chuan

2008-01-01

Course designs for Basic English Writing classes vary from one course to another. The objective of this study was to investigate the semantic misinterpretation of English words found in the English compositions written by native-Chinese-speaking undergraduate students and to overcome if such a barrier occurred in the process of writing. First,…

Public speaking for the healthcare professional: Part III--after the program.

PubMed

Baum, Neil

2012-01-01

Public speaking is one of life's greatest fears for many people. However, with practice, repetition, and planning, you can safely leave your comfort zone and make a presentation that will engage the members of the audience, attract their attention, and cause them to take action on your material. This third article in the series will discuss what to do after the last slide is shown.

5 CFR 3101.102 - Designation of separate agency components.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... part 2635 governing gifts from outside sources and 5 CFR 2635.807 governing teaching, speaking or...) Bureau of the Public Debt; (d) Federal Law Enforcement Training Center; (e) Financial Management Service... governing teaching, speaking and writing. ...

5 CFR 3101.102 - Designation of separate agency components.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... part 2635 governing gifts from outside sources and 5 CFR 2635.807 governing teaching, speaking or...) Bureau of the Public Debt; (d) Federal Law Enforcement Training Center; (e) Financial Management Service... governing teaching, speaking and writing. ...

5 CFR 3101.102 - Designation of separate agency components.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... part 2635 governing gifts from outside sources and 5 CFR 2635.807 governing teaching, speaking or...) Bureau of the Public Debt; (d) Federal Law Enforcement Training Center; (e) Financial Management Service... governing teaching, speaking and writing. ...

5 CFR 3101.102 - Designation of separate agency components.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... part 2635 governing gifts from outside sources and 5 CFR 2635.807 governing teaching, speaking or...) Bureau of the Public Debt; (d) Federal Law Enforcement Training Center; (e) Financial Management Service... governing teaching, speaking and writing. ...

5 CFR 3101.102 - Designation of separate agency components.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... part 2635 governing gifts from outside sources and 5 CFR 2635.807 governing teaching, speaking or...) Bureau of the Public Debt; (d) Federal Law Enforcement Training Center; (e) Financial Management Service... governing teaching, speaking and writing. ...

77 FR 3726 - Tire Fuel Efficiency Consumer Information Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-25

... test machine(s) for the TFECIP. This would allow tire manufacturers to know the identity of the machine... will I have to speak at the public workshop? Once NHTSA learns how many people have registered to speak...

28 CFR 36.309 - Examinations and courses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Specific Requirements § 36.309 Examinations and... with a disability that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the examination results accurately... to measure, rather than reflecting the individual's impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills...

Public Speaking: Managing Challenging People and Situations.

PubMed

Baum, Neil; Boughton, Leonarda

2016-01-01

Every public speaker has encountered, or most likely will encounter, a difficult member of the audience who disrupts their presentation. This is a source of anxiety and discomfort, not only for the presenter, but for the audience as well. Learning how to manage the disruptive audience member is an art form, just like being a good public speaker. A professional speaker knows how to handle this disruption without making the audience uncomfortable and without embarrassing the disruptor. This article discusses ways to manage the disruptive audience member and will help those of you who do public speaking to tactfully and professionally disengage someone who is ruining your program.

Using crowdsourcing technology for testing multilingual public health promotion materials.

PubMed

Turner, Anne M; Kirchhoff, Katrin; Capurro, Daniel

2012-06-04

Effective communication of public health messages is a key strategy for health promotion by public health agencies. Creating effective health promotion materials requires careful message design and feedback from representatives of target populations. This is particularly true when the target audiences are hard to reach as limited English proficiency groups. Traditional methods of soliciting feedback--such as focus groups and convenience sample interviews--are expensive and time consuming. As a result, adequate feedback from target populations is often insufficient due to the time and resource constraints characteristic to public health. To describe a pilot study investigating the use of crowdsourcing technology as a method to gather rapid and relevant feedback on the design of health promotion messages for oral health. Our goal was to better describe the demographics of participants responding to a crowdsourcing survey and to test whether crowdsourcing could be used to gather feedback from English-speaking and Spanish-speaking participants in a short period of time and at relatively low costs. We developed health promotion materials on pediatric dental health issues in four different formats and in two languages (English and Spanish). We then designed an online survey to elicit feedback on format preferences and made it available in both languages via the Amazon Mechanical Turk crowdsourcing platform. We surveyed 236 native English-speaking and 163 native Spanish-speaking participants in less than 12 days, at a cost of US $374. Overall, Spanish-speaking participants originated from a wider distribution of countries than the overall Latino population in the United States. Most participants were in the 18- to 29-year age range and had some college or graduate education. Participants provided valuable input for the health promotion material design. Our results indicate that crowdsourcing can be an effective method for recruiting and gaining feedback from English-speaking and Spanish-speaking people. Compared with traditional methods, crowdsourcing has the potential to reach more diverse populations than convenience sampling, while substantially reducing the time and cost of gathering participant feedback. More widespread adoption of this method could streamline the development of effective health promotion materials in multiple languages.

Using Crowdsourcing Technology for Testing Multilingual Public Health Promotion Materials

PubMed Central

Kirchhoff, Katrin; Capurro, Daniel

2012-01-01

Background Effective communication of public health messages is a key strategy for health promotion by public health agencies. Creating effective health promotion materials requires careful message design and feedback from representatives of target populations. This is particularly true when the target audiences are hard to reach as limited English proficiency groups. Traditional methods of soliciting feedback—such as focus groups and convenience sample interviews—are expensive and time consuming. As a result, adequate feedback from target populations is often insufficient due to the time and resource constraints characteristic to public health. Objective To describe a pilot study investigating the use of crowdsourcing technology as a method to gather rapid and relevant feedback on the design of health promotion messages for oral health. Our goal was to better describe the demographics of participants responding to a crowdsourcing survey and to test whether crowdsourcing could be used to gather feedback from English-speaking and Spanish-speaking participants in a short period of time and at relatively low costs. Methods We developed health promotion materials on pediatric dental health issues in four different formats and in two languages (English and Spanish). We then designed an online survey to elicit feedback on format preferences and made it available in both languages via the Amazon Mechanical Turk crowdsourcing platform. Results We surveyed 236 native English-speaking and 163 native Spanish-speaking participants in less than 12 days, at a cost of US $374. Overall, Spanish-speaking participants originated from a wider distribution of countries than the overall Latino population in the United States. Most participants were in the 18- to 29-year age range and had some college or graduate education. Participants provided valuable input for the health promotion material design. Conclusions Our results indicate that crowdsourcing can be an effective method for recruiting and gaining feedback from English-speaking and Spanish-speaking people. Compared with traditional methods, crowdsourcing has the potential to reach more diverse populations than convenience sampling, while substantially reducing the time and cost of gathering participant feedback. More widespread adoption of this method could streamline the development of effective health promotion materials in multiple languages. PMID:22664384

Time to question diabetes self-management support for Arabic-speaking migrants: exploring a new model of care.

PubMed

Alzubaidi, H; Mc Namara, K; Browning, C

2017-03-01

The objective of this study was to explore a new model for diabetes self-management support in Arabic-speaking migrants. Two qualitative methods were used: face-to-face semi-structured individual interviews and focus groups. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim and coded thematically. Arabic-speaking migrants with Type 2 diabetes were recruited from several primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare settings in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia. These settings were purposefully selected to obtain a diverse group of participants. Data collection continued until saturation was reached. This is the first study that involved members of Arabic-speaking communities in Australia in a formal process of consumer and public involvement to inform research design and recruitment in order to provide evidence for a new model of diabetes self-management for Arabic-speaking migrants. No self-management support was offered to Arabic-speaking migrants beyond the initial diagnosis period. Significant knowledge gaps and skills deficits in all self-management domains were evident. The provision of tailored self-management support was considered crucial. When asked about preferred structure and delivery modalities, a strong preference was reported for face-to-face storytelling interactions over telephone- or internet-based interventions. Gender-specific group education and self-management support sessions delivered by Arabic-speaking diabetes health professionals, lay peers or social workers trained in diabetes self-management were highly regarded. A patient and public involvement approach allows genuine engagement with Arabic-speaking migrants with diabetes. There is urgent need for a new model for self-management support among Arabic-speaking migrants. Findings yielded new recommendations for diabetes health professionals working with these migrant communities to support behaviour change. © 2016 Diabetes UK.

Using habit reversal to decrease filled pauses in public speaking.

PubMed

Mancuso, Carolyn; Miltenberger, Raymond G

2016-03-01

This study evaluated the effectiveness of simplified habit reversal in reducing filled pauses that occur during public speaking. Filled pauses consist of "uh," "um," or "er"; clicking sounds; and misuse of the word "like." After baseline, participants received habit reversal training that consisted of awareness training and competing response training. During postintervention assessments, all 6 participants exhibited an immediate decrease in filled pauses. © 2015 Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior.

Outcome Expectancy as a Predictor of Treatment Response in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Public Speaking Fears Within Social Anxiety Disorder

PubMed Central

Price, Matthew; Anderson, Page L.

2012-01-01

Outcome expectancy, the extent that clients anticipate benefiting from therapy, is theorized to be an important predictor of treatment response for cognitive–behavioral therapy. However, there is a relatively small body of empirical research on outcome expectancy and the treatment of social anxiety disorder. This literature, which has examined the association mostly in group-based interventions, has yielded mixed findings. The current study sought to further evaluate the effect of outcome expectancy as a predictor of treatment response for public-speaking fears across both individual virtual reality and group-based cognitive– behavioral therapies. The findings supported outcome expectancy as a predictor of the rate of change in public-speaking anxiety during both individual virtual reality exposure therapy and group cognitive– behavioral therapy. Furthermore, there was no evidence to suggest that the impact of outcome expectancy differed across virtual reality or group treatments. PMID:21967073

The Spanish Version of the Self-Statements during Public Speaking Scale: Validation in Adolescents

PubMed Central

Rivero, Raul; Garcia-Lopez, LuisJoaquin; Hofmann, Stefan G.

2009-01-01

Contemporary theories of social anxiety emphasize the role of cognitive processes. Although social anxiety disorder is one of the most common mental health problems in adolescents, there are very few self-report instruments available to measure cognitive processes related to social anxiety in adolescents, let alone non-English instruments. The Self-Statements during Public Speaking Scale (SSPS; Hofmann & DiBartolo, 2000) is a brief self-report measure designed to assess self-statements related to public speaking, the most commonly feared social performance situation. In order to fill this gap in the literature, we translated the SSPS into Spanish and administered it to 1,694 adolescents from a community sample, a clinical sample composed of 71 subjects with a principal diagnosis of social anxiety disorder; and a clinical control group consisting of 154 patients. The scale showed good psychometric properties, supporting the use of the Spanish version of the SSPS in adolescents. PMID:20490370

The Spanish Version of the Self-Statements during Public Speaking Scale: Validation in Adolescents.

PubMed

Rivero, Raul; Garcia-Lopez, Luisjoaquin; Hofmann, Stefan G

2010-01-01

Contemporary theories of social anxiety emphasize the role of cognitive processes. Although social anxiety disorder is one of the most common mental health problems in adolescents, there are very few self-report instruments available to measure cognitive processes related to social anxiety in adolescents, let alone non-English instruments. The Self-Statements during Public Speaking Scale (SSPS; Hofmann & DiBartolo, 2000) is a brief self-report measure designed to assess self-statements related to public speaking, the most commonly feared social performance situation. In order to fill this gap in the literature, we translated the SSPS into Spanish and administered it to 1,694 adolescents from a community sample, a clinical sample composed of 71 subjects with a principal diagnosis of social anxiety disorder; and a clinical control group consisting of 154 patients. The scale showed good psychometric properties, supporting the use of the Spanish version of the SSPS in adolescents.

Public speaking fears and their correlates among 17,615 Japanese adolescents.

PubMed

Furukawa, Toshi A; Watanabe, Norio; Kinoshita, Yoshihiro; Kinoshita, Kuni; Sasaki, Tsukasa; Nishida, Atsushi; Okazaki, Yuji; Shimodera, Shinji

2014-03-01

Public speaking fears (PSF) are highly prevalent in the general population. They are also among the most common symptoms of social anxiety disorder, which typically has an adolescent onset and has recently been increasingly recognized as a persistent and impairing disorder across various cultures in the world. This study examined PSF and their associated factors among 17,615 adolescents, aged 12-18, in a large-scale school-based community survey in Japan. PSF was noted in 7.3% of the students. The prevalence was higher among girls than among boys, and it had a tendency to decrease with age. Across the gender and age groups, PSF was associated with psychopathology, including depression and anxiety, suicidal thoughts, deliberate self-harm, violence towards objects and people, and increased difficulties at school. We should no longer make light of public speaking fears among adolescents as transient, common-sense phenomena. Copyright © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

Supplement for Curriculum Guide for Mathematics: Spanish-Speaking Students, Grades 4-6 = Supplemento de la guia didactica de matematicas para los estudiantes de habla hispana, cuatro-sexto grados. Field Test.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chicago Board of Education, IL.

This supplementary math curriculum guide for use with Spanish-speaking, fouth through sixth grade students in Chicago public schools employs a contrastive analysis approach. Lessons are presented for objectives for which the instructional strategies used in the United States differ from those used in Spanish-speaking countries. (Objectives for…

The Effects of Acculturation on Healthy Lifestyle Characteristics among Hispanic 4th Grade Children in Texas Public Schools, 2004-2005

PubMed Central

Mirchandani, Gita G.; Castrucci, Brian C.; Chávez, Noel; Handler, Arden; Hoelscher, Deanna M.

2012-01-01

BACKGROUND Childhood obesity is a national epidemic that disproportionately affects Hispanic children. Evidence suggests that increased acculturation among this population adversely affects diet and other healthy lifestyle characteristics, leading to higher rates of overweight and obesity. Healthy lifestyle characteristics must be understood in order to prevent or decrease overweight and obesity among Hispanic children. METHODS Using the School Physical Activity and Nutrition (SPAN) study, we examined cross-sectional data on healthy lifestyle characteristics collected in Texas public schools from Hispanic 4th grade children in 2004-2005. We calculated adjusted odds ratios and associated confidence intervals using multivariate logistic regression analyses to analyze the association between acculturation and healthy lifestyle characteristics among Spanish-speaking Hispanic children compared to English-speaking Hispanic children. RESULTS Spanish-speaking Hispanic boys consumed more milk and fruit than English-speaking Hispanic boys (milk: AOR: 1.7, p = 0.02; fruit: AOR: 2.5, p = .0001). The likelihood that Spanish-speaking Hispanic boys and girls did not know that there is a relationship between overweight and health problems were two times greater (boys: AOR: 1.7, p = .03; girls: AOR: 2.2, p = .006) than their English-speaking Hispanic counterparts. Likelihood of weight loss attempts was greater among Spanish-speaking Hispanic boys than English-speaking Hispanic boys (AOR: 1.9, p = .04). CONCLUSIONS Results are mixed. Lower levels of acculturation appear to be associated with both positive and negative healthy lifestyle characteristics, depending on sex. These findings have important implications for school health policies and programs and should be distributed to school administrators. PMID:22385089

National AIDS Hotline: HIV and AIDS information service through a toll-free telephone system.

PubMed Central

Waller, R R; Lisella, L W

1991-01-01

The National AIDS Hotline (NAH), a service of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), is an information resource for the population of the United States, its Territories, and Puerto Rico concerning the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Since its inception in 1983, NAH has grown to be the world's largest health-related hotline service. NAH has received an average of more than 1.4 million calls per year since October 1987. Services of NAH include responding to the public's questions about HIV and AIDS and providing referrals to State and local resources. All services, including HIV and AIDS publications, are provided free of charge. The public contacts NAH 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, through a toll-free telephone system. Services are available to English-speaking, Spanish-speaking, and deaf populations. Each service has its own telephone number--English-speaking, 1-800-342-2437; Spanish-speaking, 1-800-344-7432; TTY service for the deaf, 1-800-243-7889. NAH employs approximately 170 information specialists to answer calls. The facility uses modern telecommunications technology to effectively manage and direct calls to 43 work stations. Each work station is supported by a personal computer that allows access to CDC's National AIDS Clearinghouse data bases for referrals and publication ordering. NAH ensures that information provided to the public is current, accurate, and consistent with approved government policy. Quality assurance reviews address call management, delivery of information, and content of calls. PMID:1659708

A Dictionary of Basic Pashto Frequency List I, Project Description and Samples, and Frequency List II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heston, Wilma

The three-volume set of materials describes and presents the results to date of a federally-funded project to develop Pashto-English and English-Pashto dictionaries. The goal was to produce a list of 12,000 basic Pashto words for English-speaking users. Words were selected based on frequency in various kinds of oral and written materials, and were…

5 CFR 5501.107 - Teaching, speaking and writing by special Government employees in the Public Health Service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES SUPPLEMENTAL STANDARDS OF ETHICAL CONDUCT FOR EMPLOYEES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES § 5501.107 Teaching, speaking and writing by special Government...

5 CFR 5501.107 - Teaching, speaking and writing by special Government employees in the Public Health Service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES SUPPLEMENTAL STANDARDS OF ETHICAL CONDUCT FOR EMPLOYEES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES § 5501.107 Teaching, speaking and writing by special Government...

5 CFR 5501.107 - Teaching, speaking and writing by special Government employees in the Public Health Service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES SUPPLEMENTAL STANDARDS OF ETHICAL CONDUCT FOR EMPLOYEES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES § 5501.107 Teaching, speaking and writing by special Government...

Virtual reality system for treatment of the fear of public speaking using image-based rendering and moving pictures.

PubMed

Lee, Jae M; Ku, Jeong H; Jang, Dong P; Kim, Dong H; Choi, Young H; Kim, In Y; Kim, Sun I

2002-06-01

The fear of speaking is often cited as the world's most common social phobia. The rapid growth of computer technology enabled us to use virtual reality (VR) for the treatment of the fear of public speaking. There have been two techniques used to construct a virtual environment for the treatment of the fear of public speaking: model-based and movie-based. Virtual audiences and virtual environments made by model-based technique are unrealistic and unnatural. The movie-based technique has a disadvantage in that each virtual audience cannot be controlled respectively, because all virtual audiences are included in one moving picture file. To address this disadvantage, this paper presents a virtual environment made by using image-based rendering (IBR) and chroma keying simultaneously. IBR enables us to make the virtual environment realistic because the images are stitched panoramically with the photos taken from a digital camera. And the use of chroma keying allows a virtual audience to be controlled individually. In addition, a real-time capture technique was applied in constructing the virtual environment to give the subjects more interaction, in that they can talk with a therapist or another subject.

Using Crisis Simulations in Public Relations Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Veil, Shari R.

2010-01-01

Objectives: Students will demonstrate research, decision making, team building, and public speaking skills, while applying issues management and crisis communication concepts in a realistic setting. Courses: Introduction to Public Relations, Public Relations Cases, Crisis Communication.

38 CFR 18.435 - Evaluation and placement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... that operates a public elementary or secondary education program or activity shall conduct an... student with impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the student... reflect the student's impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills (except where those skills are the...

38 CFR 18.435 - Evaluation and placement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... that operates a public elementary or secondary education program or activity shall conduct an... student with impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the student... reflect the student's impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills (except where those skills are the...

38 CFR 18.435 - Evaluation and placement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... that operates a public elementary or secondary education program or activity shall conduct an... student with impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the student... reflect the student's impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills (except where those skills are the...

Collections and Services for the Spanish-Speaking: Accessibility.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marquis, Solina Kasten

2003-01-01

Discusses making public library collections accessible to Spanish-speaking users and describes the consequences that can result from inattention to linguistic and cultural accessibility. Topics include cataloging issues and solutions; labeling; shelving; signage; electronic access; Spanish language training for staff; intercultural communication;…

38 CFR 18.435 - Evaluation and placement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... that operates a public elementary or secondary education program or activity shall conduct an... student with impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the student... reflect the student's impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills (except where those skills are the...

34 CFR 104.35 - Evaluation and placement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... evaluation. A recipient that operates a public elementary or secondary education program or activity shall... administered to a student with impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately..., rather than reflecting the student's impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills (except where those...

34 CFR 104.35 - Evaluation and placement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... evaluation. A recipient that operates a public elementary or secondary education program or activity shall... administered to a student with impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately..., rather than reflecting the student's impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills (except where those...

38 CFR 18.435 - Evaluation and placement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... that operates a public elementary or secondary education program or activity shall conduct an... student with impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the student... reflect the student's impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills (except where those skills are the...

Public speaking avoidance as a treatment moderator for social anxiety disorder.

PubMed

Mesri, Bita; Niles, Andrea N; Pittig, Andre; LeBeau, Richard T; Haik, Ethan; Craske, Michelle G

2017-06-01

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) have both garnered empirical support for the effective treatment of social anxiety disorder. However, not every patient benefits equally from either treatment. Identifying moderators of treatment outcome can help to better understand which treatment is best suited for a particular patient. Forty-nine individuals who met criteria for social anxiety disorder were assessed as part of a randomized controlled trial comparing 12 weeks of CBT and ACT. Pre-treatment avoidance of social situations (measured via a public speaking task and clinician rating) was investigated as a moderator of post-treatment, 6-month follow-up, and 12-month follow-up social anxiety symptoms, stress reactivity, and quality of life. Public speaking avoidance was found to be a robust moderator of outcome measures, with more avoidant individuals generally benefitting more from CBT than ACT by 12-month follow-up. In contrast, clinician-rated social avoidance was not found to be a significant moderator of any outcome measure. Results were found only at 12-month follow-up. More comprehensive measures of avoidance would be useful for the field moving forward. Findings inform personalized medicine, suggesting that social avoidance measured behaviorally via a public speaking task may be a more robust factor in treatment prescription compared to clinician-rated social avoidance. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Effect of Alternate Nostril Breathing Exercise on Experimentally Induced Anxiety in Healthy Volunteers Using the Simulated Public Speaking Model: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study.

PubMed

Kamath, Ashwin; Urval, Rathnakar P; Shenoy, Ashok K

2017-01-01

A randomized controlled pilot study was carried out to determine the effect of a 15-minute practice of ANB exercise on experimentally induced anxiety using the simulated public speaking model in yoga-naïve healthy young adults. Thirty consenting medical students were equally divided into test and control groups. The test group performed alternate nostril breathing exercise for 15 minutes, while the control group sat in a quiet room before participating in the simulated public speaking test (SPST). Visual Analog Mood Scale and Self-Statements during Public Speaking scale were used to measure the mood state at different phases of the SPST. The psychometric scores of both groups were comparable at baseline. Repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant effect of phase ( p < 0.05), but group and gender did not have statistically significant influence on the mean anxiety scores. However, the test group showed a trend towards lower mean scores for the anxiety factor when compared with the control group. Considering the limitations of this pilot study and the trend seen towards lower anxiety in the test group, alternate nostril breathing may have potential anxiolytic effect in acute stressful situations. A study with larger sample size is therefore warranted. This trial is registered with CTRI/2014/03/004460.

Effect of Alternate Nostril Breathing Exercise on Experimentally Induced Anxiety in Healthy Volunteers Using the Simulated Public Speaking Model: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

PubMed Central

Urval, Rathnakar P.; Shenoy, Ashok K.

2017-01-01

A randomized controlled pilot study was carried out to determine the effect of a 15-minute practice of ANB exercise on experimentally induced anxiety using the simulated public speaking model in yoga-naïve healthy young adults. Thirty consenting medical students were equally divided into test and control groups. The test group performed alternate nostril breathing exercise for 15 minutes, while the control group sat in a quiet room before participating in the simulated public speaking test (SPST). Visual Analog Mood Scale and Self-Statements during Public Speaking scale were used to measure the mood state at different phases of the SPST. The psychometric scores of both groups were comparable at baseline. Repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant effect of phase (p < 0.05), but group and gender did not have statistically significant influence on the mean anxiety scores. However, the test group showed a trend towards lower mean scores for the anxiety factor when compared with the control group. Considering the limitations of this pilot study and the trend seen towards lower anxiety in the test group, alternate nostril breathing may have potential anxiolytic effect in acute stressful situations. A study with larger sample size is therefore warranted. This trial is registered with CTRI/2014/03/004460. PMID:29159176

Supplement for Curriculum Guide for Mathematics: Spanish-Speaking Students, Grades 7-8 = Supplemento de la guia didactica de matematicas para los estudiantes de habla hispana, septimo y octavo grados. Field Test.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chicago Board of Education, IL.

This supplementary math curriculum guide for use with Spanish-speaking students in Chicago public schools' seventh and eighth grade classes employs a contrastive analysis approach. Lessons are presented for objectives for which the instructional strategies used in the United States differ from those in Spanish-speaking countries. (Objectives for…

Supplement for Curriculum Guide for Mathematics: Spanish-Speaking Students, Grades 2-3 = Supplemento de la guia didactica de matematicas para los estudiantes de habla hispana, segundo y tercer grados. Field Test.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chicago Board of Education, IL.

A contrastive analysis approach is used in this supplementary math curriculum guide for Spanish-speaking second and third grade students in Chicago public schools. Lessons are presented for those objectives for which the instructional strategies used in the United States differ from those used in Spanish-speaking countries. (Objectives for which…

Exploring a Multifaceted Syllabus Design for Teaching Short Surahs of Qur'an to Novice-Non-Arabic-Speaking Muslims

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saleh, Amira A.; Elyas, Tariq

2015-01-01

The paper's aim is to propose a design for a syllabus for the new Muslims who have recently converted to Islam. The syllabus is multifaceted, addressing the basic linguistic, stylistic, and lexical features of 3 Surahs (chapters) in the holy book in addition to highlighting the most basic information a new Muslim has to know about the sacred book.…

Anxiety about speaking a foreign language as a mediator of the relation between motivation and willingness to communicate.

PubMed

Wu, Chia-Pei; Lin, Huey-Ju

2014-12-01

The purpose of this study was to examine whether anxiety about speaking a foreign language mediated the relation between motivation and a willingness to communicate among 107 Taiwanese students sampled from two public universities and one private university. A regression analysis indicated that motivation was negatively related to university students' anxiety about speaking a foreign language and positively related to willingness to communicate. Furthermore, anxiety about speaking a foreign language was negatively related to university students' willingness to communicate, and also partially mediated the relationship between motivation and willingness to communicate. The findings suggest that high motivation and low anxiety about speaking a foreign language are needed for Taiwanese students to demonstrate a stronger willingness to communicate.

Skills and Content: Coordinating the Classroom.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Erlich, Howard; Kennedy, Mary Lynch

1983-01-01

Describes Ithaca College's project incorporating basic skills development in traditional liberal arts courses. Explains the techniques used to develop skills in reading and studying, writing, speaking and listening, and language and reasoning in courses from nine disciplines. (DMM)

The Effects of a Brief Acceptance-based Behavior Therapy vs. Traditional Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Public Speaking Anxiety: Differential Effects on Performance and Verbal Working Memory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Glassman, Lisa Hayley

Individuals with public speaking phobia experience fear and avoidance that can cause extreme distress, impaired speaking performance, and associated problems in psychosocial functioning. Most extant interventions for public speaking phobia focus on the reduction of anxiety and avoidance, but neglect performance. Additionally, very little is known about the relationship between verbal working memory and social performance under conditions of high anxiety. The current study compared the efficacy of two cognitive behavioral treatments, traditional Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (tCBT) and acceptance-based behavior therapy (ABBT), in enhancing public speaking performance via coping with anxiety. Verbal working memory performance, as measured by the backwards digit span (BDS), was measured to explore the relationships between treatment type, anxiety, performance, and verbal working memory. We randomized 30 individuals with high public speaking anxiety to a 90-minute ABBT or tCBT intervention. As this pilot study was underpowered, results are examined in terms of effect sizes as well as statistical significance. Assessments took place at pre and post-intervention and included self-rated and objective anxiety measurements, a behavioral assessment, ABBT and tCBT process measures, and backwards digit span verbal working memory tests. In order to examine verbal working memory during different levels of anxiety and performance pressure, we gave each participant a backwards digit span task three times during each assessment: once under calm conditions, then again while experiencing anticipatory anxiety, and finally under conditions of acute social performance anxiety in front of an audience. Participants were asked to give a video-recorded speech in front of the audience at pre- and post-intervention to examine speech performance. Results indicated that all participants experienced a very large and statistically significant decrease in anxiety (both during the speech and BDS), as well as an improvement in speech performance regardless of intervention received. While not statistically significant, participants who received an acceptance-based intervention exhibited larger improvements in observer-rated speech performance at post-treatment in comparison to tCBT (F (1,21) = 1.91, p =.18, etap2 = .08) such that individuals in the ABBT condition exhibited a considerably greater improvement in observer-rated speech performance than those in the tCBT condition. There was no differential impact of treatment condition on subjective speech anxiety or working memory task performance. Potential mediators and moderators of treatment were also examined. Results provide support for a brief 90-minute intervention for public speaking anxiety, but more research is needed in a study with a larger sample to fully understand the relationship between ABBT strategies and improvements in behavioral performance.

Exploring Knowledge of English Speaking Strategies in 8th and 12th Graders (Exploración del conocimiento de las estrategias de expresión oral en inglés en estudiantes de los grados octavo y doceavo)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Diaz Larenas, Claudio

2011-01-01

This article presents a research study that analyses eighth and twelfth graders' knowledge of speaking strategies to communicate in English. The Oral Communication Strategy Inventory, developed by Nakatani in 2006, was applied to 108 students belonging to the public, semi-public and private educational sectors in Chile. The findings show that 8th…

Encouraging Teenagers to Improve Speaking Skills through Games in a Colombian Public School (Motivación de adolescentes para mejorar su expresión oral mediante el juego en un colegio público colombiano)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

León, William Urrutia; Cely, Esperanza Vega

2010-01-01

Our project was implemented with tenth grade students of a public school located in the Usme Zone in Bogotá. We decided to develop this action research project because we were concerned about our students' difficulties when attempting to speak English. They felt inhibited with activities that involved oral interaction mainly because they were…

[Possibilities for Universities to Influence Global Pricing of Medicines].

PubMed

Jaehn, Philipp; Inhoffen, Johannes; Scheer, Jana; Streicher, Felix; Gesine Huhn, Anna; Lance, Christopher

2017-07-01

People in countries of the global south are affected by a unique spectrum of diseases, while costs for health care are a huge burden in the context of poverty. Furthermore, non-communicable diseases increasingly play a role in these countries. The management of translational research, potential clinical applications and marketing of new drugs in Germany is thus getting more and more important for global health. Regarding this, universities have a particular responsibility for two reasons. First, through basic research, they contribute significantly to the development of new medicines. Second, the university is a public institution and has thus the responsibility to return the gained knowledge to the public. Marketing of publicly funded innovations should provide benefits to patients in wealthy and poor countries alike. As a first step towards this goal, we demand the introduction of a globally responsible licensing policy at German universities. Different mechanisms which have been described in the German speaking areas such as "Equitable Licensing" provide a basis for the realization of this ambitious aim and have been introduced successfully at the universities of Muenster, Tuebingen and Freiburg. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Library Service to the Spanish Speaking.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson, Anita R.

This manual was developed to formalize Inglewood Public Library's existing policies and programs regarding library services to the Spanish speaking, and to define future program goals. The introduction discusses why such services have been initiated, why the manual was developed, and the potential benefits the manual has for library…

Reading Resources and Project LEER. Libraries and the Spanish-Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shepard, Marietta Daniels

1970-01-01

A discussion of the problems U.S. librarians and educators face in dealing with Spanish-speaking children and adults; and a description of Project LEER, a program to aid school and public libraries in the selection, procurement, and processing of books in Spanish. (JB)

Development of early numerical abilities of Spanish-speaking Mexican preschoolers: A new assessment tool.

PubMed

Beltrán-Navarro, Beatriz; Abreu-Mendoza, Roberto A; Matute, Esmeralda; Rosselli, Monica

2018-01-01

This article presents a tool for assessing the early numerical abilities of Spanish-speaking Mexican preschoolers. The Numerical Abilities Test, from the Evaluación Neuropsicológica Infantil-Preescolar (ENI-P), evaluates four core abilities of number development: magnitude comparison, counting, subitizing, and basic calculation. We evaluated 307 Spanish-speaking Mexican children aged 2 years 6 months to 4 years 11 months. Appropriate internal consistency and test-retest reliability were demonstrated. We also investigated the effect of age, children's school attendance, maternal education, and sex on children's numerical scores. The results showed that the four subtests captured development across ages. Critically, maternal education had an impact on children's performance in three out of the four subtests, but there was no effect associated with children's school attendance or sex. These results suggest that the Numerical Abilities Test is a reliable instrument for Spanish-speaking preschoolers. We discuss the implications of our outcomes for numerical development.

Effect of quetiapine vs. placebo on response to two virtual public speaking exposures in individuals with social phobia.

PubMed

Donahue, Christopher B; Kushner, Matt G; Thuras, Paul D; Murphy, Tom G; Van Demark, Joani B; Adson, David E

2009-04-01

Clinical practice and open-label studies suggest that quetiapine (an atypical anti-psychotic) might improve symptoms for individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD). The purpose of this study was to provide a rigorous test of the acute impact of a single dose of quetiapine (25mg) on SAD symptoms. Individuals with SAD (N=20) were exposed to a 4-min virtual reality (VR) public speaking challenge after having received quetiapine or placebo (double-blind) 1h earlier. A parallel VR challenge occurred 1 week later using a counter-balanced cross-over (within subject) design for the medication-placebo order between the two sessions. There was no significant drug effect for quetiapine on the primary outcome measures. However, quetiapine was associated with significantly elevated heart rate and sleepiness compared with placebo. Study findings suggest that a single dose of 25mg quetiapine is not effective in alleviating SAD symptoms in individuals with fears of public speaking.

A prepared speech in front of a pre-recorded audience: subjective, physiological, and neuroendocrine responses to the Leiden Public Speaking Task.

PubMed

Westenberg, P Michiel; Bokhorst, Caroline L; Miers, Anne C; Sumter, Sindy R; Kallen, Victor L; van Pelt, Johannes; Blöte, Anke W

2009-10-01

This study describes a new public speaking protocol for youth. The main question asked whether a speech prepared at home and given in front of a pre-recorded audience creates a condition of social-evaluative threat. Findings showed that, on average, this task elicits a moderate stress response in a community sample of 83 12- to 15-year-old adolescents. During the speech, participants reported feeling more nervous and having higher heart rate and sweatiness of the hands than at baseline or recovery. Likewise, physiological (heart rate and skin conductance) and neuroendocrine (cortisol) activity were higher during the speech than at baseline or recovery. Additionally, an anticipation effect was observed: baseline levels were higher than recovery levels for most variables. Taking the anticipation and speech response together, a substantial cortisol response was observed for 55% of participants. The findings indicate that the Leiden Public Speaking Task might be particularly suited to investigate individual differences in sensitivity to social-evaluative situations.

Escitalopram prolonged fear induced by simulated public speaking and released hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation.

PubMed

Garcia-Leal, C; Del-Ben, C M; Leal, F M; Graeff, F G; Guimarães, F S

2010-05-01

Simulated public speaking (SPS) test is sensitive to drugs that interfere with serotonin-mediated neurotransmission and is supposed to recruit neural systems involved in panic disorder. The study was aimed at evaluating the effects of escitalopram, the most selective serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitor available, in SPS. Healthy males received, in a double-blind, randomized design, placebo (n = 12), 10 (n = 17) or 20 (n = 14) mg of escitalopram 2 hours before the test. Behavioural, autonomic and neuroendocrine measures were assessed. Both doses of escitalopram did not produce any effect before or during the speech but prolonged the fear induced by SPS. The test itself did not significantly change cortisol and prolactin levels but under the higher dose of escitalopram, cortisol and prolactin increased immediately after SPS. This fear-enhancing effect of escitalopram agrees with previously reported results with less selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and the receptor antagonist ritanserin, indicating that serotonin inhibits the fear of speaking in public.

Outcome expectancy as a predictor of treatment response in cognitive behavioral therapy for public speaking fears within social anxiety disorder.

PubMed

Price, Matthew; Anderson, Page L

2012-06-01

Outcome expectancy, the extent that clients anticipate benefiting from therapy, is theorized to be an important predictor of treatment response for cognitive-behavioral therapy. However, there is a relatively small body of empirical research on outcome expectancy and the treatment of social anxiety disorder. This literature, which has examined the association mostly in group-based interventions, has yielded mixed findings. The current study sought to further evaluate the effect of outcome expectancy as a predictor of treatment response for public-speaking fears across both individual virtual reality and group-based cognitive-behavioral therapies. The findings supported outcome expectancy as a predictor of the rate of change in public-speaking anxiety during both individual virtual reality exposure therapy and group cognitive-behavioral therapy. Furthermore, there was no evidence to suggest that the impact of outcome expectancy differed across virtual reality or group treatments. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved.

Using Word Clouds to Teach about Speaking Style

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perry, Lisa

2012-01-01

Good public speaking style requires, among other skills, "effective management of the resources of language." Good speakers choose language carefully to create credibility, emotional impact, and logical appeal. If a speaker's language is wishy-washy, dull, vague, or long-winded, the speaker appears less trustworthy. Audience distrust of a speaker…

Confident Communication: Speaking Tips for Educators.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parker, Douglas A.

This resource book seeks to provide the building blocks needed for public speaking while eliminating the fear factor. The book explains how educators can perfect their oratorical capabilities as well as enjoy the security, confidence, and support needed to create and deliver dynamic speeches. Following an Introduction: A Message for Teachers,…

7 CFR 15b.24 - Evaluation and placement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Education § 15b.24 Evaluation and placement. (a) Placement evaluation. A recipient that operates a public... speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the student's aptitude or achievement level or..., manual or speaking skills (except where those skills are the factors that the test purports to measure...

7 CFR 15b.24 - Evaluation and placement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Education § 15b.24 Evaluation and placement. (a) Placement evaluation. A recipient that operates a public... speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the student's aptitude or achievement level or..., manual or speaking skills (except where those skills are the factors that the test purports to measure...

Student Disengagement in English-Speaking Montréal

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vallée, Daniel; Ruglis, Jessica

2017-01-01

This article discusses how student disengagement is conceptualized by English-speaking youth attending English urban public schools in Montreal, Quebec. School dropout is theorized as being a culminating event in a process of school disengagement (Rumberger, 2011). Using 2 qualitative methods (maps and interviews) in a grounded theory approach…

Listening and Speaking: A Cybernetic Synthesis.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nord, James R.

1985-01-01

Cybernetic feedback theory sees the individual as a self-organizing feedback control system that generates its own activity to control its own perceptions. Applying the principle of feedback to language use, it appears that speaking as an overt public behavior is controlled by an internally private listening capacity. With that listening capacity,…

Transmitting Musical Images: Using Music to Teach Public Speaking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cohen, Steven D.; Wei, Thomas E.

2010-01-01

Oral communication courses traditionally help students identify the proper arrangement of words to convey particular images. Although instructors emphasize the importance of speaking powerfully, they often struggle to find effective ways to teach their students "how" to deliver a message that resonates with the audience. Given the clear importance…

7 CFR 15b.24 - Evaluation and placement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Education § 15b.24 Evaluation and placement. (a) Placement evaluation. A recipient that operates a public... speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the student's aptitude or achievement level or..., manual or speaking skills (except where those skills are the factors that the test purports to measure...

7 CFR 15b.24 - Evaluation and placement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Education § 15b.24 Evaluation and placement. (a) Placement evaluation. A recipient that operates a public... speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the student's aptitude or achievement level or..., manual or speaking skills (except where those skills are the factors that the test purports to measure...

THE SPANISH SPEAKING PEOPLE IN THE UNITED STATES.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

SAMORA, JULIAN; AND OTHERS

A PILOT STUDY TRACED THE HISTORY AND BACKGROUND OF SPANISH SPEAKING PEOPLE IN THE UNITED STATES AND DISCUSSED THEIR PRESENT POSITION IN AMERICAN SOCIETY IN TERMS OF EDUCATION, HOUSING, EMPLOYMENT, ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE, VOTING, PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS, AND HEALTH. DISCRIMINATION AND THE DEPRIVATION OF CIVIL RIGHTS WERE EMPHASIZED. SOURCES FOR…

75 FR 42754 - Solicitation of Nomination for Appointment to the Advisory Committee on Minority Health

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-22

... individuals who lack proficiency in speaking the English language, enter into contracts with public and... and innovative models; (4) Increase knowledge and understanding of health risk factors; (5) Develop... for individuals with limited proficiency in speaking the English language. Activities under the...

78 FR 79693 - National Environmental Justice Advisory Council; Notification of Public Teleconference Meeting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-31

... Noon Eastern Time on Friday January 10, 2014. The deadline to sign up to speak during the public...; Notification of Public Teleconference Meeting and Public Comment AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency. ACTION: Notification of public teleconference meeting and public comment. SUMMARY: Pursuant to the...

Anticipation of public speaking and sleep and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in women with irritable bowel syndrome.

PubMed

Heitkemper, M M; Cain, K C; Deechakawan, W; Poppe, A; Jun, S-E; Burr, R L; Jarrett, M E

2012-07-01

Evidence suggests that subgroups of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are hyper-responsive to a variety of laboratory stress conditions. This study compared sleep quality and night time plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and serum cortisol levels in response to anticipation of public speaking between 43 women with IBS and 24 healthy control women. In addition, comparisons were made between subgroups within the IBS sample based on predominant stool patterns, 22 IBS-constipation and 21 IBS-diarrhea. Subjects slept three nights in a sleep laboratory, and on the third night serial blood samples were drawn every 20 min from 08:00 PM until awakening. As the subjects had different sleep onsets, each subject's results were synchronized to the first onset of stage 2 sleep. Compared the healthy control group, women with IBS had significantly worse sleep efficiency, and higher cortisol but not ACTH levels over the night. However, there were no IBS bowel pattern subgroup differences. Among IBS subjects, cortisol levels early in the night were higher than found in our previous study with a similar protocol but without the threat of public speaking. These results suggest that a social stressor, such as public speaking prior to bedtime, increases cortisol but not ACTH levels suggesting HPA dysregulation in women with IBS. This response to a social stressor contributes to our understanding of the relationship of stress to symptom expression in IBS. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Anticipation of Public Speaking and Sleep and the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Women with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

PubMed Central

Heitkemper, Margaret M; Cain, Kevin C; Deechakawan, Wimon; Poppe, Anne; Jun, Sang-Eun; Burr, Robert L; Jarrett, Monica E

2013-01-01

Background Evidence suggests that subgroups of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are hyper-responsive to a variety of laboratory stress conditions. Methods This study compared sleep quality and night time plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and serum cortisol levels in response to anticipation of public speaking between 43 women with IBS and 24 healthy control women. In addition, comparisons were made between subgroups within the IBS sample based on predominant stool patterns, 22 IBS-constipation and 21 IBS-diarrhea. Subjects slept three nights in a sleep laboratory, and on the third night serial blood samples were drawn every 20 minutes from 8 PM until awakening. Because subjects had different sleep onsets, each subject’s results were synchronized to the first onset of stage 2 sleep. Key Results Compared to the healthy control group, women with IBS had significantly worse sleep efficiency, and higher cortisol but not ACTH levels over the night. However, there were no IBS bowel pattern subgroup differences. Among IBS subjects, cortisol levels early in the night were higher than found in our previous study with a similar protocol but without the threat of public speaking. These results suggest that a social stressor, such as public speaking prior to bedtime, increases cortisol but not ACTH levels suggesting HPA dysregulation in women with IBS. Conclusions & Inferences This response to a social stressor contributes to our understanding of the relationship of stress to symptom expression in IBS. PMID:22471712

78 FR 4130 - Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council; Public Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-18

... fishery issues or concerns. People wishing to speak before the Council should complete a public comment... Mexico Fishery Management Council; Public Meetings AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce. ACTION: Notice of public meetings...

40 CFR 141.205 - Content of the public notice.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... speaking consumers, the public water system must include in the public notice the same information as in... 40 Protection of Environment 23 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Content of the public notice. 141.205... (CONTINUED) NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS Public Notification of Drinking Water Violations...

40 CFR 141.205 - Content of the public notice.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... speaking consumers, the public water system must include in the public notice the same information as in... 40 Protection of Environment 22 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Content of the public notice. 141.205... (CONTINUED) NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS Public Notification of Drinking Water Violations...

24 CFR 50.23 - Public participation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... bilingual if the affected public includes a significant portion of non-English speaking persons and will... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Public participation. 50.23 Section... Procedures § 50.23 Public participation. HUD shall inform the affected public about NEPA-related hearings...

24 CFR 50.23 - Public participation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... bilingual if the affected public includes a significant portion of non-English speaking persons and will... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Public participation. 50.23 Section... Procedures § 50.23 Public participation. HUD shall inform the affected public about NEPA-related hearings...

Public speaking: creating presentations that are awe inspiring not yawn producing.

PubMed

DeVan, Marsheila; Baum, Neil

2013-01-01

Many physicians want to be good platform speakers; however, few of us have the background and training necessary to be an outstanding public speaker. Yes, we all have slide decks and PowerPoint programs provided to us so that we can turn our backs to the audience and read the verbiage on the slides. But does that technique generate useful information to the audience? Or if speaking to a lay audience, does that kind of talk make the audience members get out their cell phones and call the office to make an appointment in our practice? Probably not. This article will provide suggestions that will enhance your speaking and presentation skills. This, in turn, will make you a darling of the pharma industry and encourage potential patients in your audience to become patients in your practice.

Pair Negotiation When Developing English Speaking Tasks

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bohórquez Suárez, Ingrid Liliana; Gómez Sará, Mary Mily; Medina Mosquera, Sindy Lorena

2011-01-01

This study analyzes what characterizes the negotiations of seventh graders at a public school in Bogotá when working in pairs to develop speaking tasks in EFL classes. The inquiry is a descriptive case study that follows the qualitative paradigm. As a result of analyzing the data, we obtained four consecutive steps that characterize students'…

"Speak Out. Act Up. Move Forward." Disobedience-Based Arts Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kotin, Alison; Aguirre McGregor, Stella; Pellecchia, DeAnna; Schatz, Ingrid; Liu, Shaw Pong

2013-01-01

In this essay, Alison Kotin, Stella Aguirre McGregor, DeAnna Pellecchia, Ingrid Schatz, and Shaw Pong Liu reflect on their experiences working with public high school students to create "Speak Out. Act Up. Move Forward.," a performative response to current and historical acts of civil disobedience. The authors--a group of instructors…

Chinese Library Services to a Predominantly Chinese-Speaking Community.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chan, Stella W.

The San Francisco Public Library has developed some special services for Chinese-speaking patrons. A collection of Chinese materials at the Chinatown branch now contains 9,000 fiction and non-fiction books, 9 newspapers, 19 periodicals, and over 300 phonograph records. Bilingual citizenship books are provided, as are reference books on China and…

Subject Area Glossary: Greek-English Vocabulary. Curriculum Bulletin Number 14.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chicago Board of Education, IL. Dept. of Curriculum.

A glossary of Greek counterparts for terms used in the Chicago public schools' curricula is intended to be used by teachers of native Greek-speaking, limited-English speaking students. An introductory section outlines Greek phonology and pronunciation, and ensuing sections provide English vocabulary lists with both the Greek orthography and…

Subject Area Glossary. Chinese-English Vocabulary. Curriculum Bulletin Number Thirteen.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chicago Board of Education, IL. Dept. of Curriculum.

A glossary for use in the Chicago public schools by teachers of Cantonese-speaking, limited-English-speaking students begins with a section on the Cantonese tone system to assist teachers in pronunciation and a section listing commonly used English words. Sections of vocabulary pertinent to various subject areas follow. Each section contains an…

Teaching Audience Analysis with Presidential "Victory" Speeches

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Kevin T.

2015-01-01

Teaching students to understand the importance of audience analysis can be challenging. In fact, many public-speaking texts suggest methods for engaging audience analysis that is not always practical or possible (e.g., polling audiences before you speak to them). One practical way of understanding audience analysis is to see it at work in the text…

Writing for the Ear: Strengthening Oral Style in Manuscript Speeches

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bruss, Kristine

2012-01-01

Public speaking texts typically advise speakers to avoid using a manuscript. Speaking from a manuscript can limit eye contact, reduce expressiveness, and bore listeners. The ideal, rather, is to sound conversational. Conversational style is inclusive, suggesting that a speaker is ""of the people," united in understanding, values and purpose." If a…

An Investigation of the Difficulties Faced by EFL Undergraduates in Speaking Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Al-Jamal, Dina A.; Al-Jamal, Ghadeer A.

2014-01-01

Since speaking well in English is crucial for English language literature undergraduates, the present study aimed at describing difficulties that may be encountered at an EFL setting. The sample was stratified random as drawn from six Jordanian public universities. Survey questionnaires as well as semi-structured interviews were constructed. 64…

Reducing Vocalized Pauses in Public Speaking Situations Using the VP Card

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ramos Salazar, Leslie

2014-01-01

This article describes a speaking problem very common in today's world--"vocalized pauses" (VP). Vocalized pauses are defined as utterances such as "uh," "like," and "um" that occur between words in oral sentences. This practice of everyday speech can affect how a speaker's intentions are…

Supplement for Curriculum Guide for Science: Vietnamese-Speaking Students, Kindergarten-Upper Two. Field Test.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chicago Board of Education, IL.

This supplement to the Chicago public schools' science curriculum guide is for use with Vietnamese-speaking students and is designed to help students make the transition to science learning in English. English-Vietnamese vocabulary lists, independent learning activities (in Vietnamese), and teaching aids (cultural activities such as songs,…

45 CFR 1232.11 - Employment and volunteer selection criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Employment and volunteer selection criteria. 1232.11 Section 1232.11 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) CORPORATION FOR... that impair sensory, manual, or speaking skills. ...

45 CFR 1232.11 - Employment and volunteer selection criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Employment and volunteer selection criteria. 1232.11 Section 1232.11 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) CORPORATION FOR... that impair sensory, manual, or speaking skills. ...

The white-coat effect is unrelated to the difference between clinic and daytime blood pressure and is associated with greater reactivity to public speaking.

PubMed

Palatini, Paolo; Palomba, Daniela; Bertolo, Olivo; Minghetti, Rita; Longo, Daniele; Sarlo, Michela; Pessina, Achille C

2003-03-01

To compare the blood pressure (BP) response to doctor's visit with the BP reaction to a psycho-social challenge and with the difference between clinic and daytime BP (DeltaC-D). We studied 64 young stage-1 hypertensive subjects and 33 normotensive controls. Relationship between direct and surrogate measure of white-coat effect (WCE) and assessment of BP response to public speaking in subjects with normal or increased reaction to BP measurement. The responses to BP measurement by a doctor and to public speaking were assessed with beat-to-beat Finapres recording. DeltaC-D was calculated on the basis of two BP monitorings and used as a surrogate measure of WCE. BP and heart rate changes elicited by the visit were unrelated to DeltaC-D and were correlated to the changes caused by the speech test [P <0.001 for systolic BP (SBP), P = 0.01 for diastolic BP (DBP), and P <0.001 for heart rate]. Hypertensive subjects with SBP response to doctor's visit above the median (hyper-reactive) showed increased reactivity also to public speaking (61 +/- 15 mmHg), while those with BP response below the median (normo-reactive) had a response to the psycho-social challenge (40 +/- 21 mmHg, 0.001 versus hyper-reactive) similar to that of the normotensive controls (38 +/- 17 mmHg). Epinephrine urinary output was greater in the hyper-reactive than the normo-reactive subjects (23 versus 12 microg/24 h, = 0.01). The SBP response to public speaking was greater in the hypertensive subjects with higher systolic daytime BP than in those with lower daytime BP (55.3 +/- 20.9 versus 45.1 +/- 20.6 mmHg, = 0.046). Subjects with increased WCE have an exaggerated response also to psycho-social stimuli. Average daytime BP, which incorporates the BP reactions to many psycho-social triggers can, thus, not be taken as the basal BP of an individual. This helps explain why DeltaC-D does not reflect the true WCE.

Regular physical activity attenuates the blood pressure response to public speaking and delays the development of hypertension.

PubMed

Palatini, Paolo; Bratti, Paolo; Palomba, Daniela; Saladini, Francesca; Zanatta, Nello; Maraglino, Giuseppe

2010-06-01

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of regular physical activity on the haemodynamic response to public speaking and to evaluate the long-term effect of exercise on development of hypertension. We assessed 75 sedentary and 44 active participants screened for stage 1 hypertension with consistent activity habits and 63 normotensive individuals as control. The blood pressure (BP) response to public speaking was assessed with beat-to-beat noninvasive recording. Definition of incident hypertension was based either on clinic or 24-h BP measurement. The BP response to public speaking was greater in the hypertensive than the normotensive participants (P=0.018/0.009). Among the former, sedentary participants showed increased BP reactivity to the speech test (45.2+/-22.6/22.2+/-11.5mmHg, P<0.01/<0.001 versus controls), whereas physically active participants had a response similar to that of controls (35.4+/-18.5/18.5+/-11.5mmHg, P=not significant). During a median follow-up of 71 months, ambulatory BP did not virtually change in the active participants (-0.9+/-7.8/-0.0+/-4.7mmHg) and increased in their sedentary peers (2.8+/-9.8/3.2+/-7.4mmHg, P=0.08/0.003 versus active). Active participants were less likely to develop incident hypertension than sedentary ones. After controlling for several confounders including baseline heart rate, the hazard ratio was 0.53 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.31-0.94] for clinic hypertension and 0.60 (95% CI 0.37-0.99) for ambulatory hypertension. Inclusion of BP response to public speaking into the Cox model influenced the strength of the association only marginally [hazard ratio=0.55 (95% CI 0.30-0.97) and hazard ratio=0.59 (95% CI 0.36-0.99), respectively]. Regular physical activity attenuates the BP reaction to psychosocial stressors. However, this mechanism seems to be only partially responsible for the long-term effect of exercise on BP.

Maryland environmental public health tracking outreach with Spanish-speaking persons living in Baltimore city or county.

PubMed

Braggio, John T; Mitchell, Clifford S; Fierro-Luperini, Sonia

2015-01-01

The 2000 Pew reports became the impetus for the National Environmental Public Health Tracking (EPHT) Program, but there was no mention that Spanish-speaking persons are at increased risk of exposure to environmental hazards. To undertake successful EPHT outreach on Spanish-speaking persons (Hispanics), it is necessary to better understand their environmental health profile and barriers to health care access. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey questions were administered orally in Spanish to Spanish-speaking study participants. Volunteers were tested at a non-for-profit social service and referral agency in Baltimore. To control for acculturation, only Spanish-speaking persons who had lived in the United States for less than 10 years were selected. Responses to 40 BRFSS survey questions asked during the assessment and completion of 3 intervention activities. This study provides new information about Spanish-speaking persons, most of whom (85.3%) would not have been included in the landline administration of the BRFSS survey. Although 29.9% of the participants reported indoor pesticide use and another 9.2% reported outdoor pesticide use, lifetime (3.5%) and current (1.2%) asthma prevalence was significantly lower than asthma prevalence reported by Maryland Hispanics and all Maryland residents. There were significantly lower cholesterol screening (21.5%) and a significantly higher prevalence of diabetes (12.5%) in Spanish-speaking participants than in Maryland Hispanics and all Maryland residents. Among study participants, only 7.8% had health insurance and 39.9% reported that they could not see a doctor. Of the 3 outreach efforts completed, the most promising one involved asking Spanish-English-speaking health care professionals to distribute Spanish comic books about pesticides exposures and health outcomes in community settings where Spanish-only speakers and children were found. The effectiveness of passive and community-based EPHT interventions directed toward Spanish-only speakers has to be evaluated.

Spaceflight-relevant stem education and outreach: Social goals and priorities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Caldwell, Barrett S.

2015-07-01

This paper is based on a presentation and conference proceedings paper given at the 65th International Astronautical Congress. The paper addresses concerns in education and public outreach (EPO) in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). The author serves as a Director of a US statewide NASA-funded Space Grant Consortium, with responsibilities to coordinate funding for undergraduate scholarships, graduate fellowships, and program awards. Space Grant is a national NASA network of STEM EPO programs including over 1000 higher education, outreach center, science museum, local government, and corporate partners. As a Space Grant Director, the author interacts with a variety of levels of STEM literacy and sophistication among members of the public. A number of interactions highlight the need for STEM EPO leaders to speak directly to a variety of social goals and priorities. Spaceflight is largely seen as an appealing and potentially desirable STEM application. However, members of the public are often unclear and ill-informed regarding relative expense, relative benefit, and relative breadth of domains of expertise that are relevant to the spaceflight enterprise. In response (and resulting in further disconnects between STEM specialists and the public), focused STEM professionals frequently over-emphasize their own technical specialty and its priority in general because of its importance to that professional. These potential divides in the attempt to share and connect STEM related goals and priorities are discussed as an elaboration of invitations to discuss spacefaring in "futures forum" contexts. Spaceflight can be seen as addressing a combination of "actualization" and "aspirational" goals at social and societal levels. Maslow's hierarchy of needs distinguishes between "basic needs" and "actualization" as a higher-order need. Another aspect of spaceflight is aspirational-it speaks to hopes and desires for levels of flexibility and capability at the societal level. One analogy is the marketing of premium brand luxury items, at lower cost and larger volumes, to larger segments of the population. STEM EPO activities should not be directed solely at the "rocket science" applications of technology and engineering capabilities. Additional effort is needed to connect spaceflight experiences and examples to broader STEM needs, social priorities, and local contexts.

Measuring Language Dominance and Bilingual Proficiency Development of Tarahumara Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Paciotto, Carla

This paper examines the language dominance and oral bilingual proficiency of Tarahumara-Spanish speaking students from Chihuahua, Mexico, within the framework of Cummins' model of bilingual proficiency development. Cummins' model distinguishes between basic interpersonal communicative skills (BICS) and cognitive academic language proficiency…

Training Multidisciplinary Scholars in Science Policy for Careers in Academia, Private Sector, and Public Service

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kenney, M. A.

2015-12-01

Regardless of a graduate student's ultimate career ambitions, it is becoming increasingly important to either develop skills to successfully transition into non-academic careers or to be able to understand the societal benefits of basic and applied research programs. In this talk I will provide my prospective -- from working in academia, the Federal government, and as an independent consultant -- about the training that we need for graduate students to navigate the jungle gym of career opportunities available (or not available) after they graduate. In particular, I will speak to the need for science policy training, in which scientific and coordination skills are put to use to help support societal decisions. I will assert that, to effectively train graduate students, it is necessary to provide experiences in multidisciplinary, policy-relevant scholarship to build marketable skills critical for a student's professional development.

[The Polish adaptation of the public speaking anxiety questionnaire].

PubMed

Chodkiewicz, Jan; Miniszewska, Joanna

2015-01-01

The aim of the study was the Polish adaptation of the shortened Public Speaking Anxiety Questionnaire GFER by Spitznagel and co-workers. GFER is a self-assessment method which consists of 16 statements and is designed to assess emotions, physiological reactions, and thoughts that appear in a situation of public speaking. GFER was used to examine 320 students from Lodz's universities. The State/Trait Anxiety Inventory - STAI by Spielberger, The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale by Zigmunt and Snaith and TCI by Cloninger were also used. The Polish version of GFER is a reliable and valid tool. The factor structure is similar to the original structure. As a result of the conducted analyses, there was obtained the 9-item version of the tool, which has a 2-factor structure - factor I: emotional and physiological reactions, factor II: worrying. The results obtained with GFER present a statistically significant correlation with other measures of anxiety and with the dimension of temperament: harm avoidance. The obtained results indicate that GFER may be used in both scientific research and therapeutic practice.

How Census 2000 Data Suggest Hostility toward Mexican-Origin Arizonians

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hunnicutt, Kay; Castro, Mario

2005-01-01

Using the Arizona 5% Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) from the 2000 U.S. Census, we compare language-related figures for the Mexican-origin population with those for the total population. Additionally, we compare place of birth and educational attainment data for Mexican-origin persons who speak Spanish at home with those who speak English-only…

Treating Youths with Selective Mutism with an Alternating Design of Exposure-Based Practice and Contingency Management

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vecchio, Jennifer; Kearney, Christopher A.

2009-01-01

Selective mutism is a severe childhood disorder involving failure to speak in public situations in which speaking is expected. The present study examined 9 youths with selective mutism treated with child-focused, exposure-based practices and parent-focused contingency management via an alternating treatments design. Broadband measures of…

A Time to Keep Silence and a Time to Speak

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Connor, Brendan H.; Mangual Figueroa, Ariana

2017-01-01

The authors consider the implications of speaking out and remaining silent in the aftermath of the 2016 U.S. presidential election. They reflect on the forms of speech available to and expected of educators and educational anthropologists in order to raise questions about whose voices are heard or ignored in the current public discourse. Drawing…

77 FR 64541 - Trinity River National Wildlife Refuge, Liberty County, TX; Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-22

...-guided with public use jubilee and various interpretative facilities. public speaking events. materials... and the EA to the public, announcing and requesting comments in a notice of availability in the... recreational opportunities available to the public, including opportunities for hunting, fishing, wildlife...

42 CFR 24.4 - Eligibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Eligibility. 24.4 Section 24.4 Public Health PUBLIC... agents that may affect the public health. The individual would normally have dealt with complex... regulatory guidelines for clinical research and been the recipient of invitations to speak at or to chair...

42 CFR 24.4 - Eligibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Eligibility. 24.4 Section 24.4 Public Health PUBLIC... agents that may affect the public health. The individual would normally have dealt with complex... regulatory guidelines for clinical research and been the recipient of invitations to speak at or to chair...

45 CFR 605.13 - Employment criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Employment criteria. 605.13 Section 605.13 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION NONDISCRIMINATION... speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the applicant's or employee's job skills, aptitude, or...

45 CFR 605.13 - Employment criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Employment criteria. 605.13 Section 605.13 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION NONDISCRIMINATION... speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the applicant's or employee's job skills, aptitude, or...

45 CFR 605.13 - Employment criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Employment criteria. 605.13 Section 605.13 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION NONDISCRIMINATION... speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the applicant's or employee's job skills, aptitude, or...

45 CFR 1616.3 - Qualifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Qualifications. 1616.3 Section 1616.3 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION ATTORNEY HIRING..., including, in areas where significant numbers of eligible clients speak a language other than English as...

24 CFR 570.704 - Application requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... public hearings where a significant number of non-English speaking residents can reasonably be expected... an application for loan guarantee assistance to HUD, the public entity must: (i) Develop a proposed application that includes the following items: (A) The community development objectives the public entity...

45 CFR 1616.3 - Qualifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Qualifications. 1616.3 Section 1616.3 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION ATTORNEY HIRING..., including, in areas where significant numbers of eligible clients speak a language other than English as...

45 CFR 1616.3 - Qualifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Qualifications. 1616.3 Section 1616.3 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION ATTORNEY HIRING..., including, in areas where significant numbers of eligible clients speak a language other than English as...

45 CFR 605.13 - Employment criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Employment criteria. 605.13 Section 605.13 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION NONDISCRIMINATION... speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the applicant's or employee's job skills, aptitude, or...

45 CFR 1616.3 - Qualifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Qualifications. 1616.3 Section 1616.3 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION ATTORNEY HIRING..., including, in areas where significant numbers of eligible clients speak a language other than English as...

45 CFR 605.13 - Employment criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Employment criteria. 605.13 Section 605.13 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION NONDISCRIMINATION... speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the applicant's or employee's job skills, aptitude, or...

Establishing a culturally specific nursing home for Finnish-speaking older persons in Sweden: A case study.

PubMed

Hadziabdic, Emina; Hjelm, Katarina

2018-04-01

The study aims to describe the establishment of a culturally specific nursing home for Finnish-speaking older persons in Sweden. A descriptive qualitative study. A descriptive case study based on a review of 14 public documents and individual interviews with two experts in the area, analysed with qualitative content analysis. This study found that shared language, preservation of customs and habits and collaboration between the representatives of the municipality, Finnish-speaking migrant associations and staff at the nursing home influenced the development of the culturally specific nursing home for older Finnish-speaking people intended to avoid loneliness, isolation and misunderstandings among older Finnish-speaking. Collaboration between healthcare service for older persons and minority people resulted in an optimal culturally specific nursing home, simultaneously encountering the majority culture. Nursing and healthcare services need to be aware of positive effects of collaboration with stakeholders to achieve optimal culturally specific nursing homes.

The experience of learning to speak up: a narrative inquiry on newly graduated registered nurses.

PubMed

Law, Bernice Yee-Shui; Chan, Engle Angela

2015-07-01

To explore the process of learning to speak up in practice among newly graduated registered nurses. Speaking up is an important aspect of communication to ensure patient safety within a healthcare team. However, nurses have reported being hesitant about speaking up or being unable to be heard, despite adopting various safety tools. A power differential could be a factor in their hesitation to speak up. While a large number of new graduates are employed in the lower rungs of the hospital hierarchy to resolve local and global nursing shortages, the process of their learning to speak up remains under-explored. The narrative concept of experience is addressed through the three-dimensional space of a narrative inquiry. Eighteen new graduates were recruited. Stories of experiences of speaking up emerged naturally during repeated unstructured interviews and ongoing email conversations with three participants. The complex process of learning to speak up is schematically represented. Three interrelated narrative threads were identified: (1) learning to speak up requires more than one-off training and safety tools, (2) mentoring speaking up in the midst of educative and miseducative experiences and (3) making public spaces safe for telling secret stories. Speaking up requires ongoing mentoring to see new possibilities for sustaining professional identities in the midst of miseducative experiences under the potential shaping of the Chinese culture and generational differences. Appreciative inquiry might be a new approach that can be used to promote positive cultural changes to encourage newly graduated registered nurses to learn to speak up to ensure patient safety. Cultivating a safe and open culture of communication and mentoring new graduates to speak up will benefit patient safety now and in the future by helping to retain committed patient advocates who could mentor future generations. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Web-Based Technology for Children with Learning Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kumar, S. Praveen; Raja, B. William Dharma

2010-01-01

Individuals with special educational needs may face difficulties in acquiring basic skills needed for learning such as reading, spelling, writing, speaking, understanding, listening, thinking or arithmetic. The difficulties they face in the learning process have begun to attract serious attention throughout the globe. They suffer from severe…

Human Services. Georgia Core Standards for Occupational Clusters.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia Univ., Athens. Dept. of Occupational Studies.

This document lists core standards and occupational knowledge and skills that have been identified and validated by industry as necessary to all Georgia students in secondary-level human services occupations programs. First, foundation skills are grouped as follows: basic skills (reading, writing, arithmetic/mathematics, listening, speaking);…

Technical/Engineering. Georgia Core Standards for Occupational Clusters.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia Univ., Athens. Dept. of Occupational Studies.

This document lists core standards and occupational knowledge and skills that have been identified and validated by industry as necessary to all Georgia students in secondary-level technical/engineering programs. First, foundation skills are grouped as follows: basic skills (reading, writing, arithmetic/mathematics, listening, speaking); thinking…

Health Care. Georgia Core Standards for Occupational Clusters.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia Univ., Athens. Dept. of Occupational Studies.

This document lists core standards and occupational knowledge and skills that have been identified/validated by industry as necessary to all Georgia students in secondary-level health care occupations programs. First, foundation skills are grouped as follows: basic skills (reading, writing, arithmetic/mathematics, listening, speaking); thinking…

Negotiating Race: Military Manpower Policy in Multiethnic States

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-06-12

Oriental youths felt that schooling in Israel had enabled them to be comfortable with Hebrew language and literature, Jewish history, the Bible ......to escape persecution in Arab lands. Most of them lacked basic education and did not speak Hebrew , lending to stereotypes of Orientals as being

JPRS Report, East Europe.

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-02-13

artists , and cultural workers in the CPCZ. We shall self-government and for a further strengthening of the speak out for a fair material and moral...to help develop, in close tors, and trainers in basic units, sections, and other cooperation with the DTSB [German Gymnastics and GST groups to help

VESL: Vocational English as a Second Language. Focus: Electronics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scales, Virginia

These instructional materials are designed to help non-English speaking students in electronics classes to improve their knowledge of English. Covered in the six units are the following topics: safety, hand tools, measuring electricity, component identification, component function, and basic soldering. The lessons include readings, vocabulary…

Entrepreneurial Literacy and the Second Language Curriculum

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rauch, Karen L.; Slack, Dawn

2016-01-01

In this article, we outline ways that language pedagogy intersects with best practices in entrepreneurial education. By highlighting two courses, one in translation studies for a polyglot audience and another in entrepreneurship for Spanish-speaking students, we show how to infuse basic business principles into language curricula. Course…

Why Permafrost Is Thawing, Not Melting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grosse, Guido; Romanovsky, Vladimir; Nelson, Frederick E.; Brown, Jerry; Lewkowicz, Antoni G.

2010-03-01

As global climate change is becoming an increasingly important political and social issue, it is essential for the cryospheric and global change research communities to speak with a single voice when using basic terminology to communicate research results and describe underlying physical processes. Experienced science communicators have highlighted the importance of using the correct terms to communicate research results to the media and general public [e.g., Akasofu, 2008; Hassol, 2008]. The consequences of scientists using improper terminology are at best oversimplification, but they more likely involve misunderstandings of the facts by the public. A glaring example of scientifically incorrect terminology appearing frequently in scientific and public communication relates to reports on the degradation of permafrost. Numerous research papers have appeared in recent years, broadly echoed in the news media, describing the “melting of permafrost,” its effects in the Arctic, and its feedbacks on climate through the carbon cycle. Although permafrost researchers have attempted to distinguish between the appropriate term “permafrost thawing” and the erroneous “permafrost melting” [e.g., van Everdingen, 2005; French, 2002], the latter is still used widely. A Web-based search using the phrase “permafrost melting” reveals hundreds of occurrences, many from highly regarded news and scientific organizations, including Reuters, New Scientist, ABC, The Guardian, Discovery News, Smithsonian magazine, the National Science Foundation, and others.

The Public School Speaks

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Troy, Frosty

2006-01-01

The public school is a 200-year-old experiment that has given America the strongest economy in world history. There are 88,000 buildings in more than 14,000 districts. Public schools embrace more than 48 million children. For most of them, public schools are their only hope for future success. Public schools represent home schooling at its best.…

45 CFR 1170.23 - Employment criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Employment criteria. 1170.23 Section 1170.23 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE... handicap that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the...

45 CFR 1170.23 - Employment criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Employment criteria. 1170.23 Section 1170.23 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE... handicap that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the...

45 CFR 1626.6 - Verification of citizenship.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Verification of citizenship. 1626.6 Section 1626.6 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION RESTRICTIONS... citizenship. A recipient shall not consider factors such as a person's accent, limited English-speaking...

45 CFR 1626.6 - Verification of citizenship.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Verification of citizenship. 1626.6 Section 1626.6 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION RESTRICTIONS... citizenship. A recipient shall not consider factors such as a person's accent, limited English-speaking...

45 CFR 1170.23 - Employment criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Employment criteria. 1170.23 Section 1170.23 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE... handicap that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the...

45 CFR 1170.42 - Admissions and recruitment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Admissions and recruitment. 1170.42 Section 1170.42 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS... impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the applicant's aptitude...

45 CFR 1170.42 - Admissions and recruitment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Admissions and recruitment. 1170.42 Section 1170.42 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS... impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the applicant's aptitude...

45 CFR 1170.42 - Admissions and recruitment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Admissions and recruitment. 1170.42 Section 1170.42 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS... impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the applicant's aptitude...

45 CFR 1151.16 - General prohibitions against discrimination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false General prohibitions against discrimination. 1151.16 Section 1151.16 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL... individuals with impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills. (d) Recipients shall take appropriate steps to...

45 CFR 1151.16 - General prohibitions against discrimination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false General prohibitions against discrimination. 1151.16 Section 1151.16 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL... individuals with impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills. (d) Recipients shall take appropriate steps to...

45 CFR 1626.6 - Verification of citizenship.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Verification of citizenship. 1626.6 Section 1626.6 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION RESTRICTIONS... citizenship. A recipient shall not consider factors such as a person's accent, limited English-speaking...

45 CFR 1170.23 - Employment criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Employment criteria. 1170.23 Section 1170.23 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE... handicap that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the...

45 CFR 605.44 - Academic adjustments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Academic adjustments. 605.44 Section 605.44 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION NONDISCRIMINATION... that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills as will best ensure that the results of the evaluation...

45 CFR 1170.23 - Employment criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Employment criteria. 1170.23 Section 1170.23 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE... handicap that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the...

45 CFR 1624.4 - Discrimination prohibited.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Discrimination prohibited. 1624.4 Section 1624.4 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION PROHIBITION... speaking skills, in order to afford such persons an equal opportunity to benefit from the legal services...

45 CFR 1626.6 - Verification of citizenship.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Verification of citizenship. 1626.6 Section 1626.6 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION RESTRICTIONS... citizenship. A recipient shall not consider factors such as a person's accent, limited English-speaking...

45 CFR 1624.4 - Discrimination prohibited.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Discrimination prohibited. 1624.4 Section 1624.4 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION PROHIBITION... speaking skills, in order to afford such persons an equal opportunity to benefit from the legal services...

45 CFR 1170.42 - Admissions and recruitment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Admissions and recruitment. 1170.42 Section 1170.42 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS... impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the applicant's aptitude...

45 CFR 605.44 - Academic adjustments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Academic adjustments. 605.44 Section 605.44 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION NONDISCRIMINATION... that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills as will best ensure that the results of the evaluation...

More than Solutions: Empowering Students to Think Strategically and Tactically

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Del Gandio, Jason

2017-01-01

Courses: Communication Activism; Public Advocacy; Social Movements; Public Speaking; Persuasion; Argumentation; Public Sphere. Objectives: This semester-long activity helps students implement a solutions--strategies--tactics framework into their advocacy work. More specifically, students learn to (1) designate, research, and assess the causes of…

California Conference on High Blood Pressure Control in the Spanish-Speaking Community (Los Angeles, California, April 1-2, 1978). Summary Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Institutes of Health (DHEW), Bethesda, MD. High Blood Pressure Information Center.

As part of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program effort, the conference explored the implications and impact of the prevalence of hypertension in Spanish-speaking populations in California. Approximately 150 experts in health fields, representing all levels of government, public and private health care providers, consumers, and health…

Enhancing Students' Speaking Skills through Peer Team Teaching: A Student Centered Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vani, V. Vijaya

2016-01-01

The present paper attempts to establish that peer team teaching of a prescribed English lesson of 1st year B.Tech course by the students will provide more opportunities to enhance their public speaking skills. This kind of classroom activity will also help them to develop their vocabulary, reading skills, team working skills, etc. It is assumed…

Using Public Speaking and Critical Thinking To Increase Self-Esteem in the Multi-Cultural College Prep Composition Classroom.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weissberg, Michael W.

In an effort to improve the writing performance of non-native English-speaking students in a college preparatory composition course, a project was undertaken to reduce problems of self-esteem caused by communication apprehension through a speech assignment involving critical thinking and peer reviews. To evaluate the effect of the assignment, the…

The Passion of Teaching at the Border of Order

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Säfström, Carl Anders

2014-01-01

In this text, which was originally delivered as a speech, I discuss the massive critique of teachers in the public discourse on education in Sweden over the last decade. I speak in defence of teachers, and since I am a teacher I speak in defence of myself. The critique of teachers, schooling, and teacher education has been so overbearing that a…

Introducing a Girl to Engineering Day

NASA Image and Video Library

2018-02-22

NASA engineer Krista Shaffer, left, speaks to Rachel Power of NASA’s Digital Expansion to Engage the Public (DEEP) Network inside Kennedy Space Center’s Vehicle Assembly Building during Introduce a Girl to Engineering Day. Held in conjunction with National Engineers Week and Girl Day, the event allowed students from throughout the nation to speak with female NASA scientists and technical experts.

What Do You Teach...? The Role of Argument in Rhetorical Invention: An Integrated Skills Approach.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stelzner, Sara L.

Speaking and writing should be taught together as they both are concerned with the communication model that includes a speaker, a listener, and a subject and the way these elements affect each other. In speaking, it is clear that invention is a public process depending on the listener's or receiver's active participation in the creation of…

77 FR 59967 - Notice of Public Meeting: Northwest California Resource Advisory Council

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-01

... public may present written comments to the council. Each formal council meeting will have time allocated for public comments. Depending on the number of persons wishing to speak, and the time available, the time for individual comments may be limited. Members of the public are welcome on field tours, but they...

15 CFR 705.8 - Public hearings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... additional information or to request time to speak at the hearing shall also be included. Public hearings may... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Public hearings. 705.8 Section 705.8... IMPORTED ARTICLES ON THE NATIONAL SECURITY § 705.8 Public hearings. (a) If it is deemed appropriate by the...

15 CFR 705.8 - Public hearings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... additional information or to request time to speak at the hearing shall also be included. Public hearings may... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Public hearings. 705.8 Section 705.8... IMPORTED ARTICLES ON THE NATIONAL SECURITY § 705.8 Public hearings. (a) If it is deemed appropriate by the...

34 CFR 280.4 - What definitions apply to this program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... attend a magnet school. Magnet school means a public elementary school, public secondary school, public elementary education center, or public secondary education center that offers a special curriculum capable of... handicapped students or to students of limited English-speaking ability; (2) A course of study or a part of a...

15 CFR 705.8 - Public hearings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... additional information or to request time to speak at the hearing shall also be included. Public hearings may... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Public hearings. 705.8 Section 705.8... IMPORTED ARTICLES ON THE NATIONAL SECURITY § 705.8 Public hearings. (a) If it is deemed appropriate by the...

34 CFR 280.4 - What definitions apply to this program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... attend a magnet school. Magnet school means a public elementary school, public secondary school, public elementary education center, or public secondary education center that offers a special curriculum capable of... handicapped students or to students of limited English-speaking ability; (2) A course of study or a part of a...

15 CFR 705.8 - Public hearings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... additional information or to request time to speak at the hearing shall also be included. Public hearings may... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Public hearings. 705.8 Section 705.8... IMPORTED ARTICLES ON THE NATIONAL SECURITY § 705.8 Public hearings. (a) If it is deemed appropriate by the...

PR for Pennies: Low-Cost Library Public Relations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baeckler, Virginia Van Wynen

This manual is designed to demystify a number of public relations techniques for those who wish to start producing their own materials with a minimum of time and money. Chapters focus on public relations; the library stereotype; words, ideas, and pictures; offset printing; creative print distribution; exhibits and posters; public speaking; and the…

Cortisol Responses to a Group Public Speaking Task for Adolescents: Variations by Age, Gender, and Race

PubMed Central

Hostinar, Camelia E.; McQuillan, Mollie T.; Mirous, Heather J.; Grant, Kathryn E.; Adam, Emma K.

2014-01-01

Laboratory social stress tests involving public speaking challenges are widely used for eliciting an acute stress response in older children, adolescents, and adults. Recently, a group protocol for a social stress test (the Trier Social Stress Test for Groups, TSST-G) was shown to be effective in adults and is dramatically less time-consuming and resource-intensive compared to the single-subject version of the task. The present study sought to test the feasibility and effectiveness of an adapted group public speaking task conducted with a racially diverse, urban sample of U.S. adolescents (N = 191; 52.4% female) between the ages of 11 and 18 (M = 14.4 years, SD = 1.93). Analyses revealed that this Group Public Speaking Task for Adolescents (GPST-A) provoked a significant increase in cortisol production (on average, approximately 60% above baseline) and in self-reported negative affect, while at the same time avoiding excessive stress responses that would raise ethical concerns or provoke substantial participant attrition. Approximately 63.4% of participants exhibited an increase in cortisol levels in response to the task, with 59.2% of the total sample showing a 10% or greater increase from baseline. Results also suggested that groups of 5 adolescents might be ideal for achieving more uniform cortisol responses across various serial positions for speech delivery. Basal cortisol levels increased with age and participants belonging to U.S. national minorities tended to have either lower basal cortisol or diminished cortisol reactivity compared to non-Hispanic Whites. This protocol facilitates the recruitment of larger sample sizes compared to prior research and may show great utility in answering new questions about adolescent stress reactivity and development. PMID:25218656

Cortisol responses to a group public speaking task for adolescents: variations by age, gender, and race.

PubMed

Hostinar, Camelia E; McQuillan, Mollie T; Mirous, Heather J; Grant, Kathryn E; Adam, Emma K

2014-12-01

Laboratory social stress tests involving public speaking challenges are widely used for eliciting an acute stress response in older children, adolescents, and adults. Recently, a group protocol for a social stress test (the Trier Social Stress Test for Groups, TSST-G) was shown to be effective in adults and is dramatically less time-consuming and resource-intensive compared to the single-subject version of the task. The present study sought to test the feasibility and effectiveness of an adapted group public speaking task conducted with a racially diverse, urban sample of U.S. adolescents (N=191; 52.4% female) between the ages of 11 and 18 (M=14.4 years, SD=1.93). Analyses revealed that this Group Public Speaking Task for Adolescents (GPST-A) provoked a significant increase in cortisol production (on average, approximately 60% above baseline) and in self-reported negative affect, while at the same time avoiding excessive stress responses that would raise ethical concerns or provoke substantial participant attrition. Approximately 63.4% of participants exhibited an increase in cortisol levels in response to the task, with 59.2% of the total sample showing a 10% or greater increase from baseline. Results also suggested that groups of five adolescents might be ideal for achieving more uniform cortisol responses across various serial positions for speech delivery. Basal cortisol levels increased with age and participants belonging to U.S. national minorities tended to have either lower basal cortisol or diminished cortisol reactivity compared to non-Hispanic Whites. This protocol facilitates the recruitment of larger sample sizes compared to prior research and may show great utility in answering new questions about adolescent stress reactivity and development. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

THE LANGUAGE LABORATORY. A HANDBOOK FOR TEACHERS OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New Orleans Public Schools, LA.

THE PURPOSE OF THE LABORATORIES IS TO DEVELOP FOUR BASIC SKILLS IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY--AURAL UNDERSTANDING, SPEAKING, READING, WRITING, AND TO SUPPORT AN UNDERSTANDING AND APPRECIATION OF THE CULTURE OF THE COUNTRY STUDIED. THE LABORATORY PROVIDES INDIVIDUAL SEMI-SOUNDPROOF BOOTHS EQUIPPED WITH HEADPHONES, MICROPHONES AND TAPE RECORDING…

Figuratively Speaking: Analogies in the Accounting Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tucker, Basil P.

2017-01-01

One of the foundational subjects comprising most Master of Business Administration (MBA) programs is an introductory accounting course, in which students are exposed to the study of financial and management accounting at a basic level. For many students accounting is arguably the most feared subject in the MBA program. Although some students…

Promising Practices: A Teacher Resource (Grades K-3).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Provenzano, Johanna Z., Ed.

A collection of promising instructional practices for teachers of limited-English-speaking primary grade students is organized as a series of lessons on planning, classroom management, teaching procedures, and evaluation in a variety of content areas. Examples of basic learning activities intended to serve as a framework for teacher…

Personalised Context-Aware Ubiquitous Learning System for Supporting Effective English Vocabulary Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chen, Chih-Ming; Li, Yi-Lun

2010-01-01

Because learning English is extremely popular in non-native English speaking countries, developing modern assisted-learning schemes that facilitate effective English learning is a critical issue in English-language education. Vocabulary learning is vital within English learning because vocabulary comprises the basic building blocks of English…

The Problem of "Bildung" and the Basic Structure of "Bildungstheorie"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rucker, Thomas; Gerónimo, Eric Dan

2017-01-01

In this article, an attempt is made to introduce a systematization of the loosely connected group of authors called "Bildungstheorie". This ought to not only be of significance for German-speaking educational science, for the concept of "Bildung" is also increasingly used internationally for the formulation and development of…

Business, Marketing, and Information Management. Georgia Core Standards for Occupational Clusters.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia Univ., Athens. Dept. of Occupational Studies.

This document lists core standards and occupational knowledge and skills that have been identified and validated by industry as necessary to all Georgia students in business, marketing, and information management programs. First, foundation skills are grouped as follows: basic skills (reading, writing, arithmetic/mathematics, listening, speaking);…

Lao Basic Course, Volume 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yates, Warren G.; Sayasithsena, Souksomboun

This book comprises a "set of guidelines for conversational interplay between students and their native-speaking Lao instructor." A student who successfully completes the course should be able to order a simple meal, ask for a room in a hotel, ask and give street directions, tell time, handle travel requirements, and use expressions of…

Adult Literacy and Basic Skills Unit (ALBSU) Newsletter, 1992.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adult Literacy and Basic Skills Unit (ALBSU) Newsletter, 1992

1992-01-01

This document consists of the four issues of this serial issued during 1992. Issue number 44 contains five articles: "Concerns and Fears" (issues raised by the proposed Further and Higher Education Bill in Britain); "Speaking Out for Wordpower" (Kay); "An Open Door to Mathematics" (Hay); "Literacy Problems and…

A Librarian's Guide to Speaking the Business Language.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zach, Lisl

2002-01-01

Discusses budgeting in corporate libraries as a basic tool of financial management. Highlights include focusing on goals; developing a list or matrix of services; resources needed for each service; shared costs; types of budgets, including operating budget, capital budget, and cash budget; and approaches to budgeting, including incremental…

English Language for the Chemical Plant.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mercer County Community Coll., Trenton, NJ.

This document is one of a series of student workbooks developed for workplace skill development courses or workshops by Mercer County Community College (New Jersey) and its partners. Designed for chemical plant employees, the course covers basic English speaking and writing skills needed to communicate effectively at work and outside the…

Annotated A.B.E. Bibliography.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderson, Ethel E., Comp.

Based on lists submitted by practitioners working in the 0 to grade 9 levels of English-speaking adult basic education (ABE) in Canada, this annotated bibliography is composed of 283 items currently in use. Six categories are included: (1) reading, which covers reading systems, instructional material, phonics, and independent reading; (2) language…

The Dynamics of Motivation in Teaching Literacy Skills.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stanchfield, Jo M.

Basic emotional and intellectual factors in motivation can help to stimulate the learner to acquire the five major literacy skills: listening, speaking, thinking, reading, and writing. Contagion, or the spread effect in psychology, is reflected in the readily communicated attitude of the teacher toward students and teaching itself. Similarly,…

A MANUAL OF JAPANESE WRITING, BOOK 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

CHAPLIN, HAMAKO ITO; MARTIN, SAMUEL E.

THIS IS THE FIRST OF THREE VOLUMES WRITTEN TO TEACH THE 881 ESSENTIAL OR "EDUCATION" CHARACTERS TO ENGLISH-SPEAKING STUDENTS OF JAPANESE. THE AUTHORS ASSUME THAT THE STUDENTS HAVE ALREADY LEARNED THE HIRAGANA AND KATAKANA SYLLABARIES AND HAVE A BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF JAPANESE GRAMMAR. ORTHOGRAPHIC CONVENTIONS USED FOLLOW CLOSELY THOSE…

A Signalling Device for Non-Oral Communicators.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

King, Thomas W.

1991-01-01

This article describes simple modifications to a basic 9-volt portable transistor radio to serve as a durable, inexpensive signalling device operable by a single external switch. The unit still functions as a radio, but can also help partially speaking students and users of communication aids to signal for help. (Author/PB)

Exploratory Home Economics for Early Adolescents.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Iowa State Univ. of Science and Technology, Ames. Dept. of Home Economics Education.

This guide is intended to assist teachers in using a life skills approach to introducing early adolescents to the five basic areas of home economics. The following topics are covered in the individual units: life skills in family communication (hearing and listening, speaking, writing, obtaining and responding to feedback, holding a sustained…

BASIC EDUCATION FOR SPANISH-SPEAKING DISADVANTAGED PUPILS.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

OTT, ELIZABETH H.

A BILINGUAL EDUCATION PROGRAM HAS BEEN FIELD TESTED IN SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS, IN CLASSES OF DISADVANTAGED MEXICAN-AMERICAN CHILDREN. THIS SOUTHWEST EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT LABORATORY (SWEDL) PROGRAM IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO TEACHING FRENCH ACADIANS AND NEGRO AMERICANS. THE STRENGTH OF THE PROGRAM, ACCORDING TO THE AUTHOR, LIES IN WHAT IT DOES TO CHANGE…

The Oratorical Scientist: A Guide for Speechcraft and Presentation for Scientists

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lau, G. E.

2015-12-01

Public speaking organizations are highly valuable for individuals seeking to improve their skills in speech development and delivery. The methodology of such groups usually focuses on repetitive, guided practice. Toastmasters International, for instance, uses a curriculum based on topical manuals that guide their members through some number of prepared speeches with specific goals for each speech. I have similarly developed a public speaking manual for scientists with the intention of guiding scientists through the development and presentation of speeches that will help them hone their abilities as public speakers. I call this guide The Oratorical Scientist. The Oratorical Scientist will be a free, digital publication that is meant to guide scientists through five specific types of speech that the scientist may be called upon to deliver during their career. These five speeches are: The Coffee Talk, The Educational Talk, Research Talks for General Science Audiences, Research Talks for Specific Subdiscipline Audiences, and Taking the Big Stage (talks for public engagement). Each section of the manual focuses on speech development, rehearsal, and presentation for each of these specific types of speech. The curriculum was developed primarily from my personal experiences in public engagement. Individuals who use the manual may deliver their prepared speeches to groups of their peers (e.g. within their research group) or through video sharing websites like Youtube and Vimeo. Speeches that are broadcast online can then be followed and shared through social media networks (e.g. #OratoricalScientist), allowing a larger audience to evaluate the speech and to provide criticism. I will present The Oratorical Scientist, a guide for scientists to become better public speakers. The process of guided repetitive practice of scientific talks will improve the speaking capabilities of scientists, in turn benefitting science communication and public engagement.

45 CFR 1616.7 - Language ability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Language ability. 1616.7 Section 1616.7 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION ATTORNEY HIRING § 1616.7 Language ability. In areas where a significant number of clients speak a language other than...

45 CFR 1626.6 - Verification of citizenship.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Verification of citizenship. 1626.6 Section 1626.6 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION RESTRICTIONS..., limited English-speaking ability, appearance, race, or national origin as a reason to doubt that the...

45 CFR 1616.7 - Language ability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Language ability. 1616.7 Section 1616.7 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION ATTORNEY HIRING § 1616.7 Language ability. In areas where a significant number of clients speak a language other than...

45 CFR 605.42 - Admissions and recruitment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Admissions and recruitment. 605.42 Section 605.42 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION... administered to an applicant who has a handicap that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test...

45 CFR 1616.7 - Language ability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Language ability. 1616.7 Section 1616.7 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION ATTORNEY HIRING § 1616.7 Language ability. In areas where a significant number of clients speak a language other than...

45 CFR 605.42 - Admissions and recruitment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Admissions and recruitment. 605.42 Section 605.42 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION... administered to an applicant who has a handicap that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test...

45 CFR 605.42 - Admissions and recruitment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Admissions and recruitment. 605.42 Section 605.42 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION... administered to an applicant who has a handicap that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test...

45 CFR 1226.10 - Hatch Act restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hatch Act restrictions. 1226.10 Section 1226.10 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY... candidates on canvassing or speaking tours. (12) Participation in or organizing a political parade. (13...

45 CFR 1226.10 - Hatch Act restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Hatch Act restrictions. 1226.10 Section 1226.10 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY... candidates on canvassing or speaking tours. (12) Participation in or organizing a political parade. (13...

45 CFR 1151.33 - Employment criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Employment criteria. 1151.33 Section 1151.33 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE... sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the applicant's or employee's job...

78 FR 68779 - Controlled Group Regulation Examples; Hearing Cancellation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-15

..., no one has requested to speak. Therefore, the public hearing scheduled for December 9, 2013, is.... ACTION: Cancellation of a notice of public hearing on proposed rulemaking. SUMMARY: This document cancels a public hearing on proposed regulations that propose revisions to examples that illustrate the...

45 CFR 605.42 - Admissions and recruitment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Admissions and recruitment. 605.42 Section 605.42 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION... administered to an applicant who has a handicap that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test...

45 CFR 1151.33 - Employment criteria.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Employment criteria. 1151.33 Section 1151.33 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE... sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the applicant's or employee's job...

45 CFR 1616.7 - Language ability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Language ability. 1616.7 Section 1616.7 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION ATTORNEY HIRING § 1616.7 Language ability. In areas where a significant number of clients speak a language other than...

45 CFR 1616.7 - Language ability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Language ability. 1616.7 Section 1616.7 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) LEGAL SERVICES CORPORATION ATTORNEY HIRING § 1616.7 Language ability. In areas where a significant number of clients speak a language other than...

Responsible Public Address. Third Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vander Kooi, Daryl; Veenstra, Charles

This textbook aims to help the beginning speaker understand what is necessary for a person to give a competent speech. Although only actual practice can give the necessary confidence, use of the advice given in this textbook, and its application in public speaking situations, will significantly improve an individual's competence in public speaking…

45 CFR 1218.6 - Freedom to present views.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Freedom to present views. 1218.6 Section 1218.6 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY... programs be conducted in an atmosphere in which volunteers can speak freely, and frankly discuss problems...

45 CFR 1218.6 - Freedom to present views.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Freedom to present views. 1218.6 Section 1218.6 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY... programs be conducted in an atmosphere in which volunteers can speak freely, and frankly discuss problems...

24 CFR 570.431 - Citizen participation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... residents in the case of public hearings where a significant number of non-English speaking residents can... follow a detailed citizen participation plan and must make the plan public. The plan must be completed... minimum of two public hearings, for the purpose of obtaining citizens' views and formulating or responding...

45 CFR 1218.6 - Freedom to present views.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Freedom to present views. 1218.6 Section 1218.6 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY... programs be conducted in an atmosphere in which volunteers can speak freely, and frankly discuss problems...

24 CFR 570.431 - Citizen participation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... residents in the case of public hearings where a significant number of non-English speaking residents can... follow a detailed citizen participation plan and must make the plan public. The plan must be completed... minimum of two public hearings, for the purpose of obtaining citizens' views and formulating or responding...

24 CFR 570.431 - Citizen participation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... residents in the case of public hearings where a significant number of non-English speaking residents can... follow a detailed citizen participation plan and must make the plan public. The plan must be completed... minimum of two public hearings, for the purpose of obtaining citizens' views and formulating or responding...

77 FR 55777 - Osage Negotiated Rulemaking Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-11

... those wishing to speak during the public comment period. The meeting location is open to the public... Register. Meeting Agenda: The meeting agenda will include (1) Welcome and Introduction; (2) Overview of... Committee activities; (6) Public comments which will be scheduled for 45 minutes in the morning and again in...

77 FR 65712 - Osage Negotiated Rulemaking Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-30

... speak during the public comment period. The meeting location is open to the public. Space is limited.... Meeting Agenda: The meeting agenda will include (1) Welcome and Introduction; (2) Overview of prior... activities; (6) Public comments which will be scheduled for 45 minutes in the morning and again in the...

75 FR 19297 - Energy Conservation Program: Public Meeting and Availability of the Preliminary Technical Support...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-14

... Conservation Program: Public Meeting and Availability of the Preliminary Technical Support Document for Walk-In... and availability of the preliminary technical support document regarding energy conservation standards..., the deadline for requesting to speak at the public meeting, and the deadline for submitting written...

41 CFR 60-741.21 - Prohibitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 1 2011-07-01 2009-07-01 true Prohibitions. 60-741.21 Section 60-741.21 Public Contracts and Property Management Other Provisions Relating to Public Contracts... administered to a job applicant or employee who has a disability that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking...

14 CFR 1213.102 - Policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... culture of openness, NASA employees may, consistent with this policy, speak to the press and the public... openness with the media and public that values the free exchange of ideas, data, and information as part of... and the results thereof.” Release of public information concerning NASA activities and the results of...

24 CFR 570.431 - Citizen participation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... residents in the case of public hearings where a significant number of non-English speaking residents can... follow a detailed citizen participation plan and must make the plan public. The plan must be completed... minimum of two public hearings, for the purpose of obtaining citizens' views and formulating or responding...

Teaching Digital Oratory: Public Speaking 2.0

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lind, Stephen J.

2012-01-01

Digital oratory can be described as thesis-driven, vocal, embodied public address that is housed within (online) new media platforms (and that ideally takes advantage of the developing/flux-laden conventions that the online video context provides). This new form of public address lies somewhere between traditional speech-giving and media…

45 CFR 1218.6 - Freedom to present views.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Freedom to present views. 1218.6 Section 1218.6 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY... programs be conducted in an atmosphere in which volunteers can speak freely, and frankly discuss problems...

24 CFR 570.431 - Citizen participation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... residents in the case of public hearings where a significant number of non-English speaking residents can... follow a detailed citizen participation plan and must make the plan public. The plan must be completed... minimum of two public hearings, for the purpose of obtaining citizens' views and formulating or responding...

45 CFR 1170.44 - Academic adjustments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Academic adjustments. 1170.44 Section 1170.44 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE... achievement of students who have a handicap that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills as will best...

76 FR 15887 - Property Traded on an Established Market; Hearing Cancellation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-22

... has requested to speak. Therefore, the public hearing scheduled for April 13, 2011, is cancelled...), Treasury. ACTION: Cancellation of notice of public hearing on proposed rulemaking. SUMMARY: This document cancels a public hearing on a proposed rulemaking relating to determining when property is traded on an...

14 CFR 1213.102 - Policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... culture of openness, NASA employees may, consistent with this policy, speak to the press and the public... openness with the media and public that values the free exchange of ideas, data, and information as part of... and the results thereof.” Release of public information concerning NASA activities and the results of...

45 CFR 605.52 - Health, welfare, and other social services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Health, welfare, and other social services. 605.52 Section 605.52 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL SCIENCE... sensory or speaking skills, are not denied effective notice because of their handicap. (c) Emergency...

45 CFR 1170.44 - Academic adjustments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Academic adjustments. 1170.44 Section 1170.44 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE... achievement of students who have a handicap that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills as will best...

45 CFR 1218.6 - Freedom to present views.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Freedom to present views. 1218.6 Section 1218.6 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY... programs be conducted in an atmosphere in which volunteers can speak freely, and frankly discuss problems...

AN OVERVIEW OF PROJECT LEER--BOOKS IN SPANISH FOR PUBLIC AND SCHOOL LIBRARIES IN THE UNITED STATES. (TITLE SUPPLIED).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

SHEPARD, MARIETTA DANIELS

ALTHOUGH ACCURATE FIGURES ARE NOT AVAILABLE, SOME ESTIMATES PLACE THE SPANISH SPEAKING POPULATION OF THE U. S. AS HIGH AS 9 MILLION. THE PLIGHT OF THE SPANISH SPEAKERS HAS BEEN SERIOUSLY AFFECTED BY THE CHANGING LABOR MARKET WHICH IS DEMANDING MORE SKILLED LABOR. THE LANGUAGE BARRIER IS THE PRINCIPAL DETERRENT KEEPING SPANISH SPEAKING PEOPLE FROM…

EFL Teaching in the Amazon Region of Ecuador: A Focus on Activities and Resources for Teaching Listening and Speaking Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gonzalez, Paul F.; Ochoa, Cesar A.; Cabrera, Paola A.; Castillo, Luz M.; Quinonez, Ana L.; Solano, Lida M.; Espinosa, Franklin O.; Ulehlova, Eva; Arias, Maria O.

2015-01-01

Research on teaching listening and speaking skills has been conducted at many levels. The purpose of this study was to analyze the current implementation of classroom and extracurricular activities, as well as the use of educational resources for teaching both skills in public senior high schools in the Amazon region of Ecuador, particularly in…

In Brief: NASA issues media rules

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zielinski, Sarah

2006-04-01

NASA issues media rules NASA scientists will be able to speak freely about their work to the media and the public, under a newly revised policy announced 30 March by NASA Administrator Michael Griffin. Earlier in the year, the agency had been widely criticized after allegations were published that scientists had been prevented from speaking about controversial topics, such as climate change (see Eos 97(9) 2006). The policy is intended to establish a `culture of openness,' in which scientists may communicate the results and conclusions of their scientific research to the public without hindrance. However, NASA scientists will be required to distinguish personal views from those of the agency. The revised policy also outlines the responsibilities other public affairs staff, who will be prohibited from altering or editing scientific information.

An experiment on fear of public speaking in virtual reality.

PubMed

Pertaub, D P; Slater, M; Barker, C

2001-01-01

Can virtual reality exposure therapy be used to treat people with social phobia? To answer this question it is vital to known if people will respond to virtual humans (avatars) in a virtual social setting in the same way they would to real humans. If someone is extremely anxious with real people, will they also be anxious when faced with simulated people, despite knowing that the avatars are computer generated? In [17] we described a small pilot study that placed 10 people before a virtual audience. The purpose was to assess the extent to which social anxiety, specifically fear of public speaking, was induced by the virtual audience and the extent of influence of degree of immersion (head mounted display or desktop monitor. The current paper describes a follow up study conducted with 40 subjects and the results clearly show that not only is social anxiety induced by the audience, but the degree of anxiety experienced is directly related to the type of virtual audience feedback the speaker receives. In particular, a hostile negative audience scenario was found to generate strong affect in speakers, regardless of whether or not they normally suffered from fear of public speaking.

An experimental study on fear of public speaking using a virtual environment.

PubMed

Slater, Mel; Pertaub, David-Paul; Barker, Chris; Clark, David M

2006-10-01

This paper examines a necessary condition for successful exploitation of a virtual environment (VE) in therapeutic intervention for fear of public speaking. The condition is that clients experience a degree of anxiety in the VE that is similar to what they would have been expected to experience in a similar real world setting. We refer to this as a "presence" response. The experimental study involved 20 people who were confident public speakers and 16 who were phobic, assessed on a standard psychological scale. Half of each group spoke within a VE depicting an empty seminar room, and the other half within the same room but populated by a neutrally behaving virtual audience of five people. Three responses were measured--a questionnaire-based measure of anxiety, a measure of self-focused attention on somatic responses, and actual heart rate. On all responses, the people with phobia showed a significant increase in signs of anxiety when speaking to the virtual audience compared to the empty room, whereas the confident people did not. The result was strong in spite of the relatively low representational and behavioral fidelity of the virtual characters.

Speaking out on Matters of Public Concern: The Precarious Nature of School Administrator Speech

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Geisel, Richard T.

2015-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to highlight current U.S. Supreme Court precedents regarding public employee speech on matters of public concern, and how those precedents are being applied by lower federal courts to public school administrators. Surveying the current legal landscape reveals a heightened vulnerability for school administrators…

Public understanding of science is not scientific literacy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

McGowan, A.

1995-12-31

The author notes that public understanding of science has, in many quarters, been taken over by the wrong notion of scientific literacy. The need for the scientific community to develop the language that speaks to the public in general is explored. Methodologies to improve communication to the general public and increase their understanding with clearly developed metaphors are examined.

75 FR 34720 - Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental Impact Statement and To Conduct Public Scoping...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-18

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A concept analysis of undergraduate nursing students speaking up for patient safety in the patient care environment.

PubMed

Fagan, Anthea; Parker, Vicki; Jackson, Debra

2016-10-01

An analysis of the concept of nursing students speaking up for patient safety in the workplace. 'Speaking up' is assertive communication in clinical situations that requires action through questions or statements of opinion or information with appropriate persistence and is linked to patient safety. Previously, the concept of speaking up has focused on the registered or experienced practitioners, there is minimal discussion relating to student nurses. Analysis of the elements of students speaking up will identify the key elements that will give understanding to their position and experiences. A concept analysis. Literature included publications between 1970-2015 from, MEDLINE, CINHAL, PUBMED and SCOPUS. Search terms included patient safety AND speaking up; AND pre-registration/undergraduate nursing students, patient advocate, error reporting, organizational silence, whistleblowing and clinical placement/practicum. The Walker and Avant concept analysis model was modified and used to examine the literature. Nursing students speaking up behaviour is influenced by individual and contextual factors that differ from those influencing more experienced colleagues. Motivators and barriers to voicing concerns include moral and ethical beliefs, willingness and confidence to speak up in the workplace. Students' subordinate and often vulnerable position creates additional tensions and challenges that impact their decisions and actions. This concept analysis provides a clear definition of 'speaking up' in relation to nursing students. The analysis will facilitate understanding and operationalization of the concept applied to learning and teaching, practice and research. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

The Chicana Feminist.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cotera, Martha P.

Presented in this publication are seven essays and public presentations, prepared for Chicana feminist activities and events during the period 1970 to 1977, titled: "Our Feminist Heritage", "When Women Speak: Our Feminist Legacy", "Chicanas and Power", "Feminism As We See It", "Roles",…

A Growth Curve Analysis of Literacy Performance among Second-Grade, Spanish-Speaking, English-Language Learners

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gutiierrez, Gabriel; Vanderwood, Mike L.

2013-01-01

The literacy growth of 260 second-grade English learners (ELs) with varying degrees of English language proficiency (e.g., Beginning, Early Intermediate, Intermediate, Early Advanced and Advanced English language proficiency) was assessed with English literacy skill assessments. Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills measures were…