Publications - GMC 62 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys

Science.gov Websites

DGGS GMC 62 Publication Details Title: Total organic carbon, rock-eval pyrolysis, and vitrinite . Bibliographic Reference Unknown, 1985, Total organic carbon, rock-eval pyrolysis, and vitrinite reflectance Pyrolysis; Total Organic Carbon; Vitrinite Reflectance Top of Page Department of Natural Resources, Division

Publications - GMC 59 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys

Science.gov Websites

DGGS GMC 59 Publication Details Title: Total organic carbon, rock-eval pyrolysis, and vitrinite . Bibliographic Reference Unknown, 1985, Total organic carbon, rock-eval pyrolysis, and vitrinite reflectance -Eval Pyrolysis; Total Organic Carbon; Vitrinite Reflectance Top of Page Department of Natural Resources

Publications - RDF 2007-4 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

, and non-carbonate carbon data from rocks collected in the Solomon and Nome quadrangles, Seward information. Quadrangle(s): Nome; Solomon Bibliographic Reference Werdon, M.B., Newberry, R.J., Szumigala, D.J -carbonate carbon data from rocks collected in the Solomon and Nome quadrangles, Seward Peninsula, Alaska in

Publications - GMC 205 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

DGGS GMC 205 Publication Details Title: Total organic carbon, rock-eval, and gas chromatograms from for more information. Bibliographic Reference Unknown, 1992, Total organic carbon, rock-eval, and gas Information gmc205.pdf (272.0 K) Keywords Total Organic Carbon Top of Page Department of Natural Resources

Realistic Library Research Methods: Bibliographic Sources Annotated.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kushon, Susan G.; Wells, Bernice

This guide gives an overview of basic library research methods with emphasis upon developing an understanding of library organization and professional services. Commonly used bibliographic techniques are described for various published and unpublished, print and nonprint materials. Standard reference sources (bibliographies, encyclopedias, annual…

Publications - RDF 2002-3 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

geochemical data from the rocks collected in the Big Delta Quadrangle, Alaska in 2001 Authors: Athey, J.E or please see our publication sales page for more information. Quadrangle(s): Big Delta Bibliographic , minor-oxide, trace-element, and geochemical data from the rocks collected in the Big Delta Quadrangle

Publications - RDF 2001-1 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

geochemical data from rocks collected in the Salcha River-Pogo area in 2000, Big Delta and northwestern Eagle more information. Quadrangle(s): Big Delta; Eagle Bibliographic Reference Werdon, M.B., Athey, J.E , and geochemical data from rocks collected in the Salcha River-Pogo area in 2000, Big Delta and

Publications - RDF 2003-2 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

geochemical data from rocks collected in the Big Delta Quadrangle, Alaska in 2002 Authors: Werdon, M.B . Quadrangle(s): Big Delta Bibliographic Reference Werdon, M.B., Newberry, R.J., Athey, J.E., Szumigala, D.J -element, and geochemical data from rocks collected in the Big Delta Quadrangle, Alaska in 2002: Alaska

Publications - GMC 18 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys

Science.gov Websites

Authors: Unknown Publication Date: Unknown Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical information. Bibliographic Reference Unknown, [n.d.], Geochemical analysis (total organic carbon, rock-eval

Bibliographic Instruction in a Step-by-Step Approach.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Soash, Richard L.

1992-01-01

Describes an information search process based on Kuhlthau's model that was used to teach bibliographic research to ninth grade students. A research test to ensure that students are familiar with basic library skills is presented, forms for helping students narrow the topic and evaluate materials are provided, and a research process checklist is…

Issues in Nutrition for Adolescents with Chronic Illnesses and Disabilities. CYDLINE Reviews.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis. National Center for Youth with Disabilities.

This annotated bibliography lists print materials, training and educational materials, and programs concerned with nutrition for youth with chronic illnesses and disabilities. Basic bibliographic information and a brief abstract are provided for each of the 87 bibliographic citations which date from 1980 through 1991. Citations are organized into…

Purposes and Bibliographic Objectives of a Pioneer Library Catalog in China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Hur-Li; Lan, Wen-Chin

2009-01-01

This research aims to ascertain the conceptual basics underlying the design of the "Seven Epitomes", the first library catalog to establish the bibliographic model in imperial China. The analytical framework for the study consists of a reconstructed version of the catalog and its historical contexts. In analyzing the surviving text of…

Publications - GMC 117 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

DGGS GMC 117 Publication Details Title: Total organic carbon and rock-eval pyrolysis data of cuttings publication sales page for more information. Bibliographic Reference Unknown, 1989, Total organic carbon and

Publications - RDF 2004-1 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

, C-4, and B-5 quadrangles, Alaska Authors: Athey, J.E., Layer, P.W., and Drake, Jeff Publication Date ): Livengood Bibliographic Reference Athey, J.E., Layer, P.W., and Drake, Jeff, 2004, 40Ar/39Ar ages of rocks

Publications - GMC 294 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

DGGS GMC 294 Publication Details Title: Total organic carbon and rock-eval pyrolysis data of cuttings publication sales page for more information. Bibliographic Reference DGSI, Inc., 2000, Total organic carbon Organic Carbon Top of Page Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical

Publications - GMC 286 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

DGGS GMC 286 Publication Details Title: Total organic carbon (TOC), rock-eval, vitrinite reflectance publication sales page for more information. Bibliographic Reference DGSI, Inc., 1999, Total organic carbon Products Report Report Information gmc286.pdf (2.0 M) Keywords Total Organic Carbon; Vitrinite Reflectance

Publications - GMC 7 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys

Science.gov Websites

the source rock of Standard Oil Company of California North Fork Unit #41-35 Authors: Valentine, Grant , and Shell Oil Company Publication Date: 1976 Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & for more information. Bibliographic Reference Valentine, Grant, and Shell Oil Company, 1976, Vitrinite

Publications - GMC 235 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

reflectance data from cuttings (1,890-11,060') of the Texaco Inc. West Kurupa Unit #1 well Authors: Bird, Ken , and Pawlewicz, Mark Publication Date: 1994 Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical information. Bibliographic Reference Bird, Ken, and Pawlewicz, Mark, 1994, Rock-eval data from cuttings (580

Publications - GMC 411 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

outcrop samples from the 2001 DGGS Salcha River-Pogo project, Big Delta Quadrangle, Alaska Authors . Quadrangle(s): Big Delta Bibliographic Reference Newberry, R.J., 2012, Whole-rock and trace element analyses of two amphibolite outcrop samples from the 2001 DGGS Salcha River-Pogo project, Big Delta Quadrangle

Geotechnical Investigations

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-01-01

and erosion of embankment or foundation materials and hydraulic fracturing while using water. The new ER establishes a policy for drilling in earth...Table 5-4 In Situ Tests to Determine Stress Conditions Bibliographic Test Soils Rocks Reference Remarks Hydraulic fracturing X...Leach (1977) Only for normally consolidated or slightly Mitchell, Guzikowski, consolidated soils and Villet (1978) Hydraulic fracturing X RTH 344 Stress

Publications - GMC 264 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

DGGS GMC 264 Publication Details Title: X-ray fluorescence trace element data of the following U.S for more information. Bibliographic Reference Werdon, M.B., 1996, X-ray fluorescence trace element . Bureau of Mines hard rock mineral pulp samples from the Colville mining district: West Kivliktort

The Preconstructed Vocabulary: A Procrustean Bed

PubMed Central

Jablonski, Stanley

1973-01-01

The mechanization of bibliographic services has imposed a change from the retrospective to the prospective approach to vocabulary development. This results in vocabularies rigidly structured to serve a variety of purposes which are not always mutually compatible. The user suffers from the inflexibility of the basic framework, the dearth of cross-references, and the overspecificity of many subject headings. Computer technology and our knowledge of its application have advanced to the point that we should begin to reclaim some of the bibliographic conveniences which no longer have to be sacrificed. PMID:4691331

Popular Music: A Selected Bibliography of Materials in the California State University, Sacramento Library. Bibliographic Series No. 22.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Donna Ridley, Comp.

The bibliography lists over 400 works in the California State University Library, Sacramento, on pop, rock, country, folk, blues, and soul music from 1950 to the present. Books, periodicals, and non-book materials noted in the bibliography are appropriate for history, communication studies, and popular culture studies as well as for music. Items…

Research to Support the Determination of Spacecraft Maximum Acceptable Concentrations of Potential Atmospheric Contaminants

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Orr, John L.

1997-01-01

In many ways, the typical approach to the handling of bibliographic material for generating review articles and similar manuscripts has changed little since the use of xerographic reproduction has become widespread. The basic approach is to collect reprints of the relevant material and place it in folders or stacks based on its dominant content. As the amount of information available increases with the passage of time, the viability of this mechanical approach to bibliographic management decreases. The personal computer revolution has changed the way we deal with many familiar tasks. For example, word processing on personal computers has supplanted the typewriter for many applications. Similarly, spreadsheets have not only replaced many routine uses of calculators but have also made possible new applications because the cost of calculation is extremely low. Objective The objective of this research was to use personal computer bibliographic software technology to support the determination of spacecraft maximum acceptable concentration (SMAC) values. Specific Aims The specific aims were to produce draft SMAC documents for hydrogen sulfide and tetrachloroethylene taking maximum advantage of the bibliographic software.

Popular Music: A Selected Bibliography of Materials in the California State University, Sacramento Library. Second Edition. Bibliographic Series No. 22.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Donna Ridley, Comp.

Over 700 reference materials, songbooks, and recordings on pop, rock, country, folk, blues, and soul music from the 1950s to the present are listed. The bibliography was compiled because the study of popular music is becoming increasingly important to disciplines such as history, communications, and popular culture as well as music. Entries are…

A LAN Toolbox.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eddison, Elizabeth B.

1989-01-01

This bibliographic essay reviews sources that aid in the planning and management aspects of local area networks. Areas covered include system components; basic vocabularies; planning issues, including needs assessment, peripheral sharing alternatives and costs; and management issues, including purchasing, operating systems, installation, network…

Suggestions for A Basic Economics Library: A Guide to the Building of an Economics Library for School, Classroom and Individual. Fifth Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leamer, Laurence E.; Dawson, George G.

The annotated listing of books and periodicals is intended for librarians and for educators interested in building a basic economics library at the secondary or college level. Most of the materials cited were published in the 1970's, with a few dating from the 1960's. In addition to full bibliographic information, including price, a purchase…

Classification and Subject Cataloguing Section. Bibliographic Control Division. Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

Papers on classification and subject cataloging which were presented at the 1983 International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) conference include: (1) "PRECIS: Basic Principles, Function, and Use," in which Derek Austin (United Kingdom) describes the automated subject indexing system developed for use in the "British…

FRBR and School Libraries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hart, Amy

2006-01-01

This article discusses the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR), a plan that is quickly gaining the support of library organizations around the globe. The FRBR Study Group was appointed by International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) and issued its final report in 1998. The report redefines the basic unit of…

Tracing Federal Legislative and Administrative Law.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Richey, Debora

This document is a guide to the basic sources in the California State University, Fullerton, library that may be utilized in tracing federal laws, regulations, and court decisions. The bibliographic citation, library call number and/or location, and description of contents and/or use are provided for each reference source. Several sample entries…

Efficient Location of Research Reference Sources in the Field of Dance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kissinger, Pat; Jay, Danielle

More than 45 basic dance reference research sources that would be useful to students, scholars, teachers, historians, and therapists are discussed in this bibliographic essay. Aspects of dance covered include choreography, criticism, teaching principles, aesthetic theory, dance therapy, and history. Sources are grouped by type: dictionaries and…

Handbook of Reference Sources. Third Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nichols, Margaret Irby

This third edition of popular and useful reference works, which emphasizes the needs of small libraries, contains 975 annotated entries and lists 201 additional titles (most with bibliographic and order information) in the annotations, representing an expansion of 30 percent over the second edition. The appendix lists 116 basic or core reference…

What Do They Know? An Assessment of Undergraduate Library Skills.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kunkel, Lilith R.; And Others

1996-01-01

Discusses a study conducted at Kent State University's (Ohio) regional campuses that measured the basic library competencies of incoming college freshmen. Results show that the frequency of student assignments was the best predictor of scores on the test measuring library skills. Implications for bibliographic instruction are discussed. (LRW)

Topical Bibliography of Proficiency-Related Publications: 1987-88.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stansfield, Charles W.; Thompson, Lynn

This bibliography is an addendum to a 1987 update of an earlier bibliography on proficiency-related issues in language teaching and testing. The bibliography includes publications that appeared in 1987 and 1988, and a few that appeared in 1986. The 84 citations include basic bibliographic information, and are organized in the following categories:…

Students' Bibliographic Research: Competition Enhances Results.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Engel, Nora; And Others

1996-01-01

Describes an approach to a course about the basics of genetics and molecular biology that utilizes a contest that involves students in accessing information about a topic such as sex determination, neural development, and gene therapy. The general objective of the approach is to inspire students to become familiar with the scientific literature.…

Modern Arabic Prose Literature: An Introduction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Le Gassick, Trevor

This is the preliminary draft of a planned "Introduction to Modern Arabic Prose Literature," the completed text of which "would offer basic biographical and bibliographical impressions, rather than extensive treatments, of the major figures in Arabic prose in the 19th and 20th centuries, along with concise assessments of their ranges of interests…

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nelson-Moore, J.L.; Collins, D.B.; Hornbaker, A.L.

This two-part report provides an essentially complete listing of radioactive occurrences in Colorado, with a comprehensive bibliography and bibliographic cross-indexes. Part 1 lists approximately 3000 known radioactive occurrences with their locations and brief accounts of the geology, mineralogy, radioactivity, host rock, production data, and source of data for each. The occurrences are classified by host rock and plotted on U.S. Geological Survey 1/sup 0/ x 2/sup 0/ topographic quadrangle maps with a special 1 : 100,000-scale base map for the Uravan mineral belt. Part 2 contains the bibliography of approximately 2500 citations on radioactive mineral occurrences in the state, withmore » cross-indexes by county, host rock, and the special categories of ''Front Range,'' ''Colorado Plateau,'' and ''thorium.'' The term ''occurrence'' as used in this report is defined as any site where the concentration of uranium or thorium is at least 0.01% or where the range of radioactivity is greater than twice the background radioactivity. All citations and occurrence data are stored on computer diskettes for easy retrieval, correction, and updating.« less

An Evaluation of the Utility and Cost of Computerized Library Catalogs. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dolby, J.L.; And Others

This study analyzes the basic cost factors in the automation of library catalogs, with a separate examination of the influence of typography on the cost of printed catalogs and the use of efficient automatic error detection procedures in processing bibliographic records. The utility of automated catalogs is also studied, based on data from a…

The Indians of California, A Critical Bibliography.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heizer, Robert F.

Everything ever written, or to be written, about the American Indians of California is in some way a record of the history of these people. A full bibliography of California Indian history, therefore, would run to a volume of substantial size. This bibliographical essay is a guide to some works of basic importance for introducing the reader to the…

A Basic Reference Shelf on Simulation and Gaming. A Series One Paper from ERIC at Stanford.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Twelker, Paul A.

A short, preliminary discussion of simulation and gaming outlines the various instructional and research techniques which come under the more general heading and lists the properties of each. Six sections of annotated, bibliographic entries serve as a guide to the literature on simulation and gaming. Documents are grouped under the following…

Generalized Models for Rock Joint Surface Shapes

PubMed Central

Du, Shigui; Hu, Yunjin; Hu, Xiaofei

2014-01-01

Generalized models of joint surface shapes are the foundation for mechanism studies on the mechanical effects of rock joint surface shapes. Based on extensive field investigations of rock joint surface shapes, generalized models for three level shapes named macroscopic outline, surface undulating shape, and microcosmic roughness were established through statistical analyses of 20,078 rock joint surface profiles. The relative amplitude of profile curves was used as a borderline for the division of different level shapes. The study results show that the macroscopic outline has three basic features such as planar, arc-shaped, and stepped; the surface undulating shape has three basic features such as planar, undulating, and stepped; and the microcosmic roughness has two basic features such as smooth and rough. PMID:25152901

The influence of the geological setting on the morphogenetic evolution of the Tremiti Archipelago (Apulia, Southeastern Italy)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andriani, G. F.; Walsh, N.; Pagliarulo, R.

2005-01-01

The Tremiti Archipelago (Southern Adriatic Sea), also called Insulae Diomedae from the name of the Greek hero who first landed there, is an area of high landscape and historical value. It is severely affected by significant geomorphologic processes dominated by mass movements along the coast that constitute the most important and unpredictable natural hazard for the population and cultural heritage. Coastal erosion is favoured by the peculiar geological and structural setting, seismic activity, weathering, development of karst processes, and wave action. The present paper reports on descriptive and qualitative evaluation of the factors controlling landslides and coastline changes based on medium-term in situ observation, detailed surface surveys at selected locations since 1995, and historic and bibliographic data. The Tremiti Archipelago is part of an active seismic area characterised by a shear zone separating two segments of the Adriatic microplate that have shown different behaviour and roll back rates in the subduction underneath the Apennines since middle Pleistocene. Although coastal morphology can be basically considered to be the result of wave action, the continual action of subaerial processes contributes effectively to the mechanism of shoreline degradation. Weathering mainly affects the marly calcisiltites and calcilutites of the Cretaccio Fm. and the friable and low cemented calcarenites and biomicrites of the San Nicola Fm. The cliffs are characterised by different types of failure such as lateral spreads, secondary topples, rock falls and slides. At the Isle of San Nicola, landslides are controlled by the contrast in competence, shear strength and stiffness between the Pliocene re-crystallised dolomitic calcarenites and calcisiltites and the Miocene marly calcilutites and calcisiltites. At the Isles of San Domino and Caprara rock falls are attributed to the undercutting of waves at the base of the cliffs.

Talking Rocks.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rice, Dale; Corley, Brenda

1987-01-01

Discusses some of the ways that rocks can be used to enhance children's creativity and their interest in science. Suggests the creation of a dramatic production involving rocks. Includes basic information on sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks. (TW)

CUNY+ Web: Usability Study of the Web-Based GUI Version of the Bibliographic Database of the City University of New York (CUNY).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oulanov, Alexei; Pajarillo, Edmund J. Y.

2002-01-01

Describes the usability evaluation of the CUNY (City University of New York) information system in Web and Graphical User Interface (GUI) versions. Compares results to an earlier usability study of the basic information database available on CUNY's wide-area network and describes the applicability of the previous usability instrument to this…

New Strategies for Delivering Library Resources to Users: Rethinking the Mechanisms in which Libraries Are Processing and Delivering Bibliographic Records

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

El-Sherbini, Magda; Wilson, Amanda J

2007-01-01

The focus of this paper is to examine the current library practice of processing and delivering information and to introduce alternative scenarios that may keep librarians relevant in the technological era. In the scenarios presented here, the authors will attempt to challenge basic assumptions about the usefulness of and need for OPAC systems,…

The Geochemical Databases GEOROC and GeoReM - What's New?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sarbas, B.; Jochum, K. P.; Nohl, U.; Weis, U.

2017-12-01

The geochemical databases GEOROC (http: georoc.mpch-mainz.gwdg.de) and GeoReM (http: georem.mpch-mainz.gwdg.de) are maintained by the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Mainz, Germany. Both online databases became crucial tools for geoscientists from different research areas. They are regularly upgraded by new tools and new data from recent publications obtained from a wide range of international journals. GEOROC is a collection of published analyses of volcanic rocks and mantle xenoliths. Since recently, data for plutonic rocks are added. The analyses include major and trace element concentrations, radiogenic and non-radiogenic isotope ratios as well as analytical ages for whole rocks, glasses, minerals and inclusions. Samples come from eleven geological settings and span the whole geological age scale from Archean to Recent. Metadata include, among others, geographic location, rock class and rock type, geological age, degree of alteration, analytical method, laboratory, and reference. The GEOROC web page allows selection of samples by geological setting, geography, chemical criteria, rock or sample name, and bibliographic criteria. In addition, it provides a large number of precompiled files for individual locations, minerals and rock classes. GeoReM is a database collecting information about reference materials of geological and environmental interest, such as rock powders, synthetic and natural glasses as well as mineral, isotopic, biological, river water and seawater reference materials. It contains published data and compilation values (major and trace element concentrations and mass fractions, radiogenic and stable isotope ratios). Metadata comprise, among others, uncertainty, analytical method and laboratory. Reference materials are important for calibration, method validation, quality control and to establish metrological traceability. GeoReM offers six different search strategies: samples or materials (published values), samples (GeoReM preferred values), chemical criteria, chemical criteria based on bibliography, bibliography, as well as methods and institutions.

Nursing research and bibliographic citation models.

PubMed

Angordans, Jordi Piqué; Puig, Ramón Camaño; Noguera, Carmen Piqué

2009-01-01

This research focuses on the analysis of how nursing journals publish their papers. Basically, two models are analyzed, Vancouver, by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, and APA by the American Psychological Association. Their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. In view of how research papers are currently published and how research is judged, the authors propose that nursing journals adopt their own model, irrespective of how medical professionals publish.

Cuba: A Short Critical Bibliographic Guide

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Basosi, Duccio

An island with a population of approximately eleven million citizens, Cuba has been the topic of a huge amount of books and articles by scholars, politicians, artists, tourists and—why not?—foreign undercover agents. A random search in a well-known on-line bookshop gives some 118,000 results for the island's name. In brief, to present a selection of basic works on Cuba is a very harsh task that necessarily leads to difficult choices.

[Assessment of the journal Nutrición Hospitalaria (part I): authors, institutions, articles].

PubMed

Iglesias Vázquez, E; Culebras, J M; García de Lorenzo, A

2001-01-01

An analysis is made into the productivity of the authors publishing in Hospital Nutrition and the Institutions to which they belong. Spanish authors are dominant, mainly ones from Madrid, and coming to a large extent from the health-care field (75.8%), basically in general hospitals. The types of article very over the period under study, with examples of purely technical articles alongside others such as bibliographical reviews, or Letters to the Editor.

Evaluating the Relationships Between NTNU/SINTEF Drillability Indices with Index Properties and Petrographic Data of Hard Igneous Rocks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aligholi, Saeed; Lashkaripour, Gholam Reza; Ghafoori, Mohammad; Azali, Sadegh Tarigh

2017-11-01

Thorough and realistic performance predictions are among the main requisites for estimating excavation costs and time of the tunneling projects. Also, NTNU/SINTEF rock drillability indices, including the Drilling Rate Index™ (DRI), Bit Wear Index™ (BWI), and Cutter Life Index™ (CLI), are among the most effective indices for determining rock drillability. In this study, brittleness value (S20), Sievers' J-Value (SJ), abrasion value (AV), and Abrasion Value Cutter Steel (AVS) tests are conducted to determine these indices for a wide range of Iranian hard igneous rocks. In addition, relationships between such drillability parameters with petrographic features and index properties of the tested rocks are investigated. The results from multiple regression analysis revealed that the multiple regression models prepared using petrographic features provide a better estimation of drillability compared to those prepared using index properties. Also, it was found that the semiautomatic petrography and multiple regression analyses provide a suitable complement to determine drillability properties of igneous rocks. Based on the results of this study, AV has higher correlations with studied mineralogical indices than AVS. The results imply that, in general, rock surface hardness of hard igneous rocks is very high, and the acidic igneous rocks have a lower strength and density and higher S20 than those of basic rocks. Moreover, DRI is higher, while BWI is lower in acidic igneous rocks, suggesting that drill and blast tunneling is more convenient in these rocks than basic rocks.

Introduction to the Apollo collections. Part 1: Lunar igneous rocks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcgee, P. E.; Warner, J. L.; Simonds, C. H.

1977-01-01

The basic petrographic, chemical, and age data is presented for a representative suite of igneous rocks gathered during the six Apollo missions. Tables are given for 69 samples: 32 igneous rocks and 37 impactites (breccias). A description is given of 26 basalts, four plutonic rocks, and two pyroclastic samples. The textural-mineralogic name assigned each sample is included.

Manual on Bibliographic Control.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

This manual outlines objectives, functions, and methods for establishing national bibliographic control as part of the development of a worldwide system for the control and exchange of bibliographic information. Chapters cover: (1) definitions of bibliographic control and related concepts including Universal Bibliographic Control (UBC) and…

Selection of basic data for numerical modeling of rock mass stress state at Mirny Mining and Processing Works, Alrosa Group of Companies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bokiy, IB; Zoteev, OV; Pul, VV; Pul, EK

2018-03-01

The influence of structural features on the strength and elasticity modulus is studied in rock mass in the area of Mirny Mining and Processing Works. The authors make recommendations on the values of physical properties of rocks.

Machine Readable Bibliographic Records: Criteria and Creation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bregzis, Ritvars

The centrality of bibliographic records in library automation, objectives of the bibliographic record file and elemental factors involved in bibliographic record creation are discussed. The practical work of creating bibliographic records involves: (1) data base environment, (2) technical aspects, (3) cost and (4) operational methodology. The…

Metamorphism of the Oddanchatram anorthosite, Tamil Nadu, South India

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wiebe, R. A.; Janardhan, A. S.

1988-01-01

The Oddanchatram anorthosite is located in the Madurai District of Tamil Nadu, near the town of Palni. It is emplaced into a granulite facies terrain commonly presumed to have undergone its last regional metamorphism in the late Archean about 2600 m.y. The surrounding country rock consists of basic granulites, charnockites and metasedimentary rocks including quartzites, pelites and calc-silicates. The anorthosite is clearly intrusive into the country rock and contains many large inclusions of previously deformed basic granulite and quartzite within 100 meters of its contact. Both this intrusion and the nearby Kaduvar anorthosite show evidence of having been affected by later metamorphism and deformation.

Reference Manual for Machine-Readable Bibliographic Descriptions. Second Revised Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dierickx, H., Ed.; Hopkinson, A., Ed.

A product of the UNISIST International Centre for Bibliographic Descriptions (UNIBIB), this reference manual presents a standardized communication format for the exchange of machine-readable bibliographic information between bibliographic databases or other types of bibliographic information services, including libraries. The manual is produced in…

Comparison of traditional six-year and new four-year dental curricula in South Korea.

PubMed

Komabayashi, Takashi; Ahn, Chul; Kim, Kang-Ju; Oh, Hyo-Won

2012-01-01

This study aimed to compare the dental curriculum of the traditional six-year system with that of the new four-year (graduate-entry) system in South Korea. There are 11 dental schools in South Korea: six are public and five are private. Eight offer the new four-year program and the other three offer the traditional six-year program. Descriptive analyses were conducted using bibliographic data and local information along with statistical analyses such as chi-square tests. In the six-year programs, clinical dentistry subjects were taught almost equally in practical and didactic courses, while the basic science courses were taught more often as practical courses (P < 0.0001). In the four-year programs, both the basic science and clinical dentistry subjects were taught didactically more often; while more dentistry subjects were taught than basic sciences (P = 0.004). The four-year program model in South Korea is more focused on dentistry than on basic science, while both basic and clinical dentistry subjects were equally taught in the six-year program.

The Rock Climbing Teaching Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kudlas, John

The product of 10 years of rock climbing instruction, this guide provides material from which an instructor can teach basic climbing concepts and safety skills as well as conduct a safe, enjoyable rock climbing class in a high school setting. It is designed for an instructor with limited experience in climbing; however, the need for teacher…

Strength/Brittleness Classification of Igneous Intact Rocks Based on Basic Physical and Dynamic Properties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aligholi, Saeed; Lashkaripour, Gholam Reza; Ghafoori, Mohammad

2017-01-01

This paper sheds further light on the fundamental relationships between simple methods, rock strength, and brittleness of igneous rocks. In particular, the relationship between mechanical (point load strength index I s(50) and brittleness value S 20), basic physical (dry density and porosity), and dynamic properties (P-wave velocity and Schmidt rebound values) for a wide range of Iranian igneous rocks is investigated. First, 30 statistical models (including simple and multiple linear regression analyses) were built to identify the relationships between mechanical properties and simple methods. The results imply that rocks with different Schmidt hardness (SH) rebound values have different physicomechanical properties or relations. Second, using these results, it was proved that dry density, P-wave velocity, and SH rebound value provide a fine complement to mechanical properties classification of rock materials. Further, a detailed investigation was conducted on the relationships between mechanical and simple tests, which are established with limited ranges of P-wave velocity and dry density. The results show that strength values decrease with the SH rebound value. In addition, there is a systematic trend between dry density, P-wave velocity, rebound hardness, and brittleness value of the studied rocks, and rocks with medium hardness have a higher brittleness value. Finally, a strength classification chart and a brittleness classification table are presented, providing reliable and low-cost methods for the classification of igneous rocks.

Semi-Automated Identification of Rocks in Images

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bornstein, Benjamin; Castano, Andres; Anderson, Robert

2006-01-01

Rock Identification Toolkit Suite is a computer program that assists users in identifying and characterizing rocks shown in images returned by the Mars Explorer Rover mission. Included in the program are components for automated finding of rocks, interactive adjustments of outlines of rocks, active contouring of rocks, and automated analysis of shapes in two dimensions. The program assists users in evaluating the surface properties of rocks and soil and reports basic properties of rocks. The program requires either the Mac OS X operating system running on a G4 (or more capable) processor or a Linux operating system running on a Pentium (or more capable) processor, plus at least 128MB of random-access memory.

Multidimensional classification of magma types for altered igneous rocks and application to their tectonomagmatic discrimination and igneous provenance of siliciclastic sediments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Verma, Surendra P.; Rivera-Gómez, M. Abdelaly; Díaz-González, Lorena; Pandarinath, Kailasa; Amezcua-Valdez, Alejandra; Rosales-Rivera, Mauricio; Verma, Sanjeet K.; Quiroz-Ruiz, Alfredo; Armstrong-Altrin, John S.

2017-05-01

A new multidimensional scheme consistent with the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) is proposed for the classification of igneous rocks in terms of four magma types: ultrabasic, basic, intermediate, and acid. Our procedure is based on an extensive database of major element composition of a total of 33,868 relatively fresh rock samples having a multinormal distribution (initial database with 37,215 samples). Multinormally distributed database in terms of log-ratios of samples was ascertained by a new computer program DOMuDaF, in which the discordancy test was applied at the 99.9% confidence level. Isometric log-ratio (ilr) transformation was used to provide overall percent correct classification of 88.7%, 75.8%, 88.0%, and 80.9% for ultrabasic, basic, intermediate, and acid rocks, respectively. Given the known mathematical and uncertainty propagation properties, this transformation could be adopted for routine applications. The incorrect classification was mainly for the "neighbour" magma types, e.g., basic for ultrabasic and vice versa. Some of these misclassifications do not have any effect on multidimensional tectonic discrimination. For an efficient application of this multidimensional scheme, a new computer program MagClaMSys_ilr (MagClaMSys-Magma Classification Major-element based System) was written, which is available for on-line processing on http://tlaloc.ier.unam.mx/index.html. This classification scheme was tested from newly compiled data for relatively fresh Neogene igneous rocks and was found to be consistent with the conventional IUGS procedure. The new scheme was successfully applied to inter-laboratory data for three geochemical reference materials (basalts JB-1 and JB-1a, and andesite JA-3) from Japan and showed that the inferred magma types are consistent with the rock name (basic for basalts JB-1 and JB-1a and intermediate for andesite JA-3). The scheme was also successfully applied to five case studies of older Archaean to Mesozoic igneous rocks. Similar or more reliable results were obtained from existing tectonomagmatic discrimination diagrams when used in conjunction with the new computer program as compared to the IUGS scheme. The application to three case studies of igneous provenance of sedimentary rocks was demonstrated as a novel approach. Finally, we show that the new scheme is more robust for post-emplacement compositional changes than the conventional IUGS procedure.

Information resources at the National Center for Biotechnology Information.

PubMed Central

Woodsmall, R M; Benson, D A

1993-01-01

The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), part of the National Library of Medicine, was established in 1988 to perform basic research in the field of computational molecular biology as well as build and distribute molecular biology databases. The basic research has led to new algorithms and analysis tools for interpreting genomic data and has been instrumental in the discovery of human disease genes for neurofibromatosis and Kallmann syndrome. The principal database responsibility is the National Institutes of Health (NIH) genetic sequence database, GenBank. NCBI, in collaboration with international partners, builds, distributes, and provides online and CD-ROM access to over 112,000 DNA sequences. Another major program is the integration of multiple sequences databases and related bibliographic information and the development of network-based retrieval systems for Internet access. PMID:8374583

Basic Understanding of Earth Tunneling by Melting : Volume 1. Basic Physical Principles.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1974-07-01

A novel technique, which employs the melting of rocks and soils as a means of excavating or tunneling while simultaneously generating a glass tunnel lining and/or primary support, was studied. The object of the study was to produce a good basic under...

Geologic map of the Basque-Cantabrian Basin and a new tectonic interpretation of the Basque Arc

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ábalos, B.

2016-11-01

A new printable 1/200.000 bedrock geological map of the onshore Basque-Cantabrian Basin is presented, aimed to contribute to future geologic developments in the central segment of the Pyrenean-Cantabrian Alpine orogenic system. It is accompanied in separate appendixes by a historic report on the precedent geological maps and by a compilation above 350 bibliographic citations of maps and academic reports (usually overlooked or ignored) that are central to this contribution. Structural scrutiny of the map permits to propose a new tectonic interpretation of the Basque Arc, implementing previously published partial reconstructions. It is presented as a printable 1/400.000 tectonic map. The Basque Arc consists of various thrust slices that can expose at the surface basement rocks (Palaeozoic to Lower Triassic) and their sedimentary cover (uppermost Triassic to Tertiary), from which they are detached by intervening (Upper Triassic) evaporites and associated rocks. The slice-bounding thrusts are in most cases reactivated normal faults active during Meso-Cenozoic sedimentation that can be readily related to basement discontinuities generated during the Hercynian orogeny.

TQM: A bibliography with abstracts. [total quality management

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gottlich, Gretchen L. (Editor)

1992-01-01

This document is designed to function as a special resource for NASA Langley scientists, engineers, and managers during the introduction and development of total quality management (TQM) practices at the Center. It lists approximately 300 bibliographic citations for articles and reports dealing with various aspects of TQM. Abstracts are also available for the majority of the citations. Citations are organized by broad subject areas, including case studies, customer service, senior management, leadership, communication tools, TQM basics, applications, and implementation. An introduction and indexes provide additional information on arrangement and availability of these materials.

Rock melting technology and geothermal drilling

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rowley, J. C.

1974-01-01

National awareness of the potential future shortages in energy resources has heightened interest in exploration and utilization of a variety of geothermal energy (GTE) reservoirs. The status of conventional drilling of GTE wells is reviewed briefly and problem areas which lead to higher drilling costs are identified and R and D directions toward solution are suggested. In the immediate future, an expanded program of drilling in GTE formations can benefit from improvements in drilling equipment and technology normally associated with oil or gas wells. Over a longer time period, the new rock-melting drill bits being developed as a part of the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory's Subterrene Program offer new solutions to a number of problems which frequently hamper GTE drilling, including the most basic problem - high temperature. Two of the most favorable characteristics of rock-melting penetrators are their ability to operate effectively in hot rock and produce glass linings around the hole as an integral part of the drilling process. The technical advantages to be gained by use of rock-melting penetrators are discussed in relation to the basic needs for GTE wells.

Graph-Based Interactive Bibliographic Information Retrieval Systems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhu, Yongjun

2017-01-01

In the big data era, we have witnessed the explosion of scholarly literature. This explosion has imposed challenges to the retrieval of bibliographic information. Retrieval of intended bibliographic information has become challenging due to the overwhelming search results returned by bibliographic information retrieval systems for given input…

Bibliographic Projects and Tools in Israel.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kedar, Rochelle

This paper presents several of the most prominent bibliographic tools and projects current in Israel, as well as a few specialized and less well-known projects. Bibliographic tools include the Israel Union Catalog and the Israel Union List of Serials. The following are the major bibliographic projects described: the National Jewish Bibliography…

The Research on Tunnel Surrounding Rock Classification Based on Geological Radar and Probability Theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xiao Yong, Zhao; Xin, Ji Yong; Shuang Ying, Zuo

2018-03-01

In order to effectively classify the surrounding rock types of tunnels, a multi-factor tunnel surrounding rock classification method based on GPR and probability theory is proposed. Geological radar was used to identify the geology of the surrounding rock in front of the face and to evaluate the quality of the rock face. According to the previous survey data, the rock uniaxial compressive strength, integrity index, fissure and groundwater were selected for classification. The related theories combine them into a multi-factor classification method, and divide the surrounding rocks according to the great probability. Using this method to classify the surrounding rock of the Ma’anshan tunnel, the surrounding rock types obtained are basically the same as those of the actual surrounding rock, which proves that this method is a simple, efficient and practical rock classification method, which can be used for tunnel construction.

Cyclic and Fatigue Behaviour of Rock Materials: Review, Interpretation and Research Perspectives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cerfontaine, B.; Collin, F.

2018-02-01

The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive state of the art of fatigue and cyclic loading of natural rock materials. Papers published in the literature are classified and listed in order to ease bibliographical review, to gather data (sometimes contradictory) on classical experimental results and to analyse the main interpretation concepts. Their advantages and limitations are discussed, and perspectives for further work are highlighted. The first section summarises and defines the different experimental set-ups (type of loading, type of experiment) already applied to cyclic/fatigue investigation of rock materials. The papers are then listed based on these different definitions. Typical results are highlighted in next section. Fatigue/cyclic loading mainly results in accumulation of plastic deformation and/or damage cycle after cycle. A sample cyclically loaded at constant amplitude finally leads to failure even if the peak load is lower than its monotonic strength. This subcritical crack is due to a diffuse microfracturing and decohesion of the rock structure. The third section reviews and comments the concepts used to interpret the results. The fatigue limit and S- N curves are the most common concepts used to describe fatigue experiments. Results published from all papers are gathered into a single figure to highlight the tendency. Predicting the monotonic peak strength of a sample is found to be critical in order to compute accurate S- N curves. Finally, open questions are listed to provide a state of the art of grey areas in the understanding of fatigue mechanisms and challenges for the future.

Petrogensis of rhyolitic domes of Dastjerd (SE Qom)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Askari, Nasim; Kheirkhah, Monireh; Hashem Emami, Mohamad

2010-05-01

The study area is located in South Eastern Qom; this area is marginal part of SW Central Iran, located in Urumieh- Dokhtar magmatic belt. Rhyolitic domes (Post Eocene) as endogenous (crypto dome) are along Meyem slip-fault, that this fault probably is effective in emplacement and magma ascent. The ryholitic rocks contain some phenocrysts of garnets, plagioclases and biotits. The groundmasses are consisting of plagioclase, K-feldspar and quartz. Rhyolitic rocks have calc alkaline trends and base on chemical composition of rhyolite rocks and mica bearing. The source of magma is S-type and per aluminums which belongs to collision environment. It is suggested the role of continental crust in generation rhyolitic rocks. Because of the garnet area is an early crystallizing phase and is only confined to rhyolite, it is inferred that the garnet did not crystallize in more basic magmas and that the rhyolite could not have been derived from a basic magma by crystal fractionation. Keywords: Rhyolitic, slip-fault, collision, S-type, endogenous

Searching ClinicalTrials.gov and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform to inform systematic reviews: what are the optimal search approaches?

PubMed

Glanville, Julie M; Duffy, Steven; McCool, Rachael; Varley, Danielle

2014-07-01

Since 2005, International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) member journals have required that clinical trials be registered in publicly available trials registers before they are considered for publication. The research explores whether it is adequate, when searching to inform systematic reviews, to search for relevant clinical trials using only public trials registers and to identify the optimal search approaches in trials registers. A search was conducted in ClinicalTrials.gov and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) for research studies that had been included in eight systematic reviews. Four search approaches (highly sensitive, sensitive, precise, and highly precise) were performed using the basic and advanced interfaces in both resources. On average, 84% of studies were not listed in either resource. The largest number of included studies was retrieved in ClinicalTrials.gov and ICTRP when a sensitive search approach was used in the basic interface. The use of the advanced interface maintained or improved sensitivity in 16 of 19 strategies for Clinicaltrials.gov and 8 of 18 for ICTRP. No single search approach was sensitive enough to identify all studies included in the 6 reviews. Trials registers cannot yet be relied upon as the sole means to locate trials for systematic reviews. Trials registers lag behind the major bibliographic databases in terms of their search interfaces. For systematic reviews, trials registers and major bibliographic databases should be searched. Trials registers should be searched using sensitive approaches, and both the registers consulted in this study should be searched.

NED and SIMBAD Conventions for Bibliographic Reference Coding

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schmitz, M.; Helou, G.; Dubois, P.; LaGue, C.; Madore, B.; Jr., H. G. Corwin; Lesteven, S.

1995-01-01

The primary purpose of the 'reference code' is to provide a unique and traceable representation of a bibliographic reference within the structure of each database. The code is used frequently in the interfaces as a succinct abbreviation of a full bibliographic reference. Since its inception, it has become a standard code not only for NED and SIMBAD, but also for other bibliographic services.

Bibliographic Resources for the Historian of Astronomy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Corbin, B. G.

1999-12-01

Many large library collections now have online bibliographic catalogs on the web. These provide many hidden resources for the historian of astronomy. Special searching techniques will allow the historian to scan bibliographic records of hundreds of entries relating to biographies of astronomers, collected works of astronomers, ancient and medieval astronomy and many other historical subjects. Abstract databases such as the Astrophysics Data System and ARIBIB are also adding much historical bibliographic information. ARIBIB will eventually contain scanned images of the Astronomischer Jahresbericht containing bibliographic entries for all literature of astronomy from 1899 to 1968 and Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts from 1969 to present. Commercial services such as UnCover and FirstSearch provide a means of reaching bibliographic entries for journal and book literature in the history of astronomy which were not easily located in the past. A broad overview of these collections and services will be given, and searching techniques for finding ``hidden" bibliographic data will be presented. Web page addresses will be given for all sources covered.

Pathophysiological effects of RhoA and Rho-associated kinase on cardiovascular system.

PubMed

Cai, Anping; Li, Liwen; Zhou, Yingling

2016-01-01

In past decades, growing evidence from basic and clinical researches reveal that small guanosine triphosphate binding protein ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA) and its main effector Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) play central and complex roles in cardiovascular systems, and increasing RhoA and ROCK activity is associated with a broad range of cardiovascular diseases such as congestive heart failure, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. Favorable outcomes have been observed with ROCK inhibitors treatment. In this review, we briefly summarize the pathophysiological roles of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway on cardiovascular system, displaying the potential benefits in the cardiovascular system with controlling RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway.

Determination of In-Situ Stresses Around Underground Excavations by Means of Hydraulic Fracturing

DTIC Science & Technology

inhomogeneous, precracked variable rock is suitable for hydraulic fracturing as a method of in-situ stress measurement. It was found that basically the Coeur...d’Alene quartzite is amenable to hydraulic fracturing testing. The rock has no consistent anisotropy, but is inhomogeneous with physical property...horizontal stress notwithstanding rock condition. Field stress measurements in the Coeur d’Alene mines using the hydraulic fracturing technique are recommended.

Volcanoes on the Beach?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kleinert, Katrin

2009-01-01

How could a rock formed by volcanic activity get to this shoreline, surrounded by sedimentary rocks? That was the question a group of third-grade students asked--and answered--during an inquiry-based summer camp. Over a two week timeframe, the students practiced basic inquiry skills such as observing; measuring; describing and drawing; sharing…

Beyond basic citation—What to identify, when, and why

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parsons, M. A.

2015-12-01

Persistent identifiers (and locators) have emerged as a critical component in designing and implementing information systems and networks. This is especially evident in the use of the Digital Object Identifier in association with formal bibliographic citation of literature and increasingly of data sets. Indeed, the principles and methods of data citation have been a hot topic in the informatics community over the last decade or so. To date the focus has typically been on closely linking data sets to associated literature and generally emulating bibliographic-style citation. To design a sustainable, trusted data infrastructure, however, requires us to unambiguously reference many things in many ways, be they data, software, instruments, methods, or people. Design of this infrastructure also requires us to consider the entire data lifecycle and when important elements come into play and need to be identified. This paper will advocate an "ecological" model of data sharing that takes a more holistic perspective than many traditional data publication approaches. It will explore a variety of use cases around what elements of an information ecosystem need to be unambiguously identified and located, at what point in the data production process, and to what explicit purpose.

Bibliographic Research and the Love of Learning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weiskel, Timothy C.

1985-01-01

Discusses the design and several applications of the computer program, BIBLIO-File. Designed primarily for interactive bibliographic instruction and research, this program allows users to enter, sort, index, search, and print annotated bibliographic information. (MBR)

The Strategic Environment Assessment bibliographic network: A quantitative literature review analysis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Caschili, Simone, E-mail: s.caschili@ucl.ac.uk; De Montis, Andrea; Ganciu, Amedeo

2014-07-01

Academic literature has been continuously growing at such a pace that it can be difficult to follow the progression of scientific achievements; hence, the need to dispose of quantitative knowledge support systems to analyze the literature of a subject. In this article we utilize network analysis tools to build a literature review of scientific documents published in the multidisciplinary field of Strategic Environment Assessment (SEA). The proposed approach helps researchers to build unbiased and comprehensive literature reviews. We collect information on 7662 SEA publications and build the SEA Bibliographic Network (SEABN) employing the basic idea that two publications are interconnectedmore » if one cites the other. We apply network analysis at macroscopic (network architecture), mesoscopic (sub graph) and microscopic levels (node) in order to i) verify what network structure characterizes the SEA literature, ii) identify the authors, disciplines and journals that are contributing to the international discussion on SEA, and iii) scrutinize the most cited and important publications in the field. Results show that the SEA is a multidisciplinary subject; the SEABN belongs to the class of real small world networks with a dominance of publications in Environmental studies over a total of 12 scientific sectors. Christopher Wood, Olivia Bina, Matthew Cashmore, and Andrew Jordan are found to be the leading authors while Environmental Impact Assessment Review is by far the scientific journal with the highest number of publications in SEA studies. - Highlights: • We utilize network analysis to analyze scientific documents in the SEA field. • We build the SEA Bibliographic Network (SEABN) of 7662 publications. • We apply network analysis at macroscopic, mesoscopic and microscopic network levels. • We identify SEABN architecture, relevant publications, authors, subjects and journals.« less

Cortlandtitic enclaves associated with calc-alkaline granites from Tapia-Asturias (Hercynian Belt, northwestern Spain)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Galán, G.; Suárez, O.

1989-10-01

Petrographic and mineralogical characteristics of amphibole-olivine- and pyroxene-bearing ultramafic rocks from Asturias (NW Spain) are dealt with in this paper. These rocks are of cortlandtitic type and occur as small rare enclaves in basic rocks related to Hercynian calc-alkaline, post-tectonic epizonal granites, in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. These particular ultramafic enclaves are characterized by poikilitic cumulate microtexture. Olivine (Fo 77-81), spinel, from chromite to pleonaste composition, enstatite, subordinated diopside and sulphides are included in large brown calcic amphibole crystals displaying an irregular zonation. Phlogopite and plagioclase are also found, in a much lower proportion, between the large amphibole crystals. Mineral assemblage and chemical composition of minerals indicate formation conditions of 1150°C, 7-8 kbar of Ptotal and PH 2O < Ptotal. These rocks could represent the earlier products of fractional crystallization from a hydrated high-alumina basalt involved in the genesis of the calc-alkaline granites. This basic magma would start crystallizing at a relatively deep level, carrying up the first products of its crystallization during its ascent.

A basic list of recommended books and journals for support of clinical dentistry in a nondental library.

PubMed Central

Johnson, R C; Mason, F O; Sims, R H

1997-01-01

A basic list of 133 book and journal titles in dentistry is presented. The list is intended as a bibliographic selection tool for those libraries and health institutions that support clinical dentistry programs and services in the nondental school environment in the United States and Canada. The book and journal titles were selected by the membership of the Dental Section of the Medical Library Association (MLA). The Dental Section membership represents dental and other health sciences libraries and dental research institutions from the United States and Canada, as well as from other countries. The list was compiled and edited by the Ad Hoc Publications Committee of the Dental Section of MLA. The final list was reviewed and subsequently was approved for publication and distribution by the Dental Section of MLA during the section's 1996 annual meeting in Kansas City, Missouri. PMID:9285122

Bibliographic Instruction in the 21st Century.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Poirier, Gayle

2000-01-01

Discusses bibliographic instruction in libraries. Topics include a history of bibliographic instruction; the Internet and electronic searching; librarians' use of technology; defining information needs; locating and accessing information, including classification systems and Boolean searching; evaluating information; using and communication…

BOREHOLE FLOWMETERS: FIELD APPLICATION AND DATA ANALYSIS

EPA Science Inventory

This paper reviews application of borehole flowmeters in granular and fractured rocks. Basic data obtained in the field are the ambient flow log and the pumping-induced flow log. These basic logs may then be used to calculate other quantities of interest. The paper describes the ...

On-line access to geoscience bibliographic citations

USGS Publications Warehouse

Wild, Emily C.

2012-01-01

On-line geoscience bibliographic citations and access points to citations are exponentially increasing as commercial, non-profit, and government agencies worldwide publish materials electronically. On-line bibliographic tools capture cited works, and open access content allows for freely obtained citations and documents. For this newsletter, citations from the numerous journals and books listed in the "Recent Papers" section of the EXPLORE newsletters from 2008-2011 were used to provide freely-accessible web sites to determine the availability of bibliographic information.

Bibliography Section. Bibliographic Control Division. Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

Papers on national bibliographies and bibliographic control, which were presented at the 1983 International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) conference, include: (1) "Bibliographic Control of IFLA Publications: Retrospective and Current" by Mona Madsen (Denmark), which outlines types of IFLA documents, existing bibliographies,…

Bibliographic Control at the Crossroads: Do We Get Our Money's Worth?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koel, Ake I.

1981-01-01

Contrasts traditional objectives for library catalogs with current bibliographic control practices to protest the increasing complexity and cost of cataloging. Research is urged to develop more cost-effective bibliographic control procedures and techniques. Eight references are listed. (RAA)

Basic features of waste material storage in underground space in relation to geomechanics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Konecny, P.

1994-12-31

It is logical to consider utilizing underground cavities for waste material disposal because, during mining, great volumes of rock materials are extracted, and underground hollow areas and communicating workings are created that can, in general, be utilized for waste disposal. Additionally, in many cases, underground waste disposal favorably supports mining process technology (for instance, application of power plant fly ash and preparation plant tailings as hardened backfill). However, it is necessary to give particular attention to the preparation, operation, and isolation of underground tip areas; errors and, in extreme cases, emergencies in underground tips are generally more difficult to dealmore » with than those in surface tips. A tip place constructed underground becomes part of the rock massif; therefore, all natural laws that rule the rock massif must be respected. Of course, such an approach requires knowledge of processes and natural regularities that will occur in rock strata where tip places have been constructed. Such knowledge is gained through familiarity with contemporary geomechanical science. The paper discusses basic geomechanical principles of underground waste disposal; geomechanical aspects of rock massif evaluation in view of waste material storage in mine workings; and plans for an experimental project for waste disposal in the Dul Ostrava underground mine.« less

IFLA General Conference, 1986. Bibliographic Control Division. Section: Bibliography. Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, The Hague (Netherlands).

Papers on bibliographic control presented at the 1986 International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) conference include: (1) "Bibliographic Interchange/Coordination in Southeast Asia (Huck Tee Lim, Malaysia); (2) "Project for 'Chinese National Bibliography' and Its Progress" (Huang Jungui, China); (3) "Subject…

Task-Driven Dynamic Text Summarization

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Workman, Terri Elizabeth

2011-01-01

The objective of this work is to examine the efficacy of natural language processing (NLP) in summarizing bibliographic text for multiple purposes. Researchers have noted the accelerating growth of bibliographic databases. Information seekers using traditional information retrieval techniques when searching large bibliographic databases are often…

An evaluation of multiband photography for rock discrimination. [sedimentary rocks of Front Range, Colorado

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, K. (Principal Investigator); Raines, G. L.

1974-01-01

The author has identified the following significant results. With the advent of ERTS and Skylab satellites, multiband imagery and photography have become readily available to geologists. The ability of multiband photography to discriminate sedimentary rocks was examined. More than 8600 in situ measurements of band reflectance of the sedimentary rocks of the Front Range, Colorado, were acquired. Statistical analysis of these measurements showed that: (1) measurements from one site can be used at another site 100 miles away; (2) there is basically only one spectral reflectance curve for these rocks, with constant amplitude differences between the curves; and (3) the natural variation is so large that at least 150 measurements per formation are required to select best filters. These conclusions are supported by subjective tests with aerial multiband photography. The designed multiband photography concept for rock discrimination is not a practical method of improving sedimentary rock discrimination capabilities.

Basic Understanding of Earth Tunneling by Melting : Volume 2. Earth Structure and Design Solutions.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1974-07-01

A novel technique, which employs the melting of rocks and soils as a means of excavating or tunneling while simultaneously generating a glass tunnel lining and/or primary support, was studied. The object of the study was to produce a good basic under...

Discovering Semantic Patterns in Bibliographically Coupled Documents.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Qin, Jian

1999-01-01

An example of semantic pattern analysis, based on keywords selected from documents grouped by bibliographical coupling, is used to demonstrate the methodological aspects of knowledge discovery in bibliographic databases. Frequency distribution patterns suggest the existence of a common intellectual base with a wide range of specialties and…

World Wide Thai Bibliographical Control.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pungtrakul, Chirudee

This paper discusses bibliographic control in Thailand. The first section provides background, beginning with the compilation of the "Catalog of the Books of the Royal Vijirajan Library" in 1892; several papers on the history of Thailand's bibliographic control are listed. Recent changes due to the widespread use of information…

IFLA General Conference, 1987. Division of Bibliographic Control. Cataloguing, Classification and Indexing Section. Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

The papers in this compilation focus on cataloging, classification, and indexing: (1) "Bibliographic Relationships in Library Catalogs" (Barbara B. Tillett, United States); (2) "Bibliographic Description: Past, Present, and Future" (Michael Gorman, United States); (3) "The Dewey Decimal Classification Enters the Computer…

Quantifying the Workload of Subject Bibliographers in Collection Development.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Metz, Paul

1991-01-01

Discussion of the role of subject bibliographers in collection development activities focuses on an approach developed at Virginia Polytechnic and State Institute to provide a formula for estimating the collection development workload of subject bibliographers. Workload standards and matrix models of organizational structures are discussed, and…

Petrographic, geochemical and isotopic evidence of crustal assimilation processes in the Ponte Nova alkaline mafic-ultramafic massif, SE Brazil

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Azzone, Rogério Guitarrari; Montecinos Munoz, Patricio; Enrich, Gaston Eduardo Rojas; Alves, Adriana; Ruberti, Excelso; Gomes, Celsode Barros

2016-09-01

Crustal assimilation plus crystal fractionation processes of different basanite magma batches control the evolution of the Ponte Nova cretaceous alkaline mafic-ultramafic massif in SE Brazil. This massif is composed of several intrusions, the main ones with a cumulate character. Disequilibrium features in the early-crystallized phases (e.g., corrosion and sieve textures in cores of clinopyroxene crystals, spongy-cellular-textured plagioclase crystals, gulf corrosion texture in olivine crystals) and classical hybridization textures (e.g., blade biotite and acicular apatite crystals) provide strong evidence of open-system behavior. All samples are olivine- and nepheline-normative rocks with basic-ultrabasic and potassic characters and variable incompatible element enrichments. The wide ranges of whole-rock 87Sr/86Sri and 143Nd/144Ndi ratios (0.70432-0.70641 and 0.512216-0.512555, respectively) are indicative of crustal contribution from the Precambrian basement host rocks. Plagioclase and apatite 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.70422-0.70927) obtained for the most primitive samples of each intrusion indicate disequilibrium conditions from early- to principal-crystallization stages. Isotope mixing-model curves between the least contaminated alkaline basic magma and heterogeneous local crustal components indicate that each intrusion of the massif is differentiated from the others by varied degrees of crustal contribution. The primary mechanisms of crustal contribution to the Ponte Nova massif involve the assimilation of host rock xenoliths during the development of the chamber environment and the assimilation of partial melts from the surrounding host rocks. Thermodynamic models using the melts algorithm indicate that parental alkaline basic magmas can be strongly affected by contamination processes subsequently to their initial stages of crystallization when there is sufficient energy to assimilate partial melts of crustal host rocks. The assimilation processes are considered to be responsible for the increse in the K2O/Na2O, Ba/Sr and Rb/Sr ratios. This enrichment was associated with the relevant role of biotite breakdown in the assimilated host rock partial melts. The petrological model for the Ponte Nova massif is explained as repeated influxes of antecryst-laden basanite magmas that deposited most of their suspended crystals on the floor of the upper-crust magma chamber. Each intrusion is representative of relatively primitive olivine- and clinopyroxene-phyric basanites that had assimilated different degrees of partial melts of heterogeneous host rocks. This study reveals the relevant role of crustal assimilation processes in the magmatic evolution of nepheline-normative rocks, especially in upper-crust chamber environments.

Bibliographic Instruction, Vermont Libraries. A Directory of Programs and Methods.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson State Coll., VT.

Compiled from survey forms distributed to bibliographic instruction librarians in academic and special libraries in the spring of 1987, this directory includes information on the bibliographic instruction programs and methods of 17 Vermont universities and colleges listed according to the following metropolitan areas: (1) Bennington (Southern…

Urban Studies: A Study of Bibliographic Access and Control.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderson, Barbara E.

This paper analyzes: (1) the bibliographic access to publications in urban studies via printed secondary sources; (2) development and scope of classification systems and of vocabulary control for urban studies; and (3) currently accessible automated collections of bibliographic citations. Urban studies is defined as "an agglomeration of…

Evaluation of Bibliographic Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hardesty, Larry

Arguing that there is a current tendency among librarians to talk more about the evaluation of bibliographic instruction than to actually do anything about it, this paper examines limitations of and considerations pertaining to evaluation and includes: (1) a brief discussion of the history of bibliographic instruction; (2) discussion of types of…

SABRE--A Novel Software Tool for Bibliographic Post-Processing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burge, Cecil D.

1989-01-01

Describes the software architecture and application of SABRE (Semi-Automated Bibliographic Environment), which is one of the first products to provide a semi-automatic environment for relevancy ranking of citations obtained from searches of bibliographic databases. Features designed to meet the review, categorization, culling, and reporting needs…

A Comparison of Pricing Strategies for Bibliographical Databases on CDROM and Equivalent Printed Products.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rowley, Jennifer; Butcher, David

1994-01-01

Considers comparative prices for bibliographic data on CD-ROM and in print. Topics addressed include differences in the nature of bibliographic data in the two media, the relative complexities of pricing structure, varying policies on network pricing, and standardization of the licensing arrangement. (KRN)

Reference and Bibliographic Instruction: A Survey of Philosophy Statements in LIBRAS Libraries.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keith, Ellen; Kohut, Dave

1998-01-01

A survey of statements of philosophy on reference and bibliographic instruction from libraries in small, Chicago area liberal arts colleges and universities revealed a wide variety of relationships between the two services. The study concluded that most of the libraries surveyed compartmentalized reference and bibliographic instruction. (PEN)

International Symposium on Information Technology: Standards for Bibliographic Control (Bangkok, Thailand, September 4-8, 1989).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thammasat Univ., Bangkok (Thailand). Univ. Libraries.

This document which covers the proceedings of the 1989 International Symposium on Information Technology, begins with several opening ceremony messages and includes the following papers: (1) "Reflections on International Bibliographic Standards" (Winston D. Roberts); (2) "Bibliographic Control from the User's Perspective" (Ruth…

ARL Statement on Unlimited Use and Exchange of Bibliographic Records.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Association of Research Libraries, Washington, DC.

The Association of Research Libraries is fully committed to the principle of unrestricted access to and dissemination of ideas, i.e., member libraries must have unlimited access to the machine-readable bibliographic records which are created by member libraries and maintained in bibliographic utilities. Coordinated collection development programs…

Database Management Systems: New Homes for Migrating Bibliographic Records.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brooks, Terrence A.; Bierbaum, Esther G.

1987-01-01

Assesses bibliographic databases as part of visionary text systems such as hypertext and scholars' workstations. Downloading is discussed in terms of the capability to search records and to maintain unique bibliographic descriptions, and relational database management systems, file managers, and text databases are reviewed as possible hosts for…

Searching Harvard Business Review Online. . . Lessons in Searching a Full Text Database.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tenopir, Carol

1985-01-01

This article examines the Harvard Business Review Online (HBRO) database (bibliographic description fields, abstracts, extracted information, full text, subject descriptors) and reports on 31 sample HBRO searches conducted in Bibliographic Retrieval Services to test differences between searching full text and searching bibliographic record. Sample…

The Bibliographical Control of Early Books.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cameron, William J.

Examples are given of the kinds of machine-readable data bases that should be developed in order to extend attempts at universal bibliographical control into neglected areas, the results of which can be used by researchers in the humanities, specifically those using books printed before 1801. The principles of bibliographical description,…

On nutrients and trace metals: Effects from Enhanced Weathering

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Amann, T.; Hartmann, J.

2015-12-01

The application of rock flour on suitable land ("Enhanced Weathering") is one proposed strategy to reduce the increase of atmospheric CO2 concentrations. At the same time it is an old and established method to add fertiliser and influence soil properties. Investigations of this method focused on the impact on the carbonate system, as well as on engineering aspects of a large-scale application, but potential side effects were never discussed quantitatively. We analysed about 120,000 geochemically characterised volcanic rock samples from the literature. Applying basic statistics, theoretical release rates of nutrients and potential contaminants by Enhanced Weathering were evaluated for typical rock types. Applied rock material can contain significant amounts of essential or beneficial nutrients (potassium, phosphorus, micronutrients). Their release can partly cover the demand of major crops like wheat, rice or corn, thereby increasing crop yield on degraded soils. However, the concentrations of considered elements are variable within a specific rock type, depending on the geological setting. High heavy metal concentrations are found in (ultra-) basic rocks, the class with the highest CO2 drawdown potential. More acidic rocks contain less or no critical amounts, but sequester less CO2. Findings show that the rock selection determines the capability to supply significant amounts of nutrients, which could partly substitute industrial mineral fertiliser usage. At the same time, the release of harmful trace element has to be considered. Through careful selection of regionally available rocks, benefits could be maximised and drawbacks reduced. The deployment of Enhanced Weathering to sequester CO2 and to ameliorate soils necessitates an ecosystem management, considering the release and fate of weathered elements in plants, soils and water. Cropland with degraded soils would benefit while having a net negative CO2 effect, while other carbon dioxide removal strategies, like afforestation, biofuel production, and biochar application could benefit from Enhanced Weathering side effects, as organic carbon pools are positively influenced.

Crossroads: A K-16 American History Curriculum. Bibliographic Essay. [Part One--II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bernstein, Richard B.

This bibliographic essay supports a K-16 history curriculum called "Crossroads," which is chronologically organized into 12 historical periods. The bibliographic essay presents authoritative and accessible thematic treatments of U.S. history and scholarship for each period. Paperback books are indicated by an asterisk. Following a preface and a…

Functional and Software Considerations for Bibliographic Data Base Utilization.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cadwallader, Gouverneur

This is the fourth in a series of eight reports of a research study for the National Agricultural Library (NAL) on the effective utilization of bibliographic data bases in machine-readable form. It describes the general functional and software requirements of an NAL system using external sources of bibliographic data. Various system design…

What Is FRBR? A Conceptual Model for the Bibliographic Universe

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tillett, Barbara

2005-01-01

From 1992 to 1995 the IFLA Study Group on Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) developed an entity relationship model as a generalised view of the bibliographic universe, intended to be independent of any cataloguing code or implementation. The FRBR report itself includes a description of the conceptual model (the entities,…

The Australian National Bibliographic Database and the Functional Requirements for the Bibliographic Database (FRBR)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rajapatirana, Bemal; Missingham, Roxanne

2005-01-01

The development of the conceptual "Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records" (FRBR) Model enables records to be considered in terms of contextual relationships. Developments in software can capitalise on this to significantly improve the display of works through surfacing of these relationships. This paper reports on an investigation of…

A UNIMARC Bibliographic Format Database for ABCD

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Megnigbeto, Eustache

2012-01-01

Purpose: ABCD is a web-based open and free software suite for library management derived from the UNESCO CDS/ISIS software technology. The first version was launched officially in December 2009 with a MARC 21 bibliographic format database. This paper aims to detail the building of the UNIMARC bibliographic format database for ABCD.…

Academic Library Resource Sharing through Bibliographic Utility Program Participation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trochim, Mary Kane

Information on the growth of bibliographic utilities and academic library networking is presented in this report, as well as profiles of interlibrary loan activity at six academic libraries who are members of a major bibliographic utility. Applications of computer technology and network participation in academic libraries, and the major events in…

Academic Library Resource Sharing through Bibliographic Utility Program Participation. Executive Summary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trochim, Mary Kane

This summary briefly outlines a separate report containing information on the growth of bibliographic utilities and academic library networking, as well as profiles of interlibrary loan activity at six academic libraries who are members or users of a major bibliographic utility. Applications of computer technology and network participation in…

Reflections on International Bibliographic Standards.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roberts, W.

This paper raises questions about many bibliographic standards developed over the past 20 years, and challenges librarians to consider how standards might evolve. A brief overview is given of the aims of Universal Bibliographic Control (UBC) and to some assumptions common to much standardization work in recent years inspired by the concept of UBC.…

Ore-forming adakitic porphyry produced by fractional crystallization of oxidized basaltic magmas in a subcrustal chamber (Jiamate, East Junggar, NW China)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hong, Tao; Xu, Xing-Wang; Gao, Jun; Peters, Stephen G.; Zhang, Di; Jielili, Reyaniguli; Xiang, Peng; Li, Hao; Wu, Chu; You, Jun; Liu, Jie; Ke, Qiang

2018-01-01

Adakitic intrusions are supposed to have a close genetic and spatial relationship to porphyry Cu deposits. However, the genesis of adakitic intrusions is still under dispute. Here, we describe newly discovered intrusive complex rocks, which are composed of ore-bearing, layered magnetite-bearing gabbroic and adakitic rocks in Jiamate, East Junggar, NW China. These Jiamate Complex intrusions have diagnostic petrologic, geochronologic and geochemical signatures that indicate they were all generated from the same oxidized precursor magma source. Additionally, these layered rocks underwent the same fractional crystallization process as the ore-bearing adakitic rocks in the adjacent Kalaxiangar Porphyry Cu Belt (KPCB) in an oceanic island arc (OIA) setting. The rocks studied for this paper include layered magnetite-bearing gabbroic intrusive rocks that contain: (1) gradual contact changes between lithological units of mafic and intermediate rocks, (2) geochemical signatures that are the same as those found in oceanic island arc (OIA) rocks, (3) typical adakitic geochemistry, and (4) similar characteristics and apparent fractional crystallization relationships of ultra-basic to basic rocks to those in the nearby Beitashan Formation and to ore-bearing adakitic rocks in the KPCB. They also display similar zircon U-Pb and zircon Hf model ages. The Jiamate Complex intrusions contain intergrowths of magnetite and layered gabbro, and the intermediate-acidic intrusions of the Complex display typical adakitic affinities. Moreover, in conjunction with previously published geochronological and geochemistry data of the mafic rocks in the Beitashan Formation and in the KPCB area, additional data generated for the Jiamate Complex intrusions rocks indicate that they were formed from fractional crystallization processes. The Jiamate Complex intrusions most likely were derived from a metasomatized mantle wedge that was underplated at the root of the Saur oceanic island arc (Saur OIA). The ore-bearing adakitic intrusions in the KPCB and the adakitic Jiamate Complex intrusions were both probably generated from the same basaltic parental magmas through fractional crystallization. In addition, characteristics of the layered, magnetite-bearing, oxidized, basaltic Jiamate Complex intrusive rocks indicate that they are likely to be the parental arc magmas for the nearby porphyry Cu deposits. This conclusion is based on new interpretations of the regional and local geology, on interpretation of new geochemical analysis, new stable isotope analysis, new geothermobarometry, and new zircon age dating as well as other techniques and interpretations.

Ore-forming adakitic porphyry produced by fractional crystallization of oxidized basaltic magmas in a subcrustal chamber (Jiamate, East Junggar, NW China)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hong, Tao; Xu, Xing-Wang; Gao, Jun; Peters, Stephen; Zhang, Di; Jielili, Reyaniguli; Xiang, Peng; Li, Hao; Wu, Chu; You, Jun; Liu, Jie; Ke, Qiang

2018-01-01

Adakitic intrusions are supposed to have a close genetic and spatial relationship to porphyry Cu deposits. However, the genesis of adakitic intrusions is still under dispute. Here, we describe newly discovered intrusive complex rocks, which are composed of ore-bearing, layered magnetite-bearing gabbroic and adakitic rocks in Jiamate, East Junggar, NW China. These Jiamate Complex intrusions have diagnostic petrologic, geochronologic and geochemical signatures that indicate they were all generated from the same oxidized precursor magma source. Additionally, these layered rocks underwent the same fractional crystallization process as the ore-bearing adakitic rocks in the adjacent Kalaxiangar Porphyry Cu Belt (KPCB) in an oceanic island arc (OIA) setting. The rocks studied for this paper include layered magnetite-bearing gabbroic intrusive rocks that contain: (1) gradual contact changes between lithological units of mafic and intermediate rocks, (2) geochemical signatures that are the same as those found in oceanic island arc (OIA) rocks, (3) typical adakitic geochemistry, and (4) similar characteristics and apparent fractional crystallization relationships of ultra-basic to basic rocks to those in the nearby Beitashan Formation and to ore-bearing adakitic rocks in the KPCB. They also display similar zircon U-Pb and zircon Hf model ages.The Jiamate Complex intrusions contain intergrowths of magnetite and layered gabbro, and the intermediate-acidic intrusions of the Complex display typical adakitic affinities. Moreover, in conjunction with previously published geochronological and geochemistry data of the mafic rocks in the Beitashan Formation and in the KPCB area, additional data generated for the Jiamate Complex intrusions rocks indicate that they were formed from fractional crystallization processes. The Jiamate Complex intrusions most likely were derived from a metasomatized mantle wedge that was underplated at the root of the Saur oceanic island arc (Saur OIA). The ore-bearing adakitic intrusions in the KPCB and the adakitic Jiamate Complex intrusions were both probably generated from the same basaltic parental magmas through fractional crystallization. In addition, characteristics of the layered, magnetite-bearing, oxidized, basaltic Jiamate Complex intrusive rocks indicate that they are likely to be the parental arc magmas for the nearby porphyry Cu deposits. This conclusion is based on new interpretations of the regional and local geology, on interpretation of new geochemical analysis, new stable isotope analysis, new geothermobarometry, and new zircon age dating as well as other techniques and interpretations.

Laser-Mechanical Drilling for Geothermal Energy: Low-Contact Drilling Technology to Enable Economical EGS Wells

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

2010-01-15

Broad Funding Opportunity Announcement Project: Foro Energy is developing a unique capability and hardware system to transmit high power lasers over long distances via fiber optic cables. This laser power is integrated with a mechanical drilling bit to enable rapid and sustained penetration of hard rock formations too costly to drill with mechanical drilling bits alone. The laser energy that is directed at the rock basically softens the rock, allowing the mechanical bit to more easily remove it. Foro Energy’s laser-assisted drill bits have the potential to be up to 10 times more economical than conventional hard-rock drilling technologies, makingmore » them an effective way to access the U.S. energy resources currently locked under hard rock formations.« less

Energy science and technology database (on the internet). Online data

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

The Energy Science and Technology Database (EDB) is a multidisciplinary file containing worldwide references to basic and applied scientific and technical research literature. The information is collected for use by government managers, researchers at the national laboratories, and other research efforts sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, and the results of this research are transferred to the public. Abstracts are included for records from 1976 to the present. The EDB also contains the Nuclear Science Abstracts which is a comprehensive abstract and index collection to the international nuclear science and technology literature for the period 1948 through 1976. Includedmore » are scientific and technical reports of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration and its contractors, other agencies, universities, and industrial and research organizations. Approximately 25% of the records in the file contain abstracts. Nuclear Science Abstracts contains over 900,000 bibliographic records. The entire Energy Science and Technology Database contains over 3 million bibliographic records. This database is now available for searching through the GOV. Research-Center (GRC) service. GRC is a single online web-based search service to well known Government databases. Featuring powerful search and retrieval software, GRC is an important research tool. The GRC web site is at http://grc.ntis.gov.« less

Relationship between Surface Modifications of Nanoparticle and Invasion into Suspension Cells

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Matsui, Y.; Sakai, N.; Tsuda, A.; Yoneda, M.

2011-07-01

Nanomaterials have a variety of properties for each material. There is little information available on which kinds of material properties have effects on toxicity and kinetics. This paper presents that a relationship between material properties and hazard data by undertaking a bibliographical survey at first. With respect to cytotoxicity, it probably depends mainly on the particle volume dose and to a certain degree on particle solubility. It can be concluded from these results that there is a relationship between material properties and hazard data. Many activities involving nano risk are occurring all over the world. Secondly, we assayed actually for cellular uptake of three kinds of Quantum dots (15 nm, 5.5×1012 particles/ml) to demonstrate our result of bibliographical survey. Three different surface modification quantum dots (non-modification, -COOH, -NH3) were mixed with floating Jurkat cells in each. After thirty minute, we washed these cells three times and detected fluorescence by flow cytometer. Almost all the carboxylate particles invaded a cell, about 60% aminated them also invaded and few non-modification particles were taken up. Nanomaterials are often very broadly categorized and named based upon their basic material composition or product shape. Our results confirm that we have to examine which physical-chemical properties affect some adverse effects for each nanomaterial.

Seismic Hazard Assessment for the Baku City and Absheron Peninsula, Azerbaijan

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Babayev, Gulam R.

2006-03-23

This paper deals with the seismic hazard assessment for Baku and the Absheron peninsula. The assessment is based on the information on the features of earthquake ground motion excitation, seismic wave propagation (attenuation), and site effect. I analyze active faults, seismicity, soil and rock properties, geological cross-sections, the borehole data of measured shear-wave velocity, lithology, amplification factor of each geological unit, geomorphology, topography, and basic rock and surface ground motions. To estimate peak ground acceleration (PGA) at the surface, PGA at the basic rock is multiplied by the amplification parameter of each surface layers. Quaternary soft deposits, representing a highmore » risk due to increasing PGA values at surface, are studied in detail. For a near-zone target earthquake PGA values are compared to intensity at MSK-64 scale for the Absheron peninsula. The amplification factor for the Baku city is assessed and provides estimations for a level of a seismic motion and seismic intensity of the studied area.« less

A Critical Analysis of SocINDEX and Sociological Abstracts Using an Evaluation Method for the Practicing Bibliographer

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mellone, James T.

2010-01-01

This study provides a database evaluation method for the practicing bibliographer that is more than a brief review yet less than a controlled experiment. The author establishes evaluation criteria in the context of the bibliographic instruction provided to meet the research requirements of undergraduate sociology majors at Queens College, City…

Bibliographical Work in New Zealand, 1980-1982. Work in Progress and Work Published.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Millett, A. P. U., Comp.; Cole, F. T. H., Comp.

Formerly published as an irregular feature of New Zealand Libraries, these three annual bibliographies (1980, 1981, 1982) list bibliographical work in progress, as well as enumerative and subject bibliographies published in New Zealand from July 1977 to June 1982. It is noted that bibliographical work in progress is compiled from an annual…

Next-Generation Bibliographic Manager: An Interview with Trevor Owens

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morrison, James L.; Owens, Trevor

2008-01-01

James Morrison's interview with Trevor Owens explores Zotero, a free, open-source bibliographic tool that works as a Firefox plug-in. Previous bibliographic software, such as EndNote or Refworks, worked either online or offline to collect references and citations. Zotero leverages the power of the browser to allow users to work either online or…

The Context of Bibliographic Instruction: An Analysis of the Journal Literature.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nelson, James A.

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which environmental factors pertinent to bibliographic instruction are represented in the library literature and to determine any changes in the female to male ratio of authors that may have occurred over time. In 1990 the Bibliographic Instruction Section (BIS) of the Association of College…

[Title, abstract and keywords: essential issues in medical bibliographic research].

PubMed

Bonciu, Carmen

2005-01-01

Medical information, conveyed either by books, journal articles, conference and congress papers or posters, represents the product, the result of the medical research. Note that the informational cycle can be shown schematically as Bibliographic information --> Medical research --> Research results --> Bibliographic information. The result of the scientific research (articles, posters, etc.) re-enters the informational cycle, as bibliographic information for a new medical research. The bibliographic research is still a time, and effort consuming activity, despite the explosive growth of information technology. It requires specific medical, information technology and bibliographic knowledge. The present work aims to emphasize the importance of title, keywords and abstract terms selection, to article writing and publication in medical journals, and the proper choice of meta-information in web pages. The bibliographic research was made using two databases with English language information about articles from international medical journals: MEDLINE (PUBMED) and PROQUEST MEDICAL LIBRARY. The results were compared with GOOGLE and YAHOO search. These searching engines are common now in all types of Internet users (including researchers, librarians, etc.). It is essential for the researchers to know the article registration mechanism in a database and the modalities of bibliographic investigation of online databases, so that the title, keyword and abstract terms are selected properly. The use of words not related to the subject, in title, keywords or abstract, results in ambiguities. The writing and the translation of scientific words must also be accurate, mainly when article authors are non-native English speakers: e.g., chimiotherapy (sic)--20 articles in Medline, 270 articles in Google; morphopathology (sic)-- 78 articles in Medline, and 294 in Google; morphopatology (sic)--2 articles in Medline, and 12 articles in Google.

Assessments of Potential Rock Coatings at Rocknest, Gale Crater with ChemCam

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Blaney, D. L.; Anderson, R.; Berger, G.; Bridges, J.; Bridges, N.; Clark, B.; Clegg, S.; Ehlman, B.; Goetz, W.; King, P.;

The facts on file. Dictionary of geology and geophysics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lapidus, D.F.; Coates, D.R.

1987-01-01

This reference to the basic vocabulary of geology and geophysics has more than 3,000 clear and concise entries defining the entire range of geological phenomena. This book covers such areas as types of rocks and rock formations, deformation processes such as erosion and plate tectonics, volcanoes, glaciers and their effects on topography, geodesy and survey methods, earthquakes and seismology, fuels and mineral deposits.

Rock deformation equations and application to the study on slantingly installed disc cutter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Zhao-Huang; Meng, Liang; Sun, Fei

2014-08-01

At present the mechanical model of the interaction between a disc cutter and rock mainly concerns indentation experiment, linear cutting experiment and tunnel boring machine (TBM) on-site data. This is not in line with the actual rock-breaking movement of the disc cutter and impedes to some extent the research on the rock-breaking mechanism, wear mechanism and design theory. Therefore, our study focuses on the interaction between the slantingly installed disc cutter and rock, developing a model in accordance with the actual rock-breaking movement. Displacement equations are established through an analysis of the velocity vector at the rock-breaking point of the disc cutter blade; the functional relationship between the displacement parameters at the rock-breaking point and its rectangular coordinates is established through an analysis of micro-displacement vectors at the rock-breaking point, thus leading to the geometric equations of rock deformation caused by the slantingly installed disc cutter. Considering the basically linear relationship between the cutting force of disc cutters and the rock deformation before and after the leap break of rock, we express the constitutive relations of rock deformation as generalized Hooke's law and analyze the effect of the slanting installation angle of disc cutters on the rock-breaking force. This will, as we hope, make groundbreaking contributions to the development of the design theory and installation practice of TBM.

International Federation of Library Associations Annual Conference Papers. Bibliographic Control Division: Bibliography and Cataloguing Sections (47th, Leipzig, East Germany, August 17-22, 1981).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vita, Susan H.; And Others

This set of papers delivered to the Bibliographic Control Division of the International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) during its 47th annual conference (1981) includes: "Cataloging in Publication in the United States--Problems and Prospects," by Susan H. Vita; "Development and Coordination of Bibliographic Activities:…

The Use of AJAX in Searching a Bibliographic Database: A Case Study of the Italian Biblioteche Oggi Database

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cavaleri, Piero

2008-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe the use of AJAX for searching the Biblioteche Oggi database of bibliographic records. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is a demonstration of how bibliographic database single page interfaces allow the implementation of more user-friendly features for social and collaborative tasks. Findings:…

[Human bartonellosis: before and after Daniel Alcides Carrion].

PubMed

Takano Morón, Juan

2014-04-01

This is a review of bibliographic aspects associated to the knowledge about human bartonelosis before and after the death of Daniel Alcides Carrion. Emphasis is placed on stimulus in the development of medical research in Peru by the self-inoculation and subsequent death of Carrion especially in relation to human bartonellosis, conducted by Peruvian researchers and others around the world. The review includes the basic area of knowledge about the bacteria that causes the illness, the host response to infection as well as the biphasic behavior of the disease. The revised bibliography includes contributions to the knowledge of the disease in the last 100 years, now known with the eponym "Carrion's disease".

Ownership of Machine-Readable Bibliographic Data. Canadian Network Papers Number 5 = Propriete des Donnees Bibliographique Lisibles par Machine. Documents sur les Resaux Canadiens Numero 5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duchesne, R. M.; And Others

Because of data ownership questions raised by the interchange and sharing of machine readable bibliographic data, this paper was prepared for the Bibliographic and Communications Network Committee of the National Library Advisory Board. Background information and definitions are followed by a review of the legal aspects relating to property and…

The Linked System Project : a network interconnection project between three major bibliographic utilities and LC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kurihara, Shin'ichi

The Linked Systems Project (LSP) is the first network project based on the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) in the world. The purpose of the project is to interconnect between three major bibliographic utilities and LC, and to perform as one system on the whole. The first application developed for the LSP is the sharing of name authority data based on the Name Authority Cooperative (NACO) Project. In 1985, LC began to send name authority records to RLG/RLIN. Since 1987, RLG/RLIN and OCLC send name authority records to LC. Bibliographic records will be sent mutually between three major bibliographic utilities and LC near future.

Bibliography for acid-rock drainage and selected acid-mine drainage issues related to acid-rock drainage from transportation activities

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bradley, Michael W.; Worland, Scott C.

2015-01-01

Acid-rock drainage occurs through the interaction of rainfall on pyrite-bearing formations. When pyrite (FeS2) is exposed to oxygen and water in mine workings or roadcuts, the mineral decomposes and sulfur may react to form sulfuric acid, which often results in environmental problems and potential damage to the transportation infrastructure. The accelerated oxidation of pyrite and other sulfidic minerals generates low pH water with potentially high concentrations of trace metals. Much attention has been given to contamination arising from acid mine drainage, but studies related to acid-rock drainage from road construction are relatively limited. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Transportation, is conducting an investigation to evaluate the occurrence and processes controlling acid-rock drainage and contaminant transport from roadcuts in Tennessee. The basic components of acid-rock drainage resulting from transportation activities are described and a bibliography, organized by relevant categories (remediation, geochemical, microbial, biological impact, and secondary mineralization) is presented.

Practical example of the infrastructure protection against rock fall

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jirásko, Daniel; Vaníček, Ivan

2017-09-01

The protection of transport infrastructures against rock falls represents for the Czech Republic one of the sensitive questions. Rock falls, similarly as other typical geo-hazards for the Czech Republic, as landslides and floods, can have negative impact on safety and security of these infrastructures. One practical example how to reduce risk of rock fall is described in the paper. Great care is devoted to the visual inspection enabling to indicate places with high potential to failure. With the help of numerical modelling the range of rock fall negative impact is estimated. Protection measures are dealing with two basic ways. The first one utilize the results of numerical modelling for the optimal design of protection measures and the second one is focused on the monitoring of the rock blocks with high potential of instability together with wire-less transfer of measured results. After quick evaluation, e.g. comparison with warning values, some protection measures, mostly connected with closure of the potential sector, can be recommended.

Building the 3D Geological Model of Wall Rock of Salt Caverns Based on Integration Method of Multi-source data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yongzhi, WANG; hui, WANG; Lixia, LIAO; Dongsen, LI

2017-02-01

In order to analyse the geological characteristics of salt rock and stability of salt caverns, rough three-dimensional (3D) models of salt rock stratum and the 3D models of salt caverns on study areas are built by 3D GIS spatial modeling technique. During implementing, multi-source data, such as basic geographic data, DEM, geological plane map, geological section map, engineering geological data, and sonar data are used. In this study, the 3D spatial analyzing and calculation methods, such as 3D GIS intersection detection method in three-dimensional space, Boolean operations between three-dimensional space entities, three-dimensional space grid discretization, are used to build 3D models on wall rock of salt caverns. Our methods can provide effective calculation models for numerical simulation and analysis of the creep characteristics of wall rock in salt caverns.

Stabile Chlorine Isotope Study of Martian Shergottites and Nakhlites; Whole Rock and Acid Leachates and Residues

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nakamura, N.; Nyquist, L. E.; Reese, Y.; Shih, C-Y; Fujitani, T.; Okano, O.

2011-01-01

We have established a precise analytical technique for stable chlorine isotope measurements of tiny planetary materials by TIMS (Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry) [1], for which the results are basically consistent with the IRMS tech-nique (gas source mass spectrometry) [2,3,4]. We present here results for Martian shergottites and nakhlites; whole rocks, HNO3-leachates and residues, and discuss the chlorine isotope evolution of planetary Mars.

Thermal model for impact breccia lithification - Manicouagan and the moon

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Simonds, C. H.; Warner, J. L.; Phinney, W. C.; Mcgee, P. E.

1976-01-01

The thermal model of Simonds (1975) is extended to the full spectrum of impact-produced rocks ranging from fragmental breccias to impact melts, with reference to the Manicouagan impact structure in Quebec. This is done by relating the basic textural features of impact-lithified rocks to variations in the mixture of superheated impact-fused material originating near the point of impact and much cooler fragmented debris originating farther from the point of impact.

IFLA General Conference, 1991. Division of Bibliographic Control: Open Forum of Division of Bibliographic Control; Section of Cataloguing; Section of Bibliography; Section of Classification and Indexing. Booklet 4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, The Hague (Netherlands).

The 11 reports and papers in this booklet were presented at meetings of 4 sections within the Division of Bibliographic Control: (1) "Report of the Section on Cataloguing--Review of the Work 1990/1991" (Inger Cathrine Spangen, Norway); (2) "Les fichiers d'autorite auteurs: Rapport d'activite 1990-1991 (Author Authority Lists: Report…

Direct Effects of Atmospheric CO2 Enrichment on Plants and Ecosystems: An Updated Bibliographic Data Base (1980-1994)

DOE Data Explorer

Cushman, R. M. [CDIAC, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (USA); Strain, Boyd R. [Department of Botany, Duke University, Durham, NC (USA); Cure, Jennifer D. [Department of Botany, Duke University, Durham, NC (USA)

1994-06-01

The printed publication provides bibliographic citations and abstracts on recent literature concerning the direct effects of elevated atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) on plants and ecosystems. The report is an update to Direct Effects of Atmospheric CO{sub 2} Enrichment on Plants and Ecosystems: A Bibliography with Abstracts (ORNL/CDIC-13), also by Boyd R. Strain and Jennifer D. Cure, which was published in 1986. The updated bibliography provides complete bibliographic citations, abstracts, keywords, and common and scientific plant names for approximately 800 references published between 1980 and 1994 (half the cited references were published in 1990 or later). The data base is available as bibliographic files in several formats.

Deep Fracturing of the Hard Rock Surrounding a Large Underground Cavern Subjected to High Geostress: In Situ Observation and Mechanism Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feng, Xia-Ting; Pei, Shu-Feng; Jiang, Quan; Zhou, Yang-Yi; Li, Shao-Jun; Yao, Zhi-Bin

2017-08-01

Rocks that are far removed from caverns or tunnels peripheries and subjected to high geostress may undergo `deep fracturing'. Deep fracturing of hard rock can cause serious hazards that cause delays and increase the cost of construction of underground caverns with high sidewalls and large spans (especially when subjected to high geostress). To extensively investigate the mechanism responsible for deep fracturing, and the relationship between fracturing and the excavation & support of caverns, this paper presents a basic procedure for making in situ observations on the deep fracturing process in hard rock. The basic procedure involves predicting the stress concentration zones in the surrounding rocks of caverns induced by excavation using geomechanical techniques. Boreholes are then drilled through these stress concentration zones from pre-existing tunnels (such as auxiliary galleries) toward the caverns before its excavation. Continuous observations of the fracturing of the surrounding rocks are performed during excavation using a borehole camera in the boreholes in order to analyze the evolution of the fracturing process. The deep fracturing observed in a large underground cavern (high sidewalls and large span) in southwest China excavated in basalt under high geostress is also discussed. By continuously observing the hard rock surrounding the arch on the upstream side of the cavern during the excavation of the first three layers, it was observed that the fracturing developed into the surrounding rocks with downward excavation of the cavern. Fracturing was found at distances up to 8-9 m from the cavern periphery during the excavation of Layer III. Also, the cracks propagated along pre-existing joints or at the interfaces between quartz porphyry and the rock matrix. The relationship between deep fracturing of the surrounding rocks and the advance of the cavern working faces was analyzed during excavation of Layer Ib. The results indicate that the extent of the stress relief zone is about 7 m if footage of 3 m is adopted for the rate of advance of the cavern faces. An analysis of the effects of the initial geostress and evolving stress concentration on deep fracturing was also made. It could be concluded that the deep fracturing of the rocks in the upstream side of the cavern is caused by the combined effect of the high initial geostress, the transfer of the stress concentration zone toward the deep surrounding rocks, and the occurrence of discontinuities.

Petrogenesis of metamorphosed Paleoproterozoic, arc-related tonalites, granodiorites and coeval basic to intermediate rocks from southernmost Brazil, based on elemental and isotope geochemistry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gregory, Tiago Rafael; Bitencourt, Maria de Fátima; Nardi, Lauro Valentim Stoll; Florisbal, Luana Moreira

2017-04-01

In southern Brazil, three associations of metamorphosed tonalites and granodiorites that are compositionally similar to tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) or adakitic associations have been identified in the Arroio dos Ratos Complex (ARC) Paleoproterozoic magmatism. The metatonalites of Association 1 (A1; 2148 ± 33 Ma) have a well-developed fabric, compatible with strong solid-state deformation. The metatonalites and metagranodiorites of Association 2 (A2; 2150 ± 28 Ma) are intrusive in A1 and have a similar composition, but are less deformed, and their primary structures are partly preserved. Both associations display contemporaneity relations with basic to intermediate magmas. Association 3 (A3; 2077 ± 13 Ma) is represented by tonalitic to granodioritic gneisses, without any associated basic to intermediate magmatism, and its main characteristic is the banding that resulted from strong solid-state deformation. Partial melting features are locally present in A3. The geochemical compositions of the three associations are similar and indicate sources related to a continental magmatic arc environment. The 87Sr/86Sr(i) ratios (between 0.701 and 0.703), positive ƐNd(t) values (+ 1.45 to + 5.19), and TDM ages close to the crystallization ages indicate juvenile sources for the A1 and A2 associations. The A3 rocks have a 87Sr/86Sr(i) ratio of 0.715, an ƐNd(t) value of + 0.47 and a TDM age that is close to the crystallization age, indicating a source composition different from those of the other associations. The Pb isotope ratios of A1 and A2 are similar and compatible with the evolution of mantle and orogen (208Pb/204Pb = 37.3-37.6; 207Pb/204Pb = 15.62-15.65; 206Pb/204Pb = 18.0-18.2). The Pb isotope ratios of A3 differ from A1 and A2, indicating a more Th-poor source (208Pb/204Pb = 37.1; 207Pb/204Pb = 15.64; 206Pb/204Pb = 18.5). The geochemistry of associations A1 and A2 suggests a juvenile source with contamination by crustal material. However, the Sr-Nd-Pb isotope signature of this contaminant is similar to that of the source material that originated these associations. This may be the crust generated in the magmatic arc, which is compatible with the geochronological results. The dataset points to the occurrence of self-cannibalism processes in the generation of the ARC rocks. The similar chemical composition and ƐNd(t) values of A3 relative to A1 and A2 indicate that the A3 source is similar to the one that generated the tonalitic and granodioritic rocks of A1 and A2. However, the slightly lower 208Pb/204Pb, and higher 206Pb/204Pb and 87Sr/86Sr(i) ratios indicate that the A3 association has also the addition of a distinct crustal source. The A3 association high values of the parameter 87Sr/86Sr(i) and its Pb isotope signature indicate a source with high Rb and U, and low Th contents. Such features, and moreover the depletion of HREE combined with TDM values near the igneous age, suggest that the source for A3 may be juvenile arc sediments. The greater degree of crustal contribution, the lack of associated basic to intermediate rocks, and the younger age possibly mark the more mature or late stages of the arc. The major and trace elements, as well as the isotope data obtained in this study suggest that melting of a metasomatized mantle wedge can be the process that generated the ARC basic to intermediate rocks (A1 and A2). The generation of tonalitic and granodioritic rocks with adakitic characteristics (i.e., the depletion of heavy rare earth elements in tonalitic and granodioritic rocks of A1, A2 and A3) may have arisen from the melting of a garnet-rich source or from fractional crystallization of ARC basic to intermediate magmas, which in time increased crustal assimilation under high-pressure conditions. The crustal garnet-rich source could be the basic rocks newly placed at the base of the crust, derived from partial melting of metasomatized mantle. The remobilization of this material by partial melting may have generated tonalitic and granodioritic liquids depleted in heavy REE due to the presence of garnet in the residue. The three associations display microstructures that indicate two episodes of recrystallization, one of a higher temperature and one of a lower temperature. The age of the high-temperature structure remains under discussion and may be attributed to a Paleoproterozoic metamorphic event. The low-temperature event is compatible with the temperature conditions observed in adjacent areas, in the host rocks of the Neoproterozoic post-collisional granitoids that have been emplaced along the Southern Brazilian Shear Belt (SBSB). Zircon crystals with Paleoproterozoic igneous cores exhibit a metamorphic overgrowth at 635 ± 6 Ma, compatible with the crystallization ages of the SBSB granitoids.

Long-Term Evaluation of Bibliographic Instruction: Lasting Encouragement.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Person, Roland

1981-01-01

This longitudinal study of a one-semester credit course of bibliographic instruction for undergraduates reveals lasting student appreciation that frequently increases following course completion. (RAA)

Nd and Sr isotopic variations in acidic rocks from Japan: significance of upper-mantle heterogeneity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Terakado, Yasutaka; Nakamura, Noboru

1984-10-01

Initial Nd and Sr isotopic ratios have been measured for Cretaceous acidic and related intermediate rocks (24 volcanic and two plutonic rocks) from the Inner Zone of Southwest Japan (IZSWJ) to investigate the genesis of acidic magmas. The initial Nd and Sr isotopic ratios for these rocks show three interesting features: (1) ɛ Nd values for acidic rocks (+2 to -9) are negatively correlated with ɛ Sr values (+10 to +90) together with those for intermediate rocks ( ɛ Nd=+3 to -8; ɛ Sr=0 to +65). (2) The ɛ Nd values for silica rich rocks (>60% SiO2) correlate with the longitude of the sample locality, decreasing from west to east in a stepwise fashion: Four areas characterized by uniform ɛ Nd values are discriminated. (3) Low silica rocks (<60% SiO2) in a certain area have distinctly different ɛ Nd values from those of the high silica rocks in the same area. These results as well as those deduced from the additional samples collected, for comparison, from other provinces in Japan suggest that the acidic rocks can be formed neither by fractional crystallization processes from more basic magmas nor by crustal assimilation processes. The isotopic variations of the acidic rocks may reflect regional isotopic heterogeneity in the lower crust, and this heterogeneity may ultimately be attributed to the regional heterogeneity of the uppermost-mantle beneath the Japanese Islands.

Shear Model Development of Limestone Joints with Incorporating Variations of Basic Friction Coefficient and Roughness Components During Shearing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mehrishal, Seyedahmad; Sharifzadeh, Mostafa; Shahriar, Korosh; Song, Jae-Jon

2017-04-01

In relation to the shearing of rock joints, the precise and continuous evaluation of asperity interlocking, dilation, and basic friction properties has been the most important task in the modeling of shear strength. In this paper, in order to investigate these controlling factors, two types of limestone joint samples were prepared and CNL direct shear tests were performed on these joints under various shear conditions. One set of samples were travertine and another were onyx marble with slickensided surfaces, surfaces ground to #80, and rough surfaces were tested. Direct shear experiments conducted on slickensided and ground surfaces of limestone indicated that by increasing the applied normal stress, under different shearing rates, the basic friction coefficient decreased. Moreover, in the shear tests under constant normal stress and shearing rate, the basic friction coefficient remained constant for the different contact sizes. The second series of direct shear experiments in this research was conducted on tension joint samples to evaluate the effect of surface roughness on the shear behavior of the rough joints. This paper deals with the dilation and roughness interlocking using a method that characterizes the surface roughness of the joint based on a fundamental combined surface roughness concept. The application of stress-dependent basic friction and quantitative roughness parameters in the continuous modeling of the shear behavior of rock joints is an important aspect of this research.

Mineral textural evolution and PT-path of relict eclogite-facies rocks in the Paleoproterozoic Nagssugtoqidian Orogen, South-East Greenland

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Müller, Sascha; Dziggel, Annika; Kolb, Jochen; Sindern, Sven

2018-01-01

The Nagssugtoqidian Orogen in South-East Greenland is a deeply eroded, Paleoproterozoic collision orogen. It consists of a variety of Archean and Paleoproterozoic rocks, most notably TTG gneiss, a variety of supracrustal rocks and basic dykes. This study aims at providing new insight into the geodynamic processes and subduction depth of this orogen by investigating the metamorphic evolution of garnet pyroxenite, retrogressed eclogite and amphibolite-facies rocks that are exposed within the Kuummiut Terrane of the Nagssugtoqidian Orogen. The garnet-pyroxenite has a dominant mineral assemblage of garnet, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and hornblende, while garnet-amphibolite and garnet-kyanite schist are made up of garnet, hornblende, plagioclase and quartz, and garnet, kyanite, biotite and quartz, respectively. Relicts of, and pseudomorphs after, eclogite-facies mineral assemblages are frequently found within basic metavolcanic rocks and Paleoproterozoic discordant basic dykes. In the retrogressed eclogite, the retrograde mineral reactions ceased prior to completion, resulting in the formation of two domains. A clinopyroxene domain consists of diopside-plagioclase symplectites, which are interpreted to have grown at the expense of omphacite. The symplectites are surrounded and partly replaced by hornblende and plagioclase. Omphacite (XJd 25-42) is preserved in a Na-rich sample, where it occurs in the core of large clinopyroxene and as inclusion in garnet and hornblende. In a garnet domain, garnet is variably replaced by an inner corona of plagioclase and an outer corona of amphibole +/- orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene. The degree of retrogression as well as the type of the retrograde assemblage in both domains appears to be dependent on fluid activity. Large garnet grains preserve Ca-rich cores, interpreted as prograde in origin, while Mg-rich garnet rims formed during eclogite-facies metamorphism and later re-equilibration. Pseudosection modelling combined with conventional geothermobarometry reveals a clockwise PT-evolution, involving eclogite-facies conditions of 17-19 kbar and 740-810 °C, followed by near-isothermal decompression to medium-pressure granulite-facies conditions (13.8-15.4 kbar, 760-880 °C) and subsequent decompression with minor cooling to high-pressure amphibolite-facies grades (8.8-10.9 kbar, 660-840 °C). These data show that rocks of the Kuummiut Terrane were exhumed from 70 to about 30 km into the mid- and lower crust. The PT-path implies that exhumation initially was rapid and tectonically-controlled.

Bibliographic Control in South Africa

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Musiker, Reuben

1972-01-01

The author sets as his task the consideration of the present state of bibliographical control of South Africa's bookstock with special reference to centralization and decentralization. (20 references) (Author/SJ)

Post-collisional magmatism in the Late Miocene Rodna-Bârgău district (East Carpathians, Romania): Geochemical constraints and petrogenetic models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fedele, Lorenzo; Seghedi, Ioan; Chung, Sun-Lin; Laiena, Fabio; Lin, Te-Hsien; Morra, Vincenzo; Lustrino, Michele

2016-12-01

Post-collisional magmatism in the Late Miocene Rodna-Bârgău subvolcanic district (East Carpathians) gave rise to a wide variety of rock compositions, allowing recognition of four groups of calcalkaline rocks with distinctive petrography, mineral chemistry, whole-rock geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Hf isotope features. New U-Pb zircon datings, together with literature data, indicate that the emplacement of the four rock groups was basically contemporaneous in the 11.5-8 Ma time span. The low potassium group (LKG) includes the most abundant lithotypes of the area, ranging from basaltic andesite to dacite, characterized by K-poor tschermakitic amphibole, weak enrichment in LILE and LREE, relatively low 87Sr/86Sr, coupled with relatively high 143Nd/144Nd and 176Hf/177Hf. The high potassium group (HKG) includes amphibole-bearing microgabbro, amphibole andesite and amphibole- and biotite dacite, with K-richer magnesio-hastingsite to hastingsite amphibole, more marked enrichments in incompatible elements, higher 87Sr/86Sr and lower 143Nd/144Nd and 176Hf/177Hf. These two main rock groups seem to have originated from similar juxtaposed mantle sources, with the HKG possibly related to slightly more enriched domains (with higher H2O reflected by the higher modal amphibole) with respect to LKG (with higher plagioclase/amphibole ratios). The evolution of the two rock series involved also open-system processes, taking place mainly in the upper crust for the HKG, in the lower crust for LKG magmas. In addition, limited occurrences of generally younger strongly evolved peraluminous rhyolites and microgranites (Acid group) and sialic-dominated "leucocratic" andesites and dacites (LAD group) were also recognized to the opposite outermost areas of the district. These two latter rock groups were generated by the melting of a basic metamorphic crustal source (respectively in hydrous and anhydrous conditions), favored by the heat released by mantle melts from the adjoining central area. The peculiar distribution of the products of the four rock groups in well defined sectors argues for a strong control of the local crustal tectonic regime on magmatism, influenced by the change from a transpressional to trastensional stage.

Compilation of Abstracts of Theses Submitted by Candidates for Degrees

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-09-30

University of Maine, 1973 Patricia A. Ohmiel Lieutenant, Unitod States Navy B.A., College of Our Lad./ of the Elms , 1973 The purpose of this thesis...B.A., Slippery Rock State ,Collee, 1968 M.A., Western Michigan University, 1976 The thesis presnets a theoretical development of a definition of...United States Air Force 9.S. Slippery Rock State College, 1971 This paper is an examination of the Romanian economy. It begins with a basic description

42 CFR 4.6 - Reference, bibliographic, reproduction, and consultation services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... requests from health-sciences professionals for services not reasonably available through local or regional... bibliographic information. (c) Information retrieval system computer tapes. To the extent Library resources...

42 CFR 4.6 - Reference, bibliographic, reproduction, and consultation services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... requests from health-sciences professionals for services not reasonably available through local or regional... bibliographic information. (c) Information retrieval system computer tapes. To the extent Library resources...

42 CFR 4.6 - Reference, bibliographic, reproduction, and consultation services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... requests from health-sciences professionals for services not reasonably available through local or regional... bibliographic information. (c) Information retrieval system computer tapes. To the extent Library resources...

42 CFR 4.6 - Reference, bibliographic, reproduction, and consultation services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... requests from health-sciences professionals for services not reasonably available through local or regional... bibliographic information. (c) Information retrieval system computer tapes. To the extent Library resources...

42 CFR 4.6 - Reference, bibliographic, reproduction, and consultation services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... requests from health-sciences professionals for services not reasonably available through local or regional... bibliographic information. (c) Information retrieval system computer tapes. To the extent Library resources...

Radionuclide Basics: Thorium

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Thorium is a naturally occurring radioactive metal found at trace levels in soil, rocks, plants and animals. Thorium is used very little in industry, but can be found in heat-resistant alloys and paints and optical lenses.

Manifestations Of Mine-induced Seismicity At Large-scale Mining Operations In Khibiny Massive

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fedotova, I. V.; Kozyrev, A. A.; Yunga, S. L.

The focal mechanisms of seismic events in the Khibiny massive and their interrelation with spent mining operations were investigated. As a result it is detected, that redistri- bution of stresses stipulated by structural features of a rock mass and ore technology, is the basic reason of origin of dynamic rock pressure manifestations. On the basis of the available plan tectonic disturbances of an investigated lease of a massif and anal- ysis of seismic activity, in view of events with the detected focal mechanism, some bands, various on a degree of potential seismic activity are chosen. For each band the calculations of mechanisms of rock bumps with separation of planes of adjustments with engaging of the geologic data are held. As a result of this analysis it is approved, that the basic forerunner of cracking of a separation at a roof fall of the cantilever of hanging wall (on decryption of focal mechanisms) is the reorientation of axes of prin- cipal stresses. And, at conducting coal-face works in a trailing side of ore deposits, at cracking a separation in the cantilever of hanging wall there are seismic events pre- dominantly to a fault type of the focal mechanism. In a massif of soils of the working excavation, located in limits, and under it, most typical focal mechanisms are mainly strike-slip and normal faults. The researches are executed at support of the Russian foundation for basic research, - projects 00-05-64758, 01-05-65340.

K-Ar geochronology of basement rocks on the northern flank of the Huancabama deflection, Ecuador

USGS Publications Warehouse

Feininger, Tomas; Silberman, M.L.

1982-01-01

The Huancabamba deflection, a major Andean orocline located at the Ecuador-Peru border, constitutes an important geologic boundary on the Pacific coast of South America. Crust to the north of the deflection is oceanic and the basement is composed of basic igneous rocks of Cretaceous age, whereas crust to the south is continental and felsic rocks of Precambrian to Cretaceous age make up the basement. The northern flank of the Huancabamba Deflection in El Oro Province, Ecuador, is underlain by Precambrian polymetamorphic basic rocks of the Piedras Group; shale, siltstone, sandstone, and their metamorphosed equivalents in the Tahuin Group (in part of Devonian age); concordant syntectonic granitic rocks; quartz diorite and alaskite of the Maroabeli pluton; a protrusion of serpentinized harzburgite that contains a large inclusion of blueschist-facies metamorphic rocks, the Raspas Formation, and metamorphic rocks north of the La Palma fault. Biotite from gneiss of the Tahuin Group yields a Late Triassic K-Ar age (210 ? 8 m.y.). This is interpreted as an uplift age and is consistent with a regional metamorphism of Paleozoic age. A nearby sample from the Piedras Group that yielded a hornblende K-Ar age of 196 ? 8 m.y. was affected by the same metamorphic event. Biotite from quartz diorite of the mesozonal Maroabeli pluton yields a Late Triassic age (214 ? 6 m.y.) which is interpreted as an uplift age which may be only slightly younger than the age of magmatic crystallization. Emplacement of the pluton may postdate regional metamorphism of the Tahuin Group. Phengite from politic schist of the Raspas Formation yields an Early Cretaceous K-Ar age (132 ? 5 m.y.). This age is believed to date the isostatic rise of the encasing serpentinized harzburgite as movement along a subjacent subduction zone ceased, and it is synchronous with the age of the youngest lavas of a coeval volcanic arc in eastern Ecuador. A Late Cretaceous K-Ar age (74.4 ? 1.1 m.y.) from hornblende in amphibolite north of the La Palma fault shows that rocks there are distinct from the superficially similar rocks of the Tahuin Group to the south. Biotite from schist in the Eastern Andean Cordillera yields an Early Eocene age (56.6 ? 1.6 m.y.). Metamorphic rocks in the northern part of the Eastern Andean Cordillera are Cretaceous in age and were metamorphosed in part in early Tertiary time. They are unrelated to and were metamorphosed later than any of the diverse rocks exposed on the northern flank of the Huancabamba Deflection.

Catastrophe theory—one of the basic components in the analysis of the seismic response of rock mass to explosions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khachay, OA; Khachay, OYu

2018-03-01

It is shown that the dynamic process of mining can be controlled using the catastrophe theory. The control parameters can be values of blasting energy and locations of explosions relative to an area under study or operation. The kinematic and dynamic parameters of the deformation waves, as well as the structural features of rock mass through which these waves pass act as internal parameters. The use of the analysis methods for short-term and medium-term forecast of rock mass condition with the control parameters only is insufficient in the presence of sharp heterogeneity. However, the joint use of qualitative recommendations of the catastrophe theory and spatial–temporal data of changes in the internal parameters of rock mass will allow accident prevention in the course of mining.

Growth rate of a penny-shaped crack in hydraulic fracturing of rocks

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Abe, H.; Mura, T.; Keer, L.M.

1976-10-10

The stable growth of a crack created by the hydraulic pressurizing of a penny-shaped crack in a dry rock mass is investigated. The rock mass is infinitely extended, homogeneous, and isotropic. It is verified on the basis of the equations of fluid dynamics that the fracturing fluid cannot penetrate the entire domain of a crack when the crack is moving. The effects of various terms in the basic equations also are studied. The solution of some typical examples is given, and the significant effect of the stress intensity factor of the rock on the crack propagation is shown. When themore » crack is expanding under a constant flow rate, the classical solution by Sack is found to be approx. valid for very large cracks, and nevertheless the crack is stable. (11 refs.)« less

Growth rate of a penny-shaped crack in hydraulic fracturing of rocks

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Abe, H.; Mura, T.; Keer, L.M.

1976-10-10

The stable growth of a crack created by the hydraulic pressurizing of a penny-shaped crack in a dry rock mass is investigated. The rock mass is infinitely extended, homogeneous, and isotropic. It is verified on the basis of the equations of fluid dynamics that the fracturing fluid cannot penetrate the entire domain of a crack when the crack is moving. The effects of various terms in the basic equations are also studied. The solution of some typical examples is given, and the significant effect of the stress intensity factor of the rock on the crack propagation is shown. When themore » crack is expanding under a constant flow rate, the classical solution by Sack is found to be approximately valid for very large cracks, and nevertheless the crack is stable.« less

Auto-assembly of nanometer thick, water soluble layers of plasmid DNA complexed with diamines and basic amino acids on graphite: Greatest DNA protection is obtained with arginine.

PubMed

Khalil, T T; Boulanouar, O; Heintz, O; Fromm, M

2017-02-01

We have investigated the ability of diamines as well as basic amino acids to condense DNA onto highly ordered pyrolytic graphite with minimum damage after re-dissolution in water. Based on a bibliographic survey we briefly summarize DNA binding properties with diamines as compared to basic amino acids. Thus, solutions of DNA complexed with these linkers were drop-cast in order to deposit ultra-thin layers on the surface of HOPG in the absence or presence of Tris buffer. Atomic Force Microscopy analyses showed that, at a fixed ligand-DNA mixing ratio of 16, the mean thickness of the layers can be statistically predicted to lie in the range 0-50nm with a maximum standard deviation ±6nm, using a simple linear law depending on the DNA concentration. The morphology of the layers appears to be ligand-dependent. While the layers containing diamines present holes, those formed in the presence of basic amino acids, except for lysine, are much more compact and dense. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy measurements provide compositional information indicating that, compared to the maximum number of DNA sites to which the ligands may bind, the basic amino acids Arg and His are present in large excess. Conservation of the supercoiled topology of the DNA plasmids was studied after recovery of the complex layers in water. Remarkably, arginine has the best protection capabilities whether Tris was present or not in the initial solution. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Geologic information from satellite images

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, K.; Knepper, D. H.; Sawatzky, D. L.

1974-01-01

Extracting geologic information from ERTS and Skylab/EREP images is best done by a geologist trained in photo-interpretation. The information is at a regional scale, and three basic types are available: rock and soil, geologic structures, and landforms. Discrimination between alluvium and sedimentary or crystalline bedrock, and between units in thick sedimentary sequences is best, primarily because of topographic expression and vegetation differences. Discrimination between crystalline rock types is poor. Folds and fractures are the best displayed geologic features. They are recognizable by topographic expression, drainage patterns, and rock or vegetation tonal patterns. Landforms are easily discriminated by their familiar shapes and patterns. Several examples demonstrate the applicability of satellite images to tectonic analysis and petroleum and mineral exploration.

Marketing ITS infrastructure in the public interest

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-10-01

This guide, Volume 4 - Bibliographic and Non-bibliographic databases, is part of the International Guide to Highway Transportation Information - a multi-volume set of guides that provides highway transportation information resources for domestic and ...

MEDLINE (MEDLARS ONLINE)

EPA Science Inventory

MEDLINE (MEDlars onLINE) is the National Library of Medicines (NLM) premier bibliographic database covering the fields of medicine, nursing, dentistry, veterinary medicine, the health care system, and the preclinical sciences. It contains bibliographic citations (e.g., authors, ...

Deformation Record Associated To The Valdoviño Fault (Variscan Orogeny, NW Iberia)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Llana-Funez, S.; Fernández, F. J.

2013-12-01

The Valdoviño Fault is a subvertical left-lateral strike-slip fault that exceeding a hundred kms in length formed in the late stages of the Variscan orogeny in NW Iberia. The fault cuts through the pile of allochthonous thrust sheets that conform the suture zone of the orogen and constitutes the eastern boundary of one of them, the Ordenes complex. In the section along the Atlantic coast, the fault core has a thickness of about 100 m in width with foliated rocks showing a subvertical attitude. It is formed by several rock types, beginning from the west these are: coarse grained foliated granitoids, tectonic breccia with fragments of high grade mafic rocks, fine-grained gneiss, serpentinites, fine-grained amphibolites and two-mica granites. The fault zone samples some of the lithologies found to the base of the Ordenes complex, emplaced and deformed prior to the nucleation of the Valdoviño Fault. Intense deformation produces extreme grain comminution particularly in felsic and basic rocks. Planolinear fabrics are predominant, with a subhorizontal lineation. The intensity of the deformation and the reduction in thickness of the various lithotypes is interpreted as indicative of the amount of strain accumulated during its tectonic history. Two types of tectonites stand out along the trace of the fault: the tectonic breccias at the coastal section (nucleated in basic rocks and in serpentinites) and the SC fabrics in syntectonic granitoids. Both evidence different deformation conditions during the activity of the fault. The band of tectonic breccias developed in basic rocks is a few meters thick and has a number of mm-thick ultracataclasites cutting sharply the breccia. The ultracataclasites show one straight side that cuts through the various components of the breccias (either earlier fault rocks as fragments of metabasites). The slipping surfaces all have a subvertical attitude consistent to the current orientation of the major fault. Earlier ultracataclastic bands are fractured and deformed prior to be overprinted by late ultracataclastic bands, indicating that the fracturing process that produces the extreme grain comminution was recurrent and repeated in time. These slipping surfaces show no clear indication about the sense of shear during fast movements, although more distributed cataclastic deformation in between single slip events seem compatible in places with left-lateral movement. The Valdoviño fault is intruded by two types of granitoids: granodiorites and two-mica granites. Courrieux (1984) showed the distribution in map view of sinistral SC fabrics, predominantly in the granitoid to the east of the Valdoviño Fault. Towards the core of the fault zone strain intensity increases to the point of obliterating the S fabric, developing thicker shear zones with extreme grain size reduction. Isolated mica fish and porphyroclasts of feldspar indicate clearly a left-lateral sense of shear. Work in progress aims to relate the timing of the slip events in the basic breccias with respect to the development of ultramilonitic SC fabrics in the granitoids. Ultimately we aim to establish the nature and conditions of tectonic activity along the Valdoviño Fault.

Geochemistry of zircons from basic rocks of the Korosten anorthosite-mangerite-charnockite-granite complex, north-western region of the Ukrainian Shield

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shumlyanskyy, Leonid; Belousova, Elena; Petrenko, Oksana

2017-09-01

The concentrations of 26 trace elements have been determined by laser ablation ICP-MS in zircons from four samples of basic rocks of the Korosten anorthosite-mangerite-charnockite-granite plutonic complex, the Ukrainian Shield. Zircons from the Fedorivka and Torchyn gabbroic intrusions and Volynsky anorthosite massif have distinctive abundances of many trace elements (REE, Sr, Y, Mn, Th). Zircons from the gabbroic massifs are unusually enriched in trace elements, while zircons from pegmatites in anorthosite are relatively depleted in trace elements. High concentrations of trace elements in zircons from gabbroic intrusions can be explained by their crystallization from residual interstitial melts enriched in incompatible elements. The zircons studied demonstrate a wide range of Ti concentrations, which reflects their temperature of crystallization: the zircons most enriched in Ti, from mafic pegmatites of the Horbuliv quarry (20-40 ppm), have the highest temperature of crystallization (845 ± 40 °C). Lower (720-770 °C) temperatures of zircon crystallization in gabbroic rocks are explained by its crystallization from the latest portions of the interstitial melt or by simultaneous crystallization of ilmenite. The Ce anomaly in zircons correlates with the degree of oxidation of the coexisting ilmenite.

Penalobo "Castle Rocks" - First approach to valuing this geoforms.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pinharandas, Carlos; Nobre, José; Gomes, Ana

2013-04-01

The village of Penalobo, located in the municipality of Sabugal (Portugal) is characterized by hercynian granites with interesting geological features, including pegmatite veins and quartz crystals with exotic forms, and presents some steep slopes and plateaus. From the mountainous configuration highlight some more pronounced elevations called "Castle Rocks". Such structures are composed by granites, which present greater fracturing at the top, which leads to the formation of large granite blocks. In less fractured zones it is possible to observe small folds. An excavation existing in one of those elevations allows us to observe a basic rock outcropping with clusters of crystals mottled with circular shape, which are indicative of the presence of late fluid during crystallization. In the zone of contact with the enclosing granite, there are small folds caused by magma intrusion. Those evidences led us to hypothesize that the peaks observed in the area of Penalobo village were due to the intrusion on basic magma. All this framework and geological environment becomes an asset for the scientific, educational and economic development of the region. On the other hand, it has a vital importance in the context of a strategy of forming a geological park, in the point of view of tourism, research and interpretation.

Repetitive Bibliographical Information in Relational Databases.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brooks, Terrence A.

1988-01-01

Proposes a solution to the problem of loading repetitive bibliographic information in a microcomputer-based relational database management system. The alternative design described is based on a representational redundancy design and normalization theory. (12 references) (Author/CLB)

Microstructural controls on the macroscopic behavior of geo-architected rock samples

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mitchell, C. A.; Pyrak-Nolte, L. J.

2017-12-01

Reservoir caprocks, are known to span a range of mechanical behavior from elastic granitic units to visco-elastic shale units. Whether a rock will behave elastically, visco-elastically or plastically depends on both the compositional and textural or microsctructural components of the rock, and how these components are spatially distributed. In this study, geo-architected caprock fabrication was performed to develop synthetic rock to study the role of rock rheology on fracture deformations, fluid flow and geochemical alterations. Samples were geo-architected with Portland Type II cement, Ottawa sand, and different clays (kaolinite, illite, and Montmorillonite). The relative percentages of these mineral components are manipulated to generate different rock types. With set protocols, the mineralogical content, texture, and certain structural aspects of the rock were controlled. These protocols ensure that identical samples with the same morphological and mechanical characteristics are constructed, thus overcoming issues that may arise in the presence of heterogeneity and high anisotropy from natural rock samples. Several types of homogeneous geo-architected rock samples were created, and in some cases the methods were varied to manipulate the physical parameters of the rocks. Characterization of rocks that the samples exhibit good repeatability. Rocks with the same mineralogical content generally yielded similar compressional and shear wave velocities, UCS and densities. Geo-architected rocks with 10% clay in the matrix had lower moisture content and effective porosities than rocks with no clay. The process by which clay is added to the matrix can strongly affect the resulting compressive strength and physical properties of the geo-architected sample. Acknowledgment: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Geosciences Research Program under Award Number (DE-FG02-09ER16022).

Automated labeling of bibliographic data extracted from biomedical online journals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Jongwoo; Le, Daniel X.; Thoma, George R.

2003-01-01

A prototype system has been designed to automate the extraction of bibliographic data (e.g., article title, authors, abstract, affiliation and others) from online biomedical journals to populate the National Library of Medicine"s MEDLINE database. This paper describes a key module in this system: the labeling module that employs statistics and fuzzy rule-based algorithms to identify segmented zones in an article"s HTML pages as specific bibliographic data. Results from experiments conducted with 1,149 medical articles from forty-seven journal issues are presented.

An Experimental Study on Normal Stress and Shear Rate Dependency of Basic Friction Coefficient in Dry and Wet Limestone Joints

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mehrishal, Seyedahmad; Sharifzadeh, Mostafa; Shahriar, Korosh; Song, Jae-Jon

2016-12-01

Among all parameters that affect the friction of rocks, variable normal stress and slip rate are the most important second-order parameters. The shear-rate- and normal-stress-dependent friction behavior of rock discontinuities may significantly influence the dynamic responses of rock mass. In this research, two limestone rock types, which were travertine and onyx marble with slickenside and grinded #80 surfaces, were prepared and CNL direct shear tests were performed on the joints under various shear conditions. The shearing rate varied from 0.1 to 50 mm/min under different normal stresses (from 2 to 30 % of UCS) in both dry and wet conditions. Experiments showed that the friction coefficient of slickensided and ground #80 surfaces of limestone increased with the increasing shear velocity and decreased with the increasing normal stress. Micro-asperity interlocking between ground #80 surfaces showed higher wear and an increase in friction coefficient ( µ) compared to slickensided surfaces. Slickensided samples with moist surfaces showed an increase in the coefficient of friction compared to dry surfaces; however, on ground #80 surfaces, the moisture decreased the coefficient of friction to a smaller value. Slickenside of limestone typically slides stably in a dry condition and by stick-slip on moist surfaces. The observed shear-rate- and normal-stress-dependent friction behavior can be explained by a similar framework to that of the adhesion theory of friction and a friction mechanism that involves the competition between microscopic dilatant slip and surface asperity deformation. The results have important implications for understanding the behavior of basic and residual friction coefficients of limestone rock surfaces.

Reduced gas seepages in ophiolitic complexes: Evidences for multiple origins of the H2-CH4-N2 gas mixtures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vacquand, Christèle; Deville, Eric; Beaumont, Valérie; Guyot, François; Sissmann, Olivier; Pillot, Daniel; Arcilla, Carlo; Prinzhofer, Alain

2018-02-01

This paper proposes a comparative study of reduced gas seepages occurring in ultrabasic to basic rocks outcropping in ophiolitic complexes based on the study of seepages from Oman, the Philippines, Turkey and New Caledonia. This study is based on analyses of the gas chemical composition, noble gases contents, stable isotopes of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen. These seepages are mostly made of mixtures of three main components which are H2, CH4 and N2 in various proportions. The relative contents of the three main gas components show 4 distinct types of gas mixtures (H2-rich, N2-rich, N2-H2-CH4 and H2-CH4). These types are interpreted as reflecting different zones of gas generation within or below the ophiolitic complexes. In the H2-rich type, associated noble gases display signatures close to the value of air. In addition to the atmospheric component, mantle and crustal contributions are present in the N2-rich, N2-H2-CH4 and H2-CH4 types. H2-bearing gases are either associated with ultra-basic (pH 10-12) spring waters or they seep directly in fracture systems from the ophiolitic rocks. In ophiolitic contexts, ultrabasic rocks provide an adequate environment with available Fe2+ and alkaline conditions that favor H2 production. CH4 is produced either directly by reaction of dissolved CO2 with basic-ultrabasic rocks during the serpentinization process or in a second step by H2-CO2 interaction. H2 is present in the gas when no more carbon is available in the system to generate CH4. The N2-rich type is notably associated with relatively high contents of crustal 4He and in this gas type N2 is interpreted as issued mainly from sediments located below the ophiolitic units.

Geology of the ultrabasic to basic Uitkomst complex, eastern Transvaal, South Africa: an overview

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gauert, C. D. K.; De Waal, S. A.; Wallmach, T.

1995-11-01

The Uitkomst complex in eastern Transvaal, South Africa, is a mineralized, layered ultrabasic to basic intrusion of Bushveld complex age (2.05-2.06 Ga) that intruded into the sedimentary rocks of the Lower Transvaal Supergroup. The complex is situated 20 km north of Badplaas. It is elongated in a northwesterly direction and is exposed over a total distance of 9 km. The intrusion is interpreted to have an anvil-shaped cross-section with a true thickness of approximately 800 m and is enveloped by metamorphosed and, in places, brecciated country rocks. Post-Bushveld diabase intrusions caused considerable vertical dilation of teh complex. The complex consists of six lithological units (from bottom to top): Basal Gabbro, Lower Harzburgite, Chromitiferous Harzburgite, Main Harzburgite, Pyroxenite and Gabbronorite. The Basal Gabbro Unit, developed at the base of the intrusion and showing a narrow chilled margin of 0.2 to 1.5 m against the floor rocks, has an average thickness of 6 m and grades upwards into the sulphide-rich and xenolith-bearing sequence of the Lower Harzburgite Unit. The latter unit averages 50 m in thickness and is gradationally overlain by the chromite-rich harzburgite of the Chromitiferous Harzburgite Unit (average thickness 60 m). Following on from the Chromitiferous Harzburgite Unit is the 330 m thick Main Harzburgite Unit. The Pyroxenite and Gabbronorite Units (total combined thickness of 310 m) form the uppermost formations of the intrusion. The three lower lithological units, Basal Gabbro to Chromitiferous Harzburgite, are highly altered by late magmatic, hydrothermal processes causing widespread serpentinization, steatitization, saussuritization and uralitization. Field relations, petrography and mineral and whole rock chemistry suggest the following sequence of events, The original emplacement of magma took place from northwest to southeast. The intrusion was bounded between two major fracture zones that gave rise to an elongated body, which acted as a conduit for later magma heaves. The first magma pulses, forming the chilled margin of the intrusion, show chemical affinities to a micropyroxenite described from the Bushveld complex. The Lower Harzburgite and Chromitiferous Harzburgite Units, judged from the abundance of xenoliths, originated by crystal settling from a contaminated basic magma. The Main Harzburgite crystallized from a magma of constant, probably also basic, composition, which flowed through the conduit after formation of the lower three lithological units. At a late stage of emplacement, after replenishment in the conduit came to a standstill, closed system conditions developed in the upper part of the complex, resulting in a magma fractionation trend of increasing incompatible elements contents towards the top of the intrusion. The mineralization in the lower three rock units and at the base was most probably caused by a segregating sulphide liquid forced to precipitate by the oxidative degassing of dolomite. Sulphur isotope ratios indicate various degrees of contamination of the magma by the enveloping sedimentary rocks, which provided the necessary amounts of S to reach S saturation.

The Exchange of Bibliographic Data in Non-Roman Scripts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wellisch, Hans H.

1980-01-01

Advocates the use of machine readable codes to accomplish romanization and promote the exchange of bibliographic data. Proposals are presented for transliteration standards, design of machine readable conversion codes, and the establishment of databases. (RAA)

The Future of Catalogers and Cataloging.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holley, Robert P.

1981-01-01

Future emphasis in cataloging will be on the sharing of high quality bibliographic records through a national network. As original cataloging decreases, catalogers, rather than disappearing, will more likely be managers of the library's bibliographic control system. (Author/RAA)

The development of the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (MEDLARS)*

PubMed Central

Dee, Cheryl Rae

2007-01-01

Objective: The research provides a chronology of the US National Library of Medicine's (NLM's) contribution to access to the world's biomedical literature through its computerization of biomedical indexes, particularly the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (MEDLARS). Method: Using material gathered from NLM's archives and from personal interviews with people associated with developing MEDLARS and its associated systems, the author discusses key events in the history of MEDLARS. Discussion: From the development of the early mechanized bibliographic retrieval systems of the 1940s and to the beginnings of online, interactive computerized bibliographic search systems of the early 1970s chronicled here, NLM's contributions to automation and bibliographic retrieval have been extensive. Conclusion: As NLM's technological experience and expertise grew, innovative bibliographic storage and retrieval systems emerged. NLM's accomplishments regarding MEDLARS were cutting edge, placing the library at the forefront of incorporating mechanization and technologies into medical information systems. PMID:17971889

Magnetic and mineralogical properties of salt rocks from the Zechstein of the Northern German Basin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heinrich, Frances C.; Schmidt, Volkmar; Schramm, Michael; Mertineit, Michael

2017-03-01

Magnetic properties of rocks are often studied to characterize composition and fabric of rocks. For salt rocks, the basic relationships between their magnetic properties and composition, which are necessary to interpret rock magnetic data, are not yet established. Therefore, we studied different types of natural salt rock and pure salt minerals. We measured their magnetic properties (magnetic susceptibility, isothermal remanent magnetization acquisition curves, first-order reversal curve diagrams and temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility) and used analytical methods such as microscopy, X-ray diffraction and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy to understand the relationship between magnetic properties and mineralogy. Salt rocks mainly consist of the diamagnetic minerals halite, carnallite, sylvine and anhydrite with negative magnetic susceptibilities. The magnetic susceptibilities of pure synthetic NaCl and KCl single crystals, show values of -14.5 × 10-6 and -13.5 × 10-6 SI, respectively. In contrast, in natural salt rocks higher magnetic susceptibility values were measured. The magnetic susceptibility of the samples investigated in this study shows a general increase from light rock salt (maximum -10 × 10-6 SI) over carnallitite (maximum 134 × 10-6 SI) to red sylvinite (maximum 270 × 10-6 SI). Whole rock analyses suggest that increased magnetic susceptibility can be attributed to paramagnetic and ferromagnetic minerals that are contained within the insoluble residue. The magnetic susceptibility is mainly controlled by magnetite and phyllosilicates. Its measurement can therefore be used to detect subtle changes in the content of these minerals.

Space Rocks Tell Their Secrets: Space Science Applications of Physics and Chemistry for High School and College Classes: Update

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lindstrom, M. M.; Tobola, K. W.; Stocco, K.; Henry, M.; Allen, J. S.; McReynolds, Julie; Porter, T. Todd; Veile, Jeri

2004-01-01

As the scientific community studies Mars remotely for signs of life and uses Martian meteorites as its only available samples, teachers, students, and the general public continue to ask, How do we know these meteorites are from Mars? This question sets the stage for a six-lesson instructional package Space Rocks Tell Their Secrets. Expanding on the short answer It s the chemistry of the rock , students are introduced to the research that reveals the true identities of the rocks. Since few high school or beginning college students have the opportunity to participate in this level of research, a slide presentation introduces them to the labs, samples, and people involved with the research. As they work through the lessons and interpret authentic data, students realize that the research is an application of two basic science concepts taught in the classroom, the electromagnetic spectrum and isotopes.

Characteristics and engineering properties of residual soil of volcanic deposits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wibawa, Y. S.; Sugiarti, K.; Soebowo, E.

2018-02-01

Residual soil knowledge of volcanic-sedimentary rock products provides important information on the soil bearing capacity and its engineering properties. The residual soil is the result of weathering commonly found in unsaturated conditions, having varied geotechnical characteristics at each level of weathering. This paper summarizes the results of the research from the basic engineering properties of residual soil of volcanic-sedimentary rocks from several different locations. The main engineering properties of residual soil such as specific gravity, porosity, grain size, clay content (X-Ray test) and soil shear strength are performed on volcanic rock deposits. The results show that the variation of the index and engineering properties and the microstructure properties of residual soil have the correlation between the depths of weathering levels. Pore volume and pore size distribution on weathered rock profiles can be used as an indication of weathering levels in the tropics.

Co-Citation Analysis of Articles Published in Substance Abuse Journals: Intellectual Structure and Research Fields (2001-2012).

PubMed

González-Alcaide, Gregorio; Calafat, Amador; Becoña, Elisardo; Thijs, Bart; Glänzel, Wolfgang

2016-09-01

The purpose of this study is to introduce a new methodology in the field of substance abuse, namely, co-citation analysis, which uses the bibliographic references of publications to establish the main thematic areas being researched and to identify the seminal documents that have contributed to establishing the intellectual foundation of the discipline at the present time. We identified all bibliographic references that were cited in documents published in the substance abuse journals included in the Journal Citation Reports in the 2001-2012 period, generating a co-citation matrix. This matrix was used to perform a co-citation network analysis. The co-citation network analysis led to the identification of 56 prominent research clusters that bring together 698 documents; their subject matter constitutes the foundation of the discipline in the field's journals. Substance abuse research is dominated by a few core topics; chief among them are tools for measuring and diagnosing dependence, as well as therapeutic approaches to treat alcohol abuse and nicotine addiction. Other areas of note include epidemiological studies, research on drug user motivation (particularly among young people), binge drinking, social support mediators and networks, opioid dependence, consumption and effects of cannabis, basic research on brain damage, genetic factors associated with substance use, and the physiological and neurological determinants of abstinence syndrome. The main works of reference that we identified were published in a small number of journals, which establish the intellectual, conceptual, and methodological basis of the discipline.

Microcomputer Database Management Systems for Bibliographic Data.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pollard, Richard

1986-01-01

Discusses criteria for evaluating microcomputer database management systems (DBMS) used for storage and retrieval of bibliographic data. Two popular types of microcomputer DBMS--file management systems and relational database management systems--are evaluated with respect to these criteria. (Author/MBR)

The NEOUCOM Cooperative Cataloging Service: development and review of the first four years.

PubMed Central

Miller, D R

1983-01-01

The Basic Medical Sciences Library of the Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine (NEOUCOM) provided a Cooperative Cataloging Service to fourteen of its affiliated hospitals' libraries since March 1978, using the OCLC system. Analysis of the first four years of service showed that the hospital libraries spent almost $30,000 to catalog more than 18,000 titles. Personnel expenses and other costs eclipsed the savings from a 31.3% duplication rate. Centralized bibliographic control control and the principal by-product of the service, a uniform, machine-related data base, provided the foundation for an on-line integrated library system to serve the consortium. The hospital libraries contributed 44% of the unique titles in this data base, which emphasis the need to share resources and continue cooperation. PMID:6860826

The NEOUCOM Cooperative Cataloging Service: development and review of the first four years.

PubMed

Miller, D R

1983-04-01

The Basic Medical Sciences Library of the Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine (NEOUCOM) provided a Cooperative Cataloging Service to fourteen of its affiliated hospitals' libraries since March 1978, using the OCLC system. Analysis of the first four years of service showed that the hospital libraries spent almost $30,000 to catalog more than 18,000 titles. Personnel expenses and other costs eclipsed the savings from a 31.3% duplication rate. Centralized bibliographic control control and the principal by-product of the service, a uniform, machine-related data base, provided the foundation for an on-line integrated library system to serve the consortium. The hospital libraries contributed 44% of the unique titles in this data base, which emphasis the need to share resources and continue cooperation.

A state-of-the-art review of transportation systems evaluation techniques relevant to air transportation, volume 1. [urban planning and urban transportation using decision theory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Haefner, L. E.

1975-01-01

Mathematical and philosophical approaches are presented for evaluation and implementation of ground and air transportation systems. Basic decision processes are examined that are used for cost analyses and planning (i.e, statistical decision theory, linear and dynamic programming, optimization, game theory). The effects on the environment and the community that a transportation system may have are discussed and modelled. Algorithmic structures are examined and selected bibliographic annotations are included. Transportation dynamic models were developed. Citizen participation in transportation projects (i.e, in Maryland and Massachusetts) is discussed. The relevance of the modelling and evaluation approaches to air transportation (i.e, airport planning) is examined in a case study in St. Louis, Missouri.

Map showing potential sources of gravel and crushed-rock aggregate in the greater Denver area, Front Range urban corridor, Colorado

USGS Publications Warehouse

Trimble, D.E.; Fitch, H.R.

1974-01-01

Gravel and (or) crushed-rock aggregates are essential commodities for urban development, but supplies in many places are exhausted or otherwise eliminated by urban growth. Gravel resources may be exhausted by exploitation, covered by urban spread, or eliminated from production by zoning. this conflict between a growing need and a progressively reduced supply can be forestalled by informed land-use planning. Fundamental to intelligent decisions on land use is knowledge of the physical character, distribution, and quantity of the gravel resources of an area, and of the alternative resource of rock suitable for crushing. This map has been prepared to supply data basic to land-use planning in the Front Range Urban Corridor.

Mineralogy, petrology, and surface features of lunar samples 10062,35, 10067,9, 10069,30, and 10085,16.

PubMed

Carter, J L; Macgregor, I D

1970-01-30

The primary rocks are a sequence of titanium-rich basic volcanics, composed of clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and ilmenite with minor olivine, troilite, and native iron. The soil and microbreccias are respectively loose and compacted mixtures of fragments and aggregates of similar rocks, minerals, and glassy fragments and spheres. Impact events are reflected by the presence of shock metamorphosed rock fragments, breccias, and glasses and their resulting compaction to form complex breccias, glass-spattered surfaces, and numerous glass-lined craters. Chemistry of the glasses formed by the impact events is highly variable, and the high iron and nickel content of a few moundlike features suggests that at least some of the projectiles are iron and nickel-rich meteorites.

49 CFR 1248.101 - Commodity codes required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Chemical and Fertilizer Minerals. 14711 Barite. 14713 Potash, soda and borate. 14714 Phosphate rock. 14715... Organic Chemicals. 2812 Sodium, potassium, and other basic inorganic chemical compounds and chlorine... industrial organic chemicals. 28184 Alcohols. 2819 Miscellaneous industrial inorganic chemicals. 28193...

Rock blasting and overbreak control

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1991-01-01

This handbook is specifically designed as a guide to highway engineers and blasting practitioners working with highway applications. It was used as a handbook for the FHWA course of the above title. The handbook is a basic review of explosives and th...

Bibliographic Guide to Mexican Federal Government Documents.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simoneau, Karin

This bibliographic guide covers federal-level documents from the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of the Mexican government. It includes bibliographies and catalogs, organization directories, serials and series currently published by government institutions, censuses, annual reports, congressional records, legal materials, and…

Linking Bibliographic Data Bases: A Discussion of the Battelle Technical Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, C. Lee

This document establishes the context, summarizes the contents, and discusses the Battelle technical report, noting certain constraints of the study. Further steps for the linking of bibliographic databases for use by academic and public libraries are suggested. (RAA)

Online bibliographic sources in hydrology

USGS Publications Warehouse

Wild, Emily C.; Havener, W. Michael

2001-01-01

Traditional commercial bibliographic databases and indexes provide some access to hydrology materials produced by the government; however, these sources do not provide comprehensive coverage of relevant hydrologic publications. This paper discusses bibliographic information available from the federal government and state geological surveys, water resources agencies, and depositories. In addition to information in these databases, the paper describes the scope, styles of citing, subject terminology, and the ways these information sources are currently being searched, formally and informally, by hydrologists. Information available from the federal and state agencies and from the state depositories might be missed by limiting searches to commercially distributed databases.

Twentieth Century Moon: The Evolution of Lunar Science, 1955 - 2002

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Templeton, T. C.; Kinney, A. L.

2008-01-01

Here we discuss thc bibliographic record of Lunar Science as published in refereed journals from 1955 to 2002. New tools in bibliometrics, i.e. the study of publications and citations, reveal the structure of this scientific field by measuring and visualizing connections between published papers. This approach is especially powerful when applied to a well defined field such as Lunar Science, which is strongly affected by policy and the actions resulting from policy, most obviously gathering samples from the Moon. This poster presents some results obtained by processing a dataset of lunar science bibliographic records through a bibliographic visualization program.

Linking: Today's Libraries, Tomorrow's Technologies. Report of the Bibliographic and Communications Network Pilot Project. Canadian Network Papers Number 7 = Le Lien entre les Bibliotheques d'Aujourd'hui et les Technologies de Demain. Rapport du Projet Pilote du Reseau de Services Bibliographiques et de Communications. Documents sur les Reseaux Canadiens Numero 7.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Library of Canada, Ottawa (Ontario).

A pilot project was conducted from May 1980 to November 1983 to test the application of iNet--a decentralized, packet-switched telecommunications network--to bibliographic data interchange in Canada. The principal components of the project were participation of the Bibliographic Common Interest Group (BCIP), a group of libraries with stand-alone,…

[A survey of the best bibliographic searching system in occupational medicine and discussion of its implementation].

PubMed

Inoue, J

1991-12-01

When occupational health personnel, especially occupational physicians search bibliographies, they usually have to search bibliographies by themselves. Also, if a library is not available because of the location of their work place, they might have to rely on online databases. Although there are many commercial databases in the world, people who seldom use them, will have problems with on-line searching, such as user-computer interface, keywords, and so on. The present study surveyed the best bibliographic searching system in the field of occupational medicine by questionnaire through the use of DIALOG OnDisc MEDLINE as a commercial database. In order to ascertain the problems involved in determining the best bibliographic searching system, a prototype bibliographic searching system was constructed and then evaluated. Finally, solutions for the problems were discussed. These led to the following conclusions: to construct the best bibliographic searching system at the present time, 1) a concept of micro-to-mainframe links (MML) is needed for the computer hardware network; 2) multi-lingual font standards and an excellent common user-computer interface are needed for the computer software; 3) a short course and education of database management systems, and support of personal information processing for retrieved data are necessary for the practical use of the system.

Determination of the Basic Friction Angle of Rock Surfaces by Tilt Tests

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jang, Hyun-Sic; Zhang, Qing-Zhao; Kang, Seong-Seung; Jang, Bo-An

2018-04-01

Samples of Hwangdeung granite from Korea and Berea sandstone from USA, both containing sliding planes, were prepared by saw-cutting or polishing using either #100 or #600 grinding powders. Their basic friction angles were measured by direct shear testing, triaxial compression testing, and tilt testing. The direct shear tests and triaxial compression tests on the saw-cut, #100, and #600 surfaces indicated that the most reliable results were obtained from the #100 surface: basic friction angle of 29.4° for granite and 34.1° for sandstone. To examine the effect of surface conditions on the friction angle in tilt tests, the sliding angles were measured 50 times with two surface conditions (surfaces cleaned and not cleaned after each measurement). The initial sliding angles were high regardless of rock type and surface conditions and decreased exponentially as measurements continued. The characteristics of the sliding angles, differences between tilt tests, and dispersion between measurements in each test indicated that #100 surface produced the most reliable basic friction angle measurement. Without cleaning the surfaces, the average angles for granite (32 measurements) and sandstone (23 measurements) were similar to the basic friction angle. When 20-50 measurements without cleaning were averaged, the basic friction angle was within ± 2° for granite and ± 3° for sandstone. Sliding angles using five different tilting speeds were measured but the average was similar, indicating that tilting speed (between 0.2° and 1.6°/s) has little effect on the sliding angle. Sliding angles using four different sample sizes were measured with the best results obtained for samples larger than 8 × 8 cm.

Stress-Induced Fracturing of Reservoir Rocks: Acoustic Monitoring and μCT Image Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pradhan, Srutarshi; Stroisz, Anna M.; Fjær, Erling; Stenebråten, Jørn F.; Lund, Hans K.; Sønstebø, Eyvind F.

2015-11-01

Stress-induced fracturing in reservoir rocks is an important issue for the petroleum industry. While productivity can be enhanced by a controlled fracturing operation, it can trigger borehole instability problems by reactivating existing fractures/faults in a reservoir. However, safe fracturing can improve the quality of operations during CO2 storage, geothermal installation and gas production at and from the reservoir rocks. Therefore, understanding the fracturing behavior of different types of reservoir rocks is a basic need for planning field operations toward these activities. In our study, stress-induced fracturing of rock samples has been monitored by acoustic emission (AE) and post-experiment computer tomography (CT) scans. We have used hollow cylinder cores of sandstones and chalks, which are representatives of reservoir rocks. The fracture-triggering stress has been measured for different rocks and compared with theoretical estimates. The population of AE events shows the location of main fracture arms which is in a good agreement with post-test CT image analysis, and the fracture patterns inside the samples are visualized through 3D image reconstructions. The amplitudes and energies of acoustic events clearly indicate initiation and propagation of the main fractures. Time evolution of the radial strain measured in the fracturing tests will later be compared to model predictions of fracture size.

Laboratory testing of a long expansion rock bolt support for energy-absorbing applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Skrzypkowski, Krzysztof

2018-01-01

The main purpose of rock support and reinforcement in underground mining is to maintain excavations safe and open for their intended lifespan. The basic type of rock mass reinforcement method both in ore and hard coal mining is rock bolt support. Very often, existing bolt support systems are not always capable of providing a reliable controlled performance. Therefore, in recent years energy-absorbing bolts which are exposed to dynamic loading, for example from rock burst caused by high rock stresses, earthquakes, or blasting have appeared. In this article particular attention was paid to short and long expansion bolts. Quasi-static tests of expansion bolts were carried out at the laboratory test facility in simulated mining conditions, especially for the KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. mines. In the underground mines of the Legnica-Głogów Copper District (LGOM) the main way to protect the room excavation is rock bolt support with a length from 1.2 m to 2.6 m. Rock bolt support longer than 2.6 m is considered as additional support of excavations and is increasingly being used to reinforce the roofs. The comparisons of energy-absorbing short and long expansion bolts with a length of 1.8m, 3.6m and 5.2m were presented. In addition, for elastic and plastic range of each bolts were determined.

Mathematical Notation in Bibliographic Databases.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pasterczyk, Catherine E.

1990-01-01

Discusses ways in which using mathematical symbols to search online bibliographic databases in scientific and technical areas can improve search results. The representations used for Greek letters, relations, binary operators, arrows, and miscellaneous special symbols in the MathSci, Inspec, Compendex, and Chemical Abstracts databases are…

Diseno y desarrollo de una base de datos bibliograficos (Design and Development of a Bibliographic Database).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mattenella, L. E.; Velazco, J. W.

1992-01-01

This article briefly describes the development of bibliographic retrieval systems in the Instituto de Beneficio di Minerales (IN BE MI) in Salta, Argentina, using the Mini-micro CDS/ISIS software developed by Unesco. (LRW)

Technical Services Research Needs for the 1990s.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Veaner, Allen B.

1983-01-01

Research needs in area of library technical services are identified, focusing on costs, the catalog, bibliographic data, new cataloging code, subject access in online catalogs, acquisitions, serials control system, universal technical processing terminals, data storage devices, robots and artificial intelligence, bibliographic instruction, and…

Clio's Workshop: Resources for Historical Studies in American Librarianship.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tucker, John Mark

2000-01-01

Identifies tools most useful in the library historian's workshop, particularly those of a bibliographic, reference, or documentary nature. Highlights include bibliographic tools and the formative years of librarianship; sources of current scholarship; reference sources, including minority voices; documentary materials; and historians in…

International Guide To Highway Transportation Information: Volume 4 - Bibliographic And Non-Bibliographic Database Producers

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-01-01

Connected vehicle wireless data communications can enable safety applications that may reduce injuries and fatalities suffered on our roads and highways, as well as enabling reductions in traffic congestion and impacts on the environment. As a critic...

The Australian Bibliographic Network--An Introduction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hannan, Chris

1982-01-01

Focuses on the centralized, online, shared-cataloging facility of the Australian Bibliographic Network operated by the National Library of Australia. Existing automated library systems in Australia, selection and implementation of Washington Library Network software, comparison of Australian and U.S. automation, and projections for future…

Uniform Slavic Transliteration Alphabet (USTA).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dekleva, Borut

The Uniform Slavic Transliteration Alphabet (USTA) was designed primarily with the following objectives: to aid librarians (catalogers and bibliographers), information scientists, transliterators, and editors of bibliographic works of the many Slavic tongues; and to serve as original research for the further development of a machine-readable…

The Obtaining of Oil from an Oil Reservoir.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dawe, R. A.

1979-01-01

Discusses the mechanics of how an actual oil reservoir works and provides some technical background in physics. An experiment which simulates an oil reservoir and demonstrates quantitatively all the basic concepts of oil reservoir rock properties is also presented. (HM)

Literary support to the vegetable origin of shilajit.

PubMed

Lal, V K; Panday, K K; Kapoor, M L

1988-01-01

Shilajit, exuding from the rocks of mountains has been proved to be basically derived from the latex of cactus like Euphorbia species. Therefore, in the present communication, an attempt has been made to provide similar information from the ayurvedic literatures.

A Model for Generation of Martian Surface Dust, Soil and Rock Coatings: Physical vs. Chemical Interactions, and Palagonitic Plus Hydrothermal Alteration

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bishop, J. L.; Murchie, S.; Pieters, C.; Zent, A.

1999-01-01

This model is one of many possible scenarios to explain the generation of the current surface material on Mars using chemical, magnetic and spectroscopic data from Mars and geologic analogs from terrestrial sites. One basic premise is that there are physical and chemical interactions of the atmospheric dust particles and that these two processes create distinctly different results. Physical processes distribute dust particles on rocks, forming physical rock coatings, and on the surface between rocks forming soil units; these are reversible processes. Chemical reactions of the dust/soil particles create alteration rinds on rock surfaces or duricrust surface units, both of which are relatively permanent materials. According to this model the mineral components of the dust/soil particles are derived from a combination of "typical" palagonitic weathering of volcanic ash and hydrothermally altered components, primarily from steam vents or fumeroles. Both of these altered materials are composed of tiny particles, about 1 micron or smaller, that are aggregates of silicates and iron oxide/oxyhydroxide/sulfate phases. Additional information is contained in the original extended abstract.

Transmission Electron Microscopy of Minerals and Rocks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McLaren, Alex C.

1991-04-01

Of the many techniques that have been applied to the study of crystal defects, none has contributed more to our understanding of their nature and influence on the physical and chemical properties of crystalline materials than transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM is now used extensively by an increasing number of earth scientists for direct observation of defect microstructures in minerals and rocks. Transmission Electron Microscopy of Rocks and Minerals is an introduction to the principles of the technique and is the only book to date on the subject written specifically for geologists and mineralogists. The first part of the book deals with the essential physics of the transmission electron microscope and presents the basic theoretical background required for the interpretation of images and electron diffraction patterns. The final chapters are concerned with specific applications of TEM in mineralogy and deal with such topics as planar defects, intergrowths, radiation-induced defects, dislocations and deformation-induced microstructures. The examples cover a wide range of rock-forming minerals from crustal rocks to those in the lower mantle, and also take into account the role of defects in important mineralogical and geological processes.

Miocene calc-alkaline heritage in the pliocene postcollisional volcanism of monte arci (Sardinia, Italy)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cioni, Roberto; Clocchiatti, Robert; Di Paola, Giovanni M.; Santacroce, Roberto; Tonarini, Sonia

1982-10-01

At Monte Arci alkaline (hawaiites to trachytes), subalkaline with a marked calc-alkaline character (basalts to dacites) and rhyolitic lavas were erupted almost simultaneously in Late Pliocene time. Major- and trace-element chemistry, microprobe mineralogy and isotopic data suggest a partial melting origin for both rhyolites and subalkaline rocks. Different sources are however inferred for two rock series: homogeneous, calc-alkaline in nature for subalkaline rocks; unhomogeneous, richer in 87Sr, for rhyolitic ones. Crystal fractionation differentiation from subcrustal alkali-basalts should have been the main process in the genesis of alkaline rocks. Large-scale contaminations with rhyolitic and/or alkaline rocks are evident in many of these lavas. Such a complicated magmatic association characterizes an area where volcanism related to post-collisional tensional movements in Pliocene time superimposes to Middle Miocene calc-alkaline basic volcanism related to previous subduction processes. The Pliocene volcanic history of Monte Arci emphasizes the influence of the paleogeodynamic environment on the nature of magmas erupted in post-continental collision areas, that are frequently difficult to arrange in the usual schemas connecting magma composition with tectonic setting.

Experimental Investigation of the Influence of Joint Geometric Configurations on the Mechanical Properties of Intermittent Jointed Rock Models Under Cyclic Uniaxial Compression

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Yi; Dai, Feng; Fan, Pengxian; Xu, Nuwen; Dong, Lu

2017-06-01

Intermittent joints in rock mass are quite sensitive to cyclic loading conditions. Understanding the fatigue mechanical properties of jointed rocks is beneficial for rational design and stability analysis of rock engineering projects. This study experimentally investigated the influences of joint geometry (i.e., dip angle, persistency, density and spacing) on the fatigue mechanism of synthetic jointed rock models. Our results revealed that the stress-strain curve of jointed rock under cyclic loadings is dominated by its curve under monotonic uniaxial loadings; the terminal strain in fatigue curve is equal to the post-peak strain corresponding to the maximum cyclic stress in the monotonic stress-strain curve. The four joint geometrical parameters studied significantly affect the fatigue properties of jointed rocks, including the irreversible strains, the fatigue deformation modulus, the energy evolution, the damage variable and the crack coalescence patterns. The higher the values of the geometrical parameters, the lower the elastic energy stores in this jointed rock, the higher the fatigue damage accumulates in the first few cycles, and the lower the fatigue life. The elastic energy has certain storage limitation, at which the fatigue failure occurs. Two basic micro-cracks, i.e., tensile wing crack and shear crack, are observed in cyclic loading and unloading tests, which are controlled principally by joint dip angle and persistency. In general, shear cracks only occur in the jointed rock with higher dip angle or higher persistency, and the jointed rock is characterized by lower fatigue strength, larger damage variable and lower fatigue life.

Ant Colony Optimization Analysis on Overall Stability of High Arch Dam Basis of Field Monitoring

PubMed Central

Liu, Xiaoli; Chen, Hong-Xin; Kim, Jinxie

2014-01-01

A dam ant colony optimization (D-ACO) analysis of the overall stability of high arch dams on complicated foundations is presented in this paper. A modified ant colony optimization (ACO) model is proposed for obtaining dam concrete and rock mechanical parameters. A typical dam parameter feedback problem is proposed for nonlinear back-analysis numerical model based on field monitoring deformation and ACO. The basic principle of the proposed model is the establishment of the objective function of optimizing real concrete and rock mechanical parameter. The feedback analysis is then implemented with a modified ant colony algorithm. The algorithm performance is satisfactory, and the accuracy is verified. The m groups of feedback parameters, used to run a nonlinear FEM code, and the displacement and stress distribution are discussed. A feedback analysis of the deformation of the Lijiaxia arch dam and based on the modified ant colony optimization method is also conducted. By considering various material parameters obtained using different analysis methods, comparative analyses were conducted on dam displacements, stress distribution characteristics, and overall dam stability. The comparison results show that the proposal model can effectively solve for feedback multiple parameters of dam concrete and rock material and basically satisfy assessment requirements for geotechnical structural engineering discipline. PMID:25025089

Bibliographic Instruction Handbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Association of Coll. and Research Libraries, Chicago, IL.

Based on the ACRL Guidelines for Bibliographic Instruction, this handbook is intended not only to provide guidance in the development of instruction programs, but also to stimulate discussion within the profession. It consists of the guidelines, five model statements and checklists, a glossary, and a pathfinder. The guidelines present generally…

Crystallographic Data Centre Services and Publications.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cambridge Univ. (England). Chemical Lab.

The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre is concerned with the retrieval, evaluation, synthesis, and dissemination of structural data based on diffraction methods. The source of input is almost entirely primary journals. Bibliographic information and numeric data on crystal and molecular structures are on magnetic tapes. The bibliographic file…

The Impact of Online Bibliographic Databases on Teaching and Research in Political Science.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reichel, Mary

The availability of online bibliographic databases greatly facilitates literature searching in political science. The advantages to searching databases online include combination of concepts, comprehensiveness, multiple database searching, free-text searching, currency, current awareness services, document delivery service, and convenience.…

Bibliographic Instruction and the Development of Online Catalogs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McDonald, David R.; Searing, Susan E.

1983-01-01

Discusses the definition of an online library catalog; five factors to be considered by the online catalog designer; user-computer communication (error messages, help screens, prompts, unnatural language); online tutorials and offline instruction offered by bibliographic instruction librarians; and the current situation. Nine references are…

Integration of Heterogeneous Bibliographic Information through Data Abstractions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Breazeal, Juliette Ow

This study examines the integration of heterogeneous bibliographic information resources from geographically distributed locations in an automated, unified, and controlled way using abstract data types called "classes" through the Message-Object Model defined in Smalltalk-80 software. The concept of achieving data consistency by…

The Cybernetics of Bibliographic Control: Toward a Theory of Document Retrieval Systems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wellisch, Hans H.

1980-01-01

Explores the concept of cataloging, analyzes its functions and operations, and holds that as a control system bibliographic organization is subject to the laws of cybernetics. The role of relevance and the limitations of some regulatory devices are examined. (FM)

Librarians and Teaching Faculty: Partners in Bibliographic Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carlson, David; Miller, Ruth H.

1984-01-01

This paper focuses on critical factors regarding the effectiveness of the course-related or course-integrated mode of bibliographic instruction: administrative problems (cost in time and personnel, coordination and scheduling materials development); critical role of faculty; consistency of instruction; transference of library knowledge from one…

IFLA General Conference, 1987. Division of Bibliographic Control. Cataloging Section. Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

The five papers in this collection focus on bibliographic control: (1) "Developments and Progress in Bibliography" (B. C. Bloomfield, Chairman, Section on Bibliography); (2) "Developments and Progress in Cataloguing" (Tom Delsey, Chairman, Section on Cataloging); (3) "Developments and Progress in Classification and…

Nuclear data and related services

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tuli, J. K.

1985-10-01

National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC) maintains a number of data bases containing bibliographic information and evaluated as well as experimental nuclear properties. An evaluated computer file maintained by the NNDC, called the Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File (ENSDF), contains nuclear structure information for all known nuclides. The ENSDF is the source for the journal Nuclear Data Sheets which is produced and edited by NNDC. The Evaluated Nuclear Data File (ENDF), on the other hand is designed for storage and retrieval of such evaluated nuclear data as are used in neutronic, photonic, and decay heat calculations in a large variety of applications. Some of the publications from these data bases are the Nuclear Wallet Cards, Radioactivity Handbook, and books on neutron cross sections and resonance parameters. In addition, the NNDC maintains three bibliographic files: NSR - for nuclear structure and decay data related references, CINDA - a bibliographic file for neutron induced reactions, and CPBIB for charged particle reactions. Selected retrievals from evaluated data and bibliographic files are possible on-line or on request from NNDC.

Users guide for the Water Resources Division bibliographic retrieval and report generation system

USGS Publications Warehouse

Tamberg, Nora

1983-01-01

The WRDBIB Retrieval and Report-generation system has been developed by applying Multitrieve (CSD 1980, Reston) software to bibliographic data files. The WRDBIB data base includes some 9 ,000 records containing bibliographic citations and descriptors of WRD reports released for publication during 1968-1982. The data base is resident in the Reston Multics computer and may be accessed by registered Multics users in the field. The WRDBIB Users Guide provides detailed procedures on how to run retrieval programs using WRDBIB library files, and how to prepare custom bibliographic reports and author indexes. Users may search the WRDBIB data base on the following variable fields as described in the Data Dictionary: Authors, organizational source, title, citation, publication year, descriptors, and the WRSIC (accession) number. The Users Guide provides ample examples of program runs illustrating various retrieval and report generation aspects. Appendices include Multics access and file manipulation procedures; a ' Glossary of Selected Terms'; and a complete ' Retrieval Session ' with step-by-step outlines. (USGS)

(BARS) -- Bibliographic Retrieval System Sandia Shock Compression (SSC) database Shock Physics Index (SPHINX) database. Volume 1: UNIX version query guide customized application for INGRES

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Herrmann, W.; von Laven, G.M.; Parker, T.

1993-09-01

The Bibliographic Retrieval System (BARS) is a data base management system specially designed to retrieve bibliographic references. Two databases are available, (i) the Sandia Shock Compression (SSC) database which contains over 5700 references to the literature related to stress waves in solids and their applications, and (ii) the Shock Physics Index (SPHINX) which includes over 8000 further references to stress waves in solids, material properties at intermediate and low rates, ballistic and hypervelocity impact, and explosive or shock fabrication methods. There is some overlap in the information in the two data bases.

Implications of Late Cretaceous U-Pb zircon ages of granitic intrusions cutting ophiolitic and volcanogenic rocks for the assembly of the Tauride allochthon in SE Anatolia (Helete area, Kahramanmaraş Region, SE Turkey)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nurlu, Nusret; Parlak, Osman; Robertson, Alastair; von Quadt, Albrecht

2016-01-01

An assemblage of NE-SW-trending, imbricate thrust slices (c. 26 km E-W long × 6.3 km N-S) of granitic rocks, basic-felsic volcanogenic rocks (Helete volcanics), ophiolitic rocks (Meydan ophiolite) and melange (Meydan melange) is exposed near the Tauride thrust front in SE Anatolia. The volcanogenic rocks were previously assumed to be Eocene because of associated Nummulitic limestones. However, ion probe U-Pb dating of zircons extracted from the intrusive granitic rocks yielded ages of 92.9 ± 2.2-83.1 ± 1.5 Ma (Cenomanian-Campanian). The Helete volcanic unit and the overlying Meydan ophiolitic rocks both are intruded by granitic rocks of similar age and composition. Structurally underlying ophiolite-related melange includes similar-aged, but fragmented granitic intrusions. Major, trace element and rare earth element analyses coupled with electron microprobe analysis of the granitic rocks show that they are metaluminus to peraluminus and calc-alkaline in composition. A magmatic arc setting is inferred from a combination of tectonomagmatic discrimination, ocean ridge granite-normalized multi-element patterns and biotite geochemistry. Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data further suggest that the granitoid rocks were derived from variably mixed mantle and crustal sources. Granitic rocks cutting the intrusive rocks are inferred to have crystallized at ~5-16 km depth. The volcanogenic rocks and granitic rocks originated in a supra-subduction zone setting that was widely developed throughout SE Anatolia. Initial tectonic assembly took place during the Late Cretaceous probably related to northward subduction and accretion beneath the Tauride continent (Keban and Malatya platforms). Initial tectonic assembly was followed by exhumation and then transgression by shelf-depth Nummulitic limestones during Mid-Eocene, as documented in several key outcrops. Final emplacement onto the Arabian continental margin took place during the Early Miocene.

Electronic Resources: Selection and Bibliographic Control.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pattie, Ling-yuh W., Ed.; Cox, Bonnie Jean, Ed.

This book is a baseline guide for professionals and library school students on issues that concern the selection and bibliographic control of electronic resources, from both conceptual and pragmatic standpoints. The book includes the following articles: (1) "Foreward" (Lois Mai Chan); (2) "Introduction" (Ling-yuh W. (Miko)…

Teaching Composition: Twelve Bibliographical Essays. Revised and Enlarged Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tate, Gary, Ed.

Intended for teachers of composition courses, this book provides twelve bibliographic essays covering various aspects of composition studies. The list of essays are as follows: (1) "Recent Developments in Rhetorical Invention" (Richard Young); (2) "Structure and Form in Non-Narrative Prose" (Richard L. Larson); (3)…

The "New" Age: A Bibliographic Essay.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chandler, Daniel Ross

This bibliographic essay describes and discusses important books in a variety of thematic areas associated with the New Age Movement, which is a distinctive communicative phenomenon characterized by unconventional beliefs and activities. The essay argues that the single subject pervading the peculiar phenomena and puzzling thoughtful critics is…

The Analytical Bibliographer and the Conservator.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koda, Paul S.

1979-01-01

Discusses areas where the work of analytical bibliographers and conservators overlaps and diverges in relation to their techniques and inquiries in handling physical books. Special attention is paid to their attitudes to physical details, the ways they record information, ethical questions, and the need for a common language. (Author)

Bibliographic Utilities and the Use of Microcomputers in Libraries: Current and Projected Practices.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McAninch, Glen

1986-01-01

Bibliographic utilities are marketing specially designed hardware and software that permit libraries to patch together automated cataloging, acquisitions, serials control, reference, online public catalogs, circulation, interlibrary loan, and administrative functions. The increasing complexity of the technology is making it more difficult to…

BISA/Bibliographic Information on Southeast Asia.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sydney Univ. (Australia).

This document outlines the Bibliographic Information on Southeast Asia data bases (BISA), a project that has been established to provide greater access to and utilization of Australian library resources on Southeast Asia. The nine sections of the report cover BISA's objectives; the project's justification, which considers Australian holdings,…

Halley's Comet: A Bibliographic Essay.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gallant, Stephen L.

1985-01-01

This bibliographic essay evaluates six books on Halley's Comet as science writings that fall into three categories: middle school and junior high-level books; senior high to adult-level books; and advanced level. Author, number of pages, publication date, price, International Standard Book Number, and publisher information are provided. (EJS)

Cable Television; A Bibliographic Review.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schoenung, James

This bibliographic review of publications in the field of cable television begins with an introduction to cable television and an outline of the history and development of cable television. Particular attention is given to the regulatory activities of the Federal Communications Commission and the unfulfilled potential of cable television. The…

Bibliographic Records in an Online Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cossham, Amanda F.

2013-01-01

Introduction: The IFLA functional requirements for bibliographic records model has had a major impact on cataloguing principles and practices over the past fifteen years. This paper evaluates the model in the light of changes in the wider information environment (especially to information resources and retrieval) and in information seeking…

Teaching Information Retrieval: Lessons from Cornell.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stewart, Linda Guyotte; Markiewicz, James

1986-01-01

This article describes two separate workshops offered to college faculty during the spring 1984 semester: one in online bibliographic searching, one in using computers to manage personal files of bibliographic references (examination of existing systems, types of software available). A telephone survey evaluation conducted 3 months after sessions…

Software Reviews.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McGrath, Diane, Ed.

1989-01-01

Provides reviews of courseware entitled: "Mystery Matter," which is a series that supplements the basic inquiry process; "Jumping Math Flash," which is an arcade-game program with arithmetic problems; and "Quest for Files: Science Rocks and Minerals The Upper Crust," which is a database program for earth science.…

LITERARY SUPPORT TO THE VEGETABLE ORIGIN OF SHILAJIT

PubMed Central

Lal, V. K.; Panday, K. K.; Kapoor, M. L.

1988-01-01

Shilajit, exuding from the rocks of mountains has been proved to be basically derived from the latex of cactus like Euphorbia species. Therefore, in the present communication, an attempt has been made to provide similar information from the ayurvedic literatures. PMID:22557605

Electrical conductivity measurement of granulite under mid- to lower crustal pressure-temperature conditions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fuji-ta, K.; Katsura, T.; Tainosho, Y.

2004-04-01

We have developed a technique to measure electrical conductivity of crustal rocks with relatively low conductivity and complicated mineral components in order to compare with results given by magneto-telluric (MT) measurements. A granulite from Hidaka metamorphic belt (HMB) in Hokkaido, Japan at high temperature and pressure conditions was obtained. The granulite sample was ground and sintered under the conditions similar to those of mid- to lower crust. We have observed smooth and reversible change of conductivity with temperature up to about 900 K at 1 GPa. The results were consistent with the electrical conductivity structures suggested by the MT data analysis. Considering pore fluid conduction mechanism or the role of accessory minerals in the rock, the mechanisms of electrical conductivity paths in dry or basic rocks should be reconsidered.

Geochemical and Sm-Nd isotope-geochemical patterns of metavolcanic rocks, diabase, and metagabbroids on the northeastern flank of the South Mongolian-Khingan orogenic belt

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smirnov, Yu. V.; Sorokin, A. A.

2017-05-01

The first results of geochemical and Sm-Nd isotope-geochemical studies of metavolcanic rocks, metagabbroids, and diabase of the Nora-Sukhotino terrane, the least studied part of the South Mongolian-Khingan orogenic belt in the system of the Central Asian orogenic belt are reported. It is established that the basic rocks composing this terrane include varieties comparable with E-MORB, tholeiitic, and calc-alkaline basalt of island arc, calc-alkaline gabbro-diabase, and gabbroids of island arcs. Most likely, these formations should be correlated with metabasalt and associated Late Ordovician gabbro-amphibolite of the Sukdulkin "block" of the South Mongolian-Khingan orogenic belt, which are similar to tholeiite of intraplate island arcs by their geochemical characteristics.

Geochemical constraints on the petrogenesis of the pyroclastic rocks in Abakaliki basin (Lower Benue Rift), Southeastern Nigeria

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chukwu, Anthony; Obiora, Smart C.

2018-05-01

The pyroclastic rocks in the Cretaceous Abakaliki basin occur mostly as oval-shaped bodies, consisting of lithic/lava and vitric fragments. They are commonly characterized by parallel and cross laminations, as well contain xenoliths of shale, mudstone and siltstones from the older Asu River Group of Albian age. The rocks are basic to ultrabasic in composition, comprising altered alkali basalts, altered tuffs, minor lapillistones and agglomerates. The mineral compositions are characterized mainly by laths of calcic plagioclase, pyroxene (altered), altered olivines and opaques. Calcite, zeolite and quartz represent the secondary mineral constituents. Geochemically, two groups of volcaniclastic rocks, are distinguished: alkaline and tholeiitic rocks, both represented by fresh and altered rock samples. The older alkali basalts occur within the core of the Abakaliki anticlinorium while the younger tholeiites occur towards the periphery. Though most of the rocks are moderate to highly altered [Loss on ignition (LOI, 3.43-22.07 wt. %)], the use of immobile trace element such as Nb, Zr, Y, Hf, Ti, Ta and REEs reflect asthenospheric mantle source compositions. The rocks are enriched in incompatible elements and REEs (∑REE = 87.98-281.0 ppm for alkaline and 69.45-287.99 ppm for tholeiites). The ratios of La/Ybn are higher in the alkaline rocks ranging from 7.69 to 31.55 compared to the tholeiitic rocks which range from 4.4 to 16.89 and indicating the presence of garnet-bearing lherzolite in the source mantle. The spidergrams and REEs patterns along with Zr/Nb, Ba/Nb, Rb/Nb ratios suggest that the rocks were generated by a mantle plume from partial melting of mixed enriched mantle sources (HIMU, EMI and EMII) similar to the rocks of the south Atlantic Ocean such as St. Helena (alkaline rocks) and Ascension rocks (tholeiitic rocks). The rocks were formed in a within-plate setting of the intra-continental rift type similar to other igneous rocks in the Benue Rift and are not related to any subduction event as previously suggested.

College Libraries and Resource Sharing: Testing a Compact Disc Union Catalog.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Townley, Charles T.

1992-01-01

Presents results of an evaluation of C.D. Cat, a CD-ROM union catalog developed by the Associated College Libraries of Central Pennsylvania consortium. Outcomes are reported in the areas of bibliographic quality, user evaluation, public relations strategies, bibliographic instruction, and guidelines for continuing operations. Recommendations are…

The Organization of Knowledge and Bibliographic Classification in Nineteenth-Century America

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wisser, Katherine M.

2009-01-01

Bibliographic classification is culturally bound. This research examines the classification systems created for social libraries in the first half of the nineteenth century in the United States. Social libraries are defined as institutions that have voluntary membership and are dependent on membership fees. Seventeen classified catalogs were…

Twilight of the Gods? Bibliographers in the Electronic Age.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hazen, Dan

2000-01-01

Examines bibliographers and collection development in terms of seven sometimes overlapping contexts in order to gauge how and why their roles have changed in the past and to speculate about the future. Dimensions examined include the system of scholarly communication; information marketplace; library and university as organization; technological…

Government Publications; a Guide to Bibliographic Tools. Fourth Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palic, Vladimir M.

Current and retrospective bibliographic aids are listed for official publications issued by the United States, foreign countries, and international governmental organizations. The material is arranged by geographic area, with U.S. federal, state, and local government publications listed separately. A short history of each U.S. government agency is…

Drowning in Data: Sorting through CD ROM and Computer Databases.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cates, Carl M.; Kaye, Barbara K.

This paper identifies the bibliographic and numeric databases on CD-ROM and computer diskette that should be most useful for investigators in communication, marketing, and communication education. Bibliographic databases are usually found in three formats: citations only, citations and abstracts, and full-text articles. Numeric databases are…

The Shared Bibliographic Input Network (SBIN): A Summary of the Experiment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cotter, Gladys A.

As part of its mission to provide centralized services for the acquisition, storage, retrieval, and dissemination of scientific and technical information (STI) to support Department of Defense (DoD) research, development, and engineering studies programs, the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) sponsors the Shared Bibliographic Input…

Library Services for Australia: The Work of AACOBS.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Library of Australia, Canberra.

Activities of the Australian Advisory Council on Bibliographical Services (AACOBS) in 1976 included a series of initiatives designed to promote, improve, and systematise the provision of library and information services on a nation-wide basis. This report discusses work in the area of (1) bibliographical services--work in progress, control of…

Recreation and Leisure: Issues for Adolescents with Chronic Illnesses and Disabilities. CYDLINE Reviews.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis. National Center for Youth with Disabilities.

This bibliography presents 162 annotated references (including bibliographic materials, training and educational materials, and programs) about issues of recreation and leisure for adolescents and young adults with chronic illnesses and disabilities. Each reference usually contains a full bibliographic citation, a brief descriptive abstract, and…

Common Bibliographic Standards for Baylor University Libraries. Revised.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scott, Sharon; And Others

Developed by a Baylor University (Texas) Task Force, the revised policies of bibliographic standards for the university libraries provide formats for: (1) archives and manuscript control; (2) audiovisual media; (3) books; (4) machine-readable data files; (5) maps; (6) music scores; (7) serials; and (8) sound recordings. The task force assumptions…

Partnerships To Mine Unexploited Sources of Metadata.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reynolds, Regina Romano

This paper discusses the metadata created for other purposes as a potential source of bibliographic data. The first section addresses collecting metadata by means of templates, including the Nordic Metadata Project's Dublin Core Metadata Template. The second section considers potential partnerships for re-purposing metadata for bibliographic use,…

An Art Information System: From Integration to Interpretation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barnett, Patricia J.

1988-01-01

Explores the qualities of bibliographic and object entities that contribute to the similarities and differences in the data describing them and the possibility of cooperation between indexers of art objects and indexers of bibliographic information. The discussion covers the role of authority control as the linking component between bibliographic…

Bibliographic Management Software Seminars: Funding and Implementation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henry, Marcia

This paper contains the grant proposal and final report for a project conducted by the California State University at Northridge library to demonstrate online database searching and introduce the use of bibliographic management software to faculty and graduate students. Day-long, discipline-oriented seminars were planned to increase the…

IFLA General Conference, 1984. Bibliographic Control Division. Sections on Bibliography, Cataloging, and Classification. Part 1. Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

Papers on bibliography, cataloging, and classification presented at the 1984 IFLA general conference include: (1) "Bibliographic Control: Zimbabwe's Present Practices and Hopes for the Future" (Angeline S. Kamba, Zimbabwe); (2) "Classification and Subject Cataloguing in Kenya" (Margaret N. Muriuki, Kenya); (3)…

Analysis of a Bibliographic Database Enhanced with a Library Classification.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Drabenstott, Karen Markey; And Others

1990-01-01

Describes a project that examined the effects of incorporating subject terms from the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) into a bibliographic database. It is concluded that the incorporation of DDC and possibly other library classifications into online catalogs can enhance subject access and provide additional subject searching strategies. (11…

Online Petroleum Industry Bibliographic Databases: A Review.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderson, Margaret B.

This paper discusses the present status of the bibliographic database industry, reviews the development of online databases of interest to the petroleum industry, and considers future developments in online searching and their effect on libraries and information centers. Three groups of databases are described: (1) databases developed by the…

Bibliographic Post-Processing with the TIS Intelligent Gateway: Analytical and Communication Capabilities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burton, Hilary D.

TIS (Technology Information System) is an intelligent gateway system capable of performing quantitative evaluation and analysis of bibliographic citations using a set of Process functions. Originally developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to analyze information retrieved from three major federal databases, DOE/RECON,…

Scrutiny of the Bounty or Teaching Critical Thinking in

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cash, D. Michele

This paper, presented at the Indiana Library Association Meeting, discusses critical thinking in general terms and then briefly discusses why it is important to include critical thinking skills in bibliographic instruction sessions at the higher education level. A discussion of the instructional design of bibliographic instruction in relation to…

Two Medical Literatures That Are Logically But Not Bibliographically Connected.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swanson, Don R.

1987-01-01

Describes a study which demonstrates that unintended logical connections within scientific literature, which potentially reveal new knowledge, are unmarked by reference citations or other bibliographic clues. Citation analysis of two separate literatures in biomedicine that have a logical link is used to support this hypothesis. (Author/CLB)

Communication in a Diverse Classroom: An Annotated Bibliographic Review

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Rachelle

2016-01-01

Students have social and personal needs to fulfill and communicate these needs in different ways. This annotated bibliographic review examined communication studies to provide educators of diverse classrooms with ideas to build an environment that contributes to student well-being. Participants in the studies ranged in age, ability, and cultural…

Learning Style Theory and Bibliographic Instruction: The Quest for Effective Bibliographic Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bodi, Sonia

Instructional librarians in academic libraries continue to think critically about their function, methodology, and teaching effectiveness as they assist students in their quests for knowledge. While several factors identify effective teaching, one important component is teaching to the diversity of learning styles of the students. This paper…

Cataloguing and Classification Section. Bibliographic Control Division. Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

Papers on cataloging, classification, and coding systems which were presented at the 1982 International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) conference include: (1) "Numbering and Coding Systems for Bibliographic Control in Use in North America" by Lois Mai Chan (United States); (2) "A Project Undertaken by the Library of…

The Relevance Aura of Bibliographic Records.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brooks, Terrence A.

1997-01-01

Analyzes relevance assessments of topical descriptors for bibliographic records for two dimensions: (1) a vertical conceptual hierarchy of broad to narrow descriptors, and (2) a horizontal linkage of related terms. The data were analyzed for a semantic distance and semantic direction effect as postulated by the Semantic Distance Model. (Author/LRW)

Dispelling the "Old Green Spinach": Impressions of Bibliographic Instruction in Eastern Europe.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swensen, Rolf; Garrison-Terry, Suzanne

1994-01-01

Describes the historical development of libraries and bibliographic instruction (BI) under the Communist system; provides impressions of research libraries visited during a tour of Saint Petersburg (Russia), Kiev (Ukraine), and Budapest (Hungary); and gives examples of BI as it exists in Eastern Europe today. (KRN)

Bibliographic Control of Large Quantities of Research Material.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evans, Martha M.

1983-01-01

Guidelines for individual researcher describe bibliographic methods for achieving high standards of quality while maintaining maximum efficiency in each step of all necessary procedures involved in the construction of a bibliography ranging from several hundred to several thousand items. Ways to minimize waste motion and duplication of effort are…

The Supreme Court at the Bar of History: A Bibliographic Essay.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stephenson, D. Grier, Jr.

1998-01-01

Presents a bibliographic essay surveying research and literature on the United States Supreme Court. Divides literature on the Court into six categories: (1) constitutional interpretation; (2) general and period histories; (3) biographies; (4) case studies; (5) judicial process; and (6) reference works. Includes a four-page bibliography. (DSK)

Using dBASE II for Bibliographic Files.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sullivan, Jeanette

1985-01-01

Describes use of a database management system (dBASE II, produced by Ashton-Tate), noting best features and disadvantages. Highlights include data entry, multiple access points available, training requirements, use of dBASE for a bibliographic application, auxiliary software, and dBASE updates. Sample searches, auxiliary programs, and requirements…

Landslide Hazard Map of The Upper Tiber River Basin, Central Italy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cardinali, M.; Carrara, A.; Guzzetti, F.; Reichenbach, P.

For the Upper Tiber River basin, which extends over 4000 km2 in Central Italy, a landslide hazard map was derived from a statistical model based on a mix of morpho- logical, lithological, structural and land use data. All these data were obtained from the analysis of different sets of aerial photographs, ranging in scale from 1:33,000 to 1:13,000, systematic field surveys and bibliographical information. Rock types were grouped in 37 units on the basis of the hard vs. soft rock percentage, as as- certained from photo-geological interpretation and field surveys. During the photo- interpretation, the spatial relations between bedding plane attitude and slope aspect were also systematically determined. The landslide inventory map recognised 17,600 slope-failures that cover nearly 12.5% of the basin area. Landslides, which are mainly slide flow slide earth-flow and compound or complex movements, were classified and mapped as shallow or deep seated. A DTM, with a grid resolution of 25x25 m, was derived from digitised contour lines of base topographic maps, 1:25,000.in scale. The basin was then automatically partitioned into nearly 16,000 main slope-units through a specifically-designed software module that, starting from a high quality DTM gen- erates fully connected and complementary drainage and divide networks and a wide spectrum of morphometric parameters. Main slope-units were then subdivided accord- ing to the major rock types cropping out in the basin generating over 28,700 hydro- morphological-lithological terrain-units. Using the presence/absence of landslide in each terrain unit, as the grouping variable, a stepwise discriminant function was ap- plied to the terrain units. of the 50 variables entered into the discriminant function, 15 are lithological, 15 morphological, 11 express the structural setting or bedding plane attitude, 7 refer to land use and the last 2 reflect local climatic conditions. The model proved to be capable of correctly classifying as stable or unstable over 75% of the terrain units.

Space Rocks Tell Their Secrets: Space Science Applications of Physics and Chemistry for High School and College Classes. Update.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lindstrom, M. M.; Tobola, K. W.; Allen, J. S.; Stocco, K.; Henry, M.; Allen, J. S.; McReynolds, Julie; Porter, T. Todd; Veile, Jeri

2005-01-01

As the scientific community studies Mars remotely for signs of life and uses Martian meteorites as its only available samples, teachers, students, and the general public continue to ask, "How do we know these meteorites are from Mars?" This question sets the stage for a six-lesson instructional package Space Rocks Tell Their Secrets. Expanding on the short answer "It's the chemistry of the rock", students are introduced to the research that reveals the true identities of the rocks. Since few high school or beginning college students have the opportunity to participate in this level of research, a slide presentation introduces them to the labs, samples, and people involved with the research. As they work through the lessons and interpret authentic data, students realize that the research is an application of two basic science concepts taught in the classroom, the electromagnetic spectrum and isotopes. Additional information is included in the original extended abstract.

Space Rocks Tell Their Secrets: Space Science Applications of Physics and Chemistry for High School and College Classes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lindstrom, M. M.; Tobola, K. W.; Stocco, K.; Henry, M.; Allen, J. S.

2003-01-01

As the scientific community studies Mars remotely for signs of life and uses Martian meteorites as its only available samples, teachers, students, and the general public continue to ask, "How do we know these meteorites are from Mars?" This question sets the stage for a three-lesson instructional package Space Rocks Tell Their Secrets. Expanding on the short answer "It's the chemistry of the rock", students are introduced to the research that reveals the true identities of the rocks. Since few high school or beginning college students have the opportunity to participate in this level of research, a slide presentation introduces them to the labs, samples, and people involved with the research. As they work through the lessons and interpret real data, students realize that the research is an application of basic science concepts they should know, the electromagnetic spectrum and isotopes. They can understand the results without knowing how to do the research or operate the instruments.

Fractionation of rare-earth elements in allanite and monazite as related to geology of the Mt. Wheeler mine area, Nevada

USGS Publications Warehouse

Lee, D.E.; Bastron, H.

1967-01-01

Rare-earth contents of 20 allanites and 13 monazites, accessory minerals from a restricted outcrop area of intrusive granitic rocks, are reported. A quantity called sigma (??), which is the sum of the atomic percentages of La, Ce and Pr, is used as an index of composition with respect to the rare-earth elements. Values of sigma vary from 61.3 to 80.9 at.% for these allanites and monazites, representing an appreciable range of composition in terms of the rare-earth elements. Degree of fractionation of rare earths varies directly with CaO content of the granitic rocks, which in turn depends largely on proximity of limestone. Four xenoliths included in the study suggest that spotty mosaic equilibria are superimposed on the regional gradients and that locally the degree of fractionation of rare earths responds to whole rock composition over distances of a few yards or less. The chemistry of the granitic rocks under study appears to be similar in some respects to that of alkalio rocks and carbonatites. Allanites from the most calcium-rich rocks show a pronounced concentration of the most basic rare earths, and whole-rock concentrations of such rare constituents as total cerium earths, Zr, F, Ti, Ba and Sr increase sympathetically with whole-rock calcium. The explanation for the concentration gradients observed in this chemical system must involve assimilation more than magmatic differentiation. ?? 1967.

Proceedings of the International Symposium on Dynamics of Fluids in Fractured Rocks: Concepts and Recent Advances

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Faybishenko, B.

1999-02-01

This publication contains extended abstracts of papers presented at the International Symposium ''Dynamics of Fluids in Fractured Rocks: Concepts and Recent Advances'' held at Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory on February 10-12, 1999. This Symposium is organized in Honor of the 80th Birthday of Paul A. Witherspoon, who initiated some of the early investigations on flow and transport in fractured rocks at the University of California, Berkeley, and at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. He is a key figure in the development of basic concepts, modeling, and field measurements of fluid flow and contaminant transport in fractured rock systems. Themore » technical problems of assessing fluid flow, radionuclide transport, site characterization, modeling, and performance assessment in fractured rocks remain the most challenging aspects of subsurface flow and transport investigations. An understanding of these important aspects of hydrogeology is needed to assess disposal of nu clear wastes, development of geothermal resources, production of oil and gas resources, and remediation of contaminated sites. These Proceedings of more than 100 papers from 12 countries discuss recent scientific and practical developments and the status of our understanding of fluid flow and radionuclide transport in fractured rocks. The main topics of the papers are: Theoretical studies of fluid flow in fractured rocks; Multi-phase flow and reactive chemical transport in fractured rocks; Fracture/matrix interactions; Hydrogeological and transport testing; Fracture flow models; Vadose zone studies; Isotopic studies of flow in fractured systems; Fractures in geothermal systems; Remediation and colloid transport in fractured systems; and Nuclear waste disposal in fractured rocks.« less

[Personality disorders, psychopathy and serial killers].

PubMed

Morana, Hilda C P; Stone, Michael H; Abdalla-Filho, Elias

2006-10-01

To illustrate the basic characteristics of several specific personality disorders, focusing mainly in antisocial personality disorder. The differences between antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy are highlighted. Serial killers and its psychopathic aspects are also discussed. A bibliographic review was completed in order to outline convergences and divergences among different authors about this controversial issue, especially those concerning the possibility of treatment. While anti-social personality disorder is a medical diagnosis, the term "psychopathy" (which belongs to the sphere of forensic psychiatry) may be understood as a "legal diagnosis". It is not still possible to identify an effective treatment for serial killers. Personality disorders, especially of the antisocial type, still represent a formidable challenge to forensic psychiatry today. Questions as yet unanswered include the best and most humane place for patients with this condition and the nature of a standardised treatment recommendation.

The mirror neuron system in post-stroke rehabilitation

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Different treatments for stroke patients have been proposed; among them the mirror therapy and motion imagery lead to functional recovery by providing a cortical reorganization. Up today the basic concepts of the current literature on mirror neurons and the major findings regarding the use of mirror therapy and motor imagery as potential tools to promote reorganization and functional recovery in post-stroke patients. Bibliographic research was conducted based on publications over the past thirteen years written in English in the databases Scielo, Pubmed/MEDLINE, ISI Web of Knowledge. The studies showed how the interaction among vision, proprioception and motor commands promotes the recruitment of mirror neurons, thus providing cortical reorganization and functional recovery of post-stroke patients. We conclude that the experimental advances on Mirror Neurons will bring new rational therapeutic approaches to post-stroke rehabilitation. PMID:24134862

The mirror neuron system in post-stroke rehabilitation.

PubMed

Carvalho, Diana; Teixeira, Silmar; Lucas, Marina; Yuan, Ti-Fei; Chaves, Fernanda; Peressutti, Caroline; Machado, Sergio; Bittencourt, Juliana; Menéndez-González, Manuel; Nardi, Antonio Egidio; Velasques, Bruna; Cagy, Mauricio; Piedade, Roberto; Ribeiro, Pedro; Arias-Carrión, Oscar

2013-10-17

Different treatments for stroke patients have been proposed; among them the mirror therapy and motion imagery lead to functional recovery by providing a cortical reorganization. Up today the basic concepts of the current literature on mirror neurons and the major findings regarding the use of mirror therapy and motor imagery as potential tools to promote reorganization and functional recovery in post-stroke patients. Bibliographic research was conducted based on publications over the past thirteen years written in English in the databases Scielo, Pubmed/MEDLINE, ISI Web of Knowledge. The studies showed how the interaction among vision, proprioception and motor commands promotes the recruitment of mirror neurons, thus providing cortical reorganization and functional recovery of post-stroke patients. We conclude that the experimental advances on Mirror Neurons will bring new rational therapeutic approaches to post-stroke rehabilitation.

Solar Schools: Rock LaFleche Development Center; Troy Elementary Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

School Business Affairs, 1979

1979-01-01

A solar heating and hot water system are part of the basic design at a center for severely handicapped children in California. A computer will be recording temperature and energy usage at the largest solar installation in a Michigan school. (Author/MLF)

Evaluation of Rock Surface Characterization by Means of Temperature Distribution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Seker, D. Z.; Incekara, A. H.; Acar, A.; Kaya, S.; Bayram, B.; Sivri, N.

2017-12-01

Rocks have many different types which are formed over many years. Close range photogrammetry is a techniques widely used and preferred rather than other conventional methods. In this method, the photographs overlapping each other are the basic data source of the point cloud data which is the main data source for 3D model that provides analysts automation possibility. Due to irregular and complex structures of rocks, representation of their surfaces with a large number points is more effective. Color differences caused by weathering on the rock surfaces or naturally occurring make it possible to produce enough number of point clouds from the photographs. Objects such as small trees, shrubs and weeds on and around the surface also contribute to this. These differences and properties are important for efficient operation of pixel matching algorithms to generate adequate point cloud from photographs. In this study, possibilities of using temperature distribution for interpretation of roughness of rock surface which is one of the parameters representing the surface, was investigated. For the study, a small rock which is in size of 3 m x 1 m, located at ITU Ayazaga Campus was selected as study object. Two different methods were used. The first one is production of producing choropleth map by interpolation using temperature values of control points marked on object which were also used in 3D model. 3D object model was created with the help of terrestrial photographs and 12 control points marked on the object and coordinated. Temperature value of control points were measured by using infrared thermometer and used as basic data source in order to create choropleth map with interpolation. Temperature values range from 32 to 37.2 degrees. In the second method, 3D object model was produced by means of terrestrial thermal photographs. Fort this purpose, several terrestrial photographs were taken by thermal camera and 3D object model showing temperature distribution was created. The temperature distributions in both applications are almost identical in position. The areas on the rock surface that roughness values are higher than the surroundings can be clearly identified. When the temperature distributions produced by both methods are evaluated, it is observed that as the roughness on the surface increases, the temperature increases.

A structural SVM approach for reference parsing.

PubMed

Zhang, Xiaoli; Zou, Jie; Le, Daniel X; Thoma, George R

2011-06-09

Automated extraction of bibliographic data, such as article titles, author names, abstracts, and references is essential to the affordable creation of large citation databases. References, typically appearing at the end of journal articles, can also provide valuable information for extracting other bibliographic data. Therefore, parsing individual reference to extract author, title, journal, year, etc. is sometimes a necessary preprocessing step in building citation-indexing systems. The regular structure in references enables us to consider reference parsing a sequence learning problem and to study structural Support Vector Machine (structural SVM), a newly developed structured learning algorithm on parsing references. In this study, we implemented structural SVM and used two types of contextual features to compare structural SVM with conventional SVM. Both methods achieve above 98% token classification accuracy and above 95% overall chunk-level accuracy for reference parsing. We also compared SVM and structural SVM to Conditional Random Field (CRF). The experimental results show that structural SVM and CRF achieve similar accuracies at token- and chunk-levels. When only basic observation features are used for each token, structural SVM achieves higher performance compared to SVM since it utilizes the contextual label features. However, when the contextual observation features from neighboring tokens are combined, SVM performance improves greatly, and is close to that of structural SVM after adding the second order contextual observation features. The comparison of these two methods with CRF using the same set of binary features show that both structural SVM and CRF perform better than SVM, indicating their stronger sequence learning ability in reference parsing.

Characterization and utilization potential of basalt rock from East-Lampung district

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Isnugroho, K.; Hendronursito, Y.; Birawidha, D. C.

2018-01-01

The aim of this research was to study the petrography and chemical properties of basalt rock from East Lampung district, Lampung province. Petrography analysis was performed using a polarization microscope, and analysis of chemical composition using X-RF method. From the analysis of basalt rock samples, the mineral composition consists of pyroxene, plagioclase, olivine, and opaque minerals. Basic mass of basalt rock samples is, composed of plagioclase and pyroxene with subhedral-anhedral shape, forming intergranular texture, and uniform distribution. Mineral plagioclase is colorless and blade shape, transformed into opaque minerals with a size of <0.2 mm, whereas pyroxene present among the blades of plagioclase, with a greenish tint looked and a size of <0.006 mm. Mineral opaque has a rectangular shape to irregular, with a size of <0.16 mm. The chemical composition of basalt rock samples, consisting of 37.76-59.64 SiO2; 10.10-20.93 Fe2O3; 11.77-14.32 Al2O3; 5.57-14.75 CaO; 5.37-9.15 MgO; 1.40-3.34 Na2O. From the calculation, obtained the value of acidity ratio (Ma) = 3.81. With these values, indicate that the basalt rock from East Lampung district has the potential to be utilized as stone wool fiber.

Influence of Water Content on Mechanical Properties of Rock in Both Saturation and Drying Processes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Zilong; Cai, Xin; Cao, Wenzhuo; Li, Xibing; Xiong, Cheng

2016-08-01

Water content has a pronounced influence on the properties of rock materials, which is responsible for many rock engineering hazards, such as landslides and karst collapse. Meanwhile, water injection is also used for the prevention of some engineering disasters like rock-bursts. To comprehensively investigate the effect of water content on mechanical properties of rocks, laboratory tests were carried out on sandstone specimens with different water contents in both saturation and drying processes. The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance technique was applied to study the water distribution in specimens with variation of water contents. The servo-controlled rock mechanics testing machine and Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar technique were used to conduct both compressive and tensile tests on sandstone specimens with different water contents. From the laboratory tests, reductions of the compressive and tensile strength of sandstone under static and dynamic states in different saturation processes were observed. In the drying process, all of the saturated specimens could basically regain their mechanical properties and recover its strength as in the dry state. However, for partially saturated specimens in the saturation and drying processes, the tensile strength of specimens with the same water content was different, which could be related to different water distributions in specimens.

Hydraulic fracturing - an attempt of DEM simulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kosmala, Alicja; Foltyn, Natalia; Klejment, Piotr; Dębski, Wojciech

2017-04-01

Hydraulic fracturing is a technique widely used in oil, gas and unconventional reservoirs exploitation in order to enable the oil/gas to flow more easily and enhance the production. It relays on pumping into a rock a special fluid under a high pressure which creates a set of microcracks which enhance porosity of the reservoir rock. In this research, attempt of simulation of such hydrofracturing process using the Discrete Element Method approach is presented. The basic assumption of this approach is that the rock can be represented as an assembly of discrete particles cemented into a rigid sample (Potyondy 2004). An existence of voids among particles simulates then a pore system which can be filled out by fracturing fluid, numerically represented by much smaller particles. Following this microscopic point of view and its numerical representation by DEM method we present primary results of numerical analysis of hydrofracturing phenomena, using the ESyS-Particle Software. In particular, we consider what is happening in distinct vicinity of the border between rock sample and fracking particles, how cracks are creating and evolving by breaking bonds between particles, how acoustic/seismic energy is releasing and so on. D.O. Potyondy, P.A. Cundall. A bonded-particle model for rock. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 41 (2004), pp. 1329-1364.

Hawaii bibliographic database

USGS Publications Warehouse

Wright, T.L.; Takahashi, T.J.

1998-01-01

The Hawaii bibliographic database has been created to contain all of the literature, from 1779 to the present, pertinent to the volcanological history of the Hawaiian-Emperor volcanic chain. References are entered in a PC- and Macintosh-compatible EndNote Plus bibliographic database with keywords and abstracts or (if no abstract) with annotations as to content. Keywords emphasize location, discipline, process, identification of new chemical data or age determinations, and type of publication. The database is updated approximately three times a year and is available to upload from an ftp site. The bibliography contained 8460 references at the time this paper was submitted for publication. Use of the database greatly enhances the power and completeness of library searches for anyone interested in Hawaiian volcanism.

Conceptual models of the formation of acid-rock drainage at road cuts in Tennessee

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bradley, Michael W.; Worland, Scott; Byl, Tom

2015-01-01

Pyrite and other minerals containing sulfur and trace metals occur in several rock formations throughout Middle and East Tennessee. Pyrite (FeS2) weathers in the presence of oxygen and water to form iron hydroxides and sulfuric acid. The weathering and interaction of the acid on the rocks and other minerals at road cuts can result in drainage with low pH (< 4) and high concentrations of trace metals. Acid-rock drainage can cause environmental problems and damage transportation infrastructure. The formation and remediation of acid-drainage from roads cuts has not been researched as thoroughly as acid-mine drainage. The U.S Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Transportation, is conducting an investigation to better understand the geologic, hydrologic, and biogeochemical factors that control acid formation at road cuts. Road cuts with the potential for acid-rock drainage were identifed and evaluated in Middle and East Tennessee. The pyrite-bearing formations evaluated were the Chattanooga Shale (Devonian black shale), the Fentress Formation (coal-bearing), and the Precambrian Anakeesta Formation and similar Precambrian rocks. Conceptual models of the formation and transport of acid-rock drainage (ARD) from road cuts were developed based on the results of a literature review, site reconnaissance, and the initial rock and water sampling. The formation of ARD requires a combination of hydrologic, geochemical, and microbial interactions which affect drainage from the site, acidity of the water, and trace metal concentrations. The basic modes of ARD formation from road cuts are; 1 - seeps and springs from pyrite-bearing formations and 2 - runoff over the face of a road cut in a pyrite-bearing formation. Depending on site conditions at road cuts, the basic modes of ARD formation can be altered and the additional modes of ARD formation are; 3 - runoff over and through piles of pyrite-bearing material, either from construction or breakdown material weathered from shale, and 4 - the deposition of secondary-sulfate minerals can store trace metals and, during rainfall, result in increased acidity and higher concentrations of trace metals in storm runoff. Understanding the factors that control ARD formation and transport are key to addressing the problems associated with the movement of ARD from the road cuts to the environment. The investigation will provide the Tennessee Department of Transportation with a regional characterization of ARD and provide insights into the geochemical and biochemical attributes for the control and remediation of ARD from road cuts.

The Use of Bibliographical Information Media by the Borrowers at the Karolinska Institutets Bibliotek (the Library of the Karolinska Institutet)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hakulinen, Erkki

1974-01-01

A survey at the Karolinska Institutet Bibliotek in Sweden, and a comparison with an earlier survey at the National Lending Library, showed that conventional bibliographical information media are still responsible for the major part of information about biomedical literature. (Author/LS)

The Middle East: An Annotated Bibliography of Literature for Children (with Supplement).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maehr, Jane

The goal of this collection is to present an annotated bibliographical listing of children's literature, written in English, about the Middle Eastern countries of Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, the United Arab Republic (Egypt), and other countries located near the Persian Gulf. The bibliographic entries…

Marketing Reference Services through Bibliographic Instruction at Northland Pioneer College.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rothlisberg, Allen P.

This report describes how the bibliographic instruction program at the learning resource center of Arizona's Northland Pioneer College (NPC) tries to encourage potential patrons to become aware of, and use, the library's services. It is noted that NPC serves a widely scattered geographic area with a diverse, isolated service population which is…

Syndicating Rich Bibliographic Metadata Using MODS and RSS

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ashton, Andrew

2008-01-01

Many libraries use RSS to syndicate information about their collections to users. A survey of 65 academic libraries revealed their most common use for RSS is to disseminate information about library holdings, such as lists of new acquisitions. Even though typical RSS feeds are ill suited to the task of carrying rich bibliographic metadata, great…

The Feasibility and Advisability of Providing a Centralized Bibliographic Service for TAFE in Queensland.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ridden, Elva A.

This study examines the feasibility of establishing a centralized bibliographic service for the Resource Materials Centres (RCM) of the Colleges of Technical and Further Education (TAFE) in Queensland, Australia. It examines the context in which services can operate, and possible functions. The organizational aspects of TAFE in planning,…

Attitudes of College Freshmen toward Bibliographic Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leighton, Gordon B.; Markman, Marsha C.

1991-01-01

Reports on a study which evaluated student attitudes toward a new bibliographic instruction (BI) manual designed to address their individual needs and compares the results with those of previous studies on BI methods, i.e., lecture and discussion practicum versus a self-guided workbook. It is concluded that the new manual is regarded more…

Implementing and Evaluating a Bibliographic Retrieval System for Print and Non-Print Media Materials.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Buchholz, James L.

This document summarizes the selection, configuration, implementation, and evaluation of BiblioFile, a CD-ROM based bibliographic retrieval system used to catalog and process library materials for 103 school centers in the Palm Beach County Schools (Florida). Technical processing included the production of spine labels, check-out cards and…

Using the Microcomputer to Generate Materials for Bibliographic Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hendley, Gaby G.

Guide-worksheets were developed on a word processor in a high school library for bibliographic instruction of English and social studies students to cover the following reference sources: Facts on File; Social Issues Resource Series (S.I.R.S.); Editorial Research Reports; Great Contemporary Issues (New York Times), which also includes Facts on…

Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records: An Investigation of Two Prototypes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pisanski, Jan; Zumer, Maja

2007-01-01

Purpose: This paper aims to establish how the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) conceptual model, which holds a lot of potential in theory, works in practice. It also aims to identify, and if possible, give solutions to problems found in two of the existing prototypes. Design/methodology/approach: An independent evaluation…

Facebook: A Bibliographic Analysis of the PsycINFO Database

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Piotrowski, Chris

2012-01-01

With the advent of rapidly emerging technologies, researchers need to be cognizant of developments and applications in the area of social media as a topic of investigatory interest. To date, scholarly research on the topic of Facebook, a ubiquitous social media site, is rather extensive. This study on Facebook, using a bibliographic content…

Appraisal, Children's Science Books, Vol. 10, No. 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holzheimer, Diane, Ed.

This bibliography is published three times a year by the Children's Science Book Review Committee. The bibliographic reference for each book includes bibliographic information plus the name of the illustrator or type of illustrations, the cost of the book, and the appropriate age level. Annotations for each reference are taken from reviews written…

Who, What, Where and When! The Bibliographical Control of the Literature of Librarianship and Information Science (LOLIS) in Australia.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rasmussen, Radha

1987-01-01

Describes an investigation that assessed the effectiveness of Australian indexing and abstracting services in their bibliographic control of the literature of library and information science. Conclusions about the coverage of the literature are presented, and methods for improvement are suggested. (CLB)

EARS: An Online Bibliographic Search and Retrieval System Based on Ordered Explosion.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ramesh, R.; Drury, Colin G.

1987-01-01

Provides overview of Ergonomics Abstracts Retrieval System (EARS), an online bibliographic search and retrieval system in the area of human factors engineering. Other online systems are described, the design of EARS based on inverted file organization is explained, and system expansions including a thesaurus are discussed. (Author/LRW)

XML and Bibliographic Data: The TVS (Transport, Validation and Services) Model.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Carvalho, Joaquim; Cordeiro, Maria Ines

This paper discusses the role of XML in library information systems at three major levels: as are presentation language that enables the transport of bibliographic data in a way that is technologically independent and universally understood across systems and domains; as a language that enables the specification of complex validation rules…

Bibliographic Classification Theory and Text Linguistics: Aboutness Analysis, Intertextuality and the Cognitive Act of Classifying Documents.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beghtol, Clare

1986-01-01

Explicates a definition and theory of "aboutness" and aboutness analysis developed by text linguist van Dijk; explores implications of text linguistics for bibliographic classification theory; suggests the elements that a theory of the cognitive process of classifying documents needs to encompass; and delineates how people identify…

Reference Manual for Machine-Readable Bibliographic Descriptions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, M. D., Comp.

UNESCO, in cooperation with several other organizations, has produced a manual, the scope and purpose of which has been to define, for most types of scientific and technical literature, a set of data elements which will constitute an adequate bibliographic citation, and to define the representation of these data elements as they should appear in a…

The Variscan calc-alkalic plutonism of western Corsica: mineralogy and major and trace element geochemistry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cocherie, A.; Rossi, Ph.; Le Bel, L.

1984-10-01

Petrographic and structural observations on the calc-alkalic plutonism of western Corsica revealed the existence of several successively emplaced units associated with large basic bodies. The present mineralogical and geochemical study deals with the genesis, evolution and relationships of these different units. Basic plutonism is represented by three genetically linked types of rock: norites and troctolites with cumulate textures characterized by low REE contents and either no Eu anomaly or a positive Eu anomaly; gabbros with enriched LREE relatively to HREE patterns, probably close to an initial basaltic liquid; and diorites ranging up to charnockites which represent liquids evolved to varying degrees, mainly by fractional crystallization. Trace element data and studies on the evolution of pyroxene pairs demonstrate the consanguinity of these calc-alkaline basic rocks which are derived from a high alumina basaltic melt. The various granitoids (granodiorites, monzogranites and leucocratic monzogranites, i.e., adamellites) have distinct evolution trends as shown by the composition of their mafic minerals and by trace element distributions. They cannot be considered as being derivatives of the basic suite and they cannot be related by a common fractionation sequence. Rather, they represent distinctive batches of crustal anatexis. In addition, hybridization phenomena with the basic melt are noticed in granodiorites. The particular problem of the low La/Yb, Eu/Eu∗ and the high U, Th, Cs leucocratic monzogranites is discussed in detail. In addition to more conventional trace element diagrams, the simultaneous statistical treatment of all the geochemical data by correspondence factor analysis is shown to be a very use tool in distinguishing between the different units and to classify the elements according to their geochemical properties.

BOREHOLE FLOWMETERS: FIELD APPLICATION AND DATA ANALYSIS

EPA Science Inventory

This paper reviews application of borehole flowmeters in granular and fractured rocks. asic data obtained in the field are the ambient flow log and the pumping-induced flow log. hese basic logs may then be used to calculate other quantities of interest. he paper describes the app...

77 FR 40087 - Manufacturer of Controlled Substances; Notice of Registration; Cerilliant Corporation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-06

... DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Drug Enforcement Administration Manufacturer of Controlled Substances... Rock, Texas 78665-2402, made application by letter to the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) to be registered as a bulk manufacturer of the following basic classes of controlled substances: Drug Schedule 4...

The facial levels of the melting of the Permian - Triassic trap basalts of West Siberian plate and Siberian platform.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sharapov, Victor; Vasiliev, Yury

2014-05-01

Statistical processing of numerical information allow to indicate the following regional petro- geochemical characteristics of Permo-Triassic trap magmatism in West Siberian plate WSP: 1) Examined regional petrochemical trend of major element chemistry variation of trap magmatism from north to the south is appeared in increase of the acidity, a decrease of Mg and alumina and potassium of the igneous rocks, for other components existing data do not allow to determine regularities; 2) According to (La/Yb)n, (Gd/Yb)n and(Tb/Yb)n ratios all basic melts belong to the spinel facie. In general the trap basalts of Siberian Platform reveal the following structural facial features are characteristic: 1) From west and east the region of the basalt effusions practically coincides with the area of Devonian sea depressions, 2) from the west to east lava shields are framed by the zones of the variously differentiated intrusive basic bodies grouped within the zones of arched and linear faults; 3) the region of effusive volcanics appearance has the zone - distributed structural - material areas, the tholeitic "super-shield" (plateau Putorana) occupyingthe center part of the Tunguska syneclise), framed from the West, and NW by the local lava shields located in rounded depressions( mulda) in which the lavas are more magnesian, titaniferrous and alkaline. 4) examined overall petrochemical zonation of basic rocks in Siberian platform reveal general decrease from the Norilsk mulda to Angara- Ilim iron-ore deposit region, with the growth of Ti02 and alkalinity of the basic rocks. The statistical wavelet analysis of the cyclic recurrence of the effusive rock sections along the eastern board of Khatanga rift show substantially different characteristics of the spectra of time series, in Norilsk -Kharaelakh depression the low-frequency modules predominate, whereas for The Meimecha-Kotuy effusion section the high frequency values are characteristic. The comparison of the possible facial levels of the melting of the initial magmas of trap basalts in WSP and Siberian platform showed that the magnesian melts were generated in garnet mantle facie, and major part of the basalt melts, forming volcanic plateaus in Siberian Platform and traps of WSP were apparently generated in the spinel facie of lithospheric mantle. The most obvious evidence of two - level magmatic sources is found on the border with the eastern margin of Khatanga depression and in the region of junction of volcanic plateau and Anabar craton. RFBR grant 12-05-00625

The spatial-temporal evolution law of microseismic activities in the failure process of deep rock masses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yuan-hui, Li; Gang, Lei; Shi-da, Xu; Da-wei, Wu

2018-07-01

Under high stress and blasting disturbance, the failure of deep rock masses is a complex, dynamic evolutionary process. To reveal the relation between macroscopic failure of deep rock masses and spatial-temporal evolution law of micro-cracking within, the initiation, extension, and connection of micro-cracks under blasting disturbance and the deformation and failure mechanism of deep rock masses were studied. The investigation was carried out using the microseismic (MS) monitoring system established in the deep mining area of Ashele Copper Mine (Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China). The results showed that the failure of the deep rock masses is a dynamic process accompanied with stress release and stress adjustment. It is not only related to the blasting-based mining, but also associated with zones of stress concentration formed due to the mining. In that space, the concentrated area in the cloud chart for the distribution of MS event density before failure of the rocks shows the basically same pattern with the damaged rocks obtained through scanning of mined-out areas, which indicates that the cloud chart can be used to determine potential risk areas of rocks in the spatial domain. In the time domain, relevant parameters of MS events presented different changes before the failure of the rocks: the energy index decreased while the cumulative apparent volume gradually increased, the magnitude distribution of microseismic events decreased rapidly, and the fractal dimension decreased at first and then remained stable. This demonstrates that the different changes in relevant MS parameters allow researchers to predict the failure time of the rocks. By analysing the dynamic evolution process of the failure of the deep rock masses, areas at potential risk can be predicted spatially and temporally. The result provides guidance for those involved in the safe production and management of underground engineering and establishes a theoretical basis for the study on the stability of deep rock masses.

Continuous magma recharge at Mt. Etna during the 2011-2013 period controls the style of volcanic activity and compositions of erupted lavas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Viccaro, Marco; Calcagno, Rosario; Garozzo, Ileana; Giuffrida, Marisa; Nicotra, Eugenio

2015-02-01

Volcanic rocks erupted during the January 2011 - April 2013 paroxysmal sequence at Mt. Etna volcano have been investigated through in situ microanalysis of mineral phases and whole rock geochemistry. These products have been also considered within the framework of the post-2001 record, evidencing that magmas feeding the 2011-2013 paroxysmal activity inherited deep signature comparable to that of the 2007-2009 volcanic rocks for what concerns their trace element concentration. Analysis performed on plagioclase, clinopyroxene and olivine, which are sensitive to differentiation processes, show respectively fluctuations of the An, Mg# and Fo contents during the considered period. Also major and trace elements measured on the whole rock provide evidence of the evolutionary degree variations through time. Simulations by MELTS at fixed chemical-physical parameters allowed the definition of feeding system dynamics controlling the geochemical variability of magmas during the 2011-2013 period. Specifically, compositional changes have been interpreted as due to superimposition of fractional crystallization and mixing in variable proportions with more basic magma ascending from intermediate to shallower levels of the plumbing system. Composition of the recharging end-member is compatible with that of the most basic magmas emitted during the 2007 and the early paroxysmal eruptions of 2012. Analysis of the erupted volumes of magma combined with its petrologic evolution through time support the idea that large volumes of magma are continuously intruded and stored in the intermediate plumbing system after major recharging phases in the deepest levels of it. Transient recharge from the intermediate to the shallow levels is then responsible for the paroxysmal eruptions.

Directory of selected forestry-related bibliographic data bases

Treesearch

Peter A. Evans

1979-01-01

This compilation lists 117 bibliographic data bases maintained by scientists of the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For each data base, the following information is provided; name of the data base; originator; date started; coverage by subject; geographic area, and size of collection; base format; retrieval format; ways to query; who to query; and...

Problems in Bibliographic Access to Non-Print Materials. Project Media Base: Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brong, Gerald; And Others

Project Media Base reports its conclusions and recommendations for the establishment of bibliographic control of audiovisual resources as a part of an overall objective to plan, develop, and implement a nationwide network of library and information services. The purpose of this project was to test the hypothesis that the essential elements of a…

Spanish Society. Government and Political Economy: A Bibliographic Essay. Occasional Paper Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Agranoff, Robert

This bibliographic essay is designed to help the student begin to investigate both context and content of contemporary Spanish society, government, politics, and economy. Coverage is selective because the focus is on sources in English, although where important subject matter gaps exist, Spanish sources are provided. Many of these are available in…

Bibliographic Automation of Large Library Operations Using a Time-Sharing System: Phase I. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Epstein, A. H.; And Others

The first phase of an ongoing library automation project at Stanford University is described. Project BALLOTS (Bibliographic Automation of Large Library Operations Using a Time-Sharing System) seeks to automate the acquisition and cataloging functions of a large library using an on-line time-sharing computer. The main objectives are to control…

A CERIF-Compatible Research Management System Based on the MARC 21 Format

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ivanovic, Dragan; Milosavljevic, Gordana; Milosavljevic, Branko; Surla, Dusan

2010-01-01

Purpose: Entering data about published research results should be implemented as a web application that enables authors to input their own data without the knowledge of the bibliographic standard. The aim of this research is to develop a research management system based on a bibliographic standard and to provide data exchange with other research…

What Is Next for Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records? A Delphi Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhang, Yin; Salaba, Athena

2009-01-01

This article reports on a Delphi study conducted to determine key issues and challenges facing Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) research and practice. The Delphi panel consisted of thirty-three experts in the field who participated in a three-round issue-raising and consensus-building process via a Web-based survey…

The Relationship between BIBFRAME and OCLC's Linked-Data Model of Bibliographic Description: A Working Paper

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Godby, Carol Jean

2013-01-01

This document describes a proposed alignment between BIBFRAME (Bibliographic Framework) and a model being explored by the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) with extensions proposed by the Schema Bib Extend project, a Worldwide Web Consortium sponsored (W3C-sponsored) community group tasked with enhancing Schema.org to the description of…

Search Interview Techniques, Information Gain, and User Satisfaction with Online Bibliographic Retrieval Services.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Auster, Ethel; Lawton, Stephen B.

This research study involved a systematic investigation into the relationships among: (1) the techniques used by search analysts during preliminary interviews with users before engaging in online retrieval of bibliographic citations; (2) the amount of new information gained by the user as a result of the search; and (3) the user's ultimate…

What Is FRBR? It's Not a Small Rodent, Explains Linda Gonzalez, but a Striking Way to Improve Catalogs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gonzalez, Linda

2005-01-01

Catalogers, catalog managers, and others in library technical services have become increasingly interested in, worried over, and excited about FRBR (the acronym for Functional Requirements of Bibliographic Records). Staff outside of the management of the library's bibliographic database may wonder what the fuss is about (FERBER? FURBUR?), assuming…

Increasing Special Library Collection Use in Very Computer Intensive Environments: Automatic Bibliographic Compilation and the Dissemination of Electronic Newsletters.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sanchez, James Joseph

This paper describes the development and implementation of an automatic bibliographic facility and an electronic newsletter created for a special collection of aerospace and mechanical engineering monographs and articles at the University of Arizona. The project included the development of an online catalog, increasing the depth of bibliographic…

Global Collective Resources: A Study of Monographic Bibliographic Records in WorldCat.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perrault, Anna H.

In 2001, WorldCat, the primary international bibliographic utility, contained 45 million records with over 750 million library location listings. These records span over 4,000 years of recorded knowledge in 377 languages. Under the auspices of an OCLC/ALISE (Online Computer Library Center/Association of Library and Information Science Educators)…

Bibliographic Displays in OPACs and Web Catalogs: How Well Do They Comply with Display Guidelines?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cherry, Joan M.

1998-01-01

Evaluation of data from assessments of full bibliographic displays in academic library OPACs (online public access catalogs) and World Wide Web catalogs against a checklist of desirable features found that OPAC displays scored 58% and Web displays scored 60%. Discusses weaknesses, focusing on those found in the majority of the displays…

Ocean Drilling Simulation Activity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Telese, James A.; Jordan, Kathy

The Ocean Drilling Project brings together scientists and governments from 20 countries to explore the earth's structure and history as it is revealed beneath the oceans' basins. Scientific expeditions examine rock and sediment cores obtained from the ocean floor to learn about the earth's basic processes. The series of activities in this…

Tunnel Design by Rock Mass Classifications

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

exhibited a slaking-like action when submerged . This is attributed to stress re- lief by coring. Bedding strikes roughly north-south and generally dips...dure ic diagrammatically depicted in Figure D5. This system, knorn as the Modified Basic RMR system or MBR in short, is based on experience gained in an

Study of the Rock Mass Failure Process and Mechanisms During the Transformation from Open-Pit to Underground Mining Based on Microseismic Monitoring

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Yong; Yang, Tianhong; Bohnhoff, Marco; Zhang, Penghai; Yu, Qinglei; Zhou, Jingren; Liu, Feiyue

2018-05-01

To quantitatively understand the failure process and failure mechanism of a rock mass during the transformation from open-pit mining to underground mining, the Shirengou Iron Mine was selected as an engineering project case study. The study area was determined using the rock mass basic quality classification method and the kinematic analysis method. Based on the analysis of the variations in apparent stress and apparent volume over time, the rock mass failure process was analyzed. According to the recent research on the temporal and spatial change of microseismic events in location, energy, apparent stress, and displacement, the migration characteristics of rock mass damage were studied. A hybrid moment tensor inversion method was used to determine the rock mass fracture source mechanisms, the fracture orientations, and fracture scales. The fracture area can be divided into three zones: Zone A, Zone B, and Zone C. A statistical analysis of the orientation information of the fracture planes orientations was carried out, and four dominant fracture planes were obtained. Finally, the slip tendency analysis method was employed, and the unstable fracture planes were obtained. The results show: (1) The microseismic monitoring and hybrid moment tensor analysis can effectively analyze the failure process and failure mechanism of rock mass, (2) during the transformation from open-pit to underground mining, the failure type of rock mass is mainly shear failure and the tensile failure is mostly concentrated in the roof of goafs, and (3) the rock mass of the pit bottom and the upper of goaf No. 18 have the possibility of further damage.

A state-of-the-art anisotropic rock deformation model incorporating the development of mobilised shear strength

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Noor, M. J. Md; Jobli, A. F.

2018-04-01

Currently rock deformation is estimated using the relationship between the deformation modulus Em and the stress-strain curve. There have been many studies conducted to estimate the value of Em. This Em is basically derived from conducting unconfined compression test, UCS. However, the actual stress condition of the rock in the ground is anisotropic stress condition where the rock mass is subjected to different confining and vertical pressures. In addition, there is still no empirical or semi-empirical framework that has been developed for the prediction of rock stress-strain response under anisotropic stress condition. Arock triaxial machine GCTS Triaxial RTX-3000 has been deployed to obtain the anisotropic stress-strain relationship for weathered granite grade II from Rawang, Selangor sampled at depth of 20 m and subjected to confining pressure of 2 MPa, 7.5 MPa and 14 MPa. The developed mobilised shear strength envelope within the specimen of 50 mm diameter and 100 mm height during the application of the deviator stress is interpreted from the stress-strain curves. These mobilised shear strength envelopes at various axial strains are the intrinsic property and unique for the rock. Once this property has been established then it is being used to predict the stress-strain relationship at any confining pressure. The predicted stress-strain curves are compared against the curves obtained from the tests. A very close prediction is achieved to substantiate the applicability of this rock deformation model. This is a state-of-the art rock deformation theory which characterise the deformation base on the applied load and the developed mobilised shear strength within the rock body.

Change of Conditions of the Formation of the Karelian Province of the Baltic Shield Continental Crust during Transition from Meso- to Neoarchean: Geochemical Study Results

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chekulaev, V. P.; Arestova, N. A.; Egorova, Yu. S.; Kucherovskii, G. A.

2018-05-01

The compositions of the tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) assemblage and volcanic rocks of the Archaean greenstone belts from different domains of the Karelian province of the Baltic Shield are compared. Neoarchean medium felsic volcanic rocks and TTG of the Central Karelian domain drastically differ from analogous Mesoarchean rocks of the neighboring Vodlozero and West Karelian domains in higher Rb, Sr, P, La, and Ce contents and, correspondingly, values of Sr/Y, La/Yb, and La/Sm, and also in a different REE content distribution owing to different rock sources of these domains. This fact is confirmed by differences in the composition and the nature of the REE distribution in the basic and ultrabasic volcanic rocks making up the greenstone belts of these domains. It is established that the average compositions of Mesoarchean TTG rocks and volcanic rocks of the Karelian province differ markedly from those of plagiogranitoids and volcanic rocks of the recent geotectonic environments in high Mg (mg#) and Sr contents. Neoarchean volcanic rocks of Karelia differ from recent island-arc volcanic rocks, but are similar in composition to recent volcanic rocks of the continental arcs. On the basis of the cumulative evidence, the Karelian province of the Baltic Shield was subject to dramatic changes in the crust formation conditions at the beginning of the Neoarchean at the turn of about 2.75-2.78 Ga. These changes led to formation of volcano-sedimentary and plutonic rock complexes, different in composition from Mesoarchean rocks, and specific complexes of intrusive sanukitoids and granites. Changes and variations in the rock composition were related to the mixing of plume sources with continental crust and/or lithospheric mantle material, likely as a result of the combined effect of plumes and plate tectonics. This process resulted in formation of a younger large fragment of the Archean crust such as the Central Karelian domain which factually connected more ancient fragments of the crust and likely contributed to development of the Neoarchean Kenorland Supercontinent.

Geographic trends in research output and citations in veterinary medicine: insight into global research capacity, species specialization, and interdisciplinary relationships

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background Bibliographic data can be used to map the research quality and productivity of a discipline. We hypothesized that bibliographic data would identify geographic differences in research capacity, species specialization, and interdisciplinary relationships within the veterinary profession that corresponded with demographic and economic indices. Results Using the SCImago portal, we retrieved veterinary journal, article, and citation data in the Scopus database by year (1996–2011), region, country, and publication in species-specific journals (food animal, small animal, equine, miscellaneous), as designated by Scopus. In 2011, Scopus indexed 165 journals in the veterinary subject area, an increase from 111 in 1996. As a percentage of veterinary research output between 1996 and 2010, Western Europe and North America (US and Canada) together accounted for 60.9% of articles and 73.0% of citations. The number of veterinary articles increased from 8815 in 1996 to 19,077 in 2010 (net increase 66.6%). During this time, publications increased by 21.0% in Asia, 17.2% in Western Europe, and 17.0% in Latin America, led by Brazil, China, India, and Turkey. The United States had the highest number of articles in species-specific journals. As a percentage of regional output, the proportion of articles in small animal and equine journals was highest in North America and the proportion of articles in food animal journals was highest in Africa. Based on principal component analysis, total articles were highly correlated with gross domestic product (based on World Bank data). The proportion of articles in small animal and equine journals was associated with gross national income, research and development, and % urban population, as opposed to the proportion of food animal articles, agricultural output, and % rural population. Co-citations linked veterinary medicine with medicine in the United States, with basic sciences in Eastern Europe and the Far East, and with agriculture in most other regions and countries. Conclusions Bibliographic data reflect the demographic changes affecting veterinary medicine worldwide and provide insight into current and changing global research capacity, specialization, and interdisciplinary affiliations. A more detailed analysis of species-specific trends is warranted and could contribute to a better understanding of educational and workforce needs in veterinary medicine. PMID:23758872

Igneous rocks formed by hypervelocity impact

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Osinski, Gordon R.; Grieve, Richard A. F.; Bleacher, Jacob E.; Neish, Catherine D.; Pilles, Eric A.; Tornabene, Livio L.

2018-03-01

Igneous rocks are the primary building blocks of planetary crusts. Most igneous rocks originate via decompression melting and/or wet melting of protolith lithologies within planetary interiors and their classification and compositional, petrographic, and textural characteristics, are well-studied. As our exploration of the Solar System continues, so too does the inventory of intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks, settings, and processes. The results of planetary exploration have also clearly demonstrated that impact cratering is a ubiquitous geological process that has affected, and will continue to affect, all planetary objects with a solid surface, whether that be rock or ice. It is now recognized that the production of igneous rocks is a fundamental outcome of hypervelocity impact. The goal of this review is to provide an up-to-date synthesis of our knowledge and understanding of igneous rocks formed by hypervelocity impact. Following a brief overview of the basics of the impact process, we describe how and why melts are generated during impact events and how impact melting differs from endogenic igneous processes. While the process may differ, we show that the products of hypervelocity impact can share close similarities with volcanic and shallow intrusive igneous rocks of endogenic origin. Such impact melt rocks, as they are termed, can display lobate margins and cooling cracks, columnar joints and at the hand specimen and microscopic scale, such rocks can display mineral textures that are typical of volcanic rocks, such as quench crystallites, ophitic, porphyritic, as well as features such as vesicles, flow textures, and so on. Historically, these similarities led to the misidentification of some igneous rocks now known to be impact melt rocks as being of endogenic origin. This raises the question as to how to distinguish between an impact versus an endogenic origin for igneous-like rocks on other planetary bodies where fieldwork and sample analysis may not be possible and all that may be available is remote sensing data. While the interpretation of some impact melt rocks may be relatively straightforward (e.g., for clast-rich varieties and those with clear projectile contamination) we conclude that distinguishing between impact and endogenic igneous rocks is a non-trivial task that ultimately may require sample investigation and analysis to be conducted. Caution is, therefore, urged in the interpretation of igneous rocks on planetary surfaces.

Device Acquires and Retains Rock or Ice Samples

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Giersch, Louis R.; Backes, Paul G.

2009-01-01

The Rock Baller is a sample acquisition tool that improves sample retention. The basic elements of the Rock Baller are the tool rotation axis, the hub, the two jaws, and the cutting blades, which are located on each of the jaws. The entire device rotates about the tool rotation axis, which is aligned parallel to the nominal normal direction of the parent rock surface. Both jaws also rotate about the jaw axis, which is perpendicular to the tool rotation axis, at a rate much slower than the rotation about the tool rotation axis. This movement gradually closes the jaws into a nearly continuous hemispherical shell that encloses the sample as it is cut from the parent rock. When required the jaws are opened to release the sample. The hemispherical cutting method eliminates the sample retention problems associated with existing sample acquisition methods that employ conventional cylindrical cutting. The resulting samples are hemispherical, or nearly hemispherical, and as a result the aspect ratio (sample depth relative to sample radius) is essentially fixed. This fixed sample aspect ratio may be considered a drawback of the Rock Baller method, as samples with a higher aspect ratio (more depth, less width) may be considered more scientifically valuable because such samples would allow for a broader inspection of the geological record. This aspect ratio issue can be ameliorated if the Rock Baller is paired with a device similar to the Rock Abrasion Tool (RAT) used on the Mars Exploration Rovers. The RAT could be used to first grind into the surface of the parent rock, after which the Rock Baller would extract a sample from a depth inside the rock that would not have been possible without first using the RAT. Other potential applications for this technology include medical applications such as the removal of tissue samples or tumors from the body, particularly during endoscopic, laparoscopic, or thoracoscopic surgeries.

Remote sensing as a mineral prospecting technique

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meneses, P. R. (Principal Investigator)

1984-01-01

Remote sensing and its application as an alternative technique to mineral resource exploration are reviewed. Emphasis is given here to the analysis of the three basic attributes of remote sensing, i.e., spatial attributes related to regional structural mapping, spectral attributes related to rock discrimination and seasonal attributes related to geobotanic anomalies mapping, all of which are employed in mineral exploration. Special emphasis is given to new developments of the Thematic Mapper of the LANDSAT-5, principally with reference to the application of the bands 1.6 and 2.2 microns to map hydrothermally altered rocks and the band of red and blue shift to geobotanical anomalies mapping.

Textural variability of ordinary chondrite chondrules: Implications of their formation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zinovieva, N. G.; Mitreikina, O. B.; Granovsky, L. B.

1994-01-01

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and microprobe examination of the Raguli H3-4, Saratov L3, and Fucbin L5-6 ordinary chondrites and the analysis of preexisted data on other meteorites have shown that the variety of textural types of chondrules depends on the chemical composition of the chondrules. The comparison of bulk-rock chemistries of the chondrules by major components demonstrates that they apparently fall, like basic-ultrabasic rock, into groups of dunitic and pyroxenitic composition. This separation is further validated by the character of zoning in chondrules of the intermediate, peridotitic type. The effect is vividly demonstrated by the 'chondrule-in-chondrule' structure.

The rock-paper-scissors game

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Hai-Jun

2016-04-01

Rock-Paper-Scissors (RPS), a game of cyclic dominance, is not merely a popular children's game but also a basic model system for studying decision-making in non-cooperative strategic interactions. Aimed at students of physics with no background in game theory, this paper introduces the concepts of Nash equilibrium and evolutionarily stable strategy, and reviews some recent theoretical and empirical efforts on the non-equilibrium properties of the iterated RPS, including collective cycling, conditional response patterns and microscopic mechanisms that facilitate cooperation. We also introduce several dynamical processes to illustrate the applications of RPS as a simplified model of species competition in ecological systems and price cycling in economic markets.

An experimental and theoretical study to relate uncommon rock/fluid properties to oil recovery. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Watson, R.

Waterflooding is the most commonly used secondary oil recovery technique. One of the requirements for understanding waterflood performance is a good knowledge of the basic properties of the reservoir rocks. This study is aimed at correlating rock-pore characteristics to oil recovery from various reservoir rock types and incorporating these properties into empirical models for Predicting oil recovery. For that reason, this report deals with the analyses and interpretation of experimental data collected from core floods and correlated against measurements of absolute permeability, porosity. wettability index, mercury porosimetry properties and irreducible water saturation. The results of the radial-core the radial-core andmore » linear-core flow investigations and the other associated experimental analyses are presented and incorporated into empirical models to improve the predictions of oil recovery resulting from waterflooding, for sandstone and limestone reservoirs. For the radial-core case, the standardized regression model selected, based on a subset of the variables, predicted oil recovery by waterflooding with a standard deviation of 7%. For the linear-core case, separate models are developed using common, uncommon and combination of both types of rock properties. It was observed that residual oil saturation and oil recovery are better predicted with the inclusion of both common and uncommon rock/fluid properties into the predictive models.« less

A specialized information center. The clinical neurology information center.

PubMed Central

Friedlander, W J

1978-01-01

The history, philosophy, and methodology of a unique specialized medical information center are reported. The Clinical Neurology Information Center is an educational information service (giving its audience information which can be the basis for formulating their own questions) rather than an instructional information service (giving information in reply to questions). Clinical, as well as basic neuroscience, information is culled by professional neurologists from 855 medical periodicals. The essence of each article is summarized in a single sentence ("terse conclusions") or a bibliographic reference only is given; this material is published every two weeks in the Concise Clinical Neurology Review (CCNR). The format of the CCNR is such that the reader should be able to scan a very large amount of current literature by investing only twenty to thirty minutes every two weeks. The values of this system as well as some of its problems are discussed. PMID:354706

A metadata initiative for global information discovery

USGS Publications Warehouse

Christian, E.

2001-01-01

The Global Information Locator Service (GILS) encompasses a global vision framed by the fundamental values of open societies. Societal values such as a free flow of information impose certain requirements on the society's information infrastructure. These requirements in turn shape the various laws, policies, standards, and technologies that determine the infrastructure design. A particular focus of GILS is the requirement to provide the means for people to discover sources of data and information. Information discovery in the GILS vision is designed to be decentralized yet coherent, and globally comprehensive yet useful for detailed data. This article introduces basic concepts and design issues, with emphasis on the techniques by which GILS supports interoperability. It explains the practical implications of GILS for the common roles of organizations involved in handling information, from content provider through system engineer and intermediary to searcher. The article provides examples of GILS initiatives in various types of communities: bibliographic, geographic, environmental, and government. ?? 2001 Elsevier Science Inc.

IFLA General Conference, 1987. Division on Bibliographic Control. Bibliography and Round Table on A/V Media Section. Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

The two papers in this section focus on the bibliographic control of sound recordings, primarily phonograph records. In the first, "The National Discography for the United Kingdom," Christopher Roads discusses the problem of lack of easily accessible and up-to-date information about the growing collection of new sound recordings as they…

The Application of Clustering Techniques to Citation Data. Research Reports Series B No. 6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arms, William Y.; Arms, Caroline

This report describes research carried out as part of the Design of Information Systems in the Social Sciences (DISISS) project. Cluster analysis techniques were applied to a machine readable file of bibliographic data in the form of cited journal titles in order to identify groupings which could be used to structure bibliographic files. Practical…

Project BALLOTS: Bibliographic Automation of Large Library Operations Using a Time-Sharing System. Progress Report (3/27/69 - 6/26/69).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Veaner, Allen B.

Project BALLOTS is a large-scale library automation development project of the Stanford University Libraries which has demonstrated the feasibility of conducting on-line interactive searches of complex bibliographic files, with a large number of users working simultaneously in the same or different files. This report documents the continuing…

The Tip of the Iceberg: Bibliographic Essay on Measurement and Evaluation in Public Relations, 1974-1984.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cline, Carolyn Garrett

A bibliographic research project was conducted to identify the major articles published from 1974 to 1984 on measurement and evaluation in public relations, business, and organizational communication. The major findings of the project were as follows: (1) Some kind of evaluation and measurement is needed; (2) There is no concensus about the type…

Data Form and Availability and the Design of Computerized Retrieval Systems Dealing with Bibliographic Entities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brandhorst, W. T.

An analysis of existing computerized data banks in science and technology reveals that nearly half of them involve the storage and retrieval of bibliographic data. Activity in this area has been independent and autonomous. This situation is now giving way to a new environment which involves cooperation, standards, and a rigorous rational analysis…

Bibliographic Services of the American Historical Association: Recently Published Articles and Writings on American History. A Report of the ABH/AHA Task Force.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCrank, Lawrence J.; And Others

The American Historical Association (AHA) has been providing bibliographic services for its membership by reviewing the monographic literature in the "American Historical Review" (AHR), using a list of books the AHA receives, and employing its periodical current awareness service comprised of "Recently Published Articles" (RPA)…

Style-independent document labeling: design and performance evaluation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mao, Song; Kim, Jong Woo; Thoma, George R.

2003-12-01

The Medical Article Records System or MARS has been developed at the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM) for automated data entry of bibliographical information from medical journals into MEDLINE, the premier bibliographic citation database at NLM. Currently, a rule-based algorithm (called ZoneCzar) is used for labeling important bibliographical fields (title, author, affiliation, and abstract) on medical journal article page images. While rules have been created for medical journals with regular layout types, new rules have to be manually created for any input journals with arbitrary or new layout types. Therefore, it is of interest to label any journal articles independent of their layout styles. In this paper, we first describe a system (called ZoneMatch) for automated generation of crucial geometric and non-geometric features of important bibliographical fields based on string-matching and clustering techniques. The rule based algorithm is then modified to use these features to perform style-independent labeling. We then describe a performance evaluation method for quantitatively evaluating our algorithm and characterizing its error distributions. Experimental results show that the labeling performance of the rule-based algorithm is significantly improved when the generated features are used.

Evidence for methane in Martian meteorites

PubMed Central

Blamey, Nigel J. F.; Parnell, John; McMahon, Sean; Mark, Darren F.; Tomkinson, Tim; Lee, Martin; Shivak, Jared; Izawa, Matthew R. M.; Banerjee, Neil R.; Flemming, Roberta L.

2015-01-01

The putative occurrence of methane in the Martian atmosphere has had a major influence on the exploration of Mars, especially by the implication of active biology. The occurrence has not been borne out by measurements of atmosphere by the MSL rover Curiosity but, as on Earth, methane on Mars is most likely in the subsurface of the crust. Serpentinization of olivine-bearing rocks, to yield hydrogen that may further react with carbon-bearing species, has been widely invoked as a source of methane on Mars, but this possibility has not hitherto been tested. Here we show that some Martian meteorites, representing basic igneous rocks, liberate a methane-rich volatile component on crushing. The occurrence of methane in Martian rock samples adds strong weight to models whereby any life on Mars is/was likely to be resident in a subsurface habitat, where methane could be a source of energy and carbon for microbial activity. PMID:26079798

Evidence for methane in Martian meteorites.

PubMed

Blamey, Nigel J F; Parnell, John; McMahon, Sean; Mark, Darren F; Tomkinson, Tim; Lee, Martin; Shivak, Jared; Izawa, Matthew R M; Banerjee, Neil R; Flemming, Roberta L

2015-06-16

The putative occurrence of methane in the Martian atmosphere has had a major influence on the exploration of Mars, especially by the implication of active biology. The occurrence has not been borne out by measurements of atmosphere by the MSL rover Curiosity but, as on Earth, methane on Mars is most likely in the subsurface of the crust. Serpentinization of olivine-bearing rocks, to yield hydrogen that may further react with carbon-bearing species, has been widely invoked as a source of methane on Mars, but this possibility has not hitherto been tested. Here we show that some Martian meteorites, representing basic igneous rocks, liberate a methane-rich volatile component on crushing. The occurrence of methane in Martian rock samples adds strong weight to models whereby any life on Mars is/was likely to be resident in a subsurface habitat, where methane could be a source of energy and carbon for microbial activity.

On the uncertainty of interdisciplinarity measurements due to incomplete bibliographic data.

PubMed

Calatrava Moreno, María Del Carmen; Auzinger, Thomas; Werthner, Hannes

The accuracy of interdisciplinarity measurements is directly related to the quality of the underlying bibliographic data. Existing indicators of interdisciplinarity are not capable of reflecting the inaccuracies introduced by incorrect and incomplete records because correct and complete bibliographic data can rarely be obtained. This is the case for the Rao-Stirling index, which cannot handle references that are not categorized into disciplinary fields. We introduce a method that addresses this problem. It extends the Rao-Stirling index to acknowledge missing data by calculating its interval of uncertainty using computational optimization. The evaluation of our method indicates that the uncertainty interval is not only useful for estimating the inaccuracy of interdisciplinarity measurements, but it also delivers slightly more accurate aggregated interdisciplinarity measurements than the Rao-Stirling index.

Information Seeking Behavior of Geologists When Searching for Physical Samples

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ramdeen, Sarah

2017-01-01

Information seeking is "a conscious effort to acquire information in response to a need or gap" in your knowledge (Case, 2007, p. 5). In the geosciences, physical samples such as cores, cuttings, fossils, and rocks are primary sources of information; they represent "the foundation of basic and applied geoscience research and…

Winter Safety Tips for Older Adults

MedlinePlus

... smaller roads. • Stock your car with basic emergency supplies such as: – First aid kid – Blankets – Extra warm clothes – Booster cables – Windshield scraper – Shovel – Rock salt or a bag of sand or cat litter (in case your wheels get stuck) – Water and dried food or canned food (with can ...

Igneous and metamorphic petrology in the field: a problem-based, writing-intensive alternative to traditional classroom petrology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

DeBari, S. M.

2011-12-01

The Geology Department at Western Washington University (~100 geology majors) offers field and classroom versions of its undergraduate petrology course. This is a one-quarter course (igneous and metamorphic petrology) with mineralogy as a prerequisite. The field version of the course is offered during the three weeks prior to fall quarter and the classroom version is offered in spring quarter. We take 15-20 students around the state of Washington, camping at different outcrop sites where students integrate observational skills, petrologic knowledge, and writing. Petrogenetic associations in various tectonic settings provide the theme of the course. We compare ophiolites vs. arc sequences (volcanic, plutonic, and metamorphic rocks), S- vs. I-type granitoids (plutonic rocks and associated metamorphic rocks), Barrovian vs. Buchan vs. subduction zone metamorphism of different protoliths, and flood-basalt vs. active-arc volcanism. Some basics are covered in the first day at WWU, followed by 17 days of field instruction. Lecture is integrated with outcrop study in the field. For example, students will listen to a lecture about magma differentiation processes as they examine cumulate rocks in the Mt. Stuart batholith, and a lecture about metamorphic facies as they study blueschist facies rocks in the San Juan Islands. Students study multiple outcrops around a site for 1-4 days. They then use their observations (sketches and written descriptions of mineral assemblages, rock types, rock textures, etc.) and analysis techniques (e.g. geochemical data plotting, metamorphic protolith analysis) to write papers in which the data are interpreted in terms of a larger tectonic problem. In advance of the writing process, students use group discussion techniques such as whiteboarding to share their observational evidence and explore interpretations. Student evaluations indicate that despite the intense pace of the course, they enjoy it more. Students also feel that they retain more material for future classes. The undivided attention, immediate writing/reflection, and repetition of skills in different settings reinforce material. Because of students' higher level of engagement, more of them pursue advanced classes or independent studies. A corollary benefit is that students form strong bonds with their cohort group, providing mutual support as they continue through the program and ultimately improving their field camp experience. Final exam scores are equal to or better than in the traditional class, and some basic skills, such the ability to make observations at a variety of scales in sketches and writing, are better. Students can also better distinguish between observation and inference in report writing. Finally, students can apply their theoretical understanding of petrologic processes (e.g. magma differentiation, metamorphic facies progressions) to real rocks in a more sophisticated way using evidence.

Petrology and geochemistry of mafic magmatic rocks from the Sarve-Abad ophiolites (Kurdistan region, Iran): Evidence for interaction between MORB-type asthenosphere and OIB-type components in the southern Neo-Tethys Ocean

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saccani, Emilio; Allahyari, Khalil; Rahimzadeh, Bahman

2014-05-01

The Sarve-Abad (Sawlava) ophiolites crop out in the Main Zagros Thrust Zone and represent remnants of the Mesozoic southern Neo-Tethys Ocean that was located between the Arabian shield and Sanandaj-Sirjan continental block. They consist of several incomplete ophiolitic sequences including gabbroic bodies, a dyke complex, and pillow lava sequences. These rocks generally range from sub-alkaline to transitional character. Mineral chemistry and whole-rock geochemistry indicate that they have compositions akin to enriched-type mid-ocean ridge basalts (E-MORB) and plume-type MORB (P-MORB). Nonetheless, the different depletion degrees in heavy rare earth elements (HREE), which can be observed in both E-MORB like and P-MORB like rocks enable two main basic chemical types of rocks to be distinguished as Type-I and Type-II. Type-I rocks are strongly depleted in HREE (YbN < ~ 6), whereas Type-II rocks are moderately depleted in HREE (YbN > 9.0). Petrogenetic modeling shows that Type-I rocks originated from 7 to 16% polybaric partial melting of a MORB-type mantle source, which was significantly enriched by plume-type components. These rocks resulted from the mixing of variable fractions of melts generated in garnet-facies and the spinel-facies mantle. In contrast, Type-II rocks originated from 5 to 8% partial melting in the spinel-facies of a MORB-type source, which was moderately enriched by plume-type components. A possible tectono-magmatic model for the generation of the southern Neo-Tethys oceanic crust implies that the continental rift and subsequent oceanic spreading were associated with uprising of MORB-type asthenospheric mantle featuring plume-type component influences decreasing from deep to shallow mantle levels. These deep plume-type components were most likely inherited from Carboniferous mantle plume activity that was associated with the opening of Paleo-Tethys in the same area.

Educacion de Adultos en America Latina. Estudio Bibliografico. Serie Bibliografica # 3 (Adult Education in Latin America: Bibliographical Study. Bibliographical Series # 3).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schlaen, Norah

This analytical bibliography describes a group of selected documents that examine the current status and extent of development of adult education in Latin America. Documents were selected for inclusion based upon their focus on and concern for international and national goals and needs of adult education programs and for distribution to countries…

Use of Bibliographic Systems and Concept Maps: Innovative Tools to Complete a Literature Review

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martelo, Maira L.

2011-01-01

This article presents a process for utilizing a bibliographic system built with Microsoft Excel as well as concept maps to organize and to synthesize information that can be included in a literature review. A review of the conceptual framework behind these tools is included as well as a detailed description about how to build the system in Excel.…

[The importance of a bibliographic analysis in the magazines published by Revista Rol de Enfermeria"].

PubMed

Lorente Gallego, A M; Chaín-Navarro, C; Flores Martín, J A

2007-06-01

This article is a preview of a project whose objective is to carry out a bibliographical analysis of the articles bearing scientific information included in the "ROL de Enfermeria" magazine over the past five years. This magazine started publication in 1978 and has as its goal contributing to the spread of scientific knowledge in the Nursing field.

Bibliographic Services throughout the World. Supplement: 1981-1982 = Les services bibliographiques dans le monde. Supplement, 1981-1982.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beaudiquez, Marcelle

This compilation provides an overall view of the state of national bibliographic services in 101 countries. The document includes data gathered via a questionnaire that was sent to 160 countries of whom 101 replied. Introductory materials include a list of the countries listed in the document; a brief discussion of the survey and how the results…

Use of Online Bibliographic Retrieval Systems in Science and Technology Libraries. A Report to the Council on Library Resources on a Fellowship Project, 1977.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Carolyn

This study examines the use of online bibliographic retrieval systems in a selected number of science and technology libraries chosen for their leadership reputation; it is limited to the use of online systems operated by a library staff member. Participating libraries included 12 academic, one government, and 10 research or institutional…

Are Bibliographic Management Software Search Interfaces Reliable?: A Comparison between Search Results Obtained Using Database Interfaces and the EndNote Online Search Function

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fitzgibbons, Megan; Meert, Deborah

2010-01-01

The use of bibliographic management software and its internal search interfaces is now pervasive among researchers. This study compares the results between searches conducted in academic databases' search interfaces versus the EndNote search interface. The results show mixed search reliability, depending on the database and type of search…

IFLA General Conference, 1990. Division of Bibliographic Control: Open Forum; Section of Cataloguing; Section of Bibliography; Section of Classification and Indexing. Booklet 4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

The 10 papers in this collection were presented at an open forum and meetings of three sections within the Division of Bibliographic Control: (1) "Review of the Work of the Section on Cataloguing 1989/1990" (Nancy R. John and Inger Cathrine Spangen); (2) "Report from the Section on Classification and Indexing" (Dorothy…

Meteoritic basalts. Final report, 1986-1989

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Treiman, A.H.

1989-10-01

The objectives were to: explain the abundances of siderophile elements in the SNC meteorite suite, of putative Martian origin; discover the magmatic origins and possibly magma compositions behind the Nakhla meteorite, one of the SNC meteorites; and a re-evaluation of the petrology of Angra dos Reis, a unique meteorite linked to the earliest planetary bodies of the solar nebula. A re-evaluation of its petrography showed that the accepted scenario for its origin, as a cumulate igneous rock, was not consistent with the meteorite's textures (Treiman). More likely is that the meteorite represents a prophyritic igneous rock, originally with magma dominant.more » Studies of the Nakhla meteorite, of possible Martian origin, although difficult, were successful. It became necessary to reject the basic categorization of Nakhla: that is was a cumulate igneous rock. Detailed studies of the chemical zoning of Nakhlas' minerals, coupled with the failure of experimental studies to yield expected results, forced the conclusion that Nakhla is not a cumulate rock in the usual sense: a rock composed of igneous crystals and intercrystal magma. Study of the siderophile element abundances in the SNC meteorite groups involved trying to find reasonable core formation processes and parameters that would reproduce the observed abundances. Modelling was successful, and delimited a range of models which overlap with those reasonable from geophysical constraints.« less

Meteoritic basalts

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Treiman, Allan H.

1989-01-01

The objectives were to: explain the abundances of siderophile elements in the SNC meteorite suite, of putative Martian origin; discover the magmatic origins and possibly magma compositions behind the Nakhla meteorite, one of the SNC meteorites; and a re-evaluation of the petrology of Angra dos Reis, a unique meteorite linked to the earliest planetary bodies of the solar nebula. A re-evaluation of its petrography showed that the accepted scenario for its origin, as a cumulate igneous rock, was not consistent with the meteorite's textures (Treiman). More likely is that the meteorite represents a prophyritic igneous rock, originally with magma dominant. Studies of the Nakhla meteorite, of possible Martian origin, although difficult, were successful. It became necessary to reject the basic categorization of Nakhla: that is was a cumulate igneous rock. Detailed studies of the chemical zoning of Nakhlas' minerals, coupled with the failure of experimental studies to yield expected results, forced the conclusion that Nakhla is not a cumulate rock in the usual sense: a rock composed of igneous crystals and intercrystal magma. Study of the siderophile element abundances in the SNC meteorite groups involved trying to find reasonable core formation processes and parameters that would reproduce the observed abundances. Modelling was successful, and delimited a range of models which overlap with those reasonable from geophysical constraints.

Aperçu de precambrien de côte d'Ivoire: geologie-metallogenie

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Angoran, Y.; Kadio, E.

The Ivory Coast is situated at the southern limits of the West African Craton and constitute a part of the 'Dorsale de Man'. The precambrian rocks occupy 97% of the superficial area of the country and include rocks of two orogenic episodes: the Liberian (3000-2580 Ma) and the Eburnian of lower Proterozoic (2400-1550 Ma). Liberian Orogeny, which is the most ancient, consists of gneisses, amphibo-pyroxinites, fine-grained itabirites and coarse-grained ferruginous quartzites. The aluminous gneisses, amphibo-pyroxinites and ferruginous quartzites are supracrustals that have been transformed by a high grade Catasonal metamorphism resulting in highly folded rocks. The Liberian plutons are infracrustals consisting of complex basic and ultrabasic rocks, migmatites, charnockites and granites associated with magmatites. This Liberian complex is intruded by some dolerites (2200 Ma), and kimberlites with diamond (2210-2500 Ma) which have been eroded to produce Birrimian placer deposits of Tortiya and Birrim in Ghana. The eburnian geosyncline consists of alternating subparallel intrageosynclines and intrageanticlines. The volcano-sedimentary complexes were intruded by eburnian plutons of 2100-1550 Ma. About 20 different types of mineralisations are common within the Pre-Cambrian rocks of the Ivory Coast and they are of Archaen to lower Proterozoic age. Examples of these mineral concentrations are cited in this paper.

Petrology and metamorphic evolution of ultramafic rocks and dolerite dykes of the Betic Ophiolitic Association (Mulhacén Complex, SE Spain): evidence of eo-Alpine subduction following an ocean-floor metasomatic process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Puga, E.; Nieto, J. M.; Díaz de Federico, A.; Bodinier, J. L.; Morten, L.

1999-10-01

The Betic Ophiolitic Association, cropping out within the Mulhacén Complex (Betic Cordilleras), is made up of numerous metre- to kilometre-sized lenses of mafic and/or ultramafic and meta-sedimentary rocks. Pre-Alpine oceanic metasomatism and metamorphism caused the first stage of serpentinization in the ultramafic sequence of this association, which is characterized by local clinopyroxene (Cpx) breakdown and Ca-depletion, and complementary rodingitization of the basic dykes intruded in them. Subsequent eo-Alpine orogenic metamorphism developed eclogite facies assemblages in ultramafic and basic lithotypes, which were partly retrograded in Ab-Ep-amphibolite facies conditions during a meso-Alpine event. The heterogeneous development of the oceanic metasomatism in the ultramafic rock-types led to the patchy development of highly serpentinized Ca-depleted domains, without gradual transition to the host, and less serpentinized, Cpx-bearing ultramafites, mainly lherzolitic in composition. The high-pressure eo-Alpine recrystallization of these ultramafites in subduction conditions originated secondary harzburgites in the Ca-depleted domains, consisting of a spinifex-like textured olivine+orthopyroxene paragenesis, and a diopside+Ti-clinohumite paragenesis in the enclosing lherzolitic rocks. During the meso-Alpine event, secondary harzburgites were partly transformed into talc+antigorite serpentinites, whereas the diopside and clinohumite-bearing residual meta-lherzolites were mainly transformed into Cpx-bearing serpentinites. Relics of mantle-derived colourless olivine may be present in the more or less serpentinized secondary harzburgites. These relics are overgrown by the eo-Alpine brown pseudo-spinifex olivine, which contains submicroscopic inclusions of chromite, ilmenite and occasional halite and sylvite, inherited from its parental oceanic serpentine. The same type of mantle-derived olivine relics is also preserved within the Cpx-bearing serpentinites, although it has been partly replaced by the eo-Alpine Ti-clinohumite. The dolerite dykes included in the ultramafites were partly rodingitized in an oceanic environment. They were then transformed during the eo-Alpine event into meta-rodingites in their border zones and into eclogites towards the innermost, less-rodingitized portions. Estimated P- T conditions for the high-pressure assemblages in ultramafic and basic lithotypes range from 650 to 750°C and 16-25 kb.

Assessing the impact of bibliographical support on the quality of medical care in patients admitted to an internal medicine service: a prospective clinical, open, randomised two-arm parallel study.

PubMed

Pastori, Matteo Mario; Sarti, Manuela; Pons, Marco; Barazzoni, Fabrizio

2014-10-01

To assess and quantify the impact of the literature in diagnostic decisions and treatment of patients admitted to an internal medicine service using the methodology of evidence-based medicine. From November 2012 to February 2013, patients who were hospitalised in the internal medicine service of Regional Hospital of Lugano (Switzerland) and generated questions on medical care were randomly assigned to two groups: an 'intervention group' (supported by the literature research) and a 'control group' (not supported by the literature research). The information obtained from the literature was submitted by email to all members of the medical team within 12 h after asking the question. Two hundred and one participants, from 866 patients hospitalised in the analysed period, divided into intervention (n=101) and control (n=100) groups, generated questions. In the intervention group, bibliographical research was possible for 98 participants. The medical team accepted the results and implemented the research for 90.8% of these participants (89/98). Statistical analyses were carried out on the intention-to-treat and on the per-protocol populations. Bibliographical research had a significant protective effect on transfer to an intensive care unit (relative risk (RR)=0.30; 95% CI 0.10 to 0.90; χ²=5.3, p=0.02) and hospital readmissions were also influenced by bibliographical research (RR=0.42; 95% CI 0.17 to 1.0; χ²=3.36, p=0.05) in the intention-to-treat population. Our results point out the importance of bibliographical support on the quality of medical care. In particular, they show its possible impact on clinical outcome. EOC Registry (registration number: 14-055).

CHERNOLITTM. Chernobyl Bibliographic Search System

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Caff, F., Jr.; Kennedy, R.A.; Mahaffey, J.A.

1992-03-02

The Chernobyl Bibliographic Search System (Chernolit TM) provides bibliographic data in a usable format for research studies relating to the Chernobyl nuclear accident that occurred in the former Ukrainian Republic of the USSR in 1986. Chernolit TM is a portable and easy to use product. The bibliographic data is provided under the control of a graphical user interface so that the user may quickly and easily retrieve pertinent information from the large database. The user may search the database for occurrences of words, names, or phrases; view bibliographic references on screen; and obtain reports of selected references. Reports may bemore » viewed on the screen, printed, or accumulated in a folder that is written to a disk file when the user exits the software. Chernolit TM provides a cost-effective alternative to multiple, independent literature searches. Forty-five hundred references concerning the accident, including abstracts, are distributed with Chernolit TM. The data contained in the database were obtained from electronic literature searches and from requested donations from individuals and organizations. These literature searches interrogated the Energy Science and Technology database (formerly DOE ENERGY) of the DIALOG Information Retrieval Service. Energy Science and Technology, provided by the U.S. DOE, Washington, D.C., is a multi-disciplinary database containing references to the world`s scientific and technical literature on energy. All unclassified information processed at the Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI) of the U.S. DOE is included in the database. In addition, information on many documents has been manually added to Chernolit TM. Most of this information was obtained in response to requests for data sent to people and/or organizations throughout the world.« less

Chernobyl Bibliographic Search System

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carr, Jr, F.; Kennedy, R. A.; Mahaffey, J. A.

1992-05-11

The Chernobyl Bibliographic Search System (Chernolit TM) provides bibliographic data in a usable format for research studies relating to the Chernobyl nuclear accident that occurred in the former Ukrainian Republic of the USSR in 1986. Chernolit TM is a portable and easy to use product. The bibliographic data is provided under the control of a graphical user interface so that the user may quickly and easily retrieve pertinent information from the large database. The user may search the database for occurrences of words, names, or phrases; view bibliographic references on screen; and obtain reports of selected references. Reports may bemore » viewed on the screen, printed, or accumulated in a folder that is written to a disk file when the user exits the software. Chernolit TM provides a cost-effective alternative to multiple, independent literature searches. Forty-five hundred references concerning the accident, including abstracts, are distributed with Chernolit TM. The data contained in the database were obtained from electronic literature searches and from requested donations from individuals and organizations. These literature searches interrogated the Energy Science and Technology database (formerly DOE ENERGY) of the DIALOG Information Retrieval Service. Energy Science and Technology, provided by the U.S. DOE, Washington, D.C., is a multi-disciplinary database containing references to the world''s scientific and technical literature on energy. All unclassified information processed at the Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI) of the U.S. DOE is included in the database. In addition, information on many documents has been manually added to Chernolit TM. Most of this information was obtained in response to requests for data sent to people and/or organizations throughout the world.« less

U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology from the basement of the Central Qilian Terrane: implications for tectonic evolution of northeastern Tibetan Plateau

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Changfeng; Wu, Chen; Zhou, Zhiguang; Yan, Zhu; Jiang, Tian; Song, Zhijie; Liu, Wencan; Yang, Xin; Zhang, Hongyuan

2018-03-01

The Tuolai Group dominates the Central Qilian Terrane, and there are different opinions on the age and tectonic attribute of the Tuolai Group. Based on large-scale geologic mapping and zircon dating, the Tuolai Group is divided into four parts: metamorphic supracrustal rocks, Neoproterozoic acid intrusive rocks, early-middle Ordovician acid intrusive rocks and middle Ordovician basic intrusive rocks. The metamorphic supracrustal rocks are the redefined Tuolai complex-group and include gneiss and schist assemblage by faulting contact. Zircon U-Pb LA-MC-ICP-MS dating was conducted on these samples of gneiss and migmatite from the gneiss assemblage, quartzite, two-mica schist and slate from the schist assemblage. The five detrital samples possess similar age spectra; have detrital zircon U-Pb main peak ages of 1.7 Ga with youngest U-Pb ages of 1150 Ma. They are intruded by Neoproterozoic acid intrusive rocks. Therefore, the Tuolai Group belonging to late Mesoproterozoic and early Neoproterozoic. With this caveat in mind, we believe that U-Pb detrital zircon dating, together with the geologic constraints obtained from this study and early work in the neighboring regions. We suggest that the formation age of the entire crystalline basement rocks of metasedimentary sequence from the Central Qilian Terrane should be constrained between the Late Mesoproterozoic and the Late Neoproterozoic, but not the previous Paleoproterozoic. The basement of the Central Qilian Terrane contains the typical Grenville ages, which indicates the Centre Qilian Terrane have been experienced the Grenville orogeny event.

Expertise finding in bibliographic network: topic dominance learning approach.

PubMed

Neshati, Mahmood; Hashemi, Seyyed Hadi; Beigy, Hamid

2014-12-01

Expert finding problem in bibliographic networks has received increased interest in recent years. This problem concerns finding relevant researchers for a given topic. Motivated by the observation that rarely do all coauthors contribute to a paper equally, in this paper, we propose two discriminative methods for realizing leading authors contributing in a scientific publication. Specifically, we cast the problem of expert finding in a bibliographic network to find leading experts in a research group, which is easier to solve. We recognize three feature groups that can discriminate relevant experts from other authors of a document. Experimental results on a real dataset, and a synthetic one that is gathered from a Microsoft academic search engine, show that the proposed model significantly improves the performance of expert finding in terms of all common information retrieval evaluation metrics.

Development of an Integrated, Computer-Based, Bibliographical Data System for a Large University Library. Annual Report to the National Science Foundation from the University of Chicago Library, 1967-68.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fussler, Herman H.; Payne, Charles T.

The project's second year (1967/68) was devoted to upgrading the computer operating software and programs to increase versatility and reliability. General conclusions about the program after 24 months of operation are that the project's objectives are sound and that effective utilization of computer-aided bibliographic data processing is essential…

Searches for Randomized Controlled Trials of Drugs in MEDLINE and EMBASE Using Only Generic Drug Names Compared with Searches Applied in Current Practice in Systematic Reviews

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waffenschmidt, Siw; Guddat, Charlotte

2015-01-01

Background: It is unclear which terms should be included in bibliographic searches for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of drugs, and identifying relevant drug terms can be extremely laborious. The aim of our analysis was to determine whether a bibliographic search using only the generic drug name produces sufficient results for the generation…

High School Students, Libraries, and the Search Process. An Analysis of Student Materials and Facilities Usage Patterns in Delaware Following Introduction of Online Bibliographic Database Searching.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mancall, Jacqueline C.; Deskins, Dreama

This report assesses the impact of instruction in online bibliographic database searching on high school students' use of library materials and facilities in three Delaware secondary schools (one public, one parochial, and one private) during the spring of 1984. Most students involved in the analysis were given a brief explanation of online…

IFLA General Conference, 1989. Division of Bibliographic Control. Open Forum of the Division; Section on Cataloguing; Section on Bibliography; Section on Classification and Indexing. Booklet 40.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

There are 16 papers in this collection from the Division of Bibliographic Control: (1) "Report from the Section on Cataloging" (Tom Delsey); (2) "Section on Bibliography Report" (B. C. Bloomfield); (3) "Report from the Section on Classification and Indexing" (Robert P. Holley); (4) "The Cost of Cataloging" (French and English versions; Genevieve…

Millimeter-wave sensing of the environment: A bibliographic survey

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schneider, E.; Epstein, E. E.

1981-01-01

This literature survey was conducted to examine the field of millimeter wave remote sensing of the environment and collect all relevant observations made in the atmospheric windows near 90, 140, and 230 GHz of ocean, terrain, man-made features, and the atmosphere. Over 170 articles and reports were examined; bibliographic references are provided for all and abstracts are quoted when available. Selected highlights were extracted from the pertinent articles.

Small drill-hole, gas mini-permeameter probe

DOEpatents

Molz, III, Fred J.; Murdoch, Lawrence C.; Dinwiddie, Cynthia L.; Castle, James W.

2002-12-03

The distal end of a basic tube element including a stopper device with an expandable plug is positioned in a pre-drilled hole in a rock face. Rotating a force control wheel threaded on the tube element exerts force on a sleeve that in turn causes the plug component of the stopper means to expand and seal the distal end of the tube in the hole. Gas under known pressure is introduced through the tube element. A thin capillary tube positioned in the tube element connects the distal end of the tube element to means to detect and display pressure changes and data that allow the permeability of the rock to be determined.

Small drill-hole, gas mini-permeameter probe

DOEpatents

Molz, III, Fred J.; Murdoch, Lawrence C.; Dinwiddie, Cynthia L.; Castle, James W.

2002-01-01

The distal end of a basic tube element including a stopper device with an expandable plug is positioned in a pre-drilled hole in a rock face. Rotating a force control wheel threaded on the tube element exerts force on a sleeve that in turn causes the plug component of the stopper means to expand and seal the distal end of the tube in the hole. Gas under known pressure is introduced through the tube element. A thin capillary tube positioned in the tube element connects the distal end of the tube element to means to detect and display pressure changes and data that allow the permeability of the rock to be determined.

Off-platform Silurian sequences in the Ambler River quadrangle: A section in Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1987

USGS Publications Warehouse

Dumoulin, Julie A.; Harris, Anita G.

1988-01-01

Lithofacies changes in coeval upper Paleozoic rocks have been used to unravel the tectonic history of northern Alaska (for example, Mayfield and others, 1983). Conodont biostratigraphy and detailed petrologic studies are now revealing facies differences in lower Paleozoic rocks that can also be used to constrain their tectono-sedimentary framework (Dumoulin and Harris, 1987). A basic element of basin analysis is the discrimination of shallow-water shelf and platform sequences from deeper water slope and basinal deposits. This report documents several new localities of deeper water, off-platform Silurian deposits in the Ambler River quadrangle and briefly outlines some of their paleogeographic implications.

Alteration of submarine volcanic rocks in oxygenated Archean oceans

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ohmoto, H.; Bevacqua, D.; Watanabe, Y.

2009-12-01

Most submarine volcanic rocks, including basalts in diverging plate boundaries and andesites/dacites in converging plate boundaries, have been altered by low-temperature seawater and/or hydrothermal fluids (up to ~400°C) under deep oceans; the hydrothermal fluids evolved from shallow/deep circulations of seawater through the underlying hot igneous rocks. Volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits (VMSDs) and banded iron formations (BIFs) were formed by mixing of submarine hydrothermal fluids with local seawater. Therefore, the behaviors of various elements, especially of redox-sensitive elements, in altered submarine volcanic rocks, VMSDs and BIFs can be used to decipher the chemical evolution of the oceans and atmosphere. We have investigated the mineralogy and geochemistry of >500 samples of basalts from a 260m-long drill core section of Hole #1 of the Archean Biosphere Drilling Project (ABDP #1) in the Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. The core section is comprised of ~160 m thick Marble Bar Chert/Jasper Unit (3.46 Ga) and underlying, inter-bedded, and overlying submarine basalts. Losses/gains of 65 elements were quantitatively evaluated on the basis of their concentration ratios against the least mobile elements (Ti, Zr and Nb). We have recognized that mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of many of these samples are essentially the same as those of hydrothermally-altered modern submarine basalts and also those of altered volcanic rocks that underlie Phanerozoic VMSDs. The similarities include, but are not restricted to: (1) the alteration mineralogy (chlorite ± sericite ± pyrophyllite ± carbonates ± hematite ± pyrite ± rutile); (2) the characteristics of whole-rock δ18O and δ34S values; (3) the ranges of depletion and enrichment of Si, Al, Mg, Ca, K, Na, Fe, Mn, and P; (4) the enrichment of Ba (as sulfate); (5) the increases in Fe3+/Fe2+ ratios; (6) the enrichment of U; (7) the depletion of Cr; and (8) the negative Ce anomalies. Literature data on other submarine volcanic rocks in Pilbara, Australia (~3.55 Ga to ~3.2 Ga in age) and the ~2.9 - 2.7 Ga submarine volcanic rocks in Ontario, Canada indicate that many of these rocks exhibit the same characteristics (1)-(8). Characteristics (4) was probably caused by the mixing of Ba-rich hydrothermal fluids and SO42--rich seawater; (5) and the abundance of hematite by reactions between ferrous-rich minerals and O2-rich seawater; (6) by reactions between ferrous-rich minerals and U-rich seawater; (7) by leaching of Cr from rocks by O2-rich seawater; and (8) by reactions with Ce-depleted oxidized seawater. These data suggest that the chemistry of ocean water, including the concentrations of major elements and many redox-sensitive elements/compounds (e.g., U, Ce, SO42-, and O2), has been basically the same since at least ~3.5 Ga, except for the higher ∑CO2 contents in Archean oceans. O2 contents of deep (>200 m) oceans would become zero when the atmospheric pO2 decreased to less than ~50% of the present level. Therefore, geochemical data on the Archean rocks further suggest that the atmospheric pO2 level, the fluxes of bio-essential elements to the oceans (e.g., K, PO43-, NO3-, Ba, Mo, W), and the biological productivity in the oceans, have been basically the same since at least ~3.5 Ga.

Curriculum Guide: Educable Mentally Retarded, Senior High Program; Little Rock Public Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arkansas State Dept. of Education, Little Rock. Special Education Section.

Emphasizing social and economic growth of the educable retarded secondary student, provision is made for lesson and unit plans which give information on vocational and educational opportunities and which develop habits, attitudes and skills necessary for the individual to hold a job. The basic skills to be taught, books and materials useful in…

World Map Showing Surface and Subsurface Distribution, and Lithologic Character of Middle and Late Neoproterozoic Rocks

USGS Publications Warehouse

Stewart, John H.

2007-01-01

INTRODUCTION The map was prepared to outline the basic information on where Neoproterozoic rocks are present in the World, and of the lithologic character of these rocks. The information provides a better understanding of major Neoproterozoic tectonic subdivisions useful in paleogeographic and plate tectonic reconstructions. The time frame of the map is within the middle and late Neoproterozoic from approximately 870 to 540 Ma and is after widespread Mesoproterozoic Grenville-age collisional events that are considered to have formed the hypothetical supercontinent of Rodinia. Much of the time represented by the map is interpreted to be during the fragmentation of Rodinia. The recognition of Neoproterozoic rocks is commonly difficult because of limited isotopic or paloeontological dating. Thus, some rocks shown on the map could be older or younger than the age indicated. However, at the scale of the map the the problem may be minor. Enough information seems to be available to indicate the general age of the rocks. Many of the successions contain diamictite deposits considered to be glaciogenic and dated as middle or late Neoproterozoic. These deposits thus show a rough correlation of middle and late Neoproterozoic rocks of the world. The map is a Richardson map projection, except for Antarctica which is a polar projection. The map was prepared from about 650 references, shown in the text linked below under 'Sources of Information', used to outline distribution patterns, determine rock types, and provide information on the regional and local geologic framework of the rocks. The focus of the references is on the geologic information needed to prepare the map. Other information, such as plate tectonic reconstructions or paleomagnetic studies is generally not included. The 'Sources of Information' lists references alphabetically for each of 14 regions. In brackets is a code for each area. These codes provide help in locating the specific regions in the references.

Data and Analysis Center for Software

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-03-01

is available to DACS users. 7.4 Bibliographic Services Bibliographic inquiries to the DACS are received in many forms: by letter, by telephone call, by...of potential users concerning the DACS and its products and services. 9-4 10.0 TASK 9 - SPECIAL STUDIES AND PROJECTS 10.1 Introduction There are many ...problems related to software technology that can be solved through the full service capabilities provided by the DACS. Many of these are sizable

Development of an Integrated, Computer-Based Bibliographical Data System for a Large University Library. Annual Report to the National Science Foundation from the University of Chicago Library, 1966/67.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fussler, Herman; Payne, Charles T.

Part I is a discussion of the following project tasks: A) development of an on-line, real-time bibliographic data processing system; B) implementation in library operations; C) character sets; D) Project MARC; E) circulation; and F) processing operation studies. Part II is a brief discussion of efforts to work out cooperative library systems…

Using bibliographic databases in technology transfer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Huffman, G. David

1987-01-01

When technology developed for a specific purpose is used in another application, the process is called technology transfer--the application of an existing technology to a new use or user for purposes other than those for which the technology was originally intended. Using Bibliographical Databases in Technology Transfer deals with demand-pull transfer, technology transfer that arises from need recognition, and is a guide for conducting demand-pull technology transfer studies. It can be used by a researcher as a self-teaching manual or by an instructor as a classroom text. A major problem of technology transfer is finding applicable technology to transfer. Described in detail is the solution to this problem, the use of computerized, bibliographic databases, which currently contain virtually all documented technology of the past 15 years. A general framework for locating technology is described. NASA technology organizations and private technology transfer firms are listed for consultation.

A Bibliometric History of the Journal of Psychology Between 1936 and 2015.

PubMed

Tur-Porcar, Ana; Mas-Tur, Alicia; Merigó, José M; Roig-Tierno, Norat; Watt, John

2018-05-19

The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied is a leading international journal in psychology dating back to 1935. This study examines its publications since its creation utilizing a bibliometric analysis. The primary objective is to provide a complete overview of the key factors affecting the journal. This analysis includes such key issues as the publication and citation structure of the journal, its most cited articles, and the leading authors, institutions, and countries referenced in the journal. The work uses the Scopus database to classify the bibliographic material. Additionally, the analysis provides a graphical mapping of the bibliographic data by using visualization of similarities viewer software. This software uses several bibliometric techniques including co-citation, bibliographic coupling and co-occurrence of keywords. The Journal of Psychology is strongly connected to most of the current leading journals in psychology, and currently has a 5-year impact factor of 1.77 (Thomson Reuters, 2015 Journal Citation Reports).

Maximum volume cuboids for arbitrarily shaped in-situ rock blocks as determined by discontinuity analysis—A genetic algorithm approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ülker, Erkan; Turanboy, Alparslan

2009-07-01

The block stone industry is one of the main commercial use of rock. The economic potential of any block quarry depends on the recovery rate, which is defined as the total volume of useful rough blocks extractable from a fixed rock volume in relation to the total volume of moved material. The natural fracture system, the rock type(s) and the extraction method used directly influence the recovery rate. The major aims of this study are to establish a theoretical framework for optimising the extraction process in marble quarries for a given fracture system, and for predicting the recovery rate of the excavated blocks. We have developed a new approach by taking into consideration only the fracture structure for maximum block recovery in block quarries. The complete model uses a linear approach based on basic geometric features of discontinuities for 3D models, a tree structure (TS) for individual investigation and finally a genetic algorithm (GA) for the obtained cuboid volume(s). We tested our new model in a selected marble quarry in the town of İscehisar (AFYONKARAHİSAR—TURKEY).

Deep Bore Storage of Nuclear Waste Using MMW (Millimeter Wave) Technology. Full Project Final Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Oglesby, Kenneth D.; Woskov, Paul; Einstein, Herbert

This DOE Nuclear STTR project DE-SC001238 investigated the use of MMW directed energy to form rock melt and steel plugs in deep wellbores to further isolate highly radioactive nuclear waste in ultra-deep basement rocks for long term storage. This current project builds upon a prior DOE project, DE-EE0005504, which developed the basic low power, low 28 GHz frequency waveguide setup, process and instruments. This research adds to our understanding of using MMW power to melt and vaporize rocks and steel/ metals and laid plans for future higher power field prototype testing. This technology also has potential for deep well drillingmore » for nuclear storage, geothermal and oil and gas industries. It also has the potential for simultaneously sealing and securing the wellbore with a thick rock melt liner as the wellbore is drilled, called 'mono-bore drilling'. This allows for higher levels of safety and protection of the environment during deep drilling operations while providing vast cost savings. The larger purpose of this project was to find answers to key questions in developing MMW technology for its many subsurface applications.« less

Earthquake Macro-zonation Based Peak Ground Acceleration, Modified Mercalli Intensity, And Type of Rocks around Matano Fault

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karnaen, Muh; Suriamihardja, D. A.; Maulana, A.; Jaya, A.

2018-03-01

This study aims to determine earthquake vulnerable zones. We conducted research on earthquake macro-zonation based on PGA, Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI), and type of rocks around Matano Fault in the area of 1.60 S to 2.990 S and 120.50 E to 122.470 E. We have acquired Maximum PGA and Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) for each observation point on the ground from the four major earthquake events. The empirical model is used due to lack of acceleration data recorded. We tried some empirical methods, but the McGuire method is found to be acceptable for this area. The result gives the maximum variation of PGA which is ranged between 18.40 - 363.54 gals. While the variation of MMI using empirical Wald attenuation gives values ranging from 2.9 - 7.7 MMI. The most vulnerable zone is located around Sorowako city with PGA value of 326.55 gals and MMI value of 7.5 MMI. This area is between ultra-basic rock and metamorphic rock formation. The vulnerable zone is near largest earthquake 6.2 M on 15-02-2011.

Reduced gas seepages in serpentinized peridotite complexes: Evidences for multiple origins of the H2-CH4-N2 gas mixtures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deville, E.; Vacquand, C.; Beaumont, V.; Francois, G.; Sissmann, O.; Pillot, D.; Arcilla, C. A.; Prinzhofer, A.

2017-12-01

A comparative study of reduced gas seepages associated to serpentinized ultrabasic rocks was conducted in the ophiolitic complexes of Oman, the Philippines, Turkey and New Caledonia. This study is based on analyzes of the gas chemical composition, noble gases contents, and stable isotopes of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen. These gas seepages are mostly made of mixtures of three main components which are H2, CH4 and N2 in various proportions. The relative contents of the three main gas components show 4 distinct families of gas mixtures (H2-rich, N2-rich, N2-H2-CH4 and H2-CH4). These families are interpreted as reflecting different zones of gas generation within or below the ophiolitic complexes. In the H2-rich family associated noble gases display signatures close to the value of air. In addition to the atmospheric component, mantle and crustal contributions are present in the N2-rich, N2-H2-CH4 and H2-CH4 families. H2-bearing gases are either associated to ultra-basic (pH 10-12) spring waters or they seep directly in fracture systems from the ophiolitic rocks. In ophiolitic contexts, ultrabasic rocks provide an adequate environment with available Fe2+ and high pH conditions that favor H2 production. CH4 is produced either directly by reaction of dissolved CO2 with basic-ultrabasic rocks during the serpentinization process or in a second step by H2-CO2 interaction. H2 is present in the gas when no more carbon is available in the system to generate CH4 (conditions of strong carbon restriction). The N2-rich family is associated with relatively high contents of crustal 4He. In this family N2 is interpreted as issued mainly from sediments located below the ophiolitic units.

The main features of the Uralian Paleozoic magmatism and the epioceanic nature of the orogen

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fershtater, G. B.

2013-02-01

The 2000 km Uralian Paleozoic orogen is situated on the western flank of the Uralo-Mongolian folded belt. It is characterized by an abundant variety of magmatic rocks and related ore deposits. Uralian Paleozoic magmatism is entirely subduction-related. It is proposed that the Uralian orogen represents a cold mobile belt in which the mantle temperature was 200 to 500 °C cooler than in the adjacent areas; a situation which is similar to the modern West Pacific Triangle Zone including Indonesia, the Philippine Islands, and southern Asia. During the course of the geological evolution of the Uralian orogen, the nature of the magmatism has changed from basic rocks of indisputable mantle origin (460-390 Ma) to mantle-crust gabbro-granitic complexes (370-315 Ma) followed by pure crustal granite magmatism (290-250 Ma). This order in rock type and age reflects the evolution of Paleozoic magmatic complexes from the beginning of subduction to the final stages of the orogen development.

Friction of hard surfaces and its application in earthquakes and rock slope stability

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sinha, Nitish; Singh, Arun K.; Singh, Trilok N.

2018-05-01

In this article, we discuss the friction models for hard surfaces and their applications in earth sciences. The rate and state friction (RSF) model, which is basically modified form of the classical Amontons-Coulomb friction laws, is widely used for explaining the crustal earthquakes and the rock slope failures. Yet the RSF model has further been modified by considering the role of temperature at the sliding interface known as the rate, state and temperature friction (RSTF) model. Further, if the pore pressure is also taken into account then it is stated as the rate, state, temperature and pore pressure friction (RSTPF) model. All the RSF models predict a critical stiffness as well as a critical velocity at which sliding behavior becomes stable/unstable. The friction models are also used for predicting time of failure of the rock mass on an inclined plane. Finally, the limitation and possibilities of the proposed friction models are also highlighted.

Study project of intrusive rocks: States of Espirito Santo and Rio de Janeiro, south and east of Minas Gerais and southeast of the state of Sao Paulo. [Brazil

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dejesusparada, N. (Principal Investigator); Dossantos, A. R.; DOSANJOS; Barbos, M. P.; Veneziani, P.

1981-01-01

The feasibility of mapping intrusive rocks in polycyclic and polymetamorphic areas using the logic method for photointerpretation of LANDSAT and radar imagery was investigated. The resolution, scale and spectral characteristics of the imagery were considered. Spectral characteristics of the intrusive rock units mapped using image 100 were investigated. It was determined that identification of acidic and basic intrusive bodies and determination of their relationships with principal structural directions using the logic method was feasible. Tectonic compartments were subdivided into units according to their predominant lithographic types, ignoring stratigraphy. The principal directions of various foliations, faults, megafolds, and fractural systems were defined. Delineation of the boundaries of intrusive bodies mapped using the spectral characteristics of Image 100 imagery ws determined to be more accurate than visual analysis. A 1:500,000 scale map of intrusions in the areas studied was generated.

Analysis of In-Flight Collision Process During V-Type Firing Pattern in Surface Blasting Using Simple Physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chouhan, Lalit Singh; Raina, Avtar K.

2015-10-01

Blasting is a unit operation in Mine-Mill Fragmentation System (MMFS) and plays a vital role in mining cost. One of the goals of MMFS is to achieve optimum fragment size at minimal cost. Blast fragmentation optimization is known to result in better explosive energy utilization. Fragmentation depends on the rock, explosive and blast design variables. If burden, spacing and type of explosive used in a mine are kept constant, the firing sequence of blast-holes plays a vital role in rock fragmentation. To obtain smaller fragmentation size, mining professionals and relevant publications recommend V- or extended V-pattern of firing sequence. In doing so, it is assumed that the in-flight air collision breaks larger rock fragments into smaller ones, thus aiding further fragmentation. There is very little support to the phenomenon of breakage during in-flight collision of fragments during blasting in published literature. In order to assess the breakage of in-flight fragments due to collision, a mathematical simulation was carried over using basic principles of physics. The calculations revealed that the collision breakage is dependent on velocity of fragments, mass of fragments, the strength of the rock and the area of fragments over which collision takes place. For higher strength rocks, the in-flight collision breakage is very difficult to achieve. This leads to the conclusion that the concept demands an in-depth investigation and validation.

Population information resources.

PubMed

Pasquariella, S K

1984-12-01

This article describes print and computerized services that are dedicated to bibliographic coverage of 1 or more areas of population studies. Major printed bibliographic information resources for population material include: ADOPT, DOCPAL Resumenes sobre Poblacion en America Latina, PIDSA Abstracts, Population Index and Review of Population Reviews. ADOPT is an annotated computer-aided current-awareness bibliographic journal which has been published monthly since January 1975 by the Regional Population Information Center of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). DOCPAL Resumenes is a computer-produced biannual collection of abstracts containing indexes and between 600 and 700 summaries of both published and unpublished population documents. PIDSA is intended to make available documentary information about population matters in sub-Saharan Africa. Population Index, 1 of the oldest and most definitive bibliographies in the demography field, is international in scope and is arranged as a classified and annotated bibliography of monographs, journal articles and 2ndary source material relevant to all aspects of demography. Review of Population Reviews, published 4 times a year, are annotated bibliographies containing summaries of articles that have been published in 83 periodicals in 37 countries. Cited articles are assigned subject-heading descriptors from the Population Multilingual Thesaurus. Major computerized information resources are: DOCPAL, DOCPOP, EBIS/POPFILE, MANPINS, POPLINE and POPULATION BIBLIOGRAPHY. DOCPAL was established to assist Latin Ameran countries in the collection, storage, processing and retrieval of population documents about Latin America. DOCPAL contains over 19,000 bibliographic citations. DOCPOP was established as the 1st Latin American national computerized population documentation system for Brazilian material. POPLINE is a computerized retrieval service cooperatively produced in the US which covers the worldwide literature on population and family planning. POPULATION BIBLIOGRAPHY consists of bibliographic records of the Carolina Population Center Library at the University of North Carolina. EBIS/PROFILE provides computerized literature search services using improved information processing techniques. The system enables interactive information retrieval using a combination of subject descriptors, free text, author names and words in other fields and can be utilized to generate various lists. MANPINS is a cooperative network of 28 population and other libraries in Peninsular Malaysia. Its data bank includes contributions from member libraries in the form of bibliographic information on monographs and journal articles.

A Computer-Assisted Instruction Program on How To Use a Library Card Catalog: Description, Program, and Evaluation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wood, Richard J.

The computer program described is written in BASIC and, although it was developed for use at Slippery Rock State College, it could be adapted easily for other libraries using Library of Congress classification and cataloging rules. The program uses simple sequences of instructions and explanations followed by questions. Branching is employed to…

Evaluation Methodologies for Information Management Systems; Building Digital Tobacco Industry Document Libraries at the University of California, San Francisco Library/Center for Knowledge Management; Experiments with the IFLA Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR); Coming to Term: Designing the Texas Email Repository Model.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morse, Emile L.; Schmidt, Heidi; Butter, Karen; Rider, Cynthia; Hickey, Thomas B.; O'Neill, Edward T.; Toves, Jenny; Green, Marlan; Soy, Sue; Gunn, Stan; Galloway, Patricia

2002-01-01

Includes four articles that discuss evaluation methods for information management systems under the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; building digital libraries at the University of California San Francisco's Tobacco Control Archives; IFLA's Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records; and designing the Texas email repository model…

How come scientists uncritically adopt and embody Thomson's bibliographic impact factor?

PubMed

Porta, Miquel; Alvarez-Dardet, Carlos

2008-05-01

The bibliographic impact factor (BIF) of Thomson Scientific is sometimes not a valid scientometric indicator for a number of reasons. One major reason is the strong influence of the number of "source items" or "articles" for each journal that the company chooses each year as BIF's denominator. The irresistible fascination with (and picturesque uses of) a construct as scientifically weak as BIF are simple reminders that scientists are embedded in and embody culture.

Cretaceous and Eocene Adakites in the Sikhote-Alin area (Russian Far East) and their correlation with adakitic rocks in the East Asia continental margin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, T. J.; Jahn, B. M.

2017-12-01

Adakitic rocks of the Sikhote-Alin area were emplaced during two main periods: the Cretaceous (132-98 Ma) and Eocene (46-39 Ma). These rocks primarily occur in the Khanka Block and, less commonly, in the Sikhote-Alin Orogenic Belt. The adakitic rocks record the following chemical compositions: SiO2 = 57-74%, Al2O3 = 15-18%, Na2O = 3.5-6.1%, K2O = 0.7-3.2%, Na2O/K2O = 1.1-3.9, Sr/Y = 33-145, and (La/Yb)N = 11-53. The HREE and HFSE in these rocks are remarkably depleted. The Early Cretaceous adakites record ɛNd(T) = -1.0 to +3.2 and ISr = 0.7040-0.7090, and the Eocene adakitic rocks record Nd(T) = -2.0 to +2.2 and ISr = 0.7042-0.7058. Adakitic features suggest different modes of magma generation; a comparison of the Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios and geochemical data on Harker diagrams between the two periods of adakitic rocks reveals differences in their petrogenesis. The Cretaceous adakites may have been generated by the partial melting of meta-basic rocks in a subduction zone, accompanied by the emplacement of volcanic arc granitoids. Therefore, the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate beneath the Sikhote-Alin was probably initiated during this time. The Eocene rocks, which record increasing adakitic features with increasing silica content, are most likely the product of andesite that underwent fractionation of mineral assemblage including clinopyoxene, orthopyroxene, garnet and amphibole. These rocks and associated basalts and rhyolite were formed after Cretaceous arc magmatism in the Sikhote-Alin area and were most likely generated by rollback of the subducting Pacific Plate after the Eocene. Abundant adakitic granitoids of Early Cretaceous and Eocene age occur in the Kitakami and Abukuma Mountains of NE Japan. Consequently, it is highly probable that a geological correlation existed between Sikhote-Alin and North Japan, particularly before the opening of the Japan Sea.

Distribution of rock fragments and their effects on hillslope soil erosion in purple soil, China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Xiaoyan

2017-04-01

Purple soil is widely distributed in Sichuan Basin and Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Purple soil region is abundant in soil fertility and hydrothermal resources, playing an important role in the agricultural development of China. Soil erosion has long been recognized as a major environmental problem in the purple soil region where the population is large and slope farming is commonly practiced, and rainstorm is numerous. The existence of rock fragments is one of the most important characteristics of purple soil. Rock fragments at the soil surface or in the soil layer affect soil erosion processes by water in various direct and indirect ways, thus the erosion processes of soil containing rock fragments have unique features. Against the severe soil degradation by erosion of purple soil slope, carrying out the research about the characteristics of purple soil containing rock fragments and understanding the influence of rock fragments on soil erosion processes have important significance, which would promote the rational utilization of purple soil slope land resources and accurate prediction of purple soil loss. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate the distribution of rock fragments in purple soil slope and the impact of rock fragment content on soil physical properties and soil erosion. First, field sampling methods were used to survey the spatial variability of rock fragments in soil profiles and along slope and the physical properties of soils containing rock fragments. Secondly, indoor simulated rainfall experiments were used to exam the effect of rock fragments in the soil layer on soil erosion processes and the relationships between rainfall infiltration, change of surface flow velocity, surface runoff volume and sediment on one hand, and rock fragment content (Rv, 0% 30%, which was determined according the results of field investigation for rock fragment distribution) on the other were investigated. Thirdly, systematic analysis about the influence of rock fragment cover on purple soil slope erosion process were carried on, under different conditions with two kind of rock fragment positions (resting on soil surface and embedded into top soil layer), varied rock fragment coverage (Rc, 0% 40%), two kind of soils with textural porosity or structural porosity, and three kind of rainfall intensities (I, 1 mm/min, 1.5 mm/min and 2 mm/min). Simulated rainfall experiments in situ plots in the field, combined with simulated rainfall experiments in soil pans indoor, were used. The main conclusions of this dissertation are as following: 1. The spatial distribution characteristics of rock fragments in purple soil slope and its effects on the soil physical properties were clarified basically. 2. The mechanism of influence of rock fragments within top soil layer on soil erosion processes was understood and a threshold of rock fragment content on the infiltration was figured out. 3. The relationships between surface rock fragment cover and hillslope soil erosion in purple soil under different conditions with varied rock fragment positions, soil structures and rainfall intensities were obtained and the soil and water conservation function of surface rock fragment cover on reducing soil loss was affirmed.

Prediction of Fracture Behavior in Rock and Rock-like Materials Using Discrete Element Models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Katsaga, T.; Young, P.

2009-05-01

The study of fracture initiation and propagation in heterogeneous materials such as rock and rock-like materials are of principal interest in the field of rock mechanics and rock engineering. It is crucial to study and investigate failure prediction and safety measures in civil and mining structures. Our work offers a practical approach to predict fracture behaviour using discrete element models. In this approach, the microstructures of materials are presented through the combination of clusters of bonded particles with different inter-cluster particle and bond properties, and intra-cluster bond properties. The geometry of clusters is transferred from information available from thin sections, computed tomography (CT) images and other visual presentation of the modeled material using customized AutoCAD built-in dialog- based Visual Basic Application. Exact microstructures of the tested sample, including fractures, faults, inclusions and void spaces can be duplicated in the discrete element models. Although the microstructural fabrics of rocks and rock-like structures may have different scale, fracture formation and propagation through these materials are alike and will follow similar mechanics. Synthetic material provides an excellent condition for validating the modelling approaches, as fracture behaviours are known with the well-defined composite's properties. Calibration of the macro-properties of matrix material and inclusions (aggregates), were followed with the overall mechanical material responses calibration by adjusting the interfacial properties. The discrete element model predicted similar fracture propagation features and path as that of the real sample material. The path of the fractures and matrix-inclusion interaction was compared using computed tomography images. Initiation and fracture formation in the model and real material were compared using Acoustic Emission data. Analysing the temporal and spatial evolution of AE events, collected during the sample testing, in relation to the CT images allows the precise reconstruction of the failure sequence. Our proposed modelling approach illustrates realistic fracture formation and growth predictions at different loading conditions.

A comprehensive bibliography of linguistic steganography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bergmair, Richard

2007-02-01

In this paper, we will attempt to give a comprehensive bibliographic account of the work in linguistic steganography published up to date. As the field is still in its infancy there is no widely accepted publication venue. Relevant work on the subject is scattered throughout the literature on information security, information hiding, imaging and watermarking, cryptology, and natural language processing. Bibliographic references within the field are very sparse. This makes literature research on linguistic steganography a tedious task and a comprehensive bibliography a valuable aid to the researcher.

Etude Comparative des Systemes de Reperage de l'Information Bibliographique en Mode Dialogue. Rapports de Recherche, No. 13 (Comparative Study of Systems for the Online Retrieval of Bibliographic Information. Research Report No. 13).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perusse, Lyse

This study, which was conducted at the University of Quebec over a period of six months, focuses on four systems for online information retrieval that are available to users at the university and provide access to some of the same databases: BRS (Bibliographic Retrieval Services Inc.), CAN/OLE (Canadian On-Line Inquiry), Lockheed DIALOG, and…

How Documentalists Update SIMBAD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buga, M.; Bot, C.; Brouty, M.; Bruneau, C.; Brunet, C.; Cambresy, L.; Eisele, A.; Genova, F.; Lesteven, S.; Loup, C.; Neuville, M.; Oberto, A.; Ochsenbein, F.; Perret, E.; Siebert, A.; Son, E.; Vannier, P.; Vollmer, B.; Vonflie, P.; Wenger, M.; Woelfel, F.

2015-04-01

The Strasbourg astronomical Data Center (CDS) was created in 1972 and has had a major role in astronomy for more than forty years. CDS develops a service called SIMBAD that provides basic data, cross-identifications, bibliography, and measurements for astronomical objects outside the solar system. It brings to the scientific community an added value to content which is updated daily by a team of documentalists working together in close collaboration with astronomers and IT specialists. We explain how the CDS staff updates SIMBAD with object citations in the main astronomical journals, as well as with astronomical data and measurements. We also explain how the identification is made between the objects found in the literature and those already existing in SIMBAD. We show the steps followed by the documentalist team to update the database using different tools developed at CDS, like the sky visualizer Aladin, and the large catalogues and survey database VizieR. As a direct result of this teamwork, SIMBAD integrates almost 10.000 bibliographic references per year. The service receives more than 400.000 queries per day.

How well is Environmental Biosafety Research supporting the scientific debate on the biosafety of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)?

PubMed

Craig, Wendy; Lewandowski, Remigiusz; Degrassi, Giuliano; Ripandelli, Decio

2007-01-01

One of the most direct routes to informing scientific debates is through the timely publication of relevant research results. By making a comparison of the number and type of articles published by Environmental Biosafety Research (EBR) with those from other journals active in the arena of GMO biosafety, it is possible to shed light on the answer to the question posed in the title. To do this, we have used a unique open access online tool, the Biosafety Bibliographic Database (BBD) that has been provided by ICGEB since 1990. As of June 2007, the BBD contained 6694 records pertaining to scientific publications (full references and abstracts), and appearing in international and national scientific periodicals and books. Based on the records in the BBD, biosafety research activity over the past 16-17 years can be summarized by analyzing basic statistics. The BBD should prove to be a useful starting point for diverse bibliometric studies of publications in this area.

Telemedicine information analysis center.

PubMed

Zajtchuk, Joan T; Zajtchuk, Russ; Petrovic, Joseph J; Gutz, Ryan P; Walrath, Benjamin D

2004-01-01

Congress mandated a pilot project to demonstrate the feasibility of establishing a Department of Defense (DoD) telemedicine information analysis center (TIAC). The project developed a medical information support system to show the core capabilities of a TIAC. The productivity and effectiveness of telemedicine researchers and clinical practitioners can be enhanced by the existence of an information analysis center (IACs) devoted to the collection, analysis, synthesis, and dissemination of worldwide scientific and technical information related to the field of telemedicine. The work conducted under the TIAC pilot project establishes the basic IAC functions and assesses the utility of the TIAC to the military medical departments. The pilot project capabilities are Web-based and include: (1) applying the science of classification (taxonomy) to telemedicine to identify key words; (2) creating a relational database of this taxonomy to a bibliographic database using these key words; (3) developing and disseminating information via a public TIAC Web site; (4) performing a specific baseline technical area task for the U.S. Army Medical Command; and (5) providing analyses by subject matter experts.

Extracting scientific articles from a large digital archive: BioStor and the Biodiversity Heritage Library.

PubMed

Page, Roderic D M

2011-05-23

The Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL) is a large digital archive of legacy biological literature, comprising over 31 million pages scanned from books, monographs, and journals. During the digitisation process basic metadata about the scanned items is recorded, but not article-level metadata. Given that the article is the standard unit of citation, this makes it difficult to locate cited literature in BHL. Adding the ability to easily find articles in BHL would greatly enhance the value of the archive. A service was developed to locate articles in BHL based on matching article metadata to BHL metadata using approximate string matching, regular expressions, and string alignment. This article locating service is exposed as a standard OpenURL resolver on the BioStor web site http://biostor.org/openurl/. This resolver can be used on the web, or called by bibliographic tools that support OpenURL. BioStor provides tools for extracting, annotating, and visualising articles from the Biodiversity Heritage Library. BioStor is available from http://biostor.org/.

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM).

PubMed

Hamosh, A; Scott, A F; Amberger, J; Valle, D; McKusick, V A

2000-01-01

Online Mendelian Inheritance In Man (OMIM) is a public database of bibliographic information about human genes and genetic disorders. Begun by Dr. Victor McKusick as the authoritative reference Mendelian Inheritance in Man, it is now distributed electronically by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Material in OMIM is derived from the biomedical literature and is written by Dr. McKusick and his colleagues at Johns Hopkins University and elsewhere. Each OMIM entry has a full text summary of a genetic phenotype and/or gene and has copious links to other genetic resources such as DNA and protein sequence, PubMed references, mutation databases, approved gene nomenclature, and more. In addition, NCBI's neighboring feature allows users to identify related articles from PubMed selected on the basis of key words in the OMIM entry. Through its many features, OMIM is increasingly becoming a major gateway for clinicians, students, and basic researchers to the ever-growing literature and resources of human genetics. Copyright 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Online literature-retrieval systems: how to get started.

PubMed

Tousignaut, D R

1983-02-01

Basic information describing online literature-retrieval systems is presented; the power of online searching is also discussed. The equipment, expense involved, and training necessary to perform online searching efficiently is described. An individual searcher needs only a computer terminal and a telephone; by telephone, the searcher connects with an online vendor's computer at another location. The four major U.S. vendors (Dialog, Bibliographic Retrieval Services, Systems Development Corporation, and the National Library of Medicine) are compared. A step-by-step procedure of logging in and searching is presented. Using the International Pharmaceutical Abstracts database as an example, 17 access points to locating an article via an online system are compared with only two (the subject and author index entry) of a printed service. By searching online, one can search the published literature on a specific topic in a matter of minutes. An online search is very useful when limited information is available or the search question contains a term that is not in a printed index.

Learning and researching in the classroom

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Playa, E.; Travé, A.

2009-04-01

A new method in the course "Carbonate rocks diagenesis" has been tested. This is an optional course in the year 4 of a four year degree in Geology (University of Barcelona, Spain). The number of students in the course is generally reduced (less than ten), and duration of the course is 3 one-hour lecture and 1 three-hour practical per week during 5 weeks. This course has been selected to test a new learning method because is given in the last year of the undergraduate degree and also because the number of students is low, thus achieving a great degree of motivation of the students and favouring the communication in the classroom. The new model implies a general change in the development of the course: students will be trained in scientific research, working in group and using available analytical techniques. Nevertheless, this method does not invalidate the pre-existing educational resources; both new and classic teaching materials coexist in the course. Traditionally, the course was divided in lectures and practical work. The practical work is done on rock specimens and on thin sections using the petrological microscope, which is essentially invariable every course, and which is related with the theoretical concepts explained in the corresponding lecture. The students describe and interpret the material in a "passive" way, only with minor student-teacher feed-back when specific questions are asked by the student. The real learning in Sciences is not learning of isolate subjects, but to understand the relationships between all these subjects. Therefore, the student must learn science and how to do science. In the new tested method, the students carry out by themselves a scientific research project from a basic material provided by the teacher. This research work, which is done along the 5 weeks course, consists on a single project developed from all the students as a single group, thus observing the evolution in the student's knowledge and opening a continuous feed-back in the student-student and student-teacher relationships. This proposal implies that the lectures and practicals of the course must be reorganized and adapted. The research work is presented during the first day of the course, including a general presentation of the geological setting and the main problem to solve. The research work is developed during the entire course in the classroom, and concluded at the end of the course. In the first part of the research (2-3 weeks), the students will describe a set of samples (hand rocks and thin sections) in order to define the petrographic characteristic (mainly focused in diagenetic processes affecting carbonate rocks and the stages of cementation and its relationships with the fracturation events). The samples are distributed among the students and the description of the samples is individual; students must reach and agreement about the common petrographic features of the rocks and establish a global diagenetic sequence for the studied material. The second part of the research consists on the application of advanced instrumentation and analytical techniques, available in the University of Barcelona, such as cathodoluminescence microscope, microprobe and carbona and oxygen isotope analyses. The obtained results must be processed and comparison with published data by means of bibliographic research should be done by the students out of the classroom. The last part of the research project includes a complete and collective analysis of the results, elaboration of an individual final report (which should take into account the conclusions arrived by the entire group) and an oral presentation of the main results in the classroom. During the development of the work, the teacher acts as a tutor and mediator in the discussions, not only as a transmissor of knowledge. The new proposal differs from the classical undergraduate research projects developed in other courses, which are carried out outside the classroom, and therefore, without the continuous support of the teacher. The degree of satisfaction of the students at the end of the course is great, as evidenced in the opinion polls; students perceive that their individual effort is manifested in a final and global work. Additionally, implantation of this method in the classroom has been revealed as a good system of developing future researchers as several students having done this research method in the course of "Carbonate rocks diagenesis" have continued their scientific career. Acknowledgements The present work was supported by the Grup d'Innovació Docent del Departament de Geoquímica, Petrologia i Prospecció Geològica (University of Barcelona).

Formation of the Archean crust of the ancient Vodlozero domain (Baltic shield)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arestova, N. A.; Chekulaev, V. P.; Lobach-Zhuchenko, S. B.; Kucherovskii, G. A.

2015-03-01

The available geological, petrological, and isotopic data on Archean rocks of the Baltic shield are used to analyze the formation of the crust of the ancient Vodlozero domain. This made it possible to reveal the succession of endogenic processes in different parts of the domain and correlate them between each other. Several stages of magmatic processes reflecting changes in magma-generation environments are definable in the crust formation. The earliest stages of magmatism (3.24 and 3.13-3.15 Ga) are mostly represented by rocks of the tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite association. The next stage of endogenic activity (3020-2900 Ma) was marked by the formation of volcanics of the komatiite-basalt and andesite-dacite associations constituting greenstone belts in marginal parts of the Vodlozero domain and basic dikes accompanied by layered pyroxenite-norite-diorite intrusion in its central part. These basic bodies crossing earlier tonalities were formed in extension settings related to the formation of the mantle plume, which is confirmed by the rock composition. This stage culminated in the formation of trondhjemites at margins of greenstone structure. The next stage of endogenic activity commenced at 2890-2840 Ma by the emplacement of high-magnesian gabbro and diorite dikes in the western margin of the domain, where they cross rocks of the tonalitetrondhjemite association. This stage was marked by the formation of intermediate-acid subvolcanic bodies and dikes as well as basite intrusions including the layered and differentiated Semch intrusion, the largest one in the Vodlozero domain. The stage culminated at approximately 2850 Ma in the emplacement of tonalities of the limited distribution being represented by the Shilos massif in the north of the domain and Shal'skii massif on the eastern shore of Lake Onega. The important stage in the geological history of the Vodlozero domain is the formation of the intracratonic Matkalakhta greenstone belt at approximately 2.8 Ga, which includes arenite quartzite and graywackes and polymictic conglomerates developed in the Lake Oster area in addition to volcanics. These rocks indicate a stable tectonic regime, which resulted in deep erosion of the crust. The emplacement of sanukitoids (2.73-2.74 Ga) as well as subsequent two-feldspar granites (2.68-2.70 Ga) and basite dikes (2.61-2.65 Ga) may be considered as resulting from the plume influence on the relatively stabilized sialic crust of the Baltic shield.

Subsurface Rock Physical Properties by Downhole Loggings - Case Studies of Continental Deep Drilling in Kanto Distinct, Japan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Omura, K.

2014-12-01

In recent years, many examples of physical logging have been carried out in deep boreholes. The loggings are direct in-situ measurements of rock physical properties under the ground. They provide significant basic data for the geological, geophysical and geotechnical investigations, e.g., tectonic history, seismic wave propagation, and ground motion prediction. Since about 1980's, Natl. Res. Inst. for Earth Sci. and Disast. Prev. (NIED) dug deep boreholes (from 200m to 3000m depth) in sedimentary basin of Kanto distinct, Japan, for purposes of installing seismographs and hydrological instruments, and in-situ stress and pore pressure measurements. At that time, downhole physical loggings were conducted in the boreholes: spontaneous potential, electrical resistance, elastic wave velocity, formation density, neutron porosity, total gamma ray, caliper, temperature loggings. In many cases, digital data values were provided every 2m or 1m or 0.1m. In other cases, we read printed graphs of logging plots and got digital data values. Data from about 30 boreholes are compiled. Especially, particular change of logging data at the depth of an interface between a shallow part (soft sedimentary rock) and a base rock (equivalent to hard pre-Neogene rock) is examined. In this presentation, the correlations among physical properties of rock (especially, formation density, elastic wave velocity and electrical resistance) are introduced and the relation to the lithology is discussed. Formation density, elastic wave velocity and electric resistance data indicate the data are divide in two groups that are higher or lower than 2.5g/cm3: the one correspond to a shallow part and the other correspond to a base rock part. In each group, the elastic wave velocity and electric resistance increase with increase of formation density. However the rates of increases in the shallow part are smaller than in the base rock part. The shallow part has lower degree of solidification and higher porosity than that in the base rock part. It appears differences in the degree of solidification and/or porosity are related to differences in the increasing rates. The present data show that the physical logging data are effective information to explore where the base rock is and what properties of the base rock are different from those in the shallow part.

Combined interpretation of radar, hydraulic, and tracer data from a fractured-rock aquifer near Mirror Lake, New Hampshire, USA

USGS Publications Warehouse

Day-Lewis, F. D.; Lane, J.W.; Gorelick, S.M.

2006-01-01

An integrated interpretation of field experimental cross-hole radar, tracer, and hydraulic data demonstrates the value of combining time-lapse geophysical monitoring with conventional hydrologic measurements for improved characterization of a fractured-rock aquifer. Time-lapse difference-attenuation radar tomography was conducted during saline tracer experiments at the US Geological Survey Fractured Rock Hydrology Research Site near Mirror Lake, Grafton County, New Hampshire, USA. The presence of electrically conductive saline tracer effectively illuminates permeable fractures or pathways for geophysical imaging. The geophysical results guide the construction of three-dimensional numerical models of ground-water flow and solute transport. In an effort to explore alternative explanations for the tracer and tomographic data, a suite of conceptual models involving heterogeneous hydraulic conductivity fields and rate-limited mass transfer are considered. Calibration data include tracer concentrations, the arrival time of peak concentration at the outlet, and steady-state hydraulic head. Results from the coupled inversion procedure suggest that much of the tracer mass migrated outside the three tomographic image planes, and that solute is likely transported by two pathways through the system. This work provides basic and site-specific insights into the control of permeability heterogeneity on ground-water flow and solute transport in fractured rock. ?? Springer-Verlag 2004.

NASA Successfully Launches Suborbital Rocket from Wallops with Student Experiments

NASA Image and Video Library

2015-06-25

NASA successfully launched a NASA Terrier-Improved Orion suborbital sounding rocket carrying student experiments with the RockOn/RockSat-C programs at 6 a.m., today More than 200 middle school and university students and instructors participating in Rocket Week at Wallops were on hand to witness the launch. Through RockOn and RockSat-C students are learning and applying skills required to develop experiments for suborbital rocket flight. In addition, middle school educators through the Wallops Rocket Academy for Teachers (WRATS) are learning about applying rocketry basics in their curriculum. The payload flew to an altitude of 71.4 miles and descended by parachute into the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Wallops. Payload recovery is in progress. The next launch from NASA’s Wallops Flight Facility is a Black Brant IX suborbital sounding rocket currently scheduled between 6 and 10 a.m., July 7. For more information on NASA’s Wallops Flight Facility, visit: www.nasa.gov/wallops NASA image use policy. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission. Follow us on Twitter Like us on Facebook Find us on Instagram

Student experimenters successfully launch suborbital rocket from NASA Wallops

NASA Image and Video Library

2015-06-25

NASA successfully launched a NASA Terrier-Improved Orion suborbital sounding rocket carrying student experiments with the RockOn/RockSat-C programs at 6 a.m., today. More than 200 middle school and university students and instructors participating in Rocket Week at Wallops were on hand to witness the launch. Through RockOn and RockSat-C students are learning and applying skills required to develop experiments for suborbital rocket flight. In addition, middle school educators through the Wallops Rocket Academy for Teachers (WRATS) are learning about applying rocketry basics in their curriculum. The payload flew to an altitude of 71.4 miles and descended by parachute into the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Wallops. Payload recovery is in progress. The next launch from NASA’s Wallops Flight Facility is a Black Brant IX suborbital sounding rocket currently scheduled between 6 and 10 a.m., July 7. Credits: NASA Wallops Optics Lab NASA image use policy. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission. Follow us on Twitter Like us on Facebook Find us on Instagram

[Bibliometric study of the journal Nutrición Hospitalaria for the period 2001--2005: Part 2, consumption analysis; the bibliographic references].

PubMed

Castera, V T; Sanz Valero, J; Juan-Quilis, V; Wanden-Berghe, C; Culebras, J M; García de Lorenzo y Mateos, A

2008-01-01

To describe and assess the consumption of the information consulted and cited in the articles published in the journal Nutrición Hospitalaria for the period 2001--2005 by means of bibliometric analysis. Cross-sectional descriptive analysis of the results obtained from the analysis of the lists of bibliographic references of the articles published at Nutrición Hospitalaria. We studied the most cited journals, the signatures index, the type of document referred, the publication language, the distribution of geographical origin, and obsolescence and readiness index. We took into account all types of documents with the exception of Communications to Congresses. 345 articles were published at Nutr Hosp, containing 8,113 bibliographic references, with a median of 18, a maximum of 136 and minimum of 0 BR per article. The mean (rate of publications per published article during the specified period) is 23.52 (95% IC 20.93-26.10) and the mean at 5% is 20.66 per article. The 25th and 75th percentiles are 6 and 32, respectively, the interquartile interval being 26 BR per document. The semi-period of Burton and Kebler is 7 years and the Price Index is 38.18%. The bibliographic references, the consumption of information, of the articles published at Nutrición Hospitalaria present parameters similar to other journals on health science. However, good data on obsolescence are observed, which reveal the good validity of most of the references studied.

Use of olivine and plagioclase saturation surfaces for the petrogenetic modeling of recrystallized basic plutonic systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hanson, G. N.

1983-01-01

During petrogenetic studies of basic plutonic rocks, there are at least three major questions to be considered: (1) what were the relative proportions of cumulate crystals and intercumulus melt in a given sample? (2) what is the composition and variation in composition of the melts within the pluton? and (3) what is the original composition of the liquids, their source and evolution prior to the time of emplacement? Use of both saturation surfaces can place strong limits on the compositions of potential cumulate phases and intercumulus melts. Consideration of appropriate trace elements can indicate whether a sample is an orthocumulate, adcumulate or mesocumulate. Thus, when trace element and petrographic data are considered together with the saturation surfaces, it should be possible to begin to answer the three major questions given above, even for strongly recrystallized basic plutons.

The Polar Rock Repository: Rescuing Polar Collections for New Research

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grunow, A.

2016-12-01

Geological field expeditions in polar regions are logistically difficult, financially expensive and can have a significant environmental impact on pristine regions. The scarcity of outcrop in Antarctica (98% ice-covered) makes previously collected rock samples very valuable to the science community. NSF recognized the need for preserving rock, dredge, and terrestrial core samples from polar areas and created the Polar Rock Repository (PRR). The PRR collection allows for full and open access to both samples and metadata via the PRR website. In addition to the physical samples and their basic metadata, the PRR archives supporting materials from the collector, field notebooks, images of the samples, field maps, air photos, thin sections and any associated bibliography/DOI's. Many of these supporting materials are unique. More than 40,000 samples are available from the PRR for scientific analysis to researchers around the globe. Most of the samples cataloged at the PRR were collected more than 30 years ago, some more than 100 years ago. The rock samples and metadata are made available online through an advanced search engine for the PRR website. This allows scientists to "drill down" into search results using categories and look-up object fields similar to websites like Amazon. Results can be viewed in a table, downloaded as a spreadsheet, or plotted on an interactive map that supports display of satellite imagery and bathymetry layers. Samples can be requested by placing them in the `shopping cart'. These old sample collections have been repeatedly used by scientists from around the world. One data request involved locating coal deposits in Antarctica for a global compilation and another for looking at the redox state of batholithic rocks from the Antarctic Peninsula using magnetic susceptibilities of PRR rocks. Sample usage has also included non-traditional geologic studies, such as a search for monopoles in Cenozoic volcanic samples, and remote sensing/spectral imaging of Transantarctic Mountains rocks. Rescuing these collections from universities that no longer want to store the rocks or from researchers who no longer need the samples has resulted in many new publications, new proposals and enormous cost and environmental savings to the U.S. Antarctic science program.

Resolving Orbital and Climate Keys of Earth and Extraterrestrial Environments with Dynamics (ROCKE-3D) 1.0: A General Circulation Model for Simulating the Climates of Rocky Planets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Way, M. J.; Aleinov, I.; Amundsen, David S.; Chandler, M. A.; Clune, T. L.; Del Genio, A. D.; Fujii, Y.; Kelley, M.; Kiang, N. Y.; Sohl, L.; Tsigaridis, K.

2017-07-01

Resolving Orbital and Climate Keys of Earth and Extraterrestrial Environments with Dynamics (ROCKE-3D) is a three-dimensional General Circulation Model (GCM) developed at the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies for the modeling of atmospheres of solar system and exoplanetary terrestrial planets. Its parent model, known as ModelE2, is used to simulate modern Earth and near-term paleo-Earth climates. ROCKE-3D is an ongoing effort to expand the capabilities of ModelE2 to handle a broader range of atmospheric conditions, including higher and lower atmospheric pressures, more diverse chemistries and compositions, larger and smaller planet radii and gravity, different rotation rates (from slower to more rapid than modern Earth’s, including synchronous rotation), diverse ocean and land distributions and topographies, and potential basic biosphere functions. The first aim of ROCKE-3D is to model planetary atmospheres on terrestrial worlds within the solar system such as paleo-Earth, modern and paleo-Mars, paleo-Venus, and Saturn’s moon Titan. By validating the model for a broad range of temperatures, pressures, and atmospheric constituents, we can then further expand its capabilities to those exoplanetary rocky worlds that have been discovered in the past, as well as those to be discovered in the future. We also discuss the current and near-future capabilities of ROCKE-3D as a community model for studying planetary and exoplanetary atmospheres.

Basis for paleoenvironmental interpretation of magnetic properties of sediment from Upper Klamath Lake (Oregon): Effects of weathering and mineralogical sorting

USGS Publications Warehouse

Rosenbaum, J.G.; Reynolds, R.L.

2004-01-01

Studies of magnetic properties enable reconstruction of environmental conditions that affected magnetic minerals incorporated in sediments from Upper Klamath Lake. Analyses of stream sediment samples from throughout the catchment of Upper Klamath Lake show that alteration of Fe-oxide minerals during subaerial chemical weathering of basic volcanic rocks has significantly changed magnetic properties of surficial deposits. Titanomagnetite, which is abundant both as phenocrysts and as microcrystals in fresh volcanic rocks, is progressively destroyed during weathering. Because fine-grained magnetite is readily altered due to large surface-to-volume ratios, weathering causes an increase in average magnetic grain size as well as reduction in the quantity of titanomagnetite both absolutely and relative to hematite. Hydrodynamic mineralogical sorting also produces differences in magnetic properties among rock and mineral grains of differing sizes. Importantly, removal of coarse silicate and Fe-oxide grains by sorting concentrated extremely fine-grained magnetite in the resulting sediment. The effects of weathering and sorting of minerals cannot be completely separated. These processes combine to produce the magnetic properties of a non-glacial lithic component of Upper Klamath Lake sediments, which is characterized by relatively low magnetite content and coarse magnetic grain size. Hydrodynamic sorting alone causes significant differences between the magnetic properties of glacial flour in lake sediments and of fresh volcanic rocks in the catchment. In comparison to source volcanic rocks, glacial flour in the lake sediment is highly enriched in extremely fine-grained magnetite.

Resolving Orbital and Climate Keys of Earth and Extraterrestrial Environments with Dynamics (ROCKE-3D) 1.0: A General Circulation Model for Simulating the Climates of Rocky Planets

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Way, M. J.; Aleinov, I.; Amundsen, David S.; Chandler, M. A.; Clune, T. L.; Del Genio, A.; Fujii, Y.; Kelley, M.; Kiang, N. Y.; Sohl, L.;

New software for 3D fracture network analysis and visualization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Song, J.; Noh, Y.; Choi, Y.; Um, J.; Hwang, S.

2013-12-01

This study presents new software to perform analysis and visualization of the fracture network system in 3D. The developed software modules for the analysis and visualization, such as BOUNDARY, DISK3D, FNTWK3D, CSECT and BDM, have been developed using Microsoft Visual Basic.NET and Visualization TookKit (VTK) open-source library. Two case studies revealed that each module plays a role in construction of analysis domain, visualization of fracture geometry in 3D, calculation of equivalent pipes, production of cross-section map and management of borehole data, respectively. The developed software for analysis and visualization of the 3D fractured rock mass can be used to tackle the geomechanical problems related to strength, deformability and hydraulic behaviors of the fractured rock masses.

Analysis characteristics determination of electrohydraulic control system operation to reduce the operation time of a powered roof support

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Szurgacz, Dawid

2018-01-01

The article discusses basic functions of a powered roof support in a longwall unit. The support function is to provide safety by protecting mine workings against uncontrolled falling of rocks. The subject of the research includes the measures to shorten the time of roof support shifting. The roof support is adapted to transfer, in hazard conditions of rock mass tremors, dynamic loads caused by mining exploitation. The article presents preliminary research results on the time reduction of the unit advance to increase the extraction process and thus reduce operating costs. Conducted stand tests showed the ability to increase the flow for 3/2-way valve cartridges. The level of fluid flowing through the cartridges is adequate to control individual actuators.

Dynamic Stability of the Rate, State, Temperature, and Pore Pressure Friction Model at a Rock Interface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sinha, Nitish; Singh, Arun K.; Singh, Trilok N.

2018-05-01

In this article, we study numerically the dynamic stability of the rate, state, temperature, and pore pressure friction (RSTPF) model at a rock interface using standard spring-mass sliding system. This particular friction model is a basically modified form of the previously studied friction model namely the rate, state, and temperature friction (RSTF). The RSTPF takes into account the role of thermal pressurization including dilatancy and permeability of the pore fluid due to shear heating at the slip interface. The linear stability analysis shows that the critical stiffness, at which the sliding becomes stable to unstable or vice versa, increases with the coefficient of thermal pressurization. Critical stiffness, on the other hand, remains constant for small values of either dilatancy factor or hydraulic diffusivity, but the same decreases as their values are increased further from dilatancy factor (˜ 10^{ - 4} ) and hydraulic diffusivity (˜ 10^{ - 9} {m}2 {s}^{ - 1} ) . Moreover, steady-state friction is independent of the coefficient of thermal pressurization, hydraulic diffusivity, and dilatancy factor. The proposed model is also used for predicting time of failure of a creeping interface of a rock slope under the constant gravitational force. It is observed that time of failure decreases with increase in coefficient of thermal pressurization and hydraulic diffusivity, but the dilatancy factor delays the failure of the rock fault under the condition of heat accumulation at the creeping interface. Moreover, stiffness of the rock-mass also stabilizes the failure process of the interface as the strain energy due to the gravitational force accumulates in the rock-mass before it transfers to the sliding interface. Practical implications of the present study are also discussed.

A framework to explore the knowledge structure of multidisciplinary research fields.

PubMed

Uddin, Shahadat; Khan, Arif; Baur, Louise A

2015-01-01

Understanding emerging areas of a multidisciplinary research field is crucial for researchers, policymakers and other stakeholders. For them a knowledge structure based on longitudinal bibliographic data can be an effective instrument. But with the vast amount of available online information it is often hard to understand the knowledge structure for data. In this paper, we present a novel approach for retrieving online bibliographic data and propose a framework for exploring knowledge structure. We also present several longitudinal analyses to interpret and visualize the last 20 years of published obesity research data.

Biologically mediated isotope fractionations - Biochemistry, geochemical significance and preservation in the earth's oldest sediments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schidlowski, M.

1983-01-01

Preferential metabolization of isotopically light carbon and sulfur has resulted in a fractionation of the stable isotopes of these elements on a global scale, with the light species (C-12, S-32) markedly concentrated in biogenic materials. Since the biological effects are basically retained when carbon and sulfur are incorporated in sediments, the respective fractionations are propagated into the rock section of the geochemical cycle, this having consequently caused a characteristic bipartition of both elements between 'light' and 'heavy' crustal reservoirs. Preservation of the biological isotope effects in sedimentary rocks makes it possible to trace the underlying biochemical processes back over most of the geological record. According to the available evidence, biological (autotrophic) carbon fixation arose prior to 3.5(if not 3.8) billion years ago, while the emergence of dissimilatory sulfate reduction antedates the appearance of the oldest presumably bacteriogenic sulfur isotope patterns in rocks between 2.7 and 2.8 billion years old. Hence, biological control of the terrestrial carbon and sulfur cycles has been established very early in the earth's history.

Sm-Nd isotopic data from Archean metavolcanic rocks at Holenarsipur, South India

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Drury, S.A.; Van Calsteren, P.C.; Reeves-Smith, G.J.

1987-11-01

Results of a Sm-Nd isotopic analysis of Archean metavolcanics in the Holenarsipur greenstone belt, Karnataka, South India, give a whole-rock isochron age of 2.62 Ga for lightly deformed metabasaltic amphibolites in the northern part of the belt. This is within error of the age of high-grade metamorphism and crustal thickening which affected areas further to the south during the late Archean. Together with the geochemical affinities of these and other metavolcanics in Karnataka, and results of regional structural analysis, this unexpected age supports a model relating volcanism and crustal thickening to northward subduction and crustal accretion during the late Archean.more » Data from basic and ultrabasic metavolcanics from the more strongly deformed and higher-grade southern arm of the Holenarsipur belt do not permit an age greater than 3.0 Ga. Previously, these rocks were regarded as part of an older supracrustal sequence that predated the local 3.0 to 3.3 Ga gneissic complex. The new dates therefore considerably simplify attempts at accounting for greenstone evolution in South India.« less

Impact of rock mass temperature on potential power and electricity generation in the ORC installation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kaczmarczyk, Michał

2017-11-01

The basic source of information for determining the temperature distribution in the rock mass and thus the potential for thermal energy contained in geothermal water conversion to electricity, are: temperature measurements in stable geothermic conditions, temperature measurements in unstable conditions, measurements of maximum temperatures at the bottom of the well. Incorrect temperature estimation can lead to errors during thermodynamic parameters calculation and consequently economic viability of the project. The analysis was performed for the geothermal water temperature range of 86-100°C, for dry working fluid R245fa. As a result of the calculations, the data indicate an increase in geothermal power as the geothermal water temperature increases. At 86°C, the potential power is 817.48 kW, increases to 912.20 kW at 88°C and consequently to 1 493.34 kW at 100°C. These results are not surprising, but show a scale of error in assessing the potential that can result improper interpretation of the rock mass and geothermal waters temperature.

a New Improved Threshold Segmentation Method for Scanning Images of Reservoir Rocks Considering Pore Fractal Characteristics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lin, Wei; Li, Xizhe; Yang, Zhengming; Lin, Lijun; Xiong, Shengchun; Wang, Zhiyuan; Wang, Xiangyang; Xiao, Qianhua

Based on the basic principle of the porosity method in image segmentation, considering the relationship between the porosity of the rocks and the fractal characteristics of the pore structures, a new improved image segmentation method was proposed, which uses the calculated porosity of the core images as a constraint to obtain the best threshold. The results of comparative analysis show that the porosity method can best segment images theoretically, but the actual segmentation effect is deviated from the real situation. Due to the existence of heterogeneity and isolated pores of cores, the porosity method that takes the experimental porosity of the whole core as the criterion cannot achieve the desired segmentation effect. On the contrary, the new improved method overcomes the shortcomings of the porosity method, and makes a more reasonable binary segmentation for the core grayscale images, which segments images based on the actual porosity of each image by calculated. Moreover, the image segmentation method based on the calculated porosity rather than the measured porosity also greatly saves manpower and material resources, especially for tight rocks.

A New Rock Strength Criterion from Microcracking Mechanisms Which Provides Theoretical Evidence of Hybrid Failure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhu, Qi-Zhi

2017-02-01

A proper criterion describing when material fails is essential for deep understanding and constitutive modeling of rock damage and failure by microcracking. Physically, such a criterion should be the global effect of local mechanical response and microstructure evolution inside the material. This paper aims at deriving a new mechanisms-based failure criterion for brittle rocks, based on micromechanical unilateral damage-friction coupling analyses rather than on the basic results from the classical linear elastic fracture mechanics. The failure functions respectively describing three failure modes (purely tensile mode, tensile-shear mode as well as compressive-shear mode) are achieved in a unified upscaling framework and illustrated in the Mohr plane and also in the plane of principal stresses. The strength envelope is proved to be continuous and smooth with a compressive to tensile strength ratio dependent on material properties. Comparisons with experimental data are finally carried out. By this work, we also provide a theoretical evidence on the hybrid failure and the smooth transition from tensile failure to compressive-shear failure.

Relationships between data from Rock-Eval pyrolysis and proximate, ultimate, petrographic, and physical analyses of 142 diverse U.S. coal samples

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bostick, N.H.; Daws, T.A.

1994-01-01

Basic research on coal and oil shale led to automated pyrolysis analysis of petroleum source rocks; most widely used is the Rock-Eval equipment. In order to interpret Rock-Eval analyses in relation to traditional coal data, we analyzed 142 commercial coals with diverse rank, age, maceral and sulfur contents, for most regions of the United States. We compared the Rock-Eval data with traditional industrial coal data, including volatile matter, calorific value, hydrogen and oxygen content, free swelling index, and vitrinite reflectance. We found: (1) there is a close relationship between Tmax and vitrinite reflectance in the ranges 420-590??C Tmax and 0.4-3%Romax of most coals. (2) A close relationship between Tmax and volatile matter (%VM) extends through the entire sample range, including low-rank samples with 35-70% VM, a range where %VM is not considered to be a useful rank parameter. (3) TOC of medium- and high-rank coals is seriously under-measured by Rock-Eval; TOC of low-rank coals (less than 0.8%Romax) is close to "dry basis" carbon from ultimate analysis. (4) The direct relationships between oxygen index (OI) and %O and between hydrogen index (HI) and %H are clear, though only broadly defined. However, there is virtually no band of concentrated data points on the HI versus OI pseudo-Van Krevelen diagram comparable to the "development line" on the H/C versus O/C diagram. (5) There are systematic relationships between Rock-Eval and industrial coal parameters such as calorific value and FSI, but much standardization would be needed before Rock-Eval could find a place in the coal industry. Tests with blends of coal and quartz sand and with various loads of coal alone showed that the amount of organic matter in the Rock-Eval load greatly influences results. Total load in the crucible, if largely inert, plays a small role, however. Increasing absolute or relative coal content causes under-evaluation of Rock-Eval TOC and over-rating of hydrogen. Blends of several coals yielded hydrogen and oxygen indexes related proportionally to the properties of the individual coals, but Tmax is not raised by addition of high-rank coal until over 40% is added. ?? 1994.

Resource Allocation and Budgeting for the 1972-73 Mini-Schools of the Alum Rock Voucher Demonstration. Analysis of the Education Voucher Demonstration. A Working Note.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haggart, S. A.; Furry, W. S.

This Working Note documents the first year's events and outcomes in developing the budgeting system and resource allocation rules to support the Education Voucher Demonstration. The district now has systems for per pupil resource allocation and school/minischool cost center accounting. The basic voucher of $1,041 for grades 7-8, and $788 for…

Tumorigenicity of fine man-made fibers after intratracheal administrations to hamsters.

PubMed

Adachi, S; Takemoto, K; Kimura, K

1991-02-01

Six types of man-made fibers were administered intratracheally (2.0 mg/animal each a week, for 5 weeks; total 10 mg/animal) to female Syrian hamsters that were observed histologically for 2 years after administration. The fibers were rock wool [average diameter (D) = 6.1 microns, average length (L) = 296 microns], fiberglass (D = 0.65 microns, L = 16.8 microns), potassium titanate fiber (D = 0.36 microns, L = 7.17 microns), calcium sulfate fiber (D = 1.0 microns, L = 17.8 microns), basic magnesium sulfate fiber (D = 0.45 microns, L = 22.4 microns), and metaphosphate fiber (D = 2.38 microns, L = 64.1 microns). Tumors were observed in hamsters that had received basic magnesium sulfate fiber (9/20), metaphosphate fiber (6/20), calcium sulfate fiber (3/20), and fiberglass (2/20) but not in the control, rock wool, or potassium titanate fiber groups. The primary sites of the tumors were not only in the pleural cavity but also in the intracelial organs, kidney, adrenal gland, bladder, and uterus. Only a few of the tumors were identified as mesotheliomas by histological examination. In addition to neoplastic lesions, fibrosis, pleural thickening, and chronic inflammatory changes in the lungs were observed in the hamsters, but these changes appeared too mild to foster a pneumoconiosis such as asbestosis.

3-D study of texture and elastic anisotropy on rocks from NW Italy Ivrea zone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pros, Z.; Lokajicek, T.; Prikryl, R.; Klima, K.; Nikitin, A. N.; Ivankina, T. I.; Martinkova, M.

2003-04-01

The direct measurement of physical properties of lower crustal and upper mantle rocks, which can be found on the Earth's surface, could be used for the improving of our knowledge of deep rocks. These results could be used mainly for the correction of geological and geophysical models based on the indirect data. Elastic properties of rocks are one of the most important parameters studied and could be applied in many fields of Earth sciences. In this study several quite different methods were applied to determine elastic properties. P-wave ultrasonic sounding of mafic and ultrabasic rock samples in 132 independent directions at several levels of confining pressure enable to determine elastic anisotropy of P-wave velocity. The samples were collected in nearby of Balmuccia ultra basic massif (Ivrea zone, southern Alps, NW Italy). This method revealed large directional variance of maximum P-wave velocity and different symmetric (orthorhombic vs. transversal isotropic) of elastic waves 3-D distribution, that has not been found on these rocks before. Identical samples were studied by means of neutron diffraction. Neutron diffraction provide data on CPO orientation in identical spherical samples, on which was measured P-wave velocity. Laboratory 3-D measurement of P-wave velocity thus present powerful method for detection of magmatic fabric features not visible by naked eye. One dunite sample exhibits P-wave velocity approaching to that of olivine crystal 9.8 km/s due to the strong CPO of olivine in this sample. Such observation was not done before on the natural olivine-rich rocks. It follows from the comparison of measured and calculated P-wave velocities, that these values are more reliable than data obtained from measurement in few directions only. This project was supported by Grant Agency of the Czech Republic No.: 205/01/1430.

Intraplate 'typical' and Ca-rich igneous rocks associated with carbonatites in Baluchistan, Middle East

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Romanko, Alexander

2010-05-01

Islamic republic of Iran We present some interesting materials on a poorly studied Neogene-(Quaternary) igneous rocks of Baluchistan and Sistan province, east Iran. They were received by a group led by a regional specialists E. Romanko, A. Hushmanzadeh and M.A.A. Nogol Sadat. Some important features on the rock studied are as follows: mainly K-Na subalkaline rock affinity (also alkaline one too) with a middle K), not very High-Ti, not high, deep 87Sr/86Sr (ISr) = 0.7039 +/- 2 (trachyandesite) and 0.7049 +/- 3 (trachybasalt, both data by GIN RAS, Russia) alongside the 0.7049 on a vulcanite (Camp & Griffis, 1982), LREE-enrichment with a high LREE/HREE (La - more than 32 ppm), and a characteristical Eu/Eu* more than 1.1; up to high - 1/3 of CaO and up to a high - 0.45% of Sr in basic trachyandesites (meaning the real carbonatites ca 200 km to the east, Hanneshin, Afghanistan), complex correlation of some characteristical elements; then-High-Ti (rhutile, Ti-hornblende) and High-Ca phases (clinocoizite, also, Ca- rich ceolie - vayrakite is proposed), replacement of primary minerals due to a fairly strong rock-fluid interaction. North-East tectonic-magmatic +/- metallogenic (economic regional Cu-Au +/- Pb, Zn, poor Ag, PGE, As, Hg, Bi etc. - e.x., Anarak deposits (E.Romanko, 1984) ) zonation, related to the famous subduction of Arabian plate, exists, e.x. (calc-alkaline /1/ - intraplate /2/ ): 1: Eocene shoshonites - Paleocene-Oligocene calc-alkaline intrusives - Miocene-Recent calc-alkaline volcanic (-plutonic) rocks and 2: Paleogene? (Lut block)-Neogene subalkaline rocks - Quaternary Afghanistan carbonatites etc. Alpine compression on the moderate subductional depths up to 200 km (Trubitsin et al., 2004) in the Central Iran, at least, partly compensated, as proposed, by contemporaneous/ younger Pg?-N-Q extensional intraplate magmatism of the East Iran/ Afghanistan and nearby area.

Ground thermal and geomechanical conditions in a permafrost-affected high-latitude rock avalanche site (Polvartinden, northern Norway)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frauenfelder, Regula; Isaksen, Ketil; Lato, Matthew J.; Noetzli, Jeannette

2018-04-01

On 26 June 2008, a rock avalanche detached in the northeast facing slope of Polvartinden, a high-alpine mountain in Signaldalen, northern Norway. Here, we report on the observed and modelled past and present near-surface temperature regime close to the failure zone, as well as on a subsequent simulation of the subsurface temperature regime, and on initial geomechanical mapping based on laser scanning. The volume of the rock avalanche was estimated to be approximately 500 000 m3. The depth to the actual failure surface was found to range from 40 m at the back of the failure zone to 0 m at its toe. Visible in situ ice was observed in the failure zone just after the rock avalanche. Between September 2009 and August 2013, ground surface temperatures were measured with miniature temperature data loggers at 14 different localities, close to the original failure zone along the northern ridge of Polvartinden and on the valley floor. The results from these measurements and from a basic three-dimensional heat conduction model suggest that the lower altitudinal limit of permafrost at present is at 600-650 m a.s.l., which corresponds to the upper limit of the failure zone. A coupling of our in situ data with regional climate data since 1958 suggests a general gradual warming and that the period with highest mean near surface temperatures on record ended four months before the Signaldalen rock avalanche detached. A comparison with a transient permafrost model run at 10 m depth, representative for areas where snow accumulates, strengthen these findings, which are also in congruence with measurements in nearby permafrost boreholes. It is likely that permafrost in and near the failure zone is presently subject to degradation. This degradation, in combination with the extreme warm year antecedent to the rock failure, is seen to have played an important role in the detaching of the Signaldalen rock avalanche.

Lithotype characterizations by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): A case study on limestone and associated rocks from the eastern Dahomey Basin, Nigeria

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Olatinsu, O. B.; Olorode, D. O.; Clennell, B.; Esteban, L.; Josh, M.

2017-05-01

Three representative rock types (limestone, sandstone, and shale) and glauconite samples collected from Ewekoro Quarry, eastern Dahomey Basin in Nigeria were characterized using low field 2 MHz and 20 MHz Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) techniques. NMR T2 relaxation time decay measurement was conducted on disc samples under partial water-saturation and full water-saturation conditions using CPMG spin-echo routine. The T2 relaxation decay was converted into T2 distribution in the time domain to assess and evaluate the pore size distribution of the samples. Good agreement exists between water content from T2 NMR distributions and water imbibition porosity (WIP) technique. Results show that the most useful characteristics to discriminate the different facies come from full saturation NMR 2 MHz pore size distribution (PSD). Shale facies depict a quasi-unimodal distribution with greater than 90% contribution from clay bound water component (T2s) coupled to capillary bound water component (T2i) centred on 2 ms. The other facies with well connected pore structure show either bimodal or trimodal T2 distribution composed of the similar clay bound water component centred on 0.3 ms and quasi-capillary bound water component centred on 10 ms. But their difference depends on the movable water T2 component (T2l) that does not exist in the glauconite facies (bimodal distribution) while it exists in both the sandstone and limestone facies. The basic difference between the limestone and sandstone facies is related to the longer T2 coupling: T2i and T2l populations are coupled in sandstone generating a single population which convolves both populations (bimodal distribution). Limestone with a trimodal distribution attests to the fact that carbonate rocks have more complex pore system than siliclastic rocks. The degree of pore connectivity is highest in sandstone, followed by limestone and least in glauconite. Therefore a basic/quick NMR log run on samples along a geological formation can provide precise lithofacies characterization with quantitative information on pore size, structure and distributions.

Metaultramafic schists and dismembered ophiolites of the Ashe Metamorphic Suite of northwestern North Carolina, USA

USGS Publications Warehouse

Raymond, Loren A.; Merschat, Arthur J.; Vance, R. Kelly

2016-01-01

Metaultramafic rocks (MUR) in the Ashe Metamorphic Suite (AMS) of northwestern North Carolina include quartz ± feldspar-bearing QF-amphibolites and quartz-deficient, locally talc-, chlorite-, and/or Mg-amphibole-bearing TC-amphibolites. Some workers divide TC-amphibolites into Todd and Edmonds types, based on mineral and geochemical differences, and we provisionally add a third type – olivine ± pyroxene-rich, Rich Mountain-type rocks. Regionally, MUR bodies range from equant, Rich Mountain- to highly elongate, Todd-TC-amphibolite-type bodies. The MURs exhibit three to five mineral associations containing assemblages with olivine, anthophyllitic amphibole, Mg-hornblende, Mg-actinolite, cummingtonite, and serpentine representing decreasing eclogite to greenschist facies grades of metamorphism over time. MUR protoliths are difficult to determine. Southwestern MUR bodies have remnant olivine ± pyroxene-rich assemblages representing ultrabasic-basic, dunite-peridotite-pyroxenite protoliths. Northeastern TC-amphibolite MURs contain hornblende and actinolitic amphiboles plus chlorites – aluminous and calcic assemblages suggesting to some that metasomatism of basic, QF-amphibolites yields all TC-amphibolites. Yet MgO-CaO-Al2O3 and trace element chemistries of many TC-amphibolites resemble compositions of plagioclase peridotites. We show that a few AMS TC-amphibolites had basaltic/gabbroic protoliths, while presenting arguments opposing application of the metasomatic hypothesis to all TC-amphibolites. We establish that MUR bodies are petrologically heterolithic and that TC-amphibolites are in contact with many rock types; that those with high Cr, Ni, and Mg have olivine- or pyroxene-dominated protoliths; that most exhibit three or more metamorphic mineral associations; and that contacts thought to be metasomatic are structural. Clearly, different MUR bodies have different chemistries representing various protoliths, and have different mineral assemblages, reflecting both chemical composition and metamorphic history. Spot sampling of heterolithic MUR bodies does not reveal MUR body character or history or allow ‘type’ designations. We recommend that the subdivision of MUR bodies into ‘types’ be abandoned and that the metasomatic hypothesis be carefully applied. AMS MURs and associated metamafic rocks likely represent fragments of dismembered ophiolites from various ophiolite types.

Supplementary search methods were more effective and offered better value than bibliographic database searching: A case study from public health and environmental enhancement.

PubMed

Cooper, Chris; Lovell, Rebecca; Husk, Kerryn; Booth, Andrew; Garside, Ruth

2018-06-01

We undertook a systematic review to evaluate the health benefits of environmental enhancement and conservation activities. We were concerned that a conventional process of study identification, focusing on exhaustive searches of bibliographic databases as the primary search method, would be ineffective, offering limited value. The focus of this study is comparing study identification methods. We compare (1) an approach led by searches of bibliographic databases with (2) an approach led by supplementary search methods. We retrospectively assessed the effectiveness and value of both approaches. Effectiveness was determined by comparing (1) the total number of studies identified and screened and (2) the number of includable studies uniquely identified by each approach. Value was determined by comparing included study quality and by using qualitative sensitivity analysis to explore the contribution of studies to the synthesis. The bibliographic databases approach identified 21 409 studies to screen and 2 included qualitative studies were uniquely identified. Study quality was moderate, and contribution to the synthesis was minimal. The supplementary search approach identified 453 studies to screen and 9 included studies were uniquely identified. Four quantitative studies were poor quality but made a substantive contribution to the synthesis; 5 studies were qualitative: 3 studies were good quality, one was moderate quality, and 1 study was excluded from the synthesis due to poor quality. All 4 included qualitative studies made significant contributions to the synthesis. This case study found value in aligning primary methods of study identification to maximise location of relevant evidence. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Networking of Bibliographical Information: Lessons learned for the Virtual Observatory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Genova, Françoise; Egret, Daniel

Networking of bibliographic information is particularly remarkable in astronomy. On-line journals, the ADS bibliographic database, SIMBAD and NED are everyday tools for research, and provide easy navigation from one resource to another. Tables are published on line, in close collaboration with data centers. Recent new developments include the links between observatory archives and the ADS, as well as the large scale prototyping of object links between Astronomy and Astrophysics and SIMBAD, following those implemented a few years ago with New Astronomy and the International Bulletin of Variable stars . This networking has been made possible by close collaboration between the ADS, data centers such as the CDS and NED, and the journals, and this partnership being now extended to observatory archives. Simple, de facto exchange standards, like the bibcode to refer to a published paper, have been the key for building links and exchanging data. This partnership, in which practitioners from different disciplines agree to link their resources and to work together to define useful and usable standards, has produced a revolution in scientists' practice. It is an excellent model for the Virtual Observatory projects.

Medical Libraries of the Soviet Union *

PubMed Central

Morozov, A.

1964-01-01

Medical libraries are a part of the Soviet library system. The total number of medical libraries in the country is more than 4,000, with a collection of over 42,000,000 volumes that are used by over a million readers. The State Central Medical Library occupies a special place among these libraries. It carries out the functions of a methodological, bibliographic, and coordinating center. It has a collection of over 1,000,000 units of books and periodicals. All the bibliographic work of medical libraries as well as any other work is provided to help medical institutions. Libraries prepare special bibliographies of medical literature for publication according to a plan. The libraries also conduct reference and information work. The methodological work helps to solve the most important problems that arise in libraries with reference to the specific character of their work and tasks. The chief means of rendering methodological guidance are to analyze the work of various libraries, to hold conferences, to exchange visits with libraries, to give both field and correspondence consultations, and to organize qualification courses for librarians and bibliographers. PMID:14119299

Network-based statistical comparison of citation topology of bibliographic databases

PubMed Central

Šubelj, Lovro; Fiala, Dalibor; Bajec, Marko

2014-01-01

Modern bibliographic databases provide the basis for scientific research and its evaluation. While their content and structure differ substantially, there exist only informal notions on their reliability. Here we compare the topological consistency of citation networks extracted from six popular bibliographic databases including Web of Science, CiteSeer and arXiv.org. The networks are assessed through a rich set of local and global graph statistics. We first reveal statistically significant inconsistencies between some of the databases with respect to individual statistics. For example, the introduced field bow-tie decomposition of DBLP Computer Science Bibliography substantially differs from the rest due to the coverage of the database, while the citation information within arXiv.org is the most exhaustive. Finally, we compare the databases over multiple graph statistics using the critical difference diagram. The citation topology of DBLP Computer Science Bibliography is the least consistent with the rest, while, not surprisingly, Web of Science is significantly more reliable from the perspective of consistency. This work can serve either as a reference for scholars in bibliometrics and scientometrics or a scientific evaluation guideline for governments and research agencies. PMID:25263231

The US National Library of Medicine in the 21st century: expanding collections, nontraditional formats, new audiences.

PubMed

Lacroix, Eve-Marie; Mehnert, Robert

2002-09-01

From the early 1960s, the US National Library of Medicine (NLM) has been a leader in applying computer technology to accomplish traditional bibliographic and reference functions. medline, in the early 1970s, was the first large-scale online medical bibliographic reference system. That role has been altered by today's Web environment, which has increased the number and extent of NLM services and the audience for them. The NLM has formally declared that it will seek to serve the general public after over a century of serving the library and medical communities exclusively. In the last several years, many new services have been introduced to fulfil this mandate, including medlineplus and ClinicalTrials.gov. Also a part of the NLM's vision for the 21st century is the need to ensure that the proliferating forms of electronic health information-bibliographic, full text, graphic, audiovisual-are captured and preserved for posterity. A national library such as the NLM has as much an archival responsibility for this electronic information as for centuries-old printed and manuscript historical treasures.

Specialist Bibliographic Databases

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

Specialist bibliographic databases offer essential online tools for researchers and authors who work on specific subjects and perform comprehensive and systematic syntheses of evidence. This article presents examples of the established specialist databases, which may be of interest to those engaged in multidisciplinary science communication. Access to most specialist databases is through subscription schemes and membership in professional associations. Several aggregators of information and database vendors, such as EBSCOhost and ProQuest, facilitate advanced searches supported by specialist keyword thesauri. Searches of items through specialist databases are complementary to those through multidisciplinary research platforms, such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Familiarizing with the functional characteristics of biomedical and nonbiomedical bibliographic search tools is mandatory for researchers, authors, editors, and publishers. The database users are offered updates of the indexed journal lists, abstracts, author profiles, and links to other metadata. Editors and publishers may find particularly useful source selection criteria and apply for coverage of their peer-reviewed journals and grey literature sources. These criteria are aimed at accepting relevant sources with established editorial policies and quality controls. PMID:27134485

NALNET book system: Cost benefit study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dewath, N. V.; Palmour, V. E.; Foley, J. R.; Henderson, M. M.; Shockley, C. W.

1981-01-01

The goals of the NASA's library network system, NALNET, the functions of the current book system, the products and services of a book system required by NASA Center libraries, and the characteristics of a system that would best supply those products and services were assessed. Emphasis was placed on determining the most cost effective means of meeting NASA's requirements for an automated book system. Various operating modes were examined including the current STIMS file, the PUBFILE, developing software improvements for products as appropriate to the Center needs, and obtaining cataloging and products from the bibliographic utilities including at least OCLC, RLIN, BNA, and STIF. It is recommended that NALNET operate under the STIMS file mode and obtain cataloging and products from the bibliographic utilities. The recommendations are based on the premise that given the current state of the art in library automation it is not cost effective for NASA to maintain a full range of cataloging services on its own system. The bibliographic utilities can support higher quality systems with a greater range of services at a lower total cost.

Specialist Bibliographic Databases.

PubMed

Gasparyan, Armen Yuri; Yessirkepov, Marlen; Voronov, Alexander A; Trukhachev, Vladimir I; Kostyukova, Elena I; Gerasimov, Alexey N; Kitas, George D

2016-05-01

Specialist bibliographic databases offer essential online tools for researchers and authors who work on specific subjects and perform comprehensive and systematic syntheses of evidence. This article presents examples of the established specialist databases, which may be of interest to those engaged in multidisciplinary science communication. Access to most specialist databases is through subscription schemes and membership in professional associations. Several aggregators of information and database vendors, such as EBSCOhost and ProQuest, facilitate advanced searches supported by specialist keyword thesauri. Searches of items through specialist databases are complementary to those through multidisciplinary research platforms, such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Familiarizing with the functional characteristics of biomedical and nonbiomedical bibliographic search tools is mandatory for researchers, authors, editors, and publishers. The database users are offered updates of the indexed journal lists, abstracts, author profiles, and links to other metadata. Editors and publishers may find particularly useful source selection criteria and apply for coverage of their peer-reviewed journals and grey literature sources. These criteria are aimed at accepting relevant sources with established editorial policies and quality controls.

Geoffrey Keynes's Two-Fold Vision: Medical Savant-Connoisseur and Literary Bibliographer.

PubMed

Kutcher, Gerald

2016-10-01

During the 1920s and 1930s, the British surgeon Geoffrey Keynes (1887-1982) treated breast cancer with radium instead of the hegemonic radical mastectomy, while vehemently attacking the "radicalists" for mutilating women. Keynes was also a leading bibliographer of literary figures from Sir Thomas Browne to William Blake through Jane Austen. This article argues that these endeavors did not inhabit separate worlds, but rather his bibliographic methods of collecting and sorting were deeply interwoven with his therapeutic practices and medical ways of knowing. The article also examines the profound influence his engagement with the works of William Blake had on his battle against the reigning medical orthodoxy and on the humanity of his relationship with his patients. It concludes that Keynes' story sheds light on a now distant medico-cultural world where literary studies, often centered on book collecting and critique, were not only highly valued, but were influential in guiding the vision and behavior of a number of physicians. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Field Geology/Processes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Allen, Carlton; Jakes, Petr; Jaumann, Ralf; Marshall, John; Moses, Stewart; Ryder, Graham; Saunders, Stephen; Singer, Robert

1996-01-01

The field geology/process group examined the basic operations of a terrestrial field geologist and the manner in which these operations could be transferred to a planetary lander. Four basic requirements for robotic field geology were determined: geologic content; surface vision; mobility; and manipulation. Geologic content requires a combination of orbital and descent imaging. Surface vision requirements include range, resolution, stereo, and multispectral imaging. The minimum mobility for useful field geology depends on the scale of orbital imagery. Manipulation requirements include exposing unweathered surfaces, screening samples, and bringing samples in contact with analytical instruments. To support these requirements, several advanced capabilities for future development are recommended. Capabilities include near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy, hyper-spectral imaging, multispectral microscopy, artificial intelligence in support of imaging, x ray diffraction, x ray fluorescence, and rock chipping.

Impact of solar-energy development. The aggregate impact on basic economic objectives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parker, A.; Kirschner, C.; Roach, F.

Two categories of incentives for the development of solar energy are described: those that increase the benefits associated with the ownership of a solar energy system and those that reduce the cost of the system. The impact of two alternative programs are presented. Short run and long run impacts expected to result from the installation of passive solar designs on existing housing rock are distinguished. Impacts associated with a program to deregulate natural gas and one combining tax credits and low interest loans are compared. The impacts of solar programs on seven basic economic goals are analyzed. The goals are full employment, price stability, economic efficienty, equitable distribution of income, economic growth, balancing the federal budget, and a strong national defense.

Checking a Conceptual Model for Groundwater Flow in the Fractured Rock at Äspö, Sweden

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kröhn, K. P.

2015-12-01

The underground Hard Rock Laboratory (HRL) at Äspö, Sweden, is located in granitic rock and dedicated to investigations concerning deep geological disposal of radioactive waste. Several in-situ experiments have been performed in the HRL, among them the recent Buffer-Rock Interaction Experiment (BRIE) and, on a much larger scale, the long-term Prototype Repository (PR) experiment.Interpretation of such experiments requires a profound understanding of the groundwater flow system. Often assumed is a conceptual model where the so-called "intact rock" is interspersed with stochastically distributed fractures. It is also a common assumption, though, that fractures in granite exist on all length-scales implying that the hydraulically relevant rock porosity is basically made up of micro fractures. The conceptual approach of GRS' groundwater flow code d3f thus appeared to be fitting where large fractures are represented discretely by lower-dimensional features while the remaining set of smaller fractures - also called "background fractures" - is assumed to act like an additional homogeneous continuum besides what is believed to be the undisturbed matrix. This approach was applied to a hydraulic model of the BRIE in a cube-like domain of 40 m side length including drifts, boreholes and three intersecting large fractures. According to observations at the underground rock laboratories Stripa and the HRL a narrow zone of reduced permeability - called "skin" - was additionally arranged around all geotechnical openings. Calibration of the model resulted in a considerable increase of matrix permeability due to adding the effect of the background fractures. To check the validity of this approach the calibrated data for the BRIE were applied to a model for the PR which is also located in the HRL but at quite some distance. The related brick-shaped model domain has a size of 200 m x 150 m x 50 m. Fitting the calculated outflow from the rock to the measured outflow distribution along the PR-tunnel and the outflow into the six "deposition boreholes" nevertheless required only a moderate modification of the initially used permeabilities. By and large the chosen approach for the BRIE can thus be considered to have been successfully transferred to the PR.

Quantitative analysis of major and trace elements in NH4HF2-modified silicate rock powders by laser ablation - inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

PubMed

Zhang, Wen; Hu, Zhaochu; Liu, Yongsheng; Yang, Wenwu; Chen, Haihong; Hu, Shenghong; Xiao, Hongyan

2017-08-29

In this paper, we described a NH 4 HF 2 digestion method as sample preparation for the rapid determination of major and trace elements in silicate rocks using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Sample powders digested by NH 4 HF 2 at 230 °C for 3 h form ultrafine powders with a typical grain size d 80  < 8.5 μm, and various silicate rocks have a consistent grain morphology and size, allowing us to produce pressed powder pellets that have excellent cohesion and homogeneity suitable for laser ablation micro-analysis without the addition of binder. The influences of the digestion parameters were investigated and optimized, including the evaporation stage of removing residual NH 4 HF 2 , sample homogenization, selection of the digestion vessel and calibration strategy of quantitative analysis. The optimized NH 4 HF 2 digestion method was applied to dissolve six silicate rock reference materials (BCR-2, BHVO-2, AGV-2, RGM-2, GSP-2, GSR-1) covering a wide range of rock types. Ten major elements and thirty-five trace elements were simultaneously analyzed by LA-ICP-MS. The analytical results of the six reference materials generally agreed with the recommended values, with discrepancies of less than 10% for most elements. The analytical precision is within 5% for most major elements and within 10% for most trace elements. Compared with previous methods of LA-ICP-MS bulk analysis, our method enables the complete dissolution of refractory minerals, such as zircon, in intermediate-acidic intrusive rocks and limits contamination as well as the loss of volatile elements. Moreover, there are many advantages for the new technique, including reducing matrix effects between reference materials and samples, spiking the internal standard simply and feasibly and sample batch processing. The applicability filed of the new technique in this study was focused on the whole-rock analysis of igneous rock samples, which are from basic rocks to acid rocks (45% < SiO 2  < 73%). However, we thought that the NH 4 HF 2 digestion method can be used as a new alternative in LA-ICP-MS for a wider range of geological samples, and will significantly accelerate the application of LA-ICP-MS for the whole-rock analysis. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Resolving Orbital and Climate Keys of Earth and Extraterrestrial Environments with Dynamics (ROCKE-3D) 1.0: A General Circulation Model for Simulating the Climates of Rocky Planets

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Way, M. J.; Aleinov, I.; Amundsen, David S.

Resolving Orbital and Climate Keys of Earth and Extraterrestrial Environments with Dynamics (ROCKE-3D) is a three-dimensional General Circulation Model (GCM) developed at the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies for the modeling of atmospheres of solar system and exoplanetary terrestrial planets. Its parent model, known as ModelE2, is used to simulate modern Earth and near-term paleo-Earth climates. ROCKE-3D is an ongoing effort to expand the capabilities of ModelE2 to handle a broader range of atmospheric conditions, including higher and lower atmospheric pressures, more diverse chemistries and compositions, larger and smaller planet radii and gravity, different rotation rates (from slower tomore » more rapid than modern Earth’s, including synchronous rotation), diverse ocean and land distributions and topographies, and potential basic biosphere functions. The first aim of ROCKE-3D is to model planetary atmospheres on terrestrial worlds within the solar system such as paleo-Earth, modern and paleo-Mars, paleo-Venus, and Saturn’s moon Titan. By validating the model for a broad range of temperatures, pressures, and atmospheric constituents, we can then further expand its capabilities to those exoplanetary rocky worlds that have been discovered in the past, as well as those to be discovered in the future. We also discuss the current and near-future capabilities of ROCKE-3D as a community model for studying planetary and exoplanetary atmospheres.« less

Digital Geological Map for Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica: A resource for investigation of geotectonic frameworks and future glaciological change

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Siddoway, C. S.; White, T.; Elkind, S.; Cox, S. C.; Lyttle, B. S.; Morin, P. J.

2016-12-01

Bedrock exposures are relatively sparse in Marie Byrd Land (MBL), where rock is concealed by the West Antarctic ice sheet, but they provide direct insight into the geological evolution and glacial history of West Antarctica. MBL is tectonically active, as evidenced by Late Pleistocene to Holocene volcanism and 2012 seismicity (3 events, M4.4 to M5.5) at sites beside Ross Sea. There are geological influences upon the ice sheet, namely, subglacial volcanism and associated geothermal flux, fault zone alteration/mineralization, and bedrock roughess. The former may influence the position and velocity of outlet glaciers and the latter may anchor or accelerate sectors of the ice sheet. To make MBL's geological framework accessible to investigators with diverse research priorities, we are preparing the first digital geological map of MBL by compiling ground-based geological data, incorporating firsthand observations, published geological maps and literature. The map covers an on-continent coastal area of 900 000 km2 between 090°E to 160°E, from 72°S to 80°S, at 1:250 000 scale or better. Exposed rock is delimited by 1976 polygons, occupying 410 km2. Supraglacial features and glacial till, seasonal water and blue ice, are also mapped, as a baseline for past and future glaciological change. Rendered in the ArcMap GIS software by Esri©, the database employs international GeoSciML data protocols for feature classification and description of rock and moraine polygons from the Antarctic Digital Database (www.add.scar.org), with shape and location adjusted to align with features in Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica imagery (lima.usgs.gov), where necessary. The GIS database is attribute-rich and queriable; including links to bibliographic source files for primary literature and published maps. It will soon be available as GoogleEarth kmz files and an ArcGIS online map service. An initial application is to the interpretation of sub-ice geology for a subglacial geotectonic map of this active region. This is undertaken as part of ROSETTA-Ice, an integrated systems science investigation of the Ross Ice Shelf that commenced in 2015. The next phases of MBL database development will assess icesheet-ocean interactions near grounding line, environmental domain analysis and ecological research.

Shatter cones formed in large-scale experimental explosion craters

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Roddy, D. J.; Davis, L. K.

1977-01-01

In 1968, a series of 0.5-ton and 100-ton TNT explosion experiments were conducted in granitic rock near Cedar City, Utah, as part of a basic research program on cratering and shock wave propagation. Of special interest was the formation of an important type of shock metamorphic feature, shatter cones. A description is presented of the first reported occurrence of shatter cones in high explosion trials. A background to shatter cone studies is presented and attention is given to the test program, geology and physical properties of the test medium, the observed cratering, and the formational pressures for shatter cones. The high explosion trials conducted demonstrate beyond any doubt, that shatter cones can be formed by shock wave processes during cratering and that average formational pressures in these crystalline rocks are in the 20-60 kb range.

Gamma spectrometry application of the Kola Peninsula (in Russian)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Golovin, I.V.; Kolesnik, N.N.; Antipov, V.S.

1973-03-01

The methods and results are reported of a spectrometric study, carried out with the SP-3 instrument in Pre-Cambrian fornnations in the northwest ranges of Kola Peninsula for clarification of the radiochemical characteristics of the rocks of the region and of the distribution characteristics of radioactive elements in Cu-Ni mineralizations. It was established that the content of radioactive elements in the rocks varies within a wide interval and corresponds basically to the Vinogradov content. The radioactive element content in typical metamorphic and magmatic complexes and sulfide ores was determined. The spectrometric method can be used for the solution of various geologicalmore » problems. It is particularly useful for studying the separation of strata, the genesis of magmatic and metamorphic complexes, and the metamorphic and geochemical zonality and granitization processes. (tr-auth)« less

Stress Wave Interactions with Tunnels Buried in Well-Characterized Jointed Media.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-06-01

27 14 Particle Velocity and Principal Stress Fields at 62 jisec for the Elastic- Plastic Media Model (Case 1, 0.8 kbar...is used; the basic formulation is similar to the HEMP code (Ref. 3) . Tn numerical solutions and material properties are luscriben in Section 3. 3...media is 16A rock simulant. The elastic- plastic properties are modeled with the following parameters: Bulk Modulus K = .131 Mbar Shear Modulus G

U.S. Geological Survey reports on the water resources of Florida, 1886-1980

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hoy, N.D.; Simmons, James D.; Claiborne, Maude

1981-01-01

The U.S. Geological Survey has released a listing of its reports on water resources in Florida for the period 1886-1980. Most of the reports contained in the listing were prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with numerous public agencies in Florida. The compilation has a full bibliographic list of reports, arranged alphabetically by senior author. In addition, the reports are indexed by geographic areas and by subject. Only two lines are used for each entry in the indexed portions, the complete reference being given only in the bibliographic list. (USGS)

Mining the literature: new methods to exploit keyword profiles.

PubMed

Andrade-Navarro, Miguel A

2012-01-01

Bibliographic records in the PubMed database of biomedical literature are annotated with Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) by curators, which summarize the content of the articles. Two recent publications explain how to generate profiles of MeSH terms for a set of bibliographic records and to use them to define any given concept by its associated literature. These concepts can then be related by their keyword profiles, and this can be used, for example, to detect new associations between genes and inherited diseases. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/13/249/abstracthttp://genomemedicine.com/content/4/9/75/abstract.

Advanced Satellite Research Project: SCAR Research Database. Bibliographic analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pelton, Joseph N.

1991-01-01

The literature search was provided to locate and analyze the most recent literature that was relevant to the research. This was done by cross-relating books, articles, monographs, and journals that relate to the following topics: (1) Experimental Systems - Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS), and (2) Integrated System Digital Network (ISDN) and Advance Communication Techniques (ISDN and satellites, ISDN standards, broadband ISDN, flame relay and switching, computer networks and satellites, satellite orbits and technology, satellite transmission quality, and network configuration). Bibliographic essay on literature citations and articles reviewed during the literature search task is provided.

The NASA ADS Abstract Service and the Distributed Astronomy Digital Library [and] Project Soup: Comparing Evaluations of Digital Collection Efforts [and] Cross-Organizational Access Management: A Digital Library Authentication and Authorization Architecture [and] BibRelEx: Exploring Bibliographic Databases by Visualization of Annotated Content-based Relations [and] Semantics-Sensitive Retrieval for Digital Picture Libraries [and] Encoded Archival Description: An Introduction and Overview.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kurtz, Michael J.; Eichorn, Guenther; Accomazzi, Alberto; Grant, Carolyn S.; Demleitner, Markus; Murray, Stephen S.; Jones, Michael L. W.; Gay, Geri K.; Rieger, Robert H.; Millman, David; Bruggemann-Klein, Anne; Klein, Rolf; Landgraf, Britta; Wang, James Ze; Li, Jia; Chan, Desmond; Wiederhold, Gio; Pitti, Daniel V.

1999-01-01

Includes six articles that discuss a digital library for astronomy; comparing evaluations of digital collection efforts; cross-organizational access management of Web-based resources; searching scientific bibliographic databases based on content-based relations between documents; semantics-sensitive retrieval for digital picture libraries; and…

A Framework to Explore the Knowledge Structure of Multidisciplinary Research Fields

PubMed Central

Uddin, Shahadat; Khan, Arif; Baur, Louise A.

2015-01-01

Understanding emerging areas of a multidisciplinary research field is crucial for researchers, policymakers and other stakeholders. For them a knowledge structure based on longitudinal bibliographic data can be an effective instrument. But with the vast amount of available online information it is often hard to understand the knowledge structure for data. In this paper, we present a novel approach for retrieving online bibliographic data and propose a framework for exploring knowledge structure. We also present several longitudinal analyses to interpret and visualize the last 20 years of published obesity research data. PMID:25915521

Petrogenesis and tectonic association of rift-related basic Panjal dykes from the northern Indian plate, North-Western Pakistan: evidence of high-Ti basalts analogous to dykes from Tibet

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sajid, Muhammad; Andersen, Jens; Arif, Mohammad

2017-10-01

Rift related magmatism during Permian time in the northern margin of Indian plate is represented by basic dykes in several Himalayan terranes including north western Pakistan. The field relations, mineralogy and whole rock geochemistry of these basic dykes reveal significant textural, mineralogical and chemical variation between two major types (a) dolerite and (b) amphibolite. Intra-plate tectonic settings for both rock types have been interpreted on the basis of low Zr/Nb ratios (< 10), K/Ba ratios (20-40) and Hf-Ta-Th and FeO-MgO-Al2O3 discrimination diagrams. The compositional zoning in plagioclase and clinopyroxene, variation in olivine compositions and major elements oxide trends indicate a vital role of fractional crystallization in the evolution of dolerites, which also show depletion in rare earth elements (REEs) and other incompatible elements compared to the amphibolites. The equilibrium partial melting models from primitive mantle using Dy/Yb, La/Yb, Sm/Yb and La/Sm ratios show that amphibolite formed by smaller degrees (< 5%) of partial melting than the dolerites (< 10%). The trace elements ratios suggest the origination of dolerites from the subcontinental lithospheric mantle with some crustal contamination. This is consistent with a petrogenetic relationship with Panjal trap magmatism, reported from Kashmir and other parts of north western India. The amphibolites, in contrast, show affinity towards Ocean Island basalts (OIB) with a relatively deep asthenospheric mantle source and minimal crustal contribution and are geochemically similar to the High-Ti mafic dykes of southern Qiangtang, Tibet. These similarities combined with Permian tectonic restoration of Gondwana indicate the coeval origin for both dykes from distinct mantle source during continental rifting related to formation of the Neotethys Ocean.

Petrogenesis and tectonic association of rift-related basic Panjal dykes from the northern Indian plate, North-Western Pakistan: evidence of high-Ti basalts analogous to dykes from Tibet

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sajid, Muhammad; Andersen, Jens; Arif, Mohammad

2018-06-01

Rift related magmatism during Permian time in the northern margin of Indian plate is represented by basic dykes in several Himalayan terranes including north western Pakistan. The field relations, mineralogy and whole rock geochemistry of these basic dykes reveal significant textural, mineralogical and chemical variation between two major types (a) dolerite and (b) amphibolite. Intra-plate tectonic settings for both rock types have been interpreted on the basis of low Zr/Nb ratios (< 10), K/Ba ratios (20-40) and Hf-Ta-Th and FeO-MgO-Al2O3 discrimination diagrams. The compositional zoning in plagioclase and clinopyroxene, variation in olivine compositions and major elements oxide trends indicate a vital role of fractional crystallization in the evolution of dolerites, which also show depletion in rare earth elements (REEs) and other incompatible elements compared to the amphibolites. The equilibrium partial melting models from primitive mantle using Dy/Yb, La/Yb, Sm/Yb and La/Sm ratios show that amphibolite formed by smaller degrees (< 5%) of partial melting than the dolerites (< 10%). The trace elements ratios suggest the origination of dolerites from the subcontinental lithospheric mantle with some crustal contamination. This is consistent with a petrogenetic relationship with Panjal trap magmatism, reported from Kashmir and other parts of north western India. The amphibolites, in contrast, show affinity towards Ocean Island basalts (OIB) with a relatively deep asthenospheric mantle source and minimal crustal contribution and are geochemically similar to the High-Ti mafic dykes of southern Qiangtang, Tibet. These similarities combined with Permian tectonic restoration of Gondwana indicate the coeval origin for both dykes from distinct mantle source during continental rifting related to formation of the Neotethys Ocean.

Consensus methods: review of original methods and their main alternatives used in public health

PubMed Central

Bourrée, Fanny; Michel, Philippe; Salmi, Louis Rachid

2008-01-01

Summary Background Consensus-based studies are increasingly used as decision-making methods, for they have lower production cost than other methods (observation, experimentation, modelling) and provide results more rapidly. The objective of this paper is to describe the principles and methods of the four main methods, Delphi, nominal group, consensus development conference and RAND/UCLA, their use as it appears in peer-reviewed publications and validation studies published in the healthcare literature. Methods A bibliographic search was performed in Pubmed/MEDLINE, Banque de Données Santé Publique (BDSP), The Cochrane Library, Pascal and Francis. Keywords, headings and qualifiers corresponding to a list of terms and expressions related to the consensus methods were searched in the thesauri, and used in the literature search. A search with the same terms and expressions was performed on Internet using the website Google Scholar. Results All methods, precisely described in the literature, are based on common basic principles such as definition of subject, selection of experts, and direct or remote interaction processes. They sometimes use quantitative assessment for ranking items. Numerous variants of these methods have been described. Few validation studies have been implemented. Not implementing these basic principles and failing to describe the methods used to reach the consensus were both frequent reasons contributing to raise suspicion regarding the validity of consensus methods. Conclusion When it is applied to a new domain with important consequences in terms of decision making, a consensus method should be first validated. PMID:19013039

The rocks and fossils of my school… as educational and cientific divulgation resources

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Canas, Ana; Lopes, Francisco; Guerreiro, Catarina; Reis, Raquel; Carneiro, Amanda

2017-04-01

In a city, on walls, pavements, street furniture and monuments, it is normal to find rocks with fossils and curious features, full of interesting stories. This geological and paleontological heritage, usually ignored by the majority of citizens, has an enormous potential for use in science; education; conservation; communication; tourism and leisure. The fact that the walls and floors in the Silves Secondary School are covered with different types of rocks with peculiar characteristics and full of an enormous fossiliferous diversity, gave us the opportunity to explore the potential of this geodiversity in a school context. The main objectives defined in this project were: to promote the geodiversity present in the school building as an educational (sciences' teaching) and communication (scientific literacy and divulgation) resource; to diversify the educational materials and resources available in the school; to involve students in a concrete project, with a practical and multidisciplinary approach; to stimulate students' interest for science and knowledge; to promote the education of more observing, conscientious and respectful citizens of the natural and cultural heritage. In the execution of the project, we highlight the following activities: theoretical and practical work sessions (bibliographical research, field work, analysis and discussion of results, evaluation, ...); inventory of rocks and fossils ("cartography" of the school building, written and photographic record, identification of rocks and fossils, ...); selection of places of interest; production and compilation of contents - texts, photographs, diagrams and illustrations (students of both science and technology, and arts courses); production of a digital guide with sections for students of different levels of education, teachers and other interested parties (available on the school website); production of identifying and informative contents for boards in the places of interest; edition and graphic design of the digital guide and informative boards (students of the graphic design course); practical classes, guided tours and other promotion and divulgation initiatives. In the end, with this project, students, teachers and the rest of the educational community, will regard rocks and fossils differently. In the next school year (2017/2018), we intend to carry the work forward, extending it to other schools in Silves county. Some of the papers that inspired our project: -Cachada, M., Santos, A., Alfaro, E., Silva, C. S. (2012). Experiencias de aprovechamiento educativo y turístico de recursos geológicos en las ciudades de Huelva, Sevilla y Córdoba. Comunicaciones XVII Simposio sobre Enseñanza de la Geología. Universidad de Huelva, 64-70 -Fuertes, I., Calzada, E., Llamas, T., Tejerina, A., Crespo, M., Pereiras, L., Crespo, T., Domínguez, L., Cabezas, L. (2016). Lugares de interés geoeducativo en el medio urbano. Potencialidad de las ciudades para la enseñanza de Geología. Enseñanza de las Ciencias de la Tierra, Vol. 24 (2), 195-201 -Rodrigues, L., Agostinho, M., Manteigas, R. (2014). Geologia e Paleontologia Urbanas - potencialidades e aplicações em três cidades do Algarve. Comunicações Geológicas, 101, Especial III: 1359-1363 -Silva, C. M., Cachão, M. (1998). "Paleontologia Urbana": percursos citadinos de interpretação e educação (paleo)ambiental. Actas V Congresso Nacional de Geologia, Comunicações Instituto Geológico e Mineiro, Lisboa, 84 (2), H33-H37

A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to Mid-2003

USGS Publications Warehouse

Irwin, William P.

2003-01-01

This bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology was begun, although not in a systematic or comprehensive way, when, in 1953, I was assigned the task of preparing a report on the geology and mineral resources of the drainage basins of the Trinity, Klamath, and Eel Rivers in northwestern California. During the following 40 or more years, I maintained an active interest in the Klamath Mountains region and continued to collect bibliographic references to the various reports and maps of Klamath geology that came to my attention. When I retired in 1989 and became a Geologist Emeritus with the Geological Survey, I had a large amount of bibliographic material in my files. Believing that a comprehensive bibliography of a region is a valuable research tool, I have expended substantial effort to make this bibliography of the Klamath Mountains as complete as is reasonably feasible. My aim was to include all published reports and maps that pertain primarily to the Klamath Mountains, as well as all pertinent doctoral and master's theses. In addition, I included reports in which the Klamath Mountains are of significance but not the primary focus; these latter kinds are mostly reports that correlate the Klamath terranes with those of other provinces, that compare the genesis of Klamath rocks with those elsewhere, or that include the Klamath Mountains in a continental framework. Reports describing the geology of the overlap sequences such as the Great Valley sequence, Hornbrook Formation, and Tertiary sediments and volcanics are included where those rocks lie within the limits of the Klamath Mountains province, but are only selectively included where the overlap sequences are mainly peripheral to the province. The alphabetical part of the bibliography consists of approximately 1700 entries. The list of primary references probably is virtually complete through 1994 and includes some 1995 references. The earliest reference is to James Dwight Dana in 1849. In order to restrict the size of the topical part of the bibliography to reasonable limits, each reference is listed under only one subject although many references may be applicable to two or more subjects. Titles in the topical section are abbreviated to conserve space and still retain identity. The bibliography was compiled from a variety of sources. Some of the references have not been checked against the original publications for accuracy. Caveat emptor! I would appreciate being informed of any errors or ommissions in order that a corrected and updated version of the bibliography may be prepared. I thank Nancy Blair for assistance in verifying some of the references, and thank Mary Donato and Robert Brown for helpful suggestions regarding the topical part of the bibliography. Since the first version of this bibliography was released in 1995, the total number of entries has increased from approximately 1700 to 1937, which indicates a continued high interest in the geology of the Klamath Mountains province. The total number of entries includes 73 Ph.D. theses and 123 Masters theses representing 26 universities.

Locating and parsing bibliographic references in HTML medical articles

PubMed Central

Zou, Jie; Le, Daniel; Thoma, George R.

2010-01-01

The set of references that typically appear toward the end of journal articles is sometimes, though not always, a field in bibliographic (citation) databases. But even if references do not constitute such a field, they can be useful as a preprocessing step in the automated extraction of other bibliographic data from articles, as well as in computer-assisted indexing of articles. Automation in data extraction and indexing to minimize human labor is key to the affordable creation and maintenance of large bibliographic databases. Extracting the components of references, such as author names, article title, journal name, publication date and other entities, is therefore a valuable and sometimes necessary task. This paper describes a two-step process using statistical machine learning algorithms, to first locate the references in HTML medical articles and then to parse them. Reference locating identifies the reference section in an article and then decomposes it into individual references. We formulate this step as a two-class classification problem based on text and geometric features. An evaluation conducted on 500 articles drawn from 100 medical journals achieves near-perfect precision and recall rates for locating references. Reference parsing identifies the components of each reference. For this second step, we implement and compare two algorithms. One relies on sequence statistics and trains a Conditional Random Field. The other focuses on local feature statistics and trains a Support Vector Machine to classify each individual word, followed by a search algorithm that systematically corrects low confidence labels if the label sequence violates a set of predefined rules. The overall performance of these two reference-parsing algorithms is about the same: above 99% accuracy at the word level, and over 97% accuracy at the chunk level. PMID:20640222

Locating and parsing bibliographic references in HTML medical articles.

PubMed

Zou, Jie; Le, Daniel; Thoma, George R

2010-06-01

The set of references that typically appear toward the end of journal articles is sometimes, though not always, a field in bibliographic (citation) databases. But even if references do not constitute such a field, they can be useful as a preprocessing step in the automated extraction of other bibliographic data from articles, as well as in computer-assisted indexing of articles. Automation in data extraction and indexing to minimize human labor is key to the affordable creation and maintenance of large bibliographic databases. Extracting the components of references, such as author names, article title, journal name, publication date and other entities, is therefore a valuable and sometimes necessary task. This paper describes a two-step process using statistical machine learning algorithms, to first locate the references in HTML medical articles and then to parse them. Reference locating identifies the reference section in an article and then decomposes it into individual references. We formulate this step as a two-class classification problem based on text and geometric features. An evaluation conducted on 500 articles drawn from 100 medical journals achieves near-perfect precision and recall rates for locating references. Reference parsing identifies the components of each reference. For this second step, we implement and compare two algorithms. One relies on sequence statistics and trains a Conditional Random Field. The other focuses on local feature statistics and trains a Support Vector Machine to classify each individual word, followed by a search algorithm that systematically corrects low confidence labels if the label sequence violates a set of predefined rules. The overall performance of these two reference-parsing algorithms is about the same: above 99% accuracy at the word level, and over 97% accuracy at the chunk level.

Public health and epidemiology journals published in Brazil and other Portuguese speaking countries

PubMed Central

Barreto, Mauricio L; Barata, Rita Barradas

2008-01-01

It is well known that papers written in languages other than English have a great risk of being ignored simply because these languages are not accessible to the international scientific community. The objective of this paper is to facilitate the access to the public health and epidemiology literature available in Portuguese speaking countries. It was found that it is particularly concentrated in Brazil, with some few examples in Portugal and none in other Portuguese speaking countries. This literature is predominantly written in Portuguese, but also in other languages such as English or Spanish. The paper describes the several journals, as well as the bibliographic databases that index these journals and how to access them. Most journals provide open-access with direct links in the indexing databases. The importance of this scientific production for the development of epidemiology as a scientific discipline and as a basic discipline for public health practice is discussed. To marginalize these publications has implications for a more balanced knowledge and understanding of the health problems and their determinants at a world-wide level. PMID:18826592

Extracting scientific articles from a large digital archive: BioStor and the Biodiversity Heritage Library

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background The Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL) is a large digital archive of legacy biological literature, comprising over 31 million pages scanned from books, monographs, and journals. During the digitisation process basic metadata about the scanned items is recorded, but not article-level metadata. Given that the article is the standard unit of citation, this makes it difficult to locate cited literature in BHL. Adding the ability to easily find articles in BHL would greatly enhance the value of the archive. Description A service was developed to locate articles in BHL based on matching article metadata to BHL metadata using approximate string matching, regular expressions, and string alignment. This article locating service is exposed as a standard OpenURL resolver on the BioStor web site http://biostor.org/openurl/. This resolver can be used on the web, or called by bibliographic tools that support OpenURL. Conclusions BioStor provides tools for extracting, annotating, and visualising articles from the Biodiversity Heritage Library. BioStor is available from http://biostor.org/. PMID:21605356

Hydration: certain basic aspects for developing technical and scientific parameters into the nutrition knowledge

PubMed

Perales-García, Aránzazu; Estévez-Martínez, Isabel; Urrialde, Rafael

2016-07-12

Introduction: Hydration is defined as the water intake coming from food and beverages. Its study has become an area by itself, within the nutrition field. Meaning that in 2010 the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) approved the water intake recommendations, but the study of this topic implies a rigorous methodology, which represents several issues. Objective: Showing as a glance the main methodological issues in hydration studies. Material and methods: Bibliographic revision of scientific literature. Results: The main methodological issues presented are: sample selection (investigation field and sample design), selection of the method to evaluate hydration status (dilution techniques, bioelectrical impedance, plasmatic and urinary indicators, changes in body composition, water losses and clinic symptoms) selection of the method to evaluate water intake (biomarker, questionnaires, informatics programs, smartphone use, 24-h register, dietary history and food frequency questionnaire), and the main sources of hydration. Conclusions: Hydration status should be understood as a routine model, with daily frequency, according to gender, age, physical activity and environmental conditions. Furthermore, the correct design of the methodology has a special importance in order to take into account all the aspects

Is there addiction to loud music? Findings in a group of non-professional pop/rock musicians.

PubMed

Schmuziger, Nicolas; Patscheke, Jochen; Stieglitz, Rolf; Probst, Rudolf

2012-01-09

Listening to loud music may be connected to addictive behavior possibly leading to damaging effects on the cochlea. We hypothesized that members of non-professional pop/rock bands with regular exposure to loud music are more likely to show an addictive-like behavior for loud music than matched control subjects. Fifty non-professional musicians and 50 matched control subjects were asked to complete the Northeastern Music Listening Survey (NEMLS) with two basic components. The first comprises an adaptation of the validated Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (MAST) to study the addictive-like behavior towards loud music. The second comprises the criteria outlined by the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) of the American Psychiatric Society for the diagnosis of substance dependence. The NEMLS was scored using the same point system as used in the MAST. The DSM-IV criteria for substance dependence were met by nine of the musician group and by one control subject. Seven of these nine musicians also had a positive NEMLS score. Traits of addictive-like behavior to loud music were detected more often in members of nonprofessional pop/rock bands than in control subjects.

Opportunities for Multidisciplinary Research in Partnership with Rock Engineers at the Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Laughton, C.

2008-12-01

For the last half century the physics community has increasingly turned to the use of underground space to conduct basic research. The community is currently planning to conduct a new generation of underground experiments at the Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory (DUSEL). DUSEL will be constructed within the footprint of the defunct Homestake Gold Mine, located in Lead, South Dakota. Physics proposals call for the construction of new caverns in which to conduct major new experiments. Some of the proposed laboratory facilities will be significantly larger and deeper than any previously constructed. The talk will highlight possible opportunities for integrating multi-disciplinary research in to the cavern construction program, and will stress the need to work closely with design and construction contractors to ensure that research goals can be achieve with minimal impact on project work. The constructors of large caverns should be particularly receptive to, and encouraging of geoscience research that could improve the engineering characterization of the rock mass. An improved understanding of the rock mass, as the host construction material, would result in a more reliable cavern design and construction process, and a reduced construction risk to the Project.

Design and testing of coring bits on drilling lunar rock simulant

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Peng; Jiang, Shengyuan; Tang, Dewei; Xu, Bo; Ma, Chao; Zhang, Hui; Qin, Hongwei; Deng, Zongquan

2017-02-01

Coring bits are widely utilized in the sampling of celestial bodies, and their drilling behaviors directly affect the sampling results and drilling security. This paper introduces a lunar regolith coring bit (LRCB), which is a key component of sampling tools for lunar rock breaking during the lunar soil sampling process. We establish the interaction model between the drill bit and rock at a small cutting depth, and the two main influential parameters (forward and outward rake angles) of LRCB on drilling loads are determined. We perform the parameter screening task of LRCB with the aim to minimize the weight on bit (WOB). We verify the drilling load performances of LRCB after optimization, and the higher penetrations per revolution (PPR) are, the larger drilling loads we gained. Besides, we perform lunar soil drilling simulations to estimate the efficiency on chip conveying and sample coring of LRCB. The results of the simulation and test are basically consistent on coring efficiency, and the chip removal efficiency of LRCB is slightly lower than HIT-H bit from simulation. This work proposes a method for the design of coring bits in subsequent extraterrestrial explorations.

Is there addiction to loud music? Findings in a group of non-professional pop/rock musicians

PubMed Central

Schmuziger, Nicolas; Patscheke, Jochen; Stieglitz, Rolf; Probst, Rudolf

2012-01-01

Listening to loud music may be connected to addictive behavior possibly leading to damaging effects on the cochlea. We hypothesized that members of non-professional pop/rock bands with regular exposure to loud music are more likely to show an addictive-like behavior for loud music than matched control subjects. Fifty non-professional musicians and 50 matched control subjects were asked to complete the Northeastern Music Listening Survey (NEMLS) with two basic components. The first comprises an adaptation of the validated Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (MAST) to study the addictive-like behavior towards loud music. The second comprises the criteria outlined by the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) of the American Psychiatric Society for the diagnosis of substance dependence. The NEMLS was scored using the same point system as used in the MAST. The DSM-IV criteria for substance dependence were met by nine of the musician group and by one control subject. Seven of these nine musicians also had a positive NEMLS score. Traits of addictive-like behavior to loud music were detected more often in members of nonprofessional pop/rock bands than in control subjects. PMID:26557326

A guided inquiry approach to learning the geology of the U.S

USGS Publications Warehouse

Leech, M.L.; Howell, D.G.; Egger, A.E.

2004-01-01

A guided inquiry exercise has been developed to help teach the geology of the U.S. This exercise is intended for use early in the school term when undergraduate students have little background knowledge of geology. Before beginning, students should be introduced to rock types and have a basic understanding of geologic time. This exercise uses three maps: the U.S. Geological Survey's "A Tapestry of Time and Terrain" and "Landforms of the Conterminous United States" maps, and a geologic map of the United States. Using these maps, groups of 3 to 5 students are asked to identify between 8 and 12 geologic provinces based on topography, the age of rocks, and rock types. Each student is given a blank outline map of the contiguous U.S. and each group is given a set of the three maps and colored pencils; as a group, students work to define regions in the U.S. with similar geology. A goal of 8 to 12 geologic provinces is given to help establish the level of detail being asked of students. One member of each group is asked to present their group's findings to the class, describing their geologic provinces and the reasoning behind their choices.

Capillary controls on brine percolation in rock salt

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hesse, M. A.; Prodanovic, M.; Ghanbarzadeh, S.

2016-12-01

The ability the microstructure in rock salt to evolve to minimize the surface energy of the pore-space exerts an important control on brine percolation. The behavior is especially interesting under conditions when brine is wetting the grain boundaries and the pore network percolates at very low porosities, below the transport threshold in typical porous media. We present pore-scale simulations of texturally equilibrated pore spaces in real polycrystalline materials. This allows us to probe the basic physical properties of these materials, such as percolation and trapping thresholds as well as permeability-porosity relationships. Laboratory experiments in NaCl-H2O system are consistent with the computed percolation thresholds. Field data from hydrocarbon exploration wells in rock salt show that fluid commonly invades the lower section of the salt domes. This is consistent with laboratory measurements that show that brine begins to wet the salt grain boundaries with increasing pressure and temperature and theoretical arguments suggesting this would lead to fluid invasion. In several salt domes, however, fluid have percolated to shallower depths, apparently overcoming a substantial percolation threshold. This is likely due to the shear deformation in salt domes, which is not accounted for in theory and experiments.

Impact of the Middle East War of 1967 on European Perceptions of U.S. and Soviet Power

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-01-01

basic sources of elite identity in British politics is the shared Oxford and Cambridge background of men in both Westminister (Parliament) and...the United Stateb had special legislative authority for sharing certain nuclear information whereas with the French no such authority existed. When...seen little to gain by "rocking the boat." Within the framework of progressive labor legislation (under the Christian Demo- crats as well as under the

MX Siting Investigation Gravity Survey - Wah Wah Valley, Utah.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-05-15

Bouguer Anomaly (see Section A1.4, Appendix A1.0). The Defense Mapping Agency Aerospace Center (DMAAC), St. Louis, Missouri, calculates outer zone...Utah .... 12 LIST OF DRAWINGS Drawing Number 1 Complete Bouguer Anomaly Contours In Pocket at 2 Deptn to Rock - Interpreted from End of Report...DMAHTC/GSS obtained the basic observations for the new stations and reduced them to Simple Bouguer Anomalies (SBA) as described in Appendix A1.0. Up to

MX Siting Investigation Gravity Survey - Ralston Valley, Nevada.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-08-20

Center (DMAHTC), headquartered in Cheyenne. Wyoming. DMAHTC reduces the data to Simple Bouguer Anomaly (see Section A1.4, Appendix Al.0). The Defense...LIST OF DRAWINGS Drawing Number 1 Complete Bouguer Anomaly Contours In Pocket at 2 Depth to Rock - Interpreted from End of Report Gravity Data iv, I I...REDUCTION DMAHTC obtained the basic observations for the new stations and reduced them to Simple Bouguer Anomalies (SBA) as described in Appendix A1.0

Exploring the Moon: A Teacher's Guide with Activities for Earth and Space Sciences

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Martel, Linda M. V. (Editor)

1997-01-01

The "Teacher's Guide" tells the story of the Moon's geological history and how scientists try to decipher the story. This background information may be useful reading for students as well. Key facts about the Moon appear on the "Moon ABCs" and "Rock ABCs" pages. These pages were named to emphasize the basic nature of the information. The "Progress in Lunar Science Chart" summarizes our knowledge about the Moon from 1959 to 1997.

[About some medical bibliographical sources of Jacobinic and Napoleonic age].

PubMed

Porro, Alessandro; Franchini, Antonia Francesca; Falconi, Bruno

2011-01-01

The authors analyze some bibliographical sources of jacobinic and Napoleonic age: books and pamphlets published by Stamperia Italiana e Francese in Milan (Lombardy); the Bullettino del Consiglio Subalpino di SanitY, ossia Giornale Fisico-Medico del Piemonte in Turin (Piedmont); some Charles Botta (1766-1837) books (Storia naturale e medica dell 'isola di Corfù; Mémoire du [...] sur la doctrine de Brown; Vicissitudes de l'instruction publique en Piémont depuis l'an VII jusq'au mois de ventose an XI [...]). They are useful to analyse the spreading of John Brown (1735-1788) theories in Italy, during the jacobinic and napoleonic time.

Endnote Web tutorial for BJCVS/RBCCV

PubMed Central

de Oliveira, Marcos Aurélio Barboza; dos Santos, Carlos Alberto; Brandi, Antônio Carlos; Botelho, Paulo Henrique Husseini; Sciarra, Adília Maria Pires; Braile, Domingo Marcolino

2015-01-01

At present, many useful tools for reference management are available for use. They can be either off-line softwares or accessible Websites to all users in the internet. Their target is to facilitate the production of scientific text. But, to accomplish that, the featured bibliographic style should be effectively inserted, and the program has to be free. Here in this tutorial, we present Endnote Web®, a bibliographic reference management program comprising these two requirements: it contains the Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery reference format and its use is free for charge after sign-in in IP registered terminal in Web of Science®. PMID:26107457

Computer Information Project for Monographs at the Medical Research Library of Brooklyn

PubMed Central

Koch, Michael S.; Kovacs, Helen

1973-01-01

The article describes a resource library's computer-based project that provides cataloging and other bibliographic services and promotes greater use of the book collection. A few studies are cited to show the significance of monographic literature in medical libraries. The educational role of the Medical Research Library of Brooklyn is discussed, both with regard to the parent institution and to smaller medical libraries in the same geographic area. Types of aid given to smaller libraries are enumerated. Information is given on methods for providing machine-produced catalog cards, current awareness notes, and bibliographic lists. Actualities and potentialities of the computer project are discussed. PMID:4579767

Mining the literature: new methods to exploit keyword profiles

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Bibliographic records in the PubMed database of biomedical literature are annotated with Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) by curators, which summarize the content of the articles. Two recent publications explain how to generate profiles of MeSH terms for a set of bibliographic records and to use them to define any given concept by its associated literature. These concepts can then be related by their keyword profiles, and this can be used, for example, to detect new associations between genes and inherited diseases. See related research articles: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/13/249/abstracthttp://genomemedicine.com/content/4/9/75/abstract PMID:23114100

[Music as a resource in care for hospitalized children: a possible intervention?].

PubMed

Ferreira, Caroline Cristina Moreira; Remedi, Patrícia Pereira; de Lima, Regina Aparecida Garcia

2006-01-01

This bibliographic study involved the Medline and LILACS databases as well as non-systematized searches and covered the period from 1994 to 2004. We aimed to analyze the bibliographic production on pediatric nursing and music, in order to identify current knowledge in this area. Our analysis revealed 3 units of meaning: the setting, interventions and repercussions. The results disclose the benefits music can offer to hospitalized children, their family members and health teams. We observed that music can be used in hospitals as a low-cost, nonpharmacological and noninvasive intervention, promoting development processes with a view to the health of children, families and workers.

Geochemical characteristics of charnockite and high grade gneisses from Southern Peninsular Shield and their significance in crustal evolution

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sugavanam, E. B.; Vidyadharan, K. T.

1988-01-01

Presented here are the results of detailed investigations encompassing externsive structural mapping in the charnockite-high grade gneiss terrain of North Arcot district and the type area in Pallavaram in Tamil Nadu supported by petrography, mineral chemistry, major, minor and REE distribution patterns in various lithounits. This has helped in understanding the evolutionary history of the southern peninsular shield. A possible tectonic model is also suggested. The results of these studies are compared with similar rock types from parts of Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Sri Lanka, Lapland and Nigeria which has brought about a well defined correlation in geochemical characteristics. The area investigated has an interbanded sequence of thick pile of charnockite and a supracrustal succession of shelf type sediments, layered igneous complex, basic and ultrabasic rocks involved in a complex structural, tectonic, igneous and metamorphic events.

The Apollo 17 samples: The Massifs and landslide

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ryder, Graham

1992-01-01

More than 50 kg of rock and regolith samples, a little less than half the total Apollo 17 sample mass, was collected from the highland stations at Taurus-Littrow. Twice as much material was collected from the North Massif as from the South Massif and its landslide (the apparent disproportionate collecting at the mare sites is mainly a reflection of the large size of a few individual basalt samples). Descriptions of the collection, documentation, and nature of the samples are given. A comprehensive catalog is currently being produced. Many of the samples have been intensely studied over the last 20 years and some of the rocks have become very familiar and depicted in popular works, particularly the dunite clast (72415), the troctolite sample (76535), and the station 6 boulder samples. Most of the boulder samples have been studied in Consortium mode, and many of the rake samples have received a basic petrological/geochemical characterization.

PRE-ORE POTASSIUM METASOMATISM, CREEDE MINING DISTRICT, COLORADO.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bethke, P.M.; Rye, R.O.; Barton, P.B.

1985-01-01

Rhyolitic welded-tuff wallrocks of the epithermal base and precious metal veins of the Creede district were pervasively altered by the addition of more than two billion metric tons of potassium some 1. 5-2 million years before mineralization. Sodium, calcium and magnesium were strongly depleted, yielding a nearly binary quartz plus potassium feldspar assemblage containing as much as 13 weight percent K//2O. This large-scale metasomatism, originally noted by Steven and Rattle (1965), took place progressively by initial alteration of plagioclase phenocrysts to orthoclase or microcline followed by alteration of the groundmass feldspar to orthoclase and gradual change of the sanidine phenocrysts to more Or-rich compositions. Oxygen isotope and chemical studies show that the metasomatism resulted from the interaction of the tuffs with deeply circulating heated ground water and suggest that the potassium metasomatism of rhyolitic rocks is the facies equivalent of propylitization of volcanic rocks of more basic composition.

Summaries of FY 1994 geosciences research

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1994-12-01

The Geosciences Research Program is directed by the Department of Energy`s (DOE`s) Office of Energy Research (OER) through its Office of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES). Activities in the Geosciences Research Program are directed toward the long-term fundamental knowledge of the processes that transport, modify, concentrate, and emplace (1) the energy and mineral resources of the earth and (2) the energy byproducts of man. The Program is divided into five broad categories: Geophysics and earth dynamics; Geochemistry; Energy resource recognition, evaluation, and utilization; Hydrogeology and exogeochemistry; and Solar-terrestrial interactions. The summaries in this document, prepared by the investigators, describe the scopemore » of the individual programs in these main areas and their subdivisions including earth dynamics, properties of earth materials, rock mechanics, underground imaging, rock-fluid interactions, continental scientific drilling, geochemical transport, solar/atmospheric physics, and modeling, with emphasis on the interdisciplinary areas.« less