Sample records for building codes

  1. An international survey of building energy codes and their implementation

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Evans, Meredydd; Roshchanka, Volha; Graham, Peter

    Buildings are key to low-carbon development everywhere, and many countries have introduced building energy codes to improve energy efficiency in buildings. Yet, building energy codes can only deliver results when the codes are implemented. For this reason, studies of building energy codes need to consider implementation of building energy codes in a consistent and comprehensive way. This research identifies elements and practices in implementing building energy codes, covering codes in 22 countries that account for 70% of global energy demand from buildings. Access to benefits of building energy codes depends on comprehensive coverage of buildings by type, age, size, andmore » geographic location; an implementation framework that involves a certified agency to inspect construction at critical stages; and independently tested, rated, and labeled building energy materials. Training and supporting tools are another element of successful code implementation, and their role is growing in importance, given the increasing flexibility and complexity of building energy codes. Some countries have also introduced compliance evaluation and compliance checking protocols to improve implementation. This article provides examples of practices that countries have adopted to assist with implementation of building energy codes.« less

  2. Country Report on Building Energy Codes in Australia

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Shui, Bin; Evans, Meredydd; Somasundaram, Sriram

    2009-04-02

    This report is part of a series of reports on building energy efficiency codes in countries associated with the Asian Pacific Partnership (APP) - Australia, South Korea, Japan, China, India, and the United States of America (U.S.). This reports gives an overview of the development of building energy codes in Australia, including national energy policies related to building energy codes, history of building energy codes, recent national projects and activities to promote building energy codes. The report also provides a review of current building energy codes (such as building envelope, HVAC, and lighting) for commercial and residential buildings in Australia.

  3. 24 CFR 941.203 - Design and construction standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... national building code, such as Uniform Building Code, Council of American Building Officials Code, or Building Officials Conference of America Code; (2) Applicable State and local laws, codes, ordinances, and... intended to serve. Building design and construction shall strive to encourage in residents a proprietary...

  4. 7 CFR 4274.337 - Other regulatory requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... with the seismic provisions of one of the following model building codes or the latest edition of that...) Uniform Building Code; (ii) 1993 Building Officials and Code Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA) National Building Code; or (iii) 1992 Amendments to the Southern Building Code Congress International...

  5. 7 CFR 4274.337 - Other regulatory requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... with the seismic provisions of one of the following model building codes or the latest edition of that...) Uniform Building Code; (ii) 1993 Building Officials and Code Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA) National Building Code; or (iii) 1992 Amendments to the Southern Building Code Congress International...

  6. 24 CFR 941.203 - Design and construction standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... national building code, such as Uniform Building Code, Council of American Building Officials Code, or Building Officials Conference of America Code; (2) Applicable State and local laws, codes, ordinances, and... intended to serve. Building design and construction shall strive to encourage in residents a proprietary...

  7. 41 CFR 128-1.8005 - Seismic safety standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... the model building codes that the Interagency Committee on Seismic Safety in Construction (ICSSC...) Uniform Building Code (UBC); (2) The 1992 Supplement to the Building Officials and Code Administrators International (BOCA) National Building Code (NBC); and (3) The 1992 Amendments to the Southern Building Code...

  8. 7 CFR 4274.337 - Other regulatory requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... with the seismic provisions of one of the following model building codes or the latest edition of that...) Uniform Building Code; (ii) 1993 Building Officials and Code Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA) National Building Code; or (iii) 1992 Amendments to the Southern Building Code Congress International...

  9. 41 CFR 128-1.8005 - Seismic safety standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... the model building codes that the Interagency Committee on Seismic Safety in Construction (ICSSC...) Uniform Building Code (UBC); (2) The 1992 Supplement to the Building Officials and Code Administrators International (BOCA) National Building Code (NBC); and (3) The 1992 Amendments to the Southern Building Code...

  10. 41 CFR 128-1.8005 - Seismic safety standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... the model building codes that the Interagency Committee on Seismic Safety in Construction (ICSSC...) Uniform Building Code (UBC); (2) The 1992 Supplement to the Building Officials and Code Administrators International (BOCA) National Building Code (NBC); and (3) The 1992 Amendments to the Southern Building Code...

  11. 41 CFR 128-1.8005 - Seismic safety standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... the model building codes that the Interagency Committee on Seismic Safety in Construction (ICSSC...) Uniform Building Code (UBC); (2) The 1992 Supplement to the Building Officials and Code Administrators International (BOCA) National Building Code (NBC); and (3) The 1992 Amendments to the Southern Building Code...

  12. 12 CFR 1807.503 - Project completion.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... applicable: One of three model codes (Uniform Building Code (ICBO), National Building Code (BOCA), Standard (Southern) Building Code (SBCCI)); or the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) one or two family... must meet the current edition of the Model Energy Code published by the Council of American Building...

  13. 12 CFR 1807.503 - Project completion.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... applicable: One of three model codes (Uniform Building Code (ICBO), National Building Code (BOCA), Standard (Southern) Building Code (SBCCI)); or the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) one or two family... must meet the current edition of the Model Energy Code published by the Council of American Building...

  14. 12 CFR 1807.503 - Project completion.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... applicable: One of three model codes (Uniform Building Code (ICBO), National Building Code (BOCA), Standard (Southern) Building Code (SBCCI)); or the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) one or two family... must meet the current edition of the Model Energy Code published by the Council of American Building...

  15. 12 CFR 1807.503 - Project completion.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... applicable: One of three model codes (Uniform Building Code (ICBO), National Building Code (BOCA), Standard (Southern) Building Code (SBCCI)); or the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) one or two family... must meet the current edition of the Model Energy Code published by the Council of American Building...

  16. Country Report on Building Energy Codes in Canada

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Shui, Bin; Evans, Meredydd

    2009-04-06

    This report is part of a series of reports on building energy efficiency codes in countries associated with the Asian Pacific Partnership (APP) - Australia, South Korea, Japan, China, India, and the United States of America . This reports gives an overview of the development of building energy codes in Canada, including national energy policies related to building energy codes, history of building energy codes, recent national projects and activities to promote building energy codes. The report also provides a review of current building energy codes (such as building envelope, HVAC, lighting, and water heating) for commercial and residential buildingsmore » in Canada.« less

  17. An international survey of building energy codes and their implementation

    DOE PAGES

    Evans, Meredydd; Roshchanka, Volha; Graham, Peter

    2017-08-01

    Buildings are key to low-carbon development everywhere, and many countries have introduced building energy codes to improve energy efficiency in buildings. Yet, building energy codes can only deliver results when the codes are implemented. For this reason, studies of building energy codes need to consider implementation of building energy codes in a consistent and comprehensive way. This research identifies elements and practices in implementing building energy codes, covering codes in 22 countries that account for 70% of global energy use in buildings. These elements and practices include: comprehensive coverage of buildings by type, age, size, and geographic location; an implementationmore » framework that involves a certified agency to inspect construction at critical stages; and building materials that are independently tested, rated, and labeled. Training and supporting tools are another element of successful code implementation. Some countries have also introduced compliance evaluation studies, which suggested that tightening energy requirements would only be meaningful when also addressing gaps in implementation (Pitt&Sherry, 2014; U.S. DOE, 2016b). Here, this article provides examples of practices that countries have adopted to assist with implementation of building energy codes.« less

  18. An international survey of building energy codes and their implementation

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Evans, Meredydd; Roshchanka, Volha; Graham, Peter

    Buildings are key to low-carbon development everywhere, and many countries have introduced building energy codes to improve energy efficiency in buildings. Yet, building energy codes can only deliver results when the codes are implemented. For this reason, studies of building energy codes need to consider implementation of building energy codes in a consistent and comprehensive way. This research identifies elements and practices in implementing building energy codes, covering codes in 22 countries that account for 70% of global energy use in buildings. These elements and practices include: comprehensive coverage of buildings by type, age, size, and geographic location; an implementationmore » framework that involves a certified agency to inspect construction at critical stages; and building materials that are independently tested, rated, and labeled. Training and supporting tools are another element of successful code implementation. Some countries have also introduced compliance evaluation studies, which suggested that tightening energy requirements would only be meaningful when also addressing gaps in implementation (Pitt&Sherry, 2014; U.S. DOE, 2016b). Here, this article provides examples of practices that countries have adopted to assist with implementation of building energy codes.« less

  19. Tribal Green Building Administrative Code Example

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This Tribal Green Building Administrative Code Example can be used as a template for technical code selection (i.e., building, electrical, plumbing, etc.) to be adopted as a comprehensive building code.

  20. A long-term, integrated impact assessment of alternative building energy code scenarios in China

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Yu, Sha; Eom, Jiyong; Evans, Meredydd

    2014-04-01

    China is the second largest building energy user in the world, ranking first and third in residential and commercial energy consumption. Beginning in the early 1980s, the Chinese government has developed a variety of building energy codes to improve building energy efficiency and reduce total energy demand. This paper studies the impact of building energy codes on energy use and CO2 emissions by using a detailed building energy model that represents four distinct climate zones each with three building types, nested in a long-term integrated assessment framework GCAM. An advanced building stock module, coupled with the building energy model, ismore » developed to reflect the characteristics of future building stock and its interaction with the development of building energy codes in China. This paper also evaluates the impacts of building codes on building energy demand in the presence of economy-wide carbon policy. We find that building energy codes would reduce Chinese building energy use by 13% - 22% depending on building code scenarios, with a similar effect preserved even under the carbon policy. The impact of building energy codes shows regional and sectoral variation due to regionally differentiated responses of heating and cooling services to shell efficiency improvement.« less

  1. 24 CFR 92.251 - Property standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ..., as applicable, one of three model codes: Uniform Building Code (ICBO), National Building Code (BOCA), Standard (Southern) Building Code (SBCCI); or the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) one or two...) Housing that is constructed or rehabilitated with HOME funds must meet all applicable local codes...

  2. 24 CFR 92.251 - Property standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ..., as applicable, one of three model codes: Uniform Building Code (ICBO), National Building Code (BOCA), Standard (Southern) Building Code (SBCCI); or the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) one or two...) Housing that is constructed or rehabilitated with HOME funds must meet all applicable local codes...

  3. 24 CFR 92.251 - Property standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ..., as applicable, one of three model codes: Uniform Building Code (ICBO), National Building Code (BOCA), Standard (Southern) Building Code (SBCCI); or the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) one or two...) Housing that is constructed or rehabilitated with HOME funds must meet all applicable local codes...

  4. 24 CFR 92.251 - Property standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ..., as applicable, one of three model codes: Uniform Building Code (ICBO), National Building Code (BOCA), Standard (Southern) Building Code (SBCCI); or the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) one or two...) Housing that is constructed or rehabilitated with HOME funds must meet all applicable local codes...

  5. Seismic Safety Of Simple Masonry Buildings

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Guadagnuolo, Mariateresa; Faella, Giuseppe

    2008-07-08

    Several masonry buildings comply with the rules for simple buildings provided by seismic codes. For these buildings explicit safety verifications are not compulsory if specific code rules are fulfilled. In fact it is assumed that their fulfilment ensures a suitable seismic behaviour of buildings and thus adequate safety under earthquakes. Italian and European seismic codes differ in the requirements for simple masonry buildings, mostly concerning the building typology, the building geometry and the acceleration at site. Obviously, a wide percentage of buildings assumed simple by codes should satisfy the numerical safety verification, so that no confusion and uncertainty have tomore » be given rise to designers who must use the codes. This paper aims at evaluating the seismic response of some simple unreinforced masonry buildings that comply with the provisions of the new Italian seismic code. Two-story buildings, having different geometry, are analysed and results from nonlinear static analyses performed by varying the acceleration at site are presented and discussed. Indications on the congruence between code rules and results of numerical analyses performed according to the code itself are supplied and, in this context, the obtained result can provide a contribution for improving the seismic code requirements.« less

  6. 24 CFR 200.925c - Model codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... below. (1) Model Building Codes—(i) The BOCA National Building Code, 1993 Edition, The BOCA National..., Administration, for the Building, Plumbing and Mechanical Codes and the references to fire retardant treated wood... number 2 (Chapter 7) of the Building Code, but including the Appendices of the Code. Available from...

  7. 24 CFR 200.925c - Model codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... below. (1) Model Building Codes—(i) The BOCA National Building Code, 1993 Edition, The BOCA National..., Administration, for the Building, Plumbing and Mechanical Codes and the references to fire retardant treated wood... number 2 (Chapter 7) of the Building Code, but including the Appendices of the Code. Available from...

  8. 24 CFR 200.925c - Model codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... below. (1) Model Building Codes—(i) The BOCA National Building Code, 1993 Edition, The BOCA National..., Administration, for the Building, Plumbing and Mechanical Codes and the references to fire retardant treated wood... number 2 (Chapter 7) of the Building Code, but including the Appendices of the Code. Available from...

  9. 42 CFR 52b.12 - What are the minimum requirements of construction and equipment?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ...-8400). (3) ICBO “Uniform Building Code,” Volumes 1-3 (1997). International Conference of Building...-4406). (4) BOCA National Building Code (1996) 1998 Supplement, Building Officials and Code... Southern Building Code Congress (SBCC), 900 Montclair Road, Birmingham, AL 35213-1206 (telephone 205-591...

  10. 42 CFR 52b.12 - What are the minimum requirements of construction and equipment?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ...-8400). (3) ICBO “Uniform Building Code,” Volumes 1-3 (1997). International Conference of Building...-4406). (4) BOCA National Building Code (1996) 1998 Supplement, Building Officials and Code... Southern Building Code Congress (SBCC), 900 Montclair Road, Birmingham, AL 35213-1206 (telephone 205-591...

  11. 42 CFR 52b.12 - What are the minimum requirements of construction and equipment?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ...-8400). (3) ICBO “Uniform Building Code,” Volumes 1-3 (1997). International Conference of Building...-4406). (4) BOCA National Building Code (1996) 1998 Supplement, Building Officials and Code... Southern Building Code Congress (SBCC), 900 Montclair Road, Birmingham, AL 35213-1206 (telephone 205-591...

  12. Building Energy Codes: Policy Overview and Good Practices

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Cox, Sadie

    2016-02-19

    Globally, 32% of total final energy consumption is attributed to the building sector. To reduce energy consumption, energy codes set minimum energy efficiency standards for the building sector. With effective implementation, building energy codes can support energy cost savings and complementary benefits associated with electricity reliability, air quality improvement, greenhouse gas emission reduction, increased comfort, and economic and social development. This policy brief seeks to support building code policymakers and implementers in designing effective building code programs.

  13. Kayenta Township Building & Safety Department, Tribal Green Building Code Summit Presentation

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    Tribal Green Building Code Summit Presentation by Kayenta Township Building & Safety Department showing how they established the building department, developed a code adoption and enforcement process, and hired staff to carry out the work.

  14. 7 CFR Exhibit E to Subpart A of... - Voluntary National Model Building Codes

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Voluntary National Model Building Codes E Exhibit E... National Model Building Codes The following documents address the health and safety aspects of buildings and related structures and are voluntary national model building codes as defined in § 1924.4(h)(2) of...

  15. 7 CFR Exhibit E to Subpart A of... - Voluntary National Model Building Codes

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2014-01-01 2013-01-01 true Voluntary National Model Building Codes E Exhibit E to... Model Building Codes The following documents address the health and safety aspects of buildings and related structures and are voluntary national model building codes as defined in § 1924.4(h)(2) of this...

  16. 7 CFR Exhibit E to Subpart A of... - Voluntary National Model Building Codes

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Voluntary National Model Building Codes E Exhibit E... National Model Building Codes The following documents address the health and safety aspects of buildings and related structures and are voluntary national model building codes as defined in § 1924.4(h)(2) of...

  17. Energy Savings Analysis of the Proposed NYStretch-Energy Code 2018

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Liu, Bing; Zhang, Jian; Chen, Yan

    This study was conducted by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in support of the stretch energy code development led by the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA). In 2017 NYSERDA developed its 2016 Stretch Code Supplement to the 2016 New York State Energy Conservation Construction Code (hereinafter referred to as “NYStretch-Energy”). NYStretch-Energy is intended as a model energy code for statewide voluntary adoption that anticipates other code advancements culminating in the goal of a statewide Net Zero Energy Code by 2028. Since then, NYSERDA continues to develop the NYStretch-Energy Code 2018 edition. To support the effort,more » PNNL conducted energy simulation analysis to quantify the energy savings of proposed commercial provisions of the NYStretch-Energy Code (2018) in New York. The focus of this project is the 20% improvement over existing commercial model energy codes. A key requirement of the proposed stretch code is that it be ‘adoptable’ as an energy code, meaning that it must align with current code scope and limitations, and primarily impact building components that are currently regulated by local building departments. It is largely limited to prescriptive measures, which are what most building departments and design projects are most familiar with. This report describes a set of energy-efficiency measures (EEMs) that demonstrate 20% energy savings over ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2013 (ASHRAE 2013) across a broad range of commercial building types and all three climate zones in New York. In collaboration with New Building Institute, the EEMs were developed from national model codes and standards, high-performance building codes and standards, regional energy codes, and measures being proposed as part of the on-going code development process. PNNL analyzed these measures using whole building energy models for selected prototype commercial buildings and multifamily buildings representing buildings in New York. Section 2 of this report describes the analysis methodology, including the building types and construction area weights update for this analysis, the baseline, and the method to conduct the energy saving analysis. Section 3 provides detailed specifications of the EEMs and bundles. Section 4 summarizes the results of individual EEMs and EEM bundles by building type, energy end-use and climate zone. Appendix A documents detailed descriptions of the selected prototype buildings. Appendix B provides energy end-use breakdown results by building type for both the baseline code and stretch code in all climate zones.« less

  18. 38 CFR 39.63 - Architectural design standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 5000, Building Construction and Safety Code, and the 2002 edition of the National Electrical Code, NFPA... 5000, Building Construction and Safety Code. Where the adopted codes state conflicting requirements... the standards set forth in this section, all applicable local and State building codes and regulations...

  19. 38 CFR 39.63 - Architectural design standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 5000, Building Construction and Safety Code, and the 2002 edition of the National Electrical Code, NFPA... 5000, Building Construction and Safety Code. Where the adopted codes state conflicting requirements... the standards set forth in this section, all applicable local and State building codes and regulations...

  20. 38 CFR 39.63 - Architectural design standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 5000, Building Construction and Safety Code, and the 2002 edition of the National Electrical Code, NFPA... 5000, Building Construction and Safety Code. Where the adopted codes state conflicting requirements... the standards set forth in this section, all applicable local and State building codes and regulations...

  1. Impacts of Model Building Energy Codes

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Athalye, Rahul A.; Sivaraman, Deepak; Elliott, Douglas B.

    The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Building Energy Codes Program (BECP) periodically evaluates national and state-level impacts associated with energy codes in residential and commercial buildings. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), funded by DOE, conducted an assessment of the prospective impacts of national model building energy codes from 2010 through 2040. A previous PNNL study evaluated the impact of the Building Energy Codes Program; this study looked more broadly at overall code impacts. This report describes the methodology used for the assessment and presents the impacts in terms of energy savings, consumer cost savings, and reduced CO 2 emissions atmore » the state level and at aggregated levels. This analysis does not represent all potential savings from energy codes in the U.S. because it excludes several states which have codes which are fundamentally different from the national model energy codes or which do not have state-wide codes. Energy codes follow a three-phase cycle that starts with the development of a new model code, proceeds with the adoption of the new code by states and local jurisdictions, and finishes when buildings comply with the code. The development of new model code editions creates the potential for increased energy savings. After a new model code is adopted, potential savings are realized in the field when new buildings (or additions and alterations) are constructed to comply with the new code. Delayed adoption of a model code and incomplete compliance with the code’s requirements erode potential savings. The contributions of all three phases are crucial to the overall impact of codes, and are considered in this assessment.« less

  2. 24 CFR 578.75 - General operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... assistance under this part must meet State or local building codes, and in the absence of State or local building codes, the International Residential Code or International Building Code (as applicable to the type of structure) of the International Code Council. (2) Services provided with assistance under this...

  3. 24 CFR 578.75 - General operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... assistance under this part must meet State or local building codes, and in the absence of State or local building codes, the International Residential Code or International Building Code (as applicable to the type of structure) of the International Code Council. (2) Services provided with assistance under this...

  4. National Cost-effectiveness of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2010 Compared to ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Thornton, Brian; Halverson, Mark A.; Myer, Michael

    Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) completed this project for the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Building Energy Codes Program (BECP). DOE’s BECP supports upgrading building energy codes and standards, and the states’ adoption, implementation, and enforcement of upgraded codes and standards. Building energy codes and standards set minimum requirements for energy-efficient design and construction for new and renovated buildings, and impact energy use and greenhouse gas emissions for the life of buildings. Continuous improvement of building energy efficiency is achieved by periodically upgrading energy codes and standards. Ensuring that changes in the code that may alter costs (for building components,more » initial purchase and installation, replacement, maintenance and energy) are cost-effective encourages their acceptance and implementation. ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1 is the energy standard for commercial and multi-family residential buildings over three floors.« less

  5. Cost-effectiveness of ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2010 Compared to ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Thornton, Brian A.; Halverson, Mark A.; Myer, Michael

    Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) completed this project for the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Building Energy Codes Program (BECP). DOE’s BECP supports upgrading building energy codes and standards, and the states’ adoption, implementation, and enforcement of upgraded codes and standards. Building energy codes and standards set minimum requirements for energy-efficient design and construction for new and renovated buildings, and impact energy use and greenhouse gas emissions for the life of buildings. Continuous improvement of building energy efficiency is achieved by periodically upgrading energy codes and standards. Ensuring that changes in the code that may alter costs (for building components,more » initial purchase and installation, replacement, maintenance and energy) are cost-effective encourages their acceptance and implementation. ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1 is the energy standard for commercial and multi-family residential buildings over three floors.« less

  6. 41 CFR 102-80.85 - Are Federally owned and leased buildings exempt from State and local code requirements in fire...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... leased buildings exempt from State and local code requirements in fire protection? 102-80.85 Section 102... Fire Prevention State and Local Codes § 102-80.85 Are Federally owned and leased buildings exempt from State and local code requirements in fire protection? Federally owned buildings are generally exempt...

  7. 41 CFR 102-80.85 - Are Federally owned and leased buildings exempt from State and local code requirements in fire...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... leased buildings exempt from State and local code requirements in fire protection? 102-80.85 Section 102... Fire Prevention State and Local Codes § 102-80.85 Are Federally owned and leased buildings exempt from State and local code requirements in fire protection? Federally owned buildings are generally exempt...

  8. 41 CFR 102-80.85 - Are Federally owned and leased buildings exempt from State and local code requirements in fire...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... leased buildings exempt from State and local code requirements in fire protection? 102-80.85 Section 102... Fire Prevention State and Local Codes § 102-80.85 Are Federally owned and leased buildings exempt from State and local code requirements in fire protection? Federally owned buildings are generally exempt...

  9. 41 CFR 102-80.85 - Are Federally owned and leased buildings exempt from State and local code requirements in fire...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... leased buildings exempt from State and local code requirements in fire protection? 102-80.85 Section 102... Fire Prevention State and Local Codes § 102-80.85 Are Federally owned and leased buildings exempt from State and local code requirements in fire protection? Federally owned buildings are generally exempt...

  10. 41 CFR 102-80.85 - Are Federally owned and leased buildings exempt from State and local code requirements in fire...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... leased buildings exempt from State and local code requirements in fire protection? 102-80.85 Section 102... Fire Prevention State and Local Codes § 102-80.85 Are Federally owned and leased buildings exempt from State and local code requirements in fire protection? Federally owned buildings are generally exempt...

  11. Implementation of Energy Code Controls Requirements in New Commercial Buildings

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Rosenberg, Michael I.; Hart, Philip R.; Hatten, Mike

    Most state energy codes in the United States are based on one of two national model codes; ANSI/ASHRAE/IES 90.1 (Standard 90.1) or the International Code Council (ICC) International Energy Conservation Code (IECC). Since 2004, covering the last four cycles of Standard 90.1 updates, about 30% of all new requirements have been related to building controls. These requirements can be difficult to implement and verification is beyond the expertise of most building code officials, yet the assumption in studies that measure the savings from energy codes is that they are implemented and working correctly. The objective of the current research ismore » to evaluate the degree to which high impact controls requirements included in commercial energy codes are properly designed, commissioned and implemented in new buildings. This study also evaluates the degree to which these control requirements are realizing their savings potential. This was done using a three-step process. The first step involved interviewing commissioning agents to get a better understanding of their activities as they relate to energy code required controls measures. The second involved field audits of a sample of commercial buildings to determine whether the code required control measures are being designed, commissioned and correctly implemented and functioning in new buildings. The third step includes compilation and analysis of the information gather during the first two steps. Information gathered during these activities could be valuable to code developers, energy planners, designers, building owners, and building officials.« less

  12. Building a Better Campus: An Update on Building Codes.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Madden, Michael J.

    2002-01-01

    Discusses the implications for higher education institutions in terms of facility planning, design, construction, and renovation of the move from regionally-developed model-building codes to two international sets of codes. Also addresses the new performance-based design option within the codes. (EV)

  13. A MODEL BUILDING CODE ARTICLE ON FALLOUT SHELTERS WITH RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INCLUSION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR FALLOUT SHELTER CONSTRUCTION IN FOUR NATIONAL MODEL BUILDING CODES.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    American Inst. of Architects, Washington, DC.

    A MODEL BUILDING CODE FOR FALLOUT SHELTERS WAS DRAWN UP FOR INCLUSION IN FOUR NATIONAL MODEL BUILDING CODES. DISCUSSION IS GIVEN OF FALLOUT SHELTERS WITH RESPECT TO--(1) NUCLEAR RADIATION, (2) NATIONAL POLICIES, AND (3) COMMUNITY PLANNING. FALLOUT SHELTER REQUIREMENTS FOR SHIELDING, SPACE, VENTILATION, CONSTRUCTION, AND SERVICES SUCH AS ELECTRICAL…

  14. 7 CFR Exhibit E to Subpart A of... - Voluntary National Model Building Codes

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... National Model Building Codes The following documents address the health and safety aspects of buildings... International, Inc., 4051 West Flossmoor Road, Country Club Hills, Illinois 60477. 2 Southern Building Code Congress International, Inc., 900 Montclair Road, Birmingham, Alabama 35213-1206. 3 International...

  15. 7 CFR Exhibit E to Subpart A of... - Voluntary National Model Building Codes

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Voluntary National Model Building Codes E Exhibit E... HOUSING SERVICE, RURAL BUSINESS-COOPERATIVE SERVICE, RURAL UTILITIES SERVICE, AND FARM SERVICE AGENCY... National Model Building Codes The following documents address the health and safety aspects of buildings...

  16. 7 CFR 1792.103 - Seismic design and construction standards for new buildings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... Seismic Regulation for New Buildings. (b) Each of the following model codes or standards provides a level...) 548-2723. Fax: (703) 295-6211. (3) 2003 International Code Council (ICC) International Building Code... buildings. 1792.103 Section 1792.103 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued...

  17. 7 CFR 1792.103 - Seismic design and construction standards for new buildings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... Seismic Regulation for New Buildings. (b) Each of the following model codes or standards provides a level...) 548-2723. Fax: (703) 295-6211. (3) 2003 International Code Council (ICC) International Building Code... buildings. 1792.103 Section 1792.103 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued...

  18. 7 CFR 1792.103 - Seismic design and construction standards for new buildings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Seismic Regulation for New Buildings. (b) Each of the following model codes or standards provides a level...) 548-2723. Fax: (703) 295-6211. (3) 2003 International Code Council (ICC) International Building Code... buildings. 1792.103 Section 1792.103 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued...

  19. 7 CFR 1792.103 - Seismic design and construction standards for new buildings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Seismic Regulation for New Buildings. (b) Each of the following model codes or standards provides a level...) 548-2723. Fax: (703) 295-6211. (3) 2003 International Code Council (ICC) International Building Code... buildings. 1792.103 Section 1792.103 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued...

  20. Potential Job Creation in Rhode Island as a Result of Adopting New Residential Building Energy Codes

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Scott, Michael J.; Niemeyer, Jackie M.

    Are there advantages to states that adopt the most recent model building energy codes other than saving energy? For example, can the construction activity and energy savings associated with code-compliant housing units become significant sources of job creation for states if new building energy codes are adopted to cover residential construction? , The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Building Energy Codes Program (BECP) asked Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to research and ascertain whether jobs would be created in individual states based on their adoption of model building energy codes. Each state in the country is dealing with high levelsmore » of unemployment, so job creation has become a top priority. Many programs have been created to combat unemployment with various degrees of failure and success. At the same time, many states still have not yet adopted the most current versions of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) model building energy code, when doing so could be a very effective tool in creating jobs to assist states in recovering from this economic downturn.« less

  1. Potential Job Creation in Minnesota as a Result of Adopting New Residential Building Energy Codes

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Scott, Michael J.; Niemeyer, Jackie M.

    Are there advantages to states that adopt the most recent model building energy codes other than saving energy? For example, can the construction activity and energy savings associated with code-compliant housing units become significant sources of job creation for states if new building energy codes are adopted to cover residential construction? , The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Building Energy Codes Program (BECP) asked Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to research and ascertain whether jobs would be created in individual states based on their adoption of model building energy codes. Each state in the country is dealing with high levelsmore » of unemployment, so job creation has become a top priority. Many programs have been created to combat unemployment with various degrees of failure and success. At the same time, many states still have not yet adopted the most current versions of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) model building energy code, when doing so could be a very effective tool in creating jobs to assist states in recovering from this economic downturn.« less

  2. Potential Job Creation in Tennessee as a Result of Adopting New Residential Building Energy Codes

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Scott, Michael J.; Niemeyer, Jackie M.

    Are there advantages to states that adopt the most recent model building energy codes other than saving energy? For example, can the construction activity and energy savings associated with code-compliant housing units become significant sources of job creation for states if new building energy codes are adopted to cover residential construction? , The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Building Energy Codes Program (BECP) asked Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to research and ascertain whether jobs would be created in individual states based on their adoption of model building energy codes. Each state in the country is dealing with high levelsmore » of unemployment, so job creation has become a top priority. Many programs have been created to combat unemployment with various degrees of failure and success. At the same time, many states still have not yet adopted the most current versions of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) model building energy code, when doing so could be a very effective tool in creating jobs to assist states in recovering from this economic downturn.« less

  3. Potential Job Creation in Nevada as a Result of Adopting New Residential Building Energy Codes

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Scott, Michael J.; Niemeyer, Jackie M.

    Are there advantages to states that adopt the most recent model building energy codes other than saving energy? For example, can the construction activity and energy savings associated with code-compliant housing units become significant sources of job creation for states if new building energy codes are adopted to cover residential construction? , The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Building Energy Codes Program (BECP) asked Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to research and ascertain whether jobs would be created in individual states based on their adoption of model building energy codes. Each state in the country is dealing with high levelsmore » of unemployment, so job creation has become a top priority. Many programs have been created to combat unemployment with various degrees of failure and success. At the same time, many states still have not yet adopted the most current versions of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) model building energy code, when doing so could be a very effective tool in creating jobs to assist states in recovering from this economic downturn.« less

  4. SAFETY IN THE DESIGN OF SCIENCE LABORATORIES AND BUILDING CODES.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    HOROWITZ, HAROLD

    THE DESIGN OF COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY BUILDINGS USED FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND EDUCATION IS DISCUSSED IN TERMS OF LABORATORY SAFETY AND BUILDING CODES AND REGULATIONS. MAJOR TOPIC AREAS ARE--(1) SAFETY RELATED DESIGN FEATURES OF SCIENCE LABORATORIES, (2) LABORATORY SAFETY AND BUILDING CODES, AND (3) EVIDENCE OF UNSAFE DESIGN. EXAMPLES EMPHASIZE…

  5. A Comparative Study on Seismic Analysis of Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) with Other Building Codes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bari, Md. S.; Das, T.

    2013-09-01

    Tectonic framework of Bangladesh and adjoining areas indicate that Bangladesh lies well within an active seismic zone. The after effect of earthquake is more severe in an underdeveloped and a densely populated country like ours than any other developed countries. Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) was first established in 1993 to provide guidelines for design and construction of new structure subject to earthquake ground motions in order to minimize the risk to life for all structures. A revision of BNBC 1993 is undergoing to make this up to date with other international building codes. This paper aims at the comparison of various provisions of seismic analysis as given in building codes of different countries. This comparison will give an idea regarding where our country stands when it comes to safety against earth quake. Primarily, various seismic parameters in BNBC 2010 (draft) have been studied and compared with that of BNBC 1993. Later, both 1993 and 2010 edition of BNBC codes have been compared graphically with building codes of other countries such as National Building Code of India 2005 (NBC-India 2005), American Society of Civil Engineering 7-05 (ASCE 7-05). The base shear/weight ratios have been plotted against the height of the building. The investigation in this paper reveals that BNBC 1993 has the least base shear among all the codes. Factored Base shear values of BNBC 2010 are found to have increased significantly than that of BNBC 1993 for low rise buildings (≤20 m) around the country than its predecessor. Despite revision of the code, BNBC 2010 (draft) still suggests less base shear values when compared to the Indian and American code. Therefore, this increase in factor of safety against the earthquake imposed by the proposed BNBC 2010 code by suggesting higher values of base shear is appreciable.

  6. Mandating better buildings: a global review of building codes and prospects for improvement in the United States

    DOE PAGES

    Sun, Xiaojing; Brown, Marilyn A.; Cox, Matt; ...

    2015-03-11

    This paper provides a global overview of the design, implementation, and evolution of building energy codes. Reflecting alternative policy goals, building energy codes differ significantly across the United States, the European Union, and China. This review uncovers numerous innovative practices including greenhouse gas emissions caps per square meter of building space, energy performance certificates with retrofit recommendations, and inclusion of renewable energy to achieve “nearly zero-energy buildings”. These innovations motivated an assessment of an aggressive commercial building code applied to all US states, requiring both new construction and buildings with major modifications to comply with the latest version of themore » ASHRAE 90.1 Standards. Using the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS), we estimate that by 2035, such building codes in the United States could reduce energy for space heating, cooling, water heating and lighting in commercial buildings by 16%, 15%, 20% and 5%, respectively. Impacts on different fuels and building types, energy rates and bills as well as pollution emission reductions are also examined.« less

  7. National Tribal Building Codes Summit

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    National Tribal Building Codes summit statement developed to support tribes interested in adopting green and culturally-appropriate building systems to ensure safe, sustainable, affordable, and culturally-appropriate buildings on tribal lands.

  8. The Influence of Building Codes on Recreation Facility Design.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Morrison, Thomas A.

    1989-01-01

    Implications of building codes upon design and construction of recreation facilities are investigated (national building codes, recreation facility standards, and misperceptions of design requirements). Recreation professionals can influence architectural designers to correct past deficiencies, but they must understand architectural and…

  9. Building Standards and Codes for Energy Conservation

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gross, James G.; Pierlert, James H.

    1977-01-01

    Current activity intended to lead to energy conservation measures in building codes and standards is reviewed by members of the Office of Building Standards and Codes Services of the National Bureau of Standards. For journal availability see HE 508 931. (LBH)

  10. Preserving Envelope Efficiency in Performance Based Code Compliance

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Thornton, Brian A.; Sullivan, Greg P.; Rosenberg, Michael I.

    2015-06-20

    The City of Seattle 2012 Energy Code (Seattle 2014), one of the most progressive in the country, is under revision for its 2015 edition. Additionally, city personnel participate in the development of the next generation of the Washington State Energy Code and the International Energy Code. Seattle has pledged carbon neutrality by 2050 including buildings, transportation and other sectors. The United States Department of Energy (DOE), through Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) provided technical assistance to Seattle in order to understand the implications of one potential direction for its code development, limiting trade-offs of long-lived building envelope components less stringentmore » than the prescriptive code envelope requirements by using better-than-code but shorter-lived lighting and heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) components through the total building performance modeled energy compliance path. Weaker building envelopes can permanently limit building energy performance even as lighting and HVAC components are upgraded over time, because retrofitting the envelope is less likely and more expensive. Weaker building envelopes may also increase the required size, cost and complexity of HVAC systems and may adversely affect occupant comfort. This report presents the results of this technical assistance. The use of modeled energy code compliance to trade-off envelope components with shorter-lived building components is not unique to Seattle and the lessons and possible solutions described in this report have implications for other jurisdictions and energy codes.« less

  11. Development of probabilistic multimedia multipathway computer codes.

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Yu, C.; LePoire, D.; Gnanapragasam, E.

    2002-01-01

    The deterministic multimedia dose/risk assessment codes RESRAD and RESRAD-BUILD have been widely used for many years for evaluation of sites contaminated with residual radioactive materials. The RESRAD code applies to the cleanup of sites (soils) and the RESRAD-BUILD code applies to the cleanup of buildings and structures. This work describes the procedure used to enhance the deterministic RESRAD and RESRAD-BUILD codes for probabilistic dose analysis. A six-step procedure was used in developing default parameter distributions and the probabilistic analysis modules. These six steps include (1) listing and categorizing parameters; (2) ranking parameters; (3) developing parameter distributions; (4) testing parameter distributionsmore » for probabilistic analysis; (5) developing probabilistic software modules; and (6) testing probabilistic modules and integrated codes. The procedures used can be applied to the development of other multimedia probabilistic codes. The probabilistic versions of RESRAD and RESRAD-BUILD codes provide tools for studying the uncertainty in dose assessment caused by uncertain input parameters. The parameter distribution data collected in this work can also be applied to other multimedia assessment tasks and multimedia computer codes.« less

  12. 25 CFR 900.125 - What shall a construction contract proposal contain?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... tribal building codes and engineering standards; (4) Structural integrity; (5) Accountability of funds..., standards and methods (including national, regional, state, or tribal building codes or construction... methods (including national, regional, state, or tribal building codes or construction industry standards...

  13. 25 CFR 900.125 - What shall a construction contract proposal contain?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... tribal building codes and engineering standards; (4) Structural integrity; (5) Accountability of funds..., standards and methods (including national, regional, state, or tribal building codes or construction... methods (including national, regional, state, or tribal building codes or construction industry standards...

  14. 25 CFR 900.125 - What shall a construction contract proposal contain?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... tribal building codes and engineering standards; (4) Structural integrity; (5) Accountability of funds..., standards and methods (including national, regional, state, or tribal building codes or construction... methods (including national, regional, state, or tribal building codes or construction industry standards...

  15. 25 CFR 900.125 - What shall a construction contract proposal contain?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... tribal building codes and engineering standards; (4) Structural integrity; (5) Accountability of funds..., standards and methods (including national, regional, state, or tribal building codes or construction... methods (including national, regional, state, or tribal building codes or construction industry standards...

  16. 25 CFR 900.125 - What shall a construction contract proposal contain?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... tribal building codes and engineering standards; (4) Structural integrity; (5) Accountability of funds..., standards and methods (including national, regional, state, or tribal building codes or construction... methods (including national, regional, state, or tribal building codes or construction industry standards...

  17. 78 FR 18321 - International Code Council: The Update Process for the International Codes and Standards

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-26

    ... for Residential Construction in High Wind Regions. ICC 700: National Green Building Standard The..., coordinated, and necessary to regulate the built environment. Federal agencies frequently use these codes and... International Codes and Standards consist of the following: ICC Codes International Building Code. International...

  18. 75 FR 19944 - International Code Council: The Update Process for the International Codes and Standards

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-04-16

    ... for Residential Construction in High Wind Areas. ICC 700: National Green Building Standard. The... Codes and Standards that are comprehensive, coordinated, and necessary to regulate the built environment... International Codes and Standards consist of the following: ICC Codes International Building Code. International...

  19. 24 CFR 200.926 - Minimum property standards for one and two family dwellings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... property is to be located. (c) Standard for evaluating local or state building codes. The Secretary shall compare a local building code submitted under paragraph (d) of this section or a State code to the list of... each area and subarea on the list. (2) A State or local building code will be partially accepted if it...

  20. 24 CFR 200.926 - Minimum property standards for one and two family dwellings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... property is to be located. (c) Standard for evaluating local or state building codes. The Secretary shall compare a local building code submitted under paragraph (d) of this section or a State code to the list of... each area and subarea on the list. (2) A State or local building code will be partially accepted if it...

  1. 24 CFR 200.926 - Minimum property standards for one and two family dwellings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... property is to be located. (c) Standard for evaluating local or state building codes. The Secretary shall compare a local building code submitted under paragraph (d) of this section or a State code to the list of... each area and subarea on the list. (2) A State or local building code will be partially accepted if it...

  2. 28 CFR 36.606 - Effect of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes... the question of whether equipment in a building built according to the code satisfies the Act's... buildings and facilities that comply with the certified code. A submitting official may reapply for...

  3. 28 CFR 36.606 - Effect of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes... the question of whether equipment in a building built according to the code satisfies the Act's... buildings and facilities that comply with the certified code. A submitting official may reapply for...

  4. 28 CFR 36.606 - Effect of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes... the question of whether equipment in a building built according to the code satisfies the Act's... buildings and facilities that comply with the certified code. A submitting official may reapply for...

  5. 28 CFR 36.606 - Effect of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes... the question of whether equipment in a building built according to the code satisfies the Act's... buildings and facilities that comply with the certified code. A submitting official may reapply for...

  6. Continuation of research into language concepts for the mission support environment: Source code

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Barton, Timothy J.; Ratner, Jeremiah M.

    1991-01-01

    Research into language concepts for the Mission Control Center is presented. A computer code for source codes is presented. The file contains the routines which allow source code files to be created and compiled. The build process assumes that all elements and the COMP exist in the current directory. The build process places as much code generation as possible on the preprocessor as possible. A summary is given of the source files as used and/or manipulated by the build routine.

  7. 38 CFR 39.63 - Architectural design standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Association Life Safety Code and Errata (NFPA 101), the 2003 edition of the NFPA 5000, Building Construction... section, all applicable local and State building codes and regulations must be observed. In areas not subject to local or State building codes, the recommendations contained in the 2003 edition of the NFPA...

  8. Increasing Flexibility in Energy Code Compliance: Performance Packages

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Hart, Philip R.; Rosenberg, Michael I.

    Energy codes and standards have provided significant increases in building efficiency over the last 38 years, since the first national energy code was published in late 1975. The most commonly used path in energy codes, the prescriptive path, appears to be reaching a point of diminishing returns. As the code matures, the prescriptive path becomes more complicated, and also more restrictive. It is likely that an approach that considers the building as an integrated system will be necessary to achieve the next real gains in building efficiency. Performance code paths are increasing in popularity; however, there remains a significant designmore » team overhead in following the performance path, especially for smaller buildings. This paper focuses on development of one alternative format, prescriptive packages. A method to develop building-specific prescriptive packages is reviewed based on a multiple runs of prototypical building models that are used to develop parametric decision analysis to determines a set of packages with equivalent energy performance. The approach is designed to be cost-effective and flexible for the design team while achieving a desired level of energy efficiency performance. A demonstration of the approach based on mid-sized office buildings with two HVAC system types is shown along with a discussion of potential applicability in the energy code process.« less

  9. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Rosenberg, Michael; Jonlin, Duane; Nadel, Steven

    Today’s building energy codes focus on prescriptive requirements for features of buildings that are directly controlled by the design and construction teams and verifiable by municipal inspectors. Although these code requirements have had a significant impact, they fail to influence a large slice of the building energy use pie – including not only miscellaneous plug loads, cooking equipment and commercial/industrial processes, but the maintenance and optimization of the code-mandated systems as well. Currently, code compliance is verified only through the end of construction, and there are no limits or consequences for the actual energy use in an occupied building. Inmore » the future, our suite of energy regulations will likely expand to include building efficiency, energy use or carbon emission budgets over their full life cycle. Intelligent building systems, extensive renewable energy, and a transition from fossil fuel to electric heating systems will likely be required to meet ultra-low-energy targets. This paper lays out the authors’ perspectives on how buildings may evolve over the course of the 21st century and the roles that codes and regulations will play in shaping those buildings of the future.« less

  10. 26 CFR 1.42-5 - Monitoring compliance with low-income housing credit requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... be required to retain the original local health, safety, or building code violation reports or... account local health, safety, and building codes (or other habitability standards), and the State or local government unit responsible for making local health, safety, or building code inspections did not issue a...

  11. 41 CFR 102-76.10 - What basic design and construction policy governs Federal agencies?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    .... (c) Follow nationally recognized model building codes and other applicable nationally recognized codes that govern Federal construction to the maximum extent feasible and consider local building code requirements. (See 40 U.S.C. 3310 and 3312.) (d) Design Federal buildings to have a long life expectancy and...

  12. Building codes : obstacle or opportunity?

    Treesearch

    Alberto Goetzl; David B. McKeever

    1999-01-01

    Building codes are critically important in the use of wood products for construction. The codes contain regulations that are prescriptive or performance related for various kinds of buildings and construction types. A prescriptive standard might dictate that a particular type of material be used in a given application. A performance standard requires that a particular...

  13. 26 CFR 1.42-5 - Monitoring compliance with low-income housing credit requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... be required to retain the original local health, safety, or building code violation reports or... account local health, safety, and building codes (or other habitability standards), and the State or local government unit responsible for making local health, safety, or building code inspections did not issue a...

  14. Residential Building Energy Code Field Study

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    R. Bartlett, M. Halverson, V. Mendon, J. Hathaway, Y. Xie

    This document presents a methodology for assessing baseline energy efficiency in new single-family residential buildings and quantifying related savings potential. The approach was developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Building Energy Codes Program with the objective of assisting states as they assess energy efficiency in residential buildings and implementation of their building energy codes, as well as to target areas for improvement through energy codes and broader energy-efficiency programs. It is also intended to facilitate a consistent and replicable approach to research studies of this type and establish a transparent data setmore » to represent baseline construction practices across U.S. states.« less

  15. Building codes: An often overlooked determinant of health.

    PubMed

    Chauvin, James; Pauls, Jake; Strobl, Linda

    2016-05-01

    Although the vast majority of the world's population spends most of their time in buildings, building codes are not often thought of as 'determinants of health'. The standards that govern the design, construction, and use of buildings affect our health, security, safety, and well-being. This is true for dwellings, schools, and universities, shopping centers, places of recreation, places of worship, health-care facilities, and workplaces. We urge proactive engagement by the global public health community in developing these codes, and in the design and implementation of health protection and health promotion activities intended to reduce the risk of injury, disability, and death, particularly when due to poor building code adoption/adaption, application, and enforcement.

  16. Overcoming Codes and Standards Barriers to Innovations in Building Energy Efficiency

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Cole, Pamala C.; Gilbride, Theresa L.

    2015-02-15

    In this journal article, the authors discuss approaches to overcoming building code barriers to energy-efficiency innovations in home construction. Building codes have been a highly motivational force for increasing the energy efficiency of new homes in the United States in recent years. But as quickly as the codes seem to be changing, new products are coming to the market at an even more rapid pace, sometimes offering approaches and construction techniques unthought of when the current code was first proposed, which might have been several years before its adoption by various jurisdictions. Due to this delay, the codes themselves canmore » become barriers to innovations that might otherwise be helping to further increase the efficiency, comfort, health or durability of new homes. . The U.S. Department of Energy’s Building America, a program dedicated to improving the energy efficiency of America’s housing stock through research and education, is working with the U.S. housing industry through its research teams to help builders identify and remove code barriers to innovation in the home construction industry. The article addresses several approaches that builders use to achieve approval for innovative building techniques when code barriers appear to exist.« less

  17. 76 FR 13101 - Building Energy Codes Program: Presenting and Receiving Comments to DOE Proposed Changes to the...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-10

    .... The IgCC is intended to provide a green model building code provisions for new and existing commercial... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY 10 CFR Part 430 [Docket No. EERE-2011-BT-BC-0009] Building Energy Codes Program: Presenting and Receiving Comments to DOE Proposed Changes to the International Green Construction...

  18. 44 CFR 71.4 - Documentation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... evidence that the structure was not in compliance with the building code at the time it was built; and (2... evidence that the structure was not in compliance with the building code at the time it was built; and (2... structure and found no evidence that the structure was not in compliance with the building code at the time...

  19. 44 CFR 71.4 - Documentation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... evidence that the structure was not in compliance with the building code at the time it was built; and (2... evidence that the structure was not in compliance with the building code at the time it was built; and (2... structure and found no evidence that the structure was not in compliance with the building code at the time...

  20. 44 CFR 71.4 - Documentation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... evidence that the structure was not in compliance with the building code at the time it was built; and (2... evidence that the structure was not in compliance with the building code at the time it was built; and (2... structure and found no evidence that the structure was not in compliance with the building code at the time...

  1. 44 CFR 71.4 - Documentation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... evidence that the structure was not in compliance with the building code at the time it was built; and (2... evidence that the structure was not in compliance with the building code at the time it was built; and (2... structure and found no evidence that the structure was not in compliance with the building code at the time...

  2. 44 CFR 71.4 - Documentation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... evidence that the structure was not in compliance with the building code at the time it was built; and (2... evidence that the structure was not in compliance with the building code at the time it was built; and (2... structure and found no evidence that the structure was not in compliance with the building code at the time...

  3. 24 CFR 200.926c - Model code provisions for use in partially accepted code jurisdictions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... jurisdictions. If a lender or other interested party is notified that a State or local building code has been... in accordance with the applicable State or local building code, plus those additional requirements... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Model code provisions for use in...

  4. 24 CFR 200.926c - Model code provisions for use in partially accepted code jurisdictions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... jurisdictions. If a lender or other interested party is notified that a State or local building code has been... in accordance with the applicable State or local building code, plus those additional requirements... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Model code provisions for use in...

  5. 24 CFR 200.926c - Model code provisions for use in partially accepted code jurisdictions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... jurisdictions. If a lender or other interested party is notified that a State or local building code has been... in accordance with the applicable State or local building code, plus those additional requirements... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Model code provisions for use in...

  6. Developing Performance Cost Index Targets for ASHRAE Standard 90.1 Appendix G – Performance Rating Method

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Rosenberg, Michael I.; Hart, Philip R.

    2016-02-16

    Appendix G, the Performance Rating Method in ASHRAE Standard 90.1 has been updated to make two significant changes for the 2016 edition, to be published in October of 2016. First, it allows Appendix G to be used as a third path for compliance with the standard in addition to rating beyond code building performance. This prevents modelers from having to develop separate building models for code compliance and beyond code programs. Using this new version of Appendix G to show compliance with the 2016 edition of the standard, the proposed building design needs to have a performance cost index (PCI)more » less than targets shown in a new table based on building type and climate zone. The second change is that the baseline design is now fixed at a stable level of performance set approximately equal to the 2004 code. Rather than changing the stringency of the baseline with each subsequent edition of the standard, compliance with new editions will simply require a reduced PCI (a PCI of zero is a net-zero building). Using this approach, buildings of any era can be rated using the same method. The intent is that any building energy code or beyond code program can use this methodology and merely set the appropriate PCI target for their needs. This report discusses the process used to set performance criteria for compliance with ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2016 and suggests a method for demonstrating compliance with other codes and beyond code programs.« less

  7. Developing Performance Cost Index Targets for ASHRAE Standard 90.1 Appendix G – Performance Rating Method - Rev.1

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Rosenberg, Michael I.; Hart, Philip R.

    2016-03-01

    Appendix G, the Performance Rating Method in ASHRAE Standard 90.1 has been updated to make two significant changes for the 2016 edition, to be published in October of 2016. First, it allows Appendix G to be used as a third path for compliance with the standard in addition to rating beyond code building performance. This prevents modelers from having to develop separate building models for code compliance and beyond code programs. Using this new version of Appendix G to show compliance with the 2016 edition of the standard, the proposed building design needs to have a performance cost index (PCI)more » less than targets shown in a new table based on building type and climate zone. The second change is that the baseline design is now fixed at a stable level of performance set approximately equal to the 2004 code. Rather than changing the stringency of the baseline with each subsequent edition of the standard, compliance with new editions will simply require a reduced PCI (a PCI of zero is a net-zero building). Using this approach, buildings of any era can be rated using the same method. The intent is that any building energy code or beyond code program can use this methodology and merely set the appropriate PCI target for their needs. This report discusses the process used to set performance criteria for compliance with ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2016 and suggests a method for demonstrating compliance with other codes and beyond code programs.« less

  8. 41 CFR 102-80.80 - With what general accident and fire prevention policy must Federal agencies comply?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... maximum extent feasible, comply with one of the nationally recognized model building codes and with other nationally-recognized codes in their construction or alteration of each building in accordance with 40 U.S.C. 3312; and (f) Use the applicable national codes and standards as a guide for their building operations...

  9. 41 CFR 102-80.80 - With what general accident and fire prevention policy must Federal agencies comply?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... maximum extent feasible, comply with one of the nationally recognized model building codes and with other nationally-recognized codes in their construction or alteration of each building in accordance with 40 U.S.C. 3312; and (f) Use the applicable national codes and standards as a guide for their building operations...

  10. 41 CFR 102-80.80 - With what general accident and fire prevention policy must Federal agencies comply?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... maximum extent feasible, comply with one of the nationally recognized model building codes and with other nationally-recognized codes in their construction or alteration of each building in accordance with 40 U.S.C. 3312; and (f) Use the applicable national codes and standards as a guide for their building operations...

  11. 41 CFR 102-80.80 - With what general accident and fire prevention policy must Federal agencies comply?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... maximum extent feasible, comply with one of the nationally recognized model building codes and with other nationally-recognized codes in their construction or alteration of each building in accordance with 40 U.S.C. 3312; and (f) Use the applicable national codes and standards as a guide for their building operations...

  12. Innovation and Standardization in School Building: A Proposal for the National Code in Italy.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ridolfi, Giuseppe

    This document discusses the University of Florence's experience and concepts as it developed the research to define a proposal for designing a new national school building code. Section 1 examines the current school building code and the Italian Reform Process in Education between 1960 and 2000. Section 2 details and explains the new school…

  13. Automating RPM Creation from a Source Code Repository

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-02-01

    apps/usr --with- libpq=/apps/ postgres make rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT umask 0077 mkdir -p $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/usr/local/bin mkdir -p $RPM_BUILD_ROOT...from a source code repository. %pre %prep %setup %build ./autogen.sh ; ./configure --with-db=/apps/db --with-libpq=/apps/ postgres make

  14. Through the Past Decade: How Advanced Energy Design Guides have influenced the Design Industry

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Liu, Bing; Athalye, Rahul A.

    Advanced Energy Design Guides (AEDGs) were originally developed intended to provide a simple approach to building professionals seeking energy efficient building designs better than ASHRAE Standard 90.1. Since its first book was released in 2004, the AEDG series provided inspiration for the design industry and were seen by designers as a starting point for buildings that wished to go beyond minimum codes and standards. In addition, U.S. Department of Energy’s successful Commercial Building Partnerships (CBP) program leveraged many of the recommendations from the AEDGs to achieve 50% energy savings over ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2004 for prototypical designs of large commercial entitiesmore » in the retail, banking and lodging sectors. Low-energy technologies and strategies developed during the CBP process have been applied by commercial partners throughout their national portfolio of buildings. Later, the AEDGs served as the perfect platform for both Standard 90.1 and ASHRAE’s high performance buildings standard, Standard 189.1. What was high performance a few years ago, however, has become minimum code today. Indeed, most of the prescriptive envelope component requirements in ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2013 are values recommended in the 50% AEDGs several years ago. Similarly, AEDG strategies and recommendations have penetrated the lighting and HVAC sections of both Standard 189.1 and Standard 90.1. Finally, as we look to the future of codes and standards, the AEDGs are serving as a blueprint for how minimum code requirements could be expressed. By customizing codes to specific building types, design strategies tailored for individual buildings could be prescribed as minimum code, just like in the AEDGs. This paper describes the impact that AEDGs have had over the last decade on the design industry and how they continue to influence the future of codes and Standards. From design professionals to code officials, everyone in the building industry has been affected by the AEDGs.« less

  15. Performance-based building codes: a call for injury prevention indicators that bridge health and building sectors.

    PubMed

    Edwards, N

    2008-10-01

    The international introduction of performance-based building codes calls for a re-examination of indicators used to monitor their implementation. Indicators used in the building sector have a business orientation, target the life cycle of buildings, and guide asset management. In contrast, indicators used in the health sector focus on injury prevention, have a behavioural orientation, lack specificity with respect to features of the built environment, and do not take into account patterns of building use or building longevity. Suggestions for metrics that bridge the building and health sectors are discussed. The need for integrated surveillance systems in health and building sectors is outlined. It is time to reconsider commonly used epidemiological indicators in the field of injury prevention and determine their utility to address the accountability requirements of performance-based codes.

  16. Revision of seismic design codes corresponding to building damages in the ``5.12'' Wenchuan earthquake

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wang, Yayong

    2010-06-01

    A large number of buildings were seriously damaged or collapsed in the “5.12” Wenchuan earthquake. Based on field surveys and studies of damage to different types of buildings, seismic design codes have been updated. This paper briefly summarizes some of the major revisions that have been incorporated into the “Standard for classification of seismic protection of building constructions GB50223-2008” and “Code for Seismic Design of Buildings GB50011-2001.” The definition of seismic fortification class for buildings has been revisited, and as a result, the seismic classifications for schools, hospitals and other buildings that hold large populations such as evacuation shelters and information centers have been upgraded in the GB50223-2008 Code. The main aspects of the revised GB50011-2001 code include: (a) modification of the seismic intensity specified for the Provinces of Sichuan, Shanxi and Gansu; (b) basic conceptual design for retaining walls and building foundations in mountainous areas; (c) regularity of building configuration; (d) integration of masonry structures and pre-cast RC floors; (e) requirements for calculating and detailing stair shafts; and (f) limiting the use of single-bay RC frame structures. Some significant examples of damage in the epicenter areas are provided as a reference in the discussion on the consequences of collapse, the importance of duplicate structural systems, and the integration of RC and masonry structures.

  17. Child Care Services and the NYS Uniform Fire Prevention and Building Code: A Building Code Examination of Child Day Care Services Which Are Regulated by the NYS Department of Social Services with Particular Attention to Day Care Centers and the Role of the Local Authority Having Jurisdiction.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    New York State Div. of Code Enforcement and Administration, Albany.

    This course manual details the Uniform Fire Prevention and Building Code of New York State and how it affects child care services, particularly day care centers. The sections of the manual, each detailing a part of the code, are: (1) Introduction, Scope, Registration, and Definitions and Facilities Regulated by the New York Department of Social…

  18. Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment for Iraq

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Onur, Tuna; Gok, Rengin; Abdulnaby, Wathiq

    Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessments (PSHA) form the basis for most contemporary seismic provisions in building codes around the world. The current building code of Iraq was published in 1997. An update to this edition is in the process of being released. However, there are no national PSHA studies in Iraq for the new building code to refer to for seismic loading in terms of spectral accelerations. As an interim solution, the new draft building code was considering to refer to PSHA results produced in the late 1990s as part of the Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program (GSHAP; Giardini et al.,more » 1999). However these results are: a) more than 15 years outdated, b) PGA-based only, necessitating rough conversion factors to calculate spectral accelerations at 0.3s and 1.0s for seismic design, and c) at a probability level of 10% chance of exceedance in 50 years, not the 2% that the building code requires. Hence there is a pressing need for a new, updated PSHA for Iraq.« less

  19. Building Energy Efficiency in India: Compliance Evaluation of Energy Conservation Building Code

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Yu, Sha; Evans, Meredydd; Delgado, Alison

    India is experiencing unprecedented construction boom. The country doubled its floorspace between 2001 and 2005 and is expected to add 35 billion m2 of new buildings by 2050. Buildings account for 35% of total final energy consumption in India today, and building energy use is growing at 8% annually. Studies have shown that carbon policies will have little effect on reducing building energy demand. Chaturvedi et al. predicted that, if there is no specific sectoral policies to curb building energy use, final energy demand of the Indian building sector will grow over five times by the end of this century,more » driven by rapid income and population growth. The growing energy demand in buildings is accompanied by a transition from traditional biomass to commercial fuels, particularly an increase in electricity use. This also leads to a rapid increase in carbon emissions and aggravates power shortage in India. Growth in building energy use poses challenges to the Indian government. To curb energy consumption in buildings, the Indian government issued the Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) in 2007, which applies to commercial buildings with a connected load of 100 kW or 120kVA. It is predicted that the implementation of ECBC can help save 25-40% of energy, compared to reference buildings without energy-efficiency measures. However, the impact of ECBC depends on the effectiveness of its enforcement and compliance. Currently, the majority of buildings in India are not ECBC-compliant. The United Nations Development Programme projected that code compliance in India would reach 35% by 2015 and 64% by 2017. Whether the projected targets can be achieved depends on how the code enforcement system is designed and implemented. Although the development of ECBC lies in the hands of the national government – the Bureau of Energy Efficiency under the Ministry of Power, the adoption and implementation of ECBC largely relies on state and local governments. Six years after ECBC’s enactment, only two states and one territory out of 35 Indian states and union territories formally adopted ECBC and six additional states are in the legislative process of approving ECBC. There are several barriers that slow down the process. First, stakeholders, such as architects, developers, and state and local governments, lack awareness of building energy efficiency, and do not have enough capacity and resources to implement ECBC. Second, institution for implementing ECBC is not set up yet; ECBC is not included in local building by-laws or incorporated into the building permit process. Third, there is not a systematic approach to measuring and verifying compliance and energy savings, and thus the market does not have enough confidence in ECBC. Energy codes achieve energy savings only when projects comply with codes, yet only few countries measure compliance consistently and periodic checks often indicate poor compliance in many jurisdictions. China and the U.S. appear to be two countries with comprehensive systems in code enforcement and compliance The United States recently developed methodologies measuring compliance with building energy codes at the state level. China has an annual survey investigating code compliance rate at the design and construction stages in major cities. Like many developing countries, India has only recently begun implementing an energy code and would benefit from international experience on code compliance. In this paper, we examine lessons learned from the U.S. and China on compliance assessment and how India can apply these lessons to develop its own compliance evaluation approach. This paper also provides policy suggestions to national, state, and local governments to improve compliance and speed up ECBC implementation.« less

  20. Improving building energy efficiency in India: State-level analysis of building energy efficiency policies

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Yu, Sha; Tan, Qing; Evans, Meredydd

    India is expected to add 40 billion m2 of new buildings till 2050. Buildings are responsible for one third of India’s total energy consumption today and building energy use is expected to continue growing driven by rapid income and population growth. The implementation of the Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) is one of the measures to improve building energy efficiency. Using the Global Change Assessment Model, this study assesses growth in the buildings sector and impacts of building energy policies in Gujarat, which would help the state adopt ECBC and expand building energy efficiency programs. Without building energy policies, buildingmore » energy use in Gujarat would grow by 15 times in commercial buildings and 4 times in urban residential buildings between 2010 and 2050. ECBC improves energy efficiency in commercial buildings and could reduce building electricity use in Gujarat by 20% in 2050, compared to the no policy scenario. Having energy codes for both commercial and residential buildings could result in additional 10% savings in electricity use. To achieve these intended savings, it is critical to build capacity and institution for robust code implementation.« less

  1. 28 CFR 36.601 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.601... means a State law or local building code or similar ordinance, or part thereof, that establishes... designee. Certification of equivalency means a final certification that a code meets or exceeds the minimum...

  2. 28 CFR 36.601 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.601... means a State law or local building code or similar ordinance, or part thereof, that establishes... designee. Certification of equivalency means a final certification that a code meets or exceeds the minimum...

  3. 28 CFR 36.601 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.601... means a State law or local building code or similar ordinance, or part thereof, that establishes... designee. Certification of equivalency means a final certification that a code meets or exceeds the minimum...

  4. A comparison of IBC with 1997 UBC for modal response spectrum analysis in standard-occupancy buildings

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nahhas, Tariq M.

    2011-03-01

    This paper presents a comparison of the seismic forces generated from a Modal Response Spectrum Analysis (MRSA) by applying the provisions of two building codes, the 1997 Uniform Building Code (UBC) and the 2000-2009 International Building Code (IBC), to the most common ordinary residential buildings of standard occupancy. Considering IBC as the state of the art benchmark code, the primary concern is the safety of buildings designed using the UBC as compared to those designed using the IBC. A sample of four buildings with different layouts and heights was used for this comparison. Each of these buildings was assumed to be located at four different geographical sample locations arbitrarily selected to represent various earthquake zones on a seismic map of the USA, and was subjected to code-compliant response spectrum analyses for all sample locations and for five different soil types at each location. Response spectrum analysis was performed using the ETABS software package. For all the cases investigated, the UBC was found to be significantly more conservative than the IBC. The UBC design response spectra have higher spectral accelerations, and as a result, the response spectrum analysis provided a much higher base shear and moment in the structural members as compared to the IBC. The conclusion is that ordinary office and residential buildings designed using UBC 1997 are considered to be overdesigned, and therefore they are quite safe even according to the IBC provisions.

  5. 28 CFR 36.607 - Effect of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes... the question of whether equipment in a building built according to the code satisfies the Act's... equivalency only with respect to those features or elements that are both covered by the certified code and...

  6. 76 FR 64924 - Updating State Residential Building Energy Efficiency Codes

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-19

    ...) considers high-rise (greater than three stories) multifamily residential buildings and hotel, motel, and..., duplexes, townhouses, row houses, and low-rise multifamily buildings (not greater than three stories) such... pumps as compared to other electric heating technologies, this code change is expected to increase the...

  7. 42 CFR 137.328 - Must a construction project proposal incorporate provisions of Federal construction guidelines...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ..., the Self-Governance Tribe and the Secretary must agree upon and specify appropriate building codes and...-Governance Tribe in the preparation of its construction project proposal. If Tribal construction codes and standards (including national, regional, State, or Tribal building codes or construction industry standards...

  8. 42 CFR 137.328 - Must a construction project proposal incorporate provisions of Federal construction guidelines...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ..., the Self-Governance Tribe and the Secretary must agree upon and specify appropriate building codes and...-Governance Tribe in the preparation of its construction project proposal. If Tribal construction codes and standards (including national, regional, State, or Tribal building codes or construction industry standards...

  9. 42 CFR 137.328 - Must a construction project proposal incorporate provisions of Federal construction guidelines...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ..., the Self-Governance Tribe and the Secretary must agree upon and specify appropriate building codes and...-Governance Tribe in the preparation of its construction project proposal. If Tribal construction codes and standards (including national, regional, State, or Tribal building codes or construction industry standards...

  10. 42 CFR 137.328 - Must a construction project proposal incorporate provisions of Federal construction guidelines...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ..., the Self-Governance Tribe and the Secretary must agree upon and specify appropriate building codes and...-Governance Tribe in the preparation of its construction project proposal. If Tribal construction codes and standards (including national, regional, State, or Tribal building codes or construction industry standards...

  11. 42 CFR 137.328 - Must a construction project proposal incorporate provisions of Federal construction guidelines...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ..., the Self-Governance Tribe and the Secretary must agree upon and specify appropriate building codes and...-Governance Tribe in the preparation of its construction project proposal. If Tribal construction codes and standards (including national, regional, State, or Tribal building codes or construction industry standards...

  12. 7 CFR 1792.102 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... property will rank below the lien of another entity. Model Code—A building code developed for the adoption of local or state authorities or to be used as the basis of a local or state building code. NEHRP... Federally Assisted New Building Construction § 1792.102 Definitions. As used in this subpart, the following...

  13. 7 CFR 1792.102 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... property will rank below the lien of another entity. Model Code—A building code developed for the adoption of local or state authorities or to be used as the basis of a local or state building code. NEHRP... Federally Assisted New Building Construction § 1792.102 Definitions. As used in this subpart, the following...

  14. 7 CFR 1792.102 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... property will rank below the lien of another entity. Model Code—A building code developed for the adoption of local or state authorities or to be used as the basis of a local or state building code. NEHRP... Federally Assisted New Building Construction § 1792.102 Definitions. As used in this subpart, the following...

  15. 7 CFR 1792.102 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... property will rank below the lien of another entity. Model Code—A building code developed for the adoption of local or state authorities or to be used as the basis of a local or state building code. NEHRP... Federally Assisted New Building Construction § 1792.102 Definitions. As used in this subpart, the following...

  16. 7 CFR 1792.102 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... property will rank below the lien of another entity. Model Code—A building code developed for the adoption of local or state authorities or to be used as the basis of a local or state building code. NEHRP... Federally Assisted New Building Construction § 1792.102 Definitions. As used in this subpart, the following...

  17. Alternative Formats to Achieve More Efficient Energy Codes for Commercial Buildings

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Conover, David R.; Rosenberg, Michael I.; Halverson, Mark A.

    2013-01-26

    This paper identifies and examines several formats or structures that could be used to create the next generation of more efficient energy codes and standards for commercial buildings. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Building Energy Codes Program (BECP) to provide technical support to the development of ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1. While the majority of PNNL’s ASHRAE Standard 90.1 support focuses on developing and evaluating new requirements, a portion of its work involves consideration of the format of energy standards. In its current working plan, the ASHRAE 90.1 committee has approved an energy goalmore » of 50% improvement in Standard 90.1-2013 relative to Standard 90.1-2004, and will likely be considering higher improvement targets for future versions of the standard. To cost-effectively achieve the 50% goal in manner that can gain stakeholder consensus, formats other than prescriptive must be considered. Alternative formats that include reducing the reliance on prescriptive requirements may make it easier to achieve these aggressive efficiency levels in new codes and standards. The focus on energy code and standard formats is meant to explore approaches to presenting the criteria that will foster compliance, enhance verification, and stimulate innovation while saving energy in buildings. New formats may also make it easier for building designers and owners to design and build the levels of efficiency called for in the new codes and standards. This paper examines a number of potential formats and structures, including prescriptive, performance-based (with sub-formats of performance equivalency and performance targets), capacity constraint-based, and outcome-based. The paper also discusses the pros and cons of each format from the viewpoint of code users and of code enforcers.« less

  18. New "Risk-Targeted" Seismic Maps Introduced into Building Codes

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Luco, Nicholas; Garrett, B.; Hayes, J.

    2012-01-01

    Throughout most municipalities of the United States, structural engineers design new buildings using the U.S.-focused International Building Code (IBC). Updated editions of the IBC are published every 3 years. The latest edition (2012) contains new "risk-targeted maximum considered earthquake" (MCER) ground motion maps, which are enabling engineers to incorporate a more consistent and better defined level of seismic safety into their building designs.

  19. Pinoleville Pomo Nation Tribal Green Building Code

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    The Pinoleville Pomo Nation (PPN) worked with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Development Center for Appropriate Technology (DCAT) to create this framework for tribal building codes.

  20. Deregulation of the Building Code and the Norwegian Approach to Regulation of Accessibility in the Built Environment.

    PubMed

    Lyngstad, Pål

    2016-01-01

    Deregulation is on the political agenda in the European countries. The Norwegian building code related to universal design and accessibility is challenged. To meet this, the Norwegian Building Authority have chosen to examine established truths and are basing their revised code on scientific research and field tests. But will this knowledge-based deregulation comply within the framework of the anti-discrimination act and, and if not: who suffers and to what extent?

  1. Potential Energy Cost Savings from Increased Commercial Energy Code Compliance

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Rosenberg, Michael I.; Hart, Philip R.; Athalye, Rahul A.

    2016-08-22

    An important question for commercial energy code compliance is: “How much energy cost savings can better compliance achieve?” This question is in sharp contrast to prior efforts that used a checklist of code requirements, each of which was graded pass or fail. Percent compliance for any given building was simply the percent of individual requirements that passed. A field investigation method is being developed that goes beyond the binary approach to determine how much energy cost savings is not realized. Prototype building simulations were used to estimate the energy cost impact of varying levels of non-compliance for newly constructed officemore » buildings in climate zone 4C. Field data collected from actual buildings on specific conditions relative to code requirements was then applied to the simulation results to find the potential lost energy savings for a single building or for a sample of buildings. This new methodology was tested on nine office buildings in climate zone 4C. The amount of additional energy cost savings they could have achieved had they complied fully with the 2012 International Energy Conservation Code is determined. This paper will present the results of the test, lessons learned, describe follow-on research that is needed to verify that the methodology is both accurate and practical, and discuss the benefits that might accrue if the method were widely adopted.« less

  2. Energy Efficiency Program Administrators and Building Energy Codes

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    Explore how energy efficiency program administrators have helped advance building energy codes at federal, state, and local levels—using technical, institutional, financial, and other resources—and discusses potential next steps.

  3. The international implications of national and local coordination on building energy codes: Case studies in six cities

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Evans, Meredydd; Yu, Sha; Staniszewski, Aaron

    Building energy efficiency is an important strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions globally. In fact, 55 countries have included building energy efficiency in their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement. This research uses building energy code implementation in six cities across different continents as case studies to assess what it may take for countries to implement the ambitions of their energy efficiency goals. Specifically, we look at the cases of Bogota, Colombia; Da Nang, Vietnam; Eskisehir, Turkey; Mexico City, Mexico; Rajkot, India; and Tshwane, South Africa, all of which are “deep dive” cities under the Sustainable Energy formore » All's Building Efficiency Accelerator. The research focuses on understanding the baseline with existing gaps in implementation and coordination. The methodology used a combination of surveys on code status and interviews with stakeholders at the local and national level, as well as review of published documents. We looked at code development, implementation, and evaluation. The cities are all working to improve implementation, however, the challenges they currently face include gaps in resources, capacity, tools, and institutions to check for compliance. Better coordination between national and local governments could help improve implementation, but that coordination is not yet well established. For example, all six of the cities reported that there was little to no involvement of local stakeholders in development of the national code; only one city reported that it had access to national funding to support code implementation. More robust coordination could better link cities with capacity building and funding for compliance, and ensure that the code reflects local priorities. By understanding gaps in implementation, it can also help in designing more targeted interventions to scale up energy savings.« less

  4. The international implications of national and local coordination on building energy codes: Case studies in six cities

    DOE PAGES

    Evans, Meredydd; Yu, Sha; Staniszewski, Aaron; ...

    2018-04-17

    Building energy efficiency is an important strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions globally. In fact, 55 countries have included building energy efficiency in their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement. This research uses building energy code implementation in six cities across different continents as case studies to assess what it may take for countries to implement the ambitions of their energy efficiency goals. Specifically, we look at the cases of Bogota, Colombia; Da Nang, Vietnam; Eskisehir, Turkey; Mexico City, Mexico; Rajkot, India; and Tshwane, South Africa, all of which are “deep dive” cities under the Sustainable Energy formore » All's Building Efficiency Accelerator. The research focuses on understanding the baseline with existing gaps in implementation and coordination. The methodology used a combination of surveys on code status and interviews with stakeholders at the local and national level, as well as review of published documents. We looked at code development, implementation, and evaluation. The cities are all working to improve implementation, however, the challenges they currently face include gaps in resources, capacity, tools, and institutions to check for compliance. Better coordination between national and local governments could help improve implementation, but that coordination is not yet well established. For example, all six of the cities reported that there was little to no involvement of local stakeholders in development of the national code; only one city reported that it had access to national funding to support code implementation. More robust coordination could better link cities with capacity building and funding for compliance, and ensure that the code reflects local priorities. By understanding gaps in implementation, it can also help in designing more targeted interventions to scale up energy savings.« less

  5. Building an ontology of pulmonary diseases with natural language processing tools using textual corpora.

    PubMed

    Baneyx, Audrey; Charlet, Jean; Jaulent, Marie-Christine

    2007-01-01

    Pathologies and acts are classified in thesauri to help physicians to code their activity. In practice, the use of thesauri is not sufficient to reduce variability in coding and thesauri are not suitable for computer processing. We think the automation of the coding task requires a conceptual modeling of medical items: an ontology. Our task is to help lung specialists code acts and diagnoses with software that represents medical knowledge of this concerned specialty by an ontology. The objective of the reported work was to build an ontology of pulmonary diseases dedicated to the coding process. To carry out this objective, we develop a precise methodological process for the knowledge engineer in order to build various types of medical ontologies. This process is based on the need to express precisely in natural language the meaning of each concept using differential semantics principles. A differential ontology is a hierarchy of concepts and relationships organized according to their similarities and differences. Our main research hypothesis is to apply natural language processing tools to corpora to develop the resources needed to build the ontology. We consider two corpora, one composed of patient discharge summaries and the other being a teaching book. We propose to combine two approaches to enrich the ontology building: (i) a method which consists of building terminological resources through distributional analysis and (ii) a method based on the observation of corpus sequences in order to reveal semantic relationships. Our ontology currently includes 1550 concepts and the software implementing the coding process is still under development. Results show that the proposed approach is operational and indicates that the combination of these methods and the comparison of the resulting terminological structures give interesting clues to a knowledge engineer for the building of an ontology.

  6. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    NONE

    This document contains the State Building Energy Codes Status prepared by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC06-76RL01830 and dated September 1996. The U.S. Department of Energy`s Office of Codes and Standards has developed this document to provide an information resource for individuals interested in energy efficiency of buildings and the relevant building energy codes in each state and U.S. territory. This is considered to be an evolving document and will be updated twice a year. In addition, special state updates will be issued as warranted.

  7. Data Collection Handbook to Support Modeling Impacts of Radioactive Material in Soil and Building Structures

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Yu, Charley; Kamboj, Sunita; Wang, Cheng

    2015-09-01

    This handbook is an update of the 1993 version of the Data Collection Handbook and the Radionuclide Transfer Factors Report to support modeling the impact of radioactive material in soil. Many new parameters have been added to the RESRAD Family of Codes, and new measurement methodologies are available. A detailed review of available parameter databases was conducted in preparation of this new handbook. This handbook is a companion document to the user manuals when using the RESRAD (onsite) and RESRAD-OFFSITE code. It can also be used for RESRAD-BUILD code because some of the building-related parameters are included in this handbook.more » The RESRAD (onsite) has been developed for implementing U.S. Department of Energy Residual Radioactive Material Guidelines. Hydrogeological, meteorological, geochemical, geometrical (size, area, depth), crops and livestock, human intake, source characteristic, and building characteristic parameters are used in the RESRAD (onsite) code. The RESRAD-OFFSITE code is an extension of the RESRAD (onsite) code and can also model the transport of radionuclides to locations outside the footprint of the primary contamination. This handbook discusses parameter definitions, typical ranges, variations, and measurement methodologies. It also provides references for sources of additional information. Although this handbook was developed primarily to support the application of RESRAD Family of Codes, the discussions and values are valid for use of other pathway analysis models and codes.« less

  8. BOCA BASIC BUILDING CODE. 4TH ED., 1965 AND 1967. BOCA BASIC BUILDING CODE ACCUMULATIVE SUPPLEMENT.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Building Officials Conference of America, Inc., Chicago, IL.

    NATIONALLY RECOGNIZED STANDARDS FOR THE EVALUATION OF MINIMUM SAFE PRACTICE OR FOR DETERMINING THE PERFORMANCE OF MATERIALS OR SYSTEMS OF CONSTRUCTION HAVE BEEN COMPILED AS AN AID TO DESIGNERS AND LOCAL OFFICIALS. THE CODE PRESENTS REGULATIONS IN TERMS OF MEASURED PERFORMANCE RATHER THAN IN RIGID SPECIFICATION OF MATERIALS OR METHODS. THE AREAS…

  9. Green Building Tools for Tribes

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    Tribal green building tools and funding information to support tribal building code adoption, healthy building, siting, energy efficiency, renewable energy, water conservation, green building materials, recycling and adaptation and resilience.

  10. Capturing Energy-Saving Opportunities: Improving Building Efficiency in Rajasthan through Energy Code Implementation

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Tan, Qing; Yu, Sha; Evans, Meredydd

    2016-05-01

    India adopted the Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) in 2007. Rajasthan is the first state to make ECBC mandatory at the state level. In collaboration with Malaviya National Institute of Technology (MNIT) Jaipur, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) has been working with Rajasthan to facilitate the implementation of ECBC. This report summarizes milestones made in Rajasthan and PNNL's contribution in institutional set-ups, capacity building, compliance enforcement and pilot building construction.

  11. 25 CFR 36.104 - What are the requirements for heating, ventilation, cooling and lighting at dormitories?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... building codes in the Bureau of Indian Affairs “School Facilities Design Handbook,” dated March 30, 2007... any proposal to change which building codes are included in the Bureau of Indian Affairs “School... inspect the Handbook at the Department of the Interior Library, Main Interior Building, 1849 C Street NW...

  12. 25 CFR 36.104 - What are the requirements for heating, ventilation, cooling and lighting at dormitories?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... building codes in the Bureau of Indian Affairs “School Facilities Design Handbook,” dated March 30, 2007... any proposal to change which building codes are included in the Bureau of Indian Affairs “School... inspect the Handbook at the Department of the Interior Library, Main Interior Building, 1849 C Street NW...

  13. 10 CFR 420.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Planning Organization means that organization required by the Department of Transportation, and designated... planning provisions in a Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. Model Energy Code, 1993, including Errata, means the model building code published by the Council of American Building Officials, which is...

  14. 25 CFR 256.10 - When do I qualify for Category C assistance?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... living The dwelling cannot be brought up to applicable building code standards and to standard housing... applicable building code standards and to standard housing condition for $35,000 or less. You do not own a...

  15. 25 CFR 256.10 - When do I qualify for Category C assistance?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... The dwelling cannot be brought up to applicable building code standards and to standard housing... applicable building code standards and to standard housing condition for $35,000 or less. You do not own a...

  16. 25 CFR 256.10 - When do I qualify for Category C assistance?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... living The dwelling cannot be brought up to applicable building code standards and to standard housing... applicable building code standards and to standard housing condition for $35,000 or less. You do not own a...

  17. 25 CFR 256.10 - When do I qualify for Category C assistance?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... living The dwelling cannot be brought up to applicable building code standards and to standard housing... applicable building code standards and to standard housing condition for $35,000 or less. You do not own a...

  18. 25 CFR 256.10 - When do I qualify for Category C assistance?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... living The dwelling cannot be brought up to applicable building code standards and to standard housing... applicable building code standards and to standard housing condition for $35,000 or less. You do not own a...

  19. Energy and Environment Guide to Action - Chapter 4.3: Building Codes for Energy Efficiency

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    Provides guidance and recommendations for establishing, implementing, and evaluating state building codes for energy efficiency, which improve energy efficiency in new construction and major renovations. State success stories are included for reference.

  20. Building a Better Trojan Horse: Emerging Army Roles in Joint Urban Operations

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2001-01-01

    Building a Better Trojan Horse : Emerging Army Roles in Joint Urban Operations A Monograph by MAJ Christopher H. Beckert Infantry, U.S. Army School...xx-xx-2000 to xx-xx-2000 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Building a Better Trojan Horse : Emerging Army Roles in Joint...TELEPHONE NUMBER International Area Code Area Code Telephone Number 703 767-9007 DSN 427-9007 2 Abstract BUILDING A BETTER TROJAN HORSE : EMERGING ARMY

  1. Building code compliance and enforcement: The experience of San Francisco's residential energy conservation ordinance and California's building standards for new construction

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Vine, E.

    1990-11-01

    As part of Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory's (LBL) technical assistance to the Sustainable City Project, compliance and enforcement activities related to local and state building codes for existing and new construction were evaluated in two case studies. The analysis of the City of San Francisco's Residential Energy Conservation Ordinance (RECO) showed that a limited, prescriptive energy conservation ordinance for existing residential construction can be enforced relatively easily with little administrative costs, and that compliance with such ordinances can be quite high. Compliance with the code was facilitated by extensive publicity, an informed public concerned with the cost of energy and knowledgeablemore » about energy efficiency, the threat of punishment (Order of Abatement), the use of private inspectors, and training workshops for City and private inspectors. The analysis of California's Title 24 Standards for new residential and commercial construction showed that enforcement of this type of code for many climate zones is more complex and requires extensive administrative support for education and training of inspectors, architects, engineers, and builders. Under this code, prescriptive and performance approaches for compliance are permitted, resulting in the demand for alternative methods of enforcement: technical assistance, plan review, field inspection, and computer analysis. In contrast to existing to construction, building design and new materials and construction practices are of critical importance in new construction, creating a need for extensive technical assistance and extensive interaction between enforcement personnel and the building community. Compliance problems associated with building design and installation did occur in both residential and nonresidential buildings. 12 refs., 5 tabs.« less

  2. Assessing Potential Energy Cost Savings from Increased Energy Code Compliance in Commercial Buildings

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Rosenberg, Michael I.; Hart, Philip R.; Athalye, Rahul A.

    The US Department of Energy’s most recent commercial energy code compliance evaluation efforts focused on determining a percent compliance rating for states to help them meet requirements under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of 2009. That approach included a checklist of code requirements, each of which was graded pass or fail. Percent compliance for any given building was simply the percent of individual requirements that passed. With its binary approach to compliance determination, the previous methodology failed to answer some important questions. In particular, how much energy cost could be saved by better compliance with the commercial energymore » code and what are the relative priorities of code requirements from an energy cost savings perspective? This paper explores an analytical approach and pilot study using a single building type and climate zone to answer those questions.« less

  3. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Idaho

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Idaho. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2015 Idaho State Code base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Idaho.

  4. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Montana

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Montana. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2014 Montana State Code base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Montana.

  5. 75 FR 20833 - Building Energy Codes

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-04-21

    ... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [Docket No. EERE-2010-BT-BC-0012] Building Energy Codes AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of Energy. ACTION: Request for Information. SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is soliciting...

  6. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Iowa

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Iowa. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2014 Iowa State Code base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Iowa.

  7. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Utah

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Utah. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2012 Utah State Code base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Utah.

  8. Energy Cost Impact of Non-Residential Energy Code Requirements

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Zhang, Jian; Hart, Philip R.; Rosenberg, Michael I.

    2016-08-22

    The 2012 International Energy Conservation Code contains 396 separate requirements applicable to non-residential buildings; however, there is no systematic analysis of the energy cost impact of each requirement. Consequently, limited code department budgets for plan review, inspection, and training cannot be focused on the most impactful items. An inventory and ranking of code requirements based on their potential energy cost impact is under development. The initial phase focuses on office buildings with simple HVAC systems in climate zone 4C. Prototype building simulations were used to estimate the energy cost impact of varying levels of non-compliance. A preliminary estimate of themore » probability of occurrence of each level of non-compliance was combined with the estimated lost savings for each level to rank the requirements according to expected savings impact. The methodology to develop and refine further energy cost impacts, specific to building type, system type, and climate location is demonstrated. As results are developed, an innovative alternative method for compliance verification can focus efforts so only the most impactful requirements from an energy cost perspective are verified for every building and a subset of the less impactful requirements are verified on a random basis across a building population. The results can be further applied in prioritizing training material development and specific areas of building official training.« less

  9. Monitor Network Traffic with Packet Capture (pcap) on an Android Device

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-09-01

    administrative privileges . Under the current design Android development requirement, an Android Graphical User Interface (GUI) application cannot directly...build an Android application to monitor network traffic using open source packet capture (pcap) libraries. 15. SUBJECT TERMS ELIDe, Android , pcap 16...Building Application with Native Codes 5 8.1 Calling Native Codes Using JNI 5 8.2 Calling Native Codes from an Android Application 8 9. Retrieve Live

  10. Building Codes and Regulations.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fisher, John L.

    The hazard of fire is of great concern to libraries due to combustible books and new plastics used in construction and interiors. Building codes and standards can offer architects and planners guidelines to follow but these standards should be closely monitored, updated, and researched for fire prevention. (DS)

  11. Joint China-United States Report for Year 1 Insulation Materials and Systems Project Area Clean Energy Research Center Building Energy Efficiency (CERC-BEE)

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Stovall, Therese K; Biswas, Kaushik; Song, Bo

    In November of 2009, the presidents of China and the U.S. announced the establishment of the Clean Energy Research Center (CERC). This broad research effort is co-funded by both countries and involves a large number of research centers and universities in both countries. One part of this program is focused on improving the energy efficiency of buildings. One portion of the CERC-BEE was focused on building insulation systems. The research objective of this effort was to Identify and investigate candidate high performance fire resistant building insulation technologies that meet the goal of building code compliance for exterior wall applications inmore » green buildings in multiple climate zones. A Joint Work Plan was established between researchers at the China Academy of Building Research and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Efforts in the first year under this plan focused on information gathering. The objective of this research program is to reduce building energy use in China via improved building insulation technology. In cold regions in China, residents often use inefficient heating systems to provide a minimal comfort level within inefficient buildings. In warmer regions, air conditioning has not been commonly used. As living standards rise, energy consumption in these regions will increase dramatically unless significant improvements are made in building energy performance. Previous efforts that defined the current state of the built environment in China and in the U.S. will be used in this research. In countries around the world, building improvements have typically followed the implementation of more stringent building codes. There have been several changes in building codes in both the U.S. and China within the last few years. New U.S. building codes have increased the amount of wall insulation required in new buildings. New government statements from multiple agencies in China have recently changed the requirements for buildings in terms of energy efficiency and fire safety. A related issue is the degree to which new standards are adopted and enforced. In the U.S., standards are developed using a consensus process, and local government agencies are free to implement these standards or to ignore them. For example, some U.S. states are still using 2003 versions of the building efficiency standards. There is also a great variation in the degree to which the locally adopted standards are enforced in different U.S. cities and states. With a more central process in China, these issues are different, but possible impacts of variable enforcement efficacy may also exist. Therefore, current building codes in China will be compared to the current state of building fire-safety and energy-efficiency codes in the U.S. and areas for possible improvements in both countries will be explored. In particular, the focus of the applications in China will be on green buildings. The terminology of 'green buildings' has different meanings to different audiences. The U.S. research is interested in both new, green buildings, and on retrofitting existing inefficient buildings. An initial effort will be made to clarify the scope of the pertinent wall insulation systems for these applications.« less

  12. Tribal Green Building Toolkit

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This Tribal Green Building Toolkit (Toolkit) is designed to help tribal officials, community members, planners, developers, and architects develop and adopt building codes to support green building practices. Anyone can use this toolkit!

  13. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for New Hampshire

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in New Hampshire. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2010 New Hampshire State Code base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in New Hampshire.

  14. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for North Carolina

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in North Carolina. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2012 North Carolina State Code base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in North Carolina.

  15. Building Code Compliance and Enforcement: The Experience of SanFrancisco's Residential Energy Conservation Ordinanace and California'sBuildign Standards for New Construction

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Vine, E.

    1990-11-01

    As part of Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory's (LBL) technical assistance to the Sustainable City Project, compliance and enforcement activities related to local and state building codes for existing and new construction were evaluated in two case studies. The analysis of the City of San Francisco's Residential Energy Conservation Ordinance (RECO) showed that a limited, prescriptive energy conservation ordinance for existing residential construction can be enforced relatively easily with little administrative costs, and that compliance with such ordinances can be quite high. Compliance with the code was facilitated by extensive publicity, an informed public concerned with the cost of energy and knowledgeablemore » about energy efficiency, the threat of punishment (Order of Abatement), the use of private inspectors, and training workshops for City and private inspectors. The analysis of California's Title 24 Standards for new residential and commercial construction showed that enforcement of this type of code for many climate zones is more complex and requires extensive administrative support for education and training of inspectors, architects, engineers, and builders. Under this code, prescriptive and performance approaches for compliance are permitted, resulting in the demand for alternative methods of enforcement: technical assistance, plan review, field inspection, and computer analysis. In contrast to existing construction, building design and new materials and construction practices are of critical importance in new construction, creating a need for extensive technical assistance and extensive interaction between enforcement personnel and the building community. Compliance problems associated with building design and installation did occur in both residential and nonresidential buildings. Because statewide codes are enforced by local officials, these problems may increase over time as energy standards change and become more complex and as other standards (eg, health and safety codes) remain a higher priority. The California Energy Commission realizes that code enforcement by itself is insufficient and expects that additional educational and technical assistance efforts (eg, manuals, training programs, and toll-free telephone lines) will ameliorate these problems.« less

  16. Effect of URM infills on seismic vulnerability of Indian code designed RC frame buildings

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Haldar, Putul; Singh, Yogendra; Paul, D. K.

    2012-03-01

    Unreinforced Masonry (URM) is the most common partitioning material in framed buildings in India and many other countries. Although it is well-known that under lateral loading the behavior and modes of failure of the frame buildings change significantly due to infill-frame interaction, the general design practice is to treat infills as nonstructural elements and their stiffness, strength and interaction with the frame is often ignored, primarily because of difficulties in simulation and lack of modeling guidelines in design codes. The Indian Standard, like many other national codes, does not provide explicit insight into the anticipated performance and associated vulnerability of infilled frames. This paper presents an analytical study on the seismic performance and fragility analysis of Indian code-designed RC frame buildings with and without URM infills. Infills are modeled as diagonal struts as per ASCE 41 guidelines and various modes of failure are considered. HAZUS methodology along with nonlinear static analysis is used to compare the seismic vulnerability of bare and infilled frames. The comparative study suggests that URM infills result in a significant increase in the seismic vulnerability of RC frames and their effect needs to be properly incorporated in design codes.

  17. Kosol Kiatreungwattana | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    Kosol Kiatreungwattana Kosol Kiatreungwattana Senior Engineer - Building and Renewable Energy experience in building energy systems and renewable technologies, building energy codes, LEED certified projects, sustainable high performance building design, building energy simulation analysis/optimization

  18. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for the District of Columbia

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in the District of Columbia. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2013 Washington DC Code base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in the District of Columbia.

  19. 76 FR 57982 - Building Energy Codes Cost Analysis

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-19

    ... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [Docket No. EERE-2011-BT-BC-0046] Building Energy Codes Cost Analysis Correction In notice document 2011-23236 beginning on page... heading ``Table 1. Cash flow components'' should read ``Table 7. Cash flow components''. [FR Doc. C1-2011...

  20. 7 CFR 1792.103 - Seismic design and construction standards for new buildings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Structures. Copies are available from the American Society of Civil Engineers, Publications Marketing Department, 1801 Alexander Bell Drive, Reston, VA 20191-4400. E-mail: marketing@asce.org. Telephone: (800) 548-2723. Fax: (703) 295-6211. (3) 2003 International Code Council (ICC) International Building Code...

  1. 78 FR 27906 - Lead; Renovation, Repair, and Painting Program for Public and Commercial Buildings; Notice of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-13

    ... construction (NAICS code 236), e.g., commercial building construction, industrial building construction, commercial and institutional building construction, building finishing contractors, drywall and insulation... Lead; Renovation, Repair, and Painting Program for Public and Commercial Buildings; Notice of Public...

  2. Assessment of codes, by-laws and regulations relating to air wells in building design

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Fadzil, Sharifah Fairuz Syed; Karamazaman, Nazli

    2017-10-01

    Codes and by-laws concerning air well design (for buildings and lavatories) in Malaysia has been established in the Malaysian Uniform Building By-Laws UBBL number 40 (1) and (2) since the 1980s. Wells are there to fulfill the ventilation and daylighting requirements. The minimum well area according to building storey height are compared between UBBL and the Singapore's well requirements from the Building Construction Authority BCA. A visual and graphical representation (with schematics building and well diagrams drawn to scale) of the minimum well sizes and dimensions is given. It can be seen that if the minimum requirement of well size is used for buildings above 8 storeys high, a thin well resulted which is not proportionate to the building height. A proposed dimension is graphed and given to be used in the UBBL which translated to graphics (3 dimensional buildings drawn to scale) created a much better well proportion.

  3. Legacy Code Modernization

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Hribar, Michelle R.; Frumkin, Michael; Jin, Haoqiang; Waheed, Abdul; Yan, Jerry; Saini, Subhash (Technical Monitor)

    1998-01-01

    Over the past decade, high performance computing has evolved rapidly; systems based on commodity microprocessors have been introduced in quick succession from at least seven vendors/families. Porting codes to every new architecture is a difficult problem; in particular, here at NASA, there are many large CFD applications that are very costly to port to new machines by hand. The LCM ("Legacy Code Modernization") Project is the development of an integrated parallelization environment (IPE) which performs the automated mapping of legacy CFD (Fortran) applications to state-of-the-art high performance computers. While most projects to port codes focus on the parallelization of the code, we consider porting to be an iterative process consisting of several steps: 1) code cleanup, 2) serial optimization,3) parallelization, 4) performance monitoring and visualization, 5) intelligent tools for automated tuning using performance prediction and 6) machine specific optimization. The approach for building this parallelization environment is to build the components for each of the steps simultaneously and then integrate them together. The demonstration will exhibit our latest research in building this environment: 1. Parallelizing tools and compiler evaluation. 2. Code cleanup and serial optimization using automated scripts 3. Development of a code generator for performance prediction 4. Automated partitioning 5. Automated insertion of directives. These demonstrations will exhibit the effectiveness of an automated approach for all the steps involved with porting and tuning a legacy code application for a new architecture.

  4. Understanding Energy Code Acceptance within the Alaska Building Community

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mapes, Terry S.

    2012-02-14

    This document presents the technical assistance provided to the Alaska Home Financing Corporation on behalf of PNNL regarding the assessment of attitudes toward energy codes within the building community in Alaska. It includes a summary of the existing situation and specific assistance requested by AHFC, the results of a questionnaire designed for builders surveyed in a suburban area of Anchorage, interviews with a lender, a building official, and a research specialist, and recommendations for future action by AHFC.

  5. 24 CFR 200.925c - Model codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... DEVELOPMENT GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO FHA PROGRAMS Minimum Property Standards § 200.925c Model codes. (a... Plumbing Code, 1993 Edition, and the BOCA National Mechanical Code, 1993 Edition, excluding Chapter I, Administration, for the Building, Plumbing and Mechanical Codes and the references to fire retardant treated wood...

  6. 24 CFR 200.925c - Model codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... DEVELOPMENT GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO FHA PROGRAMS Minimum Property Standards § 200.925c Model codes. (a... Plumbing Code, 1993 Edition, and the BOCA National Mechanical Code, 1993 Edition, excluding Chapter I, Administration, for the Building, Plumbing and Mechanical Codes and the references to fire retardant treated wood...

  7. 78 FR 47677 - DOE Activities and Methodology for Assessing Compliance With Building Energy Codes

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-06

    ... construction. Post- construction evaluations were implemented in one study in an effort to reduce these costs... these pilot studies have led to a number of recommendations and potential changes to the DOE methodology... fundamental assumptions and approaches to measuring compliance with building energy codes. This notice...

  8. Learning by Doing: Teaching Decision Making through Building a Code of Ethics.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hawthorne, Mark D.

    2001-01-01

    Notes that applying abstract ethical principles to the practical business of building a code of applied ethics for a technical communication department teaches students that they share certain unarticulated or unconscious values that they can translate into ethical principles. Suggests that combining abstract theory with practical policy writing…

  9. 75 FR 9434 - Civil Rights Division, Disability Rights Section; Agency Information Collection Activities Under...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-02

    ... Rights (or his or her designee) may certify that a State or local building code or similar ordinance that establishes accessibility requirements (Code) meets or exceeds the minimum requirements of the ADA for..., Policy and Planning Staff, Justice Management Division, Patrick Henry Building, Suite 1600, 601 D Street...

  10. 75 FR 27816 - Civil Rights Division, Disability Rights Section; Agency Information Collection Activities Under...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-05-18

    ... certify that a State or local building code or similar ordinance that establishes accessibility requirements (Code) meets or exceeds the minimum requirements of the ADA for accessibility and usability of... Management Division, Patrick Henry Building, Suite 1600, 601 D Street, NW., Washington, DC 20530. Dated: May...

  11. VS30 – A site-characterization parameter for use in building Codes, simplified earthquake resistant design, GMPEs, and ShakeMaps

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Borcherdt, Roger D.

    2012-01-01

    VS30, defined as the average seismic shear-wave velocity from the surface to a depth of 30 meters, has found wide-spread use as a parameter to characterize site response for simplified earthquake resistant design as implemented in building codes worldwide. VS30 , as initially introduced by the author for the US 1994 NEHRP Building Code, provides unambiguous definitions of site classes and site coefficients for site-dependent response spectra based on correlations derived from extensive borehole logging and comparative ground-motion measurement programs in California. Subsequent use of VS30 for development of strong ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) and measurement of extensive sets of VS borehole data have confirmed the previous empirical correlations and established correlations of SVS30 with VSZ at other depths. These correlations provide closed form expressions to predict S30 V at a large number of additional sites and further justify S30 V as a parameter to characterize site response for simplified building codes, GMPEs, ShakeMap, and seismic hazard mapping.

  12. Wood: a construction material for tall buildings

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wimmers, Guido

    2017-12-01

    Wood has great potential as a building material, because it is strong and lightweight, environmentally friendly and can be used in prefabricated buildings. However, only changes in building codes will make wood competitive with steel and concrete.

  13. Green Building Standards

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    Many organizations have developed model codes or rating systems that communities may use to develop green building programs or revise building ordinances. Some of the major options are listed on this page.

  14. A High-Granularity Approach to Modeling Energy Consumption and Savings Potential in the U.S. Residential Building Stock

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    None

    Building simulations are increasingly used in various applications related to energy efficient buildings. For individual buildings, applications include: design of new buildings, prediction of retrofit savings, ratings, performance path code compliance and qualification for incentives. Beyond individual building applications, larger scale applications (across the stock of buildings at various scales: national, regional and state) include: codes and standards development, utility program design, regional/state planning, and technology assessments. For these sorts of applications, a set of representative buildings are typically simulated to predict performance of the entire population of buildings. Focusing on the U.S. single-family residential building stock, this paper willmore » describe how multiple data sources for building characteristics are combined into a highly-granular database that preserves the important interdependencies of the characteristics. We will present the sampling technique used to generate a representative set of thousands (up to hundreds of thousands) of building models. We will also present results of detailed calibrations against building stock consumption data.« less

  15. Documentation for the Southeast Asia seismic hazard maps

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Petersen, Mark; Harmsen, Stephen; Mueller, Charles; Haller, Kathleen; Dewey, James; Luco, Nicolas; Crone, Anthony; Lidke, David; Rukstales, Kenneth

    2007-01-01

    The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Southeast Asia Seismic Hazard Project originated in response to the 26 December 2004 Sumatra earthquake (M9.2) and the resulting tsunami that caused significant casualties and economic losses in Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, India, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives. During the course of this project, several great earthquakes ruptured subduction zones along the southern coast of Indonesia (fig. 1) causing additional structural damage and casualties in nearby communities. Future structural damage and societal losses from large earthquakes can be mitigated by providing an advance warning of tsunamis and introducing seismic hazard provisions in building codes that allow buildings and structures to withstand strong ground shaking associated with anticipated earthquakes. The Southeast Asia Seismic Hazard Project was funded through a United States Agency for International Development (USAID)—Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System to develop seismic hazard maps that would assist engineers in designing buildings that will resist earthquake strong ground shaking. An important objective of this project was to discuss regional hazard issues with building code officials, scientists, and engineers in Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. The code communities have been receptive to these discussions and are considering updating the Thailand and Indonesia building codes to incorporate new information (for example, see notes from Professor Panitan Lukkunaprasit, Chulalongkorn University in Appendix A).

  16. Recommendations on Implementing the Energy Conservation Building Code in Rajasthan, India

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Yu, Sha; Makela, Eric J.; Evans, Meredydd

    India launched the Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) in 2007 and Indian Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) recently indicated that it would move to mandatory implementation in the 12th Five-Year Plan. The State of Rajasthan adopted ECBC with minor modifications; the new regulation is known as the Energy Conservation Building Directives – Rajasthan 2011 (ECBD-R). It became mandatory in Rajasthan on September 28, 2011. This report provides recommendations on an ECBD-R enforcement roadmap for the State of Rajasthan.

  17. Evaluation of Force Transfer Around Openings - Experimental and Analytical Studies

    Treesearch

    Borjen Yeh; Tom Skaggs; Frank Lam; Minghao Li; Douglas Rammer; James Wacker

    2011-01-01

    Wood structural panel (WSP) sheathed shear walls and diaphragms are the primary lateral-load-resistingelements in wood-frame construction. The historical performance of light-frame structures in North America is very good due, in part, to model building codes that are designed to safeguard life safety. These model building codes have spawned continual improvement and...

  18. Modelling Force Transfer Around Openings of Full-Scale Shear Walls

    Treesearch

    Tom Skaggs; Borjen Yeh; Frank Lam; Minghao Li; Doug Rammer; James Wacker

    2011-01-01

    Wood structural panel (WSP) sheathed shear walls and diaphragms are the primary lateralload-resisting elements in wood-frame construction. The historical performance of lightframe structures in North America has been very good due, in part, to model building codes that are designed to preserve life safety. These model building codes have spawned continual improvement...

  19. Building code challenging the ethics behind adobe architecture in North Cyprus.

    PubMed

    Hurol, Yonca; Yüceer, Hülya; Şahali, Öznem

    2015-04-01

    Adobe masonry is part of the vernacular architecture of Cyprus. Thus, it is possible to use this technology in a meaningful way on the island. On the other hand, although adobe architecture is more sustainable in comparison to other building technologies, the use of it is diminishing in North Cyprus. The application of Turkish building code in the north of the island has created complications in respect of the use of adobe masonry, because this building code demands that reinforced concrete vertical tie-beams are used together with adobe masonry. The use of reinforced concrete elements together with adobe masonry causes problems in relation to the climatic response of the building as well as causing other technical and aesthetic problems. This situation makes the design of adobe masonry complicated and various types of ethical problems also emerge. The objective of this article is to analyse the ethical problems which arise as a consequence of the restrictive character of the building code, by analysing two case studies and conducting an interview with an architect who was involved with the use of adobe masonry in North Cyprus. According to the results of this article there are ethical problems at various levels in the design of both case studies. These problems are connected to the responsibilities of architects in respect of the social benefit, material production, aesthetics and affordability of the architecture as well as presenting distrustful behaviour where the obligations of architects to their clients is concerned.

  20. 10 CFR 434.505 - Reference building method.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Reference building method. 434.505 Section 434.505 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.505 Reference building method. 505...

  1. 10 CFR 434.505 - Reference building method.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Reference building method. 434.505 Section 434.505 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.505 Reference building method. 505.1...

  2. 10 CFR 434.505 - Reference building method.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Reference building method. 434.505 Section 434.505 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.505 Reference building method. 505...

  3. 10 CFR 434.505 - Reference building method.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Reference building method. 434.505 Section 434.505 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.505 Reference building method. 505...

  4. 10 CFR 434.505 - Reference building method.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Reference building method. 434.505 Section 434.505 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.505 Reference building method. 505...

  5. Overview of the ArbiTER edge plasma eigenvalue code

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Baver, Derek; Myra, James; Umansky, Maxim

    2011-10-01

    The Arbitrary Topology Equation Reader, or ArbiTER, is a flexible eigenvalue solver that is currently under development for plasma physics applications. The ArbiTER code builds on the equation parser framework of the existing 2DX code, extending it to include a topology parser. This will give the code the capability to model problems with complicated geometries (such as multiple X-points and scrape-off layers) or model equations with arbitrary numbers of dimensions (e.g. for kinetic analysis). In the equation parser framework, model equations are not included in the program's source code. Instead, an input file contains instructions for building a matrix from profile functions and elementary differential operators. The program then executes these instructions in a sequential manner. These instructions may also be translated into analytic form, thus giving the code transparency as well as flexibility. We will present an overview of how the ArbiTER code is to work, as well as preliminary results from early versions of this code. Work supported by the U.S. DOE.

  6. 76 FR 42688 - Updating State Residential Building Energy Efficiency Codes

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-19

    ... 19, 2013. ADDRESSES: Certification Statements must be addressed to the Buildings Technologies Program...-rise (greater than three stories) multifamily residential buildings and hotel, motel, and other..., townhouses, row houses, and low-rise multifamily buildings (not greater than three stories) such as...

  7. Common Day Care Safety Renovations: Descriptions, Explanations and Cost Estimates.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Spack, Stan

    This booklet explains some of the day care safety features specified by the new Massachusetts State Building Code (January 1, 1975) which must be met before a new day care center can be licensed. The safety features described are those which most often require renovation to meet the building code standards. Best estimates of the costs involved in…

  8. 28 CFR 36.607 - Guidance concerning model codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Guidance concerning model codes. 36.607... BY PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.607 Guidance concerning model codes. Upon application by an authorized representative of a...

  9. 28 CFR 36.607 - Guidance concerning model codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Guidance concerning model codes. 36.607... BY PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.607 Guidance concerning model codes. Upon application by an authorized representative of a...

  10. 28 CFR 36.607 - Guidance concerning model codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Guidance concerning model codes. 36.607... BY PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.607 Guidance concerning model codes. Upon application by an authorized representative of a...

  11. 28 CFR 36.607 - Guidance concerning model codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Guidance concerning model codes. 36.607... BY PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.607 Guidance concerning model codes. Upon application by an authorized representative of a...

  12. Lessons learned from new construction utility demand side management programs and their implications for implementing building energy codes

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Wise, B.K.; Hughes, K.R.; Danko, S.L.

    1994-07-01

    This report was prepared for the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Codes and Standards by the Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) through its Building Energy Standards Program (BESP). The purpose of this task was to identify demand-side management (DSM) strategies for new construction that utilities have adopted or developed to promote energy-efficient design and construction. PNL conducted a survey of utilities and used the information gathered to extrapolate lessons learned and to identify evolving trends in utility new-construction DSM programs. The ultimate goal of the task is to identify opportunities where states might work collaboratively with utilities to promotemore » the adoption, implementation, and enforcement of energy-efficient building energy codes.« less

  13. RESRAD model presentation

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Yu, C.; Faillace, E.; Chen, S.Y.

    RESRAD was one of the multimedia models selected by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to include in its workshop on radiation dose modeling and demonstration of compliance with the radiological criteria for license termination. This paper is a summary of the presentation made at the workshop and focuses on the 10 questions the NRC distributed to all participants prior to the workshop. The code selection criteria, which were solicited by the NRC, for demonstrating compliance with the license termination rule are also included. Among the RESRAD family of codes, RESRAD and RESRAD-BUILD are designed for evaluating radiological contamination inmore » soils and in buildings. Many documents have been published to support the use of these codes. This paper focuses on these two codes. The pathways considered, the databases and parameters used, quality control and quality assurance, benchmarking, verification and validation of these codes, and capabilities as well as limitations of these codes are discussed in detail.« less

  14. 10 CFR 434.503 - Prototype building procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Prototype building procedure. 434.503 Section 434.503 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.503 Prototype...

  15. 10 CFR 434.503 - Prototype building procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Prototype building procedure. 434.503 Section 434.503 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.503 Prototype...

  16. 10 CFR 434.503 - Prototype building procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Prototype building procedure. 434.503 Section 434.503 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.503 Prototype...

  17. 10 CFR 434.503 - Prototype building procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Prototype building procedure. 434.503 Section 434.503 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.503 Prototype...

  18. 10 CFR 434.503 - Prototype building procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Prototype building procedure. 434.503 Section 434.503 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.503 Prototype...

  19. Experimental study on lateral strength of wall-slab joint subjected to lateral cyclic load

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Masrom, Mohd Asha'ari; Mohamad, Mohd Elfie; Hamid, Nor Hayati Abdul; Yusuff, Amer

    2017-10-01

    Tunnel form building has been utilised in building construction since 1960 in Malaysia. This method of construction has been applied extensively in the construction of high rise residential house (multistory building) such as condominium and apartment. Most of the tunnel form buildings have been designed according to British standard (BS) whereby there is no provision for seismic loading. The high-rise tunnel form buildings are vulnerable to seismic loading. The connections between slab and shear walls in the tunnel-form building constitute an essential link in the lateral load resisting mechanism. Malaysia is undergoing a shifting process from BS code to Eurocode (EC) for building construction since the country has realised the safety threats of earthquake. Hence, this study is intended to compare the performance of the interior wall slab joint for a tunnel form structure designed based on Euro and British codes. The experiment included a full scale test of the wall slab joint sub-assemblages under reversible lateral cyclic loading. Two sub-assemblage specimens of the wall slab joint were designed and constructed based on both codes. Each specimen was tested using lateral displacement control (drift control). The specimen designed by using Eurocode was found could survive up to 3.0% drift while BS specimen could last to 1.5% drift. The analysis results indicated that the BS specimen was governed by brittle failure modes with Ductility Class Low (DCL) while the EC specimen behaved in a ductile manner with Ductility Class Medium (DCM). The low ductility recorded in BS specimen was resulted from insufficient reinforcement provided in the BS code specimen. Consequently, the BS specimen could not absorb energy efficiently (low energy dissipation) and further sustain under inelastic deformation.

  20. Ethical Guidelines for Structural Interventions to Small-Scale Historic Stone Masonry Buildings.

    PubMed

    Hurol, Yonca; Yüceer, Hülya; Başarır, Hacer

    2015-12-01

    Structural interventions to historic stone masonry buildings require that both structural and heritage values be considered simultaneously. The absence of one of these value systems in implementation can be regarded as an unethical professional action. The research objective of this article is to prepare a guideline for ensuring ethical structural interventions to small-scale stone historic masonry buildings in the conservation areas of Northern Cyprus. The methodology covers an analysis of internationally accepted conservation documents and national laws related to the conservation of historic buildings, an analysis of building codes, especially Turkish building codes, which have been used in Northern Cyprus, and an analysis of the structural interventions introduced to a significant historic building in a semi-intact state in the walled city of Famagusta. This guideline covers issues related to whether buildings are intact or ruined, the presence of earthquake risk, the types of structural decisions in an architectural conservation project, and the values to consider during the decision making phase.

  1. Application of LEED (trademark) and SPiRiT to a Proposed Building Design

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2003-03-01

    TOTAL AREA S CAT ARLOC INSTALLATION NO CODE C QTY UM OCPD F CODE 1) 24004 Aberdeen Provi E1890...ARLOC INSTALLATION NO CODE C QTY UM OCPD F CODE 1) 24004 Aberdeen Provi E3832 31010 P 13,000 SF 13,000 R

  2. Evaluating the benefits of commercial building energy codes and improving federal incentives for code adoption.

    PubMed

    Gilbraith, Nathaniel; Azevedo, Inês L; Jaramillo, Paulina

    2014-12-16

    The federal government has the goal of decreasing commercial building energy consumption and pollutant emissions by incentivizing the adoption of commercial building energy codes. Quantitative estimates of code benefits at the state level that can inform the size and allocation of these incentives are not available. We estimate the state-level climate, environmental, and health benefits (i.e., social benefits) and reductions in energy bills (private benefits) of a more stringent code (ASHRAE 90.1-2010) relative to a baseline code (ASHRAE 90.1-2007). We find that reductions in site energy use intensity range from 93 MJ/m(2) of new construction per year (California) to 270 MJ/m(2) of new construction per year (North Dakota). Total annual benefits from more stringent codes total $506 million for all states, where $372 million are from reductions in energy bills, and $134 million are from social benefits. These total benefits range from $0.6 million in Wyoming to $49 million in Texas. Private benefits range from $0.38 per square meter in Washington State to $1.06 per square meter in New Hampshire. Social benefits range from $0.2 per square meter annually in California to $2.5 per square meter in Ohio. Reductions in human/environmental damages and future climate damages account for nearly equal shares of social benefits.

  3. Residential building codes, affordability, and health protection: a risk-tradeoff approach.

    PubMed

    Hammitt, J K; Belsky, E S; Levy, J I; Graham, J D

    1999-12-01

    Residential building codes intended to promote health and safety may produce unintended countervailing risks by adding to the cost of construction. Higher construction costs increase the price of new homes and may increase health and safety risks through "income" and "stock" effects. The income effect arises because households that purchase a new home have less income remaining for spending on other goods that contribute to health and safety. The stock effect arises because suppression of new-home construction leads to slower replacement of less safe housing units. These countervailing risks are not presently considered in code debates. We demonstrate the feasibility of estimating the approximate magnitude of countervailing risks by combining the income effect with three relatively well understood and significant home-health risks. We estimate that a code change that increases the nationwide cost of constructing and maintaining homes by $150 (0.1% of the average cost to build a single-family home) would induce offsetting risks yielding between 2 and 60 premature fatalities or, including morbidity effects, between 20 and 800 lost quality-adjusted life years (both discounted at 3%) each year the code provision remains in effect. To provide a net health benefit, the code change would need to reduce risk by at least this amount. Future research should refine these estimates, incorporate quantitative uncertainty analysis, and apply a full risk-tradeoff approach to real-world case studies of proposed code changes.

  4. 24 CFR 242.78 - Zoning, deed, and building restrictions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Zoning, deed, and building... AUTHORITIES MORTGAGE INSURANCE FOR HOSPITALS Miscellaneous Requirements § 242.78 Zoning, deed, and building... to the project site, and shall comply with all applicable building and other governmental codes...

  5. P.L. 102-486, "Energy Policy Act" (1992)

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    None

    2011-12-13

    Amends the Energy Conservation and Production Act to set a deadline by which each State must certify to the Secretary of Energy whether its energy efficiency standards with respect to residential and commercial building codes meet or exceed those of the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) Model Energy Code, 1992, and of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, respectively.

  6. Feedback Codes and Action Plans: Building the Capacity of First-Year Students to Apply Feedback to a Scientific Report

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bird, Fiona L.; Yucel, Robyn

    2015-01-01

    Effective feedback can build self-assessment skills in students so that they become more competent and confident to identify and self-correct weaknesses in their work. In this study, we trialled a feedback code as part of an integrated programme of formative and summative assessment tasks, which provided feedback to first-year students on their…

  7. Searching for Planning and Design Solutions.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Roark, Steven

    2001-01-01

    Presents the fourth article in a series on the Longview Community College (Kansas City, Missouri) Liberal Arts building project. How architects are revising floor plans, evaluating building systems, deciding on furniture, and dealing with building codes are discussed. (GR)

  8. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Dillon, Heather E.; Antonopoulos, Chrissi A.; Solana, Amy E.

    As the model energy codes are improved to reach efficiency levels 50 percent greater than current codes, use of on-site renewable energy generation is likely to become a code requirement. This requirement will be needed because traditional mechanisms for code improvement, including envelope, mechanical and lighting, have been pressed to the end of reasonable limits. Research has been conducted to determine the mechanism for implementing this requirement (Kaufman 2011). Kaufmann et al. determined that the most appropriate way to structure an on-site renewable requirement for commercial buildings is to define the requirement in terms of an installed power density permore » unit of roof area. This provides a mechanism that is suitable for the installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems on future buildings to offset electricity and reduce the total building energy load. Kaufmann et al. suggested that an appropriate maximum for the requirement in the commercial sector would be 4 W/ft{sup 2} of roof area or 0.5 W/ft{sup 2} of conditioned floor area. As with all code requirements, there must be an alternative compliance path for buildings that may not reasonably meet the renewables requirement. This might include conditions like shading (which makes rooftop PV arrays less effective), unusual architecture, undesirable roof pitch, unsuitable building orientation, or other issues. In the short term, alternative compliance paths including high performance mechanical equipment, dramatic envelope changes, or controls changes may be feasible. These options may be less expensive than many renewable systems, which will require careful balance of energy measures when setting the code requirement levels. As the stringency of the code continues to increase however, efficiency trade-offs will be maximized, requiring alternative compliance options to be focused solely on renewable electricity trade-offs or equivalent programs. One alternate compliance path includes purchase of Renewable Energy Credits (RECs). Each REC represents a specified amount of renewable electricity production and provides an offset of environmental externalities associated with non-renewable electricity production. The purpose of this paper is to explore the possible issues with RECs and comparable alternative compliance options. Existing codes have been examined to determine energy equivalence between the energy generation requirement and the RECs alternative over the life of the building. The price equivalence of the requirement and the alternative are determined to consider the economic drivers for a market decision. This research includes case studies that review how the few existing codes have incorporated RECs and some of the issues inherent with REC markets. Section 1 of the report reviews compliance options including RECs, green energy purchase programs, shared solar agreements and leases, and other options. Section 2 provides detailed case studies on codes that include RECs and community based alternative compliance methods. The methods the existing code requirements structure alternative compliance options like RECs are the focus of the case studies. Section 3 explores the possible structure of the renewable energy generation requirement in the context of energy and price equivalence. The price of RECs have shown high variation by market and over time which makes it critical to for code language to be updated frequently for a renewable energy generation requirement or the requirement will not remain price-equivalent over time. Section 4 of the report provides a maximum case estimate for impact to the PV market and the REC market based on the Kaufmann et al. proposed requirement levels. If all new buildings in the commercial sector complied with the requirement to install rooftop PV arrays, nearly 4,700 MW of solar would be installed in 2012, a major increase from EIA estimates of 640 MW of solar generation capacity installed in 2009. The residential sector could contribute roughly an additional 2,300 MW based on the same code requirement levels of 4 W/ft{sup 2} of roof area. Section 5 of the report provides a basic framework for draft code language recommendations based on the analysis of the alternative compliance levels.« less

  9. Using Third-Party Inspectors in Building Energy Codes Enforcement in India

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Yu, Sha; Evans, Meredydd; Kumar, Pradeep

    India is experiencing fast income growth and urbanization, and this leads to unprecedented increases in demand for building energy services and resulting energy consumption. In response to rapid growth in building energy use, the Government of India issued the Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) in 2007, which is consistent with and based on the 2001 Energy Conservation Act. ECBC implementation has been voluntary since its enactment and a few states have started to make progress towards mandatory implementation. Rajasthan is the first state in India to adopt ECBC as a mandatory code. The State adopted ECBC with minor additions onmore » March 28, 2011 through a stakeholder process; it became mandatory in Rajasthan on September 28, 2011. Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, and Andhra Pradesh have started to draft an implementation roadmap and build capacity for its implementation. The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) plans to encourage more states to adopt ECBC in the near future, including Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, West Bengal, and Delhi. Since its inception, India has applied the code on a voluntary basis, but the Government of India is developing a strategy to mandate compliance. Implementing ECBC requires coordination between the Ministry of Power and the Ministry of Urban Development at the national level as well as interdepartmental coordination at the state level. One challenge is that the Urban Local Bodies (ULBs), the enforcement entities of building by-laws, lack capacity to implement ECBC effectively. For example, ULBs in some states might find the building permitting procedures to be too complex; in other cases, lack of awareness and technical knowledge on ECBC slows down the amendment of local building by-laws as well as ECBC implementation. The intent of this white paper is to share with Indian decision-makers code enforcement approaches: through code officials, third-party inspectors, or a hybrid approach. Given the limited capacity and human resources available in the state and local governments, involving third-party inspectors could rapidly expand the capacity for plan reviews and broad implementation. However, the procedures of involving third-parties need to be carefully designed in order to guarantee a fair process. For example, there should be multiple checks and certification requirements for third-party inspectors, and the government should have the final approval when third-party inspectors are used in a project. This paper discusses different approaches of involving third-parties in ECBC enforcement; the Indian states may choose the approaches that work best in their given circumstances.« less

  10. ATLAS software configuration and build tool optimisation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rybkin, Grigory; Atlas Collaboration

    2014-06-01

    ATLAS software code base is over 6 million lines organised in about 2000 packages. It makes use of some 100 external software packages, is developed by more than 400 developers and used by more than 2500 physicists from over 200 universities and laboratories in 6 continents. To meet the challenge of configuration and building of this software, the Configuration Management Tool (CMT) is used. CMT expects each package to describe its build targets, build and environment setup parameters, dependencies on other packages in a text file called requirements, and each project (group of packages) to describe its policies and dependencies on other projects in a text project file. Based on the effective set of configuration parameters read from the requirements files of dependent packages and project files, CMT commands build the packages, generate the environment for their use, or query the packages. The main focus was on build time performance that was optimised within several approaches: reduction of the number of reads of requirements files that are now read once per package by a CMT build command that generates cached requirements files for subsequent CMT build commands; introduction of more fine-grained build parallelism at package task level, i.e., dependent applications and libraries are compiled in parallel; code optimisation of CMT commands used for build; introduction of package level build parallelism, i. e., parallelise the build of independent packages. By default, CMT launches NUMBER-OF-PROCESSORS build commands in parallel. The other focus was on CMT commands optimisation in general that made them approximately 2 times faster. CMT can generate a cached requirements file for the environment setup command, which is especially useful for deployment on distributed file systems like AFS or CERN VMFS. The use of parallelism, caching and code optimisation significantly-by several times-reduced software build time, environment setup time, increased the efficiency of multi-core computing resources utilisation, and considerably improved software developer and user experience.

  11. Verification of BWR Turbine Skyshine Dose with the MCNP5 Code Based on an Experiment Made at SHIMANE Nuclear Power Station

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tayama, Ryuichi; Wakasugi, Kenichi; Kawanaka, Ikunori; Kadota, Yoshinobu; Murakami, Yasuhiro

    We measured the skyshine dose from turbine buildings at Shimane Nuclear Power Station Unit 1 (NS-1) and Unit 2 (NS-2), and then compared it with the dose calculated with the Monte Carlo transport code MCNP5. The skyshine dose values calculated with the MCNP5 code agreed with the experimental data within a factor of 2.8, when the roof of the turbine building was precisely modeled. We concluded that our MCNP5 calculation was valid for BWR turbine skyshine dose evaluation.

  12. City Reach Code Technical Support Document

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Athalye, Rahul A.; Chen, Yan; Zhang, Jian

    This report describes and analyzes a set of energy efficiency measures that will save 20% energy over ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2013. The measures will be used to formulate a Reach Code for cities aiming to go beyond national model energy codes. A coalition of U.S. cities together with other stakeholders wanted to facilitate the development of voluntary guidelines and standards that can be implemented in stages at the city level to improve building energy efficiency. The coalition's efforts are being supported by the U.S. Department of Energy via Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and in collaboration with the New Buildings Institute.

  13. 44 CFR 206.400 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... standards of safety, decency, and sanitation and in conformity with applicable codes, specifications and standards. (b) Applicable codes, specifications, and standards shall include any disaster resistant building code that meets the minimum requirements of the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) as well as...

  14. 44 CFR 206.400 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... standards of safety, decency, and sanitation and in conformity with applicable codes, specifications and standards. (b) Applicable codes, specifications, and standards shall include any disaster resistant building code that meets the minimum requirements of the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) as well as...

  15. 44 CFR 206.400 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... standards of safety, decency, and sanitation and in conformity with applicable codes, specifications and standards. (b) Applicable codes, specifications, and standards shall include any disaster resistant building code that meets the minimum requirements of the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) as well as...

  16. 44 CFR 206.400 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... standards of safety, decency, and sanitation and in conformity with applicable codes, specifications and standards. (b) Applicable codes, specifications, and standards shall include any disaster resistant building code that meets the minimum requirements of the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) as well as...

  17. Soft-Input Soft-Output Modules for the Construction and Distributed Iterative Decoding of Code Networks

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Benedetto, S.; Divsalar, D.; Montorsi, G.; Pollara, F.

    1998-01-01

    Soft-input soft-output building blocks (modules) are presented to construct and iteratively decode in a distributed fashion code networks, a new concept that includes, and generalizes, various forms of concatenated coding schemes.

  18. 44 CFR 206.400 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... standards of safety, decency, and sanitation and in conformity with applicable codes, specifications and standards. (b) Applicable codes, specifications, and standards shall include any disaster resistant building code that meets the minimum requirements of the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) as well as...

  19. Sustainable regulation of construction.

    PubMed

    2000-11-01

    The seminar examined the role building codes and regulations can have in promoting a more sustainable approach to construction, particularly through their application to non-industrial building materials. A range of building materials such as straw, bamboo, rammed earth, adobe, and cob (a mixture of clay and chopped straw) were described and illustrated by slides to show their building potential. The current codes have a prime concern to protect the health and safety of people from the built environment. They have been developed almost exclusively for mainstream industrial materials and methods of construction, which makes them difficult to use with alternative, indigenous, or non-industrial building materials, even though those materials may be considered more sustainable. The argument was put forward that with only one-third of the world population living in modern industrial buildings today, it is not sustainable to re-house the remaining rapidly expanding population in high technology dwellings. Many of the low technology building materials and methods now used by the majority of people in the world need only incremental improvement to be equal or superior to many of their industrial replacements. Since these can be more sustainable methods of building, there needs to be an acceptance of the use of alternative materials, particularly in the developing parts of the world, where they are being rejected for less sustainable industrial methods. However, many codes make it difficult to use non-industrial materials; indeed, many of the industrial materials would not meet the demands that must be now met if they were now being introduced as new materials. Consequently, there is a need to develop codes to facilitate the use of a wider range of materials than in current use, and research is needed to assist this development. Sustainable regulation should take into account the full range of real impacts that materials and systems have in areas such as resource use and depletion, toxicity of the processes that produce them, and their potential for re-use and recyclability.

  20. 10 CFR 434.99 - Explanation of numbering system for codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Explanation of numbering system for codes. 434.99 Section 434.99 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS § 434.99 Explanation of numbering system for codes. (a) For...

  1. 10 CFR 434.99 - Explanation of numbering system for codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Explanation of numbering system for codes. 434.99 Section 434.99 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS § 434.99 Explanation of numbering system for codes. (a) For...

  2. Building Energy Efficiency in Rural China

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Evans, Meredydd; Yu, Sha; Song, Bo

    2014-04-01

    Rural buildings in China now account for more than half of China’s total building energy use. Forty percent of the floorspace in China is in rural villages and towns. Most of these buildings are very energy inefficient, and may struggle to meet basic needs. They are cold in the winter, and often experience indoor air pollution from fuel use. The Chinese government plans to adopt a voluntary building energy code, or design standard, for rural homes. The goal is to build on China’s success with codes in urban areas to improve efficiency and comfort in rural homes. The Chinese governmentmore » recognizes rural buildings represent a major opportunity for improving national building energy efficiency. The challenges of rural China are also greater than those of urban areas in many ways because of the limited local capacity and low income levels. The Chinese government wants to expand on new programs to subsidize energy efficiency improvements in rural homes to build capacity for larger-scale improvement. This article summarizes the trends and status of rural building energy use in China. It then provides an overview of the new rural building design standard, and describes options and issues to move forward with implementation.« less

  3. Effective Cyber Situation Awareness (CSA) Assessment and Training

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-11-01

    activity/scenario. y. Save Wireshark Captures. z. Save SNORT logs. aa. Save MySQL databases. 4. After the completion of the scenario, the reversion...line or from custom Java code. • Cisco ASA Parser: Builds normalized vendor-neutral firewall rule specifications from Cisco ASA and PIX firewall...The Service tool lets analysts build Cauldron models from either the command line or from custom Java code. Functionally, it corresponds to the

  4. 75 FR 14331 - Disaster Assistance Loan Program

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-25

    ... meet current building code requirements. If your business is a major source of employment, SBA may..., granting tax exemption under sections 510(c), (d), or (e) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, or (2...; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 8025-01-P ...

  5. Fire related hazards of cables: The Canadian position development of fire resistant inside wiring cable

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hartley, M. D.; Jaques, R. E.

    1986-11-01

    The Canadian Electrical Code and the National Building Code in Canada recognize only two designations in regards to fire resistance of cables; cables for use in combustible (residential) buildings and cables for use in non-combustible buildings. The Test standard for cables for non-combustible buildings resembles IEEE-383. However, it is more severe; particularly for small nonarmoured cables such as Inside Wiring Cable. This forthcoming requirement has necessitated material and product development. Although an Inside Wiring cable modification of both insulation and jacket was undertaken, the large volume fraction of combustible material in the jacket vis a vis the insulation made it the area of greatest impact. The paper outlines the development and its effect on cable performance.

  6. LOFT. "Exploded view" of loft containment building (TAN650), including control ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    LOFT. "Exploded view" of loft containment building (TAN-650), including control building (TAN-630). EG&G. February 1979. INEEL index code no. 036-010-65-220-209565 - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Test Area North, Scoville, Butte County, ID

  7. High-Rising Rec Centers.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Whitney, Tim

    2000-01-01

    Examines how tight urban sites can yield sports spaces that favorably compare to their more rural campus counterparts. Potential areas of concern when recreation centers are reconfigured into high-rise structures are highlighted, including building codes, building access, noise control, building costs, and lighting. (GR)

  8. NSDann2BS, a neutron spectrum unfolding code based on neural networks technology and two bonner spheres

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Ortiz-Rodriguez, J. M.; Reyes Alfaro, A.; Reyes Haro, A.

    In this work a neutron spectrum unfolding code, based on artificial intelligence technology is presented. The code called ''Neutron Spectrometry and Dosimetry with Artificial Neural Networks and two Bonner spheres'', (NSDann2BS), was designed in a graphical user interface under the LabVIEW programming environment. The main features of this code are to use an embedded artificial neural network architecture optimized with the ''Robust design of artificial neural networks methodology'' and to use two Bonner spheres as the only piece of information. In order to build the code here presented, once the net topology was optimized and properly trained, knowledge stored atmore » synaptic weights was extracted and using a graphical framework build on the LabVIEW programming environment, the NSDann2BS code was designed. This code is friendly, intuitive and easy to use for the end user. The code is freely available upon request to authors. To demonstrate the use of the neural net embedded in the NSDann2BS code, the rate counts of {sup 252}Cf, {sup 241}AmBe and {sup 239}PuBe neutron sources measured with a Bonner spheres system.« less

  9. NSDann2BS, a neutron spectrum unfolding code based on neural networks technology and two bonner spheres

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ortiz-Rodríguez, J. M.; Reyes Alfaro, A.; Reyes Haro, A.; Solís Sánches, L. O.; Miranda, R. Castañeda; Cervantes Viramontes, J. M.; Vega-Carrillo, H. R.

    2013-07-01

    In this work a neutron spectrum unfolding code, based on artificial intelligence technology is presented. The code called "Neutron Spectrometry and Dosimetry with Artificial Neural Networks and two Bonner spheres", (NSDann2BS), was designed in a graphical user interface under the LabVIEW programming environment. The main features of this code are to use an embedded artificial neural network architecture optimized with the "Robust design of artificial neural networks methodology" and to use two Bonner spheres as the only piece of information. In order to build the code here presented, once the net topology was optimized and properly trained, knowledge stored at synaptic weights was extracted and using a graphical framework build on the LabVIEW programming environment, the NSDann2BS code was designed. This code is friendly, intuitive and easy to use for the end user. The code is freely available upon request to authors. To demonstrate the use of the neural net embedded in the NSDann2BS code, the rate counts of 252Cf, 241AmBe and 239PuBe neutron sources measured with a Bonner spheres system.

  10. Wood products used in the construction of low-rise nonresidential buildings in the United States, 2008

    Treesearch

    David McKeever

    2010-01-01

    Low-rise nonresidential building construction is an important market for lumber, structural wood panels, nonstructural wood panels, and engineered wood products in the United States. This report examines low-rise nonresidential buildings of four or fewer stories only. Buildings with five or more stories are normally severely restricted by building code from being wood...

  11. Wood products used in the construction of low-rise nonresidential buildings in the United States, 2003

    Treesearch

    David B. McKeever; Craig Adair; Jennifer O' Connor

    2005-01-01

    Low-rise nonresidential building construction is an important market for lumber, structural wood panels, nonstructural wood panels, and engineered wood products in the United States. This report examines low-rise nonresidential buildings of four or fewer stories only, because buildings with five or more stories are normally severely restricted by building code from...

  12. Study of structural reliability of existing concrete structures

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Druķis, P.; Gaile, L.; Valtere, K.; Pakrastiņš, L.; Goremikins, V.

    2017-10-01

    Structural reliability of buildings has become an important issue after the collapse of a shopping center in Riga 21.11.2013, caused the death of 54 people. The reliability of a building is the practice of designing, constructing, operating, maintaining and removing buildings in ways that ensure maintained health, ward suffered injuries or death due to use of the building. Evaluation and improvement of existing buildings is becoming more and more important. For a large part of existing buildings, the design life has been reached or will be reached in the near future. The structures of these buildings need to be reassessed in order to find out whether the safety requirements are met. The safety requirements provided by the Eurocodes are a starting point for the assessment of safety. However, it would be uneconomical to require all existing buildings and structures to comply fully with these new codes and corresponding safety levels, therefore the assessment of existing buildings differs with each design situation. This case study describes the simple and practical procedure of determination of minimal reliability index β of existing concrete structures designed by different codes than Eurocodes and allows to reassess the actual reliability level of different structural elements of existing buildings under design load.

  13. Building Needs for the Handicapped.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Windham Southeast Supervisory Union, Brattleboro, VT.

    Listed in the document are specific building needs for the handicapped. It is explained that the detailed survey forms can be used to determine building accessibility for a wide range of handicapping conditions. Survey information includes the specific building need (e.g. 12 foot wide parking space) and the letter code for affected function. Space…

  14. 49 CFR 41.110 - New DOT owned buildings and additions to buildings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... architect's authenticated verifications of seismic design codes, standards, and practices used in the design... for the design and construction of new DOT Federally owned buildings will ensure that each building is designed and constructed in accord with the seismic design and construction standards set out in § 41.120...

  15. 28 CFR 36.604 - Procedure following preliminary determination of equivalency.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.604 Procedure following preliminary determination of equivalency... of the preliminary determination of equivalency with respect to the particular code, and invite... enforcement of the code, at which interested individuals, including individuals with disabilities, are...

  16. 28 CFR 36.604 - Procedure following preliminary determination of equivalency.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.604 Procedure following preliminary determination of equivalency... of the preliminary determination of equivalency with respect to the particular code, and invite... enforcement of the code, at which interested individuals, including individuals with disabilities, are...

  17. 28 CFR 36.604 - Procedure following preliminary determination of equivalency.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.604 Procedure following preliminary determination of equivalency... of the preliminary determination of equivalency with respect to the particular code, and invite... enforcement of the code, at which interested individuals, including individuals with disabilities, are...

  18. 28 CFR 36.604 - Procedure following preliminary determination of equivalency.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.604 Procedure following preliminary determination of equivalency... of the preliminary determination of equivalency with respect to the particular code, and invite... enforcement of the code, at which interested individuals, including individuals with disabilities, are...

  19. 28 CFR 36.603 - Preliminary determination.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes... filed by a submitting official for certification of a code, and after consultation with the...

  20. 28 CFR 36.603 - Preliminary determination.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes... filed by a submitting official for certification of a code, and after consultation with the...

  1. 28 CFR 36.603 - Preliminary determination.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes... filed by a submitting official for certification of a code, and after consultation with the...

  2. 28 CFR 36.603 - Preliminary determination.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes... filed by a submitting official for certification of a code, and after consultation with the...

  3. 44 CFR 79.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... authorized native organization, that has zoning and building code jurisdiction over a particular area having... of each claim (including building and contents payments) exceeding $5,000, and with the cumulative... (building payments only) have been made under such coverage, with cumulative amount of such claims exceeding...

  4. 44 CFR 79.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... authorized native organization, that has zoning and building code jurisdiction over a particular area having... of each claim (including building and contents payments) exceeding $5,000, and with the cumulative... (building payments only) have been made under such coverage, with cumulative amount of such claims exceeding...

  5. 49 CFR 41.119 - DOT regulated buildings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... compliance may include the engineer's and architect's authenticated verification of seismic design codes... and additions to existing buildings will ensure that each DOT regulated building is designed and constructed in accord with seismic design and construction standards as provided by this part. (b) This...

  6. Structural evaluation of the 2736Z Building for seismic loads

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Giller, R.A.

    The 2736Z building structure is evaluated for high-hazard loads. The 2736Z building is analyzed herein for normal and seismic loads and is found to successfully meet the guidelines of UCRL-15910 along with the related codes requirements.

  7. Experimental Analysis of Steel Beams Subjected to Fire Enhanced by Brillouin Scattering-Based Fiber Optic Sensor Data.

    PubMed

    Bao, Yi; Chen, Yizheng; Hoehler, Matthew S; Smith, Christopher M; Bundy, Matthew; Chen, Genda

    2017-01-01

    This paper presents high temperature measurements using a Brillouin scattering-based fiber optic sensor and the application of the measured temperatures and building code recommended material parameters into enhanced thermomechanical analysis of simply supported steel beams subjected to combined thermal and mechanical loading. The distributed temperature sensor captures detailed, nonuniform temperature distributions that are compared locally with thermocouple measurements with less than 4.7% average difference at 95% confidence level. The simulated strains and deflections are validated using measurements from a second distributed fiber optic (strain) sensor and two linear potentiometers, respectively. The results demonstrate that the temperature-dependent material properties specified in the four investigated building codes lead to strain predictions with less than 13% average error at 95% confidence level and that the Europe building code provided the best predictions. However, the implicit consideration of creep in Europe is insufficient when the beam temperature exceeds 800°C.

  8. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Sesigur, Haluk; Cili, Feridun

    Seismic isolation is an effective design strategy to mitigate the seismic hazard wherein the structure and its contents are protected from the damaging effects of an earthquake. This paper presents the Hangar Project in Sabiha Goekcen Airport which is located in Istanbul, Turkey. Seismic isolation system where the isolation layer arranged at the top of the columns is selected. The seismic hazard analysis, superstructure design, isolator design and testing were based on the Uniform Building Code (1997) and met all requirements of the Turkish Earthquake Code (2007). The substructure which has the steel vertical trusses on facades and RC Hmore » shaped columns in the middle axis of the building was designed with an R factor limited to 2.0 in accordance with Turkish Earthquake Code. In order to verify the effectiveness of the isolation system, nonlinear static and dynamic analyses are performed. The analysis revealed that isolated building has lower base shear (approximately 1/4) against the non-isolated structure.« less

  9. Energy and Energy Cost Savings Analysis of the 2015 IECC for Commercial Buildings

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Zhang, Jian; Xie, YuLong; Athalye, Rahul A.

    As required by statute (42 USC 6833), DOE recently issued a determination that ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2013 would achieve greater energy efficiency in buildings subject to the code compared to the 2010 edition of the standard. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) conducted an energy savings analysis for Standard 90.1-2013 in support of its determination . While Standard 90.1 is the model energy standard for commercial and multi-family residential buildings over three floors (42 USC 6833), many states have historically adopted the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) for both residential and commercial buildings. This report provides an assessment as to whether buildingsmore » constructed to the commercial energy efficiency provisions of the 2015 IECC would save energy and energy costs as compared to the 2012 IECC. PNNL also compared the energy performance of the 2015 IECC with the corresponding Standard 90.1-2013. The goal of this analysis is to help states and local jurisdictions make informed decisions regarding model code adoption.« less

  10. Comparative Study on Code-based Linear Evaluation of an Existing RC Building Damaged during 1998 Adana-Ceyhan Earthquake

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Toprak, A. Emre; Gülay, F. Gülten; Ruge, Peter

    2008-07-01

    Determination of seismic performance of existing buildings has become one of the key concepts in structural analysis topics after recent earthquakes (i.e. Izmit and Duzce Earthquakes in 1999, Kobe Earthquake in 1995 and Northridge Earthquake in 1994). Considering the need for precise assessment tools to determine seismic performance level, most of earthquake hazardous countries try to include performance based assessment in their seismic codes. Recently, Turkish Earthquake Code 2007 (TEC'07), which was put into effect in March 2007, also introduced linear and non-linear assessment procedures to be applied prior to building retrofitting. In this paper, a comparative study is performed on the code-based seismic assessment of RC buildings with linear static methods of analysis, selecting an existing RC building. The basic principles dealing the procedure of seismic performance evaluations for existing RC buildings according to Eurocode 8 and TEC'07 will be outlined and compared. Then the procedure is applied to a real case study building is selected which is exposed to 1998 Adana-Ceyhan Earthquake in Turkey, the seismic action of Ms = 6.3 with a maximum ground acceleration of 0.28 g It is a six-storey RC residential building with a total of 14.65 m height, composed of orthogonal frames, symmetrical in y direction and it does not have any significant structural irregularities. The rectangular shaped planar dimensions are 16.40 m×7.80 m = 127.90 m2 with five spans in x and two spans in y directions. It was reported that the building had been moderately damaged during the 1998 earthquake and retrofitting process was suggested by the authorities with adding shear-walls to the system. The computations show that the performing methods of analysis with linear approaches using either Eurocode 8 or TEC'07 independently produce similar performance levels of collapse for the critical storey of the structure. The computed base shear value according to Eurocode is much higher than the requirements of the Turkish Earthquake Code while the selected ground conditions represent the same characteristics. The main reason is that the ordinate of the horizontal elastic response spectrum for Eurocode 8 is increased by the soil factor. In TEC'07 force-based linear assessment, the seismic demands at cross-sections are to be checked with residual moment capacities; however, the chord rotations of primary ductile elements must be checked for Eurocode safety verifications. On the other hand, the demand curvatures from linear methods of analysis of Eurocode 8 together with TEC'07 are almost similar.

  11. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Arizona. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2009 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Arizona.

  12. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Hawaii. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2006 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Hawaii.

  13. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Connecticut. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2009 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Connecticut.

  14. Energy Building Regulations: The Effect of the Federal Performance Standards on Building Code Administration and the Conservation of Energy in New Buildings.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kopper, William D.

    1980-01-01

    Explores the changes in the administration and enforcement of building regulations that will be engendered by the proposed federal energy building standards. Also evaluates the effectiveness of those standards in meeting congressional intent. Available from U.C. Davis Law Review, School of Law, Martin Luther King Jr. Hall, University of…

  15. Development of Automated Procedures to Generate Reference Building Models for ASHRAE Standard 90.1 and India’s Building Energy Code and Implementation in OpenStudio

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Parker, Andrew; Haves, Philip; Jegi, Subhash

    This paper describes a software system for automatically generating a reference (baseline) building energy model from the proposed (as-designed) building energy model. This system is built using the OpenStudio Software Development Kit (SDK) and is designed to operate on building energy models in the OpenStudio file format.

  16. Implementing energy standards for motors and buildings in the Philippines

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Wiel, S.; Busch, J.; Sanchez, C.

    1998-07-01

    The Philippines' master plan for energy makes cornerstones of energy standards for appliances, buildings, and motors in their energy efficiency effort. Significant progress has been made in implementing appliance standards for some products, but has lagged for others. This has been partly because the resources allocated have dictated a cautious deliberate approach. Products where there has been a lack of information about the respective markets have received lowest priority. Motors fall in this latter category. In their development of building codes, the Philippine government has also taken a cautious deliberate approach and is just now attending to the compliance ofmore » a commercial building energy performance standard that was enacted into law in 1994. This paper describes the results of recent new buildings and motor market assessments carried out in the Philippines, a survey of building energy code implementation in other countries, and how these products are being used to further implementation of energy standards in the Philippines. Lessons for other countries are drawn from this experience.« less

  17. System and method for creating expert systems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Hughes, Peter M. (Inventor); Luczak, Edward C. (Inventor)

    1998-01-01

    A system and method provides for the creation of a highly graphical expert system without the need for programming in code. An expert system is created by initially building a data interface, defining appropriate Mission, User-Defined, Inferred, and externally-generated GenSAA (EGG) data variables whose data values will be updated and input into the expert system. Next, rules of the expert system are created by building appropriate conditions of the rules which must be satisfied and then by building appropriate actions of rules which are to be executed upon corresponding conditions being satisfied. Finally, an appropriate user interface is built which can be highly graphical in nature and which can include appropriate message display and/or modification of display characteristics of a graphical display object, to visually alert a user of the expert system of varying data values, upon conditions of a created rule being satisfied. The data interface building, rule building, and user interface building are done in an efficient manner and can be created without the need for programming in code.

  18. Gate-to-gate Life-Cycle Inventory of Hardboard Production in North America

    Treesearch

    Richard Bergman

    2014-01-01

    Whole-building life-cycle assessments (LCAs) populated by life-cycle inventory (LCI) data are incorporated into environmental footprint software tools for establishing green building certification by building professionals and code. However, LCI data on some wood building products are still needed to help fill gaps in the data and thus provide a more complete picture...

  19. 10 CFR 434.506 - Use of the reference building to determine the energy cost budget.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Use of the reference building to determine the energy cost budget. 434.506 Section 434.506 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance...

  20. 10 CFR 434.504 - Use of the prototype building to determine the energy cost budget.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Use of the prototype building to determine the energy cost budget. 434.504 Section 434.504 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance...

  1. 31 CFR 11.6 - Terms of permit.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... vending facilities shall be operated in compliance with applicable health, sanitation, and building codes... normal cleaning, maintenance, and repair of the building structure in and adjacent to the vending...

  2. 31 CFR 11.6 - Terms of permit.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... vending facilities shall be operated in compliance with applicable health, sanitation, and building codes... normal cleaning, maintenance, and repair of the building structure in and adjacent to the vending...

  3. 31 CFR 11.6 - Terms of permit.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... vending facilities shall be operated in compliance with applicable health, sanitation, and building codes... normal cleaning, maintenance, and repair of the building structure in and adjacent to the vending...

  4. 34 CFR 395.35 - Terms of permit.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... health, sanitation, and building codes or ordinances. (e) The permit shall further provide that... to the State licensing agency for normal cleaning, maintenance, and repair of the building structure...

  5. 34 CFR 395.35 - Terms of permit.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... health, sanitation, and building codes or ordinances. (e) The permit shall further provide that... to the State licensing agency for normal cleaning, maintenance, and repair of the building structure...

  6. The Modular Factor.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cray, Dan

    1994-01-01

    Discusses the tradeoff of speed and movability versus costs when using relocatable buildings to solve educational space needs. Concluding comments address building-code compliance issues driving up expenses and impacting facility planning.(GR)

  7. 45 CFR 12.3 - General policies.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... with State or local zoning restrictions, building codes, or similar limitations. (e) Organizations...-exempt under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954. (c) Real property will be requested...

  8. 45 CFR 12.3 - General policies.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... with State or local zoning restrictions, building codes, or similar limitations. (e) Organizations...-exempt under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954. (c) Real property will be requested...

  9. 45 CFR 12.3 - General policies.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... with State or local zoning restrictions, building codes, or similar limitations. (e) Organizations...-exempt under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954. (c) Real property will be requested...

  10. 45 CFR 12.3 - General policies.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... with State or local zoning restrictions, building codes, or similar limitations. (e) Organizations...-exempt under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954. (c) Real property will be requested...

  11. ALICE: A non-LTE plasma atomic physics, kinetics and lineshape package

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hill, E. G.; Pérez-Callejo, G.; Rose, S. J.

    2018-03-01

    All three parts of an atomic physics, atomic kinetics and lineshape code, ALICE, are described. Examples of the code being used to model the emissivity and opacity of plasmas are discussed and interesting features of the code which build on the existing corpus of models are shown throughout.

  12. Hearing the voices of service user researchers in collaborative qualitative data analysis: the case for multiple coding.

    PubMed

    Sweeney, Angela; Greenwood, Kathryn E; Williams, Sally; Wykes, Til; Rose, Diana S

    2013-12-01

    Health research is frequently conducted in multi-disciplinary teams, with these teams increasingly including service user researchers. Whilst it is common for service user researchers to be involved in data collection--most typically interviewing other service users--it is less common for service user researchers to be involved in data analysis and interpretation. This means that a unique and significant perspective on the data is absent. This study aims to use an empirical report of a study on Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) to demonstrate the value of multiple coding in enabling service users voices to be heard in team-based qualitative data analysis. The CBTp study employed multiple coding to analyse service users' discussions of CBT for psychosis (CBTp) from the perspectives of a service user researcher, clinical researcher and psychology assistant. Multiple coding was selected to enable multiple perspectives to analyse and interpret data, to understand and explore differences and to build multi-disciplinary consensus. Multiple coding enabled the team to understand where our views were commensurate and incommensurate and to discuss and debate differences. Through the process of multiple coding, we were able to build strong consensus about the data from multiple perspectives, including that of the service user researcher. Multiple coding is an important method for understanding and exploring multiple perspectives on data and building team consensus. This can be contrasted with inter-rater reliability which is only appropriate in limited circumstances. We conclude that multiple coding is an appropriate and important means of hearing service users' voices in qualitative data analysis. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  13. Technical Options for Energy Conservation in Buildings. National Conference of States on Building Codes and Standards and National Bureau of Standards Joint Emergency Workshop on Energy Conservation in Buildings. (Washington, D.C., June 19, 1973) NBS Technical Note 789.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    National Bureau of Standards (DOC), Washington, DC. Inst. for Applied Technology.

    The purpose of this report is to provide reference material on the technical options for energy conservation in buildings. Actions pertinent to existing buildings and new buildings are considered separately. Regarding existing buildings, principal topics include summer cooling, winter heating, and other energy-related features such as insulation,…

  14. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in New York. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2009 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in New York.

  15. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in New Mexico. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2009 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in New Mexico.

  16. Energy Codes at a Glance

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Cole, Pamala C.; Richman, Eric E.

    2008-09-01

    Feeling dim from energy code confusion? Read on to give your inspections a charge. The U.S. Department of Energy’s Building Energy Codes Program addresses hundreds of inquiries from the energy codes community every year. This article offers clarification for topics of confusion submitted to BECP Technical Support of interest to electrical inspectors, focusing on the residential and commercial energy code requirements based on the most recently published 2006 International Energy Conservation Code® and ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA1 Standard 90.1-2004.

  17. 49 CFR 602.15 - Grant requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... either State or locally adopted building codes or standards, the higher of the competing minimums would... title 49, United States Code, as well as cross-cutting requirements, including but not limited to those...

  18. 49 CFR 602.15 - Grant requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... either State or locally adopted building codes or standards, the higher of the competing minimums would... title 49, United States Code, as well as cross-cutting requirements, including but not limited to those...

  19. 28 CFR 36.605 - Procedure following preliminary determination of equivalency.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.605 Procedure following preliminary determination of equivalency... of the preliminary determination of equivalency with respect to the particular code, and invite...

  20. Building America Top Innovations 2012: Building Science-Based Climate Maps

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    none,

    2013-01-01

    This Building America Top Innovations profile describes the Building America-developed climate zone map, which serves as a consistent framework for energy-efficiency requirements in the national model energy code starting with the 2004 IECC Supplement and the ASHRAE 90.1 2004 edition. The map also provides a critical foundation for climate-specific guidance in the widely disseminated EEBA Builder Guides and Building America Best Practice Guides.

  1. Fundamental period of Italian reinforced concrete buildings: comparison between numerical, experimental and Italian code simplified values

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ditommaso, Rocco; Carlo Ponzo, Felice; Auletta, Gianluca; Iacovino, Chiara; Nigro, Antonella

    2015-04-01

    Aim of this study is a comparison among the fundamental period of reinforced concrete buildings evaluated using the simplified approach proposed by the Italian Seismic code (NTC 2008), numerical models and real values retrieved from an experimental campaign performed on several buildings located in Basilicata region (Italy). With the intention of proposing simplified relationships to evaluate the fundamental period of reinforced concrete buildings, scientists and engineers performed several numerical and experimental campaigns, on different structures all around the world, to calibrate different kind of formulas. Most of formulas retrieved from both numerical and experimental analyses provides vibration periods smaller than those suggested by the Italian seismic code. However, it is well known that the fundamental period of a structure play a key role in the correct evaluation of the spectral acceleration for seismic static analyses. Generally, simplified approaches impose the use of safety factors greater than those related to in depth nonlinear analyses with the aim to cover possible unexpected uncertainties. Using the simplified formula proposed by the Italian seismic code the fundamental period is quite higher than fundamental periods experimentally evaluated on real structures, with the consequence that the spectral acceleration adopted in the seismic static analysis may be significantly different than real spectral acceleration. This approach could produces a decreasing in safety factors obtained using linear and nonlinear seismic static analyses. Finally, the authors suggest a possible update of the Italian seismic code formula for the simplified estimation of the fundamental period of vibration of existing RC buildings, taking into account both elastic and inelastic structural behaviour and the interaction between structural and non-structural elements. Acknowledgements This study was partially funded by the Italian Civil Protection Department within the project DPC-RELUIS 2014 - RS4 ''Seismic observatory of structures and health monitoring''. References R. Ditommaso, M. Vona, M. R. Gallipoli and M. Mucciarelli (2013). Evaluation and considerations about fundamental periods of damaged reinforced concrete buildings. Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 1903-1912, 2013. www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net/13/1903/2013. doi:10.5194/nhess-13-1903-2013

  2. 28 CFR 36.602 - General rule.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.602 General... that a code meets or exceeds the minimum requirements of the Act for the accessibility and usability of...

  3. 28 CFR 36.602 - General rule.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.602 General... that a code meets or exceeds the minimum requirements of the Act for the accessibility and usability of...

  4. 28 CFR 36.602 - General rule.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.602 General... that a code meets or exceeds the minimum requirements of the Act for the accessibility and usability of...

  5. 28 CFR 36.602 - General rule.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.602 General... that a code meets or exceeds the minimum requirements of the Act for the accessibility and usability of...

  6. 28 CFR 36.602 - General rule.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... ACCOMMODATIONS AND IN COMMERCIAL FACILITIES Certification of State Laws or Local Building Codes § 36.602 General... that a code meets or exceeds the minimum requirements of the Act for the accessibility and usability of...

  7. Wood and Other Materials Used to Construct Nonresidential Buildings in the United States 2011

    Treesearch

    Craig Adair; David B. McKeever; Chris Gaston; Margaret Stewart

    2013-01-01

    The construction of low-rise nonresidential buildings is an important market for lumber, engineered wood products, and structural and nonstructural wood panels in the United States. This report examines low-rise nonresidential buildings of six or fewer stories. Those with more than six stories are normally severely restricted by building codes from being wood framed....

  8. Wood and Other Materials Used to Construct Nonresidential Buildings in the United States 2011 Executive Summary

    Treesearch

    David B. McKeever

    2013-01-01

    The construction of low-rise nonresidential buildings is an important market for lumber, engineered wood products, and structural and nonstructural wood panels in the United States. This report examines low-rise nonresidential buildings of six or fewer stories. Those with more than six stories are normally severely restricted by building codes from being wood framed....

  9. How to Build MCNP 6.2

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Bull, Jeffrey S.

    This presentation describes how to build MCNP 6.2. MCNP®* 6.2 can be compiled on Macs, PCs, and most Linux systems. It can also be built for parallel execution using both OpenMP and Messing Passing Interface (MPI) methods. MCNP6 requires Fortran, C, and C++ compilers to build the code.

  10. Chapter 8: Fire Performance of Cross-Laminated Timber Assemblies (2012 US Edition)

    Treesearch

    Christian Dagenais; Robert H. White; Kuma Sumathipala

    2012-01-01

    Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a promising wood-based structural component and has potential to provide cost-effective building solutions for residential, commercial and institutional buildings as well as large industrial facilities. Market acceptance of CLT requires that it meets the applicable building code requirements.

  11. 38 CFR 36.4701 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... political subdivision of a State that has zoning and building code jurisdiction over a particular area having special flood hazards. (e) Designated loan means a loan secured by a building or mobile home that... of Veterans Affairs. (c) Building means a walled and roofed structure, other than a gas or liquid...

  12. 38 CFR 36.4701 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... political subdivision of a State that has zoning and building code jurisdiction over a particular area having special flood hazards. (e) Designated loan means a loan secured by a building or mobile home that... of Veterans Affairs. (c) Building means a walled and roofed structure, other than a gas or liquid...

  13. 38 CFR 36.4701 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... political subdivision of a State that has zoning and building code jurisdiction over a particular area having special flood hazards. (e) Designated loan means a loan secured by a building or mobile home that... of Veterans Affairs. (c) Building means a walled and roofed structure, other than a gas or liquid...

  14. 38 CFR 36.4701 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... political subdivision of a State that has zoning and building code jurisdiction over a particular area having special flood hazards. (e) Designated loan means a loan secured by a building or mobile home that... of Veterans Affairs. (c) Building means a walled and roofed structure, other than a gas or liquid...

  15. 12 CFR 572.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... zoning and building code jurisdiction over a particular area having special flood hazards. (e) Designated loan means a loan secured by a building or mobile home that is located or to be located in a special...) Building means a walled and roofed structure, other than a gas or liquid storage tank, that is principally...

  16. 49 CFR 41.115 - New buildings to be leased for DOT occupancy.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... compliance may include the engineer's and architect's authenticated verifications of seismic design codes... design and construction of new buildings to be leased for DOT occupancy or use will ensure that each building is designed and constructed in accord with the seismic design and construction standards set out...

  17. 49 CFR 41.115 - New buildings to be leased for DOT occupancy.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... compliance may include the engineer's and architect's authenticated verifications of seismic design codes... design and construction of new buildings to be leased for DOT occupancy or use will ensure that each building is designed and constructed in accord with the seismic design and construction standards set out...

  18. How to reduce your fire insurance rates

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Dubain, M.

    1971-01-01

    Construction procedures and utilization of materials to reduce the cost of insuring large buildings against losses from fire are discussed. Examples of good and bad techniques in building construction and fire safety management are provided. The inadequacies of building codes and the hazards resulting from improper construction are examined.

  19. Sensitivity analysis of tall buildings in Semarang, Indonesia due to fault earthquakes with maximum 7 Mw

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Partono, Windu; Pardoyo, Bambang; Atmanto, Indrastono Dwi; Azizah, Lisa; Chintami, Rouli Dian

    2017-11-01

    Fault is one of the dangerous earthquake sources that can cause building failure. A lot of buildings were collapsed caused by Yogyakarta (2006) and Pidie (2016) fault source earthquakes with maximum magnitude 6.4 Mw. Following the research conducted by Team for Revision of Seismic Hazard Maps of Indonesia 2010 and 2016, Lasem, Demak and Semarang faults are three closest earthquake sources surrounding Semarang. The ground motion from those three earthquake sources should be taken into account for structural design and evaluation. Most of tall buildings, with minimum 40 meter high, in Semarang were designed and constructed following the 2002 and 2012 Indonesian Seismic Code. This paper presents the result of sensitivity analysis research with emphasis on the prediction of deformation and inter-story drift of existing tall building within the city against fault earthquakes. The analysis was performed by conducting dynamic structural analysis of 8 (eight) tall buildings using modified acceleration time histories. The modified acceleration time histories were calculated for three fault earthquakes with magnitude from 6 Mw to 7 Mw. The modified acceleration time histories were implemented due to inadequate time histories data caused by those three fault earthquakes. Sensitivity analysis of building against earthquake can be predicted by evaluating surface response spectra calculated using seismic code and surface response spectra calculated from acceleration time histories from a specific earthquake event. If surface response spectra calculated using seismic code is greater than surface response spectra calculated from acceleration time histories the structure will stable enough to resist the earthquake force.

  20. Code Verification Results of an LLNL ASC Code on Some Tri-Lab Verification Test Suite Problems

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Anderson, S R; Bihari, B L; Salari, K

    As scientific codes become more complex and involve larger numbers of developers and algorithms, chances for algorithmic implementation mistakes increase. In this environment, code verification becomes essential to building confidence in the code implementation. This paper will present first results of a new code verification effort within LLNL's B Division. In particular, we will show results of code verification of the LLNL ASC ARES code on the test problems: Su Olson non-equilibrium radiation diffusion, Sod shock tube, Sedov point blast modeled with shock hydrodynamics, and Noh implosion.

  1. Version 1.00 programmer`s tools used in constructing the INEL RML/analytical radiochemistry sample tracking database and its user interface

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Femec, D.A.

    This report describes two code-generating tools used to speed design and implementation of relational databases and user interfaces: CREATE-SCHEMA and BUILD-SCREEN. CREATE-SCHEMA produces the SQL commands that actually create and define the database. BUILD-SCREEN takes templates for data entry screens and generates the screen management system routine calls to display the desired screen. Both tools also generate the related FORTRAN declaration statements and precompiled SQL calls. Included with this report is the source code for a number of FORTRAN routines and functions used by the user interface. This code is broadly applicable to a number of different databases.

  2. A lncRNA Perspective into (Re)Building the Heart.

    PubMed

    Frank, Stefan; Aguirre, Aitor; Hescheler, Juergen; Kurian, Leo

    2016-01-01

    Our conception of the human genome, long focused on the 2% that codes for proteins, has profoundly changed since its first draft assembly in 2001. Since then, an unanticipatedly expansive functionality and convolution has been attributed to the majority of the genome that is transcribed in a cell-type/context-specific manner into transcripts with no apparent protein coding ability. While the majority of these transcripts, currently annotated as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are functionally uncharacterized, their prominent role in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis, especially in the context of the heart, is emerging. In this review, we summarize and discuss the latest advances in understanding the relevance of lncRNAs in (re)building the heart.

  3. Effects from the Reduction of Air Leakage on Energy and Durability

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Hun, Diana E.; Childs, Phillip W.; Atchley, Jerald Allen

    2014-01-01

    Buildings are responsible for approximately 40% of the energy used in the US. Codes have been increasing building envelope requirements, and in particular those related to improving airtightness, in order to reduce energy consumption. The main goal of this research was to evaluate the effects from reductions in air leakage on energy loads and material durability. To this end, we focused on the airtightness and thermal resistance criteria set by the 2012 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC).

  4. A GPL Relativistic Hydrodynamical Code

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Olvera, D.; Mendoza, S.

    We are currently building a free (in the sense of a GNU GPL license) 2DRHD code in order to be used for different astrophysical situations. Our final target will be to include strong gravitational fields and magnetic fields. We intend to form a large group of developers as it is usually done for GPL codes.

  5. 24 CFR 905.312 - Design and construction.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... constructed in compliance with: (1) A national building code, such as those developed by the International Code Council or the National Fire Protection Association; and the IECC or ASHRAE 90.1-2010 (both... a successor energy code or standard that has been adopted by HUD pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 12709 or...

  6. 28 CFR 36.605 - Procedure following preliminary denial of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Local Building Codes § 36.605 Procedure following preliminary denial of certification. (a) If the Assistant Attorney General makes a preliminary determination to deny certification of a code under § 36.603... specification of the manner in which the code could be amended in order to qualify for certification. (b) The...

  7. 28 CFR 36.605 - Procedure following preliminary denial of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Local Building Codes § 36.605 Procedure following preliminary denial of certification. (a) If the Assistant Attorney General makes a preliminary determination to deny certification of a code under § 36.603... specification of the manner in which the code could be amended in order to qualify for certification. (b) The...

  8. 28 CFR 36.605 - Procedure following preliminary denial of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Local Building Codes § 36.605 Procedure following preliminary denial of certification. (a) If the Assistant Attorney General makes a preliminary determination to deny certification of a code under § 36.603... specification of the manner in which the code could be amended in order to qualify for certification. (b) The...

  9. 28 CFR 36.605 - Procedure following preliminary denial of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Local Building Codes § 36.605 Procedure following preliminary denial of certification. (a) If the Assistant Attorney General makes a preliminary determination to deny certification of a code under § 36.603... specification of the manner in which the code could be amended in order to qualify for certification. (b) The...

  10. Proceduracy: Computer Code Writing in the Continuum of Literacy

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Vee, Annette

    2010-01-01

    This dissertation looks at computer programming through the lens of literacy studies, building from the concept of code as a written text with expressive and rhetorical power. I focus on the intersecting technological and social factors of computer code writing as a literacy--a practice I call "proceduracy". Like literacy, proceduracy is a human…

  11. 28 CFR 36.606 - Procedure following preliminary denial of certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Local Building Codes § 36.606 Procedure following preliminary denial of certification. (a) If the Assistant Attorney General makes a Preliminary determination to deny certification of a code under § 36.604... specification of the manner in which the code could be amended in order to qualify for certification. (b) The...

  12. 28 CFR 36.603 - Filing a request for certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Building Codes § 36.603 Filing a request for certification. (a) A submitting official may file a request for certification of a code under this subpart. (b) Before filing a request for certification of a code, the submitting official shall ensure that— (1) Adequate public notice of intention to file a...

  13. Safe Building Code Incentive Act of 2011

    THOMAS, 112th Congress

    Rep. Diaz-Balart, Mario [R-FL-21

    2011-06-01

    House - 06/02/2011 Referred to the Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings and Emergency Management. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

  14. Safe Building Code Incentive Act of 2009

    THOMAS, 111th Congress

    Rep. Diaz-Balart, Mario [R-FL-25

    2009-05-21

    House - 05/22/2009 Referred to the Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings and Emergency Management. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

  15. Safe Building Code Incentive Act of 2013

    THOMAS, 113th Congress

    Rep. Diaz-Balart, Mario [R-FL-25

    2013-05-08

    House - 05/09/2013 Referred to the Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings and Emergency Management. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

  16. Designing to Meet New Requirements of Differing Services.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mathers, Andrew S.

    1982-01-01

    Characterizing "older library buildings" as those built prior to 1960, this article discusses special problems and challenges for the librarian and architect renovator, including building codes and new requirements of differing services. (EJS)

  17. 41 CFR 101-6.500 - Scope of subpart.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Federal Government for the purpose of performing official business, at least one copy of the Code shall be... display the Code. Display shall be consistent with the decor and architecture of the building space...

  18. Comparative Study on Code-based Linear Evaluation of an Existing RC Building Damaged during 1998 Adana-Ceyhan Earthquake

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Toprak, A. Emre; Guelay, F. Guelten; Ruge, Peter

    2008-07-08

    Determination of seismic performance of existing buildings has become one of the key concepts in structural analysis topics after recent earthquakes (i.e. Izmit and Duzce Earthquakes in 1999, Kobe Earthquake in 1995 and Northridge Earthquake in 1994). Considering the need for precise assessment tools to determine seismic performance level, most of earthquake hazardous countries try to include performance based assessment in their seismic codes. Recently, Turkish Earthquake Code 2007 (TEC'07), which was put into effect in March 2007, also introduced linear and non-linear assessment procedures to be applied prior to building retrofitting. In this paper, a comparative study is performedmore » on the code-based seismic assessment of RC buildings with linear static methods of analysis, selecting an existing RC building. The basic principles dealing the procedure of seismic performance evaluations for existing RC buildings according to Eurocode 8 and TEC'07 will be outlined and compared. Then the procedure is applied to a real case study building is selected which is exposed to 1998 Adana-Ceyhan Earthquake in Turkey, the seismic action of Ms = 6.3 with a maximum ground acceleration of 0.28 g It is a six-storey RC residential building with a total of 14.65 m height, composed of orthogonal frames, symmetrical in y direction and it does not have any significant structural irregularities. The rectangular shaped planar dimensions are 16.40 mx7.80 m = 127.90 m{sup 2} with five spans in x and two spans in y directions. It was reported that the building had been moderately damaged during the 1998 earthquake and retrofitting process was suggested by the authorities with adding shear-walls to the system. The computations show that the performing methods of analysis with linear approaches using either Eurocode 8 or TEC'07 independently produce similar performance levels of collapse for the critical storey of the structure. The computed base shear value according to Eurocode is much higher than the requirements of the Turkish Earthquake Code while the selected ground conditions represent the same characteristics. The main reason is that the ordinate of the horizontal elastic response spectrum for Eurocode 8 is increased by the soil factor. In TEC'07 force-based linear assessment, the seismic demands at cross-sections are to be checked with residual moment capacities; however, the chord rotations of primary ductile elements must be checked for Eurocode safety verifications. On the other hand, the demand curvatures from linear methods of analysis of Eurocode 8 together with TEC'07 are almost similar.« less

  19. Experimental Analysis of Steel Beams Subjected to Fire Enhanced by Brillouin Scattering-Based Fiber Optic Sensor Data

    PubMed Central

    Bao, Yi; Chen, Yizheng; Hoehler, Matthew S.; Smith, Christopher M.; Bundy, Matthew; Chen, Genda

    2016-01-01

    This paper presents high temperature measurements using a Brillouin scattering-based fiber optic sensor and the application of the measured temperatures and building code recommended material parameters into enhanced thermomechanical analysis of simply supported steel beams subjected to combined thermal and mechanical loading. The distributed temperature sensor captures detailed, nonuniform temperature distributions that are compared locally with thermocouple measurements with less than 4.7% average difference at 95% confidence level. The simulated strains and deflections are validated using measurements from a second distributed fiber optic (strain) sensor and two linear potentiometers, respectively. The results demonstrate that the temperature-dependent material properties specified in the four investigated building codes lead to strain predictions with less than 13% average error at 95% confidence level and that the Europe building code provided the best predictions. However, the implicit consideration of creep in Europe is insufficient when the beam temperature exceeds 800°C. PMID:28239230

  20. Design optimization of cold-formed steel portal frames taking into account the effect of building topology

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Phan, Duoc T.; Lim, James B. P.; Sha, Wei; Siew, Calvin Y. M.; Tanyimboh, Tiku T.; Issa, Honar K.; Mohammad, Fouad A.

    2013-04-01

    Cold-formed steel portal frames are a popular form of construction for low-rise commercial, light industrial and agricultural buildings with spans of up to 20 m. In this article, a real-coded genetic algorithm is described that is used to minimize the cost of the main frame of such buildings. The key decision variables considered in this proposed algorithm consist of both the spacing and pitch of the frame as continuous variables, as well as the discrete section sizes. A routine taking the structural analysis and frame design for cold-formed steel sections is embedded into a genetic algorithm. The results show that the real-coded genetic algorithm handles effectively the mixture of design variables, with high robustness and consistency in achieving the optimum solution. All wind load combinations according to Australian code are considered in this research. Results for frames with knee braces are also included, for which the optimization achieved even larger savings in cost.

  1. Analysis for Building Envelopes and Mechanical Systems Using 2012 CBECS Data

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Winiarski, David W.; Halverson, Mark A.; Butzbaugh, Joshua B.

    This report describes the aggregation and mapping of certain building characteristics data available in the most recent Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) (DOE EIA 2012) to describe most typical building construction practices. This report provides summary data for potential use in the support of modifications to the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory’s commercial building prototypes used for building energy code analysis. Specifically, this report outlines findings and most typical design choices for certain building envelope and heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system choices.

  2. Jackson Park Hospital Green Building Medical Center

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    William Dorsey; Nelson Vasquez

    2010-03-31

    Jackson Park Hospital completed the construction of a new Medical Office Building on its campus this spring. The new building construction has adopted the City of Chicago's recent focus on protecting the environment, and conserving energy and resources, with the introduction of green building codes. Located in a poor, inner city neighborhood on the South side of Chicago, Jackson Park Hospital has chosen green building strategies to help make the area a better place to live and work. The new green building houses the hospital's Family Medicine Residency Program and Specialty Medical Offices. The residency program has been vital inmore » attracting new, young physicians to this medically underserved area. The new outpatient center will also help to allure needed medical providers to the community. The facility also has areas designated to women's health and community education. The Community Education Conference Room will provide learning opportunities to area residents. Emphasis will be placed on conserving resources and protecting our environment, as well as providing information on healthcare access and preventive medicine. The new Medical Office Building was constructed with numerous energy saving features. The exterior cladding of the building is an innovative, locally-manufactured precast concrete panel system with integral insulation that achieves an R-value in excess of building code requirements. The roof is a 'green roof' covered by native plantings, lessening the impact solar heat gain on the building, and reducing air conditioning requirements. The windows are low-E, tinted, and insulated to reduce cooling requirements in summer and heating requirements in winter. The main entrance has an air lock to prevent unconditioned air from entering the building and impacting interior air temperatures. Since much of the traffic in and out of the office building comes from the adjacent Jackson Park Hospital, a pedestrian bridge connects the two buildings, further decreasing the amount of unconditioned air that enters the office building. The HVAC system has an Energy Efficiency Rating 29% greater than required. No CFC based refrigerants were used in the HVAC system, thus reducing the emission of compounds that contribute to ozone depletion and global warming. In addition, interior light fixtures employ the latest energy-efficient lamp and ballast technology. Interior lighting throughout the building is operated by sensors that will automatically turn off lights inside a room when the room is unoccupied. The electrical traction elevators use less energy than typical elevators, and they are made of 95% recycled material. Further, locally manufactured products were used throughout, minimizing the amount of energy required to construct this building. The primary objective was to construct a 30,000 square foot medical office building on the Jackson Park Hospital campus that would comply with newly adopted City of Chicago green building codes focusing on protecting the environment and conserving energy and resources. The energy saving systems demonstrate a state of the-art whole-building approach to energy efficient design and construction. The energy efficiency and green aspects of the building contribute to the community by emphasizing the environmental and economic benefits of conserving resources. The building highlights the integration of Chicago's new green building codes into a poor, inner city neighborhood project and it is designed to attract medical providers and physicians to a medically underserved area.« less

  3. Software on the Peregrine System | High-Performance Computing | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    . Development Tools View list of tools for build automation, version control, and high-level or specialized scripting. Toolchains Learn about the available toolchains to build applications from source code

  4. 15 CFR 310.7 - Statement for Federal participation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    .... 3. Exhibit No. 3. A certified copy of the building code which would be applicable should a pavilion... or financed buildings, roads and other facilities and in disposing of Federal land and properties.” ...

  5. 15 CFR 310.7 - Statement for Federal participation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    .... 3. Exhibit No. 3. A certified copy of the building code which would be applicable should a pavilion... or financed buildings, roads and other facilities and in disposing of Federal land and properties.” ...

  6. 15 CFR 310.7 - Statement for Federal participation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    .... 3. Exhibit No. 3. A certified copy of the building code which would be applicable should a pavilion... or financed buildings, roads and other facilities and in disposing of Federal land and properties.” ...

  7. 15 CFR 310.7 - Statement for Federal participation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    .... 3. Exhibit No. 3. A certified copy of the building code which would be applicable should a pavilion... or financed buildings, roads and other facilities and in disposing of Federal land and properties.” ...

  8. 15 CFR 310.7 - Statement for Federal participation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    .... 3. Exhibit No. 3. A certified copy of the building code which would be applicable should a pavilion... or financed buildings, roads and other facilities and in disposing of Federal land and properties.” ...

  9. Two Tales of Time: Uncovering the Significance of Sequential Patterns among Contribution Types in Knowledge-Building Discourse

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Chen, Bodong; Resendes, Monica; Chai, Ching Sing; Hong, Huang-Yao

    2017-01-01

    As collaborative learning is actualized through evolving dialogues, temporality inevitably matters for the analysis of collaborative learning. This study attempts to uncover sequential patterns that distinguish "productive" threads of knowledge-building discourse. A database of Grade 1-6 knowledge-building discourse was first coded for…

  10. LOFT. Containment and service building (TAN650) basement floor plan. Basement ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    LOFT. Containment and service building (TAN-650) basement floor plan. Basement airlock, shielded roadway, service areas, connection to control building. Kaiser engineers 6413-11-STEP/LOFT-650-A-1. Date: October 1964. INEEL index code no. 036-650-00-416-122213 - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Test Area North, Scoville, Butte County, ID

  11. 12 CFR 391.31 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    .... (d) Community means a State or a political subdivision of a State that has zoning and building code... defined in 12 U.S.C. 1813(b)(3) and any subsidiaries thereof. (c) Building means a walled and roofed... building or mobile home that is located or to be located in a special flood hazard area in which flood...

  12. 12 CFR 391.31 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    .... (d) Community means a State or a political subdivision of a State that has zoning and building code... defined in 12 U.S.C. 1813(b)(3) and any subsidiaries thereof. (c) Building means a walled and roofed... building or mobile home that is located or to be located in a special flood hazard area in which flood...

  13. 78 FR 51100 - Appliance Standards and Rulemaking Federal Advisory Committee: Notice of Open Teleconference/Webinar

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-20

    ... and Building Codes, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy... posted at http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/asrac.html : Update on Commercial... Energy, Building Technologies Program, Mailstop EE-2J, 1000 Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20585...

  14. 78 FR 8448 - Streamlining Inspection and Warranty Requirements for Federal Housing Administration (FHA) Single...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-02-06

    ... jurisdiction did not already perform its own inspections for new construction, and issue building permits and... expected to be minimal. The increased quality of construction materials and the standardization of building... governments that have adopted building codes to regulate and standardize the construction of residential and...

  15. Responses of a tall building with U.S. code-type instrumentation in Tokyo, Japan, to events before, during and after the Tohoku earthquake of 11 March 2011

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Çelebi, Mehmet; Kashima, Toshihide; Ghahari, S. Farid; Abazarsa, Fariba; Taciroglu, Ertugrul

    2016-01-01

    The 11 March 2011 M 9.0 Tohoku earthquake generated long-duration shaking that propagated hundreds of kilometers from the epicenter and affected tall buildings in urban areas several hundred kilometers from the epicenter of the main shock. Recorded responses show that tall buildings were affected by long-period motions. This study presents the behavior and performance of a 37-story building in the Tsukuda area of Tokyo, Japan, as inferred from modal analyses of records retrieved for a time interval covering a few days before, during, and for several months after the main shock. The U.S. “code-type” array comprises three triaxial accelerometers deployed at three levels in the superstructure. Such a sparse array in a tall structure limits a reliable assessment, because its performance must be based on only the average drift ratios. Based on the inferred values of this parameter, the subject building was not structurally damaged.

  16. Programming (Tips) for Physicists & Engineers

    ScienceCinema

    Ozcan, Erkcan

    2018-02-19

    Programming for today's physicists and engineers. Work environment: today's astroparticle, accelerator experiments and information industry rely on large collaborations. Need more than ever: code sharing/resuse, code building--framework integration, documentation and good visualization, working remotely, not reinventing the wheel.

  17. Programming (Tips) for Physicists & Engineers

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Ozcan, Erkcan

    2010-07-13

    Programming for today's physicists and engineers. Work environment: today's astroparticle, accelerator experiments and information industry rely on large collaborations. Need more than ever: code sharing/resuse, code building--framework integration, documentation and good visualization, working remotely, not reinventing the wheel.

  18. A combinatorial code for pattern formation in Drosophila oogenesis.

    PubMed

    Yakoby, Nir; Bristow, Christopher A; Gong, Danielle; Schafer, Xenia; Lembong, Jessica; Zartman, Jeremiah J; Halfon, Marc S; Schüpbach, Trudi; Shvartsman, Stanislav Y

    2008-11-01

    Two-dimensional patterning of the follicular epithelium in Drosophila oogenesis is required for the formation of three-dimensional eggshell structures. Our analysis of a large number of published gene expression patterns in the follicle cells suggests that they follow a simple combinatorial code based on six spatial building blocks and the operations of union, difference, intersection, and addition. The building blocks are related to the distribution of inductive signals, provided by the highly conserved epidermal growth factor receptor and bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathways. We demonstrate the validity of the code by testing it against a set of patterns obtained in a large-scale transcriptional profiling experiment. Using the proposed code, we distinguish 36 distinct patterns for 81 genes expressed in the follicular epithelium and characterize their joint dynamics over four stages of oogenesis. The proposed combinatorial framework allows systematic analysis of the diversity and dynamics of two-dimensional transcriptional patterns and guides future studies of gene regulation.

  19. Fusion PIC code performance analysis on the Cori KNL system

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Koskela, Tuomas S.; Deslippe, Jack; Friesen, Brian

    We study the attainable performance of Particle-In-Cell codes on the Cori KNL system by analyzing a miniature particle push application based on the fusion PIC code XGC1. We start from the most basic building blocks of a PIC code and build up the complexity to identify the kernels that cost the most in performance and focus optimization efforts there. Particle push kernels operate at high AI and are not likely to be memory bandwidth or even cache bandwidth bound on KNL. Therefore, we see only minor benefits from the high bandwidth memory available on KNL, and achieving good vectorization ismore » shown to be the most beneficial optimization path with theoretical yield of up to 8x speedup on KNL. In practice we are able to obtain up to a 4x gain from vectorization due to limitations set by the data layout and memory latency.« less

  20. Implementing nationally determined contributions: building energy policies in India’s mitigation strategy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yu, Sha; Evans, Meredydd; Kyle, Page; Vu, Linh; Tan, Qing; Gupta, Ashu; Patel, Pralit

    2018-03-01

    The Nationally Determined Contributions are allowing countries to examine options for reducing emissions through a range of domestic policies. India, like many developing countries, has committed to reducing emissions through specific policies, including building energy codes. Here we assess the potential of these sectoral policies to help in achieving mitigation targets. Collectively, it is critically important to see the potential impact of such policies across developing countries in meeting national and global emission goals. Buildings accounted for around one third of global final energy use in 2010, and building energy consumption is expected to increase as income grows in developing countries. Using the Global Change Assessment Model, this study finds that implementing a range of energy efficiency policies robustly can reduce total Indian building energy use by 22% and lower total Indian carbon dioxide emissions by 9% in 2050 compared to the business-as-usual scenario. Among various policies, energy codes for new buildings can result in the most significant savings. For all building energy policies, well-coordinated, consistent implementation is critical, which requires coordination across different departments and agencies, improving capacity of stakeholders, and developing appropriate institutions to facilitate policy implementation.

  1. Environmental performance of green building code and certification systems.

    PubMed

    Suh, Sangwon; Tomar, Shivira; Leighton, Matthew; Kneifel, Joshua

    2014-01-01

    We examined the potential life-cycle environmental impact reduction of three green building code and certification (GBCC) systems: LEED, ASHRAE 189.1, and IgCC. A recently completed whole-building life cycle assessment (LCA) database of NIST was applied to a prototype building model specification by NREL. TRACI 2.0 of EPA was used for life cycle impact assessment (LCIA). The results showed that the baseline building model generates about 18 thousand metric tons CO2-equiv. of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and consumes 6 terajoule (TJ) of primary energy and 328 million liter of water over its life-cycle. Overall, GBCC-compliant building models generated 0% to 25% less environmental impacts than the baseline case (average 14% reduction). The largest reductions were associated with acidification (25%), human health-respiratory (24%), and global warming (GW) (22%), while no reductions were observed for ozone layer depletion (OD) and land use (LU). The performances of the three GBCC-compliant building models measured in life-cycle impact reduction were comparable. A sensitivity analysis showed that the comparative results were reasonably robust, although some results were relatively sensitive to the behavioral parameters, including employee transportation and purchased electricity during the occupancy phase (average sensitivity coefficients 0.26-0.29).

  2. Effect of Response Reduction Factor on Peak Floor Acceleration Demand in Mid-Rise RC Buildings

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Surana, Mitesh; Singh, Yogendra; Lang, Dominik H.

    2017-06-01

    Estimation of Peak Floor Acceleration (PFA) demand along the height of a building is crucial for the seismic safety of nonstructural components. The effect of the level of inelasticity, controlled by the response reduction factor (strength ratio), is studied using incremental dynamic analysis. A total of 1120 nonlinear dynamic analyses, using a suite of 30 recorded ground motion time histories, are performed on mid-rise reinforced-concrete (RC) moment-resisting frame buildings covering a wide range in terms of their periods of vibration. The obtained PFA demands are compared with some of the major national seismic design and retrofit codes (IS 1893 draft version, ASCE 41, EN 1998, and NZS 1170.4). It is observed that the PFA demand at the building's roof level decreases with increasing period of vibration as well as with strength ratio. However, current seismic building codes do not account for these effects thereby producing very conservative estimates of PFA demands. Based on the identified parameters affecting the PFA demand, a model to obtain the PFA distribution along the height of a building is proposed. The proposed model is validated with spectrum-compatible time history analyses of the considered buildings with different strength ratios.

  3. 24 CFR 200.925b - Residential and institutional building code comparison items.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ...); (6) Individual unit smoke detectors; (7) Building alarm systems; (8) Highrise criteria; (b) Light and...) Design live loads; (2) Design dead loads; (3) Snow loads; (4) Wind loads. (5) Earthquake loads (in...

  4. 24 CFR 200.925b - Residential and institutional building code comparison items.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ...); (6) Individual unit smoke detectors; (7) Building alarm systems; (8) Highrise criteria; (b) Light and...) Design live loads; (2) Design dead loads; (3) Snow loads; (4) Wind loads. (5) Earthquake loads (in...

  5. 24 CFR 200.925b - Residential and institutional building code comparison items.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ...); (6) Individual unit smoke detectors; (7) Building alarm systems; (8) Highrise criteria; (b) Light and...) Design live loads; (2) Design dead loads; (3) Snow loads; (4) Wind loads. (5) Earthquake loads (in...

  6. Implementation of Premixed Equilibrium Chemistry Capability in OVERFLOW

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Olsen, M. E.; Liu, Y.; Vinokur, M.; Olsen, T.

    2003-01-01

    An implementation of premixed equilibrium chemistry has been completed for the OVERFLOW code, a chimera capable, complex geometry flow code widely used to predict transonic flowfields. The implementation builds on the computational efficiency and geometric generality of the solver.

  7. Implementation of Premixed Equilibrium Chemistry Capability in OVERFLOW

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Olsen, Mike E.; Liu, Yen; Vinokur, M.; Olsen, Tom

    2004-01-01

    An implementation of premixed equilibrium chemistry has been completed for the OVERFLOW code, a chimera capable, complex geometry flow code widely used to predict transonic flowfields. The implementation builds on the computational efficiency and geometric generality of the solver.

  8. 40 CFR Appendix III to Subpart S... - As-Received Inspection

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ...) General Compliance Provisions for Control of Air Pollution From New and In-Use Light-Duty Vehicles, Light... Reading 7. Build Date 8. MIL light on/off status 9. Readiness code status 10. Stored OBD codes 11.Any...

  9. Analysis of Design-Build Processes, Best Practices, and Applications to the Department of Defense

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-06-01

    NAVFAC design-build processes published in trade journals, books , magazines, internet articles, and DoD policy. In their book , Contract Management...literature review concentrates on recent articles published in books , trade magazines, and on the internet to determine design-build processes and...Keith Molenaar ) Design-build projects under the State of California’s Public Contract Code (Legaltips.org, 2006) requires the owner, for example the

  10. 130. ARAII Administration building (ARA613) vicinity map and plot plan ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    130. ARA-II Administration building (ARA-613) vicinity map and plot plan showing relationship to other existing buildings on site and to ARA-602, to which this building was attached. F.C. Torkelson Comapny 842-area/SL-1-101-U-1. Date: October 1959. Ineel index code no. 070-0101-65-851-150053. - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Army Reactors Experimental Area, Scoville, Butte County, ID

  11. Program for developing and implementing a new approach to designing for fire safety in buildings

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1975-01-01

    The traditional method of providing for fire safety in buildings through reliance on codes and standards that prescribe specific measures to be taken in the design and construction of buildings to minimize the potential for a fire occurring and to protect property and life should a fire occur was evaluated. A new approach to designing for fire safety in buildings is outlined.

  12. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Aldrich, Robb; Butterfield, Karla

    With funding from the Building America Program, part of the U.S. Department of Energy Building Technologies Office, the Consortium for Advanced Residential Buildings (CARB) worked with BrightBuilt Home (BBH) to evaluate and optimize building systems. CARB’s work focused on a home built by Black Bros. Builders in Lincolnville, Maine (International Energy Conservation Code Climate Zone 6). As with most BBH projects to date, modular boxes were built by Keiser Homes in Oxford, Maine.

  13. A&M. TAN633. Utilities plan and profiles. Layout of TAN633 in ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    A&M. TAN-633. Utilities plan and profiles. Layout of TAN-633 in relation to neighboring buildings: actuator building, pool building, water filter building, liquid waste treatment plant, and buried storage tanks. Ralph M. Parsons 1229-13-ANP/GE-3-301-U-1. Date: December 1956. INEEL index code no. 034-0301-00-693-107311 - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Test Area North, Scoville, Butte County, ID

  14. Building Interactive Simulations in Web Pages without Programming.

    PubMed

    Mailen Kootsey, J; McAuley, Grant; Bernal, Julie

    2005-01-01

    A software system is described for building interactive simulations and other numerical calculations in Web pages. The system is based on a new Java-based software architecture named NumberLinX (NLX) that isolates each function required to build the simulation so that a library of reusable objects could be assembled. The NLX objects are integrated into a commercial Web design program for coding-free page construction. The model description is entered through a wizard-like utility program that also functions as a model editor. The complete system permits very rapid construction of interactive simulations without coding. A wide range of applications are possible with the system beyond interactive calculations, including remote data collection and processing and collaboration over a network.

  15. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Yu, Sha; Evans, Meredydd; Shi, Qing

    China will account for about half of the new construction globally in the coming decade. Its floorspace doubled from 1996 to 2011, and Chinese rural buildings alone have as much floorspace as all of U.S. residential buildings. Building energy consumption has also grown, increasing by over 40% since 1990. To curb building energy demand, the Chinese government has launched a series of policies and programs. Combined, this growth in buildings and renovations, along with the policies to promote green buildings, are creating a large market for energy efficiency products and services. This report assesses the impact of China’s policies onmore » building energy efficiency and on the market for energy efficiency in the future. The first chapter of this report introduces the trends in China, drawing on both historical analysis, and detailed modeling of the drivers behind changes in floorspace and building energy demand such as economic and population growth, urbanization, policy. The analysis describes the trends by region, building type and energy service. The second chapter discusses China’s policies to promote green buildings. China began developing building energy codes in the 1980s. Over time, the central government has increased the stringency of the code requirements and the extent of enforcement. The codes are mandatory in all new buildings and major renovations in China’s cities, and they have been a driving force behind the expansion of China’s markets for insulation, efficient windows, and other green building materials. China also has several other important policies to encourage efficient buildings, including the Three-Star Rating System (somewhat akin to LEED), financial incentives tied to efficiency, appliance standards, a phasing out of incandescent bulbs and promotion of efficient lighting, and several policies to encourage retrofits in existing buildings. In the third chapter, we take “deep dives” into the trends affecting key building components. This chapter examines insulation in walls and roofs; efficient windows and doors; heating, air conditioning and controls; and lighting. These markets have seen significant growth because of the strength of the construction sector but also the specific policies that require and promote efficient building components. At the same time, as requirements have become more stringent, there has been fierce competition, and quality has at time suffered, which in turn has created additional challenges. Next we examine existing buildings in chapter four. China has many Soviet-style, inefficient buildings built before stringent requirements for efficiency were more widely enforced. As a result, there are several specific market opportunities related to retrofits. These fall into two or three categories. First, China now has a code for retrofitting residential buildings in the north. Local governments have targets of the number of buildings they must retrofit each year, and they help finance the changes. The requirements focus on insulation, windows, and heat distribution. Second, the Chinese government recently decided to increase the scale of its retrofits of government and state-owned buildings. It hopes to achieve large scale changes through energy service contracts, which creates an opportunity for energy service companies. Third, there is also a small but growing trend to apply energy service contracts to large commercial and residential buildings. This report assesses the impacts of China’s policies on building energy efficiency. By examining the existing literature and interviewing stakeholders from the public, academic, and private sectors, the report seeks to offer an in-depth insights of the opportunities and barriers for major market segments related to building energy efficiency. The report also discusses trends in building energy use, policies promoting building energy efficiency, and energy performance contracting for public building retrofits.« less

  16. 145. ARAIII Control building (ARA607) Sections. Shows highbay section of ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    145. ARA-III Control building (ARA-607) Sections. Shows high-bay section of building over crane rail and beam. Indicates materials of exterior siding. Aerojet-general 880-area/GCRE-607-A-11. Date: February 1958. Ineel index code no. 063-0607-00-013-102556. - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Army Reactors Experimental Area, Scoville, Butte County, ID

  17. Saving Literacy: How Marks Change Minds. A Guide for Professional Caregivers

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sheridan, Susan Rich

    2009-01-01

    An emphasis on scribbles and drawing as important brain-building behavior makes this book's Neuroconstructive theory of child development and Scribbling/Drawing/Writing practice unique. A child's brain builds itself in response to genetics, DNA codes, and the environment. One of the pre-determined ways a child's brain naturally builds itself is by…

  18. 2013 Building Technologies Office Program Peer Review Report

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    none,

    2013-11-01

    The 2013 Building Technologies Office Program Peer Review Report summarizes the results of the 2013 Building Technologies Office (BTO) peer review, which was held in Washington, D.C., on April 2–4, 2013. The review was attended by over 300 participants and included presentations on 59 BTO-funded projects: 29 from BTO’s Emerging Technologies Program, 20 from the Commercial Buildings Integration Program, 6 from the Residential Buildings Integration Program, and 4 from the Building Energy Codes Program. This report summarizes the scores and comments provided by the independent reviewers for each project.

  19. 36 CFR 1234.20 - What rules apply if there is a conflict between NARA standards and other regulatory standards...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... regional building codes, the following rules of precedence apply: (1) Between differing levels of fire... cannot be reconciled with a requirement of this part, the local or regional code applies. (b) If any of... require documentation of the mandatory nature of the conflicting code and the inability to reconcile that...

  20. 36 CFR 1234.20 - What rules apply if there is a conflict between NARA standards and other regulatory standards...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... regional building codes, the following rules of precedence apply: (1) Between differing levels of fire... cannot be reconciled with a requirement of this part, the local or regional code applies. (b) If any of... require documentation of the mandatory nature of the conflicting code and the inability to reconcile that...

  1. 36 CFR 1234.20 - What rules apply if there is a conflict between NARA standards and other regulatory standards...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... regional building codes, the following rules of precedence apply: (1) Between differing levels of fire... cannot be reconciled with a requirement of this part, the local or regional code applies. (b) If any of... require documentation of the mandatory nature of the conflicting code and the inability to reconcile that...

  2. 36 CFR § 1234.20 - What rules apply if there is a conflict between NARA standards and other regulatory standards...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... regional building codes, the following rules of precedence apply: (1) Between differing levels of fire... cannot be reconciled with a requirement of this part, the local or regional code applies. (b) If any of... require documentation of the mandatory nature of the conflicting code and the inability to reconcile that...

  3. Standardized reporting using CODES (Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System)

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1999-12-01

    While CODES projects have expanded to 25 states, there is no standardized reporting of the outcome measures that are available with linked data. This paper describes our efforts to build a standard format for reporting these outcomes. This format is ...

  4. 75 FR 19415 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection; Comment Request, 1660-0022...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-04-14

    ... implement practices, such as building codes and public education activities, that are considered to reduce..., Department of Homeland Security. [FR Doc. 2010-8496 Filed 4-13-10; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 9110-11-P ...

  5. High dynamic range coding imaging system

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wu, Renfan; Huang, Yifan; Hou, Guangqi

    2014-10-01

    We present a high dynamic range (HDR) imaging system design scheme based on coded aperture technique. This scheme can help us obtain HDR images which have extended depth of field. We adopt Sparse coding algorithm to design coded patterns. Then we utilize the sensor unit to acquire coded images under different exposure settings. With the guide of the multiple exposure parameters, a series of low dynamic range (LDR) coded images are reconstructed. We use some existing algorithms to fuse and display a HDR image by those LDR images. We build an optical simulation model and get some simulation images to verify the novel system.

  6. Technical Support Document for Version 3.4.0 of the COMcheck Software

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Bartlett, Rosemarie; Connell, Linda M.; Gowri, Krishnan

    2007-09-14

    COMcheck provides an optional way to demonstrate compliance with commercial and high-rise residential building energy codes. Commercial buildings include all use groups except single family and multifamily not over three stories in height. COMcheck was originally based on ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-1989 (Standard 90.1-1989) requirements and is intended for use with various codes based on Standard 90.1, including the Codification of ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-1989 (90.1-1989 Code) (ASHRAE 1989a, 1993b) and ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999 (Standard 90.1-1999). This includes jurisdictions that have adopted the 90.1-1989 Code, Standard 90.1-1989, Standard 90.1-1999, or their own code based on one of these. We view Standard 90.1-1989more » and the 90.1-1989 Code as having equivalent technical content and have used both as source documents in developing COMcheck. This technical support document (TSD) is designed to explain the technical basis for the COMcheck software as originally developed based on the ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-1989 (Standard 90.1-1989). Documentation for other national model codes and standards and specific state energy codes supported in COMcheck has been added to this report as appendices. These appendices are intended to provide technical documentation for features specific to the supported codes and for any changes made for state-specific codes that differ from the standard features that support compliance with the national model codes and standards.« less

  7. U.S. Seismic Design Maps Web Application

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Martinez, E.; Fee, J.

    2015-12-01

    The application computes earthquake ground motion design parameters compatible with the International Building Code and other seismic design provisions. It is the primary method for design engineers to obtain ground motion parameters for multiple building codes across the country. When designing new buildings and other structures, engineers around the country use the application. Users specify the design code of interest, location, and other parameters to obtain necessary ground motion information consisting of a high-level executive summary as well as detailed information including maps, data, and graphs. Results are formatted such that they can be directly included in a final engineering report. In addition to single-site analysis, the application supports a batch mode for simultaneous consideration of multiple locations. Finally, an application programming interface (API) is available which allows other application developers to integrate this application's results into larger applications for additional processing. Development on the application has proceeded in an iterative manner working with engineers through email, meetings, and workshops. Each iteration provided new features, improved performance, and usability enhancements. This development approach positioned the application to be integral to the structural design process and is now used to produce over 1800 reports daily. Recent efforts have enhanced the application to be a data-driven, mobile-first, responsive web application. Development is ongoing, and source code has recently been published into the open-source community on GitHub. Open-sourcing the code facilitates improved incorporation of user feedback to add new features ensuring the application's continued success.

  8. ANN modeling of DNA sequences: new strategies using DNA shape code.

    PubMed

    Parbhane, R V; Tambe, S S; Kulkarni, B D

    2000-09-01

    Two new encoding strategies, namely, wedge and twist codes, which are based on the DNA helical parameters, are introduced to represent DNA sequences in artificial neural network (ANN)-based modeling of biological systems. The performance of the new coding strategies has been evaluated by conducting three case studies involving mapping (modeling) and classification applications of ANNs. The proposed coding schemes have been compared rigorously and shown to outperform the existing coding strategies especially in situations wherein limited data are available for building the ANN models.

  9. A Tutorial for Building CMMI Process Performance Models

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-04-26

    70 90 120 1 0~-----0~----~ 2 Arch itecture/ Design All New Code M ajor Reuse of Code 55 70 90 8 10 15 2 0~-----0~----~ 3 Code All New Code M ajor...Robert Stoddard and Dave Zubrow © 2010 Carnegie Mellon University t "’ ·=··=· "’ •• ,. ...... ,. .... ~ .00 1 Arch [’ <si!JI ~h~;,...o ’ .. CodeChoice...Carnegie Mellon University : • Fit Model It; b][g~ El Model Select Columns 41111Delivered0efect; 411111nspection0 efect ..ollllnspectionCover

  10. Probabilistic seismic hazard zonation for the Cuban building code update

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Garcia, J.; Llanes-Buron, C.

    2013-05-01

    A probabilistic seismic hazard assessment has been performed in response to a revision and update of the Cuban building code (NC-46-99) for earthquake-resistant building construction. The hazard assessment have been done according to the standard probabilistic approach (Cornell, 1968) and importing the procedures adopted by other nations dealing with the problem of revising and updating theirs national building codes. Problems of earthquake catalogue treatment, attenuation of peak and spectral ground acceleration, as well as seismic source definition have been rigorously analyzed and a logic-tree approach was used to represent the inevitable uncertainties encountered through the whole seismic hazard estimation process. The seismic zonation proposed here, is formed by a map where it is reflected the behaviour of the spectral acceleration values for short (0.2 seconds) and large (1.0 seconds) periods on rock conditions with a 1642 -year return period, which being considered as maximum credible earthquake (ASCE 07-05). In addition, other three design levels are proposed (severe earthquake: with a 808 -year return period, ordinary earthquake: with a 475 -year return period and minimum earthquake: with a 225 -year return period). The seismic zonation proposed here fulfils the international standards (IBC-ICC) as well as the world tendencies in this thematic.

  11. Error-correction coding for digital communications

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Clark, G. C., Jr.; Cain, J. B.

    This book is written for the design engineer who must build the coding and decoding equipment and for the communication system engineer who must incorporate this equipment into a system. It is also suitable as a senior-level or first-year graduate text for an introductory one-semester course in coding theory. Fundamental concepts of coding are discussed along with group codes, taking into account basic principles, practical constraints, performance computations, coding bounds, generalized parity check codes, polynomial codes, and important classes of group codes. Other topics explored are related to simple nonalgebraic decoding techniques for group codes, soft decision decoding of block codes, algebraic techniques for multiple error correction, the convolutional code structure and Viterbi decoding, syndrome decoding techniques, and sequential decoding techniques. System applications are also considered, giving attention to concatenated codes, coding for the white Gaussian noise channel, interleaver structures for coded systems, and coding for burst noise channels.

  12. Taking the stairs instead: The impact of workplace design standards on health promotion strategies.

    PubMed

    McGann, Sarah; Jancey, Jonine; Tye, Marian

    2013-01-01

    Comprehensive health promotion in Western Australia has been conducted from the point of views of policy development, promotion, education and service delivery. Much of this recent work has been focused on supporting workplaces - but there has yet to be any real focus on the design of the actual physical workplace environment from a health promotion perspective. This paper is aimed at highlighting the gap in health promotion knowledge by addressing how the disciplines of architecture and health promotion can work together to challenge the regulations that dictate design practice and ultimately bridge that gap for long-term change. The overarching aim is to undertake further evidenced-based research that will inform best practice in the planning and design of workplaces to reduce sedentary behaviour and increase opportunities for physical activity. Within this wide objective this paper focuses in particular on the idea of stairs-versus-lift movement strategies within office buildings. By examining building design guidelines from a health promotion perspective we expose a central dichotomy, where health promotion posters say "Take the stairs instead" whereas the language of building design suggests that the lift is best. From a design point of view, the National Codes of Construction (NCC), formally known as the Building Codes of Australia (BCA), the essential technical regulation for all building design and construction, primarily addresses the concepts of 'egress' and 'travel distance' for escape in the event of fire, and building access in terms of universal access. Additionally, The Property Council of Australia's Guide to Office Building Quality prioritises lift performance criteria along with the quality and experience of lift use as a major grading factor. There is no provision in either set of standards for staircase quality and experience. The stairs, despite being promoted as better life choice for better health, is not promoted through these building codes nor, consequently, through the building design in actuality. It is proposed that health promotion strategies could be coupled with design-led movement strategies in workplace design so that the promotional language, such as "take the stairs instead", is balanced by the design language of the building.

  13. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Arkansas

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Arkansas. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2009 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Arkansas.

  14. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Texas

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Texas. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2009 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Texas.

  15. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Minnesota

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Minnesota. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2012 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Minnesota.

  16. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Indiana

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Indiana. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2009 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Indiana.

  17. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Oklahoma

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Oklahoma. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2009 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Oklahoma.

  18. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Florida

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Florida. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2012 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Florida.

  19. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Maine

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Maine. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2009 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Maine.

  20. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Vermont

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Vermont. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2012 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Vermont.

  1. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Louisiana

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Louisiana. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2009 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Louisiana.

  2. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Alabama

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Alabama. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2009 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Alabama.

  3. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Colorado

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Colorado. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2009 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Colorado.

  4. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Michigan

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Michigan. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2009 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Michigan.

  5. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Maryland

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Maryland. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2012 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Maryland.

  6. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Pennsylvania

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Pennsylvania. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2009 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Pennsylvania.

  7. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Massachusetts

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Massachusetts. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2012 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Massachusetts.

  8. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Wisconsin

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Wisconsin. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2006 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Wisconsin.

  9. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Ohio

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Ohio. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2009 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Ohio.

  10. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Illinois

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Illinois. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2012 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Illinois.

  11. 7 CFR 1924.4 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ...) Contractor. The individual or organization with whom the borrower enters into a contract for construction or...)(i)(E) of this subpart. (2) Voluntary national model building codes (model codes). Comprehensive... Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Minimum Property Standards for Housing, Handbook 4910.1...

  12. Implementation of Finite Rate Chemistry Capability in OVERFLOW

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Olsen, M. E.; Venkateswaran, S.; Prabhu, D. K.

    2004-01-01

    An implementation of both finite rate and equilibrium chemistry have been completed for the OVERFLOW code, a chimera capable, complex geometry flow code widely used to predict transonic flow fields. The implementation builds on the computational efficiency and geometric generality of the solver.

  13. Establishing a commercial building energy data framework for India

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Iyer, Maithili; Kumar, Satish; Mathew, Sangeeta

    Buildings account for over 40% of the world’s energy consumption and are therefore a key contributor to a country’s energy as well as carbon budget. Understanding how buildings use energy is critical to understanding how related policies may impact energy use. Data enables decision making, and good quality data arms consumers with the tools to compare their energy performance to their peers, allowing them to differentiate their buildings in the real estate market on the basis of their energy footprint. Good quality data are also essential for policy makers to prioritize their energy saving strategies and track implementation. The Unitedmore » States’ Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) is an example of a successful data framework that is highly useful for governmental and nongovernmental initiatives related to benchmarking energy forecasting, rating systems and metrics, and more. The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) in India developed the Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) and launched the Star Labeling program for a few energy-intensive building segments as a significant first step. However, a data driven policy framework for systematically targeting energy efficiency in both new construction and existing buildings has largely been missing. There is no quantifiable mechanism currently in place to track the impact of code adoption through regular reporting/survey of energy consumption in the commercial building stock. In this paper we present findings from our study that explored use cases and approaches for establishing a commercial buildings data framework for India.« less

  14. 10 CFR 434.504 - Use of the prototype building to determine the energy cost budget.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Alternative § 434.504 Use of the prototype building to determine the energy cost budget. 504.1Determine the... 10 Energy 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Use of the prototype building to determine the energy cost budget. 434.504 Section 434.504 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW...

  15. 10 CFR 434.504 - Use of the prototype building to determine the energy cost budget.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Alternative § 434.504 Use of the prototype building to determine the energy cost budget. 504.1Determine the... 10 Energy 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Use of the prototype building to determine the energy cost budget. 434.504 Section 434.504 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW...

  16. 10 CFR 434.506 - Use of the reference building to determine the energy cost budget.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Alternative § 434.506 Use of the reference building to determine the energy cost budget. 506.1Each floor shall... 10 Energy 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Use of the reference building to determine the energy cost budget. 434.506 Section 434.506 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW...

  17. 10 CFR 434.506 - Use of the reference building to determine the energy cost budget.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Alternative § 434.506 Use of the reference building to determine the energy cost budget. 506.1Each floor shall... 10 Energy 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Use of the reference building to determine the energy cost budget. 434.506 Section 434.506 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW...

  18. 10 CFR 434.504 - Use of the prototype building to determine the energy cost budget.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... Alternative § 434.504 Use of the prototype building to determine the energy cost budget. 504.1 Determine the... 10 Energy 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Use of the prototype building to determine the energy cost budget. 434.504 Section 434.504 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW...

  19. 10 CFR 434.504 - Use of the prototype building to determine the energy cost budget.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... Alternative § 434.504 Use of the prototype building to determine the energy cost budget. 504.1Determine the... 10 Energy 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Use of the prototype building to determine the energy cost budget. 434.504 Section 434.504 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW...

  20. 10 CFR 434.506 - Use of the reference building to determine the energy cost budget.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... Alternative § 434.506 Use of the reference building to determine the energy cost budget. 506.1 Each floor... 10 Energy 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Use of the reference building to determine the energy cost budget. 434.506 Section 434.506 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW...

  1. 10 CFR 434.506 - Use of the reference building to determine the energy cost budget.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... Alternative § 434.506 Use of the reference building to determine the energy cost budget. 506.1Each floor shall... 10 Energy 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Use of the reference building to determine the energy cost budget. 434.506 Section 434.506 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW...

  2. Fire containment in wood construction doesn’t just happen

    Treesearch

    Robert H. White; Kuma Sumathipala

    2007-01-01

    Regardless of the type of construction, structures capable of containing a fully developed fire do not just happen. Fire walls or area separation walls play an important role in the building codes in that they allow each portion of a building separated by such walls to be treated as a separate building. Attention to construction details is critical to maximizing the...

  3. IET. Tank building (TAN627). Plans, elevation, details. shows position of ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    IET. Tank building (TAN-627). Plans, elevation, details. shows position of tanks within building and concrete supports. Ralph M. Parsons 902-4-ANP-627-A&S 420. Date: Fabruary 1954. Approved by INEEL Classification Office for public release. INEEL index code no. 035-0627-00-693-106975 - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Test Area North, Scoville, Butte County, ID

  4. 110. ARAI support facilities. Index of drawings related to initial ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    110. ARA-I support facilities. Index of drawings related to initial construction of hot cell building ARA-626, shop and maintenance building ARA-627, and other buildings at ARA-I. Date: Circa January 1959. Norman Engineering Company. Ineel index code no. 068-9999-80-613-102703. - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Army Reactors Experimental Area, Scoville, Butte County, ID

  5. 158. ARAIII Reactor building (ARA608) Secondary cooling loop and piping ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    158. ARA-III Reactor building (ARA-608) Secondary cooling loop and piping plan. This drawing was selected as a typical example of piping arrangements within reactor building. Aerojet/general 880-area/GCRE-608-P-16. Date: February 1958. INeel index code no. 063-0608-50-013-102641. - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Army Reactors Experimental Area, Scoville, Butte County, ID

  6. Field investigation on severely damaged aseismic buildings in 2014 Ludian earthquake

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lin, Xuchuan; Zhang, Haoyu; Chen, Hongfu; Chen, Hao; Lin, Junqi

    2015-03-01

    The 2014 magnitude 6.5 Ludian earthquake caused a death toll of 617, many landslides and tens of thousands of collapsed buildings. A field investigation to evaluate the damage to buildings was carried out immediately after the occurrence of the earthquake. Severely damaged aseismic buildings, which were basically observed in the downtown of Longtoushan Town, were carefully examined one by one with the aim to improve design codes. This paper summarizes the damage observed to the investigated aseismic buildings in both the structural and local levels. A common failure mode was observed that most of the aseismic buildings, such as RC frame structures and confined masonry structures, were similarly destroyed by severe damage or complete collapse of the first story. The related strong ground motion, which was recorded at the nearby station, had a short duration of less than 20 s but a very large PGA up to 1.0 g. The RC frames based on the new design codes still failed to achieve the design target for "strong column, weak beam". Typical local failure details, which were related to the interaction between RC columns and infill walls and between constructional columns and masonry walls, are summarized with preliminary analyses.

  7. Reducing EnergyPlus Run Time For Code Compliance Tools

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Athalye, Rahul A.; Gowri, Krishnan; Schultz, Robert W.

    2014-09-12

    Integration of the EnergyPlus ™ simulation engine into performance-based code compliance software raises a concern about simulation run time, which impacts timely feedback of compliance results to the user. EnergyPlus annual simulations for proposed and code baseline building models, and mechanical equipment sizing result in simulation run times beyond acceptable limits. This paper presents a study that compares the results of a shortened simulation time period using 4 weeks of hourly weather data (one per quarter), to an annual simulation using full 52 weeks of hourly weather data. Three representative building types based on DOE Prototype Building Models and threemore » climate zones were used for determining the validity of using a shortened simulation run period. Further sensitivity analysis and run time comparisons were made to evaluate the robustness and run time savings of using this approach. The results of this analysis show that the shortened simulation run period provides compliance index calculations within 1% of those predicted using annual simulation results, and typically saves about 75% of simulation run time.« less

  8. Compliance Verification Paths for Residential and Commercial Energy Codes

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Conover, David R.; Makela, Eric J.; Fannin, Jerica D.

    2011-10-10

    This report looks at different ways to verify energy code compliance and to ensure that the energy efficiency goals of an adopted document are achieved. Conformity assessment is the body of work that ensures compliance, including activities that can ensure residential and commercial buildings satisfy energy codes and standards. This report identifies and discusses conformity-assessment activities and provides guidance for conducting assessments.

  9. Residential photovoltaic module and array requirements study, appendices

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Nearhoof, S. L.; Oster, J. R.

    1979-01-01

    Regional building code variations, federal and city codes, and the national electric code are reviewed for their possible effects on the design of photovoltaic modules. Problems that photovoltaic arrays may impose on the insurability of residences are also discussed. Mounting configurations are developed for the modules, and grounding, wiring, terminal, and voltage requirements are established. Installation and materials costs are presented along with performance criteria.

  10. Updates to building-code maps for the 2015 NEHRP recommended seismic provisions

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Luco, Nicolas; Bachman, Robert; Crouse, C.B; Harris, James R.; Hooper, John D.; Kircher, Charles A.; Caldwell, Phillp; Rukstales, Kenneth S.

    2015-01-01

    With the 2014 update of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) as a basis, the Building Seismic Safety Council (BSSC) has updated the earthquake ground motion maps in the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) Recommended Seismic Provisions for New Buildings and Other Structures, with partial funding from the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Anticipated adoption of the updated maps into the American Society of Civil Engineers Minimum Design Loads for Building and Other Structures and the International Building and Residential Codes is underway. Relative to the ground motions in the prior edition of each of these documents, most of the updated values are within a ±20% change. The larger changes are, in most cases, due to the USGS NSHM updates, reasons for which are given in companion publications. In some cases, the larger changes are partly due to a BSSC update of the slope of the fragility curve that is used to calculate the risk-targeted ground motions, and/or the introduction by BSSC of a quantitative definition of “active faults” used to calculate deterministic ground motions.

  11. Towards Realistic Implementations of a Majorana Surface Code.

    PubMed

    Landau, L A; Plugge, S; Sela, E; Altland, A; Albrecht, S M; Egger, R

    2016-02-05

    Surface codes have emerged as promising candidates for quantum information processing. Building on the previous idea to realize the physical qubits of such systems in terms of Majorana bound states supported by topological semiconductor nanowires, we show that the basic code operations, namely projective stabilizer measurements and qubit manipulations, can be implemented by conventional tunnel conductance probes and charge pumping via single-electron transistors, respectively. The simplicity of the access scheme suggests that a functional code might be in close experimental reach.

  12. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for Rhode Island

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in Rhode Island. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2012 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in Rhode Island.

  13. 25 CFR 256.22 - How can I be sure that the work that is being done on my dwelling meets minimum construction...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... construction, a trained and qualified servicing housing office representative or building inspector will review the construction to ensure that it meets applicable minimum construction standards and building codes...

  14. 25 CFR 256.22 - How can I be sure that the work that is being done on my dwelling meets minimum construction...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... construction, a trained and qualified servicing housing office representative or building inspector will review the construction to ensure that it meets applicable minimum construction standards and building codes...

  15. 25 CFR 256.22 - How can I be sure that the work that is being done on my dwelling meets minimum construction...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... construction, a trained and qualified servicing housing office representative or building inspector will review the construction to ensure that it meets applicable minimum construction standards and building codes...

  16. 25 CFR 256.22 - How can I be sure that the work that is being done on my dwelling meets minimum construction...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... construction, a trained and qualified servicing housing office representative or building inspector will review the construction to ensure that it meets applicable minimum construction standards and building codes...

  17. 25 CFR 256.22 - How can I be sure that the work that is being done on my dwelling meets minimum construction...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... construction, a trained and qualified servicing housing office representative or building inspector will review the construction to ensure that it meets applicable minimum construction standards and building codes...

  18. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Residential Provisions of the 2015 IECC for South Carolina

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mendon, Vrushali V.; Zhao, Mingjie; Taylor, Zachary T.

    2016-02-15

    The 2015 IECC provides cost-effective savings for residential buildings in South Carolina. Moving to the 2015 IECC from the 2009 IECC base code is cost-effective for residential buildings in all climate zones in South Carolina.

  19. 7 CFR 4274.337 - Other regulatory requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ....337 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL BUSINESS-COOPERATIVE... recipient on the basis of sex, marital status, race, color, religion, national origin, age, physical or... of one of the following model building codes or the latest edition of that code providing an...

  20. 24 CFR 983.155 - Completion of housing.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... with local requirements (such as code and zoning requirements); and (ii) An architect's certification that the housing complies with: (A) HUD housing quality standards; (B) State, local, or other building codes; (C) Zoning; (D) The rehabilitation work write-up (for rehabilitated housing) or the work...

  1. 24 CFR 983.155 - Completion of housing.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... with local requirements (such as code and zoning requirements); and (ii) An architect's certification that the housing complies with: (A) HUD housing quality standards; (B) State, local, or other building codes; (C) Zoning; (D) The rehabilitation work write-up (for rehabilitated housing) or the work...

  2. 24 CFR 983.155 - Completion of housing.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... with local requirements (such as code and zoning requirements); and (ii) An architect's certification that the housing complies with: (A) HUD housing quality standards; (B) State, local, or other building codes; (C) Zoning; (D) The rehabilitation work write-up (for rehabilitated housing) or the work...

  3. 24 CFR 983.155 - Completion of housing.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... with local requirements (such as code and zoning requirements); and (ii) An architect's certification that the housing complies with: (A) HUD housing quality standards; (B) State, local, or other building codes; (C) Zoning; (D) The rehabilitation work write-up (for rehabilitated housing) or the work...

  4. 24 CFR 983.155 - Completion of housing.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... with local requirements (such as code and zoning requirements); and (ii) An architect's certification that the housing complies with: (A) HUD housing quality standards; (B) State, local, or other building codes; (C) Zoning; (D) The rehabilitation work write-up (for rehabilitated housing) or the work...

  5. Outdoor Lighting Ordinances

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Davis, S.

    2004-05-01

    A principal means to prevent poor exterior lighting practices is a lighting control ordinance. It is an enforceable legal restriction on specific lighting practices that are deemed unacceptable by the government body having jurisdiction. Outdoor lighting codes have proven to be effective at reducing polluting and trespassing light. A well written exterior lighting code will permit all forms of necessary illumination at reasonable intensities, but will demand shielding and other measures to prevent trespass and light pollution. A good code will also apply to all forms of outdoor lighting, including streets, highways, and exterior signs, as well as the lighting on dwellings, commercial and industrial buildings and building sites. A good code can make exceptions for special uses, provided it complies with an effective standard. The IDA Model Lighting Ordinance is a response to these requests. It is intended as an aid to communities that are seeking to take control of their outdoor lighting, to "take back the night" that is being lost to careless and excessive use of night lighting.

  6. Selected Problems of Applying the Law in Adaptation and Modernization of Buildings in Poland

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Korbel, Wojciech

    2016-06-01

    Chosen problems of law implementation in the contemporary process of building's modernization in Poland. One of the major problems in the contemporary process of building's modernization in Poland is the pluralism of different interpretations of chosen legal terms, existing in the contemporary building code. Incorrect interpretation, results in the incorrect application to the authorities for the proper building permit and as the effect, it causes the lost of time and money. The article tries to identify some of these problems and seeks the solution to solve them, through the evolutionary method of building law creation.

  7. New Whole-House Solutions Case Study: Challenges of Achieving 2012 IECC Air Sealing Requirements in Multifamily Dwellings, Upstate New York

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    None

    2014-11-01

    While previous versions of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) have included provisions to improve the air tightness of dwellings, for the first time, the 2012 IECC mandates compliance verification through blower door testing. Simply completing the Air Barrier and Insulation Installation checklist through visual inspection is no longer sufficient; the 2012 IECC mandates a significantly stricter air sealing requirement. In Climate Zones 3 through 8, air leakage may not exceed 3 ACH50, which is a significant reduction from the 2009 IECC requirement of 7 ACH50. This requirement is for all residential buildings, which includes low-rise multifamily dwellings. While thismore » air leakage rate requirement is an important component to achieving an efficient building thermal envelope, currently, the code language doesn't explicitly address differences between single family and multifamily applications. In addition, the 2012 IECC does not provide an option to sample dwellings for larger multifamily buildings, so compliance would have to be verified on every unit. With compliance with the 2012 IECC air leakage requirements on the horizon, several of Building America team Consortium for Advanced Residential Building's (CARB) multifamily builder partners are evaluating how best to comply with this requirement. Builders are not sure whether it is more practical or beneficial to simply pay for guarded testing or to revise their air sealing strategies to improve compartmentalization to comply with code requirements based on unguarded blower door testing. This report summarizes CARB's research that was conducted to assess the feasibility of meeting the 2012 IECC air leakage requirements in three multifamily buildings.« less

  8. Megaquakes, prograde surface waves and urban evolution

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lomnitz, C.; Castaños, H.

    2013-05-01

    Cities grow according to evolutionary principles. They move away from soft-ground conditions and avoid vulnerable types of structures. A megaquake generates prograde surface waves that produce unexpected damage in modern buildings. The examples (Figs. 1 and 2) were taken from the 1985 Mexico City and the 2010 Concepción, Chile megaquakes. About 400 structures built under supervision according to modern building codes were destroyed in the Mexican earthquake. All were sited on soft ground. A Rayleigh wave will cause surface particles to move as ellipses in a vertical plane. Building codes assume that this motion will be retrograde as on a homogeneous elastic halfspace, but soft soils are intermediate materials between a solid and a liquid. When Poisson's ratio tends to ν→0.5 the particle motion turns prograde as it would on a homogeneous fluid halfspace. Building codes assume that the tilt of the ground is not in phase with the acceleration but we show that structures on soft ground tilt into the direction of the horizontal ground acceleration. The combined effect of gravity and acceleration may destabilize a structure when it is in resonance with its eigenfrequency. Castaños, H. and C. Lomnitz, 2013. Charles Darwin and the 1835 Chile earthquake. Seismol. Res. Lett., 84, 19-23. Lomnitz, C., 1990. Mexico 1985: the case for gravity waves. Geophys. J. Int., 102, 569-572. Malischewsky, P.G. et al., 2008. The domain of existence of prograde Rayleigh-wave particle motion. Wave Motion 45, 556-564.; Figure 1 1985 Mexico megaquake--overturned 15-story apartment building in Mexico City ; Figure 2 2010 Chile megaquake Overturned 15-story R-C apartment building in Concepción

  9. Potential impacts of climate change on the built environment: ASHRAE climate zones, building codes and national energy efficiency

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    New, Joshua Ryan; Kumar, Jitendra; Hoffman, Forrest M.

    Statement of the Problem: ASHRAE releases updates to 90.1 “Energy Standard for Buildings except Low-Rise Residential Buildings” every three years resulting in a 3.7%-17.3% increase in energy efficiency for buildings with each release. This is adopted by or informs building codes in nations across the globe, is the National Standard for the US, and individual states elect which release year of the standard they will enforce. These codes are built upon Standard 169 “Climatic Data for Building Design Standards,” the latest 2017 release of which defines climate zones based on 8, 118 weather stations throughout the world and data frommore » the past 8-25 years. This data may not be indicative of the weather that new buildings built today, will see during their upcoming 30-120 year lifespan. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Using more modern, high-resolution datasets from climate satellites, IPCC climate models (PCM and HadGCM), high performance computing resources (Titan) and new capabilities for clustering and optimization the authors briefly analyzed different methods for redefining climate zones. Using bottom-up analysis of multiple meteorological variables which were the subject matter, experts selected as being important to energy consumption, rather than the heating/cooling degree days currently used. Findings: We analyzed the accuracy of redefined climate zones, compared to current climate zones and how the climate zones moved under different climate change scenarios, and quantified the accuracy of these methods on a local level, at a national scale for the US. Conclusion & Significance: There is likely to be a significant annual, national energy and cost (billions USD) savings that could be realized by adjusting climate zones to take into account anticipated trends or scenarios in regional weather patterns.« less

  10. Provably trustworthy systems.

    PubMed

    Klein, Gerwin; Andronick, June; Keller, Gabriele; Matichuk, Daniel; Murray, Toby; O'Connor, Liam

    2017-10-13

    We present recent work on building and scaling trustworthy systems with formal, machine-checkable proof from the ground up, including the operating system kernel, at the level of binary machine code. We first give a brief overview of the seL4 microkernel verification and how it can be used to build verified systems. We then show two complementary techniques for scaling these methods to larger systems: proof engineering, to estimate verification effort; and code/proof co-generation, for scalable development of provably trustworthy applications.This article is part of the themed issue 'Verified trustworthy software systems'. © 2017 The Author(s).

  11. Resistor-logic demultiplexers for nanoelectronics based on constant-weight codes.

    PubMed

    Kuekes, Philip J; Robinett, Warren; Roth, Ron M; Seroussi, Gadiel; Snider, Gregory S; Stanley Williams, R

    2006-02-28

    The voltage margin of a resistor-logic demultiplexer can be improved significantly by basing its connection pattern on a constant-weight code. Each distinct code determines a unique demultiplexer, and therefore a large family of circuits is defined. We consider using these demultiplexers for building nanoscale crossbar memories, and determine the voltage margin of the memory system based on a particular code. We determine a purely code-theoretic criterion for selecting codes that will yield memories with large voltage margins, which is to minimize the ratio of the maximum to the minimum Hamming distance between distinct codewords. For the specific example of a 64 × 64 crossbar, we discuss what codes provide optimal performance for a memory.

  12. Collaborating in the context of co-location: a grounded theory study.

    PubMed

    Wener, Pamela; Woodgate, Roberta L

    2016-03-10

    Most individuals with mental health concerns seek care from their primary care provider, who may lack comfort, knowledge, and time to provide care. Interprofessional collaboration between providers improves access to primary mental health services and increases primary care providers' comfort offering these services. Building and sustaining interprofessional relationships is foundational to collaborative practice in primary care settings. However, little is known about the relationship building process within these collaborative relationships. The purpose of this grounded theory study was to gain a theoretical understanding of the interprofessional collaborative relationship-building process to guide health care providers and leaders as they integrate mental health services into primary care settings. Forty primary and mental health care providers completed a demographic questionnaire and participated in either an individual or group interview. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were reviewed several times and then individually coded. Codes were reviewed and similar codes were collapsed to form categories using using constant comparison. All codes and categories were discussed amongst the researchers and the final categories and core category was agreed upon using constant comparison and consensus. A four-stage developmental interprofessional collaborative relationship-building model explained the emergent core category of Collaboration in the Context of Co-location. The four stages included 1) Looking for Help, 2) Initiating Co-location, 3) Fitting-in, and 4) Growing Reciprocity. A patient-focus and communication strategies were essential processes throughout the interprofessional collaborative relationship-building process. Building interprofessional collaborative relationships amongst health care providers are essential to delivering mental health services in primary care settings. This developmental model describes the process of how these relationships are co-created and supported by the health care region. Furthermore, the model emphasizes that all providers must develop and sustain a patient-focus and communication strategies that are flexible. Applying this model, health care providers can guide the creation and sustainability of primary care interprofessional collaborative relationships. Moreover, this model may guide health care leaders and policy makers as they initiate interprofessional collaborative practice in other health care settings.

  13. Technical Support Document for Version 3.9.0 of the COMcheck Software

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Bartlett, Rosemarie; Connell, Linda M.; Gowri, Krishnan

    2011-09-01

    COMcheck provides an optional way to demonstrate compliance with commercial and high-rise residential building energy codes. Commercial buildings include all use groups except single family and multifamily not over three stories in height. COMcheck was originally based on ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-1989 (Standard 90.1-1989) requirements and is intended for use with various codes based on Standard 90.1, including the Codification of ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-1989 (90.1-1989 Code) (ASHRAE 1989a, 1993b) and ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999 (Standard 90.1-1999). This includes jurisdictions that have adopted the 90.1-1989 Code, Standard 90.1-1989, Standard 90.1-1999, or their own code based on one of these. We view Standard 90.1-1989more » and the 90.1-1989 Code as having equivalent technical content and have used both as source documents in developing COMcheck. This technical support document (TSD) is designed to explain the technical basis for the COMcheck software as originally developed based on the ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-1989 (Standard 90.1-1989). Documentation for other national model codes and standards and specific state energy codes supported in COMcheck has been added to this report as appendices. These appendices are intended to provide technical documentation for features specific to the supported codes and for any changes made for state-specific codes that differ from the standard features that support compliance with the national model codes and standards. Beginning with COMcheck version 3.8.0, support for 90.1-1989, 90.1-1999, and the 1998 IECC are no longer included, but those sections remain in this document for reference purposes.« less

  14. Technical Support Document for Version 3.9.1 of the COMcheck Software

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Bartlett, Rosemarie; Connell, Linda M.; Gowri, Krishnan

    2012-09-01

    COMcheck provides an optional way to demonstrate compliance with commercial and high-rise residential building energy codes. Commercial buildings include all use groups except single family and multifamily not over three stories in height. COMcheck was originally based on ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-1989 (Standard 90.1-1989) requirements and is intended for use with various codes based on Standard 90.1, including the Codification of ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-1989 (90.1-1989 Code) (ASHRAE 1989a, 1993b) and ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999 (Standard 90.1-1999). This includes jurisdictions that have adopted the 90.1-1989 Code, Standard 90.1-1989, Standard 90.1-1999, or their own code based on one of these. We view Standard 90.1-1989more » and the 90.1-1989 Code as having equivalent technical content and have used both as source documents in developing COMcheck. This technical support document (TSD) is designed to explain the technical basis for the COMcheck software as originally developed based on the ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-1989 (Standard 90.1-1989). Documentation for other national model codes and standards and specific state energy codes supported in COMcheck has been added to this report as appendices. These appendices are intended to provide technical documentation for features specific to the supported codes and for any changes made for state-specific codes that differ from the standard features that support compliance with the national model codes and standards. Beginning with COMcheck version 3.8.0, support for 90.1-1989, 90.1-1999, and the 1998 IECC and version 3.9.0 support for 2000 and 2001 IECC are no longer included, but those sections remain in this document for reference purposes.« less

  15. Assessment of the Potential to Achieve very Low Energy Use in Public Buildings in China with Advanced Window and Shading Systems

    DOE PAGES

    Lee, Eleanor; Pang, Xiufeng; McNeil, Andrew; ...

    2015-05-29

    Here, as rapid growth in the construction industry continues to occur in China, the increased demand for a higher standard living is driving significant growth in energy use and demand across the country. Building codes and standards have been implemented to head off this trend, tightening prescriptive requirements for fenestration component measures using methods similar to the US model energy code American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) 90.1. The objective of this study is to (a) provide an overview of applicable code requirements and current efforts within China to enable characterization and comparison of window and shadingmore » products, and (b) quantify the load reduction and energy savings potential of several key advanced window and shading systems, given the divergent views on how space conditioning requirements will be met in the future. System-level heating and cooling loads and energy use performance were evaluated for a code-compliant large office building using the EnergyPlus building energy simulation program. Commercially-available, highly-insulating, low-emittance windows were found to produce 24-66% lower perimeter zone HVAC electricity use compared to the mandated energy-efficiency standard in force (GB 50189-2005) in cold climates like Beijing. Low-e windows with operable exterior shading produced up to 30-80% reductions in perimeter zone HVAC electricity use in Beijing and 18-38% reductions in Shanghai compared to the standard. The economic context of China is unique since the cost of labor and materials for the building industry is so low. Broad deployment of these commercially available technologies with the proper supporting infrastructure for design, specification, and verification in the field would enable significant reductions in energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in the near term.« less

  16. Assessment of the Potential to Achieve very Low Energy Use in Public Buildings in China with Advanced Window and Shading Systems

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Lee, Eleanor; Pang, Xiufeng; McNeil, Andrew

    Here, as rapid growth in the construction industry continues to occur in China, the increased demand for a higher standard living is driving significant growth in energy use and demand across the country. Building codes and standards have been implemented to head off this trend, tightening prescriptive requirements for fenestration component measures using methods similar to the US model energy code American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) 90.1. The objective of this study is to (a) provide an overview of applicable code requirements and current efforts within China to enable characterization and comparison of window and shadingmore » products, and (b) quantify the load reduction and energy savings potential of several key advanced window and shading systems, given the divergent views on how space conditioning requirements will be met in the future. System-level heating and cooling loads and energy use performance were evaluated for a code-compliant large office building using the EnergyPlus building energy simulation program. Commercially-available, highly-insulating, low-emittance windows were found to produce 24-66% lower perimeter zone HVAC electricity use compared to the mandated energy-efficiency standard in force (GB 50189-2005) in cold climates like Beijing. Low-e windows with operable exterior shading produced up to 30-80% reductions in perimeter zone HVAC electricity use in Beijing and 18-38% reductions in Shanghai compared to the standard. The economic context of China is unique since the cost of labor and materials for the building industry is so low. Broad deployment of these commercially available technologies with the proper supporting infrastructure for design, specification, and verification in the field would enable significant reductions in energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in the near term.« less

  17. SKIRT: The design of a suite of input models for Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulations

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Baes, M.; Camps, P.

    2015-09-01

    The Monte Carlo method is the most popular technique to perform radiative transfer simulations in a general 3D geometry. The algorithms behind and acceleration techniques for Monte Carlo radiative transfer are discussed extensively in the literature, and many different Monte Carlo codes are publicly available. On the contrary, the design of a suite of components that can be used for the distribution of sources and sinks in radiative transfer codes has received very little attention. The availability of such models, with different degrees of complexity, has many benefits. For example, they can serve as toy models to test new physical ingredients, or as parameterised models for inverse radiative transfer fitting. For 3D Monte Carlo codes, this requires algorithms to efficiently generate random positions from 3D density distributions. We describe the design of a flexible suite of components for the Monte Carlo radiative transfer code SKIRT. The design is based on a combination of basic building blocks (which can be either analytical toy models or numerical models defined on grids or a set of particles) and the extensive use of decorators that combine and alter these building blocks to more complex structures. For a number of decorators, e.g. those that add spiral structure or clumpiness, we provide a detailed description of the algorithms that can be used to generate random positions. Advantages of this decorator-based design include code transparency, the avoidance of code duplication, and an increase in code maintainability. Moreover, since decorators can be chained without problems, very complex models can easily be constructed out of simple building blocks. Finally, based on a number of test simulations, we demonstrate that our design using customised random position generators is superior to a simpler design based on a generic black-box random position generator.

  18. Making Semantic Waves: A Key to Cumulative Knowledge-Building

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Maton, Karl

    2013-01-01

    The paper begins by arguing that knowledge-blindness in educational research represents a serious obstacle to understanding knowledge-building. It then offers sociological concepts from Legitimation Code Theory--"semantic gravity" and "semantic density"--that systematically conceptualize one set of organizing principles underlying knowledge…

  19. 10 CFR 434.605 - Standard Calculation Procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Standard Calculation Procedure. 434.605 Section 434.605 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Compliance Alternative § 434.605 Standard Calculation...

  20. 10 CFR 434.605 - Standard Calculation Procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Standard Calculation Procedure. 434.605 Section 434.605 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Compliance Alternative § 434.605 Standard Calculation...

  1. 10 CFR 434.513 - Occupancy.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Occupancy. 434.513 Section 434.513 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.513 Occupancy. 5131Occupancy schedules are...

  2. 10 CFR 434.510 - Standard calculation procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Standard calculation procedure. 434.510 Section 434.510 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.510 Standard...

  3. 10 CFR 434.605 - Standard Calculation Procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Standard Calculation Procedure. 434.605 Section 434.605 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Compliance Alternative § 434.605 Standard Calculation...

  4. 10 CFR 434.513 - Occupancy.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Occupancy. 434.513 Section 434.513 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.513 Occupancy. 5131 Occupancy schedules are...

  5. 10 CFR 434.605 - Standard Calculation Procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Standard Calculation Procedure. 434.605 Section 434.605 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Compliance Alternative § 434.605 Standard Calculation...

  6. 10 CFR 434.513 - Occupancy.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Occupancy. 434.513 Section 434.513 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.513 Occupancy. 5131Occupancy schedules are...

  7. 10 CFR 434.510 - Standard calculation procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Standard calculation procedure. 434.510 Section 434.510 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.510 Standard...

  8. 10 CFR 434.605 - Standard Calculation Procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Standard Calculation Procedure. 434.605 Section 434.605 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Compliance Alternative § 434.605 Standard Calculation...

  9. 10 CFR 434.513 - Occupancy.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Occupancy. 434.513 Section 434.513 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.513 Occupancy. 5131Occupancy schedules are...

  10. 10 CFR 434.510 - Standard calculation procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Standard calculation procedure. 434.510 Section 434.510 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.510 Standard...

  11. 139. ARAIII Index of drwaings of gascooled reactor experiment buildings. ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    139. ARA-III Index of drwaings of gas-cooled reactor experiment buildings. Aerojet-general 880-area/GCRE-100. Date: February 1958. Ineel index code no. 063-9999-80-013-102505. - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Army Reactors Experimental Area, Scoville, Butte County, ID

  12. Columbia Switches to Automatic Fire Detection

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gardner, John C.

    1978-01-01

    Columbia University has started a project that, in the first two phases, will provide an internal fire alarm system to residence halls and academic buildings. The third phase will be major structural changes to bring older academic buildings up to meet new life safety codes. (Author/MLF)

  13. 7 CFR 1924.5 - Planning development work.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... cash to be furnished by the borrower, proceeds from cost sharing programs such as Agricultural...) Drawings, specifications, and estimates will fully describe the work. Technical data, tests, or engineering... building code. (i) Agricultural buildings that are not intended for human habitation are exempt from these...

  14. 7 CFR 1924.5 - Planning development work.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... cash to be furnished by the borrower, proceeds from cost sharing programs such as Agricultural...) Drawings, specifications, and estimates will fully describe the work. Technical data, tests, or engineering... building code. (i) Agricultural buildings that are not intended for human habitation are exempt from these...

  15. 7 CFR 1924.5 - Planning development work.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... cash to be furnished by the borrower, proceeds from cost sharing programs such as Agricultural...) Drawings, specifications, and estimates will fully describe the work. Technical data, tests, or engineering... building code. (i) Agricultural buildings that are not intended for human habitation are exempt from these...

  16. To amend title 40, United States Code, to require that restrooms in public buildings be equipped with baby changing facilities.

    THOMAS, 111th Congress

    Rep. Kildee, Dale E. [D-MI-5

    2010-01-27

    House - 01/28/2010 Referred to the Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings and Emergency Management. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

  17. Debunking the Fire Sprinkler Myth.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    O'Connell, Thomas

    1996-01-01

    Sprinklers can protect school buildings, save lives, and actually reduce construction costs. Sprinkler-system costs can be easily offset by insurance savings, as well as by specific alternatives or design options permitted by nationally recognized building codes in view of the superior protection that sprinklers provide. (MLF)

  18. 10 CFR 434.510 - Standard calculation procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Standard calculation procedure. 434.510 Section 434.510 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.510 Standard...

  19. The need for standards and codes to ensure an acoustically comfortable environment in multifamily housing buildings in Mexico City

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kotasek Gonzalez, Eduardo; Rodriguez Manzo, Fausto

    2002-11-01

    It is clear that almost all kinds of buildings require protection against noise and undesirable sounds, however, there are some countries where this is not yet regulated, such is the case of Mexico. Mexico City, the biggest city in the world could also be the noisiest. This is a problem which is today being debated; in fact there is no doubt that this has an important influence on the acoustic comfort conditions of dwellings, besides the habits and culture of the inhabitants, which are very different from those in the Anglo-Saxon countries. These are all details that must be taken into account in the design of an acoustic comfort standard for buildings in cities like Mexico. In this paper we deal with this problem and it suggests some recommendations to consider in a proposed acoustic comfort standard or code to be applied in the design of multifamily housing buildings in Mexico City.

  20. Development of Maximum Considered Earthquake Ground Motion Maps

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Leyendecker, E.V.; Hunt, R.J.; Frankel, A.D.; Rukstales, K.S.

    2000-01-01

    The 1997 NEHRP Recommended Provisions for Seismic Regulations for New Buildings use a design procedure that is based on spectral response acceleration rather than the traditional peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, or zone factors. The spectral response accelerations are obtained from maps prepared following the recommendations of the Building Seismic Safety Council's (BSSC) Seismic Design Procedures Group (SDPG). The SDPG-recommended maps, the Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) Ground Motion Maps, are based on the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) probabilistic hazard maps with additional modifications incorporating deterministic ground motions in selected areas and the application of engineering judgement. The MCE ground motion maps included with the 1997 NEHRP Provisions also serve as the basis for the ground motion maps used in the seismic design portions of the 2000 International Building Code and the 2000 International Residential Code. Additionally the design maps prepared for the 1997 NEHRP Provisions, combined with selected USGS probabilistic maps, are used with the 1997 NEHRP Guidelines for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings.

  1. Impact of a Large San Andreas Fault Earthquake on Tall Buildings in Southern California

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Krishnan, S.; Ji, C.; Komatitsch, D.; Tromp, J.

    2004-12-01

    In 1857, an earthquake of magnitude 7.9 occurred on the San Andreas fault, starting at Parkfield and rupturing in a southeasterly direction for more than 300~km. Such a unilateral rupture produces significant directivity toward the San Fernando and Los Angeles basins. The strong shaking in the basins due to this earthquake would have had a significant long-period content (2--8~s). If such motions were to happen today, they could have a serious impact on tall buildings in Southern California. In order to study the effects of large San Andreas fault earthquakes on tall buildings in Southern California, we use the finite source of the magnitude 7.9 2001 Denali fault earthquake in Alaska and map it onto the San Andreas fault with the rupture originating at Parkfield and proceeding southward over a distance of 290~km. Using the SPECFEM3D spectral element seismic wave propagation code, we simulate a Denali-like earthquake on the San Andreas fault and compute ground motions at sites located on a grid with a 2.5--5.0~km spacing in the greater Southern California region. We subsequently analyze 3D structural models of an existing tall steel building designed in 1984 as well as one designed according to the current building code (Uniform Building Code, 1997) subjected to the computed ground motion. We use a sophisticated nonlinear building analysis program, FRAME3D, that has the ability to simulate damage in buildings due to three-component ground motion. We summarize the performance of these structural models on contour maps of carefully selected structural performance indices. This study could benefit the city in laying out emergency response strategies in the event of an earthquake on the San Andreas fault, in undertaking appropriate retrofit measures for tall buildings, and in formulating zoning regulations for new construction. In addition, the study would provide risk data associated with existing and new construction to insurance companies, real estate developers, and individual owners, so that they can make well-informed financial decisions.

  2. 40 CFR 21.10 - Utilization of the statement.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Utilization of the statement. 21.10 Section 21.10 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GENERAL SMALL BUSINESS § 21.10... law, statute, ordinance, or code (including building, health, or zoning codes). (g) An amended...

  3. Bernstein's "Codes" and the Linguistics of "Deficit"

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Jones, Peter E.

    2013-01-01

    This paper examines the key linguistic arguments underpinning Basil Bernstein's theory of "elaborated" and "restricted" "codes". Building on a review of selected highlights from the collective critical response to Bernstein, the paper attempts to clarify the relationship of the theory to "deficit" views…

  4. Mock Code: A Code Blue Scenario Requested by and Developed for Registered Nurses

    PubMed Central

    Rideout, Janice; Pritchett-Kelly, Sherry; McDonald, Melissa; Mullins-Richards, Paula; Dubrowski, Adam

    2016-01-01

    The use of simulation in medical training is quickly becoming more common, with applications in emergency, surgical, and nursing education. Recently, registered nurses working in surgical inpatient units requested a mock code simulation to practice skills, improve knowledge, and build self-confidence in a safe and controlled environment. A simulation scenario using a high-fidelity mannequin was developed and will be discussed herein. PMID:28123919

  5. Xenomicrobiology: a roadmap for genetic code engineering.

    PubMed

    Acevedo-Rocha, Carlos G; Budisa, Nediljko

    2016-09-01

    Biology is an analytical and informational science that is becoming increasingly dependent on chemical synthesis. One example is the high-throughput and low-cost synthesis of DNA, which is a foundation for the research field of synthetic biology (SB). The aim of SB is to provide biotechnological solutions to health, energy and environmental issues as well as unsustainable manufacturing processes in the frame of naturally existing chemical building blocks. Xenobiology (XB) goes a step further by implementing non-natural building blocks in living cells. In this context, genetic code engineering respectively enables the re-design of genes/genomes and proteins/proteomes with non-canonical nucleic (XNAs) and amino (ncAAs) acids. Besides studying information flow and evolutionary innovation in living systems, XB allows the development of new-to-nature therapeutic proteins/peptides, new biocatalysts for potential applications in synthetic organic chemistry and biocontainment strategies for enhanced biosafety. In this perspective, we provide a brief history and evolution of the genetic code in the context of XB. We then discuss the latest efforts and challenges ahead for engineering the genetic code with focus on substitutions and additions of ncAAs as well as standard amino acid reductions. Finally, we present a roadmap for the directed evolution of artificial microbes for emancipating rare sense codons that could be used to introduce novel building blocks. The development of such xenomicroorganisms endowed with a 'genetic firewall' will also allow to study and understand the relation between code evolution and horizontal gene transfer. © 2016 The Authors. Microbial Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Society for Applied Microbiology.

  6. Empirical evidence for site coefficients in building code provisions

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Borcherdt, R.D.

    2002-01-01

    Site-response coefficients, Fa and Fv, used in U.S. building code provisions are based on empirical data for motions up to 0.1 g. For larger motions they are based on theoretical and laboratory results. The Northridge earthquake of 17 January 1994 provided a significant new set of empirical data up to 0.5 g. These data together with recent site characterizations based on shear-wave velocity measurements provide empirical estimates of the site coefficients at base accelerations up to 0.5 g for Site Classes C and D. These empirical estimates of Fa and Fnu; as well as their decrease with increasing base acceleration level are consistent at the 95 percent confidence level with those in present building code provisions, with the exception of estimates for Fa at levels of 0.1 and 0.2 g, which are less than the lower confidence bound by amounts up to 13 percent. The site-coefficient estimates are consistent at the 95 percent confidence level with those of several other investigators for base accelerations greater than 0.3 g. These consistencies and present code procedures indicate that changes in the site coefficients are not warranted. Empirical results for base accelerations greater than 0.2 g confirm the need for both a short- and a mid- or long-period site coefficient to characterize site response for purposes of estimating site-specific design spectra.

  7. LOFT. Containment and service building (TAN650). Section through east/west axis ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    LOFT. Containment and service building (TAN-650). Section through east/west axis of building as viewed from the south. Shows basement and grade levels of containment building, connection to control room on west side, air filter vaults, and duct enclosure for air exhaust system. Kaiser engineers 6413-11-STEP/LOFT-650-A-4. Date: October 1964. INEEL index code no. 036-650-00-486-122216 - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Test Area North, Scoville, Butte County, ID

  8. Building America FY 2016 Annual Report: Building America Is Driving Real Solutions in the Race to Zero Energy Homes

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Farrar, Sara; Rothgeb, Stacey; Polly, Ben

    The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Building America Program enables the transformation of the U.S. housing industry to achieve energy savings through energy-efficient, high-performance homes with improved durability, comfort, and health for occupants. Building America bridges the gap between the development of emerging technologies and the adoption of codes and standards by engaging industry partners in applied research, development, and demonstration of high-performance solutions.

  9. Modeling study of deposition locations in the 291-Z plenum

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mahoney, L.A.; Glissmeyer, J.A.

    The TEMPEST (Trent and Eyler 1991) and PART5 computer codes were used to predict the probable locations of particle deposition in the suction-side plenum of the 291-Z building in the 200 Area of the Hanford Site, the exhaust fan building for the 234-5Z, 236-Z, and 232-Z buildings in the 200 Area of the Hanford Site. The Tempest code provided velocity fields for the airflow through the plenum. These velocity fields were then used with TEMPEST to provide modeling of near-floor particle concentrations without particle sticking (100% resuspension). The same velocity fields were also used with PART5 to provide modeling ofmore » particle deposition with sticking (0% resuspension). Some of the parameters whose importance was tested were particle size, point of injection and exhaust fan configuration.« less

  10. Implementing Nepal's national building code—A case study in patience and persistence

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Arendt, Lucy; Hortacsu, Ayse; Jaiswal, Kishor; Bevington, John; Shrestha, Surya; Lanning, Forrest; Mentor-William, Garmalia; Naeem, Ghazala; Thibert, Kate

    2017-01-01

    The April 2015 Gorkha Nepal earthquake revealed the relative effectiveness of the Nepal Standard, or national building code (NBC), and irregular compliance with it in different parts of Nepal. Much of the damage to more than half a million Nepal's residential structures may be attributed to the prevalence of owner-built or owner-supervised construction and the lack of owner and builder responsiveness to seismic risk and training in the appropriate means of complying with the NBC. To explain these circumstances, we review the protracted implementation of the NBC and the role played by one organization, the National Society for Earthquake Technology-Nepal (NSET), in the NBC's implementation. We also share observations on building code compliance made by individuals in Nepal participating in workshops led by the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute's 2014 class of Housner Fellows.

  11. Estimation of Gust Response Factor for a Tall Building Model with 1:1.5 Plan Ratios

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sarath Kumar, H.; Selvi Rajan, S.

    2017-08-01

    The purpose of structural analysis and design of structures as per the building codes and its corresponding standers is to ensure the safety of structure under maximum loads and remains functional under service load. The structure which is designed under consideration of codes should also satisfy the durability, economy and aesthetics. The primary purpose of this work is to understand and compare design wind loads according with the Gust Response Factor as per codes of practices. The paper is concerned with the calculation of design wind loads on a rectangular building model (1:300gemetric scale) of size 10cm x 15cm x 70cm with an aspect ratio of 1:1.5:7 at eight different levels over the height under sub-urban terrain category for 00 angle and 900 angle wind incidence. The experiment id conducted in an atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel facility of CSIR-Structural engineering Research centre, Chennai. The measured pressures are integrated to evaluate mean and RMS (Root, Mean, Square). Further the variation of above mentioned loads and response factor along the heights of the building with respect to sub-urban terrain condition are discussed and summarized in addition, the codal values of various international standards [IS-875 part-3 1987, IS-875 part-3 draft, ASCE-07] have also considered for comparison.

  12. 10 CFR 434.101 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Scope. 434.101 Section 434.101 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL... to new Federal multi-family high rise residential buildings and new Federal commercial buildings, for...

  13. 10 CFR 434.514 - Lighting.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Lighting. 434.514 Section 434.514 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.514 Lighting. 514.1Interior Lighting Power...

  14. 10 CFR 434.604 - Compliance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Compliance. 434.604 Section 434.604 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Compliance Alternative § 434.604 Compliance. 604.1 Compliance with this section is...

  15. 10 CFR 434.604 - Compliance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Compliance. 434.604 Section 434.604 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Compliance Alternative § 434.604 Compliance. 604.1 Compliance with this section is...

  16. 10 CFR 434.604 - Compliance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Compliance. 434.604 Section 434.604 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Compliance Alternative § 434.604 Compliance. 604.1 Compliance with this section is...

  17. 10 CFR 434.514 - Lighting.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Lighting. 434.514 Section 434.514 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.514 Lighting. 514.1Interior Lighting Power...

  18. 10 CFR 434.515 - Receptacles.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Receptacles. 434.515 Section 434.515 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.515 Receptacles. 515.1Receptacle loads and...

  19. 10 CFR 434.515 - Receptacles.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Receptacles. 434.515 Section 434.515 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.515 Receptacles. 515.1 Receptacle loads and...

  20. 10 CFR 434.514 - Lighting.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 10 Energy 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Lighting. 434.514 Section 434.514 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CODE FOR NEW FEDERAL COMMERCIAL AND MULTI-FAMILY HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS Building Energy Cost Compliance Alternative § 434.514 Lighting. 514.1Interior Lighting Power...

Some links on this page may take you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ from this site.
Top