76 FR 60820 - North American Electric Reliability Corporation; Notice of Technical Conference

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-30

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. RD10-8-000] North American Electric Reliability Corporation; Notice of Technical Conference Take notice that the Federal Energy... Conference will explore the risks of leaving dial-up intelligent electronic devices that are part of the Bulk...

76 FR 73608 - Reliability Technical Conference, North American Electric Reliability Corporation, Public Service...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-29

... or municipal authority play in forming your bulk power system reliability plans? b. Do you support..., North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) Nick Akins, CEO of American Electric Power (AEP..., EL11-62-000] Reliability Technical Conference, North American Electric Reliability Corporation, Public...

78 FR 38311 - Reliability Technical Conference Agenda

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-26

... issues related to the reliability of the Bulk-Power System. The agenda for this conference is attached... Reliability Technical Docket No. AD13-6-000 Conference. North American Electric Docket No. RC11-6-004 Reliability Corporation. North American Electric Docket No. RR13-2-000 Reliability Corporation. Not...

49 CFR 174.84 - Position in train of loaded placarded rail cars, transport vehicles, freight containers or bulk...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Position in train of loaded placarded rail cars, transport vehicles, freight containers or bulk packagings when accompanied by guards or technical escorts. 174.84 Section 174.84 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation PIPELINE AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY ADMINISTRATION,...

49 CFR 174.84 - Position in train of loaded placarded rail cars, transport vehicles, freight containers or bulk...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Position in train of loaded placarded rail cars, transport vehicles, freight containers or bulk packagings when accompanied by guards or technical escorts. 174.84 Section 174.84 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation PIPELINE AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY ADMINISTRATION,...

Technically natural vacuum energy at the tip of a supersymmetric teardrop

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Williams, Matthew

2014-04-01

A minimal supersymmetric braneworld model is presented which has (i) zero classical four-dimensional vacuum curvature, despite the large naive vacuum energy due to contributions from Standard Model particles and (ii) one-(bulk)-loop quantum corrections to the vacuum energy with a size set by the radius of the extra-dimensional spheroid. These corrections are technically natural because a Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield-like relation between the brane tension and R charge—which would have preserved (half of) the bulk supersymmetry—is violated by the requirement that the stabilizing R-symmetry gauge flux be quantized. The extra-dimensional geometry is similar to previous rugby-ball geometries, but is simpler in that there is only one brane and so fewer free parameters. Although the sign of the renormalized vacuum energy ends up being the unphysical one for this model (in the limit considered here, where the massive bulk loop is the leading contribution), it serves as an illustrative example of the relevant physics.

Social Science Research Institutes in the Quality American University. Final Technical Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Totman, Theodore L.

The technical report presents a chapter outline and thesis summary of an investigation of social science research institutes in American universities. The bulk of the report presents the thesis in four sections. Section I proposes a typology of organized social research units (OSRUs) in the 11 universities studied. Dimensions used to classify the…

Laser-Compton photon radiography for nondestructive test of bulk materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Toyokawa, Hiroyuki; Ohgaki, Hideaki; Kudo, Katshuhisa; Takeda, Naoto; Mikado, Tomohisa; Yamada, Kawakatsu

2001-12-01

Experimental results of transmission photon radiography of bulk materials using the laser-Compton photon beam in the energy range of 2-20 MeV are given. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the effectiveness and to survey a potential need and a technical limit of the present method for industrial application, such as nondestructive test of bulk materials. Several radiographs of metals, ceramics, and concrete were measured with the present method. Position resolution of the system was measured with using 10 MeV photon beam and slit. It was less than 1 mm.

Influence of attitudes and behavior of milkers on the hygienic and sanitary quality of milk

PubMed Central

Cassoli, Laerte D.; Machado, Paulo F.; Cerón-Muñoz, Mario Fernando

2017-01-01

Recognizing how human behaviors affect the milk process can be useful to understand variations in hygienic and sanitary parameters in bulk tank milk. Furthermore, this knowledge could be used to design management programs that guarantee milk quality, favoring the optimization of such processes. Forty-six milkers from the same number of dairy farms in Antioquia province (Colombia) were interviewed to establish the main factors associated to milk quality. Technical knowledge, motivations, and behavior of the personnel and its effect on hygienic and sanitary quality of milk were evaluated. Quality was assessed in terms of colony-forming units (CFU) and somatic cell count (SCC) in bulk tank milk. Two factors from a multivariate mixed data analysis were evaluated. One of those factors explained 9.51% of the total variability, related with in-farm availability and use of tools and the relationships between milker and manager. The other factor, associated with work environment and recognition, explained 6.97% of the total variability. The variables that best explained CFU levels were Knowledge of the udder condition at milking, and Milking type (parlor or pasture). The SCC was associated to knowledge of animal handling, schooling of milkers, milking site, and the groups derived from the cluster analysis by farm. In conclusion, milker attitudes and behaviors can affect CFU and SCC in bulk tank milk. PMID:28926583

Single-Cell Genomic Analysis in Plants

PubMed Central

Hu, Haifei; Scheben, Armin; Edwards, David

2018-01-01

Individual cells in an organism are variable, which strongly impacts cellular processes. Advances in sequencing technologies have enabled single-cell genomic analysis to become widespread, addressing shortcomings of analyses conducted on populations of bulk cells. While the field of single-cell plant genomics is in its infancy, there is great potential to gain insights into cell lineage and functional cell types to help understand complex cellular interactions in plants. In this review, we discuss current approaches for single-cell plant genomic analysis, with a focus on single-cell isolation, DNA amplification, next-generation sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis. We outline the technical challenges of analysing material from a single plant cell, and then examine applications of single-cell genomics and the integration of this approach with genome editing. Finally, we indicate future directions we expect in the rapidly developing field of plant single-cell genomic analysis. PMID:29361790

RAPID COMMUNICATION Time-resolved measurements with a vortex flowmeter in a pulsating turbulent flow using wavelet analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Laurantzon, F.; Örlü, R.; Segalini, A.; Alfredsson, P. H.

2010-12-01

Vortex flowmeters are commonly employed in technical applications and are obtainable in a variety of commercially available types. However their robustness and accuracy can easily be impaired by environmental conditions, such as inflow disturbances and/or pulsating conditions. Various post-processing techniques of the vortex signal have been used, but all of these methods are so far targeted on obtaining an improved estimate of the time-averaged bulk velocity. Here, on the other hand, we propose, based on wavelet analysis, a straightforward way to utilize the signal from a vortex shedder to extract the time-resolved and thereby the phase-averaged velocity under pulsatile flow conditions. The method was verified with hot-wire and laser Doppler velocimetry measurements.

Two Dimensional Compressibility of Electrochemically Adsorbed Lead on Silver (111).

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-28

PAGE BEFORE COMPLETING FORM REPOR7 4 MS1 2. GOVT ACCESSION NO1 3. RECIPIET’S CATALOG NUMBER Technical Reserach -32C E " :. :)S. TYPE OP REPORT & PERIOD...considerably more difficult, since two 2 dimensional band structure calculations that include the effect of the substrate are necessary. In this paper , we...bulk lead. No additional change in the spacing is observed with potential beyond the the onset of bulk lead deposition. It should be recognized that ,he

Characterizing soil erosion potential using electrical resistivity imaging : technical summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-04-01

The erosion rate, or erodibility, of soil depends on many soil characteristics : including: plasticity, water content, grain size, percent clay, compaction, and shear : strength. Many of these characteristics also influence soil in situ bulk electric...

A technical review of cellular radio and analysis of a possible protocol

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reese, William D.

1992-09-01

Radio and television technology made the field of cellular radio possible. This thesis shows the development of radio and television technology from both a historical and technical aspect. A review of the important researchers and their contributions is followed by a technical explanation of the theories behind electromagnetic radiation of radio and television signals and the technology which was developed to implement such transmissions. The evolution of development which the paper outlines begins with some of the first theories about electricity and magnetism and the subsequent mathematical foundation developed to explain them. This is followed by a number of experimental and developmental researchers and their contributions. The bulk of the paper is concentrated on explaining the earliest generations of radio and all generations of television. The major components of both radio and television are described in detail along with an explanation of what they do and how they work. Such components, in many cases, found important uses in fields outside those for which they were developed. A brief overview of the regulatory environment of each technology and the U.S. and international standardization efforts is also included. Finally, the paper illustrates a modern-day application of radio technology--the cellular radio industry. A description of the components and their functions is followed by a possible cellular radio protocol and analysis.

Natural radioactivity in building materials in the European Union: a database and an estimate of radiological significance.

PubMed

Trevisi, R; Risica, S; D'Alessandro, M; Paradiso, D; Nuccetelli, C

2012-02-01

The authors set up a database of activity concentration measurements of natural radionuclides (²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K) in building material. It contains about 10,000 samples of both bulk material (bricks, concrete, cement, natural- and phosphogypsum, sedimentary and igneous bulk stones) and superficial material (igneous and metamorphic stones) used in the construction industry in most European Union Member States. The database allowed the authors to calculate the activity concentration index I--suggested by a European technical guidance document and recently used as a basis for elaborating the draft Euratom Basic Safety Standards Directive--for bricks, concrete and phosphogypsum used in the European Union. Moreover, the percentage could be assessed of materials possibly subject to restrictions, if either of the two dose criteria proposed by the technical guidance were to be adopted. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Analysis of radiation exposure, Third Marine Corps Provisional Atomic Exercise Brigade. Exercise Desert Rock VI, Operation Teapot. Technical report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Goetz, J.; Klemm, J.; Ortlieb, E.

The radiation dose is reconstructed for 3d MCPAEB personnel participating in exercises involving helicopter-lifted assaults in conjunction with Shot Bee of Operation Teapot, Exercise Desert Rock VI. Brigade personnel were exposed to initial radiation while in trenches at the time of the Shot Bee detonation. They were also exposed to residual radiation from an earlier test shot (Shot Turk) during their subsequent maneuvers and to residual radiation from Shot Bee during an inspection of equipment displays. The calculated total gamma doses to the bulk of the participating troops range from about 0.57-0.85 rem.

A COMPREHENSIVE TECHNICAL REVIEW OF THE DEMONSTRATION BULK VITRIFICATION SYSTEM

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

SCHAUS, P.S.

2006-09-29

In May 2006, CH2M Hill Hanford Group, Inc. chartered an Expert Review Panel (ERP) to review the current status of the Demonstration Bulk Vitrification System (DBVS). It is the consensus of the ERP that bulk vitrification is a technology that requires further development and evaluation to determine its potential for meeting the Hanford waste stabilization mission. No fatal flaws (issues that would jeopardize the overall DBVS mission that cannot be mitigated) were found, given the current state of the project. However, a number of technical issues were found that could significantly affect the project's ability to meet its overall missionmore » as stated in the project ''Justification of Mission Need'' document, if not satisfactorily resolved. The ERP recognizes that the project has changed from an accelerated schedule demonstration project to a formally chartered project that must be in full compliance with DOE 413.3 requirements. The perspective of the ERP presented herein, is measured against the formally chartered project as stated in the approved Justification of Mission Need document. A justification of Mission Need document was approved in July 2006 which defined the objectives for the DBVS Project. In this document, DOE concluded that bulk vitrification is a viable technology that requires additional development to determine its potential applicability to treatment of a portion of the Hanford low activity waste. The DBVS mission need statement now includes the following primary objectives: (1) process approximately 190,000 gallons of Tank S-109 waste into fifty 100 metric ton boxes of vitrified product; (2) store and dispose of these boxes at Hanford's Integrated Disposal Facility (IDF); (3) evaluate the waste form characteristics; (4) gather pilot plant operability data, and (5) develop the overall life cycle system performance of bulk vitrification and produce a comparison of the bulk vitrification process to building a second LAW Immobilization facility or other supplemental treatment alternatives as provided in M-62-08.« less

Durable superpave mixes in Kansas : technical summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-05-01

Approximately 89% of 11,000 miles of Kansas roads are surfaced with asphalt. Hundreds of thousands of tons of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) are produced annually in the United States, including in Kansas. This bulk volume of RAP must be economical...

Nuclear microanalysis of platinum and trace elements in cisplatin-resistant human ovarian adenocarcinoma cells

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moretto, P.; Ortega, R.; Llabador, Y.; Simonoff, M.; Bénard, J.; Moretto, Ph.

1995-09-01

Macro-and Micro-PIXE analysis were applied to study the mechanisms of cellular resistance to cisplatin, a chemotherapeutic agent, widely used nowadays for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Two cultured cell lines, a cisplatin-sensitive and a resistant one, were compared for their trace elements content and platinum accumulation following in vitro exposure to the drug. Bulk analysis revealed significant differences in copper and iron content between the two lines. Subsequent individual cell microanalysis permitted us to characterize the response of the different morphological cell types of the resistant line. This study showed that the metabolism of some trace metals in cisplatin-resistant cells could be affected but the exact relationship with the resistant phenotype remains to be determined. From a technical point of view, this experiment demonstrated that an accurate measurement of trace elements could be derived from nuclear microprobe analysis of individual cell.

INTERIM METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ASBESTOS IN BULK INSULATION SAMPLES

EPA Science Inventory

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Asbestos-in-Schools Program was established in March, 1979 to provide information and technical assistance to the public for addressing problems presented by asbestos-containing insulation materials in school buildings. Because there were ...

Direct RF A-O Processor Spectrum Analyzer.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-08-01

The primary objective was to develop and demonstrate design approach, along with the associated processing technologies, for a wideband acousto optic Bragg...cell spectrum analyzer. The signal processor used to demonstrate feasibility of the technical approach consisted of two bulk wave acousto optic deflectors

Self-digitization chip for single-cell genotyping of cancer-related mutations

PubMed Central

Monroe, Luke D.; Kreutz, Jason E.; Schneider, Thomas; Fujimoto, Bryant S.; Chiu, Daniel T.; Radich, Jerald P.; Paguirigan, Amy L.

2018-01-01

Cancer is a heterogeneous disease, and patient-level genetic assessments can guide therapy choice and impact prognosis. However, little is known about the impact of genetic variability within a tumor, intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH), on disease progression or outcome. Current approaches using bulk tumor specimens can suggest the presence of ITH, but only single-cell genetic methods have the resolution to describe the underlying clonal structures themselves. Current techniques tend to be labor and resource intensive and challenging to characterize with respect to sources of biological and technical variability. We have developed a platform using a microfluidic self-digitization chip to partition cells in stationary volumes for cell imaging and allele-specific PCR. Genotyping data from only confirmed single-cell volumes is obtained and subject to a variety of relevant quality control assessments such as allele dropout, false positive, and false negative rates. We demonstrate single-cell genotyping of the NPM1 type A mutation, an important prognostic indicator in acute myeloid leukemia, on single cells of the cell line OCI-AML3, describing a more complex zygosity distribution than would be predicted via bulk analysis. PMID:29718986

Self-digitization chip for single-cell genotyping of cancer-related mutations.

PubMed

Thompson, Alison M; Smith, Jordan L; Monroe, Luke D; Kreutz, Jason E; Schneider, Thomas; Fujimoto, Bryant S; Chiu, Daniel T; Radich, Jerald P; Paguirigan, Amy L

2018-01-01

Cancer is a heterogeneous disease, and patient-level genetic assessments can guide therapy choice and impact prognosis. However, little is known about the impact of genetic variability within a tumor, intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH), on disease progression or outcome. Current approaches using bulk tumor specimens can suggest the presence of ITH, but only single-cell genetic methods have the resolution to describe the underlying clonal structures themselves. Current techniques tend to be labor and resource intensive and challenging to characterize with respect to sources of biological and technical variability. We have developed a platform using a microfluidic self-digitization chip to partition cells in stationary volumes for cell imaging and allele-specific PCR. Genotyping data from only confirmed single-cell volumes is obtained and subject to a variety of relevant quality control assessments such as allele dropout, false positive, and false negative rates. We demonstrate single-cell genotyping of the NPM1 type A mutation, an important prognostic indicator in acute myeloid leukemia, on single cells of the cell line OCI-AML3, describing a more complex zygosity distribution than would be predicted via bulk analysis.

HKHC Community Dashboard: design, development, and function of a Web-based performance monitoring system.

PubMed

Bors, Philip A; Kemner, Allison; Fulton, John; Stachecki, Jessica; Brennan, Laura K

2015-01-01

As part of Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Healthy Kids, Healthy Communities (HKHC) national grant program, a technical assistance team designed the HKHC Community Dashboard, an online progress documentation and networking system. The Dashboard was central to HKHC's multimethod program evaluation and became a communication interface for grantees and technical assistance providers. The Dashboard was designed through an iterative process of identifying needs and priorities; designing the user experience, technical development, and usability testing; and applying visual design. The system was created with an open-source content management system and support for building an online community of users. The site developer trained technical assistance providers at the national program office and evaluators, who subsequently trained all 49 grantees. Evaluators provided support for Dashboard users and populated the site with the bulk of its uploaded tools and resource documents. The system tracked progress through an interactive work plan template, regular documentation by local staff and partners, and data coding and analysis by the evaluation team. Other features included the ability to broadcast information to Dashboard users via e-mail, event calendars, discussion forums, private messaging, a resource clearinghouse, a technical assistance diary, and real-time progress reports. The average number of Dashboard posts was 694 per grantee during the grant period. Technical assistance providers and grantees uploaded a total of 1304 resource documents. The Dashboard functions with the highest grantee satisfaction were its interfaces for sharing and progress documentation. A majority of Dashboard users (69%) indicated a preference for continued access to the Dashboard's uploaded resource documents. The Dashboard was a useful and innovative tool for participatory evaluation of a large national grant program. While progress documentation added some burden to local project staff, the system proved to be a useful resource-sharing technology.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nichols, T.

The Nuclear Forensics Analysis Center (NFAC) is part of Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) and is one of only two USG National Laboratories accredited to perform nuclear forensic analyses to the requirements of ISO 17025. SRNL NFAC is capable of analyzing nuclear and radiological samples from bulk material to ultra-trace samples. NFAC provides analytical support to the FBI's Radiological Evidence Examination Facility (REEF), which is located within SRNL. REEF gives the FBI the capability to perform traditional forensics on material that is radiological and/or is contaminated. SRNL is engaged in research and development efforts to improve the USG technical nuclearmore » forensics capabilities. Research includes improving predictive signatures and developing a database containing comparative samples.« less

Iron Metallurgy: Technical Terminology Bulletin. Terminotech, Vol. 2, No. 7.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Electric Co. of Canada, Ltd., Montreal, Quebec.

This issue of a bulletin of technological terminology is devoted to iron metallurgy. Various aspects of iron production are described in both French and English. An English-French dictionary of terms comprises the bulk of the document. Explanatory illustrations are appended. (JB)

Power Transformers: Technical Terminology Bulletin. Terminotech, Vol.2, No. 6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Electric Co. of Canada, Ltd., Montreal, Quebec.

This issue of a bulletin of technological terminology is devoted to power transformers. A brief narrative on the subject is presented in both French and English. An English-French dictionary of terms comprises the bulk of the document. Explanatory illustrations are appended. (JB)

Electric Motors: Technical Terminology Bulletin. Terminotech, Vol. 1, No. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Electric Co. of Canada, Ltd., Montreal, Quebec.

This issue of a bulletin of technological terminology is devoted to electric motors. A brief narrative on the subject is included in both French and English. An English-French dictionary of terms comprises the bulk of the document. Explanatory illustrations are appended (JB).

Measurements and tests of HTS bulk material in resistive fault current limiters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Noe, M.; Juengst, K.-P.; Werfel, F. N.; Elschner, S.; Bock, J.; Wolf, A.; Breuer, F.

2002-08-01

The application of superconducting fault current limiters (SCFCL) depends highly on their technical and economical benefits. Therefore it is obvious that the main requirements on the SCFCL are a reliable, fail-safe and rapid current limitation, low losses, and an inexpensive production. As a potential candidate material we have investigated HTS bulk material in resistive fault current limiters. Our report focuses on the E- j-curves, the AC-losses and the quench behaviour of melt cast processed-BSCCO 2212 and melt textured polycrystalline-YBCO 123. Within a temperature range from 64 to 80 K E- j-curves and AC losses of HTS elements were measured. The measurement results show that HTS bulk material meets the SCFCL specifications. In order to avoid hot spots during limitation and to improve mechanical stability a metallic bypass is needed. First test results of the quench behaviour of HTS bulk material with metallic bypass demonstrate safe limitation up to the specified electrical field of 100 V/m.

The Gas Turbine: Technical Terminology Bulletin. Terminotech, Vol. 2, No. 5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Electric Co. of Canada, Ltd., Montreal, Quebec.

This issue of a bulletin of technological terminology is devoted to the gas turbine. A brief narrative on the subject is presented in both French and English. An English-French dictionary of terms comprises the bulk of the document. Explanatory illustrations are appended. (JB)

The Steam Turbine: Technical Terminology Bulletin. Terminotech, Vol. 2, No. 4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Electric Co. of Canada, Ltd., Montreal, Quebec.

This issue of a bulletin of technological terminology is devoted to the steam turbine. A brief narrative on the subject is presented in both French and English. An English-French dictionary of terms comprises the bulk of the document. Explanatory illustrations are appended. (JB)

Compact Blue-Green Lasers: Summaries of Papers Presented at the Topical Meeting Held in Sante Fe, New Mexico on 20-21 February 1992. Volume 6. Technical Digest Series

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-02-21

Contents: Applications, IR Pumped Visible Lasers, Blue-Green Diode Emitters, Materials, Poster Session, Frequency Conversion in Bulk Devices, Gas Lasers, and Frequency Conversion in Guided-Wave Devices.

A cost-efficient method to assess carbon stocks in tropical peat soil

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Warren, M. W.; Kauffman, J. B.; Murdiyarso, D.; Anshari, G.; Hergoualc'h, K.; Kurnianto, S.; Purbopuspito, J.; Gusmayanti, E.; Afifudin, M.; Rahajoe, J.; Alhamd, L.; Limin, S.; Iswandi, A.

2012-11-01

Estimation of belowground carbon stocks in tropical wetland forests requires funding for laboratory analyses and suitable facilities, which are often lacking in developing nations where most tropical wetlands are found. It is therefore beneficial to develop simple analytical tools to assist belowground carbon estimation where financial and technical limitations are common. Here we use published and original data to describe soil carbon density (kgC m-3; Cd) as a function of bulk density (gC cm-3; Bd), which can be used to rapidly estimate belowground carbon storage using Bd measurements only. Predicted carbon densities and stocks are compared with those obtained from direct carbon analysis for ten peat swamp forest stands in three national parks of Indonesia. Analysis of soil carbon density and bulk density from the literature indicated a strong linear relationship (Cd = Bd × 495.14 + 5.41, R2 = 0.93, n = 151) for soils with organic C content > 40%. As organic C content decreases, the relationship between Cd and Bd becomes less predictable as soil texture becomes an important determinant of Cd. The equation predicted belowground C stocks to within 0.92% to 9.57% of observed values. Average bulk density of collected peat samples was 0.127 g cm-3, which is in the upper range of previous reports for Southeast Asian peatlands. When original data were included, the revised equation Cd = Bd × 468.76 + 5.82, with R2 = 0.95 and n = 712, was slightly below the lower 95% confidence interval of the original equation, and tended to decrease Cd estimates. We recommend this last equation for a rapid estimation of soil C stocks for well-developed peat soils where C content > 40%.

Compressibility of the protein-water interface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Persson, Filip; Halle, Bertil

2018-06-01

The compressibility of a protein relates to its stability, flexibility, and hydrophobic interactions, but the measurement, interpretation, and computation of this important thermodynamic parameter present technical and conceptual challenges. Here, we present a theoretical analysis of protein compressibility and apply it to molecular dynamics simulations of four globular proteins. Using additively weighted Voronoi tessellation, we decompose the solution compressibility into contributions from the protein and its hydration shells. We find that positively cross-correlated protein-water volume fluctuations account for more than half of the protein compressibility that governs the protein's pressure response, while the self correlations correspond to small (˜0.7%) fluctuations of the protein volume. The self compressibility is nearly the same as for ice, whereas the total protein compressibility, including cross correlations, is ˜45% of the bulk-water value. Taking the inhomogeneous solvent density into account, we decompose the experimentally accessible protein partial compressibility into intrinsic, hydration, and molecular exchange contributions and show how they can be computed with good statistical accuracy despite the dominant bulk-water contribution. The exchange contribution describes how the protein solution responds to an applied pressure by redistributing water molecules from lower to higher density; it is negligibly small for native proteins, but potentially important for non-native states. Because the hydration shell is an open system, the conventional closed-system compressibility definitions yield a pseudo-compressibility. We define an intrinsic shell compressibility, unaffected by occupation number fluctuations, and show that it approaches the bulk-water value exponentially with a decay "length" of one shell, less than the bulk-water compressibility correlation length. In the first hydration shell, the intrinsic compressibility is 25%-30% lower than in bulk water, whereas its self part is 15%-20% lower. These large reductions are caused mainly by the proximity to the more rigid protein and are not a consequence of the perturbed water structure.

Compressibility of the protein-water interface.

PubMed

Persson, Filip; Halle, Bertil

2018-06-07

The compressibility of a protein relates to its stability, flexibility, and hydrophobic interactions, but the measurement, interpretation, and computation of this important thermodynamic parameter present technical and conceptual challenges. Here, we present a theoretical analysis of protein compressibility and apply it to molecular dynamics simulations of four globular proteins. Using additively weighted Voronoi tessellation, we decompose the solution compressibility into contributions from the protein and its hydration shells. We find that positively cross-correlated protein-water volume fluctuations account for more than half of the protein compressibility that governs the protein's pressure response, while the self correlations correspond to small (∼0.7%) fluctuations of the protein volume. The self compressibility is nearly the same as for ice, whereas the total protein compressibility, including cross correlations, is ∼45% of the bulk-water value. Taking the inhomogeneous solvent density into account, we decompose the experimentally accessible protein partial compressibility into intrinsic, hydration, and molecular exchange contributions and show how they can be computed with good statistical accuracy despite the dominant bulk-water contribution. The exchange contribution describes how the protein solution responds to an applied pressure by redistributing water molecules from lower to higher density; it is negligibly small for native proteins, but potentially important for non-native states. Because the hydration shell is an open system, the conventional closed-system compressibility definitions yield a pseudo-compressibility. We define an intrinsic shell compressibility, unaffected by occupation number fluctuations, and show that it approaches the bulk-water value exponentially with a decay "length" of one shell, less than the bulk-water compressibility correlation length. In the first hydration shell, the intrinsic compressibility is 25%-30% lower than in bulk water, whereas its self part is 15%-20% lower. These large reductions are caused mainly by the proximity to the more rigid protein and are not a consequence of the perturbed water structure.

Hydraulic Turbines: The Francis Turbine. Technical Terminology Bulletin. Terminotech, Vol. 2, No. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Electric Co. of Canada, Ltd., Montreal, Quebec.

This issue of a bulletin of technological terminology is devoted to the Francis turbine. A brief narrative on the subject is presented in both French and English. An English-French dictionary of terms comprises the bulk of the document. An explanatory illustration is appended. (JB)

Hydraulic Turbines: The Pelton Turbine. Technical Terminology Bulletin. Terminotech, Vol. 2, No. 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Electric Co. of Canada, Ltd., Montreal, Quebec.

This issue of a bulletin of technological terminology is devoted to the Pelton turbine. A brief narrative on the subject is presented in both French and English. An English-French dictionary of terms comprises the bulk of the document. Explanatory illustrations are appended. (JB)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Stelson, P.H.

The bulk of the Division's effort concerned nuclear physics and accelerator development, but work in the areas of nuclear data, research applicable to the magnetic fusion project, atomic and molecular physics, and high-energy physics is also recounted. Lists of publications, technical talks, personnel, etc., are included. Individual reports with sufficient data are abstracted separately. (RWR)

A stereoscopic look into the bulk

DOE PAGES

Czech, Bartlomiej; Lamprou, Lampros; McCandlish, Samuel; ...

2016-07-26

Here, we present the foundation for a holographic dictionary with depth perception. The dictionary consists of natural CFT operators whose duals are simple, diffeomorphism-invariant bulk operators. The CFT operators of interest are the “OPE blocks,” contributions to the OPE from a single conformal family. In holographic theories, we show that the OPE blocks are dual at leading order in 1/N to integrals of effective bulk fields along geodesics or homogeneous minimal surfaces in anti-de Sitter space. One widely studied example of an OPE block is the modular Hamiltonian, which is dual to the fluctuation in the area of a minimalmore » surface. Thus, our operators pave the way for generalizing the Ryu-Takayanagi relation to other bulk fields. Although the OPE blocks are non-local operators in the CFT, they admit a simple geometric description as fields in kinematic space — the space of pairs of CFT points. We develop the tools for constructing local bulk operators in terms of these non-local objects. The OPE blocks also allow for conceptually clean and technically simple derivations of many results known in the literature, including linearized Einstein’s equations and the relation between conformal blocks and geodesic Witten diagrams.« less

Transition of cavitating flow to supercavitation within Venturi nozzle - hysteresis investigation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jiří, Kozák; Pavel, Rudolf; Rostislav, Huzlík; Martin, Hudec; Radomír, Chovanec; Ondřej, Urban; Blahoslav, Maršálek; Eliška, Maršálková; František, Pochylý; David, Štefan

Cavitation is usually considered as undesirable phenomena. On the other hand, it can be utilized in many applications. One of the technical applications is using cavitation in water treatment, where hydrodynamic cavitation seems to be effective way how to reduce cyanobacteria within large bulks of water. The main scope of this paper is investigation of the cavitation within Venturi nozzle during the transition from fully developed cavitation to supercavitation regime and vice versa. Dynamics of cavitation was investigated using experimental data of pressure pulsations and analysis of high speed videos, where FFT of the pixel intensity and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) of the records were done to identify dominant frequencies connected with the presence of cavitation. The methodology of the high speed (HS) records semiautomated analysis using the FFT was described. Obtained results were correlated and above that the possible presence of hysteresis was discussed.

ddClone: joint statistical inference of clonal populations from single cell and bulk tumour sequencing data.

PubMed

Salehi, Sohrab; Steif, Adi; Roth, Andrew; Aparicio, Samuel; Bouchard-Côté, Alexandre; Shah, Sohrab P

2017-03-01

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of bulk tumour tissue can identify constituent cell populations in cancers and measure their abundance. This requires computational deconvolution of allelic counts from somatic mutations, which may be incapable of fully resolving the underlying population structure. Single cell sequencing (SCS) is a more direct method, although its replacement of NGS is impeded by technical noise and sampling limitations. We propose ddClone, which analytically integrates NGS and SCS data, leveraging their complementary attributes through joint statistical inference. We show on real and simulated datasets that ddClone produces more accurate results than can be achieved by either method alone.

75 FR 36385 - Reliability Standards Development and NERC and Regional Entity Enforcement Supplemental Notice of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-25

... Standards Development and NERC and Regional Entity Enforcement Supplemental Notice of Technical Conference... development and enforcement of mandatory Reliability Standards for the Bulk-Power System by the North American Electric Reliability Corporation and the Regional Entities. The conference will be held on Tuesday, July 6...

Child Abuse and Neglect Legal Handbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Talan, Teri N.; And Others

This handbook was written by the Child Advocate Association in an attempt to clarify the laws and legal procedures governing child abuse and neglect. While some of the legal material is technical and is included to provide practical assistance to attorneys, the bulk of the material is intended for social workers, police, and school and medical…

Ignition and Combustion Characteristics of Pure Bulk Metals: Normal-Gravity Test Results

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abbud-Madrid, A.; Fiechtner, G. J.; Branch, M. C.; Daily, J. W.

1994-01-01

An experimental apparatus has been designed for the study of bulk metal ignition under elevated, normal and reduced gravity environments. The present work describes the technical characteristics of the system, the analytical techniques employed, the results obtained from the ignition of a variety of metals subjected to normal gravity conditions and the first results obtained from experiments under elevated gravity. A 1000 W xenon short-arc lamp is used to irradiate the top surface of a cylindrical metal specimen 4 mm in diameter and 4 mm high in a quiescent pure-oxygen environment at 0.1 MPa. Iron, titanium, zirconium, magnesium, zinc, tin, and copper specimens are investigated. All these metals exhibit ignition and combustion behavior varying in strength and speed. Values of ignition temperatures below, above or in the range of the metal melting point are obtained from the temperature records. The emission spectra from the magnesium-oxygen gas-phase reaction reveals the dynamic evolution of the ignition event. Scanning electron microscope and x-ray spectroscopic analysis provide the sequence of oxide formation on the burning of copper samples. Preliminary results on the effect of higher-than-normal gravity levels on the ignition of titanium specimens is presented.

NBSGSC - a FORTRAN program for quantitative x-ray fluorescence analysis. Technical note (final)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tao, G.Y.; Pella, P.A.; Rousseau, R.M.

1985-04-01

A FORTRAN program (NBSGSC) was developed for performing quantitative analysis of bulk specimens by x-ray fluorescence spectrometry. This program corrects for x-ray absorption/enhancement phenomena using the comprehensive alpha coefficient algorithm proposed by Lachance (COLA). NBSGSC is a revision of the program ALPHA and CARECAL originally developed by R.M. Rousseau of the Geological Survey of Canada. Part one of the program (CALCO) performs the calculation of theoretical alpha coefficients, and part two (CALCOMP) computes the composition of the analyte specimens. The analysis of alloys, pressed minerals, and fused specimens can currently be treated by the program. In addition to using measuredmore » x-ray tube spectral distributions, spectra from seven commonly used x-ray tube targets could also be calculated with an NBS algorithm included in the program. NBSGSC is written in FORTRAN IV for a Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC PDP-11/23) minicomputer using RLO2 firm disks and an RSX 11M operating system.« less

Associative Algebraic Approach to Logarithmic CFT in the Bulk: The Continuum Limit of the {gl(1|1)} Periodic Spin Chain, Howe Duality and the Interchiral Algebra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gainutdinov, A. M.; Read, N.; Saleur, H.

2016-01-01

We develop in this paper the principles of an associative algebraic approach to bulk logarithmic conformal field theories (LCFTs). We concentrate on the closed {gl(1|1)} spin-chain and its continuum limit—the {c=-2} symplectic fermions theory—and rely on two technical companion papers, Gainutdinov et al. (Nucl Phys B 871:245-288, 2013) and Gainutdinov et al. (Nucl Phys B 871:289-329, 2013). Our main result is that the algebra of local Hamiltonians, the Jones-Temperley-Lieb algebra JTL N , goes over in the continuum limit to a bigger algebra than {V}, the product of the left and right Virasoro algebras. This algebra, {S}—which we call interchiral, mixes the left and right moving sectors, and is generated, in the symplectic fermions case, by the additional field {S(z,bar{z})≡ S_{αβ} ψ^α(z)bar{ψ}^β(bar{z})}, with a symmetric form {S_{αβ}} and conformal weights (1,1). We discuss in detail how the space of states of the LCFT (technically, a Krein space) decomposes onto representations of this algebra, and how this decomposition is related with properties of the finite spin-chain. We show that there is a complete correspondence between algebraic properties of finite periodic spin chains and the continuum limit. An important technical aspect of our analysis involves the fundamental new observation that the action of JTL N in the {gl(1|1)} spin chain is in fact isomorphic to an enveloping algebra of a certain Lie algebra, itself a non semi-simple version of {sp_{N-2}}. The semi-simple part of JTL N is represented by {U sp_{N-2}}, providing a beautiful example of a classical Howe duality, for which we have a non semi-simple version in the full JTL N image represented in the spin-chain. On the continuum side, simple modules over {S} are identified with "fundamental" representations of {sp_∞}.

75 FR 52528 - Mandatory Reliability Standards for the Bulk-Power System; Notice of Technical Conference

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-26

... Frequency Response in the Wholesale Electric Grid on Thursday, September 23, from 10 a.m. to approximately 4... Order No. 693 the Commission approved Reliability Standard BAL-003-0 as mandatory and enforceable and directed the ERO to develop a modification to BAL-003-0 through the Reliability Standards development...

Advances in Sterilization and Decontamination: a Survey

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1978-01-01

Recent technical advances made in the field of sterilization and decontamination and their applicability to private and commercial interests are discussed. Government-sponsored programs by NASA produced the bulk of material presented in this survey. The summary of past and current research discussed is detailed to enhance an effective transfer of technology from NASA to potential users.

Technical Note: Field-observed angles of repose for stored grain in the United States

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Bulk grain angle of repose (AoR) is a key parameter for inventorying grain, predicting flow characteristics, and designing bins and grain handling systems. The AoR is defined for two cases, piling (dynamic) or emptying (static), and usually varies with grain type. The objective of this study was to ...

National Action Plan on Superconductivity Research and Development

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1989-12-01

The Superconductivity Action Plan pursuant to the Superconductivity and Competitiveness Act of 1988 is presented. The plan draws upon contributions from leaders in the technical community of the Federal Government responsible for research and development in superconductivity programs, as well as from the report of the Committee to Advise the President on Superconductivity. Input from leaders in the private sector was obtained during the formulation and review of the plan. Some contents: Coordination of the plan; Technical areas (high temperature superconductivity materials in general, high temperature superconductivity films for sensors and electronics, magnets, large area high temperature superconductivity films, bulk conductors); and Policy areas.

Bulk contribution to magnetotransport properties of low-defect-density Bi2Te3 topological insulator thin films

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ngabonziza, P.; Wang, Y.; Brinkman, A.

2018-04-01

An important challenge in the field of topological materials is to carefully disentangle the electronic transport contribution of the topological surface states from that of the bulk. For Bi2Te3 topological insulator samples, bulk single crystals and thin films exposed to air during fabrication processes are known to be bulk conducting, with the chemical potential in the bulk conduction band. For Bi2Te3 thin films grown by molecular beam epitaxy, we combine structural characterization (transmission electron microscopy), chemical surface analysis as function of time (x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and magnetotransport analysis to understand the low defect density and record high bulk electron mobility once charge is doped into the bulk by surface degradation. Carrier densities and electronic mobilities extracted from the Hall effect and the quantum oscillations are consistent and reveal a large bulk carrier mobility. Because of the cylindrical shape of the bulk Fermi surface, the angle dependence of the bulk magnetoresistance oscillations is two dimensional in nature.

Data analysis and calibration for a bulk-refractive-index-compensated surface plasmon resonance affinity sensor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chinowsky, Timothy M.; Yee, Sinclair S.

2002-02-01

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) affinity sensing, the problem of bulk refractive index (RI) interference in SPR sensing, and a sensor developed to overcome this problem are briefly reviewed. The sensor uses a design based on Texas Instruments' Spreeta SPR sensor to simultaneously measure both bulk and surface RI. The bulk RI measurement is then used to compensate the surface measurement and remove the effects of bulk RI interference. To achieve accurate compensation, robust data analysis and calibration techniques are necessary. Simple linear data analysis techniques derived from measurements of the sensor response were found to provide a versatile, low noise method for extracting measurements of bulk and surface refractive index from the raw sensor data. Automatic calibration using RI gradients was used to correct the linear estimates, enabling the sensor to produce accurate data even when the sensor has a complicated nonlinear response which varies with time. The calibration procedure is described, and the factors influencing calibration accuracy are discussed. Data analysis and calibration principles are illustrated with an experiment in which sucrose and detergent solutions are used to produce changes in bulk and surface RI, respectively.

On some universal features of the holographic quantum complexity of bulk singularities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bolognesi, Stefano; Rabinovici, Eliezer; Roy, Shubho R.

2018-06-01

We perform a comparative study of the time dependence of the holographic quantum complexity of some space like singular bulk gravitational backgrounds. This is done by considering the two available notions of complexity, one that relates it to the maximal spatial volume and the other that relates it to the classical action of the Wheeler-de Witt patch. We calculate and compare the leading and the next to leading terms and find some universal features. The complexity decreases towards the singularity for both definitions, for all types of singularities studied. In addition the leading terms have the same quantitative behavior for both definitions in restricted number of cases and the behaviour itself is different for different singular backgrounds. The quantitative details of the next to leading terms, such as their specific form of time dependence, are found not to be universal. They vary between the different cases and between the different bulk definitions of complexity. We also address some technical points inherent to the calculation.

Determination of pseudogap state density and carrier mobility in rf sputtered amorphous silicon. Quarterly technical progress report, January-March 31, 1980

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Paul, W

1980-06-01

The effect of a variety of plasma cleaning procedures on the level of bulk and interfacial contaminants in the films is analyzed by secondary ion mass spectrometry. Bulk levels of 0 have been reduced considerably by N/sub 2/ plasma cleaning, but no reproducible reductions in interfacial contamination have been achieved. A method is described of determining the gap state density N(epsilon) of a-Si:H from field effect, in which no assumptions are made about the form of the band bending in the semiconductor. The problem is reduced to three successive integrals over an assumed N(epsilon) by change of variable from distancemore » to applied voltage and the best fit to the experimental data is obtained by iteration of the assumed state density. The method is shown to be no less rigorous and considerably more economical than the recent analysis of Goodman, Fritzsche and Ozaki. In addition, an experimental means of determining the flat-band voltage to within 5% of the maximum gate voltage V/sub g/ used is demonstrated, by finding the value of V/sub g/ for which (kT/e)dlog I/sub SD//dV/sub g/ is independent of temperature.« less

Energetic potential of algal biomass from high-rate algal ponds for the production of solid biofuels.

PubMed

Costa, Taynan de Oliveira; Calijuri, Maria Lúcia; Avelar, Nayara Vilela; Carneiro, Angélica de Cássia de Oliveira; de Assis, Letícia Rodrigues

2017-08-01

In this investigation, chemical characteristics, higher, lower and net heating value, bulk and energy density, and thermogravimetric analysis were applied to study the thermal characteristics of three algal biomasses. These biomasses, grown as by-products of wastewater treatment in high-rate algal ponds (HRAPs), were: (i) biomass produced in domestic effluent and collected directly from an HRAP (PO); (ii) biomass produced in domestic effluent in a mixed pond-panel system and collected from the panels (PA); and (iii) biomass originating from the treatment effluent from the meat processing industry and collected directly from an HRAP (IN). The biomass IN was the best alternative for thermal power generation. Subsequently, a mixture of the algal biomasses and Jatropha epicarp was used to produce briquettes containing 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of algal biomass, and their properties were evaluated. In general, the addition of algal biomass to briquettes decreased both the hygroscopicity and fixed carbon content and increased the bulk density, ash content, and energy density. A 50% proportion of biomass IN was found to be the best raw material for producing briquettes. Therefore, the production of briquettes consisting of algal biomass and Jatropha epicarp at a laboratory scale was shown to be technically feasible.

ASBESTOS CONTAINING MATERIALS IN SCHOOL BUILDINGS: BULK SAMPLE ANALYSIS QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM. BULK SAMPLE ROUNDS 12, 13 AND BLIND ROUND III

EPA Science Inventory

The report presents the results of laboratories participating in the twelveth, thirteenth and third (III) blind round of the bulk sample analysis quality assurance program sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Three hundred twenty-three, 386 and 51 laboratories w...

SWOT analysis for safer carriage of bulk liquid chemicals in tankers.

PubMed

Arslan, Ozcan; Er, Ismail Deha

2008-06-15

The application of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis to formulation of strategy concerned with the safe carriage of bulk liquid chemicals in maritime tankers was examined in this study. A qualitative investigation using SWOT analysis has been implemented successfully for ships that are designed to carry liquid chemicals in bulk. The originality of this study lies in the use of SWOT analysis as a management tool to formulate strategic action plans for ship management companies, ship masters and officers for the carriage of dangerous goods in bulk. With this transportation-based SWOT analysis, efforts were made to explore the ways and means of converting possible threats into opportunities, and changing weaknesses into strengths; and strategic plans of action were developed for safer tanker operation.

Study on the influence of X-ray tube spectral distribution on the analysis of bulk samples and thin films: Fundamental parameters method and theoretical coefficient algorithms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sitko, Rafał

2008-11-01

Knowledge of X-ray tube spectral distribution is necessary in theoretical methods of matrix correction, i.e. in both fundamental parameter (FP) methods and theoretical influence coefficient algorithms. Thus, the influence of X-ray tube distribution on the accuracy of the analysis of thin films and bulk samples is presented. The calculations are performed using experimental X-ray tube spectra taken from the literature and theoretical X-ray tube spectra evaluated by three different algorithms proposed by Pella et al. (X-Ray Spectrom. 14 (1985) 125-135), Ebel (X-Ray Spectrom. 28 (1999) 255-266), and Finkelshtein and Pavlova (X-Ray Spectrom. 28 (1999) 27-32). In this study, Fe-Cr-Ni system is selected as an example and the calculations are performed for X-ray tubes commonly applied in X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), i.e., Cr, Mo, Rh and W. The influence of X-ray tube spectra on FP analysis is evaluated when quantification is performed using various types of calibration samples. FP analysis of bulk samples is performed using pure-element bulk standards and multielement bulk standards similar to the analyzed material, whereas for FP analysis of thin films, the bulk and thin pure-element standards are used. For the evaluation of the influence of X-ray tube spectra on XRF analysis performed by theoretical influence coefficient methods, two algorithms for bulk samples are selected, i.e. Claisse-Quintin (Can. Spectrosc. 12 (1967) 129-134) and COLA algorithms (G.R. Lachance, Paper Presented at the International Conference on Industrial Inorganic Elemental Analysis, Metz, France, June 3, 1981) and two algorithms (constant and linear coefficients) for thin films recently proposed by Sitko (X-Ray Spectrom. 37 (2008) 265-272).

Microfluidic single-cell whole-transcriptome sequencing.

PubMed

Streets, Aaron M; Zhang, Xiannian; Cao, Chen; Pang, Yuhong; Wu, Xinglong; Xiong, Liang; Yang, Lu; Fu, Yusi; Zhao, Liang; Tang, Fuchou; Huang, Yanyi

2014-05-13

Single-cell whole-transcriptome analysis is a powerful tool for quantifying gene expression heterogeneity in populations of cells. Many techniques have, thus, been recently developed to perform transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) on individual cells. To probe subtle biological variation between samples with limiting amounts of RNA, more precise and sensitive methods are still required. We adapted a previously developed strategy for single-cell RNA-Seq that has shown promise for superior sensitivity and implemented the chemistry in a microfluidic platform for single-cell whole-transcriptome analysis. In this approach, single cells are captured and lysed in a microfluidic device, where mRNAs with poly(A) tails are reverse-transcribed into cDNA. Double-stranded cDNA is then collected and sequenced using a next generation sequencing platform. We prepared 94 libraries consisting of single mouse embryonic cells and technical replicates of extracted RNA and thoroughly characterized the performance of this technology. Microfluidic implementation increased mRNA detection sensitivity as well as improved measurement precision compared with tube-based protocols. With 0.2 M reads per cell, we were able to reconstruct a majority of the bulk transcriptome with 10 single cells. We also quantified variation between and within different types of mouse embryonic cells and found that enhanced measurement precision, detection sensitivity, and experimental throughput aided the distinction between biological variability and technical noise. With this work, we validated the advantages of an early approach to single-cell RNA-Seq and showed that the benefits of combining microfluidic technology with high-throughput sequencing will be valuable for large-scale efforts in single-cell transcriptome analysis.

ASBESTOS-CONTAINING MATERIALS IN SCHOOL BUILDINGS: BULK SAMPLE ANALYSIS QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM-BULK SAMPLE ROUNDS 9, 10, 11 AND BLIND ROUND 2

EPA Science Inventory

The report presents the results of laboratories participating in the nineth, tenth, eleventh and second blind round(s) of the bulk sample analysis quality assurance program sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Two hundred fifty-four, 320, 318, and 50 laboratorie...

The use of bulk collectors in monitoring wet deposition at high-altitude sites in winter

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ranalli, A.J.; Turk, J.T.; Campbell, D.H.

1997-01-01

Concentrations of dissolved ions from samples collected by wet/dry collectors were compared to those collected by bulk collectors at Halfmoon Creek and Ned Wilson Lake in western Colorado to determine if bulk collectors can be used to monitor wet deposition chemistry in remote, high-altitude regions in winter. Hydrogen-ion concentration was significantly lower (p 0.05) at Halfmoon Creek. Wet deposition concentrations were predicated from bulk deposition concentrations through linear regression analysis. Results indicate that anions (chloride, nitrate and sulfate) can be predicted with a high degree of confidence. Lack of significant differences between seasonal (winter and summer) ratios of bulk to wet deposition concentrations indicates that at sites where operation of a wet/dry collector during the winter is not practical, wet deposition concentrations can be predicted from bulk collector samples through regression analysis of wet and bulk deposition data collected during the summer.

Stability analysis for the background equations for inflation with dissipation and in a viscous radiation bath

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bastero-Gil, Mar; Cerezo, Rafael; Berera, Arjun

2012-11-01

The effects of bulk viscosity are examined for inflationary dynamics in which dissipation and thermalization are present. A complete stability analysis is done for the background inflaton evolution equations, which includes both inflaton dissipation and radiation bulk viscous effects. Three representative approaches of bulk viscous irreversible thermodynamics are analyzed: the Eckart noncausal theory, the linear and causal theory of Israel-Stewart and a more recent nonlinear and causal bulk viscous theory. It is found that the causal theories allow for larger bulk viscosities before encountering an instability in comparison to the noncausal Eckart theory. It is also shown that the causalmore » theories tend to suppress the radiation production due to bulk viscous pressure, because of the presence of relaxation effects implicit in these theories. Bulk viscosity coefficients derived from quantum field theory are applied to warm inflation model building and an analysis is made of the effects to the duration of inflation. The treatment of bulk pressure would also be relevant to the reheating phase after inflation in cold inflation dynamics and during the radiation dominated regime, although very little work in both areas has been done; the methodology developed in this paper could be extended to apply to these other problems.« less

Successful fifth metatarsal bulk autograft reconstruction of thermal necrosis post intramedullary fixation.

PubMed

Veljkovic, Andrea; Le, Vu; Escudero, Mario; Salat, Peter; Wing, Kevin; Penner, Murray; Younger, Alastair

2018-03-21

Reamed intramedullary (IM) screw fixation for proximal fifth metatarsal fractures is technically challenging with potentially devastating complications if basic principles are not followed. A case of an iatrogenic fourth-degree burn after elective reamed IM screw fixation of a proximal fifth metatarsal fracture in a high-level athlete is reported. The case was complicated by postoperative osteomyelitis with third-degree soft-tissue defect. This was successfully treated with staged autologous bone graft reconstruction, tendon reconstruction, and local bi-pedicle flap coverage. The patient returned to competitive-level sports, avoiding the need for fifth ray amputation. Critical points of the IM screw technique and definitive reconstruction are discussed. Bulk autograft reconstruction is a safe and effective alternative to ray amputation in segmental defects of the fifth metatarsal.Level of evidence V.

Trends in restorative composites research: what is in the future?

PubMed

Maas, Mariel Soeiro; Alania, Yvette; Natale, Livia Camargo; Rodrigues, Marcela Charantola; Watts, David Christopher; Braga, Roberto Ruggiero

2017-08-28

Clinical trials have identified secondary caries and bulk fracture as the main causes for composite restoration failure. As a measure to avoid frequent reinterventions for restoration replacement, composites with some sort of defense mechanism against biofilm formation and demineralization, as well as materials with lower susceptibility to crack propagation are necessary. Also, the restorative procedure with composites are very time-consuming and technically demanding, particularly concerning the application of the adhesive system. Therefore, together with bulk-fill composites, self-adhesive restorative composites could reduce operator error and chairside time. This literature review describes the current stage of development of remineralizing, antibacterial and self-healing composites. Also, an overview of the research on fiber-reinforced composites and self-adhesive composites, both introduced for clinical use in recent years, is presented.

A Tissue-Specific Approach to the Analysis of Metabolic Changes in Caenorhabditis elegans

PubMed Central

Pujol, Claire; Ipsen, Sabine; Brodesser, Susanne; Mourier, Arnaud; Tolnay, Markus; Frank, Stephan; Trifunović, Aleksandra

2011-01-01

The majority of metabolic principles are evolutionarily conserved from nematodes to humans. Caenorhabditis elegans has widely accelerated the discovery of new genes important to maintain organismic metabolic homeostasis. Various methods exist to assess the metabolic state in worms, yet they often require large animal numbers and tend to be performed as bulk analyses of whole worm homogenates, thereby largely precluding a detailed studies of metabolic changes in specific worm tissues. Here, we have adapted well-established histochemical methods for the use on C. elegans fresh frozen sections and demonstrate their validity for analyses of morphological and metabolic changes on tissue level in wild type and various mutant strains. We show how the worm presents on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained sections and demonstrate their usefulness in monitoring and the identification of morphological abnormalities. In addition, we demonstrate how Oil-Red-O staining on frozen worm cross-sections permits quantification of lipid storage, avoiding the artifact-prone fixation and permeabilization procedures of traditional whole-mount protocols. We also adjusted standard enzymatic stains for respiratory chain subunits (NADH, SDH, and COX) to monitor metabolic states of various C. elegans tissues. In summary, the protocols presented here provide technical guidance to obtain robust, reproducible and quantifiable tissue-specific data on worm morphology as well as carbohydrate, lipid and mitochondrial energy metabolism that cannot be obtained through traditional biochemical bulk analyses of worm homogenates. Furthermore, analysis of worm cross-sections overcomes the common problem with quantification in three-dimensional whole-mount specimens. PMID:22162770

Comparison of wet-only and bulk deposition at Chiang Mai (Thailand) based on rainwater chemical composition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chantara, Somporn; Chunsuk, Nawarut

The chemical composition of 122 rainwater samples collected daily from bulk and wet-only collectors in a sub-urban area of Chiang Mai (Thailand) during August 2005-July 2006 has been analyzed and compared to assess usability of a cheaper and less complex bulk collector over a sophisticated wet-only collector. Statistical analysis was performed on log-transformed daily rain amount and depositions of major ions for each collector type. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) test revealed that the amount of rainfall collected from a rain gauge, bulk collector and wet-only collector showed no significant difference ( ∝=0.05). The volume weight mean electro-conductivity (EC) values of bulk and wet-only samples were 0.69 and 0.65 mS/m, respectively. The average pH of the samples from both types of collectors was 5.5. Scatter plots between log-transformed depositions of specific ions obtained from bulk and wet-only samples showed high correlation ( r>0.91). Means of log-transformed bulk deposition were 14% (Na + and K +), 13% (Mg 2+), 7% (Ca 2+), 4% (NO 3-), 3% (SO 42- and Cl -) and 2% (NH 4+) higher than that of wet-only deposition. However, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed that ion depositions obtained from bulk and wet-only collectors were not significantly different ( ∝=0.05). Therefore, it was concluded that a bulk collector can be used instead of a wet-only collector in a sub-urban area.

TANK 18-F AND 19-F TANK FILL GROUT SCALE UP TEST SUMMARY

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Stefanko, D.; Langton, C.

2012-01-03

High-level waste (HLW) tanks 18-F and 19-F have been isolated from FTF facilities. To complete operational closure the tanks will be filled with grout for the purpose of: (1) physically stabilizing the tanks, (2) limiting/eliminating vertical pathways to residual waste, (3) entombing waste removal equipment, (4) discouraging future intrusion, and (5) providing an alkaline, chemical reducing environment within the closure boundary to control speciation and solubility of select radionuclides. This report documents the results of a four cubic yard bulk fill scale up test on the grout formulation recommended for filling Tanks 18-F and 19-F. Details of the scale upmore » test are provided in a Test Plan. The work was authorized under a Technical Task Request (TTR), HLE-TTR-2011-008, and was performed according to Task Technical and Quality Assurance Plan (TTQAP), SRNL-RP-2011-00587. The bulk fill scale up test described in this report was intended to demonstrate proportioning, mixing, and transportation, of material produced in a full scale ready mix concrete batch plant. In addition, the material produced for the scale up test was characterized with respect to fresh properties, thermal properties, and compressive strength as a function of curing time.« less

Progress towards Growth and Characterization of Rare-Earth Nanoparticles using the Inverse Micelle Method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Romero, Dulce G.; Ho, Pei-Chun

2008-03-01

Nano-sized particles and clusters have promising electrical, chemical, and magnetic properties as compared to the bulk materials. Due to their reduced dimensionality, it makes their physical properties significantly different from the bulk material. The nano-sized materials have great potential for technical applications, such as, magnetic information storage, imaging, medical devices, and magnetic refrigeration. In this report, we will present the preliminary results on the growth and characterization of rare-earth metallic nanoparticles of Gd and Nd synthesized by the inverse micelle method [1]. These results will be compared to the bulk properties of Gd and Nd, as well as, to those exhibited by metallic nanoparticles, such as Co (by inverse micelle), and Gd (by laser evaporation cluster source), which have been found to show superparamagnetic behavior, enhanced magnetization, and self-organization [2-4]. [1] X.M. Lin, et al. Langmuir. 14, 7140 (1998). [2] D.C. Douglass, et al. Phys. Rev. B. 47, 19 (1993). [3] C. Petit, et al. Advanced Materials. 10, 259 (1998). [4] J.P. Chen, et al. Phys. Rev. B. 51, 11527 (1995).

Rail accelerator technology and applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zana, L. M.; Kerslake, W. R.

1985-01-01

Rail accelerators offer a viable means of launching ton-size payloads from the Earth's surface to space. The results of two mission studies which indicate that an Earth-to-Space Rail Launcher (ESRL) system is not only technically feasible but also economically beneficial, particularly when large amounts of bulk cago are to be delivered to space are given. An in-house experimental program at the Lewis Research Center (LeRC) was conducted in parallel with the mission studies with the objective of examining technical feasibility issues. A 1 m long - 12.5 by 12.5 mm bore rail accelerator as designed with clear polycarbonate sidewalls to visually observe the plasma armature acceleration. The general character of plasma/projectile dynamics is described for a typical test firing.

Product assurance technology for procuring reliable, radiation-hard, custom LSI/VLSI electronics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Buehler, M. G.; Allen, R. A.; Blaes, B. R.; Hicks, K. A.; Jennings, G. A.; Lin, Y.-S.; Pina, C. A.; Sayah, H. R.; Zamani, N.

1989-01-01

Advanced measurement methods using microelectronic test chips are described. These chips are intended to be used in acquiring the data needed to qualify Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC's) for space use. Efforts were focused on developing the technology for obtaining custom IC's from CMOS/bulk silicon foundries. A series of test chips were developed: a parametric test strip, a fault chip, a set of reliability chips, and the CRRES (Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite) chip, a test circuit for monitoring space radiation effects. The technical accomplishments of the effort include: (1) development of a fault chip that contains a set of test structures used to evaluate the density of various process-induced defects; (2) development of new test structures and testing techniques for measuring gate-oxide capacitance, gate-overlap capacitance, and propagation delay; (3) development of a set of reliability chips that are used to evaluate failure mechanisms in CMOS/bulk: interconnect and contact electromigration and time-dependent dielectric breakdown; (4) development of MOSFET parameter extraction procedures for evaluating subthreshold characteristics; (5) evaluation of test chips and test strips on the second CRRES wafer run; (6) two dedicated fabrication runs for the CRRES chip flight parts; and (7) publication of two papers: one on the split-cross bridge resistor and another on asymmetrical SRAM (static random access memory) cells for single-event upset analysis.

Preparing Black and Latino Young Men for College and Careers: A Description of the Schools and Strategies in NYC's Expanded Success Initiative. Technical Appendices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klevan, Sarah; Villavicencio, Adriana; Wulach, Suzanne

2013-01-01

In August of 2011, NYC launched the Young Men's Initiative (YMI)--an ambitious set of programs across several City agencies aimed at improving outcomes for Black and Latino males. The bulk of YMI's education effort is the Expanded Success Initiative (ESI), which provides funding and support to 40 high schools to help them improve college and…

CO + H/sub 2/ reaction over nitrogen-modified iron catalysts. Quarterly technical progress report, October 1, 1983-December 30, 1983. [Denitriding of iron nitrides in both hydrogen and helium

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Delgass, W.N.

1984-02-01

The synthesis of epsilon-Fe/sub 2.7/N is confirmed by Moessbauer spectroscopy. Carburization of epsilon-iron nitride for 2.5 hours in 3H/sub 2//CO at 523 K starts the formation of a bulk structure similar to that seen during ..gamma..'-iron nitride carburization. Reaction of ..gamma..'-Fe/sub 4/N in 3CO/H/sub 2/ synthesis gas at 523 K shows a better bulk stability than reaction in 3H/sub 2//CO. Kinetic analysis of the product distribution at the higher CO ratio confirms greater activity and selectivity maintainance. The kinetics of denitriding in both He and H/sub 2/ was studied with a mass spectrometer. Extremely rapid nitrogen loss was observed frommore » both ..gamma..'-Fe/sub 4/N and epsilon-Fe/sub 2.7/N catalysts in H/sub 2/ at 523 K. In both cases a initial exposure to H/sub 2/ produced a significant amount of NH/sub 3/ which we ascribe to an active surface species. Hydrogenation of the bulk continued with a slow rise to a maximum about 90 seconds after the introduction of H/sub 2/. The denitriding activity of the epsilon-Fe/sub 2.7/N catalyst was significantly higher than that of the ..gamma..'-Fe/sub 4/N catalyst. In contrast, the denitriding rate of epsilon-Fe/sub 2.7/N in He was significantly slower than that in H/sub 2/ until high temperatures (773K) were reached. An overall activation energy of 41.5 kcal/mol was obtained for this process. Comparison of the denitriding rate of virgin epsilon-Fe/sub 2.7/N in H/sub 2/ with that of the same nitride after five minutes of carburization during the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction indicates large differences in the overall rate. The carburized nitride was some 300 times less active to bulk hydrogenation than the virgin catalyst, which is indicative of significant changes in the first few layers of the nitride during the initial minutes of the synthesis reaction. 17 references, 5 figures.« less

Technical note: Headspace analysis of explosive compounds using a novel sampling chamber.

PubMed

DeGreeff, Lauryn; Rogers, Duane A; Katilie, Christopher; Johnson, Kevin; Rose-Pehrsson, Susan

2015-03-01

The development of instruments and methods for explosive vapor detection is a continually evolving field of interest. A thorough understanding of the characteristic vapor signatures of explosive material is imperative for the development and testing of new and current detectors. In this research a headspace sampling chamber was designed to contain explosive materials for the controlled, reproducible sampling and characterization of vapors associated with these materials. In a detonation test, the chamber was shown to contain an explosion equivalent to three grams of trinitrotoluene (TNT) without damage to the chamber. The efficacy of the chamber in controlled headspace sampling was evaluated in laboratory tests with bulk explosive materials. Small quantities of TNT, triacetone triperoxide (TATP) and hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD) were separately placed in the sampling chamber, and the headspace of each material was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with online cryogenic trapping to yield characteristic vapor signatures for each explosive compound. Chamber sampling conditions, temperature and sampling time, were varied to demonstrate suitability for precise headspace analysis. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

Recent developments in melt processed Gd-123 and MgB2 materials at RTRI

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muralidhar, M.; Fukumoto, Y.; Ishihara, A.; Suzuki, K.; Tomita, M.; Koblischka, M. R.; Yamamoto, A.; Kishio, K.

2014-01-01

In this contribution we will report on the current status, recent developments in GdBa2Cu3Oy "Gd-123" and MgB2 material processing, characterization, and applications at the Railway Technical Research Institute (RTRI). Batch-processing of Gd-123 bulk material grown in air was performed using novel thin film Nd-123 seeds grown on MgO crystals. In this way, we are able to fabricate materials with good quality, and uniform performance. We examined the technology of the uniform performance of the large 45 mm diameter, single grain Gd-123 bulks for use in application of NMR. For this purpose, four 5 mm thick pieces are cut vertically from a single grain Gd-123 material and the magnetic field distribution is measured using a scanning hall sensor. We found that all four pieces are single domain and exhibit a quite uniform field distribution. Furthermore, the batch-processed bulk materials are used for the construction of a chilled Maglev vehicle. On the other hand, to optimize the trapped field performance of bulk MgB2 material, several samples were prepared by solid state reaction at different temperatures ranging from 750 to 950 °C in pure argon atmosphere. X-ray diffraction results indicated that single phase and homogenous MgB2 bulks are produced when sintering them around 775 °C. Further, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that an uniform grain size results by controlling the processing temperature. So, higher trapped fields can be achieved in sintered MgB2 material.

Zinc sulfide and zinc selenide immersion gratings for astronomical high-resolution spectroscopy: evaluation of internal attenuation of bulk materials in the short near-infrared region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ikeda, Yuji; Kobayashi, Naoto; Kondo, Sohei; Yasui, Chikako; Kuzmenko, Paul J.; Tokoro, Hitoshi; Terada, Hiroshi

2009-08-01

We measure the internal attenuation of bulk crystals of chemical vapor deposition zinc selenide (CVD-ZnS), chemical vapor deposition zinc sulfide (CVD-ZnSe), Si, and GaAs in the short near-infrared (sNIR) region to evaluate the possibility of astronomical immersion gratings with those high refractive index materials. We confirm that multispectral grade CVD-ZnS and CVD-ZnSe are best suited for the immersion gratings, with the smallest internal attenuation of αatt=0.01 to 0.03 cm-1 among the major candidates. The measured attenuation is roughly in proportion to λ-2, suggesting it is dominated by bulk scattering due to the polycrystalline grains rather than by absorption. The total transmittance in the immersion grating is estimated to be at least >80%, even for the spectral resolution of R=300,000. Two potential problems, the scattered light by the bulk material and the degradation of the spectral resolution due to the gradient illumination in the diffracted beam, are investigated and found to be negligible for usual astronomical applications. Since the remaining problem, the difficulty of cutting grooves on CVD-ZnS and CVD-ZnSe, has recently been overcome by the nanoprecision fly-cutting technique, ZnS and ZnSe immersion gratings for astronomy can be technically realized.

Commandant's international technical series. Volume 9. International regulations on the prevention of pollution from ships carrying hazardous chemicals in bulk. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1985-12-01

MARPOL was developed to minimize accidental and operational pollution from ships carrying noxious liquid substances in bulk. Accidental pollution could result from a collision, a grounding, or an overflow of a cargo tank. Operational pollution results from the disposal of cargo tank washings. Major amendments were made to the original Annex II by the International Maritime Organization. The United States and other States party to MARPOL will implement Annex II, as amended, on April 7, 1987. Implementation will affect seagoing ships transporting noxious liquid substances to and from such ships. The attached documents contain internationally agreed requirements, interpretations, and guidelinesmore » necessary for the implementation of Annex II. The documents attached include: (1) MARPOL Annex II as amended by amendments adopted by the twenty-second session of the IMO Marine Environment Protection Committee; (2) Unified Interpretations of Annex II; (3) Standards for the Procedures and Arrangements for the Discharge of Noxious Liquid Substances; (4) Ammendments to the Bulk Chemical Code and the International Bulk Chemical Code to include marine pollution concerns; (5) Guidelines on the Provision of Adequate Reception Facilities in Ports, Part II (Noxious Liquid Substances). The contents of these documents are being placed in regulations. The purpose of this document is to give members of the interested public advance notification of impending regulations.« less

RESEARCH METHOD FOR SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF FIBROUS AMPHIBOLE IN VERMICULITE ATTIC INSULATION

EPA Science Inventory

NRMRL hosted a meeting on July 17-18, 2003 entitled, "Analytical Method for Bulk Analysis of Vermiculite." The purpose of this effort was to produce an interim research method for use by U.S. EPA's Office of Research and Development (ORD) for the analysis of bulk vermiculite for...

31 CFR 21.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical... analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Professional and technical services...

14 CFR 1271.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical... analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Professional and technical services. 1271...

40 CFR 34.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical... analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Professional and technical services. 34...

24 CFR 87.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... technical services shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical... analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Professional and technical services...

22 CFR 712.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical... analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Professional and technical services. 712.300...

22 CFR 311.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... technical services shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical... analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Professional and technical services. 311.300...

45 CFR 604.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical... analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is... 45 Public Welfare 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Professional and technical services. 604.300...

Commandant’s International Technical Series. Volume 9. International Regulations on the Prevention of Pollution from Ships Carrying Hazardous Chemicals in Bulk.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-12-01

Styrene monomer 2055 B Sulphuric acid 1830 C " Sulphuric acid, spent 1832 C - Sulphurous acid 1633 (C) Sunflover oil D...anhydrides (e.g. formic, acetic); .3 halogenated carboxylic acids (e.g. chloracetic); .4 sulpnonic acids (e.g. benzene sulphonic); .5 caustic alkalis...acetic); (iii) halogenated carboxylic acids (e.g. cbloracetic); (iv) sulphonic acids (e.g. benzene sulphonic);II (v) caustic alkalis (e.g. sodium

Product assurance technology for custom LSI/VLSI electronics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Buehler, M. G.; Blaes, B. R.; Jennings, G. A.; Moore, B. T.; Nixon, R. H.; Pina, C. A.; Sayah, H. R.; Sievers, M. W.; Stahlberg, N. F.

1985-01-01

The technology for obtaining custom integrated circuits from CMOS-bulk silicon foundries using a universal set of layout rules is presented. The technical efforts were guided by the requirement to develop a 3 micron CMOS test chip for the Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES). This chip contains both analog and digital circuits. The development employed all the elements required to obtain custom circuits from silicon foundries, including circuit design, foundry interfacing, circuit test, and circuit qualification.

Final Technical Report summarizing Purdue research activities as part of the DOE JET Topical Collaboration

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Molnar, Denes

2015-09-01

This report summarizes research activities at Purdue University done as part of the DOE JET Topical Collaboration. These mainly involve calculation of covariant radiative energy loss in the (Djordjevic-)Gyulassy-Levai-Vitev ((D)GLV) framework for relativistic A+A reactions at RHIC and LHC energies using realistic bulk medium evolution with both transverse and longitudinal expansion. The single PDF file provided also includes a report from the entire JET Collaboration.

Excess Foundry Sand Characterization and Experimental Investigation in Controlled Low-Strength Material and Hot-Mixing Asphalt

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tikalsky, Paul J.; Bahia, Hussain U.; Deng, An

2004-10-15

This report provides technical data regarding the reuse of excess foundry sand. The report addresses three topics: a statistically sound evaluation of the characterization of foundry sand, a laboratory investigation to qualify excess foundry sand as a major component in controlled low-strength material (CLSM), and the identification of the best methods for using foundry sand as a replacement for natural aggregates for construction purposes, specifically in asphalt paving materials. The survival analysis statistical technique was used to characterize foundry sand over a full spectrum of general chemical parameters, metallic elements, and organic compounds regarding bulk analysis and leachate characterization. Notmore » limited to characterization and environmental impact, foundry sand was evaluated by factor analyses, which contributes to proper selection of factor and maximization of the reuse marketplace for foundry sand. Regarding the integration of foundry sand into CLSM, excavatable CLSM and structural CLSM containing different types of excess foundry sands were investigated through laboratory experiments. Foundry sand was approved to constitute a major component in CLSM. Regarding the integration of foundry sand into asphalt paving materials, the optimum asphalt content was determined for each mixture, as well as the bulk density, maximum density, asphalt absorption, and air voids at Nini, Ndes, and Nmax. It was found that foundry sands can be used as an aggregate in hot-mix asphalt production, but each sand should be evaluated individually. Foundry sands tend to lower the strength of mixtures and also may make them more susceptible to moisture damage. Finally, traditional anti-stripping additives may decrease the moisture sensitivity of a mixture containing foundry sand, but not to the level allowed by most highway agencies.« less

Excess Foundry Sand Characterization and Experimental Investigation in Controlled Low-Strength Material and Hot-Mixing Asphalt

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pauul J. Tikalsky

2004-10-31

This report provides technical data regarding the reuse of excess foundry sand. The report addresses three topics: (1) a statistically sound evaluation of the characterization of foundry sand, (2) a laboratory investigation to qualify excess foundry sand as a major component in controlled low-strength material (CLSM), and (3) the identification of the best methods for using foundry sand as a replacement for natural aggregates for construction purposes, specifically in asphalt paving materials. The survival analysis statistical technique was used to characterize foundry sand over a full spectrum of general chemical parameters, metallic elements, and organic compounds regarding bulk analysis andmore » leachate characterization. Not limited to characterization and environmental impact, foundry sand was evaluated by factor analyses, which contributes to proper selection of factor and maximization of the reuse marketplace for foundry sand. Regarding the integration of foundry sand into CLSM, excavatable CLSM and structural CLSM containing different types of excess foundry sands were investigated through laboratory experiments. Foundry sand was approved to constitute a major component in CLSM. Regarding the integration of foundry sand into asphalt paving materials, the optimum asphalt content was determined for each mixture, as well as the bulk density, maximum density, asphalt absorption, and air voids at N{sub ini}, N{sub des}, and N{sub max}. It was found that foundry sands can be used as an aggregate in hot-mix asphalt production, but each sand should be evaluated individually. Foundry sands tend to lower the strength of mixtures and also may make them more susceptible to moisture damage. Finally, traditional anti-stripping additives may decrease the moisture sensitivity of a mixture containing foundry sand, but not to the level allowed by most highway agencies.« less

29 CFR 93.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... technical services shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical... analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is... 29 Labor 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Professional and technical services. 93.300 Section 93.300...

Nanotexturing of surfaces to reduce melting point.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Garcia, Ernest J.; Zubia, David; Mireles, Jose

2011-11-01

This investigation examined the use of nano-patterned structures on Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) material to reduce the bulk material melting point (1414 C). It has been found that sharp-tipped and other similar structures have a propensity to move to the lower energy states of spherical structures and as a result exhibit lower melting points than the bulk material. Such a reduction of the melting point would offer a number of interesting opportunities for bonding in microsystems packaging applications. Nano patterning process capabilities were developed to create the required structures for the investigation. One of the technical challenges of the project was understandingmore » and creating the specialized conditions required to observe the melting and reshaping phenomena. Through systematic experimentation and review of the literature these conditions were determined and used to conduct phase change experiments. Melting temperatures as low as 1030 C were observed.« less

A stochastic frontier approach to study the relationship between gastrointestinal nematode infections and technical efficiency of dairy farms.

PubMed

van der Voort, Mariska; Van Meensel, Jef; Lauwers, Ludwig; Vercruysse, Jozef; Van Huylenbroeck, Guido; Charlier, Johannes

2014-01-01

The impact of gastrointestinal (GI) nematode infections in dairy farming has traditionally been assessed using partial productivity indicators. But such approaches ignore the impact of infection on the performance of the whole farm. In this study, efficiency analysis was used to study the association of the GI nematode Ostertagia ostertagi on the technical efficiency of dairy farms. Five years of accountancy data were linked to GI nematode infection data gained from a longitudinal parasitic monitoring campaign. The level of exposure to GI nematodes was based on bulk-tank milk ELISA tests, which measure the antibodies to O. ostertagi and was expressed as an optical density ratio (ODR). Two unbalanced data panels were created for the period 2006 to 2010. The first data panel contained 198 observations from the Belgian Farm Accountancy Data Network (Brussels, Belgium) and the second contained 622 observations from the Boerenbond Flemish farmers' union (Leuven, Belgium) accountancy system (Tiber Farm Accounting System). We used the stochastic frontier analysis approach and defined inefficiency effect models specified with the Cobb-Douglas and transcendental logarithmic (Translog) functional form. To assess the efficiency scores, milk production was considered as the main output variable. Six input variables were used: concentrates, roughage, pasture, number of dairy cows, animal health costs, and labor. The ODR of each individual farm served as an explanatory variable of inefficiency. An increase in the level of exposure to GI nematodes was associated with a decrease in technical efficiency. Exposure to GI nematodes constrains the productivity of pasture, health, and labor but does not cause inefficiency in the use of concentrates, roughage, and dairy cows. Lowering the level of infection in the interquartile range (0.271 ODR) was associated with an average milk production increase of 27, 19, and 9L/cow per year for Farm Accountancy Data Network farms and 63, 49, and 23L/cow per year for Tiber Farm Accounting System farms in the low- (0-90), medium- (90-95), and high- (95-99) efficiency score groups, respectively. The potential milk increase associated with reducing the level of infection was higher for highly efficient farms (6.7% of the total possible milk increase when becoming fully technically efficient) than for less efficient farms (3.8% of the total possible milk increase when becoming fully technically efficient). Copyright © 2014 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Laboratory Evaluation of Remediation Alternatives for U.S. Coast Guard Small Arms Firing Ranges

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-11-01

S) is an immobilization process that involves the mixing of a contaminated soil with a binder material to enhance the physical and chemical...samples were shipped to WES for laboratory analysis. Phase III: Homogenization of the Bulk Samples. Each of the bulk samples was separately mixed to...produce uniform samples for testing. These mixed bulk soil samples were analyzed for metal content. Phase IV: Characterization of the Bulk Soils

NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Hydrostatic Bearing Activities

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Benjamin, Theodore G.

1991-01-01

The basic approach for analyzing hydrostatic bearing flows at the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) is briefly discussed. The Hydrostatic Bearing Team has responsibility for assessing and evaluating flow codes; evaluating friction, ignition, and galling effects; evaluating wear; and performing tests. The Office of Aerospace and Exploration Technology Turbomachinery Seals Tasks consist of tests and analysis. The MSFC in-house analyses utilize one-dimensional bulk-flow codes. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is used to enhance understanding of bearing flow physics or to perform parametric analysis that are outside the bulk flow database. As long as the bulk flow codes are accurate enough for most needs, they will be utilized accordingly and will be supported by CFD analysis on an as-needed basis.

76 FR 43175 - Approval of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana and Ohio; Disapproval of Interstate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-20

... impact. EPA stated that the state's conclusion should be supported by an adequate technical analysis. EPA... by an adequate technical analysis. IDEM did not provide a technical analysis in its submittal, but... technical analysis and justification necessary to make that demonstration. Indiana did not provide any...

TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT OF BULK VITRIFICATION PROCESS & PRODUCT FOR TANK WASTE TREATMENT AT THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY HANFORD SITE

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

SCHAUS, P.S.

At the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Hanford Site, the Waste Treatment Plant (WTP) is being constructed to immobilize both high-level waste (IUW) for disposal in a national repository and low-activity waste (LAW) for onsite, near-surface disposal. The schedule-controlling step for the WTP Project is vitrification of the large volume of LAW, current capacity of the WTP (as planned) would require 50 years to treat the Hanford tank waste, if the entire LAW volume were to be processed through the WTP. To reduce the time and cost for treatment of Hanford Tank Waste, and as required by the Tank Wastemore » Remediation System Environmental Impact Statement Record of Decision and the Hanford Federal Facility Consent Agreement (Tn-Party Agreement), DOE plans to supplement the LAW treatment capacity of the WTP. Since 2002, DOE, in cooperation with the Environmental Protection Agency and State of Washington Department of Ecology has been evaluating technologies that could provide safe and effective supplemental treatment of LAW. Current efforts at Hanford are intended to provide additional information to aid a joint agency decision on which technology will be used to supplement the WTP. A Research, Development and Demonstration permit has been issued by the State of Washington to build and (for a limited time) operate a Demonstration Bulk Vitrification System (DBVS) facility to provide information for the decision on a supplemental treatment technology for up to 50% of the LAW. In the Bulk Vitrification (BV) process, LAW, soil, and glass-forming chemicals are mixed, dried, and placed in a refractory-lined box, Electric current, supplied through two graphite electrodes in the box, melts the waste feed, producing a durable glass waste-form. Although recent modifications to the process have resulted in significant improvements, there are continuing technical concerns.« less

Optoelectronic Workshops. 11. Superlattice Disordering

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-12-07

modulator ref.: Wood, JLWT §9, p743 (6/88) AaMQW =50x &acGaAs bulk (is comparable to LINbO3) residual aborption for typical device = 2 dB typical device...band edge due to unacceptable aborption losses Far from band edge, 10-4 -An-c10)-3 with minimum chirp Dominant electro-optic effect is quadratic- with...Bratton for technical support and KJ. Mackey for many helpful discussions. T.D. Golding would like to thank Prof. M. Pepper for assistance, and

Fused Bead Analysis of Diogenite Meteorites

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mittlefehldt, D.W.; Beck, B.W.; McSween, H.Y.; Lee, C.T. A.

2009-01-01

Bulk rock chemistry is an essential dataset in meteoritics and planetary science [1]. A common method used to obtain the bulk chemistry of meteorites is ICP-MS. While the accuracy, precision and low detection limits of this process are advantageous [2], the sample size used for analysis (approx.70 mg) can be a problem in a field where small and finite samples are the norm. Fused bead analysis is another bulk rock analytical technique that has been used in meteoritics [3]. This technique involves forming a glass bead from 10 mg of sample and measuring its chemistry using a defocused beam on a microprobe. Though the ICP-MS has lower detection limits than the microprobe, the fused bead method destroys a much smaller sample of the meteorite. Fused bead analysis was initially designed for samples with near-eutectic compositions and low viscosities. Melts generated of this type homogenize at relatively low temperatures and produce primary melts near the sample s bulk composition [3]. The application of fused bead analysis to samples with noneutectic melt compositions has not been validated. The purpose of this study is to test if fused bead analysis can accurately determine the bulk rock chemistry of non-eutectic melt composition meteorites. To determine this, we conduct two examinations of the fused bead. First, we compare ICP-MS and fused bead results of the same samples using statistical analysis. Secondly, we inspect the beads for the presence of crystals and chemical heterogeneity. The presence of either of these would indicate incomplete melting and quenching of the bead.

Practical Considerations of Moisture in Baled Biomass Feedstocks

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

William A. Smith; Ian J. Bonner; Kevin L. Kenney

2013-01-01

Agricultural residues make up a large portion of the immediately available biomass feedstock for renewable energy markets. Current collection and storage methods rely on existing feed and forage practices designed to preserve nutrients and properties of digestibility. Low-cost collection and storage practices that preserve carbohydrates across a range of inbound moisture contents are needed to assure the economic and technical success of the emerging biomass industry. This study examines the movement of moisture in storage and identifies patterns of migration resulting from several on-farm storage systems and their impacts on moisture measurement and dry matter recovery. Baled corn stover andmore » energy sorghum were stored outdoors in uncovered, tarp-covered, or wrapped stacks and sampled periodically to measure moisture and dry matter losses. Interpolation between discrete sampling locations in the stack improved bulk moisture content estimates and showed clear patterns of accumulation and re-deposition. Atmospheric exposure, orientation, and contact with barriers (i.e., soil, tarp, and wrap surfaces) were found to cause the greatest amount of moisture heterogeneity within stacks. Although the bulk moisture content of many stacks remained in the range suitable for aerobic stability, regions of high moisture were sufficient to support microbial activity, thus support dry matter loss. Stack configuration, orientation, and coverage methods are discussed relative to impact on moisture management and dry matter preservation. Additionally, sample collection and data analysis are discussed relative to assessment at the biorefinery as it pertains to stability in storage, queuing, and moisture carried into processing.« less

A numerically efficient finite element hydroelastic analysis. Volume 2: Implementation in NASTRAN, part 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Coppolino, R. N.

1974-01-01

Details are presented of the implementation of the new formulation into NASTRAN including descriptions of the DMAP statements required for conversion of the program and details pertaining to problem definition and bulk data considerations. Details of the current 1/8-scale space shuttle external tank mathematical model, numerical results and analysis/test comparisons are also presented. The appendices include a description and listing of a FORTRAN program used to develop harmonic transformation bulk data (multipoint constraint statements) and sample bulk data information for a number of hydroelastic problems.

Retrieval System for Calcined Waste for the Idaho Cleanup Project - 12104

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Eastman, Randy L.; Johnston, Beau A.; Lower, Danielle E.

This paper describes the conceptual approach to retrieve radioactive calcine waste, hereafter called calcine, from stainless steel storage bins contained within concrete vaults. The retrieval system will allow evacuation of the granular solids (calcine) from the storage bins through the use of stationary vacuum nozzles. The nozzles will use air jets for calcine fluidization and will be able to rotate and direct the fluidization or displacement of the calcine within the bin. Each bin will have a single retrieval system installed prior to operation to prevent worker exposure to the high radiation fields. The addition of an articulated camera armmore » will allow for operations monitoring and will be equipped with contingency tools to aid in calcine removal. Possible challenges (calcine bridging and rat-holing) associated with calcine retrieval and transport, including potential solutions for bin pressurization, calcine fluidization and waste confinement, are also addressed. The Calcine Disposition Project has the responsibility to retrieve, treat, and package HLW calcine. The calcine retrieval system has been designed to incorporate the functions and technical characteristics as established by the retrieval system functional analysis. By adequately implementing the highest ranking technical characteristics into the design of the retrieval system, the system will be able to satisfy the functional requirements. The retrieval system conceptual design provides the means for removing bulk calcine from the bins of the CSSF vaults. Top-down vacuum retrieval coupled with an articulating camera arm will allow for a robust, contained process capable of evacuating bulk calcine from bins and transporting it to the processing facility. The system is designed to fluidize, vacuum, transport and direct the calcine from its current location to the CSSF roof-top transport lines. An articulating camera arm, deployed through an adjacent access riser, will work in conjunction with the retrieval nozzle to aid in calcine fluidization, remote viewing, clumped calcine breaking and recovery from off-normal conditions. As the design of the retrieval system progresses from conceptual to preliminary, increasing attention will be directed toward detailed design and proof-of- concept testing. (authors)« less

45 CFR 93.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... services shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline... analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is... 45 Public Welfare 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Professional and technical services. 93.300...

78 FR 27235 - Technical Guidance for Assessing Environmental Justice in Regulatory Analysis

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-09

... Justice in Regulatory Analysis.'' The purpose of this guidance is to provide EPA analysts with technical...-566-2363. Mail: Technical Guidance for Assessing Environmental Justice in Regulatory Analysis... ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY [EPA-HQ-OA-2013-0320; FRL-9810-5] Technical Guidance for Assessing...

13 CFR 146.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... services shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline... analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Professional and technical...

Application of subtracted gDNA microarray-assisted Bulked Segregant Analysis for rapid discovery of molecular markers associated with day-neutrality in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa)

PubMed Central

Gor, Mian Chee; Mantri, Nitin; Pang, Edwin

2016-01-01

A Fragaria Discovery Panel (FDP; strawberry-specific SDA) containing 287 features was constructed by subtracting the pooled gDNA of nine non-angiosperm species from the pooled gDNA of five strawberry genotypes. This FDP was used for Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA) to enable identification of molecular markers associated with day-neutrality. Analysis of hybridisation patterns of a short day (SD) DNA bulk and three day-neutral (DN) DNA bulks varying in flowering strength allowed identification of a novel feature, FaP2E11, closely linked to CYTOKININ OXIDASE 1 (CKX1) gene possibly involved in promoting flowering under non-inductive condition. The signal intensities of FaP2E11 feature obtained from the strong DN bulk (DN1) is three fold higher than the short day bulk (SD), indicating that the putative marker may linked to a CKX1 variant allele with lower enzyme activity. We propose a model for flowering regulation based on the hypothesis that flowering strength may be regulated by the copy number of FaP2E11-linked CKX1 alleles. This study demonstrates the feasibility of the SDA-based BSA approach for the identification of molecular markers associated with day-neutrality in strawberry. This innovative strategy is an efficient and cost-effective approach for molecular marker discovery. PMID:27586242

The solvent component of macromolecular crystals

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Weichenberger, Christian X.; Afonine, Pavel V.; Kantardjieff, Katherine

2015-04-30

On average, the mother liquor or solvent and its constituents occupy about 50% of a macromolecular crystal. Ordered as well as disordered solvent components need to be accurately accounted for in modelling and refinement, often with considerable complexity. The mother liquor from which a biomolecular crystal is grown will contain water, buffer molecules, native ligands and cofactors, crystallization precipitants and additives, various metal ions, and often small-molecule ligands or inhibitors. On average, about half the volume of a biomolecular crystal consists of this mother liquor, whose components form the disordered bulk solvent. Its scattering contributions can be exploited in initialmore » phasing and must be included in crystal structure refinement as a bulk-solvent model. Concomitantly, distinct electron density originating from ordered solvent components must be correctly identified and represented as part of the atomic crystal structure model. Herein, are reviewed (i) probabilistic bulk-solvent content estimates, (ii) the use of bulk-solvent density modification in phase improvement, (iii) bulk-solvent models and refinement of bulk-solvent contributions and (iv) modelling and validation of ordered solvent constituents. A brief summary is provided of current tools for bulk-solvent analysis and refinement, as well as of modelling, refinement and analysis of ordered solvent components, including small-molecule ligands.« less

77 FR 47501 - Applications for New Awards; Technical Assistance on State Data Collection, Analysis, and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-08

... Awards; Technical Assistance on State Data Collection, Analysis, and Reporting--National IDEA Technical Assistance Center on Early Childhood Longitudinal Data Systems; Notice #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 77 , No... for New Awards; Technical Assistance on State Data Collection, Analysis, and Reporting--National IDEA...

Combined Molecular Dynamics, Atoms in Molecules, and IR Studies of the Bulk Monofluoroethanol and Bulk Ethanol To Understand the Role of Organic Fluorine in the Hydrogen Bond Network.

PubMed

Biswas, Biswajit; Mondal, Saptarsi; Singh, Prashant Chandra

2017-02-16

The presence of the fluorocarbon group in fluorinated alcohols makes them an important class of molecules that have diverse applications in the field of separation techniques, synthetic chemistry, polymer industry, and biology. In this paper, we have performed the density function theory calculation along with atom in molecule analysis, molecular dynamics simulation, and IR measurements of bulk monofluoroethanol (MFE) and compared them with the data for bulk ethanol (ETH) to understand the effect of the fluorocarbon group in the structure and the hydrogen bond network of bulk MFE. It has been found that the intramolecular O-H···F hydrogen bond is almost absent in bulk MFE. Molecular dynamics simulation and density function theory calculation along with atom in molecule analysis clearly depict that in the case of bulk MFE, a significant amount of intermolecular O-H···F and C-H···F hydrogen bonds are present along with the intermolecular O-H···O hydrogen bond. The presence of intermolecular O-H···F and C-H···F hydrogen bonds causes the difference in the IR spectrum of bulk MFE as compared to bulk ETH. This study clearly depicts that the organic fluorine (fluorocarbon) of MFE acts as a hydrogen bond acceptor and plays a significant role in the structure and hydrogen bond network of bulk MFE through the formation of weak O-H···F as well C-H···F hydrogen bonds, which may be one of the important reasons behind the unique behavior of the fluoroethanols.

Full in-vitro analyses of new-generation bulk fill dental composites cured by halogen light.

PubMed

Tekin, Tuçe Hazal; Kantürk Figen, Aysel; Yılmaz Atalı, Pınar; Coşkuner Filiz, Bilge; Pişkin, Mehmet Burçin

2017-08-01

The objective of this study was to investigate the full in-vitro analyses of new-generation bulk-fill dental composites cured by halogen light (HLG). Two types' four composites were studied: Surefill SDR (SDR) and Xtra Base (XB) as bulk-fill flowable materials; QuixFill (QF) and XtraFill (XF) as packable bulk-fill materials. Samples were prepared for each analysis and test by applying the same procedure, but with different diameters and thicknesses appropriate to the analysis and test requirements. Thermal properties were determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis; the Vickers microhardness (VHN) was measured after 1, 7, 15 and 30days of storage in water. The degree of conversion values for the materials (DC, %) were immediately measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The surface morphology of the composites was investigated by scanning electron microscopes (SEM) and atomic-force microscopy (AFM) analyses. The sorption and solubility measurements were also performed after 1, 7, 15 and 30days of storage in water. In addition to his, the data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, and both the Newman Keuls and Tukey multiple comparison tests. The statistical significance level was established at p<0.05. According to the ISO 4049 standards, all the tested materials showed acceptable water sorption and solubility, and a halogen light source was an option to polymerize bulk-fill, resin-based dental composites. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DIY Solar Market Analysis Webinar Series: Solar Resource and Technical

Science.gov Websites

Series: Solar Resource and Technical Potential DIY Solar Market Analysis Webinar Series: Solar Resource and Technical Potential Wednesday, June 11, 2014 As part of a Do-It-Yourself Solar Market Analysis summer series, NREL's Solar Technical Assistance Team (STAT) presented a live webinar titled, "Solar

Rapid Development: A Content Analysis Comparison of Literature and Purposive Sampling of AFRL Rapid Reaction Projects

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-12-01

systems engineering technical and technical management processes. Technical Planning, Stakeholders Requirements Development, and Architecture Design were...Stakeholder Requirements Definition, Architecture Design and Technical Planning. A purposive sampling of AFRL rapid development program managers and engineers...emphasize one process over another however Architecture Design , Implementation scored higher among Technical Processes. Decision Analysis, Technical

Characterization of cocoa butter and cocoa butter equivalents by bulk and molecular carbon isotope analyses: implications for vegetable fat quantification in chocolate.

PubMed

Spangenberg, J E; Dionisi, F

2001-09-01

The fatty acids from cocoa butters of different origins, varieties, and suppliers and a number of cocoa butter equivalents (Illexao 30-61, Illexao 30-71, Illexao 30-96, Choclin, Coberine, Chocosine-Illipé, Chocosine-Shea, Shokao, Akomax, Akonord, and Ertina) were investigated by bulk stable carbon isotope analysis and compound specific isotope analysis. The interpretation is based on principal component analysis combining the fatty acid concentrations and the bulk and molecular isotopic data. The scatterplot of the two first principal components allowed detection of the addition of vegetable fats to cocoa butters. Enrichment in heavy carbon isotope ((13)C) of the bulk cocoa butter and of the individual fatty acids is related to mixing with other vegetable fats and possibly to thermally or oxidatively induced degradation during processing (e.g., drying and roasting of the cocoa beans or deodorization of the pressed fat) or storage. The feasibility of the analytical approach for authenticity assessment is discussed.

Quantitative analysis of thoria phase in Th-U alloys using diffraction studies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Thakur, Shital; Krishna, P. S. R.; Shinde, A. B.; Kumar, Raj; Roy, S. B.

2017-05-01

In the present study the quantitative phase analysis of Th-U alloys in bulk form namely Th-52 wt% U and Th-3wt%U has been performed over the data obtained from both X ray diffraction and neutron diffraction technique using Rietveld method of FULLPROF software. Quantifying thoria (ThO2) phase present in bulk of the sample is limited due to surface oxidation and low penetration of x rays in high Z material. Neutron diffraction study probing bulk of the samples has been presented in comparison with x-ray diffraction study.

Characterization of Zeolite in Zeolite-Geopolymer Hybrid Bulk Materials Derived from Kaolinitic Clays

PubMed Central

Takeda, Hayami; Hashimoto, Shinobu; Yokoyama, Hiroaki; Honda, Sawao; Iwamoto, Yuji

2013-01-01

Zeolite-geopolymer hybrid materials have been formed when kaolin was used as a starting material. Their characteristics are of interest because they can have a wide pore size distribution with micro- and meso-pores due to the zeolite and geopolymer, respectively. In this study, Zeolite-geopolymer hybrid bulk materials were fabricated using four kinds of kaolinitic clays (a halloysite and three kinds of kaolinite). The kaolinitic clays were first calcined at 700 °C for 3 h to transform into the amorphous aluminosilicate phases. Alkali-activation treatment of the metakaolin yielded bulk materials with different amounts and types of zeolite and different compressive strength. This study investigated the effects of the initial kaolinitic clays on the amount and types of zeolite in the resultant geopolymers as well as the strength of the bulk materials. The kaolinitic clays and their metakaolin were characterized by XRD analysis, chemical composition, crystallite size, 29Si and 27Al MAS NMR analysis, and specific surface area measurements. The correlation between the amount of zeolite formed and the compressive strength of the resultant hybrid bulk materials, previously reported by other researchers was not positively observed. In the studied systems, the effects of Si/Al and crystalline size were observed. When the atomic ratio of Si/Al in the starting kaolinitic clays increased, the compressive strength of the hybrid bulk materials increased. The crystallite size of the zeolite in the hybrid bulk materials increased with decreasing compressive strength of the hybrid bulk materials. PMID:28809241

Restoration with pioneer plants changes soil properties and remodels the diversity and structure of bacterial communities in rhizosphere and bulk soil of copper mine tailings in Jiangxi Province, China.

PubMed

Sun, Xiaoyan; Zhou, Yanling; Tan, Yinjing; Wu, Zhaoxiang; Lu, Ping; Zhang, Guohua; Yu, Faxin

2018-05-25

To unravel the ecological function played by pioneer plants in the practical restoration of mine tailings, it is vital to explore changes of soil characteristics and microbial communities in rhizosphere and bulk soil following the adaptation and survival of plants. In the present study, the diversity and structure of rhizospheric bacterial communities of three pioneer plants in copper mine tailings were investigated by Illumina MiSeq sequencing, and the effects of pioneer plants on soil properties were also evaluated. Significant soil improvement was detected in rhizospheric samples, and Alnus cremastogyne showed higher total organic matter, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus than two other herbaceous plants. Microbial diversity indices in rhizosphere and bulk soil of reclaimed tailings were significantly higher than bare tailings, even the soil properties of bulk soil in reclaimed tailings were not significantly different from those of bare tailings. A detailed taxonomic composition analysis demonstrated that Alphaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, and Gemmatimonadetes showed significantly higher relative abundance in rhizosphere and bulk soil. In contrast, Gammaproteobacteria and Firmicutes were abundant in bare tailings, in which Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Lactococcus made up the majority of the bacterial community (63.04%). Many species within known heavy metal resistance and nutrient regulatory microorganism were identified in reclaimed tailings, and were more abundant among rhizospheric microbes. Hierarchical clustering and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) analysis demonstrated that the bacterial profiles in the rhizosphere clustered strictly together according to plant types, and were distinguishable from bulk soil. However, we also identified a large shared OTUs that occurred repeatedly and was unaffected by highly diverse soil properties in rhizosphere and bulk samples. Redundancy analysis indicated that water content and Cu and As concentrations were the main environmental regulators of microbial composition. These results suggest that the interactive effect of pioneer plants and harsh soil environmental conditions remodel the specific bacterial communities in rhizosphere and bulk soil in mine tailings. And A. cremastogyne might be approximate candidate for phytoremediation of mine tailings for better soil amelioration effect and relative higher diversity of bacterial community in rhizosphere.

Magnetizing technique for permanent magnets by intense static fields generated by HTS bulk magnets: Numerical Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

N. Kawasaki; Oka, T.; Fukui, S.; Ogawa, J.; Sato, T.; Terasawa, T.; Itoh, Y.

A demagnetized Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet was scanned in the strong magnetic field space just above the magnetic pole containing a HTS bulk magnet which generates the magnetic field 3.4 T. The magnet sample was subsequently found to be fully magnetized in the open space of the static magnetic fields. The finite element method was carried out for the static field magnetization of a permanent magnet using a HTS bulk magnet. Previously, our research group experimentally demonstrated the possibility of full magnetization of rare earth permanent magnets with high-performance magnetic properties with use of the static field of HTS bulk magnets. In the present study, however, we succeeded for the first time in visualizing the behavior of the magnetizing field of the bulk magnet during the magnetization process and the shape of the magnetic field inside the body being magnetized. By applying this kind of numerical analysis to the magnetization for planned motor rotors which incorporate rare-earth permanent magnets, we hope to study the fully magnetized regions for the new magnetizing method using bulk magnets and to give motor designing a high degree of freedom.

A Technical Analysis Information Fusion Approach for Stock Price Analysis and Modeling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lahmiri, Salim

In this paper, we address the problem of technical analysis information fusion in improving stock market index-level prediction. We present an approach for analyzing stock market price behavior based on different categories of technical analysis metrics and a multiple predictive system. Each category of technical analysis measures is used to characterize stock market price movements. The presented predictive system is based on an ensemble of neural networks (NN) coupled with particle swarm intelligence for parameter optimization where each single neural network is trained with a specific category of technical analysis measures. The experimental evaluation on three international stock market indices and three individual stocks show that the presented ensemble-based technical indicators fusion system significantly improves forecasting accuracy in comparison with single NN. Also, it outperforms the classical neural network trained with index-level lagged values and NN trained with stationary wavelet transform details and approximation coefficients. As a result, technical information fusion in NN ensemble architecture helps improving prediction accuracy.

Natural Isotope Abundance in Metabolites: Techniques and Kinetic Isotope Effect Measurement in Plant, Animal, and Human Tissues.

PubMed

Tea, Illa; Tcherkez, Guillaume

2017-01-01

The natural isotope abundance in bulk organic matter or tissues is not a sufficient base to investigate physiological properties, biosynthetic mechanisms, and nutrition sources of biological systems. In fact, isotope effects in metabolism lead to a heterogeneous distribution of 2 H, 18 O, 13 C, and 15 N isotopes in metabolites. Therefore, compound-specific isotopic analysis (CSIA) is crucial to biological and medical applications of stable isotopes. Here, we review methods to implement CSIA for 15 N and 13 C from plant, animal, and human samples and discuss technical solutions that have been used for the conversion to CO 2 and N 2 for IRMS analysis, derivatization and isotope effect measurements. It appears that despite the flexibility of instruments used for CSIA, there is no universal method simply because the chemical nature of metabolites of interest varies considerably. Also, CSIA methods are often limited by isotope effects in sample preparation or the addition of atoms from the derivatizing reagents, and this implies that corrections must be made to calculate a proper δ-value. Therefore, CSIA has an enormous potential for biomedical applications, but its utilization requires precautions for its successful application. © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The detection of bulk explosives using nuclear-based techniques

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Morgado, R.E.; Gozani, T.; Seher, C.C.

1988-01-01

In 1986 we presented a rationale for the detection of bulk explosives based on nuclear techniques that addressed the requirements of civil aviation security in the airport environment. Since then, efforts have intensified to implement a system based on thermal neutron activation (TNA), with new work developing in fast neutron and energetic photon reactions. In this paper we will describe these techniques and present new results from laboratory and airport testing. Based on preliminary results, we contended in our earlier paper that nuclear-based techniques did provide sufficiently penetrating probes and distinguishable detectable reaction products to achieve the FAA operational goals;more » new data have supported this contention. The status of nuclear-based techniques for the detection of bulk explosives presently under investigation by the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is reviewed. These include thermal neutron activation (TNA), fast neutron activation (FNA), the associated particle technique, nuclear resonance absorption, and photoneutron activation. The results of comprehensive airport testing of the TNA system performed during 1987-88 are summarized. From a technical point of view, nuclear-based techniques now represent the most comprehensive and feasible approach for meeting the operational criteria of detection, false alarms, and throughput. 9 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.« less

The first whole transcriptomic exploration of pre-oviposited early chicken embryos using single and bulked embryonic RNA-sequencing.

PubMed

Hwang, Young Sun; Seo, Minseok; Choi, Hee Jung; Kim, Sang Kyung; Kim, Heebal; Han, Jae Yong

2018-04-01

The chicken is a valuable model organism, especially in evolutionary and embryology research because its embryonic development occurs in the egg. However, despite its scientific importance, no transcriptome data have been generated for deciphering the early developmental stages of the chicken because of practical and technical constraints in accessing pre-oviposited embryos. Here, we determine the entire transcriptome of pre-oviposited avian embryos, including oocyte, zygote, and intrauterine embryos from Eyal-giladi and Kochav stage I (EGK.I) to EGK.X collected using a noninvasive approach for the first time. We also compare RNA-sequencing data obtained using a bulked embryo sequencing and single embryo/cell sequencing technique. The raw sequencing data were preprocessed with two genome builds, Galgal4 and Galgal5, and the expression of 17,108 and 26,102 genes was quantified in the respective builds. There were some differences between the two techniques, as well as between the two genome builds, and these were affected by the emergence of long intergenic noncoding RNA annotations. The first transcriptome datasets of pre-oviposited early chicken embryos based on bulked and single embryo sequencing techniques will serve as a valuable resource for investigating early avian embryogenesis, for comparative studies among vertebrates, and for novel gene annotation in the chicken genome.

Advanced Respiratory Motion Compensation for Coronary MR Angiography

PubMed Central

Henningsson, Markus; Botnar, Rene M.

2013-01-01

Despite technical advances, respiratory motion remains a major impediment in a substantial amount of patients undergoing coronary magnetic resonance angiography (CMRA). Traditionally, respiratory motion compensation has been performed with a one-dimensional respiratory navigator positioned on the right hemi-diaphragm, using a motion model to estimate and correct for the bulk respiratory motion of the heart. Recent technical advancements has allowed for direct respiratory motion estimation of the heart, with improved motion compensation performance. Some of these new methods, particularly using image-based navigators or respiratory binning, allow for more advanced motion correction which enables CMRA data acquisition throughout most or all of the respiratory cycle, thereby significantly reducing scan time. This review describes the three components typically involved in most motion compensation strategies for CMRA, including respiratory motion estimation, gating and correction, and how these processes can be utilized to perform advanced respiratory motion compensation. PMID:23708271

Phenomenological constraints on the bulk viscosity of QCD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paquet, Jean-François; Shen, Chun; Denicol, Gabriel; Jeon, Sangyong; Gale, Charles

2017-11-01

While small at very high temperature, the bulk viscosity of Quantum Chromodynamics is expected to grow in the confinement region. Although its precise magnitude and temperature-dependence in the cross-over region is not fully understood, recent theoretical and phenomenological studies provided evidence that the bulk viscosity can be sufficiently large to have measurable consequences on the evolution of the quark-gluon plasma. In this work, a Bayesian statistical analysis is used to establish probabilistic constraints on the temperature-dependence of bulk viscosity using hadronic measurements from RHIC and LHC.

Preliminary Reports, Memoranda and Technical Notes of the Materials Research Council Summer Conference, La Jolla, California

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-07-01

are acous- 3 tic images of oxide films grown on samples with and without yttrium respectively, by exposing to moist air at 8500C for several hours...lower cutoff point for the velocity is chosen to designate acceptable product. Carbides are the only fly in the ointment ; they also 98 - 77% raise the...tended x-ray absorption fine structure spectra were measured on these films, as well as on bulk Fe and on an air- exposed film. The energy position of

10 CFR 52.157 - Contents of applications; technical information in final safety analysis report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...; technical information in final safety analysis report. The application must contain a final safety analysis...) Information sufficient to demonstrate compliance with the applicable requirements regarding testing, analysis... 10 Energy 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Contents of applications; technical information in final...

10 CFR 52.157 - Contents of applications; technical information in final safety analysis report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...; technical information in final safety analysis report. The application must contain a final safety analysis...) Information sufficient to demonstrate compliance with the applicable requirements regarding testing, analysis... 10 Energy 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Contents of applications; technical information in final...

10 CFR 52.157 - Contents of applications; technical information in final safety analysis report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...; technical information in final safety analysis report. The application must contain a final safety analysis...) Information sufficient to demonstrate compliance with the applicable requirements regarding testing, analysis... 10 Energy 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Contents of applications; technical information in final...

10 CFR 52.157 - Contents of applications; technical information in final safety analysis report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...; technical information in final safety analysis report. The application must contain a final safety analysis...) Information sufficient to demonstrate compliance with the applicable requirements regarding testing, analysis... 10 Energy 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Contents of applications; technical information in final...

Facilities Management Guide for Asbestos and Lead

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-11-01

equipment such as HEPA filtered power tools, portable welding exhaust systems, and paint removal equipment when work disturbs lead. Do not dry sweep ...sampling and analysis of [______] paint bulk and wipe samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AA) or anodic stripping voltametry (ASV...analysis. e. All bulk (destructive) collected for lead shall be analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AA) or anodic stripping voltametry

The effect of high energy concentration source irradiation on structure and properties of Fe-based bulk metallic glass

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pilarczyk, Wirginia

2016-06-01

Metallic glasses exhibit metastable structure and maintain this relatively stable amorphous state within certain temperature range. High intensity laser beam was used for the surface irradiation of Fe-Co-B-Si-Nb bulk metallic glasses. The variable parameter was laser beam pulse energy. For the analysis of structure and properties of bulk metallic glasses and their surface after laser remelting the X-ray analysis, microscopic observation and test of mechanical properties were carried out. Examination of the nanostructure of amorphous materials obtained by high pressure copper mold casting method and the irradiated with the use of TITAN 80-300 HRTEM was carried out. Nanohardness and reduced Young's modulus of particular amorphous and amorphous-crystalline material zone of the laser beam were examined with the use of Hysitron TI950 Triboindenter nanoindenter and with the use of Berkovich's indenter. The XRD and microscopic analysis showed that the test material is amorphous in its structure before irradiation. Microstructure observation with electron transmission microscopy gave information about alloy crystallization in the irradiated process. Identification of given crystal phases allows to determine the kind of crystal phases created in the first place and also further changes of phase composition of alloy. The main value of the nanohardness of the surface prepared by laser beam has the order of magnitude similar to bulk metallic glasses formed by casting process irrespective of the laser beam energy used. Research results analysis showed that the area between parent material and fusion zone is characterized by extraordinarily interesting structure which is and will be the subject of further analysis in the scope of bulk metallic glasses amorphous structure and high energy concentration source. The main goal of this work is the results' presentation of structure and chosen properties of the selected bulk metallic glasses after casting process and after irradiation process employing the high energy concentration sources.

Use of thermal neutron reflection method for chemical analysis of bulk samples

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Papp, A.; Csikai, J.

2014-09-01

Microscopic, σβ, and macroscopic, Σβ, reflection cross-sections of thermal neutrons averaged over bulk samples as a function of thickness (z) are given. The σβ values are additive even for bulk samples in the z=0.5-8 cm interval and so the σβmol(z) function could be given for hydrogenous substances, including some illicit drugs, explosives and hiding materials of ~1000 cm3 dimensions. The calculated excess counts agree with the measured R(z) values. For the identification of concealed objects and chemical analysis of bulky samples, different neutron methods need to be used simultaneously.

Dynamic analysis of bulk-fill composites: Effect of food-simulating liquids.

PubMed

Eweis, Ahmed Hesham; Yap, Adrian U-Jin; Yahya, Noor Azlin

2017-10-01

This study investigated the effect of food simulating liquids on visco-elastic properties of bulk-fill restoratives using dynamic mechanical analysis. One conventional composite (Filtek Z350 [FZ]), two bulk-fill composites (Filtek Bulk-fill [FB] and Tetric N Ceram [TN]) and a bulk-fill giomer (Beautifil-Bulk Restorative [BB]) were evaluated. Specimens (12 × 2 × 2mm) were fabricated using customized stainless steel molds. The specimens were light-cured, removed from their molds, finished, measured and randomly divided into six groups. The groups (n = 10) were conditioned in the following mediums for 7 days at 37°C: air (control), artificial saliva (SAGF), distilled water, 0.02N citric acid, heptane, 50% ethanol-water solution. Specimens were assessed using dynamic mechanical testing in flexural three-point bending mode and their respective mediums at 37°C and a frequency range of 0.1-10Hz. The distance between the supports were fixed at 10mm and an axial load of 5N was employed. Data for elastic modulus, viscous modulus and loss tangent were subjected to ANOVA/Tukey's tests at significance level p < 0.05. Significant differences in visco-elastic properties were observed between materials and mediums. Apart from bulk-fill giomer, elastic modulus was the highest after conditioning in heptane. No apparent trends were noted for viscous modulus. Generally, loss tangent was the highest after conditioning in ethanol. The effect of food-simulating liquids on the visco-elastic properties of bulk-fill composites was material and medium dependent. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Interferometric 2D Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy Reveals Structural Heterogeneity of Catalytic Monolayers on Transparent Materials.

PubMed

Vanselous, Heather; Stingel, Ashley M; Petersen, Poul B

2017-02-16

Molecular monolayers exhibit structural and dynamical properties that are different from their bulk counterparts due to their interaction with the substrate. Extracting these distinct properties is crucial for a better understanding of processes such as heterogeneous catalysis and interfacial charge transfer. Ultrafast nonlinear spectroscopic techniques such as 2D infrared (2D IR) spectroscopy are powerful tools for understanding molecular dynamics in complex bulk systems. Here, we build on technical advancements in 2D IR and heterodyne-detected sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy to study a CO 2 reduction catalyst on nanostructured TiO 2 with interferometric 2D SFG spectroscopy. Our method combines phase-stable heterodyne detection employing an external local oscillator with a broad-band pump pulse pair to provide the first high spectral and temporal resolution 2D SFG spectra of a transparent material. We determine the overall molecular orientation of the catalyst and find that there is a static structural heterogeneity reflective of different local environments at the surface.

Local shear stress and its correlation with local volume fraction in concentrated non-Brownian suspensions: Lattice Boltzmann simulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Young Ki; Ahn, Kyung Hyun; Lee, Seung Jong

2014-12-01

The local shear stress of non-Brownian suspensions was investigated using the lattice Boltzmann method coupled with the smoothed profile method. Previous studies have only focused on the bulk rheology of complex fluids because the local rheology of complex fluids was not accessible due to technical limitations. In this study, the local shear stress of two-dimensional solid particle suspensions in Couette flow was investigated with the method of planes to correlate non-Newtonian fluid behavior with the structural evolution of concentrated particle suspensions. Shear thickening was successfully captured for highly concentrated suspensions at high particle Reynolds number, and both the local rheology and local structure of the suspensions were analyzed. It was also found that the linear correlation between the local particle stress and local particle volume fraction was dramatically reduced during shear thickening. These results clearly show how the change in local structure of suspensions influences the local and bulk rheology of the suspensions.

28 CFR 69.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Professional and technical services. 69...

22 CFR 138.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Professional and technical services. 138.205...

44 CFR 18.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... and technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or... and analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Professional and technical...

38 CFR 45.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... and technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or... and analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or... technical services. 45.300 Section 45.300 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS...

38 CFR 45.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., “professional and technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional... provide advice and analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the... technical services. 45.205 Section 45.205 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS...

22 CFR 227.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Professional and technical services. 227.205...

22 CFR 519.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Professional and technical services. 519.205...

22 CFR 227.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Professional and technical services. 227.205...

44 CFR 18.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... and technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or... and analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Professional and technical...

22 CFR 138.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Professional and technical services. 138.205...

38 CFR 45.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... and technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or... and analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or... technical services. 45.300 Section 45.300 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS...

49 CFR 20.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 49 Transportation 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Professional and technical services. 20.300...

Hexaferrite multiferroics: from bulk to thick films

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koutzarova, T.; Ghelev, Ch; Peneva, P.; Georgieva, B.; Kolev, S.; Vertruyen, B.; Closset, R.

2018-03-01

We report studies of the structural and microstructural properties of Sr3Co2Fe24O41 in bulk form and as thick films. The precursor powders for the bulk form were prepared following the sol-gel auto-combustion method. The prepared pellets were synthesized at 1200 °C to produce Sr3Co2Fe24O41. The XRD spectra of the bulks showed the characteristic peaks corresponding to the Z-type hexaferrite structure as a main phase and second phases of CoFe2O4 and Sr3Fe2O7-x. The microstructure analysis of the cross-section of the bulk pellets revealed a hexagonal sheet structure. Large areas were observed of packages of hexagonal sheets where the separate hexagonal particles were ordered along the c axis. Sr3Co2Fe24O41 thick films were deposited from a suspension containing the Sr3Co2Fe24O41 powder. The microstructural analysis of the thick films showed that the particles had the perfect hexagonal shape typical for hexaferrites.

Bulk viscosity of water in acoustic modal analysis and experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kůrečka, Jan; Habán, Vladimír; Himr, Daniel

2018-06-01

Bulk viscosity is an important factor in the damping properties of fluid systems and exhibits frequency dependent behaviour. A comparison between modal analysis in ANSYS Acoustics, custom code and experimental data is presented in this paper. The measured system consists of closed ended water-filled steel pipes of different lengths. The influence of a pipe wall, flanges on both ends and longitudinal waves in the structural part were included in measurement evaluation. Therefore, the obtained values of sound speed and bulk viscosity are parameters of the fluid. A numerical simulation was carried out only using fluid volume in a range of bulk viscosity. Damping characteristics in this range were compared to measured values. The results show a significant influence of sound speed and subsequently, the use of sound speed value regressed from experimental data yields a better fit between the measurement and the computation.

45 CFR 1230.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... and technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or... and analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Professional and technical services. 1230.300...

22 CFR 138.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Professional and technical services. 138.300...

45 CFR 93.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly... 45 Public Welfare 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Professional and technical services. 93.205...

15 CFR 28.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Professional and technical services...

32 CFR 28.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... and technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or... and analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or... 32 National Defense 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Professional and technical services. 28.300...

12 CFR 411.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Professional and technical services. 411.205...

20 CFR 438.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of a legal... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Professional and technical services. 438.300...

22 CFR 227.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Professional and technical services. 227.300...

32 CFR 28.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., “professional and technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional... provide advice and analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the... 32 National Defense 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Professional and technical services. 28.205...

43 CFR 18.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Professional and technical services. 18...

28 CFR 69.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Professional and technical services. 69...

45 CFR 1158.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 45 Public Welfare 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Professional and technical services. 1158.205...

10 CFR 601.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Professional and technical services. 601.300 Section 601...

45 CFR 1230.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... section, “professional and technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying... this section unless they provide advice and analysis directly applying their professional or technical... 45 Public Welfare 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Professional and technical services. 1230.205...

41 CFR 105-69.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... section, “professional and technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying... this section unless they provide advice and analysis directly applying their professional or technical... technical services. 105-69.205 Section 105-69.205 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property...

22 CFR 519.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Professional and technical services. 519.300...

22 CFR 311.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of a... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Professional and technical services. 311.205...

34 CFR 82.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and... 34 Education 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Professional and technical services. 82.300 Section 82...

32 CFR 28.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., “professional and technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional... provide advice and analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the... 32 National Defense 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Professional and technical services. 28.205...

41 CFR 105-69.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., “professional and technical services” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional... provide advice and analysis directly applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the... technical services. 105-69.300 Section 105-69.300 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property...

High/variable mixture ratio O2/H2 engine

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Adams, A.; Parsley, R. C.

1988-01-01

Vehicle/engine analysis studies have identified the High/Dual Mixture Ratio O2/H2 Engine cycle as a leading candidate for an advanced Single Stage to Orbit (SSTO) propulsion system. This cycle is designed to allow operation at a higher than normal O/F ratio of 12 during liftoff and then transition to a more optimum O/F ratio of 6 at altitude. While operation at high mixture ratios lowers specific impulse, the resultant high propellant bulk density and high power density combine to minimize the influence of atmospheric drag and low altitude gravitational forces. Transition to a lower mixture ratio at altitude then provides improved specific impulse relative to a single mixture ratio engine that must select a mixture ratio that is balanced for both low and high altitude operation. This combination of increased altitude specific impulse and high propellant bulk density more than offsets the compromised low altitude performance and results in an overall mission benefit. Two areas of technical concern relative to the execution of this dual mixture ratio cycle concept are addressed. First, actions required to transition from high to low mixture ratio are examined, including an assessment of the main chamber environment as the main chamber mixture ratio passes through stoichiometric. Secondly, two approaches to meet a requirement for high turbine power at high mixture ratio condition are examined. One approach uses high turbine temperature to produce the power and requires cooled turbines. The other approach incorporates an oxidizer-rich preburner to increase turbine work capability via increased turbine mass flow.

Study on feasible technical potential of coal to electricity in china

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jia, Dexiang; Tan, Xiandong

2017-01-01

The control of bulk coal is one of the important work of air pollution control in China’s future. Existing research mainly focuses on the adaptability, economy, construction and renovation plan, and operation optimization of specific energy substitution utilization, and lacks the strategy research of long-term layout of energy substitution utilization in large area. This paper puts forward a technical potential prediction method of coal to electricity based on the thermal equivalent method, which is based on the characteristics of regional coal consumption, and combined with the trend of adaptability and economy of energy substitution utilization. Also, the paper calculates the comprehensive benefit of coal to electricity according to the varieties of energy consumption and pollutant emission level of unit energy consumption in China’s future. The research result shows that the development technical potential of coal to electricity in China is huge, about 1.8 trillion kWh, including distributed electric heating, heat pump and electric heating boiler, mainly located in North China, East China, and Northeast China. The implementation of coal to electricity has remarkable comprehensive benefits in energy conservation and emission reduction, and improvement of energy consumption safety level. Case study shows the rationality of the proposed method.

15 CFR 28.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Professional and technical services...

31 CFR 21.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Professional and technical services...

40 CFR 34.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Professional and technical services. 34...

14 CFR 1271.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Professional and technical services. 1271...

12 CFR 411.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a legal... professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and solely in the... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Professional and technical services. 411.300...

22 CFR 712.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Professional and technical services. 712.205...

45 CFR 604.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly... 45 Public Welfare 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Professional and technical services. 604.205...

45 CFR 1158.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a legal... professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly and solely in the... 45 Public Welfare 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Professional and technical services. 1158.300...

40 CFR 34.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... applying their professional or technical expertise and unless the advice or analysis is rendered directly... 40 Protection of Environment 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Professional and technical services. 34...

Meteoritic Sulfur Isotopic Analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thiemens, Mark H.

1996-01-01

Funds were requested to continue our program in meteoritic sulfur isotopic analysis. We have recently detected a potential nucleosynthetic sulfur isotopic anomaly. We will search for potential carriers. The documentation of bulk systematics and the possible relation to nebular chemistry and oxygen isotopes will be explored. Analytical techniques for delta(sup 33), delta(sup 34)S, delta(sup 36)S isotopic analysis were improved. Analysis of sub milligram samples is now possible. A possible relation between sulfur isotopes and oxygen was detected, with similar group systematics noted, particularly in the case of aubrites, ureilites and entstatite chondrites. A possible nucleosynthetic excess S-33 has been noted in bulk ureilites and an oldhamite separate from Norton County. High energy proton (approximately 1 GeV) bombardments of iron foils were done to experimentally determine S-33, S-36 spallogenic yields for quantitation of isotopic measurements in iron meteorites. Techniques for measurement of mineral separates were perfected and an analysis program initiated. The systematic behavior of bulk sulfur isotopes will continue to be explored.

Geospatial Analysis | Energy Analysis | NREL

Science.gov Websites

products and tools. Image of a triangle divided into sections called Market, Economic, Technical, and Featured Study U.S. Renewable Energy Technical Potentials: A GIS-Based Analysis summarizes the achievable energy generation, or technical potential, of specific renewable energy technologies given system

Technical Assistance and Changes in Nutrition and Physical Activity Practices in the National Early Care and Education Learning Collaboratives Project, 2015-2016.

PubMed

Chiappone, Alethea; Smith, Teresa M; Estabrooks, Paul A; Rasmussen, Cristy Geno; Blaser, Casey; Yaroch, Amy L

2018-04-26

The National Early Care and Education Learning Collaboratives Project (ECELC) aims to improve best practices in early care and education (ECE) programs in topic areas of the Nutrition and Physical Activity Self-Assessment in Child Care (NAP SACC). Technical assistance is a component of the ECELC, yet its effect on outcomes is unclear. Beyond dose and duration of technical assistance, limited research exists on characteristics of technical assistance that contribute to outcomes. The objective of this study was to identify and describe technical assistance characteristics and explore associations with NAP SACC outcomes. We collected data from 10 collaboratives comprising 84 ECE programs in 2 states in 2015-2016. The objective of technical assistance was to support programs in improving best practices. Technical assistance was provided to programs via on-site, telephone, or email and was tailored to program needs. We used a mixed-methods design to examine associations between technical assistance and NAP SACC outcomes. We used multiple regression analysis to assess quantitative data and qualitative comparative analysis to determine necessary and sufficient technical assistance conditions supporting NAP SACC outcomes. We also conducted a document review to describe technical assistance that referred conditions identified by the qualitative comparative analysis. Regression analyses detected an inverse relationship between changes in NAP SACC scores and hours of technical assistance. No clear pattern emerged in the qualitative comparative analysis, leaving no necessary and sufficient conditions. However, the qualitative comparative analysis identified feedback as a potentially important component of technical assistance, whereas resource sharing and frequent email were characteristics that seemed to reduce the likelihood of improved outcomes. Email and resource sharing were considered primarily general information rather than tailored technical assistance. Technical assistance may be used in programs and made adaptable to program needs. The inclusion and evaluation of technical assistance, especially tailored approaches, is warranted for environmental interventions, including ECE settings.

Rat animal model for preclinical testing of microparticle urethral bulking agents.

PubMed

Mann-Gow, Travis K; Blaivas, Jerry G; King, Benjamin J; El-Ghannam, Ahmed; Knabe, Christine; Lam, Michael K; Kida, Masatoshi; Sikavi, Cameron S; Plante, Mark K; Krhut, Jan; Zvara, Peter

2015-04-01

To develop an economic, practical and readily available animal model for preclinical testing of urethral bulking therapies, as well as to establish feasible experimental methods that allow for complete analysis of hard microparticle bulking agents. Alumina ceramic beads suspended in hyaluronic acid were injected into the proximal urethra of 15 female rats under an operating microscope. We assessed overall lower urinary tract function, bulking material intraurethral integrity and local host tissue response over time. Microphotographs were taken during injection and again 6 months postoperatively, before urethral harvest. Urinary flow rate and voiding frequency were assessed before and after injection. At 6 months, the urethra was removed and embedded in resin. Hard tissue sections were cut using a sawing microtome, and processed for histological analysis using scanning electron microscopy, light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Microphotographs of the urethra showed complete volume retention of the bulking agent at 6 months. There was no significant difference between average urinary frequency and mean urinary flow rate at 1 and 3 months postinjection as compared with baseline. Scanning electron microscopy proved suitable for evaluation of microparticle size and integrity, as well as local tissue remodeling. Light microscopy and immunohistochemistry allowed for evaluation of an inflammatory host tissue reaction to the bulking agent. The microsurgical injection technique, in vivo physiology and novel hard tissue processing for histology, described in the present study, will allow for future comprehensive preclinical testing of urethral bulking therapy agents containing microparticles made of a hard material. © 2015 The Japanese Urological Association.

Combined IR-Raman vs vibrational sum-frequency heterospectral correlation spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roy, Sandra; Beutier, Clémentine; Hore, Dennis K.

2018-06-01

Vibrational sum-frequency generation spectroscopy is a valuable probe of surface structure, particularly when the same molecules are present in one of the adjacent bulk solid or solution phases. As a result of the non-centrosymmetric requirement of SFG, the signal generated is a marker of the extent to which the molecules are ordered in an arrangement that breaks the up-down symmetry at the surface. In cases where the accompanying changes in the bulk are of interest in understanding and interpreting the surface structure, simultaneous analysis of the bulk IR absorption or bulk Raman scattering is helpful, and may be used in heterospectral surface-bulk two-dimensional correlation. We demonstrate that, in such cases, generating a new type of bulk spectrum that combines the IR and Raman amplitudes is a better candidate than the individual IR and Raman spectra for the purpose of correlation with the SFG signal.

Glass Formation, Chemical Properties and Surface Analysis of Cu-Based Bulk Metallic Glasses

PubMed Central

Qin, Chunling; Zhao, Weimin; Inoue, Akihisa

2011-01-01

This paper reviews the influence of alloying elements Mo, Nb, Ta and Ni on glass formation and corrosion resistance of Cu-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs). In order to obtain basic knowledge for application to the industry, corrosion resistance of the Cu–Hf–Ti–(Mo, Nb, Ta, Ni) and Cu–Zr–Ag–Al–(Nb) bulk glassy alloy systems in various solutions are reported in this work. Moreover, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis is performed to clarify the surface-related chemical characteristics of the alloy before and after immersion in the solutions; this has lead to a better understanding of the correlation between the surface composition and the corrosion resistance. PMID:21731441

Stability analysis of nanoscale surface patterns in stressed solids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kostyrko, Sergey A.; Shuvalov, Gleb M.

2018-05-01

Here, we use the theory of surface elasticity to extend the morphological instability analysis of stressed solids developed in the works of Asaro, Tiller, Grinfeld, Srolovitz and many others. Within the framework of Gurtin-Murdoch model, the surface phase is assumed to be a negligibly thin layer with the elastic properties which differ from those of the bulk material. We consider the mass transport mechanism driven by the variation of surface and bulk energy along undulated surface of stressed solid. The linearized surface evolution equation is derived in the case of plane strain conditions and describes the amplitude change of surface perturbations with time. A parametric analysis of this equation leads to the definition of critical conditions which depend on undulation wavelength, residual surface stress, applied loading, surface and bulk elastic constants and predict the surface morphological stability.

Analysis of the Technical Writing Profession through the DACUM Process.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nolan, Timothy; Green, Marc

To help develop a curriculum program for technical writers, Cincinnati Technical College used the Developing a Curriculum (DACUM) method to produce a technical writing skills profile. DACUM develops an occupation analysis through a modified brainstorming process by a panel of expert workers under the direction of a qualified coordinator. This…

76 FR 43136 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plan; Kentucky; Disapproval of Interstate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-20

... supported by an adequate technical analysis. Second, EPA recommended the various types of information that... technical analysis, including, but not limited to, information concerning emissions in the state...: ``* * * without an adequate technical analysis EPA does not believe that states can sufficiently address the...

76 FR 2853 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Delaware; Infrastructure State...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-18

... technical analysis submitted for parallel-processing by DNREC on December 9, 2010, to address significant... technical analysis submitted by DNREC for parallel-processing on December 9, 2010, to satisfy the... consists of a technical analysis that provides detailed support for Delaware's position that it has...

Properties of some statistics for AR-ARCH model with application to technical analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huang, Xudong; Liu, Wei

2009-03-01

In this paper, we investigate some popular technical analysis indexes for AR-ARCH model as real stock market. Under the given conditions, we show that the corresponding statistics are asymptotically stationary and the law of large numbers hold for frequencies of the stock prices falling out normal scope of these technical analysis indexes under AR-ARCH, and give the rate of convergence in the case of nonstationary initial values, which give a mathematical rationale for these methods of technical analysis in supervising the security trends.

Temperature dependence of the structural relaxation time in equilibrium below the nominal T(g): results from freestanding polymer films.

PubMed

Ngai, K L; Capaccioli, Simone; Paluch, Marian; Prevosto, Daniele

2014-05-22

When the thickness is reduced to nanometer scale, freestanding high molecular weight polymer thin films undergo large reduction of degree of cooperativity and coupling parameter n in the Coupling Model (CM). The finite-size effect together with the surfaces with high mobility make the α-relaxation time of the polymer in nanoconfinement, τ(α)(nano)(T), much shorter than τ(α)(bulk)(T) in the bulk. The consequence is avoidance of vitrification at and below the bulk glass transition temperature, T(g)(bulk), on cooling, and the freestanding polymer thin film remains at thermodynamic equilibrium at temperatures below T(g)(bulk). Molecular dynamics simulations have shown that the specific volume of the freestanding film is the same as the bulk glass-former at equilibrium at the same temperatures. Extreme nanoconfinement renders total or almost total removal of cooperativity of the α-relaxation, and τ(α)(nano)(T) becomes the same or almost the same as the JG β-relaxation time τ(β)(bulk)(T) of the bulk glass-former at equilibrium and at temperatures below T(g)(bulk). Taking advantage of being able to obtain τ(β)(bulk)(T) at equilibrium density below T(g)(bulk) by extreme nanoconfinement of the freestanding films, and using the CM relation between τ(α)(bulk)(T) and τ(β)(bulk)(T), we conclude that the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann-Hesse (VFTH) dependence of τ(α)(bulk)(T) cannot hold for glass-formers in equilibrium at temperatures significantly below T(g)(bulk). In addition, τ(α)(bulk)(T) does not diverge at the Vogel temperature, T₀, as suggested by the VFTH-dependence and predicted by some theories of glass transition. Instead, τ(α)(bulk)(T) of the glass-former at equilibrium has a much weaker temperature dependence than the VFTH-dependence at temperature below T(g)(bulk) and even below T₀. This conclusion from our analysis is consistent with the temperature dependence of τ(α)(bulk)(T) found experimentally in polymers aged long enough time to attain the equilibrium state at various temperatures below T(g)(bulk).

Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Bulk Tank Milk Samples of Caprine Dairy Herds.

PubMed

Gazzonis, Alessia Libera; Zanzani, Sergio Aurelio; Stradiotto, Katia; Olivieri, Emanuela; Villa, Luca; Manfredi, Maria Teresa

2018-06-15

A major public health issue, Toxoplasma gondii infection can affect humans mainly via the consumption of animal products from certain species, including small ruminants. Therefore, a regular monitoring of the infection in ovine and caprine populations is advisable for the control of human and animal toxoplasmosis. Antibody detection in individual and bulk tank milk may represent a valid alternative to serological analysis, being its collection easy and not affecting animal welfare. Many serological tools for milk analysis have already been validated for several parasites, including Apicomplexa. Thus, the aim of the present study was to obtain epidemiological data on T. gondii infection through the detection of antibodies in bulk tank milk of dairy goat herds from an important area for caprine dairy production (Northern Italy). The performance of a commercial ELISA was first evaluated for analysis on caprine milk samples, using a panel of serum-milk pairs of goats naturally infected by T. gondii. The analysis on bulk tank milk confirmed the presence of antibodies anti-T. gondii in 59% of the samples. Toxoplasma gondii antibody positivity was more frequently found in farms reared under extensive (64.9%) or semi-intensive systems (68.7%) in comparison to intensive farms (51.1%). Analysis on milk revealed to be a valid alternative to serological tests, being easily applied in large-scale epidemiological surveys and for continuous monitoring of T. gondii infection.

Technical Communications in Aeronautics: Results of an Exploratory Study. An Analysis of Managers' and Nonmanagers' Responses. NASA Technical Memorandum 101625.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pinelli, Thomas E.; And Others

Data collected from an exploratory study concerned with the technical communications practices of aerospace engineers and scientists were analyzed to test the primary assumption that aerospace managers and nonmanagers have different technical communications practices. Five secondary assumptions were established for the analysis: (1) that the…

Quantification of short- and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins in environmental samples by gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

PubMed

Gao, Wei; Wu, Jing; Wang, Yawei; Jiang, Guibin

2016-06-24

Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are technical products produced and used in bulk for a number of purposes. However, the analysis of CPs is challenging, as they are complex mixtures of compounds and isomers. We herein report the development of an analytical method for the analysis of short-chain CPs (SCCPs) and medium-chain CPs (MCCPs) using quadrupole time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-NCI-qTOF-HRMS). This method employs gas chromatography with a chemical ionization source working in negative mode. The linear relationship between chlorination and the CP total response factors was applied to quantify the CP content and the congener group distribution patterns. In a single injection, 24 SCCP formula groups and 24 MCCP formula groups were quantified. Extraction of accurate masses using qTOF-HRMS allowed the SCCPs and MCCPs to be distinguished, with interference from other chemicals (e.g., PCBs) being largely avoided. The SCCP and MCCP detection limits were 24-81ng/mL and 27-170ng/mL, respectively. Comparison of the obtained results with analytical results from gas chromatography coupled with electron capture negative ionization low-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-ECNI-LRMS) indicate that the developed technique is a more accurate and convenient method for the analysis of CPs in samples from a range of matrices. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Analytical Prediction of Motor Component Vibrations Driven by Acoustic Combustion Instability

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-02-01

27"V 1Sy 1 2 oiihedr41 Symmetry .. .. . ., . . C-28 3 SPCD Bulk Data Card Format ......... . . .. .- 29 4 CYJOIN Bulk Data Card Format...analysis, the loads, the values of enforced displacements, and the temperatures may vary from element to element. The SPCD bulk data card (Figure 3) is...Static loads for vech suhc’: -e are spcified with LOAD, ’TEMPERATURE (LOAD), or DE .-I, oiectic.-,!•. Enforced deformations may be specified on SPCD

Bulk Properties of Ni3Al(gamma') With Cu and Au Additions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bozzolo, Guillermo; Ferrante, John

1995-01-01

The BFS method for alloys is applied to the study of 200 alloys obtained from adding Cu and Au impurities to a Ni3Al matrix. We analyze the trends in the bulk properties of these alloys (heat of formation, lattice parameter, and bulk modulus) and detect specific alloy compositions for which these quantities have particular values. A detailed analysis of the atomic interactions that lead to the preferred ordering patterns is presented.

Teaching audience analysis to the technical student

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Debs, M. B.; Brillhart, L. V.

1981-01-01

Teaching audience analysis, as practiced in a technical writing course for engineering students, is discussed. Audience analysis is described as the task of defining the audience for a particular piece of writing and determining those characteristics of the audience which constrain the writer and effect reception of the message. A mature technical writing style that shows the tension produced when a text is written to be read and understood is considered in terms of audience analysis. Techniques include: (1) conveying to students the concept that a reader with certain expectations exist, (2) team teaching to preserve the context of a given technical discipline, and (3) assigning a technical report that addresses a variety of readers, thus establishing the complexity of audience oriented writing.

78 FR 45869 - Approval and Promulgation of State Implementation Plans; State of Montana; Interstate Transport...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-30

... of Montana's submission because the submission did not include any technical analysis to support its..., EPA disagrees with that concern. Our technical analysis confirmed that emissions from Montana in total... irrelevant factors and lacks any technical analysis to support the State's conclusion with respect to...

76 FR 14835 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plan; Missouri; Proposed Disapproval of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-18

... the state's conclusion should be supported by an adequate technical analysis. EPA recommended the...)(2)(D)(i)(I) must be supported by an adequate technical analysis.\\5\\ EPA recommended the various..., the state did not further evaluate or demonstrate with a technical analysis that these measures...

76 FR 43167 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plan; North Carolina; Disapproval of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-20

... stated that the state's conclusion should be supported by an adequate technical analysis. Second, EPA... revision must be supported by an adequate technical analysis, including, but not limited to, information... disapproval where the Agency states: ``* * * without an adequate technical analysis EPA does not believe that...

76 FR 14831 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plan; Kansas; Proposed Disapproval of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-18

... State's conclusion should be supported by an adequate technical analysis. EPA recommended the various...) must be supported by an adequate technical analysis.\\5\\ EPA recommended the various types of... evaluate or demonstrate with a technical analysis that these measures address the requirements of 110(a)(2...

76 FR 43159 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plan; Georgia; Disapproval of Interstate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-20

... stated that the state's conclusion should be supported by an adequate technical analysis. Second, EPA...'' provisions, the state's SIP revision must be supported by an adequate technical analysis, including, but not..., proposed disapproval where the Agency states: ``* * * without an adequate technical analysis EPA does not...

76 FR 53638 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Delaware; Infrastructure State...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-29

...), DNREC supplemented its September 16, 2009 submittal with a technical analysis submitted to EPA for... supplemental technical analysis, for which it has requested parallel-processing, through the public notice and... submitted the technical analysis to EPA as a formal supplement to its September 16, 2009 submittal. The...

76 FR 43128 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plan; Alabama; Disapproval of Interstate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-20

..., if so, address the impact. The state's conclusion must be supported by an adequate technical analysis...'' provisions, the state's SIP revision must be supported by an adequate technical analysis, including, but not... disapproval where the Agency states: ``* * *without an adequate technical analysis EPA does not believe that...

76 FR 4592 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plan; North Carolina; Disapproval of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-26

... adequate technical analysis. Second, EPA recommended the various types of information that could be... submission, it did not further evaluate or demonstrate with a technical analysis that this measure and their.... Unfortunately, without an adequate technical analysis EPA does not believe that states can sufficiently address...

78 FR 29314 - Approval and Promulgation of State Implementation Plans; State of Utah; Interstate Transport of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-20

...) SIP submissions an adequate technical analysis to support their conclusions regarding interstate... acceptable modeling technical analyses are available, but EPA does not believe that modeling is required if... regional scale technical analysis, and Utah will point to that analysis in order to conclude that there are...

40 CFR 412.31 - Effluent limitations attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... supporting technical analysis and any other relevant information and data that would support such site... event. The technical analysis of the discharge of pollutants must include: (A) All daily inputs to the... the supporting technical analysis, including inspection of the CAFO. (3) The CAFO shall attain the...

40 CFR 412.31 - Effluent limitations attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... supporting technical analysis and any other relevant information and data that would support such site... event. The technical analysis of the discharge of pollutants must include: (A) All daily inputs to the... the supporting technical analysis, including inspection of the CAFO. (3) The CAFO shall attain the...

A circuit model for nonlinear simulation of radio-frequency filters using bulk acoustic wave resonators.

PubMed

Ueda, Masanori; Iwaki, Masafumi; Nishihara, Tokihiro; Satoh, Yoshio; Hashimoto, Ken-ya

2008-04-01

This paper describes a circuit model for the analysis of nonlinearity in the filters based on radiofrequency (RF) bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonators. The nonlinear output is expressed by a current source connected parallel to the linear resonator. Amplitude of the nonlinear current source is programmed proportional to the product of linear currents flowing in the resonator. Thus, the nonlinear analysis is performed by the common linear analysis, even for complex device structures. The analysis is applied to a ladder-type RF BAW filter, and frequency dependence of the nonlinear output is discussed. Furthermore, this analysis is verified through comparison with experiments.

Ferromagnetism and semiconducting of boron nanowires

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

More recently, motivated by extensively technical applications of carbon nanostructures, there is a growing interest in exploring novel non-carbon nanostructures. As the nearest neighbor of carbon in the periodic table, boron has exceptional properties of low volatility and high melting point and is stronger than steel, harder than corundum, and lighter than aluminum. Boron nanostructures thus are expected to have broad applications in various circumstances. In this contribution, we have performed a systematical study of the stability and electronic and magnetic properties of boron nanowires using the spin-polarized density functional calculations. Our calculations have revealed that there are six stable configurations of boron nanowires obtained by growing along different base vectors from the unit cell of the bulk α-rhombohedral boron (α-B) and β-rhombohedral boron (β-B). Well known, the boron bulk is usually metallic without magnetism. However, theoretical results about the magnetic and electronic properties showed that, whether for the α-B-based or the β-B-based nanowires, their magnetism is dependent on the growing direction. When the boron nanowires grow along the base vector [001], they exhibit ferromagnetism and have the magnetic moments of 1.98 and 2.62 μB, respectively, for the α-c [001] and β-c [001] directions. Electronically, when the boron nanowire grows along the α-c [001] direction, it shows semiconducting and has the direct bandgap of 0.19 eV. These results showed that boron nanowires possess the unique direction dependence of the magnetic and semiconducting behaviors, which are distinctly different from that of the bulk boron. Therefore, these theoretical findings would bring boron nanowires to have many promising applications that are novel for the boron bulk. PMID:23244063

Evaluation and Analysis of Cotton Bedding as a Bulking Agent in an Aerobic Food Waste Composting System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chan, A. S. L.

2017-12-01

Food wastage is a prominent issue in Hong Kong that should be addressed. Here at The Independent Schools Foundation Academy, we are continuously looking for ways to improve, including that of food waste. In 2013 the school installed an A900 Rocket Food Composter, in hopes of reducing carbon footprint. Since the installation, the school has tested various elements of the food composter to further improve upon it to make it increasingly more sustainable and effective. These improvements vary from the revamping of the odour control system, increasing the nitrogen content and the installation of an improved grease trap. The school composts the food waste through combining a variety of substances together: coffee, compost, food waste, and a bulking agent - which will be tested in this study. Recently, the school has changed the compost bulking agent from wood shavings and cardboard to cotton bedding - a side product of the production of UK passports. In this study, I will evaluate the effectiveness of cotton bedding as a bulking agent in an aerobic composting system, focusing primarily on three points: a) microbial activity - the identification of cellulose digesting bacteria and the associated kinetics, b) the soil gas composition - the data shall be collected through the use of the Gasmet DX 4015, and c) the chemical analysis of the compost - specifically the amount of aluminum in the compost and whether or not it is significant enough to discredit cotton bedding as an effective bulking agent. The the analysis of cotton bedding using these three specifications will allow ISF Academy to evaluate the overall effectiveness of cotton bedding as a bulking agent.

Bulk C, H, O, and fatty acid C stable isotope analyses for purity assessment of vegetable oils from the southern and northern hemispheres.

PubMed

Spangenberg, Jorge E

2016-09-06

|The carbon, hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope composition (δ 13 C, δ 2 H, and δ 18 O values) of plants and their products is linked to photosynthetic fractionation, environmental factors and agricultural practices. Therefore, they contribute to determining the purity of commercial vegetable oils and may provide information on their geographical origin. Maize, olive, sunflower, groundnut, soybean and rice oils differing in sites of growth in the southern and northern hemispheres were characterized by bulk oil stable isotope ratios (δ 13 C bulk , δ 2 H bulk , and δ 18 O bulk values), fatty acids (FAs) concentrations and δ 13 C FA values using elemental analysis/isotope ratio mass spectrometry, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, gas chromatography/flame ionization detection and gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis was applied to examine the inherent structure of the data. The δ 13 C bulk values of maize oils (-18.4 to -14.9 ‰) are typical for C 4 plants, and those of olive (-30.2 to -28.2 ‰), sunflower (-30.2 to -29.2 ‰), groundnut (-29.3 ‰), soybean (-30.6 ‰), and rice (-34.5 ‰) oils are typical for C 3 plants. The δ 2 H bulk values vary from -161 to -132‰ for maize oils and -171 to -109 ‰ for C 3 oils. The δ 18 O bulk values of all oils vary between 15.2 and 38.9 ‰. The major δ 13 C FA differences (>5 ‰) within plant species render the inter-C 3 -species comparison difficult. These differences are explained in terms of variations in the lipid biosynthetic pathways and blend of vegetable oils of different FA composition and δ 13 C FA values. The samples from the southern hemisphere are generally enriched in 13 C compared with those from the northern hemisphere. Differences between the southern and northern hemispheres were observed in δ 2 H (p < 0.001) and δ 18 O bulk (p = 0.129) values for all C 3 oils, and in δ 13 C 18:1 (p = 0.026) and δ 18 O bulk (p = 0.160) values for maize oils. The results of this study show that combining bulk and molecular stable isotope ratios, fatty acid compositions and their statistical analysis helps the characterization of the geographic origin of oils. This methodology can be used to detect and source impurities in valuable vegetable oils commercialized worldwide. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Technical Assistance and Changes in Nutrition and Physical Activity Practices in the National Early Care and Education Learning Collaboratives Project, 2015–2016

PubMed Central

Smith, Teresa M.; Estabrooks, Paul A.; Rasmussen, Cristy Geno; Blaser, Casey; Yaroch, Amy L

2018-01-01

Purpose and Objectives The National Early Care and Education Learning Collaboratives Project (ECELC) aims to improve best practices in early care and education (ECE) programs in topic areas of the Nutrition and Physical Activity Self-Assessment in Child Care (NAP SACC). Technical assistance is a component of the ECELC, yet its effect on outcomes is unclear. Beyond dose and duration of technical assistance, limited research exists on characteristics of technical assistance that contribute to outcomes. The objective of this study was to identify and describe technical assistance characteristics and explore associations with NAP SACC outcomes. Intervention Approach We collected data from 10 collaboratives comprising 84 ECE programs in 2 states in 2015–2016. The objective of technical assistance was to support programs in improving best practices. Technical assistance was provided to programs via on-site, telephone, or email and was tailored to program needs. Evaluation Methods We used a mixed-methods design to examine associations between technical assistance and NAP SACC outcomes. We used multiple regression analysis to assess quantitative data and qualitative comparative analysis to determine necessary and sufficient technical assistance conditions supporting NAP SACC outcomes. We also conducted a document review to describe technical assistance that referred conditions identified by the qualitative comparative analysis. Results Regression analyses detected an inverse relationship between changes in NAP SACC scores and hours of technical assistance. No clear pattern emerged in the qualitative comparative analysis, leaving no necessary and sufficient conditions. However, the qualitative comparative analysis identified feedback as a potentially important component of technical assistance, whereas resource sharing and frequent email were characteristics that seemed to reduce the likelihood of improved outcomes. Email and resource sharing were considered primarily general information rather than tailored technical assistance. Implications for Public Health Technical assistance may be used in programs and made adaptable to program needs. The inclusion and evaluation of technical assistance, especially tailored approaches, is warranted for environmental interventions, including ECE settings. PMID:29704371

Composting of cow dung and crop residues using termite mounds as bulking agent.

PubMed

Karak, Tanmoy; Sonar, Indira; Paul, Ranjit K; Das, Sampa; Boruah, R K; Dutta, Amrit K; Das, Dilip K

2014-10-01

The present study reports the suitability of termite mounds as a bulking agent for composting with crop residues and cow dung in pit method. Use of 50 kg termite mound with the crop residues (stover of ground nut: 361.65 kg; soybean: 354.59 kg; potato: 357.67 kg and mustard: 373.19 kg) and cow dung (84.90 kg) formed a good quality compost within 70 days of composting having nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as 20.19, 3.78 and 32.77 g kg(-1) respectively with a bulk density of 0.85 g cm(-3). Other physico-chemical and germination parameters of the compost were within Indian standard, which had been confirmed by the application of multivariate analysis of variance and multivariate contrast analysis. Principal component analysis was applied in order to gain insight into the characteristic variables. Four composting treatments formed two different groups when hierarchical cluster analysis was applied. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Visualising elastic anisotropy: theoretical background and computational implementation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nordmann, J.; Aßmus, M.; Altenbach, H.

2018-02-01

In this article, we present the technical realisation for visualisations of characteristic parameters of the fourth-order elasticity tensor, which is classified by three-dimensional symmetry groups. Hereby, expressions for spatial representations of uc(Young)'s modulus and bulk modulus as well as plane representations of shear modulus and uc(Poisson)'s ratio are derived and transferred into a comprehensible form to computer algebra systems. Additionally, we present approaches for spatial representations of both latter parameters. These three- and two-dimensional representations are implemented into the software MATrix LABoratory. Exemplary representations of characteristic materials complete the present treatise.

Concrete decontamination by Electro-Hydraulic Scabbling (EHS)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1994-11-01

EHS is being developed for decontaminating concrete structures from radionuclides, organic substances, and hazardous metals. EHS involves the generation of powerful shock waves and intense cavitation by a strong pulsed electric discharge in a water layer at the concrete surface; high impulse pressure results in stresses which crack and peel off a concrete layer of controllable thickness. Scabbling produces contaminated debris of relatively small volume which can be easily removed, leaving clean bulk concrete. Objective of Phase I was to prove the technical feasibility of EH for controlled scabbling and decontamination of concrete. Phase I is complete.

The ASACUSA Micromegas Tracker: A cylindrical, bulk Micromegas detector for antimatter research.

PubMed

Radics, B; Nagata, Y; Yamazaki, Y; Ishikawa, S; Kuroda, N; Matsuda, Y; Anfreville, M; Aune, S; Boyer, M; Chateau, F; Combet, M; Granelli, R; Legou, P; Mandjavidze, I; Procureur, S; Riallot, M; Vallage, B; Vandenbroucke, M

2015-08-01

The ASACUSA Micromegas Tracker (AMT; ASACUSA: Atomic Spectroscopy and Collisions Using Slow Antiprotons) was designed to be able to reconstruct antiproton-nucleon annihilation vertices in three dimensions. The goal of this device is to study antihydrogen formation processes in the ASACUSA cusp trap, which was designed to synthesise a spin-polarised antihydrogen beam for precise tests of Charge, Parity, and Time (CPT) symmetry invariance. This paper discusses the structure and technical details of an AMT detector built into such an environment, its data acquisition system and the first performance with cosmic rays.

The ASACUSA Micromegas Tracker: A cylindrical, bulk Micromegas detector for antimatter research

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Radics, B., E-mail: balint.radics@riken.jp; Nagata, Y.; Yamazaki, Y.

2015-08-15

The ASACUSA Micromegas Tracker (AMT; ASACUSA: Atomic Spectroscopy and Collisions Using Slow Antiprotons) was designed to be able to reconstruct antiproton-nucleon annihilation vertices in three dimensions. The goal of this device is to study antihydrogen formation processes in the ASACUSA cusp trap, which was designed to synthesise a spin-polarised antihydrogen beam for precise tests of Charge, Parity, and Time (CPT) symmetry invariance. This paper discusses the structure and technical details of an AMT detector built into such an environment, its data acquisition system and the first performance with cosmic rays.

Technical highlights in general aviation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stickle, J. W.

1977-01-01

Improvements in performance, safety, efficiency, and emissions control in general aviation craft are reviewed. While change is slow, the U.S. industries still account for the bulk (90%) of the world's general aviation fleet. Advances in general aviation aerodynamics, structures and materials, acoustics, avionics, and propulsion are described. Supercritical airfoils, drag reduction design, stall/spin studies, crashworthiness and passenger safety, fiberglass materials, flight noise abatement, interior noise and vibration reduction, navigation systems, quieter and cleaner (reciprocating, turboprop, turbofan) engines, and possible benefits of the Global Position Satellite System to general aviation navigation are covered in the discussion. Some of the developments are illustrated.

Cell wall elasticity: I. A critique of the bulk elastic modulus approach and an analysis using polymer elastic principles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wu, H. I.; Spence, R. D.; Sharpe, P. J.; Goeschl, J. D.

1985-01-01

The traditional bulk elastic modulus approach to plant cell pressure-volume relations is inconsistent with its definition. The relationship between the bulk modulus and Young's modulus that forms the basis of their usual application to cell pressure-volume properties is demonstrated to be physically meaningless. The bulk modulus describes stress/strain relations of solid, homogeneous bodies undergoing small deformations, whereas the plant cell is best described as a thin-shelled, fluid-filled structure with a polymer base. Because cell walls possess a polymer structure, an alternative method of mechanical analysis is presented using polymer elasticity principles. This initial study presents the groundwork of polymer mechanics as would be applied to cell walls and discusses how the matrix and microfibrillar network induce nonlinear stress/strain relationships in the cell wall in response to turgor pressure. In subsequent studies, these concepts will be expanded to include anisotropic expansion as regulated by the microfibrillar network.

Mechanical relaxation in a Zr-based bulk metallic glass: Analysis based on physical models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qiao, J. C.; Pelletier, J. M.

2012-08-01

The mechanical relaxation behavior in a Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10 bulk metallic glass is investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis in both temperature and frequency domains. Master curves can be obtained for the storage modulus G' and for the loss modulus G'', confirming the validity of the time-temperature superposition principle. Different models are discussed to describe the main (α) relaxation, e.g., Debye model, Havriliak-Negami (HN) model, Kohlrausch-Williams-Watt (KWW) model, and quasi-point defects (QPDs) model. The main relaxation in bulk metallic glass cannot be described using a single relaxation time. The HN model, the KWW model, and the QPD theory can be used to fit the data of mechanical spectroscopy experiments. However, unlike the HN model and the KWW model, some physical parameters are introduced in QPD model, i.e., atomic mobility and correlation factor, giving, therefore, a new physical approach to understand the mechanical relaxation in bulk metallic glasses.

Methodologies for Reservoir Characterization Using Fluid Inclusion Gas Chemistry

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dilley, Lorie M.

2015-04-13

The purpose of this project was to: 1) evaluate the relationship between geothermal fluid processes and the compositions of the fluid inclusion gases trapped in the reservoir rocks; and 2) develop methodologies for interpreting fluid inclusion gas data in terms of the chemical, thermal and hydrological properties of geothermal reservoirs. Phase 1 of this project was designed to conduct the following: 1) model the effects of boiling, condensation, conductive cooling and mixing on selected gaseous species; using fluid compositions obtained from geothermal wells, 2) evaluate, using quantitative analyses provided by New Mexico Tech (NMT), how these processes are recorded bymore » fluid inclusions trapped in individual crystals; and 3) determine if the results obtained on individual crystals can be applied to the bulk fluid inclusion analyses determined by Fluid Inclusion Technology (FIT). Our initial studies however, suggested that numerical modeling of the data would be premature. We observed that the gas compositions, determined on bulk and individual samples were not the same as those discharged by the geothermal wells. Gases discharged from geothermal wells are CO 2-rich and contain low concentrations of light gases (i.e. H 2, He, N, Ar, CH4). In contrast many of our samples displayed enrichments in these light gases. Efforts were initiated to evaluate the reasons for the observed gas distributions. As a first step, we examined the potential importance of different reservoir processes using a variety of commonly employed gas ratios (e.g. Giggenbach plots). The second technical target was the development of interpretational methodologies. We have develop methodologies for the interpretation of fluid inclusion gas data, based on the results of Phase 1, geologic interpretation of fluid inclusion data, and integration of the data. These methodologies can be used in conjunction with the relevant geological and hydrological information on the system to create fluid models for the system. The hope is that the methodologies developed will allow bulk fluid inclusion gas analysis to be a useful tool for estimating relative temperatures, identifying the sources and origins of the geothermal fluids, and developing conceptual models that can be used to help target areas of enhanced permeability.« less

Application of nanotechnology in miniaturized systems and its use for advanced analytics and diagnostics - an updated review.

PubMed

Sandetskaya, Natalia; Allelein, Susann; Kuhlmeier, Dirk

2013-12-01

A combination of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems and nanoscale structures allows for the creation of novel miniaturized devices, which broaden the boundaries of the diagnostic approaches. Some materials possess unique properties at the nanolevel, which are different from those in bulk materials. In the last few years these properties became a focus of interest for many researchers, as well as methods of production, design and operation of the nanoobjects. Intensive research and development work resulted in numerous inventions exploiting nanotechnology in miniaturized systems. Modern technical and laboratory equipment allows for the precise control of such devices, making them suitable for sensitive and accurate detection of the analytes. The current review highlights recent patents in the field of nanotechnology in microdevices, applicable for medical, environmental or food analysis. The paper covers the structural and functional basis of such systems and describes specific embodiments in three principal branches: application of nanoparticles, nanofluidics, and nanosensors in the miniaturized systems for advanced analytics and diagnostics. This overview is an update of an earlier review article.

TECHNICAL NOTE: Direct finite-element analysis of the frequency response of a Y-Z lithium niobate SAW filter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Guanshui

2000-12-01

A direct finite-element model is developed for the full-scale analysis of the electromechanical phenomena involved in surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices. The equations of wave propagation in piezoelectric materials are discretized using the Galerkin method, in which an implicit algorithm of the Newmark family with unconditional stability is implemented. The Rayleigh damping coefficients are included in the elements near the boundary to reduce the influence of the reflection of waves. The performance of the model is demonstrated by the analysis of the frequency response of a Y-Z lithium niobate filter with two uniform ports, with emphasis on the influence of the number of electrodes. The frequency response of the filter is obtained through the Fourier transform of the impulse response, which is solved directly from the finite-element simulation. It shows that the finite-element results are in good agreement with the characteristic frequency response of the filter predicted by the simple phase-matching argument. The ability of the method to evaluate the influence of the bulk waves at the high-frequency end of the filter passband and the influence of the number of electrodes on insertion loss is noteworthy. We conclude that the direct finite-element analysis of SAW devices can be used as an effective tool for the design of high-performance SAW devices. Some practical computational challenges of finite-element modeling of SAW devices are discussed.

Guideline on Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gaffney, Amy

Isotope dilution mass spectrometry is used to determine the concentration of an element of interest in a bulk sample. It is a destructive analysis technique that is applicable to a wide range of analytes and bulk sample types. With this method, a known amount of a rare isotope, or ‘spike’, of the element of interest is added to a known amount of sample. The element of interest is chemically purified from the bulk sample, the isotope ratio of the spiked sample is measured by mass spectrometry, and the concentration of the element of interest is calculated from this result. Thismore » method is widely used, although a mass spectrometer required for this analysis may be fairly expensive.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Martino, C

The Department of Energy (DOE) recognizes the need for the characterization of High-Level Waste (HLW) saltcake in the Savannah River Site (SRS) F- and H-area tank farms to support upcoming salt processing activities. As part of the enhanced characterization efforts, Tank 25F will be sampled and the samples analyzed at the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL). This Task Technical and Quality Assurance Plan documents the planned activities for the physical, chemical, and radiological analysis of the Tank 25F saltcake core samples. This plan does not cover other characterization activities that do not involve core sample analysis and it does notmore » address issues regarding sampling or sample transportation. The objectives of this report are: (1) Provide information useful in projecting the composition of dissolved salt batches by quantifying important components (such as actinides, {sup 137}Cs, and {sup 90}Sr) on a per batch basis. This will assist in process selection for the treatment of salt batches and provide data for the validation of dissolution modeling. (2) Determine the properties of the heel resulting from dissolution of the bulk saltcake. Also note tendencies toward post-mixing precipitation. (3) Provide a basis for determining the number of samples needed for the characterization of future saltcake tanks. Gather information useful towards performing characterization in a manner that is more cost and time effective.« less

Renewable Electricity Futures Study. Volume 4: Bulk Electric Power Systems. Operations and Transmission Planning

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Milligan, Michael; Ela, Erik; Hein, Jeff

2012-06-15

The Renewable Electricity Futures (RE Futures) Study investigated the challenges and impacts of achieving very high renewable electricity generation levels in the contiguous United States by 2050. The analysis focused on the sufficiency of the geographically diverse U.S. renewable resources to meet electricity demand over future decades, the hourly operational characteristics of the U.S. grid with high levels of variable wind and solar generation, and the potential implications of deploying high levels of renewables in the future. RE Futures focused on technical aspects of high penetration of renewable electricity; it did not focus on how to achieve such a futuremore » through policy or other measures. Given the inherent uncertainties involved with analyzing alternative long-term energy futures as well as the multiple pathways that might be taken to achieve higher levels of renewable electricity supply, RE Futures explored a range of scenarios to investigate and compare the impacts of renewable electricity penetration levels (30%–90%), future technology performance improvements, potential constraints to renewable electricity development, and future electricity demand growth assumptions. RE Futures was led by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Learn more at the RE Futures website. http://www.nrel.gov/analysis/re_futures/« less

Collapse and pull - down analysis of high voltage electricity transmission towers subjected to cyclonic wind

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ahmed, Ammar; Arthur, Craig; Edwards, Mark

2010-06-01

Bulk electricity transmission lines are linear assets that can be very exposed to wind effects, particularly where they traverse steep topography or open coastal terrain in cyclonic regions. Interconnected nature of the lattice type towers and conductors also, present complex vulnerabilities. These relate to the direction of wind attack to the conductors and the cascading failure mechanisms in which the failure of a single tower has cascading effects on neighbouring towers. Such behaviour is exacerbated by the finely tuned nature of tower design which serves to minimize cost and reserve strength at design wind speeds. There is a clear need to better quantify the interdependent vulnerabilities of these critical infrastructure assets in the context of the severe wind hazard. This paper presents a novel methodology developed for the Critical Infrastructure Protection Modelling and Analysis (CIPMA) capability for assessing local wind speeds and the likelihood of tower failure for a range of transmission tower and conductor types. CIPMA is a program managed by the Federal Attorney-General's Department and Geoscience Australia is leading the technical development. The methodology then involves the development of heuristically derived vulnerability models that are consistent with Australian industry experience and full-scale static tower testing results, considering isolated tower loss along with three interdependent failure mechanisms to give overall likelihoods of failure.

76 FR 4579 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plan; New Jersey and New York...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-26

... supported by an adequate technical analysis. EPA recommended the various types of information that could be...) must be supported by an adequate technical analysis. In the 2009 Guidance, EPA recommended the various...) because the State did not evaluate or demonstrate with a technical analysis that the emissions reduction...

76 FR 4584 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Georgia; Disapproval of Interstate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-26

... conclusion must be supported by an adequate technical analysis. Second, EPA recommended the various types of... requirement of section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) must be supported by an adequate technical analysis. Additionally... evaluate or demonstrate with a technical analysis that this measure and their intention to rely to the...

Technical Guidance for Assessing Environmental Justice in Regulatory Analysis

EPA Science Inventory

The Technical Guidance for Assessing Environmental Justice in Regulatory Analysis (also referred to as the Environmental Justice Technical Guidance or EJTG) is intended for use by Agency analysts, including risk assessors, economists, and other analytic staff that conduct analyse...

Megan Day | NREL

Science.gov Websites

research, analysis, and technical assistance on municipal energy planning and policy, utility-scale Baseline Analysis of Municipal Codification across the U.S., NREL Technical Report (2016) Navajo Generating Station & Federal Resource Planning - Volume 1: Sectoral, Technical, and Economic Trends, NREL

Finite element analysis and simulation of rheological properties of bulk molding compound (BMC)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ergin, M. Fatih; Aydin, Ismail

2013-12-01

Bulk molding compound (BMC) is one of the important composite materials with various engineering applications. BMC is a thermoset plastic resin blend of various inert fillers, fiber reinforcements, catalysts, stabilizers and pigments that form a viscous, molding compound. Depending on the end-use application, bulk molding compounds are formulated to achieve close dimensional control, flame and scratch resistance, electrical insulation, corrosion and stain resistance, superior mechanical properties, low shrink and color stability. Its excellent flow characteristics, dielectric properties, and flame resistance make this thermoset material well-suited to a wide variety of applications requiring precision in detail and dimensions as well as high performance. When a BMC is used for these purposes, the rheological behavior and properties of the BMC is the main concern. In this paper, finite element analysis of rheological properties of bulk molding composite material was studied. For this purpose, standard samples of composite material were obtained by means of uniaxial hot pressing. 3 point flexural tests were then carried out by using a universal testing machine. Finite element analyses were then performed with defined material properties within a specific constitutive material behavior. Experimental and numerical results were then compared. Good correlation between the numerical simulation and the experimental results was obtained. It was expected with this study that effects of various process parameters and boundary conditions on the rheological behavior of bulk molding compounds could be determined by means of numerical analysis without detailed experimental work.

Modeling technical change in climate analysis: evidence from agricultural crop damages.

PubMed

Ahmed, Adeel; Devadason, Evelyn S; Al-Amin, Abul Quasem

2017-05-01

This study accounts for the Hicks neutral technical change in a calibrated model of climate analysis, to identify the optimum level of technical change for addressing climate changes. It demonstrates the reduction to crop damages, the costs to technical change, and the net gains for the adoption of technical change for a climate-sensitive Pakistan economy. The calibrated model assesses the net gains of technical change for the overall economy and at the agriculture-specific level. The study finds that the gains of technical change are overwhelmingly higher than the costs across the agriculture subsectors. The gains and costs following technical change differ substantially for different crops. More importantly, the study finds a cost-effective optimal level of technical change that potentially reduces crop damages to a minimum possible level. The study therefore contends that the climate policy for Pakistan should consider the role of technical change in addressing climate impacts on the agriculture sector.

Novel Insight for Organic Matter Sourcing: Interest of Time Resolved Fluorescence to Qualify and Quantify PAH Content of Solid Matrix at High Resolution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Quiers, M.; Perrette, Y.; Jacq, K.; Pousset, E.; Plassart, G.

2017-12-01

OM fluorescence is today a well-developed tool used to characterize and quantify organic matter (OM), but also to evaluate and discriminate OM fate and changes related to climate and environmental modifications. While fluorescence measurements on water and soils extracts provide information about organic fluxes today, solid phase fluorescence using natural archives allows to obtain high resolution records of OM evolution during time. These evolutions can be discussed in regards of climate and environmental perturbations detected in archives using different proxies, and thus provide keys for understanding factors driving carbon fluxes mechanisms. Among fluorescent organic species, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) have been used as probe molecules for organic contamination tracking. Moreover, monitoring studies have shown that PAH could also be used as markers to discriminates atmospheric and erosion factors leading to PAH and organic matter fluxes to the aquifer. PAH records in soils and natural archives appear as a promising proxy to follow both past atmospheric contamination and soil erosion. But, PAH fluorescence is difficult to discriminate from bulk OM fluorescence using steady-state fluorescence (SSF) technics as their fluorescence domains recover. Time resolved emission spectroscopy (TRES) increases the information provided by SSF technic, adding a time dimension to measurements and allowing to discriminate PAH fluorescence. We report here a first application of this technic on natural archives. The challenge is to obtain TRES signature along the sample, including for low PAH concentrations. This study aims to evaluate the reliability of high resolution TRES measurement as PAH carbon fluxes sources. Method is based on LIF instrument for solid phase fluorescence measurement. An instrument coupling an excitation system constituting by 2 pulsed lasers (266 and 355 nm) and a detection system was developed. This measurement provides high resolution record of PAH fluorescence. Preliminary results on stalagmite samples, lake sediments and soils will be reported. PAH content variations along the sample were compared with PAH concentration and with bulk OM content deduced from SSF records. The accuracy of the PAH fluorescence as source marker of fluxes will be discussed for each type of sample.

Bulk chemical compositions of Antarctic meteorites in the NIPR collection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kimura, M.; Imae, N.; Yamaguchi, A.; Haramura, H.; Kojima, H.

2018-03-01

Bulk chemical compositions of meteorites were traditionally analyzed by wet chemical analysis, and NIPR has data for 1162 meteorites as of September 2017. We discuss the classification of meteorites on the basis of these data. Chondrite data are distributed in an anomalously wide range of compositions on the Urey-Craig diagram. One of the reasons for such wide distribution is terrestrial weathering producing Fe2O3-bearing phases from Fe-Ni metal and sulfides. Another important factor affecting the bulk compositional data is brecciation. Our observations indicate that many brecciated chondrites contain anomalously abundant opaque minerals, or are depleted in them, resulting in unusual compositions. In case of enstatite and some carbonaceous chondrites, the bulk compositions are distributed in wider ranges than reported before. The bulk compositions of HED meteorites are consistent with their mineralogy and classification. Our study suggests that wet chemical data are still significant for the meteorite classification. However, petrographic observation is indispensable for evaluating the bulk chemistry and classification of meteorites.

SEARCHING FOR BULK MOTIONS IN THE INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM OF MASSIVE, MERGING CLUSTERS WITH CHANDRA CCD DATA

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu, Ang; Yu, Heng; Tozzi, Paolo

2016-04-10

We search for bulk motions in the intracluster medium (ICM) of massive clusters showing evidence of an ongoing or recent major merger with spatially resolved spectroscopy in Chandra CCD data. We identify a sample of six merging clusters with >150 ks Chandra exposure in the redshift range 0.1 < z < 0.3. By performing X-ray spectral analysis of projected ICM regions selected according to their surface brightness, we obtain the projected redshift maps for all of these clusters. After performing a robust analysis of the statistical and systematic uncertainties in the measured X-ray redshift z{sub X}, we check whether or not themore » global z{sub X} distribution differs from that expected when the ICM is at rest. We find evidence of significant bulk motions at more than 3σ in A2142 and A115, and less than 2σ in A2034 and A520. Focusing on single regions, we identify significant localized velocity differences in all of the merger clusters. We also perform the same analysis on two relaxed clusters with no signatures of recent mergers, finding no signs of bulk motions, as expected. Our results indicate that deep Chandra CCD data enable us to identify the presence of bulk motions at the level of v{sub BM} > 1000 km s{sup −1} in the ICM of massive merging clusters at 0.1 < z < 0.3. Although the CCD spectral resolution is not sufficient for a detailed analysis of the ICM dynamics, Chandra CCD data constitute a key diagnostic tool complementing X-ray bolometers on board future X-ray missions.« less

Characterization of Inorganic Filler Content, Mechanical Properties, and Light Transmission of Bulk-fill Resin Composites.

PubMed

Fronza, B M; Ayres, Apa; Pacheco, R R; Rueggeberg, F A; Dias, Cts; Giannini, M

The aims of this study were to characterize inorganic content (IC), light transmission (LT), biaxial flexural strength (BFS), and flexural modulus (FM) of one conventional (layered) and four bulk-fill composites at different depths. Bulk-fill composites tested were Surefil SDR flow (SDR), Filtek Bulk Fill (FBF), Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill (TEC), and EverX Posterior (EXP). Herculite Classic (HER) was used as a control. Energy dispersive x-ray analysis and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize filler particle composition and morphology. The LT through different composite thicknesses (1, 2, 3, and 4 mm) was measured using a laboratory-grade spectral radiometer system (n=5). For the BFS and FM tests, sets of eight stacked composite discs (0.5-mm thick) were prepared simulating bulk filling of a 4-mm-thick increment (n=8). SDR demonstrated larger, irregular particles than those observed in TEC or HER. Filler particles in FBF were spherical, while those in EXP were composed of fiberglass strands. The LT decreased with increased composite thickness for all materials. Bulk-fill composites allowed higher LT than the HER. Furthermore, HER proved to be the unique material, having lower BFS values at deeper regions. SDR, FBF, and TEC bulk-fill composites presented reduced FM with increasing composite depth. The bulk-fill composites investigated exhibited higher LT, independent of different filler content and characteristics. Although an increase in composite thickness reduced LT, the BFS of bulk-fill composites at deeper layers was not compromised.

Liver CT image processing: a short introduction of the technical elements.

PubMed

Masutani, Y; Uozumi, K; Akahane, Masaaki; Ohtomo, Kuni

2006-05-01

In this paper, we describe the technical aspects of image analysis for liver diagnosis and treatment, including the state-of-the-art of liver image analysis and its applications. After discussion on modalities for liver image analysis, various technical elements for liver image analysis such as registration, segmentation, modeling, and computer-assisted detection are covered with examples performed with clinical data sets. Perspective in the imaging technologies is also reviewed and discussed.

Effect of annealing ambience on the formation of surface/bulk oxygen vacancies in TiO2 for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hou, Lili; Zhang, Min; Guan, Zhongjie; Li, Qiuye; Yang, Jianjun

2018-01-01

The surface and bulk oxygen vacancy have a prominent effect on the photocatalytic performance of TiO2. In this study, TiO2 possessing different types and concentration of oxygen vacancies were prepared by annealing nanotube titanic acid (NTA) at various temperatures in air or vacuum atmosphere. TiO2 with the unitary bulk single-electron-trapped oxygen vacancies (SETOVs) formed when NTA were calcined in air. Whereas, TiO2 with both bulk and surface oxygen vacancies were obtained when NTA were annealed in vacuum. The series of TiO2 with different oxygen vacancies were systematically characterized by TEM, XRD, PL, XPS, ESR, and TGA. The PL and ESR analysis verified that surface oxygen vacancies and more bulk oxygen vacancies could form in vacuum atmosphere. Surface oxygen vacancies can trap electron and hinder the recombination of photo-generated charges, while bulk SETOVs act as the recombination center. The surface or bulk oxygen vacancies attributed different roles on the photo-absorbance and activity, leading that the sample of NTA-A400 displayed higher hydrogen evolution rate under UV light, whereas NTA-V400 displayed higher hydrogen evolution rate under visible light because bulk SETOVs can improve visible light absorption because sub-band formed by bulk SETOVs prompted the secondary transition of electron excited.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Green, D.W.; Heinrich, R.R.; Jensen, K.J.

Technical and administrative activities of the Analytical Chemistry Laboratory (ACL) are reported for fiscal year 1984. The ACL is a full-cost-recovery service center, with the primary mission of providing a broad range of technical support services to the scientific and engineering programs at ANL. In addition, ACL conducts a research program in analytical chemistry, works on instrumental and methods development, and provides analytical services for governmental, educational, and industrial organizations. The ACL is administratively within the Chemical Technology Division, the principal user, but provides technical support for all of the technical divisions and programs at ANL. The ACL has threemore » technical groups - Chemical Analysis, Instrumental Analysis, and Organic Analysis. Under technical activities 26 projects are briefly described. Under professional activities, a list is presented for publications and reports, oral presentations, awards and meetings attended. 6 figs., 2 tabs.« less

Microengineered Conductive Elastomeric Electrodes for Long-Term Electrophysiological Measurements with Consistent Impedance under Stretch

PubMed Central

Hu, Dinglong; Cheng, Tin Kei; Xie, Kai; Lam, Raymond H. W.

2015-01-01

In this research, we develop a micro-engineered conductive elastomeric electrode for measurements of human bio-potentials with the absence of conductive pastes. Mixing the biocompatible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) silicone with other biocompatible conductive nano-particles further provides the material with an electrical conductivity. We apply micro-replica mold casting for the micro-structures, which are arrays of micro-pillars embedded between two bulk conductive-PDMS layers. These micro-structures can reduce the micro-structural deformations along the direction of signal transmission; therefore the corresponding electrical impedance under the physical stretch by the movement of the human body can be maintained. Additionally, we conduct experiments to compare the electrical properties between the bulk conductive-PDMS material and the microengineered electrodes under stretch. We also demonstrate the working performance of these micro-engineered electrodes in the acquisition of the 12-lead electrocardiographs (ECG) of a healthy subject. Together, the presented gel-less microengineered electrodes can provide a more convenient and stable bio-potential measurement platform, making tele-medical care more achievable with reduced technical barriers for instrument installation performed by patients/users themselves. PMID:26512662

Detailed Modeling of Physical Processes in Electron Sources for Accelerator Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chubenko, Oksana; Afanasev, Andrei

2017-01-01

At present, electron sources are essential in a wide range of applications - from common technical use to exploring the nature of matter. Depending on the application requirements, different methods and materials are used to generate electrons. State-of-the-art accelerator applications set a number of often-conflicting requirements for electron sources (e.g., quantum efficiency vs. polarization, current density vs. lifetime, etc). Development of advanced electron sources includes modeling and design of cathodes, material growth, fabrication of cathodes, and cathode testing. The detailed simulation and modeling of physical processes is required in order to shed light on the exact mechanisms of electron emission and to develop new-generation electron sources with optimized efficiency. The purpose of the present work is to study physical processes in advanced electron sources and develop scientific tools, which could be used to predict electron emission from novel nano-structured materials. In particular, the area of interest includes bulk/superlattice gallium arsenide (bulk/SL GaAs) photo-emitters and nitrogen-incorporated ultrananocrystalline diamond ((N)UNCD) photo/field-emitters. Work supported by The George Washington University and Euclid TechLabs LLC.

Gas gun shock experiments with single-pulse x-ray phase contrast imaging and diffraction at the Advanced Photon Source

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Luo, S. N.; Jensen, B. J.; Hooks, D. E.; Fezzaa, K.; Ramos, K. J.; Yeager, J. D.; Kwiatkowski, K.; Shimada, T.

2012-07-01

The highly transient nature of shock loading and pronounced microstructure effects on dynamic materials response call for in situ, temporally and spatially resolved, x-ray-based diagnostics. Third-generation synchrotron x-ray sources are advantageous for x-ray phase contrast imaging (PCI) and diffraction under dynamic loading, due to their high photon fluxes, high coherency, and high pulse repetition rates. The feasibility of bulk-scale gas gun shock experiments with dynamic x-ray PCI and diffraction measurements was investigated at the beamline 32ID-B of the Advanced Photon Source. The x-ray beam characteristics, experimental setup, x-ray diagnostics, and static and dynamic test results are described. We demonstrate ultrafast, multiframe, single-pulse PCI measurements with unprecedented temporal (<100 ps) and spatial (˜2 μm) resolutions for bulk-scale shock experiments, as well as single-pulse dynamic Laue diffraction. The results not only substantiate the potential of synchrotron-based experiments for addressing a variety of shock physics problems, but also allow us to identify the technical challenges related to image detection, x-ray source, and dynamic loading.

Bulk substrate porosity verification by applying Monte Carlo modeling and Castaing's formula using energy-dispersive x-rays

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yung, Lai Chin; Fei, Cheong Choke; Mandeep, Jit Singh; Amin, Nowshad; Lai, Khin Wee

2015-11-01

The leadframe fabrication process normally involves additional thin-metal layer plating on the bulk copper substrate surface for wire bonding purposes. Silver, tin, and copper flakes are commonly adopted as plating materials. It is critical to assess the density of the plated metal layer, and in particular to look for porosity or voids underneath the layer, which may reduce the reliability during high-temperature stress. A fast, reliable inspection technique is needed to assess the porosity or void weakness. To this end, the characteristics of x-rays generated from bulk samples were examined using an energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX) detector to examine the porosity percentage. Monte Carlo modeling was integrated with Castaing's formula to verify the integrity of the experimental data. Samples with different porosity percentages were considered to test the correlation between the intensity of the collected x-ray signal and the material density. To further verify the integrity of the model, conventional cross-sectional samples were also taken to observe the porosity percentage using Image J software measurement. A breakthrough in bulk substrate assessment was achieved by applying EDX for the first time to nonelemental analysis. The experimental data showed that the EDX features were not only useful for elemental analysis, but also applicable to thin-film metal layer thickness measurement and bulk material density determination. A detailed experiment was conducted using EDX to assess the plating metal layer and bulk material porosity.

Effect of Thickness on Light Transmission and Vickers Hardness of Five Bulk-fill Resin-based Composites Using Polywave and Single-peak Light-emitting Diode Curing Lights.

PubMed

Maghaireh, G A; Price, R B; Abdo, N; Taha, N A; Alzraikat, H

2018-06-28

This study compared light transmission through different thicknesses of bulk-fill resin-based composites (RBCs) using a polywave and a single-peak light-emitting diode light-curing unit (LCU). The effect on the surface hardness was also evaluated. Five bulk-fill RBCs were tested. Specimens (n=5) of 1-, 2-, 4-, or 6-mm thickness were photopolymerized for 10 seconds from the top using a polywave (Bluephase Style) or single-peak (Elipar S10) LCU, while a spectrophotometer monitored in real time the transmitted irradiance and radiant exposure reaching the bottom of the specimen. After 24 hours of storage in distilled water at 37°C, the Vickers microhardness (VH) was measured at top and bottom. Results were analyzed using multiple-way analysis of variance, Tukey post hoc tests, and multivariate analysis (α=0.05). The choice of LCU had no significant effect on the total amount of light transmitted through the five bulk-fill RBCs at each thickness. There was a significant decrease in the amount of light transmitted as the thickness increased for all RBCs tested with both LCUs ( p<0.001). Effect of LCU on VH was minimal (η p 2 =0.010). The 1-, 2-, and 4-mm-thick specimens of SDR, X-tra Fill, and Filtek Bulk Restorative achieved a VH bottom/top ratio of approximately 80% when either LCU was used. The total amount of light transmitted through the five bulk-fill RBCs was similar at the different thicknesses using either LCU. The polywave LCU used in this study did not enhance the polymerization of the tested bulk-fill RBCs when compared with the single-peak LCU.

Influence of cup-center-edge angle on micro-motion at the interface between the cup and host bone in cementless total hip arthroplasty: three-dimensional finite element analysis.

PubMed

Kaku, Nobuhiro; Tabata, Tomonori; Tsumura, Hiroshi

2015-12-01

We verified the index cup position required for bulk bone grafting instead of morcellized grafting immediately after cementless total hip arthroplasty. Three-dimensional finite element analysis was used to evaluate changes in the volume of the slippage of the cup-host bone interface as micro-motion of the cup at the acetabular bone defect site depending on the cup-center-edge (CE) angle. The conditions of bulk bone grafts were similar to those of cortical bone. Slippage increased with decreasing cup-CE angle. A bulk bone graft tightly fixed to the host bone prevented considerably larger slippage between the cup and host bone. A smaller cup-CE angle increased the impact of the bulk bone graft on slippage. When the cup-CE angle was 0° or -10°, the criterion for slippage in favorable initial fixation in all conditions was <40 μm. Even if transplanted bulk bone is used, unless good fixation is obtained between the host bone, and the cup and bone graft, it is impossible to obtain reliable fixation of the cup with a cup-CE angle <-10° and slippage exceeding 40 μm. Bulk bone grafting tightly fixed to the host bone improves initial the cup-host bone fixation, especially when the cup-CE angle is small, such as <-10°. In clinical practice, negative factors are implicated in the initial fixation of various cups, and sufficient fixation between the host bone and cup or bulk bone graft using a screw is effective when the cup-CE angle is extremely small.

A comparison of freeze-drying and oven-drying preparation methods for bulk and compound-specific carbon stable isotope analyses: examples using the benthic macroinvertebrates Stenopsyche marmorata and Epeorus latifolium.

PubMed

Akamatsu, Fumikazu; Suzuki, Yaeko; Kato, Yoshikazu; Yoshimizu, Chikage; Tayasu, Ichiro

2016-01-15

Carbon stable isotope analysis of bulk samples and fatty acids is an established method for tracing carbon flow pathways and reconstructing trophic interactions, but there is no consensus on which sample drying method should be used for sample preparation. The aim of this study was to determine if freeze-drying and oven-drying treatments used to prepare samples of the benthic macroinvertebrates Stenopsyche marmorata and Epeorus latifolium for bulk and fatty-acid-specific carbon stable isotope analysis yield different isotopic ratio values. Five individuals each from two species were split in half; one half was freeze-dried and the other half was oven-dried. The samples were ground and the δ(13)C values of the bulk samples and eight fatty acids were measured following combustion using an isotope ratio mass spectrometer coupled to an elemental analyzer or gas chromatography system. The mean difference in the bulk and fatty acid δ(13)C values between freeze-dried and oven-dried samples was small (≤0.1‰ in both cases), although relatively large variations were observed in individual fatty-acid-specific δ(13)C values (maximum of ≤0.9 ‰). There were no significant differences in either bulk sample or fatty-acid-specific δ(13)C values between freeze-dried or oven-dried samples of the same species. Freeze-drying and oven-drying are equally acceptable methods for preparing freshly caught S. marmorata and E. latifolium samples for bulk and fatty-acid-specific carbon stable isotope analyses. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An Analysis of Costs and Cenefits Associated with Initial Contracting Technical Education and Training for Unrestricted Marine Officers

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-03-01

COSTS AND BENEFITS ASSOCIATED WITH INITIAL CONTRACTING TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING FOR UNRESTRICTED MARINE OFFICERS by Lee A. White...WITH INITIAL CONTRACTING TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING FOR UNRESTRICTED MARINE OFFICERS 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 6. AUTHOR(S) Lee A. White 7. PERFORMING...unlimited. AN ANALYSIS OF COSTS AND BENEFITS ASSOCIATED WITH INITIAL CONTRACTING TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING FOR UNRESTRICTED MARINE OFFICERS

Benefit-Cost Analysis of Integrated Paratransit Systems : Volume 6. Technical Appendices.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1979-09-01

This last volume, includes five technical appendices which document the methodologies used in the benefit-cost analysis. They are the following: Scenario analysis methodology; Impact estimation; Example of impact estimation; Sensitivity analysis; Agg...

Responses of protists with different feeding habits to the changes of activated sludge conditions: a study based on biomass data.

PubMed

Hu, Bo; Qi, Rong; An, Wei; Yang, Min

2012-01-01

Changes of protists, which were categorized into different functional groups primarily according to their feeding habits, in two full-scale municipal wastewater treatment systems experiencing sludge bulking were investigated over a period of 14 months. Protist biomass represented 3.7% to 5.2% of total biomass on average under normal sludge conditions, and the percentage increased significantly (p < 0.05) under sludge bulking conditions. The biomass of Chilodonella spp., capable of eating filamentous bacteria, tended to decrease in both systems when sludge bulking occurred, showing that the abnormal growth of filamentous bacteria did not lead to a biomass bloom of this group of protists. On the other hand, the bactivorous protists represented more than 96% of total protist biomass, and the biomass of this group, particularly the attached ciliates, increased significantly (p < 0.05) when sludge bulking occurred. The significant increase of the attached ciliates may have possibly facilitated the growth of filamentous bacteria through selectively preying on non-filamentous bacteria and further exacerbated sludge bulking. The redundancy analysis and correlation analysis results showed that the biomass changes of the attached ciliates were primarily related to the sludge volume index and to some extent related to five-day biochemical oxygen demand loading and hydraulic retention time.

Metagenome-Wide Association Study and Machine Learning Prediction of Bulk Soil Microbiome and Crop Productivity

PubMed Central

Chang, Hao-Xun; Haudenshield, James S.; Bowen, Charles R.; Hartman, Glen L.

2017-01-01

Areas within an agricultural field in the same season often differ in crop productivity despite having the same cropping history, crop genotype, and management practices. One hypothesis is that abiotic or biotic factors in the soils differ between areas resulting in these productivity differences. In this study, bulk soil samples collected from a high and a low productivity area from within six agronomic fields in Illinois were quantified for abiotic and biotic characteristics. Extracted DNA from these bulk soil samples were shotgun sequenced. While logistic regression analyses resulted in no significant association between crop productivity and the 26 soil characteristics, principal coordinate analysis and constrained correspondence analysis showed crop productivity explained a major proportion of the taxa variance in the bulk soil microbiome. Metagenome-wide association studies (MWAS) identified more Bradyrhizodium and Gammaproteobacteria in higher productivity areas and more Actinobacteria, Ascomycota, Planctomycetales, and Streptophyta in lower productivity areas. Machine learning using a random forest method successfully predicted productivity based on the microbiome composition with the best accuracy of 0.79 at the order level. Our study showed that crop productivity differences were associated with bulk soil microbiome composition and highlighted several nitrogen utility-related taxa. We demonstrated the merit of MWAS and machine learning for the first time in a plant-microbiome study. PMID:28421041

48 CFR 815.404-1 - Proposal analysis techniques.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... technical reviews. (See 801.602-70.) (b) Contracting officers determine the level of technical analyses... under them, and contract modifications. Contracting officers must request technical analyses of the proposals from the appropriate technical personnel. The technical analyses must address, as a minimum, the...

Technical noise supplement : TeNS : a technical supplement to the Traffic Noise Analysis Protocol.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1998-10-01

The purpose of this Technical Noise Supplement (TeNS) is to provide technical background : information on transportation-related noise in general and highway traffic noise in : particular. It is designed to elaborate on technical concepts and procedu...

48 CFR 815.404-1 - Proposal analysis techniques.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... technical reviews. (See 801.602-70.) (b) Contracting officers determine the level of technical analyses... under them, and contract modifications. Contracting officers must request technical analyses of the proposals from the appropriate technical personnel. The technical analyses must address, as a minimum, the...

The Skills that Technical Communicators Need: An Investigation of Technical Communication Graduates, Managers, and Curricula

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Whiteside, Aimee L.

2003-01-01

This study examines the skills that recent technical communication graduates and managers believe technical communication students need before entering business and industry as new technical communicators. Through questionnaires and interviews with recent graduates and managers of technical communication departments as well as an analysis of the…

Analysis of Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Processes for Potential Use on Army Coal-Fired Boilers

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-09-01

TECHNICAL REPORT N-93 September 1980 ANALYSIS OF FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION (FGD) PROCESSES FOR POTENTIAL USE ON ARMY COAL-FIRED BOILERS TECHNICAL LIBRARY...REFERENCE: Technical Report N-93, Analysis of Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Ppooesses for Potential Use on Army Coal-Fired Boilers Please take a few...REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 1. REPORT NUMBER CERL-TR-N-93 2. GOVT ACCESSION NO «. TITLE (end Subtitle) ANALYSIS OF FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION (FGD

Modelling technical snow production for skiing areas in the Austrian Alps with the physically based snow model AMUNDSEN

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hanzer, F.; Marke, T.; Steiger, R.; Strasser, U.

2012-04-01

Tourism and particularly winter tourism is a key factor for the Austrian economy. Judging from currently available climate simulations, the Austrian Alps show a particularly high vulnerability to climatic changes. To reduce the exposure of ski areas towards changes in natural snow conditions as well as to generally enhance snow conditions at skiing sites, technical snowmaking is widely utilized across Austrian ski areas. While such measures result in better snow conditions at the skiing sites and are important for the local skiing industry, its economic efficiency has also to be taken into account. The current work emerges from the project CC-Snow II, where improved future climate scenario simulations are used to determine future natural and artificial snow conditions and their effects on tourism and economy in the Austrian Alps. In a first step, a simple technical snowmaking approach is incorporated into the process based snow model AMUNDSEN, which operates at a spatial resolution of 10-50 m and a temporal resolution of 1-3 hours. Locations of skiing slopes within a ski area in Styria, Austria, were digitized and imported into the model environment. During a predefined time frame in the beginning of the ski season, the model produces a maximum possible amount of technical snow and distributes the associated snow on the slopes, whereas afterwards, until to the end of the ski season, the model tries to maintain a certain snow depth threshold value on the slopes. Due to only few required input parameters, this approach is easily transferable to other ski areas. In our poster contribution, we present first results of this snowmaking approach and give an overview of the data and methodology applied. In a further step in CC-Snow, this simple bulk approach will be extended to consider actual snow cannon locations and technical specifications, which will allow a more detailed description of technical snow production as well as cannon-based recordings of water and energy consumption.

Dynamic FLIR Target Acquisition. Phase I.

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-08-02

The execution of the experimental plan developed and outlined in this report will make up the bulk of our second year effort. The third year will be...outlined in this report will make up the bulk of our second year effort. The third year will be devoted to further experimentation and analysis of...established. 2.1 TARGET SELECTION In an analysis of the success or failure of past air strike campaigns from WW II through the Six Day War (see Figure 2

A "Virtual Fieldtrip": Service Learning in Distance Education Technical Writing Courses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Soria, Krista M.; Weiner, Brad

2013-01-01

This mixed-methods experimental study examined the effect of service learning in a distance education technical writing course. Quantitative analysis of data found evidence for a positive relationship between participation in service learning and technical writing learning outcomes. Additionally, qualitative analysis suggests that service learning…

The Intercultural Component in Textbooks for Teaching a Service Technical Writing Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Matveeva, Natalia

2007-01-01

This research article investigates new developments in the representation of the intercultural component in textbooks for a service technical writing course. Through textual analysis, using quantitative and qualitative techniques, I report discourse analysis of 15 technical writing textbooks published during 1993-2006. The theoretical and…

77 FR 47495 - Final Priority; Technical Assistance on State Data Collection, Analysis, and Reporting-National...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-08

... intervention and preschool service providers with data on their qualifications, certification, and preparation... Priority; Technical Assistance on State Data Collection, Analysis, and Reporting--National IDEA Technical Assistance Center on Early Childhood Longitudinal Data Systems; Rule #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 77, No...

Fullerene data mining using bibliometrics and database tomography

PubMed

Kostoff; Braun; Schubert; Toothman; Humenik

2000-01-01

Database tomography (DT) is a textual database analysis system consisting of two major components: (1) algorithms for extracting multiword phrase frequencies and phrase proximities (physical closeness of the multiword technical phrases) from any type of large textual database, to augment (2) interpretative capabilities of the expert human analyst. DT was used to derive technical intelligence from a fullerenes database derived from the Science Citation Index and the Engineering Compendex. Phrase frequency analysis by the technical domain experts provided the pervasive technical themes of the fullerenes database, and phrase proximity analysis provided the relationships among the pervasive technical themes. Bibliometric analysis of the fullerenes literature supplemented the DT results with author/journal/institution publication and citation data. Comparisons of fullerenes results with past analyses of similarly structured near-earth space, chemistry, hypersonic/supersonic flow, aircraft, and ship hydrodynamics databases are made. One important finding is that many of the normalized bibliometric distribution functions are extremely consistent across these diverse technical domains and could reasonably be expected to apply to broader chemical topics than fullerenes that span multiple structural classes. Finally, lessons learned about integrating the technical domain experts with the data mining tools are presented.

49 CFR 552.6 - Technical review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... § 552.6 Technical review. The appropriate Associate Administrator conducts a technical review of the petition. The technical review may consist of an analysis of the material submitted, together with... 49 Transportation 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Technical review. 552.6 Section 552.6...

49 CFR 552.6 - Technical review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... § 552.6 Technical review. The appropriate Associate Administrator conducts a technical review of the petition. The technical review may consist of an analysis of the material submitted, together with... 49 Transportation 6 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Technical review. 552.6 Section 552.6...

Synthesis and Characterization of BaFeO3, (Ba,Bi)FeO3, and Related Epitaxial Thin Films and Nanostructures

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

measured magnetizations of Ba-doped bulk BiFeO3 samples65, 68 The coercivity, or resistance of the sample to 72 demagnetization , is about 6000 Oe on...methods for sample analysis are briefly discussed. Investigation of BaFeO3 and its structural and magnetic properties, which differ from that of the bulk ...at the atomic level. The interfaces comprised of a magnetic and ferroelectric material layered on one another has great advantage over bulk

Method and Apparatus of Measuring Velocity and Sound Attenuation Coefficient in Bulk Materials Based on the Analysis of the Structure of Sound-Insulation Materials on the Basis of Perlite

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kapranov, B. I.; Mashanov, A. P.

2017-04-01

This paper presents the results of research and describes the apparatus for measuring the acoustic characteristics of bulk materials. Ultrasound, it has passed through a layer of bulk material, is further passes through an air gap. The presence of air gap prevents from measuring tract mechanical contacts, but complicates the measurement technology Studies were conducted on the example of measuring the acoustic characteristics of the widely used perlite-based sound-proofing material.

Microtensile bond strength of bulk-fill restorative composites to dentin.

PubMed

Mandava, Jyothi; Vegesna, Divya-Prasanna; Ravi, Ravichandra; Boddeda, Mohan-Rao; Uppalapati, Lakshman-Varma; Ghazanfaruddin, M D

2017-08-01

To facilitate the easier placement of direct resin composite in deeper cavities, bulk fill composites have been introduced. The Mechanical stability of fillings in stress bearing areas restored with bulk-fill resin composites is still open to question, since long term clinical studies are not available so far. Thus, the objective of the study was to evaluate and compare the microtensile bond strength of three bulk-fill restorative composites with a nanohybrid composite. Class I cavities were prepared on sixty extracted mandibular molars. Teeth were divided into 4 groups (n= 15 each) and in group I, the prepared cavities were restored with nanohybrid (Filtek Z250 XT) restorative composite in an incremental manner. In group II, III and IV, the bulk-fill composites (Filtek, Tetric EvoCeram, X-tra fil bulk-fill restoratives) were placed as a 4 mm single increment and light cured. The restored teeth were subjected to thermocycling and bond strength testing was done using instron testing machine. The mode of failure was assessed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The bond strength values obtained in megapascals (MPa) were subjected to statistical analysis, using SPSS/PC version 20 software.One-way ANOVA was used for groupwise comparison of the bond strength. Tukey's Post Hoc test was used for pairwise comparisons among the groups. The highest mean bond strength was achieved with Filtek bulk-fill restorative showing statistically significant difference with Tetric EvoCeram bulk-fill ( p < 0.003) and X-tra fil bulk-fill ( p <0.001) composites. Adhesive failures are mostly observed with X-tra fil bulk fill composites, whereas mixed failures are more common with other bulk fill composites. Bulk-fill composites exhibited adequate bond strength to dentin and can be considered as restorative material of choice in posterior stress bearing areas. Key words: Bond strength, Bulk-fill restoratives, Configuration factor, Polymerization shrinkage.

Investigation of transition States in bulk and freestanding film polymer glasses.

PubMed

Jain, Tushar S; de Pablo, Juan J

2004-04-16

We have performed transition state searches on the potential energy landscape for bulk and freestanding film polymer glasses and identified connected minima. An analysis of the displacements between minima shows that the sites that undergo the greatest displacement are highly localized in space for both the bulk and the thin-film systems studied. In the case of the thin film, the clusters originate at the surface and penetrate into the center of the film thereby coupling the relaxation in the center of the film to the mobile surface layer. Furthermore, the energy barriers between minima are lower in the thin film than in the bulk system. These findings can rationalize the experimentally observed depression of the glass transition temperature in freestanding polymer films.

27 CFR 25.195 - Removals for analysis.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LIQUORS BEER Removals Without Payment of Tax Removals for Analysis, Research... analysis in packages or in bulk containers. The brewer shall record beer removed for analysis in daily...

27 CFR 25.195 - Removals for analysis.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LIQUORS BEER Removals Without Payment of Tax Removals for Analysis, Research... analysis in packages or in bulk containers. The brewer shall record beer removed for analysis in daily...

Surface structure of bulk 2H-MoS2(0001) and exfoliated suspended monolayer MoS2: A selected area low energy electron diffraction study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dai, Zhongwei; Jin, Wencan; Grady, Maxwell; Sadowski, Jerzy T.; Dadap, Jerry I.; Osgood, Richard M.; Pohl, Karsten

2017-06-01

We have used selected area low energy electron diffraction intensity-voltage (μLEED-IV) analysis to investigate the surface structure of crystalline 2H molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and mechanically exfoliated and suspended monolayer MoS2. Our results show that the surface structure of bulk 2H-MoS2 is distinct from its bulk and that it has a slightly smaller surface relaxation at 320 K than previously reported at 95 K. We concluded that suspended monolayer MoS2 shows a large interlayer relaxation compared to the MoS2 sandwich layer terminating the bulk surface. The Debye temperature of MoS2 was concluded to be about 600 K, which agrees with a previous theoretical study. Our work has shown that the dynamical μLEED-IV analysis performed with a low energy electron microscope (LEEM) is a powerful technique for determination of the local atomic structures of currently extensively studied two-dimensional (2-D) materials.

Surface structure of bulk 2H-MoS 2 (0001) and exfoliated suspended monolayer MoS 2 : A selected area low energy electron diffraction study

DOE PAGES

Dai, Zhongwei; Jin, Wencan; Grady, Maxwell; ...

2017-02-10

Here, we used selected area low energy electron diffraction intensity-voltage (μLEED-IV) analysis to investigate the surface structure of crystalline 2H molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2) and mechanically exfoliated and suspended monolayer MoS 2. Our results show that the surface structure of bulk 2H-MoS 2 is distinct from its bulk and that it has a slightly smaller surface relaxation at 320 K than previously reported at 95 K. We concluded that suspended monolayer MoS 2 shows a large interlayer relaxation compared to the MoS 2 sandwich layer terminating the bulk surface. The Debye temperature of MoS 2 was concluded to be aboutmore » 600 K, which agrees with a previous theoretical study. Our work has shown that the dynamical μLEED-IV analysis performed with a low energy electron microscope (LEEM) is a powerful technique for determination of the local atomic structures of currently extensively studied two-dimensional (2-D) materials.« less

A review and evaluation of the Langley Research Center's Scientific and Technical Information Program: Results of phase 6: The technical report. A survey and analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mccullough, R. A.; Pinelli, T. E.; Pilley, D. D.; Stohrer, F. F.

1982-01-01

Current practice and usage using selected technical reports; literature relative to the sequential, language, and presentation components of technical reports; and NASA technical report publications standards are discussed. The effctiveness of the technical report as a product for information dissemination is considered.

Enhanced thermoelectric performance of Bi2Te3 through uniform dispersion of single wall carbon nanotubes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ahmad, Kaleem; Wan, Chunlei

2017-10-01

The advancement in nanostructured powder processing has attracted great interest as a cost effective and scalable strategy for high performance thermoelectric bulk materials. However, the level of technical breakthrough realized in quantum dot supperlattices/wires has not yet been demonstrated in these materials. Here, we report the first ever study on the uniform dispersion of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in nanostructured Bi2Te3 bulk, and their effect on thermoelectric parameters above room temperature. The Bi2Te3 based SWCNT composites were prepared through controlled powder processing, and their thermoelectric properties were finely tuned at the nanoscale by regulating various (0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.5) vol% of SWCNTs in the matrix. The flexible ropes of SWCNT, making an interconnected network through the inter/trans granular positions of Bi2Te3, thus substantially change the transport properties of the composites. The perfect one-dimensional (1D) conducting structure of SWCNTs acts as a source of electrical transport through a percolating network, with significantly suppressed lattice thermal conductivity, via intensified boundary scattering. The remarkable increase in power factor is ascribed to energy filtering effects and excellent electrical transport of 1D SWCNTs in the composites. Consequently, with a considerable reduction in thermal conductivity, the figure of merit culminates in a several-fold improvement, at 0.5 vol% of SWCNTs, over pristine bulk Bi2Te3.

Enhanced thermoelectric performance of Bi2Te3 through uniform dispersion of single wall carbon nanotubes.

PubMed

Ahmad, Kaleem; Wan, Chunlei

2017-10-13

The advancement in nanostructured powder processing has attracted great interest as a cost effective and scalable strategy for high performance thermoelectric bulk materials. However, the level of technical breakthrough realized in quantum dot supperlattices/wires has not yet been demonstrated in these materials. Here, we report the first ever study on the uniform dispersion of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in nanostructured Bi 2 Te 3 bulk, and their effect on thermoelectric parameters above room temperature. The Bi 2 Te 3 based SWCNT composites were prepared through controlled powder processing, and their thermoelectric properties were finely tuned at the nanoscale by regulating various (0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.5) vol% of SWCNTs in the matrix. The flexible ropes of SWCNT, making an interconnected network through the inter/trans granular positions of Bi 2 Te 3 , thus substantially change the transport properties of the composites. The perfect one-dimensional (1D) conducting structure of SWCNTs acts as a source of electrical transport through a percolating network, with significantly suppressed lattice thermal conductivity, via intensified boundary scattering. The remarkable increase in power factor is ascribed to energy filtering effects and excellent electrical transport of 1D SWCNTs in the composites. Consequently, with a considerable reduction in thermal conductivity, the figure of merit culminates in a several-fold improvement, at 0.5 vol% of SWCNTs, over pristine bulk Bi 2 Te 3 .

Next-generation sequencing for identification of candidate genes for Fusarium wilt and sterility mosaic disease in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan).

PubMed

Singh, Vikas K; Khan, Aamir W; Saxena, Rachit K; Kumar, Vinay; Kale, Sandip M; Sinha, Pallavi; Chitikineni, Annapurna; Pazhamala, Lekha T; Garg, Vanika; Sharma, Mamta; Sameer Kumar, Chanda Venkata; Parupalli, Swathi; Vechalapu, Suryanarayana; Patil, Suyash; Muniswamy, Sonnappa; Ghanta, Anuradha; Yamini, Kalinati Narasimhan; Dharmaraj, Pallavi Subbanna; Varshney, Rajeev K

2016-05-01

To map resistance genes for Fusarium wilt (FW) and sterility mosaic disease (SMD) in pigeonpea, sequencing-based bulked segregant analysis (Seq-BSA) was used. Resistant (R) and susceptible (S) bulks from the extreme recombinant inbred lines of ICPL 20096 × ICPL 332 were sequenced. Subsequently, SNP index was calculated between R- and S-bulks with the help of draft genome sequence and reference-guided assembly of ICPL 20096 (resistant parent). Seq-BSA has provided seven candidate SNPs for FW and SMD resistance in pigeonpea. In parallel, four additional genotypes were re-sequenced and their combined analysis with R- and S-bulks has provided a total of 8362 nonsynonymous (ns) SNPs. Of 8362 nsSNPs, 60 were found within the 2-Mb flanking regions of seven candidate SNPs identified through Seq-BSA. Haplotype analysis narrowed down to eight nsSNPs in seven genes. These eight nsSNPs were further validated by re-sequencing 11 genotypes that are resistant and susceptible to FW and SMD. This analysis revealed association of four candidate nsSNPs in four genes with FW resistance and four candidate nsSNPs in three genes with SMD resistance. Further, In silico protein analysis and expression profiling identified two most promising candidate genes namely C.cajan_01839 for SMD resistance and C.cajan_03203 for FW resistance. Identified candidate genomic regions/SNPs will be useful for genomics-assisted breeding in pigeonpea. © 2015 The Authors. Plant Biotechnology Journal published by Society for Experimental Biology and The Association of Applied Biologists and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Topological surface states in nodal superconductors.

PubMed

Schnyder, Andreas P; Brydon, Philip M R

2015-06-24

Topological superconductors have become a subject of intense research due to their potential use for technical applications in device fabrication and quantum information. Besides fully gapped superconductors, unconventional superconductors with point or line nodes in their order parameter can also exhibit nontrivial topological characteristics. This article reviews recent progress in the theoretical understanding of nodal topological superconductors, with a focus on Weyl and noncentrosymmetric superconductors and their protected surface states. Using selected examples, we review the bulk topological properties of these systems, study different types of topological surface states, and examine their unusual properties. Furthermore, we survey some candidate materials for topological superconductivity and discuss different experimental signatures of topological surface states.

From Newton to Einstein; Ask the physicist about mechanics and relativity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baker, F. Todd

2014-12-01

Since 2006 the author has run a web site, WWW.AskThePhysicist.com, where he answers questions about physics. The site is not intended for answering highly technical questions; rather the purpose is to answer, with as little mathematics and formalism as possible, questions from intelligent and curious laypersons. This book is about classical mechanics. Usually `classical' calls to mind Newtonian mechanics and that is indeed where modern physics started. The bulk of the book is devoted to sections which will contain mainly categorized groups of Q&As from the web site, sort of a Best of Ask the Physicist.

Instrument and Survey Analysis Technical Report: Program Implementation Survey. Technical Report #1112

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alonzo, Julie; Tindal, Gerald

2011-01-01

This technical document provides guidance to educators on the creation and interpretation of survey instruments, particularly as they relate to an analysis of program implementation. Illustrative examples are drawn from a survey of educators related to the use of the easyCBM learning system. This document includes specific sections on…

77 FR 56555 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; State of Missouri; Maximum Allowable Emission...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-13

... emissions impact of the clean fuels exclusion, MDNR relied on a technical analysis of emissions from units..., correspondence, referenced above, also included a technical analysis demonstrating that the averaging approach... EPA cannot read your comment due to technical difficulties and cannot contact you for clarification...

77 FR 38509 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; South Carolina; Regional Haze State...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-28

... Carolina's 2018 projections are based on the State's technical analysis of the anticipated emissions rates... haze technical analyses was developed by the Visibility Improvement State and Tribal Association of the... appropriate documentation in its SIP of the technical analysis it used to assess the need for and...

Analysis of scattering lengths in Co/Cu/Co and Co/Cu/Co/Cu spin-valves using a Ru barrier

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Strijkers, G. J.; Willekens, M. M. H.; Swagten, H. J. M.; de Jonge, W. J. M.

1996-10-01

We use uncoupled Co/Cu/Co and Co/Cu/Co/Cu spin-valve structures with a Ru barrier shifted through the top Co and Cu layer, respectively, to measure the longest of the electron mean free paths in Co and Cu as originally suggested by Parkin. From semiclassical transport calculations and careful analysis of the magnetoresistance data we conclude that the exponential behavior of ΔG is uniquely related to the longest of the Co and Cu mean free paths under the condition of effective spin-dependent filtering at the interfaces or in the bulk of the Co. In this regime we have compared λlong in Co and Cu with bulk conductivities (~λshort+λlong), yielding no strong evidence for bulk spin-dependent scattering in Co.

I-V-T analysis of radiation damage in high efficiency Si solar cells

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Banerjee, S.; Anderson, W. A.; Rao, B. B.

1985-01-01

A detailed analysis of current-voltage characteristics of N(+)-P/P solar cells indicate that there is a combination of different mechanisms which results in an enhancement in the dark current and in turn deteriorates the photovoltaic performance of the solar cells after 1 MeV e(-) irradiation. The increase in the dark current is due to three effects, i.e., bulk recombination, space charge recombination by deep traps and space charge recombination through shallow traps. It is shown that the increase in bulk recombination current is about 2 to 3 orders of magnitude whereas space charge recombination current due to shallow traps increases only by an order or so and no space charge recombination through deep traps was observed after irradiation. Thus, in order to improve the radiation hardness of these devices, bulk properties should be preserved.

The Independent Technical Analysis Process Final Report 2006-2007.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Duberstein, Corey; Ham, Kenneth; Dauble, Dennis

2007-03-01

The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) contracted with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to provide technical analytical support for system-wide fish passage information (BPA Project No. 2006-010-00). The goal of this project was to produce rigorous technical analysis products using independent analysts and anonymous peer reviewers. This project provided an independent technical source for non-routine fish passage analyses while allowing routine support functions to be performed by other well-qualified entities. The Independent Technical Analysis Process (ITAP) was created to provide non-routine analysis for fish and wildlife agencies and tribes in particular and the public in general on matters related tomore » juvenile and adult salmon and steelhead passage through the mainstem hydrosystem. The process was designed to maintain the independence of analysts and reviewers from parties requesting analyses, to avoid potential bias in technical products. The objectives identified for this project were to administer a rigorous, transparent process to deliver unbiased technical assistance necessary to coordinate recommendations for storage reservoir and river operations that avoid potential conflicts between anadromous and resident fish. Seven work elements, designated by numbered categories in the Pisces project tracking system, were created to define and accomplish project goals as follows: (1) 118 Coordination - Coordinate technical analysis and review process: (a) Retain expertise for analyst/reviewer roles. (b) Draft research directives. (c) Send directive to the analyst. (d) Coordinate two independent reviews of the draft report. (e) Ensure reviewer comments are addressed within the final report. (2) 162 Analyze/Interpret Data - Implement the independent aspects of the project. (3) 122 Provide Technical Review - Implement the review process for the analysts. (4) 132 Produce Annual Report - FY06 annual progress report with Pisces Disseminate (5) 161 Disseminate Raw/Summary Data and Results - Post technical products on the ITAP web site. (6) 185-Produce Pisces Status Report - Provide periodic status reports to BPA. (7) 119 Manage and Administer Projects - project/contract administration.« less

Bulk-Flow Analysis, part A

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Childs, Dara W.

1993-01-01

The bulk-flow analysis results for this contract are incorporated in the following publications: 'Fluid-Structure Interaction Forces at Pump-Impeller Shroud Surfaces for Axial Vibration Analysis'; 'Centrifugal Acceleration Modes for Incompressible Fluid in the Leakage Annulus Between a Shrouded Pump Impeller and Its Housing'; 'Influence of Impeller Shroud Forces on Pump Rotordynamics'; 'Pressure Oscillation in the Leakage Annulus Between a Shrouded Impeller and Its Housing Due to Impeller-Discharge-Pressure Disturbances'; and 'Compressibility Effects on Rotor Forces in the Leakage Path Between a Shrouded Pump Impeller and Its Housing'. These publications are summarized and included in this final report. Computational Fluid Mechanics (CFD) results developed by Dr. Erian Baskharone are reported separately.

Application of hierarchical cascading technique to finite element method simulation in bulk acoustic wave devices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Xinyi; Bao, Jingfu; Huang, Yulin; Zhang, Benfeng; Omori, Tatsuya; Hashimoto, Ken-ya

2018-07-01

In this paper, we propose the use of the hierarchical cascading technique (HCT) for the finite element method (FEM) analysis of bulk acoustic wave (BAW) devices. First, the implementation of this technique is presented for the FEM analysis of BAW devices. It is shown that the traveling-wave excitation sources proposed by the authors are fully compatible with the HCT. Furthermore, a HCT-based absorbing mechanism is also proposed to replace the perfectly matched layer (PML). Finally, it is demonstrated how the technique is much more efficient in terms of memory consumption and execution time than the full FEM analysis.

Single-cell whole exome and targeted sequencing in NPM1/FLT3 positive pediatric acute myeloid leukemia.

PubMed

Walter, Christiane; Pozzorini, Christian; Reinhardt, Katarina; Geffers, Robert; Xu, Zhenyu; Reinhardt, Dirk; von Neuhoff, Nils; Hanenberg, Helmut

2018-02-01

The small portion of leukemic stem cells (LSCs) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) present in children and adolescents is often masked by the high background of AML blasts and normal hematopoietic cells. The aim of the current study was to establish a simple workflow for reliable genetic analysis of single LSC-enriched blasts from pediatric patients. For three AMLs with mutations in nucleophosmin 1 and/or fms-like tyrosine kinase 3, we performed whole genome amplification on sorted single-cell DNA followed by whole exome sequencing (WES). The corresponding bulk bone marrow DNAs were also analyzed by WES and by targeted sequencing (TS) that included 54 genes associated with myeloid malignancies. Analysis revealed that read coverage statistics were comparable between single-cell and bulk WES data, indicating high-quality whole genome amplification. From 102 single-cell variants, 72 single nucleotide variants and insertions or deletions (70%) were consistently found in the two bulk DNA analyses. Variants reliably detected in single cells were also present in TS. However, initial screening by WES with read counts between 50-72× failed to detect rare AML subclones in the bulk DNAs. In summary, our study demonstrated that single-cell WES combined with bulk DNA TS is a promising tool set for detecting AML subclones and possibly LSCs. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Core vs. Bulk Samples in Soil-Moisture Tension Analyses

Treesearch

Walter M. Broadfoot

1954-01-01

The usual laboratory procedure in determining soil-moisture tension values is to use "undisturbed" soil cores for tensions up to 60 cm. of water and bulk soil samples for higher tensions. Low tensions are usually obtained with a tension table and the higher tensions by use of pressure plate apparatus. In tension analysis at the Vicksburg Infiltration Project...

75 FR 56538 - Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.; Analysis of Proposed Agreement Containing Consent Orders to Aid...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-16

... certain regional markets in the United States for the manufacture and sale of bulk liquid oxygen and bulk... the United States that produce liquid atmospheric gases, including liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen.... For most of these applications, there is no viable substitute for the use of oxygen or nitrogen...

Analysis of Technical Specifications of the Egyptian and French Electronic Storybooks (e-Storybook)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Atta, Mohammed Mahmoud; Abd El Wahab, Shaimaa Mahmoud

2015-01-01

This research aims at analysing technical specifications in a sample of Egyptian and French electronic storybooks (e-storybooks), to identify similarities and differences in technical specifications of children's e-storybooks and create a verified analysis list to be used for evaluation of e-storybooks. For this purpose, 32 e-storybooks in CD…

78 FR 15664 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; New Mexico; Interstate Transport...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-12

... technical analysis supporting New Mexico's conclusion as recommended by EPA's guidance memorandum that... modeling technical analyses are available, but EPA does not believe that modeling is necessarily required...)(2)(D)(i)(I) for the 2006 PM 2.5 NAAQS in several ways. It takes into account the technical analysis...

NAEP 1999 Long-Term Trend Technical Analysis Report: Three Decades of Student Performance. NCES 2005-484

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allen, Nancy L.; McClellan, Catherine A.; Stoeckel, Joan J.

2005-01-01

This report provides an update to the technical analysis procedures documenting the 1996 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) as presented in "The NAEP 1996 Technical Report" (Allen, Carlson, and Zelenak, 1999). It describes how the 1999 long-term trend data were incorporated into the trend analyses. Since no national main…

A comparison of a technical and a participatory application of social impact assessment.

Treesearch

Dennis R Becker; Charles C Harris; Erik A Nielsen; William J. McLaughlin

2004-01-01

Results of independent applications of a technical and a participatory approach to SIA are compared for an assessment of impacts of the proposed removal of hydroelectric dams to recover threatened and endangered salmon in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. The analysis focuses on empirical differences and similarities between the technical social analysis...

Bulk Enthalpy Calculations in the Arc Jet Facility at NASA ARC

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thompson, Corinna S.; Prabhu, Dinesh; Terrazas-Salinas, Imelda; Mach, Jeffrey J.

2011-01-01

The Arc Jet Facilities at NASA Ames Research Center generate test streams with enthalpies ranging from 5 MJ/kg to 25 MJ/kg. The present work describes a rigorous method, based on equilibrium thermodynamics, for calculating the bulk enthalpy of the flow produced in two of these facilities. The motivation for this work is to determine a dimensionally-correct formula for calculating the bulk enthalpy that is at least as accurate as the conventional formulas that are currently used. Unlike previous methods, the new method accounts for the amount of argon that is present in the flow. Comparisons are made with bulk enthalpies computed from an energy balance method. An analysis of primary facility operating parameters and their associated uncertainties is presented in order to further validate the enthalpy calculations reported herein.

Dynamics of bulk versus nanoscale W S2 : Local strain and charging effects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Luttrell, R. D.; Brown, S.; Cao, J.; Musfeldt, J. L.; Rosentsveig, R.; Tenne, R.

2006-01-01

We measured the infrared vibrational properties of bulk and nanoparticle WS2 in order to investigate the structure-property relations in these materials. In addition to the symmetry-breaking effects of local strain, nanoparticle curvature modifies the local charging environment of the bulk material. Performing a charge analysis on the xy -polarized E1u vibrational mode, we find an approximate 1.5:1 intralayer charge difference between the layered 2H material and inorganic fullerene-like (IF) nanoparticles. This effective charge difference may impact the solid-state lubrication properties of nanoscale metal dichalcogenides.

Dynamics of Bulk vs. Nanoscale WS2: Local Strain and Charging Effects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Musfeldt, J. L.; Brown, S.; Luttrell, R. D.; Cao, J.; Rosentsveig, R.; Tenne, R.

2006-03-01

We measured the infrared vibrational properties of bulk and nanoparticle WS2 in order to investigate the structure- property relations in these novel materials. In addition to the symmetry-breaking effects of local strain, nanoparticle curvature modifies the local charging environment of the bulk material. Performing a charge analysis on the xy-polarized E1u vibrational mode, we find an approximate 1.5:1 intralayer charge difference between the layered 2H material and inorganic fullerene-like (IF) nanoparticles. This effective charge difference may impact the solid-state lubrication properties of nanoscale metal dichalcogenides.

[NASA/DOD Aerospace Knowledge Diffusion Research Project. Report 3:] Technical communications in aeronautics: Results of an exploratory study. An analysis of profit managers' and nonprofit managers' responses

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pinelli, Thomas E.; Glassman, Myron; Barclay, Rebecca O.; Oliu, Walter E.

1989-01-01

Data collected from an exploratory study concerned with the technical communications practices of aerospace engineers and scientists were analyzed to test the primary assumption that profit and nonprofit managers in the aerospace community have different technical communications practices. Five assumptions were established for the analysis. Profit and nonprofit managers in the aerospace community were found to have different technical communications practices for one of the five assumptions tested. It was, therefore, concluded that profit and nonprofit managers in the aerospace community do not have different technical communications practices.

Quantitative crystallinity determination for E1010, a novel carbapenem antibiotic, using differential scanning calorimetry.

PubMed

Kushida, Ikuo

2012-03-01

The objective of this study was to develop a quantitative crystallinity analysis method for the bulk drug of E1010 ((+)-(4R,5S,6S)-6-[(R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-3-[(2S,4S)-2-[(R)-1-hydroxy-1-[(R)-pyrrolidin-3 -yl]methyl]pyrrolidin-4-yl]thio-4-methyl-7-oxo-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid monohydrochloride), a novel carbapenem antibiotic. X-ray analyses, thermal analyses and hygroscopicity measurements were used to elucidate the crystal structure and the solid state properties. To develop a quantitative method for the crystallinity of E1010 bulk drug, the relationship between enthalpy change obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and crystalline form ratio was investigated. E1010 bulk drug was found to exist in a crystalline trihydrate formed in two layers, i.e. a layer of E1010 free form, and a layer consisting of chloride ions and water molecules. The thermal analysis showed an endothermic peak derived from dehydration with the loss of crystal lattices at around 100°C as an onset. The enthalpy change value for the endothermic peak correlated well with crystalline content in binary physical mixtures of the crystalline trihydrate and the amorphous form. In addition, for nine lots of the bulk drug, a positive correlation between the enthalpy change and chemical stability in the solid state was observed. This quantitative analysis of crystallinity using DSC could be applicable for the quality control of the bulk drug to detect variability among manufacturing batches and to estimate the chemical stability of partially amorphous samples. © 2011 The Author. JPP © 2011 Royal Pharmaceutical Society.

Comment on "Horizontal aquifer movement in a theis-theim confined system, by Donald C. Helm

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hsieh, Paul A.; Cooley, Richard L.

1995-01-01

In a recent paper, Helm [1994] presents an analysis of horizontal aquifer movement induced by groundwater withdrawal from a confined aquifer in which fluid and grains are incompressible. The analysis considers the aquifer in isolation (ignoring overlying and underlying strata) and assumes that the aquifer deforms purely in the horizontal direction (with no vertical movement). Helm's solution for grain displacement is obtained through introduction of a quantity known as bulk flux, qb, defined asqb = nvw + (1 - n)vswhere n is porosity, vw is velocity of water, and vs is the velocity of the solid grains. On the basis of the bulk flux concept, Helm develops an explanation for the driving force on the bulk material.It is our view that Helm's analysis is subject to four limitations. First, Helm's assumption of zero vertical displacement is not supported by field observations and could result in over- estimation of radial displacement. Second, in ignoring the role of overlying and underlying strata, Helm's solution does not yield reliable estimates of aquifer deformation. Third, Helm's solution method works only for problems that involve one spatial coordinate (for example, x or r) but does not generally work for problems involving three-dimensional flow and de- formation. Fourth, Helm's explanation of the driving force on the bulk material is faulty for general three-dimensional problems. The purpose of our comment is to discuss these four issues.

Single Crystal Synthesis and STM Studies of High Temperature Superconductors

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barrientos, Alfonso

1997-01-01

This is a final report for the work initiated in September of 1994 under the grant NAG8-1085 - NASA/OMU, on the fabrication of bulk and single crystal synthesis, specific heat measuring and STM studies of high temperature superconductors. Efforts were made to fabricate bulk and single crystals of mercury based superconducting material. A systematic thermal analysis on the precursors for the corresponding oxides and carbonates were carried out to synthesized bulk samples. Bulk material was used as seed in an attempt to grow single crystals by a two-step self flux process. On the other hand bulk samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction, electrical resistivity and magnetic susceptibility, We studied the specific heat behavior in the range from 80 to 300 K. Some preliminary attempts were made to study the atomic morphology of our samples. As part of our efforts we built an ac susceptibility apparatus for measuring the transition temperature of our sintered samples.

Synaptotagmin-11 inhibits clathrin-mediated and bulk endocytosis.

PubMed

Wang, Changhe; Wang, Yeshi; Hu, Meiqin; Chai, Zuying; Wu, Qihui; Huang, Rong; Han, Weiping; Zhang, Claire Xi; Zhou, Zhuan

2016-01-01

Precise and efficient endocytosis is essential for vesicle recycling during a sustained neurotransmission. The regulation of endocytosis has been extensively studied, but inhibitors have rarely been found. Here, we show that synaptotagmin-11 (Syt11), a non-Ca(2+)-binding Syt implicated in schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease, inhibits clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) and bulk endocytosis in dorsal root ganglion neurons. The frequency of both types of endocytic event increases in Syt11 knockdown neurons, while the sizes of endocytosed vesicles and the kinetics of individual bulk endocytotic events remain unaffected. Specifically, clathrin-coated pits and bulk endocytosis-like structures increase on the plasma membrane in Syt11-knockdown neurons. Structural-functional analysis reveals distinct domain requirements for Syt11 function in CME and bulk endocytosis. Importantly, Syt11 also inhibits endocytosis in hippocampal neurons, implying a general role of Syt11 in neurons. Taken together, we propose that Syt11 functions to ensure precision in vesicle retrieval, mainly by limiting the sites of membrane invagination at the early stage of endocytosis. © 2015 The Authors.

Effect of strong disorder on three-dimensional chiral topological insulators: Phase diagrams, maps of the bulk invariant, and existence of topological extended bulk states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Song, Juntao; Fine, Carolyn; Prodan, Emil

2014-11-01

The effect of strong disorder on chiral-symmetric three-dimensional lattice models is investigated via analytical and numerical methods. The phase diagrams of the models are computed using the noncommutative winding number, as functions of disorder strength and model's parameters. The localized/delocalized characteristic of the quantum states is probed with level statistics analysis. Our study reconfirms the accurate quantization of the noncommutative winding number in the presence of strong disorder, and its effectiveness as a numerical tool. Extended bulk states are detected above and below the Fermi level, which are observed to undergo the so-called "levitation and pair annihilation" process when the system is driven through a topological transition. This suggests that the bulk invariant is carried by these extended states, in stark contrast with the one-dimensional case where the extended states are completely absent and the bulk invariant is carried by the localized states.

Membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor with focus on surface properties and interactions of cake sludge and bulk sludge.

PubMed

Yu, Haiying; Lin, Hongjun; Zhang, Meijia; Hong, Huachang; He, Yiming; Wang, Fangyuan; Zhao, Leihong

2014-10-01

In this study, the fouling behaviors and surface properties of cake sludge and bulk sludge in a submerged membrane bioreactor (MBR) were investigated and compared. It was found that the specific filtration resistance (SFR) of cake sludge was about 5 times higher than that of bulk sludge. Two types of sludge possessed similar extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content, particle size distribution (PSD) and zeta potential. However, their surface properties in terms of surface tensions were significantly different. Further analysis showed that cake sludge was more hydrophilic and had worse aggregation ability. Moreover, cake sludge surface possessed more hydrocarbon, less oxygen and nitrogen moieties than bulk sludge surface. It was suggested that, rather than EPS and PSD differences, the differences in the surface composition were the main cause of the great differences in SFR and adhesion ability between cake sludge and bulk sludge. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Comprehensive analysis of low-frequency noise variability components in bulk and fully depleted silicon-on-insulator metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maekawa, Keiichi; Makiyama, Hideki; Yamamoto, Yoshiki; Hasegawa, Takumi; Okanishi, Shinobu; Sonoda, Kenichiro; Shinkawata, Hiroki; Yamashita, Tomohiro; Kamohara, Shiro; Yamaguchi, Yasuo

2018-04-01

The low-frequency noise (LFN) variability in bulk and fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FDSOI) metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) with silicon on thin box (SOTB) technology was investigated. LFN typically shows a flicker noise component and a signal Lorentzian component by random telegraph noise (RTN). At a weak inversion state, the random dopant fluctuation (RDF) in a channel is strongly affected to not only RTN variability but also flicker noise variability in the bulk MOSFET compared with SOTB MOSFET because of local carrier number fluctuation in the channel. On the other hand, the typical level of LFN in SOTB MOSFET is slightly larger than that in the bulk MOSFET because of an additional interface on the buried oxide layer. However, considering the tailing characteristics of LFN variability, LFN in SOTB MOSFET can be assumed to be smaller than that in the bulk MOSFET, which enables the low-voltage operation of analog circuits.

7 CFR 2003.26 - Functional organization of RBS.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... on cooperative marketing. The division conducts research and analysis and gives technical assistance... cooperative resource management. The division conducts research and analysis and gives technical assistance to... service to cooperative associations by administering a program of research and analysis of economic...

Analysis of "The Wonderful Desert." Technical Report No. 170.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Green, G. M.; And Others

This report presents a text analysis of "The Wonderful Desert," a brief selection from the "Reader's Digest Skill Builder" series. (The techniques used in arriving at the analysis are presented in a Reading Center Technical Report, Number 168, "Problems and Techniques of Text Analysis.") Tables are given for a…

Cosmic bulk flow and the local motion from Cosmicflows-2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoffman, Yehuda; Courtois, Hélène M.; Tully, R. Brent

2015-06-01

Full sky surveys of peculiar velocity are arguably the best way to map the large-scale structure (LSS) out to distances of a few × 100 h-1 Mpc. Using the largest and most accurate ever catalogue of galaxy peculiar velocities Cosmicflows-2, the LSS has been reconstructed by means of the Wiener filter (WF) and constrained realizations (CRs) assuming as a Bayesian prior model the Λ cold dark matter model with the WMAP inferred cosmological parameters. This paper focuses on studying the bulk flow of the local flow field, defined as the mean velocity of top-hat spheres with radii ranging out to R = 500 h-1 Mpc. The estimated LSS, in general, and the bulk flow, in particular, are determined by the tension between the observational data and the assumed prior model. A pre-requisite for such an analysis is the requirement that the estimated bulk flow is consistent with the prior model. Such a consistency is found here. At R = 50 (150) h-1 Mpc, the estimated bulk velocity is 250 ± 21 (239 ± 38) km s-1. The corresponding cosmic variance at these radii is 126 (60) km s-1, which implies that these estimated bulk flows are dominated by the data and not by the assumed prior model. The estimated bulk velocity is dominated by the data out to R ≈ 200 h-1 Mpc, where the cosmic variance on the individual supergalactic Cartesian components (of the rms values) exceeds the variance of the CRs by at least a factor of 2. The SGX and SGY components of the cosmic microwave background dipole velocity are recovered by the WF velocity field down to a very few km s-1. The SGZ component of the estimated velocity, the one that is most affected by the zone of avoidance, is off by 126 km s-1 (an almost 2σ discrepancy). The bulk velocity analysis reported here is virtually unaffected by the Malmquist bias and very similar results are obtained for the data with and without the bias correction.

Reconstruction of the Shallow Acetabulum With a Combination of Autologous Bulk and Impaction Bone Grafting Fixed by Cement.

PubMed

Maruyama, Masaaki; Wakabayashi, Shinji; Ota, Hiroshi; Tensho, Keiji

2017-02-01

Acetabular bone deficiency, especially proximal and lateral deficiency, is a difficult technical problem during primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). We report a new reconstruction method using a medial-reduced cemented socket and additional bulk bone in conjunction with impaction morselized bone grafting (additional bulk bone grafting method). In a population of patients with acetabular dysplasia undergoing THA using a medial-reduced cemented socket and additional bulk bone with impacted morselized bone grafting, we evaluated (1) the radiographic appearance of bone graft; (2) the proportion of cups that developed loosening and subsequent revision; and (3) clinical results (outcome scores and complications). Forty percent of 330 THAs for DDH performed at one center between 1999 and 2009 were defined as shallow dysplastic hips. The additional bulk bone grafting method was performed on 102 THAs with shallow acetabulum (31% for DDH) at one center between 1999 and 2009. We used this approach and technique for shallow acetabuli when a cup protruded from the lateral acetabular edge in preoperative templating. The other 132 dysplastic hips without bone grafting had THA performed at the same periods and served as a control. Acetabuli were defined as shallow when the depth was less than or equal to one-fifth of the pelvic height (cranial-caudal length on radiograph). The additional bulk bone grafting technique was as follows: the resected femoral head was sectioned at 1 to 2 cm thickness, and a suitable size of the bulk bone graft was placed on the lateral iliac cortex and fixed by poly-L-lactate absorbable screws. Autologous impaction morselized bone grafting, with or without hydroxyapatite granules, was performed along with the implantation of a medial-reduced cemented socket. We defined an "incorporated" graft as remodeling and trabeculation including rounding off of the protruding edge of a graft beyond the socket. Radiographic criteria used for determining loosening were migration or a continuous radiolucent zone between the prosthesis/bone cement and host bone. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) and the Merle d'Aubigne and Postel score; complications were tallied from chart review. The followup was 10 ± 3 years (range, 6-15 years). One acetabular component (1%) with severe shallow and steep acetabuli showed definite radiographic evidence of loosening and was revised. Clinically, the mean JOA score for the hips treated with additional bulk bone grafting THA in this study improved from 39 ± 10 points preoperatively to 95 ± 5 points postoperatively (p < 0.05, paired t-test). The mean Merle d'Aubigne and Postel score for the hips improved from 7 ± 2 points to 17 ± 1 points (p < 0.05, paired t-test). Complications included a Trendelenburg sign in one hip, dislocation in one, and transient partial sciatic nerve palsy in one. Within 3 years 6 months postoperatively, 101 of 102 additional bulk bone grafting cases showed successful bone remodeling and bone graft reorientation without collapse on radiographs. Partial resorption of the additional bone graft on the lateral side was observed in two hips (2%) with socket abduction angles of < 35°. Achieving stable acetabular fixation is often challenging in the dysplastic hip, especially shallow acetabulum, and a variety of techniques have been described. Early results of combining bulk graft with impaction of morselized graft are promising. Although each surgical technique was well established, further investigation for clinical results of a combination of these techniques might be necessary to confirm longer term outcomes. Level IV, therapeutic study.

Study of the ink-paper interaction by image analysis: surface and bulk inspection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fiadeiro, Paulo T.; de O. Mendes, António; M. Ramos, Ana M.; L. de Sousa, Sónia C.

2013-11-01

In this work, two optical systems previously designed and implemented by our research team, were used to enable the surface and bulk inspection of the ink-paper interaction by image analysis. Basically, the first system works by ejecting micro-liter ink drops onto the papers surface while monitoring the event under three different views over time. The second system is used for sectioning the paper samples through their thickness and to simultaneously acquire images of the ink penetration of each section cut. In the performed experiments, three black inks of different brands and a common copy paper were chosen, used, and tested with the two developed optical systems. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out at the surface level and in the bulk of the paper. In terms of conclusions, it was shown that the three tested ink-paper combinations revealed very distinct characteristics.

Determination of residual solvents in bulk pharmaceuticals by thermal desorption/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

PubMed

Urakami, K; Saito, Y; Fujiwara, Y; Watanabe, C; Umemoto, K; Godo, M; Hashimoto, K

2000-12-01

Thermal desorption (TD) techniques followed by capillary GC/MS were applied for the analysis of residual solvents in bulk pharmaceuticals. Solvents desorbed from samples by heating were cryofocused at the head of a capillary column prior to GC/MS analysis. This method requires a very small amount of sample and no sample pretreatment. Desorption temperature was set at the point about 20 degrees C higher than the melting point of each sample individually. The relative standard deviations of this method tested by performing six consecutive analyses of 8 different samples were 1.1 to 3.1%, and analytical results of residual solvents were in agreement with those obtained by direct injection of N,N-dimethylformamide solution of the samples into the GC. This novel TD/GC/MS method was demonstrated to be very useful for the identification and quantification of residual solvents in bulk pharmaceuticals.

Finite-size effect and the components of multifractality in transport economics volatility based on multifractal detrending moving average method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Feier; Tian, Kang; Ding, Xiaoxu; Miao, Yuqi; Lu, Chunxia

2016-11-01

Analysis of freight rate volatility characteristics attracts more attention after year 2008 due to the effect of credit crunch and slowdown in marine transportation. The multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis technique is employed to analyze the time series of Baltic Dry Bulk Freight Rate Index and the market trend of two bulk ship sizes, namely Capesize and Panamax for the period: March 1st 1999-February 26th 2015. In this paper, the degree of the multifractality with different fluctuation sizes is calculated. Besides, multifractal detrending moving average (MF-DMA) counting technique has been developed to quantify the components of multifractal spectrum with the finite-size effect taken into consideration. Numerical results show that both Capesize and Panamax freight rate index time series are of multifractal nature. The origin of multifractality for the bulk freight rate market series is found mostly due to nonlinear correlation.

Microfluidic and nanofluidic phase behaviour characterization for industrial CO2, oil and gas.

PubMed

Bao, Bo; Riordon, Jason; Mostowfi, Farshid; Sinton, David

2017-08-08

Microfluidic systems that leverage unique micro-scale phenomena have been developed to provide rapid, accurate and robust analysis, predominantly for biomedical applications. These attributes, in addition to the ability to access high temperatures and pressures, have motivated recent expanded applications in phase measurements relevant to industrial CO 2 , oil and gas applications. We here present a comprehensive review of this exciting new field, separating microfluidic and nanofluidic approaches. Microfluidics is practical, and provides similar phase properties analysis to established bulk methods with advantages in speed, control and sample size. Nanofluidic phase behaviour can deviate from bulk measurements, which is of particular relevance to emerging unconventional oil and gas production from nanoporous shale. In short, microfluidics offers a practical, compelling replacement of current bulk phase measurement systems, whereas nanofluidics is not practical, but uniquely provides insight into phase change phenomena at nanoscales. Challenges, trends and opportunities for phase measurements at both scales are highlighted.

Shock-wave structure for a polyatomic gas with large bulk viscosity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kosuge, Shingo; Aoki, Kazuo

2018-02-01

The structure of a standing plane shock wave in a polyatomic gas is investigated on the basis of kinetic theory, with special interest in gases with large bulk viscosities, such as CO2 gas. The ellipsoidal statistical model for a polyatomic gas is employed. First, the shock structure is computed numerically for various upstream Mach numbers and for various (large) values of the ratio of the bulk viscosity to the shear viscosity, and different types of profiles, such as the double-layer structure consisting of a thin upstream layer with a steep change and a much thicker downstream layer with a mild change, are obtained. Then, an asymptotic analysis for large values of the ratio is carried out, and an analytical solution that describes the different types of profiles obtained by the numerical analysis, such as the double-layer structure, correctly is obtained.

Energy. Application of solar energy in dwellings: A technical and economical analysis for the European community

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1980-03-01

The technical possibilities and economical limitations of solar heating systems for the application in swimming pools, hot water preparation, space heating and air conditioning were investigated. This analysis was performed for dwellings with special consideration of the climatic differences in each community. The computer program, which was used for solar system calculations, and all mathematical models, for technical and economical analysis were elucidated. In the technical and economical analysis, the most suitable solar system sizes for each community was determined. Four types of solar collectors were investigated. The single glass selective collector proved to be the most cost effective collector in all the above applications, provided the the additional cost for the selective coating is not more than 20DM/cu. From the results of the analysis certain recommendations were derived, which can improve the rapid implementation of solar heating systems into the market.

Process audits versus product quality monitoring of bulk milk.

PubMed

Velthuis, A G J; van Asseldonk, M A P M

2011-01-01

Assessment of milk quality is based on bulk milk testing and farm certification on process quality audits. It is unknown to what extent dairy farm audits improve milk quality. A statistical analysis was conducted to quantify possible associations between bulk milk testing and dairy farm audits. The analysis comprised 64.373 audit outcomes on 26,953 dairy farms, which were merged with all conducted laboratory tests of bulk milk samples 12 mo before the audit. Each farm audit record included 271 binary checklist items and 52 attention point variables (given to farmers if serious deviations were observed), both indicating possible deviations from the desired farm situation. Test results included somatic cell count (SCC), total bacterial count (TBC), antimicrobial drug residues (ADR), level of butyric acid spores (BAB), freezing point depression (FPD), level of free fatty acid (FFA), and milk sediment (SED). Results show that numerous audit variables were related to bulk milk test results, although the goodness of fit of the models was generally low. Cow hygiene, clean cubicles, hygiene of milking parlor, and utility room were positively correlated with superior product quality, mainly with respect to SCC, TBC, BAB, FPD, FFA, and SED. Animal health or veterinary drugs management (i.e., drug treatment recording, marking of treated animals, and storage of veterinary drugs) related to SCC, FPD, FFA, and SED. The availability of drinking water was related to TBC, BAB, FFA, and SED, whereas maintenance of the milking equipment was related mainly to SCC, FPD, and FFA. In summary, bulk milk quality and farm audit outcomes are, to some degree, associated: if dairy farms are assessed negatively on specific audit aspects, the bulk milk quality is more likely to be inferior. However, the proportion of the total variance in milk test results explained by audits ranged between 4 and 13% (depending on the specific bulk milk test), showing that auditing dairy farms provides additional information but has a limited association with the outcome of a product quality control program. This study suggests that farm audits could be streamlined to include only relevant checklist items and that bulk milk quality monitoring could be used as a basis of selecting farms for more or less frequent audits. Copyright © 2011 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Repair of bone segment defects with surface porous fiber-reinforced polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) composite prosthesis: histomorphometric incorporation model and characterization by SEM.

PubMed

Hautamäki, Mikko P; Aho, Allan J; Alander, Pasi; Rekola, Jami; Gunn, Jarmo; Strandberg, Niko; Vallittu, Pekka K

2008-08-01

Polymer technology has provided solutions for filling of bone defects in situations where there may be technical or biological complications with autografts, allografts, and metal prostheses. We present an experimental study on segmental bone defect reconstruction using a polymethylmethacrylate-(PMMA-) based bulk polymer implant prosthesis. We concentrated on osteoconductivity and surface characteristics. A critical size segment defect of the rabbit tibia in 19 animals aged 18-24 weeks was reconstructed with a surface porous glass fiber-reinforced (SPF) prosthesis made of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). The biomechanical properties of SPF implant material were previously adjusted technically to mimic the properties of normal cortical bone. A plain PMMA implant with no porosity or fiber reinforcement was used as a control. Radiology, histomorphometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for analysis of bone growth into the prosthesis during incorporation. The radiographic and histological incorporation model showed good host bone contact, and strong formation of new bone as double cortex. Histomorphometric evaluation showed that the bone contact index (BCI) at the posterior surface interface was higher with the SPF implant than for the control. The total appositional bone growth over the posterior surface (area %) was also stronger for the SPF implant than for controls. Both bone growth into the porous surface and the BCI results were related to the quality, coverage, and regularity of the microstructure of the porous surface. Porous surface structure enhanced appositional bone growth onto the SPF implant. Under load-bearing conditions the implant appears to function like an osteoconductive prosthesis, which enables direct mobilization and rapid return to full weight bearing.

The National Shipbuilding Research Program. Proceedings of the REAPS Technical Symposium. Paper No. 20: Application of the GIFTS-5 Minibased Graphics System for Ship Design and Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-09-01

Proceedings of the REAPS Technical Symposium Paper No. 20: Application of the GIFTS -5 Minibased Graphics System for Ship Design and Analysis U.S...The National Shipbuilding Research Program Proceedings of the REAPS Technical Symposium Paper No. 20: Application of the GIFTS -5 Minibased Graphics...MERCHANTABILITY AND/OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE ARE SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMED. APPLICATION OF THE GIFTS -5 MINIBASED GRAPHICS SYSTEM FOR SHIP DESIGN AND ANALYSIS Dr

10 CFR 830.205 - Technical safety requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... must: (1) Develop technical safety requirements that are derived from the documented safety analysis... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Technical safety requirements. 830.205 Section 830.205 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY NUCLEAR SAFETY MANAGEMENT Safety Basis Requirements § 830.205 Technical...

LPTA versus Tradeoff: Analysis of Contract Source Selection Strategies and Performance Outcomes

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-15

methodologies contracting professionals employ to acquire what the DOD needs. Contracting professionals may use lowest price technically acceptable...17 1. 2. Lowest Price Technically Acceptable...Acquisition Streamlining Act Government Accountability Office highest technically rated offeror independent variable lowest price technically

10 CFR 830.205 - Technical safety requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... must: (1) Develop technical safety requirements that are derived from the documented safety analysis... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Technical safety requirements. 830.205 Section 830.205 Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY NUCLEAR SAFETY MANAGEMENT Safety Basis Requirements § 830.205 Technical...

76 FR 6376 - Approval of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Indiana and Ohio; Disapproval of Interstate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-04

... impact. EPA stated that the State's conclusion should be supported by an adequate technical analysis. EPA... technical analysis, no such analysis was provided by IDEM justifying that these measures are sufficient to... a State's [[Page 6379

Application of dexterous space robotics technology to myoelectric prostheses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hess, Clifford; Li, Larry C. H.; Farry, Kristin A.; Walker, Ian D.

1994-02-01

Future space missions will require robots equipped with highly dexterous robotic hands to perform a variety of tasks. A major technical challenge in making this possible is an improvement in the way these dexterous robotic hands are remotely controlled or teleoperated. NASA is currently investigating the feasibility of using myoelectric signals to teleoperate a dexterous robotic hand. In theory, myoelectric control of robotic hands will require little or no mechanical parts and will greatly reduce the bulk and weight usually found in dexterous robotic hand control devices. An improvement in myoelectric control of multifinger hands will also benefit prosthetics users. Therefore, as an effort to transfer dexterous space robotics technology to prosthetics applications and to benefit from existing myoelectric technology, NASA is collaborating with the Limbs of Love Foundation, the Institute for Rehabilitation and Research, and Rice University in developing improved myoelectric control multifinger hands and prostheses. In this paper, we will address the objectives and approaches of this collaborative effort and discuss the technical issues associated with myoelectric control of multifinger hands. We will also report our current progress and discuss plans for future work.

Application of dexterous space robotics technology to myoelectric prostheses

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hess, Clifford; Li, Larry C. H.; Farry, Kristin A.; Walker, Ian D.

1994-01-01

Future space missions will require robots equipped with highly dexterous robotic hands to perform a variety of tasks. A major technical challenge in making this possible is an improvement in the way these dexterous robotic hands are remotely controlled or teleoperated. NASA is currently investigating the feasibility of using myoelectric signals to teleoperate a dexterous robotic hand. In theory, myoelectric control of robotic hands will require little or no mechanical parts and will greatly reduce the bulk and weight usually found in dexterous robotic hand control devices. An improvement in myoelectric control of multifinger hands will also benefit prosthetics users. Therefore, as an effort to transfer dexterous space robotics technology to prosthetics applications and to benefit from existing myoelectric technology, NASA is collaborating with the Limbs of Love Foundation, the Institute for Rehabilitation and Research, and Rice University in developing improved myoelectric control multifinger hands and prostheses. In this paper, we will address the objectives and approaches of this collaborative effort and discuss the technical issues associated with myoelectric control of multifinger hands. We will also report our current progress and discuss plans for future work.

Guided waves and ultrasonic characterization of three-dimensional composites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leymarie, Nicolas; Baste, Stéphane

2000-05-01

Ultrasonic NDE of anisotropic media appears nowadays as one of the best experimental approaches in studying mechanical properties. A complete identification of stiffness tensor can be performed with phase velocity measurements of obliquely incidence ultrasonic bulk waves from water onto a plate. The medium considered, however, has to be homogeneous with respect to wavelength used. In the case of 3D-composites, textures scales may reach one millimeter and their cut-off frequency is less than MHz. The dispersion curves observed in the considered range of frequencies are often very close and sometimes may be overlapped. Experimental studies show complex signals, which are due to a combination of both bulk and guided waves. Wave-speed measurements of the bulk wave and its detection become unreliable with classical techniques of signal processing (simple time or spectral analysis). Moreover, even if the coupled time-frequency analysis with wavelet transforms allows a better interpretation of the signal, the time delay estimation for the bulk wave and so the characterization of the material remains uncertain. To understand blended signals more accurately, different analytical and numerical models are proposed to show the advantages and disadvantages of methods used in NDE.

Soil Bulk Density by Soil Type, Land Use and Data Source: Putting the Error in SOC Estimates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wills, S. A.; Rossi, A.; Loecke, T.; Ramcharan, A. M.; Roecker, S.; Mishra, U.; Waltman, S.; Nave, L. E.; Williams, C. O.; Beaudette, D.; Libohova, Z.; Vasilas, L.

2017-12-01

An important part of SOC stock and pool assessment is the assessment, estimation, and application of bulk density estimates. The concept of bulk density is relatively simple (the mass of soil in a given volume), the specifics Bulk density can be difficult to measure in soils due to logistical and methodological constraints. While many estimates of SOC pools use legacy data in their estimates, few concerted efforts have been made to assess the process used to convert laboratory carbon concentration measurements and bulk density collection into volumetrically based SOC estimates. The methodologies used are particularly sensitive in wetlands and organic soils with high amounts of carbon and very low bulk densities. We will present an analysis across four database measurements: NCSS - the National Cooperative Soil Survey Characterization dataset, RaCA - the Rapid Carbon Assessment sample dataset, NWCA - the National Wetland Condition Assessment, and ISCN - the International soil Carbon Network. The relationship between bulk density and soil organic carbon will be evaluated by dataset and land use/land cover information. Prediction methods (both regression and machine learning) will be compared and contrasted across datasets and available input information. The assessment and application of bulk density, including modeling, aggregation and error propagation will be evaluated. Finally, recommendations will be made about both the use of new data in soil survey products (such as SSURGO) and the use of that information as legacy data in SOC pool estimates.

10 CFR 601.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

10 CFR 601.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

49 CFR 20.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

34 CFR 82.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 519.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

49 CFR 20.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

43 CFR 18.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

34 CFR 82.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 227.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 519.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 1168.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

49 CFR 20.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

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45 CFR 1168.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

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22 CFR 138.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

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22 CFR 138.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

34 CFR 82.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

10 CFR 601.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 519.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

10 CFR 601.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 1168.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 227.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 138.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

34 CFR 82.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 227.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

49 CFR 20.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

Impacts of Variable Renewable Energy on Bulk Power System Assets, Pricing, and Costs

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wiser, Ryan H.; Mills, Andrew; Seel, Joachim

We synthesize available literature, data, and analysis on the degree to which growth in variable renewable energy (VRE) has impacted to date or might in the future impact bulk power system assets, pricing, and costs. We do not analyze impacts on specific power plants, instead focusing on national and regional system-level trends. The issues addressed are highly context dependent—affected by the underlying generation mix of the system, the amount of wind and solar penetration, and the design and structure of the bulk power system in each region. Moreover, analyzing the impacts of VRE on the bulk power system is amore » complex area of research and there is much more to be done to increase understanding of how VRE impacts the dynamics of current and future electricity markets. While more analysis is warranted, including additional location-specific assessments, several high-level findings emerge from this synthesis: -VRE Is Already Impacting the Bulk Power Market -VRE Impacts on Average Wholesale Prices Have Been Modest -VRE Impacts on Power Plant Retirements Have So Far Been Limited -VRE Impacts on the Bulk Power Market will Grow with Penetration -The ’System Value’ of VRE will Decline with Penetration -Power System Flexibility Can Reduce the Rate of VRE Value Decline All generation types are unique in some respect—bringing benefits and challenges to the power system—and wholesale markets, industry investments, and operational procedures have evolved over time to manage the characteristics of a changing generation fleet. With increased VRE penetrations, power system planners, operators, regulators, and policymakers will continue to be challenged to develop methods to smoothly and cost-effectively manage the reliable integration of these new and growing sources of electricity supply.« less

The Influence of Cement Morphology Parameters on the Strength of the Cement-Bone Interface in Tibial Tray Fixation.

PubMed

Nagel, Katrin; Bishop, Nicholas E; Schlegel, Ulf J; Püschel, Klaus; Morlock, Michael M

2017-02-01

The strength of the cement-bone interface in tibial component fixation depends on the morphology of the cement mantle. The purpose of this study was to identify thresholds of cement morphology parameters to maximize fixation strength using a minimum amount of cement. Twenty-three cadaveric tibiae were analyzed that had been implanted with tibial trays in previous studies and for which the pull-out strength of the tray had been measured. Specimens were separated into a group failing at the cement-bone interface (INTERFACE) and one failing in the bulk bone (BULK). Maximum pull-out strength corresponds to the ultimate strength of the bulk bone if the cement-bone interface is sufficiently strong. 3D models of the cement mantle in situ were reconstructed from computed tomography scans. The influences of bone mineral density and 6 cement morphology parameters (reflecting cement penetration, bone-cement interface, cement volume) on pull-out strength of the BULK group were determined using multiple regression analysis. The threshold of each parameter for classification of the specimens into either group was determined using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Cement penetration exceeding a mean of 1.1 mm or with a maximum of 5.6 mm exclusively categorized all BULK bone failure specimens. Failure strength of BULK failure specimens increased with bone mineral density (R 2  = 0.67, P < .001) but was independent of the cement morphology parameters. To maximize fixation strength, a mean cement penetration depth of at least 1.1 mm should be achieved during tibial tray cementing. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exosomes from bulk and stem cells from human prostate cancer have a differential microRNA content that contributes cooperatively over local and pre-metastatic niche.

PubMed

Sánchez, Catherine A; Andahur, Eliana I; Valenzuela, Rodrigo; Castellón, Enrique A; Fullá, Juan A; Ramos, Christian G; Triviño, Juan C

2016-01-26

The different prostate cancer (PCa) cell populations (bulk and cancer stem cells, CSCs) release exosomes that contain miRNAs that could modify the local or premetastatic niche. The analysis of the differential expression of miRNAs in exosomes allows evaluating the differential biological effect of both populations on the niche, and the identification of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Five PCa primary cell cultures were established to originate bulk and CSCs cultures. From them, exosomes were purified by precipitation for miRNAs extraction to perform a comparative profile of miRNAs by next generation sequencing in an Illumina platform. 1839 miRNAs were identified in the exosomes. Of these 990 were known miRNAs, from which only 19 were significantly differentially expressed: 6 were overexpressed in CSCs and 13 in bulk cells exosomes. miR-100-5p and miR-21-5p were the most abundant miRNAs. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that differentially expressed miRNAs are highly related with PCa carcinogenesis, fibroblast proliferation, differentiation and migration, and angiogenesis. Besides, miRNAs from bulk cells affects osteoblast differentiation. Later, their effect was evaluated in normal prostate fibroblasts (WPMY-1) where transfection with miR-100-5p, miR-21-5p and miR-139-5p increased the expression of metalloproteinases (MMPs) -2, -9 and -13 and RANKL and fibroblast migration. The higher effect was achieved with miR21 transfection. As conclusion, miRNAs have a differential pattern between PCa bulk and CSCs exosomes that act collaboratively in PCa progression and metastasis. The most abundant miRNAs in PCa exosomes are interesting potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Visualizing weakly bound surface Fermi arcs and their correspondence to bulk Weyl fermions

PubMed Central

Batabyal, Rajib; Morali, Noam; Avraham, Nurit; Sun, Yan; Schmidt, Marcus; Felser, Claudia; Stern, Ady; Yan, Binghai; Beidenkopf, Haim

2016-01-01

Fermi arcs are the surface manifestation of the topological nature of Weyl semimetals, enforced by the bulk-boundary correspondence with the bulk Weyl nodes. The surface of tantalum arsenide, similar to that of other members of the Weyl semimetal class, hosts nontopological bands that obscure the exploration of this correspondence. We use the spatial structure of the Fermi arc wave function, probed by scanning tunneling microscopy, as a spectroscopic tool to distinguish and characterize the surface Fermi arc bands. We find that, as opposed to nontopological states, the Fermi arc wave function is weakly affected by the surface potential: it spreads rather uniformly within the unit cell and penetrates deeper into the bulk. Fermi arcs reside predominantly on tantalum sites, from which the topological bulk bands are derived. Furthermore, we identify a correspondence between the Fermi arc dispersion and the energy and momentum of the bulk Weyl nodes that classify this material as topological. We obtain these results by introducing an analysis based on the role the Bloch wave function has in shaping quantum electronic interference patterns. It thus carries broader applicability to the study of other electronic systems and other physical processes. PMID:27551687

Integrated application of active controls (IAAC) technology to an advanced subsonic transport project. Conventional baseline configuration study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1980-01-01

Characteristics of the U.S. domestic fleet were evaluated to determine the mission characteristics that would have the most impact on U. S. transport fuel use in the future. This resulted in selection of a 197-passenger (plus cargo), about 3710-km (2000 nmi) mission. The existing data base was reviewed and additional analysis was conducted as necessary to complete the technical descriptions. The resulting baseline configuration utilizes a double-lobe, but nearly circular, body with seven-abreast seating. External characteristics feature an 8.71 aspect ratio, 31.5-degree sweep wing, a T-tail empennage, and a dual CF6-6D2, wing-mounted engine arrangement. It provides for 22 LD-2 or 11 LD-3 containers plus bulk cargo in the lower lobe. Passenger/cargo loading, servicing provisions, taxi/takeoff speeds, and field length characteristics are all compatible with accepted airline operations and regulatory provisions. The baseline configuration construction uses conventional aluminum structure except for advanced aluminum alloys and a limited amount of graphite epoxy secondary structure. Modern systems are used, including advanced guidance, navigation, and controls which emphasize application of digital electronics and advanced displays.

Renewable Electricity Futures Study. Volume 4: Bulk Electric Power Systems: Operations and Transmission Planning

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Milligan, M.; Ela, E.; Hein, J.

2012-06-01

The Renewable Electricity Futures (RE Futures) Study investigated the challenges and impacts of achieving very high renewable electricity generation levels in the contiguous United States by 2050. The analysis focused on the sufficiency of the geographically diverse U.S. renewable resources to meet electricity demand over future decades, the hourly operational characteristics of the U.S. grid with high levels of variable wind and solar generation, and the potential implications of deploying high levels of renewables in the future. RE Futures focused on technical aspects of high penetration of renewable electricity; it did not focus on how to achieve such a futuremore » through policy or other measures. Given the inherent uncertainties involved with analyzing alternative long-term energy futures as well as the multiple pathways that might be taken to achieve higher levels of renewable electricity supply, RE Futures explored a range of scenarios to investigate and compare the impacts of renewable electricity penetration levels (30%-90%), future technology performance improvements, potential constraints to renewable electricity development, and future electricity demand growth assumptions. RE Futures was led by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kalyoncu, R.S.; Boyer, J.P.; Snyder, M.J.

Partial data on the characterization of Well 0-1 (Christian County, Kentucky) shales were first reported in the Fifth Quarterly Technical Progress Report on January 1978. This report presents all the characterization data and its analysis on the 0-1 shales. Coring of Well 0-1 was accomplished in October 1976. A total of 17 samples were obtained, 13 for Battelle and 4 for other DOE Contractors. Methane is almost the sole hydrocarbon gas present in these shales, with higher chain hydrocarbon gases nearly nonexistent. An apparent increase in hydrocarbon gas contents with shale depth is observed. Other organic contents (in the formmore » of carbon and hydrogen) also show an increase with increasing shale depth. An increase in hydrocarbon gas contents with carbon and hydrogen contents is also noticeable. Natural gas, carbon and hydrogen contents all vary inversely with bulk densities. 0-1 shales show low mercury intrusion porosities and very low to negligible gas permeabilities. Lithology of these shales is very similar to those previously reported, quartz being the most abundant single mineral. Illite and kaolin are the major clay minerals with a number of carbonates (nahcolite, sortite, siderite) present in moderate quantities. Pyrite is also observed in significant quantities.« less

Hazard-evaluation and technical-assistance report No. ta-77-68, McDaniel Art Studio, Cincinnati, Ohio

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kronoveter, K.J.

1978-06-01

In response to a request from the McDaniel Art Studio, located in Cincinnati, Ohio, an investigation was made of possible hazardous working conditions at the site, specifically the exposure to dust during sculpturing. Air sampling revealed potential dust exposures as high as 50 mg/m3 of total dust while using a powered disc grinder to sculpt. The sculpting process involved grinding with a 6-inch electric disc grinder or using such hand tools as files and chisels. The sculptor used primarily limestone, marble, talc, and onyx, working about 6 hours per day. The talc sculpting stone showed the presence of asbestos onmore » bulk analysis. The sculptor wore safety glasses with side shields and an appropriate, approved respirator. An industrial vacuum cleaner was used for dust cleanup. The author recommends that the sculptor continue to use the NIOSH approved respirator and that, if possible, the disc grinder not be used on potential asbestos sources such as serpentine and talc. Wet working of the stone would reduce the dust levels significantly. Several precautionary measures are listed from a publication dealing with the health risks associated with common art and hobby materials.« less

49 CFR 20.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

28 CFR 69.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

6 CFR 9.23 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 311.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

7 CFR 3018.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

7 CFR 3018.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

12 CFR 411.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

10 CFR 601.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 1158.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

7 CFR 3018.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 519.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

15 CFR 28.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

15 CFR 28.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

20 CFR 438.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of a legal... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 311.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

34 CFR 82.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 138.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

20 CFR 438.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

43 CFR 18.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

12 CFR 411.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

7 CFR 3018.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

7 CFR 3018.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 138.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

6 CFR 9.23 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

6 CFR 9.23 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

20 CFR 438.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

6 CFR 9.23 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

15 CFR 28.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

43 CFR 18.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

7 CFR 3018.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

7 CFR 3018.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 519.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 227.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 1168.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 227.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

28 CFR 69.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

49 CFR 20.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

28 CFR 69.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

15 CFR 28.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

43 CFR 18.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 1158.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

28 CFR 69.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

7 CFR 3018.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 138.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

20 CFR 438.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of a legal... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

34 CFR 82.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

12 CFR 411.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

20 CFR 438.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of a legal... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 1168.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 311.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 1158.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 1168.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

10 CFR 601.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 227.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

34 CFR 82.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

20 CFR 438.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 519.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

12 CFR 411.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting of... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

Why and How to Advance Technical Copywriting.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henson, Leigh

1996-01-01

States that promotional writing for industrial/high-tech products, or technical copywriting, is gaining more attention in technical communication, although it is neglected in higher education. Testifies to the significance of technical copywriting. Suggests that dialogical audience analysis and an emphasis on rational appeal will contribute to…

Resource Planning Model | Energy Analysis | NREL

Science.gov Websites

balancing authority. An image of a overlapping circles labelled Resource, Technical, Economic, and Market competing electricity technologies. An image of a overlapping circles labelled Resource, Technical, Economic ; Federal Resource Planning. Volume 1: Sectoral, Technical, and Economic Trends, NREL Technical Report (2016

48 CFR 915.404-2 - Information to support proposal analysis.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... for the auditor's review. (ii) Copies of technical analysis reports prepared by DOE technical or other... proposal analysis. 915.404-2 Section 915.404-2 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY... support proposal analysis. (a)(1) Field pricing assistance as discussed in FAR 15.404-2(a) is not required...

Analytical Chemistry Division. Annual progress report for period ending December 31, 1980

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lyon, W.S.

1981-05-01

This report is divided into: analytical methodology; mass and emission spectrometry; technical support; bio/organic analysis; nuclear and radiochemical analysis; quality assurance, safety, and tabulation of analyses; supplementary activities; and presentation of research results. Separate abstracts were prepared for the technical support, bio/organic analysis, and nuclear and radiochemical analysis. (DLC)

Broadband analysis of landslides seismic signal : example of the Oso-Steelhead landslide and other recent events

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hibert, C.; Stark, C. P.; Ekstrom, G.

2014-12-01

Landslide failures on the scale of mountains are spectacular, dangerous, and spontaneous, making direct observations hard to obtain. Measurement of their dynamic properties during runout is a high research priority, but a logistical and technical challenge. Seismology has begun to help in several important ways. Taking advantage of broadband seismic stations, recent advances now allow: (i) the seismic detection and location of large landslides in near-real-time, even for events in very remote areas that may have remain undetected, such as the 2014 Mt La Perouse supraglacial failure in Alaska; (ii) inversion of long-period waves generated by large landslides to yield an estimate of the forces imparted by the bulk accelerating mass; (iii) inference of the landslide mass, its center-of-mass velocity over time, and its trajectory.Key questions persist, such as: What can the short-period seismic data tell us about the high-frequency impacts taking place within the granular flow and along its boundaries with the underlying bedrock? And how does this seismicity relate to the bulk acceleration of the landslide and the long-period seismicity generated by it?Our recent work on the joint analysis of short- and long-period seismic signals generated by past and recent events, such as the Bingham Canyon Mine and the Oso-Steelhead landslides, provides new insights to tackle these issues. Qualitative comparison between short-period signal features and kinematic parameters inferred from long-period surface wave inversion helps to refine interpretation of the source dynamics and to understand the different mechanisms for the origin of the short-period wave radiation. Our new results also suggest that quantitative relationships can be derived from this joint analysis, in particular between the short-period seismic signal envelope and the inferred momentum of the center-of-mass. In the future, these quantitative relationships may help to constrain and calibrate parameters used in inversion or simulation of long-period waves generated by landslides. Relating the center-of-mass dynamics to the short-period seismic signal might also yield a new means to estimate kinematic parameters for the smaller events that generate too weak long-period seismic waves to allow inversion or simulation of the seismic source.

Technical Skill Attainment and Post-Program Outcomes: An Analysis of Pennsylvania Secondary Career and Technical Education Graduates

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Staklis, Sandra; Klein, Steven

2010-01-01

Since the mid-1990s, the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) has required all students concentrating in career and technical education (CTE) programs to complete a standardized technical skill assessment at or near the end of their program. Results of technical skill assessments are used for a number of purposes, including recognizing…

Predictors of employer satisfaction: technical and non-technical skills.

PubMed

Danielson, Jared A; Wu, Tsui-Feng; Fales-Williams, Amanda J; Kirk, Ryan A; Preast, Vanessa A

2012-01-01

Employers of 2007-2009 graduates from Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine were asked to respond to a survey regarding their overall satisfaction with their new employees as well as their new employees' preparation in several technical and non-technical skill areas. Seventy-five responses contained complete data and were used in the analysis. Four technical skill areas (data collection, data interpretation, planning, and taking action) and five non-technical skill areas (interpersonal skills, ability to deal with legal issues, business skills, making referrals, and problem solving) were identified. All of the skill area subscales listed above had appropriate reliability (Cronbach's alpha>0.70) and were positively and significantly correlated with overall employer satisfaction. Results of two simultaneous regression analyses indicated that of the four technical skill areas, taking action is the most salient predictor of employer satisfaction. Of the five non-technical skill areas, interpersonal skills, business skills, making referrals, and problem solving were the most important skills in predicting employer satisfaction. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that all technical skills explained 25% of the variation in employer satisfaction; non-technical skills explained an additional 42% of the variation in employer satisfaction.

Orchestrating Bulk Data Movement in Grid Environments

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vazhkudai, SS

2005-01-25

Data Grids provide a convenient environment for researchers to manage and access massively distributed bulk data by addressing several system and transfer challenges inherent to these environments. This work addresses issues involved in the efficient selection and access of replicated data in Grid environments in the context of the Globus Toolkit{trademark}, building middleware that (1) selects datasets in highly replicated environments, enabling efficient scheduling of data transfer requests; (2) predicts transfer times of bulk wide-area data transfers using extensive statistical analysis; and (3) co-allocates bulk data transfer requests, enabling parallel downloads from mirrored sites. These efforts have demonstrated a decentralizedmore » data scheduling architecture, a set of forecasting tools that predict bandwidth availability within 15% error and co-allocation architecture, and heuristics that expedites data downloads by up to 2 times.« less

Effects of Soluble Surfactant on Lateral Migration of a Bubble in a Shear Flow

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muradoglu, Metin; Tryggvason, Gretar

2014-11-01

Motivated by the recent experimental study of Takagi et al. (2008), direct numerical simulations are performed to examine effects of soluble surfactant on the lateral migration of a deformable bubble in a pressure-driven channel flow. The interfacial and bulk surfactant concentration evolution equations are solved fully coupled with the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. A non-linear equation of state is used to relate interfacial surface tension to surfactant concentration at the interface. A multiscale method is developed to handle the mass exchange between the interface and bulk fluid at high Peclet numbers, using a boundary-layer approximation next to the bubble and a relatively coarse grid for the rest of the flow. It is found that the surfactant induced Marangoni stresses can dominate over the shear-induced lift force and thus alter the behavior of the bubble completely, i.e., the contaminated bubble drifts away from the channel wall and stabilizes at the center of the channel in contrast with the corresponding clean bubble that drifts toward the wall and stabilizes near the wall. The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), Grant 112M181 and Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA).

Bulk silica NIR blazed transmission gratings made by Silios technologies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Caillat, Amandine; Pascal, Sandrine; Tisserand, Stéphane; Dohlen, Kjetil; Grange, Robert; Sauget, Vincent; Gautier, Sophie

2017-11-01

In order to study the dark universe (energy and matter), EUCLID space mission will collect near infrared spectra and images of millions of galaxies. This massive measurement survey requires a slitless spectroscopic channel including GRISMs (for "Grating pRISMs") in NISP (Near Infrared SpectroPhotometer). Very special technical specifications are required for the grating manufacturing: large aperture, low groove frequency and blaze angle, line curvature. In addition, it has to withstand space environment. Therefore, in the frame of a R&D project funded by the CNES, we developed bulk silica gratings in close collaboration with the French company SILIOS Technologies. SILIOS delivered two resin-free blazed gratings with curved lines engraved directly into the fused silica substrate of 80mm and 108mm useful aperture. At LAM, we measured very high optical performances of these prototypes: <80% transmitted efficiency, <30nm RMS wavefront error, groove shape and roughness very close to theory and uniform over the useful aperture. In this paper, we give specifications of these gratings, we describe the manufacturing process developed by SILIOS Technologies, we present briefly optical setups and models allowing optical performances verifications at LAM and we show very encouraging results obtained on the two gratings.

[NASA/DOD Aerospace Knowledge Diffusion Research Project. Report 2:] Technical communications in aeronautics: Results of an exploratory study. An analysis of managers' and nonmanagers' responses

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pinelli, Thomas E.; Glassman, Myron; Barclay, Rebecca O.; Oliu, Walter E.

1989-01-01

Data collected from an exploratory study concerned with the technical communications practices of aerospace engineers and scientists were analyzed to test the primary assumption that aerospace managers and nonmanagers have different technical communications practices. Five assumptions were established for the analysis. Aerospace managers and nonmanagers were found to have different technical communications practices for three of the five assumptions tested. Although aerospace managers and nonmanagers were found to have different technical communications practices, the evidence was neither conclusive nor compelling that the presumption of difference in practices could be attributed to the duties performed by aerospace managers and nonmanagers.

43 CFR 18.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

28 CFR 69.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

6 CFR 9.15 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

13 CFR 146.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... services shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline... influence made by an engineer providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a...

15 CFR 28.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 604.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

18 CFR 1315.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

18 CFR 1315.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 93.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... services shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline... influence made by an engineer providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a...

45 CFR 604.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

13 CFR 146.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... services shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline... influence made by an engineer providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a...

12 CFR 411.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a legal... engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not allowable under this...

28 CFR 69.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

13 CFR 146.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

31 CFR 21.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

6 CFR 9.15 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

18 CFR 1315.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 712.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

40 CFR 34.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

28 CFR 69.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

43 CFR 18.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 712.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

15 CFR 28.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

40 CFR 34.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

31 CFR 21.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 93.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... services shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline... influence made by an engineer providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a...

45 CFR 93.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

14 CFR 1271.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 93.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... services shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline... influence made by an engineer providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a...

45 CFR 1158.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a legal... engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not allowable under this...

13 CFR 146.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

31 CFR 21.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

15 CFR 28.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 604.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

43 CFR 18.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

14 CFR 1271.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

6 CFR 9.15 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

40 CFR 34.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

15 CFR 28.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

12 CFR 411.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a legal... engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not allowable under this...

18 CFR 1315.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

28 CFR 69.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 93.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

13 CFR 146.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 1158.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a legal... engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not allowable under this...

45 CFR 1158.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a legal... engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not allowable under this...

13 CFR 146.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... services shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline... influence made by an engineer providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a...

6 CFR 9.15 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 93.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

22 CFR 712.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

...” shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 93.205 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For... providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not...

45 CFR 93.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... services shall be limited to advice and analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline... influence made by an engineer providing an engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a...

12 CFR 411.300 - Professional and technical services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... analysis directly applying any professional or technical discipline. For example, drafting or a legal... engineering analysis prior to the preparation or submission of a bid or proposal are not allowable under this...