36 CFR § 1237.30 - How do agencies manage records on nitrocellulose-base and cellulose-acetate base film?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2013-07-01 2012-07-01 true How do agencies manage records on nitrocellulose-base and cellulose-acetate base film? § 1237.30 Section § 1237.30 Parks, Forests..., CARTOGRAPHIC, AND RELATED RECORDS MANAGEMENT § 1237.30 How do agencies manage records on nitrocellulose-base...

14. Historic American Buildings Survey. Copy of plan of Fort ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

14. Historic American Buildings Survey. Copy of plan of Fort McHenry, November 9, 1803, authorship unknown. National Archives, Records of the War Department, Cartographic Section, Record Group 77, drawer 51, sheet 1. - Fort McHenry National Monument & Historic Shrine, East Fort Avenue at Whetstone Point, Baltimore, Independent City, MD

16. Historic American Buildings Survey. Portion of a plan of ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

16. Historic American Buildings Survey. Portion of a plan of Fort McHenry, by William Tell Poussin, 1819, National Archives, Records of the War Department, Cartographic Section, Record Group 77, drawer 51, sheet 2. Plan of fort and enclosed buildings. - Fort McHenry National Monument & Historic Shrine, East Fort Avenue at Whetstone Point, Baltimore, Independent City, MD

Photocopy of drawing (from PAFB Real Property Records Office) Cartographer ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photocopy of drawing (from PAFB -Real Property Records Office) Cartographer Unknown, 1994 1978 PLATTSBURGH AIR FORCE BASE LAND USE MAP - Plattsburgh Air Force Base, U.S. Route 9, Plattsburgh, Clinton County, NY

Photocopy of drawing (from PAFB Real Property Records Office) Cartographer ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photocopy of drawing (from PAFB -Real Property Records Office) Cartographer Unknown, 1994 1993 PLATTSBURGH AIR FORCE BASE LAND USE MAP - Plattsburgh Air Force Base, U.S. Route 9, Plattsburgh, Clinton County, NY

Photocopy of drawing (from PAFB Real Property Records Office) Cartographer ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photocopy of drawing (from PAFB -Real Property Records Office) Cartographer Unknown, 1994 1958 PLATTSBURGH AIR FORCE BASE LAND USE MAP - Plattsburgh Air Force Base, U.S. Route 9, Plattsburgh, Clinton County, NY

Photocopy of drawing (from PAFB Real Property Records Office) Cartographer ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photocopy of drawing (from PAFB -Real Property Records Office) Cartographer Unknown, 1994 1943 PLATTSBURGH AIR FORCE BASE LAND USE MAP - Plattsburgh Air Force Base, U.S. Route 9, Plattsburgh, Clinton County, NY

Mapping the world: cartographic and geographic visualization by the United Nations Geospatial Information Section (formerly Cartographic Section)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kagawa, Ayako; Le Sourd, Guillaume

2018-05-01

United Nations Secretariat activities, mapping began in 1946, and by 1951, the need for maps increased and an office with a team of cartographers was established. Since then, with the development of technologies including internet, remote sensing, unmanned aerial systems, relationship database management and information systems, geospatial information provides an ever-increasing variation of support to the work of the Organization for planning of operations, decision-making and monitoring of crises. However, the need for maps has remained intact. This presentation aims to highlight some of the cartographic representation styles over the decades by reviewing the evolution of selected maps by the office, and noting the changing cognitive and semiotic aspects of cartographic and geographic visualization required by the United Nations. Through presentation and analysis of these maps, the changing dynamics of the Organization in information management can be reflected, with a reminder of the continuing and expanding deconstructionist role of a cartographer, now geospatial information management experts.

IFLA General Conference, 1984. Special Libraries Division. Section on Geography and Map Libraries. Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

This document comprises two papers on geography and map libraries and cartographic materials which were presented at the 1984 IFLA general conference. "Cartographic Materials as a Resource for National and Regional Planning and Development," by E. Hans van de Waal (Utrecht), addresses the importance of cartographic materials for…

Lunar cartographic dossier, volume 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schimerman, L. A. (Editor)

1975-01-01

The dossier is designed to provide an up to date summary of the extent and quality of cartographic information as well as describing materials available to support lunar scientific investigation and study. It covers the specific photographic, selenodetic and cartographic data considered to be of continuing significance to users of lunar cartographic information. Historical background data is included. Descriptive and evaluative information is presented concerning lunar maps, photomaps and photo mosaics. Discussion comprises identification of series or individual sheet characteristics, control basis, source materials and compilation methodology used. The global, regional and local selenodetic control are described which were produced for lunar feature location in support of lunar mapping or positional study. Further discussion covers the fundamental basis for each control system, number of points produced, techniques employed and evaluated accuracy. Although lunar photography is an informational source rather than a cartographic product, a photography section was included to facilitate correlation to the mapping and control works described. Description of lunar photographic systems, photography and photo support data are presented from a cartographic-photogrammetric viewpoint with commentary on cartographic applications.

Application of the 1:2,000,000-scale data base: A National Atlas sectional prototype

USGS Publications Warehouse

Dixon, Donna M.

1985-01-01

A study of the potential to produce a National Atlas sectional prototype from the 1:2,000,000-scale data base was concluded recently by the National Mapping Division, U. S. Geological Survey. This paper discusses the specific digital cartographic production procedures involved in the preparation of the prototype map, as well as the theoretical and practical cartographic framework for the study. Such items as data organization, data classification, digital techniques, data conversions, and modification of traditional design specifications for an automated environment are discussed. The bulk of the cartographic work for the production of the prototype was carried out in raster format on the Scitex Response-250 mapping system.

36 CFR 1237.20 - What are special considerations in the maintenance of audiovisual records?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT AUDIOVISUAL, CARTOGRAPHIC, AND RELATED RECORDS MANAGEMENT § 1237.20 What are special considerations in the maintenance of audiovisual... practices. (b) Protect audiovisual records, including those recorded on digital media or magnetic sound or...

36 CFR 1237.20 - What are special considerations in the maintenance of audiovisual records?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT AUDIOVISUAL, CARTOGRAPHIC, AND RELATED RECORDS MANAGEMENT § 1237.20 What are special considerations in the maintenance of audiovisual... practices. (b) Protect audiovisual records, including those recorded on digital media or magnetic sound or...

NATIONAL CARTOGRAPHIC INFORMATION CENTER: AN INFORMATION RESOURCE ON MAPPING PRODUCTS FOR THE NATION.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Stevens, Alan R.

1985-01-01

Since its inception in 1974 the National Cartographic Information Center (NCIC), US Geological Survey, has rapidly developed to become a focal point for providing information on the availability of cartographic data, including maps/charts, aerial photographs, satellite imagery, geodetic control, digital mapping data, map materials and related cartographic products. In early years NCIC concentrated its efforts on encoding and entering several major National Mapping Division record collections into its systems. NCIC is now stressing the acquisition of data from sources outside the National Mapping Division, including 37 Federal agencies and more than a thousand State and private institutions. A critical review has recently been conducted by NCIC of its systems with the aim of improving its efficiency and levels of operation. Several activities which resulted include improving its existing networks, refinement of digital data distribution, study of new storage media and related projects.

36 CFR § 1237.20 - What are special considerations in the maintenance of audiovisual records?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT AUDIOVISUAL, CARTOGRAPHIC, AND RELATED RECORDS MANAGEMENT § 1237.20 What are special considerations in the maintenance of... industry practices. (b) Protect audiovisual records, including those recorded on digital media or magnetic...

Photocopy of plan (in U.S. Army office of Army Engineers ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photocopy of plan (in U.S. Army office of Army Engineers plans and drawings, Fort Hancock and Sandy hook proving ground, record group 7, drawer 44, Cartographic and Architectural branc, The National Archives, Washington, DC), cartographer unknown, title unknown, March 28, 1892 1890 lifesaving station shown near fort and beach, no boathouse near engineer's wharf - U.S. Coast Guard Sandy Hook Station, Western Docking Structure, West of intersection of Canfield Road & Hartshorne Drive, Highlands, Monmouth County, NJ

Theory-Based Cartographic Risk Model Development and Application for Home Fire Safety.

PubMed

Furmanek, Stephen; Lehna, Carlee; Hanchette, Carol

There is a gap in the use of predictive risk models to identify areas at risk for home fires and burn injury. The purpose of this study was to describe the creation, validation, and application of such a model using a sample from an intervention study with parents of newborns in Jefferson County, KY, as an example. Performed was a literature search to identify risk factors for home fires and burn injury in the target population. Obtained from the American Community Survey at the census tract level and synthesized to create a predictive cartographic risk model was risk factor data. Model validation was performed through correlation, regression, and Moran's I with fire incidence data from open records. Independent samples t-tests were used to examine the model in relation to geocoded participant addresses. Participant risk level for fire rate was determined and proximity to fire station service areas and hospitals. The model showed high and severe risk clustering in the northwest section of the county. Strongly correlated with fire rate was modeled risk; the best predictive model for fire risk contained home value (low), race (black), and non high school graduates. Applying the model to the intervention sample, the majority of participants were at lower risk and mostly within service areas closest to a fire department and hospital. Cartographic risk models were useful in identifying areas at risk and analyzing participant risk level. The methods outlined in this study are generalizable to other public health issues.

Aerial photography summary record system - five years later.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Lauterborn, T.J.

1980-01-01

Describes the APSRS, an automated information system for conventional aerial photography projects, established after the formation of the National Cartographic Information Center in the US Geological Survey in 1974. -after Author

FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization (PostScript Implementation)

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2006-01-01

PLEASE NOTE: This now-approved 'FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization (PostScript Implementation)' officially supercedes its earlier (2000) Public Review Draft version (see 'Earlier Versions of the Standard' below). In August 2006, the Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization was officially endorsed by the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) as the national standard for the digital cartographic representation of geologic map features (FGDC Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006). Presented herein is the PostScript Implementation of the standard, which will enable users to directly apply the symbols in the standard to geologic maps and illustrations prepared in desktop illustration and (or) publishing software. The FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization contains descriptions, examples, cartographic specifications, and notes on usage for a wide variety of symbols that may be used on typical, general-purpose geologic maps and related products such as cross sections. The standard also can be used for different kinds of special-purpose or derivative map products and databases that may be focused on a specific geoscience topic (for example, slope stability) or class of features (for example, a fault map). The standard is scale-independent, meaning that the symbols are appropriate for use with geologic mapping compiled or published at any scale. It will be useful to anyone who either produces or uses geologic map information, whether in analog or digital form. Please be aware that this standard is not intended to be used inflexibly or in a manner that will limit one's ability to communicate the observations and interpretations gained from geologic mapping. In certain situations, a symbol or its usage might need to be modified in order to better represent a particular feature on a geologic map or cross section. This standard allows the use of any symbol that doesn't conflict with others in the standard, provided that it is clearly explained on the map and in the database. In addition, modifying the size, color, and (or) lineweight of an existing symbol to suit the needs of a particular map or output device also is permitted, provided that the modified symbol's appearance is not too similar to another symbol on the map. Be aware, however, that reducing lineweights below .125 mm (.005 inch) may cause symbols to plot incorrectly if output at higher resolutions (1800 dpi or higher). For guidelines on symbol usage, as well as on color design and map labeling, please refer to the standard's introductory text. Also found there are informational sections covering concepts of geologic mapping and some definitions of geologic map features, as well as sections on the newly defined concepts and terminology for the scientific confidence and locational accuracy of geologic map features. More information on both the past development and the future maintenance of the FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization can be found at the FGDC Geologic Data Subcommittee website (http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/fgdc_gds/). Earlier Versions of the Standard

Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements: 2006

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-01-01

of Mars is that specified in the final MOLA Mission Experiment Gridded Data Record (MEGDR) Products (Smith et al. 2003). In particular, the 128...Altimeter Mission Experiment Gridded Data Record. NASA Planetary Data System, MGS-M- MOLA -5-MEGDR-L3-V1.0, 2003. Available on-line from http://pds

Cartographic Communication and Information Policy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van de Waal, E. Hans

Trends in information policy are discussed as they impact on cartographic information, stressing particularly the relationships between cartographic communication, documentation, and policy making. Distinction is made between cartographic communication as a subject for information policy and cartographic communication as an expedient in public…

Cartographic symbol library considering symbol relations based on anti-aliasing graphic library

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mei, Yang; Li, Lin

2007-06-01

Cartographic visualization represents geographic information with a map form, which enables us retrieve useful geospatial information. In digital environment, cartographic symbol library is the base of cartographic visualization and is an essential component of Geographic Information System as well. Existing cartographic symbol libraries have two flaws. One is the display quality and the other one is relations adjusting. Statistic data presented in this paper indicate that the aliasing problem is a major factor on the symbol display quality on graphic display devices. So, effective graphic anti-aliasing methods based on a new anti-aliasing algorithm are presented and encapsulated in an anti-aliasing graphic library with the form of Component Object Model. Furthermore, cartographic visualization should represent feature relation in the way of correctly adjusting symbol relations besides displaying an individual feature. But current cartographic symbol libraries don't have this capability. This paper creates a cartographic symbol design model to implement symbol relations adjusting. Consequently the cartographic symbol library based on this design model can provide cartographic visualization with relations adjusting capability. The anti-aliasing graphic library and the cartographic symbol library are sampled and the results prove that the two libraries both have better efficiency and effect.

Cartographic potential of SPOT image data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Welch, R.

1985-01-01

In late 1985, the SPOT (Systeme Probatoire d'Observation de la Terre) satellite is to be launched by the Ariane rocket from French Guiana. This satellite will have two High Resolution Visible (HRV) line array sensor systems which are capable of providing monoscopic and stereoscopic coverage of the earth. Cartographic applications are related to the recording of stereo image data and the acquisition of 20-m data in a multispectral mode. One of the objectives of this study involves a comparison of the suitability of SPOT and TM image data for mapping urban land use/cover. Another objective is concerned with a preliminary assessment of the potential of SPOT image data for map revision when merged with conventional map sheets converted to raster formats.

EyeTribe Tracker Data Accuracy Evaluation and Its Interconnection with Hypothesis Software for Cartographic Purposes.

PubMed

Popelka, Stanislav; Stachoň, Zdeněk; Šašinka, Čeněk; Doležalová, Jitka

2016-01-01

The mixed research design is a progressive methodological discourse that combines the advantages of quantitative and qualitative methods. Its possibilities of application are, however, dependent on the efficiency with which the particular research techniques are used and combined. The aim of the paper is to introduce the possible combination of Hypothesis with EyeTribe tracker. The Hypothesis is intended for quantitative data acquisition and the EyeTribe is intended for qualitative (eye-tracking) data recording. In the first part of the paper, Hypothesis software is described. The Hypothesis platform provides an environment for web-based computerized experiment design and mass data collection. Then, evaluation of the accuracy of data recorded by EyeTribe tracker was performed with the use of concurrent recording together with the SMI RED 250 eye-tracker. Both qualitative and quantitative results showed that data accuracy is sufficient for cartographic research. In the third part of the paper, a system for connecting EyeTribe tracker and Hypothesis software is presented. The interconnection was performed with the help of developed web application HypOgama. The created system uses open-source software OGAMA for recording the eye-movements of participants together with quantitative data from Hypothesis. The final part of the paper describes the integrated research system combining Hypothesis and EyeTribe.

EyeTribe Tracker Data Accuracy Evaluation and Its Interconnection with Hypothesis Software for Cartographic Purposes

PubMed Central

Stachoň, Zdeněk; Šašinka, Čeněk; Doležalová, Jitka

2016-01-01

The mixed research design is a progressive methodological discourse that combines the advantages of quantitative and qualitative methods. Its possibilities of application are, however, dependent on the efficiency with which the particular research techniques are used and combined. The aim of the paper is to introduce the possible combination of Hypothesis with EyeTribe tracker. The Hypothesis is intended for quantitative data acquisition and the EyeTribe is intended for qualitative (eye-tracking) data recording. In the first part of the paper, Hypothesis software is described. The Hypothesis platform provides an environment for web-based computerized experiment design and mass data collection. Then, evaluation of the accuracy of data recorded by EyeTribe tracker was performed with the use of concurrent recording together with the SMI RED 250 eye-tracker. Both qualitative and quantitative results showed that data accuracy is sufficient for cartographic research. In the third part of the paper, a system for connecting EyeTribe tracker and Hypothesis software is presented. The interconnection was performed with the help of developed web application HypOgama. The created system uses open-source software OGAMA for recording the eye-movements of participants together with quantitative data from Hypothesis. The final part of the paper describes the integrated research system combining Hypothesis and EyeTribe. PMID:27087805

National Cartographic Information Center

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1984-01-01

The National Cartographic Information Center (NCIC) exists to help you find maps of all kinds and much of the data and materials used to compile and to print them. NCIC collects, sorts and describes all types of cartographic information from Federal, State and local government agencies and, where possible, from private companies in the mapping business. It is the public's primary source for cartographic information. (See partial list of Federal agencies and their map and other cartographic products.)

I.D.G. Bulletin 1979/80.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meijer, Henk, Comp.

This document focuses on the history and organization of physical planning in the Netherlands. It is part of a series of bulletins on the human and physical geography of the Netherlands. Information, presented in expository, tabular, photographic, and cartographic form, is arranged in four major sections. Section I, which contains the bulk of the…

4 NCIC Data Acquisition Guide

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1979-01-01

The National Cartographic Information Center (NCIC) is the information branch of the National Mapping Program. NCIC gathers descriptions of cartographic products held by Federal, State and local agencies, and private companies. Computerized information systems are used to edit, store, and distribute these descriptions. The Aerial Photography Summary Record System (APSRS) is NCIC's system for determining if photographs of a particular area, with a particular set of characteristics, are available, and if so, where they can be found. This guide defines the procedures for planning and conducting visits to potential contributors to the APSRS data base. The guide also defines acquisition responsibilities of the contributor, State affiliates, mapping centers, and NCIC headquarters. As a Data Acquisition specialist, you are encouraged to seek innovative approaches to acquiring data and to suggest additions or changes to this guide.

Development of Competence and Performance in Cartographic Language by Children at the Concrete Level of Map-Reasoning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gerber, Rodney Victor

This dissertation examines development of children's skills at map using and free-recall map sketching, with particular emphasis on map reasoning, competence in cartographic language, and performance in cartographic language. Cartographic language (the broad range of line, point, and area signs and map elements) is interpreted as the means by…

36 CFR 1235.42 - What specifications and standards for transfer apply to audiovisual records, cartographic, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... exist. (2) Agency-acquired motion picture films: Two projection prints in good condition or one projection print and one videotape. (3) Unedited footage, outtakes, and trims (the discards of film...: (1) Existing finding aids such as data sheets, shot lists, continuities, review sheets, catalogs...

36 CFR 1235.42 - What specifications and standards for transfer apply to audiovisual records, cartographic, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... exist. (2) Agency-acquired motion picture films: Two projection prints in good condition or one projection print and one videotape. (3) Unedited footage, outtakes, and trims (the discards of film...: (1) Existing finding aids such as data sheets, shot lists, continuities, review sheets, catalogs...

36 CFR § 1235.42 - What specifications and standards for transfer apply to audiovisual records, cartographic, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... exist. (2) Agency-acquired motion picture films: Two projection prints in good condition or one projection print and one videotape. (3) Unedited footage, outtakes, and trims (the discards of film...: (1) Existing finding aids such as data sheets, shot lists, continuities, review sheets, catalogs...

36 CFR 1235.42 - What specifications and standards for transfer apply to audiovisual records, cartographic, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... exist. (2) Agency-acquired motion picture films: Two projection prints in good condition or one projection print and one videotape. (3) Unedited footage, outtakes, and trims (the discards of film...: (1) Existing finding aids such as data sheets, shot lists, continuities, review sheets, catalogs...

36 CFR 1235.42 - What specifications and standards for transfer apply to audiovisual records, cartographic, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... exist. (2) Agency-acquired motion picture films: Two projection prints in good condition or one projection print and one videotape. (3) Unedited footage, outtakes, and trims (the discards of film...: (1) Existing finding aids such as data sheets, shot lists, continuities, review sheets, catalogs...

Applied cartographic communication: map symbolization for atlases.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Morrison, J.L.

1984-01-01

A detailed investigation of the symbolization used on general-purpose atlas reference maps. It indicates how theories of cartographic communication can be put into practice. Two major points emerge. First, that a logical scheme can be constructed from existing cartographic research and applied to an analysis of the choice of symbolization on a map. Second, the same structure appears to allow the cartographer to specify symbolization as a part of map design. An introductory review of cartographic communication is followed by an analysis of selected maps' usage of point, area and line symbols, boundaries, text and colour usage.-after Author

7 CFR 611.21 - Availability of aerial photography.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Availability of aerial photography. 611.21 Section 611.21 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION OPERATIONS SOIL SURVEYS Cartographic Operations...

7 CFR 611.22 - Availability of satellite imagery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Availability of satellite imagery. 611.22 Section 611.22 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION OPERATIONS SOIL SURVEYS Cartographic Operations...

7 CFR 611.20 - Function.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Function. 611.20 Section 611.20 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION OPERATIONS SOIL SURVEYS Cartographic Operations § 611.20 Function. The NRCS National...

7 CFR 611.20 - Function.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Function. 611.20 Section 611.20 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION OPERATIONS SOIL SURVEYS Cartographic Operations § 611.20 Function. The NRCS National...

7 CFR 611.21 - Availability of aerial photography.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Availability of aerial photography. 611.21 Section 611.21 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION OPERATIONS SOIL SURVEYS Cartographic Operations...

7 CFR 611.21 - Availability of aerial photography.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Availability of aerial photography. 611.21 Section 611.21 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION OPERATIONS SOIL SURVEYS Cartographic Operations...

7 CFR 611.21 - Availability of aerial photography.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Availability of aerial photography. 611.21 Section 611.21 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION OPERATIONS SOIL SURVEYS Cartographic Operations...

7 CFR 611.20 - Function.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Function. 611.20 Section 611.20 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION OPERATIONS SOIL SURVEYS Cartographic Operations § 611.20 Function. The NRCS National...

7 CFR 611.20 - Function.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Function. 611.20 Section 611.20 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION OPERATIONS SOIL SURVEYS Cartographic Operations § 611.20 Function. The NRCS National...

7 CFR 611.22 - Availability of satellite imagery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Availability of satellite imagery. 611.22 Section 611.22 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION OPERATIONS SOIL SURVEYS Cartographic Operations...

7 CFR 611.22 - Availability of satellite imagery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Availability of satellite imagery. 611.22 Section 611.22 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION OPERATIONS SOIL SURVEYS Cartographic Operations...

7 CFR 611.22 - Availability of satellite imagery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Availability of satellite imagery. 611.22 Section 611.22 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION OPERATIONS SOIL SURVEYS Cartographic Operations...

7 CFR 611.20 - Function.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Function. 611.20 Section 611.20 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION OPERATIONS SOIL SURVEYS Cartographic Operations § 611.20 Function. The NRCS National...

7 CFR 611.22 - Availability of satellite imagery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Availability of satellite imagery. 611.22 Section 611.22 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION OPERATIONS SOIL SURVEYS Cartographic Operations...

7 CFR 611.21 - Availability of aerial photography.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Availability of aerial photography. 611.21 Section 611.21 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CONSERVATION OPERATIONS SOIL SURVEYS Cartographic Operations...

Some thoughts on cartographic and geographic information systems for the 1980's

USGS Publications Warehouse

Starr, L.E.; Anderson, Kirk E.

1981-01-01

The U.S. Geological Survey is adopting computer techniques to meet the expanding need for cartographic base category data. Digital methods are becoming increasingly important in the mapmaking process, and the demand is growing for physical, social, and economic data. Recognizing these emerging needs, the National Mapping Division began, several years ago, an active program to develop advanced digital methods to support cartographic and geographic data processing. An integrated digital cartographic database would meet the anticipated needs. Such a database would contain data from various sources, and could provide a variety of standard and customized map and digital data file products. This cartographic database soon will be technologically feasible. The present trends in the economics of cartographic and geographic data handling and the growing needs for integrated physical, social, and economic data make such a database virtually mandatory.

Map templates in a European Research program: emerging consensus, without compromising cartographic innovation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zanin, Christine; Ysebaert, Ronan

2018-05-01

Maps are produced to represent geography and spatial organization of natural or human features. They deliver spatial forms where each graphic object have its influence and can change the perceived message. The cartographic realization participates to the geographical analyzes and helps their memorization. Adding innovation to this achievement ensures a perception and understanding of the scientific information delivered. The question is to understand what innovation is, when we speak about cartography. The underpinnings of the design and delivery of these representations are surely linked to developments in theory and technology applied to the geosciences, but not only. The purpose of this paper is to offer some ideas on the influence of an institutional framework on innovation and the relevance of a cartographic realization. Based on the example of the cartographic models construction in the framework of the research projects financed by the ESPON (European Observation Network for Territorial Development and Cohesion) Programme, we try to show how a framework that is too strict and fixed upstream of cartographic design can lead to a homogeneous and stereotyped production, without innovation or simply cartographic originality. In conclusion, we show how a close negotiation between funders and cartographers can help to evolve the cartographic scheme in place. Several proposals are put forward.

The future of human cerebral cartography: a novel approach

PubMed Central

Frackowiak, Richard; Markram, Henry

2015-01-01

Cerebral cartography can be understood in a limited, static, neuroanatomical sense. Temporal information from electrical recordings contributes information on regional interactions adding a functional dimension. Selective tagging and imaging of molecules adds biochemical contributions. Cartographic detail can also be correlated with normal or abnormal psychological or behavioural data. Modern cerebral cartography is assimilating all these elements. Cartographers continue to collect ever more precise data in the hope that general principles of organization will emerge. However, even detailed cartographic data cannot generate knowledge without a multi-scale framework making it possible to relate individual observations and discoveries. We propose that, in the next quarter century, advances in cartography will result in progressively more accurate drafts of a data-led, multi-scale model of human brain structure and function. These blueprints will result from analysis of large volumes of neuroscientific and clinical data, by a process of reconstruction, modelling and simulation. This strategy will capitalize on remarkable recent developments in informatics and computer science and on the existence of much existing, addressable data and prior, though fragmented, knowledge. The models will instantiate principles that govern how the brain is organized at different levels and how different spatio-temporal scales relate to each other in an organ-centred context. PMID:25823868

Cartographic Modeling: Computer-assisted Analysis of Spatially Defined Neighborhoods

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Berry, J. K.; Tomlin, C. D.

1982-01-01

Cartographic models addressing a wide variety of applications are composed of fundamental map processing operations. These primitive operations are neither data base nor application-specific. By organizing the set of operations into a mathematical-like structure, the basis for a generalized cartographic modeling framework can be developed. Among the major classes of primitive operations are those associated with reclassifying map categories, overlaying maps, determining distance and connectivity, and characterizing cartographic neighborhoods. The conceptual framework of cartographic modeling is established and techniques for characterizing neighborhoods are used as a means of demonstrating some of the more sophisticated procedures of computer-assisted map analysis. A cartographic model for assessing effective roundwood supply is briefly described as an example of a computer analysis. Most of the techniques described have been implemented as part of the map analysis package developed at the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies.

Ongoing Activities to Facilitate Access to Supplementary Materials for Cartographic Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderson, Paul S.

A wealth of unpublished or unstructured educational materials for all aspects of cartographic instruction are widely dispersed and unnecessarily difficult to obtain. The Cartography Assistance Brochures Project of the Cartography Specialty Group of the Association of American Geographers (AAG), the North American Cartographic Information Society,…

Cartographic projection procedures for the UNIX environment; a user's manual

USGS Publications Warehouse

Evenden, Gerald I.

1990-01-01

A tutorial description of the general usage of the cartographic projection program proj (release 3) along with specic cartographic parameters and illustrations of the ap- proximately 70 cartographic projections supported by the program is presented. The program is designed as a standard Unix lter utility to be employed with other pro- grams in the generation of maps and charts and, in many cases, used in map digitizing applications. Tables and shell scripts are also provided for conversion of State Plane Coordinate Systems to and from geographic coordinates.

Cartographic standards to improve maps produced by the Forest Inventory and Analysis program

Treesearch

Charles H. (Hobie) Perry; Mark D. Nelson

2009-01-01

The Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture's Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program is incorporating an increasing number of cartographic products in reports, publications, and presentations. To create greater quality and consistency within the national FIA program, a Geospatial Standards team developed cartographic design standards for FIA map...

Mapping Your Way to Geographic Awareness: Part II

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Daniel Ness, Daniel; Diercks, Mark J.

2005-01-01

In last month's column, the authors examined the different kinds of maps that exist in everyday life. In this month's column, they experience, through simulation, the skills that are required of a cartographer. A cartographer is a person who practices the art of making maps. Cartographers' maps were often unique, visual representations of data.…

How to design a cartographic continuum to help users to navigate between two topographic styles?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ory, Jérémie; Touya, Guillaume; Hoarau, Charlotte; Christophe, Sidonie

2018-05-01

Geoportals and geovisualization tools provide to users various cartographic abstractions that describe differently a geographical space. Our purpose is to be able to design cartographic continuums, i.e. a set of in-between maps allowing users to navigate between two topographic styles. This paper addresses the problem of the interpolation between two topographic abstractions with different styles. We detail our approach in two steps. Firstly, we setup a comparison in order to identify which structural elements of a cartographic abstraction should be interpolated. Secondly, we propose an approach based on two design methods for maps interpolation.

The world of geography: Visualizing a knowledge domain with cartographic means

PubMed Central

Skupin, André

2004-01-01

From an informed critique of existing methods to the development of original tools, cartographic engagement can provide a unique perspective on knowledge domain visualization. Along with a discussion of some principles underlying a cartographically informed visualization methodology, results of experiments involving several thousand conference abstracts will be sketched and their plausibility reflected on. PMID:14764896

9. Photocopy of architectural drawing (from National Archives Architectural and ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

9. Photocopy of architectural drawing (from National Archives Architectural and Cartographic Branch, Alexandria, Va.) Annotated lithograph on paper. Standard plan used for construction of Commissary Sergeants Quarters, 1876. PLAN, FRONT AND SIDE ELEVATIONS, SECTION - Fort Myer, Commissary Sergeant's Quarters, Washington Avenue between Johnson Lane & Custer Road, Arlington, Arlington County, VA

National Cartographic Information Center Newsletter No. 3

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1975-01-01

Bill Overstreet, this year's president of the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping, wrote us a brief note of guidance after the first issue of the NCIC Newsletter. In it, he cautioned us, among other things, not to get tied down to a strict publishing schedule. "Publish as information becomes available," he advised. Since we had originally planned to print a Newsletter every March, June, September, and December but have actually gone to press in March, September, and now November, we have decided that he has something there. Accordingly we have shifted to a less confining printing schedule of winter, spring, summer, and fall. A little leeway, so to speak, is being built in. An encouraging number of Federal and State agencies, private companies, and individuals have started contributing to the Newsletter. We no longer feel like a soliciting voice in the wilderness. Keep sending in news; any and all cartographically related information will be welcomed for possible publication. If your news did not appear in this issue, rest assured it's in the file for future consideration. Incidentally, by-lines will be appearing on contributions. With this issue we're starting a section that will profile a different cartographic organization each season. The Geography and Map Division of the Library of Congress, its historical background, collections, resources, and services is the first such profile.

Digital mapping of the Mars Pathfinder landing site: Design, acquisition, and derivation of cartographic products for science applications

USGS Publications Warehouse

Gaddis, L.R.; Kirk, R.L.; Johnson, J. R.; Soderblom, L.A.; Ward, A.W.; Barrett, J.; Becker, K.; Decker, T.; Blue, J.; Cook, D.; Eliason, E.; Hare, T.; Howington-Kraus, E.; Isbell, C.; Lee, E.M.; Redding, B.; Sucharski, R.; Sucharski, T.; Smith, P.H.; Britt, D.T.

1999-01-01

The Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) acquired more than 16,000 images and provided panoramic views of the surface of Mars at the Mars Pathfinder landing site in Ares Vallis. This paper describes the stereoscopic, multispectral IMP imaging sequences and focuses on their use for digital mapping of the landing site and for deriving cartographic products to support science applications of these data. Two-dimensional cartographic processing of IMP data, as performed via techniques and specialized software developed for ISIS (the U.S.Geological Survey image processing software package), is emphasized. Cartographic processing of IMP data includes ingestion, radiometric correction, establishment of geometric control, coregistration of multiple bands, reprojection, and mosaicking. Photogrammetric processing, an integral part of this cartographic work which utilizes the three-dimensional character of the IMP data, supplements standard processing with geometric control and topographic information [Kirk et al., this issue]. Both cartographic and photogrammetric processing are required for producing seamless image mosaics and for coregistering the multispectral IMP data. Final, controlled IMP cartographic products include spectral cubes, panoramic (360?? azimuthal coverage) and planimetric (top view) maps, and topographic data, to be archived on four CD-ROM volumes. Uncontrolled and semicontrolled versions of these products were used to support geologic characterization of the landing site during the nominal and extended missions. Controlled products have allowed determination of the topography of the landing site and environs out to ???60 m, and these data have been used to unravel the history of large- and small-scale geologic processes which shaped the observed landing site. We conclude by summarizing several lessons learned from cartographic processing of IMP data. Copyright 1999 by the American Geophysical Union.

The role of digital cartographic data in the geosciences

USGS Publications Warehouse

Guptill, S.C.

1983-01-01

The increasing demand of the Nation's natural resource developers for the manipulation, analysis, and display of large quantities of earth-science data has necessitated the use of computers and the building of geoscience information systems. These systems require, in digital form, the spatial data on map products. The basic cartographic data shown on quadrangle maps provide a foundation for the addition of geological and geophysical data. If geoscience information systems are to realize their full potential, large amounts of digital cartographic base data must be available. A major goal of the U.S. Geological Survey is to create, maintain, manage, and distribute a national cartographic and geographic digital database. This unified database will contain numerous categories (hydrography, hypsography, land use, etc.) that, through the use of standardized data-element definitions and formats, can be used easily and flexibly to prepare cartographic products and perform geoscience analysis. ?? 1983.

IFLA General Conference, 1991. Workshops' Papers: Section of Geography and Map Libraries; Section of Art Libraries; Section of Children's Libraries joint with RT of Research in Reading; Children's Literature Documentation Centres (RT); Section of Libraries for the Blind joint with Section of Interlending and Document Delivery; Section of Government Information and Official Publications; Section of Information Technology; Professional Board Working Group on Management. Booklet 9.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, The Hague (Netherlands).

The 29 papers in this collection were presented at 9 conference workshops: "Inset Maps and Proposals for Their Description" (V. Kusov); "The Utilization of the Old Maps in Modern Researches" (H. Melnikova); (3) "New Series of Maps for Higher Schools: Their Role in the Cartographic Provision for the Higher Education"…

Land use and land cover digital data

USGS Publications Warehouse

Fegeas, Robin G.; Claire, Robert W.; Guptill, Stephen C.; Anderson, K. Eric; Hallam, Cheryl A.

1983-01-01

The discipline of cartography is undergoing a number of profound changesthat center on the emerging influence ofdigital manipulation and analysis ofdata for the preparation of cartographic materials and for use in geographic information systems. Operational requirements have led to the development by the USGS National Mapping Division of several documents that establish in-house digital cartographic standards. In an effort to fulfill lead agency requirements for promulgation of Federal standards in the earth sciences, the documents have been edited and assembled with explanatory text into a USGS Circular. This Circular describes some of the pertinent issues relative to digital cartographic data standards, documents the digital cartographic data standards currently in use within the USGS, and details the efforts of the USGS related to the definition of national digital cartographic data standards. It consists of several chapters; the first is a general overview, and each succeeding chapter is made up from documents that establish in-house standards for one of the various types of digital cartographic data currently produced. This chapter 895-E, describes the Geographic Information Retrieval and Analysis System that is used in conjunction with the USGS land use and land cover classification system to encode, edit, manipuate, and analyze land use and land cover digital data.

ICA contribution to the development of international standards of competence for nautical cartographers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Furness, Ron; Tsoulos, Lysandros

2018-05-01

All professions face challenges as how best to ensure the achievement and continuance of the highest standards as they seek to determine and promulgate best practices. In the essentially linked professions of hydrographic surveying and nautical cartography these challenges become immediately international in their impacts and require close cooperation between the professional bodies representing surveyors, hydrographers and cartographers. The Standards of Competence for Nautical Cartographers are known in short form as S-8 and they describe the minimum required competencies for nautical cartographers. They indicate the minimum degree of knowledge and experience considered necessary for nautical cartographers and provide a set of programme outlines against which the FIG/IHO/ICA International Board on Standards of Competence for Hydrographic Surveyors and Nautical Cartographers may evaluate programmes submitted for recognition. The Standards recognize two levels of competence: Cate- gory A and Category B. In nautical charting communities, Category A programmes offer levels of comprehensive and broad-based knowledge in all aspects of the theory and practice of nautical cartography. Category B programmes provide a level of practical comprehension, along with the essential theoretical background, necessary for individuals to carry out the various nautical cartography tasks. The Standards have recently undergone complete review and should be ratified during 2017/18. This paper aims to bring the existence and aims of the Standards to the wider notice of ICA members and to describe the philosophy and aims of the review in meeting the professional competency needs of the nautical cartographic community.

3. Credit USAF, ca. 1945. Original housed in the Records ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

3. Credit USAF, ca. 1945. Original housed in the Records of the Defense Intelligence Agency. Record Group 373. National Archives. Cartographic and Architectural Branch. Washington, D.C. Aerial orthophoto map 16PS5M79-IV23 of Muroc Flight Test Base (North Base), north faces up with runway at the top and Rogers Dry Lake at the lower right. Ammunition huts (not extant in 1995) appear in a cluster just south of the west end of the runway. Note runway markings on lakebed. Linear feature at very top of image is rocket sled test track designed and built 1944-1945. - Edwards Air Force Base, North Base, North Base Road, Boron, Kern County, CA

Extracting the Essential Cartographic Functionality of Programs on the Web

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ledermann, Florian

2018-05-01

Following Aristotle, F. P. Brooks (1987) emphasizes the distinction between "essential difficulties" and "accidental difficulties" as a key challenge in software engineering. From the point of view of cartography, it would be desirable to identify the cartographic essence of a program, and subject it to additional scrutiny, while its accidental proper-ties, again from the point of view of cartography, are usually of lesser relevance to cartographic analysis. In this paper, two methods that facilitate extracting the cartographic essence of programs are presented: close reading of their source code, and the automated analysis of their runtime behavior. The advantages and shortcomings of both methods are discussed, followed by an outlook to future developments and potential applications.

A Practical Framework for Cartographic Design

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Denil, Mark

2018-05-01

Creation of a map artifact that can be recognized, accepted, read, and absorbed is the cartographer's chief responsibility. This involves bringing coherence and order out of chaos and randomness through the construction of map artifacts that mediate processes of social communication. Maps are artifacts, first and foremost: they are artifacts with particular formal attributes. It is the formal aspects of the map artifact that allows it to invoke and sustain a reading as a map. This paper examines Cartographic Design as the sole means at the cartographer's disposal for constructing the meaning bearing artifacts we know as maps, by placing it in a center of a practical analytic framework. The framework draws together the Theoretic and Craft aspects of map making, and examines how Style and Taste operate through the rubric of a schema of Mapicity to produce high quality maps. The role of the Cartographic Canon, and the role of Critique, are also explored, and a few design resources are identified.

Cartographic sign as a core of multimedia map prepared by non-cartographers in free map services

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Medyńska-Gulij, Beata

2014-06-01

The fundamental importance of cartographic signs in traditional maps is unquestionable, although in the case of multimedia maps their key function is not so obvious. Our aim was to search the problem of cartographic signs as a core of multimedia maps prepared by non-cartographer in on-line Map Services. First, preestablished rules for multimedia map designers were prepared emphasizing the key role of the cartographic signs and habits of Web-users. The comparison of projects completed by a group of designers led us to the general conclusion that a cartographic sign should determine the design of a multimedia map in on-line Map Services. Despite the selection of five different map topics, one may list the general characteristics of the maps with a cartographic sign in the core. Fundamentalne znaczenie znaków kartograficznych na tradycyjnej mapie nie budzi wątpliwości, jednak w przypadku multimedialnej mapy ich kluczowa funkcja nie jest już tak oczywista. W tych badaniach podjęto problem znaczenia znaku kartograficznego jako spoiwa mapy multimedialnej opracowanej przez nie-kartografa w darmowych serwisach mapowych. Zadaniem dla projektujących mapy stało się opracowanie mapy multimedialnej według ustalonych wstępnie zasad, w której kluczową rolę odgrywały znaki kartograficzne oraz przyzwyczajenia użytkowników Internetu. Porównanie wypełnionych arkuszy zadań przez uczestników badań skłania do wyciągnięcia generalnego wniosku, że znak kartograficzny powinien determinować projektowanie multimedialnej mapy w serwisach mapowych on-line. Pomimo opracowania pięciu różnych tematów map, można wymienić ogólne charakterystyki map, w których znak kartograficzny jest spoiwem.

22. 1988 aerial of Tempe Canal, Sections 9, 16 and ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

22. 1988 aerial of Tempe Canal, Sections 9, 16 and 17 (T1N R5E) (left of page is north). Tempe Crosscut enters from center left. The Trunk Ditch right of way is visible just north of Mesa Country Club as a gray line running along the edge of a vacant lot. The Salt River bed is in the upper left corner. Photographer: Unknown, 1988. Source: SRP Cartographic Drafting - Tempe Canal, South Side Salt River in Tempe, Mesa & Phoenix, Tempe, Maricopa County, AZ

11. Photocopy of architectural drawing (from National Archives Architectural and ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

11. Photocopy of architectural drawing (from National Archives Architectural and Cartographic Branch Alexandria, Va.) 'Non-Com-Officers Qrs.' Quartermaster General's Office Standard Plan 82, sheet 1. Lithograph on linen architectural drawing. April 1893 3 ELEVATIONS, 3 PLANS AND A PARTIAL SECTION - Fort Myer, Non-Commissioned Officers Quarters, Washington Avenue between Johnson Lane & Custer Road, Arlington, Arlington County, VA

BAPA Database: a Landslide Inventory in the Principality of Asturias (NW Spain) by Using Press Archives and Free Cartographic Servers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Valenzuela, P.; Domínguez-Cuesta, M. J.; Jiménez-Sánchez, M.; Mora García, M. A.

2015-12-01

Due to its geological and climatic conditions, landslides are very common and widespread phenomena in the Principality of Asturias (NW of Spain), causing economic losses and, sometimes, human victims. In this scenario, temporal prediction of instabilities becomes particularly important. Although previous knowledge indicates that rainfall is the main trigger, the lack of data hinders the proper temporal forecast of landslides in the region. To resolve this deficiency, a new landslide inventory is being developed: the BAPA (Base de datos de Argayos del Principado de Asturias-Principality of Asturias Landslide Database). Data collection is mainly performed through the gathering of local newspaper archives, with special emphasis on the registration of spatial and temporal information. Moreover, a BAPA App and a BAPA website (http://geol.uniovi.es/BAPA) have been developed to easily obtain additional information from authorities and private individuals. Presently, dataset covers the period 1980-2015, registering more than 2000 individual landslide events. Fifty-two per cent of the records provide accurate dates, showing the usefulness of press archives as temporal records. The use of free cartographic servers, such as Google Maps, Google Street View and Iberpix (Government of Spain), combined with the spatial descriptions and photographs contained in the press releases, makes it possible to determine the exact location in fifty-eight per cent of the records. Field work performed to date has allowed the validation of the methodology proposed to obtain spatial data. In addition, BAPA database contain information about: source, typology of landslides, triggers, damages and costs.

Photocopy of plan (in U.S. Army office of Army Engineers ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photocopy of plan (in U.S. Army office of Army Engineers plans and drawings, Fort Hancock and Sandy hook proving ground, record group 7, drawer 44, Cartographic and Architectural branc, The National Archives, Washington, DC) , Ordnance Dept. U.S. Army, proposed addition to dock at Sandy Hook, 1918 Ordnance wharf and boathouse - U.S. Coast Guard Sandy Hook Station, Western Docking Structure, West of intersection of Canfield Road & Hartshorne Drive, Highlands, Monmouth County, NJ

The Documentation of Historic Maps of World Heritage Site City Suzhou

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guangwei, Z.

2013-07-01

Documentation and analysis of historic maps enhance understanding of temporal and spatial interactions between events and the evolution of physical canals upon which they occurred. And the challenge of this work lies on carefully sifting of information through the maps drawn with relative accuracy by traditional cartographical principles before the emergence of scientific survey. This research project focuses on sorting out the evolution of historic city Suzhou in a spatio-temporal view. The investigation was conducted through an in-depth analysis of historic maps. Re-projection of the geographical elements of the city to one single georeference, that is to say a standard map BASE, help acquiring an actual sense of the scale and facilitate the recognition of the city's evolution in clear details. It is an important contribution of this thesis in coordination of variously distorted geographical information contained in nineteen periods span from 1229 to 2013 into a single research resource. Through the work both quantitative and qualitative, a clear vision of the evolution and characteristics of the urban structure of ancient Suzhou is achieved. Meanwhile, in the process of projecting the historical geometrical information onto the topographic map, historical bibliographic and cartographic records is key to the data coordination and readjustment, this inspire as well on the cautious utilization of historical materials from ancient time in the recording, documentation work.

MAPGEN CARTOGRAPHIC SYSTEM.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Evenden, Gerald I.; ,

1986-01-01

MAPGEN is a software system that facilitates production of cartographic displays in the research and production environment. The system generates a set of metagraphic overlays of application-defined geographical information that can be aggregated in any combination for display without reprocessing the original data. An overview of the control files, available cartographic projections, graphic attributes, overlay generator and ancillary support programs, and the device-independent graphic subsystem are presented, along with examples of usage. System transportability and associated host hardware and operating system requirements are also addressed.

Ontological Standardization for Historical Map Collections: Studying the Greek Borderlines of 1881

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gkadolou, E.; Tomai, E.; Stefanakis, E.; Kritikos, G.

2012-07-01

Historical maps deliver valuable historical information which is applicable in several domains while they document the spatiotemporal evolution of the geographical entities that are depicted therein. In order to use the historical cartographic information effectively, the maps' semantic documentation becomes a necessity for restoring any semantic ambiguities and structuring the relationship between historical and current geographical space. This paper examines cartographic ontologies as a proposed methodology and presents the first outcomes of the methodology applied for the historical map series «Carte de la nouvelle frontière Turco-Grecque» that sets the borderlines between Greece and Ottoman Empire in 1881. The map entities were modelled and compared to the current ones so as to record the changes in their spatial and thematic attributes and an ontology was developed in Protégé OWL Editor 3.4.4 for the attributes that thoroughly define a historical map and the digitised spatial entities. Special focus was given on the Greek borderline and the changes that it caused to other geographic entities.

Application of terrestrial laser scanning to the development and updating of the base map

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klapa, Przemysław; Mitka, Bartosz

2017-06-01

The base map provides basic information about land to individuals, companies, developers, design engineers, organizations, and government agencies. Its contents include spatial location data for control network points, buildings, land lots, infrastructure facilities, and topographic features. As the primary map of the country, it must be developed in accordance with specific laws and regulations and be continuously updated. The base map is a data source used for the development and updating of derivative maps and other large scale cartographic materials such as thematic or topographic maps. Thanks to the advancement of science and technology, the quality of land surveys carried out by means of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) matches that of traditional surveying methods in many respects. This paper discusses the potential application of output data from laser scanners (point clouds) to the development and updating of cartographic materials, taking Poland's base map as an example. A few research sites were chosen to present the method and the process of conducting a TLS land survey: a fragment of a residential area, a street, the surroundings of buildings, and an undeveloped area. The entire map that was drawn as a result of the survey was checked by comparing it to a map obtained from PODGiK (pol. Powiatowy Ośrodek Dokumentacji Geodezyjnej i Kartograficznej - Regional Centre for Geodetic and Cartographic Records) and by conducting a field inspection. An accuracy and quality analysis of the conducted fieldwork and deskwork yielded very good results, which provide solid grounds for predicating that cartographic materials based on a TLS point cloud are a reliable source of information about land. The contents of the map that had been created with the use of the obtained point cloud were very accurately located in space (x, y, z). The conducted accuracy analysis and the inspection of the performed works showed that high quality is characteristic of TLS surveys. The accuracy of determining the location of the various map contents has been estimated at 0.02-0.03 m. The map was developed in conformity with the applicable laws and regulations as well as with best practice requirements.

Frozen Stiff: Cartographic Design and Permafrost Mapping

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nelson, F. E.; Li, J.; Nyland, K. E.

2016-12-01

Maps are the primary vehicle used to communicate geographical relationships. Ironically, interest in the formal practice of cartography, the art and science of geographic visualization, has fallen significantly during a period when the sophistication and availability of GIS software has increased dramatically. Although the number of geographically oriented permafrost studies has increased significantly in recent years, little discussion about competing visualization strategies, map accuracy, and the psychophysical impact of cartographic design is evident in geocryological literature. Failure to use the full potential of the tools and techniques that contemporary cartographic and spatial-analytic theory makes possible affects our ability to effectively and accurately communicate the impacts and hazards associated with thawing permafrost, particularly in the context of global climate change. This presentation examines recent permafrost studies involving primarily small-scale (large area) mapping, and suggests cartographic strategies for rectifying existing problems.

Atlas of Surveyor 5 television data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Batson, R. M.; Jordan, R.; Larson, K. B.

1974-01-01

This atlas is a compendium of the Surveyor 5 television mosaics. It it divided into two main sections. The first consists of improved mosaics of panoramas and basic cartographic data used in investigating surface detail, and the second contains individual frame data, including photoindex mosaics and tabulations in which individual frames are identified. A short section containing a set of special-purpose mosaics assembled by the staff of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory is also included. For more details about the Surveyor 5 mission, television data, or science results, a brief bibliography is included.

Photocopy of plan (in U.S. Army office of Army Engineers ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photocopy of plan (in U.S. Army office of Army Engineers plans and drawings, Fort Hancock and Sandy hook proving ground, record group 7, drawer 44, Cartographic and Architectural branc, The National Archives, Washington, DC) Gillespie, G.L., map of a portion of Sandy Hook, NJ showing condition of beach in vicinity of dynamite gun emplacements, 1894 Engineer's wharf - U.S. Coast Guard Sandy Hook Station, Western Docking Structure, West of intersection of Canfield Road & Hartshorne Drive, Highlands, Monmouth County, NJ

Photocopy of plan (in U.S. Army office of Army Engineers ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photocopy of plan (in U.S. Army office of Army Engineers plans and drawings, Fort Hancock and Sandy hook proving ground, record group 7, drawer 44, Cartographic and Architectural branc, The National Archives, Washington, DC) from Talcott, T.M.R., plot of a survey of site, Fort at Sandy Hook, NJ, 1859-1860 Detail of engineer's wharf - U.S. Coast Guard Sandy Hook Station, Western Docking Structure, West of intersection of Canfield Road & Hartshorne Drive, Highlands, Monmouth County, NJ

2. Credit USAF, ca. 1945. Original housed in the Records ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

2. Credit USAF, ca. 1945. Original housed in the Records of the Defense Intelligence Agency. Record Group 373. National Archives. Cartographic and Architectural Branch. Washington, D.C. Oblique aerial photo 16PS5M79-1-0-48-4:3:1152:12:120003500N11745W looking roughly north northeast across North Base from a position over Rogers Dry Lake. Largest structures are hangars, beginning with Building 4305 (Unicon Portable Hangar) at view center and continuing to right with Buildings 4401 and 4402 (Type HANG-N-A hangars), with Building 4505 (Type HANG-P-A hangar) in the distance. Bachelor Officers' Quarters known as the "Desert Rat Hotel" (T-l) was located adjacent to Building 4305. - Edwards Air Force Base, North Base, North Base Road, Boron, Kern County, CA

Cartographic research 1977

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1978-01-01

Two major subjects of the current research of the Topographic Division as reported here are related to policy decisions affecting the National Mapping Program of the Geological Survey. The adoption of a metric mapping policy has resulted in new cartographic products with associated changes in map design that require new looks in graphics and new equipment. The increasing use of digitized cartographic information has led to developments in data acquisition, processing, and storage and consequent changes in equipment and techniques. This report summarizes the activities in cartographic research and development for the 12-month period ending June 1977 and covers work done at the several facilities of the Topographic Division: the Western Mapping Center at Menlo Park, Calif., the Rocky Mountain Mapping Center at Denver, Colo., the Mid-Continent Mapping Center at Rolla, Mo., and the Eastern Mapping Center, the Special Mapping Center, the Office of Plans and Program Development, and the Office of Research and Technical Standards all at Reston, Va.

Creation of digital contours that approach the characteristics of cartographic contours

USGS Publications Warehouse

Tyler, Dean J.; Greenlee, Susan K.

2012-01-01

The capability to easily create digital contours using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software has existed for decades. Out-of-the-box raw contours are suitable for many scientific applications without pre- or post-processing; however, cartographic applications typically require additional improvements. For example, raw contours generally require smoothing before placement on a map. Cartographic contours must also conform to certain spatial/logical rules; for example, contours may not cross waterbodies. The objective was to create contours that match as closely as possible the cartographic contours produced by manual methods on the 1:24,000-scale, 7.5-minute Topographic Map series. This report outlines the basic approach, describes a variety of problems that were encountered, and discusses solutions. Many of the challenges described herein were the result of imperfect input raster elevation data and the requirement to have the contours integrated with hydrographic features from the National Hydrography Dataset (NHD).

21. 1934 aerial of Tempe Canal, Sections 19 and 30 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

21. 1934 aerial of Tempe Canal, Sections 19 and 30 (T1N R5E) and Sections 24 and 25 (T1N R4E) (top of page is north). The main canal enters the picture at upper right and curves out of picture at lower right. The Hayden Branch (thin dark line) runs from top of picture to the southwest, then curves to the west. The Western Branch enters picture running parallel to main canal, then angles off to southwest. Photographer: Unknown, 1934. Source: SRP Cartographic Drafting - Tempe Canal, South Side Salt River in Tempe, Mesa & Phoenix, Tempe, Maricopa County, AZ

Geosites and geoheritage representations - a cartographic approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rocha, Joao; Brilha, José

2016-04-01

In recent years, the increasing awareness of the importance of nature conservation, particularly towards the protection, conservation and promotion of geological sites, has resulted in a wide range of scientific studies. In a certain way, the majority of geodiversity studies, geoconservation strategies and geosites inventories and geoheritage assessment projects will use, on a particular stage, a cartographic representation - a map - of the most relevant geological and geomorphological features within the area of analyses. A wide range of geosite maps and geological heritage maps have been produced but, so far, a widely accepted conceptual cartographic framework with a specific symbology for cartographic representation has not been created. In this work we debate the lack of a systematic and conceptual framework to support geoheritage and geosite mapping. It is important to create a widely accepted conceptual cartographic framework with a specific symbology to be used within maps dedicated to geoheritage and geosites. We propose a cartographic approach aiming the conceptualization and the definition of a nomenclature and symbology system to be used on both geosite and geoheritage maps. We define a symbology framework for geosite and geoheritage mapping addressed to general public and to secondary school students, in order to be used as geotouristic and didactic tools, respectively. Three different approaches to support the definition of the symbology framework were developed: i) symbols to correlate geosites with the geological time scale; ii) symbols related to each one of the 27 geological frameworks defined in the Portuguese geoheritage inventory; iii) symbols to represent groups of geosites that share common geological and geomorphological features. The use of these different symbols in a map allows a quick understanding of a set of relevant information, in addition to the usual geographical distribution of geosites in a certain area.

The U.S. Geological Survey cartographic and geographic information science research activities 2006-2010

USGS Publications Warehouse

Usery, E. Lynn

2011-01-01

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) produces geospatial databases and topographic maps for the United States of America. A part of that mission includes conducting research in geographic information science (GIScience) and cartography to support mapping and improve the design, quality, delivery, and use of geospatial data and topographic maps. The Center of Excellence for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS) was established by the USGS in January 2006 as a part of the National Geospatial Program Office. CEGIS (http://cegis.usgs.gov) evolved from a team of cartographic researchers at the Mid-Continent Mapping Center. The team became known as the Cartographic Research group and was supported by the Cooperative Topographic Mapping, Geographic Analysis and Monitoring, and Land Remote Sensing programs of the Geography Discipline of the USGS from 1999-2005. In 2006, the Cartographic Research group and its projects (http://carto-research.er.usgs.gov/) became the core of CEGIS staff and research. In 2006, CEGIS research became focused on The National Map (http://nationalmap.gov).

An interdisciplinary approach to mapping through scientific cartography, design and artistic expression

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gardener, Joanna; Cartwright, William; Duxbury, Lesley

2018-05-01

This paper reports on the initial findings of an interdisciplinary study exploring perceptions of space and place through alternate ways of mapping. The research project aims to bring depth and meaning to places by utilising a combination of diverse influences and responses, including emotional, sensory, memory and imaginary. It investigates mapping from a designer's perspective, with further narration from both the cartographic science and fine art perspectives. It examines the role of design and artistic expression in the cartographic process, and its capacity to effect and transform the appearance, reading and meaning of the final cartographic outcome (Robinson 2010). The crossover between the cartographic sciences and the work of artists who explore space and place enables an interrogation of where these fields collide or alternatively merge, in order to challenge the definition of a map. By exploring cartography through the overlapping of the distinct fields of science and art, this study challenges and questions the tipping point of when a map ceases to be a map and becomes art.

From conceptual modeling to a map

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gotlib, Dariusz; Olszewski, Robert

2018-05-01

Nowadays almost every map is a component of the information system. Design and production of maps requires the use of specific rules for modeling information systems: conceptual, application and data modelling. While analyzing various stages of cartographic modeling the authors ask the question: at what stage of this process a map occurs. Can we say that the "life of the map" begins even before someone define its form of presentation? This question is particularly important at the time of exponentially increasing number of new geoinformation products. During the analysis of the theory of cartography and relations of the discipline to other fields of knowledge it has been attempted to define a few properties of cartographic modeling which distinguish the process from other methods of spatial modeling. Assuming that the map is a model of reality (created in the process of cartographic modeling supported by domain-modeling) the article proposes an analogy of the process of cartographic modeling to the scheme of conceptual modeling presented in ISO 19101 standard.

The Design and Product of National 1:1000000 Cartographic Data of Topographic Map

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Guizhi

2016-06-01

National administration of surveying, mapping and geoinformation started to launch the project of national fundamental geographic information database dynamic update in 2012. Among them, the 1:50000 database was updated once a year, furthermore the 1:250000 database was downsized and linkage-updated on the basis. In 2014, using the latest achievements of 1:250000 database, comprehensively update the 1:1000000 digital line graph database. At the same time, generate cartographic data of topographic map and digital elevation model data. This article mainly introduce national 1:1000000 cartographic data of topographic map, include feature content, database structure, Database-driven Mapping technology, workflow and so on.

Photocopy of plan (in U.S. Army office of Army Engineers ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photocopy of plan (in U.S. Army office of Army Engineers plans and drawings, Fort Hancock and Sandy hook proving ground, record group 7, drawer 44, Cartographic and Architectural branc, The National Archives, Washington, DC), U.S. Engineer Office, New York District, Harbor Defenses of New York Mine Boathouse, location plan and elevations, Fort Hancock, New Jersey, July 1943 Detail of western docking structure - U.S. Coast Guard Sandy Hook Station, Western Docking Structure, West of intersection of Canfield Road & Hartshorne Drive, Highlands, Monmouth County, NJ

Maps of Information Spaces: Assessments from Astronomy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Poincot, Philippe; Lesteven, Soizick; Murtagh, Fionn

2000-01-01

Discusses the implementation of a cartographic user interface to bibliographic and other information sub-spaces in astronomy. Presents a range of comparative assessments, in operational frameworks, of this approach to accessing and retrieving astronomical information. Discusses the particular role that such cartographic user interfaces can play in…

The current state of the creation and modernization of national geodetic and cartographic resources in Poland

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Doskocz, Adam

2016-01-01

All official data are currently integrated and harmonized in a spatial reference system. This paper outlines a national geodetic and cartographic resources in Poland. The national geodetic and cartographic resources are an important part of the spatial information infrastructure in the European Community. They also provide reference data for other resources of Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI), including: main and detailed geodetic control networks, base maps, land and buildings registries, geodetic registries of utilities and topographic maps. This paper presents methods of producing digital map data and technical standards for field surveys, and in addition paper also presents some aspects of building Global and Regional SDI.

Navigating Without Road Maps: The Early Business of Automobile Route Guide Publishing in the United States

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bauer, John T.

2018-05-01

In the United States, automobile route guides were important precursors to the road maps that Americans are familiar with today. Listing turn-by-turn directions between cities, they helped drivers navigate unmarked, local roads. This paper examines the early business of route guide publishing through the Official Automobile Blue Book series of guides. It focuses specifically on the expansion, contraction, and eventual decline of the Blue Book publishing empire and also the work of professional "pathfinders" that formed the company's data-gathering infrastructure. Be- ginning in 1901 with only one volume, the series steadily grew until 1920, when thirteen volumes were required to record thousands of routes throughout the country. Bankruptcy and corporate restructuring in 1921 forced the publishers to condense the guide into a four-volume set in 1922. Competition from emerging sheet maps, along with the nationwide standardization of highway numbers, pushed a switch to an atlas format in 1926. Blue Books, however, could not remain competitive and disappeared after 1937. "Pathfinders" were employed by the publishers and equipped with reliable automobiles. Soon they developed a shorthand notation system for recording field notes and efficiently incorporating them into the development workflow. Although pathfinders did not call themselves cartographers, they were geographical data field collectors and considered their work to be an "art and a science," much the same as modern-day cartographers. The paper concludes with some comments about the place of route guides in the history of American commercial cartography and draws some parallels between "pathfinders" and the digital road mappers of today.

1. Credit USAF, ca. 1945. Original housed in the Records ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

1. Credit USAF, ca. 1945. Original housed in the Records of the Defense Intelligence Agency. Record Group 373. National Archives. Cartographic and Architectural Branch. Washington, D.C. Oblique aerial photo 16PS5M79-1-0-46-4:3:1146-12:120003500N11745W looks northeast across North Base, then known as Muroc Flight Test Base. Rogers Dry lake is in view to the right, bordered by four hangars; 6,000 foot runway built in 1943 is in background. Fenced area in immediate foreground (not extant in 1995) was a "Chemical Storage Area" also designated a fuel storage facility on some engineering drawings; two small ponds nearby were for sewage sludge. Black square in middle of view is recently oiled or paved parking lot surrounding Building 4340 (T-73), the Recreation Hall/Chapel (not extant in 1995). - Edwards Air Force Base, North Base, North Base Road, Boron, Kern County, CA

Cartographic Encounters at the Bureau of Indian Affairs Geographic Information System Center of Calculation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palmer, Mark H.

2012-01-01

The centering processes of geographic information system (GIS) development at the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) was an extension of past cartographic encounters with American Indians through the central control of geospatial technologies, uneven development of geographic information resources, and extension of technically dependent…

Digital geomorphological landslide hazard mapping of the Alpago area, Italy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

van Westen, Cees J.; Soeters, Rob; Sijmons, Koert

Large-scale geomorphological maps of mountainous areas are traditionally made using complex symbol-based legends. They can serve as excellent "geomorphological databases", from which an experienced geomorphologist can extract a large amount of information for hazard mapping. However, these maps are not designed to be used in combination with a GIS, due to their complex cartographic structure. In this paper, two methods are presented for digital geomorphological mapping at large scales using GIS and digital cartographic software. The methods are applied to an area with a complex geomorphological setting on the Borsoia catchment, located in the Alpago region, near Belluno in the Italian Alps. The GIS database set-up is presented with an overview of the data layers that have been generated and how they are interrelated. The GIS database was also converted into a paper map, using a digital cartographic package. The resulting largescale geomorphological hazard map is attached. The resulting GIS database and cartographic product can be used to analyse the hazard type and hazard degree for each polygon, and to find the reasons for the hazard classification.

20. 1934 aerial of Tempe Canal, Sections 9, 16, and ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

20. 1934 aerial of Tempe Canal, Sections 9, 16, and 17 (T1N R5E) (top of page is north). The Tempe Crosscut is seen as the dark line entering from top right, which turns north, then curves around the Chandler Falls powerhouse. The canal then curves slowly around to the southwest. The old Trunk Ditch is visible at the top of the curve, coming in from the northeast. A wasteway (top left) runs west from the canal to the Salt River. Photographer: Unknown, 1934. Source: SRP Cartographic Drafting - Tempe Canal, South Side Salt River in Tempe, Mesa & Phoenix, Tempe, Maricopa County, AZ

Community Portraits: County Atlases as Resources for Teaching U.S. History. Cartographic Traditions in American History.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Danzer, Gerald A., Ed.; Newman, Mark, Ed.

This collection of cartographic projects grew out of a professional development summer institute for teachers conducted in 1995 in the History Department of the University of Illinois at Chicago. Curriculum materials developed during the institute were used in various classrooms during the following school year. The collection contains selected…

An examination of techniques for reformatting digital cartographic data/part 1: the raster-to- vector process.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Peuquet, D.J.

1981-01-01

Current graphic devices suitable for high-speed computer input and output of cartographic data are tending more and more to be raster-oriented, such as the rotating drum scanner and the color raster display. However, the majority of commonly used manipulative techniques in computer-assisted cartography and automated spatial data handling continue to require that the data be in vector format. This situation has recently precipitated the requirement for very fast techniques for converting digital cartographic data from raster to vector format for processing, and then back into raster format for plotting. The current article is part 1 of a 2 part paper concerned with examining the state-of-the-art in these conversion techniques. -from Author

Phosphor thermography technique in hypersonic wind tunnel - Feasibility study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Edy, J. L.; Bouvier, F.; Baumann, P.; Le Sant, Y.

Probative research has been undertaken at ONERA on a new technique of thermography in hypersonic wind tunnels. This method is based on the heat sensitivity of a luminescent coating applied to the model. The luminescent compound, excited by UV light, emits visible light, the properties of which depend on the phosphor temperature, among other factors. Preliminary blowdown wind tunnel tests have been performed, firstly for spot measurements and then for cartographic measurements using a 3-CCD video camera, a BETACAM video recorder and a digital image processing system. The results provide a good indication of the method feasibility.

Generalized Cartographic and Simultaneous Representation of Utility Networks for Decision-Support Systems and Crisis Management in Urban Environments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Becker, T.; König, G.

2015-10-01

Cartographic visualizations of crises are used to create a Common Operational Picture (COP) and enforce Situational Awareness by presenting relevant information to the involved actors. As nearly all crises affect geospatial entities, geo-data representations have to support location-specific analysis throughout the decision-making process. Meaningful cartographic presentation is needed for coordinating the activities of crisis manager in a highly dynamic situation, since operators' attention span and their spatial memories are limiting factors during the perception and interpretation process. Situational Awareness of operators in conjunction with a COP are key aspects in decision-making process and essential for making well thought-out and appropriate decisions. Considering utility networks as one of the most complex and particularly frequent required systems in urban environment, meaningful cartographic presentation of multiple utility networks with respect to disaster management do not exist. Therefore, an optimized visualization of utility infrastructure for emergency response procedures is proposed. The article will describe a conceptual approach on how to simplify, aggregate, and visualize multiple utility networks and their components to meet the requirements of the decision-making process and to support Situational Awareness.

Interactive Raster Data Structure Study.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-01

update. In a cartographic editing environment the data to be used . is very temporal and dynamic in nature , Changes in the data being addressed should...draft them. This allowed for the natural conceptualization of digital data as features. This trait has been observed as a result of functions being...performing * cartographic manipulations. In the compilation and revision environment P where data is temporal in nature , additional processing leads to

Camera system for multispectral imaging of documents

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Christens-Barry, William A.; Boydston, Kenneth; France, Fenella G.; Knox, Keith T.; Easton, Roger L., Jr.; Toth, Michael B.

2009-02-01

A spectral imaging system comprising a 39-Mpixel monochrome camera, LED-based narrowband illumination, and acquisition/control software has been designed for investigations of cultural heritage objects. Notable attributes of this system, referred to as EurekaVision, include: streamlined workflow, flexibility, provision of well-structured data and metadata for downstream processing, and illumination that is safer for the artifacts. The system design builds upon experience gained while imaging the Archimedes Palimpsest and has been used in studies of a number of important objects in the LOC collection. This paper describes practical issues that were considered by EurekaVision to address key research questions for the study of fragile and unique cultural objects over a range of spectral bands. The system is intended to capture important digital records for access by researchers, professionals, and the public. The system was first used for spectral imaging of the 1507 world map by Martin Waldseemueller, the first printed map to reference "America." It was also used to image sections of the Carta Marina 1516 map by the same cartographer for comparative purposes. An updated version of the system is now being utilized by the Preservation Research and Testing Division of the Library of Congress.

National Cartographic Information Center Newsletter No. 2

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1975-01-01

The publication of this issue has been delayed due to the siren call of annual leave and the general inertia produced by the langorous, if pollution-ridden stillness of deep summer in Northern Virginia. We are introducing a new, more artistic cover design with this issue, courtesy of the Geological Survey's Visual Services group. The Newsletter's inner format is remaining exactly as it was - relentlessly simple, a decision occasioned by budget limitations as well as a personal preference not to spend more of the taxpayer's money than is strictly necessary. Again, we are actively soliciting material from our readers. NCIC was created as a national center for the collection and dissemination of cartographic information. Our Newsletter's only justification for existence is to aid in NCIC's development by keeping the cartographic community of collectors, compilers, users, etc., informed not only of NCIC's activities but theirs as well. To become a successful medium of information exchange we need to hear from you in terms of whatever special interests, programs, products, or cartographic information in general you would like publicized. We are interested in receiving your news for possible publication whether it's postcard size or in manuscript form. (If it's in manuscript form, however, it had better be either extremely relevant or incomparably good.)

Map data-driven assessment of urban areas accessibility

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parygin, D. S.; Aleshkevich, A. A.; Golubev, A. V.; Smykovskaya, T. K.; Finogeev, A. G.

2018-05-01

The study analyzes the existing approaches to assessment of the city territory transport accessibility. The method for the city territory sections connectedness assessment through the personal and public transport was developed. The assessment of transport accessibility is proposed based on an analysis of open cartographic data. The technology of calculation and visualization of urban areas interconnectedness with the use of a street network graph and public transport routes, data obtained from Internet map services have been developed. An example of territory accessibility assessments visualization on an online map is given.

Cartographic quality of ERTS-1 images

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Welch, R. I.

1973-01-01

Analyses of simulated and operational ERTS images have provided initial estimates of resolution, ground resolution, detectability thresholds and other measures of image quality of interest to earth scientists and cartographers. Based on these values, including an approximate ground resolution of 250 meters for both RBV and MSS systems, the ERTS-1 images appear suited to the production and/or revision of planimetric and photo maps of 1:500,000 scale and smaller for which map accuracy standards are compatible with the imaged detail. Thematic mapping, although less constrained by map accuracy standards, will be influenced by measurement thresholds and errors which have yet to be accurately determined for ERTS images. This study also indicates the desirability of establishing a quantitative relationship between image quality values and map products which will permit both engineers and cartographers/earth scientists to contribute to the design requirements of future satellite imaging systems.

Photographic memory: The storage and retrieval of data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Horton, J.

1984-01-01

The concept of density encoding digital data in a mass-storage computer peripheral is proposed. This concept requires that digital data be encoded as distinguishable density levels (DDLS) of the film to be used as the storage medium. These DDL's are then recorded on the film in relatively large pixels. Retrieval of the data would be accomplished by scanning the photographic record using a relatively small aperture. Multiplexing of the pixels is used to store data of a range greater than the number of DDL's supportable by the film in question. Although a cartographic application is used as an example for the photographic storage of data, any digital data can be stored in a like manner. When the data is inherently spatially-distributed, the aptness of the proposed scheme is even more evident. In such a case, human-readability is an advantage which can be added to those mentioned earlier: speed of acquisition, ease of implementation, and cost effectiveness.

Surveyors, cartographers, photogrammetrists; identification: friends or foes.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Doyle, F.J.

1983-01-01

Largely because of historical developments, the disciplines of geodesy, surveying, photogrammetry, cartography and remote sensing which make up the profession of cartographic science are organised into numerous societies at both the national and international levels. Partly as a consequence of this separatism, an effective education system for the profession is not well developed. There are hopeful signs, both nationally and internationally, that the various societies may get together to present a united professional front to the world scientific community. -Author

A continuous scale-space method for the automated placement of spot heights on maps

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rocca, Luigi; Jenny, Bernhard; Puppo, Enrico

2017-12-01

Spot heights and soundings explicitly indicate terrain elevation on cartographic maps. Cartographers have developed design principles for the manual selection, placement, labeling, and generalization of spot height locations, but these processes are work-intensive and expensive. Finding an algorithmic criterion that matches the cartographers' judgment in ranking the significance of features on a terrain is a difficult endeavor. This article proposes a method for the automated selection of spot heights locations representing natural features such as peaks, saddles and depressions. A lifespan of critical points in a continuous scale-space model is employed as the main measure of the importance of features, and an algorithm and a data structure for its computation are described. We also introduce a method for the comparison of algorithmically computed spot height locations with manually produced reference compilations. The new method is compared with two known techniques from the literature. Results show spot height locations that are closer to reference spot heights produced manually by swisstopo cartographers, compared to previous techniques. The introduced method can be applied to elevation models for the creation of topographic and bathymetric maps. It also ranks the importance of extracted spot height locations, which allows for a variation in the size of symbols and labels according to the significance of represented features. The importance ranking could also be useful for adjusting spot height density of zoomable maps in real time.

Approach to data exchange: the spatial data transfer standard

USGS Publications Warehouse

Rossmeissl, Hedy J.; Rugg, Robert D.

1992-01-01

Significant developments have taken place in the disciplines of cartography and geography in recent years with the advent of computer hardware and software that manipulate and process digital cartographic and geographic data more efficiently. The availability of inexpensive and powerful hardware and software systems offers the capability of displaying and analyzing spatial data to a growing number of users. As a result, developing and using existing digital cartographic databases are becoming very popular. However, the absence of uniform standards for the transfer of digital spatial data is hindering the exchange of data and increasing costs. Several agencies of the U.S. government and the academic community have been working hard over the last few years to develop a spatial data transfer standard that includes definitions of standard terminology, a spatial data transfer specification, recommendations on reporting digital cartographic data quality, and standard topographic and hydrographic entity terms and definitions. This proposed standard was published in the January 1988 issue of The American Cartographer. Efforts to test and promote this standard were coordinated by the U.S. Geological Survey. A Technical Review Board was appointed with representatives from the U.S. government, the private sector, and the academic community to complete the standard for submittal to the National Institute of Standards and Technology for approval as a Federal Information Processing Standard. The proposed standard was submitted in February 1992 for final approval.

Evaluation of radar imagery for geological and cartographic applications

USGS Publications Warehouse

Moore, Gerald K.; Sheehan, Cynthia A.

1981-01-01

The House/Senate conference report on H.R. 4930 (96th Congress), the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations bill, 1980, stated that the U.S. Geological Survey should "begin the use of side-looking airborne radar imagery for topographic and geological mapping, and geological resource surveys in promising areas, particularly Alaska." In response to this mandate, the Survey acquired radar data and began scientific studies to analyze and interpret these data. About 70 percent of the project funding was used to acquire radar imagery and to evaluate Alaskan applications. Results of these studies indicate that radar images have a unique incremental value for certain geologic and cartographic applications but that the images are best suited for use as supplemental information sources or as primary data sources in areas of persistent cloud cover.The value of radar data is greatest for geologic mapping and resource surveys, particularly for mineral and petroleum exploration, where the objective is to locate any single feature or group of features that may control the occurrences of these resources. Radar images are considered by oil and gas companies to be worth the cost of data acquisition within a limited area of active exploration.Radar images also have incremental value for geologic site studies and hazard mapping. The need in these cases is TO inventory all geologic hazards to human life, property, resources, and the environment. For other geologic applications, radar images have a relatively small incremental value over a combination of Landsat images and aerial photographs.The value of radar images for cartographic applications is minimal, except when they are used as a substitute for aerial photographs and topographic maps in persistently cloud-covered areas. If conventional data sources are not available, radar images provide useful information on terrain relief, landforms, drainage patterns, and land cover. Screen less lithography is a low-cost method of reproducing the images. The images from modern, commercially available radar systems have good visual quality; they also have better geometric accuracy and higher information content than images from older systems. Images from modern systems, however, also have some of the same disadvantages as those from older systems. The most serious problem is that considerable information is lost in the process of recording the radar return on film. Another problem is that the oblique radar view of the landscape results in interpretations that are biased by look direction. A compromise antenna depression angle also commonly results in inadequate or excessive shadowing in parts of the image. There is a need for high-resolution digital data, not currently available from the private sector, to significantly improve the utility of radar data for geologic and cartographic applications.

Time of Concentration equations: the role of morphometric uncertainties in flood risk analysis and management

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martins, Luciano; Díez-Herrero, Andrés; Bodoque, Jose M.; Bateira, Carlos

2016-04-01

The perception of flood risk by the responsible authorities on the flood management disasters and mitigation strategies should be based on an overall evaluation of the uncertainties associated with the procedures for risk assessment and mapping production. This contribution presents the results of the development of mapping evaluation of the time of concentration (tc). This parameter reflects the time-space at which a watershed responds to rainfall events and is the most frequently utilized time parameter, and is of great importance in many hydrologic analysis. Accurate estimates of the tc are very important, for instance, if tc is under-estimated, the result is an over-estimated peak discharge and vice versa, resulting significant variations on the flooded areas, and could have important consequences in terms of the land use and occupation of territory, as management's own flood risk. The methology used evaluate 20 different empirical, semi-empirical and kinematics equations of tc calculation, due to different cartographic scales (1:200000; 1:100000; 1:25000; LIDAR 5x5m &1x1m) in in two hydrographic basins with distinct dimensions and geomorphological characteristics, located in the Gredos Mountain range (Spain). The results suggest that the changes in the cartographic scale, has not influence as significant as one might expect. The most important variations occur in the characteristics of the fequations, use different morphometricparameters in the calculations. Some just are based on geomorphological criteria and other magnify the hydraulic characteristics of the channels, resulting in very different tc values. However, we highlighting the role of cartographic scale particularly in the application of semi-empirical equations that take into account changes in land use and occupation. In this case, the determination of parameters, such as flow coefficient, curve number and roughness coefficient are very sensitive to cartographic scale. Sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the empirical equations are simpler (e.g Giandotti, Chow, Temez), since it is based only on the geometrical characteristics of the basin and therefore the results tend not to reflect the dynamic range leadings to worse results of tc.The application of these equations based on local parameters should not be applied to other regions that have distinct geomorphological and climatic characteristics, since greatly influences the results.The semi-empirical and kinematics equations (e.g SCS, Kinematic Wave) tc is reflected mainly in the form of the hydrograph, particularly in the Lag-time. Thats seems be an appropriate to the integrated analysis of hydrographic basins. Moreover, these methods are fundamental to understand spatio-temporal dynamics within the basin, even if some parameters are difficult to calculate. The best way to calibrate and evaluate the obtained concentration time values, should be based on known events, calibrated by rating curves records.

Review of USGS Open-file Report 95-525 ("Cartographic and digital standard for geologic map information") and plans for development of Federal draft standards for geologic map information

USGS Publications Warehouse

Soller, David R.

1996-01-01

This report summarizes a technical review of USGS Open-File Report 95-525, 'Cartographic and Digital Standard for Geologic Map Information' and OFR 95-526 (diskettes containing digital representations of the standard symbols). If you are considering the purchase or use of those documents, you should read this report first. For some purposes, OFR 95-525 (the printed document) will prove to be an excellent resource. However, technical review identified significant problems with the two documents that will be addressed by various Federal and State committees composed of geologists and cartographers, as noted below. Therefore, the 2-year review period noted in OFR 95-525 is no longer applicable. Until those problems are resolved and formal standards are issued, you may consult the following World-Wide Web (WWW) site which contains information about development of geologic map standards: URL: http://ncgmp.usgs.gov/ngmdbproject/home.html

Maritime zones delimitation - Problems and solutions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kastrisios, Christos; Tsoulos, Lysandros

2018-05-01

The delimitation of maritime zones and boundaries foreseen by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) is a factor of economic growth, effective management of the coastal and ocean environment and the cornerstone for maritime spatial planning. Maritime zones and boundaries form the outermost limits of coastal states and their accurate delineation and cartographic portrayal is a matter of national priority. Although UNCLOS is a legal document, its implementation -at first place- is purely technical and requires -amongst others- theoretical and applied background on Geodesy, Cartography and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for those involved. This paper provides a brief historical background of the evolution of the UNCLOS, presents the various concepts of the Convention and identifies the problems inherent in the maritime delimitation process. Furthermore, it presents solutions that will facilitate the cartographer's work in order to achieve unquestionable results. Through the paper it becomes evident that the role of the cartographer and the GIS expert is critical for the successful implementation of maritime delimitation.

Cartographic services contract...for everything geographic

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2003-01-01

The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Cartographic Services Contract (CSC) is used to award work for photogrammetric and mapping services under the umbrella of Architect-Engineer (A&E) contracting. The A&E contract is broad in scope and can accommodate any activity related to standard, nonstandard, graphic, and digital cartographic products. Services provided may include, but are not limited to, photogrammetric mapping and aerotriangulation; orthophotography; thematic mapping (for example, land characterization); analog and digital imagery applications; geographic information systems development; surveying and control acquisition, including ground-based and airborne Global Positioning System; analog and digital image manipulation, analysis, and interpretation; raster and vector map digitizing; data manipulations (for example, transformations, conversions, generalization, integration, and conflation); primary and ancillary data acquisition (for example, aerial photography, satellite imagery, multispectral, multitemporal, and hyperspectral data); image scanning and processing; metadata production, revision, and creation; and production or revision of standard USGS products defined by formal and informal specification and standards, such as those for digital line graphs, digital elevation models, digital orthophoto quadrangles, and digital raster graphics.

Digital line graphs from 1:100,000-scale maps

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1989-01-01

The National Cartographic Information Center (NCIC) distributes digital cartographic/geographic data files produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as part of the National Mapping Program. Digital cartographic data files may be grouped into four basic types. The first of these, called a Digital Line Graph (DLG), is line map information in digital form. These data files include information on planimetric base categories, such as transportation, hydrography, and boundaries. The second form, called a Digital Elevation Model (OEM), consists of a sampled array of elevations for ground positions that are usually, but not always, at regularly spaced intervals. The third type is Land Use and Land Cover digital data, which provides information on nine major classes of land use such as urban, agricultural, or forest as well as associated map data such as political units and Federal land ownership. The fourth type, the Geographic Names Information System, provides primary information for known places, features, and areas in the United States identified by a proper name.

Outreach Programmes for Education and Training: Contributions from the International Cartographic Association

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cartwright, W. E.; Fairbairn, D.

2012-07-01

Organisations like the International Cartographic Association champion programmes that develop and deliver education and training to cartographers and geospatial scientists, globally. This can be in the form of traditional university and training college programmes, short courses for professional and technical members of mapping agencies and as outreach initiatives to transfer knowledge about the discipline and its contemporary practices. Through its international community, the ICA undertakes the transfer of knowledge about cartography and GI Science by publishing books and special editions of journals and running workshops. Colleagues from the ICA community conduct these workshops on a volunteer basis, generally with the support of the national member organisation of ICA or the national mapping body. For example, the ICA promotes the generation of extensive publications, generally through its Commissions and Working Groups. The publications include books, journals and the ICA Newsletter. Outreach activities are especially pertinent to up skill colleagues from developing countries. Specialist programmes can be offered for professional and 'everyday' map users (from adults to children). The ICA can assist with its current programmes, designed to embrace professional and non-professional cartographers alike. This paper will address how education and outreach programmes can be supported by international associations, by offering programmes independently, or in partnership with sister associations and national and regional organisations and societies. As well, the paper will address the need to deliver education and outreach programmes not to just the professional international community, but also to map users and citizen map publishers.

A spatio-temporal landslide inventory for the NW of Spain: BAPA database

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Valenzuela, Pablo; Domínguez-Cuesta, María José; Mora García, Manuel Antonio; Jiménez-Sánchez, Montserrat

2017-09-01

A landslide database has been created for the Principality of Asturias, NW Spain: the BAPA (Base de datos de Argayos del Principado de Asturias - Principality of Asturias Landslide Database). Data collection is mainly performed through searching local newspaper archives. Moreover, a BAPA App and a BAPA website (http://geol.uniovi.es/BAPA) have been developed to obtain additional information from citizens and institutions. Presently, the dataset covers the period 1980-2015, recording 2063 individual landslides. The use of free cartographic servers, such as Google Maps, Google Street View and Iberpix (Government of Spain), combined with the spatial descriptions and pictures contained in the press news, makes it possible to assess different levels of spatial accuracy. In the database, 59% of the records show an exact spatial location, and 51% of the records provided accurate dates, showing the usefulness of press archives as temporal records. Thus, 32% of the landslides show the highest spatial and temporal accuracy levels. The database also gathers information about the type and characteristics of the landslides, the triggering factors and the damage and costs caused. Field work was conducted to validate the methodology used in assessing the spatial location, temporal occurrence and characteristics of the landslides.

An examination of techniques for reformatting digital cartographic data. Part 2: the vector-to raster process.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Peuquet, D.J.

1981-01-01

Current graphic devices suitable for high-speed computer input and output of cartographic data are tending more and more to be raster-oriented, such as the rotating drum scanner and the color raster display. However, the majority of commonly used manipulative techniques in computer-assisted cartography and automated spatial data handling continue to require that the data be in vector format. The current article is the second part of a two-part paper that examines the state of the art in these conversion techniques. - from Author

Automated feature extraction and classification from image sources

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1995-01-01

The U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and Unisys Corporation have completed a cooperative research and development agreement (CRADA) to explore automated feature extraction and classification from image sources. The CRADA helped the USGS define the spectral and spatial resolution characteristics of airborne and satellite imaging sensors necessary to meet base cartographic and land use and land cover feature classification requirements and help develop future automated geographic and cartographic data production capabilities. The USGS is seeking a new commercial partner to continue automated feature extraction and classification research and development.

Analysis and correction of Landsat 4 and 5 Thematic Mapper Sensor Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bernstein, R.; Hanson, W. A.

1985-01-01

Procedures for the correction and registration and registration of Landsat TM image data are examined. The registration of Landsat-4 TM images of San Francisco to Landsat-5 TM images of the San Francisco using the interactive geometric correction program and the cross-correlation technique is described. The geometric correction program and cross-correlation results are presented. The corrections of the TM data to a map reference and to a cartographic database are discussed; geometric and cartographic analyses are applied to the registration results.

Synoptic evaluation of scale-dependent metrics for hydrographic line feature geometry

USGS Publications Warehouse

Stanislawski, Larry V.; Buttenfield, Barbara P.; Raposo, Paulo; Cameron, Madeline; Falgout, Jeff T.

2015-01-01

Methods of acquisition and feature simplification for vector feature data impact cartographic representations and scientific investigations of these data, and are therefore important considerations for geographic information science (Haunert and Sester 2008). After initial collection, linear features may be simplified to reduce excessive detail or to furnish a reduced-scale version of the features through cartographic generalization (Regnauld and McMaster 2008, Stanislawski et al. 2014). A variety of algorithms exist to simplify linear cartographic features, and all of the methods affect the positional accuracy of the features (Shahriari and Tao 2002, Regnauld and McMaster 2008, Stanislawski et al. 2012). In general, simplification operations are controlled by one or more tolerance parameters that limit the amount of positional change the operation can make to features. Using a single tolerance value can have varying levels of positional change on features; depending on local shape, texture, or geometric characteristics of the original features (McMaster and Shea 1992, Shahriari and Tao 2002, Buttenfield et al. 2010). Consequently, numerous researchers have advocated calibration of simplification parameters to control quantifiable properties of resulting changes to the features (Li and Openshaw 1990, Raposo 2013, Tobler 1988, Veregin 2000, and Buttenfield, 1986, 1989).This research identifies relations between local topographic conditions and geometric characteristics of linear features that are available in the National Hydrography Dataset (NHD). The NHD is a comprehensive vector dataset of surface 18 th ICA Workshop on Generalisation and Multiple Representation, Rio de Janiero, Brazil 2015 2 water features within the United States that is maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). In this paper, geometric characteristics of cartographic representations for natural stream and river features are summarized for subbasin watersheds within entire regions of the conterminous United States and compared to topographic metrics. A concurrent processing workflow is implemented using a Linux high-performance computing cluster to simultaneously process multiple subbasins, and thereby complete the work in a fraction of the time required for a single-process environment. In addition, similar metrics are generated for several levels of simplification of the hydrographic features to quantify the effects of simplification over the various landscape conditions. Objectives of this exploratory investigation are to quantify geometric characteristics of linear hydrographic features over the various terrain conditions within the conterminous United States and thereby illuminate relations between stream geomorphological conditions and cartographic representation. The synoptic view of these characteristics over regional watersheds that is afforded through concurrent processing, in conjunction with terrain conditions, may reveal patterns for classifying cartographic stream features into stream geomorphological classes. Furthermore, the synoptic measurement of the amount of change in geometric characteristics caused by the several levels of simplification can enable estimation of tolerance values that appropriately control simplification-induced geometric change of the cartographic features within the various geomorphological classes in the country. Hence, these empirically derived rules or relations could help generate multiscale-representations of features through automated generalization that adequately maintain surface drainage variations and patterns reflective of the natural stream geomorphological conditions across the country.

Cartographic analyses of geographic information available on Google Earth Images

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oliveira, J. C.; Ramos, J. R.; Epiphanio, J. C.

2011-12-01

The propose was to evaluate planimetric accuracy of satellite images available on database of Google Earth. These images are referents to the vicinities of the Federal Univertisity of Viçosa, Minas Gerais - Brazil. The methodology developed evaluated the geographical information of three groups of images which were in accordance to the level of detail presented in the screen images (zoom). These groups of images were labeled to Zoom 1000 (a single image for the entire study area), Zoom 100 (formed by a mosaic of 73 images) and Zoom 100 with geometric correction (this mosaic is like before, however, it was applied a geometric correction through control points). In each group of image was measured the Cartographic Accuracy based on statistical analyses and brazilian's law parameters about planimetric mapping. For this evaluation were identified 22 points in each group of image, where the coordinates of each point were compared to the coordinates of the field obtained by GPS (Global Positioning System). The Table 1 show results related to accuracy (based on a threshold equal to 0.5 mm * mapping scale) and tendency (abscissa and ordinate) between the coordinates of the image and the coordinates of field. Table 1 The geometric correction applied to the Group Zoom 100 reduced the trends identified earlier, and the statistical tests pointed a usefulness of the data for a mapping at a scale of 1/5000 with error minor than 0.5 mm * scale. The analyses proved the quality of cartographic data provided by Google, as well as the possibility of reduce the divergences of positioning present on the data. It can be concluded that it is possible to obtain geographic information database available on Google Earth, however, the level of detail (zoom) used at the time of viewing and capturing information on the screen influences the quality cartographic of the mapping. Although cartographic and thematic potential present in the database, it is important to note that both the software as data distributed by Google Earth has policies for use and distribution.
Table 1 - PLANIMETRIC ANALYSIS

National Cartographic Information Center Newsletter No. 4

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1976-01-01

Last week, the editor of this publication was told to start signing the introduction. Something to do with credit given for work done. We look at it in the unfortunate light of accountability; our days under the bushel of anonymity are over. Speaking of accountability, it's about time we gave some recognition to the Newsletter's unknowing progenitor, John Wright, of the British Directorate of Overseas Surveys. Editorially and stylistically, the NCIC Newsletter owes him a large debt. Last month we received a suggestion from a reader that the Newsletter begin consistently listing prices for new products. In the publishing business, however, there is an infallible law of inflation prices increase as soon as they appear in print. We do try to quote exact prices where possible, and as our reader suggested, ballpark figures when we have to. In nearly all cases, additional information is available either by contacting the addresses listed in the article or indexed in the back or by calling NCIC's User Services Section. Numerous bits and pieces of information make up the bulk of this issue. Among them are the possibility of the Geological Survey issuing readable indexes to available topographic maps, the development of an NCIC classification system for U.S. cartographic data, and information on the publication of prototype topographic-bathymetric maps. Lastly, here is our quarterly solicitation for suggestions, comments, criticism, notes, and information for publication. Call it your bicentennial contribution to participatory democracy.

Expressive map design: OGC SLD/SE++ extension for expressive map styles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Christophe, Sidonie; Duménieu, Bertrand; Masse, Antoine; Hoarau, Charlotte; Ory, Jérémie; Brédif, Mathieu; Lecordix, François; Mellado, Nicolas; Turbet, Jérémie; Loi, Hugo; Hurtut, Thomas; Vanderhaeghe, David; Vergne, Romain; Thollot, Joëlle

2018-05-01

In the context of custom map design, handling more artistic and expressive tools has been identified as a carto-graphic need, in order to design stylized and expressive maps. Based on previous works on style formalization, an approach for specifying the map style has been proposed and experimented for particular use cases. A first step deals with the analysis of inspiration sources, in order to extract `what does make the style of the source', i.e. the salient visual characteristics to be automatically reproduced (textures, spatial arrangements, linear stylization, etc.). In a second step, in order to mimic and generate those visual characteristics, existing and innovative rendering techniques have been implemented in our GIS engine, thus extending the capabilities to generate expressive renderings. Therefore, an extension of the existing cartographic pipeline has been proposed based on the following aspects: 1- extension of the symbolization specifications OGC SLD/SE in order to provide a formalism to specify and reference expressive rendering methods; 2- separate the specification of each rendering method and its parameterization, as metadata. The main contribution has been described in (Christophe et al. 2016). In this paper, we focus firstly on the extension of the cartographic pipeline (SLD++ and metadata) and secondly on map design capabilities which have been experimented on various topographic styles: old cartographic styles (Cassini), artistic styles (watercolor, impressionism, Japanese print), hybrid topographic styles (ortho-imagery & vector data) and finally abstract and photo-realist styles for the geovisualization of costal area. The genericity and interoperability of our approach are promising and have already been tested for 3D visualization.

Digitizing Patterns of Power - Cartographic Communication for Digital Humanities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kriz, Karel; Pucher, Alexander; Breier, Markus

2018-05-01

The representation of space in medieval texts, the appropriation of land and the subsequent installation of new structures of power are central research topics of the project "Digitizing Patterns of Power" (DPP). The project focuses on three regional case studies: the Eastern Alps and the Morava-Thaya region, the historical region of Macedonia, and historical Southern Armenia. DPP is a multidisciplinary project, conducted by the Austrian Academy of Sciences the Institute for Medieval Research (IMAFO) in cooperation with the University of Vienna, Department of Geography and Regional Research. It is part of an initiative to promote digital humanities research in Austria. DPP brings together expertise from historical and archaeological research as well as cartography and geocommunication to explore medieval geographies. The communication of space, time and spatial interconnectivity is an essential aspect of DPP. By incorporating digital cartographic expertise, relevant facts can be depicted in a more effective visual form. Optimal cartographic visualization of base data as well as the historical and archaeological information in an interactive map-based online platform are important features. However, the multidisciplinary of the project presents the participants with various challenges. The different involved disciplines, among them cartography, archaeology and history each have their own approaches to relevant aspects of geography and geocommunication. This paper treats geocommunication characteristics and approaches to interactive mapping in a historical and archaeological context within a multidisciplinary project environment. The fundamental challenges of cartographic communication within DPP will be presented. Furthermore, recent results on the communication of historical topographic, as well as uncertain thematic content will be demonstrated.

Proposals for Changes in Surveying-Legal Procedures for the Needs of Cadastre in Poland

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mika, Monika

2016-12-01

The aim of this paper is to present the need for changes of geodetic-legal procedures for the cadastre and real estate management. This problem was analyzed both in theoretical and practical terms. In order to better present the analyzed technical and legal procedures, a study of several cases of surveying documentation was made. On their example the problems associated with the surveying services were shows and the formal and legal procedures, on the basis of which described surveying works were done were verified. The problem presented is current and valid not only for the comfort of the surveyor's work, but also from the point of view of the structure and modernization of the real estate cadastre, constituting the backbone of the real estate management. The article emphasized the need to unify the databases of state registers and the digitization of the National Geodetic and Cartographic Resources (PZDGiK). Research has shown that despite the continuous changes of legislation, there are still many shortcomings and gaps, which often complicate the surveying works. The surveyor must analyze and verify all materials he uses, including those obtained from the Centre of Geodetic and Cartographic Documentation (ODGiK). The quality of the geodetic and cartographic elaboration depends largely on the work of the Centre of Geodetic and Cartographic Documentation. The need of modernization of the Land and Buildings Registry, which acts as a cadastre in Poland, has been demonstrated. Furthermore, the unification of data used as reference systems both for plane coordinates and elevation has been proposed.

Mountain cartography: revival of a classic domain

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Häberling, Christian; Hurni, Lorenz

The abstract representation of landscape objects such as mountain peaks, valleys, river networks, lakes, cultivated land and nonproductive areas (forests, pastures, boulder fields, glaciers), settlement areas, infrastructure and traffic networks has been the main concept behind all kind of maps for a long time. For over 300 years, mountain regions became an appropriate subject to be extensively explored and mapped. Together with the growing importance of mountainous areas, the demand for adequate cartographic representations with respect to its contents, graphic design and the presentation media has given new life to a classic domain of cartography: Mountain cartography. This paper gives an overview of the development and the current state of mountain cartography. After a brief description of the beginnings and the historic achievements, basic concepts of cartography such as map purpose, data management, cartographic design and map production and their application in modern mountain cartography are summarised. The paper then provides an overview of different kinds of cartographic representations in mountain cartography like topographic maps, maps derived from Geographical Information Systems (GIS) data, image maps, animations, perspective views and personalised maps. Finally, selected examples of modern mountain map applications are presented.

Map design and production issues for the Utah Gap Analysis Project

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hutchinson, John A.; Wittmann, J.H.

1997-01-01

The cartographic preparation and printing of four maps for the Utah GAP Project presented a wide range of challenges in cartographic design and production. In meeting these challenges, the map designers had to balance the purpose of the maps together with their legibility and utility against both the researchers' desire to show as much detail as possible and the technical limitations inherent in the printing process. This article describes seven design and production issues in order to illustrate the challenges of making maps from a merger of satellite data and GIS databases, and to point toward future investigation and development.

Shaded Relief Images for Cartographic Applications.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-04-01

PENS I :.6 SAUI.L 1,4 ACAL OUC0~u l IL~u IA(1 LAbIA- ALaE,4 ,tt LA -rS LArt, 4tlt AAt. , ". -A1’ 24 i =0A47t luv ~~ Qu 1cot ) UIAL L ALUCIE ACld 1-5 ,Al 1...UNCLASSIFIED ETL-0259 .:’ .u****.* I .. I Elmlllllhlhhl IIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIl IIIIIIIIIIIIIu IIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIu LEVEL.ETL-0259 AD AlO 1422...Shaded relief images for cartographic applications Cyrus C. Taylor APRIL 1981 DTI I ELE C T 0 JUL 16 19LS: T =U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS ENGINEER

CD-ROM publication of the Mars digital cartographic data base

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Batson, R. M.; Eliason, E. M.; Soderblom, L. A.; Edwards, Kathleen; Wu, Sherman S. C.

1991-01-01

The recently completed Mars mosaicked digital image model (MDIM) and the soon-to-be-completed Mars digital terrain model (DTM) are being transcribed to optical disks to simplify distribution to planetary investigators. These models, completed in FY 1991, provide a cartographic base to which all existing Mars data can be registered. The digital image map of Mars is a cartographic extension of a set of compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM) volumes containing individual Viking Orbiter images now being released. The data in these volumes are pristine in the sense that they were processed only to the extent required to view them as images. They contain the artifacts and the radiometric, geometric, and photometric characteristics of the raw data transmitted by the spacecraft. This new set of volumes, on the other hand, contains cartographic compilations made by processing the raw images to reduce radiometric and geometric distortions and to form geodetically controlled MDIM's. It also contains digitized versions of an airbrushed map of Mars as well as a listing of all feature names approved by the International Astronomical Union. In addition, special geodetic and photogrammetric processing has been performed to derive rasters of topographic data, or DTM's. The latter have a format similar to that of MDIM, except that elevation values are used in the array instead of image brightness values. The set consists of seven volumes: (1) Vastitas Borealis Region of Mars; (2) Xanthe Terra of Mars; (3) Amazonis Planitia Region of Mars; (4) Elysium Planitia Region of Mars; (5) Arabia Terra of Mars; (6) Planum Australe Region of Mars; and (7) a digital topographic map of Mars.

SIG Contribution in the Making of Geotechnical Maps in Urban Areas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Monteiro, António; Pais, Luís Andrade; Rodrigues, Carlos; Carvalho, Paulo

2017-10-01

The use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has spread to several science areas, from oceanography to geotechnics. Its application in the urban mapping was intensified in the last century, which allowed a great development, due to the use of geographic database, new analysis tools and, more recently, free open source software. Geotechnical cartography struggle with a permanent and large environment re-organization in urban area, due to new building construction, trenching and the drilling of sampling wells and holes. This creates an extra important and largest volume of data at any pre-existence geological map. The main problem results on the fact that the natural environment is covered with buildings and communications system. The purpose of this work is to create a viable geographic information base for geotechnical mapping through a free GIS computer program and open source, with non-traditional cartographic sources, giving preference to open platforms. QGIS was used as software and “Google Maps”, “Bing Maps” and “OpenStreetMap” were applied as cartographic sources using the “OpenLayers plugin” module. Finally, we also pretend to identify and delimit the degree of granite’s change and fracturing areas using a “Streetview” platform. This model has cartographic input which are a geological map study area, open cartographic web archives and the use of “Streetview” platform. The output has several layouts, such as topography intersection (roads, borders, etc.), with geological map and the bordering area of Guarda Urban Zone. The use of this platform types decrease the collect data time and, sometimes, a careful observation of pictures that were taken during excavations may reveal important details for geological mapping in the study area.

Multimedia integration of cartographic source materials for researching and presenting phenomena from economic history

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lorek, Dariusz

2016-12-01

The article presents a framework for integrating historical sources with elements of the geographical space recorded in unique cartographic materials. The aim of the project was to elaborate a method of integrating spatial data sources that would facilitate studying and presenting the phenomena of economic history. The proposed methodology for multimedia integration of old materials made it possible to demonstrate the successive stages of the transformation which was characteristic of the 19th-century space. The point of reference for this process of integrating information was topographic maps from the first half of the 19th century, while the research area comprised the castle complex in Kórnik together with the small town - the pre-industrial landscape in Wielkopolska (Greater Poland). On the basis of map and plan transformation, graphic processing of the scans of old drawings, texture mapping of the facades of historic buildings, and a 360° panorama, the source material collected was integrated. The final product was a few-minute-long video, composed of nine sequences. It captures the changing form of the castle building together with its facades, the castle park, and its further topographic and urban surroundings, since the beginning of the 19th century till the present day. For a topographic map sheet dating back to the first half of the 19th century, in which the hachuring method had been used to present land relief, a terrain model was generated. The transition from parallel to bird's-eye-view perspective served to demonstrate the distinctive character of the pre-industrial landscape.

Evaluation of the User Strategy on 2d and 3d City Maps Based on Novel Scanpath Comparison Method and Graph Visualization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dolezalova, J.; Popelka, S.

2016-06-01

The paper is dealing with scanpath comparison of eye-tracking data recorded during case study focused on the evaluation of 2D and 3D city maps. The experiment contained screenshots from three map portals. Two types of maps were used - standard map and 3D visualization. Respondents' task was to find particular point symbol on the map as fast as possible. Scanpath comparison is one group of the eye-tracking data analyses methods used for revealing the strategy of the respondents. In cartographic studies, the most commonly used application for scanpath comparison is eyePatterns that output is hierarchical clustering and a tree graph representing the relationships between analysed sequences. During an analysis of the algorithm generating a tree graph, it was found that the outputs do not correspond to the reality. We proceeded to the creation of a new tool called ScanGraph. This tool uses visualization of cliques in simple graphs and is freely available at www.eyetracking.upol.cz/scangraph. Results of the study proved the functionality of the tool and its suitability for analyses of different strategies of map readers. Based on the results of the tool, similar scanpaths were selected, and groups of respondents with similar strategies were identified. With this knowledge, it is possible to analyse the relationship between belonging to the group with similar strategy and data gathered from the questionnaire (age, sex, cartographic knowledge, etc.) or type of stimuli (2D, 3D map).

Classifying the Diversity of Bus Mapping Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Said, Mohd Shahmy Mohd; Forrest, David

2018-05-01

This study represents the first stage of an investigation into understanding the nature of different approaches to mapping bus routes and bus network, and how they may best be applied in different public transport situations. In many cities, bus services represent an important facet of easing traffic congestion and reducing pollution. However, with the entrenched car culture in many countries, persuading people to change their mode of transport is a major challenge. To promote this modal shift, people need to know what services are available and where (and when) they go. Bus service maps provide an invaluable element of providing suitable public transport information, but are often overlooked by transport planners, and are under-researched by cartographers. The method here consists of the creation of a map evaluation form and performing assessment of published bus networks maps. The analyses were completed by a combination of quantitative and qualitative data analysis of various aspects of cartographic design and classification. This paper focuses on the resulting classification, which is illustrated by a series of examples. This classification will facilitate more in depth investigations into the details of cartographic design for such maps and help direct areas for user evaluation.

US GeoData: Digital cartographic and geographic data

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1985-01-01

The increasing use of computers for storing and analyzing earth science information has sparked a growth in the demand for various types of cartographic data in digital form. The production of map data in computerized form is called digital cartography, and it involves the collection, storage, processing, analysis, and display of map data with the aid of computers. The U.S. Geological Survey, the Nation's largest earth science research agency, has expanded its national mapping program to incorporate operations associated with digital cartography, including the collection of planimetric, elevation, and geographic names information in digital form. This digital information is available for use in meeting the multipurpose needs and applications of the map user community.

Research of cartographer laser SLAM algorithm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Bo; Liu, Zhengjun; Fu, Yiran; Zhang, Changsai

2017-11-01

As the indoor is a relatively closed and small space, total station, GPS, close-range photogrammetry technology is difficult to achieve fast and accurate indoor three-dimensional space reconstruction task. LIDAR SLAM technology does not rely on the external environment a priori knowledge, only use their own portable lidar, IMU, odometer and other sensors to establish an independent environment map, a good solution to this problem. This paper analyzes the Google Cartographer laser SLAM algorithm from the point cloud matching and closed loop detection. Finally, the algorithm is presented in the 3D visualization tool RViz from the data acquisition and processing to create the environment map, complete the SLAM technology and realize the process of indoor threedimensional space reconstruction

Cartographic mapping study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilson, C.; Dye, R.; Reed, L.

1982-01-01

The errors associated with planimetric mapping of the United States using satellite remote sensing techniques are analyzed. Assumptions concerning the state of the art achievable for satellite mapping systems and platforms in the 1995 time frame are made. An analysis of these performance parameters is made using an interactive cartographic satellite computer model, after first validating the model using LANDSAT 1 through 3 performance parameters. An investigation of current large scale (1:24,000) US National mapping techniques is made. Using the results of this investigation, and current national mapping accuracy standards, the 1995 satellite mapping system is evaluated for its ability to meet US mapping standards for planimetric and topographic mapping at scales of 1:24,000 and smaller.

Presentation of spatio-temporal data in the context of information capacity and visual suggestiveness

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cybulski, Paweł

2014-12-01

The aim of this article is to present the concept of information capacity and visual suggestiveness as a map characteristic on the example of two maps of human migration. From this viewpoint the literature study has been performed. Proposed by the author the features of cartographic visualization are an attempt to establish cartographic pragmatics and find the way to increase effectiveness of dynamic maps with large information capacity. Among the works on cartographic pragmatics, muliaspectuality of spatio-temporal data the proposed solution has not been taken so far, and refers to the map design problematic. Celem rozważań było podsumowanie wiedzy dotyczącej projektowania dynamicznych opracowań przestrzennych oraz ich klasyfi kacja ze względu na ilość zmiennych grafi cznych oraz dynamicznych, które mogą zostać użyte w procesie geowizualizacji. Zróżnicowanie ilości zmiennych grafi cznych i dynamicznych w przestrzennych wizualizacjach autor proponuje nazywać pojemnością wizualną prezentacji. Autor stawia również hipotezę, że im większą pojemność wizualną stosujemy tym bardziej sugestywne musi być to przestawienie, aby efektywność przekazywania informacji była zachowana

Architecture of a spatial data service system for statistical analysis and visualization of regional climate changes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Titov, A. G.; Okladnikov, I. G.; Gordov, E. P.

2017-11-01

The use of large geospatial datasets in climate change studies requires the development of a set of Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) elements, including geoprocessing and cartographical visualization web services. This paper presents the architecture of a geospatial OGC web service system as an integral part of a virtual research environment (VRE) general architecture for statistical processing and visualization of meteorological and climatic data. The architecture is a set of interconnected standalone SDI nodes with corresponding data storage systems. Each node runs a specialized software, such as a geoportal, cartographical web services (WMS/WFS), a metadata catalog, and a MySQL database of technical metadata describing geospatial datasets available for the node. It also contains geospatial data processing services (WPS) based on a modular computing backend realizing statistical processing functionality and, thus, providing analysis of large datasets with the results of visualization and export into files of standard formats (XML, binary, etc.). Some cartographical web services have been developed in a system’s prototype to provide capabilities to work with raster and vector geospatial data based on OGC web services. The distributed architecture presented allows easy addition of new nodes, computing and data storage systems, and provides a solid computational infrastructure for regional climate change studies based on modern Web and GIS technologies.

Archaeological Remote Sensing: Searching for Fort Clatsop from Space

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Karsmizki, Kenneth W.; Spruce, Joe; Giardino, Marco

2002-01-01

The Columbia Gorge Discovery Center and NASA's Stennis Space Center have teamed up to use high-resolution aerial and satellite-based remote sensing in the search for Lewis and Clark expedition campsites. A Space Act Agreement between NASA and the Discovery Center has evolved into a study that employs remote sensing, plus modern and historical map data for relocating several Lewis and Clark encampments. Satellite data being studied include 30-meter Landsat Thematic Mapper and 1-meter Space Imaging IKONOS data. This paper includes an overview of the working relationship between NASA and the Discovery Center. It also reports on geospatial analyses of the Fort Clatsop site to demonstrate the ways geospatial technologies interface with the written and cartographic records of the expedition and how they are applied to the search for Lewis and Clark campsites.

Map of the Pluto System - Children's Edition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hargitai, H. I.

2016-12-01

Cartography is a powerful tool in the scientific visualization and communication of spatial data. Cartographic visualization for children requires special methods. Although almost all known solid surface bodies in the Solar System have been mapped in detail during the last more than 5 decades, books and publications that target children, tweens and teens never include any of the cartographic results of these missions. We have developed a series of large size planetary maps with the collaboration of planetary scientists, cartographers and graphic artists. The maps are based on photomosaics and DTMs that were redrawn as artwork. This process necessarily involved generalization, interpretation and transformation into the visual language that can be understood by children. In the first project we selected six planetary bodies (Venus, the Moon, Mars, Io, Europa and Titan) and invited six illustrators of childrens'books. Although the overall structure of the maps look similar, the visual approach was significantly different. An important addition was that the maps contained a narrative: different characters - astronauts or "alien-like lifeforms" - interacted with the surface. The map contents were translated into 11 languages and published online at https://childrensmaps.wordpress.com.We report here on the new map of the series. Following the New Horizons' Pluto flyby we have started working on a map that, unlike the others, depicts a planetary system, not only one body. Since only one hemisphere was imaged in high resolution, this map is showing the encounter hemispheres of Pluto and Charon. Projected high resolution image mosaics with informal nomenclature were provided by the New Horizons Team. The graphic artist is Adrienn Gyöngyösi. Our future plan is to produce a book format Children's Atlas of Solar System bodies that makes planetary cartographic and astrogeologic results more accessible for children, and the next generation of planetary scientists among them.

A Digital Tectonic Activity Map of the Earth

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lowman, Paul; Masuoka, Penny; Montgomery, Brian; OLeary, Jay; Salisbury, Demetra; Yates, Jacob

1999-01-01

The subject of neotectonics, covering the structures and structural activity of the last 5 million years (i.e., post-Miocene) is a well-recognized field, including "active tectonics," focussed on the last 500,000 years in a 1986 National Research Council report of that title. However, there is a cartographic gap between tectonic maps, generally showing all features regardless of age, and maps of current seismic or volcanic activity. We have compiled a map intended to bridge this gap, using modern data bases and computer-aided cartographic techniques. The maps presented here are conceptually descended from an earlier map showing tectonic and volcanic activity of the last one million years. Drawn by hand with the National Geographic Society's 1975 "The Physical World" map as a base, the 1981 map in various revisions has been widely reproduced in textbooks and various technical publications. However, two decades of progress call for a completely new map that can take advantage of new knowledge and cartographic techniques. The digital tectonic activity map (DTM), presented in shaded relief (Fig. 1) and schematic (Fig. 2) versions, is the result. The DTM is intended to show tectonism and volcanism of the last one million years, a period long enough to be representative of global activity, but short enough that features such as fault scarps and volcanos are still geomorphically recognizable. Data Sources and Cartographic Methods The DTM is based on a wide range of sources, summarized in Table 1. The most important is the digital elevation model, used to construct a shaded relief map. The bathymetry is largely from satellite altimetry, specifically the marine gravity compilations by Smith and Sandwell (1996). The shaded relief map was designed to match the new National Geographic Society world physical map (1992), although drawn independently, from the digital elevation model. The Robinson Projection is used instead of the earlier Van der Grinten one. Although neither conformal nor equal-area, the Robinson Projection provides a reasonable compromise and retains useful detail at high latitudes.

NORTH AMERICAN DATUM 1983 IMPLEMENTATION IMPACTS ON THE USGS NATIONAL MAPPING PROGRAM.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Jones, William J.; Needham, Paul E.

1985-01-01

The U. S. Geological Survey has previously experienced the impacts on the National Mapping Program that are associated with implementing a readjustment of the horizontal datum. The impacts of these past readjustments were minimal compared to those of the current readjustment. The Geological Survey currently has produced and published over 60,000 different map products. The 7. 5-minute mapping program is nearing completion with over 85 percent of the conterminous States mapped. The intermediate-scale mapping program of the conterminous United States is scheduled for completion of planimetric editions by the end of 1986. It is apparent that until digital cartographic data are available, implementation of the North American Datum 1983 will primarily consist of cartographic adjustment of existing map products.

Cartographic modeling of snow avalanche path location within Glacier National Park, Montana

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Walsh, Stephen J.; Brown, Daniel G.; Bian, Ling; Butler, David R.

1990-01-01

Geographic information system (GIS) techniques were applied to the study of snow-avalanche path location within Glacier National Park, Montana. Aerial photointerpretation and field surveys confirmed the location of 121 avalanche paths within the selected study area. Spatial and nonspatial information on each path were integrated using the ARC/INFO GIS. Lithologic, structural, hydrographic, topographic, and land-cover impacts on path location were analyzed. All path frequencies within variable classes were normalized by the area of class occurrence relative to the total area of the study area and were added to the morphometric information contained within INFO tables. The normalized values for each GIS coverage were used to cartographically model, by means of composite factor weightings, avalanche path locations.

Applied photo interpretation for airbrush cartography

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Inge, J. L.; Bridges, P. M.

1976-01-01

New techniques of cartographic portrayal have been developed for the compilation of maps of lunar and planetary surfaces. Conventional photo interpretation methods utilizing size, shape, shadow, tone, pattern, and texture are applied to computer processed satellite television images. The variety of the image data allows the illustrator to interpret image details by inter-comparison and intra-comparison of photographs. Comparative judgements are affected by illumination, resolution, variations in surface coloration, and transmission or processing artifacts. The validity of the interpretation process is tested by making a representational drawing by an airbrush portrayal technique. Production controls insure the consistency of a map series. Photo interpretive cartographic portrayal skills are used to prepare two kinds of map series and are adaptable to map products of different kinds and purposes.

MOLA: The Future of Mars Global Cartography

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Duxbury, T. C.; Smith, D. E.; Zuber, M. T.; Frey, H. V.; Garvin, J. B.; Head, J. W.; Muhleman, D. O.; Pettengill, G. H.; Phillips, R. J.; Solomon, S. C.

1999-01-01

The MGS Orbiter is carrying the high-precision Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) which, when combined with precision reconstructed orbital data and telemetered attitude data, provides a tie between inertial space and Mars-fixed coordinates to an accuracy of 100 m in latitude / longitude and 10 m in radius (1 sigma), orders of magnitude more accurate than previous global geodetic/ cartographic control data. Over the 2 year MGS mission lifetime, it is expected that over 30,000 MOLA Global Cartographic Control Points will be produced to form the basis for new and re-derived map and geodetic products, key to the analysis of existing and evolving MGS data as well as future Mars exploration. Additional information is contained in the original extended abstract.

Grids in topographic maps reduce distortions in the recall of learned object locations.

PubMed

Edler, Dennis; Bestgen, Anne-Kathrin; Kuchinke, Lars; Dickmann, Frank

2014-01-01

To date, it has been shown that cognitive map representations based on cartographic visualisations are systematically distorted. The grid is a traditional element of map graphics that has rarely been considered in research on perception-based spatial distortions. Grids do not only support the map reader in finding coordinates or locations of objects, they also provide a systematic structure for clustering visual map information ("spatial chunks"). The aim of this study was to examine whether different cartographic kinds of grids reduce spatial distortions and improve recall memory for object locations. Recall performance was measured as both the percentage of correctly recalled objects (hit rate) and the mean distance errors of correctly recalled objects (spatial accuracy). Different kinds of grids (continuous lines, dashed lines, crosses) were applied to topographic maps. These maps were also varied in their type of characteristic areas (LANDSCAPE) and different information layer compositions (DENSITY) to examine the effects of map complexity. The study involving 144 participants shows that all experimental cartographic factors (GRID, LANDSCAPE, DENSITY) improve recall performance and spatial accuracy of learned object locations. Overlaying a topographic map with a grid significantly reduces the mean distance errors of correctly recalled map objects. The paper includes a discussion of a square grid's usefulness concerning object location memory, independent of whether the grid is clearly visible (continuous or dashed lines) or only indicated by crosses.

1:2,000,000-scale digital line graph data on CD-ROM

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1995-01-01

Updated U.S. Geological Survey digital line graph (DLG) data collected at a scale of 1:2,000,000 are now available on two compact discs-read only memory (CD-ROM). Each CD-ROM contains digital cartographic data for 49 States and the District of Columbia. The U.S. Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, and Alaska will be ready within the next year. These DLG data were originally collected from maps published in 1970. Extensive revisions have been made and no data source more than 5 years old was used in this update. In addition, text files containing information such as place names and population have been added for the first time. The records in these text files can be related to corresponding features in the DLG data files. Metadata that comply with the Federal Geographic Data Committee Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata are included for each category of DLG data.

Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements: 2006

USGS Publications Warehouse

Seidelmann, P.K.; Archinal, B.A.; A'Hearn, M.F.; Conrad, A.; Consolmagno, G.J.; Hestroffer, D.; Hilton, J.L.; Krasinsky, G.A.; Neumann, G.; Oberst, J.; Stooke, P.; Tedesco, E.F.; Tholen, D.J.; Thomas, P.C.; Williams, I.P.

2007-01-01

Every three years the IAU/IAG Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements revises tables giving the directions of the poles of rotation and the prime meridians of the planets, satellites, minor planets, and comets. This report introduces improved values for the pole and rotation rate of Pluto, Charon, and Phoebe, the pole of Jupiter, the sizes and shapes of Saturn satellites and Charon, and the poles, rotation rates, and sizes of some minor planets and comets. A high precision realization for the pole and rotation rate of the Moon is provided. The expression for the Sun's rotation has been changed to be consistent with the planets and to account for light travel time ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

DATA ACQUISITION AND APPLICATIONS OF SIDE-LOOKING AIRBORNE RADAR IN THE U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Jones, John Edwin; Kover, Allan N.

1985-01-01

The Side-Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR) program encompasses a multi-discipline effort involving geologists, hydrologists, engineers, geographers, and cartographers of the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS). Since the program began in 1980, more than 520,000 square miles of aerial coverage of SLAR data in the conterminous United States and Alaska have been acquired or contracted for acquisition. The Geological Survey has supported more than 60 research and applications projects addressing the use of this technology in the earth sciences since 1980. These projects have included preparation of lithographic reproductions of SLAR mosaics, research to improve the cartographic uses of SLAR, research for use of SLAR in assessing earth hazards, and studies using SLAR for energy and mineral exploration through improved geologic mapping.

Towards an operational ERTS - requirements for implementing cartographic applications of an operational ERTS type satellite

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Colvocoresses, A. P.

1974-01-01

After nearly 18 months of successful operation of the first Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS-1), a careful look at the future in order. Judging from the results of ERTS-1 experiments, public sales of ERTS-1 products and overall worldwide response it is believed that ERTS-1 has demonstrated an earth sensing mode that should become operational. It is recognized that several studies leading to the definition of an operational ERTS have been made. However cartographic requirements are generally more basic and demanding than those of the earth science disciplines and are therefore treated separately in this report. One assumption made is that the configuration of ERTS, particularly with respect to the multispectral scanner and data transmission rates cannot be materially altered.

Historical cartographic materials as a source for international and cadastral boundary management in rivers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Srebro, Haim

2018-05-01

International and cadastral boundaries are important for ensuring stable legal territorial matters. This article deals with the long-term location and management of boundaries in rivers and the depiction of the rivers on cartographic materials. A few countries have agreed that the boundary will not follow changes in the river (like in the Mongolia-China Border Treaty), whereas most agree that the boundary will follow slow, natural and gradual changes in the river (like is stated in the Israel-Jordan Peace Treaty). The international boundary under the British Mandate between Palestine and Trans-Jordan in the Jordan and Yarmuk rivers was defined in 1922. The cadastral boundaries were defined in these rivers in the 1930s along the international boundary. For more than 70 years, until the Israel-Jordan 1994 Peace Treaty, the rivers have changed their channels east and westward to distances up to hundreds of meters. During that period the mandatory boundaries in these rivers changed their political status to the armistice lines, the cease-fire lines, and to international boundaries between sovereign states. These lines were usually delineated on topographic maps in the rivers, drawn by cartographers following contemporary map revision. During that entire period the cadastral boundaries were not changed in order to adapt them to the actual position of the rivers and to the delineated international boundaries. Owing to large water works on both rivers, including the construction of dams and diversion channels in order to meet the increasing needs of the population on both sides, the water flow of the rivers decreased dramatically to less than one tenth of the original natural flow. The population today is more than ten times than it used to be under the British Mandate. The changes in the water channels during the last 20 years since the 1994 peace treaty are in the magnitude of 10 meters versus hundreds of meters in the past. In addition, intensive land cultivation adjacent to the river banks has stabilized them. In 2000, due to the construction of a dam on the Yarmuk River, both sides jointly fixed coordinates of the relevant boundary line in the river according to the boundary delineation in the peace treaty. The accumulated artificial changes along both rivers have cancelled their natural behavior and have influenced the changes in the river channels. This may justify an initiative to fix the boundary lines in both rivers by coordinates according to the peace treaty delimitation, enabling the cadastral boundaries to be fixed according to the fixed international boundary line. The article analyzes boundary line management in changing rivers in light of development of the legal approach and practice from the time of the Romans until today. It analyzes the special case of the boundary line in the Jordan and Yarmuk rivers, and introduces a proposal for stabilizing this boundary line. The research of the changes of these rivers is based on changes in the depiction of their channels on various kinds of maps and cartographic sources, produced through the last century by many producers. They include British, German, ANZAC, Israeli and Jordanian maps and charts. The cartographic materials include large scale field survey sheets and engineering charts from the 1920s, cadastral charts from the 1930s, topographic maps produced through the last century and orthophoto maps produced since the 1990s, including joint Israeli-Jordanian orthophoto and charts produced by the Joint Boundary Commission as part of the peace agreement and its implementation. The article includes a variety of cartographic examples.

Sedimentation rates and erosion changes recorded in recent sediments of Lake Piaseczno, south-eastern Poland

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tylmann, Wojciech; Turczyński, Marek; Kinder, Małgorzata

2009-10-01

This paper presents the dating results and basic analyses of recent sediments from Lake Piaseczno. The age of sediments was determined using the 210Pb method and constant flux: constant sedimentation (CF: CS) model. The estimated timescale was in agreement with the AMS14C date from the base of the core. The mean sediment accumulation rate during the last 100 years was calculated as 0.025 g cm-2 a-1. Based on the radiocarbon date, the rate of sediment accumulation below the 210Pb dating horizon was estimated as 0.066 g cm-2 a-1. The variability of main physical properties and sediment components along the core was analysed as well. The sediments were characterised by a very high water content (>80%). Carbonates were either not present or at a very low level (<1%). However, organic and minerogenic matter variability represents an interesting record of increasing erosion intensity in the catchment area. Analysis of archival cartographic materials demonstrated that the most likely reason for the enhanced transport of minerogenic matter to the lake was deforestation caused by human activity in the beginning of the 20th century.

Population Growth Types in India, 1961-71

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chakravarti, A. K.

1976-01-01

An effective means of cartographic representation of India's population growth and its spatial characteristics is the focus of this paper. A population growth index and population growth types are discussed. (Author/ND)

Mercury's Reference Frames After the MESSENGER Mission

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stark, A.; Oberst, J.; Preusker, F.; Burmeister, S.; Steinbrügge, G.; Hussmann, H.

2018-05-01

We provide an overview of Mercury's reference frames based on MESSENGER observations. We discuss the dynamical, the principal-axes, the ellipsoid, as well as the cartographic frame, which was adopted for MESSENGER data products.

The ties that bind: Soil surveyor William Edgar Tharp and oceanographic cartographer Marie Tharp

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Landa, Edward R.

The link between soil science and geology is personified in the American father and daughter: soil surveyor William Edgar Tharp (1870-1959) and oceanographic cartographer Marie Tharp (1920-2006). From 1904 to 1935, W.E. Tharp mapped soils in 14 states for the US Department of Agriculture, and campaigned during the late 1920s-early 1930s to raise awareness of the high rates of soil erosion from croplands. The lifestyle of the federal soil surveyor in the United States during the early 20th century involved frequent household moves, and it played a formative role in Marie Tharp’s childhood. Her path to a career in geology was molded by this family experience, by mentors encountered in the classroom, and by social barriers that faced women scientists of that era.

The US Geological Survey's National Mapping Division programs, products, and services that can support wetlands mapping

USGS Publications Warehouse

Baxter, F.S.

1990-01-01

The US Geological Survey (USGS) programs can play an important role in support of President Bush's policy of no net loss of wetlands. A principal goal of USGS is to provide cartographic information that contributes to the wise management of the Nation's natural resources. This information consists of maps, cartographic data bases (graphic and digital), remotely sensed imagery, and information services. These products are used by Federal, State, and local governments, the private sector, and individual citizens in making decisions on the existence and use of land and water resources. I discuss the programs, products, and information services of the National Mapping Division, the tools available to determine where wetlands exist, and the capability of periodic measurement of wetlands to help in assessing compliance with the concept of no net loss of wetlands. -from Author

Mapa mondi (Catalan Atlas of 1375), Majorcan cartographic school, and 14th century Asia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lišèák, Vladimír

2018-05-01

This paper deals with the Mapa mondi drawn and written in about 1375. It is my starting study about this important map of the medieval period in the Catalan language and the finest work to come from the Majorcan cartographic school of the fourteenth century. The aim of this paper is to give a general overview of the publication with some details on descriptions of the portion of Asia, and in more details as regards China. This map is known also as the Catalan Atlas, because it is composed of several tables sketching out the world known at that time, from the Atlantic Coast of Europe to the Pacific Coast of East Asia. The main sources for the eastern parts of the world were travelogues of Marco Polo, John Mandeville, and Odoric of Pordenone. The presumable author of the Catalan Atlas, Cresques Abra-ham (1325-1387), a Jewish cartographer from Palma, was "master of mappæ mundi and compasses" to Peter IV (III), the King of Aragon. He worked on the atlas with his son Jehudà, who after the Aragonese persecutions of 1391, converted to Christianity. The atlas contained the latest information on Africa, Asia, and China and was considered to be the most complete picture of geographical knowledge as it stood in the later Middle Ages. The translations of original texts and interpretations, based on facsimiles of original source and on secondary sources until 2016, will be a part of this paper.

Mapping the Literature of GIS

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scarletto, Edith A.

2014-01-01

This study analyzed citations in four journals, "Annals of the Association of American Geographers," "Cartography and Geographic Information Science," "International Journal of Geographical Information Science," and "Cartographic Journal," using Bradford's Law of Scattering to identify three influence zones…

Texture Analysis and Cartographic Feature Extraction.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-01-01

Investigations into using various image descriptors as well as developing interactive feature extraction software on the Digital Image Analysis Laboratory...system. Originator-supplied keywords: Ad-Hoc image descriptor; Bayes classifier; Bhattachryya distance; Clustering; Digital Image Analysis Laboratory

Web mapping system for complex processing and visualization of environmental geospatial datasets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Titov, Alexander; Gordov, Evgeny; Okladnikov, Igor

2016-04-01

Environmental geospatial datasets (meteorological observations, modeling and reanalysis results, etc.) are used in numerous research applications. Due to a number of objective reasons such as inherent heterogeneity of environmental datasets, big dataset volume, complexity of data models used, syntactic and semantic differences that complicate creation and use of unified terminology, the development of environmental geodata access, processing and visualization services as well as client applications turns out to be quite a sophisticated task. According to general INSPIRE requirements to data visualization geoportal web applications have to provide such standard functionality as data overview, image navigation, scrolling, scaling and graphical overlay, displaying map legends and corresponding metadata information. It should be noted that modern web mapping systems as integrated geoportal applications are developed based on the SOA and might be considered as complexes of interconnected software tools for working with geospatial data. In the report a complex web mapping system including GIS web client and corresponding OGC services for working with geospatial (NetCDF, PostGIS) dataset archive is presented. There are three basic tiers of the GIS web client in it: 1. Tier of geospatial metadata retrieved from central MySQL repository and represented in JSON format 2. Tier of JavaScript objects implementing methods handling: --- NetCDF metadata --- Task XML object for configuring user calculations, input and output formats --- OGC WMS/WFS cartographical services 3. Graphical user interface (GUI) tier representing JavaScript objects realizing web application business logic Metadata tier consists of a number of JSON objects containing technical information describing geospatial datasets (such as spatio-temporal resolution, meteorological parameters, valid processing methods, etc). The middleware tier of JavaScript objects implementing methods for handling geospatial metadata, task XML object, and WMS/WFS cartographical services interconnects metadata and GUI tiers. The methods include such procedures as JSON metadata downloading and update, launching and tracking of the calculation task running on the remote servers as well as working with WMS/WFS cartographical services including: obtaining the list of available layers, visualizing layers on the map, exporting layers in graphical (PNG, JPG, GeoTIFF), vector (KML, GML, Shape) and digital (NetCDF) formats. Graphical user interface tier is based on the bundle of JavaScript libraries (OpenLayers, GeoExt and ExtJS) and represents a set of software components implementing web mapping application business logic (complex menus, toolbars, wizards, event handlers, etc.). GUI provides two basic capabilities for the end user: configuring the task XML object functionality and cartographical information visualizing. The web interface developed is similar to the interface of such popular desktop GIS applications, as uDIG, QuantumGIS etc. Web mapping system developed has shown its effectiveness in the process of solving real climate change research problems and disseminating investigation results in cartographical form. The work is supported by SB RAS Basic Program Projects VIII.80.2.1 and IV.38.1.7.

Divisions i and III / Working Group: Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Archinal, Brent A.; Seidelmann, P. Kenneth; A'Hearn, Michael F.; Conrad, Albert R.; Consolmagno, Guy J.; Courtin, Régis; Fukushima, Toshio; Hestroffer, Daniel; Hilton, James L.; Neumann, Gregory A.; Oberst, Jürgen; Stooke, Philip J.; Tholen, David J.; Thomas, Peter C.; Williams, Iwan P.

2012-04-01

As in the past, the primary activity of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements has been to prepare and publish a triennial (``2009'') report containing current recommendations for models for Solar System bodies (Archinal et al. (2011a)). The authors are B. A. Archinal, M. F. A'Hearn, E. Bowell, A. Conrad, G. J. Consolmagno, R. Courtin, T. Fukushima, D. Hestroffer, J. L. Hilton, G. A. Krasinsky, G. Neumann, J. Oberst, P. K. Seidelmann, P. Stooke, D. J. Tholen, P. C. Thomas, and I. P. Williams. An erratum to the ``2006'' and ``2009'' reports has also been published (Archinal et al. (2011b)). Below we briefly summarize the contents of the 2009 report, a plan to consider requests for new recommendations more often than every three years, three general recommendations by the WG to the planetary community, other WG activities, and plans for our next report.

Spatially Characterizing Effective Timber Supply

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Berry, J. K.; Sailor, J.

1982-01-01

The structure of a computer-oriented cartographic model for assessing roundwood supply for generation of base load electricity is discussed. The model provides an analytical procedure for coupling spatial information of harvesting economics and owner willingness to sell stumpages. Supply is characterized in terms of standing timber; of accessibility considering various harvesting and hauling factors; and of availability as affected by ownership and residential patterns. Factors governing accessibility to timber include effective harvesting distance to haulic roads as modified by barriers and slopes. Haul distance is expressed in units that take into account the relative ease of travel along various road types to a central processing facility. Areas of accessible timber are grouped into spatial units, termed 'timbersheds', of common access to particular haul road segments that belong to unique 'transport zones'. Timber availability considerations include size of ownership parcels, housing density and excluded areas. The analysis techniques are demonstrated for a cartographic data base in western Massachusetts.

Space-Time Dynamics of Soil Moisture and Temperature: Scale issues

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mohanty, Binayak P.; Miller, Douglas A.; Th.vanGenuchten, M.

2003-01-01

The goal of this project is to gain further understanding of soil moisture/temperature dynamics at different spatio-temporal scales and physical controls/parameters.We created a comprehensive GIS database, which has been accessed extensively by NASA Land Surface Hydrology investigators (and others), is located at the following URL: http://www.essc.psu.edu/nasalsh. For soil moisture field experiments such as SGP97, SGP99, SMEX02, and SMEX03, cartographic products were designed for multiple applications, both pre- and post-mission. Premission applications included flight line planning and field operations logistics, as well as general insight into the extent and distribution of soil, vegetation, and topographic properties for the study areas. The cartographic products were created from original spatial information resources that were imported into Adobe Illustrator, where the maps were created and PDF versions were made for distribution and download.

Cartographic and geodetic methods to characterize the potential landing sites for the future Russian missions Luna-Glob and Luna-Resurs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karachevtseva, I. P.; Kokhanov, A. A.; Konopikhin, A. A.; Nadezhdina, I. E.; Zubarev, A. E.; Patratiy, V. D.; Kozlova, N. A.; Uchaev, D. V.; Uchaev, Dm. V.; Malinnikov, V. A.; Oberst, J.

2015-04-01

Characterization of the potential landing sites for the planned Luna-Glob and Luna-Resurs Russian missions requires cartographic and geodetic support prepared with special methods and techniques that are briefly overviewed here. The data used in the analysis, including the digital terrain models (DTMs) and the orthoimages acquired in the survey carried out from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and Kaguya spacecraft, are described and evaluated. By way of illustration, different regions of the lunar surface, including the subpolar regions of the Moon, are characterized with the suggested methods and the GIS-technologies. The development of the information support for the future lunar missions started in 2011, and it is now carried on in MIIGAiK Extraterrestrial Laboratory (MExLab), which is a department of the Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography (MIIGAiK).

Recognition of handprinted characters for automated cartography A progress report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lybanon, M.; Brown, R. M.; Gronmeyer, L. K.

1980-01-01

A research program for developing handwritten character recognition techniques is reported. The generation of cartographic/hydrographic manuscripts is overviewed. The performance of hardware/software systems is discussed, along with future research problem areas and planned approaches.

Urban Groundwater Mapping - Bucharest City Area Case Study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gaitanaru, Dragos; Radu Gogu, Constantin; Bica, Ioan; Anghel, Leonard; Amine Boukhemacha, Mohamed; Ionita, Angela

2013-04-01

Urban Groundwater Mapping (UGM) is a generic term for a collection of procedures and techniques used to create targeted cartographic representation of the groundwater related aspects in urban areas. The urban environment alters the physical and chemical characteristics of the underneath aquifers. The scale of the pressure is controlled by the urban development in time and space. To have a clear image on the spatial and temporal distribution of different groundwater- urban structures interaction we need a set of thematic maps is needed. In the present study it is described the methodological approach used to obtain a reliable cartographic product for Bucharest City area. The first step in the current study was to identify the groundwater related problems and aspects (changes in the groundwater table, infiltration and seepage from and to the city sewer network, contamination spread to all three aquifers systems located in quaternary sedimentary formations, dewatering impact for large underground structures, management and political drawbacks). The second step was data collection and validation. In urban areas there is a big spectrum of data providers related to groundwater. Due to the fact that data is produced and distributed by different types of organizations (national agencies, private companies, municipal water regulator, etc) the validation and cross check process is mandatory. The data is stored and managed by a geospatial database. The design of the database follows an object-orientated paradigm and is easily extensible. The third step consists of a set of procedures based on a multi criteria assessment that creates the specific setup for the thematic maps. The assessment is based on the following criteria: (1) scale effect , (2) time , (3) vertical distribution and (4) type of the groundwater related problem. The final step is the cartographic representation. In this final step the urban groundwater maps are created. All the methodological steps are doubled by programmed procedures developed in a groundwater management platform for urban areas. The core of the procedures is represented by a set of well defined hydrogeological set of geospatial queries. The cartographic products (urban groundwater maps) can be used by different types of users: civil engineers, urban planners, scientist as well as decision and policies makers.

Looking for an old aerial photograph

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1997-01-01

Attempts to photograph the surface of the Earth date from the 1800's, when photographers attached cameras to balloons, kites, and even pigeons. Today, aerial photographs and satellite images are commonplace. The rate of acquiring aerial photographs and satellite images has increased rapidly in recent years. Views of the Earth obtained from aircraft or satellites have become valuable tools to Government resource planners and managers, land-use experts, environmentalists, engineers, scientists, and a wide variety of other users. Many people want historical aerial photographs for business or personal reasons. They may want to locate the boundaries of an old farm or a piece of family property. Or they may want a photograph as a record of changes in their neighborhood, or as a gift. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) maintains the Earth Science Information Centers (ESIC?s) to sell aerial photographs, remotely sensed images from satellites, a wide array of digital geographic and cartographic data, as well as the Bureau?s wellknown maps. Declassified photographs from early spy satellites were recently added to the ESIC offerings of historical images. Using the Aerial Photography Summary Record System database, ESIC researchers can help customers find imagery in the collections of other Federal agencies and, in some cases, those of private companies that specialize in esoteric products.

National Cartographic Information Center Newsletter No. 8

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1978-01-01

In this issue we cover several interesting topics, including a report on the NCIC/Special Libraries Association meeting in Denver, the launching of a third Landsat satellite with a new thermal band, and the formation of a new California map society.

Analysis of land use changes over the last 200 years in the catchment of Lake Czechowskie (Pomerania, northern Poland)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tyszkowski, Sebastian; Kaczmarek, Halina

2014-05-01

Changes in land cover in the catchment area are, beside climate change, some of the major factors affecting sedimentation processes in lakes. With increasing human impact, changes in land cover no longer depend primarily on climate. In relation to research on sediments of Lake Czechowskie in Pomeranian Province in North Poland, land use changes over the last 200 years were analysed, with particular reference to deforestation or afforestation. The study area was the lake catchment, which covers nearly 20 km2. The analysis was based on archival and contemporary cartographic and photogrammetric materials, georeferenced and rectified using ArcGIS software. The following materials were used: Schrötter-Engelhart, Karte von Ost-Preussen nebst Preussisch Litthauen und West-Preussen nebst dem Netzdistrict, 1:50 000, section 92, 93, 1796-1802; Map Messtishchblatt, 1:25000, sheet Czarnen, (mapping conducted in 1874), 1932; Map WIG (Military Geographical Institute - Wojskowy Instytut Geograficzny), 1:25000, sheet Osowo, (mapping conducted in 1929-31), 1933; aerial photos 1:13000, 1964, 1969; 1:25000, 1987; 1:26000, 1997; aerial ortophotomap , 1:5000, 2010. Today, over 60% of the catchment of Lake Czechowskie is covered with forests, dominated by planted Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), while the remaining areas are used for agricultural purposes or are built up. The first cartographic materials indicate that in the late 18th c., forest covered almost 50% of the catchment surface. By the year 1870, there was a significant reduction in the forested area, as its contribution fell to 40%. Deforestation took place mainly between the main villages. In the 1920s the forest cover increased to 44%. Today, almost the entire lake is surrounded by forest and a wetland belt (at least 0.5 km wide). Deforestation in the catchment should not be attributed solely to logging because the area of Tuchola Forests (Bory Tucholskie) was repeatedly affected by natural disasters. In the 19th c. these predominantly included fires, while in the 20th c., mostly pest outbreaks were observed. Human activity in the catchment of Lake Czechowskie, shown in the cartographic materials from the late 18th and early 19th c., is also manifested by the creation of dams on the lake, which might have increased water level in the lake. The early 20th c., imaged on the map from 1933, was a period of intense change, leading to agricultural use of wetlands. They were drained by ditches, also in the Trzechowskie peatland. This study was supported by the Virtual Institute of Integrated Climate and Landscape Evolution (ICLEA) of the Helmholtz Association and the research project no. 2011/01/B/ST10/07367 Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education

Application of satellite pictures to census operations. Bolivian experience in census-taking of population and residences

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1978-01-01

The use of photographs from satellites to assist in census operations is discussed. Principles of selecting the sources of cartographic information are outlined, and the use of LANDSAT pictures in census cartography is examined.

Cartographic Design in Flood Risk Mapping - A Challenge for Communication and Stakeholder Involvement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fuchs, S.; Serrhini, K.; Dorner, W.

2009-12-01

In order to mitigate flood hazards and to minimise associated losses, technical protection measures have been additionally and increasingly supplemented by non-technical mitigation, i.e. land-use planning activities. This is commonly done by creating maps which indicate such areas by different cartographic symbols, such as colour, size, shape, and typography. Hazard and risk mapping is the accepted procedure when communicating potential threats to stakeholders, and is therefore required in the European Member States in order to meet the demands of the European Flood Risk Directive. However, available information is sparse concerning the impact of such maps on different stakeholders, i.e., specialists in flood risk management, politicians, and affected citizens. The lack of information stems from a traditional approach to map production which does not take into account specific end-user needs. In order to overcome this information shortage the current study used a circular approach such that feed-back mechanisms originating from different perception patterns of the end user would be considered. Different sets of small-scale as well as large-scale risk maps were presented to different groups of test persons in order to (1) study reading behaviour as well as understanding and (2) deduce the most attractive components that are essential for target-oriented communication of cartographic information. Therefore, the method of eye tracking was applied using a video-oculography technique. This resulted in a suggestion for a map template which fulfils the requirement to serve as an efficient communication tool for specialists and practitioners in hazard and risk mapping as well as for laypersons. Taking the results of this study will enable public authorities who are responsible for flood mitigation to (1) improve their flood risk maps, (2) enhance flood risk awareness, and therefore (3) create more disaster-resilient communities.

Assessment of the postagrogenic transformation of soddy-podzolic soils: Cartographic and analytic support

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sorokina, N. P.; Kozlov, D. N.; Kuznetsova, I. V.

2013-10-01

The results of experimental studies of the postagrogenic transformation of loamy soddy-podzolic soils on the southern slope of the Klin-Dmitrov Moraine Ridge are discussed. A chronosequence of soils (arable soils (cropland)-soils under fallow with meadow vegetation-soils under secondary forests of different ages-soils under a conventionally initial native forest) was examined, and the stages of the postagrogenic transformation of the automorphic soddy-podzolic soils were identified. The differentiation of the former plow horizon into the A1 and A1A2 horizons (according to the differences in the humus content, texture, and acidity) served as the major criterion of the soil transformation. A stage of textural differentiation with clay depletion from the uppermost layer was identified in the soils of the 20- to 60-year-old fallows. The specificity of the postagrogenic transformation of the soils on the slopes was demonstrated. From the methodological point of view, it was important to differentiate between the chronosequences of automorphic and semihydromorphic soils of the leveled interfluves and the soils of the slopes. For this purpose, a series of maps reflecting the history of the land use and the soil cover pattern was analyzed. The cartographic model included the attribute data of the soil surveys, the cartographic sources (a series of historical maps of the land use, topographic maps, remote sensing data, and a digital elevation model), and two base maps: (a) the integral map of the land use and (b) the map of the soil combinations with the separation of the zonal automorphic, semihydromorphic, and erosional soil combinations. This scheme served as a matrix for the organization and analysis of the already available and new materials.

Leveraging GeoTIFF Compatibility for Visualizing a New EASE-Grid 2.0 Global Satellite Passive Microwave Climate Record

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paget, A. C.; Brodzik, M. J.; Long, D. G.; Hardman, M.

2016-02-01

The historical record of satellite-derived passive microwave brightness temperatures comprises data from multiple imaging radiometers (SMMR, SSM/I-SSMIS, AMSR-E), spanning nearly 40 years of Earth observations from 1978 to the present. Passive microwave data are used to monitor time series of many climatological variables, including ocean wind speeds, cloud liquid water and sea ice concentrations and ice velocity. Gridded versions of passive microwave data have been produced using various map projections (polar stereographic, Lambert azimuthal equal-area, cylindrical equal-area, quarter-degree Platte-Carree) and data formats (flat binary, HDF). However, none of the currently available versions can be rendered in the common visualization standard, geoTIFF, without requiring cartographic reprojection. Furthermore, the reprojection details are complicated and often require expert knowledge of obscure software package options. We are producing a consistently calibrated, completely reprocessed data set of this valuable multi-sensor satellite record, using EASE-Grid 2.0, an improved equal-area projection definition that will require no reprojection for translation into geoTIFF. Our approach has been twofold: 1) define the projection ellipsoid to match the reference datum of the satellite data, and 2) include required file-level metadata for standard projection software to correctly render the data in the geoTIFF standard. The Calibrated, Enhanced Resolution Brightness Temperature (CETB) Earth System Data Record (ESDR), leverages image reconstruction techniques to enhance gridded spatial resolution to 3 km and uses newly available intersensor calibrations to improve the quality of derived geophysical products. We expect that our attention to easy geoTIFF compatibility will foster higher-quality analysis with the CETB product by enabling easy and correct intercomparison with other gridded and in situ data.

Data Visualization in Information Retrieval and Data Mining (SIG VIS).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Efthimiadis, Efthimis

2000-01-01

Presents abstracts that discuss using data visualization for information retrieval and data mining, including immersive information space and spatial metaphors; spatial data using multi-dimensional matrices with maps; TREC (Text Retrieval Conference) experiments; users' information needs in cartographic information retrieval; and users' relevance…

Mappaemundi, Maps and the Romantic Aesthetic in Children's Books

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doherty, Peter

2017-01-01

This article considers the extent to which medieval "mappaemundi" are an important precedent for literary cartographies in fiction for children. It connects the notion of embeddedness to Peta Mitchell's (2011) suggestion that "mappaemundi" refused to entertain the later, post-Enlightenment cartographic distinction between…

Photographic catalog of selected planetary size comparisons

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meszaros, S. P.

1985-01-01

Photographs taken by NASA spacecraft, and cartographic products based on these photos, are used to illustrate size comparisons of the planets and moons of the solar system. Global views and prominent geographical features are depicted at the same scale, allowing size relationships to be studied visually.

Simultaneous Visualization of Different Utility Networks for Disaster Management

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Semm, S.; Becker, T.; Kolbe, T. H.

2012-07-01

Cartographic visualizations of crises are used to create a Common Operational Picture (COP) and enforce Situational Awareness by presenting and representing relevant information. As nearly all crises affect geospatial entities, geo-data representations have to support location-specific decision-making throughout the crises. Since, Operator's attention span and their working memory are limiting factors for the process of getting and interpreting information; the cartographic presentation has to support individuals in coordinating their activities and with handling highly dynamic situations. The Situational Awareness of operators in conjunction with a COP are key aspects of the decision making process and essential for coming to appropriate decisions. Utility networks are one of the most complex and most needed systems within a city. The visualization of utility infrastructure in crisis situations is addressed in this paper. The paper will provide a conceptual approach on how to simplify, aggregate, and visualize multiple utility networks and their components to meet the requirements of the decision-making process and to support Situational Awareness.

Digital Elevation Models

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1993-01-01

The Earth Science Information Center (ESIC) distributes digital cartographic/geographic data files produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as part of the National Mapping Program. Digital cartographic data files may be grouped into four basic types. The first of these, called a Digital Line Graph (DLG), is the line map information in digital form. These data files include information on base data categories, such as transportation, hypsography, hydrography, and boundaries. The second type, called a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), consists of a sampled array of elevations for a number of ground positions at regularly spaced intervals. The third type is Land Use and Land Cover digital data which provides information on nine major classes of land use such as urban, agricultural, or forest as well as associated map data such as political units and Federal land ownership. The fourth type, the Geographic Names Information System, provides primary information for all known places, features, and areas in the United States identified by a proper name.

Digital line graphs from 1:24,000-scale maps

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1990-01-01

The Earth Science Information Centers (ESIC) distribute digital cartographic/geographic data files produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as part of the National Mapping Program. Digital cartographic data flles are grouped into four basic types. The first of these, called a Digital Line . Graph (DLG), is line map information in digital form. These data files include information on planimetric base categories, such as transportation, hydrography, and boundaries. The second type, called a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), consists of a sampled array of elevations for a number of ground positions that are usually at regularly spaced intervals. The third type is Land Use and Land Cover digital data, which provides information on nine major classes of land use such as urban, agricultural, or forest as wen as associated map data such as political units and Federal land ownership. The fourth type, the Geographic Names Information System, provides primary information for all known places, features, and areas in the United States identified by a proper name.

Review of edgematchimg procedures for digital cartographic data used in Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Nebert, D.D.

1989-01-01

In the process of developing a continuous hydrographic data layer for water resources applications in the Pacific Northwest, map-edge discontinuities in the U.S. Geological Survey 1:100 ,000-scale digital data that required application of computer-assisted edgematching procedures were identified. The spatial data sets required by the project must have line features that match closely enough across map boundaries to ensure full line topology when adjacent files are joined by the computer. Automated edgematching techniques are evaluated as to their effects on positional accuracy. Interactive methods such as selective node-matching and on-screen editing are also reviewed. Interactive procedures complement automated methods by allowing supervision of edgematching in a cartographic and hydrologic context. Common edge conditions encountered in the preparation of the Northwest Rivers data base are described, as are recommended processing solutions. Suggested edgematching procedures for 1:100,000-scale hydrography data are included in an appendix to encourage consistent processing of this theme on a national scale. (USGS)

Mapping historical landscape changes with the use of a space-time cube

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bogucka, Edyta P.; Jahnke, Mathias

2018-05-01

In this contribution, we introduce geographic concepts in the humanities and present the results of a spacetime visualization of ancient buildings over the last centuries. The techniques and approaches used were based on cartographic research to visualize spatio-temporal information. As a case study, we applied cartographic styling techniques to a model of the Royal Castle in Warsaw and its different spatial elements, which were constructed and destroyed during their eventful history. In our case, the space-time cube approach seems to be the most suitable representation of this spatio-temporal information. Therefore, we digitized the different footprints of the castle during the ancient centuries as well as the landscape structure around, and annotated them with monarchies, epochs and time. During the digitization process, we had to cope with difficulties like sources in various scales and map projections, which resulted in varying accuracies. The results were stored in KML to support a wide variety of visualization platforms.

MapFactory - Towards a mapping design pattern for big geospatial data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rautenbach, Victoria; Coetzee, Serena

2018-05-01

With big geospatial data emerging, cartographers and geographic information scientists have to find new ways of dealing with the volume, variety, velocity, and veracity (4Vs) of the data. This requires the development of tools that allow processing, filtering, analysing, and visualising of big data through multidisciplinary collaboration. In this paper, we present the MapFactory design pattern that will be used for the creation of different maps according to the (input) design specification for big geospatial data. The design specification is based on elements from ISO19115-1:2014 Geographic information - Metadata - Part 1: Fundamentals that would guide the design and development of the map or set of maps to be produced. The results of the exploratory research suggest that the MapFactory design pattern will help with software reuse and communication. The MapFactory design pattern will aid software developers to build the tools that are required to automate map making with big geospatial data. The resulting maps would assist cartographers and others to make sense of big geospatial data.

Integration of imagery and cartographic data through a common map base

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Clark, J.

1983-01-01

Several disparate data types are integrated by using control points as the basis for spatially registering the data to a map base. The data are reprojected to match the coordinates of the reference UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) map projection, as expressed in lines and samples. Control point selection is the most critical aspect of integrating the Thematic Mapper Simulator MSS imagery with the cartographic data. It is noted that control points chosen from the imagery are subject to error from mislocated points, either points that did not correlate well to the reference map or minor pixel offsets because of interactive cursorring errors. Errors are also introduced in map control points when points are improperly located and digitized, leading to inaccurate latitude and longitude coordinates. Nonsystematic aircraft platform variations, such as yawl, pitch, and roll, affect the spatial fidelity of the imagery in comparison with the quadrangles. Features in adjacent flight paths do not always correspond properly owing to the systematic panorama effect and alteration of flightline direction, as well as platform variations.

Progressive simplification and transmission of building polygons based on triangle meshes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Hongsheng; Wang, Yingjie; Guo, Qingsheng; Han, Jiafu

2010-11-01

Digital earth is a virtual representation of our planet and a data integration platform which aims at harnessing multisource, multi-resolution, multi-format spatial data. This paper introduces a research framework integrating progressive cartographic generalization and transmission of vector data. The progressive cartographic generalization provides multiple resolution data from coarse to fine as key scales and increments between them which is not available in traditional generalization framework. Based on the progressive simplification algorithm, the building polygons are triangulated into meshes and encoded according to the simplification sequence of two basic operations, edge collapse and vertex split. The map data at key scales and encoded increments between them are stored in a multi-resolution file. As the client submits requests to the server, the coarsest map is transmitted first and then the increments. After data decoding and mesh refinement the building polygons with more details will be visualized. Progressive generalization and transmission of building polygons is demonstrated in the paper.

Fundamental procedures of geographic information analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Berry, J. K.; Tomlin, C. D.

1981-01-01

Analytical procedures common to most computer-oriented geographic information systems are composed of fundamental map processing operations. A conceptual framework for such procedures is developed and basic operations common to a broad range of applications are described. Among the major classes of primitive operations identified are those associated with: reclassifying map categories as a function of the initial classification, the shape, the position, or the size of the spatial configuration associated with each category; overlaying maps on a point-by-point, a category-wide, or a map-wide basis; measuring distance; establishing visual or optimal path connectivity; and characterizing cartographic neighborhoods based on the thematic or spatial attributes of the data values within each neighborhood. By organizing such operations in a coherent manner, the basis for a generalized cartographic modeling structure can be developed which accommodates a variety of needs in a common, flexible and intuitive manner. The use of each is limited only by the general thematic and spatial nature of the data to which it is applied.

Arizona land use experiment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Winikka, C. C.; Schumann, H. H.

1975-01-01

Utilization of new sources of statewide remote sensing data, taken from high-altitude aircraft and from spacecraft is discussed along with incorporation of information extracted from these sources into on-going land and resources management programs in Arizona. Statewide cartographic applications of remote sensor data taken by NASA high-altitude aircraft include the development of a statewide semi-analytic control network, the production of nearly 1900 orthophotoquads (image maps) that are coincident in scale and area with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 7. 5 minute topographic quadrangle map series, and satellite image maps of Arizona produced from LANDSAt multispectral scanner imagery. These cartographic products are utilized for a wide variety of experimental and operational earth resources applications. Applications of the imagery, image maps, and derived information discussed include: soils and geologic mapping projects, water resources investigations, land use inventories, environmental impact studies, highway route locations and mapping, vegetation cover mapping, wildlife habitat studies, power plant siting studies, statewide delineation of irrigation cropland, position determination of drilling sites, pictorial geographic bases for thematic mapping, and court exhibits.

Measuring Global Position Using the Sun

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murphy, Evan; Hughes, Stephen

2014-01-01

The determination of latitude and longitude on Earth has always been of interest to explorers and cartographers alike. Accurate positional information is often needed for rescue purposes in locations where satellite navigational systems are inoperable. The activity described in this paper demonstrates a simple procedure to determine latitude and…

Reflections on the Gall-Peters Projection.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robinson, Arthur H.

1987-01-01

Explains the cartographic qualities of rectangular world maps and compares the merits of various projections such as the Mercator and the recently-created Gall-Peters. States that the Gall-Peters projection does not provide a reasonable base for a general world map; that no rectangular projection does. (JDH)

Material of Geographic Import in the National Anthropological Archives.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glenn, James R.

Presenting specific examples of the manuscripts, cartographic materials, and pictorial materials found in the National Anthropological Archives, this paper describes Archive holdings (in such areas as archeology, linguistics, physical anthropology, and various branches of ethnology) which are dated from 1850 to the present and are representative…

Eutrophication of an Urban Forest Ecosystem: Causes and Effects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bednova, O. V.; Kuznetsov, V. A.; Tarasova, N. P.

2018-01-01

The combined use of methods of passive dosimetry of the status of atmospheric air, phytoindication, and cartographic visualization of data made it possible to elaborate and substantiate approaches to evaluation of the effect of atmospheric air contamination on the eutrophication of forest ecosystems under urban conditions.

Personal History Questionnaire.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Educational Testing Service, Princeton, NJ.

A questionnaire given to 450 cartographic technicians at U.S. Army TOPOCOM is provided. A few questions from the preliminary questionnaire (see TM 001 465) were included, such as sex, age, and GS level. Additional questions deal with parents' education and occupation, technicians' English language facility, level of education reached, and several…

Cartographic Methods for Determining the Qibla

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kimerling, A. Jon

2002-01-01

Islam is an important topic in human and regional geography instruction, and major textbooks include maps showing Islam's core and rapid expansion diffusion, along with the number of pilgrims to Mecca from different countries. Determining the qibla, the sacred direction for daily prayer, and the distance to Mecca are additional topics that link…

Map-Reading Skill Development with 3D Technologies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carbonell Carrera, Carlos; Avarvarei, Bogdan Vlad; Chelariu, Elena Liliana; Draghia, Lucia; Avarvarei, Simona Catrinel

2017-01-01

Landforms often are represented on maps using abstract cartographic techniques that the reader must interpret for successful three-dimensional terrain visualization. New technologies in 3D landscape representation, both digital and tangible, offer the opportunity to visualize terrain in new ways. The results of a university student workshop, in…

Land use, urban, environmental, and cartographic applications, chapter 2, part D

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1975-01-01

Microwave data and its use in effective state, regional, and national land use planning are dealt with. Special attention was given to monitoring land use change, especially dynamic components, and the interaction between land use and dynamic features of the environment. Disaster and environmental monitoring are also discussed.

Staff - Patricia E. Gallagher | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

Alaska's Mineral Industry Reports AKGeology.info Rare Earth Elements WebGeochem Engineering Geology Alaska Fairbanks and is currently working toward becoming a certified GIS professional. Position: GIS Analyst professional. Professional Experience 2013-present - Cartographer/GIS Analyst, State of Alaska, Division of

Preserving History in a Digital World

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baumann, Jim

2012-01-01

Stanford University's (California) Julie Sweetkind-Singer is a recognized authority on digital preservation, and has been honored by the Library of Congress for her work in the field. She currently serves as both the assistant director of Stanford's Geospatial, Cartographic and Scientific Data and Services and as head of the Branner Earth Sciences…

Cartographic applications software

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1992-01-01

The Office of the Assistant Division Chief for Research, National Mapping Division, develops computer software for the solution of geometronic problems in the fields of surveying, geodesy, remote sensing, and photogrammetry. Software that has been developed using public funds is available on request for a nominal charge to recover the cost of duplication.

Sao Paulo Map Collections.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McLean, G. Robert

1985-01-01

Describes geographical, subject, and chronological aspects of 25 cartographic collections housed in university, public, special, state, and semi-state libraries in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Three size categories of map holdings (more than 10,000, 1,000-10,000, less than 1,000) are distinguished. A list of 27 Sao Paulo institutions housing map collections…

Places in the News: The Use of Cartograms in Introductory Geography Courses.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gillard, Quentin

1979-01-01

Describes a cartographic exercise to help students in an introductory geography course on the college level understand the geography of world affairs. The activity involved students in creating a diagrammatic map commensurate with amount of news magazine coverage of various foreign countries. (Author/DB)

Cartographical Imaginations: Spatiality, Adult Education and Lifelong Learning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edwards, Richard; Cervero, Ron; Clarke, Julia; Morgan-Klein, Brenda; Usher, Robin; Wilson, Arthur

Recent empirical and theoretical literature in cultural geography, feminist and postcolonial philosophy, cultural studies, and political economy, was explored in an examination of the significance of spatiality to the changes taking place in the policy, practice, and study of adult education and lifelong learning. The following were among the key…

US Geological Survey customers speak out

USGS Publications Warehouse

Gillespie, S.; Snyder, G.

1995-01-01

Provides results of a customer survey carried out in 1994 by the US Geological Survey. Uses of cartographic products are classified, as are application areas, accuracy satisfaction, media, Digital Line Graph requirements in update, and frequency of product use. USGS responses and plans for the future are noted. -M.Blakemore

Geovisualization of Local and Regional Migration Using Web-mined Demographics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schuermann, R. T.; Chow, T. E.

2014-11-01

The intent of this research was to augment and facilitate analyses, which gauges the feasibility of web-mined demographics to study spatio-temporal dynamics of migration. As a case study, we explored the spatio-temporal dynamics of Vietnamese Americans (VA) in Texas through geovisualization of mined demographic microdata from the World Wide Web. Based on string matching across all demographic attributes, including full name, address, date of birth, age and phone number, multiple records of the same entity (i.e. person) over time were resolved and reconciled into a database. Migration trajectories were geovisualized through animated sprites by connecting the different addresses associated with the same person and segmenting the trajectory into small fragments. Intra-metropolitan migration patterns appeared at the local scale within many metropolitan areas. At the scale of metropolitan area, varying degrees of immigration and emigration manifest different types of migration clusters. This paper presents a methodology incorporating GIS methods and cartographic design to produce geovisualization animation, enabling the cognitive identification of migration patterns at multiple scales. Identification of spatio-temporal patterns often stimulates further research to better understand the phenomenon and enhance subsequent modeling.

Using digital databases to create geologic maps for the 21st century : a GIS model for geologic, environmental, cultural and transportation data from southern Rhode Island

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-05-01

Knowledge of surface and subsurface geology is fundamental to the planning and development of new or modified transportation systems. Toward this : end, we have compiled a model GIS database consisting of important geologic, cartographic, environment...

12. Photocopy of architectural drawing (from National Archives Architectural and ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

12. Photocopy of architectural drawing (from National Archives Architectural and Cartographic Branch, Alexandria, Va.) 'Non-Com-Officers Qrs.' Quartermaster Generals Office Standard Plan 82, sheet 2, April 1893. Lithograph on linen architectural drawing. DETAILS - Fort Myer, Non-Commissioned Officers Quarters, Washington Avenue between Johnson Lane & Custer Road, Arlington, Arlington County, VA

IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY FOR PRODUCTION OF NATIONAL LAND-COVER DATA (NLCD) FROM THE LANDSAT 7 THEMATIC MAPPER SATELLITE

EPA Science Inventory

As environmental programs within and outside the federal government continue to move away from point-based studies to larger and larger spatial (not cartographic) scale, the need for land-cover and other geographic data have become ineluctable. The national land-cover mapping pr...

Atlas of Mars: the 1:5,000,000 map series

USGS Publications Warehouse

Batson, R.M.; Bridges, P.M.; Inge, J.L.

1979-01-01

This atlas comprises small-scale maps and photomosaics covering the entire surface of the planet Mars. The cartographic contents are reduced-scale versions of the 1:5,000,000 topographic series of 30 quadrangles compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

Cartography As Language: An Argument and a Functional Application.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bosowski, Elaine Frances

This paper justifies the teaching of cartography in secondary schools and expands graphic knowledge by providing a formal graphic language simulation lesson. The cartographer's task, decisions, and methodologies are approximated by the use of this role playing scenario. Students assume the roles of map authors who are contracted to draw up a set…

DoD-Wide Intelligence Career Development Program. General Intelligence Personnel

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-07-01

Science ASTRONMY /SPACE SCI Ballistics BALLISTCS Cartography CARTOGRY Cartographic Technician CARTOGR TECH Chemistry/Biochemistry CHEMSTRY/BIOCHEMSTRY...ARCHVST ....................... 4-63 E&E ............................ 4-60 ASTRONMY /SPACE SCI ........... 4-69 ECONMCS ....................... 4-75 AUTO...SPACE SCI-see ASTRONMY / OB-NAV ......................... 4-54 SPACE SCI OCEANOGY ..................... 4-70 SPACE SYS-ENGR ................ 4-48 OFC

A geographic comparison of selected large-scale planetary surface features

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meszaros, S. P.

1984-01-01

Photographic and cartographic comparisons of geographic features on Mercury, the Moon, Earth, Mars, Ganymede, Callisto, Mimas, and Tethys are presented. Planetary structures caused by impacts, volcanism, tectonics, and other natural forces are included. Each feature is discussed individually and then those of similar origin are compared at the same scale.

Multilingual Asia: Looking Back, Looking across, Looking Forward

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bruthiaux, Paul

2009-01-01

In any discussion of multilingual Asia, caution is in order, for two reasons. One is that Asia is a vast land mass connecting variegated peoples cartographically but not sociologically. Second, describing and accounting for the sociolinguistic complexities of Asia (or anywhere else, for that matter) is history in the making in that, just like…

Cartographic Mismatches and Language Policy: The Case of Hindi in Singapore

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jain, Ritu; Wee, Lionel

2018-01-01

In this paper, we present Singapore's language policy as a case of flexible responsiveness to demographic and societal shifts as a result of high migration. The particular need to accommodate the enhanced linguistic diversity among the linguistically heterogeneous Indians, previously served by Tamil, has led to the "semiofficial"…

Teaching Geography in an International Region: Challenges of the Pacific Northwest Borderland

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nicol, Doug; Belec, John; Buckley, Patrick

2003-01-01

Offering a course across an international border, where students and faculty physically travel to both countries throughout the term, raises a host of pedagogical, cartographic, logistic, and cultural challenges. At the same time, two initial classes find the experience rewarding and evaluate the course positively. This paper reviews the offering…

The Cartographic Eye in Children's Picturebooks: Between Maps and Narratives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meunier, Christophe

2017-01-01

This article examines the place occupied by maps in children's picturebooks. After a brief overview of the different roles that are assigned to maps in children's books, the article considers five French picturebooks--Warja Lavater's "Le petit chaperon rouge" (1965), Olivier Douzou and Isabelle Simon's "L'autobus numéro 33"…

Educational Technology--Mapping the Terrain with Bernstein as Cartographer

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Czerniewicz, L.

2010-01-01

This paper uses the literature of educational technology as the site of analysis in order to map the field of educational technology. Having considered Kuhn and Bourdieu's theories, the paper frames the analysis of the field in Bernsteinian terms as a horizontal knowledge structure in a vertical knowledge discourse. Using the concepts of…

Publication of the maps of Tenke and Manono (Zaire) from LANDSAT data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yampania, M.

1981-01-01

The collection of cartographic data on Zaire up to the present time was based on aerial reconnaissance. This approach is very expensive if repetitive coverage is required in such a large country. The integration with the LANDSAT program among the data collection systems improves the mapping efforts substantially.

Smart Aeronautical Chart Management System Design

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pakdil, M. E.; Celik, R. N.; Kaya, Ö.; Konak, Y. C.; Guney, C.

2015-10-01

Civil aviation is developing rapidly, and the number of domestic and international operations is increasing exponentially every year than the previous one. Airline companies with increased air traffic and the number of passengers increase the demand of new aircrafts. An aircraft needs not only fuel but also pilot and aeronautical information (charts, digital navigation information, flight plan, and etc.) to perform flight operation. One of the most important components in aeronautical information is the terminal chart. Authorized institution in every state is responsible to publish their terminal charts for certain periods. Although these charts are produced in accordance with ICAO's Annex 4 and Annex 15, cartographic representation and page layout differs in each state's publication. This situation makes difficult to read them by pilots. In this paper, standard instrument departure (SID) charts are analysed to produce by use of cutting-edge and competitive technologies instead of classical computer-aided drawing and vector based graphic applications that are currently used by main chart producers. The goal is to design efficient and commercial chart management system that is able to produce aeronautical charts with same cartographic representation for all states.

Erosion and deterioration of the Isles Dernieres Barrier Island Arc, Louisiana, U.S.A.: 1853 to 1988

USGS Publications Warehouse

McBride, Randolph A.; Penland, Shea; Jaffe, Bruce E.; Williams, S. Jeffress; Sallenger, Asbury H.; Westphal, Karen A.

1989-01-01

Using cartographic and aerial photography data from the years 1853, 1890, 1934, 1956, 1978, 1984, and 1988, shoreline change maps of the Isles Dernieres barrier island arc were constructed. These data were accurately superimposed, using a computer mapping system, which removed projection, datum, scale, and other cartographic inconsistencies. Linear, areal, and perimeter measurements indicate that the Isles Dernieres are suffering rapid rates of coastal erosion, land loss, and breakup. Bayside and gulfside erosion, in combination with sediment shortage and subsidence, have caused the Isles Dernieres to narrow through time. In addition, the core of the barrier island arc does not migrate landward and instead, breaks up in place as a result of inlet breaching and development. This is in contrast to other models of landward barrier island migration during transgression. If these trends continue, the Isles Dernieres will likely evolve into a subaqueous inner-shelf shoal by the early 21st century. Loss of the Isles Dernieres barrier island arc will severely impact the Terrebonne parish estuary, resulting in decreased environmental quality and increased public risk from storms and hurricanes.

Animation Strategies for Smooth Transformations Between Discrete Lods of 3d Building Models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kada, Martin; Wichmann, Andreas; Filippovska, Yevgeniya; Hermes, Tobias

2016-06-01

The cartographic 3D visualization of urban areas has experienced tremendous progress over the last years. An increasing number of applications operate interactively in real-time and thus require advanced techniques to improve the quality and time response of dynamic scenes. The main focus of this article concentrates on the discussion of strategies for smooth transformation between two discrete levels of detail (LOD) of 3D building models that are represented as restricted triangle meshes. Because the operation order determines the geometrical and topological properties of the transformation process as well as its visual perception by a human viewer, three different strategies are proposed and subsequently analyzed. The simplest one orders transformation operations by the length of the edges to be collapsed, while the other two strategies introduce a general transformation direction in the form of a moving plane. This plane either pushes the nodes that need to be removed, e.g. during the transformation of a detailed LOD model to a coarser one, towards the main building body, or triggers the edge collapse operations used as transformation paths for the cartographic generalization.

National Water Model: Providing the Nation with Actionable Water Intelligence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aggett, G. R.; Bates, B.

2017-12-01

The National Water Model (NWM) provides national, street-level detail of water movement through time and space. Operating hourly, this flood of information offers enormous benefits in the form of water resource management, natural disaster preparedness, and the protection of life and property. The Geo-Intelligence Division at the NOAA National Water Center supplies forecasters and decision-makers with timely, actionable water intelligence through the processing of billions of NWM data points every hour. These datasets include current streamflow estimates, short and medium range streamflow forecasts, and many other ancillary datasets. The sheer amount of NWM data produced yields a dataset too large to allow for direct human comprehension. As such, it is necessary to undergo model data post-processing, filtering, and data ingestion by visualization web apps that make use of cartographic techniques to bring attention to the areas of highest urgency. This poster illustrates NWM output post-processing and cartographic visualization techniques being developed and employed by the Geo-Intelligence Division at the NOAA National Water Center to provide national actionable water intelligence.

High resolution remote sensing missions of a tethered satellite

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vetrella, S.; Moccia, A.

1986-01-01

The application of the Tethered Satellite (TS) as an operational remote sensing platform is studied. It represents a new platform capable of covering the altitudes between airplanes and free flying satellites, offering an adequate lifetime, high geometric and radiometric resolution and improved cartographic accuracy. Two operational remote sensing missions are proposed: one using two linear array systems for along track stereoscopic observation and one using a synthetic aperture radar combined with an interferometric technique. These missions are able to improve significantly the accuracy of future real time cartographic systems from space, also allowing, in the case of active microwave systems, the Earth's observation both in adverse weather and at any time, day or night. Furthermore, a simulation program is described in which, in order to examine carefully the potentiality of the TS as a new remote sensing platform, the orbital and attitude dynamics description of the TSS is integrated with the sensor viewing geometry, the Earth's ellipsoid, the atmospheric effects, the Sun illumination and the digital elevation model. A preliminary experiment has been proposed which consist of a metric camera to be deployed downwards during the second Shuttle demonstration flight.

Utilization of Google enterprise tools to georeference survey data among hard-to-reach groups: strategic application in international settings.

PubMed

Beletsky, Leo; Arredondo, Jaime; Werb, Dan; Vera, Alicia; Abramovitz, Daniela; Amon, Joseph J; Brouwer, Kimberly C; Strathdee, Steffanie A; Gaines, Tommi L

2016-07-28

As geospatial data have become increasingly integral to health and human rights research, their collection using formal address designations or paper maps has been complicated by numerous factors, including poor cartographic literacy, nomenclature imprecision, and human error. As part of a longitudinal study of people who inject drugs in Tijuana, Mexico, respondents were prompted to georeference specific experiences. At baseline, only about one third of the 737 participants were native to Tijuana, underscoring prevalence of migration/deportation experience. Areas frequented typically represented locations with no street address (e.g. informal encampments). Through web-based cartographic technology and participatory mapping, this study was able to overcome the use of vernacular names and difficulties mapping liminal spaces in generating georeferenced data points that were subsequently analyzed in other research. Integrating low-threshold virtual navigation as part of data collection can enhance investigations of mobile populations, informal settlements, and other locations in research into structural production of health at low- or no cost. However, further research into user experience is warranted.

Examining Mars with SPICE

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Acton, Charles H.; Bachman, Nathaniel J.; Bytof, Jeff A.; Semenov, Boris V.; Taber, William; Turner, F. Scott; Wright, Edward D.

1999-01-01

The International Mars Conference highlights the wealth of scientific data now and soon to be acquired from an international armada of Mars-bound robotic spacecraft. Underlying the planning and interpretation of these scientific observations around and upon Mars are ancillary data and associated software needed to deal with trajectories or locations, instrument pointing, timing and Mars cartographic models. The NASA planetary community has adopted the SPICE system of ancillary data standards and allied tools to fill the need for consistent, reliable access to these basic data and a near limitless range of derived parameters. After substantial rapid growth in its formative years, the SPICE system continues to evolve today to meet new needs and improve ease of use. Adaptations to handle landers and rovers were prototyped on the Mars pathfinder mission and will next be used on Mars '01-'05. Incorporation of new methods to readily handle non-inertial reference frames has vastly extended the capability and simplified many computations. A translation of the SPICE Toolkit software suite to the C language has just been announced. To further support cartographic calculations associated with Mars exploration the SPICE developers at JPL have recently been asked by NASA to work with cartographers to develop standards and allied software for storing and accessing control net and shape model data sets; these will be highly integrated with existing SPICE components. NASA specifically supports the widest possible utilization of SPICE capabilities throughout the international space science community. With NASA backing the Russian Space Agency and Russian Academy of Science adopted the SPICE standards for the Mars 96 mission. The SPICE ephemeris component will shortly become the international standard for agencies using the Deep Space Network. U.S. and European scientists hope that ESA will employ SPICE standards on the Mars Express mission. SPICE is an open set of standards, and all related specifications and software are freely distributed around the world. This poster describes the current state of SPICE system development, with special emphasis on current and planned support for Mars exploration missions.

An enhanced digital line graph design

USGS Publications Warehouse

Guptill, Stephen C.

1990-01-01

In response to increasing information demands on its digital cartographic data, the U.S. Geological Survey has designed an enhanced version of the Digital Line Graph, termed Digital Line Graph - Enhanced (DLG-E). In the DLG-E model, the phenomena represented by geographic and cartographic data are termed entities. Entities represent individual phenomena in the real world. A feature is an abstraction of a set of entities, with the feature description encompassing only selected properties of the entities (typically the properties that have been portrayed cartographically on a map). Buildings, bridges, roads, streams, grasslands, and counties are examples of features. A feature instance, that is, one occurrence of a feature, is described in the digital environment by feature objects and spatial objects. A feature object identifies a feature instance and its nonlocational attributes. Nontopological relationships are associated with feature objects. The locational aspects of the feature instance are represented by spatial objects. Four spatial objects (points, nodes, chains, and polygons) and their topological relationships are defined. To link the locational and nonlocational aspects of the feature instance, a given feature object is associated with (or is composed of) a set of spatial objects. These objects, attributes, and relationships are the components of the DLG-E data model. To establish a domain of features for DLG-E, an approach using a set of classes, or views, of spatial entities was adopted. The five views that were developed are cover, division, ecosystem, geoposition, and morphology. The views are exclusive; each view is a self-contained analytical approach to the entire range of world features. Because each view is independent of the others, a single point on the surface of the Earth can be represented under multiple views. Under the five views, over 200 features were identified and defined. This set constitutes an initial domain of DLG-E features.

Spatial aspects of the research on tourist infrastructure with the use of the cartographic method on the basis of Roztoczański National Park

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kałamucki, Krzysztof; Kamińska, Anna; Buk, Dorota

2012-01-01

The aim of the research was to demonstrate changes in tourist trails and in the distribution of tourist infrastructure spots in the area of Roztoczański National Park in its vicinity. Another, equally important aim, was to check the usefulness of tourist infrastructure in both cartographic method of infrastructure research and in cartography of presentation methods. The research covered the region of Roztoczański National Park. The following elements of tourist infrastructure were selected for the analysis: linear elements (walking trails, education paths) and spot elements (accommodation, eating places and the accompanied basis). In order to recreate the state of infrastructure during the last 50 years, it was necessary to analyse the following source material: tourist maps issued as independent publications, maps issued as supplements to tour guides and aerial photography. The information from text sources was used, e.g. from tourist guides, leaflets and monographs. The temporal framework was defined as 50 years from the 1960's until 2009. This time range was divided into five 10-year periods. In order to present the state of tourist infrastructure, its spatial and qualitative changes, 6 maps were produces (maps of states and types of changes). The conducted spatial analyses and the interpretations of maps of states and changes in tourist infrastructure allowed to capture both qualitative and quantitative changes. It was stated that the changes in the trails were not regular. There were parts of trails that did not change for 40 years. There were also some that were constructed during the last decade. Presently, the area is densely covered with tourist trails and education paths. The measurements of lengths of tourist trails and their parts with regard to land cover and category of roads allowed to determine the character of trails and the scope of changes. The conducted analyses proved the usefulness of cartographic methods in researching tourist infrastructure in spatial and quantitative aspects.

Mapping for the management of diffuse pollution risks related to agricultural plant protection practices: case of the Etang de l'Or catchment area in France.

PubMed

Mghirbi, Oussama; Bord, Jean-Paul; Le Grusse, Philippe; Mandart, Elisabeth; Fabre, Jacques

2018-03-08

Faced with health, environmental, and socio-economic issues related to the heavy use of pesticides, diffuse phytosanitary pollution becomes a major concern shared by all the field actors. These actors, namely the farmers and territorial managers, have expressed the need to implement decision support tools for the territorial management of diffuse pollution resulting from the plant protection practices and their impacts. To meet these steadily increasing requests, a cartographic analysis approach was implemented based on GIS which allows the spatialization of the diffuse pollution impacts related to plant protection practices on the Etang de l'Or catchment area in the South of France. Risk mapping represents a support-decision tool that enables the different field actors to identify and locate vulnerable areas, so as to determine action plans and agri-environmental measures depending on the context of the natural environment. This work shows that mapping is helpful for managing risks related to the use of pesticides in agriculture by employing indicators of pressure (TFI) and risk on the applicator's health (IRSA) and on the environment (IRTE). These indicators were designed to assess the impact of plant protection practices at various spatial scales (field, farm, etc.). The cartographic analysis of risks related to plant protection practices shows that diffuse pollution is unequally located in the North (known for its abundant garrigues and vineyards) and in the South of the Etang de l'Or catchment area (the Mauguio-Lunel agricultural plain known for its diversified cropping systems). This spatial inequity is essentially related to land use and agricultural production system. Indeed, the agricultural lands cover about 60% of the total catchment area. Consequently, this cartographic analysis helps the territorial actors with the implementation of strategies for managing risks of diffuse pollution related to pesticides use in agriculture, based on environmental and socio-economic issues and the characteristics of the natural environment.

Development of Web GIS for complex processing and visualization of climate geospatial datasets as an integral part of dedicated Virtual Research Environment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gordov, Evgeny; Okladnikov, Igor; Titov, Alexander

2017-04-01

For comprehensive usage of large geospatial meteorological and climate datasets it is necessary to create a distributed software infrastructure based on the spatial data infrastructure (SDI) approach. Currently, it is generally accepted that the development of client applications as integrated elements of such infrastructure should be based on the usage of modern web and GIS technologies. The paper describes the Web GIS for complex processing and visualization of geospatial (mainly in NetCDF and PostGIS formats) datasets as an integral part of the dedicated Virtual Research Environment for comprehensive study of ongoing and possible future climate change, and analysis of their implications, providing full information and computing support for the study of economic, political and social consequences of global climate change at the global and regional levels. The Web GIS consists of two basic software parts: 1. Server-side part representing PHP applications of the SDI geoportal and realizing the functionality of interaction with computational core backend, WMS/WFS/WPS cartographical services, as well as implementing an open API for browser-based client software. Being the secondary one, this part provides a limited set of procedures accessible via standard HTTP interface. 2. Front-end part representing Web GIS client developed according to a "single page application" technology based on JavaScript libraries OpenLayers (http://openlayers.org/), ExtJS (https://www.sencha.com/products/extjs), GeoExt (http://geoext.org/). It implements application business logic and provides intuitive user interface similar to the interface of such popular desktop GIS applications, as uDIG, QuantumGIS etc. Boundless/OpenGeo architecture was used as a basis for Web-GIS client development. According to general INSPIRE requirements to data visualization Web GIS provides such standard functionality as data overview, image navigation, scrolling, scaling and graphical overlay, displaying map legends and corresponding metadata information. The specialized Web GIS client contains three basic tires: • Tier of NetCDF metadata in JSON format • Middleware tier of JavaScript objects implementing methods to work with: o NetCDF metadata o XML file of selected calculations configuration (XML task) o WMS/WFS/WPS cartographical services • Graphical user interface tier representing JavaScript objects realizing general application business logic Web-GIS developed provides computational processing services launching to support solving tasks in the area of environmental monitoring, as well as presenting calculation results in the form of WMS/WFS cartographical layers in raster (PNG, JPG, GeoTIFF), vector (KML, GML, Shape), and binary (NetCDF) formats. It has shown its effectiveness in the process of solving real climate change research problems and disseminating investigation results in cartographical formats. The work is supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No 16-19-10257.

Children's Perception of Surroundings in an Unfamiliar Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hergan, Irena

2018-01-01

This article presents the results of research on how ten-year-old children in an unfamiliar environment perceive the surroundings of the route during their wayfinding when they focus on the task of successfully orienting themselves with two different sources of cartographic support: a mobile navigator and a paper map. The results show that the…

Geographical Education and the Environment: Assessment Situations from Cartographic Expression

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Gonzalez, Monica Rodriguez

2007-01-01

Even though the appearance and spread of new technologies offer considerable challenges in the design of far reaching and complex pre-test and assessment situations which are in keeping with the trends of teaching and learning, the thematic map is still an insuperable document to value either integral training or academic performance of future…

Charting the Land of Flowers: Exploration and Mapmaking in Spanish Florida

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kite-Powell, Rodney

2013-01-01

Produced by cartographers of many nations over the course of six centuries, maps detailing Florida and the North American continent tell tales of exploration, conflict, and change. Before 1492, Europeans were unaware of what existed on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. That reality is illustrated quite well on two maps that show the…

Proposal for a Spatial Organization Model in Soil Science (The Example of the European Communities Soil Map).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

King, D.; And Others

1994-01-01

Discusses the computational problems of automating paper-based spatial information. A new relational structure for soil science information based on the main conceptual concepts used during conventional cartographic work is proposed. This model is a computerized framework for coherent description of the geographical variability of soils, combined…

Unfulfilled Promise: The Dimensions and Characteristics of Philadelphia's Dropout Crisis, 2000-2005

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Neild, Ruth Curran; Balfanz, Robert

2006-01-01

This report uses a unique set of data obtained from the Kids Integrated Data System (KIDS), which is housed at the University of Pennsylvania's Cartographic Modeling Laboratory. The KIDS system merges individual-level data on young people from the School District of Philadelphia and the city's social service agencies, including the Department of…

The Evolution of Cartography Graduate Programs and the Development of New Graduate Programs in Cartography: An Assessment of Models.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steinke, Theodore R.

This paper traces the historical development of cartography graduate programs, establishes an evolutionary model, and evaluates the model to determine if it has some utility today for the development of programs capable of producing highly skilled cartographers. Cartography is defined to include traditional cartography, computer cartography,…

Functional Zoning as an Instrument for Sustainable Development of Tourism of Great Altai

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sukhova, Maria G.; Harms, Evgenia O.; Babin, Valery G.; Zhuravleva, Olga W.; Karanin, Andrey V.

2016-01-01

The paper is relevant since tourism is considered as an element of sustainable development of the region, which means not only growth but also formation of a fundamentally new system of land use planning with tourism as its integrator. The purpose of the paper is development of theoretical-methodological and cartographic instruments for…

Mapping the geography of hope

Treesearch

Daniel L. Dustin

2000-01-01

What is the nature of humankind’s relationship with the natural world? To what extent can social science shed light on this relationship? What are the most pressing research questions? What limitations present themselves? Drawing from the experiences of a 16th century cartographer, Fra Mauro, the author addresses the prospects for successfully mapping the meaning of...

Between Fiction and Reality: Maps and Cartographic Logic in the Works of Peter Sís

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cantavella, Anna Juan

2017-01-01

This article examines the use of maps in the works of Czech author-illustrator Peter Sís in order to consider the role that cartography plays in the construction of four of his biographical picturebooks: Follow the Dream: "The Story of Christopher Columbus" (2003/1991), "Starry Messenger: Galileo Galilei" (1996), "The Tree…

The impact of remote sensing on United States' geography: The past in perspective, present realities, future potentials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Estes, J. E.; Jensen, J. R.; Simonett, D. S.

1977-01-01

The use of remotely sensed data by cartographers and other physical geographers is reviewed. The current status of remote sensing in the academic, governmental, and private sector is assessed, as well as its capability for providing information within the context of the explanatory forms used by geographers.

The Role of Intentionality and Iconicity in Children's Developing Comprehension and Production of Cartographic Symbols

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Myers, Lauren J.; Liben, Lynn S.

2008-01-01

The contribution of intentionality understanding to symbolic development was examined. Actors added colored dots to a map, displaying either symbolic or aesthetic intentions. In Study 1, most children (5-6 years) understood actors' intentions, but when asked which graphic would help find hidden objects, most selected the incorrect (aesthetic) one…

International boundary experiences by the United Nations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kagawa, A.

2013-12-01

Over the last few decades, the United Nations (UN) has been approached by Security Council and Member States on international boundary issues. The United Nations regards the adequate delimitation and demarcation of international boundaries as a very important element for the maintenance of peace and security in fragile post-conflict situations, establishment of friendly relationships and cross-border cooperation between States. This paper will present the main principles and framework the United Nations applies to support the process of international boundary delimitation and demarcation activities. The United Nations is involved in international boundary issues following the principle of impartiality and neutrality and its role as mediator. Since international boundary issues are multi-faceted, a range of expertise is required and the United Nations Secretariat is in a good position to provide diverse expertise within the multiple departments. Expertise in different departments ranging from legal, political, technical, administrative and logistical are mobilised in different ways to provide support to Member States depending on their specific needs. This presentation aims to highlight some of the international boundary projects that the United Nations Cartographic Section has been involved in order to provide the technical support to different boundary requirements as each international boundary issue requires specific focus and attention whether it be in preparation, delimitation, demarcation or management. Increasingly, the United Nations is leveraging geospatial technology to facilitate boundary delimitation and demarcation process between Member States. Through the presentation of the various case studies ranging from Iraq - Kuwait, Israel - Lebanon (Blue Line), Eritrea - Ethiopia, Cyprus (Green Line), Cameroon - Nigeria, Sudan - South Sudan, it will illustrate how geospatial technology is increasingly used to carry out the support. In having applied a range of geospatial solutions, some of the good practices that have been applied in preceding projects, but there have been challenges and limitations faced. However, these challenges need to be seen as an opportunity to improve the geospatial technology solutions in future international boundary projects. This presentation will also share the aspirations that the United Nations Cartographic Section has in becoming a facilitator in geospatial technical aspects related to international boundary issues as we increasingly develop our geospatial institutional knowledge base and expertise. The presentation will conclude by emphasizing the need for more collaboration between different actors dealing with geospatial technology on borderland issues in order to meet the main goal of the United Nations - to live and work together as "We the Peoples of the United Nations".

Large landslides associated with a diapiric fold in Canelles Reservoir (Spanish Pyrenees): Detailed geological-geomorphological mapping, trenching and electrical resistivity imaging

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gutiérrez, Francisco; Linares, Rogelio; Roqué, Carles; Zarroca, Mario; Carbonel, Domingo; Rosell, Joan; Gutiérrez, Mateo

2015-07-01

Detailed geomorphological-geological mapping in Canelles Reservoir, the Spanish Pyrenees, reveals the presence of several large landslides overlooked in previous cartographic works. One of the slope movements, designated as the Canelles landslide, corresponds to a 40 × 106 m3 translational landslide reactivated in 2006 by a severe decline in the reservoir water level. The geomorphic features mapped in the upper part of the Canelles landslide, including surface ruptures corroborated by electrical resistivity imaging and trenching, indicate multiple displacement episodes previous to the 2006 human-induced event. Consistently, the stratigraphic and structural relationships observed in a trench record at least two displacement events older and larger in magnitude than the 2006 reactivation. The oldest recorded event occurred in the 6th to 7th Centuries and the second in 1262-1679 yr AD. This latter episode might be correlative to the 1373 Ribagorza earthquake (Mw 6.2), which caused the reactivation of a landslide and the consequent destruction of a village in the adjacent valley. The available data indicate that over more than one millennium the kinematics of the landslide has been characterised by discrete small-displacement episodes. These data, together with the available literature on rapid rockslides, do not concur with the acceleration predicted by modelling in a previous investigation, which foresees a speed of 16 m s- 1 despite the low average dip of the sliding surface (9-10°). This case study illustrates that the trenching technique may provide valuable practical information on the past behaviour of landslides, covering a much broader time span than instrumental and historical records.

Variations in the surface anatomy of the spinal accessory nerve in the posterior triangle.

PubMed

Symes, A; Ellis, H

2005-12-01

Iatrogenic injury to the spinal accessory nerve has been widely documented and can have medico-legal implications. The resulting syndrome of pain, paralysis and winging of the scapula are often the source of considerable morbidity. This paper researches the degree of accuracy achievable in mapping the surface anatomy of the spinal accessory nerve in the region of the posterior triangle with a view to creating a cartographical aid to surgical procedures. The necks of 25 adult cadavers were dissected bilaterally to expose the spinal accessory nerve. Variations in the course and distribution of the spinal accessory nerve in the posterior triangle were recorded along with its relationship to the borders of sternocleidomastoid and trapezius. Considerable variation was seen in the surface and regional anatomy of the nerve and in the contribution of the cervical plexus to the spinal accessory nerve in the posterior triangle. Measurements of the running course and exit point of the nerve into and from the posterior triangle differed significantly from those previously recorded. Delineation of an accurate surface anatomy was not possible. Creating a map to define the surface anatomy of the spinal accessory nerve in the posterior triangle is an unrealistic goal given its wide variations in man. Avoidance of damage to the spinal accessory nerve cannot be achieved by slavishly adhering to surface markings given in textbooks, but only by cautious dissection during operations on the posterior triangle.

Decadal changes in North Atlantic atmospheric circulation patterns recorded by sand spits since 1800 CE

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Poirier, Clément; Tessier, Bernadette; Chaumillon, Éric; Bertin, Xavier; Fruergaard, Mikkel; Mouazé, Dominique; Noël, Suzanne; Weill, Pierre; Wöppelmann, Guy

2017-03-01

Present-day coastal barriers represent around 15% of the world's oceanic shorelines, and play an important role as early warning indicators of environmental change. Among them, wave-dominated barriers are dynamic landforms that tend to migrate landward in response to storms and sea-level change. High rates of sediment supply can locally offset the global retrogradation trend, providing valuable records of past environmental change occurring on transgressive coasts. However, geochronological control limits the temporal resolution of such records to millennial or centennial timescales, and the decadal or even faster response of wave-built barriers to historical climate changes is therefore poorly understood. In this study, we show that shoreline dynamics of sand spits reconstructed from old cartographic documents has been synchronous on both margins of the North Atlantic Ocean since about 1800 CE. Spit growth accelerated drastically during three periods lasting about 15 years, characterised by positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and negative East Atlantic-West Russia (EA-WR) atmospheric circulation patterns. These changes are in phase with periods of increased volcanic activity. We use a high-resolution wave hindcast (1948-2014 CE) in a reference area to confirm the association between NAO and EA-WR as a proxy for offshore and nearshore wave height and for associated longshore sediment transport (LST) involved in spit growth. A 24-month lagged correlation between sediment transport and volcanic aerosol optical thickness (concentration of ashes in the atmosphere) is observed, suggesting that spit shoreline dynamics at the decadal timescale is partially forced by external climate drivers via cascading effects on atmospheric circulation patterns and wave climate. Our results imply that NAO variability alone is not sufficient to understand the evolution of wave-built coastal environments. The associated sediment record can be used to reconstruct multi-decadal variability of other climate patterns.

Street curb recognition in 3d point cloud data using morphological operations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodríguez-Cuenca, Borja; Concepción Alonso-Rodríguez, María; García-Cortés, Silverio; Ordóñez, Celestino

2015-04-01

Accurate and automatic detection of cartographic-entities saves a great deal of time and money when creating and updating cartographic databases. The current trend in remote sensing feature extraction is to develop methods that are as automatic as possible. The aim is to develop algorithms that can obtain accurate results with the least possible human intervention in the process. Non-manual curb detection is an important issue in road maintenance, 3D urban modeling, and autonomous navigation fields. This paper is focused on the semi-automatic recognition of curbs and street boundaries using a 3D point cloud registered by a mobile laser scanner (MLS) system. This work is divided into four steps. First, a coordinate system transformation is carried out, moving from a global coordinate system to a local one. After that and in order to simplify the calculations involved in the procedure, a rasterization based on the projection of the measured point cloud on the XY plane was carried out, passing from the 3D original data to a 2D image. To determine the location of curbs in the image, different image processing techniques such as thresholding and morphological operations were applied. Finally, the upper and lower edges of curbs are detected by an unsupervised classification algorithm on the curvature and roughness of the points that represent curbs. The proposed method is valid in both straight and curved road sections and applicable both to laser scanner and stereo vision 3D data due to the independence of its scanning geometry. This method has been successfully tested with two datasets measured by different sensors. The first dataset corresponds to a point cloud measured by a TOPCON sensor in the Spanish town of Cudillero. That point cloud comprises more than 6,000,000 points and covers a 400-meter street. The second dataset corresponds to a point cloud measured by a RIEGL sensor in the Austrian town of Horn. That point cloud comprises 8,000,000 points and represents a 160-meter street. The proposed method provides success rates in curb recognition of over 85% in both datasets.

Net change in forest density, 1873-2001. Using historical maps to monitor long-term forest trends.

Treesearch

Greg C. Liknes; Mark D. Nelson; Daniel J. Kaisershot

2013-01-01

European settlement of the United States and utilization of forests are inextricably linked. Forest products fueled development, providing the building blocks for railroads, bridges, ships, and homes. Perhaps because of the importance of its forests, the United States has a rich cartographic history documenting its resources. Long-term, broad-scale monitoring efforts...

Report of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements: 2009

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

normal passes through P and by the height (h) of P above P ′. The topographic reference surface of Mars is that specified in the final MOLA Mission...System, MGS-M- MOLA -5-MEG- DR-L3-V1.0, 2003. Available on-line from http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/mgs/megdr.html. Accessed 2010 October 18

Remote-sensing applications as utilized in Florida's coastal zone management program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Worley, D. R.

1975-01-01

Land use maps were developed from photomaps obtained by remote sensing in order to develop a comprehensive state plan for the protection, development, and zoning of coastal regions. Only photographic remote sensors have been used in support of the coastal council's planning/management methodology. Standard photointerpretation and cartographic application procedures for map compilation were used in preparing base maps.

Resident research associateships, postdoctoral research awards 1989: opportunities for research at the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior

USGS Publications Warehouse

,; ,

1989-01-01

The scientists of the U.S. Geological Survey are engaged in a wide range of geologic, geophysical, geochemical, hydrologic, and cartographic programs, including the application of computer science to them. These programs offer exciting possibilities for scientific achievement and professional growth to young scientists through participation as Research Associates.

"La Memoria De Nuestra Tierra": Landscapes, Mexicans, and the Browning of America

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rivera, John-Michael

2005-01-01

The cartographic and aesthetic marker reveals about the contradictions inherent in the racial and civic constitution of the U.S. body politic based on the political and cultural notions of "landscape" during the mid-nineteenth-century era and the neoliberal era of 2005. These two liminal periods are placed to render a more complete portrait of the…

Cartography of asteroids and comet nuclei from low resolution data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stooke, Philip J.

1992-01-01

High resolution images of non-spherical objects, such as Viking images of Phobos and the anticipated Galileo images of Gaspra, lend themselves to conventional planetary cartographic procedures: control network analysis, stereophotogrammetry, image mosaicking in 2D or 3D, and airbrush mapping. There remains the problem of a suitable map projection for bodies which are extremely elongated or irregular in shape. Many bodies will soon be seen at lower resolution (5-30 pixels across the disk) in images from speckle interferometry, the Hubble Space Telescope, ground-based radar, distinct spacecraft encounters, and closer images degraded by smear. Different data with similar effective resolutions are available from stellar occultations, radar or lightcurve convex hulls, lightcurve modeling of albedo variations, and cometary jet modeling. With such low resolution, conventional methods of shape determination will be less useful or will fail altogether, leaving limb and terminator topography as the principal sources of topographic information. A method for shape determination based on limb and terminator topography was developed. It has been applied to the nucleus of Comet Halley and the jovian satellite Amalthea. The Amalthea results are described to give an example of the cartographic possibilities and problems of anticipated data sets.

[The experiment of participatory mapping in order to construct a cartographical alternative to the FHS].

PubMed

Goldstein, Roberta Argento; Barcellos, Christovam; Magalhães, Monica de Avelar Figueiredo Mafra; Gracie, Renata; Viacava, Francisco

2013-01-01

Maps and mapping procedures are useful tools for systematic interpretation and evaluation and for reporting of results to management. Applied to the Family Health Strategy (FHS), these maps permit the demarcation of the territory and the establishment of links between the territory, its population and health services. In this paper the use of maps by the FHS in 17 municipalities in northern and northeastern Brazil is studied and the process of demarcation and digitization of areas with the participation of teams is described. The survey conducted using questionnaires and discussion workshops showed that difficulties still prevail in reconciling the map (drawing) produced at the local level with maps produced by other government sectors. In general, the maps used at local level employ their own references, which prevent the interplay of information with other cartographic documents and their full use as a tool for evaluation and management. The combination of participatory mapping tools, associated with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) applications proposed in this paper, represents an alternative to mapping the territory of operations of FHS teams, as well as a reflection on the concept of territory and operation by the FHS.

The use of cartographic modeling to assess the impacts of coastal flooding: a case study of Port Said Governorate, Egypt.

PubMed

Abou Samra, Rasha M

2017-09-01

Low-set coastal areas are expected to aggravate inundation on account of sea level rise (SLR). The present study is planned to appraise the impacts of coastal flooding in Port Said city, Egypt by using remote sensing, GIS, and cartographic modeling techniques. To accomplish this scope, Landsat 8-OLI image dated 2016 and SRTM 1Arc-Second Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data were used. Landsat image was classified into seven land use and land cover (LULC) classes by using remote sensing and GIS's software. Different inundation scenarios 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0-m coastal elevation were used to figure the influence of SLR on the study area. Estimation of potential losses under SLR was made by overlaying the expected scenarios on land use. The inundation areas under the expected SLR scenarios of 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 m were estimated at 827.49, 1072.67, and 1179.41 km 2 , respectively. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that expected coastal flooding scenarios will lead up to serious impacts on LULC classes and coastal features in the study area.

Interpreting map art with a perspective learned from J.M. Blaut

USGS Publications Warehouse

Varanka, D.

2006-01-01

Map art has been mentioned only briefly in geographic or cartographic literature, and has been analyzed almost entirely at the interpretive level. This paper attempts to define and evaluate the cartographic value of contemporary map-like art by placing the body of work as a whole in the theoretical concepts proposed by J.M. Blaut and his colleagues about mapping as a cognitive and cultural universal. This paper discusses how map art resembles mapping characteristics similar to those observed empirically in very young children as described in the publications of Blaut and others. The theory proposes that these early mapping skills are later structured and refined by their social context and practice. Diverse cultural contexts account for the varieties, types, and degrees of mapping behavior documented with time and geographic place. The dynamics of early mapping are compared to mapping techniques employed by artists. The discipline of fine art serves as the context surrounding map artists and their work. My visual analysis, research about the art and the artists, and interviews with artists and curators form the basis of my interpretation of these works within varied and multiple contexts of late 20th century map art.

Cartographic experiment for Latin America. [Santa Cruz, Bolivia and Concepcion, Paraguay

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Staples, J. E. (Principal Investigator)

1974-01-01

The author has identified the following significant results. The two experiments clearly demonstrate the practical application of the Skylab photography to update existing maps at an optimum scale of 1:100,000. The photography can even be used, by employing first order photogrammetric instruments, for updating the cultural features in 1:50,000 scale mapping. The S190A imagery has also shown itself to be most economical in preparing new photomap products over previously unmapped areas, such as Concepcion, Paraguay. These maps indicate that Skylab quality imagery is invaluable to the Latin American cartographers in their efforts to provide the mapping products required to develop their countries. In Latin America, where over 5,000 people are employed in map production and where the Latin American governments are expending over $20 million in this effort, the use of such systems to maintain existing mapping and publish new mapping over previously unmapped areas, is of great economic value and could release the conventional Latin American mapping resources to be utilized to produce large scale 1:25,000 and 1:1,000 scale mapping that is needed for specific development projects.

The use of old cartographic datasets along with remote sensing data for better understand and map the 2005-2008 floods in Romania

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Craciunescu, V.; Flueraru, C.; Stancalie, G.

2009-04-01

Floods are the major disaster affecting many countries in the world year after year. From Romania perspective, floods are among the most hazardous natural disasters in terms of human suffering and economic losses. Major floods occurred in 2005, 2006 and 2008, the worst ones in more than 40 years, have affected large regions of Romania: in the Timis county (April 2005) over 1 300 homes have been damaged or destroyed, 3 800 people have been evacuated and about 30 000 hectares of agricultural land flooded; in five counties situated in eastern Romania (July 2005) 11 000 homes were inundated, 8 600 people have been evacuated, 20 people were killed, 53 000 ha farmland flooded, 379 bridges damaged or destroyed; in 12 counties along the Danube (April 2006) 3 077 homes were affected (1.049 completely destroyed), 16 000 people evacuated, five people killed, 144 000 hectares of land flooded; in six counties from the North-East part of Romania (July 2008) 3 985 houses were affected (over 300 totally destroyed), 15 834 people evacuated and 35 084 hectares of agricultural land inundated. Flood management evolves and changes as more knowledge and technology becomes available to the environmental community. Satellite imagery can be very effective for flood management in detailed mapping that is required for the production of hazard assessment maps and for input to various types of hydrological models, as well as in monitoring land use/cover changes over the years to quantify prominent changes in land use/cover in general and extent of impervious area in particular. In the same time, the wealth of old cartographic documents is an important cultural and scientific heritage. By careful studying this kind of documents, a modern manager can better understand the way territory was managed in the past and the implications of that management in today's floods reality. Good quality photo cameras, flat-bed and large size scanners were used to convert the analogue old cartographic materials into digital files. Specially, highly compressed, file formats were used to reduce the raster database size without affecting the documents quality. Digitisation and online distribution of this kind of documents, via an online system, provided new ways to access and to interact with our patrimony and new tangible arguments for the flood decision makers. The research included the development of key components and modules providing characterisation (based on metadata), virtual storage, discovery and access services, including intuitive query and browsing mechanisms and exploiting the potential of semantic web and advanced storage technologies. For all the mentioned flood events various processing techniques (classification, geo-referencing, filtering, and photo-interpretation) were used to combine the optical and radar images in order to delineate the flooded areas. The resulted flood masks were integrated in GIS environment with the old cartographic database and also with digital layers that represent the current geographic reality.

Technology Used for Realization of the Reform in Informal Areas.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qirko, K.

2008-12-01

ORGANIZATION OF STRUCTURE AND ADMINISTRATION OF ALUIZNI Law no. 9482, date 03.03.2006 " On legalization, urban planning and integration of unauthorized buildings", entered into force on May 15, 2006. The Council of Ministers, with its decision no.289, date 17.05.2006, established the Agency for the Legalization, Urbanization, and Integration of the Informal Zones/Buildings (ALUIZNI), with its twelve local bodies. ALUIZNI began its activity in reliance to Law no. 9482, date 03.03.2006 " On legalization, urban planning and integration of unauthorized buildings", in July 2006. The administration of this agency was completed during this period and it is composed of; General Directory and twelve regional directories. As of today, this institution has 300 employees. The administrative structure of ALUIZNI is organized to achieve the objectives of the reform and to solve the problems arising during its completion. The following sectors have been established to achieve the objectives: Sector of compensation of owners; sector of cartography, sector of geographic system data elaboration (GIS) and Information Technology; sector of urban planning; sector of registration of legalized properties and Human resource sector. Following this vision, digital air photography of the Republic of Albania is in process of realization, from which we will receive, for the first time, orthophoto and digital map, unique for the entire territory of our country. This cartographic product, will serve to all government institutions and private ones. All other systems, such as; system of territory management; system of property registration ; system of population registration; system of addresses; urban planning studies and systems; definition of boundaries of administrative and touristic zones will be established based on this cartographic system. The cartographic product will be of parameters mentioned below, divided in lots:(2.3 MEuro) 1.Lot I: It includes the urban zone, 1200 km2. It will have a resolution of 8cm pixel and it will be produced as a orthophoto and digital vectorized map. 2. Lot II: It includes the rural zone, 12000km2. Orthophoto, with resolution 8cm pixel, will be produced. 3.Lot III: It includes mountainous zone, 15000km2. We will receive orthophoto, with resolution 30cm pixel. All the technical documentation of the process will be produced in a digital manner, based on the digital map and it will be the main databases. We have established the sector of geographic system data elaboration (GIS) and Information Technology, with the purpose to assure transparency, and correctness to the process, and to assure a permanent useful information for various reasons. (1.1MEuro) GIS is a modern technology, which elaborates and makes connections among different information. The main objective of this sector is the establishment of self declaration databases, with 30 characteristics for each of them and a databases for the process, with 40 characteristics for each property, which includes cartographic, geographic and construction data.

Velocity, water-quality, and bathymetric surveys of the Grays Landing and Maxwell Navigation Pools, and Selected Tributaries to the Monongahela River, Pennsylvania, 2010–11

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hoffman, Scott A.; Roland, Mark A.; Schalk, Luther F.; Fulton, John W.

2013-01-01

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted velocity, water-quality, and bathymetric surveys from spring 2010 to summer 2011 in the Grays Landing and Maxwell navigation pools of the Monongahela River, Pennsylvania, and selected tributaries in response to elevated levels of total dissolved solids (TDS) recorded in early September 2009. Velocity data were collected using an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler. Water-quality surveys included the in-situ collection of specific-conductance, water-temperature, and turbidity data using a water-quality sonde. Additionally, discrete water samples were collected and analyzed for TDS, chloride, and sulfate. Bathymetric data were collected using an echo sounder, and the shoreline was delineated using a laser range finder and electronic compass. The data were geo-referenced using a differential global positioning system and navigational software. Horizontal (x, y) coordinates were referenced to the North American Datum of 1983. Depth (z) elevations were referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988. The data are provided in electronic format (appendix 1) and may be downloaded and can be used in a geographic information system for cartographic display and data analysis.

Spatial study of mortality in motorcycle accidents in the State of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil.

PubMed

Silva, Paul Hindenburg Nobre de Vasconcelos; Lima, Maria Luiza Carvalho de; Moreira, Rafael da Silveira; Souza, Wayner Vieira de; Cabral, Amanda Priscila de Santana

2011-04-01

To analyze the spatial distribution of mortality due to motorcycle accidents in the state of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. A population-based ecological study using data on mortality in motorcycle accidents from 01/01/2000 to 31/12/2005. The analysis units were the municipalities. For the spatial distribution analysis, an average mortality rate was calculated, using deaths from motorcycle accidents recorded in the Mortality Information System as the numerator, and as the denominator the population of the mid-period. Spatial analysis techniques, mortality smoothing coefficient estimate by the local empirical Bayesian method and Moran scatterplot, applied to the digital cartographic base of Pernambuco were used. The average mortality rate for motorcycle accidents in Pernambuco was 3.47 per 100 thousand inhabitants. Of the 185 municipalities, 16 were part of five clusters identified with average mortality rates ranging from 5.66 to 11.66 per 100 thousand inhabitants, and were considered critical areas. Three clusters are located in the area known as sertão and two in the agreste of the state. The risk of dying from a motorcycle accident is greater in conglomerate areas outside the metropolitan axis, and intervention measures should consider the economic, social and cultural contexts.

Geographic Information Systems and Libraries: Patrons, Maps, and Spatial Information. Papers presented at the Clinic on Library Applications of Data Processing (Champaign, Illinois, April 10-12, 1995).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Linda C., Ed.; Gluck, Myke, Ed.

This document assembles conference papers which focus on how electronic technologies are creating new ways of meeting user needs for spatial and cartographic information. Contents include: (1) "Mapping Technology in Transition" (Mark Monmonier); (2) "Cataloging Planetospatial Data in Digital Form: Old Wine, New Bottles--New Wine,…

A Color Raster Scanning System for Digitizing Cartographic Data.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-11-01

NUMBER~ Hami4Tlond Stnrd l vsino Uie Tecnooge A RE R & P~~.MERSJ"EE WidrTCP Locks CT 06096e 0 1 7 C"OTROLN OFFICE NAEADADRSC2 ORAT ORAT TNMBR. R~ome lAir ...measurements caused by nonuniformities in the chart. In the case of screen recognition, the color identification concept employed is the same as that

The Long March to Educational Inequality in Illinois: Financial Facts for "The Committee versus Edgar." MacArthur-Spencer Series Number 18.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hickrod, G. Alan; And Others

The equity of public school funding in Illinois is investigated in this report. A longitudinal, cartographic methodology examines the county as the unit of analysis for the school years 1972-73 through 1990-91. Findings indicate that Illinois school districts are currently more unequal than when the state equalization aid formula state was adopted…

Cosmic Thing: Astrology, Space Science, and Personal Cartography in Robert Rauschenberg's Autobiography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carey, C. L.

2011-06-01

The following paper undertakes an iconographic analysis of Robert Rauschenberg's large scale print, Autobiography (1967). The artist's interest in astronomy and astrology, visual metaphors aligning the body with the cosmos, and the cartographic representation of self are discussed. Autobiography is placed in cultural and historical context with other works by the artist, elaborated as a personal narrative-an alternative to traditional self portraiture.

Digital Mapping Techniques '11–12 workshop proceedings

USGS Publications Warehouse

Soller, David R.

2014-01-01

At these meetings, oral and poster presentations and special discussion sessions emphasized: (1) methods for creating and publishing map products (here, "publishing" includes Web-based release); (2) field data capture software and techniques, including the use of LiDAR; (3) digital cartographic techniques; (4) migration of digital maps into ArcGIS Geodatabase formats; (5) analytical GIS techniques; and (6) continued development of the National Geologic Map Database.

Power Lines: The Rhetoric of Maps as Social Change in the Post-Cold War Landscape

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barney, Timothy

2009-01-01

After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of state socialism in Eastern and Central Europe, cartographers were faced with choices on how the new post-Cold War political landscape would be mapped. One such group called the Pluto Project had been producing atlases since 1981 with a progressive point of view about the nature of state power…

Deep Mapping the Biome: The Biology of Place in Don Gayton's "The Wheatgrass Mechanism" and John Janovy Jr.'s "Dunwoody Pond"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maher, Susan Naramore

2005-01-01

The term "deep map" is the invention of writer William Least Heat-Moon, whose extended essay "PrairyErth (a deep map)" has given definition to this form. Deep-map writing is marked by its intertextual, interdisciplinary, and multivocal nature. It is also self-consciously cartographic, presenting maps, following maps, and redrawing maps. Deep…

Policy Inputs to Honduran Government, Indigenous Federations, and NGOs

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-03-09

Meeting, June 8, 2015: met with representatives of Honduran Land Management Program (PATH II), indigenous Miskitu leaders from MASTA, and...Granados of Honduran Land Management Program (PATH II), Norvin Goff (President of MASTA indigenous federation), and Darío Cruz (Vice Rector at UPNFM). ...Government, Indigenous Federations, and NGOs Our cartographic research results on the CA Indígena website are used by Honduran government agencies

Military applications of automatic speech recognition and future requirements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Beek, Bruno; Cupples, Edward J.

1977-01-01

An updated summary of the state-of-the-art of automatic speech recognition and its relevance to military applications is provided. A number of potential systems for military applications are under development. These include: (1) digital narrowband communication systems; (2) automatic speech verification; (3) on-line cartographic processing unit; (4) word recognition for militarized tactical data system; and (5) voice recognition and synthesis for aircraft cockpit.

Report of the IAU Working Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements: 2009

USGS Publications Warehouse

Archinal, B.A.; A'Hearn, M.F.; Bowell, E.; Conrad, A.; Consolmagno, G.J.; Courtin, R.; Fukushima, T.; Hestroffer, D.; Hilton, J.L.; Krasinsky, G.A.; Neumann, G.; Oberst, J.; Seidelmann, P.K.; Stooke, P.; Tholen, D.J.; Thomas, P.C.; Williams, I.P.

2010-01-01

Every three years the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements revises tables giving the directions of the poles of rotation and the prime meridians of the planets, satellites, minor planets, and comets. This report takes into account the IAU Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN) and the IAU Committee on Small Body Nomenclature (CSBN) definition of dwarf planets, introduces improved values for the pole and rotation rate of Mercury, returns the rotation rate of Jupiter to a previous value, introduces improved values for the rotation of five satellites of Saturn, and adds the equatorial radius of the Sun for comparison. It also adds or updates size and shape information for the Earth, Mars’ satellites Deimos and Phobos, the four Galilean satellites of Jupiter, and 22 satellites of Saturn. Pole, rotation, and size information has been added for the asteroids (21) Lutetia, (511) Davida, and (2867) Šteins. Pole and rotation information has been added for (2) Pallas and (21) Lutetia. Pole and rotation and mean radius information has been added for (1) Ceres. Pole information has been updated for (4) Vesta. The high precision realization for the pole and rotation rate of the Moon is updated. Alternative orientation models for Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn are noted. The Working Group also reaffirms that once an observable feature at a defined longitude is chosen, a longitude definition origin should not change except under unusual circumstances. It is also noted that alternative coordinate systems may exist for various (e.g. dynamical) purposes, but specific cartographic coordinate system information continues to be recommended for each body. The Working Group elaborates on its purpose, and also announces its plans to occasionally provide limited updates to its recommendations via its website, in order to address community needs for some updates more often than every 3 years. Brief recommendations are also made to the general planetary community regarding the need for controlled products, and improved or consensus rotation models for Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn.

Report of the IAU Working Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements: 2009

USGS Publications Warehouse

Archinal, Brent A.; A’Hearn, Michael F.; Bowell, Edward; Conrad, Al; Consolmagno, Guy J.; Courtin, Regis; Fukushima, Toshio; Hestroffer, Daniel; Hilton, James L.; Krasinsky, Georgij A.; Neumann, Gregory; Oberst, Jurgen; Seidelmann, P. Kenneth; Stooke, Philip; Tholen, David J.; Thomas, Peter C.; Williams, Iwan P.

2010-01-01

Every three years the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements revises tables giving the directions of the poles of rotation and the prime meridians of the planets, satellites, minor planets, and comets. This report takes into account the IAU Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN) and the IAU Committee on Small Body Nomenclature (CSBN) definition of dwarf planets, introduces improved values for the pole and rotation rate of Mercury, returns the rotation rate of Jupiter to a previous value, introduces improved values for the rotation of five satellites of Saturn, and adds the equatorial radius of the Sun for comparison. It also adds or updates size and shape information for the Earth, Mars’ satellites Deimos and Phobos, the four Galilean satellites of Jupiter, and 22 satellites of Saturn. Pole, rotation, and size information has been added for the asteroids (21) Lutetia, (511) Davida, and (2867) Šteins. Pole and rotation information has been added for (2) Pallas and (21) Lutetia. Pole and rotation and mean radius information has been added for (1) Ceres. Pole information has been updated for (4) Vesta. The high precision realization for the pole and rotation rate of the Moon is updated. Alternative orientation models for Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn are noted. The Working Group also reaffirms that once an observable feature at a defined longitude is chosen, a longitude definition origin should not change except under unusual circumstances. It is also noted that alternative coordinate systems may exist for various (e.g. dynamical) purposes, but specific cartographic coordinate system information continues to be recommended for each body. The Working Group elaborates on its purpose, and also announces its plans to occasionally provide limited updates to its recommendations via its website, in order to address community needs for some updates more often than every 3 years. Brief recommendations are also made to the general planetary community regarding the need for controlled products, and improved or consensus rotation models for Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn.

The analysis of visual variables for use in the cartographic design of point symbols for mobile Augmented Reality applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Halik, Łukasz

2012-11-01

The objective of the present deliberations was to systematise our knowledge of static visual variables used to create cartographic symbols, and also to analyse the possibility of their utilisation in the Augmented Reality (AR) applications on smartphone-type mobile devices. This was accomplished by combining the visual variables listed over the years by different researchers. Research approach was to determine the level of usefulness of particular characteristics of visual variables such as selective, associative, quantitative and order. An attempt was made to provide an overview of static visual variables and to describe the AR system which is a new paradigm of the user interface. Changing the approach to the presentation of point objects is caused by applying different perspective in the observation of objects (egocentric view) than it is done on traditional analogue maps (geocentric view). Presented topics will refer to the fast-developing field of cartography, namely mobile cartography. Particular emphasis will be put on smartphone-type mobile devices and their applicability in the process of designing cartographic symbols. Celem artykułu było usystematyzowanie wiedzy na temat statycznych zmiennych wizualnych, które sa kluczowymi składnikami budujacymi sygnatury kartograficzne. Podjeto próbe zestawienia zmiennych wizualnych wyodrebnionych przez kartografów na przestrzeni ostatnich piecdziesieciu lat, zaczynajac od klasyfikacji przedstawionej przez J. Bertin’a. Dokonano analizy stopnia uzytecznosci poszczególnych zmiennych graficznych w aspekcie ich wykorzystania w projektowaniu znaków punktowych dla mobilnych aplikacji tworzonych w technologii Rzeczywistosci Rozszerzonej (Augmented Reality). Zmienne poddano analizie pod wzgledem czterech charakterystyk: selektywnosci, skojarzeniowosci, odzwierciedlenia ilosci oraz porzadku. W artykule zwrócono uwage na odmienne zastosowanie perspektywy pomiedzy tradycyjnymi analogowymi mapami (geocentrycznosc) a aplikacjami tworzonymi w technologii Rozszerzonej Rzeczywistosci (egocentrycznosc). Tresci prezentowane w pracy dotycza szybko rozwijajacej sie gałezi kartografii - kartografii mobilnej. Dodatkowy nacisk połozony został na próbe implementacji załozen projektowania punktowych znaków kartograficznych na urzadzenia mobilne typu smartphone.

From Planetary Mapping to Map Production: Planetary Cartography as integral discipline in Planetary Sciences

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nass, Andrea; van Gasselt, Stephan; Hargitai, Hendrik; Hare, Trent; Manaud, Nicolas; Karachevtseva, Irina; Kersten, Elke; Roatsch, Thomas; Wählisch, Marita; Kereszturi, Akos

2016-04-01

Cartography is one of the most important communication channels between users of spatial information and laymen as well as the open public alike. This applies to all known real-world objects located either here on Earth or on any other object in our Solar System. In planetary sciences, however, the main use of cartography resides in a concept called planetary mapping with all its various attached meanings: it can be (1) systematic spacecraft observation from orbit, i.e. the retrieval of physical information, (2) the interpretation of discrete planetary surface units and their abstraction, or it can be (3) planetary cartography sensu strictu, i.e., the technical and artistic creation of map products. As the concept of planetary mapping covers a wide range of different information and knowledge levels, aims associated with the concept of mapping consequently range from a technical and engineering focus to a scientific distillation process. Among others, scientific centers focusing on planetary cartography are the United State Geological Survey (USGS, Flagstaff), the Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography (MIIGAiK, Moscow), Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE, Hungary), and the German Aerospace Center (DLR, Berlin). The International Astronomical Union (IAU), the Commission Planetary Cartography within International Cartographic Association (ICA), the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC), the WG IV/8 Planetary Mapping and Spatial Databases within International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS) and a range of other institutions contribute on definition frameworks in planetary cartography. Classical cartography is nowadays often (mis-)understood as a tool mainly rather than a scientific discipline and an art of communication. Consequently, concepts of information systems, mapping tools and cartographic frameworks are used interchangeably, and cartographic workflows and visualization of spatial information in thematic maps have often been neglected or were left to software systems to decide by some arbitrary default values. The diversity of cartography as a research discipline and its different contributions in geospatial sciences and communication of information and knowledge will be highlighted in this contribution. We invite colleagues from this and other discipline to discuss concepts and topics for joint future collaboration and research.

Cumulative River Dynamic Assessment using Topo-Hydrographical High Definition Surveying in the Danube River area - Km 347-Km344

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nichersu, Iulian; Mierla, Marian; Trifanov, Cristian

2013-04-01

Cumulative River Dynamic Assessment using Topo-Hydrographical High Definition Surveying in the Danube River area - Km 347-Km344 Iulian NICHERSU, Cristian TRIFANOV, Marian MIERLA The purpose of this paper is to depict and illustrate the benefits of Topo-Hydrographical High Definition Surveying (THHDS), also known as 3D multi-beam scanning, on a topo-hydrological survey application in Danube Valley. This research investigates the evolution of Danube river dynamics. We start with cross-sections made in 2002, 2007 and 2010 in this area and we coupled with 2012 THHDS. 3D multi-beam scanning method of data acquisition improve the spatial hydrological model and offers better dynamics assessment for future studies, considering that this area is carried out dredging works to improve navigation conditions - THHDS technique true modeling capabilities have applications in hydrotechnical works. Dynamics stands out on all 3 axes and cartographic documents have used both the 1930, 1950, and orthophoto images taken during flight to obtain the 3D model of the floodplain through LIDAR method, in 2007.

Management of natural resources through automatic cartographic inventory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rey, P. A.; Gourinard, Y.; Cambou, F. (Principal Investigator)

1974-01-01

The author has identified the following significant results. Significant correspondence codes relating ERTS imagery to ground truth from vegetation and geology maps have been established. The use of color equidensity and color composite methods for selecting zones of equal densitometric value on ERTS imagery was perfected. Primary interest of temporal color composite is stressed. A chain of transfer operations from ERTS imagery to the automatic mapping of natural resources was developed.

Fresh approaches to Earth surface modeling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kopylova, N. S.; Starikov, I. P.

2018-05-01

The paper considers modelling of the surface when fixing objects in the geocentric coordinate systems in the course of GLONASS satellite system development. The authors revealed new approaches to presentation of geographical data to a user, transformation of map properties and the leading role of ERS (Earth remote sensing) as a source of mapping information; change of scientific paradigms aimed at improvement of high-accuracy cartographic objects representation in the plane.

To assess the value of satellite imagery in resource inventorization on a national scale

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Malan, O. G. (Principal Investigator)

1973-01-01

The author has identified the following significant results. Production of 1:500,000 scale false color photolithoprints proved to be very valuable. Significant results were obtained in geomorphological mapping, mapping of disturbed and undisturbed natural vegetation as well as in the discovery of major geologic lineaments, some of which may be associated with mineralization. The cartographic quality of system corrected MSS imagery was also evaluated.

Characteristics and Pay of Federal Civilian Employees

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-03-01

of Federal Civilian Employees 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f...dental assistants , safety technicians, photographers, cartographic tech- nicians, and food inspectors. In December 2005, about 370,000 employees ...promotion program . CHARACTERISTICS AND PAY OF FEDERAL CIVILIAN EMPLOYEES 11pay. Sixty percent of them also switch to a different occu- pation when they

Bibliography of In-House and Contract Reports, Supplement 12.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-03-01

A134 952 Karow, Kenneth ADVANCE EDIT SYSTEM January 1983 Sonicraft, Inc. DAAK70-79-C-0 180 Keywords: Automated Cartography, Digital Data Editing...Interactive Graphics. An advanced edit system with high resolution interactive graphic workstations and support software for editing digital cartographic...J.R. OF INERTIAL SURVEY DATA Wei, S.Y. December 1982 Litton Guidance and Control Systems DAAK-70-81-C-0082 Keywords: Collocation, Gravity vector

Measuring the Fractal Dimensions of Empirical Cartographic Curves,

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-01-01

SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (URifu Detso".4 _________________ of REPRi CaM§ rtorp Cu S. GOTACSINN. RPIEMN’ CAOG HUPORu R 7. AUTNORrq...AgencyI.NMEROPAS St. Louis APS, MO 63118 ______________ 14. MONITORING AGENCY NAME & ADDRESS(It different bom Cmntrolling Office) Is. SECURITY CLASS. (of Oio~I...approximated. Potential applications for this todNtlqu Include a new means for curvilinear data compresion description of plankmetric feature boundary

The «New Map of Rome» by Giambattista Nolli: a precise representation of the urban space in the 18th century

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lelo, Keti; Travaglini, Carlo Maria

2010-05-01

The paper refers to the on going experience of the project "The Historic Atlas of Modern Rome" implemented by CROMA (Centro di ateneo per lo studio di Roma) - University Roma Tre. The project combines research in urban history with geographical information systems, and has as main objective to study the "historic environment" of Rome and its transformations. In 1748, Giovanni Battista Nolli (1692-1756) published his «New Map of Rome» (Nuova Pianta di Roma). This work represents the first geometrically correct representation of Rome within the city walls, and the only map deriving from a topographical survey of which the procedures are known. The map represents a precious source of information and a valid cartographic basis for the study of the successive phases of the city development. The presentation will illustrate the characteristics of this cartographic source, the results obtained from the georeferencing process and the construction of a GIS system for the city of Rome in the 18th century. The described methodology stands at the basis of the first volume of the Atlas, that will be shortly published in printable as well as in digital version, in a CD Rom containing a graphical interface that permits the interactive interrogation of map and databases.

Analysis of environmental-social changes in the surrounding area of KWB Turow in the historical context

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ciesłik, Tobiasz; Górniak-Zimroz, Justyna

2018-01-01

Opencast mining of large-area lignite deposits impacts the environment, and the health and life of people living in the vicinity of the conducted mining activity. Therefore, the attempt was made to develop a methodology for identification of environmental and social changes in the Bogatynia municipality (south-western Poland), resulting from functioning of Turow lignite mine within its area. During the study of changes occurring over the years, the development of mining pit was noticed, as well as the transformations of this area and impact of the mining plant on the selected elements of environment and surrounding areas. Analogue and digital data were used for the preparation of cartographic compilations, the usefulness of which was analyzed in accordance with the guidelines contained in the standard [1]. The conducted cartographic studies allowed to learn the history of the mine together with identification of changes taking place in the municipality Bogatynia. The obtained results show the form and condition of the objects in the analyzed year, allowing for the interpretation of changes that occurred in the surrounding areas of the Turow mine. Due to the conducted activity of the mine and Turow power plant, both negative and positive aspects were noted in connection with the carrying out of mining activity in the Bogatynia municipality.

Integration of Satellite Tracking Data and Satellite Images for Detailed Characteristics of Wildlife Habitats

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dobrynin, D. V.; Rozhnov, V. V.; Saveliev, A. A.; Sukhova, O. V.; Yachmennikova, A. A.

2017-12-01

Methods of analysis of the results got from satellite tracking of large terrestrial mammals differ in the level of their integration with additional geographic data. The reliable fine-scale cartographic basis for assessing specific wildlife habitats can be developed through the interpretation of multispectral remote sensing data and extrapolation of the results to the entire estimated species range. Topographic maps were ordinated according to classified features using self-organizing maps (Kohonen's SOM). The satellite image of the Ussuriiskyi Nature Reserve area was interpreted for the analysis of movement conditions for seven wild Amur tigers ( Panthera tigris altaica) equipped with GPS collars. 225 SOM classes for cartographic visualization are sufficient for the detailed mapping of all natural complexes that were identified as a result of interpretation. During snow-free periods, tigers preferred deciduous and shrub associations at lower elevations, as well as mixed forests in the valleys of streams that are adjacent to sparse forests and shrub watershed in the mountain ranges; during heavy snow periods, the animals preferred the entire range of plant communities in different relief types, except for open sites in meadows and abandoned fields at foothills. The border zones of different biotopes were typically used by the tigers during all seasons. Amur tigers preferred coniferous forests for long-term movements.

The Orbiter camera payload system's large-format camera and attitude reference system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schardt, B. B.; Mollberg, B. H.

1985-01-01

The Orbiter camera payload system (OCPS) is an integrated photographic system carried into earth orbit as a payload in the Space Transportation System (STS) Orbiter vehicle's cargo bay. The major component of the OCPS is a large-format camera (LFC), a precision wide-angle cartographic instrument capable of producing high-resolution stereophotography of great geometric fidelity in multiple base-to-height ratios. A secondary and supporting system to the LFC is the attitude reference system (ARS), a dual-lens stellar camera array (SCA) and camera support structure. The SCA is a 70 mm film system that is rigidly mounted to the LFC lens support structure and, through the simultaneous acquisition of two star fields with each earth viewing LFC frame, makes it possible to precisely determine the pointing of the LFC optical axis with reference to the earth nadir point. Other components complete the current OCPS configuration as a high-precision cartographic data acquisition system. The primary design objective for the OCPS was to maximize system performance characteristics while maintaining a high level of reliability compatible with rocket launch conditions and the on-orbit environment. The full OCPS configuration was launched on a highly successful maiden voyage aboard the STS Orbiter vehicle Challenger on Oct. 5, 1984, as a major payload aboard the STS-41G mission.

Maps for the nation: The current federal mapping establishment

USGS Publications Warehouse

North, G.W.

1983-01-01

The U.S. Government annually produces an estimated 53,000 new maps and charts and distributes about 160 million copies. A large number of these maps are produced under the national mapping program, a decentralized Federal/State cooperative approach to mapping the country at standard scales. Circular A-16, issued by the Office of Management and Budget in 1953 and revised in 1967, delegates the mapping responsibilities to various federal agencies. The U.S. Department of the Interior's Geological Survey is the principal federal agency responsible for implementing the national mapping program. Other major federal map producing agencies include the Departments of Agriculture, Commerce, Defense, Housing and Urban Development, and Transportation, and the Tennessee Valley Authority. To make maps and mapping information more readily available, the National Cartographic Information Center was established in 1974 and an expanded National Map Library Depository Program in 1981. The most recent of many technological advances made under the mapping program are in the areas of digital cartography and video disc and optical disc information storage systems. Future trends and changes in the federal mapping program will involve expanded information and customer service operations, further developments in the production and use of digital cartographic data, and consideration of a Federal Mapping Agency. ?? 1983.

Managing Approach Plate Information Study (MAPLIST): An Information Requirements Analysis of Approach Chart Use

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ricks, Wendell R.; Jonnson, Jon E.; Barry, John S.

1996-01-01

Adequately presenting all necessary information on an approach chart represents a challenge for cartographers. Since many tasks associated with using approach charts are cognitive (e.g., planning the approach and monitoring its progress), and since the characteristic of a successful interface is one that conforms to the users' mental models, understanding pilots' underlying models of approach chart information would greatly assist cartographers. To provide such information, a new methodology was developed for this study that enhances traditional information requirements analyses by combining psychometric scaling techniques with a simulation task to provide quantifiable links between pilots' cognitive representations of approach information and their use of approach information. Results of this study should augment previous information requirements analyses by identifying what information is acquired, when it is acquired, and what presentation concepts might facilitate its efficient use by better matching the pilots' cognitive model of the information. The primary finding in this study indicated that pilots mentally organize approach chart information into ten primary categories: communications, geography, validation, obstructions, navigation, missed approach, final items, other runways, visibility requirement, and navigation aids. These similarity categories were found to underlie the pilots' information acquisitions, other mental models, and higher level cognitive processes that are used to accomplish their approach and landing tasks.

76 FR 66325 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection, Comments Requested; E-FOIA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-26

... Division Record Information Dissemination Section (RIDS) will be submitting the following information... collection: Records Management Division/ Record Information Dissemination Section, Federal Bureau of... requesters etc). Abstract: The Record/Information Dissemination Section (RIDS) effectively plans, develops...

Management of natural resources through automatic cartographic inventory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rey, P. (Principal Investigator); Gourinard, Y.; Cambou, F.

1972-01-01

The author has identified the following significant results. Return beam vidicon and multispectral band scanner imagery will be correlated with existing vegetation and geologic maps of southern France and northern Spain to develop correspondence codes between map units and space data. Microclimate data from six stations, spectral measurements from a few meters to 2 km using ERTS-type filter and spectrometers, and leaf reflectance measurements will be obtained to assist in correlation studies.

The effectiveness of cartographic visualisations in landscape archaeology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fairbairn, David

2018-05-01

The use of maps and other geovisualisation methods has been longstanding in archaeology. Archaeologists employ advanced contemporary tools in their data collection, analysis and presentation. Maps can be used to render the `big data' commonly collected by archaeological prospection techniques, but are also fundamental output instru-ments for the dissemination of archaeological interpretation and modelling. This paper addresses, through case studies, alternate methods of geovisualisation in archaeology and identifies the efficiencies of each.

CIMS: The Cartographic Information Management System,

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-01-01

information , composites of overlays to demonstrate the decision-making possibilities and slides of the cadastral sheet. System Use After data base ...create a national soils data base that can be used in managing the soil (Johnson, 1979). Small-scale information systems can be used in planning the...maps/charts over the base map, etc.). An example of the manual phase to be found in the literature is the Overlay Information System used in Prince

JPRS Report, Soviet Union, Foreign Military Review, No. 11, November 1986

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-07-13

Tactical Fighter (pp 44-46) (V. Kuzmin)(not translated) FRG Air Force Third Technical School (pp 46-48) (L. KonstantinovKnot translated) NAVAL FORCES...administration presented a map of Libya marked with 44 objectives passed off as special schools in which terrorists from various regions of the world...to the DMA. The Army Cartographic School (Fort Belvoir, Virginia) trains specialists in preparing the topographic,air navigation and maritime charts

World Cultural Geography without Maps, How Can We Find Our Way? An Assessment of Implementing Map Use in Senior High School World Cultural Geography Classes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ryan, Patrick

2007-01-01

This article is designed to illustrate the critical importance of utilizing cartographic representations, i.e., maps in aiding in the increase of academic scores in regards to World Geography at the 10th grade level. The issue of using maps to better a student's comprehension of various world cultures is essential. It is my contention that the…

National Assessment of Oil and Gas Project: Areas of Historical Oil and Gas Exploration and Production in the United States

USGS Publications Warehouse

Biewick, Laura

2008-01-01

This report contains maps and associated spatial data showing historical oil and gas exploration and production in the United States. Because of the proprietary nature of many oil and gas well databases, the United States was divided into cells one-quarter square mile and the production status of all wells in a given cell was aggregated. Base-map reference data are included, using the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Map, the USGS and American Geological Institute (AGI) Global GIS, and a World Shaded Relief map service from the ESRI Geography Network. A hardcopy map was created to synthesize recorded exploration data from 1859, when the first oil well was drilled in the U.S., to 2005. In addition to the hardcopy map product, the data have been refined and made more accessible through the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) tools. The cell data are included in a GIS database constructed for spatial analysis via the USGS Internet Map Service or by importing the data into GIS software such as ArcGIS. The USGS internet map service provides a number of useful and sophisticated geoprocessing and cartographic functions via an internet browser. Also included is a video clip of U.S. oil and gas exploration and production through time.

Assessing the usefulness of the photogrammetric method in the process of capturing data on parcel boundaries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Benduch, Piotr; Pęska-Siwik, Agnieszka

2017-06-01

A parcel is the most important object of real estate cadastre. Its primary spatial attribute are boundaries, determining the extent of property rights. Capturing the data on boundaries should be performed in the way ensuring sufficiently high accuracy and reliability. In recent years, as part of the project "ZSIN - Construction of Integrated Real Estate Information System - Stage I", in the territories of the participating districts, actions were taken aimed at the modernization of the register of land and buildings. In many cases, this process was carried out basing on photogrammetric materials. Applicable regulations allow such a possibility. This paper, basing on the documentation from the National Geodetic and Cartographic Documentation Center and on the authors' own surveys attempts to assess the applicability of the photogrammetric method to capture data on the boundaries of cadastral parcels. The scope of the research, most importantly, included the problem of accuracy with which it was possible to determine the position of a boundary point using photogrammetric surveys carried out on the terrain model created from processed aerial photographs. The article demonstrates the manner of recording this information in the cadastral database, as well as the resulting legal consequences. Moreover, the level of reliability of the entered values of the selected attributes of boundary points was assessed.

High accuracy mapping with cartographic assessment for a fixed-wing remotely piloted aircraft system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alves Júnior, Leomar Rufino; Ferreira, Manuel Eduardo; Côrtes, João Batista Ramos; de Castro Jorge, Lúcio André

2018-01-01

The lack of updated maps on large scale representations has encouraged the use of remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS) to generate maps for a wide range of professionals. However, some questions arise: do the orthomosaics generated by these systems have the cartographic precision required to use them? Which problems can be identified in stitching orthophotos to generate orthomosaics? To answer these questions, an aerophotogrammetric survey was conducted in an environmental conservation unit in the city of Goiânia. The flight plan was set up using the E-motion software, provided by Sensefly-a Swiss manufacturer of the RPAS Swinglet CAM used in this work. The camera installed in the RPAS was the Canon IXUS 220 HS, with the number of pixels in the sensor array of 12.1 megapixel, complementary metal oxide semiconductor 1 ∶ 2.3 ? (4000 × 3000 pixel), horizontal and vertical pixel sizes of 1.54 μm. Using the orthophotos, four orthomosaics were generated in the Pix4D mapper software. The first orthomosaic was generated without using the control points. The other three mosaics were generated using 4, 8, and 16 premarked ground control points. To check the precision and accuracy of the orthomosaics, 46 premarked targets were uniformly distributed in the block. The three-dimensional (3-D) coordinates of the premarked targets were read on the orthomosaic and compared with the coordinates obtained by the geodetic survey real-time kinematic positioning method using the global navigation satellite system receiver signals. The cartographic accuracy standard was evaluated by discrepancies between these coordinates. The bias was analyzed by the Student's t test and the accuracy by the chi-square probability considering the orthomosaic on a scale of 1 ∶ 250, in which 90% of the points tested must have a planimetric error of <0.13 m with a standard deviation of 0.08 m and altimetric errors of <0.30 m with a standard deviation of 0.20 m. It was observed that some buildings in the orthomosaics were not properly orthorectified. The orthomosaics generated with 8 or more points reached the scale of 1 ∶ 250, whereas without control points the scale was 10-fold smaller (1 ∶ 3000).

Toward digital geologic map standards: a progress report

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ulrech, George E.; Reynolds, Mitchell W.; Taylor, Richard B.

1992-01-01

Establishing modern scientific and technical standards for geologic maps and their derivative map products is vital to both producers and users of such maps as we move into an age of digital cartography. Application of earth-science data in complex geographic information systems, acceleration of geologic map production, and reduction of population costs require that national standards be developed for digital geologic cartography and computer analysis. Since December 1988, under commission of the Chief Geologic of the U.S. Geological Survey and the mandate of the National Geologic Mapping Program (with added representation from the Association of American State Geologists), a committee has been designing a comprehensive set of scientific map standards. Three primary issues were: (1) selecting scientific symbology and its digital representation; (2) creating an appropriate digital coding system that characterizes geologic features with respect to their physical properties, stratigraphic and structural relations, spatial orientation, and interpreted mode of origin; and (3) developing mechanisms for reporting levels of certainty for descriptive as well as measured properties. Approximately 650 symbols for geoscience maps, including present usage of the U.S Geological Survey, state geological surveys, industry, and academia have been identified and tentatively adopted. A proposed coding system comprises four-character groupings of major and minor codes that can identify all attributes of a geologic feature. Such a coding system allows unique identification of as many as 105 geologic names and values on a given map. The new standard will track closely the latest developments of the Proposed Standard for Digital Cartographic Data soon to be submitted to the National Institute of Standards and Technology by the Federal Interagency Coordinating Committee on Digital Cartography. This standard will adhere generally to the accepted definitions and specifications for spatial data transfer. It will require separate specifications of digital cartographic quality relating to positional accuracy and ranges of measured and interpreted values such as geologic age and rock composition. Provisional digital geologic map standards will be published for trial implementation. After approximately two years, when comments on the proposed standards have been solicited and modifications made, formal adoption of the standards will be recommended. Widespread acceptance of the new standards will depend on their applicability to the broadest range of earth-science map products and their adaptability to changing cartographic technology.

Identification codes for organizations listed in computerized data systems of the U.S. Geological Survey

USGS Publications Warehouse

Blackwell, C.D.

1988-01-01

Codes for the unique identification of public and private organizations listed in computerized data systems are presented. These codes are used by the U.S. Geological Survey 's National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX), National Water Data Storage and Retrieval System (WATSTORE), National Cartographic Information Center (NCIC), and Office of Water Data Coordination (OWDC). The format structure of the codes is discussed and instructions are given for requesting new books. (Author 's abstract)

Earth Explorer

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2000-01-01

The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Earth Explorer Web site provides access to millions of land-related products, including the following: Satellite images from Landsat, advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR), and Corona data sets. Aerial photographs from the National Aerial Photography Program, NASA, and USGS data sets.  Digital cartographic data from digital elevation models, digital line graphs, digital raster graphics, and digital orthophoto quadrangles. USGS paper maps Digital, film, and paper products are available, and many products can be previewed before ordering.

Image Processing of Digital Cartographic Data.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-02-05

calidad coma exactitud en la produccio’n de mapas y cartas ha pasada a ser una de las mayares preocupacianes del cart6grafo. En esta ponencia se... calidad y exact itud de la infarmaci6n digital sabre elevacia’n y accidentes artificiales. Se exponen claramente las ventajas y desventajas de las...sambreada) y a las t~cnicas de cantral de calidad relativas al realce de las imfigenes. ABSTRACT FOR SCIENTIFIC PAPER TO BE PRESENTED AT: XII GENERAL

TIGER 2010 Boundaries

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). This web service includes the State and County boundaries from the TIGER shapefiles compiled into a single national coverage for each layer. The TIGER/Line Files are shapefiles and related database files (.dbf) that are an extract of selected geographic and cartographic information from the U.S. Census Bureau's Master Address File / Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (MAF/TIGER) Database (MTDB).

Brief retrospection on Hungarian school atlases

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klinghammer, István; Jesús Reyes Nuñez, José

2018-05-01

The first part of this article is dedicated to the history of Hungarian school atlases to the end of the 1st World War. Although the first maps included in a Hungarian textbook were probably made in 1751, the publication of atlases for schools is dated almost 50 years later, when professor Ézsáiás Budai created his "New School Atlas for elementary pupils" in 1800. This was followed by a long period of 90 years, when the school atlases were mostly translations and adaptations of foreign atlases, the majority of which were made in German-speaking countries. In those years, a school atlas made by a Hungarian astronomer, Antal Vállas, should be highlighted as a prominent independent piece of work. In 1890, a talented cartographer, Manó Kogutowicz founded the Hungarian Geographical Institute, which was the institution responsible for producing school atlases for the different types of schools in Hungary. The professional quality of the school atlases published by his institute was also recognized beyond the Hungarian borders by prizes won in international exhibitions. Kogutowicz laid the foundations of the current Hungarian school cartography: this statement is confirmed in the second part of this article, when three of his school atlases are presented in more detail to give examples of how the pupils were introduced to the basic cartographic and astronomic concepts as well as how different innovative solutions were used on the maps.

The UCL NASA 3D-RPIF Imaging Centre - a status report.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muller, J.-P.; Grindrod, P.

2013-09-01

The NASA RPIF (Regional Planetary Imaging Facility) network of 9 US and 8 international centres were originally set-up in 1977 to "maintain photographic and digital data as well as mission documentation and cartographic data. Each facility's general holding contains images and maps of planets and their satellites taken by solar system exploration spacecraft. These planetary image facilities are open to the public. The facilities are primarily reference centers for browsing, studying, and selecting lunar and planetary photographic and cartographic materials. Experienced staff can assist scientists, educators, students, media, and the public in ordering materials for their own use." In parallel, the NASA Planetary Data System (PDS) and ESA Planetary Science Archive (PSA) were set-up to distribute digital data initially on media such as CDROM and DVD but now entirely online. The UK NASA RPIF was the first RPIF to be established outside of the US, in 1980. In [1], the 3D-RPIF is described. Some example products derived using this equipment are illustrated here. In parallel, at MSSL a large linux cluster and associated RAID_based system has been created to act as a mirror PDS Imaging node so that huge numbers of rover imagery (from MER & MSL to begin with) and very high resolution (large size) data is available to users of the RPIF and a variety of EU-FP7 projects based at UCL.

Satellite images of the September 2013 flood event in Lyons, Colorado

USGS Publications Warehouse

Cole, Christopher J.; Friesen, Beverly A.; Wilds, Stanley; Noble, Suzanne; Warner, Harumi; Wilson, Earl M.

2013-01-01

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Special Applications Science Center (SASC) produced an image base map showing high-resolution remotely sensed data over Lyons, Colorado—a city that was severely affected by the flood event that occurred throughout much of the Colorado Front Range in September of 2013. The 0.5-meter WorldView-2 data products were created from imagery collected by DigitalGlobe on September 13 and September 24, 2013, during and following the flood event. The images shown on this map were created to support flood response efforts, specifically for use in determining damage assessment and mitigation decisions. The raw, unprocessed imagery were orthorectified and pan-sharpened to enhance mapping accuracy and spatial resolution, and reproduced onto a cartographic base map. These maps are intended to provide a snapshot representation of post-flood ground conditions, which may be useful to decisionmakers and the general public. The SASC also provided data processing and analysis support for other Colorado flood-affected areas by creating cartographic products, geo-corrected electro-optical and radar image mosaics, and GIS water cover files for use by the Colorado National Guard, the National Park Service, the U.S. Forest Service, and the flood response community. All products for this International Charter event were uploaded to the USGS Hazards Data Distribution System (HDDS) website (http://hdds.usgs.gov/hdds2/) for distribution.

Evaluation of using digital gravity field models for zoning map creation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Loginov, Dmitry

2018-05-01

At the present time the digital cartographic models of geophysical fields are taking a special significance into geo-physical mapping. One of the important directions to their application is the creation of zoning maps, which allow taking into account the morphology of geophysical field in the implementation automated choice of contour intervals. The purpose of this work is the comparative evaluation of various digital models in the creation of integrated gravity field zoning map. For comparison were chosen the digital model of gravity field of Russia, created by the analog map with scale of 1 : 2 500 000, and the open global model of gravity field of the Earth - WGM2012. As a result of experimental works the four integrated gravity field zoning maps were obtained with using raw and processed data on each gravity field model. The study demonstrates the possibility of open data use to create integrated zoning maps with the condition to eliminate noise component of model by processing in specialized software systems. In this case, for solving problem of contour intervals automated choice the open digital models aren't inferior to regional models of gravity field, created for individual countries. This fact allows asserting about universality and independence of integrated zoning maps creation regardless of detail of a digital cartographic model of geo-physical fields.

Area collapse algorithm computing new curve of 2D geometric objects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buczek, Michał Mateusz

2017-06-01

The processing of cartographic data demands human involvement. Up-to-date algorithms try to automate a part of this process. The goal is to obtain a digital model, or additional information about shape and topology of input geometric objects. A topological skeleton is one of the most important tools in the branch of science called shape analysis. It represents topological and geometrical characteristics of input data. Its plot depends on using algorithms such as medial axis, skeletonization, erosion, thinning, area collapse and many others. Area collapse, also known as dimension change, replaces input data with lower-dimensional geometric objects like, for example, a polygon with a polygonal chain, a line segment with a point. The goal of this paper is to introduce a new algorithm for the automatic calculation of polygonal chains representing a 2D polygon. The output is entirely contained within the area of the input polygon, and it has a linear plot without branches. The computational process is automatic and repeatable. The requirements of input data are discussed. The author analyzes results based on the method of computing ends of output polygonal chains. Additional methods to improve results are explored. The algorithm was tested on real-world cartographic data received from BDOT/GESUT databases, and on point clouds from laser scanning. An implementation for computing hatching of embankment is described.

Automatic Hotspot and Sun Glint Detection in UAV Multispectral Images

PubMed Central

Ortega-Terol, Damian; Ballesteros, Rocio

2017-01-01

Last advances in sensors, photogrammetry and computer vision have led to high-automation levels of 3D reconstruction processes for generating dense models and multispectral orthoimages from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) images. However, these cartographic products are sometimes blurred and degraded due to sun reflection effects which reduce the image contrast and colour fidelity in photogrammetry and the quality of radiometric values in remote sensing applications. This paper proposes an automatic approach for detecting sun reflections problems (hotspot and sun glint) in multispectral images acquired with an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), based on a photogrammetric strategy included in a flight planning and control software developed by the authors. In particular, two main consequences are derived from the approach developed: (i) different areas of the images can be excluded since they contain sun reflection problems; (ii) the cartographic products obtained (e.g., digital terrain model, orthoimages) and the agronomical parameters computed (e.g., normalized vegetation index-NVDI) are improved since radiometric defects in pixels are not considered. Finally, an accuracy assessment was performed in order to analyse the error in the detection process, getting errors around 10 pixels for a ground sample distance (GSD) of 5 cm which is perfectly valid for agricultural applications. This error confirms that the precision in the detection of sun reflections can be guaranteed using this approach and the current low-cost UAV technology. PMID:29036930

Improving the quality of mass produced maps

USGS Publications Warehouse

Simley, J.

2001-01-01

Quality is critical in cartography because key decisions are often made based on the information the map communicates. The mass production of digital cartographic information to support geographic information science has now added a new dimension to the problem of cartographic quality, as problems once limited to small volumes can now proliferate in mass production programs. These problems can also affect the economics of map production by diverting a sizeable portion of production cost to pay for rework on maps with poor quality. Such problems are common to general industry-in response, the quality engineering profession has developed a number of successful methods to overcome these problems. Two important methods are the reduction of error through statistical analysis and addressing the quality environment in which people work. Once initial and obvious quality problems have been solved, outside influences periodically appear that cause adverse variations in quality and consequently increase production costs. Such errors can be difficult to detect before the customer is affected. However, a number of statistical techniques can be employed to detect variation so that the problem is eliminated before significant damage is caused. Additionally, the environment in which the workforce operates must be conductive to quality. Managers have a powerful responsibility to create this environment. Two sets of guidelines, known as Deming's Fourteen Points and ISO-9000, provide models for this environment.

Automatic Hotspot and Sun Glint Detection in UAV Multispectral Images.

PubMed

Ortega-Terol, Damian; Hernandez-Lopez, David; Ballesteros, Rocio; Gonzalez-Aguilera, Diego

2017-10-15

Last advances in sensors, photogrammetry and computer vision have led to high-automation levels of 3D reconstruction processes for generating dense models and multispectral orthoimages from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) images. However, these cartographic products are sometimes blurred and degraded due to sun reflection effects which reduce the image contrast and colour fidelity in photogrammetry and the quality of radiometric values in remote sensing applications. This paper proposes an automatic approach for detecting sun reflections problems (hotspot and sun glint) in multispectral images acquired with an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), based on a photogrammetric strategy included in a flight planning and control software developed by the authors. In particular, two main consequences are derived from the approach developed: (i) different areas of the images can be excluded since they contain sun reflection problems; (ii) the cartographic products obtained (e.g., digital terrain model, orthoimages) and the agronomical parameters computed (e.g., normalized vegetation index-NVDI) are improved since radiometric defects in pixels are not considered. Finally, an accuracy assessment was performed in order to analyse the error in the detection process, getting errors around 10 pixels for a ground sample distance (GSD) of 5 cm which is perfectly valid for agricultural applications. This error confirms that the precision in the detection of sun reflections can be guaranteed using this approach and the current low-cost UAV technology.

Interoperability in planetary research for geospatial data analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hare, Trent M.; Rossi, Angelo P.; Frigeri, Alessandro; Marmo, Chiara

2018-01-01

For more than a decade there has been a push in the planetary science community to support interoperable methods for accessing and working with geospatial data. Common geospatial data products for planetary research include image mosaics, digital elevation or terrain models, geologic maps, geographic location databases (e.g., craters, volcanoes) or any data that can be tied to the surface of a planetary body (including moons, comets or asteroids). Several U.S. and international cartographic research institutions have converged on mapping standards that embrace standardized geospatial image formats, geologic mapping conventions, U.S. Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) cartographic and metadata standards, and notably on-line mapping services as defined by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC). The latter includes defined standards such as the OGC Web Mapping Services (simple image maps), Web Map Tile Services (cached image tiles), Web Feature Services (feature streaming), Web Coverage Services (rich scientific data streaming), and Catalog Services for the Web (data searching and discoverability). While these standards were developed for application to Earth-based data, they can be just as valuable for planetary domain. Another initiative, called VESPA (Virtual European Solar and Planetary Access), will marry several of the above geoscience standards and astronomy-based standards as defined by International Virtual Observatory Alliance (IVOA). This work outlines the current state of interoperability initiatives in use or in the process of being researched within the planetary geospatial community.

Using GIS Mapping to Target Public Health Interventions: Examining Birth Outcomes Across GIS Techniques.

PubMed

MacQuillan, E L; Curtis, A B; Baker, K M; Paul, R; Back, Y O

2017-08-01

With advances in spatial analysis techniques, there has been a trend in recent public health research to assess the contribution of area-level factors to health disparity for a number of outcomes, including births. Although it is widely accepted that health disparity is best addressed by targeted, evidence-based and data-driven community efforts, and despite national and local focus in the U.S. to reduce infant mortality and improve maternal-child health, there is little work exploring how choice of scale and specific GIS visualization technique may alter the perception of analyses focused on health disparity in birth outcomes. Retrospective cohort study. Spatial analysis of individual-level vital records data for low birthweight and preterm births born to black women from 2007 to 2012 in one mid-sized Midwest city using different geographic information systems (GIS) visualization techniques [geocoded address records were aggregated at two levels of scale and additionally mapped using kernel density estimation (KDE)]. GIS analyses in this study support our hypothesis that choice of geographic scale (neighborhood or census tract) for aggregated birth data can alter programmatic decision-making. Results indicate that the relative merits of aggregated visualization or the use of KDE technique depend on the scale of intervention. The KDE map proved useful in targeting specific areas for interventions in cities with smaller populations and larger census tracts, where they allow for greater specificity in identifying intervention areas. When public health programmers seek to inform intervention placement in highly populated areas, however, aggregated data at the census tract level may be preferred, since it requires lower investments in terms of time and cartographic skill and, unlike neighborhood, census tracts are standardized in that they become smaller as the population density of an area increases.

Combating Flood Crisis with Geographic Information System (GIS): An Example From Akure, Southwest Nigeria

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eludoyin, A. O.; Akinbode, O. M.; Archibong, Ediang Okuku

2007-07-01

Flood is a natural environmental disaster which could be aggravated by man's unguided development. It may subsequently cause destruction of properties and loss of life. Therefore it needs to be controlled and human influences controlled. This study attempts to describe an application of GIS as decision support to flooding problems in an urban area in Nigeria. The objective of the study is to describe the efficacy of GIS in monitoring of development on floodplains in an urban area in Nigeria. Topographic features were digitised from an existing 1:5,000 topographic map of Akure, with some position data collected and map updated using a handheld GPS. A database was created using both cartographic and attributes data collected from these and other sources. Spatial analyses were carried out using a PC based Integrated Land and Water Information System (ILWIS), version 3.2. The results obtained implicated dumpsites within the river channel as well as structural development within the River Ala floodplain as the major causes of inundation in this section of the city, especially, in the wet season. The study concluded that GIS could provide adequate decision support information to policy makers.

D Web Visualization of Environmental Information - Integration of Heterogeneous Data Sources when Providing Navigation and Interaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Herman, L.; Řezník, T.

2015-08-01

3D information is essential for a number of applications used daily in various domains such as crisis management, energy management, urban planning, and cultural heritage, as well as pollution and noise mapping, etc. This paper is devoted to the issue of 3D modelling from the levels of buildings to cities. The theoretical sections comprise an analysis of cartographic principles for the 3D visualization of spatial data as well as a review of technologies and data formats used in the visualization of 3D models. Emphasis was placed on the verification of available web technologies; for example, X3DOM library was chosen for the implementation of a proof-of-concept web application. The created web application displays a 3D model of the city district of Nový Lískovec in Brno, the Czech Republic. The developed 3D visualization shows a terrain model, 3D buildings, noise pollution, and other related information. Attention was paid to the areas important for handling heterogeneous input data, the design of interactive functionality, and navigation assistants. The advantages, limitations, and future development of the proposed concept are discussed in the conclusions.

Report of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements: 2015

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Archinal, B. A.; Acton, C. H.; A'Hearn, M. F.; Conrad, A.; Consolmagno, G. J.; Duxbury, T.; Hestroffer, D.; Hilton, J. L.; Kirk, R. L.; Klioner, S. A.; McCarthy, D.; Meech, K.; Oberst, J.; Ping, J.; Seidelmann, P. K.; Tholen, D. J.; Thomas, P. C.; Williams, I. P.

2018-03-01

This report continues the practice where the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements revises recommendations regarding those topics for the planets, satellites, minor planets, and comets approximately every 3 years. The Working Group has now become a "functional working group" of the IAU, and its membership is open to anyone interested in participating. We describe the procedure for submitting questions about the recommendations given here or the application of these recommendations for creating a new or updated coordinate system for a given body. Regarding body orientation, the following bodies have been updated: Mercury, based on MESSENGER results; Mars, along with a refined longitude definition; Phobos; Deimos; (1) Ceres; (52) Europa; (243) Ida; (2867) Šteins; Neptune; (134340) Pluto and its satellite Charon; comets 9P/Tempel 1, 19P/Borrelly, 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, and 103P/Hartley 2, noting that such information is valid only between specific epochs. The special challenges related to mapping 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko are also discussed. Approximate expressions for the Earth have been removed in order to avoid confusion, and the low precision series expression for the Moon's orientation has been removed. The previously online only recommended orientation model for (4) Vesta is repeated with an explanation of how it was updated. Regarding body shape, text has been included to explain the expected uses of such information, and the relevance of the cited uncertainty information. The size of the Sun has been updated, and notation added that the size and the ellipsoidal axes for the Earth and Jupiter have been recommended by an IAU Resolution. The distinction of a reference radius for a body (here, the Moon and Titan) is made between cartographic uses, and for orthoprojection and geophysical uses. The recommended radius for Mercury has been updated based on MESSENGER results. The recommended radius for Titan is returned to its previous value. Size information has been updated for 13 other Saturnian satellites and added for Aegaeon. The sizes of Pluto and Charon have been updated. Size information has been updated for (1) Ceres and given for (16) Psyche and (52) Europa. The size of (25143) Itokawa has been corrected. In addition, the discussion of terminology for the poles (hemispheres) of small bodies has been modified and a discussion on cardinal directions added. Although they continue to be used for planets and their satellites, it is assumed that the planetographic and planetocentric coordinate system definitions do not apply to small bodies. However, planetocentric and planetodetic latitudes and longitudes may be used on such bodies, following the right-hand rule. We repeat our previous recommendations that planning and efforts be made to make controlled cartographic products; newly recommend that common formulations should be used for orientation and size; continue to recommend that a community consensus be developed for the orientation models of Jupiter and Saturn; newly recommend that historical summaries of the coordinate systems for given bodies should be developed, and point out that for planets and satellites planetographic systems have generally been historically preferred over planetocentric systems, and that in cases when planetographic coordinates have been widely used in the past, there is no obvious advantage to switching to the use of planetocentric coordinates. The Working Group also requests community input on the question submitting process, posting of updates to the Working Group website, and on whether recommendations should be made regarding exoplanet coordinate systems.

Automated georeference of the 1: 20,000 Romanian maps under Lambert-Cholesky (1916-1959) projection system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rus, I.; Balint, C.; Craciunescu, V.; Constantinescu, S.; Ovejanu, I.; Bartos-Elekes, Zs.

2009-04-01

Before the 1918 Union, the Romanian territories were subject of several dominations, for which reason the cartographic data base for each Romanian province was different from an area to another. Starting from the second half of the 19th century, Valachia, Moldavia and Dobrogea (Dacia Pontica or Scitia Minor) field mapping was made, implicitly cartographic representations, different as structure. The projection systems used, the chosen geoid, the nomenclature and the distribution of the map pages were not uniform. For an example, the Bessel ellipsoid and the Cassini cross cylindrical projection were used especially to the eastern side of the Zimnicea central meridian (23 degree east from Paris), while to its western side the Bonne conic equivalent projection was used, as defined on the Clarke ellipsoid (Năstase, 1975, pages 86-87). In the other Romanian provinces, such as Transylvania, Romanian Banat, Bessarabia (Moldavia Republic) and Southern Bucovina, the major part of the cartographic products (surface contour maps) were made as polyhedral projections. During the World War I, when artillery was a redoubtable weapon a necessary idea was born to articulate an unitary cartographic projection concerning the entire Romanian territory, which should respond to the principle of conformity. Between 1916-1917, pursuant to the above argumented measure, a new datum/location surface, a new projection system and a new nomenclature were introduced. The Lambert projection system was used as modified by the French land surveyor, the mathematician and officer Andre Louis Cholensky. He was born in 1875 in Mont Guyon and passed away on the battle field in Northern France in the month of August 1918. During September 1916 up to February 1918, following the Franco-Romanian military convention, he was a Commander of the Geographic Department of the Romanian Army (Brezinsky-Gross-Cholensky, 1996). The calculations for passing from the various projections (as previously mentioned), into the Lambert-Cholensky projection, were made by the Romanian officers. The basic map, called „Plan Director de Tragere" was drafted under 1:20000 scale in 2118 drawings, covering all the Romanian territory. Under graphical aspect, such drawings had a 75 cm length (the equivalent of 15 km of land), respectively 50 cm (the equivalent of 12 km of land). Usually, at the upper part of the map, frequently to the left side, less frequently to the right side, the drawings nomenclature appeared, made following the principle: the first two letter meant the columns number and the last two characters represented the lines number. So, the drawing whose south-west corner had the Cartesian co-ordinate of 10 km, 20 km would have received the codification 1020. The manual georeference of the entire map sheets database is a meticulous and time consuming process. To overcome this disadvantages and to increase the rectification precision an automated procedure was created. The whole process of raster sheets georeference is done by a specially developed tool which relay on radon transform to extract, even in degraded and noisy conditions of original rasters, all the straight lines and form a graticule network. Then, by knowing the sheets spatial positions out of its labeling schema, all intersection points in the graticule are labeled with correct coordinates, so by this way sheets are rapidly batch georeferenced in the most accurate fashion.

GIRAS TO MOSS INTERFACE.

USGS Publications Warehouse

DiNardo, Thomas P.; Jackson, R. Alan

1984-01-01

An analysis of land use change for an area in Boulder County, Colorado, was conducted using digital cartographic data. The authors selected data in the Geographic Information Retrieval and Analysis System (GIRAS) format which is digitized from the 1:250,000-scale land use and land cover map series. The Map Overlay and Statistical System (MOSS) was used as an analytical tool for the study. The authors describe the methodology used in converting the GIRAS file into a MOSS format and the activities associated with the conversion.

Geological Survey research 1981

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1982-01-01

This U.S. Geological Survey activities report includes a summary of 1981 fiscal year scientific and economic results accompanied by a list of geologic, hydrologic, and cartographic investigations in progress. The summary of results includes: (1) Mineral, (2) Water resources, (3) Engineering geology and hydrology, (4) Regional geology, (5) Principles and processes, (6) Laboratory and field methods, (7) Topographic surveys and mapping, (8) Management of resources on public lands, (9) Land information and analysis, and (10) Investigations in other countries. Also included are lists of investigations in progress.

Cartographic evaluation of ERTS orbit and attitude data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcewen, R. B. (Principal Investigator)

1973-01-01

The author has identified the following significant results. Without the required RBV images, increased attention has been directed toward evaluating the geometric quality of MSS images. A line scan anomaly was identified and analyzed. Successive generations of images have been checked for variations in geometric distortion; it has been consistent. Some recent MSS images have about 250 m rms of relative positional accuracy although earlier images were generally over 300 m. Efforts are continuing to isolate systematic errors in MSS images but present results are inconclusive.

Management of natural resources through automatic cartographic inventory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rey, P.; Gourinard, Y.; Cambou, F. (Principal Investigator)

1973-01-01

The author has identified the following significant results. Significant results of the ARNICA program from August 1972 - January 1973 have been: (1) establishment of image to object correspondence codes for all types of soil use and forestry in northern Spain; (2) establishment of a transfer procedure between qualitative (remote identification and remote interpretation) and quantitative (numerization, storage, automatic statistical cartography) use of images; (3) organization of microdensitometric data processing and automatic cartography software; and (4) development of a system for measuring reflectance simultaneous with imagery.

Overall evaluation of Skylab imagery for mapping of Latin America

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Staples, J. E.; Eoldan, J. J. M.; Fernandez, O. W.; Alves, M.; Mutis, J.; Fletcher, A. G.; Ferrero, M. B.; Morell, J. J. H.; Romero, L. E.; Garcia, J. A. G. (Principal Investigator)

1975-01-01

The author has identified the following significant results. Skylab imagery is both desired and needed by the Latin American catographic agencies. The imagery is cost beneficial for the production of new mapping and maintenance of existing maps at national topographic series scales. If this information was available on a near time routine coverage basis, it would provide an excellent additional data base to the Latin American cartographic community, specifically Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Paraguay, and Venezuela.

Transformations from an oblate spheroid to a plane and vice versa: The equations used in the cartographic projection program MAP2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Elliott, D. A.; Schwartz, A. A.

1977-01-01

The relationships between the coordinates of a point on the surface on an oblate spheroid and the coordinates of the projection of that point in several common map projections are discussed. Because several of the projections are conformal, the theory of conformally mapping an oblate spheroid to the plane is summarized. For each projection considered, the equations which map the spheroid to the plane and their inverses are given.

Applications of remote sensing in resource management in Nebraska

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Drew, J. V.

1975-01-01

A computer-generated graphic display of land use data was developed. The level II inventory data for Sarpy County, Nebraska, was placed on magnetic tape. This data could then be displayed in a map format for comparative analysis of amount and distribution of the various categories of land use. The presentation scale can be varied and thus utilized as a direct guide for cartographic purposes during preparation for publication. In addition, the inventory and classification system was further refined.

A Cultural Resources Survey of Arlington Revetment and LSU Berm Levee Improvement Item, East Baton Rouge Parish Louisiana

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-07-01

number of surrounding cultures, perhaps even as far away as Mesoamerica (Neuman 1984:218). Sometime after A.D. 1000, the Plaquemine phenomenon, originally ...River (Bayou Manchac) and Duncan Point. Source: LSU Cartographic Information Center .............. 54 Figure 25: Detail of Pittman’s map of Mississippi...8217Hope Estate Plantation’ Gouache on paper. Black and White copy of Persac’s original , 1858. Source: LSU Anglo Art Museum, Baton Rouge, Louisiana

A close-range photogrammetric technique for mapping neotectonic features in trenches

USGS Publications Warehouse

Fairer, G.M.; Whitney, J.W.; Coe, J.A.

1989-01-01

Close-range photogrammetric techniques and newly available computerized plotting equipment were used to map exploratory trench walls that expose Quaternary faults in the vicinity of Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Small-scale structural, lithologic, and stratigraphic features can be rapidly mapped by the photogrammetric method. This method is more accurate and significantly more rapid than conventional trench-mapping methods, and the analytical plotter is capable of producing cartographic definition of high resolution when detailed trench maps are necessary. -from Authors

[The representation of population density in school atlases: a critical examination of population maps].

PubMed

Schroder, P

1997-01-01

The author critiques the way population density is represented in school atlases, focusing on those used in German-speaking countries. After a discussion of the methodological problems underlying such representations, he selects examples from several German atlases to illustrate the transmission of contradictory, misleading, or out-of-date information. He also suggests ways to improve this situation, including better teaching of underlying cartographical issues and the use of a dot system to illustrate population density.

Displays, instruments, and the multi-dimensional world of cartography

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mccleary, George F., Jr.

1989-01-01

Cartographers are creators and purveyors of maps. Maps are representations of space, geographical images of the environment. Maps organize spatial information for convenience, particularly for use in performing tasks which involve the environment. There are many different kinds of maps, and there are as many different uses of maps as there are spatial problems to be solved. Maps and the display instrument dichotomy are examined. Also examined are the categories of map use along with the characteristics of maps.

TIGER 2010 Boundaries

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). This web service includes the State, County, and Census Block Groups boundaries from the TIGER shapefiles compiled into a single national coverage for each layer. The TIGER/Line Files are shapefiles and related database files (.dbf) that are an extract of selected geographic and cartographic information from the U.S. Census Bureau's Master Address File / Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (MAF/TIGER) Database (MTDB).

27 CFR 26.310 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Records. 26.310 Section 26... Eligible Articles From the Virgin Islands § 26.310 Records. (a) General. Every person intending to file... keep permanent records of the data elements required by this section. Such records shall be maintained...

40 CFR 209.28 - Record.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Record. 209.28 Section 209.28... Orders Issued Under Section 11(d) of the Noise Control Act § 209.28 Record. (a) Hearings shall be... of the record and the sole official transcript. Copies of the record shall be filed with the hearing...

40 CFR 209.28 - Record.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Record. 209.28 Section 209.28... Orders Issued Under Section 11(d) of the Noise Control Act § 209.28 Record. (a) Hearings shall be... of the record and the sole official transcript. Copies of the record shall be filed with the hearing...

40 CFR 209.28 - Record.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2012-07-01 2011-07-01 true Record. 209.28 Section 209.28... Orders Issued Under Section 11(d) of the Noise Control Act § 209.28 Record. (a) Hearings shall be... of the record and the sole official transcript. Copies of the record shall be filed with the hearing...

30 CFR 75.339 - Seals records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... serve the purpose for which it is built. (3) Gas sampling records 75.336(e)(2) 1 year. (4) Record of... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Seals records. 75.339 Section 75.339 Mineral.... Table—§ 75.339(a) Seal Recordkeeping Requirements Record Section reference Retention time (1) Approved...

Los Alamos National Laboratory: A guide to records series supporting epidemiologic studies conducted for the Department of Energy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1997-01-01

The purpose of this guide is to describe each series of records that pertains to the epidemiologic studies conducted by the Epidemiology Section of the Occupational Medicine Group (ESH-2) at the Department of Energy`s (DOE) Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in Los Alamos, New Mexico. The records described in this guide relate to occupational studies performed by the Epidemiology Section, including those pertaining to workers at LANL, Mound Plant, Oak Ridge Reservation, Pantex Plant, Rocky Flats Plant, and Savannah River Site. Also included are descriptions of other health-related records generated or collected by the Epidemiology Section and a small setmore » of records collected by the Industrial Hygiene and Safety Group. This guide is not designed to describe the universe of records generated by LANL which may be used for epidemiologic studies of the LANL work force. History Associates Incorporated (HAI) prepared this guide as part of its work as the support services contractor for DOE`s Epidemiologic Records Inventory Project. This introduction briefly describes the Epidemiologic Records Inventory Project, HAI`s role in the project, the history of LANL the history and functions of LANL`s Health Division and Epidemiology Section, and the various epidemiologic studies performed by the Epidemiology Section. It provides information on the methodology that HAI used to inventory and describe records housed in the offices of the LANL Epidemiology Section in Technical Area 59 and at the LANL Records Center. Other topics include the methodology used to produce the guide, the arrangement of the detailed record series descriptions, and information concerning access to records repositories.« less

A complete solution of cartographic displacement based on elastic beams model and Delaunay triangulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Y.; Guo, Q.; Sun, Y.

2014-04-01

In map production and generalization, it is inevitable to arise some spatial conflicts, but the detection and resolution of these spatial conflicts still requires manual operation. It is become a bottleneck hindering the development of automated cartographic generalization. Displacement is the most useful contextual operator that is often used for resolving the conflicts arising between two or more map objects. Automated generalization researches have reported many approaches of displacement including sequential approaches and optimization approaches. As an excellent optimization approach on the basis of energy minimization principles, elastic beams model has been used in resolving displacement problem of roads and buildings for several times. However, to realize a complete displacement solution, techniques of conflict detection and spatial context analysis should be also take into consideration. So we proposed a complete solution of displacement based on the combined use of elastic beams model and constrained Delaunay triangulation (CDT) in this paper. The solution designed as a cyclic and iterative process containing two phases: detection phase and displacement phase. In detection phase, CDT of map is use to detect proximity conflicts, identify spatial relationships and structures, and construct auxiliary structure, so as to support the displacement phase on the basis of elastic beams. In addition, for the improvements of displacement algorithm, a method for adaptive parameters setting and a new iterative strategy are put forward. Finally, we implemented our solution on a testing map generalization platform, and successfully tested it against 2 hand-generated test datasets of roads and buildings respectively.

Geovisualization of land use and land cover using bivariate maps and Sankey flow diagrams

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Strode, Georgianna; Mesev, Victor; Thornton, Benjamin; Jerez, Marjorie; Tricarico, Thomas; McAlear, Tyler

2018-05-01

The terms `land use' and `land cover' typically describe categories that convey information about the landscape. Despite the major difference of land use implying some degree of anthropogenic disturbance, the two terms are commonly used interchangeably, especially when anthropogenic disturbance is ambiguous, say managed forestland or abandoned agricultural fields. Cartographically, land use and land cover are also sometimes represented interchangeably within common legends, giving with the impression that the landscape is a seamless continuum of land use parcels spatially adjacent to land cover tracts. We believe this is misleading, and feel we need to reiterate the well-established symbiosis of land uses as amalgams of land covers; in other words land covers are subsets of land use. Our paper addresses this spatially complex, and frequently ambiguous relationship, and posits that bivariate cartographic techniques are an ideal vehicle for representing both land use and land cover simultaneously. In more specific terms, we explore the use of nested symbology as ways to represent graphically land use and land cover, where land cover are circles nested with land use squares. We also investigate bivariate legends for representing statistical covariance as a means for visualizing the combinations of land use and cover. Lastly, we apply Sankey flow diagrams to further illustrate the complex, multifaceted relationships between land use and land cover. Our work is demonstrated on data representing land use and cover data for the US state of Florida.

Overhead View of Pathfinder Landing Site

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1997-01-01

Planimetric (overhead view) map of the landing site, to a distance of 20 meters from the spacecraft. North is at the top in this and Plates 3-5. To produce this map, images were geometrically projected onto an assumed mean surface representing the ground. Features above the ground plane (primarily rocks) therefore appear displaced radially outward; the amount of distortion increases systematically with distance. The upper surfaces of the lander and rover also appear enlarged and displaced because of their height. Primary grid (white) is based on the Landing Site Cartographic (LSC) coordinate system, defined with X eastward, Y north, and Z up, and origin located at the mean ground surface immediately beneath the deployed position of the IMP camera gimbal center. Secondary ticks (cyan) are based on the Mars local level (LL) frame, which has X north, Y east, Z down, with origin in the center of the lander baseplate. Rover positions (including APXS measurements) are commonly reported in the LL frame. Yellow grid shows polar coordinates based on the LSC system. Cartographic image processing by U.S. Geological Survey.

NOTE: original caption as published in Science Magazine

Mars Pathfinder is the second in NASA's Discovery program of low-cost spacecraft with highly focused science goals. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, developed and manages the Mars Pathfinder mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. JPL is a division of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech).

Cartography, new technologies and geographic education: theoretical approaches to research the field

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Seneme do Canto, Tânia

2018-05-01

In order to understand the roles that digital mapping can play in cartographic and geographic education, this paper discusses the theoretical and methodological approach used in a research that is undertaking in the education of geography teachers. To develop the study, we found in the works of Lankshear and Knobel (2013) a notion of new literacies that allows us looking at the practices within digital mapping in a sociocultural perspective. From them, we conclude that in order to understand the changes that digital cartography is able to foment in geography teaching, it is necessary to go beyond the substitution of means in the classroom and being able to explore what makes the new mapping practices different from others already consolidated in geography teaching. Therefore, we comment on some features of new forms of cartographic literacy that are in full development with digital technologies, but which are not determined solely by their use. The ideas of Kitchin and Dodge (2007) and Del Casino Junior and Hanna (2006) are also an important reference for the research. Methodologically, this approach helps us to understand that in the seek to comprehend maps and their meanings, irrespective of the medium used, we are dealing with a process of literacy that is very particular and emergent because it involves not only the characteristics of the map artifact and of the individual that produces or consumes it, but depends mainly on a diversity of interconnections that are being built between them (map and individual) and the world.

International Map Year: Results and Implications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rystedt, Bengt; Ormeling, Ferjan; Buckley, Aileen; Coetzee, Serena; Voženilek, Vit; Fairbairn, David; Kagawa, Ayako

2018-05-01

IMY was a worldwide celebration of maps and their unique role in our world. Supported by the United Nations, IMY provides opportunities to demonstrate, follow, and get involved in the art, science, and technology of making and using maps and geographic information. International Map Year (IMY) started in Paris 2011 when the General Assembly of the International Cartographic Association (ICA) asked the ICA Executive Committee (EC) to follow up on the proposal given in a motion from the Swedish Cartographic Society. An IMY Working Group (WG) was constituted - it defined the IMY goals and the activities required to reach them, and it proposed a suitable time period for the IMY to the ICA EC. IMY commenced in August 2015 and ended in December 2016. The success of IMY was dependent on all member nations of the ICA participating in an effort to broaden the knowledge of cartography and geographic information in society in general, especially among citizens and school children. Member nations of the ICA were responsible for organizing IMY activities, such as a national Map Day, through national IMY committees tasked to engage national organizations and spearheading collaboration. The IMY WG set up an IMY web site with general information on IMY, guidelines for how to organize Map Days, suggestions relating to activities aimed at general map awareness, and more. The web site also provides access to the electronic book The World of Maps, which has been translated from English into five other languages.

a Model Study of Small-Scale World Map Generalization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cheng, Y.; Yin, Y.; Li, C. M.; Wu, W.; Guo, P. P.; Ma, X. L.; Hu, F. M.

2018-04-01

With the globalization and rapid development every filed is taking an increasing interest in physical geography and human economics. There is a surging demand for small scale world map in large formats all over the world. Further study of automated mapping technology, especially the realization of small scale production on a large scale global map, is the key of the cartographic field need to solve. In light of this, this paper adopts the improved model (with the map and data separated) in the field of the mapmaking generalization, which can separate geographic data from mapping data from maps, mainly including cross-platform symbols and automatic map-making knowledge engine. With respect to the cross-platform symbol library, the symbol and the physical symbol in the geographic information are configured at all scale levels. With respect to automatic map-making knowledge engine consists 97 types, 1086 subtypes, 21845 basic algorithm and over 2500 relevant functional modules.In order to evaluate the accuracy and visual effect of our model towards topographic maps and thematic maps, we take the world map generalization in small scale as an example. After mapping generalization process, combining and simplifying the scattered islands make the map more explicit at 1 : 2.1 billion scale, and the map features more complete and accurate. Not only it enhance the map generalization of various scales significantly, but achieve the integration among map-makings of various scales, suggesting that this model provide a reference in cartographic generalization for various scales.

Development of a Planet Tool for an interactive School Atlas as eBook

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wondrak, Stephan

2018-05-01

The present thesis describes the development of a planet tool for an interactive school atlas using an eBook format. Especially the technical and cartographical capabilities of the open standard ePUB 3 are evaluated. An eBook application with interactive and dynamic 2-dimensional visualizations is developed especially to show whether the re-al-world dimensions and distances in the solar system can be mapped in a cartographical correct and for students easy understandable manner. In the first part of the work, the requirements of the planet tool are evaluated in co-operation with experts. The open standards PDF and ePUB 3 are investigated with regard to the requirements for the development of the planet tool. Another chapter describes in detail all significant steps of the development process for a prototype of the planet tool. A graphic file originally created for print production is prepared and enhanced with interactive features to generate one of the eBook pages. This serves to show a potential workflow for the generation of eBook pages in a cross-media atlas production. All sample pages of the prototype show different layouts and contain the entire spectrum of interactive features and multimedia content of modern eBooks. The sample pages are presented and discussed in an own chapter. The results of the present work aim at answering the question concerning the suitability of the open standard ePUB 3 for the development of a multimedia eBook for high school education.

Cartographic modelling of aerotechnogenic pollution in snow cover in the landscapes of the Kola Peninsula.

PubMed

Ratkin, N E; Asming, V E; Koshkin, V V

2001-01-01

The goal of this work was to develop computational techniques for sulphates, nickel and copper accumulation in the snow in the local pollution zone. The main task was to reveal the peculiarities of formation and pollution of snow cover on the region with complex cross-relief. A digital cartographic model of aerotechnogenic pollution of snow cover in the landscapes of the local zone has been developed, based on five-year experimental data. Data regarding annual emissions from the industrial complex, information about distribution of wind and the sum of precipitation from meteostation "Nikel" for the winter period, allowed the model to ensure: * material presentation in the form of maps of water capacity and accumulation of sulphates, nickel and copper in the snow over any winter period in retrospective; * calculation of water capacity and accumulation of pollutants for watersheds and other natural-territorial complexes; * solution of the opposite problem about the determination of the emissions of sulphates, nickel and copper from the enterprise by measuring snow pollution in datum points. The model can be used in other northern regions of the Russian Federation with similar physical-geographical and climatic conditions. The relationships between the sum of precipitation and water capacity in the landscapes of the same type and also the relationships between pollution content in snow and relief, pollution content in snow and distance from the source of emissions, were used as the basis for the model.

A Minimalist Analysis of English Topicalization: A Phase-Based Cartographic Complementizer Phrase (CP) Perspective.

PubMed

Tanaka, Hiroyoshi

Under the basic tenet that syntactic derivation offers an optimal solution to both phonological realization and semantic interpretation of linguistic expression, the recent minimalist framework of syntactic theory claims that the basic unit for the derivation is equivalent to a syntactic propositional element, which is called a phase. In this analysis, syntactic derivation is assumed to proceed at phasal projections that include Complementizer Phrases (CP). However, there have been pointed out some empirical problems with respect to the failure of multiple occurrences of discourse-related elements in the CP domain. This problem can be easily overcome if the alternative approach in the recent minimalist perspective, which is called Cartographic CP analysis, is adopted, but this may raise a theoretical issue about the tension between phasality and four kinds of functional projections assumed in this analysis (Force Phrase (ForceP), Finite Phrase (FinP), Topic Phrase (TopP) and Focus Phrase (FocP)). This paper argues that a hybrid analysis with these two influential approaches can be proposed by claiming a reasonable assumption that syntactically requisite projections (i.e., ForceP and FinP) are phases and independently constitute a phasehood with relevant heads in the derivation. This then enables us to capture various syntactic properties of the Topicalization construction in English. Our proposed analysis, coupled with some additional assumptions and observations in recent minimalist studies, can be extended to incorporate peculiar properties in temporal/conditional adverbials and imperatives.

Place and provision: mapping mental health advocacy services in London.

PubMed

Foley, Ronan; Platzer, Hazel

2007-02-01

The National Health Service (NHS) Executive for London carried out an investigation in 2002 as part of their wider mental health strategy to establish whether existing mental health advocacy provision in the city was meeting need. The project took a two-part approach, with an emphasis on, (a) mapping the provision of advocacy services and, (b) cartographic mapping of service location and catchments. Data were collected through a detailed questionnaire with service providers in collaboration with the Greater London Mental Health Advocacy Network (GLMHAN) and additional health and government sources. The service mapping identified some key statistics on funding, caseloads and models of service provision with an additional emphasis on coverage, capacity, and funding stability. The questionnaire was augmented by interviews and focus groups with commissioners, service providers and service users and identified differing perspectives and problems, which informed the different perspectives of each of these groups. The cartographic mapping exercise demonstrated a spatially-even provision of mental health advocacy services across the city with each borough being served by at least one local service as well as by London wide specialist schemes. However, at local level, no one borough had the full range of specialist provision to match local demographic need. Ultimately the research assisted the Advisory Group in providing commissioning agencies with clear information on the current status of city-wide mental health advocacy services, and on gaps in existing advocacy provision alongside previously unconsidered geographical and service dimensions of that provision.

Use of LIDAR Data in the 3D/4D Analyses of the Krakow Fortress Objects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Glowienka, Ewa; Michalowska, Krystyna; Opalinski, Piotr; Hejmanowska, Beata; Mikrut, Slawomir; Kramarczyk, Piotr

2017-10-01

The article presents partial results of studies within the framework of the international project "Cultural Heritage Through Time" (CHT2). The subject of the study were forts of the Krakow Fortress, which had been built by the Austrians between 1849-1914 in order to provide defence against the Russians. Research works were aimed at identifying architectural changes occurring in different time periods in relation to selected objects of the Krakow Fortress. For the analysis, the following LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data was applied: Digital Terrain Models (DTM), Digital Surface Model (DSM), as well as the cartographic data: maps and orthophotomaps. All spatial data was obtained from the Polish Main Office of Geodesy and Cartography (Główny Urząd Geodezji i Kartografii - GUGIK). The majority of the cartographic data is available in the form of Web Map Services (WMS) on Geoportal (www.geoportal.gov.pl). The archival data was made available by the Historical Museum of the City of Krakow, or obtained from private collections. In order to conduct a thorough analysis of objects of the Krakow fortress, DTM and DSM data was obtained, either in ASCII format, or in the source *.las (LIDAR) format. On the basis of DTM and DSM, the degree of destruction of selected fortress objects was determined, occurring as a result of the action of demolishing those objects in the interwar period (1920-1939) and in the 1950s. The research has been made on the basis of all available cartographic materials, both archival (plans, maps, photos) and current (topographic map, orthophotomap, etc.) ones. Verification of archival maps and plans was carried out by comparing current digital images of the existing forms of fortifications with designs developed by the Austrians. As a result, it was possible to identify the differences between the original design, and the current state of the objects concerned. The analyses, which have been conducted, also allowed checking the legitimacy of locating the forts in terms of the object visibility from the enemy’s side (foreground), presence and number of "dead fields" in the foreground, the effectiveness of blurring characteristic military forms by means of masks formed from tree rows and shrubs. Furthermore, the analyses involved examination of the impact of erosion resulting from the natural process of silting drains of forts’ ground forms, as well as processes of obliterating of the slopes, sliding of the scarps, and flooding of moats and caponieres.

Application of ordinary kriging to reconstruct and visualise the relief in thelocation of an open pit sand mine. (Polish Title: Zastosowanie krigingu zwyczajnego do rekonstrukcji i wizualizacji reliefu w miejscach odkrywkowej eksploatacji piasku)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zarychta, R.; Zarychta, A.

2013-12-01

Extraction of mineral resources, including rocks, usually causes some significant changes of the landscape. Transformation of the relief which character and scale can be analysed by means of cartographic materials seems to be the most interesting. Reconstruction of the relief of the period prior to the exploitation is a starting point for such investigation. It can be done basing on archival cartographic materials which are difficult to obtain. However, too varied morphological material of the area can lead to erroneous conclusions which suggests interpretation of three - dimensional models of the relief. Hence, the paper deals with reconstruction and visualisation of the relief (in the period before the exploitation) of four sand fields of the old sand mine excavation "Siemonia". A geological map of Poland (Wojkowice sheet) has been used for the purpose. A geostatical analysis by means of the programmes Surfer 8 and ArcGIS 10.1. has been performed on the map. An estimation method called ordinary kriging, which is related to B.L.U.E. (best linear unbiased estimator), where the condition of the lack of weight of the measurement (the sum of weight is equal to 1) is fulfilled, has been applied. The calculated values of errors (mean error, mean squared error and mean squared standardised error) obtained as a result of application of the cross - validation procedure are, to a large extent, in agreement with predetermined values of errors given by numerous authors in the scientific literature. It confirms proper "manual" adjustment of two mathematic al models of spherical variograms and empirical variograms. The generated contour map of the investigated area (based on estimated points of sampling in nodes of the interpolation grid) together with its three - dimensional digital model are more adequate (due to significant marking of the relief) to the previous state of the investigated area than the two other presented types of cartographic visualisations made without application of the geostatistical methods. Hence, the graphic presentation of results, mentioned as the last one, can be only applied to visualise the relief without any detailed geomorphological interpretations due to its inaccuracy. It seems to be obvious that detailed analyses can be performed basing on a digital model of the terrain accompanied by its contour map obtained when reconstruction of the relief is made by means of geostatistical methods (especially ordinary kriging).

Investigation of fluvial landforms in the north-eastern Pannonian Basin, using cartographic materials from the XIX-XXI Centuries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Robu, Delia; Niga, Bogdan; Perşoiu, Ioana

2015-04-01

The study area is located in the north-eastern Pannonian Basin, and covers approximately 3700 km2. Using cartographic materials for the last 155 years, we analyzed and defined river network and relict fluvial morphologies created by the rivers Tur, Someş, Homorod and Crasna. Database extraction from each set of historical maps was performed by field verification and validation, associated to GIS techniques. Relict fluvial morphologies on the Someş alluvial cone comprise a wide variety of channel typologies and sizes, drainage directions and their consequent typology, which indicates a complex fluvial evolution. The dominant category of relict fluvial morphology is represented by the meander loop. Following the quantitative analysis on the successive sets of maps we identified and delimited meander loops and meandering paths formed prior to the reference year 1860. Generally, the post-1860 relict fluvial morphologies are secondary morphologies, as the keynote is given by those formed previous to the reference moment 1860. An analysis of the share of the relict fluvial morphologies on the three sets of reference cartographic materials (the second Austro-Hungarian topographic survey, Google Earth and orthophotoplans) highlights that most relict fluvial morphologies were identified on the second Austro-Hungarian topographic survey, followed by those identified in Google Earth and orthophotoplans. The map of fluvial morphologies constructed in this study enables a discussion on drainage directions, based on the observation that a series of abandoned meander loops and segments follow clear directions. We applied several quantitative indices in assessing the relict fluvial morphology (radius of curvature, paleochannel width). Consequently, we identified underfit stream sectors with meander loops larger than the modern ones Someş meanders (on the Racta River), uncharacteristic features such as braided riverbed reaches, a high frequency of meander scrolls present on the right bank of Crasna at its entrance in the plain, or the occurrence of wetlands in an area affected by subsidence (the Ecedeea Plain). Despite the ample human intervention in our study area through sewers, dams, meander cuts, the river network evolution trend remained the same between 1860 and 2005, with evolution and formation of meanders, although the change rate has diminished. "ACKNOWLEDGMENT This paper has been financially supported within the project entitled "SOCERT. Knowledge society, dynamism through research", contract number POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132406. This project is co-financed by European Social Fund through Sectoral Operational Programme for Human Resources Development 2007-2013. Investing in people!"

The statistical geoportal and the ``cartographic added value'' - creation of the spatial knowledge infrastructure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fiedukowicz, Anna; Gasiorowski, Jedrzej; Kowalski, Paweł; Olszewski, Robert; Pillich-Kolipinska, Agata

2012-11-01

The wide access to source data, published by numerous websites, results in situation, when information acquisition is not a problem any more. The real problem is how to transform information in the useful knowledge. Cartographic method of research, dealing with spatial data, has been serving this purpose for many years. Nowadays, it allows conducting analyses at the high complexity level, thanks to the intense development in IT technologies, The vast majority of analytic methods utilizing the so-called data mining and data enrichment techniques, however, concerns non-spatial data. According to the Authors, utilizing those techniques in spatial data analysis (including analysis based on statistical data with spatial reference), would allow the evolution of the Spatial Information Infrastructure (SII) into the Spatial Knowledge Infrastructure (SKI). The SKI development would benefit from the existence of statistical geoportal. Its proposed functionality, consisting of data analysis as well as visualization, is outlined in the article. The examples of geostatistical analyses (ANOVA and the regression model considering the spatial neighborhood), possible to implement in such portal and allowing to produce the “cartographic added value”, are also presented here. Szeroki dostep do danych zródłowych publikowanych w licznych serwisach internetowych sprawia, iz współczesnie problemem jest nie pozyskanie informacji, lecz umiejetne przekształcenie jej w uzyteczna wiedze. Kartograficzna metoda badan, która od wielu lat słuzy temu celowi w odniesieniu do danych przestrzennych, zyskuje dzis nowe oblicze - pozwala na wykonywanie złozonych analiz dzieki wykorzystaniu intensywnego rozwoju technologii informatycznych. Znaczaca wiekszosc zastosowan metod analitycznych tzw. eksploracyjnej analizy danych (data mining) i ich "wzbogacania” (data enrichment) dotyczy jednakze danych nieprzestrzennych. Wykorzystanie tych metod do analizy danych o charakterze przestrzennym, w tym danych statystycznych, i zapewnienie dostepu do nich w formie dedykowanych usług przyczyniłoby sie, zdaniem Autorów, do przetworzenia infrastruktury informacji przestrzennej (Spatial InformationInfrastructure - SII) w infrastrukture wiedzy przestrzennej (Spatial Knowledge Infrastructure - SKI). Rozwojowi SKI mógłby słuzyc geoportal statystyczny, którego propozycje funkcjonalnosci, obejmujace zarówno analize jak i wizualizacje danych, zarysowano w artykule. Zaprezentowano tez przykłady analiz statystycznych (ANOVA, regresja z uwzglednieniem sasiedztwa przestrzennego), mozliwych do zaimplementowania w takim portalu, a które mogłyby sie przyczynic do wytworzenia "kartograficznej wartosci dodanej”.

Audiovisual communication of object-names improves the spatial accuracy of recalled object-locations in topographic maps.

PubMed

Lammert-Siepmann, Nils; Bestgen, Anne-Kathrin; Edler, Dennis; Kuchinke, Lars; Dickmann, Frank

2017-01-01

Knowing the correct location of a specific object learned from a (topographic) map is fundamental for orientation and navigation tasks. Spatial reference systems, such as coordinates or cardinal directions, are helpful tools for any geometric localization of positions that aims to be as exact as possible. Considering modern visualization techniques of multimedia cartography, map elements transferred through the auditory channel can be added easily. Audiovisual approaches have been discussed in the cartographic community for many years. However, the effectiveness of audiovisual map elements for map use has hardly been explored so far. Within an interdisciplinary (cartography-cognitive psychology) research project, it is examined whether map users remember object-locations better if they do not just read the corresponding place names, but also listen to them as voice recordings. This approach is based on the idea that learning object-identities influences learning object-locations, which is crucial for map-reading tasks. The results of an empirical study show that the additional auditory communication of object names not only improves memory for the names (object-identities), but also for the spatial accuracy of their corresponding object-locations. The audiovisual communication of semantic attribute information of a spatial object seems to improve the binding of object-identity and object-location, which enhances the spatial accuracy of object-location memory.

Translation from the collaborative OSM database to cartography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hayat, Flora

2018-05-01

The OpenStreetMap (OSM) database includes original items very useful for geographical analysis and for creating thematic maps. Contributors record in the open database various themes regarding amenities, leisure, transports, buildings and boundaries. The Michelin mapping department develops map prototypes to test the feasibility of mapping based on OSM. To translate the OSM database structure into a database structure fitted with Michelin graphic guidelines a research project is in development. It aims at defining the right structure for the Michelin uses. The research project relies on the analysis of semantic and geometric heterogeneities in OSM data. In that order, Michelin implements methods to transform the input geographical database into a cartographic image dedicated for specific uses (routing and tourist maps). The paper focuses on the mapping tools available to produce a personalised spatial database. Based on processed data, paper and Web maps can be displayed. Two prototypes are described in this article: a vector tile web map and a mapping method to produce paper maps on a regional scale. The vector tile mapping method offers an easy navigation within the map and within graphic and thematic guide- lines. Paper maps can be partly automatically drawn. The drawing automation and data management are part of the mapping creation as well as the final hand-drawing phase. Both prototypes have been set up using the OSM technical ecosystem.

Audiovisual communication of object-names improves the spatial accuracy of recalled object-locations in topographic maps

PubMed Central

Bestgen, Anne-Kathrin; Edler, Dennis; Kuchinke, Lars; Dickmann, Frank

2017-01-01

Knowing the correct location of a specific object learned from a (topographic) map is fundamental for orientation and navigation tasks. Spatial reference systems, such as coordinates or cardinal directions, are helpful tools for any geometric localization of positions that aims to be as exact as possible. Considering modern visualization techniques of multimedia cartography, map elements transferred through the auditory channel can be added easily. Audiovisual approaches have been discussed in the cartographic community for many years. However, the effectiveness of audiovisual map elements for map use has hardly been explored so far. Within an interdisciplinary (cartography-cognitive psychology) research project, it is examined whether map users remember object-locations better if they do not just read the corresponding place names, but also listen to them as voice recordings. This approach is based on the idea that learning object-identities influences learning object-locations, which is crucial for map-reading tasks. The results of an empirical study show that the additional auditory communication of object names not only improves memory for the names (object-identities), but also for the spatial accuracy of their corresponding object-locations. The audiovisual communication of semantic attribute information of a spatial object seems to improve the binding of object-identity and object-location, which enhances the spatial accuracy of object-location memory. PMID:29059237

30 CFR 75.339 - Seals records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

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30 CFR 75.339 - Seals records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Seals records. 75.339 Section 75.339 Mineral... SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Ventilation § 75.339 Seals records. (a) The table entitled “Seal.... Table—§ 75.339(a) Seal Recordkeeping Requirements Record Section reference Retention time (1) Approved...

22 CFR 1102.10 - Examination of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Examination of records. 1102.10 Section 1102.10 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, UNITED STATES SECTION FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT § 1102.10 Examination of records. When a request to examine records is...

42 CFR 60.56 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Records. 60.56 Section 60.56 Public Health PUBLIC... The School § 60.56 Records. (a) In addition to complying with the requirements of section 739(b) of the Act, each school must maintain an accurate, complete, and easily retrievable record with respect...

42 CFR 60.56 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Records. 60.56 Section 60.56 Public Health PUBLIC... The School § 60.56 Records. (a) In addition to complying with the requirements of section 739(b) of the Act, each school must maintain an accurate, complete, and easily retrievable record with respect...

42 CFR 60.56 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Records. 60.56 Section 60.56 Public Health PUBLIC... The School § 60.56 Records. (a) In addition to complying with the requirements of section 739(b) of the Act, each school must maintain an accurate, complete, and easily retrievable record with respect...

42 CFR 60.56 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Records. 60.56 Section 60.56 Public Health PUBLIC... The School § 60.56 Records. (a) In addition to complying with the requirements of section 739(b) of the Act, each school must maintain an accurate, complete, and easily retrievable record with respect...

42 CFR 60.56 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Records. 60.56 Section 60.56 Public Health PUBLIC... The School § 60.56 Records. (a) In addition to complying with the requirements of section 739(b) of the Act, each school must maintain an accurate, complete, and easily retrievable record with respect...

22 CFR 33.11 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... SECTION 7 § 33.11 Records. The Office Director, Office of Marine Conservation, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs will have the right to inspect claimants' books and records... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Records. 33.11 Section 33.11 Foreign Relations...

14 CFR 437.87 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Records. 437.87 Section 437.87 Aeronautics... TRANSPORTATION LICENSING EXPERIMENTAL PERMITS Terms and Conditions of an Experimental Permit § 437.87 Records. (a) Except as required by paragraph (b) of this section, a permittee must maintain for 3 years all records...

22 CFR 33.11 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Records. 33.11 Section 33.11 Foreign Relations... SECTION 7 § 33.11 Records. The Office Director, Office of Marine Conservation, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs will have the right to inspect claimants' books and records...

22 CFR 33.11 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Records. 33.11 Section 33.11 Foreign Relations... SECTION 7 § 33.11 Records. The Office Director, Office of Marine Conservation, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs will have the right to inspect claimants' books and records...

14 CFR 437.87 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Records. 437.87 Section 437.87 Aeronautics... TRANSPORTATION LICENSING EXPERIMENTAL PERMITS Terms and Conditions of an Experimental Permit § 437.87 Records. (a) Except as required by paragraph (b) of this section, a permittee must maintain for 3 years all records...

22 CFR 33.11 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Records. 33.11 Section 33.11 Foreign Relations... SECTION 7 § 33.11 Records. The Office Director, Office of Marine Conservation, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs will have the right to inspect claimants' books and records...

14 CFR 431.77 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Records. 431.77 Section 431.77 Aeronautics...-Reusable Launch Vehicle Mission License Terms and Conditions § 431.77 Records. (a) Except as specified in paragraph (b) of this section, a licensee shall maintain for 3 years all records, data, and other material...

22 CFR 33.11 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Records. 33.11 Section 33.11 Foreign Relations... SECTION 7 § 33.11 Records. The Office Director, Office of Marine Conservation, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs will have the right to inspect claimants' books and records...

14 CFR 431.77 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Records. 431.77 Section 431.77 Aeronautics...-Reusable Launch Vehicle Mission License Terms and Conditions § 431.77 Records. (a) Except as specified in paragraph (b) of this section, a licensee shall maintain for 3 years all records, data, and other material...

14 CFR 437.87 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Records. 437.87 Section 437.87 Aeronautics... TRANSPORTATION LICENSING EXPERIMENTAL PERMITS Terms and Conditions of an Experimental Permit § 437.87 Records. (a) Except as required by paragraph (b) of this section, a permittee must maintain for 3 years all records...

14 CFR 431.77 - Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Records. 431.77 Section 431.77 Aeronautics...-Reusable Launch Vehicle Mission License Terms and Conditions § 431.77 Records. (a) Except as specified in paragraph (b) of this section, a licensee shall maintain for 3 years all records, data, and other material...

40 CFR 792.195 - Retention of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... section, documentation records, raw data, and specimens pertaining to a study and required to be retained... records, raw data, and specimens pertaining to a study and required to be retained by this part shall be... those items listed in paragraph (c) of this section, documentation records, raw data, and specimens...

Managing Data in a GIS Environment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Beltran, Maria; Yiasemis, Haris

1997-01-01

A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computer-based system that enables capture, modeling, manipulation, retrieval, analysis and presentation of geographically referenced data. A GIS operates in a dynamic environment of spatial and temporal information. This information is held in a database like any other information system, but performance is more of an issue for a geographic database than a traditional database due to the nature of the data. What distinguishes a GIS from other information systems is the spatial and temporal dimensions of the data and the volume of data (several gigabytes). Most traditional information systems are usually based around tables and textual reports, whereas GIS requires the use of cartographic forms and other visualization techniques. Much of the data can be represented using computer graphics, but a GIS is not a graphics database. A graphical system is concerned with the manipulation and presentation of graphical objects whereas a GIS handles geographic objects that have not only spatial dimensions but non-visual, i e., attribute and components. Furthermore, the nature of the data on which a GIS operates makes the traditional relational database approach inadequate for retrieving data and answering queries that reference spatial data. The purpose of this paper is to describe the efficiency issues behind storage and retrieval of data within a GIS database. Section 2 gives a general background on GIS, and describes the issues involved in custom vs. commercial and hybrid vs. integrated geographic information systems. Section 3 describes the efficiency issues concerning the management of data within a GIS environment. The paper ends with a summary of the main concerns of this paper.

NASA planetary data: applying planetary satellite remote sensing data in the classroom

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Liggett, P.; Dobinson, E.; Sword, B.; Hughes, D.; Martin, M.; Martin, D.

2002-01-01

NASA supports several data archiving and distribution mechanisms that provide a means whereby scientists can participate in education and outreach through the use of technology for data and information dissemination. The Planetary Data System (PDS) is sponsored by NASA's Office of Space Science. Its purpose is to ensure the long-term usability of NASA data and to stimulate advanced research. In addition, the NASA Regional Planetary Image Facility (RPIF), an international system of planetary image libraries, maintains photographic and digital data as well as mission documentation and cartographic data.

U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY LAND REMOTE SENSING ACTIVITIES.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Frederick, Doyle G.

1983-01-01

USGS uses all types of remotely sensed data, in combination with other sources of data, to support geologic analyses, hydrologic assessments, land cover mapping, image mapping, and applications research. Survey scientists use all types of remotely sensed data with ground verifications and digital topographic and cartographic data. A considerable amount of research is being done by Survey scientists on developing automated geographic information systems that can handle a wide variety of digital data. The Survey is also investigating the use of microprocessor computer systems for accessing, displaying, and analyzing digital data.

22 CFR 1101.6 - Requests for access to records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Requests for access to records. 1101.6 Section 1101.6 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, UNITED STATES SECTION PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1101.6 Requests for access to records. (a) Any individual may submit an inquiry to the Section to ascertain...

14 CFR 1212.501 - Record systems determined to be exempt.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... exempted. (i) The Inspector General Investigations Case Files system of records is exempt from all sections... there may exist noncriminal investigative files within this system of records, the Inspector General Investigations Case Files system of records is exempt from the following sections of the Privacy Act (5 U.S.C...

22 CFR 1101.7 - Disclosure of records to individuals who are subjects of those records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Disclosure of records to individuals who are subjects of those records. 1101.7 Section 1101.7 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, UNITED STATES SECTION PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1101.7 Disclosure of records to individuals who are subjects of those...

Upper Cretaceous planktonic stratigraphy of the Göynük composite section, western Tethys (Bolu province, Turkey)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wolfgring, Erik; Liu, Shasha; Wagreich, Michael; Böhm, Katharina; Omer Yilmaz, Ismail

2017-04-01

Upper Cretaceous strata exposed at Göynük (Mudurnu-Göynük basin, Bolu Province, Northwestern Anatolia, Turkey) provide a composite geological record from the Upper Santonian to the Maastrichtian. Deposits in this area originate from the Sakarya continent, therefore, a western Tethyan palaeogeographic setting with a palaeolatitude of a bit less than 30 degrees north can be reconstructed. Grey shales and clayey marls are exposed at Göynük and do frequently show volcanic intercalations in the oldest parts of the section, while the uppermost layers depict a more complete deeper-marine record. The pelagic palaeoenvironment, microfossil indicators point towards a distal slope setting, at the Göynük section comprises rich low-latitude planktonic foraminiferal and calcareous nannoplankton assemblages. Benthic foraminifera are scarce, however, some biostratigraphically indicative taxa were recovered. The three sections sampled for this study reveal a composite record from the Campanian Contusotruncana plummerae planktonic foraminifera Zone to the Maastrichtian Racemiguembelina fruticosa planktonic foraminifera Zone. The oldest sub section („GK-section") yields the „mid" Campanian Contusotruncana plummerae or Globotruncana ventricosa Zones and is followed by the „GC-section". The oldest strata in latter record the C. plummerae Zone, the Radotruncana calcarata Zone, Globotruncanita havanensis as well as the Globotruncana aegyptiaca Zone and are overlain by the youngest section examined in this study ("GS -section"). In the latter, we recognize the G. aegyptiaca Zone in the lowermost part, the upper Campanian/lower Maastrichtian Gansserina gansseri Zone, and the Maastrichtian Racemiguembelina fruticosa Zone. Nannofossil standard zones UC15b to UC18 are recorded within the composite section. The planktonic foraminiferal assemblages assessed in the Göynük area feature a well preserved, diverse plankton record that can be correlated to other western Tethyan sections from the Upper Cretaceous. Especially the Austrian Alpine sections (i.e. Northern Calcareous Alps and Ultrahelvetics) show similar environmental and palaeolatitudinal settings and feature a well established biostratigraphical and cyclostratigraphic record. Comparing the multi-proxy record assessed in these sections to the biostratigraphic data from the Göynük region provides useful insights into planktonic foraminiferal palaeoecology and the multistratigraphic high-resolution correlation in the Upper Cretaceous Tethyan realm.

22 CFR 1101.7 - Disclosure of records to individuals who are subjects of those records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Disclosure of records to individuals who are subjects of those records. 1101.7 Section 1101.7 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, UNITED STATES SECTION PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1101.7 Disclosure of...

32 CFR 34.40 - Purpose of reports and records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Purpose of reports and records. 34.40 Section 34.40 National Defense Department of Defense OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE DoD GRANT AND AGREEMENT... Requirements Reports and Records § 34.40 Purpose of reports and records. Sections 34.41 and 34.42 prescribe...

32 CFR 34.40 - Purpose of reports and records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Purpose of reports and records. 34.40 Section 34.40 National Defense Department of Defense OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE DoD GRANT AND AGREEMENT... Requirements Reports and Records § 34.40 Purpose of reports and records. Sections 34.41 and 34.42 prescribe...

32 CFR 34.40 - Purpose of reports and records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Purpose of reports and records. 34.40 Section 34.40 National Defense Department of Defense OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE DoD GRANT AND AGREEMENT... Requirements Reports and Records § 34.40 Purpose of reports and records. Sections 34.41 and 34.42 prescribe...

32 CFR 34.40 - Purpose of reports and records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Purpose of reports and records. 34.40 Section 34.40 National Defense Department of Defense OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE DoD GRANT AND AGREEMENT... Requirements Reports and Records § 34.40 Purpose of reports and records. Sections 34.41 and 34.42 prescribe...

32 CFR 34.40 - Purpose of reports and records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Purpose of reports and records. 34.40 Section 34.40 National Defense Department of Defense OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE DoD GRANT AND AGREEMENT... Requirements Reports and Records § 34.40 Purpose of reports and records. Sections 34.41 and 34.42 prescribe...

22 CFR 1101.7 - Disclosure of records to individuals who are subjects of those records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Disclosure of records to individuals who are subjects of those records. 1101.7 Section 1101.7 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, UNITED STATES SECTION PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1101.7 Disclosure of...

22 CFR 1101.7 - Disclosure of records to individuals who are subjects of those records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2012-04-01 2009-04-01 true Disclosure of records to individuals who are subjects of those records. 1101.7 Section 1101.7 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, UNITED STATES SECTION PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1101.7 Disclosure of...

40 CFR 750.3 - Record.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Record. 750.3 Section 750.3 Protection... Section 6 of the Toxic Substances Control Act § 750.3 Record. (a) No later than the date of proposal of a rule subject to this part, a rulemaking record for that rule shall be established. It shall consist of...

40 CFR 750.3 - Record.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Record. 750.3 Section 750.3 Protection... Section 6 of the Toxic Substances Control Act § 750.3 Record. (a) No later than the date of proposal of a rule subject to this part, a rulemaking record for that rule shall be established. It shall consist of...

40 CFR 750.3 - Record.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Record. 750.3 Section 750.3 Protection... Section 6 of the Toxic Substances Control Act § 750.3 Record. (a) No later than the date of proposal of a rule subject to this part, a rulemaking record for that rule shall be established. It shall consist of...

26 CFR 1.964-3 - Records to be provided by United States shareholders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... books of account or records as are sufficient to satisfy the requirements of section 6001 and section 964(c), or true copies thereof, as are reasonably demanded, and (2) If such books or records are not maintained in the English language, either (i) an accurate English translation of such books or records or...

Lineaments of Texas - possible surface expressions of deep-seated phenomena. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Woodruff, C.M. Jr.; Caran, S.C.

1984-04-01

Lineaments were identified on 51 Landsat images covering Texas and parts of adjacent states in Mexico and the United States. A method of identifying lineaments was designed so that the findings would be consistent, uncomplicated, objective, and reproducible. Lineaments denoted on the Landsat images were traced onto 1:250,000-scale work maps and then rendered cartographically on maps representing each of the 51 Landsat images at a scale of 1:500,000. At this stage more than 31,000 lineaments were identified. It included significant areas outside of Texas. In preparing the final lineament map of Texas at 1:1,000,000-scale from the 1:500,000-scale maps, all featuresmore » that lay outside Texas and repetition among features perceived by individual workers were eliminated. Cultural features were checked for before reducing and cartographically fitting the mosaic of 51 individual map sheets to a single map base. Lineaments that were partly colinear but with different end points were modified into a single lineament trace with the combined length of the two or more colinear lineaments. Each lineament was checked to determine its validity according to our definition. The features were edited again to eliminate processing artifacts within the image itself, as well as representations of cultural features (fencelines, roads, and the like) and geomorphic patterns unrelated to bedrock structure. Thus the more than 31,000 lineaments originally perceived were reduced to the approximately 15,000 presented on the 1:1,000,000 map. Interpretations of the lineaments are presented.« less

Mission Report on the Orbiter Camera Payload System (OCPS) Large Format Camera (LFC) and Attitude Reference System (ARS)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mollberg, Bernard H.; Schardt, Bruton B.

1988-01-01

The Orbiter Camera Payload System (OCPS) is an integrated photographic system which is carried into earth orbit as a payload in the Space Transportation System (STS) Orbiter vehicle's cargo bay. The major component of the OCPS is a Large Format Camera (LFC), a precision wide-angle cartographic instrument that is capable of producing high resolution stereo photography of great geometric fidelity in multiple base-to-height (B/H) ratios. A secondary, supporting system to the LFC is the Attitude Reference System (ARS), which is a dual lens Stellar Camera Array (SCA) and camera support structure. The SCA is a 70-mm film system which is rigidly mounted to the LFC lens support structure and which, through the simultaneous acquisition of two star fields with each earth-viewing LFC frame, makes it possible to determine precisely the pointing of the LFC optical axis with reference to the earth nadir point. Other components complete the current OCPS configuration as a high precision cartographic data acquisition system. The primary design objective for the OCPS was to maximize system performance characteristics while maintaining a high level of reliability compatible with Shuttle launch conditions and the on-orbit environment. The full-up OCPS configuration was launched on a highly successful maiden voyage aboard the STS Orbiter vehicle Challenger on October 5, 1984, as a major payload aboard mission STS 41-G. This report documents the system design, the ground testing, the flight configuration, and an analysis of the results obtained during the Challenger mission STS 41-G.

Valorisation of Como Historical Cadastral Maps Through Modern Web Geoservices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brovelli, M. A.; Minghini, M.; Zamboni, G.

2012-07-01

Cartographic cultural heritage preserved in worldwide archives is often stored in the original paper version only, thus restricting both the chances of utilization and the range of possible users. The Web C.A.R.T.E. system addressed this issue with regard to the precious cadastral maps preserved at the State Archive of Como. Aim of the project was to improve the visibility and accessibility of this heritage using the latest free and open source tools for processing, cataloguing and web publishing the maps. The resulting architecture should therefore assist the State Archive of Como in managing its cartographic contents. After a pre-processing consisting of digitization and georeferencing steps, maps were provided with metadata, compiled according to the current Italian standards and managed through an ad hoc version of the GeoNetwork Opensource geocatalog software. A dedicated MapFish-based webGIS client, with an optimized version also for mobile platforms, was built for maps publication and 2D navigation. A module for 3D visualization of cadastral maps was finally developed using the NASA World Wind Virtual Globe. Thanks to a temporal slidebar, time was also included in the system producing a 4D Graphical User Interface. The overall architecture was totally built with free and open source software and allows a direct and intuitive consultation of historical maps. Besides the notable advantage of keeping original paper maps intact, the system greatly simplifies the work of the State Archive of Como common users and together widens the same range of users thanks to the modernization of map consultation tools.

Mining the modular structure of protein interaction networks.

PubMed

Berenstein, Ariel José; Piñero, Janet; Furlong, Laura Inés; Chernomoretz, Ariel

2015-01-01

Cluster-based descriptions of biological networks have received much attention in recent years fostered by accumulated evidence of the existence of meaningful correlations between topological network clusters and biological functional modules. Several well-performing clustering algorithms exist to infer topological network partitions. However, due to respective technical idiosyncrasies they might produce dissimilar modular decompositions of a given network. In this contribution, we aimed to analyze how alternative modular descriptions could condition the outcome of follow-up network biology analysis. We considered a human protein interaction network and two paradigmatic cluster recognition algorithms, namely: the Clauset-Newman-Moore and the infomap procedures. We analyzed to what extent both methodologies yielded different results in terms of granularity and biological congruency. In addition, taking into account Guimera's cartographic role characterization of network nodes, we explored how the adoption of a given clustering methodology impinged on the ability to highlight relevant network meso-scale connectivity patterns. As a case study we considered a set of aging related proteins and showed that only the high-resolution modular description provided by infomap, could unveil statistically significant associations between them and inter/intra modular cartographic features. Besides reporting novel biological insights that could be gained from the discovered associations, our contribution warns against possible technical concerns that might affect the tools used to mine for interaction patterns in network biology studies. In particular our results suggested that sub-optimal partitions from the strict point of view of their modularity levels might still be worth being analyzed when meso-scale features were to be explored in connection with external source of biological knowledge.

Design and implementation of a cartographic client application for mobile devices using SVG Tiny and J2ME

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hui, L.; Behr, F.-J.; Schröder, D.

2006-10-01

The dissemination of digital geospatial data is available now on mobile devices such as PDAs (personal digital assistants) and smart-phones etc. The mobile devices which support J2ME (Java 2 Micro Edition) offer users and developers one open interface, which they can use to develop or download the software according their own demands. Currently WMS (Web Map Service) can afford not only traditional raster image, but also the vector image. SVGT (Scalable Vector Graphics Tiny) is one subset of SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) and because of its precise vector information, original styling and small file size, SVGT format is fitting well for the geographic mapping purpose, especially for the mobile devices which has bandwidth net connection limitation. This paper describes the development of a cartographic client for the mobile devices, using SVGT and J2ME technology. Mobile device will be simulated on the desktop computer for a series of testing with WMS, for example, send request and get the responding data from WMS and then display both vector and raster format image. Analyzing and designing of System structure such as user interface and code structure are discussed, the limitation of mobile device should be taken into consideration for this applications. The parsing of XML document which is received from WMS after the GetCapabilities request and the visual realization of SVGT and PNG (Portable Network Graphics) image are important issues in codes' writing. At last the client was tested on Nokia S40/60 mobile phone successfully.

Seeing the unseen: an Indigenous heritage's mapping project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gagnon, Justine

2018-05-01

Based on an ongoing qualitative and collaborative research project led in partnership with the Innu community of Pessamit, this paper brings into focus some specific issues regarding memories recollection and representation in a context of deterritorialization. The Innu First Nation has a specific historical and political context related to resources exploitation. Since their traditional lands have been the site of several large-scale hydroelectric projects, they have been intimately - and to a large extent, forcibly - involved in the economic transformation of Quebec since the 1950s. It should be noted, however, that their ancestral occupation has never been formerly recognized by the federal and provincial governments, a political and legal context partly responsible for the material and cultural losses they had to deal with. Through interviews we have conducted with the elders that travelled the rivers before the floods, we tried to rebuild, in some way, the cultural heritage embedded in those submerged lands. We used different cartographic tools and materials in a way to support and trigger the personal narratives the elders were remembering and sharing. This cultural mapping process revealed three main issues I would like to focus on. First, as the cartographic representations were getting closer to the landscapes the elders perceived and experimented as kids and young adults, the localization of significant places and the creation of personal narratives became easier and fluid. Secondly, we found, through that inquiry, how important an enhanced visibility of innu's flooded heritage can be on a political level. Finally, we came to the conclusion that mapping should be considered more as a conversation than a visual representation only.

Occupational injury and illness recording and reporting requirements. Final rule.

PubMed

2001-10-12

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is delaying the effective date of three provisions of the Occupational Injury and Illness Recording and Reporting Requirements rule published January 19, 2001 (66 FR 5916-6135) and is establishing interim criteria for recording cases of work-related hearing loss. The provisions being delayed are sections 1904.10 (a) and (b), which specify recording criteria for cases involving occupational hearing loss, section 1904.12, which defines "musculoskeletal disorder (MSD)" and requires employers to check the MSD column on the OSHA Log if an employee experiences a work-related musculoskeletal disorder, and section 1904.29(b)(7)(vi), which states that MSDs are not considered privacy concern cases. The effective date of these provisions is delayed from January 1, 2002 until January 1, 2003. OSHA will continue to evaluate sections 1904.10 and 1904.12 over the next year. OSHA is also adding a new paragraph(c) to section 1904.10, establishing criteria for recording cases of work-related hearing loss during calendar year 2002. Section 1904.10(c) codifies the enforcement policy in effect since 1991, under which employers must record work related shifts in hearing of an average of 25 dB or more at 2000, 3000 and 4000 hertz in either ear.

21 CFR 21.71 - Disclosure of records in Privacy Act Record Systems; accounting required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... accounting shall be made, in accordance with paragraph (e) of this section, of any disclosure under paragraph (a) of this section of a record that is not a disclosure under § 21.70. (e) Where an accounting is... of the disclosure. The accounting shall not be considered a Privacy Act Record System. (2) Retain the...

If You Record It, Some Won't Come: Using Lecture Capture in Introductory Psychology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Drouin, Michelle A.

2014-01-01

In this study, I examined the effects of offering supplemental video lecture recordings to students in a face-to-face introductory psychology course. I employed a quasi-experimental design, in which one section had lectures recordings available (recordings of the face-to-face lecture) and one section did not, and I examined whether class section…

40 CFR 750.14 - Record.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Record. 750.14 Section 750.14 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT PROCEDURES... Manufacturing Exemptions § 750.14 Record. Section 750.3 shall be applicable with the exception that the words...

40 CFR 750.14 - Record.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Record. 750.14 Section 750.14 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT PROCEDURES... Manufacturing Exemptions § 750.14 Record. Section 750.3 shall be applicable with the exception that the words...

40 CFR 750.14 - Record.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Record. 750.14 Section 750.14 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT PROCEDURES... Manufacturing Exemptions § 750.14 Record. Section 750.3 shall be applicable with the exception that the words...

16 CFR 1018.28 - Records and transcripts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Records and transcripts. 1018.28 Section 1018.28 Commercial Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION GENERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE MANAGEMENT Operation of Advisory Committees § 1018.28 Records and transcripts. (a) Subject to section 552 of title 5...

16 CFR 1018.28 - Records and transcripts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Records and transcripts. 1018.28 Section 1018.28 Commercial Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION GENERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE MANAGEMENT Operation of Advisory Committees § 1018.28 Records and transcripts. (a) Subject to section 552 of title 5...

16 CFR 1018.28 - Records and transcripts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Records and transcripts. 1018.28 Section 1018.28 Commercial Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION GENERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE MANAGEMENT Operation of Advisory Committees § 1018.28 Records and transcripts. (a) Subject to section 552 of title 5...

16 CFR 1018.28 - Records and transcripts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Records and transcripts. 1018.28 Section 1018.28 Commercial Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION GENERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE MANAGEMENT Operation of Advisory Committees § 1018.28 Records and transcripts. (a) Subject to section 552 of title 5...

Using online database for landslide susceptibility assessment with an example from the Veneto Region (north-eastern Italy).

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Floris, Mario; Squarzoni, Cristina; Zorzi, Luca; D'Alpaos, Andrea; Iafelice, Maria

2010-05-01

Landslide susceptibility maps describe landslide-prone areas by the spatial correlation between landslides and related factors, derived from different kinds of datasets: geological, geotechnical and geomechanical maps, hydrogeological maps, landslides maps, vector and raster terrain data, real-time inclinometer and pore pressure data. In the last decade, thanks to the increasing use of web-based tools for management, sharing and communication of territorial information, many Web-based Geographical Information Systems (WebGIS) were created by local governments or nations, University and Research Centres. Nowadays there is a strong proliferation of geological WebGIS or GeoBrowser, allowing free download of spatial information. There are global Cartographical Portals that provide a free download of DTM and other vector data related to the whole planet (http://www.webgis.com). At major scale, there are WebGIS regarding entire nation (http://www.agiweb.org), or specific region of a country (http://www.mrt.tas.gov.au), or single municipality (http://sitn.ne.ch/). Moreover, portals managed by local government and academic government (http://turtle.ags.gov.ab.ca/Peace_River/Site/) or by a private agency (http://www.bbt-se.com) are noteworthy. In Italy, the first national projects for the creation of WebGIS and web-based databases begun during the 1980s, and evolved, through years, to the present number of different WebGIS, which have different territorial extensions: national (Italian National Cartographical Portal, http://www.pcn.minambiente.it; E-GEO Project, http://www.egeo.unisi.it), interregional (River Tiber Basin Authority, www.abtevere.it ), and regional (Veneto Region, www.regione.veneto.it). In this way we investigated most of the Italian WebGIS in order to verify their geographic range and the availability and quality of data useful for landslide hazard analyses. We noticed a large variability of the accessing information among the different browsers. In particular, the Trento and Bolzano Provinces Geobrowsers (http://www.provincia.bz.it; http://www.territorio.provincia.tn.it) provide a large availability of data respect to the other regional and interregional WebGIS, which generally allow only the download of topographic data. Recently, the Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, ISPRA (Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la ricerca Ambientale), makes available and free usable the Italian Inventory of Landslides (IFFI Project). The inventory contains information derived from the census of all the instability phenomena in Italy, offering a base-cognitive instrument for the landslide hazard evaluation. For the landslide hazard assessment it is essential to evaluate the real effectiveness of the available data. Hence, we test the effectiveness of the web databases to evaluate the landslides susceptibility in the Euganean Hill Regional Park (185.5 km2), located at SE of Padua (Veneto Region, Italy). We used data available from three online spatial databases: Veneto Region Cartographic Portal (http://www.regione.veneto.it), for vector terrain data at 1:5000 scale; the IFFI archive (http://www.sinanet.apat.it), for information concerning landslides; and the National Cartographic Portal of the Italian Ministry of Environment (http://www.pcn.minambiente.it), for the multi-temporal orthophotos. The landslide susceptibility was evaluated using a simple probabilistic analysis considering the relationships between landslides and DEM-derived factors, such as slope, curvature and aspect. For the validation of the analysis, we made a spatial test by subdividing the study area in two sectors: training area and test area. The obtained results show that the actual no-completeness of online available spatial databases related to the Veneto Region allows only regional and medium scale (>1:25,000) susceptibility analysis. Data about lithology, land use, groundwater and others relevant factors are absent. In addition, the lack of data on the temporal evolution of the landslides permits only a spatial analysis, impeding a complete evaluation of the landslide hazard.

16 CFR § 1018.28 - Records and transcripts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Records and transcripts. § 1018.28 Section § 1018.28 Commercial Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION GENERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE MANAGEMENT Operation of Advisory Committees § 1018.28 Records and transcripts. (a) Subject to section 552 of...

36 CFR 902.53 - Records exempted from disclosure by statute.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... disclosure by statute. 902.53 Section 902.53 Parks, Forests, and Public Property PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE....53 Records exempted from disclosure by statute. (a) Records relating to matters that are specifically exempted by statute from disclosure may not be made available for public inspection. For example: section...

16 CFR 300.31 - Maintenance of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Maintenance of records. 300.31 Section 300... AND REGULATIONS UNDER THE WOOL PRODUCTS LABELING ACT OF 1939 Manufacturers' Records § 300.31... was processed or manufactured as prescribed by sections 300.25a and/or .25b. (b) Any person...

49 CFR 1544.230 - Fingerprint-based criminal history records checks (CHRC): Flightcrew members.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 9 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Fingerprint-based criminal history records checks (CHRC): Flightcrew members. 1544.230 Section 1544.230 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to... Fingerprint-based criminal history records checks (CHRC): Flightcrew members. (a) Scope. This section applies...

49 CFR 1544.230 - Fingerprint-based criminal history records checks (CHRC): Flightcrew members.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 9 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Fingerprint-based criminal history records checks (CHRC): Flightcrew members. 1544.230 Section 1544.230 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to... Fingerprint-based criminal history records checks (CHRC): Flightcrew members. (a) Scope. This section applies...

49 CFR 1544.230 - Fingerprint-based criminal history records checks (CHRC): Flightcrew members.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 9 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Fingerprint-based criminal history records checks (CHRC): Flightcrew members. 1544.230 Section 1544.230 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to... Fingerprint-based criminal history records checks (CHRC): Flightcrew members. (a) Scope. This section applies...

49 CFR 1544.230 - Fingerprint-based criminal history records checks (CHRC): Flightcrew members.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 9 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Fingerprint-based criminal history records checks (CHRC): Flightcrew members. 1544.230 Section 1544.230 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to... Fingerprint-based criminal history records checks (CHRC): Flightcrew members. (a) Scope. This section applies...

49 CFR 1544.230 - Fingerprint-based criminal history records checks (CHRC): Flightcrew members.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Fingerprint-based criminal history records checks (CHRC): Flightcrew members. 1544.230 Section 1544.230 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to... Fingerprint-based criminal history records checks (CHRC): Flightcrew members. (a) Scope. This section applies...

37 CFR 201.28 - Statements of Account for digital audio recording devices or media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... digital audio recording devices or media. 201.28 Section 201.28 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights COPYRIGHT OFFICE, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COPYRIGHT OFFICE AND PROCEDURES GENERAL PROVISIONS § 201.28 Statements of Account for digital audio recording devices or media. (a) General. This section prescribes rules...

37 CFR 201.28 - Statements of Account for digital audio recording devices or media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... digital audio recording devices or media. 201.28 Section 201.28 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights COPYRIGHT OFFICE, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COPYRIGHT OFFICE AND PROCEDURES GENERAL PROVISIONS § 201.28 Statements of Account for digital audio recording devices or media. (a) General. This section prescribes rules...

37 CFR 201.28 - Statements of Account for digital audio recording devices or media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... digital audio recording devices or media. 201.28 Section 201.28 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights COPYRIGHT OFFICE, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COPYRIGHT OFFICE AND PROCEDURES GENERAL PROVISIONS § 201.28 Statements of Account for digital audio recording devices or media. (a) General. This section prescribes rules...

An online planetary exploration tool: ;Country Movers;

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gede, Mátyás; Hargitai, Henrik

2017-08-01

Results in astrogeologic investigations are rarely communicated towards the general public by maps despite the new advances in planetary spatial informatics and new spatial datasets in high resolution and more complete coverage. Planetary maps are typically produced by astrogeologists for other professionals, and not by cartographers for the general public. We report on an application designed for students, which uses cartography as framework to aid the virtual exploration of other planets and moons, using the concepts of size comparison and travel time calculation. We also describe educational activities that build on geographic knowledge and expand it to planetary surfaces.

Performance Characteristics For The Orbiter Camera Payload System's Large Format Camera (LFC)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

MoIIberg, Bernard H.

1981-11-01

The Orbiter Camera Payload System, the OCPS, is an integrated photographic system which is carried into Earth orbit as a payload in the Shuttle Orbiter vehicle's cargo bay. The major component of the OCPS is a Large Format Camera (LFC) which is a precision wide-angle cartographic instrument that is capable of produc-ing high resolution stereophotography of great geometric fidelity in multiple base to height ratios. The primary design objective for the LFC was to maximize all system performance characteristics while maintaining a high level of reliability compatible with rocket launch conditions and the on-orbit environment.

Natural resources research and development in Lesotho using LANDSAT imagery

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jackson, A. A. (Principal Investigator)

1976-01-01

The author has identified the following significant results. A map of the drainage of the whole country to include at least third order streams was constructed from LANDSAT imagery. This was digitized and can be plotted at any required scale to provide base maps for other cartographic projects. A suite of programs for the interpretation of digital LANDSAT data is under development for a low cost programmable calculator. Initial output from these programs has proved to have better resolution and detail than the standard photographic products, and was to update the standard topographic map of a particular region.

Computer-assisted cartography: an overview.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Guptill, S.C.; Starr, L.E.

1984-01-01

An assessment of the current status of computer-assisted cartography, in part, is biased by one's view of the cartographic process as a whole. From a traditional viewpoint we are concerned about automating the mapping process; from a progressive viewpoint we are concerned about using the tools of computer science to convey spatial information. On the surface these viewpoints appear to be in opposition. However, it is postulated that in the final analysis, they face the same goal. This overview uses the perspectives from two viewpoints to depict the current state of computer-assisted cartography and speculate on future goals, trends, and challenges.-Authors

ELT Site Prospection in Morrocan Atlas Mountains

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Benkhaldoun, Z.

2006-08-01

The Extremly Large Telescope site testing working group had selected Morrocan's mounting, as one of five locations over the word, to teste for this european project. For that we first of all carried out a selection of two sites basing on their location relative to the dominant wind flow, the cloud cover and the circulation of the Saharan aerosols. We will detail in the communication which we present here, methodology followed and results obtained. We also present the localizations of both site with a cartographic, geological study and some seismic information. The first measurements of the seeing will be also presented.

Spatial resolution requirements for automated cartographic road extraction

USGS Publications Warehouse

Benjamin, S.; Gaydos, L.

1990-01-01

Ground resolution requirements for detection and extraction of road locations in a digitized large-scale photographic database were investigated. A color infrared photograph of Sunnyvale, California was scanned, registered to a map grid, and spatially degraded to 1- to 5-metre resolution pixels. Road locations in each data set were extracted using a combination of image processing and CAD programs. These locations were compared to a photointerpretation of road locations to determine a preferred pixel size for the extraction method. Based on road pixel omission error computations, a 3-metre pixel resolution appears to be the best choice for this extraction method. -Authors

Scientific exploration of the moon

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

El-Baz, F.

1979-01-01

The paper reviews efforts undertaken to explore the moon and the results obtained, noting that such efforts have involved a successful interdisciplinary approach to solving a number of scientific problems. Attention is given to the interactions of astronomers, cartographers, geologists, geochemists, geophysicists, physicists, mathematicians and engineers. Earth based remote sensing and unmanned spacecraft such as the Ranger and Surveyor programs are discussed. Emphasis is given to the manned Apollo missions and the results obtained. Finally, the information gathered by these missions is reviewed with regards to how it has increased understanding of the moon, and future exploration is considered.

Digital processing of Mariner 9 television data.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Green, W. B.; Seidman, J. B.

1973-01-01

The digital image processing performed by the Image Processing Laboratory (IPL) at JPL in support of the Mariner 9 mission is summarized. The support is divided into the general categories of image decalibration (the removal of photometric and geometric distortions from returned imagery), computer cartographic projections in support of mapping activities, and adaptive experimenter support (flexible support to provide qualitative digital enhancements and quantitative data reduction of returned imagery). Among the tasks performed were the production of maximum discriminability versions of several hundred frames to support generation of a geodetic control net for Mars, and special enhancements supporting analysis of Phobos and Deimos images.

29 CFR 553.51 - Records to be kept for employees paid pursuant to section 7(k).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...(k). 553.51 Section 553.51 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION... GOVERNMENTS General Recordkeeping § 553.51 Records to be kept for employees paid pursuant to section 7(k). For each employee subject to the partial overtime exemption in section 7(k) of the Act, a public agency...

22 CFR 1101.6 - Requests for access to records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Requests for access to records. 1101.6 Section 1101.6 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, UNITED STATES SECTION PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1101.6 Requests for access to records. (a) Any individual may submit...

22 CFR 1101.8 - Disclosure of records to third-parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Disclosure of records to third-parties. 1101.8 Section 1101.8 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, UNITED STATES SECTION PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1101.8 Disclosure of records to third-parties. (a) The...

22 CFR 1101.6 - Requests for access to records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Requests for access to records. 1101.6 Section 1101.6 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, UNITED STATES SECTION PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1101.6 Requests for access to records. (a) Any individual may submit...

22 CFR 1101.8 - Disclosure of records to third-parties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2012-04-01 2009-04-01 true Disclosure of records to third-parties. 1101.8 Section 1101.8 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, UNITED STATES SECTION PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1101.8 Disclosure of records to third-parties. (a) The...

22 CFR 1101.6 - Requests for access to records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2012-04-01 2009-04-01 true Requests for access to records. 1101.6 Section 1101.6 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, UNITED STATES SECTION PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1101.6 Requests for access to records. (a) Any individual may submit...

47 CFR 0.460 - Requests for inspection of records which are routinely available for public inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... routinely available for public inspection. 0.460 Section 0.460 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS... § 0.460 Requests for inspection of records which are routinely available for public inspection. (a) Sections 0.453 and 0.455 list those Commission records which are routinely available for public inspection...

Helping Low-Income Mothers with Criminal Records Achieve Self-Sufficiency.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Rebecca

2000-01-01

This issue of WIN (Welfare Information Network) Issue Notes focuses on helping low-income mothers with criminal records achieve self-sufficiency. Section 1 offers background. Section 2 answers these policy questions: why states might want to focus on serving low-income mothers with criminal records; how states can encourage employers to hire…

37 CFR 201.27 - Initial notice of distribution of digital audio recording devices or media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... distribution of digital audio recording devices or media. 201.27 Section 201.27 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights COPYRIGHT OFFICE, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COPYRIGHT OFFICE AND PROCEDURES GENERAL PROVISIONS § 201.27 Initial notice of distribution of digital audio recording devices or media. (a) General. This section...

37 CFR 201.28 - Statements of Account for digital audio recording devices or media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... digital audio recording devices or media. 201.28 Section 201.28 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights U.S. COPYRIGHT OFFICE, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COPYRIGHT OFFICE AND PROCEDURES GENERAL PROVISIONS § 201.28 Statements of Account for digital audio recording devices or media. (a) General. This section prescribes rules...

37 CFR 201.27 - Initial notice of distribution of digital audio recording devices or media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... distribution of digital audio recording devices or media. 201.27 Section 201.27 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights COPYRIGHT OFFICE, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COPYRIGHT OFFICE AND PROCEDURES GENERAL PROVISIONS § 201.27 Initial notice of distribution of digital audio recording devices or media. (a) General. This section...

37 CFR 201.27 - Initial notice of distribution of digital audio recording devices or media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... distribution of digital audio recording devices or media. 201.27 Section 201.27 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights COPYRIGHT OFFICE, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COPYRIGHT OFFICE AND PROCEDURES GENERAL PROVISIONS § 201.27 Initial notice of distribution of digital audio recording devices or media. (a) General. This section...

37 CFR 201.27 - Initial notice of distribution of digital audio recording devices or media.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... distribution of digital audio recording devices or media. 201.27 Section 201.27 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights COPYRIGHT OFFICE, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COPYRIGHT OFFICE AND PROCEDURES GENERAL PROVISIONS § 201.27 Initial notice of distribution of digital audio recording devices or media. (a) General. This section...

Evaluating the Effect of Display Realism on Natural Resource Decision Making

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chong, Steven S.

2018-05-01

Geographic information systems (GIS) facilitate location-based decision making. Despite the improved availability of GIS software to non-professionals, training in cartographic design has not followed suit. Prior research indicates that when presented with map choices, users are influenced by naïve realism, a preference for realistic displays cotaining irrelevant, extraneous details, leading to decreased task efficiency. This study investigated the role of naïve realism in decision making for natural resource management, a field that often employs geospatial tools. Data was collected through a GIS user ability test, a questionnaire and direct observation. Forty volunteer expert and non-expert resource managers evaluated the suitability of different sites for a land management scenario. Each participant was tested on two map display treatments containing different levels of realism - a simpler 2D display and a more complex 3D display - to compare task performance. Performance was measured by task accuracy and task completion time. User perceptions and preferences about the displays were also recorded. Display realism had an impact on performance and there were indications naïve realism was present. Users completed tasks significantly faster on the 2D display and many individuals misjudged which display they were most accurate or fastest with. The results are informative for designing information systems containing interactive maps, particularly for resource management applications. The results also suggest that the order displays were presented had a significant effect and may have implications for teaching users map-based tasks.

Applicability of initial optimal maternal and fetal electrocardiogram combination vectors to subsequent recordings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yan, Hua-Wen; Huang, Xiao-Lin; Zhao, Ying; Si, Jun-Feng; Liu, Tie-Bing; Liu, Hong-Xing

2014-11-01

A series of experiments are conducted to confirm whether the vectors calculated for an early section of a continuous non-invasive fetal electrocardiogram (fECG) recording can be directly applied to subsequent sections in order to reduce the computation required for real-time monitoring. Our results suggest that it is generally feasible to apply the initial optimal maternal and fetal ECG combination vectors to extract the fECG and maternal ECG in subsequent recorded sections.

20 CFR 200.5 - Protection of privacy of records maintained on individuals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2013-04-01 2012-04-01 true Protection of privacy of records maintained on individuals. 200.5 Section 200.5 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD GENERAL ADMINISTRATION GENERAL ADMINISTRATION § 200.5 Protection of privacy of records maintained on individuals. (a) Purpose and scope. The purpose of this section is t...

20 CFR 200.5 - Protection of privacy of records maintained on individuals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Protection of privacy of records maintained on individuals. 200.5 Section 200.5 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD GENERAL ADMINISTRATION GENERAL ADMINISTRATION § 200.5 Protection of privacy of records maintained on individuals. (a) Purpose and scope. The purpose of this section is...

20 CFR 200.5 - Protection of privacy of records maintained on individuals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2014-04-01 2012-04-01 true Protection of privacy of records maintained on individuals. 200.5 Section 200.5 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD GENERAL ADMINISTRATION GENERAL ADMINISTRATION § 200.5 Protection of privacy of records maintained on individuals. (a) Purpose and scope. The purpose of this section is t...

20 CFR 200.5 - Protection of privacy of records maintained on individuals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Protection of privacy of records maintained on individuals. 200.5 Section 200.5 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD GENERAL ADMINISTRATION GENERAL ADMINISTRATION § 200.5 Protection of privacy of records maintained on individuals. (a) Purpose and scope. The purpose of this section is...

22 CFR 1102.3 - Procedures for requesting access to records or information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Procedures for requesting access to records or information. 1102.3 Section 1102.3 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, UNITED STATES SECTION FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT § 1102.3 Procedures for requesting access to records or information. (a) A...

22 CFR 1101.12 - Request to correct or amend a record.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2012-04-01 2009-04-01 true Request to correct or amend a record. 1101.12 Section 1101.12 Foreign Relations INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, UNITED STATES SECTION PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1101.12 Request to correct or amend a record. (a) Any...

21 CFR 806.30 - FDA access to records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false FDA access to records. 806.30 Section 806.30 Food... DEVICES MEDICAL DEVICES; REPORTS OF CORRECTIONS AND REMOVALS Reports and Records § 806.30 FDA access to... designated by FDA and under section 704(e) of the act, permit such officer or employee at all reasonable...

21 CFR 806.30 - FDA access to records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false FDA access to records. 806.30 Section 806.30 Food... DEVICES MEDICAL DEVICES; REPORTS OF CORRECTIONS AND REMOVALS Reports and Records § 806.30 FDA access to... designated by FDA and under section 704(e) of the act, permit such officer or employee at all reasonable...

21 CFR 806.30 - FDA access to records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false FDA access to records. 806.30 Section 806.30 Food... DEVICES MEDICAL DEVICES; REPORTS OF CORRECTIONS AND REMOVALS Reports and Records § 806.30 FDA access to... designated by FDA and under section 704(e) of the act, permit such officer or employee at all reasonable...

21 CFR 806.30 - FDA access to records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false FDA access to records. 806.30 Section 806.30 Food... DEVICES MEDICAL DEVICES; REPORTS OF CORRECTIONS AND REMOVALS Reports and Records § 806.30 FDA access to... designated by FDA and under section 704(e) of the act, permit such officer or employee at all reasonable...

21 CFR 806.30 - FDA access to records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false FDA access to records. 806.30 Section 806.30 Food... DEVICES MEDICAL DEVICES; REPORTS OF CORRECTIONS AND REMOVALS Reports and Records § 806.30 FDA access to... designated by FDA and under section 704(e) of the act, permit such officer or employee at all reasonable...

Annotated Bibliography of the Graduate Record Examinations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fortna, Richard O.

The Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) bibliography provides an exhaustive list of references to studies adding to the understanding of the development, nature, and use of the test, and is divided into two sections: (1) the first section lists 125 annotated citations that contain research studies on the GRE; (2) the second section lists reviews…

37 CFR 201.26 - Recordation of documents pertaining to computer shareware and donation of public domain computer...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... pertaining to computer shareware and donation of public domain computer software. 201.26 Section 201.26... of public domain computer software. (a) General. This section prescribes the procedures for... software under section 805 of Public Law 101-650, 104 Stat. 5089 (1990). Documents recorded in the...

Remote science support during MARS2013: testing a map-based system of data processing and utilization for future long-duration planetary missions.

PubMed

Losiak, Anna; Gołębiowska, Izabela; Orgel, Csilla; Moser, Linda; MacArthur, Jane; Boyd, Andrea; Hettrich, Sebastian; Jones, Natalie; Groemer, Gernot

2014-05-01

MARS2013 was an integrated Mars analog field simulation in eastern Morocco performed by the Austrian Space Forum between February 1 and 28, 2013. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the system of data processing and utilization adopted by the Remote Science Support (RSS) team during this mission. The RSS team procedures were designed to optimize operational efficiency of the Flightplan, field crew, and RSS teams during a long-term analog mission with an introduced 10 min time delay in communication between "Mars" and Earth. The RSS workflow was centered on a single-file, easy-to-use, spatially referenced database that included all the basic information about the conditions at the site of study, as well as all previous and planned activities. This database was prepared in Google Earth software. The lessons learned from MARS2013 RSS team operations are as follows: (1) using a spatially referenced database is an efficient way of data processing and data utilization in a long-term analog mission with a large amount of data to be handled, (2) mission planning based on iterations can be efficiently supported by preparing suitability maps, (3) the process of designing cartographical products should start early in the planning stages of a mission and involve representatives of all teams, (4) all team members should be trained in usage of cartographical products, (5) technical problems (e.g., usage of a geological map while wearing a space suit) should be taken into account when planning a work flow for geological exploration, (6) a system that helps the astronauts to efficiently orient themselves in the field should be designed as part of future analog studies.

A Combined Approach to Cartographic Displacement for Buildings Based on Skeleton and Improved Elastic Beam Algorithm

PubMed Central

Liu, Yuangang; Guo, Qingsheng; Sun, Yageng; Ma, Xiaoya

2014-01-01

Scale reduction from source to target maps inevitably leads to conflicts of map symbols in cartography and geographic information systems (GIS). Displacement is one of the most important map generalization operators and it can be used to resolve the problems that arise from conflict among two or more map objects. In this paper, we propose a combined approach based on constraint Delaunay triangulation (CDT) skeleton and improved elastic beam algorithm for automated building displacement. In this approach, map data sets are first partitioned. Then the displacement operation is conducted in each partition as a cyclic and iterative process of conflict detection and resolution. In the iteration, the skeleton of the gap spaces is extracted using CDT. It then serves as an enhanced data model to detect conflicts and construct the proximity graph. Then, the proximity graph is adjusted using local grouping information. Under the action of forces derived from the detected conflicts, the proximity graph is deformed using the improved elastic beam algorithm. In this way, buildings are displaced to find an optimal compromise between related cartographic constraints. To validate this approach, two topographic map data sets (i.e., urban and suburban areas) were tested. The results were reasonable with respect to each constraint when the density of the map was not extremely high. In summary, the improvements include (1) an automated parameter-setting method for elastic beams, (2) explicit enforcement regarding the positional accuracy constraint, added by introducing drag forces, (3) preservation of local building groups through displacement over an adjusted proximity graph, and (4) an iterative strategy that is more likely to resolve the proximity conflicts than the one used in the existing elastic beam algorithm. PMID:25470727

Role of satellite remote sensing in the geographic information economics in France

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Denégre, Jean

In national and international economics, geographic information plays a role which is generally acknowledged to be important but which is however, difficult to assess quantitatively, its applications being rather miscellaneous and indirect. Computer graphics and telecommunications increae that importance still more and justify many investments and research into new cartographic forms. As part of its responsibility for participating in the promotion of those developments, by taking into account needs expressed by public or private users, the National Council for Geographic Information (C.N.I.G.) has undertaken a general evaluation of the economic and social utility of geographic information in France. The study involves an estimation of the cost of production and research activities, which are probably about 0.1% of the Cross National Product—similar to many other countries. It also devised a method of estimating "cost/advantage" ratios applicable to these "intangible" benefits. Within that framework, remote sensing emphasizes particular aspects related both to the increase of economic performances in cartographic production and to the advent of new products and new ways of utilization. A review of some significant sectors shows effective earnings of about 10-20%, or even 50% or 100% of the costs, and these are doubtless much greater for the efficacy in the exploitation of products. Finally, many applications, entirely new result from extensions in various fields which would have been impossible without remote sensing: here the "cost advantage" ratio cannot even be compared with previous processes. Studies were undertaken in parallel for defining different types of products derived from satellite imagery, as well as those domains where development effort is required in order to make new advances.

Integration of SRTM and TRMM date into the GIS-based hydrological model for the purpose of flood modelling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Akbari, A.; Abu Samah, A.; Othman, F.

2012-04-01

Due to land use and climate changes, more severe and frequent floods occur worldwide. Flood simulation as the first step in flood risk management can be robustly conducted with integration of GIS, RS and flood modeling tools. The primary goal of this research is to examine the practical use of public domain satellite data and GIS-based hydrologic model. Firstly, database development process is described. GIS tools and techniques were used in the light of relevant literature to achieve the appropriate database. Watershed delineation and parameterizations were carried out using cartographic DEM derived from digital topography at a scale of 1:25 000 with 30 m cell size and SRTM elevation data at 30 m cell size. The SRTM elevation dataset is evaluated and compared with cartographic DEM. With the assistance of statistical measures such as Correlation coefficient (r), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), Percent Bias (PBias) or Percent of Error (PE). According to NSE index, SRTM-DEM can be used for watershed delineation and parameterization with 87% similarity with Topo-DEM in a complex and underdeveloped terrains. Primary TRMM (V6) data was used as satellite based hytograph for rainfall-runoff simulation. The SCS-CN approach was used for losses and kinematic routing method employed for hydrograph transformation through the reaches. It is concluded that TRMM estimates do not give adequate information about the storms as it can be drawn from the rain gauges. Event-based flood modeling using HEC-HMS proved that SRTM elevation dataset has the ability to obviate the lack of terrain data for hydrologic modeling where appropriate data for terrain modeling and simulation of hydrological processes is unavailable. However, TRMM precipitation estimates failed to explain the behavior of rainfall events and its resultant peak discharge and time of peak.

Movement and habitat use by radio-tagged paddlefish in the upper Mississippi River and tributaries

USGS Publications Warehouse

Zigler, S.J.; Dewey, M.R.; Knights, B.C.; Runstrom, A.L.; Steingraeber, M.T.

2003-01-01

We used radio telemetry to evaluate the movement and habitat use of paddlefish Polyodon spathula in the upper Mississippi River and two tributary rivers. Radio transmitters were surgically implanted into 71 paddlefish in Navigation Pools 5A and 8 of the upper Mississippi River, the Chippewa River, and the Wisconsin River during fall 1994 through fall 1996. Radiotagged paddlefish were located through summer 1997. The range of paddlefish movement was typically low during all seasons except spring, but some paddlefish moved throughout the 420-km extent of the study area. Paddlefish tagged in the Chippewa River were closely linked with the upper Mississippi River, as substantial portions of the population inhabited the adjacent Navigation Pool 4 each spring; paddlefish in the Wisconsin River, however, rarely ventured out of that tributary. The use of aquatic area types by paddlefish varied among the study reaches. A cartographic model of paddlefish habitat suitability was developed for Navigation Pool 8 based on geographic information systems (GIS) coverages of bathymetry and current velocity. The value of paddlefish habitat in the cartographic model increased with depth and decreased with current velocity. For example, areas modeled as excellent corresponded to regions classified as having both deep water (greater than or equal to6.0 m) and negligible (<5 cm/s) current velocities. Our study suggests that aquatic area types are an inadequate basis for making sound management decisions regarding the critical habitats of paddlefish in complex riverine systems because such strata rely on gross geomorpological features rather than on the physicochemical variables that fish use to choose habitats. The development of systemic GIS coverages of such variables could improve the understanding of fish habitat selection and management in the upper Mississippi River.

Geological, geomorphological, facies and allostratigraphic maps of the Eberswalde fan delta

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pondrelli, M.; Rossi, A. P.; Platz, T.; Ivanov, A.; Marinangeli, L.; Baliva, A.

2011-09-01

Geological, facies, geomorphological and allostratigraphic map of the Eberswalde fan delta area are presented. The Eberswalde fan delta is proposed as a sort of prototype area to map sedimentary deposits, because of its excellent data coverage and its variability in depositional as well as erosional morphologies and sedimentary facies. We present a report to distinguish different cartographic products implying an increasing level of interpretation. The geological map - in association with the facies map - represents the most objective mapping product. Formations are distinguished on the basis of objectively observable parameters: texture, color, sedimentary structures and geographic distribution. Stratigraphic relations are evaluated using Steno's principles. Formations can be interpreted in terms of depositional environment, but an eventual change of the genetic interpretation would not lead to a change in the geological map. The geomorphological map is based on the data represented in the geological map plus the association of the morphological elements, in order to infer the depositional sub-environments. As a consequence, it is an interpretative map focused on the genetic reconstruction. The allostratigraphic map is based on the morphofacies analysis - expressed by the geomorphological map - and by the recognition of surfaces which reflect allogenic controls, such as water level fluctuations: unconformities, erosional truncations and flooding surfaces. As a consequence, this is an even more interpretative map than the geomorphological one, since it focuses on the control on the sedimentary systems. Geological maps represent the most suitable cartographic product for a systematic mapping, which can serve as a prerequisite for scientific or landing site analyses. Geomorphological and allostratographic maps are suitable tools to broaden scientific analysis or to provide scientific background to landing site selection.

Health risks facing travelers to Russia with special reference to natural-focal diseases.

PubMed

Malkhazova, Svetlana M; Mironova, Varvara A; Shartova, Natalia V; Pestina, Polina V; Orlov, Dmitry S

2015-01-01

Russia, an enormous country almost completely located within temperate latitudes, has a broad spectrum of natural landscapes which attract increasing numbers of tourists, from arctic deserts in the north to steppes and deserts in the south. Currently, tourism is undergoing active development in Russia: new travel routes, including ones that involve visiting the wilderness, are steadily appearing. Among the multitude of infectious diseases that can endanger travelers, natural-focal diseases, whose agents and/or carriers are integral to natural landscapes, are especially prominent. Some of the results of the study of natural-focal infections and parasitoses, which are necessary to evaluate the recreational and travel potential of the Russian Federation, are presented and discussed in this article. A cartographical and statistical analysis of infectious and parasitic natural-focal diseases, spanning more than a decade (1997-2013), is the basis of this article. This analysis, along with that of additional cartographical and textual sources, reveals that natural-focal infections are most diverse between 48° N and 60° N and least diverse in the northern regions of the Far East of Russia. Different regions have different numbers of nosoforms and different morbidity level, which signifies an irregularity in the distribution of parasitic diseases. This medico-geographical information may be useful both for individual tourists planning trips to Russia and tour agencies organizing tour groups. It also can be used by health advisers when they consult people before a trip, to assess the actual risks, suggest a number of precautions and pick the particular diseases out of those listed that actually constitute a risk in certain regions, and suggest a suitable preventative treatment if needed. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

New velocimetry and revised cartography of the spiral arms in the Milky Way—a consistent symbiosis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vallée, Jacques P., E-mail: jacques.vallee@cnrc.gc.ca

Recent advances in the determinations of the positions (pitch angle, shape, numbers, interarm separation) and velocities (rotation curve) of the spiral arms are evaluated and compared to previous determinations. Based on these results, an average cartographic model is developed that fits the means of basic input data and provides predictions for the locations of the arms in the Milky Way, for each galactic quadrant. For each spiral arm segment in each galactic quadrant, the LSR radial velocities are calculated for the radial distance as well as for its galactic longitude. From our velocimetric model, arm intercepts (between line of sightsmore » and spiral arms) are indicated in velocity space and may be used to find the distance and velocity to any arm, in a given longitude range. Velocity comparisons between model predictions and published CO velocity distribution are done for each galactic quadrant, with good results. Our velocimetric model is not hydromagnetic in character, nor is it a particle-simulation scheme, yet it is simple to use for comparisons with the observations and it is in symbiosis and consistent with our cartographic model (itself simple to use for comparisons with observations). A blending in velocity of the Perseus and Cygnus arms is further demonstrated, as well as an apparent longitude-velocity blending of the starting points of the four spiral arms near 4 kpc (not a physical ring). An integrated (distance, velocity) model for the mass in the disk is employed, to yield the total mass of 3.0 × 10{sup 11} M{sub ☉} within a galactic radius of 28 kpc.« less

Description of the male of Antodice quadrimaculata Martins Galileo, 2003 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae), with new country record for the species.

PubMed

Barros, Rafael C de; Silva, Bianca Piraccini; Julio, Carlos E de Alvarenga

2018-02-05

The genus Antodice Thomson, 1864 was revised by Martins Galileo (1998) and currently includes 27 species (Tavakilian Chevillotte 2017), distributed from Mexico to southern South America. Based on a single female specimen collected in Arroyo Cristal, Ka'azapá, Paraguay, the species Antodice quadrimaculata was first described by Martins Galileo in 2003. The holotype specimen was collected on 20 November 1999 by J. Jensen and is deposited in the Museum of Zoology of the University of São Paulo, Brazil. With the help of Carlos Aguilar, from Paraguay's National Museum of Natural History, we were able to determine the exact location where the holotype was collected. With the collection and the description of the male, presented herein, we describe the male of this species record its occurrence in Brazil, a new country record.We identified this species as belonging to the group of Antodice species with yellowish flagellomeres and a black apex, resembling Antodice venustula Lane, 1973 in its elytral color pattern. In A. venustula, the elytra are covered with whitish pubescence and exhibit only two patches of compact white pubescence. In A. quadrimaculata, according to Martins Galileo (2003), the elytra are of a reddish color with whitish pubescence on the dorsal anterior area and close to the apexes, and they also have three patches of compact white pubescence. The specimens of A. quadrimaculata cited herein were collected in the Iguaçu National Park (Parque Nacional do Iguaçu-PNI), the largest fragment of Atlantic forest in southern Brazil, located in the western region of the state of Paraná. The insects were collected using light traps, set up on nights with a new moon. The artificial light source was a 500-Watt incandescent lamp powered by a Honda EP 2500 generator. Sampling began at 6 p.m., ending between midnight and 3 a.m. the next day. The studied material was deposited in the entomological collection of the Museum of Zoology at the State University of Londrina (Universidade Estadual de Londrina), Londrina, Brazil (MZUEL). To better represent the expansion of the geographical distribution of the species from the holotype recorded in Paraguay (Fig. 5, 6), the cartographic material (Fig. 1) was produced using ArcGIS Software 9.0®. The map database was obtained from the Institute of Land, Cartography and Geosciences, (Instituto de Terras, Cartografia e Geologia do Paraná), Curitiba, Brazil (ITCG).

36 CFR 1220.10 - Who is responsible for records management?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... records management? 1220.10 Section 1220.10 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT FEDERAL RECORDS; GENERAL § 1220.10 Who is responsible for records management? (a) The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is responsible for...

36 CFR 1220.10 - Who is responsible for records management?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... records management? 1220.10 Section 1220.10 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT FEDERAL RECORDS; GENERAL § 1220.10 Who is responsible for records management? (a) The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is responsible for...

36 CFR 1220.10 - Who is responsible for records management?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... records management? 1220.10 Section 1220.10 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT FEDERAL RECORDS; GENERAL § 1220.10 Who is responsible for records management? (a) The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is responsible for...

36 CFR 1220.10 - Who is responsible for records management?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... records management? 1220.10 Section 1220.10 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT FEDERAL RECORDS; GENERAL § 1220.10 Who is responsible for records management? (a) The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is responsible for...

8 CFR 103.39 - Historical Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...; BIOMETRIC REQUIREMENTS; AVAILABILITY OF RECORDS Availability of Records § 103.39 Historical Records. Historical Records are files, forms, and documents now located within the following records series: (a... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Historical Records. 103.39 Section 103.39...

8 CFR 103.39 - Historical Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...; BIOMETRIC REQUIREMENTS; AVAILABILITY OF RECORDS Availability of Records § 103.39 Historical Records. Historical Records are files, forms, and documents now located within the following records series: (a... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Historical Records. 103.39 Section 103.39...

8 CFR 103.39 - Historical Records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...; BIOMETRIC REQUIREMENTS; AVAILABILITY OF RECORDS Availability of Records § 103.39 Historical Records. Historical Records are files, forms, and documents now located within the following records series: (a... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Historical Records. 103.39 Section 103.39...

IFLA General Conference, 1987. Division on Bibliographic Control. Bibliography and Round Table on A/V Media Section. Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

The two papers in this section focus on the bibliographic control of sound recordings, primarily phonograph records. In the first, "The National Discography for the United Kingdom," Christopher Roads discusses the problem of lack of easily accessible and up-to-date information about the growing collection of new sound recordings as they…

26 CFR 301.6340-1 - Records of sale.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Records of sale. 301.6340-1 Section 301.6340-1... sale. (a) Requirement. Each district director shall keep a record of all sales under section 6335 of... forth (1) the tax for which any such sale was made, the dates of seizure and sale, the name of the party...

The Valle di Manche section (Calabria, Southern Italy): A high resolution record of the Early-Middle Pleistocene transition (MIS 21-MIS 19) in the Central Mediterranean

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Capraro, Luca; Ferretti, Patrizia; Macrì, Patrizia; Scarponi, Daniele; Tateo, Fabio; Fornaciari, Eliana; Bellini, Giulia; Dalan, Giorgia

2017-06-01

The on-land marine Valle di Manche section (Crotone Basin, Calabria, Southern Italy), one of the candidates to host the GSSP of the Middle Pleistocene (;Ionian;) Stage, preserves a manifold record of independent chronological, paleoclimatic and stratigraphic proxies that permit a straightforward correlation with marine and terrestrial reference records at the global scale. In particular, the section holds an excellent record of the Matuyama-Brunhes magnetic reversal, which occurs in the midst of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 19. We report on a complete revision of the section that improves dramatically the available dataset, especially in the stratigraphic interval straddling the Lower-Middle Pleistocene boundary. Our benthic δ18O record provides evidence that the Matuyama-Brunhes transition, the stratigraphic position of which is marked by a prominent tephra (the ;Pitagora ash;), occurred during full MIS 19, in agreement with many records worldwide. We obtained an age of 786.9 ± 5 ka for the Matuyama-Brunhes magnetic reversal and pinpointed the paleomagnetic transition of to a 3 cm-thick interval, indicating that the event was very fast. Since the section fulfills all the requirements to host the GSSP of the Ionian Stage, we propose that the boundary should be placed at the base of the ;Pitagora ash;, ca. 12.5 cm below the midpoint of the Matuyama-Brunhes reversal.

36 CFR 1236.6 - What are agency responsibilities for electronic records management?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...-1235 of this subchapter; (b) Integrate records management and preservation considerations into the... responsibilities for electronic records management? 1236.6 Section 1236.6 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT ELECTRONIC RECORDS MANAGEMENT General...

36 CFR 1236.6 - What are agency responsibilities for electronic records management?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...-1235 of this subchapter; (b) Integrate records management and preservation considerations into the... responsibilities for electronic records management? 1236.6 Section 1236.6 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT ELECTRONIC RECORDS MANAGEMENT General...

36 CFR 1236.6 - What are agency responsibilities for electronic records management?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...-1235 of this subchapter; (b) Integrate records management and preservation considerations into the... responsibilities for electronic records management? 1236.6 Section 1236.6 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT ELECTRONIC RECORDS MANAGEMENT General...

36 CFR 1236.6 - What are agency responsibilities for electronic records management?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...-1235 of this subchapter; (b) Integrate records management and preservation considerations into the... responsibilities for electronic records management? 1236.6 Section 1236.6 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT ELECTRONIC RECORDS MANAGEMENT General...

Management of natural resources through automatic cartographic inventory. [France

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rey, P.; Gourinard, Y.; Cambou, F. (Principal Investigator)

1974-01-01

The author has identified the following significant results. (1) Accurate recognition of previously known ground features from ERTS-1 imagery has been confirmed and a probable detection range for the major signatures can be given. (2) Unidentified elements, however, must be decoded by means of the equal densitometric value zone method. (3) Determination of these zonings involves an analogical treatment of images using the color equidensity methods (pseudo-color), color composites and especially temporal color composite (repetitive superposition). (4) After this analogical preparation, the digital equidensities can be processed by computer in the four MSS bands, according to a series of transfer operations from imagery and automatic cartography.

Overall evaluation of LANDSAT (ERTS) follow on imagery for cartographic application

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Colvocoresses, A. P. (Principal Investigator)

1977-01-01

The author has identified the following significant results. LANDSAT imagery can be operationally applied to the revision of nautical charts. The imagery depicts shallow seas in a form that permits accurate planimetric image mapping of features to 20 meters of depth where the conditions of water clarity and bottom reflection are suitable. LANDSAT data also provide an excellent simulation of the earth's surface, for such applications as aeronautical charting and radar image correlation in aircraft and aircraft simulators. Radiometric enhancement, particularly edge enhancement, a technique only marginally successful with aerial photographs has proved to be high value when applied to LANDSAT data.

Digital identification of cartographic control points

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gaskell, R. W.

1988-01-01

Techniques have been developed for the sub-pixel location of control points in satellite images returned by the Voyager spacecraft. The procedure uses digital imaging data in the neighborhood of the point to form a multipicture model of a piece of the surface. Comparison of this model with the digital image in each picture determines the control point locations to about a tenth of a pixel. At this level of precision, previously insignificant effects must be considered, including chromatic aberration, high level imaging distortions, and systematic errors due to navigation uncertainties. Use of these methods in the study of Jupiter's satellite Io has proven very fruitful.

Digital Mapping Techniques '09-Workshop Proceedings, Morgantown, West Virginia, May 10-13, 2009

USGS Publications Warehouse

Soller, David R.

2011-01-01

As in the previous years' meetings, the objective was to foster informal discussion and exchange of technical information, principally in order to develop more efficient methods for digital mapping, cartography, GIS analysis, and information management. At this meeting, oral and poster presentations and special discussion sessions emphasized (1) methods for creating and publishing map products (here, "publishing" includes Web-based release); (2) field data capture software and techniques, including the use of LiDAR; (3) digital cartographic techniques; (4) migration of digital maps into ArcGIS Geodatabase format; (5) analytical GIS techniques; and (6) continued development of the National Geologic Map Database.