31 CFR 1021.300 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.300 General. Casinos and card clubs are subject to the reporting requirements set forth and cross referenced in this subpart. Casinos and card clubs should also refer to...

31 CFR 1021.300 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.300 General. Casinos and card clubs are subject to the reporting requirements set forth and cross referenced in this subpart. Casinos and card clubs should also refer to...

31 CFR 1021.300 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.300 General. Casinos and card clubs are subject to the reporting requirements set forth and cross referenced in this subpart. Casinos and card clubs should also refer to...

31 CFR 1021.300 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.300 General. Casinos and card clubs are subject to the reporting requirements set forth and cross referenced in this subpart. Casinos and card clubs should also refer to...

77 FR 42211 - Small Business Size Standards: Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-18

... 16.5 68.3 0.598 5.0 5.0 5.0 $5.0 5.0 7.0 713210 Casinos (except Casino Hotels) 67.0 189.2 54.4 15.9... Theme Parks. 713120 Amusement 7.0 5.0 Arcades. 713210 Casinos (except 7.0 25.5 Casino Hotels). 713290...

An Exploratory Study of Problem Gambling on Casino versus Non-Casino Electronic Gaming Machines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clarke, Dave; Pulford, Justin; Bellringer, Maria; Abbott, Max; Hodgins, David C.

2012-01-01

Electronic gaming machines (EGMs) have been frequently associated with problem gambling. Little research has compared the relative contribution of casino EGMs versus non-casino EGMs on current problem gambling, after controlling for demographic factors and gambling behaviour. Our exploratory study obtained data from questionnaires administered to…

78 FR 39601 - Safety Zone, Sugar House Casino Fireworks Display, Delaware River; Philadelphia, PA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-02

...-AA00 Safety Zone, Sugar House Casino Fireworks Display, Delaware River; Philadelphia, PA AGENCY: Coast... the Delaware River. Sugar House Casino has contracted with Pyrotecnico Fireworks to arrange for this display. The Captain of the Port, Sector Delaware Bay, has determined that the Sugar House Casino...

31 CFR 1021.210 - Anti-money laundering program requirements for casinos.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Anti-money laundering program requirements for casinos. 1021.210 Section 1021.210 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money... CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Programs § 1021.210 Anti-money laundering program requirements for casinos. (a...

31 CFR 1021.210 - Anti-money laundering program requirements for casinos.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Anti-money laundering program requirements for casinos. 1021.210 Section 1021.210 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money... CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Programs § 1021.210 Anti-money laundering program requirements for casinos. (a...

31 CFR 1021.210 - Anti-money laundering program requirements for casinos.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Anti-money laundering program requirements for casinos. 1021.210 Section 1021.210 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money... CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Programs § 1021.210 Anti-money laundering program requirements for casinos. (a...

Tribal casinos in California: the last vestige of indoor smoking

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background High levels of airborne particles from secondhand smoke have been reported in California Indian casinos. Yet, little is known regarding the smoking status of casino patrons, their avoidance of secondhand smoke while visiting, and their views on a hypothetical smoking ban. Methods Predictors of visiting an Indian casino were assessed among participants of the 2008 California Tobacco Survey (n = 10, 397). Exposure to and avoidance of secondhand smoke were subsequently analyzed among a subset of participants who had visited a casino in the year prior to the survey (n = 3, 361). Results Ethnic minorities, older individuals, current smokers and residents of sparsely populated regions of California were more likely than other demographic groups to visit a tribal casino. Avoidance of secondhand smoke was more frequent among the never smokers than former and current smokers, particularly those who last visited a casino lacking physical separation between non-smoking and smoking sections. The never smokers versus current smokers disproportionately expressed a willingness to extend their stay and visit again if smoking were prohibited. Conclusions If casinos became smoke free, then it is anticipated that they would be visited by a significantly larger number of Californians, including both patrons and those who otherwise would not have visited a casino. PMID:22364487

The Utilisation of Music by Casino Managers: An Interview Study.

PubMed

Bramley, Stephanie; Dibben, Nicola; Rowe, Richard

2016-12-01

Music is ubiquitous in retail and commercial environments, with some managers believing that music can enhance the customer experience, increase footfall and sales and improve consumer satisfaction. Casino gambling is popular in the United Kingdom and anecdotal evidence suggests that music is often present. However, little is known about the rationale for music use from the perspective of casino managers. In this study semi-structured interviews were conducted with five casino managers to establish their motivations for utilising music, the factors informing their choice of music and the extent to which music is used with the intention of influencing gambling behaviour. Results showed that casino managers utilised two types of music-recorded background music, often sourced via external music supply companies and live music. Live music was often situated away from the gaming floor and used primarily to accompany participation in non-gambling activities. Recorded background music was not used with the direct aim of influencing customers' gambling behaviour, but to create the right atmosphere for gambling and to promote certain moods within the casinos. To achieve these aims casino managers manipulated the tempo, volume and genre of the recorded background music. Casino managers also reported that some gamblers listen to music via portable music players, possibly with the intention of customising their gambling experience. This study is unique as it has provided a first-hand account of casino managers' implicit theories with regards to why they utilise music and the roles which music is considered to fulfil in casinos.

Measurement of fine particles and smoking activity in a statewide survey of 36 California Indian casinos

PubMed Central

Jiang, Ru O-Ting; Cheng, Ka I-Chung; Acevedo-Bolton, Viviana; Klepeis, Neil E; Repace, James L; Ott, Wayne R; Hildemann, Lynn M

2011-01-01

Despite California's 1994 statewide smoking ban, exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) continues in California's Indian casinos. Few data are available on exposure to airborne fine particles (PM2.5) in casinos, especially on a statewide basis. We sought to measure PM2.5 concentrations in Indian casinos widely distributed across California, exploring differences due to casino size, separation of smoking and non-smoking areas, and area smoker density. A selection of 36 out of the 58 Indian casinos throughout California were each visited for 1–3 h on weekend or holiday evenings, using two or more concealed monitors to measure PM2.5 concentrations every 10 s. For each casino, the physical dimensions and the number of patrons and smokers were estimated. As a preliminary assessment of representativeness, we also measured eight casinos in Reno, NV. The average PM2.5 concentration for the smoking slot machine areas (63 μg/m3) was nine times as high as outdoors (7 μg/m3), whereas casino non-smoking restaurants (29 μg/m3) were four times as high. Levels in non-smoking slot machine areas varied: complete physical separation reduced concentrations almost to outdoor levels, but two other separation types had mean levels that were 13 and 29 μg/m3, respectively, higher than outdoors. Elevated PM2.5 concentrations in casinos can be attributed primarily to SHS. Average PM2.5 concentrations during 0.5–1 h visits to smoking areas exceeded 35 μg/m3 for 90% of the casino visits. PMID:20160761

Machismo: Manifestations of a cultural value in the Latin American casino.

PubMed

Thompson, W N

1991-06-01

Casino operations were observed in twelve Latin American countries. Owners, managers, employees, players, and government regulators in each of these countries were interviewed. The concept of machismo is described in its historical and cultural context. It is then used to illuminate casino operations and the mode of play in existence in these casinos.

31 CFR 103.55 - Exceptions, exemptions, and reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... casinos in §§ 103.22(a)(2) and 103.25(a)(2), and 103.36, grant exemptions to the casinos in any state.... (2) In order for a state regulatory system to qualify for an exemption on behalf of its casinos, the... the state; (iii) That any records required to be maintained by the casinos relevant to any matter...

Secondhand Smoke in Pennsylvania Casinos: A Study of Nonsmokers' Exposure, Dose, and Risk

PubMed Central

2009-01-01

Objectives. I assessed air pollution, ventilation, and nonsmokers' risk from secondhand smoke (SHS) in Pennsylvania casinos exempted from a statewide smoke-free workplace law. Methods. I measured respirable suspended particles (RSPs), particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PPAHs), and carbon dioxide inside and outside casinos; measured changes in patrons' urine cotinine after casino visits; and assessed SHS impact on workers and patrons, using exposure–response models, air quality standards, and odor and irritation thresholds. Results. PPAH and RSP concentrations in casinos were, on average, 4 and 6 times, respectively, that of outdoor levels despite generous ventilation and low smoking prevalence. SHS infiltrated into nonsmoking gaming areas. Patrons' urine cotinine increased 1.9 ng/mL on average after about 4-hour visits. Conclusions. SHS-induced heart disease and lung cancer will cause an estimated 6 Pennsylvania casino workers' deaths annually per 10 000 at risk, 5-fold the death rate from Pennsylvania mining disasters. Casinos should not be exempt from smoke-free workplace laws. PMID:19542036

31 CFR 1021.313 - Aggregation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.313 Aggregation. In the case of a casino, multiple currency...

31 CFR 1021.313 - Aggregation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.313 Aggregation. In the case of a casino, multiple currency...

31 CFR 1021.313 - Aggregation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.313 Aggregation. In the case of a casino, multiple currency...

31 CFR 1021.313 - Aggregation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.313 Aggregation. In the case of a casino, multiple currency...

Sexual Harassment in Casinos: Effects on Employee Attitudes and Behaviors.

PubMed

Stedham, Yvonne; Mitchell, Merwin C.

1998-01-01

This study focuses on sexual harassment and job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and employee turnover among casino employees. It is the first study investigating sexual harassment in the gaming industry. Based on sex-role spillover theory it was expected that sexual harassment has less of an impact on casino employees than on employees in other industries. Six Reno, Nevada casinos participated in the study and 330 responses were generated from casino employees. The study results show that sexual harassment of and by casino employees is perceived to occur at about the same rate as in other industries. Sexually harassed employees were compared to employees who indicated that they had not been sexually harassed. Sexually harassed employees were less satisfied with their jobs and less committed to the organization. However, they were not more likely to quit their jobs. Sexually harassed employees tended to be younger, Caucasian, and in dealer positions. Hence, in addition to the well-publicized cost of sexual harassment lawsuits, the study shows that sexual harassment in casinos may well be the source of hidden costs important to human resources managers. A result of major interest was that employees who had been harassed held management responsible for not ensuring a work environment that is free of sexual harassment. Implications for casino management are discussed.

Impact of a Casino Opening on Gambling Behaviors of People Engaged in Methadone Maintenance.

PubMed

Palmer-Bacon, Jessica; Miles-McLean, Haley; Welsh, Christopher; Rugle, Loreen; Medoff, Deborah; Potts, Wendy; Himelhoch, Seth

2017-06-01

This study examined gambling behavior in the context of a newly opening casino, comparing disordered gamblers to non-disordered gamblers, in a population of individuals involved in methadone maintenance treatment. Disordered gamblers (N = 50) and non-disordered gamblers (N = 50) were surveyed before and after the opening of a new casino on gambling behaviors, substance use, and psychological symptoms. No statistically significant changes in gambling behaviors were observed for disordered gamblers or non-disordered gamblers across time points; however, non-disordered gamblers demonstrated non-significant increases in horse and dog race betting, electronic games, and casino table games. As expected, disordered gamblers were found to spend significantly more money on electronic games and casino table games (p < 0.05) and demonstrated higher rates of drug use and impulsivity than non-disordered gamblers. The introduction of a new casino did not appear to have a major impact on gambling behaviors of individuals attending methadone maintenance treatment, though the non-significant increases in gambling among non-disordered gamblers may indicate that this population is preferentially impacted by the opening of a new casino. Future investigation into the longer term effects of opening a new casino on this population may be warranted.

A comparison of ambient casino sound and music: effects on dissociation and on perceptions of elapsed time while playing slot machines.

PubMed

Noseworthy, Theodore J; Finlay, Karen

2009-09-01

This research examined the effects of a casino's auditory character on estimates of elapsed time while gambling. More specifically, this study varied whether the sound heard while gambling was ambient casino sound alone or ambient casino sound accompanied by music. The tempo and volume of both the music and ambient sound were varied to manipulate temporal engagement and introspection. One hundred and sixty (males = 91) individuals played slot machines in groups of 5-8, after which they provided estimates of elapsed time. The findings showed that the typical ambient casino auditive environment, which characterizes the majority of gaming venues, promotes understated estimates of elapsed duration of play. In contrast, when music is introduced into the ambient casino environment, it appears to provide a cue of interval from which players can more accurately reconstruct elapsed duration of play. This is particularly the case when the tempo of the music is slow and the volume is high. Moreover, the confidence with which time estimates are held (as reflected by latency of response) is higher in an auditive environment with music than in an environment that is comprised of ambient casino sounds alone. Implications for casino management are discussed.

The money laundering control act and proposed amendments: Its impact on the casino industry.

PubMed

Mills, J

1991-12-01

In their efforts to track unreported income, Congress passed the Money Laundering Control Act in 1985. Because they are often involved in large cash transactions, casinos were required to report on cash transactions in amounts of $10,000 or more in much the same manner as banks and other financial institutions. However, because of the unique nature of cash and chip transactions within modern casinos, the Act, or state variants of it, have created significant compliance costs for casinos. This analysis examines the implications of the Act for the casino gaming industry, and evaluates some of the recent suggested Amendments to the Act.

Problem and pathological gambling in a sample of casino patrons.

PubMed

Fong, Timothy W; Campos, Michael D; Brecht, Mary-Lynn; Davis, Alice; Marco, Adrienne; Pecanha, Viviane; Rosenthal, Richard J

2011-03-01

Relatively few studies have examined gambling problems among individuals in a casino setting. The current study sought to examine the prevalence of gambling problems among a sample of casino patrons and examine alcohol and tobacco use, health status, and quality of life by gambling problem status. To these ends, 176 casino patrons were recruited by going to a Southern California casino and requesting that they complete an anonymous survey. Results indicated the following lifetime rates for at-risk, problem, and pathological gambling: 29.2, 10.7, and 29.8%. Differences were found with regards to gambling behavior, and results indicated higher rates of smoking among individuals with gambling problems, but not higher rates of alcohol use. Self-rated quality of life was lower among pathological gamblers relative to non-problem gamblers, but did not differ from at-risk or problem gamblers. Although subject to some limitations, our data support the notion of higher frequency of gambling problems among casino patrons and may suggest the need for increased interventions for gambling problems on-site at casinos.

31 CFR 1021.330 - Exceptions to the reporting requirements of 31 U.S.C. 5331.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...-gaming businesses (such as shops, restaurants, entertainment, and hotels) at casino hotels and resorts... customer in payment for accommodations provided to that customer at Casino B's hotel. Casino C receives $15...

How important is a casino to a community and how important is a community to a casino: an empirical basis for cooperative marketing between casinos and community tourism promotion agencies

Treesearch

Omar Moufakkir; Donald F. Holecek

2003-01-01

Cities, towns and communities have developed casinos for several reasons. The first of which is to: attract more tourists, remain competitive with other destinations and more fully utilize the existing tourism infrastructure; the second is to keep local money inside the local economy by giving residents the opportunity to gamble at home. Although several states have...

A Longitudinal Study: Casino Gambling Attitudes, Motivations, and Gambling Patterns Among Urban Elders

PubMed Central

Lichtenberg, Peter A.; Templin, Thomas N.

2013-01-01

Guided by self-determination theory, the main purpose of this study was to explore demographic characteristics, attitudes toward casinos, and self-reported intrinsic and extrinsic reasons for casino gambling by urban elders. The study hypothesized that individuals would more frequently report intrinsic motivations for casino gambling (e.g., entertainment, enjoyment) rather than extrinsic motivation (e.g., financial gain). This longitudinal sample included 247 urban elders older who were 60 years and older and who had participated in surveys in 2002 and 2004. The initial survey consisted of (a) demographic items, (b) five items to measure attitudes toward casino gambling, (c) questions inquiring about motivations for casino gambling, and (d) questions about gambling frequency. The follow-up survey was an expanded questionnaire which still included these items. The sample consisted of the 247 participants, over 200 of whom were African-Americans, 188 were female, and 98 of the participants had a post graduate education. About half were widowed, and the sample generally reported a low income. The results supported the theoretical perspective underlying the project. The hypothesis that more participants would endorse intrinsic motivations for casino gambling rather than extrinsic motivations was supported. The implications of these findings represent for social workers, gambling counselors and health care services providers an important step toward understanding the attitudes, behaviors, and motivational factors involved in casino gambling among older adults. PMID:20549548

A longitudinal study: casino gambling attitudes, motivations, and gambling patterns among urban elders.

PubMed

Martin, Fayetta; Lichtenberg, Peter A; Templin, Thomas N

2011-06-01

Guided by self-determination theory, the main purpose of this study was to explore demographic characteristics, attitudes toward casinos, and self-reported intrinsic and extrinsic reasons for casino gambling by urban elders. The study hypothesized that individuals would more frequently report intrinsic motivations for casino gambling (e.g., entertainment, enjoyment) rather than extrinsic motivation (e.g., financial gain). This longitudinal sample included 247 urban elders older who were 60 years and older and who had participated in surveys in 2002 and 2004. The initial survey consisted of (a) demographic items, (b) five items to measure attitudes toward casino gambling, (c) questions inquiring about motivations for casino gambling, and (d) questions about gambling frequency. The follow-up survey was an expanded questionnaire which still included these items. The sample consisted of the 247 participants, over 200 of whom were African-Americans, 188 were female, and 98 of the participants had a post graduate education. About half were widowed, and the sample generally reported a low income. The results supported the theoretical perspective underlying the project. The hypothesis that more participants would endorse intrinsic motivations for casino gambling rather than extrinsic motivations was supported. The implications of these findings represent for social workers, gambling counselors and health care services providers an important step toward understanding the attitudes, behaviors, and motivational factors involved in casino gambling among older adults.

Assessing the effect of Michigan's smoke-free law on air quality inside restaurants and casinos: a before-and-after observational study

PubMed Central

Shamo, Farid; Wilson, Teri; Kiley, Janet; Repace, James

2015-01-01

Objectives To assess the effect of Michigan's smoke-free air (SFA) law on the air quality inside selected restaurants and casinos. The hypothesis of the study: if the SFA law is effectively implemented in restaurants and casinos, there will be a significant reduction in the particulate matter PM2.5 measured in the same establishments after the law is implemented. Setting Prelaw and postlaw design study. Participants 78 restaurants in 14 Michigan cities from six major regions of the state, and three Detroit casinos. Methods We monitored the real-time PM2.5 in 78 restaurants and three Detroit casinos before the SFA law, and again monitored the same restaurants and casinos after implementation of the law, which was enacted on 1 May 2010. Primary and secondary outcome measures Concentration measurements of secondhand smoke (SHS) fine particles (PM2.5) were compared in each restaurant in the prelaw period to measurements of PM2.5 in the same restaurants during the postlaw period. A second comparison was made for PM2.5 levels in three Detroit casinos prelaw and postlaw; these casinos were exempted from the SFA law. Results Prelaw data indicated that 85% of the restaurants had poor to hazardous air quality, with the average venue having ‘unhealthy’ air according to Michigan's Air Quality Index for PM2.5. Postlaw, air quality in 93% of the restaurants improved to ‘good’. The differences were statistically significant (p<0.0001). By comparison, the three casinos measured had ‘unhealthy’ air both before and after the law. Conclusions The significant air quality improvement in the Michigan restaurants after implementation of the SFA law indicates that the law was very effective in reducing exposure to SHS. Since the Detroit casinos were exempted from the law, the air quality was unchanged, and remained unhealthy in both prelaw and postlaw periods. PMID:26185176

Association between Native American-owned casinos and the prevalence of large-for-gestational-age births.

PubMed

Jones-Smith, Jessica C; Dow, William H; Oddo, Vanessa M

2017-08-01

A small number of studies have used a natural experiment approach to examine the health impacts of increased economic resources stemming from Native American-owned casinos. We build on this work by examining whether casinos are associated with obesity-related health in utero. We examined whether casino openings or expansion (as proxy for increased economic resources) are associated with a decreased likelihood of infants being born large-for-gestational-age (LGA), an important risk factor for childhood overweight/obesity. We used repeated cross-sectional data from California birth records (1987-2011) to assess the prevalence of LGA births among Native Americans (n = 21 011). Using zip code fixed-effect regression models, we compared how prevalence of LGA births changed in association with casino openings or expansions, while controlling for secular trends through the inclusion of a comparison group of Native American newborns in zip codes that were eligible to open or expand casinos, but did not do so. In sensitivity analyses, we evaluated whether there was any change in small-for-gestational-age births (SGA). Average prevalence of LGA births over the period was 11%. Every one slot machine per capita increase was associated with a 0.13 percentage point decrease (95% confidence interval: -0.25, -0.01) in the prevalence of LGA births but was not associated with SGA prevalence. Casino expansion in California is associated with a lower prevalence of LGA births. Interpreted in combination with previous work showing that California casino expansions were associated with a lower body mass index (BMI) among schoolchildren, these results suggest that casinos are associated with improvement in a surrogate marker of excess adiposity. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which casinos might be associated with obesity-related health outcomes among Native Americans. © The Author 2017; all rights reserved. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association

Why do young adults gamble online? A qualitative study of motivations to transition from social casino games to online gambling.

PubMed

Kim, Hyoun S; Wohl, Michael J A; Gupta, Rina; Derevensky, Jeffrey L

2017-01-01

The present research examined the mechanisms of initiating online gambling among young adults. Of particular interest was whether social casino gaming was noted as part of young adults' experience with online gambling. This is because there is growing concern that social casino gaming may be a 'gateway' to online gambling. Three focus groups ( N  = 21) were conducted with young adult online gamblers from two large Canadian Universities. Participants noted the role of peer influence as well as incentives (e.g., sign up bonuses) as important factors that motivated them to start engaging in online gambling. Participants also noted a link between social casino games and online gambling. Specifically, several young adults reported migrating to online gambling within a relatively short period after engaging with social casino games. Potential mechanisms that may lead to the migration from social casino games to online gambling included the role of advertisements and the inflated pay out rates on these free to play gambling like games. The results suggest initiatives to prevent the development of disordered gambling should understand the potential of social casino gaming to act as a gateway to online gambling, especially amongst this vulnerable population.

Effect of the Smoke-Free Illinois Act on casino admissions and revenue.

PubMed

Tauras, John A; Chaloupka, Frank J; Moor, Gregg; Henderson, Patricia Nez; Leischow, Scott J

2018-01-19

As part of the Smoke-Free Illinois Act, smoking on the gambling floors of all commercial casinos in Illinois became prohibited. This study examined the effects of the Smoke-Free Illinois Act on casino admissions per-capita and real per-capita adjusted gross receipts using 18 years of data (10 years before and 8 years after the Illinois law went into effect). We employed a difference-in-difference regression technique using monthly data for the states of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa and Missouri and control for numerous determinants expected to affect casino admissions and revenue. The Smoke-free Illinois Act was found not to be a statistically significant determinant of per-capita casino admissions and of real per-capita gross adjusted receipts in all the models we estimated. The estimates from this study clearly indicated that the Illinois law that banned smoking in casinos has had no significant negative economic consequences for casinos in terms of per-capita admissions or revenues. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Games and gambling involvement among casino patrons.

PubMed

LaPlante, Debi A; Afifi, Tracie O; Shaffer, Howard J

2013-06-01

A growing literature is addressing the nature of the relationships among gambling activity, gambling involvement, and gambling-related problems. This research suggests that among the general population, compared to playing any specific game, gambling involvement is a better predictor of gambling-related problems. To date, researchers have not examined these relationships among casino patrons, a population that differs from the general population in a variety of important ways. A survey of 1160 casino patrons at two Las Vegas resort casinos allowed us to determine relationships between the games that patrons played during the 12 months before their casino visit, the games that patrons played during their casino visit, and patrons' self-perceived history of gambling-related problems. Results indicate that playing specific gambling games onsite predicted (i.e., statistically significant odds ratios ranging from .5 to 4.51) self-perceived gambling-related problems. However, after controlling for involvement, operationally defined as the number of games played during the current casino visit and self-reported gambling frequency during the past 12 months, the relationships between games and gambling-related problems disappeared or were attenuated (i.e., odds ratios no longer statistically significant). These results extend the burgeoning literature related to gambling involvement and its relationship to gambling-related problems.

31 CFR 1021.600 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.600 General. Casinos and card clubs are subject to the special standards of diligence; prohibitions; and special measures...

31 CFR 1021.600 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.600 General. Casinos and card clubs are subject to the special standards of diligence; prohibitions; and special measures...

31 CFR 1021.600 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.600 General. Casinos and card clubs are subject to the special standards of diligence; prohibitions; and special measures...

31 CFR 1021.600 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.600 General. Casinos and card clubs are subject to the special standards of diligence; prohibitions; and special measures...

The Lure of Casino Gambling and Its Potential Impact on College Students in Mississippi.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bailey, E. Ann; Burroughs, Susie W.; Dabit, Jean S.; Hambrick, Rosalind S.; Theriot, Patricia B.

1997-01-01

Investigates the lure and potential impact of casino gambling on college students in Mississippi. Findings suggest that casino gambling may significantly impact college students in regard to financial management, alcohol consumption, academic progress, and behavioral changes. (MKA)

A new approach to casino licensing problems in the United Kingdom.

PubMed

Kent-Lemon, N

1994-12-01

The British Gaming Act 1968 is generally considered to be one of the strongest pieces of legislation that regulates and oversees a casino industry within its jurisdiction. The casino gaming industry in Great Britain is held to a very high standard, with potential for significant penalties if either the spirit or the letter of the law is violated. Such penalties have been invoked more than once in the past. The recent case involving London Clubs, the largest casino company operating in London, led to events that may have changed the underlying relationship of the review process among the Gaming Board, the Police, and the Courts. This article examines the details of that case, and the implications for the British casino industry and regulatory structure.

31 CFR 1021.500 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Information Sharing Procedures To Deter Money Laundering and Terrorist Activity for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.500 General. Casinos and card clubs are subject to the special information sharing procedures to deter money laundering...

31 CFR 1021.500 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Information Sharing Procedures To Deter Money Laundering and Terrorist Activity for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.500 General. Casinos and card clubs are subject to the special information sharing procedures to deter money laundering...

31 CFR 1021.500 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Information Sharing Procedures To Deter Money Laundering and Terrorist Activity for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.500 General. Casinos and card clubs are subject to the special information sharing procedures to deter money laundering...

31 CFR 1021.500 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Information Sharing Procedures To Deter Money Laundering and Terrorist Activity for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.500 General. Casinos and card clubs are subject to the special information sharing procedures to deter money laundering...

Impact of Casino Gambling at Two Institutions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lester, David; And Others

1985-01-01

Describes the responses of Atlantic Community College and Richard Stockton State College to the advent of casino gambling in Atlantic City. Provides background information on the two colleges, their students, and their casino education programs, and presents study findings regarding student characteristics and attitudes. (DMM)

Disordered gambling among Chinese casino employees.

PubMed

Wu, Anise M S; Wong, Eva M W

2008-06-01

A previous study suggests that casino employees are at higher risk for disordered gambling than non-casino employees. The present study examined the cognitive correlates of the gambling involvement of Chinese casino employees. These potential cognitive correlates included attitudes toward the gaming industry and gambling activities, perceived job meaningfulness, and job stress. One hundred and nineteen Chinese respondents (M = 57; F = 62) working as dealers in Macao casinos were recruited through convenience sampling to fill out a questionnaire. The results revealed that about 7% of the respondents scored 10 or more on the South Oaks Gambling Screen and engaged in disordered gambling. Path analysis showed that attitude toward the gaming industry had a positive impact on job meaningfulness, which largely explained variances of job stress among casino employees. Job stress had a significant, but weak, direct impact on disordered gambling. Though causality between variables cannot be confirmed, this study provided insights into the impacts of cognitive factors on gambling involvement among Chinese front-line employees in the gaming industry. Implications of the findings were also discussed.

Differential Gambling Motivations and Recreational Activity Preferences Among Casino Gamblers.

PubMed

Lee, Choong-Ki; Bernhard, Bo Jason; Kim, Jungsun; Fong, Timothy; Lee, Tae Kyung

2015-12-01

This study investigated three different types of gamblers (recreational, problem, and pathological gamblers) to determine differences in gambling motivations and recreational activity preferences among casino gamblers. We collected data from 600 gamblers recruited in an actual gambling environment inside a major casino in South Korea. Findings indicate that motivational factors of escape, sightseeing, and winning were significantly different among these three types of gamblers. When looking at motivations to visit the casino, pathological gamblers were more likely to be motivated by winning, whereas recreational gamblers were more likely to be motivated by scenery and culture in the surrounding casino area. Meanwhile, the problem gamblers fell between these two groups, indicating higher preferences for non-gambling activities than the pathological gamblers. As this study builds upon a foundational previous study by Lee et al. (Psychiatry Investig 6(3):141-149, 2009), the results of this new study were compared with those of the previous study to see if new developments within a resort-style casino contribute to changes in motivations and recreational activity preferences.

31 CFR 1021.200 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Programs § 1021.200 General. Casinos and card clubs are subject to the program requirements set forth and cross referenced in this subpart. Casinos and card clubs should also refer to subpart B of part 1010 of this chapter for program...

31 CFR 1021.200 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Programs § 1021.200 General. Casinos and card clubs are subject to the program requirements set forth and cross referenced in this subpart. Casinos and card clubs should also refer to subpart B of part 1010 of this chapter for program...

31 CFR 1021.200 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Programs § 1021.200 General. Casinos and card clubs are subject to the program requirements set forth and cross referenced in this subpart. Casinos and card clubs should also refer to subpart B of part 1010 of this chapter for program...

31 CFR 1021.200 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Programs § 1021.200 General. Casinos and card clubs are subject to the program requirements set forth and cross referenced in this subpart. Casinos and card clubs should also refer to subpart B of part 1010 of this chapter for program...

76 FR 7230 - Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Mississippi Band of Choctaw Casino, Jackson...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-09

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Mississippi Band of Choctaw Casino, Jackson County, MS AGENCY: Bureau of Indian Affairs, Interior... of Choctaw Casino, Jackson County Mississippi. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kurt G. Chandler...

31 CFR 103.21 - Reports by casinos of suspicious transactions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... attention, such as ongoing money laundering schemes, the casino shall immediately notify by telephone an... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Reports by casinos of suspicious transactions. 103.21 Section 103.21 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance...

31 CFR 103.64 - Special rules for casinos.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... money laundering and terrorist financing risks posed by the products and services provided by the casino... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Special rules for casinos. 103.64 Section 103.64 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance FINANCIAL...

Happiness and job satisfaction in a casino-dominated economy.

PubMed

Zeng, Zhonglu; Forrest, David; McHale, Ian G

2013-09-01

Proposals for casinos usually focus on numbers of jobs without considering their quality. We surveyed 1,506 Macau residents, modelling happiness and job satisfaction. Being employed is shown to be important for 'happiness'. But job attributes also matter, confirming the work domain as influential on wellbeing. Casino employees report similar happiness as others. However, despite relatively high pay, they report low overall job satisfaction. The particular aspects of their jobs that they rated generally negatively tended to be those inherent in casino employment rather than easily modifiable by managerial action.

Attitudes towards second hand smoke amongst a highly exposed workforce: survey of London casino workers.

PubMed

Pilkington, P A; Gray, S; Gilmore, A B; Daykin, N

2006-06-01

To examine knowledge, attitudes and experiences of London casino workers regarding exposure to second hand smoke (SHS) in the workplace. Postal survey of 1568 London casino workers in 25 casinos who were members of the TGWU or GMB Trade Unions. Of the workers, 559 responded to the survey (36% response), 22% of whom were current smokers. Of the respondents, 71% report being nearly always exposed to heavy levels of SHS at work, and most (65%) want all working areas in their casino to be smoke-free. The majority (78%) are bothered by SHS at work, while 91% have wanted to move away from where they are working because of it. Fifty-seven per cent believe their health has suffered as a result of SHS. Of the workers who smoke at work, 59% believe that they would try to quit smoking if no one was allowed to smoke in the casino. The majority of responders are bothered by SHS, and many are concerned about the health impacts. Most want all working areas in their casino to be smoke-free. Despite difficulties in generalizing from this limited sample, these findings add weight to the argument that the legislation on smoking in public places in England should encompass all workplaces, without exemption.

Assessing the effect of Michigan's smoke-free law on air quality inside restaurants and casinos: a before-and-after observational study.

PubMed

Shamo, Farid; Wilson, Teri; Kiley, Janet; Repace, James

2015-07-16

To assess the effect of Michigan's smoke-free air (SFA) law on the air quality inside selected restaurants and casinos. The hypothesis of the study: if the SFA law is effectively implemented in restaurants and casinos, there will be a significant reduction in the particulate matter PM2.5 measured in the same establishments after the law is implemented. Prelaw and postlaw design study. 78 restaurants in 14 Michigan cities from six major regions of the state, and three Detroit casinos. We monitored the real-time PM2.5 in 78 restaurants and three Detroit casinos before the SFA law, and again monitored the same restaurants and casinos after implementation of the law, which was enacted on 1 May 2010. Concentration measurements of secondhand smoke (SHS) fine particles (PM2.5) were compared in each restaurant in the prelaw period to measurements of PM2.5 in the same restaurants during the postlaw period. A second comparison was made for PM2.5 levels in three Detroit casinos prelaw and postlaw; these casinos were exempted from the SFA law. Prelaw data indicated that 85% of the restaurants had poor to hazardous air quality, with the average venue having 'unhealthy' air according to Michigan's Air Quality Index for PM2.5. Postlaw, air quality in 93% of the restaurants improved to 'good'. The differences were statistically significant (p<0.0001). By comparison, the three casinos measured had 'unhealthy' air both before and after the law. The significant air quality improvement in the Michigan restaurants after implementation of the SFA law indicates that the law was very effective in reducing exposure to SHS. Since the Detroit casinos were exempted from the law, the air quality was unchanged, and remained unhealthy in both prelaw and postlaw periods. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.

78 FR 23135 - Safety Zone; Blue Water Resort & Casino West Coast Nationals; Parker, AZ

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-18

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Blue Water Resort & Casino West Coast Nationals; Parker, AZ AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS... Lake Moovalya region of the navigable waters of the Colorado River in Parker, Arizona for the Blue....). RPM Racing Enterprises is sponsoring the Blue Water Resort & Casino West Coast Nationals, which is...

The Impact of a Casino on Education and Crime.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Colton, Milo

1999-01-01

Discusses the impact of the Las Vegas-style casino opened by the Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska on crime and education. Since the opening of the casino in 1992, the Tribe significantly reduced unemployment, upgraded and modernized its entire education system, and reduced crime by 67% in one year. Contains 11 references. (VWC)

Identifying the Ethical Challenges Encountered by Information Technology Professionals Working within the Nevada Casino Industry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Essig, Michael R.

2014-01-01

A thematic analysis qualitative study was used to identify the unethical challenges encountered by Information Technology (IT) professionals working within the Nevada casino industry. Fourteen current and former IT leaders working or who worked in the Nevada casino industry were interviewed. Using thematic analysis, nine themes regarding ethical…

Does Kaniso activate CASINO?: input coding schemes and phonology in visual-word recognition.

PubMed

Acha, Joana; Perea, Manuel

2010-01-01

Most recent input coding schemes in visual-word recognition assume that letter position coding is orthographic rather than phonological in nature (e.g., SOLAR, open-bigram, SERIOL, and overlap). This assumption has been drawn - in part - by the fact that the transposed-letter effect (e.g., caniso activates CASINO) seems to be (mostly) insensitive to phonological manipulations (e.g., Perea & Carreiras, 2006, 2008; Perea & Pérez, 2009). However, one could argue that the lack of a phonological effect in prior research was due to the fact that the manipulation always occurred in internal letter positions - note that phonological effects tend to be stronger for the initial syllable (Carreiras, Ferrand, Grainger, & Perea, 2005). To reexamine this issue, we conducted a masked priming lexical decision experiment in which we compared the priming effect for transposed-letter pairs (e.g., caniso-CASINO vs. caviro-CASINO) and for pseudohomophone transposed-letter pairs (kaniso-CASINO vs. kaviro-CASINO). Results showed a transposed-letter priming effect for the correctly spelled pairs, but not for the pseudohomophone pairs. This is consistent with the view that letter position coding is (primarily) orthographic in nature.

Links between casino proximity and gambling participation, expenditure, and pathology.

PubMed

Sévigny, Serge; Ladouceur, Robert; Jacques, Christian; Cantinotti, Michael

2008-06-01

Two studies investigated the relationship between casino proximity and gambling participation, expenditure, and pathology. In Study 1, 8,842 participants were categorized into 1 of 4 driving distances from their home to the nearest casino in the province of Quebec: 0-100 km, 100.01-200 km, 200.01-300 km, or 300.01-981 km. In Study 2, 5,158 participants, who lived within a 100-km driving distance from the Montreal casino, were classified into 1 of 5 equidistant, 20-km driving distances. A survey company interviewed participants regarding their gambling habits. Results indicated a positive link between casino proximity and gambling participation (at the provincial and Montreal levels) and expenditure (at the provincial level only) but no link with the current prevalence rate of probable pathological gambling or of problem gambling. In a setting in which many types of gambling activities are available, casino proximity in itself does not appear to explain the rate of gambling-related problems. It is necessary to continue prospective research on exposure and adaptation theories as potential explanations for the development of pathological gambling. 2008 APA

Small proportions of actively-smoking patrons and high PM2.5 levels in southern California tribal casinos: support for smoking bans or designated smoking areas

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background Nearly all California casinos currently allow smoking, which leads to potentially high patron exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke pollutants. Some argue that smoking restrictions or bans would result in a business drop, assuming > 50% of patrons smoke. Evidence in Nevada and responses from the 2008 California tobacco survey refute this assertion. The present study investigates the proportion of active smokers in southern California tribal casinos, as well as occupancy and PM2.5 levels in smoking and nonsmoking sections. Methods We measured active-smoker and total-patron counts during Friday or Saturday night visits (two per casino) to smoking and nonsmoking gaming areas inside 11 southern California casinos. We counted slot machines and table games in each section, deriving theoretical maximum capacities and occupancy rates. We also measured PM2.5 concentrations (or used published levels) in both nonsmoking and smoking areas. Results Excluding one casino visit with extremely high occupancy, we counted 24,970 patrons during 21 casino visits of whom 1,737 were actively smoking, for an overall active- smoker proportion of 7.0% and a small range of ~5% across casino visits (minimum of 5% and maximum of 10%). The differences in mean inter-casino active-smoker proportions were not statistically significant. Derived occupancy rates were 24% to 215% in the main (low-stakes) smoking-allowed slot or table areas. No relationship was found between observed active-smoker proportions and occupancy rate. The derived maximum capacities of nonsmoking areas were 1% to 29% of the overall casino capacity (most under 10%) and their observed occupancies were 0.1 to over 3 times that of the main smoking-allowed casino areas. Seven of twelve visits to nonsmoking areas with no separation had occupancy rates greater than main smoking areas. Unenclosed nonsmoking areas don’t substantially protect occupants from PM2.5 exposure. Nonsmoking areas encapsulated inside smoking areas or in a separate, but unenclosed, area had PM2.5 levels that were 10 to 60 μg/m3 and 6 to 23 μg/m3 higher than outdoor levels, respectively, indicating contamination from smoking. Conclusions Although fewer than roughly 10% of casino patrons are actively smoking on average, these individuals substantially increase PM2.5 exposure for all patrons in smoking and unenclosed nonsmoking areas. Nonsmoking areas may be too inconvenient, small, or undesirable to serve a substantial number of nonsmoking patrons. Imposing indoor smoking bans, or contained smoking areas with a maximum capacity of up to 10% of the total patronage, would offer protection from PM2.5 exposures for nonsmoking patrons and reduce employee exposures. PMID:22998850

Small proportions of actively-smoking patrons and high PM2.5 levels in southern California tribal casinos: support for smoking bans or designated smoking areas.

PubMed

Klepeis, Neil E; Omoto, Jason; Ong, Seow Ling; Omoto, Harmeena Sahota; Dhaliwal, Narinder

2012-09-22

Nearly all California casinos currently allow smoking, which leads to potentially high patron exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke pollutants. Some argue that smoking restrictions or bans would result in a business drop, assuming > 50% of patrons smoke. Evidence in Nevada and responses from the 2008 California tobacco survey refute this assertion. The present study investigates the proportion of active smokers in southern California tribal casinos, as well as occupancy and PM(2.5) levels in smoking and nonsmoking sections. We measured active-smoker and total-patron counts during Friday or Saturday night visits (two per casino) to smoking and nonsmoking gaming areas inside 11 southern California casinos. We counted slot machines and table games in each section, deriving theoretical maximum capacities and occupancy rates. We also measured PM(2.5) concentrations (or used published levels) in both nonsmoking and smoking areas. Excluding one casino visit with extremely high occupancy, we counted 24,970 patrons during 21 casino visits of whom 1,737 were actively smoking, for an overall active- smoker proportion of 7.0% and a small range of ~5% across casino visits (minimum of 5% and maximum of 10%). The differences in mean inter-casino active-smoker proportions were not statistically significant. Derived occupancy rates were 24% to 215% in the main (low-stakes) smoking-allowed slot or table areas. No relationship was found between observed active-smoker proportions and occupancy rate. The derived maximum capacities of nonsmoking areas were 1% to 29% of the overall casino capacity (most under 10%) and their observed occupancies were 0.1 to over 3 times that of the main smoking-allowed casino areas. Seven of twelve visits to nonsmoking areas with no separation had occupancy rates greater than main smoking areas. Unenclosed nonsmoking areas don't substantially protect occupants from PM2.5 exposure. Nonsmoking areas encapsulated inside smoking areas or in a separate, but unenclosed, area had PM(2.5) levels that were 10 to 60 μg/m(3) and 6 to 23 μg/m(3) higher than outdoor levels, respectively, indicating contamination from smoking. Although fewer than roughly 10% of casino patrons are actively smoking on average, these individuals substantially increase PM(2.5) exposure for all patrons in smoking and unenclosed nonsmoking areas. Nonsmoking areas may be too inconvenient, small, or undesirable to serve a substantial number of nonsmoking patrons. Imposing indoor smoking bans, or contained smoking areas with a maximum capacity of up to 10% of the total patronage, would offer protection from PM2.5 exposures for nonsmoking patrons and reduce employee exposures.

A prospective study of the impact of opening a casino on gambling behaviours: 2- and 4-year follow-ups.

PubMed

Jacques, Christian; Ladouceur, Robert

2006-10-01

It is widely believed that the rate of pathological gambling is related to the accessibility and availability of gambling activities. Few empirical studies have yet been conducted to evaluate this hypothesis. Using a longitudinal prospective design, the current study evaluates the impact of a casino in Canada's Hull, Quebec region. A random sample of respondents from Hull (experimental group) and from Quebec City (comparison group) completed the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) and gambling- related questions before the opening of the Hull Casino (pretest), 1 year after the opening (posttest), and on follow-up at Years 2 and 4. Although, 1 year after the opening of the casino, we did observe an increase in playing casino games and in the maximum amount of money lost in 1 day's gambling, this trend was not maintained over time (2- and 4-year follow-ups). In the Hull cohort, the rate of at-risk and probable pathological gamblers and the number of criteria on the SOGS did not increase at the 2- and 4-year follow-ups. The residents' reluctance to open a local casino was generally stable over time following the casino's opening. The discussion raises different explanatory factors and focuses on the context of the Regional Exposure Model as a potentially more applicable measure of studying the expansion of gambling.

31 CFR 1021.520 - Special information sharing procedures to deter money laundering and terrorist activity for...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... to deter money laundering and terrorist activity for casinos and card clubs. 1021.520 Section 1021... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Information Sharing Procedures To Deter Money Laundering and Terrorist Activity for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.520 Special...

31 CFR 1021.520 - Special information sharing procedures to deter money laundering and terrorist activity for...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... to deter money laundering and terrorist activity for casinos and card clubs. 1021.520 Section 1021... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Information Sharing Procedures To Deter Money Laundering and Terrorist Activity for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.520 Special...

31 CFR 1021.520 - Special information sharing procedures to deter money laundering and terrorist activity for...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... to deter money laundering and terrorist activity for casinos and card clubs. 1021.520 Section 1021... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Information Sharing Procedures To Deter Money Laundering and Terrorist Activity for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.520 Special...

31 CFR 1021.520 - Special information sharing procedures to deter money laundering and terrorist activity for...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... to deter money laundering and terrorist activity for casinos and card clubs. 1021.520 Section 1021... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Information Sharing Procedures To Deter Money Laundering and Terrorist Activity for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.520 Special...

77 FR 24976 - Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Spokane Tribe of Indians West Plains Casino...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-26

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Spokane Tribe of Indians West Plains Casino and Mixed Use Project, City of Airway Heights, Spokane... Impact Statement (DEIS) for the Spokane Tribe of Indians West Plains casino and mixed use project, City...

77 FR 70461 - Jackson Rancheria-Tribal Council Ordinance No. 2012-01-Sale, Consumption & Possession of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-26

... members. 4. The Tribe is the owner and operator of the Jackson Rancheria Casino & Hotel which includes an... at the Jackson Rancheria Casino & Hotel (including its outdoor entertainment area) for on-premises... Jackson Rancheria Casino & Hotel and its outdoor entertainment area. 2. The sale of alcohol at the Tribe's...

Betting on Their Future: Reservation Casinos Offer Hope for Tribal Members and Challenges for Their Leaders.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coates, Karen

1993-01-01

Discusses the effects of the recent proliferation of casinos on Native American reservations. Suggests that supporters feel that the economic prosperity and availability of jobs associated with the casinos are crucial for providing for the needs of the reservation's residents, whereas opponents fear an increase in serious gambling addictions. (MAB)

78 FR 4164 - Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Point Molate Resort and Casino for the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-18

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Point Molate Resort and Casino for the Guidiville Band of the Pomo Indians, Contra Costa County... Impact Statement (EIS) for the BIA Federal action of approving the fee-to- trust transfer and casino...

Facing a "New" Challenge: Chief Student Affairs Officers' Responses to Casino Gambling in Mississippi.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bailey, E. Ann; Dickens, Cynthia S.

1997-01-01

Reports on a qualitative study examining chief student affairs officers' (CSAOs) (N=30) perceptions of the impact of legalized casino gambling on student life, service delivery, and student affairs. Results indicate that CSAOs detected few changes in student behavior. Campuses close to casinos reported more dropouts and increases in student debt.…

Advertising the "New Fun-Tier": Selling Casinos to Consumers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McMullan, John L.; Miller, Delthia

2010-01-01

There is an absence of research on the commercial advertising of gambling as it relates to casinos. This study examines print, radio, television and point of sale casino ads that aired in Canada. Using quantitative and qualitative methods we analyze a convenience sample of 367 ads that aired or were printed in 2005 and 2006. Our findings indicate…

Association between casino opening or expansion and risk of childhood overweight and obesity.

PubMed

Jones-Smith, Jessica C; Dow, William H; Chichlowska, Kristal

2014-03-05

Economic resources have been inversely associated with risk of childhood overweight/obesity. Few studies have evaluated whether this association is a direct effect of economic resources or is attributable to unmeasured confounding or reverse causation. American Indian-owned casinos have resulted in increased economic resources for some tribes and provide an opportunity to test whether these resources are associated with overweight/obesity. To assess whether openings or expansions of American Indian-owned casinos were associated with childhood overweight/obesity risk. We used repeated cross-sectional anthropometric measurements from fitness testing of American Indian children (aged 7-18 years) from 117 school districts that encompassed tribal lands in California between 2001 and 2012. Children in school districts encompassing American Indian tribal lands that either gained or expanded a casino were compared with children in districts with tribal lands that did not gain or expand a casino. Per capita annual income, median annual household income, percentage of population in poverty, total population, child overweight/obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥85th age- and sex-specific percentile) and BMI z score. Of the 117 school districts, 57 gained or expanded a casino, 24 had a preexisting casino but did not expand, and 36 never had a casino. The mean slots per capita was 7 (SD, 12) and the median was 3 (interquartile range [IQR], 0.3-8). Among districts where a casino opened or expanded, the mean change in slots per capita was 13 (SD, 19) and the median was 3 (IQR, 1-11). Forty-eight percent of the anthropometric measurements were classified as overweight/obese (11,048/22,863). Every casino slot machine per capita gained was associated with an increase in per capita annual income (β = $541; 95% CI, $245-$836) and a decrease in percentage in poverty (β = -0.6%; 95% CI, -1.1% to -0.20%) among American Indians living on tribal lands. Among American Indian children, every slot machine per capita gained was associated with a decreased probability of overweight/obesity by 0.19 percentage points (95% CI, -0.26 to -0.11 percentage points) and a decrease in BMI z score (β = -0.003; 95% CI, -0.005 to -0.0002). In this study, opening or expanding a casino was associated with increased economic resources and decreased risk of childhood overweight/obesity. Given the limitations of an ecological study, further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms behind this association.

Association between casino opening or expansion and risk of childhood overweight and obesity

PubMed Central

Jones-Smith, Jessica C; Dow, William H.; Chichlowska, Kristal

2014-01-01

Importance Economic resources have been inversely associated with risk of childhood overweight/obesity. Few studies have evaluated whether this association is a direct effect of economic resources or is attributable to unmeasured confounding or reverse causation. American-Indian-owned casinos have resulted in increased economic resources for some tribes and provide an opportunity to test whether these resources are associated with overweight/obesity. Objective To assess whether openings or expansions of American Indian-owned casinos were associated with childhood overweight/obesity risk. Design, Setting, and Participants We used repeated cross-sectional anthropometric measurements from fitness testing of American Indian children (ages 7–18) from school districts that encompassed tribal lands in California between 2001 and 2012. Children in school districts encompassing American Indian tribal lands that either gained or expanded a casino were compared with children in districts with tribal lands that did not gain or expand a casino. Main Outcome and Measures Per capita annual income, median annual household income, percent of the population in poverty, total population, child overweight/obesity (body mass index ≥85th age- and sex-specific percentile) and body mass index z-score (BMI z score). Results Of the 117 school districts, 57 gained or expanded a casino, 24 had a pre-existing casino but did not expand, and 36 never had a casino. Mean (SD) and median (IQR) levels of slots per capita were 7 (12) and 3 (0.3, 8). Among districts where a casino opened or expanded, mean (SD) and median (IQR) change in slots per capita were 13 (19) and 3 (1, 11).Forty-eight percent of the anthropometric measurements were classified as overweight/obese (11,048 of 22,863). Every casino slot machine per capita gained was associated with an increase in per capita annual income (β= $541 (95% CI: $245, $836) and a decrease in percent in poverty (β=−0.6% (95% CI: −1.1%, −0.20%) among American Indians living on tribal lands. Among American Indian children, every slot machine per capita gained was associated with a decreased probability of overweight/obesity by 0.19 percentage points (β= (95% CI: −0.26, −0.11)) and a decrease in BMI z score (β=−0.003 (95% CI: −0.005, −0.0002)). Conclusions and Relevance Opening or expanding a casino was associated with increased economic resources and decreased risk for childhood overweight/obesity. Given the limitations of an ecological study, further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms behind this association. PMID:24595777

75 FR 1407 - Tribal Consultation on Proposed Revisions to 25 CFR Parts 81 & 82

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-11

... the date of January 14, 2010 for the meeting scheduled at the Pala Casino Resort and Spa in Pala... Pala Casino Resort and Spa in Pala, California. This notice changes the date to February 2, 2010, and.... * * * Pala Casino Resort and Spa, 11154 Hwy. 76, Pala, California 92059; Telephone: (877) 946-7252'' to read...

33 CFR 165.T05-0495 - Safety Zone, Sugar House Casino Fireworks Display, Delaware River; Philadelphia, PA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Safety Zone, Sugar House Casino Fireworks Display, Delaware River; Philadelphia, PA. 165.T05-0495 Section 165.T05-0495 Navigation and... Areas Fifth Coast Guard District § 165.T05-0495 Safety Zone, Sugar House Casino Fireworks Display...

77 FR 38821 - Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin's Proposed Fee...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-29

... Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin's Proposed Fee-to-Trust Transfer and Casino-Hotel Project in the City of... casino-hotel complex. This notice also announces the FEIS is now available for public review. Hard copies... develop a casino-hotel complex. The proposed project is located at the site of the existing Dairyland...

Casino taxation in macao: an economic perspective.

PubMed

Gu, Xinhua; Tam, Pui Sun

2011-12-01

Macao's gaming industry has experienced dramatic growth for 8 years, yet with certain social costs due to compulsive gambling. The government has come under pressure for tax cuts even though its gaming receipts are falling relatively to the casino retained revenue. The request for tax relief is triggered by a recent decline in net profit despite fast growing gross gaming revenue under favorable market conditions. This is very likely caused by a substantial hike in casino operating costs due to increased competition and might also signal the presence of the principal-agent problem. Given the regressivity of gaming tax with respect to net profit, it is no surprise that casinos with lower profitability are more prone to seek tax cuts. The source of Macao gaming profit hinges on three distinct factors: rising demand from China, monopoly location for casinos, and market structure of oligopoly. These factors provide economic justifications for the current tax regime of Macao with a strong ability to pass tax burdens on to massive visitors. The government relies on casino tax revenue to deal with gambling related problems and promote local diversified development. Pushing for tax variability may create policy instability, business uncertainty, and unpredictable prosperity in the long term.

Frequency of gambling problems among parents of pathological, versus nonpathological, casino gamblers using slot machines.

PubMed

Versini, Audrey; LeGauffre, Cindy; Romo, Lucia; Adès, Jean; Gorwood, Philip

2012-01-01

Familial and twin studies suggest the implication of a genetic factor in pathological gambling, but mainly assess probands through treatment settings or advertisements. The question raised here is: are parents of casino pathological gamblers using slot machines more affected with pathological gambling than nonpathological gamblers, all interviewed on site at the same casino? Three hundred and fifty-five casino gamblers on slot machines, which included 96 pathological gamblers, 116 problem gamblers, and 143 nonproblem gamblers, were recruited in situ at the largest casino in the Paris suburbs. We evaluated pathological gambling and two addictive disorders (alcohol dependence and tobacco consumption) in the gamblers and their 690 parents (through the proband). Familial aggregation of pathological gambling was confirmed, with a risk of 3.3 for being a pathological gambler when at least one of the parents has problematic gambling. No familial co-aggregation of pathological gambling with alcohol or tobacco dependence was observed. Pathological gambling is found in excess in the parents of pathological casino gamblers, in accordance with previous aggregation studies devoted to other types of gambling, and with studies recruiting gamblers in different settings.  Copyright © American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry.

Extremely frequent behavior in consumer research: theory and empirical evidence for chronic casino gambling.

PubMed

Perfetto, Ralph; Woodside, Arch G

2009-09-01

The present study informs understanding of customer segmentation strategies by extending Twedt's heavy-half propositions to include a segment of users that represent less than 2% of all households-consumers demonstrating extremely frequent behavior (EFB). Extremely frequent behavior (EFB) theory provides testable propositions relating to the observation that few (2%) consumers in many product and service categories constitute more than 25% of the frequency of product or service use. Using casino gambling as an example for testing EFB theory, an analysis of national survey data shows that extremely frequent casino gamblers do exist and that less than 2% of all casino gamblers are responsible for nearly 25% of all casino gambling usage. Approximately 14% of extremely frequent casino users have very low-household income, suggesting somewhat paradoxical consumption patterns (where do very low-income users find the money to gamble so frequently?). Understanding the differences light, heavy, and extreme users and non-users can help marketers and policymakers identify and exploit "blue ocean" opportunities (Kim and Mauborgne, Blue ocean strategy, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, 2005), for example, creating effective strategies to convert extreme users into non-users or non-users into new users.

Government regulation of gambling advertising: Replacing vice prevention with consumer protection.

PubMed

Rothman, M; Robbins, H

1991-12-01

From 1895 to 1975, federal law forbade gambling advertising by use of the mail, interstate commerce, and the broadcast media. Congress exempted state lotteries in 1975 and charitable gambling (including casino games) in 1988. However, the Supreme Court requires a significant government interest, directly applied and narrowly tailored, in order to justify a commercial speech regulation. The exemptions for private charity casino games has arguably destroyed any constitutionally defensible government interest in restricting for-profit casinos. Casinos in new gambling jurisdictions (such as Iowa or Illinois) will probably push the hardest for an exemption for all legal gambling, as they have the most to gain from the freedom to advertise. Federal regulation of gambling advertising will fall to the Federal Trade Commission under prohibitions against "unfair or deceptive" trade practices. But as State regulations are not well developed even in states that permit casino gambling, there is a pressing need for new research to review state laws regulating gambling advertising and to propose a model statute.

Diffusion of an economic development policy innovation: explaining the international spread of casino gambling.

PubMed

Richard, Brian

2010-06-01

This study uses an event history analysis to examine the factors that lead to the adoption of casino gambling among 13 nations around the world. Specifically, measures of fiscal stress, economic development, tourism, religiosity, and income levels are tested for their relationship to national decisions to legalize casino gambling. This study found that economic development needs, as measured by general unemployment rates, were associated with the casino legalization decisions of national governments. Higher unemployment rates were more likely in the years that nations legalized casino gambling. Religiosity, measured by frequency of church attendance, was also found to be a significant barrier in legalization decisions. Measures of fiscal stress, tourism, and income levels were not found to have significant relationships with the legalization decisions. This is interesting because these factors are often cited in case studies, media reports, and the statements of politicians during legalization processes. This study points to the need for further research in several areas. Further exploration of potential explanatory variables and more appropriate measures of currently theorized factors is warranted. Another area for further research is the seeming contradictory findings of multiple statistical analyses and multiple anecdotal findings of the impacts of fiscal stress on the casino legalization decision.

Setting Win Limits: An Alternative Approach to "Responsible Gambling"?

PubMed

Walker, Douglas M; Litvin, Stephen W; Sobel, Russell S; St-Pierre, Renée A

2015-09-01

Social scientists, governments, and the casino industry have all emphasized the need for casino patrons to "gamble responsibly." Strategies for responsible gambling include self-imposed time limits and loss limits on gambling. Such strategies help prevent people from losing more than they can afford and may help prevent excessive gambling behavior. Yet, loss limits also make it more likely that casino patrons leave when they are losing. Oddly, the literature makes no mention of "win limits" as a potential approach to responsible gambling. A win limit would be similar to a loss limit, except the gambler would leave the casino upon reaching a pre-set level of winnings. We anticipate that a self-imposed win limit will reduce the gambler's average loss and, by default, also reduce the casino's profit. We test the effect of a self-imposed win limit by running slot machine simulations in which the treatment group of players has self-imposed and self-enforced win and loss limits, while the control group has a self-imposed loss limit or no limit. We find that the results conform to our expectations: the win limit results in improved player performance and reduced casino profits. Additional research is needed, however, to determine whether win limits could be a useful component of a responsible gambling strategy.

Health impacts of exposure to second hand smoke (SHS) amongst a highly exposed workforce: survey of London casino workers

PubMed Central

Pilkington, Paul A; Gray, Selena; Gilmore, Anna B

2007-01-01

Background Casino workers are exposed to high levels of secondhand smoke (SHS) at work, yet remain at risk of being excluded from smoke-free legislation around the world. If the prime motivation for smoke-free legislation is the protection of workers, then a workforce experiencing ill-health associated with SHS exposure should not be excluded from legislation. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of respiratory and sensory irritation symptoms among a sample of casino workers, to identify any association between the reporting of symptoms and exposure to SHS at work, and to compare the prevalence of symptoms with that in other workers exposed to SHS. Methods A postal questionnaire survey of 1568 casino workers in London. Using multivariate analysis we identified predictors of respiratory and sensory irritation symptoms. Results 559 workers responded to the questionnaire (response of 36%). 91% of casino workers reported the presence of one or more sensory irritation symptoms in the previous four weeks, while the figure was 84% for respiratory symptoms. The presence of one or more sensory irritation symptoms was most strongly associated with reporting the highest exposure to SHS at work (OR 3.26; 1.72, 6.16). This was also true for reporting the presence of one or more respiratory irritation symptoms (OR 2.24; 1.34, 3.74). Prevalence of irritation symptoms in the casino workers was in general appreciably higher than that reported in studies of bar workers. Conclusion Our research supports the need for comprehensive smoke-free legislation around the world, covering all indoor workplaces including casinos. PMID:17888155

Health impacts of exposure to second hand smoke (SHS) amongst a highly exposed workforce: survey of London casino workers.

PubMed

Pilkington, Paul A; Gray, Selena; Gilmore, Anna B

2007-09-21

Casino workers are exposed to high levels of secondhand smoke (SHS) at work, yet remain at risk of being excluded from smoke-free legislation around the world. If the prime motivation for smoke-free legislation is the protection of workers, then a workforce experiencing ill-health associated with SHS exposure should not be excluded from legislation. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of respiratory and sensory irritation symptoms among a sample of casino workers, to identify any association between the reporting of symptoms and exposure to SHS at work, and to compare the prevalence of symptoms with that in other workers exposed to SHS. A postal questionnaire survey of 1568 casino workers in London. Using multivariate analysis we identified predictors of respiratory and sensory irritation symptoms. 559 workers responded to the questionnaire (response of 36%). 91% of casino workers reported the presence of one or more sensory irritation symptoms in the previous four weeks, while the figure was 84% for respiratory symptoms. The presence of one or more sensory irritation symptoms was most strongly associated with reporting the highest exposure to SHS at work (OR 3.26; 1.72, 6.16). This was also true for reporting the presence of one or more respiratory irritation symptoms (OR 2.24; 1.34, 3.74). Prevalence of irritation symptoms in the casino workers was in general appreciably higher than that reported in studies of bar workers. Our research supports the need for comprehensive smoke-free legislation around the world, covering all indoor workplaces including casinos.

Latent Class Analysis of Gambling Activities in a Sample of Young Swiss Men: Association with Gambling Problems, Substance Use Outcomes, Personality Traits and Coping Strategies.

PubMed

Studer, Joseph; Baggio, Stéphanie; Mohler-Kuo, Meichun; Simon, Olivier; Daeppen, Jean-Bernard; Gmel, Gerhard

2016-06-01

The study aimed to identify different patterns of gambling activities (PGAs) and to investigate how PGAs differed in gambling problems, substance use outcomes, personality traits and coping strategies. A representative sample of 4989 young Swiss males completed a questionnaire assessing seven distinct gambling activities, gambling problems, substance use outcomes, personality traits and coping strategies. PGAs were identified using latent class analysis (LCA). Differences between PGAs in gambling and substance use outcomes, personality traits and coping strategies were tested. LCA identified six different PGAs. With regard to gambling and substance use outcomes, the three most problematic PGAs were extensive gamblers, followed by private gamblers, and electronic lottery and casino gamblers, respectively. By contrast, the three least detrimental PGAs were rare or non-gamblers, lottery only gamblers and casino gamblers. With regard to personality traits, compared with rare or non-gamblers, private and casino gamblers reported higher levels of sensation seeking. Electronic lottery and casino gamblers, private gamblers and extensive gamblers had higher levels of aggression-hostility. Extensive and casino gamblers reported higher levels of sociability, whereas casino gamblers reported lower levels of anxiety-neuroticism. Extensive gamblers used more maladaptive and less adaptive coping strategies than other groups. Results suggest that gambling is not a homogeneous activity since different types of gamblers exist according to the PGA they are engaged in. Extensive gamblers, electronic and casino gamblers and private gamblers may have the most problematic PGAs. Personality traits and coping skills may predispose individuals to PGAs associated with more or less negative outcomes.

The correlations of work conditions with unhealthy lifestyles and occupational health problems of casino croupiers in Macau.

PubMed

Hu, Sydney X; Luk, Andrew; Leong, Carmen; U, Cecilia; Van, Florence

2013-06-01

The Macau economy and employment of residents rely heavily on the gaming industry. It is important that the working conditions in casinos are not harmful to the health of the casino employees. This study examines the correlations between work conditions, unhealthy lifestyles and occupational health problems amongst casino croupiers in Macau. Its findings will provide casino managers and policy makers with evidence and awareness of the workplace health risks for the casino workers. The data were gathered by a questionnaire survey of 1,042 croupiers, which represents roughly 5 % of the croupier population in Macau. Work conditions were measured by worker satisfaction towards the biological, chemical and physical elements in their work environments. Unhealthy lifestyles were measured by practices of excessive drinking, smoking, electronic game playing and addictive substance use as well as gambling. Occupational health problems were measured by experiences of work related illnesses or symptoms. Results showed that high percentages of respondents were dissatisfied with the work conditions. On average each croupier experienced 10 work related health problems in the past 7 days. Over 5 % of the respondents drank more than three glasses of alcohol a day, 24 % smoked cigarettes, 12 % took addictive substances, 14 % gambled in the past 7 days. The analysis showed that dissatisfaction with work conditions did not correlate with unhealthy lifestyles but were strongly and significantly correlated with stress-related occupational health problems (R = 0.377-0.479, P < 0.001) and other occupational health problems (R = 0.348-0.461, P < 0.001). Casino workers in Macau experience a variety of problems associated with their work conditions that can be hazardous to their health. The working conditions in casinos need to be regularly monitored and improvements such as occupational health training and enhanced health related policies can be introduced.

A trade based view on casino taxation: market conditions.

PubMed

Li, Guoqiang; Gu, Xinhua; Wu, Jie

2015-06-01

This article presents a trade based theory of casino taxation along with empirical evidence found from Macao as a typical tourism resort. We prove that there is a unique optimum gaming tax in a particular market for casino gambling, argue that any change in this tax is engendered by external demand shifts, and suggest that the economic rent from gambling legalization should be shared through such optimal tax between the public and private sectors. Our work also studies the tradeoff between economic benefits and social costs arising from casino tourism, and provides some policy recommendations for the sustainable development of gaming-led economies. The theoretical arguments in this article turn out to be consistent with empirical observations on Macao realities over the recent decade.

31 CFR 1021.640 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.640 [Reserved] ...

31 CFR 1021.640 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.640 [Reserved] ...

31 CFR 1021.640 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.640 [Reserved] ...

31 CFR 1021.640 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.640 [Reserved] ...

The Role of Auditory Features Within Slot-Themed Social Casino Games and Online Slot Machine Games.

PubMed

Bramley, Stephanie; Gainsbury, Sally M

2015-12-01

Over the last few years playing social casino games has become a popular entertainment activity. Social casino games are offered via social media platforms and mobile apps and resemble gambling activities. However, social casino games are not classified as gambling as they can be played for free, outcomes may not be determined by chance, and players receive no monetary payouts. Social casino games appear to be somewhat similar to online gambling activities in terms of their visual and auditory features, but to date little research has investigated the cross over between these games. This study examines the auditory features of slot-themed social casino games and online slot machine games using a case study design. An example of each game type was played on three separate occasions during which, the auditory features (i.e., music, speech, sound effects, and the absence of sound) within the games were logged. The online slot-themed game was played in demo mode. This is the first study to provide a qualitative account of the role of auditory features within a slot-themed social casino game and an online slot machine game. Our results found many similarities between how sound is utilised within the two games. Therefore the sounds within these games may serve functions including: setting the scene for gaming, creating an image, demarcating space, interacting with visual features, prompting players to act, communicating achievements to players, providing reinforcement, heightening player emotions and the gaming experience. As a result this may reduce the ability of players to make a clear distinction between these two activities, which may facilitate migration between games.

Identifying Sustainable Design Opportunities in Tribal Hotels and Casinos: Mescalero Inn of the Mountain Gods Hotel and Casino

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fuller, Diana; Martino, Anthony; Begay, Sandra K.

The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, passed by Congress on October 17, 1988 provided tribes with the Federal statute to pursue gaming activities on tribal lands. Many Native communities contribute to larger regional economies and tourism industries. These casino facilities often include resort-style hotel amenities. Not surprisingly, they are also large consumers of energy, operating 24 hours a day and 7 days a week. Tribes with hotels and casinos can implement sustainable design features and not only receive economic gain, but also environmental and community benefits. The intention of this paper is to identify sustainable design opportunities at the Inn ofmore » the Mountain Gods Hotel and Casino. This research stems from previous work the researcher conducted and subsequently published for the Illinois Green Business Association. First, the paper reviews what sustainable design is and points of interest when considering sustainable construction. Next, the paper explores the precedents set by the Blue Lake Rancheria, Rincon Band of Luiseno Indians, and the Forest County Potawatomi Tribe. Then, the research examines areas to collect baseline information and identify opportunities in sustainable design for the Mescalero Apache Tribe, Inn of the Mountain Gods Hotel and Casino located in New Mexico. Lastly, the work explores the resources and funding options available to the tribe.« less

Identifying indicators of harmful and problem gambling in a Canadian sample through receiver operating characteristic analysis.

PubMed

Quilty, Lena C; Avila Murati, Daniela; Bagby, R Michael

2014-03-01

Many gamblers would prefer to reduce gambling on their own rather than to adopt an abstinence approach within the context of a gambling treatment program. Yet responsible gambling guidelines lack quantifiable markers to guide gamblers in wagering safely. To address these issues, the current investigation implemented receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to identify behavioral indicators of harmful and problem gambling. Gambling involvement was assessed in 503 participants (275 psychiatric outpatients and 228 community gamblers) with the Canadian Problem Gambling Index. Overall gambling frequency, duration, and expenditure were able to distinguish harmful and problematic gambling at a moderate level. Indicators of harmful gambling were generated for engagement in specific gambling activities: frequency of tickets and casino; duration of bingo, casino, and investments; and expenditures on bingo, casino, sports betting, games of skill, and investments. Indicators of problem gambling were similarly produced for frequency of tickets and casino, and expenditures on bingo, casino, games of skill, and investments. Logistic regression analyses revealed that overall gambling frequency uniquely predicted the presence of harmful and problem gambling. Furthermore, frequency indicators for tickets and casino uniquely predicted the presence of both harmful and problem gambling. Together, these findings contribute to the development of an empirically based method enabling the minimization of harmful or problem gambling through self-control rather than abstinence.

Casino Gaming Occupations: A Jackpot for Jobseekers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tate, Patricia

2001-01-01

Focuses on gaming occupations in casinos, describing their duties, qualifications, training, and earnings. Also provides information about employment and outlook, benefits and drawbacks, and sources of additional information. (JOW)

31 CFR 1021.530 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Information Sharing Procedures To Deter Money Laundering and Terrorist Activity for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.530 [Reserved] ...

31 CFR 1021.530 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Information Sharing Procedures To Deter Money Laundering and Terrorist Activity for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.530 [Reserved] ...

31 CFR 1021.530 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Information Sharing Procedures To Deter Money Laundering and Terrorist Activity for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.530 [Reserved] ...

31 CFR 1021.530 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Information Sharing Procedures To Deter Money Laundering and Terrorist Activity for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.530 [Reserved] ...

Cancer and Tobacco Use

MedlinePlus

... all indoor public places and worksites, including all restaurants, bars, and casinos. Top of Page Tobacco use ... all indoor public places and worksites, including all restaurants, bars, and casinos. Healthcare providers can Ask all ...

Impacts of casinos on key pathways to health: qualitative findings from American Indian gaming communities in California.

PubMed

Kodish, Stephen R; Gittelsohn, Joel; Oddo, Vanessa M; Jones-Smith, Jessica C

2016-07-22

Three decades ago, casino gaming on sovereign American Indian lands was legalized with differential economic and social implications. While casinos have improved the incomes of tribal communities, there have been both positive and negative findings in relation to health impacts. We sought to understand the perceived pathways by which casinos impact individual and community health through voices of the community. We conducted semi-structured, interviews with tribal leaders (n =12) and tribal members (n =24) from tribal communities (n = 23) representing different regions of California. We inductively analyzed textual data drawing from Grounded Theory, first using line-by-line coding to identify analytic categories from emergent themes in consideration of the study objective. Then, focused codes were applied to identify salient themes, which we represented through exemplar quotes and an overall conceptual framework. Data were managed and coded using Dedoose software. American Indian-owned casinos are perceived to influence the health of tribal communities through three pathways: 1) improving the tribal economy 2) altering the built environment, and 3) disrupting the the social landscape. Forming these pathways are a series of interrelated health determinants. Improvement of the tribal economy, through both job creation for tribal members and improved tribal cash flow, was perceived by participants to both influence health. Specifically, improved cash flow has resulted in new wellness programs, community centers, places for recreation, and improved social services. Higher disposable incomes have led to better financial stability, increased access to healthy food, and more opportunities for physical activity. Yet, higher disposable incomes were perceived to also contribute to negative health behaviors, most notably increased drug and alcohol abuse. Casinos were also perceived to alter built environments, resulting in increased availability and access to unhealthy food. And to a lesser extent, they were perceived to disrupt the social landscape of communities with impacts on tribal community value systems. Casino environments improve economic conditions of tribal communities, but present important social and public health challenges. Policy makers at federal, state, and tribal levels should consider the perceptions of tribal members and leaders when determining policies in light of casino development.

31 CFR 1021.540 - Voluntary information sharing among financial institutions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Information Sharing Procedures To Deter Money Laundering and Terrorist Activity for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.540 Voluntary information sharing among financial institutions...

31 CFR 1021.540 - Voluntary information sharing among financial institutions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Information Sharing Procedures To Deter Money Laundering and Terrorist Activity for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.540 Voluntary information sharing among financial institutions...

31 CFR 1021.540 - Voluntary information sharing among financial institutions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Information Sharing Procedures To Deter Money Laundering and Terrorist Activity for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.540 Voluntary information sharing among financial institutions...

31 CFR 1021.540 - Voluntary information sharing among financial institutions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Information Sharing Procedures To Deter Money Laundering and Terrorist Activity for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.540 Voluntary information sharing among financial institutions...

14 CFR 212.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... charter means a charter arranged by a casino, hotel, cruise line, or its agents, the purpose of which is to transport passengers to the casino, hotel, or cruise ship where gambling facilities are available...

14 CFR 212.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... charter means a charter arranged by a casino, hotel, cruise line, or its agents, the purpose of which is to transport passengers to the casino, hotel, or cruise ship where gambling facilities are available...

31 CFR 1021.314 - Structured transactions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.314 Structured transactions. Refer to § 1010.314 of...

31 CFR 1021.314 - Structured transactions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.314 Structured transactions. Refer to § 1010.314 of...

31 CFR 1021.314 - Structured transactions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.314 Structured transactions. Refer to § 1010.314 of...

31 CFR 1021.315 - Exemptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.315 Exemptions. Refer to § 1010.315 of this chapter for exemptions...

31 CFR 1021.315 - Exemptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.315 Exemptions. Refer to § 1010.315 of this chapter for exemptions...

31 CFR 1021.315 - Exemptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.315 Exemptions. Refer to § 1010.315 of this chapter for exemptions...

31 CFR 1021.315 - Exemptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.315 Exemptions. Refer to § 1010.315 of this chapter for exemptions...

31 CFR 1021.314 - Structured transactions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.314 Structured transactions. Refer to § 1010.314 of...

Measuring Indoor Air Quality and Engaging California Indian Stakeholders at the Win-River Resort and Casino: Collaborative Smoke-Free Policy Development

PubMed Central

Klepeis, Neil E.; Dhaliwal, Narinder; Hayward, Gary; Acevedo-Bolton, Viviana; Ott, Wayne R.; Read, Nathan; Layton, Steve; Jiang, Ruoting; Cheng, Kai-Chung; Hildemann, Lynn M.; Repace, James L.; Taylor, Stephanie; Ong, Seow-Ling; Buchting, Francisco O.; Lee, Juliet P.; Moore, Roland S.

2016-01-01

Most casinos owned by sovereign American Indian nations allow smoking, even in U.S. states such as California where state laws restrict workplace smoking. Collaborations between casinos and public health workers are needed to promote smoke-free policies that protect workers and patrons from secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure and risks. Over seven years, a coalition of public health professionals provided technical assistance to the Redding Rancheria tribe in Redding, California in establishing a smoke-free policy at the Win-River Resort and Casino. The coalition provided information to the casino general manager that included site-specific measurement of employee and visitor PM2.5 personal exposure, area concentrations of airborne nicotine and PM2.5, visitor urinary cotinine, and patron and staff opinions (surveys, focus groups, and a Town Hall meeting). The manager communicated results to tribal membership, including evidence of high SHS exposures and support for a smoke-free policy. Subsequently, in concert with hotel expansion, the Redding Rancheria Tribal Council voted to accept a 100% restriction of smoking inside the casino, whereupon PM2.5 exposure in main smoking areas dropped by 98%. A 70% partial-smoke-free policy was instituted ~1 year later in the face of revenue loss. The success of the collaboration in promoting a smoke-free policy, and the key element of air quality feedback, which appeared to be a central driver, may provide a model for similar efforts. PMID:26805860

Measuring Indoor Air Quality and Engaging California Indian Stakeholders at the Win-River Resort and Casino: Collaborative Smoke-Free Policy Development.

PubMed

Klepeis, Neil E; Dhaliwal, Narinder; Hayward, Gary; Acevedo-Bolton, Viviana; Ott, Wayne R; Read, Nathan; Layton, Steve; Jiang, Ruoting; Cheng, Kai-Chung; Hildemann, Lynn M; Repace, James L; Taylor, Stephanie; Ong, Seow-Ling; Buchting, Francisco O; Lee, Juliet P; Moore, Roland S

2016-01-20

Most casinos owned by sovereign American Indian nations allow smoking, even in U.S. states such as California where state laws restrict workplace smoking. Collaborations between casinos and public health workers are needed to promote smoke-free policies that protect workers and patrons from secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure and risks. Over seven years, a coalition of public health professionals provided technical assistance to the Redding Rancheria tribe in Redding, California in establishing a smoke-free policy at the Win-River Resort and Casino. The coalition provided information to the casino general manager that included site-specific measurement of employee and visitor PM2.5 personal exposure, area concentrations of airborne nicotine and PM2.5, visitor urinary cotinine, and patron and staff opinions (surveys, focus groups, and a Town Hall meeting). The manager communicated results to tribal membership, including evidence of high SHS exposures and support for a smoke-free policy. Subsequently, in concert with hotel expansion, the Redding Rancheria Tribal Council voted to accept a 100% restriction of smoking inside the casino, whereupon PM2.5 exposure in main smoking areas dropped by 98%. A 70% partial-smoke-free policy was instituted ~1 year later in the face of revenue loss. The success of the collaboration in promoting a smoke-free policy, and the key element of air quality feedback, which appeared to be a central driver, may provide a model for similar efforts.

A study of South Korean casino employees and gambling problems.

PubMed

Lee, Tae Kyung; Labrie, Richard A; Rhee, Hak Seung; Shaffer, Howard J

2008-05-01

Casino employees are exposed to disproportionately high levels of gambling, drinking and smoking compared to other occupations. Because of their occupation, they have the opportunity to detect and prevent pathological gambling (PG). To identify differences in the mental health status and social attitudes towards PG among casino workers in South Korea depending upon whether they report any gambling problems. Data were collected from 388 full-time casino employees. This data provided information about the prevalence of gambling problems, alcohol and tobacco use and depression. Employees were grouped according to their scores on the Korean version of South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), and those employees who gambled without experiencing any gambling problems (Group NP: SOGS = 0) and those who reported any gambling problems (Group P: SOGS > 0) were compared. An exploratory factor analyses identified the domains of casino employee social attitudes towards gambling. Employees who reported gambling problems (Group P) reported a higher prevalence of smoking, alcohol problems and depression (P < 0.01) compared to employees who did not report gambling problems (Group NP). The primary employee social attitude towards gambling was identified by the factor of 'Disease concept/social awareness'. Group NP reported more positive attitudes in this domain than Group P (P < 0.01). Employees who reported any gambling problems reported a less positive attitude towards developing the public health system to be responsive to gambling problems. These findings indicate a need to develop health education programmes that focus more specifically on casino employees with gambling problems.

Reward-based contextual learning supported by anterior cingulate cortex.

PubMed

Umemoto, Akina; HajiHosseini, Azadeh; Yates, Michael E; Holroyd, Clay B

2017-06-01

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is commonly associated with cognitive control and decision making, but its specific function is highly debated. To explore a recent theory that the ACC learns the reward values of task contexts (Holroyd & McClure in Psychological Review, 122, 54-83, 2015; Holroyd & Yeung in Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16, 122-128, 2012), we recorded the event-related brain potentials (ERPs) from participants as they played a novel gambling task. The participants were first required to select from among three games in one "virtual casino," and subsequently they were required to select from among three different games in a different virtual casino; unbeknownst to them, the payoffs for the games were higher in one casino than in the other. Analysis of the reward positivity, an ERP component believed to reflect reward-related signals carried to the ACC by the midbrain dopamine system, revealed that the ACC is sensitive to differences in the reward values associated with both the casinos and the games inside the casinos, indicating that participants learned the values of the contexts in which rewards were delivered. These results highlight the importance of the ACC in learning the reward values of task contexts in order to guide action selection.

Casino-related deaths in Atlantic City, New Jersey 1982-1986.

PubMed

Jason, D R; Taff, M L; Boglioli, L R

1990-06-01

The first legalized casino-hotel opened in Atlantic City, New Jersey in 1978. Annually, more than 30 million people visit the "Gambling Capitol of the East Coast." As a result of this growing influx of people, the Atlantic County Medical Examiner's Office began compiling statistics in 1982 of casino-related deaths. Data on 398 casino-related deaths occurring in 1982-1986 were collected and analyzed: 83% of the total number of fatalities were sudden cardiac deaths. Most of the victims were elderly white retired men who had previously diagnosed medical conditions. Many of the victims' underlying medical problems are of a type known to be associated with compulsive gambling. The majority of deaths occurred during the afternoon hours on weekends in October, January, and May. Of the victims, 86% were from New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania. For Atlantic City, a gambling community known to have a relatively high rate of crime and drug-trafficking, only 1% of all deaths were homicides. We speculate that the stress of gambling activities may induce sudden cardiac death. We therefore recommend that communities planning to legalize casino gambling mandate that gambling establishments provide emergency health care services for their patrons.

31 CFR 1021.310 - Reports of transactions in currency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.310 Reports of transactions in currency. The...

31 CFR 1021.310 - Reports of transactions in currency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.310 Reports of transactions in currency. The...

31 CFR 1021.310 - Reports of transactions in currency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.310 Reports of transactions in currency. The...

31 CFR 1021.310 - Reports of transactions in currency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.310 Reports of transactions in currency. The...

CASINO: A Small System Simulator

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Christensen, Borge

1978-01-01

This article is a tutorial on writing a simulator--the example used is a casino. The nontechnical, step by step approach is designed to enable even non-programmers to understand the design of such a simulation. (Author)

31 CFR 1021.312 - Identification required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.312 Identification required. Refer to § 1010.312 of... and card clubs. ...

31 CFR 1021.610 - Due diligence programs for correspondent accounts for foreign financial institutions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.610 Due diligence programs for correspondent accounts for...

31 CFR 1021.610 - Due diligence programs for correspondent accounts for foreign financial institutions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.610 Due diligence programs for correspondent accounts for...

31 CFR 1021.312 - Identification required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.312 Identification required. Refer to § 1010.312 of... and card clubs. ...

31 CFR 1021.312 - Identification required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.312 Identification required. Refer to § 1010.312 of... and card clubs. ...

31 CFR 1021.610 - Due diligence programs for correspondent accounts for foreign financial institutions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.610 Due diligence programs for correspondent accounts for...

31 CFR 1021.610 - Due diligence programs for correspondent accounts for foreign financial institutions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.610 Due diligence programs for correspondent accounts for...

31 CFR 1021.312 - Identification required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Reports Required To Be Made By Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.312 Identification required. Refer to § 1010.312 of... and card clubs. ...

Elevation Request Letter to Army - signed October 3, 1994

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Requesting for review of a decision to issue a Section 10 and a Section 404 permit to Spectrum Gaming/D'Iberville Landing Casino, for a proposed casino complex in the City of D'Iberville, Mississippi.

Rosebud Casino and Hotel NPDES Proposed Permit

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Indian Country, Minor Permit, proposed permit SD-0034584, Rosebud Casino and Hotel, South Dakota, is authorized to discharge from its wastewater treatment facility in Todd County, South Dakota to an unnamed drainageway(s) tributary to Rock Creek.

Betting Decision Under Break-Streak Pattern: Evidence from Casino Gaming.

PubMed

Fong, Lawrence Hoc Nang; So, Amy Siu Ian; Law, Rob

2016-03-01

Cognitive bias is prevalent among gamblers, especially those with gambling problems. Grounded in the heuristics theories, this study contributes to the literature by examining a cognitive bias triggered by the break streak pattern in the casino setting. We postulate that gamblers tend to bet on the latest outcome when there is a break-streak pattern. Moreover, three determinants of the betting decision under break-streak pattern, including the streak length of the alternative outcome, the frequency of the latest outcome, and gender, were identified and examined in this study. A non-participatory observational study was conducted among the Cussec gamblers in a casino in Macao. An analysis of 1229 bets confirms our postulation, particularly when the streak of the alternative outcome is long, the latest outcome is frequent, and the gamblers are females. The findings provide meaningful implications for casino management and public policymakers regarding the minimization of gambling harm.

Inside the virtual casino: a prospective longitudinal study of actual Internet casino gambling.

PubMed

Labrie, Richard A; Kaplan, Sara A; Laplante, Debi A; Nelson, Sarah E; Shaffer, Howard J

2008-08-01

Participation in Internet gambling is growing rapidly, as is concern about its possible effects on the public's health. This article reports the results of the first prospective longitudinal study of actual Internet casino gambling behaviour. Data include 2 years of recorded Internet betting activity by a cohort of gamblers who subscribed to an Internet gambling service during February 2005. We examined computer records of each transaction and transformed them into measures of gambling involvement. The sample included 4222 gamblers who played casino games. The median betting behaviour was to play casino games once every 2 weeks during a period of 9 months. Subscribers placed a median of 49 bets of euro4 each playing day. Subscribers lost a median of 5.5% of total monies wagered. We determined a group of heavily involved bettors whose activity exceeded that of 95% of the sample; these players bet every fifth day during 17.5 months. On each playing day, these most involved bettors placed a median of 188 bets of euro25. Their median percent of wagers lost, 2.5%, was smaller than that lost by the total sample. Our findings suggest that Internet casino betting behaviour results in modest costs for most players, while some, roughly 5%, have larger losses. The findings also show the need to consider time spent as a marker of disordered gambling. These findings provide the evidence to steer public health debates away from speculation and toward the creation of empirically-based strategies to protect the public health.

31 CFR 1021.670 - Summons or subpoena of foreign bank records; termination of correspondent relationship.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.670 Summons or subpoena of foreign bank records; termination of...

31 CFR 1021.670 - Summons or subpoena of foreign bank records; termination of correspondent relationship.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.670 Summons or subpoena of foreign bank records; termination of...

31 CFR 1021.670 - Summons or subpoena of foreign bank records; termination of correspondent relationship.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.670 Summons or subpoena of foreign bank records; termination of...

31 CFR 1021.670 - Summons or subpoena of foreign bank records; termination of correspondent relationship.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.670 Summons or subpoena of foreign bank records; termination of...

NPDES Permit for Rosebud Casino and Hotel Wastewater Treatment Facility in South Dakota

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Under NPDES permit SD-0034584, Rosebud Casino and Hotel, South Dakota, is authorized to discharge from its wastewater treatment facility in Todd County, South Dakota to an unnamed drainageway(s) tributary to Rock Creek.

77 FR 46106 - Tribal Listening Sessions on Sacred Sites on Federal Lands

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-02

....m.-4 p.m..... Mystic Lake Casino Hotel, 2400 Mystic Lake Boulevard, Prior Lake, MN 55372, (952) 445- 9000. August 24, 2012 9 a.m.-12 p.m.... Mohegan Sun Casino, 1 Mohegan Sun Boulevard, Uncasville...

Shaping Adolescent Gambling Behavior.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arcuri, Alan F.; And Others

1985-01-01

Surveyed the incidence of casino gambling by adolescents. Results indicated that 64 percent of the students at one Atlantic City high school had gambled at the casinos. The dangers of shaping compulsive gambling behavior through societal acceptance of legalized gambling are discussed. (Author/BL)

Northern Edge Navajo Casino, Fruitland, NM: NN0030343

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

NPDES Permit and Fact Sheet explaining EPA's action under the Clean Water Act to issue NPDES Permit No. NN0030343) to the Navajo Tribal Utility Authority Northern Edge Navajo Casino Wastewater Treatment Facility, 2752 Indian Service Road 36, Fruitland, NM.

Gambling and the Law(®): Endless fields of dreams.

PubMed

Rose, I N

1995-03-01

This article examines the current trends of proliferation of commercial gaming, especially in the United States, in the context of the "third wave" of legalization of gambling that has been experienced since the founding of the nation. The author looks at the historic foundations of the spread of casino-style gambling, and notes the types of casino gaming that have led the way in the current expansion. He also points out why it is reasonable to expect that this wave too may come crashing down, as general acceptance of wide-spread casino gaming in America may indeed be short-lived.

Decoding Problem Gamblers' Signals: A Decision Model for Casino Enterprises.

PubMed

Ifrim, Sandra

2015-12-01

The aim of the present study is to offer a validated decision model for casino enterprises. The model enables those users to perform early detection of problem gamblers and fulfill their ethical duty of social cost minimization. To this end, the interpretation of casino customers' nonverbal communication is understood as a signal-processing problem. Indicators of problem gambling recommended by Delfabbro et al. (Identifying problem gamblers in gambling venues: final report, 2007) are combined with Viterbi algorithm into an interdisciplinary model that helps decoding signals emitted by casino customers. Model output consists of a historical path of mental states and cumulated social costs associated with a particular client. Groups of problem and non-problem gamblers were simulated to investigate the model's diagnostic capability and its cost minimization ability. Each group consisted of 26 subjects and was subsequently enlarged to 100 subjects. In approximately 95% of the cases, mental states were correctly decoded for problem gamblers. Statistical analysis using planned contrasts revealed that the model is relatively robust to the suppression of signals performed by casino clientele facing gambling problems as well as to misjudgments made by staff regarding the clients' mental states. Only if the last mentioned source of error occurs in a very pronounced manner, i.e. judgment is extremely faulty, cumulated social costs might be distorted.

NPDES Draft Permit for Dakota Magic Casino Wastewater Treatment Facility in North Dakota

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Under NPDES draft permit ND0030813, the Dakota Magic Hotel and Casino WWTF is authorized to discharge, in accordance with the requirements as contained in the provisions of this Permit, from its wastewater treatment facility to the Bois de Sioux.

Does legalized gambling elevate the risk of suicide? An analysis of U.S. counties and metropolitan areas.

PubMed

McCleary, Richard; Chew, Kenneth S Y; Merrill, Vincent; Napolitano, Carol

2002-01-01

This study addresses a possible link between suicide and casino gambling. Resident suicide rates are analyzed for (a) a 1990 cross-section of 148 U.S. metropolitan areas and (b) before and after the advent of legalized casinos in five U.S. counties. Data are drawn from government and gaming industry sources. In cross-section, metro area suicide is strongly correlated with region, accidental death and homicide rates, age and race composition, and economic vitality, followed by a modest net positive correlation with casino presence. By contrast, the time series analysis yields no evidence of a gambling effect.

77 FR 35343 - Provisions for Fees Related to Hazardous Materials Endorsements and Transportation Worker...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-13

... maintenance, and customer service support. When the pertinent contracts for services are amended or... capture worker overall satisfaction with the enrollment process; this optional survey is provided during... 532411), Sightseeing Water (NAICS 48799), Casinos (except Casino Hotels) (NAICS 713210), Other Gambling...

Differential Effects of Formal and Informal Gambling on Symptoms of Problem Gambling During Voluntary Self-Exclusion.

PubMed

McCormick, Amanda V; Cohen, Irwin M; Davies, Garth

2018-01-18

Voluntary self-exclusion (VSE) programs enable problem gamblers to engage in a break from casino-based gambling. The current study analyzed the effects of a VSE program in British Columbia, Canada on problem gambling symptoms and the comparative reductions in problem gambling symptoms when participants abstained from gambling, continued to participate in non-casino based gambling, or attempted to violate their exclusion contract. 269 participants completed two telephone interviews over a 6-month period. Participants were administered the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). Substantial reductions in PGSI scores were observed after 6 months. Program violators had significantly smaller PGSI Difference Scores by Time 2 compared to those who continued to gamble outside of the casino and those who completely abstained from all gambling. There were no significant differences between those who gambled informally and those who abstained. A multiple regression identified that while access to counselling and length of enrollment also contributed to the reduction in PGSI scores, violation attempts were most strongly associated with smaller reductions in symptoms of problem gambling. These results imply that some gamblers can successfully engage in non-casino based forms of gambling and still experience reductions in symptoms of problem gambling. Future analyses will explore characteristics associated with group membership that may help to identify which participants can successfully engage in non-casino based gambling without re-triggering symptoms of problem gambling.

Continuous weeklong measurements of indoor particle levels in a Minnesota Tribal Casino Resort.

PubMed

Zhou, Zheng; Bohac, David; Boyle, Raymond G

2016-08-24

Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure for workers and patrons in hospitality venues is a persistent and significant public health concern. We designed this study to provide a comprehensive assessment of SHS exposure inside an Indian Tribal Casino in Minnesota. Real-time fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations were measured at multiple locations for up to 7 days. The field monitoring provided information on the day of week and time of day variation of SHS exposure, as well as comparisons between smoking and non-smoking areas. Indoor PM2.5 level was nearly 13 times the concurrent outdoor PM2.5 level. Gaming floor hourly PM2.5 level was highest on Saturday night, averaged at 62.9 μg/m(3). Highest PM2.5 concentration was observed in smoking-permitted employee break room, reaching 600 μg/m(3). PM2.5 readings in non-smoking sections exhibited same temporal pattern as the readings in smoking sections. The results show that indoor concentration of PM2.5 is substantially higher than the outdoor level, posing health risks to casino workers and patrons. SHS can migrate into adjacent non-smoking areas very quickly. The casino's ventilation system did not fully eliminate SHS. A completely smoke-free casino would be the only way to fully protect non-smoking patrons and employees from the dangers of tobacco smoke.

NPDES Permit for Dakota Magic Casino and Hotel Wastewater Treatment Facility in North Dakota

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Under NPDES permit ND0030813, the the Dakota Magic Casino and Hotel is authorized is authorized to discharge from its wastewater treatment facility in Richland County, North Dakota, to a roadside ditch flowing to an unnamed tributary to the Bois de Sioux.

Betting on Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hill, David

1995-01-01

The Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwas in Minnesota developed casinos and invested the huge revenue in two new schools that teach their language, history, and culture. The article provides a history of the development of the schools and several tribe members' opinions of the casinos and the way the revenue is used. (SM)

Older Adults and Gambling: A Review

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ariyabuddhiphongs, Vanchai

2012-01-01

This paper uses the social cognitive theory model to review the literature on older adult gambling, and related personal and environment characteristics. Results show that lottery is the kind of gambling most frequently played by older adults, followed by casino games. Older adults take trips to casinos to socialize, find excitement, and win…

Social Capital and Casino Gambling in U.S. Communities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tabor Griswold, Mary; Nichols, Mark W.

2006-01-01

This paper empirically analyzes the impact that the spread of casino gambling has on social capital in communities throughout the United States. Social capital is a networking process that translates into an individual's effectiveness in the community and workplace, and binds communities together. Several recent studies have also demonstrated a…

75 FR 61604 - Small Business Size Standards; Accommodation and Food Services Industries

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-06

... 721120, Casino Hotels, from $7.0 million to $30 million; NAICS 722211, Limited Service Restaurants, from...--Limited Service Restaurants..... 7.0 10.0 722212--Cafeterias 7.0 25.5 722310--Food Service Contractors.... 721120 Casino Hotels 30.0 * * * * * * * 722211 Limited-Service Restaurants 10.0 722212 Cafeterias, Grill...

Awareness Training Program on Responsible Gambling for Casino Employees

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Giroux, Isabelle; Boutin, Claude; Ladouceur, Robert; Lachance, Stella; Dufour, Magali

2008-01-01

Over the last years, several comprehensive training programs for problem gambling have been developed and implemented in various casinos around the world. However, the efficacy of these programs has rarely been assessed and evaluated scientifically. A workshop called "Des gens qui font la difference" (People Making a Difference) was…

75 FR 47616 - Notice of Availability of the Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Confederated Tribes of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-06

... used for the development of a casino and related hotel, dining, and entertainment facilities. The... self-sufficiency, both with respect to its government operations and its members. The Final EIS... Cascade Locks for parking and other facilities related to the resort and casino development. The resort...

Explaining Antagonism to the Owners of Foxwoods Casino Resort

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

d'Hauteserre, Anne-Marie

2010-01-01

Conflictual relations between the owners of Foxwoods Casino and Resort, who are American Indians, and the white residents of Ledyard and nearby Preston and North Stonington townships in southeastern Connecticut are long-standing. They have flared up on numerous occasions and especially since 1982 when the Mashantucket Pequots considered building a…

Gaming No Panacea for Meeting Tribes' Needs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Selden, Ron

2003-01-01

Details the reasons why Indian casinos are not benefiting large numbers of Native Americans. Explains that most casinos are located in populated areas, while most American Indians live in rural areas. Adds that 75% of jobs generated by Indian gaming have gone to non-Indians. Reports on efforts to build a Native American scholarship fund from…

14 CFR 212.6 - Operation of gambling junket charters.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... carrier must meet the following criteria: (a) The aircraft must be chartered by (1) A casino, hotel, or..., hotel, or cruise line. (b) The casino, hotel, or cruise line or its agents, may not require a passenger..., hotel, or cruise line or its agents, from requiring prospective passengers to pay nominal reservation...

14 CFR 212.6 - Operation of gambling junket charters.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... carrier must meet the following criteria: (a) The aircraft must be chartered by (1) A casino, hotel, or..., hotel, or cruise line. (b) The casino, hotel, or cruise line or its agents, may not require a passenger..., hotel, or cruise line or its agents, from requiring prospective passengers to pay nominal reservation...

31 CFR 1021.630 - Prohibition on correspondent accounts for foreign shell banks; records concerning owners of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... for foreign shell banks; records concerning owners of foreign banks and agents for service of legal... (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.630...

31 CFR 1021.630 - Prohibition on correspondent accounts for foreign shell banks; records concerning owners of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... for foreign shell banks; records concerning owners of foreign banks and agents for service of legal... (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.630...

31 CFR 1021.630 - Prohibition on correspondent accounts for foreign shell banks; records concerning owners of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... for foreign shell banks; records concerning owners of foreign banks and agents for service of legal... (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.630...

31 CFR 1021.630 - Prohibition on correspondent accounts for foreign shell banks; records concerning owners of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... for foreign shell banks; records concerning owners of foreign banks and agents for service of legal... (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.630...

The income and health effects of tribal casino gaming on American Indians.

PubMed

Wolfe, Barbara; Jakubowski, Jessica; Haveman, Robert; Courey, Marissa

2012-05-01

The legalization of American Indian casino gaming in the late 1980s allows examination of the relationship between income and health in a quasi-experimental way. Revenue from gaming accrues to individual tribes and has been used both to supplement tribe members' income and to finance tribal infrastructure. We assembled annual data from 1988-2003 on tribal gaming, health care access (from the Area Resource File), and individual health and socioeconomic characteristics data (from the Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System). We use this information within a structural, difference-in-differences framework to study the effect of casino gaming on tribal members' income, health status, access to health care, and health-related behaviors. Our difference-in-differences framework relies on before-after comparisons among American Indians whose tribe has at some time operated a casino and with-without comparisons between American Indians whose tribe has and those whose tribe has not initiated gaming. Our results provide identified estimates of the positive effect of gaming on American Indian income and on several indicators of American Indian health, health-related behaviors, and access to health care.

Who Spends Money to Play for Free? Identifying Who Makes Micro-transactions on Social Casino Games (and Why).

PubMed

Kim, Hyoun S; Hollingshead, Samantha; Wohl, Michael J A

2017-06-01

Social casino games are online gambling-like games found on social networking sites. They are initially free to play, however, players are encouraged to make micro-transactions (i.e., in-game purchases) for additional game credits or functionality. As a result, they generate billions of dollars in revenue. Yet, little is known as to who purchases virtual credits, let alone why. In the present research, we assessed whether there are individual differences (impulsivity, reward sensitivity, competitiveness, and problem gambling severity) between who is and who is not likely to make micro-transactions during social casino game play. Moreover, we examined possible motivations for making micro-transactions (e.g., extend play, win back lost credits) and whether the individual difference variables of interest predict reported motivation(s) for making micro-transactions. Results showed that social casino gamers who engaged in micro-transactions reported significantly higher levels of impulsivity, reward sensitivity and problem gambling severity, but not competitiveness. In terms of motivation to make micro-transactions, desire to extend play was endorsed most frequently, followed by a desire to access additional features, chasing lost credits, and to speed up play. Lastly, among participants who made micro-transactions, reward sensitivity predicted making micro-transactions to chase lost credits. These results suggest the personality make-up of social casino gamers is important to understand who is likely to make micro-transactions as well as their motivation to do so-information that could prove useful for regulation of the industry.

A Casino goes smoke free: a longitudinal study of secondhand and thirdhand smoke pollution and exposure.

PubMed

Matt, Georg E; Quintana, Penelope J E; Hoh, Eunha; Zakarian, Joy M; Chowdhury, Zohir; Hovell, Melbourne F; Jacob, Peyton; Watanabe, Kayo; Theweny, Teaba S; Flores, Victoria; Nguyen, Anh; Dhaliwal, Narinder; Hayward, Gary

2018-02-08

Secondhand smoke (SHS) in US casinos is common, but little is known about the residue of tobacco smoke pollutants left behind in dust and on surfaces, commonly referred to as thirdhand smoke (THS). We examined SHS and THS pollution and exposure before and during a casino smoking ban and after smoking resumed. A casino was visited nine times over a 15-month period to collect dust, surface and air samples in eight locations. Finger wipe and urine samples were collected from non-smoking confederates before and after a 4-hour casino visit. Samples were analysed for markers of SHS and THS pollution and exposure. Exceptionally high levels of THS were found in dust and on surfaces. Although the smoking ban led to immediate improvements in air quality, surface nicotine levels were unchanged and remained very high for the first month of the smoking ban. Surface nicotine decreased by 90% after 1 month (P<0.01), but nicotine and tobacco-specific nitrosamines in dust decreased more slowly, declining by 90% only after 3 months (P<0.01). Exposure was significantly reduced after the ban, but the benefits of the ban were reversed after smoking resumed. Long-term smoking in a casino creates deep THS reservoirs that persist for months after a smoking ban. A complete smoking ban immediately improves air quality and significantly reduces exposure to SHS and THS. However, THS reservoirs contribute to continued low-level exposure to toxicants. To accelerate the effect of smoking bans, remediation efforts should address specific THS reservoirs, which may require intensive cleaning as well as replacement of carpets, furniture and building materials. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

78 FR 19988 - Safety Zone; BWRC Spring Classic, Parker, AZ

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-03

... of the navigable waters of the Colorado River in Parker, Arizona for the Blue Water Resort and Casino... California Speedboat Club is sponsoring the Blue Water Resort and Casino Spring Classic, which is held on the... Headgate Dam and 0.5 miles north of the Blue Water Marina in Parker, Arizona. Before the effective period...

78 FR 37417 - Small Business Size Standards: Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-20

... $7.0 $35.5 713210 Casinos (except Casino Hotels) $7.0 $25.5 713290 Other Gambling Industries $7.0 $30... Management and Budget (OMB) has determined that this final rule is not a ``significant regulatory action... added competition for many of these procurements may also result in lower prices to the Government for...

The Impact of Gaming Revenue on American Indian Education: A Case Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lawton, Stephen B.

This paper reviews historical and legal factors contributing to the development of gaming as a source of tribal revenue, and assesses the impact on education from revenue generated from the Mystic Lake Casino near Minneapolis, Minnesota. Corporate shareholders of the casino are members of the Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community. Although U.S. law…

78 FR 15040 - Extending the Review Period for the Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) for the Proposed...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-08

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs Extending the Review Period for the Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) for the Proposed Spokane Tribe of Indians West Plains Casino and Mixed Use... Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) for the Spokane Tribe of Indians West Plains Casino and Mixed Use Project...

Punishing Youth and Saturated Violence in the Era of Casino Capitalism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Giroux, Henry

2013-01-01

This essay powerfully describes the rise of a neoliberal or "casino capitalism" as a punishing state that has been largely ignored by the mainstream media but is actively resisted by young people around the world. I highlight the pervasive use of violence and the celebration of war-like values that are no longer restricted to a…

31 CFR 1021.320 - Reports by casinos of suspicious transactions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... authorized in this paragraph (e). For purposes of this paragraph (e) only, a SAR shall include any suspicious... would reveal the existence of a SAR, in response to a request for disclosure of non-public information... transactions. (a) General. (1) Every casino shall file with FinCEN, to the extent and in the manner required by...

31 CFR 1021.320 - Reports by casinos of suspicious transactions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... authorized in this paragraph (e). For purposes of this paragraph (e) only, a SAR shall include any suspicious... would reveal the existence of a SAR, in response to a request for disclosure of non-public information... transactions. (a) General. (1) Every casino shall file with FinCEN, to the extent and in the manner required by...

31 CFR 1021.320 - Reports by casinos of suspicious transactions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... authorized in this paragraph (e). For purposes of this paragraph (e) only, a SAR shall include any suspicious... would reveal the existence of a SAR, in response to a request for disclosure of non-public information... transactions. (a) General. (1) Every casino shall file with FinCEN, to the extent and in the manner required by...

31 CFR 1021.320 - Reports by casinos of suspicious transactions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... authorized in this paragraph (e). For purposes of this paragraph (e) only, a SAR shall include any suspicious... would reveal the existence of a SAR, in response to a request for disclosure of non-public information... transactions. (a) General. (1) Every casino shall file with FinCEN, to the extent and in the manner required by...

Gavarni at the casino: reflections of class and gender in the visual culture of 1848.

PubMed

Briggs, Jo

2011-01-01

Drawing on cultural history and opposing the idea that British visual culture in 1848 has nothing interesting to say about class, politics, and revolution, this article examines a depiction of the London dance-hall Laurent's Casino by Guillaume-Sulpice Chevalier, better known as Paul Gavarni, made to accompany as essay by Albert Smith for the collaborative work "Gavarni in London" (1849). The image appeared against the backdrop of revolutions abroad, and just weeks after rioting in Trafalgar Square. Reconstructing the location of the casino, the history of the venue, the entertainments enjoyed there, and description of its patrons - the gent and his female counterpart - reveals the dynamic performance of class enacted there, and contemporary reactions to that performance.

Evaluating the ecological association of casino industry economic development on community health status: a natural experiment in the Mississippi delta region.

PubMed

Honoré, Peggy A; Simoes, Eduardo J; Moonesinghe, Ramal; Wang, Xueyuan; Brown, Lovetta

2007-01-01

Objectives of this study were to examine for associations of casino industry economic development on improving community health status and funding for public health services in two counties in the Mississippi Delta Region of the United States. An ecological approach was used to evaluate whether two counties with casino gaming had improved health status and public health funding in comparison with two noncasino counties in the same region with similar social, racial, and ethic backgrounds. Variables readily available from state health department records were used to develop a logic model for guiding analytical work. A linear regression model was built using a stepwise approach and hierarchical regression principles with many dependent variables and a set of fixed and nonfixed independent variables. County-level data for 23 variables over an 11-year period were used. Overall, this study found a lack of association between the presence of a casino and desirable health outcomes or funding for public health services. Changes in the environment were made to promote health by utilizing gaming revenues to build state-of-the-art community health and wellness centers and sports facilities. However, significant increases in funding for local public health services were not found in either of the counties with casinos. These findings are relevant for policy makers when debating economic development strategies. Analysis similar to this should be combined with other routine public health assessments after implementation of development strategies to increase knowledge of health outcome trends and shifts in socioeconomic position that may be expected to accrue from economic development projects.

78 FR 33703 - Safety Zone; Great Western Tube Float; Colorado River; Parker, AZ

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-05

... include all navigable waters of the Colorado River from La Paz County Park to the Blue Water Resort... width of the river from La Paz County Park to the Blue Water Resort & Casino. However, vessels may... includes the waters of the Colorado River between La Paz County Park to the Blue Water Resort & Casino and...

33 CFR 165.801 - Annual fireworks displays and other events in the Eighth Coast Guard District requiring safety...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... representatives include commissioned, warrant, and petty officers of the U.S. Coast Guard. (d) Informational...-90.5 (West Virginia). 9. 1 day—Third or fourth of July Harrah's Casino/Metropolis Fireworks... Mississippi River mile marker 518.0 to 519.0 (Iowa). 27. 1 day—4th of July weekend Harrah's Casino and Hotel...

Casino gambling among older adults in North Dakota: a policy analysis.

PubMed

Bjelde, Kristine; Chromy, Barbara; Pankow, Debra

2008-12-01

This article examined social issues surrounding casino gambling among older adults both nationally and in the state of North Dakota. An exploratory review of gambling trends among older adults and an examination of policies to protect older gamblers revealed that older adults are targeted by the gaming industry as a lucrative market (Singh et al. J Retail Leisure Property 2007, 6(1):61-68). The authors used the national literature to frame their qualitative study, which explored gambling issues among older adults in North Dakota from the perspective of six counselors trained in gambling addiction who provide treatment services in the state. Findings indicated that relatively few policies existed at the state and national levels to protect older, more vulnerable adults who gamble. Further, the six casinos in North Dakota were viewed as very effective in marketing their casino gaming opportunities to older citizens by the gambling treatment providers interviewed. Additionally, barriers to gambling addiction treatment involved lack of available services and distance to receive services in this rural state. Based on the findings of this study, social policy changes which could lead to increased protection for older adult gamblers in the state were included.

Voluntary turnover among non-supervisory casino employees.

PubMed

Stedham, Y; Mitchell, M C

1996-09-01

As gaming is expanding nationally and internationally, existing gaming operations are facing increased competition for employees with gaming experience. This study investigates the factors related to employee turnover in the gaming industry. Workers of six casinos in Reno, Nevada were surveyed concerning their work attitudes and turnover intentions, resulting in a sample of 492 observations. The sample represents all non-supervisory job types typically found in casinos. Pearson correlations and multivariate regression analysis were employed to investigate the relationships among turnover intentions and job satisfaction, specific satisfaction dimensions, organizational commitment, worker perceptions, pay, and labor market conditions. The results show that job satisfaction and organizational commitment are most strongly related to turnover. In contrast to previous findings, labor market conditions and pay play only a minor role in an employee's decision to quit. Instead, perceived lack of job security, satisfaction with supervision, and perceived employer concern with employee well-being emerge among the most important factors. The results imply that employers in the gaming industry can manage employee turnover by providing effective supervision that is based on employee participation and fair treatment of employees. Training of supervisors, therefore, may be a relatively inexpensive method of controlling employee turnover in casinos.

Birthday and birthmate problems: misconceptions of probability among psychology undergraduates and casino visitors and personnel.

PubMed

Voracek, Martin; Tran, Ulrich S; Formann, Anton K

2008-02-01

Subjective estimates and associated confidence ratings for the solutions of some classic occupancy problems were studied in samples of 721 psychology undergraduates, 39 casino visitors, and 34 casino employees. On tasks varying the classic birthday problem, i.e., the probability P for any coincidence among N individuals sharing the same birthday, clear majorities of respondents markedly overestimated N, given P, and markedly underestimated P, given N. Respondents did notedly better on tasks varying the birthmate problem, i.e., P for the specific coincidence among N individuals of having a birthday today. Psychology students and women did better on both task types, but were less confident about their estimates than casino visitors or per sonnel and men. Several further person variables, such as indicators of topical knowledge and familiarity, were associated with better and more confident performance on birthday problems, but not on birthmate problems. Likewise, higher confidence ratings were related to subjective estimates that were closer to the solutions of birthday problems, but not of birthmate problems. Implications of and possible explanations for these findings, study limitations, directions for further inquiry, and the real-world relevance of ameliorating misconceptions of probability are discussed.

The Learning Basis of Automated Factories: The Case of FIAT. Training Discussion Paper No. 86.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Araujo e Oliveira, Joao Batista

As part of a study on the impact of automation on training, extensive interviews were conducted at two of Fiat's plants, Termoli and Casino, Italy. Termoli, a plant built in the mid-1980s with automation in mind, production of engines and gear boxes was very much integrated by automation devices. Casino produced some individual components but was…

Transmission of ˜ 10 keV electron beams through thin ceramic foils: Measurements and Monte Carlo simulations of electron energy distribution functions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Morozov, A.; Heindl, T.; Skrobol, C.; Wieser, J.; Krücken, R.; Ulrich, A.

2008-07-01

Electron beams with particle energy of ~10 keV were sent through 300 nm thick ceramic (Si3N4 + SiO2) foils and the resulting electron energy distribution functions were recorded using a retarding grid technique. The results are compared with Monte Carlo simulations performed with two publicly available packages, Geant4 and Casino v2.42. It is demonstrated that Geant4, unlike Casino, provides electron energy distribution functions very similar to the experimental distributions. Both simulation packages provide a quite precise average energy of transmitted electrons: we demonstrate that the maximum uncertainty of the calculated values of the average energy is 6% for Geant4 and 8% for Casino, taking into account all systematic uncertainties and the discrepancies in the experimental and simulated data.

Predicting and understanding undergraduate students' intentions to gamble in a casino using an extended model of the theory of reasoned action and the theory of planned behavior.

PubMed

Lee, Hyung-Seok

2013-06-01

Given that current television programming contains numerous gambling portrayals, it is imperative to understand whether and to what extent these gambling behaviors in media influence individuals' beliefs, attitudes, and intentions. This study explores an extended model of the theory of reasoned action (TRA) by including gambling media exposure as a distal, mediating and mediated factor in predicting undergraduate students' intentions to gamble in a casino. Findings show that the extended model of TRA clearly indicates that the constructs of gambling media exposure, prior gambling experience, and level of gambling addiction contribute to the prediction of undergraduate students' casino gambling intentions. Theoretical implications of gambling media effects and practical implications for public policy are discussed, and future research directions are outlined.

A baseline evaluation of casino air quality after enactment of Nevada's Clean Indoor Air Act.

PubMed

York, Nancy L; Lee, Kiyoung

2010-01-01

The U.S. Surgeon General reports that there is no safe level of exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS). The purpose of this study was to measure levels of fine particulate matter in nonsmoking casino restaurants after enactment of Nevada's Clean Indoor Air Act (NCIAA). Fine particulate matter<2.5 microm in diameter (PM2.5) concentrations were measured in 16 casino hotel restaurants and gaming areas for a total of 32 venues. A battery-operated SidePak aerosol monitor was discreetly used for at least 30 min in each venue. Nonsmoking restaurant PM2.5 levels ranged from 5 to 101 microg/m3 (M=31; SD=22.9) while gaming areas ranged from 20 to 73 microg/m3 (M=48; SD=15.9). There was a significant difference in PM2.5 between restaurants and gaming areas, t30=-2.54, p=.017. There was also a strong correlation between the levels of restaurant PM2.5 and gaming area PM2.5 (r=.71; p=.005). Fine PM2.5 in all casino areas was above what the Environmental Protection Agency recommends as healthy. This information can be used to educate policy decision makers when discussing potential strengthening of the law.

The impacts of gaming expansion on economic growth: a theoretical reconsideration.

PubMed

Li, Guoqiang; Gu, Xinhua; Siu, Ricardo Chi Sen

2010-06-01

This paper employs a general equilibrium framework to analyze the effects on economic growth of global expansions in casino gaming, which exports gambling services largely to non-residents. Both domestic and foreign investments in the gaming sector bring in not only substantial revenues but also positive spillover effects on related sectors and even on the entire local economy. However, an over-expansion of commercial gambling may lead to deterioration in the terms of trade with an adverse impact on real income. If this situation persists, it would not be impossible for immiserizing growth to occur. As a highly profitable sector, casino gaming may enable its operators to diversify out of this risk if they invest retained profits in non-gaming sectors to cash in on the spillover effects it has created. The gaming-dominant economy can then be directed on a more balanced and sustainable growth path, and will become less susceptible to business cycles. Indeed, economic experiences in the world's major casino resorts are consistent basically with this argument for diversification. We believe that after the current global crisis fades away, economic growth and resulting surges in global demand for gambling services can provide further opportunities for the expansion of existing casino resorts and the development of new gaming markets.

A Cognitive Model of the Effects of Linking Political Referenda to Salient Social Issues: A Lottery Will Fund Education, But Casinos Will Cause Crime?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ferguson, M. A.; And Others

Contrasting a party identification model with a rational decision making model, a cognitive model predicts voter intent on two referenda: (1) an amendment to permit a state lottery; and (2) an amendment to permit residents of each county to vote on whether to permit casino gambling. Supporters of the lottery amendment attempt to strongly link it…

Three-dimensional electron microscopy simulation with the CASINO Monte Carlo software.

PubMed

Demers, Hendrix; Poirier-Demers, Nicolas; Couture, Alexandre Réal; Joly, Dany; Guilmain, Marc; de Jonge, Niels; Drouin, Dominique

2011-01-01

Monte Carlo softwares are widely used to understand the capabilities of electron microscopes. To study more realistic applications with complex samples, 3D Monte Carlo softwares are needed. In this article, the development of the 3D version of CASINO is presented. The software feature a graphical user interface, an efficient (in relation to simulation time and memory use) 3D simulation model, accurate physic models for electron microscopy applications, and it is available freely to the scientific community at this website: www.gel.usherbrooke.ca/casino/index.html. It can be used to model backscattered, secondary, and transmitted electron signals as well as absorbed energy. The software features like scan points and shot noise allow the simulation and study of realistic experimental conditions. This software has an improved energy range for scanning electron microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy applications. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Urban elders and casino gambling: Are they at risk of a gambling problem?

PubMed

Zaranek, Rochelle R; Lichtenberg, Peter A

2008-01-01

This study examined gambling among older adults and explored the critical predictors of problem gambling behaviors. Relatively unknown and understudied is the extent, or prevalence, of problem gambling behaviors among urban elders and the factors associated with problem gambling. The sample consisted of 1410 randomly selected participants, aged 60 and older, who reside in the City of Detroit. Mental health, health, demographics, social activities, senior optimism, social support network, and frequency of casino visits were examined in order to predict problem gambling behaviors among elders. The survey implemented the Lie/Bet Questionnaire for Screening Probable pathological Gamblers. The results showed that the prevalence of problem gambling behaviors was 10.4% overall, and 18% of persons reporting any casino visitation. Predictors accounted for 16% of problem gambling behaviors. The findings from this study confirmed that gambling has the potential to become a serious health problem among elders. Copyright © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Three-Dimensional Electron Microscopy Simulation with the CASINO Monte Carlo Software

PubMed Central

Demers, Hendrix; Poirier-Demers, Nicolas; Couture, Alexandre Réal; Joly, Dany; Guilmain, Marc; de Jonge, Niels; Drouin, Dominique

2011-01-01

Monte Carlo softwares are widely used to understand the capabilities of electron microscopes. To study more realistic applications with complex samples, 3D Monte Carlo softwares are needed. In this paper, the development of the 3D version of CASINO is presented. The software feature a graphical user interface, an efficient (in relation to simulation time and memory use) 3D simulation model, accurate physic models for electron microscopy applications, and it is available freely to the scientific community at this website: www.gel.usherbrooke.ca/casino/index.html. It can be used to model backscattered, secondary, and transmitted electron signals as well as absorbed energy. The software features like scan points and shot noise allow the simulation and study of realistic experimental conditions. This software has an improved energy range for scanning electron microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy applications. PMID:21769885

DoD Cardholders Used Their Government Travel Cards for Personal Use at Casinos and Adult Entertainment Establishments

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-05-19

liaison to GSA, Citibank, and the Component Program Managers ( CPMs ) on all travel card-related issues. DoD Comptrollers The Military Department...Appendix. Introduction DODIG-2015-125 │ 3 Component Program Managers CPMs are DoD personnel (military or civilian) designated in writing by the Component...or suspension of accounts. As a result, CPMs and APCs did not have sufficient details on transactions that occurred at casinos or adult

33 CFR 100.1102 - Annual Marine Events on the Colorado River, between Davis Dam (Bullhead City, Arizona) and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

.... Regulated Area The entire water area of the Colorado River beginning at BlueWater Marina in Parker, AZ, and...°26′10″ N, 114°18′40″ W to 34°25′50″ N, 114°18′52″ W. 6. BlueWater Resort and Casino Spring Classic... area of the Colorado River in Parker, AZ. 7. BlueWater Resort and Casino Southwest Showdown Sponsor...

Problem Gambling in a Sample of Older Adult Casino Gamblers.

PubMed

van der Maas, Mark; Mann, Robert E; McCready, John; Matheson, Flora I; Turner, Nigel E; Hamilton, Hayley A; Schrans, Tracy; Ialomiteanu, Anca

2017-01-01

As older adults continue to make up a greater proportion of the Canadian population, it becomes more important to understand the implications that their leisure activities have for their physical and mental health. Gambling, in particular, is a form of leisure that is becoming more widely available and has important implications for the mental health and financial well-being of older adults. This study examines a large sample (2103) of casino-going Ontarian adults over the age of 55 and identifies those features of their gambling participation that are associated with problem gambling. Logistic regression analysis is used to analyze the data. Focusing on types of gambling participated in and motivations for visiting the casino, this study finds that several forms of gambling and motivations to gamble are associated with greater risk of problem gambling. It also finds that some motivations are associated with lower risk of problem gambling. The findings of this study have implications related to gambling availability within an aging population.

Casino Self- and Forced Excluders' Gambling Behavior Before and After Exclusion.

PubMed

Kotter, Roxana; Kräplin, Anja; Bühringer, Gerhard

2018-06-01

Casino exclusion programs are intended to prevent or limit gambling-related harm. Although previous research showed that self-exclusion is associated with reduced gambling, it remains unknown whether self- and forced excluded subjects show different patterns of gambling behavior and if exclusion from casino gambling affects all gambling activities. The present study retrospectively investigated (1) the role of voluntariness of exclusion for the first time, and (2) general gambling behavior of excluded individuals before and after exclusion. A total of N = 215 casino excluders (self-excluders: n = 187, forced excluders: n = 28) completed an online survey or a face-to-face interview up to 8 years after enrollment. Self- and forced excluders showed similar rates of abstinence (self-excluders: 19.3%, forced excluders: 28.6%) and reduction (self-excluders: 67.4%, forced excluders: 60.7%), even though forced excluders reported a significantly greater initial gambling intensity compared to self-excluders (e.g., pre-exclusion gambling time; self-excluders: 3.2 days/week, forced excluders: 4.3 days/week). Overall, results indicated that 20.5% of excluders stopped all gambling activities and another 66.5% reduced their gambling. Those who continued gambling significantly reduced this behavior in every segment, except for gambling halls. Findings indicate that self- and forced exclusion are associated with similarly reduced gambling behavior, even in non-excluded segments. However, unchanged gambling in gambling halls emphasizes the importance to implement consistent exclusion programs over all gambling segments.

A Comparative Study of Involvement and Motivation among Casino Gamblers.

PubMed

Lee, Choong-Ki; Lee, Bongkoo; Bernhard, Bo Jason; Lee, Tae Kyung

2009-09-01

The purpose of this paper is to investigate three different types of gamblers (which we label "non-problem", "some problem", and "probable pathological gamblers") to determine differences in involvement and motivation, as well as differences in demographic and behavioral variables. The analysis takes advantage of a unique opportunity to sample on-site at a major casino in South Korea, and the resulting purposive sample yielded 180 completed questionnaires in each of the three groups, for a total number of 540. Factor analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan tests, and Chi-square tests are employed to analyze the data collected from the survey. Findings from ANOVA tests indicate that involvement factors of importance/self-expression, pleasure/interest, and centrality derived from the factor analysis were significantly different among these three types of gamblers. The "probable pathological" and "some problem" gamblers were found to have similar degrees of involvement, and higher degrees of involvement than the non-problem gamblers. The tests also reveal that motivational factors of escape, socialization, winning, and exploring scenery were significantly different among these three types of gamblers. When looking at motivations to visit the casino, "probable pathological" gamblers were more likely to seek winning, the "some problem" group appeared to be more likely to seek escape, and the "non-problem" gamblers indicate that their motivations to visit centered around explorations of scenery and culture in the surrounding casino area. The tools for exploring motivations and involvements of gambling provide valuable and discerning information about the entire spectrum of gamblers.

DoD Officials did Not Take Appropriate Action When Notified of Potential Travel Card Misuse at Casinos and Adult Entertainment Establishments

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-08-30

remained vulnerable to continued misuse; • DoD had less money available for legitimate travel expenses because of the travel overpayments; • DoD...officials should take when misuse was identified. As a result, • the travel card program remained vulnerable to continued misuse; • DoD had less money ...with the casino providing a room free of charge to gamblers to encourage them to stay and gamble. In this case, the traveler stated that there was

A Comparative Study of Involvement and Motivation among Casino Gamblers

PubMed Central

Lee, Choong-Ki; Lee, BongKoo; Bernhard, Bo Jason

2009-01-01

Objective The purpose of this paper is to investigate three different types of gamblers (which we label "non-problem", "some problem", and "probable pathological gamblers") to determine differences in involvement and motivation, as well as differences in demographic and behavioral variables. Methods The analysis takes advantage of a unique opportunity to sample on-site at a major casino in South Korea, and the resulting purposive sample yielded 180 completed questionnaires in each of the three groups, for a total number of 540. Factor analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan tests, and Chi-square tests are employed to analyze the data collected from the survey. Results Findings from ANOVA tests indicate that involvement factors of importance/self-expression, pleasure/interest, and centrality derived from the factor analysis were significantly different among these three types of gamblers. The "probable pathological" and "some problem" gamblers were found to have similar degrees of involvement, and higher degrees of involvement than the non-problem gamblers. The tests also reveal that motivational factors of escape, socialization, winning, and exploring scenery were significantly different among these three types of gamblers. When looking at motivations to visit the casino, "probable pathological" gamblers were more likely to seek winning, the "some problem" group appeared to be more likely to seek escape, and the "non-problem" gamblers indicate that their motivations to visit centered around explorations of scenery and culture in the surrounding casino area. Conclusion The tools for exploring motivations and involvements of gambling provide valuable and discerning information about the entire spectrum of gamblers. PMID:20046388

Market niche analysis in the casino gaming industry.

PubMed

Dandurand, L

1990-03-01

This article discusses the nature of market niche analysis in the casino gaming industry. It presents four approaches for conducting market niche analysis. An an example of one approach, the Las Vegas Visitor Profile Study is used to identify a premium niche in the Las Vegas Slot Target Market. A detailed examination of the premium niche profile provides a description of the typical premium slot player. The description of the typical premium player leads to hypotheses regarding needs (the unique preference set) of the premium player. An analysis of the unique preference set suggests an appropriate enhanced marketing program.

Social casino gaming and adolescents: Should we be concerned and is regulation in sight?

PubMed

Derevensky, Jeffrey L; Gainsbury, Sally M

2016-01-01

While gambling has traditionally been viewed as an adult activity, there is a growing body of research that a significant number of adolescents are not only gambling but are experiencing gambling related problems. As ease of access via Internet wagering has increased, so too have some of the concomitant problems. Social casino gambling, often thought of gambling without risking one's money through the use of virtual currency, has become increasingly popular. The current review examines whether we should be concerned over its widespread use and whether such social games should be regulated. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

'The biggest legal battle in UK casino history': Processes and politics of 'cheating' in sociotechnical networks.

PubMed

Johnson, Mark R

2018-04-01

Previous literature on cheating has focused on defining the concept, assigning responsibility to individual players, collaborative social processes or technical faults in a game's rules. By contrast, this paper applies an actor-network perspective to understanding 'cheating' in games, and explores how the concept is rhetorically effective in sociotechnical controversies. The article identifies human and nonhuman actors whose interests and properties were translated in a case study of 'edge sorting' - identifying minor but crucial differences in tessellated patterns on the backs of playing cards, and using these to estimate their values. In the ensuing legal controversy, the defending actors - casinos - retranslated the interests of actors to position edge sorting as cheating. This allowed the casinos to emerge victorious in a legal battle over almost twenty million dollars. Analyzing this dispute shows that cheating is both sociotechnically complex as an act and an extremely powerful rhetorical tool for actors seeking to prevent changes to previously-established networks. Science and Technology Studies (STS) offers a rich toolkit for examining cheating, but in addition the cheating discourse may be valuable to STS, enlarging our repertoire of actor strategies relevant to sociotechnical disputes.

Using Opinions and Knowledge to Identify Natural Groups of Gambling Employees.

PubMed

Gray, Heather M; Tom, Matthew A; LaPlante, Debi A; Shaffer, Howard J

2015-12-01

Gaming industry employees are at higher risk than the general population for health conditions including gambling disorder. Responsible gambling training programs, which train employees about gambling and gambling-related problems, might be a point of intervention. However, such programs tend to use a "one-size-fits-all" approach rather than multiple tiers of instruction. We surveyed employees of one Las Vegas casino (n = 217) and one online gambling operator (n = 178) regarding their gambling-related knowledge and opinions prior to responsible gambling training, to examine the presence of natural knowledge groups among recently hired employees. Using k-means cluster analysis, we observed four natural groups within the Las Vegas casino sample and two natural groups within the online operator sample. We describe these natural groups in terms of opinion/knowledge differences as well as distributions of demographic/occupational characteristics. Gender and language spoken at home were correlates of cluster group membership among the sample of Las Vegas casino employees, but we did not identify demographic or occupational correlates of cluster group membership among the online gambling operator employees. Gambling operators should develop more sophisticated training programs that include instruction that targets different natural knowledge groups.

A Survey of Residents' Perceptions of the Effect of Large-Scale Economic Developments on Perceived Safety, Violence, and Economic Benefits.

PubMed

Fabio, Anthony; Geller, Ruth; Bazaco, Michael; Bear, Todd M; Foulds, Abigail L; Duell, Jessica; Sharma, Ravi

2015-01-01

Emerging research highlights the promise of community- and policy-level strategies in preventing youth violence. Large-scale economic developments, such as sports and entertainment arenas and casinos, may improve the living conditions, economics, public health, and overall wellbeing of area residents and may influence rates of violence within communities. To assess the effect of community economic development efforts on neighborhood residents' perceptions on violence, safety, and economic benefits. Telephone survey in 2011 using a listed sample of randomly selected numbers in six Pittsburgh neighborhoods. Descriptive analyses examined measures of perceived violence and safety and economic benefit. Responses were compared across neighborhoods using chi-square tests for multiple comparisons. Survey results were compared to census and police data. Residents in neighborhoods with the large-scale economic developments reported more casino-specific and arena-specific economic benefits. However, 42% of participants in the neighborhood with the entertainment arena felt there was an increase in crime, and 29% of respondents from the neighborhood with the casino felt there was an increase. In contrast, crime decreased in both neighborhoods. Large-scale economic developments have a direct influence on the perception of violence, despite actual violence rates.

Automated detection and classification of dice

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Correia, Bento A. B.; Silva, Jeronimo A.; Carvalho, Fernando D.; Guilherme, Rui; Rodrigues, Fernando C.; de Silva Ferreira, Antonio M.

1995-03-01

This paper describes a typical machine vision system in an unusual application, the automated visual inspection of a Casino's playing tables. The SORTE computer vision system was developed at INETI under a contract with the Portuguese Gaming Inspection Authorities IGJ. It aims to automate the tasks of detection and classification of the dice's scores on the playing tables of the game `Banca Francesa' (which means French Banking) in Casinos. The system is based on the on-line analysis of the images captured by a monochrome CCD camera placed over the playing tables, in order to extract relevant information concerning the score indicated by the dice. Image processing algorithms for real time automatic throwing detection and dice classification were developed and implemented.

Big tobacco "pull out all stops" for a landmark example: The Burswood Casino case.

PubMed

Laura, Bond; Julia, Stafford; Mike, Daube

2011-01-01

With the aid of internal tobacco industry documents, this paper provides a chronology of events documenting the role of the Philip Morris tobacco company in the 1993 litigation case against the Burswood International Resort Casino (BIRC). The paper also examines the implications of this case for the regulation of second hand smoke exposure. A systematic keyword search and analysis of internal tobacco industry documents was conducted using documents available on the World Wide Web through the Master Settlement Agreement. The industry documents provide comprehensive evidence that the Philip Morris tobacco company provided assistance to the BIRC in its defence against action by the Western Australian government. The Philip Morris tobacco company, along with others, sought to publicise and promote the outcome as a 'landmark example' to lobby against the implementation of indoor smoking bans. Philip Morris' investment in the BIRC defence demonstrated the industry's recognition of the potential significance of the case beyond Western Australia. Involvement in the BIRC case assisted the wider tobacco industry by helping to prolong smoking at casinos and other Australian hospitality venues. The findings contribute to our understanding of the history of tobacco industry strategies implemented in Western Australia and internationally to slow tobacco control progress, and the preparedness of the tobacco industry to exploit favourable developments originating anywhere in the world.

Raising the stakes: assessing the human service response to the advent of a casino.

PubMed

Engel, Rafael J; Rosen, Daniel; Weaver, Addie; Soska, Tracy

2010-12-01

This article reports the findings of one county's human service network's readiness to treat gambling related problems in anticipation of the opening of a new casino. Using a cross-sectional survey design, questionnaires were mailed to executive directors of all mental health, family counseling, drug and alcohol, and faith-based, addiction-related organizations in the county (N = 248); 137 (55.2%) agency directors responded to the questionnaire. The survey requested information about agency demographics, training, screening, treatment, and public awareness/education. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were used to summarize the findings. The analyses revealed a lack of human service response to the impending start of casino gambling. More than three-quarters of respondents had not sent staff for training in screening or treating gambling disorders, did not screen for problem gambling, did not treat problem gambling, and did not refer clients to other agencies for treatment of gambling-related problems. The most common reason offered for not engaging in prevention and treatment activities was that problem gambling is not considered an issue for the agency. There were differences between mental health and/or substance abuse focused agencies and other service providers. Based on the findings of this study, specific strategies to enhance the service delivery network's capacity to address problem gambling are suggested.

The Association among Childhood Trauma, Pathological Dissociation and Gambling Severity in Casino Gamblers.

PubMed

Imperatori, Claudio; Innamorati, Marco; Bersani, Francesco Saverio; Imbimbo, Francesca; Pompili, Maurizio; Contardi, Anna; Farina, Benedetto

2017-01-01

The aim of the present study was to explore the role of pathological dissociation in mediating the association between childhood trauma (CT) and gambling severity. One hundred seventy-one (134 men and 37 women) gamblers recruited in gambling environments (i.e., two Italian casinos) have been enrolled in the study. Psychopathological assessments included the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Dissociative Experiences Scale-Taxon (DES-T), the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), the CAGE and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. A mediational model, analyzing the direct and indirect effects of CTQ on SOGS through the mediating role of DES-T, showed that the relation between CTQ and SOGS was fully mediated by DES-T scores (b = 0.07; se = 0.15; p < 0.001). This finding raises the possibility that CT explains gambling severity through the presence of pathological dissociative symptoms and dissociative pathogenetic processes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Gambling severity is associated with both childhood trauma and pathological dissociation in casino gamblers. A mediational model shows that the effect of childhood trauma on gambling severity is entirely mediated by pathological dissociation. From a clinical point of view, our results highlight the importance of assessing, and possibly treating, dissociative symptoms in individuals with gambling disorder. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A Survey of Residents' Perceptions of the Effect of Large-Scale Economic Developments on Perceived Safety, Violence, and Economic Benefits

PubMed Central

Geller, Ruth; Bear, Todd M.; Foulds, Abigail L.; Duell, Jessica; Sharma, Ravi

2015-01-01

Background. Emerging research highlights the promise of community- and policy-level strategies in preventing youth violence. Large-scale economic developments, such as sports and entertainment arenas and casinos, may improve the living conditions, economics, public health, and overall wellbeing of area residents and may influence rates of violence within communities. Objective. To assess the effect of community economic development efforts on neighborhood residents' perceptions on violence, safety, and economic benefits. Methods. Telephone survey in 2011 using a listed sample of randomly selected numbers in six Pittsburgh neighborhoods. Descriptive analyses examined measures of perceived violence and safety and economic benefit. Responses were compared across neighborhoods using chi-square tests for multiple comparisons. Survey results were compared to census and police data. Results. Residents in neighborhoods with the large-scale economic developments reported more casino-specific and arena-specific economic benefits. However, 42% of participants in the neighborhood with the entertainment arena felt there was an increase in crime, and 29% of respondents from the neighborhood with the casino felt there was an increase. In contrast, crime decreased in both neighborhoods. Conclusions. Large-scale economic developments have a direct influence on the perception of violence, despite actual violence rates. PMID:26273310

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

David Brien

The Forest County Potawatomi Community (FCPC or Tribe) owns a six-story parking facility adjacent to its Potawatomi Bingo Casino (the Casino) in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, as well as a valet parking facility under the Casino (collectively, the Parking Facility). The Parking Facility contained 205-watt metal halide-type lights that, for security reasons, operated 24 hours per day, 7 days per week. Starting on August 30, 2010, the Tribe replaced these fixtures with 1,760 state-of-the-art, energy efficient 55-Watt LED lights. This project resulted in an immediate average reduction in monthly peak demand of 238 kW over the fourth quarter of 2010. The averagemore » reduction in monthly peak demand from October 1 through December 31, 2010 translates into a forecast annual electrical energy reduction of approximately 1,995,000 kWh or 47.3% of the pre-project demand. This project was technically effective, economically feasible, and beneficial to the public not only in terms of long term energy efficiency and associated emissions reductions, but also in the short-term jobs provided for the S.E. Wisconsin region. The project was implemented, from approval by U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to completion, in less than 6 months. The project utilized off-the-shelf proven technologies that were fabricated locally and installed by local trade contractors.« less

Chasing losses in online poker and casino games: characteristics and game play of Internet gamblers at risk of disordered gambling.

PubMed

Gainsbury, Sally M; Suhonen, Niko; Saastamoinen, Jani

2014-07-30

Disordered Internet gambling is a psychological disorder that represents an important public health issue due to the increase in highly available and conveniently accessible Internet gambling sites. Chasing losses is one of the few observable markers of at-risk and problem gambling that may be used to detect early signs of disordered Internet gambling. This study examined loss chasing behaviour in a sample of Internet casino and poker players and the socio-demographic variables, irrational beliefs, and gambling behaviours associated with chasing losses. An online survey was completed by 10,838 Internet gamblers (58% male) from 96 countries. The results showed that Internet casino players had a greater tendency to report chasing losses than poker players and gamblers who reported chasing losses were more likely to hold irrational beliefs about gambling and spend more time and money gambling than those who reported that they were unaffected by previous losses. Gamblers who played for excitement and to win money were more likely to report chasing losses. This study is one of the largest ever studies of Internet gamblers and the results are highly significant as they provide insight into the characteristics and behaviours of gamblers using this mode of access. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Geriatric gambling disorder: challenges in clinical assessment.

PubMed

Smith, Mara; Hategan, Ana; Bourgeois, James A

2017-12-01

To the Editor: The gaming industry is growing rapidly, as is the proportion of older adults aged 65 years or older who participate in gambling (Tse et al., 2012). With casinos tailoring their venues and providing incentives to attract older adults, and with the increasing popularity of "pleasure trips" to casinos organized by retirement homes, plus active promotion of government-operated lotteries in many countries, this trend is likely to continue. Gambling disorder (GD) or "pathological" or "problem" gambling presents a public health concern in the geriatric population. However, ascertainment of its prevalence and diagnostic accuracy have proven challenging. This is largely due to the absence of diagnostic criteria specific to the geriatric age and rating scales validated for use in this population.

Identifying X-consumers using causal recipes: "whales" and "jumbo shrimps" casino gamblers.

PubMed

Woodside, Arch G; Zhang, Mann

2012-03-01

X-consumers are the extremely frequent (top 2-3%) users who typically consume 25% of a product category. This article shows how to use fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to provide "causal recipes" sufficient for profiling X-consumers accurately. The study extends Dik Twedt's "heavy-half" product users for building theory and strategies to nurture or control X-behavior. The study here applies QCA to offer configurations that are sufficient in identifying "whales" and "jumbo shrimps" among X-casino gamblers. The findings support the principle that not all X-consumers are alike. The theory and method are applicable for identifying the degree of consistency and coverage of alternative X-consumers among users of all product-service category and brands.

Cool's Clams Casino

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cobey, Paul; Williams, David E.

1977-01-01

A mathematical game that reinforces basic multiplication facts, strengthens concepts of factors and multiples, and also provides arithmetic drill is described. Four variations of the game are also provided. (JT)

14 CFR 212.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... that terminates in the carrier's home country having originated in another country. Gambling junket... to transport passengers to the casino, hotel, or cruise ship where gambling facilities are available...

14 CFR 212.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... that terminates in the carrier's home country having originated in another country. Gambling junket... to transport passengers to the casino, hotel, or cruise ship where gambling facilities are available...

14 CFR 212.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... that terminates in the carrier's home country having originated in another country. Gambling junket... to transport passengers to the casino, hotel, or cruise ship where gambling facilities are available...

Problem gambling among international and domestic university students in Australia: who is at risk?

PubMed

Moore, Susan M; Thomas, Anna C; Kalé, Sudhir; Spence, Mark; Zlatevska, Natalina; Staiger, Petra K; Graffam, Joseph; Kyrios, Michael

2013-06-01

Young people are a high risk group for gambling problems and university (college) students fall into that category. Given the high accessibility of gambling in Australia and its association with entertainment, students from overseas countries, particularly those where gambling is restricted or illegal, may be particularly vulnerable. This study examines problem gambling and its correlates among international and domestic university students using a sample of 836 domestic students (286 males; 546 females); and 764 international students (369 males; 396 females) at three Australian universities. Our findings indicate that although most students gamble infrequently, around 5 % of students are problem gamblers, a proportion higher than that in the general adult population. Popular gambling choices include games known to be associated with risk (cards, horse races, sports betting, casino games, and gaming machines) as well as lotto/scratch tickets. Males are more likely to be problem gamblers than females, and almost 10 % of male international students could be classified as problem gamblers. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that male gender, international student status, financial stress, negative affect and frequency of gambling on sports, horses/dogs, table games, casino gaming machines, internet casino games and bingo all significantly predicted problem gambling. Results from this study could inform gambling-education programs in universities as they indicate which groups are more vulnerable and specify which games pose more risk of problem gambling.

Public Stigma Across Addictive Behaviors: Casino Gambling, eSports Gambling, and Internet Gaming.

PubMed

Peter, Samuel C; Li, Qian; Pfund, Rory A; Whelan, James P; Meyers, Andrew W

2018-04-07

The negative psychological effects of public stigma on disordered gamblers have been well documented. Public stigma deters treatment-seeking and other help-seeking behaviors, and negatively impacts individuals' view of themselves. Different types of disordered gambling activities may attract different degrees of stigma. One increasingly popular form of gambling involves placing bets on the outcomes of competitive video games, also called eSports gambling. This activity shares characteristics with Internet gaming and gambling. The purpose of this study was to compare the degree of public stigma held towards traditional casino gamblers, eSports gamblers, and Internet gamers, as compared to an individual experiencing comparable levels of impairment and distress due to a financial crisis. Using an experimental between-groups vignette study design, we found that all three types of behavioral addictions were more heavily stigmatized than the control condition. The three behavioral addictions were seen as being highly controllable, engendered a significant amount of anger and blame, and resulted in higher levels of desired social distance. Traditional casino gamblers were seen as significantly more dangerous to be around and created a higher level of desired social distance than the Internet gamer. Differences between the Internet gamer and eSports better were less pronounced. These findings underscore the importance of reducing public stigma for gambling and other behavioral addictions, and provide information that can be used when developing interventions to impact stigma.

Greening Existing Tribal Buildings

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Guidance about improving sustainability in existing tribal casinos and manufactured homes. Many steps can be taken to make existing buildings greener and healthier. They may also reduce utility and medical costs.

Implications of American Indian gambling for social work research and practice.

PubMed

Momper, Sandra L

2010-04-01

Since the 1988 passage of the Indian Gaming and Regulatory Act (IGRA), American Indian tribal communities have rapidly opened up casinos. American Indian participation in recreational gambling has increased, resulting in an increase in problem and pathological gambling. However, increased revenues from gaming have significantly benefited tribes. Background information on the Supreme Court case that led to passage of the IGRA and subsequently the opening of casinos on Indian reservations is provided. Data are presented on American Indian gambling studies that explore the impact of gambling on the development of problem or pathological gambling among American Indians. Reports and data are presented on the effects of gambling on the socioeconomic development of tribal communities. The implications of American Indian gaming for social work research and practice are discussed.

Assessing the Feasibility of Comprehensive Energy Efficiency Upgrades at Potawatomi Carter Casino Hotel

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Karman, Nathan A.

The Forest County Potawatomi Community, a federally-recognized Indian Tribe with a strong commitment to the natural environment, sought and obtained funding to investigate energy efficient improvements to its Potawatomi Carter Casino & Hotel and the adjacent Potawatomi Carter C-Store and Smoke Shop. The resulting energy studies recommended energy conservation measures that would collectively reduce energy use by more than 30% at the facilities and would save approximately $200,000 per year in energy costs. Consistent with its commitment to the natural environment, and to advance its goal of energy independence using Carbon free or Carbon neutral renewable resources, the Community hasmore » already begun implementing certain measures and continues to seek funding sources necessary to implement the remaining measures.« less

Jobs in Legal Gambling: A New Giant of an Old Industry.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mariani, Matthew

1996-01-01

Provides occupational information about the gambling industry. Looks at parimutuel wagering, casino jobs, and state lotteries. Includes information on wages and the future of gambling employment. (JOW)

CDC Vital Signs: Secondhand Smoke

MedlinePlus

... Indoor areas of all public places such as restaurants, bars, casinos, and other private worksites. Multiunit housing ... indoor smoking in worksites and public places, including restaurants and bars. Most people have adopted smokefree rules ...

5 CFR 532.221 - Industries included in regular nonappropriated fund surveys.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Vending machine operators. 71391 Golf courses and country clubs. 71395 Bowling centers. 72111 Hotels (except casino hotels) and motels. 7221 Full-service restaurants. 7222 Limited-service eating places. 7224...

31 CFR 1021.210 - Anti-money laundering program requirements for casinos.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... and Finance (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR... to determine: (A) When required by this chapter, the name, address, social security number, and other...

5 CFR 532.221 - Industries included in regular nonappropriated fund surveys.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Vending machine operators. 71391 Golf courses and country clubs. 71395 Bowling centers. 72111 Hotels (except casino hotels) and motels. 7221 Full-service restaurants. 7222 Limited-service eating places. 7224...

An examination of factors driving chinese gamblers' fallacy bias.

PubMed

Fong, Lawrence Hoc Nang; Law, Rob; Lam, Desmond

2014-09-01

Gambling is a leisure activity, which is enjoyed by many people around the world. Among these people, Chinese are known for their high propensity to gamble and are highly sought after by many casinos. In this exploratory study, the effect of two types of fallacy bias-positive recency and negative recency-on the betting behavior of Chinese gamblers is investigated. Although the influence of fallacy bias on a betting decision is well documented, little is known about the interaction of the factors that dictate fallacy bias. Drawing from an analysis of 2,645 betting decisions, the results show that Chinese gamblers primarily endorse positive recency, especially when the latest outcome is more frequent. This is contrary to most findings on Western subjects in which negative recency is more common. Current findings have meaningful implications to casino gaming entertainment businesses and public policymakers.

Longitudinal patterns of gambling activities and associated risk factors in college students

PubMed Central

Goudriaan, Anna E.; Slutske, Wendy S.; Krull, Jennifer L.; Sher, Kenneth J.

2009-01-01

Aims To investigate which clusters of gambling activities exist within a longitudinal study of college health, how membership in gambling clusters change over time and whether particular clusters of gambling are associated with unhealthy risk behaviour. Design Four-year longitudinal study (2002–2006). Setting Large, public university. Participants Undergraduate college students. Measurements Ten common gambling activities were measured during 4 consecutive college years (years 1–4). Clusters of gambling activities were examined using latent class analyses. Relations between gambling clusters and gender, Greek membership, alcohol use, drug use, personality indicators of behavioural undercontrol and psychological distress were examined. Findings Four latent gambling classes were identified: (1) a low-gambling class, (2) a card gambling class, (3) a casino/slots gambling class and (4) an extensive gambling class. Over the first college years a high probability of transitioning from the low-gambling class and the card gambling class into the casino/slots gambling class was present. Membership in the card, casino/slots and extensive gambling classes were associated with higher scores on alcohol/drug use, novelty seeking and self-identified gambling problems compared to the low-gambling class. The extensive gambling class scored higher than the other gambling classes on risk factors. Conclusions Extensive gamblers and card gamblers are at higher risk for problem gambling and other risky health behaviours. Prospective examinations of class membership suggested that being in the extensive and the low gambling classes was highly stable across the 4 years of college. PMID:19438422

78 FR 50416 - Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc., and Ameristar Casinos, Inc.; Analysis of Agreement Containing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-19

.... In Lake Charles, Ameristar's Mojito Pointe will be located directly adjacent to Pinnacle's existing... maintain the premerger competition between Lumi[egrave]re and Ameristar St. Charles and [[Page 50419

78 FR 9015 - Osage Negotiated Rulemaking Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-07

... 14, 2013, from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. ADDRESSES: February Meeting: Wah Zha Zhi Cultural Center, 1449 W. Main, Pawhuska, Oklahoma 74056; March Meeting: Osage Casino Event Center, 951 W. 36 Street North, Tulsa...

31 CFR 1021.620 - Due diligence programs for private banking accounts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.620 Due diligence programs for private banking accounts. (a) Refer to § 1010.620 of this...

31 CFR 1021.620 - Due diligence programs for private banking accounts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.620 Due diligence programs for private banking accounts. (a) Refer to § 1010.620 of this...

31 CFR 1021.620 - Due diligence programs for private banking accounts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.620 Due diligence programs for private banking accounts. (a) Refer to § 1010.620 of this...

31 CFR 1021.620 - Due diligence programs for private banking accounts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... CARD CLUBS Special Standards of Diligence; Prohibitions; and Special Measures for Casinos and Card Clubs § 1021.620 Due diligence programs for private banking accounts. (a) Refer to § 1010.620 of this...

Gambling, Casinos, and Game Simulation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heiny, Robert L.

1981-01-01

The objectives, content, and intent of an undergraduate mathematics course at the University of Northern California. The course focuses on gambling and bets, with the focus of ideas on probability, expected value, computers, and the mathematics of finance. (MP)

Response-Induced Reversals of Preference in Gambling: An Extended Replication in Las Vegas

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lichtenstein, Sarah; Slovic, Paul

1973-01-01

The present report describes an expanded replication of the previous experiments in a nonlaboratory real-play setting unique to the experimental literature on decision processes - a casino in downtown Las Vegas. (Author)

Evaluating the economic impact of casino liberalization in Macao.

PubMed

Zheng, Victor; Hung, Eva P W

2012-09-01

This paper aims to evaluate the economic impact after Macao decided to liberalize its gaming industry. By analysing both objective data of official statistics and subjective data of the perceptions of quality of life, we painted a picture of mixed blessings. Although objective indicators showed strong economic growth in terms of a rise in per capita GDP and public revenue as well as a decline in unemployment rate, subjective indicators revealed that local residents were less than optimistic about their own employment outlook and did not perceive any improvement in their overall economic situation. While casino liberalization brought forth tremendous economic gain, the general population did not subjectively feel the benefits. An integrative analysis of both objective and subjective indicators would therefore allow us to look closer how residents' lives in the micro-level could have been adversely affected by the prosperous economic outlook at the macro-level.

Who Pays to Play Freemium Games? The Profiles and Motivations of Players Who Make Purchases Within Social Casino Games

PubMed Central

Gainsbury, Sally M.; King, Daniel L.; Russell, Alex M. T.; Delfabbro, Paul

2016-01-01

Background and aims Social casino games (SCGs) feature gambling themes and are typically free to download and play with optional in-game purchases. Although few players spend money, this is sufficient to make them profitable for game developers. Little is known about the profile and motivations of paying players as compared to non-paying players. Methods This study compared the characteristics of 521 paying and non-paying Australian social casino game players who completed an online survey. Results Paying players were more likely to be younger, male, speak a non-English language, and have a university education than non-payers. Paying players were more likely to be more highly involved in SCG in terms of play frequency and engagement with games and emphasized social interaction more strongly as a motivation for playing. A cluster analysis revealed distinct subgroups of paying players; these included more frequent moderate spenders who made purchases to avoid waiting for credits and to give gifts to friends as well as less frequent high spenders who made purchases to increase the entertainment value of the game. Discussion These findings suggest that paying players have some fundamental differences from non-paying players and high spenders are trying to maximize their enjoyment, while non-spenders are content with the game content they access. Conclusions Given the structural similarities between SCG and online gambling, understanding subgroups of players may have broader implications, including identifying characteristics of gamers who may also engage in gambling and players who may develop problems related to excessive online gaming. PMID:27306146

Who Pays to Play Freemium Games? The Profiles and Motivations of Players Who Make Purchases Within Social Casino Games.

PubMed

Gainsbury, Sally M; King, Daniel L; Russell, Alex M T; Delfabbro, Paul

2016-06-01

Background and aims Social casino games (SCGs) feature gambling themes and are typically free to download and play with optional in-game purchases. Although few players spend money, this is sufficient to make them profitable for game developers. Little is known about the profile and motivations of paying players as compared to non-paying players. Methods This study compared the characteristics of 521 paying and non-paying Australian social casino game players who completed an online survey. Results Paying players were more likely to be younger, male, speak a non-English language, and have a university education than non-payers. Paying players were more likely to be more highly involved in SCG in terms of play frequency and engagement with games and emphasized social interaction more strongly as a motivation for playing. A cluster analysis revealed distinct subgroups of paying players; these included more frequent moderate spenders who made purchases to avoid waiting for credits and to give gifts to friends as well as less frequent high spenders who made purchases to increase the entertainment value of the game. Discussion These findings suggest that paying players have some fundamental differences from non-paying players and high spenders are trying to maximize their enjoyment, while non-spenders are content with the game content they access. Conclusions Given the structural similarities between SCG and online gambling, understanding subgroups of players may have broader implications, including identifying characteristics of gamers who may also engage in gambling and players who may develop problems related to excessive online gaming.

A national study of neighbourhood access to gambling opportunities and individual gambling behaviour.

PubMed

Pearce, J; Mason, K; Hiscock, R; Day, P

2008-10-01

To investigate associations between neighbourhood accessibility to gambling outlets (non-casino gaming machine locations, sports betting venues and casinos) and individual gambling behaviour in New Zealand. A Geographical Information Systems (GIS) measure of neighbourhood access to gambling venues. Two-level logistic regression models were fitted to examine the effects of neighbourhood access on individual gambling behaviour after controlling for potential individual- and neighbourhood-level confounding factors. 38,350 neighbourhoods across New Zealand. 12,529 respondents of the 2002/03 New Zealand Health Survey. Compared with those living in the quartile of neighbourhoods with the furthest access to a gambling venue, residents living in the quartile of neighbourhoods with the closest access were more likely (adjusted for age, sex, socio-economic status at the individual-level and deprivation, urban/rural status at the neighbourhood-level) to be a gambler (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.15) or problem gambler (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.03 to 7.05). When examined independently, neighbourhood access to venues with non-casino gaming machines (gambling: OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.18; problem gambling: OR 2.71, 95% CI 1.45 to 5.07) and sports betting venues (gambling: OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.18; problem gambling: OR 2.71, 95% CI 1.45 to 5.07) were similarly related. Neighbourhood access to opportunities for gambling is related to gambling and problem gambling behaviour, and contributes substantially to neighbourhood inequalities in gambling over and above-individual level characteristics.

75 FR 49513 - Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Ione Band of Miwok Indians 228.04-Acre Fee-to-Trust...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-13

... facility would include a casino floor, food and beverage areas (consisting of a buffet, specialty..., visual resources, cumulative effects, indirect effects, and mitigation measures. The BIA has afforded...

46 CFR 116.438 - Stairtowers, stairways, ladders, and elevators.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

.... (1) Stairways, stairtowers, ladders, elevators, and landings must be designed with sufficient... accommodation spaces: Designed capacity; (ii) Accommodation spaces having fixed seating for passengers: Maximum seating capacity; (iii) Public spaces, including spaces such as casinos, restaurants, club rooms, and...

NPDES Permit for Dakota Magic Casino Wastewater Treatment Facility in North Dakota

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Under NPDES permit ND-0030813, the Dakota Nation Gaming Enterprise is authorized to discharge from the wastewater treatment facility in Richland County, North Dakota, to a roadside ditch flowing to an unnamed tributary to the Bois de Sioux.

Gambling Participation, Expenditure and Risk of Harm in Australia, 1997-1998 and 2010-2011.

PubMed

Armstrong, Andrew Richard; Thomas, Anna; Abbott, Max

2018-03-01

Gambling-related harm results primarily from financial losses. Internationally Australia continues to rank as the largest spending nation per capita on gambling products. This would suggest that Australian gamblers are at disproportionately high risk of harm despite almost two decades of industry scrutiny and regulation, and investment in research, treatment and education programs. However, declines in participation rates, per capita expenditure, household expenditure, national disposable income spent on gambling and problem gambling rates have been cited as evidence that fewer people are gambling, that gamblers are spending less, and that gambling safety in Australia has improved. The current study investigated these propositions using national population and accounts data, and statistics from Australia's two population-representative gambling surveys conducted in 1997-1998 and 2010-2011. Despite a falling participation rate the study found no real change in the number of people gambling overall, and increasing numbers consuming casino table games, race wagering and sports betting. Further found were increases rather than decreases in average gambler expenditure, overall, and across most products, particularly electronic gaming machines (EGMs). Potentially risky levels of average expenditure were observed in both periods, overall and for race wagering, casino table gaming, and EGMs. Changes in the proportion of income spent on gambling suggest risks declined overall and for race wagering and casino table gaming, but increased for EGMs. Finally, while problem gambling statistics were not comparable between periods, the study found double the number of moderate risk gamblers previously estimated for 2010-2011 amongst the 2 million Australians found to have experienced one or more gambling-related problems. The findings have implications for public health policy and resourcing, and the way in which prevalence and expenditure statistics have been interpreted by researchers, government and industry in Australia and elsewhere.

Already at the Table: Patterns of Play and Gambling Involvement Prior to Gambling Expansion.

PubMed

Nelson, Sarah E; LaPlante, Debi A; Gray, Heather M; Tom, Matthew A; Kleschinsky, John H; Shaffer, Howard J

2018-03-01

During 2011, the Governor of Massachusetts signed a bill to allow casino gambling in the state (Commonwealth of Massachusetts 2011). As a result, two resort casinos will begin operations during 2018 and 2019; a smaller slots parlor began operations during June 2015. Prior to this expansion, gambling was widely available in Massachusetts, through the state lottery, off-track betting, and gambling opportunities available in neighboring states. Within this context, it is important to understand the patterns of gambling involvement in the population prior to gambling expansion. The current study examined gambling involvement, patterns of play, and gambling-related problems prior to gambling expansion among a sample of 511 Massachusetts residents who were members of a statewide Internet panel. To measure patterns of play, we asked questions about past-year games played and frequency of play. To measure breadth of involvement, we assessed the number of different games played. To measure depth of involvement, we measured time spent gambling, amount wagered, and amount won or lost. Principal component analysis revealed four play pattern components accounting for more than 50% of the variance in game play frequency. Multiple regression analyses revealed that component scores composed of casino gambling and skill-based gambling (e.g., poker, sports) variables uniquely contributed to the prediction of gambling-related problems, even when depth of involvement was controlled. However, the addition of breadth of involvement to the model resulted in a model where no set of variables contributed significantly, suggesting a complex relationship among play patterns, depth, and breadth of involvement. The study established discrete and distinguishable gambling play patterns associated with gambling-related problems and identified groups of individuals potentially vulnerable to the effects of gambling expansion.

78 FR 48043 - Safety Zone; AVI Resort and Casino Labor Day Fireworks Display; Colorado River

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-07

... the Local Notice to Mariners and local advertising by the event sponsor. If the Captain of the Port... need not be enforced for the full duration stated on this notice, he or she may use a Broadcast Notice...

31 CFR 1021.100 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Definitions. 1021.100 Section 1021.100 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Definitions § 1021.100...

31 CFR 1021.100 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Definitions. 1021.100 Section 1021.100 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Definitions § 1021.100...

31 CFR 1021.100 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Definitions. 1021.100 Section 1021.100 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Definitions § 1021.100...

31 CFR 1021.100 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Definitions. 1021.100 Section 1021.100 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY RULES FOR CASINOS AND CARD CLUBS Definitions § 1021.100...

What Is School Enterprise?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Daniel J.

1995-01-01

A survey of administrators and teachers in 20 British Columbia school districts that had experienced substantial reductions in public funding examined efforts to raise additional funds from private sources. Activities included casinos (bingo), requests for donations, sales of goods to the community, grant writing, and entrepreneurial efforts.…

77 FR 70545 - Financial Crimes Enforcement Network; Proposed Collection; Comment Request; Renewal without...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-26

...-intelligence activities, to protect against international terrorism, and to implement anti-money laundering... Institutions), 1506-0006 (Casinos and Card Clubs), 1506-0015 (Money Services Business), 1506-0019 (Securities..., Depository Institutions, Future Commission Merchants, Insurance Companies, Money Services Businesses, Mutual...

5 CFR 532.221 - Industries included in regular nonappropriated fund surveys.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PREVAILING RATE SYSTEMS Prevailing Rate Determinations § 532.221 Industries... Vending machine operators. 71391 Golf courses and country clubs. 71395 Bowling centers. 72111 Hotels (except casino hotels) and motels. 7221 Full-service restaurants. 7222 Limited-service eating places. 7224...

5 CFR 532.221 - Industries included in regular nonappropriated fund surveys.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PREVAILING RATE SYSTEMS Prevailing Rate Determinations § 532.221 Industries... Vending machine operators. 71391 Golf courses and country clubs. 71395 Bowling centers. 72111 Hotels (except casino hotels) and motels. 7221 Full-service restaurants. 7222 Limited-service eating places. 7224...

Quantum Monte Carlo studies of solvated systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schwarz, Kathleen; Letchworth Weaver, Kendra; Arias, T. A.; Hennig, Richard G.

2011-03-01

Solvation qualitatively alters the energetics of diverse processes from protein folding to reactions on catalytic surfaces. An explicit description of the solvent in quantum-mechanical calculations requires both a large number of electrons and exploration of a large number of configurations in the phase space of the solvent. These problems can be circumvented by including the effects of solvent through a rigorous classical density-functional description of the liquid environment, thereby yielding free energies and thermodynamic averages directly, while eliminating the need for explicit consideration of the solvent electrons. We have implemented and tested this approach within the CASINO Quantum Monte Carlo code. Our method is suitable for calculations in any basis within CASINO, including b-spline and plane wave trial wavefunctions, and is equally applicable to molecules, surfaces, and crystals. For our preliminary test calculations, we use a simplified description of the solvent in terms of an isodensity continuum dielectric solvation approach, though the method is fully compatible with more reliable descriptions of the solvent we shall employ in the future.

Geokinetic environment investigations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hartnett, E. B.; Carleen, E. D.; Blaney, J. I.

1981-03-01

This report covers the development and implementation of special concepts, techniques and instrumentation for the collection, analysis and application of geokinetic data. The Geokinetic Data Acquisition System (GDAS) was modified, maintained and operationally deployed to various sites designated by AFGL. Tests were conducted at the Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) CASINO Facility in Maryland; Central Inertial Guidance Test Facility (CIGTF), Holloman AFB, N.M.; Space Transportation System (STS) Launch Complex, Vandenberg AFB, Ca. and the SAC Wing V Minuteman Complex at Cheyenne, Wy. The CASINO data contributed to SAMSO's MX/TGG Advanced Development Bridge II Program for radiation hardening of third generation hardware. The CIGTF investigation supported USAF requirements for highly precise azimuth reference. The Hill AFB the performance of a minuteman III missile guidance system in an engineering silo. The STS program at Vandenberg AFB was to assist in determining the nature of a Titan III-D pressure load. The SAC Wing V deployment was to investigate plateau/valley basin geologic characteristics in respect to motion response.

76 FR 18457 - Regulatory Review Schedule; Tribal Consultation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-04

..., ND...... 2, 3, 4, 5 International Powwow. Sept. 15-16, 2011 National Tribal Gaming Chuckchansi Gold... light of the decision in the Colorado River Indian Tribes v. National Indian Gaming Commission. Some... Powwow. Sept. 15-16, 2011 National Tribal Gaming Chuckchansi Gold Resort & Casino, Coarsegold, CA...

Casino physics in the classroom

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Whitney, Charles A.

1986-12-01

This article describes a seminar on the elements of probability and random processes that is computer centered and focuses on Monte Carlo simulations of processes such as coin flips, random walks on a lattice, and the behavior of photons and atoms in a gas. Representative computer programs are also described.

Neutron Detection Using Gadolinium-Based Diodes

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-01

electronic device in use today [10]. A semiconductor material that has an excess of acceptor dopants , typically from column III of the periodic table...strontium-90 or cobalt -57 [3]. The results from the CASINO modeling effort indicate that a very small percentage of the IC electrons would fully

Optimal Keno Strategies and the Central Limit Theorem

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Roger W.

2006-01-01

For the casino game Keno we determine optimal playing strategies. To decide such optimal strategies, both exact (hypergeometric) and approximate probability calculations are used. The approximate calculations are obtained via the Central Limit Theorem and simulation, and an important lesson about the application of the Central Limit Theorem is…

Implications of American Indian Gambling for Social Work Research and Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Momper, Sandra L.

2010-01-01

Since the 1988 passage of the Indian Gaming and Regulatory Act (IGRA), American Indian tribal communities have rapidly opened up casinos. American Indian participation in recreational gambling has increased, resulting in an increase in problem and pathological gambling. However, increased revenues from gaming have significantly benefited tribes.…

What Is the Problem to Which the Answer was Public Law 83-280: How is it Working Out and What Should We Do Next?

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-01

Improvement Program to rehabilitate senior’s homes to acceptable standards including; roofing, handicap accessibility, and septic systems. The...buildings, highways, hospitals, waste management sites, shelters, reservoirs/water tanks , historical sites, emergency operations centers, casinos

75 FR 3967 - Bank Secrecy Act Advisory Group; Solicitation of Application for Membership

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-25

... INFORMATION: The Annunzio-Wylie Anti-Money Laundering Act of 1992 required the Secretary of the Treasury to...--Banking (1 vacancy) Industry Trade Groups--Casino (1 vacancy) Industry Trade Groups--Money Services... Groups--State (1 vacancy) Industry Representatives--Banking (3 vacancies) Industry Representatives--Money...

A Competency-Based Program for Electronic Gaming Equipment Repair.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hardman, James R.

This program is designed to provide entry-level training to individuals (especially workers displaced from industry) who desire employment as "slot technicians" in the casino industry. The 96-hour course includes both classroom instruction and hands-on experience. Sources for direct purchase of required manuals are provided. The 13…

31 CFR 103.36 - Additional records to be made and retained by casinos.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... and maintain a record of the name, permanent address, and social security number of the person... secure the name, permanent address, and social security number of each person having a financial interest... to secure the required social security number, it shall not be deemed to be in violation of this...

Delay Discounting of Self-Determined and Experimenter-Determined Commodities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weatherly, Jeffrey N.; Gudding, Jennifer; Derenne, Adam

2010-01-01

Research suggests that individuals prefer self-determined reinforcers over experimenter-determined ones. The present study had 518 college students complete a delay-discounting task in which the commodity was cigarettes, a grocery store gift card, casino tokens, cash, or the choice of the four. The least amount of delay discounting was observed…

Can "CANISO" Activate "CASINO"? Transposed-Letter Similarity Effects with Nonadjacent Letter Positions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perea, Manuel; Lupker, Stephen J.

2004-01-01

Nonwords created by transposing two "adjacent" letters (i.e., transposed-letter (TL) nonwords like "jugde") are very effective at activating the lexical representation of their base words. This fact poses problems for most computational models of word recognition (e.g., the interactive-activation model and its extensions), which assume that exact…

Space charge effect in the spiral inflector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Toprek, Dragan

2000-10-01

This paper presents the analytical and numerical theory of the space charge effects in the beam in the spiral inflector. It considers a simplified model of a "straight" cylindrical beam by using a uniform particle distribution. Numerical results represented in this paper are obtained by using a modified version of the program CASINO.

A Comparative Analysis of Indian Gaming in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ackerman, William V.; Bunch, Rick L.

2012-01-01

Previous research on Indian gaming in South Dakota discovered very restrictive and unfavorable tribal-state compacts that appear to border on economic racism. This article expands this previous research by exploring the influence of tribal-state Indian gaming compacts for the Indian casinos located in the contiguous United States. The purpose is…

78 FR 71639 - Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Soboba Band of Luiseno Indians' Proposed 534-Acre...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-29

... Action also includes the development of a 300-room hotel, casino, restaurants, retail establishments, a... addressed within the FEIS included land resources, water resources, air quality, biological resources..., Chief of the Division of Environmental, Cultural Resources Management and Safety, at the address listed...

Project ESL/Careers Curriculum. Final Report 1983-1984.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Atlantic Community Coll., Mays Landing, NJ.

This curriculum guide was developed at Atlantic Community College as part of a program to facilitate the training of persons with limited English-speaking ability for jobs, especially jobs in Atlantic City casinos. The project aimed to teach job skills and life coping skills along with English. The curriculum guide contains 10 units. Approximately…

78 FR 53785 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission to OMB for Reinstatement, With Change, of a...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-30

..., insurance companies, mutual funds, money services businesses, and casinos currently filed reports on four... futures; money services businesses (money transmitters; issuers and sellers of money orders and travelers.... Money laundering--a. Exchanges small bills for large bills or vice versa; b. Suspicion concerning the...

A Career that is Playing to Win

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reese, Susan

2006-01-01

As the gaming industry has expanded throughout the United States, job opportunities have grown along with revenue. Holly Thomsen with the American Gaming Association says that, not only has the casino part of the hospitality business grown dramatically, but it encompasses so much--hotels, restaurants, the gaming floor and the shows. He also states…

A Winning Bet

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boulard, Garry

2011-01-01

Indian gaming has proven to be a very good thing for all students in Oklahoma, but particularly tribal college students. It also has proven to be remarkably popular, even in the face of the national recession. The Creek Nation operates several casinos in the state, the main one being the River Spirit in Tulsa. The performance of any gaming varies…

77 FR 51558 - Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Pokagon Band...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-24

... Impact Statement for the Proposed Pokagon Band Tribal Village Fee-to-Trust Acquisition and Casino Project..., return address and the caption specifying ``Scoping Comments for Proposed Pokagon Band Tribal Village... Village, which will include 44 housing units, a multi-purpose facility, health service and other tribal...

75 FR 29427 - Safety Zone; AVI May Fireworks Display, Laughlin, NV

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-26

...-AA00 Safety Zone; AVI May Fireworks Display, Laughlin, NV AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary... Colorado River, Laughlin, NV, in support of a fireworks display near the AVI Resort and Casino. This safety... Fireworks Display; Laughlin, Nevada, NV in the Federal Register (75 FR 9370). We received 0 comments on the...

78 FR 74048 - Eleventh Coast Guard District Annual Fireworks Events

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-10

.... The first proposed safety zone is for the ``Big Bay Boom Fourth of July Fireworks'' event occurring one evening during the first week of July in San Diego Bay. This event requires four 1,000 foot radius... events. The first proposed safety zone is for the ``Colorado Belle & Edgewater Hotel/Casino Thanksgiving...

Unrigging the Schools. One Approach to Improving Discipline.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howard, Eugene R.

Many factors that contribute to a negative school climate also cause discipline problems. Our schools are "rigged," like gambling casinos, in that they must produce a certain percentage of losers. The present school system, in performing its screening role for society, demands that some fail. Students today are aware of this rigging and the…

Reno: Your Best Bet

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aas, Anne

2007-01-01

This article features Reno located in Nevada. Beyond the glamour and glitz of the casinos, Reno has much to offer visiting tourists. It claims to be "The Biggest Little City in the World," an apt name because, while Reno has the amenities of a larger city, it also offers the friendliness and convenience of a small town. Reno offers…

75 FR 19250 - Safety Zone; BWRC Spring Classic, Parker, AZ

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-14

...-AA00 Safety Zone; BWRC Spring Classic, Parker, AZ AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final... Spring Classic. This temporary safety zone is necessary to provide for the safety of the participants... Water Resort and Casino Spring Classic, which is held on the Lake Moolvalya region on the Colorado River...

Learning from Foxwoods: Visualizing the Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anthes, Bill

2008-01-01

Since the passage in 1988 of the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, which recognized the authority of Native American tribal groups to operate gaming facilities free from state and federal oversight and taxation, gambling has emerged as a major industry in Indian Country. Casinos offer poverty-stricken reservation communities confined to meager slices…

Advancing smoke-free policy adoption on the Navajo Nation.

PubMed

Nez Henderson, Patricia; Roeseler, April; Moor, Gregg; Clark, Hershel W; Yazzie, Alfred; Nez, Priscilla; Nez, Chantal; Sabo, Samantha; Leischow, Scott J

2016-10-01

Comprehensive smoke-free laws are effective at protecting non-smokers and reducing tobacco use, yet they are not widely adopted by tribal governments. A series of smoke-free policy initiatives on the Navajo Nation, beginning in 2008, were reviewed to identify key issues, successes and setbacks. It has been essential that proposed policies acknowledge the Navajo people's spiritual use of nát'oh, a sacred plant used for gift-giving, medicinal purposes and traditional ceremonies, while simultaneously discouraging a secular use of commercial tobacco. Concern that smoke-free policies economically harm tribal casinos has been a major barrier to broad implementation of comprehensive smoke-free laws in Navajo Nation. It is necessary for tobacco control researchers and advocates to build relationships with tribal leaders and casino management in order to develop the business case that will take comprehensive smoke-free policies to scale throughout tribal lands. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

Differences in characteristics of Asian American and white problem gamblers calling a gambling helpline.

PubMed

Barry, Declan T; Steinberg, Marvin A; Wu, Ran; Potenza, Marc N

2009-02-01

The characteristics of Asian American and white problem gamblers using a gambling helpline were examined to identify race-related differences. Logistic regression analyses were conducted on data obtained from callers to a gambling helpline serving southern New England in 2000-2003, inclusive. Of the 144 phone calls used in the analyses, 72 were from Asian American callers and 72 were from white callers who were matched on gender, education, income, marital/cohabitation status, and age. Race-related differences were observed in forms of gambling problems, psychiatric problems secondary to gambling, substance use problems, and family history. Asian American gamblers were more likely to report suicide attempts related to gambling and problems with non-strategic gambling. White gamblers were more likely to report both casino and non-casino gambling problems and personal and familial alcohol use problems. High proportions of both groups reported problems with strategic gambling, gambling-related anxiety, family and financial problems secondary to gambling, financial debt, daily tobacco use, and a family history of problem gambling. Race-related differences should be considered in optimizing prevention and treatment strategies related to problem gambling.

31 CFR 1021.410 - Additional records to be made and retained by casinos.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... name, permanent address, and social security number of the person involved. Where the deposit, account..., and social security number of each person having a financial interest in the deposit, account or line... been unable to secure the required social security number, it shall not be deemed to be in violation of...

31 CFR 1021.410 - Additional records to be made and retained by casinos.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... name, permanent address, and social security number of the person involved. Where the deposit, account..., and social security number of each person having a financial interest in the deposit, account or line... been unable to secure the required social security number, it shall not be deemed to be in violation of...

31 CFR 1021.410 - Additional records to be made and retained by casinos.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... name, permanent address, and social security number of the person involved. Where the deposit, account..., and social security number of each person having a financial interest in the deposit, account or line... been unable to secure the required social security number, it shall not be deemed to be in violation of...

31 CFR 1021.410 - Additional records to be made and retained by casinos.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... name, permanent address, and social security number of the person involved. Where the deposit, account..., and social security number of each person having a financial interest in the deposit, account or line... been unable to secure the required social security number, it shall not be deemed to be in violation of...

WORKSHOP ON THE CHARACTERIZATION, MODELING, REMEDIATION AND MONITORING OF MINING-IMPACTED PIT LAKES, SANDS RGENCY CASINO HOTEL, DOWNTOWN RENO, NV. APRIL 4-6, 2000 (PROGRAM FLYER)

EPA Science Inventory

The purpose of this workshop is to provide a forum for the exchange of scientific infomation on current approaches for assessing the characterization, monitoring, treatment and/or remediation of impacts on aquatic ecosystems including pit lakes from mining-related contamination i...

A Survey of Community Employment Placements: Where Are Youth and Adults with Disabilities Working?.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morgan, Robert L.; Ellerd, David A.; Jensen, Kari; Taylor, Matthew J.

2000-01-01

A survey of 109 high school transition programs and 55 adult supported employment programs found that of 7,553 job placements for youth and adults with disabilities, the most frequent category was in food and beverage preparation services. Emerging markets for job placements included tourism and casino jobs. (Contains references.) (Author/CR)

25 CFR 502.4 - Class III gaming.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... II gaming, including but not limited to: (a) Any house banking game, including but not limited to— (1) Card games such as baccarat, chemin de fer, blackjack (21), and pai gow (if played as house banking games); (2) Casino games such as roulette, craps, and keno; (b) Any slot machines as defined in 15 U.S.C...

25 CFR 502.4 - Class III gaming.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... II gaming, including but not limited to: (a) Any house banking game, including but not limited to— (1) Card games such as baccarat, chemin de fer, blackjack (21), and pai gow (if played as house banking games); (2) Casino games such as roulette, craps, and keno; (b) Any slot machines as defined in 15 U.S.C...

25 CFR 502.4 - Class III gaming.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... II gaming, including but not limited to: (a) Any house banking game, including but not limited to— (1) Card games such as baccarat, chemin de fer, blackjack (21), and pai gow (if played as house banking games); (2) Casino games such as roulette, craps, and keno; (b) Any slot machines as defined in 15 U.S.C...

25 CFR 502.4 - Class III gaming.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... II gaming, including but not limited to: (a) Any house banking game, including but not limited to— (1) Card games such as baccarat, chemin de fer, blackjack (21), and pai gow (if played as house banking games); (2) Casino games such as roulette, craps, and keno; (b) Any slot machines as defined in 15 U.S.C...

25 CFR 502.4 - Class III gaming.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... II gaming, including but not limited to: (a) Any house banking game, including but not limited to— (1) Card games such as baccarat, chemin de fer, blackjack (21), and pai gow (if played as house banking games); (2) Casino games such as roulette, craps, and keno; (b) Any slot machines as defined in 15 U.S.C...

Selling Internet Gambling: Advertising, New Media and the Content of Poker Promotion

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McMullan, John L.; Kervin, Melissa

2012-01-01

This study examines the web design and engineering, advertising and marketing, and pedagogical features present at a random sample of 71 international poker sites obtained from the Casino City directory in the summer of 2009. We coded for 22 variables related to access, appeal, player protection, customer services, on-site security, use of images,…

The Relative Position Priming Effect Depends on Whether Letters Are Vowels or Consonants

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dunabeitia, Jon Andoni; Carreiras, Manuel

2011-01-01

The relative position priming effect is a type of subset priming in which target word recognition is facilitated as a consequence of priming the word with some of its letters, maintaining their relative position (e.g., "csn" as a prime for "casino"). Five experiments were conducted to test whether vowel-only and consonant-only…

piBox: A Platform for Privacy-Preserving Apps

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-10-03

media Arcade/Action! Books! Brain/Puzzles! Business! Cards/Casino! Casual! Comics! Communication! Education ! Entertainment! Finance! Health/Fitness... Lifestyle ! Live Wallpaper! Media/Video! Medical! Music/Audio! News/Magazines! Personalization! Photography! Productivity! Racing! Shopping! Social! Sports...Cells: A virtual mobile smartphone architecture. In SOSP, 2011. [4] Google App Engine. https://developers. google.com/appengine. [5] M. Backes, A. Kate

77 FR 70460 - Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Ho-Chunk Nation...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-26

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Ho-Chunk Nation Beloit Casino Project, City of Beloit, Rock County, WI... Beloit, Rock County, Wisconsin. This notice also announces a public scoping meeting to identify potential...

26 CFR 1.6050I-0 - Table of contents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... annual gaming revenue in excess of $1,000,000. (i) In general. (ii) Casinos exempt under 31 CFR 103.45(c... transaction. (i) In general. (ii) Example. (e) Time, manner, and form of reporting. (1) Time of reporting. (2.... (iii) Aggregate amount. (e) Cross-reference to penalty provisions. (f) Effective date. [T.D. 8652, 61...

78 FR 46578 - Caribbean Fishery Management Council; Scoping Meetings Correction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-01

... 00680, Puerto Rico August 6, 2013--7 p.m.-10 p.m.--at the Holiday Inn Ponce & Tropical Casino, 3315 Ponce By Pass, Ponce, Puerto Rico. In the U.S. Virgin Islands: August 5, 2013--7 p.m.-10 p.m.--Windward Passage Hotel, Charlotte Amalie, St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT...

Maternal Gambling, Parenting, and Child Behavioral Functioning in Native American Families

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Momper, Sandra L.; Jackson, Aurora P.

2007-01-01

Using data from a sample of 150 Native American mothers of a child 6 to 15 years old, this study examined the relations between and among mothers' gambling, parenting in the home environment, social supports, and child behavior problems. Respondents were recruited from a tribal casino on a Great Lakes Indian reservation. Results indicate that…

Smoke Signals, Sitting Bulls, and Slot Machines: A New Stereotype of Native Americans?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hawkins, Jeffrey

2005-01-01

Media coverage of the institution of gambling, particularly casino gaming, has been occurring since the mid-1980s and, depending upon your geographic region, certain Indian tribes have been linked with its monetary success. Educational materials, namely textbooks, have been caught up in this current trend, and the result is that a new stereotype…

Choice Behavior of Nonpathological Women Playing Concurrently Available Slot Machines: Effect of Changes in Payback Percentages

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weatherly, Jeffrey N.; Thompson, Bradley J.; Hodny, Marisa; Meier, Ellen

2009-01-01

In a simulated casino environment, 6 nonpathological women played concurrently available commercial slot machines programmed to pay out at different rates. Participants did not always demonstrate preferences for the higher paying machine. The data suggest that factors other than programmed or obtained rate of reinforcement may control gambling…

Getting to Grips with On-the-Job Competencies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Foyster, John

This booklet is one in a series that has been written for the general reader who wants to understand important trends in vocational education and training in Australia. Its focus is competency-based training and assessment. The booklet starts with the specific working environment of a blackjack dealer in a casino and explores the meaning of…

Altering Response Chains in Pathological Gamblers Using a Response-Cost Procedure

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Taylor E.; Dixon, Mark R.

2009-01-01

Two pathological gamblers could choose between emitting or having the dealer emit the response options when playing each of three casino games. A response-cost procedure was introduced in a multiple baseline design across games in which the participant had to pay to perform the responses himself, which was somewhat effective at reducing many of…

The Structure of Pathological Gambling among Korean Gamblers: A Cluster and Factor Analysis of Clinical and Demographic Characteristics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Tae Kyung; LaBrie, Richard A.; Grant, Jon E.; Kim, Suck Won; Shaffer, Howard J.

2008-01-01

This paper reports the underlying structure of the demographic and clinical characteristics of level 3 (i.e., pathological) Korean casino gamblers. The participants reported their gambling behavior and clinical characteristics known to be associated with gambling problems (e.g., alcohol use problems, eating disorders, depression, anxiety, and…

Living in the Age of Imposed Amnesia: The Eclipse of Democratic Formative Culture

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Giroux, Henry A.

2011-01-01

This article argues that under neoliberal casino capitalism there has been a wholesale attack not only on the social state but also on those public spheres that enable the formative cultures necessary to produce critical agents, engaged subjects, and the literacies necessary to make power and authority accountable. In this instance, the struggle…

78 FR 7448 - Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Spokane Tribe of Indians West Plains Casino...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-01

... notice advises the public that the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) as lead agency, with the Spokane Tribe..., Spokane County, Washington, and that the FEIS is now available for public review. DATES: The Record of... mail or hand deliver written comments to Mr. Stanley Speaks, Northwest Regional Director, Bureau of...

Gambling by Underage College Students: Preferences and Pathology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Platz, Laurie; Knapp, Terry J.; Crossman, Edward W.

2005-01-01

The gaming industry shares a problem with the makers of alcoholic beverages: how to market a product to a broad set of consumers some of whom are excluded by legal statute from partaking. Just as there are underage drinkers of alcohol, there are the underage who frequent casinos and create a regulatory problem for the industry, and occasionally…

Cathedrals, Casinos, Colleges and Classrooms: Questions for the Architects of Digital Campuses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCluskey, Frank; Winter, Melanie

2013-01-01

The bricks and mortar classroom has a long and storied history. The digital classroom is so new and different it may be wrong to even call it a "classroom". The authors argue that architecture influences behavior. So in constructing our new digital classrooms we must pay attention to the architecture and what job we want that…

77 FR 60139 - Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Pueblo of Jemez 70.277-Acre Fee-to-Trust...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-02

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the... all work on an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for the BIA Federal action of approving a 70.277 acre fee-to-trust transfer and casino project located within Do[ntilde]a Ana County, New Mexico. DATES...

The Prevalence of Gambling in College: A Review of Literature, Convenience Sample, and Recommendations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Seifried, Chad; Krenzelok, Ann; Turner, Brian A.; Brett, Martin

2009-01-01

This project examined the level of gambling exhibited by a convenience sample of 155 college students at a large Midwestern university and compared it to previously completed work. The researchers found most college student gamblers engaged in the most popular form of gambling like casino games, card games, and betting pools for money. Gambling on…

Some optical properties of the spiral inflector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Toprek, Dragan; Subotic, Krunoslav

1999-07-01

This paper compares some optical properties of different spiral inflectors using the program CASINO. The electric field distribution in the inflectors has been numerically calculated from an electric potential map produced by the program RELAX3D. The magnetic field is assumed to be constant. We have also made an effort to minimize the inflector fringe field using the RELAX3D program.

Near-Miss Effects on Response Latencies and Win Estimations of Slot Machine Players

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dixon, Mark R.; Schreiber, James E.

2004-01-01

The present study examined the degree to which slot machine near-miss trials, or trials that displayed 2 of 3 winning symbols on the payoff line, affected response times and win estimations of 12 recreational slot machine players. Participants played a commercial slot machine in a casino-like laboratory for course extra-credit points. Videotaped…

Newspaper Readership and Individual Estimation of Public Opinion: Do People Pay Attention to Poll Stories?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Richardson, Brian E.

A study examined mass media use and ability to predict public support for two heavily publicized Florida referenda--casino gambling and a statewide lottery. It was hypothesized that (1) voters who read newspapers that publish election public opinion poll stories will be better able to predict support for the issues than voters who rely on friends…

77 FR 12873 - Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Spokane Tribe of Indians West Plains Casino...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-02

... notice advises the public that the Bureau of Indian Affairs intends to file a draft environmental impact... available for public review and BIA will hold a public hearing to receive comments on the mixed use project. DATES: Submit written comments by April 16, 2012. The public hearing will be held on March 26, 2012...

Gambling participation and problem gambling severity among rural and peri-urban poor South African adults in KwaZulu-Natal.

PubMed

Dellis, Andrew; Spurrett, David; Hofmeyr, Andre; Sharp, Carla; Ross, Don

2013-09-01

Poor South Africans are significantly poorer and have lower employment rates than the subjects of most published research on gambling prevalence and problem gambling. Some existing work suggests relationships between gambling activity (including severity of risk for problem gambling), income, employment status and casino proximity. The objective of the study reported here is to establish the prevalence of gambling, including at risk and pathological gambling, and the profile of gambling activities in two samples of poor South African adults living in a rural and a peri-urban community. A total of 300 (150 male, 150 female) adults in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa in communities selected using census data, completed the Problem Gambling Severity Index and a survey of socioeconomic and household information, and of gambling knowledge and activity. It was found that gambling was common, and-except for lottery participation-mostly informal or unlicensed. Significant differences between rural and peri-urban populations were found. Peri-urban subjects were slightly less poor, and gambled more and on a different and wider range of activities. Problem and at risk gamblers were disproportionately represented among the more urbanised. Casino proximity appeared largely irrelevant to gambling activity.

Differences in Characteristics of Asian American and White Problem Gamblers Calling a Gambling Helpline

PubMed Central

Barry, Declan T.; Steinberg, Marvin A.; Wu, Ran; Potenza, Marc N.

2009-01-01

Objective The characteristics of Asian American and white problem gamblers using a gambling helpline were examined to identify race-related differences. Method Logistic regression analyses were conducted on data obtained from callers to a gambling helpline serving Southern New England in 2000–2003, inclusive. Results Of the 144 phone calls used in the analyses, 72 were from Asian American callers and 72 were from white callers who were matched on gender, education, income, marital/cohabitation status, and age. Race-related differences were observed in forms of gambling problems, psychiatric problems secondary to gambling, substance use problems, and family history. Asian American gamblers were more likely to report suicide attempts related to gambling and problems with non-strategic gambling. White gamblers were more likely to report both casino and non-casino gambling problems and personal and familial alcohol use problems. High proportions of both groups reported problems with strategic gambling, gambling-related anxiety, family and financial problems secondary to gambling, financial debt, daily tobacco use, and a family history of problem gambling. Conclusions Race-related differences should be considered in optimizing prevention and treatment strategies related to problem gambling. PMID:19238123

Solar Feasibility Study May 2013 - San Carlos Apache Tribe

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rapp, Jim; Duncan, Ken; Albert, Steve

2013-05-01

The San Carlos Apache Tribe (Tribe) in the interests of strengthening tribal sovereignty, becoming more energy self-sufficient, and providing improved services and economic opportunities to tribal members and San Carlos Apache Reservation (Reservation) residents and businesses, has explored a variety of options for renewable energy development. The development of renewable energy technologies and generation is consistent with the Tribe’s 2011 Strategic Plan. This Study assessed the possibilities for both commercial-scale and community-scale solar development within the southwestern portions of the Reservation around the communities of San Carlos, Peridot, and Cutter, and in the southeastern Reservation around the community of Bylas.more » Based on the lack of any commercial-scale electric power transmission between the Reservation and the regional transmission grid, Phase 2 of this Study greatly expanded consideration of community-scale options. Three smaller sites (Point of Pines, Dudleyville/Winkleman, and Seneca Lake) were also evaluated for community-scale solar potential. Three building complexes were identified within the Reservation where the development of site-specific facility-scale solar power would be the most beneficial and cost-effective: Apache Gold Casino/Resort, Tribal College/Skill Center, and the Dudleyville (Winkleman) Casino.« less

White Earth Biomass/Biogas Feasibility Study

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Triplett, Michael

2015-03-12

The White Earth Nation examined the feasibility of cost savings and fossil energy reduction through the installation of biogas/biomass boiler at the tribal casino. The study rejected biogas options due to availability and site constraints, but found a favorable environment for technical and financial feasibility of installing a 5 MMBtu hot water boiler system to offset 60-70 percent of current fuel oil and propane usage.

Terrorism Risk Modeling for Intelligence Analysis and Infrastructure Protection

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-01-01

comparatively high risk of CBRN attacks. Estimates of sabotage risk are highly dependent on proximity of nuclear power plants , chemical plants , or oil...and casinos, airports, nuclear power plants 3 Military, train and subway stations, stadiums, bridges and tunnels 4 Industrial facilities, oil and...airspace zones 8 Power plants , dams, railway networks levels. Collecting and incorporating such data for specific localities or industry sectors would

Geophysical-log and hydraulic-test analyses of groundwater-production wells at the Hannahville Indian Community, Menominee County, Michigan

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bayless, E. Randall; Anderson, J. Alton; Lampe, David C.; Williams, John H.

2013-01-01

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Hannahville Indian Community, evaluated the geohydrology of the bedrock formations and hydraulic properties of groundwater-production wells at the Hannahville Indian Community in Menominee County, Michigan. Geophysical logs were collected from five wells at two sites during September 2012. The logs were analyzed to characterize the lithostratigraphy, bedding and fractures, and hydraulic properties of the geologic formations and aquifers beneath the Hannahville Indian Community. The geophysical logs collected included natural gamma radiation, electromagnetic conductivity, wellbore image, caliper, ambient and stressed flowmeter, fluid resistivity, temperature, and wellbore deviation. The geophysical logs were analyzed with results from short-term hydraulic tests to estimate the transmissivity and water-level altitudes of flow zones penetrated by the wells. The geophysical log analysis indicated the wells penetrated four distinct lithostratigraphic units—shale and carbonate rock, upper carbonate rock, carbonate rock and glauconitic sandstone, and lower carbonate rock. Most of the fractures penetrated by the wellbores appeared to be related bedding partings. The lower carbonate rock unit contained solution features. Analysis of the geophysical logs and hydraulic tests indicated that each of the five wells penetrated from one to four flow zones. The Casino 5 well penetrated a flow zone that was associated with solution features and had an estimated total transmissivity of 4,280 feet squared per day (ft2/d), the highest estimate for all the wells. The Casino 3 well penetrated four flow zones and had an estimated total transmissivity of 3,570 ft2/d. The flow zones penetrated in the lower carbonate rock unit by the Casino 3 and 5 wells were hydraulically connected. The Golf Shack well penetrated two flow zones and had an estimated total transmissivity of 40 ft2/d, the lowest estimate for all the wells. The Community 1 and Community 2 wells penetrated three and four flow zones, respectively, and had estimated total transmissivity values of 185 and 280 ft2/d, respectively.

75 FR 63517 - Notice of Availability of the Record of Decision for Environmental Impact Statement for the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-15

...In accordance with Section 102(2)(C) of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq., the NIGC, in cooperation with the Federated Indians of the Graton Rancheria (the ``Graton Rancheria''), announces the availability of the Record of Decision (ROD) for the Federated Indians of the Graton Rancheria Casino and Hotel, Sonoma County, CA.

A Model for Effective Organization and Communication of Homeland Security Activity at the State Level

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-03-01

whether managing the functional segments of a major corporation, i.e. sourcing, product development, inbound/ outbound logistics , or after-market services...homeland security concerns. While none specifically addresses the mechanics or logistics of the reorganization of state governments, it does assert...and around casino and hotels . Respond to all threats and hazards. Admit lawful bettors and visitors. Promote legal gaming.41 Department of

The Effects of Pop-up Harm Minimisation Messages on Electronic Gaming Machine Gambling Behaviour in New Zealand.

PubMed

Palmer du Preez, Katie; Landon, Jason; Bellringer, Maria; Garrett, Nick; Abbott, Max

2016-12-01

In New Zealand a simple pop-up message feature that provides gambling session information and forces a break in play is mandatory on all electronic gaming machines in all venues (EGMs). Previous research has demonstrated small effects of more sophisticated pop-up messages tested predominantly in laboratory environments. The present research examined gambler engagement with and views on the New Zealand pop-up messages and on the relationship between pop-up messages and EGM expenditure. A sample of gamblers was recruited at casino and non-casino (pub) EGM venues. Most participants were aware of pop-up messages (57 %) and many saw them often (38 %). Among gamblers who reported seeing pop-up messages, half read the message content, and a quarter believed that pop-up messages helped them control the amount of money they spend on gambling. Participants who reported being likely to stop gambling in response to pop-up messages spent significantly less money on gambling when variables that were independently associated with EGM expenditure were controlled for. A modest harm minimisation effect of the pop-up message feature that has been operating in New Zealand for 5 years was evident. Suggestions for improvement of the harm minimisation potential of the current pop-up message feature are discussed.

Self-exclusion as a harm minimization strategy: evidence for the casino sector from selected European countries.

PubMed

Hayer, Tobias; Meyer, Gerhard

2011-12-01

As the international gambling market continues to expand, determining effective approaches to prevent gambling-related problems becomes increasingly important. Despite a lack of in-depth research into its benefits, self-exclusion is one such measure already in use around the world in various sectors of the gambling industry. The present study is the first of its kind to examine the effectiveness of self-exclusion schemes in the casino sector in selected European countries. A written survey yielded a sample of N = 152 (self)-excluded gamblers. In addition to this cross-section analysis, a small sub-group (n = 31) was monitored over time by means of follow-up surveys carried out 1, 6, and 12 month(s) after the exclusion agreement came into force. The results reveal that the self-excluded individuals are typically under a great deal of strain and show a relatively pronounced willingness to change. However, this largely reaches its peak at the time the decision to self-exclude is made. From a longitudinal perspective, various parameters indicate a clear improvement in psychosocial functioning; a favorable effect that also starts directly after the exclusion agreement was signed. Finally, considering theoretical and empirical findings, possibilities for optimizing (self-)exclusion schemes will be discussed.

A meta-regression analysis of 41 Australian problem gambling prevalence estimates and their relationship to total spending on electronic gaming machines.

PubMed

Markham, Francis; Young, Martin; Doran, Bruce; Sugden, Mark

2017-05-23

Many jurisdictions regularly conduct surveys to estimate the prevalence of problem gambling in their adult populations. However, the comparison of such estimates is problematic due to methodological variations between studies. Total consumption theory suggests that an association between mean electronic gaming machine (EGM) and casino gambling losses and problem gambling prevalence estimates may exist. If this is the case, then changes in EGM losses may be used as a proxy indicator for changes in problem gambling prevalence. To test for this association this study examines the relationship between aggregated losses on electronic gaming machines (EGMs) and problem gambling prevalence estimates for Australian states and territories between 1994 and 2016. A Bayesian meta-regression analysis of 41 cross-sectional problem gambling prevalence estimates was undertaken using EGM gambling losses, year of survey and methodological variations as predictor variables. General population studies of adults in Australian states and territory published before 1 July 2016 were considered in scope. 41 studies were identified, with a total of 267,367 participants. Problem gambling prevalence, moderate-risk problem gambling prevalence, problem gambling screen, administration mode and frequency threshold were extracted from surveys. Administrative data on EGM and casino gambling loss data were extracted from government reports and expressed as the proportion of household disposable income lost. Money lost on EGMs is correlated with problem gambling prevalence. An increase of 1% of household disposable income lost on EGMs and in casinos was associated with problem gambling prevalence estimates that were 1.33 times higher [95% credible interval 1.04, 1.71]. There was no clear association between EGM losses and moderate-risk problem gambling prevalence estimates. Moderate-risk problem gambling prevalence estimates were not explained by the models (I 2  ≥ 0.97; R 2  ≤ 0.01). The present study adds to the weight of evidence that EGM losses are associated with the prevalence of problem gambling. No patterns were evident among moderate-risk problem gambling prevalence estimates, suggesting that this measure is either subject to pronounced measurement error or lacks construct validity. The high degree of residual heterogeneity raises questions about the validity of comparing problem gambling prevalence estimates, even after adjusting for methodological variations between studies.

Proceedings of the third annual Nevada energy forum and exposition

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1984-01-01

This book presents the papers given at a forum on energy conservation. The papers include subjects on the following topics: third party financing; heat recovery and indirect evaporative cooling; computer literacy; practical power factor survey methodology; the measured energy performance of buildings; casino cogeneration; employees and energy conservation; daylighting; infrared heating; peak shaving and cogeneration. These subjects were orientated toward the management, purchasing and engineering professions and coincided with the forum goal of promoting energy conservation literacy.

Workplace exposure to secondhand smoke among non-smoking hospitality employees.

PubMed

Lawhorn, Nikki A; Lirette, David K; Klink, Jenna L; Hu, Chih-Yang; Contreras, Cassandra; Ajori Bryant, Ty-Runet Pinkney; Brown, Lisanne F; Diaz, James H

2013-02-01

This article examines salivary cotinine concentrations to characterize secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure among non-smoking hospitality employees (bar and casino employees and musicians who perform in bars) who are exposed to SHS in the workplace. A pre-post test study design was implemented to assess SHS exposure in the workplace. The convenience sample of 41 non-smoking hospitality employees included 10 controls (non-smoking hospitality employees not exposed to SHS in the workplace). The findings demonstrate that post-shift saliva cotinine levels of hospitality employees who are exposed to SHS in the workplace are significantly higher than controls who work in smoke-free venues. Findings also suggested a statistically significant increase between pre- and post-shift saliva cotinine levels of hospitality employees who are exposed in the workplace. No statistically significant difference was noted across labor categories, suggesting that all exposed employees are at increased risk. The study results indicate that non-smoking hospitality employees exposed to SHS in the workplace have significantly higher cotinine concentration levels compared with their counterparts who work in smoke-free venues. Findings from other studies suggest that these increased cotinine levels are harmful to health. Given the potential impact on the health of exposed employees, this study further supports the efforts of tobacco prevention and control programs in advocating for comprehensive smoke-free air policies to protect bar and casino employees.

Internet gamblers: a latent class analysis of their behaviours and health experiences.

PubMed

Lloyd, Joanne; Doll, Helen; Hawton, Keith; Dutton, William H; Geddes, John R; Goodwin, Guy M; Rogers, Robert D

2010-09-01

In order to learn about the behaviours and health experiences of people who gamble on the Internet, we conducted an international online survey with respondents recruited via gambling and gambling-related websites. The mean (SD) age of the 4,125 respondents completing the survey was 35.5 (11.8) years, with 79.1% being male and 68.8% UK residents. Respondents provided demographic details and completed validated psychometric screening instruments for problem gambling, mood disturbances, as well as alcohol and substance misuse, and history of deliberate self harm. We applied latent class analysis to respondents' patterns of regular online gambling activities, and identified subgroups of individuals who used the Internet to gamble in different ways (L (2) = 44.27, bootstrap P = 0.07). We termed the characteristic profiles as 'non-to-minimal gamblers'; 'sports bettors'; 'casino & sports gamblers'; 'lottery players'; and 'multi-activity gamblers'. Furthermore, these subgroups of respondents differed on other demographic and psychological dimensions, with significant inter-cluster differences in proportion of individuals scoring above threshold for problem gambling, mood disorders and substance misuse, and history of deliberate self harm (all Chi (2)s > 23.4, all P-values <0.001). The 'casino & sports' and 'multi-activity-gamblers' clusters had the highest prevalence of mental disorder. Internet gamblers appear to be heterogeneous but composed of several subgroups, differing markedly on both demographic and clinical characteristics.

Eliminating smoking in bars, restaurants, and gaming clubs in California: BREATH, the California Smoke-Free Bar Program.

PubMed

Kiser, D; Boschert, T

2001-01-01

On January 1, 1998, California became the first state in the country to prohibit indoor smoking in nightspots, bars, bar/restaurant combinations, bingo parlors, cardrooms, and casinos on a statewide basis. This paper describes the activities which achieved this result, based on a program with three main goals: Ease the transition for business owners; Activate public support for the law; Defeat tobacco industry efforts to undermine the law. Important lessons learned from this campaign are presented.

Pascua Yaqui Tribe Renewable Energy Development and Deployment Feasibility Study

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Arvayo, Maria

In 2012, PYT was awarded a grant from the Department of Energy Tribal Energy Program to conduct a Renewable Energy Development and Deployment Feasibility Study that would define the technical and economic viability of renewable energy on tribal lands. Red Mountain Energy Partners (RMEP) was hired by PYT to complete the study. Through this study, Red Mountain concluded that there are viable opportunities for solar at Tortuga Ranch, the Casino del Sol and a third site near the Justice Center on Camino de Oeste.

Iraqi Perspectives Project. Primary Source Materials for Saddam and Terrorism: Emerging Insights from Captured Iraqi Documents. Volume 4 (Redacted)

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-11-01

destroy the residence of the US Ambassador in Jakarta, Japanese Embassy and American Airlines in Philippines 2 CMPC-2003-000 17015 2 Production and...used to seek a number oftargets like (The Iraqi Communist Party Headquarters, assassinating some ofP.K.K members, blowing up Dilshad Cinema ) where...Sulaymaniyyah like Dilshad Cinema , a Casino in (Illegible) Subdivision and a media whole. 4- They issued the first declaration threatening the Secularism

Legislators' beliefs on tobacco control policies in Nevada.

PubMed

York, Nancy L; Pritsos, Chris A; Gutierrez, Antonio P

2012-02-01

The purpose of this study was to identify Nevada legislators' views on comprehensive smoke-free (SF) policy development. The Nevada Clean Indoor Air Act (NCIAA) is a weak law that prohibits smoking in most indoor public places, excluding stand-alone bars and casino gaming areas. Nevada's state senators and assembly members were contacted to participate in the study. A literature review guided modifications of an instrument previously used to measure county-level officials' policy views in Kentucky. Descriptive statistics were conducted for selected variables, while independent t tests and one-way analysis of variance were used to examine differences between various groups. 23 of 63 legislators participated. Even though the majority of officials recognized smoking as a health hazard and nicotine as addictive, there was not overwhelming support for strengthening the NCIAA, raising cigarette excise taxes or providing cessation benefits to citizens. Officials believed that the NCIAA was having a negative economic impact on smaller gaming businesses, but not on the casino industry. Democrats were more likely than Republicans to agree that raising the excise tax by $1 is important for needed state revenues. 63% of legislators believed that they would be persuaded to strengthen the NCIAA regardless of its financial impact on small businesses, if their constituents supported such a move. No other state relies on gaming revenues as much as Nevada. Given that legislators are strongly influenced by their constituents' views, policy advocates need to establish grassroots support for strengthening the current NCIAA and also tobacco control laws in general.

Life Interference Due to Gambling in Three Canadian Provinces.

PubMed

Afifi, Tracie O; Sareen, Jitender; Taillieu, Tamara; Turner, Sarah; Fortier, Janique

2018-03-28

The gambling landscape among provinces in Canada is diverse. Yet, few studies have investigated provincial differences related to life interference due to gambling. The objectives of the current study were to examine: (1) provincial differences with regard to gambling types and (2) if gender, family history of gambling, and alcohol or drug use while gambling were related to an increased likelihood of life interference in three Canadian provinces. Data were drawn from the 2013 and 2014 cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey from Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and British Columbia (n = 30,150). Analyses were conducted stratified by provinces and also combined using logistic regression models. Provincial differences were noted with individuals from British Columbia compared to Manitoba being less likely to play VLTs outside of casinos, play live horse racing at a track or off track, and participate in sports gambling. Those in Saskatchewan compared to Manitoba were more likely to play VLTs inside a casino. When examining all provinces combined, family history of gambling was associated with increased odds of life interference. Gender was not associated with life interference. Provincial differences were noted, which may be in part related to differences in gambling landscapes. Family history of gambling may have clinical relevance for understanding which individuals may be more likely to experience life interference due to gambling. Further research is needed to clarify the link between alcohol and drug use while gambling and life interference due to gambling as the models in the current research were likely underpowered.

The cost of virtual wins: An examination of gambling-related risks in youth who spend money on social casino games

PubMed Central

King, Daniel L.; Russell, Alex; Gainsbury, Sally; Delfabbro, Paul H.; Hing, Nerilee

2016-01-01

Background and aims Social casino games (SCGs) are not technically considered a form of gambling but they do enable players to spend money in a game that is gambling themed or structurally approximate to gambling. It has been theorized that SCGs could be a gateway to gambling activities or otherwise normalize the experience of gambling for young people, particularly when money becomes involved. The aim of this study was to investigate whether adolescents’ financial expenditure in SCGs was associated with broader gambling activity, including level of participation, expenditure, and problem gambling symptoms. Methods An online survey was administered to 555 adolescents, including 130 SCG players (78 non-paying and 52 paying users). Results Paying SCG users tended to be employed males who play more frequently and engage in more SCG activities, who report more symptoms of problem gambling and higher psychological distress than non-paying SCG users. Paying SCG users reported more frequent engagement and spending in monetary gambling activities, and two-thirds of SCG payers recalled that their SCG use had preceded involvement in financial gambling. Discussion and conclusions Spending in simulated gambling activities by adolescents may be a risk factor for problem gambling. Although SCGs may currently defy classification as a form of gambling, these activities will likely continue to be scrutinized by regulators for the use of dubious or exploitative payment features offered in a gambling-themed format that is available to persons of all ages. PMID:27648743

Maintaining homeostasis by decision-making.

PubMed

Korn, Christoph W; Bach, Dominik R

2015-05-01

Living organisms need to maintain energetic homeostasis. For many species, this implies taking actions with delayed consequences. For example, humans may have to decide between foraging for high-calorie but hard-to-get, and low-calorie but easy-to-get food, under threat of starvation. Homeostatic principles prescribe decisions that maximize the probability of sustaining appropriate energy levels across the entire foraging trajectory. Here, predictions from biological principles contrast with predictions from economic decision-making models based on maximizing the utility of the endpoint outcome of a choice. To empirically arbitrate between the predictions of biological and economic models for individual human decision-making, we devised a virtual foraging task in which players chose repeatedly between two foraging environments, lost energy by the passage of time, and gained energy probabilistically according to the statistics of the environment they chose. Reaching zero energy was framed as starvation. We used the mathematics of random walks to derive endpoint outcome distributions of the choices. This also furnished equivalent lotteries, presented in a purely economic, casino-like frame, in which starvation corresponded to winning nothing. Bayesian model comparison showed that--in both the foraging and the casino frames--participants' choices depended jointly on the probability of starvation and the expected endpoint value of the outcome, but could not be explained by economic models based on combinations of statistical moments or on rank-dependent utility. This implies that under precisely defined constraints biological principles are better suited to explain human decision-making than economic models based on endpoint utility maximization.

Maintaining Homeostasis by Decision-Making

PubMed Central

Korn, Christoph W.; Bach, Dominik R.

2015-01-01

Living organisms need to maintain energetic homeostasis. For many species, this implies taking actions with delayed consequences. For example, humans may have to decide between foraging for high-calorie but hard-to-get, and low-calorie but easy-to-get food, under threat of starvation. Homeostatic principles prescribe decisions that maximize the probability of sustaining appropriate energy levels across the entire foraging trajectory. Here, predictions from biological principles contrast with predictions from economic decision-making models based on maximizing the utility of the endpoint outcome of a choice. To empirically arbitrate between the predictions of biological and economic models for individual human decision-making, we devised a virtual foraging task in which players chose repeatedly between two foraging environments, lost energy by the passage of time, and gained energy probabilistically according to the statistics of the environment they chose. Reaching zero energy was framed as starvation. We used the mathematics of random walks to derive endpoint outcome distributions of the choices. This also furnished equivalent lotteries, presented in a purely economic, casino-like frame, in which starvation corresponded to winning nothing. Bayesian model comparison showed that—in both the foraging and the casino frames—participants’ choices depended jointly on the probability of starvation and the expected endpoint value of the outcome, but could not be explained by economic models based on combinations of statistical moments or on rank-dependent utility. This implies that under precisely defined constraints biological principles are better suited to explain human decision-making than economic models based on endpoint utility maximization. PMID:26024504

The cost of virtual wins: An examination of gambling-related risks in youth who spend money on social casino games.

PubMed

King, Daniel L; Russell, Alex; Gainsbury, Sally; Delfabbro, Paul H; Hing, Nerilee

2016-09-01

Background and aims Social casino games (SCGs) are not technically considered a form of gambling but they do enable players to spend money in a game that is gambling themed or structurally approximate to gambling. It has been theorized that SCGs could be a gateway to gambling activities or otherwise normalize the experience of gambling for young people, particularly when money becomes involved. The aim of this study was to investigate whether adolescents' financial expenditure in SCGs was associated with broader gambling activity, including level of participation, expenditure, and problem gambling symptoms. Methods An online survey was administered to 555 adolescents, including 130 SCG players (78 non-paying and 52 paying users). Results Paying SCG users tended to be employed males who play more frequently and engage in more SCG activities, who report more symptoms of problem gambling and higher psychological distress than non-paying SCG users. Paying SCG users reported more frequent engagement and spending in monetary gambling activities, and two-thirds of SCG payers recalled that their SCG use had preceded involvement in financial gambling. Discussion and conclusions Spending in simulated gambling activities by adolescents may be a risk factor for problem gambling. Although SCGs may currently defy classification as a form of gambling, these activities will likely continue to be scrutinized by regulators for the use of dubious or exploitative payment features offered in a gambling-themed format that is available to persons of all ages.

Psychophysiological Responses to Salsa Dance

PubMed Central

Emerenziani, Gian Pietro; Meucci, Marco; Saavedra, Francisco; Gallotta, Maria Chiara; Baldari, Carlo

2015-01-01

Speculation exists whether dance provides physiological stimuli adequate to promote health and fitness benefits. Unfortunately, research to date has not addressed the affective and exertional responses to dance. These responses are of interest as positive affective and exertional responses experienced during physical activity may play an important role in predicting adherence. The present study aims to examine the psychophysiological responses of different Salsa dance styles. Ten pairs of dancers performed two different structured lessons of Salsa dance, including Typical Salsa and Rueda de Casino lessons, and a non-structured Salsa dance at a night club. Physiological responses (i.e., percent of heart rate reserve; %HRR) were continuously assessed and perceived exertion and affective valence were rated every 15 min throughout the trials. %HRR responses differed between the Salsa dance styles (%HRR from 41.3 to 51.9%), and participants were dancing at intensities near their ventilatory threshold. Specifically, Typical Salsa lesson elicited lower %HRR responses than Rueda de Casino lesson (p < 0.05), but similar %HRR responses to Salsa dance at a night club condition (p > 0.05). Surprisingly, exertional (from 8 to 11) and affective (from +3 to +5) responses were unaffected by Salsa dance styles (p > 0.05). These data support that different Salsa dance styles provide physiological stimuli adequate to promote health and fitness benefits, and perhaps more importantly, produce pleasurable experiences, which in turn might lead to an increase in adherence to Salsa dancing which likely provides exercise-like health benefits. PMID:25860568

Gambling participation in the U.S.--results from a national survey.

PubMed

Welte, John W; Barnes, Grace M; Wieczorek, William F; Tidwell, Marie-Cecile; Parker, John

2002-01-01

Demographic patterns of gambling participation in the U.S. were examined. A national telephone survey was conducted with 2,630 representative U.S. residents aged 18 or older. The sample as weighted for analysis was 48% male, 12% black, and 11% Hispanic. Respondents were questioned on 15 types of gambling: how often they played and how much they won or lost. Eighty-two percent gambled in the past year. Lottery was the most commonly played game, while casino gambling accounted for the largest extent of gambling involvement. Men and women were equally likely to gamble in the past year, but men gambled more frequently and had larger wins and losses, particularly on sports betting and games of skill. Blacks were less likely to have gambled in the past year, but blacks who gambled did so more heavily than other racial groups. Blacks and Hispanics were more likely than average to be pathological gamblers. The rate of past year gambling declined with age, but extent of gambling involvement among gamblers did not vary with age. Rates of participation in most forms of gambling increased with socioeconomic status, but higher socioeconomic status gamblers had lower rates of pathological gambling, and lower extent of gambling involvement, particularly for lottery. New Englanders gambled more heavily than other Americans. Comparison with past studies showed an increase in overall gambling participation in the U.S., and large increases in rates of participation in lottery and casino gambling.

Don't Mess with the NEST

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Larson, M

NEST stands for Nuclear Emergency Support Team. The NEST Mission Statement as first established: (1) Conduct, direct, coordinate search and recovery operations for nuclear material, weapons or devices; and (2) Assist in identification and deactivation of Improvised Nuclear Devices (INDs) and Radiological Dispersal Devices (RDDs). Then in 1980 a very sophisticated improvised explosive device was found at Harvey's Casino at Lake Tahoe, Nevada. The FBI and Bomb Squads were unprepared and it detonated. As a result the additional phrase 'and Sophisticated Improvised Explosive Devices (SIEDs)' was added to the Mission Statement.

Analysis of e-beam impact on the resist stack in e-beam lithography process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Indykeiwicz, K.; Paszkiewicz, B.

2013-07-01

Paper presents research on the sub-micron gate, AlGaN /GaN HEMT type transistors, fabrication by e-beam lithography and lift-off technique. The impact of the electron beam on the resists layer and the substrate was analyzed by MC method in Casino v3.2 software. The influence of technological process parameters on the metal structures resolution and quality for paths 100 nm, 300 nm and 500 nm wide and 20 μm long was studied. Qualitative simulation correspondences to the conducted experiments were obtained.

Spatial distribution of fluorescent light emitted from neon and nitrogen excited by low energy electron beams

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Morozov, A.; Krücken, R.; Ulrich, A.; Wieser, J.

2006-11-01

Side-view intensity profiles of fluorescent light were measured for neon and nitrogen excited with 12keV electron beams at gas pressures from 250to1400hPa. The intensity profiles were compared with theoretical profiles calculated using the CASINO program which performs Monte Carlo simulations of electron scattering. It was assumed that the spatial distribution of fluorescent intensity is directly proportional to the spatial distribution of energy loss by primary electrons. The comparison shows good correlation of experimental data and the results of numeric simulations.

Electron Beam Lithography Double Step Exposure Technique for Fabrication of Mushroom-Like Profile in Bilayer Resist System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kornelia, Indykiewicz; Bogdan, Paszkiewicz; Tomasz, Szymański; Regina, Paszkiewicz

2015-01-01

The Hi/Lo bilayer resist system exposure in e-beam lithography (EBL) process, intended for mushroom-like profile fabrication, was studied. Different exposure parameters and theirs influence on the resist layers were simulated in CASINO software and the obtained results were compared with the experimental data. The AFM technique was used for the estimation of the e-beam penetration depth in the resist stack. Performed numerical and experimental results allow us to establish the useful ranges of the exposure parameters.

Quantum gambling based on Nash-equilibrium

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Pei; Zhou, Xiao-Qi; Wang, Yun-Long; Liu, Bi-Heng; Shadbolt, Pete; Zhang, Yong-Sheng; Gao, Hong; Li, Fu-Li; O'Brien, Jeremy L.

2017-06-01

The problem of establishing a fair bet between spatially separated gambler and casino can only be solved in the classical regime by relying on a trusted third party. By combining Nash-equilibrium theory with quantum game theory, we show that a secure, remote, two-party game can be played using a quantum gambling machine which has no classical counterpart. Specifically, by modifying the Nash-equilibrium point we can construct games with arbitrary amount of bias, including a game that is demonstrably fair to both parties. We also report a proof-of-principle experimental demonstration using linear optics.

78 FR 17099 - Safety Zone; BWRC Southwest Showdown 2, Parker, AZ

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-20

...The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary safety zone within the Lake Moolvalya region of the navigable waters of the Colorado River in Parker, Arizona for the Blue Water Resort and Casino Southwest Showdown. This temporary safety zone is necessary to provide for the safety of the participants, crew, spectators, participating vessels, and other vessels and users of the waterway. Persons and vessels are prohibited from entering into, transiting through, or anchoring within this safety zone unless authorized by the Captain of the Port or his designated representative.

Gambling behaviors and attitudes in adolescent high-school students: Relationships with problem-gambling severity and smoking status

PubMed Central

Weinberger, Andrea H.; Franco, Christine A.; Hoff, Rani A.; Pilver, Corey E.; Steinberg, Marvin A.; Rugle, Loreen; Wampler, Jeremy; Cavallo, Dana A.; Krishnan-Sarin, Suchitra; Potenza, Marc N.

2015-01-01

Background and Aims Smoking is associated with more severe/extensive gambling in adults. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between smoking and gambling in adolescents. Methods Analyses utilized survey data from 1,591 Connecticut high-school students. Adolescents were classified by gambling (Low-Risk Gambling [LRG], At Risk/Problem Gambling [ARPG]) and smoking (current smoker, non-smoker). The main effects of smoking and the smoking-by-gambling interactions were examined for gambling behaviors (e.g., type, location), and gambling attitudes. Data were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression; the latter controlled for gender, race/ethnicity, grade, and family structure. Results For APRG adolescents, smoking was associated with greater online, school, and casino gambling; gambling due to anxiety and pressure; greater time spent gambling; early gambling onset; perceived parental approval of gambling; and decreased importance of measures to prevent teen gambling. For LRG adolescents, smoking was associated with non-strategic gambling (e.g., lottery gambling); school gambling; gambling in response to anxiety; gambling for financial reasons; greater time spent gambling; and decreased importance of measures to prevent teen gambling. Stronger relationships were found between smoking and casino gambling, gambling due to pressure, earlier onset of gambling, and parental perceptions of gambling for ARPG versus LRG adolescents. Discussion Smoking is associated with more extensive gambling for both low- and high-risk adolescent gamblers. Conclusion Smoking may be a marker of more severe gambling behaviors in adolescents and important to consider in gambling prevention and intervention efforts with youth. PMID:25959617

Positive income shocks and accidental deaths among Cherokee Indians: a natural experiment

PubMed Central

Bruckner, Tim A; Brown, Ryan A; Margerison-Zilko, Claire

2011-01-01

Background Several studies in low-income populations report the somewhat counterintuitive finding that positive income gains adversely affect adult health. The literature posits that receipt of a large portion of annual income increases, in the short term, risk-taking behaviour and/or the consumption of health-damaging goods. This work implies the hypothesis that persons with an unexpected gain in income will exhibit an elevated risk of accidental death—the fifth leading cause of death in the USA. We test this hypothesis directly by capitalizing on a natural experiment in which Cherokee Indians in rural North Carolina received discrete lump sum payments from a new casino. Methods We applied Poisson regression to the monthly count of accidental deaths among Cherokee Indians over 204 months spanning 1990–2006. We controlled for temporal patterns in accidental deaths (e.g. seasonality and trend) as well as changes in population size. Results As hypothesized, the risk of accidental death rises above expected levels during months of the large casino payments (relative risk = 2.62; 95% confidence interval = 1.54–4.47). Exploratory analyses of ethnographic interviews and behavioural surveys support that increased vehicular travel and consumption of health-damaging goods may account for the rise in accident proneness. Conclusions Although long-term income gains may improve health in this population, our findings indicate that acute responses to large income gains, in the short term, increase risk-taking and accident proneness. We encourage further investigation of natural experiments to identify causal economic antecedents of population health. PMID:21527447

Gambling behaviors and attitudes in adolescent high-school students: Relationships with problem-gambling severity and smoking status.

PubMed

Weinberger, Andrea H; Franco, Christine A; Hoff, Rani A; Pilver, Corey E; Steinberg, Marvin A; Rugle, Loreen; Wampler, Jeremy; Cavallo, Dana A; Krishnan-Sarin, Suchitra; Potenza, Marc N

2015-06-01

Smoking is associated with more severe/extensive gambling in adults. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between smoking and gambling in adolescents. Analyses utilized survey data from 1591 Connecticut high-school students. Adolescents were classified by gambling (Low-Risk Gambling [LRG], At Risk/Problem Gambling [ARPG]) and smoking (current smoker, non-smoker). The main effects of smoking and the smoking-by-gambling interactions were examined for gambling behaviors (e.g., type, location), and gambling attitudes. Data were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression; the latter controlled for gender, race/ethnicity, grade, and family structure. For APRG adolescents, smoking was associated with greater online, school, and casino gambling; gambling due to anxiety and pressure; greater time spent gambling; early gambling onset; perceived parental approval of gambling; and decreased importance of measures to prevent teen gambling. For LRG adolescents, smoking was associated with non-strategic gambling (e.g., lottery gambling); school gambling; gambling in response to anxiety; gambling for financial reasons; greater time spent gambling; and decreased importance of measures to prevent teen gambling. Stronger relationships were found between smoking and casino gambling, gambling due to pressure, earlier onset of gambling, and parental perceptions of gambling for ARPG versus LRG adolescents. Smoking is associated with more extensive gambling for both low- and high-risk adolescent gamblers. Smoking may be a marker of more severe gambling behaviors in adolescents and important to consider in gambling prevention and intervention efforts with youth. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

An Exploratory Study of Gambling Operators' Use of Social Media and the Latent Messages Conveyed.

PubMed

Gainsbury, Sally M; Delfabbro, Paul; King, Daniel L; Hing, Nerilee

2016-03-01

Advertisements for gambling products have historically been restricted due to their potential to normalize gambling and contribute to excessive gambling behaviours among vulnerable populations. However, social media enables gambling operators to promote products and brands with fewer constraints than in traditional forms of media. This study investigated how social media is used by gambling operators to promote gambling activities including an analysis of the latent messages that are conveyed. A representative sample of major land-based and online gambling venues and operators, including casinos, clubs, hotels, lottery and wagering operators (n = 101), was obtained. Websites and social media profiles of gambling operators were audited to investigate the types of social media used, content of promotions, and prevalence of responsible gambling messaging. The results showed that Facebook and Twitter were the dominant platforms used, most commonly by casinos and online wagering operators. A key finding was that online gambling operators included gambling content in conjunction with related news and events, as well as unrelated content, as way of normalizing gambling within a broader social context. Unlike land-based gambling promotions, responsible gambling information tended not to feature in operators' posts and profiles. The key messages propagated in social media gambling promotions were positively framed, and tended to encourage gambling using a range of cross-promotional tactics to emphasize the winning aspect of gambling. The implications of freely accessible and pervasive gambling promotions via social media are discussed with respect to the general community as well as vulnerable populations.

Characteristics of older adult problem gamblers calling a gambling helpline.

PubMed

Potenza, Marc N; Steinberg, Marvin A; Wu, Ran; Rounsaville, Bruce J; O'malley, Stephanie S

2006-06-01

Few investigations have characterized groups of older adults with gambling problems, and published reports are currently limited by small samples of older adult problem gamblers. Gambling helplines represent a widespread mechanism for assisting problem gamblers to move into treatment settings. Given data from older adult problem gamblers in treatment, we hypothesized that older as compared with younger adult problem gamblers calling a gambling helpline would be less likely to report gambling-related problems. Logistic regression analyses were performed on data obtained from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2001, inclusive, from callers with gambling problems (N = 1,084) contacting the Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling Helpline. Of the 1,018 phone calls used in the logistic regression analyses, 168 (16.5%) were from older adults and 850 (83.5%) from younger adults. Age-related differences were observed in demographic features, types and patterns of gambling reported as problematic, gambling-related problems and psychiatric symptoms, substance use problems, patterns of indebtedness, and family histories of addictive disorders. Older as compared with younger adult problem gamblers were more likely to report having lower incomes, longer durations of gambling, fewer types of problematic gambling, and problems with casino slot machine gambling and less likely to report gambling-related anxiety, family problems, illegal behaviors and arrests, drug problems, indebtedness to bookies or acquaintances, family histories of drug abuse, and problems with casino table gambling. Older as compared with younger adult problem gamblers calling a gambling helpline differ on many clinically relevant features. The findings suggest the need for improved and unique prevention and treatment strategies for older adults with gambling problems.

Research on the effects of integrated resorts in Korea on gambling addiction

PubMed Central

Jin, Chan-Ho

2015-01-01

This research discusses the effects of the integrated resorts centered around casinos being implemented in Korea. It particularly focuses on the symptoms and most recent definitions of gambling addiction such as physiological or psychological dependence from excessive gambling. This paper suggests that there is a high prevalence rate of pathological gambling in Korea. It provides an argument for prevention, early detection, and lastly, active and voluntary treatment. Furthermore, the study addresses the physiological pathway of gambling addiction and the physiological factors of gambling addicts to suggest exercise rehabilitation that are currently limited to psychological treatments. PMID:26331132

Research on the effects of integrated resorts in Korea on gambling addiction.

PubMed

Jin, Chan-Ho

2015-08-01

This research discusses the effects of the integrated resorts centered around casinos being implemented in Korea. It particularly focuses on the symptoms and most recent definitions of gambling addiction such as physiological or psychological dependence from excessive gambling. This paper suggests that there is a high prevalence rate of pathological gambling in Korea. It provides an argument for prevention, early detection, and lastly, active and voluntary treatment. Furthermore, the study addresses the physiological pathway of gambling addiction and the physiological factors of gambling addicts to suggest exercise rehabilitation that are currently limited to psychological treatments.

Propulsion and service power for New Orleans sternwheelers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Clevenger, M.

1995-11-01

The spurt in designing and building casino and show boats for the U. S. inland waterways over the last few years opened up an opportunity for naval architects and marine engineers to work with a variety of imaginative boats. For example, on the newly built Grand Palais and Crescent City Queen, six 1200 r/min generator sets based on Caterpillar 3516TA engines and 1090 kW, 600-V Kato generators provide power to operate paddlewheels, Z-drives, and a complex of equipment. This paper describes the design, layout and electrical equipment and propulsion of the ships.

Effects of 160 keV electron irradiation on the optical properties and microstructure of "Panda" type Polarization-Maintaining optical fibers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hong-Chen, Zhang; Hai, Liu; Hui-Jie, Xue; Wen-Qiang, Qiao; Shi-Yu, He

2012-11-01

In this paper, effects of 160 keV electron irradiated "Panda" type Polarization-Maintaining optical fiber at 1310 nm are investigated by us. Attenuation coefficient induced in optical fiber by electron beams at 1310 nm increases with increase in electron fluence. Electron irradiation-induced damage mechanism are studied by means of CASINO simulation program, the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron spin resonance spectrometer (EPR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that Si-OH impurity defect concentration is the main reason of increasing attenuation coefficient at 1310 nm.

Design of the central region in the Gustaf Werner cyclotron at the Uppsala university

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Toprek, Dragan; Reistad, Dag; Lundstrom, Bengt; Wessman, Dan

2002-07-01

This paper describes the design of the central region in the Gustaf Werner cyclotron for h=1, 2 and 3 modes of acceleration. The electric field distribution in the inflector and in the four acceleration gaps has been numerically calculated from an electric potential map produced by the program RELAX3D. The geometry of the central region has been tested with the computations of orbits carried out by means of the computer code CYCLONE. The optical properties of the spiral inflector and the central region were studied by using the programs CASINO and CYCLONE, respectively.

Simulation of MeV electron energy deposition in CdS quantum dots absorbed in silicate glass for radiation dosimetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baharin, R.; Hobson, P. R.; Smith, D. R.

2010-09-01

We are currently developing 2D dosimeters with optical readout based on CdS or CdS/CdSe core-shell quantum-dots using commercially available materials. In order to understand the limitations on the measurement of a 2D radiation profile the 3D deposited energy profile of MeV energy electrons in CdS quantum-dot-doped silica glass have been studied by Monte Carlo simulation using the CASINO and PENELOPE codes. Profiles for silica glass and CdS quantum-dot-doped silica glass were then compared.

Can Arthroplasty Stem INfluence Outcome? (CASINO): a randomized controlled equivalence trial of 125 mm versus 150 mm Exeter V40 stems in total hip arthroplasty.

PubMed

Hamilton, David F; Ohly, Nicholas E; Gaston, Paul

2018-04-16

The use of shorter length femoral stems during total hip arthroplasty has been suggested to accommodate wider patient femoral geometry and offer maximal bone preservation. However, cemented short-stem designs may increase the risk of varus stem malalignment and influence patient outcomes. CASINO is a multi-centre randomised equivalence trial that will recruit 220 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis at two NHS hospitals in Scotland. Patients will be aged 45-80, undergoing unilateral primary hip arthroplasty, with no plan for contralateral procedure within the study timeframe, and able to comply with the protocol. Participants will be randomised to receive either a short (125 mm) or a standard (150 mm) Exeter V40 stem. The Contemporary acetabular component will be used in all cases. All implants will be cemented. Patient pain, function and satisfaction will be assessed using change from baseline measurement in Oxford Hip Score, Forgotten Joint Score, EQ-5D, pain numerical rating scores, and patient satisfaction questionnaire at baseline and at 1 and 2 years following surgery. Radiographic assessment will evaluate stem position and will be appraised by independent reviewers. Patients will be blind to implant allocation. Stem length may be associated with outcome; however, we can find no randomised trial in which researchers investigated the effect of stem length on patient outcome following cemented total hip arthroplasty. The aim of this trial is to determine if the use of short cemented stems offers equivalent patient outcomes to those achieved following surgery with standard length stems. International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number, ISRCTN13154542 , Registered on 30 June 2017.

Gambling behavior among Macau college and university students.

PubMed

Kam, Sut Mei; Wong, Irene Lai Kuen; So, Ernest Moon Tong; Un, David Kin Cheong; Chan, Chris Hon Wa

2017-01-01

This survey investigated gambling behavior among Chinese students studying in Macau colleges and universities. It also aimed to examine the relationship between problem gambling, affect states and sensation seeking propensity. A convenience sample of 999 students (370 men, 629 women) filled a self-administered questionnaire consisted of the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) (Ferris and Wynne in The Canadian problem gambling index: User manual. Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse, Toronto 2001a), the 8-item Brief Sensation Seeking Scale (BSSS-8) (Hoyle et al. Pers Individ Diff 32(3): 401-414, 2002), Bradburn's Affect Balance Scale (BABS) (Bradburn in The structure of psychological well-being. Aldine, Chicago 1969) and questions on gambling activities. The response rate is 65%. Results indicate 32.3% ( n  = 323) of the survey participants wagered on mahjong (61.8%), soccer matches (40.2%), Mark Six lottery (37.2%), card games (28.1%), land-based casino gambling (13.1%), slot machines (7.5%) and online casino games (2.0%). The average monthly stake was MOP $411. Seeking entertainment (18.7%), killing time (12.5%) and peer influence (11.1%) were the three main reasons for gambling. Using the PGSI, 3.6 and 5.3% of the students could be identified as moderate-risk and problem gamblers respectively. Men were significantly more vulnerable to gambling problems (X2(1) = 35.00, p  < 0.01) than women. Most of the problematic gamblers (76%) made their first bet before 14 years. The PGSI scores are significantly correlated with the BSSS-8 scores ( r  = 0.23, p  < 0.01) but not with the overall ABS scores ( r  = -0.06, p  > 0.05). The study findings inform campus prevention programs and future research.

The prevalence and nature of gambling and problem gambling in South Korea.

PubMed

Williams, Robert J; Lee, Choong-Ki; Back, Ki Joon

2013-05-01

To establish the current prevalence of gambling and problem gambling in South Korea and to determine the associated demographic and game play patterns. Administration of a gambling survey over the phone to 4,000 randomly selected South Korean adults (19+), supplemented by an online survey of 4,330 members of a South Korean online panel. The past year prevalence of gambling among South Korean adults was 41.8 %. The past year engagement in individual forms of gambling was 36.2 % for lotteries and instant lotteries; 12.0 % for social gambling; 2.3 % for sports betting; 1.5 % for casino gambling; 1.5 % for internet gambling; and 1.1 % for horse, bicycle, or motor boat betting. The past year prevalence of problem gambling was 0.5 %. Logistic regression identified the best predictors of problem gambling to be: having a greater number of gambling fallacies; gambling on the internet; betting on horses, bicycling, or motor boat racing; social gambling; male gender; mental health problems; sports betting; motivation for gambling (gambling to escape); casino gambling; and lower income. The past year prevalence of gambling (41.8 %) and problem gambling (0.5 %) in South Korea is low compared to other countries, especially relative to other Asian jurisdictions. This relatively low prevalence of gambling is likely related to the very strong negative attitudes toward it, the low participation by females, and restricted access. The low prevalence of problem gambling is likely related to the relatively low prevalence of gambling and restricted access to continuous forms of gambling. The variables that are predictive of problem gambling in South Korea are quite similar to those found in other countries with a couple of important differences.

Investigation of the properties of Sb doping on tin oxide SNO2 materials for technological applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hachoun, Z.; Ouerdane, A.; Bouslama, M.; Ghaffour, M.; Abdellaoui, A.; Caudano, Y.; benamara, A. Ali

2016-04-01

The conductivities of the oxide SnO2 is dependent on the nature of the surrounding gas. This property stems from the adsorption or desorption on the surface of oxide grains. These phenomena are usually accompanied by electronic transfer between the adsorbed molecule and the semiconductor material, changing its conductivity. Tin oxidation and Sb doping were realized without and with heating process. The XPS technique and the TEM microscopy showed the synthesized nanocrystals. Simulated Monte Carlo program Casino is used for a scanning its profile. The surface characteristics are highlighted in the aim to be used as spatial gas sensors.

Problem gambling and help seeking among Chinese international students: narratives of place identity transformation.

PubMed

Li, Wendy Wen; Tse, Samson

2015-03-01

This article uses examples of problem gambling and help seeking among Chinese international students in New Zealand to demonstrate place identity transformation. Two-wave narrative interviews were conducted with 15 Chinese international students. Place identity among participants is shown to be a process that features the transformation of participants' identity. While the casinos in which the Chinese international students gambled gave rise to negative place identities, positive place identities facilitated the participants to change their problematic gambling. Through the investigation of place identity transformation, this article promotes a strength-based, non-labelling approach to intervention for people who are concerned about their gambling behaviours. © The Author(s) 2015.

A Comparison of Experimental EPMA Data and Monte Carlo Simulations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carpenter, P. K.

2004-01-01

Monte Carlo (MC) modeling shows excellent prospects for simulating electron scattering and x-ray emission from complex geometries, and can be compared to experimental measurements using electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA) and phi(rho z) correction algorithms. Experimental EPMA measurements made on NIST SRM 481 (AgAu) and 482 (CuAu) alloys, at a range of accelerating potential and instrument take-off angles, represent a formal microanalysis data set that has been used to develop phi(rho z) correction algorithms. The accuracy of MC calculations obtained using the NIST, WinCasino, WinXray, and Penelope MC packages will be evaluated relative to these experimental data. There is additional information contained in the extended abstract.

What makes gambling cool? Images of agency and self-control in fiction films.

PubMed

Egerer, Michael; Rantala, Varpu

2015-03-01

The study is a qualitative film analysis. It seeks to determine the semiotic and cinematic structures that make gambling appealing in films based on analysis of 72 film scenes from 28 narrative fiction films made from 1922 to 2003 about gambling in North American and West European mainstream cinema. The main game types include card games, casino games, and slot machines. The theme of self-control and competence was identified as being central to gambling's appeal. These images are strongly defined by gender. The study was funded by ELOMEDIA, financed by the Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture as well as the Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies. The limitations of the study are noted.

Usage of cornea and sclera back reflected images captured in security cameras for forensic and card games applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zalevsky, Zeev; Ilovitsh, Asaf; Beiderman, Yevgeny

2013-10-01

We present an approach allowing seeing objects that are hidden and that are not positioned in direct line of sight with security inspection cameras. The approach is based on inspecting the back reflections obtained from the cornea and the sclera of the eyes of people attending the inspected scene and which are positioned in front of the hidden objects we aim to image after performing proper calibration with point light source (e.g. a LED). The scene can be a forensic scene or for instance a casino in which the application is to see the cards of poker players seating in front of you.

Earth Observations taken by Expedition 26 crewmember

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-11-26

ISS026-E-006255 (30 Nov. 2010) --- This night time image, photographed by an Expedition 26 crew member on the International Space Station, features the Las Vegas, Nevada metropolitan area, located near the southern tip of the state within the Mohave Desert of the southwestern USA. While the city of Las Vegas proper is famous for its casinos and resort hotels – the city bills itself as “the entertainment capital of the world” – the metropolitan area includes several other incorporated cities and unincorporated (not part of a state-recognized municipality) areas. Crew members onboard the ISS observe and photograph numerous metropolitan sites when the areas are illuminated by sunlight, but the extent and pattern of these areas are perhaps best revealed by the city lights at night. The surrounding dark desert presents a stark contrast to the brightly lit, regular street grid of the developed metropolitan area. The Vegas Strip (center) is reputed to be the brightest spot on Earth due to the concentration of lights associated with its hotels and casinos. The tarmac of McCarran International Airport to the south is a dark feature by comparison. The airstrips of Nellis Air Force Base on the northeastern fringe of the metropolitan area are likewise dark compared to the well-lit adjacent streets and neighborhoods. The dark mass of Frenchman Mountain borders the metropolitan area to the east. Acquisition of focused night time images such as this one requires space station crew members to track the target with the handheld camera while the ISS is moving at a speed of more than seven kilometers per second (15,659 miles per hour) relative to Earth’s surface. This was achieved during ISS Expedition Six using a homemade tracking device, but subsequent crews have needed to develop manual tracking skills. These skills, together with advances in digital camera technology, have enabled recent ISS crews to acquire striking night time images of Earth.

Evidence for a nonmagmatic component in potassic hydrothermal fluids of porphyry cu-Au-Mo systems, Yukon, Canada

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Selby, David; Nesbitt, Bruce E.; Creaser, Robert A.; Reynolds, Peter H.; Muehlenbachs, Karlis

2001-02-01

Isotopic (H, Sr, Pb, Ar) and fluid inclusion data for hydrothermal fluids associated with potassic alteration from three Late Cretaceous porphyry Cu occurrences, west central Yukon, suggest a nonmagmatic fluid component was present in these hydrothermal fluids. Potassic stage quartz veins contain a dominant assemblage of saline and vapor-rich fluid inclusions that have δD values between -120 and -180‰. Phyllic stage quartz veins are dominated by vapor-rich fluid inclusions and have δD values that overlap with but are, on average, heavier (-117 to -132‰) than those in potassic stage quartz veins. These δD values are significantly lower than those from plutonic quartz phenocrysts (-91 to -113‰), and from values typically reported for primary fluids from porphyry-style mineralization (-40 to -100‰). The initial Sr ( 87Sr/ 86Sr i) isotopic values for the plutons are 0.7055 (Casino), 0.7048 (Mt. Nansen), and 0.7055 (Cash). The 87Sr/ 86Sr i compositions of hydrothermal K-feldspar ranges from magmatic Sr i values to more radiogenic compositions (Casino: 0.70551-0.70834, n = 8; Mt. Nansen: 0.7063-0.7070, n = 4; Cash: 0.7058, n = 1). The fluid inclusion waters from potassic quartz veins have 87Sr/ 86Sr i values that are similar to those of co-existing hydrothermal K-feldspar. The Pb isotopic compositions of hydrothermal K-feldspar show a weak positive correlation with Sr i for identical samples. Fluid inclusion waters of phyllic quartz veins also have Sr i compositions more radiogenic than the plutons. The Pb isotopic composition of pyrite and bornite from phyllic alteration veins are similar to, or more radiogenic than, hydrothermal K-feldspar Pb isotopic values. Hydrothermal K-feldspar samples yield 40Ar/ 39Ar ages (Casino = 71.9 ± 0.7 to 73.4 ± 0.8 Ma; Mt. Nansen = 68.2 ± 0.7 and 69.5 ± 0.6 Ma; Cash = 68.3 ± 0.8 Ma) similar to the U-Pb zircon, K-Ar biotite and Re-Os molybdenite ages of the Late Cretaceous plutons, with the age spectra indicating no excess 40Ar or disturbance. The 40Ar/ 36Ar values (285-292) of the K-feldspar samples are similar to the atmospheric compositions (295 ± 5) during Late Cretaceous time. The H, Sr, Pb, and Ar isotopic compositions of hydrothermal K-feldspar and quartz vein fluid inclusion waters that characterize the potassic hydrothermal fluids show evidence for an exotic component in addition to magmatic water (fluid). This component has a low δD, radiogenic Sr and Pb, and an atmospheric Ar composition. The inheritance of pre-existing isotope compositions from the host rocks, postpotassic alteration isotope exchange, or the replenishment of the magma chamber with magma of different isotopic composition cannot explain the isotope data. We suggest that to generate the observed H, Sr, Pb, and Ar isotope compositions, crustal fluids must be a component (15-94%) of potassic hydrothermal fluids in porphyry mineralization in the deposits studied.

Monitoring adolescent gambling in Minnesota.

PubMed

Winters, K C; Stinchfield, R D; Kim, L G

1995-06-01

Youth gambling was investigated in a prospective sample of 532 Minnesota adolescents and young adults. Of particular interest was the possible impact among the study sample of a recent state lottery and of reaching the legal age for gambling on changes in the rate and type of gambling. Overall rates of gambling involvement and pathological gambling did not change across the 1.5 year interval. However, a preference for certain types of gambling activities (e.g., lottery, casino machines) significantly increased, whereas more informal and unregulated games (e.g., betting on games of personal skill) significantly decreased. Also, access to gambling activities by underage youths was high, suggesting the need for tighter controls of legalized games and greater awareness of this problem by the gaming industry and public health officials.

Design of the central region in the Warsaw K-160 cyclotron

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Toprek, Dragan; Sura, Josef; Choinski, Jaroslav; Czosnyka, Tomas

2001-08-01

This paper describes the design of the central region for h=2 and 3 modes of acceleration in the Warsaw K-160 cyclotron. The central region is unique and compatible with the two above-mentioned harmonic modes of operation. Only one spiral type inflector will be used. The electric field distribution in the inflector and in the four acceleration gaps has been numerically calculated from an electric potential map produced by the program RELAX3D. The geometry of the central region has been tested with the computations of orbits carried out by means of the computer code CYCLONE. The optical properties of the spiral inflector and the central region were studied by using the programs CASINO and CYCLONE, respectively.

Correlation between Charge Contrast Imaging and the Distribution of Some Trace Level Impurities in Gibbsite

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baroni, Travis C.; Griffin, Brendan J.; Browne, James R.; Lincoln, Frank J.

2000-01-01

Charge contrast images (CCI) of synthetic gibbsite obtained on an environmental scanning electron microscope gives information on the crystallization process. Furthermore, X-ray mapping of the same grains shows that impurities are localized during the initial stages of growth and that the resulting composition images have features similar to these observed in CCI. This suggests a possible correlation between impurity distributions and the emission detected during CCI. X-ray line profiles, simulating the spatial distribution of impurities derived from the Monte Carlo program CASINO, have been compared with experimental line profiles and give an estimate of the localization. The model suggests that a main impurity, Ca, is depleted from the solution within approximately 3 4 [mu]m of growth.

Nevada gaming: revenues and taxes (1945-95).

PubMed

DePolo, R; Pingle, M

1997-01-01

In 1931, Nevada legalized casino gambling, an act which allowed its "gaming industry" to develop. Because many jurisdictions outside Nevada are now embracing legalized gambling as a path to a brighter economic future and because this proliferation presents Nevada with new challenges and opportunities, it is a good time to review the Nevada experience. Here, the focus is on gaming revenues and gaming tax collections during the 1945-95 period. We find that the growth rate of Nevada's gaming industry has slowed over time, with the relative importance of gaming in the Nevada economy peaking in the late 1970's. The Nevada economy has since been gradually diversifying, something which will increasingly pressure Nevadans to look for government revenue sources other than gaming if current levels of government services are to be maintained.

Laying the foundation for quantifying regional exposure to social phenomena: considering the case of legalized gambling as a public health toxin.

PubMed

Shaffer, Howard J; LaBrie, Richard A; LaPlante, Debi

2004-03-01

Exposure and adaptation models provide competing perspectives of the environmental influence on the development of addictive disorders. Exposure theory suggests that the presence of environmental toxins (e.g., casinos) increases the likelihood of related disease (e.g., gambling-related disorders). Adaptation theory proposes that new environmental toxins initially increase adverse reactions; subsequently, symptoms diminish as individuals adapt to such toxins and acquire resistance. The authors describe a new public health regional exposure model (REM) that provides a tool to gather empirical evidence in support of either model. This article demonstrates how the strategic REM, modified to examine gambling exposure, uses standardized indices of exposure to social phenomena at the regional level to quantify social constructs.

The U.S. Department of Energy Office of Indian Energy Policy and Programs, Tulsa, Oklahoma, Roundtable Summary

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

2011-04-14

TULSA EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Tulsa, Oklahoma DOE Tribal Roundtable convened on April 14th, at the Hard Rock Hotel and Casino. The meeting was hosted by the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Indian Policy and Programs and facilitated by Debra Drecksel, Senior Program Manager, Senior Facilitator, Udall Foundation’s U.S. Institute for Environmental Conflict Resolution (U.S. Institute) and Brian Manwaring, Program Manager, U.S. Institute. They were assisted by Lindsey Sexton, Program Associate, U.S. Institute.  Tribal leaders and representatives from multiple tribal communities attended the roundtable. David Conrad, Director of Tribal and Intergovernmental Affairs, DOE Office of Congressional and Intergovernmental Affairs represented DOEmore » at the meeting.  « less

Transfers of stimulus function during roulette wagering.

PubMed

Dixon, Mark R; Enoch, Mary Rachel; Belisle, Jordan

2017-10-01

Twenty-five recreational gamblers were initially asked to place bets on either red or black positions on a roulette board in a simulated casino setting. Each participant was then exposed to a stimulus pairing observing procedure which attempted to develop equivalence classes between one color (black or red) and traditionally positive words (e.g., love, happy, sex) and another color (black or red) and traditionally negative words (e.g., death, cancer, taxes), in the absence of consequence manipulations. Twenty-one of the twenty-five participants demonstrated greater response allocation to the color position on the roulette board that participated in a relational network with the positive words. Variations in sequencing of experimental conditions had no impact on poststimulus-pairing wagers, but did impact tests for equivalence accuracy. © 2017 Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior.

State formulating lifeline program

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1978-09-01

The Board of Public Utilities (BPU) of New Jersey is formulating a lifeline program which would provide low-income and elderly customers with reduced utility rates. It is estimated that 30% of the households in New Jersey will qualify for the program. While the legislation calls for the lowest effective rate of any customer class, each utility would have its own lifeline program because of differing rates among utility companies. Eligibility requirements would be applied statewide. The utilities will fund the new program by restructuring the existing rates for regular customers. In which case lifeline recipients' rate would decrease while regularmore » customers' bills would increase. Eventually, the BPU expects to fund about 10% of the senior citizens' portion of the program with the state's casino gambling revenues.« less

National estimates of Australian gambling prevalence: f indings from a dual-frame omnibus survey.

PubMed

Dowling, N A; Youssef, G J; Jackson, A C; Pennay, D W; Francis, K L; Pennay, A; Lubman, D I

2016-03-01

The increase in mobile telephone-only households may be a source of bias for traditional landline gambling prevalence surveys. Aims were to: (1) identify Australian gambling participation and problem gambling prevalence using a dual-frame (50% landline and 50% mobile telephone) computer-assisted telephone interviewing methodology; (2) explore the predictors of sample frame and telephone status; and (3) explore the degree to which sample frame and telephone status moderate the relationships between respondent characteristics and problem gambling. A total of 2000 adult respondents residing in Australia were interviewed from March to April 2013. Participation in multiple gambling activities and Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). Estimates were: gambling participation [63.9%, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 61.4-66.3], problem gambling (0.4%, 95% CI = 0.2-0.8), moderate-risk gambling (1.9%, 95% CI = 1.3-2.6) and low-risk gambling (3.0%, 95% CI = 2.2-4.0). Relative to the landline frame, the mobile frame was more likely to gamble on horse/greyhound races [odds ratio (OR) = 1.4], casino table games (OR = 5.0), sporting events (OR = 2.2), private games (OR = 1.9) and the internet (OR = 6.5); less likely to gamble on lotteries (OR = 0.6); and more likely to gamble on five or more activities (OR = 2.4), display problem gambling (OR = 6.4) and endorse PGSI items (OR = 2.4-6.1). Only casino table gambling (OR = 2.9) and internet gambling (OR = 3.5) independently predicted mobile frame membership. Telephone status (landline frame versus mobile dual users and mobile-only users) displayed similar findings. Finally, sample frame and/or telephone status moderated the relationship between gender, relationship status, health and problem gambling (OR = 2.9-7.6). Given expected future increases in the mobile telephone-only population, best practice in population gambling research should use dual frame sampling methodologies (at least 50% landline and 50% mobile telephone) for telephone interviewing. © 2015 The Authors. Addiction published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction.

National estimates of Australian gambling prevalence: f indings from a dual‐frame omnibus survey

PubMed Central

Youssef, G. J.; Jackson, A. C.; Pennay, D. W.; Francis, K. L.; Pennay, A.; Lubman, D. I.

2016-01-01

Abstract Background, aims and design The increase in mobile telephone‐only households may be a source of bias for traditional landline gambling prevalence surveys. Aims were to: (1) identify Australian gambling participation and problem gambling prevalence using a dual‐frame (50% landline and 50% mobile telephone) computer‐assisted telephone interviewing methodology; (2) explore the predictors of sample frame and telephone status; and (3) explore the degree to which sample frame and telephone status moderate the relationships between respondent characteristics and problem gambling. Setting and participants A total of 2000 adult respondents residing in Australia were interviewed from March to April 2013. Measurements Participation in multiple gambling activities and Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). Findings Estimates were: gambling participation [63.9%, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 61.4–66.3], problem gambling (0.4%, 95% CI = 0.2–0.8), moderate‐risk gambling (1.9%, 95% CI = 1.3–2.6) and low‐risk gambling (3.0%, 95% CI = 2.2–4.0). Relative to the landline frame, the mobile frame was more likely to gamble on horse/greyhound races [odds ratio (OR) = 1.4], casino table games (OR = 5.0), sporting events (OR = 2.2), private games (OR = 1.9) and the internet (OR = 6.5); less likely to gamble on lotteries (OR = 0.6); and more likely to gamble on five or more activities (OR = 2.4), display problem gambling (OR = 6.4) and endorse PGSI items (OR = 2.4‐6.1). Only casino table gambling (OR = 2.9) and internet gambling (OR = 3.5) independently predicted mobile frame membership. Telephone status (landline frame versus mobile dual users and mobile‐only users) displayed similar findings. Finally, sample frame and/or telephone status moderated the relationship between gender, relationship status, health and problem gambling (OR = 2.9–7.6). Conclusion Given expected future increases in the mobile telephone‐only population, best practice in population gambling research should use dual frame sampling methodologies (at least 50% landline and 50% mobile telephone) for telephone interviewing. PMID:26381314

Women's gambling behaviour, product preferences, and perceptions of product harm: differences by age and gambling risk status.

PubMed

McCarthy, Simone; Thomas, Samantha L; Randle, Melanie; Bestman, Amy; Pitt, Hannah; Cowlishaw, Sean; Daube, Mike

2018-04-24

Women's participation in, and harm from gambling, is steadily increasing. There has been very limited research to investigate how gambling behaviour, product preferences, and perceptions of gambling harm may vary across subgroups of women. This study surveyed a convenience sample of 509 women from Victoria and New South Wales, Australia. Women were asked a range of questions about their socio-demographic characteristics and gambling behaviour. Focusing on four gambling products in Australia-casino gambling, electronic gambling machines (EGMs), horse betting, and sports betting-women were asked about their frequency of participation, their product preferences, and perceptions of product harms. The sample was segmented a priori according to age and gambling risk status, and differences between groups were identified using Chi-square tests and ANOVAs. Thematic analysis was used to interpret qualitative data. Almost two thirds (n = 324, 63.7%) of women had engaged with one of the four products in the previous 12 months. Compared to other age groups, younger women aged 16-34 years exhibited a higher proportion of problem gambling, gambled more frequently, and across more products. While EGMs were the product gambled on most frequently by women overall, younger women were significantly more likely to bet on sports and gamble at casinos relative to older women. Qualitative data indicated that younger women engaged with gambling products as part of a "night out", "with friends", due to their "ease of access" and perceived "chance of winning big". There were significant differences in the perceptions of the harms associated with horse and sports betting according to age and gambling risk status, with younger women and gamblers perceiving these products as less harmful. This study highlights that there are clear differences in the gambling behaviour, product preferences, and perceptions of product harms between subgroups of women. A gendered approach will enable public health researchers and policymakers to ensure that the unique factors associated with women's gambling are taken into consideration in a comprehensive public health approach to reducing and preventing gambling harm.

Respirable particles and carcinogens in the air of delaware hospitality venues before and after a smoking ban.

PubMed

Repace, James

2004-09-01

How do the concentrations of indoor air pollutants known to increase risk of respiratory disease, cancer, heart disease, and stroke change after a smoke-free workplace law? Real-time measurements were made of respirable particle (RSP) air pollution and particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PPAH), in a casino, six bars, and a pool hall before and after a smoking ban. Secondhand smoke contributed 90% to 95% of the RSP air pollution during smoking, and 85% to 95% of the carcinogenic PPAH, greatly exceeding levels of these contaminants encountered on major truck highways and polluted city streets. This air-quality survey demonstrates conclusively that the health of hospitality workers and patrons is endangered by tobacco smoke pollution. Smoke-free workplace laws eliminate that hazard and provide health protection impossible to achieve through ventilation or air cleaning.

Rosebud Sioux Wind Energy Project

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tony Rogers

2008-04-30

In 1998, through the vision of the late Alex “Little Soldier” Lunderman (1928-2000) and through the efforts of the Rosebud Sioux Tribal Utilities Commission, and with assistance from Intertribal Council on Utility Policy (COUP), and Distributed Generation, Inc (DISGEN). The Rosebud Sioux Tribe applied and was awarded in 1999 a DOE Cooperative Grant to build a commercial 750 Kw wind turbine, along with a 50/50 funding grant from the Department of Energy and a low interest loan from the Rural Utilities Service, United States Department of Agriculture, the Rosebud Sioux Tribe commissioned a single 750 kilowatt NEG Micon wind turbinemore » in March of 2003 near the Rosebud Casino. The Rosebud Sioux Wind Energy Project (Little Soldier “Akicita Cikala”) Turbine stands as a testament to the vision of a man and the Sicangu Oyate.« less

Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of NiO

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maezono, Ryo; Towler, Mike D.; Needs, Richard. J.

2008-03-01

We describe variational and diffusion quantum Monte Carlo (VMC and DMC) calculations [1] of NiO using a 1024-electron simulation cell. We have used a smooth, norm-conserving, Dirac-Fock pseudopotential [2] in our work. Our trial wave functions were of Slater-Jastrow form, containing orbitals generated in Gaussian-basis UHF periodic calculations. Jastrow factor is optimized using variance minimization with optimized cutoff lengths using the same scheme as our previous work. [4] We apply the lattice regulated scheme [5] to evaluate non-local pseudopotentials in DMC and find the scheme improves the smoothness of the energy-volume curve. [1] CASINO ver.2.1 User Manual, University of Cambridge (2007). [2] J.R. Trail et.al., J. Chem. Phys. 122, 014112 (2005). [3] CRYSTAL98 User's Manual, University of Torino (1998). [4] Ryo Maezono et.al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 025701 (2007). [5] Michele Casula, Phys. Rev. B 74, 161102R (2006).

New Evidence on the Price Effects of Cigarette Tax Competition.

PubMed

Carpenter, Christopher S; Mathes, Michael T

2016-05-01

Multiple studies have shown that cigarette taxes are more than fully passed through to cigarette prices and that access to a nearby state with a lower cigarette tax also reduces local cigarette prices. We study two other sources of tax competition: nearby Native American reservations and online sales. Using quarterly data on local cigarette prices from 1976-2003, we show that the opening of a Native American casino within 25 miles of a city center is associated with a $0.016-$0.027 lower per-pack price, while a 50 percentage point increase in internet penetration is associated with a $0.22-$0.25 per-pack price reduction. These effects are not observed for other local prices for which there is no potential tax savings. Our results further our understanding of how tax competition affects local cigarette prices and provide context to studies linking Native American reservations and internet penetration to cigarette smuggling.

Judi Dench's age-inappropriateness and the role of M: challenging normative temporality.

PubMed

Krainitzki, Eva

2014-04-01

This article approaches Judi Dench's role as M in the long-running James Bond series from a gender and ageing studies' perspective and explores this character's subversion of normative concepts of gender and temporality. Based on the assumption that cultural narratives shape our understanding of ageing, it examines how M disrupts prescribed age- and gender roles, presenting an alternative within films which otherwise perpetuate normative notions of a sexualised, youthful femininity. It focusses on Dench's return as M in Casino Royale (2006), as an instance of anachronism (Russo, 1999), subverting viewers' expectation of linear timelines and examines M's challenge of normative age-appropriateness in Skyfall (2012). Despite M's portrayal as a more vulnerable female character in the latter, this article presents her character as an alternative to traditional portrayals of older women on screen. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Beam orbit simulation in the central region of the RIKEN AVF cyclotron

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Toprek, Dragan; Goto, Akira; Yano, Yasushige

1999-04-01

This paper describes the modification design of the central region for h=2 mode of acceleration in the RIKEN AVF cyclotron. we made a small modification to the electrode shape in the central region for optimization of the beam transmission. The central region is equipped with an axial injection system. The spiral type inflector is used for axial injection. The electric field distribution in the inflector and in four acceleration gaps has been numerically calculated from an electric potential map produced by the program RELAX3D. The magnetic field is measured. The geometry of the central region has been tested with the computations of orbits carried out by means of the computer code CYCLONE. The optical properties of the spiral inflector and the central region are studied by using the program CASINO and CYCLONE, respectively. We have also made an effort to minimize the inflector fringe field effects using the RELAX3D program.

RHEED-TRAXS as a tool for in-situ stoichiometry control.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chandril, Sandeep; Keenan, Cameron; Myers, Thomas; Lederman, David

2008-03-01

RHEED-total reflection x-ray spectroscopy (-TRAXS) is an in-situ chemical and structural characterization technique which is highly surface sensitive. This consists of a grazing-angle electron beam from which characteristic x-rays from the sample are measured also at grazing angles. We have demonstrated that monolayer sensitivity in Y and Mn films on GaN can be achieved. We have also developed a theoretical model for the angular dependence of the x-ray Kα peaks for the thin films, based on Parratt's formalism for x-ray reflectivity and the electron trajectory simulation software CASINO, to correct for grazing angle electron beam as a source for x-rays. As the angular dependence is highly dependent upon the film thickness and the smoothness of the film, it can be used to determine the deposition rate of individual elements as well as the interface chemical roughness

Systematic discrepancies in Monte Carlo predictions of k-ratios emitted from thin films on substrates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Statham, P.; Llovet, X.; Duncumb, P.

2012-03-01

We have assessed the reliability of different Monte Carlo simulation programmes using the two available Bastin-Heijligers databases of thin-film measurements by EPMA. The MC simulation programmes tested include Curgenven-Duncumb MSMC, NISTMonte, Casino and PENELOPE. Plots of the ratio of calculated to measured k-ratios ("kcalc/kmeas") against various parameters reveal error trends that are not apparent in simple error histograms. The results indicate that the MC programmes perform quite differently on the same dataset. However, they appear to show a similar pronounced trend with a "hockey stick" shape in the "kcalc/kmeas versus kmeas" plots. The most sophisticated programme PENELOPE gives the closest correspondence with experiment but still shows a tendency to underestimate experimental k-ratios by 10 % for films that are thin compared to the electron range. We have investigated potential causes for this systematic behaviour and extended the study to data not collected by Bastin and Heijligers.

Non-destructive determination of thickness of the dielectric layers using EDX

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sokolov, S. A.; Kelm, E. A.; Milovanov, R. A.; Abdullaev, D. A.; Sidorov, L. N.

2016-12-01

In this work a non-destructive method for measuring the thickness of the dielectric layers consisting of silicon dioxide and silicon nitride has been developed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). Rising in accelerating voltage of electron beam leads to increasing in the depth of generation of the characteristic X-ray. If the ratio of the signal intensity of one of the substrate's elements to the noise equal to 3 suggests that the generation's depth of the characteristic X-ray coincides with the thickness of the overlying film. Dependence of the overlying film's thickness on the accelerating voltage can be plotted. Validation of the results was carried out by using the equation of Anderson-Hassler. The generation's volume of the characteristic X-Ray was simulated by CASINO program. The simulations results are in good agreement with experimental results for small thicknesses.

New Evidence on the Price Effects of Cigarette Tax Competition

PubMed Central

Carpenter, Christopher S.; Mathes, Michael T.

2016-01-01

Multiple studies have shown that cigarette taxes are more than fully passed through to cigarette prices and that access to a nearby state with a lower cigarette tax also reduces local cigarette prices. We study two other sources of tax competition: nearby Native American reservations and online sales. Using quarterly data on local cigarette prices from 1976–2003, we show that the opening of a Native American casino within 25 miles of a city center is associated with a $0.016-$0.027 lower per-pack price, while a 50 percentage point increase in internet penetration is associated with a $0.22-$0.25 per-pack price reduction. These effects are not observed for other local prices for which there is no potential tax savings. Our results further our understanding of how tax competition affects local cigarette prices and provide context to studies linking Native American reservations and internet penetration to cigarette smuggling. PMID:27840571

Implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in Construction: A Comparative Case Study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rowlinson, Steve; Collins, Ronan; Tuuli, Martin M.; Jia, Yunyan

2010-05-01

Building Information Modeling (BIM) approach is increasingly adopted in coordination of construction projects, with a number of parties providing BIM services and software solutions. However, the empirical impact of BIM on construction industry has yet to be investigated. This paper explores the interaction between BIM and the construction industry during its implementation, with a specific focus on the empirical impacts of BIM on the design and construction processes and professional roles during the process. Two cases were selected from recent construction projects coordinated with BIM systems: the Venetian Casino project in Macau and the Cathy Pacific Cargo Terminal project in Hong Kong. The former case illustrates how the conflicts emerged during the design process and procurement were addressed by adopting a BIM approach. The latter demonstrates how the adoption of BIM altered the roles of architect, contractor, and sub-contractors involved in the project. The impacts of BIM were critically reviewed and discussed.

Using behavioral skills training and video rehearsal to teach blackjack skills.

PubMed

Speelman, Ryan C; Whiting, Seth W; Dixon, Mark R

2015-09-01

A behavioral skills training procedure that consisted of video instructions, video rehearsal, and video testing was used to teach 4 recreational gamblers a specific skill in playing blackjack (sometimes called card counting). A multiple baseline design was used to evaluate intervention effects on card-counting accuracy and chips won or lost across participants. Before training, no participant counted cards accurately. Each participant completed all phases of the training protocol, counting cards fluently with 100% accuracy during changing speed criterion training exercises. Generalization probes were conducted while participants played blackjack in a mock casino following each training phase. Afterwards, all 4 participants were able to count cards while they played blackjack. In conjunction with count accuracy, total winnings were tracked to determine the monetary advantages associated with counting cards. After losing money during baseline, 3 of 4 participants won a substantial amount of money playing blackjack after the intervention. © Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior.

A free ride? An analysis of the association of casino bus tours and problem gambling among older adults.

PubMed

van der Maas, Mark; Mann, Robert E; Matheson, Flora I; Turner, Nigel E; Hamilton, Hayley A; McCready, John

2017-12-01

Little research has examined the relationship between incentives used by gambling venues to attract customers and the experience of gambling-related harm. Organized and subsidized bus tours are a common example of such incentives. The aim of this study was to examine whether bus-tour patronage was associated with increased odds of problem gambling among older adults. This study also compared rates of bus-tour use by socio-demographic characteristics and gambling behaviours. Pearson's χ 2 tests and Mann-Whitney U-tests were applied for bivariate analyses. Multivariate generalized mixed-effects regression modelling was used to examine the relationship between bus-tour patronage and problem gambling while controlling for possible confounding factors. Seven gambling venues located in Central and Southwestern Ontario, Canada. A total of 1978 gambling venue patrons over the age of 55 years. Problem gambling as indicated by the Problem Gambling Severity Index, bus-tour patronage in the 12 months prior to the survey, spending per gambling visit and past-month slot machine participation. Regression analyses showed that bus-tour patronage was associated with higher odds of problem gambling [odds ratio (OR) = 1.71, confidence interval (CI) = 1.06, 2.76] after controlling for several demographic characteristics, type of gambling and gambling expenditures. Bivariate analyses showed past-year bus-tour patronage was associated with more frequent slot machine play (χ 2 = 48.16, P < 0.001), more past-year gambling venue visits (P < 0.001) and lower spending on gambling per casino visit (P < 0.001). Compared with non-patrons, bus tour patrons were more likely to be female (χ 2 = 21.92, P < 0.001), born outside Canada (χ 2 = 113.18, P < 0.001), above the age of 75 (χ 2 = 24.02, P < 0.001) and retired (χ 2 = 16.60, P < 0.001). When adjusting for potential confounders among older adults, using bus tours to access Canadian gambling venues is associated with increased risk of problem gambling. Bus-tour patrons are more likely to be female, born outside Canada and above the age of 75 years. © 2017 The Authors. Addiction published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction.

In the Casino of Life: Betting on Risks and Ignoring the Consequences of Climate Change and Hazards

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brosnan, D. M.

2016-12-01

Even faced with strong scientific evidence decision-makers cite uncertainty and delay actions. Scientists, confident in the quality of their science and acknowledging that uncertainty while present is low by scientific standards, become more frustrated as their information is ignored. Decreasing scientific uncertainty, a hallmark of long term studies e.g. IPCC reports does little to motivate decision-makers. Imperviousness to scientific data is prevalent across all scales. Municipalities prefer to spend millions of dollars on engineered solutions to climate change and hazards, even if science shows that they perform less well than nature-based ones and cost much more. California is known to be at risk from tsunamis generated by earthquakes off Alaska. A study using a 9.1 earthquake, similar to a 1965 event, calculated the immediate economic price tag in infrastructure loss and business interruption at 9.5billion. The exposure of Los Angeles/Long Beach port trade to damage and downtime exceeds 1.2billion; business interruption would triple the figure. Yet despite several excellent scientific studies, the State is ill prepared; investments in infrastructure commerce and conservation risk being literally washed away. Globally there is a 5-10% probability of an extreme geohazard, e.g, a Tambora like eruption, occurring in this century. With a "value of statistical life" of 2.2 million and population at 7 billion the risk for fatalities alone is 1.1-7billion per yr. But there is little interest in investing the $0.5-3.5 billion per year in volcano monitoring necessary to reduce fatalities and lower risks of global conflict, starvation, and societal destruction. More science and less uncertainty is clearly not the driver of action. But is speaking with certainty really the answer? Decision makers and scientists are in the same casino of life but rarely play at the same tables. Decision makers bet differently to scientists. To motivate action we need to be cognizant of two related but frequently decoupled factors 1. How does the audience identify and rank risks? 2.What are the consequences of ignoring risks and facing the outcomes? Presentation explores scientists' and decision makers' betting on risks and ignoring the consequences on climate change and hazards.

Federal control of Indian Lands v. State control of Gaming - Cabazon Bingo and the Indian Gaming regulatory act.

PubMed

Strate, L D; Mayo, A M

1990-03-01

In September, 1988, the 100th Congress passed the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, concluding five years of debate over the Indian Gaming issue - brought to a head by a Supreme Court decision in February, 1987, that barred states from regulating Indian Gaming. That case (State of California v. Cabazon Band of Mission Indians) forced the legislature to take a serious look at issues of gaming on Indian lands. The result was the creation of a three-tiered system whereby tribes will control ceremonial games, the federal government will control bingo, and the states and tribes will negotiate agreements to cover casino games, parimutuel racing, and jai alai, if such games are legal in that particular state. In light of the case of the Cabazon Indians and the passage of the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, this paper will address the following competing issues: tribal sovereignty, state interests, federal interests, and states like Nevada, which have a regulated gaming industry.

Gaming industry employees' responses to responsible gambling training: a public health imperative.

PubMed

LaPlante, Debi A; Gray, Heather M; LaBrie, Richard A; Kleschinsky, John H; Shaffer, Howard J

2012-06-01

Gaming industry employees work in settings that create personal health risks. They also have direct contact with customers who might engage in multiple risky activities (e.g., drinking, smoking, and gambling) and might need to facilitate help-seeking by patrons or co-workers who experience problems. Consequently, the empirical examination of the processes and procedures designed to prepare employees for such complex situations is a public health imperative. In the current study we describe an evaluation of the Casino, Inc. Play Responsibly responsible gaming program. We surveyed 217 employees prior to and 1 month after (n = 116) they completed a multimedia driven responsible gambling training program. We observed that employees improved their knowledge of responsible gambling concepts from baseline to follow-up. The Play Responsibly program was more successful in providing new knowledge than it was in correcting mistaken beliefs that existed prior to training. We conclude, generally, that Play Responsibly is associated with increases in employees' responsible gambling knowledge.

Applying Quantum Monte Carlo to the Electronic Structure Problem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Powell, Andrew D.; Dawes, Richard

2016-06-01

Two distinct types of Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) calculations are applied to electronic structure problems such as calculating potential energy curves and producing benchmark values for reaction barriers. First, Variational and Diffusion Monte Carlo (VMC and DMC) methods using a trial wavefunction subject to the fixed node approximation were tested using the CASINO code.[1] Next, Full Configuration Interaction Quantum Monte Carlo (FCIQMC), along with its initiator extension (i-FCIQMC) were tested using the NECI code.[2] FCIQMC seeks the FCI energy for a specific basis set. At a reduced cost, the efficient i-FCIQMC method can be applied to systems in which the standard FCIQMC approach proves to be too costly. Since all of these methods are statistical approaches, uncertainties (error-bars) are introduced for each calculated energy. This study tests the performance of the methods relative to traditional quantum chemistry for some benchmark systems. References: [1] R. J. Needs et al., J. Phys.: Condensed Matter 22, 023201 (2010). [2] G. H. Booth et al., J. Chem. Phys. 131, 054106 (2009).

Cathodoluminescence Study of Hafnium Oxide

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Purcell, Emily; Hengehold, Robert; McClory, John

2011-10-01

Hafnium dioxide (HfO2) is increasingly being used in place of silicon oxide as a gate insulator in field effect transistors. This is primarily due to its high dielectric constant, κ, of 25. Samples of HfO2 were grown by either atomic layer deposition (ALD) or pulsed laser deposition (PLD), with the PLD samples having assorted substrate temperatures during deposition (300 C, 500 C, and 750 C). Cathodoluminescence (CL) was chosen as the technique used for studying these HfO2 samples. The CL system used was capable of beam energies ranging from 1 keV to 20 keV and beam currents ranging from 10 μA to 50 μA. A Monte Carlo calculation using CASINO software was performed in order to determine the beam energy for the desired depth of penetration. Measurements were taken at sample temperatures ranging from 7K (closed cycled cryostat) to 300K (room temperature), as well as at various beam energies and beam currents. Comparison will be made between the PLD and ALD spectra.

Can demographic variables predict lottery and pari-mutuel losses? An empirical investigation.

PubMed

Lang, K Brandon; Omori, Megumi

2009-06-01

Using data from the 2004 and 2005 Consumer Expenditure Surveys (CES) comprising of 15,000 respondents, this study examines two research questions. The first of these considers the demographic differences between households whose members lose money playing the lottery and/or engaging in pari-mutuel betting and those whose members do not lose money participating in such activities. The second assesses demographic differences among households whose members lose money playing the lottery and/or engaging in pari-mutuel betting. It was found that respondents living in money-losing households are slightly older, better off financially, more likely to be married or divorced, more likely to live in a state with at least one legal casino and more likely to live in the Northeast than respondents living in non-money-losing households. Among those living in money-losing households, the least wealthy and African American respondents are more likely to lose a higher proportion of their respective incomes purchasing lottery tickets and engaging in pari-mutuel betting than wealthier respondents and whites.

Problem and pathological gambling among college athletes.

PubMed

Kerber, Cynthia Sullivan

2005-01-01

Problematic gambling is common in college students, and in particular, athletes. The frequency of problem and pathological gambling was determined among 636 college athletes at three Midwest universities using the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS). The Gambling Attitude Scale (GAS) was used to assess college athletes' attitudes toward gambling in general and toward four modes of gambling (casinos, betting on horse races, lottery and the Internet). A profile of college athletes' gambling attitudes and behavior was developed through the data obtained from each of these instruments. Nearly 15% of respondents had a SOGS score >or=3, indicating problem or pathological gambling. Those at risk for a gambling problem gambled frequently, had family and/or friends with perceived gambling problems, were nonwhite, older, started gambling at a younger age, preferred games of skill, and held positive attitudes toward gambling in general and Internet gambling, in particular. Gambling problems are widespread among college athletes who constitute a vulnerable group. Specific interventions are needed to target this group.

[The role of external letter positions in visual word recognition].

PubMed

Perea, Manuel; Lupker, Sthephen J

2007-11-01

A key issue for any computational model of visual word recognition is the choice of an input coding schema, which is responsible for assigning letter positions. Such a schema must reflect the fact that, according to recent research, nonwords created by transposing letters (e.g., caniso for CASINO ), typically, appear to be more similar to the word than nonwords created by replacing letters (e.g., caviro ). In the present research, we initially carried out a computational analysis examining the degree to which the position of the transposition influences transposed-letter similarity effects. We next conducted a masked priming experiment with the lexical decision task to determine whether a transposed-letter priming advantage occurs when the first letter position is involved. Primes were created by either transposing the first and third letters (démula-MEDULA ) or replacing the first and third letters (bérula-MEDULA). Results showed that there was no transposed-letter priming advantage in this situation. We discuss the implications of these results for models of visual word recognition.

Who Seeks Treatment When Medicine Opens the Door to Pathological Gambling Patients-Psychiatric Comorbidity and Heavy Predominance of Online Gambling.

PubMed

Håkansson, Anders; Mårdhed, Emma; Zaar, Mats

2017-01-01

Few studies have assessed treatment-seeking behavior and patient characteristics in pathological gambling focusing on psychiatric comorbidity, particularly in a setting of heavy exposure to online gambling. This study aimed to address patient characteristics in a novel health care-based treatment modality for pathological gambling, including potential associations between gambling types, psychiatric comorbidity, and gender. All patients undergoing structured assessment between January 2016 and April 2017 were included ( N  = 106), and patient records were reviewed for cooccurring psychiatric disorders and types of problem games. Eighty percent were men, and 58% received a psychiatric disorder apart from pathological gambling. Problematic gambling on online casino and online sports betting represented 84% of patients. Non-substance-related psychiatric comorbidity was significantly associated with female gender. Online gambling is more clearly predominating in this setting than in studies from other countries. High rates of comorbidity call for structured psychiatric assessment in problem gambling, with a particular focus on female patients with pathological gambling.

[Forms of pathological gambling: empirical research on consumers behaviour of sport betting and lottery participants].

PubMed

Plöntzke, Babett; Albrecht, Ulrike; Thalemann, Carolin; Grüsser, Sabine Miriam

2004-08-01

Gambling is one of the favourite leisure activities. 70-90 % of the grown-up population have gambled at least once in their life. Over the last few years, however, the variety of opportunities to gamble has changed. Decreasing numbers of casino visitors can be seen against an ever-increasing number of people using slot machines, and taking part in national lotteries and sport betting. Comprehensive empirical research regarding consumer behaviour and addiction potential involved in sport betting has been non-existent and only a few studies have dealt with lottery. In the present study, 108 subjects were questioned in Austrian betting offices. 33.3 % of the sample fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for pathological sport betting. Of the sport betting subjects who additionally play lottery, 22.92 % were diagnosed as being pathological lottery gamblers. Based on the criteria of substance addiction, the data demonstrate that sport betting and lottery have addiction potential and can therefore be seen as non-substance-related addiction.

WNCC Observatory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Snyder, L. F.

2003-05-01

Western Nevada Community College (WNCC), located in Carson City, Nevada, is a small two year college with only 6,000 students. Associate degrees and Cer- tificates of Achievement are awarded. The college was built and started classes in 1971 and about 12 years ago the chair of the physics department along with a few in administration had dreams of building a small observatory for education. Around that time a local foundation, Nevada Gaming Foundation for Education Excellence, was looking for a beneficiary in the education field to receive a grant. They decided an observatory at the college met their criteria. Grants to the foundation instigated by Senators, businesses, and Casinos and donations from the local public now total $1.3 million. This paper will explain the different facets of building the observatory, the planning, construction, telescopes and equipment decisions and how we think it will operate for the public, education and research. The organization of local volunteers to operate and maintain the observatory and the planned re- search will be explained.

Rapid on-site defibrillation versus community program.

PubMed

Fedoruk, J C; Paterson, D; Hlynka, M; Fung, K Y; Gobet, Michael; Currie, Wayne

2002-01-01

For patients who suffer out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, the time from collapse to initial defibrillation is the single most important factor that affects survival to hospital discharge. The purpose of this study was to compare the survival rates of cardiac arrest victims within an institution that has a rapid defibrillation program with those of its own urban community, tiered EMS system. A logistic regression analysis of a retrospective data series (n = 23) and comparative analysis to a second retrospective data series (n = 724) were gathered for the study period September 1994 to September 1999. The first data series included all persons at Casino Windsor who suffered a cardiac arrest. Data collected included: age, gender, death/survival (neurologically intact discharge), presenting rhythm (ventricular fibrillation (VF), ventricular tachycardia (VT), or other), time of collapse, time to arrival of security personnel, time to initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) prior to defibrillation (when applicable), time to arrival of staff nurse, time to initial defibrillation, and time to return of spontaneous circulation (if any). Significantly, all arrests within this series were witnessed by the surveillance camera systems, allowing time of collapse to be accurately determined rather than estimated. These data were compared to those of similar events, times, and intervals for all patients in the greater Windsor area who suffered cardiac arrest. This second series was based upon the Ontario Prehospital Advanced Life Support (OPALS) Study database, as coordinated by the Clinical Epidemiology Unit of the Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa. The Casino Windsor had 23 cases of cardiac arrests. Of the cases, 13 (56.5%) were male and 10 (43.5%) were female. All cases (100%) were witnessed. The average of the ages was 61.1 years, of the time to initial defibrillation was 7.7 minutes, and of the time for EMS to reach the patient was 13.3 minutes. The presenting rhythm was VF/VT in 91% of the case. Fifteen patients were discharged alive from hospital for a 65% survival rate. The Greater Windsor Study area included 668 cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Of these, 410 (61.4%) were male and 258 (38.6%) were female, 365 (54.6%) were witnessed, and 303 (45.4%) were not witnessed. The initial rhythm was VF/VT was in 34.3%. Thirty-seven (5.5%) were discharged alive from the hospital. This study provides further evidence that PAD Programs may enhance cardiac arrest survival rates and should be considered for any venue with large numbers of adults as well as areas with difficult medical access.

Gambling in Singapore: an overview of history, research, treatment and policy.

PubMed

Winslow, Munidasa; Cheok, Christopher; Subramaniam, Mythily

2015-09-01

This paper describes the current situation regarding gambling in Singapore in relation to its historical and cultural context. A computerized search was performed of two databases (PubMed and PsychINFO) and the reference lists from the papers searched manually to identify relevant studies. The findings were synthesized and their implications assessed. In addition to state lotteries and much informal gambling, Singapore has two large resort casinos, which rank third after Las Vegas and Macau in terms of gross revenues. The major ethnic subgroups in Singapore have different cultural connections to gambling, including the active involvement of the Chinese and religious prohibition among the Malay. A range of secondary prevention and treatment services has been developed to attempt to minimize potential negative impacts. Overall, the prevalence of pathological gambling and problem gambling has decreased in recent years: an estimated 0.2% are classified as probable pathological gamblers compared with 1.4% in 2011, 1.2% in 2008 and 2.1% in 2005. Singapore has experienced a reduction in problem gambling prevalence which may reflect the influence of multiple initiatives. © 2015 Society for the Study of Addiction.

ZnO sublimation using a polyenergetic pulsed electron beam source: numerical simulation and validation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tricot, S.; Semmar, N.; Lebbah, L.; Boulmer-Leborgne, C.

2010-02-01

This paper details the electro-thermal study of the sublimation phase on a zinc oxide surface. This thermodynamic process occurs when a ZnO target is bombarded by a pulsed electron beam source composed of polyenergetic electrons. The source delivers short pulses of 180 ns of electrons with energies up to 16 keV. The beam total current reaches 800 A and is focused onto a spot area 2 mm in diameter. The Monte Carlo CASINO program is used to study the first stage of the interaction and to define the heat source space distribution inside the ZnO target. Simulation of the second stage of interaction is developed in a COMSOL multiphysics project. The simulated thermal field induced by space and time heat conduction is presented. Typically for a pulsed electron beam 2 mm in diameter of electrons having energies up to 16 keV, the surface temperature reaches a maximum of 7000 K. The calculations are supported by SEM pictures of the target irradiated by various beam energies and numbers of pulses.

Examining gambling-related crime reports in the National Finnish Police Register.

PubMed

Kuoppamäki, Sanna-Mari; Kääriäinen, Juha; Lind, Kalle

2014-12-01

The aim of this study is to examine the connection between gambling and criminal activity in the National Finnish Police Register. First, a method was created that enabled the search for gambling-related police reports in the National Finnish Police Register. The method is based on finding gambling-related police reports by using gambling-related headwords. Second, all police reports from 2011 that included any mention of gambling were read through (n = 2,233). Suspected gambling-related of crimes (n = 737) were selected from these reports. Those suspected gambling-related crimes were then described and categorized into six different categories: suspected online-related crimes; suspected crimes that were related to lifestyle-gaming; suspected crimes that involved a gambler as a victim of a crime; criminal activity related to problem gambling; casino-connected crimes, and intimate partnership violence resulting from gambling problems. This study, being the first in Finland, generated information on the connection between gambling and criminal activity from the perspective of police reports. Moreover, the study highlights methodological issues that are involved in studying police reports.

Gambling disorder: estimated prevalence rates and risk factors in Macao.

PubMed

Wu, Anise M S; Lai, Mark H C; Tong, Kwok-Kit

2014-12-01

An excessive, problematic gambling pattern has been regarded as a mental disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM) for more than 3 decades (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1980). In this study, its latest prevalence in Macao (one of very few cities with legalized gambling in China and the Far East) was estimated with 2 major changes in the diagnostic criteria, suggested by the 5th edition of DSM (APA, 2013): (a) removing the "Illegal Act" criterion, and (b) lowering the threshold for diagnosis. A random, representative sample of 1,018 Macao residents was surveyed with a phone poll design in January 2013. After the 2 changes were adopted, the present study showed that the estimated prevalence rate of gambling disorder was 2.1% of the Macao adult population. Moreover, the present findings also provided empirical support to the application of these 2 recommended changes when assessing symptoms of gambling disorder among Chinese community adults. Personal risk factors of gambling disorder, namely being male, having low education, a preference for casino gambling, as well as high materialism, were identified.

Accuracy of self-reported versus actual online gambling wins and losses.

PubMed

Braverman, Julia; Tom, Matthew A; Shaffer, Howard J

2014-09-01

This study is the first to compare the accuracy of self-reported with actual monetary outcomes of online fixed odds sports betting, live action sports betting, and online casino gambling at the individual level of analysis. Subscribers to bwin.party digital entertainment's online gambling service volunteered to respond to the Brief Bio-Social Gambling Screen and questions about their estimated gambling results on specific games for the last 3 or 12 months. We compared the estimated results of each subscriber with his or her actual betting results data. On average, between 34% and 40% of the participants expressed a favorable distortion of their gambling outcomes (i.e., they underestimated losses or overestimated gains) depending on the time period and game. The size of the discrepancy between actual and self-reported results was consistently associated with the self-reported presence of gambling-related problems. However, the specific direction of the reported discrepancy (i.e., favorable vs. unfavorable bias) was not associated with gambling-related problems. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved.

An empirical investigation of theoretical loss and gambling intensity.

PubMed

Auer, Michael; Griffiths, Mark D

2014-12-01

Many recent studies of internet gambling-particularly those that have analysed behavioural tracking data-have used variables such 'bet size' and 'number of games played' as proxy measures for 'gambling intensity'. In this paper it is argued that the most stable and reliable measure for 'gambling intensity' is the 'theoretical loss' (a product of total bet size and house advantage). In the long run, the theoretical loss corresponds with the Gross Gaming Revenue generated by commercial gaming operators. For shorter periods of time, theoretical loss is the most stable measure of gambling intensity as it is not distorted by gamblers' occasional wins. Even for single bets, the theoretical loss reflects the amount a player is willing to risk. Using behavioural tracking data of 100,000 players who played online casino, lottery and/or poker games, this paper also demonstrates that bet size does not equate to or explain theoretical loss as it does not take into account the house advantage. This lack of accuracy is shown to be even more pronounced for gamblers who play a variety of games.

[Latent Class Analysis of Gambling Activities among Korean Adolescents].

PubMed

Kang, Kyonghwa; Kim, Hyeongsu; Park, Ae Ran; Kim, Hee Young; Lee, Kunsei

2018-04-01

The aim of this study is to identify the types of gambling among adolescents and provide basic prevention information regarding adolescents' gambling problems. Secondary data from representative national survey on 2015 Youth Gambling Problems of Korea Center on Gambling Problems were used. Using latent class analysis (LCA), 13 gambling types such as offline and online games of 14,011 adolescents were classified, and gambling experiences and characteristics were analyzed. The subgroups of adolescent gambling were identified as four latent classes: a rare group (84.5% of the sample), a risk group (1.0%), an offline group (11.9%), and an expanded group (2.6%). The types and characteristics of gambling among the latent classes differed. In the risk group, adolescents participated in online illegal sports betting and internet casino, and gambling time, gambling expenses, and the number of gambling types were higher than other groups. Gambling frequently occur among adolescent, and the subtypes of gambling did not reveal homogeneous characteristics. In order to prevent adolescent gambling problems, it is a necessary to develop tailored prevention intervention in the nursing field, which is appropriate to the characteristics of adolescent gambling group and can help with early identification. © 2018 Korean Society of Nursing Science.

Hedging their bets: tobacco and gambling industries work against smoke-free policies

PubMed Central

Mandel, L; Glantz, S

2004-01-01

Objective: To describe and understand the relationship between the tobacco and gambling industries in connection to their collaborative efforts to prevent smoke-free casinos and gambling facilities and fight smoke-free policies generally. Methods: Analysis of tobacco industry documents available online (accessed between February and December 2003). Results: The tobacco industry has worked to convince the gambling industry to fight against smoke-free environments. Representatives of the gambling industry with ties to the tobacco industry oppose smoke-free workplaces by claiming that smoke-free environments hurt gambling revenue and by promoting ventilation as a solution to secondhand smoke. With help from the tobacco industry, the gambling industry has become a force at the American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers opposing smoke-free ventilation standards for the hospitality industry. Conclusion: Tobacco industry strategies to mobilise the gambling industry to oppose smoke-free environments are consistent with past strategies to co-opt the hospitality industry and with strategies to influence policy from behind the scenes. Tobacco control advocates need to be aware of the connections between the tobacco and gambling industries in relation to smoke-free environments and work to expose them to the public and to policy makers. PMID:15333883

Gambling and problem gambling among recently sentenced women in new zealand prisons.

PubMed

Abbott, Max W; McKenna, Brian G

2005-01-01

Ninety-four recently sentenced women prisoners were interviewed to assess aspects of their gambling involvement, problem gambling and relationships between gambling and criminal offending. A third of the women, on the basis of their SOGS-R scores, were assessed as lifetime probable pathological gamblers and just under a quarter were assessed as probable pathological gamblers during the 6 months prior to imprisonment. For women prisoners, a preference for non-casino gaming machines and housie were predictive of problem gambling. Relative to non-problem gamblers, problem gamblers experienced higher rates of childhood conduct disorder and current non-psychotic mental disorder. Just over a quarter of prisoners and a half of the problem gamblers had committed a crime to obtain money to gamble. Few women said their early offending or convictions related to gambling. It was concluded that most women were "criminals first and problem gamblers second" rather than people whose offending careers commenced as a consequence of problem gambling. However, the extent of problem gambling-related offending among the women prisoners highlights the potential for comprehensive assessment and treatment programs in prison to reduce recidivism and other adverse impacts of problem gambling and gambling-related offending.

Motivators for resolving or seeking help for gambling problems: a review of the empirical literature.

PubMed

Suurvali, Helen; Hodgins, David C; Cunningham, John A

2010-03-01

This literature review summarizes recent empirical research on the reasons disordered gamblers try, through treatment or otherwise, to resolve or reduce their gambling problems. Relevant databases and bibliographies were searched for English-language studies, published since 1998, that asked gamblers themselves about motivators for action. Found were ten studies addressing reasons for trying to resolve or reduce gambling problems, five addressing reasons for seeking help and four addressing reasons for requesting self-exclusion from casinos. Help-seeking occurred largely in response to gambling-related harms (especially financial problems, relationship issues and negative emotions) that had already happened or that were imminent. Resolution was often motivated by the same kinds of harms but evaluation/decision-making and changes in lifestyle or environment played a more prominent role. Self-exclusion was motivated by harms, evaluation/decision-making and a wish to regain control. Awareness and educational materials could incorporate messages that might encourage heavy gamblers to make changes before harms became too great. Intervention development could also benefit from more research on the motivators leading to successful (vs. failed) resolution, as well as on the ways in which disordered gamblers are able to overcome specific barriers to seeking help or reaching resolution.

A catastrophe model for the prospect-utility theory question.

PubMed

Oliva, Terence A; McDade, Sean R

2008-07-01

Anomalies have played a big part in the analysis of decision making under risk. Both expected utility and prospect theories were born out of anomalies exhibited by actual decision making behavior. Since the same individual can use both expected utility and prospect approaches at different times, it seems there should be a means of uniting the two. This paper turns to nonlinear dynamical systems (NDS), specifically a catastrophe model, to help suggest an 'out of the box' line of solution toward integration. We use a cusp model to create a value surface whose control dimensions are involvement and gains versus losses. By including 'involvement' as a variable the importance of the individual's psychological state is included, and it provides a rationale for how decision makers' changes from expected utility to prospect might occur. Additionally, it provides a possible explanation for what appears to be even more irrational decisions that individuals make when highly emotionally involved. We estimate the catastrophe model using a sample of 997 gamblers who attended a casino and compare it to the linear model using regression. Hence, we have actual data from individuals making real bets, under real conditions.

Calculating Potential Energy Curves with Quantum Monte Carlo

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Powell, Andrew D.; Dawes, Richard

2014-06-01

Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) is a computational technique that can be applied to the electronic Schrödinger equation for molecules. QMC methods such as Variational Monte Carlo (VMC) and Diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) have demonstrated the capability of capturing large fractions of the correlation energy, thus suggesting their possible use for high-accuracy quantum chemistry calculations. QMC methods scale particularly well with respect to parallelization making them an attractive consideration in anticipation of next-generation computing architectures which will involve massive parallelization with millions of cores. Due to the statistical nature of the approach, in contrast to standard quantum chemistry methods, uncertainties (error-bars) are associated with each calculated energy. This study focuses on the cost, feasibility and practical application of calculating potential energy curves for small molecules with QMC methods. Trial wave functions were constructed with the multi-configurational self-consistent field (MCSCF) method from GAMESS-US.[1] The CASINO Monte Carlo quantum chemistry package [2] was used for all of the DMC calculations. An overview of our progress in this direction will be given. References: M. W. Schmidt et al. J. Comput. Chem. 14, 1347 (1993). R. J. Needs et al. J. Phys.: Condensed Matter 22, 023201 (2010).

Stellar Neutron Capture Cross Sections of the Lu and Hf Isotopes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wisshak, K.; Voss, F.; Käppeler, F.; Kazakov, L.; Krtička, M.

2005-05-01

The neutron capture cross sections of 175,176Lu and 176,177,178,179,180Hf have been measured in the energy range from 3 to 225 keV at the Karlsruhe 3.7 MV Van de Graaff accelerator relative to the gold standard. Neutrons were produced by the 7Li(p,n)7Be reaction and capture events were detected by the Karlsruhe 4πBaF2 detector. The cross section ratios could be determined with uncertainties between 0.9 and 1.8% about a factor of five more accurate than previous data. A strong population of isomeric states was found in neutron capture of the Hf isotopes, which are only partially explained by CASINO/GEANT simulations based on the known level schemes. Maxwellian averaged neutron capture cross sections were calculated for thermal energies between kT = 8 keV and 100 keV. Severe differences up to40% were found to the data of a recent evaluation based on existing experimental results. The new data allow for a much more reliable analysis of the important branching in the s-process synthesis path at 176Lu which can be interpreted as an s-process thermometer.

Study by AES, EELS Spectroscopy of electron Irradiation on InP and InPO4/InP in comparison with Monte Carlo simulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lounis, Z.; Bouslama, M.; Hamaida, K.; Jardin, C.; Abdellaoui, A.; Ouerdane, A.; Ghaffour, M.; Berrouachedi, N.

2012-02-01

We give the great interest to characterise the InP and InPO4/InP submitted to electron beam irradiation owing to the Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) associated to both methods Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS). The incident electron produces breaking of (In-P) chemical bonds. The electron beam even acts to stimulate oxidation of InP surface involving on the top layers. Other, the oxide InPO4 developed on InP does appear very sensitive to the irradiation due to electron beam shown by the monitoring of EELS spectra recorded versus the irradiated times of the surface. There appears a new oxide thought to be In2O3. We give the simulation methods Casino (Carlo simulation of electron trajectory in solids) for determination with accuracy the loss energy of backscattered electrons and compared with reports results have been obtained with EELS Spectroscopy. These techniques of spectroscopy alone do not be able to verify the affected depth during interaction process. So, using this simulation method, we determine the interaction of electrons in the matter.

High-temperature high-pressure properties of silica from Quantum Monte Carlo and Density Functional Perturbation Theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cohen, R. E.; Driver, K.; Wu, Z.; Militzer, B.; Rios, P. L.; Towler, M.; Needs, R.

2009-03-01

We have used diffusion quantum Monte Carlo (DMC) with the CASINO code with thermal free energies from phonons computed using density functional perturbation theory (DFPT) with the ABINIT code to obtain phase transition curves and thermal equations of state of silica phases under pressure. We obtain excellent agreement with experiments for the metastable phase transition from quartz to stishovite. The local density approximation (LDA) incorrectly gives stishovite as the ground state. The generalized gradient approximation (GGA) correctly gives quartz as the ground state, but does worse than LDA for the equations of state. DMC, variational quantum Monte Carlo (VMC), and DFT all give good results for the ferroelastic transition of stishovite to the CaCl2 structure, and LDA or the WC exchange correlation potentials give good results within a given silica phase. The δV and δH from the CaCl2 structure to α-PbO2 is small, giving uncertainly in the theoretical transition pressure. It is interesting that DFT has trouble with silica transitions, although the electronic structures of silica are insulating, simple closed-shell with ionic/covalent bonding. It seems like the errors in DFT are from not precisely giving the ion sizes.

The impact of the dimensions of environmental performance on firm performance in travel and tourism industry.

PubMed

Tan, Siow-Hooi; Habibullah, Muzafar Shah; Tan, Siow-Kian; Choon, Shay-Wei

2017-12-01

This study investigates the impact of the aggregate and individual dimensions of environmental performance (EP) on financial performance (FP), based on a dataset covering the travel and tourism industry (airlines, casinos, hotels, and restaurants) across different economic regions over the period 2003-2014. The results reveal that EP positively affects the FP in the hotel industry when aggregate EP is used. When individual dimensions of EP are considered, resource reduction is found to positively (negatively) affect the performance in the hotel (airline) industry, while product innovation positively affects the performance in the restaurant industry. Hence, the trade-off effect seems to be dominant in the airline industry, and the 'heterogeneous resources and reputation-building' hypothesis is evident in both the hotel and restaurant industries. In addition, in general, the findings support the positive moderating effect of slack resources on the relationship between the individual dimensions of EP and FP in the travel and tourism industry, and, hence, are supportive of the slack resources hypothesis. These effects, however, vary depending on the travel and tourism industry under investigation. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Clearing the air: the evolution of organized labor's role in tobacco control in the United States.

PubMed

Zelnick, Jennifer; Campbell, Richard; Levenstein, Charles; Balbach, Edith

2008-01-01

As efforts to make U.S. worksites smoke-free took shape in the 1980s, the tobacco industry sought to defeat them by forming alliances with organized labor. The alliance between the tobacco industry and organized labor was based on framing the regulation of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) as a threat to jobs, an example of management unilateralism, and an issue that divided smoking and nonsmoking union members. The dynamics of organized labor and tobacco control began to change in the late 1980s with attempts to ban smoking on airlines and in the hospitality industry. Flight attendants, bar and restaurant workers, and casino dealers-all subject to ETS in their work environments-confronted ETS as an occupational health issue. Against the backdrop of increasing awareness of the hazards of ETS, and the acceptance of tobacco control policy, this framing changed the basis of organized labor's role in tobacco control. Because service workers share the workplace with the general public, their occupational health issues are also public health issues. This fact presents new opportunities for coalition building to protect the health of service workers and the public alike.

The Probe Profile and Lateral Resolution of Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy of Thick Specimens

PubMed Central

Demers, Hendrix; Ramachandra, Ranjan; Drouin, Dominique; de Jonge, Niels

2012-01-01

Lateral profiles of the electron probe of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) were simulated at different vertical positions in a micrometers-thick carbon sample. The simulations were carried out using the Monte Carlo method in the CASINO software. A model was developed to fit the probe profiles. The model consisted of the sum of a Gaussian function describing the central peak of the profile, and two exponential decay functions describing the tail of the profile. Calculations were performed to investigate the fraction of unscattered electrons as function of the vertical position of the probe in the sample. Line scans were also simulated over gold nanoparticles at the bottom of a carbon film to calculate the achievable resolution as function of the sample thickness and the number of electrons. The resolution was shown to be noise limited for film thicknesses less than 1 μm. Probe broadening limited the resolution for thicker films. The validity of the simulation method was verified by comparing simulated data with experimental data. The simulation method can be used as quantitative method to predict STEM performance or to interpret STEM images of thick specimens. PMID:22564444

Gender differences in the associations of gambling activities and suicidal behaviors with problem gambling in a nationally representative French sample.

PubMed

Husky, Mathilde M; Michel, Grégory; Richard, Jean-Baptiste; Guignard, Romain; Beck, François

2015-06-01

The objectives of the present study are to describe gender differences in factors associated with moderate risk and problem gambling. Data were extracted from the 2010 Health Barometer, a large survey on a representative sample of the general population aged 15-85 years living in France (n=27,653), carried out by the National Institute for Health Promotion and Health Education. Data were collected between October 2009 and July 2010. A computer-assisted telephone interview system was used. The findings indicate that men are three times more likely to experience problems with gambling. Men and women have different patterns of gambling activities. Men were more involved with Rapido, internet gambling, sports and racetrack betting, poker, and casino tables, whereas women gambled more often on scratch games. Both men and women engaging in immediate reward games were significantly more likely to experience difficulties with gambling. This association, however, was stronger in women. Furthermore, suicidal ideation and behaviors were more likely to be associated with gambling problems in women as compared to men. The study underscores the importance of considering gender-related differences in the study of gambling behaviors. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The development of a multi-dimensional gambling accessibility scale.

PubMed

Hing, Nerilee; Haw, John

2009-12-01

The aim of the current study was to develop a scale of gambling accessibility that would have theoretical significance to exposure theory and also serve to highlight the accessibility risk factors for problem gambling. Scale items were generated from the Productivity Commission's (Australia's Gambling Industries: Report No. 10. AusInfo, Canberra, 1999) recommendations and tested on a group with high exposure to the gambling environment. In total, 533 gaming venue employees (aged 18-70 years; 67% women) completed a questionnaire that included six 13-item scales measuring accessibility across a range of gambling forms (gaming machines, keno, casino table games, lotteries, horse and dog racing, sports betting). Also included in the questionnaire was the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) along with measures of gambling frequency and expenditure. Principal components analysis indicated that a common three factor structure existed across all forms of gambling and these were labelled social accessibility, physical accessibility and cognitive accessibility. However, convergent validity was not demonstrated with inconsistent correlations between each subscale and measures of gambling behaviour. These results are discussed in light of exposure theory and the further development of a multi-dimensional measure of gambling accessibility.

Turnkey Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning and Lighting Retrofit Solution Combining Energy Efficiency and Demand Response Benefits

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Doebber, Ian; Deru, Michael; Trenbath, Kim

NREL worked with the Bonneville Power Administration's Technology Innovation Office to demonstrate a turnkey, retrofit technology that combines demand response (DR) and energy efficiency (EE) benefits for HVAC and lighting in retail buildings. As a secondary benefit, we also controlled various plug loads and electric hot water heaters (EHWH). The technology demonstrated was Transformative Wave's eIQ Building Management System (BMS) automatically responding to DR signals. The BMS controlled the HVAC rooftop units (RTU) using the CATALYST retrofit solution also developed by Transformative Wave. The non-HVAC loads were controlled using both hardwired and ZigBee wireless communication. The wireless controllers, manufactured bymore » Autani, were used when the building's electrical layout was too disorganized to leverage less expensive hardwired control. The six demonstration locations are within the Seattle metro area. Based on the assets curtailed by the BMS at each location, we projected the DR resource. We were targeting a 1.7 W/ft2 shed for the summer Day-Ahead events and a 0.7 W/ft2 shed for the winter events. While summarized in Table ES-1, only one summer DR event was conducted at Casino #2.« less

Public attitudes towards gambling product harm and harm reduction strategies: an online study of 16-88 year olds in Victoria, Australia.

PubMed

Thomas, Samantha L; Randle, Melanie; Bestman, Amy; Pitt, Hannah; Bowe, Steven J; Cowlishaw, Sean; Daube, Mike

2017-07-25

Gambling has quickly emerged as an important global public health issue. With new technologies used to develop high intensity gambling products and promotions aimed at driving consumption, public health organisations and researchers, community groups, and politicians have argued for a range of regulatory and education measures aimed at reducing gambling harm. However, there has been limited research seeking to understand community perceptions of the harms associated with gambling products and environments, and the level of community support for strategies designed to prevent and reduce gambling harm. An online study of 500 adolescents and adults (aged 16 and over) was conducted with a representative sample (by age and gender) of individuals who were current residents in the state of Victoria, Australia. Participants were asked a range of questions about their own gambling behaviours, with the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) used as a measure of problem gambling. Participants were asked about their perceptions of harms associated with electronic gambling machines (EGMs), sports betting, horse betting, and casino gambling. They were also asked about the extent to which they agreed or disagreed with gambling harm reduction strategies related to marketing and promotions, restrictions on gambling products and venues, and public education campaigns. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and paired t tests, with thematic analysis used to interpret qualitative responses to open-ended questionnaire items. More than one third (n = 201, 40.2%) of participants were at risk of experiencing some level of harm from gambling (PGSI ≥ 1), with 83 participants (16.6%) recording scores that indicated problem gambling (PGSI ≥ 8). One in five participants gambled on EGMs at least monthly (n = 100, 20.0%). Those who gambled on sports did so frequently, with nearly 1 in 5 gambling on sport at least once a month (n = 87, 17.4%). Over half of the sample rated casino gambling and EGMs as very harmful, while one third rated these forms of gambling as extremely harmful. Over one third of the sample rated horse and sports betting as very harmful, with one in five rating these products as extremely harmful. There was strong agreement with the need to ban gambling advertising during children's viewing hours, during sporting matches and at sporting venues. The majority of participants agreed with reducing and restricting EGMs, and providing more public education for both adults and children about the negative consequences from gambling. The findings suggest a strong perception in the Victorian community that gambling products are harmful. While governments have been reluctant to implement a comprehensive approach to reducing gambling harm, this study reveals significant community support for a range of harm reduction and prevention measures associated with gambling products. Public health practitioners can use this evidence in advocating for a comprehensive public health approach to reducing the harms associated with gambling promotions and products.

Gambling pathology is associated with dampened cortisol response among men and women.

PubMed

Paris, J J; Franco, C; Sodano, R; Frye, C A; Wulfert, E

2010-02-09

Pathological gambling has many similarities to pharmacological addiction. Notably, both pathological gambling and drug addiction are characterized by aberrations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis responding. As well, there are indications that gender differences may play a role in these processes. Whether gender and/or HPA response are associated with pathological gambling was of interest. Recreational and pathological gamblers (15 men and 6 women per group) had the HPA factor, cortisol, assessed in saliva before and after watching a video of their preferred mode of gambling (slot machines, horse race betting, scratch-off tickets, blackjack, video poker, craps, sports betting, online casino games, or lottery tickets), and a video of neutral stimuli (a rollercoaster ride). Basal levels of salivary cortisol did not significantly differ among recreational and pathological gamblers. However, recreational gamblers demonstrated significantly increased salivary cortisol levels after the gambling and rollercoaster videos, whereas pathological gamblers demonstrated no salivary cortisol increase in response to either video stimulus. There was also a non-significant trend for women to have a greater cortisol response to video stimuli compared to men. These data suggest that pathological gambling is associated with hypoactive HPA response to gambling stimuli, similar to chronic drug exposure, and gender may contribute to this effect. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Scintillator for low accelerating voltage scanning electron microscopy imaging

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bowser, Christopher; Tzolov, Marian; Barbi, Nicholas

Scintillators are essential in detecting electrons in SEM. The conventional scintillators such as YAP and YAG have poor response at low accelerating voltages due to a top conductive layer of ITO or Al. We have developed a thin film ZnWO4 scintillator with high photoluminescence quantum efficiency of 60% with enough electrical conductivity to prevent charging. We are showing that the ZnWO4 films are effective in detecting electrons at low accelerating voltages. This makes it a good option for a top layer on crystalline scintillators and we have integrated ZnWO4 with YAP to explore the high response of YAP at high electron energies and the effective response of ZnWO4 at low electron energies. We will compare the spectral intensities over a range of accelerating voltages between 1 and 30kV between the conventional and coupled thin film scintillator. The results are interpreted using a simulation of the depth profile of the electron penetration in the scintillator using CASINO. We have verified the absence of charging by measuring the sum of the secondary and backscattered electron coefficients. We have built detectors with the combined scintillators and we will compare SEM images recorded simultaneously by conventional and ZnWO4-based scintillators.

Real-time handling of existing content sources on a multi-layer display

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Singh, Darryl S. K.; Shin, Jung

2013-03-01

A Multi-Layer Display (MLD) consists of two or more imaging planes separated by physical depth where the depth is a key component in creating a glasses-free 3D effect. Its core benefits include being viewable from multiple angles, having full panel resolution for 3D effects with no side effects of nausea or eye-strain. However, typically content must be designed for its optical configuration in foreground and background image pairs. A process was designed to give a consistent 3D effect in a 2-layer MLD from existing stereo video content in real-time. Optimizations to stereo matching algorithms that generate depth maps in real-time were specifically tailored for the optical characteristics and image processing algorithms of a MLD. The end-to-end process included improvements to the Hierarchical Belief Propagation (HBP) stereo matching algorithm, improvements to optical flow and temporal consistency. Imaging algorithms designed for the optical characteristics of a MLD provided some visual compensation for depth map inaccuracies. The result can be demonstrated in a PC environment, displayed on a 22" MLD, used in the casino slot market, with 8mm of panel seperation. Prior to this development, stereo content had not been used to achieve a depth-based 3D effect on a MLD in real-time

Quantum Monte Carlo Simulations of the Quartz to Stishovite Transition in SiO2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cohen, R. E.; Towler, Mike; Lopez Rios, Pablo; Drummond, Neil; Needs, Richard

2007-03-01

The quartz-stishovite transition has been a long standing problem for density functional theory (DFT). Although conventional DFT computations within the local density approximation (LDA) give reasonably good properties of silica phases individually, they do not give the energy difference between quartz and stishovite accurately. The LDA gives stishovite as a lower energy structure than quartz at zero pressure, which is incorrect. The generalized gradient approximation (GGA) has been shown to give the correct energy difference between quartz and stishovite (about 0.5 eV/formula unit) (Hamann, PRL 76, 660, 1996; Zupan et al., PRB 58, 11266, 1998), and it was generally thought that the GGA was simply a better approximation than the LDA. However, closer inspection shows that other properties are not better for the GGA than the LDA, so there is room for improvement. A new density functional that is an improvement for most materials unfortunately does not improve the quartz-stishovite transition (Wu and Cohen, PRB 73, 235116, 2006). We are performing QMC computations using the CASINO code to obtain the accurate energy difference between quartz and stishovite to obtain more accurate high pressure properties, and to better understand the errors on DFT and how DFT can be improved.

Thickness determination of large-area films of yttria-stabilized zirconia produced by pulsed laser deposition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pryds, N.; Toftmann, B.; Bilde-Sørensen, J. B.; Schou, J.; Linderoth, S.

2006-04-01

Films of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) on a polished silicon substrate of diameter up to 125 mm have been produced in a large-area pulsed laser deposition (PLD) setup under typical PLD conditions. The film thickness over the full film area has been determined by energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with use of a method similar to one described by Bishop and Poole. The attenuation of the electron-induced X-rays from the Si wafer by the film was monitored at a number of points along a diameter and the thickness was determined by Monte Carlo simulations of the attenuation for various values of film thickness with the program CASINO. These results have been compared with direct measurements in the SEM of the film thickness on a cross-section on one of the wafers. The results of these measurements demonstrate the ability of this technique to accurately determine the thickness of a large film, i.e. up to diameters of 125 mm, in a relatively short time, without destroying the substrate, without the need of a standard sample and without the need of a flat substrate. We have also demonstrated that by controlling the deposition parameters large-area YSZ films with uniform thickness can be produced.

Probing the low thermal conductivity of single-crystalline porous Si nanowires

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Yunshan; Lina Yang Collaboration; Lingyu Kong Collaboration; Baowen Li Collaboration; John T L Thong Collaboration; Kedar Hippalgaonkar Collaboration

Pore-like structures provide a novel way to reduce the thermal conductivity of silicon nanowires, compared to both smooth-surface VLS nanowires and rough EE nanowires. Because of enhanced phonon scattering with interface and decrease in phonon transport path, the porous nanostructures show reduction in thermal conductance by few orders of magnitude. It proves to be extremely challenging to evaluate porosity accurately in an experimental manner and further understand its effect on thermal transport. In this study, we use the newly developed electron-beam based micro-electrothermal device technique to study the porosity dependent thermal conductivity of mesoporous silicon nanowires that have single-crystalline scaffolding. Based on the Casino simulation, the power absorbed by the nanowire, coming from the loss of travelling electron energy, has a linear relationship with it cross section. The relationship has been verified experimentally as well. Monte Carlo simulation is carried out to theoretically predict the thermal conductivity of silicon nanowires with a specific value of porosity. These single-crystalline porous silicon nanowires show extremely low thermal conductivity, even below the amorphous limit. These structures together with our experimental techniques provide a particularly intriguing platform to understand the phonon transport in nanoscale and aid the performance improvement in future nanowires-based devices.

Hourly runoff forecasting for flood risk management: Application of various computational intelligence models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Badrzadeh, Honey; Sarukkalige, Ranjan; Jayawardena, A. W.

2015-10-01

Reliable river flow forecasts play a key role in flood risk mitigation. Among different approaches of river flow forecasting, data driven approaches have become increasingly popular in recent years due to their minimum information requirements and ability to simulate nonlinear and non-stationary characteristics of hydrological processes. In this study, attempts are made to apply four different types of data driven approaches, namely traditional artificial neural networks (ANN), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS), wavelet neural networks (WNN), and, hybrid ANFIS with multi resolution analysis using wavelets (WNF). Developed models applied for real time flood forecasting at Casino station on Richmond River, Australia which is highly prone to flooding. Hourly rainfall and runoff data were used to drive the models which have been used for forecasting with 1, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h lead-time. The performance of models further improved by adding an upstream river flow data (Wiangaree station), as another effective input. All models perform satisfactorily up to 12 h lead-time. However, the hybrid wavelet-based models significantly outperforming the ANFIS and ANN models in the longer lead-time forecasting. The results confirm the robustness of the proposed structure of the hybrid models for real time runoff forecasting in the study area.

CZM from the state perspective: the New Jersey experience

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kinsey, D.N.

1985-01-01

In the late 1800s and early 1900s, New Jersey sold extensive tide-flowed lands at bargain prices to railroad and land development companies to promote seashore and waterfront development. Beginning in 1869, the legislature entrusted the executive branch with the responsibility of selling tide-flowing lands. In the early 1900s, the state began regulation of construction along tidal waterfronts. Beginning in the 1940s, state government undertook various shore protection projects, funding the construction of groins, jetties, dredging activities, and beach nourishment projects in the Jersey Shore. Enactment in 1970 of the Wetlands Act clearly signaled recognition of the need for a strongmore » state role in the management of fragile coastal resources. Finally the Coastal Area Facility Review Act (CAFRA) was enacted in 1973, the year after passage of the federal Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (CZMA). CZMA provided the State of New Jersey and other coastal states and territories with new incentives and requirements for managing coastal resources. The pressures faced by New Jersey's coast of offshore oil and gas exploration, recreation, fisheries development, casino gambling, and many other activities, along with the opportunities provided by the CZMA, have further intensified and concentrated New Jersey's efforts to manage its coastal resources. 108 references.« less

Maladaptive “Gambling” by Pigeons

PubMed Central

Zentall, Thomas R.

2012-01-01

When humans buy a lottery ticket or gamble at a casino they are engaging in an activity that on average leads to a loss of money. Although animals are purported to engage in optimal foraging behavior, similar sub-optimal behavior can be found in pigeons, They show a preference for an alternative that is associated with a low probability of reinforcement (e.g., one that is followed by a red hue on 20% of the trials and then reinforcement or by a green hue on 80% of the trials and then the absence of reinforcement) over an alternative that is associated with a higher probability of reinforcement (e.g., blue or yellow each of which is followed by reinforcement 50% of the time). This effect appears to result from the strong conditioned reinforcement associated with the stimulus that is always followed by reinforcement. Surprisingly, although it is experienced four times as much, the stimulus that is never followed by reinforcement does not appear to result in significant conditioned inhibition (perhaps due to the absence of observing behavior). Similarly, human gamblers tend to overvalue wins and undervalue losses. Thus, this animal model may provide a useful analog to human gambling behavior, one that is free from the influence of human culture, language, social reinforcement, and other experiential biases that may influence human gambling behavior. PMID:21215301

The Social Bayesian Brain: Does Mentalizing Make a Difference When We Learn?

PubMed Central

Devaine, Marie; Hollard, Guillaume; Daunizeau, Jean

2014-01-01

When it comes to interpreting others' behaviour, we almost irrepressibly engage in the attribution of mental states (beliefs, emotions…). Such "mentalizing" can become very sophisticated, eventually endowing us with highly adaptive skills such as convincing, teaching or deceiving. Here, sophistication can be captured in terms of the depth of our recursive beliefs, as in "I think that you think that I think…" In this work, we test whether such sophisticated recursive beliefs subtend learning in the context of social interaction. We asked participants to play repeated games against artificial (Bayesian) mentalizing agents, which differ in their sophistication. Critically, we made people believe either that they were playing against each other, or that they were gambling like in a casino. Although both framings are similarly deceiving, participants win against the artificial (sophisticated) mentalizing agents in the social framing of the task, and lose in the non-social framing. Moreover, we find that participants' choice sequences are best explained by sophisticated mentalizing Bayesian learning models only in the social framing. This study is the first demonstration of the added-value of mentalizing on learning in the context of repeated social interactions. Importantly, our results show that we would not be able to decipher intentional behaviour without a priori attributing mental states to others. PMID:25474637

Monaco.

PubMed

1985-09-01

The Principality of Monaco's population characteristics, history, government, political situation, economy, and foreign affairs were briefly described. Monaco, a constitutional monarchy, covers an area of only .6 of a square mile. It is situated on the Mediterranean coast and is surrounded by France on 3 sides. The country was founded as a colony of Genoa, Italy, in 1215, and since 1419, it has been ruled by the House of Grimaldi, except for a brief period of time when the country was under the rule of France. Monaco and France have close ties which have been confirmed by a series of treaties beginning in 1918. In accordance with these treaties, France recognizes the sovereignity of Monaco, and Monaco agrees to exercise its rights only in so far as they accord with French political, military, naval, and economic interests. The monarch was an absolute ruler until 1911 when the constitutional monarchy was established. In 1962, a new constitution was adopted. Under the new constitution, the monarch, or prince of Monaco, shares power with an 18-member elected ledgislative body, the National Council. The Council votes on the budget and endorses laws put forth by the monarch. The executive branch consists of 1) the prince as chief of state; 2) a minister of state, who is a French citizen, appointed by the prince from a list of 3 candidates put forth by the French Government; and 3) a 3-member cabinet. Currently the chief of state is Prince Rainier III, and the minister of state is Jean Herly. The country has a population of 27,000 and an annual population growth rate of 0.9%. The population is 47% French, 16% Italian, and 16% Monegasque. 95% of the inhabitants are Roman Catholic, and French is the official language. School is compulsory between the ages of 6-16 years, and the literacy rate is 100%. The country is an elite tourist center. Its popularity is due, in part, to the casino, which was established in Monaco in 1856. The casino which once was the country's major source of income now accounts for only 3% of the state's income. Major revenue sources include postage stamp sales, liquor and tobacco taxes, and registration fees. The state does not collect income or direct personal or corporate taxes. As a result of these liberal tax laws, numerous international business maintain their headquarters in Monaco. 28% of the countries gross national product (GNP) is derived from manufacturing and 37% from commerce. Economic statistics are not published by the government and are unavailable. Prince Rainer is committed to the economic development of the country and especially to the development of Monaco's real estate. An extensive coastal landfill project expanded the country's area by 20%, and this land is now being development as a tourist complex. Monaco is a permanent observer at the UN, and a member of several UN agencies. In addition it its close ties with France, Monaco has diplomatic legations in 8 other western European countries and honorary consulates in 45 countries. Monaco and the US maintain friendly relations.

Viewing sexual images is associated with reduced physiological arousal response to gambling loss.

PubMed

Lui, Ming; Hsu, Ming

2018-01-01

Erotic imagery is one highly salient emotional signal that exists everywhere in daily life. The impact of sexual stimuli on human decision-making, however, has rarely been investigated. This study examines the impact of sexual stimuli on financial decision-making under risk. In each trial, either a sexual or neutral image was presented in a picture categorization task before a gambling task. Thirty-four men made gambling decisions while their physiological arousal, measured by skin conductance responses (SCRs), was recorded. Behaviorally, the proportion of gambling decisions did not differ between the sexual and neutral image trials. Physiologically, participants had smaller arousal differences, measured in micro-siemen per dollar, between losses and gains in the sexual rather than in the neutral image trials. Moreover, participants' SCRs to losses relative to gains predicted the proportion of gambling decisions in the neutral image trials but not in the sexual image trials. The results were consistent with the hypothesis that the presence of emotionally salient sexual images reduces attentional and arousal-related responses to gambling losses. Our results are consistent with the theory of loss attention involving increased cognitive investment in losses compared to gains. The findings also have potential practical implications for our understanding of the specific roles of sexual images in human financial decision making in everyday life, such as gambling behaviors in the casino.

Viewing sexual images is associated with reduced physiological arousal response to gambling loss

PubMed Central

Hsu, Ming

2018-01-01

Erotic imagery is one highly salient emotional signal that exists everywhere in daily life. The impact of sexual stimuli on human decision-making, however, has rarely been investigated. This study examines the impact of sexual stimuli on financial decision-making under risk. In each trial, either a sexual or neutral image was presented in a picture categorization task before a gambling task. Thirty-four men made gambling decisions while their physiological arousal, measured by skin conductance responses (SCRs), was recorded. Behaviorally, the proportion of gambling decisions did not differ between the sexual and neutral image trials. Physiologically, participants had smaller arousal differences, measured in micro-siemen per dollar, between losses and gains in the sexual rather than in the neutral image trials. Moreover, participants’ SCRs to losses relative to gains predicted the proportion of gambling decisions in the neutral image trials but not in the sexual image trials. The results were consistent with the hypothesis that the presence of emotionally salient sexual images reduces attentional and arousal-related responses to gambling losses. Our results are consistent with the theory of loss attention involving increased cognitive investment in losses compared to gains. The findings also have potential practical implications for our understanding of the specific roles of sexual images in human financial decision making in everyday life, such as gambling behaviors in the casino. PMID:29649287

Calculated X-ray Intensities Using Monte Carlo Algorithms: A Comparison to Experimental EPMA Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carpenter, P. K.

2005-01-01

Monte Carlo (MC) modeling has been used extensively to simulate electron scattering and x-ray emission from complex geometries. Here are presented comparisons between MC results and experimental electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA) measurements as well as phi(rhoz) correction algorithms. Experimental EPMA measurements made on NIST SRM 481 (AgAu) and 482 (CuAu) alloys, at a range of accelerating potential and instrument take-off angles, represent a formal microanalysis data set that has been widely used to develop phi(rhoz) correction algorithms. X-ray intensity data produced by MC simulations represents an independent test of both experimental and phi(rhoz) correction algorithms. The alpha-factor method has previously been used to evaluate systematic errors in the analysis of semiconductor and silicate minerals, and is used here to compare the accuracy of experimental and MC-calculated x-ray data. X-ray intensities calculated by MC are used to generate a-factors using the certificated compositions in the CuAu binary relative to pure Cu and Au standards. MC simulations are obtained using the NIST, WinCasino, and WinXray algorithms; derived x-ray intensities have a built-in atomic number correction, and are further corrected for absorption and characteristic fluorescence using the PAP phi(rhoz) correction algorithm. The Penelope code additionally simulates both characteristic and continuum x-ray fluorescence and thus requires no further correction for use in calculating alpha-factors.

Principles for Developing Benchmark Criteria for Staff Training in Responsible Gambling.

PubMed

Oehler, Stefan; Banzer, Raphaela; Gruenerbl, Agnes; Malischnig, Doris; Griffiths, Mark D; Haring, Christian

2017-03-01

One approach to minimizing the negative consequences of excessive gambling is staff training to reduce the rate of the development of new cases of harm or disorder within their customers. The primary goal of the present study was to assess suitable benchmark criteria for the training of gambling employees at casinos and lottery retailers. The study utilised the Delphi Method, a survey with one qualitative and two quantitative phases. A total of 21 invited international experts in the responsible gambling field participated in all three phases. A total of 75 performance indicators were outlined and assigned to six categories: (1) criteria of content, (2) modelling, (3) qualification of trainer, (4) framework conditions, (5) sustainability and (6) statistical indicators. Nine of the 75 indicators were rated as very important by 90 % or more of the experts. Unanimous support for importance was given to indicators such as (1) comprehensibility and (2) concrete action-guidance for handling with problem gamblers, Additionally, the study examined the implementation of benchmarking, when it should be conducted, and who should be responsible. Results indicated that benchmarking should be conducted every 1-2 years regularly and that one institution should be clearly defined and primarily responsible for benchmarking. The results of the present study provide the basis for developing a benchmarking for staff training in responsible gambling.

Full Configuration Interaction Quantum Monte Carlo and Diffusion Monte Carlo: A Comparative Study of the 3D Homogeneous Electron Gas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shepherd, James J.; López Ríos, Pablo; Needs, Richard J.; Drummond, Neil D.; Mohr, Jennifer A.-F.; Booth, George H.; Grüneis, Andreas; Kresse, Georg; Alavi, Ali

2013-03-01

Full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo1 (FCIQMC) and its initiator adaptation2 allow for exact solutions to the Schrödinger equation to be obtained within a finite-basis wavefunction ansatz. In this talk, we explore an application of FCIQMC to the homogeneous electron gas (HEG). In particular we use these exact finite-basis energies to compare with approximate quantum chemical calculations from the VASP code3. After removing the basis set incompleteness error by extrapolation4,5, we compare our energies with state-of-the-art diffusion Monte Carlo calculations from the CASINO package6. Using a combined approach of the two quantum Monte Carlo methods, we present the highest-accuracy thermodynamic (infinite-particle) limit energies for the HEG achieved to date. 1 G. H. Booth, A. Thom, and A. Alavi, J. Chem. Phys. 131, 054106 (2009). 2 D. Cleland, G. H. Booth, and A. Alavi, J. Chem. Phys. 132, 041103 (2010). 3 www.vasp.at (2012). 4 J. J. Shepherd, A. Grüneis, G. H. Booth, G. Kresse, and A. Alavi, Phys. Rev. B. 86, 035111 (2012). 5 J. J. Shepherd, G. H. Booth, and A. Alavi, J. Chem. Phys. 136, 244101 (2012). 6 R. Needs, M. Towler, N. Drummond, and P. L. Ríos, J. Phys.: Condensed Matter 22, 023201 (2010).

Design of the central region for axial injection in the VINCY cyclotron

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Milinković, Ljiljana; Toprek, Dragan

1996-02-01

This paper describes the design of the central region for h = 1, h = 2 and h = 4 modes of acceleration in the VINCY cyclotron. The result which is worth reported in that the central region is unique and compatible with the three above mentioned harmonic modes of operation. Only one spiral type inflector will be used. The central region is designed to operate with two external ion sources: (a) an ECR ion source with the maximum extraction voltage of 25 kV for heavy ions, and (b) a multicusp ion source with the maximum extraction voltage of 30 kV for H - and D - ions. Heavy ions will be accelerated by the second and fourth harmonics, D - ions by the second harmonic and H - ions by the first harmonic of the RF field. The central region is equipped with an axial injection system. The electric field distribution in the inflector and in the four acceleration gaps has been numerically calculated from an electric potential map produced by the program RELAX3D. The geometry of the central region has been tested with the computations of orbits carried out by means of the computer code CYCLONE. The optical properties of the spiral inflector and the central region were studied by using the programs CASINO and CYCLONE respectively. We have also made an effort to minimize the inflector fringe field using the RELAX3D program.

Occupant perception of indoor air and comfort in four hospitality environments.

PubMed

Moschandreas, D J; Chu, P

2002-01-01

This article reports on a survey of customer and staff perceptions of indoor air quality at two restaurants, a billiard hall, and a casino. The survey was conducted at each environment for 8 days: 2 weekend days on 2 consecutive weekends and 4 weekdays. Before and during the survey, each hospitality environment satisfied ventilation requirements set in ASHRAE Standard 62-1999, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air. An objective of this study was to test the hypothesis: If a hospitality environment satisfies ASHRAE ventilation requirements, then the indoor air is acceptable, that is, fewer than 20% of the exposed occupants perceive the environment as unacceptable. A second objective was to develop a multiple regression model that predicts the dependent variable, the environment is acceptable, as a function of a number of independent perception variables. Occupant perception of environmental, comfort, and physical variables was measured using a questionnaire. This instrument was designed to be efficient and unobtrusive; subjects could complete it within 3 min. Significant differences of occupant environment perception were identified among customers and staff. The dependent variable, the environment is acceptable, is affected by temperature, occupant density, and occupant smoking status, odor perception, health conditions, sensitivity to chemicals, and enjoyment of activities. Depending on the hospitality environment, variation of independent variables explains as much as 77% of the variation of the dependent variable.

Exercise intensity and gender difference of 3 different salsa dancing conditions.

PubMed

Emerenziani, G P; Guidetti, L; Gallotta, M C; Franciosi, E; Buzzachera, C F; Baldari, C

2013-04-01

The aims of this study were to estimate the difference in exercise intensity (METs), energy cost (EE) and gender difference between a typical salsa lesson (TSL), rueda de casino lesson (RCL), and salsa dancing at a night club (SDN). Subjects performed 1 pre-testing session and 3 testing conditions. During the pre-testing session height, weight and V˙O2max were assessed. During the testing conditions all subjects performed 3 different kinds of salsa dance. Heart rate was assessed during each dance condition. The exercise intensity of the 3 salsa dancing conditions was moderate ranging from 3.9 to 5.5 METs. A significant difference between genders for HRpeak (P=0.01), max%HRR (P=0.006) and mean EE (P=0.02) were observed. Significant gender×condition interactions for HRpeak (P=0.03), mean %HRR (P=0.02), mean METs (P=0.02) and mean EE (P=0.02) were found. In addition, a significant main effect for each condition was found in all variables (P<0.01). Our results showed that the exercise intensities of all 3 salsa dancing conditions were moderate. Findings showed some significant differences in exercise intensity between males and females and within conditions. Salsa dancing could be useful in achieving a significant training effect in people who have a low level of fitness. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Recognizing the Two Faces of Gambling: The Lived Experiences of Korean Women Gamblers.

PubMed

Kim, Sungjae; Kim, Wooksoo; Dickerson, Suzanne S

2016-10-01

The aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of women problem gamblers, focusing on the meaning of gambling to them, how and why these women continue to gamble or stop gambling, and their needs and concerns. In order to effectively help women problem gamblers, practical in-depth knowledge is necessary to develop intervention programs for prevention, treatment, and recovery among women problem gamblers. The hermeneutic phenomenology approach was used to guide in-depth interviews and team interpretation of data. Sixteen women gamblers who chose to live in the casino area were recruited through snowball sampling with help from a counseling center. Participants were individually interviewed from February to April 2013 and asked to tell their stories of gambling. Transcribed interviews provided data for interpretive analysis. In the study analysis one constitutive pattern was identified: moving beyond addiction by recognizing the two faces of gambling in their life. Four related themes emerged in the analysis-gambling as alluring; gambling as 'ugly'; living in contradictions; and moving beyond. Loneliness and isolation play a critical role in gambling experiences of women gamblers in Korea. In other words, they are motivated to gamble in order to escape from loneliness, to stop gambling for fear of being lonely as they get older, and to stay in the casnio area so as not to be alone. The need for acceptance is one fo the important factors that should be considered in developing intervention program for women.

Public Awareness and Practice of Responsible Gambling in Macao.

PubMed

Tong, Kwok-Kit; Hung, Eva P W; Lei, Caren M W; Wu, Anise M S

2018-01-30

Responsible gambling (RG) is a relatively new concept to the Macao gambling industry. Although recent studies reported a heightened public awareness of RG, the prevalence of disordered gambling is still high. This discrepancy may suggest an existing gap between RG awareness and gambling practices, pinpointing aspects that need to be improved by different RG stakeholders. The gap may be attributable to people's limited knowledge toward practices favoring RG. To explore means for enhancing the RG campaign, we studied Macao residents' interpretation and adoption of RG practices. In Study 1, a random community sample was collected to assess the extent to which common RG practices were adopted. Results suggested that there was a fair proportion of gamblers not adhering to them and gambling disorder tendency was related to the adoption of RG practices. It implied a successful promotion of RG practices may reduce gambling problems. In Study 2, focus group discussions were conducted to explore how RG was conceptualized. Twenty-five participants (including 11 casino employees) took part in four focus group interviews. All participants were aware of RG but their knowledge of RG practices was limited. Very few of them were able to identify major practices such as putting constraints on gambling amount and time and the application for self-exclusion. We argue that future RG promotion needs to be more specific and behavior-oriented and it should also address various procedural concerns on how RG practices can be implemented.

Cartography, new technologies and geographic education: theoretical approaches to research the field

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Seneme do Canto, Tânia

2018-05-01

In order to understand the roles that digital mapping can play in cartographic and geographic education, this paper discusses the theoretical and methodological approach used in a research that is undertaking in the education of geography teachers. To develop the study, we found in the works of Lankshear and Knobel (2013) a notion of new literacies that allows us looking at the practices within digital mapping in a sociocultural perspective. From them, we conclude that in order to understand the changes that digital cartography is able to foment in geography teaching, it is necessary to go beyond the substitution of means in the classroom and being able to explore what makes the new mapping practices different from others already consolidated in geography teaching. Therefore, we comment on some features of new forms of cartographic literacy that are in full development with digital technologies, but which are not determined solely by their use. The ideas of Kitchin and Dodge (2007) and Del Casino Junior and Hanna (2006) are also an important reference for the research. Methodologically, this approach helps us to understand that in the seek to comprehend maps and their meanings, irrespective of the medium used, we are dealing with a process of literacy that is very particular and emergent because it involves not only the characteristics of the map artifact and of the individual that produces or consumes it, but depends mainly on a diversity of interconnections that are being built between them (map and individual) and the world.

Predicting the outcome of roulette

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Small, Michael; Tse, Chi Kong

2012-09-01

There have been several popular reports of various groups exploiting the deterministic nature of the game of roulette for profit. Moreover, through its history, the inherent determinism in the game of roulette has attracted the attention of many luminaries of chaos theory. In this paper, we provide a short review of that history and then set out to determine to what extent that determinism can really be exploited for profit. To do this, we provide a very simple model for the motion of a roulette wheel and ball and demonstrate that knowledge of initial position, velocity, and acceleration is sufficient to predict the outcome with adequate certainty to achieve a positive expected return. We describe two physically realizable systems to obtain this knowledge both incognito and in situ. The first system relies only on a mechanical count of rotation of the ball and the wheel to measure the relevant parameters. By applying these techniques to a standard casino-grade European roulette wheel, we demonstrate an expected return of at least 18%, well above the -2.7% expected of a random bet. With a more sophisticated, albeit more intrusive, system (mounting a digital camera above the wheel), we demonstrate a range of systematic and statistically significant biases which can be exploited to provide an improved guess of the outcome. Finally, our analysis demonstrates that even a very slight slant in the roulette table leads to a very pronounced bias which could be further exploited to substantially enhance returns.

Gambling and problem gambling in The Netherlands.

PubMed

Goudriaan, Anna E

2014-07-01

To provide an overview of gambling in the Netherlands, focusing on historical background, policy, legislation, prevalence of problem gambling, availability of treatment options and research base. Literature review. Contradictions between gambling policy and practice have been present in the past 15-20 years, and have led to an increasingly stricter gambling regulation to retain the government policy to restrict gambling within a national monopoly. Conversely, political efforts have been made to legalize internet gambling, but have not yet been approved. Compared to other European countries, slot machine gambling and casino gambling are relatively popular, whereas betting is relatively unpopular. Last-year problem gambling prevalence (South Oaks Gambling Screen score > 5) is estimated at 0.22-0.15% (2005, 2011). Treatment for problem gambling is covered by health insurance under the same conditions as substance dependence, but only a small proportion of Dutch problem gamblers seeks help at addiction treatment centres. Gambling policy in the Netherlands has become stricter during recent last years in order to maintain the Dutch gambling monopoly. Problem gambling in the Netherlands is relatively stable. Dutch research on problem gambling has a lack of longitudinal studies. Most of the epidemiological gambling studies are reported in non-peer-reviewed research reports, which diminishes control by independent peers on the methodology and interpretation of results. Recent efforts to enhance consistency in research methods between gambling studies over time could enhance knowledge on changes in (problem) gambling in the Netherlands. © 2013 Society for the Study of Addiction.

How is gambling related to perceived parenting style and/or family environment for college students?

PubMed

Jonkman, Jeffrey; Blinn-Pike, Lynn; Worthy, Sheri Lokken

2013-03-01

Background and aims The relationship between college student gambling, parenting styles, and family environments is a neglected area of gambling research. Do parenting styles indirectly influence problem gambling behaviors via family environments? Do poor family environments, characterized by high levels of conflict and low levels of cohesion, increase the likelihood of problem gambling among youth? This study explored the interrelationships among college students' current gambling behaviors and a) having an emotionally close and supportive family environment, b) having nagging and critical parents, c) having an authoritative mother, and d) frequency of alcohol consumption. Methods and results Survey data were collected from 450 undergraduate students enrolled in introductory psychology classes at two state universities in a southern state. Feeling that one has nagging and critical parents was associated with gambling in more venues, while the opposite was true for having emotionally close and supportive families. However, perceptions of having authoritative mothers were not related to gambling. The results also showed that more frequent alcohol consumption was associated with higher odds of gambling in casinos, playing cards for money, betting on sports, gambling on the Internet, higher gambling losses, and a larger number of gambling venues. Conclusions As with any exploratory research, there are several unique lines of inquiry that can, and should, follow from these findings, including more research on how college students' attitudes toward gambling activities may have begun prior to college and been influenced by their feelings about their homes and parents.

Survey of American Indian alcohol statutes, 1975-2006: evolving needs and future opportunities for tribal health.

PubMed

Kovas, Anne E; McFarland, Bentson H; Landen, Michael G; Lopez, Adriana L; May, Philip A

2008-03-01

American Indians and Alaska Natives have the nation's highest morbidity and mortality owing to alcohol but also have opportunities to employ policies that could reduce the harmful effects of drinking. As sovereign nations, federally recognized tribes can adopt policies that are highly likely to have a beneficial impact on alcohol problems. The most recently published nationwide research on American Indian alcohol policies (conducted some 30 years ago) suggested that tribal policies may help minimize adverse consequences related to drinking. However, much has changed in Indian country during the last few decades, including redefinitions of relationships among tribes, states, and the federal government; recognition of tribes not previously acknowledged by federal authorities; and the advent of gaming and casinos. These developments raise numerous questions regarding the adoption and implementation of policies pertaining to alcohol. This project used the Federal Register to catalog alcohol statutes adopted by the 334 federally recognized tribes in the lower 48 states between 1975 and 2006. Tribes that do not have an alcohol policy have, by default, retained federal prohibition. During the 30-year study period, the percentage of tribes with statutes that permit alcohol increased from 29.2% to 63.5%. Later policies showed increases in complexity, such as tribal licensing requirements and facility restrictions to accompany increases in gaming and tourism. These data are highly relevant to Native decision makers as they attempt to develop and implement policies that will minimize the harmful effects of alcohol among indigenous peoples.

Economic effects of Ohio's smoke-free law on Kentucky and Ohio border counties.

PubMed

Pyles, Mark K; Hahn, Ellen J

2011-01-01

To determine if the Ohio statewide smoke-free law is associated with economic activity in Ohio or Kentucky counties that lie on the border between the two states. In November 2006, Ohio implemented a comprehensive statewide smoke-free law for all indoor workplaces. A feasible generalised least squares (FLGS) time series design to estimate the impact of the Ohio smoke-free law on Kentucky and Ohio border counties. Six Kentucky and six Ohio counties that lie on the border between the two states. All reporting hospitality and accommodation establishments in all Kentucky and Ohio counties including but not limited to food and drinking establishments, hotels and casinos. Total number of employees, total wages paid and number of reported establishments in all hospitality and accommodation services, 6 years before Ohio's law and 1 year after. There is no evidence of a disproportionate change in economic activity in Ohio or Kentucky border counties relative to their non-border counterparts. There was no evidence of a relation between Ohio's smoke-free law and economic activity in Kentucky border counties. The law generated a positive influence on wages and number of establishments in Ohio border counties. The null result cannot be explained by low test power, as minimum changes necessary in the dependent variables to detect a significant influence are very reasonable in size. Our data add to the large body of evidence that smoke-free laws are neutral with respect to the hospitality business across jurisdictions with and without laws.

Gambling and problem gambling in Switzerland.

PubMed

Billieux, Joël; Achab, Sophia; Savary, Jean-Félix; Simon, Olivier; Richter, Frédéric; Zullino, Daniele; Khazaal, Yasser

2016-09-01

To provide an overview of gambling and problem gambling in Switzerland, including historical aspects, past and current legislation and policies, treatment options and the research base. A literature search was conducted on two databases (PubMed and PsycINFO), and official government and statistical reports selected from the official websites of four sources (Federal Office of Justice; Federal Gambling Board; Federal Office of Statistics; Swiss Lottery and Betting Board). After a history of banning or partial banning, Swiss gambling became regulated at the beginning of the 20th century through successive laws. The current system is characterized by important differences in the law and policies for casinos and lotteries, and contradictions in the regulation of these two areas are still under debate in order to develop new legislation. Gambling is widespread in Switzerland, and the prevalence of problem gambling in this country was comparable to that in other European countries in 2014. Most gambling treatment facilities are integrated into mental health treatment services that have out-patient programmes, and treatment for problem gambling is covered by a universal compulsory Swiss health insurance system. The availability of public funding for gambling research is still limited. Switzerland needs to develop a more coherent regulatory and prevention policy approach to gambling, overcoming conflicts in the current dual system of federal and cantonal regulation. Recent efforts to enhance funding for gambling research are promising, and could lead to a more systematic analysis of the efficacy of prevention and treatment programmes. © 2016 Society for the Study of Addiction.

Gambling Motives in a Representative Swedish Sample of Risk Gamblers.

PubMed

Sundqvist, Kristina; Jonsson, Jakob; Wennberg, Peter

2016-12-01

Motives for gambling have been shown to be associated with gambling involvement, and hence important in the understanding of the etiology of problem gambling. The aim of this study was to describe differences in gambling motives in different subgroups of lifetime risk gamblers, categorized by: age, gender, alcohol- and drug habits and type of game preferred, when considering the level of risk gambling. A random Swedish sample (n = 19,530) was screened for risk gambling, using the Lie/Bet questionnaire. The study sample (n = 257) consisted of the respondents screening positive on Lie/Bet and completing a postal questionnaire about gambling and motives for gambling (measured with the NODS-PERC and the RGQ respectively). When considering the level of risk gambling, motives for gambling were not associated with gender, whereas younger persons gambled for the challenge more often than did older participants. Card/Casino and Sport gamblers played to a greater extent for social and challenge reasons then did Lotto/Bingo-gamblers. EGM-gamblers played more for coping reasons than did Lotto/Bingo gamblers. However, this association turned non-significant when considering the level of risk gambling. Moderate risk gamblers played for the challenge and coping reasons to a greater extent than low risk gamblers motives for gambling differ across subgroups of preferred game and between gamblers with low and moderate risk. The level of risk gambling is intertwined with motives for gambling and should be considered when examining gambling reasons.

The Relationship Between the Number of Types of Legal Gambling and the Rates of Gambling Behaviors and Problems Across U.S. States.

PubMed

Welte, John W; Tidwell, Marie-Cecile O; Barnes, Grace M; Hoffman, Joseph H; Wieczorek, William F

2016-06-01

In this article, we examine the relationship between the total number of types of gambling that are legal in a state and the gambling involvement of state residents. Of particular interest is whether more types of legal gambling are associated with higher rates of problem gambling. Telephone surveys of U.S. adults were conducted in 1999-2000 and 2011-2013. The same questions were used and the data sets were combined for most of the analyses. Gambling exposure was defined as the sum of the number of years that all types were legal. Results tabulated by state showed progressively higher rates of problem gambling, frequent gambling and any past year gambling as the number of legal types of gambling increased. Holding constant the number of legal types, problem gambling rates increased as exposure increased. States with longer exposure to legal lotteries or casinos tended to have higher rates of problem gambling. An analysis was also conducted in which the data sets from 1999 to 2000 and from 2011 to 2013 were compared. Among the states, there was a striking positive relationship between changes in the number of legal types of gambling between the two studies and changes in rates of frequent gambling between the two studies. For states that had fewer types of legal gambling in 2011 than in 1999, the rates of frequent gambling went down. For states that increased their types of legal gambling, rates of frequent gambling typically, but not always, went up. Possible explanations for these results were discussed.

Belief in luck or in skill: which locks people into gambling?

PubMed

Zhou, Kun; Tang, Hui; Sun, Yue; Huang, Gui-Hai; Rao, Li-Lin; Liang, Zhu-Yuan; Li, Shu

2012-09-01

According to the social axioms framework, people's beliefs about how the world functions (i.e., internal or external locus of control) are related to their social behaviors. Previous researchers have attempted to relate locus of control to gambling behavior, but the results have not been clear-cut. The present study speculated that the effects of perceived control (i.e., belief in luck and belief in skill) on gambling behavior are domain-specific and vary with the type of gambling. A total of 306 adult Macau residents ranging in age from 18 to 65 with casino gambling experience were recruited by going door to door. Empirical data on gambling frequency and perceived control relating to 13 types of gambling were collected. Our results demonstrated that the effects of belief in luck or skill on gambling behavior varied across different gambling categories. Specifically, for football lottery, Chinese lottery, and baccarat, it was not belief in skill but rather belief in luck that was a positive significant predictor of gambling frequency. Only for slot machines and stud poker did belief in skill significantly predict gambling frequency. For the remaining eight gambling categories, neither belief in luck nor belief in skill could predict gambling frequency. Our findings indicate that neither internal nor external locus of control can consistently explain people's gambling behaviors. Instead, which factor plays a greater role in a person's gambling behavior is dependent on the gambling type. Therefore, the finding that not all gambles are created equal might be a promising avenue for further research and treatment approaches.

Structure and content of Native American stereotypic subgroups: Not just (ig)noble.

PubMed

Burkley, Edward; Durante, Federica; Fiske, Susan T; Burkley, Melissa; Andrade, Angela

2017-04-01

Prejudice against Native Americans as an overall group generally polarizes into positive and negative stereotypic extremes, but distinct subgroups may explain this variability. Using college student samples (Study 1), a preliminary study identified common Native American subgroups and then a main study (N = 153, 74% women, 73% White, mean age = 19 years) had participants rate these subgroups on basic dimensions of stereotype content (i.e., warmth and competence), elicited emotions (e.g., admiration, contempt), and elicited behaviors (e.g., facilitation, harm). In Study 2, these preliminary study and main study procedures were replicated using nationwide samples (main study: N = 139, 51% women, 78% White, mean age = 35 years). For the most part, similar Native American subgroups emerged in both samples. Using the stereotype content model (SCM; Fiske, Cuddy, Glick, & Xu, 2002), the subgroups were found to vary along a competence-by-warmth space. The majority of subgroups (e.g., alcoholics, lazy) were judged low in both competence and warmth. Additional subgroups (e.g., casino operators, warriors) were ambivalently judged as high on competence but low on warmth. Subgroups perceived as high in both competence and warmth elicited more admiration, those low in both competence and warmth elicited more contempt, those high in competence elicited more passive facilitation and less passive harm, and those high in warmth elicited more active facilitation and less active harm. Native American stereotypes are apparently characterized by both noble and ignoble subgroups, highlighting the importance of studying stereotypes at the subgroup level. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

The effect of the AED and AED programs on survival of individuals, groups and populations.

PubMed

Stokes, Nathan Allen; Scapigliati, Andrea; Trammell, Antoine R; Parish, David C

2012-10-01

The automated external defibrillator (AED) is a tool that contributes to survival with mixed outcomes. This review assesses the effectiveness of the AED, consistencies and variations among studies, and how varying outcomes can be resolved. A worksheet for the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) 2010 science review focused on hospital survival in AED programs was the foundation of the articles reviewed. Articles identified in the search covering a broader range of topics were added. All articles were read by at least two authors; consensus discussions resolved differences. AED use developed sequentially. Use of AEDs by emergency medical technicians (EMTs) compared to manual defibrillators showed equal or superior survival. AED use was extended to trained responders likely to be near victims, such as fire/rescue, police, airline attendants, and casino security guards, with improvement in all venues but not all programs. Broad public access initiatives demonstrated increased survival despite low rates of AED use. Home AED programs have not improved survival; in-hospital trials have had mixed results. Successful programs have placed devices in high-risk sites, maintained the AEDs, recruited a team with a duty to respond, and conducted ongoing assessment of the program. The AED can affect survival among patients with sudden ventricular fibrillation (VF). Components of AED programs that affect outcome include the operator, location, the emergency response system, ongoing maintenance and evaluation. Comparing outcomes is complicated by variations in definitions of populations and variables. The effect of AEDs on individuals can be dramatic, but the effect on populations is limited.

Perceptions of ceremonial and nonceremonial uses of tobacco by American-Indian adolescents in California.

PubMed

Unger, Jennifer B; Soto, Claradina; Baezconde-Garbanati, Lourdes

2006-04-01

American-Indian adolescents have the highest tobacco use prevalence of all ethnic groups in the United States. Although much has been written about the role of tobacco in traditional Native-American cultures, little is known about modern-day perceptions of tobacco among American-Indian adolescents. This study conducted focus groups of 40 American-Indian adolescents in urban and rural areas of Southern California. Participants discussed the role of traditional ceremonial tobacco use in their lives, the use of commercial tobacco as a substitute for sacred tobacco, the perceived safety of traditional versus commercial tobacco, and the perceptions of American-Indian imagery in tobacco advertising. Many American-Indian adolescents may be introduced to traditional tobacco use at early ages. Smoking is viewed as a sign of respect for the elders, but there are acceptable ways for adolescents to participate in ceremonies without inhaling smoke. Commercial cigarettes often are substituted for homegrown tobacco at ceremonies and events. Traditional tobacco was perceived as less dangerous than commercial tobacco because it does not contain chemical additives. However, respondents still perceived that smoking traditional tobacco and breathing tobacco smoke conferred health hazards. Participants found the use of American-Indian imagery in tobacco advertising offensive and stereotypical. Indian casinos were mentioned frequently as places where smoking occurred. Continued health education efforts are needed to decrease habitual use of commercial tobacco products and secondhand smoke exposure among American-Indian youth. Further research is needed to identify ways for American-Indian youth to participate in their cultural traditions while minimizing their risk for tobacco-related diseases.

The Three Dimensional Flow Field at the Exit of an Axial-Flow Turbine Rotor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lakshminarayana, B.; Ristic, D.; Chu, S.

1998-01-01

A systematic and comprehensive investigation was performed to provide detailed data on the three dimensional viscous flow phenomena downstream of a modem turbine rotor and to understand the flow physics such as origin, nature, development of wakes, secondary flow, and leakage flow. The experiment was carried out in the Axial Flow Turbine Research Facility (AFTRF) at Penn State, with velocity measurements taken with a 3-D LDV System. Two radial traverses at 1% and 10% of chord downstream of the rotor have been performed to identify the three-dimensional flow features at the exit of the rotor blade row. Sufficient spatial resolution was maintained to resolve blade wake, secondary flow, and tip leakage flow. The wake deficit is found to be substantial, especially at 1% of chord downstream of the rotor. At this location, negative axial velocity occurs near the tip, suggesting flow separation in the tip clearance region. Turbulence intensities peak in the wake region, and cross- correlations are mainly associated with the velocity gradient of the wake deficit. The radial velocities, both in the wake and in the endwall region, are found to be substantial. Two counter-rotating secondary flows are identified in the blade passage, with one occupying the half span close to the casino and the other occupying the half span close to the hub. The tip leakage flow is well restricted to 10% immersion from the blade tip. There are strong vorticity distributions associated with these secondary flows and tip leakage flow. The passage averaged data are in good agreement with design values.

Using cross-game behavioral markers for early identification of high-risk internet gamblers.

PubMed

Braverman, Julia; LaPlante, Debi A; Nelson, Sarah E; Shaffer, Howard J

2013-09-01

Using actual gambling behavior provides the opportunity to develop behavioral markers that operators can use to predict the development of gambling-related problems among their subscribers. Participants were 4,056 Internet gamblers who subscribed to the Internet betting service provider bwin.party. Half of this sample included multiple platform gamblers who were identified by bwin.party's Responsible Gambling (RG) program; the other half were controls randomly selected from those who had the same first deposit date. Using the daily aggregated Internet betting transactions for gamblers' first 31 calendar days of online betting activities at bwin.party, we employed a 2-step analytic strategy: (a) applying an exploratory chi-squared automatic interaction detection (CHAID) decision tree method to identify characteristics that distinguished a subgroup of high-risk Internet gamblers from the rest of the sample, and (b) conducting a confirmatory analysis of those characteristics among an independent validation sample. This analysis identified two high-risk groups (i.e., groups in which 90% of the members were identified by bwin.party's RG program): Group 1 engaged in three or more gambling activities and evidenced high wager variability on casino-type games; Group 2 engaged in two different gambling activities and evidenced high variability for live action wagers. This analysis advances an ongoing research program to identify potentially problematic Internet gamblers during the earliest stages of their Internet gambling. Gambling providers and public policymakers can use these results to inform early intervention programs that target high-risk Internet gamblers. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved.

Type of gambling as an independent risk factor for suicidal events in pathological gamblers.

PubMed

Bischof, Anja; Meyer, Christian; Bischof, Gallus; John, Ulrich; Wurst, Friedrich Martin; Thon, Natasha; Lucht, Michael; Grabe, Hans-Joergen; Rumpf, Hans-Juergen

2016-03-01

Individuals with pathological gambling have an increased risk for suicidal events. Additionally, the prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders is high among pathological gamblers. This study analyzes whether the type of gambling is associated with suicidal events in pathological gamblers independently from comorbidity. Participants were recruited in 4 different ways: via random telephone sample from the general population, via individual invitation for study participation in gambling locations, through various media and the distribution of a leaflet in various settings, and via inpatient treatment facilities for pathological gambling. The final sample included 442 participants with a lifetime diagnosis of pathological gambling. A standardized clinical interview was conducted. High financial losses were associated with suicidal events (odds ratio [OR] = 1.94, 95% 95% confidence interval [CI], [1.11, 3.37]), as were mood disorders (OR = 7.70, 95% CI, [4.44, 13.37]) and female gender (OR = 2.52, 95% CI, [1.20, 5.28]). Gambling on electronic gambling machines in gambling halls or bars was associated with increased odds of suicidal events (OR = 2.94, 95% CI, [1.38, 6.24]). Other types of gambling, such as casino games or betting on sports, or the number of DSM-IV criteria for pathological gambling were not associated independently with suicidal events. Our findings suggest that gambling on electronic gambling machines in gambling halls or bars is associated with suicidal events in pathological gamblers independently of comorbidity. This result shows that the type of gambling needs to be considered as a relevant factor in gambling research. (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

Breadth and depth involvement: Understanding Internet gambling involvement and its relationship to gambling problems.

PubMed

LaPlante, Debi A; Nelson, Sarah E; Gray, Heather M

2014-06-01

The "involvement effect" refers to the finding that controlling for gambling involvement often reduces or eliminates frequently observed game-specific associations with problem gambling. In other words, broader patterns of gambling behavior, particularly the number of types of games played over a defined period, contribute more to problem gambling than playing specific games (e.g., lottery, casino, Internet gambling). This study extends this burgeoning area of inquiry in three primary ways. First, it tests independently and simultaneously the predictive power of two gambling patterns: breadth involvement (i.e., the number of games an individual plays) and depth involvement (i.e., the number of days an individual plays). Second, it includes the first involvement analyses of actual betting activity records that are associated with clinical screening information. Third, it evaluates and compares the linearity of breadth and depth effects. We conducted analyses of the actual gambling activity of 1,440 subscribers to the bwin.party gambling service who completed an online gambling disorder screen. In all, 11 of the 16 games we examined had a significant univariate association with a positive screen for gambling disorder. However, after controlling for breadth involvement, only Live Action Internet sports betting retained a significant relationship with potential gambling-related problems. Depth involvement, though significantly related to potential problems, did not impact game-based gambling disorder associations as much as breadth involvement. Finally, breadth effects appeared steeply linear, with a slight quadratic component manifesting beyond four games played, but depth effects appeared to have a strong linear component and a slight cubic component.

Clinical features and psychiatric comorbidity of subjects with pathological gambling behavior.

PubMed

Black, D W; Moyer, T

1998-11-01

Sociodemographic features, phenomenology, and psychiatric comorbidity of 30 subjects reporting pathological gambling behavior were examined. Twenty-three men and seven women were recruited by advertisement and word-of-mouth. They all scored higher than 5 points on the South Oaks Gambling Screen, indicating problematic gambling behaviors. They completed structured and semistructured assessments, including the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for DSM-III-R disorders (DIS), the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire, Fourth Revision (PDQ-IV), and the Minnesota Impulsive Disorders Interview. The typical subject was a 44-year-old white married man with a mean income of $34,250 who visited a casino once or more weekly. All 30 subjects reported gambling more money than they intended to. Twenty subjects (67 percent) reported gambling as a current problem, and nine (30 percent) reported it as a past problem. Twenty-one subjects (70 percent) wanted to stop gambling but did not feel they could. According to DIS results, 18 subjects (60 percent) had a lifetime mood disorder, 19 (64 percent) a lifetime substance use disorder, and 12 (40 percent) a lifetime anxiety disorder. Based on the PDQ-IV, 26 subjects (87 percent) had a personality disorder, the most common being obsessive-compulsive, avoidant, schizotypal, and paranoid personality disorders. The sample also had a relatively high rate of antisocial personality disorder. Impulse control disorders were common, especially compulsive buying and compulsive sexual behavior. The results confirm that individuals with pathological gambling suffer substantial psychiatric comorbidity. They support continued inclusion of pathological gambling in the diagnostic category of impulse control disorders.

The utility of levosimendan in the treatment of heart failure.

PubMed

Lehtonen, Lasse; Põder, Pentti

2007-01-01

Calcium sensitizers are a new group of inotropic drugs. Levosimendan is the only calcium sensitizer in clinical use in Europe. Its mechanism of action includes both calcium sensitization of contractile proteins and the opening of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent potassium channels as mechanism of vasodilation. The combination of K-channel opening with positive inotropy offers potential benefits in comparison to currently available intravenous inotropes, since K-channel opening protects myocardium during ischemia. Due to the calcium-dependent binding of levosimendan to troponin C, the drug increases contractility without negative lusitropic effects. In patients with heart failure levosimendan dose-dependently increases cardiac output and reduces pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. Since levosimendan has an active metabolite OR-1896 with a half-life of some 80 hours, the duration of the hemodynamic effects significantly exceeds the 1-hour half-life of the parent compound. The hemodynamic effects of the levosimendan support its use in acute and postoperative heart failure. Several moderate-size trials (LIDO, RUSSLAN, CASINO) have previously suggested that the drug might even improve the prognosis of patients with decompensated heart failure. These trials were carried out in patients with high filling pressures. Recently two larger trials (SURVIVE and REVIVE) in patients who were hospitalized because of worsening heart failure have been finalized. These trials did not require filling pressures to be measured. The two trials showed that levosimendan improves the symptoms of heart failure, but does not improve survival. The results raise the question whether a 24-hour levosimendan infusion can be used without invasive hemodynamic monitoring.

Gambling goals predict chasing behavior during slot machine play.

PubMed

Lister, Jamey J; Nower, Lia; Wohl, Michael J A

2016-11-01

The purpose of this study was to test the effect of gambling goals (i.e., gambling achievement-orientation) on chasing behavior (i.e., decision to chase, chasing spins) over and above known antecedents (e.g., problem gambling severity, winning money motivations, approach/avoidance motivation). Young adult gamblers (N=121) were provided $20 and invited to use those funds on a slot machine situated in an immersive virtual reality casino. Unbeknownst to participants, outcomes were manipulated such that a nominal amount of money was either won or lost (depending on experimental condition) after 30 spins. Before the 31st spin, participants were asked if they wished to continue play. If they agreed, all successive spin outcomes were a loss. This permitted an assessment of what factors influence a player's: (1) decision to chase and (2) the number of chasing spins played in the face of loss. Almost all participants (n=95, 78.5%) screened positive for problem gambling symptoms. The majority of gamblers decided to chase (n=67, 55.4%). In bivariate analyses, higher gambling goal and problem gambling severity scores (but not approach/avoidance nor 'loss/win' condition) were positively related to both forms of chasing. Gamblers 'motivated to win money' were more likely to decide to chase. In multivariate analyses, higher gambling goals best accounted for both forms of chasing independent of known antecedents. This study provides the first evidence that gambling goals can influence chasing. Implications for shaping responsible gambling approaches to be more consistent with motivations for play are discussed. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Relationship Between the Number of Types of Legal Gambling and the Rates of Gambling Behaviors and Problems Across U.S. States

PubMed Central

Tidwell, Marie-Cecile O.; Barnes, Grace M.; Hoffman, Joseph H.; Wieczorek, William F.

2015-01-01

In this article, we examine the relationship between the total number of types of gambling that are legal in a state and the gambling involvement of state residents. Of particular interest is whether more types of legal gambling are associated with higher rates of problem gambling. Telephone surveys of U.S. adults were conducted in 1999–2000 and 2011–2013. The same questions were used and the data sets were combined for most of the analyses. Gambling exposure was defined as the sum of the number of years that all types were legal. Results tabulated by state showed progressively higher rates of problem gambling, frequent gambling and any past year gambling as the number of legal types of gambling increased. Holding constant the number of legal types, problem gambling rates increased as exposure increased. States with longer exposure to legal lotteries or casinos tended to have higher rates of problem gambling. An analysis was also conducted in which the data sets from 1999 to 2000 and from 2011 to 2013 were compared. Among the states, there was a striking positive relationship between changes in the number of legal types of gambling between the two studies and changes in rates of frequent gambling between the two studies. For states that had fewer types of legal gambling in 2011 than in 1999, the rates of frequent gambling went down. For states that increased their types of legal gambling, rates of frequent gambling typically, but not always, went up. Possible explanations for these results were discussed. PMID:26050148

Sociodemographic Correlates and Morbidity in Lottery Gamblers: Results from a Population Survey.

PubMed

Subramaniam, Mythily; Tang, Benjamin; Abdin, Edimansyah; Vaingankar, Janhavi Ajit; Picco, Louisa; Chong, Siow Ann

2016-03-01

The aim of the current study was to examine the socio-demographic correlates, the association of mental and physical illness, and the prevalence of pathological gambling among three groups (1) those with lottery gambling only (2) those with lottery and other types of gambling and (3) those with other types of gambling only-such as playing cards, sports betting, horse racing, casino gambling etc. Data was used from a nationwide cross-sectional epidemiological nationally representative survey of the resident (Singapore Citizens and Permanent Residents) population in Singapore of 6616 Singaporean adults aged 18 years and older. All respondents were administered the South Oaks Gambling Screen to screen for pathological gambling. The diagnoses of mental disorders were established using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and relevant socio-demographic data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Lottery gambling was by far the most popular form of gambling in Singapore, with 83.5 % of those who had ever gambled indicating that they had participated in lottery gambling. Those who participated in lottery gambling alone were more likely to belong to the older age group (as compared to the 18-35 years age group), be of Indian ethnicity, have a secondary or vocational education, and earn a lower income as compared to the other two groups. Our findings that those with pure lottery gambling were significantly less likely to be pathological gamblers and had significantly lower odds of psychiatric and physical morbidity as compared to the other two groups are unique and need further research.

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and health effects among hospitality workers in Sweden--before and after the implementation of a smoke-free law.

PubMed

Larsson, Matz; Boëthius, Göran; Axelsson, Sara; Montgomery, Scott M

2008-08-01

This study attempted to identify changes in exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, as well as symptoms and attitudes among hospitality workers after the introduction of extended smoke-free workplace legislation. A total of 37 volunteers working in bingo halls and casinos (gaming workers) and 54 bars and restaurant employees (other workers) in nine Swedish communities participated in the study. Altogether 71 of 91 persons (14 daily smokers and 57 nonsmokers) participated in both the pre-ban baseline survey and the follow-up 12 months after the ban. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, smoking habits, respiratory and sensory symptoms, and attitudes towards the ban were recorded, and spirometry was carried out. The frequency of reported respiratory and sensory symptoms was approximately halved among the nonsmokers in both occupational groups after the introduction of the ban. Initially 87% had exposure to environmental tobacco smoke that was over the nicotine cut-off level chosen to identify possible health risk ( <0.5 microg/m3) while, after the ban, it was only 22%, a relative risk of 0.25 (95% confidence interval 0.15-0.41). The risk decreased in both occupational groups, but gaming workers experienced the highest pre-ban exposure levels. Attitudes towards the legislation were largely positive, particularly after the ban. However, there was no notable change in lung function, and there was no notable reduction in the number of cigarettes consumed by smokers. The introduction of smoke-free legislation was associated with a substantial reduction in respiratory and sensory symptoms, as well as reduced exposure to environmental tobacco smoke at work, particularly among gaming workers.

Voluntary limit setting and player choice in most intense online gamblers: an empirical study of gambling behaviour.

PubMed

Auer, Michael; Griffiths, Mark D

2013-12-01

Social responsibility in gambling has become a major issue for the gaming industry. The possibility for online gamblers to set voluntary time and money limits are a social responsibility practice that is now widespread among online gaming operators. The main issue concerns whether the voluntary setting of such limits has any positive impact on subsequent gambling behaviour and whether such measures are of help to problem gamblers. In this paper, this issue is examined through data collected from a representative random sample of 100,000 players who gambled on the win2day gambling website. When opening an account at the win2day site, there is a mandatory requirement for all players to set time and cash-in limits (that cannot exceed 800 per week). During a 3-month period, all voluntary time and/or money limit setting behaviour by a subsample of online gamblers (n = 5,000) within this mandatory framework was tracked and recorded for subsequent data analysis. From the 5,000 gamblers, the 10 % most intense players (as measured by theoretical loss) were further investigated. Voluntary spending limits had the highest significant effect on subsequent monetary spending among casino and lottery gamblers. Monetary spending among poker players significantly decreased after setting a voluntary time limit. The highest significant decrease in playing duration was among poker players after setting a voluntary playing duration limit. The results of the study demonstrated that voluntary limit setting had a specific and significant effect on the studied gamblers. Therefore, voluntary limits appear to show an appropriate effect in the desired target group (i.e., the most gaming intense players).

A new indicator mineral methodology based on a generic Bi-Pb-Te-S mineral inclusion signature in detrital gold from porphyry and low/intermediate sulfidation epithermal environments in Yukon Territory, Canada

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chapman, R. J.; Allan, M. M.; Mortensen, J. K.; Wrighton, T. M.; Grimshaw, M. R.

2017-12-01

Porphyry-epithermal and orogenic gold are two of the most important styles of gold-bearing mineralization within orogenic belts. Populations of detrital gold resulting from bulk erosion of such regions may exhibit a compositional continuum wherein Ag, Cu, and Hg in the gold alloy may vary across the full range exhibited by natural gold. This paper describes a new methodology whereby orogenic and porphyry-epithermal gold may be distinguished according to the mineralogy of microscopic inclusions observed within detrital gold particles. A total of 1459 gold grains from hypogene, eluvial, and placer environments around calc-alkaline porphyry deposits in Yukon (Nucleus-Revenue, Casino, Sonora Gulch, and Cyprus-Klaza) have been characterized in terms of their alloy compositions (Au, Ag, Cu, and Hg) and their inclusion mineralogy. Despite differences in the evolution of the different magmatic hydrothermal systems, the gold exhibits a clear Bi-Pb-Te-S mineralogy in the inclusion suite, a signature which is either extremely weak or (most commonly) absent in both Yukon orogenic gold and gold from orogenic settings worldwide. Generic systematic compositional changes in ore mineralogy previously identified across the porphyry-epithermal transition have been identified in the corresponding inclusion suites observed in samples from Yukon. However, the Bi-Te association repeatedly observed in gold from the porphyry mineralization persists into the epithermal environment. Ranges of P-T-X conditions are replicated in the geological environments which define generic styles of mineralization. These parameters influence both gold alloy composition and ore mineralogy, of which inclusion suites are a manifestation. Consequently, we propose that this methodology approach can underpin a widely applicable indicator methodology based on detrital gold.