Spectroscopy of the low-frequency vibrational modes of CH3+ isotopologues

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Asvany, Oskar; Thorwirth, Sven; Redlich, Britta; Schlemmer, Stephan

2018-05-01

The low-frequency stretching and bending vibrations of the isotopologues CH2D+,CD2H+ and CD3+ have been recorded at low temperature and low resolution. For this, a cryogenic 22-pole trapping machine coupled to an IR beamline of the FELIX free electron laser facility has been used. To record the overview spectra, the laser induced reactions CDm Hn+ + H2 → hν CDm-1 Hn+1+ +HD have been applied for these species. As this scheme is not applicable to CH3+, the latter has been tagged with He and subsequently dissociated by the IR beam. For the resulting CH3+ -He spectrum, broad features are observed below 1000 cm-1 possibly related to vibrational motions involving the He atom. The extracted vibrational band positions for all species are compared to results from high-level quantum-chemical calculations.

Expression of calpain-calpastatin system (CCS) member proteins in human lymphocytes of young and elderly individuals; pilot baseline data for the CALPACENT project.

PubMed

Mikosik, Anna; Foerster, Jerzy; Jasiulewicz, Aleksandra; Frąckowiak, Joanna; Colonna-Romano, Giuseppina; Bulati, Matteo; Buffa, Silvio; Martorana, Adriana; Caruso, Calogero; Bryl, Ewa; Witkowski, Jacek M

2013-07-08

Ubiquitous system of regulatory, calcium-dependent, cytoplasmic proteases - calpains - and their endogenous inhibitor - calpastatin - is implicated in the proteolytic regulation of activation, proliferation, and apoptosis of many cell types. However, it has not been thoroughly studied in resting and activated human lymphocytes yet, especially in relation to the subjects' ageing process. The CALPACENT project is an international (Polish-Italian) project aiming at verifying the hypothesis of the role of calpains in the function of peripheral blood immune cells of Polish (Pomeranian) and Italian (Sicilian) centenarians, apparently relatively preserved in comparison to the general elderly population. In this preliminary report we aimed at establishing and comparing the baseline levels of expression of μ- and m-calpain and calpastatin in various, phenotypically defined, populations of human peripheral blood lymphocytes for healthy elderly Sicilians and Poles, as compared to these values observed in young cohort. We have found significant differences in the expression of both μ- and m-calpain as well as calpastatin between various populations of peripheral blood lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+ and CD19+), both between the age groups compared and within them. Interestingly, significantly higher amounts of μ- and m-calpains but not of calpastatin could be demonstrated in the CD4+CD28- and CD8+CD28- lymphocytes of old subjects (but not in the cells of young individuals), as compared to their CD28+ counterparts. Finally, decreased expression of both calpains in the elderly T cells is not related to the accumulation of effector/memory (CD45RO+) cells in the latter, as the expression of both calpains does not differ significantly between the naïve and memory T cells, while is significantly lower for elderly lymphocytes if both populations are taken separately. Observed differences in the amounts of CCS member proteins between various populations of lymphocytes of young and elderly subjects may participate in the impaired proliferative activity of these cells in the elderly.

Differences in regional homogeneity between patients with Crohn's disease with and without abdominal pain revealed by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging

PubMed Central

Wu, Lu-Yi; Jin, Xiao-Ming; Wang, Si-Yao; Shi, Yin; Zhang, Jian-Ye; Zeng, Xiao-Qing; Ma, Li-Li; Qin, Wei; Zhao, Ji-Meng; Calhoun, Vince D.; Tian, Jie; Wu, Huan-Gan

2016-01-01

Abnormal pain processing in the central nervous system may be related to abdominal pain in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in resting-state brain activity in CD patients in remission and its relationship with the presence of abdominal pain. Twenty-five CD patients with abdominal pain, 25 CD patients without abdominal pain, and 32 healthy subjects were scanned using a 3.0 T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner. Regional homogeneity (ReHo) was used to assess resting-state brain activity. Daily pain scores were collected 1 week before fMRI scanning. We found that patients with abdominal pain exhibited lower ReHo values in the insula, middle cingulate cortex (MCC), and supplementary motor area, and higher ReHo values in the temporal pole. In contrast, patients without abdominal pain exhibited lower ReHo values in the hippocampal/parahippocampal cortex and higher ReHo values in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (all P<0.05, corrected). The ReHo values of the insula and MCC were significantly negatively correlated with daily pain scores for patients with abdominal pain (r=−0.53, P=0.008, and r=−0.61, P=0.002, respectively). These findings suggest that resting-state brain activities are different between remissive CD patients with and without abdominal pain, and that abnormal activities in insula and MCC are closely related to the severity of abdominal pain. PMID:26761381

Making Antarctic Atmospheric Electricity Data Available to Living with a Star and Climate Change Investigators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bering, Edgar

2004-01-01

This proposal requests support for making the nearly three decades of Antarctic atmospheric electricity data available to more workers. Measurements of the vertical electric field and air-earth current density made at the Earth's surface in Antarctica have recently been shown to be of considerable interest to scientists interested in monitoring short-term Sun-Earth connections and long term climate change. Such measurements have been made off and on for more than three decades, primarily at Vostok and South Pole stations. There is no single place where all of these data can be obtained via the Internet in a contemporary format. The work proposed here will attempt to remedy this deficiency as much as possible. Data we know to be presently available include data from South Pole, 1982-86 and 1991-1993, and Vostok station, 1997-present. Data were taken at South Pole and Vostok in the 60's and O'S, but these may prove difficult to obtain in digital form. At present, only the University of Houston's 1991-1993 data are available on the Web. Unfortunately, they are stored on a server slated for retirement. Also, they are written VAX binary floating point, using the UCLA/Stanford/Michigan flatfile format (FLATDBMS), which is obscure to some users. We propose to combine and reformat the three available data sets plus any others we can obtain onto a newer server. We will use a more common and comprehensible format. Archival copies will be burned onto CD and/or DVD-ROM media. Finally we will register these data with the appropriate NASA data systems.

Force interaction and 3D pole movement in double poling.

PubMed

Stöggl, T; Holmberg, H-C

2011-12-01

The aim of this study was to analyze double poling using combined kinetic and 3D kinematic analysis at high skiing speeds as regards pole force components, pole angles and pole behavior during the poling and swing phase. The hypothesis was that a horizontal pole force is more predictive for maximal skiing speed (V(max)) than the resultant pole force. Sixteen elite skiers performed a double-poling V(max) test while treadmill roller skiing. Pole forces and 3D kinematics of pole movement at a speed of 30 km/h were analyzed and related to V(max). The duration of the "preparation phase" showed the strongest relationship with V(max) (r=0.87, P<0.001). Faster skiers generated longer cycle lengths with longer swing and poling times, had less inclined pole angles at pole plant and a later peak pole force. Horizontal pole forces were not more highly related to V(max) compared with the resultant pole force. Impact force was not related to V(max). At high skiing speeds, skiers should aim to combine high pole forces with appropriate timing of pole forces and appropriate pole and body positions during the swing and poling phase. The emphasis in training should be on the development of specific strength capacities for pole force production and the utilization of these capacities in double-poling training sessions. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

Low loss pole configuration for multi-pole homopolar magnetic bearings

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Blumenstock, Kenneth A. (Inventor); Hakun, Claef F. (Inventor)

2001-01-01

A new pole configuration for multi-pole homopolar bearings proposed in this invention reduces rotational losses caused by eddy-currents generated when non-uniform flux distributions exist along the rotor surfaces. The new homopolar magnetic bearing includes a stator with reduced pole-to-pole and exhibits a much more uniform rotor flux than with large pole-to-pole gaps. A pole feature called a pole-link is incorporated into the low-loss poles to provide a uniform pole-to-pole gap and a controlled path for pole-to-pole flux. In order to implement the low-loss pole configuration of magnetic bearings with small pole-to-pole gaps, a new stator configuration was developed to facilitate installation of coil windings. The stator was divided into sector shaped pieces, as many pieces as there are poles. Each sector-shaped pole-piece can be wound on a standard coil winding machine, and it is practical to wind precision layer wound coils. To achieve maximum actuation efficiency, it is desirable to use all the available space for the coil formed by the natural geometric configuration. Then, the coils can be wound in a tapered shape. After winding, the sectored-pole-pieces are installed into and fastened by bonding or other means, to a ring of material which encloses the sectored-pole-pieces, forming a complete stator.

PopZ identifies the new pole, and PodJ identifies the old pole during polar growth in Agrobacterium tumefaciens

PubMed Central

Grangeon, Romain; Zupan, John R.; Anderson-Furgeson, James; Zambryski, Patricia C.

2015-01-01

Agrobacterium tumefaciens elongates by addition of peptidoglycan (PG) only at the pole created by cell division, the growth pole, whereas the opposite pole, the old pole, is inactive for PG synthesis. How Agrobacterium assigns and maintains pole asymmetry is not understood. Here, we investigated whether polar growth is correlated with novel pole-specific localization of proteins implicated in a variety of growth and cell division pathways. The cell cycle of A. tumefaciens was monitored by time-lapse and superresolution microscopy to image the localization of A. tumefaciens homologs of proteins involved in cell division, PG synthesis and pole identity. FtsZ and FtsA accumulate at the growth pole during elongation, and improved imaging reveals FtsZ disappears from the growth pole and accumulates at the midcell before FtsA. The L,D-transpeptidase Atu0845 was detected mainly at the growth pole. A. tumefaciens specific pole-organizing protein (Pop) PopZAt and polar organelle development (Pod) protein PodJAt exhibited dynamic yet distinct behavior. PopZAt was found exclusively at the growing pole and quickly switches to the new growth poles of both siblings immediately after septation. PodJAt is initially at the old pole but then also accumulates at the growth pole as the cell cycle progresses suggesting that PodJAt may mediate the transition of the growth pole to an old pole. Thus, PopZAt is a marker for growth pole identity, whereas PodJAt identifies the old pole. PMID:26324921

Military Personnel Selection and Diagnostic Control of Human Functional State in High Altitude Conditions

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-06-01

individually authored sections f proceedings, annals, symposia, etc. However, the component should be considered within [he context of the overall compilation...data of oscillometry are: a) an increase of diastolic and mean arterial pressure AP no more than 10-15 mm of mercury pole (Hg); b) changing of...Ow- 00 oC "_ I 1.4C" >. U0 U U4 15-12 C14) 00 F -- Ci-0 toiL C) f Cuu 4;- 0CD C)C 5 0 cuc cdo 4! C)* 00 09 0 0- C=1 -4o 0 F - 8 - gCsC u 0 > 0 >o > 2- 0

Dedifferentiated endometrial carcinomas with neuroendocrine features: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic study.

PubMed

Espinosa, Iñigo; De Leo, Antonio; D'Angelo, Emanuela; Rosa-Rosa, Juan M; Corominas, Marina; Gonzalez, Alan; Palacios, José; Prat, Jaime

2018-02-01

Undifferentiated endometrial carcinoma is an aggressive type of uterine cancer, which is occasionally associated with a low-grade endometrioid carcinoma component. This combination is referred to as "dedifferentiated endometrioid endometrial carcinoma." Neuroendocrine expression may occur in undifferentiated endometrial carcinoma, but its significance in dedifferentiated endometrial carcinomas is unknown. To gain insight into the pathogenesis of these tumors we have analyzed the immunophenotype (ARID1A, MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, MSH6, p53, β-catenin, SMARCB1, synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and CD56) and mutational status (PTEN, KRAS, PIK3CA, TP53 and POLE) of 4 dedifferentiated endometrial carcinomas with strong and diffuse neuroendocrine expression. All tumors demonstrated neuroendocrine expression in ≥70% of the cells in the undifferentiated carcinoma areas. Loss of expression of at least 1 DNA mismatch repair protein was observed in 2 cases, and p53 immunoreaction was aberrant (mutated/inactivated) in one case. All carcinomas were negative for β-catenin and maintained nuclear SMARCB1 (INI1) and ARID1A expression. Three tumors shared identical endometrioid molecular profile (PTEN and/or PIK3CA mutations) in both components. One tumor had POLE exonuclease domain mutation in the undifferentiated component. In one case, TP53 mutation was found exclusively in the undifferentiated component. Two patients died with peritoneal carcinomatosis and abdominal metastases, respectively; one patient died of a renal failure without evidence of disease, and the last patient is alive and free of disease at 3.3 years. Dedifferentiated endometrial carcinomas with neuroendocrine features are clinically and molecularly heterogeneous tumors. Probably, these carcinomas might acquire undifferentiated phenotype through mutations in TP53 and POLE. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Method and apparatus for assembling a permanent magnet pole assembly

DOEpatents

Carl, Jr., Ralph James; Bagepalli, Bharat Sampathkumaran [Niskayuna, NY; Jansen, Patrick Lee [Scotia, NY; Dawson, Richard Nils [Voorheesville, NY; Qu, Ronghai [Clifton Park, NY; Avanesov, Mikhail Avramovich [Moscow, RU

2009-08-11

A pole assembly for a rotor, the pole assembly includes a permanent magnet pole including at least one permanent magnet block, a plurality of laminations including a pole cap mechanically coupled to the pole, and a plurality of laminations including a base plate mechanically coupled to the pole.

Embryonic expression of festina lente (fel), a novel maternal gene, in the oligochaete annelid Tubifex tubifex.

PubMed

Nakamura, Takuma; Shiomi, Inori; Shimizu, Takashi

2017-11-01

We have cloned and characterized the expression of a novel maternal gene festina lente (designated Ttu-fel) from the clitellate annelid Tubifex tubifex. Northern blot analyses have shown that Ttu-fel mRNA is approximately 8 kbp in length and that its expression is restricted to oocytes undergoing maturation division and early embryos up to 22-cell stage. Maternal transcripts of Ttu-fel are first detected in oocytes in the ovary of young adults (ca. 40 days after hatching); its expression continues in growing oocytes in the ovisac. Ttu-fel mRNA is distributed broadly throughout the egg undergoing maturation divisions. During the process of ooplasmic segregation that results in the pole plasm formation, Ttu-fel mRNA becomes concentrated to the animal and vegetal poles. The RNA in the animal hemisphere is distributed in a gradient with highest concentration in the cortical region. During the first two cleavages, Ttu-fel mRNA is segregated to CD cell then to D cell; it is subsequently inherited by the three D quadtrant micromeres, 1d, 2d and 3d. Around the time of transition to 22-cell stage, Ttu-fel mRNA becomes undetectable throughout the embryo. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Exact e-e (exchange) correlations of 2-D quantum dots in magnetic field: Size extensive N = 3 , 4 , … , ‧ n ‧ -electron systems via multi-pole expansion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aggarwal, Priyanka; Sharma, Shivalika; Singh, Sunny; Kaur, Harsimran; Hazra, Ram Kuntal

2017-04-01

Inclusion of coulomb interaction emerges with the complexity of either convergence of integrals or separation of variables of Schrödinger equations. For an N-electron system, interaction terms grow by N(N-1)/2 factors. Therefore, 2-e system stands as fundamental basic unit for generalized N-e systems. For the first time, we have evaluated e-e correlations in very simple and absolutely terminating finite summed hypergeometric series for 2-D double carrier parabolic quantum dot in both zero and arbitrary non-zero magnetic field (symmetric gauge) and have appraised these integrals in variational methods. The competitive role among confinement strength, magnetic field, mass of the carrier and dielectric constant of the medium on energy level diagram, level-spacing statistics, heat capacities (Cv at 1 K) and magnetization (T ∼ (0-1)K) is studied on systems spanning over wide range of materials (GaAs,Ge,CdS,SiO2 and He, etc). We have also constructed an exact theory for generalized correlated N-e 2-D quantum dots via multi-pole expansion but for the sake of compactness of the article we refrain from data.

Clementine High Resolution Camera Mosaicking Project. Volume 21; CL 6021; 80 deg S to 90 deg S Latitude, North Periapsis; 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Malin, Michael; Revine, Michael; Boyce, Joseph M. (Technical Monitor)

1998-01-01

This compact disk (CD) is part of the Clementine I high resolution (HiRes) camera lunar image mosaics developed by Malin Space Science Systems (MSSS). These mosaics were developed through calibration and semi-automated registration against the recently released geometrically and photometrically controlled Ultraviolet/Visible (UV/Vis) Basemap Mosaic, which is available through the PDS, as CD-ROM volumes CL_3001-3015. The HiRes mosaics are compiled from non-uniformity corrected, 750 nanometer ("D") filter high resolution observations from the HiRes imaging system onboard the Clementine Spacecraft. The geometric control is provided by the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) Clementine Basemap Mosaic compiled from the 750 nm Ultraviolet/Visible Clementine imaging system. Calibration was achieved by removing the image nonuniformity largely caused by the HiRes system's light intensifier. Also provided are offset and scale factors, achieved by a fit of the HiRes data to the corresponding photometrically calibrated UV/Vis basemap that approximately transform the 8-bit HiRes data to photometric units. The mosaics on this CD are compiled from polar data (latitudes greater than 80 degrees), and are presented in the stereographic projection at a scale of 30 m/pixel at the pole, a resolution 5 times greater than that (150 m/pixel) of the corresponding UV/Vis polar basemap. This 5:1 scale ratio is in keeping with the sub-polar mosaic, in which the HiRes and UV/Vis mosaics had scales of 20 m/pixel and 100 m/pixel, respectively. The equal-area property of the stereographic projection made this preferable for the HiRes polar mosaic rather than the basemap's orthographic projection. Thus, a necessary first step in constructing the mosaic was the reprojection of the UV/Vis basemap to the stereographic projection. The HiRes polar data can be naturally grouped according to the orbital periapsis, which was in the south during the first half of the mapping mission and in the north during the second half. Images in each group have generally uniform intrinsic resolution, illumination, exposure and gain. Rather than mingle data from the two periapsis epochs, separate mosaics are provided for each, a total of 4 polar mosaics. The mosaics are divided into 100 square tiles of 2250 pixels (approximately 2.2 deg near the pole) on a side. Not all squares of this grid contain HiRes mosaic data, some inevitably since a square is not a perfect representation of a (latitude) circle, others due to the lack of HiRes data. This CD also contains ancillary data files that support the HiRes mosaic. These files include browse images with UV/Vis context stored in a Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) format, index files ('imgindx.tab' and 'srcindx.tab') that tabulate the contents of the CD, and documentation files. For more information on the contents and organization of the CD volume set refer to the "FILES, DIRECTORIES AND DISK CONTENTS" section of this document. The image files are organized according to NASA's Planetary Data System (PDS) standards. An image file (tile) is organized as a PDS labeled file containing an "image object".

A Conventional Mean Pole

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stamatakos, N. G.; McCarthy, D. D.

2016-12-01

A CONVENTIONAL MEAN POLE PATH The gradual drift of the pole associated with the rotational axis of the Earth in a terrestrial reference frame is characterized by the motion of a "mean pole." The IERS Conventions (2010) does not provide a formal definition of such a "mean pole." In its glossary it defines the terminology "mean pole" in the celestial frame by using the definition "the position on the celestial sphere towards which the Earth's axis points at a particular epoch, with the oscillations due to precession-nutation removed." The need for a terrestrial mean pole is mentioned in Section 7.1.4 of the IERS Conventions, which outlines the procedure to account for the variation in terrestrial site coordinates caused by the pole tide. It states, that an estimate of the wander of the mean pole to within about 10 milliarc-seconds is needed to ensure that the geopotential field is aligned to the long term mean pole. Historically the angular coordinates of this "mean pole" were calculated by averaging the observed angular coordinates of the rotational pole over six years, the beat period of the annual and approximately 14-month Chandler motions of the rotational pole. The IERS Conventions (2010) realization of the mean pole is composed of a cubic fit of the polar coordinates valid over 1976-2010 and a linear model for extrapolation after 2010.0. Further it notes that in the future, the IERS conventional mean pole will be revised as needed with sufficient advance notice. However, this document leaves open the formal definition of a conventional terrestrial mean pole, the spectral frequency content to be expected in such a definition and a procedure to be used to realize the coordinates of the path for users. Background is provided regarding past realizations of a "mean pole," and the requirements for a realization of a mean pole path are reviewed. Possible definitions and potential mathematical models to provide mean pole coordinates in the future are outlined. In addition, the authors hope that this poster will serve to open a discussion, which will identify geodesy disciplines that require a mean pole and what type of definition would be suitable to their needs.

Orbiter escape pole

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Goodrich, Winston D. (Inventor); Wesselski, Clarence J. (Inventor); Pelischek, Timothy E. (Inventor); Becker, Bruce H. (Inventor); Kahn, Jon B. (Inventor); Grimaldi, Margaret E. (Inventor); McManamen, John P. (Inventor); Castro, Edgar O. (Inventor)

1989-01-01

A Shuttle type of aircraft (10) with an escape hatch (12) has an arcuately shaped pole housing (16) attachable to an interior wall and ceiling with its open end adjacent to the escape hatch. The pole housing 16 contains a telescopically arranged and arcuately shaped primary pole member (22) and extension pole member (23) which are guided by roller assemblies (30,35). The extension pole member (23) is slidable and extendable relative to the primary pole member (22). For actuation, a spring actuated system includes a spring (52) in the pole housing. A locking member (90) engages both pole members (22,23) through notch portions (85,86) in the pole members. The locking member selectively releases the extension pole member (23) and the primary pole member (22). An internal one-way clutch or anti-return mechanism prevents retraction of the extension pole member from an extended position. Shock absorbers (54)(150,152) are for absoring the energy of the springs. A manual backup deployment system is provided which includes a canted ring (104) biased by a spring member (108). A lever member (100) with a slot and pin connection (102) permits the mechanical manipulation of the canted ring to move the primary pole member. The ring (104) also prevents retraction of the main pole. The crew escape mechanism includes a magazine (60) and a number of lanyards (62), each lanyard being mounted by a roller loop (68) over the primary pole member (22). The strap on the roller loop has stitching for controlled release, a protection sheath (74) to prevent tangling and a hook member (69) for attachment to a crew harness.

47 CFR 1.1404 - Complaint.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... default rate of return; (xi) The average amount of usable space per pole for those poles used for pole... unusable space per pole for those poles used for pole attachments (a 24 foot presumption may be used in...) The number of ducts in the conduit subject to the complaint; (vi) The number of inner-ducts in the...

47 CFR 1.1404 - Complaint.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... default rate of return; (xi) The average amount of usable space per pole for those poles used for pole... unusable space per pole for those poles used for pole attachments (a 24 foot presumption may be used in...) The number of ducts in the conduit subject to the complaint; (vi) The number of inner-ducts in the...

47 CFR 1.1404 - Complaint.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... default rate of return; (xi) The average amount of usable space per pole for those poles used for pole... unusable space per pole for those poles used for pole attachments (a 24 foot presumption may be used in...) The number of ducts in the conduit subject to the complaint; (vi) The number of inner-ducts in the...

Taper of wood poles

Treesearch

Billy Bohannan; Hermann Habermann; Joan E. Lengel

1974-01-01

Round wood pole use has changed without accompanying advancement in engineering design data. Previous pole design was based on the assumption that maximum stress occurred at the groundline but, with the larger poles that are now being used, maximum stress may occur along the pole length. For accurate engineering analysis the shape or taper of a pole must be known. Both...

Magnet pole tips

DOEpatents

Thorn, Craig E.; Chasman, Chellis; Baltz, Anthony J.

1984-04-24

An improved magnet which more easily provides a radially increasing magnetic field, as well as reduced fringe field and requires less power for a given field intensity. The subject invention comprises a pair of spaced, opposed magnetic poles which further comprise a pair of pole roots, each having a pole tip attached to its center. The pole tips define the gap between the magnetic poles and at least a portion of each pole tip is separated from its associated pole root. The separation begins at a predetermined distance from the center of the pole root and increases with increasing radial distance while being constant with azimuth within that portion. Magnets in accordance with the subject invention have been found to be particularly advantageous for use in large isochronous cyclotrons.

Magnet pole tips

DOEpatents

Thorn, C.E.; Chasman, C.; Baltz, A.J.

1981-11-19

An improved magnet more easily provides a radially increasing magnetic field, as well as reduced fringe field and requires less power for a given field intensity. The subject invention comprises a pair of spaced, opposed magnetic poles which further comprise a pair of pole roots, each having a pole tip attached to its center. The pole tips define the gap between the magnetic poles and at least a portion of each pole tip is separated from its associated pole root. The separation begins at a predetermined distance from the center of the pole root and increases with increasing radial distance while being constant with azimuth within that portion. Magnets in accordance with the subject invention have been found to be particularly advantageous for use in large isochronous cyclotrons.

Self Assembly and Pyroelectric Poling for Organics

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-07-06

ozone or nitrogen oxides) and energetic species from corona discharge . These problems can strongly inhibit the efficient poling and large-scale...poling techniques. Although contact and corona poling protocols are quite well established for decades, there do exist some challenging problems. In...contact poling, severe charge injection from metal electrodes often results in large current that causes dielectric breakdown of films. Corona poling

Decay resistance of out-of-service utility poles as related to the distribution of residual creosote content

Treesearch

Han Roliadi; Chung Y. Hse; Elvin T. Choong; Todd F. Shupe

2000-01-01

Decay resistance of out-of-service poles was investigated to evaluate their effectiveness against biodegradation for possible recycling of these poles for composite products. Decay resistance was related to creosote content and creosote distribution in poles with service durations of 5 and 25 years and also freshly treated poles. Weathering of the poles had caused...

Adaptor Protein Complex 2 (AP-2) Mediated, Clathrin Dependent Endocytosis, And Related Gene Activities, Are A Prominent Feature During Maturation Stage Amelogenesis

PubMed Central

LACRUZ, Rodrigo S.; BROOKES, Steven J.; WEN, Xin; JIMENEZ, Jaime M.; VIKMAN, Susanna; HU, Ping; WHITE, Shane N.; LYNGSTADAAS, S. Petter; OKAMOTO, Curtis T.; SMITH, Charles E.; PAINE, Michael L.

2012-01-01

Molecular events defining enamel matrix removal during amelogenesis are poorly understood. Early reports have suggested that adaptor proteins (AP) participate in ameloblast-mediated endocytosis. Enamel formation involves the secretory and maturation stages, with an increase in resorptive function during the latter. Here, using real time PCR, we show that the expression of clathrin and adaptor protein subunits are up-regulated in maturation stage rodent enamel organ cells. AP-2 is the most up-regulated of the four distinct adaptor protein complexes. Immunolocalization confirms the presence of AP-2 and clathrin in ameloblasts with strongest reactivity at the apical pole. These data suggest that the resorptive functions of enamel cells involve AP-2 mediated, clathrin dependent endocytosis, thus implying the likelihood of a specific membrane-bound receptor(s) of enamel matrix protein debris. The mRNA expression of other endocytosis-related gene products is also up-regulated during maturation including: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (Lamp1), cluster of differentiation 63 and 68 (Cd63 and Cd68), ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal V0 subunit D2 (Atp6v0d2), ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal V1 subunit B2 (Atp6v1b2), chloride channel, voltage-sensitive 7 (Clcn7) and cathepsin K (Ctsk). Immunohistological data confirms the expression of a number of these proteins in maturation stage ameloblasts. The enamel of Cd63-null mice was also examined. Despite increased mRNA and protein expression in the enamel organ during maturation, the enamel of Cd63-null mice appeared normal. This may suggest inherent functional redundancies between Cd63 and related gene products, such as Lamp1 and Cd68. Ameloblast-like LS8 cells treated with the enamel matrix protein complex Emdogain® showed up-regulation of AP-2 and clathrin subunits, further supporting the existence of a membrane-bound receptor regulated pathway for the endocytosis of enamel matrix proteins. These data together define an endocytotic pathway likely used by ameloblasts to remove the enamel matrix during enamel maturation. PMID:23044750

Adaptor protein complex 2-mediated, clathrin-dependent endocytosis, and related gene activities, are a prominent feature during maturation stage amelogenesis.

PubMed

Lacruz, Rodrigo S; Brookes, Steven J; Wen, Xin; Jimenez, Jaime M; Vikman, Susanna; Hu, Ping; White, Shane N; Lyngstadaas, S Petter; Okamoto, Curtis T; Smith, Charles E; Paine, Michael L

2013-03-01

Molecular events defining enamel matrix removal during amelogenesis are poorly understood. Early reports have suggested that adaptor proteins (AP) participate in ameloblast-mediated endocytosis. Enamel formation involves the secretory and maturation stages, with an increase in resorptive function during the latter. Here, using real-time PCR, we show that the expression of clathrin and adaptor protein subunits are upregulated in maturation stage rodent enamel organ cells. AP complex 2 (AP-2) is the most upregulated of the four distinct adaptor protein complexes. Immunolocalization confirms the presence of AP-2 and clathrin in ameloblasts, with strongest reactivity at the apical pole. These data suggest that the resorptive functions of enamel cells involve AP-2 mediated, clathrin-dependent endocytosis, thus implying the likelihood of specific membrane-bound receptor(s) of enamel matrix protein debris. The mRNA expression of other endocytosis-related gene products is also upregulated during maturation including: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (Lamp1); cluster of differentiation 63 and 68 (Cd63 and Cd68); ATPase, H(+) transporting, lysosomal V0 subunit D2 (Atp6v0d2); ATPase, H(+) transporting, lysosomal V1 subunit B2 (Atp6v1b2); chloride channel, voltage-sensitive 7 (Clcn7); and cathepsin K (Ctsk). Immunohistologic data confirms the expression of a number of these proteins in maturation stage ameloblasts. The enamel of Cd63-null mice was also examined. Despite increased mRNA and protein expression in the enamel organ during maturation, the enamel of Cd63-null mice appeared normal. This may suggest inherent functional redundancies between Cd63 and related gene products, such as Lamp1 and Cd68. Ameloblast-like LS8 cells treated with the enamel matrix protein complex Emdogain showed upregulation of AP-2 and clathrin subunits, further supporting the existence of a membrane-bound receptor-regulated pathway for the endocytosis of enamel matrix proteins. These data together define an endocytotic pathway likely used by ameloblasts to remove the enamel matrix during enamel maturation. Copyright © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Single phase two pole/six pole motor

DOEpatents

Kirschbaum, Herbert S.

1984-01-01

A single phase alternating current two pole/six pole motor is provided with a main stator winding having six coils disposed unequally around the periphery of the machine. These coils are divided into two groups. When these groups are connected such that their magnetomotive forces are additive, two pole motor operation results. When the polarity of one of the groups is then reversed, six pole motor operation results. An auxiliary stator winding which is similar to the main stator winding is displaced from the main stator winding by 90 electrical degrees on a two pole basis.

Pole pulling apparatus and method

DOEpatents

McIntire, Gary L.

1989-01-01

An apparatus for removal of embedded utility-type poles which removes the poles quickly and efficiently from their embedded position without damage to the pole or surrounding structures. The apparatus includes at least 2 piston/cylinder members equally spaced about the pole, and a head member affixed to the top of each piston. Elongation of the piston induces rotation of the head into the pole to increase the gripping action and reduce slippage. Repeated actuation and retraction of the piston and head member will "jack" the pole from its embedded position.

Unique ζ-chain motifs mediate a direct TCR-actin linkage critical for immunological synapse formation and T-cell activation.

PubMed

Klieger, Yair; Almogi-Hazan, Osnat; Ish-Shalom, Eliran; Pato, Aviad; Pauker, Maor H; Barda-Saad, Mira; Wang, Lynn; Baniyash, Michal

2014-01-01

TCR-mediated activation induces receptor microclusters that evolve to a defined immune synapse (IS). Many studies showed that actin polymerization and remodeling, which create a scaffold critical to IS formation and stabilization, are TCR mediated. However, the mechanisms controlling simultaneous TCR and actin dynamic rearrangement in the IS are yet not fully understood. Herein, we identify two novel TCR ζ-chain motifs, mediating the TCR's direct interaction with actin and inducing actin bundling. While T cells expressing the ζ-chain mutated in these motifs lack cytoskeleton (actin) associated (cska)-TCRs, they express normal levels of non-cska and surface TCRs as cells expressing wild-type ζ-chain. However, such mutant cells are unable to display activation-dependent TCR clustering, IS formation, expression of CD25/CD69 activation markers, or produce/secrete cytokine, effects also seen in the corresponding APCs. We are the first to show a direct TCR-actin linkage, providing the missing gap linking between TCR-mediated Ag recognition, specific cytoskeleton orientation toward the T-cell-APC interacting pole and long-lived IS maintenance. © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

A 13-year-old female with Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma; the first case diagnosed at Siriraj Hospital.

PubMed

Hanamornroongruang, Suchanan; Treetipsatit, Jitsupa; Pongtanakul, Bunchoo; Seangchai, Napakorn

2012-07-01

Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinomas are rare tumors characterized by translocations involving chromosome Xp11.2. These tumors are predominantly reported in pediatric patients. The authors report Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma in a 13-year-old girl who presented with asymptomatic palpable right renal mass. Right radical nephrectomy was performed and revealed a well-defined solid mass at the lower pole of the kidney. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of sheets and nests of clear to pale eosinophilic cells with some alveolar growth pattern. Psammoma bodies were detected. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells marked with TFE3, focally marked with smooth muscle actin, HMB-45, CD68, progesterone receptor (PR) and CD10 but did not mark with epithelial markers (AE1/AE3, EMA and CAM5.2), vimentin, S-100 and p53. The presence of psammoma bodies is an important diagnostic clue for these tumors. Cytogenetic study and/or immunohistochemistry for TFE3 protein are needed for confirming the diagnosis. Currently, surgery seems to be the most effective therapy Pediatric patients with these tumors are believed to have a favorable prognosis.

Use of geometric properties of landmark arrays for reorientation relative to remote cities and local objects.

PubMed

Mou, Weimin; Nankoo, Jean-François; Zhou, Ruojing; Spetch, Marcia L

2014-03-01

Five experiments investigated how human adults use landmark arrays in the immediate environment to reorient relative to the local environment and relative to remote cities. Participants learned targets' directions with the presence of a proximal 4 poles forming a rectangular shape and an array of more distal poles forming a rectangular shape. Then participants were disoriented and pointed to targets with the presence of the proximal poles or the distal poles. Participants' orientation was estimated by the mean of their pointing error across targets. The targets could be 7 objects in the immediate local environment in which the poles were located or 7 cities around Edmonton (Alberta, Canada) where the experiments occurred. The directions of the 7 cities could be learned from reading a map first and then from pointing to the cities when the poles were presented. The directions of the 7 cities could also be learned from viewing labels of cities moving back and forth in the specific direction in the immediate local environment in which the poles were located. The shape of the array of the distal poles varied in salience by changing the number of poles on each edge of the rectangle (2 vs. 34). The results showed that participants regained their orientation relative to local objects using the distal poles with 2 poles on each edge; participants could not reorient relative to cities using the distal pole array with 2 poles on each edge but could reorient relative to cities using the distal pole array with 34 poles on each edge. These results indicate that use of cues in reorientation depends not only on the cue salience but also on which environment people need to reorient to.

Permanent magnet machine and method with reluctance poles and non-identical PM poles for high density operation

DOEpatents

Hsu, John S.

2010-05-18

A method and apparatus in which a stator (11) and a rotor (12) define a primary air gap (20) for receiving AC flux and at least one source (23, 40), and preferably two sources (23, 24, 40) of DC excitation are positioned for inducing DC flux at opposite ends of the rotor (12). Portions of PM material (17, 17a) are provided as boundaries separating PM rotor pole portions from each other and from reluctance poles. The PM poles (18) and the reluctance poles (19) can be formed with poles of one polarity having enlarged flux paths in relation to flux paths for pole portions of an opposite polarity, the enlarged flux paths communicating with a core of the rotor (12) so as to increase reluctance torque produced by the electric machine. Reluctance torque is increased by providing asymmetrical pole faces. The DC excitation can also use asymmetric poles and asymmetric excitation sources. Several embodiments are disclosed with additional variations.

Single phase two pole/six pole motor

DOEpatents

Kirschbaum, H.S.

1984-09-25

A single phase alternating current two pole/six pole motor is provided with a main stator winding having six coils disposed unequally around the periphery of the machine. These coils are divided into two groups. When these groups are connected such that their magnetomotive forces are additive, two pole motor operation results. When the polarity of one of the groups is then reversed, six pole motor operation results. An auxiliary stator winding which is similar to the main stator winding is displaced from the main stator winding by 90 electrical degrees on a two pole basis. 12 figs.

Detection and Classification of Pole-Like Objects from Mobile Mapping Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fukano, K.; Masuda, H.

2015-08-01

Laser scanners on a vehicle-based mobile mapping system can capture 3D point-clouds of roads and roadside objects. Since roadside objects have to be maintained periodically, their 3D models are useful for planning maintenance tasks. In our previous work, we proposed a method for detecting cylindrical poles and planar plates in a point-cloud. However, it is often required to further classify pole-like objects into utility poles, streetlights, traffic signals and signs, which are managed by different organizations. In addition, our previous method may fail to extract low pole-like objects, which are often observed in urban residential areas. In this paper, we propose new methods for extracting and classifying pole-like objects. In our method, we robustly extract a wide variety of poles by converting point-clouds into wireframe models and calculating cross-sections between wireframe models and horizontal cutting planes. For classifying pole-like objects, we subdivide a pole-like object into five subsets by extracting poles and planes, and calculate feature values of each subset. Then we apply a supervised machine learning method using feature variables of subsets. In our experiments, our method could achieve excellent results for detection and classification of pole-like objects.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Anthony, R.W.; Bodig, J.; Phillips, G.E.

This report describes the development of a nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methodology for assessing the bending strength of new wood utility poles. Fundamental concepts of stress wave propagation are presented. The development of a longitudinal stress wave methodology for predicting pole strength and the results of destructive tests on full-size poles are described. Mathematical correlations between stress wave parameters, geometric characteristics, and individual pole bending strengths form the basis of strength prediction models for western redcedar, Douglas-fir and southern pine poles. Models were developed for NDE in the whitewood stage and after preservative treatment of poles. For each species the twomore » most commonly used preservative types were evaluated. Excellent correlations were obtained for western redcedar and Douglas-fir poles, but high moisture content in the southern pine poles resulted in lower prediction accuracies for this species. Verification of the developed mathematical models demonstrates that improvement in classifying poles into the ANSI 05.1 tip-load capacities is technically feasible. The development and field trial of the prototype equipment for strength grading of new poles is also described. Research results can be used to benefit utilities by enabling the supply of strength graded poles with a higher accuracy than previously possible.« less

Formation of a Bright Polar Hood over the Summer North Pole of Saturn in 2016

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sayanagi, Kunio M.; Blalock, John J.; Ingersoll, Andrew P.; Dyudina, Ulyana A.; Ewald, Shawn P.

2016-10-01

We report that a bright polar hood has formed over the north pole of Saturn, seen first in images captured by the Cassini ISS camera in 2016. When the north pole was observed during the previous period of Cassini spacecraft's high-inclination orbits in 2012-2013, the concentration of light-scattering aerosols within 2-degree latitude of the north pole appeared to be less than that of the surrounding region, and appeared as a dark hole in all ISS filters, in particular in the shorter wavelength filters BL1 (460 nm), and VIO (420 nm). The north pole's appearance in 2012 was in contrast to that of the south pole in 2007, when the south pole had a bright polar hood in those short wavelengths; the south pole appeared dark in all other ISS filters in 2007. The difference between the south pole in 2007 and the north pole in 2012 was interpreted to be seasonal; in 2007, Saturn was approaching the equinox of 2009 and the south pole had been continuously illuminated since the previous equinox in 1995. In 2012, the north pole had been illuminated for only ~3 years after the long winter polar night. The bright hood over the summer south pole in 2007 was hypothesized to consist of aerosols produced by ultraviolet photodissociation of hydrocarbon molecules. Fletcher et al (2015) predicted that a similar bright hood should form over the north pole as Saturn approaches the 2017 solstice. In 2016, the Cassini spacecraft raised its orbital inclination again in preparation for its Grande Finale phase of the mission, from where it has a good view of the north pole. New images captured in 2016 show that the north pole has developed a bright polar hood. We present new images of the north polar region captured in 2016 that show the north pole, and other seasonally evolving high-latitude features including the northern hexagon. Our research has been supported by the Cassini Project, NASA grants OPR NNX11AM45G, CDAPS NNX15AD33G PATM NNX14AK07G, and NSF grant AAG 1212216.

X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) Characterization Methods for Sigma=3 Twin Defects in Cubic Semiconductor (100) Wafers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Park, Yeonjoon (Inventor); Kim, Hyun Jung (Inventor); Skuza, Jonathan R. (Inventor); Lee, Kunik (Inventor); Choi, Sang Hyouk (Inventor); King, Glen C. (Inventor)

2017-01-01

An X-ray defraction (XRD) characterization method for sigma=3 twin defects in cubic semiconductor (100) wafers includes a concentration measurement method and a wafer mapping method for any cubic tetrahedral semiconductor wafers including GaAs (100) wafers and Si (100) wafers. The methods use the cubic semiconductor's (004) pole figure in order to detect sigma=3/{111} twin defects. The XRD methods are applicable to any (100) wafers of tetrahedral cubic semiconductors in the diamond structure (Si, Ge, C) and cubic zinc-blend structure (InP, InGaAs, CdTe, ZnSe, and so on) with various growth methods such as Liquid Encapsulated Czochralski (LEC) growth, Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE), Organometallic Vapor Phase Epitaxy (OMVPE), Czochralski growth and Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) growth.

Progressive outer retinal necrosis-like retinitis in immunocompetent hosts.

PubMed

Chawla, Rohan; Tripathy, Koushik; Gogia, Varun; Venkatesh, Pradeep

2016-08-10

We describe two young immunocompetent women presenting with bilateral retinitis with outer retinal necrosis involving posterior pole with centrifugal spread and multifocal lesions simulating progressive outer retinal necrosis (PORN) like retinitis. Serology was negative for HIV and CD4 counts were normal; however, both women were on oral steroids at presentation for suspected autoimmune chorioretinitis. The retinitis in both eyes responded well to oral valaciclovir therapy. However, the eye with the more fulminant involvement developed retinal detachment with a loss of vision. Retinal atrophy was seen in the less involved eye with preservation of vision. Through these cases, we aim to describe a unique evolution of PORN-like retinitis in immunocompetent women, which was probably aggravated by a short-term immunosuppression secondary to oral steroids. 2016 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.

Shock wave lithotripsy outcomes for lower pole and non-lower pole stones from a university teaching hospital: Parallel group comparison during the same time period

PubMed Central

Geraghty, Robert; Burr, Jacob; Simmonds, Nick; Somani, Bhaskar K.

2015-01-01

Introduction: Shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is a treatment option for all locations of renal and ureteric stones. We compared the results of SWL for lower pole renal stones with all other non-lower pole renal and ureteric stones during the same time period. Material and Methods: All SWL procedures were carried out as day case procedures by a mobile lithotripter from January 2012 to August 2013. The follow-up imaging was a combination of KUB X-ray or USS. Following SWL treatment, the stone free rate (SFR) was defined as ≤3 mm fragments. Results: A total of 148 patients with a mean age of 62 years underwent 201 procedures. Of the 201 procedures, 93 (46%) were for lower pole stones. The non-lower pole stones included upper pole (n = 36), mid pole (n = 40), renal pelvis (n = 10), PUJ (n = 8), mid ureter (n = 3), upper ureter (n = 5) and a combination of upper, middle and/or lower pole (n = 6). The mean stone size for lower pole stones (7.4 mm; range: 4-16 mm) was slightly smaller than non-lower pole stones (8 mm; range: 4-17 mm). The stone fragmentation was successful in 124 (62%) of patients. However, the SFR was statistically significantly better (P = 0.023) for non-lower pole stones 43 (40%) compared to lower pole stones 23 (25%). There were 9 (4%) minor complications and this was not significantly different in the two groups. Conclusions: Although SWL achieves a moderately high stone fragmentation rate with a low complication rate, the SFR is variable depending on the location of stone and the definition of SFR, with lower pole stones fairing significantly worse than stones in all other locations. PMID:25657543

Shock wave lithotripsy outcomes for lower pole and non-lower pole stones from a university teaching hospital: Parallel group comparison during the same time period.

PubMed

Geraghty, Robert; Burr, Jacob; Simmonds, Nick; Somani, Bhaskar K

2015-01-01

Shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is a treatment option for all locations of renal and ureteric stones. We compared the results of SWL for lower pole renal stones with all other non-lower pole renal and ureteric stones during the same time period. All SWL procedures were carried out as day case procedures by a mobile lithotripter from January 2012 to August 2013. The follow-up imaging was a combination of KUB X-ray or USS. Following SWL treatment, the stone free rate (SFR) was defined as ≤3 mm fragments. A total of 148 patients with a mean age of 62 years underwent 201 procedures. Of the 201 procedures, 93 (46%) were for lower pole stones. The non-lower pole stones included upper pole (n = 36), mid pole (n = 40), renal pelvis (n = 10), PUJ (n = 8), mid ureter (n = 3), upper ureter (n = 5) and a combination of upper, middle and/or lower pole (n = 6). The mean stone size for lower pole stones (7.4 mm; range: 4-16 mm) was slightly smaller than non-lower pole stones (8 mm; range: 4-17 mm). The stone fragmentation was successful in 124 (62%) of patients. However, the SFR was statistically significantly better (P = 0.023) for non-lower pole stones 43 (40%) compared to lower pole stones 23 (25%). There were 9 (4%) minor complications and this was not significantly different in the two groups. Although SWL achieves a moderately high stone fragmentation rate with a low complication rate, the SFR is variable depending on the location of stone and the definition of SFR, with lower pole stones fairing significantly worse than stones in all other locations.

The potential of wood-based composite poles

Treesearch

Todd F. Shupe; Cheng Piao; Chung Y. Hse

2009-01-01

Wood-based composite utility poles are receiving increasing attention in the North American pole market. This interest is being driven by many increasing factors such as increasing: (1) disposal costs of solid wood poles, (2) liability and environmental concerns with traditional means of disposal of solid wood poles, (3) cost and concerns of long-term...

Low-pass filtering of noisy Schlumberger sounding curves. Part I: Theory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Patella, D.

1986-02-01

A contribution is given to the solution of the problem of filtering noise-degraded Schlumberger sounding curves. It is shown that the transformation to the pole-pole system is actually a smoothing operation that filters high-frequency noise. In the case of residual noise contamination in the transformed pole-pole curve, it is demonstrated that a subsequent application of a conventional rectangular low-pass filter, with cut-off frequency not less than the right-hand frequency limit of the main message pass-band, may satisfactorily solve the problem by leaving a pole-pole curve available for interpretation. An attempt is also made to understand the essential peculiarities of themore » pole-pole system as far as penetration depth, resolving power and selectivity power are concerned.« less

Control of speed during the double poling technique performed by elite cross-country skiers.

PubMed

Lindinger, Stefan Josef; Stöggl, Thomas; Müller, Erich; Holmberg, Hans-Christer

2009-01-01

Double poling (DP) as a main technique in cross-country skiing has developed substantially over the last 15 yr. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the question, "How do modern elite skiers control DP speed?" Twelve male elite cross-country skiers roller skied using DP at 9, 15, 21, and 27 km.h(-1) and maximum velocity (V(max)). Cycle characteristics, pole and plantar forces, and elbow, hip, and knee joint angles were analyzed. Both poling frequency and cycle length increased up to 27 km.h (-1)(P < 0.05), with a further increase in poling frequency at V(max) (P < 0.05). Peak pole force, rate of force development, and rearfoot plantar force increased with submaximal velocities (V(sm)), whereas poling time and time-to-peak pole force gradually shortened (P < 0.05). Changes in elbow joint kinematics during the poling phase were characterized by a decreased angle minimum and an increased flexion and extension ranges of motion as well as angular velocities across V(sm) (P < 0.05), with no further changes at V(max). Hip and knee joint kinematics adapted across V(sm) by 1) decreasing angles at pole plant and angle minima during the poling phase, 2) increasing the ranges of motion and angular velocities during the flexion phases occurring around pole plant, and 3) increasing extension ranges of motion and angular velocities during the recovery phase (all P values <0.05), with no further changes at V(max). Elite skiers control DP speed by increasing both poling frequency and cycle length; the latter is achieved by increased pole force despite reduced poling time. Adaptation to higher speeds was assisted by an increased range of motion, smaller angle minima, and higher angular velocities in the elbow, the hip, and the knee joints.

Effect of materials and manufacturing on the bending stiffness of vaulting poles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davis, C. L.; Kukureka, S. N.

2012-09-01

The increase in the world record height achieved in pole vaulting can be related to the improved ability of the athletes, in terms of their fitness and technique, and to the change in materials used to construct the pole. For example in 1960 there was a change in vaulting pole construction from bamboo to glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites. The lighter GFRP pole enabled the athletes to have a faster run-up, resulting in a greater take-off speed, giving them more kinetic energy to convert into potential energy and hence height. GFRP poles also have a much higher failure stress than bamboo, so the poles were engineered to bend under the load of the athlete, thereby storing elastic strain energy that can be released as the pole straightens, resulting in greater energy efficiency. The bending also allowed athletes to change their vaulting technique from a style that involved the body remaining almost upright during the vault to one where the athlete goes over the bar with their feet upwards. Modern vaulting poles can be made from GFRP and/or carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. The addition of carbon fibres maintains the mechanical properties of the pole, but allows a reduction in the weight. The number and arrangement of the fibres determines the mechanical properties, in particular the bending stiffness. Vaulting poles are also designed for an individual athlete to take into account each athlete’s ability and physical characteristics. The poles are rated by ‘weight’ to allow athletes to select an appropriate pole for their ability. This paper will review the development of vaulting poles and the requirements to maximize performance. The properties (bending stiffness and pre-bend) and microstructure (fibre volume fraction and lay-up) of typical vaulting poles will be discussed. Originally published as Davis C L and Kukureka S N (2004) Effect of materials and manufacturing on the bending stiffness of vaulting poles The Engineering of Sport 5 ed M Hubbard, R D Mehta and J M Pallis (Sheffield: ISEA). Republished here with permission from ISEA.

Sectional Pole for Measuring Tree Heights

Treesearch

R. H. Brendemuehl; James B. Baker

1965-01-01

A sectional aluminum pole designed by the Silviculture Laboratory at Marianna, Florida, has proved useful for measuring tree heights. It is more convenient than a sectional bamboo pole 1 or a telescoping fiberglass pole. A tree 5 to 30 feet in height can be measured to the nearest tenth of a foot in 30 seconds. The pole is constructed of low-cost, readily available...

77 FR 67270 - Revising the Exemption for Digger Derricks in the Cranes and Derricks in Construction Standard

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-09

... also involved placing a pole in the hole and attaching transformers and other items to the pole... industries, including placing utility poles in the ground and attaching transformers and other equipment to...- mount transformers on the ground as part of the same power system as the poles. While the pole work is...

Mechanical properties of small-scale wood laminated composite poles

Treesearch

Cheng Piao; Todd F. Shupe; Chung Y. Hse

2004-01-01

Power companies in the United States consume millions of solid wood poles every year. These poles are from high-valued trees that are becoming more expensive and less available. wood laminated composite poles (LCP) are a novel alternative to solid wood poles. LCP consists of trapezoid wood strips that are bonded by a synthetic resin. The wood strips can be made from...

Shadow poles in coupled-channel problems calculated with the Berggren basis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Id Betan, R. M.; Kruppa, A. T.; Vertse, T.

2018-02-01

Background: In coupled-channels models the poles of the scattering S matrix are located on different Riemann sheets. Physical observables are affected mainly by poles closest to the physical region but sometimes shadow poles have considerable effect too. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to show that in coupled-channels problems all poles of the S matrix can be located by an expansion in terms of a properly constructed complex-energy basis. Method: The Berggren basis is used for expanding the coupled-channels solutions. Results: The locations of the poles of the S matrix for the Cox potential, constructed for coupled-channels problems, were numerically calculated and compared with the exact ones. In a nuclear physics application the Jπ=3 /2+ resonant poles of 5He were calculated in a phenomenological two-channel model. The properties of both the normal and shadow resonances agree with previous findings. Conclusions: We have shown that, with an appropriately chosen Berggren basis, all poles of the S matrix including the shadow poles can be determined. We have found that the shadow pole of 5He migrates between Riemann sheets if the coupling strength is varied.

Biomechanical characteristics and speed adaptation during kick double poling on roller skis in elite cross-country skiers.

PubMed

Göpfert, Caroline; Holmberg, Hans-Christer; Stöggl, Thomas; Müller, Erich; Lindinger, Stefan Josef

2013-06-01

Recent developments in cross-country ski racing should promote the use of kick double poling. This technique, however, has not been the focus in athletes' training and has barely been investigated. The aims of the present study were to develop a function-based phase definition and to analyse speed adaptation mechanisms for kick double poling in elite cross-country skiers. Joint kinematics and pole/plantar forces were recorded in 10 athletes while performing kick double poling at three submaximal roller skiing speeds. A speed increase was associated with increases in cycle length and rate, while absolute poling and leg push-off durations shortened. Despite maintained impulses of force, the peak and average pole/leg forces increased. During double poling and leg push-off, ranges of motion of elbow flexion and extension increased (p < 0.05) and were maintained for hip/knee flexion and extension. Cycle length increase was correlated to increases in average poling force (r = 0.71) and arm swing time (r = 0.88; both p < 0.05). The main speed adaptation was achieved by changes in double poling technique; however, leg push-off showed high variability among elite skiers, thus illustrating important aspects for technique training.

Endometrial Carcinomas with POLE Exonuclease Domain Mutations Have a Favorable Prognosis.

PubMed

McConechy, Melissa K; Talhouk, Aline; Leung, Samuel; Chiu, Derek; Yang, Winnie; Senz, Janine; Reha-Krantz, Linda J; Lee, Cheng-Han; Huntsman, David G; Gilks, C Blake; McAlpine, Jessica N

2016-06-15

The aim of this study was to confirm the prognostic significance of POLE exonuclease domain mutations (EDM) in endometrial carcinoma patients. In addition, the effect of treatment on POLE-mutated tumors was assessed. A retrospective patient cohort of 496 endometrial carcinoma patients was identified for targeted sequencing of the POLE exonuclease domain, yielding 406 evaluable tumors. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to determine the effect of POLE mutation status on progression-free survival (PFS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and overall survival (OS). Combining results from eight studies in a meta-analysis, we computed pooled HR for PFS, DSS, and OS. POLE EDMs were identified in 39 of 406 (9.6%) endometrial carcinomas. Women with POLE-mutated endometrial carcinomas were younger, with stage I (92%) tumors, grade 3 (62%), endometrioid histology (82%), and frequent (49%) lymphovascular invasion. In univariable analysis, POLE-mutated endometrial carcinomas had significantly improved outcomes compared with patients with no EDMs for PFS, DSS, and OS. In multivariable analysis, POLE EDMs were only significantly associated with improved PFS. The effect of adjuvant treatment on POLE-mutated cases could not be determined conclusively; however, both treated and untreated patients with POLE EDMs had good outcomes. Meta-analysis revealed an association between POLE EDMs and improved PFS and DSS with pooled HRs 0.34 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.15-0.73] and 0.35 (95% CI, 0.13-0.92), respectively. POLE EDMs are prognostic markers associated with excellent outcomes for endometrial carcinoma patients. Further investigation is needed to conclusively determine if treatment is necessary for this group of women. Clin Cancer Res; 22(12); 2865-73. ©2016 AACR. ©2016 American Association for Cancer Research.

Blinded histopathological characterisation of POLE exonuclease domain-mutant endometrial cancers: sheep in wolf's clothing.

PubMed

Van Gool, Inge C; Ubachs, Jef E H; Stelloo, Ellen; de Kroon, Cor D; Goeman, Jelle J; Smit, Vincent T H B M; Creutzberg, Carien L; Bosse, Tjalling

2018-01-01

POLE exonuclease domain mutations identify a subset of endometrial cancer (EC) patients with an excellent prognosis. The use of this biomarker has been suggested to refine adjuvant treatment decisions, but the necessary sequencing is not widely performed and is relatively expensive. Therefore, we aimed to identify histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics to aid in the detection of POLE-mutant ECs. Fifty-one POLE-mutant endometrioid, 67 POLE-wild-type endometrioid and 15 POLE-wild-type serous ECs were included (total N = 133). An expert gynaecopathologist, blinded to molecular features, evaluated each case (two or more slides) for 16 morphological characteristics. Immunohistochemistry was performed for p53, p16, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2. POLE-mutant ECs were characterised by a prominent immune infiltrate: 80% showed peritumoral lymphocytes and 59% showed tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, as compared with 43% and 28% of POLE-wild-type endometrioid ECs, and 27% and 13% of their serous counterparts (P < 0.01, all comparisons). Of POLE-mutant ECs, 33% contained tumour giant cells; this proportion was significantly higher than that in POLE-wild-type endometrioid ECs (10%; P = 0.003), but not significantly different from that in serous ECs (53%). Serous-like features were as often (focally) present in POLE-mutant as in POLE-wild-type endometrioid ECs (6-24%, depending on the feature). The majority of POLE-mutant ECs showed wild-type p53 (86%), negative/focal p16 (82%) and normal mismatch repair protein expression (90%). A simple combination of morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics (tumour type, grade, peritumoral lymphocytes, MLH1, and p53 expression) can assist in prescreening for POLE exonuclease domain mutations in EC, increasing the probability of a mutation being detected from 7% to 33%. This facilitates the use of this important prognostic biomarker in routine pathology. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

South Pole

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-02

As spring progresses at the south pole, the surface reacts to the change of season. This image from NASA 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows a region of the south pole that is monitored throughout spring, summer, and fall at the south pole.

Large optical second-order nonlinearity of poled WO3-TeO2 glass.

PubMed

Tanaka, K; Narazaki, A; Hirao, K

2000-02-15

Second-harmonic generation, one of the second-order nonlinear optical properties of thermally and electrically poled WO>(3)-TeO>(2) glasses, has been examined. We poled glass samples with two thicknesses (0.60 and 0.86 mm) at various temperatures to explore the effects of external electric field strength and poling temperature on second-order nonlinearity. The dependence of second-harmonic intensity on the poling temperature is maximum at a specific poling temperature. A second-order nonlinear susceptibility of 2.1 pm/V was attained for the 0.60-mm-thick glass poled at 250 degrees C. This value is fairly large compared with those for poled silica and tellurite glasses reported thus far. We speculate that the large third-order nonlinear susceptibility of WO>(3)- TeO>(2) glasses gives rise to the large second-order nonlinearity by means of a X((2)) = 3X((3)) E(dc) process.

78 FR 32110 - Cranes and Derricks in Construction: Revising the Exemption for Digger Derricks

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-29

... poles in the ground and attaching transformers and other equipment to the poles (see 29 CFR 1400(c)(4... attaching transformers and other items to the pole (see 75 FR 47906, 47924-47926, and 48136 (Aug. 9, 2010... transformers on the ground as part of the same power system as the poles. While the pole work is exempt under...

Polε Instability Drives Replication Stress, Abnormal Development, and Tumorigenesis.

PubMed

Bellelli, Roberto; Borel, Valerie; Logan, Clare; Svendsen, Jennifer; Cox, Danielle E; Nye, Emma; Metcalfe, Kay; O'Connell, Susan M; Stamp, Gordon; Flynn, Helen R; Snijders, Ambrosius P; Lassailly, François; Jackson, Andrew; Boulton, Simon J

2018-05-17

DNA polymerase ε (POLE) is a four-subunit complex and the major leading strand polymerase in eukaryotes. Budding yeast orthologs of POLE3 and POLE4 promote Polε processivity in vitro but are dispensable for viability in vivo. Here, we report that POLE4 deficiency in mice destabilizes the entire Polε complex, leading to embryonic lethality in inbred strains and extensive developmental abnormalities, leukopenia, and tumor predisposition in outbred strains. Comparable phenotypes of growth retardation and immunodeficiency are also observed in human patients harboring destabilizing mutations in POLE1. In both Pole4 -/- mouse and POLE1 mutant human cells, Polε hypomorphy is associated with replication stress and p53 activation, which we attribute to inefficient replication origin firing. Strikingly, removing p53 is sufficient to rescue embryonic lethality and all developmental abnormalities in Pole4 null mice. However, Pole4 -/- p53 +/- mice exhibit accelerated tumorigenesis, revealing an important role for controlled CMG and origin activation in normal development and tumor prevention. Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Anisotropic distribution of orbit poles of binary asteroids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pravec, P.; Scheirich, P.; Vokrouhlický, D.; Harris, A. W.; Kusnirak, P.; Hornoch, K.; Pray, D. P.; Higgins, D.; Galád, A.; Világi, J.; Gajdos, S.; Kornos, L.; Oey, J.; Husárik, M.; Cooney, W. R.; Gross, J.; Terrell, D.; Durkee, R.; Pollock, J.; Reichart, D.; Ivarsen, K.; Haislip, J.; Lacluyze, A.; Krugly, Y. N.; Gaftonyuk, N.; Dyvig, R.; Reddy, V.; Stephens, R. D.; Chiorny, V.; Vaduvescu, O.; Longa, P.; Tudorica, A.; Warner, B. D.; Masi, G.; Brinsfield, J.; Gonçalves, R.; Brown, P.; Krzeminski, Z.; Gerashchenko, O.; Marchis, F.

2011-10-01

Our photometric observations of 18 mainbelt binary systems in more than one apparition revealed a strikingly high number of 15 having positively re-observed mutual events in the return apparitions. Our simulations of the survey showed that the data strongly suggest that poles of mutual orbits between components of binary asteroids are not distributed randomly: The null hypothesis of the isotropic distribution of orbit poles is rejected at a confidence level greater than 99.99%. Binary orbit poles concentrate at high ecliptic latitudes, within 30° of the poles of the ecliptic. We propose that the binary orbit poles oriented preferentially up/down-right are due to formation of small binary systems by rotational fission of critically spinning parent bodies with poles near the YORP asymptotic states with obliquities near 0 and 180°. An alternative process of elimination of binaries with poles closer to the ecliptic by the Kozai dynamics of gravitational perturbations from the sun does not explain the observed orbit pole concentration as in the close asteroid binary systems the J2 perturbation due to the primary dominates the solar-tide effect.

Loss of PodJ in Agrobacterium tumefaciens Leads to Ectopic Polar Growth, Branching, and Reduced Cell Division

PubMed Central

Anderson-Furgeson, James C.; Zupan, John R.; Grangeon, Romain

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium that elongates by unipolar addition of new cell envelope material. Approaching cell division, the growth pole transitions to a nongrowing old pole, and the division site creates new growth poles in sibling cells. The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organizing protein PopZ localizes specifically to growth poles. In contrast, the A. tumefaciens homolog of the C. crescentus polar organelle development protein PodJ localizes to the old pole early in the cell cycle and accumulates at the growth pole as the cell cycle proceeds. FtsA and FtsZ also localize to the growth pole for most of the cell cycle prior to Z-ring formation. To further characterize the function of polar localizing proteins, we created a deletion of A. tumefaciens podJ (podJAt). ΔpodJAt cells display ectopic growth poles (branching), growth poles that fail to transition to an old pole, and elongated cells that fail to divide. In ΔpodJAt cells, A. tumefaciens PopZ-green fluorescent protein (PopZAt-GFP) persists at nontransitioning growth poles postdivision and also localizes to ectopic growth poles, as expected for a growth-pole-specific factor. Even though GFP-PodJAt does not localize to the midcell in the wild type, deletion of podJAt impacts localization, stability, and function of Z-rings as assayed by localization of FtsA-GFP and FtsZ-GFP. Z-ring defects are further evidenced by minicell production. Together, these data indicate that PodJAt is a critical factor for polar growth and that ΔpodJAt cells display a cell division phenotype, likely because the growth pole cannot transition to an old pole. IMPORTANCE How rod-shaped prokaryotes develop and maintain shape is complicated by the fact that at least two distinct species-specific growth modes exist: uniform sidewall insertion of cell envelope material, characterized in model organisms such as Escherichia coli, and unipolar growth, which occurs in several alphaproteobacteria, including Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Essential components for unipolar growth are largely uncharacterized, and the mechanism constraining growth to one pole of a wild-type cell is unknown. Here, we report that the deletion of a polar development gene, podJAt, results in cells exhibiting ectopic polar growth, including multiple growth poles and aberrant localization of cell division and polar growth-associated proteins. These data suggest that PodJAt is a critical factor in normal polar growth and impacts cell division in A. tumefaciens. PMID:27137498

A LINE POLE 20, STUBBED HISTORIC POLE WITH ORIGINAL GLASS ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

A LINE POLE 20, STUBBED HISTORIC POLE WITH ORIGINAL GLASS PIN-TYPE INSULATORS AND INTACT COMMUNICATION LINE CROSS ARM. VIEW TO WEST. - Mystic Lake Hydroelectric Facility, Electric Transmission A Line, Along West Rosebud Creek, Fishtail, Stillwater County, MT

Strong permanent magnet-assisted electromagnetic undulator

DOEpatents

Halbach, Klaus

1988-01-01

This invention discloses an improved undulator comprising a plurality of electromagnet poles located along opposite sides of a particle beam axis with alternate north and south poles on each side of the beam to cause the beam to wiggle or undulate as it travels generally along the beam axis and permanent magnets spaced adjacent the electromagnetic poles on each side of the axis of said particle beam in an orientation sufficient to reduce the saturation of the electromagnet poles whereby the field strength of the electromagnet poles can be increased beyond the normal saturation levels of the electromagnetic poles.

A strong permanent magnet-assisted electromagnetic undulator

DOEpatents

Halbach, K.

1987-01-30

This invention discloses an improved undulator comprising a plurality of electromagnet poles located along opposite sides of a particle beam axis with alternate north and south poles on each side of the beam to cause the beam to wiggle or undulate as it travels generally along the beam axis and permanent magnets spaced adjacent the electromagnetic poles on each side of the axis of said particle beam in an orientation sufficient to reduce the saturation of the electromagnet poles whereby the field strength of the electromagnet poles can be increased beyond the normal saturation levels of the electromagnetic poles. 4 figs.

Design and evaluation of large scale pultruded fiberglass tubular structures

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

O`Toole, B.J.

1994-12-31

Large solid wood structures have been used in structural applications such as utility poles and marine pilings for a long time. A pultruded fiberglass reinforced polymer composite utility pole has been designed by the Composite Power Corporation of Las Vegas, Nevada which meets or exceeds the wood pole strength standards. This type of pole has many advantages over traditional wood, metal or concrete poles including: lighter weight, easier to climb and service, better dielectric and fire resistance properties, and it is more environmentally sound than treated wood poles. Utility crossarms, other attachments, and climbing devices are secured to grooves whichmore » run the entire length of the pole so there is no need to drill holes or wear spiked boots which would compromise the strength of the pole. Bending and torsion experiments have been conducted to determine if the present design meets the strength requirements of a forty foot Class one wood pole. Initial results of the composite pole tests showed a 17 percent advantage in bending strength, a 449 percent advantage in strength due to a vertical load applied to a crossarm, and a 43 percent advantage in twisting strength. Plans for further material characterization experiments and detailed stress and failure analysis are discussed.« less

Adapting Growth Pole Theory to Community College Development.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brumbach, Mary A.

2002-01-01

Explains growth pole theory, which is the theory that growth manifests itself at poles of growth, rather than everywhere at once. Applies this theory to community college development, and offers advice for implementing growth poles by taking an entrepreneurial approach to education. (NB)

Microscopy and microRaman study of periodically poled domains in deeply thinned lithium niobate wafers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bullen, P. S.; Huang, H.-C.; Yang, H.; Dadap, J. I.; Kymissis, I.; Osgood, R. M.

2016-07-01

The domain structure of poled deeply thinned lithium niobate is investigated as a function of sample thickness. Free-standing samples of thickness from 25 to 500 μm are prepared by a multiple-cycle polish and annealing procedure and then periodically poled. Using these samples and employing micro-Raman scattering and scanning electron, atomic force, and optical microscopy together, the domain broadening and poling voltage are found to vary in a regular and significant manner. The poled domains show a reduction in width spreading of 38% as the sample thickness is reduced from 500 to 25 μm. Micro-Raman probe measurements verify the quality and the uniformity of the poled domains and provide insight into their thickness-dependent poling contrast.

Modeling of Optical Waveguide Poling and Thermally Stimulated Discharge (TSD) Charge and Current Densities for Guest/Host Electro Optic Polymers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Watson, Michael D.; Ashley, Paul R.; Abushagur, Mustafa

2004-01-01

A charge density and current density model of a waveguide system has been developed to explore the effects of electric field electrode poling. An optical waveguide may be modeled during poling by considering the dielectric charge distribution, polarization charge distribution, and conduction charge generated by the poling field. These charge distributions are the source of poling current densities. The model shows that boundary charge current density and polarization current density are the major source of currents measured during poling and thermally stimulated discharge These charge distributions provide insight into the poling mechanisms and are directly related to E(sub A), and, alpha(sub r). Initial comparisons with experimental data show excellent correlation to the model results.

Development of design specifications, details and design criteria for traffic light poles

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-09-01

Current rules and fabrication methods employed in the design of traffic light poles do not adequately address fatigue and fracture issues associated with the connection of mast arms to the vertical poles and the connection of the poles to the foundat...

View of worlds tallest totem pole, 136.5 feet tall. First ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

View of worlds tallest totem pole, 136.5 feet tall. First potlatch pole since 1904. Dedicated to all things and all peoples of southeast Alaska, 1971. Oct potlatch, looking northwest - Kake Salmon Cannery, Totem Pole, Kake, Wrangell-Petersburg Census Area, AK

In Situ Poling and Imidization of Amorphous Piezoelectric Polyimides

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Park, Cheol; Ounaies, Zoubeida; Wise, Kristopher E.; Harrison, Joycelyn S.; Bushnell, Dennis M. (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

An amorphous piezoelectric polyimide containing polar functional groups has been developed using a combination of experimental and molecular modeling for potential use in high temperature applications. This amorphous polyimide, (Beta-CN)APB/ODPA, has exhibited good thermal stability and piezoelectric response at temperatures up to 150C. Density functional calculations predicted that a partially cured amic acid (open imide ring) possesses a dipole moment four times larger than the fully imidized closed ring. In situ poling and imidization of the partially cured (Beta-CN)APB/ODPA, was studied in an attempt to maximize the degree of dipolar orientation and the resultant piezoelectric response. A positive corona poling was used to minimize localized arcing during poling and to allow use of higher poling fields without dielectric breakdown. The dielectric relaxation strength, remanent polarization, and piezoelectric response were evaluated as a function of the poling profile. The partially cured, corona poled polymers exhibited higher dielectric relaxation strength (delta varepsilon), remanent polarization (Pr) and piezoelectric strain coefficient (d33) than the fully cured, conventionally poled ones.

Development of Mini-pole Superconducting Undulator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jan, J. C.; Hwang, C. S.; Lin, P. H.; Chang, C. H.; Lin, F. Y.

2007-01-01

A mini-pole superconducting undulator with a 15mm period length (SU15) was developed at the National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC). The coil was wound by a superconducting (SC) NbTi wire with small dimensions and low Cu/SC ratio. The design field strength of SU15 with 158turns/pole was 1.4T at 215A, and the magnet gap was 5.6 mm. Extra trim coils and poles are mounted on the main iron pole. The trim coils directly compensate for the strength error of the peak field. The prototype racetrack iron pole was fabricated via electric discharge machining to produce a complete set of 40-poles. The coil was impregnated by epoxy and wrapped in Kapton to maintain insulation between coil and iron pole. A substitution beam duct was built and assembled with the magnet array and tested in the test Dewar. The conceptual design of bath liquid helium (LHe) cryostat has to tolerate more image current and radiation heating on the beam duct.

Six pole/eight pole single-phase motor

DOEpatents

Kirschbaum, Herbert S.

1984-01-01

A single phase alternating current electric motor is provided with a main stator winding having two coil groups which are connected to form eight poles for eight-pole operation and to form six poles for six-pole operation. Each group contains four series connected coil elements with each element spanning approximately one-seventh of the periphery of the machine. The coil groups are spaced 180 mechanical degrees apart such that each end coil of one group overlaps one of the end coils of the other group. An auxiliary stator winding having two coil groups with the same relative angular displacement as the main stator winding coil groups is included.

Current superimposition variable flux reluctance motor with 8 salient poles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Takahara, Kazuaki; Hirata, Katsuhiro; Niguchi, Noboru; Kohara, Akira

2017-12-01

We propose a current superimposition variable flux reluctance motor for a traction motor of electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, which consists of 10 salient poles in the rotor and 12 slots in the stator. However, iron losses of this motor in high rotation speed ranges is large because the number of salient poles is large. In this paper, we propose a current superimposition variable flux reluctance motor that consists of 8 salient poles and 12 slots. The characteristics of the 10-pole-12-slot and 8-pole-12-slot current superimposition variable flux reluctance motors are compared using finite element analysis under vector control.

Six pole/eight pole single-phase motor

DOEpatents

Kirschbaum, H.S.

1984-07-31

A single phase alternating current electric motor is provided with a main stator winding having two coil groups which are connected to form eight poles for eight-pole operation and to form six poles for six-pole operation. Each group contains four series connected coil elements with each element spanning approximately one-seventh of the periphery of the machine. The coil groups are spaced 180 mechanical degrees apart such that each end coil of one group overlaps one of the end coils of the other group. An auxiliary stator winding having two coil groups with the same relative angular displacement as the main stator winding coil groups is included. 10 figs.

Vibration Monitoring of Power Distribution Poles

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Clark Scott; Gail Heath; John Svoboda

2006-04-01

Some of the most visible and least monitored elements of our national security infrastructure are the poles and towers used for the distribution of our nation’s electrical power. Issues surrounding these elements within the United States include safety such as unauthorized climbing and access, vandalism such as nut/bolt removal or destructive small arms fire, and major vandalism such as the downing of power poles and towers by the cutting of the poles with a chainsaw or torches. The Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has an ongoing research program working to develop inexpensive and sensitive sensor platforms for the monitoring and characterizationmore » of damage to the power distribution infrastructure. This presentation covers the results from the instrumentation of a variety of power poles and wires with geophone assemblies and the recording of vibration data when power poles were subjected to a variety of stimuli. Initial results indicate that, for the majority of attacks against power poles, the resulting signal can be seen not only on the targeted pole but on sensors several poles away in the distribution network and a distributed sensor system can be used to monitor remote and critical structures.« less

Converting point-wise nuclear cross sections to pole representation using regularized vector fitting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peng, Xingjie; Ducru, Pablo; Liu, Shichang; Forget, Benoit; Liang, Jingang; Smith, Kord

2018-03-01

Direct Doppler broadening of nuclear cross sections in Monte Carlo codes has been widely sought for coupled reactor simulations. One recent approach proposed analytical broadening using a pole representation of the commonly used resonance models and the introduction of a local windowing scheme to improve performance (Hwang, 1987; Forget et al., 2014; Josey et al., 2015, 2016). This pole representation has been achieved in the past by converting resonance parameters in the evaluation nuclear data library into poles and residues. However, cross sections of some isotopes are only provided as point-wise data in ENDF/B-VII.1 library. To convert these isotopes to pole representation, a recent approach has been proposed using the relaxed vector fitting (RVF) algorithm (Gustavsen and Semlyen, 1999; Gustavsen, 2006; Liu et al., 2018). This approach however needs to specify ahead of time the number of poles. This article addresses this issue by adding a poles and residues filtering step to the RVF procedure. This regularized VF (ReV-Fit) algorithm is shown to efficiently converge the poles close to the physical ones, eliminating most of the superfluous poles, and thus enabling the conversion of point-wise nuclear cross sections.

Pole lengths influence O2-cost during double poling in highly trained cross-country skiers.

PubMed

Carlsen, Camilla Høivik; Rud, Bjarne; Myklebust, Håvard; Losnegard, Thomas

2018-02-01

In elite cross-country skiing, double poling is used in different terrain. This study compared O 2 -cost and kinematics during double poling with four different pole lengths [self-selected (SS), SS - 5 cm, SS + 5 cm, SS + 10 cm] at Low versus Moderate incline. Thirteen highly trained male cross-country skiers (mean ± SD 23 ± 3 years; 182 ± 4 cm; 77 ± 6 kg) completed eight submaximal trials with roller skis on a treadmill at two conditions: "Low incline" (1.7°; 4.5 m s -1 ) and "Moderate incline" (4.5°; 2.5 m s -1 ) with each of the four pole lengths. O 2 -cost and 3D body kinematics were assessed in each trial. In Low incline, SS + 10 cm induced a lower O 2 -cost than all the other pole lengths [P < 0.05; effect size (ES) 0.5-0.8], whereas no differences were found between the remaining pole lengths (P > 0.05; ES 0.2-0.4). In Moderate incline, significant differences between all pole lengths were found for O 2 -cost, with SS - 5 cm > SS > SS + 5 cm > SS + 10 cm (P < 0.05; ES 0.6-1.8). The relative differences in O 2 -cost between SS and the other pole lengths were greater in Moderate incline than Low incline (SS - 5 cm; 1.5%, ES 0.8, SS + 5 cm; 1.3%, ES 1.0, and SS + 10 cm; 1.9%, ES 1.0, all P < 0.05). No difference was found in cycle, poling or reposition times between pole lengths. However, at both conditions a smaller total vertical displacement of center of mass was observed with SS + 10 cm compared to the other pole lengths. Increasing pole length from SS - 5 cm to SS + 10 cm during double poling induced lower O 2 -cost and this advantage was greater in Moderate compared to Low incline.

Process support compressor motor electromagnetic design summary

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bailey, J. M.

1987-03-01

A 30-hp, 15,000-rpm, permanent magnet motor has been designed and is now being built. The direct drive motor has 72 slots and eight poles. Using A. O. Smith Magnetic, a flux plot was obtained and the flux density throughout one pole pitch has been determined. The poles are connected in a four-pole series, parallel WYE. Each pole requires 30 A for a total per phase current of 60 A. The torque capability is 2638 oz-in.

Microtubule Flux and Sliding in Mitotic Spindles of Drosophila EmbryosV⃞

PubMed Central

Brust-Mascher, Ingrid; Scholey, Jonathan M.

2002-01-01

We proposed that spindle morphogenesis in Drosophila embryos involves progression through four transient isometric structures in which a constant spacing of the spindle poles is maintained by a balance of forces generated by multiple microtubule (MT) motors and that tipping this balance drives pole-pole separation. Here we used fluorescent speckle microscopy to evaluate the influence of MT dynamics on the isometric state that persists through metaphase and anaphase A and on pole-pole separation in anaphase B. During metaphase and anaphase A, fluorescent punctae on kinetochore and interpolar MTs flux toward the poles at 0.03 μm/s, too slow to drive chromatid-to-pole motion at 0.11 μm/s, and during anaphase B, fluorescent punctae on interpolar MTs move away from the spindle equator at the same rate as the poles, consistent with MT-MT sliding. Loss of Ncd, a candidate flux motor or brake, did not affect flux in the metaphase/anaphase A isometric state or MT sliding in anaphase B but decreased the duration of the isometric state. Our results suggest that, throughout this isometric state, an outward force exerted on the spindle poles by MT sliding motors is balanced by flux, and that suppression of flux could tip the balance of forces at the onset of anaphase B, allowing MT sliding and polymerization to push the poles apart. PMID:12429839

30 CFR 56.12048 - Communication conductors on power poles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Communication conductors on power poles. 56... Electricity § 56.12048 Communication conductors on power poles. Telegraph, telephone, or signal wires shall not be installed on the same crossarm with power conductors. When carried on poles supporting...

30 CFR 56.12048 - Communication conductors on power poles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Communication conductors on power poles. 56... Electricity § 56.12048 Communication conductors on power poles. Telegraph, telephone, or signal wires shall not be installed on the same crossarm with power conductors. When carried on poles supporting...

Economics of Red Pine Management for Utility Pole Timber

Treesearch

Gerald H. Grossman; Karen Potter-Witter

1991-01-01

Including utility poles in red pine management regimes leads to distinctly different management recommendations. Where utility pole markets exist, managing for poles will maximize net returns. To do so, plantations should be maintained above 110 ft2/ac, higher than usually recommended. In Michigan's northern lower peninsula, approximately...

Serum Levels of Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and In Situ Expression of MIF and Its Receptor CD74 in Lepromatous Leprosy Patients: A Preliminary Report

PubMed Central

Martinez-Guzman, Marco Alonso; Alvarado-Navarro, Anabell; Delgado-Rizo, Vidal; Garcia-Orozco, Alejandra; Mayorga-Rodríguez, Jorge Arturo; Pereira-Suarez, Ana Laura; Fafutis-Morris, Mary

2018-01-01

Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae that affects the skin and peripheral nerves. It may present as one of two distinct poles: the self-limiting tuberculoid leprosy and the highly infectious lepromatous leprosy (LL) characterized by M. leprae-specific absence of cellular immune response. The pro-inflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) enhance the bactericide activities of macrophages after interaction with its receptor, CD74. Importantly, MIF also possesses chemoattractant properties, and it is a key factor in situ for the activation of macrophages and in blood to promote leukocytes migration. MIF-mediated activation of macrophages is a key process for the elimination of pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis; however, its participation for the clearance of M. leprae is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of MIF as well as MIF and CD74 expression in skin lesions of LL and compare it with healthy skin (HSk) taken from subjects attending to dermatological consult. Samples of serum and skin biopsies were taken from 39 LL patients and compared with 36 serum samples of healthy subjects (HS) and 10 biopsies of HSk. Serum samples were analyzed by ELISA and skin biopsies by immunohistochemistry (IHC). IHC smears were observed in 12 100× microscopic fields, in which percentage of stained cells and staining intensity were evaluated. Both variables were used to calculate a semi-quantitative expression score that ranged from 0 to 3+. We found no differences in MIF levels between LL patients and HS in sera. In addition, MIF was observed in over 75% of cells with high intensity in the skin of patients and HSk. Although we found no differences in MIF expression between the groups, a CD74 score statistically higher was found in LL skin than HSk (p < 0.001); this was the result of a higher percentage of cells positive for CD74 (p < 0.001). As a conclusion, we found that CD74-positive cells are intensely recruited to the skin with LL lesions. In this manner, MIF signaling may be enhanced in the skin of LL patients due to increased expression of its receptor, but further studies are required. PMID:29487601

Fiber grating system used to measure strain in a 22-ft composite utility pole

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Udd, Eric; Corona, Kelli; Slattery, Kerry T.; Dorr, Donald J.

1996-05-01

Composite utility poles have significant advantages with respect to wooden utility poles that include superior strength and uniformity, light weight for ease of deployment, the ability to be recycled reducing hazardous waste associated with chemically treated wooden poles, and compatibility with embedded fiber optic sensors allowing structural loads to be monitored. This paper reports tests conducted of fiber optic grating sensors in combination with an overcoupled coupler demodulation system to support structural testing of a 22 foot composite pole.

Tension and compression measurements in composite utility poles using fiber optic grating sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Udd, Eric; Corona-Bittick, Kelli; Slattery, Kerry T.; Dorr, Donald J.

1995-04-01

Composite utility poles have the potential to overcome many of the limitations of wooden poles that are currently widely used. Significant advantages include superior strength and uniformity, light weight for ease of deployment, the ability to be recycled reducing hazardous waste associated with chemically treated wooden poles, and compatibility with embedded fiber optic sensors allowing structural loads to be monitored. This paper describes the usage of fiber optic grating sensors to support structural testing of a 22 foot composite pole.

Permanent-magnet multipole with adjustable strength

DOEpatents

Halbach, K.

1982-09-20

Two or more magnetically soft pole pieces are symmetrically positioned along a longitudinal axis to provide a magnetic field within a space defined by the pole pieces. Two or more permanent magnets are mounted to an external magnetically-soft cylindrical sleeve which rotates to bring the permanent magnets into closer coupling with the pole pieces and thereby adjustably control the field strength of the magnetic field produced in the space defined by the pole pieces. The permanent magnets are preferably formed of rare earth cobalt (REC) material which has a high remanent magnetic field and a strong coercive force. The pole pieces and the permanent magnets have corresponding cylindrical surfaces which are positionable with respect to each other to vary the coupling there between. Auxiliary permanent magnets are provided between the pole pieces to provide additional magnetic flux to the magnetic field without saturating the pole pieces.

Permanent magnet multipole with adjustable strength

DOEpatents

Halbach, Klaus

1985-01-01

Two or more magnetically soft pole pieces are symmetrically positioned along a longitudinal axis to provide a magnetic field within a space defined by the pole pieces. Two or more permanent magnets are mounted to an external magnetically-soft cylindrical sleeve which rotates to bring the permanent magnets into closer coupling with the pole pieces and thereby adjustably control the field strength of the magnetic field produced in the space defined by the pole pieces. The permanent magnets are preferably formed of rare earth cobalt (REC) material which has a high remanent magnetic field and a strong coercive force. The pole pieces and the permanent magnets have corresponding cylindrical surfaces which are positionable with respect to each other to vary the coupling therebetween. Auxiliary permanent magnets are provided between the pole pieces to provide additional magnetic flux to the magnetic field without saturating the pole pieces.

A vision fusion treatment system based on ATtiny26L

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Xiaoqing; Zhang, Chunxi; Wang, Jiqiang

2006-11-01

Vision fusion treatment is an important and effective project to strabismus children. The vision fusion treatment system based on the principle for eyeballs to follow the moving visual survey pole is put forward first. In this system the original position of visual survey pole is about 35 centimeters far from patient's face before its moving to the middle position between the two eyeballs. The eyeballs of patient will follow the movement of the visual survey pole. When they can't follow, one or two eyeballs will turn to other position other than the visual survey pole. This displacement is recorded every time. A popular single chip microcomputer ATtiny26L is used in this system, which has a PWM output signal to control visual survey pole to move with continuously variable speed. The movement of visual survey pole accords to the modulating law of eyeballs to follow visual survey pole.

Pole-Like Street Furniture Decompostion in Mobile Laser Scanning Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, F.; Oude Elberink, S.; Vosselman, G.

2016-06-01

Automatic semantic interpretation of street furniture has become a popular topic in recent years. Current studies detect street furniture as connected components of points above the street level. Street furniture classification based on properties of such components suffers from large intra class variability of shapes and cannot deal with mixed classes like traffic signs attached to light poles. In this paper, we focus on the decomposition of point clouds of pole-like street furniture. A novel street furniture decomposition method is proposed, which consists of three steps: (i) acquirement of prior-knowledge, (ii) pole extraction, (iii) components separation. For the pole extraction, a novel global pole extraction approach is proposed to handle 3 different cases of street furniture. In the evaluation of results, which involves the decomposition of 27 different instances of street furniture, we demonstrate that our method decomposes mixed classes street furniture into poles and different components with respect to different functionalities.

Pole of rotating analysis of present-day Juan de Fuca plate motion

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nishimura, C.; Wilson, D. S.; Hey, R. N.

1984-01-01

Convergence rates between the Juan de Fuca and North American plates are calculated by means of their relative, present-day pole of rotation. A method of calculating the propagation of errors in addition to the instantaneous poles of rotation is also formulated and applied to determine the Euler pole for Pacific-Juan de Fuca. This pole is vectorially added to previously published poles for North America-Pacific and 'hot spot'-Pacific to obtain North America-Juan de Fuca and 'hot spot'-Juan de Fuca, respectively. The errors associated with these resultant poles are determined by propagating the errors of the two summed angular velocity vectors. Under the assumption that hot spots are fixed with respect to a mantle reference frame, the average absolute velocity of the Juan de Puca plate is computed at approximately 15 mm/yr, thereby making it the slowest-moving of the oceanic plates.

Micropole undulator

DOEpatents

Tatchyn, Roman O.; Csonka, Paul L.; Cremer, Jay T.

1990-12-11

Micropole undulators for use in the generation of x-rays from moving charged particles are disclosed. Two rows of spaced apart poles are arranged so that each pole produces a magnetic field aligned with all other similar fields. The poles are the ends of "C"-shaped magnets. In each row, adjacent poles are separated by spacers made of a superconducting material.

Theoretical modeling and experimental analyses of laminated wood composite poles

Treesearch

Cheng Piao; Todd F. Shupe; Vijaya Gopu; Chung Y. Hse

2005-01-01

Wood laminated composite poles consist of trapezoid-shaped wood strips bonded with synthetic resin. The thick-walled hollow poles had adequate strength and stiffness properties and were a promising substitute for solid wood poles. It was necessary to develop theoretical models to facilitate the manufacture and future installation and maintenance of this novel...

Evidence for Phyllosilicates near the Lunar South Pole

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vilas, Faith; Jensen, E.; Domingue, Deborah; McFadden, L.; Coombs, Cassandraa; Mendell, Wendell

1998-01-01

While theoretically water ice could be stable in permanently shadowed areas near the lunar poles, there is conflicting observational evidence for the existence of water ice at either pole. Clementine's bistatic radar resumed a weak signal commensurate with water ice in the South Pole Aitken Basin; however, groundbased radar searches have not detected such a signal at either pole. Lunar Prospector measured large amounts of H (attributed to water) at both poles; however, Galileo near-infrared spectral measurements of the north polar region did not detect the prominent 3.0 micron absorption feature due to interlayer and adsorbed water in phyllosilicates. Evidence for the existence of water at the lunar poles is still ambiguous and controversial. We present evidence, based on the analysis of Galileo SSI images, for the presence of phyllosilicates near the lunar south pole. Using the color image sequence (560 nm, 670 nm, 756 nm, and 889 nm) of Lunmap 14 taken during the Galileo Earth-Moon pass I, we have identified areas that show evidence for a 0.7 microns absorption feature present in Fe-bearing phyllosilicates.

Electrical Transfer Function and Poling Mechanisms for Nonlinear Optical Polymer Modulators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Watson, Michael Dale

2004-01-01

Electro-Optic Polymers hold great promise in increased electro-optic coefficients as compared to their inorganic corollaries. Many researchers have focused on quantum chemistry to describe how the dipoles respond to temperature and electric fields. Much work has also been done for single layer films to confirm these results. For optical applications, waveguide structures are utilized to guide the optical waves in 3 layer stacks. Electrode poling is the only practical poling method for these structures. This research takes an electrical engineering approach to develop poling models and electrical and optical transfer functions of the waveguide structure. The key aspect of the poling model is the large boundary charge density deposited during the poling process. The boundary charge density also has a large effect on the electrical transfer function which is used to explain the transient response of the system. These models are experimentally verified. Exploratory experiment design is used to study poling parameters including time, temperature, and voltage. These studies verify the poling conditions for CLDX/APC and CLDZ/APEC guest host electro optic polymer films in waveguide stacks predicted by the theoretical developments.

Experimental Study on Short Circuit Phenomena in Air Switch of Distribution Line due to Sparkover between Different Poles on Which One Surge Arrester of the Three Ones is Omitted

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sato, Tomoyuki; Uemura, Satoshi; Asakawa, Akira; Yokoyama, Shigeru; Honda, Hideki; Horikoshi, Kazuhiro

In this study, we experimentally examined the possibility of the internal short circuit of an air switch due to the sparkover between different poles under the condition that no surge arrester exists in neighboring poles and one of three surge arresters is omitted at the pole with an air switch. Experiments at Shiobara Testing Yard and Akagi Testing Center of CRIEPI clarified the following. Fault current may flow via the grounding point of a pole with an air switch and that of the next pole on a different phase from grounded phase of the pole with an air switch. If the low-voltage wire, overhead ground wire or communication wire forms a short circuit between them, ultimately the air switch may burn out. Moreover Fault current continues even if the length of the short-circuit between different poles is increased. Although the increase of the short-circuit length results in the increase of wire impedance, the amount of increase is still small compared with source impedance.

Macro Fiber Piezocomposite Actuator Poling Study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Werlink, Rudy J.; Bryant, Robert G.; Manos, Dennis

2002-01-01

The performance and advantages of Piezocomposite Actuators are to provide a low cost, in-situ actuator/sensor that is flexible, low profile and high strain per volt performance in the same plane of poled voltage. This paper extends reported data for the performance of these Macrofiber Composite (MFC) Actuators to include 4 progressively narrower Intedigitized electrode configurations with several line widths and spacing ratios. Data is reported for max free strain, average strain per applied volt, poling (alignment of the electric dipoles of the PZT ceramic) voltage vs. strain and capacitance, time to poling voltage 95% saturation. The output strain per volt progressively increases as electrode spacing decreases, with saturation occurring at lower poling voltages. The narrowest spacing ratio becomes prone to voltage breakdown or short circuits limiting the spacing width with current fabrication methods. The capacitance generally increases with increasing poling voltage level but has high sensitivity to factors such as temperature, moisture and time from poling which limit its usefulness as a simple indicator. The total time of applied poling voltage to saturate or fully line up the dipoles in the piezoceramic was generally on the order of 5-20 seconds. Less sensitivity to poling due to the applied rate of voltage increase over a 25 to 500 volt/second rate range was observed.

Medial prefrontal aberrations in major depressive disorder revealed by cytoarchitectonically informed voxel-based morphometry

PubMed Central

Bludau, Sebastian; Bzdok, Danilo; Gruber, Oliver; Kohn, Nils; Riedl, Valentin; Sorg, Christian; Palomero-Gallagher, Nicola; Müller, Veronika I.; Hoffstaedter, Felix; Amunts, Katrin; Eickhoff, Simon B.

2017-01-01

Objective The heterogeneous human frontal pole has been identified as a node in the dysfunctional network of major depressive disorder. The contribution of the medial (socio-affective) versus lateral (cognitive) frontal pole to major depression pathogenesis is currently unclear. The present study performs morphometric comparison of the microstructurally informed subdivisions of human frontal pole between depressed patients and controls using both uni- and multivariate statistics. Methods Multi-site voxel- and region-based morphometric MRI analysis of 73 depressed patients and 73 matched controls without psychiatric history. Frontal pole volume was first compared between depressed patients and controls by subdivision-wise classical morphometric analysis. In a second approach, frontal pole volume was compared by subdivision-naive multivariate searchlight analysis based on support vector machines. Results Subdivision-wise morphometric analysis found a significantly smaller medial frontal pole in depressed patients with a negative correlation of disease severity and duration. Histologically uninformed multivariate voxel-wise statistics provided converging evidence for structural aberrations specific to the microstructurally defined medial area of the frontal pole in depressed patients. Conclusions Across disparate methods, we demonstrated subregion specificity in the left medial frontal pole volume in depressed patients. Indeed, the frontal pole was shown to structurally and functionally connect to other key regions in major depression pathology like the anterior cingulate cortex and the amygdala via the uncinate fasciculus. Present and previous findings consolidate the left medial portion of the frontal pole as particularly altered in major depression. PMID:26621569

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Taylor, B.B.; Ripp, J.; Sims, R.C.

The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) is studying the environmental impact of preservatives associated with in-service utility poles. As part of this endeavor, two EPRI contractors, META Environmental, Inc. (META) and Atlantic Environmental Services, Inc. (Atlantic), have collected soil samples from around wood utility poles nationwide, for various chemical and physical analyses. This report covers the results for 107 pole sites in the US. These pole sites included a range of preservative types, soil types, wood types, pole sizes, and in-service ages. The poles in this study were preserved with one of two types of preservative: pentachlorophenol (PCP) or creosote.more » Approximately 40 to 50 soil samples were collected from each wood pole site in this study. The soil samples collected from the pole sites were analyzed for chlorinated phenols and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) if the pole was preserved with PCP, or for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) if the pole was preserved with creosote. The soil samples were also analyzed for physical/chemical parameters, such as pH, total organic carbon (TOC), and cationic exchange capacity (CEC). Additional samples were used in studies to determine biological degradation rates, and soil-water distribution and retardation coefficients of PCP in site soils. Methods of analysis followed standard EPA and ASTM methods, with some modifications in the chemical analyses to enable the efficient processing of many samples with sufficiently low detection limits for this study. All chemical, physical, and site-specific data were stored in a relational computer database.« less

PoleStriding exercise and vitamin E for management of peripheral vascular disease.

PubMed

Collins, Eileen G; Edwin Langbein, W; Orebaugh, Cynthia; Bammert, Christine; Hanson, Karla; Reda, Domenic; Edwards, Lonnie C; Littooy, Fred N

2003-03-01

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the efficacy of PoleStriding exercise (a form of walking that uses muscles of the upper and lower body in a continuous movement similar to cross-country skiing) and vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) to improve walking ability and perceived quality of life (QOL) of patients with claudication pain secondary to peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Fifty-two subjects were randomized into four groups: PoleStriding with vitamin E (N = 13), PoleStriding with placebo (N= 14), vitamin E without exercise (N= 13), and placebo without exercise (N = 12). The dose of vitamin E was 400 IU daily. Only the PoleStriding with vitamin E and PoleStriding with placebo groups received PoleStriding instruction and training. Assignment to vitamin E or placebo was double blind. Subjects trained three times weekly for 30-45 min (rest time excluded). Individuals in vitamin E and placebo groups came to the laboratory biweekly for ankle blood-pressure measurements. Results of this randomized clinical trial provide strong evidence that PoleStriding significantly (P< 0.001) improved exercise tolerance on the constant work-rate and incremental treadmill tests. Ratings of perceived claudication pain were significantly less after the PoleStriding training program (P= 0.02). In contrast, vitamin E did not have a statistically significant effect on the subjects' ratings of perceived leg pain (P= 0.35) or treadmill walking duration ( P= 0.36). Perceived distance and walking speed (Walking Impairment Questionnaire) and perceived physical function (Rand Short Form-36) improved in the PoleStriding trained group only (P< 0.001, 0.022 and 0.003, respectively). PoleStriding effectively improved the exercise tolerance and perceived QOL of patients with PAD. Little additional benefit to exercise capacity was realized from vitamin E supplementation.

Helicopter-based live-line work. Volume 1, Helicopter platform work between phases: Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gela, G.

1993-06-01

This report presents experimental data on tests of a configuration consisting of a helicopter between two energized phases (for AC and switching surge) or poles (for DC). The configuration is that related to live-line work from a hovering helicopter. The McDonnell Douglas 500 Series helicopter was used for the tests. All tests were performed with phase-to-phase, or pole-to-pole energization. For AC tests, proper relationship between the phase-to-ground voltages and the phase-to-phase voltage was maintained by energizing the experimental setup from a balanced 3-{phi} AC source. For DC tests, one pole was energized with positive DC voltage to ground, while themore » other pole was energized with negative DC voltage to ground. For switching surge tests, a surge of positive polarity and a specific peak voltage magnitude was applied to one phase while a surge of negative polarity and the same peak voltage Magnitude was simultaneously applied to the other phase, resulting in {alpha} = 0.5 ({alpha} is the ratio between negative and total surge). In the research program, four conditions were investigated, namely helicopter operating versus not operating, and helicopter bonded to one phase or pole versus not bonded. Results from this research show effects of the rotating main rotor blade of the helicopter, effect of the position of the electrically floating helicopter in the phase-to-phase or pole-to-pole gap, effects of the mannequin, importance of the polarity of the DC poles and switching surges, and effects of inclement weather such as rain. The overall conclusion of this research is that the phase-to-phase or pole-to-pole spacings that cause sparkover with the helicopter between phases (poles) were always significantly smaller than the typical spacings on actual existing overhead transmission lines of the corresponding voltage rating.« less

[Should morphology of the upper pole in renal duplication with preserved function and associated ureterocele be taken into account during treatment planning?].

PubMed

Materny, Jacek; Chojnacka, Hanna; Urasińska, Elzbieta; Gawrych, Elzbieta

2011-01-01

The aim of this study was to assess structural changes of the upper pole in renal duplication with coexisting ureterocele with regard to primary and/or secondary lesions. These changes might be of importance in treatment planning. The material of this study consisted of clinical documentation and results of histopathology of 23 upper poles removed due to renal duplication with coexisting ureterocele. The qualification criterion was preserved function of the upper pole seen with 99mTc-DTPA (99mTechnetium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid)/99mTc-DMSA (99mTechnetium dimercaptosuccinic acid). Resection of the upper pole was indicated in patients with recurrent urinary tract infections and/or persistent vesicoureteral reflux to the lower pole following endoscopic surgery of the ureterocele and/or low function of the upper pole. Morphological lesions were classified as primary (dysplasia) or secondary lesions. The patients were operated at the Department of Pediatric and Oncologic Surgery, PMU, in 1990-2008. The study group consisted of 17 girls and 6 boys aged from 4 months to 9 years (mean 40 months). Recurrent urinary tract infections noted in 16 (70%) children were the most frequent indication for surgery. The preoperative mean function of the renal poles assessed with DTPA/DMSA represented 6% of the differential renal function. Dysplasia was identified in eight resected renal poles (34%) with coexisting secondary lesions in three of them. Secondary lesions only were seen in 15 poles (66%). There was no correlation between age and incidence of dysplasia during follow-up (Pearson's correlation coefficient r = 0.031). Secondary lesions are a quite frequent finding in resected upper poles. As 66% of the renal poles studied with histopathology revealed secondary lesions only, we believe that renal sparing treatment is justified in cases of urinary duplication with coexisting ureterocele.

Acute effects of walking with Nordic poles in persons with mild to moderate low-back pain.

PubMed

Revord, Landon P; Lomond, Karen V; Loubert, Peter V; Hammer, Roger L

2016-01-01

Regular walking with or without Nordic poles is effective over time at reducing discomfort in individuals with chronic low back pain (LBP). Nordic pole use increases balance and stability, distributes weight through the arms and torso, and decreases loading of the spine and lower limbs. The purpose of this study was to determine if Nordic poles would reduce perceived acute discomfort while self-paced walking in individuals with LBP. We also examined whether walking with or without poles increased heart rate (HR) and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) or speed of movement. Subjects included 20 adults (12 males, 8 females; mean age of 45.1±16.3) who were experiencing LBP of at least six months' duration (Oswestry Disability Index (ODI): mean 17 ± 8%, range 6-36% indicating minimal to moderate disability) with no current active flare-up. Participants walked a predetermined dirt-path course (805 m or 0.5 mi) with and without poles in randomized order. Data were analyzed using a 2 X 2 repeated measures ANOVA (Condition X Time), where Condition was poles vs no poles and Time was pre- and post-walk. HR and RPE increased significantly from walking the course, whereas pain did not change. There were also no differences between walking with or without poles for pain (ODI Sec #1: 0.2 points, p=0.324), HR (4 bpm, p=0.522) and RPE (0 points, p=0.759). The mean course time (sec) was slower with poles: 617±87 vs 566±65 (p<0.001). Unexpectedly, there was a noticeable drop in pain following the warm up which was done using poles (0.9 points, p<0.001). Nordic pole use is well tolerated in those with current back pain and can be encouraged, however it cannot be recommended as a superior method of addressing acute symptoms when walking.

Frequent POLE1 p.S297F mutation in Chinese patients with ovarian endometrioid carcinoma.

PubMed

Zou, Yang; Liu, Fa-Ying; Liu, Huai; Wang, Feng; Li, Wei; Huang, Mei-Zhen; Huang, Yan; Yuan, Xiao-Qun; Xu, Xiao-Yun; Huang, Ou-Ping; He, Ming

2014-03-01

The catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase epsilon (POLE1) functions primarily in nuclear DNA replication and repair. Recently, POLE1 mutations were detected frequently in colorectal and endometrial carcinomas while with lower frequency in several other types of cancer, and the p.P286R and p.V411L mutations were the potential mutation hotspots in human cancers. Nevertheless, the mutation frequency of POLE1 in ovarian cancer still remains largely unknown. Here, we screened a total of 251 Chinese samples with distinct subtypes of ovarian carcinoma for the presence of POLE1 hotspot mutations by direct sequencing. A heterozygous somatic POLE1 mutation, p.S297F (c.890C>T), but not p.P286R and p.V411L hotspot mutations observed in other cancer types, was identified in 3 out of 37 (8.1%) patients with ovarian endometrioid carcinoma; this mutation was evolutionarily highly conserved from Homo sapiens to Schizosaccharomyces. Of note, the POLE1 mutation coexisted with mutation in the ovarian cancer-associated PPP2R1A (protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit A, α) gene in a 46-year-old patient, who was also diagnosed with ectopic endometriosis in the benign ovary. In addition, a 45-year-old POLE1-mutated ovarian endometrioid carcinoma patient was also diagnosed with uterine leiomyoma while the remaining 52-year-old POLE1-mutated patient showed no additional distinctive clinical manifestation. In contrast to high frequency of POLE1 mutations in ovarian endometrioid carcinoma, no POLE1 mutations were identified in patients with other subtypes of ovarian carcinoma. Our results showed for the first time that the POLE1 p.S297F mutation, but not p.P286R and p.V411L hotspot mutations observed in other cancer types, was frequent in Chinese ovarian endometrioid carcinoma, but absent in other subtypes of ovarian carcinoma. These results implicated that POLE1 p.S297F mutation might be actively involved in the pathogenesis of ovarian endometrioid carcinoma, but might not be actively involved in other subtypes of ovarian carcinoma. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Micropole undulator

DOEpatents

Tatchyn, R.O.; Csonka, P.L.; Cremer, J.T.

1990-12-11

Micropole undulators for use in the generation of x-rays from moving charged particles are disclosed. Two rows of spaced apart poles are arranged so that each pole produces a magnetic field aligned with all other similar fields. The poles are the ends of C''-shaped magnets. In each row, adjacent poles are separated by spacers made of a superconducting material. 11 figs.

49 CFR 234.243 - Wire on pole line and aerial cable.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Wire on pole line and aerial cable. 234.243... Maintenance, Inspection, and Testing Maintenance Standards § 234.243 Wire on pole line and aerial cable. Wire... bracket supported by a pole or other support. Wire shall not interfere with, or be interfered with by...

49 CFR 234.243 - Wire on pole line and aerial cable.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Wire on pole line and aerial cable. 234.243... Maintenance, Inspection, and Testing Maintenance Standards § 234.243 Wire on pole line and aerial cable. Wire... bracket supported by a pole or other support. Wire shall not interfere with, or be interfered with by...

Electron holography study of magnetization behavior in the writer pole of a perpendicular magnetic recording head by a 1 MV transmission electron microscope.

PubMed

Hirata, Kei; Ishida, Yoichi; Akashi, Tetsuya; Shindo, Daisuke; Tonomura, Akira

2012-01-01

The magnetic domain structure of the writer poles of perpendicular magnetic recording heads was studied using electron holography. Although the domain structure of a 100-nm-thick writer pole could be observed with a 300 kV transmission electron microscope, that of the 250-nm-thick writer pole could not be analyzed due to the limited transmission capability of the instrument. On the other hand, the detailed domain structure of the 250-nm-thick writer pole was successfully analyzed by a 1 MV electron microscope using its high transmission capability. The thickness and material dependency of the domain structure of a writer pole were discussed.

Robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloureterostomy in infants with duplex systems and upper pole hydronephrosis: Variations in double-J ureteral stenting techniques.

PubMed

Baek, Minki; Au, Jason; Huang, Gene O; Koh, Chester J

2017-04-01

We describe our experience with robot-assisted laparoscopic (RAL) pyeloureterostomy in infants with duplex systems and upper pole hydronephrosis with an emphasis on the various double J (DJ) ureteral stent placement techniques. We used our RAL pyeloureterostomy technique in two female infants with duplex systems and upper pole hydronephrosis. For case 1, we introduced the DJ stent and placed it in the recipient lower pole ureter during the robotic operation in an antegrade fashion. For case 2, we inserted the DJ stent during retrograde pyelography prior to the robotic procedure in a retrograde fashion, and the proximal portion of the stent was placed across the anastomosis into the upper pole renal pelvis. Postoperatively, each of the patients were discharged on postoperative day 1 without complications. The postoperative renal ultrasound at 3 months demonstrated marked improvement of the right upper pole hydronephrosis in both patients. RAL pyeloureterostomy represents a minimally invasive option for upper tract reconstruction of duplex systems with upper pole hydronephrosis in infants. The DJ stent can be placed at the beginning or during the procedure. The stent can be placed in the lower pole ureter or across the anastomosis into the upper pole renal pelvis. Copyright © 2017 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Control of subterranean termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) infesting power poles.

PubMed

Horwood, Martin A; Westlake, Terry; Kathuria, Amrit

2010-12-01

A trial was conducted to determine the efficacy of termiticidal dusts (arsenic trioxide, triflumuron, and Metarhizium anisopliae), a timber fumigant (dazomet) and liquid termiticides (bifenthrin, chlorfenapyr, chlorpyrifos, fipronil, and imidacloprid) for controlling subterranean termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) infesting in-service power poles in New South Wales, Australia. Dusts were applied to parts of the pole where termites were present. Fumigant was inserted into holes drilled into the base of the pole. Liquid termiticides were mixed with soil around the base of the pole and injected into internal voids if present. Poles were inspected for up to 5 yr, and the time taken for reinfestation to occur was recorded. Before the start of the trial, the major Australian pole owners were surveyed to obtain an estimate of the annual national cost of termite infestation to the power supply industry. The annual costs of termite treatment and replacing damaged poles were estimated at AU$2 million and AU$13 million, respectively. Infestation rates were lower for all treatments compared with controls within the first 12 mo of the study. Dazomet, arsenic trioxide, fipronil, and chlorpyrifos were the most efficacious treatments. Efficacy was positively related to the amount of termiticide applied and negatively related to the infestation severity but was unaffected by geographical location. Survival curves were calculated of the time elapsed before the recurrence of termite infestations (survival absence of reinfestation). Survival was highest for poles treated with liquid termiticides.

Mechanical properties of small-scale laminated wood composite poles: effects of taper and webs

Treesearch

Cheng Piao; Todd F. Shupe; R.C. Tang; Chung Y. Hse

2006-01-01

Laminated hollow wood composite poles represent an efficient utilization of the timber resource and a promising alternative for solid poles that are commonly used in the power transmission and telecommunication lines. The objective of this study was to improve the performance of composite poles by introducing the bio-mimicry concept into the design of hollow wood...

49 CFR 236.71 - Signal wires on pole line and aerial cable.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Signal wires on pole line and aerial cable. 236.71... Instructions: All Systems Wires and Cables § 236.71 Signal wires on pole line and aerial cable. Signal wire on... pole or other support. Signal wire shall not interfere with, or be interfered by, other wires on the...

49 CFR 236.71 - Signal wires on pole line and aerial cable.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Signal wires on pole line and aerial cable. 236.71... Instructions: All Systems Wires and Cables § 236.71 Signal wires on pole line and aerial cable. Signal wire on... pole or other support. Signal wire shall not interfere with, or be interfered by, other wires on the...

A 100J-level nanosecond pulsed DPSSL for pumping high-efficiency, high-repetition rate PW-class lasers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

De Vido, M.; Ertel, K.; Mason, P. D.; Banerjee, S.; Phillips, P. J.; Smith, J. M.; Butcher, T. J.; Chekhlov, O.; Divoky, M.; Pilar, J.; Hooker, C.; Shaikh, W.; Lucianetti, A.; Hernandez-Gomez, C.; Mocek, T.; Edwards, C.; Collier, J. L.

2017-02-01

In this paper, we review the development, at the STFC's Central Laser Facility (CLF), of high energy, high repetition rate diode-pumped solid-state laser (DPSSL) systems based on cryogenically-cooled multi-slab ceramic Yb:YAG. Up to date, two systems have been completed, namely the DiPOLE prototype and the DiPOLE100 system. The DiPOLE prototype has demonstrated amplification of nanosecond pulses in excess of 10 J at 10 Hz repetition rate with an opticalto- optical efficiency of 22%. The larger scale DiPOLE100 system, designed to deliver 100J temporally-shaped nanosecond pulses at 10 Hz repetition rate, has been developed at the CLF for the HiLASE project in the Czech Republic. Recent experiments conducted on the DiPOLE100 system demonstrated the energy scalability of the DiPOLE concept to the 100 J pulse energy level. Furthermore, second harmonic generation experiments carried out on the DiPOLE prototype confirmed the suitability of DiPOLE-based systems for pumping high repetition rate PW-class laser systems based on Ti:sapphire or optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA) technology.

Self-Poling of BiFeO3 Thick Films.

PubMed

Khomyakova, Evgeniya; Sadl, Matej; Ursic, Hana; Daniels, John; Malic, Barbara; Bencan, Andreja; Damjanovic, Dragan; Rojac, Tadej

2016-08-03

Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) is difficult to pole because of the combination of its high coercive field and high electrical conductivity. This problem is particularly pronounced in thick films. The poling, however, must be performed to achieve a large macroscopic piezoelectric response. This study presents evidence of a prominent and reproducible self-poling effect in few-tens-of-micrometer-thick BiFeO3 films. Direct and converse piezoelectric measurements confirmed that the as-sintered BiFeO3 thick films yield d33 values of up to ∼20 pC/N. It was observed that a significant self-poling effect only appears in cases when the films are heated and cooled through the ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition (Curie temperature TC ∼ 820 °C). These self-poled films exhibit a microstructure with randomly oriented columnar grains. The presence of a compressive strain gradient across the film thickness cooled from above the TC was experimentally confirmed and is suggested to be responsible for the self-poling effect. Finally, the macroscopic d33 response of the self-poled BiFeO3 film was characterized as a function of the driving-field frequency and amplitude.

Study of the influence of the parameters of an experiment on the simulation of pole figures of polycrystalline materials using electron microscopy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Antonova, A. O., E-mail: aoantonova@mail.ru; Savyolova, T. I.

2016-05-15

A two-dimensional mathematical model of a polycrystalline sample and an experiment on electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) is considered. The measurement parameters are taken to be the scanning step and threshold grain-boundary angle. Discrete pole figures for materials with hexagonal symmetry have been calculated based on the results of the model experiment. Discrete and smoothed (by the kernel method) pole figures of the model sample and the samples in the model experiment are compared using homogeneity criterion χ{sup 2}, an estimate of the pole figure maximum and its coordinate, a deviation of the pole figures of the model in the experimentmore » from the sample in the space of L{sub 1} measurable functions, and the RP-criterion for estimating the pole figure errors. Is is shown that the problem of calculating pole figures is ill-posed and their determination with respect to measurement parameters is not reliable.« less

Molecular profiling and sequential somatic mutation shift in hypermutator tumours harbouring POLE mutations.

PubMed

Hatakeyama, Keiichi; Ohshima, Keiichi; Nagashima, Takeshi; Ohnami, Shumpei; Ohnami, Sumiko; Serizawa, Masakuni; Shimoda, Yuji; Maruyama, Koji; Akiyama, Yasuto; Urakami, Kenichi; Kusuhara, Masatoshi; Mochizuki, Tohru; Yamaguchi, Ken

2018-06-07

Defective DNA polymerase ε (POLE) proofreading leads to extensive somatic mutations that exhibit biased mutational properties; however, the characteristics of POLE-mutated tumours remain unclear. In the present study, we describe a molecular profile using whole exome sequencing based on the transition of somatic mutations in 10 POLE-mutated solid tumours that were obtained from 2,042 Japanese patients. The bias of accumulated variations in these mutants was quantified to follow a pattern of somatic mutations, thereby classifying the sequential mutation shift into three periods. During the period prior to occurrence of the aberrant POLE, bare accumulation of mutations in cancer-related genes was observed, whereas PTEN was highly mutated in conjunction with or subsequent to the event, suggesting that POLE and PTEN mutations were responsible for the development of POLE-mutated tumours. Furthermore, homologous recombination was restored following the occurrence of PTEN mutations. Our strategy for estimation of the footprint of somatic mutations may provide new insight towards the understanding of mutation-driven tumourigenesis.

Pole-Like Road Furniture Detection in Sparse and Unevenly Distributed Mobile Laser Scanning Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, F.; Lehtomäki, M.; Oude Elberink, S.; Vosselman, G.; Puttonen, E.; Kukko, A.; Hyyppä, J.

2018-05-01

Pole-like road furniture detection received much attention due to its traffic functionality in recent years. In this paper, we develop a framework to detect pole-like road furniture from sparse mobile laser scanning data. The framework is carried out in four steps. The unorganised point cloud is first partitioned. Then above ground points are clustered and roughly classified after removing ground points. A slicing check in combination with cylinder masking is proposed to extract pole-like road furniture candidates. Pole-like road furniture are obtained after occlusion analysis in the last stage. The average completeness and correctness of pole-like road furniture in sparse and unevenly distributed mobile laser scanning data was above 0.83. It is comparable to the state of art in the field of pole-like road furniture detection in mobile laser scanning data of good quality and is potentially of practical use in the processing of point clouds collected by autonomous driving platforms.

Theoretical analysis of optical poling and frequency doubling effect based on classical model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feng, Xi; Li, Fuquan; Lin, Aoxiang; Wang, Fang; Chai, Xiangxu; Wang, Zhengping; Zhu, Qihua; Sun, Xun; Zhang, Sen; Sun, Xibo

2018-03-01

Optical poling and frequency doubling effect is one of the effective manners to induce second order nonlinearity and realize frequency doubling in glass materials. The classical model believes that an internal electric field is built in glass when it's exposed by fundamental and frequency-doubled light at the same time, and second order nonlinearity appears as a result of the electric field and the orientation of poles. The process of frequency doubling in glass is quasi phase matched. In this letter, the physical process of poling and doubling process in optical poling and frequency doubling effect is deeply discussed in detail. The magnitude and direction of internal electric field, second order nonlinear coefficient and its components, strength and direction of frequency doubled output signal, quasi phase matched coupled wave equations are given in analytic expression. Model of optical poling and frequency doubling effect which can be quantitatively analyzed are constructed in theory, which set a foundation for intensive study of optical poling and frequency doubling effect.

Magnetic field adjustment structure and method for a tapered wiggler

DOEpatents

Halbach, Klaus

1988-03-01

An improved method and structure is disclosed for adjusting the magnetic field generated by a group of electromagnet poles spaced along the path of a charged particle beam to compensate for energy losses in the charged particles which comprises providing more than one winding on at least some of the electromagnet poles; connecting one respective winding on each of several consecutive adjacent electromagnet poles to a first power supply, and the other respective winding on the electromagnet pole to a different power supply in staggered order; and independently adjusting one power supply to independently vary the current in one winding on each electromagnet pole in a group whereby the magnetic field strength of each of a group of electromagnet poles may be changed in smaller increments.

Magnetic field adjustment structure and method for a tapered wiggler

DOEpatents

Halbach, Klaus

1988-01-01

An improved method and structure is disclosed for adjusting the magnetic field generated by a group of electromagnet poles spaced along the path of a charged particle beam to compensate for energy losses in the charged particles which comprises providing more than one winding on at least some of the electromagnet poles; connecting one respective winding on each of several consecutive adjacent electromagnet poles to a first power supply, and the other respective winding on the electromagnet pole to a different power supply in staggered order; and independently adjusting one power supply to independently vary the current in one winding on each electromagnet pole in a group whereby the magnetic field strength of each of a group of electromagnet poles may be changed in smaller increments.

Induction heating coupler and annealer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fox, Robert L. (Inventor); Johnson, Samuel D. (Inventor); Copeland, Carl E. (Inventor); Coultrip, Robert H. (Inventor); Phillips, W. Morris (Inventor); Johnston, David F. (Inventor); Swaim, Robert J. (Inventor); Dinkins, James R. (Inventor)

1994-01-01

An induction heating device includes a handle having a hollow interior and two opposite ends, a wrist connected to one end of the handle, a U-shaped pole piece having- two spaced apart ends, a tank circuit including an induction coil wrapped around the pole piece and a capacitor connected to the induction coil, a head connected to the wrist and including a housing for receiving the U-shaped pole piece, the two spaced apart ends of the pole piece extending outwardly beyond the housing, and a power source connected to the tank circuit. When the tank circuit is energized and a susceptor is placed in juxtaposition to the ends of the U-shaped pole piece, the susceptor is heated by induction heating due to a magnetic flux passing between the two ends of the pole piece.

Induction heating coupler

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fox, Robert L. (Inventor); Copeland, Carl E. (Inventor); Swaim, Robert J. (Inventor); Coultrip, Robert H. (Inventor); Johnston, David F. (Inventor); Phillips, W. Morris (Inventor); Johnson, Samuel D. (Inventor); Dinkins, James R. (Inventor); Buckley, John D. (Inventor)

1994-01-01

An induction heating device includes a handle having a hollow interior and two opposite ends, a wrist connected to one end of the handle, a U-shaped pole piece having two spaced apart ends, a tank circuit including an induction coil wrapped around the pole piece and a capacitor connected to the induction coil, a head connected to the wrist and including a housing for receiving the U-shaped pole piece, the two spaced apart ends of the pole piece extending outwardely beyond the housing, and a power source connected to the tank circuit. When the tank circuit is energized and a susceptor is placed in juxtaposition to the ends of the U-shaped pole piece, the susceptor is heated by induction heating due to magnetic flux passing between the two ends of the pole piece.

MULTIFOCAL CHOROIDITIS IN DISSEMINATED SPOROTRICHOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH HIV/AIDS.

PubMed

Biancardi, Ana L; Freitas, Dayvison F S; Valviesse, Vitor R G de A; Andrade, Hugo B; de Oliveira, Manoel M E; do Valle, Antonio C F; Zancope-Oliveira, Rosely M; Galhardo, Maria C G; Curi, Andre L L

2017-01-01

In this article, the authors describe multifocal choroiditis related to disseminated sporotrichosis in patients with HIV/AIDS. We conducted a retrospective observational study of three patients infected with HIV who presented with disseminated sporotrichosis characterized by cutaneous lesions, multifocal choroiditis, and other manifestations, including osteomyelitis and involvement of the bone marrow, larynx, pharynx, and nasal and oral mucosa. Five eyes of three patients with HIV/AIDS showed multifocal choroiditis related to disseminated sporotrichosis. The CD4 counts ranged from 25 to 53 mm. All patients were asymptomatic visually. The ocular disease was bilateral in two patients. The lesion size ranged from 1/3 to 2 disc diameters. None of the patients had vitritis. Of the 12 lesions, 9 were localized in the posterior pole (Zone 1) and 3 were localized in the mild periphery (Zone 2). Multifocal choroiditis due to disseminated sporotrichosis can occur in profoundly immunosuppressed patients with HIV/AIDS.

Effect of PF impregnation and surface densification on the mechanical properties of small-scale wood laminated poles

Treesearch

Huaqiang Yu; Chung Y. Hse; Zehui Jiang

2009-01-01

The wood poles in the United States are from high-valued trees that are becoming more expensive and less available. Wood laminated composite poles (LCP) are a kind of alternative to solid poles. Considerable interest has developed in last century in the resin impregnation and wood surface densification to improve its physical and mechanical properties. In this...

A Double-Pole High Voltage High Current Switch

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-12-01

NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited A DOUBLE- POLE HIGH...December 2005 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED Master’s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE: A Double- Pole High Voltage High Current Switch 6. AUTHOR(S...to divert heavy charged particles, e.g. Cu+. 15. NUMBER OF PAGES 68 14. SUBJECT TERMS Double- Pole , Pulse Forming Inductive Network, PFIN

Effect of Materials and Manufacturing on the Bending Stiffness of Vaulting Poles

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, C. L.; Kukureka, S. N.

2012-01-01

The increase in the world record height achieved in pole vaulting can be related to the improved ability of the athletes, in terms of their fitness and technique, and to the change in materials used to construct the pole. For example in 1960 there was a change in vaulting pole construction from bamboo to glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP)…

Finite element modeling of small-scale tapered wood-laminated composite poles with biomimicry features

Treesearch

Cheng Piao; Todd F. Shupe; R.C. Tang; Chung Y. Hse

2008-01-01

Tapered composite poles with biomimicry features as in bamboo are a new generation of wood laminated composite poles that may some day be considered as an alternative to solid wood poles that are widely used in the transmission and telecommunication fields. Five finite element models were developed with ANSYS to predict and assess the performance of five types of...

Prognostic Significance of POLE Proofreading Mutations in Endometrial Cancer

PubMed Central

Church, David N.; Stelloo, Ellen; Nout, Remi A.; Valtcheva, Nadejda; Depreeuw, Jeroen; ter Haar, Natalja; Noske, Aurelia; Amant, Frederic; Wild, Peter J.; Lambrechts, Diether; Jürgenliemk-Schulz, Ina M.; Jobsen, Jan J.; Smit, Vincent T. H. B. M.; Creutzberg, Carien L.; Bosse, Tjalling

2015-01-01

Background: Current risk stratification in endometrial cancer (EC) results in frequent over- and underuse of adjuvant therapy, and may be improved by novel biomarkers. We examined whether POLE proofreading mutations, recently reported in about 7% of ECs, predict prognosis. Methods: We performed targeted POLE sequencing in ECs from the PORTEC-1 and -2 trials (n = 788), and analyzed clinical outcome according to POLE status. We combined these results with those from three additional series (n = 628) by meta-analysis to generate multivariable-adjusted, pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of POLE-mutant ECs. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: POLE mutations were detected in 48 of 788 (6.1%) ECs from PORTEC-1 and-2 and were associated with high tumor grade (P < .001). Women with POLE-mutant ECs had fewer recurrences (6.2% vs 14.1%) and EC deaths (2.3% vs 9.7%), though, in the total PORTEC cohort, differences in RFS and CSS were not statistically significant (multivariable-adjusted HR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.13 to 1.37, P = .15; HR = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.03 to 1.44, P = .11 respectively). However, of 109 grade 3 tumors, 0 of 15 POLE-mutant ECs recurred, compared with 29 of 94 (30.9%) POLE wild-type cancers; reflected in statistically significantly greater RFS (multivariable-adjusted HR = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.001 to 0.84, P = .03). In the additional series, there were no EC-related events in any of 33 POLE-mutant ECs, resulting in a multivariable-adjusted, pooled HR of 0.33 for RFS (95% CI = 0.12 to 0.91, P = .03) and 0.26 for CSS (95% CI = 0.06 to 1.08, P = .06). Conclusion: POLE proofreading mutations predict favorable EC prognosis, independently of other clinicopathological variables, with the greatest effect seen in high-grade tumors. This novel biomarker may help to reduce overtreatment in EC. PMID:25505230

Influence of kinematic parameters on pole vault results in top juniors.

PubMed

Gudelj, Ines; Zagorac, Nebojsa; Babić, Vesna

2013-05-01

The aim of this research was to analyse the kinematic parameters and to ascertain the influence of those parameters on the pole vault result. The entity sample of the research consisted of successful vaults of 30 athletes, whose attempts were recorded at the European Junior Athletics Championships. The examinees performed the vaults as part of the qualification competition for the finale and the finale of the competition itself The examinees were 17-19 years old, and the range of their top results was from 4.90 to 5.30 m. The results of the regression analysis showed a significant influence of the predictor variables on the effective pole vault height. The centre of body mass height was mostly influenced by the following variables: TS - takeoff velocity, LSS - last step velocity, PSS - penultimate step velocity, TAPR - trunk angle at the moment of the pole release. The following variables had lesser, but still a significant influence: CBMDM - centre of body mass distance at the pole release moment, and MCMVV - time of pole straightening. Generally, the information gained by this research indicates the significant influence of the kinematic parameters on the pole vault result. Therefore, the conclusion is that the result efficacy in the pole vault is primarily determined by the variables defined by the motor capabilities, but also by the indicators determining the vault activity realization technique. The variables that define the body position during the pole release (trunk angle and centre of mass distance) have heomost significant influence on the vault performance technique, while the motor capabilities influence the last two run up steps velocity, take off speed and the time of pole straightening.

Diagnostics of Wooden Poles Situated in the Open - Air Museum Using Sonic Tomography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Makýš, Oto; Krušinský, Peter; Korenková, Renáta; Šrobárová, Dominika

2018-06-01

The paper deals with the lifetime of wooden poles, situated in the archaeological open-air museum Liptovská Mara - Havránok, which were erected outdoors about 12 years ago. It is aimed at diagnosing their condition using sonic tomography. The poles differ from each other in the location, anchorage, and positioning in terms of the terrain slope. Investigation was focused on the free-standing poles (quasi sacrifice poles) and the poles that are part of the fortification (gates and walls). Measurements were carried out using the device Fakopp ArborSonic 3D Sonic Tomograph that has 18 sensors. It measures the sonic response (sound velocity) in a tree stem. Sound wave velocity within sound wood depends on its species, moisture content, and the direction of measurement. Measurements brought remarkable results.

Pole orientation of 16 Psyche by two independent methods

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tedesco, E. F.; Taylor, R. C.

1985-01-01

Nineteen new lightcurves of 16 Psyche are presented along with a pole orientation derived using two independent methods, namely, photometric astrometry and magnitude-amplitude-shape-aspect. The pole orientations found using these two methods agree to within 4 deg. The results from applying photometric astrometry were prograde rotation, a sidereal period of 0.1748143 days + or - 0.0000003 days, and a pole at longitude 223 deg and latitude +37 deg, with an uncertainty of 10 deg, and, from applying magnitude-amplitude-shape-aspect a pole at 220 + or - 1 deg, +40 + or - 4 deg, and a modeled triaxial ellipsoid shape (a greater than b greater than c) and a/b = 1.33 + or - 0.07. The discrepancy between the high-pole latitude found here and the low latitudes reported by Lupishko et al. (1982) and Zhou and Yang (1982) is discussed.

Designated fiber stress for wood poles

Treesearch

Ronald W. Wolfe; Robert O. Kluge

2005-01-01

Wood poles have been used to support utility distribution lines for well over 100 years. Over that time, specifications for a “wood utility pole” have evolved from the closest available tree stem more than 15 ft in length to straight, durable timbers of lengths ranging up 125 ft and base diameters of as much as 27 in. The continued success of wood poles in this...

Ocean floor mounting of wave energy converters

DOEpatents

Siegel, Stefan G

2015-01-20

A system for mounting a set of wave energy converters in the ocean includes a pole attached to a floor of an ocean and a slider mounted on the pole in a manner that permits the slider to move vertically along the pole and rotate about the pole. The wave energy converters can then be mounted on the slider to allow adjustment of the depth and orientation of the wave energy converters.

Standard, Random, and Optimum Array conversions from Two-Pole resistance data

DOE PAGES

Rucker, D. F.; Glaser, Danney R.

2014-09-01

We present an array evaluation of standard and nonstandard arrays over a hydrogeological target. We develop the arrays by linearly combining data from the pole-pole (or 2-pole) array. The first test shows that reconstructed resistances for the standard Schlumberger and dipoledipole arrays are equivalent or superior to the measured arrays in terms of noise, especially at large geometric factors. The inverse models for the standard arrays also confirm what others have presented in terms of target resolvability, namely the dipole-dipole array has the highest resolution. In the second test, we reconstruct random electrode combinations from the 2-pole data segregated intomore » inner, outer, and overlapping dipoles. The resistance data and inverse models from these randomized arrays show those with inner dipoles to be superior in terms of noise and resolution and that overlapping dipoles can cause model instability and low resolution. Finally, we use the 2-pole data to create an optimized array that maximizes the model resolution matrix for a given electrode geometry. The optimized array produces the highest resolution and target detail. Thus, the tests demonstrate that high quality data and high model resolution can be achieved by acquiring field data from the pole-pole array.« less

Evaluation of three elevated mist-net systems for sampling birds

USGS Publications Warehouse

Meyers, J.M.; Pardieck, K.L.

1993-01-01

Three light-weight, low-canopy mist-net systems were developed and tested in dry tropical scrub, mangrove and forest habitats. One plastic (polyvinyl chloride) and two aluminum pole systems (with and without pulleys) were used to support mist nets to heights of up to 7.3 m. Although the aluminum telescoping-pole system (without pulleys) was expensive initially ( 79-141/unit (US)), its use reduced capture of nontarget species and may have increased capture of target species when compared with ground-level netting. In one year, its use also reduced labor costs by 756, which completely offset the higher cost of the aluminum telescoping-pole system when compared to the plastic-pole system ( 19/unit). Unlike the plastic-pole system, the aluminum telescoping-pole system was adjustable to any height within its range of 1.8 to 7.3 m, was 1.5 m higher, was more efficient to operate in the field, and was easily moved to new locations. For capture of psittacines, the pulleys of the aluminum telescoping-pole system were not necessary, but their use may assist in efficiently retrieving large numbers of birds from the nets. The aluminum telescoping-pole system was efficient in capturing psittacines, columbids, passerines and possibly chiropterans in habitats with canopies lt 10 m or in the forest subcanopy.

Utility pole crash modeling.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-02-01

Maine was recently ranked 9th in the nation concerning fatalities caused by collisions with utility poles based on : Miles of Travel. The number of collisions and fatalities can be reduced significantly with an updated Utility Pole : Placement Policy...

Fatigue failure and cracking in high mast poles.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-03-01

This report presents the findings of a comprehensive research project to investigate the fatigue : cracking and failure of galvanized high mast illumination poles (HMIP). Ultrasonic inspection of : poles throughout the state has revealed the presence...

Micropole undulator

DOEpatents

Csonka, P.L.; Tatchyn, R.O.

1989-01-24

Micropole undulators for use in the generation of x-rays from moving charged particles and methods for manufacturing such undulators are disclosed. One type of micropole undulator has two jaws containing rows of spaced apart poles arranged so that each pole produces a magnetic field aligned with all other similar fields. An external biasing field extends through the jaws so that an overall undulator field of substantially sinusoidal shape and substantially zero average value extends along the undulator axis. Preferably, the poles are bars formed of a magnetizable, but unmagnetized, material so that, after the jaws are assembled, all of the bars can be magnetized simultaneously in a uniform magnetic field of suitable strength. Another type of micropole undulator incorporates two parallel layers which have been magnetized to provide rows of alternating magnetic fields extending in opposite directions, the layers being positioned between the pole faces of a highly magnetically permeable material with the south poles of one layer opposite the north poles of the other. Poles in the layers are formed by subjecting successive regions of each layer to oppositely directed and suitably varied magnetizing forces. 16 figs.

Micropole undulator

DOEpatents

Csonka, Paul L.; Tatchyn, Roman O.

1989-01-24

Micropole undulators for use in the generation of x-rays from moving charged particles and methods for manufacturing such undulators are disclosed. One type of micropole undulator has two jaws containing rows of spaced apart poles arranged so that each pole produces a magnetic field aligned with all other similar fields. An external biasing field extends through the jaws so that an overall undulator field of substantially sinusoidal shape and substantially zero average value extends along the undulator axis. Preferably, the poles are bars formed of a magnetizable, but unmagnetized, material so that, after the jaws are assembled, all of the bars can be magnetized simultaneously in a uniform magnetic field of suitable strength. Another type of micropole undulator incorporates two parallel layers which have been magnetized to provide rows of alternating magnetic fields extending in opposite directions, the layers being positioned between the pole faces of a highly magnetically permeable material with the south poles of one layer opposite the north poles of the other. Poles in the layers are formed by subjecting successive regions of each layer to oppositely directed and suitably varied magnetizing forces.

Chromophore Poling in Thin Films of Organic Glasses. 2. Two-Electrode Corona Discharge Setup

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vilitis, O.; Muzikante, I.; Rutkis, M.; Vembris, A.

2012-01-01

In Part 1 of the article we provided description of the corona discharge physics and overview of the methods used for corona poling in thin organic films. Subsequent sections describe comparatively simple technical methods for poling the organic nonlinear optical polymers using a two-electrode (point-to-plate or wire-to-plate) technique. The polarization build-up was studied by the DC positive corona method for poling the nonlinear optical (NLO) polymers. The experimental setup provides the corona discharge current from 0.5 μA up to 3 μA by applying 3 kV - 12 kV voltage to the corona electrode and makes possible selection among the types of corona electrodes (needle, multi-needle, wire, etc.). The results of experimental testing of the poling setup show that at fixed optimal operational parameters of poling - the sample orientation temperature and the discharge current - the corona charging of polymeric materials can successfully be performed applying the two-electrode technique. To study the dynamics of both poling and charge transport processes the three-electrode charging system - a corona triode - should be applied.

MinD directly interacting with FtsZ at the H10 helix suggests a model for robust activation of MinC to destabilize FtsZ polymers.

PubMed

Taviti, Ashoka Chary; Beuria, Tushar Kant

2017-09-07

Cell division in bacteria is a highly controlled and regulated process. FtsZ, a bacterial cytoskeletal protein, forms a ring-like structure known as the Z-ring and recruits more than a dozen other cell division proteins. The Min system oscillates between the poles and inhibits the Z-ring formation at the poles by perturbing FtsZ assembly. This leads to an increase in the FtsZ concentration at the mid-cell and helps in Z-ring positioning. MinC, the effector protein, interferes with Z-ring formation through two different mechanisms mediated by its two domains with the help of MinD. However, the mechanism by which MinD triggers MinC activity is not yet known. We showed that MinD directly interacts with FtsZ with an affinity stronger than the reported MinC-FtsZ interaction. We determined the MinD-binding site of FtsZ using computational, mutational and biochemical analyses. Our study showed that MinD binds to the H10 helix of FtsZ. Single-point mutations at the charged residues in the H10 helix resulted in a decrease in the FtsZ affinity towards MinD. Based on our findings, we propose a novel model for MinCD-FtsZ interaction, where MinD through its direct interaction with FtsZ would trigger MinC activity to inhibit FtsZ functions. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society.

Static Multiple-Pole Homopolar Generator With a Superconducting Screen,

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-11-03

STANAR193-A OlCFILE GORY 00 FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIVISION STATIC MULTIPLE-POLE HOMOPOLAR GENERATOR WITH A SUPERC9ONDUCTING SCREEN by V.P. Kartsev, avld...November 1983 MICROFICHE MJR: FTD-83-C-001336 STATIC %fULTIPLE-POLE HOMOPOLAR GENERATOR WITH A SUPRCONDUCTING SCREEN By: V.P. Kartsev, and I.M. Yegorov...this translation were extracted from the best quality copy available. STATIC MULTIPLE-POLE HOMOPOLAR GENERATOR WITH A SUPERCONDUCTING SCREEN V.P

MOLA: Seasonal Snow Variations on Mars: Slow Flyover of the Martian North Pole

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

MOLA: Seasonal Snow Variations on Mars: Slow Flyover of the Martian North Pole: False Color. This is a visualization of the topography near the Martian north pole as measured with the MOLA instrument. This particular animation shows a slow zoom to the surface of the pole, a flyover of the polar cap and a slow zoom out. The surface color is based on the elevation of the topography.

DESIGN CONCEPT FOR AN ELEVATED SOUTH POLE STATION.

DTIC Science & Technology

Because of the failing condition of the present South Pole Station and the need for a station with a minimum life of 15 years, in 1960 the Laboratory...was requested to study design concepts for the South Pole Station. All concepts were to be com patible with the logistical and natural problems...composite design was selected as the most promising for the South Pole Station. Following this selection, a conceptual design was developed. The

Baryon transition form factors at the pole

DOE PAGES

Tiator, L.; Döring, M.; Workman, R. L.; ...

2016-12-21

Electromagnetic resonance properties are uniquely defined at the pole and do not depend on the separation of the resonance from background or the decay channel. Photon-nucleon branching ratios are nowadays often quoted at the pole, and we generalize the considerations to the case of virtual photons. In this paper, we derive and compare relations for nucleon to baryon transition form factors both for the Breit-Wigner and the pole positions. Using the MAID2007 and SAID SM08 partial wave analyses of pion electroproduction data, we compare themore » $$G_M$$, $$G_E$$, and $$G_C$$ form factors for the $$\\Delta(1232)$$ resonance excitation at the Breit-Wigner resonance and pole positions up to $Q^2=5$ GeV$^2$. We also explore the $E/M$ and $S/M$ ratios as functions of $Q^2$. Finally, for pole and residue extraction, we apply the Laurent + Pietarinen method.« less

Axial flux machine, stator and fabrication method

DOEpatents

Carl, Ralph James

2004-03-16

An axial flux machine comprises: a soft magnetic composite stator extension positioned in parallel with a rotor disk and having slots; soft magnetic composite pole pieces attached to the stator extension and facing a permanent magnet on the rotor disk, each comprising a protrusion situated within a respective one of the slots, each protrusion shaped so as to facilitate orientation of the respective pole piece with respect to the stator extension; electrical coils, each wrapped around a respective one of the pole pieces. In another embodiment the soft magnetic composite pole pieces each comprise a base portion around with the electrical coils are wound and a trapezoidal shield portion a plurality of heights with a first height in a first region being longer than a second height in a second region, the second region being closer to a pole-to-pole gap than the first region.

Mass spectrometer with magnetic pole pieces providing the magnetic fields for both the magnetic sector and an ion-type vacuum pump

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sieradski, L. M.; Giffin, C. E.; Nier, A. O. (Inventor)

1976-01-01

A mass spectrometer (MS) with unique magnetic pole pieces which provide a homogenous magnetic field across the gap of the MS magnetic sector as well as the magnetic field across an ion-type vacuum pump is disclosed. The pole pieces form the top and bottom sides of a housing. The housing is positioned so that portions of the pole pieces form part of the magnetic sector with the space between them defining the gap region of the magnetic sector, through which an ion beam passes. The pole pieces extend beyond the magnetic sector with the space between them being large enough to accommodate the electrical parts of an ion-type vacuum pump. The pole pieces which provide the magnetic field for the pump, together with the housing form the vacuum pump enclosure or housing.

Baryon transition form factors at the pole

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tiator, L.; Döring, M.; Workman, R. L.

Electromagnetic resonance properties are uniquely defined at the pole and do not depend on the separation of the resonance from background or the decay channel. Photon-nucleon branching ratios are nowadays often quoted at the pole, and we generalize the considerations to the case of virtual photons. In this paper, we derive and compare relations for nucleon to baryon transition form factors both for the Breit-Wigner and the pole positions. Using the MAID2007 and SAID SM08 partial wave analyses of pion electroproduction data, we compare themore » $$G_M$$, $$G_E$$, and $$G_C$$ form factors for the $$\\Delta(1232)$$ resonance excitation at the Breit-Wigner resonance and pole positions up to $Q^2=5$ GeV$^2$. We also explore the $E/M$ and $S/M$ ratios as functions of $Q^2$. Finally, for pole and residue extraction, we apply the Laurent + Pietarinen method.« less

Membrane recycling at the infranuclear pole of the outer hair cell

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Harasztosi, Csaba; Harasztosi, Emese; Gummer, Anthony W.

2015-12-01

Rapid endocytic activity of outer hair cells (OHCs) in the guinea-pig cochlea has been already studied using the fluorescent membrane marker FM1-43. It was demonstrated that vesicles were endocytosed at the apical pole of OHCs and transcytosed to the basolateral membrane and through a central strand towards the nucleus. The significance of endocytic activity in the infranuclear region is still not clear. Therefore, in this study endocytic activity at the synaptic pole of OHCs was investigated. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to visualize dye uptake of OHCs isolated from the guinea-pig cochlea. Signal intensity changes were quantified in the apical and basal poles relative to the signal at the membrane. Data showed no significant difference in fluorescent signal intensity changes between the opposite poles of the OHC. These results suggest that endocytic activities in both the basal and the apical poles contribute equally to the membrane recycling of OHCs.

Magnetic translator bearings

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hockney, Richard L. (Inventor); Downer, James R. (Inventor); Eisenhaure, David B. (Inventor); Hawkey, Timothy J. (Inventor); Johnson, Bruce G. (Inventor)

1990-01-01

A magnetic bearing system for enabling translational motion includes a carriage and a shaft for movably supporting the carriage; a first magnetic bearing fixed to one of the carriage and shaft and slidably received in a first channel of the other of the carriage and shaft. The first channel is generally U shaped with two side walls and a back wall. The magnetic bearing includes a pair of spaced magnetic pole pieces, each pole piece having a pair of electromagnetic coils mounted on poles on opposite ends of the pole piece proximate the side walls, and a third electromagnetic coil mounted on a pole of the pole piece proximate the backwall; a motion sensor for sensing translational motion along two axes and rotationally about three axes of the carriage and shaft relative to each other; and a correction circuit responsive to the sensor for generating a correction signal to drive the coils to compensate for any misalignment sensed between the carriage and the shaft.

Pigmented perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) arising from kidney: A case report.

PubMed

Du, Hexi; Zhou, Jun; Xu, Lingfan; Yang, Cheng; Zhang, Li; Liang, Chaozhao

2016-11-01

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is a mesenchymal neoplasm composed of perivascular epithelioid cells with clear to eosinophilic cytoplasm. Pigmented PEComa arising from kidney is extraordinarily rare and sometimes can exhibit aggressive biological behavior. We present here a rare case of pigmented renal PEComa in a 46-year-old female. The patient had complained of lumbago complicated with nausea and vomiting for 2 weeks and therefore was referred to our department. An enhanced computed scan revealed a 4 × 3 × 3 cm round-like mass in the lower pole of right kidney with inhomogeneous enhancement. The tumor cells immunestained was positive for HMB-45, focally positive for c-Kit (CD117), and negative for vimentin, S-100, AE1/AE3, CK-7, CK-18, CD-10, RCC antigen, CgA, DOG-1, EMA, smooth muscle actin, and synaptophysin. We successfully performed 3-dimensional laparoscopic resection of the neoplasm, which was then diagnosed as pigmented PEComa by postoperative pathology. No further growing lesion or metastasis was observed during a 1-year follow-up. This case report shows that pigmented renal PEComa is often presented as a renal mass with nonspecific symptoms and imaging features. The gold diagnosis of renal pigmented PEComa is mainly based on the combination of histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Complete resection by 3-dimensional laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery can be an effective therapeutic management.

Performance Analysis of a Pole and Tree Trunk Detection Method for Mobile Laser Scanning Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lehtomäki, M.; Jaakkola, A.; Hyyppä, J.; Kukko, A.; Kaartinen, H.

2011-09-01

Dense point clouds can be collected efficiently from large areas using mobile laser scanning (MLS) technology. Accurate MLS data can be used for detailed 3D modelling of the road surface and objects around it. The 3D models can be utilised, for example, in street planning and maintenance and noise modelling. Utility poles, traffic signs, and lamp posts can be considered an important part of road infrastructure. Poles and trees stand out from the environment and should be included in realistic 3D models. Detection of narrow vertical objects, such as poles and tree trunks, from MLS data was studied. MLS produces huge amounts of data and, therefore, processing methods should be as automatic as possible and for the methods to be practical, the algorithms should run in an acceptable time. The automatic pole detection method tested in this study is based on first finding point clusters that are good candidates for poles and then separating poles and tree trunks from other clusters using features calculated from the clusters and by applying a mask that acts as a model of a pole. The method achieved detection rates of 77.7% and 69.7% in the field tests while 81.0% and 86.5% of the detected targets were correct. Pole-like targets that were surrounded by other objects, such as tree trunks that were inside branches, were the most difficult to detect. Most of the false detections came from wall structures, which could be corrected in further processing.

47 CFR 32.2411 - Poles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Poles. 32.2411 Section 32.2411 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Balance Sheet Accounts § 32.2411 Poles. This account...

The relative contribution of ferroelastic and ferroelectric texture to the character of a hard PZT ceramic

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Key, Thomas Stallings

The development of ferroelastic (90°) texture in addition to ferroelectric (180°) texture is essential to maximizing the piezoelectric properties of many hard tetragonal PZTs, including Piezoetechnologies K270. Ferroelastic texture results from motion of domain walls that is dependent on an individual crystals orientation. Increases in ferroelastic texture raises the maximum net polarization that can be achieved by changes in ferroelectric texture. By studying a hard PZT poled under various temperature conditions, insight was gained into factors affecting the development of ferroelastic texture and how ferroelastic texture contributes to piezoelectric properties. Depinning proved to be the major barrier to preventing ferroelastic domain wall motion where strain based domain interactions and polar defect complexes on the domain level appear to be the dominant factors. Insight into the affect of increased domain texture on the relationship between the increasing magnitude of the remnant polarization (|Pr|) and the magnitude of the coercive field (|EC|) was gained by plotting |EC| vs. |Pr| as a function of poling time for a variety of poling temperatures. At low |Pr| values, |EC| increased rapidly as a function of increases in |Pr| regardless of the poling temperature. This relationship was characteristic of samples poled at 25 °C where increases in ferroelastic texture were largely suppressed. Because increases in polarization were still observable changes in ferroelectric texture most responsible for the polarization increase and like play a strong role in the initial |EC| vs. |Pr| relationship. As |Pr| increased beyond 5 to 8 iC/cm2, the slope of |EC| vs. |Pr| decreased where the reduction in slope increased with poling temperature. This only occurred in samples poled at elevated temperatures where ferroelastic texture was know to ultimately develop during the poling process, leading to the suggestion that the change in slope was due to increases in combined ferroelectric and ferroelastic texture. Lastly, it was found that electric field induced increases in ferroelectric texture by poling at 25 °C occurs while ferroelastic domain wall motion is largely suppressed. This change in ferroelectric texture severely hinders the rate at which subsequent ferroelastic domain wall motion can be induced during poling at elevated temperatures below TC, suggesting that hard PZT samples should be preheated to the poling temperature before poling begins.

Rare sleeve fracture of the superior patella pole in an adult due to forceful passive physiotherapy following cast immobilization.

PubMed

Ro, Kyung-Han; Park, Jong-Hoon; Kim, Myo-Jong; Lee, Dae-Hee

2014-03-01

Sleeve fractures are generally restricted to children or adolescents, and usually occur at the lower patella pole. Here we report on a superior pole sleeve fracture in an adult that occurred following forceful passive physiotherapy after cast immobilization. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a superior pole sleeve fracture in an otherwise healthy adult. The case highlighted that a diagnosis of a superior patella pole sleeve fracture in an adult can easily be missed because it is a rare injury, and hence is unlikely to be suspected by physicians. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Delivery of Fuel and Construction Materials to South Pole Station

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-07-01

AID-A270 431 Delivery of Fuel and Construction Materials to South Pole Station Stephen L. DenHartog and George L. Blaisdell July 993 DTIC ELECT S OCT...South Pole Station, ideally with minimal impact on the current science and operational program. The new station will require the delivery of massive...amounts of construction materials to this remote site. The existing means of delivering material and fuel to the South Pole include the use of specialized

Coordinated Ground and Space Measurements of Auroral Surge over South Pole.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-02-01

3y V. Coordinated Ground and Space Measurements of co an Auroral Surge over South Pole T. J. ROSENBERG and D. L. DETRICK Institute for Physical...Measurements of an Auroral Surge over South Pole 12. PERSONAL AUTHOR(S) Rosenberg, T. J., and DetrickD. L., University of Maryland; Mizera, Paul F., 13a. TYPE...premidnight auroral surge over Amundsen-Scott South Pole station. The set of near-simultaneous measurements provides an excellent opportunity to gain a

Dual-gate GaAs FET switches

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vorhaus, J. L.; Fabian, W.; Ng, P. B.; Tajima, Y.

1981-02-01

A set of multi-pole, multi-throw switch devices consisting of dual-gate GaAs FET's is described. Included are single-pole, single-throw (SPST), double-pole, double-throw (DPDT), and single-pole four-throw (SP4T) switches. Device fabrication and measurement techniques are discussed. The device models for these switches were based on an equivalent circuit of a dual-gate FET. The devices were found to have substantial gain in X-band and low Ku-band.

Lightweight extendable and retractable pole

DOEpatents

Warren, John L.; Brandt, James E.

1994-01-01

A lightweight extendable and retractable telescopic pole is disclosed comprising a plurality of non-metallic telescoping cylinders with sliding and sealing surfaces between the cylinders, a first plug member on the upper end of the smallest cylinder, and a second plug member on the lower end of the largest cylinder, whereby fluid pressure admitted to the largest cylinder will cause the telescoping cylinders to slide relative to one another causing the pole to extend. An elastomeric member connects the first plug member with one of the intermediate cylinders to urge the cylinders back into a collapsed position when the fluid pressure in the cylinders is vented. Annular elastomer members are provided which seal one cylinder to another when the pole is fully extended and further serve to provide a cushion to prevent damage to the cylinders when the pole is urged back into its retractable position by the elastomeric members and the venting of the pressure. A value mechanism associated with the pole is provided to admit a fluid under pressure to the interior of the telescoping cylinders of the pole while pressurizing a pressure relief port having an opening larger than the inlet port in a closed position whereby removal of the pressure on the relief port will cause the relief port to open to quickly lower the pressure in the interior of the telescoping cylinders to thereby assist in the rapid retraction of the extended pole.

Exonuclease mutations in DNA polymerase epsilon reveal replication strand specific mutation patterns and human origins of replication

PubMed Central

Shinbrot, Eve; Henninger, Erin E.; Weinhold, Nils; Covington, Kyle R.; Göksenin, A. Yasemin; Schultz, Nikolaus; Chao, Hsu; Doddapaneni, HarshaVardhan; Muzny, Donna M.; Gibbs, Richard A.; Sander, Chris; Pursell, Zachary F.

2014-01-01

Tumors with somatic mutations in the proofreading exonuclease domain of DNA polymerase epsilon (POLE-exo*) exhibit a novel mutator phenotype, with markedly elevated TCT→TAT and TCG→TTG mutations and overall mutation frequencies often exceeding 100 mutations/Mb. Here, we identify POLE-exo* tumors in numerous cancers and classify them into two groups, A and B, according to their mutational properties. Group A mutants are found only in POLE, whereas Group B mutants are found in POLE and POLD1 and appear to be nonfunctional. In Group A, cell-free polymerase assays confirm that mutations in the exonuclease domain result in high mutation frequencies with a preference for C→A mutation. We describe the patterns of amino acid substitutions caused by POLE-exo* and compare them to other tumor types. The nucleotide preference of POLE-exo* leads to increased frequencies of recurrent nonsense mutations in key tumor suppressors such as TP53, ATM, and PIK3R1. We further demonstrate that strand-specific mutation patterns arise from some of these POLE-exo* mutants during genome duplication. This is the first direct proof of leading strand-specific replication by human POLE, which has only been demonstrated in yeast so far. Taken together, the extremely high mutation frequency and strand specificity of mutations provide a unique identifier of eukaryotic origins of replication. PMID:25228659

Evolution of the Far-Infrared Cloud at Titan's South Pole

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jennings, Donald E.; Achterberg, R. K.; Cottini, V.; Anderson, C. M.; Flasar, F. M.; Nixon, C. A.; Bjoraker, G. L.; Kunde, V. G.; Carlson, R. C.; Guandique, E.;

Exclusion of assembled MreB by anionic phospholipids at cell poles confers cell polarity for bidirectional growth.

PubMed

Kawazura, Takuma; Matsumoto, Kanon; Kojima, Koki; Kato, Fumiya; Kanai, Tomomi; Niki, Hironori; Shiomi, Daisuke

2017-05-01

Cell polarity determines the direction of cell growth in bacteria. MreB actin spatially regulates peptidoglycan synthesis to enable cells to elongate bidirectionally. MreB densely localizes in the cylindrical part of the rod cell and not in polar regions in Escherichia coli. When treated with A22, which inhibits MreB polymerization, rod-shaped cells became round and MreB was diffusely distributed throughout the cytoplasmic membrane. A22 removal resulted in restoration of the rod shape. Initially, diffuse MreB started to re-assemble, and MreB-free zones were subsequently observed in the cytoplasmic membrane. These MreB-free zones finally became cell poles, allowing the cells to elongate bidirectionally. When MreB was artificially located at the cell poles, an additional pole was created, indicating that artificial localization of MreB at the cell pole induced local peptidoglycan synthesis. It was found that the anionic phospholipids (aPLs), phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin, which were enriched in cell poles preferentially interact with monomeric MreB compared with assembled MreB in vitro. MreB tended to localize to cell poles in cells lacking both aPLs, resulting in production of Y-shaped cells. Their findings indicated that aPLs exclude assembled MreB from cell poles to establish cell polarity, thereby allowing cells to elongate in a particular direction. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Lightweight extendable and retractable pole

DOEpatents

Warren, J.L.; Brandt, J.E.

1994-08-02

A lightweight extendable and retractable telescopic pole is disclosed comprising a plurality of non-metallic telescoping cylinders with sliding and sealing surfaces between the cylinders, a first plug member on the upper end of the smallest cylinder, and a second plug member on the lower end of the largest cylinder, whereby fluid pressure admitted to the largest cylinder will cause the telescoping cylinders to slide relative to one another causing the pole to extend. An elastomeric member connects the first plug member with one of the intermediate cylinders to urge the cylinders back into a collapsed position when the fluid pressure in the cylinders is vented. Annular elastomer members are provided which seal one cylinder to another when the pole is fully extended and further serve to provide a cushion to prevent damage to the cylinders when the pole is urged back into its retractable position by the elastomeric members and the venting of the pressure. A value mechanism associated with the pole is provided to admit a fluid under pressure to the interior of the telescoping cylinders of the pole while pressurizing a pressure relief port having an opening larger than the inlet port in a closed position whereby removal of the pressure on the relief port will cause the relief port to open to quickly lower the pressure in the interior of the telescoping cylinders to thereby assist in the rapid retraction of the extended pole. 18 figs.

Histopathological features of endometrial carcinomas associated with POLE mutations: implications for decisions about adjuvant therapy.

PubMed

Bakhsh, Salwa; Kinloch, Mary; Hoang, Lien N; Soslow, Robert A; Köbel, Martin; Lee, Cheng-Han; McAlpine, Jessica N; McConechy, Melissa K; Gilks, C Blake

2016-05-01

To characterize the histomorphological features of endometrial carcinomas (ECs) harbouring polymerase ε (POLE) mutations. Forty-three ECs with POLE mutations were compared with a cohort of 202 ECs. Most POLE-mutated ECs were endometrioid [34/43 (79%)]; the remaining tumours were mixed [6/43 (14%)], serous [2/43 (5%)], and clear cell [1/43 (2%)]. The endometrioid carcinomas were predominantly International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics grade 3 (27/43, 63%). The histotype distribution did not differ from that of control ECs (P = 0.69), but the grade of the EC was higher (P < 0.0005). Both nuclear grade and mitotic index were significantly higher in POLE-mutated ECs than in the comparison cohort. POLE-mutated ECs were associated with peritumoral lymphocytes and numerous tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes. Lymphovascular invasion was present in 20 of 43 tumours. Adjuvant radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy would be offered in up to 80% and 40% of patients, respectively, on the basis of stage, grade, lymphovascular invasion, and histotype. POLE-mutated ECs are typically of high grade, with prominent lymphocytic infiltration, but they are not sufficiently distinctive to allow accurate diagnosis based on routine haematoxylin and eosin staining. Even though POLE-mutated tumours are associated with an excellent prognosis, current guidelines for giving adjuvant treatment for EC result in most patients receiving adjuvant therapy. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

JND measurements of the speech formants parameters and its implication in the LPC pole quantization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Orgad, Yaakov

1988-08-01

The inherent sensitivity of auditory perception is explicitly used with the objective of designing an efficient speech encoder. Speech can be modelled by a filter representing the vocal tract shape that is driven by an excitation signal representing glottal air flow. This work concentrates on the filter encoding problem, assuming that excitation signal encoding is optimal. Linear predictive coding (LPC) techniques were used to model a short speech segment by an all-pole filter; each pole was directly related to the speech formants. Measurements were made of the auditory just noticeable difference (JND) corresponding to the natural speech formants, with the LPC filter poles as the best candidates to represent the speech spectral envelope. The JND is the maximum precision required in speech quantization; it was defined on the basis of the shift of one pole parameter of a single frame of a speech segment, necessary to induce subjective perception of the distortion, with .75 probability. The average JND in LPC filter poles in natural speech was found to increase with increasing pole bandwidth and, to a lesser extent, frequency. The JND measurements showed a large spread of the residuals around the average values, indicating that inter-formant coupling and, perhaps, other, not yet fully understood, factors were not taken into account at this stage of the research. A future treatment should consider these factors. The average JNDs obtained in this work were used to design pole quantization tables for speech coding and provided a better bit-rate than the standard quantizer of reflection coefficient; a 30-bits-per-frame pole quantizer yielded a speech quality similar to that obtained with a standard 41-bits-per-frame reflection coefficient quantizer. Owing to the complexity of the numerical root extraction system, the practical implementation of the pole quantization approach remains to be proved.

Integrated 3D printing and corona poling process of PVDF piezoelectric films for pressure sensor application

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Hoejin; Torres, Fernando; Wu, Yanyu; Villagran, Dino; Lin, Yirong; Tseng, Tzu-Liang(Bill

2017-08-01

This paper presents a novel process to fabricate piezoelectric films from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer using integrated fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing and corona poling technique. Corona poling is one of many effective poling processes that has received attention to activate PVDF as a piezoelectric responsive material. The corona poling process occurs when a PVDF polymer is exposed to a high electric field created and controlled through an electrically charged needle and a grid electrode under heating environment. FDM 3D printing has seen extensive progress in fabricating thermoplastic materials and structures, including PVDF. However, post processing techniques such as poling is needed to align the dipoles in order to gain piezoelectric properties. To further simplify the piezoelectric sensors and structures fabrication process, this paper proposes an integrated 3D printing process with corona poling to fabricate piezoelectric PVDF sensors without post poling process. This proposed process, named ‘Integrated 3D Printing and Corona poling process’ (IPC), uses the 3D printer’s nozzle and heating bed as anode and cathode, respectively, to create poling electric fields in a controlled heating environment. The nozzle travels along the programmed path with fixed distance between nozzle tip and sample’s top surface. Simultaneously, the electric field between the nozzle and bottom heating pad promotes the alignment of dipole moment of PVDF molecular chains. The crystalline phase transformation and output current generated by printed samples under different electric fields in this process were characterized by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and through fatigue load frame. It is demonstrated that piezoelectric PVDF films with enhanced β-phase percentage can be fabricated using the IPC process. In addition, mechanical properties of printed PVDF was investigated by tensile testing. It is expected to expand the use of additive manufacturing to fabricate piezoelectric PVDF-based devices for applications such as sensing and energy harvesting.

Pole movement in electronic and optoelectronic oscillators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chatterjee, S.; Pal, S.; Biswas, B. N.

2013-12-01

An RLC circuit with poles on the left half of the complex frequency plane is capable of executing transient oscillations. During this period, energy conversion from potential to kinetic and from kinetic to potential continuously goes on, until the stored energy is lost in dissipation through the resistance. On the other hand, in an electronic or opto-electronic oscillator with an embedded RLC circuit, the poles are forcibly placed on the right-half plane (RHP) and as far as practicable away from the imaginary axis in order to help the growth of oscillation as quickly as possible. And ultimately, it is imagined that, like the case of an ideal linear harmonic oscillator, the poles are frozen on the imaginary axis so that the oscillation neither grows nor decays. The authors feel that this act of holding the poles right on the imaginary axis is a theoretical conjecture in a soft or hard self-excited oscillator. In this article, a detailed discussion on pole movement in an electronic and opto-electronic oscillator is carried out from the basic concept. A new analytical method for estimating the time-dependent part of the pole is introduced here.

Electromagnetic Radial Forces in a Hybrid Eight-Stator-Pole, Six-Rotor-Pole Bearingless Switched-Reluctance Motor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morrison, Carlos R.; Siebert, Mark W.; Ho, Eric J.

2007-01-01

Analysis and experimental measurement of the electromagnet force loads on the hybrid rotor in a novel bearingless switched-reluctance motor (BSRM) have been performed. A BSRM has the combined characteristics of a switched-reluctance motor and a magnetic bearing. The BSRM has an eight-pole stator and a six-pole hybrid rotor, which is composed of circular and scalloped lamination segments. The hybrid rotor is levitated using only one set of stator poles. A second set of stator poles imparts torque to the scalloped portion of the rotor, which is driven in a traditional switched reluctance manner by a processor. Analysis was done for nonrotating rotor poles that were oriented to achieve maximum and minimum radial force loads on the rotor. The objective is to assess whether simple one-dimensional magnetic circuit analysis is sufficient for preliminary evaluation of this machine, which may exhibit strong three-dimensional electromagnetic field behavior. Two magnetic circuit geometries, approximating the complex topology of the magnetic fields in and around the hybrid rotor, were employed in formulating the electromagnetic radial force equations. Reasonable agreement between the experimental results and the theoretical predictions was obtained with typical magnetic bearing derating factors applied to the predictions.

Simplified Model to Predict Deflection and Natural Frequency of Steel Pole Structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Balagopal, R.; Prasad Rao, N.; Rokade, R. P.

2018-04-01

Steel pole structures are suitable alternate to transmission line towers, due to difficulty encountered in finding land for the new right of way for installation of new lattice towers. The steel poles have tapered cross section and they are generally used for communication, power transmission and lighting purposes. Determination of deflection of steel pole is important to decide its functionality requirement. The excessive deflection of pole may affect the signal attenuation and short circuiting problems in communication/transmission poles. In this paper, a simplified method is proposed to determine both primary and secondary deflection based on dummy unit load/moment method. The predicted deflection from proposed method is validated with full scale experimental investigation conducted on 8 m and 30 m high lighting mast, 132 and 400 kV transmission pole and found to be in close agreement with each other. Determination of natural frequency is an important criterion to examine its dynamic sensitivity. A simplified semi-empirical method using the static deflection from the proposed method is formulated to determine its natural frequency. The natural frequency predicted from proposed method is validated with FE analysis results. Further the predicted results are validated with experimental results available in literature.

The Effect of Poling on the Properties of 0.65Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.35PbTiO3 Ceramics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Uršič, Hana; Tellier, Jenny; Hrovat, Marko; Holc, Janez; Drnovšek, Silvo; Bobnar, Vid; Alguero, Miguel; Kosec, Marija

2011-03-01

The effects of the poling field on the structural and electrical properties of 0.65Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.35PbTiO3 (0.65PMN-0.35PT) ceramics were investigated. The highest piezoelectric coefficient d33, coupling coefficients kp, kt, and mechanical quality factor Qm were achieved for ceramics poled at electric fields between 2 and 3.5 kV/mm, whereas the d33, kp, kt, and Qm of ceramics poled at higher electric fields, i.e., 4 and 4.5 kV/mm, were lower. The non-poled ceramics contained 86% of the monoclinic phase with the space group Pm and 14% of the tetragonal phase with the space group P4mm. However, the ceramics poled at 2.5 kV/mm contained 99% of the monoclinic phase and the rest is the tetragonal phase. The results show that the ratio of the monoclinic to the tetragonal phases can be changed by the application of a poling electric field and that the extent of this change is dependent on the field strength.

[Clinical characteristic and treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in 80 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome].

PubMed

Yang, Yaling; Jiang, Rui; He, Taiwen; Lu, Hongzhou; Zhang, Renfang; Shen, Yinzhong; Zheng, Yufang; Liu, Li; Wang, Wenji

2014-03-01

To investigate the clinical characteristics of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. Retrospective case-series study. The clinical and laboratory data of 80 AIDS patients (118 eyes) with findings of CMVR were collected from Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from December 2006 to December 2011. The relationship between CMVR and cellular immunity, the high risk factor, clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of CMVR were analyzed in this study. χ(2) test was used to check the incidence of CMVR in different CD4(+) T lymphocyte count groups. There was 80 AIDS patients (118 eyes) totally, 71 males and 9 females. Their age was from 18 to 60 years old, which mean value was (38 ± 10) years old. The incidence in the group of CD4(+) T lymphocyte count over 100 cells/µl was lower than the two groups of CD4(+) T lymphocyte count less than 100 cells/µl (χ(2) = 15.567, 32.469; P = 0.00,0.00). CD4(+) T lymphocyte count was always ranged from 0 to 141 cells/µl in CMVR patients. It was less than 50 cells/µl in 81.3% cases. In 10.0% AIDS patients, CMVR was the first manifestation. In 25% AIDS patients(26 eyes), lesions in retina was found by routine eye examination. In 54.2% patients, the best corrected visual acuity was less than 0.3. Retinal necrosis was involvement near the posterior pole in 62.5% CMVR patients. The visual acuity of 51 eyes was improved after treatment within 94.1% cases which were treated within 3 months. However, BCVA of 35 eyes decreased or with less change within 42.9% cases which were treated after symptoms appeared 3 months. The anti-CMV treatment included induction and maintenance of ganciclovir or foscarnet stopped when the CD4(+)T lymphocyte count was more than 150 cells/µl in 3 continuous months. 86.9% eyes were cured clinically. Retinal detachment, immune reconstitution uveitis and complicated cataract was found in 13.1%, 12.1% and 20.5% cases respectively. Optic atrophy occurred in 6 eyes. The visual acuity of 28.9% eyes was 0.05 or less, 71.3% of that caused by retinal detachment, cataract and optic atrophy. CD4(+) T lymphocyte count reduction is the risk factor for CMVR. HAART and anti-CMV therapy will cure the CMVR clinically.Routine eye examinations should be performed in all AIDS patients to get early diagnosis of CMVR or other opportunistic infections to avoid vision loss, especially in those CD4(+) T lymphocyte count lower than 100 cells/µl.

Collecting Micrometeorites from the South Pole Water Well

DTIC Science & Technology

1997-05-01

Susan Taylor, James H. Lever, Ralph P. Harvey, and May 1997 John Govoni C R R EL R EP O R T 9 7 -1 Collecting Micrometeorites from the South Pole ...Water Well Abstract: A collector was designed and built to retrieve micrometeorites from the floor of the South Pole Water Well. The large volume of...firn and ice being melted for the well and the low component of terrestrial material in Antarctic ice make the South Pole Water Well an ideal place to

Role of Rad23 and Dsk2 in Nucleotide Excision Repair and Spindle Pole Body Duplication

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-03-01

AD Award Number: W81XWH-05-1-0310 TITLE: Role of Rad23 and Dsk2 in Nucleotide Excision Repair and Spindle Pole Body Duplication PRINCIPAL...Feb 2006 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Role of Rad23 and Dsk2 in Nucleotide Excision Repair and Spindle Pole Body Duplication Sb. GRANT...Degradation, Cell Cycle, Spindle Pole Body 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION 18. NUMBER 19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON OF ABSTRACT OF

The Derivation of Simple Poles in a Transfer Function from Real Frequency Information. Part 3. Object Classification and Identification,

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-01-10

This report is the third in a series of three that evaluate a technique (frequency-domain Prony) for obtaining the poles of a transfer function. The...main objective was to assess the feasibility of classifying or identifying ship-like targets by using pole sets derived from frequency-domain data. A...predictor-correlator procedure for using spectral data and library pole sets for this purpose was developed. Also studied was an iterative method for

Dimensionally regularized Tsallis' statistical mechanics and two-body Newton's gravitation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zamora, J. D.; Rocca, M. C.; Plastino, A.; Ferri, G. L.

2018-05-01

Typical Tsallis' statistical mechanics' quantifiers like the partition function and the mean energy exhibit poles. We are speaking of the partition function Z and the mean energy 〈 U 〉 . The poles appear for distinctive values of Tsallis' characteristic real parameter q, at a numerable set of rational numbers of the q-line. These poles are dealt with dimensional regularization resources. The physical effects of these poles on the specific heats are studied here for the two-body classical gravitation potential.

On the Physical Realizability of Broad-Band Equivalent Circuits for Wire Loop and Dipole Antennas.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-05-01

found numerically, the task of grouping the poles by eigenmodes is much more difficult. For a complex object where the poles are experimentally . ived...structure is PR or can be made PR, then when all the poles for the structure are grouped the low frequency non -PR character of the higher poles are...the quarter point of the wire, some non -PR results are discovered. These groupings are indicated in Figures 45 through 49. The postulated eigenmode

Control pole placement relationships

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ainsworth, O. R.

1982-01-01

Using a simplified Large Space Structure (LSS) model, a technique was developed which gives algebraic relationships for the unconstrained poles. The relationships, which were obtained by this technique, are functions of the structural characteristics and the control gains. Extremely interesting relationships evolve for the case when the structural damping is zero. If the damping is zero, the constrained poles are uncoupled from the structural mode shapes. These relationships, which are derived for structural damping and without structural damping, provide new insight into the migration of the unconstrained poles for the CFPPS.

Importance of double-pole CFS-PML for broad-band seismic wave simulation and optimal parameters selection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feng, Haike; Zhang, Wei; Zhang, Jie; Chen, Xiaofei

2017-05-01

The perfectly matched layer (PML) is an efficient absorbing technique for numerical wave simulation. The complex frequency-shifted PML (CFS-PML) introduces two additional parameters in the stretching function to make the absorption frequency dependent. This can help to suppress converted evanescent waves from near grazing incident waves, but does not efficiently absorb low-frequency waves below the cut-off frequency. To absorb both the evanescent wave and the low-frequency wave, the double-pole CFS-PML having two poles in the coordinate stretching function was developed in computational electromagnetism. Several studies have investigated the performance of the double-pole CFS-PML for seismic wave simulations in the case of a narrowband seismic wavelet and did not find significant difference comparing to the CFS-PML. Another difficulty to apply the double-pole CFS-PML for real problems is that a practical strategy to set optimal parameter values has not been established. In this work, we study the performance of the double-pole CFS-PML for broad-band seismic wave simulation. We find that when the maximum to minimum frequency ratio is larger than 16, the CFS-PML will either fail to suppress the converted evanescent waves for grazing incident waves, or produce visible low-frequency reflection, depending on the value of α. In contrast, the double-pole CFS-PML can simultaneously suppress the converted evanescent waves and avoid low-frequency reflections with proper parameter values. We analyse the different roles of the double-pole CFS-PML parameters and propose optimal selections of these parameters. Numerical tests show that the double-pole CFS-PML with the optimal parameters can generate satisfactory results for broad-band seismic wave simulations.

Characterizing the ear canal acoustic reflectance and impedance by pole-zero fitting

PubMed Central

Robinson, Sarah R.; Nguyen, Cac T.; Allen, Jont B.

2013-01-01

This study characterizes middle ear complex acoustic reflectance (CAR) and impedance by fitting poles and zeros to real-ear measurements. The goal of this work is to establish a quantitative connection between pole-zero locations and the underlying physical properties of CAR data. Most previous studies have analyzed CAR magnitude; while the magnitude accounts for reflected power, it does not encode latency information. Thus, an analysis that studies the real and imaginary parts of the data together could be more powerful. Pole-zero fitting of CAR data is examined using data compiled from various studies, dating back to Voss and Allen (1994). Recent CAR measurements were taken using a middle ear acoustic power analyzer (MEPA) system (HearID, Mimosa Acoustics), which makes complex acoustic impedance and reflectance measurements in the ear canal over the 0.2 to 6.0 kHz frequency range. Pole-zero fits to measurements over this range are achieved with an average RMS relative error of less than 3% using 12 poles. Factoring the reflectance fit into its all-pass and minimum-phase components approximates the effect of the ear canal, allowing for comparison across measurements. It was found that individual CAR magnitude variations for normal middle ears in the 1 to 4 kHz range often give rise to closely-placed pole-zero pairs, and that the locations of the poles and zeros in the s-plane may differ between normal and pathological middle ears. This study establishes a methodology for examining the physical and mathematical properties of CAR using a concise parametric model. Pole-zero modeling shows promise for precise parameterization of CAR data and for identification of middle ear pathologies. PMID:23524141

A Dynamic Response Regulator Protein Modulates G-Protein–Dependent Polarity in the Bacterium Myxococcus xanthus

PubMed Central

Zhang, Yong; Guzzo, Mathilde; Ducret, Adrien; Li, Yue-Zhong; Mignot, Tâm

2012-01-01

Migrating cells employ sophisticated signal transduction systems to respond to their environment and polarize towards attractant sources. Bacterial cells also regulate their polarity dynamically to reverse their direction of movement. In Myxococcus xanthus, a GTP-bound Ras-like G-protein, MglA, activates the motility machineries at the leading cell pole. Reversals are provoked by pole-to-pole switching of MglA, which is under the control of a chemosensory-like signal transduction cascade (Frz). It was previously known that the asymmetric localization of MglA at one cell pole is regulated by MglB, a GTPase Activating Protein (GAP). In this process, MglB specifically localizes at the opposite lagging cell pole and blocks MglA localization at that pole. However, how MglA is targeted to the leading pole and how Frz activity switches the localizations of MglA and MglB synchronously remained unknown. Here, we show that MglA requires RomR, a previously known response regulator protein, to localize to the leading cell pole efficiently. Specifically, RomR-MglA and RomR-MglB complexes are formed and act complementarily to establish the polarity axis, segregating MglA and MglB to opposite cell poles. Finally, we present evidence that Frz signaling may regulate MglA localization through RomR, suggesting that RomR constitutes a link between the Frz-signaling and MglAB polarity modules. Thus, in Myxococcus xanthus, a response regulator protein governs the localization of a small G-protein, adding further insight to the polarization mechanism and suggesting that motility regulation evolved by recruiting and combining existing signaling modules of diverse origins. PMID:22916026

Mechanical Energy and Propulsion in Ergometer Double Poling by Cross-country Skiers.

PubMed

Danielsen, Jørgen; Sandbakk, Øyvind; Holmberg, Hans-Christer; Ettema, Gertjan

2015-12-01

This study aims to investigate fluctuations in total mechanical energy of the body (Ebody) in relation to external ergometer work (Werg) during the poling and recovery phases of simulated double-poling cross-country skiing. Nine male cross-country skiers (mean ± SD age, 24 ± 5 yr; mean ± SD body mass, 81.7 ± 6.5 kg) performed 4-min submaximal tests at low-intensity, moderate-intensity, and high-intensity levels and a 3-min all-out test on a ski ergometer. Motion capture analysis and load cell recordings were used to measure body kinematics and dynamics. From these, Werg, Ebody (sum of the translational, rotational, and gravitational potential energies of all segments), and their time differentials (power P) were calculated. Ptot--the rate of energy absorption or generation by muscles-tendons--was defined as the sum of Pbody and Perg. Ebody showed large fluctuations over the movement cycle, decreasing during poling and increasing during the recovery phase. The fluctuation in Pbody was almost perfectly out of phase with Perg. Some muscle-tendon energy absorption was observed at the onset of poling. For the rest of poling and throughout the recovery phase, muscles-tendons generated energy to do Werg and to increase Ebody. Approximately 50% of cycle Ptot occurred during recovery for all intensity levels. In double poling, the extensive contribution of the lower extremities and trunk to whole-body muscle-tendon work during recovery facilitates a "direct" transfer of Ebody to Werg during the poling phase. This observation reveals that double poling involves a unique movement pattern different from most other forms of legged terrestrial locomotion, which are characterized primarily by inverted pendulum or spring-mass types of movement.

Elimination of Lifetime Limiting Mechanism of Hall Thrusters

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jacobson, David T. (Inventor); Manzella, David H. (Inventor)

2009-01-01

A Hall thruster includes inner and outer electromagnets, with the outer electromagnet circumferentially surrounding the inner electromagnet along a centerline axis and separated therefrom, inner and outer poles, in physical connection with their respective inner and outer electromagnets, with the inner pole having a mostly circular shape and the outer pole having a mostly annular shape, a discharge chamber separating the inner and outer poles, a combined anode electrode/gaseous propellant distributor, located at an upstream portion of the discharge chamber and supplying propellant gas and an actuator, in contact with a sleeve portion of the discharge chamber. The actuator is configured to extend the sleeve portion or portions of the discharge chamber along the centerline axis with respect to the inner and outer poles.

Cassini Returns to Saturn's Poles: Seasonal Change in the Polar Vortices

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fletcher, Leigh N.; Orton, G. S.; Irwin, P. G. J.; Sinclair, J. A.; Hesman, B. E.; Hurley, J.; Bjoraker, G. L.; Simon-Miller, A. A.

2013-01-01

High inclination orbits during Cassini's solstice mission (2012) are providing us with our first observations of Saturn's high latitudes since the prime mission (2007). Since that time, the northern spring pole has emerged into sunlight and the southern autumn pole has disappeared into winter darkness, allowing us to study the seasonal changes occurring within the polar vortices in response to these dramatic insolation changes. Observations from the Cassini Composite Infrared Spectrometer] have revealed (i) the continued presence of small, cyclonic polar hotspots at both spring and autumn poles; and (ii) the emergence of an infrared-bright polar vortex at the north pole, consistent with the historical record of Saturn observations from the 1980s (previous northern spring).

Derivation of nominal strength for wood utility poles

Treesearch

Ronald W. Wolfe; Jozsef Bodig; Patricia Lebow

2001-01-01

The designated fiber stress values published in the American National Standards Institute Standard for Poles, ANSI 05.1, no longer reflect the state of the knowledge. These values are based on a combination of test data from small clear wood samples and small poles (

Repair of impact damaged utility poles with fiber reinforced polymers (FRP), phase II : [summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-04-01

The aluminum and steel utility poles which support traffic signals, lighting, or mast-arm signs : are vulnerable to collisions from vehicles because of proximity to roadways. Removing these : poles for repair is costly and time-consuming, and removal...

47 CFR 32.2411 - Poles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Poles. 32.2411 Section 32.2411 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS... also include the cost of clearing pole line routes and of tree trimming but shall exclude the cost of...

Quasi-normal modes of holographic system with Weyl correction and momentum dissipation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Jian-Pin; Liu, Peng

2018-05-01

We study the charge response in complex frequency plane and the quasi-normal modes (QNMs) of the boundary quantum field theory with momentum dissipation dual to a probe generalized Maxwell system with Weyl correction. When the strength of the momentum dissipation α ˆ is small, the pole structure of the conductivity is similar to the case without the momentum dissipation. The qualitative correspondence between the poles of the real part of the conductivity of the original theory and the ones of its electromagnetic (EM) dual theory approximately holds when γ → - γ with γ being the Weyl coupling parameter. While the strong momentum dissipation alters the pole structure such that most of the poles locate at the purely imaginary axis. At this moment, the correspondence between the poles of the original theory and its EM dual one is violated when γ → - γ. In addition, for the dominant pole, the EM duality almost holds when γ → - γ for all α ˆ except for a small region of α ˆ .

Analytical saturated domain orientation textures and electromechanical properties of ferroelectric ceramics due to electric/mechanical poling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, F. X.; Rajapakse, R. K. N. D.

2007-03-01

Saturated domain orientation textures of three types of pseudocubic (tetragonal, rhombohedral, and orthorhombic) ferroelectric ceramics after complete electric and uniaxial tension (compression) poling is studied analytically in this paper. A one-dimensional orientation distribution function (ODF) of the domain polar vectors is explicitly derived from the uniform inverse pole figures of the poling field axes on a stereographic projection with respect to the fixed crystallite coordinates. The analytical ODF is used to obtain the analytical solutions of saturated polarization and strain after electric/mechanical poling. Based on the closed form solution of the saturated domain orientation textures, the resultant intrinsic electromechanical properties of ferroelectric ceramics, which depend only on the ODF and properties of the corresponding single crystals, are obtained. The results show how the macroscopic symmetries of ferroelectric crystals change from 4mm (tetragonal), 3m (rhombohedral), and mm2 (orthorhombic) single crystals to a ∞mm (transversely isotropic) completely poled ceramic.

Permanent Magnet Machine And Method With Reluctance Poles For High Strength Undiffused Brushless Operation.

DOEpatents

Hsu, John S [Oak Ridge, TN

2005-12-06

A method and apparatus in which a rotor (11) and a stator (17) define a radial air gap (20) for receiving AC flux and at least one, and preferably two, DC excitation assemblies (23, 24) are positioned at opposite ends of the rotor (20) to define secondary air gaps (21, 22). Portions of PM material (14a, 14b) are provided as boundaries separating the rotor pole portions (12a, 12b) of opposite polarity from other portions of the rotor (11) and from each other to define PM poles (12a, 12b) for conveying the DC flux to or from the primary air gap (20) and for inhibiting flux from leaking from the pole portions prior to reaching the primary air gap (20). The portions of PM material (14a, 14b) are spaced from each other so as to include reluctance poles (15) of ferromagnetic material between the PM poles (12a, 12b) to interact with the AC flux in the primary-air gap (20).

Comparison of the take-off ground reaction force patterns of the pole vault and the long jump.

PubMed

Plessa, E I; Rousanoglou, E N; Boudolos, K D

2010-12-01

The take-off is probably the most important phase of the pole vault. The kinematics of pole vault take-off is often described in comparison to the long jump take-off. If a kinetic similarity were also evidenced, the extra loading of carrying the pole could be avoided by using the long jump style take-off drills in pole vault take-off training. However, to our knowledge, a direct comparison of the take-off ground reaction force (GRF) pattern of the two types of jump has not been reported in the scientific or coaching literature. The purpose of this study was to compare the take-off GRF patterns of the support leg in the pole vault and the long jump. Twelve elite women jumpers undertook pole vault and long jump trials. The take-off GRF patterns were recorded by a force plate (Kistler-9286AA). Temporal and force parameters were determined for all three GRF components. Trials were videotaped to determine the take-off kinematics. Paired sample t-tests (SPSS 13.0) were applied (P≤0.05) for comparison between jumps. No significant differences were found in kinematics (P>0.05). Overall, the GRF patterns were similar, although there were particular significant (P≤0.05) differences in contact times, impulses and force peaks. This study provides scientific support for potential use of the long jump take-off drills during technical preparation for the pole vault take-off.

Micro-resonator-based electric field sensors with long durations of sensitivity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ali, Amir R.

2017-05-01

In this paper, we present a new fabrication method for the whispering gallery mode (WGM) micro-sphere based electric field sensor that which allows for longer time periods of sensitivity. Recently, a WGM-based photonic electric field sensor was proposed using a coupled dielectric microsphere-beam. The external electric field imposes an electrtrostriction force on the dielectric beam, deflecting it. The beam, in turn compresses the sphere causing a shift in its WGM. As part of the fabrication process, the PDMS micro-beams and the spheres are curied at high-temperature (100oC) and subsequently poled by exposing to strong external electric field ( 8 MV/m) for two hours. The poling process allows for the deposition of surface charges thereby increasing the electrostriction effect. This methodology is called curing-then-poling (CTP). Although the sensors do become sufficiently sensitive to electric field, they start de-poling after a short period (within 10 minutes) after poling, hence losing sensitivity. In an attempt to mitigate this problem and to lock the polarization for a longer period, we use an alternate methodology whereby the beam is poled and cured simultaneously (curing-while-poling or CWP). The new fabrication method allows for the retention of polarization (and hence, sensitivity to electric field) longer ( 1500 minutes). An analysis is carried out along with preliminary experiments. Results show that electric fields as small as 100 V/m can be detected with a 300 μm diameter sphere sensor a day after poling.

Binary asteroid population. 2. Anisotropic distribution of orbit poles of small, inner main-belt binaries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pravec, P.; Scheirich, P.; Vokrouhlický, D.; Harris, A. W.; Kušnirák, P.; Hornoch, K.; Pray, D. P.; Higgins, D.; Galád, A.; Világi, J.; Gajdoš, Š.; Kornoš, L.; Oey, J.; Husárik, M.; Cooney, W. R.; Gross, J.; Terrell, D.; Durkee, R.; Pollock, J.; Reichart, D. E.; Ivarsen, K.; Haislip, J.; LaCluyze, A.; Krugly, Yu. N.; Gaftonyuk, N.; Stephens, R. D.; Dyvig, R.; Reddy, V.; Chiorny, V.; Vaduvescu, O.; Longa-Peña, P.; Tudorica, A.; Warner, B. D.; Masi, G.; Brinsfield, J.; Gonçalves, R.; Brown, P.; Krzeminski, Z.; Gerashchenko, O.; Shevchenko, V.; Molotov, I.; Marchis, F.

2012-03-01

Our photometric observations of 18 main-belt binary systems in more than one apparition revealed a strikingly high number of 15 having positively re-observed mutual events in the return apparitions. Our simulations of the survey showed that it cannot be due to an observational selection effect and that the data strongly suggest that poles of mutual orbits between components of binary asteroids in the primary size range 3-8 km are not distributed randomly: The null hypothesis of an isotropic distribution of the orbit poles is rejected at a confidence level greater than 99.99%. Binary orbit poles concentrate at high ecliptic latitudes, within 30° of the poles of the ecliptic. We propose that the binary orbit poles oriented preferentially up/down-right are due to either of the two processes: (i) the YORP tilt of spin axes of their parent bodies toward the asymptotic states near obliquities 0° and 180° (pre-formation mechanism) or (ii) the YORP tilt of spin axes of the primary components of already formed binary systems toward the asymptotic states near obliquities 0° and 180° (post-formation mechanism). The alternative process of elimination of binaries with poles closer to the ecliptic by dynamical instability, such as the Kozai effect due to gravitational perturbations from the Sun, does not explain the observed orbit pole concentration. This is because for close binary asteroid systems, the gravitational effects of primary’s irregular shape dominate the solar-tide effect.

Loss of PopZAt activity in Agrobacterium tumefaciens by Deletion or Depletion Leads to Multiple Growth Poles, Minicells, and Growth Defects

PubMed Central

Grangeon, Romain; Zupan, John; Jeon, Yeonji

2017-01-01

ABSTRACT Agrobacterium tumefaciens grows by addition of peptidoglycan (PG) at one pole of the bacterium. During the cell cycle, the cell needs to maintain two different developmental programs, one at the growth pole and another at the inert old pole. Proteins involved in this process are not yet well characterized. To further characterize the role of pole-organizing protein A. tumefaciens PopZ (PopZAt), we created deletions of the five PopZAt domains and assayed their localization. In addition, we created a popZAt deletion strain (ΔpopZAt) that exhibited growth and cell division defects with ectopic growth poles and minicells, but the strain is unstable. To overcome the genetic instability, we created an inducible PopZAt strain by replacing the native ribosome binding site with a riboswitch. Cultivated in a medium without the inducer theophylline, the cells look like ΔpopZAt cells, with a branching and minicell phenotype. Adding theophylline restores the wild-type (WT) cell shape. Localization experiments in the depleted strain showed that the domain enriched in proline, aspartate, and glutamate likely functions in growth pole targeting. Helical domains H3 and H4 together also mediate polar localization, but only in the presence of the WT protein, suggesting that the H3 and H4 domains multimerize with WT PopZAt, to stabilize growth pole accumulation of PopZAt. PMID:29138309

Three-axis force actuator for a magnetic bearing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gondhalekar, Vijay (Inventor)

1998-01-01

This invention features a three-axis force actuator that axially, radially and rotatably supports a bearing member for frictionless rotation about an axis of rotation generally coincident with a Z-axis. Also featured is a magnetic bearing having such an actuator. The actuator includes an inner member, a magnetic member and a pole assembly having a ring member and four pole extending therefrom. The poles are equi-angular spaced from each other and radially spaced about the Z-axis. The inner member extends along the Z-axis and is a highly magnetic permeable material. The magnetic member is formed about the inner member outer surface, extends along the Z-axis and is configured so one magnetic pole polarity is located at its outer surface and the other polarity pole is located at its inner surface. Preferably, the magnetic member is a radially magnetized permanent magnet. The inner surface of the ring member is magnetically coupled to the magnetic member and a face of each pole is coupled to the bearing member. The magnetic member, the pole assembly, the inner member and the bearing member cooperate to generate a magnetic field that radially and rotatably supports a rotating member secured to the bearing member. The actuator further includes a plurality of electromagnetic coils. Preferably, a coil is formed about each pole and at least 2 coils are formed about the inner member. When energized, the electromagnetic coils generate a modulated magnetic field that stabilizes the rotating member in the desired operational position.

Update to the conventional model for rotational deformation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ries, J. C.; Desai, S.

2017-12-01

Rotational deformation (also called the "pole tide") is the deformation resulting from the centrifugal effect of polar motion on the solid earth and ocean, which manifests itself as variations in ocean heights, in the gravity field and in surface displacements. The model for rotational deformation assumes a primarily elastic response of the Earth to the centrifugal potential at the annual and Chandler periods and applies body tide Love numbers to the polar motion after removing the mean pole. The original model was conceived when the mean pole was moving (more or less) linearly, largely in response to glacial isostatic adjustment. In light of the significant variations in the mean pole due to present-day ice mass losses, an `appropriately' filtered mean pole was adopted for the conventional model, so that the longer period variations in the mean pole were not included in the rotational deformation model. However, the elastic Love numbers should be applicable to longer period variations as well, and only the secular (i.e. linear) mean pole should be removed. A model for the linear mean pole is recommended based on a linear fit to the IERS C01 time series spanning 1900 to 2015: in milliarcsec, Xp = 55.0+1.677*dt and Yp = 320.5+3.460*dt where dt=(t-t0), t0=2000.0 and assuming a year=365.25 days. The consequences of an updated model for rotational deformation for site motion and the gravity field are illustrated.

Study of the effects of wind power and vortex-induced vibrations to establish fatigue design criteria for high-mast poles.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-08-01

Traffic signal and high-mast poles are used by transportation agencies to control and illuminate intersections; their structural design is governed by national specifications. High-mast poles are luminaire supports located near highway interchanges t...

High-mast light poles anchor nut loosening in Alaska : an investigation of field monitoring and finite-element analysis.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-09-01

High mast lighting poles (HMLPs) are tall, roadside structures effective for lighting large areas of highways and intersections. The Alaska Department of Transportation : and Public Facilities (AKDOT&PF) maintains 118 such poles in the greater Anchor...

29 CFR 1926.953 - Material handling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Material handling. (a) Unloading. Prior to unloading steel, poles, cross arms and similar material, the.... During framing operations, employees shall not work under a pole or a structure suspended by a crane, A-frame or similar equipment unless the pole or structure is adequately supported. (g) Attaching the load...

29 CFR 1926.953 - Material handling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Material handling. (a) Unloading. Prior to unloading steel, poles, cross arms and similar material, the.... During framing operations, employees shall not work under a pole or a structure suspended by a crane, A-frame or similar equipment unless the pole or structure is adequately supported. (g) Attaching the load...

29 CFR 1926.953 - Material handling.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Material handling. (a) Unloading. Prior to unloading steel, poles, cross arms and similar material, the.... During framing operations, employees shall not work under a pole or a structure suspended by a crane, A-frame or similar equipment unless the pole or structure is adequately supported. (g) Attaching the load...

30 CFR 57.12048 - Communication conductors on power poles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Communication conductors on power poles. 57... MINES Electricity Surface and Underground § 57.12048 Communication conductors on power poles. Telegraph, telephone, or signal wires shall not be installed on the same crossarm with power conductors. When carried...

30 CFR 57.12048 - Communication conductors on power poles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Communication conductors on power poles. 57... MINES Electricity Surface and Underground § 57.12048 Communication conductors on power poles. Telegraph, telephone, or signal wires shall not be installed on the same crossarm with power conductors. When carried...

46 CFR 111.79-3 - Grounding pole.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Grounding pole. 111.79-3 Section 111.79-3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING ELECTRIC SYSTEMS-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Receptacles § 111.79-3 Grounding pole. Each receptacle outlet that operates at 100 volts or more...

46 CFR 111.79-3 - Grounding pole.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Grounding pole. 111.79-3 Section 111.79-3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING ELECTRIC SYSTEMS-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Receptacles § 111.79-3 Grounding pole. Each receptacle outlet that operates at 100 volts or more...

46 CFR 111.79-3 - Grounding pole.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Grounding pole. 111.79-3 Section 111.79-3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING ELECTRIC SYSTEMS-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Receptacles § 111.79-3 Grounding pole. Each receptacle outlet that operates at 100 volts or more...

46 CFR 111.79-3 - Grounding pole.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Grounding pole. 111.79-3 Section 111.79-3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING ELECTRIC SYSTEMS-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Receptacles § 111.79-3 Grounding pole. Each receptacle outlet that operates at 100 volts or more...

Strength of single-pole utility structures

Treesearch

Ronald W. Wolfe

2006-01-01

This section presents three basic methods for deriving and documenting Rn as an LTL value along with the coefficient of variation (COVR) for single-pole structures. These include the following: 1. An empirical analysis based primarily on tests of full-sized poles. 2. A theoretical analysis of mechanics-based models used in...

46 CFR 111.79-3 - Grounding pole.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Grounding pole. 111.79-3 Section 111.79-3 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING ELECTRIC SYSTEMS-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Receptacles § 111.79-3 Grounding pole. Each receptacle outlet that operates at 100 volts or more...

The Pole Orientation, Pole Precession, and Moment of Inertia Factor of Saturn

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jacobson, R. A.; French, R. G.; Nicholson, P. D.; Hedman, M.; Colwell, J. E.; Marouf, E.; Rappaport, N.; McGhee, C.; Sepersky, T.; Lonergan, K.

2011-01-01

This paper discusses our determination of the Saturn's pole orientation and precession using a combination of Earthbased and spacecraft based observational data. From our model of the polar motion and the observed precession rate we obtain a value for Saturn's polar moment of inertia

Investigation of experimental pole-figure errors by simulation of individual spectra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lychagina, T. A.; Nikolaev, D. I.

2007-09-01

The errors in measuring the crystallographic texture described by pole figures are studied. A set of diffraction spectra for a sample of the MA2-1 alloy (Mg + 4.5% Al + 1% Zn) are measured, simulation of individual spectra on the basis of which the pole figures were obtained is performed, and their errors are determined. The conclusion about the possibility of determining the effect of errors of the diffraction peak half-width on the pole figure errors that was drawn in our previous studies is confirmed.

Single phase four pole/six pole motor

DOEpatents

Kirschbaum, Herbert S.

1984-01-01

A single phase alternating current electric motor is provided with a main stator winding having two coil groups each including the series connection of three coils. These coil groups can be connected in series for six pole operation and in parallel for four pole operation. The coils are approximately equally spaced around the periphery of the machine but are not of equal numbers of turns. The two coil groups are identically wound and spaced 180 mechanical degrees apart. One coil of each group has more turns and a greater span than the other two coils.

Method of Evaluating the Thermal Stability of the Pyroelectric Properties of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Effects of Poling Temperature and Field

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-06-01

Stability of th Technical Report No. 18 Pyroelectric Properties of Po.iyvinylidene Fluoride Effects of Poling Temperature and Field 4’ p."ORING or6. RePORT... poled polyvinyylidene •=•- fluoride films has been meesured while the teMseratire was varied at a constant rate of ", 5 OC/min. fromn roan...influenced in a reproducible mLnner by the poling vari.- ables especiall the poliN teoperature. The measuremwnt is therefore (Cont.) DD , O൙ 1473

The Effects of Wiggler Errors on Free Electron Laser Performance

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-04-02

phase deviation at the end of the wiggler by 113. The detrimental effects of wiggler errors may be reduced by arranging the magent poles in an optimal...fdz6BI. To meet these specifications, the vendor may arrange the mIagnet pole iD an optimum sequence such that If dz6BI is minimized. The present research...zc a- A,,/2. By considering a wiggler in which the error for a given magnet pole is correlated to the errors of the surrounding poles , one may

A Self-Contained Pole Syringe Array for Closed-Interval Water Sampling.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-10-19

L AD-R12l 265 R SELF-CONTAINED POLE SYRINGE ARRAY FOR CLOSDITRR Va WATER SANPLING4U) NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC I R E PELLENBARG ET AL. 19 OCT...PERIOD COVERED A SELF-CONTAINED POLE SYRINGE ARRAY FOR Interim report on one phase of CLOSED-INTERVAL WATER SAMPLING an NRL problem. 6. PERFORMING ORG...1473 EDITION OF I NOv ,, IS OMSOLCT S/N 0102-014- 6601 SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (Wm Dle Et ere d A SELF-CONTAINED POLE SYRINGE ARRAY FOR

Optical Studies and Poling of DNA NLO Waveguides

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heckman, Emily; Grote, James

2005-04-01

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), extracted from salmon sperm through an enzyme isolation process, is precipitated with a surfactant complex, cetyltrimethl-ammonium (CTMA), for application as a nonlinear optical material. Preliminary characterization studies suggest that DNA-CTMA may be suitable for use as the host material in the poled core layer of electro-optically-active waveguide devices. Poling results and techniques for poled chromophore-DNA-CTMA films will be discussed. Optical characterization studies of the DNA-CTMA films, including optical propagation losses and considerations in making DNA-CTMA an optical quality material, will be presented.

A Study of a Mulilayer BPF with Attenuation Poles by Using Folded Resonators with Open-Circuited End

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kasamai, Masashi; Usie, Masahiko; Wada, Kouji

We propose a multilayer bandpass filter(BPF) with attenuation poles using folded resonators with open-circuited end. Firstly, the basic characteristics of a folded resonator with open-circuited end under the change of the parameters is examined by an electromagnetic simulator. Secondly, 3-pole multilayer BPFs using the resonators above are proposed, simulated and experimented. As a result, the bandpass characteristics with attenuation poles near the lower and higher side of the center frequency is realized by the proposed structure.

A discussion on leading renormalon in the pole mass

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Komijani, J.

2017-08-01

Perturbative series of some quantities in quantum field theories, such as the pole mass of a quark, suffer from a kind of divergence called renormalon divergence. In this paper, the leading renormalon in the pole mass is investigated, and a map is introduced to suppress this renormalon. The inverse of the map is then used to generate the leading renormalon and obtain an expression to calculate its overall normalization. Finally, the overall normalization of the leading renormalon of the pole mass is calculated for several values of quark flavors.

Sharpness of interference pattern of the 3-pole wiggler

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dejus, Roger J., E-mail: dejus@aps.anl.gov; Kim, Kwang-Je

2016-07-27

Due to the small emittance, radiation from neighboring poles of a strong wiggler in future multi-bend achromat-based storage rings can exhibit sharp interference patterns. The spectral-angular distributions of the 3-pole wiggler for the proposed Advanced Photon Source (APS) upgrade were computed and prominent interference patterns were found. In this paper we provide an understanding of such interference patterns. The equations governing the interference pattern are described and computed spectral-angular distributions of a modeled 3-pole wiggler magnetic field using these equations are presented.

Sharpness of Interference Pattern of the 3-Pole Wiggler

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dejus, Roger J.; Kim, Kwang-Je

2016-07-02

Due to the small emittance, radiation from neighboring poles of a strong wiggler in future multi-bend achromat-based storage rings can exhibit sharp interference patterns. The spectral-angular distributions of the 3-pole wiggler for the proposed Advanced Photon Source (APS) upgrade were computed and prominent interference patterns were found. In this paper we provide an understanding of such interference patterns. The equations governing the interference pattern are described and computed spectral-angular distributions of a modeled 3-pole wiggler magnetic field using these equations are presented.

Tuning characteristics of narrowband THz radiation generated via optical rectification in periodically poled lithium niobate.

PubMed

Weiss, C; Torosyan, G; Meyn, J P; Wallenstein, R; Beigang, R; Avetisyan, Y

2001-04-23

The tuning properties of pulsed narrowband THz radiation generated via optical rectification in periodically poled lithium niobate have been investigated. Using a disk-shaped periodically poled crystal tuning was easily accomplished by rotating the crystal around its axis and observing the generated THz radiation in forward direction. In this way no beam deflection during tuning was observed. The total tuning range extended from 180 GHz up to 830 GHz and was limited by the poling period of 127 microm which determines the maximum THz frequency in forward direction.

Permanent-magnet-less synchronous reluctance system

DOEpatents

Hsu, John S

2012-09-11

A permanent magnet-less synchronous system includes a stator that generates a magnetic revolving field when sourced by an alternating current. An uncluttered rotor is disposed within the magnetic revolving field and spaced apart from the stator to form an air gap relative to an axis of rotation. The rotor includes a plurality of rotor pole stacks having an inner periphery biased by single polarity of a north-pole field and a south-pole field, respectively. The outer periphery of each of the rotor pole stacks are biased by an alternating polarity.

Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements: 2006

USGS Publications Warehouse

Seidelmann, P.K.; Archinal, B.A.; A'Hearn, M.F.; Conrad, A.; Consolmagno, G.J.; Hestroffer, D.; Hilton, J.L.; Krasinsky, G.A.; Neumann, G.; Oberst, J.; Stooke, P.; Tedesco, E.F.; Tholen, D.J.; Thomas, P.C.; Williams, I.P.

2007-01-01

Every three years the IAU/IAG Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements revises tables giving the directions of the poles of rotation and the prime meridians of the planets, satellites, minor planets, and comets. This report introduces improved values for the pole and rotation rate of Pluto, Charon, and Phoebe, the pole of Jupiter, the sizes and shapes of Saturn satellites and Charon, and the poles, rotation rates, and sizes of some minor planets and comets. A high precision realization for the pole and rotation rate of the Moon is provided. The expression for the Sun's rotation has been changed to be consistent with the planets and to account for light travel time ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

Miniature micromachined quadrupole mass spectrometer array and method of making the same

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fuerstenau, Stephen D. (Inventor); Yee, Karl Y. (Inventor); Chutjian, Ara (Inventor); Orient, Otto J. (Inventor); Rice, John T. (Inventor)

2002-01-01

The present invention provides a quadrupole mass spectrometer and an ion filter, or pole array, for use in the quadrupole mass spectrometer. The ion filter includes a thin patterned layer including a two-dimensional array of poles forming one or more quadrupoles. The patterned layer design permits the use of very short poles and with a very dense spacing of the poles, so that the ion filter may be made very small. Also provided is a method for making the ion filter and the quadrupole mass spectrometer. The method involves forming the patterned layer of the ion filter in such a way that as the poles of the patterned layer are formed, they have the relative positioning and alignment for use in a final quadrupole mass spectrometer device.

Miniature micromachined quadrupole mass spectrometer array and method of making the same

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chutjian, Ara (Inventor); Rice, John T. (Inventor); Fuerstenau, Stephen D. (Inventor); Orient, Otto J. (Inventor); Yee, Karl Y. (Inventor)

2000-01-01

The present invention provides a quadrupole mass spectrometer and an ion filter, or pole array, for use in the quadrupole mass spectrometer. The ion filter includes a thin patterned layer including a two-dimensional array of poles forming one or more quadrupoles. The patterned layer design permits the use of very short poles and with a very dense spacing of the poles, so that the ion filter may be made very small. Also provided is a method for making the ion filter and the quadrupole mass spectrometer. The method involves forming the patterned layer of the ion filter in such a way that as the poles of the patterned layer are formed, they have the relative positioning and alignment for use in a final quadrupole mass spectrometer device.

Miniature micromachined quadrupole mass spectrometer array and method of making the same

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yee, Karl Y. (Inventor); Fuerstenau, Stephen D. (Inventor); Orient, Otto J. (Inventor); Rice, John T. (Inventor); Chutjian, Ara (Inventor)

2001-01-01

The present invention provides a quadrupole mass spectrometer and an ion filter, or pole array, for use in the quadrupole mass spectrometer. The ion filter includes a thin patterned layer including a two-dimensional array of poles forming one or more quadrupoles. The patterned layer design permits the use of very short poles and with a very dense spacing of the poles, so that the ion filter may be made very small. Also provided is a method for making the ion filter and the quadrupole mass spectrometer. The method involves forming the patterned layer of the ion filter in such a way that as the poles of the patterned layer are formed, they have the relative positioning and alignment for use in a final quadrupole mass spectrometer device.

Physical assistance devices in complex motor skill learning: benefits of a self-controlled practice schedule.

PubMed

Wulf, G; Toole, T

1999-09-01

This study examines the effects of a self-controlled use of physical assistance devices on learning a complex motor skill (i.e., producing slalom-type movements on a ski simulator). Physical assistance was provided by ski poles. One group of learners (self-control) was provided with the poles whenever they requested them, whereas another (yoked) group had no influence on the pole/no-pole schedule. While there were no group differences during the practice phase (Days 1 and 2), clear group differences emerged in the retention test without poles (Day 3). The self-control group produced significantly larger amplitudes than the yoked group. These results extend previous findings by showing learning advantages of the self-controlled use of physical assistance devices in complex motor skill learning.

Aurora A kinase contributes to a pole-based error correction pathway

PubMed Central

Ye, Anna A.; Deretic, Jovana; Hoel, Christopher M.; Hinman, Albert W.; Cimini, Daniela; Welburn, Julie P.; Maresca, Thomas J.

2015-01-01

Summary Chromosome biorientation, where sister kinetochores attach to microtubules (MTs) from opposing spindle poles, is the configuration that best ensures equal partitioning of the genome during cell division. Erroneous kinetochore-microtubule (kt-MT) attachments are commonplace but often corrected prior to anaphase [1, 2]. Error correction, thought to be mediated primarily by the centromere-enriched Aurora B kinase (ABK) [3-5], typically occurs near spindle poles [6]; albeit, the relevance of this locale is unclear. Furthermore, polar ejection forces (PEFs), highest near poles [7], can stabilize improper attachments by pushing mal-oriented chromosome arms away from spindle poles [8, 9]. Hence, a conundrum: erroneous kt-MT attachments are weakened where PEFs are most likely to strengthen them. Here, we report that Aurora A kinase (AAK) opposes the stabilizing effect of PEFs. AAK activity contributes to phosphorylation of kinetochore substrates near poles and its inhibition results in chromosome mis-alignment and an increased incidence of erroneous kt-MT attachments. Furthermore, AAK directly phosphorylates a site in the N-terminal tail of Ndc80/Hec1 that has been implicated in reducing the affinity of the Ndc80 complex for MTs when phosphorylated [10-12]. We propose that an AAK activity gradient contributes to correcting mal-oriented kt-MT attachments in the vicinity of spindle poles. PMID:26166783

POLE mutations in families predisposed to cutaneous melanoma.

PubMed

Aoude, Lauren G; Heitzer, Ellen; Johansson, Peter; Gartside, Michael; Wadt, Karin; Pritchard, Antonia L; Palmer, Jane M; Symmons, Judith; Gerdes, Anne-Marie; Montgomery, Grant W; Martin, Nicholas G; Tomlinson, Ian; Kearsey, Stephen; Hayward, Nicholas K

2015-12-01

Germline mutations in the exonuclease domain of POLE have been shown to predispose to colorectal cancers and adenomas. POLE is an enzyme involved in DNA repair and chromosomal DNA replication. In order to assess whether such mutations might also predispose to cutaneous melanoma, we interrogated whole-genome and exome data from probands of 34 melanoma families lacking pathogenic mutations in known high penetrance melanoma susceptibility genes: CDKN2A, CDK4, BAP1, TERT, POT1, ACD and TERF2IP. We found a novel germline mutation, POLE p.(Trp347Cys), in a 7-case cutaneous melanoma family. Functional assays in S. pombe showed that this mutation led to an increased DNA mutation rate comparable to that seen with a Pol ε mutant with no exonuclease activity. We then performed targeted sequencing of POLE in 1243 cutaneous melanoma cases and found that a further ten probands had novel or rare variants in the exonuclease domain of POLE. Although this frequency is not significantly higher than that in unselected Caucasian controls, we observed multiple cancer types in the melanoma families, suggesting that some germline POLE mutations may predispose to a broad spectrum of cancers, including melanoma. In addition, we found the first mutation outside the exonuclease domain, p.(Gln520Arg), in a family with an extensive history of colorectal cancer.

Fault Tolerant Homopolar Magnetic Bearings

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Li, Ming-Hsiu; Palazzolo, Alan; Kenny, Andrew; Provenza, Andrew; Beach, Raymond; Kascak, Albert

2003-01-01

Magnetic suspensions (MS) satisfy the long life and low loss conditions demanded by satellite and ISS based flywheels used for Energy Storage and Attitude Control (ACESE) service. This paper summarizes the development of a novel MS that improves reliability via fault tolerant operation. Specifically, flux coupling between poles of a homopolar magnetic bearing is shown to deliver desired forces even after termination of coil currents to a subset of failed poles . Linear, coordinate decoupled force-voltage relations are also maintained before and after failure by bias linearization. Current distribution matrices (CDM) which adjust the currents and fluxes following a pole set failure are determined for many faulted pole combinations. The CDM s and the system responses are obtained utilizing 1D magnetic circuit models with fringe and leakage factors derived from detailed, 3D, finite element field models. Reliability results are presented vs. detection/correction delay time and individual power amplifier reliability for 4, 6, and 7 pole configurations. Reliability is shown for two success criteria, i.e. (a) no catcher bearing contact following pole failures and (b) re-levitation off of the catcher bearings following pole failures. An advantage of the method presented over other redundant operation approaches is a significantly reduced requirement for backup hardware such as additional actuators or power amplifiers.

Comparison of the Effects of Walking with and without Nordic Pole on Upper Extremity and Lower Extremity Muscle Activation.

PubMed

Shim, Je-Myung; Kwon, Hae-Yeon; Kim, Ha-Roo; Kim, Bo-In; Jung, Ju-Hyeon

2013-12-01

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Nordic pole walking on the electromyographic activities of upper extremity and lower extremity muscles. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects were randomly divided into two groups as follows: without Nordic pole walking group (n=13) and with Nordic pole walking group (n=13). The EMG data were collected by measurement while the subjects walking on a treadmill for 30 minutes by measuring from one heel strike to the next. [Results] Both the average values and maximum values of the muscle activity of the upper extremity increased in both the group that used Nordic poles and the group that did not use Nordic poles, and the values showed statistically significant differences. There was an increase in the average value for muscle activity of the latissimus dorsi, but the difference was not statistically significant, although there was a statistically significant increase in its maximum value. The average and maximum values for muscle activity of the lower extremity did not show large differences in either group, and the values did not show any statistically significant differences. [Conclusion] The use of Nordic poles by increased muscle activity of the upper extremity compared with regular walking but did not affect the lower extremity.

Comparison of the Effects of Walking with and without Nordic Pole on Upper Extremity and Lower Extremity Muscle Activation

PubMed Central

Shim, Je-myung; Kwon, Hae-yeon; Kim, Ha-roo; Kim, Bo-in; Jung, Ju-hyeon

2014-01-01

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Nordic pole walking on the electromyographic activities of upper extremity and lower extremity muscles. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects were randomly divided into two groups as follows: without Nordic pole walking group (n=13) and with Nordic pole walking group (n=13). The EMG data were collected by measurement while the subjects walking on a treadmill for 30 minutes by measuring from one heel strike to the next. [Results] Both the average values and maximum values of the muscle activity of the upper extremity increased in both the group that used Nordic poles and the group that did not use Nordic poles, and the values showed statistically significant differences. There was an increase in the average value for muscle activity of the latissimus dorsi, but the difference was not statistically significant, although there was a statistically significant increase in its maximum value. The average and maximum values for muscle activity of the lower extremity did not show large differences in either group, and the values did not show any statistically significant differences. [Conclusion] The use of Nordic poles by increased muscle activity of the upper extremity compared with regular walking but did not affect the lower extremity. PMID:24409018

Poling-assisted bleaching of soda-lime float glasses containing silver nanoparticles with a decreasing filling factor across the depth

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deparis, Olivier; Kazansky, Peter G.; Podlipensky, Alexander; Abdolvand, Amin; Seifert, Gerhard; Graener, Heinrich

2006-08-01

The recently discovered poling-assisted bleaching of glass with embedded silver nanoparticles has renewed the interest in thermal poling as a simple, reliable, and low-cost technique for controlling locally the surface-plasmon-resonant optical properties of metal-doped nanocomposite glasses. In the present study, the emphasis is put on the influence of the volume filling factor of metallic clusters on poling-assisted bleaching. Soda-lime silicate glass samples containing spherical silver nanoparticles with a decreasing filling factor across the depth were subject to thermal poling experiments with various poling temperatures, voltages, and times. Optical extinction spectra were measured from ultraviolet to near-infrared ranges and the surface-plasmon-resonant extinction due to silver nanoparticles (around 410nm) was modeled by the Maxwell Garnett [Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 203, 385 (1904); 205, 237 (1906)] effective medium theory which was adapted in order to take into account the filling factor depth profile. A method was proposed for the retrieval of the filling factor depth profile from optical extinction spectra recorded in fresh and chemically etched samples. A stretched exponential depth profile turned out to be necessary in order to model samples having a high filling factor near the surface. Based on the fact that the electric-field-assisted dissolution of embedded metallic nanoparticles proceeded progressively from the top surface, a bleaching front was defined that moved forward in depth as time elapsed. The position of the bleaching front was determined after each poling experiment by fitting the measured extinction spectrum to the theoretical one. In samples with higher peak value and steeper gradient of the filling factor, the bleaching front reached more rapidly a steady-state depth as poling time increased. Also it increased less strongly with increasing poling voltage. These results were in agreement with the physics of the dissolution process. Finally, clear evidence of injection of hydrogenated ionic species from the atmosphere into the sample during poling was obtained from the growth of the infrared extinction peak associated with OH radicals.

Electric utility pole yard training facility: Designing an effective learning environment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Topping, Robert P.

The primary responsibility of electric utilities is to supply consistent, dependable, and affordable energy to private customers, businesses, and industries. As with many businesses, electric utilities are experiencing the effects of an aging workforce and expending considerable resources to train their current and replacement workers. Community colleges can partner with electric utilities to provide effective learning environments for these workers, and gain access to new sources of revenue and community support for the colleges. The purpose of this study was to describe the functions, features, and major design issues of an effective learning environment for training electric utility industry workers, the electric utility line-worker pole yard. Case studies of three "state of the art" line-worker pole yard training environments provide the basis for the study's findings and implications. The study was guided by the following research questions: (1) What is the function of a line-worker pole yard in supporting effective training? (2) What are the features of present day ("state of the art") line-worker pole yard learning environments? and (3) What are the major issues that need to be addressed in designing a line-worker pole yard learning environment for the future? The study participants included industry representatives, training coordinators, instructors, and students from the three selected "state of the art" line-worker pole yard sites. The overall findings from the study resulted in composites of the desired features of learning outcomes, learning process, and learning environment for a line-worker pole yard training program and major issues that are affecting the future design of these training programs. Composite findings of a pole-yard training environment included unique features associated with: (a) outdoor, (b) indoor, (c) underground, (d) classroom, (e) gathering places, and (f) work-based learning components. Composite findings with regard to major issues that need to be considered in future designs of pole-yard training environments included: (a) available unrestricted land for expansion, (b) resource commitment level, (c) workforce demographics, (d) aging industrial infrastructure, (e) electronic information and communication capability, (f) quality and quantity of available instructors, and (g) environmental and economic impact.

Evolution of the Far-Infrared Cloud at Titan's South Pole

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jennings, Donald E.; Achterberg, R. K.; Cottini, V.; Anderson, C. M.; Flasar, F. M.; Nixon, C. A.; Bjoraker, G. L.; Kunde, V. G.; Carlson, R. C.; Guandique, E.;

Paleomagnetic Euler Poles and the Apparent Polar Wander and Absolute Motion of North America Since the Carboniferous

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gordon, Richard G.; Cox, Allan; O'Hare, Scott

1984-10-01

The apparent polar wander path for a plate is determined from paleomagnetic data by plotting a time sequence of paleomagnetic poles, each representing the location of the earth's spin axis as seen from the plate. Apparent polar wander paths consist of long, gently curved segments termed tracks linked by short segments with sharp curvature termed cusps. The tracks correspond to time intervals when the direction of plate motion was constant, and the cusps correspond to time intervals when the direction of plate motion was changing. Apparent polar wander tracks, like hot spot tracks, tend to lie along small circles. The center of a circle is called a hot spot Euler pole in the case of hot spot tracks and a paleomagnetic Euler pole in the case of paleomagnetic apparent polar wander paths. Both types of tracks mark the motion of a plate with respect to a point, a rising mantle plume in the case of hot spot tracks and the earth's paleomagnetic axis in the case of apparent polar wander paths. Unlike approaches uced in previous studies, paleomagnetic Euler pole analysis yields all three components of motion—including the east-west motion—of a plate with respect to the paleomagnetic axis. A new method for analyzing paleomagnetic poles along a track by using a maximum likelihood criterion gives the best fit paleomagnetic Euler pole and an ellipsoid of 95% confidence about the paleomagnetic Euler pole. In analyzing synthetic and real data, we found that the ellipsoids are elongate, the long axes being aligned with a great circle drawn from the paleomagnetic Euler pole to the center of the apparent polar wander track. This elongation is caused by the azimuths of circular tracks being better defined than their radii of curvature. A Jurassic-Cretaceous paleomagnetic Euler pole for North America was determined from 13 paleomagnetic poles. This track begins with the Wingate and Kayenta formations (about 200 Ma) and ends with the Niobrara Formation (about 87 Ma). Morgan's hot spot Euler pole for 200-90 Ma lies only 15° outside the 95% confidence ellipsoid of the paleomagnetic Euler pole. The good but not perfect agreement reflects displacement between the hot spot and paleomagnetic reference frames at an average rate that is smaller by an order of magnitude than the rate at which the faster plates are moving. The angular velocity of North America about the Jurassic-Cretaceous paleomagnetic Euler pole was determined by plotting the angular positions of paleomagnetic poles along the track as a function of age. For the Cretaceous the angular velocity was too small to measure. During the Jurassic the angular velocity was high, corresponding to a root-mean-square velocity of 70 km/m.y. for the North American plate. A short time interval of even more rapid movement during the Middle and Late Jurassic, possibly corresponding to the beginning of rapid displacement between North America and Africa, is suggested by the data. The direction of absolute motion of North America during the Jurassic was toward the northwest. A Carboniferous-Permian-Triassic paleomagnetic Euler pole was determined from 26 paleomagnetic poles. The progression of poles along this track is consistent with known ages and stratigraphy, except for some systematic differences between poles from Triassic rocks on the Colorado Plateau and poles from Triassic rocks off the Colorado Plateau. These differences could be due to a small clockwise rotation of the Colorado Plateau with respect to cratonal North America, or to miscorrelations between Triassic rocks on the Colorado Plateau and off the Colorado Plateau, or to large lag times between the deposition and magnetization of some rock units, or to some combination of these possibilities. Despite these ambiguities in interpreting paleomagnetic data from Triassic rocks, the general pattern of apparent polar wander and plate motion during the Carboniferous through Triassic is clear: The root-mean-square velocity of North America was slow (about 20 km/m.y.) during the Carboniferous, probably slow (about 20 km/m.y.) during the Permian, but rapid (60-100 km/m.y.) during the Triassic. Paleomagnetic Euler pole analysis establishes that the present slow (less than 30 km/m.y.) velocity of large continental plates like North America is not an intrinsic property of the plates. Occasionally these plates have, for intervals of 50 ± 20 m.y., moved as rapidly as the oceanic plates are moving today. In our interpretation, during times of rapid motion the continents were attached along a passive margin to oceanic lithosphere that was being subducted at some distance from the continent. Rapid motion stopped when the oceanic lithosphere had been consumed by subduction. If North America, Greenland, and Eurasia were joined as a single land mass during the Jurassic, then a likely location for the subducting oceanic plate attached to this landmass is along the southern margin of the cratonal core of Asia with the oceanic plate extending into Tethys. At the cusp between the Carboniferous-Permian-Triassic track and the Jurassic-Cretaceous track, the trend of the path changes by 160°. The western point of the cusp, which is delineated by paleomagnetic poles from the Chinle, Wingate, and Kayenta formations, is 13° farther west in our analysis than it is in commonly accepted apparent polar wander paths for North America. An implication for terrane analysis is that northward displacements found by using our Late Triassic and Early Jurassic poles are up to 2000 km smaller than are those found by using previously published Late Triassic and Early Jurassic cratonal poles.

Gluability of out-of-service utility poles

Treesearch

Han Roliadi; Chung Y. Hse; Elvin T. Choong; Todd F. Shupe

2000-01-01

This investigation determined the gluability of weathered, out-of-service southern yellow pine (SYP) (Pinus spp.) utility poles. Three types of adhesives were used: resorcinol-phenol formaldehyde (RPF), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), and casein. The poles consisted of two service duration groups: 5 and 25 years. Longer weathering caused greater reduction in creosote content...

76 FR 30940 - Information Collection Being Submitted to the Office of Management and Budget for Emergency...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-27

... Control Number: 3060-XXXX. Title: Sections 1.1420; 1.1422; and 1.1424 Pole Attachment Access Requirements... mandate that communications companies (attachers) should be able to place facilities on utility poles. The... include the pole owner notifying all known entities with existing attachments and the requesting attacher...

77 FR 2720 - Proposed Agreement and Covenant Not To Sue for the Colville Post & Poles Superfund Site, Stevens...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-19

... ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY [FRL-9612-1] Proposed Agreement and Covenant Not To Sue for the Colville Post & Poles Superfund Site, Stevens County, WA AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency. ACTION... Colville Post & Poles Superfund Site, Stevens County, Washington, and should be addressed to Jennifer G...

Pole blight of western white pine

Treesearch

Charles D. Leaphart; Otis L. Copeland; Donald P. Graham

1957-01-01

Pole blight is one of the most serious diseases of western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl.) and is restricted to that species. The disease is given this name because it affects pole-size trees primarily, usually those within the 40- to 100-year age class, although trees both younger and older are occasionally affected.

Identity Pole: Confronting Issues of Personal and Cultural Meaning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ciminero, Sandra Elser

2011-01-01

The purpose of the "Identity Pole" was to explore the big idea of identity. Students would confront issues of personal and cultural meaning, and draw upon interdisciplinary connections for inspiration. The author chose to present totem poles of the Northwest Coast Native Americans/First Nations of Canada, as well as school, state and national…

Crown Release Increases Diameter Growth and Bole Sprouting of Pole-Size Yellow Birch

Treesearch

Gayne G. Erdmann; Ralph M. Jr. Peterson

1971-01-01

During the second and third years after release, dominant, codominant, and intermediate pole-size yellow birch grew nearly twice as fast in diameter as unreleased poles. Growth rates were also related to foliage density. Epicormic sprouting was increased by crown release but most sprouting occured in the second log.

A Century of Science at the South Pole: From Struggling to Survive to Exploring New and Unseen Frontiers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hynes, Shelly; Bacque, L.; Landsberg, R.

2012-01-01

In December of 1911, Norwegian Roald Amundsen and his team became the first to reach the geographic South Pole. Briton Robert F. Scott also reached the South Pole a month later on the 17th of January, 1912. Their successful treks to the South Pole were part of an international rivalry equivalent in its time to the "Space Race” of the 1960's. 100 years later, the National Science Foundation's Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station is home to two massive cutting-edge instruments that are yielding new insights into the Universe at both the smallest and largest scales. The 280-ton, 10-meter South Pole Telescope is probing anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background to understand the nature of Dark Energy and the infant Universe. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, a cubic kilometer of instrumented ice, searches for evidence of high energy neutrinos that may originate in violent astrophysical events such as supernovae, gamma ray bursts, and active galactic nuclei, as well as help us understand dark matter. The session will highlight education and outreach initiatives associated with both projects.

A yeast gene essential for regulation of spindle pole duplication.

PubMed Central

Baum, P; Yip, C; Goetsch, L; Byers, B

1988-01-01

In eucaryotic cells, duplication of spindle poles must be coordinated with other cell cycle functions. We report here the identification in Saccharomyces cerevisiae of a temperature-sensitive lethal mutation, esp1, that deregulates spindle pole duplication. Mutant cells transferred to the nonpermissive temperature became unable to continue DNA synthesis and cell division but displayed repeated duplication of their spindle pole bodies. Although entry into this state after transient challenge by the nonpermissive temperature was largely lethal, rare survivors were recovered and found to have become increased in ploidy. If the mutant cells were held in G0 or G1 during exposure to the elevated temperature, they remained viable and maintained normal numbers of spindle poles. These results suggest dual regulation of spindle pole duplication, including a mechanism that promotes duplication as cells enter the division cycle and a negative regulatory mechanism, controlled by ESP1, that limits duplication to a single occurrence in each cell division cycle. Tetrad analysis has revealed that ESP1 resides at a previously undescribed locus on the right arm of chromosome VII. Images PMID:3072479

Assessment of Pole Erosion in a Magnetically Shielded Hall Thruster

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mikellides, Ioannis G.; Ortega, Alejandro L.

2014-01-01

Numerical simulations of a 6-kW laboratory Hall thruster called H6 have been performed to quantify the erosion rate at the inner pole. The assessments have been made in two versions of the thruster, namely the unshielded (H6US) and magnetically shielded (H6MS) configurations. The simulations have been performed with the 2-D axisymmetric code Hall2De which employs a new multi-fluid ion algorithm to capture the presence of low-energy ions in the vicinity of the poles. It is found that the maximum computed erosion rate at the inner pole of the H6MS exceeds the measured rate of back-sputtered deposits by 4.5 times. This explains only part of the surface roughening that was observed after a 150-h wear test, which covered most of the pole area exposed to the plasma. For the majority of the pole surface the computed erosion rates are found to be below the back-sputter rate and comparable to those in the H6US which exhibited little to no sputtering in previous tests. Possible explanations for the discrepancy are discussed.

Division site selection in Escherichia coli involves dynamic redistribution of Min proteins within coiled structures that extend between the two cell poles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shih, Yu-Ling; Le, Trung; Rothfield, Lawrence

2003-06-01

The MinCDE proteins of Escherichia coli are required for proper placement of the division septum at midcell. The site selection process requires the rapid oscillatory redistribution of the proteins from pole to pole. We report that the three Min proteins are organized into extended membrane-associated coiled structures that wind around the cell between the two poles. The pole-to-pole oscillation of the proteins reflects oscillatory changes in their distribution within the coiled structure. We also report that the E. coli MreB protein, which is required for maintaining the rod shape of the cell, also forms extended coiled structures, which are similar to the MreB structures that have previously been reported in Bacillus subtilis. The MreB and MinCDE coiled arrays do not appear identical. The results suggest that at least two functionally distinct cytoskeletal-like elements are present in E. coli and that structures of this type can undergo dynamic changes that play important roles in division site placement and possibly other aspects of the life of the cell.

The effect of plastic strain on the evolution of crystallographic texture in Zircaloy-2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ballinger, R. G.; Lucas, G. E.; Pelloux, R. M.

1984-09-01

The evolution of crystallographic texture during plastic deformation was investigated in Zircaloy-2 using X-ray and metallographic techniques. Inverse pole figures, the resolved fraction of basal poles, and the volume fraction of twinned material, were determined as a function of plastic strain for several strain paths and initial textures at 298 K and 623 K. Incremental transverse platic strain ratios ( R) were mesured as a function of plastic strain. Texture rotation occurs early in the deformation process, after as little as 1.5% plastic strain. For compressive plastic strains, the resolved fraction of basal poles increases in the direction parallel to the strain axis. For tensile plastic strains, the resolved fraction of basal poles decreases in the direction parallel to the strain axis. The rate of change of the resolved fraction of basal poles with plastic strain is a function of the initial resolved fraction of basal poles. The texture rotation can be explained by considering the operation of the principal tensile twinning systems, {101¯2}<1¯011>.

A new technique for quantifying symmetry and opening angles in quartz c-axis pole figures: Implications for interpreting the kinematic and thermal properties of rocks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hunter, N. J. R.; Weinberg, R. F.; Wilson, C. J. L.; Law, R. D.

2018-07-01

Variations in flow kinematics influence the type of crystallographic preferred orientations (CPOs) in plastically deformed quartz, yet we currently lack a robust means of quantifying the diagnostic symmetries that develop in the c-axis (0001) pole figure. In this contribution, we demonstrate how the symmetry of common c-axis topologies may be quantified by analysing the intensity distribution across a line transect of the pole figure margin. A symmetry value (S) measures the relative difference in intensities between marginal girdle maxima in the pole figure, and thus the degree to which the pole figure defines orthorhombic or monoclinic end member symmetries. This provides a semi-quantitative depiction of whether the rocks underwent coaxial or non-coaxial flow, respectively, and may subsequently be used to quantify other topological properties, such as the opening angle of girdle maxima. The open source Matlab® toolbox MTEX is used to quantify pole figure symmetries in quartzite samples from the Main Central Thrust (NW Himalaya) and the Moine Thrust (NW Scotland).

Theoretical constraints in the design of multivariable control systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rynaski, E. G.; Mook, D. Joseph; Depena, Juan

1991-01-01

The research being performed under NASA Grant NAG1-1361 involves a more clear understanding and definition of the constraints involved in the pole-zero placement or assignment process for multiple input, multiple output systems. Complete state feedback to more than a single controller under conditions of complete controllability and observability is redundant if pole placement alone is the design objective. The additional feedback gains, above and beyond those required for pole placement can be used for eignevalue assignment or zero placement of individual closed loop transfer functions. Because both poles and zeros of individual closed loop transfer functions strongly affect the dynamic response to a pilot command input, the pole-zero placement problem is important. When fewer controllers than degrees of freedom of motion are available, complete design freedom is not possible, the transmission zeros constrain the regions of possible pole-zero placement. The effect of transmission zero constraints on the design possibilities, selection of transmission zeros and the avoidance of producing non-minimum phase transfer functions is the subject of the research being performed under this grant.

Fault Current Distribution and Pole Earth Potential Rise (EPR) Under Substation Fault

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nnassereddine, M.; Rizk, J.; Hellany, A.; Nagrial, M.

2013-09-01

New high-voltage (HV) substations are fed by transmission lines. The position of these lines necessitates earthing design to ensure safety compliance of the system. Conductive structures such as steel or concrete poles are widely used in HV transmission mains. The earth potential rise (EPR) generated by a fault at the substation could result in an unsafe condition. This article discusses EPR based on substation fault. The pole EPR assessment under substation fault is assessed with and without mutual impedance consideration. Split factor determination with and without the mutual impedance of the line is also discussed. Furthermore, a simplified formula to compute the pole grid current under substation fault is included. Also, it includes the introduction of the n factor which determines the number of poles that required earthing assessments under substation fault. A case study is shown.

CENP-W Plays a Role in Maintaining Bipolar Spindle Structure

PubMed Central

Kaczmarczyk, Agnieszka; Sullivan, Kevin F.

2014-01-01

The CENP-W/T complex was previously reported to be required for mitosis. HeLa cells depleted of CENP-W displayed profound mitotic defects, with mitotic timing delay, disorganized prometaphases and multipolar spindles as major phenotypic consequences. In this study, we examined the process of multipolar spindle formation induced by CENP-W depletion. Depletion of CENP-W in HeLa cells labeled with histone H2B and tubulin fluorescent proteins induced rapid fragmentation of originally bipolar spindles in a high proportion of cells. CENP-W depletion was associated with depletion of Hec1 at kinetochores. The possibility of promiscuous centrosomal duplication was ruled out by immunofluorescent examination of centrioles. However, centrioles were frequently observed to be abnormally split. In addition, a large proportion of the supernumerary poles lacked centrioles, but were positively stained with different centrosomal markers. These observations suggested that perturbation in spindle force distribution caused by defective kinetochores could contribute to a mechanical mechanism for spindle pole disruption. ‘Spindle free’ nocodazole arrested cells did not exhibit pole fragmentation after CENP-W depletion, showing that pole fragmentation is microtubule dependent. Inhibition of centrosome separation by monastrol reduced the incidence of spindle pole fragmentation, indicating that Eg5 plays a role in spindle pole disruption. Surprisingly, CENP-W depletion rescued the monopolar spindle phenotype of monastrol treatment, with an increased frequency of bipolar spindles observed after CENP-W RNAi. We overexpressed the microtubule cross-linking protein TPX2 to create spindle poles stabilized by the microtubule cross-linking activity of TPX2. Spindle pole fragmentation was suppressed in a TPX2-dependent fashion. We propose that CENP-W, by influencing proper kinetochore assembly, particularly microtubule docking sites, can confer spindle pole resistance to traction forces exerted by motor proteins during chromosome congression. Taken together, our findings are consistent with a model in which centrosome integrity is controlled by the pathways regulating kinetochore-microtubule attachment stability. PMID:25329824

Relationships between body composition, body dimensions, and peak speed in cross-country sprint skiing.

PubMed

Stoggl, Thomas; Enqvist, Jonas; Muller, Erich; Holmberg, Hans-Christer

2010-01-01

In modern sprint cross-country skiing, strength and maximal speed are major determinants of performance. The aims of this study were to ascertain the anthropometric characteristics of world-class sprint skiers and to evaluate whether a specific body composition and/or body dimension characterizes a successful sprint skier. Our hypothesis was that body height and lean body mass are related to peak speed in double poling and diagonal stride. Fourteen male national and international elite skiers performed two peak speed tests in double poling and diagonal stride roller skiing on a treadmill and were analysed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to determine body composition and body dimensions. Relative pole length was positively correlated with both techniques (double poling: r = 0.77, P < 0.01; diagonal stride: r = 0.60, P < 0.05) and was the only variable that was part of the multiple regression model for both double poling and diagonal stride peak speed. Body height was not correlated with any technique, whereas lean trunk mass (r = 0.75, P < 0.01), body mass index (r = 0.66, P < 0.01), total lean mass (r = 0.69, P < 0.01), and body mass (r = 0.57, P < 0.05) were positively related to double poling peak speed. Total lean mass (absolute: r = 0.58, P < 0.05; relative: r = 0.76, P < 0.001) and relative lean mass of the trunk, arms (both r = 0.72, P < 0.01), and legs (r = 0.54, P < 0.05) were positively related to diagonal stride peak speed. In conclusion, skiers should aim to achieve a body composition with a high percentage of lean mass and low fat mass. A focus on trunk mass through increased muscle mass appears to be important, especially for double poling. The use of longer poles (percent body height) seems to be advantageous for both double poling and diagonal stride peak speed, whereas body dimensions do not appear to be a predictive factor.

Polymer poling characterization using second harmonic generation (SHG)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tellier, Gildas; Averty, Dominique; Blart, Errol; Boisrobert, Christian; Gundel, Hartmut; Le Tacon, Sylvain; Monnereau, Cyrille; Odobel, Fabrice; Seveno, Raynald

2006-04-01

Several polymer molecules have structures which are suitable for the non-linear optic applications. We report on the design and fabrication of a high performance electro-optic modulator made of polymer thin films. The polymer we study contains a chromophore based on Disperse Red One covalently grafted to a host-matrix. The polymer materials are deposited in thin layers on a glass substrate by chemical solution deposition, either by spin-coating or by dip-coating. The thickness of the films is ranging from a hundred nanometers to several micrometers. Initially, the polymer molecules are randomly oriented and the films are isotropic, hence no electro-optic effect can be observed. In order to break the symmetry and align the chromophores, the films are submitted to the so-called corona poling process. As a result, their structure become non-centrosymmetric and the second-order susceptibility is no longer zero. The corona poling method consists of applying a high electric field to the polymer by means of a needle electrode, placed above the polymer film which is posed on a grounded sample support electrode. Thermal regulation of the support electrode allows to control the temperature during the poling of the films. Once the poling process has been established, a chemical cross-linking function is thermally activated in order to fix the orientation of the chromophores in the polymer matrix. The orientation and its stability in time is evaluated with a Second Harmonic Generation measurement set-up using the Makers Fringes configuration. We studied the influence of the poling temperature, the distance between the corona needle electrode and the sample, the high voltage applied, and the duration of the poling process on the efficiency of chromophore orientation in order to optimize the poling procedure. Finally, aging of poled polymer samples has been investigated at elevated temperatures, confirming the stability of the cross-linking process.

Trolling may intensify exploitation in crappie fisheries

USGS Publications Warehouse

Meals, K. O.; Dunn, A. W.; Miranda, Leandro E.

2012-01-01

In some parts of the USA, anglers targeting crappies Pomoxis spp. are transitioning from mostly stationary angling with a single pole around submerged structures to using multiple poles while drifting with the wind or under power. This shift in fishing methods could result in a change in catch efficiency, possibly increasing exploitation rates to levels that would be of concern to managers. We studied the catch statistics of anglers fishing while trolling with multiple poles (trollers) and those fishing with single poles (polers) in Mississippi reservoirs. Specifically, we tested whether (1) various catch statistics differed between trollers and polers, (2) catch rates of trollers were related to the number of poles fished, and (3) trollers could raise exploitation rates to potentially unsustainable levels. Results showed that participation in the crappie fisheries was about equally split between polers and trollers. In spring, 90% of crappie anglers were polers; in summer, 85% of crappie anglers were trollers. The size of harvested crappies was similar for the two angler groups, but the catch per hour was almost three times higher for trollers than for polers. Catch rates by trollers were directly correlated to the number of poles fished, although the relationship flattened as the number of poles increased. The average harvest rate for one troller fishing with three poles was similar to the harvest rate obtained by one poler. Simulations predicted that at the existing mix of about 50% polers and 50% trollers and with no restrictions on the number of poles used by trollers, exploitation of crappies is about 1.3 times higher than that in a polers-only fishery; under a scenario in which 100% of crappie anglers were trollers, exploitation was forecasted to increase to about 1.7 times the polers-only rate. The efficiency of trolling for crappies should be of concern to fishery managers because crappie fisheries are mostly consumptive and may increase exploitation rates to unsustainable levels.

Magnetic measurements of the 12-pole trim magnets for the 200 MeV compact synchrotron XLS at the National Synchrotron Light Source

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Krishnaswamy, J.; Kalsi, S.; Hsieh, H.

1991-01-01

Magnetic measurements performed on the 12-pole trim magnets is described including Hall probe measurements to verify symmetry of the field and, rotating coil measurements to map the multipoles. The rotating coil measurements were carried out using a HP Dynamic Signal Analyzer. Excited as a quadrupole the dominant error multipole is the 20th pole and excited as a sextrupole the dominant error multipole is the 18th pole. Reasonable agreement was found between the Hall probe measurements and the rotating coil measurements. 2 refs., 5 figs.

The self-consistent dynamic pole tide in global oceans

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dickman, S. R.

1985-01-01

The dynamic pole tide is characterized in a self-consistent manner by means of introducing a single nondifferential matrix equation compatible with the Liouville equation, modelling the ocean as global and of uniform depth. The deviations of the theory from the realistic ocean, associated with the nonglobality of the latter, are also given consideration, with an inference that in realistic oceans long-period modes of resonances would be increasingly likely to exist. The analysis of the nature of the pole tide and its effects on the Chandler wobble indicate that departures of the pole tide from the equilibrium may indeed be minimal.

The self-consistent dynamic pole tide in non-global oceans

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dickman, S. R.

1988-01-01

The dynamic pole tide is determined by solving Laplace tide equations which take into account the presence of continents in oceans, oceanic self-gravitation and loading, and mantle elasticity. Dynamical effects are found to be only mild. It is shown that the dynamical pole tide contributes about one day more to the Chandler period than a static pole tide would, and dissipates wobble energy at a very weak rate. It is noted that, depending on the wobble period predicted for an oceanless elastic earth, mantle anelasticity at low frequencies may nevertheless contribute negligibly to the Chandler period.

The Clementine Bistatic Radar Experiment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nozette, S.; Lichtenberg, C. L.; Spudis, P.; Bonner, R.; Ort, W.; Malaret, E.; Robinson, M.; Shoemaker, E. M.

1996-01-01

During the Clementine 1 mission, a bistatic radar experiment measured the magnitude and polarization of the radar echo versus bistatic angle, beta, for selected lunar areas. Observations of the lunar south pole yield a same-sense polarization enhancement around beta = 0. Analysis shows that the observed enhancement is localized to the permanently shadowed regions of the lunar south pole. Radar observations of periodically solar-illuminated lunar surfaces, including the north pole, yielded no such enhancement. A probable explanation for these differences is the presence of low-loss volume scatterers, such as water ice, in the permanently shadowed region at the south pole.

Single phase four pole/six pole motor

DOEpatents

Kirschbaum, H.S.

1984-10-09

A single phase alternating current electric motor is provided with a main stator winding having two coil groups each including the series connection of three coils. These coil groups can be connected in series for six pole operation and in parallel for four pole operation. The coils are approximately equally spaced around the periphery of the machine but are not of equal numbers of turns. The two coil groups are identically wound and spaced 180 mechanical degrees apart. One coil of each group has more turns and a greater span than the other two coils. 10 figs.

Risk of colorectal cancer for carriers of a germline mutation in POLE or POLD1

PubMed Central

Buchanan, Daniel D.; Stewart, Jenna R.; Clendenning, Mark; Rosty, Christophe; Mahmood, Khalid; Pope, Bernard J.; Jenkins, Mark A.; Hopper, John L.; Southey, Melissa C.; Macrae, Finlay A.; Winship, Ingrid M.; Win, Aung Ko

2017-01-01

Background Germline mutations in the exonuclease domains of the POLE and POLD1 genes are associated with an as yet unquantified increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods We identified families with POLE or POLD1 variants by searching PubMed for relevant studies prior to October 2016 and by genotyping 669 population-based CRC cases diagnosed <60 years of age from the Australasian Colorectal Cancer Family Registry. We estimated the age-specific cumulative risks (penetrance) using a modified segregation analysis. Results We observed 67 CRCs (mean age at diagnosis=50.2 (standard deviation [SD]=13.8) years) among 364 first- and second- degree relatives from 41 POLE families and 6 CRCs (mean age at diagnosis=39.7 (SD=6.83) years) among 69 relatives from 9 POLD1 families. We estimated risks of CRC to age 70 years (95% confidence interval [CI]) for males and females, respectively, to be: 40%(26%–57%) and 32%(20%–47%) for POLE mutation carriers; and 63%(15%–99%) and 52%(11%–99%) for POLD1 mutation carriers. Conclusion CRC risks for POLE mutation carriers are sufficiently high warranting consideration of annual colonoscopy screening and management guidelines comparable to Lynch syndrome. Refinement of estimates of CRC risk for POLD1 carriers is needed, however, clinical management recommendations could follow those suggested for POLE carriers. PMID:29120461

Piezoelectric and dielectric characterization of corona and contact poled PZT-epoxy-MWCNT bulk composites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Banerjee, S.; Cook-Chennault, K. A.; Du, W.; Sundar, U.; Halim, H.; Tang, A.

2016-11-01

Three-phase lead zirconate titanate (PZT, PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3)-epoxy-multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) bulk composites were prepared, where the volume fraction of PZT was held constant at 30%, while the volume fraction of the MWCNTs was varied from 1.0%-10%. The samples were poled using either a parallel plate contact or contactless (corona) poling technique. The piezoelectric strain coefficient (d33), dielectric constant (ɛ), and dielectric loss tangent (tan δ) of the samples were measured at 110 Hz, and compared as a function of poling technique and volume fraction of MWCNTs. The highest values for dielectric constant and piezoelectric strain coefficients were 465.82 and 18.87 pC/N for MWCNT volume fractions of 10% and 6%, respectively. These values were obtained for samples that were poled using the corona contactless method. The impedance and dielectric spectra of the composites were recorded over a frequency range of 100 Hz-20 MHz. The impedance values observed for parallel-plate contact poled samples are higher than that of corona poled composites. The fractured surface morphology and distribution of the PZT particles and MWCNTs were observed with the aid of electron dispersion spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope. The surface morphology of the MWCNTs was observed with the aid of a field emission transmission electron microscope.

A family of ParA-like ATPases promotes cell pole maturation by facilitating polar localization of chemotaxis proteins

PubMed Central

Ringgaard, Simon; Schirner, Kathrin; Davis, Brigid M.; Waldor, Matthew K.

2011-01-01

Stochastic processes are thought to mediate localization of membrane-associated chemotaxis signaling clusters in peritrichous bacteria. Here, we identified a new family of ParA-like ATPases (designated ParC [for partitioning chemotaxis]) encoded within chemotaxis operons of many polar-flagellated γ-proteobacteria that actively promote polar localization of chemotaxis proteins. In Vibrio cholerae, a single ParC focus is found at the flagellated old pole in newborn cells, and later bipolar ParC foci develop as the cell matures. The cell cycle-dependent redistribution of ParC occurs by its release from the old pole and subsequent relocalization at the new pole, consistent with a “diffusion and capture” model for ParC dynamics. Chemotaxis proteins encoded in the same cluster as ParC have a similar unipolar-to-bipolar transition; however, they reach the new pole after the arrival of ParC. Cells lacking ParC exhibit aberrantly localized foci of chemotaxis proteins, reduced chemotaxis, and altered motility, which likely accounts for their enhanced colonization of the proximal small intestine in an animal model of cholera. Collectively, our findings indicate that ParC promotes the efficiency of chemotactic signaling processes. In particular, ParC-facilitated development of a functional chemotaxis apparatus at the new pole readies this site for its development into a functional old pole after cell division. PMID:21764856

Development and Validation of a Test of Relationship Style.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tuckman, Bruce W.

A two-dimensional, four-category model for classifying the way that people relate to others, or relationship style, was developed by T. Alessandra (1987). The model characterizes style in terms of openness, with poles of open and self-contained, and directness, with poles of direct and indirect. Combining the poles of the two dimensions yields the…

Risk Management in the Original Extreme Sporting Event: The Pole Vault

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bemiller, Jim; Hardin, Robin

2010-01-01

The pole vault was considered the ultimate test of physical ability and daring before the advent of modern extreme sports such as skateboarding, snowboarding, and mountain biking. The inherent risks of the pole vault have been well documented. The National Center for Catastrophic Sport Injury Research reported in 2007 that the catastrophic injury…

A Graphics System for Pole-Zero Map Analysis.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beyer, William Fred, III

Computer scientists have developed an interactive, graphical display system for pole-zero map analysis. They designed it for use as an educational tool in teaching introductory courses in automatic control systems. The facilities allow the user to specify a control system and an input function in the form of a pole-zero map and then examine the…

49 CFR 236.71 - Signal wires on pole line and aerial cable.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Signal wires on pole line and aerial cable. 236.71..., INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR OF SIGNAL AND TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEMS, DEVICES, AND APPLIANCES Rules and Instructions: All Systems Wires and Cables § 236.71 Signal wires on pole line and aerial cable. Signal wire on...

49 CFR 236.71 - Signal wires on pole line and aerial cable.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Signal wires on pole line and aerial cable. 236.71..., INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR OF SIGNAL AND TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEMS, DEVICES, AND APPLIANCES Rules and Instructions: All Systems Wires and Cables § 236.71 Signal wires on pole line and aerial cable. Signal wire on...

49 CFR 236.71 - Signal wires on pole line and aerial cable.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Signal wires on pole line and aerial cable. 236.71..., INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR OF SIGNAL AND TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEMS, DEVICES, AND APPLIANCES Rules and Instructions: All Systems Wires and Cables § 236.71 Signal wires on pole line and aerial cable. Signal wire on...

75 FR 1447 - Alaska Railroad Corporation-Construction and Operation Exemption-Rail Line Between North Pole and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-11

... Railroad Corporation--Construction and Operation Exemption--Rail Line Between North Pole and Delta Junction... of North Pole (located just south of Fairbanks) to the southern side of the community of Delta... Railroad Administration, U.S. Air Force 354th Fighter Wing Command from Eielson Air Force Base, U.S. Army...

Strength loss in southern pine poles damaged by woodpeckers

Treesearch

R.W. Rumsey; G.E. Woodson

1973-01-01

Woodpecker damage caused extensive reductions in strength of 50-foot, class-2 utility poles, the amount depending on the cross-sectional area of wood removed and its distance from the apex. Two methods for estimating when damaged poles should be replaced proved to be conservative when applied to results of field tests. Such conservative predictions of falling loads...

Strength loss in southern pine poles damaged by woodpeckers

Treesearch

R.L. Rumsey; George E. Woodson

1973-01-01

Woodpecker damage caused extensive reductions in strength of 50-foot, class-2 utility poles, the amount depending on the cross-sectional area of wood removed and its distance from the apex. Two methods for estimating when damaged poles should be replaced proved to be conservative when applied to results of field rests. Such conservative predictions of failing loads...

Detail of 25' highband reflector screen pole showing the horizontal ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Detail of 25' high-band reflector screen pole showing the horizontal wood beams and vertical wires hung from ceramic insulators, note the dipole antenna element and 94' low-band reflector screen poles in background, view facing north - U.S. Naval Base, Pearl Harbor, Naval Radio Station, AF/FRD-10 Circularly Disposed Antenna Array, Wahiawa, Honolulu County, HI

Distribution of pole blight of western white pine

Treesearch

Donald P. Graham

1955-01-01

Disease surveys conducted in 1953 and 1954 to determine the distribution of pole blight of western white pine (Pinus monticola, Dougl.) reveal that most areas of damage have now been found. During 1953 extensive surveys of pole blight distribution disclosed 20 new diseased areas and a number of affected stands adjacent to or near old disease centers. The 1954...

Finite element analyses of wood laminated composite poles

Treesearch

Cheng Piao; Todd F. Shupe; R.C. Tang; Chung Y. Hse

2005-01-01

Finite element analyses using ANSYS were conducted on orthotropic, polygonal, wood laminated composite poles subjected to a body force and a concentrated load at the free end. Deflections and stress distributions of small-scale and full-size composite poles were analyzed and compared to the results obtained in an experimental study. The predicted deflection for both...

Renormalization Group Invariance of the Pole Mass in the Multi-Higgs System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Chungku

2018-06-01

We have investigated the renormalization group running of the pole mass in the multi-Higgs theory in two different types of gauge fixing conditions. The pole mass, when expressed in terms of the Lagrangian parameters, turns out to be invariant under the renormalization group with the beta and gamma functions of the symmetric phase.

Molecular, Pathological, Radiological, and Immune Profiling of Non-brainstem Pediatric High-Grade Glioma from the HERBY Phase II Randomized Trial.

PubMed

Mackay, Alan; Burford, Anna; Molinari, Valeria; Jones, David T W; Izquierdo, Elisa; Brouwer-Visser, Jurriaan; Giangaspero, Felice; Haberler, Christine; Pietsch, Torsten; Jacques, Thomas S; Figarella-Branger, Dominique; Rodriguez, Daniel; Morgan, Paul S; Raman, Pichai; Waanders, Angela J; Resnick, Adam C; Massimino, Maura; Garrè, Maria Luisa; Smith, Helen; Capper, David; Pfister, Stefan M; Würdinger, Thomas; Tam, Rachel; Garcia, Josep; Thakur, Meghna Das; Vassal, Gilles; Grill, Jacques; Jaspan, Tim; Varlet, Pascale; Jones, Chris

2018-05-14

The HERBY trial was a phase II open-label, randomized, multicenter trial evaluating bevacizumab (BEV) in addition to temozolomide/radiotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed non-brainstem high-grade glioma (HGG) between the ages of 3 and 18 years. We carried out comprehensive molecular analysis integrated with pathology, radiology, and immune profiling. In post-hoc subgroup analysis, hypermutator tumors (mismatch repair deficiency and somatic POLE/POLD1 mutations) and those biologically resembling pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma ([PXA]-like, driven by BRAF_V600E or NF1 mutation) had significantly more CD8 + tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and longer survival with the addition of BEV. Histone H3 subgroups (hemispheric G34R/V and midline K27M) had a worse outcome and were immune cold. Future clinical trials will need to take into account the diversity represented by the term "HGG" in the pediatric population. Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Pigmented perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) arising from kidney

PubMed Central

Du, Hexi; Zhou, Jun; Xu, Lingfan; Yang, Cheng; Zhang, Li; Liang, Chaozhao

2016-01-01

Abstract Introduction: Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is a mesenchymal neoplasm composed of perivascular epithelioid cells with clear to eosinophilic cytoplasm. Pigmented PEComa arising from kidney is extraordinarily rare and sometimes can exhibit aggressive biological behavior. Case report: We present here a rare case of pigmented renal PEComa in a 46-year-old female. The patient had complained of lumbago complicated with nausea and vomiting for 2 weeks and therefore was referred to our department. An enhanced computed scan revealed a 4 × 3 × 3 cm round-like mass in the lower pole of right kidney with inhomogeneous enhancement. The tumor cells immunestained was positive for HMB-45, focally positive for c-Kit (CD117), and negative for vimentin, S-100, AE1/AE3, CK-7, CK-18, CD-10, RCC antigen, CgA, DOG-1, EMA, smooth muscle actin, and synaptophysin. We successfully performed 3-dimensional laparoscopic resection of the neoplasm, which was then diagnosed as pigmented PEComa by postoperative pathology. No further growing lesion or metastasis was observed during a 1-year follow-up. Conclusion: This case report shows that pigmented renal PEComa is often presented as a renal mass with nonspecific symptoms and imaging features. The gold diagnosis of renal pigmented PEComa is mainly based on the combination of histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Complete resection by 3-dimensional laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery can be an effective therapeutic management. PMID:27858882

Paleomagnetic study of the northern Ford Ranges, western Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica: Motion between West and East Antarctica

USGS Publications Warehouse

Luyendyk, B.; Cisowski, S.; Smith, C.; Richard, S.; Kimbrough, D.

1996-01-01

A paleomagnetic study of Paleozoic and Mesozoic crystalline rocks in the northern Ford Ranges of Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica, has determined a middle Cretaceous (circa 100 Ma) paleomagnetic pole and provided constraints on possible clockwise rotation of these ranges and on the rifting of east Gondwana. The 40Ar/39Ar thermochronology data from the Fosdick Mountains record a period of rapid cooling from ???700??C beginning at ???100 Ma. We relate this to extension, intrusion, and uplift associated with the beginning of rifting between Campbell Plateau and Marie Byrd Land. All rocks from the Fosdick and Chester Mountains are normally polarized. We interpret thermochronology and paleomagnetic data to infer that the region was extensively remagnetized in middle Cretaceous time. Inclinations in samples from the Chester Mountains are less steep than those from the Fosdick Mountains, which we interpret as ???25?? of south tilting of the Chesters. We interpret cooling age data for the time of magnetization to infer that the tilting began after 105 Ma and ended prior to 103 Ma. We further interpret this as constraining the beginning of extension between the Campbell Plateau and western Marie Byrd Land to the interval 105 to 103 Ma. Virtual geomagnetic poles from samples of Early Carboniferous age granodiorite from the western Phillips Mountains lie on the late Paleozoic apparent polar wander path for Australia transferred to Antarctica. Directions from 29 sites in the central and eastern Phillips and Fosdick Mountains give a Middle Cretaceous paleomagnetic pole at 222.3?? E, 70.5?? S (A95 6.1??, KAPPA 20.0). This pole is indistinguishable from other Middle Cretaceous poles for studies further east in Marie Byrd Land. Combining middle Cretaceous poles determined for three other studies of the Antarctic Peninsula. Thurston Island, and the Ruppert-Hobbs coasts with ours gives a Pacific West Antarctic pole at 215.2?? E, 73.5?? S (A95 4.0??, KAPPA 528.9). This pole is discordant by 5?? to 10?? from synthetic mid-Cretaceous East Antarctic reference poles, but the degree of discordance is very sensitive to the choice of the specific reference pole. The lack of native East Antarctic reference poles leaves this analysis inconclusive. Accepting 10?? of discordance, we favor an interpretation where Pacific West Antarctic crustal domains or microplates have rotated clockwise 40?? to 90?? and translated a few degrees away from East Antarctica during Late Cretaceous time.

Different Temperature and Cooling Patterns at the Blunt and Sharp Egg Poles Reflect the Arrangement of Eggs in an Avian Clutch

PubMed Central

Šálek, Miroslav E.; Zárybnická, Markéta

2015-01-01

Incubation is an energetically demanding process during which birds apply heat to their eggs to ensure embryonic development. Parent behaviours such as egg turning and exchanging the outer and central eggs in the nest cup affect the amount of heat lost to the environment from individual eggs. Little is known, however, about whether and how egg surface temperature and cooling rates vary among the different areas of an egg and how the arrangement of eggs within the clutch influences heat loss. We performed laboratory (using Japanese quail eggs) and field (with northern lapwing eggs) experiments using infrared imaging to assess the temperature and cooling patterns of heated eggs and clutches. We found that (i) the sharp poles of individual quail eggs warmed to a higher egg surface temperature than did the blunt poles, resulting in faster cooling at the sharp poles compared to the blunt poles; (ii) both quail and lapwing clutches with the sharp poles oriented towards the clutch centre (arranged clutches) maintained higher temperatures over the central part of the clutch than occurred in those clutches where most of the sharp egg poles were oriented towards the exterior (scattered clutches); and (iii) the arranged clutches of both quail and lapwing showed slower cooling rates at both the inner and outer clutch positions than did the respective parts of scattered clutches. Our results demonstrate that egg surface temperature and cooling rates differ between the sharp and blunt poles of the egg and that the orientation of individual eggs within the nest cup can significantly affect cooling of the clutch as a whole. We suggest that birds can arrange their eggs within the nest cup to optimise thermoregulation of the clutch. PMID:25658846

Different temperature and cooling patterns at the blunt and sharp egg poles reflect the arrangement of eggs in an avian clutch.

PubMed

Šálek, Miroslav E; Zárybnická, Markéta

2015-01-01

Incubation is an energetically demanding process during which birds apply heat to their eggs to ensure embryonic development. Parent behaviours such as egg turning and exchanging the outer and central eggs in the nest cup affect the amount of heat lost to the environment from individual eggs. Little is known, however, about whether and how egg surface temperature and cooling rates vary among the different areas of an egg and how the arrangement of eggs within the clutch influences heat loss. We performed laboratory (using Japanese quail eggs) and field (with northern lapwing eggs) experiments using infrared imaging to assess the temperature and cooling patterns of heated eggs and clutches. We found that (i) the sharp poles of individual quail eggs warmed to a higher egg surface temperature than did the blunt poles, resulting in faster cooling at the sharp poles compared to the blunt poles; (ii) both quail and lapwing clutches with the sharp poles oriented towards the clutch centre (arranged clutches) maintained higher temperatures over the central part of the clutch than occurred in those clutches where most of the sharp egg poles were oriented towards the exterior (scattered clutches); and (iii) the arranged clutches of both quail and lapwing showed slower cooling rates at both the inner and outer clutch positions than did the respective parts of scattered clutches. Our results demonstrate that egg surface temperature and cooling rates differ between the sharp and blunt poles of the egg and that the orientation of individual eggs within the nest cup can significantly affect cooling of the clutch as a whole. We suggest that birds can arrange their eggs within the nest cup to optimise thermoregulation of the clutch.

Cenozoic to Cretaceous paleomagnetic dataset from Egypt: New data, review and global analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Perrin, Mireille; Saleh, Ahmed

2018-04-01

Different phases of igneous activity took place in Egypt during the Mesozoic and the Cenozoic and oriented samples were collected from three Cenozoic localities (Baharya oasis in the Western Desert, Abu Had in the Eastern Desert and Quseir along the Red Sea coast), and four Cretaceous localities (Toshki & Abu Simbel south of Aswan, and Shalaten & Abu Shihat along the Red Sea coast). Rock magnetic properties of the samples indicate magnetite and titanomagnetite as the main carrier of the remanent magnetization. Following stepwise demagnetization, characteristic remanent directions were identified only for 62% of the samples, a fairly low rate for that type of samples, and 8 new paleomagnetic poles were calculated. All our Cenozoic poles fall clearly off Master Polar Wander Paths proposed for South Africa. Therefore, all paleomagnetic results, previously published for Egypt, were compiled from Cretaceous to Quaternary. The published poles largely overlap, blurring the Egyptian Apparent Polar Wander Path. A new analysis at the site level was then carried out. Only poles having a kappa larger than 50 were selected, and new pole positions were calculated by area and by epoch, when at least 3 sites were available. Even though the selection drastically reduced the number of considered poles, it allows definition of a reliable Cenozoic apparent polar wander trend for Egypt that differs from the South African Master Polar Wander Path by about 10-15 °. If the Cretaceous igneous poles are in good agreement with the rest of the African data, the sedimentary poles plot close to the Cenozoic portion of the South African Master Polar Wander Path, a discrepancy that could be related either to inclination flattening and/or error on age and/or remagnetization in the Cenozoic.

On the light massive flavor dependence of the large order asymptotic behavior and the ambiguity of the pole mass

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hoang, André H.; Lepenik, Christopher; Preisser, Moritz

Here, we provide a systematic renormalization group formalism for the mass effects in the relation of the pole mass m Q pole and short-distance masses such as themore » $$—\\atop{MS}$$ mass $$—\\atop{m}$$ Q of a heavy quark Q, coming from virtual loop insertions of massive quarks lighter than Q. The formalism reflects the constraints from heavy quark symmetry and entails a combined matching and evolution procedure that allows to disentangle and successively integrate out the corrections coming from the lighter massive quarks and the momentum regions between them and to precisely control the large order asymptotic behavior. With the formalism we systematically sum logarithms of ratios of the lighter quark masses and m Q , relate the QCD corrections for different external heavy quarks to each other, predict the O(α$$4\\atop{s}$$) virtual quark mass corrections in the pole-$$—\\atop{MS}$$ mass relation, calculate the pole mass differences for the top, bottom and charm quarks with a precision of around 20 MeV and analyze the decoupling of the lighter massive quark flavors at large orders. The summation of logarithms is most relevant for the top quark pole mass m t pole, where the hierarchy to the bottom and charm quarks is large. We determine the ambiguity of the pole mass for top, bottom and charm quarks in different scenarios with massive or massless bottom and charm quarks in a way consistent with heavy quark symmetry, and we find that it is 250 MeV. The ambiguity is larger than current projections for the precision of top quark mass measurements in the high-luminosity phase of the LHC.« less

On the light massive flavor dependence of the large order asymptotic behavior and the ambiguity of the pole mass

DOE PAGES

Hoang, André H.; Lepenik, Christopher; Preisser, Moritz

2017-09-20

Here, we provide a systematic renormalization group formalism for the mass effects in the relation of the pole mass m Q pole and short-distance masses such as themore » $$—\\atop{MS}$$ mass $$—\\atop{m}$$ Q of a heavy quark Q, coming from virtual loop insertions of massive quarks lighter than Q. The formalism reflects the constraints from heavy quark symmetry and entails a combined matching and evolution procedure that allows to disentangle and successively integrate out the corrections coming from the lighter massive quarks and the momentum regions between them and to precisely control the large order asymptotic behavior. With the formalism we systematically sum logarithms of ratios of the lighter quark masses and m Q , relate the QCD corrections for different external heavy quarks to each other, predict the O(α$$4\\atop{s}$$) virtual quark mass corrections in the pole-$$—\\atop{MS}$$ mass relation, calculate the pole mass differences for the top, bottom and charm quarks with a precision of around 20 MeV and analyze the decoupling of the lighter massive quark flavors at large orders. The summation of logarithms is most relevant for the top quark pole mass m t pole, where the hierarchy to the bottom and charm quarks is large. We determine the ambiguity of the pole mass for top, bottom and charm quarks in different scenarios with massive or massless bottom and charm quarks in a way consistent with heavy quark symmetry, and we find that it is 250 MeV. The ambiguity is larger than current projections for the precision of top quark mass measurements in the high-luminosity phase of the LHC.« less

Combined mismatch repair and POLE/POLD1 defects explain unresolved suspected Lynch syndrome cancers

PubMed Central

Jansen, Anne ML; van Wezel, Tom; van den Akker, Brendy EWM; Ventayol Garcia, Marina; Ruano, Dina; Tops, Carli MJ; Wagner, Anja; Letteboer, Tom GW; Gómez-García, Encarna B; Devilee, Peter; Wijnen, Juul T; Hes, Frederik J; Morreau, Hans

2016-01-01

Many suspected Lynch Syndrome (sLS) patients who lack mismatch repair (MMR) germline gene variants and MLH1 or MSH2 hypermethylation are currently explained by somatic MMR gene variants or, occasionally, by germline POLE variants. To further investigate unexplained sLS patients, we analyzed leukocyte and tumor DNA of 62 sLS patients using gene panel sequencing including the POLE, POLD1 and MMR genes. Forty tumors showed either one, two or more somatic MMR variants predicted to affect function. Nine sLS tumors showed a likely ultramutated phenotype and were found to carry germline (n=2) or somatic variants (n=7) in the POLE/POLD1 exonuclease domain (EDM). Six of these POLE/POLD1-EDM mutated tumors also carried somatic MMR variants. Our findings suggest that faulty proofreading may result in loss of MMR and thereby in microsatellite instability. PMID:26648449

Human DNA polymerase ε is phosphorylated at serine-1940 after DNA damage and interacts with the iron-sulfur complex chaperones CIAO1 and MMS19

PubMed Central

Moiseeva, Tatiana; Gamper, Armin M.; Hood, Brian; Conrads, Thomas P.; Bakkenist, Christopher J.

2016-01-01

We describe a dynamic phosphorylation on serine-1940 of the catalytic subunit of human Pol ε, POLE1, following DNA damage. We also describe novel interactions between POLE1 and the iron-sulfur cluster assembly complex CIA proteins CIAO1 and MMS19. We show that serine-1940 is essential for the interaction between POLE1 and MMS19, but not POLE1 and CIAO1. No defect in either proliferation or survival was identified when POLE1 serine-1940 was mutated to alanine in human cells, even following treatment with DNA damaging agents. We conclude that serine-1940 phosphorylation and the interaction between serine-1940 and MMS19 are not essential functions in the C terminal domain of the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase ε. PMID:27235625

Piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties of PZT/P(VDF-TrFE) composites with constituent phases poled in parallel or antiparallel directions.

PubMed

Ng, K L; Chan, H L; Choy, C L

2000-01-01

Composites of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) powder dispersed in a vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer [P(VDF-TrFE)] matrix have been prepared by compression molding. Three groups of polarized samples have been prepared by poling: only the ceramic phase, the ceramic and polymer phases in parallel directions, and the two phases in antiparallel directions. The measured permittivities of the unpoled composites are consistent with the predictions of the Bruggeman model. The changes in the pyroelectric and piezoelectric coefficients of the poled composites with increasing ceramic volume fraction can be described by modified linear mixture rules. When the ceramic and copolymer phases are poled in the same direction, their pyroelectric activities reinforce while their piezoelectric activities partially cancel. However, when the ceramic and copolymer phases are poled in opposite directions, their piezoelectric activities reinforce while their pyroelectric activities partially cancel.

Structure of hadron resonances with a nearby zero of the amplitude

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kamiya, Yuki; Hyodo, Tetsuo

2018-03-01

We discuss the relation between the analytic structure of the scattering amplitude and the origin of an eigenstate represented by a pole of the amplitude. If the eigenstate is not dynamically generated by the interaction in the channel of interest, the residue of the pole vanishes in the zero coupling limit. Based on the topological nature of the phase of the scattering amplitude, we show that the pole must encounter with the Castillejo-Dalitz-Dyson (CDD) zero in this limit. It is concluded that the dynamical component of the eigenstate is small if a CDD zero exists near the eigenstate pole. We show that the line shape of the resonance is distorted from the Breit-Wigner form as an observable consequence of the nearby CDD zero. Finally, studying the positions of poles and CDD zeros of the K ¯ N -π Σ amplitude, we discuss the origin of the eigenstates in the Λ (1405 ) region.

The efficacy of radiographic anatomical measurement methods in predicting success after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for lower pole kidney stones.

PubMed

Arpali, Emre; Altinel, Mert; Sargin, Semih Yasar

2014-01-01

To assess the impact of lower pole calyceal anatomy on clearace of lower pole stones after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) by means of a new and previously defined radiographic measurement method. Sixty-four patients with solitary radiopaque lower pole kidney stones were enrolled in the study. Infundibulopelvic angle (IPA), infundibulotransverse angle (ITA), infundibular lenght(IL), and infundibular width (IW) were measured on the intravenous urographies which were taken before the procedure. 48 of 64 patients (75%) were stone-free after a follow-up period of 3 months. The IPA,ITA,IL and IW were determined as statistically significant factors, while age,gender and stone area were found to have no impact on clearance. By the help of radiographic measurement methods related to lower pole kidney anatomy, appropriate patient selection and increment in success after ESWL may be achieved.

The pole tide in deep oceans

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dickman, S. R.

1990-01-01

The fluid-dynamical theory of the pole tide is examined by describing the oceanic response to the Chandler wobble and assessing its implications for mantle anelasticity and low-frequency ocean dynamics. The Laplace tide equations accounting for bottom friction are given, and a spherical harmonic approach is delineated in which the time-independent portion of the tide height is expanded. Pole-tide height and related inertia products are linearly proportional to wobble amplitude, and the final equations are modified to account for mantle elasticity and oceanic loading. Results for pole tide effects are given for various earth models with attention to the role of boundary constraints. A dynamic effect is identified which lengthens the Chandler period by about 1 day more than static lengthening, a contribution that suggests a vigorous low-frequency response. The values derived are shown to agree with previous models that do not incorporate the effects of the pole tide.

Fiber grating systems used to measure strain in cylindrical structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Udd, Eric; Corona-Bittick, Kelli; Slattery, Kerry T.; Dorr, Donald J.; Crowe, C. Robert; Vandiver, Terry L.; Evans, Robert N.

1997-07-01

Fiber optic grating systems are described that have been used to measure strain in cylindrical structures. The applications of these systems to a composite utility pole and to a composite missile body are described. Composite utility poles have significant advantages with respect to wooden utility poles that include superior strength and uniformity; light weight for ease of deployment; the ability to be recycled, reducing hazardous waste associated with chemically treated wooden poles; and compatibility with embedded fiber optic sensors, allowing structural loads to be monitored. Tests conducted of fiber optic grating sensors in combination with an overcoupled coupler demodulation system to support structural testing of a 22-ft composite pole are reported. Monitoring strain in composite missile bodies has the potential to improve the quality of manufactured parts, support performance testing, and enhance safety during long periods of storage. Strain measurements made with fiber optic grating and electrical strain gauges are described.

Electro-dynamic machine, system and method

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ouyang, Wen; Ramanan, Varagur

One embodiment is a unique Vernier machine comprising a rotor and a stator. The rotor comprises a back portion and a plurality of permanent magnets. The stator comprises a plurality of ferromagnetic arm structures, a plurality of ferromagnetic pole structures extending from each of the ferromagnetic arm structures in a direction toward the permanent magnets, and a plurality of conductive windings disposed about respective ones of the plurality of ferromagnetic arm structures. The ferromagnetic pole structures are structured to collect magnetic flux from the permanent magnets. The ferromagnetic pole structures of each of said ferromagnetic arm structures are spaced apartmore » from one another according to a non-uniform pattern such that the ferromagnetic pole structures of a given ferromagnetic arm structure have substantially the same angular position relative to the permanent magnets radially opposite from the ferromagnetic pole structures of the given ferromagnetic arm structure.« less

CSEM-Steel hybrid wiggler/undulator magnetic field studies

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Halbach, K.; Hoyer, E.; Marks, S.

1985-06-01

Current design of permanent magnet wiggler/undulators use either pure charge sheet equivalent material (CSEM) or the CSEM-Steel hybrid configuration. Hybrid configurations offer higher field strength at small gaps, field distributions dominated by the pole surfaces and pole tuning. Nominal performance of the hybrid is generally predicted using a 2-D magnetic design code neglecting transverse geometry. Magnetic measurements are presented showing transverse configuration influence on performance, from a combination of models using CSEMs, REC (H/sub c/ = 9.2 KOe) and NdFe (H/sub c/ = 10.7 kOe), different pole widths and end configurations. Results show peak field improvement using NdFe in placemore » of REC in identical models, gap peak field decrease with pole width decrease (all results less than computed 2-D fields), transverse gap field distributions, and importance of CSEM material overhanging the poles in the transverse direction for highest gap fields. 3 refs., 6 figs.« less

Comparison of the Jovian north and south pole aurorae using the IUE observatory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Skinner, T. E.; Moos, H. W.

1984-01-01

New results on the spatial and temporal variability of the auroral emissions from Jupiter have been obtained from three IUE observations of the south pole made during the period July 1983 to March 1984. The current observations, together with previous IUE studies of the north pole aurora, provide convincing evidence for persistent longitudinal asymmetries in the Jovian auroral emissions. The strongest emissions appear to originate from regions centered near lambda-III of about 0 deg at the south pole and lambda-III of about 185 deg at the north pole. Differences in surface magnetic field strength seem inadequate to explain the extent to which particles precipitating along field lines into a given longitude sector in one hemisphere are inhibited from precipitating along the same field lines into the opposite hemisphere. Thus, the IUE auroral results present a challenge to existing models of auroral production.

Preliminary report on soil-rootlet relationships to pole blight of western white pine

Treesearch

Otis L. Copeland; Charles D. Leaphart

1955-01-01

Results of a coordinated soil-rootlet mortality study in 1954 indicate that the severity of the pole blight disease of western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl.) is significantly correlated with certain physical soil characteristics and rootlet mortality. The finding of this relationship does not necessarily imply that these factors are the cause of pole blight....

Detail of 25' highband reflector screen poles with monopole antenna ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Detail of 25' high-band reflector screen poles with monopole antenna elements behind, note the metal sleeve bases of the reflector screen poles and the guy wire anchors from the dipole antenna elements (left foreground), view facing north northwest - U.S. Naval Base, Pearl Harbor, Naval Radio Station, AF/FRD-10 Circularly Disposed Antenna Array, Wahiawa, Honolulu County, HI

77 FR 67313 - Revising the Exemption for Digger Derricks in the Cranes and Derricks in Construction Standard

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-09

... transformers and other items to the pole. Commenters complained that the exemption would be largely meaningless... attaching transformers and other equipment to the poles (see 29 CFR 1400(c)(4)). In that exemption, OSHA... that performs the pole work typically installs pad- mount transformers on the ground as part of the...

Sampling tree tops by helicopter...special pole pruner cuts branchlets

Treesearch

John F. Wear; Robert G. Winterfeld

1966-01-01

A new technique for sampling tops of tall Douglas-fir trees by using a special pole pruner from a helicopter has been developed and field-tested. Thee pole pruner cuts and holds a branchlet. Foliage samples collected will be compared by spectral analysis to show the type of aerial imagery that best differentiates healthy trees from those attacked by root rot.

7 CFR 1728.202 - Bulletin 1728H-702, Specification for Quality Control and Inspection of Timber Products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...) Unless otherwise specified, borings shall be taken approximately 1 foot above the face brand to 1 foot below the face brand. For pressure treated Western Red Cedar and all butt treated poles, borings shall... fewer than 20 poles shall be bored once. Charges with less than 15 poles shall be bored once and bored...

7 CFR 1728.202 - Bulletin 1728H-702, Specification for Quality Control and Inspection of Timber Products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...) Unless otherwise specified, borings shall be taken approximately 1 foot above the face brand to 1 foot below the face brand. For pressure treated Western Red Cedar and all butt treated poles, borings shall... fewer than 20 poles shall be bored once. Charges with less than 15 poles shall be bored once and bored...

7 CFR 1728.202 - Bulletin 1728H-702, Specification for Quality Control and Inspection of Timber Products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...) Unless otherwise specified, borings shall be taken approximately 1 foot above the face brand to 1 foot below the face brand. For pressure treated Western Red Cedar and all butt treated poles, borings shall... fewer than 20 poles shall be bored once. Charges with less than 15 poles shall be bored once and bored...

Microwave active filters based on coupled negative resistance method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chang, Chi-Yang; Itoh, Tatsuo

1990-12-01

A novel coupled negative resistance method for building a microwave active bandpass filter is introduced. Based on this method, four microstrip line end-coupled filters were built. Two are fixed-frequency one-pole and two-pole filters, and two are tunable one-pole and two-pole filters. In order to broaden the bandwidth of the end-coupled filter, a modified end-coupled structure is proposed. Using the modified structure, an active filter with a bandwidth up to 7.5 percent was built. All of the filters show significant passband performance improvement. Specifically, the passband bandwidth was broadened by a factor of 5 to 20.

Brushless machine having ferromagnetic side plates and side magnets

DOEpatents

Hsu, John S

2012-10-23

An apparatus is provided having a cylindrical stator and a rotor that is spaced from a stator to define an annular primary air gap that receives AC flux from the stator. The rotor has a plurality of longitudinal pole portions disposed parallel to the axis of rotation and alternating in polarity around a circumference of the rotor. Each longitudinal pole portion includes portions of permanent magnet (PM) material and at least one of the longitudinal pole portions has a first end and an opposing second end and a side magnet is disposed adjacent the first end and a side pole is disposed adjacent the second end.

Investigation of the spatial distribution of second-order nonlinearity in thermally poled optical fibers.

PubMed

An, Honglin; Fleming, Simon

2005-05-02

The spatial distribution of second-order nonlinearity in thermally poled optical fibers was characterized by second-harmonic microscopy. The second-order nonlinearity was found to be confined to a thin layer close to the anode surface and progressed further into the silica as the poling time increased. Position uncertainty of the anode metal wire was observed to have an effect, as the nonlinear layers were found not always symmetrically located around the nearest points between the anode and cathode. Optical microscopy results were obtained on etched poled fiber cross-sections and compared with those from second-harmonic microscopy.

Laser-induced ferroelectric domain engineering in LiNbO3 crystals using an amorphous silicon overlayer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zisis, G.; Martinez-Jimenez, G.; Franz, Y.; Healy, N.; Masaud, T. M.; Chong, H. M. H.; Soergel, E.; Peacock, A. C.; Mailis, S.

2017-08-01

We report laser-induced poling inhibition and direct poling in lithium niobate crystals (LiNbO3), covered with an amorphous silicon (a-Si) light-absorbing layer, using a visible (488 nm) continuous wave laser source. Our results show that the use of the a-Si overlayer produces deeper poling inhibited domains with minimum surface damage, as compared to previously reported UV laser writing experiments on uncoated crystals, thus increasing the applicability of this method in the production of ferroelectric domain engineered structures for nonlinear optical applications. The characteristics of the poling inhibited domains were investigated using differential etching and piezoresponse force microscopy.

Influence of slot number and pole number in fault-tolerant brushless dc motors having unequal tooth widths

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ishak, D.; Zhu, Z. Q.; Howe, D.

2005-05-01

The electromagnetic performance of fault-tolerant three-phase permanent magnet brushless dc motors, in which the wound teeth are wider than the unwound teeth and their tooth tips span approximately one pole pitch and which have similar numbers of slots and poles, is investigated. It is shown that they have a more trapezoidal phase back-emf wave form, a higher torque capability, and a lower torque ripple than similar fault-tolerant machines with equal tooth widths. However, these benefits gradually diminish as the pole number is increased, due to the effect of interpole leakage flux.

The December 2015 North Pole Warming Event and the Increasing Occurrence of Such Events

PubMed Central

Moore, G. W. K.

2016-01-01

In late December 2015, widespread media interest revolved around forecasts that the surface air temperature at the North Pole would rise above freezing. Although there has been significant interest in the enhanced warming that is occurring at high northern latitudes, a process known as arctic amplification, remarkably little is known about these midwinter warming events at the pole including their frequency, duration and magnitude as well as the environmental conditions responsible for their occurrence. Here we use buoy and radiosonde data along with operational weather forecasts and atmospheric reanalyses to show that such events are associated with surface cyclones near the pole as well as a highly perturbed polar vortex. They occur once or twice each decade with the earliest identified event taking place in 1959. In addition, the warmest midwinter temperatures at the North Pole have been increasing at a rate that is twice as large as that for mean midwinter temperatures at the pole. It is argued that this enhanced trend is consistent with the loss of winter sea ice from the Nordic Seas that moves the reservoir of warm air over this region northwards making it easier for weather systems to transport this heat polewards. PMID:27976745

Morphometric analysis of epidermal differentiation in primary roots of Zea mays

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Moore, R.; Smith, H. S.

1990-01-01

Epidermal differentiation in primary roots of Zea mays was divided into six cell types based on cellular shape and cytoplasmic appearance. These six cell types are: 1) apical protoderm, located at the tip of the root pole and characterized by periclinally flattened cells; 2) cuboidal protoderm, located approximately 230 microns from the root pole and characterized by cuboidal cells; 3) tabular epidermis, located approximately 450 microns from the root pole and characterized by anticlinally flattened cells; 4) cuboidal epidermis, located approximately 900 microns from the root pole and characterized by cuboidal cells having numerous small vacuoles; 5) vacuolate cuboidal epidermis, located approximately 1,500 microns from the root pole and characterized by cuboidal cells containing several large vacuoles; and 6) columnar epidermis, located approximately 2,200 microns from the root pole (i.e., at the beginning of the zone of elongation) and characterized by elongated cells. We also used stereology to quantify the cellular changes associated with epidermal differentiation. The quiescent center and the apical protoderm have significantly different ultrastructures. The relative volume of dictyosomes increases dramatically during the early stages of epidermal differentiation. This increase correlates inversely with the amount of coverage provided by the root cap and mucilage.

The 1500m South Pole Ice Core: Recovering a 40 Ka Environmental Record

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Casey, Kimberly Ann; Neumann, Thomas Allen; Fudge, T. J.; Neumann, T. A.; Steig, E. J.; Cavitte, M. G. P.; Blankenship, D. D.

2014-01-01

Supported by the US National Science Foundation, a new 1500 m, approximately 40 ka old ice core will be recovered from South Pole during the 2014/15 and 2015/16 austral summer seasons using the new US Intermediate Depth Drill. The combination of low temperatures, relatively high accumulation rates and low impurity concentrations at South Pole will yield detailed records of ice chemistry and trace atmospheric gases. The South Pole ice core will provide a climate history record of a unique area of the East Antarctic plateau that is partly influenced by weather systems that cross the West Antarctic ice sheet. The ice at South Pole flows at approximately 10m a(exp-1) and the South Pole ice-core site is a significant distance from an ice divide. Therefore, ice recovered at depth originated progressively farther upstream of the coring site. New ground-penetrating radar collected over the drill site location shows no anthropogenic influence over the past approximately 50 years or upper 15 m. Depth-age scale modeling results show consistent and plausible annual-layer thicknesses and accumulation rate histories, indicating that no significant stratigraphic disturbances exist in the upper 1500m near the ice-core drill site.

Lunar Pole Illumination and Communications Statistics Computed from GSSR Elevation Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bryant, Scott

2010-01-01

The Goldstone Solar System RADAR (GSSR) group at JPL produced a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the lunar south pole using data obtained in 2006. This model has 40-meter horizontal resolution and about 5-meter relative vertical accuracy. This paper uses that Digital Elevation Model to compute average solar illumination and Earth visibility near the lunar south pole. This data quantifies solar power and Earth communications resources at proposed lunar base locations. The elevation data were converted into local terrain horizon masks, then converted into selenographic latitude and longitude coordinates. The horizon masks were compared to latitude, longitude regions bounding the maximum Sun and Earth motions relative to the moon. Proposed lunar south pole base sites were examined in detail, with the best site showing multi-year averages of solar power availability of 92% and Direct-To-Earth (DTE) communication availability of about 50%. Results are compared with a theoretical model, and with actual sun and Earth visibility averaged over the years 2009 to 2028. Results for the lunar North pole were computed using the GSSR DEM of the lunar North pole produced in 1997. The paper also explores using a heliostat to reduce the photovoltaic power system mass and complexity.

Advanced processing methods to introduce and preserve dipole orientation in organic electro-optic materials for next generation photonic devices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huang, Su

Organic electro-optic (E-O) materials have attracted considerable research attention in the past 20 years due to their rising potentials in a lot of novel photonic applications, such as high-speed telecommunication, terahertz generation and ultra-fast optical interconnections. Chapter 2 of this dissertation focuses on a barrier layer approach to improve the poling efficiency of electro-optic polymers. First of all, high conduction current from excessive charge injection is identified as a fundamental challenge of effective poling. After analyzing the conduction mechanism, we introduce a sol-gel derived thin titanium dioxide (TiO2) layer that can significantly block excessive charge injection and reduce the leakage current during high field poling. Ultralarge E-O coefficients, up to 160-350 pm/V at 1310 nm have been achieved by poling with such a barrier, which are 26%-40% higher than the results poled without such a TiO2 layer. This enhancement is explained by the suppressed charge injection and space charge accumulation by the insertion of the high injection barrier from the TiO2 barrier layer. In Chapter 3, the impact of the inserted barrier layer on the temporal alignment stability of E-O polymers is discussed. Considerable stability enhancement is confirmed using both standard 500-hour temporal alignment stability test at 85 °C and thermally stimulated discharge method. We suggest that the enhancement comes from improved stability of the screening charge. During poling the additional barrier layer helps to lower the injection and thus the space charge accumulation. And this reduced space charge accumulation further helps to replace the space charge part in the total formulation of screening charge with more stable interface trapped charge. We thus expand this knowledge to a group of other materials that can also block excessive charge injection and suppressed space charge accumulation, including dielectric polymers polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), poly(4-vinylphenol) (PVP) and TOPAS as well as ferroelectric polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE), 65/35 copolymer), which differ largely from the others in dielectric constant, conductivity and surface properties. The only common feature of them is that they all lowered the charge injection and leakage current for 1-2 orders during poling. On every buffer layer we tried, similar trend of stability enhancement is found. These results suggest that the observed temporal stability enhancement is indeed an effect from the abovementioned mechanism. Chapter 4 focuses on the development of an innovative new poling method, which utilizes pyroelectric effect instead of external power sources to overcome the limitations of conventional contact poling and corona poling. With careful theory assisted design, we developed a reliable protocol to efficiently introduce dipole orientation in organic E-O materials by heating and cooling them with detachable pyroelectric crystals. This new method can potentially improve the process adaptability of organic E-O materials in a variety of photonic devices. Large Pockels coefficients (up to 81 pm/V at 1.3 micron) have been successfully achieved in thin films poled using this method. The effective fields in these experiments are estimated to be around 0.5 to 0.9 MV/cm, which agree well with the electrostatics analysis using an idealized model. The same method is directly applied to surface modified hybrid polymer silicon slot waveguide ring-resonator modulators devices. A 25 pm/V tunability of resonance peak wavelength shift has been realized, which was higher than any reported results in similar devices. Chapter 5 discusses about the possible application of the pyroelectric poling in a multi-stack waveguide device architecture. A long-existing challenge to pole E-O polymer based photonic devices is how to effectively drop the poling voltage to the core layer, which is usually sandwiched between two dielectric claddings. In the past, this was done by using relatively conductive claddings, which on the other hand can bring larger optical loss and dielectric loss to the waveguide. Thus careful engineering compromise must be made between better poling efficiency and lower loss. Pyroelectric poling as discussed in Chapter 4 opens up new possibilities. In this chapter, it is demonstrated that E-O polymer films can be poled even with 3 orders thicker dielectric layer in circuit using pyroelectric poling. The theoretical analysis matches well with the experimental results. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).

Cassini/CIRS Observations of Saturn’s Polar Vortices from Proximal Orbit Observations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Achterberg, Richard; Bjoraker, Gordon L.; Hesman, Brigette E.; Flasar, F. Michael

2017-10-01

The proximal orbit phase of the Cassini mission, with periapses inside the inner edge of the rings, has allowed observations of Saturn’s atmosphere with unprecedented spatial resolution. During the periapse periods on 26 April and 29 June 2017, the Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) performed scans over both the north and south poles with a spatial resolution better than 0.2° of latitude, over a factor of 4 better resolution than previous observations. A further observation of the south pole is planned on 20 Aug 2017.Previous thermal infrared observations of Saturn’s poles [1,2] showed a compact hot spot in the upper troposphere at each pole, roughly coincident with the hurricane-like polar vortex seen in visible imaging [3]. Preliminary results from the proximal orbit scans of the north pole, near summer solstice, show that in the upper troposphere, the meridional temperature gradient increases sharply at about 89°N, with the temperature increasing by ~5K between 89°N and the pole, with the temperature gradient persisting all the way to the pole within the spatial resolution of the observation. In the northern stratosphere, the polar hot spot is broader than in the troposphere, extending to ~86°N at 4 mbar, and disappearing into the general meridional gradient at 1 mbar.[1] G. S. Orton and P. A. Yanamadra-Fisher, Science 307, 696[2] L. N. Fletcher et al., Science, 319, 79[3] U. A. Dyudina et al., Icarus, 202, 240.

Detection of Allelic Variants of the POLE and POLD1 Genes in Colorectal Cancer Patients

PubMed Central

LA, Pätzold; D, Bērziņa; Z, Daneberga; J, Gardovskis; E, Miklaševičs

2017-01-01

Abstract Incidence of colorectal cancer is high worldwide and it mostly occurs as an accumulation of environmental factors and genetic alterations. Hereditary colorectal cancer can develop as a part of a hereditary syndrome. There is a suspected correlation between colorectal cancer and allelic variants of the POLE and POLD1 genes. The aim of the present study was to look for associations between the allelic variants in the POLE and POLD1 genes and colorectal cancer. One thousand, seven hundred and forty-nine DNA samples from colorectal cancer patients were collected from 2002 to 2013. Samples were divided in three groups: hereditary colorectal cancer patients, patients with different hereditary cancer syndromes in their families and patients with no cancer history in their families. The DNA samples were screened for allelic variants of POLE rs483352909 and POLD1 rs39751463 using denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC). All patients were negative for allelic variants rs483352909 of the POLE gene and rs397514632 of the POLD1 gene. One allelic variant rs373243003 in the POLE gene and one novel duplication of four nucleotides at the excision site between intron and exon (c.1384-5dupCCTA) in the POLD1 gene, was found. We could not detect or confirm the connection between the genetic variants in the POLD1 and POLE genes and colorectal cancer patients, but we detected a novel genetic variant with an unknown significance. PMID:29876237

Model prediction for temperature dependence of meson pole masses from lattice QCD results on meson screening masses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ishii, Masahiro; Kouno, Hiroaki; Yahiro, Masanobu

2017-06-01

We propose a practical effective model by introducing temperature (T ) dependence to the coupling strengths of four-quark and six-quark Kobayashi-Maskawa-'t Hooft interactions in the 2 +1 flavor Polyakov-loop extended Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. The T dependence is determined from lattice QCD (LQCD) data on the renormalized chiral condensate around the pseudocritical temperature Tcχ of chiral crossover and the screening-mass difference between π and a0 mesons in T >1.1 Tcχ where only the U (1 )A-symmetry breaking survives. The model well reproduces LQCD data on screening masses Mξscr(T ) for both pseudoscalar mesons (ξ =π ,K ,η ,η' ) and scalar ones (ξ =a0,κ ,σ ,f0 ), particularly in T ≳Tcχ . Using this effective model, we predict meson pole masses Mξpole(T ) for scalar and pseudoscalar mesons. For η' meson, the prediction is consistent with the experimental value at finite T measured in heavy-ion collisions. We point out that the relation Mξscr(T )-Mξpole(T )≈Mξ' scr(T )-Mξ' pole(T ) is pretty good when ξ and ξ' are the scalar mesons, and show that the relation Mξscr(T )/Mξ' scr(T )≈Mξpole(T )/Mξ' pole(T ) is well satisfied within 20% error when ξ and ξ' are the pseudoscalar mesons and also when ξ and ξ' are the scalar mesons.

Genetic Manipulation of Glycogen Allocation Affects Replicative Lifespan in E. coli

PubMed Central

Röösli, Thomas; Bigosch, Colette; Ackermann, Martin

2016-01-01

In bacteria, replicative aging manifests as a difference in growth or survival between the two cells emerging from division. One cell can be regarded as an aging mother with a decreased potential for future survival and division, the other as a rejuvenated daughter. Here, we aimed at investigating some of the processes involved in aging in the bacterium Escherichia coli, where the two types of cells can be distinguished by the age of their cell poles. We found that certain changes in the regulation of the carbohydrate metabolism can affect aging. A mutation in the carbon storage regulator gene, csrA, leads to a dramatically shorter replicative lifespan; csrA mutants stop dividing once their pole exceeds an age of about five divisions. These old-pole cells accumulate glycogen at their old cell poles; after their last division, they do not contain a chromosome, presumably because of spatial exclusion by the glycogen aggregates. The new-pole daughters produced by these aging mothers are born young; they only express the deleterious phenotype once their pole is old. These results demonstrate how manipulations of nutrient allocation can lead to the exclusion of the chromosome and limit replicative lifespan in E. coli, and illustrate how mutations can have phenotypic effects that are specific for cells with old poles. This raises the question how bacteria can avoid the accumulation of such mutations in their genomes over evolutionary times, and how they can achieve the long replicative lifespans that have recently been reported. PMID:27093302

Undifferentiated and Dedifferentiated Endometrial Carcinomas With POLE Exonuclease Domain Mutations Have a Favorable Prognosis.

PubMed

Espinosa, Iñigo; Lee, Cheng-Han; D'Angelo, Emanuela; Palacios, José; Prat, Jaime

2017-08-01

POLE exonuclease domain mutations have recently been described in undifferentiated endometrial carcinoma but, because of the rarity of this aggressive type of endometrial cancer, their prognostic significance is unknown. We have analyzed the immunophenotype (ARID1A, MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, MSH6, p53, β-catenin, and SMARCB1) and mutational status (POLE, PIK3CA, and PTEN) of 21 undifferentiated carcinomas (8 undifferentiated and 13 dedifferentiated carcinomas). Loss of ARID1A expression was observed in 9 of 19 cases (47%), loss of expression of at least 1 DNA mismatch repair protein in 7 (7/21; 33%), and p53 immunoreaction was aberrant (mutated/inactivated) in 11 cases (11/21; 52%). All tumors were negative for β-catenin. Normal nuclear SMARCB1 (INI1) staining was found in all but 1 dedifferentiated case. Two undifferentiated and 7 dedifferentiated carcinomas showed POLE exonuclease domain mutations (9/21; 42%). PIK3CA mutations occurred in six tumors (6/21; 28%) (2 undifferentiated and 4 dedifferentiated carcinomas). PTEN mutations were found in 7 of 15 cases (47%) (4 undifferentiated and 3 dedifferentiated carcinomas). POLE-mutated undifferentiated and dedifferentiated endometrial carcinomas were more frequently stage I tumors than similar carcinomas lacking exonuclease domain mutations (7/9; 78% vs. 3/12; 25%; P=0.023) and patients had significantly better outcome (disease-specific survival) than those without POLE exonuclease domain mutations (P=0.02). Determination of the POLE mutation status is important for the management of these patients.

Conceptual Study of Permanent Magnet Machine Ship Propulsion Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-12-01

cycloconverter subsystem is designed using advanced thyristors and can be either water or air cooled. The machine-cycloconverter, many-phase or parallel...Turnb, Phase, Poles, Air Gap ................................. 3-9 3-5 Machine Characteristics Versus Number of Poles (large machine, 40 000 hp). Poles...cylindrical permanent magnet generator forces the power conditioner to provide for both frequency change and voltage control. The complexity of this dual

Trekking poles: Can you save your knees and the environment?

USGS Publications Warehouse

Marion, J.L.; Martinez, T.A.; Proudman, R.D.

2001-01-01

The increasing use of trekking poles has stimulated a growing awareness of some environmental and social impacts associated with their use. These impacts have not been documented in the scientific literature. This article reviews the impacts of trekking pole use to provide a basis for further dialogue, and suggests how they may be altered or used in ways that will minimize impact.

1. Launch facility, delta 6, approach road and gate, pole ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

1. Launch facility, delta 6, approach road and gate, pole marking the hardened intersite cable system in right center, commercial power pole outside fence in left center, view towards south - Ellsworth Air Force Base, Delta Flight, Launch Facility D-6, 4 miles north of Badlands National Park Headquarters, 4.5 miles east of Jackson County line on county road, Interior, Jackson County, SD

A possible pole problem in the formula for klystron gap fields

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kosmahl, H. G.

1977-01-01

In isolated cases a pole may be encountered in a previously published solution for the fields in a klystron gap. Formulas, permitting the critical combinations of parameters to be defined, are presented. It is noted that the region of inaccuracy surrounding the pole is sufficiently small and that a 0.1% change in the field changing parameter is enough to avoid it.

7 CFR 1728.202 - RUS Bulletin 1728H-702, RUS Specification for Quality Control and Inspection of Timber Products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... shall be bored at any point of the periphery approximately 6-12 inches (15.24-30.48 cm) above ground... fewer than 20 poles shall be bored once. Charges with less than 15 poles shall be bored once and bored... in the lot. (D) Retention samples shall be comprised of borings, representative of pole volumes for...

Monitoring Idaho fescue grasslands in the Big Horn Mountains, Wyoming, with a modified robel pole

Treesearch

Daniel W. Uresk; Thomas M. Juntti

2008-01-01

The reliability of monitoring visual obstruction and estimating standing herbage with a modified Robel pole was examined for high-elevation meadows in sedimentary soils on the Bighorn National Forest, Wyoming. Our objectives were to (1) test a modified pole graduated with 1.27-cm (0.5-inch) bands for estimating standing herbage based on linear regression of visual...

Summer at Saturn's North Pole: Seasonal Changes Seen by ISS & CIRS on Cassini, and VLT on the Ground

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sayanagi, K. M.; Blalock, J.; Fletcher, L. N.; Ingersoll, A. P.; Dyudina, U.; Ewald, S. P.

2016-12-01

We report seasonal changes in Saturn's north polar vortex seen by Cassini ISS, Cassini CIRS, and ground-based VLT VISIR thermal infrared observations. ISS observation of Saturn's northern high latitudes show that a reflective, bright polar spot has formed over the north pole, seen first in images captured in 2016. This coincides with the warm cyclonic north polar vortex that has been steadily warming since it was first discovered in 2007 by Cassini CIRS. The reflective spot was not present when the north pole was observed during the previous period of Cassini spacecraft's high-inclination orbits in 2012. In 2012, the concentration of light-scattering aerosols within 2-degree latitude of the north pole appeared to be less than that of the surrounding region, and appeared dark in all ISS filters. The new bright spot over the north pole is similar to that over the south pole seen in 2007. In 2007, Saturn was approaching the equinox of 2009 and south pole had been continuously illuminated since the previous equinox in 1995. The bright spot over the summer south pole in 2007 was hypothesized to consist of aerosols produced by ultraviolet photodissociation of hydrocarbon molecules; we follow this hypothesis to propose that the new bright spot over the north pole is also produced by the same mechanism. We argue that, in 2012 (3 years after equinox), the north polar bright spot hadn't formed because the ultraviolet insolation was not sufficient to produce enough photochemical aerosols. The new polar bright cloud formation is consistent with the rising abundances of stratospheric hydrocarbons (potential precursors to aerosol formation) over the north polar region as tracked by CIRS (Fletcher et al., 2015). In addition to ISS images, we also present CIRS and VLT-VISIR thermal maps of the northern high latitudes as the new north polar bright spot is expected to have implications on radiative energy balance. Our research has been supported by the Cassini Project, NASA grants OPR NNX11AM45G, CDAPS NNX15AD33G, PATM NNX14AK07G, and NSF grant AAG 1212216.

Quadrupole, octopole, and hexadecapole electric moments of Σ, Π, Δ, and Φ electronic states: Cylindrically asymmetric charge density distributions in linear molecules with nonzero electronic angular momentum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bruna, Pablo J.; Grein, Friedrich

2007-08-01

The number of independent components, n, of traceless electric 2l-multipole moments is determined for C∞v molecules in Σ ±, Π, Δ, and Φ electronic states (Λ=0,1,2,3). Each 2l pole is defined by a rank-l irreducible tensor with (2l+1) components Pm(l) proportional to the solid spherical harmonic rlYml(θ,φ). Here we focus our attention on 2l poles with l =2,3,4 (quadrupole Θ, octopole Ω, and hexadecapole Φ). An important conclusion of this study is that n can be 1 or 2 depending on both the multipole rank l and state quantum number Λ. For Σ±(Λ=0) states, all 2l poles have one independent parameter (n=1). For spatially degenerate states—Π, Δ, and Φ (Λ=1,2,3)—the general rule reads n =1 for l <2∣Λ∣ (when the 2l-pole rank lies below 2∣Λ∣) but n =2 for higher 2l poles with l ⩾2∣Λ∣. The second nonzero term is the off-diagonal matrix element ⟨ψ+Λ∣P∣m∣=2Λ(l)∣ψ-Λ⟩. Thus, a Π(Λ =1) state has one dipole (μz) but two independent 2l poles for l ⩾2—starting with the quadrupole [Θzz,(Θxx-Θyy)]. A Δ(Λ =2) state has n =1 for 2(1,2,3) poles (μz,Θzz,Ωzzz) but n =2 for higher 2(l⩾4) poles—from the hexadecapole Φ up. For Φ(Λ =3) states, it holds that n =1 for 21 to 25 poles but n =2 for all 2(l⩾6) poles. In short, what is usually stated in the literature—that n =1 for all possible 2l poles of linear molecules—only applies to Σ± states. For degenerate states with n =2, all Cartesian 2l-pole components (l⩾2∣Λ∣) can be expressed as linear combinations of two irreducible multipoles, Pm=0(l ) and P∣m∣=2Λ(l) [parallel (z axis) and anisotropy (xy plane)]. Our predictions are exemplified by the Θ, Ω, and Φ moments calculated for Λ =0-3 states of selected diatomics (in parentheses): XΣ+2(CN ), XΠ2(NO ), aΠu3(C2), XΔ2(NiH ), XΔ3(TiO ), XΦ3(CoF ), and XΦ4(TiF ). States of Π symmetry are most affected by the deviation from axial symmetry.

Gravity increase at the south pole

USGS Publications Warehouse

Behrendt, John C.

1967-01-01

Abstract. Measurements made between December 1957 and January 1966 of the gravity difference between the McMurdo Sound pendulum station, which is on bedrock, and the South Pole station, which is on the Antarctic ice sheet, show a gravity increase at the South Pole of 0.11 milligals per year. The most likely hypothesis for the increase is that it was caused by ice flowing downslope across a gravity gradient and by the sinking of the South Pole station as a result of accumulation of ice. An alternate hypothesis that the gravity increase was caused by a decrease in ice thickness, of about 40 centimeters per year, is theoretically possible but is not supported by direct evidence.

The occultation of 28 Sgr by Saturn - Saturn pole position and astrometry

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hubbard, W. B.; Porco, C. C.; Hunten, D. M.; Rieke, G. H.; Rieke, M. J.; Mccarthy, D. W.; Haemmerle, V.; Clark, R.; Turtle, E. P.; Haller, J.

1993-01-01

Saturn's ring plane-defined pole position is presently derived from the geometry of Saturn's July 3, 1989 occultation of 28 Sgr, as indicated by the timings of 12 circular edges in the Saturn C-ring as well as the edges of the Encke gap and the outer edge of the Keeler gap. The edge timings are used to solve for the position angle and opening angle of the apparent ring ellipses; the internal consistency of the data set and the redundancy of stations indicates an absolute error of the order of 5 km. The pole position thus obtained is consistent with the pole and ring radius scale derived from Voyager occultation observations.

Analysis of data from LEND instrument on LRO: May water deposits be expected on poles of Mercury?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mitrofanov, I.

2012-04-01

Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) of LRO measured the flux of epithermal neutrons with high spatial resolution ˜10 km for the amplitude of 50 km. The LEND data from the polar caps above 80° latitude were tested for the presence of local spots of epithermal Neutron Suppression Regions (NSRs), which have been identified with wa-ter ice permafrost. The model has been proposed, which explains the origin of water at lunar poles by chemical reactions between hydrogen of solar wind with oxygen of lunar regolith. The so-called solar water could be produced under the sunlit surface, and than migrate either at cold traps in he local vicinity from the irradiated spot of origin, or at cold subsur-face layer just below of the uppermost layer of origin. Similarly to the Moon, there are data of radio sensing of Mercury, which points out that this planet might have the water ice deposits at poles. Therefore, one may suspect that the main physics could also be similar at poles of the Moon and the Mercury: - if the water ice deposits are on the lunar poles, they should be at the Hermean poles as well; - if comets are not the main source for the water at lunar poles, they should not also be the main source for the polar water deposits on the Mercury. However, one should also take into account that the Moon and the Mercury have rather different physics of inter-action between the plasma of solar wind and the surface: - the Mercury have the dipole magnetic field, which is large enough to shield the equatorial belt of the planet from the direct interaction with the plasma of solar wind; - flux of solar wind and solar radiation at the orbit of Mercury are much larger than they are at the Earth orbit; - the average temperature of illuminated spots at Hermean poles is much larger than the temperature of illuminated spots at poles of the Moon. In addition to current neutron data from LRO, the data from MESSENGER should be studied for better under-standing of polar water ice deposits at the Moon and at the Mercury. Additional data will be provided by neutron mapping from the BeppiColombo spacecraft, which will map neutron albedo of bother Hermean poles (the MESSENGER maps only the southern hemisphere). First of all, one have to test that Mercury have extended suppression regions of epithermal neutrons around both poles, as the Moon has. If hydrogen at polar regolith is delivered by the solar wind, the polar suppression of Mercury should be rather different from one of the Moon, because Hermean magnetosphere should chanelize the plasma of solar wind plasma toward the poles. Second, one have to test the presence of local NSEs at the Hermean poles and to compare them with the lunar NSRs. If NSRs at both celestial bodies are associated with deposits of solar water, one could expect to find more water rich permafrost on the Mercury than on the Moon at areas with similarly cold surfaces, because at the same thermal conditions production rate of water molecules from the solar wind should be higher on Mercury than on the Moon.

A methodology to determine the elastic moduli of crystals by matching experimental and simulated lattice strain pole figures using discrete harmonics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wielewski, Euan; Boyce, Donald E.; Park, Jun-Sang

Determining reliable single crystal material parameters for complex polycrystalline materials is a significant challenge for the materials community. In this work, a novel methodology for determining those parameters is outlined and successfully applied to the titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-4V. Utilizing the results from a lattice strain pole figure experiment conducted at the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, an iterative approach is used to optimize the single crystal elastic moduli by comparing experimental and simulated lattice strain pole figures at discrete load steps during a uniaxial tensile test. Due to the large number of unique measurements taken during the experiments, comparisons weremore » made by using the discrete spherical harmonic modes of both the experimental and simulated lattice strain pole figures, allowing the complete pole figures to be used to determine the single crystal elastic moduli. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.« less

Mitotic Chromosome Biorientation in Fission Yeast Is Enhanced by Dynein and a Minus-end–directed, Kinesin-like Protein

PubMed Central

Spiridonov, Ilia S.; McIntosh, J. Richard

2007-01-01

Chromosome biorientation, the attachment of sister kinetochores to sister spindle poles, is vitally important for accurate chromosome segregation. We have studied this process by following the congression of pole-proximal kinetochores and their subsequent anaphase segregation in fission yeast cells that carry deletions in any or all of this organism's minus end–directed, microtubule-dependent motors: two related kinesin 14s (Pkl1p and Klp2p) and dynein. None of these deletions abolished biorientation, but fewer chromosomes segregated normally without Pkl1p, and to a lesser degree without dynein, than in wild-type cells. In the absence of Pkl1p, which normally localizes to the spindle and its poles, the checkpoint that monitors chromosome biorientation was defective, leading to frequent precocious anaphase. Ultrastructural analysis of mutant mitotic spindles suggests that Pkl1p contributes to error-free biorientation by promoting normal spindle pole organization, whereas dynein helps to anchor a focused bundle of spindle microtubules at the pole. PMID:17409356

Determination of the top-quark pole mass and strong coupling constant from the t t-bar production cross section in pp collisions at $$\\sqrt{s}$$ = 7 TeV

DOE PAGES

Chatrchyan, Serguei

2014-08-21

The inclusive cross section for top-quark pair production measured by the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV is compared to the QCD prediction at next-to-next-to-leading order with various parton distribution functions to determine the top-quark pole mass,more » $$m_t^{pole}$$, or the strong coupling constant, $$\\alpha_S$$. With the parton distribution function set NNPDF2.3, a pole mass of 176.7$$^{+3.0}_{-2.8}$$ GeV is obtained when constraining $$\\alpha_S$$ at the scale of the Z boson mass, $$m_Z$$, to the current world average. Alternatively, by constraining $$m_t^{pole}$$ to the latest average from direct mass measurements, a value of $$\\alpha_S(m_Z)$$ = 0.1151$$^{+0.0028}_{-0.0027}$$ is extracted. This is the first determination of $$\\alpha_S$$ using events from top-quark production.« less

Pole blight - a new disease of western white pine

Treesearch

C. A. Wellner

1947-01-01

Pole blight is a killer. Apparently attacking pole-size western white pine trees of any vigor or crown class, it seems to require from one to ten years to kill a tree. White pine is generally believed to be the only species susceptible, although there is a possibility that grand fir and Douglas-fir also may be attacked. Not enough time has elapsed for us to say how...

MAGNETIC DEFLEXION OF ELECTRON BEAMS WITHOUT ASTIGMATISM

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Archard, G.D.; Mulvey, T.

1958-09-01

An electron beam passing through a magnetic defiecting field is, in general, subject to astigmatism. For circular pole pieces, this takes the form of focusing in the plane of deflection; for square pole pieces, focusing perpendicular to the pinne of deflection. Deflection free from astigmatism can be achieved by means of circular pole-pieces from which semicircular portions have been removed. An application of this to reflection electron microsccpy is described. (auth)

Removal of creosote from wood particles at different horizontal and vertical locations of decommissioned poles using steam treatment

Treesearch

Todd F. Shupe; Chung Y. Hse; Han Roliadi

2006-01-01

This study used steam treatment to evaluate the potential of this method to remove residual creosote content of sawdust from weathered, out-of-service poles. Steaming was successful in reducing the creosote content to a level of 1.31%, regardless of creosote content at the start of the steaming treatment. Poles with higher initial creosote contents required longer...

Statistical-Mechanical Study of Polyvinylidene Fluoride.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-06-01

been thoroughly investigated. The time-dependence and microscopic origin of the poling . over... .DO 9 0nt7 OF I 1oNOV GS IS OSMLETE UNCLASSIFIED 84 07...8217% ._-.’.\\ ,’a ,> . m - _’ . - . -. . ...--- , .:-. - 3 The dynamics of the process, known as poling , by which piezoelectric activity is induced...was also studied theoretically. The very short poling times, of the order of microseconds, predicted by the theory have since been confirmed

Were Increased Closed Seclusions the Result of a Reinforcer-Abolishing Effect?

PubMed

Poling, Alan

2013-01-01

In recent years, the motivating operation (MO) concept and the terms associated with it, including "reinforcer-abolishing effect" (Laraway, Snycerski, Michael, & Poling, 2003), have been widely used in the behavior-analytic literature (Laraway, Snycerski, Olson, Becker, & Poling, in press) and elsewhere (Lotfizadeh, Edwards, & Poling, 2013). MOs are changes in the environment that alter the reinforcing effectiveness of designated classes of stimuli, such as food or water.

Decentralized-feedback pole placement of linear systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wang, X.; Martin, C. F.; Gilliam, D.; Byrnes, C. I.

1992-01-01

A projectile product spaces model is used to analyze decentralized systems. The degree of the pole placement map is computed. The conditions under which the degree is odd are also given. Twin lift systems are studied. It is proved that the poles of a twin lift system can be assigned to any values by local static and local dynamic feedback laws if and only if the system is jointly controllable.

Means for the focusing and acceleration of parallel beams of charged particles. [Patent application

DOEpatents

Maschke, A.W.

1980-09-23

Apparatus for focusing beams of charged particles comprising planar arrays of electrostatic quadrupoles. The array may be assembled from a single component which comprises a support plate containing uniform rows of poles. Each pole is separated by a hole through the plate designed to pass a beam. Two such plates may be positioned with their poles intermeshed to form a plurality of quadrupoles.

Silicon Processors Using Organically Reconfigurable Techniques (SPORT)

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-05-19

towards producing SWPC devices. ATR measurements on these thin films reveal a 30% increase in the EO activity of the OEOM films after thermal ...poling and recover about 50% the EO activity of thermally -poled films without poling. A simple proof-of-concept device architecture was fabricated and...device in peer-reviewed literature. New organic EO host materials developed at UD for the SPORT program offer increased thermal stability and EO

Revisiting the pole tide for and from satellite altimetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Desai, Shailen; Wahr, John; Beckley, Brian

2015-12-01

Satellite altimeter sea surface height observations include the geocentric displacements caused by the pole tide, namely the response of the solid Earth and oceans to polar motion. Most users of these data remove these effects using a model that was developed more than 20 years ago. We describe two improvements to the pole tide model for satellite altimeter measurements. Firstly, we recommend an approach that improves the model for the response of the oceans by including the effects of self-gravitation, loading, and mass conservation. Our recommended approach also specifically includes the previously ignored displacement of the solid Earth due to the load of the ocean response, and includes the effects of geocenter motion. Altogether, this improvement amplifies the modeled geocentric pole tide by 15 %, or up to 2 mm of sea surface height displacement. We validate this improvement using two decades of satellite altimeter measurements. Secondly, we recommend that the altimetry pole tide model exclude geocentric sea surface displacements resulting from the long-term drift in polar motion. The response to this particular component of polar motion requires a more rigorous approach than is used by conventional models. We show that erroneously including the response to this component of polar motion in the pole tide model impacts interpretation of regional sea level rise by ± 0.25 mm/year.

Electrically polarized PLLA nanofibers as neural tissue engineering scaffolds with improved neuritogenesis.

PubMed

Barroca, Nathalie; Marote, Ana; Vieira, Sandra I; Almeida, Abílio; Fernandes, Maria H V; Vilarinho, Paula M; da Cruz E Silva, Odete A B

2018-07-01

Tissue engineering is evolving towards the production of smart platforms exhibiting stimulatory cues to guide tissue regeneration. This work explores the benefits of electrical polarization to produce more efficient neural tissue engineering platforms. Poly (l-lactic) acid (PLLA)-based scaffolds were prepared as solvent cast films and electrospun aligned nanofibers, and electrically polarized by an in-lab built corona poling device. The characterization of the platforms by thermally stimulated depolarization currents reveals a polarization of 60 × 10 -10 C cm -2 that is stable on poled electrospun nanofibers for up to 6 months. Further in vitro studies using neuroblastoma cells reveals that platforms' polarization potentiates Retinoic Acid-induced neuronal differentiation. Additionally, in differentiating embryonic cortical neurons, poled aligned nanofibers further increased neurite outgrowth by 30% (+70 μm) over non-poled aligned nanofibers, and by 50% (+100 μm) over control conditions. Therefore, the synergy of topographical cues and electrical polarization of poled aligned nanofibers places them as promising biocompatible and bioactive platforms for neural tissue regeneration. Given their long lasting induced polarization, these PLLA poled nanofibrous scaffolds can be envisaged as therapeutic devices of long shelf life for neural repair applications. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

POLE somatic mutations in advanced colorectal cancer.

PubMed

Guerra, Joana; Pinto, Carla; Pinto, Diana; Pinheiro, Manuela; Silva, Romina; Peixoto, Ana; Rocha, Patrícia; Veiga, Isabel; Santos, Catarina; Santos, Rui; Cabreira, Verónica; Lopes, Paula; Henrique, Rui; Teixeira, Manuel R

2017-12-01

Despite all the knowledge already gathered, the picture of somatic genetic changes in colorectal tumorigenesis is far from complete. Recently, germline and somatic mutations in the exonuclease domain of polymerase epsilon, catalytic subunit (POLE) gene have been reported in a small subset of microsatellite-stable and hypermutated colorectal carcinomas (CRCs), affecting the proofreading activity of the enzyme and leading to misincorporation of bases during DNA replication. To evaluate the role of POLE mutations in colorectal carcinogenesis, namely in advanced CRC, we searched for somatic mutations by Sanger sequencing in tumor DNA samples from 307 cases. Microsatellite instability and mutation analyses of a panel of oncogenes were performed in the tumors harboring POLE mutations. Three heterozygous mutations were found in two tumors, the c.857C>G, p.Pro286Arg, the c.901G>A, p.Asp301Asn, and the c.1376C>T, p.Ser459Phe. Of the POLE-mutated CRCs, one tumor was microsatellite-stable and the other had low microsatellite instability, whereas KRAS and PIK3CA mutations were found in one tumor each. We conclude that POLE somatic mutations exist but are rare in advanced CRC, with further larger studies being necessary to evaluate its biological and clinical implications. © 2017 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Analysis of car’s frontal collision against pole

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ispas, N.; Nastasoiu, M.

2017-10-01

Reducing the effects of traffic accidents over the occupants is a major objective of collision attempts. Impacts between the car and the pole are very dangerous for the physical integrity of the car’s occupants. To minimalize the effects of such events on the passengers of a vehicle, a whole series of efforts by both designers and experienced engineers led to increasingly the vehicles safety. The main aim of these paper is to quantify the influences over the car passengers of loads involved by car against pole collisions using the same car model at different speeds. Also, this kind on occupant influences were study using a small car model. Other goal of the paper was the study of the cars stiffness in frontal collision against the pole. The paper’s experimental results were obtained by support of DSD, Dr. Steffan Datentechnik GmbH - Linz, Austria. The described tests were performed in full test facility of DSD Linz, in “Easter 2016 PC-Crash Seminar”. Cars accelerations, velocities, rotations angles after pole impact were registered and discussed. The novelty of the paper consists in studies referred for the same car model involved in car against pole collisions at different impact speeds. Paper’s conclusions can be future used for car safety improvement.

Research on key factors and their interaction effects of electromagnetic force of high-speed solenoid valve.

PubMed

Liu, Peng; Fan, Liyun; Hayat, Qaisar; Xu, De; Ma, Xiuzhen; Song, Enzhe

2014-01-01

Analysis consisting of numerical simulations along with lab experiments of interaction effects between key parameters on the electromagnetic force based on response surface methodology (RSM) has been also proposed to optimize the design of high-speed solenoid valve (HSV) and improve its performance. Numerical simulation model of HSV has been developed in Ansoft Maxwell environment and its accuracy has been validated through lab experiments. Effect of change of core structure, coil structure, armature structure, working air gap, and drive current on the electromagnetic force of HSV has been analyzed through simulation model and influence rules of various parameters on the electromagnetic force have been established. The response surface model of the electromagnetic force has been utilized to analyze the interaction effect between major parameters. It has been concluded that six interaction factors including working air gap with armature radius, drive current with armature thickness, coil turns with side pole radius, armature thickness with its radius, armature thickness with side pole radius, and armature radius with side pole radius have significant influence on the electromagnetic force. Optimal match values between coil turns and side pole radius; armature thickness and side pole radius; and armature radius and side pole radius have also been determined.

Research on Key Factors and Their Interaction Effects of Electromagnetic Force of High-Speed Solenoid Valve

PubMed Central

Fan, Liyun; Xu, De; Ma, Xiuzhen; Song, Enzhe

2014-01-01

Analysis consisting of numerical simulations along with lab experiments of interaction effects between key parameters on the electromagnetic force based on response surface methodology (RSM) has been also proposed to optimize the design of high-speed solenoid valve (HSV) and improve its performance. Numerical simulation model of HSV has been developed in Ansoft Maxwell environment and its accuracy has been validated through lab experiments. Effect of change of core structure, coil structure, armature structure, working air gap, and drive current on the electromagnetic force of HSV has been analyzed through simulation model and influence rules of various parameters on the electromagnetic force have been established. The response surface model of the electromagnetic force has been utilized to analyze the interaction effect between major parameters. It has been concluded that six interaction factors including working air gap with armature radius, drive current with armature thickness, coil turns with side pole radius, armature thickness with its radius, armature thickness with side pole radius, and armature radius with side pole radius have significant influence on the electromagnetic force. Optimal match values between coil turns and side pole radius; armature thickness and side pole radius; and armature radius and side pole radius have also been determined. PMID:25243217

Investigation of a less rare-earth permanent-magnet machine with the consequent pole rotor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bai, Jingang; Liu, Jiaqi; Wang, Mingqiao; Zheng, Ping; Liu, Yong; Gao, Haibo; Xiao, Lijun

2018-05-01

Due to the rising price of rare-earth materials, permanent-magnet (PM) machines in different applications have a trend of reducing the use of rare-earth materials. Since iron-core poles replace half of PM poles in the consequent pole (CP) rotor, the PM machine with CP rotor can be a promising candidate for less rare-earth PM machine. Additionally, the investigation of CP rotor in special electrical machines, like hybrid excitation permanent-magnet PM machine, bearingless motor, etc., has verified the application feasibility of CP rotor. Therefore, this paper focuses on design and performance of PM machines when traditional PM machine uses the CP rotor. In the CP rotor, all the PMs are of the same polarity and they are inserted into the rotor core. Since the fundamental PM flux density depends on the ratio of PM pole to iron-core pole, the combination rule between them is investigated by analytical and finite-element methods. On this basis, to comprehensively analyze and evaluate PM machine with CP rotor, four typical schemes, i.e., integer-slot machines with CP rotor and surface-mounted PM (SPM) rotor, fractional-slot machines with CP rotor and SPM rotor, are designed to investigate the performance of PM machine with CP rotor, including electromagnetic performance, anti-demagnetization capacity and cost.

DNA polymerase ɛ and δ exonuclease domain mutations in endometrial cancer

PubMed Central

Church, David N.; Briggs, Sarah E.W.; Palles, Claire; Domingo, Enric; Kearsey, Stephen J.; Grimes, Jonathon M.; Gorman, Maggie; Martin, Lynn; Howarth, Kimberley M.; Hodgson, Shirley V.; Kaur, Kulvinder; Taylor, Jenny; Tomlinson, Ian P.M.

2013-01-01

Accurate duplication of DNA prior to cell division is essential to suppress mutagenesis and tumour development. The high fidelity of eukaryotic DNA replication is due to a combination of accurate incorporation of nucleotides into the nascent DNA strand by DNA polymerases, the recognition and removal of mispaired nucleotides (proofreading) by the exonuclease activity of DNA polymerases δ and ɛ, and post-replication surveillance and repair of newly synthesized DNA by the mismatch repair (MMR) apparatus. While the contribution of defective MMR to neoplasia is well recognized, evidence that faulty DNA polymerase activity is important in cancer development has been limited. We have recently shown that germline POLE and POLD1 exonuclease domain mutations (EDMs) predispose to colorectal cancer (CRC) and, in the latter case, to endometrial cancer (EC). Somatic POLE mutations also occur in 5–10% of sporadic CRCs and underlie a hypermutator, microsatellite-stable molecular phenotype. We hypothesized that sporadic ECs might also acquire somatic POLE and/or POLD1 mutations. Here, we have found that missense POLE EDMs with good evidence of pathogenic effects are present in 7% of a set of 173 endometrial cancers, although POLD1 EDMs are uncommon. The POLE mutations localized to highly conserved residues and were strongly predicted to affect proofreading. Consistent with this, POLE-mutant tumours were hypermutated, with a high frequency of base substitutions, and an especially large relative excess of G:C>T:A transversions. All POLE EDM tumours were microsatellite stable, suggesting that defects in either DNA proofreading or MMR provide alternative mechanisms to achieve genomic instability and tumourigenesis. PMID:23528559

Favorable outcome of patients with lung adenocarcinoma harboring POLE mutations and expressing high PD-L1.

PubMed

Liu, Liang; Ruiz, Jimmy; O'Neill, Stacey S; Grant, Stefan C; Petty, W Jeffrey; Yang, Meng; Chen, Kexin; Topaloglu, Umit; Pasche, Boris; Zhang, Wei

2018-04-12

Mutations in polymerase ε (POLE) confer favorable prognosis and outcomes in various cancer types, but their role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unknown. Utilizing the data of 513 patients with adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and 497 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort, we tested the prognostic value of POLE mutations and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in the two main subtypes of NSCLC. POLE mutation is a favorable biomarker for the improved overall survival (OS) of the LUSC patients (P = 0.033, 28 mutant vs. 469 wildtype patients), but not that of the LUAD patients (P = 0.12, 31 mutant vs. 482 wildtype patients). POLE-mutant LUAD patients with high expression of PD-L1 (Mut-High, n = 6) exhibited improved OS (P = 0.024) when compared to POLE-mutant patients with low PD-L1 expression (Mut-Low, n = 24) and other patients without POLE mutation (n = 476). This benefit was not due to the high content of the tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Instead, the antitumor immune response was activated in Mut-High patients so that these patients were likely responding more effectively to immuno-oncology (IO) treatments; whereas genes involved with metabolic pathways were enriched in Mut-Low group, which may cause the decreased OS of these patients. Our study sheds light on the molecular basis of NSCLC and adds to our understanding of responses to chemotherapy and IO therapy.

Automatic pole-like object modeling via 3D part-based analysis of point cloud

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

He, Liu; Yang, Haoxiang; Huang, Yuchun

2016-10-01

Pole-like objects, including trees, lampposts and traffic signs, are indispensable part of urban infrastructure. With the advance of vehicle-based laser scanning (VLS), massive point cloud of roadside urban areas becomes applied in 3D digital city modeling. Based on the property that different pole-like objects have various canopy parts and similar trunk parts, this paper proposed the 3D part-based shape analysis to robustly extract, identify and model the pole-like objects. The proposed method includes: 3D clustering and recognition of trunks, voxel growing and part-based 3D modeling. After preprocessing, the trunk center is identified as the point that has local density peak and the largest minimum inter-cluster distance. Starting from the trunk centers, the remaining points are iteratively clustered to the same centers of their nearest point with higher density. To eliminate the noisy points, cluster border is refined by trimming boundary outliers. Then, candidate trunks are extracted based on the clustering results in three orthogonal planes by shape analysis. Voxel growing obtains the completed pole-like objects regardless of overlaying. Finally, entire trunk, branch and crown part are analyzed to obtain seven feature parameters. These parameters are utilized to model three parts respectively and get signal part-assembled 3D model. The proposed method is tested using the VLS-based point cloud of Wuhan University, China. The point cloud includes many kinds of trees, lampposts and other pole-like posters under different occlusions and overlaying. Experimental results show that the proposed method can extract the exact attributes and model the roadside pole-like objects efficiently.

Breast Reduction versus Breast Reduction Plus Implants: A Comparative Study with Measurements and Outcomes

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background: Breast reduction is well-known to provide an improvement in physical symptoms. However, measurements show that this procedure is less effective in restoring upper-pole fullness. Breast implants effectively augment the upper pole. This study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness and safety of this treatment combination. Methods: This retrospective study consists of 3 parts: (1) a clinical study, (2) breast measurements, and (3) an outcome study. Eighty consecutive women undergoing breast reduction (n = 56) or breast reduction plus implants (n = 24) were evaluated. All breast implants were inserted submuscularly. All patients were treated with the same vertical reduction technique, using a medially based pedicle and intraoperative nipple positioning. Measurements were compared between preoperative photographs and photographs taken at least 3 months after surgery (n = 51). Patient surveys (n= 56) were evaluated. Results: There was no significant difference in complication or reoperation rates between groups. Both procedures elevated the breast mound and lower-pole level and increased the breast parenchymal ratio (upper-pole area/lower-pole area). Breast implants significantly increased upper-pole projection (P < 0.01). All surveyed patients who had simultaneous implants reported that they were pleased with their decision. Physical symptoms were reduced in both groups. Patient satisfaction was 92.5% for breast reduction and 93.8% for breast reduction plus implants. Both groups reported an improvement in quality of life. Conclusions: Vertical breast reduction with a medial pedicle may be combined safely and effectively with breast implants in patients who desire upper-pole fullness. PMID:25587515

Muscular and metabolic responses to different Nordic walking techniques, when style matters.

PubMed

Pellegrini, Barbara; Boccia, Gennaro; Zoppirolli, Chiara; Rosa, Raffaela; Stella, Federico; Bortolan, Lorenzo; Rainoldi, Alberto; Schena, Federico

2018-01-01

Due to poling action and upper body engagement, Nordic walking (NW) has additional health benefits with respect to conventional walking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in muscle activation and metabolic responses between NW, performed with the technique suggested by NW instructors, and with some modifications in the way to move upper limb and poles. Ten NW instructors volunteered to walk on a treadmill at 5.5 km•h-1 in five conditions: walking (W), Nordic walking (NW), NW with a weak poling action (NWweak), with straight-upper limbs moving the shoulders (NWshoulder) and with elbow flexion-extension pattern and shoulder freezed (NWelbow). Poling forces, body segments and poles movement, upper and lower body muscle activation, as well as metabolic parameters were measured.All modified NW techniques elicited lower muscular activation and metabolic responses with respect to the suggested NW technique (P < 0.05). All NW techniques elicited higher muscular activation and metabolic responses than W. All parameters observed with the NWweak were lower than NW. A decreased activation of shoulder extensor muscles and increased activation of anterior deltoid muscle were the main features of NWshoulder. Lower triceps brachii muscle activation and reduced propulsive poling action with respect to NW were seen for NWelbow, resulting also in shorter steps.Nordic walking instructors, sport technicians and practitioners should be aware that any deviation from the technique usually suggested might lead to lower benefits. However it is worth to note that any walking technique with poles elicits higher metabolic responses and muscular activation than walking.

Paleomagnetism and tectonics of the Southern Tarim Basin, northwestern China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gilder, Stuart; Zhao, Xixi; Coe, Robert; Meng, Zifang; Courtillot, Vincent; Besse, Jean

1996-10-01

We report Late Carboniferous, Permian, and early Tertiary paleomagnetic data from the southern Tarim basin. Prefolding magnetizations were isolated in each case. The Late Carboniferous-Permian and early Tertiary poles lie at 64.6°N, 166.5°E, A95 = 6.3° and 58.1°N, 202.0°E, A95 = 12.7°, respectively. The Late Jurassic to early Tertiary (J3-E1) paleolatitudes of Tarim and several basins throughout central Asia are similar, yet significantly (10° to 20°) shallower than those predicted by the Eurasian apparent polar wander path. Resolving this discrepancy remains a major problem in Asian paleomagnetism. Discordance of the late Paleozoic poles from Tarim and Siberia suggest that Tarim has rotated about 30° counterclockwise with respect to Siberia since the Permian. Where paleomagnetic samples of both Late Carboniferous to Early Triassic (C3-T1) and J3-E1 ages were collected from the same area of Tarim, a great circle passes through the means of the poles and the sampling locality. This suggests that (1) only a difference in inclination (and not declination) distinguishes the two data sets, and (2) vertical axis block rotations of the C3-E1 strata occurred after E1. Although based on data of lesser quality, the mean Early to Middle Jurassic (J1-2) pole from Tarim differs significantly from the Eurasian reference pole, requiring radical tectonic solutions to resolve them. The Tarim J1-2 pole is indistinguishable from both the mean J3-E1 and C3-T1 poles. The similarity of all the poles and the analogous tectonic setting of present-day central Asia to that of the late Paleozoic in eastern North America raises the question whether all the data from Tarim are overprinted.

Sleep disordered breathing and acute mountain sickness in workers rapidly transported to the South Pole (2835 m).

PubMed

Anderson, P J; Wiste, H J; Ostby, S A; Miller, A D; Ceridon, M L; Johnson, B D

2015-05-01

Sleep disordered breathing may be a risk factor for high altitude illness. Past Antarctic sleep studies suggest that rapid transport from sea level (SL) to the Amundsen Scott South Pole Station (SP, 2835 m) increases risk of Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS). We analyzed sleep studies in 38 healthy polar workers to explore the association between sleep disordered breathing and AMS after rapid transport to the South Pole. Subjects completed a baseline questionnaire, performed basic physiology tests, and were evaluated for AMS and medication use using an extended Lake Louise Questionnaire (LLQ) during their first week at the South Pole. Participants were included in this study if they took no medications and underwent polysomnography on their first nights at Sea Level and the South Pole using the Vivometrics LifeShirt(®). Within group changes were assessed with Wilcoxon signed rank tests and between group differences were assessed with Kruskal-Wallis rank sum tests. Overall, 21/38 subjects met criteria for AMS at some time on or prior to the third morning at the South Pole. Subjective poor sleep quality was reported by both AMS (65%) and no AMS (41%) groups. The Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) increased significantly in both the AMS and no AMS groups, but the difference in the increase between the two groups was not statistically significant. Increased AHI was not associated with increased AMS symptoms. Previous altitude illness (p=0.06) and residence at low altitudes (p = 0.02) were risk factors for AMS. AMS was not significantly associated with sleep architecture changes or increased AHI. However, AHI sharply increased at South Pole (19/38 participants) primarily due to central apneas. Those developing AMS were more likely to have experienced previous problems at altitude and reported living at lowland altitudes within the 3 months prior to rapid transport to the South Pole than those without AMS. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Advancing Late Mesoproterozoic Paleogeography With New Constraints From The Keweenawan Rift And The Umkondo Large Igneous Province

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Swanson-Hysell, N.; Kilian, T. M.; Bowring, S. A.; Hanson, R. E.; Burgess, S. D.; Ramezani, J.

2014-12-01

Laurentia and Kalahari are currently interpreted as independently moving continents ca. 1110 million years ago that subsequently became conjoined in the supercontinent Rodinia. Their relative positions and orientations are dependent both on the directional comparison of paleomagnetic poles and geomagnetic polarity choices for those poles. In this contribution, we use newly developed and existing paleomagnetic and geochronological data from both the ca. 1110-1085 Ma Midcontinent Rift of Laurentia and the ca. 1109 Ma Umkondo Large Igneous Province (LIP) of Kalahari to present improved constraints on relations between the two continents. Previous mean poles for the Umkondo LIP have been either calculated by taking the mean of regional submeans or at the site level which is problematic given the preponderance of multiple sites from single individual cooling units. We report a new Umkondo grand mean pole that is the mean of the virtual geomagnetic poles (VGPs) of individual cooling units and is reinforced with new data from ~20 previously unstudied Umkondo sills from Botswana. This approach yields a pole whose position and uncertainty are the most robust calculated to date. The portion of Laurentia's Mesoproterozoic apparent polar wander path (APWP) known as the Logan Loop and Keweenawan Track partially overlaps in age with the Umkondo pole and is of central importance in efforts to reconstruct late Mesoproterozoic paleogeography. Ongoing debates as to the geometry and timing of Rodinia assembly critically hinge on the comparison of paleomagnetic poles from other continents to the Keweenawan record. We present an updated compilation for the Keweenawan Track APWP using an improved chronostratigraphic context enabled by new geochronological and paleomagnetic data. Ongoing improvements and time-calibration of this record further constrains the rate of Laurentia's motion and provides opportunities for increased rigor in the determination of relative paleogeographic positions such as between Laurentia and Kalahari.

Thickness dependence of the poling and current-voltage characteristics of paint films made up of lead zirconate titanate ceramic powder and epoxy resin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Egusa, Shigenori; Iwasawa, Naozumi

1995-11-01

A specially prepared paint made up of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic powder and epoxy resin was coated on an aluminum plate and was cured at room temperature, thus forming the paint film of 25-300 μm thickness with a PZT volume fraction of 53%. The paint film was then poled at room temperature, and the poling behavior was determined by measuring the piezoelectric activity as a function of poling field. The poling behavior shows that the piezoelectric activity obtained at a given poling field increases with an increase in the film thickness from 25 to 300 μm. The current-voltage characteristic of the paint film, on the other hand, shows that the increase in the film thickness leads not only to an increase in the magnitude of the current density at a given electric field but also to an increase in the critical electric field at which the transition from the ohmic to space-charge-limited conduction takes place. This fact indicates that the amount of the space charge of electrons injected into the paint film decreases as the film thickness increases. Furthermore, comparison of the current-voltage characteristic of the paint film with that of a pure epoxy film reveals that the space charge is accumulated largely at the interface between the PZT and epoxy phases in the paint film. On the basis of this finding, a model is developed for the poling behavior of the paint film by taking into account a possible effect of the space-charge accumulation and a broad distribution of the electric field in the PZT phase. This model is shown to give an excellent fit to the experimental data of the piezoelectric activity obtained here as a function of poling field and film thickness.

Clinicopathological analysis of endometrial carcinomas harboring somatic POLE exonuclease domain mutations.

PubMed

Hussein, Yaser R; Weigelt, Britta; Levine, Douglas A; Schoolmeester, J Kenneth; Dao, Linda N; Balzer, Bonnie L; Liles, Georgia; Karlan, Beth; Köbel, Martin; Lee, Cheng-Han; Soslow, Robert A

2015-04-01

The Cancer Genome Atlas described four major genomic groups of endometrial carcinomas, including a POLE ultramutated subtype comprising ∼10% of endometrioid adenocarcinoma, characterized by POLE exonuclease domain mutations, ultrahigh somatic mutation rates, and favorable outcome. Our aim was to examine the morphological and clinicopathological features of ultramutated endometrial carcinomas harboring somatic POLE exonuclease domain mutations. Hematoxylin and eosin slides and pathology reports for 8/17 POLE-mutated endometrial carcinomas described in the Cancer Genome Atlas study were studied; for the remaining cases, virtual whole slide images publicly available at cBioPortal (www.cbioportal.org) were examined. A second cohort of eight POLE mutated endometrial carcinomas from University of Calgary was also studied. Median age was 55 years (range 33-87 years). Nineteen patients presented as stage I, 1 stage II, and 5 stage III. The majority of cases (24 of the 25) demonstrated defining morphological features of endometrioid differentiation. The studied cases were frequently high grade (60%) and rich in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and/or peri-tumoral lymphocytes (84%); many tumors showed morphological heterogeneity (52%) and ambiguity (16%). Foci demonstrating severe nuclear atypia led to concern for serous carcinoma in 28% of cases. At the molecular level, the majority of the Cancer Genome Atlas POLE-mutated tumors were microsatellite stable (65%), and TP53 mutations were present in 35% of cases. They also harbored mutations in PTEN (94%), FBXW7 (82%), ARID1A (76%), and PIK3CA (71%). All patients from both cohorts were alive without disease, and none of the patients developed recurrence at the time of follow-up (median 33 months; range 2-102 months). In conclusion, the recognition of ultramutated endometrial carcinomas with POLE exonuclease domain mutation is important given their favorable outcome. Our histopathological review revealed that these tumors are commonly high grade, have obvious lymphocytic infiltrates, and can show ambiguous morphology. As they frequently harbor TP53 mutations, it is important not to misclassify them as serous carcinoma.

Load carriage energy expenditure with and without hiking poles during inclined walking.

PubMed

Jacobson, B H; Wright, T; Dugan, B

2000-07-01

The purpose of this study was to compare load carriage energy expenditure with and without using hiking poles. Twenty male volunteers aged 20-48yr (Mean=29.8yr) completed two randomly ordered submaximal treadmill trials with poles (E) and without poles (C). Poles and load (15 kg backpack) were fitted for each subject according to the manufacturers' suggestions. Heart rates (HR), minute ventilation (V(E)), oxygen consumption (O2), caloric expenditure (Kcal), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded at the end of each minute. Two trials separated by one week consisted of a constant treadmill speed of 1.5 mph and 1 min at 10% grade, 2 min at 15% grade, 2 min at 20% grade, and 10 min. at 25% grade. Mean HR (E = 144.8 +/- 24.4 b x min(-1); C = 144.0 +/- 25.7 b x min(-1)) and mean V(E) (E=51.4 +/- 15.8L x min(-1); C=50.8 +/- 17.0L x min(-1)), VO2 (E = 26.9 +/- 6.1 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1); C = 27.4 +/- 6.6 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)), and Kcal (E = 10.6 +/- 2.9 Kcal x min(-1); C = 10.8 +/- 3.1 Kcal x min(-1)) were not significantly different between the two conditions. RPE (E = 13.28 +/- 1.2; C = 14.56 +/- 1.2) was significantly lower (P < 0.05) with hiking poles. Analysis of paired time points yielded no significant differences in HR, VO2, V(E), and Kcal, however, RPE means were significantly lower for 5 of the last 7 trial minutes with the use of poles. These results suggest that during load carriage on moderate grade, the weight and use of hiking poles does not increase energy expenditure but may provide reduced perceptions of physical exertion.

Polarization of the zodiacal light - First results from Skylab

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sparrow, J. G.; Weinberg, J. L.; Hahn, R. C.

1976-01-01

A brief description is given of the Skylab ten color photoelectric photometer and the programs of measurements made during Skylab missions SL-2 and SL-3. Results obtained on the polarized brightness of zodiacal light at five points on the antisolar hemisphere are discussed and compared with other published data for the north celestial pole, south ecliptic pole, at elongation 90 degrees on the ecliptic, and at two places near the north galactic pole.

Nuclear Weapons Effects Seminar

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-04-10

a pure intrinsic semiconductor material shares it’s valence electrons to four adjacent atoms to produce covalent bonds for a stable form. There are no...unmagnetized iron at very pronounced regions of the magnet, later named the poles . As early as 121 A.D., the Chinese discovered that iron rods brought close...space. (See Figure 5-3.) The earth has magnetic flux lines extending from the North magnetic pole , near the North geographic pole , to the South

Were Increased Closed Seclusions the Result of a Reinforcer-Abolishing Effect?

PubMed Central

Poling, Alan

2013-01-01

In recent years, the motivating operation (MO) concept and the terms associated with it, including “reinforcer-abolishing effect” (Laraway, Snycerski, Michael, & Poling, 2003), have been widely used in the behavior-analytic literature (Laraway, Snycerski, Olson, Becker, & Poling, in press) and elsewhere (Lotfizadeh, Edwards, & Poling, 2013). MOs are changes in the environment that alter the reinforcing effectiveness of designated classes of stimuli, such as food or water. PMID:27999634

Fiberglass distribution poles: A case study

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Miller, M.F.; Hosford, G.S.; Boozer, J.F. III

1995-01-01

This paper addresses the design considerations and manufacturing techniques along with mechanical test results of fiberglass reinforced composite (FRC) primary distribution poles. With it`s light weight, and virtually no maintenance it offers a viable alternative for use in remote and inaccessible locations. This paper also discusses a case study where seventy five FRC primary distribution poles have been installed on a distribution system in a remote area accessible only by foot and helicopter.

Generation of tunable narrow-band surface-emitted terahertz radiation in periodically poled lithium niobate.

PubMed

Weiss, C; Torosyan, G; Avetisyan, Y; Beigang, R

2001-04-15

Generation of tunable narrow-band terahertz (THz) radiation perpendicular to the surface of periodically poled lithium niobate by optical rectification of femtosecond pulses is reported. The generated THz radiation can be tuned by use of different poling periods and different observation angles, limited only by the available bandwidth of the pump pulse. Typical bandwidths were 50-100 GHz, depending on the collection angle and the number of periods involved.

Hybrid-PIC Simulation of Backsputtered Carbon Transport in the Near-Field Plume of a Hall Thruster

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Choi, Maria; Yim, John T.; Williams, George J.; Herman, Daniel A.; Gilland, James H.

2017-01-01

Magnetic shielding has eliminated boron nitride erosion as the life limiting mechanism in a Hall thruster but has resulted in erosion of the front magnetic field pole pieces. Recent experiments show that the erosion of graphite pole covers, which are added to protect the magnetic field pole pieces, causes carbon to redeposit on other surfaces, such as boron nitride discharge channel and cathode keeper surfaces. As a part of the risk-reduction activities for AEPS thruster development, this study models transport of backsputtered carbon from the graphite front pole covers and vacuum facility walls. Fluxes, energy distributions, and redeposition rates of backsputtered carbon on the anode, discharge channel, and graphite cathode keeper surfaces are predicted.

Properties and circulation of Jupiter's circumpolar cyclones as measured by JunoCam

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Orton, G. S.; Eichstaedt, G.; Rogers, J. H.; Hansen, C. J.; Caplinger, M.; Momary, T.; Tabataba-Vakili, F.; Intersoll, A. P.

2017-09-01

JunoCam has taken the first high-resolution visible images of Jupiter's poles, which show that each pole has a cluster of circumpolar cyclones, each one separated in longitude by roughly equal spacing. There are five at the south pole and eight at the north pole. These configurations, including their asymmetries and the characteristics of individual cyclones, have remained stable over 7 months from perijove 1 to perijove 5 as of this writing. Each cyclone has a circular outline with a prominent system of trailing spiral arms. In the north, the internal morphology of adjacent cyclones alternates from one to the next. Angular motions within each cyclone appear to be similar to each other but quite different from vortices at lower latitudes.

A novel germline POLE mutation causes an early onset cancer prone syndrome mimicking constitutional mismatch repair deficiency.

PubMed

Wimmer, Katharina; Beilken, Andreas; Nustede, Rainer; Ripperger, Tim; Lamottke, Britta; Ure, Benno; Steinmann, Diana; Reineke-Plaass, Tanja; Lehmann, Ulrich; Zschocke, Johannes; Valle, Laura; Fauth, Christine; Kratz, Christian P

2017-01-01

In a 14-year-old boy with polyposis and rectosigmoid carcinoma, we identified a novel POLE germline mutation, p.(Val411Leu), previously found as recurrent somatic mutation in 'ultramutated' sporadic cancers. This is the youngest reported cancer patient with polymerase proofreading-associated polyposis indicating that POLE mutation p.(Val411Leu) may confer a more severe phenotype than previously reported POLE and POLD1 germline mutations. The patient had multiple café-au-lait macules and a pilomatricoma mimicking the clinical phenotype of constitutional mismatch repair deficiency. We hypothesize that these skin features may be common to different types of constitutional DNA repair defects associated with polyposis and early-onset cancer.

Calligraphic Poling for WGM Resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mohageg, Makan; Strekalov, Dmitry; Savchenkov, Anatoliy; Matsko, Andrey; Ilchenko, Vladimir; Maleki, Lute

2007-01-01

By engineering the geometry of a nonlinear optical crystal, the effective efficiency of all nonlinear optical oscillations can be increased dramatically. Specifically, sphere and disk shaped crystal resonators have been used to demonstrate nonlinear optical oscillations at sub-milliwatt input power when cs light propagates in a Whispering Gallery Mode (WGM) of such a resonant cavity. in terms of both device production and experimentation in quantum optics, some nonlinear optical effects with naturally high efficiency can occult the desired nonlinear scattering process. the structure to the crystal resonator. In this paper, I will discuss a new method for generating poling structures in ferroelectric crystal resonators called calligraphic poling. The details of the poling apparatus, experimental results and speculation on future applications will be discussed.

[A quality evaluation tableau for health institutions: an educational tool].

PubMed

Moll, Marie Christine; Decavel, Frédérique; Merlet, Christine

2009-09-01

For a few years, health institutions have had to comply with the certification and the need to establish the new governance. Thanks to the accreditation version 2 (obtained in 2005), the elaboration of the hospital project (adopted in October, 2006) and the organization in poles since 2006, the quality oriented management became a priority axis at the University Hospital of Angers. The strategic adaptation to quality requirements leads to develop the hospital management, more especially at the level of the clinical, medico technical and administrative poles. The elements of the hospital project including the part about the quality, risk and evaluation aim at being adapted by every pole according to the level of its project. This adaptation which is imposed to each pole manager requires a practical and educational accompaniment allowing at the same time to realize a diagnosis of the progress of the quality approach, a measure of the impact of the global impregnation within the institution and a comparison between pole. A eight axis dashboard with criteria and a user guide were developed from certification ISO 9001, the EFQM manual and the certification manual version 2 of the Healthcare High Authorities. The criteria are transcribed in an EXCEL grid ready to use. Succeeding in estimating your own quality system means that you demonstrate the maturity of the quality approach. The results of this evaluation confirmed those of the certification. The dashboard is a management structuring tool at the service of the multidisciplinary team. Two considerations emerge from these results: First of all, for the hospital top management, the axes to be improved emerge as a priority to determine and target the next annual action plans. The results also allow to support the auto evaluation for the certification version 2010 planned in January of the same year. It is a pragmatic tool which allows auto evaluation and comparison to estimate the pole performances. It is a strategic driving tool for the hospital, for the quality department and for the pole. The pole quality system evaluation dashboard for Healthcare institutions is a simple tool which allies strategy and performance for a better efficiency of the actions to be taken to improve the quality, the risk management and the evaluation of the poles for a better service to the hospital users.

7 CFR 29.6021 - Injury.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... may be caused by field diseases, insects, or weather conditions; insecticides, fungicides, or cell... Rule 16), sunburned, sun-scalded, bulk-burnt, pole-burnt, shed-burnt, pole-sweated, stem-rotted...

7 CFR 29.6021 - Injury.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... may be caused by field diseases, insects, or weather conditions; insecticides, fungicides, or cell... Rule 16), sunburned, sun-scalded, bulk-burnt, pole-burnt, shed-burnt, pole-sweated, stem-rotted...

7 CFR 29.6021 - Injury.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... may be caused by field diseases, insects, or weather conditions; insecticides, fungicides, or cell... Rule 16), sunburned, sun-scalded, bulk-burnt, pole-burnt, shed-burnt, pole-sweated, stem-rotted...

7 CFR 29.6021 - Injury.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... may be caused by field diseases, insects, or weather conditions; insecticides, fungicides, or cell... Rule 16), sunburned, sun-scalded, bulk-burnt, pole-burnt, shed-burnt, pole-sweated, stem-rotted...

7 CFR 29.6021 - Injury.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... may be caused by field diseases, insects, or weather conditions; insecticides, fungicides, or cell... Rule 16), sunburned, sun-scalded, bulk-burnt, pole-burnt, shed-burnt, pole-sweated, stem-rotted...

BLDG 101, OVERVIEW WITH LIGHTNING POLES Naval Magazine Lualualei, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

BLDG 101, OVERVIEW WITH LIGHTNING POLES - Naval Magazine Lualualei, Headquarters Branch, Operational Storage Building, Fifteenth Street near Kolekole Road intersection, Pearl City, Honolulu County, HI

POLE and POLD1 mutations in 529 kindred with familial colorectal cancer and/or polyposis: review of reported cases and recommendations for genetic testing and surveillance

PubMed Central

Bellido, Fernando; Pineda, Marta; Aiza, Gemma; Valdés-Mas, Rafael; Navarro, Matilde; Puente, Diana A.; Pons, Tirso; González, Sara; Iglesias, Silvia; Darder, Esther; Piñol, Virginia; Soto, José Luís; Valencia, Alfonso; Blanco, Ignacio; Urioste, Miguel; Brunet, Joan; Lázaro, Conxi; Capellá, Gabriel; Puente, Xose S.; Valle, Laura

2016-01-01

Purpose: Germ-line mutations in the exonuclease domains of POLE and POLD1 have been recently associated with polyposis and colorectal cancer (CRC) predisposition. Here, we aimed to gain a better understanding of the phenotypic characteristics of this syndrome to establish specific criteria for POLE and POLD1 mutation screening and to help define the clinical management of mutation carriers. Genet Med 18 4, 325–332. Methods: The exonuclease domains of POLE and POLD1 were studied in 529 kindred, 441 with familial nonpolyposis CRC and 88 with polyposis, by using pooled DNA amplification and massively parallel sequencing. Genet Med 18 4, 325–332. Results: Seven novel or rare genetic variants were identified. In addition to the POLE p.L424V recurrent mutation in a patient with polyposis, CRC and oligodendroglioma, six novel or rare POLD1 variants (four of them, p.D316H, p.D316G, p.R409W, and p.L474P, with strong evidence for pathogenicity) were identified in nonpolyposis CRC families. Phenotypic data from these and previously reported POLE/POLD1 carriers point to an associated phenotype characterized by attenuated or oligo-adenomatous colorectal polyposis, CRC, and probably brain tumors. In addition, POLD1 mutations predispose to endometrial and breast tumors. Genet Med 18 4, 325–332. Conclusion: Our results widen the phenotypic spectrum of the POLE/POLD1-associated syndrome and identify novel pathogenic variants. We propose guidelines for genetic testing and surveillance recommendations. Genet Med 18 4, 325–332. PMID:26133394

Effects of hiking pole inertia on energy and muscular costs during uphill walking.

PubMed

Foissac, Matthieu J; Berthollet, Romain; Seux, Julien; Belli, Alain; Millet, Guillaume Y

2008-06-01

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of using hiking poles with different inertia on oxygen cost (V O2) and muscular activity. Eleven subjects walked at 3 km.h on a treadmill inclined at 20% grade. Three mass (240, 300, and 360 g), load distribution, and walking frequency (preferred, -20% and +20%) conditions were tested. Each subject also walked without poles and carried a 360-g mass. V[spacing dot above]O2 and average EMG (aEMG) of nine muscles from lower (soleus, gastrocnemius lateralis, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, gluteus maximus) and upper (latissimus dorsi, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and anterior deltoid) limbs were recorded. Using poles significantly reduced lower limb muscle aEMG values (P < 0.001) by about 15% and increased upper limb muscle aEMG values (P < 0.001) by about 95%. Hand-masses of 360 g did not result in an increased V[spacing dot above]O2, and the only modification in terms of muscular activation was greater biceps brachii activity (+55%, P = 0.006). Biceps brachii and anterior deltoid activity were also influenced by pole mass and load distribution (P < 0.01). Walking at high frequency increased both aEMG and V[spacing dot above]O2, whereas walking at low frequency redistributed the muscular work from the thigh muscles to calf and upper limb muscles although this did not lead to an increased V[spacing dot above]O2 compared with that at preferred frequency. No interaction between mass and frequency was found for aEMG or V[spacing dot above]O2. Using poles and changing frequency have important effects on muscle recruitment, whereas the effects of mass were limited when considering poles available on the market.

Secular obliquity variations for Ceres

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bills, Bruce; Scott, Bryan R.; Nimmo, Francis

2016-10-01

We have constructed secular variation models for the orbit and spin poles of the asteroid (1) Ceres, and used them to examine how the obliquity, or angular separation between spin and orbit poles, varies over a time span of several million years. The current obliquity is 4.3 degrees, which means that there are some regions near the poles which do not receive any direct Sunlight. The Dawn mission has provided an improved estimate of the spin pole orientation, and of the low degree gravity field. That allows us to estimate the rate at which the spin pole precesses about the instantaneous orbit pole.The orbit of Ceres is secularly perturbed by the planets, with Jupiter's influence dominating. The current inclination of the orbit plane, relative to the ecliptic, is 10.6 degrees. However, it varies between 7.27 and 11.78 degrees, with dominant periods of 22.1 and 39.6 kyr. The spin pole precession rate parameter has a period of 205 kyr, with current uncertainty of 3%, dominated by uncertainty in the mean moment of inertia of Ceres.The obliquity varies, with a dominant period of 24.5 kyr, with maximum values near 26 degrees, and minimum values somewhat less than the present value. Ceres is currently near to a minimum of its secular obliquity variations.The near-surface thermal environment thus has at least 3 important time scales: diurnal (9.07 hours), annual (4.60 years), and obliquity cycle (24.5 kyr). The annual thermal wave likely only penetrates a few meters, but the much long thermal wave associated with the obliquity cycle has a skin depth larger by a factor of 70 or so, depending upon thermal properties in the subsurface.

Is flexible ureterorenoscopy and laser lithotripsy the new gold standard for lower pole renal stones when compared to shock wave lithotripsy: Comparative outcomes from a University hospital over similar time period.

PubMed

Burr, Jacob; Ishii, Hiro; Simmonds, Nick; Somani, Bhaskar K

2015-01-01

Renal lower pole stones pose difficulty in management due to anatomical variation, stone size, hardness and patient demographics. Flexible ureterorenoscopy and laser lithotripsy (FURSL) and shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) are preferred for stones 1-2 cm in size. We wanted to compare the outcomes of FURSL and SWL for lower pole stones during the same time period. All patients who were treated for lower pole stones with FURSL and SWL during a 19-month period were included. The stone free rate (SFR) was defined as ≤3 mm fragments on follow-up imaging or stone free endoscopically. Data was recorded in an excel spreadsheet with SPSS version 21 used for statistical analysis. A total of 161 lower pole procedures were done (93 SWL and 63 FURSL). The mean stone size for SWL (7.4 mm; range: 4-16 mm) was significantly smaller than for FURSL (13.4 mm; 4-53 mm). The mean operating time and hospital stay for FURSL was 65 minutes (range: 30-160 minutes) and 0.5 days (range: 0-7 days) respectively. The SFR was significantly better (p <0.001) for FURSL (n = 63, 93%) compared to SWL (n = 23, 25%). There were 4 (6%) complications (3 Clavien II and 1 Clavien I) in the FURSL group (2 urosepsis, 1 UTI and 1 stent pain). Three patients in the SWL group (Clavien I) were readmitted with renal colic but there were no other complications. FURSL for lower pole stones seems to be a much better alternative than SWL with a high SFR even for larger stones and seems to be the new gold standard for lower pole stone management.

Highly efficient periodically poled KTP-isomorphs with large apertures and extreme domain aspect-ratios

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Canalias, Carlota; Zukauskas, Andrius; Tjörnhamman, Staffan; Viotti, Anne-Lise; Pasiskevicius, Valdas; Laurell, Fredrik

2018-02-01

Since the early 1990's, a substantial effort has been devoted to the development of quasi-phased-matched (QPM) nonlinear devices, not only in ferroelectric oxides like LiNbO3, LiTaO3 and KTiOPO4 (KTP), but also in semiconductors as GaAs, and GaP. The technology to implement QPM structures in ferroelectric oxides has by now matured enough to satisfy the most basic frequency-conversion schemes without substantial modification of the poling procedures. Here, we present a qualitative leap in periodic poling techniques that allows us to demonstrate devices and frequency conversion schemes that were deemed unfeasible just a few years ago. Thanks to our short-pulse poling and coercive-field engineering techniques, we are able to demonstrate large aperture (5 mm) periodically poled Rb-doped KTP devices with a highly-uniform conversion efficiency over the whole aperture. These devices allow parametric conversion with energies larger than 60 mJ. Moreover, by employing our coercive-field engineering technique we fabricate highlyefficient sub-µm periodically poled devices, with periodicities as short as 500 nm, uniform over 1 mm-thick crystals, which allow us to realize mirrorless optical parametric oscillators with counter-propagating signal and idler waves. These novel devices present unique spectral and tuning properties, superior to those of conventional OPOs. Furthermore, our techniques are compatible with KTA, a KTP isomorph with extended transparency in the mid-IR range. We demonstrate that our highly-efficient PPKTA is superior both for mid-IR and for green light generation - as a result of improved transmission properties in the visible range. Our KTP-isomorph poling techniques leading to highly-efficient QPM devices will be presented. Their optical performance and attractive damage thresholds will be discussed.

Lower-pole Shaping of the Breast by Means of a Double Glandular and Cutaneous Advancement Flap: The “Arrow” Flap

PubMed Central

Gioacchini, Matteo; Bottoni, Manuela; Grassetti, Luca; Scalise, Alessandro

2015-01-01

Summary: Lower-pole shaping of the breast is sometimes a difficult challenge when performing vertical mammoplasty. The problems mostly encountered are too large breast bases, persistent dog ears, which require long incision, and poor breast projection. We report a modification of the technique that we use in breast reduction so as to better shape the lower pole and to reduce revision surgery. PMID:26034653

STS-47 MS Jemison extends side hatch mockup CES pole during JSC training

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1992-01-01

STS-47 Endeavour, Orbiter Vehicle (OV) 105, Mission Specialist (MS) Mae C. Jemison extends crew escape system (CES) pole through a side hatch mockup during launch emergency egress (bailout) training in JSC's Mockup and Integration Laboratory (MAIL) Bldg 9A. MS Jerome Apt (right) looks on. The crewmembers practiced extending the CES pole prior to donning their launch and entry suits (LESs) and conducting the simulation in the Crew Compartment Trainer (CCT).

Environmental Impact Research Program. Osprey Nest Platforms. Section 5.1.6, US Army Corps of Engineers Wildlife Resources Management Manual.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-07-01

34"x 0treated pole, with 101, olts5" min. top diam. 518"x 7" hardwood dowel,6’O set 1- 112" deep, glued TOP VIEW I r 2’-,9 Some as dinam . of pole usedI I...added strength ; these are described in the section entitled Tripod Support. Pole supports. Two designs are suggested for attaching the solid base

Peak broadening and peak shift pole figures investigations by STRESS-SPEC diffractometer at FRM II

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gan, W. M.; Randau, C.; Hofmann, M.; Brokmeier, H. G.; Mueller, M.; Schreyer, A.

2012-02-01

This paper studied for the first time peak intensity, peak position and FHWM pole figures with one time measurement at the neutron diffractometer STRESS-SPEC via in-situ tensile deformation on austenitic steel. Fibre distribution with its evolution from central tensile direction to normal direction of these three kinds of pole figures was obtained. Variation of peak position and FWHM can be correlated to the reorientation of the texture component.

Another look at North Sea pole tide dynamics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dickman, S. R.; Preisig, J. R.

1986-01-01

The mechanism proposed by Wunsch (1974) to explain pole tide observations in the North Sea is evaluated. Wunsch's equations governing pole tide in the North Sea are presented, and solutions for correcting the depth, stream function, and deviation of the tidal height from the equilibrium values are described. The similarity between the Stokes paradox and the tidal equations of the North Sea, and the need for inclusion of inertial terms in the tidal equations are discussed.

Reanalysis of Clementine Bistatic Radar Data from the Lunar South Pole

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Simpson, Richard A.; Tyler, G. Leonard

1998-01-01

On 9 April 1994 the Clementine spacecraft high-gain antenna was aimed toward the Moon's surface and the resulting 13-cm wavelength radio echoes were received on Earth. Using these data, we have found that the lunar surface generally follows a Lambertian bistatic scattering function sigma(sub 0) = K(sub D)cos(theta(sub i) with K(sub D) approx. 0.003 for the opposite (expected) sense of circular polarization and K(sub D) approx. 0.001 for the same (unexpected) sense. But there are important deviations-of up to 50% in some parts of the echo spectrum-from this simple form. Based on an earlier analysis of these same data, Nozette et al. claimed detection of an enhancement in echoes with right circular polarization from regions near the South Pole in a near-backscatter geometry. Such behavior would be consistent with presence of perhaps large quantities of water ice near the Pole. We have been unable to reproduce that result. Although we find weak suggestions of enhanced echoes at the time of South Pole backscatter, similar features are present at earlier and later times, adjacent frequencies, and in left circular polarization. If enhanced backscatter is present, it is not unique to the South Pole; if not unique to the Pole, then ice is less likely as an explanation for the enhancement.

Proximal Pole Scaphoid Nonunion Reconstruction With 1,2 Intercompartmental Supraretinacular Artery Vascularized Graft and Compression Screw Fixation.

PubMed

Morris, Mark S; Zhu, Andy F; Ozer, Kagan; Lawton, Jeffrey N

2018-02-06

To review the incidence of union of patients with proximal pole scaphoid fracture nonunions treated using a 1,2 intercompartmental supraretinacular artery (1,2 ICSRA) vascularized graft and a small compression screw. This is a retrospective case series of 12 patients. Calculations of the size of the proximal pole fragment relative to the total scaphoid were performed using posteroanterior view scaphoid radiographs with the wrist in ulnar deviation and flat on the cassette. Analyses were repeated 3 times per subject, and the average ratio of proximal pole fragment relative to the entire scaphoid was calculated. We reviewed medical records, radiographs, and computed tomography (CT) scans of these 12 patients. The CT scans that were performed after an average of 12 weeks were ultimately used to confirm union of the scaphoid fractures. One patient was unable to have a CT so was excluded from the final calculation. All 11 (100%) scaphoid fractures that were assessed by CT were found to be healed at the 12-week assessment point. The mean proximal pole fragment size was 18% (range, 7%-27%) of the entire scaphoid. The 1,2 ICSRA vascularized graft and compression screw was an effective treatment for patients with proximal pole scaphoid fractures. Therapeutic IV. Copyright © 2018 American Society for Surgery of the Hand. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Theory of electric creep and electromechanical coupling with domain evolution for non-poled and fully poled ferroelectric ceramics

PubMed Central

Xia, Xiaodong; Wang, Yang; Zhong, Zheng

2016-01-01

Unlike mechanical creep with inelastic deformation, electric creep with domain evolution is a rarely studied subject. In this paper, we present a theory of electric creep and related electromechanical coupling for both non-poled and fully poled ferroelectric ceramics. We consider electric creep to be a time-dependent process, with an initial condition lying on the D (electric displacement) versus E (electric field) hysteresis loop. Both processes are shown to share the same Gibbs free energy and thermodynamic driving force, but relative to creep, the hysteresis loop is just a field-dependent process. With this view, we develop a theory with a single thermodynamic driving force but with two separate kinetic equations, one for the field-dependent loops in terms of a Lorentzian-like function and the other for the time-dependent D in terms of a dissipation potential. We use the 0°–90° and then 90°–180° switches to attain these goals. It is demonstrated that the calculated results are in broad agreement with two sets of experiments, one for a non-poled PIC-151 and the other for a fully poled PZT-5A. The theory also shows that creep polarization tends to reach a saturation state with time and that the saturated polarization has its maximum at the coercive field. PMID:27843406

Paleomagnetism of the Late Proterozoic Tsezotene Formation of northwestern Canada

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Park, John K.; Aitken, James D.

1986-04-01

Paleomagnetic evidence from 37 sites of the partly red-pigmented siliciclastic Tsezotene Formation supports a recently proposed apparent polar wander path for the Hadrynian Mackenzie Mountains supergroup (MMs). The probable primary remanence has a direction at D°, I° = 271, +24 (k = 15; α95° = 8) with an associated pole TA (12°N, 214°W; N = 23 specimens; δp°, δm° = 5, 9). TA becomes the oldest pole from the MMS. It helps bridge the gap between the apparently youngest poles of the Grenville Loop (about 0.88 Ga) and the suggested younger poles from the MMs. A secondary pole TB (23°N, 198°W; N = 18 sites; δp°, δm° = 3, 5), derived from a magnetic direction in hematite pigment (D°, I° = 263, +48; k = 73; α95° = 4), supports a magnetization found in the overlying "Copper cycle" and in younger units of the MMs as a pervasive overprint. Another secondary pole Tc (63°N, 141°W; N = 29 sites; δp°, δm° = 6, 6), derived from a magnetization (D°, I° = 317, +87; k = 89; α95° = 3) partly residing in another phase of hematite pigment, is of postfolding age (post-Paleocene). This study demonstrates the importance of using several treatment methods, singly and in combination, when analyzing complex magnetizations.

The controlled ecological life support system Antarctic analog project: Analysis of wastewater from the South Pole Station, Antarctica, volume 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Flynn, Michael T.; Bubenheim, David L.; Straight, Christian L.; Belisle, Warren

1994-01-01

The Controlled Ecological Life Support system (CELSS) Antarctic Analog Project (CAAP) is a joint National Science Foundation (NSF) and NASA project for the development, deployment and operation of CELSS technologies at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station. NASA goals are operational testing of CELSS technologies and the conduct of scientific studies to facilitate technology selection and system design. The NSF goals are that the food production, water purification, and waste treatment capabilities which will be provided by CAAP will improve the quality of life for the South Pole inhabitants, reduce logistics dependence, and minimize environmental impacts associated with human presence on the polar plateau. This report presents an analysis of wastewater samples taken from the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica. The purpose of the work is to develop a quantitative understanding of the characteristics of domestic sewage streams at the South Pole Station. This information will contribute to the design of a proposed plant growth/waste treatment system which is part of the CELSS Antarctic Analog Project (CAAP).

Superconductor magnetic reading and writing heads

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Barnes, F.S.; Dugas, M.P.

1990-11-20

This paper describes a head for interfacing with a magnetic recording media. It comprises: a member of magnetic material forming at least a portion of a magnetic flux circuit ending with a pole face surface in interfacing relation to the media for establishing a main pole in proximity to the media in the magnetic flux circuit, magnetically responsive means in magnetically coupled relation to the magnetic flux circuit, means encasing at least a portion of the external surfaces of the member with superconductive material except for the media interfacing portion of the pole face surface. The encasing means including superconductingmore » material substantially surrounding the magnetic flux circuit in proximity to the pole face surface, and means establishing an environment for the superconductive material at a temperature for maintaining the superconductive material in its superconductive state, whereby magnetic flux in the magnetic flux circuit associated with the encasing means is concentrated within the magnetic flux circuit while placement of the pole face surface in proximity to the recording media permits sensitive magnetic flux controlled information exchanges between the media and the head.« less

Patellar Shape-Memory Fixator for the Treatment of Comminuted Fractures of the Inferior Pole of the Patella

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Xin-Wei; Shang, Hui-Juan; Xu, Shuo-Gui; Wang, Zhi-Wei; Zhang, Chun-Cai; Fu, Qing-Ge

2011-07-01

Comminuted and displaced fractures of the inferior pole of the patella are not easy to reduce and it is difficult to fix the fragments soundly enough to allow early movement of the knee. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the internal fixation technique with Patellar Shape-Memory Fixator (PSMF) in acute comminuted fractures of the inferior pole of the patella. We retrospectively studied 25 patients with comminuted fractures of the inferior pole of the patella who were treated with PSMF and followed up for a mean period of 26 months (14 to 60). All the fractures healed at a mean of 6 weeks (5 to 7). The mean grading at the final follow-up was 29.5 points (27 to 30) using the Bostman score, with no observable restriction of movement. No breakage of the PSMF or infection occurred. No delayed union, nonunion, and infection were seen. This technique preserved the length of the patella, reduced the comminuted fragments of the inferior pole and avoided long-term immobilization of the knee.

Development of a neurofeedback protocol targeting the frontal pole using near-infrared spectroscopy.

PubMed

Kinoshita, Akihide; Takizawa, Ryu; Yahata, Noriaki; Homae, Fumitaka; Hashimoto, Ryuichiro; Sakakibara, Eisuke; Kawasaki, Shingo; Nishimura, Yukika; Koike, Shinsuke; Kasai, Kiyoto

2016-11-01

Neurofeedback has been studied with the aim of controlling cerebral activity. Near-infrared spectroscopy is a non-invasive neuroimaging technique used for measuring hemoglobin concentration changes in cortical surface areas with high temporal resolution. Thus, near-infrared spectroscopy may be useful for neurofeedback, which requires real-time feedback of repeated brain activation measurements. However, no study has specifically targeted neurofeedback, using near-infrared spectroscopy, in the frontal pole cortex. We developed an original near-infrared spectroscopy neurofeedback system targeting the frontal pole cortex. Over a single day of testing, each healthy participant (n = 24) received either correct or incorrect (Sham) feedback from near-infrared spectroscopy signals, based on a crossover design. Under correct feedback conditions, significant activation was observed in the frontal pole cortex (P = 0.000073). Additionally, self-evaluation of control and metacognitive beliefs were associated with near-infrared spectroscopy signals (P = 0.006). The neurofeedback system developed in this study might be useful for developing control of frontal pole cortex activation. © 2016 The Authors. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences © 2016 Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology.

Ring modulator small-signal response analysis based on pole-zero representation.

PubMed

Karimelahi, Samira; Sheikholeslami, Ali

2016-04-04

We present a closed-form expression for the small-signal response of a depletion-mode ring modulator and verify it by measurement results. Both electrical and optical behavior of micro-ring modulator as well as the loss variation due to the index modulation is considered in the derivation. This expression suggests that a ring modulator is a third-order system with one real pole, one zero and a pair of complex-conjugate poles. The exact positions of the poles/zero are given and shown to be dependent upon parameters such as electrical bandwidth, coupling condition, optical loss, and sign/value of laser detunings. We show that the location of zero is different for positive and negative detuning, and therefore, the ring modulator frequency response is asymmetric. We use the gain-bandwidth product as a figure of merit and calculate it for various pole/zero locations. We show that gain-bandwidth for the over-coupled ring modulator is superior compared to other coupling conditions. Also, we show that the gain-bandwidth product can be increased to a limit by increasing the electrical bandwidth.

Paleomagnetic study of late Miocene through Pleistocene igneous rocks from the southwestern USA: Results from the historic collections of the U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park laboratory

USGS Publications Warehouse

Mankinen, Edward A.

2008-01-01

Seventy sites from the southwestern United States provide paleomagnetic results that meet certain minimum criteria and can be considered for the Time‐Averaged Field Initiative (TAFI). The virtual geomagnetic poles for these 70 units are circularly distributed, and their mean is nearly coincident with the rotational axis. When other published data for the southwestern United States are included (N = 146), the virtual geomagnetic poles are again circularly distributed, but their mean is significantly displaced from the rotational axis. Whichever of these data sets is used, the mean poles for normal‐ and reversed‐polarity data differ by ∼170° and are not antipodal at greater than 95% confidence. When the data are separated into specific age groups, the 95% confidence limits about the mean poles for the Brunhes, Matuyama, combined Gauss/Gilbert, and late Miocene intervals all include the rotational axis. Angular dispersion about these four mean poles increases systematically with increasing age and is consistent with paleosecular variation Model “G.”

Digital PI-PD controller design for arbitrary order systems: Dominant pole placement approach.

PubMed

Dincel, Emre; Söylemez, Mehmet Turan

2018-05-02

In this paper, a digital PI-PD controller design method is proposed for arbitrary order systems with or without time-delay to achieve desired transient response in the closed-loop via dominant pole placement approach. The digital PI-PD controller design problem is solved by converting the original problem to the digital PID controller design problem. Firstly, parametrization of the digital PID controllers which assign dominant poles to desired location is done. After that the subset of digital PID controller parameters in which the remaining poles are located away from the dominant pole pair is found via Chebyshev polynomials. The obtained PID controller parameters are then transformed into the PI-PD controller parameters by considering the closed-loop controller zero and the design is completed. Success of the proposed design method is firstly demonstrated on an example transfer function and compared with the well-known PID controller methods from the literature through simulations. After that the design method is implemented on the fan and plate laboratory system in a real environment. Copyright © 2018 ISA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Direct localization of poles of a meromorphic function from measurements on an incomplete boundary

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nara, Takaaki; Ando, Shigeru

2010-01-01

This paper proposes an algebraic method to reconstruct the positions of multiple poles in a meromorphic function field from measurements on an arbitrary simple arc in it. A novel issue is the exactness of the algorithm depending on whether the arc is open or closed, and whether it encloses or does not enclose the poles. We first obtain a differential equation that can equivalently determine the meromorphic function field. From it, we derive linear equations that relate the elementary symmetric polynomials of the pole positions to weighted integrals of the field along the simple arc and end-point terms of the arc when it is an open one. Eliminating the end-point terms based on an appropriate choice of weighting functions and a combination of the linear equations, we obtain a simple system of linear equations for solving the elementary symmetric polynomials. We also show that our algorithm can be applied to a 2D electric impedance tomography problem. The effects of the proximity of the poles, the number of measurements and noise on the localization accuracy are numerically examined.

First Complete Look at Ceres Poles

NASA Image and Video Library

2015-11-20

Researchers from NASA's Dawn mission have composed the first comprehensive views of the north (left) and south pole regions (right) of dwarf planet Ceres, using images obtained by the Dawn spacecraft. The images were taken between Aug. 17 and Oct. 23, 2015, from an altitude of 915 miles (1,470 kilometers). The region around the south pole appears black in this view because this area has been in shade ever since Dawn's arrival on March 6, 2015, and is therefore not visible. At the north polar region, craters Jarovit, Ghanan and Asari are visible, as well as the mountain Ysolo Mons. Near the south pole, craters Attis and Zadeni can be seen. Detailed maps of the polar regions allow researchers to study the craters in this area and compare them to those covering other parts of Ceres. Variations in shape and complexity can point to different surface compositions. In addition, the bottoms of some craters located close to the poles receive no sunlight throughout Ceres' orbit around the sun. Scientists want to investigate whether surface ice can be found there. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA20126

Coupled Riccati equations for complex plane constraint

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Strong, Kristin M.; Sesak, John R.

1991-01-01

A new Linear Quadratic Gaussian design method is presented which provides prescribed imaginary axis pole placement for optimal control and estimation systems. This procedure contributes another degree of design freedom to flexible spacecraft control. Current design methods which interject modal damping into the system tend to have little affect on modal frequencies, i.e., they predictably shift open plant poles horizontally in the complex plane to form the closed loop controller or estimator pole constellation, but make little provision for vertical (imaginary axis) pole shifts. Imaginary axis shifts which reduce the closed loop model frequencies (the bandwidths) are desirable since they reduce the sensitivity of the system to noise disturbances. The new method drives the closed loop modal frequencies to predictable (specified) levels, frequencies as low as zero rad/sec (real axis pole placement) can be achieved. The design procedure works through rotational and translational destabilizations of the plant, and a coupling of two independently solved algebraic Riccati equations through a structured state weighting matrix. Two new concepts, gain transference and Q equivalency, are introduced and their use shown.

History of Chandra X-Ray Observatory

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-12-18

This Chandra image of Jupiter shows concentrations of aurora x-rays near the north and south poles due to a single `hot spot' that pulsates with a period of 45 minutes, similar to high-latitude radio pulsation previously detected by NASA's Galileo and Cassini spacecraft. Previous x-ray detections of Jupiter have been made with other x-ray telescopes, but did not reveal that the sources of the x-rays, energetic oxygen and sulfur ions, would be located so near the poles. Previous theories held that ions were mostly coming from Jupiter's moon, lo. Chandra's ability to pinpoint the source of the x-rays discards this theory since ions coming from near lo's orbit carnot reach the observed high latitudes. One possibility is that particles flowing out from the Sun are captured in the outer regions of Jupiter's magnetic field, then accelerated and directed toward its magnetic pole. Once captured, the ions would bounce back and forth in the magnetic field from Jupiter's north pole to the south pole in an oscillating motion that could explain the pulsation.

The development of the gamma-ray Cherenkov telescope at the South Pole

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barbagli, G.; Castellini, G.; Landi, G.; Morse, R.; Tasselli, P. L.; Tilav, S.

1993-05-01

An atmospheric Cherenkov telescope (ACT) designated GASP (Gamma Astronomy at the South Pole) has been installed near the SPASE (South Pole Air Shower Experiment) scintillator array at the South Pole Observing Facility. During the austral summer 1992, it was aimed at objects such as PKS 0537-441 and PSR 1706-44, simultaneously with the Egret detector on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO). Recently observed radio silent quasars that emit gamma rays with enormous intensity may account for the origin of cosmic ray flux at energies that exceed 1016 eV. Other galactic sources like Cygnus X-3 are believed to produce the UHE cosmic gamma flux. In addition to SPASE and GASP, a group of particle detectors (AMANDA, ACA, POOL, MICE) are currently being tested. The above instrumentation will constitute the South Pole Observatory Facility. The members of the GASP collaboration are as follows: Firenze: G. Barbagli G. Castellini, G. Landi, P.L. Tasselli; Purdue: J. Gaidos, F. Loeffler, G. Sembroski; C. Wilson; Smithsonian: K. Harris, M.A. Lawrence, T.C. Weekes; Wisconsin K. Engel, F. Halzen R. Morse, P. Surrey, S. Tilav

Control Code for Bearingless Switched-Reluctance Motor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morrison, Carlos R.

2007-01-01

A computer program has been devised for controlling a machine that is an integral combination of magnetic bearings and a switched-reluctance motor. The motor contains an eight-pole stator and a hybrid rotor, which has both (1) a circular lamination stack for levitation and (2) a six-pole lamination stack for rotation. The program computes drive and levitation currents for the stator windings with real-time feedback control. During normal operation, two of the four pairs of opposing stator poles (each pair at right angles to the other pair) levitate the rotor. The remaining two pairs of stator poles exert torque on the six-pole rotor lamination stack to produce rotation. This version is executable in a control-loop time of 40 s on a Pentium (or equivalent) processor that operates at a clock speed of 400 MHz. The program can be expanded, by addition of logic blocks, to enable control of position along additional axes. The code enables adjustment of operational parameters (e.g., motor speed and stiffness, and damping parameters of magnetic bearings) through computer keyboard key presses.

The Totem Pole Recycled.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sewall, Susan Breyer

1991-01-01

Presents an activity that integrates science, environmental education, art, and social studies. Students identify and research an endangered species and construct a totem pole depicting the species using a recyclable material. (MDH)

Jupiter's interior and deep atmosphere: The initial pole-to-pole passes with the Juno spacecraft

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bolton, S. J.; Adriani, A.; Adumitroaie, V.; Allison, M.; Anderson, J.; Atreya, S.; Bloxham, J.; Brown, S.; Connerney, J. E. P.; DeJong, E.; Folkner, W.; Gautier, D.; Grassi, D.; Gulkis, S.; Guillot, T.; Hansen, C.; Hubbard, W. B.; Iess, L.; Ingersoll, A.; Janssen, M.; Jorgensen, J.; Kaspi, Y.; Levin, S. M.; Li, C.; Lunine, J.; Miguel, Y.; Mura, A.; Orton, G.; Owen, T.; Ravine, M.; Smith, E.; Steffes, P.; Stone, E.; Stevenson, D.; Thorne, R.; Waite, J.; Durante, D.; Ebert, R. W.; Greathouse, T. K.; Hue, V.; Parisi, M.; Szalay, J. R.; Wilson, R.

2017-05-01

On 27 August 2016, the Juno spacecraft acquired science observations of Jupiter, passing less than 5000 kilometers above the equatorial cloud tops. Images of Jupiter's poles show a chaotic scene, unlike Saturn's poles. Microwave sounding reveals weather features at pressures deeper than 100 bars, dominated by an ammonia-rich, narrow low-latitude plume resembling a deeper, wider version of Earth's Hadley cell. Near-infrared mapping reveals the relative humidity within prominent downwelling regions. Juno's measured gravity field differs substantially from the last available estimate and is one order of magnitude more precise. This has implications for the distribution of heavy elements in the interior, including the existence and mass of Jupiter's core. The observed magnetic field exhibits smaller spatial variations than expected, indicative of a rich harmonic content.

The Anari and Tapirapua Jurassic formations, western Brazil: Paleomagnetism, geochemistry and geochronology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Montes-Lauar, C. R.; Pacca, I. G.; Melfi, A. J.; Piccirillo, E. M.; Bellieni, G.; Petrini, R.; Rizzieri, R.

1994-12-01

The Anari and Tapirapua formations are very similar from the point of view of paleomagnetic, geochronological and geochemical results. They date from around 197 Ma and the flows are mainly tholeiitic basalts with a low TiO2 and incompatible element content. The magnetic carriers in rocks from these two formations were highly oxidized titanomagnetites, maghemites and, probably, titanomaghemites. Paleomagnetic analysis has shown that the magnetizations are all normal in polarity and virtual geomagnetic poles obtained for both formations are indistinguishable at the 95% confidence level. The calculated mean for these poles is 250.3 deg E, 65.5 deg S (N = 15; A95 = 3.6 deg; KSC = 1578). This pole is compatible with Jurassic poles which have been determined for South America or transposed from Africa.

Instrument for analysis of electric motors based on slip-poles component

DOEpatents

Haynes, Howard D.; Ayers, Curtis W.; Casada, Donald A.

1996-01-01

A new instrument for monitoring the condition and speed of an operating electric motor from a remote location. The slip-poles component is derived from a motor current signal. The magnitude of the slip-poles component provides the basis for a motor condition monitor, while the frequency of the slip-poles component provides the basis for a motor speed monitor. The result is a simple-to-understand motor health monitor in an easy-to-use package. Straightforward indications of motor speed, motor running current, motor condition (e.g., rotor bar condition) and synthesized motor sound (audible indication of motor condition) are provided. With the device, a relatively untrained worker can diagnose electric motors in the field without requiring the presence of a trained engineer or technician.

Instrument for analysis of electric motors based on slip-poles component

DOEpatents

Haynes, H.D.; Ayers, C.W.; Casada, D.A.

1996-11-26

A new instrument is described for monitoring the condition and speed of an operating electric motor from a remote location. The slip-poles component is derived from a motor current signal. The magnitude of the slip-poles component provides the basis for a motor condition monitor, while the frequency of the slip-poles component provides the basis for a motor speed monitor. The result is a simple-to-understand motor health monitor in an easy-to-use package. Straightforward indications of motor speed, motor running current, motor condition (e.g., rotor bar condition) and synthesized motor sound (audible indication of motor condition) are provided. With the device, a relatively untrained worker can diagnose electric motors in the field without requiring the presence of a trained engineer or technician. 4 figs.

Miniature micromachined quadrupole mass spectrometer array and method of making the same

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chutjian, Ara (Inventor); Brennen, Reid A. (Inventor); Hecht, Michael (Inventor); Wiberg, Dean (Inventor); Orient, Otto (Inventor)

2001-01-01

The present invention provides a quadrupole mass spectrometer and an ion filter for use in the quadrupole mass spectrometer. The ion filter includes a thin patterned layer including a two-dimensional array of poles forming one or more quadrupoles. The patterned layer design permits the use of very short poles and with a very dense spacing of the poles, so that the ion filter may be made very small. Also provided is a method for making the ion filter and the quadrupole mass spectrometer. The method involves forming the patterned layer of the ion filter in such a way that as the poles of the patterned layer are formed, they have the relative positioning and alignment for use in a final quadrupole mass spectrometer device.

Miniature micromachined quadrupole mass spectrometer array and method of making the same

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hecht, Michael (Inventor); Wiberg, Dean (Inventor); Orient, Otto (Inventor); Brennen, Reid A. (Inventor); Chutjian, Ara (Inventor)

2001-01-01

The present invention provides a quadrupole mass spectrometer and an ion filter for use in the quadrupole mass spectrometer. The ion filter includes a thin patterned layer including a two-dimensional array of poles forming one or more quadrupoles. The patterned layer design permits the use of very short poles and with a very dense spacing of the poles, so that the ion filter may be made very small. Also provided is a method for making the ion filter and the quadrupole mass spectrometer. The method involves forming the patterned layer of the ion filter in such a way that as the poles of the patterned layer are formed, they have the relative positioning and aligrnent for use in a final quadrupole mass spectrometer device.

Miniature micromachined quadrupole mass spectrometer array and method of making the same

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Orient, Otto (Inventor); Wiberg, Dean (Inventor); Brennen, Reid A. (Inventor); Hecht, Michael (Inventor); Chutjian, Ara (Inventor)

2000-01-01

The present invention provides a quadrupole mass spectrometer and an ion filter for use in the quadrupole mass spectrometer. The ion filter includes a thin patterned layer including a two-dimensional array of poles forming one or more quadrupoles. The patterned layer design permits the use of very short poles and with a very dense spacing of the poles, so that the ion filter may be made very small. Also provided is a method for making the ion filter and the quadrupole mass spectrometer. The method involves forming the patterned layer of the ion filter in such a way that as the poles of the patterned layer are formed, they have the relative positioning and alignment for use in a final quadrupole mass spectrometer device.

Hybrid-Particle-In-Cell Simulation of Backsputtered Carbon Transport in the Near-Field Plume of a Hall Thruster

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Choi, Maria; Yim, John T.; Williams, George J.; Herman, Daniel A.; Gilland, James H.

2018-01-01

Magnetic shielding has eliminated boron nitride erosion as the life limiting mechanism in a Hall thruster but has resulted in erosion of the front magnetic field pole pieces. Recent experiments show that the erosion of graphite pole covers, which are added to protect the magnetic field pole pieces, causes carbon to redeposit on other surfaces, such as boron nitride discharge channel and cathode keeper surfaces. As a part of the risk-reduction activities for Advanced Electric Propulsion System thruster development, this study models transport of backsputtered carbon from the graphite front pole covers and vacuum facility walls. Fluxes, energy distributions, and redeposition rates of backsputtered carbon on the anode, discharge channel, and graphite cathode keeper surfaces are predicted.

Global plate tectonics and the secular motion of the pole

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Soler, T.

1977-01-01

Astronomical data compiled during the last 70 years by the international organizations providing the coordinates of the instantaneous pole clearly shows a persistent drift of the mean pole. The differential contributions to the earth's second-order tensor of inertia were obtained and applied, resulting in no significant displacement of the earth's principal axis. In view of the above, the effect that theoretical geophysical models for absolute plate velocities may have on an apparent displacement of the mean pole as a consequence of station drifting was analyzed. The investigation also reports new values for the crustal tensor of inertia (assuming an ellipsoidal earth) and the orientation of its axis of figure, reopening the old speculation of a possible sliding of the whole crustover the upper mantle, including the supporting geophysical and astronomic evidence.

External electro-optic sampling utilizing a poled polymer asymmetric Fabry Perot cavity as an electro-optical probe tip

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Kaixin; Zhang, Hongbo; Zhang, Daming; Yang, Han; Yi, Maobin

2002-09-01

External electro-optic sampling utilizing a poled polymer asymmetry Fabry-Perot cavity as electro-optic probe tip has been demonstrated. Electro-optical polymer spin coated on the high-reflectivity mirror (HRM) was corona poled. Thus, an asymmetric F-P cavity was formed based on the different reflectivity of the polymer and HRM and it converted the phase modulation that originates from electro-optic effect of the poled polymer to amplitude modulation, so only one laser beam is needed in this system. The principle of the sampling was analyzed by multiple reflection and index ellipsoid methods. A 1.2 GHz microwave signal propagating on coplanar waveguide transmission line was sampled, and the voltage sensitivity about 0.5 mV/ Hz was obtained.

Rotor for a line start permanent magnet machine

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Melfi, Mike; Schiferl, Rich; Umans, Stephen

A rotor comprises laminations with a plurality of rotor bar slots with an asymmetric arrangement about the rotor. The laminations also have magnet slots equiangularly spaced about the rotor. The magnet slots extend near to the rotor outer diameter and have permanent magnets disposed in the magnet slots creating magnetic poles. The magnet slots may be formed longer than the permanent magnets disposed in the magnets slots and define one or more magnet slot apertures. The permanent magnets define a number of poles and a pole pitch. The rotor bar slots are spaced from adjacent magnet slots by a distancemore » that is at least 4% of the pole pitch. Conductive material is disposed in the rotor bar slots, and in some embodiments, may be disposed in the magnet slot apertures.« less

The orbits of satellites of (22) Kalliope and (317) Roxane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Drummond, Jack D.; Reynolds, Odell; Buckman, Miles; Eickhoff, Mark

2017-10-01

Between October 2016 and February 2017 we imaged asteroid (22) Kalliope (10.3

Disentangling the dynamical origin of P11 nucleon resonances.

PubMed

Suzuki, N; Juliá-Díaz, B; Kamano, H; Lee, T-S H; Matsuyama, A; Sato, T

2010-01-29

We show that two almost degenerate poles near the piDelta threshold and the next higher mass pole in the P11 partial wave of piN scattering evolve from a single bare state through its coupling with piN, etaN, and pipiN reaction channels. This finding provides new information on understanding the dynamical origins of the Roper N{*}(1440) and N{*}(1710) resonances listed by Particle Data Group. Our results for the resonance poles in other piN partial waves are also presented.

Thermal Relaxation Processes and Stability in Poled Electro-Optic Polymers

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-06-30

34, Gordon Research Conference on Dielectric Phenomena, Holderness School, NH July 31-August 5, 1994. 2. K.D. Singer, R. Dureiko, J. Khaydarov , and R...Fuerst, "Relaxation in Poled Electro- optic Polymers", 4th Iketani Conference, Hawaii, May 17-20, 1994. 3. J.H. Andrews, J.D.V. Khaydarov , and K.D. Singer...Dureiko, J. Khaydarov , and R. Fuerst, "Relaxation Phenomena in Poled Electro-Optic Polymers", Proc. Mat. Res. Soc. 328, 499 (1994). 5. R.A. Fuerst, "Thermal

Pole and piling production in the Midsouth

Treesearch

Roy C. Beltz; Joe F. Christopher

1968-01-01

In 1964, nearly 53 million cubic feet of poles and piling were produced in the Midsouth-Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Texas. Virtually all the volume was southern pine.

Anatomy of the collecting system of lower pole of the kidney in patients with a single renal stone: a comparative study with individuals with normal kidneys.

PubMed

Zomorrodi, Afshar; Buhluli, Abulfazel; Fathi, Samad

2010-07-01

At least 5% of women and 12% of men during their lives will experience renal colic, at least once. Many theories have been suggested for the etiology of renal stones and variations in the anatomy of the collecting system have been suggested to have a role in stone formation. This study was conducted to examine the role of variation of lower pole collecting system in patients with lower pole kidney stone and compared the same in normal persons (kidney donors). Investigation for the anatomy of the lower pole of the kidney (angle between lower infundibulum and pelvis, length and diameter of the infundibulum and number and pattern distribution of calyces) was carried out using intravenous pyelogram (IVP) in 100 cases with urinary stone (study cases) and 400 persons with normal kidneys (control subjects). The study was a retrospective cross-sectional case control study. Results were analyzed by Mann-Whitney and independent sample chi square tests. The mean infundibulum-pelvic angle (IPA) in control subjects and in patients was 112.5 +/- 10.7 and 96.6 +/- 28.8, respectively. There was significant correlation between reduced angle and stone formation (P= < 0.001). The mean infundibulum-uretero-pelvic angle (IUPA) in control subjects and study cases was 53.5 +/- 12.7 and 42.6 +/- 13.4, respectively. There was significant correlation between decreased angle and stone formation (P = or < 0.001). The mean length of infundibulum of lower pole of kidney (IPIL) in controls and study patients was 22.5 +/- 4.1 and 27.5 +/- 7.7, respectively, which was statistically significant (P< 0.001). The mean number of calyces in lower pole of the kidney (LPCN) in controls and study patients was 2.6 +/- 0.6 and 3 +/- 0.9, respectively, which was statistically significant (P = or < 0.002). There was no significant correlation between distribution of calyces and stone formation (P= 0.366). Our study suggests that abnormal renal anatomy was more common in patients with lower pole kidney stone and should be considered a risk factor for forming lower pole kidney stone.

J SERIES MAGAZINE. J 107 SOUTH ELEVATION W/POLE. Naval ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

J SERIES MAGAZINE. J 107 SOUTH ELEVATION W/POLE. - Naval Magazine Lualualei, Headquarters Branch, Inert Storehouse Type, Twelfth Street between Kwajulein & New Mexico Streets, Pearl City, Honolulu County, HI

Paleomagnetic poles and polarity zonation from the middle proterozoic belt supergroup, montana and Idaho

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Elston, Donald P.; Bressler, Stephen L.

1980-01-01

Twelve paleomagnetic poles and a preliminary polarity zonation are reported from geologically mapped, stratigraphically controlled sections of the middle Proterozoic Belt Supergroup in western Montana and northern Idaho. Although gaps exist in the stratigraphic coverage, the lower Belt, Ravalli Group, and middle Belt carbonate appear to be largely if not entirely of normal polarity. A switch to reversed polarity takes place near the base of the overlying Missoula Group (base of Snowslip Fomration), and two comparatively narrow intervals of mixed polarity containing at least 18 reversals are found in the lower and middle Snowslip. Seven reversals, mostly widely spaced in stratigraphic position, have been found in overlying strata of the Missoula Group. Poles from strata of the Ravalli Group through Missoula Group are well defined and tightly clustered. They plot in the south-central Pacific Ocean and display only a small (~20°) southeast to northwest shift in pole path. Poles from Belt strata in the eastern basin plot sytematically east of poles from the more westerly collection sites. A counterclockwise shift in declination of 7°-10° is seen in strata from the easterly sites, which has given rise to a curving pole path that closely parallels the path for the westerly sites. This easterly path appears explainable as a consequence of a counterclokwise structural rotation of eastern Belt strata relative to western and central Belt strata produced during west ot east thrust faulting of late Mesozoic and early Cenozoic age. An additional counterclockwise rotation of the same magnitude exists between the northern and southern parts of the Montana fisturbed belt of the eastern Belt basin. Moreover, anomalously steep inclinations, not yet explained, have been reported from some of the strata sampled at the north end of the disturbed belt. The steep inclinations result in poles that plot distinctly east of poles reported from this study. The Belt pole path lies in a part of the North American apparent polar wander path that has been assigned an age of about 1500-1200 m.y. This is in broad agreement with isotopic ages reported for strata of the lower Belt to the middle Ravalli Group. The Belt path trends toward, and its northwest end overlaps, the beginning of the pole path for the Grand Canyon Supergroup, which formed in the interval from <~1300 to ~830 m.y. ago. Because polarity zonations differ between strata of the upper Belt and lower Grand Canyon Supergroups. Belt strata would appear, on paleomagnetic grounds, to be largely or entirely older than strata of the Grand Canyon Supergroup. However, isotopic ages for the Missoula Group (1100 m.y. and younger) presently require an alternative interpretation, i.e., that the Belt terrance did not participate in inferred plate motion which gave rise to a large north-trending loop in the inverval ~1200 to ~1100 m.y. ago and to later motion seen in the Grand Canyon path. Additional dating is needed for the Purcell Lava of the Missoula Group to support or modify the 1100 m.y. age determined by the K-Ar method.

Acetylene around Jupiter Poles

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-12-29

This graphic shows the distribution of the organic molecule acetylene at the north and south poles of Jupiter, based on data obtained by NASA Cassini spacecraft in early January 2001. Movie is available at the Photojournal.

EAST ELEVATION WITH GRADUATED MEASURING POLE. VIEW FACING WEST ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

EAST ELEVATION WITH GRADUATED MEASURING POLE. VIEW FACING WEST - U.S. Naval Base, Pearl Harbor, Ford Island 5-Inch Antiaircraft Battery, Battery Command Center, Ford Island, Pearl City, Honolulu County, HI

29 CFR 1910.268 - Telecommunications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... ground line as possible using a pole prod or a screwdriver with a blade at least 5 inches long. If... conducter on the pole (exclusive of vertical runs and street light wiring), except: (i) Where communications...

29 CFR 1910.268 - Telecommunications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ground line as possible using a pole prod or a screwdriver with a blade at least 5 inches long. If... conducter on the pole (exclusive of vertical runs and street light wiring), except: (i) Where communications...

29 CFR 1910.268 - Telecommunications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... ground line as possible using a pole prod or a screwdriver with a blade at least 5 inches long. If... conducter on the pole (exclusive of vertical runs and street light wiring), except: (i) Where communications...

29 CFR 1910.268 - Telecommunications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... ground line as possible using a pole prod or a screwdriver with a blade at least 5 inches long. If... conducter on the pole (exclusive of vertical runs and street light wiring), except: (i) Where communications...

29 CFR 1910.268 - Telecommunications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... ground line as possible using a pole prod or a screwdriver with a blade at least 5 inches long. If... conducter on the pole (exclusive of vertical runs and street light wiring), except: (i) Where communications...

NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - 2008 Sees Fifth

Science.gov Websites

Information for NOAA Employees Related Links Satellite measurements NOAA South Pole Observatory NASA Ozone ; South Pole Ozonesonde Total Image. High resolution (Credit: NOAA) NASA satellites measured the maximum

South Pole - Ridges, Scarps, Craters

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-08-05

A cratered area near Mercury South Pole was photographed by NASA Mariner 10 during its second flyby of the planet of Sept. 21, 1974 the spacecraft made its first encounter with Mercury on March 19, 1974.

A spherical harmonics method for asteroid pole determination

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lumme, K.; Karttunen, H.; Bowell, E.

1990-01-01

A new and general method is presented for determining pole orientations of unresolved solar system bodies that exhibit brightness variation with rotation. The accuracy of the method is limited only by the number of available apparitions, which imposes the degree where the Legendre expansion must be truncated. It is shown that power spectra of lightcurves provide enough information to extract pole coordinates from the data, independent of body shape and albedo variegation. The method has been tested using several computer-generated synthetic light-curves, and the accuracy is found to be about 5 deg in both the longitude and latitude of the pole, which is considerably better than that obtained from the standard triaxial ellipsoid model. Finally, the new spherical harmonics method has been applied to six well-observed asteroids: 16 Psyche, 22 Kalliope, 39 Laetitia, 44 Nysa, 45 Eugenia, and 349 Dembowska.

Investigation of writing error in staggered heated-dot magnetic recording systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tipcharoen, W.; Warisarn, C.; Tongsomporn, D.; Karns, D.; Kovintavewat, P.

2017-05-01

To achieve an ultra-high storage capacity, heated-dot magnetic recording (HDMR) has been proposed, which heats a bit-patterned medium before recording data. Generally, an error during the HDMR writing process comes from several sources; however, we only investigate the effects of staggered island arrangement, island size fluctuation caused by imperfect fabrication, and main pole position fluctuation. Simulation results demonstrate that a writing error can be minimized by using a staggered array (hexagonal lattice) instead of a square array. Under the effect of main pole position fluctuation, the writing error is higher than the system without main pole position fluctuation. Finally, we found that the error percentage can drop below 10% when the island size is 8.5 nm and the standard deviation of the island size is 1 nm in the absence of main pole jitter.

Evaluation of Apple Maturity with Two Types of Dielectric Probes.

PubMed

Kafarski, Marcin; Wilczek, Andrzej; Szypłowska, Agnieszka; Lewandowski, Arkadiusz; Pieczywek, Piotr; Janik, Grzegorz; Skierucha, Wojciech

2018-01-04

The observed dielectric spectrum of ripe apples in the last period of shelf-life was analyzed using a multipole dielectric relaxation model, which assumes three active relaxation processes: primary α-process (water relaxation) and two secondary processes caused by solid-water-ion interactions α' (bound water relaxations), as well as β' (Maxwell-Wagner effect). The performance of two designs of the dielectric probe was compared: a classical coaxial open-ended probe (OE probe) and an open-ended probe with a prolonged central conductor in a form of an antenna (OE-A-probe). The OE-A probe increases the measurement volume and consequently extends the range of applications to other materials, like granulated agricultural products, soils, or liquid suspensions. However, its measurement frequency range is limited as compared to the OE probe because, above 1.5 GHz, the probe with the antenna generates higher propagation modes and the applied calibrations and calculations are not sufficient. It was shown that data from measurements using the OE-A probe gave slightly stronger correlations with apples' quality parameters than using the typical OE probe. Additionally, we have compared twelve multipole fitting models with different combinations of poles (eight three-pole and four two-pole models). It was shown that the best fit is obtained using a two-pole model for data collected for the OE-A probe and a three-pole model for the OE probe, using only Cole-Cole poles in both cases.

Evaluation of Apple Maturity with Two Types of Dielectric Probes

PubMed Central

Kafarski, Marcin; Szypłowska, Agnieszka; Lewandowski, Arkadiusz; Pieczywek, Piotr; Janik, Grzegorz; Skierucha, Wojciech

2018-01-01

The observed dielectric spectrum of ripe apples in the last period of shelf-life was analyzed using a multipole dielectric relaxation model, which assumes three active relaxation processes: primary α-process (water relaxation) and two secondary processes caused by solid-water-ion interactions α’ (bound water relaxations), as well as β’ (Maxwell-Wagner effect). The performance of two designs of the dielectric probe was compared: a classical coaxial open-ended probe (OE probe) and an open-ended probe with a prolonged central conductor in a form of an antenna (OE-A-probe). The OE-A probe increases the measurement volume and consequently extends the range of applications to other materials, like granulated agricultural products, soils, or liquid suspensions. However, its measurement frequency range is limited as compared to the OE probe because, above 1.5 GHz, the probe with the antenna generates higher propagation modes and the applied calibrations and calculations are not sufficient. It was shown that data from measurements using the OE-A probe gave slightly stronger correlations with apples’ quality parameters than using the typical OE probe. Additionally, we have compared twelve multipole fitting models with different combinations of poles (eight three-pole and four two-pole models). It was shown that the best fit is obtained using a two-pole model for data collected for the OE-A probe and a three-pole model for the OE probe, using only Cole-Cole poles in both cases. PMID:29300324

The somatic POLE P286R mutation defines a unique subclass of colorectal cancer featuring hypermutation, representing a potential genomic biomarker for immunotherapy

PubMed Central

Kim, Jihun; Kim, Deokhoon; Chun, Sung-Min; Kim, Jiyun; Kim, Tae Won; Park, Inja; Yu, Chang-Sik; Jang, Se Jin

2016-01-01

Early-onset colorectal cancers (EOCRCs) may have biological or genomic features distinct from late-onset CRCs (LOCRCs). Previous studies have mostly focused on the germline predisposition conditions of EOCRCs, but we hypothesized that EOCRCs may have distinct somatic aberrations that accelerate cancer development. To identify the somatic aberrations that accelerate cancer development at an early age, we conducted whole exome sequencing for 28 polyposis-unrelated, microsatellite stable (MSS) EOCRCs with no known germline predisposition conditions. Surprisingly, we found two distinct groups in the context of mutational burden: 6 hypermutated cases with 2325 to 10973 mutations and 22 nonhypermutated cases with 47 to 154 mutations. Further analysis revealed that four of the six hypermutated cases had the same POLE P286R mutation. We validated this finding in 83 MSS EOCRCs and 27 MSS LOCRCs, which revealed that 7.2% of EOCRCs (6/83) had the POLE P286R mutation, which was not found in LOCRCs. Clinicopathologically, EOCRCs with POLE mutations occurred far more frequently in the right colon than in the left colon, affecting men more frequently than women. In summary, we have identified a unique subclass of colon cancer characterized by a hypermutation associated with the POLE mutation. The acquisition of the POLE mutation leading to hypermutation can accelerate cancer development. Clinically, this subset with hypermutation may be susceptible to immune checkpoint blockade. PMID:27612425

zic-1 Expression in Planarian Neoblasts after Injury Controls Anterior Pole Regeneration

PubMed Central

Vásquez-Doorman, Constanza; Petersen, Christian P.

2014-01-01

Mechanisms that enable injury responses to prompt regenerative outgrowth are not well understood. Planarians can regenerate essentially any tissue removed by wounding, even after decapitation, due to robust regulation of adult pluripotent stem cells of the neoblast population. Formation of pole signaling centers involving Wnt inhibitors or Wnt ligands promotes head or tail regeneration, respectively, and this process requires the use of neoblasts early after injury. We used expression profiling of purified neoblasts to identify factors needed for anterior pole formation. Using this approach, we identified zic-1, a Zic-family transcription factor, as transcriptionally activated in a subpopulation of neoblasts near wound sites early in head regeneration. As head regeneration proceeds, the Wnt inhibitor notum becomes expressed in the newly forming anterior pole in zic-1-expressing cells descended from neoblasts. Inhibition of zic-1 by RNAi resulted in a failure to express notum at the anterior pole and to regenerate a head, but did not affect tail regeneration. Both injury and canonical Wnt signaling inhibition are required for zic-1 expression, and double-RNAi experiments suggest zic-1 inhibits Wnt signaling to allow head regeneration. Analysis of neoblast fate determinants revealed that zic-1 controls specification of notum-expressing cells from foxD-expressing neoblasts to form the anterior pole, which organizes subsequent outgrowth. Specialized differentiation programs may in general underlie injury-dependent formation of tissue organizing centers used for regenerative outgrowth. PMID:24992682

A proposed new classification for the renal collecting system of cattle.

PubMed

Pereira-Sampaio, Marco A; Bagetti Filho, Helio J S; Carvalho, Francismar S; Sampaio, Francisco J B; Henry, Robert W

2010-11-01

To evaluate the intrarenal anatomy of kidneys obtained from cattle and to propose a new classification for the renal collecting system of cattle. 37 kidneys from 20 adult male mixed-breed cattle. Intrarenal anatomy was evaluated by the use of 3-D endocasts made of the kidneys. The number of renal lobes and minor renal calyces in each kidney and each renal region (cranial pole, caudal pole, and hilus) was quantified. The renal pelvis was evident in all casts and was classified into 2 types (nondilated [28/37 {75.7%}] or dilated [9/37 {24.3%}]). All casts had a major renal calyx associated with the cranial pole and the caudal pole. The number of minor renal calices per kidney ranged from 13 to 64 (mean, 22.7). There was a significant correlation between the number of renal lobes and the number of minor renal calices for the entire kidney, the cranial pole region, and the hilus region; however, there was not a similar significant correlation for the caudal pole region. Major and minor renal calices were extremely narrow, compared with major and minor renal calices in pigs and humans. The renal collecting system of cattle, with a renal pelvis and 2 major renal calices connected to several minor renal calices by an infundibulum, differed substantially from the renal collecting system of pigs and humans. From a morphological standpoint, the kidneys of cattle were not suitable for use as a model in endourologic research and training.

Determining titan's spin state from cassini radar images

USGS Publications Warehouse

Stiles, B.W.; Kirk, R.L.; Lorenz, R.D.; Hensley, S.; Lee, E.; Ostro, S.J.; Allison, M.D.; Callahan, P.S.; Gim, Y.; Iess, L.; Del Marmo, P.P.; Hamilton, G.; Johnson, W.T.K.; West, R.D.

2008-01-01

For some 19 areas of Titan's surface, the Cassini RADAR instrument has obtained synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images during two different flybys. The time interval between flybys varies from several weeks to two years. We have used the apparent misregistration (by 10-30 km) of features between separate flybys to construct a refined model of Titan's spin state, estimating six parameters: north pole right ascension and declination, spin rate, and these quantities' first time derivatives We determine a pole location with right ascension of 39.48 degrees and declination of 83.43 degrees corresponding to a 0.3 degree obliquity. We determine the spin rate to be 22.5781 deg day -1 or 0.001 deg day-1 faster than the synchronous spin rate. Our estimated corrections to the pole and spin rate exceed their corresponding standard errors by factors of 80 and 8, respectively. We also found that the rate of change in the pole right ascension is -30 deg century-1, ten times faster than right ascension rate of change for the orbit normal. The spin rate is increasing at a rate of 0.05 deg day -1 per century. We observed no significant change in pole declination over the period for which we have data. Applying our pole correction reduces the feature misregistration from tens of km to 3 km. Applying the spin rate and derivative corrections further reduces the misregistration to 1.2 km. ?? 2008. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Gender differences in power production, energetic capacity and efficiency of elite cross‑country skiers during whole‑body, upper‑body, and arm poling.

PubMed

Hegge, Ann Magdalen; Bucher, Elias; Ettema, Gertjan; Faude, Oliver; Holmberg, Hans-Christer; Sandbakk, Øyvind

2016-02-01

To characterize gender differences in power output, energetic capacity and exercise efficiency during whole-body (WP), upper-body (UP), and arm poling (AP). Ten male and ten female elite cross-country skiers, matched for international performance level, completed three incremental submaximal tests and a 3-min self-paced performance test on a Concept2 SkiErg. Power output, cardiorespiratory and kinematic variables were monitored. Body composition was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The men demonstrated 87, 97 and 103% higher power output, and 51, 65 and 71% higher VO2peak (L min(−1)) than the women during WP, UP and AP, respectively, while utilizing ~10% more of their running VO2max in all modes (all P < 0.001). The men had 35, 38 and 59% more lean mass in the whole body, upper body and arms (all P < 0.001). The men exhibited greater shoulder and elbow extension at the start of poling and greater trunk flexion at the end of poling (all P < 0.05). The relationship between VO2 and power output did not differ between the men and women. Gender differences in power production and peak aerobic capacity increased sequentially from WP to UP to AP, coinciding with a greater portion of the muscle mass in the arms of the men. Although the men and women employed each poling technique differently, the estimated efficiency of double poling was independent of gender.

Mars' Annular Polar Vortices and their Response to Atmospheric Dust Opacity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guzewich, S.; Waugh, D.; Toigo, A. D.

2016-12-01

The potential vorticity structure of the martian polar vortices is distinct from Earth's stratospheric or tropospheric vortices. Rather than exhibiting monotonically increasing potential vorticity toward the geographic pole, as on Earth, the martian fall and winter polar vortices are annular with the potential vorticity maximum situated off the pole and a local minimum in potential vorticity at the pole. Using the MarsWRF general circulation model (GCM), we perform a series of simulations to examine the source of this annular structure. We find that latent heat exchange from the formation of CO2 ice aerosols within the vortex, in a region very near the geographic pole, destroys potential vorticity and creates the annular structure. Furthermore, we describe Mars Climate Sounder and Thermal Emission Spectrometer observations of "transient vortex warming" events, where the air inside the northern hemisphere winter polar vortex is briefly warmed. During the Mars Year 28 (2007) global dust storm, the temperature inside the vortex increased by 70 K and dust directly entered the vortex. Using additional GCM simulations, we diagnose the dynamical changes associated with these transient vortex warming events and find that poleward expansion of the descending branch of the meridional overturning circulation during periods of increased dust opacity disrupts the northern hemisphere winter polar vortex. These increased temperatures also suppress CO2 condensation at the pole, creating a more Earth-like polar vortex where potential vorticity is maximized near the geographic pole.

Modern methods of experimental construction of texture complete direct pole figures by using X-ray data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Isaenkova, M.; Perlovich, Yu; Fesenko, V.

2016-04-01

Currently used methods for constructing texture complete direct pole figure (CDPF) based on the results of X-ray diffractometric measurements were considered with respect to the products of Zr-based alloys and, in particular, used in a nuclear reactor cladding tubes, for which the accuracy of determination of integral texture parameters is of the especial importance. The main attention was devoted to technical issues which are solved by means of computer processing of large arrays of obtained experimental data. Among considered questions there are amendments of the defocusing, techniques for constructing of complete direct pole figures and determination of integral textural parameters. The methods of reconstruction of complete direct pole figures by partial direct pole figures recorded up to tilt angles of sample ψ=70-80°: the method of extrapolation of data to an uninvestigated region of the stereographic projection, and the method of "sewing" of partial pole figures measured for three mutually perpendicular plane sections of the product. The limits of applicability of these methods, depending on the shape of the test product and the degree of inhomogeneity of the layer-by-layer texture, were revealed. On the basis of a large number of experimental data, the accuracy of the integral parameters used for calculation of the physical and mechanical properties of metals with a hexagonal crystal structure was found to be equal to 0.02, when taking into account the texture heterogeneity of regular products from Zr-based alloys.

Histiocytic Sarcoma and Bilateral Facial Vein Thrombosis in a Siberian Hamster (Phodopus sungorus).

PubMed

Coble, Dondrae J; Shoemaker, Margaret; Harrington, Bonnie; Dardenne, Adrienne D; Bolon, Brad

2015-04-01

A 21-mo-old, male Siberian hamster (Phodopus sungorus) presented with left-sided facial swelling, proptosis of the left eye, and blepharospasm of the right eye. The hamster had been used only for breeding. Because of the poor prognosis, the hamster was euthanized without additional diagnostic assays or treatments. Routine gross pathologic evaluation demonstrated exophthalmos and presumptive hyphema of the left eye, bilateral facial edema, freely movable nodules within the mesentery, white foci within the liver, and a large mass effacing the cranial pole of the right kidney. On histologic evaluation, the mesenteric nodules and liver foci expressed histiocytic marker CD163 and thus were diagnosed as sites of histiocytic sarcoma, whereas the kidney mass was a well-differentiated renal cell carcinoma. The facial swelling resulted from bilateral, chronic, severe, branching thrombi in many facial veins. Additional age-related histopathologic findings were observed in other organs, including diffuse glomerulopathy, nesidioblastosis (pancreatic islet neoformation), and multiple foci of severe cartilage degeneration in the axial skeleton. To our knowledge, this report provides the first description of histiocytic sarcoma in a Siberian hamster.

Lunar Obliquity History Revisited

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Siegler, M.; Bills, B.; Paige, D.

2007-12-01

In preparation for a LRO (Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter) related study of possible lunar polar volatiles, we re- examined the lunar orbital and rotational history, with primary focus on the obliquity history of the Moon. Though broad models have been made of lunar obliquity, a cohesive obliquity history was not found. We report on a new model of lunar obliquity including secular changes in inclination of the lunar orbit, tidal dissipation, lunar moments of inertia, and details for periods outside of the stable configurations known as Cassini states. For planets, the obliquity, or angle between the spin and orbit poles, is the dominant control on incident solar radiation. For planetary satellites, the radiation pattern can be more complex, as it depends on the mutual inclinations of three poles; the satellite spin and orbit poles, and the planetary heliocentric orbit pole. Presently, the lunar spin pole and orbit pole co-precess about the ecliptic pole, in a stable situation known as a Cassini state. As a result, permanently shadowed regions near the poles are expected to exist and act as cold traps, retaining water or other volatiles delivered to the surface by comets, solar wind, or via outgassing of the lunar interior. However, tidally driven secular changes in the lunar semimajor axis cause changes in precession rates of the spin and orbit poles, and thereby alter or destabilize the Cassini states. Only one prograde Cassini state exists at present (state 2). In the standard Cassini state model of Ward [1975], two other such states would have existed in the past (states 1 and 4) with the Moon starting in the low obliquity state 1, and remaining there until states 1 and 4 merged and disappear, at roughly half the present Earth-Moon distance. At that point, the Moon transitioned into the currently occupied state 2, and briefly attained very high obliquity values during the transition, and then stayed in state 2 until the present. If correct, this model implies that the transition from state 1 to state 2 is the most important event in the histories of lunar obliquity and polar volatiles, as it separates two periods in which current lunar cold traps could have existed with a period of high polar insolation which could have mobilized volatiles into space or to greater depths in the lunar near surface. If incorrect, lunar cold traps may prove only a very recent phenomenon. By including secular orbit changes, our model should help determine if this Cassini state stability really dominated in the past and allow detailed examination of extra-Cassini state periods.

A variable-mode stator consequent pole memory machine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Hui; Lyu, Shukang; Lin, Heyun; Zhu, Z. Q.

2018-05-01

In this paper, a variable-mode concept is proposed for the speed range extension of a stator-consequent-pole memory machine (SCPMM). An integrated permanent magnet (PM) and electrically excited control scheme is utilized to simplify the flux-weakening control instead of relatively complicated continuous PM magnetization control. Due to the nature of memory machine, the magnetization state of low coercive force (LCF) magnets can be easily changed by applying either a positive or negative current pulse. Therefore, the number of PM poles may be changed to satisfy the specific performance requirement under different speed ranges, i.e. the machine with all PM poles can offer high torque output while that with half PM poles provides wide constant power range. In addition, the SCPMM with non-magnetized PMs can be considered as a dual-three phase electrically excited reluctance machine, which can be fed by an open-winding based dual inverters that provide direct current (DC) bias excitation to further extend the speed range. The effectiveness of the proposed variable-mode operation for extending its operating region and improving the system reliability is verified by both finite element analysis (FEA) and experiments.

Apparatus and method for reducing inductive coupling between levitation and drive coils within a magnetic propulsion system

DOEpatents

Post, Richard F.

2001-01-01

An apparatus and method is disclosed for reducing inductive coupling between levitation and drive coils within a magnetic levitation system. A pole array has a magnetic field. A levitation coil is positioned so that in response to motion of the magnetic field of the pole array a current is induced in the levitation coil. A first drive coil having a magnetic field coupled to drive the pole array also has a magnetic flux which induces a parasitic current in the levitation coil. A second drive coil having a magnetic field is positioned to attenuate the parasitic current in the levitation coil by canceling the magnetic flux of the first drive coil which induces the parasitic current. Steps in the method include generating a magnetic field with a pole array for levitating an object; inducing current in a levitation coil in response to motion of the magnetic field of the pole array; generating a magnetic field with a first drive coil for propelling the object; and generating a magnetic field with a second drive coil for attenuating effects of the magnetic field of the first drive coil on the current in the levitation coil.

A forkhead Transcription Factor Is Wound-Induced at the Planarian Midline and Required for Anterior Pole Regeneration

PubMed Central

Scimone, M. Lucila; Lapan, Sylvain W.; Reddien, Peter W.

2014-01-01

Planarian regeneration requires positional information to specify the identity of tissues to be replaced as well as pluripotent neoblasts capable of differentiating into new cell types. We found that wounding elicits rapid expression of a gene encoding a Forkhead-family transcription factor, FoxD. Wound-induced FoxD expression is specific to the ventral midline, is regulated by Hedgehog signaling, and is neoblast-independent. FoxD is subsequently expressed within a medial subpopulation of neoblasts at wounds involving head regeneration. Ultimately, FoxD is co-expressed with multiple anterior markers at the anterior pole. Inhibition of FoxD with RNA interference (RNAi) results in the failure to specify neoblasts expressing anterior markers (notum and prep) and in anterior pole formation defects. FoxD(RNAi) animals fail to regenerate a new midline and to properly pattern the anterior blastema, consistent with a role for the anterior pole in organizing pattern of the regenerating head. Our results suggest that wound signaling activates a forkhead transcription factor at the midline and, if the head is absent, FoxD promotes specification of neoblasts at the prior midline for anterior pole regeneration. PMID:24415944

Stem cell-dependent formation of a functional anterior regeneration pole in planarians requires Zic and Forkhead transcription factors.

PubMed

Vogg, Matthias C; Owlarn, Suthira; Pérez Rico, Yuvia A; Xie, Jianlei; Suzuki, Yoko; Gentile, Luca; Wu, Wei; Bartscherer, Kerstin

2014-06-15

Planarians can regenerate their head within days. This process depends on the direction of adult stem cells to wound sites and the orchestration of their progenitors to commit to appropriate lineages and to arrange into patterned tissues. We identified a zinc finger transcription factor, Smed-ZicA, as a downstream target of Smed-FoxD, a Forkhead transcription factor required for head regeneration. Smed-zicA and Smed-FoxD are co-expressed with the Wnt inhibitor notum and the Activin inhibitor follistatin in a cluster of cells at the anterior-most tip of the regenerating head - the anterior regeneration pole - and in surrounding stem cell progeny. Depletion of Smed-zicA and Smed-FoxD by RNAi abolishes notum and follistatin expression at the pole and inhibits head formation downstream of initial polarity decisions. We suggest a model in which ZicA and FoxD transcription factors synergize to control the formation of Notum- and Follistatin-producing anterior pole cells. Pole formation might constitute an early step in regeneration, resulting in a signaling center that orchestrates cellular events in the growing tissue. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Lunar Pole Illumination and Communications Maps Computed from GSSR Elevation Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bryant, Scott

2009-01-01

A Digital Elevation Model of the lunar south pole was produced using Goldstone Solar System RADAR (GSSR) data obtained in 2006.12 This model has 40-meter horizontal resolution and about 5-meter relative vertical accuracy. This Digital Elevation Model was used to compute average solar illumination and Earth visibility with 100 kilometers of the lunar south pole. The elevation data were converted into local terrain horizon masks, then converted into lunar-centric latitude and longitude coordinates. The horizon masks were compared to latitude, longitude regions bounding the maximum Sun and Earth motions relative to the moon. Estimates of Earth visibility were computed by integrating the area of the region bounding the Earth's motion that was below the horizon mask. Solar illumination and other metrics were computed similarly. Proposed lunar south pole base sites were examined in detail, with the best site showing yearly solar power availability of 92 percent and Direct-To-Earth (DTE) communication availability of about 50 percent. Similar analysis of the lunar south pole used an older GSSR Digital Elevation Model with 600-meter horizontal resolution. The paper also explores using a heliostat to reduce the photovoltaic power system mass and complexity.

U-Pb geochronology and paleomagnetism of the Neoproterozoic St Simeon dolerite dykes, Quebec: an eastern Laurentian perspective of Ediacaran Rodinia breakup

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pisarevsky, Sergei; Murphy, Brendan; Hamilton, Mike; Söderlund, Ulf; Hodych, Joseph

2013-04-01

The St Simeon (SS) mafic dykes (150 km NE of Quebec City) are now dated at 548 ± 1 Ma (U-Pb; baddeleyite). This age is similar to a published LA-ICPMS zircon age of 550 ± 7 Ma for the Mt. St-Anselme (MS) basalts, which supports previous inferences of (i) a genetic relationship between them, (ii) the pene-contemporaneity of OIB-type mafic magmatism in East Laurentia and (iii) the existence of two late Ediacaran plumes that attended the final breakup of Rodinia and opening of the Iapetus Ocean and Tornquist Sea. Both the SS dykes and the MS basalts were sampled for paleomagnetic study. The paleomagnetic pole for SS is similar to the previously published pole for coeval basalts (Skinner Cove, SC) from Newfoundland. Unlike SC, the St Simeon pole represents rocks which are unambiguously coherent tectonically with the Laurentian Craton. This new pole is also coeval with high quality poles from the Winter Coast (Baltica) and provides paleomagnetic constraints on the history of the final breakup of Rodinia and opening of Eastern Iapetus and Tornquist Sea.

In situ SHG monitoring of dipolar orientation and relaxation in Disperse Red type/derivative urethane-urea copolymer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Samoc, A.; Holland, A.; Tsuchimori, M.; Watanabe, O.; Samoc, M.; Luther-Davies, B.; Kolev, V. Z.

2005-09-01

We investigated linear optical and second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of films of urethane-urea copolymer (UU2) functionalised with a high concentration of an azobenzene chromophore. The polymer films on ITO-coated substrate were corona poled to induce a noncentrosymmetric organization of chromophore dipoles and data on the second harmonic generated with the laser beam (the fundamental wavelength 1053 nm, 6 ps/pulse, 20 Hz repetition rate) was acquired as a function of time and temperature. Second harmonic generation (SHG) was used to monitor in situ the polar alignment and relaxation of orientation of the side-chain Disperse Red-like chromophore molecules in the films poled at room temperature and high above the glass transition temperature (Tg 140-150oC). The deff coefficient was determined from the Maker-fringe method and corrected for absorption. A strong second harmonic effect with a fast relaxation was observed in "cold" (room temperature) poling experiments. A large second-order resonantly enhanced optical nonlinearity (d33 of the order of 200 pm/V) was obtained in high temperature poling. A strong and stable nonlinearity has persisted for years after the films were high-temperature poled.

Coupling of protein localization and cell movements by a dynamically localized response regulator in Myxococcus xanthus

PubMed Central

Leonardy, Simone; Freymark, Gerald; Hebener, Sabrina; Ellehauge, Eva; Søgaard-Andersen, Lotte

2007-01-01

Myxococcus xanthus cells harbor two motility machineries, type IV pili (Tfp) and the A-engine. During reversals, the two machineries switch polarity synchronously. We present a mechanism that synchronizes this polarity switching. We identify the required for motility response regulator (RomR) as essential for A-motility. RomR localizes in a bipolar, asymmetric pattern with a large cluster at the lagging cell pole. The large RomR cluster relocates to the new lagging pole in parallel with cell reversals. Dynamic RomR localization is essential for cell reversals, suggesting that RomR relocalization induces the polarity switching of the A-engine. The analysis of RomR mutants shows that the output domain targets RomR to the poles and the receiver domain is essential for dynamic localization. The small GTPase MglA establishes correct RomR polarity, and the Frz two-component system regulates dynamic RomR localization. FrzS localizes with Tfp at the leading pole and relocates in an Frz-dependent manner to the opposite pole during reversals; FrzS and RomR localize and oscillate independently. The Frz system synchronizes these oscillations and thus the synchronous polarity switching of the motility machineries. PMID:17932488

In-situ poling and structurization of piezoelectric particulate composites.

PubMed

Khanbareh, H; van der Zwaag, S; Groen, W A

2017-11-01

Composites of lead zirconate titanate particles in an epoxy matrix are prepared in the form of 0-3 and quasi 1-3 with different ceramic volume contents from 10% to 50%. Two different processing routes are tested. Firstly a conventional dielectrophoretic structuring is used to induce a chain-like particle configuration, followed by curing the matrix and poling at a high temperature and under a high voltage. Secondly a simultaneous combination of dielectrophoresis and poling is applied at room temperature while the polymer is in the liquid state followed by subsequent curing. This new processing route is practiced in an uncured thermoset system while the polymer matrix still possess a relatively high electrical conductivity. Composites with different degrees of alignment are produced by altering the magnitude of the applied electric field. A significant improvement in piezoelectric properties of quasi 1-3 composites can be achieved by a combination of dielectrophoretic alignment of the ceramic particles and poling process. It has been observed that the degree of structuring as well as the functional properties of the in-situ structured and poled composites enhance significantly compared to those of the conventionally manufactured structured composites. Improving the alignment quality enhances the piezoelectric properties of the particulate composites.

Solar Open Flux Migration from Pole to Pole: Magnetic Field Reversal.

PubMed

Huang, G-H; Lin, C-H; Lee, L C

2017-08-25

Coronal holes are solar regions with low soft X-ray or low extreme ultraviolet intensities. The magnetic fields from coronal holes extend far away from the Sun, and thus they are identified as regions with open magnetic field lines. Coronal holes are concentrated in the polar regions during the sunspot minimum phase, and spread to lower latitude during the rising phase of solar activity. In this work, we identify coronal holes with outward and inward open magnetic fluxes being in the opposite poles during solar quiet period. We find that during the sunspot rising phase, the outward and inward open fluxes perform pole-to-pole trans-equatorial migrations in opposite directions. The migration of the open fluxes consists of three parts: open flux areas migrating across the equator, new open flux areas generated in the low latitude and migrating poleward, and new open flux areas locally generated in the polar region. All three components contribute to the reversal of magnetic polarity. The percentage of contribution from each component is different for different solar cycle. Our results also show that the sunspot number is positively correlated with the lower-latitude open magnetic flux area, but negatively correlated with the total open flux area.

Late Quaternary variations in relative sea level due to glacial cycle polar wander

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bills, B.G.; James, T.S.

1996-01-01

Growth and decay of continental ice sheets can excite significant motion of the Earth's rotation pole and cause a complex spatio-temporal pattern of changes in relative sea level. These two effects have generally been considered separately, but may interact in important ways. In particular, a simple model of the melting of the Laurentide ice sheet causes a uniform eustatic sea level rise of 55 m, and also induces a motion of the rotation pole by 0.1 to 1 degree, depending on viscosity structure in the mantle. This motion produces a secular pole tide, which is a spherical harmonic degree 2, order 1 component of the relative sea level pattern, with peak-to-peak amplitude of 20 to 40 m. The maximum effect is along the great circle passing through the path of the pole and at latitudes of ??45??. This secular pole tide has been ignored in most previous attempts to estimate ice sheet loading history and mantle viscosity from global patterns of relative sea level change. It has a large influence along the East coast of North America and the West coast of South America, and significantly contributes to present day rates of relative sea level change.

Determination of the top-quark pole mass using tt¯ + 1-jet events collected with the ATLAS experiment in 7TeV pp collisions

DOE PAGES

Aad, G.; Abbott, B.; Abdallah, J.; ...

2015-10-19

In this study, the normalized differential cross section for top-quark pair production in association with at least one jet is studied as a function of the inverse of the invariant mass of the tt¯ + 1-jet system. This distribution can be used for a precise determination of the top-quark mass since gluon radiation depends on the mass of the quarks. The experimental analysis is based on proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC with a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb –1 . The selected events were identified usingmore » the lepton+jets top-quark-pair decay channel, where lepton refers to either an electron or a muon. The observed distribution is compared to a theoretical prediction at next-to-leading-order accuracy in quantum chromodynamics using the pole-mass scheme. With this method, the measured value of the top-quark pole mass, m pole t , is: m pole t = 173.7 ± 1.5(stat.) ± 1.4(syst.) +1.0 –0.5(theory) GeV.« less

Permanent Magnet Ecr Plasma Source With Magnetic Field Optimization

DOEpatents

Doughty, Frank C.; Spencer, John E.

2000-12-19

In a plasma-producing device, an optimized magnet field for electron cyclotron resonance plasma generation is provided by a shaped pole piece. The shaped pole piece adjusts spacing between the magnet and the resonance zone, creates a convex or concave resonance zone, and decreases stray fields between the resonance zone and the workpiece. For a cylindrical permanent magnet, the pole piece includes a disk adjacent the magnet together with an annular cylindrical sidewall structure axially aligned with the magnet and extending from the base around the permanent magnet. The pole piece directs magnetic field lines into the resonance zone, moving the resonance zone further from the face of the magnet. Additional permanent magnets or magnet arrays may be utilized to control field contours on a local scale. Rather than a permeable material, the sidewall structure may be composed of an annular cylindrical magnetic material having a polarity opposite that of the permanent magnet, creating convex regions in the resonance zone. An annular disk-shaped recurve section at the end of the sidewall structure forms magnetic mirrors keeping the plasma off the pole piece. A recurve section composed of magnetic material having a radial polarity forms convex regions and/or magnetic mirrors within the resonance zone.

Poling of Microwave Electro-Optic Devices

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Singer, Kenneth D.

1997-01-01

The desire to transmit high frequency, microwave RF signals over fiber optic cables has necessitated the need for electro-optic modulation devices. However, in order to reap these potential benefits, it is necessary to develop the devices and their associated fabrication processes, particularly those processes associated with the poling of the devices. To this end, we entered into a cooperative research agreement with Richard Kunath of NASA LeRC. A graduate student in my group, Tony Kowalczyk, worked closely with the group at NASA to develop processes for construction of a microwave frequency electro-optic modulator. Materials were commercially obtained from Amoco Chemical and in collaboration with Lockheed-Martin. The photolithography processes were developed at NASA LeRC and the electric-field poling process was carried out in our laboratory at CWRU. During the grant period, the poling process conditions were investigated for these multilayer devices. Samples were poled and the resulting nonlinear optical properties were evaluated in our laboratory. Following the grant period, Kowalczyk went to NASA under a NRC fellowship, and I continued to collaborate as a consultant. Publications listed at the end of this report came out of this work. Another manuscript is in preparation and will be submitted shortly.

Same view as photograph OR1228, without range pole Steamboat ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Same view as photograph OR-122-8, without range pole - Steamboat Mine, Southeast slope of Steamboat Mountain, west of the junction of Forest Service Roads 1000300 and 1000365, Jacksonville, Jackson County, OR

Detail of base of monopole antenna element with graduated pole, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Detail of base of monopole antenna element with graduated pole, view facing north - U.S. Naval Base, Pearl Harbor, Naval Radio Station, AF/FRD-10 Circularly Disposed Antenna Array, Wahiawa, Honolulu County, HI

6. ADMINISTRATION BUILDING WITH FLAG POLE, LOOKING SOUTH. NIKE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

6. ADMINISTRATION BUILDING WITH FLAG POLE, LOOKING SOUTH. - NIKE Missile Base SL-40, Administration Building, East central portion of base, southeast of Mess Hall, northeast of HIPAR Equipment Building, Hecker, Monroe County, IL

Gravity at the Moon North Pole

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-03-19

This is a polar stereographic map of gravity of the north polar region of the moon from the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory GRAIL mission. The map displays the region from latitude 60 north to the pole.

Encroaching Shadow

NASA Image and Video Library

2014-07-28

This image from NASA Cassini spacecraft, one of those acquired in the survey conducted by the Cassini imaging science team of the geyser basin at the south pole of Enceladus, was taken as Cassini was looking across the moon south pole.

Log amplifier with pole-zero compensation

DOEpatents

Brookshier, William

1987-01-01

A logarithmic amplifier circuit provides pole-zero compensation for improved stability and response time over 6-8 decades of input signal frequency. The amplifier circuit includes a first operational amplifier with a first feedback loop which includes a second, inverting operational amplifier in a second feedback loop. The compensated output signal is provided by the second operational amplifier with the log elements, i.e., resistors, and the compensating capacitors in each of the feedback loops having equal values so that each break point or pole is offset by a compensating break point or zero.

Polarization Mechanisms in Phase II Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) Films.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-11-12

34 OdRO a mnk W) Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride), x-rays, piezelectricity, polarization, poling FAWWRmCT ffls~ -ew nam 9 Uf"Oo me..Mv £*mM NOWsA Unoriented...phase II films were poled with fields up to 3.2 MV/cm at room o) temperature. A determination of the piezoelectric strain coefficient provided a measure...sT. VW OtU.4LF-41U.4" ". . -. I u CIImVP CLAI IaICATIOM OV- VPI PU.I (Ul... O111 111..41 the poling field and different polarization mechanisms appear

Scholarly Research Program Delivery Order 0011: Concept Design for a 1 MW Generator Based on a Permanent Magnet Rotor (Turbine Driven)

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-01-24

Phase Resistance 6 3.5 Required Turns Per Coil 6 3.6 Flux Per Pole Calculation 7 3.7 Slot Area 7 3.8 Stator Core Volume 8...PM) B - Conventional wound radial field C – Conventional surface PM rotor (developed by Gene Aha) D - PM flux squeezing radial field (developed...permanent magnet pole arc and the soft iron poles between the magnets are critical in the design to achieve the balance between the Reluctance and the

Determining coordinates of the rotational pole using satellite data from four sites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pisacane, V. L.; Dillon, S. C.

1981-02-01

The precision of the terrestrial coordinates of the rotational pole was determined from the satellite data using the Navy Navigation Satellite System (TRANSIT). Observations were made in Maine, Minnesota, California, and Hawaii; the data agreed with extrapolated and final coordinates from the Bureau International de l'Heure and final coordinates from the Doppler Polar Motion Service. The investigation indicates that low-cost and near-real-time estimates of the terrestrial coordinates of the pole are available as a by-product of the routine support required for the TRANSIT.

Photometric geodesy of main-belt asteroids. II - Analysis of lightcurves for poles, periods, and shapes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Drummond, J. D.; Weidenschilling, S. J.; Chapman, C. R.; Davis, D. R.

1988-01-01

The assumption that asteroids can be modeled as smooth, featureless, triaxial ellipsoids that rotate about their shortest axes is presently used to study all but one of the 26 asteroids treated in the Weidenschilling et al. (1987) 'photometric geodesy' program. Rotational poles derived from three independent methods are used to determine each asteroid's sidereal period and triaxial ellipsoid axial ratios, together with their associated photometric parameters. The asteroids appear to have rotational poles that do not lie along their orbital planes.

Magnetic transmission gear finite element simulation with iron pole hysteresis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Filippini, Mattia; Alotto, Piergiorgio; Glehn, Gregor; Hameyer, Kay

2018-04-01

Ferromagnetic poles in a magnetic transmission gear require particular attention during their design process. Usually, during the numerical simulation of these devices the effects of hysteresis for loss estimation are neglected and considered only during post-processing calculations. Since the literature lacks hysteresis models, this paper adopts a homogenized hysteretic model able to include eddy current and hysteresis losses in 2D laminated materials for iron poles. In this article the results related to the hysteresis in a magnetic gear are presented and compared to the non-hysteretic approach.

Shaft transducer having dc output proportional to angular velocity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Handlykken, M. B. (Inventor)

1984-01-01

A brushless dc tachometer is disclosed that includes a high strength toroidal permanent magnet for providing a uniform magnetic field in an air gap, an annular pole piece opposite the magnet, and a pickup coil wound around the pole piece and adapted to rotate about the axis of the pole piece. The pickup coil is rotated by an input shaft to which the coil is coupled with the friction clip. The output of the coil is conducted to circuitry by a twisted wire pair. The input shaft also activates a position transducing potentiometer.

Triaxial ellipsoid dimensions and rotational poles of seven asteroids from Lick Observatory adaptive optics images, and of Ceres

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Drummond, Jack; Christou, Julian

2008-10-01

Seven main belt asteroids, 2 Pallas, 3 Juno, 4 Vesta, 16 Psyche, 87 Sylvia, 324 Bamberga, and 707 Interamnia, were imaged with the adaptive optics system on the 3 m Shane telescope at Lick Observatory in the near infrared, and their triaxial ellipsoid dimensions and rotational poles have been determined with parametric blind deconvolution. In addition, the dimensions and pole for 1 Ceres are derived from resolved images at multiple epochs, even though it is an oblate spheroid.

Periodically poled silicon

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hon, Nick K.; Tsia, Kevin K.; Solli, Daniel R.; Jalali, Bahram

2009-03-01

We propose a new class of photonic devices based on periodic stress fields in silicon that enable second-order nonlinearity as well as quasi-phase matching. Periodically poled silicon (PePSi) adds the periodic poling capability to silicon photonics and allows the excellent crystal quality and advanced manufacturing capabilities of silicon to be harnessed for devices based on second-order nonlinear effects. As an example of the utility of the PePSi technology, we present simulations showing that midwave infrared radiation can be efficiently generated through difference frequency generation from near-infrared with a conversion efficiency of 50%.

Development of a Multiple Input Integrated Pole-to-Pole Global CMORPH

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Joyce, R.; Xie, P.

2013-12-01

A test system is being developed at NOAA Climate Prediction Center (CPC) to produce a passive microwave (PMW), IR-based, and model integrated high-resolution precipitation estimation on a 0.05olat/lon grid covering the entire globe from pole to pole. Experiments have been conducted for a summer Test Bed period using data for July and August of 2009. The pole-to-pole global CMORPH system is built upon the Kalman Filter based CMORPH algorithm of Joyce and Xie (2011). First, retrievals of instantaneous precipitation rates from PMW observations aboard nine low earth orbit (LEO) satellites are decoded and pole-to-pole mapped onto a 0.05olat/lon grid over the globe. Also precipitation estimates from LEO AVHRR retrievals are derived using a PDF matching of LEO IR with calibrated microwave combined (MWCOMB) precipitation retrievals. The motion vectors for the precipitating cloud systems are defined using information from both satellite IR observations and precipitation fields generated by the NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR). To this end, motion vectors are first computed for the CFSR hourly precipitation fields through cross-correlation analysis of consecutive hourly precipitation fields on the global T382 (~35 km) grid. In a similar manner, separate processing is also performed on satellite IR-based precipitation estimates to derive motion vectors from observations. A blended analysis of precipitating cloud motion vectors is then constructed through the combination of CFSR and satellite-derived vectors utilizing a two-dimensional optimal interpolation (2D-OI) method, in which CFSR-derived motion vectors are used as the first guess and subsequently satellite derived vectors modify the first guess. Weights used to generate the combinations are defined under the OI framework as a function of error statistics for the CFSR and satellite IR based motion vectors. The screened and calibrated PMW and AVHRR derived precipitation estimates are then separately spatially propagated forward and backward in time, using precipitating cloud motion vectors, from their observation time to the next PMW observation. The PMW estimates propagated in both the forward and backward directions are then combined with propagated IR-based precipitation estimates under the Kalman Filter framework, with weights defined based on previously determined error statistics dependent on latitude, season, surface type, and temporal distance from observation time. Performance of the pole-to-pole global CMORPH and its key components, including combined PMW (MWCOMB), IR-based, and model precipitation, as well as model-derived, IR-based, and blended precipitation motion vectors, will be examined against NSSL Q2 radar observed precipitation estimates over CONUS, Finland FMI radar precipitation, and a daily gauge-based analysis including daily Canadian surface reports over global land. Also an initial investigation will be performed over a January - February 2010 winter Test Bed period. Detailed results will be reported at the Fall 2013 AGU Meeting.

Particle-in-cell simulations of Earth-like magnetosphere during a magnetic field reversal

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barbosa, M. V. G.; Alves, M. V.; Vieira, L. E. A.; Schmitz, R. G.

2017-12-01

The geologic record shows that hundreds of pole reversals have occurred throughout Earth's history. The mean interval between the poles reversals is roughly 200 to 300 thousand years and the last reversal occurred around 780 thousand years ago. Pole reversal is a slow process, during which the strength of the magnetic field decreases, become more complex, with the appearance of more than two poles for some time and then the field strength increases, changing polarity. Along the process, the magnetic field configuration changes, leaving the Earth-like planet vulnerable to the harmful effects of the Sun. Understanding what happens with the magnetosphere during these pole reversals is an open topic of investigation. Only recently PIC codes are used to modeling magnetospheres. Here we use the particle code iPIC3D [Markidis et al, Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 2010] to simulate an Earth-like magnetosphere at three different times along the pole reversal process. The code was modified, so the Earth-like magnetic field is generated using an expansion in spherical harmonics with the Gauss coefficients given by a MHD simulation of the Earth's core [Glatzmaier et al, Nature, 1995; 1999; private communication to L.E.A.V.]. Simulations show the qualitative behavior of the magnetosphere, such as the current structures. Only the planet magnetic field was changed in the runs. The solar wind is the same for all runs. Preliminary results show the formation of the Chapman-Ferraro current in the front of the magnetosphere in all the cases. Run for the middle of the reversal process, the low intensity magnetic field and its asymmetrical configuration the current structure changes and the presence of multiple poles can be observed. In all simulations, a structure similar to the radiation belts was found. Simulations of more severe solar wind conditions are necessary to determine the real impact of the reversal in the magnetosphere.

PolyPole-1: An accurate numerical algorithm for intra-granular fission gas release

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pizzocri, D.; Rabiti, C.; Luzzi, L.

2016-09-01

This paper describes the development of a new numerical algorithm (called PolyPole-1) to efficiently solve the equation for intra-granular fission gas release in nuclear fuel. The work was carried out in collaboration with Politecnico di Milano and Institute for Transuranium Elements. The PolyPole-1 algorithms is being implemented in INL's fuels code BISON code as part of BISON's fission gas release model. The transport of fission gas from within the fuel grains to the grain boundaries (intra-granular fission gas release) is a fundamental controlling mechanism of fission gas release and gaseous swelling in nuclear fuel. Hence, accurate numerical solution of themore » corresponding mathematical problem needs to be included in fission gas behaviour models used in fuel performance codes. Under the assumption of equilibrium between trapping and resolution, the process can be described mathematically by a single diffusion equation for the gas atom concentration in a grain. In this work, we propose a new numerical algorithm (PolyPole-1) to efficiently solve the fission gas diffusion equation in time-varying conditions. The PolyPole-1 algorithm is based on the analytic modal solution of the diffusion equation for constant conditions, with the addition of polynomial corrective terms that embody the information on the deviation from constant conditions. The new algorithm is verified by comparing the results to a finite difference solution over a large number of randomly generated operation histories. Furthermore, comparison to state-of-the-art algorithms used in fuel performance codes demonstrates that the accuracy of the PolyPole-1 solution is superior to other algorithms, with similar computational effort. Finally, the concept of PolyPole-1 may be extended to the solution of the general problem of intra-granular fission gas diffusion during non-equilibrium trapping and resolution, which will be the subject of future work.« less

Effects of upper-body sprint-interval training on strength and endurance capacities in female cross-country skiers

PubMed Central

Vandbakk, Kristine; Welde, Boye; Kruken, Andrea Hovstein; Baumgart, Julia; Ettema, Gertjan; Karlsen, Trine; Sandbakk, Øyvind

2017-01-01

This study compared the effects of adding upper-body sprint-intervals or continuous double poling endurance training to the normal training on maximal upper-body strength and endurance capacity in female cross-country skiers. In total, 17 female skiers (age: 18.1±0.8yr, body mass: 60±7 kg, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max): 3.30±0.37 L.min-1) performed an 8-week training intervention. Here, either two weekly sessions of six to eight 30-s maximal upper-body double poling sprint-intervals (SIG, n = 8) or 45–75 min of continuous low-to-moderate intensity double poling on roller skis (CG, n = 9) were added to their training. Before and after the intervention, the participants were tested for physiological and kinematical responses during submaximal and maximal diagonal and double poling treadmill roller skiing. Additionally, we measured maximal upper-body strength (1RM) and average power at 40% 1RM in a poling-specific strength exercise. SIG improved absolute VO2max in diagonal skiing more than CG (8% vs 2%, p<0.05), and showed a tendency towards higher body-mass normalized VO2max (7% vs 2%, p = 0.07). Both groups had an overall improvement in double poling peak oxygen uptake (10% vs 6% for SIG and CG) (both p<0.01), but no group-difference was observed. SIG improved 1RM strength more than CG (18% vs 10%, p<0.05), while there was a tendency for difference in average power at 40% 1RM (20% vs 14%, p = 0.06). Oxygen cost and kinematics (cycle length and rate) in double poling and diagonal remained unchanged in both groups. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that adding upper-body sprint-interval training is more effective than continuous endurance training in improving upper-body maximal strength and VO2max. PMID:28241030

Is the gravity effect of radiographic anatomic features enough to justify stone clearance or fragments retention following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL).

PubMed

Mustafa, Mahmoud

2012-08-01

We determined whether the gravity effect of radiographic anatomic features on the preoperative urography (IVP) are enough to predict fragments clearance after shock wave lithotripsy (SWL). A Total of 282 patients with mean age 45.8 ± 13.2 years (189 male, 93 female), who underwent SWL due to renal calculi between October 2005 and August 2009 were enrolled. The mean calculi load was 155.72 ± 127.66 mm². The patients were stratified into three groups: patients with pelvis calculi (group 1); patients with upper or middle pole calculi (group 2) and patients with lower pole calculi (group 3). Three angles on the pretreatment IVP were measured: the inner angle between the axis of the lower pole infundibular and ureteropelvic axis (angle I); the inner angle between the lower pole infundibular axis and main axis of pelvis-ureteropelvic (UP) junction point (angle II) and the inner angle between the lower pole infundibular axis and perpendicular line (angle III). Multivariate analysis was used to define the significant predictors of stone clearance. The overall success rate was 85.81%. All angles, sessions number, shock waves number and stone burden were significant predictors of success in patients in group 1. However, in group 2 only angle II and in group 3 angles I and II had significant effect on stone clearance. Radiographic anatomic features have significant role in determining the stone-free rate following satisfactory fragmentation of renal stones with SWL. The measurement of infundibulopelvic angle in different manner helps to predict the stone-free status in patients with renal calculi located not only in lower pole, but also in renal pelvis and upper or middle pole. Gravity effect is not enough to justify the significant influence of the radiographic anatomic features on the stone clearance and fragments retention after SWL.

Enhanced migration of polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and furans in the presence of pentachlorophenol-treated oil in soil around utility poles: screening model validation.

PubMed

Bulle, Cécile; Samson, Réjean; Deschênes, Louise

2010-03-01

Field samples were collected around six pentachlorophenol (PCP)-treated wooden poles (in clay, organic soil, and sand) to evaluate the vertical migration of polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs). Soils were characterized, PCDD/Fs, C(10)-C(50), and PCP were analyzed for seven composite samples located at a depth from 0 to 100 cm and at a distance from 0 to 50 cm from each pole. Concentrations of PCDD/Fs measured in organic soils were the highest (maximum 1.2E + 05 pg toxic equivalent TEQ/g soil), followed by clay (maximum 3.8E + 04 pg TEQ/g soil) and sand (maximum 1.8E + 04 pg TEQ/g soil). Model predictions, including the influence of wood treatment oil, were validated using measured concentration values in soils around poles. The model predicts a migration of PCDD/Fs due to the migration of oil, which differs depending on the type of soil: in clay, 90% of PCDD/Fs are predicted to remain in the first 29 cm, whereas in sand, 80 to 90% of the emitted PCDD/Fs are predicted to migrate deeper than 185 cm. For the organic soil, the predicted migration depth varies from 90 to 155 cm. This screening model allows evaluating the danger of microcontaminated sites around PCP-treated wooden poles: from a risk assessment perspective, in the case of organic soil and clay, no PCDD/F contamination is to be expected below the pole, but high levels of PCDD/Fs can be found in the first 2 m below the surface. For sand, however, significantly lower levels of PCDD/Fs were predicted in the surface soil, while the migration depth remains elevated, posing an inherent danger of aquifer contamination under the pole.

Third Pole Environment (TPE): a new frontier for interdisciplinary research

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Z.; Yao, T.; Thompson, L. G.; Mosbrugger, V.; Zhang, F.; Ma, Y.; Yang, X.; Wang, W.; Joswiak, D.; Liu, X.; Devkota, L. P.; Tayal, S.; Luo, T.

2013-12-01

The Tibetan Plateau and surrounding mountain ranges, referred to by scientists as the Third Pole (TP), represent one of the largest ice masses of the Earth. The region is one of the most sensitive areas responding to global climate change due to its high altitude and the presence of permafrost and glaciers. The near 100,000 km2 of glaciers ensure the permanent flow of major rivers in this region and provide water to 1.4 billion people in Asia. Thus, environmental changes taking place on the TP significantly influences social and economic development of countries in this region such as China, India, Nepal, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bhutan. With an average elevation higher than 4,000 metres above sea level, the Third Pole is characterized by complex interactions of atmospheric, cryospheric, hydrological, geological and environmental processes that bear special significance for the Earth's biodiversity, climate and water cycles. For a comprehensive understanding of the environment of the TP and its implications on the development of the region, we need to integrate different disciplines under a them of 'water-ice-air-ecosystem -human' interactions and reveal environmental change processes and mechanisms on the TP and their influences on and regional responses to global changes, and thus to serve for enhancement of human adaptation to the changing environment. Like Antarctica and the Arctic, the Third Pole region is drawing increased attention of the international academic community. A series of observations and monitoring programs in the Third Pole region has been widely implemented. However, data necessary to precisely assess the environmental, societal and economic changes caused by alterations in the Third Pole dynamics are either lacking or insufficient. The Third Pole Environment (TPE) program is thus established as a comprehensive and coordinated international research, monitoring and capacity building initiative, with goals to address the influence of environmental changes on humanity and to provide mitigation and adaptation strategies.

Asteroid (16) Psyche: Triaxial Ellipsoid Dimensions and Rotational Pole from Keck II NIRC2 AO Images and Keck I OSIRIS Images

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Drummond, Jack D.; Conrad, Al; Reddy, Vishnu; de Kleer, Katherine R.; Adamkovics, Mate; de Pater, Imke; Merline, William J.; Tamblyn, Peter

2016-10-01

Adaptive optics (AO) images of asteroid (16) Psyche obtained at 4 epochs with the NIRC2 camera at the 10m W. M. Keck Observatory (Keck II) on UT 2015 December 25 lead to triaxial ellipsoid diameters of 279±4 x 230±2 x 195±14 km, and a rotational pole at RA=29° and Dec=-2°. Adding 6 more epochs obtained nearly simultaneously with the OSIRIS system at Keck I, as well as two more epochs from Keck II in 2009, yields diameters of 273±2 x 232±2 x 165±3 km, and a pole at RA=37° and Dec=+1°. (Errors are formal fit parameter uncertainties; an additional 4% uncertainty is possible from systematic biases.) The differing perspectives between 2015 (sub-Earth latitude Θ=-50°) and 2009 (Θ=-6°) improves primarily the c dimension and the location of the rotational pole, but illustrates how well images from even a single night can determine the size, shape, and pole of an asteroid. The 2015 observations were obtained as part of a campaign to study Psyche with many techniques over a few months, including radar from Arecibo and images from Magellan.These handful of images show the same rugged outline as the radius vector model available on the DAMIT website, constructed from many lightcurves and scaled by previous Keck AO images. In fact Psyche has rotated some 125,350 times between the first lightcurve in 1955 and our 2015 AO images, exactly 60 years apart to the day. Since the asteroid has such a high obliquity, these lightcurves have scanned well into both northern and southern hemispheres. The difference between the pole derived from our images and the radius vector model pole is only 7°, and the mean diameters of Psyche are 219 and 211 km, respectively.

Is flexible ureterorenoscopy and laser lithotripsy the new gold standard for lower pole renal stones when compared to shock wave lithotripsy: Comparative outcomes from a University hospital over similar time period

PubMed Central

Burr, Jacob; Ishii, Hiro; Simmonds, Nick

2015-01-01

Introduction Renal lower pole stones pose difficulty in management due to anatomical variation, stone size, hardness and patient demographics. Flexible ureterorenoscopy and laser lithotripsy (FURSL) and shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) are preferred for stones 1-2 cm in size. We wanted to compare the outcomes of FURSL and SWL for lower pole stones during the same time period. Material and methods All patients who were treated for lower pole stones with FURSL and SWL during a 19-month period were included. The stone free rate (SFR) was defined as ≤3 mm fragments on follow-up imaging or stone free endoscopically. Data was recorded in an excel spreadsheet with SPSS version 21 used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 161 lower pole procedures were done (93 SWL and 63 FURSL). The mean stone size for SWL (7.4 mm; range: 4-16 mm) was significantly smaller than for FURSL (13.4 mm; 4-53 mm). The mean operating time and hospital stay for FURSL was 65 minutes (range: 30-160 minutes) and 0.5 days (range: 0-7 days) respectively. The SFR was significantly better (p <0.001) for FURSL (n = 63, 93%) compared to SWL (n = 23, 25%). There were 4 (6%) complications (3 Clavien II and 1 Clavien I) in the FURSL group (2 urosepsis, 1 UTI and 1 stent pain). Three patients in the SWL group (Clavien I) were readmitted with renal colic but there were no other complications. Conclusions FURSL for lower pole stones seems to be a much better alternative than SWL with a high SFR even for larger stones and seems to be the new gold standard for lower pole stone management. PMID:26251738

An attempt to estimate the minimal number of Poles infected and treated for malaria in Poland and abroad.

PubMed

Kuna, Anna; Szostakowska, Beata; Nahorski, Wacław L; Stępień, Małgorzata; Kowalczyk, Danuta; Stańczak, Joanna; Myjak, Przemysław

2015-01-01

Malaria is one of the three most dangerous infectious diseases in the world. According to official statistics, there are a few dozen cases in Poland annually while the number of Poles treated abroad or self-treating remains unknown. Poland has been declared to be malaria-free since 1963 and nowadays all cases are imported. The aim of the study is to determine the minimal number of malaria cases in Poles at home and abroad in the last decade. The medical records of 4,710 patients tested for malaria in the Department of Tropical Parasitology in the years 2003-2012 were analysed. Two spreadsheets were created, which only included people with a history of malaria diagnosed in the reference centre where indirect immunofluorescent-antibody assay (IFA) for Plasmodium falciparum antigen proved positive. The minimum number of Poles who have had malaria at home and abroad was calculated on the basis of positive IFA results; the rate of all treated malaria patients in Poland in relation to those treated in the reference centre and the actual number of Poles with malaria diagnosed at home was calculated. A group of 376 people with positive serologic tests results in indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay with titre ≥ 1:20 were received, including 227 patients with positive serologic results with titre ≥ 1:80. The rate of the overall number of malaria cases in Poland compared to the number of malaria cases in the University Centre for Maritime and Tropical Medicine Hospital was determined as 3.47:1. It was demonstrated that every year at least 174 to 211 Poles staying abroad may suffer from malaria. This is the first attempt to estimate the minimal number of Poles infected and treated for malaria in Poland and abroad. The estimated number is 8-10 times greater than the number of registered cases in Poland.

Nordic walking versus walking without poles for rehabilitation with cardiovascular disease: Randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Girold, Sébastien; Rousseau, Jérome; Le Gal, Magalie; Coudeyre, Emmanuel; Le Henaff, Jacqueline

2017-07-01

With Nordic walking, or walking with poles, one can travel a greater distance and at a higher rate than with walking without poles, but whether the activity is beneficial for patients with cardiovascular disease is unknown. This randomized controlled trial was undertaken to determine whether Nordic walking was more effective than walking without poles on walk distance to support rehabilitation training for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). Patients were recruited in a private specialized rehabilitation centre for cardiovascular diseases. The entire protocol, including patient recruitment, took place over 2 months, from September to October 2013. We divided patients into 2 groups: Nordic Walking Group (NWG, n=21) and Walking Group without poles (WG, n=21). All patients followed the same program over 4 weeks, except for the walk performed with or without poles. The main outcome was walk distance on the 6-min walk test. Secondary outcomes were maximum heart rate during exercise and walk distance and power output on a treadmill stress test. We included 42 patients (35 men; mean age 57.2±11 years and BMI 26.5±4.5kg/m 2 ). At the end of the training period, both groups showed improved walk distance on the 6-min walk test and treatment stress test as well as power on the treadmill stress test (P<0.05). The NWG showed significantly greater walk distance than the WG (P<0.05). Both ACS and PAOD groups showed improvement, but improvement was significant for only PAOD patients. After a 4-week training period, Nordic walking training appeared more efficient than training without poles for increasing walk distance on the 6-min walk test for patients with ACS and PAOD. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.

Dissecting the role of conformational change and membrane binding by the bacterial cell division regulator MinE in the stimulation of MinD ATPase activity.

PubMed

Ayed, Saud H; Cloutier, Adam D; McLeod, Laura J; Foo, Alexander C Y; Damry, Adam M; Goto, Natalie K

2017-12-15

The bacterial cell division regulators MinD and MinE together with the division inhibitor MinC localize to the membrane in concentrated zones undergoing coordinated pole-to-pole oscillation to help ensure that the cytokinetic division septum forms only at the mid-cell position. This dynamic localization is driven by MinD-catalyzed ATP hydrolysis, stimulated by interactions with MinE's anti-MinCD domain. This domain is buried in the 6-β-stranded MinE "closed" structure, but is liberated for interactions with MinD, giving rise to a 4-β-stranded "open" structure through an unknown mechanism. Here we show that MinE-membrane interactions induce a structural change into a state resembling the open conformation. However, MinE mutants lacking the MinE membrane-targeting sequence stimulated higher ATP hydrolysis rates than the full-length protein, indicating that binding to MinD is sufficient to trigger this conformational transition in MinE. In contrast, conformational change between the open and closed states did not affect stimulation of ATP hydrolysis rates in the absence of membrane binding, although the MinD-binding residue Ile-25 is critical for this conformational transition. We therefore propose an updated model where MinE is brought to the membrane through interactions with MinD. After stimulation of ATP hydrolysis, MinE remains bound to the membrane in a state that does not catalyze additional rounds of ATP hydrolysis. Although the molecular basis for this inhibited state is unknown, previous observations of higher-order MinE self-association may explain this inhibition. Overall, our findings have general implications for Min protein oscillation cycles, including those that regulate cell division in bacterial pathogens. © 2017 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Effects of Environmental Enrichment on Doublecortin and BDNF Expression along the Dorso-Ventral Axis of the Dentate Gyrus.

PubMed

Gualtieri, Fabio; Brégère, Catherine; Laws, Grace C; Armstrong, Elena A; Wylie, Nicholas J; Moxham, Theo T; Guzman, Raphael; Boswell, Timothy; Smulders, Tom V

2017-01-01

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) in the dentate gyrus is known to respond to environmental enrichment, chronic stress, and many other factors. The function of AHN may vary across the septo-temporal axis of the hippocampus, as different subdivisions are responsible for different functions. The dorsal pole regulates cognitive-related behaviors, while the ventral pole mediates mood-related responses through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. In this study, we investigate different methods of quantifying the effect of environmental enrichment on AHN in the dorsal and ventral parts of the dentate gyrus (dDG and vDG). To this purpose, 11-week-old female CD-1 mice were assigned for 8 days to one of two conditions: the Environmental Enrichment (E) group received (i) running wheels, (ii) larger cages, (iii) plastic tunnels, and (iv) bedding with male urine, while the Control (C) group received standard housing. Dorsal CA ( Cornu Ammonis ) and DG regions were larger in the E than the C animals. Distance run linearly predicted the volume of the dorsal hippocampus, as well as of the intermediate and ventral CA regions. In the dDG, the amount of Doublecortin (DCX) immunoreactivity was significantly higher in E than in C mice. Surprisingly, this pattern was the opposite in the vDG (C > E). Real-time PCR measurement of Dcx mRNA and DCX protein analysis using ELISA showed the same pattern. Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) immunoreactivity and mRNA displayed no difference between E and C, suggesting that upregulation of DCX was not caused by changes in BDNF levels. BDNF levels were higher in vDG than in dDG, as measured by both methods. Bdnf expression in vDG correlated positively with the distance run by individual E mice. The similarity in the patterns of immunoreactivity, mRNA and protein for differential DCX expression and for BDNF distribution suggests that the latter two methods might be effective tools for more rapid quantification of AHN.

Fatigue performance of brass breakaway light pole couplings.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-04-01

Breakaway couplings connect light pole bases to foundation anchor bolts and are intended to fracture on impact after vehicle collision to : protect drivers and passengers from severe injury. The coupling consists of an internally threaded hollow hexa...

Moon - North Pole Mosaic

NASA Image and Video Library

1996-02-05

This view of the Moon north pole is a mosaic assembled from 18 images taken by NASA's Galileo imaging system through a green filter as the spacecraft flew by on December 7, 1992. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00130

WARRANT OFFICER AND CIVILIAN HOUSING, QUARTERS L FRONT ELEVATION W/POLE. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

WARRANT OFFICER AND CIVILIAN HOUSING, QUARTERS L FRONT ELEVATION W/POLE. - Naval Magazine Lualualei, Headquarters Branch, Warrant Officer's & Civilians Quarters Type, Along Sixty-sixth Street between Amberjack & Constitution Streets, Pearl City, Honolulu County, HI

First observation of the Λ(1405) line shape in electroproduction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lu, H. Y.; Schumacher, R. A.; Adhikari, K. P.; Adikaram, D.; Aghasyan, M.; Amaryan, M. J.; Pereira, S. Anefalos; Ball, J.; Battaglieri, M.; Batourine, V.; Bedlinskiy, I.; Biselli, A. S.; Boiarinov, S.; Briscoe, W. J.; Brooks, W. K.; Burkert, V. D.; Carman, D. S.; Celentano, A.; Chandavar, S.; Cole, P. L.; Collins, P.; Contalbrigo, M.; Cortes, O.; Crede, V.; D'Angelo, A.; Dashyan, N.; De Vita, R.; De Sanctis, E.; Deur, A.; Djalali, C.; Doughty, D.; Dupre, R.; Egiyan, H.; Alaoui, A. El; Fassi, L. El; Eugenio, P.; Fedotov, G.; Fegan, S.; Fleming, J. A.; Gabrielyan, M.; Gevorgyan, N.; Gilfoyle, G. P.; Giovanetti, K. L.; Girod, F. X.; Goetz, J. T.; Gohn, W.; Golovatch, E.; Gothe, R. W.; Griffioen, K. A.; Guidal, M.; Guo, L.; Hafidi, K.; Hakobyan, H.; Harrison, N.; Heddle, D.; Hicks, K.; Ho, D.; Holtrop, M.; Hyde, C. E.; Ilieva, Y.; Ireland, D. G.; Ishkhanov, B. S.; Isupov, E. L.; Jo, H. S.; Joo, K.; Keller, D.; Khandaker, M.; Kim, W.; Klein, A.; Klein, F. J.; Koirala, S.; Kubarovsky, A.; Kubarovsky, V.; Kuleshov, S. V.; Lewis, S.; Livingston, K.; MacGregor, I. J. D.; Martinez, D.; Mayer, M.; McKinnon, B.; Meyer, C. A.; Mineeva, T.; Mirazita, M.; Mokeev, V.; Montgomery, R. A.; Moriya, K.; Moutarde, H.; Munevar, E.; Camacho, C. Munoz; Nadel-Turonski, P.; Nepali, C. S.; Niccolai, S.; Niculescu, G.; Niculescu, I.; Osipenko, M.; Ostrovidov, A. I.; Pappalardo, L. L.; Paremuzyan, R.; Park, K.; Park, S.; Pasyuk, E.; Peng, P.; Phelps, E.; Phillips, J. J.; Pisano, S.; Pogorelko, O.; Pozdniakov, S.; Price, J. W.; Procureur, S.; Prok, Y.; Protopopescu, D.; Puckett, A. J. R.; Raue, B. A.; Rimal, D.; Ripani, M.; Rosner, G.; Rossi, P.; Sabatié, F.; Saini, M. S.; Salgado, C.; Schott, D.; Seder, E.; Seraydaryan, H.; Sharabian, Y. G.; Smith, G. D.; Sober, D. I.; Sokhan, D.; Stepanyan, S. S.; Stoler, P.; Strauch, S.; Taiuti, M.; Tang, W.; Tian, Ye; Tkachenko, S.; Torayev, B.; Vernarsky, B.; Voskanyan, H.; Voutier, E.; Walford, N. K.; Weygand, D. P.; Wood, M. H.; Zachariou, N.; Zana, L.; Zhang, J.; Zhao, Z. W.

2013-10-01

We report the first observation of the line shape of the Λ(1405) from electroproduction, and show that it is not a simple Breit-Wigner resonance. Electroproduction of K+Λ(1405) off the proton was studied by using data from CLAS at Jefferson Lab in the range 1.0

Effect of pole number and slot number on performance of dual rotor permanent magnet wind power generator using ferrite magnets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Peifeng; Shi, Kai; Sun, Yuxin; Zhua, Huangqiu

2017-05-01

Dual rotor permanent magnet (DRPM) wind power generator using ferrite magnets has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, and high torque density. How to further improve the performance and reduce the cost of the machine by proper choice of pole number and slot number is an important problem to be solved when performing preliminarily design a DRPM wind generator. This paper presents a comprehensive performance comparison of a DRPM wind generator using ferrite magnets with different slot and pole number combinations. The main winding factors are calculated by means of the star of slots. Under the same machine volume and ferrite consumption, the flux linkage, back-electromotive force (EMF), cogging torque, output torque, torque pulsation, and losses are investigated and compared using finite element analysis (FEA). The results show that the slot and pole number combinations have an important impact on the generator properties.