Sample records for cfm flow rate
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78 FR 1934 - Petition for Waiver of Compliance
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-01-09
... brake pipe air flow from the present rule of 60 cubic feet per minute (CFM) to 90 CFM for distributed... higher air flow of 90 CFM on distributed power trains for the past 2 years. Recently, BNSF conducted demonstration testing in Great Falls, MT, for air flows between 60 and 90 CFM; a summary of which has been...
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Significant Improvements in Pyranometer Nighttime Offsets Using High-Flow DC Ventilation
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Michalsky, Joseph J.; Kutchenreiter, Mark; Long, Charles N.
Ventilators are used to keep the domes of pyranometers clean and dry, but they affect the nighttime offset as well. This paper examines different ventilation strategies. For the several commercial single-black-detector pyranometers with ventilators examined here, high flow rate (50 CFM and higher), 12 VDC fans lower the offsets, lower the scatter, and improve the predictability of the offsets during the night compared with lower flow rate 35 CFM, 120 VAC fans operated in the same ventilator housings. Black-and-white pyranometers sometimes show improvement with DC ventilation, but in some cases DC ventilation makes the offsets slightly worse. Since the offsetsmore » for these black-and-white pyranometers are always small, usually no more than 1 Wm -2, whether AC or DC ventilated, changing their ventilation to higher CFM DC ventilation is not imperative. Future work should include all major manufacturers of pyranometers and unventilated, as well as, ventilated pyranometers. Lastly, an important outcome of future research will be to clarify under what circumstances nighttime data can be used to predict daytime offsets.« less
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Significant Improvements in Pyranometer Nighttime Offsets Using High-Flow DC Ventilation
Michalsky, Joseph J.; Kutchenreiter, Mark; Long, Charles N.
2017-06-20
Ventilators are used to keep the domes of pyranometers clean and dry, but they affect the nighttime offset as well. This paper examines different ventilation strategies. For the several commercial single-black-detector pyranometers with ventilators examined here, high flow rate (50 CFM and higher), 12 VDC fans lower the offsets, lower the scatter, and improve the predictability of the offsets during the night compared with lower flow rate 35 CFM, 120 VAC fans operated in the same ventilator housings. Black-and-white pyranometers sometimes show improvement with DC ventilation, but in some cases DC ventilation makes the offsets slightly worse. Since the offsetsmore » for these black-and-white pyranometers are always small, usually no more than 1 Wm -2, whether AC or DC ventilated, changing their ventilation to higher CFM DC ventilation is not imperative. Future work should include all major manufacturers of pyranometers and unventilated, as well as, ventilated pyranometers. Lastly, an important outcome of future research will be to clarify under what circumstances nighttime data can be used to predict daytime offsets.« less
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Significant Improvements in Pyranometer Nighttime Offsets Using High-Flow DC Ventilation
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Kutchenreiter, Mark; Michalski, J.J.; Long, C.N.
2017-05-22
Accurate solar radiation measurements using pyranometers are required to understand radiative impacts on the Earth's energy budget, solar energy production, and to validate radiative transfer models. Ventilators of pyranometers, which are used to keep the domes clean and dry, also affect instrument thermal offset accuracy. This poster presents a high-level overview of the ventilators for single-black-detector pyranometers and black-and-white pyranometers. For single-black-detector pyranometers with ventilators, high-flow-rate (50-CFM and higher), 12-V DC fans lower the offsets, lower the scatter, and improve the predictability of nighttime offsets compared to lower-flow-rate (35-CFM), 120-V AC fans operated in the same type of environmental setup.more » Black-and-white pyranometers, which are used to measure diffuse horizontal irradiance, sometimes show minor improvement with DC fan ventilation, but their offsets are always small, usually no more than 1 W/m2, whether AC- or DC-ventilated.« less
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Griessenauer, Christoph J.; Chang, Su-Youne; Tye, Susannah J.; Kimble, Christopher J.; Bennet, Kevin E.; Garris, Paul A.; Lee, Kendall H.
2010-01-01
Object We previously reported the development of a Wireless Instantaneous Neurotransmitter Concentration System (WINCS) for measuring dopamine and suggested that this technology may be useful for evaluating deep brain stimulation (DBS)-related neuromodulatory effects on neurotransmitter systems. WINCS supports fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) at a carbon-fiber microelectrode (CFM) for real-time, spatially resolved neurotransmitter measurements. The FSCV parameters used to establish WINCS dopamine measurements are not suitable for serotonin, a neurotransmitter implicated in depression, because they lead to CFM fouling and a loss of sensitivity. Here, we incorporate into WINCS a previously described N-shaped waveform applied at a high scan rate to establish wireless serotonin monitoring. Methods FSCV optimized for the detection of serotonin consisted of an N-shaped waveform scanned linearly from a resting potential of, in V, +0.2 to +1.0, then to −0.1 and back to +0.2 at a rate of 1000 V/s. Proof of principle tests included flow injection analysis and electrically evoked serotonin release in the dorsal raphe nucleus of rat brain slices. Results Flow cell injection analysis demonstrated that the N waveform applied at a scan rate of 1000 V/s significantly reduced serotonin fouling of the CFM, relative to that observed with FSCV parameters for dopamine. In brain slices, WINCS reliably detected sub-second serotonin release in the dorsal raphe nucleus evoked by local high-frequency stimulation. Conclusion WINCS supported high-fidelity wireless serotonin monitoring by FSCV at a CFM. In the future such measurements of serotonin in large animal models and in humans may help to establish the mechanism of DBS for psychiatric disease. PMID:20415521
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Dampers for Natural Draft Heaters: Technical Report
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Lutz, James D.; Biermayer, Peter; King, Derek
2008-10-27
Energy required for water heating accounts for approximately 40percent of national residential natural gas consumption in California. With water heating contributing such a substantial portion of natural gas consumption, it is important to pay attention to water heater efficiencies. This paper reports on an investigation of a patented, buoyancy-operated flue damper. It is an add-on design to a standard atmospherically vented natural-draft gas-fired storage water heater. The flue damper was expected to reduce off-cycle standby losses, which would lead to improvements in the efficiency of the water heater. The test results showed that the Energy Factor of the baseline watermore » heater was 0.576. The recovery efficiency was 0.768. The standby heat loss coefficient was 10.619 (BTU/hr-oF). After the damper was installed, the test results show an Energy Factor for the baseline water heater of 0.605. The recovery efficiency was 0.786. The standby heat loss coefficient was 9.135 (BTU/hr-oF). The recovery efficiency increased 2.3percent and the standby heat loss coefficient decreased 14percent. When the burner was on, the baseline water heater caused 28.0 CFM of air to flow from the room. During standby, the flow was 12.4 CFM. The addition of the damper reduced the flow when the burner was on to 23.5 CFM. During standby, flow with the damper was reduced to 11.1 CFM. The flue damper reduced off-cycle standby losses, and improved the efficiency of the water heater. The flue damper also improved the recovery efficiency of the water heater by restricting on-cycle air flows through the flue.With or without the flue damper, off-cycle air flow upthe stack is nearly half the air flow rate as when the burner is firing.« less
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40 CFR 63.425 - Test methods and procedures.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-07-01
... location for each leak. (g) Nitrogen pressure decay field test. For those cargo tanks with manifolded... adding commercial grade nitrogen gas from a high pressure cylinder capable of maintaining a pressure of 2... and a flow control metering valve. The flow rate of the nitrogen shall be no less than 2 cfm. The...
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40 CFR 63.425 - Test methods and procedures.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-07-01
... location for each leak. (g) Nitrogen pressure decay field test. For those cargo tanks with manifolded... adding commercial grade nitrogen gas from a high pressure cylinder capable of maintaining a pressure of 2... and a flow control metering valve. The flow rate of the nitrogen shall be no less than 2 cfm. The...
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40 CFR 63.425 - Test methods and procedures.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-07-01
... location for each leak. (g) Nitrogen pressure decay field test. For those cargo tanks with manifolded... adding commercial grade nitrogen gas from a high pressure cylinder capable of maintaining a pressure of 2... and a flow control metering valve. The flow rate of the nitrogen shall be no less than 2 cfm. The...
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40 CFR 63.425 - Test methods and procedures.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... location for each leak. (g) Nitrogen pressure decay field test. For those cargo tanks with manifolded... adding commercial grade nitrogen gas from a high pressure cylinder capable of maintaining a pressure of 2... and a flow control metering valve. The flow rate of the nitrogen shall be no less than 2 cfm. The...
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40 CFR 63.425 - Test methods and procedures.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-07-01
... location for each leak. (g) Nitrogen pressure decay field test. For those cargo tanks with manifolded... adding commercial grade nitrogen gas from a high pressure cylinder capable of maintaining a pressure of 2... and a flow control metering valve. The flow rate of the nitrogen shall be no less than 2 cfm. The...
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Calibration and field application of a Sierra Model 235 cascade impactor.
Knuth, R H
1984-06-01
A Sierra Model 235 slotted impactor was used to measure the particle size distribution of ore dust in uranium concentrating mills. The impactor was calibrated at a flow rate of 0.21 m3/min, using solid monodisperse particles of methylene blue and an impaction surface of Whatman #41 filter paper soaked in mineral oil. The reduction from the impactor's design flow rate of 1.13 m3/min (40 cfm) to 0.21 m3/min (7.5 cfm), a necessary adjustment because of the anticipated large particles sizes of ore dust, increased the stage cut-off diameters by an average factor of 2.3. Evaluation of field test results revealed that the underestimation of mass median diameters, often caused by the rebound and reentrainment of solid particles from dry impaction surfaces, was virtually eliminated by using the oiled Whatman #41 impaction surface.
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Vented Tank Resupply Experiment--Flight Test Results
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Chato, David J.; Martin, Timothy A.
1997-01-01
This paper reports the results of the Vented Tank Resupply Experiment (VTRE) which was flown as a payload on STS 77. VTRE looks at the ability of vane Propellant Management Devices (PMD) to separate liquid and gas in low gravity. VTRE used two clear 0.8 cubic foot tanks one spherical and one with a short barrel section and transferred Refrigerant 113 between them as well as venting it to space. Tests included retention of liquid during transfer, liquid free venting, and recovery of liquid into the PMD after thruster firing. Liquid was retained successfully at the highest flow rate tested (2.73 gpm). Liquid free vents were achieved for both tanks, although at a higher flow rate (0.1591 cfm) for the spherical tank than the other (0.0400 cfm). Recovery from a thruster firing which moved the liquid to the opposite end of the tank from the PMD was achieved in 30 seconds.
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Study Improving Performance of Centrifugal Compressor In Paiton Coal Fired Power Plant Unit 1 And 2
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Kusuma, Yuriadi; Permana, Dadang S.
2018-03-01
The compressed air system becomes part of a very important utility system in a Plant, including the Steam Power Plant. In PLN’S coal fired power plant, Paiton units 1 and 2, there are four Centrifugal air compressor types, which produce compressed air as much as 5.652 cfm and with electric power capacity of 1200 kW. Electricity consumption to operate centrifugal compressor is 7.104.117 kWh per year. This study aims to measure the performance of Centrifugal Compressors operating in Paiton’s coal fired power plant units 1 and 2. Performance Compressor is expressed by Specific Power Consumption (SPC) in kW/100 cfm. For this purpose, we measure the compressed air flow rate generated by each compressor and the power consumed by each compressor. The result is as follows Air Compressor SAC 2B : 15.1 kW/100 cfm, Air Compressor SAC 1B : 15.31 kW/100 cfm,Air Compressor SAC 1A : 16.3 kW/100 cfm and air Compressor SAC 2C : 18.19 kW/100 cfm. From the measurement result, air compressor SAC 2B has the best performance that is 15.1 kW / 100 cfm. In this study we analyze efforts to improve the performance of other compressors to at least match the performance of the SAC 2B air compressor. By increasing the Specific Power Consumption from others Compressor, it will get energy saving up to 284,165 kWh per year.
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Heitbrink, William; Bennett, James
2006-07-01
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health researchers investigated control measures for the removal of mortar between bricks, using a grinder. This task, "tuck pointing," is associated with crystalline silica exposures many times greater than the permissible exposure limit enforced by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Previous studies showed that local exhaust ventilation (LEV) of the grinding wheel through a shroud was often ineffective. Tuck pointing occurs on a scaffold. For practical purposes, this limits the size and power of the LEV system. Thus, the goal of this study was to develop a recommended flow rate for exposure control. Flow induced by the rotating grinding wheel, flow induced by the mortar particle stream, and particle momentum are potential control challenges. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation of the grinder, supported by some experimental measurements, showed the relative importance of these factors through varying parameters and tracking particles. In a simulation of the shroud and grinding wheel, with the wheel inserted to a cutting depth of 0.750 inch flush into the brick wall, -0.461 cubic feet per meter (0.461 into the exhaust takeoff) was induced by the rotating wheel. The more realistic situation of the wheel in a cut in the wall 1.25 inches deep (forming a trench circumferentially 0.500 inch below the wheel edge) induced an airflow of 8.24 cfm out of the shroud exhaust. Experimental measurements taken for validation were 7.3% lower than the CFD value. The trench effect disappeared when a stream of 10-mu m particles was launched from the grinding wheel edge, as the simulations with and without the trench had nearly identical induced flow rates, 10.8 cfm and 10.9 cfm. We thus interpreted the particle stream as more important than the wheel in inducing flow. This insight was possible because of the power of CFD, compared to intuition and classical boundary layer analysis. In this situation of no forced exhaust, all particles escaped through the gap between the shroud edge and the brick wall into the worker's environment. Experiments and simulations indicated that approximately 85 cfm was required for good control of silica exposure, clearly demonstrating that the exhaust rate must accomplish much more than balancing the induced flow. The simulations showed that the exhaust must create a vacuum in the shroud sufficient to bend the particle paths into the shroud. In the simulations, stopping the particle stream through collision (effectively removing or reducing the "daylight" between the wall and shroud) greatly lessened the required flow rate. This is difficult in practice because the gaps between the shroud and the brick and between bricks create escape paths.
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40 CFR 86.153-98 - Vehicle and canister preconditioning; refueling test.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-07-01
... controlled to 50±25 grains of water vapor per pound of dry air) maintained at a nominal flow rate of 0.8 cfm... preconditioning; refueling test. (a) Vehicle and canister preconditioning. Vehicles and vapor storage canisters... at least 1200 canister bed volumes of ambient air (with humidity controlled to 50±25 grains of water...
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40 CFR 86.153-98 - Vehicle and canister preconditioning; refueling test.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-07-01
... controlled to 50±25 grains of water vapor per pound of dry air) maintained at a nominal flow rate of 0.8 cfm... preconditioning; refueling test. (a) Vehicle and canister preconditioning. Vehicles and vapor storage canisters... at least 1200 canister bed volumes of ambient air (with humidity controlled to 50±25 grains of water...
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40 CFR 86.153-98 - Vehicle and canister preconditioning; refueling test.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-07-01
... controlled to 50±25 grains of water vapor per pound of dry air) maintained at a nominal flow rate of 0.8 cfm... preconditioning; refueling test. (a) Vehicle and canister preconditioning. Vehicles and vapor storage canisters... at least 1200 canister bed volumes of ambient air (with humidity controlled to 50±25 grains of water...
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40 CFR 86.153-98 - Vehicle and canister preconditioning; refueling test.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... controlled to 50±25 grains of water vapor per pound of dry air) maintained at a nominal flow rate of 0.8 cfm... preconditioning; refueling test. (a) Vehicle and canister preconditioning. Vehicles and vapor storage canisters... at least 1200 canister bed volumes of ambient air (with humidity controlled to 50±25 grains of water...
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40 CFR 86.153-98 - Vehicle and canister preconditioning; refueling test.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-07-01
... controlled to 50±25 grains of water vapor per pound of dry air) maintained at a nominal flow rate of 0.8 cfm... preconditioning; refueling test. (a) Vehicle and canister preconditioning. Vehicles and vapor storage canisters... at least 1200 canister bed volumes of ambient air (with humidity controlled to 50±25 grains of water...
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Proceedings of the 1998 Scientific Conference on Obscuration and Aerosol Research
1999-10-01
water surroundings. Figure 2 exhibits minimal terrain effects upon the flow field as streamlines for this simple set of variable terrain for...Cyclone, where the cyclone is fitted with an upstream water spray for washing the cyclone wall. Sampling flow rate is 990 L/min and is controlled by a...990 L/min (35 cfm) and passes the air through a glass cyclone where aerosol particles with sufficient inertia are deposited. Water mist is introduced
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Force feedback effects on single molecule hopping and pulling experiments
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Rico-Pasto, M.; Pastor, I.; Ritort, F.
2018-03-01
Single-molecule experiments with optical tweezers have become an important tool to study the properties and mechanisms of biological systems, such as cells and nucleic acids. In particular, force unzipping experiments have been used to extract the thermodynamics and kinetics of folding and unfolding reactions. In hopping experiments, a molecule executes transitions between the unfolded and folded states at a preset value of the force [constant force mode (CFM) under force feedback] or trap position [passive mode (PM) without feedback] and the force-dependent kinetic rates extracted from the lifetime of each state (CFM) and the rupture force distributions (PM) using the Bell-Evans model. However, hopping experiments in the CFM are known to overestimate molecular distances and folding free energies for fast transitions compared to the response time of the feedback. In contrast, kinetic rate measurements from pulling experiments have been mostly done in the PM while the CFM is seldom implemented in pulling protocols. Here, we carry out hopping and pulling experiments in a short DNA hairpin in the PM and CFM at three different temperatures (6 °C, 25 °C, and 45 °C) exhibiting largely varying kinetic rates. As expected, we find that equilibrium hopping experiments in the CFM and PM perform well at 6 °C (where kinetics are slow), whereas the CFM overestimates molecular parameters at 45 °C (where kinetics are fast). In contrast, nonequilibrium pulling experiments perform well in both modes at all temperatures. This demonstrates that the same kind of feedback algorithm in the CFM leads to more reliable determination of the folding reaction parameters in irreversible pulling experiments.
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Force feedback effects on single molecule hopping and pulling experiments.
Rico-Pasto, M; Pastor, I; Ritort, F
2018-03-28
Single-molecule experiments with optical tweezers have become an important tool to study the properties and mechanisms of biological systems, such as cells and nucleic acids. In particular, force unzipping experiments have been used to extract the thermodynamics and kinetics of folding and unfolding reactions. In hopping experiments, a molecule executes transitions between the unfolded and folded states at a preset value of the force [constant force mode (CFM) under force feedback] or trap position [passive mode (PM) without feedback] and the force-dependent kinetic rates extracted from the lifetime of each state (CFM) and the rupture force distributions (PM) using the Bell-Evans model. However, hopping experiments in the CFM are known to overestimate molecular distances and folding free energies for fast transitions compared to the response time of the feedback. In contrast, kinetic rate measurements from pulling experiments have been mostly done in the PM while the CFM is seldom implemented in pulling protocols. Here, we carry out hopping and pulling experiments in a short DNA hairpin in the PM and CFM at three different temperatures (6 °C, 25 °C, and 45 °C) exhibiting largely varying kinetic rates. As expected, we find that equilibrium hopping experiments in the CFM and PM perform well at 6 °C (where kinetics are slow), whereas the CFM overestimates molecular parameters at 45 °C (where kinetics are fast). In contrast, nonequilibrium pulling experiments perform well in both modes at all temperatures. This demonstrates that the same kind of feedback algorithm in the CFM leads to more reliable determination of the folding reaction parameters in irreversible pulling experiments.
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Lacey, Ronald E; Faulkner, William Brock
2015-07-01
This work applied a propagation of uncertainty method to typical total suspended particulate (TSP) sampling apparatus in order to estimate the overall measurement uncertainty. The objectives of this study were to estimate the uncertainty for three TSP samplers, develop an uncertainty budget, and determine the sensitivity of the total uncertainty to environmental parameters. The samplers evaluated were the TAMU High Volume TSP Sampler at a nominal volumetric flow rate of 1.42 m3 min(-1) (50 CFM), the TAMU Low Volume TSP Sampler at a nominal volumetric flow rate of 17 L min(-1) (0.6 CFM) and the EPA TSP Sampler at the nominal volumetric flow rates of 1.1 and 1.7 m3 min(-1) (39 and 60 CFM). Under nominal operating conditions the overall measurement uncertainty was found to vary from 6.1x10(-6) g m(-3) to 18.0x10(-6) g m(-3), which represented an uncertainty of 1.7% to 5.2% of the measurement. Analysis of the uncertainty budget determined that three of the instrument parameters contributed significantly to the overall uncertainty: the uncertainty in the pressure drop measurement across the orifice meter during both calibration and testing and the uncertainty of the airflow standard used during calibration of the orifice meter. Five environmental parameters occurring during field measurements were considered for their effect on overall uncertainty: ambient TSP concentration, volumetric airflow rate, ambient temperature, ambient pressure, and ambient relative humidity. Of these, only ambient TSP concentration and volumetric airflow rate were found to have a strong effect on the overall uncertainty. The technique described in this paper can be applied to other measurement systems and is especially useful where there are no methods available to generate these values empirically. This work addresses measurement uncertainty of TSP samplers used in ambient conditions. Estimation of uncertainty in gravimetric measurements is of particular interest, since as ambient particulate matter (PM) concentrations approach regulatory limits, the uncertainty of the measurement is essential in determining the sample size and the probability of type II errors in hypothesis testing. This is an important factor in determining if ambient PM concentrations exceed regulatory limits. The technique described in this paper can be applied to other measurement systems and is especially useful where there are no methods available to generate these values empirically.
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Brown, James; McIntyre, Andrew; Gasparotto, Robyn; McGee, Therese M
2016-06-01
Many birth units use central fetal monitoring (CFM) under the assumption that greater surveillance improves perinatal outcomes. The unexpected loss of the CFM system at a tertiary unit provided a unique opportunity to evaluate outcomes and staff attitudes toward CFM. This retrospective cohort study compared patient data from 2,855 electronically monitored women delivering over a 12-month period, where CFM was available for the first 6 months but unavailable for the following 6 months. Primary outcomes relating to neonatal morbidity and secondary outcomes relating to intrapartum interventions were examined. Additionally, birth unit staff members were surveyed about aspects of care related to CFM. There were no significant differences in perinatal outcomes between the cohorts. While unadjusted analysis suggested a lower spontaneous vaginal birth rate (55.4% vs 60.3%) and a higher cesarean delivery rate (25.1% vs 22.0%, p = 0.026), together with higher epidural (53.0% vs 49.2%, p = 0.04) and fetal blood sampling (11.8% vs 9.4%, p = 0.03) rates in the presence of CFM, these differences were lost when adjusted for prostaglandin ripening. Over half of the staff (56.0% of midwives, 54.0% of obstetricians) reported spending more time with the laboring woman in the period without CFM. This single institution's experience indicates that in birth units staffed for one-to-one care in labor, central fetal monitoring does not appear to be associated with either a benefit on perinatal outcomes or an increase in cesarean delivery and other interventions. However, it is associated with a reduction in the time a midwife spends with the laboring woman. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Shazeeb, Mohammed Salman; Kalpathy-Cramer, Jayashree; Issa, Bashar
2017-11-24
Brain vasculature is conventionally represented as straight cylinders when simulating blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast effects in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In reality, the vasculature is more complicated with branching and coiling especially in tumors. Diffusion and susceptibility changes can also introduce variations in the relaxation mechanisms within tumors. This study introduces a simple cylinder fork model (CFM) and investigates the effects of vessel topology, diffusion, and susceptibility on the transverse relaxation rates R2* and R2. Simulations using Monte Carlo methods were performed to quantify R2* and R2 by manipulating the CFM at different orientations, bifurcation angles, and rotation angles. Other parameters of the CFM were chosen based on physiologically relevant values: vessel diameters (~2‒10 µm), diffusion rates (1 × 10 -11 ‒1 × 10 -9 m 2 /s), and susceptibility values (3 × 10 -8 -4 × 10 -7 cgs units). R2* and R2 measurements showed a significant dependence on the bifurcation and rotation angles in several scenarios using different vessel diameters, orientations, diffusion rates, and susceptibility values. The angular dependence of R2* and R2 using the CFM could potentially be exploited as a tool to differentiate between normal and tumor vessels. The CFM can also serve as the elementary building block to simulate a capillary network reflecting realistic topological features.
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High order solution of Poisson problems with piecewise constant coefficients and interface jumps
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Marques, Alexandre Noll; Nave, Jean-Christophe; Rosales, Rodolfo Ruben
2017-04-01
We present a fast and accurate algorithm to solve Poisson problems in complex geometries, using regular Cartesian grids. We consider a variety of configurations, including Poisson problems with interfaces across which the solution is discontinuous (of the type arising in multi-fluid flows). The algorithm is based on a combination of the Correction Function Method (CFM) and Boundary Integral Methods (BIM). Interface and boundary conditions can be treated in a fast and accurate manner using boundary integral equations, and the associated BIM. Unfortunately, BIM can be costly when the solution is needed everywhere in a grid, e.g. fluid flow problems. We use the CFM to circumvent this issue. The solution from the BIM is used to rewrite the problem as a series of Poisson problems in rectangular domains-which requires the BIM solution at interfaces/boundaries only. These Poisson problems involve discontinuities at interfaces, of the type that the CFM can handle. Hence we use the CFM to solve them (to high order of accuracy) with finite differences and a Fast Fourier Transform based fast Poisson solver. We present 2-D examples of the algorithm applied to Poisson problems involving complex geometries, including cases in which the solution is discontinuous. We show that the algorithm produces solutions that converge with either 3rd or 4th order of accuracy, depending on the type of boundary condition and solution discontinuity.
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Tousignant, B; Faraj, M; Conus, F; Garrel, D; Brochu, M; Rabasa-Lhoret, R; Coderre, L
2008-11-01
Central fat mass (CFM) correlates with insulin resistance and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular complications. On the other hand, increased peripheral fat mass (PFM) is associated with higher insulin sensitivity. Thus, we examined the contribution of adipose tissue distribution, as assessed by the PFM/CFM ratio, to insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese postmenopausal women. A total of 124 nondiabetic overweight and obese postmenopausal women underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a hyperinsulinemic/euglycemic (HI) clamp. Body composition was determined using computed tomography for visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and dual X-ray absorptiometry for fat mass, lean body mass and their respective proportions. Participants were divided by tertiles of the PFM/CFM ratio. Participants with preferential CFM (group 1) had higher fasting insulin levels and insulin area under the curve (AUC) during OGTT, as well as lower glucose infusion rates during the HI clamp, whether it was expressed per kg of body weight (M) or per kg of fat-free mass (Mm), compared with the other two groups. The PFM/CFM ratio also correlated significantly with fasting insulin (r=-0.32, P<0.001), the insulin AUC (r=-0.42 P<0.001), M (r=0.39 P<0.001) and Mm (r=0.37 P<0.001). Using hierarchical regression, we demonstrated that the PFM/CFM ratio was an independent predictor of insulin AUC, M and Mm and that its sequential addition to CFM and VAT improved significantly the predictive value of the model for insulin sensitivity for all variables except fasting insulin. The PFM/CFM ratio, which integrates the antagonistic effects of both central and peripheral depots on insulin sensitivity, added substantially to the prediction of insulin sensitivity over VAT and CFM alone.
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DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Steele, W.J.; Williamson, A.D.; McCain, J.D.
1988-04-01
The report describes a transportable sampling apparatus designed to sample incineration sources at municipal and hazardous-waste disposal facilities, and to provide non-contaminated samples of condensable materials. The sample gas, at a flow rate of 10 cubic feet per minute (c f/m), passes through a modified Source Assessment Sampling System (SASS) cyclone and is then diluted with clean air at 100 cf/m by a novel, perforated cone assembly. Rapid uniform dilution takes place through the vigorous mixing of the sample and clean air streams in the dilution chamber. The resultant gas, cooled to about atmospheric conditions, is passed through a mixingmore » section that provides a residence time of about 3 seconds. The resulting aerosol particles are collected on a Teflon-coated glass-fiber filter. These solids, along with those collected in the cyclone, are subsequently provided for chemical and biological assay analysis.« less
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Ebrazeh, Ali; Bozorgzadeh, Bardia; Mohseni, Pedram
2015-01-01
This paper demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing impulse radio ultra wideband (IR-UWB) signaling technique for reliable, wireless transmission of dopamine concentration levels recorded by fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) at a carbon-fiber microelectrode (CFM) to address the problem of elevated data rates in high-channel-count neurochemical monitoring. Utilizing an FSCV-sensing chip fabricated in AMS 0.35μm 2P/4M CMOS, a 3-5-GHz, IR-UWB transceiver (TRX) chip fabricated in TSMC 90nm 1P/9M RF CMOS, and two off-chip, miniature, UWB antennae, wireless transfer of pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS) data at 50Mbps over a distance of <;1m is first shown with bit-error rates (BER) <; 10(-3). Further, IR-UWB wireless transmission of dopamine concentration levels prerecorded with FSCV at a CFM during flow injection analysis (FIA) is also demonstrated with transmitter (TX) power dissipation of only ~4.4μW from 1.2V, representing two orders of magnitude reduction in TX power consumption compared to that of a conventional frequency-shift-keyed (FSK) link operating at ~433MHz.
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Effect of concentrate feeding method on the performance of dairy cows in early to mid lactation.
Purcell, P J; Law, R A; Gordon, A W; McGettrick, S A; Ferris, C P
2016-04-01
The objective of the current study was to determine the effects of concentrate feeding method on milk yield and composition, dry matter (DM) intake (DMI), body weight and body condition score, reproductive performance, energy balance, and blood metabolites of housed (i.e., accommodated indoors) dairy cows in early to mid lactation. Eighty-eight multiparous Holstein-Friesian cows were managed on 1 of 4 concentrate feeding methods (CFM; 22 cows per CFM) for the first 21 wk postpartum. Cows on all 4 CFM were offered grass silage plus maize silage (in a 70:30 ratio on a DM basis) ad libitum throughout the study. In addition, cows had a target concentrate allocation of 11 kg/cow per day (from d 13 postpartum) via 1 of 4 CFM, consisting of (1) offered on a flat-rate basis via an out-of-parlor feeding system, (2) offered based on individual cow's milk yields in early lactation via an out-of-parlor feeding system, (3) offered as part of a partial mixed ration (target intake of 5 kg/cow per day) with additional concentrate offered based on individual cow's milk yields in early lactation via an out-of-parlor feeding system, and (4) offered as part of a partial mixed ration containing a fixed quantity of concentrate for each cow in the group. In addition, all cows were offered 1 kg/cow per day of concentrate pellets via an in-parlor feeding system. We detected no effect of CFM on concentrate or total DMI, mean daily milk yield, concentrations and yields of milk fat and protein, or metabolizable energy intakes, requirements, or balances throughout the study. We also found no effects of CFM on mean or final body weight, mean or final body condition score, conception rates to first service, or any of the blood metabolites examined. The results of this study suggest that CFM has little effect on the overall performance of higher-yielding dairy cows in early to mid lactation when offered diets based on conserved forages. Copyright © 2016 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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78 FR 79295 - Airworthiness Directives; CFM International S.A. Turbofan Engines
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-12-30
... Airworthiness Directives; CFM International S.A. Turbofan Engines AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA... International (CFM) S.A. CFM56-3 and CFM56-7B series turbofan engines with certain accessory gearboxes (AGBs... of total loss of engine oil from CFM56 series turbofan engines while in flight. This AD requires an...
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Heike, Carrie L; Wallace, Erin; Speltz, Matthew L; Siebold, Babette; Werler, Martha M; Hing, Anne V; Birgfeld, Craig B; Collett, Brent R; Leroux, Brian G; Luquetti, Daniela V
2016-11-01
Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a congenital condition with wide phenotypic variability, including hypoplasia of the mandible and external ear. We assembled a cohort of children with facial features within the CFM spectrum and children without known craniofacial anomalies. We sought to develop a standardized approach to assess and describe the facial characteristics of the study cohort, using multiple sources of information gathered over the course of this longitudinal study and to create case subgroups with shared phenotypic features. Participants were enrolled between 1996 and 2002. We classified the facial phenotype from photographs, ratings using a modified version of the Orbital, Ear, Mandible, Nerve, Soft tissue (OMENS) pictorial system, data from medical record abstraction, and health history questionnaires. The participant sample included 142 cases and 290 controls. The average age was 13.5 years (standard deviation, 1.3 years; range, 11.1-17.1 years). Sixty-one percent of cases were male, 74% were white non-Hispanic. Among cases, the most common features were microtia (66%) and mandibular hypoplasia (50%). Case subgroups with meaningful group definitions included: (1) microtia without other CFM-related features (n = 24), (2) microtia with mandibular hypoplasia (n = 46), (3) other combinations of CFM- related facial features (n = 51), and (4) atypical features (n = 21). We developed a standardized approach for integrating multiple data sources to phenotype individuals with CFM, and created subgroups based on clinically-meaningful, shared characteristics. We hope that this system can be used to explore associations between phenotype and clinical outcomes of children with CFM and to identify the etiology of CFM. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:915-926, 2016.© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Bennett, James; Marlow, David; Nourian, Fariba; Breay, James; Feng, Amy; Methner, Mark
2018-03-01
Exposure control system performance was evaluated during aircraft paint spraying at a military facility. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling, tracer gas testing, and exposure monitoring examined contaminant exposure vs. crossflow ventilation velocity. CFD modeling using the RNG k-ϵ turbulence model showed exposures to simulated methyl isobutyl ketone of 294 and 83.6 ppm, as a spatial average of five worker locations, for velocities of 0.508 and 0.381 m/s (100 and 75 fpm), respectively. In tracer gas experiments, observed supply/exhaust velocities of 0.706/0.503 m/s (136/99 fpm) were termed full-flow, and reduced velocities were termed 3/4-flow and half-flow. Half-flow showed higher tracer gas concentrations than 3/4-flow, which had the lowest time-averaged concentration, with difference in log means significant at the 95% confidence level. Half-flow compared to full-flow and 3/4-flow compared to full-flow showed no statistically significant difference. CFD modeling using these ventilation conditions agreed closely with the tracer results for the full-flow and 3/4-flow comparison, yet not for the 3/4-flow and half-flow comparison. Full-flow conditions at the painting facility produced a velocity of 0.528 m/s (104 fpm) midway between supply and exhaust locations, with the supply rate of 94.4 m 3 /s (200,000 cfm) exceeding the exhaust rate of 68.7 m 3 /s (146,000 cfm). Ventilation modifications to correct this imbalance created a midhangar velocity of 0.406 m/s (80.0 fpm). Personal exposure monitoring for two worker groups-sprayers and sprayer helpers ("hosemen")-compared process duration means for the two velocities. Hexavalent chromium (Cr[VI]) exposures were 500 vs. 360 µg/m 3 for sprayers and 120 vs. 170 µg/m 3 for hosemen, for 0.528 m/s (104 fpm) and 0.406 m/s (80.0 fpm), respectively. Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) monomer means were 32.2 vs. 13.3 µg/m 3 for sprayers and 3.99 vs. 8.42 µg/m 3 for hosemen. Crossflow velocities affected exposures inconsistently, and local work zone velocities were much lower. Aircraft painting contaminant control is accomplished better with the unidirectional crossflow ventilation presented here than with other observed configurations. Exposure limit exceedances for this ideal condition reinforce continued use of personal protective equipment.
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Cummins 903, Low Viscosity Synthetic Oil Test
2012-04-17
Cylinder Aspiration Turbocharged & Aftercooled Bore & Stroke - in. (mm) 5.5(140) X 4.75 (121) Displacement -in3...6.0 (152) Maximum Bending Moment to the Turbocharger Exhaust Outlet Flanges - Lb*ft (N*m) 30 (41) Lubrication System...21.6CFM of rated airflow 1440CFM) 9. Set the inlet restriction to the turbocharger compressor at no more than 10 +/-2 in-H2O when at full load
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Solid metabolic waste transport and stowage investigation
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Burt, R. A.; Koesterer, M. G.; Hunt, S. R., Jr.
1974-01-01
The basic Waste Collection System (WCS) design under consideration utilized air flow to separate the stool from the WCS user and to transport the fecal material to a slinger device for subsequent deposition on a storage bowel. The major parameters governing stool separation and transport were found to be the area of the air inlet orifices, the configuration of the air inlet orifice and the transport air flow. Separation force and transport velocity of the stool were studied. The developed inlet orifice configuration was found to be an effective design for providing fecal separation and transport. Simulated urine tests and female user tests in zero gravity established air flow rates between 0.08 and 0.25 cu sm/min (3 and 9 scfm) as satisfactory for entrapment, containment and transport of urine using an urinal. The investigation of air drying of fecal material as a substitute for vacuum drying in a WCS breadboard system showed that using baseline conditions anticipated for the shuttle cabin ambient atmosphere, flow rates of 0.14 cu sm/min (5 cfm) were adequate for drying and maintaining biological stability of the fecal material.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-04-01
..., S.A. Models CFM56-3 and -3B Turbofan Engines AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA...), for certain CFM International, S.A. models CFM56-3 and -3B turbofan engines. That proposed AD would... inspection compliance threshold, to correct the engine model designations affected, and to clarify some of...
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Tenchurin, Timur K.; Reshetilov, Anatoly N.; Plekhanova, Yuliya V.; Tarasov, Sergey E.; Bykov, Aleksandr G.; Gutorov, Michail A.; Alferov, Sergey V.; Chvalun, Sergei N.; Orekhov, Anton S.; Shepelev, Alexey D.; Gotovtsev, Pavel M.; Vasilov, Raif G.
2018-02-01
We have investigated the properties of a several bioelectrodes based on the immobilization of Gluconobacter oxydans bacterial cells on carbon superfine materials (CFMs). We use three types of CFMs (as adopted by the working classification CFM 1-3). All bioelectrodes was formed by covering the surface of the CFM via suspension of bacteria in a chitosan gel. The properties of samples are evaluated by measuring the physiological state of the bacteria immobilized: (a) recording the intensity of cellular respiration, (b) for measuring the charge transport characteristics of electrode (bioelectrocatalysis), and (c) by measuring the electrode impedance. Measurements (b) and (c) are made on two and three-electrode circuits in the oxidation of ethanol in the presence of 2,6-dichlorophenol electron transport mediator. For CFMs 1 and 2 the electron transport by the oxidation of the substrate is not registered, while for CFM 3 the current generation occurs. The resistance of CFM 3 bioelectrode is below the resistance of CFMs 1 and 2 both before (39.6 kΩ/cm2 for CFM 3, 630 Ω/cm2 for CFM 2, and 1329 Ω/cm2 for CFM 1) and after the addition of the substrate (2.9 kΩ/cm2 for CFM 3, 45 kΩ/cm2 for CFM 2, and 58 kΩ/cm2 for CFM 1). The bioelectrode made of CFM 3 has a capacitance of 196 μF/cm2—greater than two orders of magnitude of the bioelectrode capacity of CFMs 1 and 2 (0.51 and 0.58 μF/cm2, respectively). It is important to further study the properties of the CFM class of materials, which are promising as the basis of mechanically flexible electrodes with controlled parameters.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Zhang, Wentao; Shi, Shuo; Wang, Yanru; Yu, Shaoxuan; Zhu, Wenxin; Zhang, Xu; Zhang, Daohong; Yang, Baowei; Wang, Xin; Wang, Jianlong
2016-06-01
Biologically, MoS2-based nanostructures have been intensely applied for the photothermal therapy of cancer, but rarely for antibacterial uses. In this contribution, a multifunctional chitosan (CS) functionalized magnetic MoS2 (abbreviated to CFM) was constructed to nonspecifically combat bacterial infection by integrating bacterial conjugation and enrichment, and NIR-triggered photothermal sterilization. Owing to the abundant introduced amino groups, the CFM complex offers a significantly enhanced conjugation efficiency without obvious specificity towards both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria compared to amino-free magnetic MoS2. The magnetic properties of CFM obtained from iron oxide facilitate the enrichment of a CFM-bacteria conjugate, improving the photothermal efficiency of CFM as a photothermal antibacterial agent. Specifically, after being trapped together with bacteria cells, CFM shows an enhanced in vitro photothermal sterilization ability. In vivo S. aureus-induced abscess treatment studies show faster healing when CFM is used as subcutaneous nano-localized heating sources with the assistance of an external magnet to concentrate the CFM-bacteria conjugate. This work establishes an innovative solution and a novel antimicrobial agent for combating bacterial infections without the use of antibiotics, which may open a new area of application and research for MoS2-based nanostructures.Biologically, MoS2-based nanostructures have been intensely applied for the photothermal therapy of cancer, but rarely for antibacterial uses. In this contribution, a multifunctional chitosan (CS) functionalized magnetic MoS2 (abbreviated to CFM) was constructed to nonspecifically combat bacterial infection by integrating bacterial conjugation and enrichment, and NIR-triggered photothermal sterilization. Owing to the abundant introduced amino groups, the CFM complex offers a significantly enhanced conjugation efficiency without obvious specificity towards both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria compared to amino-free magnetic MoS2. The magnetic properties of CFM obtained from iron oxide facilitate the enrichment of a CFM-bacteria conjugate, improving the photothermal efficiency of CFM as a photothermal antibacterial agent. Specifically, after being trapped together with bacteria cells, CFM shows an enhanced in vitro photothermal sterilization ability. In vivo S. aureus-induced abscess treatment studies show faster healing when CFM is used as subcutaneous nano-localized heating sources with the assistance of an external magnet to concentrate the CFM-bacteria conjugate. This work establishes an innovative solution and a novel antimicrobial agent for combating bacterial infections without the use of antibiotics, which may open a new area of application and research for MoS2-based nanostructures. Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Experimental details, characterization and supporting figures. See DOI: 10.1039/c6nr01243d
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Accurate solution of the Poisson equation with discontinuities
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Nave, Jean-Christophe; Marques, Alexandre; Rosales, Rodolfo
2017-11-01
Solving the Poisson equation in the presence of discontinuities is of great importance in many applications of science and engineering. In many cases, the discontinuities are caused by interfaces between different media, such as in multiphase flows. These interfaces are themselves solutions to differential equations, and can assume complex configurations. For this reason, it is convenient to embed the interface into a regular triangulation or Cartesian grid and solve the Poisson equation in this regular domain. We present an extension of the Correction Function Method (CFM), which was developed to solve the Poisson equation in the context of embedded interfaces. The distinctive feature of the CFM is that it uses partial differential equations to construct smooth extensions of the solution in the vicinity of interfaces. A consequence of this approach is that it can achieve high order of accuracy while maintaining compact discretizations. The extension we present removes the restrictions of the original CFM, and yields a method that can solve the Poisson equation when discontinuities are present in the solution, the coefficients of the equation (material properties), and the source term. We show results computed to fourth order of accuracy in two and three dimensions. This work was partially funded by DARPA, NSF, and NSERC.
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Lee, Kwanuk; Lee, Hwa Jung; Kim, Dong Hyun; Jeon, Young; Pai, Hyun-Sook; Kang, Hunseung
2014-04-16
Although several chloroplast RNA splicing and ribosome maturation (CRM) domain-containing proteins have been characterized for intron splicing and rRNA processing during chloroplast gene expression, the functional role of a majority of CRM domain proteins in plant growth and development as well as chloroplast RNA metabolism remains largely unknown. Here, we characterized the developmental and stress response roles of a nuclear-encoded chloroplast protein harboring a single CRM domain (At4g39040), designated CFM4, in Arabidopsis thaliana. Analysis of CFM4-GFP fusion proteins revealed that CFM4 is localized to chloroplasts. The loss-of-function T-DNA insertion mutants for CFM4 (cfm4) displayed retarded growth and delayed senescence, suggesting that CFM4 plays a role in growth and development of plants under normal growth conditions. In addition, cfm4 mutants showed retarded seed germination and seedling growth under stress conditions. No alteration in the splicing patterns of intron-containing chloroplast genes was observed in the mutant plants, but the processing of 16S and 4.5S rRNAs was abnormal in the mutant plants. Importantly, CFM4 was determined to possess RNA chaperone activity. These results suggest that the chloroplast-targeted CFM4, one of two Arabidopsis genes encoding a single CRM domain-containing protein, harbors RNA chaperone activity and plays a role in the Arabidopsis growth and stress response by affecting rRNA processing in chloroplasts.
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2014-01-01
Background Although several chloroplast RNA splicing and ribosome maturation (CRM) domain-containing proteins have been characterized for intron splicing and rRNA processing during chloroplast gene expression, the functional role of a majority of CRM domain proteins in plant growth and development as well as chloroplast RNA metabolism remains largely unknown. Here, we characterized the developmental and stress response roles of a nuclear-encoded chloroplast protein harboring a single CRM domain (At4g39040), designated CFM4, in Arabidopsis thaliana. Results Analysis of CFM4-GFP fusion proteins revealed that CFM4 is localized to chloroplasts. The loss-of-function T-DNA insertion mutants for CFM4 (cfm4) displayed retarded growth and delayed senescence, suggesting that CFM4 plays a role in growth and development of plants under normal growth conditions. In addition, cfm4 mutants showed retarded seed germination and seedling growth under stress conditions. No alteration in the splicing patterns of intron-containing chloroplast genes was observed in the mutant plants, but the processing of 16S and 4.5S rRNAs was abnormal in the mutant plants. Importantly, CFM4 was determined to possess RNA chaperone activity. Conclusions These results suggest that the chloroplast-targeted CFM4, one of two Arabidopsis genes encoding a single CRM domain-containing protein, harbors RNA chaperone activity and plays a role in the Arabidopsis growth and stress response by affecting rRNA processing in chloroplasts. PMID:24739417
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46 CFR 160.047-4 - Construction.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-10-01
... AF-1, CFM-1, and CFS-1. The buoyant pad inserts for Models AF-1, CFM-1, and CFS-1 buoyant vests shall...)—Distribution of Fibrous Glass in Buoyant Pad Inserts Model AF-1 (minimum) Model CFM-1 (minimum) Model CFS-1... and CFM-1 Each Models CKS-1 and CFS-1 Each Front pads 61/4 pounds ±1/4 pound 41/4 pounds ±1/4 pound 23...
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46 CFR 160.047-4 - Construction.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-10-01
... AF-1, CFM-1, and CFS-1. The buoyant pad inserts for Models AF-1, CFM-1, and CFS-1 buoyant vests shall...)—Distribution of Fibrous Glass in Buoyant Pad Inserts Model AF-1 (minimum) Model CFM-1 (minimum) Model CFS-1... and CFM-1 Each Models CKS-1 and CFS-1 Each Front pads 61/4 pounds ±1/4 pound 41/4 pounds ±1/4 pound 23...
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Sattel, Heribert; Schmidt, Ulrike; Sack, Martin
2018-01-01
ABSTRACT Background: Patients suffering from dissociative disorders (DD) are characterized by an avoidance of aversive stimuli. Clinical experience has shown that DD patients typically avoid the confrontation with their own faces in a mirror (CFM). Objective: To investigate potential CFM-associated self-reported and psychophysiological stress reactions of DD patients, which most likely inform on the still unknown pathophysiology of dysfunctional self-perception in DD. Method: Eighteen DD patients and 18 healthy controls (HCs) underwent CFM. They were assessed for CFM-induced subjective self-reported stress, acute dissociative symptoms and sympathetic and parasympathetic drive using impedance cardiography. Results: DD patients experienced more subjective stress and acute dissociation than HCs upon CFM. Their psychological stress response did not activate the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Conclusions: In DD patients, CFM constitutes serious self-reported stress and is associated with a blunted autonomic reactivity. Therapeutic approaches promoting self-perception and self-compassion, in particular by using CFM, might serve as goal-oriented diagnostic and therapeutic tools in DD.
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Schäflein, Eva; Sattel, Heribert; Schmidt, Ulrike; Sack, Martin
2018-01-01
Background : Patients suffering from dissociative disorders (DD) are characterized by an avoidance of aversive stimuli. Clinical experience has shown that DD patients typically avoid the confrontation with their own faces in a mirror (CFM). Objective : To investigate potential CFM-associated self-reported and psychophysiological stress reactions of DD patients, which most likely inform on the still unknown pathophysiology of dysfunctional self-perception in DD. Method : Eighteen DD patients and 18 healthy controls (HCs) underwent CFM. They were assessed for CFM-induced subjective self-reported stress, acute dissociative symptoms and sympathetic and parasympathetic drive using impedance cardiography. Results : DD patients experienced more subjective stress and acute dissociation than HCs upon CFM. Their psychological stress response did not activate the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Conclusions : In DD patients, CFM constitutes serious self-reported stress and is associated with a blunted autonomic reactivity. Therapeutic approaches promoting self-perception and self-compassion, in particular by using CFM, might serve as goal-oriented diagnostic and therapeutic tools in DD.
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Allen, Felicity; Pon, Allison; Greiner, Russ; Wishart, David
2016-08-02
We describe a tool, competitive fragmentation modeling for electron ionization (CFM-EI) that, given a chemical structure (e.g., in SMILES or InChI format), computationally predicts an electron ionization mass spectrum (EI-MS) (i.e., the type of mass spectrum commonly generated by gas chromatography mass spectrometry). The predicted spectra produced by this tool can be used for putative compound identification, complementing measured spectra in reference databases by expanding the range of compounds able to be considered when availability of measured spectra is limited. The tool extends CFM-ESI, a recently developed method for computational prediction of electrospray tandem mass spectra (ESI-MS/MS), but unlike CFM-ESI, CFM-EI can handle odd-electron ions and isotopes and incorporates an artificial neural network. Tests on EI-MS data from the NIST database demonstrate that CFM-EI is able to model fragmentation likelihoods in low-resolution EI-MS data, producing predicted spectra whose dot product scores are significantly better than full enumeration "bar-code" spectra. CFM-EI also outperformed previously reported results for MetFrag, MOLGEN-MS, and Mass Frontier on one compound identification task. It also outperformed MetFrag in a range of other compound identification tasks involving a much larger data set, containing both derivatized and nonderivatized compounds. While replicate EI-MS measurements of chemical standards are still a more accurate point of comparison, CFM-EI's predictions provide a much-needed alternative when no reference standard is available for measurement. CFM-EI is available at https://sourceforge.net/projects/cfm-id/ for download and http://cfmid.wishartlab.com as a web service.
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Two CRM protein subfamilies cooperate in the splicing of group IIB introns in chloroplasts.
Asakura, Yukari; Bayraktar, Omer Ali; Barkan, Alice
2008-11-01
Chloroplast genomes in angiosperms encode approximately 20 group II introns, approximately half of which are classified as subgroup IIB. The splicing of all but one of the subgroup IIB introns requires a heterodimer containing the peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase homolog CRS2 and one of two closely related proteins, CAF1 or CAF2, that harbor a recently recognized RNA binding domain called the CRM domain. Two CRS2/CAF-dependent introns require, in addition, a CRM domain protein called CFM2 that is only distantly related to CAF1 and CAF2. Here, we show that CFM3, a close relative of CFM2, associates in vivo with those CRS2/CAF-dependent introns that are not CFM2 ligands. Mutant phenotypes in rice and Arabidopsis support a role for CFM3 in the splicing of most of the introns with which it associates. These results show that either CAF1 or CAF2 and either CFM2 or CFM3 simultaneously bind most chloroplast subgroup IIB introns in vivo, and that the CAF and CFM subunits play nonredundant roles in splicing. These results suggest that the expansion of the CRM protein family in plants resulted in two subfamilies that play different roles in group II intron splicing, with further diversification within a subfamily to accommodate multiple intron ligands.
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77 FR 6666 - Airworthiness Directives; CFM International, S.A. Turbofan Engines
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-02-09
... International, S.A. model CFM56-5B series turbofan engines. This AD was prompted by a normal quality sampling at... quality sampling at CFM International. S.A. that isolated a production batch of fan blades with...
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DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Penner, J.E.
The magnitude of the chlorofluoromethane (CFM) induced depletion of the ozone layer is considered a key problem in atmospheric research. The historical rise in the atmospheric concentrations of CFCl/sub 3/, and CF/sub 2/Cl/sub 2/, the major CFM species, is well documented. Atmospheric CO/sub 2/ has also been increasing. Instead of depleting O/sub 3/, the expected effect of CO/sub 2/ is to increase its concentration. The simultaneous effects of these perturbations were studied. Results indicate that increases in CO/sub 2/ can significantly alter the predicted ozone trend. This will complicate efforts to detect the trend in O/sub 3/ caused by increasesmore » in CFM's. Since the calculated effects of these perturbations are largest at high altitudes, one might expect to detect changes in high altitude O/sub 3/ sooner than those in total O/sub 3/. Therefore a comparison was made between the calculated change in O/sub 3/ at high altitude and statistical detection limits for abnormal change as developed from Umkehr data from Arosa, Switzerland. Its significance for trend detection is discussed. Finally, since CO/sub 2/ effects will be important in the next 50 to 100 years, the effects of temperature changes from CO/sub 2/ increase on O/sub 3/ loss rates from different families were examined. Significant changes in the NO/sub x/-catalyzed ozone loss rates that have not previously been discussed were found. It is concluded that the O/sub 3/ decrease at steady state from the coupled CFM and CO/sub 2/ perturbation is larger than the decrease calculated by summing the separate effects of these perturbations. The expected increase in CO/sub 2/ can significantly affect predicted O/sub 3/ trends in the next 50 to 100 years. O/sub 3/ changes in Umkehr level 7 are more detectible, in a statistical sense, than those at higher levels. The temperature effect of CO/sub 2/ on the NO/sub x-catalyzed O/sub 3/ destruction rate was found to be as large or larger than the effect of temperature on the pure oxygen loss rate.« less
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Muthu, Magesh; Somagoni, Jaganmohan; Cheriyan, Vino T.; Munie, Sara; Levi, Edi; Ashour, Abdelkader E.; Yassin, Alaa Eldeen B.; Alafeefy, Ahmed M.; Sochacki, Paula; Polin, Lisa A.; Reddy, Kaladhar B.; Larsen, Scott D.; Singh, Mandip; Rishi, Arun K.
2016-01-01
The triple negative breast cancer (TNBCs) and non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) often acquire mutations that contribute to failure of drugs in clinic and poor prognosis, thus presenting an urgent need to develop new and improved therapeutic modalities. Here we report that CARP-1 functional mimetic (CFMs) compounds 4 and 5, and 4.6, a structurally related analog of CFM-4, are potent inhibitors of TNBC and NSCLC cells in vitro. Cell growth suppression by CFM-4 and -4.6 involved interaction and elevated expression of CARP-1/CCAR1 and Death Effector Domain (DED) containing DNA binding (DEDD)2 proteins. Apoptosis by these compounds also involved activation of pro-apoptotic stress-activated kinases p38 and JNK1/2, cleavage of PARP and loss of mitotic cyclin B1. Both the CFMs inhibited abilities of NSCLC and TNBC cells to migrate, invade, and form colonies in suspension, while disrupting tubule formation by the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Nano-lipid formulation of CFM-4 (CFM-4 NLF) enhanced its serum bioavailability when compared with the free CFM-4. Oral administration of CFM-4 NLF reduced weights and volume of the xenografted tumors derived from A549 NSCLC and MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells. Although no gross tissue or histological toxicities were noticed, the immuno-histochemical analysis revealed increased CARP-1 and DNA fragmentation in tumors of the CFM-4 NLF-treated animals. In conclusion, while stimulation of pro-apoptotic CARP-1 and DEDD2 expression and their binding underscore a novel mechanism of apoptosis transduction by CFM compounds, our proof-of-concept xenograft studies demonstrate therapeutic potential of CFM-4 for TNBC and NSCLC. PMID:26485930
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Freitas, Paulo Fontoura; Moreira, Bianca Carvalho; Manoel, Andre Luciano; Botura, Ana Clara de Albuquerque
2015-09-01
This study analyzed incentives for reimbursement of childbirth care advocated by the Brazilian Federal Board of Medicine (CFM) and their impact on cesarean rates. A consecutive sample of 600 postpartum women was surveyed. The overall cesarean rate was 59.2%, as compared to 92.3% among women that had the same physician for their prenatal care and childbirth. Cesarean rates were significantly greater in the groups of women with higher prevalence of the same physician during prenatal care and delivery, that is, higher rates were associated with older maternal age (PR = 1.65), more schooling (PR = 1.25), prenatal care in the private sector (PR = 1.39) or through private health plans (PR = 1.43), previous cesarean section (PR = 2.78), and admission earlier in labor (PR = 1.93). The results challenge the position by the CFM that financial incentives for women to have the same obstetrician during prenatal care and labor would encourage normal childbirth, when these women are precisely the ones with the highest cesarean rates.
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China's Classification-Based Forest Management: Procedures, Problems, and Prospects
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Dai, Limin; Zhao, Fuqiang; Shao, Guofan; Zhou, Li; Tang, Lina
2009-06-01
China’s new Classification-Based Forest Management (CFM) is a two-class system, including Commodity Forest (CoF) and Ecological Welfare Forest (EWF) lands, so named according to differences in their distinct functions and services. The purposes of CFM are to improve forestry economic systems, strengthen resource management in a market economy, ease the conflicts between wood demands and public welfare, and meet the diversified needs for forest services in China. The formative process of China’s CFM has involved a series of trials and revisions. China’s central government accelerated the reform of CFM in the year 2000 and completed the final version in 2003. CFM was implemented at the provincial level with the aid of subsidies from the central government. About a quarter of the forestland in China was approved as National EWF lands by the State Forestry Administration in 2006 and 2007. Logging is prohibited on National EWF lands, and their landowners or managers receive subsidies of about 70 RMB (US10) per hectare from the central government. CFM represents a new forestry strategy in China and its implementation inevitably faces challenges in promoting the understanding of forest ecological services, generalizing nationwide criteria for identifying EWF and CoF lands, setting up forest-specific compensation mechanisms for ecological benefits, enhancing the knowledge of administrators and the general public about CFM, and sustaining EWF lands under China’s current forestland tenure system. CFM does, however, offer a viable pathway toward sustainable forest management in China.
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Compression of Martian atmosphere for production of oxygen
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Lynch, D. C.; Cutler, A. H.; Nolan, P. E.
1991-01-01
The compression of CO2 from the Martian atmosphere for production of O2 via an electrochemical cell is addressed. Design specifications call for an oxygen production rate of 10 kg per day and for compression of 50 times that mass of CO2. Those specifications require a compression rate of over 770 cfm at standard Martian temperature and pressure (SMTP). Much of the CO2 being compressed represents waste, unless it can be recycled. Recycling can reduce the volume of gas that must be compressed to 40 cfm at SMTP. That volume reduction represents significant mass savings in the compressor, heating equipment, filters, and energy source. Successful recycle of the gas requires separation of CO (produced in the electrochemical cell) from CO2, N2, and Ar found in the Martian atmosphere. That aspect was the focus of this work.
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A continuous sampler with background suppression for monitoring alpha-emitting aerosol particles.
McFarland, A R; Rodgers, J C; Ortiz, C A; Moore, M E
1992-05-01
A continuous air monitor has been developed that includes provisions for improving the detection of alpha-emitting aerosol particles in the presence of radon/thoron progeny that are unattached to ambient aerosol particles. Wind tunnel tests show that 80% of 10-microns aerodynamic equivalent diameter particles penetrate the flow system from the ambient air to the collection filter when the flow rate is 57 L min-1 (2 cfm) and the wind speed is 1 m s-1. Uniformity of aerosol collection on the filter, as characterized by the coefficient of variation of the areal density deposits, is less than 15% for 10-microns aerodynamic-equivalent-diameter aerosol particles. Tests with unattached radon daughters in a flow-through chamber showed that approximately 99% of the 218Po was removed by an inlet screen that is designed to collect radon daughters that are in the size range of molecular clusters. The inlet screen offers the opportunity to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of energy spectra in the regions of interest (subranges of the energy spectrum) of transuranic elements and thereby enhance the performance of background compensation algorithms.
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Cryogenic Fluid Management Technology Development Roadmaps
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Stephens, J. R.; Johnson, W. L.
2017-01-01
Advancement in Cryogenic Fluid Management (CFM) Technologies is essential for achieving NASA's future long duration missions. Propulsion systems utilizing cryogens are necessary to achieve mission success. Current State Of the Art (SOA) CFM technologies enable cryogenic propellants to be stored for several hours. However, some envisioned mission architectures require cryogens to be stored for two years or longer. The fundamental roles of CFM technologies are long term storage of cryogens, propellant tank pressure control and propellant delivery. In the presence of heat, the cryogens will "boil-off" over time resulting in excessive pressure buildup, off-nominal propellant conditions, and propellant loss. To achieve long term storage and tank pressure control, the CFM elements will intercept and/or remove any heat from the propulsion system. All functions are required to perform both with and without the presence of a gravitational field. Which CFM technologies are required is a function of the cryogens used, mission architecture, vehicle design and propellant tank size. To enable NASA's crewed mission to the Martian surface, a total of seventeen CFM technologies have been identified to support an In-Space Stage and a Lander/Ascent Vehicle. Recognizing that FY2020 includes a Decision Point regarding the In-Space Stage Architecture, a set of CFM Technology Development Roadmaps have been created identifying the current Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of each element, current technology "gaps", and existing technology development efforts. The roadmaps include a methodical approach and schedule to achieve a flight demonstration in FY2023, hence maturing CFM technologies to TRL 7 for infusion into the In-Space Stage Preliminary Design.
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Uokawa, Y; Yonezawa, Y; Caldwell, W M; Hahn, A W
2000-01-01
A data acquisition system employing a low power 8 bit microcomputer has been developed for heart rate variability monitoring before, during and after bathing. The system consists of three integral chest electrodes, two temperature sensors, an instrumentation amplifier, a low power 8-bit single chip microcomputer (SMC) and a 4 MB compact flash memory (CFM). The ECG from the electrodes is converted to an 8-bit digital format at a 1 ms rate by an A/D converter in the SMC. Both signals from the body and ambient temperature sensors are converted to an 8-bit digital format every 1 second. These data are stored by the CFM. The system is powered by a rechargeable 3.6 V lithium battery. The 4 x 11 x 1 cm system is encapsulated in epoxy and silicone, yielding a total volume of 44 cc. The weight is 100 g.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Li, Wei; Matcher, Stephen J.
2017-02-01
A novel nanoparticle, magnetic graphene quantum dot (MGQD), was synthesized by hydrothermally cutting graphene oxide-iron oxide sheet for contrast agent in magnetomotive optical coherence tomography (MMOCT) and confocal fluorescence microscopy (CFM). The MGQD has superparamagnetism, which allows the MGQD to be tracked and imaged using MMOCT. The MMOCT can display paramagnetic nanoparticle in vivo and provide an anatomical information with micron scale resolution and long imaging depth in clinic application. Moreover, the MGQD has excitation-depend fluorescence and emits visible fluorescence under the excitation of 360nm light, which allows the MGQD to be used as tracer in CFM. CFM can offer intracellular details due to higher resolution, while CFM is unsuitable for imaging anatomical structure because of the limited view of field. The use of MGQD for cell or tissue tracking realizes the combination of MMOCT and CFM, and gives a more comprehensive diagnosis.
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DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Apte, Michael G.; Mendell, Mark J.; Sohn, Michael D.
Through mass-balance modeling of various ventilation scenarios that might satisfy the ASHRAE 62.1 Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Procedure, we estimate indoor concentrations of contaminants of concern (COCs) in California “big box” stores, compare estimates to available thresholds, and for selected scenarios estimate differences in energy consumption. Findings are intended to inform decisions on adding performance-based approaches to ventilation rate (VR) standards for commercial buildings. Using multi-zone mass-balance models and available contaminant source rates, we estimated concentrations of 34 COCs for multiple ventilation scenarios: VRmin (0.04 cfm/ft2 ), VRmax (0.24 cfm/ft2 ), and VRmid (0.14 cfm/ft2 ). We compared COC concentrationsmore » with available health, olfactory, and irritant thresholds. We estimated building energy consumption at different VRs using a previously developed EnergyPlus model. VRmax did control all contaminants adequately, but VRmin did not, and VRmid did so only marginally. Air cleaning and local ventilation near strong sources both showed promise. Higher VRs increased indoor concentrations of outdoor air pollutants. Lowering VRs in big box stores in California from VRmax to VRmid would reduce total energy use by an estimated 6.6% and energy costs by 2.5%. Reducing the required VRs in California’s big box stores could reduce energy use and costs, but poses challenges for health and comfort of occupants. Source removal, air cleaning, and local ventilation may be needed at reduced VRs, and even at current recommended VRs. Also, alternative ventilation strategies taking climate and season into account in ventilation schedules may provide greater energy cost savings than constant ventilation rates, while improving IAQ.« less
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Wang, Youshi; Yang, Zhiyong; Zhou, Shurong; Soininen, Janne; Ai, Dexiecuo; Li, Yali; Chu, Chengjin
2013-01-01
It has been demonstrated that the interplay between negative and positive interactions simultaneously shapes community structure and composition. However, few studies have attempted to examine the effect of facilitation on compositional changes in communities through time. Additionally, due to the difficulties in collecting the long-term data, it would be useful to indicate the rate of temporal turnover using a readily obtainable metric. Using an individual-based model incorporating plant strategies, we examined the role of facilitation on the temporal turnover of communities located at different positions along an environmental gradient for three model scenarios: CM without facilitation; CFM-U, a unimodal relationship between facilitation and environmental severity; and CFM-L, a positively linear relationship between facilitation and environmental severity. Our results demonstrated that facilitation could increase, decrease or have no remarkable effect on temporal turnover. The specific outcome depended on the location of the focal community across the environmental gradient and the model employed. Compared with CM, the inclusion of positive interactions (i.e. CFM-U and CFM-L), at intermediate environmental stress levels (such as S = 0.7 and 0.8) resulted in lower Bray-Curtis similarity values; at other severity levels, facilitation slowed down (such as S = 0.3 and 0.4 at low to medium stress levels, and S = 0.9 at high stress levels) or had only a subtle effect (such as at S = 0.1) on temporal turnover. We also found that the coefficient of variation (CV) in species abundances and the rate of temporal variability showed a significant quadratic relationship. Our theoretical analysis contributes to the understanding of factors driving temporal turnover in biotic communities, and presents a potential metric (i.e. CV in species abundances) assessing the consequences of ongoing environmental change on community structure.
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Wang, Youshi; Yang, Zhiyong; Zhou, Shurong; Soininen, Janne; Ai, Dexiecuo; Li, Yali; Chu, Chengjin
2013-01-01
It has been demonstrated that the interplay between negative and positive interactions simultaneously shapes community structure and composition. However, few studies have attempted to examine the effect of facilitation on compositional changes in communities through time. Additionally, due to the difficulties in collecting the long-term data, it would be useful to indicate the rate of temporal turnover using a readily obtainable metric. Using an individual-based model incorporating plant strategies, we examined the role of facilitation on the temporal turnover of communities located at different positions along an environmental gradient for three model scenarios: CM without facilitation; CFM-U, a unimodal relationship between facilitation and environmental severity; and CFM-L, a positively linear relationship between facilitation and environmental severity. Our results demonstrated that facilitation could increase, decrease or have no remarkable effect on temporal turnover. The specific outcome depended on the location of the focal community across the environmental gradient and the model employed. Compared with CM, the inclusion of positive interactions (i.e. CFM-U and CFM-L), at intermediate environmental stress levels (such as S = 0.7 and 0.8) resulted in lower Bray-Curtis similarity values; at other severity levels, facilitation slowed down (such as S = 0.3 and 0.4 at low to medium stress levels, and S = 0.9 at high stress levels) or had only a subtle effect (such as at S = 0.1) on temporal turnover. We also found that the coefficient of variation (CV) in species abundances and the rate of temporal variability showed a significant quadratic relationship. Our theoretical analysis contributes to the understanding of factors driving temporal turnover in biotic communities, and presents a potential metric (i.e. CV in species abundances) assessing the consequences of ongoing environmental change on community structure. PMID:24265708
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The presentation is part of a larger, similar body of work. Related works include http://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_report.cfm?dirEntryId=282620, http://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_report.cfm?dirEntryId=279534, and http://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_report.cfm...
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Overview of the Contributing Factor Map and How it can Support your Research
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Mindock, Jennifer A.
2014-01-01
The Contributing Factor Map (CFM) is a visual representation of a taxonomy of factors influencing human health and performance in space. This presentation will give an overview of its development and its structure. It will describe various uses of the CFM that can support researchers working within the Human Research Program (HRP) Architecture of Evidence-Risk-Gap-Task-Deliverable. For example, during the Risk phase, the CFM can be used as a "menu" to help formulate a qualitative model of the factors contributing to specific consequences of concern. It provides a reference set of factors from across the operational, vehicle design, and human domains that otherwise might not be considered if approaching a risk from a specific domain perspective. Using the CFM as a reference can increase awareness of potential cross-disciplinary collaborations for overall risk mitigation. The CFM can also be used as a framework for identifying gaps in knowledge about a risk. This identification can support the subsequent development of gaps and tasks comprising the research plan aimed at risk mitigation. Examples of these types of applications of the CFM will be discussed and information on the support available to researchers in using it will be provided.
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Hanes, D.M.; Ward, K.; Erikson, L.H.
2011-01-01
Crissy Field Marsh (CFM; http://www.nps.gov/prsf/planyourvisit/crissy-field-marsh-and-beach.htm) is a small, restored tidal wetland located in the entrance to San Francisco Bay just east of the Golden Gate. The marsh is small but otherwise fairly typical of many such restored wetlands worldwide. The marsh is hydraulically connected to the bay and the adjacent Pacific Ocean by a narrow sandy channel. The channel often migrates and sometimes closes completely, which effectively blocks the tidal connection to the ocean and disrupts the hydraulics and ecology of the marsh. Field measurements of waves and tides have been examined in order to evaluate the conditions responsible for the intermittent closure of the marsh entrance. The most important factor found to bring about the entrance channel closure is the occurrence of large ocean waves. However, there were also a few closure events during times with relatively small offshore waves. Examination of the deep-water directional wave spectra during these times indicates the presence of a small secondary peak corresponding to long period swell from the southern hemisphere, indicating that CFM and San Francisco Bay in general may be more susceptible to long period ocean swell emanating from the south or southwest than the more common ocean waves coming from the northwest. The tidal records during closure events show no strong relationship between closures and tides, other than that closures tend to occur during multi-day periods with successively increasing high tides. It can be inferred from these findings that the most important process to the intermittent closure of the entrance to CFM is littoral sediment transport driven by the influence of ocean swell waves breaking along the CFM shoreline at oblique angles. During periods of large, oblique waves the littoral transport of sand likely overwhelms the scour potential of the tidal flow in the entrance channel. ?? 2011.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-10-18
... serial number (S/N) fan blades, part number (P/N) 338- 002-114-0. This proposed AD was prompted by a normal quality sampling at CFM that isolated a production batch of fan blades with nonconforming geometry of mid-span shroud tips of the fan blades. This defect would cause the upper panel of the fan blade...
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75 FR 2064 - Airworthiness Directives; CFM International, S.A. CFM56-7B Series Turbofan Engines
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-01-14
... requires a change to the Airworthiness Limitations Section (ALS) for the introduction of the new LP turbine.../Ns that were introduced to the field before the ALS changes occurred. We did not change the AD... International, S.A. through SB No. CFM56-7B S/B 72-0527, before the ALS could be modified to include the LP...
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Recirculating Thermocatalytic Air Purifier for Collective Protection
2006-01-01
stearothermophilus (Bs) spores, which are generally accepted to be more heat resistant than anthrax spores. The results for the Bg and Bs spore...7 who performed thermal deactivation tests using Bg spores in a different reactor geometry. Shankle’s data imply complete sterilization of Bg...400 CFM Catalytic Air Purifier Model, Book 2: Effects of Heat Transfer and Flow on Thermal Sterilization . CB-67-2738-12.2, Physical Protection
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Meng, Linghua; Lozano, Yves; Bombarda, Isabelle; Gaydou, Emile; Li, Bin
2006-06-14
Extraction and concentration at a pilot plant scale of anthocyanins and flavonoids from Perilla frutescens var. frutescens harvested in the Guangzhou area of China were investigated. The study of extraction efficiency using mineral acids and organic acids showed that 0.01 mol/L nitric acid was the most suitable to extract flavonoids from this slightly red leaf cultivar. The red extract contained 12 mg/L (as cyanidin equivalent) anthocyanins and other flavones. The multistep process included cross-flow microfiltration (CFM) with a ceramic type membrane, reverse osmosis (RO), and rotating evaporation (RE). The filtration fluxes were high and constant for CFM (150 L/h/m2 at 0.6 b) and for RO (22 L/h/m2 at 40 b). The red extract was concentrated 9.4 times by RO and then 5.4 times by RE. It contained 422 mg/L anthocyanins, representing 77% of the total extracted anthocyanin. The proportion of flavonoids was found unchanged during processing. The concentrated extract showed a pH of 2.7, and its free acidity was found to be 46% of the acidity added for extraction, because of the buffering capacity of the extract. At the concentration level reached, a crystallized deposit occurred and was identified as tartrate.
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Acoustic Measurements of an Uninstalled Spacecraft Cabin Ventilation Fan Prototype
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Koch, L. Danielle; Brown, Clifford A.; Shook, Tony D.; Winkel, James; Kolacz, John S.; Podboy, Devin M.; Loew, Raymond A.; Mirecki, Julius H.
2012-01-01
Sound pressure measurements were recorded for a prototype of a spacecraft cabin ventilation fan in a test in the NASA Glenn Acoustical Testing Laboratory. The axial fan is approximately 0.089 m (3.50 in.) in diameter and 0.223 m (9.00 in.) long and has nine rotor blades and eleven stator vanes. At design point of 12,000 rpm, the fan was predicted to produce a flow rate of 0.709 cu m/s (150 cfm) and a total pressure rise of 925 Pa (3.72 in. of water) at 12,000 rpm. While the fan was designed to be part of a ducted atmospheric revitalization system, no attempt was made to throttle the flow or simulate the installed configuration during this test. The fan was operated at six speeds from 6,000 to 13,500 rpm. A 13-microphone traversing array was used to collect sound pressure measurements along two horizontal planes parallel to the flow direction, two vertical planes upstream of the fan inlet and two vertical planes downstream of the fan exhaust. Measurements indicate that sound at blade passing frequency harmonics contribute significantly to the overall audible noise produced by the fan at free delivery conditions.
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Inverted Outflow Ground Testing of Cryogenic Propellant Liquid Acquisition Devices
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Chato, David J.; Hartwig, Jason W.; Rame, Enrique; McQuillen, John B.
2014-01-01
NASA is currently developing propulsion system concepts for human exploration. These propulsion concepts will require the vapor free acquisition and delivery of the cryogenic propellants stored in the propulsion tanks during periods of microgravity to the exploration vehicles engines. Propellant management devices (PMDs), such as screen channel capillary liquid acquisition devices (LADs), vanes and sponges have been used for earth storable propellants in the Space Shuttle Orbiter and other spacecraft propulsion systems, but only very limited propellant management capability currently exists for cryogenic propellants. NASA is developing PMD technology as a part of their cryogenic fluid management (CFM) project. System concept studies have looked at the key factors that dictate the size and shape of PMD devices and established screen channel LADs as an important component of PMD design. Modeling validated by normal gravity experiments is examining the behavior of the flow in the LAD channel assemblies (as opposed to only prior testing of screen samples) at the flow rates representative of actual engine service (similar in size to current launch vehicle upper stage engines). Recently testing of rectangular LAD channels has included inverted outflow in liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen. This paper will report the results of liquid oxygen testing compare and contrast them with the recently published hydrogen results; and identify the sensitivity these results to flow rate and tank internal pressure.
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Inverted Outflow Ground Testing of Cryogenic Propellant Liquid Acquisition Devices
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Chato, David J.; Hartwig, Jason W.; Rame, Enrique; McQuillen, John B.
2014-01-01
NASA is currently developing propulsion system concepts for human exploration. These propulsion concepts will require the vapor free acquisition and delivery of the cryogenic propellants stored in the propulsion tanks during periods of microgravity to the exploration vehicles engines. Propellant management devices (PMD's), such as screen channel capillary liquid acquisition devices (LAD's), vanes and sponges have been used for earth storable propellants in the Space Shuttle Orbiter and other spacecraft propulsion systems, but only very limited propellant management capability currently exists for cryogenic propellants. NASA is developing PMD technology as a part of their cryogenic fluid management (CFM) project. System concept studies have looked at the key factors that dictate the size and shape of PMD devices and established screen channel LADs as an important component of PMD design. Modeling validated by normal gravity experiments is examining the behavior of the flow in the LAD channel assemblies (as opposed to only prior testing of screen samples) at the flow rates representative of actual engine service (similar in size to current launch vehicle upper stage engines). Recently testing of rectangular LAD channels has included inverted outflow in liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen. This paper will report the results of liquid oxygen testing compare and contrast them with the recently published hydrogen results; and identify the sensitivity of these results to flow rate and tank internal pressure.
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Performance and Reliability of Exhaust Gas Waste Heat Recovery Units
2014-09-01
transfer in an annulus with an externally enhanced inner tube. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 14(1), 54‒63. Akpinar, E. K. (2006...from http://www.energy-tech.com/article.cfm?id=17567 Masliyah, J., & Nandakumar, K. (1976). Heat transfer in internally finned tubes. Journal of...exchanger by using turbulator. International Journal of Engineering Science & Advanced Technology, 2(4), 881‒885. Patankar, S. V. (1980). The
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A CAM (continuous air monitor) sampler for collecting and assessing alpha-emitting aerosol particles
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
McFarland, A.R.; Bethel, E.L.; Ortiz, C.A.
1991-07-01
A new continuous air monitor (CAM) sampler for assessing alpha-emitting transuranic aerosol particles has been developed. The system has been designed to permit collection of particles that can potentially penetrate into the thoracic region of the human respiratory system. Wind tunnel testing of the sampler has been used to characterize the penetration of aerosol to the collection filter. Results show that greater than or equal to 50% of 10-micrograms aerodynamic equivalent diameter (AED) particles are collected by the filter at wind speeds of 0.3 to 2 m s-1 and at sampling flow rates of 28 to 113 L min-1 (1more » to 4 cfm). The deposition of 10-microns AED particles takes place primarily in the center of the filter, where the counting efficiency of the detector is highest.« less
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Nonthermal inactivation of norovirus surrogates on blueberries using atmospheric cold plasma.
Lacombe, Alison; Niemira, Brendan A; Gurtler, Joshua B; Sites, Joseph; Boyd, Glenn; Kingsley, David H; Li, Xinhui; Chen, Haiqiang
2017-05-01
Viruses are currently the leading cause of foodborne outbreaks, most of which are associated with foods consumed raw. Cold plasma (CP) is an emerging novel nonthermal technology that can be used to surface decontaminate foods. This study investigated CP technology for the nonthermal inactivation of human norovirus surrogates, Tulane virus (TV) and murine norovirus (MNV), on the surface of blueberries. Blueberries (5 g) were weighed into sterile 4 oz. glass jars and inoculated with TV, 5 log PFU/g. Samples were treated with atmospheric CP for 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 s at a working distance of 7.5 cm with 4 cubic feet/minute (cfm) of CP jet. Temperature readings were taken with an infrared camera prior to, and immediately following, CP treatments. In order to establish the impact of air flow during CP treatment (4 cfm), an additional 7 cfm jet of room temperature air was introduced from a separate nozzle. The experiment was repeated with 90 and 120 s as additional treatment time points. Viral titers were measured immediately after each treatment with a plaque assay using LLC-MK2 cells (TV) or RAW 264.7 cells (MNV). TV was significantly reduced 1.5 PFU/g compared to the control after treatment time of 45s, which was achieved regardless of temperature conditions. With the addition of 7 cfm of ambient air, the maximum log reduction for TV was 3.5 log PFU/g after 120s of treatment. MNV was significantly reduced by 0.5 log PFU/g compare to the control at 15s, and further treatment of MNV with ambient air brought the log reduction to greater than 5 log PFU/g at 90 s of treatment (Fig. 3). These results demonstrate that CP viral inactivation does not rely on thermal inactivation, and is therefore nonthermal in nature. With further optimization, CP may be used by food processors as a means of nonthermal inactivation of foodborne viruses. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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26 CFR 48.4191-2 - Taxable medical device.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-04-01
..., available at http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfIVD/Search.cfm. (B) Devices that are... and listing database, available at http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfrl/rl.cfm. (D...
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1980-10-01
The artificial fogs are produced by 1’SALTY DOC,14 and phosphorus pentoxide smokeS~in Calspan’s 590 cubic meter chamber at controlled relative...the chamber experiments, an isokinetic sampling inlet was employed for minimizing aerosol losses during sampling. Instrumentation used to monitor...with a 1 cfm critical orifice and vacuum pump. Additionally, a flow meter , placed behind the filter, was monitored to assure that filter loading did
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Fact Sheet: EPA's Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment
March 29, 2005
FACT SHEET: EPA's GUIDELINES FOR CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT
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THE EFFECTS OF AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE ON THYROIDS (2000)
In response to recommendations made at the February 1999 external peer review of the December 1998 document entitled, Perchlorate Environmental Contamination: Toxicology Review and Risk Characterization , ...
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- December 5, 2000
- Options for Development of Parametric Probability Distributions for Exposure Factors
(This file contains the Table of Contents) EPA/6...
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Powder metallurgy Rene 95 rotating turbine engine parts, volume 2
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Wilbers, L. G.; Redden, T. K.
1981-01-01
A Rene 95 alloy as-HIP high pressure turbine aft shaft in the CF6-50 engine and a HIP plus forged Rene 95 compressor disk in the CFM56 engine were tested. The CF6-50 engine test was conducted for 1000 C cycles and the CFM56 test for 2000 C cycles. Post test evaluation and analysis of the CF6-50 shaft and the CFM56 compressor disk included visual, fluorescent penetrant, and dimensional inspections. No defects or otherwise discrepant conditions were found. These parts were judged to have performed satisfactorily.
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NASA's Cryogenic Fluid Management Technology Project
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Tramel, Terri L.; Motil, Susan M.
2008-01-01
The Cryogenic Fluid Management (CFM) Project's primary objective is to develop storage, transfer, and handling technologies for cryogens that will support the enabling of high performance cryogenic propulsion systems, lunar surface systems and economical ground operations. Such technologies can significantly reduce propellant launch mass and required on-orbit margins, reduce or even eliminate propellant tank fluid boil-off losses for long term missions, and simplify vehicle operations. This paper will present the status of the specific technologies that the CFM Project is developing. The two main areas of concentration are analysis models development and CFM hardware development. The project develops analysis tools and models based on thermodynamics, hydrodynamics, and existing flight/test data. These tools assist in the development of pressure/thermal control devices (such as the Thermodynamic Vent System (TVS), and Multi-layer insulation); with the ultimate goal being to develop a mature set of tools and models that can characterize the performance of the pressure/thermal control devices incorporated in the design of an entire CFM system with minimal cryogen loss. The project does hardware development and testing to verify our understanding of the physical principles involved, and to validate the performance of CFM components, subsystems and systems. This database provides information to anchor our analytical models. This paper describes some of the current activities of the NASA's Cryogenic Fluid Management Project.
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Energy Systems Integration Facility Office Space | Energy Systems
unit has a design capacity of 24,000 cfm (with a minimum outside air of 6,500 cfm) and consists of a pre-filter, heating coil, fan section, cooling coil, and final filter. The office space also has
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Dioxin Exposure Initiative Publications
Following is a listing of published articles that have come out of EPA's Dioxin Exposure Initiative
SOURCES:
- <...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-01-28
..., and CFM56-3C turbofan engines. This AD requires removal from service of certain high-pressure turbine... high-pressure turbine (HPT) disk, part number (P/N) 880026, serial number (S/N) GLKBAA9307, GLKBAA9335...
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Guide to Current Literature on Exposure Factors
In an effort to keep the Exposure Factors Handbook up-to-date, the National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) conducted a literature search and summarized recent data on exposure factor...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-06-21
...). This AD results from the discovery of a material nonconformity requiring removal of the disk before the... airplanes. Unsafe Condition (d) This AD results from the discovery of a material nonconformity requiring...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-03-18
... (LPT) disks, identified by serial number (S/N). This proposed AD results from the discovery of a... discovery of a material nonconformity requiring removal of the disk before the certified disk life of...
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Hoang, Tony; Patel, Dhruv S; Halvorsen, Ken
2016-08-01
The centrifuge force microscope (CFM) was recently introduced as a platform for massively parallel single-molecule manipulation and analysis. Here we developed a low-cost and self-contained CFM module that works directly within a commercial centrifuge, greatly improving accessibility and ease of use. Our instrument incorporates research grade video microscopy, a power source, a computer, and wireless transmission capability to simultaneously monitor many individually tethered microspheres. We validated the instrument by performing single-molecule force shearing of short DNA duplexes. For a 7 bp duplex, we observed over 1000 dissociation events due to force dependent shearing from 2 pN to 12 pN with dissociation times in the range of 10-100 s. We extended the measurement to a 10 bp duplex, applying a 12 pN force clamp and directly observing single-molecule dissociation over an 85 min experiment. Our new CFM module facilitates simple and inexpensive experiments that dramatically improve access to single-molecule analysis.
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Continuous Fluorescence Microphotolysis and Correlation Spectroscopy Using 4Pi Microscopy
Arkhipov, Anton; Hüve, Jana; Kahms, Martin; Peters, Reiner; Schulten, Klaus
2007-01-01
Continuous fluorescence microphotolysis (CFM) and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) permit measurement of molecular mobility and association reactions in single living cells. CFM and FCS complement each other ideally and can be realized using identical equipment. So far, the spatial resolution of CFM and FCS was restricted by the resolution of the light microscope to the micrometer scale. However, cellular functions generally occur on the nanometer scale. Here, we develop the theoretical and computational framework for CFM and FCS experiments using 4Pi microscopy, which features an axial resolution of ∼100 nm. The framework, taking the actual 4Pi point spread function of the instrument into account, was validated by measurements on model systems, employing 4Pi conditions or normal confocal conditions together with either single- or two-photon excitation. In all cases experimental data could be well fitted by computed curves for expected diffusion coefficients, even when the signal/noise ratio was small due to the small number of fluorophores involved. PMID:17704168
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- December 22, 1998
- Benchmark Dose Software
- December 16, 1998
- Recent Additions for 1997
- December 15, 1997
- Minutes of the Stakeholder Meetings on the Report of the JSA Shrimp Virus Work Group
November 21, 1997-
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47 CFR 5.55 - Filing of applications.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
... the Office of Engineering and Technology Web site https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/els/index.cfm... Office of Engineering and Technology Web site https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/els/index.cfm... instead be submitted to the Commission's Office of Engineering and Technology, Washington, DC 20554...
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47 CFR 5.55 - Filing of applications.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-10-01
... the Office of Engineering and Technology Web site https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/els/index.cfm... Office of Engineering and Technology Web site https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/els/index.cfm... instead be submitted to the Commission's Office of Engineering and Technology, Washington, DC 20554...
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- December 8, 1999
- Summary Of The U.S. EPA Colloquium On a Framework for Human Health Risk Assessment
EPA/600/R-99/001 and EPA/600/R-98/155
The U.S. ...
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47 CFR 5.55 - Filing of applications.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-10-01
... the Office of Engineering and Technology Web site https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/els/index.cfm... Office of Engineering and Technology Web site https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/els/index.cfm... instead be submitted to the Commission's Office of Engineering and Technology, Washington, DC 20554...
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A Contextual-Functional Meta-Framework for Counselling Supervision
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Chang, Jeff
2013-01-01
In this paper, an approach to clinical supervision, entitled the Contextual-Functional Meta-Framework (CFM), is developed and articulated, based on a consideration of current literature and the author's extensive practice experience. First, the context for the development of the CFM, and its formative influences, are examined, followed by a review…
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-06-08
... CFR Part 39 Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by reference, Safety... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Aviation Administration 14 CFR Part 39 [Docket No. FAA-2009... Docket Management Facility, U.S. Department of Transportation, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE., West Building...
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8. VIEW LOOKING NORTHEAST AT ELLIOTT COMPRESSORS, 100,000 CFM, USED ...
8. VIEW LOOKING NORTHEAST AT ELLIOTT COMPRESSORS, 100,000 CFM, USED FOR REMOVAL OF BOUNDARY LAYER OF AIR IN TUNNEL THROUGH SLOTS. (ONLY USED BETWEEN MACH 1.1 AND 1.2). - NASA Langley Research Center, 8-Foot Transonic Pressure Tunnel, 640 Thornell Avenue, Hampton, Hampton, VA
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DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Giffin, Paxton K.; Parsons, Michael S.; Rickert, Jaime G.
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) has recently added Section FK establishing requirements for radial flow HEPA filters to the Code on Nuclear Air and Gas Treatment (AG-1). Section FK filters are expected to be a major element in the HEPA filtration systems across the US Department of Energy (DOE) complex. Radial flow filters have been used in Europe for some time, however a limited amount of performance evaluation data exists with respect to these new AG-1 Section FK units. In consultation with a technical working group, the Institute for Clean Energy Technology (ICET) at Mississippi State University (MSU)hasmore » evaluated a series of representative AG-1 Section FK dimple pleated radial flow HEPA filters. The effects of elevated relative humidity and temperature conditions on these filters are particularly concerning. Results from the evaluation of Section FK filters under ambient conditions have been presented at the 2011 waste management conference. Additions to the previous test stand to enable high temperature and high humidity testing, a review of the equipment used, the steps taken to characterize the new additions, and the filter test results are presented in this study. Test filters were evaluated at a volumetric flow rate of 56.6 m{sup 3}/min (2000 cfm) and were challenged under ambient conditions with Alumina, Al(OH){sub 3}, until reaching a differential pressure of 1 kPa (4 in. w.c.), at which time the filters were tested, unchallenged with aerosol, at 54 deg. C (130 deg. F) for approximately 1 hour. At the end of that hour water was sprayed near the heat source to maximize vaporization exposing the filter to an elevated relative humidity up to 95%. Collected data include differential pressure, temperature, relative humidity, and volumetric flow rate versus time. (authors)« less
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Bledsoe, Jonathan M; Kimble, Christopher J; Covey, Daniel P; Blaha, Charles D; Agnesi, Filippo; Mohseni, Pedram; Whitlock, Sidney; Johnson, David M; Horne, April; Bennet, Kevin E; Lee, Kendall H; Garris, Paul A
2009-10-01
Emerging evidence supports the hypothesis that modulation of specific central neuronal systems contributes to the clinical efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) and motor cortex stimulation (MCS). Real-time monitoring of the neurochemical output of targeted regions may therefore advance functional neurosurgery by, among other goals, providing a strategy for investigation of mechanisms, identification of new candidate neurotransmitters, and chemically guided placement of the stimulating electrode. The authors report the development of a device called the Wireless Instantaneous Neurotransmitter Concentration System (WINCS) for intraoperative neurochemical monitoring during functional neurosurgery. This device supports fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) at a carbon-fiber microelectrode (CFM) for real-time, spatially and chemically resolved neurotransmitter measurements in the brain. The FSCV study consisted of a triangle wave scanned between -0.4 and 1 V at a rate of 300 V/second and applied at 10 Hz. All voltages were compared with an Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The CFM was constructed by aspirating a single carbon fiber (r = 2.5 mum) into a glass capillary and pulling the capillary to a microscopic tip by using a pipette puller. The exposed carbon fiber (that is, the sensing region) extended beyond the glass insulation by approximately 100 microm. The neurotransmitter dopamine was selected as the analyte for most trials. Proof-of-principle tests included in vitro flow injection and noise analysis, and in vivo measurements in urethane-anesthetized rats by monitoring dopamine release in the striatum following high-frequency electrical stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle. Direct comparisons were made to a conventional hardwired system. The WINCS, designed in compliance with FDA-recognized consensus standards for medical electrical device safety, consisted of 4 modules: 1) front-end analog circuit for FSCV (that is, current-to-voltage transducer); 2) Bluetooth transceiver; 3) microprocessor; and 4) direct-current battery. A Windows-XP laptop computer running custom software and equipped with a Universal Serial Bus-connected Bluetooth transceiver served as the base station. Computer software directed wireless data acquisition at 100 kilosamples/second and remote control of FSCV operation and adjustable waveform parameters. The WINCS provided reliable, high-fidelity measurements of dopamine and other neurochemicals such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and ascorbic acid by using FSCV at CFM and by flow injection analysis. In rats, the WINCS detected subsecond striatal dopamine release at the implanted sensor during high-frequency stimulation of ascending dopaminergic fibers. Overall, in vitro and in vivo testing demonstrated comparable signals to a conventional hardwired electrochemical system for FSCV. Importantly, the WINCS reduced susceptibility to electromagnetic noise typically found in an operating room setting. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the WINCS is well suited for intraoperative neurochemical monitoring. It is anticipated that neurotransmitter measurements at an implanted chemical sensor will prove useful for advancing functional neurosurgery.
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Bledsoe, Jonathan M.; Kimble, Christopher J.; Covey, Daniel P.; Blaha, Charles D.; Agnesi, Filippo; Mohseni, Pedram; Whitlock, Sidney; Johnson, David M.; Horne, April; Bennet, Kevin E.; Lee, Kendall H.; Garris, Paul A.
2009-01-01
Object Emerging evidence supports the hypothesis that modulation of specific central neuronal systems contributes to the clinical efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) and motor cortex stimulation (MCS). Real-time monitoring of the neurochemical output of targeted regions may therefore advance functional neurosurgery by, among other goals, providing a strategy for investigation of mechanisms, identification of new candidate neurotransmitters, and chemically guided placement of the stimulating electrode. The authors report the development of a device called the Wireless Instantaneous Neurotransmitter Concentration System (WINCS) for intraoperative neurochemical monitoring during functional neurosurgery. This device supports fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) at a carbon-fiber microelectrode (CFM) for real-time, spatially and chemically resolved neurotransmitter measurements in the brain. Methods The FSCV study consisted of a triangle wave scanned between −0.4 and 1 V at a rate of 300 V/second and applied at 10 Hz. All voltages were compared with an Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The CFM was constructed by aspirating a single carbon fiber (r = 2.5 μm) into a glass capillary and pulling the capillary to a microscopic tip by using a pipette puller. The exposed carbon fiber (that is, the sensing region) extended beyond the glass insulation by ~ 100 μm. The neurotransmitter dopamine was selected as the analyte for most trials. Proof-of-principle tests included in vitro flow injection and noise analysis, and in vivo measurements in urethane-anesthetized rats by monitoring dopamine release in the striatum following high-frequency electrical stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle. Direct comparisons were made to a conventional hardwired system. Results The WINCS, designed in compliance with FDA-recognized consensus standards for medical electrical device safety, consisted of 4 modules: 1) front-end analog circuit for FSCV (that is, current-to-voltage transducer); 2) Bluetooth transceiver; 3) microprocessor; and 4) direct-current battery. A Windows-XP laptop computer running custom software and equipped with a Universal Serial Bus–connected Bluetooth transceiver served as the base station. Computer software directed wireless data acquisition at 100 kilosamples/second and remote control of FSCV operation and adjustable waveform parameters. The WINCS provided reliable, high-fidelity measurements of dopamine and other neurochemicals such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and ascorbic acid by using FSCV at CFM and by flow injection analysis. In rats, the WINCS detected subsecond striatal dopamine release at the implanted sensor during high-frequency stimulation of ascending dopaminergic fibers. Overall, in vitro and in vivo testing demonstrated comparable signals to a conventional hardwired electrochemical system for FSCV. Importantly, the WINCS reduced susceptibility to electromagnetic noise typically found in an operating room setting. Conclusions Taken together, these results demonstrate that the WINCS is well suited for intraoperative neurochemical monitoring. It is anticipated that neurotransmitter measurements at an implanted chemical sensor will prove useful for advancing functional neurosurgery. PMID:19425890
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76 FR 77382 - Airworthiness Directives; Continental Motors, Inc. (CMI) Reciprocating Engines
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-12-13
..., Mobile, AL 36601; phone: (251) 438-3411, or go to: http://tcmlink.com/servicebulletins.cfm . You may.... For service information identified in this AD, contact Continental Motors, Inc., P.O. Box 90, Mobile, AL 36601; phone: (251) 438-3411, or go to: http://tcmlink.com/servicebulletins.cfm . Examining the AD...
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An investment guide for cooperative forest management in Pennsylvania
Robert S. Manthy; Robert S. Manthy
1970-01-01
Administrators of the Federal-State Cooperative Forest Management (CFM) program need sound investment guides for monitoring the efficiency of their program activities. This study, undertaken by the Northeastern Forest Experiment Station in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Forests and Waters, provides CFM program administrators with a portion of the data...
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Saboo, Sugandha; Taylor, Lynne S
2017-08-30
The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of confocal fluorescence microscopy (CFM) to study the water-induced phase separation of miconazole-poly (vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) (mico-PVPVA) amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), induced during preparation, upon storage at high relative humidity (RH) and during dissolution. Different fluorescent dyes were added to drug-polymer films and the location of the dyes was evaluated using CFM. Orthogonal techniques, in particular atomic force microscopy (AFM) coupled with nanoscale infrared spectroscopy (AFM-nanoIR), were used to provide additional analysis of the drug-polymer blends. The initial miscibility of mico-PVPVA ASDs prepared under low humidity conditions was confirmed by AFM-nanoIR. CFM enabled rapid identification of drug-rich and polymer-rich phases in phase separated films prepared under high humidity conditions. The identity of drug- and polymer-rich domains was confirmed using AFM-nanoIR imaging and localized IR spectroscopy, together with Lorentz contact resonance (LCR) measurements. The CFM technique was then utilized successfully to further investigate phase separation in mico-PVPVA films exposed to high RH storage and to visualize phase separation dynamics following film immersion in buffer. CFM is thus a promising new approach to study the phase behavior of ASDs, utilizing drug and polymer specific dyes to visualize the evolution of heterogeneity in films exposed to water. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Hong, Tianzhen; Fisk, William J.
2009-07-08
Demand controlled ventilation (DCV) was evaluated for general office spaces in California. A medium size office building meeting the prescriptive requirements of the 2008 California building energy efficiency standards (CEC 2008) was assumed in the building energy simulations performed with the EnergyPlus program to calculate the DCV energy savings potential in five typical California climates. Three design occupancy densities and two minimum ventilation rates were used as model inputs to cover a broader range of design variations. The assumed values of minimum ventilation rates in offices without DCV, based on two different measurement methods, were 81 and 28 cfm per occupant. These rates are based on the co-author's unpublished analyses of data from EPA's survey of 100 U.S. office buildings. These minimum ventilation rates exceed the 15 to 20 cfm per person required in most ventilation standards for offices. The cost effectiveness of applying DCV in general office spaces was estimated via a life cycle cost analyses that considered system costs and energy cost reductions. The results of the energy modeling indicate that the energy savings potential of DCV is largest in the desert area of California (climate zone 14), followed by Mountains (climate zone 16), Central Valley (climate zone 12), North Coast (climate zone 3), and South Coast (climate zone 6). The results of the life cycle cost analysis show DCV is cost effective for office spaces if the typical minimum ventilation rates without DCV is 81 cfm per person, except at the low design occupancy of 10 people per 1000 ft{sup 2} in climate zones 3 and 6. At the low design occupancy of 10 people per 1000 ft{sup 2}, the greatest DCV life cycle cost savings is a net present value (NPV) ofmore » $$0.52/ft{sup 2} in climate zone 14, followed by $$0.32/ft{sup 2} in climate zone 16 and $$0.19/ft{sup 2} in climate zone 12. At the medium design occupancy of 15 people per 1000 ft{sup 2}, the DCV savings are higher with a NPV $$0.93/ft{sup 2} in climate zone 14, followed by $$0.55/ft{sup 2} in climate zone 16, $$0.46/ft{sup 2} in climate zone 12, $$0.30/ft{sup 2} in climate zone 3, $$0.16/ft{sup 2} in climate zone 3. At the high design occupancy of 20 people per 1000 ft{sup 2}, the DCV savings are even higher with a NPV $$1.37/ft{sup 2} in climate zone 14, followed by $$0.86/ft{sup 2} in climate zone 16, $$0.84/ft{sup 2} in climate zone 3, $$0.82/ft{sup 2} in climate zone 12, and $0.65/ft{sup 2} in climate zone 6. DCV was not found to be cost effective if the typical minimum ventilation rate without DCV is 28 cfm per occupant, except at high design occupancy of 20 people per 1000 ft{sup 2} in climate zones 14 and 16. Until the large uncertainties about the base case ventilation rates in offices without DCV are reduced, the case for requiring DCV in general office spaces will be a weak case.« less
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Testing for Two-Way Interactions in the Multigroup Common Factor Model
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
van Smeden, Maarten; Hessen, David J.
2013-01-01
In this article, a 2-way multigroup common factor model (MG-CFM) is presented. The MG-CFM can be used to estimate interaction effects between 2 grouping variables on 1 or more hypothesized latent variables. For testing the significance of such interactions, a likelihood ratio test is presented. In a simulation study, the robustness of the…
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NASA cryogenic fluid management space experiment efforts, 1960-1990
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Glover, Daniel
1991-01-01
A history of technological development for subcritical cryogenic fluid management (CFM) through space experiments is given for the period 1960 to 1990. Space experiments with liquid hydrogen were conducted in the early 1960's. Efforts since then have consisted of studies and designs of potential space experiments. A chronology of CFM space experiments and design efforts is included.
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NASA cryogenic fluid management space experiment efforts
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Glover, Daniel
1991-01-01
A history of technological development for subcritical cryogenic fluid management (CFM) through space experiments is given for the period 1960 to 1990. Space experiments with liquid hydrogen were conducted in the early 1960s. Efforts since then have consisted of studies and designs of potential space experiments. A chronology of CFM space experiments and design efforts is included.
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Gose, Severin; Kong, Carol J; Lee, Yer; Samuel, Michael C; Bauer, Heidi M; Dixon, Paula; Soge, Olusegun O; Lei, John; Pandori, Mark
2013-12-01
We evaluated Neisseria gonorrhoeae Etest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) relative to agar dilution MICs for 664 urethral isolates for ceftriaxone (CRO) and azithromycin (AZM), 351 isolates for cefpodoxime (CPD) and 315 isolates for cefixime (CFM). Etest accurately determined CPD, CFM and AZM MICs, but resulted in higher CRO MICs.
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Performance assessment of U.S. residential cooking exhaust hoods.
Delp, William W; Singer, Brett C
2012-06-05
This study assessed the performance of seven new residential cooking exhaust hoods representing common U.S. designs. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine fan curves relating airflow to duct static pressure, sound levels, and exhaust gas capture efficiency for front and back cooktop burners and the oven. Airflow rate sensitivity to duct flow resistance was higher for axial fan devices than for centrifugal fan devices. Pollutant capture efficiency (CE) ranged from <15% to >98%, varying across hoods and with airflow and burner position for each hood. CE was higher for back burners relative to front burners, presumably because most hoods covered only part of the front burners. Open hoods had higher CE than those with grease screen and metal-covered bottoms. The device with the highest CE--exceeding 80% for oven and front burners--had a large, open hood that covered most of the front burners. The airflow rate for this hood surpassed the industry-recommended level of 118 L·s(-1) (250 cfm) and produced sound levels too high for normal conversation. For hoods meeting the sound and fan efficacy criteria for Energy Star, CE was <30% for front and oven burners.
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The effect of enzyme predigestion on the nutritional quality of prepressed turkey feather meal.
Barbour, G W; Werling, M; Yersin, A G; Lilburn, M S
2002-07-01
Three experiments were conducted to determine the protein efficiency ratio (PER), pepsin digestibility, TMEn, and true amino acid availability (TAAA) of prepressed turkey feather meal (PFM), enzyme-digested PFM (EPFM), and commercial feather meal (CFM). Turkey feathers from a commercial processing plant were mechanically pressed alone or mechanically pressed, followed by treatment with a mixture of protease, lipase, and amylase prior to autoclaving. In the first study, feather meal diets containing 16,20, or 24% CP from PFM, EPFM, or CFM were fed to starter poults for 10 d. All diets resulted in negative or negligible growth. In a second study, PFM, EPFM, and CFM were again the primary sources of CP, but dietary protein levels were increased to 20, 24, and 28% CP, and all diets contained 20% corn and 10% soybean meal (PFMCS, EPFMCS, CFMCS), respectively, to allow for a basal level of growth. Performance and PER of the poults fed the diets with PFMCS, EPFMCS, and CFMCS were similar. The efficiency of use of the PFMCS diet was numerically lower (P < or = 0.1) when compared with the EPFMCS and CFMCS diets. Similarly, pepsin digestibilities of EPFM and CFM were higher than PFM. The TAAA of PFM (82.1%) and EPFM (80.6%) were not significantly higher than that of CFM (71.4%); however, the availabilities of lysine, threonine, aspartate, glutamate, proline, and histidine were significantly higher. Digestion of pressed turkey feathers with an enzyme mixture prior to autoclaving could have a positive impact on its protein and amino acid nutritional values.
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Chan, Aileen W K; Tang, Fiona W K; Choi, Kai Chow; Liu, Ting; Taylor-Piliae, Ruth E
2018-06-05
Clinical practicum is a major learning component for pre-registration nursing students. Various clinical practicum models have been used to facilitate students' clinical learning experiences, employing both university-based and hospital-based clinical teachers. Considering the strengths and limitations of these clinical practicum models, along with nursing workforce shortages, we developed and tested an innovative clinical partnership model (CPM) in Hong Kong. To evaluate an innovative CPM among nursing students actual and preferred clinical learning environment, compared with a conventional facilitation model (CFM). A non-randomized controlled trial examining students' clinical experiences, comparing the CPM (supervised by hospital clinical teacher) with the CFM (supervised by university clinical teacher). One university in Hong Kong. Pre-registration nursing students (N = 331), including bachelor of nursing (n = 246 year three-BN) and masters-entry nursing (n = 85 year one-MNSP). Students were assigned to either the CPM (n = 48 BN plus n = 85 MNSP students) or the CFM (n = 198 BN students) for their clinical practice experiences in an acute medical-surgical ward. Clinical teachers supervised between 6 and 8 students at a time, during these clinical practicums (duration = 4-6 weeks). At the end of the clinical practicum, students were invited to complete the Clinical Learning Environment Inventory (CLEI). Analysis of covariance was used to compare groups; adjusted for age, gender and prior work experience. A total of 259 students (mean age = 22 years, 76% female, 81% prior work experience) completed the CLEI (78% response rate). Students had higher scores on preferred versus actual experiences, in all domains of the CLEI. CPM student experiences indicated a higher preferred task orientation (p = 0.004), while CFM student experiences indicated a higher actual (p < 0.001) and preferred individualization (p = 0.005). No significant differences were noted in the other domains. The CPM draws on the strengths of existing clinical learning models and provides complementary methods to facilitate clinical learning for pre-registration nursing students. Additional studies examining this CPM with longer duration of clinical practicum are recommended. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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75 FR 8471 - Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Model A340-200 and A340-300 Series Airplanes
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-02-25
... condition as: A review of A340 missions has demonstrated that CFM56-5C forward engine mount thrust links... thrust link would reduce the forward engine mounts' structural integrity and could eventually lead to... products. The MCAI states: A review of A340 missions has demonstrated that CFM56-5C forward engine mount...
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Cryogenic Orbital Nitrogen Experiment (CONE): Phase A/B design study
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Bailey, William J.; Weiner, Stephen P.; Beekman, Douglas H.
1991-01-01
Subcritical cryogenic fluid management (CFM) has long been recognized as an enabling technology for future space missions. Subcritical liquid storage and supply are two of the five CFM technology areas that need to be studied in the low gravity on-orbit environment. The Cryogenic Orbital Nitrogen Experiment (CONE) is a LN2 cryogenic storage and supply system demonstration placed in orbit by the National Space Transportation System (NSTS) Orbiter and operated as an in-bay payload. In-space demonstration of CFM using LN2 with a few well defined areas of focus would provide the confidence level required to implement subcritical cryogen use and is the first step towards the more far reaching issue of cryogen transfer and tankage resupply. A conceptual approach for CONE was developed and an overview of the program is described including the following: (1) a description of the background and scope of the technology objectives; (2) a description of the payload design and operation; and (3) the justification for CONE relating to potential near term benefits and risk mitigation for future systems. Data and criteria is provided to correlate in-space performance with analytical and numerical modeling of CFM systems.
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Akamani, Kofi; Hall, Troy Elizabeth
2015-01-01
This study tested a proposed community resilience model by investigating the role of institutions, capital assets, community and socio-demographic variables as determinants of households' participation in Ghana's collaborative forest management (CFM) program and outcomes of the program. Quantitative survey data were gathered from 209 randomly selected households from two forest-dependent communities. Regression analysis shows that households' participation in the CFM program was predicted by community location, past connections with institutions, and past bonding social capital. Community location and past capitals were the strongest predictors of the outcomes of the CFM program as judged by current levels of capitals. Participation in the CFM program also had a positive effect on human capital but had minimal impact on the other capitals influencing household well-being and resilience, suggesting that the impact of co-management on household resilience may be modest. In all, the findings highlight the need for co-management policies to pay attention to the historical context of community interaction processes influencing access to capital assets and local institutions to successfully promote equitable resilience. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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1983-06-01
60 References ........................................................... 79 AccesSqlon For NTIS rFA&I r"!’ TAU U: .,P Dist r A. -. S iv...separate exhaust nozzles for discharge of fan and turbine exhaust flows (e.g., JT15D, TFE731 , ALF-502, CF34, JT3D, CFM56, RB.211, CF6, JT9D, and PW2037...minimum radial distance from the effective source of sound at 40 Hz should then be approxi- mately 69 m. At 60 Hz, the minimum radial distance should be
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Water mass modification at the Agulhas retroflection: chlorofluoromethane studies
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Fine, Rana A.; Warner, Mark J.; Weiss, Ray F.
1988-03-01
Chlorofluoromethane (CFM) and hydrographic data from the 1983 Agulhas Retroflection cruise are used to show the importance of the region in ventilating thermocline and Intermediate Waters of the southwest Indian ocean gyre. Generally South Atlantic waters are more recently ventilated by at least two years than those of the South Indian Ocean, probably because the latter are farther downstream from the source regions near the South Atlantic subantarctic sector. A two-component mixing model shows that the outflow from the Agulhas Retroflection (14-4°C) was composed of South Indian water and at least 23% South Atlantic water. However, at the density of Indian sector Subantarctic Mode Water the inflow into the Agulhas Retroflection was well preserved in the outflow, and the South Atlantic and Indian waters appear to be ventilated by different water masses. In addition, strong interleaving was found throughout the survey area (between 14 and 4°C), characterized by correlations of negative salinity anomalies with high CFM concentrations. At the density of Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) there was interleaving of both low salinity water and higher salinity Red Sea Water. Using estimates of past atmospheric ratios of two CFMs, we calculate that AAIW within the retroflection was 50-75% diluted by mixing with CFM-free water since leaving the source region. Results from the two-component mixing model, which show substantial contributions of South Atlantic water in the outflow, suggest that the return flow for the 10 Sv leakage of Indian Ocean water via the Agulhas Current into the South Atlantic [ GORDON (1985) Science, 227, 1030-1033; GORDONet al. (1987) Deep-Sea Research, 34, 565-600] is occurring at thermocline and intermediate depths. A combination of active mixing in this region and similarity in the ventilation processes may be the reason that the South Atlantic and Indian thermoclines are coincident in temperature and salinity space (between 15 and 7°C) as noted by Gordon.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Hedayat, A.; Cartagena, W.; Majumdar, A. K.; LeClair, A. C.
2016-03-01
NASA's future missions may require long-term storage and transfer of cryogenic propellants. The Engineering Development Unit (EDU), a NASA in-house effort supported by both Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) and Glenn Research Center, is a cryogenic fluid management (CFM) test article that primarily serves as a manufacturing pathfinder and a risk reduction task for a future CFM payload. The EDU test article comprises a flight-like tank, internal components, insulation, and attachment struts. The EDU is designed to perform integrated passive thermal control performance testing with liquid hydrogen (LH2) in a test-like vacuum environment. A series of tests, with LH2 as a testing fluid, was conducted at Test Stand 300 at MSFC during the summer of 2014. The objective of this effort was to develop a thermal/fluid model for evaluating the thermodynamic behavior of the EDU tank during the chill and fill processes. The Generalized Fluid System Simulation Program, an MSFC in-house general-purpose computer program for flow network analysis, was utilized to model and simulate the chill and fill portion of the testing. The model contained the LH2 supply source, feed system, EDU tank, and vent system. The test setup, modeling description, and comparison of model predictions with the test data are presented.
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Modeling and Analysis of Chill and Fill Processes for the EDU Tank
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Hedayat, A.; Cartagena, W.; Majumdar, A. K.; Leclair, A. C.
2015-01-01
NASA's future missions may require long-term storage and transfer of cryogenic propellants. The Engineering Development Unit (EDU), a NASA in-house effort supported by both Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) and Glenn Research Center (GRC), is a Cryogenic Fluid Management (CFM) test article that primarily serves as a manufacturing pathfinder and a risk reduction task for a future CFM payload. The EDU test article, comprises a flight like tank, internal components, insulation, and attachment struts. The EDU is designed to perform integrated passive thermal control performance testing with liquid hydrogen in a space-like vacuum environment. A series of tests, with liquid hydrogen as a testing fluid, was conducted at Test Stand 300 at MSFC during summer of 2014. The objective of this effort was to develop a thermal/fluid model for evaluating the thermodynamic behavior of the EDU tank during the chill and fill processes. Generalized Fluid System Simulation Program (GFSSP), an MSFC in-house general-purpose computer program for flow network analysis, was utilized to model and simulate the chill and fill portion of the testing. The model contained the liquid hydrogen supply source, feed system, EDU tank, and vent system. The modeling description and comparison of model predictions with the test data will be presented in the final paper.
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Chromate Free Magnesium Gearbox Protection System
2014-11-01
default.cfm?page=375 Ref 5: Rolls-Royce Front Frame example Ref 6: http://www.volksworld.com/blog/staff-blogs/jons-blog/stripping- down-a-donor- beetle ...www.fwtec.com/FW/nanosolution.html# Ref 10 http://www.arl.army.mil/www/default.cfm?page=375 Ref 5: Rolls-Royce Front Frame example Ref 6: http://www.volksworld.com/blog/staff-blogs/jons-blog/stripping- down-a-donor- beetle -engine/
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Components of cross-frequency modulation in health and disease.
Allen, Elena A; Liu, Jingyu; Kiehl, Kent A; Gelernter, Joel; Pearlson, Godfrey D; Perrone-Bizzozero, Nora I; Calhoun, Vince D
2011-01-01
The cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia are commonly believed to arise from the abnormal temporal integration of information, however a quantitative approach to assess network coordination is lacking. Here, we propose to use cross-frequency modulation (cfM), the dependence of local high-frequency activity on the phase of widespread low-frequency oscillations, as an indicator of network coordination and functional integration. In an exploratory analysis based on pre-existing data, we measured cfM from multi-channel EEG recordings acquired while schizophrenia patients (n = 47) and healthy controls (n = 130) performed an auditory oddball task. Novel application of independent component analysis (ICA) to modulation data delineated components with specific spatial and spectral profiles, the weights of which showed covariation with diagnosis. Global cfM was significantly greater in healthy controls (F(1,175) = 9.25, P < 0.005), while modulation at fronto-temporal electrodes was greater in patients (F(1,175) = 17.5, P < 0.0001). We further found that the weights of schizophrenia-relevant components were associated with genetic polymorphisms at previously identified risk loci. Global cfM decreased with copies of 957C allele in the gene for the dopamine D2 receptor (r = -0.20, P < 0.01) across all subjects. Additionally, greater "aberrant" fronto-temporal modulation in schizophrenia patients was correlated with several polymorphisms in the gene for the α2-subunit of the GABA(A) receptor (GABRA2) as well as the total number of risk alleles in GABRA2 (r = 0.45, P < 0.01). Overall, our results indicate great promise for this approach in establishing patterns of cfM in health and disease and elucidating the roles of oscillatory interactions in functional connectivity.
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DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Cain, W.S.; Isseroff, R.; Leaderer, B.P.
1981-04-01
Experiments on occupancy odor addressed the question of why required ventilation rate per occupant increased progressively with increases in the number of persons in a space. In order to investigate ventilation requirements under approximately ideal conditions, we constructed an aluminum-lined environmental chamber with excellent control over environmental conditions and a ventilation system that provided rapid and uniform mixing of air. Psychophysical experiments on occupancy odor explored 47 different combinations of occupancy density, temperature and humidity, and ventilation rate. The experiments collected judgements both from visitors, who smelled air from the chamber only once every few minutes, and from occupants, whomore » remained in the chamber for an hour at a time. The judgements of visitors revealed that occupancy odor increased only gradually over time and rarely reached very high or objectionable levels. Judgements of occupants also revealed rather minor dissatisfaction. Only during combinations of high temperature and humidity did objectionability become more than a minor issue to either group. Experiments on cigarette smoking explored rates of 4, 8, and 16 cigarettes per hour under various environmental conditions and with ventilation rates as high as 68 cfm (34 L.s/sup -1/) per occupant. As soon as occupants lit cigarettes in the chamber, the odor level increased dramatically. At ventilation rates far greater than necessary to control occupancy odor, the odor from cigarette smoking remained quite intense. In general, the odor proved impossible to control adequately even with a ventilation rate of 68 cfm (34 L.s/sup -1/) per occupant (4 occupants) and even when only one occupant smoked at a time. As in the case of occupancy odor, a combination of high temperature and humidity exacerbated the odor problem.« less
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77 FR 10952 - Airworthiness Directives; CFM International S.A. Model CFM56 Turbofan Engines
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-02-24
.../N) and serial number (SN) high-pressure compressor (HPC) 4-9 spools installed. In Table 1 of the AD, the HPC 4-9 spool SN GWN05AMO in the 2nd column of the Table is incorrect. This document corrects that...), currently requires removing certain HPC 4-9 spools listed by P/N and SN in the AD. As published, in Table 1...
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Gose, Severin; Kong, Carol J; Lee, Yer; Samuel, Michael C; Bauer, Heidi M; Dixon, Paula; Soge, Olusegun O; Lei, John; Pandori, Mark
2013-10-24
We evaluated Neisseria gonorrhoeae Etest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) relative to agar dilution MICs for 664 urethral isolates for ceftriaxone (CRO) and azithromycin (AZM), 351 isolates for cefpodoxime (CPD) and 315 isolates for cefixime (CFM). Etest accurately determined CPD, CFM and AZM MICs, but resulted in higher CRO MICs. © 2013. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Unmanned. Evaluation of Bauer High Pressure Breathing Air P-5 Purification System
1991-08-01
suspended in the compressed air . The molecular sieve is made to adsorb oil and water vapors. The second cylinder uses cartridge No. 058825 and is a...during compressor start up. This provides for optimum filtering, moisture separation and prevents compressed air return from the charged air storage...reciprocating, air -cooled unit. The compressor is rated to deliver 20 cfm of free air compressed to 5000 psig. - .. .. . .. ’,= .• .. . .. . -. . I
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Cryogenic Fluid Management Technology and Nuclear Thermal Propulsion
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Taylor, Brian D.; Caffrey, Jarvis; Hedayat, Ali; Stephens, Jonathan; Polsgrove, Robert
2016-01-01
Cryogenic fluid management (CFM) is critical to the success of future nuclear thermal propulsion powered vehicles. While this is an issue for any propulsion system utilizing cryogenic propellants, this is made more challenging by the radiation flux produced by the reactor in a nuclear thermal rocket (NTR). Managing the cryogenic fuel to prevent propellant loss to boil off and leakage is needed to limit the required quantity of propellant to a reasonable level. Analysis shows deposition of energy into liquid hydrogen fuel tanks in the vicinity of the nuclear thermal engine. This is on top of ambient environment sources of heat. Investments in cryogenic/thermal management systems (some of which are ongoing at various organizations) are needed in parallel to nuclear thermal engine development in order to one day see the successful operation of an entire stage. High durability, low thermal conductivity insulation is one developmental need. Light weight cryocoolers capable of removing heat from large fluid volumes at temperatures as low as approx. 20 K are needed to remove heat leak from the propellant of an NTR. Valve leakage is an additional CFM issue of great importance. Leakage rates of state of the art, launch vehicle size valves (which is approximately the size valves needed for a Mars transfer vehicle) are quite high and would result in large quantities of lost propellant over a long duration mission. Additionally, the liquid acquisition system inside the propellant tank must deliver properly conditioned propellant to the feed line for successful engine operation and avoid intake of warm or gaseous propellant. Analysis of the thermal environment and the CFM technology development are discussed in the accompanying presentation.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-05-04
... high-pressure compressor (HPC) of both engines. That AD also requires removing from service any engine... monitoring of EGT margin deterioration on engines in service to prevent two engines on an airplane from... 75 [deg]C; Removes FADEC software version 5.B.Q and earlier versions from the engine as mandatory...
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No-reference image quality assessment based on statistics of convolution feature maps
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Lv, Xiaoxin; Qin, Min; Chen, Xiaohui; Wei, Guo
2018-04-01
We propose a Convolutional Feature Maps (CFM) driven approach to accurately predict image quality. Our motivation bases on the finding that the Nature Scene Statistic (NSS) features on convolution feature maps are significantly sensitive to distortion degree of an image. In our method, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is trained to obtain kernels for generating CFM. We design a forward NSS layer which performs on CFM to better extract NSS features. The quality aware features derived from the output of NSS layer is effective to describe the distortion type and degree an image suffered. Finally, a Support Vector Regression (SVR) is employed in our No-Reference Image Quality Assessment (NR-IQA) model to predict a subjective quality score of a distorted image. Experiments conducted on two public databases demonstrate the promising performance of the proposed method is competitive to state of the art NR-IQA methods.
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Cryogenic Fluid Management Technologies for Advanced Green Propulsion Systems
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Motil, Susan M.; Meyer, Michael L.; Tucker, Stephen P.
2007-01-01
In support of the Exploration Vision for returning to the Moon and beyond, NASA and its partners are developing and testing critical cryogenic fluid propellant technologies that will meet the need for high performance propellants on long-term missions. Reliable knowledge of low-gravity cryogenic fluid management behavior is lacking and yet is critical in the areas of tank thermal and pressure control, fluid acquisition, mass gauging, and fluid transfer. Such knowledge can significantly reduce or even eliminate tank fluid boil-off losses for long term missions, reduce propellant launch mass and required on-orbit margins, and simplify vehicle operations. The Propulsion and Cryogenic Advanced Development (PCAD) Project is performing experimental and analytical evaluation of several areas within Cryogenic Fluid Management (CFM) to enable NASA's Exploration Vision. This paper discusses the status of the PCAD CFM technology focus areas relative to the anticipated CFM requirements to enable execution of the Vision for Space Exploration.
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Regional Patterns and Spatial Clusters of Nonstationarities in Annual Peak Instantaneous Streamflow
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
White, K. D.; Baker, B.; Mueller, C.; Villarini, G.; Foley, P.; Friedman, D.
2017-12-01
Information about hydrologic changes resulting from changes in climate, land use, and land cover is a necessity planning and design or water resources infrastructure. The United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) evaluated and selected 12 methods to detect abrupt and slowly varying nonstationarities in records of maximum peak annual flows. They deployed a publicly available tool[1]in 2016 and a guidance document in 2017 to support identification of nonstationarities in a reproducible manner using a robust statistical framework. This statistical framework has now been applied to streamflow records across the continental United States to explore the presence of regional patterns and spatial clusters of nonstationarities in peak annual flow. Incorporating this geographic dimension into the detection of nonstationarities provides valuable insight for the process of attribution of these significant changes. This poster summarizes the methods used and provides the results of the regional analysis. [1] Available here - http://www.corpsclimate.us/ptcih.cfm
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Repurposing a Benchtop Centrifuge for High-Throughput Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy.
Yang, Darren; Wong, Wesley P
2018-01-01
We present high-throughput single-molecule manipulation using a benchtop centrifuge, overcoming limitations common in other single-molecule approaches such as high cost, low throughput, technical difficulty, and strict infrastructure requirements. An inexpensive and compact Centrifuge Force Microscope (CFM) adapted to a commercial centrifuge enables use by nonspecialists, and integration with DNA nanoswitches facilitates both reliable measurements and repeated molecular interrogation. Here, we provide detailed protocols for constructing the CFM, creating DNA nanoswitch samples, and carrying out single-molecule force measurements.
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DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Sharma, Richa; Tandon, R. P., E-mail: ram-tandon@hotmail.com
In the present work, (1-x)Ba{sub 0.95}Sr{sub 0.05}TiO{sub 3}-(x)CoFe{sub 1.8}Mn{sub 0.2}O{sub 4} composites are prepared by standard solid state reaction method. The X-ray diffraction measurement of the composites shows that both the phases coexist in the composite, individually. The morphology of the composites were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy and reveals homogeneous microstructure with two types of grains, smaller grains of the Ba{sub 0.95}Sr{sub 0.05}TiO{sub 3} (BST) and bigger grains of the CoFe{sub 1.8}Mn{sub 0.2}O{sub 4} (CFM). The dielectric studies show that all the composites exhibit dispersion in the lower frequency region attributable to the interfacial polarization. In addition,more » at lower frequencies, the dielectric constant (ε´) is found to increase with increase in CFM content in the composites. The ferromagnetic properties of the composites improve with the increase in the CFM content.« less
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Izart, Alain; Tahiri, Abdelfatah; El Boursoumi, Abdou; Vachard, Daniel; Saidi, Mariam; Chèvremont, Philippe; Berkhli, Mostafa
2001-02-01
New Visean formations and biozones of foraminifera were defined on the Bouqachmir map. The new biozonation concerns the Moroccan biozone, Cfm1, which is subdivided into two subzones, Cfm1a and Cfm1b. This map exhibited, from north-west to south-east, the Tilouine, Bouqachmir-Tougouroulmès and Fourhal turbiditic basins. The first one, from Tournaisian to Late Visean, was the equivalent of the Sidi Bettache basin, located westwards. The second extended the Tilouine basin eastwards during the Visean. The third was a basin from Visean to Westphalian. They were separated by the Zaer-Oulmes and El Hammam horsts, else emerged or immersed, bordered by faults and with materials feeding chaotic deposits.
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Han, Pengfei; Zhang, Wen; Wang, Guocheng; Sun, Wenjuan; Huang, Yao
2016-01-01
Cropland soil organic carbon (SOC) is undergoing substantial alterations due to both environmental and anthropogenic changes. Although numerous case studies have been conducted, there remains a lack of quantification of the consequences of such environmental and anthropogenic changes on the SOC sequestration across global agricultural systems. Here, we conducted a global meta-analysis of SOC changes under different fertilizer managements, namely unbalanced application of chemical fertilizers (UCF), balanced application of chemical fertilizers (CF), chemical fertilizers with straw application (CFS), and chemical fertilizers with manure application (CFM). We show that topsoil organic carbon (C) increased by 0.9 (0.7–1.0, 95% confidence interval (CI)) g kg−1 (10.0%, relative change, hereafter the same), 1.7 (1.2–2.3) g kg−1 (15.4%), 2.0 (1.9–2.2) g kg−1 (19.5%) and 3.5 (3.2–3.8) g kg−1 (36.2%) under UCF, CF, CFS and CFM, respectively. The C sequestration durations were estimated as 28–73 years under CFS and 26–117 years under CFM but with high variability across climatic regions. At least 2.0 Mg ha−1 yr−1 C input is needed to maintain the SOC in ~85% cases. We highlight a great C sequestration potential of applying CF, and adopting CFS and CFM is highly important for either improving or maintaining current SOC stocks across all agro–ecosystems. PMID:27251021
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Effect of Water on Axial Flow Compressors. Part I. Analysis and Predictions.
1981-06-01
MAIN 21 REAL NDNUKAM,MMASSMMASSl MAIN 22 REAL MMASSO MAIN 23 COMMON TD(7),IUMIT MAIM 24 COMMON CFL, CFT , CFP, CFD, CFM, CFU, CFA MAIN 25 COMMON JPERFM...MAIN 155 1519 FORMAT(6F5.2) MAIM 156 READ(5,1520) (BET2SS(I)vlIN51) MAIN 157 1520 FORMAT(7F5.2) MAIN 158 CFL=2. 54 MAIM 159 CFT =1.0.8 MAIM 160 CFP=47...SC( I)*CFL MAIN 183 SRTIP( I )SRTIP( I)*CFL MAIM 184 SAREAS( I )SAREAS( I)*CFA MAIN 185 1570 CONTINUE MAIM 186 T0C=TOG’CFT MAIN 187 TOW=TOW* CFT MAIM
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Worldwide Emerging Environmental Issues Affecting the U.S. Military. November 2007 Report
2007-11-01
Economist.com, Nov 19th 2007, DELHI http://www.economist.com/daily/news/displaystory.cfm?story_id=10163828&top_story=1 Andes water supply in peril...Economist.com, Nov 19th 2007, DELHI http://www.economist.com/daily/news/displaystory.cfm?story_id=10163828&top_story=1 Andes water supply in peril, scientists...Committee………………………………...3 Item 6. Reducing Military Footprint with Solar Energy at 30 Cents per Watt……………...4 Item 7. Updates on Previously Identified
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Aircraft emissions of methane and nitrous oxide during the alternative aviation fuel experiment.
Santoni, Gregory W; Lee, Ben H; Wood, Ezra C; Herndon, Scott C; Miake-Lye, Richard C; Wofsy, Steven C; McManus, J Barry; Nelson, David D; Zahniser, Mark S
2011-08-15
Given the predicted growth of aviation and the recent developments of alternative aviation fuels, quantifying methane (CH(4)) and nitrous oxide (N(2)O) emission ratios for various aircraft engines and fuels can help constrain projected impacts of aviation on the Earth's radiative balance. Fuel-based emission indices for CH(4) and N(2)O were quantified from CFM56-2C1 engines aboard the NASA DC-8 aircraft during the first Alternative Aviation Fuel Experiment (AAFEX-I) in 2009. The measurements of JP-8 fuel combustion products indicate that at low thrust engine states (idle and taxi, or 4% and 7% maximum rated thrusts, respectively) the engines emit both CH(4) and N(2)O at a mean ± 1σ rate of 170 ± 160 mg CH(4) (kg Fuel)(-1) and 110 ± 50 mg N(2)O (kg Fuel)(-1), respectively. At higher thrust levels corresponding to greater fuel flow and higher engine temperatures, CH(4) concentrations in engine exhaust were lower than ambient concentrations. Average emission indices for JP-8 fuel combusted at engine thrusts between 30% and 100% of maximum rating were -54 ± 33 mg CH(4) (kg Fuel)(-1) and 32 ± 18 mg N(2)O (kg Fuel)(-1), where the negative sign indicates consumption of atmospheric CH(4) in the engine. Emission factors for the synthetic Fischer-Tropsch fuels were statistically indistinguishable from those for JP-8.
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A Wireless FSCV Monitoring IC With Analog Background Subtraction and UWB Telemetry.
Dorta-Quiñones, Carlos I; Wang, Xiao Y; Dokania, Rajeev K; Gailey, Alycia; Lindau, Manfred; Apsel, Alyssa B
2016-04-01
A 30-μW wireless fast-scan cyclic voltammetry monitoring integrated circuit for ultra-wideband (UWB) transmission of dopamine release events in freely-behaving small animals is presented. On-chip integration of analog background subtraction and UWB telemetry yields a 32-fold increase in resolution versus standard Nyquist-rate conversion alone, near a four-fold decrease in the volume of uplink data versus single-bit, third-order, delta-sigma modulation, and more than a 20-fold reduction in transmit power versus narrowband transmission for low data rates. The 1.5- mm(2) chip, which was fabricated in 65-nm CMOS technology, consists of a low-noise potentiostat frontend, a two-step analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and an impulse-radio UWB transmitter (TX). The duty-cycled frontend and ADC/UWB-TX blocks draw 4 μA and 15 μA from 3-V and 1.2-V supplies, respectively. The chip achieves an input-referred current noise of 92 pA(rms) and an input current range of ±430 nA at a conversion rate of 10 kHz. The packaged device operates from a 3-V coin-cell battery, measures 4.7 × 1.9 cm(2), weighs 4.3 g (including the battery and antenna), and can be carried by small animals. The system was validated by wirelessly recording flow-injection of dopamine with concentrations in the range of 250 nM to 1 μM with a carbon-fiber microelectrode (CFM) using 300-V/s FSCV.
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A Wireless FSCV Monitoring IC with Analog Background Subtraction and UWB Telemetry
Dorta-Quiñones, Carlos I.; Wang, Xiao Y.; Dokania, Rajeev K.; Gailey, Alycia; Lindau, Manfred; Apsel, Alyssa B.
2015-01-01
A 30-μW wireless fast-scan cyclic voltammetry monitoring integrated circuit for ultra-wideband (UWB) transmission of dopamine release events in freely-behaving small animals is presented. On-chip integration of analog background subtraction and UWB telemetry yields a 32-fold increase in resolution versus standard Nyquist-rate conversion alone, near a four-fold decrease in the volume of uplink data versus single-bit, third-order, delta-sigma modulation, and more than a 20-fold reduction in transmit power versus narrowband transmission for low data rates. The 1.5-mm2 chip, which was fabricated in 65-nm CMOS technology, consists of a low-noise potentiostat frontend, a two-step analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and an impulse-radio UWB transmitter (TX). The duty-cycled frontend and ADC/UWB-TX blocks draw 4 μA and 15 μA from 3-V and 1.2-V supplies, respectively. The chip achieves an input-referred current noise of 92 pArms and an input current range of ±430 nA at a conversion rate of 10 kHz. The packaged device operates from a 3-V coin-cell battery, measures 4.7 × 1.9 cm2, weighs 4.3 g (including the battery and antenna), and can be carried by small animals. The system was validated by wirelessly recording flow-injection of dopamine with concentrations in the range of 250 nM to 1 μM with a carbon-fiber microelectrode (CFM) using 300-V/s FSCV. PMID:26057983
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Zimmerli, Gregory; Fischer, David; Asipauskas, Marius; Chauhan, Chirag; Compitello, Nicole; Burke, Jamie; Tate, Melissa Knothe
2004-01-01
One of the more-serious side effects of extended space flight is an accelerated bone loss [Bioastronautics Critical Path Roadmap, http://research.hq.nasa.gov/code_u/bcpr/index.cfm]. Rates of bone loss are highest in the weight-bearing bones of the hip and spine regions, and the average rate of bone loss as measured by bone mineral density measurements is around 1.2% per month for persons in a microgravity environment. It shows that an extrapolation of the microgravity induced bone loss rates to longer time scales, such as a 2.5 year round-trip to Mars (6 months out at 0 g, 1.5 year stay on Mars at 0.38 g, 6 months back at 0 g), could severely compromise the skeletal system of such a person.
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CRYOTE (Cryogenic Orbital Testbed) Concept
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Gravlee, Mari; Kutter, Bernard; Wollen, Mark; Rhys, Noah; Walls, Laurie
2009-01-01
Demonstrating cryo-fluid management (CFM) technologies in space is critical for advances in long duration space missions. Current space-based cryogenic propulsion is viable for hours, not the weeks to years needed by space exploration and space science. CRYogenic Orbital TEstbed (CRYOTE) provides an affordable low-risk environment to demonstrate a broad array of critical CFM technologies that cannot be tested in Earth's gravity. These technologies include system chilldown, transfer, handling, health management, mixing, pressure control, active cooling, and long-term storage. United Launch Alliance is partnering with Innovative Engineering Solutions, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and others to develop CRYOTE to fly as an auxiliary payload between the primary payload and the Centaur upper stage on an Atlas V rocket. Because satellites are expensive, the space industry is largely risk averse to incorporating unproven systems or conducting experiments using flight hardware that is supporting a primary mission. To minimize launch risk, the CRYOTE system will only activate after the primary payload is separated from the rocket. Flying the testbed as an auxiliary payload utilizes Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle performance excess to cost-effectively demonstrate enhanced CFM.
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Centaur Test Bed (CTB) for Cryogenic Fluid Management
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Sakla, Steven; Kutter, Bernard; Wall, John
2006-01-01
Future missions such as NASA s space exploration vision and DOD satellite servicing will require significant increases in the understanding and knowledge of space based cryogenic fluid management (CFM), including the transfer and storage of cryogenic fluids. Existing CFM capabilities are based on flight of upper stage cryogenic vehicles, scientific dewars, a few dedicated flight demonstrations and ground testing. This current capability is inadequate to support development of the CEV cryogenic propulsion system, other aspects of robust space exploration or the refueling of satellite cryo propulsion systems with reasonable risk. In addition, these technologies can provide significant performance increases for missions beyond low-earth orbit to enable manned missions to the Moon and beyond. The Centaur upper-stage vehicle can provide a low cost test platform for performing numerous flight demonstrations of the full breadth of required CFM technologies to support CEV development. These flight demonstrations can be performed as secondary mission objectives using excess LH2 and/or LO2 from the main vehicle propellant tanks following primary spacecraft separation at minimal cost and risk.
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System design description for portable 1,000 CFM exhauster Skids POR-007/Skid E and POR-008/Skid F
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Nelson, O.D.
1998-07-25
The primary purpose of the two 1,000 CFM Exhauster Skids, POR-007-SKID E and POR-008-SKID F, is to provide backup to the waste tank primary ventilation systems for tanks 241-C-106 and 241-AY-102, and the AY-102 annulus in the event of a failure during the sluicing of tank 241-C-106 and subsequent transfer of sluiced waste to 241-AY-102. This redundancy is required since both of the tank ventilation systems have been declared as Safety Class systems.
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737/CFM56-7 Aircraft Engine Systems
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Wright, Steve; Shiosaki, Justin
2006-01-01
The configuration of the propulsion system engine externals must meet many airplane requirements such as cost, thrust, weight, range and systems power extraction. On the 737-700 several program requirements also played a major role in the development of the engine externals. These program goals were increased range, same cost as a 1994 737-300, 15% reduction in maintenance costs from the 737-300, and a propulsion package that appeared as if it was designed by one company. This presentation will show how these requirements shaped the design of the engine externals for the 737-700/CFM56-7B.
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Development of an Advanced Fan Blade Containment System
1989-08-01
TFE731 -2 4500 28.2 30 CFM56-2 24000 70.5 44 PW2037 38250 78.5 36 JT9D-7 45600 93.4 46 CF6-6D 45750 86.4 38 RB211-524D4 53000 86.3 33 JT9D-7R4G 54750 94.9...THRUST MODEL (LB) TIP IMPACT BAEIMPACT I MACT F109 1,330 3.172 2.158 0.854 TFE731 -5 4,500 4.455 3.019 0.983 CFM56-2 24,000 10.900 7.398 1.864 FIGURE 7
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Nutritional value of enzyme- or sodium hydroxide-treated feathers from dead hens.
Kim, W K; Patterson, P H
2000-04-01
Two feather digestion processes to remove the feathers from the carcasses of dead hens were evaluated for their impact on the nutritional quality of the resulting feather meal. There were three treatments: control (untreated feathers), a feather-digesting enzyme, and NaOH treatment. Both enzyme- and NaOH-treated feathers were easily separated from the hen carcasses. The CP level of enzyme-treated feathers after autoclaving (49.90%) was significantly less than the control and NaOH-treated feathers (94.48 and 87.31%, respectively) because of elevated ether extract levels resulting from skin and abdominal fat release during the 12-h enzyme incubation. Before autoclaving, pepsin digestibilities of enzyme- and NaOH-treated feathers were significantly higher than the control. However, after autoclaving, no significant difference was found in pepsin digestibility between the control and enzyme treatments or control and NaOH treatments. The typical limiting amino acids, methionine, lysine, and histidine, in feathers were present at greater levels in the resulting enzyme-feather meal (E-FM) compared with the NaOH-feather meal (N-FM) or control-feather meal (C-FM) on a percentage of CP basis. Cystine levels, however, were significantly lower in the E-FM and N-FM compared with that of the C-FM. In chick bioassays, no significant differences were found in protein efficiency ratio (PER) and net protein ratio (NPR) among C-FM, E-FM, and N-FM. The AMEn of E-FM (4.52 kcal/g) was significantly higher than the C-FM (3.58) or N-FM (2.79). These findings indicated that although enzyme treatment could improve the nutritional quality of feathers from dead hens, NaOH treatment was a more rapid means of separating feathers from the carcass.
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Moraleda-Cibrián, Marta; Berger, Mary; Edwards, Sean P; Kasten, Steven J; Buchman, Steven R; O'Brien, Louise M
2014-06-15
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and speech difficulties are common problems in children with craniofacial malformations (CFM). The present study was designed to investigate whether resonance issues identified during speech assessment are associated with parental report of SDB symptoms in children with CFM. Children aged 2-18 years with congenital CFM attending at the Craniofacial Anomalies Program from March 2007 to April 2011 were screened for SDB symptoms using the Sleep-Related Breathing Disturbance Scale of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire. Speech evaluation, based on the Pittsburgh Weighted Speech Scale score, was the tool used to investigate velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) based on speech perceptual assessment. A total of 488 children with congenital CFM were included. Overall 81% were Caucasian and 24% were overweight/obese. Twenty-four percent of children screened positive for SDB and 35% had VPD. Children with VPD were no more likely to screen positive for SDB than children without VPD (26% vs. 23%, p = 0.38). However, children with previous sphincter pharyngoplasty (SP) were more likely to have hyponasality (51% vs. 12%, p = 0.0001) and reduced or absent nasal emission (33% vs. 16%, p = 0.008). In a logistic regression, the adjusted odds ratio for SDB for those with hyponasality was 2.10 (95%CI 1.21-3.61, p = 0.008) and for those with reduced or absent nasal emission was 1.75 (95%CI 1.06-2.88, p = 0.028). Symptoms of sleep disordered breathing are common in children with craniofacial malformations especially if they have undergone sphincter pharyngoplasty; many of these children can be identified by measures of resonance on routine speech evaluation.
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Cryogenic Fluid Technologies for Long Duration In-Space Operations
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Motil, Susan M.; Tramel, Terri L.
2008-01-01
Reliable knowledge of low-gravity cryogenic fluid management behavior is lacking and yet is critical in the areas of storage, distribution, and low-gravity propellant management. The Vision for Space Exploration mission objectives will require the use of high performance cryogenic propellants (hydrogen, oxygen, and methane). Additionally, lunar missions will require success in storing and transferring liquid and gas commodities on the surface. The fundamental challenges associated with the in-space use of cryogens are their susceptibility to environmental heat, their complex thermodynamic and fluid dynamic behavior in low gravity and the uncertainty of the position of the liquid-vapor interface if the propellants are not settled. The Cryogenic Fluid Management (CFM) project is addressing these issues through ground testing and analytical model development, and has crosscutting applications and benefits to virtually all missions requiring in-space operations with cryogens. Such knowledge can significantly reduce or even eliminate tank fluid boil-off losses for long term missions, reduce propellant launch mass and on-orbit margins, and simplify vehicle operations. The Cryogenic Fluid Management (CFM) Project is conducting testing and performing analytical evaluation of several areas to enable NASA s Exploration Vision. This paper discusses the content and progress of the technology focus areas within CFM.
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Chiang, Tzu-An; Che, Z H; Cui, Zhihua
2014-01-01
This study designed a cross-stage reverse logistics course for defective products so that damaged products generated in downstream partners can be directly returned to upstream partners throughout the stages of a supply chain for rework and maintenance. To solve this reverse supply chain design problem, an optimal cross-stage reverse logistics mathematical model was developed. In addition, we developed a genetic algorithm (GA) and three particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms: the inertia weight method (PSOA_IWM), V(Max) method (PSOA_VMM), and constriction factor method (PSOA_CFM), which we employed to find solutions to support this mathematical model. Finally, a real case and five simulative cases with different scopes were used to compare the execution times, convergence times, and objective function values of the four algorithms used to validate the model proposed in this study. Regarding system execution time, the GA consumed more time than the other three PSOs did. Regarding objective function value, the GA, PSOA_IWM, and PSOA_CFM could obtain a lower convergence value than PSOA_VMM could. Finally, PSOA_IWM demonstrated a faster convergence speed than PSOA_VMM, PSOA_CFM, and the GA did.
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Chiang, Tzu-An; Che, Z. H.
2014-01-01
This study designed a cross-stage reverse logistics course for defective products so that damaged products generated in downstream partners can be directly returned to upstream partners throughout the stages of a supply chain for rework and maintenance. To solve this reverse supply chain design problem, an optimal cross-stage reverse logistics mathematical model was developed. In addition, we developed a genetic algorithm (GA) and three particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms: the inertia weight method (PSOA_IWM), V Max method (PSOA_VMM), and constriction factor method (PSOA_CFM), which we employed to find solutions to support this mathematical model. Finally, a real case and five simulative cases with different scopes were used to compare the execution times, convergence times, and objective function values of the four algorithms used to validate the model proposed in this study. Regarding system execution time, the GA consumed more time than the other three PSOs did. Regarding objective function value, the GA, PSOA_IWM, and PSOA_CFM could obtain a lower convergence value than PSOA_VMM could. Finally, PSOA_IWM demonstrated a faster convergence speed than PSOA_VMM, PSOA_CFM, and the GA did. PMID:24772026
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Functional Class in Children with Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy. A pilot Study
Tavares, Aline Cristina; Bocchi, Edimar Alcides; Guimarães, Guilherme Veiga
2016-01-01
Background Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM), most common cardiac cause of pediatric deaths, mortality descriptor: a low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and low functional capacity (FC). FC is never self reported by children. Objective The aims of this study were (i) To evaluate whether functional classifications according to the children, parents and medical staff were associated. (iv) To evaluate whether there was correlation between VO2 max and Weber's classification. Method Prepubertal children with IDCM and HF (by previous IDCM and preserved LVEF) were selected, evaluated and compared. All children were assessed by testing, CPET and functional class classification. Results Chi-square test showed association between a CFm and CFp (1, n = 31) = 20.6; p = 0.002. There was no significant association between CFp and CFc (1, n = 31) = 6.7; p = 0.4. CFm and CFc were not associated as well (1, n = 31) = 1.7; p = 0.8. Weber's classification was associated to CFm (1, n = 19) = 11.8; p = 0.003, to CFp (1, n = 19) = 20.4; p = 0.0001and CFc (1, n = 19) = 6.4; p = 0.04). Conclusion Drawing were helpful for children's self NYHA classification, which were associated to Weber's stratification. PMID:27168472
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A Case Study on a Combination NDVI Forecasting Model Based on the Entropy Weight Method
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Huang, Shengzhi; Ming, Bo; Huang, Qiang
It is critically meaningful to accurately predict NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), which helps guide regional ecological remediation and environmental managements. In this study, a combination forecasting model (CFM) was proposed to improve the performance of NDVI predictions in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) based on three individual forecasting models, i.e., the Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) models. The entropy weight method was employed to determine the weight coefficient for each individual model depending on its predictive performance. Results showed that: (1) ANN exhibits the highest fitting capability among the four orecastingmore » models in the calibration period, whilst its generalization ability becomes weak in the validation period; MLR has a poor performance in both calibration and validation periods; the predicted results of CFM in the calibration period have the highest stability; (2) CFM generally outperforms all individual models in the validation period, and can improve the reliability and stability of predicted results through combining the strengths while reducing the weaknesses of individual models; (3) the performances of all forecasting models are better in dense vegetation areas than in sparse vegetation areas.« less
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Estimation of methane emission from California natural gas industry.
Kuo, Jeff; Hicks, Travis C; Drake, Brian; Chan, Tat Fu
2015-07-01
Energy generation and consumption are the main contributors to greenhouse gases emissions in California. Natural gas is one of the primary sources of energy in California. A study was recently conducted to develop current, reliable, and California-specific source emission factors (EFs) that could be used to establish a more accurate methane emission inventory for the California natural gas industry. Twenty-five natural gas facilities were surveyed; the surveyed equipment included wellheads (172), separators (131), dehydrators (17), piping segments (145), compressors (66), pneumatic devices (374), metering and regulating (M&R) stations (19), hatches (34), pumps (2), and customer meters (12). In total, 92,157 components were screened, including flanges (10,101), manual valves (10,765), open-ended lines (384), pressure relief valves (358), regulators (930), seals (146), threaded connections (57,061), and welded connections (12,274). Screening values (SVs) were measured using portable monitoring instruments, and Hi-Flow samplers were then used to quantify fugitive emission rates. For a given SV range, the measured leak rates might span several orders of magnitude. The correlation equations between the leak rates and SVs were derived. All the component leakage rate histograms appeared to have the same trend, with the majority of leakage rates<0.02 cubic feet per minute (cfm). Using the cumulative distribution function, the geometric mean was found to be a better indicator than the arithmetic mean, as the mean for each group of leakage rates found. For most component types, the pegged EFs for SVs of ≥10,000 ppmV and of ≥50,000 ppmV are relatively similar. The component-level average EFs derived in this study are often smaller than the corresponding ones in the 1996 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Gas Research Institute (EPA/GRI) study. Twenty-five natural gas facilities in California were surveyed to develop current, reliable, and California-specific source emission factors (EFs) for the natural gas industry. Screening values were measured by using portable monitoring instruments, and Hi-Flow samplers were then used to quantify fugitive emission rates. The component-level average EFs derived in this study are often smaller than the corresponding ones in the 1996 EPA/GRI study. The smaller EF values from this study might be partially attributable to the employment of the leak detection and repair program by most, if not all, of the facilities surveyed.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Giffin, Paxton K.; Parsons, Michael S.; Unz, Ronald J.; Waggoner, Charles A.
2012-05-01
The Institute for Clean Energy Technology (ICET) at Mississippi State University has developed a test stand capable of lifecycle testing of high efficiency particulate air filters and other filters specified in American Society of Mechanical Engineers Code on Nuclear Air and Gas Treatment (AG-1) filters. The test stand is currently equipped to test AG-1 Section FK radial flow filters, and expansion is currently underway to increase testing capabilities for other types of AG-1 filters. The test stand is capable of producing differential pressures of 12.45 kPa (50 in. w.c.) at volumetric air flow rates up to 113.3 m3/min (4000 CFM). Testing is performed at elevated and ambient conditions for temperature and relative humidity. Current testing utilizes three challenge aerosols: carbon black, alumina, and Arizona road dust (A1-Ultrafine). Each aerosol has a different mass median diameter to test loading over a wide range of particles sizes. The test stand is designed to monitor and maintain relative humidity and temperature to required specifications. Instrumentation is implemented on the upstream and downstream sections of the test stand as well as on the filter housing itself. Representative data are presented herein illustrating the test stand's capabilities. Digital images of the filter pack collected during and after testing is displayed after the representative data are discussed. In conclusion, the ICET test stand with AG-1 filter testing capabilities has been developed and hurdles such as test parameter stability and design flexibility overcome.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Moore, R.; Shook, M.; Beyersdorf, A. J.; Corr, C.; Herndon, S. C.; Knighton, W. B.; Miake-Lye, R. C.; Thornhill, K. L., II; Winstead, E.; Yu, Z.; Ziemba, L. D.; Anderson, B. E.
2015-12-01
We statistically analyze the impact of jet fuel properties on aerosols emitted by the NASA McDonnell Douglas DC-8 CFM56-2-C1 engines burning fifteen different aviation fuels. Data were collected for this single engine type during four different, comprehensive ground tests conducted over the past decade, which allow us to clearly link changes in aerosol emissions to fuel compositional changes. It is found that the volatile aerosol fraction dominates the number and volume emissions indices (EIs) over all engine powers, which are driven by changes in fuel aromatic and sulfur content. Meanwhile, the naphthalenic content of the fuel determines the magnitude of the non-volatile number and volume EI as well as the black carbon mass EI. Linear regression coefficients are reported for each aerosol EI in terms of these properties, engine fuel flow rate, and ambient temperature, and show that reducing both fuel sulfur content and napththalenes to near-zero levels would result in roughly a ten-fold decrease in aerosol number emitted per kg of fuel burn. This work informs future efforts to model aircraft emissions changes as the aviation fleet gradually begins to transition toward low-aromatic, low-sulfur alternative jet fuels from bio-based or Fischer-Tropsch production pathways.
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
1976-01-01
Energy utilization and cost payback analyses were prepared for proposed modifications. A 50,000 CFM standard compact packaged solid desiccant dehumidifier utilizing high temperature hot water (HTHW) for desiccant regeneration was added. The HTHW is generated by utilizing solar energy and is stored in a storage tank. A steam boiler is provided as a back-up for the solar system. A 50,000 CFM standard compact package solid desiccant dehumidifier utilizing high temperature hot water (HTHW) for desiccant regeneration was added. The HTHW is generated by utilizing a steam boiler and a heat exchanger and is stored in a storage tank.
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1989-07-01
3.4 10.1 27.1 JT15D 3 0.0006 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 TFE731 14 0.0160 1 0 0 1 62.5 0.0 0.0 62.5 CFM 56 362 0.8478 2 0 1 3 2.4 0.0 1.2 3.5 ALF 502 77...ACLA B737 CFM56 T B 2 C 5 850130029 ERAA 240 CJ610 C N 3 N 5 850730003 AVCA HS125 TFE731 T B 7 C 5 851217034 APHA BAE146 ALF502 T N 7 N 5 850705075
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Asakura, Yukari; Barkan, Alice
2007-12-01
The CRM domain is a recently recognized RNA binding domain found in three group II intron splicing factors in chloroplasts, in a bacterial protein that associates with ribosome precursors, and in a family of uncharacterized proteins in plants. To elucidate the functional repertoire of proteins with CRM domains, we studied CFM2 (for CRM Family Member 2), which harbors four CRM domains. RNA coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that CFM2 in maize (Zea mays) chloroplasts is associated with the group I intron in pre-trnL-UAA and group II introns in the ndhA and ycf3 pre-mRNAs. T-DNA insertions in the Arabidopsis thaliana ortholog condition a defective-seed phenotype (strong allele) or chlorophyll-deficient seedlings with impaired splicing of the trnL group I intron and the ndhA, ycf3-int1, and clpP-int2 group II introns (weak alleles). CFM2 and two previously described CRM proteins are bound simultaneously to the ndhA and ycf3-int1 introns and act in a nonredundant fashion to promote their splicing. With these findings, CRM domain proteins are implicated in the activities of three classes of catalytic RNA: group I introns, group II introns, and 23S rRNA.
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Impact of the FITKids physical activity intervention on adiposity in prepubertal children.
Khan, Naiman A; Raine, Lauren B; Drollette, Eric S; Scudder, Mark R; Pontifex, Matthew B; Castelli, Darla M; Donovan, Sharon M; Evans, Ellen M; Hillman, Charles H
2014-04-01
To investigate the effect of a 9-month physical activity intervention on cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity among prepubertal children. Prepubertal children (8- to 9-year-olds, N = 220, 103 girls) were randomly assigned to a 9-month physical activity intervention or a control group. The intervention provided 70 minutes (5 days/week) of moderate to vigorous physical activity. Maximum oxygen consumption (Vo2max percentile) and dual-energy radiograph absorptiometry measured cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity, respectively. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed to assess baseline and follow-up cardiorespiratory fitness, percentage fat mass (%FM), percentage central fat mass (%CFM), and estimated visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area. The intervention group increased in cardiorespiratory fitness (5.4th percentile; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8 to 8.9) and decreased in %FM (-0.7%; 95% CI, -1.1 to -0.4) and %CFM (-1.3%; 95% CI, -1.9 to -0.7). Reductions in %FM were evident for both nonoverweight (-0.62%; 95% CI, -1.07 to -0.17) and overweight or obese (-0.86%; 95% CI,-1.46 to -0.25) intervention participants. Conversely, the control group displayed no change in cardiorespiratory fitness while exhibiting increases in %FM (0.4%; 95% CI, 0.1 to 0.7), %CFM (0.6; 95% CI, 0.1 to 1.1), and VAT area (3.0 cm(2); 95% CI, 1.6 to 4.4). Nonoverweight control participants increased in %FM (0.52%; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.91), and their overweight and obese counterparts increased in VAT (4.76 cm(2); 95% CI, 1.90 to 7.63). The physical activity intervention improved cardiorespiratory fitness, reduced %FM, and prevented accumulation of %CFM among prepubertal children with varying adiposity levels. These findings provide support for daily physical activity recommendations to prevent excess fat mass accumulation in childhood.
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Moraleda-Cibrián, Marta; Berger, Mary; Edwards, Sean P.; Kasten, Steven J.; Buchman, Steven R.; O'Brien, Louise M.
2014-01-01
Study Objective: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and speech difficulties are common problems in children with craniofacial malformations (CFM). The present study was designed to investigate whether resonance issues identified during speech assessment are associated with parental report of SDB symptoms in children with CFM. Methods: Children aged 2-18 years with congenital CFM attending at the Craniofacial Anomalies Program from March 2007 to April 2011 were screened for SDB symptoms using the Sleep-Related Breathing Disturbance Scale of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire. Speech evaluation, based on the Pittsburgh Weighted Speech Scale score, was the tool used to investigate velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) based on speech perceptual assessment. Results: A total of 488 children with congenital CFM were included. Overall 81% were Caucasian and 24% were overweight/obese. Twenty-four percent of children screened positive for SDB and 35% had VPD. Children with VPD were no more likely to screen positive for SDB than children without VPD (26% vs. 23%, p = 0.38). However, children with previous sphincter pharyngoplasty (SP) were more likely to have hyponasality (51% vs. 12%, p = 0.0001) and reduced or absent nasal emission (33% vs. 16%, p = 0.008). In a logistic regression, the adjusted odds ratio for SDB for those with hyponasality was 2.10 (95%CI 1.21-3.61, p = 0.008) and for those with reduced or absent nasal emission was 1.75 (95%CI 1.06-2.88, p = 0.028). Conclusion: Symptoms of sleep disordered breathing are common in children with craniofacial malformations especially if they have undergone sphincter pharyngoplasty; many of these children can be identified by measures of resonance on routine speech evaluation. Citation: Moraleda-Cibrián M, Berger M, Edwards SP, Kasten SJ, Buchman SR, O'Brien LM. Association between symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing and speech in children with craniofacial malformations. J Clin Sleep Med 2014;10(6):671-676. PMID:24932148
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An Overview of NASA's In-Space Cryogenic Propellant Management Technologies
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Tucker, Stephen; Hastings, Leon; Haynes, Davy (Technical Monitor)
2001-01-01
Future mission planning within NASA continues to include cryogenic propellants for in space transportation, with mission durations ranging from days to years. Between 1995 and the present, NASA has pursued a diversified program of ground-based testing to prepare the various technologies associated with in-space cryogenic fluid management (CFM) for implementation. CFM technology areas being addressed include passive insulation, zero gravity pressure control, zero gravity mass gauging, capillary liquid acquisition devices, and zero boiloff storage. NASA CFM technologies are planned, coordinated, and implemented through the Cryogenic Technology Working Group which is comprised of representatives from the various NASA Centers as well as the National Institute of Standards and Technologies (NIST) and, on selected occasions, the Air Force. An overview of the NASA program and Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) roles, accomplishments, and near-term activities are presented herein. Basic CFM technology areas being addressed include passive insulation, zero gravity pressure control, zero gravity mass gauging, capillary liquid acquisition devices, and zero boiloff storage. Recent MSFC accomplishments include: the large scale demonstration of a high performance variable density multilayer insulation (MLI) that reduced the boiloff by about half that of standard MLI; utilization of a foam substrate under MLI to eliminate the need for a helium purge bag system; demonstrations of both spray-bar and axial-jet mixer concepts for zero gravity pressure control; and sub-scale testing that verified an optical sensor concept for measuring liquid hydrogen mass in zero gravity. In response to missions requiring cryogenic propellant storage durations on the order of years, a cooperative effort by NASA's Ames Research Center, Glenn Research Center, and MSFC has been implemented to develop and demonstrate zero boiloff concepts for in-space storage of cryogenic propellants. An MSFC contribution to this cooperative effort is a large-scale demonstration of the integrated operation of passive insulation, destratification/pressure control, and cryocooler (commercial unit) subsystems to achieve zero boiloff storage of liquid hydrogen. Testing is expected during the Summer of 2001.
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Direct measurements of intermolecular forces by chemical force microscopy
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Vezenov, Dmitri Vitalievich
1999-12-01
Detailed description of intermolecular forces is key to understanding a wide range of phenomena from molecular recognition to materials failure. The unique features of atomic force microscopy (AFM) to make point contact force measurements with ultra high sensitivity and to generate spatial maps of surface topography and forces have been extended to include measurements between well-defined organic molecular groups. Chemical modification of AFM probes with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) was used to make them sensitive to specific molecular interactions. This novel chemical force microscopy (CFM) technique was used to probe forces between different molecular groups in a range of environments (vacuum, organic liquids and aqueous solutions); measure surface energetics on a nanometer scale; determine pK values of the surface acid and base groups; measure forces to stretch and unbind a short synthetic DNA duplex and map the spatial distribution of specific functional groups and their ionization state. Studies of adhesion forces demonstrated the important contribution of hydrogen bonding to interactions between simple organic functionalities. The chemical identity of the tip and substrate surfaces as well as the medium had a dramatic effect on adhesion between model monolayers. A direct correlation between surface free energy and adhesion forces was established. The adhesion between epoxy polymer and model mixed SAMs varied with the amount of hydrogen bonding component in the monolayers. A consistent interpretation of CFM measurements in polar solvents was provided by contact mechanics models and intermolecular force components theory. Forces between tips and surfaces functionalized with SAMs terminating in acid or base groups depended on their ionization state. A novel method of force titration was introduced for highly local characterization of the pK's of surface functional groups. The pH-dependent changes in friction forces were exploited to map spatially the changes in ionization state on SAM surfaces. The phase contrast in tapping mode AFM between chemically distinct monolayer regions and corresponding adhesion forces were found to be directly correlated. Thus, both friction and intermittent contact CFM images could be interpreted in terms of the strength of intermolecular interactions. CFM was also used to probe biomolecular interactions. Separation forces between complementary oligonucleotide strands were significantly larger than the forces measured between noncomplementary strands and were consistent with the unbinding of a single DNA duplex. CFM data provided a direct measure of the forces required to elastically deform, structurally-transform and separate well-defined, synthetic duplexes into single strand oligonucleotides.
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Resources - scoliosis ... The following organizations are good resources for information on scoliosis : American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons -- orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00626 US National Library of Medicine -- ...
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Christie, W Scott; Puhl, Aaron A; Lucaciu, Octavian Calin
2012-10-01
To examine the potential for treatment of palmar adhesions associated with Dupuytren's contracture using instrument-assisted cross-frictional massage (CFM) and stretching. This was a prospective case study. The primary intervention consisted of a 2-min multi-planar CFM over the affected area of the palm, followed by a 2-min maximal finger-extension stretch. Following eight weeks of treatment there were increases in both passive and active extension range of motion of the digits, reduction in the visibility of palmar adhesions, and subjective improvements in hand function. This treatment protocol may offer a substitute for the current invasive surgical and injection procedures that are available. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Economic, Environmental and Health Implications of Enhanced Ventilation in Office Buildings.
MacNaughton, Piers; Pegues, James; Satish, Usha; Santanam, Suresh; Spengler, John; Allen, Joseph
2015-11-18
Current building ventilation standards are based on acceptable minimums. Three decades of research demonstrates the human health benefits of increased ventilation above these minimums. Recent research also shows the benefits on human decision-making performance in office workers, which translates to increased productivity. However, adoption of enhanced ventilation strategies is lagging. We sought to evaluate two of the perceived potential barriers to more widespread adoption-Economic and environmental costs. We estimated the energy consumption and associated per building occupant costs for office buildings in seven U.S. cities, representing different climate zones for three ventilation scenarios (standard practice (20 cfm/person), 30% enhanced ventilation, and 40 cfm/person) and four different heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system strategies (Variable Air Volume (VAV) with reheat and a Fan Coil Unit (FCU), both with and without an energy recovery ventilator). We also estimated emissions of greenhouse gases associated with this increased energy usage, and, for comparison, converted this to the equivalent number of vehicles using greenhouse gas equivalencies. Lastly, we paired results from our previous research on cognitive function and ventilation with labor statistics to estimate the economic benefit of increased productivity associated with increasing ventilation rates. Doubling the ventilation rate from the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers minimum cost less than $40 per person per year in all climate zones investigated. Using an energy recovery ventilation system significantly reduced energy costs, and in some scenarios led to a net savings. At the highest ventilation rate, adding an ERV essentially neutralized the environmental impact of enhanced ventilation (0.03 additional cars on the road per building across all cities). The same change in ventilation improved the performance of workers by 8%, equivalent to a $6500 increase in employee productivity each year. Reduced absenteeism and improved health are also seen with enhanced ventilation. The health benefits associated with enhanced ventilation rates far exceed the per-person energy costs relative to salary costs. Environmental impacts can be mitigated at regional, building, and individual-level scales through the transition to renewable energy sources, adoption of energy efficient systems and ventilation strategies, and promotion of other sustainable policies.
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Economic, Environmental and Health Implications of Enhanced Ventilation in Office Buildings
MacNaughton, Piers; Pegues, James; Satish, Usha; Santanam, Suresh; Spengler, John; Allen, Joseph
2015-01-01
Introduction: Current building ventilation standards are based on acceptable minimums. Three decades of research demonstrates the human health benefits of increased ventilation above these minimums. Recent research also shows the benefits on human decision-making performance in office workers, which translates to increased productivity. However, adoption of enhanced ventilation strategies is lagging. We sought to evaluate two of the perceived potential barriers to more widespread adoption—Economic and environmental costs. Methods: We estimated the energy consumption and associated per building occupant costs for office buildings in seven U.S. cities, representing different climate zones for three ventilation scenarios (standard practice (20 cfm/person), 30% enhanced ventilation, and 40 cfm/person) and four different heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system strategies (Variable Air Volume (VAV) with reheat and a Fan Coil Unit (FCU), both with and without an energy recovery ventilator). We also estimated emissions of greenhouse gases associated with this increased energy usage, and, for comparison, converted this to the equivalent number of vehicles using greenhouse gas equivalencies. Lastly, we paired results from our previous research on cognitive function and ventilation with labor statistics to estimate the economic benefit of increased productivity associated with increasing ventilation rates. Results: Doubling the ventilation rate from the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers minimum cost less than $40 per person per year in all climate zones investigated. Using an energy recovery ventilation system significantly reduced energy costs, and in some scenarios led to a net savings. At the highest ventilation rate, adding an ERV essentially neutralized the environmental impact of enhanced ventilation (0.03 additional cars on the road per building across all cities). The same change in ventilation improved the performance of workers by 8%, equivalent to a $6500 increase in employee productivity each year. Reduced absenteeism and improved health are also seen with enhanced ventilation. Conclusions: The health benefits associated with enhanced ventilation rates far exceed the per-person energy costs relative to salary costs. Environmental impacts can be mitigated at regional, building, and individual-level scales through the transition to renewable energy sources, adoption of energy efficient systems and ventilation strategies, and promotion of other sustainable policies. PMID:26593933
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Grill, Günther; Khan, Usman; Lehner, Bernhard; Nicell, Jim; Ariwi, Joseph
2016-01-15
Chemicals released into freshwater systems threaten ecological functioning and may put aquatic life and the health of humans at risk. We developed a new contaminant fate model (CFM) that follows simple, well-established methodologies and is unique in its cross-border, seamless hydrological and geospatial framework, including lake routing, a critical component in northern environments. We validated the model using the pharmaceutical Carbamazepine and predicted eco-toxicological risk for 15 pharmaceuticals in the Saint-Lawrence River Basin, Canada. The results indicated negligible to low environmental risk for the majority of tested chemicals, while two pharmaceuticals showed elevated risk in up to 13% of rivers affected by municipal effluents. As an integrated model, our CFM is designed for application at very large scales with the primary goal of detecting high risk zones. In regulatory frameworks, it can help screen existing or new chemicals entering the market regarding their potential impact on human and environmental health. Due to its high geospatial resolution, our CFM can also facilitate the prioritization of actions, such as identifying regions where reducing contamination sources or upgrading treatment plants is most pertinent to achieve targeted pollutant removal or to protect drinking water resources. Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Resources - arthritis ... The following organizations provide more information on arthritis : American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons -- orthoinfo.aaos.org/menus/arthritis.cfm Arthritis Foundation -- www.arthritis.org Centers for Disease Control and Prevention -- www. ...
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Cryogenic fluid management program at MSFC
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Schmidt, G. R.; Hastings, L. J.
1990-01-01
Cryogenic fluid management (CFM) is an important aspect in the design and operation of spacecraft propellant systems. Consequently, it represents a key technology in the development of future vehicles for orbital transfer, lunar transit and manned interplanetary (i.e., Mars) missions. Because of Marshall Space Flight Center's (MSFC's) leading role in the definition of such vehicles, the center is currently managing and conducting a variety of tests to support development of this technology. The purpose of this paper is to summarize these activities and present their status within the context of CFM technology requirements. The first section reviews MSFC's role, identifies the major emphases and thrusts of its program, and presents the overall schedule. The final part comprises the bulk of the report, and describes at length the objectives, approach and status of each project.
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Harward, C. N.
1977-01-01
Measurements were performed to determine the pressure and temperature dependence of CFM-12 absorption coefficients for CO2 waveguide laser radiation. The absorption coefficients of CFM-12 for CO2 waveguide laser radiation were found to have no spectral structure within small spectral bandwidths around the CO2 waveguide laser lines in the CO2 spectral band for pressures above 20 torr. All of the absorption coefficients for the CO2 laser lines studied are independent of pressure above 100 torr, except for the P(36) laser CO2 spectral band. The absorption coefficients associated with the P(42) line in the same band showed the greatest change with temperature, and it also has the largest value of all the lines studied.
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An Overview of Recent Cryogenic Fluid Management Developments
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Hedayat, A.; Johnson, W. L.; Stephens, J. R.
2017-01-01
Long-term storage, supply, and transfer of cryogenic fluids are critical capabilities needed to advance the human exploration of space. Technologies and advanced development programs have been pursued to address issues likely to confront the designers and developers of future cryogenic fluid management (CFM) subsystems and propulsion systems. NASA and aerospace industries have continued to conduct research and development for the propulsion applications of cryogenic fluids. From the well known in-space applications, to new applications involving superconducting motors within multiple different aircraft, and a renewed interest in production of oxygen on Mars, NASA continues to probe cryogenic applications within propulsion. This article presents brief reviews of several of the current CFM efforts to support future space missions. NASA GRC is currently focusing on understanding some of the finer points in the application of multilayer insulation. GRC recently finished the activation of a new calorimeter that operates at 20 K with a warm boundary that can operate either around 90 K or at 300 K. Current testing is focused on investigating multiple different seam concepts, initially between temperatures of 300 K and 20 K, and between 20 K and 90 K. One of the larger recent NASA investments has been on the Structural Heat Intercept, Insulation, and Vibration Experiment Rig (SHIIVER). SHIIVER is a 4 m diameter tank that is approximately 1/2 scale of the planned upper stage of the new Space Launch System (SLS) rocket. SHIIVER is focused on demonstrating the thermal benefits of multilayer insulation on the tank domes and boil-off vapor cooling on structural cylinders that hold the tank in-line on the rocket. It will also quantify any damage that may incur during the acoustic environment of over 160 decibels that SLS will experience on its trip to Earth orbit. In support of the possible production of oxygen out of the Mars' atmosphere, a team comprised of four NASA centers (GRC, MSFC, JSC, and KSC) collaborated to investigate multiple different hardware combinations, refrigeration cycles, and integration techniques to minimize power and mass of the storage and liquefaction system. Moreover, high efficiency, high capacity cryocoolers are an element of CFM which is essential for achieving NASA's future long duration missions. Currently in development is a 20W at 20K unit for use with liquid hydrogen. It is scheduled for delivery to NASA in the summer of 2017. Two Phase I SBIRS have recently concluded resulting in the preliminary design of two different 90K units, each having a refrigeration capacity of approximately 150W. Once the development efforts are complete, these high capacity 90K units will be integrated into the design of NASA's Liquid Oxygen (LOX)/Methane applications such as the Lander and Ascent Vehicles, or possibly an in-space stage. CFM technology is critical to the success of missions to Mars, Planetary Exploration, and In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) for cryogenic propellant production. NASA is focusing on the development of CFM technologies needed to provide necessary data and relevant experience to support informed decisions on implementation of design of cryogenic systems for long term space missions. Lessons learned from the described CFM developments would lead to enhanced safety and reliability and enabling technologies which could allow NASA to meet future space exploration goals.
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Closing the loop of the soil water retention curve
Lu, Ning; Alsherif, N; Wayllace, Alexandra; Godt, Jonathan W.
2015-01-01
The authors, to their knowledge for the first time, produced two complete principal soil water retention curves (SWRCs) under both positive and negative matric suction regimes. An innovative testing technique combining the transient water release and imbibition method (TRIM) and constant flow method (CFM) was used to identify the principal paths of SWRC in the positive pore-water pressure regime under unsaturated conditions. A negative matric suction of 9.8 kPa is needed to reach full saturation or close the loop of the SWRC for a silty soil. This work pushes the understanding of the interaction of soil and water into new territory by quantifying the boundaries of the SWRC over the entire suction domain, including both wetting and drying conditions that are relevant to field conditions such as slope wetting under heavy rainfall or rapid groundwater table rise in earthen dams or levees.
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-10-01
... applicable agency codes maintained by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) using NIST...,” at http://www.nist.gov/publication-portal.cfm. (d) Agencies exempt from the FAR are encouraged to...
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Navier-Stokes Simulation of Airconditioning Facility of a Large Modem Computer Room
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
2005-01-01
NASA recently assembled one of the world's fastest operational supercomputers to meet the agency's new high performance computing needs. This large-scale system, named Columbia, consists of 20 interconnected SGI Altix 512-processor systems, for a total of 10,240 Intel Itanium-2 processors. High-fidelity CFD simulations were performed for the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) computer room at Ames Research Center. The purpose of the simulations was to assess the adequacy of the existing air handling and conditioning system and make recommendations for changes in the design of the system if needed. The simulations were performed with NASA's OVERFLOW-2 CFD code which utilizes overset structured grids. A new set of boundary conditions were developed and added to the flow solver for modeling the roomls air-conditioning and proper cooling of the equipment. Boundary condition parameters for the flow solver are based on cooler CFM (flow rate) ratings and some reasonable assumptions of flow and heat transfer data for the floor and central processing units (CPU) . The geometry modeling from blue prints and grid generation were handled by the NASA Ames software package Chimera Grid Tools (CGT). This geometric model was developed as a CGT-scripted template, which can be easily modified to accommodate any changes in shape and size of the room, locations and dimensions of the CPU racks, disk racks, coolers, power distribution units, and mass-storage system. The compute nodes are grouped in pairs of racks with an aisle in the middle. High-speed connection cables connect the racks with overhead cable trays. The cool air from the cooling units is pumped into the computer room from a sub-floor through perforated floor tiles. The CPU cooling fans draw cool air from the floor tiles, which run along the outside length of each rack, and eject warm air into the center isle between the racks. This warm air is eventually drawn into the cooling units located near the walls of the room. One major concern is that the hot air ejected to the middle isle might recirculate back into the cool rack side and cause thermal short-cycling. The simulations analyzed and addressed the following important elements of the computer room: 1) High-temperature build-up in certain regions of the room; 2) Areas of low air circulation in the room; 3) Potential short-cycling of the computer rack cooling system; 4) Effectiveness of the perforated cooling floor tiles; 5) Effect of changes in various aspects of the cooling units. Detailed flow visualization is performed to show temperature distribution, air-flow streamlines and velocities in the computer room.
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... MedlinePlus Connect in Use URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/connect/users.html MedlinePlus Connect in ... will change.) Old URLs New URLs Web Application https://apps.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/services/mpconnect.cfm? ...
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77 FR 69437 - 36(b)(1) Arms Sales Notification
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-11-19
.... FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. B. English, DSCA/DBO/CFM, (703) 601-3740. The following is a copy.../GPS, free-inertial, and GPS only solutions. Classified elements include Selective Availability Anti...
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Pulu, Tupou L.; And Others
This first grade workbook is designed for children in bilingual Inupiat-English programs in the Alaskan villages of Ambler, Kiana, Kobuk, Noorvik, Selawik, and Shungnak. Each page has a captioned black-and-white drawing to be colored. (CFM)
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... Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Tests D-dimer Dengue Fever Testing Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) DHEAS Diabetes-related Autoantibodies ... article.cfm?id=296. Accessed June 28, 2016. De Paula JMP, Toranzo EM, Borge LG, Hidalgo SF. ...
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A correction function method for the wave equation with interface jump conditions
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Abraham, David S.; Marques, Alexandre Noll; Nave, Jean-Christophe
2018-01-01
In this paper a novel method to solve the constant coefficient wave equation, subject to interface jump conditions, is presented. In general, such problems pose issues for standard finite difference solvers, as the inherent discontinuity in the solution results in erroneous derivative information wherever the stencils straddle the given interface. Here, however, the recently proposed Correction Function Method (CFM) is used, in which correction terms are computed from the interface conditions, and added to affected nodes to compensate for the discontinuity. In contrast to existing methods, these corrections are not simply defined at affected nodes, but rather generalized to a continuous function within a small region surrounding the interface. As a result, the correction function may be defined in terms of its own governing partial differential equation (PDE) which may be solved, in principle, to arbitrary order of accuracy. The resulting scheme is not only arbitrarily high order, but also robust, having already seen application to Poisson problems and the heat equation. By extending the CFM to this new class of PDEs, the treatment of wave interface discontinuities in homogeneous media becomes possible. This allows, for example, for the straightforward treatment of infinitesimal source terms and sharp boundaries, free of staircasing errors. Additionally, new modifications to the CFM are derived, allowing compatibility with explicit multi-step methods, such as Runge-Kutta (RK4), without a reduction in accuracy. These results are then verified through numerous numerical experiments in one and two spatial dimensions.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-12-21
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have not met the certification criteria... Department's Web site at tradeact/taa/taa-- search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-12-29
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have not met the certification criteria... Department's Web site at tradeact/taa/taa-- search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations...
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77 FR 3506 - 2002 Reopened-Previously Denied Determinations; Notice of Negative Determinations on...
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-01-24
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have not met the certification criteria... Department's Web site at tradeact/taa/taa-- search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-12-13
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have not met the certification criteria... at tradeact/taa/taa--search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations or by calling...
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MedlinePlus Connect: Email List
... MedlinePlus Connect → Email List URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/connect/emaillist.html MedlinePlus Connect: Email ... will change.) Old URLs New URLs Web Application https://apps.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/services/mpconnect.cfm? ...
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Cryogenic Orbital Test Bed 3 (CRYOTE3) Overview and Status
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Stephens, Jonathan; Martin, Jim; Smith, James; Sisco, Jim; Marsell, Brandon; Roth, Jacob; Schallhorn, Paul; Wanzie, Nathaniel; Piryk, David; Bauer, Jeffrey;
2015-01-01
CRYOTE3 is a grassroots CFM test effort with contributing government and industry partners focused on developing and testing hardware to produce needed data for model validation and implementation into flight systems.
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Acts of Omission: An Overview of Child Neglect
... gov/pubs/focus/acts/index.cfm Addresses the scope of the problem of child neglect as well ... This bulletin for child welfare professionals addresses the scope of the problem of child neglect as well ...
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Errors, Error, and Text in Multidialect Setting.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Candler, W. J.
1979-01-01
This article discusses the various dialects of English spoken in Liberia and analyzes the problems of Liberian students in writing compositions in English. Errors arise mainly from differences in culture and cognition, not from superficial linguistic problems. (CFM)
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-02-03
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have met the certification criteria under... available on the Department's Web site at tradeact/taa/taa-- search--form.cfm under the searchable listing...
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77 FR 5577 - 2002 Reopened-Previously Denied Determinations; Notice of Negative Determinations on...
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-02-03
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have not met the certification criteria... available on the Department's Web site at tradeact/taa/taa-- search--form.cfm under the searchable listing...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-02-28
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have met the certification criteria under... at tradeact/taa/taa--search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations or by calling...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-12-29
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have met the certification criteria under...-- search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations or by calling the Office of Trade...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-03-06
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have met the certification criteria under... site at tradeact/taa/taa--search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations or by calling...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-12-29
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have met the certification criteria under... site at tradeact/taa/taa--search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations or by calling...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-02-08
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have not met the certification criteria... are available on the Department's Web site at tradeact/taa/taa--search--form.cfm under the searchable...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-03-06
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have not met the certification criteria.../taa/taa-- search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations or by calling the Office of...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-02-08
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have met the certification criteria under...-- search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations or by calling the Office of Trade...
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77 FR 9974 - 2002 Reopened-Previously Denied Determinations; Notice of Negative Determinations On...
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-02-21
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have not met the certification criteria.../taa--search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations or by calling the Office of Trade...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-12-13
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have met the certification criteria under... are available on the Department's Web site at tradeact/taa/taa--search--form.cfm under the searchable...
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The New Mediators: Foreign Language Departments in a Post-Modern Era.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Luce, Louise Fiber
1978-01-01
This article stresses the importance of cross cultural education for university students and suggests that foreign language departments provide it. A course in cross cultural communication at Miami University in Ohio is described. (CFM)
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Translation and the Teacher of French
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Collins, H. S. Frank
1977-01-01
This article is a brief discussion of some exercises in guided translation and comparative analysis designed not only to increase students' competence in translation and knowledge of French but also to make them more attentive to their English. (CFM)
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Overuse Injury: How to Prevent Training Injuries
... Accessed Dec. 21, 2015. Tips for a safe running program. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00132. Accessed Dec. 21, 2015. Overuse injury. The American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine. http:// ...
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76 FR 76611 - Interference With a Crewmember via Laser
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-12-08
..., which is available to the public at: http://www.faa.gov/news/press_releases/news_story .cfm?newsId=12765... Technologies and Procedures, and General Aviation and Commercial Divisions of Flight Standards Service. It was...
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Review of Integrated Noise Model (INM) Equations and Processes
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Shepherd, Kevin P. (Technical Monitor); Forsyth, David W.; Gulding, John; DiPardo, Joseph
2003-01-01
The FAA's Integrated Noise Model (INM) relies on the methods of the SAE AIR-1845 'Procedure for the Calculation of Airplane Noise in the Vicinity of Airports' issued in 1986. Simplifying assumptions for aerodynamics and noise calculation were made in the SAE standard and the INM based on the limited computing power commonly available then. The key objectives of this study are 1) to test some of those assumptions against Boeing source data, and 2) to automate the manufacturer's methods of data development to enable the maintenance of a consistent INM database over time. These new automated tools were used to generate INM database submissions for six airplane types :737-700 (CFM56-7 24K), 767-400ER (CF6-80C2BF), 777-300 (Trent 892), 717-200 (BR7 15), 757-300 (RR535E4B), and the 737-800 (CFM56-7 26K).
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Improvement of foam breaking and oxygen-transfer performance in a stirred-tank fermenter.
Takesono, Satoshi; Onodera, Masayuki; Toda, Kiyoshi; Yoshida, Masanori; Yamagiwa, Kazuaki; Ohkawa, Akira
2006-03-01
This study examined a stirred-tank fermenter (STF) containing low-viscosity foaming liquids with an agitation impeller and foam-breaking impeller mounted on the same shaft. Results showed that the performance of the foam-breaking impeller can be improved by changing a conventional six-blade turbine impeller into a rod impeller as the agitation impeller. The volumetric oxygen-transfer coefficient, kLa, in the mechanical foam-control method (MFM) using a six-blade vaned disk as the foam-breaking impeller in the STF with the rod impeller was approximately five times greater than that of the chemical foam-control method (CFM) adding an anti-foaming agent in the STF with the six-blade turbine impeller. Application of the present method to the cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae K-7 demonstrated that the cultivation time up to the maximum cell concentration was remarkably shorter than that achieved using a conventional CFM.
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Patete, Jonathan; Petrofsky, John M; Stepan, Jeffery; Waheed, Abdul; Serafin, Joseph M
2009-01-15
This work describes chemical force microscopy (CFM) studies of specific-ion effects on the aqueous interfacial free energy of hydrophobic monolayers. CFM measurements allow for the characterization of interfacial properties on length scales below 100 nm. The ions chosen span the range of the Hofmeister series, from the kosmotropic Na(2)SO(4) to the chaotropic NaSCN. The salt concentrations used are typical of many laboratory processes such as protein crystallization, 2-3 M. Both aliphatic (terminal methyl) and aromatic (terminal phenyl) monolayers were examined, and rather pronounced differences were observed between the two cases. The specific-ion dependence of the aliphatic monolayer closely follows the Hofmeister series, namely the chaotropic ions lowered the interfacial free energy and the kosmotropic ions increased the interfacial free energy. However, the aromatic monolayer had significant deviations from the Hofmeister series. Possible origins for this difference are discussed.
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Collagen I Self-Assembly: Revealing the Developing Structures that Generate Turbidity
Zhu, Jieling; Kaufman, Laura J.
2014-01-01
Type I collagen gels are routinely used in biophysical studies and bioengineering applications. The structural and mechanical properties of these fibrillar matrices depend on the conditions under which collagen fibrillogenesis proceeds, and developing a fuller understanding of this process will enhance control over gel properties. Turbidity measurements have long been the method of choice for monitoring developing gels, whereas imaging methods are regularly used to visualize fully developed gels. In this study, turbidity and confocal reflectance microscopy (CRM) were simultaneously employed to track collagen fibrillogenesis and reconcile the information reported by the two techniques, with confocal fluorescence microscopy (CFM) used to supplement information about early events in fibrillogenesis. Time-lapse images of 0.5 mg/ml, 1.0 mg/ml, and 2.0 mg/ml acid-solubilized collagen I gels forming at 27°C, 32°C, and 37°C were collected. It was found that in situ turbidity measured in a scanning transmittance configuration was interchangeable with traditional turbidity measurements using a spectrophotometer. CRM and CFM were employed to reveal the structures responsible for the turbidity that develops during collagen self-assembly. Information from CRM and transmittance images was collapsed into straightforward single variables; total intensity in CRM images tracked turbidity development closely for all collagen gels investigated, and the two techniques were similarly sensitive to fibril number and dimension. Complementary CRM, CFM, and in situ turbidity measurements revealed that fibril and network formation occurred before substantial turbidity was present, and the majority of increasing turbidity during collagen self-assembly was due to increasing fibril thickness. PMID:24739181
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Meyer, Michael L.; Doherty, Michael P.; Moder, Jeffrey P.
2014-01-01
In support of its goal to find an innovative path for human space exploration, NASA embarked on the Cryogenic Propellant Storage and Transfer (CPST) Project, a Technology Demonstration Mission (TDM) to test and validate key cryogenic capabilities and technologies required for future exploration elements, opening up the architecture for large in-space cryogenic propulsion stages and propellant depots. Recognizing that key Cryogenic Fluid Management (CFM) technologies anticipated for on-orbit (flight) demonstration would benefit from additional maturation to a readiness level appropriate for infusion into the design of the flight demonstration, the NASA Headquarters Space Technology Mission Directorate (STMD) authorized funding for a one-year technology maturation phase of the CPST project. The strategy, proposed by the CPST Project Manager, focused on maturation through modeling, concept studies, and ground tests of the storage and fluid transfer of CFM technology sub-elements and components that were lower than a Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of 5. A technology maturation plan (TMP) was subsequently approved which described: the CFM technologies selected for maturation, the ground testing approach to be used, quantified success criteria of the technologies, hardware and data deliverables, and a deliverable to provide an assessment of the technology readiness after completion of the test, study or modeling activity. The specific technologies selected were grouped into five major categories: thick multilayer insulation, tank applied active thermal control, cryogenic fluid transfer, propellant gauging, and analytical tool development. Based on the success of the technology maturation efforts, the CPST project was approved to proceed to flight system development.
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Hay, A D; Singh, G D
2000-01-01
To analyze correction of mandibular deformity using an inverted L osteotomy and autogenous bone graft in patients exhibiting unilateral craniofacial microsomia (CFM), thin-plate spline analysis was undertaken. Preoperative, early postoperative, and approximately 3.5-year postoperative posteroanterior cephalographs of 15 children (age 10+/-3 years) with CFM were scanned, and eight homologous mandibular landmarks digitized. Average mandibular geometries, scaled to an equivalent size, were generated using Procrustes superimposition. Results indicated that the mean pre- and postoperative mandibular configurations differed statistically (P<0.05). Thin-plate spline analysis indicated that the total spline (Cartesian transformation grid) of the pre- to early postoperative configuration showed mandibular body elongation on the treated side and inferior symphyseal displacement. The affine component of the total spline revealed a clockwise rotation of the preoperative configuration, whereas the nonaffine component was responsible for ramus, body, and symphyseal displacements. The transformation grid for the early and late postoperative comparison showed bilateral ramus elongation. A superior symphyseal displacement contrasted with its earlier inferior displacement, the affine component had translocated the symphyseal landmarks towards the midline. The nonaffine component demonstrated bilateral ramus lengthening, and partial warps suggested that these elongations were slightly greater on the nontreated side. The affine component of the pre- and late postoperative comparison also demonstrated a clockwise rotation. The nonaffine component produced the bilateral ramus elongations-the nontreated side ramus lengthening slightly more than the treated side. It is concluded that an inverted L osteotomy improves mandibular morphology significantly in CFM patients and permits continued bilateral ramus growth. Copyright 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Bennett, James S; Marlow, David A; Nourian, Fariba; Breay, James; Hammond, Duane
2016-01-01
Exposure control systems performance was investigated in an aircraft painting hangar. The ability of the ventilation system and respiratory protection program to limit worker exposures was examined through air sampling during painting of F/A-18C/D strike fighter aircraft, in four field surveys. Air velocities were measured across the supply filter, exhaust filter, and hangar midplane under crossflow ventilation. Air sampling conducted during painting process phases (wipe-down, primer spraying, and topcoat spraying) encompassed volatile organic compounds, total particulate matter, Cr[VI], metals, nitroethane, and hexamethylene diisocyanate, for two worker groups: sprayers and sprayer helpers ("hosemen"). One of six methyl ethyl ketone and two of six methyl isobutyl ketone samples exceeded the short term exposure limits of 300 and 75 ppm, with means 57 ppm and 63 ppm, respectively. All 12 Cr[VI] 8-hr time-weighted averages exceeded the recommended exposure limit of 1 µg/m3, 11 out of 12 exceeded the permissible exposure limit of 5 µg/m3, and 7 out of 12 exceeded the threshold limit value of 10 µg/m3, with means 38 µg/m3 for sprayers and 8.3 µg/m3 for hosemen. Hexamethylene diisocyanate means were 5.95 µg/m3 for sprayers and 0.645 µg/m3 for hosemen. Total reactive isocyanate group--the total of monomer and oligomer as NCO group mass--showed 6 of 15 personal samples exceeded the United Kingdom Health and Safety Executive workplace exposure limit of 20 µg/m3, with means 50.9 µg/m3 for sprayers and 7.29 µg/m3 for hosemen. Several exposure limits were exceeded, reinforcing continued use of personal protective equipment. The supply rate, 94.4 m3/s (200,000 cfm), produced a velocity of 8.58 m/s (157 fpm) at the supply filter, while the exhaust rate, 68.7 m3/s (146,000 cfm), drew 1.34 m/s (264 fpm) at the exhaust filter. Midway between supply and exhaust locations, the velocity was 0.528 m/s (104 fpm). Supply rate exceeding exhaust rate created re-circulations, turbulence, and fugitive emissions, while wasting energy. Smoke releases showing more effective ventilation here than in other aircraft painting facilities carries technical feasibility relevance.
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Bennett, James S.; Marlow, David A.; Nourian, Fariba; Breay, James; Hammond, Duane
2016-01-01
Exposure control systems performance was investigated in an aircraft painting hangar. The ability of the ventilation system and respiratory protection program to limit worker exposures was examined through air sampling during painting of F/A-18C/D strike fighter aircraft, in four field surveys. Air velocities were measured across the supply filter, exhaust filter, and hangar midplane under crossflow ventilation. Air sampling conducted during painting process phases (wipe-down, primer spraying, and topcoat spraying) encompassed volatile organic compounds, total particulate matter, Cr[VI], metals, nitroethane, and hexamethylene diisocyanate, for two worker groups: sprayers and sprayer helpers (“hosemen”). One of six methyl ethyl ketone and two of six methyl isobutyl ketone samples exceeded the short term exposure limits of 300 and 75 ppm, with means 57 ppm and 63 ppm, respectively. All 12 Cr[VI] 8-hr time-weighted averages exceeded the recommended exposure limit of 1 µg/m3, 11 out of 12 exceeded the permissible exposure limit of 5 µg/m3, and 7 out of 12 exceeded the threshold limit value of 10 µg/m3, with means 38 µg/m3 for sprayers and 8.3 µg/m3 for hosemen. Hexamethylene diisocyanate means were 5.95 µg/m3 for sprayers and 0.645 µg/m3 for hosemen. Total reactive isocyanate group—the total of monomer and oligomer as NCO group mass—showed six of 15 personal samples exceeded the United Kingdom Health and Safety Executive workplace exposure limit of 20 µg/m3, with means 50.9 µg/m3 for sprayers and 7.29 µg/m3 for hosemen. Several exposure limits were exceeded, reinforcing continued use of personal protective equipment. The supply rate, 94.4 m3/s (200,000 cfm), produced a velocity of 8.58 m/s (157 fpm) at the supply filter, while the exhaust rate, 68.7 m3/s (146,000 cfm), drew 1.34 m/s (264 fpm) at the exhaust filter. Midway between supply and exhaust locations, the velocity was 0.528 m/s (104 fpm). Supply rate exceeding exhaust rate created re-circulations, turbulence, and fugitive emissions, while wasting energy. Smoke releases showing more effective ventilation here than in other aircraft painting facilities carries technical feasibility relevance. PMID:26698920
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Crutches and children - sitting and getting up from a chair
... Othopaedic Surgeons. How to use crutches, cans, and walkers. OrthoInfo. orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00181 . ... January 6, 2017. Edelstein JE. Canes, crutches, and walkers. In: Hsu JD, Michael JW, Fisk JR, eds. ...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-01-24
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have met the certification criteria under... available on the Department's Web site at tradeact/taa/taa--search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of...
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Endocrine and Nutritional Management After Bariatric Surgery
... focus on the care patients need immediately after surgery, as well as long-term management to prevent complications and weight regain. How does ... index.cfm). www.hormone.org Endocrine and Nutritional Management After Bariatric Surgery Patient Guide November 2010
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LAND COVER AND INDICATORS OF ENVIROMENTAL QUALITY
There is no abstract available for this product. If futher information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under contact field. The website is
http://www.aag.org/nalcs/index.cfm -
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Pulu, Tupou L.; And Others
This second grade workbook is designed for children in bilingual Inupiat-English programs in the Alaskan villages of Ambler, Kiana, Kobuk, Noorvik, Selawik, and Shungnak. Each page has a black-and-white drawing of a part of the body with an appropriate caption. (CFM)
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Investigation of error sources in regional inverse estimates of greenhouse gas emissions in Canada
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Chan, E.; Chan, D.; Ishizawa, M.; Vogel, F.; Brioude, J.; Delcloo, A.; Wu, Y.; Jin, B.
2015-08-01
Inversion models can use atmospheric concentration measurements to estimate surface fluxes. This study is an evaluation of the errors in a regional flux inversion model for different provinces of Canada, Alberta (AB), Saskatchewan (SK) and Ontario (ON). Using CarbonTracker model results as the target, the synthetic data experiment analyses examined the impacts of the errors from the Bayesian optimisation method, prior flux distribution and the atmospheric transport model, as well as their interactions. The scaling factors for different sub-regions were estimated by the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation and cost function minimization (CFM) methods. The CFM method results are sensitive to the relative size of the assumed model-observation mismatch and prior flux error variances. Experiment results show that the estimation error increases with the number of sub-regions using the CFM method. For the region definitions that lead to realistic flux estimates, the numbers of sub-regions for the western region of AB/SK combined and the eastern region of ON are 11 and 4 respectively. The corresponding annual flux estimation errors for the western and eastern regions using the MCMC (CFM) method are -7 and -3 % (0 and 8 %) respectively, when there is only prior flux error. The estimation errors increase to 36 and 94 % (40 and 232 %) resulting from transport model error alone. When prior and transport model errors co-exist in the inversions, the estimation errors become 5 and 85 % (29 and 201 %). This result indicates that estimation errors are dominated by the transport model error and can in fact cancel each other and propagate to the flux estimates non-linearly. In addition, it is possible for the posterior flux estimates having larger differences than the prior compared to the target fluxes, and the posterior uncertainty estimates could be unrealistically small that do not cover the target. The systematic evaluation of the different components of the inversion model can help in the understanding of the posterior estimates and percentage errors. Stable and realistic sub-regional and monthly flux estimates for western region of AB/SK can be obtained, but not for the eastern region of ON. This indicates that it is likely a real observation-based inversion for the annual provincial emissions will work for the western region whereas; improvements are needed with the current inversion setup before real inversion is performed for the eastern region.
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75 FR 29998 - 36(b)(1) Arms Sales Notification
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-05-28
... Defense is publishing the unclassified text of a section 36(b)(1) arms sales notification to fulfill the.... English, DSCA/DBO/CFM, (703) 601-3740. The following is a copy of a letter to the Speaker of the House of...
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Textbooks and Their Influence on Sex-Role Stereotype Formation.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cincotta, Madeleine Strong
1978-01-01
This paper explores the changing attitudes concerning sex-role stereotyping and discusses the part played by textbooks in the formation of sex-role attitudes. It examines in this regard a widely-used textbook for the teaching of French. (Author/CFM)
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78 FR 42739 - Lifesaving Devices-Uninspected Commercial Barges and Sailing Vessels
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-07-17
... comments by mail and would like to know that they reached the Facility, please enclose a stamped, self... $42.00. http://www.discountsteel.com/items/A36_Hot_Rolled_Steel_Equal_Leg_Angle.cfm?item_id=183&size...
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The Quasi-Business Letter: Passport to Foreign Culture.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lalande, John F.
1979-01-01
Suggests having foreign language students write business letters to stimulate interest in developing writing skills. This project gives the students the opportunity of travelling abroad vicariously and to collect souvenirs while improving their communication skills in the foreign language. (CFM)
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Understand Centrifugal Compressor stage curves
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Stadler, E.L.
1986-08-01
Multistage Centrifugal Compressor Performance is generally presented in the form of a composite curve showing discharge pressure and bhp plotted as a function of capacity. This composite curve represents the cumulative performance of each stage performance curve. A simple yet quite accurate means of measuring compressor total performance is to test each stage as a single-stage compressor, usually on air with atmospheric inlets. Stage curves are then generated from the test data and three important variables are plotted: head coefficient, work coefficient and adiabatic efficiency. These variables are plotted against a normalized flow coefficient, Q/N, which is inlet volume flowmore » (cfm) divided by impeller speed (rpm). The nomenclature used to define these stage variables changes from manufacturer to manufacturer; however, the parameters presented are the same. An understanding of each parameter's theoretical derivation and determination from test data will help the engineer reviewing test curves to be more cognizant of the interrelationships between these variables; specifically, how they affect overall machine pressure rise and power consumption.« less
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78 FR 45842 - Airworthiness Directives; CFM International, S. A. Turbofan Engines
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-07-30
... of the delta-P valve in the hydro-mechanical unit (HMU) fuel control caused by exposure to type TS-1... hydro- mechanical unit (HMU) fuel control part numbers (P/Ns) in paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this AD...
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Parenting a Child Who Has Been Sexually Abused: A Guide for Foster and Adoptive Parents
... victim.” Child sexual abuse is defined in Federal law by the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act ( ... Abuse and Neglect : https: / / www. childwelfare. gov/ systemwide/ laws_ policies/ statutes/ define. cfm Signs of Sexual Abuse ...
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Engine emission alteration in the near field of an aircraft
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Garnier, F.; Baudoin, C.; Woods, P.; Louisnard, N.
The objective of this paper, which constitutes a part of the AERONOX project, is the investigation of the potential transformation of the active species emitted from aircraft into reservoir species. The analysis is based on modelling of transformations of the near-field region, 1 km behind a Boeing 767 and a Boeing 747 aircraft. The processes considered are, firstly the dynamics of the jet flow and the jet-wing tip vortices interaction and secondly the potential chemical transformations of species such as NO, NO 2, HNO 2, HNO 3 and H 2SO 4. The wake dynamcal processes are performed by using the 3D turbulent Navier-Stokes equations. Chemistry is calculated using a box model including the photochemical and heterogeneous reactions. In the jet flow, calculations have been performed for two engines CFM 56 and RB 211. Temperature fields and dilution profiles are compared. In the wake, the influence of the vortical motion on the inboard and outboard jet engines is shown. The chemical calculations show that there is a rapid disappearance of OH and HO 2 at the very beginning of the plume and simultaneous growth of HNO 2 and HNO 3. All the main chemical transformations are made in the hot jet flow. In the limits of the calculations, there is no significant chemical transformations during the first kilometre behind the Boeing 767, except for OH, HO 2 and CH 2H 2 whose concentrations appear highly dependent on the local exhaust NO x concentration.
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Aguilar-Arredondo, Andrea; Zepeda, Angélica
2018-07-01
The dentate gyrus (DG) is a neurogenic structure that exhibits functional and structural reorganization after injury. Neurogenesis and functional recovery occur after brain damage, and the possible relation between both processes is a matter of study. We explored whether neurogenesis and the activation of new neurons correlated with DG recovery over time. We induced a DG lesion in young adult rats through the intrahippocampal injection of kainic acid and analyzed functional recovery and the activation of new neurons after animals performed a contextual fear memory task (CFM) or a control spatial exploratory task. We analyzed the number of BrdU+ cells that co-localized with doublecortin (DCX) or with NeuN within the damaged DG and evaluated the number of cells in each population that were labelled with the activity marker c-fos after either task. At 10 days post-lesion (dpl), a region of the granular cell layer was devoid of cells, evidencing the damaged area, whereas at 30 dpl this region was significantly smaller. At 10 dpl, the number of BrdU+/DCX+/c-fos positive cells was increased compared to the sham-lesion group, but CFM was impaired. At 30 dpl, a significantly greater number of BrdU+/NeuN+/c-fos positive cells was observed than at 10 dpl, and activation correlated with CFM recovery. Performance in the spatial exploratory task induced marginal c-fos immunoreactivity in the BrdU+/NeuN+ population. We demonstrate that neurons born after the DG was damaged survive and are activated in a time- and task-dependent manner and that activation of new neurons occurs along functional recovery.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Wei, Qingyang; Ma, Tianyu; Xu, Tianpeng; Zeng, Ming; Gu, Yu; Dai, Tiantian; Liu, Yaqiang
2018-01-01
Modern positron emission tomography (PET) detectors are made from pixelated scintillation crystal arrays and readout by Anger logic. The interaction position of the gamma-ray should be assigned to a crystal using a crystal position map or look-up table. Crystal identification is a critical procedure for pixelated PET systems. In this paper, we propose a novel crystal identification method for a dual-layer-offset LYSO based animal PET system via Lu-176 background radiation and mean shift algorithm. Single photon event data of the Lu-176 background radiation are acquired in list-mode for 3 h to generate a single photon flood map (SPFM). Coincidence events are obtained from the same data using time information to generate a coincidence flood map (CFM). The CFM is used to identify the peaks of the inner layer using the mean shift algorithm. The response of the inner layer is deducted from the SPFM by subtracting CFM. Then, the peaks of the outer layer are also identified using the mean shift algorithm. The automatically identified peaks are manually inspected by a graphical user interface program. Finally, a crystal position map is generated using a distance criterion based on these peaks. The proposed method is verified on the animal PET system with 48 detector blocks on a laptop with an Intel i7-5500U processor. The total runtime for whole system peak identification is 67.9 s. Results show that the automatic crystal identification has 99.98% and 99.09% accuracy for the peaks of the inner and outer layers of the whole system respectively. In conclusion, the proposed method is suitable for the dual-layer-offset lutetium based PET system to perform crystal identification instead of external radiation sources.
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Collagen I self-assembly: revealing the developing structures that generate turbidity.
Zhu, Jieling; Kaufman, Laura J
2014-04-15
Type I collagen gels are routinely used in biophysical studies and bioengineering applications. The structural and mechanical properties of these fibrillar matrices depend on the conditions under which collagen fibrillogenesis proceeds, and developing a fuller understanding of this process will enhance control over gel properties. Turbidity measurements have long been the method of choice for monitoring developing gels, whereas imaging methods are regularly used to visualize fully developed gels. In this study, turbidity and confocal reflectance microscopy (CRM) were simultaneously employed to track collagen fibrillogenesis and reconcile the information reported by the two techniques, with confocal fluorescence microscopy (CFM) used to supplement information about early events in fibrillogenesis. Time-lapse images of 0.5 mg/ml, 1.0 mg/ml, and 2.0 mg/ml acid-solubilized collagen I gels forming at 27°C, 32°C, and 37°C were collected. It was found that in situ turbidity measured in a scanning transmittance configuration was interchangeable with traditional turbidity measurements using a spectrophotometer. CRM and CFM were employed to reveal the structures responsible for the turbidity that develops during collagen self-assembly. Information from CRM and transmittance images was collapsed into straightforward single variables; total intensity in CRM images tracked turbidity development closely for all collagen gels investigated, and the two techniques were similarly sensitive to fibril number and dimension. Complementary CRM, CFM, and in situ turbidity measurements revealed that fibril and network formation occurred before substantial turbidity was present, and the majority of increasing turbidity during collagen self-assembly was due to increasing fibril thickness. Copyright © 2014 Biophysical Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Hu, Meng; Müller, Erik; Schymanski, Emma L; Ruttkies, Christoph; Schulze, Tobias; Brack, Werner; Krauss, Martin
2018-03-01
In nontarget screening, structure elucidation of small molecules from high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) data is challenging, particularly the selection of the most likely candidate structure among the many retrieved from compound databases. Several fragmentation and retention prediction methods have been developed to improve this candidate selection. In order to evaluate their performance, we compared two in silico fragmenters (MetFrag and CFM-ID) and two retention time prediction models (based on the chromatographic hydrophobicity index (CHI) and on log D). A set of 78 known organic micropollutants was analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to a LTQ Orbitrap HRMS with electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive and negative mode using two fragmentation techniques with different collision energies. Both fragmenters (MetFrag and CFM-ID) performed well for most compounds, with average ranking the correct candidate structure within the top 25% and 22 to 37% for ESI+ and ESI- mode, respectively. The rank of the correct candidate structure slightly improved when MetFrag and CFM-ID were combined. For unknown compounds detected in both ESI+ and ESI-, generally positive mode mass spectra were better for further structure elucidation. Both retention prediction models performed reasonably well for more hydrophobic compounds but not for early eluting hydrophilic substances. The log D prediction showed a better accuracy than the CHI model. Although the two fragmentation prediction methods are more diagnostic and sensitive for candidate selection, the inclusion of retention prediction by calculating a consensus score with optimized weighting can improve the ranking of correct candidates as compared to the individual methods. Graphical abstract Consensus workflow for combining fragmentation and retention prediction in LC-HRMS-based micropollutant identification.
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Language-Teaching as a Form of Witchcraft
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Antier, Maurice
1976-01-01
Language teaching involves many paradoxes and the language teacher has more handicaps than teachers of other subjects. The language teacher's way of overcoming his own problems of personality and psychological balance has a lot to do with the success or failure of his students. (CFM)
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78 FR 61363 - Correction-Scientific Information Request on Medication Therapy Management
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-10-03
... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Correction--Scientific Information Request on Medication Therapy Management The original date of publication for this....AHRQ.gov/index.cfm/submit-scientific-information-packets/ Dated: September 27, 2013. Richard Kronick...
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Model-Based Enterprise Summit Report
2014-02-01
A Moderator: John Horst 1700-1830 Wrap-Up and Vendor Demos Tuesday , 11 December, 2012 Website: http://www.nist.gov/el/msid/mbesummit_2012.cfm MBE...Affordable Access to Modeling & Simulation and High Performance Computing for SMEs Dennis Thompson, SCRA 1210-1230 NAMII Overview Ed Morris , Director
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13 CFR 126.307 - Where will SBA maintain the List of qualified HUBZone SBCs?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
...? Qualified HUBZone SBCs are identified by running a search on CCR/DSBS (http://dsbs.sba.gov/dsbs/dsp_dsbs.cfm) and are listed on the HUBZone Web page at https://eweb1.sba.gov/hubzone/internet/general/approved...
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Operating in Uncertainty; Growing Resilient Critical Infrastructure Organizations
2011-03-01
management. Institutional arrangements and enviromental knowledge are tested and revised in a dynamic, ongoing self-organized process of “learning by...February 17, 2010, from U.S. Enviromental Protection Agency: http://cfpub.epa.gov/safewater/watersecurity/features.cfm#f1 Walker, B., Gunderson, L
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77 FR 70153 - 36(b)(1) Arms Sales Notification
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-11-23
.... FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. B. English, DSCA/DBO/CFM, (703) 601-3740. The following is a copy... transmittal, policy justification, and Sensitivity of Technology. Dated: November 19, 2012. Aaron Siegel... of logistics and program support. (iv) Military Department: Army (UKB) [[Page 70155
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Pulu, Tupou L.; And Others
This first level social studies text, designed for children in bilingual Inupiat-English programs in the Alaskan villages of Ambler, Kobuk, Kiana, Noorvik, Selawik, and Shungnak, is a story about a little girl's activities in her home. Each page of text is illustrated with a black-and-white drawing. (CFM)
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Post Conflict Reconstruction: A Selected Bibliography
2007-01-01
www.heritage.org/research/nation alsecurity/bg1859.cfm Clover, Jenny, and Richard Cornwell , eds. Supporting Sustainable Livelihoods: A Critical Review of...and Bernard E. Trainor. “Starting from Scratch.” In Cobra II: The Inside Story of the Invasion and Occupation of Iraq, 475-496. New York: Pantheon
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GeothermalLCOE_NoExclusionsforAtlas
a qualitative assessment of geothermal potential (Enhanced Geothermal System EGS) for the US based from 3 to 10 km provided by Southern Methodist University Geothermal Laboratory (Blackwell & ;http://www.nrel.gov/gis/cfm/data/GIS_Data_Technology_Specific/United_States/Geothermal
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English-French Bilingual Education: The Elgin Study through Grade Five
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Barik, Henri C.; And Others
1977-01-01
Presents the results of the 1974-75 evaluation of the bilingual education program initiated in 1970 by the Elgin County Board of Education in St. Thomas, Ontario. The study covers grades 2 to 5 and is a follow-up to previous evaluations. (Author/CFM)
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Contract Management Process Maturity: Empirical Analysis of Organizational Assessments
2009-08-27
maturity or learning capability ( Yueng , Ulrich, Nason, & Von Glinow, 1999), thus enabling them to produce high-quality goods and services faster, cheaper...from http://www.transcom.mil/organization2.cfm Yueng , A.K., Ulrich, D.O., Nason, S.W., & Von Glinow, M.A. (1999). Organizational learning
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Savaaksrat Kisitchisit (Numbers 1-10).
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Pulu, Tupou L.; And Others
This first grade workbook is designed for children in bilingual Inupiat-English programs in the Alaskan villages of Ambler, Kiana, Kobuk, Noorvik, Selawik, and Shungnak. Each page has a particular number, a corresponding picture with an appropriate caption, and lines for the child to use in writing the number. (CFM)
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Changing the Department of Defense’s Policy on Homosexuals
2008-02-19
2007 from http://www.hrc.org/alva/dadt.html 18. Ottosson, D (2006, November), LGBT World Legal Wrap Up Survey, International Lesbian Gay...from http://www.gaywired.com/article.cfm?section=66&id=16683 Ottosson, D (2006, November), LGBT World Legal Wrap Up Survey, International
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76 FR 2871 - Pacific Halibut Fisheries; Catch Sharing Plan
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-01-18
... management measures that are not implemented through the IPHC. This includes Tribal regulations and the sport...-Halibut/Pacific-Halibut/Index.cfm . Proposed 2011 Sport Fishery Management Measures NMFS is proposing sport fishery management measures that are necessary to implement the Plan in 2011. The annual domestic...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-04-26
....hudhre.info/index.cfm?do=viewFaqs . Applicants that do not have Internet access and need to obtain a copy... or speech impairments may access this number, toll free, via TTY by calling the Federal Information...
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Understanding the evolution of S- and I-type granitic plutons through analysis of apatite.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Hess, B. L.; Fiege, A.; Tailby, N.
2017-12-01
The major and trace element composition of apatites from the Lachlan fold belt (LFB) S- and I-type granitoids (Australia) and the Central French Massif (CFM) S-type leucogranites (France) were analyzed to investigate their compositional and redox variation. Apatite is a common accessory mineral in magmatic systems that can incorporate a variety of trace elements, including the polyvalent elements sulfur (S), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn). It was recently discovered that apatite can incorporate three oxidation states of S (S6+, S4+, S2-) into its structure as a function of oxygen fugacity [1]. However, the oxidation states of Mn and Fe in apatite are essentially unknown (2+ and/or 3+). In this study, we collected many electron probe line transects across apatites in several different host phases from a variety of S- and I-type plutons. The F-H-Cl contents of the S- and I-type LFB samples were similar ( 2.9 wt% F, 0.4 wt% Cl, 0.5 wt% OH). The CFM S-types contained virtually no Cl and ranged from near-endmember OH-apatite to near-endmember F-apatite. The apatites of all studied the S- and I-type plutons are characterized by similar ranges of Fe content (<1.5 wt% Fe), while Mn reaches much higher concentrations in the S-type when compared to I-type apatites (<6.5 wt% Mn). The S content of the apatites varies significantly, from <50 ppm S in the LFB S-types, up to 2,000 ppm S in the LFB I-types, and reaching 1,650 ppm S in the CFM S-types. The elevated S contents in the LFB I-type and CFM S-type apatites allowed us to measure the S oxidation states by using X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. The spectra show variability in S oxidation states ranging from mostly sulfate down to nearly equal S6+/S2- ratios, indicating redox variations during apatite formation. The S-type Mn + Fe content plots in a 1:1 ratio against calcium (Ca) in atoms per formula unit, while the I-type apatites have too low Mn and Fe to show a clear trend. Thus, divalent Mn and Fe probably replace Ca2+ in the S-types' apatite structure, while the incorporation of trivalent Mn or Fe in apatite is rather unlikely. We suggest that Mn and Fe contents in apatite may become a useful tracer of melt evolution once the distributions coefficients are experimentally calibrated. [1] Konecke et al. (2017), Am Mineral
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Determination of High-affinity Antibody-antigen Binding Kinetics Using Four Biosensor Platforms.
Yang, Danlin; Singh, Ajit; Wu, Helen; Kroe-Barrett, Rachel
2017-04-17
Label-free optical biosensors are powerful tools in drug discovery for the characterization of biomolecular interactions. In this study, we describe the use of four routinely used biosensor platforms in our laboratory to evaluate the binding affinity and kinetics of ten high-affinity monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against human proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9). While both Biacore T100 and ProteOn XPR36 are derived from the well-established Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technology, the former has four flow cells connected by serial flow configuration, whereas the latter presents 36 reaction spots in parallel through an improvised 6 x 6 crisscross microfluidic channel configuration. The IBIS MX96 also operates based on the SPR sensor technology, with an additional imaging feature that provides detection in spatial orientation. This detection technique coupled with the Continuous Flow Microspotter (CFM) expands the throughput significantly by enabling multiplex array printing and detection of 96 reaction sports simultaneously. In contrast, the Octet RED384 is based on the BioLayer Interferometry (BLI) optical principle, with fiber-optic probes acting as the biosensor to detect interference pattern changes upon binding interactions at the tip surface. Unlike the SPR-based platforms, the BLI system does not rely on continuous flow fluidics; instead, the sensor tips collect readings while they are immersed in analyte solutions of a 384-well microplate during orbital agitation. Each of these biosensor platforms has its own advantages and disadvantages. To provide a direct comparison of these instruments' ability to provide quality kinetic data, the described protocols illustrate experiments that use the same assay format and the same high-quality reagents to characterize antibody-antigen kinetics that fit the simple 1:1 molecular interaction model.
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78 FR 18325 - Defense Transportation Regulation, Part IV
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-03-26
... received in connection with the Defense Personal Property Program (DP3) Phase III Direct Procurement Method... at http://www.transcom.mil/dtr/part-iv/phaseiii.cfm (DPM SECTION). All identified changes will be... Defense Personal Property System (DPS) Phase III programming projected for FY17. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION...
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76 FR 36095 - Defense Transportation Regulation, Part IV
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-06-21
... with the Defense Personal Property Program (DP3) Phase III Domestic Small Shipments (dS2) and... Regulation, Part IV Web site at http://www.transcom.mil/dtr/part-iv/phaseiii.cfm . All identified changes... based on completion of Defense Personal Property System (DPS) Phase III programming projected for FY15...
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Cylindrical Vector Beams for Rapid Polarization-Dependent Measurements in Atomic Systems
2011-12-05
www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-24-25035. 16. S. Tripathi and K. C. Toussaint, Jr., “Rapid Mueller matrix polarimetry based on parallelized...optical trapping [11], atom guiding [12], laser machining [13], charged particle acceleration [14,15], and polarimetry [16]. Yet despite numerous
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78 FR 34605 - Airworthiness Directives; CFM International S.A. Turbofan Engines
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-06-10
... with a handcranking pad ``oil dynamic seal'' assembly. This proposed AD was prompted by 42 events of... of the pad cover for maintenance until installation of a handcranking pad oil dynamic seal assembly... maintenance. Introduction of a handcranking pad oil dynamic seal is available as an optional terminating...
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ENERGY STAR Certified Audio Video
Certified models meet all ENERGY STAR requirements as listed in the Version 3.0 ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Audio Video Equipment that are effective as of May 1, 2013. A detailed listing of key efficiency criteria are available at http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=audio_dvd.pr_crit_audio_dvd
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2009-09-01
Patrick Kirwin: www.sei.cmu.edu/library/abstracts/webinars/18jul2008.cfm Also see: www.sei.cmu.edu/prime ISO 9001/15504/ 12207 /15288 Process...Improvement with CMMI V1.2 and ISO Standards by Boris Mutafelija and Harvey Stromberg (Book) www.sei.cmu.edu/library/abstracts/presentations/Mutafelija
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-09-04
...--Intersection of Cloud Computing and Mobility Forum and Workshop AGENCY: National Institute of Standards and.../intersection-of-cloud-and-mobility.cfm . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: NIST hosted six prior Cloud Computing Forum... interoperability, portability, and security, discuss the Federal Government's experience with cloud computing...
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Limited English Speakers and the Miranda Rights
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Briere, Eugene J.
1978-01-01
This paper describes the process used to determine if a Thai individual, of a limited English speaking background, seemed to have enough proficiency in English to understand the "Miranda Rights," designed to inform him of his rights to an attorney. These Rights should be simplified for limited English speakers. (CFM)
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Critiche a Noam Chomsky: ieri e oggi (Criticism of Noam Chomsky: Yesterday and Today).
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Titone, Renzo
1991-01-01
For the past 30 years, much has been written about the works of Noam Chomsky. A comparison is presented of the latest writings about Chomsky (in particular P.M.S. Hacker's 1990 work) with those written in the early 1960s. (CFM)
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78 FR 64478 - Request for Comments on the Preliminary Cybersecurity Framework
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-10-29
... February 26, 2013, and a series of open public workshops. The preliminary Framework was developed in..., methodologies, procedures and processes that align policy, business, and technological approaches to address....nist.gov/itl/cyberframework.cfm . DATES: Comments must be received by 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time December...
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75 FR 114 - 36(b)(1) Arms Sales Notification
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-01-04
... and 09-78] 36(b)(1) Arms Sales Notification AGENCY: Defense Security Cooperation Agency, DoD. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Department of Defense is publishing the unclassified text of six section 36(b)(1... 1996. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. B. English, DSCA/DBO/CFM, (703) 601-3740. SUPPLEMENTARY...
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48 CFR 352.239-70 - Standard for security configurations.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
... configure its computers that contain HHS data with the applicable Federal Desktop Core Configuration (FDCC) (see http://nvd.nist.gov/fdcc/index.cfm) and ensure that its computers have and maintain the latest... technology (IT) that is used to process information on behalf of HHS. The following security configuration...
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48 CFR 352.239-70 - Standard for security configurations.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-10-01
... configure its computers that contain HHS data with the applicable Federal Desktop Core Configuration (FDCC) (see http://nvd.nist.gov/fdcc/index.cfm) and ensure that its computers have and maintain the latest... technology (IT) that is used to process information on behalf of HHS. The following security configuration...
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Phonology and Language: A Historical Perspective
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Arezzo, Emilia La Pergola
1978-01-01
This article first gives the definition of "phonology" most widely accepted today, and then illustrates briefly the role that phonology has had in the works of European and American linguists, such as De Saussure, Trubetckoj, Sapir, Bloomfield, H. Sweet, D. Jones, O. Jesperson, K. Pike, Trager and Smith, and N. Chomsky. (CFM)
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A Perfect Storm: The Dynamics Confronting U.S. Agribusiness
2008-01-01
Wangari Maathai, "Let Nature’s Harvest Continue: African Counter-Statement to Monsanto ," Review of African Political Economy 25, no. 77 (Sep, 1998...Research/ energyandenvironment/wm1879.cfm#_ftn2. Maathai, Wangari. "Let Nature’s Harvest Continue: African Counter-Statement to Monsanto ." Review
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ENERGY STAR Certified Ventilating Fans
Certified models meet all ENERGY STAR requirements as listed in the Version 4.0 ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Ventilating Fans that are effective as of October 1, 2015. A detailed listing of key efficiency criteria are available at http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=vent_fans.pr_crit_vent_fans
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ENERGY STAR Certified Ceiling Fans
Certified models meet all ENERGY STAR requirements as listed in the Version 3.0 ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Ceiling Fans that are effective as of April 1, 2012. A detailed listing of key efficiency criteria are available at http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=ceiling_fans.pr_crit_ceiling_fans
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77 FR 31588 - 36(b)(1) Arms Sales Notification
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-05-29
... is published to fulfill the requirements of section 155 of Public Law 104-164 dated July 21, 1996. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. B. English, DSCA/DBO/CFM, (703) 601-3740. The following is a copy... transmittal, policy justification, and Sensitivity of Technology. Dated: May 22, 2012. Aaron Siegel, Alternate...
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hill, Jane H.
1977-01-01
This article reviews the possibilities that a comparative, functionally oriented view of communication evolution offers to a linguist interested in the evolution of human languages and suggests a wide variety of areas which might be further investigated with profit. (CFM)
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The Regional Novel as Textbook
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dubois, Betty Lou
1978-01-01
Describes a novel suitable for university-level English as a foreign language (EFL) courses, Oliver Lafarge's "Laughing Boy." Students are interested in the personal drama of a young Navajo, as well as the broader question of the clash of Navajo and American cultures. Suggestions are given for using this book. (CFM)
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Aglaich Savaaksrat (Alphabet).
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Pulu, Tupou L.; And Others
This first grade workbook is designed for children in bilingual Inupiat-English programs in the Alaskan villages of Ambler, Kiana, Kobuk, Noorvik, Selawik, and Shungnak. Each page has a particular letter, a black-and-white drawing which represents a word which contains this letter, and lines the child is to use for writing the letter. (CFM)
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75 FR 53024 - Change to “Procedures To Qualify for Bulk Purchase of Gold Bullion Coins”
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-08-30
....usmint.gov/consumer/index.cfm?action=AmericanEagles ) These changes apply to new applications effective immediately. Significant modifications include clarifications to the ``Purpose'' section and ``Marketing... FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: B. B. Craig, Associate Director for Sales and Marketing; United States Mint...
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47 CFR 5.61 - Procedure for obtaining a special temporary authorization.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-10-01
... Office of Engineering and Technology Web site https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/els/index.cfm...) Frequency(ies) desired. (9) Maximum effective radiated power (ERP) or equivalent isotrophically radiated power (EIRP). (10) Emission designator (see § 2.201 of this chapter) or describe emission (bandwidth...
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Provisional assessment of recent studies on health and ecological effects of ozone exposure
A reconsideration of the national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for O3 is currently underway. The last Air Quality Criteria Document for Ozone and Related Photochemical Oxidants (O...
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47 CFR 15.38 - Incorporation by reference.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
..., 25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036 or at http://webstore.ansi.org/ansidocstore/default.asp; or Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers at http://www.scte.org/standards/index.cfm...: Consumer Electronics Association, 2500 Wilson Blvd., Arlington, VA 22201 or at http://www.ce.org...
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48 CFR 352.239-70 - Standard for security configurations.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-10-01
... configure its computers that contain HHS data with the applicable Federal Desktop Core Configuration (FDCC) (see http://nvd.nist.gov/fdcc/index.cfm) and ensure that its computers have and maintain the latest... technology (IT) that is used to process information on behalf of HHS. The following security configuration...
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48 CFR 352.239-70 - Standard for security configurations.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-10-01
... configure its computers that contain HHS data with the applicable Federal Desktop Core Configuration (FDCC) (see http://nvd.nist.gov/fdcc/index.cfm) and ensure that its computers have and maintain the latest... technology (IT) that is used to process information on behalf of HHS. The following security configuration...
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48 CFR 352.239-70 - Standard for security configurations.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-10-01
... configure its computers that contain HHS data with the applicable Federal Desktop Core Configuration (FDCC) (see http://nvd.nist.gov/fdcc/index.cfm) and ensure that its computers have and maintain the latest... technology (IT) that is used to process information on behalf of HHS. The following security configuration...
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40 CFR Appendix I to Part 204 - Appendix I to Part 204
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-07-01
... plane composition: Operating speed as tested: Beginning of test rpm End of test rpm Air pressure... acceptance not permitted for this number of batches. Table IV—Recommended Format for Portable Air Compressor... capacity: cfm (m3/in). Configuration identification: Category identification: Portable air compressor...
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40 CFR Appendix I to Part 204 - Appendix I to Part 204
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-07-01
... plane composition: Operating speed as tested: Beginning of test rpm End of test rpm Air pressure... acceptance not permitted for this number of batches. Table IV—Recommended Format for Portable Air Compressor... capacity: cfm (m3/in). Configuration identification: Category identification: Portable air compressor...
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40 CFR Appendix I to Part 204 - Appendix I to Part 204
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-07-01
... plane composition: Operating speed as tested: Beginning of test rpm End of test rpm Air pressure... acceptance not permitted for this number of batches. Table IV—Recommended Format for Portable Air Compressor... capacity: cfm (m3/in). Configuration identification: Category identification: Portable air compressor...
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Experiments with Cloze Procedure
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Evans, Gordon; Haastrup, Kirsten
1976-01-01
The Nordic Test Development Group prepared proficiency tests of English designed to provide reliable information on which to base decisions as to whether a candidate would be able to function in a job as described or whether he could be trained to do so. Two subtests used a modified cloze procedure. (Author/CFM)
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Optical levitation of a microdroplet containing a single quantum dot
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Minowa, Yosuke; Kawai, Ryoichi; Ashida, Masaaki
2015-03-01
We demonstrate the optical levitation or trapping in helium gas of a single quantum dot (QD) within a liquid droplet. Bright single photon emission from the levitated QD in the droplet was observed for more than 200 s. The observed photon count rates are consistent with the value theoretically estimated from the two-photon-action cross section. This paper presents the realization of an optically levitated solid-state quantum emitter. This paper was published in Optics Letters and is made available as an electronic reprint with the permission of OSA. The paper can be found at the following URL on the OSA website: https://www.opticsinfobase.org/ol/abstract.cfm?uri=ol-40-6-906. Systematic or multiple reproduction or distribution to multiple locations via electronic or other means is prohibited and is subject to penalties under law.
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47 CFR 2.913 - Submittal of equipment authorization application or information to the Commission.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-10-01
... COMMISSION GENERAL FREQUENCY ALLOCATIONS AND RADIO TREATY MATTERS; GENERAL RULES AND REGULATIONS Equipment... must be filed electronically via the Internet. Information on the procedures for electronically filing... from the Internet at https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/eas/index.cfm. (b) Unless otherwise directed...
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47 CFR 2.913 - Submittal of equipment authorization application or information to the Commission.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-10-01
... COMMISSION GENERAL FREQUENCY ALLOCATIONS AND RADIO TREATY MATTERS; GENERAL RULES AND REGULATIONS Equipment... must be filed electronically via the Internet. Information on the procedures for electronically filing... from the Internet at https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/eas/index.cfm. (b) Unless otherwise directed...
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47 CFR 2.913 - Submittal of equipment authorization application or information to the Commission.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-10-01
... COMMISSION GENERAL FREQUENCY ALLOCATIONS AND RADIO TREATY MATTERS; GENERAL RULES AND REGULATIONS Equipment... must be filed electronically via the Internet. Information on the procedures for electronically filing... from the Internet at https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/eas/index.cfm. (b) Unless otherwise directed...
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47 CFR 2.913 - Submittal of equipment authorization application or information to the Commission.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-10-01
... COMMISSION GENERAL FREQUENCY ALLOCATIONS AND RADIO TREATY MATTERS; GENERAL RULES AND REGULATIONS Equipment... must be filed electronically via the Internet. Information on the procedures for electronically filing... from the Internet at https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/eas/index.cfm. (b) Unless otherwise directed...
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47 CFR 5.61 - Procedure for obtaining a special temporary authorization.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
... Office of Engineering and Technology Web site https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/els/index.cfm effective January 1, 2004 and shall contain the following information: (1) Name, address, phone number (also... proposed operation. (5) Class(es) of station (fixed, mobile, fixed and mobile) and call sign of station (if...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-12-29
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have not met the certification criteria... Myers, FL. TA-W-80,026; Computer Task Group, Mechanicsburg, PA. TA-W-80,047; Cenveo, Inc., Springfield... Department's Web site at tradeact/taa/taa--search--form.cfm under the searchable listing of determinations or...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-12-06
... reconsideration investigation revealed that the following workers groups have met the certification criteria under... Salt Lake City, UT: March 24, 2010. TA-W-80,153; Intercontinental Hotels Group, Alpharetta, GA: May 4... available on the Department's Web site at tradeact/taa/taa-- search--form.cfm under the searchable listing...
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Lingua inglese nella scuola materna (English in Preschool).
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Splendori, Adriana; Banzato, Donata
1988-01-01
Describes an English language course for four- and five-year-old Italian children in a preschool in Padua, Italy. Twice weekly, during 40-minute periods, children participate in games and activities designed to teach them names of objects in the classroom, colors, numbers, animals, family members, clothing, food, body parts, and possessives. (CFM)
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Di Silvestre, Flavio
1988-01-01
Discusses an article written by three Soviet teachers who analyze studies conducted in the area of foreign language teaching, particularly the teaching of Russian. Their focus is on the methodological principles of an approach that integrates the teaching of the four skills (listening, speaking, reading, writing). (CFM)
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Experiences in the Bilingual Education of a Child of Pre-School Age.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Zierer, Ernesto
1978-01-01
This article describes a plan to develop bilingualism carried out by the parents of a child of pre-school age who died of brain cancer at the age of five. The child learned German, the language of his father, and Spanish, the language of his mother, consecutively. (CFM)
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cavaliere, Roberto
1988-01-01
Discusses a study of the expressive qualities of oral language. Results suggest that there is a natural rather than an arbitrary relationship between words and their meanings. Practical applications of this theory of phonetic symbolism in the area of commercial advertising are presented. (CFM)
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-06-17
...: Table 1--Entities Potentially Regulated by This Permit North American Examples of affected Industry... intend the preceding table to be exhaustive, but provides it as a guide for readers regarding entities.../wastetech/guide/construction/index.cfm . B. Extension of Comment Period EPA is extending the deadline for...
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75 FR 39258 - Proposed Agency Information Collection Activities; Comment Request
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-07-08
... collections, along with an analysis of comments and recommendations received, will be submitted to the Board... by Reg H-3, by any of the following methods: Agency Web site: http://www.federalreserve.gov . Follow.../reportforms/review.cfm or may be requested from the agency clearance officer, whose name appears below...
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75 FR 107 - 36(b)(1) Arms Sales Notification
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-01-04
... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Office of the Secretary [Transmittal Nos. 09-67 and 09-72] 36(b)(1) Arms... Department of Defense is publishing the unclassified text of two section 36(b)(1) arms sales notifications to... CONTACT: Ms. B. English, DSCA/DBO/CFM, (703) 601-3740. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The following are copies...
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76 FR 35188 - 36(b)(1) Arms Sales Notification
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-06-16
... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Office of the Secretary [Transmittal Nos. 11-22] 36(b)(1) Arms Sales... Department of Defense is publishing the unclassified text of a section 36(b)(1) arms sales notification. This.... FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. B. English, DSCA/DBO/CFM, (703) 601-3740. The following is a copy...
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75 FR 42708 - 36(b)(1) Arms Sales Notifications
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-07-22
... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Office of the Secretary [Transmittal Nos. 10-09, 10-33, and 10-37] 36(b)(1... Department of Defense is publishing the unclassified text of three section 36(b)(1) arms sales notifications... INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. B. English, DSCA/DBO/CFM, (703) 601-3740. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The following...
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75 FR 62792 - 36(b)(1) Arms Sales Notifications
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-10-13
... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Office of the Secretary [Transmittal Nos. 10-20, 10-23, and 10-42] 36(b)(1... Department of Defense is publishing the unclassified text of three section 36(b)(1) arms sales notifications... INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. B. English, DSCA/DBO/CFM, (703) 601-3740. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The following...
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75 FR 62767 - 36(b)(1) Arms Sales Notifications
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-10-13
..., 10-61, and 10-63] 36(b)(1) Arms Sales Notifications AGENCY: Defense Security Cooperation Agency, DoD... 36(b)(1) arms sales notifications to fulfill the requirements of section 155 of Public Law 104-164, dated 21 July 1996. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. B. English, DSCA/DBO/CFM, (703) 601-3740...
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78 FR 52431 - Amendments to ONRR's Service of Official Correspondence
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-08-23
... shelf, Electronic funds transfers, Geothermal energy, Indians--lands, Mineral royalties, Oil and gas... site at http://www.doi.gov/ocio/information_management/iq.cfm . Effects on the Energy Supply (E.O. 13211) This direct final rule is not a significant energy action under the definition in E.O. 13211, and...
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78 FR 701 - 36(b)(1) Arms Sales Notification
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-01-04
... military balance in the region. The principal contractors will be 3Di Technologies and L-3 Communications.... FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. B. English, DSCA/DBO/CFM, (703) 601-3740. The following is a copy... elements of logistics and program support. (iv) Military Department: Army (AAO, Amd 6) (v) Prior Related...
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1991-08-01
sieve and hopcalite using Bauer cartridge No. 068416. The molecular sieve absorbs oil and water vapors. The hopcalite converts carbon monoxide (CO) to...Molecular Sieve (058825)/ Hopcalite (068416) Cartridge purification system Evaluation. 4. MIL-C-52973A(ME) Military Specification Compressor Unit, 20 CFM
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2012-06-17
53 Democratic Leadership Council, “A New Covenant for American Security: address at Georgetown University,” http://www.dlc.org/ndol_ci.cfm?kaid...Company Publishers, Inc., 2002. Democratic Leadership Council, “A New Covenant for American Security: address at Georgetown University,” http
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Pope, Mary L.; And Others
This story about a boy named Denny is a preprimer designed for children in bilingual Inupiat-English programs in the Alaskan villages of Ambler, Kobuk, Kiana, Noorvik and Shungnak. Each page of text is illustrated with a black-and-white drawing. The English equivalent is given at the back and is not included in student copies of the book. (CFM)
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78 FR 57538 - Proposed Waste Confidence Rule and Draft Generic Environmental Impact Statement
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-09-19
....nrc.gov/public-involve/public-meetings/index.cfm no later than 10 days prior to the meetings. Dated at... storage of spent nuclear fuel beyond a reactor's licensed life for operation and prior to ultimate... the proposed Waste Confidence rule and DGEIS in order to maximize public participation at these...
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78 FR 56621 - Draft Waste Confidence Generic Environmental Impact Statement
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-09-13
.../public-involve/public-meetings/index.cfm no later than 10 days prior to the meetings. Dated at Rockville... licensed life for operation and prior to ultimate disposal (proposed Waste Confidence rule). The NRC staff... confirming receipt, then contact us at 301-415-1677. Fax comments to: Secretary, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory...
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Is the US Investing Wisely in Latin America? Let Us Take a Closer Look at Ecuador
2009-04-01
approximately $90 million to programs like the Andean Counterdrug Program, Child Survival and Health, Development Assistance, Economic Support Fund...Delamer, Goldstein, and Porn , p. 95. See also “Russia Warily Finesses China Ties,” Stratfor.com, www.cdi.org/russia/216 10.cfm, July 24, 2002
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Deutsch, Werner
1979-01-01
The purpose of this study was to determine what effect exposure to linguistic input pertinent to kinship terms and kinship relations has on the acquisition of the meaning of such terms. The subjects were 84 German children living in families, and 84 orphans. (Author/CFM)
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ENERGY STAR Certified Geothermal Heat Pumps
Certified models meet all ENERGY STAR requirements as listed in the Version 3.0 ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Geothermal Heat Pumps that are effective as of January 1, 2012. A detailed listing of key efficiency criteria are available at http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=geo_heat.pr_crit_geo_heat_pumps
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Francescato, Giuseppe
1978-01-01
This article discusses the linguistic background of two Italian children who lived with their parents for an extended period of time in Holland and for a brief time in Puerto Rico and spent vacations in Italy where their relatives spoke the dialects of Veneto and Friuli. (CFM)
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Salvi, Rita
1988-01-01
A series on language teaching and learning for teachers includes books on the following topics: (1) psycholinguistics (Titone); (2) the role of the brain in language acquisition (Danesi); (3) the creative language of children (Crema & De Robertis); and (4) suggestopedia (Lozanov & Gateva). (CFM)
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Franchi, Annalisa
1988-01-01
Analyzes the results of a study undertaken in Switzerland, which was designed to determine the degree of integration of non-Italian children in Italian-language nursery schools in the German part of Switzerland. Attempts to synthesize the ethnic and lingusitic elements of the study are made. (CFM)
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L'uso della metafora nell'educazione linguistica (Use of the Metaphor in Language Instruction).
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mininni, Giuseppe
1986-01-01
Urges educators to utilize metaphors in language instruction. Two experiments support this position. The results of the first experiment reveal that students learn lexical items more efficiently if presented in metaphors. The results of the second experiment indicate the usefulness of metaphors in developing students' critical thinking. (CFM)
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ENERGY STAR Certified Commercial Hot Food Holding Cabinet
Certified models meet all ENERGY STAR requirements as listed in the Version 2.0 ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Commercial Hot Food Holding Cabinets that are effective as of October 1, 2011. A detailed listing of key efficiency criteria are available at http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=hfhc.pr_crit_hfhc
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Cellular Force Microscopy for in Vivo Measurements of Plant Tissue Mechanics1[W][OA
Routier-Kierzkowska, Anne-Lise; Weber, Alain; Kochova, Petra; Felekis, Dimitris; Nelson, Bradley J.; Kuhlemeier, Cris; Smith, Richard S.
2012-01-01
Although growth and morphogenesis are controlled by genetics, physical shape change in plant tissue results from a balance between cell wall loosening and intracellular pressure. Despite recent work demonstrating a role for mechanical signals in morphogenesis, precise measurement of mechanical properties at the individual cell level remains a technical challenge. To address this challenge, we have developed cellular force microscopy (CFM), which combines the versatility of classical microindentation techniques with the high automation and resolution approaching that of atomic force microscopy. CFM’s large range of forces provides the possibility to map the apparent stiffness of both plasmolyzed and turgid tissue as well as to perform micropuncture of cells using very high stresses. CFM experiments reveal that, within a tissue, local stiffness measurements can vary with the level of turgor pressure in an unexpected way. Altogether, our results highlight the importance of detailed physically based simulations for the interpretation of microindentation results. CFM’s ability to be used both to assess and manipulate tissue mechanics makes it a method of choice to unravel the feedbacks between mechanics, genetics, and morphogenesis. PMID:22353572
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Thermal Performance of a Cryogenic Fluid Management Cubesat Mission
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Berg, J. J.; Oliveira, J. M.; Congiardo, J. F.; Walls, L. K.; Putman, P. T.; Haberbusch, M. S.
2013-01-01
Development for an in-space demonstration of a CubeS at as a Cryogenic Fluid Management (CFM) test bed is currently underway. The favorable economics of CubeSats make them appealing for technology development activity. While their size limits testing to smaller scales, many of the regimes relevant to CFM can still be achieved. The first demo flight of this concept, CryoCube®-1, will focus on oxygen liquefaction and low-gravity level sensing using Reduced Gravity CryoTracker®. An extensive thermal modeling effort has been underway to both demonstrate concept feasibility and drive the prototype design. The satellite will utilize both a sun- and earth-shield to passively cool its experimental tank below 115 K. An on-board gas generator will create high pressure gaseous oxygen, which will be throttled into a bottle in the experimental node and condensed. The resulting liquid will be used to perform various experiments related to level sensing. Modeling efforts have focused on the spacecraft thermal performance and its effects on condensation in the experimental node. Parametric analyses for both optimal and suboptimal conditions have been considered and are presented herein.
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Mediation in dyadic data at the level of the dyads: a Structural Equation Modeling approach.
Ledermann, Thomas; Macho, Siegfried
2009-10-01
An extended version of the Common Fate Model (CFM) is presented to estimate and test mediation in dyadic data. The model can be used for distinguishable dyad members (e.g., heterosexual couples) or indistinguishable dyad members (e.g., homosexual couples) if (a) the variables measure characteristics of the dyadic relationship or shared external influences that affect both partners; if (b) the causal associations between the variables should be analyzed at the dyadic level; and if (c) the measured variables are reliable indicators of the latent variables. To assess mediation using Structural Equation Modeling, a general three-step procedure is suggested. The first is a selection of a good fitting model, the second a test of the direct effects, and the third a test of the mediating effect by means of bootstrapping. The application of the model along with the procedure for assessing mediation is illustrated using data from 184 couples on marital problems, communication, and marital quality. Differences with the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model and the analysis of longitudinal mediation by using the CFM are discussed.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Lee, En-Jui; Chen, Po
2017-04-01
More precise spatial descriptions of fault systems play an essential role in tectonic interpretations, deformation modeling, and seismic hazard assessments. The recent developed full-3D waveform tomography techniques provide high-resolution images and are able to image the material property differences across faults to assist the understanding of fault systems. In the updated seismic velocity model for Southern California, CVM-S4.26, many velocity gradients show consistency with surface geology and major faults defined in the Community Fault Model (CFM) (Plesch et al. 2007), which was constructed by using various geological and geophysical observations. In addition to faults in CFM, CVM-S4.26 reveals a velocity reversal mainly beneath the San Gabriel Mountain and Western Mojave Desert regions, which is correlated with the detachment structure that has also been found in other independent studies. The high-resolution tomographic images of CVM-S4.26 could assist the understanding of fault systems in Southern California and therefore benefit the development of fault models as well as other applications, such as seismic hazard analysis, tectonic reconstructions, and crustal deformation modeling.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Filippone, Antonio
2014-07-01
This contribution addresses the state-of-the-art in the field of aircraft noise prediction, simulation and minimisation. The point of view taken in this context is that of comprehensive models that couple the various aircraft systems with the acoustic sources, the propagation and the flight trajectories. After an exhaustive review of the present predictive technologies in the relevant fields (airframe, propulsion, propagation, aircraft operations, trajectory optimisation), the paper addresses items for further research and development. Examples are shown for several airplanes, including the Airbus A319-100 (CFM engines), the Bombardier Dash8-Q400 (PW150 engines, Dowty R408 propellers) and the Boeing B737-800 (CFM engines). Predictions are done with the flight mechanics code FLIGHT. The transfer function between flight mechanics and the noise prediction is discussed in some details, along with the numerical procedures for validation and verification. Some code-to-code comparisons are shown. It is contended that the field of aircraft noise prediction has not yet reached a sufficient level of maturity. In particular, some parametric effects cannot be investigated, issues of accuracy are not currently addressed, and validation standards are still lacking.
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47 CFR 2.929 - Changes in name, address, ownership or control of grantee.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-10-01
... ALLOCATIONS AND RADIO TREATY MATTERS; GENERAL RULES AND REGULATIONS Equipment Authorization Procedures... submitted to the Commission via the Internet at https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/eas/index.cfm within... manufacturing rights, notice must be given to the Commission via the Internet at https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod...
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47 CFR 2.929 - Changes in name, address, ownership or control of grantee.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-10-01
... ALLOCATIONS AND RADIO TREATY MATTERS; GENERAL RULES AND REGULATIONS Equipment Authorization Procedures... submitted to the Commission via the Internet at https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/eas/index.cfm within... manufacturing rights, notice must be given to the Commission via the Internet at https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod...
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47 CFR 2.929 - Changes in name, address, ownership or control of grantee.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-10-01
... ALLOCATIONS AND RADIO TREATY MATTERS; GENERAL RULES AND REGULATIONS Equipment Authorization Procedures... submitted to the Commission via the Internet at https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/eas/index.cfm within... manufacturing rights, notice must be given to the Commission via the Internet at https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod...
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47 CFR 2.929 - Changes in name, address, ownership or control of grantee.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-10-01
... ALLOCATIONS AND RADIO TREATY MATTERS; GENERAL RULES AND REGULATIONS Equipment Authorization Procedures... submitted to the Commission via the Internet at https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod/oet/cf/eas/index.cfm within... manufacturing rights, notice must be given to the Commission via the Internet at https://gullfoss2.fcc.gov/prod...
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Baroni, Maria Rosa; And Others
1977-01-01
An experiment was carried out to study the processes of linguistic memory. Subjects were asked to read aloud brief prose passages and repeat what they had read. The "deviations" from the original passages were analyzed to determine the time of the deviation, during decoding or recall. (Text is in Italian.) (CFM)
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The National Security Strategy Under the United Nations and International Law
2004-03-19
a result of that war." This was addressed in 1951 by Hans Kelsen in a legal analysis of fundamental problems with the UN Charter. He concluded that...www.zmag.org/content/print_article.cfm>; Internet; accessed 31 January 2004. 36 Charter of the United Nations, Article 107. 37 Kearly, 27–28. 38 Hans Kelsen
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Chiti-Batelli, Andrea
1986-01-01
Warns the European community of the dangers of accepting English as the international language and urges the adoption of Esperanto, a neutral language without its own cultural tradition, as the international lingua franca. (CFM)
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Information Sharing from 9-1-1 Centers
2014-09-01
Police Chief, 2014, http://www.policechiefmagazine.org/ magazine /index.cfm?fuseaction=display_arch&article_id=1199&issue _id=62007. 2 “9-1-1 History...Homeland Security Magazine ,51 discusses the pros and cons of using social media to 49 Jennifer E...Information Dilemmas in Biotechnology : Organizational Boundaries As Trust Production, NBER WorkingPaper No. 5199, National Bureau of Economic
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-03-01
... EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF THE UNITED STATES Content Policy This notice is to inform the public that the Export-Import Bank of the United States is in the process of reviewing its content policy. A list of the questions and issues that the Bank is addressing can be accessed here: http://www.exim.gov/generalbankpolicies/content/2013-Content-Review.cfm...
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L'Uso dei Materiali Video nei Test Linguistici (The Use of Video Materials in Language Tests).
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Diadori, Pierangela
1995-01-01
This article argues that a communicative language course must have communicative exams. It explains how to choose and use material to test students' listening comprehension and socio-cultural knowledge. Transcripts of a commercial, a talk show, a film, a TV news show, and a documentary are included accompanied by exercises. (CFM)
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-06-15
... Construction & Facilities Management (00CFM1A), Department of Veterans Affairs, 810 Vermont Avenue, NW... Affairs Facilities; Notice of Meeting The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) gives notice under Public... Safety of Department of Veterans Affairs Facilities will be held on June 24-25, 2010, in Room 442, Export...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-04-14
... Quality Service, Office of Construction and Facilities Management (00CFM1A), Department of Veterans... Affairs Facilities; Notice of Meeting The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) gives notice under Public... Safety of Department of Veterans Affairs Facilities will be held on May 12-13, 2011, in Room 442, at the...
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46 CFR 160.047-1 - Incorporation by reference.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-10-01
... reference to the following documents: (1) Federal Specification: L-P-375C—Plastic Film, Flexible, Vinyl... part of this subpart: Dwg. No. 160.047-1: Sheet 1, Rev. 2—Cutting Pattern and General Arrangement, Models AK-1, and AF-1. Sheet 2, Rev. 2—Cutting Pattern and General Arrangement, Models CKM-1 and CFM-1...
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46 CFR 160.047-1 - Incorporation by reference.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-10-01
... reference to the following documents: (1) Federal Specification: L-P-375C—Plastic Film, Flexible, Vinyl... part of this subpart: Dwg. No. 160.047-1: Sheet 1, Rev. 2—Cutting Pattern and General Arrangement, Models AK-1, and AF-1. Sheet 2, Rev. 2—Cutting Pattern and General Arrangement, Models CKM-1 and CFM-1...
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46 CFR 160.047-1 - Incorporation by reference.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-10-01
... reference to the following documents: (1) Federal Specification: L-P-375C—Plastic Film, Flexible, Vinyl... part of this subpart: Dwg. No. 160.047-1: Sheet 1, Rev. 2—Cutting Pattern and General Arrangement, Models AK-1, and AF-1. Sheet 2, Rev. 2—Cutting Pattern and General Arrangement, Models CKM-1 and CFM-1...
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46 CFR 160.047-1 - Incorporation by reference.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-10-01
... reference to the following documents: (1) Federal Specification: L-P-375C—Plastic Film, Flexible, Vinyl... part of this subpart: Dwg. No. 160.047-1: Sheet 1, Rev. 2—Cutting Pattern and General Arrangement, Models AK-1, and AF-1. Sheet 2, Rev. 2—Cutting Pattern and General Arrangement, Models CKM-1 and CFM-1...
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40 CFR Appendix B to Part 61 - Test Methods
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... below 28 liters/min (1.0 cfm). 8.2.2Perform test runs such that samples are obtained over a period or... cyclic operations, run sufficient tests for the accurate determination of the emissions that occur over... indicated by reddening (liberation of free iodine) in the first impinger. In these cases, the sample run may...
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40 CFR Appendix B to Part 61 - Test Methods
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-07-01
... below 28 liters/min (1.0 cfm). 8.2.2Perform test runs such that samples are obtained over a period or... cyclic operations, run sufficient tests for the accurate determination of the emissions that occur over... indicated by reddening (liberation of free iodine) in the first impinger. In these cases, the sample run may...
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40 CFR Appendix B to Part 61 - Test Methods
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-07-01
... below 28 liters/min (1.0 cfm). 8.2.2Perform test runs such that samples are obtained over a period or... cyclic operations, run sufficient tests for the accurate determination of the emissions that occur over... indicated by reddening (liberation of free iodine) in the first impinger. In these cases, the sample run may...
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40 CFR Appendix B to Part 61 - Test Methods
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-07-01
... below 28 liters/min (1.0 cfm). 8.2.2Perform test runs such that samples are obtained over a period or... cyclic operations, run sufficient tests for the accurate determination of the emissions that occur over... indicated by reddening (liberation of free iodine) in the first impinger. In these cases, the sample run may...
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40 CFR Appendix B to Part 61 - Test Methods
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-07-01
... below 28 liters/min (1.0 cfm). 8.2.2Perform test runs such that samples are obtained over a period or... cyclic operations, run sufficient tests for the accurate determination of the emissions that occur over... indicated by reddening (liberation of free iodine) in the first impinger. In these cases, the sample run may...
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2005-03-01
computing equipment, the idea of computer security has also become embedded in our society. Ever since the Michelangelo virus of 1992, when...Bibliography TheWorldwide Michelangelo Virus Scare of 1992. Retrieved February 2, 2004 from http://www.vmyths.com/fas/fas_inc/inc1.cfm Allen, J
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Europe Report, Science and Technology.
1986-06-06
the question, of course , whether the combined treatment will cause chromosome damage. In the case of chromosomes from in vitro cultivated human ...latest acquisition, this division collaborates to major engine programs, in particular with Snecma ( Atar , CFM 56) and Turbomeca (ARTM 405). 9294 CSO...microbiology, enzymology, molecular and cell biology , organic chemistry, etc. Several large public research organizations are involved: CNRS [National
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Parameters: The US Army War College Quarterly. Volume 43, Number 4, Winter 2013-14
2014-01-01
papers.ssrn.com/ sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2175056 80 Parameters 43(4) Winter 2013-14 distributions ( fat -tailed events) and accordingly are...these nuggets of information appear as appended to the ends of paragraphs and sections, almost as if bolted on as an afterthought. This is a shame
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46 CFR 160.047-1 - Incorporation by reference.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
..., Models AK-1, and AF-1. Sheet 2, Rev. 2—Cutting Pattern and General Arrangement, Models CKM-1 and CFM-1. Sheet 3, Rev. 2—Cutting Pattern and General Arrangement, Models CKS-1 and CFS-1. Sheet 4, Rev. 1—Pad... Business Service Center, General Services Administration, Washington, DC 20407; (3) The military...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-08-28
... http://www.exim.gov/articles.cfm/board%20minute . Confidential Information: Please note that this... items being exported: To be sub-leased to SpiceJet for short- and medium-haul passenger air service in... Items Being Exported: Boeing 737 aircraft. Information on Decision: Information on the final decision...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-02-05
... be used for medium-haul passenger air service between Morocco and destinations in Europe, Africa and... aircraft. Information on Decision: Information on the final decision for this transaction will be available in the ``Summary Minutes of Meetings of Board of Directors'' on http://www.exim.gov/articles.cfm...
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78 FR 54789 - Proposed Waste Confidence Rule and Draft Generic Environmental Impact Statement
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-09-06
.../index.cfm no later than 10 days prior to the meetings. Dated at Rockville, Maryland, this 30th day of... storage of spent nuclear fuel beyond a reactor's licensed life for operation and prior to ultimate... the proposed Waste Confidence rule and DGEIS in order to maximize public participation at these...
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78 FR 65903 - Proposed Waste Confidence Rule and Draft Generic Environmental Impact Statement
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-11-04
.../public-involve/public-meetings/index.cfm no later than 10 days prior to each meeting. Dated at Rockville... reactor's licensed life for operation and prior to ultimate disposal (the proposed Waste Confidence rule... documents online in the NRC Library at http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/adams.html . To begin the search...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-10-01
... ASSIST websites: (1) ASSIST (https://assist.dla.mil/online/start/; (2) Quick Search (http://quicksearch.dla.mil/; (3) ASSISTdocs.com (http://assistdocs.com). (b) Documents not available from ASSIST may be... Wizard (https://assist.dla.mil/wizard/index.cfm); (2) Phoning the DoDSSP Customer Service Desk (215) 697...
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gak, V. G.
1977-01-01
Frequently, universities prepare philologists of Russian for future careers as researchers, when most of them will become teachers of Russian as a foreign language. This article suggests a course of studies more suitable for future teachers. (Text is in Italian.) (CFM)
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-12-30
... (EPA) has participated in several surveys to assess the impacts of cruise ship discharge of food waste... water discharges from docked cruise ships. The EPA also prepared a Cruise Ship Discharge Assessment... available at: http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/vwd/cruise_ship_disch_assess_report.cfm . Despite these and...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-04-11
... property interests, identity theft or fraud, or harm to the security or integrity of this system, then the... System (IDIS). System Location: Online at http://www.hud.gov/offices/cpd/systems/idis/idis.cfm... Information (PII) is not being released. If the Department suspects or has confirmed that the security or...
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Lee, Ben H; Santoni, Gregory W; Wood, Ezra C; Herndon, Scott C; Miake-Lye, Richard C; Zahniser, Mark S; Wofsy, Steven C; Munger, J William
2011-09-15
The Alternative Aviation Fuel Experiment (AAFEX), conducted in January of 2009 in Palmdale, California, quantified aerosol and gaseous emissions from a DC-8 aircraft equipped with CFM56-2C1 engines using both traditional and synthetic fuels. This study examines the emissions of nitrous acid (HONO) and nitrogen oxides (NO(x) = NO + NO(2)) measured 145 m behind the grounded aircraft. The fuel-based emission index (EI) for HONO increases approximately 6-fold from idle to takeoff conditions but plateaus between 65 and 100% of maximum rated engine thrust, while the EI for NO(x) increases continuously. At high engine power, NO(x) EI is greater when combusting traditional (JP-8) rather than Fischer-Tropsch fuels, while HONO exhibits the opposite trend. Additionally, hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) was identified in exhaust plumes emitted only during engine idle. Chemical reactions responsible for emissions and comparison to previous measurement studies are discussed.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Schaefer, T.; Blechschmidt, I.; Bouby, M.; Buechner, S.; Brendlé, J.; Geckeis, H.; Kupcik, T.; Goetz, R.; Hauser, W.; Heck, S.; Huber, F. M.; Lagos, M.; Martin, A. J.
2013-12-01
The influence of colloidal/nano-scale phases on the radionuclide (RNs) solubility and migration behavior is still one of the uncertainties in repository safety assessment [1]. Within the Colloid Formation and Migration (CFM) project at the Grimsel Test Site (GTS Switzerland) a huge geo-technical effort was taken to isolate hydraulically a shear-zone from the artificially introduced hydraulic gradient due to the tunnel construction. The construction is a combination of polymer resin impregnation of the tunnel surface and a steel torus to seal the tunnel surface. Natural outflow points of the MI shear zone were localized prior to the construction and sealed by surface packers. This design gives the opportunity to adjust the flow velocity in the fracture. After optimization of the experimental setup and injection procedure through a number of conservative tracer tests a license was granted in January 2012 by the Swiss regulator (BAG) to perform the first radionuclide tracer test under these low-flow conditions. The injection cocktail of 2.25L volume consisted of 101.4 × 2.5 mg/L montmorillonite clay colloids, whereas 8.9 × 0.4mg/L were present as synthetic montmorillonite with structural incorporated Ni. For details on the structural characterization of the Ni-montmorillonite phyllosilicate, see [2]. Beside the colloids and the conservative tracer Amino-G (1646 × 8ppb) the radioisotopes Na-22, Ba-133, Cs-137, Th-232, Np-237, Pu-242 and Am-243 were injected. The trivalent and tetravalent actinides were quantitatively associated with the colloids present as well as a part of the Cs, whereas Np(V) and Na are not bentonite colloid bond. For on-site colloid analysis a mobile Laser- Induced Breakdown Detection (LIBD) system similar to the one used in the CRR experiments [3] was transferred to Grimsel and installed in-line at the 'Pinkel' outlet to directly monitor the mobile colloid fraction throughout the experiment. The conservative tracer Amino-G was recovered quantitatively and for the weakly sorbing tracers analyzed by γ-spectrometry recoveries for Na-22, Cs-137 and Ba-133 of 64%, 10% and 1%, respectively, were found. The clay colloid recovery determined by LIBD and HR-ICP-MS analyzing Al and Ni as structural components of the clay particles provided 48-52%. For the initial quantitatively colloid associated actinides Am(III) and Pu(IV) a recovery of 21-22% and 30-35%, respectively, could be determined. Np recovery is significantly reduced to ~4 %, which hints to a kinetic controlled Np(V) reduction. The data obtained so far clearly show the mobility of bentonite derived montmorillonite colloids under near-natural flow conditions in the MI shear zone of the Grimsel Test Site [4]. The experimental data will be discussed in detail in the presentation. [1] T. Schäfer, et al. Appl. Geochem., 27 (2012) 390-403. [2] Reinholdt, et al., Nanomaterials, 3 (2013) 48-69. [3] H. Geckeis, et al., Radiochim. Acta, 92 (2004) 765-774. [4] www.grimsel.com
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8-Bit Gray Scale Images of Fingerprint Image Groups
National Institute of Standards and Technology Data Gateway
NIST 8-Bit Gray Scale Images of Fingerprint Image Groups (Web, free access) The NIST database of fingerprint images contains 2000 8-bit gray scale fingerprint image pairs. A newer version of the compression/decompression software on the CDROM can be found at the website http://www.nist.gov/itl/iad/ig/nigos.cfm as part of the NBIS package.
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43 CFR 2.41 - What search fees will you have to pay?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-10-01
... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false What search fees will you have to pay? 2.41 Section 2.41 Public Lands: Interior Office of the Secretary of the Interior FREEDOM OF INFORMATION... http://www.doi.gov/foia/fees-waivers.cfm. (d) Some requests may require retrieval of records stored at...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-04-14
... DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT [Docket No. FR-5396-N-02] Notice of Web Availability... on its Web site of its Notice of FY2010 Opportunity to Register and Other Important Information for... on the HUD Web site at http://www.hud.gov/offices/adm/grants/fundsavail.cfm . FOR FURTHER INFORMATION...
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Anding, Jenna D.; Boleman, Chris; Thompson, Britta
2007-01-01
A food safety education program developed for retail food establishments was evaluated to assess the extent to which participants were practicing selected behaviors linked to reducing the risk of foodborne disease both before and after the program. Scores from the state health department's Certified Food Manager (CFM) exam also were examined.…
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Chinese Investment in U.S. Aviation
2017-01-01
Safran (France) Engines (CFM International), in-flight entertainment Thales (France) Electrical wiring interconnection system (Shanghai SAIFEI...development of a domestic turbine -engine sector for narrow-body aircraft. For example, it calls for China to “accelerate the comprehensive establishment...cash.9 The Technify Motor/AVIC sub- sidiary, Continental Motors, later acquired United Turbine and UT Aeroparts Corporations in January 2015.10 Nexteer
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-10-28
... Development agency link on the Grants.gov/Find Web site at http://www.grants.gov/search/agency.do . A link to Grants.gov is also available on the HUD Web site at http://www.hud.gov/offices/adm/grants/fundsavail.cfm.... Applications must be submitted electronically through Grants.gov . FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Questions...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-07-23
... Urban Development agency link on the Grants.gov/Find Web site at http://www.grants.gov/search/agency.do and the HUD Web site at http://www.hud.gov/offices/adm/grants/fundsavail.cfm . A link to Grants.gov is... electronically through Grants.gov . FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For information concerning the Tribal...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-01-04
... agency link on the Grants.gov/Find Web site at http://www.grants.gov/search/agency.do . A link to Grants.gov is also available on the HUD Web site at http://www.hud.gov/offices/adm/grants/fundsavail.cfm... must be submitted electronically through Grants.gov . FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Questions...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-01-10
... using the Department of Housing and Urban Development agency link on the Grants.gov/Find Web site at http://www.grants.gov/search/agency.do . A link to Grants.gov is also available on the HUD Web site at http://www.hud.gov/offices/adm/grants/fundsavail.cfm . The Catalogue of Federal Domestic Assistance...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-07-23
... using the Department of Housing and Urban Development agency link on the Grants.gov/Find Web site at http://www.grants.gov/search/agency.do . A link to Grants.gov is also available on the HUD Web site at http://www.hud.gov/offices/adm/grants/fundsavail.cfm . The Catalogue of Federal Domestic Assistance...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-10-04
... using the Department of Housing and Urban Development agency link on the Grants.gov/Find Web site at http://www.grants.gov/search/agency.do . A link to Grants.gov is also available on the HUD Web site at http://www.hud.gov/offices/adm/grants/fundsavail.cfm . The Catalogue of Federal Domestic Assistance...
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49 CFR 579.6 - Address for submitting reports and other information.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-10-01
..., submissions under subpart B of this part must be submitted to [email protected]gov and submissions under § 579.5 must be submitted to [email protected]gov. (b)(1) Information, documents and reports that are submitted to NHTSA... identified on NHTSA's Web page http://www-odi.nhtsa.dot.gov/ewr/ewr.cfm. A manufacturer shall use the...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-04-13
....gov Web site at https://apply07.grants.gov/apply/forms_apps_idx.html . A link to Grants.gov is also available on the HUD Web site at http://www.hud.gov/offices/adm/grants/fundsavail.cfm . The Catalogue of... must be submitted electronically through Grants.gov . FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Questions...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-02-01
... agency link on the Grants.gov/Find Web site at http://www.grants.gov/search/agency.do . A link to Grants.gov is also available on the HUD Web site at http://www.hud.gov/offices/adm/grants/fundsavail.cfm... must be submitted electronically through Grants.gov . FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Questions...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-01-25
... of Board of Directors'' on http://www.exim.gov/articles.cfm/board%20minute . Confidential Information...-proprietary description of the anticipated use of the items being exported: To be used for short- and medium.... Guarantor(s): N/A. Description of Items Being Exported: Boeing 737 aircraft. Information on Decision...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-12-06
... provide short- and medium-haul airline service in Indonesia and Malaysia, and between Indonesia and.... Information On Decision: Information on the final decision for this transaction will be available in the ``Summary Minutes of Meetings of Board of Directors'' on http://www.exim.gov/articles.cfm/board%20minute...
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Titone, Renzo
1991-01-01
Summarizes and comments on two recent books, one by Birgit Harley and the other by David Singleton, that review the language research carried out to determine the importance of age in learning a second language. (CFM)
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tessarolo, Marisella
1989-01-01
Discusses Braga's contribution to the study of the sociology of language. Braga developed a dynamic interdisciplinary model of verbal communication based on theories of sociology and linguistics and stressed the importance of language in the acculturation of an individual and in the determination of that individual's status in society. (CFM)
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Comparative and Cumulative Energetic Costs of Odontocete Responses to Anthropogenic Disturbance
2015-09-30
Responses to Anthropogenic Disturbance Dawn P. Noren & Marla M. Holt NOAA NMFS Northwest Fisheries Science Center 2725 Montlake Blvd. East...divisions/cbd/marine_mammal/marinemammal.cfm LONG-TERM GOALS Cetacean responses to marine anthropogenic activities include changes in acoustic... marine mammals. OBJECTIVES This investigation comprises five major objectives, executed over three years. The objectives are: (1) compare the
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78 FR 2644 - Airworthiness Directives; CFM International, S.A. Turbofan Engines
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-01-14
... corrosion of the delta P valve in the hydromechanical unit (HMU) caused by contaminants in type TS-1 fuel..., Washington, DC 20590-0001. Hand Delivery: Deliver to Mail address above between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday....gov ; or in person at the Docket Operations office between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday...
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Challenges in leveraging existing human performance data for quantifying the IDHEAS HRA method
Liao, Huafei N.; Groth, Katrina; Stevens-Adams, Susan
2015-07-29
Our article documents an exploratory study for collecting and using human performance data to inform human error probability (HEP) estimates for a new human reliability analysis (HRA) method, the IntegrateD Human Event Analysis System (IDHEAS). The method was based on cognitive models and mechanisms underlying human behaviour and employs a framework of 14 crew failure modes (CFMs) to represent human failures typical for human performance in nuclear power plant (NPP) internal, at-power events [1]. A decision tree (DT) was constructed for each CFM to assess the probability of the CFM occurring in different contexts. Data needs for IDHEAS quantification aremore » discussed. Then, the data collection framework and process is described and how the collected data were used to inform HEP estimation is illustrated with two examples. Next, five major technical challenges are identified for leveraging human performance data for IDHEAS quantification. Furthermore, these challenges reflect the data needs specific to IDHEAS. More importantly, they also represent the general issues with current human performance data and can provide insight for a path forward to support HRA data collection, use, and exchange for HRA method development, implementation, and validation.« less
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The data not collected on community forestry
Oldekop, Johan A.; Cronkleton, Peter; Etue, Emily; Newton, Peter; Russel, Aaron J.M.; Tjajadi, Januarti Sinarra; Zhou, Wen; Agrawal, Arun
2016-01-01
Abstract Conservation and development practitioners increasingly promote community forestry as a way to conserve ecosystem services, consolidate resource rights, and reduce poverty. However, outcomes of community forestry have been mixed; many initiatives failed to achieve intended objectives. There is a rich literature on institutional arrangements of community forestry, but there has been little effort to examine the role of socioeconomic, market, and biophysical factors in shaping both land‐cover change dynamics and individual and collective livelihood outcomes. We systematically reviewed the peer‐reviewed literature on community forestry to examine and quantify existing knowledge gaps in the community‐forestry literature relative to these factors. In examining 697 cases of community forest management (CFM), extracted from 267 peer‐reviewed publications, we found 3 key trends that limit understanding of community forestry. First, we found substantial data gaps linking population dynamics, market forces, and biophysical characteristics to both environmental and livelihood outcomes. Second, most studies focused on environmental outcomes, and the majority of studies that assessed socioeconomic outcomes relied on qualitative data, making comparisons across cases difficult. Finally, there was a heavy bias toward studies on South Asian forests, indicating that the literature on community forestry may not be representative of decentralization policies and CFM globally. PMID:27060464
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Characterization of chemical and particulate emissions from aircraft engines
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Agrawal, Harshit; Sawant, Aniket A.; Jansen, Karel; Wayne Miller, J.; Cocker, David R.
2008-06-01
This paper presents a series of measurements from four on-wing, commercial aircraft engines, including two newer CFM56-7 engines and two earlier CFM56-3 engines. Samples were collected from each engine using a probe positioned behind the exhaust nozzle of the aircraft, chocked on a concrete testing pad. The emission factors for particulate matter mass, elemental and organic carbon, carbonyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, n-alkanes, dioxins, metals and ions are reported for four different engine power setting modes. The emissions indices of particulate matter, elemental and organic carbon are highly power dependent for these engines. Particulate matter emission indices (g kg-1 fuel) are found to increase from 1.1E-02 to 2.05E-01 with increase in power from idle to 85%. The elemental carbon to organic carbon varies from 0.5 to 3.8 with change in power from idle to 85%. The carbonyl emissions are dominated by formaldehyde. The emission index of formaldehyde ranges from 2.3E-01 to 4.8E-01 g kg-1 fuel. The distribution of metals depends on the difference in the various engines. The dioxin emissions from the aircraft engines are observed to be below detection limit.
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Vermeulen, Roel; Coble, Joseph B; Lubin, Jay H; Portengen, Lützen; Blair, Aaron; Attfield, Michael D; Silverman, Debra T; Stewart, Patricia A
2010-10-01
We developed quantitative estimates of historical exposures to respirable elemental carbon (REC) for an epidemiologic study of mortality, including lung cancer, among diesel-exposed miners at eight non-metal mining facilities [the Diesel Exhaust in Miners Study (DEMS)]. Because there were no historical measurements of diesel exhaust (DE), historical REC (a component of DE) levels were estimated based on REC data from monitoring surveys conducted in 1998-2001 as part of the DEMS investigation. These values were adjusted for underground workers by carbon monoxide (CO) concentration trends in the mines derived from models of historical CO (another DE component) measurements and DE determinants such as engine horsepower (HP; 1 HP = 0.746 kW) and mine ventilation. CO was chosen to estimate historical changes because it was the most frequently measured DE component in our study facilities and it was found to correlate with REC exposure. Databases were constructed by facility and year with air sampling data and with information on the total rate of airflow exhausted from the underground operations in cubic feet per minute (CFM) (1 CFM = 0.0283 m³ min⁻¹), HP of the diesel equipment in use (ADJ HP), and other possible determinants. The ADJ HP purchased after 1990 (ADJ HP₁₉₉₀(+)) was also included to account for lower emissions from newer, cleaner engines. Facility-specific CO levels, relative to those in the DEMS survey year for each year back to the start of dieselization (1947-1967 depending on facility), were predicted based on models of observed CO concentrations and log-transformed (Ln) ADJ HP/CFM and Ln(ADJ HP₁₉₉₀(+)). The resulting temporal trends in relative CO levels were then multiplied by facility/department/job-specific REC estimates derived from the DEMS surveys personal measurements to obtain historical facility/department/job/year-specific REC exposure estimates. The facility-specific temporal trends of CO levels (and thus the REC estimates) generated from these models indicated that CO concentrations had been generally greater in the past than during the 1998-2001 DEMS surveys, with the highest levels ranging from 100 to 685% greater (median: 300%). These levels generally occurred between 1970 and the early 1980s. A comparison of the CO facility-specific model predictions with CO air concentration measurements from a 1976-1977 survey external to the modeling showed that our model predictions were slightly lower than those observed (median relative difference of 29%; range across facilities: 49 to -25%). In summary, we successfully modeled past CO concentration levels using selected determinants of DE exposure to derive retrospective estimates of REC exposure. The results suggested large variations in REC exposure levels both between and within the underground operations of the facilities and over time. These REC exposure estimates were in a plausible range and were used in the investigation of exposure-response relationships in epidemiologic analyses.
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Transient Heating and Thermomechanical Stress Modeling of Ceramic HEPA Filters
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Bogle, Brandon; Kelly, James; Haslam, Jeffrey
The purpose of this report is to showcase an initial finite-element analysis model of a ceramic High-Efficiency Particulate (HEPA) Air filter design. Next generation HEPA filter assemblies are being developed at LLNL to withstand high-temperature fire scenarios by use of ceramics and advanced materials. The filters are meant for use in radiological and nuclear facilities, and are required to survive 500°C fires over an hour duration. During such conditions, however, collecting data under varying parameters can be challenging; therefore, a Finite Element Analysis model of the filter was conducted using COMSOL ® Multiphysics to analyze the effects of fire. Finitemore » Element Analysis (FEA) modelling offers several opportunities: researchers can quickly and easily consider impacts of potential design changes, material selection, and flow characterization on filter performance. Specifically, this model provides stress references for the sealant at high temperatures. Modeling of full filter assemblies was deemed inefficient given the computational requirements, so a section of three tubes from the assembly was modeled. The model looked at the transient heating and thermomechanical stress development during a 500°C air flow at 6 CFM. Significant stresses were found at the ceramic-metal interfaces of the filter, and conservative temperature profiles at locations of interest were plotted. The model can be used for the development of sealants that minimize stresses at the ceramic-metal interface. Further work on the model would include the full filter assembly and consider heat losses to make more accurate predictions.« less
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DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Reimus, Paul W.
2012-08-30
In February and March 2012, a tracer test involving the injection of a radionuclide-colloid cocktail was conducted in the MI shear zone at the Grimsel Test Site, Switzerland, as part of the Colloids Formation and Migration (CFM) project. The colloids were derived from FEBEX bentonite, which is mined in Spain and is being considered as a potential waste package backfill in a Spanish nuclear waste repository. The tracer test, designated test 12-02 (second test in 2012), involved the injection of the tracer cocktail into borehole CFM 06.002i2 and extraction from the Pinkel surface packer at the main access tunnel wallmore » approximately 6.1 m from the injection interval. The test configuration is depicted in Figure 1. This configuration has been used in several conservative tracer tests and two colloid-homologue tracer tests since 2007, and it is will be employed in an upcoming test involving the emplacement of a radionuclide-doped bentonite plug into CFM 06.002i2 to evaluate the swelling and erosion of the bentonite and the transport of bentonite colloids and radionuclides from the source to the extraction point at the tunnel wall. Interpretive analyses of several of the previous tracer tests, from 09-01 through 12-02 were provided in two previous Used Fuel Disposition Program milestone reports (Arnold et al., 2011; Kersting et al., 2012). However, only the data for the conservative tracer Amino-G Acid was previously analyzed from test 12-02 because the other tracer data from this test were not available at the time. This report documents the first attempt to quantitatively analyze the radionuclide and colloid breakthrough curves from CFM test 12-02. This report was originally intended to also include an experimental assessment of colloid-facilitated transport of uranium by bentonite colloids in the Grimsel system, but this assessment was not conducted because it was reported by German collaborators at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) that neither uranium nor neptunium adsorbed appreciably to FEBEX bentonite colloids in Grimsel groundwater (Huber et al., 2011). The Grimsel groundwater has a relatively high pH of {approx}9, so the lack of uranium and neptunium adsorption to clay is not surprising given the tendency for these actinides to form very stable negative or neutrally-charged uranyl- or calcium-uranyl-carbonate complexes at these pH, particularly in a water that is effectively saturated with respect to calcite. It was also observed in testing conducted at LANL earlier in 2012 that uranium did not adsorb measurably to Grimsel granodiorite in a synthetic Grimsel groundwater at pH {approx}8.5 (Kersting et al., 2012). Thus, the planned experimental work was not pursued because all the available information clearly pointed to an expected result that uranium transport would not be facilitated by clay colloids in the Grimsel system.« less
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Study of Navy Recruiting Simulation Tool
2010-03-01
thinking” (p. 205). E. ROLE-PLAY Role-play “is a technology for intensifying and accelerating learning” (Blatner, 2009, p. 18). Adapted from psychodrama ...American Society of Group Psychotherapy and Psychodrama . (n.d.). Psychodrama . Retrieved March 5, 2010, from National Coalition of Creative Arts Therapies...nl.edu: http://www.nl.edu/academics/cas/ace/facultypapers/StephenBrookfield_AdultLear ning.cfm 106 Casey, A. M. (2001). Psychodrama : Applied role
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2012-03-01
geometry of reflection from a smooth (or mirror-like) surface [27]. In passive polarimetry , the angle of polarization (AoP) provides information about... polarimetry for remote sens- ing applications”. Appl. Opt., 45(22):5453–5469, Aug 2006. URL http://ao.osa.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ao-45-22-5453. 27
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Titone, Renzo
1987-01-01
Discusses the contribution of the little-known linguist Gemelli who favors a holistic approach to human language emphasizing the human personality as an essential factor in the expression of speech. Gemelli makes clear the breadth of the field of language psychology in contrast with the narrowness of psycholinguistics. (CFM)
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Grizelle Gonzalez; Tamara Heartsill Scalley
2016-01-01
Herein we provide concluding remarks drawn from and inspired by the discussions of the 5 working groups of the 16th Caribbean Foresters Meeting (CFM) about the needs, challenges, and recommendations to advance forestry in the Caribbean region. We also list key considerations and potential future research directions as presented in the various manuscripts contained in...
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Masciantonio, Rudolph
1977-01-01
The enrollment in Latin and Greek classes in the Philadelphia public schools has increased greatly in the last ten years. Courses are offered in elementary as well as secondary schools. An audiolingual approach is used. Available from Universitaet des Saarlandes, Fachbereich 6.2, D-6600 Saarbrueken, West Germany. (Text is in Latin.) (CFM)
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-12-10
... requirements can be found using the Department of Housing and Urban Development agency link on the Grants.gov/Find Web site at http://www.grants.gov/search/agency.do . A link to Grants.gov is also available on the HUD Web site at http://www.hud.gov/offices/adm/grants/fundsavail.cfm . The Catalogue of Federal...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-01-10
... requirements can be found using the Department of Housing and Urban Development agency link on the Grants.gov/Find Web site at http://www.grants.gov/search/agency.do . A link to Grants.gov is also available on the HUD Web site at http://www.hud.gov/offices/adm/grants/fundsavail.cfm . The Catalogue of Federal...
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13 CFR 126.307 - Where will SBA maintain the List of qualified HUBZone SBCs?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-01-01
...? Qualified HUBZone SBCs are identified by running a search on CCR/DSBS (http://dsbs.sba.gov/dsbs/dsp_dsbs.cfm) and are listed on the HUBZone Web page at https://eweb1.sba.gov/hubzone/internet/general/approved... Business Administration, 409 3rd Street, SW., Washington, DC 20416 or at [email protected]gov. [69 FR 29423, May...
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13 CFR 126.307 - Where will SBA maintain the List of qualified HUBZone SBCs?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-01-01
...? Qualified HUBZone SBCs are identified by running a search on CCR/DSBS (http://dsbs.sba.gov/dsbs/dsp_dsbs.cfm) and are listed on the HUBZone Web page at https://eweb1.sba.gov/hubzone/internet/general/approved... Business Administration, 409 3rd Street, SW., Washington, DC 20416 or at [email protected]gov. [69 FR 29423, May...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-12-01
... be found using the Department of Housing and Urban Development agency link on the Grants.gov/Find Web site at http://www.grants.gov/search/agency.do . A link to Grants.gov is also available on the HUD Web site at http://www.hud.gov/offices/adm/grants/fundsavail.cfm . The Catalogue of Federal Domestic...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-07-23
... requirements can be found using the Department of Housing and Urban Development agency link on the Grants.gov/Find Web site at http://www.grants.gov/search/agency.do . A link to Grants.gov is also available on the HUD Web site at http://www.hud.gov/offices/adm/grants/fundsavail.cfm . The Catalogue of Federal...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-10-04
... requirements can be found using the Department of Housing and Urban Development agency link on the Grants.gov/Find Web site at http://www.grants.gov/search/agency.do . A link to Grants.gov is also available on the HUD Web site at http://www.hud.gov/offices/adm/grants/fundsavail.cfm . The Catalogue of Federal...
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13 CFR 126.307 - Where will SBA maintain the List of qualified HUBZone SBCs?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-01-01
...? Qualified HUBZone SBCs are identified by running a search on CCR/DSBS (http://dsbs.sba.gov/dsbs/dsp_dsbs.cfm) and are listed on the HUBZone Web page at https://eweb1.sba.gov/hubzone/internet/general/approved... Business Administration, 409 3rd Street, SW., Washington, DC 20416 or at [email protected]gov. [69 FR 29423, May...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-03-11
... be found using the Department of Housing and Urban Development agency link on the Grants.gov/Find Web site at http://www.grants.gov/search/agency.do . A link to Grants.gov is also available on the HUD Web site at http://www.hud.gov/offices/adm/grants/fundsavail.cfm . The Catalogue of Federal Domestic...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-09-09
... Department of Housing and Urban Development agency link on the Grants.gov/Find Web site at http://www.grants.gov/search/agency.do . A link to Grants.gov is also available on the HUD Web site at http://www.hud.gov/offices/adm/grants/fundsavail.cfm . The Catalogue of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA) number for...
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bertocchi, Daniela; Lugarini, Edoardo
1982-01-01
The authors stress the importance of using a "science-oriented" syllabus when teaching a second language for specific purposes and identify the linguistic concepts which must be incorporated into such a syllabus. They discuss their experience in teaching Italian for specific Purposes at the National University in Somalia. (CFM)
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Colmayer, Ciro
1991-01-01
Attempts to show that the use of computers in the classroom should not be limited to the teaching of math but that the language classroom is an even more appropriate place for the introduction and use of computers. (CFM)
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Nyquist, Laurence; Basilevsky, A.; Neukum, G.
2009-01-01
In this work we analyze chronological data for lunar meteorites with emphasis on the spatial and temporal distribution of lunar mare basalts. The data are mostly from the Lunar Meteorite Compendium (http://www-curator.jsc.nasa.gov/antmet/lmc/contents.cfm cited thereafter as Compendium) compiled by Kevin Righter and from the associated literature.
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Integrating CMMI and TSP/PSP: Using TSP Data to Create Process Performance Models
2009-11-01
Humphrey , Watts S . PSP : A Self-Improvement Process for Software Engineers. Addison-Wesley, 2005. http://www.sei.cmu.edu/library/abstracts/ books ...Engineering. Addison-Wesley, 2002. [ Humphrey 00] Humphrey , Watts S . The Personal Software Process ( PSP ) (CMU/SEI-2000-TR-022, ADA387268). Pittsburgh...0321305493.cfm [ Humphrey 06a] Humphrey , W. S . TSP: Leading a Development Team. Addison-Wesley, 2006.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Nicholson, C.; Plesch, A.; Sorlien, C. C.; Shaw, J. H.; Hauksson, E.
2014-12-01
Southern California represents an ideal natural laboratory to investigate oblique deformation in 3D owing to its comprehensive datasets, complex tectonic history, evolving components of oblique slip, and continued crustal rotations about horizontal and vertical axes. As the SCEC Community Fault Model (CFM) aims to accurately reflect this 3D deformation, we present the results of an extensive update to the model by using primarily detailed fault trace, seismic reflection, relocated hypocenter and focal mechanism nodal plane data to generate improved, more realistic digital 3D fault surfaces. The results document a wide variety of oblique strain accommodation, including various aspects of strain partitioning and fault-related folding, sets of both high-angle and low-angle faults that mutually interact, significant non-planar, multi-stranded faults with variable dip along strike and with depth, and active mid-crustal detachments. In places, closely-spaced fault strands or fault systems can remain surprisingly subparallel to seismogenic depths, while in other areas, major strike-slip to oblique-slip faults can merge, such as the S-dipping Arroyo Parida-Mission Ridge and Santa Ynez faults with the N-dipping North Channel-Pitas Point-Red Mountain fault system, or diverge with depth. Examples of the latter include the steep-to-west-dipping Laguna Salada-Indiviso faults with the steep-to-east-dipping Sierra Cucapah faults, and the steep southern San Andreas fault with the adjacent NE-dipping Mecca Hills-Hidden Springs fault system. In addition, overprinting by steep predominantly strike-slip faulting can segment which parts of intersecting inherited low-angle faults are reactivated, or result in mutual cross-cutting relationships. The updated CFM 3D fault surfaces thus help characterize a more complex pattern of fault interactions at depth between various fault sets and linked fault systems, and a more complex fault geometry than typically inferred or expected from projecting near-surface data down-dip, or modeled from surface strain and potential field data alone.
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SAMS Acceleration Measurements on Mir (NASA Increment 4)
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
DeLombard, Richard
1998-01-01
During NASA Increment 4 (January to May 1997), about 5 gigabytes of acceleration data were collected by the Space Acceleration Measurements System (SAMS) onboard the Russian Space Station, Mir. The data were recorded on 28 optical disks which were returned to Earth on STS-84. During this increment, SAMS data were collected in the Priroda module to support the Mir Structural Dynamics Experiment (MiSDE), the Binary Colloidal Alloy Tests (BCAT), Angular Liquid Bridge (ALB), Candle Flames in Microgravity (CFM), Diffusion Controlled Apparatus Module (DCAM), Enhanced Dynamic Load Sensors (EDLS), Forced Flow Flame Spreading Test (FFFr), Liquid Metal Diffusion (LMD), Protein Crystal Growth in Dewar (PCG/Dewar), Queen's University Experiments in Liquid Diffusion (QUELD), and Technical Evaluation of MIM (TEM). This report points out some of the salient features of the microgravity environment to which these experiments were exposed. Also documented are mission events of interest such as the docked phase of STS-84 operations, a Progress engine bum, Soyuz vehicle docking and undocking, and Progress vehicle docking. This report presents an overview of the SAMS acceleration measurements recorded by 10 Hz and 100 Hz sensor heads. The analyses included herein complement those presented in previous summary reports prepared by the Principal Investigator Microgravity Services (PIMS) group.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Elia, Annibale
1977-01-01
This article traces the history of several themes in applied linguistics and to show the relationships between linguistic theory and the sciences concerned with the learning and teaching of languages. Interest in word frequency statistics is discussed in particular. (Text is in Italian.) (CFM)
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-02-05
... Research on January 22, 2013. The report is posted on the NIH Web site at http://dpcpsi.nih.gov/council..., March 23, 2013, via the comment database at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/rfi/rfi.cfm?ID=31 . In the interim, NIH will continue to apply its policy on Research Involving Chimpanzees (see NOT-OD-12-025; http...
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cavosi, Ricciarda; Taeschner, Traute
1987-01-01
Addresses two questions: (1) When do children who are bilingual from birth become aware that they speak two languages? and (2) What are the factors that lead to this awareness? The subjects in the study described here were Italian/German bilingual children living in the Italian region of Alto Adige. (CFM)
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2007-01-01
the number expected to rise over the next decade. Estimates predict total global UAS expenditure ( R &D, Production, and O&M) to reach approximately...competitors and suppliers to offset or share R &D of new products and to gain access to international markets. For example, CFM international, a GEAE-Snecma...Aerospace Research and Development Since the mid 1980s, there has been a significant decline in funding for aviation research and development ( R &D
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gotti, Maurizio
1987-01-01
Discusses two current problems with foreign language study in Italy: (1) Students are frequently unable to study English, the most popular language, because of a lack of qualified English teachers; and (2) Students sometimes cannot continue studying in junior high school the language they began in elementary school. (CFM)
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Portable exhauster POR-007/Skid E and POR-008/Skid F storage plan
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Nelson, O.D.
1998-07-25
This document provides storage requirements for 1,000 CFM portable exhausters POR-O07/Skid E and POR-008/Skid F. These requirements are presented in three parts: preparation for storage, storage maintenance and testing, and retrieval from storage. The exhauster component identification numbers listed in this document contain the prefix POR-007 or POR-008 depending on which exhauster is being used.
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Cullinane Thomas, Catherine; Huber, Christopher; Koontz, Lynne
2015-01-01
New this year, results from the Visitor Spending Effects report series are available online via an interactive tool. Users can explore current year visitor spending, jobs, labor income, value added, and output effects by sector for national, state, and local economies. This interactive tool is available via the NPS Social Science Program webpage at http://www.nature.nps.gov/socialscience/economics.cfm.
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DOD Purchase of Renewable Energy Credits Under the National Defense Authorization Act of 2012
2012-11-27
main products: capacity (megawatts); power (traded in megawatt-hours); and ancillary services (services that ensure reliability and support...glossary/index.cfm. DOD Purchase of Renewable Energy Credits Congressional Research Service 3 capacity sold in bundled form represents “firm power...power or producing capacity intended to be available during the period covered by a guaranteed commitment to deliver, even under adverse conditions
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Analysis of Contractor Logistics Support for the P-8 Poseidon Aircraft
2008-06-01
15. NUMBER OF PAGES 103 14. SUBJECT TERMS Original Equipment Manufacturer, Contractor Logistics Support, P-8A Aircraft , 16. PRICE CODE 17...Communications Rack Mission Equipment Rack Galley G4 INMARSAT Antenna MAD Folding Stairs Crew Rest Observer Stations (2) CFM-56-7B 180 kVA IDG Engines (2...Poseidon Aircraft By: Shane Tallant, Scott Hedrick, and Michael Martin Advisors: Diana Petross Keebom Kang
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Marchetti, Magda Ruggeri
1977-01-01
Speakers of Italian often have problems mastering Spanish because they erroneously believe its great similiarity to Italian makes it easy to learn. One of the fundamental problems is the lack of ability to choose the correct verb, "ser" or "estar," both equivalents of the Italian "essere." (Text is in Spanish.) (CFM)
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Desmet, Tim; Billiet, T; Berneel, Elke; Cornelissen, Ria; Schaubroeck, David; Schacht, Etienne; Dubruel, Peter
2010-12-08
In the last decade, substantial research in the field of post-plasma grafting surface modification has focussed on the introduction of carboxylic acids on surfaces by grafting acrylic acid (AAc). In the present work, we report on an alternative approach for biomaterial surface functionalisation. Thin poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) films were subjected to a dielectric barrier discharge Ar-plasma followed by the grafting of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate (AEMA) under UV-irradiation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the presence of nitrogen. The ninhydrin assay demonstrated, both quantitatively and qualitatively, the presence of free amines on the surface. Confocal fluorescence microscopy (CFM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to visualise the grafted surfaces, indicating the presence of pAEMA. Static contact angle (SCA) measurements indicated a permanent increase in hydrophilicity. Furthermore, the AEMA grafted surfaces were applied for comparing the physisorption and covalent immobilisation of gelatin. CFM demonstrated that only the covalent immobilisation lead to a complete coverage of the surface. Those gelatin-coated surfaces obtained were further coated using fibronectin. Osteosarcoma cells demonstrated better cell-adhesion and cell-viability on the modified surfaces, compared to the pure PCL films. Copyright © 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
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De Sarro, Giovambattista; Chimirri, Alba; Meldrum, Brian S
2002-09-06
We report the anticonvulsant action in DBA/2 mice of two mGlu Group III receptor agonists: (R,S)-4-phosphonophenylglycine, (R,S)-PPG, a compound with moderate mGlu8 selectivity, and of (1S,3R,4S)-1-aminocyclopentane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, ACPT-1, a selective agonist for mGlu4alpha receptors. Both compounds, given intracerebroventricularly at doses which did not show marked anticonvulsant activity, produced a consistent shift to the left of the dose-response curves (i.e. enhanced the anticonvulsant properties) of 1-(4'-aminophenyl)-3,5-dihydro-7,8-dimethoxy-4H-2,3-benzodiazepin-4-one hydrochloride, CFM-2, a noncompetitive AMPA receptor antagonist, and 3-((+/-)-2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)-1-phosphonic acid, CPPene, a competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, in DBA/2 mice. In addition, (R,S)-PPG and ACPT-1 administered intracerebroventricularly prolonged the time course of the anticonvulsant properties of CFM-2 (33 micromol/kg, i.p.) and CPPene (3.3 micromol/kg, i.p.) administered intraperitoneally. We conclude that modest reduction of synaptic glutamate release by activation of Group III metabotropic receptors potentiates the anticonvulsant effect of AMPA and NMDA receptor blockade. Copyright 2002 Elsevier Science B.V.
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Liquid Acquisition Strategies for Exploration Missions: Current Status 2010
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Chato, David J.
2010-01-01
NASA is currently developing the propulsion system concepts for human exploration missions to the lunar surface. The propulsion concepts being investigated are considering the use of cryogenic propellants for the low gravity portion of the mission, that is, the lunar transit, lunar orbit insertion, lunar descent and the rendezvous in lunar orbit with a service module after ascent from the lunar surface. These propulsion concepts will require the vapor free delivery of the cryogenic propellants stored in the propulsion tanks to the exploration vehicles main propulsion system (MPS) engines and reaction control system (RCS) engines. Propellant management devices (PMD s) such as screen channel capillary liquid acquisition devices (LAD s), vanes and sponges currently are used for earth storable propellants in the Space Shuttle Orbiter OMS and RCS applications and spacecraft propulsion applications but only very limited propellant management capability exists for cryogenic propellants. NASA has begun a technology program to develop LAD cryogenic fluid management (CFM) technology through a government in-house ground test program of accurately measuring the bubble point delta-pressure for typical screen samples using LO2, LN2, LH2 and LCH4 as test fluids at various fluid temperatures and pressures. This presentation will document the CFM project s progress to date in concept designs, as well ground testing results.
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Costanza-Robinson, Molly S.; Carlson, Tyson D.; Brusseau, Mark L.
2013-01-01
Gas-phase miscible-displacement experiments were conducted using a large weighing lysimeter to evaluate retention processes for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in water-unsaturated (vadoze-zone) systems, and to test the utility of gas-phase tracers for predicting VOC retardation. Trichloroethene (TCE) served as a model VOC, while trichlorofluoromethane (CFM) and heptane were used as partitioning tracers to independently characterize retention by water and the air-water interface, respectively. Retardation factors for TCE ranged between 1.9 and 3.5, depending on water content. The results indicate that dissolution into the bulk water was the primary retention mechanism for TCE under all conditions studied, contributing approximately two thirds of the total measured retention. Accumulation at the air-water interface comprised a significant fraction of the observed retention for all experiments, with an average contribution of approximately 24%. Sorption to the solid phase contributed approximately 10% to retention. Water contents and air-water interfacial areas estimated based on the CFM and heptane tracer data, respectively, were similar to independently measured values. Retardation factors for TCE predicted using the partitioning-tracer data were in reasonable agreement with the measured values. These results suggest that gas-phase tracer tests hold promise for characterizing the retention and transport of VOCs in the vadose-zone. PMID:23333418
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Leu, J.
2012-12-01
A former natural gas processing station is impacted with TPH and BTEX in groundwater. Air sparging and soil vapor extraction (AS/AVE) remediation systems had previously been operated at the site. Currently, a groundwater extraction and treatment system is operated to remove the chemicals of concern (COC) and contain the groundwater plume from migrating offsite. A remedial process optimization (RPO) was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of historic and current remedial activities and recommend an approach to optimize the remedial activities. The RPO concluded that both the AS/SVE system and the groundwater extraction system have reached the practical limits of COC mass removal and COC concentration reduction. The RPO recommended an in-situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) study to evaluate the best ISCO oxidant and approach. An ISCO bench test was conducted to evaluate COC removal efficiency and secondary impacts to recommend an application dosage. Ozone was selected among four oxidants based on implementability, effectiveness, safety, and media impacts. The bench test concluded that ozone demand was 8 to 12 mg ozone/mg TPH and secondary groundwater by-products of ISCO include hexavalent chromium and bromate. The pH also increased moderately during ozone sparging and the TDS increased by approximately 20% after 48 hours of ozone treatment. Prior to the ISCO pilot study, a capture zone analysis (CZA) was conducted to ensure containment of the injected oxidant within the existing groundwater extraction system. The CZA was conducted through a groundwater flow modeling using MODFLOW. The model indicated that 85%, 90%, and 95% of an injected oxidant could be captured when a well pair is injecting and extracting at 2, 5, and 10 gallons per minute, respectively. An ISCO pilot test using ozone was conducted to evaluate operation parameters for ozone delivery. The ozone sparging system consisted of an ozone generator capable of delivering 6 lbs/day ozone through two ozone sparging wells. Startup test was conducted to optimize sparging pressure and flow rate and evaluate radius of influence (ROI) and pulsed sparging frequency. The startup test results indicated the system is optimized at 6 psi pressure and 3 cfm flow rate at ozone sparging rate of 2 lbs/day at each sparging location. The results also indicated a maximized ROI of 20 ft was reached and pulsed sparging frequency was estimated to be 60 minutes. The results at the completion of the pilot test concluded that TPH concentrations in groundwater decreased by 97% during the two months of ozone sparging, but did rebound to near baseline levels for most groundwater monitoring wells. Concentrations of hexavalent chromium and bromate increased from non-detect to 44 and 110 μg/L, respectively, during the ozone sparging but attenuated to non-detect concentrations within three months following the system shut down. Field measurements during the pilot study displayed an increasing trend of both oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and dissolved oxygen (DO). After ozone sparging was complete, the ORP and DO in the saturated zone returned to near baseline levels. Based on the results of the pilot study, a full scale ISCO using ozone system was recommended.
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Joint Sustainment of Weapon Systems. Would We Be Better Off?
2006-04-14
Government have on its defense industrial base? Currently the United States works within a free market society that allows or requires industry to bid for...9 Institute for International Economics, Visiting Fellows and Other Authors, http://www.iie.com/publications/author_bio.cfm?author_id=56. 12 A...The American Founders were deeply influenced by these Scottish thinkers. The mixture of free markets with the civic vibrancy of early America created
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Mugshot Identification Database (MID)
National Institute of Standards and Technology Data Gateway
NIST Mugshot Identification Database (MID) (Web, free access) NIST Special Database 18 is being distributed for use in development and testing of automated mugshot identification systems. The database consists of three CD-ROMs, containing a total of 3248 images of variable size using lossless compression. A newer version of the compression/decompression software on the CDROM can be found at the website http://www.nist.gov/itl/iad/ig/nigos.cfm as part of the NBIS package.
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The State of Leadership in DHS - Is There a Model for Leading?
2008-12-01
Security Directors Reports Findings (2008) https://www.nisp.us/ logistica /public/news.cfm?category=SPB&article_id=5544&sidebar=archive (accessed...Prosperous (Washington, D.C.: The Heritage Foundation, 2008), 18. 20 Veronica de Rugy, “Facts and Figures About Seven Years of Homeland Security...banding scale in the case of the Transportation Security Administration or equivalent pay grade/rank with respect to the U.S. Coast Guard). The
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Dynamic System Coupler Program (DYSCO 4.1). Volume 1. Theoretical Manual
1989-01-01
present analysis is as follows: 1. Triplet X, Y, Z represents an inertia frame, R. The R system coordinates are the rotor shaft axes when there is...small perturbation analysis . 2.5 3-D MODAL STRUCTURE - CFM3 A three-dimensional structure is represented as a linear combination of orth ogonal modes...Include rotor blade damage modeling, Elgen analysis development, general time history solution development, frequency domain solution development
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CAS - A Turboprop Solution for the COIN Fight
2009-01-01
Worlds First Civilian Tiltrotor. http://www.bellagusta.com/air ba main.cfm. Accessed 13 Jan 2009. Blake, Brett R , AT-6-The Best Investmentfor the Long War...Terroism and Counterinsurgency, CRS for Congress RL32737, Washington DC: Congressional Research Service, 24 Jan. 2005. Blake, Brett R Major USAF. AT-6...www.aviationweek.com/aw/generic/channel .jsp?channel= awst # (accessed 15 Jan 2009). 7 Bolkcom and Katzman, 24. 8 U.S. Congress, Office ofTechnology
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Lunar Meteorites: What They Tell us About the Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Mare Basalts
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Basilevsky, A. T.; Neukum, G.; Nyquist, L.
2010-01-01
Here we analyze the chronology and statistical distribution of lunar meteorites with emphasis on the spatial and temporal distribution of lunar mare basalts. The data are mostly from the Lunar Meteorite Compendium (http://www-curator.jsc.nasa.gov/ antmet/ lmc/contents.cfm cited hereafter as Compendium) compiled by Kevin Righter, NASA Johnson Space Center, and from the associated literature. The Compendium was last modified on May 12, 2008.
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Securing the High Seas: America’s Global Maritime Constabulatory Power
2008-03-12
at www.heritage.org/ Research/HomelandSecurity/bg1950.cfm. 29. Construcciones Aeronáuticas, SA. 16 Securing the High Seas: America’s Global Maritime...Coast Guard ships (National Security Cutter, Off-Shore Patrol Cutter, and Fast Response Cutter) and many Navy ships currently in design or construction ...forge complementary maritime strategies. Only by developing common doctrine, creating greater synergy in the construction of core assets, and forging a
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Diadori, Pierangela
1988-01-01
Analyzes the different types of texts that can be used in the teaching of Italian as a foreign language. Based on their communicative function, the texts are divided into the following categories: description, narration, instruction, argumentation, and exposition. Grids with examples of each type of text are included. (CFM)
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Development of a Design Tool for Planning Aqueous Amendment Injection Systems
2008-06-01
BIOREMresources.asp) • “Protocol for Enhanced In Situ Bioremediation Using Emulsified Edible Oil” – (search for title at http://docs.serdp-estcp.org...index.cfm) • “Protocol for In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents Using Edible Oil” (http://www.afcee.brooks.af.mil/products/techtrans...and acetate by common subsurface microorganisms . The H2 and acetate are then used as a carbon and energy source for anaerobic biodegradation of the
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2001-12-01
diides.ncr.disa.mil/xmlreg/user/index.cfm] [ Deitel ] Deitel , H., Deitel , P., Java How to Program 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall, 1999. [DL99...presentation, and data) of information and the programming functionality. The Web framework addressed ability to provide a framework for the distribution...BLANK v ABSTRACT Advances in computer communication technology and an increased awareness of how enhanced information access can lead to improved
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Open Rotor Research at NASA Glenn
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
VanZante, Dale E.
2011-01-01
A low-noise open rotor system is being tested in collaboration with General Electric and CFM International, a 50/50 joint company between Snecma and GE. Candidate technologies for lower noise will be investigated as well as installation effects such as pylon integration. The research program in both the low and high-speed wind tunnels is reviewed. Some detailed flowfield and acoustics measurements acquired for an internal NASA program are highlighted. The publically available research data is presented also.
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CAS -- A Turboprop Solution for the COIN Fight
2009-04-14
Civilian Tiltrotor. http://www.bellagusta.com/air ba main.cfm. Accessed 13 Jan 2009. Blake, Brett R , AT-6-The Best Investmentfor the Long War, Air...Counterinsurgency, CRS for Congress RL32737, Washington DC: Congressional Research Service, 24 Jan. 2005. Blake, Brett R Major USAF. AT-6-The Best...www.aviationweek.com/aw/generic/channel .jsp?channel= awst # (accessed 15 Jan 2009). 7 Bolkcom and Katzman, 24. 8 U.S. Congress, Office ofTechnology Assessment, Global
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Albania’s Counter-Terrorism Policy Options: Finding a Strategy of Common Sense
2004-06-01
OSCE, February 2004. http://www.osce.org/documents/pia/2004/02/2117_en.pdf ( accessed 20 March 2004). Luarasi, Aleks. Historia e Institucioneve...Terrorism 1999, http://www.state.gov/www/global/terrorism/1999report/europe.html#Albania ( accessed 20 January 2004). 2 terrorism threat, review the...Balkan Stability? Balkan Report, no.153 (Brussels: ICG 25 February 2004). http://www.crisisweb.org/home/index.cfm?id=1239&l=1 ( accessed 10 January
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Reestablishing Open Rotor as an Option for Significant Fuel Burn Improvements
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Van Zante, Dale
2011-01-01
A low-noise open rotor system is being tested in collaboration with General Electric and CFM International, a 50/50 joint company between Snecma and GE. Candidate technologies for lower noise will be investigated as well as installation effects such as pylon integration. Current test status is presented as well as future scheduled testing which includes the FAA/CLEEN test entry. Pre-test predictions show that Open Rotors have the potential for revolutionary fuel burn savings.
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2010-12-01
PSP and TSP books by Watts Humphrey or in the TSP-MT (multi-team) process extension. A few additional items should be created, e.g., see OPD-2...Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 2000. www.sei.cmu.edu/library/abstracts/reports/00tr023.cfm [ Humphrey 2005] Humphrey , Watts S . PSP : A Self... Humphrey 2006] Humphrey , Watts S . TSP: Coaching Development Teams. Addison Wesley, 2006 (ISBN 978- 0201731132). www.sei.cmu.edu/library/abstracts/
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The Eagle in the Desert: The Origins of the U.S.Saudi Arabian Security Partnership
2015-09-01
the United States exported over 1.5 billion barrels of crude oil, finished petroleum products, natural gases and other liquids —400 million barrels...7, 2012, http://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.cfm?id=5290. 14 “Exports, Petroleum and Other Liquids ,” U.S. Energy Information Administration...foreign leaders. The president did promise the Crown Prince that the U.S. government would soon make available for purchase multiple supersonic jet
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An All-Silk-Derived Dual-Mode E-skin for Simultaneous Temperature-Pressure Detection.
Wang, Chunya; Xia, Kailun; Zhang, Mingchao; Jian, Muqiang; Zhang, Yingying
2017-11-15
Flexible skin-mimicking electronics are highly desired for development of smart human-machine interfaces and wearable human-health monitors. Human skins are able to simultaneously detect different information, such as touch, friction, temperature, and humidity. However, due to the mutual interferences of sensors with different functions, it is still a big challenge to fabricate multifunctional electronic skins (E-skins). Herein, a combo temperature-pressure E-skin is reported through assembling a temperature sensor and a strain sensor in both of which flexible and transparent silk-nanofiber-derived carbon fiber membranes (SilkCFM) are used as the active material. The temperature sensor presents high temperature sensitivity of 0.81% per centigrade. The strain sensor shows an extremely high sensitivity with a gauge factor of ∼8350 at 50% strain, enabling the detection of subtle pressure stimuli that induce local strain. Importantly, the structure of the SilkCFM in each sensor is designed to be passive to other stimuli, enabling the integrated E-skin to precisely detect temperature and pressure at the same time. It is demonstrated that the E-skin can detect and distinguish exhaling, finger pressing, and spatial distribution of temperature and pressure, which cannot be realized using single mode sensors. The remarkable performance of the silk-based combo temperature-pressure sensor, together with its green and large-scalable fabrication process, promising its applications in human-machine interfaces and soft electronics.
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Computational fluid dynamic modeling of a medium-sized surface mine blasthole drill shroud
Zheng, Y.; Reed, W.R.; Zhou, L.; Rider, J.P.
2016-01-01
The Pittsburgh Mining Research Division of the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recently developed a series of models using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to study airflows and respirable dust distribution associated with a medium-sized surface blasthole drill shroud with a dry dust collector system. Previously run experiments conducted in NIOSH’s full-scale drill shroud laboratory were used to validate the models. The setup values in the CFD models were calculated from experimental data obtained from the drill shroud laboratory and measurements of test material particle size. Subsequent simulation results were compared with the experimental data for several test scenarios, including 0.14 m3/s (300 cfm) and 0.24 m3/s (500 cfm) bailing airflow with 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1 dust collector-to-bailing airflow ratios. For the 2:1 and 3:1 ratios, the calculated dust concentrations from the CFD models were within the 95 percent confidence intervals of the experimental data. This paper describes the methodology used to develop the CFD models, to calculate the model input and to validate the models based on the experimental data. Problem regions were identified and revealed by the study. The simulation results could be used for future development of dust control methods for a surface mine blasthole drill shroud. PMID:27932851
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Costanza-Robinson, Molly S; Carlson, Tyson D; Brusseau, Mark L
2013-02-01
Gas-phase transport experiments were conducted using a large weighing lysimeter to evaluate retention processes for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in water-unsaturated (vadose-zone) systems, and to test the utility of gas-phase tracers for predicting VOC retardation. Trichloroethene (TCE) served as a model VOC, while trichlorofluoromethane (CFM) and heptane were used as partitioning tracers to independently characterize retention by water and the air-water interface, respectively. Retardation factors for TCE ranged between 1.9 and 3.5, depending on water content. The results indicate that dissolution into the bulk water was the primary retention mechanism for TCE under all conditions studied, contributing approximately two-thirds of the total measured retention. Accumulation at the air-water interface comprised a significant fraction of the observed retention for all experiments, with an average contribution of approximately 24%. Sorption to the solid phase contributed approximately 10% to retention. Water contents and air-water interfacial areas estimated based on the CFM and heptane tracer data, respectively, were similar to independently measured values. Retardation factors for TCE predicted using the partitioning-tracer data were in reasonable agreement with the measured values. These results suggest that gas-phase tracer tests hold promise for characterizing the retention and transport of VOCs in the vadose-zone. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Sensors for process control Focus Team report
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
At the Semiconductor Technology Workshop, held in November 1992, the Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) convened 179 semiconductor technology experts to assess the 15-year outlook for the semiconductor manufacturing industry. The output of the Workshop, a document entitled 'Semiconductor Technology: Workshop Working Group Reports,' contained an overall roadmap for the technology characteristics envisioned in integrated circuits (IC's) for the period 1992-2007. In addition, the document contained individual roadmaps for numerous key areas in IC manufacturing, such as film deposition, thermal processing, manufacturing systems, exposure technology, etc. The SIA Report did not contain a separate roadmap for contamination free manufacturing (CFM). A key component of CFM for the next 15 years is the use of sensors for (1) defect reduction, (2) improved product quality, (3) improved yield, (4) improved tool utilization through contamination reduction, and (5) real time process control in semiconductor fabrication. The objective of this Focus Team is to generate a Sensors for Process Control Roadmap. Implicit in this objective is the identification of gaps in current sensor technology so that research and development activity in the sensor industry can be stimulated to develop sensor systems capable of meeting the projected roadmap needs. Sensor performance features of interest include detection limit, specificity, sensitivity, ease of installation and maintenance, range, response time, accuracy, precision, ease and frequency of calibration, degree of automation, and adaptability to in-line process control applications.
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Lacombe, Alison; Niemira, Brendan A; Gurtler, Joshua B; Fan, Xuetong; Sites, Joseph; Boyd, Glenn; Chen, Haiqiang
2015-04-01
Cold plasma (CP) is a novel nonthermal technology, potentially useful in food processing settings. Berries were treated with atmospheric CP for 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, or 120 s at a working distance of 7.5 cm with a mixture of 4 cubic feet/minute (cfm) of CP jet and 7 cfm of ambient air. Blueberries were sampled for total aerobic plate count (APC) and yeast/molds immediately after treatment and at 1, 2, and 7 days. Blueberries were also analyzed for compression firmness, surface color, and total anthocyanins immediately after each treatment. All treatments with CP significantly (P < 0.05) reduced APC after exposure, with reductions ranging from 0.8 to 1.6 log CFU/g and 1.5 to 2.0 log CFU/g compared to the control after 1 and 7 days, respectively. Treatments longer than 60s resulted in significant reductions in firmness, although it was demonstrated that collisions between the berries and the container contributed significantly to softening. A significant reduction in anthocyanins was observed after 90 s. The surface color measurements were significantly impacted after 120 s for the L* and a* values and 45 s for the b* values. CP can inactivate microorganisms on blueberries and could be optimized to improve the safety and quality of produce. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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Desmond, J L; Juhl, K; Hassenkam, T; Stipp, S L S; Walsh, T R; Rodger, P M
2017-09-08
Enhanced oil recovery using low-salinity solutions to sweep sandstone reservoirs is a widely-practiced strategy. The mechanisms governing this remain unresolved. Here, we elucidate the role of Ca 2+ by combining chemical force microscopy (CFM) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We probe the influence of electrolyte composition and concentration on the adsorption of a representative molecule, positively-charged alkylammonium, at the aqueous electrolyte/silica interface, for four electrolytes: NaCl, KCl, MgCl 2 , and CaCl 2 . CFM reveals stronger adhesion on silica in CaCl 2 compared with the other electrolytes, and shows a concentration-dependent adhesion not observed for the other electrolytes. Using MD simulations, we model the electrolytes at a negatively-charged amorphous silica substrate and predict the adsorption of methylammonium. Our simulations reveal four classes of surface adsorption site, where the prevalence of these sites depends only on CaCl 2 concentration. The sites relevant to strong adhesion feature the O - silica site and Ca 2+ in the presence of associated Cl - , which gain prevalence at higher CaCl 2 concentration. Our simulations also predict the adhesion force profile to be distinct for CaCl 2 compared with the other electrolytes. Together, these analyses explain our experimental data. Our findings indicate in general how silica wettability may be manipulated by electrolyte concentration.
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Capability for Integrated Systems Risk-Reduction Analysis
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Mindock, J.; Lumpkins, S.; Shelhamer, M.
2016-01-01
NASA's Human Research Program (HRP) is working to increase the likelihoods of human health and performance success during long-duration missions, and subsequent crew long-term health. To achieve these goals, there is a need to develop an integrated understanding of how the complex human physiological-socio-technical mission system behaves in spaceflight. This understanding will allow HRP to provide cross-disciplinary spaceflight countermeasures while minimizing resources such as mass, power, and volume. This understanding will also allow development of tools to assess the state of and enhance the resilience of individual crewmembers, teams, and the integrated mission system. We will discuss a set of risk-reduction questions that has been identified to guide the systems approach necessary to meet these needs. In addition, a framework of factors influencing human health and performance in space, called the Contributing Factor Map (CFM), is being applied as the backbone for incorporating information addressing these questions from sources throughout HRP. Using the common language of the CFM, information from sources such as the Human System Risk Board summaries, Integrated Research Plan, and HRP-funded publications has been combined and visualized in ways that allow insight into cross-disciplinary interconnections in a systematic, standardized fashion. We will show examples of these visualizations. We will also discuss applications of the resulting analysis capability that can inform science portfolio decisions, such as areas in which cross-disciplinary solicitations or countermeasure development will potentially be fruitful.
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SAMS Acceleration Measurements on Mir From January to May 1997 (NASA Increment 4)
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
DeLombard, Richard
1998-01-01
During NASA Increment 4 (January to May 1997), about 5 gigabytes of acceleration data were collected by the Space Acceleration Measurements System (SAMS) onboard the Russian Space Station, Mir. The data were recorded on 28 optical disks which were returned to Earth on STS-84. During this increment, SAMS data were collected in the Priroda module to support the Mir Structural Dynamics Experiment (MiSDE), the Binary Colloidal Alloy Tests (BCAT), Angular Liquid Bridge (ALB), Candle Flames in Microgravity (CFM), Diffusion Controlled Apparatus Module (DCAM), Enhanced Dynamic Load Sensors (EDLS), Forced Flow Flame Spreading Test (FFFT), Liquid Metal Diffusion (LMD), Protein Crystal Growth in Dewar (PCG/Dewar), Queen's University Experiments in Liquid Diffusion (QUELD), and Technical Evaluation of MIM (TEM). This report points out some of the salient features of the microgravity environment to which these experiments were exposed. Also documented are mission events of interest such as the docked phase of STS-84 operations, a Progress engine burn, Soyuz vehicle docking and undocking, and Progress vehicle docking. This report presents an overview of the SAMS acceleration measurements recorded by 10 Hz and 100 Hz sensor heads. The analyses included herein complement those presented in previous summary reports prepared by the Principal Investigator Microgravity Services (PIMS) group.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Colonna-Preti, Paola; Taeschner, Traute
1987-01-01
Using a new method, 48 children in an elementary school in Rome, Italy, were taught a foreign language (26 English, 22 German) and tested after three years. The authors attempt to explain the variation in test results in terms of the students' attention, memory, and phonetic discrimination. (CFM)
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Improvements Needed on DoD Procurements from Robertson Fuel Systems (REDACTED)
2015-06-25
reasonable price, but is not certified. 4 A ballistically self-sealing tank is designed to prevent fuel loss and a fire after damage. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY...pubs/index.cfm. DoD IG DODIG-2015-120, “Defense Logistics Agency Did Not Obtain Fair and Reasonable Prices from Meggitt Aircraft Braking System for...Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle Repair Parts,” April 4, 2014 DODIG-2014-020, “U.S. Army Contracting Command Did Not Obtain Fair and Reasonable
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Glossary of bioinformatics terms.
2007-06-01
This collection of terms and definitions commonly encountered in the bioinformatics literature will be updated periodically as Current Protocols in Bioinformatics grows. In addition, an extensive glossary of genetic terms can be found on the Web site of the National Human Genome Research Institute (http://www.genome.gov/glossary.cfm). The entries in that online glossary provide a brief written definition of the term; the user can also listen to an informative explanation of the term using RealAudio or the Windows Media Player.
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Transforming Armed Forces to National Guard Units in Latin America
2007-03-30
Kliksberg, El crecimiento de la criminalidad en América Latina: un tema urgente, http://www.iadb.org/Etica/SP4321/DocHit.cfm?DocIndex=327, , Internet...html ; Internet accessed Friday, Jan 12, 2007. 4 Ibid. Bernardo Kliksberg, El crecimiento de la criminalidad en América Latina: un tema urgente...Latin American and the Caribbean, page 2, http://www.iadb.org/sds/doc/1073eng.pdf, 6 Ibid. Bernardo Kliksberg, El crecimiento de la criminalidad en
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The yeast protein extract (RM8323) developed by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) under the auspices of NCI's CPTC initiative is currently available to the public at https://www-s.nist.gov/srmors/view_detail.cfm?srm=8323. The yeast proteome offers researchers a unique biological reference material. RM8323 is the most extensively characterized complex biological proteome and the only one associated with several large-scale studies to estimate protein abundance across a wide concentration range.
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2016-03-01
statistics from the California State Controller’s website, the Register reported that while inflation rose 27 percent from years 2003 to 2013, spending on...Recruitment and Retention for the New Millennium, 7. 24 Brian Reaves, Hiring and Retention of State and Local Law Enforcement Officers, 2008— Statistical ...Personnel, Policies, and Practices (NCJ 248677) (Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics , 2015), 3, http://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty= pbdetail&iid
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The Long War: Building the Balance Between Today’s Necessities and Tomorrow’s Need
2009-04-01
index. cfm/Page/ Article /ID/745 (Accessed September 9, 2008) 2. 10 importantly, it is the one conflict that most of the senior leadership of today’s...www.realclearpolitics.com/ articles /2007/04/is_the_war_on_terror_over.html (Accessed September 5, 2008) 1. 27 scenarios in which the use of...Reality?” defense and strategy.com http://defenceandstrategy.eu/en/current-issue-1-2008/ articles /asymmetric-warfare (accessed August 13, 2008) 5. 96
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NASA Cryogenic Propellant Systems Technology Development and Potential Opportunities for Discussion
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Meyer, Michael L.
2015-01-01
Members of the eCryo Team are traveling to France to meet with CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) on the benchmarking of CFM (Cryogenic Fluids Management) analytical models the week of January 26th, 2015. Mike Meyer is representing the Agency and eCryo Project and will conduct a conversation to explore future work. This slide package (28 charts and 3 movies) requires approval via a 1676. ISS data in this chart set has been copied from public websites.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Christian, Wolfgang; Belloni, Mario
2013-04-01
We have recently developed a Graphs and Tracks model based on an earlier program by David Trowbridge, as shown in Fig. 1. Our model can show position, velocity, acceleration, and energy graphs and can be used for motion-to-graphs exercises. Users set the heights of the track segments, and the model displays the motion of the ball on the track together with position, velocity, and acceleration graphs. This ready-to-run model is available in the ComPADRE OSP Collection at www.compadre.org/osp/items/detail.cfm?ID=12023.
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Mated Fingerprint Card Pairs 2 (MFCP2)
National Institute of Standards and Technology Data Gateway
NIST Mated Fingerprint Card Pairs 2 (MFCP2) (Web, free access) NIST Special Database 14 is being distributed for use in development and testing of automated fingerprint classification and matching systems on a set of images which approximate a natural horizontal distribution of the National Crime Information Center (NCIC) fingerprint classes. A newer version of the compression/decompression software on the CDROM can be found at the website http://www.nist.gov/itl/iad/ig/nigos.cfm as part of the NBIS package.
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30 pJ/b, 67 Mbps, Centimeter-to-Meter Range Data Telemetry With an IR-UWB Wireless Link.
Ebrazeh, Ali; Mohseni, Pedram
2015-06-01
This paper reports an energy-efficient, impulse radio ultra wideband (IR-UWB) wireless link operating in 3-5 GHz for data telemetry over centimeter-to-meter range distances at rates extended to tens of Mbps. The link comprises an all-digital, integrated transmitter (TX) fabricated in 90 nm 1P/9M CMOS that incorporates a waveform-synthesis pulse generator and a timing generator for on-off-keying (OOK) pulse modulation and phase scrambling. The link also incorporates an energy-detection receiver (RX) realized with commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components that performs radio-frequency (RF) filtering, amplification, logarithmic power detection for data demodulation and automatic level control for robust operation in the presence of distance variations. Employing a miniaturized, UWB, chip antenna for the TX and RX, wireless transmission of pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS) data at rates up to 50 Mbps over 10 cm-1 m is shown. Further, employing a high-gain horn antenna for the RX, wireless transmission of PRBS data at rates up to 67 Mbps over 50 cm-4 m is shown with a TX energy consumption of 30 pJ/b (i.e., power consumption of 2 mW) from 1.2 V. The measured bit error rate (BER) in both cases is < 10(-7) . Results from wireless recording of the background current of a carbon-fiber microelectrode (CFM) in one fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) scan using the IR-UWB link are also included, exhibiting excellent match with those obtained from a conventional frequency-shift-keyed (FSK) link at ~433 MHz.
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Youssef, Fadia S; Labib, Rola M; Eldahshan, Omayma A; Singab, Abdel Nasser B
2017-12-01
The edible plants have long been reported to possess a lot of biological activities. Herein, the hepatoprotective and the antioxidant activities of the aqueous infusion of the edible parts of Cynara cardunculus, Ficus carica, and Morus nigra and their herbal mixture (CFM) was investigated in vitro using CCl 4 induced damage in HepG2 cells. The highest amelioration was observed via the consumption of CFM at 1 mg/ml showing 47.00% and 37.09% decline in aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase and 77.32% and 101.02% increase in reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase comparable to CCl 4 treated cells. Metabolic profiling of their aqueous infusions was done using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic experiments coupled with chemometrics particularly hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). The structural closeness of the various metabolites existing in black berry and the mixture as reflected in the PCA score plot and HCA processed from the 1 H-NMR spectral data could eventually explained the close values in their biological behavior. For fig and artichoke, the existence of different phenolic metabolites that act synergistically could greatly interpret their potent biological behavior. Thus, it can be concluded that a herbal mixture composed of black berry, artichoke, and fig could afford an excellent natural candidate to combat oxidative stress and counteract hepatic toxins owing to its phenolic compounds. © 2017 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Quinto, Francesca; Blechschmidt, Ingo; Garcia Perez, Carmen; Geckeis, Horst; Geyer, Frank; Golser, Robin; Huber, Florian; Lagos, Markus; Lanyon, Bill; Plaschke, Markus; Steier, Peter; Schäfer, Thorsten
2017-07-05
The multiactinide analysis with accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) was applied to samples collected from the run 13-05 of the Colloid Formation and Migration (CFM) experiment at the Grimsel Test Site (GTS). In this in situ radionuclide tracer test, the environmental behavior of 233 U, 237 Np, 242 Pu, and 243 Am was investigated in a water conductive shear zone under conditions relevant for a nuclear waste repository in crystalline rock. The concentration of the actinides in the GTS groundwater was determined with AMS over 6 orders of magnitude from ∼15 pg/g down to ∼25 ag/g. Levels above 10 fg/g were investigated with both sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SF-ICPMS) and AMS. Agreement within a relative uncertainty of 50% was found for 237 Np, 242 Pu, and 243 Am concentrations determined with the two analytical methods. With the extreme sensitivity of AMS, the long-term release and retention of the actinides was investigated over 8 months in the tailing of the breakthrough curve of run 13-05 as well as in samples collected up to 22 months after. Furthermore, the evidence of masses 241 and 244 u in the CFM samples most probably representing 241 Am and 244 Pu employed in a previous tracer test demonstrated the analytical capability of AMS for in situ studies lasting more than a decade.
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Sillanpää, Jouko; Nallapareddy, Sreedhar R.; Prakash, Vittal P.; Qin, Xiang; Hook, Magnus; Weinstock, George M.; Murray, Barbara E.
2009-01-01
SUMMARY Attention has recently been drawn to Enterococcus faecium because of an increasing number of nosocomial infections caused by this species and its resistance to multiple antibacterial agents. However, relatively little is known about pathogenic determinants of this organism. We have previously identified a cell wall anchored collagen adhesin, Acm, produced by some isolates of E. faecium, and a secreted antigen, SagA, exhibiting broad spectrum binding to extracellular matrix proteins. Here, we analyzed the draft genome of strain TX0016 for potential MSCRAMMs (microbial surface component recognizing adhesive matrix molecules). Genome-based bioinformatics identified 22 predicted cell wall anchored E. faeciumsurface proteins (Fms) of which 15 (including Acm) have typical characteristics of MSCRAMMs including predicted folding into a modular architecture with multiple immunoglobulin-like domains. Functional characterization of one (Fms10, redesignated Scm for second collagen adhesin of E. faeciu m) revealed that recombinant Scm65 (A- and B-domains) and Scm36 (A-domain) bound efficiently to collagen type V in a concentration dependent manner, bound considerably less to collagen type I and fibrinogen, and differed from Acm in their binding specificities to collagen types IV and V. Results from far-UV circular dichroism of recombinant Scm36 and of Acm37 indicated that these proteins are rich in β-sheets, supporting our folding predictions. Whole-cell ELISA and FACS analyses unambiguously demonstrated surface expression of Scm in most E. faecium isolates. Strikingly, 11 of the 15 predicted MSCRAMMs clustered in four loci, each with a class C sortase gene; 9 of these showed similarity to Enterococcus faecalis Ebp pilus subunits and also contained motifs essential for pilus assembly. Antibodies against one of the predicted major pilus proteins, Fms9 (redesignated as EbpCfm), detected a “ladder” pattern of high-molecular weight protein bands in a Western blot analysis of cell surface extracts from E. faecium, suggesting that EbpCfm is polymerized into a pilus structure. Further analysis of the transcripts of the corresponding gene cluster indicated that fms1 (ebpAfm), fms5 (ebpBfm) and ebpCfm are co-transcribed, consistent with pilus-encoding gene clusters of other gram-positive bacteria. All 15 genes occurred frequently in 30 clinically-derived diverse E. faecium isolates tested. The common occurrence of MSCRAMM and pilus-encoding genes and the presence of a second collagen-binding protein may have important implications for our understanding of this emerging pathogen. PMID:18832325
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Recruiting and Supporting Diverse Geoscience and Environmental Science Students
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Doser, Diane I.; Manduca, Cathy; Rhodes, Dallas
2014-08-01
Producing a workforce that will be successful in meeting global environmental and resource challenges requires that we attract diverse students into the geosciences, support them fully in our programs, and assist them as they move into the profession. However, geoscience has the lowest ethnic and racial diversity of any of the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines (National Science Foundation (NSF), "Women, Minorities, and Persons with Disabilities in Science and Engineering," http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/wmpd/2013/start.cfm) and is often viewed as a difficult choice for students with physical disabilities.
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Democracy and Deterrence: Foundations for an Enduring World Peace
2008-05-01
Sigmund Freud , in his corre- spondence with Albert Einstein later published as Why War?, asserts that “man has within himself a lust for hatred and de...template.cfm?page=47&nit=342&year=2004. –––––. The World’s Most Repressive Regimes. Washington, DC: Freedom House, 2003. Freud , Sigmund . To Albert...136, 144, 146, 151 freedom of religion, ix, 3–6, 45, 56, 87, 128, 131, 136, 144, 146, 151 freedom of speech, 45, 54, 56, 67–68, 83 Freud , Sigmund , 22
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Plain and Rolled Images from Paired Fingerprint Cards
National Institute of Standards and Technology Data Gateway
NIST Plain and Rolled Images from Paired Fingerprint Cards (Web, free access) NIST Special Database 29 is being distributed for use in development and testing fingerprint matching systems. The data consist of 216 ten-print fingerprint card pairs with both the rolled and plains (from a bottom of the fingerprint card) scanned at 19.7 pixels per mm. A newer version of the compression/decompression software on the CDROM can be found at the website http://www.nist.gov/itl/iad/ig/nigos.cfm as part of the NBIS package.
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DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Glaser, J.
1962-06-19
Initial efforts devoted to development of layout drawings of the protective equipment from which detailed fabrication drawings are to be established are reported. Collective protection equipment design progress is reported on 400- and 800-cfm filter units and on protective entrances for shelters and vehicles. (J.R.D.)
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TARDEC FMEA TRAINING: Understanding and Evaluating Failure Mode and Effects Analyses (FMEA)
2012-06-07
Tip Brass 1 1.1.2.1.3 Ball Tungsten Carbide 1 1.1.2.1.4 Blue Ink Ink .1 grams 1.1.2.2 Steel 1 1.1.3 ABS/PP 1 Ink/Spring Assembly Ink Tube Spring Nib...does not meet airflow (8) voltage circuit analy sis of vehic le - New Yuma - test requirements (6 in. WCtJ.P -Blown fuse control c ircuit vehicle...1500 CFM for XXXX) - Broken wire - Compare fuse capacity to in-rush current and stall current during high ambient temperature conditions - Review
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Wendel, JoAnna
2014-04-01
The L'Oréal For Women in Science program is calling for women postdoctoral scientists to submit applications for the L'Oréal USA Women in Science Fellowship. Five women scientists in a variety of fields, including life and physical/material sciences, technology, engineering, and mathematics, will receive grants of up to $60,000 each. Since the program began in 1998, more than 2000 women scientists worldwide have been awarded fellowships. Application materials are available at https://lorealfwis.aaas.org/login/indexA.cfm; the deadline to apply is 19 May 2014.
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Pfouts, W. R.; Shamblen, C. E.; Mosier, J. S.; Peebles, R. E.; Gorsler, R. W.
1979-01-01
An attempt was made to improve methods for producing powder metallurgy aircraft gas turbine engine parts from the nickel base superalloy known as Rene 95. The parts produced were the high pressure turbine aft shaft for the CF6-50 engine and the stages 5 through 9 compressor disk forgings for the CFM56/F101 engines. A 50% cost reduction was achieved as compared to conventional cast and wrought processing practices. An integrated effort involving several powder producers and a major forging source were included.
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SAMS Acceleration Measurement on Mir From March to September 1996
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Moskowitz, Milton E.; Hrovat, Ken; Truong, Duc; Reckart, Timothy
1997-01-01
During NASA Increment 2 (March to September 1996), over 15 gigabytes of acceleration data were collected by the Space Acceleration Measurement System (SAMS) onboard the Russian Space Station, Mir. The data were recorded on 55 optical disks and were returned to Earth on STS-79. During this time, SAMS data were collected in the Kristall and Kvant modules, and in the Priroda module to support the following experiments: the Queen's University Experiments in Liquid Diffusion (QUELD), the Technological Evaluation of the MIM (TEM), the Forced Flow Flame Spreading Test (FFFT), and Candle Flames in Microgravity (CFM). This report points out some of the salient features of the microgravity environment to which these experiments were exposed. Also documented are mission events of interest such as the docked phase of STS-76 operations, an extravehicular activity (EVA) to install and deploy solar panels on the Kvant module, a Progress engine burn to raise Mir's altitude, and an on-orbit SAMS calibration procedure. Also included are a description of the Mir module orientations, and the panel notations within the modules. This report presents an overview of the SAMS acceleration measurements recorded by 10 Hz and 100 Hz sensor heads. Variations in the acceleration environment caused by unique activities such as crew exercise and life-support fans are presented. The analyses included herein complement those presented in previous mission summary reports published by the Principal Investigator Microgravity Services (PIMS) group.
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40 CFR 1065.545 - Validation of proportional flow control for batch sampling.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... of the estimate, SEE, of the sample flow rate versus the total flow rate. For each test interval, demonstrate that SEE was less than or equal to 3.5% of the mean sample flow rate. (b) For any pair of flow meters, use recorded sample and total flow rates, where total flow rate means the raw exhaust flow rate...
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Characterization of Aerodynamic Performance of Boundary-Layer-Ingesting Inlet Under Crosswind
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Liou, Meng-Sing; Lee, Byung Joon
2012-01-01
NASA has been studying future transport concepts, envisioned to be technically realizable in the timeframe of 2020-2030, to meet environmental and performance goals. One concept receiving considerable interest involves a propulsion system embedded into a hybrid wing-body aircraft. While offering significant advantages in fuel savings and noise reduction by this concept, there are several technical challenges that are not encountered in the current fleet and must be overcome so as to deliver target performance and operability. One of these challenges is associated with an inlet system that ingests a significantly thick boundary layer, developing along the wing-body surface, into a serpentine diffuser before the flow meeting fan blades. The flow is subject to considerable total pressure loss and distorted at the fan face, much more significantly than in the inlet system of conventional aircraft. In our previous studies [1, 2], we have shown that through innovative design changes on the airframe surface, it is possible to simultaneously increase total pressure recovery and decrease distortion in the flow, without resorting to conventional penalty-ridden flow control concepts, such as vortex generator or boundary layer bleeding/suction. In the current study, we are interested in understanding the following issues: how the embedded propulsion system performs under a crosswind condition by studying in detail the flow characteristics of two inlets, the baseline and another optimized previously under the cruise condition. With the insight, it is hoped that it can help in the follow-on study by devising effective strategies to minimize flow distortion arising from the integration of an embedded-engine system into an airframe to the level acceptable to the operation and fuel consumption before 2030. To achieve these demanding goals, non-conventional concepts are called for; but technology gap is too big that it requires evolutionary approach by focusing various concepts and technologies needed in the next three generations of aircraft, respectively named as N+1, N+2, and N+3. Noticeably, considerable reduction in each category of 1 is required in N+2 (relative to Boeing 777-200 and GE90 engines) and N+3 (relative to Boeing 737-800 and CFM56-7B engines). In this study, concepts for N+2 is our interest. A concept that has potential to achieve these metrics and has been under intensive study is the hybrid wing body (HWB) airframe with a tightly integrated propulsion system, see Fig. 1. The inlet is non-circular at the entrance and the entering flow, no longer uniform or free of disturbances, and is now carrying with it a boundary layer developing along the fuselage; the inlet is thus known as boundary-layer-ingesting (BLI) inlet.
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Training in clinical forensic medicine in the UK--perceptions of current regulatory standards.
Stark, Margaret M; Norfolk, Guy A
2011-08-01
As clinical forensic medicine (CFM) is not currently recognised as a speciality in the UK there are no nationally agreed mandatory standards for training forensic physicians in either general forensic (GFM) or sexual offence medicine (SOM). The General Medical Council (GMC), the medical regulator in the UK, has issued clear standards for training in all specialities recommending that "trainees must be supported to acquire the necessary skills and experience through induction, effective educational supervision, an appropriate workload and time to learn". In order to evaluate the current situation in the field of clinical forensic medicine, doctors who have recently (within the last two years) started working in the field "trainees" (n = 38), and trainers (n = 61) with responsibility for clinical and educational supervision of new trainees, were surveyed by questionnaire to gather their perceptions of how the relevant GMC standards are being met in initial on-the-job training. Telephone interviews were performed with eleven doctors working as clinical or medical directors to determine their views. It is clear that currently the quality of training in CFM is sub-standard and inconsistent and that the published standards, as to the minimum requirement for training that must be met by post-graduate medical and training providers at all levels, are not being met. The Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine (FFLM) needs to set explicit minimum standards which will comply with the regulator and work to pilot credentialing for forensic physicians. A number of recommendations are made for urgent FFLM development. Crown Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Park, Jang-Su; Yaster, Myron; Guan, Xiaowei; Xu, Ji-Tian; Shih, Ming-Hung; Guan, Yun; Raja, Srinivasa N; Tao, Yuan-Xiang
2008-12-30
Spinal cord alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) mediate acute spinal processing of nociceptive and non-nociceptive information, but whether and how their activation contributes to the central sensitization that underlies persistent inflammatory pain are still unclear. Here, we examined the role of spinal AMPARs in the development and maintenance of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced persistent inflammatory pain. Intrathecal application of two selective non-competitive AMPAR antagonists, CFM-2 (25 and 50 microg) and GYKI 52466 (50 microg), significantly attenuated mechanical and thermal hypersensitivities on the ipsilateral hind paw at 2 and 24 h post-CFA injection. Neither CFM-2 nor GYKI 52466 affected the contralateral basal responses to thermal and mechanical stimuli. Locomotor activity was not altered in any of the drug-treated animals. CFA-induced inflammation did not change total expression or distribution of AMPAR subunits GluR1 and GluR2 in dorsal horn but did alter their subcellular distribution. The amount of GluR2 was markedly increased in the crude cytosolic fraction and decreased in the crude membrane fraction from the ipsilateral L4-5 dorsal horn at 24 h (but not at 2 h) post-CFA injection. Conversely, the level of GluR1 was significantly decreased in the crude cytosolic fraction and increased in the crude membrane fraction from the ipsilateral L4-5 dorsal horn at 24 h (but not at 2 h) post-CFA injection. These findings suggest that spinal AMPARs might participate in the central spinal mechanism of persistent inflammatory pain.
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Development of a biomarkers database for the National Children's Study
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Lobdell, Danelle T.; Mendola, Pauline
The National Children's Study (NCS) is a federally-sponsored, longitudinal study of environmental influences on the health and development of children across the United States (www.nationalchildrensstudy.gov). Current plans are to study approximately 100,000 children and their families beginning before birth up to age 21 years. To explore potential biomarkers that could be important measurements in the NCS, we compiled the relevant scientific literature to identify both routine or standardized biological markers as well as new and emerging biological markers. Although the search criteria encouraged examination of factors that influence the breadth of child health and development, attention was primarily focused onmore » exposure, susceptibility, and outcome biomarkers associated with four important child health outcomes: autism and neurobehavioral disorders, injury, cancer, and asthma. The Biomarkers Database was designed to allow users to: (1) search the biomarker records compiled by type of marker (susceptibility, exposure or effect), sampling media (e.g., blood, urine, etc.), and specific marker name; (2) search the citations file; and (3) read the abstract evaluations relative to our search criteria. A searchable, user-friendly database of over 2000 articles was created and is publicly available at: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=85844. PubMed was the primary source of references with some additional searches of Toxline, NTIS, and other reference databases. Our initial focus was on review articles, beginning as early as 1996, supplemented with searches of the recent primary research literature from 2001 to 2003. We anticipate this database will have applicability for the NCS as well as other studies of children's environmental health.« less
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Ezra, Daniel G; Ellis, James S; Beaconsfield, Michèle; Collin, Richard; Bailly, Maryse
2010-08-01
Floppy eyelid syndrome (FES) is an acquired hyperelasticity disorder affecting the upper eyelid. The tarsal plate becomes hyperelastic with a loss of intrinsic rigidity. As a result, the eyelid is subjected to cyclic mechanical stress. This condition was used as a model to investigate changes in dynamic fibroblast contractility in the context of chronic cyclic mechanical stress. Contractile efficiency was investigated in a free-floating, three-dimensional collagen matrix model. Intrinsic cellular force measurements and responses to changes in gel tension were explored using a tensioning culture force monitor (t-CFM). Gene expression differences between cell lines exhibiting differences in contractile phenotype were explored with a genome level microarray platform and RT-PCR. FES tarsal plate fibroblasts (TFs) showed an increased contractile efficiency compared with the control, and t-CFM measurements confirmed a higher intrinsic cellular force at plateau levels. Cyclic stretch/relaxation experiments determined that TFs in FES maintained a functional tensional homeostasis response but with an altered sensitivity, operating around a higher mechanostat set point. Gene expression array and RT-PCR analysis identified V-CAM1 and PPP1R3C as being upregulated in FES TFs. These changes may represent an adaptive response that allows tensional homeostasis to be maintained at the high levels of tissue stress experienced in FES. Gene expression studies point to a role for V-CAM1 and PPP1R3C in mediating changes in the dynamic range of mechanosensitivity of TFs. This work identifies FES as a useful model for the study of adaptive physiological responses to mechanical stress.
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Probabilistic modelling of drought events in China via 2-dimensional joint copula
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Ayantobo, Olusola O.; Li, Yi; Song, Songbai; Javed, Tehseen; Yao, Ning
2018-04-01
Probabilistic modelling of drought events is a significant aspect of water resources management and planning. In this study, popularly applied and several relatively new bivariate Archimedean copulas were employed to derive regional and spatial based copula models to appraise drought risk in mainland China over 1961-2013. Drought duration (Dd), severity (Ds), and peak (Dp), as indicated by Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), were extracted according to the run theory and fitted with suitable marginal distributions. The maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and curve fitting method (CFM) were used to estimate the copula parameters of nineteen bivariate Archimedean copulas. Drought probabilities and return periods were analysed based on appropriate bivariate copula in sub-region I-VII and entire mainland China. The goodness-of-fit tests as indicated by the CFM showed that copula NN19 in sub-regions III, IV, V, VI and mainland China, NN20 in sub-region I and NN13 in sub-region VII are the best for modeling drought variables. Bivariate drought probability across mainland China is relatively high, and the highest drought probabilities are found mainly in the Northwestern and Southwestern China. Besides, the result also showed that different sub-regions might suffer varying drought risks. The drought risks as observed in Sub-region III, VI and VII, are significantly greater than other sub-regions. Higher probability of droughts of longer durations in the sub-regions also corresponds to shorter return periods with greater drought severity. These results may imply tremendous challenges for the water resources management in different sub-regions, particularly the Northwestern and Southwestern China.
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Birgfeld, Craig B; Heike, Carrie L; Saltzman, Babette S; Leroux, Brian G; Evans, Kelly N; Luquetti, Daniela V
2016-03-31
Craniofacial microsomia is a common congenital condition for which children receive longitudinal, multidisciplinary team care. However, little is known about the etiology of craniofacial microsomia and few outcome studies have been published. In order to facilitate large, multicenter studies in craniofacial microsomia, we assessed the reliability of phenotypic classification based on photographs by comparison with direct physical examination. Thirty-nine children with craniofacial microsomia underwent a physical examination and photographs according to a standardized protocol. Three clinicians completed ratings during the physical examination and, at least a month later, using respective photographs for each participant. We used descriptive statistics for participant characteristics and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) to assess reliability. The agreement between ratings on photographs and physical exam was greater than 80 % for all 15 categories included in the analysis. The ICC estimates were higher than 0.6 for most features. Features with the highest ICC included: presence of epibulbar dermoids, ear abnormalities, and colobomas (ICC 0.85, 0.81, and 0.80, respectively). Orbital size, presence of pits, tongue abnormalities, and strabismus had the lowest ICC, values (0.17 or less). There was not a strong tendency for either type of rating, physical exam or photograph, to be more likely to designate a feature as abnormal. The agreement between photographs and physical exam regarding the presence of a prior surgery was greater than 90 % for most features. Our results suggest that categorization of facial phenotype in children with CFM based on photographs is reliable relative to physical examination for most facial features.
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In vivo study of flow-rate accuracy of the MedStream Programmable Infusion System.
Venugopalan, Ramakrishna; Ginggen, Alec; Bork, Toralf; Anderson, William; Buffen, Elaine
2011-01-01
Flow-rate accuracy and precision are important parameters to optimizing the efficacy of programmable intrathecal (IT) infusion pump delivery systems. Current programmable IT pumps are accurate within ±14.5% of their programmed infusion rate when assessed under ideal environmental conditions and specific flow-rate settings in vitro. We assessed the flow-rate accuracy of a novel programmable pump system across its entire flow-rate range under typical conditions in sheep (in vivo) and nominal conditions in vitro. The flow-rate accuracy of the MedStream Programmable Pump was assessed in both the in vivo and in vitro settings. In vivo flow-rate accuracy was assessed in 16 sheep at various flow-rates (producing 90 flow intervals) more than 90 ± 3 days. Pumps were then explanted, re-sterilized and in vitro flow-rate accuracy was assessed at 37°C and 1013 mBar (80 flow intervals). In vivo (sheep body temperatures 38.1°C-39.8°C), mean ± SD flow-rate error was 9.32% ± 9.27% and mean ± SD leak-rate was 0.028 ± 0.08 mL/day. Following explantation, mean in vitro flow-rate error and leak-rate were -1.05% ± 2.55% and 0.003 ± 0.004 mL/day (37°C, 1013 mBar), respectively. The MedStream Programmable Pump demonstrated high flow-rate accuracy when tested in vivo and in vitro at normal body temperature and environmental pressure as well as when tested in vivo at variable sheep body temperature. The flow-rate accuracy of the MedStream Programmable Pump across its flow-rate range, compares favorably to the accuracy of current clinically utilized programmable IT infusion pumps reported at specific flow-rate settings and conditions. © 2011 International Neuromodulation Society.
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Multiplexed single-molecule force spectroscopy using a centrifuge.
Yang, Darren; Ward, Andrew; Halvorsen, Ken; Wong, Wesley P
2016-03-17
We present a miniature centrifuge force microscope (CFM) that repurposes a benchtop centrifuge for high-throughput single-molecule experiments with high-resolution particle tracking, a large force range, temperature control and simple push-button operation. Incorporating DNA nanoswitches to enable repeated interrogation by force of single molecular pairs, we demonstrate increased throughput, reliability and the ability to characterize population heterogeneity. We perform spatiotemporally multiplexed experiments to collect 1,863 bond rupture statistics from 538 traceable molecular pairs in a single experiment, and show that 2 populations of DNA zippers can be distinguished using per-molecule statistics to reduce noise.
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Multiplexed single-molecule force spectroscopy using a centrifuge
Yang, Darren; Ward, Andrew; Halvorsen, Ken; Wong, Wesley P.
2016-01-01
We present a miniature centrifuge force microscope (CFM) that repurposes a benchtop centrifuge for high-throughput single-molecule experiments with high-resolution particle tracking, a large force range, temperature control and simple push-button operation. Incorporating DNA nanoswitches to enable repeated interrogation by force of single molecular pairs, we demonstrate increased throughput, reliability and the ability to characterize population heterogeneity. We perform spatiotemporally multiplexed experiments to collect 1,863 bond rupture statistics from 538 traceable molecular pairs in a single experiment, and show that 2 populations of DNA zippers can be distinguished using per-molecule statistics to reduce noise. PMID:26984516
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Mated Fingerprint Card Pairs (Volumes 1-5)
National Institute of Standards and Technology Data Gateway
NIST Mated Fingerprint Card Pairs (Volumes 1-5) (Web, free access) The NIST database of mated fingerprint card pairs (Special Database 9) consists of multiple volumes. Currently five volumes have been released. Each volume will be a 3-disk set with each CD-ROM containing 90 mated card pairs of segmented 8-bit gray scale fingerprint images (900 fingerprint image pairs per CD-ROM). A newer version of the compression/decompression software on the CDROM can be found at the website http://www.nist.gov/itl/iad/ig/nigos.cfm as part of the NBIS package.
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An Adjunct Galilean Satellite Orbiter Using a Small Radioisotope Power Source
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Abelson, Robert Dean; Randolph, J.; Alkalai, L.; Collins, D.; Moore, W.
2005-01-01
This is a conceptual mission study intended to demonstrate the range of possible missions and applications that could be enabled were a new generation of Small Radioisotope Power Systems to be developed by NASA and DOE. While such systems are currently being considered by NASA and DOE, they do not currently exist. This study is one of several small RPS-enabled mission concepts that were studied and presented in the NASA/JPL document "Enabling Exploration with Small Radioisotope Power Systems" available at: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/multimedia/download-detail.cfm?DL_ID=82
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Dispenza, Jason
2017-12-27
A home energy assessment, also known as a home energy audit, is the first step to assess how much energy your home consumes and to evaluate what measures you can take to make your home more energy efficient. An assessment will show you problems that may, when corrected, save you significant amounts of money over time. This video shows some of the ways that a contractor may test your home during an assessment, and helps you understand how an assessment can help you move toward energy savings. Find out more at: http://www.energysavers.gov/your_home/energy_audits/index.cfm/mytopic=11160
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Houston Jones, Jane
2008-09-01
Abstract What's Up video podcasts: connecting "astronomy for everyone" monthly astronomical views with related NASA missions, science, images and handson education. Background: What's Up Podcasts are 2 minute video podcasts available through RSS feed, You tube, and NASA websites every month. They feature an astronomy related viewing target in the sky each month, targets visible to everyone, from city or country, just by looking up! No telescope is required to view these objects. Summary: Expand and broaden the scope of the existing "What's Up" public astronomy themed video podcasts. NASA builds partnerships and linkages between Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics formal and informal education providers. What's Up podcasts provides a link between astronomical views and events, or "what's up in the night sky this month" with current NASA missions, mission milestones and events, space telescope images or press releases. These podcasts, plus supporting star charts, hands-on activities, standards-based educational lessons and mission links will be used by museums, planetariums, astronomy clubs, civic and youth groups, as well as by classrooms and the general public. They can be translated to other languages, too. Providing the podcasts in high definition, through the NASA websites, You Tube, iTunes and other web video sharing sites reaches wide audiences of all ages. Third Saturn Observation Night - May 18, 2008 Centered on Saturn Opposition, when the Sun and Saturn are on opposite sides of the Earth, all IYA participants - in all countries around the world - will be encouraged to take their telescopes out and share the planet Saturn with their communities. NASA's International Saturn Observation Campaign network of astronomy enthusiasts has now conducted a Saturn Observation Night event for the past 2 years, and it succeeds by building an international community all sharing Saturn. This celebration has been successfully conducted in hundreds of locations all over the world over the past 2 years; from Australia to Vietnam; from South Africa to Slovenia; and from Arkansas to Washington. The Cassini volunteer network, called the Saturn Observation Campaign http://soc.jpl.nasa.gov/members.cfm is comprised of 400 amateur astronomy members in 52 countries. Cassini Saturn Opposition is March, 8th, 2009, three days before full moon. So we plan Saturn Observation Night 2009 to be March 1, and offer the week before and the week after for weather and rain delay nights. What's Up Video Podcasts Archive: http://education.jpl.nasa.gov/amateurastronomy/index. html Saturn Observation Campaign worldwide members: http://soc.jpl.nasa.gov/members.cfm and event images: http://soc.jpl.nasa.gov/experience/gallery-archivephotos. cfm
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Zhang, Haiping; Chen, Ruihong; Li, Feipeng; Chen, Ling
2015-03-01
To investigate the effects of flow rate on phytoplankton dynamics and related environment variables, a set of enclosure experiments with different flow rates were conducted in an artificial lake. We monitored nutrients, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, turbidity, chlorophyll- a and phytoplankton levels. The lower biomass in all flowing enclosures showed that flow rate significantly inhibited the growth of phytoplankton. A critical flow rate occurred near 0.06 m/s, which was the lowest relative inhibitory rate. Changes in flow conditions affected algal competition for light, resulting in a dramatic shift in phytoplankton composition, from blue-green algae in still waters to green algae in flowing conditions. These findings indicate that critical flow rate can be useful in developing methods to reduce algal bloom occurrence. However, flow rate significantly enhanced the inter-relationships among environmental variables, in particular by inducing higher water turbidity and vegetative reproduction of periphyton ( Spirogyra). These changes were accompanied by a decrease in underwater light intensity, which consequently inhibited the photosynthetic intensity of phytoplankton. These results warn that a universal critical flow rate might not exist, because the effect of flow rate on phytoplankton is interlinked with many other environmental variables.
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Chau, Destiny F; Vasilopoulos, Terrie; Schoepf, Miriam; Zhang, Christina; Fahy, Brenda G
2016-09-01
Complex surgical and critically ill pediatric patients rely on syringe infusion pumps for precise delivery of IV medications. Low flow rates and in-line IV filter use may affect drug delivery. To determine the effects of an in-line filter to remove air and/or contaminants on syringe pump performance at low flow rates, we compared the measured rates with the programmed flow rates with and without in-line IV filters. Standardized IV infusion assemblies with and without IV filters (filter and control groups) attached to a 10-mL syringe were primed and then loaded onto a syringe pump and connected to a 16-gauge, 16-cm single-lumen catheter. The catheter was suspended in a normal saline fluid column to simulate the back pressure from central venous circulation. The delivered infusate was measured by gravimetric methods at predetermined time intervals, and flow rate was calculated. Experimental trials for initial programmed rates of 1.0, 0.8, 0.6, and 0.4 mL/h were performed in control and filter groups. For each trial, the flow rate was changed to double the initial flow rate and was then returned to the initial flow rate to analyze pump performance for titration of rates often required during medication administration. These conditions (initial rate, doubling of initial rate, and return to initial rate) were analyzed separately for steady-state flow rate and time to steady state, whereas their average was used for percent deviation analysis. Differences between control and filter groups were assessed using Student t tests with adjustment for multiplicity (using n = 3 replications per group). Mean time from 0 to initial flow (startup delay) was <1 minute in both groups with no statistical difference between groups (P = 1.0). The average time to reach steady-state flow after infusion startup or rate changes was not statistically different between the groups (range, 0.8-5.5 minutes), for any flow rate or part of the trial (initial rate, doubling of initial rate, and return to initial rate), although the study was underpowered to detect small time differences. Overall, the mean steady-state flow rate for each trial was below the programmed flow rate with negative mean percent deviations for each trial. In the 1.0-mL/h initial rate trial, the steady-state flow rate attained was lower in the filter than the control group for the initial rate (P = 0.04) and doubling of initial rate (P = 0.04) with a trend during the return to initial rate (P = 0.06), although this same effect was not observed when doubling the initial rate trials of 0.8 or 0.6 mL/h or any other rate trials compared with the control group. With low flow rates used in complex surgical and pediatric critically ill patients, the addition of IV filters did not confer statistically significant changes in startup delay, flow variability, or time to reach steady-state flow of medications administered by syringe infusion pumps. The overall flow rate was lower than programmed flow rate with or without a filter.
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Liquid Hydrogen Propellant Tank Sub-Surface Pressurization with Gaseous Helium
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Stephens, J. R.; Cartagena, W.
2015-01-01
A series of tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of a propellant tank pressurization system with the pressurant diffuser intentionally submerged beneath the surface of the liquid. Propellant tanks and pressurization systems are typically designed with the diffuser positioned to apply pressurant gas directly into the tank ullage space when the liquid propellant is settled. Space vehicles, and potentially propellant depots, may need to conduct tank pressurization operations in micro-gravity environments where the exact location of the liquid relative to the diffuser is not well understood. If the diffuser is positioned to supply pressurant gas directly to the tank ullage space when the propellant is settled, then it may become partially or completely submerged when the liquid becomes unsettled in a microgravity environment. In such case, the pressurization system performance will be adversely affected requiring additional pressurant mass and longer pressurization times. This series of tests compares and evaluates pressurization system performance using the conventional method of supplying pressurant gas directly to the propellant tank ullage, and then supplying pressurant gas beneath the liquid surface. The pressurization tests were conducted on the Engineering Development Unit (EDU) located at Test Stand 300 at NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). EDU is a ground based Cryogenic Fluid Management (CFM) test article supported by Glenn Research Center (GRC) and MSFC. A 150 ft3 propellant tank was filled with liquid hydrogen (LH2). The pressurization system used regulated ambient helium (GHe) as a pressurant, a variable position valve to maintain flow rate, and two identical independent pressurant diffusers. The ullage diffuser was located in the forward end of the tank and was completely exposed to the tank ullage. The submerged diffuser was located in the aft end of the tank and was completely submerged when the tank liquid level was 10% or greater. The ullage diffuser tests were conducted as a baseline to evaluate the performance of the pressurization system, and the submerged diffuser tests showed how the performance of the pressurization system was compromised when the diffuser was submerged in LH2. The test results are evaluated and compared, and included in this report for various propellant tank fill levels.
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Compressed Air Quality, A Case Study In Paiton Coal Fired Power Plant Unit 1 And 2
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Indah, Nur; Kusuma, Yuriadi; Mardani
2018-03-01
The compressed air system becomes part of a very important utility system in a Plant, including the Steam Power Plant. In PLN’S coal fired power plant, Paiton units 1 and 2, there are four Centrifugal air compressor types, which produce compressed air as much as 5.652 cfm and with electric power capacity of 1200 kW. Electricity consumption to operate centrifugal compressor is 7.104.117 kWh per year. Compressed air generation is not only sufficient in quantity (flow rate) but also meets the required air quality standards. compressed air at Steam Power Plant is used for; service air, Instrument air, and for fly Ash. This study aims to measure some important parameters related to air quality, followed by potential disturbance analysis, equipment breakdown or reduction of energy consumption from existing compressed air conditions. These measurements include counting the number of dust particles, moisture content, relative humidity, and also compressed air pressure. From the measurements, the compressed air pressure generated by the compressor is about 8.4 barg and decreased to 7.7 barg at the furthest point, so the pressure drop is 0.63 barg, this number satisfies the needs in the end user. The measurement of the number of particles contained in compressed air, for particle of 0.3 micron reaches 170,752 particles, while for the particle size 0.5 micron reaches 45,245 particles. Measurements of particles conducted at several points of measurement. For some point measurements the number of dust particle exceeds the standard set by ISO 8573.1-2010 and also NACE Code, so it needs to be improved on the air treatment process. To see the amount of moisture content in compressed air, it is done by measuring pressure dew point temperature (PDP). Measurements were made at several points with results ranging from -28.4 to 30.9 °C. The recommendation of improving compressed air quality in steam power plant, Paiton unit 1 and 2 has the potential to extend the life of instrumentation equipment, improve the reliability of equipment, and reduce the amount of energy consumption up to 502,579 kWh per year.
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Dynamics of lava flow - Thickness growth characteristics of steady two-dimensional flow
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Park, S.; Iversen, J. D.
1984-01-01
The thickness growth characteristics of flowing lava are investigated using a heat balance model and a two-dimensional model for flow of a Bingham plastic fluid down an inclined plane. It is found that yield strength plays a crucial role in the thickening of a lava flow of given flow rate. To illustrate this point, downstream thickness profiles and yield strength distributions were calculated for flows with mass flow rates of 10,000 and 100,000 kg/m-sec. Higher flow rates led to slow cooling rates which resulted in slow rate of increase of yield strength and thus greater flow lengths.
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Engelen, Lina; de Wijk, Rene A; Prinz, Jon F; van der Bilt, Andries; Bosman, Frits
2003-01-01
Salivary flow rates were measured at rest and after three types of stimulation; odor, Parafilm chewing, and citric acid. The highest flow rate was elicited by citric acid followed by Parafilm and odor, while the lowest flow rate was unstimulated. In order to investigate whether and how the amount of saliva a subject produces influences the sensory ratings, the four types of salivary flow rates were correlated with sensory ratings of three different types of vanilla custard dessert. No significant correlation could be found between any of the salivary flow rates and the sensory ratings. A subject with a larger saliva flow rate during eating did not rate the foods differently from a subject with less saliva flow. The same pattern was seen for all types of stimulation. This finding could indicate that subjects are used to their respective amounts of saliva to such a degree that the differences in sensory ratings between subjects cannot be explained by the interindividual difference in saliva flow rate.
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Albright, A. E.
1984-01-01
A glycol-exuding porous leading edge ice protection system was tested in the NASA Icing Research Tunnel. Stainless steel mesh, laser drilled titanium, and composite panels were tested on two general aviation wing sections. Two different glycol-water solutions were evaluated. Minimum glycol flow rates required for anti-icing were obtained as a function of angle of attack, liquid water content, volume median drop diameter, temperature, and velocity. Ice accretions formed after five minutes of icing were shed in three minutes or less using a glycol fluid flow equal to the anti-ice flow rate. Two methods of predicting anti-ice flow rates are presented and compared with a large experimental data base of anti-ice flow rates over a wide range of icing conditions. The first method presented in the ADS-4 document typically predicts flow rates lower than the experimental flow rates. The second method, originally published in 1983, typically predicts flow rates up to 25 percent higher than the experimental flow rates. This method proved to be more consistent between wing-panel configurations. Significant correlation coefficients between the predicted flow rates and the experimental flow rates ranged from .867 to .947.
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Leypoldt, John K; Kamerath, Craig D; Gilson, Janice F; Friederichs, Goetz
2006-01-01
New daily hemodialysis therapies operate at low dialysate flow rates to minimize dialysate volume requirements; however, the dependence of dialyzer clearances and mass transfer-area coefficients for small solutes on dialysate flow rate under these conditions have not been studied extensively. We evaluated in vitro dialyzer clearances for urea and creatinine at dialysate flow rates of 40, 80, 120, 160, and 200 ml/min and ultrafiltration flow rates of 0, 1, and 2 l/h, using a dialyzer containing PUREMA membranes (NxStage Medical, Lawrence, MA). Clearances were measured directly across the dialyzer by perfusing bovine blood with added urea and creatinine single pass through the dialyzer at a nominal blood flow rate of 400 ml/min. Limited, additional studies were performed with the use of dialyzers containing PUREMA membranes at a blood flow rate of 200 ml/min and also with the use of other dialyzers containing polysulfone membranes (Optiflux 160NR, FMC-NA, Ogden, UT) and dialyzers containing Synphan membranes (NxStage Medical). For dialyzers containing PUREMA membranes, urea and creatinine clearances increased (p < 0.001) with increasing dialysate and ultrafiltration flow rates but were not different at blood flow rates of 200 and 400 ml/min. Dialysate saturation, defined as dialysate outlet concentration divided by blood water inlet concentration, for urea and creatinine was independent of blood and ultrafiltration flow rate but varied inversely (p < 0.001) with dialysate flow rate. Mass transfer-area coefficients for urea and creatinine were independent of blood and ultrafiltration flow rate but decreased (p < 0.001) with decreasing dialysate flow rate. Calculated mass transfer-area coefficients at low dialysate flow rates for all dialyzers tested were substantially lower than those reported by the manufacturers under conventional conditions. We conclude that dialyzers require specific characterization under relevant conditions if they are used in novel daily hemodialysis therapies at low dialysate flow rate.
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Chang, Angela T; Palmer, Kerry R; McNaught, Jessie; Thomas, Peter J
2010-08-01
This study investigated the effect of flow rates and spirometer type on chest wall motion in healthy individuals. Twenty-one healthy volunteers completed breathing trials to either two times tidal volume (2xV(T)) or inspiratory capacity (IC) at high, low, or natural flow rates, using a volume- or flow-oriented spirometer. The proportions of rib cage movement to tidal volume (%RC/V(T)), chest wall diameters, and perceived level of exertion (RPE) were compared. Low and natural flow rates resulted in significantly lower %RC/V(T) compared to high flow rate trials (p=0.001) at 2xV(T). Low flow trials also resulted in significantly less chest wall motion in the upper anteroposterior direction than high and natural flow rates (p<0.001). At IC, significantly greater movement occurred in the abdominal lateral direction during low flow compared to high and natural flow trials (both p<0.003). RPE was lower for the low flow trials compared to high flow trials at IC and 2xV(T) (p<0.01). In healthy individuals, inspiratory flow (not device type) during incentive spirometry determines the resultant breathing pattern. High flow rates result in greater chest wall motion than low flow rates.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Miracolo, M. A.; Presto, A. A.; Hennigan, C. J.; Nguyen, N.; Ranjan, M.; Reeder, A.; Lipsky, E.; Donahue, N. M.; Robinson, A. L.
2009-12-01
Many military and commercial airfields are located in non-attainment areas for particulate matter (PM2.5), but the contribution of emissions from in-use aircraft to local and regional PM2.5 concentrations is uncertain. In collaboration with the Pennsylvania Air National Guard 171st Air Refueling Wing, the Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) Mobile Laboratory was deployed to measure fresh and aged emissions from a CFM56-2B1 gas-turbine engine mounted on a KC-135 Stratotanker airframe. The CFM-56 family of engine powers many different types of military and civilian aircraft, including the Boeing 737 and several Airbus models. It is one of the most widely deployed models of engines in the world. The goal of this work was to measure the gas-particle partitioning of the fresh emissions at atmospherically relevant conditions and to investigate the effect of atmospheric oxidation on aerosol loadings as the emissions age. Emissions were sampled from an inlet installed one meter downstream of the engine exit plane and transferred into a portable smog chamber via a heated inlet line. Separate experiments were conducted at different engine loads ranging from ground idle to take-off rated thrust. During each experiment, some diluted exhaust was added to the chamber and the volatility of the fresh emissions was then characterized using a thermodenuder. After this characterization, the chamber was exposed to either ambient sunlight or UV lights to initiate photochemical oxidation, which produced secondary aerosol and ozone. A suite of gas and particle-phase instrumentation was used to characterize the evolution of the gas and particle-phase emissions, including an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) to measure particle size and composition distributions. Fresh emissions of fine particles varied with engine load with peak emission factors at low and high loads. At high engine loads, the fresh emissions were dominated by black carbon; at low loads volatile organic carbon emissions were dominant. At low loads, photo-oxidation increased aerosol loadings in the chamber by a factor of fifty. We attribute this substantial secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production to oxidation of low-volatility organic vapors emitted under low loads. At higher loads, we see more modest secondary aerosol production from both organics and inorganics. Therefore secondary aerosol production can substantially exceed the direct aerosol emissions from aircraft. The results underscore the dramatic effects that photo-oxidation has on aerosol emissions from aircraft.
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Augmentative effect of pulsatility on the wall shear stress in tube flow.
Nakata, M; Tatsumi, E; Tsukiya, T; Taenaka, Y; Nishimura, T; Nishinaka, T; Takano, H; Masuzawa, T; Ohba, K
1999-08-01
Wall shear stress (WSS) has been considered to play an important role in the physiological and metabolic functions of the vascular endothelial cells. We investigated the effects of the pulse rate and the maximum flow rate on the WSS to clarify the influence of pulsatility. Water was perfused in a 1/2 inch transparent straight cylinder with a nonpulsatile centrifugal pump and a pulsatile pneumatic ventricular assist device (VAD). In nonpulsatile flow (NF), the flow rate was changed 1 to 6 L/min by 1 L/min increments to obtain standard values of WSS at each flow rate. In pulsatile flow (PF), the pulse rate was controlled at 40, 60, and 80 bpm, and the maximum flow rate was varied from 3.3 to 12.0 L/min while the mean flow rate was kept at 3 L/min. The WSS was estimated from the velocity profile at measuring points using the laser illuminated fluorescence method. In NF, the WSS was 12.0 dyne/cm2 at 3 L/min and 33.0 dyne/cm2 at 6 L/min. In PF, the pulse rate change with the same mean, and the maximum flow rate did not affect WSS. On the other hand, the increase in the maximum flow rate at the constant mean flow rate of 3 L/min augmented the mean WSS from 13.1 to 32.9 dyne/cm2. We concluded that the maximum flow rate exerted a substantial augmentative effect on WSS, and the maximum flow rate was a dominant factor of pulsatility in this effect.
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Smith, Kathryn A.; Conboy, John C.
2011-01-01
The lipophilic dye merocyanine 540 (MC540) was used to model small molecule-membrane interactions using micropatterned lipid bilayer arrays (MLBAs) prepared using a 3D Continuous Flow Microspotter (CFM). Fluorescence microscopy was used to monitor MC540 binding to fifteen different bilayer compositions simultaneously. MC540 fluorescence was two times greater for bilayers composed of liquid-crystalline (l.c.) phase lipids (1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC), 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (SOPC), and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC)) compared to bilayers in the gel phase (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC)). The effect cholesterol (CHO) had on MC540 binding to the membrane was found to be dependent on the lipid component; cholesterol decreased MC540 bindingin DMPC, DPPC and DSPC bilayers while having little to no effect on the remaining l.c. phase lipids. MC540 fluorescence was also lowered when 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (sodium salt) (DOPS) was incorporated into DOPC bilayers. The increase in the surface charge density appears to decrease the occurrence of highly fluorescent monomers and increase the formation of weakly fluorescent dimers via electrostatic repulsion. This paper demonstrates that MLBAs are a useful tool for preparing high density reproducible bilayer arrays to study small molecule-membrane interactions in a high-throughput manner. PMID:21376014
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Noll, J.; Cecala, A.; Hummer, J.
2016-01-01
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health has observed that many control rooms and operator compartments in the U.S. mining industry do not have filtration systems capable of maintaining low dust concentrations in these areas. In this study at a mineral processing plant, to reduce respirable dust concentrations in a control room that had no cleaning system for intake air, a filtration and pressurization system originally designed for enclosed cabs was modified and installed. This system was composed of two filtering units: one to filter outside air and one to filter and recirculate the air inside the control room. Eighty-seven percent of submicrometer particles were reduced by the system under static conditions. This means that greater than 87 percent of respirable dust particles should be reduced as the particle-size distribution of respirable dust particles is greater than that of submicrometer particles, and filtration systems usually are more efficient in capturing the larger particles. A positive pressure near 0.02 inches of water gauge was produced, which is an important component of an effective system and minimizes the entry of particles, such as dust, into the room. The intake airflow was around 118 cfm, greater than the airflow suggested by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) for acceptable indoor air quality. After one year, the loading of the filter caused the airflow to decrease to 80 cfm, which still produces acceptable indoor air quality. Due to the loading of the filters, the reduction efficiency for submicrometer particles under static conditions increased to 94 percent from 87 percent. PMID:26834293
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3D carbon fiber mats/nano-Fe3O4 hybrid material with high electromagnetic shielding performance
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Zhan, Yingqing; Long, Zhihang; Wan, Xinyi; Zhang, Jiemin; He, Shuangjiang; He, Yi
2018-06-01
To obtain high-performance electromagnetic shielding materials, structure and morphology are two key factors. We here developed an efficient and facial method to prepare high-performance 3D carbon nanofiber mats (CFM)/Fe3O4 hybrid electromagnetic shielding materials. For this purpose, the CFM were chemically modified by mussel-inspired poly-dopamine coating, which were further used as templates for decoration of Fe3O4 nanoparticles via solvothermal route. It was found that the Fe3O4 nano-spheres with diameters of 200-250 nm were uniformly coated on the surface of 3D carbon nanofibers. More importantly, the morphology and structure of resulting 3D carbon nanofiber mats/Fe3O4 hybrids could be easily controlled by altering the experiment parameters, which were examined by FT-IR, XPS, TGA, XRD, SEM, and TEM. The measured magnetic properties showed that saturation magnetism and coercivity increased from 13.4 to 39.7 emu/g and 85.3 to 104.6 Oe, respectively. The lowest reflectivity of resulting hybrid was calculated to be -47 dB at 10.0 GHz (2.5 mm). In addition, the reflectivity of 3D carbon nanofiber mats/Fe3O4 hybrid was less than -25 dB in the range of 7-13 GHz. Moreover, the resulting 3D carbon nanofiber mats/Fe3O4 hybrid exhibited an EMI shielding performance of -62.6 dB in the frequency range of 8.2-12.4 GHz. Therefore, 3D carbon fiber mats/Fe3O4 hybrids can be ideal EMI materials with strong absorption, low density, and wide absorption range.
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Scholz, Birger; Doidge, Amie N.; Barnes, Philip; Hall, Jeremy; Wilkinson, Lawrence S.; Thomas, Kerrie L.
2016-01-01
We investigated the distinctiveness of gene regulatory networks in CA1 associated with the extinction of contextual fear memory (CFM) after recall using Affymetrix GeneChip Rat Genome 230 2.0 Arrays. These data were compared to previously published retrieval and reconsolidation-attributed, and consolidation datasets. A stringent dual normalization and pareto-scaled orthogonal partial least-square discriminant multivariate analysis together with a jack-knifing-based cross-validation approach was used on all datasets to reduce false positives. Consolidation, retrieval and extinction were correlated with distinct patterns of gene expression 2 hours later. Extinction-related gene expression was most distinct from the profile accompanying consolidation. A highly specific feature was the discrete regulation of neuroimmunological gene expression associated with retrieval and extinction. Immunity–associated genes of the tyrosine kinase receptor TGFβ and PDGF, and TNF families’ characterized extinction. Cytokines and proinflammatory interleukins of the IL-1 and IL-6 families were enriched with the no-extinction retrieval condition. We used comparative genomics to predict transcription factor binding sites in proximal promoter regions of the retrieval-regulated genes. Retrieval that does not lead to extinction was associated with NF-κB-mediated gene expression. We confirmed differential NF-κBp65 expression, and activity in all of a representative sample of our candidate genes in the no-extinction condition. The differential regulation of cytokine networks after the acquisition and retrieval of CFM identifies the important contribution that neuroimmune signalling plays in normal hippocampal function. Further, targeting cytokine signalling upon retrieval offers a therapeutic strategy to promote extinction mechanisms in human disorders characterised by dysregulation of associative memory. PMID:27224427
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Qi, Zhizhen; Zhao, Haihong; Zhang, Qingwen; Bi, Yujing; Ren, Lingling; Zhang, Xuecan; Yang, Hanqing; Yang, Xiaoyan; Wang, Qiong; Li, Cunxiang; Zhou, Jiyuan; Xin, Youquan; Yang, Yonghai; Yang, Huiying; Du, Zongmin; Tan, Yafang; Han, Yanping; Song, Yajun; Zhou, Lei; Zhang, Pingping; Cui, Yujun; Yan, Yanfeng; Zhou, Dongsheng
2012-01-01
Artificially passive immunization has been demonstrated to be effective against Yersinia pestis infection in animals. However, maternal antibodies' protective efficacy against plague has not yet been demonstrated. Here, we evaluated the kinetics, protective efficacy, and transmission modes of maternal antibodies, using mice immunized with plague subunit vaccine SV1 (20 μg of F1 and 10 μg of rV270). The results showed that the rV270- and F1-specific antibodies could be detected in the sera of newborn mice (NM) until 10 and 14 weeks of age, respectively. There was no antibody titer difference between the parturient mice immunized with SV1 (PM-S) and the caesarean-section newborns (CSN) from the PM-S or between the lactating mice immunized by SV1 (LM-S) and the cross-fostered mice (CFM) during 3 weeks of lactation. The NM had a 72% protection against 4,800 CFU Y. pestis strain 141 challenge at 6 weeks of age, whereas at 14 weeks of age, NM all succumbed to 5,700 CFU of Y. pestis challenge. After 7 weeks of age, CFM had an 84% protection against 5,000 CFU of Y. pestis challenge. These results indicated that maternal antibodies induced by the plague subunit vaccine in mother mice can be transferred to NM by both placenta and lactation. Passive antibodies from the immunized mothers could persist for 3 months and provide early protection for NM. The degree of early protection is dependent on levels of the passively acquired antibody. The results indicate that passive immunization should be an effective countermeasure against plague during its epidemics. PMID:22933398
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Evaluation of exhaled nitric oxide in schoolchildren at different exhalation flow rates.
Pedroletti, Christophe; Zetterquist, Wilhelm; Nordvall, Lennart; Alving, Kjell
2002-09-01
Nitric oxide (NO) in exhaled air is believed to reflect allergic inflammation in the airways. Measured levels of exhaled NO vary with the exhaled flow rate, which therefore must be standardized. The aim of this study was to estimate the optimal exhalation flow rate when measuring NO in exhaled air. We studied 15 asthmatic children (8-18 y) with elevated NO levels and 15 age-matched controls and focused on how the quality of the NO curve profile, the discriminatory power, and the reproducibility were influenced by the exhalation flow rate. We used an on-line system for NO measurements at six different exhalation flow rates in the interval of 11-382 mL/s. The fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) was highly flow-dependent as was expected. Intermediate flow rates yielded a flat and stable NO plateau and were considerably easier to interpret than those obtained at the highest and lowest flow rates. The ratio of FENO between asthmatics and controls was lower at higher flow rates and a considerable overlap in NO values was demonstrated at all flow rates except 50 mL/s. The reproducibility was much lower at more extreme flow rates and was best at 50 mL/s. We conclude that a target exhalation flow rate of approximately 50 mL/s is to be preferred using the single-breath method for on-line NO measurements in schoolchildren.
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Milk Flow Rates from bottle nipples used after hospital discharge.
Pados, Britt Frisk; Park, Jinhee; Thoyre, Suzanne M; Estrem, Hayley; Nix, W Brant
To test the milk flow rates and variability in flow rates of bottle nipples used after hospital discharge. Twenty-six nipple types that represented 15 common brands as well as variety in price per nipple and store location sold (e.g., Babies R' Us, Walmart, Dollar Store) were chosen for testing. Ten of each nipple type (n = 260 total) were tested by measuring the amount of infant formula expressed in 1 minute using a breast pump. Mean milk flow rate (mL/min) and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated. Flow rates of nipples within brand were compared statistically. Milk flow rates varied from 1.68 mL/min for the Avent Natural Newborn Flow to 85.34 mL/min for the Dr. Brown's Standard Y-cut. Variability between nipple types also varied widely, from .03 for the Dr. Brown's Standard Level 3 to .37 for MAM Nipple 1 Slow Flow. The extreme range of milk flow rates found may be significant for medically fragile infants being discharged home who are continuing to develop oral feeding skills. The name of the nipple does not provide clear information about the flow rate to guide parents in decision making. Variability in flow rates within nipples of the same type may complicate oral feeding for the medically fragile infant who may not be able to adapt easily to change in flow rates. Both flow rate and variability should be considered when guiding parents to a nipple choice.
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Unstimulated salivary flow rate, pH and buffer capacity of saliva in healthy volunteers.
Fenoll-Palomares, C; Muñoz Montagud, J V; Sanchiz, V; Herreros, B; Hernández, V; Mínguez, M; Benages, A
2004-11-01
To assess the salivary flow rate, pH, and buffer capacity of healthy volunteers, and their relationships with age, gender, obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption, and to establish the lower-end value of normal salivary flow (oligosialia). A prospective study was conducted in 159 healthy volunteers (age > 18 years, absence of medical conditions that could decrease salivary flow). Unstimulated whole saliva was collected during ten minutes, and salivary flow rate (ml/min), pH, and bicarbonate concentration (mmol/l) were measured using a Radiometer ABL 520. The 5 percentile of salivary flow rate and bicarbonate concentration was considered the lower limit of normality. Median salivary flow rate was 0.48 ml/min (range: 0.1-2 ml/min). Age younger than 44 years was associated with higher flow rates (OR 2.10). Compared with women, men presented a higher flow rate (OR 3.19) and buffer capacity (OR 2.81). Bicarbonate concentration correlated with salivary flow rate. The lower-end values of normal flow rate and bicarbonate concentration were 0.15 ml/min and 1.800 mmol/l, respectively. The presence of obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption did not influence salivary parameters. In healthy volunteers, salivary flow rate depends on age and gender, and correlates with buffer capacity. Obesity, smoking, and alcohol use do not influence salivary secretion.
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Semiempirical method of determining flow coefficients for pitot rake mass flow rate measurements
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Trefny, C. J.
1985-01-01
Flow coefficients applicable to area-weighted pitot rake mass flow rate measurements are presented for fully developed, turbulent flow in an annulus. A turbulent velocity profile is generated semiempirically for a given annulus hub-to-tip radius ratio and integrated numerically to determine the ideal mass flow rate. The calculated velocities at each probe location are then summed, and the flow rate as indicated by the rake is obtained. The flow coefficient to be used with the particular rake geometry is subsequently obtained by dividing the ideal flow rate by the rake-indicated flow rate. Flow coefficients ranged from 0.903 for one probe placed at a radius dividing two equal areas to 0.984 for a 10-probe area-weighted rake. Flow coefficients were not a strong function of annulus hub-to-tip radius ratio for rakes with three or more probes. The semiempirical method used to generate the turbulent velocity profiles is described in detail.
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Development of digital flow control system for multi-channel variable-rate sprayers
USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database
Precision modulation of nozzle flow rates is a critical step for variable-rate spray applications in orchards and ornamental nurseries. An automatic flow rate control system activated with microprocessors and pulse width modulation (PWM) controlled solenoid valves was developed to control flow rates...
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Milk flow rates from bottle nipples used after hospital discharge
Pados, Britt Frisk; Park, Jinhee; Thoyre, Suzanne M.; Estrem, Hayley; Nix, W. Brant
2016-01-01
Purpose To test the milk flow rates and variability in flow rates of bottle nipples used after hospital discharge. Study Design and Methods Twenty-six nipple types that represented 15 common brands as well as variety in price per nipple and store location sold (e.g., Babies R’ Us, Walmart, Dollar Store) were chosen for testing. Ten of each nipple type (n=260 total) were tested by measuring the amount of infant formula expressed in one minute using a breast pump. Mean milk flow rate (mL/min) and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated. Flow rates of nipples within brand were compared statistically. Results Milk flow rates varied from 1.68 mL/min for the Avent Natural Newborn Flow to 85.34 mL/min for the Dr. Brown’s Standard Y-cut. Variability between nipple types also varied widely, from .03 for the Dr. Brown’s Standard Level 3 to .37 for MAM Nipple 1 Slow Flow. Clinical Implications The extreme range of milk flow rates found may be significant for medically fragile infants being discharged home who are continuing to develop oral feeding skills. The name of the nipple does not provide clear information about the flow rate to guide parents in decision-making. Variability in flow rates within nipples of the same type may complicate oral feeding for the medically fragile infant who may not be able to adapt easily to change in flow rates. Both flow rate and variability should be considered when guiding parents to a nipple choice. PMID:27008466
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Bhimani, Jai P.; Ouseph, Rosemary; Ward, Richard A.
2010-01-01
Background. Diffusive clearance depends on blood and dialysate flow rates and the overall mass transfer area coefficient (KoA) of the dialyzer. Although KoA should be constant for a given dialyzer, urea KoA has been reported to vary with dialysate flow rate possibly because of improvements in flow distribution. This study examined the dependence of KoA for urea, phosphate and β2-microglobulin on dialysate flow rate in dialyzers containing undulating fibers to promote flow distribution and two different fiber packing densities. Methods. Twelve stable haemodialysis patients underwent dialysis with four different dialyzers, each used with a blood flow rate of 400 mL/min and dialysate flow rates of 350, 500 and 800 mL/min. Clearances of urea, phosphate and β2-microglobulin were measured and KoA values calculated. Results. Clearances of urea and phosphate, but not β2-microglobulin, increased significantly with increasing dialysate flow rate. However, increasing dialysate flow rate had no significant effect on KoA or Ko for any of the three solutes examined, although Ko for urea and phosphate increased significantly as the average flow velocity in the dialysate compartment increased. Conclusions. For dialyzers with features that promote good dialysate flow distribution, increasing dialysate flow rate beyond 600 mL/min at a blood flow rate of 400 mL/min is likely to have only a modest impact on dialyzer performance, limited to the theoretical increase predicted for a constant KoA. PMID:20543211
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Study of gas-liquid flow in model porous media for heterogeneous catalysis
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Francois, Marie; Bodiguel, Hugues; Guillot, Pierre; Laboratory of the Future Team
2015-11-01
Heterogeneous catalysis of chemical reactions involving a gas and a liquid phase is usually achieved in fixed bed reactors. Four hydrodynamic regimes have been observed. They depend on the total flow rate and the ratio between liquid and gas flow rate. Flow properties in these regimes influence transfer rates. Rather few attempts to access local characterization have been proposed yet, though these seem to be necessary to better describe the physical mechanisms involved. In this work, we propose to mimic slices of reactor by using two-dimensional porous media. We have developed a two-dimensional system that is transparent to allow the direct observation of the flow and the phase distribution. While varying the total flow rate and the gas/liquid flow rate ratio, we observe two hydrodynamic regimes: at low flow rate, the gaseous phase is continuous (trickle flow), while it is discontinuous at higher flow rate (pulsed flow). Thanks to some image analysis techniques, we are able to quantify the local apparent liquid saturation in the system. Its fluctuations in time are characteristic of the transition between the two regimes: at low liquid flow rates, they are negligible since the liquid/gas interface is fixed, whereas at higher flow rates we observe an alternation between liquid and gas. This transition between trickle to pulsed flow is in relative good agreement with the existing state of art. However, we report in the pulsed regime important flow heterogeneities at the scale of a few pores. These heterogeneities are likely to have a strong influence on mass transfers. We acknowledge the support of Solvay.
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Supplemental Fingerprint Card Data (SFCD) for NIST Special Database 9
National Institute of Standards and Technology Data Gateway
Supplemental Fingerprint Card Data (SFCD) for NIST Special Database 9 (Web, free access) NIST Special Database 10 (Supplemental Fingerprint Card Data for Special Database 9 - 8-Bit Gray Scale Images) provides a larger sample of fingerprint patterns that have a low natural frequency of occurrence and transitional fingerprint classes in NIST Special Database 9. The software is the same code used with NIST Special Database 4 and 9. A newer version of the compression/decompression software on the CDROM can be found at the website http://www.nist.gov/itl/iad/ig/nigos.cfm as part of the NBIS package.
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Potential Follow on Experiments for the Zero Boil Off Tank Experiment
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Chato, David; Kassemi, Mohammad
2014-01-01
Cryogenic Storage &Transfer are enabling propulsion technologies in the direct path of nearly all future human or robotic missions; It is identified by NASA as an area with greatest potential for cost saving; This proposal aims at resolving fundamental scientific issues behind the engineering development of the storage tanks; We propose to use the ISS lab to generate & collect archival scientific data:, raise our current state-of-the-art understanding of transport and phase change issues affecting the storage tank cryogenic fluid management (CFM), develop and validate state-of-the-art CFD models to innovate, optimize, and advance the future engineering designs