Hyperspectral face recognition with spatiospectral information fusion and PLS regression.

PubMed

Uzair, Muhammad; Mahmood, Arif; Mian, Ajmal

2015-03-01

Hyperspectral imaging offers new opportunities for face recognition via improved discrimination along the spectral dimension. However, it poses new challenges, including low signal-to-noise ratio, interband misalignment, and high data dimensionality. Due to these challenges, the literature on hyperspectral face recognition is not only sparse but is limited to ad hoc dimensionality reduction techniques and lacks comprehensive evaluation. We propose a hyperspectral face recognition algorithm using a spatiospectral covariance for band fusion and partial least square regression for classification. Moreover, we extend 13 existing face recognition techniques, for the first time, to perform hyperspectral face recognition.We formulate hyperspectral face recognition as an image-set classification problem and evaluate the performance of seven state-of-the-art image-set classification techniques. We also test six state-of-the-art grayscale and RGB (color) face recognition algorithms after applying fusion techniques on hyperspectral images. Comparison with the 13 extended and five existing hyperspectral face recognition techniques on three standard data sets show that the proposed algorithm outperforms all by a significant margin. Finally, we perform band selection experiments to find the most discriminative bands in the visible and near infrared response spectrum.

Identifying best practices for managing operating costs for rural and small urban transportation systems: technical report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-08-01

Rural and small urban transit providers across the United States face fiscal challenges caused by the growing : gap between the cost of providing transit service and available federal, state, and local funding. In Texas, the : fiscal challenges facin...

Using Calamity to Drive College Policy: President William Beardshear, Iowa State College, and the Challenge of Enrollment Growth, 1891-1902

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Biggs, Douglas

2016-01-01

The six Land Grant colleges and universities across the upper Midwest (Wisconsin, Minnesota, Nebraska, North Dakota State, South Dakota State, and Iowa State) all faced unprecedented challenges in the 1890s. The economic depression brought on by the Panic of 1893 saw budget cutbacks and lean times, but the "McKinley Prosperity," combined…

Kansas rail feasibility study

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-03-01

Intercity passenger transportation in Kansas, as in other Midwest states, is facing enormous : challenges resulting from rapidly changing market forces. These challenges include the : increasing environmental and capital costs of investment in highwa...

International Students in Western Developed Countries: History, Challenges, and Prospects

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Akanwa, Emmanuel E.

2015-01-01

Many scholars have described the various challenges international students face in Western developed countries including the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia. Some of the challenges include differences in culture, language barriers, adjustment problems, medical concerns, pedagogical challenges, housing issues, lack of support…

Teacher Recruitment and Retention: A Study of Why Teachers Stay in a Suburban School District in the Southeastern United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williams, Fabby Terry

2017-01-01

One of the major challenges currently facing public school systems and administrators around the country is the shortage of certified teachers in classrooms. In addition, when school systems are able to find and hire properly certified teachers, school administrators face an even greater challenge in terms of keeping or retaining them. In the…

Setting Clear Learning Targets to Guide Instruction for All Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Konrad, Moira; Keesey, Susan; Ressa, Virginia A.; Alexeeff, Maggie; Chan, Paula E.; Peters, Mary T.

2014-01-01

As more states adopt the Common Core State Standards, teachers face new challenges. Teachers must unpack these standards and develop explicit learning targets to make these rigorous standards accessible to their students. This task can be especially challenging for special educators who must balance standards-based education with individualized…

Challenges Facing Chinese International Students Studying in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ching, Yuerong; Renes, Susan L.; McMurrow, Samantha; Simpson, Joni; Strange, Anthony T.

2017-01-01

Chinese international students often find it challenging to adjust to attending college in the United States (US). There is limited research addressing Chinese international college students' adjustment in the US. Drawing on what literature exists combined with research addressing Chinese immigrants' transition and international students'…

Reforming a Breadwinner Welfare State: Gender, Race, Class, and Social Security Reform

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herd, Pamela

2005-01-01

A key challenge facing western welfare states is that they offset income risks faced by those in breadwinner families. Social Security is an excellent example. It best protects individuals with lengthy work histories or individuals who get married, stay married, and are never employed. Most women fit neither model. Thus, I analyze…

An Exploratory Study of Distinguishing Challenges Faced by Mid-Life Teacher Candidates

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tanksley, James F.

2012-01-01

The United States public education system is facing a possible shortage of several hundred thousand teachers over the next decade. To overcome the projected shortfall in teacher supply, schools of education of state university and college systems may need to look to the fastest growing segment of the college student population, the non-traditional…

Education First: Building America's Future. The Fifth Annual State of American Education Speech, Seattle, Washington.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Riley, Richard W.

Public education in the United States faces many challenges. Ways in which districts are meeting these challenges are discussed in this State of American Education speech given by U.S. Secretary of Education Richard W. Riley. After providing an overview of American education, with mention of reading scores, drug use, the Hispanic dropout rate,…

An Examination of Socio-Demographic Factors and Their Influence on Health Behaviors among International Students in the Texas State University System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Msengi, Clementine Mukeshimana

2012-01-01

The number of international students attending higher education in the United States continues to grow (McLachlan & Justice, 2009). International students face several challenges while studying in the United States, some of which are health challenges (Zysberg, 2005). The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of various…

Challenges for Teachers of Religious Education in Catholic and State Schools in Poland: A Comparative Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Makosa, Pawel

2016-01-01

The present work aims at presenting and comparing challenges faced by religion teachers in Catholic and state schools in Poland. For that purpose, 10 religion teachers from Catholic and 10 from state high schools were interviewed. First of all, the concept of teaching religion was discussed, followed by an analysis of the Catholic schools'…

Montana air service : opportunities and challenges.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-02-01

"This report analyzes the challenges facing Montanas commercial service airports and outlines the opportunities : for air service and air cargo development. There are 15 commercial service airports in the state. Before : opportunities could be rec...

Aligning Postsecondary Education with Regional Workforce Needs: A Tale of Two States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barkanic, Stephen

2016-01-01

The United States faces a pressing national security and competitiveness challenge rooted in a shortage of a diverse, highly skilled workforce, particularly in vital cross-disciplinary fields such as data science and analytics, cybersecurity, and information technology. To address this challenge, Business-Higher Education Forum (BHEF) launched the…

Increasing Accountability for Teacher Preparation Programs. Challenge to Lead

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jackson, Jenny, Comp.

2006-01-01

Southern Regional Education Board (SREB) states face new challenges as they adapt to the requirements of the federal No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. This report reviews SREB states' progress in strengthening their accountability systems to ensure that their teacher preparation programs are producing quality teachers. This report identifies what…

Progress and Challenges in Developing Tiered Quality Rating and Improvement Systems (TQRIS) in the Round 1 Race to the Top-Early Learning Challenge (RTT-ELC) States. NCEE 2018-4003

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kirby, Gretchen; Caronongan, Pia; Esposito, Andrea Mraz; Murphy, Lauren; Shoji, Megan; Del Grosso, Patricia; Kiambuthi, Wamaitha; Clark, Melissa; Dragoset, Lisa

2017-01-01

This report focuses on the progress made and challenges faced by the nine states in achieving the first three objectives for which they were held accountable for use of their Race to the Top Early Learning Challenge (RTTELC) funds. It discusses discrete findings related to these objectives in relevant chapters of the report: Tiered Quality Rating…

Becoming a nurse faculty leader: facing challenges through reflecting, persevering and relating in new ways.

PubMed

Horton-Deutsch, Sara; Young, Patricia K; Nelson, Kristine A

2010-05-01

The aim of the present study was to explore the experience of becoming a nurse faculty leader. In a recent interpretation of 23 interviews conducted with nurse faculty leaders from across the United States about their experiences of becoming a leader three themes were identified: being thrust into leadership, taking risks and facing challenges. This interpretive phenomenological study further explicates three aspects of how nurse educators faced challenges in becoming and serving as a leader. Facing challenges meant reflecting, persevering through difficulties and learning to relate to others in new ways. Exemplars of participant experiences are provided for concreteness, to assist readers in determining how findings resonate with their own experience and how they can actualize this resonance in their own leadership practice. In the present study, reflecting, persevering through difficulties and learning to relate with others in a new way was how leaders faced challenges. Leadership development opportunities that facilitate self-exploration, caring and thoughtful interactions with others and values clarification serve as the foundation for becoming a nurse faculty leader who is, in turn, able to build leadership capacity in other individuals and organizations.

California's privacy pileup. New state laws meet even newer federal regulations.

PubMed

Dimick, Chris

2009-08-01

In California, teasing apart state and federal breach notification laws highlights the challenges organizations everywhere face in determining their responsibilities under ARRA's new privacy regulations.

Metropolitan planning organizations and transportation planning for megaregions

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-12-01

Planning transportation across jurisdictions is a challenge faced in geographic areas throughout the U.S. Researchers identify megaregions as the sub-set of major regions, often multi-state, with the most significant transportation challenges, opport...

Debt capacity and debt limits : a state road fund perspective.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-06-01

State governments are facing major transportation infrastructure financing challenges as highway or Road Fund revenue growth has slowed and resistance to tax increases has strengthened. As a result, state transportation officials have turned to other...

Assessment of Issues Facing Immigrant and Refugee Families

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Segal, Uma A.; Mayadas, Nazneen S.

2005-01-01

This article identifies the different problems immigrants and refugees face in the United States, especially socioeconomic and psychosocial concerns that often relate to the experience of migration. Traditional familial roles and responsibilities are frequently challenged, exacerbated by sociocultural differences and inadequate understandings…

State DOT mission evolution.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-04-01

This paper highlights the challenges faced by six state departments of transportation (California, Colorado, Florida, Massachusetts, Missouri, Oregon) and the views of their respective chief executive officers within the context of national trends. E...

The State of Development Education in Spain: Initiatives, Trends and Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Calvo, Adelina

2017-01-01

In this paper I analyse the state of development education (DE) in Spain, considering the specific context of the country, its history and the challenges it currently faces. I provide a review of the overall policy framework, highlighting the Spanish Cooperation Strategy on DE as a significant turning point in the consolidation of DE. Theoretical…

A Global Environmental Agenda for the United States: Issues for the New U.S. Administration.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kennedy, Donald; Sant, Roger W.

2000-01-01

The new presidential administration faces an array of urgent challenges. Complex public policy choices are necessary to address the near-term challenges of climate change and resource degradation which will help the United States deal with the chronic problems of global inequity and human deprivation. Outlines the environmental problems…

Educational Elements of a Comprehensive State Policy on Aging.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New York State Education Dept., Albany. Office for Policy Analysis.

The aging of New York State's population poses both a challenge and an opportunity for the major institutions of society. The challenge facing educators is to develop a comprehensive strategy to mobilize the capacity of the educational system to address the multiple needs of an aging population in the context of existing social and economic…

Challenges Faced by Korean Transnational Students in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jung, Adrian; Nam, Sang; Han, Shini

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study was to help parents, educators, and policymakers understand how to help transnational children adjust to their psychological challenges at school in the United States. A total of 109 Korean transnational adolescents aged 11 to 19 participated in this study. They had been staying in the country alone or with one of their…

Big data : opportunities and challenges in asset management : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-08-01

State Departments of Transportation and other transportation agencies collect vast quantities of data but managing, accessing and sharing data has been problematic and well documented. This project reviewed the similar challenges faced by other indus...

Give in or Get out? Responding to Professional Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Young, Robert B.

2011-01-01

In this chapter, the author offers some themes that emerged from a set of conversations that he had with six student affairs leaders. The leaders faced an array of challenges involving athletics, academic discipline, cultural identity, institutional image, personal attributes, policy, residence life, and state politics. Their challengers were…

Challenges in the management of community pharmacies in Malaysia

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

Background: The provision of professional pharmacy services by community pharmacists continues to be limited, particularly in low and middle income countries. It was postulated that multiple management challenges faced by community pharmacists contribute to this situation. Objective: The primary aim of the research was to determine the challenges faced in the management of community pharmacies in Sarawak (the largest state in Malaysia), and practical strategies to cope and overcome the challenges. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were carried out with community pharmacists practising in Sarawak. Purposive and snowball sampling were employed to ensure a diverse group of informants. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim, with the resultant data analysed using thematic analysis. Data collection, coding, interpretation were carried out iteratively until theoretical saturation. Results: Twenty respondents from different demographic characteristics were recruited. Six major themes were identified. Management challenges faced by community pharmacists traverse five major domains: market competition, legislative issues, customers’ knowledge and expectations, macroeconomic impacts and operational challenges. Most of these challenges require government intervention to be resolved. In the meantime, improving customer service and expanding the range of professional services were seen as the most viable strategies to cope with existing challenges. The main concern is that current legislative and economic landscape may hinder these strategies. Enactment of dispensing separation and more protective measures against market competition were suggested to alleviate the challenges faced. Conclusion: Numerous management challenges faced by community pharmacists that distract them from delivering professional pharmacy services have been highlighted. Urgent affirmative actions by the government are warranted in supporting community pharmacists to realise and maximise their potentials. PMID:28690697

Coordinated Transformation among Community Colleges Lacking a State System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Russell, James Thad

2016-01-01

Community colleges face many challenges in the face of demands for increased student success. Institutions continually seek scalable interventions and initiatives focused on improving student achievement. Effectively implementing sustainable change that moves the needle of student success remains elusive. Facilitating systemic, scalable change…

Examining the effects of transportation governance on infrastructure adaptation to climate change.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-05-01

Transportation agencies across the United States are faced with the challenge of effectively : adapting infrastructure to withstand the predicted effects of climate change. This challenge is : magnified by a nationwide funding shortage, uncertainty a...

Leading Change for the Implementation of Common Core State Standards in Rural School Districts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lopez, Paul; Wise, Donald

2015-01-01

Rural school districts across the nation, with their limited resources, face daunting challenges posed by the implementation of the Common Core State Standards. This article presents a recent study of 13 rural school districts in the Central Valley of California and how these districts are responding to those challenges. A total of 352 teachers…

Suburban wildlife: Lessons, challenges, and opportunities

USGS Publications Warehouse

DeStefano, S.; Deblinger, R.D.; Miller, C.

2005-01-01

The United States, as well as most developed and many developing nations worldwide, is becoming increasingly urban and suburban.Although urban, suburban, and commercial development account for less than one percent to just over 20% of land use among states, 50-90% of the residents of those states can be classified as urban or suburban dwellers. The population of the U.S. as a whole has risen from being > 95% rural in the 1790s to about 80% urban-suburban today. With these changes in land use and demographic patterns come changes in values and attitudes; many urbanites and suburbanites view wildlife and nature differently than rural residents. These are among the challenges faced by wildlife biologists and natural resource managers in a rapidly urbanizing world. In 2003, we convened a symposium to discuss issues related to suburban wildlife. The papers presented in this special issue of Urban Ecosystems address the lessons learned from the early and recently rapidly expanding literature, the challenges we face today, and the opportunities that can help deal with what is one of the biggest challenges to conservation in a modernizing world. ?? 2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc.

Development challenges of secondary and small airports in California [research brief].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-06-01

This report investigates the challenges facing secondary and small airports in California. Low-cost carriers (LCC) have slowly risen to become the dominant air service providers in the state. Their dominance and their unique business model have signi...

Helping the Angels

PubMed Central

Mangewala, Vikas; Baron, Richard

2013-01-01

According to the World Health Organization, 53,000 children die every year in United States because of a chronic medical condition. Physicians have to face various ethical and psychological challenges while managing these conditions. These challenges range from disclosure of diagnosis to effective grief counseling to the family. In this article we have discussed some of these challenges and strategies to effectively meet these challenges. PMID:23630648

Challenges, Realities, Strategies: The Master Plan for Florida Postsecondary Education for the 21st Century.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida State Postsecondary Education Planning Commission, Tallahassee.

A new master plan for higher education in Florida is presented which focuses on the central challenges facing the state and its higher education institutions. The following sections address three key challenges and suggest strategies to help policymakers and governing boards promote positive change. The section on the challenge of improved use of…

Cross-cultural healthcare challenges: an insight into small American community hospitals.

PubMed

Kothari, M P; Kothari, V

1997-01-01

The healthcare industry in the United States is faced with many strategic challenges, because of the nation's growing culturally diverse population. Growing cultural diversity now calls for better trained medical staff that is capable of handling language, religious and cultural differences. In the rural communities, where cultural diversity is rapidly becoming a demographic fact, small hospitals with limited resources are especially confronted with medical challenges for which they seem to be least prepared. Based on an exploratory research that includes a study of small town hospitals, this paper provides insights into cross-cultural problems facing healthcare professionals in small communities. The paper highlights also the ways in which hospitals are responding to such challenges.

Challenges to Native American health care.

PubMed

Noren, J; Kindig, D; Sprenger, A

1998-01-01

Native American health care programs face complex and unprecedented challenges resulting from the increased assumption of clinical operations by tribal authorities, shortfalls in Federal funding, modifications in state and Federal health and welfare programs, and intensifying involvement with managed care organizations. These challenges are further complicated by service populations that are increasing at a faster rate than the growth in funding. The authors conducted onsite surveys of 39 Native American health programs in 10 states in order to assess the organizational and management problems they faced. The trend toward transfer of health programs from the Indian Health Service to tribal operation seems likely to continue and accelerate. The survey results indicate that in order for programs to be effective in the long run, they will need to be guided by skilled managers able to adapt to these powerful changes in the health care environment.

Safety and Stability for Foster Children: A Developmental Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harden, Brenda Jones

2004-01-01

Children in foster care face a challenging journey through childhood. In addition to the troubling family circumstances that bring them into state care, they face additional difficulties within the child welfare system that may further compromise their healthy development. This article discusses the importance of safety and stability to healthy…

Re-Seeing Our Professional Face(s).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Okawa, Gail Y.

1998-01-01

Argues that English teaching in the United States suffers from a monocultural teaching force, even as student bodies become increasingly diverse. Tells how one teacher of color came to literacy and later to teaching, often against challenging odds. Argues that English teachers should examine their assumptions about "potential" and about what…

Degree Production and Cost Trends: A National Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

State Higher Education Executive Officers, 2010

2010-01-01

The international imperative for postsecondary education is growing, and the push for state and national action is acute. To remain globally competitive, the United States must expedite efforts to further develop a well educated citizenry. Each state faces its own set of demographic and economic challenges. States and institutions operate in…

Proceedings of a USGS Workshop on Facing Tomorrow's Challenges Along the U.S.-Mexico Border - Monitoring, Modeling, and Forecasting Change Within the Arizona-Sonora Transboundary Watersheds

USGS Publications Warehouse

Norman, Laura M.; Hirsch, Derrick D.; Ward, A. Wesley

2008-01-01

INTRODUCTION TO THE WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS Competition for water resources, habitats, and urban areas in the Borderlands has become an international concern. In the United States, Department of Interior Bureaus, Native American Tribes, and other State and Federal partners rely on the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to provide unbiased science and leadership in the Borderlands region. Consequently, the USGS hosted a workshop, ?Facing Tomorrow?s Challenges along the U.S.-Mexico Border,? on March 20?22, 2007, in Tucson, Ariz., focused specifically on monitoring, modeling, and forecasting change within the Arizona-Sonora Transboundary Watersheds

Community development : local growth issues : federal opportunities and challenges

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-09-06

Faced with a projected 50-percent increase in the U.S. population in the next 50 years, communities across the nation must address the challenges of planning for and managing growth. State and local governments are balancing the need for sustainable ...

School Psychologists and Ethical Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kapoulitsas, Maryanne; Corcoran, Tim

2017-01-01

This research explored how psychologists working in the Victorian secondary state school system construct meaning around ethical practice. The specific aims of the research were to examine psychologists understanding of ethics in practice within schools and to explore challenges they faced regarding professional ethics when working in the…

Popcorn and a Movie--Opening Diversity Conversations across the State

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ingram, Patreese D.

2013-01-01

Building the cultural competencies of Extension educators to work effectively with increasingly diverse audiences has become an important goal and a timely focus for professional development. Yet reduced budgets and reductions in staff are challenging the ability to provide professional development in the traditional face-to-face delivery method.…

A Rural County Journeys to the Common Core

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ceballos, Pansy T.

2012-01-01

Small, rural school districts face a special challenge when implementing the next generation of academic standards known as the Common Core State Standards. This is the task facing the instructional consultants with the Tulare County Office of Education. The county, located in central California with its dominant agricultural economy, has 45…

Top Strategic Issues Facing HBCUs, Now and into the Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hodge-Clark, Kristen; Daniels, Brandon D.

2014-01-01

Created in a time of segregation and discrimination to educate students of color, Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) have played a pivotal role in transforming the landscape of higher education in the United States. Today, in an era of rapid transformation, HBCUs face historic challenges as well as new obstacles. Questions about…

A Letter to Our next President

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ladson-Billings, Gloria

2008-01-01

The next president of the United States faces monumental challenges in the areas of national defense, the economy, and health care. However, one daunting domestic issue the nation must face is the continued educational inequity that exists between children of color and their white counterparts in our schools. This article looks at four facets of…

Partisan Differences on Higher Education Accountability Policy: A Multi-State Study of Elected State Legislators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morse, Andrew Q.

2014-01-01

Public institutions in the United States face a policy challenge to adapt to accountability expectations among a variety of stakeholders (Bogue & Hall, 2012; Thelin, 2004; Richardson & Martinez, 2009). Among the major stakeholders are state legislators who hold fiscal and policy influence over public institutions, but these leaders have…

Science Education in Arab States: Bright Future or Status Quo?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dagher, Zoubeida R.; BouJaoude, Saouma

2011-01-01

This paper describes the current state of science education in Arab states and anticipates some of the challenges faced by those states as they reform their science education. After discussing problems of illiteracy, access and quality we provide contextual information about the structure of the educational systems and describe recent efforts to…

Role of comparative effectiveness research in cancer funding decisions in Ontario, Canada.

PubMed

Hoch, Jeffrey S; Hodgson, David C; Earle, Craig C

2012-12-01

Recently, the evidence-based drug funding process in Ontario, Canada, was challenged by a young mother with a breast tumor too small, based on the evidence that existed at the time, to qualify for an expensive drug. In reality, this is only the latest in a number of challenges the publicly funded health care system has had to deal with in the face of an evolving drug policy landscape. This article defines comparative effectiveness research (CER), considering how it is viewed differently in the United States and Canada. It also reviews the role CER now plays in the Ontario drug funding process and concludes with a review of the challenges and opportunities of using observational data to conduct CER and incorporate it into policy making within a universal health care system. Many of the issues faced by Ontario are relevant beyond Canada, including in the United States during this period of health care reform.

LETTER TO EDITOR REGARDING "ARSENIC CHALLENGES FOR WATER UTILITIES"

EPA Science Inventory

The two part series on "Arsenic Challenges for Water Utilities" have provided useful information for the many small water utilities faced with arsenic problems. Part II states that treatment options fall into six major categories and then proceeds to provide a short summary on e...

Community development : local growth issues--federal opportunities and challenges : report to Congressional requesters

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-09-01

Faced with a projected 50-percent increase in the U.S. population in the next 50 years, communities across the nation must address the challenges of planning for and managing growth. State and local governments are balancing the need for sustainable ...

Challenges Facing Community Colleges: Perceptions of Chief Academic Officers in Nine States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cejda, Brent D.; Leist, Jay

2006-01-01

Recent economic events and constantly-shifting priorities continue to challenge the traditional hallmarks of community colleges: responsiveness, adaptability, and flexibility. Institutional leaders are increasingly questioning whether the comprehensive community college model and, more importantly, open access, are still sustainable in today's…

Government Certification and Accreditation: Make a Choice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miles, Tracy L.

2009-01-01

One of the most significant challenges faced by government officials today is securing information systems to make them more resilient to attack from increasingly complex challenges from cyber-criminals, state-sponsored groups, and other threats. Over the years, the federal government has developed and implemented Certification and Accreditation…

Behind the scenes of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act: the making of a health care co-op.

PubMed

Giaimo, Susan

2013-06-01

A primary goal of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) is to reduce the number of uninsured by making health insurance more affordable for small businesses and individuals. Toward that end, the PPACA encourages the creation of nonprofit, member-owned health insurance cooperatives to operate inside each state exchange. Co-ops face significant challenges in entering mature insurance markets, but they also possess unique characteristics that may help them survive and thrive. Using Common Ground Healthcare Cooperative in Wisconsin as a case study, this article traces the origins of co-ops in health care reform at national and state levels and analyzes the political and technical challenges and opportunities facing these organizations.

Communication Challenges and Strategies of U.S. Health Professionals Caring for Seriously Ill South Asian Patients and Their Families.

PubMed

Khosla, Nidhi; Washington, Karla T; Shaunfield, Sara; Aslakson, Rebecca

2017-06-01

While effective communication is important in the care of seriously ill patients, little is known about communication challenges faced by healthcare providers serving U.S. patients of South Asian origin, one of the fastest growing demographic groups in the United States. Researchers sought to examine communication challenges faced by healthcare providers serving seriously ill South Asian patients and their families and present strategies recommended by providers for effective communication. Researchers conducted a thematic analysis of qualitative data obtained through focus groups and individual interviews with 57 healthcare providers, including physicians, social workers, nurses, chaplains, and others drawn from different healthcare settings in one Midwestern city. While acknowledging the considerable diversity within the U.S. South Asian community, participants discussed three types of communication challenges they often encounter when serving this population: ensuring effective interpretation, identifying a spokesperson, and challenges posed by different cultural norms. Participants shared strategies to address these challenges such as proactively inquiring about patients' and families' preferences and encouraging early appointment of a spokesperson. While providers should avoid stereotyping patients, an awareness of common challenges and adoption of recommended strategies to address these challenges may enhance the provision of culturally responsive person-centered services for seriously ill South Asian patients and their families receiving care in the United States.

Challenges Students' Face in Their Transition from Primary to Secondary School and the Interventions Schools Take to Ease the Transition

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tarekegne, Wudu Melese

2015-01-01

This study explores the major challenges that affect students' enrollment and participation and the key measures schools take to mitigate the challenge and help students continue their education. The data were collected from 23 secondary school grade nine students in Amahara Regional State in Ethiopia using the structured questionnaires from…

Evaluation of a nationally funded state-based programme to reduce fatal occupational injuries

PubMed Central

Menendez, Cammie Chaumont; Castillo, Dawn; Rosenman, Kenneth; Harrison, Robert; Hendricks, Scott

2015-01-01

Background The Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation (FACE) programme was established by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health to help prevent occupational traumatic fatalities by funding states to conduct targeted fatality investigations within cause-specific focus areas and associated prevention efforts. Purpose To investigate the impact of the state-based FACE programme on two previous focus areas. Methods A longitudinal time-series analysis spanning 22 years compared state fatality rates for occupational falls and electrocutions before and after FACE programme funding with states not receiving FACE programme funding. Lag periods were utilised to allow time for the programme to have an effect, and rates were adjusted for a variety of covariates. Separate analyses were conducted for each injury outcome. Results A reduction in fall fatality rates that was of borderline significance (1-year lag adjRR=0.92 (0.84 to 1.00)) and a non-significant reduction in electrocution fatality rates (3-year lag adjRR=0.92 (0.82 to 1.03)) were observed in states with FACE programme funding, Best-fit models presented two separate lag periods. Conclusions While it is challenging to quantitatively evaluate effectiveness of programmes such as FACE, the data suggest the FACE programme may be effective in preventing occupational injury deaths within its outcome focus areas throughout the state. It is important to look for ways to measure intermediate effects more precisely, as well as ways to maintain effects over time. PMID:22864251

Access to Attainment: An Access Agenda for 21st Century College Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Abby; Valle, Katherine; Engle, Jennifer; Cooper, Michelle

2014-01-01

This report, "Access to Attainment: An Access Agenda for 21st Century College Students," examines the challenges facing 21st century students and presents strategies for addressing these challenges through policy-and practice-based solutions at the institutional, state and national levels. Recommendations include implementing a…

Success in challenging time: Important lessons learned from the US beekeeping industry

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The United States plays a leadership role in the global beekeeping and honey industries. This article summarizes the roles of honey bees in agriculture and the key challenges facing the US beekeeping industry as well as innovative solutions to existing problems. The article also provides a review ...

School Leadership and Technology Challenges: Lessons from a New American High School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peck, Craig; Mullen, Carol A.; Lashley, Carl; Eldridge, John A.

2011-01-01

In this evidence-based practice article the authors investigate the challenges that leaders (administrators, staff, and teachers) face in high schools where personnel navigate technology reform. We studied an American comprehensive high school within a large school district in southeastern United States. School administrators and teachers faced…

Online Credit Recovery: Benefits and Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pettyjohn, Teri; LaFrance, Jason

2014-01-01

School leaders are faced with selecting programs to support at-risk students in high schools across the United States. Increasingly, supplemental online learning is being selected as an innovative way to assist these students. The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand stakeholders' perceptions of the benefits and challenges of high…

Female Faculty: Challenges and Choices in the United States and Beyond

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Samble, Jennifer N.

2008-01-01

Substantial amounts of research and data detail the challenges female faculty face in the academy. These include unequal pay for similarly situated individuals, disparities between female representation within the professoriate and student population, and perceptions and accepted modes of behavior that have the effect of disenfranchising women as…

The Texas Public Education Challenge. Policy Brief No. 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Center for Public Policy Priorities, 2006

2006-01-01

This is the first in a trilogy of policy briefs discussing public education and taxes. This brief discusses the challenge facing Texas in funding public education. This brief also explains why the Texas Supreme Court's recent decision in "West Orange-Cove II" requires increased state appropriations for public education.

Three Contemporary Dilemmas for Rural Superintendents

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howley, Aimee; Howley, Craig B.; Rhodes, Megan Eliason; Yahn, Jacqueline J.

2014-01-01

The school district is the fundamental administrative unit of schooling in the United States and the superintendent the lead official. The nature and the challenges of this position, however, vary across the landscape. Because most superintendents lead rural districts, the challenges facing those districts are the ones that typically bedevil the…

Year 3 of Implementing the Common Core State Standards: Transitioning to CCSS-Aligned Curriculum and Assessments for Students with Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Frizzell, Matthew

2013-01-01

This report, based on a spring 2013 survey of state education agency officials in Common Core-adopting states, focuses on state efforts to prepare students with disabilities for the Common Core State Standards. The report also addresses the challenges states face with supporting teachers of students with disabilities and state plans for assessing…

The Making of the Principal: Five Lessons in Leadership Training. Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mitgang, Lee

2012-01-01

States and districts facing pressure to have all children meet high standards have been paying overdue attention to improving school leadership as a way to advance instruction and drive needed changes throughout schools. What will it take to ensure that "all" public schools have leaders equal to the challenges facing them? That question has placed…

Campus Commons? What Faculty, Financial Officers and Others Think About Controlling College Costs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Immerwahr, John; Johnson, Jean; Gasbarra, Paul

2009-01-01

There is emerging consensus that the United States faces major higher education challenges, including: (1) America's fall from first to tenth place internationally in the percentage of the population with higher education degrees at a time when the country faces increased global economic competition in a knowledge-intensive economy; (2) Education…

The Student Homelessness Crisis and the Role of School Psychology: Missed Opportunities, Room for Improvement, and Future Directions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sulkowski, Michael L.

2016-01-01

Affecting more than 1 million youth, student homelessness is growing at an unprecedented rate in the United States. This is alarming because homeless students face significant barriers to their academic success and positive life outcomes. Unfortunately, despite the significant risks and challenges they face, homeless students often are overlooked…

Utilizing Online Education in Florida to Meet Mandated Class Size Limitations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mattox, Kari Ann

2012-01-01

With the passage of a state constitutional amendment in 2002, Florida school districts faced the challenge of meeting class size mandates in core subjects, such as mathematics, English, and science by the 2010-2011 school year, or face financial penalties. Underpinning the amendment's goals was the argument that smaller classes are more effective…

Strategies for Accommodating Extension Clients Who Face Language, Vision, or Hearing Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Angima, Sam; Etuk, Lena; Maddy, Deborah

2016-01-01

Extension services nationwide seek to equalize access to university resources for all learners. In this article, we focus on accommodation as a tool of our trade. We discuss findings and implications from a study that documented approaches used by one state's Extension professionals to accommodate clients who face language, vision, or hearing…

Language and Cultural Challenges Facing Business Faculty in the Ever-Expanding Global Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vogel, Glen M.

2013-01-01

More than 690,000 foreign students studied in the United States during the 2009-10 academic year. As non-native English-speaking students continue to pour into American educational institutions, one question many educators have is: are these international students adequately prepared for the language and cultural demands they will face when they…

Assessing Capacity to Promote Science-Based Programs: A Key Informant Study of State Teen Pregnancy Prevention Organizations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saunders, Edward; Sabri, Bushra; Huberman, Barbara; Klaus, T. W.; Davis, Laura

2011-01-01

The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify significant external and internal challenges that state organization leaders face in promoting science-based teen pregnancy prevention programs within their states. The state organization administrators were chosen because their organizations were funded by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control…

Preservation of Community College Logic: Organizational Responses to State Policies and Funding Practices in Three States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levin, John S.; Martin, Marie C.; López Damián, Ariadna Isabel; Hoggatt, Michael J.

2018-01-01

Objective: With both policy pressures from state governments, including states' funding behaviors, and the logic of the institution deeply ingrained over decades, community colleges face considerable challenge in reconciling conflicting values and requirements. Yet, as organizations they adapt to survive, and outcomes of adaptation may lead to an…

Policy challenges and reforms in small EU member state health systems: a narrative literature review.

PubMed

Azzopardi-Muscat, Natasha; Funk, Tjede; Buttigieg, Sandra C; Grech, Kenneth E; Brand, Helmut

2016-12-01

The EU directive on patients' rights and cross-border care is of particular interest to small states as it reinforces the concept of health system cooperation. An analysis of the challenges faced by small states, as well as a deep evaluation of their health system reform characteristics is timely and justified. This paper identifies areas in which EU level cooperation may bring added value to these countries' health systems. Literature search is based primarily on PUBMED and is limited to English-language papers published between January 2000 and September 2014. Results of 76 original research papers appearing in peer-reviewed journals are summarised in a literature map and narrative review. Primary care, health workforce and medicines emerge as the salient themes in the review. Lack of capacity and small market size are found to be the frequently encountered challenges in governance and delivery of services. These constraints appear to also impinge on the ability of small states to effectively implement health system reforms. The EU appears to play a marginal role in supporting small state health systems, albeit the stimulus for reform associated with EU accession. Small states face common health system challenges which could potentially be addressed through enhanced health system cooperation at EU level. The lessons learned from research on small states may be of relevance to health systems organized at regional level in larger European states. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

Ohio High School Biology Teachers' Views of State Standard for Evolution: Impacts on Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Borgerding, Lisa A.

2012-01-01

High school biology teachers face many challenges as they teach evolution. State standards for evolution may provide support for sound evolution instruction. This study attempts to build upon previous work by investigating teachers' views of evolution standards and their evolution practices in a state where evolution standards have been…

How State Takeover School Districts Shake Up Teacher Professional Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pennington, Kaitlin

2014-01-01

Over the past few decades, many state departments of education have taken over low-performing schools or districts as a school turnaround strategy. Recently, that strategy has shifted to creating new districts--managed by the state--that include schools and parts of districts that face challenges in performance. The governance structure brings…

The Next Generation of State Assessment and Accountability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rothman, Robert; Marion, Scott F.

2016-01-01

A pilot program in New Hampshire models innovative ways creating and applying state assessments and educator accountability. A study of New Hampshire's new system, which has already received approval by the U.S. Department of Education under a waiver from NCLB, finds some positive results and also suggests challenges states might face in putting…

Elite Education and the State in France: Durable Ties and New Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van Zanten, Agnès; Maxwell, Claire

2015-01-01

Employing a Weberian understanding of the centrality of a strong bureaucracy in the modern nation-state, this article examines the relationship between the state and elite education in France. Through a historical analysis and an examination of two current issues facing education--widening participation and pressures to internationalise--we…

The Challenges of Plasma Material Interactions in Nuclear Fusion Devices and Potential Solutions

DOE PAGES

Rapp, J.

2017-07-12

Plasma Material Interactions in future fusion reactors have been identified as a knowledge gap to be dealt with before any next step device past ITER can be built. The challenges are manifold. They are related to power dissipation so that the heat fluxes to the plasma facing components can be kept at technologically feasible levels; maximization of the lifetime of divertor plasma facing components that allow for steady-state operation in a reactor to reach the neutron fluences required; the tritium inventory (storage) in the plasma facing components, which can lead to potential safety concerns and reduction in the fuel efficiency;more » and it is related to the technology of the plasma facing components itself, which should demonstrate structural integrity under the high temperatures and neutron fluence. This contribution will give an overview and summary of those challenges together with some discussion of potential solutions. New linear plasma devices are needed to investigate the PMI under fusion reactor conditions and test novel plasma facing components. The Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment MPEX will be introduced and a status of the current R&D towards MPEX will be summarized.« less

The Challenges of Plasma Material Interactions in Nuclear Fusion Devices and Potential Solutions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rapp, J.

Plasma Material Interactions in future fusion reactors have been identified as a knowledge gap to be dealt with before any next step device past ITER can be built. The challenges are manifold. They are related to power dissipation so that the heat fluxes to the plasma facing components can be kept at technologically feasible levels; maximization of the lifetime of divertor plasma facing components that allow for steady-state operation in a reactor to reach the neutron fluences required; the tritium inventory (storage) in the plasma facing components, which can lead to potential safety concerns and reduction in the fuel efficiency;more » and it is related to the technology of the plasma facing components itself, which should demonstrate structural integrity under the high temperatures and neutron fluence. This contribution will give an overview and summary of those challenges together with some discussion of potential solutions. New linear plasma devices are needed to investigate the PMI under fusion reactor conditions and test novel plasma facing components. The Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment MPEX will be introduced and a status of the current R&D towards MPEX will be summarized.« less

Virtual Modeling for Cities of the Future. State-Of Art and Virtual Modeling for Cities of the Future. State-Of Art AN

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Valencia, J.; Muñoz-Nieto, A.; Rodriguez-Gonzalvez, P.

2015-02-01

3D virtual modeling, visualization, dissemination and management of urban areas is one of the most exciting challenges that must face geomatics in the coming years. This paper aims to review, compare and analyze the new technologies, policies and software tools that are in progress to manage urban 3D information. It is assumed that the third dimension increases the quality of the model provided, allowing new approaches to urban planning, conservation and management of architectural and archaeological areas. Despite the fact that displaying 3D urban environments is an issue nowadays solved, there are some challenges to be faced by geomatics in the coming future. Displaying georeferenced linked information would be considered the first challenge. Another challenge to face is to improve the technical requirements if this georeferenced information must be shown in real time. Are there available software tools ready for this challenge? Are they useful to provide services required in smart cities? Throughout this paper, many practical examples that require 3D georeferenced information and linked data will be shown. Computer advances related to 3D spatial databases and software that are being developed to convert rendering virtual environment to a new enriched environment with linked information will be also analyzed. Finally, different standards that Open Geospatial Consortium has assumed and developed regarding the three-dimensional geographic information will be reviewed. Particular emphasis will be devoted on KML, LandXML, CityGML and the new IndoorGML.

School Principals and Teacher Contract Non-Renewal

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nixon, Andy; Packard, Abbot L.; Dam, Margaret

2011-01-01

In an era of intense state and federal accountability for teaching and student learning, school principals face noteworthy challenges which typically work against recommending contract non-renewal for teachers. School principals confront tremendous pressure from state and federal accountability legislation to produce evidence of student learning…

Land use politics and law in the 1970's

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lamb, C. M.

1975-01-01

Political facets of the general land use challenge faced in the United States, and the legal authority for governmental action by state and federal officials under given conditions are discussed. Some current and future implications of these political and legal developments are presented. An overview of local versus state versus federal powers is presented along with practices for solving the nation's land use challenge. An analysis is provided of land use law and politics in five states playing active roles in land control. Land use politics and law at the federal level is addressed, with emphasis on three key legislative measures.

The Vocational Education and Training System in Bulgaria. Current Situation, Challenges and Reform Needs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pantaleev, Tzako; Kalandarova, Natalia; Dineva, Nedka; Panev, Georgi; Petrova, Iskra

This report reviews the current situation of Bulgaria's vocational education and training (VET) system to identify challenges facing the system and areas needing reform. Section 1 explores the following five aspects of Bulgaria's political and socioeconomic situation: (1) demography; (2) economic developments (privatization of state enterprises,…

Never Say Never: Opening New Doors to Online Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Kimberly P.

2010-01-01

Whether someone is a businessperson, teacher, laborer, or a stay-at-home parent, there is always a challenge associated with change. However, the opportunities to face challenges can open unbelievable doors. Current data indicate that the United States has almost four million students enrolled in online learning (Allen & Seaman, 2008). This…

Promising Leadership for School Turnarounds. The School Leadership Pipeline Series. Part 2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dolan, Kim Knous

2014-01-01

In the fall of 2012, the Donnell-Kay Foundation conducted a survey of Colorado's superintendents and charter management organization (CMO) leaders to understand the pipeline challenges faced by district and charter leaders in the state. The results of the survey found particular challenges with recruiting, supporting, and retaining qualified…

Conflicting Purposes of Higher Education in Federal Language: Defining a Liminal Discourse

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Krawczyk, Josh

2013-01-01

Colleges and universities currently face challenges in the form of calls for increased accountability, clear economic outcomes and return on investments in education. These challenges emanate from many sectors, including students and families, employers in industry, and state and federal governments. The language of these calls for accountability…

Creating Safe Schools: Roles and Challenges, a Federal Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Modzeleski, William

1996-01-01

Presents an overview of the Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act, a key federal program that provides funding directly to states and local educational agencies to facilitate drug and violence prevention programs. The Gun-Free Schools Act is also examined, and the major challenges communities face in correcting school safety problems are…

Rethinking Online Education: The Impact of Synchronous Telecommunication Interactions on Student Success

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hibbard, Joshua A.

2013-01-01

Higher education leaders in the 21st century are faced with challenges of affordability, accessibility, and increased demand for postsecondary education. The recent growth of online educational programs in the United States provides institutions with potential solutions to these challenges; yet, persistence rates continue to lag behind traditional…

Toward a More Equitable Future: The Trends and Challenges Facing America's Latino Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Foxen, Patricia; Mather, Mark

2016-01-01

Rapid demographic change is transforming the landscape of America in exciting and challenging ways. This report, an update of the 2010 publication "America's Future: Latino Child Well-Being in Numbers and Trends," provides a comprehensive overview of national and state-level trends in the characteristics and well-being of Hispanic…

Trends and Challenges in Teacher Preparation in Deaf Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lenihan, Susan

2010-01-01

Recent developments in deaf education are influencing teacher preparation programs, which are facing challenges in meeting the critical need for highly qualified teachers. Of approximately 65 teacher preparation programs in the United States, 11 programs focus primarily on preparing teachers to work with children who are deaf or hard of hearing…

The Benefits to Taxpayers from Increases in Students' Educational Attainment. Monograph

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carroll, Stephen J.; Erkut, Emre

2009-01-01

Meeting the educational demands of the future will be expensive; however, in most states, public schools from kindergarten through the university level already experience budgetary challenges. Policymakers face the challenge of motivating taxpayers to provide the funds needed to meet mounting education needs. In this volume, Carroll and Erkut…

Florida Rising: An Assessment of Public Universities in the Sunshine State

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Poliakoff, Michael; Alacbay, Armand

2013-01-01

The State University System of Florida has in recent years faced major budgetary challenges, remarkable for the size of its reductions in state funding, even when compared to the large cuts seen in so many states struck by the recession of 2008. What is more surprising in the world of higher education, however, is the progress that Florida's…

The Air Transportation Policy of Small States: Meeting the Challenges of Globalization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Antoniou, Andreas

2001-01-01

The air transport policies of small states are currently at a crossroad. Policy makers in these countries are facing a difficult dilemma: either follow the general trend of liberalization and pay the high cost of the resulting restructuring or maintain the existing regulatory and ownership structures at the risk of isolation thus undermining the viability and sustainability of their air transport sector and their economies in general. This paper proposes to explore the broad issues raised by this difficult dilemma, to outline its special significance in the context of small states and to delineate the options opened to the economic policymakers; in these states. After a brief note on the method of research, we sketch the main elements of the international air transport industry in which the airlines of small states are called upon to act. We then propose to review the main features of the analytical framework of this debate as it pertains to the special circumstances of these states. Then we focus on the challenges facing the airlines of Small States, while the next section proposes a number of the alternative policy options open to the policy makers in these states. The main conclusions are drawn in the final section.

Preliminary Testing of an Asthma Distance Education Program (ADEP) for School Nurses in Appalachia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Putman-Casdorph, Heidi; Pinto, Susan

2011-01-01

Asthma remains one of the most challenging chronic illnesses faced by school nurses both nationally and in the State of West Virginia. There is a clear need to provide ongoing continuing asthma education to school nurses. However, nurses face many barriers to receiving this education. The purpose of this pilot project was to develop and evaluate…

What Works for Latino/Hispanic Children and Adolescents: Lessons from Experimental Evaluations of Programs and Interventions. Fact Sheet. Publication #2011-05

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bandy, Tawana; Moore, Kristin A.

2011-01-01

Children and adolescents of Latino/Hispanic background often face challenges that differ from other subpopulations in the United States. Language barriers, issues related to parental citizenship status, and the economic disadvantages often faced by these children and adolescents can result in various negative outcomes, such as depression,…

Taxonomy of Challenges for Digital Forensics.

PubMed

Karie, Nickson M; Venter, Hein S

2015-07-01

Since its inception, over a decade ago, the field of digital forensics has faced numerous challenges. Despite different researchers and digital forensic practitioners having studied and analysed various known digital forensic challenges, as of 2013, there still exists a need for a formal classification of these challenges. This article therefore reviews existing research literature and highlights the various challenges that digital forensics has faced for the last 10 years. In conducting this research study, however, it was difficult for the authors to review all the existing research literature in the digital forensic domain; hence, sampling and randomization techniques were employed to facilitate the review of the gathered literature. Taxonomy of the various challenges is subsequently proposed in this paper based on our review of the literature. The taxonomy classifies the large number of digital forensic challenges into four well-defined and easily understood categories. The proposed taxonomy can be useful, for example, in future developments of automated digital forensic tools by explicitly describing processes and procedures that focus on addressing specific challenges identified in this paper. However, it should also be noted that the purpose of this paper was not to propose any solutions to the individual challenges that digital forensics face, but to serve as a survey of the state of the art of the research area. © 2015 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

Transnational Security Challenges in Southeast Aisa: The Need for Multinational Military Cooperation and Coordination in ASEAN

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-12

and military doctrines , all contribute to slowing down the process of military integration in Southeast Asia. This thesis will argue for the...prevented Cambodia from playing a more constructive part in the ASEAN security stage. Indonesia, an archipelagic state with a thousand islands, is the...second largest archipelagic state in Southeast Asia, faces many security challenges. As a “typhoon-torn” country, it will benefit from a stronger

Competing Conceptions of Academic Governance: Negotiating the Perfect Storm

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tierney, William G., Ed.

2004-01-01

Today, institutional leaders face numerous struggles: intervention from boards of trustees, alumni, and state legislators; decline in financial support from the states; and competition in an increasingly global marketplace. While it is agreed that effective governance structures allow institutions to respond creatively to these challenges, how…

Unifying concept of serotonin transporter-associated currents.

PubMed

Schicker, Klaus; Uzelac, Zeljko; Gesmonde, Joan; Bulling, Simon; Stockner, Thomas; Freissmuth, Michael; Boehm, Stefan; Rudnick, Gary; Sitte, Harald H; Sandtner, Walter

2012-01-02

Serotonin (5-HT) uptake by the human serotonin transporter (hSERT) is driven by ion gradients. The stoichiometry of transported 5-HT and ions is predicted to result in electroneutral charge movement. However, hSERT mediates a current when challenged with 5-HT. This discrepancy can be accounted for by an uncoupled ion flux. Here, we investigated the mechanistic basis of the uncoupled currents and its relation to the conformational cycle of hSERT. Our observations support the conclusion that the conducting state underlying the uncoupled ion flux is in equilibrium with an inward facing state of the transporter with K+ bound. We identified conditions associated with accumulation of the transporter in inward facing conformations. Manipulations that increased the abundance of inward facing states resulted in enhanced steady-state currents. We present a comprehensive kinetic model of the transport cycle, which recapitulates salient features of the recorded currents. This study provides a framework for exploring transporter-associated currents.

Unifying Concept of Serotonin Transporter-associated Currents*

PubMed Central

Schicker, Klaus; Uzelac, Zeljko; Gesmonde, Joan; Bulling, Simon; Stockner, Thomas; Freissmuth, Michael; Boehm, Stefan; Rudnick, Gary; Sitte, Harald H.; Sandtner, Walter

2012-01-01

Serotonin (5-HT) uptake by the human serotonin transporter (hSERT) is driven by ion gradients. The stoichiometry of transported 5-HT and ions is predicted to result in electroneutral charge movement. However, hSERT mediates a current when challenged with 5-HT. This discrepancy can be accounted for by an uncoupled ion flux. Here, we investigated the mechanistic basis of the uncoupled currents and its relation to the conformational cycle of hSERT. Our observations support the conclusion that the conducting state underlying the uncoupled ion flux is in equilibrium with an inward facing state of the transporter with K+ bound. We identified conditions associated with accumulation of the transporter in inward facing conformations. Manipulations that increased the abundance of inward facing states resulted in enhanced steady-state currents. We present a comprehensive kinetic model of the transport cycle, which recapitulates salient features of the recorded currents. This study provides a framework for exploring transporter-associated currents. PMID:22072712

Voices of Leadership: Essays on Challenges Facing Public Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swygert, H. Patrick, Ed.

This book presents speeches given and articles written by State University of New York presidents concerning issues confronting public higher education in the State of New York today. Essays and speeches are categorized under the following topics: (1) the development of the State University of New York; (2) public higher education in society; (3)…

State Arts Policy: Trends and Future Prospects

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lowell, Julia F.

2008-01-01

State arts agencies (SAAs)--key players within the U.S. system of public support for the arts--face growing economic, political, and demographic challenges to the roles and missions they adopted when founded in the mid-1960s. This report, the fourth and final in a multiyear study, looks at state arts agencies' efforts to rethink their roles and…

At a Crossroads: A Report Card on Public Higher Education in Minnesota

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Diaz, Sandra; Lakemacher, Heather; Mitchell, Charles

2010-01-01

In 2011, the chief executives of the University of Minnesota and Minnesota State Colleges & Universities systems will leave their positions, along with the governor of the state. The state will continue to face fiscal challenges, and the campuses will have to figure out how to do more with less. As "Tribune" columnist Lori Sturdevant…

Building the Capacity of States to Ensure Inclusion of Rural Communities in State and Local Primary Violence Prevention Planning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cook-Craig, Patricia G.; Lane, Karen G.; Siebold, Wendi L.

2010-01-01

Rural, frontier, and geographically isolated communities face unique challenges associated with ensuring that they are equal partners in capacity-building and prevention planning processes at the state and local level despite barriers that can inhibit participation. By their nature, rural, frontier, and geographically isolated communities and…

Financing Universal Primary Education: An Analysis of Official Development Assistance in Fragile States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Turrent, Victoria; Oketch, Moses

2009-01-01

At existing rates of progress, fragile states represent those countries most at-risk of failing to achieve universal primary education. It is estimated that around a third of the world's out of school children live in countries where the state faces severe development challenges instigated and perpetuated by weak institutional capacity, poor…

Biological Invasions: A Challenge In Ecological Forecasting

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schnase, J. L.; Smith, J. A.; Stohlgren, T. J.; Graves, S.; Trees, C.; Rood, Richard (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

The spread of invasive species is one of the most daunting environmental, economic, and human-health problems facing the United States and the World today. It is one of several grand challenge environmental problems being considered by NASA's Earth Science Vision for 2025. The invasive species problem is complex and presents many challenges. Developing an invasive species predictive capability could significantly advance the science and technology of ecological forecasting.

ASEAN and Its Security Offspring: Facing New Challenges

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-08-01

by demanding Suu Kyi’s release. Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir summarized the members’ dismay when he stated: “We don’t criticize members states...11 Mahathir went on to say that even Burma’s expulsion from ASEAN was a possibility, since ASEAN has a right to demand standards of behavior from

California's Changing Face: The Challenge Ahead. Future in Focus, 2000-2025: Population.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kan-Rice, Pamela, Ed.

2000-01-01

Part of a series on California's future through 2025, this theme issue of California Agriculture examines how demographic changes and increased ethnic diversity will affect the state's agriculture, economy, and educational system. Research articles are: "Immigration, High Fertility Fuel State's Population Growth" (William A. V. Clark);…

A Review of Applicability and Effectiveness of Low Impact Development/Green Infrastructure Practices in Arid/Semi-Arid United States

EPA Science Inventory

Southwestern/Western United States is among the fastest growing urbanized area and faces multiple water resource challenges. Low Impact Development (LID) /Green Infrastructure (GI) practices are increasingly popular technologies for managing stormwater; however, LID is often not ...

Building a Champagne Network on a Beer Budget

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dolan, Jon; Pederson, Curt

2004-01-01

Oregon State University's demand for bandwidth to support scientific collaboration and research continues to grow exponentially, while state funding declines due to hard economic times. The challenge faced by these authors was to find creative yet fiscally responsible ways to meet OSU's bandwidth demands. Looking at their options for high-capacity…

Latino Immigrant Students' School Experiences in the United States: The Importance of Family- School-Community Collaborations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sibley, Erin; Brabeck, Kalina

2017-01-01

This paper reviews the literature on the educational experiences of Latino immigrant students in the United States, from early childhood through postsecondary educational attainment. Utilizing a developmental-contextual perspective, we explain the various environmental, political, structural, and psychological challenges these students face, while…

The Drug Testing of College Athletes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leeson, Todd A.

1989-01-01

The paper examines the state of drug testing of college athletes and the challenges faced by the National Collegiate Athletic Association and university testing programs. State and federal litigation on drug testing is reviewed along with other issues in the drug-testing debate. Practical recommendations are offered to educational institutions.…

Tracking and recognition face in videos with incremental local sparse representation model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Chao; Wang, Yunhong; Zhang, Zhaoxiang

2013-10-01

This paper addresses the problem of tracking and recognizing faces via incremental local sparse representation. First a robust face tracking algorithm is proposed via employing local sparse appearance and covariance pooling method. In the following face recognition stage, with the employment of a novel template update strategy, which combines incremental subspace learning, our recognition algorithm adapts the template to appearance changes and reduces the influence of occlusion and illumination variation. This leads to a robust video-based face tracking and recognition with desirable performance. In the experiments, we test the quality of face recognition in real-world noisy videos on YouTube database, which includes 47 celebrities. Our proposed method produces a high face recognition rate at 95% of all videos. The proposed face tracking and recognition algorithms are also tested on a set of noisy videos under heavy occlusion and illumination variation. The tracking results on challenging benchmark videos demonstrate that the proposed tracking algorithm performs favorably against several state-of-the-art methods. In the case of the challenging dataset in which faces undergo occlusion and illumination variation, and tracking and recognition experiments under significant pose variation on the University of California, San Diego (Honda/UCSD) database, our proposed method also consistently demonstrates a high recognition rate.

Examining Admission Policy Change at a Private, Tuition-Dependent, Baccalaureate Institution in an Urban Setting: A Qualitative Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gage, Christopher B.

2017-01-01

Higher education in America is resilient; in the face of seemingly insurmountable challenges, higher education manages to weather the storm of change, pressure, doubt, and criticism. Consider the following challenges: shifting demographics, escalating tuition, decreased state funding, retention and graduation rates, flat tuition revenue,…

Challenges for Global Learners: A Qualitative Study of the Concerns and Difficulties of International Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gautam, Chetanath; Lowery, Charles L.; Mays, Chance; Durant, Dayan

2016-01-01

The authors in this study seek to inform academia about international students' experiences and challenges while attending universities in Small Town USA. Despite their eagerness to study in the United States (U.S.), international students are faced with setbacks that many universities fail to recognize or realize. The researchers conducted…

Equity for Students with High-Incidence Disabilities in Statewide Assessments: A Technology-Based Solution

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meyen, Ed; Poggio, John; Seok, Soonhwa; Smith, Sean

2006-01-01

One of the most significant challenges facing policy makers in education today is to ensure that state assessments designed to measure student performance across specified grade-level curriculum content standards will allow all students to demonstrate what they have learned. This challenge is made complex by the varied attributes of students with…

Childhood Poverty in Colorado: A Closer Look at a Statewide Challenge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Piscopo, Lisa

2009-01-01

The nation's recent economic problems underscore the urgency of addressing the challenges that low-income families face. The current economic downturn will exacerbate what already are troubling trends in Colorado--namely, that too many children in the state live in poverty and these numbers are growing rapidly. Until updated data are available, it…

Note-Taking and Secondary Students with Learning Disabilities: Challenges and Solutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boyle, Joseph R.

2012-01-01

As more secondary students with learning disabilities (LD) enroll in advanced content-area classes and are expected to pass state exams, they are faced with the challenge of mastering difficult concepts and abstract vocabulary while learning content. Once in these classes, students must learn from lectures that move at a quick pace, record…

The Change from within Program: Bringing Restorative Justice Circles for Conflict Resolution to Jamaican Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ferguson, Therese; Chevannes, Pauletta

2018-01-01

The Small Island Developing State of Jamaica, in the Caribbean region, is facing significant environmental, economic, and social challenges. Violence has become a serious challenge for Jamaica and several other countries in the region; the level of violence against and among children is particularly disturbing. Perhaps even more troubling is the…

Capacity Building: Reshaping Urban Community College Resources in Response to Emerging Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lassiter, Wright L., Jr.

2013-01-01

Urban community colleges face a myriad of convergent challenges, including the loss of state funding and local property tax support, increased demands for better performance and greater accountability, and record-high enrollment by the most underprepared students in higher education. Sometimes to make sense of it all, it helps to think of an onion.

The Texas Public Education Challenge. Texas Trilogy on Public Education and Taxes. Policy Brief No. 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCown, F. Scott

2006-01-01

This is the first in a trilogy of policy briefs discussing public education and taxes. This brief discusses the challenge facing Texas in funding public education. It also explains why the Texas Supreme Court's recent decision in "West Orange-Cove II" requires increased state appropriations for public education.

The Lisbon Strategy Challenges to the Czech Republic Human Resources

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaderabkova, Anna

2005-01-01

When achieving long-term sustainable growth, the key role is assigned to knowledge-based competitiveness. The new EU Member States therefore face a double challenge on the Lisbon road. On the one hand, higher expenditure is required to improve the quality of research and education input and infrastructure, and on the other, innovation system…

Listening to Teacher Lore: The Challenges and Resources of Korean Heritage Language Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Soyong; Bang, Yoo-Seon

2011-01-01

In this paper, we present a study on the experiences of four Korean heritage language teachers in the United States, specifically the challenges they face and the resources they draw upon for their teaching. We situate our work within the conceptual framework of teacher lore (Ayers & Schubert, 1994) that accentuates the importance of putting…

Increasing Access to Higher Education for Unaccompanied Youth: Information for Colleges and Universities. Best Practices in Homeless Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Center for Homeless Education at SERVE, 2010

2010-01-01

Each year, more than a million young people in the United States experience homelessness; some of these young people, known as unaccompanied homeless youth, will face the challenges of homelessness while living on their own without the support of a caring adult. Unaccompanied homeless youth face the same struggles as other young people: trying to…

Navigating a Path to the Entrepreneurial Community College: Strategies for Transformational Change in Organizational Culture, Presidential Competencies, and New Business Models

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brock, Susanne M.

2015-01-01

Community colleges increasingly face the need to engage in entrepreneurial activities to fill funding gaps created by reduced state funding and increased operational costs. The research attention given to four-year universities and colleges has not been paid to find solutions for the external challenges that community colleges face with funding…

Is There a Student "Disconnect?" First-Year Hybrid Class Teachers' Observations and Recommendations for Improving Student Engagement in Information Systems Classes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parris, Joan B.; Beaver, Jana P.; Nickels, David W.; Crabtree, John D.

2011-01-01

Research shows that during times of economic downturn in the United States, education funding suffers. One method that higher education administrators are choosing to ease the economic crunch is to offer hybrid classes that blend one regular face-to-face class meeting with online and outside class components. The challenge of managing large…

Community Connectedness, Challenges, and Resilience Among Gay Latino Immigrants

PubMed Central

Gray, Nicole N.; Mendelsohn, David M.; Omoto, Allen M.

2016-01-01

To date, relatively little psychological research has focused on the experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) Latino/a immigrants to the United States. This qualitative study used face-to-face semi-structured interviews to explore the unique sources of stress, challenges, as well as opportunities and factors related to resilience among 13 gay Latino first- and second-generation immigrants. Iterative coding of interview transcripts revealed four key themes, each of which is illustrated with verbatim quotes: 1) feelings of connectedness to the LGBT community, 2) feelings of connectedness to the Latino/a community, 3) intersectional challenges and strategies, and 4) well-being, strength, and resilience. As suggested by these themes, gay Latino immigrants have distinct sources of stress and conflict, many of them associated with community memberships, but also draw on unique sources of support and adaptive thoughts and behaviors in facing stressors. Implications for studying risk and resilience factors among stigmatized populations, including LGBT individuals and immigrants, are discussed. PMID:25576015

The Role of the State Education Agency (SEA) in Influencing the Statewide Adoption of Computer-Based K12 Accountability Assessments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cano, Diana Wright

2017-01-01

State Education Agencies (SEAs) face challenges to the implementation of computer-based accountability assessments. The change in the accountability assessments from paper-based to computer-based demands action from the states to enable schools and districts to build their technical capacity, train the staff, provide practice opportunities to the…

Improving Low-Achieving Schools: Building State Capacity to Support School Improvement through Race to the Top

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Childs, Joshua; Russell, Jennifer Lin

2017-01-01

Improving low-achieving schools is a critical challenge facing urban education. Recent national policy shifts have pressed states to take an expanded role in school improvement efforts. In 2009, a federal grant competition called Race to the Top (RttT) compelled states to improve their capacity to implement ambitious education reform agendas.…

Futures project anticipates changes and challenges facing forests of the northern United States

Treesearch

Stephen R. Shifley; W. Keith Moser; Michael E. Goerndt; Nianfu Song; Mark D. Nelson; David J. Nowak; Patrick D. Miles; Brett J. Butler; Ryan D. DeSantis; Francisco X. Aguilar; Brian G. Tavernia

2014-01-01

The Northern Forest Futures Project aims to reveal how today's trends and choices are likely to change the future forest landscape in the northeastern and midwestern United States. The research is focused on the 20-state quadrant bounded by Maine, Maryland, Missouri, and Minnesota. This area, which encompasses most of the Central Hardwood Forest region, is the...

No Place to Call Home: Child & Youth Homelessness in the United States. Poverty Fact Sheet

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Damron, Neil

2015-01-01

"No Place to Call Home: Child and Youth Homelessness in the United States," prepared by intern Neil Damron and released in May 2015, presents the statistics on child and youth homelessness and recent trends in Wisconsin and the United States. It explores the major challenges faced by homeless minors, and, drawing from recent research by…

Evaluating Progress: State Education Agencies and the Implementation of New Teacher Evaluation Systems. WP #2015-09

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McGuinn, Patrick

2015-01-01

In a 2012 paper for the Center for American Progress, "The State of Evaluation Reform," Patrick McGuinn (Drew University) identified the opportunities and challenges facing education agencies in Race to the Top (RTTT) grant-winning states as they prepared for the implementation of new teacher evaluation systems. The 2012 study undertook…

"Health for All" in England and Brazil?

PubMed

Duncan, Peter; Bertolozzi, Maria Rita; Cowley, Sarah; Egry, Emiko Yoshikawa; Chiesa, Anna Maria; de Siqueira França, Francisco Oscar

2015-01-01

This article discusses the achievements and challenges that England and Brazil face in relation to their capacity to address inequalities in health through health promotion and public health policies. Using secondary data (policy texts and related documents), this article contextualizes, explains, and critically appraises health promotion and public health efforts for the reduction of inequalities in health in the 2 countries. A historic documentary analysis was undertaken, with hermeneutics as the methodological framework. The global economic crisis has prompted the so-called developed economies of Europe to reconsider their economic and social priorities. England represents a state facing this kind of challenge. Equally, Brazil is assuming new positions not only on the world stage but also in terms of the relationship it has with its citizens and the priorities it has for state welfare. The United Kingdom continues to finance a health care system allowing universal access in the form of the National Health Service, and state concern about the public health task of reducing inequalities has recently been underlined in policy. For Brazil, although there have been recent achievements related to population access to healthcare, challenges continue, especially with regard to the quality of care. © SAGE Publications 2015.

Challenges facing an understanding of the nature of low-energy excited states in photosynthesis.

PubMed

Reimers, Jeffrey R; Biczysko, Malgorzata; Bruce, Douglas; Coker, David F; Frankcombe, Terry J; Hashimoto, Hideki; Hauer, Jürgen; Jankowiak, Ryszard; Kramer, Tobias; Linnanto, Juha; Mamedov, Fikret; Müh, Frank; Rätsep, Margus; Renger, Thomas; Styring, Stenbjörn; Wan, Jian; Wang, Zhuan; Wang-Otomo, Zheng-Yu; Weng, Yu-Xiang; Yang, Chunhong; Zhang, Jian-Ping; Freiberg, Arvi; Krausz, Elmars

2016-09-01

While the majority of the photochemical states and pathways related to the biological capture of solar energy are now well understood and provide paradigms for artificial device design, additional low-energy states have been discovered in many systems with obscure origins and significance. However, as low-energy states are naively expected to be critical to function, these observations pose important challenges. A review of known properties of low energy states covering eight photochemical systems, and options for their interpretation, are presented. A concerted experimental and theoretical research strategy is suggested and outlined, this being aimed at providing a fully comprehensive understanding. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

[Political challenges facing the consolidation of the Sistema Único de Saúde: a historical approach].

PubMed

Rodrigues, Paulo Henrique de Almeida

2014-01-01

This article investigates the circumstances in which Brazil’s sanitation reform was conceived and the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) was constructed. A brief analysis is conducted of Brazil’s political transition to democracy, focusing on three political challenges facing the consolidation of SUS: its weak support base amongst workers, competition with the private sector, and the fragmentation of its administration caused by its municipalization. Finally, the changes in the scenario caused by the weakening of neoliberalism since the 2008 crisis, the reemergence of a multipolar political scenario internationally, and the financing conditions of the Brazilian State are described.

Front-Line Resilience Perspectives: The Electric Grid

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Finster, M.; Phillips, J.; Wallace, K.

2016-11-01

This report seeks to summarize how states and local utility companies are approaching all-hazards resilience in planning, construction, operations, and maintenance of the electric system, as well as challenges faced when addressing all-hazards resilience.

FHWA Federal-Aid ITS Procurement Regulations and Contracting Options

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-10-01

State and local agencies planning to procure Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) projects with Federal highway funds face unique challenges. They must choose appropriate contracting techniques that optimize project quality and cost while meeting...

Discovering Effective Student Equity Practices in California Community Colleges: An Action Research Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Luster, Pamela T.

2010-01-01

California Community Colleges face unique challenges and opportunities in serving the state's largest new majority students who are also the state's most at-risk students. These students are the primary driver of the new economy, however they arrive at college with significant educational and economic disadvantages (Woodlief, Thomas, & Orozco,…

Now It's Necessary: Virtual Reference Services at Washington State University, Pullman

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nicol, Erica Carlson; Crook, Linda

2013-01-01

While virtual reference services (VRS) are becoming more and more common in academic libraries, implementing and maintaining well-used and effective VRS can be a challenge in the face of competing demands on time, staffing, and funding. Between 2011 and 2012, librarians at Washington State University, Pullman (WSU) have overhauled and reorganized…

Challenges faced and tactics used to integrate real-time state police CAD data with the VDOT Richmond District Smart Traffic Center : lessons learned document

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-01-01

This document discusses the significant issues encountered during the development effort of integrating the Transportation Management System (OpenTMS) deployed at the VDOT Richmond District Smart Traffic Center (STC) with the real time State Police d...

Shaping a Healthier Generation: Successful State Strategies to Prevent Childhood Obesity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mulheron, Joyal; Vonasek, Kara

2009-01-01

Studies show that childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the United States. Today, more than 23 million American children--or nearly one in every three--are overweight or obese. If childhood obesity is left unaddressed, a generation of individuals could face health, social, and economic challenges that promise to stress government…

Convergence of agricultural intensification and climate change in the midwestern United States: Implications for soil and water conservation

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Society faces substantial challenges to expand food production while adapting to climatic changes and ensuring ecosystem services are maintained. A convergence of these issues is occurring in the Midwestern United States, i.e., the ‘cornbelt’ region that provides substantial grain supplies to world ...

Implementing the Early Childhood Formula: Programs under PL 99-457.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thiele, Judith E.; Hamilton, James L.

1991-01-01

This article describes progress made by states and U.S. territories in implementing the Part H program for handicapped infants and toddlers and the Section 619 preschool grants program, both authorized by the 1986 Amendments to the Education of the Handicapped Act. Challenges faced by states include financing, personnel supply and standards, and…

Financing Washington's Schools in the New Millennium: Sorting through the Mixed Messages.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Plecki, Margaret L.

Washington State faces the challenge of balancing a number of conflicting economic and political conditions that impact K-12 education either directly or indirectly. These include reduced vehicle license fees, an existing statewide spending limit, a state revenue surplus, proposals to provide property-tax relief, proposed voter initiatives to…

International Graduate Student Mobility in the US: What More Can We Be Doing?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roberts, Darbi L.

2012-01-01

This article examines the current growth statistics of international graduate student populations in the United States in order to present trends in international student mobility. Although many scholars suggest the United States is facing a decrease in future international student demand, recent studies seem to challenge this theory. This article…

Communication between United States-Based Firms and Mexican Production Facilities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waldman, Lila

A study examined the types of communication technologies being used by United States-based corporations with operations in Mexico to determine the challenges these companies face when communicating across the border. A total of 703 U.S. corporations doing business with Mexico (culled from lists in two professional directories) were chosen for the…

California Report Card '09: Setting the Agenda for Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Children Now, 2009

2009-01-01

Despite economic and social challenges facing California, Children Now advocates that the foundation of state vitality and well-being is a healthy, educated and skilled population, and urges efficient investments in children. State leadership is called upon to: (1) Ensure every child has affordable health insurance coverage; (2) Invest earlier in…

A Comprehensive Wellness Program for Veterinary Medical Education: Design and Implementation at North Carolina State University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Royal, Kenneth; Flammer, Keven; Borst, Luke; Huckle, Jeffrey; Barter, Hillary; Neel, Jennifer

2017-01-01

Research in veterinary medical education has illustrated the challenges students face with respect to mental and emotional wellness, lack of attention to physical health, and limited opportunities to meaningfully engage with persons from different backgrounds. In response, the North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine has…

Solving the problems we face: the United States Environmental Protection Agency, sustainability, and the challenges of the twenty-first century

EPA Science Inventory

Addressing the problems of the twenty-first century will require new initiatives that complement traditional regulatory activities. Existing regulations, such as the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act are important safety nets in the United States for protecting human health and t...

Real Improvement for Real Students: Test Smarter, Serve Better

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sternberg, Betty J.

2006-01-01

In this essay, Betty J. Sternberg argues that the increased money and time spent on meeting the summative testing requirements of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) adds little to the existing "gold standard" testing conducted by the State of Connecticut. Sternberg highlights the challenges faced by one state in meeting the requirements…

Biometric Challenges for Future Deployments: A Study of the Impact of Geography, Climate, Culture, and Social Conditions on the Effective Collection of Biometrics

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-04-01

to iris or face recognition. In addition, breathing the dust is prevented with something covering the mouth , which will cause problems with face...headgear that “obscures the hair or hairline”. [58] One database of face images has images of people with and without scarves over their mouth . [59... Electronic Systems Magazine. Vol 19, Number 9, September 2004. [58] U.S. Department of State. How to Apply [for a Passport] in Person. [On-line

Challenges and Developments in the Assessment of (Mal)adaptive Personality and Pathological States in Older Adults.

PubMed

Rossi, Gina; Videler, Arjan; van Alphen, S P J

2018-04-01

Since older adults often show an atypical presentation of (mal)adaptive personality traits and pathological states, the articles in this special issue will concisely discuss some perennial issues in clinical assessment in older adults and thus outline the main challenges this domain faces. By bringing empirical work and meta-analytic studies from leading scholars in the field of geropsychology, the articles will also address these challenges by reporting the latest developments in the field. This way, we hope to reshape the way clinicians and researchers assess (mal)adaptive personality and pathological states in older adults into a more reliable and valid assessment method that integrates the specific biopsychosocial context of older age.

Software Systems for High-performance Quantum Computing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Humble, Travis S; Britt, Keith A

Quantum computing promises new opportunities for solving hard computational problems, but harnessing this novelty requires breakthrough concepts in the design, operation, and application of computing systems. We define some of the challenges facing the development of quantum computing systems as well as software-based approaches that can be used to overcome these challenges. Following a brief overview of the state of the art, we present models for the quantum programming and execution models, the development of architectures for hybrid high-performance computing systems, and the realization of software stacks for quantum networking. This leads to a discussion of the role that conventionalmore » computing plays in the quantum paradigm and how some of the current challenges for exascale computing overlap with those facing quantum computing.« less

USDA's national institute of food and agriculture (NIFA): engaging knowledge and technology, incentives and policies to promote appropriate decision making in the management of water and watersheds

Treesearch

James Dobrowolski

2016-01-01

Agriculture, across the value chain, is the greatest consumptive user of water resources in the United States and around the world. Perhaps the greatest challenge facing agricultural producers will be increased agricultural production to meet rising demand in the face of limited water resources.

Am I a Qualified Literacy Researcher and Educator? A Counter-Story of a Professional Journey of One Asian Male Literacy Scholar in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jang, Bong Gee

2017-01-01

Although there has been a significant increase in the number of minority faculty members in higher education, little is known about potential barriers and challenges we face during their early career development. In this counter-story article, I share my own professional experiences regarding the choices I made and obstacles I faced in developing…

Combating Terrorism, Rebel Groups, and Armed Militias in the Face of Economic Prosperity Opportunities

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-05-04

FINAL 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Combatting Terrorism, Rebel Groups , and Armed...facing many security threats. Al-Shabaab in Somalia, armed rebel groups , and armed militia in South Sudan pose the greatest security challenges to the...these groups . 15. SUBJECT TERMS United States Africa Command, Al-Shabaab, Lamu Oil Pipeline, Security. 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17

Increasing Access to Higher Education for Unaccompanied Homeless Youth: Information for Colleges and Universities. Best Practices in Homeless Education Brief Series

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Center for Homeless Education at SERVE, 2012

2012-01-01

Each year, more than a million young people in the United States experience homelessness; some of these young people, known as unaccompanied homeless youth, will face the challenges of homelessness while living on their own without the support of a caring adult. Unaccompanied homeless youth face the same struggles as other young people: trying to…

A Pedagogical Framework for Technology Integration in ESL Classrooms: The Promises and Challenges of Integration

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yang, Sha; Walker, Victoria

2015-01-01

Technologies have the potential to support language teaching and learning, but English as a Second Language (ESL) teachers in the United States (U.S.) either sparingly use technologies for instruction or use them at low level. Although previous research has indicated some promises and challenges faced by U.S. ESL teachers with integrating…

Threats to cross-border wildlife linkages in the Sky Islands Wildlands Network

Treesearch

Kim Vacariu

2005-01-01

One of the greatest challenges facing conservationists in the Sky Islands region is finding a realistic means to maintain historic travel routes for wide-ranging species crossing the United States-Mexico border. This challenge is made difficult due to the ongoing efforts by the Federal government to install additional security infrastructure to stem the flood of...

What Is Your Bench Strength? An Exploration of Succession Planning in Three Large School Districts in a Southeastern State

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Riddick, Francine Piscitelli

2009-01-01

Large school districts face a number of challenges due to their sheer size. One of these challenges involves staffing the role of the principal. With Baby Boomers reaching retirement age, large school districts, especially those experiencing growth, have to fill numerous leadership positions. In order to fill these positions efficiently and…

Challenges Faced by Military Families: Perceptions of United States Marine Corps School Liaisons

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aronson, Keith R.; Perkins, Daniel F.

2013-01-01

The global war on terror has placed a number of stressful demands on service members and their families. Although the military offers a wide range of services and supports to military families, not all families are willing or able to use them. For example, geographically dispersed families can find it challenging to connect with military support…

Constructing New Finance Models That Balance Equity, Adequacy and Efficiency with Responsiveness. Education Finance in the States: Its Past, Present and Future. ECS Issue Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guthrie, James W.

Policymakers continue to face major challenges in education finance, despite a history of reforms. Today's challenges include ensuring financial adequacy, maintaining gains in distributional equality, coping with the increasing need for teachers, satisfying public preference for diversity in schools and programs, and devising performance…

Rites of Pedagogical Passage: How Graduate Student Instructors Negotiate the Challenges of First-Time Teaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smollin, Leandra M.; Arluke, Arnold

2014-01-01

This study examines the dynamics of the first-time teaching experience of graduate instructors, drawing on interview and focus group data from 35 sociology students in a doctoral program at a large university in the United States. Results indicate the majority of graduate instructors felt a great deal of anxiety due to challenges they faced when…

A Dissertation Study: Determining the Successes and Challenges of Entrepreneurial Practices from Community College Leaders in Six States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lang, Clayton, Jr.

2017-01-01

The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the extent of success and the challenges faced by community college presidents in creating an entrepreneurial culture. Fourteen American community colleges, identified by Roueche and Jones (2005), were surveyed for this study. These fourteen community colleges are located in Texas, Florida,…

Forestry in urban and urbanizing areas of the United States; connecting people with forest in the 21st century

Treesearch

John F. Dwyer; Gina M. Childs; David J. Nowak

2000-01-01

Resource managers worldwide face challenges in responding to expanding urbanization and its effects on forest resources. These challenges can be met head on if managers work toward: (1) comprehensive management of forest resources in urban and urbanizing areas, and (2)connection of urban people with forests and their management. Opportunities exist for...

Can a Catholic College Exist Today?: Challenges to Religious Identity in the Midst of Pluralism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cesareo, Francesco C.

2007-01-01

One of the most significant and important challenges facing any president of a Catholic college or university is maintaining and enhancing the religious identity and mission of the institution in the midst of the pluralism that exists on every Catholic campus in the United States. Catholic colleges and universities are at an important crossroad, a…

School Nurse Perspectives of Challenges and How They Perceive Success in Their Professional Nursing Roles

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Shirley G.; Firmin, Michael W.

2009-01-01

This is a phenomenological study of 25 school nurses employed in a large, urban school district in the midwestern section of the United States. In addition to school nursing, the participants also had professional work experience in other nursing specialties. Thematic analysis of the data focused on the challenges faced by the school nurses, their…

Challenges for Peace Educators at the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harris, Ian M.

This paper provides a description of the history and advancements made in peace education during the past century. By the end of the 20th century, 200 colleges in the United States had peace studies programs and approximately 1 in 10 of the public schools had conflict resolution programs. The paper focuses on four challenges faced by peace…

Linking Outcomes and Funding: Core Challenges and Approaches. Chapin Hall Working Paper

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wulczyn, Fred

2005-01-01

One of the central challenges facing child welfare administrators has to do with managing how the foster care system is financed while working hard to achieve positive outcomes for children and families. Offering states greater discretion over the use of federal Title IV-E funds is one way to improve management of the child welfare system.…

The Impact of Bullying on School Performance in Six Selected Schools in South Carolina

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cooper, Stephanie A.

2011-01-01

The nation's K-12 schools are faced with numerous critical challenges, such as elevating academic achievement, and meeting No Child Left Behind state standards (Kowalski et al., 2008). But bullying in schools is becoming one of the most challenging issues that school personnel are encountering. In a Stanford University, study it was revealed that…

Deep learning and face recognition: the state of the art

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Balaban, Stephen

2015-05-01

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have established themselves as a dominant technique in machine learning. DNNs have been top performers on a wide variety of tasks including image classification, speech recognition, and face recognition.1-3 Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been used in nearly all of the top performing methods on the Labeled Faces in the Wild (LFW) dataset.3-6 In this talk and accompanying paper, I attempt to provide a review and summary of the deep learning techniques used in the state-of-the-art. In addition, I highlight the need for both larger and more challenging public datasets to benchmark these systems. Despite the ability of DNNs and autoencoders to perform unsupervised feature learning, modern facial recognition pipelines still require domain specific engineering in the form of re-alignment. For example, in Facebook's recent DeepFace paper, a 3D "frontalization" step lies at the beginning of the pipeline. This step creates a 3D face model for the incoming image and then uses a series of affine transformations of the fiducial points to "frontalize" the image. This step enables the DeepFace system to use a neural network architecture with locally connected layers without weight sharing as opposed to standard convolutional layers.6 Deep learning techniques combined with large datasets have allowed research groups to surpass human level performance on the LFW dataset.3, 5 The high accuracy (99.63% for FaceNet at the time of publishing) and utilization of outside data (hundreds of millions of images in the case of Google's FaceNet) suggest that current face verification benchmarks such as LFW may not be challenging enough, nor provide enough data, for current techniques.3, 5 There exist a variety of organizations with mobile photo sharing applications that would be capable of releasing a very large scale and highly diverse dataset of facial images captured on mobile devices. Such an "ImageNet for Face Recognition" would likely receive a warm welcome from researchers and practitioners alike.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jacobson, L.N.

Traffic congestion and personal mobility preservation are the most challenging issues facing transportation professionals. From Phoenix to San Francisco to Washington, D.C., citizens are identifying transportation as their number one concern, outweighing issues such as pollution, overpopulation, unemployment, and crime. In the state of Washington, particularly in the greater Seattle area, congestion is likewise a major concern. In order to address the mobility problems facing the urban areas of Washington, the state initiated a new transportation research and implementation program in October 1987. The program is called Freeway and Arterial Management Effort (FAME). The focus of the program is discussedmore » by the author.« less

'Just doing the best we can': health care providers' perceptions of barriers to providing care to Marshallese patients in Arkansas.

PubMed

McElfish, Pearl A; Chughtai, Almas; Low, Lisa K; Garner, Robert; Purvis, Rachel S

2018-05-04

Marshallese migrating to the United States encounter challenges in accessing health care. Previous literature has investigated Marshallese participants' perceptions of the barriers they face in accessing health care. For this study, health care providers managing the care of Marshallese patients were interviewed to understand the providers' perception of barriers that their Marshallese patients encounter. A qualitative research design was utilized to explore health care providers' perceptions of and experiences with the barriers faced by their Marshallese patients when accessing the US health care system. The primary barriers identified were: (1) economic barriers; (2) communication challenges; (3) difficulty understanding and navigating the western health care system; and (4) structural and system barriers. This study provides insight on the barriers Marshallese patients face in accessing health care as well as the barriers providers face in delivering care to Marshallese patients. A better understanding of these barriers can help health care providers and educators to begin initiating improvements in the delivery of care to Marshallese patients.

Department of Transportation's intelligent transportation systems (ITS) projects book

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-01-01

Surface transportation systems in the United States today face a number of significant challenges. Congestion and safety continue to present serious problems in spite of the nations superb roadway systems. Congestion imposes an exorbitant cost on ...

Department of Transportation's intelligent transportation systems (ITS) projects book

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-01-01

Surface transportation systems in the United States today face a number of significant challenges. Congestion and safety continue to present serious problems in spite of the nations superb roadway systems. Congestion imposes an exorbitant cost on ...

Knowledge and Understanding of 21st Century Skills through Educator Externships: Programs in Southern New England

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gibson-Cayouette, Lizann R.

2010-01-01

An acute shortage of a competent, highly-skilled workforce faces the United States workplace. Studies and reports from 1983 to present, repeatedly state that the education system in the United States must change to prepare the emergent workforce for success in the 21st century global challenges of both post-secondary education and the workplace.…

Administrators' and Teachers' Perceptions of Bullying and Bullying Policies in Middle Schools in Three South Carolina School Districts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jordon, Kelly J.

2014-01-01

Our nation's schools are faced with numerous critical challenges and problems; meeting federal and state mandates, state standards, elevating academic achievement, increasing parental involvement, and violence in the schools (Gould, 2011; Kowalski & Cangemi, 2011; Simpson, LaCava, & Graner, 2004). Violence in many U.S. schools continues to…

Examining the Potential of Information Technologies to Improve Cost Control in Community Colleges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sudhakar, Samuel

2013-01-01

The challenges facing publicly funded community colleges have never been greater. Declining state and federal support and decreasing property tax revenues have placed a tremendous pressure on tuition rates. Declining revenues combined with the lack of adequate cost control, has caused in-state tuition and fees at public 2-year colleges to increase…

Analysis of potential impacts of climate change on wildlife habitats in the U.S.

Treesearch

Linda A. Joyce; Curtis H. Flather; Marni Koopman

2008-01-01

Resource managers face many challenges in developing management recommendations for wildlife habitat under a changing climate. Our research results offer states a more consistent and holistic approach to analyzing potential threats of climate change to terrestrial wildlife habitat. This process integrates a review of the scientific literature, the State Wildlife Action...

North Carolina State University, Department of Adult and Community College Education Revised Compact Plan for 2003-2005.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh.

This article contends that the Department of Adult and Community College Education at North Carolina State University faces a significant challenge over the next 5 years, due to current Department faculty retirements and increasing competition from traditional, nontraditional, and virtual distance learning programs for prospective students. This…

Tribal wilderness research needs and issues in the United States and Canada

Treesearch

Dan McDonald; Tom McDonald; Leo H. McAvoy

2000-01-01

This paper represents a dialogue between tribal wilderness managers and researchers on the primary research needs of tribal wilderness in the United States and Canada. The authors identify a number of research priorities for tribal wildlands. The paper also discusses some major issues and challenges faced by researchers conducting research in areas that are culturally...

A Brighter Future for Rural America? Strategies for Communities and States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

John, DeWitt; And Others

This book outlines the competitive challenge facing rural America and discusses signs of hope for the rural economy. It reports some "secrets of success" in 16 rural farm belt counties that have gained employment while most rural areas are losing jobs. It also describes new state initiatives to help rural communities and lists operating…

The Definition, Assessment, and Mitigation of State Boredom within Educational Settings: A Comprehensive Review

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vogel-Walcutt, Jennifer J.; Fiorella, Logan; Carper, Teresa; Schatz, Sae

2012-01-01

Mitigating the situational factors that give rise to state boredom is a consistent challenge facing educators. Despite the growing amount of literature devoted to the construct, the field has yet to arrive at a consensus regarding a clear theoretical or operational definition. Subsequently, inconsistencies exist in the assessment methodologies,…

Leading Change: Transitioning to the Common Core

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brandt, Brian

2012-01-01

For many school districts in the United States, making the transition to the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) is proving to be a challenge at a time when they are already facing many obstacles, not the least of which is dwindling financial resources. A change of this magnitude cannot be made haphazardly; to be successful in its goal of helping…

Alabama High-Risk Youth Resource Directory. Tools for Prevention: Building Healthy Youths.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, Washington, DC. School Improvement Programs.

Like many other southern states, Alabama faces serious social and economic challenges. The 1993 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, undertaken to assess the prevalence of health-risk behaviors among students grades 9 through 12 across the United States, found that of all Alabama students: 18.2% reported that someone had offered, sold or given them illegal…

Changing Course in Jefferson City: Reevaluating a District Initiative to Convert Under-Enrolled Elementary Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lochmiller, Chad R.

2018-01-01

This case positions the reader as the superintendent of Jefferson City Public Schools (pseudonym). Like many urban school districts in the United States, Jefferson City faces a complex milieu of fiscal challenges attributed to inadequate state funding and declining student enrollment. Within this case, the superintendent must address the failing…

Blending State Social Studies Standards & World-Mindedness: Advice for Pre-Service Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cardenuto, Nancy E.

2015-01-01

Elementary teachers face the challenging task of meeting state curriculum standards while at the same time attempting to expand ideas that are inclusive of the wider world. True inquiry is "experienced when those involved [do] not know the answers that lay at the end of their exploration". Guiding children into true inquiry is difficult…

State of Science: ergonomics and global issues.

PubMed

Thatcher, Andrew; Waterson, Patrick; Todd, Andrew; Moray, Neville

2018-02-01

In his 1993 IEA keynote address, Neville Moray urged the ergonomics discipline to face up to the global problems facing humanity and consider how ergonomics might help find some of the solutions. In this State of Science article we critically evaluate what the ergonomics discipline has achieved in the last two and a half decades to help create a secure future for humanity. Moray's challenges for ergonomics included deriving a value structure that moves us beyond a Westernised view of worker-organisation-technology fit, taking a multidisciplinary approach which engages with other social and biological sciences, considering the gross cross-cultural factors that determine how different societies function, paying more attention to mindful consumption, and embracing the complexity of our interconnected world. This article takes a socio-historical approach by considering the factors that influence what has been achieved since Moray's keynote address. We conclude with our own set of predictions for the future and priorities for addressing the challenges that we are likely to face. Practitioner Summary: We critically reflect on what has been achieved by the ergonomics profession in addressing the global challenges raised by Moray's 1993 keynote address to the International Ergonomics Association. Apart from healthcare, the response has largely been weak and disorganised. We make suggestions for priority research and practice that is required to facilitate a sustainable future for humanity.

The United States Army Medical Department Journal. Force Health Protection April - June 2009

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-06-01

programs, and looking at the absolutely critical area of the health and well- being of behavioral health providers assigned to combatant commands. This...The July-September 2008 issue of the AMEDD Journal focused on behavioral and mental healthcare of our Soldiers as they face the demands and...challenges faced by behavioral health providers who accompany Army brigade combat teams into the combat theater. In their excellent, well-researched

A mechanistic-empirical approach for evaluating the effect of diamond grinding and thin overlay on predicted pavement performance.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-04-01

Advancements in pavement management practice require evaluating the performance of pavement preservation treatments using performance-related characteristics. However, state highway agencies face the challenge of developing performance-based relation...

The Legal Scene to Come: The Gray Nineties.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaplan, Rochelle K.

1990-01-01

Reviews legal challenges that employers are likely to face in the 1990s. Issues discussed include discriminatory recruiting, harassment, globalization and equal employment opportunity laws, wrongful discharge and drug testing, disabilities, family/work legislation, and state legislation. (TE)

Hydrologic Landscape Characterization for the Pacific Northwest, USA

EPA Science Inventory

Hydrologic classification can help address some of the challenges facing catchment hydrology. Wigington et al. (2013) developed a hydrologic landscape (HL) approach to classification that was applied to the state of Oregon. Several characteristics limited its applicability outs...

2016-2020 Strategic Plan - At-a-Glance

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

2015-12-01

Today, the United States is faced with a national imperative to address the enormous challenge presented by climate change and to seize upon the multi-trillion dollar economic opportunity that a transition to a global clean energy economy will provide.

The Impact of a School-Based Enterprise Program on the Achievement and Behavior of Special Education Students Attending High Schools in South Carolina

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pilot, Grover Cleve

2011-01-01

Our nation's K-12 schools are faced with numerous critical challenges that affect student achievement and consequently impact society. Key challenges, such as elevating academic achievement, meeting state and No Child Left Behind (NCLB) standards, high dropout rates, at-risk students, parental involvement, and the recruitment and retention of…

Taking on the Completion Challenge: A Literature Review on Policies to Prevent Dropout and Early School Leaving. OECD Education Working Papers, No. 53

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lyche, Cecilia S.

2010-01-01

This paper reviews international research in the field of dropout from upper secondary education and training in OECD countries in order to present possible solutions to policymakers faced with the completion challenge. The paper begins by presenting existing definitions of dropout and upper secondary completion and states that dropout must be…

Toward Impactful Collaborations on Computing and Mental Health

PubMed Central

Dinakar, Karthik; Picard, Rosalind; Christensen, Helen; Torous, John

2018-01-01

We describe an initiative to bring mental health researchers, computer scientists, human-computer interaction researchers, and other communities together to address the challenges of the global mental ill health epidemic. Two face-to-face events and one special issue of the Journal of Medical Internet Research were organized. The works presented in these events and publication reflect key state-of-the-art research in this interdisciplinary collaboration. We summarize the special issue articles and contextualize them to present a picture of the most recent research. In addition, we describe a series of collaborative activities held during the second symposium and where the community identified 5 challenges and their possible solutions. PMID:29426812

Challenge theme 2: assuring water availability and quality in the 21st century: Chapter 4 in United States-Mexican Borderlands: Facing tomorrow's challenges through USGS science

USGS Publications Warehouse

Callegary, James; Langeman, Jeff; Leenhouts, Jim; Martin, Peter

2013-01-01

Along the United States–Mexican border, the health of communities, economies, and ecosystems is inextricably intertwined with the availability and quality of water, but effective water management in the Borderlands is complicated. Water users compete for resources, and their needs are increasing. Managers are faced with issues such as finding a balance between agriculture and rapidly growing cities or maintaining public supplies while ensuring sufficient resources for aquatic ecosystems. In addition to human factors, the dry climate of the Borderlands, as compared to more temperate regions, also increases the challenge of balancing water supplies between humans and ecosystems. Warmer, drier, and more variable conditions across the southwestern United States—the projected results of climate change (Seager and others, 2007)—would further stress water supplies.

Academic Achievement and Classification of Students from the Freely Associated States in Guam Schools. REL 2017-260

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stewart, Joshua; Stringer, Katie; Arens, Sheila A.; Cicchinelli, Louis F.; San Nicolas, Heidi; Flores, Nieves

2017-01-01

Guam is home to the largest population of migrants from the Freely Associated States (FAS): the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau. FAS students made up 22 percent of total student enrollment in Guam public schools in 2012. FAS students face a number of challenges when they enter Guam…

Western United States Dams Challenges Faced, Options, and Opportunities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Raff, D.

2017-12-01

Water management in the Western United States relies significantly upon a fleet of small to very large engineered dams to store water during times of runoff and distribute that water during times of need. Much of this infrastructure is Federally owned and/or operated, and was designed and funded during the first half of the twentieth century through a complex set of repayment contracts for Federally authorized purposes addressing water supply, recreation, and hydropower, and other water management objectives. With environmental laws, namely the Endangered Species Act, and other environmental concerns taking a more active role in water resources in the mid to latter half of the twentieth century, this infrastructure is being stressed even greater than anticipated to provide authorized purposes. Additionally, weather and climate norms being experienced are certainly near the edges, if not outside, of anticipated variability in the climate and hydrology scenarios for which the infrastructure was designed. And, finally, these dams, economically designed for a lifespan of 50 - 100 years, are experiencing maintenance challenges from routine to significant. This presentation will focus on identifying some of the history and challenges facing the water infrastructure in the Western United States. Additionally, some perspectives on future paths to meet the needs of western irrigation and hydropower production will be provided.

48 CFR 1480.903 - Award in the face of challenge.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Award in the face of challenge. 1480.903 Section 1480.903 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR... Award in the face of challenge. (a) Award of a contract in the face of challenge may be made on the...

48 CFR 1480.903 - Award in the face of challenge.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Award in the face of challenge. 1480.903 Section 1480.903 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR... Award in the face of challenge. (a) Award of a contract in the face of challenge may be made on the...

Fusion of LBP and SWLD using spatio-spectral information for hyperspectral face recognition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xie, Zhihua; Jiang, Peng; Zhang, Shuai; Xiong, Jinquan

2018-01-01

Hyperspectral imaging, recording intrinsic spectral information of the skin cross different spectral bands, become an important issue for robust face recognition. However, the main challenges for hyperspectral face recognition are high data dimensionality, low signal to noise ratio and inter band misalignment. In this paper, hyperspectral face recognition based on LBP (Local binary pattern) and SWLD (Simplified Weber local descriptor) is proposed to extract discriminative local features from spatio-spectral fusion information. Firstly, the spatio-spectral fusion strategy based on statistical information is used to attain discriminative features of hyperspectral face images. Secondly, LBP is applied to extract the orientation of the fusion face edges. Thirdly, SWLD is proposed to encode the intensity information in hyperspectral images. Finally, we adopt a symmetric Kullback-Leibler distance to compute the encoded face images. The hyperspectral face recognition is tested on Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hyperspectral Face database (PolyUHSFD). Experimental results show that the proposed method has higher recognition rate (92.8%) than the state of the art hyperspectral face recognition algorithms.

State politics and the creation of health insurance exchanges.

PubMed

Jones, David K; Greer, Scott L

2013-08-01

Health insurance exchanges are a key component of the Affordable Care Act. Each exchange faces the challenge of minimizing friction with existing policies, coordinating churn between programs, and maximizing take-up. State-run exchanges would likely be better positioned to address these issues than a federally run exchange, yet only one third of states chose this path. Policymakers must ensure that their exchange-whether state or federally run-succeeds. Whether this happens will greatly depend on the political dynamics in each state.

State Politics and the Creation of Health Insurance Exchanges

PubMed Central

Greer, Scott L.

2013-01-01

Health insurance exchanges are a key component of the Affordable Care Act. Each exchange faces the challenge of minimizing friction with existing policies, coordinating churn between programs, and maximizing take-up. State-run exchanges would likely be better positioned to address these issues than a federally run exchange, yet only one third of states chose this path. Policymakers must ensure that their exchange—whether state or federally run—succeeds. Whether this happens will greatly depend on the political dynamics in each state. PMID:23763405

Horticulture

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murdock, Ashleigh Barbee, Ed.

2011-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Science and Technology in a Conserving Society.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Press, Frank

1979-01-01

The science and technology advisor to the President of the United States presents the challenges facing Americans today in the fields of science and technology. The major topics focused on are people and development, agriculture, biomass and bioconversion, and regulation. (SA)

Negotiating Implementation of High-Stakes Performance Assessment Policies in Teacher Education: From Compliance to Inquiry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peck, Charles A.; Gallucci, Chrysan; Sloan, Tine

2010-01-01

Teacher education programs in the United States face a variety of new accountability policies at both the federal and the state level. Many of these policies carry high-stakes implications for students and programs and involve some of the same challenges for implementation as they have in the P-12 arena. Serious dilemmas for teacher educators…

Fault Lines in Our Democracy: Civic Knowledge, Voting Behavior, and Civic Engagement in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coley, Richard J.; Sum, Andrew

2012-01-01

As the 21st century unfolds, the United States faces historic challenges, including a struggling economy, an aging infrastructure and global terrorism. Solutions will have to come from educated, skilled citizens who understand and believe in our democratic system and are civically engaged. This incisive new report examines these fault lines and…

Fault Lines in Our Democracy: Civic Knowledge, Voting Behavior, and Civic Engagement in the United States. Highlights

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coley, Richard J.; Sum, Andrew

2012-01-01

As the 21st century unfolds, the United States faces historic challenges, including a struggling economy, an aging infrastructure and global terrorism. Solutions will have to come from educated, skilled citizens who understand and believe in our democratic system and are civically engaged. This incisive new report examines these fault lines and…

Local Control: Fear or Fantasy. A Report of the New Jersey Education Reform Project.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fuhrman, Susan H.

Today local control over education seems to face the most serious challenge in its history. The movement to reform school finance raises the specter of the State assuming its formal consitutional powers and removing autonomy from the communities. Hence, it is argued, as the State takes over control of taxation and expenditures it will want to…

Fourth Amendment Update: The Supreme Court and Strip Searches--"Safford Unified School District No. 1 v Redding"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Russo, Charles J.

2008-01-01

In light of the dramatic increase in the presence of weapons, violence, drugs, and other contraband in schools, school officials in the United States and England face significant challenges as they seek to maintain safe and orderly learning environments. Almost twenty five years after the United States Supreme Court's 1985 ruling in "New…

A Financial Condition Indicator System for School Districts: A Case Study of New York

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ammar, Salwa; Duncombe, William; Jump, Bernard; Wright, Ronald

2005-01-01

State governments are in the midst of one of the most severe fiscal crises of the last half century. The magnitude of the fiscal challenges facing state and local governments highlights the importance of sound fiscal planning and access to key financial indicators. The objective of this article is to develop a financial condition indicator system…

Learning to Believe: Challenges in Children's Acquisition of a World-Picture in Wittgenstein's "On Certainty"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ariso, José María

2015-01-01

Wittgenstein scholars have tended to interpret the acquisition of certainties, and by extension, of a world-picture, as the achievement of a state in which these certainties are assimilated in a seemingly unconscious way as one masters language-games. However, it has not been stressed that the attainment of this state often involves facing a…

Climate-induced changes in vulnerability to biological threats in the southern United States

Treesearch

Rabiu Olatinwo; Qinfeng Guo; Songlin Fei; William Otrosina; Kier Klepzig; Douglas Streett

2014-01-01

Forest land managers face the challenges of preparing their forests for the impacts of climate change. However, climate change adds a new dimension to the task of developing and testing science-based management options to deal with the effects of stressors on forest ecosystems in the southern United States. The large spatial scale and complex interactions make...

America's Changing Attitudes toward Homosexuality, Civil Unions, and Same-Gender Marriage: 1977-2004

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Avery, Alison; Chase, Justin; Johansson, Linda; Litvak, Samantha; Montero, Darrel; Wydra, Michael

2007-01-01

On May 17, 2004, Massachusetts became the first state to legalize same-gender marriage. From California to Missouri, nearly all states now face legislative challenges to the once firmly entrenched notion that marriage can only exist between a man and a woman. Public opinion polls conducted from 1977 to 2004 found that Americans' attitudes toward…

Three Essays on the Impact of Cost-Saving Strategies on Student Outcomes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Xu, Di

2013-01-01

For two decades, state financing of higher education has been on the decline and the situation has exacerbated since the onset of the economic recession, where the US state systems have resorted to a substantial cut of funding for higher education. Faced with the challenges of limited resources for financial pressure and an increasing demand,…

Expanding Entrepreneurial Strategies to Increase Revenues: A Study of Three Distinctive Higher Education Institutions with Practical Application at a Community College

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kakar, Casandra Gwen

2011-01-01

Higher education institutions in the state of Arizona have experienced a reduction in government funding due to the economic challenges the state is facing combined with an ongoing national recession. Three higher education institutions studied are located in Phoenix, Arizona. The three higher education institutions are Phoenix College, Arizona…

Global survey of hospital pharmacy practice.

PubMed

Doloresco, Fred; Vermeulen, Lee C

2009-03-01

The current state of hospital pharmacy practice around the globe and key issues facing international hospital pharmacy practice were studied. This survey assessed multiple aspects of hospital pharmacy practice within each of the Member States recognized by the United Nations. An official respondent from each nation was identified by a structured nomination process. The survey instrument was developed; pilot tested; translated into English, French, and Spanish; and distributed in July 2007. The nature, scope, and breadth of hospital pharmacy practices in medication procurement, prescribing, preparation and distribution, administration, outcomes monitoring, and human resources and training were evaluated. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the responses. Eighty-five countries (44% of the 192 Member States) responded to the survey. The respondent sample of countries was representative of all nations in terms of population, geographic region, World Health Organization region, and level of economic development. In addition to qualifying the nature of hospital pharmacy practice, the survey highlighted numerous challenges facing the profession of pharmacy in the hospital setting around the globe, including access to medicines and adequately trained pharmacists. While the practice of hospital pharmacy differs from country to country, many nations face similar challenges, regardless of their population, location, or wealth. These survey results provide a basis for identifying opportunities for growth and development, as well as for international collaboration, to advance the profession of pharmacy and ensure that patients worldwide receive the care that they deserve.

From Online Student to Online Instructor: Assistive Strategies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McKnight, Jodi

2012-01-01

With the influx of online learning opportunities, online students and instructors are faced with a variety of challenges. Online students face the same challenges as do face-to-face learners, but by facing them in an online context, the interpretations of those challenges can lead to the success or failure of their overall educational experience.…

Pervious Concrete with Titanium Dioxide as a Photocatalyst Compound for a Greener Road Environment

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-11-11

With the rapid development in transportation related activities and the growth of population density in urban and metropolitan area, the United States is now facing significant challenges in controlling air pollution and the associated problems in hu...

Evaluating options for U.S. greenhouse-gas mitigation using multiple criteria

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-01-01

Choosing a set of policy responses to mitigate greenhouse gases (GHGs) responsible for climate change is one of the great challenges that the United States faces in the coming years. This paper develops a framework for evaluating GHG-mitigation polic...

Science of Agricultural Plants

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murdock, Ashleigh Barbee, Ed.

2010-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Long Term Agroecosystem Research Landing | National Agricultural Library

Science.gov Websites

Skip to main content Home National Agricultural Library United States Department of Agriculture Ag Agroecosystem Research Overview Agriculture faces tremendous challenges in meeting multiple, diverse societal > ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS filter EARTH SCIENCE > AGRICULTURE > SOILS (1) Apply EARTH

Concluding Thoughts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palmer, James C.

2014-01-01

Community college leaders face several fundamental challenges as they work on sustaining the fiscal viability of their institutions. These include the need to anticipate the unintended consequences of performance-based funding, diversify revenue streams in ways that reduce fiscal dependence on tuition and state appropriations, control costs, and…

Science of Agricultural Mechanization

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murdock, Ashleigh Barbee, Ed.

2010-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Repairing/strengthening of bridges with post-tensioned FRP materials and performance evaluation.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-09-01

One of the challenges that transportation agencies are facing is to keep bridges in good condition during their service life. : Numerous bridges are classified as structurally and/or functionally deficient in the country. In the state of Louisiana, 4...

Science of Agricultural Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murdock, Ashleigh Barbee, Ed.

2010-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Science of Agricultural Animals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murdock, Ashleigh Barbee, Ed.

2010-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Concepts of Agriscience

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murdock, Ashleigh Barbee

2010-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Closing the Gaps in Texas: The Critical Role of Community Colleges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bricker, Laurie

2008-01-01

This chapter examines the role of community college governance in a P-16 environment. The discussion focuses on development of the initiative, opportunities, and challenges faced in Texas and other states that have P-16 or P-20 systems.

Face Search at Scale.

PubMed

Wang, Dayong; Otto, Charles; Jain, Anil K

2017-06-01

Given the prevalence of social media websites, one challenge facing computer vision researchers is to devise methods to search for persons of interest among the billions of shared photos on these websites. Despite significant progress in face recognition, searching a large collection of unconstrained face images remains a difficult problem. To address this challenge, we propose a face search system which combines a fast search procedure, coupled with a state-of-the-art commercial off the shelf (COTS) matcher, in a cascaded framework. Given a probe face, we first filter the large gallery of photos to find the top- k most similar faces using features learned by a convolutional neural network. The k retrieved candidates are re-ranked by combining similarities based on deep features and those output by the COTS matcher. We evaluate the proposed face search system on a gallery containing 80 million web-downloaded face images. Experimental results demonstrate that while the deep features perform worse than the COTS matcher on a mugshot dataset (93.7 percent versus 98.6 percent TAR@FAR of 0.01 percent), fusing the deep features with the COTS matcher improves the overall performance ( 99.5 percent TAR@FAR of 0.01 percent). This shows that the learned deep features provide complementary information over representations used in state-of-the-art face matchers. On the unconstrained face image benchmarks, the performance of the learned deep features is competitive with reported accuracies. LFW database: 98.20 percent accuracy under the standard protocol and 88.03 percent TAR@FAR of 0.1 percent under the BLUFR protocol; IJB-A benchmark: 51.0 percent TAR@FAR of 0.1 percent (verification), rank 1 retrieval of 82.2 percent (closed-set search), 61.5 percent FNIR@FAR of 1 percent (open-set search). The proposed face search system offers an excellent trade-off between accuracy and scalability on galleries with millions of images. Additionally, in a face search experiment involving photos of the Tsarnaev brothers, convicted of the Boston Marathon bombing, the proposed cascade face search system could find the younger brother's (Dzhokhar Tsarnaev) photo at rank 1 in 1 second on a 5 M gallery and at rank 8 in 7 seconds on an 80 M gallery.

No Child Left Behind Act: States Face Challenges Measuring Academic Growth That Education's Initiatives May Help Address. Report to Congressional Requesters. GAO-06-661

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaul, Marnie S.

2006-01-01

The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLBA) requires that states improve academic performance so that all students reach proficiency in reading and math by 2014 and that achievement gaps close among student groups. States set annual proficiency targets using an approach known as a status model, which calculates test scores 1 year at a time. Some states…

And Poor Children Continue to Wait: An Analysis of Horizontal and Vertical Equity among North Carolina School Districts in the Face of Judicially Mandated Policy Restraints 1996-2006

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rolle, Anthony; Houck, Eric A.; McColl, Ann

2008-01-01

During the late 1990s, North Carolina's education finance mechanism--known as the Public School Fund (PSF)--was challenged in a series of litigation known as "Leandro v. State of North Carolina". Though the State Supreme Court's analyses left the state's finance mechanism unchanged, there remains to date no systematic evaluation of the…

The chronic kidney disease epidemic: a challenge for nephrology training programs.

PubMed

Kohan, Donald E; Rosenberg, Mark E

2009-09-01

A major challenge facing the nephrology community in the United States is the training of adequate numbers of nephrologists to meet patient care and research needs. There is particular cause for concern because of the increasing incidence and prevalence of patients with chronic kidney disease. Data on the clinical and research nephrology workforce are incomplete or absent. However, the number of such individuals likely is inadequate to meet current and projected needs. To solve these workforce shortages, significant issues with regard to clinical and research training need to be addressed. These include funding of fellowship training, increasing the pipeline of medical students and internal medicine residents, and enhancing interest in nephrology among international and particularly US medical graduates. This review discusses these challenges facing the renal community, with emphasis on the care, prevention, and treatment of chronic kidney disease, and identifies potential pathways to developing solutions.

FY 2002 Report on Software Visualization Techniques for IV and V

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fotta, Michael E.

2002-01-01

One of the major challenges software engineers often face in performing IV&V is developing an understanding of a system created by a development team they have not been part of. As budgets shrink and software increases in complexity, this challenge will become even greater as these software engineers face increased time and resource constraints. This research will determine which current aspects of providing this understanding (e.g., code inspections, use of control graphs, use of adjacency matrices, requirements traceability) are critical to the performing IV&V and amenable to visualization techniques. We will then develop state-of-the-art software visualization techniques to facilitate the use of these aspects to understand software and perform IV&V.

Polymer Science. Program CIP: 15.0607

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Research and Curriculum Unit, 2010

2010-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Enhancing and evaluating researcher performance : WisDOT RD&T peer, May 18-20, 2010.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-05-01

The peer exchange covered a range of topics related to measuring and improving researcher : performance. On the first day, state panel participants provided overviews of their programs and the : challenges they face in keeping the quality of research...

Globalization, Education, and Citizenship: Solidarity versus Markets?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Torres, Carlos Alberto

2002-01-01

Suggests that globalization places limits on state autonomy and national sovereignty, affecting education in various ways. Educational policy and its contributions to citizenship, democracy, and multiculturalism will face unprecedented challenges if the logic of fear, exacerbated by the events of September 11, 2001 prevails. (Author/SLD)

Pediatric PHO requires strong heart, good partner.

PubMed

1997-05-01

As states convert Medicaid into managed care, pediatric PHOs must change their operating dynamics to meet the challenges and take advantage of the emerging opportunities. One of the biggest questions these PHOs face is whether to start their own HMOs and risk alienating existing payers.

Enhancing Kentucky's transportation funding capacity : a review of six innovative financing options.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-06-01

Kentucky faces several challenges in meeting the funding needs for its transportation infrastructure. The state currently relies on a revenue stream based on road user taxes and fees. However, the structure of these taxes and fees are such that reven...

Marketing. Program CIP: Marketing: 52.1801

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murdock, Ashleigh Barbee, Ed.

2008-01-01

Secondary career-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Engineering. Program CIP: 14.1901

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Agee, Kelly, Ed.

2009-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Benchmarking the FCI at Illinois State's Residential Life.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cain, David A.

1998-01-01

Describes how Office of Residential Life at one university met maintenance challenges facing its residential and food-service facilities. Discusses study conducted in 1992 to evaluate widespread management practices and addresses its findings, including six recommended practices. Examines development and implementation of facilities audit,…

Repairing/strengthening of bridges with post-tensioned FRP materials and performance evaluation : [tech summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-09-01

One of the challenges that transportation agencies are facing is keeping bridges in good condition during their : service life. Numerous bridges are classi ed as structurally and/or functionally de cient in the country. In the : state of Louisi...

Nationwide examples of state and local funds for mass transit : final report, December 2008.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-12-04

One of the transportation challenges facing Texas is the identification of adequate funding for : mobility projects. During the 80th Texas Legislature, several proposals were made to address : mass transit funding for the metropolitan areas of the st...

Health Sciences. Program CIP: 51.0000

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murdock, Ashleigh, Ed.

2007-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

The Faculty Costs to Educate a Biomedical Sciences Graduate Student

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smolka, Adam J.; Halushka, Perry V.; Garrett-Mayer, Elizabeth

2015-01-01

Academic medical centers nationwide face numerous fiscal challenges resulting from implementation of restructured healthcare delivery models, contracting state support for higher education, and increased competition for federal and other sources of biomedical research funding. In pursuing greater accountability and transparency in its fiscal…

Progress in the mechanization of mating disruption deployment

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The American Cranberry, Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton (Ericaceae) is the most important fruit crop in Wisconsin, accounting for almost 85% of the states total value of fruit production. A challenge faced by cranberry growers is managing for insect pests that cause economic damage. Presently, growers u...

Legal issues affecting children with preexisting conditions during public health emergencies.

PubMed

Rutkow, Lainie; Vernick, Jon S; Wissow, Lawrence S; Tung, Gregory J; Marum, Felicity; Barnett, Daniel J

2013-06-01

Among the millions of children in the United States exposed to public health emergencies in recent years, those with preexisting health conditions face particular challenges. A public health emergency may, for example, disrupt treatment regimens or cause children to be separated from caregivers. Ongoing shortages of pediatricians and pediatric subspecialists may further exacerbate the risks that children with preexisting conditions face in disaster circumstances. The US Department of Homeland Security recently called for better integration of children's needs into all preparedness activities. To aid in this process, multiple legal concerns relevant to pediatricians and pediatric policymakers must be identified and addressed. Obtaining informed consent from children and parents may be particularly challenging during certain public health emergencies. States may need to invoke legal protections for children who are separated from caregivers during emergencies. Maintaining access to prescription medications may also require pediatricians to use specific legal mechanisms. In addition to practitioners, recommendations are given for policymakers to promote effective pediatric response to public health emergencies.

Home-based care for people living with HIV/AIDS in Plateau State, Nigeria: findings from qualitative study.

PubMed

Agbonyitor, M

2009-01-01

As health-care services in Nigeria and other African countries are becoming overstrained with patients, home-based care has increasingly been touted as a possible solution. The faith-based organisation, Gospel Health and Development Services, provides a home-based care programme for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) residing in Plateau State, Nigeria. This paper assesses the challenges that PLWHA in the programme faced while maintaining their health and livelihoods. The frustrations that volunteers endured in performing their work are also described, as well as the benefits and weaknesses of the programme from the perspective of PLWHA and their volunteer caregivers. Focus groups and interviews were done with 30 PLWHA and 22 volunteers to learn about their experiences with the home-based care programme and possible areas for its improvement. From these discussions three major challenges facing PLWHA emerged: discrimination towards PLWHA; the lack of money, food, and transport to health-care centres; and the desire for closer antiretroviral drug access.

Ex Situ gene conservation in high elevation white pine species in the United States-a beginning

Treesearch

Richard A. Sniezko; Anna Schoettle; Joan Dunlap; Detlev Vogler; David Conklin; Andrew Bower; Chris Jensen; Rob Mangold; Doug Daoust; Gary Man

2011-01-01

The eight white pine species native to the western United States face an array of biotic and abiotic challenges that impact the viability of populations or the species themselves. Well-established programs are already in place to conserve and restore Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don and P. lambertiana Dougl. throughout significant portions of their geographic ranges....

Investing in Wisconsin's Future: A Proposal for a State Higher Education Nest Egg Program. WISCAPE Viewpoints

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winters, Dennis

2010-01-01

Wisconsin will face serious challenges in the coming decades if it fails to increase the size and quality of the state workforce talent pool. One potential solution is a "Higher Ed Nest Egg Program", which would put $1,000 per student per year into an account with the sole purpose that the funds be used for postsecondary education in…

New Challenges, New Mindsets, New Disciplines: Transforming the SEA into a Modern Performance Organization. Solutions. Issue No. 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gross, Betheny; Jochim, Ashley; Nafziger, Dean

2013-01-01

State education agencies (SEAs) are under fire and face new expectations from all sides. The federal government, state legislatures and governors, and citizens themselves are calling upon the SEA to do "more"--more to improve outcomes for students, more to close the achievement gap, and more to meet the diverse instructional needs of students.…

Lessons from State Performance on NAEP: Why Some High-Poverty Students Score Better than Others

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boser, Ulrich; Brown, Catherine

2016-01-01

Students from low-income backgrounds face a variety of social and economic challenges that make it more difficult for them to achieve their potential. 2 To make matters worse, low-income students often attend public schools that receive less funding than schools serving more affluent students. It is also clear that some states do a far better job…

Haunted by Math: The Impact of Policy and Practice on Students with Math Learning Disabilities in the Transition to Post-Secondary Education in Mumbai, India

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eichhorn, Melinda S.

2016-01-01

Only six states in India currently identify learning disabilities as a category of disability. This article highlights the challenges students with math learning disabilities face in their transition from secondary school to higher secondary education and Bachelor of Commerce degree programs in the state of Maharashtra. While the current…

Culturally Responsive School Improvement Planning for the Elementary School: A Framework for Justifying Culturally Responsive Pedagogy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rose, Crissy L.

2014-01-01

Silver Run Elementary School in the Millville Public School District is facing a major challenge. Last year's New Jersey State standardize test scores suggested a considerable gap in achievement in special education and African American populations. As a result, Silver Run School has been labeled a Focus School by the State of New Jersey. To meet…

Challenges Faced by African International Students at a Metropolitan Research University: A Phenomenological Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evivie, Loretta Gbemudu

2009-01-01

The number of international students coming to the United States has increased from 48,486 in 1959-1960 to 623,805 in the 2007-2008 academic years (Open Doors, 2008). These students contributed $15.5 billion to the United States economy, making education the nation's fifth largest service export (Open Doors, 2008). The literature has focused on…

The Evolution and Utility of the Burn Specific Health Scale: A Systematic Review

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

burn survivors facing substantial long-term rehabilitation and life-long physical, social and psychological challenges. A burn is one of the most...as functional, emotional, and social readjustment [5]. Sudden and serious burn precipitates cognitive and emotional challenges that affect the course...state of complete physical, mental and social well- being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity’’ [11]. More recently, there is agreement

Postdoctoral training in clinical neuropsychology in America: how did we get here and where do recent applicants suggest we go next?

PubMed

Bodin, Doug; Butts, Alissa M; Grote, Christopher L

2016-11-01

The United States appears to be the only country which typically requires completion of a two-year postdoctoral fellowship for one to be considered competent to practice clinical neuropsychology. We review the history of how this came to be in the United States. Further, we describe obstacles that postdoctoral trainees face during this stage of training. We first describe the most significant events leading to the requirement of a two-year fellowship in clinical neuropsychology. Next, we describe factors that trainees face when selecting and completing postdoctoral training. Finally, we review the results of the most recent annual survey of applicants for postdoctoral training to measure their experiences. Postdoctoral training in the United States is a relatively recent requirement in neuropsychology. Trainees face many obstacles when obtaining a postdoctoral position some of which can be addressed by the field. Training in Clinical Neuropsychology in the United States has evolved considerably over at least the last 45 or so years to the point that a two-year postdoctoral fellowship is now required for one to be a candidate for board certification through the American Board of Clinical Neuropsychology. We review many of the challenges that postdoctoral trainees face and provide survey data to describe their experiences and preferences.

Validation of the Chinese Challenging Behaviour Scale: clinical correlates of challenging behaviours in nursing home residents with dementia.

PubMed

Lam, Chi Leung; Chan, W C; Mok, Cycbie C M; Li, S W; Lam, Linda C W

2006-08-01

Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are associated with considerable burden to patients with dementia and their caregivers. Formal caregivers in residential care settings face different challenges when delivering care. This study aimed at assessing the clinical correlates of challenging BPSD using the Chinese version of the Challenging Behaviour Scale (CCBS) designed for residential care settings. One hundred and twenty-five participants were recruited from three care-and-attention homes in Hong Kong. The CCBS was administered together with the Cantonese version of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), Disability Assessment for Dementia (DAD) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) to explore the relationships between challenging behaviour and important clinical correlates. The CCBS had good internal consistency (alpha = 0.86), inter-rater (ICC = 0.79) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.98). A four-factor structure is demonstrated by factor analysis: hyperactivity behaviours, hypoactivity behaviours, verbally aggressive and aberrant behaviours. Challenging behaviours were associated with male gender, cognitive impairment, functional disability, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and higher caregiver's workload. The CCBS is a valid and reliable measure to assess BPSD in residential care settings in local Chinese community. It is useful in evaluating the challenges faced by formal caregivers during daily care of the dementia patients.

Toleration and the Design of Norms.

PubMed

Floridi, Luciano

2015-10-01

One of the pressing challenges we face today-in a post-Westphalian order (emergence of the state as the modern, political information agent) and post-Bretton Woods world (emergence of non-state multiagent systems or MASs as "hyperhistorical" players in the global economy and politics)-is how to design the right kind of MAS that can take full advantage of the socio-economic and political progress made so far, while dealing successfully with the new global challenges that are undermining the best legacy of that very progress. This is the topic of the article. In it, I argue that (i) in order to design the right kind of MAS, we need to design the right kind of norms that constitute them; (ii) in order to design the right kind of constitutive norms, we need to identify and adopt the right kind of principles of normative design; (iii) toleration is one of those principles; (iv) unfortunately, its role as a foundation for the design of norms has been undermined by the "paradox of toleration"; (v) however, the paradox can be solved; (vi) so toleration can be re-instated as the right kind of foundational principle for the design of the right kind of norms that can constitute the right kind of MAS that can operate across cultures, societies and states, to help us to tackle the new global challenges facing us.

Using Models to Enhance Exposure Characterization for Air Pollution Health Studies

EPA Science Inventory

The United States and the United Kingdom are faced with increasing challenges in determining the human health impact of air pollutants emitted locally. Often, these pollutants can be toxic at relatively low doses, are highly reactive, or generate large gradients across space beca...

Business Fundamentals. Program CIP: Business Fundamentals: 52.0101

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murdock, Ashleigh Barbee, Ed.

2008-01-01

Secondary career-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

U.S. Customs Service : better targeting of airline passengers for personal searches could produce better results

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-03-01

The Customs Service faces a major challenge in effectively carrying out its drug interdiction and trade enforcement missions while facilitating the flow of cargo and persons into the United States. To carry out its mission, Customs inspectors are aut...

Diesel Service Technician. Program CIP: 47.0605

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Agee, Kelly, Ed.

2010-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Automotive Service Technician. Program CIP: 47.0604 - Transportation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Agee, Kelly, Ed.

2008-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Multiculturalism: Examining the Politics of Recognition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Charles; And Others

This volume focuses on the challenge of multiculturalism and the politics of recognition facing democratic societies today, concentrating on the United States and Canada in particular. The initial inquiry by Charles Taylor considers whether the institutions of liberal democratic government make room for, or even should accommodate, recognizing the…

Industrial Maintenance. Program CIP: 47.0303 - Industrial Maintenance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Research and Curriculum Unit, 2009

2009-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Culinary Arts. Program CIP: 12.0500-Culinary Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murdock, Ashleigh, Ed.

2008-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Welding Technology. Program CIP: 48.0508 - WELDING

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ferguson, Doug

2010-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Simulation and Animation Design. Program CIP: 50.0411

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murdock, Ashleigh Barbee, Ed.

2010-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Early Childhood Education. Program CIP: 19.0709

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murdock, Ashleigh Barbee, Ed.

2010-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Installation and Service: HVAC. Program CIP: 47.0201

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Research and Curriculum Unit, 2009

2009-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

A Study of Arkansas Prison Inmates Concerning Occupational Training.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nichols, Jack D.

Meaningful participation in a technological society requires increasingly complex skills. A previous study (1966) revealed no job openings for 79 occupational programs offered by state and federal prisons, indicating that correctional institutions face a particular challenge in providing relevant occupational education for the rehabilitation of…

Adult Learning Innovations: Vehicles for Social and Economic Progress.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hilton, William J.

The cost-effective use of communications technologies to extend adult learning opportunities is one way state policymakers can face the challenge of responding to growing demands for essential public services. The major new educational technologies that are available are television, radio, telephone, computers, communications satellites, and…

Management. Program CIP: Business Management: 52.0204

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murdock, Ashleigh Barbee, Ed.

2008-01-01

Secondary career-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Examining long-distance express buses as an extension of and feeder to passenger rail systems.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-03-01

One of the mobility challenges facing Texas and other high-population states in the coming years is the : rising travel demand along major intercity travel corridors. Increased passenger rail service may help to : absorb some of the travel demand fro...

The Human Face as a Dynamic Tool for Social Communication.

PubMed

Jack, Rachael E; Schyns, Philippe G

2015-07-20

As a highly social species, humans frequently exchange social information to support almost all facets of life. One of the richest and most powerful tools in social communication is the face, from which observers can quickly and easily make a number of inferences - about identity, gender, sex, age, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, physical health, attractiveness, emotional state, personality traits, pain or physical pleasure, deception, and even social status. With the advent of the digital economy, increasing globalization and cultural integration, understanding precisely which face information supports social communication and which produces misunderstanding is central to the evolving needs of modern society (for example, in the design of socially interactive digital avatars and companion robots). Doing so is challenging, however, because the face can be thought of as comprising a high-dimensional, dynamic information space, and this impacts cognitive science and neuroimaging, and their broader applications in the digital economy. New opportunities to address this challenge are arising from the development of new methods and technologies, coupled with the emergence of a modern scientific culture that embraces cross-disciplinary approaches. Here, we briefly review one such approach that combines state-of-the-art computer graphics, psychophysics and vision science, cultural psychology and social cognition, and highlight the main knowledge advances it has generated. In the light of current developments, we provide a vision of the future directions in the field of human facial communication within and across cultures. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Challenges for the aircraft structural integrity program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lincoln, John W.

1994-01-01

Thirty-six years ago the United States Air Force established the USAF Aircraft Structural Integrity Program (ASIP) because flight safety had been degraded by fatigue failures of operational aircraft. This initial program evolved, but has been stable since the issuance of MIL-STD-1530A in 1975. Today, the program faces new challenges because of a need to maintain aircraft longer in an environment of reduced funding levels. Also, there is increased pressure to reduce cost of the acquisition of new aircraft. It is the purpose of this paper to discuss the challenges for the ASIP and identify the changes in the program that will meet these challenges in the future.

Assessment of Institutional and Personnel-Related Challenges Facing Educational Programme for the Mentally Challenged Persons at Kaimosi Special School, Kenya

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mmbwanga, Daniel M.; Matemba, Collins K.; Bota, Kennedy N.

2015-01-01

The mentally challenged child (MC) can achieve a lot if the right environment and curriculum are designed for him/her. However, the realization of the desirable outcomes faces many challenges. The objective of the study was to examine institutional and personnel-related challenges facing education programs for the MC persons at Kaimosi Special…

Space Station propulsion electrolysis system - 'A technology challenge'

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Le, Michael

1989-01-01

The Space Station propulsion system will utilize a water electrolysis system to produce the required eight-to-one ratio of gaseous hydrogen and oxygen propellants. This paper summarizes the state of the art in water electrolysis technologies and the supporting development programs at the NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. Preliminary proof of concept test data from a fully integrated propulsion testbed are discussed. The technical challenges facing the development of the high-pressure water electrolysis system are discussed.

Challenges to the New Republic: Prelude to the War of 1812. Public Policy Debate in the Classroom. Choices for the 21st Century Education Project. [Student Guidebook and] Teacher's Resource Book.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kampmeier, Scott

This 4-day curriculum unit explores U.S. foreign policy between 1787 and 1812. During this time the United States faced a series of foreign policy challenges that threatened its survival as an independent, constitutional republic. Between 1793 and 1815, a nearly continuous series of wars pitting the French against the British engulfed the European…

The Relationship of Role-Based, Task-Based, Boundary-Spanning, and Conflict-Mediating Stress Experienced by New York State Special Education Administrators and Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal Accomplishment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ambrosini, MaryAnn

2013-01-01

Given the challenges faced in ensuring the needs of students with disabilities are met in the midst of fiscal constraints, increasing litigation, meeting adequate yearly progress and compliance with State regulations, special education administrators are more at risk for burnout than ever before. Burnout is characterized by a high degree of…

Role of E-Payment System in Promoting Accountability in Government Ministries as Perceived by Accounting Education Graduates and Accountants in Ministry of Finance of Ebonyi State

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Azih, Nonye; Nwagwu, Lazarus

2015-01-01

This paper identified the role of electronic payment system in promoting accountability in government ministries as well as the challenges facing the implementation of e-payment in government ministries in Ebonyi State. The study was guided by two research questions and two hypotheses. The population of the study comprised of 112 accountants as…

Building Public Governing Board Capacity: Suggestions and Recommendations to Governors and State Legislatures for Improving the Selection and Composition of Public College and University Board Members. AGB State Policy Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges, 2013

2013-01-01

The challenges facing public higher education are placing new demands and pressures on colleges and universities and those responsible for their governance and leadership. As higher education seeks to negotiate these and other 21st-century changes, the role of its "guardians" in stimulating change, supporting purposeful leadership, and…

The Louisiana Teacher Assault Pay Statute: An Analysis of Court Decisions Interpreting the Statute and a Comparative Study of Teacher Assault Pay Statutes in Other States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wright, Michael W.

2017-01-01

Municipalities, administrators, and teachers have faced the challenge of school violence since public education began. In some states, legislatures have passed special legislation granting specific benefits to teachers who are injured by violence while on duty. Louisiana's teacher assault pay statute provides that a teacher who is away from work…

Strategies and Resources for Enhancing the Achievement of Mobile Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Titus, Dale N.

2007-01-01

Because studies reveal a relationship between high student mobility and low academic achievement, school administrators are faced with the challenge of raising academic achievement in an era of increased student mobility. Wide variations in state requirements create additional difficulties for mobile students, who tend to be disadvantaged in other…

The Sociocultural Context of English Language Teaching in the Gulf.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Syed, Zafar

2003-01-01

Discusses the challenges faced by English-as-a-Foreign-Language teachers in the Arabian Gulf. Seeks to identify structural and contextual issues that have contributed to the present state of language education there. Focuses on four central contributing aspects; contextual framework, human resource development, systems and standards, and research…

Developing Technical Skill Assessments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hyslop, Alisha

2009-01-01

One of the biggest challenges facing the career and technical education (CTE) community as it works to implement the 2006 Perkins Act is responding to more rigorous requirements for reporting on CTE students' technical skill attainment. The U.S. Department of Education suggested in non-regulatory guidance that states and locals use the number of…

Academic Futures: Prospects for Post-Secondary Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shere, Waris, Ed.; Duhamel, Ronald, Ed.

Present trends and future directions in postsecondary education in Canada and the United States are addressed in 15 essays and an introduction by Ron Duhamel. Authors and titles are as follows: "Traditional Values in the Contemporary University" (Robin H. Farquhar); "Facing the Future" (R. J. Duhamel); "Challenges to the…

Positive Deviance: First Generation Latino College Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Castaneda-Flores, Erika

2013-01-01

First generation Latino college students are under-performing and continue to have the lowest levels of educational attainment relative to other groups in the United States. This study utilized a positive deviance theoretical framework to uncover the challenges faced by first generation college students, as well as the strategies used to achieve…

Promoting U.S. Census Data in an Academic Environment: Opportunities and Challenges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ragains, Patrick

1995-01-01

Discusses efforts at the Montana State University (Bozeman) library to promote use of census data. Describes instructional sessions, and budgetary and service issues faced by depository libraries providing access to census data in electronic formats. Also includes copies of handouts from the instructional sessions. (Author/AEF)

School Choice Acceptance: An Exploratory Explication

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koven, Steven G.; Khan, Mobin

2014-01-01

School choice is presented by some as a panacea to the challenges facing education in the United States. Acceptance of choice as a solution, however, is far from universal. This article examines two possible contributors to choice adoption: ideology and political culture. Political culture was found to better explain the complex phenomenon of…

Video-Based Affect Detection in Noninteractive Learning Environments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chen, Yuxuan; Bosch, Nigel; D'Mello, Sidney

2015-01-01

The current paper explores possible solutions to the problem of detecting affective states from facial expressions during text/diagram comprehension, a context devoid of interactive events that can be used to infer affect. These data present an interesting challenge for face-based affect detection because likely locations of affective facial…

A Design to Implement the Statewide Business Education Review Committee Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New York State Education Dept., Albany. Bureau of Business Education.

This report is designed to acquaint secondary school teachers and other interested individuals with a redesigned business education program for New York state. The program, reviewed in ten sections, focuses on competency identification, new modules, curriculum patterns, regent's examination modifications, etc. Initially, challenges facing business…

Understanding Effective Program Improvement Schools through a Distributed Leadership Task Context Model

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gipson, Frances Marie

2012-01-01

Federal, state, and local agencies face challenges organizing resources that create the conditions necessary to create, sustain, and replicate effective high performing schools. Knowing that leadership does impact achievement outcomes and that school districts tackle growing numbers of sanctioned Program Improvement schools, a distributed…

Women's Health USA, 2003.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Health Resources and Services Administration (DHHS/PHS), Rockville, MD. Bureau of Maternal and Child Health and Resources Development.

This book provides a collection of current and historical data on some of the most pressing health challenges facing women, their families, and their communities. It is intended to be a concise reference for policymakers and program managers at the federal, state, and local levels. The book brings together the latest available data from various…

Pensions under Pressure: Charter Innovation in Teacher Retirement Benefits

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Podgursky, Michael; Aud Pendergrass, Susan; Hesla, Kevin

2018-01-01

Public school districts are facing twin challenges: maintaining a labor supply of qualified teachers while shoring up the deteriorating system that compensates them. Keeping public-school teachers' pensions plans flush is expensive, and it accounts for a growing share of education spending. In some states, public charter schools provide an…

Qualitative Planning: Beyond the Numbers Game.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palola, Ernest G.; And Others

Higher education is facing unprecedented challenge and change in the form of 3 major crises: the "quantitative crisis" of rapid growth induced by a new commitment to universal higher education, the fiscal crisis brought about by greatly increased demands for state and local revenues to support higher education, and the "qualitative…

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Coddington, M.; Fox, K.; Stanfield, S.

Federal and state regulators are faced with the challenge of keeping interconnection procedures updated against a backdrop of evolving technology, new codes and standards, and considerably transformed market conditions. This report is intended to educate policymakers and stakeholders on beneficial reforms that will keep interconnection processes efficient and cost-effective while maintaining a safe and reliable power system.

Wake Up Call: Pregnant and Parenting Teens with Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Karen H.; Woolcock-Henry, Constance O.; Domenico, Desirae M.

2005-01-01

Pregnancy among all teenagers is a major challenge facing the United States. A literature review indicated little research on the incidences of pregnancy and parenting among teenagers with disabilities, similarities and differences in their educational needs when compared to their non-disabled peers, and how programs address their specific…

Higher Expectations: Essays on the Future of Postsecondary Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Governors' Association, Washington, DC. Center for Best Practices.

The essays in this collection were commissioned to launch an initiative focusing on state policies to respond to the challenges facing higher education in the new century. The initiative will engage governors and their key advisors in three priorities: increasing student access, learning, and degree attainment; building and sustaining seamless…

A Portable Bioinformatics Course for Upper-Division Undergraduate Curriculum in Sciences

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Floraino, Wely B.

2008-01-01

This article discusses the challenges that bioinformatics education is facing and describes a bioinformatics course that is successfully taught at the California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, to the fourth year undergraduate students in biological sciences, chemistry, and computer science. Information on lecture and computer practice…

Promoting School Connectedness among Minority Youth through Experience-Based Urban Farming

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fifolt, Matthew; Morgan, Amy Ferguson; Burgess, Zoe Ripple

2018-01-01

Background: The public education system in the United States faces significant challenges in understanding and addressing issues of student disengagement among high-poverty youth in urban centers. Academic and community leaders are encouraged to seek new and innovative strategies to engage students in meaningful learning experiences that promote…

Assessing the State of Healthcare: Connecting Today's Priorities to Tomorrow's Promise

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jarvis, William F.

2013-01-01

Nonprofit healthcare organizations are confronting an unprecedented series of challenges as they strive to maintain positive operating margins in the face of declining reimbursement from insurance companies and governmental payers. The crisis is particularly acute at smaller and mid-sized organizations. Having played a major role in their…

Turnaround: Leading Stressed Colleges and Universities to Excellence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, James; Samels, James E.

2008-01-01

Nearly one thousand colleges and universities in the United States face major challenges--from catastrophic hurricanes to loss of accreditation to sagging enrollment. What can leaders of such at-risk institutions do to improve their situation? "Turnaround" gives college and university leaders the tools they need to put their fragile institutions…

The Impact of University Religious Affiliation on Presidential Leadership Practices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Savior, Richard David

2014-01-01

Colleges and universities in the United States face a set of significant and progressive challenges requiring exemplary senior leadership. The purpose of this study was to measure and analyze the senior leadership practices at private/secular and private/religious affiliated colleges and universities to identify differences in leadership practices…

Organic Research Activities of the USDA’s Agricultural Research Service

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Organic research is a vital and ongoing part of the overall ARS research portfolio and occurs at approximately 20 % of ARS research locations across the United States. The vision for ARS organic agriculture research is to help the organic industry overcome the challenges it faces related to producti...

Health Policy and the Community Safety Net for Individuals with Intellectual Disability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pollack, Harold A.

2011-01-01

This article explores social policy developments in the arena of intellectual and developmental disabilities. It begins by summarizing the challenges facing persons with intellectual disabilities and their caregivers in 1945. Families depended on a patchwork of over-crowded and under-funded large state institutions. Children with intellectual…

Recommending a Nursing-Specific Passing Standard for the IELTS Examination

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Neill, Thomas R.; Buckendahl, Chad W.; Plake, Barbara S.; Taylor, Lynda

2007-01-01

Licensure testing programs in the United States (e.g., nursing) face an increasing challenge of measuring the competency of internationally trained candidates, both in relation to their clinical competence and their English language competence. To assist with the latter, professional licensing bodies often adopt well-established and widely…

The synergistic effects of almond protection fungicides on honey bee (Apis mellifera) forager survival

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The honey bee (Apis mellifera) contributes approximately $17 billion annually in pollination services performed for major agricultural crops in the United States including almond, which is completely dependent on honey bee pollination for nut set. Almond growers face challenges to crop productivity ...

Integrated bird conservation web site in the United States

Treesearch

Roxanne Bogart; Chris Eberly; Elizabeth Martin

2005-01-01

In working towards a vision of integrated bird conservation, scientists, conservationists, land managers, and administrators are faced with a variety of scientific, managerial, administrative, and logistical challenges and complexities. The broad scope of integrated bird conservation requires organizations to work together to conserve birds across taxonomic groups,...

Professional Development Needs of Beginning Agricultural Education Teachers in Idaho

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Touchstone, Allison J. L.

2015-01-01

The continuing shortage of agricultural education instructors has been documented across the state and nation. Secondary instructor retention may help reduce the shortage and position changes each year. Identifying the challenges facing beginning teachers as perceived by beginning teachers, veteran teachers, and building administrators can help…

Jamaica: Background and U.S. Relations

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-07-09

8 Criminal Deportees ...that it would fast-track several anti-crime and anti-gang measures. Criminal Deportees The deportation of Caribbean citizens from the United States at...times has been a thorny issue in U.S. relations with the region, with challenges centered on criminal deportees and social stigma faced by the

Understanding Evolution: An Evolution Website for Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scotchmoor, Judy; Janulaw, Al

2005-01-01

While many states are facing challenges to the teaching of evolution in their science classrooms, the University of California Museum of Paleontology, working with the National Center for Science Education, has developed a useful web-based resource for science teachers of all grade- and experience-levels. Understanding Evolution (UE) was developed…

American Universities in a Global Market

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clotfelter, Charles T., Ed.

2010-01-01

In higher education, the United States is the preeminent global leader, dominating the list of the world's top research universities. But there are signs that America's position of global leadership will face challenges in the future, as it has in other realms of international competition. "American Universities in a Global Market"…

Building Intercultural Citizenship through Education: A Human Rights Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stavenhagen, Rodolfo

2008-01-01

This article analyses the challenges posed by traditional ethnic and linguistic minorities in multicultural states and more specifically the problems faced by indigenous peoples and communities. Their educational and cultural needs and demands are increasingly being framed in the language of human rights, based on the expanding international legal…

Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology in the New Millennium: A Workshop for Academia, Industry, and Government

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Deveaugh-Geiss, Joseph; March, John; Shapiro, Mark; Andreason, Paul J.; Emslie, Graham; Ford, Lisa M.; Greenhill, Laurence; Murphy, Dianne; Prentice, Ernest; Roberts, Rosemary; Silva, Susan; Swanson, James M.; van Zwieten-Boot, Barbara; Vitiello, Benedetto; Wagner, Karen Dineen; Mangum, Barry

2006-01-01

Objective: To give academic researchers, government officials, and industry scientists an opportunity to assess the state of pediatric psychopharmacology and identify challenges facing professionals in the field. Method: Increased federal spending and the introduction of pediatric exclusivity led to large increases in pediatric psychopharmacology…

Young Once, Indian Forever: Youth Gangs in Indian Country

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bell, James; Lim, Nicole

2005-01-01

Not unlike mainstream society of the United States, Indian Country faces new challenges regarding the values, mores, and behavior of its young people. Since their first encounters with European explorers, American Indians have fought to preserve their culture and traditions. Federal policies that addressed the "Indian problem" by…

2005 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Masonry. (Program CIP: 46.0101 - Mason/Masonry)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, Milton; Harris, Chester; Richards, Toney; Smith, Allen; Weatherly, Ronald; Weeks, W. D.

2005-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Business and Technology Educators: Practices for Inclusion

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Donne, Vicki; Hansen, Mary A.

2013-01-01

Business educators face the challenge of operationalizing the global converging initiatives of technology integration and inclusion of students with a disability in K-12 education. A survey of business educators was conducted to ascertain how they were implementing these initiatives in the United States. Results indicated that business educators…

A Decision Support Tool to Evaluate Sources and Sinks of Nitrogen within a Watershed Framework

EPA Science Inventory

Human transformation of the nitrogen (N) cycle is causing a number of environmental and human health problems. Federal, state and local authorities focusing on management of N loadings face both technical and non-technical challenges. One technical issue is that we need a bette...

2007 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Agriscience. (Program CIP: 01.0000 - Agriculture, General)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cantrell, Steve; Conway, Scott; Jack, Linda; Stuckey, Dan

2007-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Child-Centered Group Play Therapy with African American Boys at the Elementary School Level

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baggerly, Jennifer; Parker, Max

2005-01-01

African American boys face numerous challenges in society within the United States, including prejudice, discrimination, racism, economic hardship, limited access to support services, educational biases, and community violence. According to Pierce (1988), the psychic assault of subtle racism against African American boys erode their…

Working with Randolph-Sheppard Entrepreneurs Who Are Deafblind: A Qualitative Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hierholzer, Anne C.; Bybee, Jacquelyn

2011-01-01

Introduction: The purpose of the study was to explore challenges facing deafblind entrepreneurs and the staff who work with them through the Randolph-Sheppard Business Enterprise Program. Methods: Interviews were conducted with 41 Randolph-Sheppard staff and deafblind entrepreneurs across the United States. Participants were selected using a…

NAEP 12th Grade World History Assessment: Issues and Options

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bain, Robert B.

2004-01-01

This paper presents a snapshot of world history education to illuminate the challenges that the National Assessment Governing Board faces in creating a National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) world history framework. Using state standards documents, statutes concerning high school graduation, results from the NAEP transcript studies,…

Challenges Women Face in Leadership Positions and Organizational Effectiveness: An Investigation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Elmuti, Dean; Jia, Heather; Davis, Henry H.

2009-01-01

This study was undertaken to discover working public thoughts about roles of United States women in leadership positions and to test the relationship between managerial leadership styles and organizational effectiveness. A survey of perceptions of leadership roles and effectiveness distributed 700 randomly selected entities from industries in the…

Improving Affordability of Higher Education through Buying Consortia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Isaak, Larry A.; Trembath, Robert J.; Sebesta, James

2009-01-01

Many public and private higher education institutions continue to experience flat or reduced state budget allocations, coupled with tuition and fees that continue to exceed inflation. Finding proactive and innovative approaches to reduce costs without sacrificing quality of instruction and service is truly the challenge facing facility and…

Rethinking Postgraduate Education in Geography: International Perspectives on Improving Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monk, Janice; Foote, Kenneth; Solem, Michael

2012-01-01

This symposium brings together multi-national assessments of the current state of and challenges facing postgraduate education in geography. Contributors from Europe, Australia, South Africa and the USA identify ways in which restructuring of educational systems and wider political contexts affect programmes within the field. While highlighting…

Important Hawaiian tree species in need of genetic conservation

Treesearch

Robert D. Hauff

2017-01-01

Resource managers in Hawaii face unique forest conservation challenges. Invasive species continue to inundate the remote island archipelago, directly threatening its forest resources. Hawaii has the largest number (> 400) of endangered plants in the United States, and managers use genetic approaches to preserve these small populations which are often island...

Challenges Facing Students Entering Higher Education in South Africa.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clark, Catherine

2000-01-01

States that institutions of higher education in South Africa are in a process of redressing apartheid inequalities. Discusses how the University of Port Elizabeth in particular has addressed post-apartheid issues such as student under-preparedness, widening access, instability on campus, high student debt levels, declining enrollments, and…

Railroad safety : DOT faces challenges in improving grade crossing safety, track inspection standards, and passenger car safety

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-04-01

Accidents at railroad crossings are the leading cause of deaths associated with the railroad industry; almost half of all rail-related deaths in the United States are caused by collisions of trains and vehicles at public railroad crossings. In 1994, ...

The Changing Roles Professional Development Program

Treesearch

A. Hermansen-Baez; N. Wulff

2010-01-01

As populations and urbanization expand in the Southern United States, human influences on forests and other natural areas are increasing. As a result, natural resource professionals are faced with complex challenges, such as managing smaller forest parcels for multiple benefits, and wildfire prevention and management in the wildland-urban interface (areas where urban...

Fostering Collaboration through IT Tools: An Experimental Study of Public Deliberation on Water Sustainability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hu, Qian

2011-01-01

Most of challenges facing today's government cannot be resolved without collaborative efforts from multiple non-state stakeholders, organizations, and active participation from citizens. Collaborative governance has become an important form of management practice. Yet the success of this inclusive management approach depends on whether government…

Merging the Metaphors: Surviving and Thriving as a New Academic.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Jean Grace

1997-01-01

Finds that, to examine the challenges new faculty members face, it is helpful to use three "survival metaphors": a new marriage; going to work on an assembly line; and being given "15 to 20" in the state penitentiary. Compares professional duties to each metaphor in turn. (PA)

Conceptualizing Holistic Community Resilience to Climate Events: Foundation for a Climate Resilience Screening Index

EPA Science Inventory

The concept of resilience has been evolving over the past decade as a way to address the current and future challenges nations, states, and cities face from a changing climate. Understanding how the environment (natural and built), climate event risk, societal interactions, and g...

Survey of Information Literacy Instructional Practices in U.S. Academic Libraries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Julien, Heidi; Gross, Melissa; Latham, Don

2018-01-01

An online survey sent to the community of professional librarians in the United States who provide information literacy instruction in academic libraries provided insights into their practices and the challenges they face. Data include current pedagogical methods, client groups of focus, assessment and evaluation, marketing, instructional…

A Full Plate for Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marlowe, John

2002-01-01

As of summer 2001, at least 12 states are deep-sixing junk foods in schools. Schools face an uphill battle on nutrition education. Commercials promoting junk food seem ubiquitous, and children are spending too many inactive hours watching television. Major challenges include the open-campus lunch period and cash-strapped schools using profits from…

THE POTENTIAL MID-TERM ROLE OF NUCLEAR POWER IN THE UNITED STATES: A SCENARIO ANALYSIS USING MARKAL

EPA Science Inventory

With all nations facing enormous challenges related to energy security, sustainability and environmental quality, nuclear power is likely to play an increasingly important role in the future. In particular, the life-cycle emissions of criteria pollutants and greenhouse gases (GHG...

Retaining Excellent Teachers through Effective Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Le, Connie

2013-01-01

School districts continue to face challenges in retaining talented teachers in their schools. There are many factors that contribute to teacher retention, including working conditions, a lack of leadership support, and poor leadership behavior. In a southeastern U.S. state, local school officials were seeking strategies to provide an excellent…

High School Reform: Integration of Special Education. inForum

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Muller, Eve; Burdette, Paula

2007-01-01

Evidence suggests that students throughout the nation are not being adequately prepared for post-secondary life and that students with disabilities face even greater post-school challenges (Wagner, Newman, Cameto, Garza, & Levine, 2005). In response to such evidence, many states and localities are initiating high school reform activities and,…

Alternative Options in State-University Relationships in a Regional Setting: The Case of Canada.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farquhar, Robin H.

This document highlights the special challenges that Canada's higher education system faces due to its organizational structure that is, the relationship between the federal government and the provincial governments. Virtually all Canadian universities are publicly supported, but because the constitution clearly assigns responsibility for…

Student Support Services for Post-Secondary Students with Visual Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moh, Chiou

2012-01-01

Increasingly, students with visual disabilities are pursuing higher education. The students need to face the challenges and difficulties of disorganized services and technology to be independent learners. Institutions should provide the support services to meet the requirements of the students. Such students in the United States expressed their…

A Qualitative Study of College-Based Peace Education Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boudreau, Will

2017-01-01

The purpose of this exploratory research study was to examine the perceptions of seven northeast United States, college-based, Peace Education program directors regarding their respective programs' characteristics and the challenges they face. This qualitative study was designed to fill a gap in the literature by examining the perceptions of…

Understanding Leadership in Schools Facing Challenging Circumstances: A Chilean Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ahumada, Luis; Galdames, Sergio; Clarke, Simon

2016-01-01

During the last 10 years, research into schools facing challenging circumstances has attracted the attention of researchers around the world. The aim of this study was to understand the challenges that school leaders face as they per form their work, the nature of the context in which these challenges arise, the strategies school leaders adopt to…

Challenges and opportunities in healthcare volunteer management: insights from volunteer administrators.

PubMed

Rogers, Sean E; Rogers, Carmen M; Boyd, Karen D

2013-01-01

Volunteer administrators from 105 hospitals in five states in the northeast and southern United States provided open-ended survey responses about what they perceived to be the most pressing challenges and opportunities facing healthcare volunteer management. Taken together, these 105 hospitals used a total of 39,008 volunteers and 5.3 million volunteer hours during a 12-month period between 2010 and 2011. A qualitative content analysis of administrator responses suggests that primary challenges include volunteer recruitment and retention, administrative issues, and operational difficulties brought about by the current economic crisis. Key opportunities include more explicitly linking the volunteer function to hospital outcomes and community impact, expanding volunteer recruitment pools and roles and jobs, and developing organizational support for volunteers and making the volunteer management function more efficient and effective.

Consumer Health Insurance Shopping Behavior and Challenges: Lessons From Two State-Based Marketplaces.

PubMed

Sinaiko, Anna D; Kingsdale, Jon; Galbraith, Alison A

2017-07-01

Selecting a health plan in a health insurance exchange is a critical decision, yet consumers are known to face challenges with health plan choice. We surveyed new enrollees in two state-based exchanges in 2015 to investigate how a nonelderly, primarily low-income population chose their health plans and the implications of shopping behavior for early experiences in their plans. Financial considerations were most important to enrollees. Prior Medicaid enrollees and the uninsured were more likely to have multiple shopping challenges (e.g., difficulty identifying the best or most affordable plan, fair/poor experience, unmet need for help) than enrollees with prior employer coverage (42.9% vs. 32.5% vs. 16.4%, respectively, p < .01). Shopping challenges were associated with difficulty finding a doctor, understanding coverage, and getting questions answered. Assistance targeting enrollees who previously had Medicaid or lacked insurance could improve both shopping experiences and downstream outcomes in plans.

Risky Business and the American Climate Prospectus: Economic Risks of Climate Change in the United States"

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gordon, K.; Houser, T.; Kopp, R. E., III; Hsiang, S. M.; Larsen, K.; Jina, A.; Delgado, M.; Muir-Wood, R.; Rasmussen, D.; Rising, J.; Mastrandrea, M.; Wilson, P. S.

2014-12-01

The United States faces a range of economic risks from global climate change - from increased flooding and storm damage, to climate-driven changes in crop yields and labor productivity, to heat-related strains on energy and public health systems. The Risky Business Project commissioned a groundbreaking new analysis of these and other climate risks by region of the country and sector of the economy. The American Climate Prospectus (ACP) links state-of-the-art climate models with econometric research of human responses to climate variability and cutting edge private sector risk assessment tools, the ACP offers decision-makers a data driven assessment of the specific risks they face. We describe the challenge, methods, findings, and policy implications of the national risk analysis, with particular focus on methodological innovations and novel insights.

A modified active appearance model based on an adaptive artificial bee colony.

PubMed

Abdulameer, Mohammed Hasan; Sheikh Abdullah, Siti Norul Huda; Othman, Zulaiha Ali

2014-01-01

Active appearance model (AAM) is one of the most popular model-based approaches that have been extensively used to extract features by highly accurate modeling of human faces under various physical and environmental circumstances. However, in such active appearance model, fitting the model with original image is a challenging task. State of the art shows that optimization method is applicable to resolve this problem. However, another common problem is applying optimization. Hence, in this paper we propose an AAM based face recognition technique, which is capable of resolving the fitting problem of AAM by introducing a new adaptive ABC algorithm. The adaptation increases the efficiency of fitting as against the conventional ABC algorithm. We have used three datasets: CASIA dataset, property 2.5D face dataset, and UBIRIS v1 images dataset in our experiments. The results have revealed that the proposed face recognition technique has performed effectively, in terms of accuracy of face recognition.

Challenges Facing a Deaf Family Member Concerning a Loved One’s Dying

PubMed Central

Kehl, Karen A.; Gartner, Constance M.

2010-01-01

Individuals who are Deaf face challenges both similar and unique from those faced by hearing individuals when a family member is dying. This study was guided by the question “What are the challenges faced by a Deaf family member when a loved one is dying?” Methods - This qualitative study is guided by critical theory and an interpretive perspective. Robert, a college-educated older adult who has been Deaf from birth was interviewed in American Sign Language using a death history format. Results – There are challenges for Deaf family members that affect communication with both the dying person and health care professionals. Patient-family communication issues included physical challenges and financial challenges. Lack of cultural competence concerning the Deaf community created challenges communicating with professionals. Decision-making was also a challenge. Conclusions These findings provide a framework for future research concerning the needs of Deaf individuals facing the end of life and provide guidance for clinicians. PMID:19910395

Tackling U.S. energy challenges and opportunities: preliminary policy recommendations for enhancing energy innovation in the United States

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Anadon, Laura Diaz; Gallagher, Kelly Sims; Bunn, Matthew

2009-02-18

The report offers preliminary recommendations for near-term actions to strengthen the U.S. effort to develop and deploy advanced energy technologies. The report comes as the Obama Administration and the 111th U.S. Congress face enormous challenges and opportunities in tackling the pressing security, economic, and environmental problems posed by the energy sector. Improving the technologies of energy supply and end-use is a prerequisite for surmounting these challenges in a timely and cost-effective way, and this report elaborates on how policy can support develop of these important energy technologies.

Robust 3D face landmark localization based on local coordinate coding.

PubMed

Song, Mingli; Tao, Dacheng; Sun, Shengpeng; Chen, Chun; Maybank, Stephen J

2014-12-01

In the 3D facial animation and synthesis community, input faces are usually required to be labeled by a set of landmarks for parameterization. Because of the variations in pose, expression and resolution, automatic 3D face landmark localization remains a challenge. In this paper, a novel landmark localization approach is presented. The approach is based on local coordinate coding (LCC) and consists of two stages. In the first stage, we perform nose detection, relying on the fact that the nose shape is usually invariant under the variations in the pose, expression, and resolution. Then, we use the iterative closest points algorithm to find a 3D affine transformation that aligns the input face to a reference face. In the second stage, we perform resampling to build correspondences between the input 3D face and the training faces. Then, an LCC-based localization algorithm is proposed to obtain the positions of the landmarks in the input face. Experimental results show that the proposed method is comparable to state of the art methods in terms of its robustness, flexibility, and accuracy.

Challenges in tackling tuberculosis on the Thai-Myanmar border: findings from a qualitative study with health professionals.

PubMed

Kaji, Aiko; Thi, Sein Sein; Smith, Terrence; Charunwatthana, Prakaykaew; Nosten, Francois H

2015-10-09

Myanmar and Thailand belong to the top 22 high burden countries for tuberculosis (TB). Health care organizations play an essential role in addressing TB control in the two bridging border jurisdictions, Tak province, Thailand and Myawaddy district, Kayin state, Myanmar. However, health professionals face difficulties in TB control effort due to the nature of fluid population movements, resource constraints and ambiguous mechanisms to implement collaboration along the border. The purpose of this study is to identify the challenges to TB control among Myanmar migrants faced by stakeholders, focusing on the area of collaboration and interaction along the border. The study conducted in-depth interviews with health policy makers and health care providers responsible for developing and implementing policies and TB programs in Tak province, Thailand and Myawaddy district, Kayin state, Myanmar. The participants included members of government organizations, United Nations agencies, community based organizations, and international NGO. One or two key stakeholders from each organization were approached to participate in the study. We gathered baseline information to identify TB policies and programs available on websites, brochures, and publications. Observations including field notes were made on site. The data transcriptions were coded for qualitative data analysis. Coding also developed categories that led to key themes. A total of 31 respondents (18 in Thailand and 13 in Myanmar) participated in the study. The main theme reported by participants was challenges in limited corroboration and coordination among stakeholders. Unstructured information sharing and lack of communication hindered the stakeholders from engaging in TB control. The respondents stressed that referral mechanisms across the border need to be strengthened. Other challenges were associated with increasing loss to follow up and subsequent MDR cases, constraints of service delivery, shortage of human resources, limited staff capacities within organizations and poor socioeconomic status of patients. Health professionals face many challenges in effectively addressing TB control. Addressing the insufficient coordination and collaboration by strengthening bi-national collaborative mechanisms among health care organizations is an essential step in reducing the burden of disease. Additional support and resources from governmental and non-governmental agencies will be required to address the challenges.

Public Charter Schools in the District of Columbia. Hearing before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, United States Senate, One Hundred Eighth Congress, Second Session, Special Hearing (May 4, 2004) S. Hrg. 108-774

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

US Senate, 2005

2005-01-01

The Subcommittee convened this hearing to examine the challenges facing charter schools as they expand in the District of Columbia. They heard testimony from witnesses who are all founders and directors of innovative charter schools in the District. These witnesses shared their success stories as well as the individual issues and challenges facing…

Optimizing Burn Treatment in Developing Low-and Middle-Income Countries with Limited Health Care Resources (Part 2)

PubMed Central

Atiyeh, B.; Masellis, A.; Conte, C.

2009-01-01

Summary The present review of the literature aims at analysing the challenges facing burn management in low- and middleincome countries (LMICs) and exploring probable modalities to optimize burn management in these countries. In Part 1, the epidemiology of burn injuries and the formidable challenges for proper management due to limited resources and inaccessibility to sophisticated skills and technologies in LMICs were presented. Part II will discuss the actual state of burn injuries management in LMICs. PMID:21991180

Active mirror amplifiers for HiPER kiloJoule beamlines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chanteloup, J.-C.; Lucianetti, A.

2013-11-01

A major challenge the HiPER [1] project is facing is to derive laser architectures satisfying simultaneously all HiPER requirements; among them, high wall-plug efficiency (15 to 20%) and repetition rate (around 10 Hz) are the most challenging constraints. Several groups over the world are actively pursuing research in the field of High average power Diode Pumped Solid State Lasers (DPSSL) [2]. We propose a comprehensive solution for a 1 kJ DPSSL beamline as the unit brick of a 12 beams bundle.

USGS Research on Saline Waters Co-Produced with Energy Resources

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1997-01-01

The United States energy industry faces the challenge of satisfying our expanding thirst for energy while protecting the environment. This challenge is magnified by the increasing volumes of saline water produced with oil and gas in the Nation's aging petroleum fields. Ultimately, energy-producing companies are responsible for disposing of these waters. USGS research provides basic information, for use by regulators, industry, and the public, about the chemistry of co-produced waters and environmentally acceptable ways of handling them.

Health care for undocumented immigrants in Texas: past, present, and future.

PubMed

Kuruvilla, Rohit; Raghavan, Rajeev

2014-07-01

Providing health care to the 1.6 million undocumented immigrants in Texas is an existing challenge. Despite continued growth of this vulnerable population, legislation between 1986 and 2013 has made it more difficult for states to provide adequate and cost-effective care. As this population ages and develops chronic illnesses, Texas physicians, health care administrators, and legislators will be facing a major challenge. New legislation, such as the Affordable Care Act and immigration reform, does not address or attempt to solve the issue of providing health care to this population. One example of inadequate care and poor resource allocation is the experience of undocumented immigrants with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In Texas, these immigrants depend on safety net hospital systems for dialysis treatments. Often, treatments are provided only when their conditions become an emergency, typically at a higher cost, with worse outcomes. This article reviews the legislation regarding health care for undocumented immigrants, particularly those with chronic illnesses such as ESRD, and details specific challenges facing Texas physicians in the future.

Guide to Cybersecurity, Resilience, and Reliability for Small and Under-Resourced Utilities

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ingram, Michael; Martin, Maurice

Small electricity utilities -- those with less than 100 employees or 50,000 meters -- provide essential services to large parts of the United States while facing a number of challenges unique to their mission. For instance, they often serve areas that are sparsely populated, meaning that their per-customer cost to provide service is higher. At the same time, they often serve customers that have moderate or fixed incomes, meaning that they are under strong pressure to keep costs down. This pressure puts them on a strict budget and creates a need for innovative solutions to common problems. Further, their servicemore » areas may include extreme climates, making severe weather events more frequent and their aftermaths more expensive to address. This guide considers challenges that small utilities face while ensuring the reliability, resilience, and cybersecurity of their electric service; approaches to address those challenges using existing guidance documents; ways that the federal government could provide support in these areas.« less

The Hidden Work of Exiting Homelessness: Challenges of Housing Service Use and Strategies of Service Recipients

PubMed Central

Mayberry, Lindsay S.

2015-01-01

This study explored the experiences of parents attempting to re-attain housing after a shelter stay. Eighty parents participated in semistructured face-to-face interviews approximately six months after being recruited from shelters in four states across the U.S. Qualitative analyses identified common challenges of service use, strategies of service recipients, and characteristics of positive and negative service experiences. Challenges of service use included “catch-22s” resulting from incongruity between service policies/procedures and participants’ contexts and/or requirements of other services, confusion and uncertainty resulting from absent or insufficient communication about services, and long waitlists. Participants demonstrated persistence and determination, networked with service providers, and activated formal resources. Positive service experiences were tailored to families’ needs and marked by clear and consistent communication between providers and with service recipients. Findings suggest effective health communication tactics should be applied to housing services. Providers should collaborate to ensure service attainment does not impede other pathways to stability. PMID:26997682

Managing consumptive and nonconsumptive use in the United States largest wilderness

Treesearch

Vicki Snitzler; Barbara Cellarius

2007-01-01

With more than 13 million acres (5,260,913 ha) of land and in excess of 9 million acres (3,642,171 ha) of designated Wilderness, Alaska’s Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve is the largest national park in the United States and includes the country’s largest single-name wilderness area. Park managers face a variety of challenges in managing consumptive and...

Welfare Reform: Moving the Hard-to-Employ Recipients into the Workforce. Report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Human Resources, Committee on Ways and Means, House of Representatives.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fagnoni, Cynthia M.

A study collected information on the participation of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) recipients in work and work activities and their characteristics and how they have changed over time. Data were gathered on strategies states use to help hard-to-employ (HTE) TANF recipients get and keep jobs and on challenges states face in…

Covering and Reimbursing Telehealth Services.

PubMed

Blackman, Kate

2016-01-01

Policymakers who are striving to achieve better health care, improved health outcomes and lower costs are considering new strategies and technologies. Telehealth is a tool that uses technology to provide health services remotely, and state leaders are looking to it now more than ever as a way to address workforce gaps and reach underserved patients. Among the challenges facing state lawmakers who are working to introduce or expand telehealth is how to handle covering patients and reimbursing providers.

Technology survey on video face tracking

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Tong; Gomes, Herman Martins

2014-03-01

With the pervasiveness of monitoring cameras installed in public areas, schools, hospitals, work places and homes, video analytics technologies for interpreting these video contents are becoming increasingly relevant to people's lives. Among such technologies, human face detection and tracking (and face identification in many cases) are particularly useful in various application scenarios. While plenty of research has been conducted on face tracking and many promising approaches have been proposed, there are still significant challenges in recognizing and tracking people in videos with uncontrolled capturing conditions, largely due to pose and illumination variations, as well as occlusions and cluttered background. It is especially complex to track and identify multiple people simultaneously in real time due to the large amount of computation involved. In this paper, we present a survey on literature and software that are published or developed during recent years on the face tracking topic. The survey covers the following topics: 1) mainstream and state-of-the-art face tracking methods, including features used to model the targets and metrics used for tracking; 2) face identification and face clustering from face sequences; and 3) software packages or demonstrations that are available for algorithm development or trial. A number of publically available databases for face tracking are also introduced.

Homeland Security. Management Challenges Facing Federal Leadership

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-12-01

Security Management Challenges Facing Federal Leadership 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT...including attention to management practices and key success factors. HOMELAND SECURITY Management Challenges Facing Federal Leadership www.gao.gov/cgi...significant management and coordination challenges if it is to provide this leadership and be successful in preventing and responding to any future

2005 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Metal Trades. (Program CIP: 48.0590 - Metal Trades)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Gary; Sample, John; Waits, Jeffrey; Britt, Albert; McKee, Steve; Sullivan, Kirk; Warren, Brian

2005-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Proliferation of Masters Degrees in General Administration: Refocusing School Leadership Reform

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gahungu, Athanase

2010-01-01

The proliferation of inappropriate master's degrees in educational administration is a tough challenge facing efforts to reform school leadership in the nation. In the state of Illinois alone, there are 26 universities and colleges offering 32 master's degree programs in educational leadership. In all, candidates enroll in 16 different types of…

Leadership Strategies for Maintaining Success in a Rural School District

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Freeman, Greta G.; Randolph, Ivan

2013-01-01

Success in a PK-12 educational environment begins at the top with school leadership. Due to economic problems, poverty and added responsibilities, leaders in rural communities throughout the United States face sensitive and distinctive challenges. Based on research and years of administrative experience as school and school system leaders, the…

Arctic Insecurity: Avoiding Conflict

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-02-17

Geographic. 11 indigenous communities for development and environmental protection issues but the Council is specifically prohibited from dealing...nations, and involvement of indigenous communities in decision making. The stated interests are missile defense, early warning, strategic sealift...nations’ EEZs. Arctic nations will face the challenge of protecting fishing industries from outside competition, overfishing , and pollution. A

Sustainability and productivity of southern pine ecosystems

Treesearch

Jim Barnett; Rod Busby; Floyd Bridgwater; Don English; Jim Hanula; Nancy Herbert; Kurt Johnsen; Brad Kard; Kier Klepzig; Charlie McMahon; Jeff Prestemon; Tim Rials; Bob Rummer; Mike Shelton; Ron Thill; Tom Waldrop; Joan Walker; Nancy Walters

2000-01-01

Scientist at the Southern Research Station (SRS) have developed a means to address critical forest resource needs in the 21st century. Throughout the South, we are working with public and private land owners to face unprecedented natural resource challenges (United States Department of Agriculture, forest Service 1997). By providing access to research results and...

Student Volunteering in England: A Critical Moment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Darwen, Jamie; Rannard, Andrea Grace

2011-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present the current state of student volunteering in English universities, and show how it contributes to some of the core activities of higher education, including teaching and learning, employability, and public engagement. The paper goes on to describe challenges currently faced by student volunteering,…

Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Parents' Perceptions of the IEP Process

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolfe, Katie; Durán, Lillian K.

2013-01-01

Many parents of students with disabilities face barriers to meaningful participation in Individualized Education Plan (IEP) meetings; parents who are culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) encounter additional challenges. Given the changing demographics of the United States and the central role of the IEP in special education, it is important…

2005 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Cosmetology. (Program CIP: 12.0401 - Cosmetology/Cosmetologist, General)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Buchanon, Rouser; Farmer, Helen

2005-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Similar Pressures, Different Contexts: Public Attitudes toward Government Intervention for Health Care in 21 Nations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kikuzawa, Saeko; Olafsdottir, Sigrun; Pescosolido, Bernice A.

2008-01-01

Health care systems worldwide are experiencing similar pressures such as rising cost, aging populations, and increased burden of disease. While policy makers in all countries face these challenges, their responses must consider local pressures, particularly the implicit social contract between the state, medicine, and insurers. We argue that…

Developing School Leaders: What the U.S. Can Learn from England's Model

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Toner, Mark

2015-01-01

The myriad challenges facing school principals in the United States have been well documented, including limited opportunities for distributed leadership, inadequate training, and a lackluster pipeline for new leaders. Recently, the Fordham Institute teamed up with the London-based Education Foundation to seek a better understanding of England's…

After the Marketplace: Evidence, Social Science and Educational Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Luke, Allan

2003-01-01

This paper is an essay on the state of Australian education that frames new directions for educational research. It outlines three challenges faced by Australian educators: highly spatialised poverty with particularly strong mediating effects on primary school education; the need for intellectual and critical depth in pedagogy, with a focus in the…

Using Design Experiments to Understand Secondary Classroom Comprehension Practices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vaughn, Sharon; Simmons, Deborah; Wanzek, Jeanne

2013-01-01

Adolescents in the United States and their teachers face an enormous academic challenge with respect to reading comprehension. College and career readiness standards outlined in the Common Core (2012) place increased emphasis on preparing students to read increasingly complex text across a range of disciplinary content areas. At issue is how to…

2007 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Diesel Service Technology. (Program CIP: 47.0605 - Diesel Mechanics Technology/Technician)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ellison, Dave; Jackson, Edward

2007-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Accountability and Alignment under No Child Left Behind: Multi-Level Perspectives for Educational Leaders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Choi, Daniel

2011-01-01

Educational leaders have faced the challenges of trying to align schoolwide reforms priorities with accountability demands under the No Child Left Behind law. This article examines the barriers that complicate meaningful alignment among federal, state and local levels. This article also offers the following recommendations: Schools and districts…

An Analysis of Stress and Self-Efficacy Experienced by General and Special Educators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ringer, Joanne L.

2017-01-01

Public education and teachers are under considerable scrutiny (Gibboney, 2008). With the inception of local, state, and national demands being placed on education, teachers are faced with many challenges (Eppley, 2015). Educational accountability measures have grown out of the political pressures impacting educational policies (Gibboney, 2008).…

The Primary Social Education Curricula in Hong Kong and Singapore: A Comparative Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lo, Joe Tin-Yau

2010-01-01

In the face of the challenges of globalization, nation states try to reinvigorate their traditional or national values and local identities as a kind of counterbalance to globalizing influences. Hence, social and citizenship education across nations in Asia takes different forms with certain distinctive varieties in terms of policies, practices…

Embedded Creativity: Building a Culture of Innovation. An AGB White Paper

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Welch, Edwin H.

2017-01-01

Smaller, private, independent institutions of higher education across the United States are facing challenging times. This white paper by Edwin H. Welch, president of the University of Charleston, shares lessons gleaned from the institution's innovative efforts over almost 30 years. Welch's hope is that the experiences at the University of…

Small Group Dynamics in Cross-Cultural Collaborative Field Research: Voices from the Field

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Freeman, Karen A.; Gahungu, Athanase

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine (a) factors that influence effective cross-cultural collaboration, and (b) challenges and issues that face researchers in cross-cultural collaboration. During the summer of 2010, 20 researchers and student interns from Ghana Education Service, Chicago State University (CSU-USA), Winneba University of…

Planning for a Better Future: California 2025. 2011 Update

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Public Policy Institute of California, 2011

2011-01-01

California's current economic and fiscal realities make nonpartisan, objective information on the state's future challenges all the more critical. Understandably, the search is on for immediate solutions to the unprecedented crises people face today. But if the present crises make policymakers shelve long-term planning, the result may be an even…

Modernization of Management: Social and Socio-Cultural Aspects

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vinogradova, Marina V.; Babakaev, Sergy V.; Larionova, Anna A.; Kobyak, Marina V.; Layko, Mikhail Y.

2016-01-01

The relevance of the topic is determined by the new challenges faced by the Russian state in modern conditions that have a significant impact on public administration, which entails the need for its comprehensive modernization. In this regard, this article is aimed at the disclosure of social and socio-cultural aspects of the modernization of…

A Grand Bargain on Quality Assurance?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Teresa

2017-01-01

The higher education community faces a wave of challenges. Concerns about affordability and costs have led to questions about the value of higher education to students and society. State and federal funding has been cut or has failed to grow as need has ballooned. Pressures to innovate clash with calls for preserving tradition. Values of academic…

US Urban Teachers' Perspectives of Culturally Competent Professional Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flory, Sara B.; McCaughtry, Nate; Martin, Jeffrey J.; Murphy, Anne; Blum, Barbara; Wisdom, Kimberlydawn

2014-01-01

Health disparities related to food choices, nutrition behaviours and smoking habits in urban communities in the United States signal the importance of health education (HE) in schools, yet educators in urban communities face unique cultural challenges often unaddressed in professional development (PD). The purpose of this study was to use a…

Financing Early Care and Education: Funding and Policy Choices in a Changing Fiscal Environment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clothier, Steffanie; Clemens, Beth; Poppe, Julie

Because of an increasingly challenging fiscal climate, state lawmakers are faced with making tough financial decisions regarding their early childhood systems. This document describes and examines various funding sources used when making decisions about possible early childhood initiatives combined with policy choices that may be considered in…

Dietary Identities in Higher Education: Attracting and Accommodating Vegetarian and Vegan Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parks, Rodney L.; Evans, Brett A.

2014-01-01

As adherents of vegetarianism and veganism form a dedicated minority within the United States and constitute comparatively greater proportions of the populations at U.S. colleges and universities, this qualitative study investigates the unique challenges these communities face in higher education. The exploratory study draws upon two sets of…

Integrating climate change considerations into forest management tools and training

Treesearch

Linda M. Nagel; Christopher W. Swanston; Maria K. Janowiak

2010-01-01

Silviculturists are currently facing the challenge of developing management strategies that meet broad ecological and social considerations in spite of a high degree of uncertainty in future climatic conditions. Forest managers need state-of-the-art knowledge about climate change and potential impacts to facilitate development of silvicultural objectives and...

2005 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Welding Theory and Applications. (Program CIP: 48.0508 - Welding Technology/Welder)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cochran, Harry; Lawrence, Kenneth; Wages, Larry; Box, Dale; Johnston, Joe; Switzer, Ronald

2005-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and instructors are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured…

Confronting Rapid Change: Exploring the Practices of Educational Leaders in a Rural Boomtown

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McHenry-Sorber, Erin; Provinzano, Kathleen

2017-01-01

Hydraulic fracturing has altered the face of rural communities across the United States, creating new demands for educational leaders. This in-depth qualitative study explores how rural educational leaders in a heavily drilled community experience and respond to these challenges with a focus on increased local student transiency, homelessness, and…

Ex-Offenders Reentering the Workforce

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shivy, Victoria A.; Wu, J. Juana; Moon, Anya E.; Mann, Shay C.; Holland, Jo G.; Eacho, Christine

2007-01-01

Approximately 650,000 individuals will be released from incarceration in state and federal prisons this year. However, little is known about the challenges ex-offenders face when they endeavor to reenter the workforce. The authors used consensual qualitative research methods to analyze data from 2 focus groups: one for male (n=6) and another for…

New England Colleges under Stress: Presidential Voices from the Region's Smaller Colleges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Halfond, Jay A.; Stokes, Peter

2013-01-01

Shifting demography, rising operating expenses, plummeting state and federal support, intensified competition, broken financial models… these are just a few of the complex challenges facing New England higher education institutions. Given these tensions, who would be surprised if college presidents in the region weren't occasionally plagued by…

The Meaning of Roots: How A Migrant Farmworker Student Developed a Bilingual-Bicultural Identity through Change

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Danzak, Robin L.

2015-01-01

Thousands of children and teens labor as migrant farmworkers across the United States. These youngsters, many who are immigrants, face challenges in completing their education and breaking the cycle of agricultural work. Such barriers are influenced by geographic instability, poverty, and sociocultural marginalization. Beyond these factors, and…

Baldcypress swamp management and climate change

USGS Publications Warehouse

Middleton, Beth A.

2006-01-01

In the future, climates may become warmer and drier in the southeastern United States; as a result, the range of baldcypress (Taxodium distichum) swamps may shrink. Managers of baldcypress swamps at the southern edge of the range may face special challenges in attempting to preserve these swamp habitats in the future if climates become warmer and drier.

Edge-of-field research to quantify the impacts of agricultural practices on water quality in Ohio

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Drainage is needed to sustain agricultural production to meet the demands of a growing global population, but it also transports nutrients from fields to surface water bodies. The State of Ohio is facing the tremendous challenge of maintaining agricultural production while protecting the environment...

Liberal Equality and Toleration for Conservative Religious Minorities. Decreasing Opportunities for Religious Schools in the Netherlands?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maussen, Marcel; Vermeulen, Floris

2015-01-01

Liberal democratic states face new challenges in balancing between principles of religious freedom and non-discrimination and in balancing these constitutional principles with other concerns, including social cohesion, good education, and immigrant-integration. In a context of increased prominence of secular and anti-Islamic voices in political…

2007 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Custodian/Caretaker Services. (Program CIP: 19.0702 - Adult Development and Aging)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blake, LC; Harthcock, Sandra

2007-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Adequacy-Based Funding for Small, Isolated Schools: An Approach for Maine

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allen, Debra M.; Sloan, James E.

2005-01-01

How to adequately fund small schools is becoming a pressing issue in Maine due to numerous factors, including state and federal accountability laws and declining enrollments. The following were among the challenges facing small rural schools: (a) attracting and retaining qualified teachers, (b) attracting and retaining qualified specialty teachers…

Different Faces in Our Classrooms: Teachers' Cultural Perspectives of Heterogeneous School Environments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hendricks, Paige

2016-01-01

The foundation of the United States' educational system is that all students will be educated equally by offering access to knowledge, opportunities, and services resulting in the creation of positive societal contributors. However, this task is complex and challenging. Heterogeneous student populations due to increased culturally diversity, do…

The Development of an Elementary School Student Handbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aaland, Janine; And Others

One of the challenges facing school systems is creating an effective student handbook of current school policies. This report reviews the literature concerning federal and state statutes, district policies, and the professional literature concerning the implementation of a school wide discipline policy and plan that can be codified in a handbook.…

Understanding the Graphical Challenges Faced by Vision-Impaired Students in Australian Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Butler, Matthew; Holloway, Leona; Marriott, Kim; Goncu, Cagatay

2017-01-01

Information graphics such as plots, maps, plans, charts, tables and diagrams form an integral part of the student learning experience in many disciplines. However, for a vision impaired student accessing such graphical materials can be problematic. This research seeks to understand the current state of accessible graphics provision in Australian…

Contemporary Civil Rights Challenges of "Brown vs. Board of Education": School Leaders Identify Current Issues

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scott, Bradley

2004-01-01

School leaders from five states gathered recently to examine civil rights issues facing students today. The session was held by the Intercultural Development Research Association (IDRA) South Central Collaborative for Equity, which is the federally-funded equity assistance center for Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Texas. The…

2005 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Horticulture. (Program CIP: 01.0601 - Applied Horticulture/Horticultural Operations, General)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Research and Curriculum Unit, 2005

2005-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Facing Future Users--The Challenge of Transforming a Traditional Online Database into a Web Service.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tolonen, Eva

The Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDE) agreement included 19 member countries spanning four continents: Japan and the Republic of Korea; Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom; Canada, Mexico, and the United States; and Brazil. The participating…

The Recruitment and Support of Latino Faculty for Tenure and Promotion

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

De Luca, Susan M.; Escoto, Ernesto R.

2012-01-01

Retaining and supporting Latino faculty is a challenge for many colleges and universities in the United States. This article focuses on the unique experiences faced by Latino junior faculty, when power differentials between senior faculty are most prominent in their career, and examines the cultural norms of "personalismo", "familismo", and…

Examining the Challenges Early Childhood Teacher Candidates Face in Figuring Their Roles as Early Educators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Christopher P.; Feger, Beth Smith

2010-01-01

Federal, state, and local policy makers' high-stakes standards-based accountability reforms are transforming the early childhood teacher education process. These reforms affect how early education teacher candidates figure their role as teachers. By employing Holland, Lachicotte, Skinner, and Cain's conception of figured worlds to analyze the…

Challenges Facing Asian International Graduate Students in the US: Pedagogical Considerations in Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lin, Shu-Yuan; Scherz, Susan Day

2014-01-01

Non-Native English Speaking (NNES) international students attending colleges and universities in the United States often encounter difficulties in adjusting to their new cultural environment. In addition, they often struggle with academic language while learning the content and conceptual structures of various graduate level disciplines. This…

2006 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Forestry. (Program CIP: 03.0511 - Forestry Technology/Technician)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Research and Curriculum Unit, 2006

2006-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

2007 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Technology Applications. (Program CIP: 21.0101 - Technology Applications)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fava, David; Gunkel, Andy; Hood, Jennifer; Mason, Debra; Walker, Jim

2007-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

2005 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Aging Services. (Program CIP: 19.0702 - Adult Development and Aging)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walker, Kathy

2005-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

2005 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Building Trades. (Program CIP: 46.0000 - Construction Trades, General)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jernigan, Jarvis; Manning, Phillip; Matkins, Billy

2005-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Developing Cultural Responsiveness in Environmental Design Students through Digital Storytelling and Photovoice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cushing, Debra Flanders; Love, Emily Wexler

2013-01-01

As the Latino population in the United States grows, it will become increasingly important for undergraduate students in environmental design and related disciplines to become more culturally responsive and learn how to understand and address challenges faced by population groups, such as Latino youth. To this end, we involved environmental…

2007 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Introduction to Agriscience. (Program CIP: 01.0001 - Introduction to Agriscience)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Research and Curriculum Unit, 2007

2007-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

2007 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Computer Graphics. (Program CIP: 50.0402 - Commercial and Advertising Art)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Creel, Jo Anne; Denson, Cornelius; New, Ray

2007-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Parents Who Bully the School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evans, Robert; Thompson, Michael G.

2016-01-01

Over the last 30 years, Robert Evans and Michael Thompson have been called to consult with more than 2,000 schools independent and public, in the United States and internationally. These school visits have given them a deep appreciation for the range and complexity of challenges schools face and for their capacity to master evolving problems. With…

Parenting African American Children in the Context of Racism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keyes, Angela W.; Smyke, Anna T.; Middleton, Melissa; Black, Corey L.

2015-01-01

The legacy of slavery in the United States has impacted generations of African Americans, especially parents who must prepare their children to face the challenges associated with being a person of color in this country. The authors explore aspects of racism, White privilege, racial socialization, and African American parents' fears as they equip…

2008 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Family and Consumer Sciences. (Program CIP: 19.9999 - Family and Consumer Sciences)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosetti, Pamela; Byrd, Jenean; West, Brenda; Bigham, Melody

2008-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Examining Oregon Agriculture Teachers' Professional Development Needs by Career Phase

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sorensen, Tyson J.; Lambert, Misty D.; McKim, Aaron J.

2014-01-01

Agriculture teachers face challenges at every stage of their career, creating a need for professional development to meet their individual needs. Additionally, research suggests the need for periodic needs assessments to be conducted within individual states. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe, using the Borich needs assessment…

Counterterrorism: U.S. Agencies Face Challenges Countering the Use of Improvised Explosive Devices in the Afghanistan/Pakistan Region

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-07-12

make IEDs. According to DOD, other products available in Pakistan—such as potassium chlorate , used in making matches, and urea, another commonly used...IED precursor chemicals. According to State officials, other substitutes for CAN, including potassium chlorate and urea, are exported by countries

Playing Catch-Up

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maxwell, Lesli A.

2008-01-01

In this article, the author discusses the instructional challenges faced by educators this year in the 12,500-student Recovery School District (RSD), the state-run system that took over most of New Orleans' public schools after the storm in August 2005. Roughly 85% of the district's students scored at least two years behind grade level in reading…

Changing International Constructs: How Metropolitan Universities Must Engage Globally

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leventhal, Mitch; Zimpher, Nancy L.

2007-01-01

The mission of American metropolitan universities has never before been so relevant, both to the future of institutions themselves and to the United States. The success of the mission requires that we develop a deep understanding of the impact of both urbanization and de-urbanization, as well as the challenges metropolitan universities face with…

Is That All There Is? Taking Education to New Levels in the Social-Media Era

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mandviwalla, Munir; Schuff, David; Chacko, Manoj; Miller, Laurel

2013-01-01

Higher education in the United States faces major challenges: increased competition from non-traditional players, online programs that are eroding regional monopolies, shifting demographics, the perceived irrelevance of some degrees, and the development of low-cost certification alternatives to those degrees. In other industries, information…

Career Choices for Foreign-Educated Dentists

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pitigoi-Aron, Gabriela

2011-01-01

Attracting and retaining strong faculty members in dental schools have long been challenges in the United States. Faced with an emerging crisis in the availability and quality of dental educators, many researchers have focused on analyzing data and trends related to this subject. Even though there are substantial studies that provide a picture of…

Portrait Face-Off: Gilbert Stuart vs. Peter Max

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crumpecker, Cheryl

2012-01-01

When art classes are short and infrequent, it is always a challenge to meet required state and national standards. A unit comparing and contrasting Peter Max's Pop art portraits with the realistic style of Gilbert Stuart's presidential portraits provides an opportunity to address a huge number of these requirements. Focus can change with the age…

Undergraduate Research and Service-Learning Programs in a Kinesiology Program at a Teaching University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O, Jenny; Sherwood, Jennifer J.; Yingling, Vanessa R.

2017-01-01

High-impact practices foster student success, but faculty faced with heavy teaching loads and lack of resources and infrastructure are challenged to implement such practices. Kinesiology faculty at California State University, East Bay collaborated to implement two student programs: Kinesiology Research Group and Get Fit! Stay Fit! The Kinesiology…

2005 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Machine Tool Operation. (Program CIP: 48.0503 - Machine Shop Technology/Assistant)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gorman, Nathan; Parker, Ronald; Lurie, Charles; Maples, Thomas

2005-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Northern Youth in Crisis: A Challenge for Justice.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Griffiths, Curt Taylor, Ed.

Northern youth increasingly find themselves in a state of crisis--separated from family and community for the purposes of further education, exposed to the temptations of alcohol and drug abuse and facing the prospect of underemployment, they often come into contact with the justice system at an early age. Fascinated by and indoctrinated with the…

The Value of Green Technology at ABC Community College

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McAllister, Bernadette

2012-01-01

A challenge facing community colleges nationwide is to reduce the carbon footprint of campuses by initiating green technology initiatives. This case study assessed the effect of switching from paper assignments to a learning management system at ABC Community College. The topic is important because federal and state funding, as well as…

Catholic Elementary School Principal Induction: An Investigation of Diocesan Supports for Competent, Confident Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gross, Patrick M.

2017-01-01

Catholic schools play an important role in the United States' educational landscape, forwarding a model of excellence in education, providing school choice, lowering overall public education costs, and central to their mission, serving as a ministry of the Catholic Church. However, Catholic schools face historically unprecedented challenges, and…

Faculty Morale--Enhancing It in Spite of Diminishing Resources and Challenges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Halford, Andrew

Faced with budget cuts, demands for accountability by state legislatures and higher education councils, and a history of autocratic governance, the faculty morale at Paducah Community College, in Kentucky, reached its lowest point in 1990. A new president arrived, however, who had recently completed research on governance styles in higher…

Academic Work in Transition: An Examination of Virtual Faculty Job Satisfaction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lefebvre, Lauryl A.

2009-01-01

The increased demand for postsecondary education in the United States and abroad and the availability of new teaching and learning technologies are having an indelible impact on the nature of faculty work. As distance education becomes more prevalent, a growing number of faculty are facing new challenges and opportunities, especially those working…

The Significance of Relationships: Academic Engagement and Achievement among Newcomer Immigrant Youth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Suarez-Orozco, Carola; Pimentel, Allyson; Martin, Margary

2009-01-01

Background/Context: Newcomer immigrant students are entering schools in the United States in unprecedented numbers. As they enter new school contexts, they face a number of challenges in their adjustment. Previous literature suggested that relationships in school play a particularly crucial role in promoting socially competent behavior in the…

Sustainability and the University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clough, G. Wayne; Chameau, Jean-Lou; Carmichael, Carol

2006-01-01

In this article, the authors state that one of the major challenges facing the human race is charting a course for the future that allows economic growth while protecting the fragile planet. The authors discuss the role that higher education must play to help create a vibrant economy and high quality of life, while sustaining natural resources.…

Naughty or Not? : Exploring Controversial Content and Core Universal Themes in Contemporary Young Adult Literature

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Bannion, Colette Marie

2010-01-01

A reader might assume contemporary society has progressed beyond literary censorship. However, as recently as 2008, the "Gossip Girl" and "Twilight" young adult literature series both faced challenges in distinct sectors of United States society (American Library Association (ALA), 2009: Martindale, 2008). A number of concerned…

Our Visible Work: Community & Collaboration in an Educator Inquiry Group

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clark, Margaret R.

2016-01-01

Early childhood education has recently been heralded as the cornerstone of a brighter future for the United States, playing an important role in the healthy development of our youngest children (Perry, 2015; Bornfreund, 2015). However, the teachers of these children face multiple challenges in the profession, including unlivable wages, low morale…

The Skinny on Big Data in Education: Learning Analytics Simplified

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reyes, Jacqueleen A.

2015-01-01

This paper examines the current state of learning analytics (LA), its stakeholders and the benefits and challenges these stakeholders face. LA is a field of research that involves the gathering, analyzing and reporting of data related to learners and their environments with the purpose of optimizing the learning experience. Stakeholders in LA are…

Effects of Differentiated Instruction on Student Achievement in Reading

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gilbert, Darryl L.

2011-01-01

Reading teachers are faced with the challenge of providing instruction to a population of diverse students with various abilities and styles of learning within local and state school districts. In an effort to improve student performance on high-stake examinations in reading, teachers continue to seek the most effective instructional strategies.…

Outcome Results from "Yo Veo": A Visual Intervention for Teachers Working with Immigrant Latino/Latina Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chapman, Mimi V.; Hall, William J.

2016-01-01

Objective: This study reports results from the outcome evaluation of "Yo Veo," a visual intervention with schoolteachers, which structures conversations about challenges that teachers face teaching Latino/Latina immigrant students. Method: The intervention was delivered to teachers at two middle schools in the southeastern United States,…

Good match exploration for infrared face recognition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Changcai; Zhou, Huabing; Sun, Sheng; Liu, Renfeng; Zhao, Ji; Ma, Jiayi

2014-11-01

Establishing good feature correspondence is a critical prerequisite and a challenging task for infrared (IR) face recognition. Recent studies revealed that the scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) descriptor outperforms other local descriptors for feature matching. However, it only uses local appearance information for matching, and hence inevitably leads to a number of false matches. To address this issue, this paper explores global structure information (GSI) among SIFT correspondences, and proposes a new method SIFT-GSI for good match exploration. This is achieved by fitting a smooth mapping function for the underlying correct matches, which involves softassign and deterministic annealing. Quantitative comparisons with state-of-the-art methods on a publicly available IR human face database demonstrate that SIFT-GSI significantly outperforms other methods for feature matching, and hence it is able to improve the reliability of IR face recognition systems.

Difficulties facing physician mothers in Japan.

PubMed

Yamazaki, Yuka; Kozono, Yuki; Mori, Ryo; Marui, Eiji

2011-11-01

Despite recent increases in the number of female physicians graduating in Japan, their premature resignations after childbirth are contributing to the acute shortage of physicians. Previous Japanese studies have explored supportive measures in the workplace, but have rarely focused on the specific problems or concerns of physician-mothers. Therefore, this study explored the challenges facing Japanese physician-mothers in efforts to identify solutions for their retention. Open-ended questionnaires were mailed to 646 alumnae of Juntendo University School of Medicine. We asked subjects to describe their opinions about 'The challenges related to female physicians' resignations'. Comments gathered from alumnae who graduated between 6 and 30 years ago and have children were analyzed qualitatively. Overall, 249 physicians returned the questionnaire (response rate 38.5%), and 73 alumnae with children who graduated in the stated time period provided comments. The challenges facing physician-mothers mainly consisted of factors associated with Japanese society, family responsibilities, and work environment. Japanese society epitomized by traditional gender roles heightened stress related to family responsibilities and promoted gender discrimination at work environment. Additionally, changing Japanese society positively influenced working atmosphere and husband's support. Moreover, the introduction of educational curriculums that alleviated traditional gender role was proposed for pre- and post- medical students. Traditional gender roles encourage discrimination by male physicians or work-family conflicts. The problems facing female physicians involve more than just family responsibilities: diminishing the notion of gender role is key to helping retain them in the workforce. © 2011 Tohoku University Medical Press

Toward Impactful Collaborations on Computing and Mental Health.

PubMed

Calvo, Rafael Alejandro; Dinakar, Karthik; Picard, Rosalind; Christensen, Helen; Torous, John

2018-02-09

We describe an initiative to bring mental health researchers, computer scientists, human-computer interaction researchers, and other communities together to address the challenges of the global mental ill health epidemic. Two face-to-face events and one special issue of the Journal of Medical Internet Research were organized. The works presented in these events and publication reflect key state-of-the-art research in this interdisciplinary collaboration. We summarize the special issue articles and contextualize them to present a picture of the most recent research. In addition, we describe a series of collaborative activities held during the second symposium and where the community identified 5 challenges and their possible solutions. ©Rafael Alejandro Calvo, Karthik Dinakar, Rosalind Picard, Helen Christensen, John Torous. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 09.02.2018.

E-Mentoring the Online Doctoral Student from the Dissertation Prospectus through Dissertation Completion

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Black, Ronald

2017-01-01

Faculty who mentor online doctoral candidates face many of the same challenges and opportunities as those mentoring doctoral candidates in traditional, face-to-face modalities. The main difference is that E-Mentoring is based on interacting in the online space rather than interacting face-to-face, which may present challenges for both the…

On the Path to SunShot. Emerging Opportunities and Challenges in U.S. Solar Manufacturing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chung, Donald; Horowitz, Kelsey; Kurup, Parthiv

This report provides insights into photovoltaic (PV) and concentrating solar power (CSP) manufacturing in the context of the U.S. Department of Energy's SunShot Initiative. Although global PV price reductions and deployment have been strong recently, PV manufacturing faces challenges. Slowing rates of manufacturing cost reductions, combined with the relatively low price of incumbent electricity generating sources in most large global PV markets, may constrain profit opportunities for firms and poses a potential challenge to the sustainable operation and growth of the global PV manufacturing base. In the United States, manufacturers also face a factors-of-production cost disadvantage compared with competing nations.more » However, the United States is one of the world's most competitive and innovative countries as well as one of the best locations for PV manufacturing. In conjunction with strong projected PV demand in the United States and across the Americas, these advantages could increase the share of PV technologies produced by U.S. manufacturers as the importance of innovation-driven PV cost reductions increases. Compared with PV, CSP systems are much more complex and require a much larger minimum effective scale, resulting in much higher total CAPEX requirements for system construction, lengthier development cycles, and ultimately higher costs of energy produced. The global lack of consistent CSP project development creates challenges for companies that manufacture specialty CSP components, and the potential lack of a near-term U.S. market could hinder domestic CSP manufacturers. However, global and U.S. CSP deployment is expected to expand beyond 2020, and U.S. CSP manufacturers could benefit from U.S. innovation advantages similar to those associated with PV. Expansion of PV and CSP manufacturing also presents U.S. job-growth opportunities.« less

But I Don't Understand You: One Faculty's Observations of the Challenges Facing International Healthcare Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DuBose, Cheryl O.

2017-01-01

International students face many challenges when pursuing a degree in higher education. Communication and cultural differences are typically cited as the most challenging aspects of any study abroad program. Students attempting to complete a healthcare program face sometimes insurmountable issues, as communication, cultural differences, and…

The Sisters of Mercy in the Crimean War: Lessons for Catholic health care

PubMed Central

Paradis, Mary Raphael; Hart, Edith Mary; O’Brien, Mary Judith

2017-01-01

In 1856, an appeal went out to nurses in both England and Ireland, and especially to religious nurses, to care for the troops fighting in the Crimean War. The Sisters of Mercy, founded in 1831 by Venerable Catherine McAuley, answered that call. This article describes the enormous challenges the Sisters faced in that mission, which was a test of their nursing skills, flexibility, organizational ability, and their spirit of mercy. The challenges they faced professionally and as religious Sisters, the manner in which they faced those challenges, and their spiritual lives as religious women shaped their ability to give comprehensive care. Some applications are made to the challenges which religious communities and organizations working in health care face in our country at this time. Summary: This article describes the challenges faced by a group of Sisters of Mercy from England and Ireland who volunteered to serve as nurses in the Crimean War from 1856 to 1858. Applications are made to challenges which are faced by religious communities and organizations in the current secular healthcare environment. PMID:28392597

The Sisters of Mercy in the Crimean War: Lessons for Catholic health care.

PubMed

Paradis, Mary Raphael; Hart, Edith Mary; O'Brien, Mary Judith

2017-02-01

In 1856, an appeal went out to nurses in both England and Ireland, and especially to religious nurses, to care for the troops fighting in the Crimean War. The Sisters of Mercy, founded in 1831 by Venerable Catherine McAuley, answered that call. This article describes the enormous challenges the Sisters faced in that mission, which was a test of their nursing skills, flexibility, organizational ability, and their spirit of mercy. The challenges they faced professionally and as religious Sisters, the manner in which they faced those challenges, and their spiritual lives as religious women shaped their ability to give comprehensive care. Some applications are made to the challenges which religious communities and organizations working in health care face in our country at this time. Summary: This article describes the challenges faced by a group of Sisters of Mercy from England and Ireland who volunteered to serve as nurses in the Crimean War from 1856 to 1858. Applications are made to challenges which are faced by religious communities and organizations in the current secular healthcare environment.

Health Care in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: A Review of Challenges and Opportunities

PubMed Central

Khoja, Tawfiq; Rawaf, Salman; Rawaf, David; Nanji, Kashmira; Hamad, Aisha

2017-01-01

This study was undertaken to review the health care status in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member states, and explore current challenges and future opportunities. Available data was acquired using databases including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. The data gathered was then combined and the expert authors in the field discussed and propose strategies to overcome the challenges. There is an increase in both population and health care needs of GCC States citizens and migrant workers. The huge emigrant population challenges the capability of the already limited available health care resources. The region is faced with a quadruple disease burden that includes communicable and non-communicable diseases, mental health issues and accidental injuries. Recent advances in technology have made breakthroughs in diagnosis and treatment modalities but with an increase in overall health care cost. Innovative and cost-effective strategies are required to cater the health care needs of people living in the GCC states. Policy makers should emphasize the need to prioritize and strengthen primary care as a matter of urgency. PMID:29062618

Health Care in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: A Review of Challenges and Opportunities.

PubMed

Khoja, Tawfiq; Rawaf, Salman; Qidwai, Waris; Rawaf, David; Nanji, Kashmira; Hamad, Aisha

2017-08-21

This study was undertaken to review the health care status in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member states, and explore current challenges and future opportunities. Available data was acquired using databases including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. The data gathered was then combined and the expert authors in the field discussed and propose strategies to overcome the challenges. There is an increase in both population and health care needs of GCC States citizens and migrant workers. The huge emigrant population challenges the capability of the already limited available health care resources. The region is faced with a quadruple disease burden that includes communicable and non-communicable diseases, mental health issues and accidental injuries. Recent advances in technology have made breakthroughs in diagnosis and treatment modalities but with an increase in overall health care cost. Innovative and cost-effective strategies are required to cater the health care needs of people living in the GCC states. Policy makers should emphasize the need to prioritize and strengthen primary care as a matter of urgency.

Promises and challenges in solid-state lighting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schubert, Fred

2010-03-01

Lighting technologies based on semiconductor light-emitting diodes (LEDs) offer unprecedented promises that include three major benefits: (i) Gigantic energy savings enabled by efficient conversion of electrical energy to optical energy; (ii) Substantial positive contributions to sustainability through reduced emissions of global-warming gases, acid-rain gases, and toxic substances such as mercury; and (iii) The creation of new paradigms in lighting driven by the unique controllability of solid-state lighting sources. Due to the powerful nature of these benefits, the transition from conventional lighting sources to solid-state lighting is virtually assured. This presentation will illustrate the new world of lighting and illustrate the pervasive changes to be expected in lighting, displays, communications, and biotechnology. The presentation will also address the formidable challenges that must be addressed to continue the further advancement of solid-state lighting technology. These challenges offer opportunities for research and innovation. Specific challenges include light management, carrier transport, and optical design. We will present some innovative approaches in order to solve known technical challenges faced by solid-state lighting. These approaches include the demonstration and use of new optical thin-film materials with a continuously tunable refractive index. These approaches also include the use of polarization-matched structures that reduce the polarization fields in GaInN LEDs and the hotly debated efficiency droop, that is, the decreasing LED efficiency at high currents.

Techno-economic, location, and carbon emission analysis of thermochemical biomass to transportation fuels

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wright, Mark Mba

There are significant technological and systemic challenges faced by today's advanced biofuel industry. These challenges stem from the current state-of-technology and from the system (consumer market, infrastructure, environment...) in which this emerging industry is being developed. The state-of-technology will improve with continued efforts in technology development, but novel approaches are required to investigate the systemic challenges that limit the adoption of advanced biofuels. The motivation of this dissertation is to address the question of how to find cost-effective, sustainable, and environmentally responsible pathways for the production of biofuels. Economic competitiveness, long-term viability, and benign environmental impact are key for biofuels to be embraced by industry, government, and consumers. Techno-economic, location, and carbon emission analysis are research methodologies that help address each of these issues. The research approach presented in this dissertation is to combine these three methodologies into a holistic study of advanced biofuel technologies. The value of techno-economic, location, and carbon emission analysis is limited when conducted in isolation because of current public perception towards energy technologies. Energy technologies are evaluated based on multiple criteria with a significant emphasis on the three areas investigated in this study. There are important aspects within each of these fields that could significantly limit the value of advances in other fields of study. Therefore, it is necessary that future research in advanced biofuels always consider the systemic challenges faced by novel developments.

An opportunity and an imperative: Chapter 11 in United States-Mexican Borderlands: Facing tomorrow's challenges through USGS science

USGS Publications Warehouse

Updike, Randall G.; Page, William R.

2013-01-01

Along the nearly 3,200 kilometers (almost 2,000 miles) of the United States–Mexican border, we are witnessing the expression of the challenges of the 21st century. The Borderlands have become a microcosm for the entire United States and Mexico; the issues faced in that region are felt throughout both nations—water availability and quality, ecosystem health, natural resource needs, safety from natural hazards, and human socioeconomic well-being. If these issues were not challenging enough, we now recognize that the difficulties of addressing them are exacerbated by the onset of climate change, and as we come to better understand the complexities of the components of these challenge themes, we discover that each part is inextricably intertwined with other overarching issues. Further, because we are a creative and progressive society, we all seek to understand and appreciate the natural environments associated with the Borderlands while at the same time benefitting from the region’s many social and economic values. It is little wonder that we as a society find it increasingly difficult to ask the right questions, much less find suitable answers to the questions we do ask. For the many scientists who have worked in the Borderlands and contributed to the preceding chapters, this circular is a way to describe to the two nations of the region the capabilities the U.S. Geological Survey can provide to assist in that quest for knowledge and understanding in preparation for the future.

Policy Approaches to Evaluation and Incentive Funding in U.S. and Mexican Higher Education. "Understanding the Differences": A Working Paper Series on Higher Education in the U.S. and Mexico. Working Paper #1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ewell, Peter T.; Kent, Rollin

This paper explores efforts of Mexico and the United States to obtain a significant return on their investment in postsecondary education. The authors establish a context for comparison between Mexico and the United States and discuss the challenges and central policy dilemmas that each country faces in implementing the policy tools of evaluation…

Identifying Barriers and Pathways to Success for Renewable Energy Development on American Indian Lands

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Necefer, Len Edward; Jones, Thomas Elisha

American Indian tribes possess lands rich with renewable energy (RE) resources. Tribes have great potential and need to develop these resources, yet face a host of barriers that continue to impede development. Understanding these challenges as well as the pathways that can be taken to overcome them may facilitate more economic development to meet community needs and better position tribes to play a role in securing a low-carbon energy future for the United States. This paper presents the results of an expert elicitation of 24 tribal energy experts from federal, tribal, academic, and private industry backgrounds to identify barriers andmore » opportunities for federally recognized tribes in the lower 48 states. Experts identified a number of unique challenges facing tribes including financing and funding, infrastructure, tribal leadership and staff, state-level influence, and partnerships. Cultural factors were seen only to be of concern with large-scale development. Tribal sovereignty is a significant motivation for RE development and has yet to be fully realized. Cultural considerations are critical to the success of future projects; smaller residential and community-scale projects may be a better fit. Improving partnerships between tribes and the private sector can increase RE deployment and overcome historical distrust. States can have a double-ended influence on projects within tribal lands through taxation.« less

Community in Online Higher Education: Challenges and Opportunities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arasaratnam-Smith, Lily A.; Northcote, Maria

2017-01-01

Exploring the challenges and opportunities associated with the concepts of community and communication in online higher education, this paper reconsiders the intention to replicate face-to-face learning and teaching strategies in online learning environments. Rather than beginning with the assumption that face-to-face education is the prototype…

Using a Conflict Conceptual Framework to Describe Challenges to Coordinated Patient Care from the Physicians’ and Pharmacists’ Perspective

PubMed Central

Maxwell, Leigh; Odukoya, Olufunmilola K.; Stone, Jamie A.; Chui, Michelle A.

2014-01-01

Background In an effort to increase cost-effectiveness of health care and reduce overall costs, patient-centered medical homes have been proposed to spur fundamental changes in the way primary care is delivered. One of the chief principles that describe a patient-centered medical home is that care is organized across all elements of the broader health care system, including community pharmacies. Objectives To identify and describe challenges to a physician-pharmacist approach to coordinating patient care. Methods A descriptive, exploratory, non-experimental study was conducted in Wisconsin (U.S. State) from June–December, 2011. Data were collected through two rounds of face-to-face interviews with physicians and community pharmacists. The first round involved one-on-one interviews with pharmacists and physicians. The second round brought pharmacist-physician dyads together in an open-ended interview exploring issues raised in the first round. Content analysis was guided by a conflict management conceptual framework using NVivo 10 qualitative software. Results A total of four major themes emerged from the conflict analysis of interviews that illustrate challenges to coordinated patient care: Scarce resources, technology design and usability, insurance constraints, and laws and policy governing patient care. The study findings indicate that both groups of healthcare professionals work within an environment of conflict and have to negotiate the challenges and strains that exist in the current healthcare system. Their need to work together, or interdependence, is primarily challenged by scarce resources and external interference. Conclusions Bringing physicians and pharmacists together for a face-to-face interaction successfully stimulated conversation about opportunities in which each profession could help the other to provide optimal care for their patients. This interaction appeared to dispel assumptions and build trust. Results of this project may provide pharmacists with the confidence to reach out to their physician colleagues to improve efficiencies and overall patient care. PMID:24440119

Probabilistic Elastic Part Model: A Pose-Invariant Representation for Real-World Face Verification.

PubMed

Li, Haoxiang; Hua, Gang

2018-04-01

Pose variation remains to be a major challenge for real-world face recognition. We approach this problem through a probabilistic elastic part model. We extract local descriptors (e.g., LBP or SIFT) from densely sampled multi-scale image patches. By augmenting each descriptor with its location, a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is trained to capture the spatial-appearance distribution of the face parts of all face images in the training corpus, namely the probabilistic elastic part (PEP) model. Each mixture component of the GMM is confined to be a spherical Gaussian to balance the influence of the appearance and the location terms, which naturally defines a part. Given one or multiple face images of the same subject, the PEP-model builds its PEP representation by sequentially concatenating descriptors identified by each Gaussian component in a maximum likelihood sense. We further propose a joint Bayesian adaptation algorithm to adapt the universally trained GMM to better model the pose variations between the target pair of faces/face tracks, which consistently improves face verification accuracy. Our experiments show that we achieve state-of-the-art face verification accuracy with the proposed representations on the Labeled Face in the Wild (LFW) dataset, the YouTube video face database, and the CMU MultiPIE dataset.

The Cauvery river basin in southern India: major challenges and possible solutions in the 21st century.

PubMed

Vanham, D; Weingartner, R; Rauch, W

2011-01-01

India is facing major challenges in its water resources management (WRM) sector. Water shortages are attributed to issues such as an explosion in population, rapid urbanization and industrialization, environmental degradation and inefficient water use, all aggravated by changing climate and its impacts on demand, supply and water quality. This paper focuses on the contemporary and future situation in the Cauvery river basin in Southern India, shared by different states, predominantly Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. As water issues largely fall under the authority of the states, inter-state water disputes have a long tradition in the Cauvery river basin. Future changes in precipitation during the two monsoon seasons will only increase these tensions. Both states depend on the arrival of these monsoon rains to water their crops and to replenish the groundwater. The paper identifies the major challenges and general possible solutions for sustainable WRM within the river basin. It synthesises the relevant literature, describes practices that should be addressed in the scope of integrated WRM--including water availability increase and demand management--and stresses the need for further quantitative analyses.

2005 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Hotel, Restaurant, and Tourism Management. (Program CIP: 52.0901--Hospitality Administration/Management)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bruce, Lady Anne; Chandler, Mark; Nichols, Raynette; Nevill, Becky

2005-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Surviving the Downturn: Challenges Faced by Appalachian Regional Collections during a Time of Reduced Resources

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brodsky, Marc; Hyde, Gene

2012-01-01

How have college and university-based archives and special collections fared over the past few years in the midst of an historically grim economic downturn? The authors conducted in-depth interviews with directors of 13 archival repositories at state universities and private colleges in the Appalachian region of Virginia, West Virginia, North…

Transforming Catholic Education through Research: The American Educational Research Association Catholic Education Special Interest Group

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Shane

2014-01-01

Catholic schools in the United States and abroad face numerous financial, cultural, and structural challenges due to contemporary education policies and economic trends. Within this climate, research about Catholic education is often conducted and leveraged in efforts to serve schools' most immediate needs. To be certain, research aimed at finding…

Investing in College Completion. The Progress of Education Reform. Volume 11, Number 4

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Education Commission of the States (NJ1), 2010

2010-01-01

States are faced with the difficult challenge of increasing college completion rates at a time of historic budget shortfalls. While most agree that increasing the education level of U.S. citizens is essential to future economic prosperity (and public revenue collection), institutions will need to meet the goal through the more efficient use of…

Technology in Education. The Progress of Education Reform, 2006. Volume 6, Number 6

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weiss, Suzanne

2006-01-01

For policymakers, educators and others interested in learning more about the one-to-one computing movement, this issue of "The Progress of Education Reform" spotlights three particularly useful resources: (1) a detailed review of the challenges faced by states and districts implementing laptop programs, and of lessons learned to date in…

The High-Stakes Literacies of Undocumented, Unaccompanied Immigrant Youth Detained in America

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cullerton, Alexis

2013-01-01

Every year, thousands of undocumented, unaccompanied immigrant youth take dangerous journeys to the United States only to be apprehended by Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) upon arrival. These youth, who are both involuntary and voluntary immigrants, are then faced with the challenge of having to navigate the complex contexts of the legal…

2007 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Food Products (Meats). (Program CIP: 01.0401 - Agricultural and Food Products Processing)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Research and Curriculum Unit, 2007

2007-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

Setting the Bar for High-Ability Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greene, Buck; Cross, Tracy L.

2013-01-01

Secondary school principals face no shortage of issues and challenges when it comes to ensuring that their teachers and students are ready for the Common Core State Standards. With so many issues competing for scarce time and resources, it is understandable that for many school leaders, the needs of high-ability and high-potential students are not…

How to Make STEM Education Cool for Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steel, David

2012-01-01

Of all U.S. high school students who graduated in 2011, only 45 percent were ready for college-level math and a mere 30 percent were ready for science, according to ACT, a college-entrance testing agency. These data reflect the great challenge facing the United States in preparing students for science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM)…

Positioning Faculty Support as a Strategy in Assuring Quality Online Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wang, Hong; Gould, Lawrence V.; King, Dennis

2009-01-01

With the rapid growth of online programs and courses at Fort Hays State University (FHSU), the university has faced the challenge of supporting faculty members as they transition to online teaching. Hong Wang, Lawrence V. Gould, and Dennis King share the comprehensive approach the university has developed, an approach that depends on effective…

Challenges in an Aging Society: Presidential Address to APPAM

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swartz, Katherine

2010-01-01

The United States is at a critical crossroads in its history right now. The public policy problems that the people are facing are complex and interrelated, and the demographic changes that are about to significantly change their country are not well understood by large numbers of people. In this presidential address to the Association for Public…

Using the Arts to Raise Awareness and Communicate Environmental Information in the Extension Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Curtis, David J.

2011-01-01

Extension services face an increasing challenge as the state of Australia's environment declines. It is, therefore, opportune to explore some innovations in the way extension is traditionally delivered. This paper introduces the concept of the visual and performing arts being useful in extension of natural resources management issues such as land…

"Hiding Our Snickers": "Weekly Mail" Journalists' Indirect Resistance in Apartheid South Africa

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trabold, Bryan

2006-01-01

In the mid- to late 1980s, the challenges facing the editors and journalists working for the South African antiapartheid newspaper, the "Weekly Mail," were formidable. In addition to the more than one hundred censorship laws already in place, the apartheid government had declared a series of states of emergency in a final and desperate…

2007 Mississippi Curriculum Framework: Secondary Agriculture Power and Machinery. (Program CIP: 01.0204 - Agricultural Power Machinery Operation)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

James, Lee; James, Terry; Washington, Lee; Taylor, John Grady; Rushing, Jimmy

2007-01-01

Secondary vocational-technical education programs in Mississippi are faced with many challenges resulting from sweeping educational reforms at the national and state levels. Schools and teachers are increasingly being held accountable for providing true learning activities to every student in the classroom. This accountability is measured through…

New Kids on the Block Schedule: Beginning Teachers Face Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zepeda, Sally J.; Mayers, R. Stewart

2001-01-01

Across the United States, an ever-increasing number of high schools have reevaluated their use of instructional time and have adopted some form of a block schedule. Block scheduling, an innovation grounded in Trump's Flexible Modular Scheduling Design, reorganizes the school day into extended blocks of time, each approximately 70 to 90 minutes.…

The Impact of Economic Crises on American Universities: Lessons from the Past

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

El-Khawas, Elaine

2011-01-01

Universities around the world have been affected by the recent global economic crisis. Many are challenged by reduced resources, yet they also face greater demands to help spur recovery in their respective countries. This paper explores how colleges and universities in the United States were affected by, and subsequently responded to, several 20th…

America's Young Adults: Special Issue, 2014

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cook, Traci; Kappeler, Evelyn; Ellis, Renee; Kominski, Robert; Cooper, Alexia; Smith, Erica; Donoghue, Brecht; Whitestone, Yuko; Snyder, Tom; Aud, Susan; Williamson, Lisa; Henderson, Steve; Steffen, Barry; Madans, Jennifer; Lukacs, Susan; Pastor, Patricia; Goldstrom, Ingrid; Han, Beth; Bures, Regina; Chamberlain, Seth; Despain, Jason; Chadwick, Laura; Park, Jennifer

2014-01-01

The well-being of young adults in the United States today remains an area of key interest to the public and policy-makers alike. This age group faces the well-known challenges of achieving financial and social independence while forming their own households at a time of greater economic uncertainty than in the past. Better understanding of the…