Goals, achievements of microelectronics program

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schronk, L.

1985-05-01

Besides reviewing the objectives of the government's microelectronics program, the Microelectronics Enterprise, the production of metal oxide semiconductors and bipolar integrated-circuit chips, specific research and development results to date, and the plans for future activity are discussed. Marketing and domestic demand are discussed.

Microwave, Semiconductor Research - Materials, Devices and Circuits.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-03-01

Phenomena, Gamisch/Partenkirchen, Germany, 1982 (Springer-Verlag, Berlin). 3. "Observation of nonlinear refractive index in molecular liquids by...in non-walled dielectric waveguide including a novel use of transverse resonance equivalent circuits for the treatment of dispersion in graded index ...number) This program covers the growth and assessment of Gallium Arsenide, and related compounds and alloys, for use in microwave, millimeter, and

The 1975 NASA/ASEE summer faculty fellowship research program. [research in the areas of aerospace engineering, aerospace systems, and information systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1975-01-01

A research program was conducted to further the professional knowledge of qualified engineering and science faculty members, to stimulate an exchange of ideas between participants and NASA engineers and scientists, and to enrich the research activities of the participants' institutions. Abstracts of reports submitted at the end of the program are presented. Topics investigated include multispectral photography, logic circuits, gravitation theories, information systems, fracture mechanics, holographic interferometry, surface acoustic wave technology, ion beams in the upper atmosphere, and hybrid microcircuits.

General purpose computer programs for numerically analyzing linear ac electrical and electronic circuits for steady-state conditions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Egebrecht, R. A.; Thorbjornsen, A. R.

1967-01-01

Digital computer programs determine steady-state performance characteristics of active and passive linear circuits. The ac analysis program solves the basic circuit parameters. The compiler program solves these circuit parameters and in addition provides a more versatile program by allowing the user to perform mathematical and logical operations.

Development of single cell lithium ion battery model using Scilab/Xcos

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arianto, Sigit; Yunaningsih, Rietje Y.; Astuti, Edi Tri; Hafiz, Samsul

2016-02-01

In this research, a lithium battery model, as a component in a simulation environment, was developed and implemented using Scicos/Xcos graphical language programming. Scicos used in this research was actually Xcos that is a variant of Scicos which is embedded in Scilab. The equivalent circuit model used in modeling the battery was Double Polarization (DP) model. DP model consists of one open circuit voltage (VOC), one internal resistance (Ri), and two parallel RC circuits. The parameters of the battery were extracted using Hybrid Power Pulse Characterization (HPPC) testing. In this experiment, the Double Polarization (DP) electrical circuit model was used to describe the lithium battery dynamic behavior. The results of simulation of the model were validated with the experimental results. Using simple error analysis, it was found out that the biggest error was 0.275 Volt. It was occurred mostly at the low end of the state of charge (SOC).

Complementary Metal-Oxide-Silicon (CMOS)-Memristor Hybrid Nanoelectronics for Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Encryption

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-04-01

with Al top electrodes and Cu bottom electrodes. ................... 9 Figure 4. SPICE netlist structure...memory elements play a part in logic gate. 4.4.2 Simulation SPICE Simulation Program for Integrated Circuits Emphasis ( SPICE ) is a general-purpose...analog circuit simulator that was developed at the Electronics Research Laboratory of the University of California, Berkeley [6]. In 1975, SPICE

Onboard calibration circuit for the DAMPE BGO calorimeter front-end electronics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, De-Liang; Feng, Chang-Qing; Zhang, Jun-Bin; Wang, Qi; Ma, Si-Yuan; Shen, Zhong-Tao; Jiang, Di; Gao, Shan-Shan; Zhang, Yun-Long; Guo, Jian-Hua; Liu, Shu-Bin; An, Qi

2016-05-01

DAMPE (DArk Matter Particle Explorer) is a scientific satellite which is mainly aimed at indirectly searching for dark matter in space. One critical sub-detector of the DAMPE payload is the BGO (bismuth germanium oxide) calorimeter, which contains 1848 PMT (photomultiplier tube) dynodes and 16 FEE (Front-End Electronics) boards. VA160 and VATA160, two 32-channel low power ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits), are adopted as the key components on the FEEs to perform charge measurement for the PMT signals. In order to monitor the parameter drift which may be caused by temperature variation, aging, or other environmental factors, an onboard calibration circuit is designed for the VA160 and VATA160 ASICs. It is mainly composed of a 12-bit DAC (Digital to Analog Converter), an operational amplifier and an analog switch. Test results showed that a dynamic range of 0-30 pC with a precision of 5 fC (Root Meam Square, RMS) was achieved, which covers the VA160’s input range. It can be used to compensate for the temperature drift and test the trigger function of the FEEs. The calibration circuit has been implemented for the front-end electronics of the BGO Calorimeter and verified by all the environmental tests for both Qualification Model and Flight Model of DAMPE. The DAMPE satellite was launched at the end of 2015 and the calibration circuit will operate periodically in space. Supported by Strategic Priority Research Program on Space Science of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA04040202-4), and National Basic Research Program (973 Program) of China (2010CB833002) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (11273070)

Electronic Components and Circuits for Extreme Temperature Environments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Patterson, Richard L.; Hammoud, Ahmad; Dickman, John E.; Gerber, Scott

2003-01-01

Planetary exploration missions and deep space probes require electrical power management and control systems that are capable of efficient and reliable operation in very low temperature environments. Presently, spacecraft operating in the cold environment of deep space carry a large number of radioisotope heating units in order to maintain the surrounding temperature of the on-board electronics at approximately 20 C. Electronics capable of operation at cryogenic temperatures will not only tolerate the hostile environment of deep space but also reduce system size and weight by eliminating or reducing the radioisotope heating units and their associate structures; thereby reducing system development as well as launch costs. In addition, power electronic circuits designed for operation at low temperatures are expected to result in more efficient systems than those at room temperature. This improvement results from better behavior and tolerance in the electrical and thermal properties of semiconductor and dielectric materials at low temperatures. The Low Temperature Electronics Program at the NASA Glenn Research Center focuses on research and development of electrical components, circuits, and systems suitable for applications in the aerospace environment and deep space exploration missions. Research is being conducted on devices and systems for reliable use down to cryogenic temperatures. Some of the commercial-off-the-shelf as well as developed components that are being characterized include switching devices, resistors, magnetics, and capacitors. Semiconductor devices and integrated circuits including digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters, DC/DC converters, operational amplifiers, and oscillators are also being investigated for potential use in low temperature applications. An overview of the NASA Glenn Research Center Low Temperature Electronic Program will be presented in this paper. A description of the low temperature test facilities along with selected data obtained through in-house component and circuit testing will also be discussed. Ongoing research activities that are being performed in collaboration with various organizations will also be presented.

Differential vulnerability to adverse nutritional conditions in male and female rats: Modulatory role of estradiol during development.

PubMed

Pinos, Helena; Carrillo, Beatriz; Díaz, Francisca; Chowen, Julie A; Collado, Paloma

2018-01-01

Many studies have shown the importance of an adequate nutritional environment during development to optimally establish the neurohormonal circuits that regulate feeding behavior. Under- or over-nutrition during early stages of life can lead to alterations in the physiology and brain networks that control food intake, resulting in a greater vulnerability to suffer maladjustments in energy metabolism in adulthood. These alterations produced by under- or over-nourishment during development differ between males and females, as does the modulatory action that estradiol exerts on the alterations produced by malnutrition. Estradiol regulates metabolism and brain metabolic circuits through the same transcription factor pathway, STAT3, that leptin and ghrelin use to program feeding circuits. Although more research is needed to disentangle the actual role of estradiol during development on the programming of feeding circuits, a synergistic role together with leptin and/or ghrelin might be hypothesized. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Bridging the Gap: establishing the necessary infrastructure and knowledge for teaching and research in neuroscience in Africa.

PubMed

Yusuf, Sadiq; Baden, Tom; Prieto-Godino, Lucia L

2014-06-01

Advances in neuroscience research over the last few decades have increased our understanding of how individual neurons acquire their specific properties and assemble into complex circuits, and how these circuits are affected in disease. One of the important motives driving neuroscience research is the development of new scientific techniques and interdisciplinary cooperation. Compared to developed countries, many countries on the African continent are confronted with poor facilities, lack of funding or career development programs for neuroscientists, all of which deter young scientists from taking up neuroscience as a career choice. This article highlights some steps that are being taken to promote neuroscience education and research in Africa.

Summer Research Program (1992). High School Apprenticeship Program (HSAP) Reports. Volume 14. Rome Laboratory.

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-12-28

analysis. Marvin Minsky , carefully applying mathematical techniques, developed rigo.,ous theorems regarding netwcrk operation. His research led to the...electrical circuits but was later convened to computer simulation, which is still commonly used today. Early success by - Marvirn Minsky , Frank...publication of the book Perceptrons ( Minsky and Papert 1969), in which he and Seymore Papert proved that the single-layer networks then in use were

Printed wiring board system programmer's manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brinkerhoff, C. D.

1973-01-01

The printed wiring board system provides automated techniques for the design of printed circuit boards and hybrid circuit boards. The system consists of four programs: (1) the preprocessor program combines user supplied data and pre-defined library data to produce the detailed circuit description data; (2) the placement program assigns circuit components to specific areas of the board in a manner that optimizes the total interconnection length of the circuit; (3) the organizer program assigns pin interconnections to specific board levels and determines the optimal order in which the router program should attempt to layout the paths connecting the pins; and (4) the router program determines the wire paths which are to be used to connect each input pin pair on the circuit board. This document is intended to serve as a programmer's reference manual for the printed wiring board system. A detailed description of the internal logic and flow of the printed wiring board programs is included.

An equivalent circuit model for terahertz quantum cascade lasers: Modeling and experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yao, Chen; Xu, Tian-Hong; Wan, Wen-Jian; Zhu, Yong-Hao; Cao, Jun-Cheng

2015-09-01

Terahertz quantum cascade lasers (THz QCLs) emitted at 4.4 THz are fabricated and characterized. An equivalent circuit model is established based on the five-level rate equations to describe their characteristics. In order to illustrate the capability of the model, the steady and dynamic performances of the fabricated THz QCLs are simulated by the model. Compared to the sophisticated numerical methods, the presented model has advantages of fast calculation and good compatibility with circuit simulation for system-level designs and optimizations. The validity of the model is verified by the experimental and numerical results. Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2014CB339803), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2011AA010205), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61131006, 61321492, and 61404149), the Major National Development Project of Scientific Instrument and Equipment, China (Grant No. 2011YQ150021), the National Science and Technology Major Project, China (Grant No. 2011ZX02707), the Major Project, China (Grant No. YYYJ-1123-1), the International Collaboration and Innovation Program on High Mobility Materials Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology, China (Grant Nos. 14530711300).

The value of closed-circuit rebreathers for biological research

USGS Publications Warehouse

Pyle, Richrad L.; Lobel, Phillip S.; Tomoleoni, Joseph

2016-01-01

Closed-circuit rebreathers have been used for underwater biological research since the late 1960s, but have only started to gain broader application within scientific diving organizations within the past two decades. Rebreathers offer certain specific advantages for such research, especially for research involving behavior and surveys that depend on unobtrusive observers or for a stealthy approach to wildlife for capture and tagging, research that benefits from extended durations underwater, and operations requiring access to relatively deep (>50 m) environments (especially in remote locations). Although many institutions have been slow to adopt rebreather technology within their diving programs, recent developments in rebreather technology that improve safety, standardize training requirements, and reduce costs of equipment and maintenance, will likely result in a trend of increasing utilization of rebreathers for underwater biological research.

Computer-aided linear-circuit design.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Penfield, P.

1971-01-01

Usually computer-aided design (CAD) refers to programs that analyze circuits conceived by the circuit designer. Among the services such programs should perform are direct network synthesis, analysis, optimization of network parameters, formatting, storage of miscellaneous data, and related calculations. The program should be embedded in a general-purpose conversational language such as BASIC, JOSS, or APL. Such a program is MARTHA, a general-purpose linear-circuit analyzer embedded in APL.

Macromodels of digital integrated circuits for program packages of circuit engineering design

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Petrenko, A. I.; Sliusar, P. B.; Timchenko, A. P.

1984-04-01

Various aspects of the generation of macromodels of digital integrated circuits are examined, and their effective application in program packages of circuit engineering design is considered. Three levels of macromodels are identified, and the application of such models to the simulation of circuit outputs is discussed.

A low noise interface circuit design of micro-machined gyroscope

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fu, Qiang; Di, Xipeng; Yin, Liang; Liu, Xiaowei

2017-07-01

The analyses of MEMS gyroscope interface circuit on thermal noise, 1/f noise and phase noise are made in this paper. A closed-loop differential driving circuit and a low-noise differential detecting circuit based on the high frequency modulation are designed to limit the noise. The interface chip is implemented in a standard 0.5 μm CMOS process. The test results show that the resolution of sensitive capacity can reach to 6.47 × 10-20 F at the bandwidth of 60 Hz. The measuring range is ± 200°/s and the nonlinearity is 310 ppm. The output noise density is 5.8^\\circ/({{h}}\\cdot \\sqrt{{Hz}}). The angular random walk (allen-variance) is 0.092^\\circ/\\sqrt{{{h}}} and the bias instability is 2.63°/h. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61204121), the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (No. 2013AA041107), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. HIT.NSRIF.2013040).

The Major Mobilization of the Unconscious and the Total Removal of Resistance in Davanloo's Intensive Short-term Dynamic Psychotherapy Part I: An Introduction.

PubMed

Hickey, Catherine

2015-01-01

Davanloo's Intensive Short-term Dynamic Psychotherapy has been the subject of various reviews. Davanloo has published extensively on his early work, but there have been no publications on his most recent work-most notably his Montreal Closed-circuit training program. This program focuses on his most recent discoveries and techniques and is a unique, videotaped supervisory program. It focuses on self-assessment and peer-assessment. It is also a unique format in which to review Davanloo's theoretical conceptions of resistance and the transference component of the resistance. This paper will review the early work of Davanloo as well as his most recent research findings. A case from the Montreal Closed-circuit training program will be reviewed in detail to highlight these findings.

Electronics Demonstrated for Low- Temperature Operation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Patterson, Richard L.; Hammond, Ahmad; Gerber, Scott S.

2000-01-01

The operation of electronic systems at cryogenic temperatures is anticipated for many NASA spacecraft, such as planetary explorers and deep space probes. For example, an unheated interplanetary probe launched to explore the rings of Saturn would experience an average temperature near Saturn of about 183 C. Electronics capable of low-temperature operation in the harsh deep space environment also would help improve circuit performance, increase system efficiency, and reduce payload development and launch costs. An ongoing research and development program on low-temperature electronics at the NASA Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field is focusing on the design of efficient power systems that can survive and exploit the advantages of low-temperature environments. The targeted systems, which are mission driven, include converters, inverters, controls, digital circuits, and special-purpose circuits. Initial development efforts successfully demonstrated the low-temperature operation and cold-restart of several direct-current/direct-current (dc/dc) converters based on different types of circuit design, some with superconducting inductors. The table lists some of these dc/dc converters with their properties, and the photograph shows a high-voltage, high-power dc/dc converter designed for an ion propulsion system for low-temperature operation. The development efforts of advanced electronic systems and the supporting technologies for low-temperature operation are being carried out in-house and through collaboration with other Government agencies, industry, and academia. The Low Temperature Electronics Program supports missions and development programs at NASA s Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Goddard Space Flight Center. The developed technologies will be transferred to commercial end users for applications such as satellite infrared sensors and medical diagnostic equipment.

STICAP: A linear circuit analysis program with stiff systems capability. Volume 1: Theory manual. [network analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cooke, C. H.

1975-01-01

STICAP (Stiff Circuit Analysis Program) is a FORTRAN 4 computer program written for the CDC-6400-6600 computer series and SCOPE 3.0 operating system. It provides the circuit analyst a tool for automatically computing the transient responses and frequency responses of large linear time invariant networks, both stiff and nonstiff (algorithms and numerical integration techniques are described). The circuit description and user's program input language is engineer-oriented, making simple the task of using the program. Engineering theories underlying STICAP are examined. A user's manual is included which explains user interaction with the program and gives results of typical circuit design applications. Also, the program structure from a systems programmer's viewpoint is depicted and flow charts and other software documentation are given.

USAF/SCEEE Summer Faculty Research Program (1979). Volume 1

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-12-01

Optimum equipment arrangement for transmit and receive channels (d) Communication circuit performance between ships in a task force 5-11 p.: I ( e ...management and of an efficient communications system, and e ) the format to be used for future programs. The author was selected to assist with the...Problems in Fusion Research, Knoxville, Tennessee, October, 1977, pp. 741-745. 4. C. E . Oberly, Private Communication . 5. G. J. Gabriel, "Theory of

NASA Tech Briefs, March 1995

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1995-01-01

This issue contains articles with a special focus on Computer-Aided design and engineering amd a research report on the Ames Research Center. Other subjects in this issue are: Electronic Components and Circuits, Electronic Systems, Physical Sciences, Materials, Computer Programs, Mechanics, Machinery, Manufacturing/Fabrication, Mathematics and Information Sciences and Life Sciences

PUZZLE - A program for computer-aided design of printed circuit artwork

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harrell, D. A. W.; Zane, R.

1971-01-01

Program assists in solving spacing problems encountered in printed circuit /PC/ design. It is intended to have maximum use for two-sided PC boards carrying integrated circuits, and also aids design of discrete component circuits.

Assessment of SOI Devices and Circuits at Extreme Temperatures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Elbuluk, Malik; Hammoud, Ahmad; Patterson, Richard L.

2007-01-01

Electronics designed for use in future NASA space exploration missions are expected to encounter extreme temperatures and wide thermal swings. Such missions include planetary surface exploration, bases, rovers, landers, orbiters, and satellites. Electronics designed for such applications must, therefore, be able to withstand exposure to extreme temperatures and to perform properly for the duration of mission. The Low Temperature Electronics Program at the NASA Glenn Research Center focuses on research and development of electrical devices, circuits, and systems suitable for applications in deep space exploration missions and aerospace environment. Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) technology has been under active consideration in the electronics industry for many years due to the advantages that it can provide in integrated circuit (IC) chips and computer processors. Faster switching, less power, radiationtolerance, reduced leakage, and high temp-erature capability are some of the benefits that are offered by using SOI-based devices. A few SOI circuits are available commercially. However, there is a noticeable interest in SOI technology for different applications. Very little data, however, exist on the performance of such circuits under cryogenic temperatures. In this work, the performance of SOI integrated circuits, evaluated under low temperature and thermal cycling, are reported. In particular, three examples of SOI circuits that have been tested for operation at low at temperatures are given. These circuits are SOI operational amplifiers, timers and power MOSFET drivers. The investigations were carried out to establish a baseline on the functionality and to determine suitability of these circuits for use in space exploration missions at cryogenic temperatures. The findings are useful to mission planners and circuit designers so that proper selection of electronic parts can be made, and risk assessment can be established for such circuits for use in space missions.

Design and test of a capacitance detection circuit based on a transimpedance amplifier

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Linfeng, Mu; Wendong, Zhang; Changde, He; Rui, Zhang; Jinlong, Song; Chenyang, Xue

2015-07-01

This paper presents a transimpedance amplifier (TIA) capacitance detection circuit aimed at detecting micro-capacitance, which is caused by ultrasonic stimulation applied to the capacitive micro-machined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT). In the capacitance interface, a TIA is adopted to amplify the received signal with a center frequency of 400 kHz, and finally detect ultrasound pressure. The circuit has a strong anti-stray property and this paper also studies the calculation of compensation capacity in detail. To ensure high resolution, noise analysis is conducted. After optimization, the detected minimum ultrasound pressure is 2.1 Pa, which is two orders of magnitude higher than the former. The test results showed that the circuit was sensitive to changes in ultrasound pressure and the distance between the CMUT and stumbling block, which also successfully demonstrates the functionality of the developed TIA of the analog-front-end receiver. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61127008) and the Subsidized Program of the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No. 2011AA040404).

Construction and Analysis of Electronic circuits

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thomas, Ashley N.

2004-01-01

The Aviation Environmental Technical Branch produces many various types of aeronautical research that benefits the NASA mission for space exploration and in turn, produces new technology for our nation. One of the present goals of the Aviation Environmental Technical Branch is to create better engines for airplanes by testing supersonic jet propulsion and safe fuel combustion. During the summer of 2004, I was hired by Vincent Sattenvhite Chief executive of the Aviation Environmental Technical Branch to Assist Yves Lamothe with a fuel igniter circuit. Yves Lamothe is an electrical engineer who is currently working on safe fuel combustion testing. This testing is planned to determine the minimum ignition energy for fuel and air vapors of current and alternative fuels under simulated flight conditions. An air temperature bath will provide simulated flight profile temperatures and the heat fluxes to the test chamber. I was assigned with Yves to help complete the igniter circuit which consists of a 36k voltage supply an oscilloscope, and a high voltage transistor switch. During my tenure in the L.E.C.I.R.P. program I studied the basics of electricity and circuitry along with two other projects that I completed. In the beginning of my internship, I devote all of my time to research the aspects of circuitry so that I would be prepared for the projects that I was assigned to do. I read about lessons on; the basic physical concepts of electronics, Electrical units, Basic dc circuits, direct current circuit analysis, resistance and cell batteries, various types of magnetism , Alternating current basics, inductance, and power supplies. I received work sheets and math equations from my Mentor so that I could be able to apply these concepts into my work. After I complete my studies, I went on to construct a LED chaser circuit which displays a series of light patterns using a 555 timer. I incorporated a switch and motion detector into the circuit to create basic alarm system. This project challenged my ability to interpret a schematic and expand it. While I was still completing the LED chaser circuit I Also was given A Basic Stamp Toddler Robot to build and program. The Toddler robot can walk in 36 various styles using advanced robotics. I used many different programs to create movement and direction of the robot. Also the Toddler can use infrared vision to sense objects. This enables the robot to maneuver indefinitely without running into objects. During my tenure at the NASA Glen Research Center I definite utilized the NASA mission to educate. I learned valuable information to help in my up coming year as a freshman in college.

Department of Defense statement on the X-ray Lithography Program to the Research and Development Subcommittee of the House Armed Services Committee of 100th Congress, second session

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maynard, E. D., Jr.

1988-03-01

The Department has a broad and necessarily diverse program in semiconductor science and technology. The three principal goals of that effort are: Reduce the gap between commercial integrated circuit usage and its deployment in military systems, assure a healthy on-shore industrial base to support our defense needs, enhance the producibility of specialized military semiconductor products. The major effort to achieve the first of these objectives is the Very High Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) Program which is nearing completion. The Microwave/millimeter wave Monolithic Integrated Circuit (MIMIC) program has just completed a study program to define the product mix needed to meet military system requirements for radar, electronic warfare, smart weapons and telecommunications. We are bringing together the system requirements of all DoD with the device fabrication and product delivery capabilities of industry in an Infrared Focal Plane Array (IRFPA) program. The goal of the Software Initiative is to enhance our warfighting capability through development of efficient software generation technology and products plus the creation of a technology infusion infrastructure to couple the technology and products to system applications. The X-Ray Lithography Program will begin to establish the industrial base which will be required to sustain U.S. leadership in the semiconductor industry for the late 1990s.

Inkjet printed large-area flexible circuits: a simple methodology for optimizing the printing quality

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cheng, Tao; Wu, Youwei; Shen, Xiaoqin; Lai, Wenyong; Huang, Wei

2018-01-01

In this work, a simple methodology was developed to enhance the patterning resolution of inkjet printing, involving process optimization as well as substrate modification and treatment. The line width of the inkjet-printed silver lines was successfully reduced to 1/3 of the original value using this methodology. Large-area flexible circuits with delicate patterns and good morphology were thus fabricated. The resultant flexible circuits showed excellent electrical conductivity as low as 4.5 Ω/□ and strong tolerance to mechanical bending. The simple methodology is also applicable to substrates with various wettability, which suggests a general strategy to enhance the printing quality of inkjet printing for manufacturing high-performance large-area flexible electronics. Project supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (Nos. 2014CB648300, 2017YFB0404501), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21422402, 21674050), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Nos. BK20140060, BK20130037, BK20140865, BM2012010), the Program for Jiangsu Specially-Appointed Professors (No. RK030STP15001), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No. NCET-13-0872), the NUPT "1311 Project" and Scientific Foundation (Nos. NY213119, NY213169), the Synergetic Innovation Center for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), the Leading Talent of Technological Innovation of National Ten-Thousands Talents Program of China, the Excellent Scientific and Technological Innovative Teams of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (No. TJ217038), the Program for Graduate Students Research and Innovation of Jiangsu Province (No. KYZZ16-0253), and the 333 Project of Jiangsu Province (Nos. BRA2017402, BRA2015374).

Digital Circuit Analysis Using an 8080 Processor.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greco, John; Stern, Kenneth

1983-01-01

Presents the essentials of a program written in Intel 8080 assembly language for the steady state analysis of a combinatorial logic gate circuit. Program features and potential modifications are considered. For example, the program could also be extended to include clocked/unclocked sequential circuits. (JN)

Design and implementation of a programming circuit in radiation-hardened FPGA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lihua, Wu; Xiaowei, Han; Yan, Zhao; Zhongli, Liu; Fang, Yu; Chen, Stanley L.

2011-08-01

We present a novel programming circuit used in our radiation-hardened field programmable gate array (FPGA) chip. This circuit provides the ability to write user-defined configuration data into an FPGA and then read it back. The proposed circuit adopts the direct-access programming point scheme instead of the typical long token shift register chain. It not only saves area but also provides more flexible configuration operations. By configuring the proposed partial configuration control register, our smallest configuration section can be conveniently configured as a single data and a flexible partial configuration can be easily implemented. The hierarchical simulation scheme, optimization of the critical path and the elaborate layout plan make this circuit work well. Also, the radiation hardened by design programming point is introduced. This circuit has been implemented in a static random access memory (SRAM)-based FPGA fabricated by a 0.5 μm partial-depletion silicon-on-insulator CMOS process. The function test results of the fabricated chip indicate that this programming circuit successfully realizes the desired functions in the configuration and read-back. Moreover, the radiation test results indicate that the programming circuit has total dose tolerance of 1 × 105 rad(Si), dose rate survivability of 1.5 × 1011 rad(Si)/s and neutron fluence immunity of 1 × 1014 n/cm2.

Compact, Robust Chips Integrate Optical Functions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2010-01-01

Located in Bozeman, Montana, AdvR Inc. has been an active partner in NASA's Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) programs. Langley Research Center engineers partnered with AdvR through the SBIR program to develop new, compact, lightweight electro-optic components for remote sensing systems. While the primary customer for this technology will be NASA, AdvR foresees additional uses for its NASA-derived circuit chip in the fields of academic and industrial research anywhere that compact, low-cost, stabilized single-frequency lasers are needed.

Alterations in Strength and Maximal Oxygen Uptake Consequent to Nautilus Circuit Weight Training.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Messier, Stephen P.; Dill, Mary Elizabeth

1985-01-01

The study compared the effects on muscular strength and maximal oxygen uptake of a Nautilus circuit weight training program, a free weight strength training program, and a running program. Nautilus circuit weight training appears to be equally effective for a training period of short duration. (MT)

U.S. Army’s Ground Vehicle Energy Storage R&D Programs & Goals

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-11-10

STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES Briefing to ARPA-E BEEST Meeting 14. ABSTRACT NA 15...Program Collaboration & DOD Customers DOE Material Developers Battery Developers ANL USABC National Labs Universities Industrial Developers...qualification for military lead acid batteries; 6 water baths, 31 circuits, 1 thermal chamber • Electrochemical Research & Analysis Lab (EARL

Navy Personnel Research and Development Center Independent Research and Independent Exploratory Development Programs for FY 87.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-04-01

also employed as a marketing and advertising consultant and did research and post doctoral studies at the University of Iowa and the University of...Phtior R I to decrcae’ In this example there is onlN one condition that could cause the r ,ult dCe, rib’,. I1 ou carefully examine de circuit and the po

Genetic programs constructed from layered logic gates in single cells

PubMed Central

Moon, Tae Seok; Lou, Chunbo; Tamsir, Alvin; Stanton, Brynne C.; Voigt, Christopher A.

2014-01-01

Genetic programs function to integrate environmental sensors, implement signal processing algorithms and control expression dynamics1. These programs consist of integrated genetic circuits that individually implement operations ranging from digital logic to dynamic circuits2–6, and they have been used in various cellular engineering applications, including the implementation of process control in metabolic networks and the coordination of spatial differentiation in artificial tissues. A key limitation is that the circuits are based on biochemical interactions occurring in the confined volume of the cell, so the size of programs has been limited to a few circuits1,7. Here we apply part mining and directed evolution to build a set of transcriptional AND gates in Escherichia coli. Each AND gate integrates two promoter inputs and controls one promoter output. This allows the gates to be layered by having the output promoter of an upstream circuit serve as the input promoter for a downstream circuit. Each gate consists of a transcription factor that requires a second chaperone protein to activate the output promoter. Multiple activator–chaperone pairs are identified from type III secretion pathways in different strains of bacteria. Directed evolution is applied to increase the dynamic range and orthogonality of the circuits. These gates are connected in different permutations to form programs, the largest of which is a 4-input AND gate that consists of 3 circuits that integrate 4 inducible systems, thus requiring 11 regulatory proteins. Measuring the performance of individual gates is sufficient to capture the behaviour of the complete program. Errors in the output due to delays (faults), a common problem for layered circuits, are not observed. This work demonstrates the successful layering of orthogonal logic gates, a design strategy that could enable the construction of large, integrated circuits in single cells. PMID:23041931

An advanced SEU tolerant latch based on error detection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Hui; Zhu, Jianwei; Lu, Xiaoping; Li, Jingzhao

2018-05-01

This paper proposes a latch that can mitigate SEUs via an error detection circuit. The error detection circuit is hardened by a C-element and a stacked PMOS. In the hold state, a particle strikes the latch or the error detection circuit may cause a fault logic state of the circuit. The error detection circuit can detect the upset node in the latch and the fault output will be corrected. The upset node in the error detection circuit can be corrected by the C-element. The power dissipation and propagation delay of the proposed latch are analyzed by HSPICE simulations. The proposed latch consumes about 77.5% less energy and 33.1% less propagation delay than the triple modular redundancy (TMR) latch. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed latch can mitigate SEU effectively. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61404001, 61306046), the Anhui Province University Natural Science Research Major Project (No. KJ2014ZD12), the Huainan Science and Technology Program (No. 2013A4011), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61371025).

Nonlinear system analysis in bipolar integrated circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fang, T. F.; Whalen, J. J.

1980-01-01

Since analog bipolar integrated circuits (IC's) have become important components in modern communication systems, the study of the Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) effects in bipolar IC amplifiers is an important subject for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) engineering. The investigation has focused on using the nonlinear circuit analysis program (NCAP) to predict RF demodulation effects in broadband bipolar IC amplifiers. The audio frequency (AF) voltage at the IC amplifier output terminal caused by an amplitude modulated (AM) RF signal at the IC amplifier input terminal was calculated and compared to measured values. Two broadband IC amplifiers were investigated: (1) a cascode circuit using a CA3026 dual differential pair; (2) a unity gain voltage follower circuit using a micro A741 operational amplifier (op amp). Before using NCAP for RFI analysis, the model parameters for each bipolar junction transistor (BJT) in the integrated circuit were determined. Probe measurement techniques, manufacturer's data, and other researcher's data were used to obtain the required NCAP BJT model parameter values. An important contribution included in this effort is a complete set of NCAP BJT model parameters for most of the transistor types used in linear IC's.

Concepts for on-board satellite image registration. Volume 3: Impact of VLSI/VHSIC on satellite on-board signal processing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Aanstoos, J. V.; Snyder, W. E.

1981-01-01

Anticipated major advances in integrated circuit technology in the near future are described as well as their impact on satellite onboard signal processing systems. Dramatic improvements in chip density, speed, power consumption, and system reliability are expected from very large scale integration. Improvements are expected from very large scale integration enable more intelligence to be placed on remote sensing platforms in space, meeting the goals of NASA's information adaptive system concept, a major component of the NASA End-to-End Data System program. A forecast of VLSI technological advances is presented, including a description of the Defense Department's very high speed integrated circuit program, a seven-year research and development effort.

"Report to the Legislature on": The Implementation of the Special Education Reimbursement ("Circuit Breaker") Program. Line-Item 7061-0012

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Massachusetts Department of Education, 2008

2008-01-01

This paper reports on the implementation of the Special Education Reimbursement ("Circuit Breaker") Program. Fiscal Year 2007 is the fourth year implementing the Circuit Breaker reimbursement program which provides additional state support for students with disabilities. School districts are eligible for a reimbursement of eligible costs…

Demonstration of Inexact Computing Implemented in the JPEG Compression Algorithm using Probabilistic Boolean Logic applied to CMOS Components

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-24

Signal to Noise Ratio SPICE Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis TIFF Tagged Image File Format USC University of Southern California xvii...sources can create errors in digital circuits. These effects can be simulated using Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis ( SPICE ) or...compute summary statistics. 4.1 Circuit Simulations Noisy analog circuits can be simulated in SPICE or Cadence SpectreTM software via noisy voltage

E-Learning System for Learning Virtual Circuit Making with a Microcontroller and Programming to Control a Robot

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Takemura, Atsushi

2015-01-01

This paper proposes a novel e-Learning system for learning electronic circuit making and programming a microcontroller to control a robot. The proposed e-Learning system comprises a virtual-circuit-making function for the construction of circuits with a versatile, Arduino microcontroller and an educational system that can simulate behaviors of…

Proceedings of the International Topical Conference on Electron Beam Research and Technology, Held in Albuquerque, New Mexico on 3-6 November 1975. Volume 1

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-11-01

was short- circuited by the surface current flowing in the skin-layer of a plasma channel. This current induced the magnetic field around the channel...subjects in the program of REB application to pulsed fusion. For this reason it was decided to carry out scaling experiments on multi- module radial...Sci. Instr. 41_, 1334 (1970). 7. M. Friedman and M. Ury, Rev. Sci. Instr. 43, 1659 (1972). 372 Figure 1. Circuit Diagram for the Long Pulse

"Here Today, Gone Next Week": Some Lessons for the Delivery of Itinerant Primary Schooling of a Distance Education Program Designed for the Children of the Showmen's Guild of Australasia.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wyer, Doug; And Others

This paper presents initial results of research on a distance education program developed in 1989 for the children of the Showmen's Guild of Australasia. The program accommodates the mobility of children and their parents who are rarely in any town for more than a week during the show circuit. The children complete correspondence lessons in…

A novel interface circuit for triboelectric nanogenerator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, Wuqi; Ma, Jiahao; Zhang, Zhaohua; Ren, Tianling

2017-10-01

For most triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), the electric output should be a short AC pulse, which has the common characteristic of high voltage but low current. Thus it is necessary to convert the AC to DC and store the electric energy before driving conventional electronics. The traditional AC voltage regulator circuit which commonly consists of transformer, rectifier bridge, filter capacitor, and voltage regulator diode is not suitable for the TENG because the transformer’s consumption of power is appreciable if the TENG output is small. This article describes an innovative design of an interface circuit for a triboelectric nanogenerator that is transformerless and easily integrated. The circuit consists of large-capacity electrolytic capacitors that can realize to intermittently charge lithium-ion batteries and the control section contains the charging chip, the rectifying circuit, a comparator chip and switch chip. More important, the whole interface circuit is completely self-powered and self-controlled. Meanwhile, the chip is widely used in the circuit, so it is convenient to integrate into PCB. In short, this work presents a novel interface circuit for TENGs and makes progress to the practical application and industrialization of nanogenerators. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61434001) and the ‘Thousands Talents’ Program for Pioneer Researchers and Its Innovation Team, China.

New Circuit QED system based on Triple-leg Stripline Resonator.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Dongmin; Moon, Kyungsun

Conventional circuit QED system consists of a qubit located inside a linear stripline resonator, which has successfully demonstrated a strong coupling between a single photon and a qubit. Here we present a new circuit QED system, where the qubit is coupled to triple-leg stripline resonator (TSR). We have shown that TSR supports two-fold degenerate photon modes among others. By coupling them to a single qubit, we have obtained the dressed states of a coupled system of a single qubit and two-fold degenerate photon modes. By locating two qubits at two legs of TSR, we have studied a potential two-bit gate operation (e.g., CNOT gate) of the system. We will discuss the main advantage of utilizing two-fold degenerate photon modes This work is partially supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (NRF-2016R1D1A1B01013756).

CIRCUS--A digital computer program for transient analysis of electronic circuits

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Moore, W. T.; Steinbert, L. L.

1968-01-01

Computer program simulates the time domain response of an electronic circuit to an arbitrary forcing function. CIRCUS uses a charge-control parameter model to represent each semiconductor device. Given the primary photocurrent, the transient behavior of a circuit in a radiation environment is determined.

The Major Mobilization of the Unconscious and the Total Removal of Resistance in Davanloo's Intensive Short-term Dynamic Psychotherapy Part II: Treating the Transference Neurosis.

PubMed

Hickey, Catherine

2015-01-01

Davanloo's Intensive Short-term Dynamic Psychotherapy has been the subject of various reviews. The first article in this series focused on a review of Davanloo's early work as well as a discussion of some of his most recent research findings. A case from the Montreal closed circuit training program was reviewed. This second article will focus on Davanloo's views on the transference neurosis and how its development should be avoided at all costs. There will be further exploration of the case presented in Part I from the Montreal closed circuit training program. There will also be a special focus on detecting the transference neurosis when present and the technical interventions needed to lay the foundations for removing it.

Fault tolerance analysis and applications to microwave modules and MMIC's

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boggan, Garry H.

A project whose objective was to provide an overview of built-in-test (BIT) considerations applicable to microwave systems, modules, and MMICs (monolithic microwave integrated circuits) is discussed. Available analytical techniques and software for assessing system failure characteristics were researched, and the resulting investigation provides a review of two techniques which have applicability to microwave systems design. A system-level approach to fault tolerance and redundancy management is presented in its relationship to the subsystem/element design. An overview of the microwave BIT focus from the Air Force Integrated Diagnostics program is presented. The technical reports prepared by the GIMADS team were reviewed for applicability to microwave modules and components. A review of MIMIC (millimeter and microwave integrated circuit) program activities relative to BIT/BITE is given.

Japanese project aims at supercomputer that executes 10 gflops

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Burskey, D.

1984-05-03

Dubbed supercom by its multicompany design team, the decade-long project's goal is an engineering supercomputer that can execute 10 billion floating-point operations/s-about 20 times faster than today's supercomputers. The project, guided by Japan's Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) and the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology encompasses three parallel research programs, all aimed at some angle of the superconductor. One program should lead to superfast logic and memory circuits, another to a system architecture that will afford the best performance, and the last to the software that will ultimately control the computer. The work on logic and memorymore » chips is based on: GAAS circuit; Josephson junction devices; and high electron mobility transistor structures. The architecture will involve parallel processing.« less

Non-invasive current and voltage imaging techniques for integrated circuits using scanning probe microscopy. Final report, LDRD Project FY93 and FY94

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Campbell, A.N.; Cole, E.I. Jr.; Tangyunyong, Paiboon

This report describes the first practical, non-invasive technique for detecting and imaging currents internal to operating integrated circuits (ICs). This technique is based on magnetic force microscopy and was developed under Sandia National Laboratories` LDRD (Laboratory Directed Research and Development) program during FY 93 and FY 94. LDRD funds were also used to explore a related technique, charge force microscopy, for voltage probing of ICs. This report describes the technical work performed under this LDRD as well as the outcomes of the project in terms of publications and awards, intellectual property and licensing, synergistic work, potential future work, hiring ofmore » additional permanent staff, and benefits to DOE`s defense programs (DP).« less

Programming languages for circuit design.

PubMed

Pedersen, Michael; Yordanov, Boyan

2015-01-01

This chapter provides an overview of a programming language for Genetic Engineering of Cells (GEC). A GEC program specifies a genetic circuit at a high level of abstraction through constraints on otherwise unspecified DNA parts. The GEC compiler then selects parts which satisfy the constraints from a given parts database. GEC further provides more conventional programming language constructs for abstraction, e.g., through modularity. The GEC language and compiler is available through a Web tool which also provides functionality, e.g., for simulation of designed circuits.

Analysis and calculation of lightning-induced voltages in aircraft electrical circuits

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Plumer, J. A.

1974-01-01

Techniques to calculate the transfer functions relating lightning-induced voltages in aircraft electrical circuits to aircraft physical characteristics and lightning current parameters are discussed. The analytical work was carried out concurrently with an experimental program of measurements of lightning-induced voltages in the electrical circuits of an F89-J aircraft. A computer program, ETCAL, developed earlier to calculate resistive and inductive transfer functions is refined to account for skin effect, providing results more valid over a wider range of lightning waveshapes than formerly possible. A computer program, WING, is derived to calculate the resistive and inductive transfer functions between a basic aircraft wing and a circuit conductor inside it. Good agreement is obtained between transfer inductances calculated by WING and those reduced from measured data by ETCAL. This computer program shows promise of expansion to permit eventual calculation of potential lightning-induced voltages in electrical circuits of complete aircraft in the design stage.

Computer programs: Electronic circuit design criteria: A compilation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1973-01-01

A Technology Utilization Program for the dissemination of information on technological developments which have potential utility outside the aerospace community is presented. The 21 items reported herein describe programs that are applicable to electronic circuit design procedures.

High level cognitive information processing in neural networks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barnden, John A.; Fields, Christopher A.

1992-01-01

Two related research efforts were addressed: (1) high-level connectionist cognitive modeling; and (2) local neural circuit modeling. The goals of the first effort were to develop connectionist models of high-level cognitive processes such as problem solving or natural language understanding, and to understand the computational requirements of such models. The goals of the second effort were to develop biologically-realistic model of local neural circuits, and to understand the computational behavior of such models. In keeping with the nature of NASA's Innovative Research Program, all the work conducted under the grant was highly innovative. For instance, the following ideas, all summarized, are contributions to the study of connectionist/neural networks: (1) the temporal-winner-take-all, relative-position encoding, and pattern-similarity association techniques; (2) the importation of logical combinators into connection; (3) the use of analogy-based reasoning as a bridge across the gap between the traditional symbolic paradigm and the connectionist paradigm; and (4) the application of connectionism to the domain of belief representation/reasoning. The work on local neural circuit modeling also departs significantly from the work of related researchers. In particular, its concentration on low-level neural phenomena that could support high-level cognitive processing is unusual within the area of biological local circuit modeling, and also serves to expand the horizons of the artificial neural net field.

SpikingLab: modelling agents controlled by Spiking Neural Networks in Netlogo.

PubMed

Jimenez-Romero, Cristian; Johnson, Jeffrey

2017-01-01

The scientific interest attracted by Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) has lead to the development of tools for the simulation and study of neuronal dynamics ranging from phenomenological models to the more sophisticated and biologically accurate Hodgkin-and-Huxley-based and multi-compartmental models. However, despite the multiple features offered by neural modelling tools, their integration with environments for the simulation of robots and agents can be challenging and time consuming. The implementation of artificial neural circuits to control robots generally involves the following tasks: (1) understanding the simulation tools, (2) creating the neural circuit in the neural simulator, (3) linking the simulated neural circuit with the environment of the agent and (4) programming the appropriate interface in the robot or agent to use the neural controller. The accomplishment of the above-mentioned tasks can be challenging, especially for undergraduate students or novice researchers. This paper presents an alternative tool which facilitates the simulation of simple SNN circuits using the multi-agent simulation and the programming environment Netlogo (educational software that simplifies the study and experimentation of complex systems). The engine proposed and implemented in Netlogo for the simulation of a functional model of SNN is a simplification of integrate and fire (I&F) models. The characteristics of the engine (including neuronal dynamics, STDP learning and synaptic delay) are demonstrated through the implementation of an agent representing an artificial insect controlled by a simple neural circuit. The setup of the experiment and its outcomes are described in this work.

Integration of NASA Research into Undergraduate Education in Math, Science, Engineering and Technology at North Carolina A&T State University

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Monroe, Joseph; Kelkar, Ajit

2003-01-01

The NASA PAIR program incorporated the NASA-Sponsored research into the undergraduate environment at North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University. This program is designed to significantly improve undergraduate education in the areas of mathematics, science, engineering, and technology (MSET) by directly benefiting from the experiences of NASA field centers, affiliated industrial partners and academic institutions. The three basic goals of the program were enhancing core courses in MSET curriculum, upgrading core-engineering laboratories to compliment upgraded MSET curriculum, and conduct research training for undergraduates in MSET disciplines through a sophomore shadow program and through Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) programs. Since the inception of the program nine courses have been modified to include NASA related topics and research. These courses have impacted over 900 students in the first three years of the program. The Electrical Engineering circuit's lab is completely re-equipped to include Computer controlled and data acquisition equipment. The Physics lab is upgraded to implement better sensory data acquisition to enhance students understanding of course concepts. In addition a new instrumentation laboratory in the department of Mechanical Engineering is developed. Research training for A&T students was conducted through four different programs: Apprentice program, Developers program, Sophomore Shadow program and Independent Research program. These programs provided opportunities for an average of forty students per semester.

Open Circuit Resonant Sensors for Composite Damage Detection and Diagnosis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mielnik, John J., Jr.

2011-01-01

Under the Integrated Vehicle Health Management (IVHM) program work was begun to investigate the feasibility of sensor systems for detecting and diagnosing damage to aircraft composite structures and materials. Specific interest for this study was in damage initiated by environmental storm hazards and the direct effect of lightning strikes on the material structures of a composite aircraft in flight. A series of open circuit resonant sensors was designed, fabricated, characterized, and determined to be a potentially viable means for damage detection and diagnosis of composite materials. The results of this research and development effort are documented in this report.

Security and Crime Prevention Strategies in California Public Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nieto, Marcus

Key findings are presented from a survey conducted by the California Research Bureau showing that most California school districts incorporate violence prevention program curricula with a strong police and security presence. Many schools have installed closed circuit video surveillance cameras, canine searches, and metal detectors. Unfortunately,…

Computer-aided engineering of semiconductor integrated circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meindl, J. D.; Dutton, R. W.; Gibbons, J. F.; Helms, C. R.; Plummer, J. D.; Tiller, W. A.; Ho, C. P.; Saraswat, K. C.; Deal, B. E.; Kamins, T. I.

1980-07-01

Economical procurement of small quantities of high performance custom integrated circuits for military systems is impeded by inadequate process, device and circuit models that handicap low cost computer aided design. The principal objective of this program is to formulate physical models of fabrication processes, devices and circuits to allow total computer-aided design of custom large-scale integrated circuits. The basic areas under investigation are (1) thermal oxidation, (2) ion implantation and diffusion, (3) chemical vapor deposition of silicon and refractory metal silicides, (4) device simulation and analytic measurements. This report discusses the fourth year of the program.

Molecular-Beam-Epitaxy Program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sparks, Patricia D.

1988-01-01

Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) computer program developed to aid in design of single- and double-junction cascade cells made of silicon. Cascade cell has efficiency 1 or 2 percent higher than single cell, with twice the open-circuit voltage. Input parameters include doping density, diffusion lengths, thicknesses of regions, solar spectrum, absorption coefficients of silicon (data included for 101 wavelengths), and surface recombination velocities. Results include maximum power, short-circuit current, and open-circuit voltage. Program written in FORTRAN IV.

Low-current traveling wave tube for use in the microwave power module

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Palmer, Raymond W.; Ramins, Peter; Force, Dale A.; Dayton, James A.; Ebihara, Ben T.; Gruber, Robert P.

1993-01-01

The results of a traveling-wave-tube/multistage depressed-collector (TWT-MDC) design study in support of the Advanced Research Projects Agency/Department of Defense (ARPA/DOD) Microwave Power Module (MPM) Program are described. The study stressed the possible application of dynamic and other tapers to the RF output circuit of the MPM traveling wave tube as a means of increasing the RF and overall efficiencies and reducing the required beam current (perveance). The results indicate that a highly efficient, modified dynamic velocity taper (DVT) circuit can be designed for the broadband MPM application. The combination of reduced cathode current (lower perveance) and increased RF efficiency leads to (1) a substantially higher overall efficiency and reduction in the prime power to the MPM, and (2) substantially reduced levels of MDC and MPM heat dissipation, which simplify the cooling problems. However, the selected TWT circuit parameters need to be validated by cold test measurements on actual circuits.

Joint Services Electronics Program for the Period 1 April 1990 Through 31 March 1991, (Coordinated Science Laboratory, University Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-06-30

AND TITLES: 0. Arikan , Research Assistant I W. Chuang, Research Assistant A. Krone, Research Assistant M, Leung, Research Assistant I Y. Liu, Research...P. Willis and Y. Bresler, "Norm invariance of minimax-optimal interpolation," submitted to3 IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory. (JSEP/NSF) [5] 0. Arikan and...imaging of time varying distributions," in Proc. Int. Syrup. Circuits and Syst., Singapore, Jun. 1991 (to appear). (JSEP/NSF) [101 0. Arikan and 1). C

A linear circuit analysis program with stiff systems capability

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cook, C. H.; Bavuso, S. J.

1973-01-01

Several existing network analysis programs have been modified and combined to employ a variable topological approach to circuit translation. Efficient numerical integration techniques are used for transient analysis.

A study of ignition and simulation circuits for arcjet thrusters, part 1. M.S. Thesis Final Report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stuart, Thomas A.; King, Roger J.; Altenburger, Gene P.

1991-01-01

A 1 kW electronic load was programmed to simulate the nonlinear i-v (volt-ampere) characteristics of an arcjet, both ignited and unignited. The simulator was tested and found to closely resemble an arcjet both for large transients and small perturbances up to about 40 kHz. No attempt was made to simulate the ignition process itself. The dynamic behavior of the arcjet (and the simulator) was shown to differ significantly from that of a resistor bank. Previous research led to the design and construction of a 1 kW arcjet power supply. A high voltage ignition circuit was added to this hardware, and tests on a 1 kW arcjet were performed at NASA-Lewis. All tests were successful and no ignition failures were observed. Circuit documentation and test results are included.

A Parallel Genetic Algorithm for Automated Electronic Circuit Design

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lohn, Jason D.; Colombano, Silvano P.; Haith, Gary L.; Stassinopoulos, Dimitris; Norvig, Peter (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

We describe a parallel genetic algorithm (GA) that automatically generates circuit designs using evolutionary search. A circuit-construction programming language is introduced and we show how evolution can generate practical analog circuit designs. Our system allows circuit size (number of devices), circuit topology, and device values to be evolved. We present experimental results as applied to analog filter and amplifier design tasks.

Concise Modeling of Amorphous Dual-Gate In-Ga-Zn-O Thin-Film Transistors for Integrated Circuit Designs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Can; Liao, Cong-Wei; Yu, Tian-Bao; Ke, Jian-Yuan; Huang, Sheng-Xiang; Deng, Lian-Wen

2018-02-01

Not Available Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No 2017YFA0204600, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 61404002, and the Science and Technology Project of Hunan Province under Grant No 2015JC3041.

National College Radio Study: Audience Research and National Programming.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sauls, Samuel J.

A study profiled college radio stations and explored the feasibility of a college radio network. A mail survey was sent in April 1995 to 1,469 college radio stations (including broadcast stations, carrier current stations, closed-circuit campus stations, radiating cable FM, and cable television access stations). A total of 228 surveys were…

Toward Agent Programs with Circuit Semantics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nilsson, Nils J.

1992-01-01

New ideas are presented for computing and organizing actions for autonomous agents in dynamic environments-environments in which the agent's current situation cannot always be accurately discerned and in which the effects of actions cannot always be reliably predicted. The notion of 'circuit semantics' for programs based on 'teleo-reactive trees' is introduced. Program execution builds a combinational circuit which receives sensory inputs and controls actions. These formalisms embody a high degree of inherent conditionality and thus yield programs that are suitably reactive to their environments. At the same time, the actions computed by the programs are guided by the overall goals of the agent. The paper also speculates about how programs using these ideas could be automatically generated by artificial intelligence planning systems and adapted by learning methods.

A High Efficiency, Miniaturized Ka Band Traveling Wave Tube Based on a Novel Finned Ladder RF Circuit Design

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wintucky, E. G.; Wilson, J. D.; Vaden, K. R.; Force, D. A.; Freeman, J. C.; Lesny, G. G.; Kory, C. L.; Chevalier, C. T.; Ebihara, B.; Dayton, J. A.;

Government-Imposed Barriers to the Use of Commercial Integrated Circuits in Military Systems.

DTIC Science & Technology

1996-02-01

Advanced Planning Briefing for Industry (undated). The FY94/FY95 research agenda of the Microprocessor Technology Utiliza- tion Program includes... planning and re- sults. As a model of how a private institute might operate, we suggest (without implying partiality) the Semiconductor Research...or incorporate lessons learned). Those IC suppliers passing the audit are listed on the QML. Products from QML-listed suppliers can be used with

Controllable Threshold Voltage in Organic Complementary Logic Circuits with an Electron-Trapping Polymer and Photoactive Gate Dielectric Layer.

PubMed

Dao, Toan Thanh; Sakai, Heisuke; Nguyen, Hai Thanh; Ohkubo, Kei; Fukuzumi, Shunichi; Murata, Hideyuki

2016-07-20

We present controllable and reliable complementary organic transistor circuits on a PET substrate using a photoactive dielectric layer of 6-[4'-(N,N-diphenylamino)phenyl]-3-ethoxycarbonylcoumarin (DPA-CM) doped into poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and an electron-trapping layer of poly(perfluoroalkenyl vinyl ether) (Cytop). Cu was used for a source/drain electrode in both the p-channel and n-channel transistors. The threshold voltage of the transistors and the inverting voltage of the circuits were reversibly controlled over a wide range under a program voltage of less than 10 V and under UV light irradiation. At a program voltage of -2 V, the inverting voltage of the circuits was tuned to be at nearly half of the supply voltage of the circuit. Consequently, an excellent balance between the high and low noise margins (NM) was produced (64% of NMH and 68% of NML), resulting in maximum noise immunity. Furthermore, the programmed circuits showed high stability, such as a retention time of over 10(5) s for the inverter switching voltage. Our findings bring about a flexible, simple way to obtain robust, high-performance organic circuits using a controllable complementary transistor inverter.

Cost as a technology driver. [in aerospace R and D

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fitzgerald, P. E., Jr.; Savage, M.

1976-01-01

Cost managment as a guiding factor in optimum development of technology, and proper timing of cost-saving programs in the development of a system or technology with payoffs in development and operational advances are discussed and illustrated. Advances enhancing the performance of hardware or software advances raising productivity or reducing cost, are outlined, with examples drawn from: thermochemical thrust maximization, development of cryogenic storage tanks, improvements in fuel cells for Space Shuttle, design of a spacecraft pyrotechnic initiator, cost cutting by reduction in the number of parts to be joined, and cost cutting by dramatic reductions in circuit component number with small-scale double-diffused integrated circuitry. Program-focused supporting research and technology models are devised to aid judicious timing of cost-conscious research programs.

System-Level Integrated Circuit (SLIC) development for phased array antenna applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shalkhauser, K. A.; Raquet, C. A.

1991-01-01

A microwave/millimeter wave system-level integrated circuit (SLIC) being developed for use in phased array antenna applications is described. The program goal is to design, fabricate, test, and deliver an advanced integrated circuit that merges radio frequency (RF) monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) technologies with digital, photonic, and analog circuitry that provide control, support, and interface functions. As a whole, the SLIC will offer improvements in RF device performance, uniformity, and stability while enabling accurate, rapid, repeatable control of the RF signal. Furthermore, the SLIC program addresses issues relating to insertion of solid state devices into antenna systems, such as the reduction in number of bias, control, and signal lines. Program goals, approach, and status are discussed.

System-level integrated circuit (SLIC) development for phased array antenna applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shalkhauser, K. A.; Raquet, C. A.

1991-01-01

A microwave/millimeter wave system-level integrated circuit (SLIC) being developed for use in phased array antenna applications is described. The program goal is to design, fabricate, test, and deliver an advanced integrated circuit that merges radio frequency (RF) monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) technologies with digital, photonic, and analog circuitry that provide control, support, and interface functions. As a whole, the SLIC will offer improvements in RF device performance, uniformity, and stability while enabling accurate, rapid, repeatable control of the RF signal. Furthermore, the SLIC program addresses issues relating to insertion of solid state devices into antenna systems, such as the reduction in number of bias, control, and signal lines. Program goals, approach, and status are discussed.

Development of a Temperature Sensor for Jet Engine and Space Mission Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Patterson, Richard L.; Hammoud, Ahmad; Elbuluk, Malik; Culley, Dennis

2008-01-01

Electronics for Distributed Turbine Engine Control and Space Exploration Missions are expected to encounter extreme temperatures and wide thermal swings. In particular, circuits deployed in a jet engine compartment are likely to be exposed to temperatures well exceeding 150 C. To meet this requirement, efforts exist at the NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC), in support of the Fundamental Aeronautics Program/Subsonic Fixed Wing Project, to develop temperature sensors geared for use in high temperature environments. The sensor and associated circuitry need to be located in the engine compartment under distributed control architecture to simplify system design, improve reliability, and ease signal multiplexing. Several circuits were designed using commercial-off-the-shelf as well as newly-developed components to perform temperature sensing at high temperatures. The temperature-sensing circuits will be described along with the results pertaining to their performance under extreme temperature.

The ROCTAPUS Closed-Circuit Television Program Final Report. Priority Country Area Program Evaluation Series: Report No. 10.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lamont, Ann; Fowler, Clifford F.

Two 1980 surveys of school staff, team member interviews, and examination of project films and documents supplied information for final evaluation of the ROCTAPUS (Really Outstanding Color Television About Practically Unlimited Subjects) program, a closed-circuit, magazine format, videotaped, television series intended to enrich the experiential…

Easy-to-Implement Project Integrates Basic Electronics and Computer Programming

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Richard; Shackelford, Ray

2008-01-01

The activities described in this article give students excellent experience with both computer programming and basic electronics. During the activities, students will work in small groups, using a BASIC Stamp development board to fabricate digital circuits and PBASIC to write program code that will control the circuits they have built. The…

Outreach: the western New York Hospital Library Services Program, 1985-1989.

PubMed Central

Birkinbine, L A; Bertuca, C A

1991-01-01

The Hospital Library Services Program (HLSP) in western New York, during the period covered by its first five-year plan, 1984-1989, is recounted and described. This ongoing program is funded annually by a New York State grant and hospital participation fees. It is designed to support access to biomedical information for health care professionals through a grant program for hospitals with staffed libraries and a circuit program for hospitals without library staffing or without libraries. Hospitals participating in the grant program contribute funds and receive grants for collection development. Hospitals participating in the circuit program pay a participation fee and receive regularly scheduled, documented, circuit librarian visits; a collection development grant; and a grant for contract library services. The program contracts with the State University of New York at Buffalo's (UB) Health Sciences Library to provide computerized literature searches; interlibrary loan (ILL) of journal articles, books, and audiovisuals; and ILL referrals. PMID:1958912

AITRAC: Augmented Interactive Transient Radiation Analysis by Computer. User's information manual

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1977-10-01

AITRAC is a program designed for on-line, interactive, DC, and transient analysis of electronic circuits. The program solves linear and nonlinear simultaneous equations which characterize the mathematical models used to predict circuit response. The program features 100 external node--200 branch capability; conversional, free-format input language; built-in junction, FET, MOS, and switch models; sparse matrix algorithm with extended-precision H matrix and T vector calculations, for fast and accurate execution; linear transconductances: beta, GM, MU, ZM; accurate and fast radiation effects analysis; special interface for user-defined equations; selective control of multiple outputs; graphical outputs in wide and narrow formats; and on-line parametermore » modification capability. The user describes the problem by entering the circuit topology and part parameters. The program then automatically generates and solves the circuit equations, providing the user with printed or plotted output. The circuit topology and/or part values may then be changed by the user, and a new analysis, requested. Circuit descriptions may be saved on disk files for storage and later use. The program contains built-in standard models for resistors, voltage and current sources, capacitors, inductors including mutual couplings, switches, junction diodes and transistors, FETS, and MOS devices. Nonstandard models may be constructed from standard models or by using the special equations interface. Time functions may be described by straight-line segments or by sine, damped sine, and exponential functions. 42 figures, 1 table. (RWR)« less

2003 NASA Faculty Fellowship Program at Glenn Research Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Prahl, Joseph M.; Heyward, An O.; Kankam, Mark D.

2003-01-01

The Office of Education at NASA Headquarters provides overall policy and direction for the NASA Faculty Fellowship Program (NFFP). The American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) and the Universities Space Research Association (USRA) have joined in partnership to recruit participants, accept applications from a broad range of participants, and provide overall evaluation of the NFFP. The NASA Centers, through their University Affairs Officers, develop and operate the experiential part of the program. In concert with co-directing universities and the Centers, Fellows are selected and provided the actual research experiences. This report summarizes the 2003 session conducted at the Glenn Research Center (GRC).Research topics covered a variety of areas including, but not limited to, biological sensors, modeling of biological fluid systems, electronic circuits, ceramics and coatings, unsteady probablistic analysis and aerodynamics, gas turbines, environmental monitoring systems for water quality, air quality, gaseous and particulate emissions, bearings for flywheel energy storage, shape memory alloys,photonic interrogation and nanoprocesses,carbon nanotubes, polymer synthesis for fuel cells, aviation communications, algorithm development and RESPlan Database.

Network model and short circuit program for the Kennedy Space Center electric power distribution system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

Assumptions made and techniques used in modeling the power network to the 480 volt level are discussed. Basic computational techniques used in the short circuit program are described along with a flow diagram of the program and operational procedures. Procedures for incorporating network changes are included in this user's manual.

Variability of multilevel switching in scaled hybrid RS/CMOS nanoelectronic circuits: theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heittmann, Arne; Noll, Tobias G.

2013-07-01

A theory is presented which describes the variability of multilevel switching in scaled hybrid resistive-switching/CMOS nanoelectronic circuits. Variability is quantified in terms of conductance variation using the first two moments derived from the probability density function (PDF) of the RS conductance. For RS, which are based on the electrochemical metallization effect (ECM), this variability is - to some extent - caused by discrete events such as electrochemical reactions, which occur on atomic scale and are at random. The theory shows that the conductance variation depends on the joint interaction between the programming circuit and the resistive switch (RS), and explicitly quantifies the impact of RS device parameters and parameters of the programming circuit on the conductance variance. Using a current mirror as an exemplary programming circuit an upper limit of 2-4 bits (dependent on the filament surface area) is estimated as the storage capacity exploiting the multilevel capabilities of an ECM cell. The theoretical results were verified by Monte Carlo circuit simulations on a standard circuit simulation environment using an ECM device model which models the filament growth by a Poisson process. Contribution to the Topical Issue “International Semiconductor Conference Dresden-Grenoble - ISCDG 2012”, Edited by Gérard Ghibaudo, Francis Balestra and Simon Deleonibus.

Fear Extinction as a Model for Translational Neuroscience: Ten Years of Progress

PubMed Central

Milad, Mohammed R.; Quirk, Gregory J.

2016-01-01

The psychology of extinction has been studied for decades. Approximately 10 years ago, however, there began a concerted effort to understand the neural circuits of extinction of fear conditioning, in both animals and humans. Progress during this period has been facilitated by an unusual degree of coordination between rodent and human researchers examining fear extinction. This successful research program could serve as a model for translational research in other areas of behavioral neuroscience. Here we review the major advances and highlight new approaches to understanding and exploiting fear extinction. PMID:22129456

Using NCAP to predict RFI effects in linear bipolar integrated circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fang, T.-F.; Whalen, J. J.; Chen, G. K. C.

1980-11-01

Applications of the Nonlinear Circuit Analysis Program (NCAP) to calculate RFI effects in electronic circuits containing discrete semiconductor devices have been reported upon previously. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the computer program NCAP also can be used to calcuate RFI effects in linear bipolar integrated circuits (IC's). The IC's reported upon are the microA741 operational amplifier (op amp) which is one of the most widely used IC's, and a differential pair which is a basic building block in many linear IC's. The microA741 op amp was used as the active component in a unity-gain buffer amplifier. The differential pair was used in a broad-band cascode amplifier circuit. The computer program NCAP was used to predict how amplitude-modulated RF signals are demodulated in the IC's to cause undesired low-frequency responses. The predicted and measured results for radio frequencies in the 0.050-60-MHz range are in good agreement.

Mobile Learning Based Worked Example in Electric Circuit (WEIEC) Application to Improve the High School Students' Electric Circuits Interpretation Ability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yadiannur, Mitra; Supahar

2017-01-01

This research aims to determine the feasibility and effectivity of mobile learning based Worked Example in Electric Circuits (WEIEC) application in improving the high school students' electric circuits interpretation ability on Direct Current Circuits materials. The research method used was a combination of Four-D Models and ADDIE model. The…

A review of the thermoelectronic laser energy converter (TELEC) program at Lewis Research Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Alger, D. L.; Manista, E. J.; Thompson, R. W.

1978-01-01

The investigation of the Thermoelectronic Laser Energy Converter (TELEC) concept began with a feasibility study of a 1 megawatt sized TELEC system. The TELEC was to use either cesium vapor or hydrogen as the plasma medium. The cesium vapor TELEC appears to be the more practical device studied with an overall calculated conversion efficiency of greater than 48%. Following this study, a small TELEC cell was fabricated which demonstrated the conversion of a small amount of laser power to electrical power. The cell developed a short circuit current of 0.7 amperes and an open circuit voltage, as extrapolated from volt-ampere curves, of about 1.5 volts.

Verification and Quantification of Single Event Effects on High Speed SRAM in Terrestrial Environments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Huff, H.; You, Z.; Williams, T.; Nichols, T.; Attia, J.; Fogarty, T. N.; Kirby, K.; Wilkins, R.; Lawton, R.

1998-01-01

As integrated circuits become more sensitive to charged particles and neutrons, anomalous performance due to single event effects (SEE) is a concern and requires experimental verification and quantification. The Center for Applied Radiation Research (CARR) at Prairie View A&M University has developed experiments as a participant in the NASA ER-2 Flight Program, the APEX balloon flight program and the Student Launch Program. Other high altitude and ground level experiments of interest to DoD and commercial applications are being developed. The experiment characterizes the SEE behavior of high speed and high density SRAM's. The system includes a PC-104 computer unit, an optical drive for storage, a test board with the components under test, and a latchup detection and reset unit. The test program will continuously monitor the stored checkerboard data pattern in the SW and record errors. Since both the computer and the optical drive contain integrated circuits, they are also vulnerable to radiation effects. A latchup detection unit with discrete components will monitor the test program and reset the system when necessary. The first results will be obtained from the NASA ER-2 flights, which are now planned to take place in early 1998 from Dryden Research Center in California. The series of flights, at altitudes up to 70,000 feet, and a variety of flight profiles should yield a distribution of conditions for correlating SEES. SEE measurements will be performed from the time of aircraft power-up on the ground throughout the flight regime until systems power-off after landing.

The dc power circuits: A compilation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1972-01-01

A compilation of reports concerning power circuits is presented for the dissemination of aerospace information to the general public as part of the NASA Technology Utilization Program. The descriptions for the electronic circuits are grouped as follows: dc power supplies, power converters, current-voltage power supply regulators, overload protection circuits, and dc constant current power supplies.

A programming language for composable DNA circuits

PubMed Central

Phillips, Andrew; Cardelli, Luca

2009-01-01

Recently, a range of information-processing circuits have been implemented in DNA by using strand displacement as their main computational mechanism. Examples include digital logic circuits and catalytic signal amplification circuits that function as efficient molecular detectors. As new paradigms for DNA computation emerge, the development of corresponding languages and tools for these paradigms will help to facilitate the design of DNA circuits and their automatic compilation to nucleotide sequences. We present a programming language for designing and simulating DNA circuits in which strand displacement is the main computational mechanism. The language includes basic elements of sequence domains, toeholds and branch migration, and assumes that strands do not possess any secondary structure. The language is used to model and simulate a variety of circuits, including an entropy-driven catalytic gate, a simple gate motif for synthesizing large-scale circuits and a scheme for implementing an arbitrary system of chemical reactions. The language is a first step towards the design of modelling and simulation tools for DNA strand displacement, which complements the emergence of novel implementation strategies for DNA computing. PMID:19535415

A programming language for composable DNA circuits.

PubMed

Phillips, Andrew; Cardelli, Luca

2009-08-06

Recently, a range of information-processing circuits have been implemented in DNA by using strand displacement as their main computational mechanism. Examples include digital logic circuits and catalytic signal amplification circuits that function as efficient molecular detectors. As new paradigms for DNA computation emerge, the development of corresponding languages and tools for these paradigms will help to facilitate the design of DNA circuits and their automatic compilation to nucleotide sequences. We present a programming language for designing and simulating DNA circuits in which strand displacement is the main computational mechanism. The language includes basic elements of sequence domains, toeholds and branch migration, and assumes that strands do not possess any secondary structure. The language is used to model and simulate a variety of circuits, including an entropy-driven catalytic gate, a simple gate motif for synthesizing large-scale circuits and a scheme for implementing an arbitrary system of chemical reactions. The language is a first step towards the design of modelling and simulation tools for DNA strand displacement, which complements the emergence of novel implementation strategies for DNA computing.

A review of the Thermoelectronic Laser Energy Converter /TELEC/ Program at Lewis Research Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Alger, D. L.; Manista, E. J.; Thompson, R. W.

1978-01-01

The investigation of the Thermoelectronic Laser Energy Converter (TELEC) concept at the Lewis Research Center (LeRC) began with a feasibility study of a 1 megawatt sized TELEC system. The TELEC was to use either cesium vapor or hydrogen as the plasma medium. The cesium vapor TELEC appears to be the more practical device studied with an overall calculated conversion efficiency of greater than 48%. Following this study, a small TELEC cell was fabricated which demonstrated the conversion of a small amount of laser power to electrical power. The cell developed a short circuit current of 0.7 amperes and an open circuit voltage, as extrapolated from volt-ampere curves, of about 1.5 volts. Work is now in progress to construct and test a cesium vapor TELEC capable of absorbing 20% of an incident 10 kW, 10.6 micrometer beam, and converting 35% of this power to electrical power.

Advances in MMIC technology for communications satellites

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Leonard, Regis F.

1992-01-01

This paper discusses NASA Lewis Research Center's program for development of monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC) for application in space communications. Emphasis will be on the improved performance in power amplifiers and low noise receivers which has been made possible by the development of new semiconductor materials and devices. Possible applications of high temperature superconductivity for space communications will also be presented.

Computer-Aided Engineering Of Cabling

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Billitti, Joseph W.

1989-01-01

Program generates data sheets, drawings, and other information on electrical connections. DFACS program, centered around single data base, has built-in menus providing easy input of, and access to, data for all personnel involved in system, subsystem, and cabling. Enables parallel design of circuit-data sheets and drawings of harnesses. Also recombines raw information to generate automatically various project documents and drawings, including index of circuit-data sheets, list of electrical-interface circuits, lists of assemblies and equipment, cabling trees, and drawings of cabling electrical interfaces and harnesses. Purpose of program to provide engineering community with centralized data base for putting in, and gaining access to, functional definition of system as specified in terms of details of pin connections of end circuits of subsystems and instruments and data on harnessing. Primary objective to provide instantaneous single point of interchange of information, thus avoiding

Research of vibration controlling based on programmable logic controller for electrostatic precipitator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Zisheng; Li, Yanhu; Li, Jiaojiao; Liu, Zhiqiang; Li, Qing

2013-03-01

In order to improve the reliability, stability and automation of electrostatic precipitator, circuits of vibration motor for ESP and vibration control ladder diagram program are investigated using Schneider PLC with high performance and programming software of Twidosoft. Operational results show that after adopting PLC, vibration motor can run automatically; compared with traditional control system of vibration based on single-chip microcomputer, it has higher reliability, better stability and higher dust removal rate, when dust emission concentrations <= 50 mg m-3, providing a new method for vibration controlling of ESP.

Ultra-low current biosensor output detection using portable electronic reader

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yahaya, N. A. N.; Rajapaksha, R. D. A. A.; Uda, M. N. Afnan; Hashim, U.

2017-09-01

Generally, the electrical biosensor usually shows extremely low current signal output around pico ampere to microampere range. In this research, electronic reader with amplifier has been demonstrated to detect ultra low current via the biosensor. The operational amplifier Burr-Brown OPA 128 and Arduino Uno board were used to construct the portable electronic reader. There are two cascaded inverting amplifier were used to detect ultra low current through the biosensor from pico amperes (pA) to nano amperes ranges (nA). A small known input current was form by applying variable voltage between 0.1V to 5.0V across a 5GΩ high resistor to check the amplifier circuit. The amplifier operation was measured with the high impedance current source and has been compared with the theoretical measurement. The Arduino Uno was used to convert the analog signal to digital signal and process the data to display on reader screen. In this project, Proteus software was used to design and test the circuit. Then it was implemented together with Arduino Uno board. Arduino board was programmed using C programming language to make whole circuit communicate each order. The current was measured then it shows a small difference values compared to theoretical values, which is approximately 14pA.

Diode and Diode Circuits, a Programmed Text.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Balabanian, Norman; Kirwin, Gerald J.

This programed text on diode and diode circuits was developed under contract with the United States Office of Education as Number 4 in a series of materials for use in an electrical engineering sequence. It is intended as a supplement to a regular text and other instructional material. (DH)

2017 Year in Review | Transportation Research | NREL

Science.gov Websites

Internal Short Circuit Device Sweeps Awards Around the Globe NREL's patented Battery Internal Short Circuit (ISC) Device allows researchers to simulate true internal short circuits, study the causes of thermal

Synthetic biology: applying biological circuits beyond novel therapies.

PubMed

Dobrin, Anton; Saxena, Pratik; Fussenegger, Martin

2016-04-18

Synthetic biology, an engineering, circuit-driven approach to biology, has developed whole new classes of therapeutics. Unfortunately, these advances have thus far been undercapitalized upon by basic researchers. As discussed herein, using synthetic circuits, one can undertake exhaustive investigations of the endogenous circuitry found in nature, develop novel detectors and better temporally and spatially controlled inducers. One could detect changes in DNA, RNA, protein or even transient signaling events, in cell-based systems, in live mice, and in humans. Synthetic biology has also developed inducible systems that can be induced chemically, optically or using radio waves. This induction has been re-wired to lead to changes in gene expression, RNA stability and splicing, protein stability and splicing, and signaling via endogenous pathways. Beyond simple detectors and inducible systems, one can combine these modalities and develop novel signal integration circuits that can react to a very precise pre-programmed set of conditions or even to multiple sets of precise conditions. In this review, we highlight some tools that were developed in which these circuits were combined such that the detection of a particular event automatically triggered a specific output. Furthermore, using novel circuit-design strategies, circuits have been developed that can integrate multiple inputs together in Boolean logic gates composed of up to 6 inputs. We highlight the tools available and what has been developed thus far, and highlight how some clinical tools can be very useful in basic science. Most of the systems that are presented can be integrated together; and the possibilities far exceed the number of currently developed strategies.

Audio distribution and Monitoring Circuit

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kirkland, J. M.

1983-01-01

Versatile circuit accepts and distributes TV audio signals. Three-meter audio distribution and monitoring circuit provides flexibility in monitoring, mixing, and distributing audio inputs and outputs at various signal and impedance levels. Program material is simultaneously monitored on three channels, or single-channel version built to monitor transmitted or received signal levels, drive speakers, interface to building communications, and drive long-line circuits.

Electronic control circuits: A compilation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1973-01-01

A compilation of technical R and D information on circuits and modular subassemblies is presented as a part of a technology utilization program. Fundamental design principles and applications are given. Electronic control circuits discussed include: anti-noise circuit; ground protection device for bioinstrumentation; temperature compensation for operational amplifiers; hybrid gatling capacitor; automatic signal range control; integrated clock-switching control; and precision voltage tolerance detector.

Microwave integrated circuits for space applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Leonard, Regis F.; Romanofsky, Robert R.

1991-01-01

Monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC), which incorporate all the elements of a microwave circuit on a single semiconductor substrate, offer the potential for drastic reductions in circuit weight and volume and increased reliability, all of which make many new concepts in electronic circuitry for space applications feasible, including phased array antennas. NASA has undertaken an extensive program aimed at development of MMICs for space applications. The first such circuits targeted for development were an extension of work in hybrid (discrete component) technology in support of the Advanced Communication Technology Satellite (ACTS). It focused on power amplifiers, receivers, and switches at ACTS frequencies. More recent work, however, focused on frequencies appropriate for other NASA programs and emphasizes advanced materials in an effort to enhance efficiency, power handling capability, and frequency of operation or noise figure to meet the requirements of space systems.

Nonlinear relaxation algorithms for circuit simulation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Saleh, R.A.

Circuit simulation is an important Computer-Aided Design (CAD) tool in the design of Integrated Circuits (IC). However, the standard techniques used in programs such as SPICE result in very long computer-run times when applied to large problems. In order to reduce the overall run time, a number of new approaches to circuit simulation were developed and are described. These methods are based on nonlinear relaxation techniques and exploit the relative inactivity of large circuits. Simple waveform-processing techniques are described to determine the maximum possible speed improvement that can be obtained by exploiting this property of large circuits. Three simulation algorithmsmore » are described, two of which are based on the Iterated Timing Analysis (ITA) method and a third based on the Waveform-Relaxation Newton (WRN) method. New programs that incorporate these techniques were developed and used to simulate a variety of industrial circuits. The results from these simulations are provided. The techniques are shown to be much faster than the standard approach. In addition, a number of parallel aspects of these algorithms are described, and a general space-time model of parallel-task scheduling is developed.« less

Design of RISC Processor Using VHDL and Cadence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moslehpour, Saeid; Puliroju, Chandrasekhar; Abu-Aisheh, Akram

The project deals about development of a basic RISC processor. The processor is designed with basic architecture consisting of internal modules like clock generator, memory, program counter, instruction register, accumulator, arithmetic and logic unit and decoder. This processor is mainly used for simple general purpose like arithmetic operations and which can be further developed for general purpose processor by increasing the size of the instruction register. The processor is designed in VHDL by using Xilinx 8.1i version. The present project also serves as an application of the knowledge gained from past studies of the PSPICE program. The study will show how PSPICE can be used to simplify massive complex circuits designed in VHDL Synthesis. The purpose of the project is to explore the designed RISC model piece by piece, examine and understand the Input/ Output pins, and to show how the VHDL synthesis code can be converted to a simplified PSPICE model. The project will also serve as a collection of various research materials about the pieces of the circuit.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kupca, L.; Beno, P.

A very brief summary is provided of a primary circuit piping material properties analysis. The analysis was performed for the Bohunice V-1 reactor and the Kola-1 and -2 reactors. Assessment was performed on Bohunice V-1 archive materials and primary piping material cut from the Kola units after 100,000 hours of operation. Main research program tasks included analysis of mechanical properties, corrosion stability, and microstructural properties. Analysis results are not provided.

MIT Lincoln Laboratory Annual Report 2012

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS...ES) Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Lincoln Laboratory,244 Wood Street,Lexington,MA,02420-9108 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9...spans a wide range of research areas, including high- performance detectors and focal planes, 3D integrated circuits, microelectromechanical devices

An Assessment of the Impact of the Department of Defense Very-High-Speed Integrated Circuit Program.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-01-01

analysis, statistical inference, device physics and other such products of basic research. Examples of such information would be: analyses of properties of...TB , for a n-p-n silicon transitor with 1018 cm- 3 base-doping, TB = Wb 2/2Dw becomes 0.4 ps in this limit so that the base contributes little to delay

Electric Circuit Theory--Computer Illustrated Text.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Riches, Brian

1990-01-01

Discusses the use of a computer-illustrated text (CIT) with integrated software to teach electric circuit theory to college students. Examples of software use are given, including simple animation, graphical displays, and problem-solving programs. Issues affecting electric circuit theory instruction are also addressed, including mathematical…

Hacking DNA copy number for circuit engineering.

PubMed

Wu, Feilun; You, Lingchong

2017-07-27

DNA copy number represents an essential parameter in the dynamics of synthetic gene circuits but typically is not explicitly considered. A new study demonstrates how dynamic control of DNA copy number can serve as an effective strategy to program robust oscillations in gene expression circuits.

47 CFR 32.2211 - Non-digital switching.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... switching. (a) This account shall include: (1) Original cost of stored program control analog circuit-switching and associated equipment. (2) Cost of remote analog electronic circuit switches. (3) Original cost of non-electronic circuit-switching equipment such as Step-by-Step, Crossbar, and Other Electro...

47 CFR 32.2211 - Non-digital switching.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... switching. (a) This account shall include: (1) Original cost of stored program control analog circuit-switching and associated equipment. (2) Cost of remote analog electronic circuit switches. (3) Original cost of non-electronic circuit-switching equipment such as Step-by-Step, Crossbar, and Other Electro...

47 CFR 32.2211 - Non-digital switching.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... switching. (a) This account shall include: (1) Original cost of stored program control analog circuit-switching and associated equipment. (2) Cost of remote analog electronic circuit switches. (3) Original cost of non-electronic circuit-switching equipment such as Step-by-Step, Crossbar, and Other Electro...

47 CFR 32.2211 - Non-digital switching.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... switching. (a) This account shall include: (1) Original cost of stored program control analog circuit-switching and associated equipment. (2) Cost of remote analog electronic circuit switches. (3) Original cost of non-electronic circuit-switching equipment such as Step-by-Step, Crossbar, and Other Electro...

47 CFR 32.2211 - Non-digital switching.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... switching. (a) This account shall include: (1) Original cost of stored program control analog circuit-switching and associated equipment. (2) Cost of remote analog electronic circuit switches. (3) Original cost of non-electronic circuit-switching equipment such as Step-by-Step, Crossbar, and Other Electro...

Single-photon driven high-order sideband transitions in an ultrastrongly coupled circuit quantum electrodynamics system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Tiefu; Chen, Zhen; Wang, Yimin; Tian, Lin; Qiu, Yueyin; Inomata, Kunihiro; Yoshihara, Fumiki; Han, Siyuan; Nori, Franco; Tsai, Jaw-Shen; You, J. Q.

We report the experimental observation of high-order sideband transitions at the single-photon level in a quantum circuit system of a flux qubit ultrastrongly coupled to a coplanar waveguide resonator. With the coupling strength reaching 10 % of the resonator's fundamental frequency, we obtain clear signatures of higher-order red- and first-order blue-sideband transitions. These transitions are owing to the ultrastrong Rabi coupling, instead of the driving power. Our observation advances the understanding of ultrastrongly-coupled systems and paves the way to study high-order processes in the quantum Rabi model. This work is supported by the National Basic Research Program of China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

Some Notes on Wideband Feedback Amplifiers

DOE R&D Accomplishments Database

Fitch, V.

1949-03-16

The extension of the passband of wideband amplifiers is a highly important problem to the designer of electronic circuits. Throughout the electronics industry and in many research programs in physics and allied fields where extensive use is made of video amplifiers, the foremost requirement is a passband of maximum width. This is necessary if it is desired to achieve a more faithful reproduction of transient wave forms, a better time resolution in physical measurements, or perhaps just a wider band gain-frequency response to sine wave signals. The art of electronics is continually faced with this omnipresent amplifier problem. In particular, the instrumentation techniques of nuclear physics require amplifiers with short rise times, a high degree of gain stability, and a linear response to high signal levels. While the distributed amplifier may solve the problems of those seeking only a wide passband, the requirements of stability and linearity necessitate using feedback circuits. This paper considers feedback amplifiers from the standpoint of high-frequency performance. The circuit conditions for optimum steady-state (sinusoidal) and transient response are derived and practical circuits (both interstage and output) are presented which fulfill these conditions. In general, the results obtained may be applied to the low-frequency end.

Driven superconducting quantum circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nakamura, Yasunobu

2014-03-01

Driven nonlinear quantum systems show rich phenomena in various fields of physics. Among them, superconducting quantum circuits have very attractive features such as well-controlled quantum states with design flexibility, strong nonlinearity of Josephson junctions, strong coupling to electromagnetic driving fields, little internal dissipation, and tailored coupling to the electromagnetic environment. We have investigated properties and functionalities of driven superconducting quantum circuits. A transmon qubit coupled to a transmission line shows nearly perfect spatial mode matching between the incident and scattered microwave field in the 1D mode. Dressed states under a driving field are studied there and also in a semi-infinite 1D mode terminated by a resonator containing a flux qubit. An effective Λ-type three-level system is realized under an appropriate driving condition. It allows ``impedance-matched'' perfect absorption of incident probe photons and down conversion into another frequency mode. Finally, the weak signal from the qubit is read out using a Josephson parametric amplifier/oscillator which is another nonlinear circuit driven by a strong pump field. This work was partly supported by the Funding Program for World-Leading Innovative R&D on Science and Technology (FIRST), Project for Developing Innovation Systems of MEXT, MEXT KAKENHI ``Quantum Cybernetics,'' and the NICT Commissioned Research.

A study of microwave downcoverters operating in the K sub u band

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fellers, R. G.; Simpson, T. L.; Tseng, B.

1982-01-01

A computer program for parametric amplifier design is developed with special emphasis on practical design considerations for microwave integrated circuit degenerate amplifiers. Precision measurement techniques are developed to obtain a more realistic varactor equivalent circuit. The existing theory of a parametric amplifier is modified to include the equivalent circuit, and microwave properties, such as loss characteristics and circuit discontinuities are investigated.

Interactive Online Physics Labs Increase High School Students' Interest

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gryczka, Patrick; Klementowicz, Edward; Sharrock, Chappel; Montclare, Jin Kim

2016-01-01

Here we describe the incorporation of a web-based application focusing on circuits for the physics high school classroom as part of an outreach program. The program involves college mentors creating and implementing science lessons in collaboration with the classroom teacher. Focusing on the challenge of understanding circuit design, a technology…

Electronics Book II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Dennis; And Others

This manual, the second of three curriculum guides for an electronics course, is intended for use in a program combining vocational English as a second language (VESL) with bilingual vocational education. Ten units cover the electrical team, Ohm's law, Watt's law, series resistive circuits, parallel resistive circuits, series parallel circuits,…

Electroshock protection circuit

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Heskett, H.; Meincer, J.; Inglis, A. L.

1973-01-01

Circuit was developed to prevent accidental shock through electrodes used to test subjects as part of Skylab program. This circuit is placed between electrical apparatus and electrode that is attached to patient's body. Thus, patient is effectively protected from dangerous electrical shock that might be caused by failure in electrical apparatus.

Stitching Codeable Circuits: High School Students' Learning About Circuitry and Coding with Electronic Textiles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Litts, Breanne K.; Kafai, Yasmin B.; Lui, Debora A.; Walker, Justice T.; Widman, Sari A.

2017-10-01

Learning about circuitry by connecting a battery, light bulb, and wires is a common activity in many science classrooms. In this paper, we expand students' learning about circuitry with electronic textiles, which use conductive thread instead of wires and sewable LEDs instead of lightbulbs, by integrating programming sensor inputs and light outputs and examining how the two domains interact. We implemented an electronic textiles unit with 23 high school students ages 16-17 years who learned how to craft and code circuits with the LilyPad Arduino, an electronic textile construction kit. Our analyses not only confirm significant increases in students' understanding of functional circuits but also showcase students' ability in designing and remixing program code for controlling circuits. In our discussion, we address opportunities and challenges of introducing codeable circuit design for integrating maker activities that include engineering and computing into classrooms.

Principles of Genetic Circuit Design

PubMed Central

Brophy, Jennifer A.N.; Voigt, Christopher A.

2014-01-01

Cells are able to navigate environments, communicate, and build complex patterns by initiating gene expression in response to specific signals. Engineers need to harness this capability to program cells to perform tasks or build chemicals and materials that match the complexity seen in nature. This review describes new tools that aid the construction of genetic circuits. We show how circuit dynamics can be influenced by the choice of regulators and changed with expression “tuning knobs.” We collate the failure modes encountered when assembling circuits, quantify their impact on performance, and review mitigation efforts. Finally, we discuss the constraints that arise from operating within a living cell. Collectively, better tools, well-characterized parts, and a comprehensive understanding of how to compose circuits are leading to a breakthrough in the ability to program living cells for advanced applications, from living therapeutics to the atomic manufacturing of functional materials. PMID:24781324

Color Coding of Circuit Quantities in Introductory Circuit Analysis Instruction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reisslein, Jana; Johnson, Amy M.; Reisslein, Martin

2015-01-01

Learning the analysis of electrical circuits represented by circuit diagrams is often challenging for novice students. An open research question in electrical circuit analysis instruction is whether color coding of the mathematical symbols (variables) that denote electrical quantities can improve circuit analysis learning. The present study…

The new technological solution for the JT-60SA quench protection circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gaio, E.; Maistrello, A.; Novello, L.; Matsukawa, M.; Perna, M.; Ferro, A.; Yamauchi, K.; Piovan, R.

2018-07-01

An advanced technology has been developed and employed for the main circuit breakers (CB) of the quench protection circuits (QPC) of the superconducting coils of JT-60SA: it consists in a Hybrid mechanical-static CB (HCB) composed of a mechanical Bypass switch (BPS) for conducting the continuous current, in parallel to a static circuit breaker (SCB) based on integrated gate commutated thyristor (IGCT) for current interruption. It was the result of a R&D program carried out since 2006 to identify innovative solutions for the interruption of high dc current, able to improve the maintainability and availability of the CB. The HCB developed for the JT-60SA QPC is the first realization of a dc circuit breaker based on this design approach for interrupting current of some tens of kA with reapplied voltage of some kV. It also represents the first application of hybrid technology with IGCT for protection of superconducting magnets in fusion experiments. The paper aims at giving a comprehensive overview of the main R&D activities devoted to the development of this new technological approach; then, the key aspects of the design, manufacturing and testing of the QPCs for JT-60SA, successfully completed in Naka Site in summer 2015 are presented. Finally, the significance of this research is discussed and the possible future developments, in particular in view of DEMO fusion reactor, are outlined.

Coupling Spatial Segregation with Synthetic Circuits to Control Bacterial Survival (Open Access)

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-02-29

Subject Categories Synthetic Biology & Biotechnology; Quantitative Biology & Dynamical Systems DOI 10.15252/msb.20156567 | Received 9 September 2015...survival. Experimentally , we program collective survival using three different gene circuits, which allow us to evaluate the modularity of the...QS-CAT circuit depends on QS regulation. The QS-BlaM circuit depends on both QS regulation and enzyme release (by lysis and export). G–I Experimental

Defense Small Business Innovation Research Program (SBIR), Volume 4, Defense Agencies Abstracts of Phase 1 Awards 1991

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

EXPERIENCE IN DEVELOPING INTEGRATED OPTICAL DEVICES, NONLINEAR MAGNETIC-OPTIC MATERIALS, HIGH FREQUENCY MODULATORS, COMPUTER-AIDED MODELING AND SOPHISTICATED... HIGH -LEVEL PRESENTATION AND DISTRIBUTED CONTROL MODELS FOR INTEGRATING HETEROGENEOUS MECHANICAL ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS AND TOOLS. THE DESIGN IS FOCUSED...STATISTICALLY ACCURATE WORST CASE DEVICE MODELS FOR CIRCUIT SIMULATION. PRESENT METHODS OF WORST CASE DEVICE DESIGN ARE AD HOC AND DO NOT ALLOW THE

Microwave Semiconductor Research - Materials, Devices, Circuits.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-04-30

34, C.L. Tang and J-M. Halbout, invited talk, SPIE Technical Symposium, Los Angeles, CA (January, 1982). 3. "Observation of light induced refractive index ... index slab its desirable dispersive properties. The relatively poor dispersion characteristics of the uniform dielectric slab can be attributed to the...34, January 1982. 2. H. Zmuda completed his M.S. program. Thesis: "Simplified Dispersion Analysis of the Multistep and Graded Index Dielectric Slab Waveguide

Linear circuit analysis program for IBM 1620 Monitor 2, 1311/1443 data processing system /CIRCS/

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hatfield, J.

1967-01-01

CIRCS is modification of IBSNAP Circuit Analysis Program, for use on smaller systems. This data processing system retains the basic dc, transient analysis, and FORTRAN 2 formats. It can be used on the IBM 1620/1311 Monitor I Mod 5 system, and solves a linear network containing 15 nodes and 45 branches.

CIRCAL-2 - General-purpose on-line circuit design.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dertouzos, M. L.; Jessel, G. P.; Stinger, J. R.

1972-01-01

CIRCAL-2 is a second-generation general-purpose on-line circuit-design program with the following main features: (1) multiple-analysis capability; (2) uniform and general data structures for handling text editing, network representations, and output results, regardless of analysis; (3) special techniques and structures for minimizing and controlling user-program interaction; (4) use of functionals for the description of hysteresis and heat effects; and (5) ability to define optimization procedures that 'replace' the user. The paper discusses the organization of CIRCAL-2, the aforementioned main features, and their consequences, such as a set of network elements and models general enough for most analyses and a set of functions tailored to circuit-design requirements. The presentation is descriptive, concentrating on conceptual rather than on program implementation details.

Innovation Incubator: Whisker Labs Technical Evaluation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sparn, Bethany F.; Frank, Stephen M.; Earle, Lieko

The Wells Fargo Innovation Incubator (IN2) is a program to foster and accelerate startup companies with commercial building energy-efficiency and demand management technologies. The program is funded by the Wells Fargo Foundation and co-administered by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Whisker Labs, an Oakland, California-based company, was one of four awardees in the first IN2 cohort and was invited to participate in the program because of its novel electrical power sensing technology for circuit breakers. The stick-on Whisker meters install directly on the front face of the circuit breakers in an electrical panel using adhesive, eliminating the need tomore » open the panel and install current transducers (CTs) on the circuit wiring.« less

Design of An Energy Efficient Hydraulic Regenerative circuit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ramesh, S.; Ashok, S. Denis; Nagaraj, Shanmukha; Adithyakumar, C. R.; Reddy, M. Lohith Kumar; Naulakha, Niranjan Kumar

2018-02-01

Increasing cost and power demand, leads to evaluation of new method to increase through productivity and help to solve the power demands. Many researchers have break through to increase the efficiency of a hydraulic power pack, one of the promising methods is the concept of regenerative. The objective of this research work is to increase the efficiency of a hydraulic circuit by introducing a concept of regenerative circuit. A Regenerative circuit is a system that is used to speed up the extension stroke of the double acting single rod hydraulic cylinder. The output is connected to the input in the directional control value. By this concept, increase in velocity of the piston and decrease the cycle time. For the research, a basic hydraulic circuit and a regenerative circuit are designated and compared both with their results. The analysis was based on their time taken for extension and retraction of the piston. From the detailed analysis of both the hydraulic circuits, it is found that the efficiency by introducing hydraulic regenerative circuit increased by is 5.3%. The obtained results conclude that, implementing hydraulic regenerative circuit in a hydraulic power pack decreases power consumption, reduces cycle time and increases productivity in a longer run.

Neuropeptide Signaling Networks and Brain Circuit Plasticity.

PubMed

McClard, Cynthia K; Arenkiel, Benjamin R

2018-01-01

The brain is a remarkable network of circuits dedicated to sensory integration, perception, and response. The computational power of the brain is estimated to dwarf that of most modern supercomputers, but perhaps its most fascinating capability is to structurally refine itself in response to experience. In the language of computers, the brain is loaded with programs that encode when and how to alter its own hardware. This programmed "plasticity" is a critical mechanism by which the brain shapes behavior to adapt to changing environments. The expansive array of molecular commands that help execute this programming is beginning to emerge. Notably, several neuropeptide transmitters, previously best characterized for their roles in hypothalamic endocrine regulation, have increasingly been recognized for mediating activity-dependent refinement of local brain circuits. Here, we discuss recent discoveries that reveal how local signaling by corticotropin-releasing hormone reshapes mouse olfactory bulb circuits in response to activity and further explore how other local neuropeptide networks may function toward similar ends.

Programmed coherent coupling in a synthetic DNA-based excitonic circuit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boulais, Étienne; Sawaya, Nicolas P. D.; Veneziano, Rémi; Andreoni, Alessio; Banal, James L.; Kondo, Toru; Mandal, Sarthak; Lin, Su; Schlau-Cohen, Gabriela S.; Woodbury, Neal W.; Yan, Hao; Aspuru-Guzik, Alán; Bathe, Mark

2018-02-01

Natural light-harvesting systems spatially organize densely packed chromophore aggregates using rigid protein scaffolds to achieve highly efficient, directed energy transfer. Here, we report a synthetic strategy using rigid DNA scaffolds to similarly program the spatial organization of densely packed, discrete clusters of cyanine dye aggregates with tunable absorption spectra and strongly coupled exciton dynamics present in natural light-harvesting systems. We first characterize the range of dye-aggregate sizes that can be templated spatially by A-tracts of B-form DNA while retaining coherent energy transfer. We then use structure-based modelling and quantum dynamics to guide the rational design of higher-order synthetic circuits consisting of multiple discrete dye aggregates within a DX-tile. These programmed circuits exhibit excitonic transport properties with prominent circular dichroism, superradiance, and fast delocalized exciton transfer, consistent with our quantum dynamics predictions. This bottom-up strategy offers a versatile approach to the rational design of strongly coupled excitonic circuits using spatially organized dye aggregates for use in coherent nanoscale energy transport, artificial light-harvesting, and nanophotonics.

Methods for the design and analysis of power optimized finite-state machines using clock gating

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chodorowski, Piotr

2017-11-01

The paper discusses two methods of design of power optimized FSMs. Both methods use clock gating techniques. The main objective of the research was to write a program capable of generating automatic hardware description of finite-state machines in VHDL and testbenches to help power analysis. The creation of relevant output files is detailed step by step. The program was tested using the LGSynth91 FSM benchmark package. An analysis of the generated circuits shows that the second method presented in this paper leads to significant reduction of power consumption.

Research on the equivalent circuit model of a circular flexural-vibration-research on the equivalent circuit model of a circular flexural-vibration-mode piezoelectric transformer with moderate thickness.

PubMed

Huang, Yihua; Huang, Wenjin; Wang, Qinglei; Su, Xujian

2013-07-01

The equivalent circuit model of a piezoelectric transformer is useful in designing and optimizing the related driving circuits. Based on previous work, an equivalent circuit model for a circular flexural-vibration-mode piezoelectric transformer with moderate thickness is proposed and validated by finite element analysis. The input impedance, voltage gain, and efficiency of the transformer are determined through computation. The basic behaviors of the transformer are shown by numerical results.

Synthetic Plasma Liquid Based Electronic Circuits Realization-A Novel Concept.

PubMed

Pandya, Killol V; Kosta, ShivPrasad

2016-09-01

Biomedical research is contributing significant role in the field of biomedical engineering and applied science. It brings research and innovations to a different level. This study investigated artificial human blood -synthetic plasma liquid as conductive medium. Keeping in mind the conductivity of synthetic plasma, astable multivibrator as well as differential amplifier circuit were demonstrated. The circuits were given normal input voltages at regular temperature and ideal conditions. The result shows desired response which supports the novel concept. For both the circuits, phase shift of 180° achieved by analysing biological electronic circuits.

Marshall Space Flight Center Faculty Fellowship Program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Six, N. F.; Damiani, R. (Compiler)

2017-01-01

The 2017 Marshall Faculty Fellowship Program involved 21 faculty in the laboratories and departments at Marshall Space Flight Center. These faculty engineers and scientists worked with NASA collaborators on NASA projects, bringing new perspectives and solutions to bear. This Technical Memorandum is a compilation of the research reports of the 2017 Marshall Faculty Fellowship program, along with the Program Announcement (Appendix A) and the Program Description (Appendix B). The research affected the following six areas: (1) Materials (2) Propulsion (3) Instrumentation (4) Spacecraft systems (5) Vehicle systems (6) Space science The materials investigations included composite structures, printing electronic circuits, degradation of materials by energetic particles, friction stir welding, Martian and Lunar regolith for in-situ construction, and polymers for additive manufacturing. Propulsion studies were completed on electric sails and low-power arcjets for use with green propellants. Instrumentation research involved heat pipes, neutrino detectors, and remote sensing. Spacecraft systems research was conducted on wireless technologies, layered pressure vessels, and two-phase flow. Vehicle systems studies were performed on life support-biofilm buildup and landing systems. In the space science area, the excitation of electromagnetic ion-cyclotron waves observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission provided insight regarding the propagation of these waves. Our goal is to continue the Marshall Faculty Fellowship Program funded by Center internal project offices. Faculty Fellows in this 2017 program represented the following minority-serving institutions: Alabama A&M University and Oglala Lakota College.

SiGe HBT cryogenic preamplification for higher bandwidth donor spin read-out

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Curry, Matthew; Carr, Stephen; Ten-Eyck, Greg; Wendt, Joel; Pluym, Tammy; Lilly, Michael; Carroll, Malcolm

2014-03-01

Single-shot read-out of a donor spin can be performed using the response of a single-electron-transistor (SET). This technique can produce relatively large changes in current, on the order of 1 (nA), to distinguish between the spin states. Despite the relatively large signal, the read-out time resolution has been limited to approximately 100 (kHz) of bandwidth because of noise. Cryogenic pre-amplification has been shown to extend the response of certain detection circuits to shorter time resolution and thus higher bandwidth. We examine a SiGe HBT circuit configuration for cryogenic preamplification, which has potential advantages over commonly used HEMT configurations. Here we present 4 (K) measurements of a circuit consisting of a Silicon-SET inline with a Heterojunction-Bipolar-Transistor (HBT). We compare the measured bandwidth with and without the HBT inline and find that at higher frequencies the signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) with the HBT inline exceeds the SNR without the HBT inline. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. The work was supported by the Sandia National Laboratories Directed Research and Development Program. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed-Martin Company, for the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000.

Minimizing the total harmonic distortion for a 3 kW, 20 kHz ac to dc converter using SPICE

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lollar, Louis F.; Kapustka, Robert E.

1988-01-01

This paper describes the SPICE model of a transformer-rectified-filter (TRF) circuit and the Micro-CAP (Microcomputer Circuit Analysis Program) model and their application. The models were used to develop an actual circuit with reduced input current THD. The SPICE analysis consistently predicted the THD improvements in actual circuits as various designs were attempted. In an effort to predict and verify load regulation, the incorporation of saturable inductor models significantly improved the fidelity of the TRF circuit output voltage.

DESIGN METHODOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SINGLE-FLUX QUANTUM LOGIC CIRCUITS

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-10-01

DESIGN METHODOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SINGLE-FLUX QUANTUM LOGIC CIRCUITS UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA OCTOBER 2017 FINAL...SUBTITLE DESIGN METHODOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SINGLE-FLUX QUANTUM LOGIC CIRCUITS 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER FA8750-15-C-0203 5b. GRANT NUMBER N/A 5c. PROGRAM...of this project was to investigate the state-of-the-art in design and optimization of single-flux quantum (SFQ) logic circuits, e.g., RSFQ and ERSFQ

The University of Connecticut Biomedical Engineering Mentoring Program for high school students.

PubMed

Enderle, John D; Liebler, Christopher M; Haapala, Stephenic A; Hart, James L; Thonakkaraparayil, Naomi T; Romonosky, Laura L; Rodriguez, Francisco; Trumbower, Randy D

2004-01-01

For the past four years, the Biomedical Engineering Program at the University of Connecticut has offered a summer mentoring program for high school students interested in biomedical engineering. To offer this program, we have partnered with the UConn Mentor Connection Program, the School of Engineering 2000 Program and the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Summer Laboratory Apprentice Program. We typically have approximately 20-25 high school students learning about biomedical engineering each summer. The mentoring aspect of the program exists at many different levels, with the graduate students mentoring the undergraduate students, and these students mentoring the high school students. The program starts with a three-hour lecture on biomedical engineering to properly orient the students. An in-depth paper on an area in biomedical engineering is a required component, as well as a PowerPoint presentation on their research. All of the students build a device to record an EKG on a computer using LabView, including signal processing to remove noise. The students learn some rudimentary concepts on electrocardiography and the physiology and anatomy of the heart. The students also learn basic electronics and breadboarding circuits, PSpice, the building of a printed circuit board, PIC microcontroller, the operation of Multimeters (including the oscilloscope), soldering, assembly of the EKG device and writing LabView code to run their device on a PC. The students keep their EKG device, LabView program and a fully illustrated booklet on EKG to bring home with them, and hopefully bring back to their high school to share their experiences with other students and teachers. The students also work on several other projects during this summer experience as well as visit Hartford Hospital to learn about Clinical Engineering.

A 500-600 MHz GaN power amplifier with RC-LC stability network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ma, Xinyu; Duan, Baoxing; Yang, Yintang

2017-08-01

A 500-600 MHz high-efficiency, high-power GaN power amplifier is designed and realized on the basis of the push-pull structure. The RC-LC stability network is proposed and applied to the power amplifier circuit for the first time. The RC-LC stability network can significantly reduce the high gain out the band, which eliminates the instability of the power amplifier circuit. The developed power amplifier exhibits 58.5 dBm (700 W) output power with a 17 dB gain and 85% PAE at 500-600 MHz, 300 μs, 20% duty cycle. It has the highest PAE in P-band among the products at home and abroad. Project supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (No. 2014CB339901).

Development of chip passivated monolithic complementary MISFET circuits with beam leads

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ragonese, L. J.; Kim, M. J.; Corrie, B. L.; Brouillette, J. W.; Warr, R. E.

1972-01-01

The results are presented of a program to demonstrate the processes for fabricating complementary MISFET beam-leaded circuits, which, potentially, are comparable in quality to available bipolar beam-lead chips that use silicon nitride passivation in conjunction with a platinum-titanium-gold metal system. Materials and techniques, different from the bipolar case, were used in order to be more compatible with the special requirements of fully passivated complementary MISFET devices. Two types of circuits were designed and fabricated, a D-flip-flop and a three-input NOR/NAND gate. Fifty beam-leaded chips of each type were constructed. A quality and reliability assurance program was performed to identify failure mechanisms. Sample tests and inspections (including destructive) were developed to measure the physical characteristics of the circuits.

Measurement science and manufacturing science research

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Phillips, D. Howard

1987-01-01

The research program of Semiconductor Research Corp. is managed as three overlapping areas: Manufacturing Sciences, Design Sciences and Microstructure Sciences. A total of 40 universities are participating in the performance of over 200 research tasks. The goals and direction of Manufacturing Sciences research became more clearly focused through the efforts of the Manufacturing Sciences Committee of the SRC Technical Advisory Board (TAB). The mission of the SRC Manufacturing Research is the quantification, control, and understanding of semiconductor manufacturing process necessary to achieve a predictable and profitable product output in the competitive environment of the next decade. The 1994 integrated circuit factory must demonstrate a three level hierarchy of control: (1) operation control, (2) process control, and (3) process design. These levels of control are briefly discussed.

Intrasystem Analysis Program (IAP) code summaries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dobmeier, J. J.; Drozd, A. L. S.; Surace, J. A.

1983-05-01

This report contains detailed descriptions and capabilities of the codes that comprise the Intrasystem Analysis Program. The four codes are: Intrasystem Electromagnetic Compatibility Analysis Program (IEMCAP), General Electromagnetic Model for the Analysis of Complex Systems (GEMACS), Nonlinear Circuit Analysis Program (NCAP), and Wire Coupling Prediction Models (WIRE). IEMCAP is used for computer-aided evaluation of electromagnetic compatibility (ECM) at all stages of an Air Force system's life cycle, applicable to aircraft, space/missile, and ground-based systems. GEMACS utilizes a Method of Moments (MOM) formalism with the Electric Field Integral Equation (EFIE) for the solution of electromagnetic radiation and scattering problems. The code employs both full matrix decomposition and Banded Matrix Iteration solution techniques and is expressly designed for large problems. NCAP is a circuit analysis code which uses the Volterra approach to solve for the transfer functions and node voltage of weakly nonlinear circuits. The Wire Programs deal with the Application of Multiconductor Transmission Line Theory to the Prediction of Cable Coupling for specific classes of problems.

Hybrid measurement chains for the SAS-C spacecraft. [advantages over analog signal processing circuits

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Goeke, R. F.

1975-01-01

Spacecraft electronic systems usually demand tight packaging. It was this consideration which initially forced us to consider hybrid circuits for the analog signal processing circuits in the Small Astronomy Satellite-C (SAS-C) scientific payload. We gradually discovered that increased reliability, low power consumption, and reduced program costs all followed. This paper will attempt to share our laboratory's first experience with hybrid circuits and indicate those areas which we found to be important.

Drive and protection circuit for converter module of cascaded H-bridge STATCOM

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Xuan; Yuan, Hongliang; Wang, Xiaoxing; Wang, Shuai; Fu, Yongsheng

2018-04-01

Drive and protection circuit is an important part of power electronics, which is related to safe and stable operation issues in the power electronics. The drive and protection circuit is designed for the cascaded H-bridge STATCOM. This circuit can realize flexible dead-time setting, operation status self-detection, fault priority protection and detailed fault status uploading. It can help to improve the reliability of STATCOM's operation. Finally, the proposed circuit is tested and analyzed by power electronic simulation software PSPICE (Simulation Program with IC Emphasis) and a series of experiments. Further studies showed that the proposed circuit can realize drive and control of H-bridge circuit, meanwhile it also can realize fast processing faults and have advantage of high reliability.

Simulated Laboratory in Digital Logic.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cleaver, Thomas G.

Design of computer circuits used to be a pencil and paper task followed by laboratory tests, but logic circuit design can now be done in half the time as the engineer accesses a program which simulates the behavior of real digital circuits, and does all the wiring and testing on his computer screen. A simulated laboratory in digital logic has been…

An evaluation of the Intel 2920 digital signal processing integrated circuit

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Heller, J.

1981-01-01

The circuit consists of a digital to analog converter, accumulator, read write memory and UV erasable read only memory. The circuit can convert an analog signal to a digital representation, perform mathematical operations on the digital signal and subsequently convert the digital signal to an analog output. Development software tailored for programming the 2920 is presented.

FY2015 Energy Storage R&D Annual Progress Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None, None

The Energy Storage research and development (R&D) subprogram within the DOE Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO) provides support and guidance for projects focusing on batteries for plug-in electric vehicles. Program targets focus on overcoming technical barriers to enable market success including: (1) significantly reducing battery cost, (2) increasing battery performance (power, energy, durability), (3) reducing battery weight & volume, and (4) increasing battery tolerance to abusive conditions such as short circuit, overcharge, and crush.

An Exploratory Study of the Effect of Screen Size and Resolution on the Legibility of Graphics in Automated Job Performance Aids. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dwyer, Daniel J.

Designed to assess the effect of alternative display (CRT) screen sizes and resolution levels on user ability to identify and locate printed circuit (PC) board points, this study is the first in a protracted research program on the legibility of graphics in computer-based job aids. Air Force maintenance training pipeline students (35 male and 1…

Physics through the 1990s: Scientific interfaces and technological applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1986-01-01

The volume examines the scientific interfaces and technological applications of physics. Twelve areas are dealt with: biological physics-biophysics, the brain, and theoretical biology; the physics-chemistry interface-instrumentation, surfaces, neutron and synchrotron radiation, polymers, organic electronic materials; materials science; geophysics-tectonics, the atmosphere and oceans, planets, drilling and seismic exploration, and remote sensing; computational physics-complex systems and applications in basic research; mathematics-field theory and chaos; microelectronics-integrated circuits, miniaturization, future trends; optical information technologies-fiber optics and photonics; instrumentation; physics applications to energy needs and the environment; national security-devices, weapons, and arms control; medical physics-radiology, ultrasonics, MNR, and photonics. An executive summary and many chapters contain recommendations regarding funding, education, industry participation, small-group university research and large facility programs, government agency programs, and computer database needs.

Synthetic dual-input mammalian genetic circuits enable tunable and stringent transcription control by chemical and light.

PubMed

Chen, Xianjun; Li, Ting; Wang, Xue; Du, Zengmin; Liu, Renmei; Yang, Yi

2016-04-07

Programmable transcription factors can enable precise control of gene expression triggered by a chemical inducer or light. To obtain versatile transgene system with combined benefits of a chemical inducer and light inducer, we created various chimeric promoters through the assembly of different copies of the tet operator and Gal4 operator module, which simultaneously responded to a tetracycline-responsive transcription factor and a light-switchable transactivator. The activities of these chimeric promoters can be regulated by tetracycline and blue light synergistically or antagonistically. Further studies of the antagonistic genetic circuit exhibited high spatiotemporal resolution and extremely low leaky expression, which therefore could be used to spatially and stringently control the expression of highly toxic protein Diphtheria toxin A for light regulated gene therapy. When transferring plasmids engineered for the gene switch-driven expression of a firefly luciferase (Fluc) into mice, the Fluc expression levels of the treated animals directly correlated with the tetracycline and light input program. We suggest that dual-input genetic circuits using TET and light that serve as triggers to achieve expression profiles may enable the design of robust therapeutic gene circuits for gene- and cell-based therapies. © The Author(s) 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

VHDL Descriptions for the FPGA Implementation of PWL-Function-Based Multi-Scroll Chaotic Oscillators

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

Nowadays, chaos generators are an attractive field for research and the challenge is their realization for the development of engineering applications. From more than three decades ago, chaotic oscillators have been designed using discrete electronic devices, very few with integrated circuit technology, and in this work we propose the use of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) for fast prototyping. FPGA-based applications require that one be expert on programming with very-high-speed integrated circuits hardware description language (VHDL). In this manner, we detail the VHDL descriptions of chaos generators for fast prototyping from high-level programming using Python. The cases of study are three kinds of chaos generators based on piecewise-linear (PWL) functions that can be systematically augmented to generate even and odd number of scrolls. We introduce new algorithms for the VHDL description of PWL functions like saturated functions series, negative slopes and sawtooth. The generated VHDL-code is portable, reusable and open source to be synthesized in an FPGA. Finally, we show experimental results for observing 2, 10 and 30-scroll attractors. PMID:27997930

VHDL Descriptions for the FPGA Implementation of PWL-Function-Based Multi-Scroll Chaotic Oscillators.

PubMed

Tlelo-Cuautle, Esteban; Quintas-Valles, Antonio de Jesus; de la Fraga, Luis Gerardo; Rangel-Magdaleno, Jose de Jesus

2016-01-01

Nowadays, chaos generators are an attractive field for research and the challenge is their realization for the development of engineering applications. From more than three decades ago, chaotic oscillators have been designed using discrete electronic devices, very few with integrated circuit technology, and in this work we propose the use of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) for fast prototyping. FPGA-based applications require that one be expert on programming with very-high-speed integrated circuits hardware description language (VHDL). In this manner, we detail the VHDL descriptions of chaos generators for fast prototyping from high-level programming using Python. The cases of study are three kinds of chaos generators based on piecewise-linear (PWL) functions that can be systematically augmented to generate even and odd number of scrolls. We introduce new algorithms for the VHDL description of PWL functions like saturated functions series, negative slopes and sawtooth. The generated VHDL-code is portable, reusable and open source to be synthesized in an FPGA. Finally, we show experimental results for observing 2, 10 and 30-scroll attractors.

Scalability, Timing, and System Design Issues for Intrinsic Evolvable Hardware

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hereford, James; Gwaltney, David

2004-01-01

In this paper we address several issues pertinent to intrinsic evolvable hardware (EHW). The first issue is scalability; namely, how the design space scales as the programming string for the programmable device gets longer. We develop a model for population size and the number of generations as a function of the programming string length, L, and show that the number of circuit evaluations is an O(L2) process. We compare our model to several successful intrinsic EHW experiments and discuss the many implications of our model. The second issue that we address is the timing of intrinsic EHW experiments. We show that the processing time is a small part of the overall time to derive or evolve a circuit and that major improvements in processor speed alone will have only a minimal impact on improving the scalability of intrinsic EHW. The third issue we consider is the system-level design of intrinsic EHW experiments. We review what other researchers have done to break the scalability barrier and contend that the type of reconfigurable platform and the evolutionary algorithm are tied together and impose limits on each other.

Electronic Model of a Ferroelectric Field Effect Transistor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

MacLeod, Todd C.; Ho, Fat Duen; Russell, Larry (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

A pair of electronic models has been developed of a Ferroelectric Field Effect transistor. These models can be used in standard electrical circuit simulation programs to simulate the main characteristics of the FFET. The models use the Schmitt trigger circuit as a basis for their design. One model uses bipolar junction transistors and one uses MOSFET's. Each model has the main characteristics of the FFET, which are the current hysterisis with different gate voltages and decay of the drain current when the gate voltage is off. The drain current from each model has similar values to an actual FFET that was measured experimentally. T'he input and o Output resistance in the models are also similar to that of the FFET. The models are valid for all frequencies below RF levels. No attempt was made to model the high frequency characteristics of the FFET. Each model can be used to design circuits using FFET's with standard electrical simulation packages. These circuits can be used in designing non-volatile memory circuits and logic circuits and is compatible with all SPICE based circuit analysis programs. The models consist of only standard electrical components, such as BJT's, MOSFET's, diodes, resistors, and capacitors. Each model is compared to the experimental data measured from an actual FFET.

Center for Applied Radiation Research (CARR)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fogarty, Thomas N.

1997-01-01

Prairie View A&M University (PVAMU) Center for Applied Radiation Research (CARR) was established in 1995 to address the tasks, missions and technological needs of NASA. CARR is built on a tradition of radiation research at Prairie View A&M started in 1984 with NASA funding. This continuing program has lead to: (1) A more fundamental and practical understanding of radiation effects on electronics and materials; (2) A dialog between space, military and commercial electronics manufacturers; (3) Innovative electronic circuit designs; (4) Development of state-of-the-art research facilities at PVAMU; (5) Expanded faculty and staff to mentor student research; and (6) Most importantly, increased flow in the pipeline leading to expanded participation of African-Americans and other minorities in science and technological fields of interest to NASA.

Cassette for handling banknotes or the like

DOEpatents

Lundblad, Leif

1981-08-11

A cassette for banknotes and like valuable articles is provided with a displaceable lid (6) and locking means (10) for latching the lid of the cassette when the cassette is located outside a housing (25) in which it is intended to be placed. An operating means (8) is arranged to co-act with the locking means and with a latching element (15). The latching element is arranged to be released in dependence upon a pre-set program. A signal circuit is arranged to send a code signal to a detector circuit (23) when electrical contact elements on the cassette and the housing co-act with one another, which detector circuit, when the signal coincides with the signal program in the detector circuit, causes a signal to be sent for moving the latching means to a non-latching position.

Investigation of the use of microwave image line integrated circuits for use in radiometers and other microwave devices in X-band and above

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Knox, R. M.; Toulios, P. P.; Onoda, G. Y.

1972-01-01

Program results are described in which the use of a/high permittivity rectangular dielectric image waveguide has been investigated for use in microwave and millimeter wavelength circuits. Launchers from rectangular metal waveguide to image waveguide are described. Theoretical and experimental evaluations of the radiation from curved image waveguides are given. Measurements of attenuation due to conductor and dielectric losses, adhesives, and gaps between the dielectric waveguide and the image plane are included. Various passive components are described and evaluations given. Investigations of various techniques for fabrication of image waveguide circuits using ceramic waveguides are also presented. Program results support the evaluation of the image line approach as an advantageous method for realizing low loss integrated electronic circuits for X-band and above.

Calculating Second-Order Effects in MOSFET's

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Benumof, Reuben; Zoutendyk, John A.; Coss, James R.

1990-01-01

Collection of mathematical models includes second-order effects in n-channel, enhancement-mode, metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFET's). When dimensions of circuit elements relatively large, effects neglected safely. However, as very-large-scale integration of microelectronic circuits leads to MOSFET's shorter or narrower than 2 micrometer, effects become significant in design and operation. Such computer programs as widely-used "Simulation Program With Integrated Circuit Emphasis, Version 2" (SPICE 2) include many of these effects. In second-order models of n-channel, enhancement-mode MOSFET, first-order gate-depletion region diminished by triangular-cross-section deletions on end and augmented by circular-wedge-cross-section bulges on sides.

Architecture of enteric neural circuits involved in intestinal motility.

PubMed

Costa, M; Brookes, S H

2008-08-01

This short review describes the conceptual development in the search for the enteric neural circuits with the initial identifications of the classes of enteric neurons on the bases of their morphology, neurochemistry, biophysical properties, projections and connectivity. The discovery of the presence of multiple neurochemicals in the same nerve cells in specific combinations led to the concept of "chemical coding" and of "plurichemical transmission". The proposal that enteric reflexes are largely responsible for the propulsion of contents led to investigations of polarised reflex pathways and how these may be activated to generate the coordinated propulsive behaviour of the intestine. The research over the past decades attempted to integrate information of chemical neuroanatomy with functional studies, with the development of methods combining anatomical, functional and pharmacological techniques. This multidisciplinary strategy led to a full accounting of all functional classes of enteric neurons in the guinea-pig, and advanced wiring diagrams of the enteric neural circuits have been proposed. In parallel, investigations of the actual behaviour of the intestine during physiological motor activity have advanced with the development of spatio-temporal analysis from video recordings. The relation between neural pathways, their activities and the generation of patterns of motor activity remain largely unexplained. The enteric neural circuits appear not set in rigid programs but respond to different physico-chemical contents in an adaptable way (neuromechanical hypothesis). The generation of the complex repertoire of motor patterns results from the interplay of myogenic and neuromechanical mechanisms with spontaneous generation of migratory motor activity by enteric circuits.

78 FR 8675 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-06

... Proposed Rule Change to Amend ISE Rule 2102 to Extend the Market-Wide Circuit Breaker Pilot Program January...- wide circuit breaker on a pilot basis for a period that corresponds to the pilot period for the LULD... delay the operative date of the market-wide circuit breaker pilot to April 8, 2013 in order for the...

Simulation Model of A Ferroelectric Field Effect Transistor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

MacLeod, Todd C.; Ho, Fat Duen; Russell, Larry W. (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

An electronic simulation model has been developed of a ferroelectric field effect transistor (FFET). This model can be used in standard electrical circuit simulation programs to simulate the main characteristics of the FFET. The model uses a previously developed algorithm that incorporates partial polarization as a basis for the design. The model has the main characteristics of the FFET, which are the current hysterisis with different gate voltages and decay of the drain current when the gate voltage is off. The drain current has values matching actual FFET's, which were measured experimentally. The input and output resistance in the model is similar to that of the FFET. The model is valid for all frequencies below RF levels. A variety of different ferroelectric material characteristics can be modeled. The model can be used to design circuits using FFET'S with standard electrical simulation packages. The circuit can be used in designing non-volatile memory circuits and logic circuits and is compatible with all SPICE based circuit analysis programs. The model is a drop in library that integrates seamlessly into a SPICE simulation. A comparison is made between the model and experimental data measured from an actual FFET.

GaAs MMIC elements in phased-array antennas

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Leonard, Regis F.

1988-01-01

Over the last six years NASA Lewis Research Center has carried out a program aimed at the development of advanced monolithic microwave integrated circuit technology, principally for use in phased-array antenna applications. Arising out of the Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS) program, the initial targets of the program were chips which operated at 30 and 20 GHz. Included in this group of activities were monolithic power modules with an output of 2 watts at GHz, variable phase shifters at both 20 and 30 GHz, low noise technology at 30 GHz, and a fully integrated (phase shifter, variable gain amplifier, power amplifier) transmit module at 20 GHz. Subsequent developments are centered on NASA mission requirements, particularly Space Station communications systems and deep space data communications.

Pure-tone Audiometer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kapul, A. A.; Zubova, E. I.; Torgaev, S. N.; Drobchik, V. V.

2017-08-01

The research focuses on a pure-tone audiometer designing. The relevance of the study is proved by high incidence of an auditory analyser in older people and children. At first, the article provides information about subjective and objective audiometry methods. Secondly, we offer block-diagram and basic-circuit arrangement of device. We decided to base on STM32F407VG microcontroller and use digital pot in the function of attenuator. Third, we implemented microcontroller and PC connection. C programming language is used for microcontroller’s program and PC’s interface. Fourthly, we created the pure-tone audiometer prototype. In the future, we will implement the objective method ASSR in addition to pure-tone audiometry.

Slow Scan Telemedicine

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1984-01-01

Originally developed under contract for NASA by Ball Bros. Research Corporation for acquiring visual information from lunar and planetary spacecraft, system uses standard closed circuit camera connected to a device called a scan converter, which slows the stream of images to match an audio circuit, such as a telephone line. Transmitted to its destination, the image is reconverted by another scan converter and displayed on a monitor. In addition to assist scans, technique allows transmission of x-rays, nuclear scans, ultrasonic imagery, thermograms, electrocardiograms or live views of patient. Also allows conferencing and consultation among medical centers, general practitioners, specialists and disease control centers. Commercialized by Colorado Video, Inc., major employment is in business and industry for teleconferencing, cable TV news, transmission of scientific/engineering data, security, information retrieval, insurance claim adjustment, instructional programs, and remote viewing of advertising layouts, real estate, construction sites or products.

Basic research for development of the beam profile monitor based on a Faraday cup array system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Park, Mook-Kwang

2015-10-01

The basic design used to develop a beam profile monitor based on a Faraday cup array (FCA), which has the advantages of high robustness, reliability, and long-term stability, along with the ability to measure the ion current over a wide dynamic range, was developed. The total system is divided into three parts: i.e., a faraday cup, measuring electronics, and a display program part. The FCA was considered to consist of a collimator, suppressor, insulator frame, and 64 (8 × 8 array) tiny Faraday cups (FC). An electronic circuit using a multiplexer was applied to effectively address many signal lines and the printed circuit board (PCB) was designed to be divided into three parts, i.e., an electrode PCB (ELEC PCB), capacitance PCB (CAP PCB), and control PCB (CON PCB).

An Experimental Program Offering Junior College Remedial English Instruction Simultaneously to High School Seniors and Junior College Freshmen via Open Circuit Television. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boettcher, Kenneth D.

American River College (Calif.) devised an experimental program in remedial English intended to better prepare entering freshmen. It was given by open-circuit TV simultaneously to high school seniors and junior college freshmen in the hope that, in subsequent years, there would be fewer inadequately prepared freshmen and that more could enroll…

Research progress of Ge on insulator grown by rapid melting growth

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Zhi; Wen, Juanjuan; Li, Chuanbo; Xue, Chunlai; Cheng, Buwen

2018-06-01

Ge is an attractive material for Si-based microelectronics and photonics due to its high carries mobility, pseudo direct bandgap structure, and the compatibility with complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) processes. Based on Ge, Ge on insulator (GOI) not only has these advantages, but also provides strong electronic and optical confinement. Recently, a novel technique to fabricate GOI by rapid melting growth (RMG) has been described. Here, we introduce the RMG technique and review recent efforts and progress in RMG. Firstly, we will introduce process steps of RMG. We will then review the researches which focus on characterizations of the GOI including growth dimension, growth mechanism, growth orientation, concentration distribution, and strain status. Finally, GOI based applications including high performance metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) and photodetectors will be discussed. These results show that RMG is a promising technique for growth of high quality GOIs with different characterizations. The GOI grown by RMG is a potential material for the next-generation of integrated circuits and optoelectronic circuits. Project supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFA0206404) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61435013, 61534005, 61534004, 61604146).

IPACS Electronics: Comments on the Original Design and Current Efforts at Langley Research Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gowdey, J. C.

1983-01-01

The development of the integrated power altitude control system (IPACS) is described. The power bridge was fabricated, and all major parts are in hand. The bridge was tested with a 1/4 HP motor for another program. The PWM, Control Logic, and upper bridge driver power supply are breadboarded and are debugged prior to starting testing on a passive load. The Hall sensor circuit for detecting rotor position is in design.

Joint Services Electronics Program: Electronics Research at the University of Texas at Austin

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-12-31

structures. This system is also used routinely as an in-situ measure of alloy composition. We have shown that significant changes in the principal...RHEED streak intensity and shape are produced by very small changes in adatom coverage and that the profile is noticeably different for Ga and As...characteristic impedance measurement instruments. The oscillation frequency in the waveguide circuit could be varied from 8 to 12 GHz by changing the dc bias

User's Guide for Computer Program that Routes Signal Traces

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hedgley, David R., Jr.

2000-01-01

This disk contains both a FORTRAN computer program and the corresponding user's guide that facilitates both its incorporation into your system and its utility. The computer program represents an efficient algorithm that routes signal traces on layers of a printed circuit with both through-pins and surface mounts. The computer program included is an implementation of the ideas presented in the theoretical paper titled "A Formal Algorithm for Routing Signal Traces on a Printed Circuit Board", NASA TP-3639 published in 1996. The computer program in the "connects" file can be read with a FORTRAN compiler and readily integrated into software unique to each particular environment where it might be used.

Passively Shunted Piezoelectric Damping of Centrifugally-Loaded Plates

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Duffy, Kirsten P.; Provenza, Andrew J.; Trudell, Jeffrey J.; Min, James B.

2009-01-01

Researchers at NASA Glenn Research Center have been investigating shunted piezoelectric circuits as potential damping treatments for turbomachinery rotor blades. This effort seeks to determine the effects of centrifugal loading on passively-shunted piezoelectric - damped plates. Passive shunt circuit parameters are optimized for the plate's third bending mode. Tests are performed both non-spinning and in the Dynamic Spin Facility to verify the analysis, and to determine the effectiveness of the damping under centrifugal loading. Results show that a resistive shunt circuit will reduce resonant vibration for this configuration. However, a tuned shunt circuit will be required to achieve the desired damping level. The analysis and testing address several issues with passive shunt circuit implementation in a rotating system, including piezoelectric material integrity under centrifugal loading, shunt circuit implementation, and tip mode damping.

Boosting functionality of synthetic DNA circuits with tailored deactivation

PubMed Central

Montagne, Kevin; Gines, Guillaume; Fujii, Teruo; Rondelez, Yannick

2016-01-01

Molecular programming takes advantage of synthetic nucleic acid biochemistry to assemble networks of reactions, in vitro, with the double goal of better understanding cellular regulation and providing information-processing capabilities to man-made chemical systems. The function of molecular circuits is deeply related to their topological structure, but dynamical features (rate laws) also play a critical role. Here we introduce a mechanism to tune the nonlinearities associated with individual nodes of a synthetic network. This mechanism is based on programming deactivation laws using dedicated saturable pathways. We demonstrate this approach through the conversion of a single-node homoeostatic network into a bistable and reversible switch. Furthermore, we prove its generality by adding new functions to the library of reported man-made molecular devices: a system with three addressable bits of memory, and the first DNA-encoded excitable circuit. Specific saturable deactivation pathways thus greatly enrich the functional capability of a given circuit topology. PMID:27845324

Improvement in Brightness Uniformity by Compensating for the Threshold Voltages of Both the Driving Thin-Film Transistor and the Organic Light-Emitting Diode for Active-Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode Displays

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ching-Lin Fan,; Hui-Lung Lai,; Jyu-Yu Chang,

2010-05-01

In this paper, we propose a novel pixel design and driving method for active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AM-OLED) displays using low-temperature polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (LTPS-TFTs). The proposed threshold voltage compensation circuit, which comprised five transistors and two capacitors, has been verified to supply uniform output current by simulation work using the automatic integrated circuit modeling simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (AIM-SPICE) simulator. The driving scheme of this voltage programming method includes four periods: precharging, compensation, data input, and emission. The simulated results demonstrate excellent properties such as low error rate of OLED anode voltage variation (<1%) and high output current. The proposed pixel circuit shows high immunity to the threshold voltage deviation characteristics of both the driving poly-Si TFT and the OLED.

Development of an Algorithm for Automatic Analysis of the Impedance Spectrum Based on a Measurement Model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kobayashi, Kiyoshi; Suzuki, Tohru S.

2018-03-01

A new algorithm for the automatic estimation of an equivalent circuit and the subsequent parameter optimization is developed by combining the data-mining concept and complex least-squares method. In this algorithm, the program generates an initial equivalent-circuit model based on the sampling data and then attempts to optimize the parameters. The basic hypothesis is that the measured impedance spectrum can be reproduced by the sum of the partial-impedance spectra presented by the resistor, inductor, resistor connected in parallel to a capacitor, and resistor connected in parallel to an inductor. The adequacy of the model is determined by using a simple artificial-intelligence function, which is applied to the output function of the Levenberg-Marquardt module. From the iteration of model modifications, the program finds an adequate equivalent-circuit model without any user input to the equivalent-circuit model.

Effect of Sensors on the Reliability and Control Performance of Power Circuits in the Web of Things (WoT)

PubMed Central

Bae, Sungwoo; Kim, Myungchin

2016-01-01

In order to realize a true WoT environment, a reliable power circuit is required to ensure interconnections among a range of WoT devices. This paper presents research on sensors and their effects on the reliability and response characteristics of power circuits in WoT devices. The presented research can be used in various power circuit applications, such as energy harvesting interfaces, photovoltaic systems, and battery management systems for the WoT devices. As power circuits rely on the feedback from voltage/current sensors, the system performance is likely to be affected by the sensor failure rates, sensor dynamic characteristics, and their interface circuits. This study investigated how the operational availability of the power circuits is affected by the sensor failure rates by performing a quantitative reliability analysis. In the analysis process, this paper also includes the effects of various reconstruction and estimation techniques used in power processing circuits (e.g., energy harvesting circuits and photovoltaic systems). This paper also reports how the transient control performance of power circuits is affected by sensor interface circuits. With the frequency domain stability analysis and circuit simulation, it was verified that the interface circuit dynamics may affect the transient response characteristics of power circuits. The verification results in this paper showed that the reliability and control performance of the power circuits can be affected by the sensor types, fault tolerant approaches against sensor failures, and the response characteristics of the sensor interfaces. The analysis results were also verified by experiments using a power circuit prototype. PMID:27608020

Computer modeling of batteries from nonlinear circuit elements

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Waaben, S.; Dyer, C.K.; Federico, J.

1985-06-01

Circuit analogs for a single battery cell have previously been composed of resistors, capacitors, and inductors. This work introduces a nonlinear circuit model for cell behavior. The circuit is configured around the PIN junction diode, whose charge-storage behavior has features similar to those of electrochemical cells. A user-friendly integrated circuit simulation computer program has reproduced a variety of complex cell responses including electrica isolation effects causing capacity loss, as well as potentiodynamic peaks and discharge phenomena hitherto thought to be thermodynamic in origin. However, in this work, they are shown to be simply due to spatial distribution of stored chargemore » within a practical electrode.« less

A new AC driving circuit for a top emission AMOLED

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yongwen, Zhang; Wenbin, Chen; Haohan, Liu

2013-05-01

A new voltage programmed pixel circuit with top emission design for active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) displays is presented and verified by HSPICE simulations. The proposed pixel circuit consists of five poly-Si TFTs, and can effectively compensate for the threshold voltage variation of the driving TFT. Meanwhile, the proposed pixel circuit offers an AC driving mode for the OLED by the two adjacent pulse voltage sources, which can suppress the degradation of the OLED. Moreover, a high contrast ratio can be achieved by the proposed pixel circuit since the OLED does not emit any light except for the emission period.

Self-healing fuse development

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jones, N. D.; Kinsinger, R. E.; Harris, L. P.

1973-01-01

The mercury-filled self-healing fuses developed for this program afford very good protection from circuit faults with rapid reclosure. Fuse performance and design parameters have been characterized. Life tests indicate a capability of 500 fuse operations. Fuse ratings are 150 v at 5, 15, 25 and 50 circuit A. A series of sample fuses using alumina and beryllia insulation have been furnished to NASA for circuit evaluation.

Automated Design Tools for Integrated Mixed-Signal Microsystems (NeoCAD)

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-02-01

method, Model Order Reduction (MOR) tools, system-level, mixed-signal circuit synthesis and optimization tools, and parsitic extraction tools. A unique...Mission Area: Command and Control mixed signal circuit simulation parasitic extraction time-domain simulation IC design flow model order reduction... Extraction 1.2 Overall Program Milestones CHAPTER 2 FAST TIME DOMAIN MIXED-SIGNAL CIRCUIT SIMULATION 2.1 HAARSPICE Algorithms 2.1.1 Mathematical Background

FY2016 Advanced Batteries R&D Annual Progress Report - Part 4 of 5

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None, None

The Advanced Batteries research and development (R&D) subprogram within the DOE Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO) provides support and guidance for projects focusing on batteries for plug-in electric vehicles. Program targets focus on overcoming technical barriers to enable market success including: (1) significantly reducing battery cost, (2) increasing battery performance (power, energy, durability), (3) reducing battery weight & volume, and (4) increasing battery tolerance to abusive conditions such as short circuit, overcharge, and crush. This report describes the progress made on the research and development projects funded by the Battery subprogram in 2016. This section covers Advanced Battery Materials Research (BMR)more » part 1.« less

FY2016 Advanced Batteries R&D Annual Progress Report - Part 3 of 5

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None, None

The Advanced Batteries research and development (R&D) subprogram within the DOE Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO) provides support and guidance for projects focusing on batteries for plug-in electric vehicles. Program targets focus on overcoming technical barriers to enable market success including: (1) significantly reducing battery cost, (2) increasing battery performance (power, energy, durability), (3) reducing battery weight & volume, and (4) increasing battery tolerance to abusive conditions such as short circuit, overcharge, and crush. This report describes the progress made on the research and development projects funded by the Battery subprogram in 2016. This section covers the summaries of the Appliedmore » Batteries Research for Transportation Projects part 2.« less

FY2016 Advanced Batteries R&D Annual Progress Report - Part 2 of 5

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None, None

The Advanced Batteries research and development (R&D) subprogram within the DOE Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO) provides support and guidance for projects focusing on batteries for plug-in electric vehicles. Program targets focus on overcoming technical barriers to enable market success including: (1) significantly reducing battery cost, (2) increasing battery performance (power, energy, durability), (3) reducing battery weight & volume, and (4) increasing battery tolerance to abusive conditions such as short circuit, overcharge, and crush. This report describes the progress made on the research and development projects funded by the Battery subprogram in 2016. This section covers the summaries of the Appliedmore » Batteries Research for Transportation Projects part 1.« less

Possible Explanation for Cancer in Rats due to Cell Phone Radio Frequency Radiation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feldman, Bernard J.

Very recently, the National Toxicology Program reported a correlation between exposure to whole body 900 MHz radio frequency radiation and cancer in the brains and hearts of Sprague Dawley male rats. Assuming that the National Toxicology Program is statistically significant, I propose the following explanation for these results. The neurons around the brain and heart form closed electrical circuits and, following Faraday's Law, 900 MHz radio frequency radiation induces 900 MHz electrical currents in these neural circuits. In turn, these 900 MHz currents in the neural circuits generate sufficient localized heat in the neural cells to shift the equilibrium concentration of carcinogenic radicals to higher levels and thus, to higher incidences of cancer.

Updated Electronic Testbed System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brewer, Kevin L.

2001-01-01

As we continue to advance in exploring space frontiers, technology must also advance. The need for faster data recovery and data processing is crucial. In this, the less equipment used, and lighter that equipment is, the better. Because integrated circuits become more sensitive in high altitude, experimental verification and quantification is required. The Center for Applied Radiation Research (CARR) at Prairie View A&M University was awarded a grant by NASA to participate in the NASA ER-2 Flight Program, the APEX balloon flight program, and the Student Launch Program. These programs are to test anomalous errors in integrated circuits due to single event effects (SEE). CARR had already begun experiments characterizing the SEE behavior of high speed and high density SRAM's. The research center built a error testing system using a PC-104 computer unit, an Iomega Zip drive for storage, a test board with the components under test, and a latchup detection and reset unit. A test program was written to continuously monitor a stored data pattern in the SRAM chip and record errors. The devices under test were eight 4Mbit memory chips totaling 4Mbytes of memory. CARR was successful at obtaining data using the Electronic TestBed System (EBS) in various NASA ER-2 test flights. These series of high altitude flights of up to 70,000 feet, were effective at yielding the conditions which single event effects usually occur. However, the data received from the series of flights indicated one error per twenty-four hours. Because flight test time is very expensive, the initial design proved not to be cost effective. The need for orders of magnitude with more memory became essential. Therefore, a project which could test more memory within a given time was created. The goal of this project was not only to test more memory within a given time, but also to have a system with a faster processing speed, and which used less peripherals. This paper will describe procedures used to build an updated Electronic Testbed System.

Decision making in the ageing brain: changes in affective and motivational circuits.

PubMed

Samanez-Larkin, Gregory R; Knutson, Brian

2015-05-01

As the global population ages, older decision makers will be required to take greater responsibility for their own physical, psychological and financial well-being. With this in mind, researchers have begun to examine the effects of ageing on decision making and associated neural circuits. A new 'affect-integration-motivation' (AIM) framework may help to clarify how affective and motivational circuits support decision making. Recent research has shed light on whether and how ageing influences these circuits, providing an interdisciplinary account of how ageing can alter decision making.

Decision making in the ageing brain: Changes in affective and motivational circuits

PubMed Central

Samanez-Larkin, Gregory R.; Knutson, Brian

2017-01-01

As the global population ages, older decision makers will be required to take greater responsibility for their own physical, psychological and financial well-being. With this in mind, researchers have begun to examine the effects of ageing on decision making and associated neural circuits. A new “affect, integration, motivation” (or AIM) framework may help clarify how affective and motivational circuits support decision making. Recent research has shed light on whether and how ageing influences these circuits, providing an interdisciplinary account of how ageing can alter decision making. PMID:25873038

Calculation of cosmic ray induced single event upsets: Program CRUP (Cosmic Ray Upset Program)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shapiro, P.

1983-09-01

This report documents PROGRAM CRUP, COSMIC RAY UPSET PROGRAM. The computer program calculates cosmic ray induced single-event error rates in microelectronic circuits exposed to several representative cosmic-ray environments.

Flight test validation of a design procedure for digital autopilots

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bryant, W. H.

1983-01-01

Commercially available general aviation autopilots are currently in transition from an analogue circuit system to a computer implemented digital flight control system. Well known advantages of the digital autopilot include enhanced modes, self-test capacity, fault detection, and greater computational capacity. A digital autopilot's computational capacity can be used to full advantage by increasing the sophistication of the digital autopilot's chief function, stability and control. NASA's Langley Research Center has been pursuing the development of direct digital design tools for aircraft stabilization systems for several years. This effort has most recently been directed towards the development and realization of multi-mode digital autopilots for GA aircraft, conducted under a SPIFR-related program called the General Aviation Terminal Operations Research (GATOR) Program. This presentation focuses on the implementation and testing of a candidate multi-mode autopilot designed using these newly developed tools.

Spring Break: A Lesson in Circuits. "This Old House" College Style.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duch, Barbara

2001-01-01

Introduces students to the topics of electricity and circuits within the context of house wiring. Explores the properties of series and parallel circuits, researches local wiring codes, calculates the current used by appliances based on their power ratings, and designs circuits in a typical kitchen. (Author/ASK)

CUGatesDensity—Quantum circuit analyser extended to density matrices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Loke, T.; Wang, J. B.

2013-12-01

CUGatesDensity is an extension of the original quantum circuit analyser CUGates (Loke and Wang, 2011) [7] to provide explicit support for the use of density matrices. The new package enables simulation of quantum circuits involving statistical ensemble of mixed quantum states. Such analysis is of vital importance in dealing with quantum decoherence, measurements, noise and error correction, and fault tolerant computation. Several examples involving mixed state quantum computation are presented to illustrate the use of this package. Catalogue identifier: AEPY_v1_0 Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEPY_v1_0.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen’s University, Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: Standard CPC licence, http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/licence/licence.html No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 5368 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 143994 Distribution format: tar.gz Programming language: Mathematica. Computer: Any computer installed with a copy of Mathematica 6.0 or higher. Operating system: Any system with a copy of Mathematica 6.0 or higher installed. Classification: 4.15. Nature of problem: To simulate arbitrarily complex quantum circuits comprised of single/multiple qubit and qudit quantum gates with mixed state registers. Solution method: A density matrix representation for mixed states and a state vector representation for pure states are used. The construct is based on an irreducible form of matrix decomposition, which allows a highly efficient implementation of general controlled gates with multiple conditionals. Running time: The examples provided in the notebook CUGatesDensity.nb take approximately 30 s to run on a laptop PC.

Pausing and activating thread state upon pin assertion by external logic monitoring polling loop exit time condition

DOEpatents

Chen, Dong; Giampapa, Mark; Heidelberger, Philip; Ohmacht, Martin; Satterfield, David L; Steinmacher-Burow, Burkhard; Sugavanam, Krishnan

2013-05-21

A system and method for enhancing performance of a computer which includes a computer system including a data storage device. The computer system includes a program stored in the data storage device and steps of the program are executed by a processer. The processor processes instructions from the program. A wait state in the processor waits for receiving specified data. A thread in the processor has a pause state wherein the processor waits for specified data. A pin in the processor initiates a return to an active state from the pause state for the thread. A logic circuit is external to the processor, and the logic circuit is configured to detect a specified condition. The pin initiates a return to the active state of the thread when the specified condition is detected using the logic circuit.

Grand Research Plan for Neural Circuits of Emotion and Memory--current status of neural circuit studies in China.

PubMed

Zhu, Yuan-Gui; Cao, He-Qi; Dong, Er-Dan

2013-02-01

During recent years, major advances have been made in neuroscience, i.e., asynchronous release, three-dimensional structural data sets, saliency maps, magnesium in brain research, and new functional roles of long non-coding RNAs. Especially, the development of optogenetic technology provides access to important information about relevant neural circuits by allowing the activation of specific neurons in awake mammals and directly observing the resulting behavior. The Grand Research Plan for Neural Circuits of Emotion and Memory was launched by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. It takes emotion and memory as its main objects, making the best use of cutting-edge technologies from medical science, life science and information science. In this paper, we outline the current status of neural circuit studies in China and the technologies and methodologies being applied, as well as studies related to the impairments of emotion and memory. In this phase, we are making efforts to repair the current deficiencies by making adjustments, mainly involving four aspects of core scientific issues to investigate these circuits at multiple levels. Five research directions have been taken to solve important scientific problems while the Grand Research Plan is implemented. Future research into this area will be multimodal, incorporating a range of methods and sciences into each project. Addressing these issues will ensure a bright future, major discoveries, and a higher level of treatment for all affected by debilitating brain illnesses.

DFACS - DATABASE, FORMS AND APPLICATIONS FOR CABLING AND SYSTEMS, VERSION 3.30

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Billitti, J. W.

1994-01-01

DFACS is an interactive multi-user computer-aided engineering tool for system level electrical integration and cabling engineering. The purpose of the program is to provide the engineering community with a centralized database for entering and accessing system functional definitions, subsystem and instrument-end circuit pinout details, and harnessing data. The primary objective is to provide an instantaneous single point of information interchange, thus avoiding error-prone, time-consuming, and costly multiple-path data shuttling. The DFACS program, which is centered around a single database, has built-in menus that provide easy data input and access for all involved system, subsystem, and cabling personnel. The DFACS program allows parallel design of circuit data sheets and harness drawings. It also recombines raw information to automatically generate various project documents and drawings including the Circuit Data Sheet Index, the Electrical Interface Circuits List, Assembly and Equipment Lists, Electrical Ground Tree, Connector List, Cable Tree, Cabling Electrical Interface and Harness Drawings, Circuit Data Sheets, and ECR List of Affected Interfaces/Assemblies. Real time automatic production of harness drawings and circuit data sheets from the same data reservoir ensures instant system and cabling engineering design harmony. DFACS also contains automatic wire routing procedures and extensive error checking routines designed to minimize the possibility of engineering error. DFACS is designed to run on DEC VAX series computers under VMS using Version 6.3/01 of INGRES QUEL/OSL, a relational database system which is available through Relational Technology, Inc. The program is available in VAX BACKUP format on a 1600 BPI 9-track magnetic tape (standard media) or a TK50 tape cartridge. DFACS was developed in 1987 and last updated in 1990. DFACS is a copyrighted work with all copyright vested in NASA. DEC, VAX and VMS are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. INGRES QUEL/OSL is a trademark of Relational Technology, Inc.

Advanced Power Electronics Components

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schwarze, Gene E.

2004-01-01

This paper will give a description and status of the Advanced Power Electronics Materials and Components Technology program being conducted by the NASA Glenn Research Center for future aerospace power applications. The focus of this research program is on the following: 1) New and/or significantly improved dielectric materials for the development of power capacitors with increased volumetric efficiency, energy density, and operating temperature. Materials being investigated include nanocrystalline and composite ceramic dielectrics and diamond-like carbon films; 2) New and/or significantly improved high frequency, high temperature, low loss soft magnetic materials for the development of transformers/inductors with increased power/energy density, electrical efficiency, and operating temperature. Materials being investigated include nanocrystalline and nanocomposite soft magnetic materials; 3) Packaged high temperature, high power density, high voltage, and low loss SiC diodes and switches. Development of high quality 4H- and 6H- SiC atomically smooth substrates to significantly improve device performance is a major emphasis of the SiC materials program; 4) Demonstration of high temperature (> 200 C) circuits using the components developed above.

Ultra Low-Voltage Energy Harvesting

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-01

Power PV Photovoltaic R Resistance RF Radio Frequencies S Switch SPICE Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis T Switching Cycle xiv...control experiment, a supercapacitor was connected to a photovoltaic (PV) source with a diode in between. The advantages of this circuit were a...Circuits to harvest thermal differences typically produce only 0.02 to 0.15 V, while low-power photovoltaic cells can generate 0.2 to 0.7 V and

Automatic design of synthetic gene circuits through mixed integer non-linear programming.

PubMed

Huynh, Linh; Kececioglu, John; Köppe, Matthias; Tagkopoulos, Ilias

2012-01-01

Automatic design of synthetic gene circuits poses a significant challenge to synthetic biology, primarily due to the complexity of biological systems, and the lack of rigorous optimization methods that can cope with the combinatorial explosion as the number of biological parts increases. Current optimization methods for synthetic gene design rely on heuristic algorithms that are usually not deterministic, deliver sub-optimal solutions, and provide no guaranties on convergence or error bounds. Here, we introduce an optimization framework for the problem of part selection in synthetic gene circuits that is based on mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP), which is a deterministic method that finds the globally optimal solution and guarantees convergence in finite time. Given a synthetic gene circuit, a library of characterized parts, and user-defined constraints, our method can find the optimal selection of parts that satisfy the constraints and best approximates the objective function given by the user. We evaluated the proposed method in the design of three synthetic circuits (a toggle switch, a transcriptional cascade, and a band detector), with both experimentally constructed and synthetic promoter libraries. Scalability and robustness analysis shows that the proposed framework scales well with the library size and the solution space. The work described here is a step towards a unifying, realistic framework for the automated design of biological circuits.

A cortical circuit for voluntary laryngeal control: Implications for the evolution language.

PubMed

Hickok, Gregory

2017-02-01

The development of voluntary laryngeal control has been argued to be a key innovation in the evolution of language. Part of the evidence for this hypothesis comes from neuroscience. For example, comparative research has shown that humans have direct cortical innervation of motor neurons controlling the larynx, whereas nonhuman primates do not. Research on cortical motor control circuits has shown that the frontal lobe cortical motor system does not work alone; it is dependent on sensory feedback control circuits. Thus, the human brain must have evolved not only the required efferent motor pathway but also the cortical circuit for controlling those efferent signals. To fill this gap, I propose a link between the evolution of laryngeal control and neuroscience research on the human dorsal auditory-motor speech stream. Specifically, I argue that the dorsal stream Spt (Sylvian parietal-temporal) circuit evolved in step with the direct cortico-laryngeal control pathway and together represented a key advance in the evolution of speech. I suggest that a cortical laryngeal control circuit may play an important role in language by providing a prosodic frame for speech planning.

2011 Nanoelectronic Devices for Defense & Security (NANO-DDS) Conference Held in Brooklyn, New York on August 29-September 1, 2011. Technical Program and Abstract Digest

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-08-01

challenges in new design methodologies . Particular examples involve an in-circuit functional timing testing of systems with millions of cores. I...TECHNIQUES Chair: Dwight Woolard, U.S. Army Research Office (ARO) 8:40-9:05 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN OF SINGLE-CRYSTAL DNA FOR THZ SPECTROSCOPY...Detection Based Techniques EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN OF SINGLE-CRYSTAL DNA FOR THZ SPECTROSCOPY E. R. Brown, M.L. Norton, M. Rahman, W. Zhang Wright

Design of a Microprogram Control Unit with Concurrent Error Detection.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-08-01

I fxoot Office of Naval Research N/A N00039-80-C-0556 ta. ADDRESS (City. St.. and ZIP Cod 10. SOURCE OF FUNOING N0. -PROGRAM PROJECT TASK WORK UNIT...However, the CED concept is mainly applied to various codes data transmission, and simple functional units, such as arithmetic units. Little work has...been done in the control unit area. Previous work is primarily in the use of clanical self-checking circuits, using bit slicin& parity, and m-out-of-n

Instrumentation Cables Test Plan

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Muna, Alice Baca; LaFleur, Chris Bensdotter

A fire at a nuclear power plant (NPP) has the potential to damage structures, systems, and components important to safety, if not promptly detected and suppressed. At Browns Ferry Nuclear Power Plant on March 22, 1975, a fire in the reactor building damaged electrical power and control systems. Damage to instrumentation cables impeded the function of both normal and standby reactor coolant systems, and degraded the operators’ plant monitoring capability. This event resulted in additional NRC involvement with utilities to ensure that NPPs are properly protected from fire as intended by the NRC principle design criteria (i.e., general design criteriamore » 3, Fire Protection). Current guidance and methods for both deterministic and performance based approaches typically make conservative (bounding) assumptions regarding the fire-induced failure modes of instrumentation cables and those failure modes effects on component and system response. Numerous fire testing programs have been conducted in the past to evaluate the failure modes and effects of electrical cables exposed to severe thermal conditions. However, that testing has primarily focused on control circuits with only a limited number of tests performed on instrumentation circuits. In 2001, the Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI) and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) conducted a series of cable fire tests designed to address specific aspects of the cable failure and circuit fault issues of concern1. The NRC was invited to observe and participate in that program. The NRC sponsored Sandia National Laboratories to support this participation, whom among other things, added a 4-20 mA instrumentation circuit and instrumentation cabling to six of the tests. Although limited, one insight drawn from those instrumentation circuits tests was that the failure characteristics appeared to depend on the cable insulation material. The results showed that for thermoset insulated cables, the instrument reading tended to drift and fluctuate, while the thermoplastic insulated cables, the instrument reading fell off-scale rapidly. From an operational point of view, the latter failure characteristics would likely be identified as a failure from the effects of fire, while the former may result in inaccurate readings.« less

Measurement and Analysis of a Ferroelectric Field-Effect Transistor NAND Gate

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Phillips, Thomas A.; MacLeond, Todd C.; Sayyah, Rana; Ho, Fat Duen

2009-01-01

Previous research investigated expanding the use of Ferroelectric Field-Effect Transistors (FFET) to other electronic devices beyond memory circuits. Ferroelectric based transistors possess unique characteris tics that give them interesting and useful properties in digital logic circuits. The NAND gate was chosen for investigation as it is one of the fundamental building blocks of digital electronic circuits. In t his paper, NAND gate circuits were constructed utilizing individual F FETs. N-channel FFETs with positive polarization were used for the standard CMOS NAND gate n-channel transistors and n-channel FFETs with n egative polarization were used for the standard CMOS NAND gate p-chan nel transistors. The voltage transfer curves were obtained for the NA ND gate. Comparisons were made between the actual device data and the previous modeled data. These results are compared to standard MOS logic circuits. The circuits analyzed are not intended to be fully opera tional circuits that would interface with existing logic circuits, bu t as a research tool to look into the possibility of using ferroelectric transistors in future logic circuits. Possible applications for th ese devices are presented, and their potential benefits and drawbacks are discussed.

50th Annual Fuze Conference.Session 3 and 4

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-05-11

Exploding Foil Initiator Research • Research on Explosives • Conclusion Wim Prinse Research Scientist3 TNO has organised...Research Scientist6 Exploding Foil Initiator Research • Electrical circuit • Exploding foil • Velocity of the flyer • Driver Explosive • Secondary...90% efficiency of energy deposited in the exploding foil (50 % other circuits) Wim Prinse Research Scientist8 Exploding foil • Dimension of the foil

RADC SCAT automated sneak circuit analysis tool

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Depalma, Edward L.

The sneak circuit analysis tool (SCAT) provides a PC-based system for real-time identification (during the design phase) of sneak paths and design concerns. The tool utilizes an expert system shell to assist the analyst so that prior experience with sneak analysis is not necessary for performance. Both sneak circuits and design concerns are targeted by this tool, with both digital and analog circuits being examined. SCAT focuses the analysis at the assembly level, rather than the entire system, so that most sneak problems can be identified and corrected by the responsible design engineer in a timely manner. The SCAT program identifies the sneak circuits to the designer, who then decides what course of action is necessary.

A new LTPS TFT AC pixel circuit for an AMOLED

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yongwen, Zhang; Wenbin, Chen

2013-01-01

This work presents a new voltage programmed pixel circuit for an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display. The proposed pixel circuit consists of six low temperature polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (LTPS TFTs), one storage capacitor, and one OLED, and is verified by simulation work using HSPICE software. Besides effectively compensating for the threshold voltage variation of the driving TFT and OLED, the proposed pixel circuit offers an AC driving mode for the OLED, which can suppress the degradation of the OLED. Moreover, a high contrast ratio can be achieved by the proposed pixel circuit since the OLED does not emit any light except for the emission period.

Researchers Find Essential Brain Circuit in Visual Development

MedlinePlus

... Release Monday, August 26, 2013 Researchers find essential brain circuit in visual development NIH-funded study could ... shows the connections from the eyes to the brain in a mouse. The right image shows the ...

Simple circuit for pacing hearts of experimental animals.

PubMed

Freeman, G L; Colston, J T

1992-06-01

In this paper we describe a simple pacing circuit which can be used to drive the heart over a wide range of rates. The circuit is an astable multivibrator, based on an LM555 integrated circuit. It is powered by a 9-V battery and is small enough for use in rabbits. The circuit is easily constructed and inexpensive, making it attractive for numerous applications in cardiovascular research.

Automated Design of Quantum Circuits

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Williams, Colin P.; Gray, Alexander G.

2000-01-01

In order to design a quantum circuit that performs a desired quantum computation, it is necessary to find a decomposition of the unitary matrix that represents that computation in terms of a sequence of quantum gate operations. To date, such designs have either been found by hand or by exhaustive enumeration of all possible circuit topologies. In this paper we propose an automated approach to quantum circuit design using search heuristics based on principles abstracted from evolutionary genetics, i.e. using a genetic programming algorithm adapted specially for this problem. We demonstrate the method on the task of discovering quantum circuit designs for quantum teleportation. We show that to find a given known circuit design (one which was hand-crafted by a human), the method considers roughly an order of magnitude fewer designs than naive enumeration. In addition, the method finds novel circuit designs superior to those previously known.

Ultra-Wideband Harmonic Radar for Locating Radio-Frequency Electronics

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-03-01

13  Fig. A-1 Measured S-parameters for the MiniCircuits SLP ...MiniCircuits SLP -1000+ lowpass filters. The relatively weak signal at f0 is increased by 40 dB by the Amplifier Research AR4W1000 power amplifier. The...Fig. A-1 Measured S-parameters for the MiniCircuits SLP -1000+ lowpass filter pair Fig. A-2 Measured S-parameters for the Amplifier Research

Impact of VLSI/VHSIC on satellite on-board signal processing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aanstoos, J. V.; Ruedger, W. H.; Snyder, W. E.; Kelly, W. L.

Forecasted improvements in IC fabrication techniques, such as the use of X-ray lithography, are expected to yield submicron circuit feature sizes within the decade of the 1980s. As dimensions decrease, reliability, cost, speed, power consumption and density improvements will be realized which have a significant impact on the capabilities of onboard spacecraft signal processing functions. This will in turn result in increases of the intelligence that may be deployed on spaceborne remote sensing platforms. Among programs oriented toward such goals are the silicon-based Very High Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) researches sponsored by the U.S. Department of Defense, and efforts toward the development of GaAs devices which will compete with silicon VLSI technology for future applications. GaAs has an electron mobility which is five to six times that of silicon, and promises commensurate computation speed increases under low field conditions.

Development and testing of a 180-volt dc electronic circuit breaker with a 335-ampere carry and 1200-ampere interrupt rating

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brush, A. S.; Phillips, R. L.

1991-01-01

NASA Lewis Research Center and associated contractors have conducted a program to assess the potential requirements for a high-current switch to conceptually design a switch using the best existing technology, and to build and demonstrate a breadboard which meets the requirements. The result is the high current remote bus isolator (HRBI). The HRBI is rated at 180 V dc, 335 A continuous with a 1200 A interrupt rating. It also incorporates remote-control and protective features called for by the Space Station Freedom PMAD dc test bed design. Two breadboard 335 A circuit breakers were built and tested that demonstrate a promising concept of paralleled current-limiting modules. The units incorporated all control and protective features required by advanced aerospace power systems. Component stresses in each unit were determined by design, and are consistent with a life of many thousands of fault operations.

Artwork Interactive Design System (AIDS) program description

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Johnson, B. T.; Taylor, J. F.

1976-01-01

An artwork interactive design system is described which provides the microelectronic circuit designer/engineer a tool to perform circuit design, automatic layout modification, standard cell design, and artwork verification at a graphics computer terminal using a graphics tablet at the designer/computer interface.

75 FR 60863 - Safety Advisory 2010-02

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-01

... equipped, railroads should ensure that the circuit plan shows the actual interconnection and the designed... detection device (or equivalent) is programmed or equipped to provide the appropriate designed pre-emption... circuit and as designed. By conducting comprehensive periodic joint inspections, the railroad and State...

A set-associative, fault-tolerant cache design

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lamet, Dan; Frenzel, James F.

1992-01-01

The design of a defect-tolerant control circuit for a set-associative cache memory is presented. The circuit maintains the stack ordering necessary for implementing the Least Recently Used (LRU) replacement algorithm. A discussion of programming techniques for bypassing defective blocks is included.

Capitalizing on Community: the Small College Environment and the Development of Researchers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stoneking, M. R.

2014-03-01

Liberal arts colleges constitute an important source of and training ground for future scientists. At Lawrence University, we take advantage of our small college environment to prepare physics students for research careers by complementing content acquisition with skill development and project experience distributed throughout the curriculum and with co-curricular elements that are tied to our close-knit supportive physics community. Small classes and frequent contact between physics majors and faculty members offer opportunities for regular and detailed feedback on the development of research relevant skills such as laboratory record-keeping, data analysis, electronic circuit design, computational programming, experimental design and modification, and scientific communication. Part of our approach is to balance collaborative group work on small projects (such as Arduino-based electronics projects and optical design challenges) with independent work (on, for example, advanced laboratory experimental extensions and senior capstone projects). Communal spaces and specialized facilities (experimental and computational) and active on-campus research programs attract eager students to the program, establish a community-based atmosphere, provide unique opportunities for the development of research aptitude, and offer opportunities for genuine contribution to a research program. Recently, we have also been encouraging innovativetendencies in physics majors through intentional efforts to develop personal characteristics, encouraging students to become more tolerant of ambiguity, risk-taking, initiative-seeking, and articulate. Indicators of the success of our approach include the roughly ten physics majors who graduate each year and our program's high ranking among institutions whose graduates go on to receive the Ph.D. in physics. Work supported in part by the National Science Foundation.

Understanding Biological Regulation Through Synthetic Biology.

PubMed

Bashor, Caleb J; Collins, James J

2018-05-20

Engineering synthetic gene regulatory circuits proceeds through iterative cycles of design, building, and testing. Initial circuit designs must rely on often-incomplete models of regulation established by fields of reductive inquiry-biochemistry and molecular and systems biology. As differences in designed and experimentally observed circuit behavior are inevitably encountered, investigated, and resolved, each turn of the engineering cycle can force a resynthesis in understanding of natural network function. Here, we outline research that uses the process of gene circuit engineering to advance biological discovery. Synthetic gene circuit engineering research has not only refined our understanding of cellular regulation but furnished biologists with a toolkit that can be directed at natural systems to exact precision manipulation of network structure. As we discuss, using circuit engineering to predictively reorganize, rewire, and reconstruct cellular regulation serves as the ultimate means of testing and understanding how cellular phenotype emerges from systems-level network function.

High-Speed Integrated Circuits for Military Applications.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-11-01

1.5 pm circuits at the present time. " Market economics do not justify these circuits in the time frame of the VHSI program." See also Ref. 9. 7 per...on microprocessors currently in production, but the huge commercial market that is thought to exist for these devices when they can at last be...Subsection I, below). The single-chip microprocessor dominates the commercial market and those military applications for which their through- put is

Hybrid Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics: Coupling a Single Silicon Spin Qubit to a Photon

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-01-01

HYBRID CIRCUIT QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS: COUPLING A SINGLE SILICON SPIN QUBIT TO A PHOTON PRINCETON UNIVERSITY JANUARY 2015 FINAL...SILICON SPIN QUBIT TO A PHOTON 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER FA8750-12-2-0296 5b. GRANT NUMBER N/A 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) Jason R. Petta...architectures. 15. SUBJECT TERMS Quantum Computing, Quantum Hybrid Circuits, Quantum Electrodynamics, Coupling a Single Silicon Spin Qubit to a Photon

Concrete resource analysis of the quantum linear-system algorithm used to compute the electromagnetic scattering cross section of a 2D target

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Scherer, Artur; Valiron, Benoît; Mau, Siun-Chuon; Alexander, Scott; van den Berg, Eric; Chapuran, Thomas E.

2017-03-01

We provide a detailed estimate for the logical resource requirements of the quantum linear-system algorithm (Harrow et al. in Phys Rev Lett 103:150502, 2009) including the recently described elaborations and application to computing the electromagnetic scattering cross section of a metallic target (Clader et al. in Phys Rev Lett 110:250504, 2013). Our resource estimates are based on the standard quantum-circuit model of quantum computation; they comprise circuit width (related to parallelism), circuit depth (total number of steps), the number of qubits and ancilla qubits employed, and the overall number of elementary quantum gate operations as well as more specific gate counts for each elementary fault-tolerant gate from the standard set { X, Y, Z, H, S, T, { CNOT } }. In order to perform these estimates, we used an approach that combines manual analysis with automated estimates generated via the Quipper quantum programming language and compiler. Our estimates pertain to the explicit example problem size N=332{,}020{,}680 beyond which, according to a crude big-O complexity comparison, the quantum linear-system algorithm is expected to run faster than the best known classical linear-system solving algorithm. For this problem size, a desired calculation accuracy ɛ =0.01 requires an approximate circuit width 340 and circuit depth of order 10^{25} if oracle costs are excluded, and a circuit width and circuit depth of order 10^8 and 10^{29}, respectively, if the resource requirements of oracles are included, indicating that the commonly ignored oracle resources are considerable. In addition to providing detailed logical resource estimates, it is also the purpose of this paper to demonstrate explicitly (using a fine-grained approach rather than relying on coarse big-O asymptotic approximations) how these impressively large numbers arise with an actual circuit implementation of a quantum algorithm. While our estimates may prove to be conservative as more efficient advanced quantum-computation techniques are developed, they nevertheless provide a valid baseline for research targeting a reduction of the algorithmic-level resource requirements, implying that a reduction by many orders of magnitude is necessary for the algorithm to become practical.

Optogenetics in preclinical neuroscience and psychiatry research: recent insights and potential applications.

PubMed

McDevitt, Ross A; Reed, Sean J; Britt, Jonathan P

2014-01-01

There have been significant advances in the treatment of psychiatric disease in the last half century, but it is still unclear which neural circuits are ultimately responsible for specific disease states. Fortunately, technical limitations that have constrained this research have recently been mitigated by advances in research tools that facilitate circuit-based analyses. The most prominent of these tools is optogenetics, which refers to the use of genetically encoded, light-sensitive proteins that can be used to manipulate discrete neural circuits with temporal precision. Optogenetics has recently been used to examine the neural underpinnings of both psychiatric disease and symptom relief, and this research has rapidly identified novel therapeutic targets for what could be a new generation of rational drug development. As these and related methodologies for controlling neurons ultimately make their way into the clinic, circuit-based strategies for alleviating psychiatric symptoms could become a remarkably refined approach to disease treatment.

Selection of wires and circuit protective devices for STS Orbiter vehicle payload electrical circuits

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gaston, Darilyn M.

1991-01-01

Electrical designers of Orbiter payloads face the challenge of determining proper circuit protection/wire size parameters to satisfy Orbiter engineering and safety requirements. This document is the result of a program undertaken to review test data from all available aerospace sources and perform additional testing to eliminate extrapolation errors. The resulting compilation of data was used to develop guidelines for the selection of wire sizes and circuit protection ratings. The purpose is to provide guidance to the engineering to ensure a design which meets Orbiter standards and which should be applicable to any aerospace design.

Educational-research laboratory "electric circuits" on the base of digital technologies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koroteyev, V. I.; Florentsev, V. V.; Florentseva, N. I.

2017-01-01

The problem of research activity of trainees' activation in the educational-research laboratory "Electric Circuits" using innovative methodological solutions and digital technologies is considered. The main task is in creation of the unified experimental research information-educational environment "Electrical Engineering". The problems arising during the developing and application of the modern software and hardware, experimental and research stands and digital control and measuring systems are presented. This paper presents the main stages of development and creation of educational-research laboratory "Electrical Circuits" at the Department of Electrical Engineering of NRNU MEPhI. The authors also consider the analogues of the described research complex offered by various educational institutions and companies. The analysis of their strengths and weaknesses, on which the advantages of the proposed solution are based, is held.

Developmental programming of hypothalamic neuronal circuits: impact on energy balance control

PubMed Central

Gali Ramamoorthy, Thanuja; Begum, Ghazala; Harno, Erika; White, Anne

2015-01-01

The prevalence of obesity in adults and children has increased globally at an alarming rate. Mounting evidence from both epidemiological studies and animal models indicates that adult obesity and associated metabolic disorders can be programmed by intrauterine and early postnatal environment- a phenomenon known as “fetal programming of adult disease.” Data from nutritional intervention studies in animals including maternal under- and over-nutrition support the developmental origins of obesity and metabolic syndrome. The hypothalamic neuronal circuits located in the arcuate nucleus controlling appetite and energy expenditure are set early in life and are perturbed by maternal nutritional insults. In this review, we focus on the effects of maternal nutrition in programming permanent changes in these hypothalamic circuits, with experimental evidence from animal models of maternal under- and over-nutrition. We discuss the epigenetic modifications which regulate hypothalamic gene expression as potential molecular mechanisms linking maternal diet during pregnancy to the offspring's risk of obesity at a later age. Understanding these mechanisms in key metabolic genes may provide insights into the development of preventative intervention strategies. PMID:25954145

LCRE and SNAP 50-DR-1 programs. Engineering progress report, October 1, 1962--December 31, 1962

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

Declassified 5 Sep 1973. Information is presented concerning LCRE specifications, reactor kinetics, fuel elements, primary coolant circuit, secondary coolant circuit, materials development, and fabrication; and SNAP50-DR- 1 specifications, primary pump, and materials development. (DCC)

A Step Circuit Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herman, Susan

1995-01-01

Aerobics instructors can use step aerobics to motivate students. One creative method is to add the step to the circuit workout. By incorporating the step, aerobic instructors can accommodate various fitness levels. The article explains necessary equipment and procedures, describing sample stations for cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength,…

Standardized Curriculum for Electrician.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mississippi State Dept. of Education, Jackson. Office of Vocational, Technical and Adult Education.

Standardized curricula are provided for two courses for the secondary vocational education program in Mississippi: electrician I and II. The 11 units in electrician I are as follows: orientation; safety; tools, equipment, materials/supplies; basic principles and theory; DC circuits; AC circuits; blueprints and load calculations; load centers and…

Electronics Book III.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Dennis; And Others

This manual, the third of three curriculum guides for an electronics course, is intended for use in a program combining vocational English as a second language (VESL) with bilingual vocational education. Ten units cover AC fundamentals, circuit protection devices, low voltage circuits, communication systems, graphic illustrations, house wiring,…

PCSIM: A Parallel Simulation Environment for Neural Circuits Fully Integrated with Python

PubMed Central

Pecevski, Dejan; Natschläger, Thomas; Schuch, Klaus

2008-01-01

The Parallel Circuit SIMulator (PCSIM) is a software package for simulation of neural circuits. It is primarily designed for distributed simulation of large scale networks of spiking point neurons. Although its computational core is written in C++, PCSIM's primary interface is implemented in the Python programming language, which is a powerful programming environment and allows the user to easily integrate the neural circuit simulator with data analysis and visualization tools to manage the full neural modeling life cycle. The main focus of this paper is to describe PCSIM's full integration into Python and the benefits thereof. In particular we will investigate how the automatically generated bidirectional interface and PCSIM's object-oriented modular framework enable the user to adopt a hybrid modeling approach: using and extending PCSIM's functionality either employing pure Python or C++ and thus combining the advantages of both worlds. Furthermore, we describe several supplementary PCSIM packages written in pure Python and tailored towards setting up and analyzing neural simulations. PMID:19543450

FY2016 Advanced Batteries R&D Annual Progress Report - Part 5 of 5

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None, None

The Advanced Batteries research and development (R&D) subprogram within the DOE Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO) provides support and guidance for projects focusing on batteries for plug-in electric vehicles. Program targets focus on overcoming technical barriers to enable market success including: (1) significantly reducing battery cost, (2) increasing battery performance (power, energy, durability), (3) reducing battery weight & volume, and (4) increasing battery tolerance to abusive conditions such as short circuit, overcharge, and crush. This report describes the progress made on the research and development projects funded by the Battery subprogram in 2016. This section cover Advanced Battery Materials Research (BMR)more » part 2, Battery500 Innovation Centers project summaries, and appendices.« less

Computer aided design of monolithic microwave and millimeter wave integrated circuits and subsystems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ku, Walter H.; Gang, Guan-Wan; He, J. Q.; Ichitsubo, I.

1988-05-01

This final technical report presents results on the computer aided design of monolithic microwave and millimeter wave integrated circuits and subsystems. New results include analytical and computer aided device models of GaAs MESFETs and HEMTs or MODFETs, new synthesis techniques for monolithic feedback and distributed amplifiers and a new nonlinear CAD program for MIMIC called CADNON. This program incorporates the new MESFET and HEMT model and has been successfully applied to the design of monolithic millimeter-wave mixers.

Finite element modelling of non-linear magnetic circuits using Cosmic NASTRAN

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sheerer, T. J.

1986-01-01

The general purpose Finite Element Program COSMIC NASTRAN currently has the ability to model magnetic circuits with constant permeablilities. An approach was developed which, through small modifications to the program, allows modelling of non-linear magnetic devices including soft magnetic materials, permanent magnets and coils. Use of the NASTRAN code resulted in output which can be used for subsequent mechanical analysis using a variation of the same computer model. Test problems were found to produce theoretically verifiable results.

Application of GA package in functional packaging

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Belousova, D. A.; Noskova, E. E.; Kapulin, D. V.

2018-05-01

The approach to application program for the task of configuration of the elements of the commutation circuit for design of the radio-electronic equipment on the basis of the genetic algorithm is offered. The efficiency of the used approach for commutation circuits with different characteristics for computer-aided design on radio-electronic manufacturing is shown. The prototype of the computer-aided design subsystem on the basis of a package GA for R with a set of the general functions for optimization of multivariate models is programmed.

Basic guidelines to introduce electric circuit simulation software in a general physics course

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moya, A. A.

2018-05-01

The introduction of electric circuit simulation software for undergraduate students in a general physics course is proposed in order to contribute to the constructive learning of electric circuit theory. This work focuses on the lab exercises based on dc, transient and ac analysis in electric circuits found in introductory physics courses, and shows how students can use the simulation software to do simple activities associated with a lab exercise itself and with related topics. By introducing electric circuit simulation programs in a general physics course as a brief activitiy complementing lab exercise, students develop basic skills in using simulation software, improve their knowledge on the topology of electric circuits and perceive that the technology contributes to their learning, all without reducing the time spent on the actual content of the course.

Silicon-graphene photonic devices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yin, Yanlong; Li, Jiang; Xu, Yang; Tsang, Hon Ki; Dai, Daoxin

2018-06-01

Silicon photonics has attracted much attention because of the advantages of CMOS (complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor) compatibility, ultra-high integrated density, etc. Great progress has been achieved in the past decades. However, it is still not easy to realize active silicon photonic devices and circuits by utilizing the material system of pure silicon due to the limitation of the intrinsic properties of silicon. Graphene has been regarded as a promising material for optoelectronics due to its unique properties and thus provides a potential option for realizing active photonic integrated devices on silicon. In this paper, we present a review on recent progress of some silicon-graphene photonic devices for photodetection, all-optical modulation, as well as thermal-tuning. Project supported by the National Major Research and Development Program (No. 2016YFB0402502), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11374263, 61422510, 61431166001, 61474099, 61674127), and the National Key Research and Development Program (No. 2016YFA0200200).

Final Report for the project titled "Enabling Supernova Computations by Integrated Transport and Provisioning Methods Optimized for Dedicated Channels"

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Malathi Veeraraghavan

2007-10-31

A high-speed optical circuit network is one that offers users rate-guaranteed connectivity between two endpoints, unlike today’s IP-routed Internet in which the rate available to a pair of users fluctuates based on the volume of competing traffic. This particular research project advanced our understanding of circuit networks in two ways. First, transport protocols were developed for circuit networks. In a circuit network, since bandwidth resources are reserved for each circuit on an end-to-end basis (much like how a person reserves a seat on every leg of a multi-segment flight), and the sender is limited to send at the rate ofmore » the circuit, there is no possibility of congestion during data transfer. Therefore, no congestion control functions are necessary in a transport protocol designed for circuits. However, error control and flow control are still required because bits can become errored due to noise and interference even on highly reliable optical links, and receivers can, due to multitasking or other reasons, not deplete the receive buffer fast enough to keep up with the sending rate (e.g., if the receiving host is multitasking between receiving a file transfer and some other computation). In this work, we developed two transport protocols for circuits, both of which are described below. Second, this project developed techniques for internetworking different types of connection-oriented networks, which are of two types: circuit-switched or packet-switched. In circuit-switched networks, multiplexing on links is “position based,” where “position” refers to the frequency, time slot, and port (fiber), while connection-oriented packet-switched networks use packet header information to demultiplex packets and switch them from node to node. The latter are commonly referred to as virtual circuit networks. Examples of circuit networks are time-division multiplexed Synchronous Optical Network/Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SONET/SDH) and Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) networks, while examples of virtual-circuit networks are MultiProtocol Label Switched (MPLS) networks and Ethernet Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) networks. A series of new technologies have been developed to carry Ethernet VLAN tagged frames on SONET/SDH and WDM networks, such as Generic Framing Procedure (GFP) and ITU G.709, respectively. These technologies form the basis of our solution for connection-oriented internetworking. The benefit of developing such an architecture is that it allows different providers to choose different connection-oriented networking technologies for their networks, and yet be able to allow their customers to connect to those of other providers. As Metcalfe, the inventor of Ethernet, noted, the value of a network service grows exponentially with the number of endpoints to which any single endpoint can connect. Therefore internetworking solutions are key to commercial success. The technical effectiveness of our solutions was measured with proof-of-concept prototypes and experiments. These solutions were shown to be highly effective. Economic feasibility requires business case analyses that were beyond the scope of this project. The project results are beneficial to the public as they demonstrate the viability of simultaneously supporting different types of networks and data communication services much like the variety of services available for the transportation of people and goods. For example, Fedex service offers a deadline based delivery while the USPS offers basic package delivery service. Similarly, a circuit network can offer a deadline based delivery of a data file while the IP-routed network offers only basic delivery service with no guarantees. Two project Web sites, 13 publications, 7 software programs, 21 presentations resulted from this work. This report provides the complete list of publications, software programs and presentations. As for student education and training (human resources), this DOE project, along with an NSF project, jointly supported two postdoctoral fellowships, three PhDs, three Masters, and two undergraduate students. Specifically, two of the Masters students were directly funded on this DOE project.« less

Nucleic acids for the rational design of reaction circuits.

PubMed

Padirac, Adrien; Fujii, Teruo; Rondelez, Yannick

2013-08-01

Nucleic acid-based circuits are rationally designed in vitro assemblies that can perform complex preencoded programs. They can be used to mimic in silico computations. Recent works emphasized the modularity and robustness of these circuits, which allow their scaling-up. Another new development has led to dynamic, time-responsive systems that can display emergent behaviors like oscillations. These are closely related to biological architectures and provide an in vitro model of in vivo information processing. Nucleic acid circuits have already been used to handle various processes for technological or biotechnological purposes. Future applications of these chemical smart systems will benefit from the rapidly growing ability to design, construct, and model nucleic acid circuits of increasing size. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Modeling of a Metal-Ferroelectric-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor NAND Gate

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Phillips, Thomas A.; MacLeod, Todd C.; Ho, Fat Duen

2005-01-01

Considerable research has been performed by several organizations in the use of the Metal- Ferroelectric-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MFSFET) in memory circuits. However, research has been limited in expanding the use of the MFSFET to other electronic circuits. This research project investigates the modeling of a NAND gate constructed from MFSFETs. The NAND gate is one of the fundamental building blocks of digital electronic circuits. The first step in forming a NAND gate is to develop an inverter circuit. The inverter circuit was modeled similar to a standard CMOS inverter. A n-channel MFSFET with positive polarization was used for the n-channel transistor, and a n-channel MFSFET with negative polarization was used for the p-channel transistor. The MFSFETs were simulated by using a previously developed current model which utilized a partitioned ferroelectric layer. The inverter voltage transfer curve was obtained over a standard input of zero to five volts. Then a 2-input NAND gate was modeled similar to the inverter circuit. Voltage transfer curves were obtained for the NAND gate for various configurations of input voltages. The resultant data shows that it is feasible to construct a NAND gate with MFSFET transistors.

Automatic Design of Synthetic Gene Circuits through Mixed Integer Non-linear Programming

PubMed Central

Huynh, Linh; Kececioglu, John; Köppe, Matthias; Tagkopoulos, Ilias

2012-01-01

Automatic design of synthetic gene circuits poses a significant challenge to synthetic biology, primarily due to the complexity of biological systems, and the lack of rigorous optimization methods that can cope with the combinatorial explosion as the number of biological parts increases. Current optimization methods for synthetic gene design rely on heuristic algorithms that are usually not deterministic, deliver sub-optimal solutions, and provide no guaranties on convergence or error bounds. Here, we introduce an optimization framework for the problem of part selection in synthetic gene circuits that is based on mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP), which is a deterministic method that finds the globally optimal solution and guarantees convergence in finite time. Given a synthetic gene circuit, a library of characterized parts, and user-defined constraints, our method can find the optimal selection of parts that satisfy the constraints and best approximates the objective function given by the user. We evaluated the proposed method in the design of three synthetic circuits (a toggle switch, a transcriptional cascade, and a band detector), with both experimentally constructed and synthetic promoter libraries. Scalability and robustness analysis shows that the proposed framework scales well with the library size and the solution space. The work described here is a step towards a unifying, realistic framework for the automated design of biological circuits. PMID:22536398

50th Annual Fuze Conference Sessions 3 and 4 Held in Norfolk, Virginia on May 9-11, 2006

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-05-11

Exploding Foil Initiator Research • Research on Explosives • Conclusion Wim Prinse Research Scientist3 TNO has organised...Research Scientist6 Exploding Foil Initiator Research • Electrical circuit • Exploding foil • Velocity of the flyer • Driver Explosive • Secondary...90% efficiency of energy deposited in the exploding foil (50 % other circuits) Wim Prinse Research Scientist8 Exploding foil • Dimension of the foil

New Circuits or Short Circuits?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McLaughlin, Frank

1967-01-01

Schools must refuse to contribute to this age of "information overload" and, through an interdisciplinary approach, assist students to become receptive to humane feelings and to understand the complexities of a culture. To these ends, educators must "re-program" the entire educational system by relinquishing their attachment to their own…

An ADC Interface for the Apple II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leiker, P. Steven

1990-01-01

Described is the construction of a simple analog-to-digital convertor circuit to interface an Apple II+ microcomputer to a light sensor used in conjunction with a holographic gear inspector. A list of parts, circuit diagram, and a simple BASIC program for the convertor are provided. (CW)

A New SAS program for behavioral analysis of electrical penetration graph data

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Monitoring feeding behaviors of insects whose piercing-sucking mouthparts are inserted into plant tissue is done by making the insect part of an electronic circuit, using electropenetrography (EPG). Fluctuating voltage signals in the circuit are graphed, and resulting waveforms are interpreted as sp...

Rotor instrumentation circuits for the Sandia 34-meter vertical axis wind turbine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sutherland, Herbert J.; Stephenson, William A.

1988-07-01

Sandia National Laboratories has erected a research oriented, 34-meter diameter, Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine near Bushland, Texas, which has been designated the Sandia 34-m VAWT Test Bed. To meet present and future research needs, the machine was equipped with a large array of sensors. This manuscript details the sensors initially placed on the rotor, their respective instrumentation circuits, and the provisions incorporated into the design of the rotor instrumentation circuits for future research. This manuscript was written as a reference manual for the rotor instrumentation of the Test Bed.

Dismantling the nuclear research reactor Thetis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Michiels, P.

The research reactor Thetis, in service since 1967 and stopped in 2003, is part of the laboratories of the institution of nuclear science of the University of Ghent. The reactor, of the pool-type, was used as a neutron-source for the production of radio-isotopes and for activation analyses. The reactor is situated in a water pool with inner diameter of 3 m. and a depth of 7.5 m. The reactor core is situated 5.3 m under water level. Besides the reactor, the pool contains pneumatic loops, handling tools, graphite blocks for neutron moderation and other experimental equipment. The building houses storagemore » rooms for fissile material and sources, a pneumatic circuit for transportation of samples, primary and secondary cooling circuits, water cleaning resin circuits, a ventilation system and other necessary devices. Because of the experimental character of the reactor, laboratories with glove boxes and other tools were needed and are included in the dismantling program. The building is in 3 levels with a crawl-space. The ground-floor contains the ventilation installation, the purification circuits with tanks, cooling circuits and pneumatic transport system. On the first floor, around the reactor hall, the control-room, visiting area, end-station for pneumatic transport, waste-storage room, fuel storage room and the labs are located. The second floor contains a few laboratories and end stations of the two high speed transfer tubes. The lowest level of the pool is situated under ground level. The reactor has been operated at a power of 150 kW and had a max operating power of 250 kW. Belgoprocess has been selected to decommission the reactor, the labs, storage halls and associated circuits to free release the building for conventional reuse and for the removal of all its internals as legal defined. Besides the dose-rate risk and contamination risk, there is also an asbestos risk of contamination. During construction of the installation, asbestos-containing materials were used, which must be removed in controlled conditions. The ventilation system is considered free from nuclear contamination but it contains asbestos. This paper covers the organization of the dismantling work, the technical execution aspect and conclusions already known (dismantling is ongoing as this is written). (authors)« less

Analysis of a space emergency ammonia dump using the FLOW-NET two-phase flow program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Navickas, J.; Rivard, W. C.

1992-01-01

Venting of cryogenic and non-cryogenic fluids to a vacuum or a very low pressure will take place in many space-based systems that are currently being designed. This may cause liquid freezing either internally within the flow circuit or on external spacecraft surfaces. Typical ammonia flow circuits were investigated to determine the effect of the geometric configuration and initial temperature, pressure, and void fraction on the freezing characteristics of the system. The analysis was conducted also to investigate the ranges of applicability of the FLOW-NET program. It was shown that a typical system can be vented to very low liquid fractions before freezing occurs. However, very small restrictions in the flow circuit can hasten the inception of freezing. The FLOW-NET program provided solutions over broad ranges of system conditions, such as venting of an ammonia tank, initially completely filled with liquid, through a series of contracting and expanding line cross sections to near-vacuum conditions.

Study program to improve the open-circuit voltage of low resistivity single crystal silicon solar cells

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Minnucci, J. A.; Matthei, K. W.

1980-01-01

The results of a 14 month program to improve the open circuit voltage of low resistivity silicon solar cells are described. The approach was based on ion implantation in 0.1- to 10.0-ohm-cm float-zone silicon. As a result of the contract effort, open circuit voltages as high as 645 mV (AMO 25 C) were attained by high dose phosphorus implantation followed by furnace annealing and simultaneous SiO2 growth. One key element was to investigate the effects of bandgap narrowing caused by high doping concentrations in the junction layer. Considerable effort was applied to optimization of implant parameters, selection of furnace annealing techniques, and utilization of pulsed electron beam annealing to minimize thermal process-induced defects in the completed solar cells.

Development of internal/external short circuit protection for lithium D cells

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcdonald, Robert C.; Bragg, Bobby J.

1992-01-01

A brief discussion of short circuit protection for lithium D cells is given in viewgraph format. The following topics are presented: (1) historical need; (2) program objectives; (3) composite thermal switch (CTS) development; (4) laboratory cells with CTS; and (5) the incorporation of CTS into lithium D cells.

Capacitance discharge system for ignition of Single Bridge Apollo Standard Initiators (SBASI)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ward, R. D.

1974-01-01

The design support data developed during the single bridge Apollo standard initiator (SBASI) program are presented. A circuit was designed and bread-board tested to verify operational capabilities of the circuit. Test data, design criteria, weight, and reliability trade-off considerations, and final design recommendations are reported.

Closed-Circuit Educational Television (ITFS) in Northeastern California: The 33,000 Square Mile Campus.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meuter, Ralph F.; And Others

This paper describes the Instructional Television Fixed Service (ITFS) program, a closed-circuit educational television system in which classes originating on the California State University, Chico (CSUC) campus are simultaneously broadcast live to various ITFS sites within Northeastern California. Following an introduction, the first section…

Circuit Riding: A Method for Providing Reference Services.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Plunket, Linda; And Others

1983-01-01

Discussion of the design and implementation of the Circuit Rider Librarian Program, a shared services project for delivering reference services to eight hospitals in Maine, includes a cost analysis of services and description of user evaluation survey. Five references, composite results of the survey, and postgrant options proposal are appended.…

TEACHING ENGINEERING DESIGN, A STUDY OF JOBSHOP.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

ENTWISLE, DORIS R.; HUGGINS, W.H.

THE USE OF A COMPUTER PROGRAM BY ENGINEERING STUDENTS TO SIMULATE A JOB SHOP THAT MANUFACTURES ELECTRONIC DEVICES HAS INDICATED THAT SIMULATION METHODS OFFER REALISTIC ASSISTANCE IN TEACHING. EACH STUDENT IN THE STUDY SUBMITTED SPECIFICATIONS FOR A CIRCUIT DESIGN AND, FROM THE COMPUTER, RECEIVED PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENTS OF THE CIRCUIT WHICH…

BETA: Behavioral testability analyzer and its application to high-level test generation and synthesis for testability. Ph.D. Thesis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chen, Chung-Hsing

1992-01-01

In this thesis, a behavioral-level testability analysis approach is presented. This approach is based on analyzing the circuit behavioral description (similar to a C program) to estimate its testability by identifying controllable and observable circuit nodes. This information can be used by a test generator to gain better access to internal circuit nodes and to reduce its search space. The results of the testability analyzer can also be used to select test points or partial scan flip-flops in the early design phase. Based on selection criteria, a novel Synthesis for Testability approach call Test Statement Insertion (TSI) is proposed, which modifies the circuit behavioral description directly. Test Statement Insertion can also be used to modify circuit structural description to improve its testability. As a result, Synthesis for Testability methodology can be combined with an existing behavioral synthesis tool to produce more testable circuits.

Demultiplexer circuit for neural stimulation

DOEpatents

Wessendorf, Kurt O; Okandan, Murat; Pearson, Sean

2012-10-09

A demultiplexer circuit is disclosed which can be used with a conventional neural stimulator to extend the number of electrodes which can be activated. The demultiplexer circuit, which is formed on a semiconductor substrate containing a power supply that provides all the dc electrical power for operation of the circuit, includes digital latches that receive and store addressing information from the neural stimulator one bit at a time. This addressing information is used to program one or more 1:2.sup.N demultiplexers in the demultiplexer circuit which then route neural stimulation signals from the neural stimulator to an electrode array which is connected to the outputs of the 1:2.sup.N demultiplexer. The demultiplexer circuit allows the number of individual electrodes in the electrode array to be increased by a factor of 2.sup.N with N generally being in a range of 2-4.

Josephson Circuits as Vector Quantum Spins

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Samach, Gabriel; Kerman, Andrew J.

While superconducting circuits based on Josephson junction technology can be engineered to represent spins in the quantum transverse-field Ising model, no circuit architecture to date has succeeded in emulating the vector quantum spin models of interest for next-generation quantum annealers and quantum simulators. Here, we present novel Josephson circuits which may provide these capabilities. We discuss our rigorous quantum-mechanical simulations of these circuits, as well as the larger architectures they may enable. This research was funded by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) and the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA) under Air Force Contract No. FA8721-05-C-0002. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of ODNI, IARPA, or the US Government.

Defense program pushes microchip frontiers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Julian, K.

1985-05-01

The very-high-speed integrated circuit (VHSIC) program of the Department of Defense will have a significant effect on the expansion of integrated circuit technology. This program, which is to cost several hundred million dollars, is accelerating the trend toward higher-speed, denser circuitry for microchips through innovative design and fabrication techniques. Teams in six different American companies are to design and fabricate a military useful 'brassboard' system which would employ chips developed in the first phase of the VHSIC program. Military objectives envisaged include automatic monitoring of displays in tactical aircraft by means of an artificial intelligence system, a brassboard used in airborne electronic warfare system, and antisubmarine warfare applications. After a fivefold improvement in performance achieved in the first phase, the second phase is concerned with a further 20-fold increase. The entire VHSIC program is, therefore, to produce a 100-fold gain over the state of the art found when the program started.

Converging on a core cognitive deficit: the impact of various neurodevelopmental insults on cognitive control

PubMed Central

O'Reilly, Kally C.; Kao, Hsin-Yi; Lee, Heekyung; Fenton, André A.

2014-01-01

Despite substantial effort and immense need, the treatment options for major neuropsychiatric illnesses like schizophrenia are limited and largely ineffective at improving the most debilitating cognitive symptoms that are central to mental illness. These symptoms include cognitive control deficits, the inability to selectively use information that is currently relevant and ignore what is currently irrelevant. Contemporary attempts to accelerate progress are in part founded on an effort to reconceptualize neuropsychiatric illness as a disorder of neural development. This neuro-developmental framework emphasizes abnormal neural circuits on the one hand, and on the other, it suggests there are therapeutic opportunities to exploit the developmental processes of excitatory neuron pruning, inhibitory neuron proliferation, elaboration of myelination, and other circuit refinements that extend through adolescence and into early adulthood. We have crafted a preclinical research program aimed at cognition failures that may be relevant to mental illness. By working with a variety of neurodevelopmental rodent models, we strive to identify a common pathophysiology that underlies cognitive control failure as well as a common strategy for improving cognition in the face of neural circuit abnormalities. Here we review our work to characterize cognitive control deficits in rats with a neonatal ventral hippocampus lesion and rats that were exposed to Methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) in utero. We review our findings as they pertain to early developmental processes, including neurogenesis, as well as the power of cognitive experience to refine neural circuit function within the mature and maturing brain's cognitive circuitry. PMID:24966811

Large-scale neural circuit mapping data analysis accelerated with the graphical processing unit (GPU).

PubMed

Shi, Yulin; Veidenbaum, Alexander V; Nicolau, Alex; Xu, Xiangmin

2015-01-15

Modern neuroscience research demands computing power. Neural circuit mapping studies such as those using laser scanning photostimulation (LSPS) produce large amounts of data and require intensive computation for post hoc processing and analysis. Here we report on the design and implementation of a cost-effective desktop computer system for accelerated experimental data processing with recent GPU computing technology. A new version of Matlab software with GPU enabled functions is used to develop programs that run on Nvidia GPUs to harness their parallel computing power. We evaluated both the central processing unit (CPU) and GPU-enabled computational performance of our system in benchmark testing and practical applications. The experimental results show that the GPU-CPU co-processing of simulated data and actual LSPS experimental data clearly outperformed the multi-core CPU with up to a 22× speedup, depending on computational tasks. Further, we present a comparison of numerical accuracy between GPU and CPU computation to verify the precision of GPU computation. In addition, we show how GPUs can be effectively adapted to improve the performance of commercial image processing software such as Adobe Photoshop. To our best knowledge, this is the first demonstration of GPU application in neural circuit mapping and electrophysiology-based data processing. Together, GPU enabled computation enhances our ability to process large-scale data sets derived from neural circuit mapping studies, allowing for increased processing speeds while retaining data precision. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Large scale neural circuit mapping data analysis accelerated with the graphical processing unit (GPU)

PubMed Central

Shi, Yulin; Veidenbaum, Alexander V.; Nicolau, Alex; Xu, Xiangmin

2014-01-01

Background Modern neuroscience research demands computing power. Neural circuit mapping studies such as those using laser scanning photostimulation (LSPS) produce large amounts of data and require intensive computation for post-hoc processing and analysis. New Method Here we report on the design and implementation of a cost-effective desktop computer system for accelerated experimental data processing with recent GPU computing technology. A new version of Matlab software with GPU enabled functions is used to develop programs that run on Nvidia GPUs to harness their parallel computing power. Results We evaluated both the central processing unit (CPU) and GPU-enabled computational performance of our system in benchmark testing and practical applications. The experimental results show that the GPU-CPU co-processing of simulated data and actual LSPS experimental data clearly outperformed the multi-core CPU with up to a 22x speedup, depending on computational tasks. Further, we present a comparison of numerical accuracy between GPU and CPU computation to verify the precision of GPU computation. In addition, we show how GPUs can be effectively adapted to improve the performance of commercial image processing software such as Adobe Photoshop. Comparison with Existing Method(s) To our best knowledge, this is the first demonstration of GPU application in neural circuit mapping and electrophysiology-based data processing. Conclusions Together, GPU enabled computation enhances our ability to process large-scale data sets derived from neural circuit mapping studies, allowing for increased processing speeds while retaining data precision. PMID:25277633

Computer model of a reverberant and parallel circuit coupling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kalil, Camila de Andrade; de Castro, Maria Clícia Stelling; Cortez, Célia Martins

2017-11-01

The objective of the present study was to deepen the knowledge about the functioning of the neural circuits by implementing a signal transmission model using the Graph Theory in a small network of neurons composed of an interconnected reverberant and parallel circuit, in order to investigate the processing of the signals in each of them and the effects on the output of the network. For this, a program was developed in C language and simulations were done using neurophysiological data obtained in the literature.

Analysis and performance of paralleling circuits for modular inverter-converter systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Birchenough, A. G.; Gourash, F.

1972-01-01

As part of a modular inverter-converter development program, control techniques were developed to provide load sharing among paralleled inverters or converters. An analysis of the requirements of paralleling circuits and a discussion of the circuits developed and their performance are included in this report. The current sharing was within 5.6 percent of rated-load current for the ac modules and 7.4 percent for the dc modules for an initial output voltage unbalance of 5 volts.

A self-powered piezoelectric energy harvesting interface circuit with efficiency-enhanced P-SSHI rectifier

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Lianxi; Pang, Yanbo; Yuan, Wenzhi; Zhu, Zhangming; Yang, Yintang

2018-04-01

The key to self-powered technique is initiative to harvest energy from the surrounding environment. Harvesting energy from an ambient vibration source utilizing piezoelectrics emerged as a popular method. Efficient interface circuits become the main limitations of existing energy harvesting techniques. In this paper, an interface circuit for piezoelectric energy harvesting is presented. An active full bridge rectifier is adopted to improve the power efficiency by reducing the conduction loss on the rectifying path. A parallel synchronized switch harvesting on inductor (P-SSHI) technique is used to improve the power extraction capability from piezoelectric harvester, thereby trying to reach the theoretical maximum output power. An intermittent power management unit (IPMU) and an output capacitor-less low drop regulator (LDO) are also introduced. Active diodes (AD) instead of traditional passive ones are used to reduce the voltage loss over the rectifier, which results in a good power efficiency. The IPMU with hysteresis comparator ensures the interface circuit has a large transient output power by limiting the output voltage ranges from 2.2 to 2 V. The design is fabricated in a SMIC 0.18 μm CMOS technology. Simulation results show that the flipping efficiency of the P-SSHI circuit is over 80% with an off-chip inductor value of 820 μH. The output power the proposed rectifier can obtain is 44.4 μW, which is 6.7× improvement compared to the maximum output power of a traditional rectifier. Both the active diodes and the P-SSHI help to improve the output power of the proposed rectifier. LDO outputs a voltage of 1.8 V with the maximum 90% power efficiency. The proposed P-SSHI rectifier interface circuit can be self-powered without the need for additional power supply. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61574103, U1709218) and the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province (No. 2017ZDXM-GY-006).

Research on rechargeable oxygen electrodes.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Giner, J.; Holleck, G.; Malachesky, P. A.

1970-01-01

A research program is described which consisted of studying the effects of electrode cycling in very pure KOH solutions, with and without controlled additions of impurities, on oxide formation, oxygen evolution kinetics, oxygen reduction kinetics (including hydrogen peroxide formation), and changes in electrode structure. Bright platinum, platinized platinum, and Teflon-bonded platinum black electrodes were studied. Three main problem areas are identified: the buildup of a refractory anodic layer on prolonged cycling, which leads to a degradation of performance; the dissolution and subsequent deposition of dendritic platinum in the separator, leading to short-circuit ing and loss of electrocatalyst; and the disruptive effect of bubbling during gas evolution on charge. Each of these problem areas is analyzed, and remedial solutions are proposed.

History of Circuit Breakers and Expectations of Japanese Original Development

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yoshioka, Yoshio; Yoshinaga, Kiyoshi; Yanabu, Satoru

This paper studies the history of high voltage circuit breaker engineering. Methods of analysis are (1) to collect facts in regard to its development, (2) to review the history in order to find essential factors and (3) to identify its pros and cons from engineering point of view. The amount of electric power consumption has increased and gradually the circuit breaker concept was developed. At first the oil circuit breakers were developed in Europe and the air circuit breaker and vacuum circuit breaker were developed. Finally the SF6gas circuit breakers are developed together with the gas insulated switchgear and what is next? The future research and development policy is also discussed.

Basic Research in Electronics (JSEP) Joint Services Electronics Program.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-12-31

poiNU362Z~ fi5v WALu i~n v.j WSW)F fulmB JELECTROUICS FROMM. (U) POLYTECHNIC UII FAW1406lL WY MEKR RESERCH INST At A OLINEN ET ft. 31 DEC S? UmC...range, as discussed in section 3. The fifth topic relates to a superstrate-substrate structure that permits a simple printed-circuit antenna to radiate...Antennas Loaded by Periodic Metal Strips. In last year’s Annual Report we presented a simple and accurate transverse equivalent network for the class

The Short Circuit Model of Reading.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lueers, Nancy M.

The name "short circuit" has been given to this model because, in many ways, it adequately describes what happens bioelectrically in the brain. The "short-circuiting" factors include linguistic, sociocultural, attitudinal and motivational, neurological, perceptual, and cognitive factors. Research is reviewed on ways in which each one affects any…

QDENSITY—A Mathematica quantum computer simulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Juliá-Díaz, Bruno; Burdis, Joseph M.; Tabakin, Frank

2009-03-01

This Mathematica 6.0 package is a simulation of a Quantum Computer. The program provides a modular, instructive approach for generating the basic elements that make up a quantum circuit. The main emphasis is on using the density matrix, although an approach using state vectors is also implemented in the package. The package commands are defined in Qdensity.m which contains the tools needed in quantum circuits, e.g., multiqubit kets, projectors, gates, etc. New version program summaryProgram title: QDENSITY 2.0 Catalogue identifier: ADXH_v2_0 Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADXH_v2_0.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: Standard CPC licence, http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/licence/licence.html No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 26 055 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 227 540 Distribution format: tar.gz Programming language: Mathematica 6.0 Operating system: Any which supports Mathematica; tested under Microsoft Windows XP, Macintosh OS X, and Linux FC4 Catalogue identifier of previous version: ADXH_v1_0 Journal reference of previous version: Comput. Phys. Comm. 174 (2006) 914 Classification: 4.15 Does the new version supersede the previous version?: Offers an alternative, more up to date, implementation Nature of problem: Analysis and design of quantum circuits, quantum algorithms and quantum clusters. Solution method: A Mathematica package is provided which contains commands to create and analyze quantum circuits. Several Mathematica notebooks containing relevant examples: Teleportation, Shor's Algorithm and Grover's search are explained in detail. A tutorial, Tutorial.nb is also enclosed. Reasons for new version: The package has been updated to make it fully compatible with Mathematica 6.0 Summary of revisions: The package has been updated to make it fully compatible with Mathematica 6.0 Running time: Most examples included in the package, e.g., the tutorial, Shor's examples, Teleportation examples and Grover's search, run in less than a minute on a Pentium 4 processor (2.6 GHz). The running time for a quantum computation depends crucially on the number of qubits employed.

Autonomous power system brassboard

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Merolla, Anthony

1992-01-01

The Autonomous Power System (APS) brassboard is a 20 kHz power distribution system which has been developed at NASA Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. The brassboard exists to provide a realistic hardware platform capable of testing artificially intelligent (AI) software. The brassboard's power circuit topology is based upon a Power Distribution Control Unit (PDCU), which is a subset of an advanced development 20 kHz electrical power system (EPS) testbed, originally designed for Space Station Freedom (SSF). The APS program is designed to demonstrate the application of intelligent software as a fault detection, isolation, and recovery methodology for space power systems. This report discusses both the hardware and software elements used to construct the present configuration of the brassboard. The brassboard power components are described. These include the solid-state switches (herein referred to as switchgear), transformers, sources, and loads. Closely linked to this power portion of the brassboard is the first level of embedded control. Hardware used to implement this control and its associated software is discussed. An Ada software program, developed by Lewis Research Center's Space Station Freedom Directorate for their 20 kHz testbed, is used to control the brassboard's switchgear, as well as monitor key brassboard parameters through sensors located within these switches. The Ada code is downloaded from a PC/AT, and is resident within the 8086 microprocessor-based embedded controllers. The PC/AT is also used for smart terminal emulation, capable of controlling the switchgear as well as displaying data from them. Intelligent control is provided through use of a T1 Explorer and the Autonomous Power Expert (APEX) LISP software. Real-time load scheduling is implemented through use of a 'C' program-based scheduling engine. The methods of communication between these computers and the brassboard are explored. In order to evaluate the features of both the brassboard hardware and intelligent controlling software, fault circuits have been developed and integrated as part of the brassboard. A description of these fault circuits and their function is included. The brassboard has become an extremely useful test facility, promoting artificial intelligence (AI) applications for power distribution systems. However, there are elements of the brassboard which could be enhanced, thus improving system performance. Modifications and enhancements to improve the brassboard's operation are discussed.

Interim reliability-evaluation program: analysis of the Browns Ferry, Unit 1, nuclear plant. Appendix B - system descriptions and fault trees

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mays, S.E.; Poloski, J.P.; Sullivan, W.H.

1982-07-01

This report describes a risk study of the Browns Ferry, Unit 1, nuclear plant. The study is one of four such studies sponsored by the NRC Office of Research, Division of Risk Assessment, as part of its Interim Reliability Evaluation Program (IREP), Phase II. This report is contained in four volumes: a main report and three appendixes. Appendix B provides a description of Browns Ferry, Unit 1, plant systems and the failure evaluation of those systems as they apply to accidents at Browns Ferry. Information is presented concerning front-line system fault analysis; support system fault analysis; human error models andmore » probabilities; and generic control circuit analyses.« less

Study of Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester with non-linear conditioning circuit using an integrated model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Manzoor, Ali; Rafique, Sajid; Usman Iftikhar, Muhammad; Mahmood Ul Hassan, Khalid; Nasir, Ali

2017-08-01

Piezoelectric vibration energy harvester (PVEH) consists of a cantilever bimorph with piezoelectric layers pasted on its top and bottom, which can harvest power from vibrations and feed to low power wireless sensor nodes through some power conditioning circuit. In this paper, a non-linear conditioning circuit, consisting of a full-bridge rectifier followed by a buck-boost converter, is employed to investigate the issues of electrical side of the energy harvesting system. An integrated mathematical model of complete electromechanical system has been developed. Previously, researchers have studied PVEH with sophisticated piezo-beam models but employed simplistic linear circuits, such as resistor, as electrical load. In contrast, other researchers have worked on more complex non-linear circuits but with over-simplified piezo-beam models. Such models neglect different aspects of the system which result from complex interactions of its electrical and mechanical subsystems. In this work, authors have integrated the distributed parameter-based model of piezo-beam presented in literature with a real world non-linear electrical load. Then, the developed integrated model is employed to analyse the stability of complete energy harvesting system. This work provides a more realistic and useful electromechanical model having realistic non-linear electrical load unlike the simplistic linear circuit elements employed by many researchers.

Regulated Capacitor Charging Circuit Using a High Reactance Transformer

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-06-01

REGULATED CAPACITOR CHARGING CIRCUIT USING A HIGH REACTANCE TRANSFORMER1 Diana L. Loree and James P. O’Loughlin Air Force Research Laboratory...Directed Energy Directorate Kirtland Air Force Base, NM 87117-5776 Abstract A high reactance transformer circuit is used to provide for the compact...simple, economic and reliable charging of a capacitor energy store to a predetermined and regulated voltage. The circuit can be operated from a

Research of vibration control based on current mode piezoelectric shunt damping circuit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Weiwei; Mao, Qibo

2017-12-01

The piezoelectric shunt damping circuit using current mode approach is imposed to control the vibration of a cantilever beam. Firstly, the simulated inductance with large values are designed for the corresponding RL series shunt circuits. Moreover, with an example of cantilever beam, the second natural frequency of the beam is targeted to control for experiment. By adjusting the values of the equivalent inductance and equivalent resistance of the shunt circuit, the optimal damping of the shunt circuit is obtained. Meanwhile, the designed piezoelectric shunt damping circuit stability is experimental verified. Experimental results show that the proposed piezoelectric shunt damping circuit based on current mode circuit has good vibration control performance. However, the control performance will be reduced if equivalent inductance and equivalent resistance values deviate from optimal values.

Energy Storage Awards | Transportation Research | NREL

Science.gov Websites

storage team has been recognized with three of these top honors. Battery Internal Short-Circuit Device NREL's patented Battery Internal Short-Circuit (ISC) Device is the only diagnostic tool that makes it affect reactions to internal short circuits and pinpoint related safety issues before batteries are in

AUTOMOTIVE DIESEL MAINTENANCE 2. UNIT IX, AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSIONS--HYDRAULIC SYSTEM (PART I).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Human Engineering Inst., Cleveland, OH.

THIS MODULE OF A 25-MODULE COURSE IS DESIGNED TO DEVELOP AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE OIL FLOW WITHIN HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSIONS USED ON DIESEL POWERED VEHICLES. TOPICS ARE GENERAL DESCRIPTION, HYDRAULIC CIRCUITS, AND BRAKE HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT AND OPERATION. THE MODULE CONSISTS OF A SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAMED TRAINING FILM "LEARNING ABOUT THE ALLISON…

78 FR 21657 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange LLC; Order Approving, on an...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-11

... securities suddenly declining by significant amounts in a very short time period before suddenly reversing to... circuit breaker pilot program, which was implemented through a series of rule filings by the equity exchanges and by FINRA.\\9\\ The single-stock circuit breaker was designed to reduce extraordinary market...

Controlling suspended samplers by programmable calculator and interface circuitry

Treesearch

Rand E. Eads; Mark R. Boolootian

1985-01-01

A programmable calculator connected to an interface circuit can control automatic samplers and record streamflow data. The circuit converts a voltage representing water stage to a digital signal. The sampling program logs streamflow data when there is a predefined deviation from a linear trend in the water elevation. The calculator estimates suspended sediment...

Controlling suspended sediment samplers by programmable calculator and interface circuitry

Treesearch

Rand E. Eads; Mark R. Boolootian

1985-01-01

A programmable calculator connected to an interface circuit can control automatic samplers and record streamflow data. The circuit converts a voltage representing water stage to a digital signal. The sampling program logs streamflow data when there is a predefined deviation from a linear trend in the water elevation. The calculator estimates suspended sediment...

Progress Check Module; Basic Electricity and Electronics Individualized Learning System. Progress Check Booklet.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bureau of Naval Personnel, Washington, DC.

The Progress Check Booklet is designed to be used by the student working in the programed course to determine if he has mastered the concepts in the course booklets on: electrical current; voltage; resistance; measuring current and voltage in series circuits; relationships of current, voltage, and resistance; parellel circuits; combination…

78 FR 21675 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Order Approving, on an Accelerated...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-11

... by significant amounts in a very short time period before suddenly reversing to prices consistent... circuit breaker pilot program, which was implemented through a series of rule filings by the equity exchanges and by FINRA.\\6\\ The single-stock circuit breaker was designed to reduce extraordinary market...

78 FR 21642 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated; Order Granting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-11

... securities suddenly declining by significant amounts in a very short time period before suddenly reversing to... circuit breaker pilot program, which was implemented through a series of rule filings by the equity exchanges and by FINRA.\\8\\ The single-stock circuit breaker was designed to reduce extraordinary market...

Impact Circuit Training in High School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

LaFleche, Marc Joseph

2012-01-01

This article discusses Impact Circuit Training (ICT) which combines dodging and striking movements to create a workout that increases physical fitness levels in participants. Participants of ICT will strike a heavy bag, mitts, and a speed bag, jump rope, throw and catch a medicine ball, and jog as part of their exercise program. No contact is made…

EPA'S RESEARCH PROJECTS RELATING TO THE DUAL-CIRCUIT AND LORENZ REFRIGERATOR/FREEZERS

EPA Science Inventory

The paper discusses EPA research projects relating to the dual-circuit and Lorenz refrigerator/freezers (RFs). EPA is interested in not only phasing out chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in RFs, but doing so in a way that will maximize energy efficiency and minimize subsequent impacts o...

Proving Program Termination With Matrix Weighted Digraphs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dutle, Aaron

2015-01-01

Program termination analysis is an important task in logic and computer science. While determining if a program terminates is known to be undecidable in general, there has been a significant amount of attention given to finding sufficient and computationally practical conditions to prove termination. One such method takes a program and builds from it a matrix weighted digraph. These are directed graphs whose edges are labeled by square matrices with entries in {-1,0,1}, equipped with a nonstandard matrix multiplication. Certain properties of this digraph are known to imply the termination of the related program. In particular, termination of the program can be determined from the weights of the circuits in the digraph. In this talk, the motivation for addressing termination and how matrix weighted digraphs arise will be briefly discussed. The remainder of the talk will describe an efficient method for bounding the weights of a finite set of the circuits in a matrix weighted digraph, which allows termination of the related program to be deduced.

Model authoring system for fail safe analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sikora, Scott E.

1990-01-01

The Model Authoring System is a prototype software application for generating fault tree analyses and failure mode and effects analyses for circuit designs. Utilizing established artificial intelligence and expert system techniques, the circuits are modeled as a frame-based knowledge base in an expert system shell, which allows the use of object oriented programming and an inference engine. The behavior of the circuit is then captured through IF-THEN rules, which then are searched to generate either a graphical fault tree analysis or failure modes and effects analysis. Sophisticated authoring techniques allow the circuit to be easily modeled, permit its behavior to be quickly defined, and provide abstraction features to deal with complexity.

Hybrid Direct-Current Circuit Breaker

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wang, Ruxi (Inventor); Premerlani, William James (Inventor); Caiafa, Antonio (Inventor); Pan, Yan (Inventor)

2017-01-01

A circuit breaking system includes a first branch including at least one solid-state snubber; a second branch coupled in parallel to the first branch and including a superconductor and a cryogenic contactor coupled in series; and a controller operatively coupled to the at least one solid-state snubber and the cryogenic contactor and programmed to, when a fault occurs in the load circuit, activate the at least one solid-state snubber for migrating flow of the electrical current from the second branch to the first branch, and, when the fault is cleared in the load circuit, activate the cryogenic contactor for migrating the flow of the electrical current from the first branch to the second branch.

Multi-hundred kilowatt roll ring assembly

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jacobson, Peter E.

1985-01-01

A program was completed to develop an evaluation unit of a high power rotary transfer device for potential application in a space environment. This device was configured around a Roll Ring concept which performs the same function as a slip ring/brush assembly with a rolling instead of sliding interface. An eight circuit Evaluation Unit (EU) and a portable Test Fixture (TF) were designed and fabricated. The EU was designed to transfer currents to 200 amperes at a potential of as high as 500 volts for an ultimate 100 kW/circuit transfer capability. The EU was evaluated in vacuum at dc transfer currents of 50 to 200 amperes at voltages to 10 volts and at 500 volts at 2 amperes. Power transfer to levels of 2 kW through each of the eight circuits was completed. Power transfer in vacuum at levels and efficiencies not previously achieved was demonstrated. The terminal-to-terminal resistance was measured to be greater than 0.42 milliohms which translates to an efficiency at 100 kW of 99.98 percent. The EU and TF have been delivered to the Lewis Research Center and are being prepared tor testing at increased power levels and for life testing, which will include both dc and ac power.

Temperature characteristics research of SOI pressure sensor based on asymmetric base region transistor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Xiaofeng; Li, Dandan; Yu, Yang; Wen, Dianzhong

2017-07-01

Based on the asymmetric base region transistor, a pressure sensor with temperature compensation circuit is proposed in this paper. The pressure sensitive structure of the proposed sensor is constructed by a C-type silicon cup and a Wheatstone bridge with four piezoresistors ({R}1, {R}2, {R}3 and {R}4) locating on the edge of a square silicon membrane. The chip was designed and fabricated on a silicon on insulator (SOI) wafer by micro electromechanical system (MEMS) technology and bipolar transistor process. When the supply voltage is 5.0 V, the corresponding temperature coefficient of the sensitivity (TCS) for the sensor before and after temperature compensation are -1862 and -1067 ppm/°C, respectively. Through varying the ratio of the base region resistances {r}1 and {r}2, the TCS for the sensor with the compensation circuit is -127 ppm/°C. It is possible to use this compensation circuit to improve the temperature characteristics of the pressure sensor. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61471159), the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (No. F201433), the University Nursing Program for Young Scholars with Creative Talents in Heilongjiang Province (No. 2015018), and the Special Funds for Science and Technology Innovation Talents of Harbin in China (No. 2016RAXXJ016).

Demodulation Radio Frequency Interference Effects in Operational Amplifier Circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sutu, Yue-Hong

A series of investigations have been carried out to determine RFI effects in analog circuits using monolithic integrated operational amplifiers (op amps) as active devices. The specific RFI effect investigated is how amplitude-modulated (AM) RF signals are demodulated in op amp circuits to produce undesired low frequency responses at AM-modulation frequency. The undesired demodulation responses were shown to be characterized by a second-order nonlinear transfer function. Four representative op amp types investigated were the 741 bipolar op amp, the LM10 bipolar op amp, the LF355 JFET-Bipolar op amp, and the CA081 MOS-Bipolar op amp. Two op amp circuits were investigated. The first circuit was a noninverting unity voltage gain buffer circuit. The second circuit was an inverting op amp configuration. In the second circuit, the investigation includes the effects of an RFI suppression capacitor in the feedback path. Approximately 30 units of each op amp type were tested to determine the statistical variations of RFI demodulation effects in the two op amp circuits. The Nonlinear Circuit Analysis Program, NCAP, was used to simulate the demodulation RFI response. In the simulation, the op amp was replaced with its incremental macromodel. Values of macromodel parameters were obtained from previous investigations and manufacturer's data sheets. Some key results of this work are: (1) The RFI demodulation effects are 10 to 20 dB lower in CA081 and LF355 FET-bipolar op amp than in 741 and LM10 bipolar op amp except above 40 MHz where the LM10 RFI response begins to approach that of CA081. (2) The experimental mean values for 30 741 op amps show that RFI demodulation responses in the inverting amplifier with a 27 pF feedback capacitor were suppressed from 10 to 35 dB over the RF frequency range 0.1 to 150 MHz except at 0.15 MHz where only 3.5 dB suppression was observed. (3) The NCAP program can predict RFI demodulation responses in 741 and LF355 unity gain buffer circuits within 6 and 7 dB respectively for RF frequencies 0.1 to 400 MHz except near the resonant frequencies for the LF355 circuit. (4) The NCAP simulations suggest that the resonances of the LF355 unity gain buffer circuit are related to small parasitic capacitance values of the order of 1 to 5 pF. (5) The NCAP sensitivity analysis indicates that variations in a second-order transfer function are sensitive to some macromodel parameters.

Profile: Southern College of Optometry--A Leader in the Profession.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Spielberger, Debbie

1979-01-01

A profile of the Southern College of Optometry is provided with information covering the history, students, education (including Doctor of Optometry program, technician program, faculty), clinics, buildings, finances, and new programs and services (including the Memphis Health Center, multiple patient VT program, closed circuit color TV,…

Modeling and Analysis of Power Processing Systems (MAPPS), initial phase 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yu, Y.; Lee, F. C.; Wangenheim, H.; Warren, D.

1977-01-01

The overall objective of the program is to provide the engineering tools to reduce the analysis, design, and development effort, and thus the cost, in achieving the required performances for switching regulators and dc-dc converter systems. The program was both tutorial and application oriented. Various analytical methods were described in detail and supplemented with examples, and those with standardization appeals were reduced into computer-based subprograms. Major program efforts included those concerning small and large signal control-dependent performance analysis and simulation, control circuit design, power circuit design and optimization, system configuration study, and system performance simulation. Techniques including discrete time domain, conventional frequency domain, Lagrange multiplier, nonlinear programming, and control design synthesis were employed in these efforts. To enhance interactive conversation between the modeling and analysis subprograms and the user, a working prototype of the Data Management Program was also developed to facilitate expansion as future subprogram capabilities increase.

System Guidelines for EMC Safety-Critical Circuits: Design, Selection, and Margin Demonstration

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lawton, R. M.

1996-01-01

Demonstration of required safety margins on critical electrical/electronic circuits in large complex systems has become an implementation and cost problem. These margins are the difference between the activation level of the circuit and the electrical noise on the circuit in the actual operating environment. This document discusses the origin of the requirement and gives a detailed process flow for the identification of the system electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) critical circuit list. The process flow discusses the roles of engineering disciplines such as systems engineering, safety, and EMC. Design and analysis guidelines are provided to assist the designer in assuring the system design has a high probability of meeting the margin requirements. Examples of approaches used on actual programs (Skylab and Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster) are provided to show how variations of the approach can be used successfully.

Wide-Temperature Electronics for Thermal Control of Nanosats

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dickman, John Ellis; Gerber, Scott

2000-01-01

This document represents a presentation which examines the wide and low-temperature electronics required for NanoSatellites. In the past, larger spacecraft used Radioisotope Heating Units (RHU's). The advantage of the use of these electronics is that they could eliminate or reduce the requirement for RHU's, reduce system weight and simplify spacecraft design by eliminating containment/support structures for RHU's. The Glenn Research Center's Wide/Low Temperature Power Electronics Program supports the development of power systems capable of reliable, efficient operation over wide and low temperature ranges. Included charts review the successes and failures of various electronic devices, the IRF541 HEXFET, The NE76118n-Channel GaAS MESFET, the Lithium Carbon Monofluoride Primary Battery, and a COTS DC-DC converter. The preliminary result of wide/low temperature testing of CTS and custom parts and power circuit indicate that through careful selection of components and technologies it is possible to design and build power circuits which operate from room temperature to near 100K.

PSPICE controlled-source models of analogous circuit for Langevin type piezoelectric transducer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Yeongchin; Wu, Menqjiun; Liu, Weikuo

2007-02-01

The design and construction of wide-band and high efficiency acoustical projector has long been considered an art beyond the capabilities of many smaller groups. Langevin type piezoelectric transducers have been the most candidate of sonar array system applied in underwater communication. The transducers are fabricated, by bolting head mass and tail mass on both ends of stacked piezoelectric ceramic, to satisfy the multiple, conflicting design for high power transmitting capability. The aim of this research is to study the characteristics of Langevin type piezoelectric transducer that depend on different metal loading. First, the Mason equivalent circuit is used to model the segmented piezoelectric ceramic, then, the impedance network of tail and head masses is deduced by the Newton’s theory. To obtain the optimal solution to a specific design formulation, PSPICE controlled-source programming techniques can be applied. A valid example of the application of PSPICE models for Langevin type transducer analysis is presented and the simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental measurements.

Photon Statistics of Propagating Thermal Microwaves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deppe, F.; Goetz, J.; Eder, P.; Fischer, M.; Pogorzalek, S.; Xie, E.; Fedorov, K. G.; Marx, A.; Gross, R.

In experiments with superconducting quantum circuits, characterizing the photon statistics of propagating microwave fields is a fundamental task. This task is in particular relevant for thermal fields, which are omnipresent noise sources in superconducting quantum circuits covering all relevant frequency regimes. We quantify the n2 + n photon number variance of thermal microwave photons emitted from a black-body radiator for mean photon numbers 0 . 05 <= n <= 1 . 5. In addition, we also use the fields as a sensitive probe for second-order decoherence effects of the qubit. Specifically, we investigate the influence of thermal fields on the low-frequency spectrum of the qubit parameter fluctuations. We find an enhacement of the white noise contribution of the noise power spectral density. Our data confirms a model of thermally activated two-level states interacting with the qubit. Supported by the German Research Foundation through FE 1564/1-1, the doctorate programs ExQM of the Elite Network of Bavaria, and the IMPRS Quantum Science and Technology.

Parallel VLSI architecture emulation and the organization of APSA/MPP

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Odonnell, John T.

1987-01-01

The Applicative Programming System Architecture (APSA) combines an applicative language interpreter with a novel parallel computer architecture that is well suited for Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) implementation. The Massively Parallel Processor (MPP) can simulate VLSI circuits by allocating one processing element in its square array to an area on a square VLSI chip. As long as there are not too many long data paths, the MPP can simulate a VLSI clock cycle very rapidly. The APSA circuit contains a binary tree with a few long paths and many short ones. A skewed H-tree layout allows every processing element to simulate a leaf cell and up to four tree nodes, with no loss in parallelism. Emulation of a key APSA algorithm on the MPP resulted in performance 16,000 times faster than a Vax. This speed will make it possible for the APSA language interpreter to run fast enough to support research in parallel list processing algorithms.

NASA direct detection laser diode driver

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Seery, B. D.; Hornbuckle, C. A.

1989-01-01

TRW has developed a prototype driver circuit for GaAs laser diodes as part of the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center's Direct Detection Laser Transceiver (DDLT) program. The circuit is designed to drive the laser diode over a range of user-selectable data rates from 1.7 to 220 Mbps, Manchester-encoded, while ensuring compatibility with 8-bit and quaternary pulse position modulation (QPPM) formats for simulating deep space communications. The resulting hybrid circuit has demonstrated 10 to 90 percent rise and fall times of less than 300 ps at peak currents exceeding 100 mA.

Sandia National Laboratories: Physical, Chemical, and Nano Sciences

Science.gov Websites

Robotics R&D 100 Awards Laboratory Directed Research & Development Technology Deployment Centers Honey I shrunk the circuit CINT Virtual Tour Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Honey I shrunk the circuit Ion Beam Lab Virtual Tour: Coming Soon! Honey I shrunk the circuit CINT 10 Year Anniversary Video

Orthogonality and Burdens of Heterologous AND Gate Gene Circuits in E. coli

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

Synthetic biology approaches commonly introduce heterologous gene networks into a host to predictably program cells, with the expectation of the synthetic network being orthogonal to the host background. However, introduced circuits may interfere with the host’s physiology, either indirectly by posing a metabolic burden and/or through unintended direct interactions between parts of the circuit with those of the host, affecting functionality. Here we used RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis to quantify the interactions between a representative heterologous AND gate circuit and the host Escherichia coli under various conditions including circuit designs and plasmid copy numbers. We show that the circuit plasmid copy number outweighs circuit composition for their effect on host gene expression with medium-copy number plasmid showing more prominent interference than its low-copy number counterpart. In contrast, the circuits have a stronger influence on the host growth with a metabolic load increasing with the copy number of the circuits. Notably, we show that variation of copy number, an increase from low to medium copy, caused different types of change observed in the behavior of components in the AND gate circuit leading to the unbalance of the two gate-inputs and thus counterintuitive output attenuation. The study demonstrates the circuit plasmid copy number is a key factor that can dramatically affect the orthogonality, burden and functionality of the heterologous circuits in the host chassis. The results provide important guidance for future efforts to design orthogonal and robust gene circuits with minimal unwanted interaction and burden to their host. PMID:29240998

Swarm intelligence-based approach for optimal design of CMOS differential amplifier and comparator circuit using a hybrid salp swarm algorithm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Asaithambi, Sasikumar; Rajappa, Muthaiah

2018-05-01

In this paper, an automatic design method based on a swarm intelligence approach for CMOS analog integrated circuit (IC) design is presented. The hybrid meta-heuristics optimization technique, namely, the salp swarm algorithm (SSA), is applied to the optimal sizing of a CMOS differential amplifier and the comparator circuit. SSA is a nature-inspired optimization algorithm which mimics the navigating and hunting behavior of salp. The hybrid SSA is applied to optimize the circuit design parameters and to minimize the MOS transistor sizes. The proposed swarm intelligence approach was successfully implemented for an automatic design and optimization of CMOS analog ICs using Generic Process Design Kit (GPDK) 180 nm technology. The circuit design parameters and design specifications are validated through a simulation program for integrated circuit emphasis simulator. To investigate the efficiency of the proposed approach, comparisons have been carried out with other simulation-based circuit design methods. The performances of hybrid SSA based CMOS analog IC designs are better than the previously reported studies.

Swarm intelligence-based approach for optimal design of CMOS differential amplifier and comparator circuit using a hybrid salp swarm algorithm.

PubMed

Asaithambi, Sasikumar; Rajappa, Muthaiah

2018-05-01

In this paper, an automatic design method based on a swarm intelligence approach for CMOS analog integrated circuit (IC) design is presented. The hybrid meta-heuristics optimization technique, namely, the salp swarm algorithm (SSA), is applied to the optimal sizing of a CMOS differential amplifier and the comparator circuit. SSA is a nature-inspired optimization algorithm which mimics the navigating and hunting behavior of salp. The hybrid SSA is applied to optimize the circuit design parameters and to minimize the MOS transistor sizes. The proposed swarm intelligence approach was successfully implemented for an automatic design and optimization of CMOS analog ICs using Generic Process Design Kit (GPDK) 180 nm technology. The circuit design parameters and design specifications are validated through a simulation program for integrated circuit emphasis simulator. To investigate the efficiency of the proposed approach, comparisons have been carried out with other simulation-based circuit design methods. The performances of hybrid SSA based CMOS analog IC designs are better than the previously reported studies.

Genetically Encoded Catalytic Hairpin Assembly for Sensitive RNA Imaging in Live Cells.

PubMed

Mudiyanselage, Aruni P K K Karunanayake; Yu, Qikun; Leon-Duque, Mark A; Zhao, Bin; Wu, Rigumula; You, Mingxu

2018-06-26

DNA and RNA nanotechnology has been used for the development of dynamic molecular devices. In particular, programmable enzyme-free nucleic acid circuits, such as catalytic hairpin assembly, have been demonstrated as useful tools for bioanalysis and to scale up system complexity to an extent beyond current cellular genetic circuits. However, the intracellular functions of most synthetic nucleic acid circuits have been hindered by challenges in the biological delivery and degradation. On the other hand, genetically encoded and transcribed RNA circuits emerge as alternative powerful tools for long-term embedded cellular analysis and regulation. Herein, we reported a genetically encoded RNA-based catalytic hairpin assembly circuit for sensitive RNA imaging inside living cells. The split version of Broccoli, a fluorogenic RNA aptamer, was used as the reporter. One target RNA can catalytically trigger the fluorescence from tens-to-hundreds of Broccoli. As a result, target RNAs can be sensitively detected. We have further engineered our circuit to allow easy programming to image various target RNA sequences. This design principle opens the arena for developing a large variety of genetically encoded RNA circuits for cellular applications.

Capillarics: pre-programmed, self-powered microfluidic circuits built from capillary elements.

PubMed

Safavieh, Roozbeh; Juncker, David

2013-11-07

Microfluidic capillary systems employ surface tension effects to manipulate liquids, and are thus self-powered and self-regulated as liquid handling is structurally and chemically encoded in microscale conduits. However, capillary systems have been limited to perform simple fluidic operations. Here, we introduce complex capillary flow circuits that encode sequential flow of multiple liquids with distinct flow rates and flow reversal. We first introduce two novel microfluidic capillary elements including (i) retention burst valves and (ii) robust low aspect ratio trigger valves. These elements are combined with flow resistors, capillary retention valves, capillary pumps, and open and closed reservoirs to build a capillary circuit that, following sample addition, autonomously delivers a defined sequence of multiple chemicals according to a preprogrammed and predetermined flow rate and time. Such a circuit was used to measure the concentration of C-reactive protein. This work illustrates that as in electronics, complex capillary circuits may be built by combining simple capillary elements. We define such circuits as "capillarics", and introduce symbolic representations. We believe that more complex circuits will become possible by expanding the library of building elements and formulating abstract design rules.

47 CFR 74.701 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... television program signals and program signals obtained via video recordings (tapes and discs), microwave... television (DTV) reception to the general public and, subject to a minimum video program service requirement... obtained via video recordings (tapes and discs), microwave, common carrier circuits, or other sources. (m...

47 CFR 74.701 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... television program signals and program signals obtained via video recordings (tapes and discs), microwave... television (DTV) reception to the general public and, subject to a minimum video program service requirement... obtained via video recordings (tapes and discs), microwave, common carrier circuits, or other sources. (m...

47 CFR 74.701 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... television program signals and program signals obtained via video recordings (tapes and discs), microwave... television (DTV) reception to the general public and, subject to a minimum video program service requirement... obtained via video recordings (tapes and discs), microwave, common carrier circuits, or other sources. (m...

47 CFR 74.701 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... television program signals and program signals obtained via video recordings (tapes and discs), microwave... television (DTV) reception to the general public and, subject to a minimum video program service requirement... obtained via video recordings (tapes and discs), microwave, common carrier circuits, or other sources. (m...

47 CFR 74.701 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... television program signals and program signals obtained via video recordings (tapes and discs), microwave... television (DTV) reception to the general public and, subject to a minimum video program service requirement... obtained via video recordings (tapes and discs), microwave, common carrier circuits, or other sources. (m...

Modeling and Analysis of a Fractional-Order Generalized Memristor-Based Chaotic System and Circuit Implementation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Ningning; Xu, Cheng; Wu, Chaojun; Jia, Rong; Liu, Chongxin

2017-12-01

Memristor is a nonlinear “missing circuit element”, that can easily achieve chaotic oscillation. Memristor-based chaotic systems have received more and more attention. Research shows that fractional-order systems are more close to real systems. As an important parameter, the order can increase the flexibility and degree of freedom of the system. In this paper, a fractional-order generalized memristor, which consists of a diode bridge and a parallel circuit with an equivalent unit circuit and a linear resistance, is proposed. Frequency and electrical characteristics of the fractional-order memristor are analyzed. A chain structure circuit is used to implement the fractional-order unit circuit. Then replacing the conventional Chua’s diode by the fractional-order generalized memristor, a fractional-order memristor-based chaotic circuit is proposed. A large amount of research work has been done to investigate the influence of the order on the dynamical behaviors of the fractional-order memristor-based chaotic circuit. Varying with the order, the system enters the chaotic state from the periodic state through the Hopf bifurcation and period-doubling bifurcation. The chaotic state of the system has two types of attractors: single-scroll and double-scroll attractor. The stability theory of fractional-order systems is used to determine the minimum order occurring Hopf bifurcation. And the influence of the initial value on the system is analyzed. Circuit simulations are designed to verify the results of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.

Mammalian Synthetic Biology: Engineering Biological Systems.

PubMed

Black, Joshua B; Perez-Pinera, Pablo; Gersbach, Charles A

2017-06-21

The programming of new functions into mammalian cells has tremendous application in research and medicine. Continued improvements in the capacity to sequence and synthesize DNA have rapidly increased our understanding of mechanisms of gene function and regulation on a genome-wide scale and have expanded the set of genetic components available for programming cell biology. The invention of new research tools, including targetable DNA-binding systems such as CRISPR/Cas9 and sensor-actuator devices that can recognize and respond to diverse chemical, mechanical, and optical inputs, has enabled precise control of complex cellular behaviors at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. These tools have been critical for the expansion of synthetic biology techniques from prokaryotic and lower eukaryotic hosts to mammalian systems. Recent progress in the development of genome and epigenome editing tools and in the engineering of designer cells with programmable genetic circuits is expanding approaches to prevent, diagnose, and treat disease and to establish personalized theranostic strategies for next-generation medicines. This review summarizes the development of these enabling technologies and their application to transforming mammalian synthetic biology into a distinct field in research and medicine.

Electronic Components and Systems for Cryogenic Space Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Patterson, R. L.; Hammoud, A.; Dickman, J. E.; Gerber, S.; Elbuluk, M. E.; Overton, E.

2001-01-01

Electronic components and systems capable of operation at cryogenic temperatures are anticipated in many future NASA space missions such as deep space probes and planetary surface exploration. For example, an unheated interplanetary probe launched to explore the rings of Saturn would reach an average temperature near Saturn of about - 183 C. In addition to surviving the deep space harsh environment, electronics capable of low temperature operation would contribute to improving circuit performance, increasing system efficiency, and reducing payload development and launch costs. Terrestrial applications where components and systems must operate in low temperature environments include cryogenic instrumentation, superconducting magnetic energy storage, magnetic levitation transportation system, and arctic exploration. An on-going research and development program at the NASA Glenn Research Center focuses on the development of reliable electronic devices and efficient power systems capable of surviving in low temperature environments. An overview of the program will be presented in this paper. A description of the low temperature test facilities along with selected data obtained from in-house component testing will also be discussed. Ongoing research activities that are being performed in collaboration with various organizations will also be presented.

Printed-Circuit-Board Soldering Training for Group IV Personnel.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hooprich, E. A.; Matlock, E. W.

As part of a larger program to determine which Navy skills can be learned by lower aptitude personnel, and which methods and techniques would be most effective, an experimental course in printed circuit board soldering was given to 186 Group IV students in 13 classes. Two different training approaches--one stressing instructor guidance and the…

Interface between a printed circuit board computer aided design tool (Tektronix 4051 based) and a numerical paper tape controlled drill press (Slo-Syn 530: 100 w/ Dumore Automatic Head Number 8391)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Heckman, B.K.; Chinn, V.K.

1981-01-01

The development and use of computer programs written to produce the paper tape needed for the automation, or numeric control, of drill presses employed to fabricate computed-designed printed circuit boards are described. (LCL)

Fate-Regulating Circuits in Viruses: From Discovery to New Therapy Targets

PubMed Central

Pai, Anand; Weinberger, Leor S.

2018-01-01

Current antivirals effectively target diverse viruses at various stages of their viral lifecycles. Nevertheless, curative therapy has remained elusive for important pathogens (e.g., HIV-1 and herpesviruses), in large part due to viral latency and the evolution of resistance to existing therapies. Here, we review the discovery of viral ‘master’ circuits: virus-encoded auto-regulatory gene networks that can autonomously control viral expression programs (i.e., between active, latent, and abortive fates). These circuits offer a potential new class of antivirals that could lead to intrinsic combination-antiviral therapies within a single molecule—evolutionary escape from such circuit ‘disruptors’ would require simultaneous evolution of both the cis regulatory element (e.g., the DNA-binding site) and the trans element (e.g., the transcription factor) for the circuit’s function to be recapitulated. We review the architectures of these fate-regulating master circuits in HIV-1 and the human herpesvirus cytomegalovirus (CMV) along with potential circuit-disruption strategies that may ultimately enable escape-resistant antiviral therapies. PMID:28800289

Identifying and Investigating Difficult Concepts in Engineering Mechanics and Electric Circuits. Research Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Streveler, Ruth; Geist, Monica; Ammerman, Ravel; Sulzbach, Candace; Miller, Ronald; Olds, Barbara; Nelson, Mary

2007-01-01

This study extends ongoing work to identify difficult concepts in thermal and transport science and measure students' understanding of those concepts via a concept inventory. Two research questions provided the focal point: "What important concepts in electric circuits and engineering mechanics do students find difficult to learn?" and…

Packaging printed circuit boards: A production application of interactive graphics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Perrill, W. A.

1975-01-01

The structure and use of an Interactive Graphics Packaging Program (IGPP), conceived to apply computer graphics to the design of packaging electronic circuits onto printed circuit boards (PCB), were described. The intent was to combine the data storage and manipulative power of the computer with the imaginative, intuitive power of a human designer. The hardware includes a CDC 6400 computer and two CDC 777 terminals with CRT screens, light pens, and keyboards. The program is written in FORTRAN 4 extended with the exception of a few functions coded in COMPASS (assembly language). The IGPP performs four major functions for the designer: (1) data input and display, (2) component placement (automatic or manual), (3) conductor path routing (automatic or manual), and (4) data output. The most complex PCB packaged to date measured 16.5 cm by 19 cm and contained 380 components, two layers of ground planes and four layers of conductors mixed with ground planes.

A Low-Cost CMOS Programmable Temperature Switch

PubMed Central

Li, Yunlong; Wu, Nanjian

2008-01-01

A novel uncalibrated CMOS programmable temperature switch with high temperature accuracy is presented. Its threshold temperature Tth can be programmed by adjusting the ratios of width and length of the transistors. The operating principles of the temperature switch circuit is theoretically explained. A floating gate neural MOS circuit is designed to compensate automatically the threshold temperature Tth variation that results form the process tolerance. The switch circuit is implemented in a standard 0.35 μm CMOS process. The temperature switch can be programmed to perform the switch operation at 16 different threshold temperature Tths from 45—120°C with a 5°C increment. The measurement shows a good consistency in the threshold temperatures. The chip core area is 0.04 mm2 and power consumption is 3.1 μA at 3.3V power supply. The advantages of the temperature switch are low power consumption, the programmable threshold temperature and the controllable hysteresis. PMID:27879871

[Not Available].

PubMed

Pecevski, Dejan; Natschläger, Thomas; Schuch, Klaus

2009-01-01

The Parallel Circuit SIMulator (PCSIM) is a software package for simulation of neural circuits. It is primarily designed for distributed simulation of large scale networks of spiking point neurons. Although its computational core is written in C++, PCSIM's primary interface is implemented in the Python programming language, which is a powerful programming environment and allows the user to easily integrate the neural circuit simulator with data analysis and visualization tools to manage the full neural modeling life cycle. The main focus of this paper is to describe PCSIM's full integration into Python and the benefits thereof. In particular we will investigate how the automatically generated bidirectional interface and PCSIM's object-oriented modular framework enable the user to adopt a hybrid modeling approach: using and extending PCSIM's functionality either employing pure Python or C++ and thus combining the advantages of both worlds. Furthermore, we describe several supplementary PCSIM packages written in pure Python and tailored towards setting up and analyzing neural simulations.

Synthetic mixed-signal computation in living cells

PubMed Central

Rubens, Jacob R.; Selvaggio, Gianluca; Lu, Timothy K.

2016-01-01

Living cells implement complex computations on the continuous environmental signals that they encounter. These computations involve both analogue- and digital-like processing of signals to give rise to complex developmental programs, context-dependent behaviours and homeostatic activities. In contrast to natural biological systems, synthetic biological systems have largely focused on either digital or analogue computation separately. Here we integrate analogue and digital computation to implement complex hybrid synthetic genetic programs in living cells. We present a framework for building comparator gene circuits to digitize analogue inputs based on different thresholds. We then demonstrate that comparators can be predictably composed together to build band-pass filters, ternary logic systems and multi-level analogue-to-digital converters. In addition, we interface these analogue-to-digital circuits with other digital gene circuits to enable concentration-dependent logic. We expect that this hybrid computational paradigm will enable new industrial, diagnostic and therapeutic applications with engineered cells. PMID:27255669

PRANC: Program for Analyzing Nonlinear Circuits.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-05-01

NAMES: so2 9 C ALL VARIlABLE NAMIES AND ARRAYS AS DEFINED IN SUB-PROGRAM *92P s0 204 c * zot. . Gzp 100 C * CZp 110 C****~*******.****.********a...G2P 120 c GZP 130 COMPLEX CHAT(M?.I),E TCS1),X(iS1),EUALS(l) GZP 140 DIMENSION NPORT(.1). EM:AT(M.1) CZP 150 COMMON /ENOS/ NCOP...IvJ) GZP 240 104 CONTINUE- CZP 250 RE -1 URN GEP 260 C, G-P 270 10S FORMAT (1H1,29HOPEN CIRCUIT IMPEDANCE MATRIX) G.Zp 280 103 FORNIAT (lX,2H3-(#,4

State prisons are covered by ADA, 7th Circuit rules.

PubMed

1997-07-25

Prison inmate [name removed] sued the Indiana Department of Corrections, claiming it violated the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) by denying him access to education programs, the library, and the dining hall because he is blind. The 7th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals rejected the district court's decision to dismiss the case based on the grounds that the ADA does not apply to prison inmates. The court held that the Department of Corrections cannot exclude an inmate with a disability from prison programs unless the accommodation caused an undue burden on the system.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and addiction: Pathological versus therapeutic effects on drug seeking

PubMed Central

Barker, Jacqueline M.; Taylor, Jane R.; De Vries, Taco J.; Peters, Jamie

2015-01-01

Many abused drugs lead to changes in endogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in neural circuits responsible for addictive behaviors. BDNF is a known molecular mediator of memory consolidation processes, evident at both behavioral and neurophysiological levels. Specific neural circuits are responsible for storing and executing drug-procuring motor programs, whereas other neural circuits are responsible for the active suppression of these “seeking” systems. These seeking-circuits are established as associations are formed between drug-associated cues and the conditioned responses they elicit. Such conditioned responses (e.g. drug seeking) can be diminished either through a passive weakening of seeking-circuits or an active suppression of those circuits through extinction. Extinction learning occurs when the association between cues and drug are violated, for example, by cue exposure without the drug present. Cue exposure therapy has been proposed as a therapeutic avenue for the treatment of addictions. Here we explore the role of BDNF in extinction circuits, compared to seeking-circuits that “incubate” over prolonged withdrawal periods. We begin by discussing the role of BDNF in extinction memory for fear and cocaine-seeking behaviors, where extinction circuits overlap in infralimbic prefrontal cortex (PFC). We highlight the ability of estrogen to promote BDNF-like effects in hippocampal–prefrontal circuits and consider the role of sex differences in extinction and incubation of drug-seeking behaviors. Finally, we examine how opiates and alcohol “break the mold” in terms of BDNF function in extinction circuits. PMID:25451116

Educational Broadcasts of NHK. Special Issue of NHK Today and Tomorrow.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Japan Broadcasting Co., Tokyo

A special issue of NHK Today and Tomorrow, published by Japan Broadcasting Company, describes open-circuit and classroom broadcasts. Policies of NHK are explained and standards listed for educational programs in general, school programs, children's programs, and cultural programs. The scope of classroom broadcasts is described and a schedule…

LOGSIM user's manual. [Logic Simulation Program for computer aided design of logic circuits

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mitchell, C. L.; Taylor, J. F.

1972-01-01

The user's manual for the LOGSIM Program is presented. All program options are explained and a detailed definition of the format of each input card is given. LOGSIM Program operations, and the preparation of LOGSIM input data are discused along with data card formats, postprocessor data cards, and output interpretation.

A Network Thermodynamic Approach to Compartmental Analysis

PubMed Central

Mikulecky, D. C.; Huf, E. G.; Thomas, S. R.

1979-01-01

We introduce a general network thermodynamic method for compartmental analysis which uses a compartmental model of sodium flows through frog skin as an illustrative example (Huf and Howell, 1974a). We use network thermodynamics (Mikulecky et al., 1977b) to formulate the problem, and a circuit simulation program (ASTEC 2, SPICE2, or PCAP) for computation. In this way, the compartment concentrations and net fluxes between compartments are readily obtained for a set of experimental conditions involving a square-wave pulse of labeled sodium at the outer surface of the skin. Qualitative features of the influx at the outer surface correlate very well with those observed for the short circuit current under another similar set of conditions by Morel and LeBlanc (1975). In related work, the compartmental model is used as a basis for simulation of the short circuit current and sodium flows simultaneously using a two-port network (Mikulecky et al., 1977a, and Mikulecky et al., A network thermodynamic model for short circuit current transients in frog skin. Manuscript in preparation; Gary-Bobo et al., 1978). The network approach lends itself to computation of classic compartmental problems in a simple manner using circuit simulation programs (Chua and Lin, 1975), and it further extends the compartmental models to more complicated situations involving coupled flows and non-linearities such as concentration dependencies, chemical reaction kinetics, etc. PMID:262387

Network thermodynamic approach compartmental analysis. Na+ transients in frog skin.

PubMed

Mikulecky, D C; Huf, E G; Thomas, S R

1979-01-01

We introduce a general network thermodynamic method for compartmental analysis which uses a compartmental model of sodium flows through frog skin as an illustrative example (Huf and Howell, 1974a). We use network thermodynamics (Mikulecky et al., 1977b) to formulate the problem, and a circuit simulation program (ASTEC 2, SPICE2, or PCAP) for computation. In this way, the compartment concentrations and net fluxes between compartments are readily obtained for a set of experimental conditions involving a square-wave pulse of labeled sodium at the outer surface of the skin. Qualitative features of the influx at the outer surface correlate very well with those observed for the short circuit current under another similar set of conditions by Morel and LeBlanc (1975). In related work, the compartmental model is used as a basis for simulation of the short circuit current and sodium flows simultaneously using a two-port network (Mikulecky et al., 1977a, and Mikulecky et al., A network thermodynamic model for short circuit current transients in frog skin. Manuscript in preparation; Gary-Bobo et al., 1978). The network approach lends itself to computation of classic compartmental problems in a simple manner using circuit simulation programs (Chua and Lin, 1975), and it further extends the compartmental models to more complicated situations involving coupled flows and non-linearities such as concentration dependencies, chemical reaction kinetics, etc.

Genetic Circuit Performance under Conditions Relevant for Industrial Bioreactors

PubMed Central

Moser, Felix; Broers, Nicolette J.; Hartmans, Sybe; Tamsir, Alvin; Kerkman, Richard; Roubos, Johannes A.; Bovenberg, Roel; Voigt, Christopher A.

2014-01-01

Synthetic genetic programs promise to enable novel applications in industrial processes. For such applications, the genetic circuits that compose programs will require fidelity in varying and complex environments. In this work, we report the performance of two synthetic circuits in Escherichia coli under industrially relevant conditions, including the selection of media, strain, and growth rate. We test and compare two transcriptional circuits: an AND and a NOR gate. In E. coli DH10B, the AND gate is inactive in minimal media; activity can be rescued by supplementing the media and transferring the gate into the industrial strain E. coli DS68637 where normal function is observed in minimal media. In contrast, the NOR gate is robust to media composition and functions similarly in both strains. The AND gate is evaluated at three stages of early scale-up: 100 ml shake-flask experiments, a 1 ml MTP microreactor, and a 10 L bioreactor. A reference plasmid that constitutively produces a GFP reporter is used to make comparisons of circuit performance across conditions. The AND gate function is quantitatively different at each scale. The output deteriorates late in fermentation after the shift from exponential to constant feed rates, which induces rapid resource depletion and changes in growth rate. In addition, one of the output states of the AND gate failed in the bioreactor, effectively making it only responsive to a single input. Finally, cells carrying the AND gate show considerably less accumulation of biomass. Overall, these results highlight challenges and suggest modified strategies for developing and characterizing genetic circuits that function reliably during fermentation. PMID:23656232

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Korsah, K.; Ewing, P.D.; Kercel, S.

This paper presents results to date of an NRC-sponsored confirmatory research program initiated at three national laboratories to address environmental compatibility/qualification concerns associated with the use of microprocessor-based safety-related instrumentation and control (I and C) systems in nuclear power plants. The research approach involved evaluating existing military and industrial guidance, identifying the most significant environmental stressors and, for advanced I and C systems in a nuclear power plant, investigating the likely failure modes--both at the integrated circuit and system level--for digital technologies under varying levels of environmental stress (such as smoke exposure and electromagnetic and radio-frequency interference). The insights gainedmore » from these studies are being used to recommend appropriate methods for qualifying safety-related digital equipment in nuclear power plants.« less

FY2014 Energy Storage R&D Annual Progress Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

none,

The Energy Storage research and development (R&D) subprogram within the DOE Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO) provides support and guidance for projects focusing on batteries for plug-in electric vehicles. Program targets focus on overcoming technical barriers to enable market success including: (1) significantly reducing battery cost, (2) increasing battery performance (power, energy, durability), (3) reducing battery weight & volume, and (4) increasing battery tolerance to abusive conditions such as short circuit, overcharge, and crush. This report describes the progress made on the research and development projects funded by the Energy Storage subprogram in 2014. You can download individual sections at themore » following website, http://energy.gov/eere/vehicles/downloads/vehicle-technologies-office-2014-energy-storage-rd-annual-report.« less

High-speed polarization-encoded quantum key distribution based on silicon photonic integrated devices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bunandar, Darius; Urayama, Junji; Boynton, Nicholas; Martinez, Nicholas; Derose, Christopher; Lentine, Anthony; Davids, Paul; Camacho, Ryan; Wong, Franco; Englund, Dirk

We present a compact polarization-encoded quantum key distribution (QKD) transmitter near a 1550-nm wavelength implemented on a CMOS-compatible silicon-on-insulator photonics platform. The transmitter generates arbitrary polarization qubits at gigahertz bandwidth with an extinction ratio better than 30 dB using high-speed carrier-depletion phase modulators. We demonstrate the performance of this device by generating secret keys at a rate of 1 Mbps in a complete QKD field test. Our work shows the potential of using advanced photonic integrated circuits to enable high-speed quantum-secure communications. This work was supported by the SECANT QKD Grand Challenge, the Samsung Global Research Outreach Program, and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research.

Optical programmable Boolean logic unit.

PubMed

Chattopadhyay, Tanay

2011-11-10

Logic units are the building blocks of many important computational operations likes arithmetic, multiplexer-demultiplexer, radix conversion, parity checker cum generator, etc. Multifunctional logic operation is very much essential in this respect. Here a programmable Boolean logic unit is proposed that can perform 16 Boolean logical operations from a single optical input according to the programming input without changing the circuit design. This circuit has two outputs. One output is complementary to the other. Hence no loss of data can occur. The circuit is basically designed by a 2×2 polarization independent optical cross bar switch. Performance of the proposed circuit has been achieved by doing numerical simulations. The binary logical states (0,1) are represented by the absence of light (null) and presence of light, respectively.

Servo Platform Circuit Design of Pendulous Gyroscope Based on DSP

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tan, Lilong; Wang, Pengcheng; Zhong, Qiyuan; Zhang, Cui; Liu, Yunfei

2018-03-01

In order to solve the problem when a certain type of pendulous gyroscope in the initial installation deviation more than 40 degrees, that the servo platform can not be up to the speed of the gyroscope in the rough north seeking phase. This paper takes the digital signal processor TMS320F28027 as the core, uses incremental digital PID algorithm, carries out the circuit design of the servo platform. Firstly, the hardware circuit is divided into three parts: DSP minimum system, motor driving circuit and signal processing circuit, then the mathematical model of incremental digital PID algorithm is established, based on the model, writes the PID control program in CCS3.3, finally, the servo motor tracking control experiment is carried out, it shows that the design can significantly improve the tracking ability of the servo platform, and the design has good engineering practice.

Junior High Students Produce Daily TV Today Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Worzala, Louise Hicks

1976-01-01

Describes the seven-minute, closed-circuit television program for 500 students and teachers which is entirely planned and produced by an eighth grade broadcast journalism class at a McHenry (Illinois) junior high school. (JM)

Biomedically relevant circuit-design strategies in mammalian synthetic biology

PubMed Central

Bacchus, William; Aubel, Dominique; Fussenegger, Martin

2013-01-01

The development and progress in synthetic biology has been remarkable. Although still in its infancy, synthetic biology has achieved much during the past decade. Improvements in genetic circuit design have increased the potential for clinical applicability of synthetic biology research. What began as simple transcriptional gene switches has rapidly developed into a variety of complex regulatory circuits based on the transcriptional, translational and post-translational regulation. Instead of compounds with potential pharmacologic side effects, the inducer molecules now used are metabolites of the human body and even members of native cell signaling pathways. In this review, we address recent progress in mammalian synthetic biology circuit design and focus on how novel designs push synthetic biology toward clinical implementation. Groundbreaking research on the implementation of optogenetics and intercellular communications is addressed, as particularly optogenetics provides unprecedented opportunities for clinical application. Along with an increase in synthetic network complexity, multicellular systems are now being used to provide a platform for next-generation circuit design. PMID:24061539

Solid State Technology Branch of NASA Lewis Research Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1991-01-01

Reprints of one year's production of research publications (June 1990 to June 1991) are presented. These are organized into three major sections: microwave circuits, both hybrid and monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs); materials and device work; and superconductivity. The included papers also cover more specific topics involving waveguides, phase array antennas, dielectrics, and high temperature superconductors.

Implantable Biomedical Microsystems: A New Graduate Course in Biomedical Circuits and Systems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sodagar, Amir M.

2014-01-01

After more than two decades of research on the design and development of implantable biomedical microsystems, it is time now to organize research achievements in this area in a consolidated and pedagogical form. This paper introduces a new graduate course in advanced biomedical circuits and systems. Designed for graduate students with electrical…

PV Systems Reliability Final Technical Report: Ground Fault Detection

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lavrova, Olga; Flicker, Jack David; Johnson, Jay

We have examined ground faults in PhotoVoltaic (PV) arrays and the efficacy of fuse, current detection (RCD), current sense monitoring/relays (CSM), isolation/insulation (Riso) monitoring, and Ground Fault Detection and Isolation (GFID) using simulations based on a Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis SPICE ground fault circuit model, experimental ground faults installed on real arrays, and theoretical equations.

NASA Tech Briefs, April 1995. Volume 19, No. 4

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1995-01-01

This issue of the NASA Tech Briefs has a special focus section on video and imaging, a feature on the NASA invention of the year, and a resource report on the Dryden Flight Research Center. The issue also contains articles on electronic components and circuits, electronic systems, physical sciences, materials, computer programs, mechanics, machinery, manufacturing/fabrication, mathematics and information sciences and life sciences. In addition to the standard articles in the NASA Tech brief, this contains a supplement entitled "Laser Tech Briefs" which features an article on the National Ignition Facility, and other articles on the use of Lasers.

Multi-strategy based quantum cost reduction of linear nearest-neighbor quantum circuit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tan, Ying-ying; Cheng, Xue-yun; Guan, Zhi-jin; Liu, Yang; Ma, Haiying

2018-03-01

With the development of reversible and quantum computing, study of reversible and quantum circuits has also developed rapidly. Due to physical constraints, most quantum circuits require quantum gates to interact on adjacent quantum bits. However, many existing quantum circuits nearest-neighbor have large quantum cost. Therefore, how to effectively reduce quantum cost is becoming a popular research topic. In this paper, we proposed multiple optimization strategies to reduce the quantum cost of the circuit, that is, we reduce quantum cost from MCT gates decomposition, nearest neighbor and circuit simplification, respectively. The experimental results show that the proposed strategies can effectively reduce the quantum cost, and the maximum optimization rate is 30.61% compared to the corresponding results.

HYMOSS signal processing for pushbroom spectral imaging

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ludwig, David E.

1991-01-01

The objective of the Pushbroom Spectral Imaging Program was to develop on-focal plane electronics which compensate for detector array non-uniformities. The approach taken was to implement a simple two point calibration algorithm on focal plane which allows for offset and linear gain correction. The key on focal plane features which made this technique feasible was the use of a high quality transimpedance amplifier (TIA) and an analog-to-digital converter for each detector channel. Gain compensation is accomplished by varying the feedback capacitance of the integrate and dump TIA. Offset correction is performed by storing offsets in a special on focal plane offset register and digitally subtracting the offsets from the readout data during the multiplexing operation. A custom integrated circuit was designed, fabricated, and tested on this program which proved that nonuniformity compensated, analog-to-digital converting circuits may be used to read out infrared detectors. Irvine Sensors Corporation (ISC) successfully demonstrated the following innovative on-focal-plane functions that allow for correction of detector non-uniformities. Most of the circuit functions demonstrated on this program are finding their way onto future IC's because of their impact on reduced downstream processing, increased focal plane performance, simplified focal plane control, reduced number of dewar connections, as well as the noise immunity of a digital interface dewar. The potential commercial applications for this integrated circuit are primarily in imaging systems. These imaging systems may be used for: security monitoring systems, manufacturing process monitoring, robotics, and for spectral imaging when used in analytical instrumentation.

HYMOSS signal processing for pushbroom spectral imaging

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ludwig, David E.

1991-06-01

The objective of the Pushbroom Spectral Imaging Program was to develop on-focal plane electronics which compensate for detector array non-uniformities. The approach taken was to implement a simple two point calibration algorithm on focal plane which allows for offset and linear gain correction. The key on focal plane features which made this technique feasible was the use of a high quality transimpedance amplifier (TIA) and an analog-to-digital converter for each detector channel. Gain compensation is accomplished by varying the feedback capacitance of the integrate and dump TIA. Offset correction is performed by storing offsets in a special on focal plane offset register and digitally subtracting the offsets from the readout data during the multiplexing operation. A custom integrated circuit was designed, fabricated, and tested on this program which proved that nonuniformity compensated, analog-to-digital converting circuits may be used to read out infrared detectors. Irvine Sensors Corporation (ISC) successfully demonstrated the following innovative on-focal-plane functions that allow for correction of detector non-uniformities. Most of the circuit functions demonstrated on this program are finding their way onto future IC's because of their impact on reduced downstream processing, increased focal plane performance, simplified focal plane control, reduced number of dewar connections, as well as the noise immunity of a digital interface dewar. The potential commercial applications for this integrated circuit are primarily in imaging systems. These imaging systems may be used for: security monitoring systems, manufacturing process monitoring, robotics, and for spectral imaging when used in analytical instrumentation.

RAD hard PROM design study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1981-01-01

The results of a preliminary study on the design of a radiation hardened fusible link programmable read-only memory (PROM) are presented. Various fuse technologies and the effects of radiation on MOS integrated circuits are surveyed. A set of design rules allowing the fabrication of a radiation hardened PROM using a Si-gate CMOS process is defined. A preliminary cell layout was completed and the programming concept defined. A block diagram is used to describe the circuit components required for a 4 K design. A design goal data sheet giving target values for the AC, DC, and radiation parameters of the circuit is presented.

High Speed Solid State Circuit Breaker

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Podlesak, Thomas F.

1993-01-01

The U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Fort Monmouth, NJ, has developed and is installing two 3.3 MW high speed solid state circuit breakers at the Army's Pulse Power Center. These circuit breakers will interrupt 4160V three phase power mains in no more than 300 microseconds, two orders of magnitude faster than conventional mechanical contact type circuit breakers. These circuit breakers utilize Gate Turnoff Thyristors (GTO's) and are currently utility type devices using air cooling in an air conditioned enclosure. Future refinements include liquid cooling, either water or two phase organic coolant, and more advanced semiconductors. Each of these refinements promises a more compact, more reliable unit.

The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Project and Studies of Risk and Resilience in Maltreated Children

PubMed Central

Kaufman, Joan; Gelernter, Joel; Hudziak, James; Tyrka, Audrey R.; Coplan, Jeremy D.

2015-01-01

Objective The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) project was initiated to develop, for research purposes, new ways of classifying mental disorders based on dimensions of observable behavior and neurobiological measures. This article reviews the rationale behind the RDoC program, its goals, and central tenets; discusses application of an RDoC framework to research with maltreated children; and highlights some clinical implications of this work. Method Published RDoC papers were reviewed, together with relevant preclinical and clinical studies that guide our work on risk and resilience in maltreated children. Results The ultimate long-term goal of the RDoC initiative is precision medicine in psychiatry. In the interim, the RDoC initiative provides a framework to organize research to help develop the database required to derive a new psychiatric nomenclature that can appropriately match treatments to patients. The primary focus of RDoC is on neural circuitry, with levels of analyses that span from molecules to behavior. There has been some concern that the RDoC framework is reductionist, with an overemphasis on neural circuits and genetics; however, the briefly reviewed, burgeoning literature on neuroplasticity and epigenetics highlights that this concern is unwarranted, as one cannot study neural circuits and genetics without considering experience. Conclusion The study of maltreated children has a number of advantages for the RDoC project, including the following: study of a subset of patients who are often not responsive to standard interventions; examination of a relatively homogenous sample with onset of psychopathology proposed to be associated with stress-related mechanisms; and well-established, relevant animal models to facilitate translational research. PMID:26210330

Temperature Distribution Within a Defect-Free Silicon Carbide Diode Predicted by a Computational Model

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kuczmarski, Maria A.; Neudeck, Philip G.

2000-01-01

Most solid-state electronic devices diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits are based on silicon. Although this material works well for many applications, its properties limit its ability to function under extreme high-temperature or high-power operating conditions. Silicon carbide (SiC), with its desirable physical properties, could someday replace silicon for these types of applications. A major roadblock to realizing this potential is the quality of SiC material that can currently be produced. Semiconductors require very uniform, high-quality material, and commercially available SiC tends to suffer from defects in the crystalline structure that have largely been eliminated in silicon. In some power circuits, these defects can focus energy into an extremely small area, leading to overheating that can damage the device. In an effort to better understand the way that these defects affect the electrical performance and reliability of an SiC device in a power circuit, the NASA Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field began an in-house three-dimensional computational modeling effort. The goal is to predict the temperature distributions within a SiC diode structure subjected to the various transient overvoltage breakdown stresses that occur in power management circuits. A commercial computational fluid dynamics computer program (FLUENT-Fluent, Inc., Lebanon, New Hampshire) was used to build a model of a defect-free SiC diode and generate a computational mesh. A typical breakdown power density was applied over 0.5 msec in a heated layer at the junction between the p-type SiC and n-type SiC, and the temperature distribution throughout the diode was then calculated. The peak temperature extracted from the computational model agreed well (within 6 percent) with previous first-order calculations of the maximum expected temperature at the end of the breakdown pulse. This level of agreement is excellent for a model of this type and indicates that three-dimensional computational modeling can provide useful predictions for this class of problem. The model is now being extended to include the effects of crystal defects. The model will provide unique insights into how high the temperature rises in the vicinity of the defects in a diode at various power densities and pulse durations. This information also will help researchers in understanding and designing SiC devices for safe and reliable operation in high-power circuits.

A synthetic genetic edge detection program.

PubMed

Tabor, Jeffrey J; Salis, Howard M; Simpson, Zachary Booth; Chevalier, Aaron A; Levskaya, Anselm; Marcotte, Edward M; Voigt, Christopher A; Ellington, Andrew D

2009-06-26

Edge detection is a signal processing algorithm common in artificial intelligence and image recognition programs. We have constructed a genetically encoded edge detection algorithm that programs an isogenic community of E. coli to sense an image of light, communicate to identify the light-dark edges, and visually present the result of the computation. The algorithm is implemented using multiple genetic circuits. An engineered light sensor enables cells to distinguish between light and dark regions. In the dark, cells produce a diffusible chemical signal that diffuses into light regions. Genetic logic gates are used so that only cells that sense light and the diffusible signal produce a positive output. A mathematical model constructed from first principles and parameterized with experimental measurements of the component circuits predicts the performance of the complete program. Quantitatively accurate models will facilitate the engineering of more complex biological behaviors and inform bottom-up studies of natural genetic regulatory networks.

A Synthetic Genetic Edge Detection Program

PubMed Central

Tabor, Jeffrey J.; Salis, Howard; Simpson, Zachary B.; Chevalier, Aaron A.; Levskaya, Anselm; Marcotte, Edward M.; Voigt, Christopher A.; Ellington, Andrew D.

2009-01-01

Summary Edge detection is a signal processing algorithm common in artificial intelligence and image recognition programs. We have constructed a genetically encoded edge detection algorithm that programs an isogenic community of E.coli to sense an image of light, communicate to identify the light-dark edges, and visually present the result of the computation. The algorithm is implemented using multiple genetic circuits. An engineered light sensor enables cells to distinguish between light and dark regions. In the dark, cells produce a diffusible chemical signal that diffuses into light regions. Genetic logic gates are used so that only cells that sense light and the diffusible signal produce a positive output. A mathematical model constructed from first principles and parameterized with experimental measurements of the component circuits predicts the performance of the complete program. Quantitatively accurate models will facilitate the engineering of more complex biological behaviors and inform bottom-up studies of natural genetic regulatory networks. PMID:19563759

Evolution of a Family Nurse Practitioner Program to Improve Primary Care Distribution

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andrus, Len Hughes; Fenley, Mary D.

1976-01-01

Describes a Family Nurse Practitioner Program that has effectively improved the distribution of primary health care manpower in rural areas. Program characteristics include selection of personnel from areas of need, decentralization of clinical and didactic training sites, competency-based portable curriculum, and circuit-riding institutionally…

High-Temperature-Superconductor Films In Microwave Circuits

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bhasin, K. B.; Warner, J. D.; Romanofsky, R. R.; Heinen, V. O.; Chorey, C. M.

1993-01-01

Report discusses recent developments in continuing research on fabrication and characterization of thin films of high-temperature superconducting material and incorporation of such films into microwave circuits. Research motivated by prospect of exploiting superconductivity to reduce electrical losses and thereby enhancing performance of such critical microwave components as ring resonators, filters, transmission lines, phase shifters, and feed lines in phased-array antennas.

A Low Input Current and Wide Conversion Ratio Buck Regulator with 75% Efficiency for High-Voltage Triboelectric Nanogenerators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Luo, Li-Chuan; Bao, De-Chun; Yu, Wu-Qi; Zhang, Zhao-Hua; Ren, Tian-Ling

2016-01-01

It is meaningful to research the Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENG), which can create electricity anywhere and anytime. There are many researches on the structures and materials of TENG to explain the phenomenon that the maximum voltage is stable and the current is increasing. The output voltage of the TENG is high about 180-400 V, and the output current is small about 39 μA, which the electronic devices directly integration of TENG with Li-ion batteries will result in huge energy loss due to the ultrahigh TENG impedance. A novel interface circuit with the high-voltage buck regulator for TENG is introduced firstly in this paper. The interface circuit can transfer the output signal of the TENG into the signal fit to a lithium ion battery. Through the circuit of the buck regulator, the average output voltage is about 4.0 V and the average output current is about 1.12 mA. Further, the reliability and availability for the lithium ion battery and the circuit are discussed. The interface circuit is simulated using the Cadence software and verified through PCB experiment. The buck regulator can achieve 75% efficiency for the High-Voltage TENG. This will lead to a research hot and industrialization applications.

Text Based Analogy in Overcoming Student Misconception on Simple Electricity Circuit Material

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hesti, R.; Maknun, J.; Feranie, S.

2017-09-01

Some researcher have found that the use of analogy in learning and teaching physics was effective enough in giving comprehension in a complicated physics concept such as electrical circuits. Meanwhile, misconception become main cause that makes students failed when learning physics. To provide teaching physics effectively, the misconception should be resolved. Using Text Based Analogy is one of the way to identifying misconceptions and it is enough to assist teachers in conveying scientific truths in order to overcome misconceptions. The purpose of the study to investigate the use of text based analogy in overcoming students misconception on simple electrical circuit material. The samples of this research were 28 of junior high school students taken purposively from one high school in South Jakarta. The method use in this research is pre-experimental and design in one shot case study. Students who are the participants of sample have been identified misconception on the electrical circuit material by using the Diagnostic Test of Simple Electricity Circuit. The results of this study found that TBA can replace the misconceptions of the concept possessed by students with scientific truths conveyed in the text in a way that is easily understood so that TBA is strongly recommended to use in other physics materials.

Dynamic Discharge Arc Driver. [computerized simulation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dannenberg, R. E.; Slapnicar, P. I.

1975-01-01

A computer program using nonlinear RLC circuit analysis was developed to accurately model the electrical discharge performance of the Ames 1-MJ energy storage and arc-driver system. Solutions of circuit parameters are compared with experimental circuit data and related to shock speed measurements. Computer analysis led to the concept of a Dynamic Discharge Arc Driver (DDAD) capable of increasing the range of operation of shock-driven facilities. Utilization of mass addition of the driver gas offers a unique means of improving driver performance. Mass addition acts to increase the arc resistance, which results in better electrical circuit damping with more efficient Joule heating, producing stronger shock waves. Preliminary tests resulted in an increase in shock Mach number from 34 to 39 in air at an initial pressure of 2.5 torr.

Lithium Circuit Test Section Design and Fabrication

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Godfroy, Thomas; Garber, Anne

2006-01-01

The Early Flight Fission - Test Facilities (EFF-TF) team has designed and built an actively pumped lithium flow circuit. Modifications were made to a circuit originally designed for NaK to enable the use of lithium that included application specific instrumentation and hardware. Component scale freeze/thaw tests were conducted to both gain experience with handling and behavior of lithium in solid and liquid form and to supply anchor data for a Generalized Fluid System Simulation Program (GFSSP) model that was modified to include the physics for freeze/thaw transitions. Void formation was investigated. The basic circuit components include: reactor segment, lithium to gas heat exchanger, electromagnetic (EM) liquid metal pump, load/drain reservoir, expansion reservoir, instrumentation, and trace heaters. This paper will discuss the overall system design and build and the component testing findings.

Lithium Circuit Test Section Design and Fabrication

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Godfroy, Thomas; Garber, Anne; Martin, James

2006-01-01

The Early Flight Fission - Test Facilities (EFF-TF) team has designed and built an actively pumped lithium flow circuit. Modifications were made to a circuit originally designed for NaK to enable the use of lithium that included application specific instrumentation and hardware. Component scale freeze/thaw tests were conducted to both gain experience with handling and behavior of lithium in solid and liquid form and to supply anchor data for a Generalized Fluid System Simulation Program (GFSSP) model that was modified to include the physics for freeze/thaw transitions. Void formation was investigated. The basic circuit components include: reactor segment, lithium to gas heat exchanger, electromagnetic (EM) liquid metal pump, load/drain reservoir, expansion reservoir, instrumentation, and trace heaters. This paper discusses the overall system design and build and the component testing findings.

Sequence invariant state machines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Whitaker, S.; Manjunath, S.

1990-01-01

A synthesis method and new VLSI architecture are introduced to realize sequential circuits that have the ability to implement any state machine having N states and m inputs, regardless of the actual sequence specified in the flow table. A design method is proposed that utilizes BTS logic to implement regular and dense circuits. A given state sequence can be programmed with power supply connections or dynamically reallocated if stored in a register. Arbitrary flow table sequences can be modified or programmed to dynamically alter the function of the machine. This allows VLSI controllers to be designed with the programmability of a general purpose processor but with the compact size and performance of dedicated logic.

A quantum physical design flow using ILP and graph drawing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yazdani, Maryam; Saheb Zamani, Morteza; Sedighi, Mehdi

2013-10-01

Implementing large-scale quantum circuits is one of the challenges of quantum computing. One of the central challenges of accurately modeling the architecture of these circuits is to schedule a quantum application and generate the layout while taking into account the cost of communications and classical resources as well as the maximum exploitable parallelism. In this paper, we present and evaluate a design flow for arbitrary quantum circuits in ion trap technology. Our design flow consists of two parts. First, a scheduler takes a description of a circuit and finds the best order for the execution of its quantum gates using integer linear programming regarding the classical resources (qubits) and instruction dependencies. Then a layout generator receives the schedule produced by the scheduler and generates a layout for this circuit using a graph-drawing algorithm. Our experimental results show that the proposed flow decreases the average latency of quantum circuits by about 11 % for a set of attempted benchmarks and by about 9 % for another set of benchmarks compared with the best in literature.

The 4C/ID-Model in Physics Education: Instructional Design of a Digital Learning Environment to Teach Electrical Circuits

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Melo, Mário

2018-01-01

In this paper, readers are guided through the design and development of educational programs based on the 4C/ID model. This was illustrated via a practical example in Physics education, to teach the theme "Electrical circuits" to students of the 9th grade of compulsory education. In the article, the followed steps are described, from…

A dc model for power switching transistors suitable for computer-aided design and analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilson, P. M.; George, R. T., Jr.; Owen, H. A.; Wilson, T. G.

1979-01-01

A model for bipolar junction power switching transistors whose parameters can be readily obtained by the circuit design engineer, and which can be conveniently incorporated into standard computer-based circuit analysis programs is presented. This formulation results from measurements which may be made with standard laboratory equipment. Measurement procedures, as well as a comparison between actual and computed results, are presented.

Capability approval programme for Microwave Hybrid Integrated Circuits (MHICS)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1990-11-01

The general requirements for capability approval of a manufacturing line for Microwave Hybrid Integrated Circuits (MHICs) are defined. ESA approval mandate will be exercized upon conclusion of the evaluation phase and at the end of the program. Before the evaluation phase can commence, the manufacturer must define the capability approval domain by specifying the processes, materials and technology for which approval is sought.

Programmed Pathogen Sense and Destroy Circuits

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-02-18

detection and the peptide-mediated Com QS system of Bacillus subtilis for gram-positive detection. Together these two prototype sentinel circuits cover a...and E. coli. We are currently in the process of constructing receivers for a gram-positive pathogen, Bacillus subtilis . Gram-negative...QS signals. Figure 11: Gram positive QS systems. Agr QS of Staphylococcus aureus (left) and Com QS of Bacillus subtilis . Following the successful

Synthetic biology: An emerging research field in China

PubMed Central

Pei, Lei; Schmidt, Markus; Wei, Wei

2011-01-01

Synthetic biology is considered as an emerging research field that will bring new opportunities to biotechnology. There is an expectation that synthetic biology will not only enhance knowledge in basic science, but will also have great potential for practical applications. Synthetic biology is still in an early developmental stage in China. We provide here a review of current Chinese research activities in synthetic biology and its different subfields, such as research on genetic circuits, minimal genomes, chemical synthetic biology, protocells and DNA synthesis, using literature reviews and personal communications with Chinese researchers. To meet the increasing demand for a sustainable development, research on genetic circuits to harness biomass is the most pursed research within Chinese researchers. The environmental concerns are driven force of research on the genetic circuits for bioremediation. The research on minimal genomes is carried on identifying the smallest number of genomes needed for engineering minimal cell factories and research on chemical synthetic biology is focused on artificial proteins and expanded genetic code. The research on protocells is more in combination with the research on molecular-scale motors. The research on DNA synthesis and its commercialisation are also reviewed. As for the perspective on potential future Chinese R&D activities, it will be discussed based on the research capacity and governmental policy. PMID:21729747

Flexible Circuits

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1986-01-01

Adflex Solutions, Inc.'s flexible circuits may be molded to the shape of a chassis for bulk reduction. Particularly valuable when circuitry must be moved. They are produced by combining a plastic film, a metallic conductor and an adhesive. One adhesive, LARC-TPI, developed by the Langley Research Center, is a thermoplastic polyimide resin used to produce laminates by Rogers Corporation. It can be processed at a lower temperature, has good moisture resistance and excellent adherence. It is used to bond film to copper foil conductor materials in flexible circuits. The circuits have both aerospace and commercial applications.

Implantable neurotechnologies: a review of integrated circuit neural amplifiers.

PubMed

Ng, Kian Ann; Greenwald, Elliot; Xu, Yong Ping; Thakor, Nitish V

2016-01-01

Neural signal recording is critical in modern day neuroscience research and emerging neural prosthesis programs. Neural recording requires the use of precise, low-noise amplifier systems to acquire and condition the weak neural signals that are transduced through electrode interfaces. Neural amplifiers and amplifier-based systems are available commercially or can be designed in-house and fabricated using integrated circuit (IC) technologies, resulting in very large-scale integration or application-specific integrated circuit solutions. IC-based neural amplifiers are now used to acquire untethered/portable neural recordings, as they meet the requirements of a miniaturized form factor, light weight and low power consumption. Furthermore, such miniaturized and low-power IC neural amplifiers are now being used in emerging implantable neural prosthesis technologies. This review focuses on neural amplifier-based devices and is presented in two interrelated parts. First, neural signal recording is reviewed, and practical challenges are highlighted. Current amplifier designs with increased functionality and performance and without penalties in chip size and power are featured. Second, applications of IC-based neural amplifiers in basic science experiments (e.g., cortical studies using animal models), neural prostheses (e.g., brain/nerve machine interfaces) and treatment of neuronal diseases (e.g., DBS for treatment of epilepsy) are highlighted. The review concludes with future outlooks of this technology and important challenges with regard to neural signal amplification.

Implantable neurotechnologies: a review of integrated circuit neural amplifiers

PubMed Central

Greenwald, Elliot; Xu, Yong Ping; Thakor, Nitish V.

2016-01-01

Neural signal recording is critical in modern day neuroscience research and emerging neural prosthesis programs. Neural recording requires the use of precise, low-noise amplifier systems to acquire and condition the weak neural signals that are transduced through electrode interfaces. Neural amplifiers and amplifier-based systems are available commercially or can be designed in-house and fabricated using integrated circuit (IC) technologies, resulting in very large-scale integration or application-specific integrated circuit solutions. IC-based neural amplifiers are now used to acquire untethered/portable neural recordings, as they meet the requirements of a miniaturized form factor, light weight and low power consumption. Furthermore, such miniaturized and low-power IC neural amplifiers are now being used in emerging implantable neural prosthesis technologies. This review focuses on neural amplifier-based devices and is presented in two interrelated parts. First, neural signal recording is reviewed, and practical challenges are highlighted. Current amplifier designs with increased functionality and performance and without penalties in chip size and power are featured. Second, applications of IC-based neural amplifiers in basic science experiments (e.g., cortical studies using animal models), neural prostheses (e.g., brain/nerve machine interfaces) and treatment of neuronal diseases (e.g., DBS for treatment of epilepsy) are highlighted. The review concludes with future outlooks of this technology and important challenges with regard to neural signal amplification. PMID:26798055

The Voltage Distribution Characteristics of a Hybrid Circuit Breaker During High Current Interruption

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cheng, Xian; Duan, Xiongying; Liao, Minfu; Huang, Zhihui; Luo, Yan; Zou, Jiyan

2013-08-01

Hybrid circuit breaker (HCB) technology based on a vacuum interrupter and a SF6 interrupter in series has become a new research direction because of the low-carbon requirements for high voltage switches. The vacuum interrupter has an excellent ability to deal with the steep rising part of the transient recovery voltage (TRV), while the SF6 interrupter can withstand the peak part of the voltage easily. An HCB can take advantage of the interrupters in the current interruption process. In this study, an HCB model based on the vacuum ion diffusion equations, ion density equation, and modified Cassie-Mayr arc equation is explored. A simulation platform is constructed by using a set of software called the alternative transient program (ATP). An HCB prototype is also designed, and the short circuit current is interrupted by the HCB under different action sequences of contacts. The voltage distribution of the HCB is analyzed through simulations and tests. The results demonstrate that if the vacuum interrupter withstands the initial TRV and interrupts the post-arc current first, then the recovery speed of the dielectric strength of the SF6 interrupter will be fast. The voltage distribution between two interrupters is determined by their post-arc resistance, which happens after current-zero, and subsequently, it is determined by the capacitive impedance after the post-arc current decays to zero.

Circuit Training.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nelson, Jane B.

1998-01-01

Describes a research-based activity for high school physics students in which they build an LC circuit and find its resonant frequency of oscillation using an oscilloscope. Includes a diagram of the apparatus and an explanation of the procedures. (DDR)

Effect of a Diagram on Primary Students' Understanding About Electric Circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Preston, Christine Margaret

2017-09-01

This article reports on the effect of using a diagram to develop primary students' conceptual understanding about electric circuits. Diagrammatic representations of electric circuits are used for teaching and assessment despite the absence of research on their pedagogical effectiveness with young learners. Individual interviews were used to closely analyse Years 3 and 5 (8-11-year-old) students' explanations about electric circuits. Data was collected from 20 students in the same school providing pre-, post- and delayed post-test dialogue. Students' thinking about electric circuits and changes in their explanations provide insights into the role of diagrams in understanding science concepts. Findings indicate that diagram interaction positively enhanced understanding, challenged non-scientific views and promoted scientific models of electric circuits. Differences in students' understanding about electric circuits were influenced by prior knowledge, meta-conceptual awareness and diagram conventions including a stylistic feature of the diagram used. A significant finding that students' conceptual models of electric circuits were energy rather than current based has implications for electricity instruction at the primary level.

Comparing the Robustness of High-Frequency Traveling-Wave Tube Slow-Wave Circuits

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chevalier, Christine T.; Wilson, Jeffrey D.; Kory, Carol L.

2007-01-01

A three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation software package was used to compute the cold-test parameters, phase velocity, on-axis interaction impedance, and attenuation, for several high-frequency traveling-wave tube slow-wave circuit geometries. This research effort determined the effects of variations in circuit dimensions on cold-test performance. The parameter variations were based on the tolerances of conventional micromachining techniques.

How to Measure Qualitative Understanding of DC-Circuit Phenomena--Taking a Closer Look at the External Representations of 9-Year-Olds

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kallunki, Veera

2013-01-01

Pupils' qualitative understanding of DC-circuit phenomena is reported to be weak. In numerous research reports lists of problems in understanding the functioning of simple DC-circuits have been presented. So-called mental model surveys have uncovered difficulties in different age groups, and in different phases of instruction. In this study, the…

Evaluating waste printed circuit boards recycling: Opportunities and challenges, a mini review.

PubMed

Awasthi, Abhishek Kumar; Zlamparet, Gabriel Ionut; Zeng, Xianlai; Li, Jinhui

2017-04-01

Rapid generation of waste printed circuit boards has become a very serious issue worldwide. Numerous techniques have been developed in the last decade to resolve the pollution from waste printed circuit boards, and also recover valuable metals from the waste printed circuit boards stream on a large-scale. However, these techniques have their own certain specific drawbacks that need to be rectified properly. In this review article, these recycling technologies are evaluated based on a strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis. Furthermore, it is warranted that, the substantial research is required to improve the current technologies for waste printed circuit boards recycling in the outlook of large-scale applications.

Chaos in a neural network circuit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kepler, Thomas B.; Datt, Sumeet; Meyer, Robert B.; Abott, L. F.

1990-12-01

We have constructed a neural network circuit of four clipped, high-grain, integrating operational amplifiers coupled to each other through an array of digitally programmable resistor ladders (MDACs). In addition to fixed-point and cyclic behavior, the circuit exhibits chaotic behavior with complex strange attractors which are approached through period doubling, intermittent attractor expansion and/or quasiperiodic pathways. Couplings between the nonlinear circuit elements are controlled by a computer which can automatically search through the space of couplings for interesting phenomena. We report some initial statistical results relating the behavior of the network to properties of its coupling matrix. Through these results and further research the circuit should help resolve fundamental issues concerning chaos in neural networks.

Sequencing the Connectome

PubMed Central

Zador, Anthony M.; Dubnau, Joshua; Oyibo, Hassana K.; Zhan, Huiqing; Cao, Gang; Peikon, Ian D.

2012-01-01

Connectivity determines the function of neural circuits. Historically, circuit mapping has usually been viewed as a problem of microscopy, but no current method can achieve high-throughput mapping of entire circuits with single neuron precision. Here we describe a novel approach to determining connectivity. We propose BOINC (“barcoding of individual neuronal connections”), a method for converting the problem of connectivity into a form that can be read out by high-throughput DNA sequencing. The appeal of using sequencing is that its scale—sequencing billions of nucleotides per day is now routine—is a natural match to the complexity of neural circuits. An inexpensive high-throughput technique for establishing circuit connectivity at single neuron resolution could transform neuroscience research. PMID:23109909

Interrogator system for identifying electrical circuits

DOEpatents

Jatko, W.B.; McNeilly, D.R.

1988-04-12

A system for interrogating electrical leads to correctly ascertain the identity of equipment attached to remote ends of the leads is disclosed. The system includes a source of a carrier signal generated in a controller/receiver to be sent over the leads and an identifier unit at the equipment. The identifier is activated by command of the carrier and uses a portion of the carrier to produce a supply voltage. Each identifier is uniquely programmed for a specific piece of equipment, and causes the impedance of the circuit to be modified whereby the carrier signal is modulated according to that program. The modulation can be amplitude, frequency or phase modulation. A demodulator in the controller/receiver analyzes the modulated carrier signal, and if a verified signal is recognized displays and/or records the information. This information can be utilized in a computer system to prepare a wiring diagram of the electrical equipment attached to specific leads. Specific circuit values are given for amplitude modulation, and the system is particularly described for use with thermocouples. 6 figs.

Interrogator system for identifying electrical circuits

DOEpatents

Jatko, William B.; McNeilly, David R.

1988-01-01

A system for interrogating electrical leads to correctly ascertain the identity of equipment attached to remote ends of the leads. The system includes a source of a carrier signal generated in a controller/receiver to be sent over the leads and an identifier unit at the equipment. The identifier is activated by command of the carrier and uses a portion of the carrier to produce a supply voltage. Each identifier is uniquely programmed for a specific piece of equipment, and causes the impedance of the circuit to be modified whereby the carrier signal is modulated according to that program. The modulation can be amplitude, frequency or phase modulation. A demodulator in the controller/receiver analyzes the modulated carrier signal, and if a verified signal is recognized displays and/or records the information. This information can be utilized in a computer system to prepare a wiring diagram of the electrical equipment attached to specific leads. Specific circuit values are given for amplitude modulation, and the system is particularly described for use with thermocouples.

Transient Analysis Generator /TAG/ simulates behavior of large class of electrical networks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thomas, W. J.

1967-01-01

Transient Analysis Generator program simulates both transient and dc steady-state behavior of a large class of electrical networks. It generates a special analysis program for each circuit described in an easily understood and manipulated programming language. A generator or preprocessor and a simulation system make up the TAG system.

77 FR 28601 - Announcement of an Opportunity for Manufacturers and Designers of Closed Circuit Escape...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-15

... Correlation Test Program are not applicable as pre-test data for a respirator approval application. DATES: The... Performance Testing Within a Correlation Test Program Offered by the National Institute for Occupational...: Notice. SUMMARY: The purpose of this notice is to announce a Correlation Test Program offered by NIOSH...

RLE progress report no. 133, 1 January - 31 December 1990

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Allen, Jonathan; Kleppner, Daniel; Ziegler, Mary J. (Editor); Passero, Barbara (Editor)

1990-01-01

Activities of the Research Laboratory of Electronics at MIT are summarized. NASA-sponsored research in the area of synthetic aperture radar image interpretation and simulation is described. Other government-sponsored and industry-sponsored studies are also described which address the following topics: microwave and millimeter wave integrated circuits, high-speed integrated circuit interconnects, Instrument Landing System/Microwave Landing System frequency management assessment, and superconducting electronics.

To Compare the Effects of Computer Based Learning and the Laboratory Based Learning on Students' Achievement Regarding Electric Circuits

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bayrak, Bekir; Kanli, Uygar; Kandil Ingeç, Sebnem

2007-01-01

In this study, the research problem was: "Is the computer based physics instruction as effective as laboratory intensive physics instruction with regards to academic success on electric circuits 9th grade students?" For this research of experimental quality the design of pre-test and post-test are applied with an experiment and a control…

Transistor Level Circuit Experiments using Evolvable Hardware

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stoica, A.; Zebulum, R. S.; Keymeulen, D.; Ferguson, M. I.; Daud, Taher; Thakoor, A.

2005-01-01

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) performs research in fault tolerant, long life, and space survivable electronics for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). With that focus, JPL has been involved in Evolvable Hardware (EHW) technology research for the past several years. We have advanced the technology not only by simulation and evolution experiments, but also by designing, fabricating, and evolving a variety of transistor-based analog and digital circuits at the chip level. EHW refers to self-configuration of electronic hardware by evolutionary/genetic search mechanisms, thereby maintaining existing functionality in the presence of degradations due to aging, temperature, and radiation. In addition, EHW has the capability to reconfigure itself for new functionality when required for mission changes or encountered opportunities. Evolution experiments are performed using a genetic algorithm running on a DSP as the reconfiguration mechanism and controlling the evolvable hardware mounted on a self-contained circuit board. Rapid reconfiguration allows convergence to circuit solutions in the order of seconds. The paper illustrates hardware evolution results of electronic circuits and their ability to perform under 230 C temperature as well as radiations of up to 250 kRad.

Ferroelectric Field-Effect Transistor Differential Amplifier Circuit Analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Phillips, Thomas A.; MacLeod, Todd C.; Ho, Fat D.

2008-01-01

There has been considerable research investigating the Ferroelectric Field-Effect Transistor (FeFET) in memory circuits. However, very little research has been performed in applying the FeFET to analog circuits. This paper investigates the use of FeFETs in a common analog circuit, the differential amplifier. The two input Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) transistors in a general MOS differential amplifier circuit are replaced with FeFETs. Resistors are used in place of the other three MOS transistors. The FeFET model used in the analysis has been previously reported and was based on experimental device data. Because of the FeFET hysteresis, the FeFET differential amplifier has four different operating modes depending on whether the FeFETs are positively or negatively polarized. The FeFET differential amplifier operation in the different modes was analyzed by calculating the amplifier voltage transfer and gain characteristics shown in figures 2 through 5. Comparisons were made between the FeFET differential amplifier and the standard MOS differential amplifier. Possible applications and benefits of the FeFET differential amplifier are discussed.

Research on laser detonation pulse circuit with low-power based on super capacitor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Hao-yu; Hong, Jin; He, Aifeng; Jing, Bo; Cao, Chun-qiang; Ma, Yue; Chu, En-yi; Hu, Ya-dong

2018-03-01

According to the demand of laser initiating device miniaturization and low power consumption of weapon system, research on the low power pulse laser detonation circuit with super capacitor. Established a dynamic model of laser output based on super capacitance storage capacity, discharge voltage and programmable output pulse width. The output performance of the super capacitor under different energy storage capacity and discharge voltage is obtained by simulation. The experimental test system was set up, and the laser diode of low power pulsed laser detonation circuit was tested and the laser output waveform of laser diode in different energy storage capacity and discharge voltage was collected. Experiments show that low power pulse laser detonation based on super capacitor energy storage circuit discharge with high efficiency, good transient performance, for a low power consumption requirement, for laser detonation system and low power consumption and provide reference light miniaturization of engineering practice.

Research on Mechanical Fault Prediction Algorithm for Circuit Breaker Based on Sliding Time Window and ANN

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Xiaohua; Rong, Mingzhe; Qiu, Juan; Liu, Dingxin; Su, Biao; Wu, Yi

A new type of algorithm for predicting the mechanical faults of a vacuum circuit breaker (VCB) based on an artificial neural network (ANN) is proposed in this paper. There are two types of mechanical faults in a VCB: operation mechanism faults and tripping circuit faults. An angle displacement sensor is used to measure the main axle angle displacement which reflects the displacement of the moving contact, to obtain the state of the operation mechanism in the VCB, while a Hall current sensor is used to measure the trip coil current, which reflects the operation state of the tripping circuit. Then an ANN prediction algorithm based on a sliding time window is proposed in this paper and successfully used to predict mechanical faults in a VCB. The research results in this paper provide a theoretical basis for the realization of online monitoring and fault diagnosis of a VCB.

Development of a digital solar simulator based on full-bridge converter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Chen; Feng, Jian; Liu, Zhilong; Tong, Weichao; Ji, Yibo

2014-02-01

With the development of solar photovoltaic, distribution schemes utilized in power grid had been commonly application, and photovoltaic (PV) inverter is an essential equipment in grid. In this paper, a digital solar simulator based on full-bridge structure is presented. The output characteristic curve of system is electrically similar to silicon solar cells, which can greatly simplify research methods of PV inverter, improve the efficiency of research and development. The proposed simulator consists on a main control board based on TM320F28335, phase-shifted zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) DC-DC full-bridge converter and voltage and current sampling circuit, that allows emulating the voltage-current curve with the open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 900V and the short-circuit current (Isc) of 18A .When the system connected to a PV inverter, the inverter can quickly track from the open-circuit to the maximum power point and keep stability.

A new kind of universal smart home security safety monitoring system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Biqing; Li, Zhao

2018-04-01

With the current level of social development, improved quality of life, existence and security issues of law and order has become an important issue. This graduation project adopts the form of wireless transmission, to STC89C52 microcontroller as the host control human infrared induction anti-theft monitoring system. The system mainly consists of main control circuit, power supply circuit, activities of the human body detection module, sound and light alarm circuit, record and display circuit. The main function is to achieve exploration activities on the human body, then the information is transmitted to the control panel, according to the system microcontroller program control sound and light alarm circuit, while recording the alarm location and time, and always check the record as required, and ultimately achieve the purpose of monitoring. The advantage of using pyroelectric infrared sensor can be installed in a hidden place, not easy to find, and low cost, good detection results, and has broad prospects for development.

A programmable CCD driver circuit for multiphase CCD operation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ewin, Audrey J.; Reed, Kenneth V.

1989-01-01

A programmable CCD (charge-coupled device) driver circuit was designed to drive CCDs in multiphased modes. The purpose of the drive electronics is to operate developmental CCD imaging arrays for NASA's tiltable moderate resolution imaging spectrometer (MODIS-T). Five objectives for the driver were considered during its design: (1) the circuit drives CCD electrode voltages between 0 V and +30 V to produce reasonable potential wells, (2) the driving sequence is started with one input signal, (3) the driving sequence is started with one input signal, (4) the circuit allows programming of frame sequences required by arrays of any size, (5) it produces interfacing signals for the CCD and the DTF (detector test facility). Simulation of the driver verified its function with the master clock running up to 10 MHz. This suggests a maximum rate of 400,000 pixels/s. Timing and packaging parameters were verified. The design uses 54 TTL (transistor-transistor logic) chips. Two versions of hardware were fabricated: wirewrap and printed circuit board. Both were verified functionally with a logic analyzer.

Computational modeling of stuttering caused by impairments in a basal ganglia thalamo-cortical circuit involved in syllable selection and initiation

PubMed Central

Civier, Oren; Bullock, Daniel; Max, Ludo; Guenther, Frank H.

2013-01-01

A typical white-matter integrity and elevated dopamine levels have been reported for individuals who stutter. We investigated how such abnormalities may lead to speech dysfluencies due to their effects on a syllable-sequencing circuit that consists of basal ganglia (BG), thalamus, and left ventral premotor cortex (vPMC). “Neurally impaired” versions of the neurocomputational speech production model GODIVA were utilized to test two hypotheses: (1) that white-matter abnormalities disturb the circuit via corticostriatal projections carrying copies of executed motor commands, and (2) that dopaminergic abnormalities disturb the circuit via the striatum. Simulation results support both hypotheses: in both scenarios, the neural abnormalities delay readout of the next syllable’s motor program, leading to dysfluency. The results also account for brain imaging findings during dysfluent speech. It is concluded that each of the two abnormality types can cause stuttering moments, probably by affecting the same BG-thalamus-vPMC circuit. PMID:23872286

Fast modeling of flux trapping cascaded explosively driven magnetic flux compression generators.

PubMed

Wang, Yuwei; Zhang, Jiande; Chen, Dongqun; Cao, Shengguang; Li, Da; Liu, Chebo

2013-01-01

To predict the performance of flux trapping cascaded flux compression generators, a calculation model based on an equivalent circuit is investigated. The system circuit is analyzed according to its operation characteristics in different steps. Flux conservation coefficients are added to the driving terms of circuit differential equations to account for intrinsic flux losses. To calculate the currents in the circuit by solving the circuit equations, a simple zero-dimensional model is used to calculate the time-varying inductance and dc resistance of the generator. Then a fast computer code is programmed based on this calculation model. As an example, a two-staged flux trapping generator is simulated by using this computer code. Good agreements are achieved by comparing the simulation results with the measurements. Furthermore, it is obvious that this fast calculation model can be easily applied to predict performances of other flux trapping cascaded flux compression generators with complex structures such as conical stator or conical armature sections and so on for design purpose.

Analysis of the capability to effectively design complementary metal oxide semiconductor integrated circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McConkey, M. L.

1984-12-01

A complete CMOS/BULK design cycle has been implemented and fully tested to evaluate its effectiveness and a viable set of computer-aided design tools for the layout, verification, and simulation of CMOS/BULK integrated circuits. This design cycle is good for p-well, n-well, or twin-well structures, although current fabrication technique available limit this to p-well only. BANE, an integrated layout program from Stanford, is at the center of this design cycle and was shown to be simple to use in the layout of CMOS integrated circuits (it can be also used to layout NMOS integrated circuits). A flowchart was developed showing the design cycle from initial layout, through design verification, and to circuit simulation using NETLIST, PRESIM, and RNL from the University of Washington. A CMOS/BULK library was designed and includes logic gates that were designed and completely tested by following this flowchart. Also designed was an arithmetic logic unit as a more complex test of the CMOS/BULK design cycle.

Comparing SiGe HBT Amplifier Circuits for Fast Single-shot Spin Readout

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

England, Troy; Curry, Matthew; Carr, Stephen; Mounce, Andrew; Jock, Ryan; Sharma, Peter; Bureau-Oxton, Chloe; Rudolph, Martin; Hardin, Terry; Carroll, Malcolm

Fast, low-power quantum state readout is one of many challenges facing quantum information processing. Single electron transistors (SETs) are potentially fast, sensitive detectors for performing spin readout. From a circuit perspective, however, their output impedance and nonlinear conductance are ill suited to drive the parasitic capacitance of coaxial conductors used in cryogenic environments, necessitating a cryogenic amplification stage. We will compare two amplifiers based on single-transistor circuits implemented with silicon germanium heterojunction bipolar transistors. Both amplifiers provide gain at low power levels, but the dynamics of each circuit vary significantly. We will explore the gain mechanisms, linearity, and noise of each circuit and explain the situations in which each amplifier is best used. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed-Martin Company, for the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000.

Circuit courts clash over HIV in the workplace.

PubMed

1997-09-19

Some of the major differences of opinions between the circuit courts on issues affecting HIV and employment are examined. In the seven years since the passing of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), there has been disagreement among the circuits relative to the interpretation of the law. At the heart of the debate is whether or not HIV infection, without symptoms of AIDS, actually qualifies for a disability under the meaning and intent of the ADA. Another fundamental issue is whether or not reproduction is considered a major life activity under the ADA. Federal circuit courts have also considered what happens to patients in the latter stages of HIV diseases, when symptoms are so pronounced that he or she qualifies for disability benefits including Social Security or private disability plans. There is disagreement among the circuits as to whether insurance products, including those provided through an employee benefit program, are covered under the ADA. As of this date, the U.S. Supreme Court has not intervened on any of the HIV/ADA-related cases.

Very high speed integrated circuits - Into the second generation. V - The issues of standardization and technology insertion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martin, J.

1982-04-01

It is shown that the fulfillment of very high speed integrated circuit (VHSIC) device development goals entails the restructuring of military electronics acquisition policy, standardization which produces the maximum number of systems and subsystems by means of the minimum number of flexible, broad-purpose, high-power semiconductors, and especially the standardization of bus structures incorporating a priorization system. It is expected that the Design Specification Handbook currently under preparation by the VHSIC program office of the DOD will make the design of such systems a task whose complexity is comparable to that of present integrated circuit electronics.

NASA Communications Division (NASCOM) Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) shuttle multiplexer-demultiplexer data system (MDM) and supporting items

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

New, S. R.

1981-01-01

The multiplexer-demultiplexer (MDM) project included the design, documentation, manufacture, and testing of three MDM Data Systems. The equipment is contained in 59 racks, and includes more than 3,000 circuit boards and 600 microprocessors. Spares, circuit card testers, a master set of programmable integrated circuits, and a program development system were included as deliverables. All three MDM's were installed, and were operationally tested. The systems performed well with no major problems. The progress and problems analysis, addresses schedule conformance, new technology, items awaiting government approval, and project conclusions are summarized. All contract modifications are described.

NASA Communications Division (NASCOM) Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) shuttle multiplexer-demultiplexer data system (MDM) and supporting items

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

New, S. R.

1981-06-01

The multiplexer-demultiplexer (MDM) project included the design, documentation, manufacture, and testing of three MDM Data Systems. The equipment is contained in 59 racks, and includes more than 3,000 circuit boards and 600 microprocessors. Spares, circuit card testers, a master set of programmable integrated circuits, and a program development system were included as deliverables. All three MDM's were installed, and were operationally tested. The systems performed well with no major problems. The progress and problems analysis, addresses schedule conformance, new technology, items awaiting government approval, and project conclusions are summarized. All contract modifications are described.

Peptide Logic Circuits Based on Chemoenzymatic Ligation for Programmable Cell Apoptosis.

PubMed

Li, Yong; Sun, Sujuan; Fan, Lin; Hu, Shanfang; Huang, Yan; Zhang, Ke; Nie, Zhou; Yao, Shouzhou

2017-11-20

A novel and versatile peptide-based bio-logic system capable of regulating cell function is developed using sortase A (SrtA), a peptide ligation enzyme, as a generic processor. By modular peptide design, we demonstrate that mammalian cells apoptosis can be programmed by peptide-based logic operations, including binary and combination gates (AND, INHIBIT, OR, and AND-INHIBIT), and a complex sequential logic circuit (multi-input keypad lock). Moreover, a proof-of-concept peptide regulatory circuit was developed to analyze the expression profile of cell-secreted protein biomarkers and trigger cancer-cell-specific apoptosis. © 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Probabilistic switching circuits in DNA

PubMed Central

Wilhelm, Daniel; Bruck, Jehoshua

2018-01-01

A natural feature of molecular systems is their inherent stochastic behavior. A fundamental challenge related to the programming of molecular information processing systems is to develop a circuit architecture that controls the stochastic states of individual molecular events. Here we present a systematic implementation of probabilistic switching circuits, using DNA strand displacement reactions. Exploiting the intrinsic stochasticity of molecular interactions, we developed a simple, unbiased DNA switch: An input signal strand binds to the switch and releases an output signal strand with probability one-half. Using this unbiased switch as a molecular building block, we designed DNA circuits that convert an input signal to an output signal with any desired probability. Further, this probability can be switched between 2n different values by simply varying the presence or absence of n distinct DNA molecules. We demonstrated several DNA circuits that have multiple layers and feedback, including a circuit that converts an input strand to an output strand with eight different probabilities, controlled by the combination of three DNA molecules. These circuits combine the advantages of digital and analog computation: They allow a small number of distinct input molecules to control a diverse signal range of output molecules, while keeping the inputs robust to noise and the outputs at precise values. Moreover, arbitrarily complex circuit behaviors can be implemented with just a single type of molecular building block. PMID:29339484

QDENSITY—A Mathematica Quantum Computer simulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Juliá-Díaz, Bruno; Burdis, Joseph M.; Tabakin, Frank

2006-06-01

This Mathematica 5.2 package is a simulation of a Quantum Computer. The program provides a modular, instructive approach for generating the basic elements that make up a quantum circuit. The main emphasis is on using the density matrix, although an approach using state vectors is also implemented in the package. The package commands are defined in Qdensity.m which contains the tools needed in quantum circuits, e.g., multiqubit kets, projectors, gates, etc. Selected examples of the basic commands are presented here and a tutorial notebook, Tutorial.nb is provided with the package (available on our website) that serves as a full guide to the package. Finally, application is made to a variety of relevant cases, including Teleportation, Quantum Fourier transform, Grover's search and Shor's algorithm, in separate notebooks: QFT.nb, Teleportation.nb, Grover.nb and Shor.nb where each algorithm is explained in detail. Finally, two examples of the construction and manipulation of cluster states, which are part of "one way computing" ideas, are included as an additional tool in the notebook Cluster.nb. A Mathematica palette containing most commands in QDENSITY is also included: QDENSpalette.nb. Program summaryTitle of program: QDENSITY Catalogue identifier: ADXH_v1_0 Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADXH_v1_0 Program available from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University of Belfast, N. Ireland Operating systems: Any which supports Mathematica; tested under Microsoft Windows XP, Macintosh OS X, and Linux FC4 Programming language used: Mathematica 5.2 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 180 581 No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 19 382 Distribution format: tar.gz Method of solution: A Mathematica package is provided which contains commands to create and analyze quantum circuits. Several Mathematica notebooks containing relevant examples: Teleportation, Shor's Algorithm and Grover's search are explained in detail. A tutorial, Tutorial.nb is also enclosed. QDENSITY is available at http://www.pitt.edu/~tabakin/QDENSITY.

Integrated Circuit Immunity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sketoe, J. G.; Clark, Anthony

2000-01-01

This paper presents a DOD E3 program overview on integrated circuit immunity. The topics include: 1) EMI Immunity Testing; 2) Threshold Definition; 3) Bias Tee Function; 4) Bias Tee Calibration Set-Up; 5) EDM Test Figure; 6) EMI Immunity Levels; 7) NAND vs. and Gate Immunity; 8) TTL vs. LS Immunity Levels; 9) TP vs. OC Immunity Levels; 10) 7805 Volt Reg Immunity; and 11) Seventies Chip Set. This paper is presented in viewgraph form.

Report on phase 1 of the Microprocessor Seminar. [and associated large scale integration

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1977-01-01

Proceedings of a seminar on microprocessors and associated large scale integrated (LSI) circuits are presented. The potential for commonality of device requirements, candidate processes and mechanisms for qualifying candidate LSI technologies for high reliability applications, and specifications for testing and testability were among the topics discussed. Various programs and tentative plans of the participating organizations in the development of high reliability LSI circuits are given.

BATTERIES AND BULBS, BOOK 1, CIRCUITS I, AN EARLY EXPLORATION OF ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS AND MAGNETS.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

1966

THIS TRIAL EDITION OF A TEACHING GUIDE IS INTENDED TO PROVIDE RESOURCE MATERIAL FOR AN INTRODUCTORY STUDY OF ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM, AND IS NUMBER ONE OF A SERIES OF FOUR. IT IS SUITABLE FOR USE AT VARIOUS LEVELS FROM GRADES 2-10. THE FOUR VOLUMES PRESENT ACTIVITIES SUFFICIENT FOR A PROGRAM OF FROM 5 TO 40 WEEKS, DEPENDING UPON EXTENT OF USE…

The J3 SCR model applied to resonant converter simulation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Avant, R. L.; Lee, F. C. Y.

1985-01-01

The J3 SCR model is a continuous topology computer model for the SCR. Its circuit analog and parameter estimation procedure are uniformly applicable to popular computer-aided design and analysis programs such as SPICE2 and SCEPTRE. The circuit analog is based on the intrinsic three pn junction structure of the SCR. The parameter estimation procedure requires only manufacturer's specification sheet quantities as a data base.

T-111 Rankine system corrosion test loop, volume 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harrison, R. W.; Hoffman, E. E.; Smith, J. P.

1975-01-01

Results are given of a program whose objective was to determine the performance of refractory metal alloys in a two loop Rankine test system. The test system consisted of a circulating lithium circuit heated to 1230 C maximum transferring heat to a boiling potassium circuit with a 1170 C superheated vapor temperature. The results demonstrate the suitability of the selected refractory alloys to perform from a chemical compatibility standpoint.

THRESHOLD LOGIC IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

DTIC Science & Technology

COMPUTER LOGIC, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE , BIONICS, GEOMETRY, INPUT OUTPUT DEVICES, LINEAR PROGRAMMING, MATHEMATICAL LOGIC, MATHEMATICAL PREDICTION, NETWORKS, PATTERN RECOGNITION, PROBABILITY, SWITCHING CIRCUITS, SYNTHESIS

Catalytic nucleic acids (DNAzymes) as functional units for logic gates and computing circuits: from basic principles to practical applications.

PubMed

Orbach, Ron; Willner, Bilha; Willner, Itamar

2015-03-11

This feature article addresses the implementation of catalytic nucleic acids as functional units for the construction of logic gates and computing circuits, and discusses the future applications of these systems. The assembly of computational modules composed of DNAzymes has led to the operation of a universal set of logic gates, to field programmable logic gates and computing circuits, to the development of multiplexers/demultiplexers, and to full-adder systems. Also, DNAzyme cascades operating as logic gates and computing circuits were demonstrated. DNAzyme logic systems find important practical applications. These include the use of DNAzyme-based systems for sensing and multiplexed analyses, for the development of controlled release and drug delivery systems, for regulating intracellular biosynthetic pathways, and for the programmed synthesis and operation of cascades.

Measuring technical and mathematical investigation of multiple reignitions at the switching of a motor using vacuum circuit breakers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Luxa, Andreas

The necessary conditions in switching system and vacuum circuit breaker for the occurrence of multiple re-ignitions and accompanying effects were examined. The shape of the occurring voltages was determined in relationship to other types of overvoltage. A phenomenological model of the arc, based on an extension of the Mayr equation for arcs was used with the simulation program NETOMAC for the switching transients. Factors which affect the arc parameters were analyzed. The results were statistically verified by 3000 three-phase switching tests on 3 standard vacuum circuit breakers under realistic systems conditions; the occurring overvoltage level was measured. Dimensioning criteria for motor simulation circuits in power plants were formulated on the basis of a theoretical equivalence analysis and experimental studies. The simulation model allows a sufficiently correct estimation of all effects.

The opportunities and challenges of large-scale molecular approaches to songbird neurobiology

PubMed Central

Mello, C.V.; Clayton, D.F.

2014-01-01

High-through put methods for analyzing genome structure and function are having a large impact in song-bird neurobiology. Methods include genome sequencing and annotation, comparative genomics, DNA microarrays and transcriptomics, and the development of a brain atlas of gene expression. Key emerging findings include the identification of complex transcriptional programs active during singing, the robust brain expression of non-coding RNAs, evidence of profound variations in gene expression across brain regions, and the identification of molecular specializations within song production and learning circuits. Current challenges include the statistical analysis of large datasets, effective genome curations, the efficient localization of gene expression changes to specific neuronal circuits and cells, and the dissection of behavioral and environmental factors that influence brain gene expression. The field requires efficient methods for comparisons with organisms like chicken, which offer important anatomical, functional and behavioral contrasts. As sequencing costs plummet, opportunities emerge for comparative approaches that may help reveal evolutionary transitions contributing to vocal learning, social behavior and other properties that make songbirds such compelling research subjects. PMID:25280907

Gas electron multiplier (GEM) foil test, repair and effective gain calculation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tahir, Muhammad; Zubair, Muhammad; Khan, Tufail A.; Khan, Ashfaq; Malook, Asad

2018-06-01

The focus of my research is based on the gas electron multiplier (GEM) foil test, repairing and effective gain calculation of GEM detector. During my research work define procedure of GEM foil testing short-circuit, detection short-circuits in the foil. Study different ways to remove the short circuits in the foils. Set and define the GEM foil testing procedures in the open air, and with nitrogen gas. Measure the leakage current of the foil and applying different voltages with specified step size. Define the Quality Control (QC) tests and different components of GEM detectors before assembly. Calculate the effective gain of GEM detectors using 109Cd and 55Fe radioactive source.

Fabrication techniques and applications of flexible graphene-based electronic devices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Luqi, Tao; Danyang, Wang; Song, Jiang; Ying, Liu; Qianyi, Xie; He, Tian; Ningqin, Deng; Xuefeng, Wang; Yi, Yang; Tian-Ling, Ren

2016-04-01

In recent years, flexible electronic devices have become a hot topic of scientific research. These flexible devices are the basis of flexible circuits, flexible batteries, flexible displays and electronic skins. Graphene-based materials are very promising for flexible electronic devices, due to their high mobility, high elasticity, a tunable band gap, quantum electronic transport and high mechanical strength. In this article, we review the recent progress of the fabrication process and the applications of graphene-based electronic devices, including thermal acoustic devices, thermal rectifiers, graphene-based nanogenerators, pressure sensors and graphene-based light-emitting diodes. In summary, although there are still a lot of challenges needing to be solved, graphene-based materials are very promising for various flexible device applications in the future. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 60936002, 61025021, 61434001, 61574083), the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China (No. 2015CB352100), the National Key Project of Science and Technology (No. 2011ZX02403-002) and the Special Fund for Agroscientific Research in the Public Interest of China (No. 201303107). M.A.M is additionally supported by the Postdoctoral Fellowship (PDF) Program of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada and China's Postdoctoral Science Foundation (CPSF).

Automatic arc welding of propulsion system tubing in close proximity to sensitive electronic devices

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lumsden, J. M.; Whittlesey, A. C.

1981-01-01

The planned final assembly of the Galileo spacecraft propulsion system tubing, which involves welding in close proximity to sensitive electronics, raised significant concerns about the effects of electromagnetic coupling of weld energy on CMOS and other sensitive integrated circuits. A test program was established to assess the potential of an orbital arc welder and an RF-induction brazing machine to damage sensitive electronic equipment. Test parameters were varied to assess the effectiveness of typical transient suppression practices such as grounding, bonding, and shielding. A technique was developed to calibrate the hazard levels at the victim-circuit location; this technique is described along with the results and conclusions of the test program.

Synaptic plasticity and oscillation at zinc tin oxide/silver oxide interfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Murdoch, Billy J.; McCulloch, Dougal G.; Partridge, James G.

2017-02-01

Short-term plasticity, long-term potentiation, and pulse interval dependent plasticity learning/memory functions have been observed in junctions between amorphous zinc-tin-oxide and silver-oxide. The same junctions exhibited current-controlled negative differential resistance and when connected in an appropriate circuit, they behaved as relaxation oscillators. These oscillators produced voltage pulses suitable for device programming. Transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and electrical measurements suggest that the characteristics of these junctions arise from Ag+/O- electromigration across a highly resistive interface layer. With memory/learning functions and programming spikes provided in a single device structure, arrays of similar devices could be used to form transistor-free neuromorphic circuits.

Automated processing of dynamic properties of intraventricular pressure by computer program and electronic circuit.

PubMed

Adler, D; Mahler, Y

1980-04-01

A procedure for automatic detection and digital processing of the maximum first derivative of the intraventricular pressure (dp/dtmax), time to dp/dtmax(t - dp/dt) and beat-to-beat intervals have been developed. The procedure integrates simple electronic circuits with a short program using a simple algorithm for the detection of the points of interest. The tasks of differentiating the pressure signal and detecting the onset of contraction were done by electronics, while the tasks of finding the values of dp/dtmax, t - dp/dt, beat-to-beat intervals and all computations needed were done by software. Software/hardware 'trade off' considerations and the accuracy and reliability of the system are discussed.

A Conversion of Wheatstone Bridge to Current-Loop Signal Conditioning for Strain Gages

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Anderson, Karl F.

1995-01-01

Current loop circuitry replaced Wheatstone bridge circuitry to signal-condition strain gage transducers in more than 350 data channels for two different test programs at NASA Dryden Flight Research Center. The uncorrected test data from current loop circuitry had a lower noise level than data from comparable Wheatstone bridge circuitry, were linear with respect to gage-resistance change, and were uninfluenced by varying lead-wire resistance. The current loop channels were easier for the technicians to set up, verify, and operate than equivalent Wheatstone bridge channels. Design choices and circuit details are presented in this paper in addition to operational experience.

Modeling of power electronic systems with EMTP

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tam, Kwa-Sur; Dravid, Narayan V.

1989-01-01

In view of the potential impact of power electronics on power systems, there is need for a computer modeling/analysis tool to perform simulation studies on power systems with power electronic components as well as to educate engineering students about such systems. The modeling of the major power electronic components of the NASA Space Station Freedom Electric Power System is described along with ElectroMagnetic Transients Program (EMTP) and it is demonstrated that EMTP can serve as a very useful tool for teaching, design, analysis, and research in the area of power systems with power electronic components. EMTP modeling of power electronic circuits is described and simulation results are presented.

Microwave monolithic integrated circuit-related metrology at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reeve, Gerome; Marks, Roger; Blackburn, David

1990-12-01

How the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) interacts with the GaAs community and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) initiative is described. The organization of a joint industry and government laboratory consortium for MMIC-related metrology research is described along with some of the initial technical developments at NIST done in support of the consortium.

Spontaneous network activity and synaptic development

PubMed Central

Kerschensteiner, Daniel

2014-01-01

Throughout development, the nervous system produces patterned spontaneous activity. Research over the last two decades has revealed a core group of mechanisms that mediate spontaneous activity in diverse circuits. Many circuits engage several of these mechanisms sequentially to accommodate developmental changes in connectivity. In addition to shared mechanisms, activity propagates through developing circuits and neuronal pathways (i.e. linked circuits in different brain areas) in stereotypic patterns. Increasing evidence suggests that spontaneous network activity shapes synaptic development in vivo. Variations in activity-dependent plasticity may explain how similar mechanisms and patterns of activity can be employed to establish diverse circuits. Here, I will review common mechanisms and patterns of spontaneous activity in emerging neural networks and discuss recent insights into their contribution to synaptic development. PMID:24280071

REPORT OF JOINT PLANNING COMMITTEE FOR MORE EFFECTIVE SCHOOLS TO THE SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'DALY, ELIZABETH C.

THE MORE EFFECTIVE SCHOOLS PROGRAM WILL BE INSTIGATED PRINCIPALLY IN INTEGRATED URBAN SCHOOLS. THE PROGRAM WILL INCLUDE A PREKINDERGARTEN AND NONGRADED PRIMARIES USING THE BEST MATERIALS ADAPTED FOR URBAN USE, INCLUDING CLOSED CIRCUIT TV AS AN AUDIOVISUAL AID. THIS EARLY CHILDHOOD PROGRAM PROVIDES FOR ACCELERATION AS WELL AS REMEDIAL INSTRUCTION.…

"ONCE UPON A DAY," A SERIES OF VIDEOTAPED TELEVISION PROGRAMS FOR CHILDREN.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

NATHANSON, NORBERT H.

THIS BOOKLET DESCRIBES "ONCE UPON A DAY," AN EDUCATIONAL TELEVISION SERIES FOR CHILDREN AGED 4 TO 7. THE PROGRAM IS AVAILABLE AT NO COST TO ALL NEW YORK STATE EDUCATIONAL TELEVISION STATIONS, CLOSED CIRCUIT AND 2500 MEGACYCLES AND COMMUNITY ANTENNA SYSTEMS SERVING NEW YORK SCHOOLS. THE PROGRAM PRESENTS USEFUL CONCEPTS AND INFORMATION IN…

Microcprocessing Computer Technician, Digital and Microprocessor Technician Program. Post-Graduate 5th Year.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carangelo, Pasquale R.; Janeczek, Anthony J.

Materials are provided for a two-semester digital and microprocessor technician postgraduate program. Prerequisites stated for the program include a background in DC and AC theory, solid state devices, basic circuit fundamentals, and basic math. A chronology of major topics and a listing of course objectives appear first. Theory outlines for each…

Effect of startup circuit exercise on derivatives reactive oxygen metabolites, biological antioxidant potential levels and physical fitness of adolescents boys with intellectual disabilities.

PubMed

Kim, Chang-Gyun; Lee, Jin-Seok

2016-10-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of starup circuit exercise program on derivatives reactive oxygen metabolite (d-ROM) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) levels and physical fitness of adolescents with intellectual disabilities, and to sugesst exercise programs to promote the health and physical development of such adolescents. Twelve students with intellectual disabilities were divided into two groups; circuit exercise group (CE group: n=6; age, 14.83±0.98 years; height, 163.83±5.78 cm; body mass, 67.08±3.32 kg; %Fat, 25.68±2.42), control group (CON group: n=6; age: 15.00±0.63 years; height, 162.33±4.41 cm; body mass, 67.50±3.62 kg; %Fat, 26.96±2.06). The CE group performed the CE program 4 times a week over a 12-week period. The CON group maintained their activities of daily living. The following were measured before and after intervention: physical fitness by before and after the completion of the training programm, and were measured and blood samples were assessed. The results of the study indicate that the 12-week CE program increased significantly physical fitness ( P <0.05). Furthermore, This study proved that the CE program improved physical fitness, and reduced the d-ROM levels, and increased the BAP levels of the adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Therefore, it may enhance the health and physical development of adolescents boys with intellectual disabilities.

On-line diagnosis of inter-turn short circuit fault for DC brushed motor.

PubMed

Zhang, Jiayuan; Zhan, Wei; Ehsani, Mehrdad

2018-06-01

Extensive research effort has been made in fault diagnosis of motors and related components such as winding and ball bearing. In this paper, a new concept of inter-turn short circuit fault for DC brushed motors is proposed to include the short circuit ratio and short circuit resistance. A first-principle model is derived for motors with inter-turn short circuit fault. A statistical model based on Hidden Markov Model is developed for fault diagnosis purpose. This new method not only allows detection of motor winding short circuit fault, it can also provide estimation of the fault severity, as indicated by estimation of the short circuit ratio and the short circuit resistance. The estimated fault severity can be used for making appropriate decisions in response to the fault condition. The feasibility of the proposed methodology is studied for inter-turn short circuit of DC brushed motors using simulation in MATLAB/Simulink environment. In addition, it is shown that the proposed methodology is reliable with the presence of small random noise in the system parameters and measurement. Copyright © 2018 ISA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Qualitative models and experimental investigation of chaotic NOR gates and set/reset flip-flops

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rahman, Aminur; Jordan, Ian; Blackmore, Denis

2018-01-01

It has been observed through experiments and SPICE simulations that logical circuits based upon Chua's circuit exhibit complex dynamical behaviour. This behaviour can be used to design analogues of more complex logic families and some properties can be exploited for electronics applications. Some of these circuits have been modelled as systems of ordinary differential equations. However, as the number of components in newer circuits increases so does the complexity. This renders continuous dynamical systems models impractical and necessitates new modelling techniques. In recent years, some discrete dynamical models have been developed using various simplifying assumptions. To create a robust modelling framework for chaotic logical circuits, we developed both deterministic and stochastic discrete dynamical models, which exploit the natural recurrence behaviour, for two chaotic NOR gates and a chaotic set/reset flip-flop. This work presents a complete applied mathematical investigation of logical circuits. Experiments on our own designs of the above circuits are modelled and the models are rigorously analysed and simulated showing surprisingly close qualitative agreement with the experiments. Furthermore, the models are designed to accommodate dynamics of similarly designed circuits. This will allow researchers to develop ever more complex chaotic logical circuits with a simple modelling framework.

A novel prediction method about single components of analog circuits based on complex field modeling.

PubMed

Zhou, Jingyu; Tian, Shulin; Yang, Chenglin

2014-01-01

Few researches pay attention to prediction about analog circuits. The few methods lack the correlation with circuit analysis during extracting and calculating features so that FI (fault indicator) calculation often lack rationality, thus affecting prognostic performance. To solve the above problem, this paper proposes a novel prediction method about single components of analog circuits based on complex field modeling. Aiming at the feature that faults of single components hold the largest number in analog circuits, the method starts with circuit structure, analyzes transfer function of circuits, and implements complex field modeling. Then, by an established parameter scanning model related to complex field, it analyzes the relationship between parameter variation and degeneration of single components in the model in order to obtain a more reasonable FI feature set via calculation. According to the obtained FI feature set, it establishes a novel model about degeneration trend of analog circuits' single components. At last, it uses particle filter (PF) to update parameters for the model and predicts remaining useful performance (RUP) of analog circuits' single components. Since calculation about the FI feature set is more reasonable, accuracy of prediction is improved to some extent. Finally, the foregoing conclusions are verified by experiments.

Qualitative models and experimental investigation of chaotic NOR gates and set/reset flip-flops.

PubMed

Rahman, Aminur; Jordan, Ian; Blackmore, Denis

2018-01-01

It has been observed through experiments and SPICE simulations that logical circuits based upon Chua's circuit exhibit complex dynamical behaviour. This behaviour can be used to design analogues of more complex logic families and some properties can be exploited for electronics applications. Some of these circuits have been modelled as systems of ordinary differential equations. However, as the number of components in newer circuits increases so does the complexity. This renders continuous dynamical systems models impractical and necessitates new modelling techniques. In recent years, some discrete dynamical models have been developed using various simplifying assumptions. To create a robust modelling framework for chaotic logical circuits, we developed both deterministic and stochastic discrete dynamical models, which exploit the natural recurrence behaviour, for two chaotic NOR gates and a chaotic set/reset flip-flop. This work presents a complete applied mathematical investigation of logical circuits. Experiments on our own designs of the above circuits are modelled and the models are rigorously analysed and simulated showing surprisingly close qualitative agreement with the experiments. Furthermore, the models are designed to accommodate dynamics of similarly designed circuits. This will allow researchers to develop ever more complex chaotic logical circuits with a simple modelling framework.

High-Power, High-Frequency Si-Based (SiGe) Transistors Developed

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ponchak, George E.

2002-01-01

Future NASA, DOD, and commercial products will require electronic circuits that have greater functionality and versatility but occupy less space and cost less money to build and integrate than current products. System on a Chip (SOAC), a single semiconductor substrate containing circuits that perform many functions or containing an entire system, is widely recognized as the best technology for achieving low-cost, small-sized systems. Thus, a circuit technology is required that can gather, process, store, and transmit data or communications. Since silicon-integrated circuits are already used for data processing and storage and the infrastructure that supports silicon circuit fabrication is very large, it is sensible to develop communication circuits on silicon so that all the system functions can be integrated onto a single wafer. Until recently, silicon integrated circuits did not function well at the frequencies required for wireless or microwave communications, but with the introduction of small amounts of germanium into the silicon to make silicon-germanium (SiGe) transistors, silicon-based communication circuits are possible. Although microwavefrequency SiGe circuits have been demonstrated, there has been difficulty in obtaining the high power from their transistors that is required for the amplifiers of a transmitter, and many researchers have thought that this could not be done. The NASA Glenn Research Center and collaborators at the University of Michigan have developed SiGe transistors and amplifiers with state-of-the-art output power at microwave frequencies from 8 to 20 GHz. These transistors are fabricated using standard silicon processing and may be integrated with CMOS integrated circuits on a single chip. A scanning electron microscope image of a typical SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistor is shown in the preceding photomicrograph. This transistor achieved a record output power of 550 mW and an associated power-added efficiency of 33 percent at 8.4 GHz, as shown. Record performance was also demonstrated at 12.6 and 18 GHz. Developers have combined these state-of-the-art transistors with transmission lines and micromachined passive circuit components, such as inductors and capacitors, to build multistage amplifiers. Currently, a 1-W, 8.4-GHz power amplifier is being built for NASA deep space communication architectures.

Matching tutors and students: effective strategies for information transfer between circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tesileanu, Tiberiu; Balasubramanian, Vijay; Olveczky, Bence

Many neural circuits transfer learned information to downstream circuits: hippocampal-dependent memories are consolidated into long-term memories elsewhere; motor cortex is essential for skill learning but dispensable for execution; anterior forebrain pathway (AFP) in songbirds drives short-term improvements in song that are later consolidated in pre-motor area RA. We show how to match instructive signals from tutor circuits to synaptic plasticity rules in student circuits to achieve effective two-stage learning. We focus on learning sequential patterns where a timebase is transformed into motor commands by connectivity with a `student' area. If the sign of the synaptic change is given by the magnitude of tutor input, a good teaching strategy uses a strong (weak) tutor signal if student output is below (above) its target. If instead timing of tutor input relative to the timebase determines the sign of synaptic modifications, a good instructive signal accumulates the errors in student output as the motor program progresses. We demonstrate song learning in a biologically-plausible model of the songbird circuit given diverse plasticity rules interpolating between those described above. The model also reproduces qualitative firing statistics of RA neurons in juveniles and adults. Also affiliated to CUNY - Graduate Center.

Engineering self-contained DNA circuit for proximity recognition and localized signal amplification of target biomolecules

PubMed Central

Ang, Yan Shan; Yung, Lin-Yue Lanry

2014-01-01

Biomolecular interactions have important cellular implications, however, a simple method for the sensing of such proximal events is lacking in the current molecular toolbox. We designed a dynamic DNA circuit capable of recognizing targets in close proximity to initiate a pre-programmed signal transduction process resulting in localized signal amplification. The entire circuit was engineered to be self-contained, i.e. it can self-assemble onto individual target molecules autonomously and form localized signal with minimal cross-talk. α-thrombin was used as a model protein to evaluate the performance of the individual modules and the overall circuit for proximity interaction under physiologically relevant buffer condition. The circuit achieved good selectivity in presence of non-specific protein and interfering serum matrix and successfully detected for physiologically relevant α-thrombin concentration (50 nM–5 μM) in a single mixing step without any further washing. The formation of localized signal at the interaction site can be enhanced kinetically through the control of temperature and probe concentration. This work provides a basic general framework from which other circuit modules can be adapted for the sensing of other biomolecular or cellular interaction of interest. PMID:25056307

Analog Module Architecture for Space-Qualified Field-Programmable Mixed-Signal Arrays

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Edwards, R. Timothy; Strohbehn, Kim; Jaskulek, Steven E.; Katz, Richard

1999-01-01

Spacecraft require all manner of both digital and analog circuits. Onboard digital systems are constructed almost exclusively from field-programmable gate array (FPGA) circuits providing numerous advantages over discrete design including high integration density, high reliability, fast turn-around design cycle time, lower mass, volume, and power consumption, and lower parts acquisition and flight qualification costs. Analog and mixed-signal circuits perform tasks ranging from housekeeping to signal conditioning and processing. These circuits are painstakingly designed and built using discrete components due to a lack of options for field-programmability. FPAA (Field-Programmable Analog Array) and FPMA (Field-Programmable Mixed-signal Array) parts exist but not in radiation-tolerant technology and not necessarily in an architecture optimal for the design of analog circuits for spaceflight applications. This paper outlines an architecture proposed for an FPAA fabricated in an existing commercial digital CMOS process used to make radiation-tolerant antifuse-based FPGA devices. The primary concerns are the impact of the technology and the overall array architecture on the flexibility of programming, the bandwidth available for high-speed analog circuits, and the accuracy of the components for high-performance applications.

GRAPHIC INPUT TABLETS FOR PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

BOOKER, C.A., JR.; AND OTHERS

TO FACILITATE STUDENT-COMPUTER COMMUNICATION IN PROGRAMED INSTRUCTION, A MODIFICATION OF THE RAND TABLET, WHICH CONVERTS POSITION INFORMATION INTO ELECTRICAL SIGNALS, IS PROPOSED. MANUFACTURE OF THE DEVICE WOULD BE MORE ECONOMICAL, AND THE ELECTRONICS PACKAGE, REDESIGNED WITH INTEGRATED CIRCUITS, WOULD BE SMALLER AND MORE FLEXIBLE. MODIFICATION OF…

The Effective Use of an Interactive Software Program to Reduce Students' Misconceptions about Batteries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yang, E.-M.; Greenbowe, T. J.; Andre, T.

2004-01-01

The misconceptions of students regarding electricity and electrochemistry in the context of operation of a common flashlight are discussed. An Interactive Software Program (ISP) is used for better conceptual understanding of the operation of commercial batteries in a circuit.

Analog Integrated Circuit Design for Spike Time Dependent Encoder and Reservoir in Reservoir Computing Processors

DTIC Science & Technology

2018-01-01

14. ABSTRACT The objective of this effort was to: (a) develop novel and fundamental methodologies for data representation using hardware-based spike...Distribution Unlimited. 1 1.0 SUMMARY This effort is a critical part of an overall program to develop novel and fundamental methodologies for data...to fabrication a dynamic-reservoir circuit that utilizes sensory encoding methodologies similar to those employed in biological brains. Inspired

Reactivating Neural Circuits with Clinically Accessible Stimulation to Restore Hand Function in Persons with Tetraplegia

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-09-01

AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-16-1-0395 TITLE: Reactivating Neural Circuits with Clinically Accessible Stimulation to Restore Hand Function in...estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data...Clinically Accessible Stimulation to Restore Hand Function in Persons with Tetraplegia 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S

Transnational migration of Mexican scientists: A circuit between Mexico and the EEUU

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tinoco Herrera, Mario Luis

The experience and meaning of migration for a group of Mexican scientists participating in the construction of a migratory circuit between Mexico and US within the field of agricultural sciences is the object of this study. I define this migratory circuit of scientists as a social, historical and cultural process, and draw from transnational migration theories to analyze it. From this perspective, I view the migratory circuit of Mexican scientists to be a field of social relationships extended across Mexico and the US. In studying the migratory experience and its significance, I draw upon the methods of historical reconstruction of the circuit of scientists between Mexico and the US, participatory observation, informal narratives, testimonies and their analysis. This study focuses on three crucial moments of their migratory experience: (1) the moment prior to their trip to the US; (2) their academic training at a research center in the US; and (3) their return to a research center in Mexico. At the same time, this study highlights three key factors that determine and ascribe different meanings to the experiences of this migratory circuit: gender, academic trajectory, and the belonging to a migratory circuit. The findings from this study have shown that the experiences of migration and their multiple meanings are complex, heterogeneous and paradoxical. The complexity lies in the challenges of academic responsibilities and their near total integration and transformation of the participants' social life, as well as family life. These migratory experiences are further differentiated and problematic because of the various perceptions and sense of value that are mediated by gender, academic trajectory, and belonging to a circuit of migration; and, they are paradoxical because even though the experiences, perceptions and meanings are different and, at times, challenging, every single participant has described their experience as positive.

Evaluation the course of the vehicle braking process in case of hydraulic circuit malfunction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Szczypiński-Sala, W.; Lubas, J.

2016-09-01

In the paper, the results of the research were discussed, the aim of which was the evaluation of the vehicle braking performance efficiency and the course of this process with regard to the dysfunction which may occur in braking hydraulic circuit. As part of the research, on-road tests were conducted. During the research, the delay of the vehicle when braking was measured with the use of the set of sensors placed in the parallel and the perpendicular axis of the vehicle. All the tests were conducted on the same flat section of asphalt road with wet surface. Conditions of diminished tire-to-road adhesion were chosen in order to force the activity of anti-lock braking system. The research was conducted comparatively for the vehicle with acting anti-lock braking system and subsequently for the vehicle without the system. In both cases, there was a subsequent evaluation of the course of braking with efficient braking system and with the dysfunction of hydraulic circuit.

Designing Novel Quaternary Quantum Reversible Subtractor Circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haghparast, Majid; Monfared, Asma Taheri

2018-01-01

Reversible logic synthesis is an important area of current research because of its ability to reduce energy dissipation. In recent years, multiple valued logic has received great attention due to its ability to reduce the width of the reversible circuit which is a main requirement in quantum technology. Subtractor circuits are between major components used in quantum computers. In this paper, we will discuss the design of a quaternary quantum reversible half subtractor circuit using quaternary 1-qudit, 2-qudit Muthukrishnan-Stroud and 3-qudit controlled gates and a 2-qudit Generalized quaternary gate. Then a design of a quaternary quantum reversible full subtractor circuit based on the quaternary half subtractor will be presenting. The designs shall then be evaluated in terms of quantum cost, constant input, garbage output, and hardware complexity. The proposed quaternary quantum reversible circuits are the first attempt in the designing of the aforementioned subtractor.

Hybrid Spintronic-CMOS Spiking Neural Network with On-Chip Learning: Devices, Circuits, and Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sengupta, Abhronil; Banerjee, Aparajita; Roy, Kaushik

2016-12-01

Over the past decade, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have emerged as one of the popular architectures to emulate the brain. In SNNs, information is temporally encoded and communication between neurons is accomplished by means of spikes. In such networks, spike-timing-dependent plasticity mechanisms require the online programing of synapses based on the temporal information of spikes transmitted by spiking neurons. In this work, we propose a spintronic synapse with decoupled spike-transmission and programing-current paths. The spintronic synapse consists of a ferromagnet-heavy-metal heterostructure where the programing current through the heavy metal generates spin-orbit torque to modulate the device conductance. Low programing energy and fast programing times demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed device as a nanoelectronic synapse. We perform a simulation study based on an experimentally benchmarked device-simulation framework to demonstrate the interfacing of such spintronic synapses with CMOS neurons and learning circuits operating in the transistor subthreshold region to form a network of spiking neurons that can be utilized for pattern-recognition problems.

Parallel reduced-instruction-set-computer architecture for real-time symbolic pattern matching

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parson, Dale E.

1991-03-01

This report discusses ongoing work on a parallel reduced-instruction- set-computer (RISC) architecture for automatic production matching. The PRIOPS compiler takes advantage of the memoryless character of automatic processing by translating a program's collection of automatic production tests into an equivalent combinational circuit-a digital circuit without memory, whose outputs are immediate functions of its inputs. The circuit provides a highly parallel, fine-grain model of automatic matching. The compiler then maps the combinational circuit onto RISC hardware. The heart of the processor is an array of comparators capable of testing production conditions in parallel, Each comparator attaches to private memory that contains virtual circuit nodes-records of the current state of nodes and busses in the combinational circuit. All comparator memories hold identical information, allowing simultaneous update for a single changing circuit node and simultaneous retrieval of different circuit nodes by different comparators. Along with the comparator-based logic unit is a sequencer that determines the current combination of production-derived comparisons to try, based on the combined success and failure of previous combinations of comparisons. The memoryless nature of automatic matching allows the compiler to designate invariant memory addresses for virtual circuit nodes, and to generate the most effective sequences of comparison test combinations. The result is maximal utilization of parallel hardware, indicating speed increases and scalability beyond that found for course-grain, multiprocessor approaches to concurrent Rete matching. Future work will consider application of this RISC architecture to the standard (controlled) Rete algorithm, where search through memory dominates portions of matching.

NASA Tech Briefs, December 1991. Volume 15, No. 12

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1991-01-01

Topics include: Electronic Components and Circuits. Electronic Systems, Physical Sciences, Materials, Computer Programs, Mechanics, Machinery, Fabrication Technology, Mathematics and Information Sciences,

NASA Tech Briefs, December 2002

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

Topics covered include: Electronic Components and Circuits; Electronic Systems; Physical Sciences; Materials; Computer Programs; Mechanics; Machinery; Fabrication Technology; Mathematics and Information Sciences; and Life Sciences.

Optoelectronic Integrated Circuits For Neural Networks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Psaltis, D.; Katz, J.; Kim, Jae-Hoon; Lin, S. H.; Nouhi, A.

1990-01-01

Many threshold devices placed on single substrate. Integrated circuits containing optoelectronic threshold elements developed for use as planar arrays of artificial neurons in research on neural-network computers. Mounted with volume holograms recorded in photorefractive crystals serving as dense arrays of variable interconnections between neurons.

Low-cost warning device industry assessment : research results.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-12-01

Virtually all of the grade crossing train detection and warning systems in the United States use a variant of the track circuit technology developed over a century ago. Track circuits have evolved through the years, but the design and principles of o...

A Parallel Genetic Algorithm for Automated Electronic Circuit Design

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Long, Jason D.; Colombano, Silvano P.; Haith, Gary L.; Stassinopoulos, Dimitris

2000-01-01

Parallelized versions of genetic algorithms (GAs) are popular primarily for three reasons: the GA is an inherently parallel algorithm, typical GA applications are very compute intensive, and powerful computing platforms, especially Beowulf-style computing clusters, are becoming more affordable and easier to implement. In addition, the low communication bandwidth required allows the use of inexpensive networking hardware such as standard office ethernet. In this paper we describe a parallel GA and its use in automated high-level circuit design. Genetic algorithms are a type of trial-and-error search technique that are guided by principles of Darwinian evolution. Just as the genetic material of two living organisms can intermix to produce offspring that are better adapted to their environment, GAs expose genetic material, frequently strings of 1s and Os, to the forces of artificial evolution: selection, mutation, recombination, etc. GAs start with a pool of randomly-generated candidate solutions which are then tested and scored with respect to their utility. Solutions are then bred by probabilistically selecting high quality parents and recombining their genetic representations to produce offspring solutions. Offspring are typically subjected to a small amount of random mutation. After a pool of offspring is produced, this process iterates until a satisfactory solution is found or an iteration limit is reached. Genetic algorithms have been applied to a wide variety of problems in many fields, including chemistry, biology, and many engineering disciplines. There are many styles of parallelism used in implementing parallel GAs. One such method is called the master-slave or processor farm approach. In this technique, slave nodes are used solely to compute fitness evaluations (the most time consuming part). The master processor collects fitness scores from the nodes and performs the genetic operators (selection, reproduction, variation, etc.). Because of dependency issues in the GA, it is possible to have idle processors. However, as long as the load at each processing node is similar, the processors are kept busy nearly all of the time. In applying GAs to circuit design, a suitable genetic representation 'is that of a circuit-construction program. We discuss one such circuit-construction programming language and show how evolution can generate useful analog circuit designs. This language has the desirable property that virtually all sets of combinations of primitives result in valid circuit graphs. Our system allows circuit size (number of devices), circuit topology, and device values to be evolved. Using a parallel genetic algorithm and circuit simulation software, we present experimental results as applied to three analog filter and two amplifier design tasks. For example, a figure shows an 85 dB amplifier design evolved by our system, and another figure shows the performance of that circuit (gain and frequency response). In all tasks, our system is able to generate circuits that achieve the target specifications.

Are Lithium Ion Cells Intrinsically Safe?

PubMed Central

Dubaniewicz, Thomas H.; DuCarme, Joseph P.

2015-01-01

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health researchers are studying the potential for Li-ion-battery thermal runaway from an internal short circuit in equipment approved as permissible for use in underground coal mines. Researchers used a plastic wedge to induce internal short circuits for thermal runaway susceptibility evaluation purposes, which proved to be a more severe test than the flat plate method for selected Li-ion cells. Researchers conducted cell crush tests within a 20-L chamber filled with 6.5% CH4–air to simulate the mining hazard. Results indicate that LG Chem ICR18650S2 LiCoO2 cells pose a CH4 explosion hazard from a cell internal short circuit. Under specified test conditions, A123 Systems 26650 LiFePO4 cells were safer than the LG Chem ICR18650S2 LiCoO2 cells at a conservative statistical significance level. PMID:26166911

Design of a cross-connected charge pump for energy harvesting systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eguchi, K.; Fujisaki, H.; Asadi, F.; Oota, I.

2018-03-01

For energy harvesting systems, a novel charge pump with cross-connected structure is proposed in this paper. Owing to the cross-connected structure, the proposed charge pump can offer the output voltage to the output load at every phase. Furthermore, the proposed charge pump can reduce the number of circuit stages from the conventional charge pump. For above-mentioned reasons, the proposed charge pump can realize not only smaller internal resistance but also smaller output capacitance than the conventional charge pump. The theoretical analysis and simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE) simulation demonstrate that the proposed charge pump outperforms the conventional charge pump in the point of power efficiency and circuit speed.

Statistics for demodulation RFI in inverting operational amplifier circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sutu, Y.-H.; Whalen, J. J.

An investigation was conducted with the objective to determine statistical variations for RFI demodulation responses in operational amplifier (op amp) circuits. Attention is given to the experimental procedures employed, a three-stage op amp LED experiment, NCAP (Nonlinear Circuit Analysis Program) simulations of demodulation RFI in 741 op amps, and a comparison of RFI in four op amp types. Three major recommendations for future investigations are presented on the basis of the obtained results. One is concerned with the conduction of additional measurements of demodulation RFI in inverting amplifiers, while another suggests the employment of an automatic measurement system. It is also proposed to conduct additional NCAP simulations in which parasitic effects are accounted for more thoroughly.

Banning standard cell engineering notebook

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

A family of standardized thick-oxide P-MOS building blocks (standard cells) is described. The information is presented in a form useful for systems designs, logic design, and the preparation of inputs to both sets of Design Automation programs for array design and analysis. A data sheet is provided for each cell and gives the cell name, the cell number, its logic symbol, Boolean equation, truth table, circuit schematic circuit composite, input-output capacitances, and revision date. The circuit type file, also given for each cell, together with the logic drawing contained on the data sheet provides all the information required to prepare input data files for the Design Automation Systems. A detailed description of the electrical design procedure is included.

High-resolution mapping of bifurcations in nonlinear biochemical circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Genot, A. J.; Baccouche, A.; Sieskind, R.; Aubert-Kato, N.; Bredeche, N.; Bartolo, J. F.; Taly, V.; Fujii, T.; Rondelez, Y.

2016-08-01

Analog molecular circuits can exploit the nonlinear nature of biochemical reaction networks to compute low-precision outputs with fewer resources than digital circuits. This analog computation is similar to that employed by gene-regulation networks. Although digital systems have a tractable link between structure and function, the nonlinear and continuous nature of analog circuits yields an intricate functional landscape, which makes their design counter-intuitive, their characterization laborious and their analysis delicate. Here, using droplet-based microfluidics, we map with high resolution and dimensionality the bifurcation diagrams of two synthetic, out-of-equilibrium and nonlinear programs: a bistable DNA switch and a predator-prey DNA oscillator. The diagrams delineate where function is optimal, dynamics bifurcates and models fail. Inverse problem solving on these large-scale data sets indicates interference from enzymatic coupling. Additionally, data mining exposes the presence of rare, stochastically bursting oscillators near deterministic bifurcations.

Modifications to the Fission Surface Power Primary Test Circuit (FSP-PTC)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Garber, Anne E.

2008-01-01

An actively pumped alkali metal flow circuit, designed and fabricated at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, underwent a range of tests at MSFC in early 2007. During this period, system transient responses and the performance of the liquid metal pump were evaluated. In May of 2007, the circuit was drained and cleaned to prepare for multiple modifications: the addition of larger upper and lower reservoirs, the installation of an annular linear induction pump (ALIP), and the inclusion of a closeable orifice in the test section. Modifications are now complete and testing has resumed. Performance of the ALIp, provided by Idaho National Laboratory (INL), is the subject of the first round ofexperimentation. This paper provides a summary of the tests conducted on the original circuit, details the physical changes that have since been made to it, and describes the current test program.

Design criteria: data acquisition system for waste tank liquid level gauges and SX Tank Farm thermocouples

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Martin, G.E.; Oliver, R.G.

1972-02-17

This design criteria revision (revision 2) will cancel revision 1 and will provide complete functional supervision of the liquid level gauges. A new.counter and an electronic supervisory circuit will be installed in each waste tank liquid level gauge. The electronic supervisory circuit will monitor (via the new counter and a signal from the gauge electronics) cycling of the gauge on a one minute time cycle. This supervisory circuit will fulfill the intent of revision 1 (monitor AC power to the gauge) and, in addition, will supervise all other aspects of the gauge including: the electronics, the drive motor, all sprocketsmore » and chain linkages, and the counter. If a gauge failure should occur, this circuit will remove the +12 volts excitation from the data acquisition system inferface board; and the computer will be programmed to recognize this condition as a gauge failure. (auth)« less

A programmable controller based on CAN field bus embedded microprocessor and FPGA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cai, Qizhong; Guo, Yifeng; Chen, Wenhei; Wang, Mingtao

2008-10-01

One kind of new programmable controller(PLC) is introduced in this paper. The advanced embedded microprocessor and Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device are applied in the PLC system. The PLC system structure was presented in this paper. It includes 32 bits Advanced RISC Machines (ARM) embedded microprocessor as control core, FPGA as control arithmetic coprocessor and CAN bus as data communication criteria protocol connected the host controller and its various extension modules. It is detailed given that the circuits and working principle, IiO interface circuit between ARM and FPGA and interface circuit between ARM and FPGA coprocessor. Furthermore the interface circuit diagrams between various modules are written. In addition, it is introduced that ladder chart program how to control the transfer info of control arithmetic part in FPGA coprocessor. The PLC, through nearly two months of operation to meet the design of the basic requirements.

Riding the circuit for IRP

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mashaw, R.

In its original usage, the term {open_quotes}circuit rider{close_quotes} described a minister supported by several congregations, who rode from rural church to rural church spreading religion. Today, thanks to a grant from the Department of Energy, there`s a new kind of circuit rider at work in small communities and rural areas, spreading the gospel of integrated resource planning. The concept of the circuit rider was advanced in 1994 by a coalition of associations, private businesses and government agencies, including the American Public Power Association, the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association, the federal power marketing agencies and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.more » The group proposed to DOE the creation of a program for the advancement of integrated resource planning (IRP) in public power, designed to extend the resources and capabilities of publicly and cooperatively owned utilities in IRP by offering a several types of assistance, including training, direct consultation and publications.« less

A hybrid nanomemristor/transistor logic circuit capable of self-programming

PubMed Central

Borghetti, Julien; Li, Zhiyong; Straznicky, Joseph; Li, Xuema; Ohlberg, Douglas A. A.; Wu, Wei; Stewart, Duncan R.; Williams, R. Stanley

2009-01-01

Memristor crossbars were fabricated at 40 nm half-pitch, using nanoimprint lithography on the same substrate with Si metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOS FET) arrays to form fully integrated hybrid memory resistor (memristor)/transistor circuits. The digitally configured memristor crossbars were used to perform logic functions, to serve as a routing fabric for interconnecting the FETs and as the target for storing information. As an illustrative demonstration, the compound Boolean logic operation (A AND B) OR (C AND D) was performed with kilohertz frequency inputs, using resistor-based logic in a memristor crossbar with FET inverter/amplifier outputs. By routing the output signal of a logic operation back onto a target memristor inside the array, the crossbar was conditionally configured by setting the state of a nonvolatile switch. Such conditional programming illuminates the way for a variety of self-programmed logic arrays, and for electronic synaptic computing. PMID:19171903

A hybrid nanomemristor/transistor logic circuit capable of self-programming.

PubMed

Borghetti, Julien; Li, Zhiyong; Straznicky, Joseph; Li, Xuema; Ohlberg, Douglas A A; Wu, Wei; Stewart, Duncan R; Williams, R Stanley

2009-02-10

Memristor crossbars were fabricated at 40 nm half-pitch, using nanoimprint lithography on the same substrate with Si metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOS FET) arrays to form fully integrated hybrid memory resistor (memristor)/transistor circuits. The digitally configured memristor crossbars were used to perform logic functions, to serve as a routing fabric for interconnecting the FETs and as the target for storing information. As an illustrative demonstration, the compound Boolean logic operation (A AND B) OR (C AND D) was performed with kilohertz frequency inputs, using resistor-based logic in a memristor crossbar with FET inverter/amplifier outputs. By routing the output signal of a logic operation back onto a target memristor inside the array, the crossbar was conditionally configured by setting the state of a nonvolatile switch. Such conditional programming illuminates the way for a variety of self-programmed logic arrays, and for electronic synaptic computing.

Chemically programmed ink-jet printed resistive WORM memory array and readout circuit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andersson, H.; Manuilskiy, A.; Sidén, J.; Gao, J.; Hummelgård, M.; Kunninmel, G. V.; Nilsson, H.-E.

2014-09-01

In this paper an ink-jet printed write once read many (WORM) resistive memory fabricated on paper substrate is presented. The memory elements are programmed for different resistance states by printing triethylene glycol monoethyl ether on the substrate before the actual memory element is printed using silver nano particle ink. The resistance is thus able to be set to a broad range of values without changing the geometry of the elements. A memory card consisting of 16 elements is manufactured for which the elements are each programmed to one of four defined logic levels, providing a total of 4294 967 296 unique possible combinations. Using a readout circuit, originally developed for resistive sensors to avoid crosstalk between elements, a memory card reader is manufactured that is able to read the values of the memory card and transfer the data to a PC. Such printed memory cards can be used in various applications.

High performance genetic algorithm for VLSI circuit partitioning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dinu, Simona

2016-12-01

Partitioning is one of the biggest challenges in computer-aided design for VLSI circuits (very large-scale integrated circuits). This work address the min-cut balanced circuit partitioning problem- dividing the graph that models the circuit into almost equal sized k sub-graphs while minimizing the number of edges cut i.e. minimizing the number of edges connecting the sub-graphs. The problem may be formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem. Experimental studies in the literature have shown the problem to be NP-hard and thus it is important to design an efficient heuristic algorithm to solve it. The approach proposed in this study is a parallel implementation of a genetic algorithm, namely an island model. The information exchange between the evolving subpopulations is modeled using a fuzzy controller, which determines an optimal balance between exploration and exploitation of the solution space. The results of simulations show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the standard sequential genetic algorithm both in terms of solution quality and convergence speed. As a direction for future study, this research can be further extended to incorporate local search operators which should include problem-specific knowledge. In addition, the adaptive configuration of mutation and crossover rates is another guidance for future research.

Experience gained from the development and results from tests of the equipment of the Kalinin NPP Unit 4 regeneration and intermediate steam separation and reheating system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Trifonov, N. N.; Sukhorukov, Yu. G.; Ermolov, V. F.; Svyatkin, F. A.; Nikolaenkova, E. K.; Sintsova, T. G.; Grigor'eva, E. B.; Esin, S. B.; Ukhanova, M. G.; Golubev, E. A.; Bik, S. P.; Tren'kin, V. B.

2014-06-01

The equipment of the Kalinin NPP Unit 4 regeneration, intermediate separation, and steam reheating (ISSR) systems is described and the results of their static and dynamic tests are presented. It was shown from an analysis of test results that the equipment of the regeneration and ISSR systems produce the design thermal and hydraulic characteristics in static and dynamic modes of its operation. Specialists of the Central boiler-Turbine Institute Research and Production Association have developed procedures and computer programs for calculating the system of direct-contact horizontal low-pressure heaters (connected according to the gravity circuit arrangement jointly with the second-stage electrically-driven condensate pumps) and the ISSR system, the results of which are in satisfactory agreement with experimental data. The drawbacks of the layout solutions due to which cavitation failure of the pumps may occur are considered. Technical solutions aimed at securing stable operation of the equipment of regeneration and ISSR systems are proposed. The process arrangement for heating the chamber-type high-pressure heaters adopted at the Kalinin NPP is analyzed. The version of this circuit developed at the Central Boiler-Turbine Institute Research and Production Association that allows the heating rate equal to 1°C/min to be obtained is proposed.

9 CFR 307.1 - Facilities for Program employees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION FACILITIES FOR INSPECTION § 307.1 Facilities for Program employees. Office space... employees assigned thereto. The space set aside for this purpose shall meet with approval of the circuit... facilities exist in a nearby convenient location. Laundry service for inspectors' outer work clothing shall...

Shipboard CCTV for Globe-Girdling Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderton, Ray L.

1983-01-01

Describes installation, operation, and educational benefits of a closed circuit television system installed on a ship used for the "Semester at Sea" program. The program, jointly sponsored by the University of Pittsburgh and the Institute of Shipboard Education, provides undergraduates with the opportunity to pursue studies on a…

Central Nervous System Oxygen Toxicity in Closed-Circuit Scuba Divers

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-03-01

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM OXYGEN TOXICITY IN CLOSED -CIRCUIT SCUBA DIVERS III By F. K. Butler, Jr., LCDR, MC, USN NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT DTIC...PANAMA CITY. FLORIDA 321407 IN. aLV OMW Vol NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT REPORT NO. 5-86 CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM OXYGEN TOXICITY IN CLOSED -CIRCUIT SCUBA...BUTLER, Jr. J . .d.M. HAMILTON LCDR, MC, USK CDR, MC, USK CDR, USKN Medical Research Officer Senior Medical Officer Comanding Officer UNCLASSIFIED 4

Design, Construction and Testing of a Prototype Holonomic Autonomous Vehicle

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-12-01

Circuit A simple 100 kHz crystal oscillator tank circuit using an LM741 opamp was fed to a LM393N comparator . The circuit’s schematic is provided...research in areas that support development of unmanned ground and air battlefield vehicles. Little attention has been paid to applying robotics to...motion control using a single board computer, a pulse width modulation (PWM) and optical isolation circuit, and a low-cost inertial measurement unit

Efficiently characterizing the total error in quantum circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carignan-Dugas, Arnaud; Wallman, Joel J.; Emerson, Joseph

A promising technological advancement meant to enlarge our computational means is the quantum computer. Such a device would harvest the quantum complexity of the physical world in order to unfold concrete mathematical problems more efficiently. However, the errors emerging from the implementation of quantum operations are likewise quantum, and hence share a similar level of intricacy. Fortunately, randomized benchmarking protocols provide an efficient way to characterize the operational noise within quantum devices. The resulting figures of merit, like the fidelity and the unitarity, are typically attached to a set of circuit components. While important, this doesn't fulfill the main goal: determining if the error rate of the total circuit is small enough in order to trust its outcome. In this work, we fill the gap by providing an optimal bound on the total fidelity of a circuit in terms of component-wise figures of merit. Our bound smoothly interpolates between the classical regime, in which the error rate grows linearly in the circuit's length, and the quantum regime, which can naturally allow quadratic growth. Conversely, our analysis substantially improves the bounds on single circuit element fidelities obtained through techniques such as interleaved randomized benchmarking. This research was supported by the U.S. Army Research Office through Grant W911NF- 14-1-0103, CIFAR, the Government of Ontario, and the Government of Canada through NSERC and Industry Canada.

NASA Tech Briefs, November 1991. Volume 15, No. 11

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1991-01-01

Topics include: Electronic Components & and Circuits. Electronic Systems, Physical Sciences, Materials, Computer Programs, Mechanics, Machinery, Fabrication Technology, and Mathematics and Information Sciences,

Overlapping neurobehavioral circuits in ADHD, obesity, and binge eating: Evidence from Neuroimaging Research

PubMed Central

Seymour, Karen E.; Reinblatt, Shauna P.; Benson, Leora; Carnell, Susan

2015-01-01

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conditions involving excessive eating (e.g. obesity, binge / loss of control eating) are increasingly prevalent within pediatric populations, and correlational and some longitudinal studies have suggested inter-relationships between these disorders. In addition, a number of common neural correlates are emerging across conditions, e.g. functional abnormalities within circuits subserving reward processing and executive functioning. To explore this potential cross-condition overlap in neurobehavioral underpinnings, we selectively review relevant functional neuroimaging literature, specifically focusing on studies probing i) reward processing, ii) response inhibition, and iii) emotional processing and regulation, and outline three specific shared neurobehavioral circuits. Based on our review, we also identify gaps within the literature that would benefit from further research. PMID:26098969

Real-time development of data acquisition and analysis software for hands-on physiology education in neuroscience: G-PRIME.

PubMed

Lott, Gus K; Johnson, Bruce R; Bonow, Robert H; Land, Bruce R; Hoy, Ronald R

2009-01-01

We report on the real-time creation of an application for hands-on neurophysiology in an advanced undergraduate teaching laboratory. Enabled by the rapid software development tools included in the Matlab technical computing environment (The Mathworks, Natick, MA), a team, consisting of a neurophysiology educator and a biophysicist trained as an electrical engineer, interfaced to a course of approximately 15 students from engineering and biology backgrounds. The result is the powerful freeware data acquisition and analysis environment, "g-PRIME." The software was developed from week to week in response to curriculum demands, and student feedback. The program evolved from a simple software oscilloscope, enabling RC circuit analysis, to a suite of tools supporting analysis of neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission analysis in invertebrate model systems. The program has subsequently expanded in application to university courses, research, and high school projects in the US and abroad as free courseware.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tanaka, T.J.; Antonescu, C.

A program to assess the impact of smoke on digital instrumentation and control (I and C) safety systems began in 1994, funded by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Research. Digital I and C safety systems are likely replacements for today`s analog systems. The nuclear industry has little experience in qualifying digital electronics for critical systems, part of which is understanding system performance during plant fires. The results of tests evaluating the performance of digital circuits and chip technologies exposed to the various smoke and humidity conditions representative of cable fires are discussed. Tests results show that low tomore » moderate smoke densities can cause intermittent failures of digital systems. Smoke increases leakage currents between biased contacts, leading to shorts. Chips with faster switching times, and thus higher output drive currents, are less sensitive to leakage currents and thus to smoke. Contact corrosion from acidic gases in smoke and inductance of stray capacitance are less important contributors to system upset. Transmission line coupling was increased because the smoke acted as a conductive layer between the lines. Permanent circuit damage was not obvious in the 24 hr of circuit monitoring. Test results also show that polyurethane, parylene, and acrylic conformal coatings are more effective in protecting against smoke than epoxy or silicone. Common-sense mitigation measures are discussed. Unfortunately the authors are a long way from standard tests for smoke exposure that capture the variations in smoke exposure possible in an actual fire.« less

The role of Snell's law for a magnonic majority gate.

PubMed

Kanazawa, Naoki; Goto, Taichi; Sekiguchi, Koji; Granovsky, Alexander B; Ross, Caroline A; Takagi, Hiroyuki; Nakamura, Yuichi; Uchida, Hironaga; Inoue, Mitsuteru

2017-08-11

In the fifty years since the postulation of Moore's Law, the increasing energy consumption in silicon electronics has motivated research into emerging devices. An attractive research direction is processing information via the phase of spin waves within magnonic-logic circuits, which function without charge transport and the accompanying heat generation. The functional completeness of magnonic logic circuits based on the majority function was recently proved. However, the performance of such logic circuits was rather poor due to the difficulty of controlling spin waves in the input junction of the waveguides. Here, we show how Snell's law describes the propagation of spin waves in the junction of a Ψ-shaped magnonic majority gate composed of yttrium iron garnet with a partially metallized surface. Based on the analysis, we propose a magnonic counterpart of a core-cladding waveguide to control the wave propagation in the junction. This study has therefore experimentally demonstrated a fundamental building block of a magnonic logic circuit.

Space Science in Project SMART: A UNH High School Outreach Program

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smith, C. W.; Broad, L.; Goelzer, S.; Lessard, M.; Levergood, R.; Lugaz, N.; Moebius, E.; Schwadron, N.; Torbert, R. B.; Zhang, J.; Bloser, P. F.

2016-12-01

Every summer for the past 25 years the University of New Hampshire (UNH) has run a month-long, residential outreach program for high school students considering careers in mathematics, science, or engineering. Space science is one of the modules. Students work directly with UNH faculty performing original work with real spacecraft data and hardware and present the results of that effort at the end of the program. Recent research topics have included interplanetary waves and turbulence as recorded by the ACE and Voyager spacecraft, electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves seen by the RBSP spacecraft, interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICME) acceleration and interstellar pickup ions as seen by the STEREO spacecraft, and prototyping CubeSat hardware. Student research efforts can provide useful results for future research efforts by the faculty while the students gain unique exposure to space physics and a science career. In addition, the students complete a team project. Since 2006, that project has been the construction and flight of a high-altitude balloon payload and instruments. The students typically build the instruments they fly. In the process, students learn circuit design and construction, microcontroller programming, and core atmospheric and space science. Our payload design has evolved significantly since the first flight of a simple rectangular box and now involves a stable descent vehicle that does not require a parachute, an on-board flight control computer, in-flight autonomous control and data acquisition of multiple student-built instruments, and real-time camera images sent to ground. This is a program that can be used as a model for other schools to follow and that high schools can initiate. More information can be found at .

FY2016 Advanced Batteries R&D Annual Progress Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None, None

The Advanced Batteries research and development (R&D) subprogram within the DOE Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO) provides support and guidance for projects focusing on batteries for plug-in electric vehicles. Program targets focus on overcoming technical barriers to enable market success including: (1) significantly reducing battery cost, (2) increasing battery performance (power, energy, durability), (3) reducing battery weight & volume, and (4) increasing battery tolerance to abusive conditions such as short circuit, overcharge, and crush. This report describes the progress made on the research and development projects funded by the Battery subprogram in 2016. This section covers the Vehicle Technologies Office overview;more » the Battery subprogram R&D overview; Advanced Battery Development project summaries; and Battery Testing, Analysis, and Design project summaries. It also includes the cover and table of contents.« less

CMOS gate array characterization procedures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Spratt, James P.

1993-09-01

Present procedures are inadequate for characterizing the radiation hardness of gate array product lines prior to personalization because the selection of circuits to be used, from among all those available in the manufacturer's circuit library, is usually uncontrolled. (Some circuits are fundamentally more radiation resistant than others.) In such cases, differences in hardness can result between different designs of the same logic function. Hardness also varies because many gate arrays feature large custom-designed megacells (e.g., microprocessors and random access memories-MicroP's and RAM's). As a result, different product lines cannot be compared equally. A characterization strategy is needed, along with standardized test vehicle(s), methodology, and conditions, so that users can make informed judgments on which gate arrays are best suited for their needs. The program described developed preferred procedures for the radiation characterization of gate arrays, including a gate array evaluation test vehicle, featuring a canary circuit, designed to define the speed versus hardness envelope of the gate array. A multiplier was chosen for this role, and a baseline multiplier architecture is suggested that could be incorporated into an existing standard evaluation circuit chip.

Silicon device performance measurements to support temperature range enhancement

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bromstead, James; Weir, Bennett; Nelms, R. Mark; Johnson, R. Wayne; Askew, Ray

1994-01-01

Silicon based power devices can be used at 200 C. The device measurements made during this program show a predictable shift in device parameters with increasing temperature. No catastrophic or abrupt changes occurred in the parameters over the temperature range. As expected, the most dramatic change was the increase in leakage currents with increasing temperature. At 200 C the leakage current was in the milliAmp range but was still several orders of magnitude lower than the on-state current capabilities of the devices under test. This increase must be considered in the design of circuits using power transistors at elevated temperature. Three circuit topologies have been prototyped using MOSFET's and IGBT's. The circuits were designed using zero current or zero voltage switching techniques to eliminate or minimize hard switching of the power transistors. These circuits have functioned properly over the temperature range. One thousand hour life data have been collected for two power supplies with no failures and no significant change in operating efficiency. While additional reliability testing should be conducted, the feasibility of designing soft switched circuits for operation at 200 C has been successfully demonstrated.

Rectenna Technology Program: Ultra light 2.45 GHz rectenna 20 GHz rectenna

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brown, William C.

1987-01-01

The program had two general objectives. The first objective was to develop the two plane rectenna format for space application at 2.45 GHz. The resultant foreplane was a thin-film, etched-circuit format fabricated from a laminate composed of 2 mil Kapton F sandwiched between sheets of 1 oz copper. The thin-film foreplane contains half wave dipoles, filter circuits, rectifying Schottky diode, and dc bussing lead. It weighs 160 grams per square meter. Efficiency and dc power output density were measured at 85% and 1 kw/sq m, respectively. Special testing techniques to measure temperature of circuit and diode without perturbing microwave operation using the fluoroptic thermometer were developed. A second objective was to investigate rectenna technology for use at 20 GHz and higher frequencies. Several fabrication formats including the thin-film scaled from 2.45 GHz, ceramic substrate and silk-screening, and monolithic were investigated, with the conclusion that the monolithic approach was the best. A preliminary design of the monolithic rectenna structure and the integrated Schottky diode were made.

NASA Tech Briefs, August 1992. Volume 16, No. 8

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1992-01-01

Topics include: Electronic Components and Circuits; Electronic Systems; Physical Sciences; Materials; Computer Programs; Mechanics; Machinery; Fabrication Technology; Mathematics and Information Sciences; Life Sciences.

NASA Tech Briefs, September 1992. Volume 16, No.9

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1992-01-01

Topics include: Electronic Components and Circuits; Electronic Systems; Physical Sciences; Materials; Computer Programs; Mechanics; Machinery; Fabrication Technology; Mathematics and Information Sciences; Life Sciences.

NASA Tech Briefs, January 1993. Volume 17, No. 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1993-01-01

Topics include: Electronic Components and Circuits; Electronic Systems; Physical Sciences; Materials; Computer Programs; Mechanics; Machinery; Fabrication Technology; Mathematics and Information Sciences; Life Sciences;

NASA Tech Briefs, November 1992. Volume 16, No. 11

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1992-01-01

Topics include: Electronic Components and Circuits; Electronic Systems; Physical Sciences; Materials; Computer Programs; Mechanics; Machinery; Fabrication Technology; Mathematics and Information Sciences; Life Sciences;

NASA Tech Briefs, December 1992. Volume 16, No. 12

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1992-01-01

Topics include: Electronic Components and Circuits; Electronic Systems; Physical Sciences; Materials; Computer Programs; Mechanics; Machinery; Fabrication Technology; Mathematics and Information Sciences; Life Sciences;

An Engineering Methodology for Implementing and Testing VLSI (Very Large Scale Integrated) Circuits

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-03-01

the pad frame and associated routing, conducted additional testing. and submitted the finished design effort to MOSIS for manufacturing. Throughout...register bank TSTCON Allows the XNOR circuitry to enter the TEST register bank PADIN Test signal to check operation of the input pad VCC Power connection...MOSSIM II simulation program. but the design offered little observability within the circuit. The initial design used 35 pins of a 40 pin pad frame

Automated ILA design for synchronous sequential circuits

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Liu, M. N.; Liu, K. Z.; Maki, G. K.; Whitaker, S. R.

1991-01-01

An iterative logic array (ILA) architecture for synchronous sequential circuits is presented. This technique utilizes linear algebra to produce the design equations. The ILA realization of synchronous sequential logic can be fully automated with a computer program. A programmable design procedure is proposed to fullfill the design task and layout generation. A software algorithm in the C language has been developed and tested to generate 1 micron CMOS layouts using the Hewlett-Packard FUNGEN module generator shell.

MAGTF (Marine Air Ground Task Force) Data Transfer Alternatives (1986-1996).

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-04-01

Devices currently on the market offer circuit conditioning and access control as well as the required dial-up connectivity. A program to provide dial... UGC -74A(V)3 Communication Terminal (Teletype Writer (TTY) CV-3591 Advanced Narrowband Digital Voice Terminal (ANDVT) AN/TGC-46 TTY Central (part of AN...interface directly with both AN/ UGC -74 TTY and ADPE-FMF/EUC equipment over serial circuits. 5.5.2.2 Switching Equipment. Switching equipments perform the

A Low Cost Rad-Tolerant Standard Cell Library

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gambles, Jody W.; Maki, Gary K.

1997-01-01

This paper describes circuit design techniques developed at the NASA Institute of Advanced Microelectronics that have been shown to protect CMOS circuits from the deleterious effects of the natural space radiation environment. The IAuE is leading a program to incorporate these radiation-tolerance providing design techniques into a commercial standard cell library that will be used in conjunction with available Electronic Design Automation tools to produce space flight qualified microelectronics fabricated at modern commercial CMOS foundries.

The Physiological and Health Response Elicited in 10,701 Females and Males Following a Nine Week Fast Fitness Circuit Training Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cardinal, Bradley J.

This study sought to determine the changes elicited following 9 weeks of fast fitness circuit training 4 days a week. Data were gathered for a 3-year time period on 5,993 female and 4,708 male volunteer subjects with a mean age of 27.6. A one-group pretest-posttest design was used. The independent variable consisted of 24 exercise stations equally…

SiC JFET Transistor Circuit Model for Extreme Temperature Range

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Neudeck, Philip G.

2008-01-01

A technique for simulating extreme-temperature operation of integrated circuits that incorporate silicon carbide (SiC) junction field-effect transistors (JFETs) has been developed. The technique involves modification of NGSPICE, which is an open-source version of the popular Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE) general-purpose analog-integrated-circuit-simulating software. NGSPICE in its unmodified form is used for simulating and designing circuits made from silicon-based transistors that operate at or near room temperature. Two rapid modifications of NGSPICE source code enable SiC JFETs to be simulated to 500 C using the well-known Level 1 model for silicon metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). First, the default value of the MOSFET surface potential must be changed. In the unmodified source code, this parameter has a value of 0.6, which corresponds to slightly more than half the bandgap of silicon. In NGSPICE modified to simulate SiC JFETs, this parameter is changed to a value of 1.6, corresponding to slightly more than half the bandgap of SiC. The second modification consists of changing the temperature dependence of MOSFET transconductance and saturation parameters. The unmodified NGSPICE source code implements a T(sup -1.5) temperature dependence for these parameters. In order to mimic the temperature behavior of experimental SiC JFETs, a T(sup -1.3) temperature dependence must be implemented in the NGSPICE source code. Following these two simple modifications, the Level 1 MOSFET model of the NGSPICE circuit simulation program reasonably approximates the measured high-temperature behavior of experimental SiC JFETs properly operated with zero or reverse bias applied to the gate terminal. Modification of additional silicon parameters in the NGSPICE source code was not necessary to model experimental SiC JFET current-voltage performance across the entire temperature range from 25 to 500 C.