50 CFR Table 15 to Part 679 - Gear Codes, Descriptions, and Use

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Gear Codes, Descriptions, and Use 15 Table... ALASKA Pt. 679, Table 15 Table 15 to Part 679—Gear Codes, Descriptions, and Use Gear Codes, Descriptions, and Use (X indicates where this code is used) Name of gear Use alphabetic code to complete the...

Resonances and bound states in the continuum on periodic arrays of slightly noncircular cylinders

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, Zhen; Lu, Ya Yan

2018-02-01

Optical bound states in the continuum (BICs), especially those on periodic structures, have interesting properties and potentially important applications. Existing theoretical and numerical studies for optical BICs are mostly for idealized structures with simple and perfect geometric features, such as circular holes, rectangular cylinders and spheres. Since small distortions are always present in actual fabricated structures, we perform a high accuracy numerical study for BICs and resonances on a simple periodic structure with small distortions, i.e., periodic arrays of slightly noncircular cylinders. Our numerical results confirm that symmetries are important not only for the so-called symmetry-protected BICs, but also for the majority of propagating BICs which do not have a symmetry mismatch with the outgoing radiation waves. Typically, the BICs continue to exist if the small distortions keep the relevant symmetries, and they become resonant modes with finite quality factors if the small distortions break a required symmetry.

The validity of the Brain Injury Cognitive Screen (BICS) as a neuropsychological screening assessment for traumatic and non-traumatic brain injury.

PubMed

Vaughan, Frances L; Neal, Jo Anne; Mulla, Farzana Nizam; Edwards, Barbara; Coetzer, Rudi

2017-04-01

The Brain Injury Cognitive Screen (BICS) was developed as an in-service cognitive assessment battery for acquired brain injury patients entering community rehabilitation. The BICS focuses on domains that are particularly compromised following TBI, and provides a broader and more detailed assessment of executive function, attention and information processing than comparable screening assessments. The BICS also includes brief assessments of perception, naming, and construction, which were predicted to be more sensitive to impairments following non-traumatic brain injury. The studies reported here examine preliminary evidence for its validity in post-acute rehabilitation. In Study 1, TBI patients completed the BICS and were compared with matched controls. Patients with focal lesions and matched controls were compared in Study 2. Study 3 examined demographic effects in a sample of normative data. TBI and focal lesion patients obtained significantly lower composite memory, executive function and attention and information processing BICS scores than healthy controls. Injury severity effects were also obtained. Logistic regression analyses indicated that each group of BICS memory, executive function and attention measures reliably differentiated TBI and focal lesion participants from controls. Design Recall, Prospective Memory, Verbal Fluency, and Visual Search test scores showed significant independent regression effects. Other subtest measures showed evidence of sensitivity to brain injury. The study provides preliminary evidence of the BICS' sensitivity to cognitive impairment caused by acquired brain injury, and its potential clinical utility as a cognitive screen. Further validation based on a revised version of the BICS and more normative data are required.

Validation of a modified table to map the 1998 Abbreviated Injury Scale to the 2008 scale and the use of adjusted severities.

PubMed

Tohira, Hideo; Jacobs, Ian; Mountain, David; Gibson, Nick; Yeo, Allen; Ueno, Masato; Watanabe, Hiroaki

2011-12-01

The Abbreviated Injury Scale 2008 (AIS 2008) is the most recent injury coding system. A mapping table from a previous AIS 98 to AIS 2008 is available. However, AIS 98 codes that are unmappable to AIS 2008 codes exist in this table. Furthermore, some AIS 98 codes can be mapped to multiple candidate AIS 2008 codes with different severities. We aimed to modify the original table to adjust the severities and to validate these changes. We modified the original table by adding links from unmappable AIS 98 codes to AIS 2008 codes. We applied the original table and our modified table to AIS 98 codes for major trauma patients. We also assigned candidate codes with different severities the weighted averages of their severities as an adjusted severity. The proportion of cases whose injury severity scores (ISSs) were computable were compared. We also compared the agreement of the ISS and New ISS (NISS) between manually determined AIS 2008 codes (MAN) and mapped codes by using our table (MAP) with unadjusted or adjusted severities. All and 72.3% of cases had their ISSs computed by our modified table and the original table, respectively. The agreement between MAN and MAP with respect to the ISS and NISS was substantial (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.939 for ISS and 0.943 for NISS). Using adjusted severities, the agreements of the ISS and NISS improved to 0.953 (p = 0.11) and 0.963 (p = 0.007), respectively. Our modified mapping table seems to allow more ISSs to be computed than the original table. Severity scores exhibited substantial agreement between MAN and MAP. The use of adjusted severities improved these agreements further.

Hearing with Two Ears: Evidence for Cortical Binaural Interaction during Auditory Processing.

PubMed

Henkin, Yael; Yaar-Soffer, Yifat; Givon, Lihi; Hildesheimer, Minka

2015-04-01

Integration of information presented to the two ears has been shown to manifest in binaural interaction components (BICs) that occur along the ascending auditory pathways. In humans, BICs have been studied predominantly at the brainstem and thalamocortical levels; however, understanding of higher cortically driven mechanisms of binaural hearing is limited. To explore whether BICs are evident in auditory event-related potentials (AERPs) during the advanced perceptual and postperceptual stages of cortical processing. The AERPs N1, P3, and a late negative component (LNC) were recorded from multiple site electrodes while participants performed an oddball discrimination task that consisted of natural speech syllables (/ka/ vs. /ta/) that differed by place-of-articulation. Participants were instructed to respond to the target stimulus (/ta/) while performing the task in three listening conditions: monaural right, monaural left, and binaural. Fifteen (21-32 yr) young adults (6 females) with normal hearing sensitivity. By subtracting the response to target stimuli elicited in the binaural condition from the sum of responses elicited in the monaural right and left conditions, the BIC waveform was derived and the latencies and amplitudes of the components were measured. The maximal interaction was calculated by dividing BIC amplitude by the summed right and left response amplitudes. In addition, the latencies and amplitudes of the AERPs to target stimuli elicited in the monaural right, monaural left, and binaural listening conditions were measured and subjected to analysis of variance with repeated measures testing the effect of listening condition and laterality. Three consecutive BICs were identified at a mean latency of 129, 406, and 554 msec, and were labeled N1-BIC, P3-BIC, and LNC-BIC, respectively. Maximal interaction increased significantly with progression of auditory processing from perceptual to postperceptual stages and amounted to 51%, 55%, and 75% of the sum of monaural responses for N1-BIC, P3-BIC, and LNC-BIC, respectively. Binaural interaction manifested in a decrease of the binaural response compared to the sum of monaural responses. Furthermore, listening condition affected P3 latency only, whereas laterality effects manifested in enhanced N1 amplitudes at the left (T3) vs. right (T4) scalp electrode and in a greater left-right amplitude difference in the right compared to left listening condition. The current AERP data provides evidence for the occurrence of cortical BICs during perceptual and postperceptual stages, presumably reflecting ongoing integration of information presented to the two ears at the final stages of auditory processing. Increasing binaural interaction with the progression of the auditory processing sequence (N1 to LNC) may support the notion that cortical BICs reflect inherited interactions from preceding stages of upstream processing together with discrete cortical neural activity involved in binaural processing. Clinically, an objective measure of cortical binaural processing has the potential of becoming an appealing neural correlate of binaural behavioral performance. American Academy of Audiology.

50 CFR Table 2 to Part 680 - Crab Species Code

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., Table 2 Table 2 to Part 680—Crab Species Code Species code Common name Scientific name 900 Box Lopholithodes mandtii. 910 Dungeness Cancer magister. 921 Red king crab Paralithodes camtshaticus. 922 Blue king... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Crab Species Code 2 Table 2 to Part 680...

50 CFR Table 2 to Part 680 - Crab Species Code

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., Table 2 Table 2 to Part 680—Crab Species Code Species code Common name Scientific name 900 Box Lopholithodes mandtii. 910 Dungeness Cancer magister. 921 Red king crab Paralithodes camtshaticus. 922 Blue king... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Crab Species Code 2 Table 2 to Part 680...

Formation mechanism of guided resonances and bound states in the continuum in photonic crystal slabs

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gao, Xingwei; Hsu, Chia Wei; Zhen, Bo

2016-08-25

We develop a formalism, based on the mode expansion method, to describe the guided resonances and bound states in the continuum (BICs) in photonic crystal slabs with one-dimensional periodicity. This approach provides analytic insights to the formation mechanisms of these states: the guided resonances arise from the transverse Fabry–Pérot condition, and the divergence of the resonance lifetimes at the BICs is explained by a destructive interference of radiation from different propagating components inside the slab. As a result, we show BICs at the center and on the edge of the Brillouin zone protected by symmetry, BICs at generic wave vectorsmore » not protected by symmetry, and the annihilation of BICs at low-symmetry wave vectors.« less

50 CFR Table 1c to Part 679 - Product Type Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Product Type Codes 1c Table 1c to Part..., Table 1c Table 1c to Part 679—Product Type Codes Description Code Ancillary product.A product, such as... the highest recovery rate. P Reprocessed or rehandled product.A product, such as meal, that results...

School staff, parent and student perceptions of a Breakfast in the Classroom model during initial implementation.

PubMed

Folta, Sara C; Carmichael Djang, Holly; Halmo, Megan; Metayer, Nesly; Blondin, Stacy A; Smith, Kathleen S; Economos, Christina D

2016-06-01

To understand perspectives of stakeholders during initial district-wide implementation of a Breakfast in the Classroom (BIC) model of the School Breakfast Program. Qualitative data were collected from twenty-nine focus groups and twenty interviews with stakeholders in a school district early in the process of implementing a BIC model of the School Breakfast Program. Ten elementary schools within a large, urban school district in the USA that served predominantly low-income, racial/ethnic minority students. Purposively selected stakeholders in elementary schools that had implemented BIC for 3-6 months: students (n 85), parents/guardians (n 86), classroom teachers (n 44), cafeteria managers (n 10) and principals (n 10). Four primary themes emerged, which were interpreted based on the Diffusion of Innovations model. School staff had changed their perceptions of both the relative disadvantages and costs related to time and effort of BIC over time; the majority of each stakeholder group expressed an appreciation for BIC; student breakfast consumption varied from day to day, related to compatibility of foods with child preferences; and stakeholders held mixed and various impressions of BIC's potential impacts. The study underscores the importance of engaging school staff and parents in discussions of BIC programming prior to its initiation to pre-emptively address concerns related to cost, relative disadvantages and compatibility with child preferences and school routines/workflow. Effectively communicating with stakeholders about positive impacts and nutritional value of the meals may improve support for BIC. These findings provide new information to policy makers, districts and practitioners that can be used to improve implementation efforts, model delivery and outcomes.

Memory-efficient table look-up optimized algorithm for context-based adaptive variable length decoding in H.264/advanced video coding

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Jianhua; Cheng, Lianglun; Wang, Tao; Peng, Xiaodong

2016-03-01

Table look-up operation plays a very important role during the decoding processing of context-based adaptive variable length decoding (CAVLD) in H.264/advanced video coding (AVC). However, frequent table look-up operation can result in big table memory access, and then lead to high table power consumption. Aiming to solve the problem of big table memory access of current methods, and then reduce high power consumption, a memory-efficient table look-up optimized algorithm is presented for CAVLD. The contribution of this paper lies that index search technology is introduced to reduce big memory access for table look-up, and then reduce high table power consumption. Specifically, in our schemes, we use index search technology to reduce memory access by reducing the searching and matching operations for code_word on the basis of taking advantage of the internal relationship among length of zero in code_prefix, value of code_suffix and code_lengh, thus saving the power consumption of table look-up. The experimental results show that our proposed table look-up algorithm based on index search can lower about 60% memory access consumption compared with table look-up by sequential search scheme, and then save much power consumption for CAVLD in H.264/AVC.

The Physiological Basis and Clinical Use of the Binaural Interaction Component of the Auditory Brainstem Response

PubMed Central

Klump, Georg M.; Tollin, Daniel J.

2016-01-01

The auditory brainstem response (ABR) is a sound-evoked non-invasively measured electrical potential representing the sum of neuronal activity in the auditory brainstem and midbrain. ABR peak amplitudes and latencies are widely used in human and animal auditory research and for clinical screening. The binaural interaction component (BIC) of the ABR stands for the difference between the sum of the monaural ABRs and the ABR obtained with binaural stimulation. The BIC comprises a series of distinct waves, the largest of which (DN1) has been used for evaluating binaural hearing in both normal hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. Based on data from animal and human studies, we discuss the possible anatomical and physiological bases of the BIC (DN1 in particular). The effects of electrode placement and stimulus characteristics on the binaurally evoked ABR are evaluated. We review how inter-aural time and intensity differences affect the BIC and, analyzing these dependencies, draw conclusion about the mechanism underlying the generation of the BIC. Finally, the utility of the BIC for clinical diagnoses are summarized. PMID:27232077

The Effect of Breakfast in the Classroom on Obesity and Academic Performance: Evidence from New York City.

PubMed

Corcoran, Sean P; Elbel, Brian; Schwartz, Amy Ellen

2016-01-01

Participation in the federally subsidized school breakfast program often falls well below its lunchtime counterpart. To increase take-up, many districts have implemented Breakfast in the Classroom (BIC), offering breakfast directly to students at the start of the school day. Beyond increasing participation, advocates claim BIC improves academic performance, attendance, and engagement. Others caution BIC has deleterious effects on child weight. We use the implementation of BIC in New York City (NYC) to estimate its impact on meals program participation, body mass index (BMI), achievement, and attendance. While we find large effects on participation, our findings provide no evidence of hoped-for gains in academic performance, or of feared increases in obesity. The policy case for BIC will depend upon reductions in hunger and food insecurity for disadvantaged children, or its longer-term effects.

The Binaural Interaction Component in Barn Owl (Tyto alba) Presents few Differences to Mammalian Data.

PubMed

Palanca-Castan, Nicolas; Laumen, Geneviève; Reed, Darrin; Köppl, Christine

2016-12-01

The auditory brainstem response (ABR) is an evoked potential that reflects the responses to sound by brainstem neural centers. The binaural interaction component (BIC) is obtained by subtracting the sum of the monaural ABR responses from the binaural response. Its latency and amplitude change in response to variations in binaural cues. The BIC is thus thought to reflect the activity of binaural nuclei and is used to non-invasively test binaural processing. However, any conclusions are limited by a lack of knowledge of the relevant processes at the level of individual neurons. The aim of this study was to characterize the ABR and BIC in the barn owl, an animal where the ITD-processing neural circuits are known in great detail. We recorded ABR responses to chirps and to 1 and 4 kHz tones from anesthetized barn owls. General characteristics of the barn owl ABR were similar to those observed in other bird species. The most prominent peak of the BIC was associated with nucleus laminaris and is thus likely to reflect the known processes of ITD computation in this nucleus. However, the properties of the BIC were very similar to previously published mammalian data and did not reveal any specific diagnostic features. For example, the polarity of the BIC was negative, which indicates a smaller response to binaural stimulation than predicted by the sum of monaural responses. This is contrary to previous predictions for an excitatory-excitatory system such as nucleus laminaris. Similarly, the change in BIC latency with varying ITD was not distinguishable from mammalian data. Contrary to previous predictions, this behavior appears unrelated to the known underlying neural delay-line circuitry. In conclusion, the generation of the BIC is currently inadequately understood and common assumptions about the BIC need to be reconsidered when interpreting such measurements.

Dose calculations at high altitudes and in deep space with GEANT4 using BIC and JQMD models for nucleus nucleus reactions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sihver, L.; Matthiä, D.; Koi, T.; Mancusi, D.

2008-10-01

Radiation exposure of aircrew is more and more recognized as an occupational hazard. The ionizing environment at standard commercial aircraft flight altitudes consists mainly of secondary particles, of which the neutrons give a major contribution to the dose equivalent. Accurate estimations of neutron spectra in the atmosphere are therefore essential for correct calculations of aircrew doses. Energetic solar particle events (SPE) could also lead to significantly increased dose rates, especially at routes close to the North Pole, e.g. for flights between Europe and USA. It is also well known that the radiation environment encountered by personnel aboard low Earth orbit (LEO) spacecraft or aboard a spacecraft traveling outside the Earth's protective magnetosphere is much harsher compared with that within the atmosphere since the personnel are exposed to radiation from both galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and SPE. The relative contribution to the dose from GCR when traveling outside the Earth's magnetosphere, e.g. to the Moon or Mars, is even greater, and reliable and accurate particle and heavy ion transport codes are essential to calculate the radiation risks for both aircrew and personnel on spacecraft. We have therefore performed calculations of neutron distributions in the atmosphere, total dose equivalents, and quality factors at different depths in a water sphere in an imaginary spacecraft during solar minimum in a geosynchronous orbit. The calculations were performed with the GEANT4 Monte Carlo (MC) code using both the binary cascade (BIC) model, which is part of the standard GEANT4 package, and the JQMD model, which is used in the particle and heavy ion transport code PHITS GEANT4.

The Effect of Breakfast in the Classroom on Obesity and Academic Performance: Evidence from New York City

PubMed Central

Corcoran, Sean P.; Elbel, Brian; Schwartz, Amy Ellen

2016-01-01

Participation in the federally subsidized school breakfast program often falls well below its lunchtime counterpart. To increase take-up, many districts have implemented Breakfast in the Classroom (BIC), offering breakfast directly to students at the start of the school day. Beyond increasing participation, advocates claim BIC improves academic performance, attendance, and engagement. Others caution BIC has deleterious effects on child weight. We use the implementation of BIC in New York City (NYC) to estimate its impact on meals program participation, body mass index (BMI), achievement, and attendance. While we find large effects on participation, our findings provide no evidence of hoped-for gains in academic performance, or of feared increases in obesity. The policy case for BIC will depend upon reductions in hunger and food insecurity for disadvantaged children, or its longer-term effects. PMID:27314139

bicaudal-C is required for the formation of anterior neurogenic ectoderm in the sea urchin embryo.

PubMed

Yaguchi, Shunsuke; Yaguchi, Junko; Inaba, Kazuo

2014-10-31

bicaudal-C (bicC) mRNA encodes a protein containing RNA-binding domains that is reported to be maternally present with deflection in the oocytes/eggs of some species. The translated protein plays a critical role in the regulation of cell fate specification along the body axis during early embryogenesis in flies and frogs. However, it is unclear how it functions in eggs in which bicC mRNA is uniformly distributed, for instance, sea urchin eggs. Here, we show the function of BicC in the formation of neurogenic ectoderm of the sea urchin embryo. Loss-of-function experiments reveal that BicC is required for serotonergic neurogenesis and for expression of ankAT-1 gene, which is essential for the formation of apical tuft cilia in the neurogenic ectoderm of the sea urchin embryo. In contrast, the expression of FoxQ2, the neurogenic ectoderm specification transcription factor, is invariant in BicC morphants. Because FoxQ2 is an upstream factor of serotonergic neurogenesis and ankAT-1 expression, these data indicate that BicC functions in regulating the events that are coordinated by FoxQ2 during sea urchin embryogenesis.

50 CFR Table 14b to Part 679 - Port of Landing Codes: Non-Alaska

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Port of Landing Codes: Non-Alaska 14b... ALASKA Pt. 679, Table 14b Table 14b to Part 679—Port of Landing Codes: Non-Alaska (California, Canada... report a landing at a location not currently assigned a location code number, use the code for “Other...

50 CFR Table 14b to Part 679 - Port of Landing Codes: Non-Alaska

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Port of Landing Codes: Non-Alaska 14b... ALASKA Pt. 679, Table 14b Table 14b to Part 679—Port of Landing Codes: Non-Alaska (California, Canada... report a landing at a location not currently assigned a location code number, use the code for “Other...

BicPAMS: software for biological data analysis with pattern-based biclustering.

PubMed

Henriques, Rui; Ferreira, Francisco L; Madeira, Sara C

2017-02-02

Biclustering has been largely applied for the unsupervised analysis of biological data, being recognised today as a key technique to discover putative modules in both expression data (subsets of genes correlated in subsets of conditions) and network data (groups of coherently interconnected biological entities). However, given its computational complexity, only recent breakthroughs on pattern-based biclustering enabled efficient searches without the restrictions that state-of-the-art biclustering algorithms place on the structure and homogeneity of biclusters. As a result, pattern-based biclustering provides the unprecedented opportunity to discover non-trivial yet meaningful biological modules with putative functions, whose coherency and tolerance to noise can be tuned and made problem-specific. To enable the effective use of pattern-based biclustering by the scientific community, we developed BicPAMS (Biclustering based on PAttern Mining Software), a software that: 1) makes available state-of-the-art pattern-based biclustering algorithms (BicPAM (Henriques and Madeira, Alg Mol Biol 9:27, 2014), BicNET (Henriques and Madeira, Alg Mol Biol 11:23, 2016), BicSPAM (Henriques and Madeira, BMC Bioinforma 15:130, 2014), BiC2PAM (Henriques and Madeira, Alg Mol Biol 11:1-30, 2016), BiP (Henriques and Madeira, IEEE/ACM Trans Comput Biol Bioinforma, 2015), DeBi (Serin and Vingron, AMB 6:1-12, 2011) and BiModule (Okada et al., IPSJ Trans Bioinf 48(SIG5):39-48, 2007)); 2) consistently integrates their dispersed contributions; 3) further explores additional accuracy and efficiency gains; and 4) makes available graphical and application programming interfaces. Results on both synthetic and real data confirm the relevance of BicPAMS for biological data analysis, highlighting its essential role for the discovery of putative modules with non-trivial yet biologically significant functions from expression and network data. BicPAMS is the first biclustering tool offering the possibility to: 1) parametrically customize the structure, coherency and quality of biclusters; 2) analyze large-scale biological networks; and 3) tackle the restrictive assumptions placed by state-of-the-art biclustering algorithms. These contributions are shown to be key for an adequate, complete and user-assisted unsupervised analysis of biological data. BicPAMS and its tutorial available in http://www.bicpams.com .

[Effect of anti-cancer drugs on the expression of BIC/miR-155 in human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells].

PubMed

Xia, Qi-sheng; Ishigaki, Yasuhito; Sun, Li; Chen, Rui; Motoo, Yoshiharu

2010-01-12

To investigate the effect of anti-cancer drugs on the expression of B-cell integration cluster (BIC) RNA/miRNA-155 in human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells. PANC-1 cells were treated with different concentrations of anti-cancer drugs. Total RNA of the treated cells were harvested and the expression levels of BIC RNA and mature miR-155 were quantified by using Taqman FAM/MGB probes on a real-time PCR system. Relative quantification was carried out using the DeltaDeltaCt method. A PI3K-related kinases inhibitor was used to determine whether these kinases were involved in the regulation of BIC RNA. The expression of BIC RNA was strongly induced by anti-cancer drugs. When PANC-1 cells were treated by gemcitabine with concentrations of 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 mg/L for 48 h and 72 h, the level of BIC RNA (48 h: 37.1 +/- 4.1, 29.0 +/- 5.7, 21.0 +/- 7.6, 40.4 +/- 9.0, 72 h: 27.7 +/- 3.1, 43.1 +/- 1.2, 31.8 +/- 5.4, 23.1 +/- 1.4) were significantly higher than that of the control (48 h: 1.6 +/- 1.1, 72 h: 1.0 +/- 0.1, all P < 0.05). 5-FU (10 mg/L, 48 h) and bleomycin (100 mg/L, 48 h) also induced BIC RNA up-regulation (5.2 +/- 1.1 vs 1.7 +/- 0.7, 11.5 +/- 0.7 vs 1.7 +/- 0.7, both P < 0.05). When PANC-1 cells treated with 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 mg/L gemcitabine for 72 h, the level of miR-155 (2.21 +/- 0.40, 1.86 +/- 0.03, 2.47 +/- 0.04, 3.24 +/- 0.05) also higher than that of the control (1.11 +/- 0.09, P < 0.05), while no change was observed when the cells only treated for 48 h. Further study showed gemcitabine-induced BIC RNA up-regulation was inhibited by wortmannin, a specific PI3K inhibitor, the expression levels of BIC RNA of 1 micromol/L wortmannin + 5 mg/L gemcitabine group and 10 micromol/L wortmannin + 5 mg/L gemcitabine group were 5.34 +/- 1.11 and 1.26 +/- 0.07, lower than that of 5 mg/L gemcitabine group (11.82 +/- 3.11, P < 0.05). BIC RNA is strongly induced by anti-cancer drugs in PANC-1 cells and the levels of miR-155 also slightly increase. PI3K pathway is involved in gemcitabine-induced BIC RNA up-regulation.

CRISPR-Cas9 vectors for genome editing and host engineering in the baculovirus-insect cell system.

PubMed

Mabashi-Asazuma, Hideaki; Jarvis, Donald L

2017-08-22

The baculovirus-insect cell system (BICS) has been widely used to produce many different recombinant proteins for basic research and is being used to produce several biologics approved for use in human or veterinary medicine. Early BICS were technically complex and constrained by the relatively primordial nature of insect cell protein glycosylation pathways. Since then, recombination has been used to modify baculovirus vectors-which has simplified the system-and transform insect cells, which has enhanced its protein glycosylation capabilities. Now, CRISPR-Cas9 tools for site-specific genome editing are needed to facilitate further improvements in the BICS. Thus, in this study, we used various insect U6 promoters to construct CRISPR-Cas9 vectors and assessed their utility for site-specific genome editing in two insect cell lines commonly used as hosts in the BICS. We demonstrate the use of CRISPR-Cas9 to edit an endogenous insect cell gene and alter protein glycosylation in the BICS.

Abnormalities in the Visual Processing of Viewing Complex Visual Stimuli Amongst Individuals With Body Image Concern.

PubMed

Duncum, A J F; Atkins, K J; Beilharz, F L; Mundy, M E

2016-01-01

Individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and clinically concerning body-image concern (BIC) appear to possess abnormalities in the way they perceive visual information in the form of a bias towards local visual processing. As inversion interrupts normal global processing, forcing individuals to process locally, an upright-inverted stimulus discrimination task was used to investigate this phenomenon. We examined whether individuals with nonclinical, yet high levels of BIC would show signs of this bias, in the form of reduced inversion effects (i.e., increased local processing). Furthermore, we assessed whether this bias appeared for general visual stimuli or specifically for appearance-related stimuli, such as faces and bodies. Participants with high-BIC (n = 25) and low-BIC (n = 30) performed a stimulus discrimination task with upright and inverted faces, scenes, objects, and bodies. Unexpectedly, the high-BIC group showed an increased inversion effect compared to the low-BIC group, indicating perceptual abnormalities may not be present as local processing biases, as originally thought. There was no significant difference in performance across stimulus types, signifying that any visual processing abnormalities may be general rather than appearance-based. This has important implications for whether visual processing abnormalities are predisposing factors for BDD or develop throughout the disorder.

Osseoconductivity of a Specific Streptavidin-Biotin-Fibronectin Surface Coating of Biotinylated Titanium Implants - A Rabbit Animal Study.

PubMed

Kämmerer, Peer W; Lehnert, Michael; Al-Nawas, Bilal; Kumar, Vinay V; Hagmann, Sebastien; Alshihri, Abdulmonem; Frerich, Bernhard; Veith, Michael

2015-10-01

Biofunctionalized implant surfaces may accelerate bony integration and increase long-term stability. The aim of the study was to evaluate the osseous reaction toward biomimetic titanium implants surfaces coated with quasicovalent immobilized fibronectin in an in vivo animal model. A total of 84 implants (uncoated [control 1, n = 36], streptavidin-biotin coated [test 1, n = 24], streptavidin-biotin-fibronectin coated [test 2, n = 24]) were inserted 1 mm supracortically in the proximal tibia of 12 rabbits. The samples were examined after 3 and 6 weeks. Total bone-implant contact (tBIC; %), bone-implant contact in the cortical (cBIC; %) and in the spongious bone (sBIC; %) as well as the percentage of linear bone fill (PLF; %) were evaluated. After 3 weeks, streptavidin-biotin-fibronectin implants had a significant higher sBIC (p = .043) and PLF (p = .007) compared with the uncoated samples. After 6 weeks, this difference was significant for tBIC (p = .016) and cBIC (p < .001). Additionally, uncoated screws showed a significant higher sBIC when compared with the fibronectin coating (p < .001). Streptavidin-biotin-coated implants showed less bone growth at both time points of all examined parameters when compared with their counterparts (all p < .001). Quasicovalent immobilization of biotinylated fibronectin with the streptavidin-biotin-fibronectin system on smooth surface titanium shows a beneficial faster osseous healing in vivo. Besides, an antifouling effect of the streptavidin-biotin coating was proven. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Efficacies of Cabotegravir and Bictegravir against drug-resistant HIV-1 integrase mutants.

PubMed

Smith, Steven J; Zhao, Xue Zhi; Burke, Terrence R; Hughes, Stephen H

2018-05-16

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are the class of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs most recently approved by the FDA for the treatment of HIV-1 infections. INSTIs block the strand transfer reaction catalyzed by HIV-1 integrase (IN) and have been shown to potently inhibit infection by wild-type HIV-1. Of the three current FDA-approved INSTIs, Dolutegravir (DTG), has been the most effective, in part because treatment does not readily select for resistant mutants. However, recent studies showed that when INSTI-experienced patients are put on a DTG-salvage therapy, they have reduced response rates. Two new INSTIs, Cabotegravir (CAB) and Bictegravir (BIC), are currently in late-stage clinical trials. Both CAB and BIC had much broader antiviral profiles than RAL and EVG against the INSTI-resistant single, double, and triple HIV-1 mutants used in this study. BIC was more effective than DTG against several INSTI-resistant mutants. Overall, in terms of their ability to inhibit a broad range of INSTI-resistant IN mutants, BIC was superior to DTG, and DTG was superior to CAB. Modeling the binding of CAB, BIC, and DTG within the active site of IN suggested that the "left side" of the INSTI pharmacophore (the side away from the viral DNA) was important in determining the ability of the compound to inhibit the IN mutants we tested. Of the two INSTIs in late stage clinical trials, BIC appears to be better able to inhibit the replication of a broad range of IN mutants. BIC retained potency against several of the INSTI-resistant mutants that caused a decrease in susceptibility to DTG.

50 CFR Table 3c to Part 680 - Crab Product Codes for Economic Data Reports

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Crab Product Codes for Economic Data Reports 3c Table 3c to Part 680 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL... EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OFF ALASKA Pt. 680, Table 3c Table 3c to Part 680—Crab Product Codes for Economic...

50 CFR Table 3c to Part 680 - Crab Product Codes for Economic Data Reports

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 13 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Crab Product Codes for Economic Data Reports 3c Table 3c to Part 680 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL... EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OFF ALASKA Pt. 680, Table 3c Table 3c to Part 680—Crab Product Codes for Economic...

50 CFR Table 3c to Part 680 - Crab Product Codes for Economic Data Reports

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Crab Product Codes for Economic Data Reports 3c Table 3c to Part 680 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL... EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OFF ALASKA Pt. 680, Table 3c Table 3c to Part 680—Crab Product Codes for Economic...

Predictability of Seasonal Rainfall over the Greater Horn of Africa

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ngaina, J. N.

2016-12-01

The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a primary mode of climate variability in the Greater of Africa (GHA). The expected impacts of climate variability and change on water, agriculture, and food resources in GHA underscore the importance of reliable and accurate seasonal climate predictions. The study evaluated different model selection criteria which included the Coefficient of determination (R2), Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), and the Fisher information approximation (FIA). A forecast scheme based on the optimal model was developed to predict the October-November-December (OND) and March-April-May (MAM) rainfall. The predictability of GHA rainfall based on ENSO was quantified based on composite analysis, correlations and contingency tables. A test for field-significance considering the properties of finiteness and interdependence of the spatial grid was applied to avoid correlations by chance. The study identified FIA as the optimal model selection criterion. However, complex model selection criteria (FIA followed by BIC) performed better compared to simple approach (R2 and AIC). Notably, operational seasonal rainfall predictions over the GHA makes of simple model selection procedures e.g. R2. Rainfall is modestly predictable based on ENSO during OND and MAM seasons. El Nino typically leads to wetter conditions during OND and drier conditions during MAM. The correlations of ENSO indices with rainfall are statistically significant for OND and MAM seasons. Analysis based on contingency tables shows higher predictability of OND rainfall with the use of ENSO indices derived from the Pacific and Indian Oceans sea surfaces showing significant improvement during OND season. The predictability based on ENSO for OND rainfall is robust on a decadal scale compared to MAM. An ENSO-based scheme based on an optimal model selection criterion can thus provide skillful rainfall predictions over GHA. This study concludes that the negative phase of ENSO (La Niña) leads to dry conditions while the positive phase of ENSO (El Niño) anticipates enhanced wet conditions

Comparative 3D micro-CT and 2D histomorphometry analysis of dental implant osseointegration in the maxilla of minipigs.

PubMed

Bissinger, Oliver; Probst, Florian Andreas; Wolff, Klaus-Dietrich; Jeschke, Anke; Weitz, Jochen; Deppe, Herbert; Kolk, Andreas

2017-04-01

The bone implant contact (BIC) has traditionally been evaluated with histological methods. Thereupon, strong correlations of two-dimensional (2D) BIC have been detected between μCT and destructive histology. However, due to the high intra-sample variability in BIC values, one histological slice is not sufficient to represent 3D BIC. Therefore, our aim has been to correlate the averaged values of 3-4 histological sections to 3D μCT. Fifty-four implants inserted into the maxilla of 14 minipigs were evaluated. Two different time points were selected to assess the 3D BIC (distance to implant: 2-5 voxels), an inner ring (6-30 voxels) and an outer ring (55-100 voxels) using μCT (voxel size: 10 μm) and to correlate the values to histomorphometry. Strong correlations (p < 0.0001; 28 days, 56 days, total) were seen between μCT and histomorphometry concerning BIC (r = 0.84, r = 0.85, r = 0.83), the inner ring (r = 0.87, r = 0.87, r = 0.88) and the outer ring (r = 0.85, r = 0.85, r = 0.88). Closer to the implant, μCT values were higher compared with histomorphometry. Although 3-4 histological slices per implant seem to predict the 3D BIC, μCT might be advantageous because of its non-destructive 3D character. The healing time may not impact on the comparability. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Block ionomer complexes of PEG-block-poly(4-vinylbenzylphosphonate) and cationic surfactants as highly stable, pH responsive drug delivery system.

PubMed

Kamimura, Masao; Kim, Jong Oh; Kabanov, Alexander V; Bronich, Tatiana K; Nagasaki, Yukio

2012-06-28

A new family of block ionomer complexes (BIC) formed by poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(4-vinylbenzylphosphonate) (PEG-b-PVBP) and various cationic surfactants was prepared and characterized. These complexes spontaneously self-assembled in aqueous solutions into particles with average size of 40-60nm and remained soluble over the entire range of the compositions of the mixtures including stoichiometric electroneutral complexes. Solution behavior and physicochemical properties of such BIC were very sensitive to the structure of cationic surfactants. Furthermore, such complexation was used for incorporation of cationic anti-cancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX), into the core of BIC with high loading capacity and efficiency. The DOX/PEG-b-PVBP BIC also displayed high stability against dilution, changes in ionic strength. Furthermore, DOX release at the extracellular pH of DOX/PEG-b-PVBP BIC was slow. It was greatly increased at the acidic pH mimicking the endosomal/lysosomal environment. Confocal fluorescence microscopy using live MCF-7 breast cancer cells suggested that DOX/PEG-b-PVBP BICs are transported to lysosomes. Subsequently, the drugs are released and exert cytotoxic effect killing these cancer cells. These findings indicate that the obtained complexes can be attractive candidates for delivery of cationic drugs to tumors. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Controlling 212Bi to 212Pb activity concentration ratio in thoron chambers.

PubMed

He, Zhengzhong; Xiao, Detao; Lv, Lidan; Zhou, Qingzhi; Shan, Jian; Qiu, Shoukang; Wu, Xijun

2017-11-01

It is necessary to establish a reference atmosphere in a thoron chamber containing various ratios of 212 Bi to 212 Pb activity concentrations (C( 212 Bi)/C( 212 Pb)) to simulate typical environmental conditions (e.g., indoor or underground atmospheres). In this study, a novel method was developed for establishing and controlling C( 212 Bi)/C( 212 Pb) in a thoron chamber system based on an aging chamber and air recirculation loops which alter the ventilation rate. The effects of main factors on the C( 212 Bi)/C( 212 Pb) were explored, and a steady-state theoretical model was derived to calculate the ratio. The results show that the C( 212 Bi)/C( 212 Pb) inside the chamber is mainly dependent on ventilation rate. Ratios ranging from 0.33 to 0.83 are available under various ventilation. The stability coefficient of the ratios is better than 7%. The experimental results are close to the theoretical calculated results, which indicates that the model can serve as a guideline for the quantitative control of C( 212 Bi)/C( 212 Pb). Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A new audience segmentation tool for African Americans: the black identity classification scale.

PubMed

Davis, Rachel E; Alexander, Gwen; Calvi, Josephine; Wiese, Cheryl; Greene, Sarah; Nowak, Mike; Cross, William E; Resnicow, Ken

2010-07-01

Many health communications target African Americans in an attempt to remediate race-based health disparities. Such materials often assume that African Americans are culturally homogeneous; however, research indicates that African Americans are heterogeneous in their attitudes, behaviors, and beliefs. The Black Identity Classification Scale (BICS) was designed as a telephone-administered tool to segment African American audiences into 16 ethnic identity types. The BICS was pretested using focus groups, telephone pretests, and a pilot study (n = 306). The final scale then was administered to 625 Black adults participating in a dietary intervention study, where it generally demonstrated good internal consistency reliability. The construct validity of the BICS also was explored by comparing participants' responses to culturally associated survey items. The distribution of the 16 BICS identity types in the intervention study is presented, as well as select characteristics for participants with core identity components. Although additional research is warranted, these findings suggest that the BICS has good psychometric properties and may be an effective tool for identifying African American audience segments.

A New Audience Segmentation Tool for African Americans: The Black Identity Classification Scale

PubMed Central

DAVIS, RACHEL E.; ALEXANDER, GWEN; CALVI, JOSEPHINE; WIESE, CHERYL; GREENE, SARAH; NOWAK, MIKE; CROSS, WILLIAM E.; RESNICOW, KEN

2011-01-01

Many health communications target African Americans in an attempt to remediate race-based health disparities. Such materials often assume that African Americans are culturally homogeneous; however, research indicates that African Americans are heterogeneous in their attitudes, behaviors, and beliefs. The Black Identity Classification Scale (BICS) was designed as a telephone-administered tool to segment African American audiences into 16 ethnic identity types. The BICS was pretested using focus groups, telephone pretests, and a pilot study (n=306). The final scale was then administered to 625 Black adults participating in a dietary intervention study, where it generally demonstrated good internal consistency reliability. The construct validity of the BICS was also explored by comparing participants’ responses to culturally associated survey items. The distribution of the 16 BICS identity types in the intervention study is presented, as well as select characteristics for participants with core identity components. Although additional research is warranted, these findings suggest that the BICS has good psychometric properties and may be an effective tool for identifying African American audience segments. PMID:20677057

Controlling Directionality and Dimensionality of Radiation by Perturbing Separable Bound States in the Continuum

DOE PAGES

Rivera, Nicholas; Hsu, Chia Wei; Zhen, Bo; ...

2016-09-19

Here, a bound state in the continuum (BIC) is an unusual localized state that is embedded in a continuum of extended states. Here, we present the general condition for BICs to arise from wave equation separability. Then we show that by exploiting perturbations of certain symmetry such BICs can be turned into resonances that radiate with a tailorable directionality and dimensionality. Using this general framework, we construct new examples of separable BICs and resonances that can exist in optical potentials for ultracold atoms, photonic systems, and systems described by tight binding. Such resonances with easily reconfigurable radiation allow for applicationsmore » such as the storage and release of waves at a controllable rate and direction, as well systems that switch between different dimensions of confinement.« less

A Wideband Circularly Polarized Pixelated Dielectric Resonator Antenna.

PubMed

Trinh-Van, Son; Yang, Youngoo; Lee, Kang-Yoon; Hwang, Keum Cheol

2016-08-23

The design of a wideband circularly polarized pixelated dielectric resonator antenna using a real-coded genetic algorithm (GA) is presented for far-field wireless power transfer applications. The antenna consists of a dielectric resonator (DR) which is discretized into 8 × 8 grid DR bars. The real-coded GA is utilized to estimate the optimal heights of the 64 DR bars to realize circular polarization. The proposed antenna is excited by a narrow rectangular slot etched on the ground plane. A prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated and tested. The measured -10 dB reflection and 3 dB axial ratio bandwidths are 32.32% (2.62-3.63 GHz) and 14.63% (2.85-3.30 GHz), respectively. A measured peak gain of 6.13 dBic is achieved at 3.2 GHz.

Evaluating the effects of caffeine and sodium bicarbonate, ingested individually or in combination, and a taste-matched placebo on high-intensity cycling capacity in healthy males.

PubMed

Higgins, Matthew F; Wilson, Susie; Hill, Cameron; Price, Mike J; Duncan, Mike; Tallis, Jason

2016-04-01

This study evaluated the effects of ingesting sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or caffeine individually or in combination on high-intensity cycling capacity. In a counterbalanced, crossover design, 13 healthy, noncycling trained males (age: 21 ± 3 years, height: 178 ± 6 cm, body mass: 76 ± 12 kg, peak power output (Wpeak): 230 ± 34 W, peak oxygen uptake: 46 ± 8 mL·kg(-1)·min(-1)) performed a graded incremental exercise test, 2 familiarisation trials, and 4 experimental trials. Trials consisted of cycling to volitional exhaustion at 100% Wpeak (TLIM) 60 min after ingesting a solution containing either (i) 0.3 g·kg(-1) body mass sodium bicarbonate (BIC), (ii) 5 mg·kg(-1) body mass caffeine plus 0.1 g·kg(-1) body mass sodium chloride (CAF), (iii) 0.3 g·kg(-1) body mass sodium bicarbonate plus 5 mg·kg(-1) body mass caffeine (BIC-CAF), or (iv) 0.1 g·kg(-1) body mass sodium chloride (PLA). Experimental solutions were administered double-blind. Pre-exercise, at the end of exercise, and 5-min postexercise blood pH, base excess, and bicarbonate ion concentration ([HCO3(-)]) were significantly elevated for BIC and BIC-CAF compared with CAF and PLA. TLIM (median; interquartile range) was significantly greater for CAF (399; 350-415 s; P = 0.039; r = 0.6) and BIC-CAF (367; 333-402 s; P = 0.028; r = 0.6) compared with BIC (313: 284-448 s) although not compared with PLA (358; 290-433 s; P = 0.249, r = 0.3 and P = 0.099 and r = 0.5, respectively). There were no differences between PLA and BIC (P = 0.196; r = 0.4) or between CAF and BIC-CAF (P = 0.753; r = 0.1). Relatively large inter- and intra-individual variation was observed when comparing treatments and therefore an individual approach to supplementation appears warranted.

Generation of TNFalpha and interleukin-6 by peritoneal macrophages after overnight dwells with bicarbonate- or lactate-buffered dialysis fluid.

PubMed

Liberek, Tomasz; Lichodziejewska-Niemierko, Monika; Knopinska-Posluszny, Wanda; Schaub, Thomas P; Kirchgessner, Judith; Passlick-Deetjen, Jutta; Rutkowski, Boleslaw

2002-01-01

In order to evaluate the biocompatibility profile of a newly designed peritoneal dialysis fluid (PDF), we evaluated peritoneal leukocyte (PMphi) cytokine release following overnight in vivo dwells using standard, lactate-buffered, single-chamber bag PDF (Lac-PDF) and purely bicarbonate-buffered, double-chamber bag PDF containing 34 (Bic-PDF) or 39 (Bic Hi-PDF) mmol/L bicarbonate. A randomized, open, crossover clinical trial with single weekly test dwells was performed in stable, long-term continuous ambulatory PD patients (n = 8). During 8-hour overnight dwells, PMphi were exposed to different PDF containing 1.5% glucose. After drainage, peritoneal cells were isolated and incubated with RPMI 1640 medium for 2 or 3 hours, with and without stimulation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Ex vivo release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-6 was measured by specific ELISA technique. After pre-exposure to Lac-PDF, PMphi generated 242 +/- 279 pg TNFalpha/10(6) cells and 157 +/- 105 pg IL-6/10(6) cells. When pre-exposed to Bic-PDF and Bic Hi-PDF, TNFa and IL-6 production of PMphi was not significantly different from Lac-PDF. After LPS stimulation (100 ng/mL), PMD secretion of TNFalpha and IL-6 pre-exposed to three PDF revealed no significant differences between groups: TNFalpha was 2,864 +/- 1,216, 2,910 +/- 1,202, and 3,291 +/- 558 pg/10(6) cells after overnight dwells with Lac-PDF, Bic-PDF, and Bic Hi-PDF, respectively. Comparably, LPS-stimulated (100 pg/ mL) PMphi showed IL-6 secretion of 891 +/- 335, 1,380 +/- 1,149, and 1,442 +/- 966 pg/10(6) cells for Lac-PDF, Bic-PDF, and Bic Hi-PDF. After long-term overnight dwells, initial pH, the different buffers, and varying glucose degradation product levels of PDF do not strongly affect PMphi function with respect to cytokine release. The lack of significant differences between fluids may result from the complete dialysate equilibration achieved during the overnight intraperitoneal dwell.

Competitive chiral induction in a 2D molecular assembly: Intrinsic chirality versus coadsorber-induced chirality.

PubMed

Chen, Ting; Li, Shu-Ying; Wang, Dong; Wan, Li-Jun

2017-11-01

Noncovalently introducing stereogenic information is a promising approach to embed chirality in achiral molecular systems. However, the interplay of the noncovalently introduced chirality with the intrinsic chirality of molecules or molecular aggregations has rarely been addressed. We report a competitive chiral expression of the noncovalent interaction-mediated chirality induction and the intrinsic stereogenic center-controlled chirality induction in a two-dimensional (2D) molecular assembly at the liquid/solid interface. Two enantiomorphous honeycomb networks are formed by the coassembly of an achiral 5-(benzyloxy)isophthalic acid (BIC) derivative and 1-octanol at the liquid/solid interface. The preferential formation of the globally homochiral assembly can be achieved either by using the chiral analog of 1-octanol, ( S )-6-methyl-1-octanol, as a chiral coadsorber to induce chirality to the BIC assembly via noncovalent hydrogen bonding or by covalently linking a chiral center in the side chain of BIC. Both the chiral coadsorber and the intrinsically chiral BIC derivative can act as a chiral seeds to induce a preferred handedness in the assembly of the achiral BIC derivatives. Furthermore, the noncovalent interaction-mediated chirality induction can restrain or even overrule the manifestation of the intrinsic chirality of the BIC molecule and dominate the handedness of the 2D molecular coassembly. This study provides insight into the interplay of intrinsically chiral centers and external chiral coadsorbers in the chiral induction, transfer, and amplification processes of 2D molecular assembly.

Competitive chiral induction in a 2D molecular assembly: Intrinsic chirality versus coadsorber-induced chirality

PubMed Central

Chen, Ting; Li, Shu-Ying; Wang, Dong; Wan, Li-Jun

2017-01-01

Noncovalently introducing stereogenic information is a promising approach to embed chirality in achiral molecular systems. However, the interplay of the noncovalently introduced chirality with the intrinsic chirality of molecules or molecular aggregations has rarely been addressed. We report a competitive chiral expression of the noncovalent interaction–mediated chirality induction and the intrinsic stereogenic center–controlled chirality induction in a two-dimensional (2D) molecular assembly at the liquid/solid interface. Two enantiomorphous honeycomb networks are formed by the coassembly of an achiral 5-(benzyloxy)isophthalic acid (BIC) derivative and 1-octanol at the liquid/solid interface. The preferential formation of the globally homochiral assembly can be achieved either by using the chiral analog of 1-octanol, (S)-6-methyl-1-octanol, as a chiral coadsorber to induce chirality to the BIC assembly via noncovalent hydrogen bonding or by covalently linking a chiral center in the side chain of BIC. Both the chiral coadsorber and the intrinsically chiral BIC derivative can act as a chiral seeds to induce a preferred handedness in the assembly of the achiral BIC derivatives. Furthermore, the noncovalent interaction–mediated chirality induction can restrain or even overrule the manifestation of the intrinsic chirality of the BIC molecule and dominate the handedness of the 2D molecular coassembly. This study provides insight into the interplay of intrinsically chiral centers and external chiral coadsorbers in the chiral induction, transfer, and amplification processes of 2D molecular assembly. PMID:29119137

GABAergic regulation of REM sleep in reticularis pontis oralis and caudalis in rats.

PubMed

Sanford, Larry D; Tang, Xiangdong; Xiao, Jihua; Ross, Richard J; Morrison, Adrian R

2003-08-01

The nucleus reticularis pontis oralis (RPO) and nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis (RPC) are implicated in the generation of rapid eye movement sleep (REM). Work in cats has indicated that GABA in RPO plays a role in the regulation of REM. We assessed REM after local microinjections into RPO and RPC of the gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABA(A)) agonist, muscimol (MUS), and the GABA(A) antagonist, bicuculline (BIC). Rats (90-day-old male Sprague-Dawley) were implanted with electrodes for recording electroencephalographs (EEG) and electromyographs (EMG). Guide cannulae were aimed into RPO (n = 9) and RPC (n = 8) for microinjecting MUS (200, 1,000.0 microM) and BIC (0.056, 0.333, 1.0, 1,000.0, and 10,000.0 microM). Animals received bilateral microinjections of saline, MUS, and BIC (0.2 microl microinjected at 0.1 microl/min) into each region followed by 6-h sleep recordings. In RPO, MUS (1,000.0 microM) suppressed REM and BIC (1,000.0 microM) enhanced REM. In RPC, MUS (200, 1,000.0 microM) suppressed REM, but BIC (1,000.0 microM and less) did not significantly affect REM. Higher concentrations of BIC (10,000.0 microM) injected into RPO (n = 9) and RPC (n = 4) produced wakefulness and escape behavior. The results indicate that GABA in RPO/RPC is involved in the regulation of REM and suggest site-specific differences in this regulation.

Antibody-Mediated Complement C3b/iC3b Binding to Group B Streptococcus in Paired Mother and Baby Serum Samples in a Refugee Population on the Thailand-Myanmar Border

PubMed Central

Herbert, Jenny; Thomas, Stephen; Brookes, Charlotte; Turner, Claudia; Turner, Paul; Nosten, Francois; Le Doare, Kirsty; Hudson, Michael; Heath, Paul T.; Gorringe, Andrew

2015-01-01

Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus [GBS]) is the leading cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. In this study, we determined antibody-mediated deposition of complement C3b/iC3b onto the bacterial cell surface of GBS serotypes Ia, Ib, II, III, and V. This was determined for 520 mother and umbilical cord serum sample pairs obtained at the time of birth from a population on the Thailand-Myanmar border. Antibody-mediated deposition of complement C3b/iC3b was detected to at least one serotype in 91% of mothers, despite a known carriage rate in this population of only 12%. Antibody-mediated C3b/iC3b deposition corresponded to known carriage rates, with the highest levels of complement deposition observed onto the most prevalent serotype (serotype II) followed by serotypes Ia, III, V, and Ib. Finally, neonates born to mothers carrying serotype II GBS at the time of birth showed higher antibody-mediated C3b/iC3b deposition against serotype II GBS than neonates born to mothers with no serotype II carriage. Assessment of antibody-mediated C3b/iC3b deposition against GBS may provide insights into the seroepidemiology of anti-GBS antibodies in mothers and infants in different populations. PMID:25589553

Translocation of Magnaporthe oryzae effectors into rice cells and their subsequent cell-to-cell movement.

PubMed

Khang, Chang Hyun; Berruyer, Romain; Giraldo, Martha C; Kankanala, Prasanna; Park, Sook-Young; Czymmek, Kirk; Kang, Seogchan; Valent, Barbara

2010-04-01

Knowledge remains limited about how fungal pathogens that colonize living plant cells translocate effector proteins inside host cells to regulate cellular processes and neutralize defense responses. To cause the globally important rice blast disease, specialized invasive hyphae (IH) invade successive living rice (Oryza sativa) cells while enclosed in host-derived extrainvasive hyphal membrane. Using live-cell imaging, we identified a highly localized structure, the biotrophic interfacial complex (BIC), which accumulates fluorescently labeled effectors secreted by IH. In each newly entered rice cell, effectors were first secreted into BICs at the tips of the initially filamentous hyphae in the cell. These tip BICs were left behind beside the first-differentiated bulbous IH cells as the fungus continued to colonize the host cell. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching experiments showed that the effector protein PWL2 (for prevents pathogenicity toward weeping lovegrass [Eragrostis curvula]) continued to accumulate in BICs after IH were growing elsewhere. PWL2 and BAS1 (for biotrophy-associated secreted protein 1), BIC-localized secreted proteins, were translocated into the rice cytoplasm. By contrast, BAS4, which uniformly outlines the IH, was not translocated into the host cytoplasm. Fluorescent PWL2 and BAS1 proteins that reached the rice cytoplasm moved into uninvaded neighbors, presumably preparing host cells before invasion. We report robust assays for elucidating the molecular mechanisms that underpin effector secretion into BICs, translocation to the rice cytoplasm, and cell-to-cell movement in rice.

Polynomial order selection in random regression models via penalizing adaptively the likelihood.

PubMed

Corrales, J D; Munilla, S; Cantet, R J C

2015-08-01

Orthogonal Legendre polynomials (LP) are used to model the shape of additive genetic and permanent environmental effects in random regression models (RRM). Frequently, the Akaike (AIC) and the Bayesian (BIC) information criteria are employed to select LP order. However, it has been theoretically shown that neither AIC nor BIC is simultaneously optimal in terms of consistency and efficiency. Thus, the goal was to introduce a method, 'penalizing adaptively the likelihood' (PAL), as a criterion to select LP order in RRM. Four simulated data sets and real data (60,513 records, 6675 Colombian Holstein cows) were employed. Nested models were fitted to the data, and AIC, BIC and PAL were calculated for all of them. Results showed that PAL and BIC identified with probability of one the true LP order for the additive genetic and permanent environmental effects, but AIC tended to favour over parameterized models. Conversely, when the true model was unknown, PAL selected the best model with higher probability than AIC. In the latter case, BIC never favoured the best model. To summarize, PAL selected a correct model order regardless of whether the 'true' model was within the set of candidates. © 2015 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

Differences in crestal bone-to-implant contact following an under-drilling compared to an over-drilling protocol. A study in the rabbit tibia.

PubMed

Cohen, Omer; Ormianer, Zeev; Tal, Haim; Rothamel, Daniel; Weinreb, Miron; Moses, Ofer

2016-12-01

The objective of this study is to compare bone-to-implant contact (BIC) between implants inserted at high torque due to under-drilling of the crestal bone to those inserted at low torque due to over-drilling of the crestal bone. Forty implants with diameters of 3.75 mm (group A) or 3.55 mm (group B) were inserted in the proximal tibiae of NZW rabbits in two separate surgeries on day 0 or 21. Osteotomy of the crestal bone was finalized with a 3.65-mm drill. In group A, implants were inserted at torque ≥35 Ncm (under-drilling) and in group B with torque <10 Ncm (over-drilling). Implants and their surrounding bone were retrieved on day 42, thus creating 3- and 6-week observation periods, processed for non-decalcified histology and stained with toluidine blue. Crestal BIC (c-BIC) and total BIC (t-BIC) were measured. Wilcoxon test was used to evaluate differences between groups. Three weeks post-surgery, the mean c-BIC in group A was 16.3 ± 3.3 vs 31.5 ± 3.4 % in group B (P < 0.05). At 6 weeks, a similar trend was observed (group A: 28.7 ± 3.6 %; group B: 38.4 ± 4.9 %) (P > 0.05). No differences in t-BIC were noted at 3 weeks and at 6 weeks between the groups. Insertion of implants with an over-drilling protocol of the crestal aspect of the osteotomy resulted in increased short-term crestal bone-to-implant contact. Insertion of implants with a high torque following an under-drilling protocol, commonly used for immediate loading, may reduce crestal bone-to-implant contact at early healing stages.

Effect of insertion torque on titanium implant osseointegration: an animal experimental study.

PubMed

Duyck, Joke; Roesems, Rutger; Cardoso, Marcio V; Ogawa, Toru; De Villa Camargos, Germana; Vandamme, Katleen

2015-02-01

To evaluate the effect of implant insertion torque on the peri-implant bone healing and implant osseointegration. Bilaterally in the tibia of five adult New Zealand white rabbits, 20 implants were installed, subdivided into four groups, corresponding to two insertion torque conditions (low, < 10 Ncm vs. high > 50 Ncm) and 2 experimental periods (2 weeks vs. 4 weeks of healing). The implant insertion torque was determined by the surgical drill diameter relative to the implant diameter. Implant osseointegration was evaluated by quantitative histology (bone-to-implant contact with host bone [BIC-host], with neoformed bone [BIC-de novo], with both bone types [BIC-total], and peri-implant bone [BA/TA]). Every response was modelled over time using GEE (general estimation equation) with an unstructured variance-covariance matrix to correct for dependency between the measurements from one animal. The statistical significance level of α = 0.05 was applied. Significantly, more BIC-host and BIC-total were recorded for H implants compared with L implants after 2 week of healing (P = 0.010 and P = 0.0001, respectively). However, this result was no longer found for the extended healing period. Furthermore, BIC-total significantly increased over time for L implants (P < 0.00001). In contrast, the significant increase in BA/TA over time was found for H implants (P < 0.01). Finally, H insertion torque led to an increased BA/TA after 4 week of healing (P < 0.02) compared with the L insertion protocol. L insertion torque implants installed in the rabbit tibial bone osseointegrate with considerable de novo bone formation. This bone neoformation enables L implants to catch up, already during the early osseointegration stage, the initial inferior amount BIC contact compared with that of H implants. A negative impact of the created strain environment accompanying H insertion torque implant installation on the biological process of osseointegration could not be observed, at least not at tissue level. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Marrow-isolated adult multilineage inducible cells embedded within a biologically-inspired construct promote recovery in a mouse model of peripheral vascular disease.

PubMed

Grau-Monge, Cristina; Delcroix, Gaëtan J-R; Bonnin-Marquez, Andrea; Valdes, Mike; Awadallah, Ead Lewis Mazen; Quevedo, Daniel F; Armour, Maxime R; Montero, Ramon B; Schiller, Paul C; Andreopoulos, Fotios M; D'Ippolito, Gianluca

2017-02-17

Peripheral vascular disease is one of the major vascular complications in individuals suffering from diabetes and in the elderly that is associated with significant burden in terms of morbidity and mortality. Stem cell therapy is being tested as an attractive alternative to traditional surgery to prevent and treat this disorder. The goal of this study was to enhance the protective and reparative potential of marrow-isolated adult multilineage inducible (MIAMI) cells by incorporating them within a bio-inspired construct (BIC) made of two layers of gelatin B electrospun nanofibers. We hypothesized that the BIC would enhance MIAMI cell survival and engraftment, ultimately leading to a better functional recovery of the injured limb in our mouse model of critical limb ischemia compared to MIAMI cells used alone. Our study demonstrated that MIAMI cell-seeded BIC resulted in a wide range of positive outcomes with an almost full recovery of blood flow in the injured limb, thereby limiting the extent of ischemia and necrosis. Functional recovery was also the greatest when MIAMI cells were combined with BICs, compared to MIAMI cells alone or BICs in the absence of cells. Histology was performed 28 days after grafting the animals to explore the mechanisms at the source of these positive outcomes. We observed that our critical limb ischemia model induces an extensive loss of muscular fibers that are replaced by intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), together with a highly disorganized vascular structure. The use of MIAMI cells-seeded BIC prevented IMAT infiltration with some clear evidence of muscular fibers regeneration.

MIAMI cells embedded within a biologically-inspired construct promote recovery in a mouse model of peripheral vascular disease

PubMed Central

Grau-Monge, Cristina; Delcroix, Gaëtan J.-R; Bonnin-Marquez, Andrea; Valdes, Mike; Awadallah, Ead Lewis Mazen; Quevedo, Daniel F.; Armour, Maxime R.; Montero, Ramon B.; Schiller, Paul C.; Andreopoulos, Fotios M.; D’Ippolito, Gianluca

2017-01-01

Peripheral vascular disease is one of the major vascular complications in individuals suffering from diabetes and in the elderly that is associated with significant burden in terms of morbidity and mortality. Stem cell therapy is being tested as an attractive alternative to traditional surgery to prevent and treat this disorder. The goal of this study was to enhance the protective and reparative potential of marrow-isolated adult multilineage inducible (MIAMI) cells by incorporating them within a bio-inspired construct (BIC) made of 2 layers of gelatin B electrospun nanofibers. We hypothesized that the BIC would enhance MIAMI cell survival and engraftment, ultimately leading to a better functional recovery of the injured limb in our mouse model of critical limb ischemia compared to MIAMI cells used alone. Our study demonstrated that MIAMI cell-seeded BIC resulted in a wide range of positive outcomes with an almost full recovery of blood flow in the injured limb, thereby limiting the extent of ischemia and necrosis. Functional recovery was also the greatest when MIAMI cells were combined with BICs, compared to MIAMI cells alone or BICs in the absence of cells. Histology was performed 28 days after grafting the animals to explore the mechanisms at the source of these positive outcomes. We observed that our critical limb ischemia model induces an extensive loss of muscular fibers that are replaced by intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), together with a highly disorganized vascular structure. The use of MIAMI cells-seeded BIC prevented IMAT infiltration with some clear evidence of muscular fibers regeneration. PMID:28211362

School Suspension Alternatives.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ewashen, George, Jr.; And Others

1988-01-01

Describes Calgary's Behavior Intervention Centre (BIC), which provides short and long term counseling and teaching services to disruptive elementary and junior high school students and their parents. Discusses psychological assessment, family counseling, and school reintegration strategies contributing to BIC's 81 percent success rate. (SV)

Performance Analysis of IEEE 802.11g TCM Waveforms Transmitted over a Channel with Pulse-Noise Interference

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-06-01

17 Table 2. Best (maximum free distance) rate r=2/3 punctured convolutional code ...Hamming distance between all pairs of non-zero paths. Table 2 lists the best rate r=2/3, punctured convolutional code information weight structure dB...Table 2. Best (maximum free distance) rate r=2/3 punctured convolutional code information weight structure. (From: [12]). K freed freeB

50 CFR Table 5 to Part 680 - Crab Size Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Crab Size Codes 5 Table 5 to Part 680 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (CONTINUED) SHELLFISH FISHERIES OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OFF ALASKA Pt. 680, Table 5 Table 5 to Part 680—Crab Size...

50 CFR Table 5 to Part 680 - Crab Size Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Crab Size Codes 5 Table 5 to Part 680 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (CONTINUED) SHELLFISH FISHERIES OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OFF ALASKA Pt. 680, Table 5 Table 5 to Part 680—Crab Size...

50 CFR Table 5 to Part 680 - Crab Size Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 13 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Crab Size Codes 5 Table 5 to Part 680 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (CONTINUED) SHELLFISH FISHERIES OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OFF ALASKA Pt. 680, Table 5 Table 5 to Part 680—Crab Size...

50 CFR Table 17 to Part 679 - Process Codes for Use With State of Alaska Commercial Operator's Annual Report (COAR)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (CONTINUED) FISHERIES OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OFF ALASKA Pt. 679, Table 17 Table 17 to Part 679—Process Codes for...

Improving the accuracy of operation coding in surgical discharge summaries

PubMed Central

Martinou, Eirini; Shouls, Genevieve; Betambeau, Nadine

2014-01-01

Procedural coding in surgical discharge summaries is extremely important; as well as communicating to healthcare staff which procedures have been performed, it also provides information that is used by the hospital's coding department. The OPCS code (Office of Population, Censuses and Surveys Classification of Surgical Operations and Procedures) is used to generate the tariff that allows the hospital to be reimbursed for the procedure. We felt that the OPCS coding on discharge summaries was often incorrect within our breast and endocrine surgery department. A baseline measurement over two months demonstrated that 32% of operations had been incorrectly coded, resulting in an incorrect tariff being applied and an estimated loss to the Trust of £17,000. We developed a simple but specific OPCS coding table in collaboration with the clinical coding team and breast surgeons that summarised all operations performed within our department. This table was disseminated across the team, specifically to the junior doctors who most frequently complete the discharge summaries. Re-audit showed 100% of operations were accurately coded, demonstrating the effectiveness of the coding table. We suggest that specifically designed coding tables be introduced across each surgical department to ensure accurate OPCS codes are used to produce better quality surgical discharge summaries and to ensure correct reimbursement to the Trust. PMID:26734286

Modeling of Diffuse-Diffuse Photon Coupling via a Nonscattering Region: a Comparative Study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Jae Hoon; Kim, Seunghwan; Kim, Youn Tae

2004-06-01

It is well established that diffusion approximation is valid for light propagation in highly scattering media, but it breaks down in nonscattering regions. The previous methods that manipulate nonscattering regions are essentially boundary-to-boundary coupling (BBC) methods through a nonscattering void region based on the radiosity theory. We present a boundary-to-interior coupling (BIC) method. BIC is based on the fact that the collimated pencil beam incident on the medium can be replaced by an isotropic point source positioned at one reduced scattering length inside the medium from an illuminated point. A similar replacement is possible for the nondiffuse lights that enter the diffuse medium through the void, and it is formulated as the BIC method. We implemented both coupling methods using the finite element method (FEM) and tested for the circle with a void gap and for a four-layer adult head model. For mean time of flight, the BIC shows better agreement with Monte Carlo (MC) simulation results than BBC. For intensity, BIC shows a comparable match with MC data compared with that of BBC. The effect of absorption of the clear layer in the adult head model was investigated. Both mean time and intensity decrease as absorption of the clear layer increases.

Modeling of diffuse-diffuse photon coupling via a nonscattering region: a comparative study.

PubMed

Lee, Jae Hoon; Kim, Seunghwan; Kim, Youn Tae

2004-06-20

It is well established that diffusion approximation is valid for light propagation in highly scattering media, but it breaks down in nonscattering regions. The previous methods that manipulate nonscattering regions are essentially boundary-to-boundary coupling (BBC) methods through a nonscattering void region based on the radiosity theory. We present a boundary-to-interior coupling (BIC) method. BIC is based on the fact that the collimated pencil beam incident on the medium can be replaced by an isotropic point source positioned at one reduced scattering length inside the medium from an illuminated point. A similar replacement is possible for the nondiffuse lights that enter the diffuse medium through the void, and it is formulated as the BIC method. We implemented both coupling methods using the finite element method (FEM) and tested for the circle with a void gap and for a four-layer adult head model. For mean time of flight, the BIC shows better agreement with Monte Carlo (MC) simulation results than BBC. For intensity, BIC shows a comparable match with MC data compared with that of BBC. The effect of absorption of the clear layer in the adult head model was investigated. Both mean time and intensity decrease as absorption of the clear layer increases.

Synergistic effect of PEGylated resveratrol on delivery of anticancer drugs.

PubMed

Wang, Wenlong; Zhang, Liang; Le, Yuan; Chen, Jian-Feng; Wang, Jiexin; Yun, Jimmy

2016-02-10

Resveratrol (RES) is a natural polyphenol which can be considered as a nutraceutical because of its benefits such as anticancer and antioxidant activity. In this paper, we designed polymer-RES conjugates as anticancer drug carrier for synergistic therapeutic effect in cancer treatment. Bicalutamide (BIC) was used as a model drug to investigate the drug release behaviors and in vitro anticancer performance. PEG-RES and PEG-Glycine-RES nanoparticles were prepared and characterized. The size of the prepared particles was around 50 nm with RES content of 17.2 and 16.3 wt% for PEG-RES and PEG-Glycine-RES, respectively, and BIC loading efficiency were of 81.6% and 84.5%, separately. Release rate of RES from conjugates depended on the stability of ester group against hydrolysis. BIC release was much faster than RES release. The anticancer activity of BIC loaded PEGylated RES nanoparticles was much better than that of free BIC, indicating the conjugates provided a synergetic cytotoxicity to cancer cells. Confocal laser scanning microscopy observation and flow cytometry analyses indicated that PEGylated RES conjugates were more efficiently internalized into cells, released drug into cytoplasm. These results suggest that PEGylated RES conjugates show great potential for cancer therapy. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Inventory of File WAFS_blended_2014102006f06.grib2

Science.gov Websites

) [%] 004 700 mb CTP 6 hour fcst In-Cloud Turbulence [%] spatial ave,code table 4.15=3,#points=1 005 700 mb CTP 6 hour fcst In-Cloud Turbulence [%] spatial max,code table 4.15=3,#points=1 006 600 mb CTP 6 hour fcst In-Cloud Turbulence [%] spatial ave,code table 4.15=3,#points=1 007 600 mb CTP 6 hour fcst In

50 CFR Table 1 to Subpart H of... - Pacific Salmon EFH Identified by USGS Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Pacific Salmon EFH Identified by USGS Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 1 Table 1 to Subpart H of Part 660 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND... WEST COAST STATES West Coast Salmon Fisheries Pt. 660, Subpt. H, Table 1 Table 1 to Subpart H of Part...

Optimizing a micro-computed tomography-based surrogate measurement of bone-implant contact.

PubMed

Meagher, Matthew J; Parwani, Rachna N; Virdi, Amarjit S; Sumner, Dale R

2018-03-01

Histology and backscatter scanning electron microscopy (bSEM) are the current gold standard methods for quantifying bone-implant contact (BIC), but are inherently destructive. Microcomputed tomography (μCT) is a non-destructive alternative, but attempts to validate μCT-based assessment of BIC in animal models have produced conflicting results. We previously showed in a rat model using a 1.5 mm diameter titanium implant that the extent of the metal-induced artefact precluded accurate measurement of bone sufficiently close to the interface to assess BIC. Recently introduced commercial laboratory μCT scanners have smaller voxels and improved imaging capabilities, possibly overcoming this limitation. The goals of the present study were to establish an approach for optimizing μCT imaging parameters and to validate μCT-based assessment of BIC. In an empirical parametric study using a 1.5 mm diameter titanium implant, we determined 90 kVp, 88 µA, 1.5 μm isotropic voxel size, 1600 projections/180°, and 750 ms integration time to be optimal. Using specimens from an in vivo rat experiment, we found significant correlations between bSEM and μCT for BIC with the manufacturer's automated analysis routine (r = 0.716, p = 0.003) or a line-intercept method (r = 0.797, p = 0.010). Thus, this newer generation scanner's improved imaging capability reduced the extent of the metal-induced artefact zone enough to permit assessment of BIC. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:979-986, 2018. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

A systematic review of studies comparing body image concerns among female college athletes and non-athletes, 1997-2012.

PubMed

Varnes, Julia R; Stellefson, Michael L; Janelle, Christopher M; Dorman, Steven M; Dodd, Virginia; Miller, M David

2013-09-01

Research prior to 2001 indicated that athletes experienced better body image than non-athletes, with no differences among sport types. Since then, female athletes have become increasingly sexually objectified in the media, and the sociocultural beauty ideal has shifted to emphasize appearing both athletic and thin. Part I of this paper explores the literature describing these changes. Part II presents a systematic and comprehensive literature review of 10 recent studies comparing body image concerns (BIC) among collegiate female athletes and non-athletes to identify the current status of BIC in female athletes. Findings indicate that involvement in collegiate athletics provides some protection from BIC; however, this protection appears attenuated for athletes in more feminine sports (e.g., gymnastics), and higher level athletes (Division I). Researchers should examine how sociocultural pressures unrelated to competition predict female athletes' BIC using measures that focus on objectification, positive body image, body functionality, and thin- and athletic-ideal internalization. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The cyanobacterial bicarbonate transporter BicA: its physiological role and the implications of structural similarities with human SLC26 transporters.

PubMed

Price, G Dean; Howitt, Susan M

2011-04-01

The cyanobacterial Na+-dependent HCO3- transporter BicA is a member of the ubiquitous and important SulP/SLC26 family of anion transporters found in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. BicA is an important component of the cyanobacterial CO2 concentrating mechanism, an adaptation that contributes to cyanobacteria being able to achieve an estimated 25% of global primary productivity, largely in the oceans. The human SLC26 members are involved in a range of key cellular functions involving a diverse range of anion transport activities including Cl-/HCO3-, I-/HCO3-, and SO42-/HCO3- exchange; mutations in SLC26 members are known to be associated with debilitating diseases such as Pendred syndrome, chondrodysplasias, and congenital chloride diarrhoea. We have recently experimentally determined the membrane topology of BicA using the phoA-lacZ reporter system and here consider some of the extrapolated implications for topology of the human SLC26 family and the Sultr plant sulphate transporters.

RNA-directed activation of cytoplasmic dynein-1 in reconstituted transport RNPs.

PubMed

McClintock, Mark A; Dix, Carly I; Johnson, Christopher M; McLaughlin, Stephen H; Maizels, Rory J; Hoang, Ha Thi; Bullock, Simon L

2018-06-26

Polarised mRNA transport is a prevalent mechanism for spatial control of protein synthesis. However, the composition of transported ribonucleoprotein particles (RNPs) and the regulation of their movement are poorly understood. We have reconstituted microtubule minus end-directed transport of mRNAs using purified components. A Bicaudal-D (BicD) adaptor protein and the RNA-binding protein Egalitarian (Egl) are sufficient for long-distance mRNA transport by the dynein motor and its accessory complex dynactin, thus defining a minimal transport-competent RNP. Unexpectedly, the RNA is required for robust activation of dynein motility. We show that a cis -acting RNA localisation signal promotes the interaction of Egl with BicD, which licenses the latter protein to recruit dynein and dynactin. Our data support a model for BicD activation based on RNA-induced occupancy of two Egl-binding sites on the BicD dimer. Scaffolding of adaptor protein assemblies by cargoes is an attractive mechanism for regulating intracellular transport. © 2018, McClintock et al.

Comparison of a new simplified acid-base tool to the original Stewart-Figge approach: a study on cardiac surgical patients.

PubMed

Agrafiotis, Michalis; Mpliamplias, Dimitrios; Papathanassiou, Maria; Ampatzidou, Fotini; Drossos, Georgios

2018-05-03

To suggest a simplified method for strong ion gap ([SIG]) calculation. To simplify [SIG] calculation, we used the following assumptions: (1) the major determinants of apparent strong ion difference ([SID a ]) are [Na + ], [K + ] and [Cl - ] (2) [Ca 2+ ] and [Mg 2+ ] do not contribute significantly to [SID a ] variation and can be replaced by their reference concentrations (3) physiologically relevant pH variation is at the order of 10 -2 and therefore we can assume a standard value of 7.4. In the new model, [SID a ] is replaced by its adjusted form, i.e. [SID a,adj ] = [Na + ] + [K + ] - [Cl - ] + 6.5 and [SIG] is replaced by "bicarbonate gap", i.e. [BIC gap ] = [SID a,adj ] - (0.25·[Albumin]) - (2·[Phosphate]) - [HCO 3 - ]. The model was tested in 224 postoperative cardiac surgical patients. Strong correlations were observed between [SID a,adj ] and [SID a ] (r = 0.93, p < 0.0001) and between [BIC gap ] and [SIG] (r = 0.95, p < 0.0001). The mean bias (limits of agreement) of [SID a,adj ] - [SID a ] and of [BIC gap ]-[SIG] was - 0.6 meq/l (- 2.7 to 1.5) and 0.2 meq/l (- 2 to 2.4), respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficients between [SID a,adj ] and [SID a ] and between [BIC gap ] and [SIG] were 0.90 and 0.95, respectively. The sensitivities and specificities for the prediction of a [lactate - ] > 4 meq/l were 73.4 and 82.3% for a [BIC gap ] > 12.2 meq/l and 74.5 and 83.1% for a [SIG] > 12 meq/l, respectively. The [BIC gap ] model bears a very good agreement with the [SIG] model while being simpler and easier to apply at the bedside. [BIC gap ] could be used as an alternative tool for the diagnosis of unmeasured ion acidosis.

Novel ambler class A carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase from a Pseudomonas fluorescens isolate from the Seine River, Paris, France.

PubMed

Girlich, Delphine; Poirel, Laurent; Nordmann, Patrice

2010-01-01

A Pseudomonas fluorescens isolate (PF-1) resistant to carbapenems was recovered during an environmental survey performed with water from the Seine River (Paris). It expressed a novel Ambler class A carbapenemase, BIC-1, sharing 68 and 59% amino acid identities with beta-lactamases SFC-1 from Serratia fonticola and the plasmid-encoded KPC-2, respectively. beta-Lactamase BIC-1 hydrolyzed penicillins, carbapenems, and cephalosporins except ceftazidime and monobactams. The bla(BIC-1) gene was chromosomally located and was also identified in two other P. fluorescens strains isolated from the Seine River 3 months later.

40 CFR Appendix A to Subpart A of... - Tables

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... precursor of PM2.5. Table 2a to Appendix A of Subpart A—Data Elements for Reporting on Emissions From Point Sources, Where Required by 40 CFR 51.30 Data elements Every-yearreporting Three-yearreporting (1... phone number ✓ ✓ (6) FIPS code ✓ ✓ (7) Facility ID codes ✓ ✓ (8) Unit ID code ✓ ✓ (9) Process ID code...

Influence of peri-implant artifacts on bone morphometric analysis with micro-computed tomography.

PubMed

Song, Jin Wook; Cha, Jung Yul; Bechtold, Till Edward; Park, Young Chel

2013-01-01

To determine the optimal dilation pixel size distance from the mini-implant interface needed to compensate for the metal artifact on micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) for bone morphometric analysis. A total of 72 self-drilling mini-implants were placed into the buccal alveolar bone of six male beagle dogs. After 12 weeks of orthodontic loading, specimens were harvested and scanned with micro-CT (Skyscan 1076) at a resolution of 9 μm. Using the reload plug-in and dilation procedure of CTAn, the percentage of bone-implant contact (BIC) and bone volume density (BV/TV, bone volume/total volume), respectively, were measured from one to seven pixels from the metal implant surface. Each pixel size of dilation (PSD) were compared with that of a ground histologic section, and the optimal PSD for bone morphometric analysis using micro-CT was determined. BIC values from micro-CT analysis decreased when the PSD increased (P < .05). BIC from micro-CT showed the highest correlation coefficient with BIC from histologic slides when the PSD was 5 to 7 (P < .05), whereas BV/TV from micro-CT showed a very high correlation with BV/TV from histologic slides in all ranges (P < .0001). To measure BIC and BV/TV using micro-CT, at least 5 PSD from the metal implant surface is needed.

Topology mapping to characterize cyanobacterial bicarbonate transporters: BicA (SulP/SLC26 family) and SbtA.

PubMed

Price, G Dean; Howitt, Susan M

2014-09-01

This mini-review addresses advances in understanding the transmembrane topologies of two unrelated, single-subunit bicarbonate transporters from cyanobacteria, namely BicA and SbtA. BicA is a Na(+)-dependent bicarbonate transporter that belongs to the SulP/SLC26 family that is widespread in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Topology mapping of BicA via the phoA/lacZ fusion reporter method identified 12 transmembrane helices with an unresolved hydrophobic region just beyond helix 8. Re-interpreting this data in the light of a recent topology study on rat prestin leads to a consensus topology of 14 transmembrane domains with a 7+7 inverted repeat structure. SbtA is also a Na(+)-dependent bicarbonate transporter, but of considerably higher affinity (Km 2-5 μM versus >100 μM for BicA). Whilst SbtA is widespread in cyanobacteria and a few bacteria, it appears to be absent from eukaryotes. Topology mapping of SbtA via the phoA/lacZ fusion reporter method identified 10 transmembrane helices. The topology consists of a 5+5 inverted repeat, with the two repeats separated by a large intracellular loop. The unusual location of the N and C-termini outside the cell raises the possibility that SbtA forms a novel fold, not so far identified by structural and topological studies on transport proteins.

Software Communications Architecture (SCA) Compliant Software Defined Radio Design for IEEE 802.16 Wirelessman-OFDMTM Transceiver

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-12-01

Convolutional encoder of rate 1/2 (From [10]). Table 3 shows the puncturing patterns used to derive the different code rates . X precedes Y in the order... convolutional code with puncturing configuration (From [10])......11 Table 4. Mandatory channel coding per modulation (From [10...a concatenation of a Reed– Solomon outer code and a rate -adjustable convolutional inner code . At the transmitter, data shall first be encoded with

50 CFR Table 8 to Part 679 - Harvest Zone Codes for Use With Vessel Activity Reports

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 13 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Harvest Zone Codes for Use With Vessel Activity Reports 8 Table 8 to Part 679 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (CONTINUED) FISHERIES OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OFF ALASKA Pt. 679, Table 8...

76 FR 37404 - Identification of Nine Entities Pursuant to Executive Order 13566 and Amendment of General...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-27

...: 13-14, 27090 Sehitkamil, Gaziantep, Turkey; Registration ID 146103 (Turkey); SWIFT/BIC ATUBTRIS... 30199 (Lebanon) issued 13 Oct 1973; SWIFT/BIC NACBLBBE (Lebanon); Telephone No. (961 1) [[Page 37406... Street, Taksim Al Nassim, 1002, Tunis, Tunisia; Boulevard 7 Novembre, Route El Kantaoui, 4011, Hammam...

Web-Based Intervention for Nutritional Management in Cystic Fibrosis: Development, Usability, and Pilot Trial.

PubMed

Stark, Lori J; Opipari-Arrigan, Lisa; Filigno, Stephanie S; Simon, Stacey L; Leonard, Amanda; Mogayzel, Peter J; Rausch, Joseph; Zion, Cynthia; Powers, Scott W

2016-06-01

Usability and pilot testing of a web intervention (BeInCharge.org [BIC]) of behavior plus nutrition intervention for children with cystic fibrosis (CF) ages 4-9 years. Think Aloud methodology was used with five mothers to assess usability and refine the intervention. A pilot trial was then conducted with 10 mothers of children with CF ages 4-9 years randomized to the web-based BIC or a Standard Care Control (STC). Change in weight gain for each group was compared in a pre-to-post design. Mothers rated the usability and clarity of BIC highly. The pilot trial showed children of mothers who received BIC had a significant change in weight pre-to-post-treatment (0.67 kg, p = .04). Change for the STC was not significant (0.41 kg, p = .10). A web-based behavior plus nutrition intervention appears promising in increasing weight gain in children with CF. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Bismuth Nanoparticles Embedded in Carbon Spheres as Anode Materials for Sodium/Lithium-Ion Batteries.

PubMed

Yang, Fuhua; Yu, Fan; Zhang, Zhian; Zhang, Kai; Lai, Yanqing; Li, Jie

2016-02-12

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are regarded as an attractive alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for large-scale commercial applications, because of the abundant terrestrial reserves of sodium. Exporting suitable anode materials is the key to the development of SIBs and LIBs. In this contribution, we report on the fabrication of Bi@C microspheres using aerosol spray pyrolysis technique. When used as SIBs anode materials, the Bi@C microsphere delivered a high capacity of 123.5 mAh g(-1) after 100 cycles at 100 mA g(-1) . The rate performance is also impressive (specific capacities of 299, 252, 192, 141, and 90 mAh g(-1) are obtained under current densities of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, and 2 A g(-1) , respectively). Furthermore, the Bi@C microsphere also proved to be suitable LIB anode materials. The excellent electrochemical performance for both SIBs and LIBs can attributed to the Bi@C microsphere structure with Bi nanoparticles uniformly dispersed in carbon spheres. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Concurrent Chemotherapy of Malignant Glioma in Rats by Using Multidrug-Loaded Biodegradable Nanofibrous Membranes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tseng, Yuan-Yun; Huang, Yin-Chen; Yang, Tao-Chieh; Yang, Shun-Tai; Liu, Shou-Cheng; Chang, Tzu-Min; Kau, Yi-Chuan; Liu, Shih-Jung

2016-07-01

Glioblastoma multiforme has a poor prognosis and is highly chemoresistant. In this study, we implanted biodegradable 1,3-bis[2-chloroethyl]-1-nitroso-urea-, irinotecan-, and cisplatin-eluting poly[(d,l)-lactide-co-glycolide] (BIC/PLGA) and virgin nanofibrous membranes on the brain surface of C6 glioma-bearing rats in concurrent and virgin groups, respectively. The concentrations of all applied drugs were significantly higher in the brain than in the blood for more than 8 weeks in all studied rats. Tumor growth was more rapid in the vehicle-treated group, and tumor volumes were significantly higher in the vehicle-treated group. Moreover, the average survival time was significantly shorter in the vehicle-treated group (P = 0.026), and the BIC/PLGA nanofibrous membranes significantly reduced the risk of mortality (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the results suggested that the BIC/PLGA nanofibers reduced the malignancy of C6 glioma. The experimental findings indicate that the multianticancer drug (i.e., BIC)-eluting PLGA nanofibers are favorable candidates for treating malignant glioma.

Concurrent Chemotherapy of Malignant Glioma in Rats by Using Multidrug-Loaded Biodegradable Nanofibrous Membranes

PubMed Central

Tseng, Yuan-Yun; Huang, Yin-Chen; Yang, Tao-Chieh; Yang, Shun-Tai; Liu, Shou-Cheng; Chang, Tzu-Min; Kau, Yi-Chuan; Liu, Shih-Jung

2016-01-01

Glioblastoma multiforme has a poor prognosis and is highly chemoresistant. In this study, we implanted biodegradable 1,3-bis[2-chloroethyl]-1-nitroso-urea-, irinotecan-, and cisplatin-eluting poly[(d,l)-lactide-co-glycolide] (BIC/PLGA) and virgin nanofibrous membranes on the brain surface of C6 glioma-bearing rats in concurrent and virgin groups, respectively. The concentrations of all applied drugs were significantly higher in the brain than in the blood for more than 8 weeks in all studied rats. Tumor growth was more rapid in the vehicle-treated group, and tumor volumes were significantly higher in the vehicle-treated group. Moreover, the average survival time was significantly shorter in the vehicle-treated group (P = 0.026), and the BIC/PLGA nanofibrous membranes significantly reduced the risk of mortality (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the results suggested that the BIC/PLGA nanofibers reduced the malignancy of C6 glioma. The experimental findings indicate that the multianticancer drug (i.e., BIC)-eluting PLGA nanofibers are favorable candidates for treating malignant glioma. PMID:27471070

Synchrotron radiation μCT and histology evaluation of bone-to-implant contact.

PubMed

Neldam, Camilla Albeck; Sporring, Jon; Rack, Alexander; Lauridsen, Torsten; Hauge, Ellen-Margrethe; Jørgensen, Henrik L; Jørgensen, Niklas Rye; Feidenhansl, Robert; Pinholt, Else Marie

2017-09-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate bone-to-implant contact (BIC) in two-dimensional (2D) histology compared to high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) synchrotron radiation micro computed tomography (SR micro-CT). High spatial resolution, excellent signal-to-noise ratio, and contrast establish SR micro-CT as the leading imaging modality for hard X-ray microtomography. Using SR micro-CT at voxel size 5 μm in an experimental goat mandible model, no statistically significant difference was found between the different treatment modalities nor between recipient and reconstructed bone. The histological evaluation showed a statistically significant difference between BIC in reconstructed and recipient bone (p < 0.0001). Further, no statistically significant difference was found between the different treatment modalities which we found was due to large variation and subsequently due to low power. Comparing histology and SR micro-CT evaluation a bias of 5.2% was found in reconstructed area, and 15.3% in recipient bone. We conclude that for evaluation of BIC with histology and SR micro-CT, SR micro-CT cannot be proven more precise than histology for evaluation of BIC, however, with this SR micro-CT method, one histologic bone section is comparable to the 3D evaluation. Further, the two methods complement each other with knowledge on BIC in 2D and 3D. Copyright © 2017 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effect of microthreads on removal torque and bone-to-implant contact: an experimental study in miniature pigs

PubMed Central

Kwon, Yee-Seo; Namgoong, Hee; Kim, Jung-Hoon; Cho, In Hee; Kim, Myung Duk; Eom, Tae Gwan

2013-01-01

Purpose The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of microthreads on removal torque and bone-to-implant contact (BIC). Methods Twelve miniature pigs for each experiment, a total of 24 animals, were used. In the removal torque analysis, each animal received 2 types of implants in each tibia, which were treated with sandblasting and acid etching but with or without microthreads at the marginal portion. The animals were sacrificed after 4, 8, or 12 weeks of healing. Each subgroup consisted of 4 animals, and the tibias were extracted and removal torque was measured. In the BIC analysis, each animal received 3 types of implants. Two types of implants were used for the removal torque test and another type of implant served as the control. The BIC experiment was conducted in the mandible of the animals. The P1-M1 teeth were extracted, and after a 4-month healing period, 3 each of the 2 types of implants were placed, with one type on each side of the mandible, for a total of 6 implants per animal. The animals were sacrificed after a 2-, 4-, or 8-week healing period. Each subgroup consisted of 4 animals. The mandibles were extracted, specimens were processed, and BIC was analyzed. Results No significant difference in removal torque value or BIC was found between implants with and without microthreads. The removal torque value increased between 4 and 8 weeks of healing for both types of implants, but there was no significant difference between 8 and 12 weeks. The percentage of BIC increased between 2 and 4 weeks for all types of implants, but there was no significant difference between 4 and 8 weeks. Conclusions The existence of microthreads was not a significant factor in mechanical and histological stability. PMID:23508085

Psychrobacter glaciei sp. nov., isolated from the ice core of an Arctic glacier.

PubMed

Zeng, Yin-Xin; Yu, Yong; Liu, Yang; Li, Hui-Rong

2016-04-01

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, non-pigmented, oxidase- and catalase-positive bacterial strain, designated BIc20019T, was isolated from the ice core of Austre Lovénbreen in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. The temperature and NaCl ranges for growth were 4-34 °C (optimum, 25-29 °C) and 0-8% (w/v) (optimum, 2-4%). Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain BIc20019T belonged to the genus Psychrobacter and was closely related to Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4T, Psychrobacter cryohalolentis K5T, 'Psychrobacter fjordensis' BSw21516B, Psychrobacter fozii LMG 21280T, Psychrobacter luti LMG 21276T and Pyschrobacter okhotskensis MD17T at greater than 99% similarity. Phylogenetic analysis based on gyrB gene sequences revealed highest similarity (93.6%) to P. okhotskensis MD17T. However, DNA hybridization experiments revealed a low level of DNA-DNA relatedness (<59%) between strain BIc20019T and its closest relatives. Strain BIc20019T contained ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) as the predominant respiratory quinone, and C18:1ω9c and summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH) as the major fatty acids. It had a DNA G+C content of 46.3 mol%. The polar lipid profile of strain BIc20019T was mainly composed of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and diphosphatidylglycerol. Owing to the differences in phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene and gyrB gene sequences, and DNA-DNA relatedness data, the isolate merits classification within a novel species for which the name Psychrobacter glaciei sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BIc20019T (=KCTC 42280T = CCTCC AB 2014019T).

Correlation between Initial BIC and the Insertion Torque/Depth Integral Recorded with an Instantaneous Torque-Measuring Implant Motor: An in vivo Study.

PubMed

Capparé, Paolo; Vinci, Raffaele; Di Stefano, Danilo Alessio; Traini, Tonino; Pantaleo, Giuseppe; Gherlone, Enrico Felice; Gastaldi, Giorgio

2015-10-01

Quantitative intraoperative evaluation of bone quality at implant placement site and postinsertion implant primary stability assessment are two key parameters to perform implant-supported rehabilitation properly. A novel micromotor has been recently introduced allowing to measure bone density at implant placement site and to record implant insertion-related parameters, such as the instantaneous, average and peak insertion torque values, and the insertion torque/depth integral. The aim of this study was to investigate in vivo if any correlation existed between initial bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone density and integral values recorded with the instrument. Twenty-five patients seeking for implant-supported rehabilitation of edentulous areas were consecutively treated. Before implant placement, bone density at the insertion site was measured. For each patient, an undersized 3.3 × 8-mm implant was placed, recording the insertion torque/depth integral values. After 15 minutes, the undersized implant was retrieved with a 0.5 mm-thick layer of bone surrounding it. Standard implants were consequently placed. Retrieved implants were analyzed for initial BIC quantification after fixation, dehydration, acrylic resin embedment, sections cutting and grinding, and toluidine-blue and acid fuchsine staining. Correlation between initial BIC values, bone density at the insertion site, and the torque/depth integral values was investigated by linear regression analysis. A significant linear correlation was found to exist between initial BIC and (a) bone density at the insertion site (R = 0.96, explained variance R(2)  = 0.92) and (b) torque/depth integral at placement (R = 0.81, explained variance R(2)  = 0.66). The system provided quantitative, reliable data correlating significantly with immediate postinsertion initial BIC, and could therefore represent a valuable tool both for clinical research and for the oral implantologist in his/her daily clinical practice. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Four-Channel PC/104 MIL-STD-1553 Circuit Board

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cox, Gary L.

2004-01-01

The mini bus interface card (miniBIC) is the first four-channel electronic circuit board that conforms to MIL-STD-1553 and to the electrical-footprint portion of PC/104. [MIL-STD-1553 is a military standard that encompasses a method of communication and electrical- interface requirements for digital electronic subsystems connected to a data bus. PC/104 is an industry standard for compact, stackable modules that are fully compatible (in architecture, hardware, and software) with personal-computer data- and power-bus circuitry.] Prior to the development of the miniBIC, only one- and two-channel PC/104 MIL-STD-1553 boards were available. To obtain four channels, it was necessary to include at least two boards in a PC/104 stack. In comparison with such a two-board stack, the miniBIC takes up less space, consumes less power, and is more reliable. In addition, the miniBIC includes 32 digital input/output channels. The miniBIC (see figure) contains four MIL-STD-1553B hybrid integrated circuits (ICs), four transformers, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) interface. Each hybrid IC includes a MILSTD-1553 dual transceiver, memory-management circuitry, processor interface logic circuitry, and 64Kx16 bits of shared static random access memory. The memory is used to configure message and data blocks. In addition, 23 16-bit registers are available for (1) configuring the hybrid IC for, and starting it in, various modes of operation; (2) reading the status of the functionality of the hybrid IC; and (3) resetting the hybrid IC to a known state. The miniBIC can operate as a remote terminal, bus controller, or bus monitor. The FPGA provides the chip-select and data-strobe signals needed for operation of the hybrid ICs. The FPGA also receives interruption signals and forwards them to the ISA bus. The ISA interface connects the address, data, and control interfaces of the hybrid ICs to the ISA backplane. Each channel is, in effect, a MIL-STD-1553 interface that can operate either independently of the others or else as a redundant version of one of the others. The transformer in each channel provides electrical isolation between the rest of the miniBIC circuitry and the bus to which that channel is connected.

Non-tables look-up search algorithm for efficient H.264/AVC context-based adaptive variable length coding decoding

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Han, Yishi; Luo, Zhixiao; Wang, Jianhua; Min, Zhixuan; Qin, Xinyu; Sun, Yunlong

2014-09-01

In general, context-based adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC) decoding in H.264/AVC standard requires frequent access to the unstructured variable length coding tables (VLCTs) and significant memory accesses are consumed. Heavy memory accesses will cause high power consumption and time delays, which are serious problems for applications in portable multimedia devices. We propose a method for high-efficiency CAVLC decoding by using a program instead of all the VLCTs. The decoded codeword from VLCTs can be obtained without any table look-up and memory access. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves 100% memory access saving and 40% decoding time saving without degrading video quality. Additionally, the proposed algorithm shows a better performance compared with conventional CAVLC decoding, such as table look-up by sequential search, table look-up by binary search, Moon's method, and Kim's method.

78 FR 25256 - Petition Requesting Exception From Lead Content Limits: BIC USA Inc.

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-30

... Exception From Lead Content Limits: BIC USA Inc. AGENCY: Consumer Product Safety Commission. ACTION: Notice... exception from the 100 ppm lead content limit under section 101(b) of the Consumer Product Safety... intended primarily for children 12 years old and younger that contain lead content in excess of 100 ppm are...

The Impact of Various Class-Distinction Features on Model Selection in the Mixture Rasch Model

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Choi, In-Hee; Paek, Insu; Cho, Sun-Joo

2017-01-01

The purpose of the current study is to examine the performance of four information criteria (Akaike's information criterion [AIC], corrected AIC [AICC] Bayesian information criterion [BIC], sample-size adjusted BIC [SABIC]) for detecting the correct number of latent classes in the mixture Rasch model through simulations. The simulation study…

The Effect of Breakfast in the Classroom on Obesity and Academic Performance: Evidence from New York City

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Corcoran, Sean P.; Elbel, Brian; Schwartz, Amy Ellen

2016-01-01

Participation in the federally subsidized school breakfast program often falls well below its lunchtime counterpart. To increase take-up, many districts have implemented Breakfast in the Classroom (BIC), offering breakfast directly to students at the start of the school day. Beyond increasing participation, advocates claim BIC improves academic…

What do conscientious people do? Development and validation of the Behavioral Indicators of Conscientiousness (BIC).

PubMed

Jackson, Joshua J; Wood, Dustin; Bogg, Tim; Walton, Kate E; Harms, Peter D; Roberts, Brent W

2010-08-01

Typical assessments of personality traits collapse behaviors, thoughts, and feelings into a single measure without distinguishing between these different manifestations. To address this lack of specification, the current study develops and validates a measure that assesses a number of broad behaviors associated with the personality trait of conscientiousness (the Behavioral Indicators of Conscientiousness; BIC). Findings suggest that the lower-order structure of conscientious behaviors is mostly similar to the lower-order structure in extant trait measures. Furthermore, a daily diary method was used to validate the BIC against frequency counts of conscientious behavior. Overall, the results identify specific behaviors that conscientious individuals tend to perform and highlight possible advantages of this approach over broad trait assessment.

Histologic analysis of resorbable blasting media surface implants retrieved from humans: a report of two cases

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the degree of osseointegration of resorbable blasting media (RBM) surface implants retrieved from humans. Three implants in the mandibular molar region that were surface-treated with RBM were retrieved from two patients. The implants were used to manufacture specimens in order to measure the bone-implant contact (BIC) ratio. The BIC ratios of the three implants were found to be an average of 69.0%±9.1%. In conclusion, that RBM surface implants are integrated into the host environment with histological significance and the BIC ratio of the RBM surface-treated implant was not significantly different from that of other surface-treated implants. PMID:26904493

Coding of adverse events of suicidality in clinical study reports of duloxetine for the treatment of major depressive disorder: descriptive study.

PubMed

Maund, Emma; Tendal, Britta; Hróbjartsson, Asbjørn; Lundh, Andreas; Gøtzsche, Peter C

2014-06-04

To assess the effects of coding and coding conventions on summaries and tabulations of adverse events data on suicidality within clinical study reports. Systematic electronic search for adverse events of suicidality in tables, narratives, and listings of adverse events in individual patients within clinical study reports. Where possible, for each event we extracted the original term reported by the investigator, the term as coded by the medical coding dictionary, medical coding dictionary used, and the patient's trial identification number. Using the patient's trial identification number, we attempted to reconcile data on the same event between the different formats for presenting data on adverse events within the clinical study report. 9 randomised placebo controlled trials of duloxetine for major depressive disorder submitted to the European Medicines Agency for marketing approval. Clinical study reports obtained from the EMA in 2011. Six trials used the medical coding dictionary COSTART (Coding Symbols for a Thesaurus of Adverse Reaction Terms) and three used MedDRA (Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities). Suicides were clearly identifiable in all formats of adverse event data in clinical study reports. Suicide attempts presented in tables included both definitive and provisional diagnoses. Suicidal ideation and preparatory behaviour were obscured in some tables owing to the lack of specificity of the medical coding dictionary, especially COSTART. Furthermore, we found one event of suicidal ideation described in narrative text that was absent from tables and adverse event listings of individual patients. The reason for this is unclear, but may be due to the coding conventions used. Data on adverse events in tables in clinical study reports may not accurately represent the underlying patient data because of the medical dictionaries and coding conventions used. In clinical study reports, the listings of adverse events for individual patients and narratives of adverse events can provide additional information, including original investigator reported adverse event terms, which can enable a more accurate estimate of harms. © Maund et al 2014.

CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Washington TRU Solutions LLC

2007-08-15

The CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON) document describes the inventory of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) CH-TRU waste within the transportation parameters specified by the Contact-Handled Transuranic Waste Authorized Methods for Payload Control (CH-TRAMPAC). The CH-TRAMPAC defines the allowable payload for the Transuranic Package Transporter-II (TRUPACT-II) and HalfPACT packagings. This document is a catalog of TRUPACT-II and HalfPACT authorized contents and a description of the methods utilized to demonstrate compliance with the CH-TRAMPAC. A summary of currently approved content codes by site is presented in Table 1. The CH-TRAMPAC describes "shipping categories" that are assigned to each payload container.more » Multiple shipping categories may be assigned to a single content code. A summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories is provided in Table 2, which consists of Tables 2A, 2B, and 2C. Table 2A provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for the "General Case," which reflects the assumption of a 60-day shipping period as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.4 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to be completed within an approximately 1,000-mile radius, a shorter shipping period of 20 days is applicable as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.5 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to WIPP from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Nevada Test Site, and Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, a 20-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2B provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Close-Proximity Shipments" (20-day shipping period). For shipments implementing the controls specified in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.6 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices, a 10-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2C provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Controlled Shipments" (10-day shipping period).« less

CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Washington TRU Solutions LLC

2007-06-15

The CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON) document describes the inventory of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) CH-TRU waste within the transportation parameters specified by the Contact-Handled Transuranic Waste Authorized Methods for Payload Control (CH-TRAMPAC). The CH-TRAMPAC defines the allowable payload for the Transuranic Package Transporter-II (TRUPACT-II) and HalfPACT packagings. This document is a catalog of TRUPACT-II and HalfPACT authorized contents and a description of the methods utilized to demonstrate compliance with the CH-TRAMPAC. A summary of currently approved content codes by site is presented in Table 1. The CH-TRAMPAC describes "shipping categories" that are assigned to each payload container.more » Multiple shipping categories may be assigned to a single content code. A summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories is provided in Table 2, which consists of Tables 2A, 2B, and 2C. Table 2A provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for the "General Case," which reflects the assumption of a 60-day shipping period as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.4 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to be completed within an approximately 1,000-mile radius, a shorter shipping period of 20 days is applicable as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.5 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to WIPP from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Nevada Test Site, and Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, a 20-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2B provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Close-Proximity Shipments" (20-day shipping period). For shipments implementing the controls specified in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.6 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices, a 10-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2C provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Controlled Shipments" (10-day shipping period).« less

CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Washington TRU Solutions LLC

2007-09-20

The CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON) document describes the inventory of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) CH-TRU waste within the transportation parameters specified by the Contact-Handled Transuranic Waste Authorized Methods for Payload Control (CH-TRAMPAC). The CH-TRAMPAC defines the allowable payload for the Transuranic Package Transporter-II (TRUPACT-II) and HalfPACT packagings. This document is a catalog of TRUPACT-II and HalfPACT authorized contents and a description of the methods utilized to demonstrate compliance with the CH-TRAMPAC. A summary of currently approved content codes by site is presented in Table 1. The CH-TRAMPAC describes "shipping categories" that are assigned to each payload container.more » Multiple shipping categories may be assigned to a single content code. A summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories is provided in Table 2, which consists of Tables 2A, 2B, and 2C. Table 2A provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for the "General Case," which reflects the assumption of a 60-day shipping period as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.4 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to be completed within an approximately 1,000-mile radius, a shorter shipping period of 20 days is applicable as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.5 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to WIPP from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Nevada Test Site, and Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, a 20-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2B provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Close-Proximity Shipments" (20-day shipping period). For shipments implementing the controls specified in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.6 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices, a 10-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2C provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Controlled Shipments" (10-day shipping period).« less

CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Washington TRU Solutions LLC

2006-06-20

The CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON) document describes the inventory of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) CH-TRU waste within the transportation parameters specified by the Contact-Handled Transuranic Waste Authorized Methods for Payload Control (CH-TRAMPAC). The CH-TRAMPAC defines the allowable payload for the Transuranic Package Transporter-II (TRUPACT-II) and HalfPACT packagings. This document is a catalog of TRUPACT-II and HalfPACT authorized contents and a description of the methods utilized to demonstrate compliance with the CH-TRAMPAC. A summary of currently approved content codes by site is presented in Table 1. The CH-TRAMPAC describes "shipping categories" that are assigned to each payload container.more » Multiple shipping categories may be assigned to a single content code. A summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories is provided in Table 2, which consists of Tables 2A, 2B, and 2C. Table 2A provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for the "General Case," which reflects the assumption of a 60-day shipping period as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.4 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to be completed within an approximately 1,000-mile radius, a shorter shipping period of 20 days is applicable as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.5 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to WIPP from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Nevada Test Site, and Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, a 20-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2B provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Close-Proximity Shipments" (20-day shipping period). For shipments implementing the controls specified in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.6 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices, a 10-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2C provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Controlled Shipments" (10-day shipping period).« less

CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Washington TRU Solutions LLC

2006-01-18

The CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON) document describes the inventory of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) CH-TRU waste within the transportation parameters specified by the Contact-Handled Transuranic Waste Authorized Methods for Payload Control (CH-TRAMPAC). The CH-TRAMPAC defines the allowable payload for the Transuranic Package Transporter-II (TRUPACT-II) and HalfPACT packagings. This document is a catalog of TRUPACT-II and HalfPACT authorized contents and a description of the methods utilized to demonstrate compliance with the CH-TRAMPAC. A summary of currently approved content codes by site is presented in Table 1. The CH-TRAMPAC describes "shipping categories" that are assigned to each payload container.more » Multiple shipping categories may be assigned to a single content code. A summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories is provided in Table 2, which consists of Tables 2A, 2B, and 2C. Table 2A provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for the "General Case," which reflects the assumption of a 60-day shipping period as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.4 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to be completed within an approximately 1,000-mile radius, a shorter shipping period of 20 days is applicable as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.5 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to WIPP from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Nevada Test Site, and Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, a 20-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2B provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Close-Proximity Shipments" (20-day shipping period). For shipments implementing the controls specified in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.6 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices, a 10-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2C provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Controlled Shipments" (10-day shipping period).« less

CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Washington TRU Solutions LLC

2006-08-15

The CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON) document describes the inventory of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) CH-TRU waste within the transportation parameters specified by the Contact-Handled Transuranic Waste Authorized Methods for Payload Control (CH-TRAMPAC). The CH-TRAMPAC defines the allowable payload for the Transuranic Package Transporter-II (TRUPACT-II) and HalfPACT packagings. This document is a catalog of TRUPACT-II and HalfPACT authorized contents and a description of the methods utilized to demonstrate compliance with the CH-TRAMPAC. A summary of currently approved content codes by site is presented in Table 1. The CH-TRAMPAC describes "shipping categories" that are assigned to each payload container.more » Multiple shipping categories may be assigned to a single content code. A summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories is provided in Table 2, which consists of Tables 2A, 2B, and 2C. Table 2A provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for the "General Case," which reflects the assumption of a 60-day shipping period as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.4 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to be completed within an approximately 1,000-mile radius, a shorter shipping period of 20 days is applicable as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.5 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to WIPP from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Nevada Test Site, and Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, a 20-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2B provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Close-Proximity Shipments" (20-day shipping period). For shipments implementing the controls specified in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.6 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices, a 10-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2C provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Controlled Shipments" (10-day shipping period).« less

CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Washington TRU Solutions LLC

2006-12-20

The CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON) document describes the inventory of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) CH-TRU waste within the transportation parameters specified by the Contact-Handled Transuranic Waste Authorized Methods for Payload Control (CH-TRAMPAC). The CH-TRAMPAC defines the allowable payload for the Transuranic Package Transporter-II (TRUPACT-II) and HalfPACT packagings. This document is a catalog of TRUPACT-II and HalfPACT authorized contents and a description of the methods utilized to demonstrate compliance with the CH-TRAMPAC. A summary of currently approved content codes by site is presented in Table 1. The CH-TRAMPAC describes "shipping categories" that are assigned to each payload container.more » Multiple shipping categories may be assigned to a single content code. A summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories is provided in Table 2, which consists of Tables 2A, 2B, and 2C. Table 2A provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for the "General Case," which reflects the assumption of a 60-day shipping period as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.4 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to be completed within an approximately 1,000-mile radius, a shorter shipping period of 20 days is applicable as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.5 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to WIPP from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Nevada Test Site, and Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, a 20-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2B provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Close-Proximity Shipments" (20-day shipping period). For shipments implementing the controls specified in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.6 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices, a 10-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2C provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Controlled Shipments" (10-day shipping period).« less

CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Washington TRU Solutions LLC

2007-02-15

The CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON) document describes the inventory of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) CH-TRU waste within the transportation parameters specified by the Contact-Handled Transuranic Waste Authorized Methods for Payload Control (CH-TRAMPAC). The CH-TRAMPAC defines the allowable payload for the Transuranic Package Transporter-II (TRUPACT-II) and HalfPACT packagings. This document is a catalog of TRUPACT-II and HalfPACT authorized contents and a description of the methods utilized to demonstrate compliance with the CH-TRAMPAC. A summary of currently approved content codes by site is presented in Table 1. The CH-TRAMPAC describes "shipping categories" that are assigned to each payload container.more » Multiple shipping categories may be assigned to a single content code. A summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories is provided in Table 2, which consists of Tables 2A, 2B, and 2C. Table 2A provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for the "General Case," which reflects the assumption of a 60-day shipping period as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.4 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to be completed within an approximately 1,000-mile radius, a shorter shipping period of 20 days is applicable as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.5 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to WIPP from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Nevada Test Site, and Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, a 20-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2B provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Close-Proximity Shipments" (20-day shipping period). For shipments implementing the controls specified in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.6 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices, a 10-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2C provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Controlled Shipments" (10-day shipping period).« less

CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Washington TRU Solutions LLC

2006-09-15

The CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON) document describes the inventory of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) CH-TRU waste within the transportation parameters specified by the Contact-Handled Transuranic Waste Authorized Methods for Payload Control (CH-TRAMPAC). The CH-TRAMPAC defines the allowable payload for the Transuranic Package Transporter-II (TRUPACT-II) and HalfPACT packagings. This document is a catalog of TRUPACT-II and HalfPACT authorized contents and a description of the methods utilized to demonstrate compliance with the CH-TRAMPAC. A summary of currently approved content codes by site is presented in Table 1. The CH-TRAMPAC describes "shipping categories" that are assigned to each payload container.more » Multiple shipping categories may be assigned to a single content code. A summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories is provided in Table 2, which consists of Tables 2A, 2B, and 2C. Table 2A provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for the "General Case," which reflects the assumption of a 60-day shipping period as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.4 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to be completed within an approximately 1,000-mile radius, a shorter shipping period of 20 days is applicable as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.5 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to WIPP from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Nevada Test Site, and Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, a 20-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2B provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Close-Proximity Shipments" (20-day shipping period). For shipments implementing the controls specified in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.6 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices, a 10-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2C provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Controlled Shipments" (10-day shipping period).« less

CH-TRU Waste Content Codes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Washington TRU Solutions LLC

2008-01-16

The CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON) document describes the inventory of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) CH-TRU waste within the transportation parameters specified by the Contact-Handled Transuranic Waste Authorized Methods for Payload Control (CH-TRAMPAC). The CH-TRAMPAC defines the allowable payload for the Transuranic Package Transporter-II (TRUPACT-II) and HalfPACT packagings. This document is a catalog of TRUPACT-II and HalfPACT authorized contents and a description of the methods utilized to demonstrate compliance with the CH-TRAMPAC. A summary of currently approved content codes by site is presented in Table 1. The CH-TRAMPAC describes "shipping categories" that are assigned to each payload container.more » Multiple shipping categories may be assigned to a single content code. A summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories is provided in Table 2, which consists of Tables 2A, 2B, and 2C. Table 2A provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for the "General Case," which reflects the assumption of a 60-day shipping period as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.4 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to be completed within an approximately 1,000-mile radius, a shorter shipping period of 20 days is applicable as described in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.5 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices. For shipments to WIPP from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Nevada Test Site, and Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, a 20-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2B provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Close-Proximity Shipments" (20-day shipping period). For shipments implementing the controls specified in the CH-TRAMPAC and Appendix 3.6 of the CH-TRU Payload Appendices, a 10-day shipping period is applicable. Table 2C provides a summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories for "Controlled Shipments" (10-day shipping period).« less

Conceptual achievement of 1GBq activity in a Plasma Focus driven system.

PubMed

Tabbakh, Farshid; Sadat Kiai, Seyed Mahmood; Pashaei, Mohammad

2017-11-01

This is an approach to evaluate the radioisotope production by means of typical dense plasma focus devices. The production rate of the appropriate positron emitters, F-18, N-13 and O-15 has been studied. The beam-target mechanism was simulated by GEANT4 Monte Carlo tool using QGSP_BIC and QGSP_INCLXX physic models as comparison. The results for positron emitters have been evaluated by reported experimental data and found conformity between simulations and experimental reports that leads to using this code as a reliable tool in optimizing the DPF driven systems for achieving to 1GBq activity of produced radioisotope. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

50 CFR Table 2c to Part 679 - Species Codes: FMP Forage Fish Species (all species of the following families)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 13 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Species Codes: FMP Forage Fish Species (all species of the following families) 2c Table 2c to Part 679 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY...: FMP Forage Fish Species (all species of the following families) Species Description Code Bristlemouths...

50 CFR Table 2c to Part 679 - Species Codes: FMP Forage Fish Species (all species of the following families)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 13 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Species Codes: FMP Forage Fish Species (all species of the following families) 2c Table 2c to Part 679 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY...: FMP Forage Fish Species (all species of the following families) Species Description Code Bristlemouths...

50 CFR Table 2c to Part 679 - Species Codes: FMP Forage Fish Species (all species of the following families)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 13 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Species Codes: FMP Forage Fish Species (all species of the following families) 2c Table 2c to Part 679 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY...: FMP Forage Fish Species (all species of the following families) Species Description Code Bristlemouths...

50 CFR Table 2c to Part 679 - Species Codes: FMP Forage Fish Species (all species of the following families)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 11 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Species Codes: FMP Forage Fish Species (all species of the following families) 2c Table 2c to Part 679 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY...: FMP Forage Fish Species (all species of the following families) Species Description Code Bristlemouths...

50 CFR Table 2c to Part 679 - Species Codes: FMP Forage Fish Species (all species of the following families)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Species Codes: FMP Forage Fish Species (all species of the following families) 2c Table 2c to Part 679 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY...: FMP Forage Fish Species (all species of the following families) Species Description Code Bristlemouths...

Table-driven software architecture for a stitching system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thrash, Patrick J. (Inventor); Miller, Jeffrey L. (Inventor); Pallas, Ken (Inventor); Trank, Robert C. (Inventor); Fox, Rhoda (Inventor); Korte, Mike (Inventor); Codos, Richard (Inventor); Korolev, Alexandre (Inventor); Collan, William (Inventor)

2001-01-01

Native code for a CNC stitching machine is generated by generating a geometry model of a preform; generating tool paths from the geometry model, the tool paths including stitching instructions for making stitches; and generating additional instructions indicating thickness values. The thickness values are obtained from a lookup table. When the stitching machine runs the native code, it accesses a lookup table to determine a thread tension value corresponding to the thickness value. The stitching machine accesses another lookup table to determine a thread path geometry value corresponding to the thickness value.

Query-based biclustering of gene expression data using Probabilistic Relational Models.

PubMed

Zhao, Hui; Cloots, Lore; Van den Bulcke, Tim; Wu, Yan; De Smet, Riet; Storms, Valerie; Meysman, Pieter; Engelen, Kristof; Marchal, Kathleen

2011-02-15

With the availability of large scale expression compendia it is now possible to view own findings in the light of what is already available and retrieve genes with an expression profile similar to a set of genes of interest (i.e., a query or seed set) for a subset of conditions. To that end, a query-based strategy is needed that maximally exploits the coexpression behaviour of the seed genes to guide the biclustering, but that at the same time is robust against the presence of noisy genes in the seed set as seed genes are often assumed, but not guaranteed to be coexpressed in the queried compendium. Therefore, we developed ProBic, a query-based biclustering strategy based on Probabilistic Relational Models (PRMs) that exploits the use of prior distributions to extract the information contained within the seed set. We applied ProBic on a large scale Escherichia coli compendium to extend partially described regulons with potentially novel members. We compared ProBic's performance with previously published query-based biclustering algorithms, namely ISA and QDB, from the perspective of bicluster expression quality, robustness of the outcome against noisy seed sets and biological relevance.This comparison learns that ProBic is able to retrieve biologically relevant, high quality biclusters that retain their seed genes and that it is particularly strong in handling noisy seeds. ProBic is a query-based biclustering algorithm developed in a flexible framework, designed to detect biologically relevant, high quality biclusters that retain relevant seed genes even in the presence of noise or when dealing with low quality seed sets.

A Comparison of Two Objective Measures of Binaural Processing: The Interaural Phase Modulation Following Response and the Binaural Interaction Component.

PubMed

Haywood, Nicholas R; Undurraga, Jaime A; Marquardt, Torsten; McAlpine, David

2015-12-30

There has been continued interest in clinical objective measures of binaural processing. One commonly proposed measure is the binaural interaction component (BIC), which is obtained typically by recording auditory brainstem responses (ABRs)-the BIC reflects the difference between the binaural ABR and the sum of the monaural ABRs (i.e., binaural - (left + right)). We have recently developed an alternative, direct measure of sensitivity to interaural time differences, namely, a following response to modulations in interaural phase difference (the interaural phase modulation following response; IPM-FR). To obtain this measure, an ongoing diotically amplitude-modulated signal is presented, and the interaural phase difference of the carrier is switched periodically at minima in the modulation cycle. Such periodic modulations to interaural phase difference can evoke a steady state following response. BIC and IPM-FR measurements were compared from 10 normal-hearing subjects using a 16-channel electroencephalographic system. Both ABRs and IPM-FRs were observed most clearly from similar electrode locations-differential recordings taken from electrodes near the ear (e.g., mastoid) in reference to a vertex electrode (Cz). Although all subjects displayed clear ABRs, the BIC was not reliably observed. In contrast, the IPM-FR typically elicited a robust and significant response. In addition, the IPM-FR measure required a considerably shorter recording session. As the IPM-FR magnitude varied with interaural phase difference modulation depth, it could potentially serve as a correlate of perceptual salience. Overall, the IPM-FR appears a more suitable clinical measure than the BIC. © The Author(s) 2015.

Model Selection and Psychological Theory: A Discussion of the Differences between the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vrieze, Scott I.

2012-01-01

This article reviews the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) in model selection and the appraisal of psychological theory. The focus is on latent variable models, given their growing use in theory testing and construction. Theoretical statistical results in regression are discussed, and more important…

Stylizing Genderlect Online for Social Action: A Corpus Analysis of "BIC Cristal for Her" Reviews

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ray, Brian

2016-01-01

This article introduces the concept of stylization and illustrates its usefulness for studying online discourse by examining how writers have employed it in order to parody sexist products such as BIC Cristal for Her, using genderlect in order to introduce dissonance into and reframe patriarchal discourse. A corpus analysis of 671 reviews, written…

The Effect of Breakfast in the Classroom on Obesity and Academic Performance: Evidence from New York City. Working Paper #04-14

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Corcoran, Sean P.; Elbel, Brian; Schwartz, Amy Ellen

2014-01-01

Participation in the federally-subsidized school breakfast program often falls well below its lunchtime counterpart. To increase take-up, many districts have implemented Breakfast in the Classroom (BIC), offering breakfast directly to students at the start of the school day. Beyond increasing participation, advocates claim BIC improves academic…

Chemically stable Au nanorods as probes for sensitive surface enhanced scattering (SERS) analysis of blue BIC ballpoint pens

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alyami, Abeer; Saviello, Daniela; McAuliffe, Micheal A. P.; Cucciniello, Raffaele; Mirabile, Antonio; Proto, Antonio; Lewis, Liam; Iacopino, Daniela

2017-08-01

Au nanorods were used as an alternative to commonly used Ag nanoparticles as Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) probes for identification of dye composition of blue BIC ballpoint pens. When used in combination with Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), Au nanorod colloids allowed identification of the major dye components of the BIC pen ink, otherwise not identifiable by normal Raman spectroscopy. Thanks to their enhanced chemical stability compared to Ag colloids, Au nanorods provided stable and reproducible SERS signals and allowed easy identification of phthalocyanine and triarylene dyes in the pen ink mixture. These findings were supported by FTIR and MALDI analyses, also performed on the pen ink. Furthermore, the self-assembly of Au nanorods into large area ordered superstructures allowed identification of BIC pen traces. SERS spectra of good intensity and high reproducibility were obtained using Au nanorod vertical arrays, due to the high density of hot spots and morphological reproducibility of these superstructures. These results open the way to the employment of SERS for fast screening analysis and for quantitative analysis of pens and faded pens which are relevant for the fields of forensic and art conservation sciences.

Let Us Make the Table Periodic.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Campbell, J. Arthur

1989-01-01

An approach to teaching the properties of the elements and their arrangement in the periodic table is suggested. Discussed are symbols for the elements, format of the table, and coding the properties of the elements on the table. (CW)

Personnel-General: Army Substance Abuse Program Civilian Services

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-10-15

destroyed. Additional reproduction and distribution of completed records is prohibited. c. SECTION I. IDENTIFICATION. (1) Block I. Date of Report. Enter...AMPHETAMINE B BARBITUATES C COCAINE H HALLUCINOGENS (LSD) M METHAQUALONE, SEDATIVE, HYPNOTIC , OR ANXIOLYTIC O OPIATES P PHENCYCLIDINE (PCP) T CANNABIS...Table 5–6 Codes for TABLE F (T-DIAG-CODE) Code Rejection Reason 30390 ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE 30400 OPIOID DEPENDENCE 30410 SEDATIVE, HYPNOTIC , OR ANXIOLYTIC

Coding efficiency of AVS 2.0 for CBAC and CABAC engines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cui, Jing; Choi, Youngkyu; Chae, Soo-Ik

2015-12-01

In this paper we compare the coding efficiency of AVS 2.0[1] for engines of the Context-based Binary Arithmetic Coding (CBAC)[2] in the AVS 2.0 and the Context-Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coder (CABAC)[3] in the HEVC[4]. For fair comparison, the CABAC is embedded in the reference code RD10.1 because the CBAC is in the HEVC in our previous work[5]. The rate estimation table is employed only for RDOQ in the RD code. To reduce the computation complexity of the video encoder, therefore we modified the RD code so that the rate estimation table is employed for all RDO decision. Furthermore, we also simplify the complexity of rate estimation table by reducing the bit depth of its fractional part to 2 from 8. The simulation result shows that the CABAC has the BD-rate loss of about 0.7% compared to the CBAC. It seems that the CBAC is a little more efficient than that the CABAC in the AVS 2.0.

Coding of adverse events of suicidality in clinical study reports of duloxetine for the treatment of major depressive disorder: descriptive study

PubMed Central

Tendal, Britta; Hróbjartsson, Asbjørn; Lundh, Andreas; Gøtzsche, Peter C

2014-01-01

Objective To assess the effects of coding and coding conventions on summaries and tabulations of adverse events data on suicidality within clinical study reports. Design Systematic electronic search for adverse events of suicidality in tables, narratives, and listings of adverse events in individual patients within clinical study reports. Where possible, for each event we extracted the original term reported by the investigator, the term as coded by the medical coding dictionary, medical coding dictionary used, and the patient’s trial identification number. Using the patient’s trial identification number, we attempted to reconcile data on the same event between the different formats for presenting data on adverse events within the clinical study report. Setting 9 randomised placebo controlled trials of duloxetine for major depressive disorder submitted to the European Medicines Agency for marketing approval. Data sources Clinical study reports obtained from the EMA in 2011. Results Six trials used the medical coding dictionary COSTART (Coding Symbols for a Thesaurus of Adverse Reaction Terms) and three used MedDRA (Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities). Suicides were clearly identifiable in all formats of adverse event data in clinical study reports. Suicide attempts presented in tables included both definitive and provisional diagnoses. Suicidal ideation and preparatory behaviour were obscured in some tables owing to the lack of specificity of the medical coding dictionary, especially COSTART. Furthermore, we found one event of suicidal ideation described in narrative text that was absent from tables and adverse event listings of individual patients. The reason for this is unclear, but may be due to the coding conventions used. Conclusion Data on adverse events in tables in clinical study reports may not accurately represent the underlying patient data because of the medical dictionaries and coding conventions used. In clinical study reports, the listings of adverse events for individual patients and narratives of adverse events can provide additional information, including original investigator reported adverse event terms, which can enable a more accurate estimate of harms. PMID:24899651

50 CFR Table 3a to Part 680 - Crab Delivery Condition Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Crab Delivery Condition Codes 3a Table 3a to Part 680 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (CONTINUED) SHELLFISH FISHERIES OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC...

50 CFR Table 4 to Part 680 - Crab Process Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Crab Process Codes 4 Table 4 to Part 680 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (CONTINUED) SHELLFISH FISHERIES OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OFF ALASKA Pt. 680...

76 FR 57982 - Building Energy Codes Cost Analysis

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-19

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [Docket No. EERE-2011-BT-BC-0046] Building Energy Codes Cost Analysis Correction In notice document 2011-23236 beginning on page... heading ``Table 1. Cash flow components'' should read ``Table 7. Cash flow components''. [FR Doc. C1-2011...

18 CFR Table 1 to Part 301 - Functionalization and Escalation Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Functionalization and Escalation Codes 1 Table 1 to Part 301 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY REGULATIONS FOR FEDERAL POWER MARKETING ADMINISTRATIONS AVERAGE SYSTEM COST...

18 CFR Table 1 to Part 301 - Functionalization and Escalation Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Functionalization and Escalation Codes 1 Table 1 to Part 301 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY REGULATIONS FOR FEDERAL POWER MARKETING ADMINISTRATIONS AVERAGE SYSTEM COST...

18 CFR Table 1 to Part 301 - Functionalization and Escalation Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Functionalization and Escalation Codes 1 Table 1 to Part 301 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY REGULATIONS FOR FEDERAL POWER MARKETING ADMINISTRATIONS AVERAGE SYSTEM COST...

18 CFR Table 1 to Part 301 - Functionalization and Escalation Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Functionalization and Escalation Codes 1 Table 1 to Part 301 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY REGULATIONS FOR FEDERAL POWER MARKETING ADMINISTRATIONS AVERAGE SYSTEM COST...

18 CFR Table 1 to Part 301 - Functionalization and Escalation Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Functionalization and Escalation Codes 1 Table 1 to Part 301 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY REGULATIONS FOR FEDERAL POWER MARKETING ADMINISTRATIONS AVERAGE SYSTEM COST...

Infection control and prevention practices implemented to reduce transmission risk of Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus in a tertiary care institution in Saudi Arabia.

PubMed

Butt, Taimur S; Koutlakis-Barron, Irene; AlJumaah, Suliman; AlThawadi, Sahar; AlMofada, Saleh

2016-05-01

Transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (MERS-CoV) among health care workers (HCWs) and patients has been documented with mortality rate approximating 36%. We propose advanced infection control measures (A-IC) used in conjunction with basic infection control measures (B-IC) help reduce pathogen transmission. B-IC include standard and transmission-based precautions. A-IC are initiatives implemented within our center to enhance effectiveness of B-IC. Study effectiveness of combining B-IC and A-IC to prevent transmission of MERS-CoV to HCWs. A retrospective observational study was undertaken. A-IC measures include administrative support with daily rounds; infection control risk assessment; timely screening, isolation, and specimen analysis; collaboration; epidemic planning; stockpiling; implementation of contingency plans; full personal protective equipment use for advanced airway management; use of a real-time electronic isolation flagging system; infection prevention and control team on-call protocols; pretransfer MERS-CoV testing; and education. A total of 874 real-time polymerase chain reaction MERS-CoV tests were performed during the period beginning July 1, 2013, and ending January 31, 2015. Six hundred ninety-four non-HCWs were tested, of these 16 tested positive for MERS-CoV and their infection was community acquired. Sixty-nine percent of the confirmed MERS-CoV-positive cases were men, with an average age of 56 years (range, 19-84 years). Of the total tested for MERS-CoV, 180 individuals were HCWs with zero positivity. Adhering to a combination of B-IC and A-IC reduces the risk of MERS-CoV transmission to HCWs. Copyright © 2016 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The influence of micro and macro-geometry in term of bone-implant interface in two implant systems: an histomorphometrical study

PubMed Central

ROCCI, A.; CALCATERRA, R.; DI GIROLAMO, M.; ROCCI, M.; ROCCI, C.; BAGGI, L.

2015-01-01

SUMMARY Objective Many factors could affect the osseous healing of implants such as surface topography of biomaterial, the status of the bone/implant site, implant loading conditions, surgical technique and implant design. The aim of this study was to analyze the BIC of 2 different implants systems characterized by different micro and macrogeometry, that were placed in the posterior maxillary and mandibular jaws of humans, clinically unloaded and retrieved for histomorphometric analyses after 12 weeks. Material and method The patients were divided in two groups (Group I and II); group I was composed by 4 patients that each received in the posterior areas of mandible one type A implant [GTB-Plan1Health Amaro (UD) Italy] one type B implant (OsseoSpeed Astra Tech, Dentsply Molndal, Sweden). Group II was composed by 3 patients that each received in the posterior areas of jawsbone one type A implant [GTB-Plan1Health Amaro (UD) Italy] one type B implant (OsseoSpeed Astra Tech, Dentsply Molndal, Sweden). After 12 weeks of healing all the implants of both groups were harvested with the peri-implant bone tissues. Osseointegration process was evaluated throughout measurements of BIC. Results No statistical significance differences were found among the mean percentage of BIC of Group I – type A were 66,51% versus 49,96% in Group I – type B, as well as among the mean percentage of BIC of Group II – type A were 43.7% versus 60.02% in Group II – type B. Conclusions Our results highlight that the mean percentage of BIC after 12 weeks from the implants placement without functional loading is not influenced by the composition of the implant surface. PMID:28042421

The influence of micro and macro-geometry in term of bone-implant interface in two implant systems: an histomorphometrical study.

PubMed

Rocci, A; Calcaterra, R; DI Girolamo, M; Rocci, M; Rocci, C; Baggi, L

2015-01-01

Many factors could affect the osseous healing of implants such as surface topography of biomaterial, the status of the bone/implant site, implant loading conditions, surgical technique and implant design. The aim of this study was to analyze the BIC of 2 different implants systems characterized by different micro and macrogeometry, that were placed in the posterior maxillary and mandibular jaws of humans, clinically unloaded and retrieved for histomorphometric analyses after 12 weeks. The patients were divided in two groups (Group I and II); group I was composed by 4 patients that each received in the posterior areas of mandible one type A implant [GTB-Plan1Health Amaro (UD) Italy] one type B implant (OsseoSpeed Astra Tech, Dentsply Molndal, Sweden). Group II was composed by 3 patients that each received in the posterior areas of jawsbone one type A implant [GTB-Plan1Health Amaro (UD) Italy] one type B implant (OsseoSpeed Astra Tech, Dentsply Molndal, Sweden). After 12 weeks of healing all the implants of both groups were harvested with the peri-implant bone tissues. Osseointegration process was evaluated throughout measurements of BIC. No statistical significance differences were found among the mean percentage of BIC of Group I - type A were 66,51% versus 49,96% in Group I - type B, as well as among the mean percentage of BIC of Group II - type A were 43.7% versus 60.02% in Group II - type B. Our results highlight that the mean percentage of BIC after 12 weeks from the implants placement without functional loading is not influenced by the composition of the implant surface.

Comparison of two dental implant surface modifications on implants with same macrodesign: an experimental study in the pelvic sheep model.

PubMed

Ernst, Sabrina; Stübinger, Stefan; Schüpbach, Peter; Sidler, Michéle; Klein, Karina; Ferguson, Stephen J; von Rechenberg, Brigitte

2015-08-01

The aim of this study was to compare two different surfaces of one uniform macro-implant design in order to focus exclusively on the osseointegration properties after 2, 4 and 8 weeks and to discuss the animal model chosen. In six mature sheep, n = 36 implants with a highly crystalline and phosphate-enriched anodized titanium oxide surface (TiU) and n = 36 implants with a hydrophilic, sandblasted, large grit and acid-etched surface (SLA) were placed in the pelvic bone. TiU implants were custom-made to match the SLA implant design. The implant stability and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) were assessed by resonance frequency (ISQ), backscatter scanning electron microscopy (B-SEM), light microscopy (LM), micro-CT and intravital fluorochrome staining. Biomechanical removal torque testing was performed. Overall, no statistically significant differences in BIC total (trabecular + cortical) between TiU and SLA were found via LM and B-SEM. BIC values (B-SEM; LM) in both groups revealed a steady rise in trabecular bone attachment to the implant surface after 2, 4 and 8 weeks. In the 2- to 4-week time interval in the TiU group (P = 0.005) as well as in the SLA group (P = 0.01), a statistically significant increase in BIC trabecular could be observed via LM. B-SEM values confirmed the statistically significant increase for TiU (P = 0.001). In both groups, BIC trabecular values after 8 weeks were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) than after 2 weeks (B-SEM; LM). Biomechanical data confirmed the histological data. The two surfaces proved comparable osseointegration in this sheep model. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Trinary signed-digit arithmetic using an efficient encoding scheme

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Salim, W. Y.; Alam, M. S.; Fyath, R. S.; Ali, S. A.

2000-09-01

The trinary signed-digit (TSD) number system is of interest for ultrafast optoelectronic computing systems since it permits parallel carry-free addition and borrow-free subtraction of two arbitrary length numbers in constant time. In this paper, a simple coding scheme is proposed to encode the decimal number directly into the TSD form. The coding scheme enables one to perform parallel one-step TSD arithmetic operation. The proposed coding scheme uses only a 5-combination coding table instead of the 625-combination table reported recently for recoded TSD arithmetic technique.

One-step trinary signed-digit arithmetic using an efficient encoding scheme

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Salim, W. Y.; Fyath, R. S.; Ali, S. A.; Alam, Mohammad S.

2000-11-01

The trinary signed-digit (TSD) number system is of interest for ultra fast optoelectronic computing systems since it permits parallel carry-free addition and borrow-free subtraction of two arbitrary length numbers in constant time. In this paper, a simple coding scheme is proposed to encode the decimal number directly into the TSD form. The coding scheme enables one to perform parallel one-step TSD arithmetic operation. The proposed coding scheme uses only a 5-combination coding table instead of the 625-combination table reported recently for recoded TSD arithmetic technique.

40 CFR 63.146 - Process wastewater provisions-reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... or operator seeks to monitor a parameter other than those specified in table 11, table 12, or table... Compliance Status Report. This information may be submitted in any form. Table 15 of this subpart is an... code. (iii) For existing sources, concentration of table 9 compound(s) in parts per million, by weight...

Corticomotor excitability of arm muscles modulates according to static position and orientation of the upper limb.

PubMed

Mogk, Jeremy P M; Rogers, Lynn M; Murray, Wendy M; Perreault, Eric J; Stinear, James W

2014-10-01

We investigated how multi-joint changes in static upper limb posture impact the corticomotor excitability of the posterior deltoid (PD) and biceps brachii (BIC), and evaluated whether postural variations in excitability related directly to changes in target muscle length. The amplitude of individual motor evoked potentials (MEPs) was evaluated in each of thirteen different static postures. Four functional postures were investigated that varied in shoulder and elbow angle, while the forearm was positioned in each of three orientations. Posture-related changes in muscle lengths were assessed using a biomechanical arm model. Additionally, M-waves were evoked in the BIC in each of three forearm orientations to assess the impact of posture on recorded signal characteristics. BIC-MEP amplitudes were altered by shoulder and elbow posture, and demonstrated robust changes according to forearm orientation. Observed changes in BIC-MEP amplitudes exceeded those of the M-waves. PD-MEP amplitudes changed predominantly with shoulder posture, but were not completely independent of influence from forearm orientation. Results provide evidence that overall corticomotor excitability can be modulated according to multi-joint upper limb posture. The ability to alter motor pathway excitability using static limb posture suggests the importance of posture selection during rehabilitation aimed at retraining individual muscle recruitment and/or overall coordination patterns. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

Robust backstepping control of an interlink converter in a hybrid AC/DC microgrid based on feedback linearisation method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dehkordi, N. Mahdian; Sadati, N.; Hamzeh, M.

2017-09-01

This paper presents a robust dc-link voltage as well as a current control strategy for a bidirectional interlink converter (BIC) in a hybrid ac/dc microgrid. To enhance the dc-bus voltage control, conventional methods strive to measure and feedforward the load or source power in the dc-bus control scheme. However, the conventional feedforward-based approaches require remote measurement with communications. Moreover, conventional methods suffer from stability and performance issues, mainly due to the use of the small-signal-based control design method. To overcome these issues, in this paper, the power from DG units of the dc subgrid imposed on the BIC is considered an unmeasurable disturbance signal. In the proposed method, in contrast to existing methods, using the nonlinear model of BIC, a robust controller that does not need the remote measurement with communications effectively rejects the impact of the disturbance signal imposed on the BIC's dc-link voltage. To avoid communication links, the robust controller has a plug-and-play feature that makes it possible to add a DG/load to or remove it from the dc subgrid without distorting the hybrid microgrid stability. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy in MATLAB/SimPowerSystems software environment.

50 CFR Table 3b to Part 680 - Crab Disposition or Product Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Crab Disposition or Product Codes 3b Table 3b to Part 680 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (CONTINUED) SHELLFISH FISHERIES OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC...

RADTRAD: A simplified model for RADionuclide Transport and Removal And Dose estimation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Humphreys, S.L.; Miller, L.A.; Monroe, D.K.

1998-04-01

This report documents the RADTRAD computer code developed for the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation (NRR) to estimate transport and removal of radionuclides and dose at selected receptors. The document includes a users` guide to the code, a description of the technical basis for the code, the quality assurance and code acceptance testing documentation, and a programmers` guide. The RADTRAD code can be used to estimate the containment release using either the NRC TID-14844 or NUREG-1465 source terms and assumptions, or a user-specified table. In addition, the code can account for a reduction in themore » quantity of radioactive material due to containment sprays, natural deposition, filters, and other natural and engineered safety features. The RADTRAD code uses a combination of tables and/or numerical models of source term reduction phenomena to determine the time-dependent dose at user-specified locations for a given accident scenario. The code system also provides the inventory, decay chain, and dose conversion factor tables needed for the dose calculation. The RADTRAD code can be used to assess occupational radiation exposures, typically in the control room; to estimate site boundary doses; and to estimate dose attenuation due to modification of a facility or accident sequence.« less

County-based estimates of nitrogen and phosphorus content of animal manure in the United States for 1982, 1987, and 1992

USGS Publications Warehouse

Puckett, Larry; Hitt, Kerie; Alexander, Richard

1998-01-01

names that correspond to the FIPS codes. 2. Tabular component - Nine tab-delimited ASCII lookup tables of animal counts and nutrient estimates organized by 5-digit state/county FIPS (Federal Information Processing Standards) code. Another table lists the county names that correspond to the FIPS codes. The use of trade names is for identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.

SiBIC: a web server for generating gene set networks based on biclusters obtained by maximal frequent itemset mining.

PubMed

Takahashi, Kei-ichiro; Takigawa, Ichigaku; Mamitsuka, Hiroshi

2013-01-01

Detecting biclusters from expression data is useful, since biclusters are coexpressed genes under only part of all given experimental conditions. We present a software called SiBIC, which from a given expression dataset, first exhaustively enumerates biclusters, which are then merged into rather independent biclusters, which finally are used to generate gene set networks, in which a gene set assigned to one node has coexpressed genes. We evaluated each step of this procedure: 1) significance of the generated biclusters biologically and statistically, 2) biological quality of merged biclusters, and 3) biological significance of gene set networks. We emphasize that gene set networks, in which nodes are not genes but gene sets, can be more compact than usual gene networks, meaning that gene set networks are more comprehensible. SiBIC is available at http://utrecht.kuicr.kyoto-u.ac.jp:8080/miami/faces/index.jsp.

Analysis of the influence of the macro- and microstructure of dental zirconium implants on osseointegration: a minipig study.

PubMed

Mueller, Cornelia Katharina; Solcher, Philipp; Peisker, Andrè; Mtsariashvilli, Maia; Schlegel, Karl Andreas; Hildebrand, Gerhard; Rost, Juergen; Liefeith, Klaus; Chen, Jiang; Schultze-Mosgau, Stefan

2013-07-01

It was the aim of this study to analyze the influence of implant design and surface topography on the osseointegration of dental zirconium implants. Six different implant designs were tested in the study. Nine or 10 test implants were inserted in the frontal skull in each of 10 miniature pigs. Biopsies were harvested after 2 and 4 months and subjected to microradiography. No significant differences between titanium and zirconium were found regarding the microradiographically detected bone-implant contact (BIC). Cylindric zirconium implants showed a higher BIC at the 2-month follow-up than conic zirconium implants. Among zirconium implants, those with an intermediate Ra value showed a significantly higher BIC compared with low and high Ra implants 4 months after surgery. Regarding osseointegration, titanium and zirconium showed equal properties. Cylindric implant design and intermediate surface roughness seemed to enhance osseointegration. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Learning about Probability from Text and Tables: Do Color Coding and Labeling through an Interactive-User Interface Help?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clinton, Virginia; Morsanyi, Kinga; Alibali, Martha W.; Nathan, Mitchell J.

2016-01-01

Learning from visual representations is enhanced when learners appropriately integrate corresponding visual and verbal information. This study examined the effects of two methods of promoting integration, color coding and labeling, on learning about probabilistic reasoning from a table and text. Undergraduate students (N = 98) were randomly…

50 CFR Table 2b to Part 679 - Species Codes: FMP Prohibited Species and CR Crab

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... CR Crab 2b Table 2b to Part 679 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL... CR Crab Species Description Code CR Crab Groundfish PSC CRAB Box Lopholithodes mandtii 900... aequispinus 923 ✓ ✓ King, red Paralithodes camtshaticus 921 ✓ ✓ King, scarlet (deepsea) Lithodes couesi 924...

Live-cell imaging of rice cytological changes reveals the importance of host vacuole maintenance for biotrophic invasion by blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae.

PubMed

Mochizuki, Susumu; Minami, Eiichi; Nishizawa, Yoko

2015-12-01

The rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae grows inside living host cells. Cytological analyses by live-cell imaging have revealed characteristics of the biotrophic invasion, particularly the extrainvasive hyphal membrane (EIHM) originating from the host plasma membrane and a host membrane-rich structure, biotrophic interfacial complex (BIC). Here, we observed rice subcellular changes associated with invasive hyphal growth using various transformants expressing specifically localized fluorescent proteins. The invasive hyphae did not penetrate across but were surrounded by the host vacuolar membrane together with EIHM even after branching. High-resolution imaging of BICs revealed that the host cytosol was accumulated at BIC with aggregated EIHM and a symplastic effector, Pwl2, in a punctate form. The vacuolar membrane did not aggregate in but closely surrounded the BIC. A good correlation was observed between the early collapse of vacuoles and damage of invasive hyphae in the first-invaded cell. Furthermore, a newly developed, long-term imaging method has revealed that the central vacuole gradually shrank until collapse, which was caused by the hyphal invasion occurring earlier in the neighboring cells than in the first-invaded cells. These data suggest that M. oryzae may suppress host vacuole collapse during early infection stages for successful infection. © 2015 The Authors. MicrobiologyOpen published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Influence of two barrier membranes on staged guided bone regeneration and osseointegration of titanium implants in dogs. Part 2: augmentation using bone graft substitutes.

PubMed

Mihatovic, Ilja; Becker, Jürgen; Golubovic, Vladimir; Hegewald, Andrea; Schwarz, Frank

2012-03-01

To assess the influence of two barrier membranes and two bone graft substitutes on staged guided bone regeneration and osseointegration of titanium implants in dogs. Saddle-type defects were prepared in the lower jaws of 6 fox hounds and randomly filled with a natural bone mineral (NBM) and a biphasic calcium phosphate (SBC) and allocated to either an in situ gelling polyethylene glycol (PEG) or a collagen membrane (CM). At 8 weeks, modSLA titanium implants were inserted and left to heal in a submerged position. At 8+2 weeks, respectively, dissected blocks were processed for histomorphometrical analysis (e.g., mineralized tissue [MT], bone-to-implant contact [BIC]). The mean MT values (mm2) and BIC values (%) tended to be higher in the PEG groups (MT: NBM [3.4±1.7]; SBC [4.2±2]/BIC: NBM [67.7±16.9]; SBC [66.9±17.8]) when compared with the corresponding CM groups (MT: NBM [2.5±0.8]; SBC [2.3±1.6]/BIC: NBM [54.1±22.6]; SBC [61±8.7]). These differences, however, did not reach statistical significance. It was concluded that all augmentation procedures investigated supported bone regeneration and staged osseointegration of modSLA titanium implants. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

Aging effects on the Binaural Interaction Component of the Auditory Brainstem Response in the Mongolian Gerbil: Effects of Interaural Time and Level Differences

PubMed Central

Laumen, Geneviève; Tollin, Daniel J.; Beutelmann, Rainer; Klump, Georg M.

2016-01-01

The effect of interaural time difference (ITD) and interaural level difference (ILD) on wave 4 of the binaural and summed monaural auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) as well as on the DN1 component of the binaural interaction component (BIC) of the ABR in young and old Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) was investigated. Measurements were made at a fixed sound pressure level (SPL) and a fixed level above visually detected ABR threshold to compensate for individual hearing threshold differences. In both stimulation modes (fixed SPL and fixed level above visually detected ABR threshold) an effect of ITD on the latency and the amplitude of wave 4 as well as of the BIC was observed. With increasing absolute ITD values BIC latencies were increased and amplitudes were decreased. ILD had a much smaller effect on these measures. Old animals showed a reduced amplitude of the DN1 component. This difference was due to a smaller wave 4 in the summed monaural ABRs of old animals compared to young animals whereas wave 4 in the binaural-evoked ABR showed no age-related difference. In old animals the small amplitude of the DN1 component was correlated with small binaural-evoked wave 1 and wave 3 amplitudes. This suggests that the reduced peripheral input affects central binaural processing which is reflected in the BIC. PMID:27173973

Comparative histomorphometry and resonance frequency analysis of implants with moderately rough surfaces in a loaded animal model.

PubMed

Al-Nawas, B; Groetz, K A; Goetz, H; Duschner, H; Wagner, W

2008-01-01

Test of favourable conditions for osseointegration with respect to optimum bone-implant contact (BIC) in a loaded animal model. The varied parameters were surface roughness and surface topography of commercially available dental implants. Thirty-two implants of six types of macro and microstructure were included in the study (total 196). The different types were: minimally rough control: Branemark machined Mk III; oxidized surface: TiUnite MkIII and MkIV; ZL Ticer; blasted and etched surface: Straumann SLA; rough control: titanium plasma sprayed (TPS). Sixteen beagle dogs were implanted with the whole set of the above implants. After a healing period of 8 weeks, implants were loaded for 3 months. For the evaluation of the BIC areas, adequately sectioned biopsies were visualized by subsurface scans with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The primary statistical analysis testing BIC of the moderately rough implants (mean 56.1+/-13.0%) vs. the minimally rough and the rough controls (mean 53.9+/-11.2%) does not reveal a significant difference (P=0.57). Mean values of 50-70% BIC were found for all implant types. Moderately rough oxidized implants show a median BIC, which is 8% higher than their minimally rough turned counterpart. The intraindividual difference between the TPS and the blasted and etched counterparts revealed no significant difference. The turned and the oxidized implants show median values of the resonance frequency [implant stability quotients (ISQ)] over 60; the nonself-tapping blasted and etched and TPS implants show median values below 60. In conclusion, the benefit of rough surfaces relative to minimally rough ones in this loaded animal model was confirmed histologically. The comparison of different surface treatment modalities revealed no significant differences between the modern moderately rough surfaces. Resonance frequency analysis seems to be influenced in a major part by the transducer used, thus prohibiting the comparison of different implant systems.

Effects of Local and Systemic Zoledronic Acid Application on Titanium Implant Osseointegration: An Experimental Study Conducted on Two Surface Types.

PubMed

Dundar, Serkan; Yaman, Ferhan; Gecor, Orhan; Cakmak, Omer; Kirtay, Mustafa; Yildirim, Tuba Talo; Karaman, Tahir; Benlidayi, Mehmet Emre

2017-06-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of local and systemic zoledronic acid (ZA) applications on titaniumoksit ceramic blasted (TiO-CB)- and sandblasted large acid-grit (SLA)-surfaced titanium implant osseointegration. Twelve New Zealand White rabbits were used in the study, divided into 6 groups: the TiO-CB (TiO-CB-CNT) (n = 2) and SLA (SLA-CNT) (n = 2) control groups in which TiO-CB- and SLA-surfaced titanium implants were surgically inserted into rabbit tibias but no treatment was applied; the TiO-CB (TiO-CB-LZA) (n = 2) and SLA (SLA-LZA) (n = 2) local ZA groups in which 1 mL of normal saline solution containing 2 mg of ZA was injected into sockets and after this the implants were integrated; and the TiO-CB (TiO-CB-SZA) (n = 2) and SLA (SLA-SZA) (n = 2) systemic ZA groups in which a single infusion of 0.1 mg/kg of ZA was administered during surgical implant insertion. Following a period of osseointegration, bone implant contact (BIC) was recorded as a proportion of the total implant surface length in direct contact with the bone. Results of this study indicate that BIC was greater in the systemic ZA application groups than in the local ZA application groups, and BIC was greater in the local ZA groups than in the controls. Statistically significant differences in BIC were not detected between the TiO-CB- and SLA-surfaced implants in all the groups. Furthermore, this study did not reveal significant differences between the 2 types of surfaces due to similar average roughness values. Overall, systemic ZA application was found to be more effective in increasing BIC than local ZA application based on the results obtained by testing 2 implant surfaces.

Suitability of the Binaural Interaction Component for Interaural Electrode Pairing of Bilateral Cochlear Implants.

PubMed

Hu, Hongmei; Kollmeier, Birger; Dietz, Mathias

2016-01-01

Although bilateral cochlear implants (BiCIs) have succeeded in improving the spatial hearing performance of bilateral CI users, the overall performance is still not comparable with normal hearing listeners. Limited success can be partially caused by an interaural mismatch of the place-of-stimulation in each cochlea. Pairing matched interaural CI electrodes and stimulating them with the same frequency band is expected to facilitate binaural functions such as binaural fusion, localization, or spatial release from masking. It has been shown in animal experiments that the magnitude of the binaural interaction component (BIC) derived from the wave-eV decreases for increasing interaural place of stimulation mismatch. This motivated the investigation of the suitability of an electroencephalography-based objective electrode-frequency fitting procedure based on the BIC for BiCI users. A 61 channel monaural and binaural electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (eABR) recording was performed in 7 MED-EL BiCI subjects so far. These BiCI subjects were directly stimulated at 60% dynamic range with 19.9 pulses per second via a research platform provided by the University of Innsbruck (RIB II). The BIC was derived for several interaural electrode pairs by subtracting the response from binaural stimulation from their summed monaural responses. The BIC based pairing results are compared with two psychoacoustic pairing methods: interaural pulse time difference sensitivity and interaural pitch matching. The results for all three methods analyzed as a function of probe electrode allow for determining a matched pair in more than half of the subjects, with a typical accuracy of ± 1 electrode. This includes evidence for statistically significant tuning of the BIC as a function of probe electrode in human subjects. However, results across the three conditions were sometimes not consistent. These discrepancies will be discussed in the light of pitch plasticity versus less plastic brainstem processing.

Fast Exact Search in Hamming Space With Multi-Index Hashing.

PubMed

Norouzi, Mohammad; Punjani, Ali; Fleet, David J

2014-06-01

There is growing interest in representing image data and feature descriptors using compact binary codes for fast near neighbor search. Although binary codes are motivated by their use as direct indices (addresses) into a hash table, codes longer than 32 bits are not being used as such, as it was thought to be ineffective. We introduce a rigorous way to build multiple hash tables on binary code substrings that enables exact k-nearest neighbor search in Hamming space. The approach is storage efficient and straight-forward to implement. Theoretical analysis shows that the algorithm exhibits sub-linear run-time behavior for uniformly distributed codes. Empirical results show dramatic speedups over a linear scan baseline for datasets of up to one billion codes of 64, 128, or 256 bits.

Soft-output decoding algorithms in iterative decoding of turbo codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Benedetto, S.; Montorsi, G.; Divsalar, D.; Pollara, F.

1996-01-01

In this article, we present two versions of a simplified maximum a posteriori decoding algorithm. The algorithms work in a sliding window form, like the Viterbi algorithm, and can thus be used to decode continuously transmitted sequences obtained by parallel concatenated codes, without requiring code trellis termination. A heuristic explanation is also given of how to embed the maximum a posteriori algorithms into the iterative decoding of parallel concatenated codes (turbo codes). The performances of the two algorithms are compared on the basis of a powerful rate 1/3 parallel concatenated code. Basic circuits to implement the simplified a posteriori decoding algorithm using lookup tables, and two further approximations (linear and threshold), with a very small penalty, to eliminate the need for lookup tables are proposed.

50 CFR Table 15 to Part 679 - Gear Codes, Descriptions, and Use

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... following: Alpha gear code NMFS logbooks Electronic check-in/ check-out Use numeric code to complete the following: Numeric gear code IERS eLandings ADF&G COAR NMFS AND ADF&G GEAR CODES Hook-and-line HAL X X 61 X...

50 CFR Table 15 to Part 679 - Gear Codes, Descriptions, and Use

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... following: Alpha gear code NMFS logbooks Electronic check-in/ check-out Use numeric code to complete the following: Numeric gear code IERS eLandings ADF&G COAR NMFS AND ADF&G GEAR CODES Hook-and-line HAL X X 61 X...

50 CFR Table 15 to Part 679 - Gear Codes, Descriptions, and Use

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... following: Alpha gear code NMFS logbooks Electronic check-in/ check-out Use numeric code to complete the following: Numeric gear code IERS eLandings ADF&G COAR NMFS AND ADF&G GEAR CODES Hook-and-line HAL X X 61 X...

Measurement of H2O and other trace gases in the stratosphere using a high resolution far-infrared spectrometer at 28 KM

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Traub, W. A.; Chance, K. V.

1986-01-01

The highlights of the stratospheric program were reviewed for the past 2.5 years. The major efforts were analysis of the data from the BIC-2 campaign, and the building or new instrumentation to replace that lost at the end of BIC-2. For clarity, the review will be done by topic, rather than chronologically: construction of the initial far-infrared spectrometer, balloon slight program, laboratory measurement, data analysis, and duplicate stabilized platform.

17 CFR Table V to Subpart E of... - Civil Monetary Penalty Inflation Adjustments

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Inflation Adjustments V Table V to Subpart E of Part 201 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION RULES OF PRACTICE Adjustment of Civil Monetary Penalties Pt. 201, Subpt. E, Table V Table V to Subpart E of Part 201—Civil Monetary Penalty Inflation Adjustments U.S. Code citation Civil...

17 CFR Table V to Subpart E of... - Civil Monetary Penalty Inflation Adjustments

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Inflation Adjustments V Table V to Subpart E of Part 201 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION RULES OF PRACTICE Adjustment of Civil Monetary Penalties Pt. 201, Subpt. E, Table V Table V to Subpart E of Part 201—Civil Monetary Penalty Inflation Adjustments U.S. Code citation Civil...

The "periodic table" of the genetic code: A new way to look at the code and the decoding process.

PubMed

Komar, Anton A

2016-01-01

Henri Grosjean and Eric Westhof recently presented an information-rich, alternative view of the genetic code, which takes into account current knowledge of the decoding process, including the complex nature of interactions between mRNA, tRNA and rRNA that take place during protein synthesis on the ribosome, and it also better reflects the evolution of the code. The new asymmetrical circular genetic code has a number of advantages over the traditional codon table and the previous circular diagrams (with a symmetrical/clockwise arrangement of the U, C, A, G bases). Most importantly, all sequence co-variances can be visualized and explained based on the internal logic of the thermodynamics of codon-anticodon interactions.

40 CFR 59.507 - What are the labeling requirements for aerosol coatings?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... in Table 1 of this subpart or a company-specific code, if that code is explained as required by § 59.511(a); (2) The applicable PWR limit for the product specified in Table 1 of this subpart; (3) The day... this subpart. (b) The label on the product must be displayed in such a manner that it is readily...

50 CFR Table 17 to Part 679 - Process Codes for Use With State of Alaska Commercial Operator's Annual Report (COAR)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 13 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Process Codes for Use With State of Alaska Commercial Operator's Annual Report (COAR) 17 Table 17 to Part 679 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (CONTINUED) FISHERIES OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC...

50 CFR Table 1 to Subpart H of... - Pacific Salmon EFH Identified by USGS Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 1 Table 1 to Subpart H of Part 660 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND... River Chinook salmon n/a 17060103 OR/WA/ID Lower Snake - Asotin Creek Chinook and coho salmon n/a... salmon n/a 17060106 OR/WA Lower Grande Ronde Chinook and coho salmon n/a 17060107 WA Lower Snake...

50 CFR Table 1 to Subpart H of... - Pacific Salmon EFH Identified by USGS Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 1 Table 1 to Subpart H of Part 660 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND... River Chinook salmon n/a 17060103 OR/WA/ID Lower Snake - Asotin Creek Chinook and coho salmon n/a... salmon n/a 17060106 OR/WA Lower Grande Ronde Chinook and coho salmon n/a 17060107 WA Lower Snake...

50 CFR Table 1 to Subpart H of... - Pacific Salmon EFH Identified by USGS Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 1 Table 1 to Subpart H of Part 660 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND... River Chinook salmon n/a 17060103 OR/WA/ID Lower Snake - Asotin Creek Chinook and coho salmon n/a... salmon n/a 17060106 OR/WA Lower Grande Ronde Chinook and coho salmon n/a 17060107 WA Lower Snake...

50 CFR Table 1 to Subpart H of... - Pacific Salmon EFH Identified by USGS Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 1 Table 1 to Subpart H of Part 660 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND... River Chinook salmon n/a 17060103 OR/WA/ID Lower Snake - Asotin Creek Chinook and coho salmon n/a... salmon n/a 17060106 OR/WA Lower Grande Ronde Chinook and coho salmon n/a 17060107 WA Lower Snake...

Syntheses, structures and luminescent properties of zero-/two-dimensional Cd(II) and Eu(III) complexes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fan, Rui-Qing; Wang, Li-Yuan; Wang, Ping; Chen, Hong; Sun, Cun-fa; Yang, Yu-Lin; Su, Qing

2012-12-01

Three metal-organic complexes Cd(HBIDC)(phen)2·4H2O (1), [Cd(BIC)(phen)]n (2) and {[Eu(HBIDC)(H2BIDC)(H2O)]·H2O}n (3) (H3BIDC=benzimidazole-5,6-dicarboxylic acid, H2BIC=benzimidazole-6-carboxylic acid, phen=1,10-phenanthroline) have been synthesized under hydro(solvo)thermal conditions and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectrum, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. With similar reaction conditions, reactions of the same ligand with different metal cations selected from different blocks (d-block and f-block) result in different coordination modes of carboxylate groups and final frameworks of complexes 1 and 3. The decarboxylation was observed in complex 2 and resulted in the formation of BIC2- ligand. Complexes 1-3 have intense fluorescent emissions at room temperature in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solution and in the solid-state, which indicate they are potential fluorescence materials. The quantum yields and fluorescence lifetimes of these three complexes were systematically studied.

TABULATED EQUIVALENT SDR FLAMELET (TESF) MODEFL

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

KUNDU, PRITHWISH; AMEEN, mUHSIN MOHAMMED; UNNIKRISHNAN, UMESH

The code consists of an implementation of a novel tabulated combustion model for non-premixed flames in CFD solvers. This novel technique/model is used to implement an unsteady flamelet tabulation without using progress variables for non-premixed flames. It also has the capability to include history effects which is unique within tabulated flamelet models. The flamelet table generation code can be run in parallel to generate tables with large chemistry mechanisms in relatively short wall clock times. The combustion model/code reads these tables. This framework can be coupled with any CFD solver with RANS as well as LES turbulence models. This frameworkmore » enables CFD solvers to run large chemistry mechanisms with large number of grids at relatively lower computational costs. Currently it has been coupled with the Converge CFD code and validated against available experimental data. This model can be used to simulate non-premixed combustion in a variety of applications like reciprocating engines, gas turbines and industrial burners operating over a wide range of fuels.« less

40 CFR 268.40 - Applicability of treatment standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., biodegradation as defined by the technology code BIODG, carbon adsorption as defined by the technology code CARBN....42 Table 1 of this Part, for nonwastewaters; and, biodegradation as defined by the technology code...

40 CFR 268.40 - Applicability of treatment standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., biodegradation as defined by the technology code BIODG, carbon adsorption as defined by the technology code CARBN....42 Table 1 of this Part, for nonwastewaters; and, biodegradation as defined by the technology code...

40 CFR 268.40 - Applicability of treatment standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., biodegradation as defined by the technology code BIODG, carbon adsorption as defined by the technology code CARBN....42 Table 1 of this Part, for nonwastewaters; and, biodegradation as defined by the technology code...

Advanced interstitial chemotherapy combined with targeted treatment of malignant glioma in rats by using drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes.

PubMed

Tseng, Yuan-Yun; Su, Chen-Hsing; Yang, Shun-Tai; Huang, Yin-Chen; Lee, Wei-Hwa; Wang, Yi-Chuan; Liu, Shou-Cheng; Liu, Shih-Jung

2016-09-13

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most prevalent and malignant form of a primary brain tumour, is resistant to chemotherapy. In this study, we concurrently loaded three chemotherapeutic agents [bis-chloroethylnitrosourea, irinotecan, and cisplatin; BIC] into 50:50 poly[(d,l)-lactide-co-glycolide] (PLGA) nanofibres and an antiangiogenic agent (combretastatin) into 75:25 PLGA nanofibres [BIC and combretastatin (BICC)/PLGA]. The BICC/PLGA nanofibrous membranes were surgically implanted onto the brain surfaces of healthy rats for conducting pharmacodynamic studies and onto C6 glioma-bearing rats for estimating the therapeutic efficacy.The chemotherapeutic agents were rapidly released from the 50:50 PLGA nanofibres after implantation, followed by the release of combretastatin (approximately 2 weeks later) from the 75:25 PLGA nanofibres. All drug concentrations remained higher in brain tissues than in the blood for more than 8 weeks. The experimental results, including attenuated malignancy, retarded tumour growth, and prolonged survival in tumour-bearing rats, demonstrated the efficacy of the BICC/PLGA nanofibrous membranes. Furthermore, the efficacy of BIC/PLGA and BICC/PLGA nanofibrous membranes was compared. The BICC/PLGA nanofibrous membranes more efficiently retarded the tumour growth and attenuated the malignancy of C6 glioma-bearing rats. Moreover, the addition of combretastatin did not significantly change the drug release behaviour of the BIC/PLGA nanofibrous membranes. The present advanced and novel interstitial chemotherapy and targeted treatment provide a potential strategy and regimen for treating GBM.

Effects of the 3D bone-to-implant contact and bone stiffness on the initial stability of a dental implant: micro-CT and resonance frequency analyses.

PubMed

Hsu, J T; Huang, H L; Tsai, M T; Wu, A Y J; Tu, M G; Fuh, L J

2013-02-01

This study investigated the effects of bone stiffness (elastic modulus) and three-dimensional (3D) bone-to-implant contact ratio (BIC%) on the primary stabilities of dental implants using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and resonance frequency analyses. Artificial sawbone models with five values of elastic modulus (137, 123, 47.5, 22, and 12.4 MPa) comprising two types of trabecular structure (solid-rigid and cellular-rigid) were investigated for initial implant stability quotient (ISQ), measured using the wireless Osstell resonance frequency analyzer. Bone specimens were attached to 2 mm fibre-filled epoxy sheets mimicking the cortical shell. ISQ was measured after placing a dental implant into the bone specimen. Each bone specimen with an implant was subjected to micro-CT scanning to calculate the 3D BIC% values. The similarity of the cellular type of artificial bone to the trabecular structure might make it more appropriate for obtaining accurate values of primary implant stability than solid-bone blocks. For the cellular-rigid bone models, the ISQ increased with the elastic modulus of cancellous bone. The regression correlation coefficient was 0.96 for correlations of the ISQ with the elasticity of cancellous bone and with the 3D BIC%. The initial implant stability was moderately positively correlated with the elasticity of cancellous bone and with the 3D BIC%. Copyright © 2012 International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of Guided Bone Regeneration around Oral Implants over Different Healing Times Using Two Different Bovine Bone Materials: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical and Histological Investigation.

PubMed

Kohal, Ralf Joachim; Straub, Lisa Marie; Wolkewitz, Martin; Bächle, Maria; Patzelt, Sebastian Berthold Maximilian

2015-10-01

To evaluate the potential of two bone substitute materials and the influence of different healing periods in guided bone regeneration therapy of osseous defects around implants. Twenty-four edentulous patients received implants in the region of the lost lower incisors. Around two standardized osseous defects were created, treated either with a 50:50 mixture of PepGen P-15® and OsteoGraf®/N-700 (test group) or with BioOss® (control group), and covered with titanium membranes. After healing periods of 2, 4, 6, or 9 months, the implants were removed together with the surrounding bone and subsequently prepared for histological evaluations. Defect depths in both groups showed a clinical reduction after intervention. The histologically measured distance from the implant shoulder to the first point of bone-implant contact (BIC) after treatment did not differ between the two groups. The healing time influenced the level of the first point of BIC, with a longer healing period producing a more coronal first point of BIC. A greater percentage BIC and a higher fraction of mineralized bone were found in the pristine bone area compared with the augmented defect area. It can be concluded that in the treatment of osseous defects around oral implants, both materials were equally effective bone substitute materials when used in combination with guided bone regeneration. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

One-Piece Zirconia Ceramic versus Titanium Implants in the Jaw and Femur of a Sheep Model: A Pilot Study.

PubMed

Siddiqi, A; Duncan, W J; De Silva, R K; Zafar, S

2016-01-01

Reports have documented titanium (Ti) hypersensitivity after dental implant treatment. Alternative materials have been suggested including zirconia (Zr) ceramics, which have shown predictable osseointegration in animal studies and appear free of immune responses. The aim of the research was to investigate the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) of one-piece Zr, compared with one-piece Ti implants, placed in the jaws and femurs of domestic sheep. Ten New Zealand mixed breed sheep were used. A One-piece prototype Ti (control) and one Zr (test) implant were placed in the mandible, and one of each implant (Ti and Zr) was placed into the femoral epicondyle of each animal. The femur implants were submerged and unloaded; the mandibular implants were placed using a one-stage transgingival protocol and were nonsubmerged. After a healing period of 12 weeks, %BIC was measured. The overall survival rate for mandibular and femur implants combined was 87.5%. %BIC was higher for Zr implants versus Ti implants in the femur (85.5%, versus 78.9%) ( p = 0.002). Zirconia implants in the mandible showed comparable %BIC to titanium implants (72.2%, versus 60.3%) ( p = 0.087). High failure rate of both Zr and Ti one-piece implants in the jaw could be attributed to the one-piece design and surface characteristics of the implant that could have influenced osseointegration. Further clinical trials are recommended to evaluate the performance of zirconia implants under loading conditions.

Aging effects on the binaural interaction component of the auditory brainstem response in the Mongolian gerbil: Effects of interaural time and level differences.

PubMed

Laumen, Geneviève; Tollin, Daniel J; Beutelmann, Rainer; Klump, Georg M

2016-07-01

The effect of interaural time difference (ITD) and interaural level difference (ILD) on wave 4 of the binaural and summed monaural auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) as well as on the DN1 component of the binaural interaction component (BIC) of the ABR in young and old Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) was investigated. Measurements were made at a fixed sound pressure level (SPL) and a fixed level above visually detected ABR threshold to compensate for individual hearing threshold differences. In both stimulation modes (fixed SPL and fixed level above visually detected ABR threshold) an effect of ITD on the latency and the amplitude of wave 4 as well as of the BIC was observed. With increasing absolute ITD values BIC latencies were increased and amplitudes were decreased. ILD had a much smaller effect on these measures. Old animals showed a reduced amplitude of the DN1 component. This difference was due to a smaller wave 4 in the summed monaural ABRs of old animals compared to young animals whereas wave 4 in the binaural-evoked ABR showed no age-related difference. In old animals the small amplitude of the DN1 component was correlated with small binaural-evoked wave 1 and wave 3 amplitudes. This suggests that the reduced peripheral input affects central binaural processing which is reflected in the BIC. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect on Bone Architecture of Marginal Grooves in Dental Implants Under Occlusal Loaded Conditions in Beagle Dogs.

PubMed

Kato, Hatsumi; Kuroshima, Shinichiro; Inaba, Nao; Uto, Yusuke; Sawase, Takashi

2018-02-01

The aim of this study was to clarify whether marginal grooves on dental implants affect osseointegration, bone structure, and the alignment of collagen fibers to determine bone quality under loaded conditions. Anodized Ti-6Al-4V alloy dental implants, with and without marginal grooves (test and control implants, respectively), were used (3.7 × 8.0 mm). Fourth premolars and first molars of 6 beagle mandibles were extracted. Two control and test implants were placed in randomly selected healed sites at 12 weeks after tooth extraction. Screw-retained single crowns for first molars were fabricated. Euthanasia was performed at 8 weeks after the application of occlusal forces. Implant marginal bone level, bone to implant contact (BIC), bone structure around dental implants, and the alignment of collagen fibers determining bone quality were analyzed. The marginal bone level in test implants was significantly higher than that in control implants. Occlusal forces significantly increased BIC in test implants ( P = .007), whereas BIC did not change in control implants, irrespective of occlusal forces ( P = .303). Moreover, occlusal forces significantly increased BIC in test implants compared with control implants ( P = .032). Additionally, occlusal forces preferentially aligned collagen fibers in test implants, but not control implants. Hence, marginal grooves on dental implants have positive effects on increased osseointegration and adapted bone quality based on the preferential alignment of collagen fibers around dental implants under loaded conditions.

One-Piece Zirconia Ceramic versus Titanium Implants in the Jaw and Femur of a Sheep Model: A Pilot Study

PubMed Central

De Silva, R. K.; Zafar, S.

2016-01-01

Reports have documented titanium (Ti) hypersensitivity after dental implant treatment. Alternative materials have been suggested including zirconia (Zr) ceramics, which have shown predictable osseointegration in animal studies and appear free of immune responses. The aim of the research was to investigate the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) of one-piece Zr, compared with one-piece Ti implants, placed in the jaws and femurs of domestic sheep. Ten New Zealand mixed breed sheep were used. A One-piece prototype Ti (control) and one Zr (test) implant were placed in the mandible, and one of each implant (Ti and Zr) was placed into the femoral epicondyle of each animal. The femur implants were submerged and unloaded; the mandibular implants were placed using a one-stage transgingival protocol and were nonsubmerged. After a healing period of 12 weeks, %BIC was measured. The overall survival rate for mandibular and femur implants combined was 87.5%. %BIC was higher for Zr implants versus Ti implants in the femur (85.5%, versus 78.9%) (p = 0.002). Zirconia implants in the mandible showed comparable %BIC to titanium implants (72.2%, versus 60.3%) (p = 0.087). High failure rate of both Zr and Ti one-piece implants in the jaw could be attributed to the one-piece design and surface characteristics of the implant that could have influenced osseointegration. Further clinical trials are recommended to evaluate the performance of zirconia implants under loading conditions. PMID:28058261

Extension of Generalized Fluid System Simulation Program's Fluid Property Database

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Patel, Kishan

2011-01-01

This internship focused on the development of additional capabilities for the General Fluid Systems Simulation Program (GFSSP). GFSSP is a thermo-fluid code used to evaluate system performance by a finite volume-based network analysis method. The program was developed primarily to analyze the complex internal flow of propulsion systems and is capable of solving many problems related to thermodynamics and fluid mechanics. GFSSP is integrated with thermodynamic programs that provide fluid properties for sub-cooled, superheated, and saturation states. For fluids that are not included in the thermodynamic property program, look-up property tables can be provided. The look-up property tables of the current release version can only handle sub-cooled and superheated states. The primary purpose of the internship was to extend the look-up tables to handle saturated states. This involves a) generation of a property table using REFPROP, a thermodynamic property program that is widely used, and b) modifications of the Fortran source code to read in an additional property table containing saturation data for both saturated liquid and saturated vapor states. Also, a method was implemented to calculate the thermodynamic properties of user-fluids within the saturation region, given values of pressure and enthalpy. These additions required new code to be written, and older code had to be adjusted to accommodate the new capabilities. Ultimately, the changes will lead to the incorporation of this new capability in future versions of GFSSP. This paper describes the development and validation of the new capability.

Monte Carlo calculations of initial energies of electrons in water irradiated by photons with energies up to 1GeV.

PubMed

Todo, A S; Hiromoto, G; Turner, J E; Hamm, R N; Wright, H A

1982-12-01

Previous calculations of the initial energies of electrons produced in water irradiated by photons are extended to 1 GeV by including pair and triplet production. Calculations were performed with the Monte Carlo computer code PHOEL-3, which replaces the earlier code, PHOEL-2. Tables of initial electron energies are presented for single interactions of monoenergetic photons at a number of energies from 10 keV to 1 GeV. These tables can be used to compute kerma in water irradiated by photons with arbitrary energy spectra to 1 GeV. In addition, separate tables of Compton-and pair-electron spectra are given over this energy range. The code PHOEL-3 is available from the Radiation Shielding Information Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830.

Local statistics adaptive entropy coding method for the improvement of H.26L VLC coding

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yoo, Kook-yeol; Kim, Jong D.; Choi, Byung-Sun; Lee, Yung Lyul

2000-05-01

In this paper, we propose an adaptive entropy coding method to improve the VLC coding efficiency of H.26L TML-1 codec. First of all, we will show that the VLC coding presented in TML-1 does not satisfy the sibling property of entropy coding. Then, we will modify the coding method into the local statistics adaptive one to satisfy the property. The proposed method based on the local symbol statistics dynamically changes the mapping relationship between symbol and bit pattern in the VLC table according to sibling property. Note that the codewords in the VLC table of TML-1 codec is not changed. Since this changed mapping relationship also derived in the decoder side by using the decoded symbols, the proposed VLC coding method does not require any overhead information. The simulation results show that the proposed method gives about 30% and 37% reduction in average bit rate for MB type and CBP information, respectively.

Inhibition of Pancreatic Cancer Cell Proliferation by LRH-1 Inhibitors

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-01

coordinates and structure factors have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank, www.pdb.org [ PDB ID codes 4QJR (SF-1/PIP3) and 4QK4 (SF-1/PIP2)]. 1To whom...with Rfree/Rcryst values of 23/19% (Table S2). The structure was deposited with the PDB ID code 4QJR. SF 1/PIP3 (Fig. 1C) adopts the classic NR LBD...PIP2) was solved by molecular replacement, using PDB ID code 1YOW as the search model, and compared with the SF 1/PIP3 structure (Table S2). The

Vehicle antenna development for mobile satellite applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Woo, K.

1988-01-01

The paper summarizes results of a vehicle antenna program at JPL in support of a developing U.S. mobile satellite services (MSS) designed to provide telephone and data services for the continental United States. Two classes of circularly polarized vehicle antennas have been considered for the MSS: medium-gain, satellite-tracking antennas with 10-12-dBic gain; and low-gain, azimuthally omnidirectional antennas with 3-5-dBic gain. The design and performance of these antennas are described, and the two antennas are shown to have peculiar advantages and disadvantages.

Codes in the codons: construction of a codon/amino acid periodic table and a study of the nature of specific nucleic acid-protein interactions.

PubMed

Benyo, B; Biro, J C; Benyo, Z

2004-01-01

The theory of "codon-amino acid coevolution" was first proposed by Woese in 1967. It suggests that there is a stereochemical matching - that is, affinity - between amino acids and certain of the base triplet sequences that code for those amino acids. We have constructed a common periodic table of codons and amino acids, where the nucleic acid table showed perfect axial symmetry for codons and the corresponding amino acid table also displayed periodicity regarding the biochemical properties (charge and hydrophobicity) of the 20 amino acids and the position of the stop signals. The table indicates that the middle (2/sup nd/) amino acid in the codon has a prominent role in determining some of the structural features of the amino acids. The possibility that physical contact between codons and amino acids might exist was tested on restriction enzymes. Many recognition site-like sequences were found in the coding sequences of these enzymes and as many as 73 examples of codon-amino acid co-location were observed in the 7 known 3D structures (December 2003) of endonuclease-nucleic acid complexes. These results indicate that the smallest possible units of specific nucleic acid-protein interaction are indeed the stereochemically compatible codons and amino acids.

A Proof-Carrying File System

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-06-06

written in Standard ML, and comprises nearly 7,000 lines of code. OpenSSL is used for all cryptographic operations. Because the front end tools are used...be managed. Macrobenchmarks. To understand the performance of PCFS in practice, we also ran two simple macrobenchmarks. The first (called OpenSSL in...the table below), untars the OpenSSL source code, compiles it and deletes it. The other (called Fuse in the table below), performs similar operations

Adding EUNIS and VAULT rocket data to the VSO with Modern Perl frameworks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mansky, Edmund

2017-08-01

A new Perl code is described, that uses the modern Object-oriented Moose framework, to add EUNIS and VAULT rocket data to the Virtual Solar Observatory website. The code permits the easy fixing of FITS header fields in the case where some FITS fields that are required are missing from the original data files. The code makes novel use of the Moose extensions “before” and “after” to build in dependencies so that database creation of tables occurs before the loading of data, and that the validation of file-dependent tables occurs after the loading is completed. Also described is the computation and loading of the deferred FITS field CHECKSUM into the database following the loading and validation of the file-dependent tables. The loading of the EUNIS 2006 and 2007 flight data, and the VAULT 2.0 flight data is described in detail as illustrative examples.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: HR8752 evolving through the void (Nieuwenhuijzen+ 2012)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nieuwenhuijzen, H.; de Jager, C.; Kolka, I.; Israelian, G.; Lobel, A.; Zsoldos, E.; Maeder, A.; Meynet, G.

2012-06-01

The main paper on the hypergiant HR8752 evolving through the void combines observational data from various sources: new spectral data, new and already published (B-V), V data. it also describes a new three-dimensional chebychev interpolating code, and gives information on the temperature calibration for hypergiants, and adds some extra Tables on colour excess and historical context (cf. below). The electronic appendix contains a number of tables, too large for publishing in the paper. In the text and in the appendix, they are referred to as Table Axx, resp. Cxx. We note, however, that tables A1.1 to A1.6 in Section 2 of the main paper are here referred to as tables appena11 to appena16. The observational tables appena11 to appena16, appena2, appena3, appena4 all refer to Section 2 in the main paper, while tables appena5, appena6, appena7, appena8 are used in Section 3 of the main paper. The technical table appenc1 describes the three-dimensional chebychev interpolation method used in Section 2 of the main paper. The second technical table appenc2 describes the (hypergiant) temperature calibration and transformation codes between Mk, Teff, and (B-V) data, used in Section 3 of the main paper. Table appena9 discusses some measured colour excesses (Section 3.3 of the main paper). Table appena10 discusses the possibility of historical context (Section 5.11 of the main paper). (20 data files).

Effect of alternative peritoneal dialysis solutions on cell viability, apoptosis/necrosis and cytokine expression in human monocytes.

PubMed

Plum, J; Lordnejad, M R; Grabensee, B

1998-07-01

Cellular function, cell viability and the cytokine network of human monocytes are influenced by the specific composition of peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluids. In an in vitro study using isolated human blood monocytes, we investigated the effect of peritoneal dialysates containing amino acids (Amino) or glucose polymer (Glu-poly) instead of glucose (Glu) as the osmotic agent, and bicarbonate (Bic) or PBS instead of lactate (Lac) as a buffer. The following parameters were studied: mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity (using the MTT assay), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 release (ELISA) and cellular IL-6 mRNA expression after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation (using RT-PCR). FACS flow cytometry with annexin V and propidium iodide as markers and fluorescence microscopic methods were used to study the effects of the test fluids on cell necrosis and apoptosis. Glu/Lac pH 5.5 and Glu-poly/PBS pH 7.4 both significantly reduced mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity by more than 50% after 60 minutes of incubation (30.5 +/- 7.6%, 42.5 +/- 6.5%, referred to RPMI 1640 as 100%). Amino/Bic and Glu/Bic were both superior (Mtt assay > 63%). The rate of necrotic cells after 15 minutes of incubation measured by FACS was mostly increased with Glu/Lac pH 5.5 (29.9 +/- 4.0%). The rate of apoptotic cells, however, was not significantly different between the test solutions. The concentration of IL-6 in the supernatant of stimulated monocytes was highest with Glu/Bic (1023 +/- 278 pg/ml) and Amino/Bic (776 +/- 296 pg/ml) an lowest with Glu/lac pH 5.5 (46 +/- 22 pg/ml) and Glu-poly/PBS (32 +/- 13 pg/ml). IL-8 release from stimulated monocytes showed a similar pattern. Glu-poly/PBS showed a suppressive effect on IL-6 mRNA expression (ratio IL-6/beta-Actin, 0.4 +/- 0.25 vs. RPMI 1.5 +/- 3.6). Bicarbonate buffered solutions both with glucose or amino acids as osmotic agents were superior when regarding cell metabolism, viability and cytokine release, while lactate buffered solutions and Glu-poly/PBS showed some reduced biocompatibility pattern for monocytes in vitro.

The best interest of the child-questionnaire, reliability and validity: preliminary data on the question 'where to live after detention or secure treatment?'.

PubMed

Kalverboer, Margrite; Ten Brummelaar, Mijntje; Post, Wendy; Zijlstra, Elianne; Harder, Annemiek; Knorth, Erik

2012-02-01

The Best Interest of the Child-Questionnaire (BIC-Q) has been designed as an instrument for screening the quality of the rearing situation of children with behavioural problems or delinquency. It is intended to aid legal decisions in juvenile and family law. The aim of the study was to establish the reliability and validation of the BIC-Q. Records of 83 children in detention or secure treatment centres and 58 children with no delinquent behaviours were rated by trained researchers. Interrater reliability was tested with a sub-sample of 31 of the former. Content validity was evaluated across the whole group, using Cronbach's alpha to check internal consistency, Spearman's rho to examine correlations and explorative principal component analysis (PCA) to test the extent to which variance in the 14 underlying conditions could be accounted for by a single factor 'quality of rearing'. Interrater reliability was good (r = 0.89). The PCA lent support to the content validity of the questionnaire with four factors, which together explained 66% of the variance in child rearing: (1) attachment and bonding; (2) rules and provisions; (3) health care and physical care in the family context; and (4) care and models provided for in the societal environment. The BIC-Q is a reliable and valid measure of the overall quality of child rearing. Preliminary results indicate that the BIC-Q may be applied to support court decisions on where the child should live after detention or secure treatment. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Using Evoked Potentials to Match Interaural Electrode Pairs with Bilateral Cochlear Implants

PubMed Central

Delgutte, Bertrand

2007-01-01

Bilateral cochlear implantation seeks to restore the advantages of binaural hearing to the profoundly deaf by providing binaural cues normally important for accurate sound localization and speech reception in noise. Psychophysical observations suggest that a key issue for the implementation of a successful binaural prosthesis is the ability to match the cochlear positions of stimulation channels in each ear. We used a cat model of bilateral cochlear implants with eight-electrode arrays implanted in each cochlea to develop and test a noninvasive method based on evoked potentials for matching interaural electrodes. The arrays allowed the cochlear location of stimulation to be independently varied in each ear. The binaural interaction component (BIC) of the electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR) was used as an assay of binaural processing. BIC amplitude peaked for interaural electrode pairs at the same relative cochlear position and dropped with increasing cochlear separation in either direction. To test the hypothesis that BIC amplitude peaks when electrodes from the two sides activate maximally overlapping neural populations, we measured multiunit neural activity along the tonotopic gradient of the inferior colliculus (IC) with 16-channel recording probes and determined the spatial pattern of IC activation for each stimulating electrode. We found that the interaural electrode pairings that produced the best aligned IC activation patterns were also those that yielded maximum BIC amplitude. These results suggest that EABR measurements may provide a method for assigning frequency–channel mappings in bilateral implant recipients, such as pediatric patients, for which psychophysical measures of pitch ranking or binaural fusion are unavailable. PMID:17225976

Using evoked potentials to match interaural electrode pairs with bilateral cochlear implants.

PubMed

Smith, Zachary M; Delgutte, Bertrand

2007-03-01

Bilateral cochlear implantation seeks to restore the advantages of binaural hearing to the profoundly deaf by providing binaural cues normally important for accurate sound localization and speech reception in noise. Psychophysical observations suggest that a key issue for the implementation of a successful binaural prosthesis is the ability to match the cochlear positions of stimulation channels in each ear. We used a cat model of bilateral cochlear implants with eight-electrode arrays implanted in each cochlea to develop and test a noninvasive method based on evoked potentials for matching interaural electrodes. The arrays allowed the cochlear location of stimulation to be independently varied in each ear. The binaural interaction component (BIC) of the electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR) was used as an assay of binaural processing. BIC amplitude peaked for interaural electrode pairs at the same relative cochlear position and dropped with increasing cochlear separation in either direction. To test the hypothesis that BIC amplitude peaks when electrodes from the two sides activate maximally overlapping neural populations, we measured multiunit neural activity along the tonotopic gradient of the inferior colliculus (IC) with 16-channel recording probes and determined the spatial pattern of IC activation for each stimulating electrode. We found that the interaural electrode pairings that produced the best aligned IC activation patterns were also those that yielded maximum BIC amplitude. These results suggest that EABR measurements may provide a method for assigning frequency-channel mappings in bilateral implant recipients, such as pediatric patients, for which psychophysical measures of pitch ranking or binaural fusion are unavailable.

Thymus-Derived Regulatory T Cell Development Is Regulated by C-Type Lectin-Mediated BIC/MicroRNA 155 Expression

PubMed Central

Sánchez-Díaz, Raquel; Blanco-Dominguez, Rafael; Lasarte, Sandra; Tsilingiri, Katerina; Martín-Gayo, Enrique; Linillos-Pradillo, Beatriz; de la Fuente, Hortensia; Sánchez-Madrid, Francisco; Nakagawa, Rinako; Toribio, María L.

2017-01-01

ABSTRACT Thymus-derived regulatory T (tTreg) cells are key to preventing autoimmune diseases, but the mechanisms involved in their development remain unsolved. Here, we show that the C-type lectin receptor CD69 controls tTreg cell development and peripheral Treg cell homeostasis through the regulation of BIC/microRNA 155 (miR-155) and its target, suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS-1). Using Foxp3-mRFP/cd69+/− or Foxp3-mRFP/cd69−/− reporter mice and short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated silencing and miR-155 transfection approaches, we found that CD69 deficiency impaired the signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) pathway in Foxp3+ cells. This results in BIC/miR-155 inhibition, increased SOCS-1 expression, and severely impaired tTreg cell development in embryos, adults, and Rag2−/− γc−/− hematopoietic chimeras reconstituted with cd69−/− stem cells. Accordingly, mirn155−/− mice have an impaired development of CD69+ tTreg cells and overexpression of the miR-155-induced CD69 pathway, suggesting that both molecules might be concomitantly activated in a positive-feedback loop. Moreover, in vitro-inducible CD25+ Treg (iTreg) cell development is inhibited in Il2rγ−/−/cd69−/− mice. Our data highlight the contribution of CD69 as a nonredundant key regulator of BIC/miR-155-dependent Treg cell development and homeostasis. PMID:28167605

High-frequency stimulation of the medial prefrontal cortex decreases cellular firing in the dorsal raphe

PubMed Central

Srejic, Luka R.; Hamani, Clement; Hutchison, William D.

2017-01-01

High-frequency deep brain stimulation (HFS-DBS) of the subcallosal cingulate (SCC) region has been investigated as a treatment for refractory forms of depression with a ~50% remission rate in open label studies. However, the therapeutic mechanisms of DBS are still largely unknown. Using anaesthetized Sprague Dawley rats, we recorded neuronal spiking activity in 102 neurons of the dorsal raphe (DR) before, during and after the induction of a 5-min HFS train in the infralimbic region (IL) of the medial pre-frontal cortex (mPFC), the rodent homologue of the human SCC. The majority of DR cells (82%) significantly decreased firing rate during HFS (P < 0.01, 55.7 ± 4.5% of baseline, 35 rats). To assess whether mPFC-HFS mediates inhibition of DR cellular firing by stimulating local GABAergic interneurons, the GABAA antagonist bicuculline (Bic, 100 μM) was injected directly into the DR during HFS. Neurons inhibited by HFS recovered their firing rate during Bic+HFS (P < 0.01, n = 15, seven rats) to levels not different from baseline. Cells that were not affected by HFS did not change firing rate during Bic+HFS (P = 0.968, n = 7, three rats). These results indicate that blocking GABAA reverses HFS-mediated inhibition of DR neurons. As the cells that were not inhibited by HFS were also unaffected by HFS+Bic, they are probably not innervated by local GABA. Taken together, our results suggest that mPFC-HFS may exert a preferential effect on DR neurons with GABAA receptors. PMID:25712703

Distribution pattern of public transport passenger in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Narendra, Alfa; Malkhamah, Siti; Sopha, Bertha Maya

2018-03-01

The arrival and departure distribution pattern of Trans Jogja bus passenger is one of the fundamental model for simulation. The purpose of this paper is to build models of passengers flows. This research used passengers data from January to May 2014. There is no policy that change the operation system affecting the nature of this pattern nowadays. The roads, buses, land uses, schedule, and people are relatively still the same. The data then categorized based on the direction, days, and location. Moreover, each category was fitted into some well-known discrete distributions. Those distributions are compared based on its AIC value and BIC. The chosen distribution model has the smallest AIC and BIC value and the negative binomial distribution found has the smallest AIC and BIC value. Probability mass function (PMF) plots of those models were compared to draw generic model from each categorical negative binomial distribution models. The value of accepted generic negative binomial distribution is 0.7064 and 1.4504 of mu. The minimum and maximum passenger vector value of distribution are is 0 and 41.

Model selection with multiple regression on distance matrices leads to incorrect inferences.

PubMed

Franckowiak, Ryan P; Panasci, Michael; Jarvis, Karl J; Acuña-Rodriguez, Ian S; Landguth, Erin L; Fortin, Marie-Josée; Wagner, Helene H

2017-01-01

In landscape genetics, model selection procedures based on Information Theoretic and Bayesian principles have been used with multiple regression on distance matrices (MRM) to test the relationship between multiple vectors of pairwise genetic, geographic, and environmental distance. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we examined the ability of model selection criteria based on Akaike's information criterion (AIC), its small-sample correction (AICc), and the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) to reliably rank candidate models when applied with MRM while varying the sample size. The results showed a serious problem: all three criteria exhibit a systematic bias toward selecting unnecessarily complex models containing spurious random variables and erroneously suggest a high level of support for the incorrectly ranked best model. These problems effectively increased with increasing sample size. The failure of AIC, AICc, and BIC was likely driven by the inflated sample size and different sum-of-squares partitioned by MRM, and the resulting effect on delta values. Based on these findings, we strongly discourage the continued application of AIC, AICc, and BIC for model selection with MRM.

Comparison of Penalty Functions for Sparse Canonical Correlation Analysis

PubMed Central

Chalise, Prabhakar; Fridley, Brooke L.

2011-01-01

Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is a widely used multivariate method for assessing the association between two sets of variables. However, when the number of variables far exceeds the number of subjects, such in the case of large-scale genomic studies, the traditional CCA method is not appropriate. In addition, when the variables are highly correlated the sample covariance matrices become unstable or undefined. To overcome these two issues, sparse canonical correlation analysis (SCCA) for multiple data sets has been proposed using a Lasso type of penalty. However, these methods do not have direct control over sparsity of solution. An additional step that uses Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) has also been suggested to further filter out unimportant features. In this paper, a comparison of four penalty functions (Lasso, Elastic-net, SCAD and Hard-threshold) for SCCA with and without the BIC filtering step have been carried out using both real and simulated genotypic and mRNA expression data. This study indicates that the SCAD penalty with BIC filter would be a preferable penalty function for application of SCCA to genomic data. PMID:21984855

Comparison of surface modified zirconia implants with commercially available zirconium and titanium implants: a histological study in pigs.

PubMed

Gredes, Tomasz; Kubasiewicz-Ross, Pawel; Gedrange, Tomasz; Dominiak, Marzena; Kunert-Keil, Christiane

2014-08-01

New biomaterials and their various surface modifications should undergo in vitro and in vivo evaluation before clinical trials. The objective of our in vivo study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of newly created zirconium implant surfaces after implantation in the lower jaw of pigs and compare the osseointegration of these dental implants with commercially available zirconium and titanium implants. After a healing period of 12 weeks, a histological analysis of the soft and hard tissues and a histomorphometric analysis of the bone-implant contact (BIC) were performed. The implant surfaces showed an intimate connection to the adjacent bone for all tested implants. The 3 newly created zirconium implant surfaces achieved a BIC of 45% on average in comparison with a BIC of 56% from the reference zirconium implants and 35% from titanium implants. Furthermore, the new zirconium implants had a better attachment to gingival and bone tissues in the range of implant necks as compared with the reference implants. The results suggest that the new implants comparably osseointegrate within the healing period, and they have a good in vivo biocompatibility.

Effect of phosphate treatment of Acid-etched implants on mineral apposition rates near implants in a dog model.

PubMed

Foley, Christine Hyon; Kerns, David G; Hallmon, William W; Rivera-Hidalgo, Francisco; Nelson, Carl J; Spears, Robert; Dechow, Paul C; Opperman, Lynne A

2010-01-01

This study evaluated the effects of phosphate coating of acid-etched titanium on the mineral apposition rate (MAR) and new bone-to-implant contact (BIC) in a canine model. Titanium implants (2.2 3 4 mm) with acid-etched surfaces that were electrolytically phosphated or not were placed in 48 mandibular sites in six foxhounds. Tetracycline and calcein dyes were administered 1 week after implant placement and 1 week before sacrifice. At 12 weeks after implant placement, the animals were sacrificed. MAR and BIC were evaluated using fluorescence microscopy. Light microscopic and histologic evaluations were performed on undecalcified sections. Microscopic evaluation showed the presence of healthy osteoblasts lining bone surfaces near implants. Similar BIC was observed in phosphated and nonphosphated titanium implant sites. MAR was significantly higher around the nonphosphated titanium implant surfaces than around the phosphated titanium samples. No significant differences were found between dogs or implant sites. Acid-etched implants showed significantly higher MARs compared to acid-etched, phosphate-coated implants. Int J Maxillofac Implants 2010;25:278-286.

Auditory evoked responses to binaural beat illusion: stimulus generation and the derivation of the Binaural Interaction Component (BIC).

PubMed

Ozdamar, Ozcan; Bohorquez, Jorge; Mihajloski, Todor; Yavuz, Erdem; Lachowska, Magdalena

2011-01-01

Electrophysiological indices of auditory binaural beats illusions are studied using late latency evoked responses. Binaural beats are generated by continuous monaural FM tones with slightly different ascending and descending frequencies lasting about 25 ms presented at 1 sec intervals. Frequency changes are carefully adjusted to avoid any creation of abrupt waveform changes. Binaural Interaction Component (BIC) analysis is used to separate the neural responses due to binaural involvement. The results show that the transient auditory evoked responses can be obtained from the auditory illusion of binaural beats.

46 CFR 11.950 - Examination subjects for engineer officer endorsements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Examination subjects for engineer officer endorsements... subjects for engineer officer endorsements. Table 1 to § 11.950 gives the codes used in Table 2 to § 11.950 for engineer officer endorsements. Table 2 to § 11.950 indicates the examination subjects for each...

76 FR 32085 - Medicare Program; Inpatient Psychiatric Facilities Prospective Payment System-Update for Rate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-03

... description of comorbidity for chronic renal failure. In addition, we inadvertently omitted from Table 11 the comorbidity code ``V4511'' for chronic renal failure. These changes are not substantive changes to the... heading ``Diagnoses codes,'' for the renal failure, chronic diagnoses codes, replace code ``V451'' with...

The fourfold way of the genetic code.

PubMed

Jiménez-Montaño, Miguel Angel

2009-11-01

We describe a compact representation of the genetic code that factorizes the table in quartets. It represents a "least grammar" for the genetic language. It is justified by the Klein-4 group structure of RNA bases and codon doublets. The matrix of the outer product between the column-vector of bases and the corresponding row-vector V(T)=(C G U A), considered as signal vectors, has a block structure consisting of the four cosets of the KxK group of base transformations acting on doublet AA. This matrix, translated into weak/strong (W/S) and purine/pyrimidine (R/Y) nucleotide classes, leads to a code table with mixed and unmixed families in separate regions. A basic difference between them is the non-commuting (R/Y) doublets: AC/CA, GU/UG. We describe the degeneracy in the canonical code and the systematic changes in deviant codes in terms of the divisors of 24, employing modulo multiplication groups. We illustrate binary sub-codes characterizing mutations in the quartets. We introduce a decision-tree to predict the mode of tRNA recognition corresponding to each codon, and compare our result with related findings by Jestin and Soulé [Jestin, J.-L., Soulé, C., 2007. Symmetries by base substitutions in the genetic code predict 2' or 3' aminoacylation of tRNAs. J. Theor. Biol. 247, 391-394], and the rearrangements of the table by Delarue [Delarue, M., 2007. An asymmetric underlying rule in the assignment of codons: possible clue to a quick early evolution of the genetic code via successive binary choices. RNA 13, 161-169] and Rodin and Rodin [Rodin, S.N., Rodin, A.S., 2008. On the origin of the genetic code: signatures of its primordial complementarity in tRNAs and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Heredity 100, 341-355], respectively.

A New Generation of Los Alamos Opacity Tables

DOE PAGES

Colgan, James Patrick; Kilcrease, David Parker; Magee, Jr., Norman H.; ...

2016-01-26

We present a new, publicly available, set of Los Alamos OPLIB opacity tables for the elements hydrogen through zinc. Our tables are computed using the Los Alamos ATOMIC opacity and plasma modeling code, and make use of atomic structure calculations that use fine-structure detail for all the elements considered. Our equation-of-state (EOS) model, known as ChemEOS, is based on the minimization of free energy in a chemical picture and appears to be a reasonable and robust approach to determining atomic state populations over a wide range of temperatures and densities. In this paper we discuss in detail the calculations thatmore » we have performed for the 30 elements considered, and present some comparisons of our monochromatic opacities with measurements and other opacity codes. We also use our new opacity tables in solar modeling calculations and compare and contrast such modeling with previous work.« less

IMS/Satellite Situation Center report. Predicted orbit plots for Hawkeye 1, 1976

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1975-01-01

The predicted orbit plots are shown in three projections. The time period covered by each set of projections is 2 days 1 hour, corresponding approximately to the period of Hawkeye 1. The three coordinate systems used are the Geocentric Solar Ecliptic system (GSE), the Geocentric Solar Magnetospheric system (GSM), and the Solar Magnetic system (SM). For each of the three projections, time ticks and codes are given on the satellite trajectories. The codes are interpreted in the table at the base of each plot. Time is given in the table as year/day/decimal hour. The total time covered by each plot is shown at the bottom of each table, and an additional variable is given in the table for each time tick. For the GSM and SM projection this variable is the geocentric distance to the satellite in earth radii, and for the GSE projection the variable is satellite ecliptic latitude in degrees.

Subscale Fast Cookoff Testing and Modeling for the Hazard Assessment of Large Rocket Motors

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-03-01

41 LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Heats of Vaporization Parameter for Two-liner Phase Transformation - Complete Liner Sublimation and/or Combined Liner...One-dimensional 2-D Two-dimensional ALE3D Arbitrary-Lagrange-Eulerian (3-D) Computer Code ALEGRA 3-D Arbitrary-Lagrange-Eulerian Computer Code for...case-liner bond areas and in the grain inner bore to explore the pre-ignition and ignition phases , as well as burning evolution in rocket motor fast

A preliminary Monte Carlo study for the treatment head of a carbon-ion radiotherapy facility using TOPAS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Hongdong; Zhang, Lian; Chen, Zhi; Liu, Xinguo; Dai, Zhongying; Li, Qiang; Xu, Xie George

2017-09-01

In medical physics it is desirable to have a Monte Carlo code that is less complex, reliable yet flexible for dose verification, optimization, and component design. TOPAS is a newly developed Monte Carlo simulation tool which combines extensive radiation physics libraries available in Geant4 code, easyto-use geometry and support for visualization. Although TOPAS has been widely tested and verified in simulations of proton therapy, there has been no reported application for carbon ion therapy. To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of TOPAS simulations for carbon ion therapy, a licensed TOPAS code (version 3_0_p1) was used to carry out a dosimetric study of therapeutic carbon ions. Results of depth dose profile based on different physics models have been obtained and compared with the measurements. It is found that the G4QMD model is at least as accurate as the TOPAS default BIC physics model for carbon ions, but when the energy is increased to relatively high levels such as 400 MeV/u, the G4QMD model shows preferable performance. Also, simulations of special components used in the treatment head at the Institute of Modern Physics facility was conducted to investigate the Spread-Out dose distribution in water. The physical dose in water of SOBP was found to be consistent with the aim of the 6 cm ridge filter.

A Working Model for the System Alumina-Magnesia.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-01

Several regions in the resulting diagram appear rather uncertain: the liquidus ’National bureau of StandaTds. JANAF Thermochemical Tables, by D. R. Stull ...Code 131) 1 Naval Ordnance Station, Indian Head (Technical Library) 29 Naval Postgraduate School. Monterey Code 012, Dean of Research (1) Code 06... Dean of Science and Engineering (1) Code 1424. Library - Technical Reports (2) Code 33. Weapons Engineering Program Office (1) Code 61. Chairman

Evaluation of Four Diagnostic Tests for Insulin Dysregulation in Adult Light-Breed Horses.

PubMed

Dunbar, L K; Mielnicki, K A; Dembek, K A; Toribio, R E; Burns, T A

2016-05-01

Several tests have been evaluated in horses for quantifying insulin dysregulation to support a diagnosis of equine metabolic syndrome. Comparing the performance of these tests in the same horses will provide clarification of their accuracy in the diagnosis of equine insulin dysregulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agreement between basal serum insulin concentrations (BIC), the oral sugar test (OST), the combined glucose-insulin test (CGIT), and the frequently sampled insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGTT). Twelve healthy, light-breed horses. Randomized, prospective study. Each of the above tests was performed on 12 horses. Minimal model analysis of the FSIGTT was considered the reference standard and classified 7 horses as insulin resistant (IR) and 5 as insulin sensitive (IS). In contrast, BIC and OST assessment using conventional cut-off values classified all horses as IS. Kappa coefficients, measuring agreement among BIC, OST, CGIT, and FSIGTT were poor to fair. Sensitivity of the CGIT (positive phase duration of the glucose curve >45 minutes) was 85.7% and specificity was 40%, whereas CGIT ([insulin]45 >100 μIU/mL) sensitivity and specificity were 28.5% and 100%, respectively. Area under the glucose curve (AUCg0-120 ) was significantly correlated among the OST, CGIT, and FSIGTT, but Bland-Altman method and Lin's concordance coefficient showed a lack of agreement. Current criteria for diagnosis of insulin resistance using BIC and the OST are highly specific but lack sensitivity. The CGIT displayed better sensitivity and specificity, but modifications may be necessary to improve agreement with minimal model analysis. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.

Influence of two barrier membranes on staged guided bone regeneration and osseointegration of titanium implants in dogs: part 1. Augmentation using bone graft substitutes and autogenous bone.

PubMed

Schwarz, Frank; Mihatovic, Ilja; Golubovic, Vladimir; Hegewald, Andrea; Becker, Jürgen

2012-01-01

To assess the influence of two barrier membranes and two bone graft substitutes mixed with autogenous bone (AB) on staged guided bone regeneration and osseointegration of titanium implants in dogs. Four saddle-type defects each were prepared in the upper jaw of six fox hounds and randomly filled with a natural bone mineral (NBM)+AB and a biphasic calcium phosphate (SBC)+AB and allocated to either an in situ gelling polyethylene glycol (PEG) or a collagen membrane (CM). At 8 weeks, modSLA titanium implants were inserted and left to heal in a submerged position. At 8+2 weeks, dissected blocks were processed for histomorphometrical analysis (e.g., treated area [TA], bone-to-implant contact [BIC]). The mean TA values (mm(2) ) and BIC values (%) tended to be higher in the PEG groups(TA: NBM+AB [10.4 ± 2.5]; SBC+AB [10.4 ± 5.8]/BIC: NBM+AB [86.4 ± 20.1]; SBC+AB [80.1 ± 21.5]) when compared with the corresponding CM groups (TA: NBM+AB [9.7 ± 4.8]; SBC+AB [7.8 ± 4.3]/BIC: NBM+AB [71.3 ± 20.8]; SBC+AB [72.4 ± 20.3]). A significant difference was observed for the mean TA values in the SBC+AB groups. It was concluded that all augmentation procedures investigated supported bone regeneration and staged osseointegration of modSLA titanium implants. However, the application of PEG may be associated with increased TA values. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

Stigmatellin Y - An anti-biofilm compound from Bacillus subtilis BR4 possibly interferes in PQS-PqsR mediated quorum sensing system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

PubMed

Boopathi, Seenivasan; Vashisth, Rajesh; Manoharan, Prabu; Kandasamy, Ruckmani; Sivakumar, Natesan

2017-05-15

Hitherto this is the first report pertaining to production of biofilm inhibitory compound(s) (BIC) from Bacillus subtilis BR4 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) coupled with production optimization. In order to achieve this, combinations of media components were formulated by employing statistical tools such as Plackett-Burman analysis and central composite rotatable design (CCRD). It was evident that at 35mlL -1 glycerol and 3.8gL -1 casamino acid, anti-biofilm activity and production of extracellular protein significantly increased by 1.5-fold and 1.2-fold, respectively. These results corroborate that the combination of glycerol and casamino acid plays a key role in the production of BIC. Further, metabolic profiling of BIC was carried out using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based on m/z value. The presence of Stigmatellin Y was predicted with monoisotopic neutral mass of 484.2825Da. In support of optimization study, higher production of BIC was confirmed in the optimized-media-grown BR4 (OPT-BR4) than in the ideal-media-grown BR4 (ID-BR4) by LC-MS/MS analysis. PqsR in P. aeruginosa is a potential target for anti-virulent therapy. Molecular docking study has revealed that Stigmatellin Y interacts with PqsR in the similar orientation like a cognate signal (PQS) and synthetic inhibitor. In addition, Stigmatellin Y was found to exhibit interaction with four more amino acid residues of PqsR to establish strong affinity. Stigmatellin Y thus might play a role of competitor for PQS to distract PQS-PqsR mediated communication in P. aeruginosa. The present investigation thus paves new avenues to develop anti-Pseudomonas virulent therapy. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Redirecting the Cyanobacterial Bicarbonate Transporters BicA and SbtA to the Chloroplast Envelope: Soluble and Membrane Cargos Need Different Chloroplast Targeting Signals in Plants

PubMed Central

Rolland, Vivien; Badger, Murray R.; Price, G. Dean

2016-01-01

Most major crops used for human consumption are C3 plants, which yields are limited by photosynthetic inefficiency. To circumvent this, it has been proposed to implement the cyanobacterial CO2-concentrating mechanism (CCM), principally consisting of bicarbonate transporters and carboxysomes, into plant chloroplasts. As it is currently not possible to recover homoplasmic transplastomic monocots, foreign genes must be introduced in these plants via nuclear transformation. Consequently, it is paramount to ensure that resulting proteins reach the appropriate sub-cellular compartment, which for cyanobacterial transporters BicA and SbtA, is the chloroplast inner-envelope membrane (IEM). At present, targeting signals to redirect large transmembrane proteins from non-chloroplastic organisms to plant chloroplast envelopes are unknown. The goal of this study was to identify such signals, using agrobacteria-mediated transient expression and confocal microscopy to determine the sub-cellular localization of ∼37 GFP-tagged chimeras. Initially, fragments of chloroplast proteins known to target soluble cargos to the stroma were tested for their ability to redirect BicA, but they proved ineffective. Next, different N-terminal regions from Arabidopsis IEM transporters were tested. We demonstrated that the N-terminus of AtHP59, AtPLGG1 or AtNTT1 (92–115 amino acids), containing a cleavable chloroplast transit peptide (cTP) and a membrane protein leader (MPL), was sufficient to redirect BicA or SbtA to the chloroplast envelope. This constitutes the first evidence that nuclear-encoded transmembrane proteins from non-chloroplastic organisms can be targeted to the envelope of plant chloroplasts; a finding which represents an important advance in chloroplast engineering by opening up the door to further manipulation of the chloroplastic envelope. PMID:26973659

Perturbations in reward-related decision-making induced by reduced prefrontal cortical GABA transmission: Relevance for psychiatric disorders.

PubMed

Piantadosi, Patrick T; Khayambashi, Shahin; Schluter, Magdalen G; Kutarna, Agnes; Floresco, Stan B

2016-02-01

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is critical for higher-order cognitive functions, including decision-making. In psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia, prefrontal dysfunction co-occurs with pronounced alterations in decision-making ability. These alterations include a diminished ability to utilize probabilistic reinforcement in guiding future choice, and a reduced willingness to expend effort to receive reward. Among the neurochemical abnormalities observed in the PFC of individuals with schizophrenia are alterations in the production and function of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). To probe how PFC GABA hypofunction may contribute to alterations in cost/benefit decision-making, we assessed the effects GABAA-receptor antagonist bicuculline (BIC; 50 ng in 0.5 μl saline/hemisphere) infusion in the medial PFC of rats during performance on a series of well-validated cost/benefit decision-making tasks. Intra-PFC BIC reduced risky choice and reward sensitivity during probabilistic discounting and decreased the preference for larger rewards associated with a greater effort cost, similar to the behavioral sequelae observed in schizophrenia. Additional experiments revealed that these treatments did not alter instrumental responding on a progressive ratio schedule, nor did they impair the ability to discriminate between reward and no reward. However, BIC induced a subtle but consistent impairment in preference for larger vs. smaller rewards of equal cost. BIC infusion also increased decision latencies and impaired the ability to "stay on task" as indexed by reduced rates of instrumental responding. Collectively, these results implicate prefrontal GABAergic dysfunction as a key contributing factor to abnormal decision-making observed in schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric conditions with similar neurobiological and behavioral alterations. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

GABAergic influences on ORX receptor-dependent abnormal motor behaviors and neurodegenerative events in fish

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Facciolo, Rosa Maria, E-mail: rm.facciolo@unical.i; Crudo, Michele; Giusi, Giuseppina

2010-02-15

At date the major neuroreceptors i.e. gamma-aminobutyric acid{sub A} (GABA{sub A}R) and orexin (ORXR) systems are beginning to be linked to homeostasis, neuroendocrine and emotional states. In this study, intraperitoneal treatment of the marine teleost Thalassoma pavo with the highly selective GABA{sub A}R agonist (muscimol, MUS; 0,1 mug/g body weight) and/or its antagonist bicuculline (BIC; 1 mug/g body weight) have corroborated a GABA{sub A}ergic role on motor behaviors. In particular, MUS induced moderate (p < 0.05) and great (p < 0.01) increases of swimming towards food sources and resting states after 24 (1 dose) and 96 (4 doses) h treatmentmore » sessions, respectively, when compared to controls. Conversely, BIC caused a very strong (p < 0.001) reduction of the former behavior and in some cases convulsive swimming. From the correlation of BIC-dependent behavioral changes to neuronal morphological and ORXR transcriptional variations, it appeared that the disinhibitory action of GABA{sub A}R was very likely responsible for very strong and strong ORXR mRNA reductions in cerebellum valvula and torus longitudinalis, respectively. Moreover these effects were linked to evident ultra-structural changes such as shrunken cell membranes and loss of cytoplasmic architecture. In contrast, MUS supplied a very low, if any, argyrophilic reaction in hypothalamic and mesencephalic regions plus a scarce level of ultra-structural damages. Interestingly, combined administrations of MUS + BIC were not related to consistent damages, aside mild neuronal alterations in motor-related areas such as optic tectum. Overall it is tempting to suggest, for the first time, a neuroprotective role of GABA{sub A}R inhibitory actions against the overexcitatory ORXR-dependent neurodegeneration and consequently abnormal swimming events in fish.« less

An oxidized implant surface may improve bone-to-implant contact in pristine bone and bone defects treated with guided bone regeneration: an experimental study in dogs.

PubMed

Gurgel, Bruno César de Vasconcelos; Gonçalves, Patrícia Furtado; Pimentel, Suzana Peres; Nociti, Francisco Humberto; Sallum, Enilson Antonio; Sallum, Antonio Wilson; Casati, Marcio Zaffalon

2008-07-01

The aim of the present study was to histometrically evaluate bone healing in the absence of bone defects and in the presence of surgically created bone defects treated by guided bone regeneration at oxidized and turned implant surfaces. Three months after dental extractions, standardized buccal dehiscence defects (height: 5 mm; width: 4 mm) were surgically created following implant site preparation in the mandible of 10 dogs. Oxidized-surface implants (OSI) and turned-surface implants (TSI) were inserted bilaterally, and the bone defects were treated by guided bone regeneration. After 3 months of healing, the animals were sacrificed, blocks were dissected, and undecalcified sections were obtained and processed for histometric analysis. The percentage of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone density (BD) was evaluated inside the threads on the buccal (regenerated bone) and lingual sides (pristine bone) of the implants. Data were evaluated using two-way analysis of variance (P <0.05). New bone formation could be observed in OSI and TSI in the region of the defect creation. The BIC values observed in OSI for pristine and regenerated bone were 57.03% +/- 21.86% and 40.86% +/- 22.73%, respectively. TSI showed lower values of BIC in pristine bone (37.39% +/- 23.33%) and regenerated bone (3.52% +/- 4.87%). The differences between OSI and TSI were statistically significant. BD evaluation showed no statistically significant differences between OSI and TSI in pristine and regenerated bone. The oxidized implant surface promoted a higher level of BIC than the turned implant surface at pristine and regenerated bone.

40 CFR Table 1 to Subpart E of... - Product-Weighted Reactivity Limits by Coating Category

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Product-Weighted Reactivity Limits by... Pt. 59, Subpt. E, Table 1 Table 1 to Subpart E of Part 59—Product-Weighted Reactivity Limits by Coating Category Coating category Category code a Reactivity limit(g O3/g product) Clear Coatings CCP 1.50...

40 CFR Table 1 to Subpart E of... - Product-Weighted Reactivity Limits by Coating Category

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Product-Weighted Reactivity Limits by... Pt. 59, Subpt. E, Table 1 Table 1 to Subpart E of Part 59—Product-Weighted Reactivity Limits by Coating Category Coating category Category code a Reactivity limit(g O3/g product) Clear Coatings CCP 1.50...

XPI: The Xanadu Parameter Interface

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

White, N.; Barrett, P.; Oneel, B.; Jacobs, P.

1992-01-01

XPI is a table driven parameter interface which greatly simplifies both command driven programs such as BROWSE and XIMAGE as well as stand alone single-task programs. It moves all of the syntax and semantic parsing of commands and parameters out of the users code into common code and externally defined tables. This allows the programmer to concentrate on writing the code unique to the application rather than reinventing the user interface and for external graphical interfaces to interface with no changes to the command driven program. XPI also includes a compatibility library which allows programs written using the IRAF host interface (Mandel and Roll) to use XPI in place of the IRAF host interface.

Latent Class Analysis of Incomplete Data via an Entropy-Based Criterion

PubMed Central

Larose, Chantal; Harel, Ofer; Kordas, Katarzyna; Dey, Dipak K.

2016-01-01

Latent class analysis is used to group categorical data into classes via a probability model. Model selection criteria then judge how well the model fits the data. When addressing incomplete data, the current methodology restricts the imputation to a single, pre-specified number of classes. We seek to develop an entropy-based model selection criterion that does not restrict the imputation to one number of clusters. Simulations show the new criterion performing well against the current standards of AIC and BIC, while a family studies application demonstrates how the criterion provides more detailed and useful results than AIC and BIC. PMID:27695391

Increased GABA(A) inhibition of the RVLM after hindlimb unloading in rats

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Moffitt, Julia A.; Heesch, Cheryl M.; Hasser, Eileen M.

2002-01-01

Attenuated baroreflex-mediated increases in renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) in hindlimb unloaded (HU) rats apparently are due to changes within the central nervous system. We hypothesized that GABA(A) receptor-mediated inhibition of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is increased after hindlimb unloading. Responses to bilateral microinjection of the GABA(A) antagonist (-)-bicuculline methiodide (BIC) into the RVLM were examined before and during caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM) inhibition in Inactin-anesthetized control and HU rats. Increases in mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and RSNA in response to BIC in the RVLM were significantly enhanced in HU rats. Responses to bilateral CVLM blockade were not different. When remaining GABA(A) inhibition in the RVLM was blocked by BIC during CVLM inhibition, the additional increases in MAP and RSNA were significantly greater in HU rats. These data indicate that GABA(A) receptor-mediated inhibition of RVLM neurons is augmented after hindlimb unloading. Effects of input from the CVLM were unaltered. Thus, after cardiovascular deconditioning in rodents, the attenuated increase in sympathetic nerve activity in response to hypotension is associated with greater GABA(A) receptor-mediated inhibition of RVLM neurons originating at least in part from sources other than the CVLM.

Impact of bubble size on growth and CO2 uptake of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis KMMCC CY-007.

PubMed

Kim, Kisok; Choi, Jaeho; Ji, Yosep; Park, Soyoung; Do, Hyungki; Hwang, Cherwon; Lee, Bongju; Holzapfel, Wilhelm

2014-10-01

Optimisation of cyanobacterial cell productivity should consider the key factors light cycle and carbon source. We studied the influence of CO2 bubble size on carbon uptake and fixation, on basis of mRNA expression levels in Arthrospira platensis KMMCC CY-007 at 30°C (light intensity: 40μmolm(-2)s(-1); 1% CO2). Growth rate, carbon fixation and lipid accumulation were examined over 7days under fine bubble (FB) (100μm Ø) bulk bubble (BB) (5000μm Ø) and non-CO2 (NB) aeration. The low affinity CO2 uptake mRNA (NDH-I4 complex) was stronger expressed than the high affinity NDH-I3 complex (bicA and sbtA) under 1% CO2 and FB conditions, with no expression of bicA1 and sbtA1 after 4days. The high affinity CO2 uptake mRNA levels corresponded to biomass, carbon content and lipid accumulation, and increase in NDH-I3 complex (9.72-fold), bicA (5.69-fold), and sbtA (10.61-fold), compared to NB, or BB conditions. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Cdk1 Activates Pre-mitotic Nuclear Envelope Dynein Recruitment and Apical Nuclear Migration in Neural Stem Cells.

PubMed

Baffet, Alexandre D; Hu, Daniel J; Vallee, Richard B

2015-06-22

Dynein recruitment to the nuclear envelope is required for pre-mitotic nucleus-centrosome interactions in nonneuronal cells and for apical nuclear migration in neural stem cells. In each case, dynein is recruited to the nuclear envelope (NE) specifically during G2 via two nuclear pore-mediated mechanisms involving RanBP2-BicD2 and Nup133-CENP-F. The mechanisms responsible for cell-cycle control of this behavior are unknown. We now find that Cdk1 serves as a direct master controller for NE dynein recruitment in neural stem cells and HeLa cells. Cdk1 phosphorylates conserved sites within RanBP2 and activates BicD2 binding and early dynein recruitment. Late recruitment is triggered by a Cdk1-induced export of CENP-F from the nucleus. Forced NE targeting of BicD2 overrides Cdk1 inhibition, fully rescuing dynein recruitment and nuclear migration in neural stem cells. These results reveal how NE dynein recruitment is cell-cycle regulated and identify the trigger mechanism for apical nuclear migration in the brain. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The combined effects of forward masking by noise and high click rate on monaural and binaural human auditory nerve and brainstem potentials.

PubMed

Pratt, Hillel; Polyakov, Andrey; Bleich, Naomi; Mittelman, Naomi

2004-07-01

To study effects of forward masking and rapid stimulation on human monaurally- and binaurally-evoked brainstem potentials and suggest their relation to synaptic fatigue and recovery and to neuronal action potential refractoriness. Auditory brainstem evoked potentials (ABEPs) were recorded from 12 normally- and symmetrically hearing adults, in response to each click (50 dB nHL, condensation and rarefaction) in a train of nine, with an inter-click interval of 11 ms, that followed a white noise burst of 100 ms duration (50 dB nHL). Sequences of white noise and click train were repeated at a rate of 2.89 s(-1). The interval between noise and first click in the train was 2, 11, 22, 44, 66 or 88 ms in different runs. ABEPs were averaged (8000 repetitions) using a dwell time of 25 micros/address/channel. The binaural interaction components (BICs) of ABEPs were derived and the single, centrally located equivalent dipoles of ABEP waves I and V and of the BIC major wave were estimated. The latencies of dipoles I and V of ABEP, their inter-dipole interval and the dipole magnitude of component V were significantly affected by the interval between noise and clicks and by the serial position of the click in the train. The latency and dipole magnitude of the major BIC component were significantly affected by the interval between noise and clicks. Interval from noise and the click's serial position in the train interacted to affect dipole V latency, dipole V magnitude, BIC latencies and the V-I inter-dipole latency difference. Most of the effects were fully apparent by the first few clicks in the train, and the trend (increase or decrease) was affected by the interval between noise and clicks. The changes in latency and magnitude of ABEP and BIC components with advancing position in the click train and the interactions of click position in the train with the intervals from noise indicate an interaction of fatigue and recovery, compatible with synaptic depletion and replenishing, respectively. With the 2 ms interval between noise and the first click in the train, neuronal action potential refractoriness may also be involved.

45 CFR 162.103 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... definitions apply: Code set means any set of codes used to encode data elements, such as tables of terms... code sets inherent to a transaction, and not related to the format of the transaction. Data elements... information in a transaction. Data set means a semantically meaningful unit of information exchanged between...

45 CFR 162.103 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... definitions apply: Code set means any set of codes used to encode data elements, such as tables of terms... code sets inherent to a transaction, and not related to the format of the transaction. Data elements... information in a transaction. Data set means a semantically meaningful unit of information exchanged between...

Quantifying the Effectiveness of Crowd-Sourced Serious Games

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-01

of All Metrics Used in the Thesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Table 5.1 Average DAU and MAU for Selected Mobile , Social, and Online Games...of Sample VeriGames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Table 5.4 ER of Some Mobile , Social and Online Games and Developers . . 41 Table 5.5 ER...a code segment. A backend verification engine then combines the assertions produced from all related game instances and tries to obtain conditions

39 CFR Appendix A to Part 121 - Tables Depicting Service Standard Day Ranges

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... (Days) Alaska Hawaii, Guam, & American Samoa Puerto Rico & USVI Periodicals 1 1-3 1 1-3 1-4 (AK)11 (JNU... 2-3 12 11 11 AK = Alaska 3-digit ZIP Codes 995-997; JNU = Juneau AK 3-digit ZIP Code 998; KTN = Ketchikan AK 3-digit ZIP Code 999; HI = Hawaii 3-digit ZIP Codes 967 and 968; GU = Guam 3-digit ZIP Code 969...

78 FR 69310 - Hazardous Materials Table, Special Provisions, Hazardous Materials Communications, Emergency...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-19

... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration 49 CFR Part 172 Hazardous Materials Table, Special Provisions, Hazardous Materials Communications, Emergency Response Information, Training Requirements, and Security Plans CFR Correction In Title 49 of the Code of...

TableSim--A program for analysis of small-sample categorical data.

Treesearch

David J. Rugg

2003-01-01

Documents a computer program for calculating correct P-values of 1-way and 2-way tables when sample sizes are small. The program is written in Fortran 90; the executable code runs in 32-bit Microsoft-- command line environments.

IMS/Satellite Situation Center report: Predicted orbit plots for IMP-J-1976

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1975-01-01

Predicted orbit plots for the IMP-J satellite were given for the time period January-December 1976. These plots are shown in three projections. The time period covered by each set of projections is 12 days and 6 hours, corresponding approximately to the period of IMP-J. The three coordinate systems used are the Geocentric Solar Ecliptic system (GSE), the Geocentric Solar Magnetospheric system (GSM), and the Solar Magnetic system (SM). For each of the three projections, time ticks and codes are given on the satellite trajectories. The codes are interpreted in the table at the base of each plot. Time is given in the table as year/day/decimal hour, and the total time covered by each plot is shown at the bottom of each table.

MMA, A Computer Code for Multi-Model Analysis

USGS Publications Warehouse

Poeter, Eileen P.; Hill, Mary C.

2007-01-01

This report documents the Multi-Model Analysis (MMA) computer code. MMA can be used to evaluate results from alternative models of a single system using the same set of observations for all models. As long as the observations, the observation weighting, and system being represented are the same, the models can differ in nearly any way imaginable. For example, they may include different processes, different simulation software, different temporal definitions (for example, steady-state and transient models could be considered), and so on. The multiple models need to be calibrated by nonlinear regression. Calibration of the individual models needs to be completed before application of MMA. MMA can be used to rank models and calculate posterior model probabilities. These can be used to (1) determine the relative importance of the characteristics embodied in the alternative models, (2) calculate model-averaged parameter estimates and predictions, and (3) quantify the uncertainty of parameter estimates and predictions in a way that integrates the variations represented by the alternative models. There is a lack of consensus on what model analysis methods are best, so MMA provides four default methods. Two are based on Kullback-Leibler information, and use the AIC (Akaike Information Criterion) or AICc (second-order-bias-corrected AIC) model discrimination criteria. The other two default methods are the BIC (Bayesian Information Criterion) and the KIC (Kashyap Information Criterion) model discrimination criteria. Use of the KIC criterion is equivalent to using the maximum-likelihood Bayesian model averaging (MLBMA) method. AIC, AICc, and BIC can be derived from Frequentist or Bayesian arguments. The default methods based on Kullback-Leibler information have a number of theoretical advantages, including that they tend to favor more complicated models as more data become available than do the other methods, which makes sense in many situations. Many applications of MMA will be well served by the default methods provided. To use the default methods, the only required input for MMA is a list of directories where the files for the alternate models are located. Evaluation and development of model-analysis methods are active areas of research. To facilitate exploration and innovation, MMA allows the user broad discretion to define alternatives to the default procedures. For example, MMA allows the user to (a) rank models based on model criteria defined using a wide range of provided and user-defined statistics in addition to the default AIC, AICc, BIC, and KIC criteria, (b) create their own criteria using model measures available from the code, and (c) define how each model criterion is used to calculate related posterior model probabilities. The default model criteria rate models are based on model fit to observations, the number of observations and estimated parameters, and, for KIC, the Fisher information matrix. In addition, MMA allows the analysis to include an evaluation of estimated parameter values. This is accomplished by allowing the user to define unreasonable estimated parameter values or relative estimated parameter values. An example of the latter is that it may be expected that one parameter value will be less than another, as might be the case if two parameters represented the hydraulic conductivity of distinct materials such as fine and coarse sand. Models with parameter values that violate the user-defined conditions are excluded from further consideration by MMA. Ground-water models are used as examples in this report, but MMA can be used to evaluate any set of models for which the required files have been produced. MMA needs to read files from a separate directory for each alternative model considered. The needed files are produced when using the Sensitivity-Analysis or Parameter-Estimation mode of UCODE_2005, or, possibly, the equivalent capability of another program. MMA is constructed using

Design Report for the Synchronized Position, Velocity, and Time Code Generator

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-08-01

Stream Specification 4 2.3 Data Packet Format Specification 4 2.3.1 Individual Message Definition 5 3. MATLAB Parsing Software 6 4. Conclusions and...packet format structure ..................................................................4 Table 2 PPS time message definition ...5 Table 3 Position message definition ...................................................................5

IMS/Satellite Situation Center report. Predicted orbit plots for IMP-H-1976. [Explorer 47 satellite

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1975-01-01

Predicted orbit plots are shown in three projections. The time period covered by each set of projections is 12 days 6 hours, corresponding approximately to the period of IMP-H satellite. The three coordinate systems used are the Geocentric Solar Ecliptic system (GSE), the Geocentric Solar Magnetospheric system (GSM), and the Solar Magnetic system (SM). For each of the three projections, time ticks and codes are given on the satellite trajectories. The codes are interpreted in the table at the base of each plot. Time is given in the table as year/day/decimal hour. The total time covered by each plot is shown at the bottom of each table. An additional variable is given in the table for each time tick. For the GSM and SM projection this variable is the geocentric distance to the satellite in earth radii, and for the GSE projection the variable is satellite ecliptic latitude in degrees.

xRage Equation of State

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Grove, John W.

2016-08-16

The xRage code supports a variety of hydrodynamic equation of state (EOS) models. In practice these are generally accessed in the executing code via a pressure-temperature based table look up. This document will describe the various models supported by these codes and provide details on the algorithms used to evaluate the equation of state.

Bar Coding the U. S. Government Bill of Lading and the Material Inspection and Receiving Report.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-12-01

of respondents K because some of the replies did not respond to this question.) TABLE 3-2. DD 250 PROCESSING CAPABILITIES AUTOMiATED - BAR CODE...Proposed minimum data elements (both human readable and bar coded) required and why? (3) Proposed signature requirement changes and why? (4) Proposed

A Data Warehouse to Support Condition Based Maintenance (CBM)

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-05-01

Application ( VBA ) code sequence to import the original MAST-generated CSV and then create a single output table in DBASE IV format. The DBASE IV format...database architecture (Oracle, Sybase, MS- SQL , etc). This design includes table definitions, comments, specification of table attributes, primary and foreign...built queries and applications. Needs the application developers to construct data views. No SQL programming experience. b. Power Database User - knows

Processor register error correction management

DOEpatents

Bose, Pradip; Cher, Chen-Yong; Gupta, Meeta S.

2016-12-27

Processor register protection management is disclosed. In embodiments, a method of processor register protection management can include determining a sensitive logical register for executable code generated by a compiler, generating an error-correction table identifying the sensitive logical register, and storing the error-correction table in a memory accessible by a processor. The processor can be configured to generate a duplicate register of the sensitive logical register identified by the error-correction table.

50 CFR Table 2a to Part 679 - Species Codes: FMP Groundfish

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...) 710 Sculpins 160 SHARKS: Other (if salmon, spiny dogfish or Pacific sleeper shark—use specific species code) 689 Pacific sleeper 692 Salmon 690 Spiny dogfish 691 SKATES: Big 702 Longnose 701 Other (If...

50 CFR Table 2a to Part 679 - Species Codes: FMP Groundfish

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...) 710 Sculpins 160 SHARKS Other (if salmon, spiny dogfish or Pacific sleeper shark—use specific species code) 689 Pacific sleeper 692 Salmon 690 Spiny dogfish 691 SKATES Big 702 Longnose 701 Other (If...

40 CFR Appendix A to Subpart A of... - Tables

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... phone number ✓ ✓ (6) FIPS code ✓ ✓ (7) Facility ID codes ✓ ✓ (8) Unit ID code ✓ ✓ (9) Process ID code... for Reporting on Emissions From Nonpoint Sources and Nonroad Mobile Sources, Where Required by 40 CFR... start date ✓ ✓ (3) Inventory end date ✓ ✓ (4) Contact name ✓ ✓ (5) Contact phone number ✓ ✓ (6) FIPS...

Land vehicle antennas for satellite mobile communications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Haddad, H. A.; Paschen, D.; Pieper, B. V.

1985-01-01

Antenna designs applicable to future satellite mobile vehicle communications are examined. Microstrip disk, quadrifilar helix, cylindrical microstrip, and inverted V and U crossed-dipole low gain antennas (3-5 dBic) that provide omnidirectional coverage are described. Diagrams of medium gain antenna (9-12 dBic) concepts are presented; the antennas are classified into three types: (1) electronically steered with digital phase shifters; (2) electronically switched with switchable power divider/combiner; and (3) mechanically steered with motor. The operating characteristics of a conformal antenna with electronic beam steering and a nonconformal design with mechanical steering are evaluated with respect to isolation levels in a multiple satellite system. Vehicle antenna pointing systems and antenna system costs are investigated.

Computation of Thermally Perfect Compressible Flow Properties

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Witte, David W.; Tatum, Kenneth E.; Williams, S. Blake

1996-01-01

A set of compressible flow relations for a thermally perfect, calorically imperfect gas are derived for a value of c(sub p) (specific heat at constant pressure) expressed as a polynomial function of temperature and developed into a computer program, referred to as the Thermally Perfect Gas (TPG) code. The code is available free from the NASA Langley Software Server at URL http://www.larc.nasa.gov/LSS. The code produces tables of compressible flow properties similar to those found in NACA Report 1135. Unlike the NACA Report 1135 tables which are valid only in the calorically perfect temperature regime the TPG code results are also valid in the thermally perfect, calorically imperfect temperature regime, giving the TPG code a considerably larger range of temperature application. Accuracy of the TPG code in the calorically perfect and in the thermally perfect, calorically imperfect temperature regimes are verified by comparisons with the methods of NACA Report 1135. The advantages of the TPG code compared to the thermally perfect, calorically imperfect method of NACA Report 1135 are its applicability to any type of gas (monatomic, diatomic, triatomic, or polyatomic) or any specified mixture of gases, ease-of-use, and tabulated results.

A Comparative Study on Safe Pile Capacity as Shown in Table 1 of IS 2911 (Part III): 1980

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pakrashi, Somdev

2017-06-01

Code of practice for design and construction of under reamed pile foundations: IS 2911 (Part-III)—1980 presents one table in respect of safe load for bored cast in situ under reamed piles in sandy and clayey soils including black cotton soils, stem dia. of pile ranging from 20 to 50 cm and its effective length being 3.50 m. A comparative study, was taken up by working out safe pile capacity for one 400 dia., 3.5 m long bored cast in situ under reamed pile based on subsoil properties obtained from soil investigation work as well as subsoil properties of different magnitudes of clayey, sandy soils and comparing the same with the safe pile capacity shown in Table 1 of that IS Code. The study reveals that safe pile capacity computed from subsoil properties, barring a very few cases, considerably differs from that shown in the aforesaid code and looks forward for more research work and study to find out a conclusive explanation of this probable anomaly.

50 CFR Table 2d to Part 679 - Species Codes-Non-FMP Species

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... description Code Arctic char, anadromous 521 Dolly varden, anadromous 531 Eels or eel-like fish 210 Eel, wolf... Arctic surf 812 Cockle 820 Eastern softshell 842 Pacific geoduck 815 Pacific littleneck 840 Pacific razor...

Defense Contracting Integrity. Opportunities Exist to Improve DOD’s Oversight of Contractor Ethics Programs

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-09-01

NUMBER(S) 12 . DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT 15...Implementing FAR Ethics Rules 10 Table 4: Contractor Responses on Practices Now Required by the FAR for Code of Business Ethics and Conduct 12 Table 5...Fiscal Year 2006 35 Table 12 : Required FAR Components for Contractor Ethics Program Practices 43 Figure Figure 1: DOD Hotline Posters Available

User Interface Design in Medical Distributed Web Applications.

PubMed

Serban, Alexandru; Crisan-Vida, Mihaela; Mada, Leonard; Stoicu-Tivadar, Lacramioara

2016-01-01

User interfaces are important to facilitate easy learning and operating with an IT application especially in the medical world. An easy to use interface has to be simple and to customize the user needs and mode of operation. The technology in the background is an important tool to accomplish this. The present work aims to creating a web interface using specific technology (HTML table design combined with CSS3) to provide an optimized responsive interface for a complex web application. In the first phase, the current icMED web medical application layout is analyzed, and its structure is designed using specific tools, on source files. In the second phase, a new graphic adaptable interface to different mobile terminals is proposed, (using HTML table design (TD) and CSS3 method) that uses no source files, just lines of code for layout design, improving the interaction in terms of speed and simplicity. For a complex medical software application a new prototype layout was designed and developed using HTML tables. The method uses a CSS code with only CSS classes applied to one or multiple HTML table elements, instead of CSS styles that can be applied to just one DIV tag at once. The technique has the advantage of a simplified CSS code, and a better adaptability to different media resolutions compared to DIV-CSS style method. The presented work is a proof that adaptive web interfaces can be developed just using and combining different types of design methods and technologies, using HTML table design, resulting in a simpler to learn and use interface, suitable for healthcare services.

The Effect of Simplifying Dental Implant Drilling Sequence on Osseointegration: An Experimental Study in Dogs

PubMed Central

Giro, Gabriela; Tovar, Nick; Marin, Charles; Bonfante, Estevam A.; Jimbo, Ryo; Suzuki, Marcelo; Janal, Malvin N.; Coelho, Paulo G.

2013-01-01

Objectives. To test the hypothesis that there would be no differences in osseointegration by reducing the number of drills for site preparation relative to conventional drilling sequence. Methods. Seventy-two implants were bilaterally placed in the tibia of 18 beagle dogs and remained for 1, 3, and 5 weeks. Thirty-six implants were 3.75 mm in diameter and the other 36 were 4.2 mm. Half of the implants of each diameter were placed under a simplified technique (pilot drill + final diameter drill) and the other half were placed under conventional drilling where multiple drills of increasing diameter were utilized. After euthanisation, the bone-implant samples were processed and referred to histological analysis. Bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone-area-fraction occupancy (BAFO) were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed by GLM ANOVA at 95% level of significance considering implant diameter, time in vivo, and drilling procedure as independent variables and BIC and BAFO as the dependent variables. Results. Both techniques led to implant integration. No differences in BIC and BAFO were observed between drilling procedures as time elapsed in vivo. Conclusions. The simplified drilling protocol presented comparable osseointegration outcomes to the conventional protocol, which proved the initial hypothesis. PMID:23431303

A second ortho-rhom-bic polymorph of (Z)-3-(9-anthr-yl)-1-(2-thien-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.

PubMed

Chantrapromma, Suchada; Suwunwong, Thitipone; Boonnak, Nawong; Fun, Hoong-Kun

2010-01-09

The title heteroaryl chalcone, C(21)H(14)OS, is a second ortho-rhom-bic polymorph which crystallizes in the space group P2(1)2(1)2(1). The structure was previously reported [Fun et al. (2009 ▶). Acta Cryst. E65, o2168-o2169] in the space group Pna2(1). The bond distances and angles are similar in both structures. In contrast, the overall crystal packing is different from that in the first ortho-rhom-bic Pna2(1) polymorph in which mol-ecules were stacked into columns along the b axis and the thio-phene units of two adjacent columns were stacked in a head to tail fashion. In the present polymorph, mol-ecules are found to dimerize through a weak S⋯S inter-action [3.6513 (7) Å] and these dimers are arranged into sheets parallel to the bc plane. There are no classical hydrogen bonds in the packing which features short C⋯O [3.2832 (2)-3.6251 (9) Å], C⋯S [3.4879 (17)-3.6251 (19) Å] and S⋯O [2.9948 (16) Å] contacts, together with C-H⋯π inter-actions. Similar contacts were found in the other polymorph.

Repeated High Intensity Bouts with Long Recovery: Are Bicarbonate or Carbohydrate Supplements an Option?

PubMed Central

Stöggl, Thomas; Torres-Peralta, Rafael; Cetin, Ebru

2014-01-01

The effects of varying recovery modes and the influence of preexercise sodium bicarbonate and carbohydrate ingestion on repeated high intensity performance, acid-base response, and recovery were analyzed in 12 well-trained males. They completed three repeated high intensity running bouts to exhaustion with intervening recovery periods of 25 min under the following conditions: sodium bicarbonate, active recovery (BIC); carbohydrate ingestion, active recovery (CHO); placebo ingestion, active recovery (ACTIVE); placebo ingestion, passive recovery (PASSIVE). Blood lactate (BLa), blood gases, heart rate, and time to exhaustion were collected. The three high intensity bouts had a duration of 138 ± 9, 124 ± 6, and 121 ± 6 s demonstrating a decrease from bout 1 to bout 3. Supplementation strategy had no effect on performance in the first bout, even with differences in pH and bicarbonate (HCO3 −). Repeated sprint performance was not affected by supplementation strategy when compared to ACTIVE, while PASSIVE resulted in a more pronounced decrease in performance compared with all other interventions. BIC led to greater BLa, pH, and HCO3 − values compared with all other interventions, while for PASSIVE the opposite was found. BLa recovery was lowest in PASSIVE; recovery in pH, and HCO3 − was lower in PASSIVE and higher in BIC. PMID:25431775

The cross-validated AUC for MCP-logistic regression with high-dimensional data.

PubMed

Jiang, Dingfeng; Huang, Jian; Zhang, Ying

2013-10-01

We propose a cross-validated area under the receiving operator characteristic (ROC) curve (CV-AUC) criterion for tuning parameter selection for penalized methods in sparse, high-dimensional logistic regression models. We use this criterion in combination with the minimax concave penalty (MCP) method for variable selection. The CV-AUC criterion is specifically designed for optimizing the classification performance for binary outcome data. To implement the proposed approach, we derive an efficient coordinate descent algorithm to compute the MCP-logistic regression solution surface. Simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the finite sample performance of the proposed method and its comparison with the existing methods including the Akaike information criterion (AIC), Bayesian information criterion (BIC) or Extended BIC (EBIC). The model selected based on the CV-AUC criterion tends to have a larger predictive AUC and smaller classification error than those with tuning parameters selected using the AIC, BIC or EBIC. We illustrate the application of the MCP-logistic regression with the CV-AUC criterion on three microarray datasets from the studies that attempt to identify genes related to cancers. Our simulation studies and data examples demonstrate that the CV-AUC is an attractive method for tuning parameter selection for penalized methods in high-dimensional logistic regression models.

Impact of monaural frequency compression on binaural fusion at the brainstem level.

PubMed

Klauke, Isabelle; Kohl, Manuel C; Hannemann, Ronny; Kornagel, Ulrich; Strauss, Daniel J; Corona-Strauss, Farah I

2015-08-01

A classical objective measure for binaural fusion at the brainstem level is the so-called β-wave of the binaural interaction component (BIC) in the auditory brainstem response (ABR). However, in some cases it appeared that a reliable detection of this component still remains a challenge. In this study, we investigate the wavelet phase synchronization stability (WPSS) of ABR data for the analysis of binaural fusion and compare it to the BIC. In particular, we examine the impact of monaural nonlinear frequency compression on binaural fusion. As the auditory system is tonotopically organized, an interaural frequency mismatch caused by monaural frequency compression could negatively effect binaural fusion. In this study, only few subjects showed a detectable β-wave and in most cases only for low ITDs. However, we present a novel objective measure for binaural fusion that outperforms the current state-of-the-art technique (BIC): the WPSS analysis showed a significant difference between the phase stability of the sum of the monaurally evoked responses and the phase stability of the binaurally evoked ABR. This difference could be an indicator for binaural fusion in the brainstem. Furthermore, we observed that monaural frequency compression could indeed effect binaural fusion, as the WPSS results for this condition vary strongly from the results obtained without frequency compression.

Comparison of Interaural Electrode Pairing Methods for Bilateral Cochlear Implants

PubMed Central

Dietz, Mathias

2015-01-01

In patients with bilateral cochlear implants (CIs), pairing matched interaural electrodes and stimulating them with the same frequency band is expected to facilitate binaural functions such as binaural fusion, localization, and spatial release from masking. Because clinical procedures typically do not include patient-specific interaural electrode pairing, it remains the case that each electrode is allocated to a generic frequency range, based simply on the electrode number. Two psychoacoustic techniques for determining interaurally paired electrodes have been demonstrated in several studies: interaural pitch comparison and interaural time difference (ITD) sensitivity. However, these two methods are rarely, if ever, compared directly. A third, more objective method is to assess the amplitude of the binaural interaction component (BIC) derived from electrically evoked auditory brainstem responses for different electrode pairings; a method has been demonstrated to be a potential candidate for bilateral CI users. Here, we tested all three measures in the same eight CI users. We found good correspondence between the electrode pair producing the largest BIC and the electrode pair producing the maximum ITD sensitivity. The correspondence between the pairs producing the largest BIC and the pitch-matched electrode pairs was considerably weaker, supporting the previously proposed hypothesis that whilst place pitch might adapt over time to accommodate mismatched inputs, sensitivity to ITDs does not adapt to the same degree. PMID:26631108

Automatic Web-based Calibration of Network-Capable Shipboard Sensors

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-09-01

Server, Java , Applet, and Servlet . 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF REPORT Unclassified 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE...49 b. Sensor Applet...........................................................................49 3. Java Servlet ...Table 1. Required System Environment Variables for Java Servlet Development. ......25 Table 2. Payload Data Format of the POST Requests from

40 CFR 268.42 - Treatment standards expressed as specified technologies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... specified technologies. 268.42 Section 268.42 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY... standards expressed as specified technologies. Note: For the requirements previously found in this section in Table 2—Technology-Based Standards By RCRA Waste Code, and Table 3—Technology-Based Standards for...

40 CFR 268.42 - Treatment standards expressed as specified technologies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... specified technologies. 268.42 Section 268.42 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY... standards expressed as specified technologies. Note: For the requirements previously found in this section in Table 2—Technology-Based Standards By RCRA Waste Code, and Table 3—Technology-Based Standards for...

Using National Drug Codes and drug knowledge bases to organize prescription records from multiple sources.

PubMed

Simonaitis, Linas; McDonald, Clement J

2009-10-01

The utility of National Drug Codes (NDCs) and drug knowledge bases (DKBs) in the organization of prescription records from multiple sources was studied. The master files of most pharmacy systems include NDCs and local codes to identify the products they dispense. We obtained a large sample of prescription records from seven different sources. These records carried a national product code or a local code that could be translated into a national product code via their formulary master. We obtained mapping tables from five DKBs. We measured the degree to which the DKB mapping tables covered the national product codes carried in or associated with the sample of prescription records. Considering the total prescription volume, DKBs covered 93.0-99.8% of the product codes from three outpatient sources and 77.4-97.0% of the product codes from four inpatient sources. Among the in-patient sources, invented codes explained 36-94% of the noncoverage. Outpatient pharmacy sources rarely invented codes, which comprised only 0.11-0.21% of their total prescription volume, compared with inpatient pharmacy sources for which invented codes comprised 1.7-7.4% of their prescription volume. The distribution of prescribed products was highly skewed, with 1.4-4.4% of codes accounting for 50% of the message volume and 10.7-34.5% accounting for 90% of the message volume. DKBs cover the product codes used by outpatient sources sufficiently well to permit automatic mapping. Changes in policies and standards could increase coverage of product codes used by inpatient sources.

42 CFR 81.21 - Cancers requiring the use of NIOSH-IREP.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... NIOSH-IREP. (b) Carcinoma in situ (ICD-9 codes 230-234), neoplasms of uncertain behavior (ICD-9 codes... cancer from a primary site). For claims identifying cancers of the lymph node, Table 1 in § 81.23...

42 CFR 81.21 - Cancers requiring the use of NIOSH-IREP.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... NIOSH-IREP. (b) Carcinoma in situ (ICD-9 codes 230-234), neoplasms of uncertain behavior (ICD-9 codes... cancer from a primary site). For claims identifying cancers of the lymph node, Table 1 in § 81.23...

42 CFR 81.21 - Cancers requiring the use of NIOSH-IREP.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... NIOSH-IREP. (b) Carcinoma in situ (ICD-9 codes 230-234), neoplasms of uncertain behavior (ICD-9 codes... cancer from a primary site). For claims identifying cancers of the lymph node, Table 1 in § 81.23...

Network models provide insights into how oriens–lacunosum-moleculare and bistratified cell interactions influence the power of local hippocampal CA1 theta oscillations

PubMed Central

Ferguson, Katie A.; Huh, Carey Y. L.; Amilhon, Bénédicte; Manseau, Frédéric; Williams, Sylvain; Skinner, Frances K.

2015-01-01

Hippocampal theta is a 4–12 Hz rhythm associated with episodic memory, and although it has been studied extensively, the cellular mechanisms underlying its generation are unclear. The complex interactions between different interneuron types, such as those between oriens–lacunosum-moleculare (OLM) interneurons and bistratified cells (BiCs), make their contribution to network rhythms difficult to determine experimentally. We created network models that are tied to experimental work at both cellular and network levels to explore how these interneuron interactions affect the power of local oscillations. Our cellular models were constrained with properties from patch clamp recordings in the CA1 region of an intact hippocampus preparation in vitro. Our network models are composed of three different types of interneurons: parvalbumin-positive (PV+) basket and axo-axonic cells (BC/AACs), PV+ BiCs, and somatostatin-positive OLM cells. Also included is a spatially extended pyramidal cell model to allow for a simplified local field potential representation, as well as experimentally-constrained, theta frequency synaptic inputs to the interneurons. The network size, connectivity, and synaptic properties were constrained with experimental data. To determine how the interactions between OLM cells and BiCs could affect local theta power, we explored how the number of OLM-BiC connections and connection strength affected local theta power. We found that our models operate in regimes that could be distinguished by whether OLM cells minimally or strongly affected the power of network theta oscillations due to balances that, respectively, allow compensatory effects or not. Inactivation of OLM cells could result in no change or even an increase in theta power. We predict that the dis-inhibitory effect of OLM cells to BiCs to pyramidal cell interactions plays a critical role in the resulting power of network theta oscillations. Overall, our network models reveal a dynamic interplay between different classes of interneurons in influencing local theta power. PMID:26300744

FIRST NEW SOLAR MODELS WITH OPAS OPACITY TABLES

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Le Pennec, M.; Turck-Chièze, S.; Salmon, S.

Stellar seismology appears more and more as a powerful tool for a better determination of the fundamental properties of solar-type stars. However, the particular case of the Sun is still challenging. For about a decade now, the helioseismic sound-speed determination has continued to disagree with the standard solar model (SSM) prediction, questioning the reliability of this model. One of the sources of uncertainty could be in the treatment of the transport of radiation from the solar core to the surface. In this Letter, we use the new OPAS opacity tables, recently available for solar modeling, to address this issue. Wemore » discuss first the peculiarities of these tables, then we quantify their impact on the solar sound-speed and density profiles using the reduced OPAS tables taken on the grids of the OPAL ones. We use the two evolution codes, Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics and Code Liégeois d’Evolution Stellaire, that led to similar conclusions in the solar radiative zone. In comparison to commonly used OPAL opacity tables, the new solar models are computed for the most recent photospheric composition with OPAS tables and present improvements to the location of the base of the convective zone and to the description of the solar radiative zone in comparison to the helioseismic observations, even if the differences in the Rosseland mean opacity do not exceed 6%. We finally carry out a comparison to a solar model computed with the OP opacity tables.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Walker, Andrew; Lawrence, Earl

The Response Surface Modeling (RSM) Tool Suite is a collection of three codes used to generate an empirical interpolation function for a collection of drag coefficient calculations computed with Test Particle Monte Carlo (TPMC) simulations. The first code, "Automated RSM", automates the generation of a drag coefficient RSM for a particular object to a single command. "Automated RSM" first creates a Latin Hypercube Sample (LHS) of 1,000 ensemble members to explore the global parameter space. For each ensemble member, a TPMC simulation is performed and the object drag coefficient is computed. In the next step of the "Automated RSM" code,more » a Gaussian process is used to fit the TPMC simulations. In the final step, Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is used to evaluate the non-analytic probability distribution function from the Gaussian process. The second code, "RSM Area", creates a look-up table for the projected area of the object based on input limits on the minimum and maximum allowed pitch and yaw angles and pitch and yaw angle intervals. The projected area from the look-up table is used to compute the ballistic coefficient of the object based on its pitch and yaw angle. An accurate ballistic coefficient is crucial in accurately computing the drag on an object. The third code, "RSM Cd", uses the RSM generated by the "Automated RSM" code and the projected area look-up table generated by the "RSM Area" code to accurately compute the drag coefficient and ballistic coefficient of the object. The user can modify the object velocity, object surface temperature, the translational temperature of the gas, the species concentrations of the gas, and the pitch and yaw angles of the object. Together, these codes allow for the accurate derivation of an object's drag coefficient and ballistic coefficient under any conditions with only knowledge of the object's geometry and mass.« less

39 CFR Appendix A to Part 121 - Tables Depicting Service Standard Day Ranges

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 1-3 (AK)7 (JNU) 7 (KTN) 1 (HI)7 (GU) 1-2 1-2 6-7 5-6 Standard Mail 2 3 3 3-4 10 10 9 Package Services 1 2 2 2-3 8 8 7 AK = Alaska 3-digit ZIP Codes 995-997; JNU = Juneau AK 3-digit ZIP Code 998; KTN = Ketchikan AK 3-digit ZIP Code 999; HI = Hawaii 3-digit ZIP Codes 967 and 968; GU = Guam 3-digit ZIP Code 969...

39 CFR Appendix A to Part 121 - Tables Depicting Service Standard Day Ranges

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 1-3 (AK)7 (JNU) 7 (KTN) 1 (HI)7 (GU) 1-2 1-2 6-7 5-6 Standard Mail 2 3 3 3-4 10 10 9 Package Services 1 2 2 2-3 8 8 7 AK = Alaska 3-digit ZIP Codes 995-997; JNU = Juneau AK 3-digit ZIP Code 998; KTN = Ketchikan AK 3-digit ZIP Code 999; HI = Hawaii 3-digit ZIP Codes 967 and 968; GU = Guam 3-digit ZIP Code 969...

Shark: SQL and Analytics with Cost-Based Query Optimization on Coarse-Grained Distributed Memory

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-01-13

RDBMS and contains a database (often MySQL or Derby) with a namespace for tables, table metadata and partition information. Table data is stored in an...serialization/deserialization) Java interface implementations with corresponding object inspectors. The Hive driver controls the processing of queries, coordinat...native API, RDD operations are invoked through a functional interface similar to DryadLINQ [32] in Scala, Java or Python. For example, the Scala code for

Computation of Thermally Perfect Properties of Oblique Shock Waves

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tatum, Kenneth E.

1996-01-01

A set of compressible flow relations describing flow properties across oblique shock waves, derived for a thermally perfect, calorically imperfect gas, is applied within the existing thermally perfect gas (TPG) computer code. The relations are based upon a value of cp expressed as a polynomial function of temperature. The updated code produces tables of compressible flow properties of oblique shock waves, as well as the original properties of normal shock waves and basic isentropic flow, in a format similar to the tables for normal shock waves found in NACA Rep. 1135. The code results are validated in both the calorically perfect and the calorically imperfect, thermally perfect temperature regimes through comparisons with the theoretical methods of NACA Rep. 1135, and with a state-of-the-art computational fluid dynamics code. The advantages of the TPG code for oblique shock wave calculations, as well as for the properties of isentropic flow and normal shock waves, are its ease of use, and its applicability to any type of gas (monatomic, diatomic, triatomic, polyatomic, or any specified mixture thereof).

Some pungent arguments against the physico-chemical theories of the origin of the genetic code and corroborating the coevolution theory.

PubMed

Di Giulio, Massimo

2017-02-07

Whereas it is extremely easy to prove that "if the biosynthetic relationships between amino acids were fundamental in the structuring of the genetic code, then their physico-chemical properties might also be revealed in the genetic code table"; it is, on the contrary, impossible to prove that "if the physico-chemical properties of amino acids were fundamental in the structuring of the genetic code, then the presence of the biosynthetic relationships between amino acids should not be revealed in the genetic code". And, given that in the genetic code table are mirrored both the biosynthetic relationships between amino acids and their physico-chemical properties, all this would be a test that would falsify the physico-chemical theories of the origin of the genetic code. That is to say, if the physico-chemical properties of amino acids had a fundamental role in organizing the genetic code, then we would not have duly revealed the presence - in the genetic code - of the biosynthetic relationships between amino acids, and on the contrary this has been observed. Therefore, this falsifies the physico-chemical theories of genetic code origin. Whereas, the coevolution theory of the origin of the genetic code would be corroborated by this analysis, because it would be able to give a description of evolution of the genetic code more coherent with the indisputable empirical observations that link both the biosynthetic relationships of amino acids and their physico-chemical properties to the evolutionary organization of the genetic code. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Dynamics of Intense Pulsed Proton Beam in the Nagaoka ETIGO-I

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tanaka, Hajime; Konno, Kohji; Masugata, Katsumi; Yatsui, Kiyoshi; Matsui, Masao

1982-10-01

Dynamics of an intense pulsed proton beam have been studied by measuring nuclear reactions as well as by a biased ion-collector (BIC). When the ion-current density (Ji) is small such that Ji<30 A/cm2, the proton number measured by BIC is in good agreement with that by nuclear activation. Good linearity exists between time integrated γ-ray signal and proton number measured by the activation. Hence, it would be possible to obtain the proton number quantitatively even when a target “blow-off” takes place at Ji>1 kA/cm2. Prompt γ-ray is also measured by the time-of-flight method to yield reasonable agreement with the applied peak potential.

EPA Office of Water (OW): SDWIS - HUC12 Densities for Public Surface Water and Groundwater Sources

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Public Water System location points, based on information from the Safe Drinking Water Act Information System (SDWIS/Federal) for a 2010 third quarter (SDWIS_2010Q3) baseline period, were applied to relate system latitude and longitude coordinates (LatLongs) to Watershed Boundary Dataset subwatershed polygons (HUC12s). This HUC12 table can be mapped through setting up appropriate table relationships on the attribute HUC_12 with the HUC12 GIS layer that is part of EPA's Reach Address Database (RAD) Version 3. At the present time, the RAD Version 3 contains HUC12 polygons for the conterminous United States (CONUS), Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands (materials for Alaska or for other territories and dependencies are not available as of February, 2010). The records in this table are based on a special QUERY created by the EPA Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water (OGWDW) from the primary SDWIS/FED information to provide a robust point representation for a PWS system. PWS points are selected based on the following prioritization: 1. If the system has a treatment plant with LatLongs and MAD codes; 2. If the system has a treatment plant with LatLongs but without MAD codes; 3. If the system has a well with LatLongs and MAD codes; 4. If the system has a well with LatLongs but without MAD codes; 5. If the system has an intake with LatLongs and MAD codes; 6. If the system has an intake with LatLongs but without MAD codes; 7. If the system has any source

29 CFR 510.10 - Table of wage rates and effective dates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... ACT IN PUERTO RICO Schedule of Minimum Wage Rates Applicable in Puerto Rico § 510.10 Table of wage... manufacturing and non-manufacturing industries in Puerto Rico by SIC code, and indicate which tier is applicable... the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, municipalities, and other governmental entities of the Commonwealth...

29 CFR 510.10 - Table of wage rates and effective dates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... ACT IN PUERTO RICO Schedule of Minimum Wage Rates Applicable in Puerto Rico § 510.10 Table of wage... manufacturing and non-manufacturing industries in Puerto Rico by SIC code, and indicate which tier is applicable... the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, municipalities, and other governmental entities of the Commonwealth...

29 CFR 510.10 - Table of wage rates and effective dates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... ACT IN PUERTO RICO Schedule of Minimum Wage Rates Applicable in Puerto Rico § 510.10 Table of wage... manufacturing and non-manufacturing industries in Puerto Rico by SIC code, and indicate which tier is applicable... the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, municipalities, and other governmental entities of the Commonwealth...

50 CFR Table 14c - At-sea Operation Type Codes To Be Used as Port Codes for Vessels Matching This Type of Operation

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (CONTINUED) FISHERIES OF THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OFF ALASKA Amendment 80 Program Economic data report (EDR) for the...

Environmental Effects on the Incubation Time Characteristics in Stress-Corrosion Cracking

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-04-01

Corrosion Experimental Data for Specimen SL51 143 Table B2. Stress Corrosion Experimental Data for Specimen SL76 (3.5% NaCI, K , =6.8M/Wm) 144 Table B3...of action of the external load; - 143 - K =applied stress intensity factor; da/dt=crack growth rate. Table B2. Stress Corrosion Experimental Data for...Submitted to Dr. Asuri K . Vasudevan Scientific Officer Office of Naval Research, Code-332 875 North Randolph Street, Suite 1425, Room- 629

ADST System Test Report for the Rotary Wing Aircraft Airnet Aeromodel and Weapon Model Merge with the ATAC 2 Baseline

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-01-20

Category 2 - Investigation/Debug Required ..................................... 11 Table 3-1 Field Test Report Status/Corrective Action...in Table 3-1 in section 3.1. The Field Test Reports and SP/CR’s are listed below for the two categories: Table 3.0-1. Category 1 - LADS PMO Direction...symbology, consisting Wing Aircraft of the laser code A - H plus the four digit data field shall be displayed for 10 seconds, after which time only

Does the Genetic Code Have A Eukaryotic Origin?

PubMed Central

Zhang, Zhang; Yu, Jun

2013-01-01

In the RNA world, RNA is assumed to be the dominant macromolecule performing most, if not all, core “house-keeping” functions. The ribo-cell hypothesis suggests that the genetic code and the translation machinery may both be born of the RNA world, and the introduction of DNA to ribo-cells may take over the informational role of RNA gradually, such as a mature set of genetic code and mechanism enabling stable inheritance of sequence and its variation. In this context, we modeled the genetic code in two content variables—GC and purine contents—of protein-coding sequences and measured the purine content sensitivities for each codon when the sensitivity (% usage) is plotted as a function of GC content variation. The analysis leads to a new pattern—the symmetric pattern—where the sensitivity of purine content variation shows diagonally symmetry in the codon table more significantly in the two GC content invariable quarters in addition to the two existing patterns where the table is divided into either four GC content sensitivity quarters or two amino acid diversity halves. The most insensitive codon sets are GUN (valine) and CAN (CAR for asparagine and CAY for aspartic acid) and the most biased amino acid is valine (always over-estimated) followed by alanine (always under-estimated). The unique position of valine and its codons suggests its key roles in the final recruitment of the complete codon set of the canonical table. The distinct choice may only be attributable to sequence signatures or signals of splice sites for spliceosomal introns shared by all extant eukaryotes. PMID:23402863

Use of the ETA-1 reactor for the validation of the multi-group APOLLO2-MORET 5 code and the Monte Carlo continuous energy MORET 5 code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leclaire, N.; Cochet, B.; Le Dauphin, F. X.; Haeck, W.; Jacquet, O.

2014-06-01

The present paper aims at providing experimental validation for the use of the MORET 5 code for advanced concepts of reactor involving thorium and heavy water. It therefore constitutes an opportunity to test and improve the thermal-scattering data of heavy water and also to test the recent implementation of probability tables in the MORET 5 code.

The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases had only a marginal role in the origin of the organization of the genetic code: Evidence in favor of the coevolution theory.

PubMed

Di Giulio, Massimo

2017-11-07

The coevolution theory of the origin of the genetic code suggests that the organization of the genetic code coevolved with the biosynthetic relationships between amino acids. The mechanism that allowed this coevolution was based on tRNA-like molecules on which-this theory-would postulate the biosynthetic transformations between amino acids to have occurred. This mechanism makes a prediction on how the role conducted by the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs), in the origin of the genetic code, should have been. Indeed, if the biosynthetic transformations between amino acids occurred on tRNA-like molecules, then there was no need to link amino acids to these molecules because amino acids were already charged on tRNA-like molecules, as the coevolution theory suggests. In spite of the fact that ARSs make the genetic code responsible for the first interaction between a component of nucleic acids and that of proteins, for the coevolution theory the role of ARSs should have been entirely marginal in the genetic code origin. Therefore, I have conducted a further analysis of the distribution of the two classes of ARSs and of their subclasses-in the genetic code table-in order to perform a falsification test of the coevolution theory. Indeed, in the case in which the distribution of ARSs within the genetic code would have been highly significant, then the coevolution theory would be falsified since the mechanism on which it is based would not predict a fundamental role of ARSs in the origin of the genetic code. I found that the statistical significance of the distribution of the two classes of ARSs in the table of the genetic code is low or marginal, whereas that of the subclasses of ARSs statistically significant. However, this is in perfect agreement with the postulates of the coevolution theory. Indeed, the only case of statistical significance-regarding the classes of ARSs-is appreciable for the CAG code, whereas for its complement-the UNN/NUN code-only a marginal significance is measurable. These two codes codify roughly for the two ARS classes, in particular, the CAG code for the class II while the UNN/NUN code for the class I. Furthermore, the subclasses of ARSs show a statistical significance of their distribution in the genetic code table. Nevertheless, the more sensible explanation for these observations would be the following. The observation that would link the two classes of ARSs to the CAG and UNN/NUN codes, and the statistical significance of the distribution of the subclasses of ARSs in the genetic code table, would be only a secondary effect due to the highly significant distribution of the polarity of amino acids and their biosynthetic relationships in the genetic code. That is to say, the polarity of amino acids and their biosynthetic relationships would have conditioned the evolution of ARSs so that their presence in the genetic code would have been detectable. Even if the ARSs would not have-on their own-influenced directly the evolutionary organization of the genetic code. In other words, the role that ARSs had in the origin of the genetic code would have been entirely marginal. This conclusion would be in perfect accord with the predictions of the coevolution theory. Conversely, this conclusion would be in contrast-at least partially-with the physicochemical theories of the origin of the genetic code because they would foresee an absolutely more active role of ARSs in the origin of the organization of the genetic code. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

48 CFR 25.401 - Exceptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Disabled; and (5) Other acquisitions not using full and open competition, if authorized by Subpart 6.2 or 6... table: The service(Federal Service Codes from the Federal Procurement Data System Product/Service Code... military services overseas. X X X X (2) (i) Automatic data processing (ADP) telecommunications and...

40 CFR Table 9 to Part 455 - Group 2 Mixtures

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... fatty acids of coconut oil (coded 079). 505200 Isoparaffinic hydrocarbons. 1 Shaughnessey codes and.... 016601 2 Dry ice. 022003 Coal tar. 025001 Coal tar neutral oils. 025003 Creosote oil (Note: Derived from... BNOA. 063501 Kerosene. 063502 Mineral oil—includes paraffin oil from 063503. 063503 Petroleum...

40 CFR Table 9 to Part 455 - Group 2 Mixtures

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... the fatty acids of coconut oil (coded 079). 505200 Isoparaffinic hydrocarbons. 1 Shaughnessey codes... aromatic naphtha. 016601 2 Dry ice. 022003 Coal tar. 025001 Coal tar neutral oils. 025003 Creosote oil... acids. 055601 BNOA. 063501 Kerosene. 063502 Mineral oil—includes paraffin oil from 063503. 063503...

40 CFR Table 9 to Part 455 - Group 2 Mixtures

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... the fatty acids of coconut oil (coded 079). 505200 Isoparaffinic hydrocarbons. 1 Shaughnessey codes... aromatic naphtha. 016601 2 Dry ice. 022003 Coal tar. 025001 Coal tar neutral oils. 025003 Creosote oil... acids. 055601 BNOA. 063501 Kerosene. 063502 Mineral oil—includes paraffin oil from 063503. 063503...

40 CFR Table 9 to Part 455 - Group 2 Mixtures

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... the fatty acids of coconut oil (coded 079). 505200 Isoparaffinic hydrocarbons. 1 Shaughnessey codes... aromatic naphtha. 016601 2 Dry ice. 022003 Coal tar. 025001 Coal tar neutral oils. 025003 Creosote oil... acids. 055601 BNOA. 063501 Kerosene. 063502 Mineral oil—includes paraffin oil from 063503. 063503...

Peri-implant bone formation and implant integration strength of peptide-modified p(AAM-co-EG/AAC) interpenetrating polymer network-coated titanium implants.

PubMed

Barber, Thomas A; Ho, James E; De Ranieri, Aladino; Virdi, Amarjit S; Sumner, Dale R; Healy, Kevin E

2007-02-01

Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) of poly (acrylamide-co-ethylene glycol/acrylic acid) functionalized with an -Arg-Gly-Asp- (RGD) containing 15 amino acid peptides, derived from rat bone sialoprotein (bsp-RGD(15), were grafted to titanium implants in an effort to modulate bone formation in the peri-implant region in the rat femoral ablation model. Bone-implant contact (BIC) and bone formation within the medullary canal were determined using microcomputed tomography at 2 and 4 weeks postimplantation. BIC for bsp-RGD(15)-IPN implants was enhanced relative to hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate (HA-TCP) coated implants, but was similar to all other groups. Aggregate bone formation neither indicated a dose-dependent effect of bsp-RGD(15) nor a meaningful trend. Mechanical testing of implant fixation revealed that only the HA-TCP coated implants supported significant (>1 MPa) interfacial shear strength, despite exhibiting lower overall BIC, an indication that bone ingrowth into the rougher coating was the primary mode of implant fixation. While no evidence was found to support the hypothesis that bsp-RGD(15)-modified IPN coated implants significantly impacted bone-implant bonding, these results point to the lack of correlation between in vitro studies employing primary osteoblasts and in vivo wound healing in the peri-implant region. Copyright 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Combining Mixture Components for Clustering*

PubMed Central

Baudry, Jean-Patrick; Raftery, Adrian E.; Celeux, Gilles; Lo, Kenneth; Gottardo, Raphaël

2010-01-01

Model-based clustering consists of fitting a mixture model to data and identifying each cluster with one of its components. Multivariate normal distributions are typically used. The number of clusters is usually determined from the data, often using BIC. In practice, however, individual clusters can be poorly fitted by Gaussian distributions, and in that case model-based clustering tends to represent one non-Gaussian cluster by a mixture of two or more Gaussian distributions. If the number of mixture components is interpreted as the number of clusters, this can lead to overestimation of the number of clusters. This is because BIC selects the number of mixture components needed to provide a good approximation to the density, rather than the number of clusters as such. We propose first selecting the total number of Gaussian mixture components, K, using BIC and then combining them hierarchically according to an entropy criterion. This yields a unique soft clustering for each number of clusters less than or equal to K. These clusterings can be compared on substantive grounds, and we also describe an automatic way of selecting the number of clusters via a piecewise linear regression fit to the rescaled entropy plot. We illustrate the method with simulated data and a flow cytometry dataset. Supplemental Materials are available on the journal Web site and described at the end of the paper. PMID:20953302

A second ortho­rhom­bic polymorph of (Z)-3-(9-anthr­yl)-1-(2-thien­yl)prop-2-en-1-one1

PubMed Central

Chantrapromma, Suchada; Suwunwong, Thitipone; Boonnak, Nawong; Fun, Hoong-Kun

2010-01-01

The title heteroaryl chalcone, C21H14OS, is a second ortho­rhom­bic polymorph which crystallizes in the space group P212121. The structure was previously reported [Fun et al. (2009 ▶). Acta Cryst. E65, o2168-o2169] in the space group Pna21. The bond distances and angles are similar in both structures. In contrast, the overall crystal packing is different from that in the first ortho­rhom­bic Pna21 polymorph in which mol­ecules were stacked into columns along the b axis and the thio­phene units of two adjacent columns were stacked in a head to tail fashion. In the present polymorph, mol­ecules are found to dimerize through a weak S⋯S inter­action [3.6513 (7) Å] and these dimers are arranged into sheets parallel to the bc plane. There are no classical hydrogen bonds in the packing which features short C⋯O [3.2832 (2)–3.6251 (9) Å], C⋯S [3.4879 (17)–3.6251 (19) Å] and S⋯O [2.9948 (16) Å] contacts, together with C—H⋯π inter­actions. Similar contacts were found in the other polymorph. PMID:21579743

Effect of healing time on bone-implant contact of orthodontic micro-implants: a histologic study.

PubMed

Ramazanzadeh, Barat Ali; Fatemi, Kazem; Dehghani, Mahboobe; Mohtasham, Nooshin; Jahanbin, Arezoo; Sadeghian, Hamed

2014-01-01

Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of immediate and delayed loading of orthodontic micro-implants on bone-implant contact. Materials and Methods. Sixty four micro-implants were implanted in dog's jaw bone. The micro-implants were divided into loaded and unloaded (control) groups. The control group had two subgroups: four and eight weeks being implanted. The loaded group had two subgroups of immediate loading and delayed (after four weeks healing) loading. Loaded samples were subjected to 200g load for four weeks. After sacrificing the animals micro-implants and surrounding tissues were observed histologically. Bone-implant contact ratios (BIC) were calculated and different groups' results were compared by three-way ANOVA. Results. Mean survival rate was 96.7% in general. Survival rates were 96.7%, 94.4% and 100% for control, immediate and delayed loaded groups, respectively. BIC values were not significantly different in loaded and control groups, immediate and delayed loading groups, and pressure and tension sides. Mandibular micro-implants had significantly higher BIC than maxillary ones in immediate loading, 4-weeks control, and 8-weeks control groups (P = 0.021, P = 0.009, P = 0.003, resp.). Conclusion Immediate or delayed loading of micro-implants in dog did not cause significant difference in Bone-implant contact which could be concluded that healing time had not significant effect on micro-implant stability.

Finite element analysis of dental implant loading on atrophic and non-atrophic cancellous and cortical mandibular bone - a feasibility study.

PubMed

Marcián, Petr; Borák, Libor; Valášek, Jiří; Kaiser, Jozef; Florian, Zdeněk; Wolff, Jan

2014-12-18

The first aim of this study was to assess displacements and micro-strain induced on different grades of atrophic cortical and trabecular mandibular bone by axially loaded dental implants using finite element analysis (FEA). The second aim was to assess the micro-strain induced by different implant geometries and the levels of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) on the surrounding bone. Six mandibular bone segments demonstrating different grades of mandibular bone atrophy and various bone volume fractions (from 0.149 to 0.471) were imaged using a micro-CT device. The acquired bone STL models and implant (Brånemark, Straumann, Ankylos) were merged into a three-dimensional finite elements structure. The mean displacement value for all implants was 3.1 ±1.2 µm. Displacements were lower in the group with a strong BIC. The results indicated that the maximum strain values of cortical and cancellous bone increased with lower bone density. Strain distribution is the first and foremost dependent on the shape of bone and architecture of cancellous bone. The geometry of the implant, thread patterns, grade of bone atrophy and BIC all affect the displacement and micro-strain on the mandible bone. Preoperative finite element analysis could offer improved predictability in the long-term outlook of dental implant restorations. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effect of Healing Time on Bone-Implant Contact of Orthodontic Micro-Implants: A Histologic Study

PubMed Central

Ramazanzadeh, Barat Ali; Fatemi, Kazem; Dehghani, Mahboobe; Mohtasham, Nooshin; Jahanbin, Arezoo; Sadeghian, Hamed

2014-01-01

Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of immediate and delayed loading of orthodontic micro-implants on bone-implant contact. Materials and Methods. Sixty four micro-implants were implanted in dog's jaw bone. The micro-implants were divided into loaded and unloaded (control) groups. The control group had two subgroups: four and eight weeks being implanted. The loaded group had two subgroups of immediate loading and delayed (after four weeks healing) loading. Loaded samples were subjected to 200g load for four weeks. After sacrificing the animals micro-implants and surrounding tissues were observed histologically. Bone-implant contact ratios (BIC) were calculated and different groups' results were compared by three-way ANOVA. Results. Mean survival rate was 96.7% in general. Survival rates were 96.7%, 94.4% and 100% for control, immediate and delayed loaded groups, respectively. BIC values were not significantly different in loaded and control groups, immediate and delayed loading groups, and pressure and tension sides. Mandibular micro-implants had significantly higher BIC than maxillary ones in immediate loading, 4-weeks control, and 8-weeks control groups (P = 0.021, P = 0.009, P = 0.003, resp.). Conclusion Immediate or delayed loading of micro-implants in dog did not cause significant difference in Bone-implant contact which could be concluded that healing time had not significant effect on micro-implant stability. PMID:25006463

Evaluation of fixation of expandable implants in the mandibles of ovariectomized sheep.

PubMed

Xiao, Jian-Rui; Li, De-Hua; Chen, Yu-Xuan; Chen, Shu-Jun; Guan, Su-Min; Kong, Liang

2013-04-01

This study aimed to investigate the effects of an expandable implant (EI) in ovariectomized sheep. The EI and taper implant (control group) were produced and placed in mandibles of ovariectomized sheep. Twelve weeks after implantation, resonance frequency analysis, biomechanical tests, histomorphometry, and micro-computed tomography were applied to detect the osseointegration in the 2 groups. The implant stability quotient values, maximal pullout forces, and bone-implant contact (BIC) were 60.3 ± 7.9, 511.0 ± 18.7 N, and 53.14% ± 4.56%, respectively, in the EI group and 58.3 ± 8.9, 394.5 ± 54.5 N, and 46.85% ± 5.04%, respectively, in the control group. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in implant stability quotient values (P > .05); however, in the EI group the maximal pullout force and BIC were increased significantly (P < .05 and P < .01, respectively). Micro-computed tomography analysis showed that the bone volume/total volume ratio and trabecular number increased significantly (P < .01) and trabecular separation decreased significantly (P < .05) in the EI group. EI could improve osseointegration in osteoporosis after 12 weeks of implantation by increasing BIC around the implant and by supplying an extra osseointegration surface. Copyright © 2013 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A brief history of the Bioengineering Institute of California and the UC System-wide Symposia.

PubMed

Chien, Shu

2011-04-01

The plan to establish a Multicampus Research Unit (MRU) on Bioengineering in the University of California (UC) System started in August 1999. The cooperative efforts of the UC campuses led to the formal establishment of the Bioengineering Institute of California (BIC) in October 2003. Three years prior to the BIC establishment, the System-wide Annual Bioengineering Symposium was started at UC Davis. The Symposia were then hosted sequentially by UC Santa Barbara, UC Berkeley, UCSD, UC Santa Cruz, UC Irvine, UCSF, UCLA, and UC Riverside, with the completion of the first cycle of a decade in the newest campus of UC Merced in 2009. The second cycle began in 2010 with the Symposium returning again to UC Davis. Each campus hosted a wonderful Symposium, with the active participation of students and faculty from all campuses, with the motto of "Ten campuses united as one, learning and growing together." These Symposia have contributed significantly to the collaborative research and training of students and young scientists in bioengineering, as well as fruitful interactions with industry and government agencies, which have provided strong support for these valuable meetings. The BIC will endeavor to further enhance these efforts by fostering research collaborations and joint education and training activities, with the ultimate goal of advancing bioengineering for the improvement of human health and wellbeing.

Are insertion torque and early osseointegration proportional? A histologic evaluation.

PubMed

Campos, Felipe E B; Jimbo, Ryo; Bonfante, Estevam A; Barbosa, Darceny Z; Oliveira, Maiolino T F; Janal, Malvin N; Coelho, Paulo G

2015-11-01

The objective of this histologic study was to determine the effect of three drilling protocols (oversized, intermediate, and undersized) on biologic responses to a single implant type at early healing periods (2 weeks in vivo) in a beagle dog model. Ten beagle dogs were acquired and subjected to surgeries in the tibia 2 weeks before euthanasia. During surgery, each dog received three Unitite implants, 4 mm in diameter by 10 mm in length, in bone sites drilled to 3.5, 3.75, and 4.0 mm in final diameter. The insertion torque was recorded during surgery, and bone-to-implant contact (BIC), and bone area fraction occupied (BAFO) measured from the histology. Each outcome measure was compared between treatment conditions with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Bonferroni-corrected statistical significance was set to 95%. Insertion torque increased as an inverse function of drilling diameter, as indicated by significant differences in torque levels between each pair of conditions (P = 0.005). BIC and BAFO levels were highest and statistically similar in the recommended and undersized conditions and significantly reduced in the oversized condition (P < 0.01). Reduced drilling dimensions resulted in increased insertion torque (primary stability). While BIC and BAFO were maximized when drilling the recommended diameter hole, only the oversized hole resulted in evidence of statistically reduced integration. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

78 FR 37437 - Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Airplanes

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-21

... 44 U.S.C. 1510. #0; #0;The Code of Federal Regulations is sold by the Superintendent of Documents. #0..., S/N TS- 2212 in table 6 to paragraph (c) of the NPRM. In this final rule, we have specified these part/serial numbers in paragraphs (c), (aa), and (ee) of this AD, and removed table 6 to paragraph (c...

50 CFR 660.333 - Open access non-groundfish trawl fishery-management measures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... engaged in fishing for pink shrimp, ridgeback prawns, California halibut, or sea cucumbers. Trip limits... in the pink shrimp fishery are in Tables 3 (North) and 3 (South) of this subpart. The table also... and Game Code, section 8595, which states: “Prawns or shrimp may be taken for commercial purposes with...

50 CFR 660.333 - Open access non-groundfish trawl fishery-management measures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... engaged in fishing for pink shrimp, ridgeback prawns, California halibut, or sea cucumbers. Trip limits... in the pink shrimp fishery are in Tables 3 (North) and 3 (South) of this subpart. The table also... and Game Code, section 8595, which states: “Prawns or shrimp may be taken for commercial purposes with...

14 CFR 171.311 - Signal format requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... zero state of the data filed represents the lower limit of the absolute range of the coded parameter... transmitted as a “zero” DPSK signal lasting for a six-bit period (see Tables 4a and 4b). Table 4a—Approach... microsecond. T0=Time separation in microseconds between TO and FRO beam centers corresponding to zero degrees...

14 CFR 171.311 - Signal format requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... zero state of the data filed represents the lower limit of the absolute range of the coded parameter... transmitted as a “zero” DPSK signal lasting for a six-bit period (see Tables 4a and 4b). Table 4a—Approach... microsecond. T0=Time separation in microseconds between TO and FRO beam centers corresponding to zero degrees...

14 CFR 171.311 - Signal format requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... zero state of the data filed represents the lower limit of the absolute range of the coded parameter... transmitted as a “zero” DPSK signal lasting for a six-bit period (see Tables 4a and 4b). Table 4a—Approach... microsecond. T0=Time separation in microseconds between TO and FRO beam centers corresponding to zero degrees...

14 CFR 171.311 - Signal format requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... zero state of the data filed represents the lower limit of the absolute range of the coded parameter... transmitted as a “zero” DPSK signal lasting for a six-bit period (see Tables 4a and 4b). Table 4a—Approach... microsecond. T0=Time separation in microseconds between TO and FRO beam centers corresponding to zero degrees...

Application Program Interface for the Orion Aerodynamics Database

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Robinson, Philip E.; Thompson, James

2013-01-01

The Application Programming Interface (API) for the Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) Aerodynamic Database has been developed to provide the developers of software an easily implemented, fully self-contained method of accessing the CEV Aerodynamic Database for use in their analysis and simulation tools. The API is programmed in C and provides a series of functions to interact with the database, such as initialization, selecting various options, and calculating the aerodynamic data. No special functions (file read/write, table lookup) are required on the host system other than those included with a standard ANSI C installation. It reads one or more files of aero data tables. Previous releases of aerodynamic databases for space vehicles have only included data tables and a document of the algorithm and equations to combine them for the total aerodynamic forces and moments. This process required each software tool to have a unique implementation of the database code. Errors or omissions in the documentation, or errors in the implementation, led to a lengthy and burdensome process of having to debug each instance of the code. Additionally, input file formats differ for each space vehicle simulation tool, requiring the aero database tables to be reformatted to meet the tool s input file structure requirements. Finally, the capabilities for built-in table lookup routines vary for each simulation tool. Implementation of a new database may require an update to and verification of the table lookup routines. This may be required if the number of dimensions of a data table exceeds the capability of the simulation tools built-in lookup routines. A single software solution was created to provide an aerodynamics software model that could be integrated into other simulation and analysis tools. The highly complex Orion aerodynamics model can then be quickly included in a wide variety of tools. The API code is written in ANSI C for ease of portability to a wide variety of systems. The input data files are in standard formatted ASCII, also for improved portability. The API contains its own implementation of multidimensional table reading and lookup routines. The same aerodynamics input file can be used without modification on all implementations. The turnaround time from aerodynamics model release to a working implementation is significantly reduced

Table-driven image transformation engine algorithm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shichman, Marc

1993-04-01

A high speed image transformation engine (ITE) was designed and a prototype built for use in a generic electronic light table and image perspective transformation application code. The ITE takes any linear transformation, breaks the transformation into two passes and resamples the image appropriately for each pass. The system performance is achieved by driving the engine with a set of look up tables computed at start up time for the calculation of pixel output contributions. Anti-aliasing is done automatically in the image resampling process. Operations such as multiplications and trigonometric functions are minimized. This algorithm can be used for texture mapping, image perspective transformation, electronic light table, and virtual reality.

45 CFR 162.103 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... definitions apply: Code set means any set of codes used to encode data elements, such as tables of terms... sets inherent to a transaction, and not related to the format of the transaction. Data elements that... information in a transaction. Data set means a semantically meaningful unit of information exchanged between...

45 CFR 162.103 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... definitions apply: Code set means any set of codes used to encode data elements, such as tables of terms... sets inherent to a transaction, and not related to the format of the transaction. Data elements that... information in a transaction. Data set means a semantically meaningful unit of information exchanged between...

45 CFR 162.103 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... definitions apply: Code set means any set of codes used to encode data elements, such as tables of terms... sets inherent to a transaction, and not related to the format of the transaction. Data elements that... information in a transaction. Data set means a semantically meaningful unit of information exchanged between...

Evaluation of Nondestructive Underwater Timber Inspection Techniques

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-08-01

possible to codice their presnce. Figure 1. Characteristics of marine borers. 3 Table 1. Accuracy Requirements for Timber Piles [Nomenclature at end of...Athens GA NAVSEASYSCOM Code OOC-D. Washington. DC: Codk PMS 395 A 3. Washington. DC; Code PMS 395 A2. Wasi~ington. DC; Codic PMS 396.3311 (Rekas), Wash

Limitations of using micro-computed tomography to predict bone-implant contact and mechanical fixation.

PubMed

Liu, S; Broucek, J; Virdi, A S; Sumner, D R

2012-01-01

Fixation of metallic implants to bone through osseointegration is important in orthopaedics and dentistry. Model systems for studying this phenomenon would benefit from a non-destructive imaging modality so that mechanical and morphological endpoints can more readily be examined in the same specimens. The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of an automated microcomputed tomography (μCT) program for predicting bone-implant contact (BIC) and mechanical fixation strength in a rat model. Femurs in which 1.5-mm-diameter titanium implants had been in place for 4 weeks were either embedded in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) for preparation of 1-mm-thick cross-sectional slabs (16 femurs: 32 slabs) or were used for mechanical implant pull-out testing (n= 18 femurs). All samples were scanned by μCT at 70 kVp with 16 μm voxels and assessed by the manufacturer's software for assessing 'osseointegration volume per total volume' (OV/TV). OV/TV measures bone volume per total volume (BV/TV) in a 3-voxel-thick ring that by default excludes the 3 voxels immediately adjacent to the implant to avoid metal-induced artefacts. The plastic-embedded samples were also analysed by backscatter scanning electron microscopy (bSEM) to provide a direct comparison of OV/TV with a well-accepted technique for BIC. In μCT images in which the implant was directly embedded within PMMA, there was a zone of elevated attenuation (>50% of the attenuation value used to segment bone from marrow) which extended 48 μm away from the implant surface. Comparison of the bSEM and μCT images showed high correlations for BV/TV measurements in areas not affected by metal-induced artefacts. In addition for bSEM images, we found that there were high correlations between peri-implant BV/TV within 12 μm of the implant surface and BIC (correlation coefficients ≥0.8, p < 0.05). OV/TV as measured on μCT images was not significantly correlated with BIC as measured on the corresponding bSEM images. However, OV/TV was significantly, but weakly, correlated with implant pull-out strength (r= 0.401, p= 0.049) and energy to failure (r= 0.435, p= 0.035). Thus, the need for the 48-μm-thick exclusion zone in the OV/TV program to avoid metal-induced artefacts with the scanner used in this study means that it is not possible to make bone measurements sufficiently close to the implant surface to obtain an accurate assessment of BIC. Current generation laboratory-based μCT scanners typically have voxel sizes of 6-8 μm or larger which will still not overcome this limitation. Thus, peri-implant bone measurements at these resolutions should only be used as a guide to predict implant fixation and should not be over-interpreted as a measurement of BIC. Newer generation laboratory-based μCT scanners have several improvements including better spatial resolution and X-ray sources and appear to have less severe metal-induced artefacts, but will need appropriate validation as they become available to researchers. Regardless of the μCT scanner being used, we recommend that detailed validation studies be performed for any study using metal implants because variation in the composition and geometry of the particular implants used may lead to different artefact patterns. © 2011 The Authors Journal of Microscopy © 2011 Royal Microscopical Society.

An Analysis of Information Assurance Relating to the Department of Defense Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Passive Network

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-03-01

codes speed up consumer shopping, package shipping, and inventory tracking. RFID offers many advantages over bar codes, as the table below shows...sunlight” (Accenture, 2001, p. 4). Finally, one of the most significant advantages of RFID is the advent of anti-collision. Anti-collision allows an...RFID reader to read and/or write to multiple tags at one time, which is not possible for bar codes. Despite the many advantages RFID over bar codes

39 CFR Appendix A to Part 121 - Tables Depicting Service Standard Day Ranges

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... & USVI Periodicals 1 1-3 1 1-3 1-4 (AK) 11 (JNU) 11 (KTN) 1 (HI) 2 (GU) 1-4 10-11 10 8-10 Standard Mail 2 3 3-4 3-4 14 13 12 Package Services 1 2 2-3 2-3 12 11 11 AK = Alaska 3-digit ZIP Codes 995-997; JNU = Juneau AK 3-digit ZIP Code 998; KTN = Ketchikan AK 3-digit ZIP Code 999; HI = Hawaii 3-digit ZIP Codes...

39 CFR Appendix A to Part 121 - Tables Depicting Service Standard Day Ranges

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... & USVI Periodicals 1 1-3 1 1-3 1-4 (AK) 11 (JNU) 11 (KTN) 1 (HI) 2 (GU) 1-4 10-11 10 8-10 Standard Mail 2 3 3-4 3-4 14 13 12 Package Services 1 2 2-3 2-3 12 11 11 AK = Alaska 3-digit ZIP Codes 995-997; JNU = Juneau AK 3-digit ZIP Code 998; KTN = Ketchikan AK 3-digit ZIP Code 999; HI = Hawaii 3-digit ZIP Codes...

Use of Fluka to Create Dose Calculations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, Kerry T.; Barzilla, Janet; Townsend, Lawrence; Brittingham, John

2012-01-01

Monte Carlo codes provide an effective means of modeling three dimensional radiation transport; however, their use is both time- and resource-intensive. The creation of a lookup table or parameterization from Monte Carlo simulation allows users to perform calculations with Monte Carlo results without replicating lengthy calculations. FLUKA Monte Carlo transport code was used to develop lookup tables and parameterizations for data resulting from the penetration of layers of aluminum, polyethylene, and water with areal densities ranging from 0 to 100 g/cm^2. Heavy charged ion radiation including ions from Z=1 to Z=26 and from 0.1 to 10 GeV/nucleon were simulated. Dose, dose equivalent, and fluence as a function of particle identity, energy, and scattering angle were examined at various depths. Calculations were compared against well-known results and against the results of other deterministic and Monte Carlo codes. Results will be presented.

Telidon Videotex presentation level protocol: Augmented picture description instructions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Obrien, C. D.; Brown, H. G.; Smirle, J. C.; Lum, Y. F.; Kukulka, J. Z.; Kwan, A.

1982-02-01

The Telidon Videotex system is a method by which graphic and textual information and transactional services can be accessed from information sources by the general public. In order to transmit information to a Telidon terminal at a minimum bandwidth, and in a manner independent of the type of communications channel, a coding scheme was devised which permits the encoding of a picture into the geometric drawing elements which compose it. These picture description instructions are an alpha geometric coding model and are based on the primitives of POINT, LINE, ARC, RECTANGLE, POLYGON, and INCREMENT. Text is encoded as (ASCII) characters along with a supplementary table of accents and special characters. A mosaic shape table is included for compatibility. A detailed specification of the coding scheme and a description of the principles which make it independent of communications channel and display hardware are provided.

High-Speed, Low-Cost Workstation for Computation-Intensive Statistics. Phase 1

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-06-20

routine implementation and performance. 5 The two compiled versions given in the table were coded in an attempt to obtain an optimized compiled version...level statistics and linear algebra routines (BSAS and BLAS) that have been prototyped in this study. For each routine, both the C code ( Turbo C...OISTRIBUTION /AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE Unlimited distribution 13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words) High-performance and low-cost

Solutions for Coding Societal Events

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-12-01

develop a prototype system for civil unrest event extraction, and (3) engineer BBN ACCENT (ACCurate Events from Natural Text ) to support broad use by...56 iv List of Tables Table 1: Features in similarity metric. Abbreviations are as follows. TG: text graph...extraction of a stream of events (e.g. protests, attacks, etc.) from unstructured text (e.g. news, social media). This technical report presents results

The Department of Defense Retiree Dental Program.

DTIC Science & Technology

1997-05-01

treatment. An age/sex factor was also developed for orthodontics (Table 13). 76 Table 13 Retiree and Dependent Eligible Population Age Bracket Age...does not cover the more costly dental procedures such as orthodontics , endodontics, periodontics, single crowns, and fixed and removable...program under section 1076a of title 10, United States Code. Orthodontic services, crowns, gold fillings, bridges, complete or partial dentures, and

49 CFR 173.240 - Bulk packaging for certain low hazard solid materials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... this subchapter and the special provisions specified in column 7 of the § 172.101 table. (a) Rail cars... the IBC packaging code specified for the specific hazardous material in Column (7) of the § 172.101... subchapter at the Packing Group performance level as specified in Column (5) of the § 172.101 Table of this...

49 CFR 173.240 - Bulk packaging for certain low hazard solid materials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... this subchapter and the special provisions specified in column 7 of the § 172.101 table. (a) Rail cars... the IBC packaging code specified for the specific hazardous material in Column (7) of the § 172.101... subchapter at the Packing Group performance level as specified in Column (5) of the § 172.101 Table of this...

49 CFR 173.240 - Bulk packaging for certain low hazard solid materials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... this subchapter and the special provisions specified in column 7 of the § 172.101 table. (a) Rail cars... the IBC packaging code specified for the specific hazardous material in Column (7) of the § 172.101... subchapter at the Packing Group performance level as specified in Column (5) of the § 172.101 Table of this...

49 CFR 173.240 - Bulk packaging for certain low hazard solid materials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... this subchapter and the special provisions specified in column 7 of the § 172.101 table. (a) Rail cars... the IBC packaging code specified for the specific hazardous material in Column (7) of the § 172.101... subchapter at the Packing Group performance level as specified in Column (5) of the § 172.101 Table of this...

49 CFR 173.240 - Bulk packaging for certain low hazard solid materials.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... this subchapter and the special provisions specified in column 7 of the § 172.101 table. (a) Rail cars... the IBC packaging code specified for the specific hazardous material in Column (7) of the § 172.101... subchapter at the Packing Group performance level as specified in Column (5) of the § 172.101 Table of this...

[Establishment of a comprehensive database for laryngeal cancer related genes and the miRNAs].

PubMed

Li, Mengjiao; E, Qimin; Liu, Jialin; Huang, Tingting; Liang, Chuanyu

2015-09-01

By collecting and analyzing the laryngeal cancer related genes and the miRNAs, to build a comprehensive laryngeal cancer-related gene database, which differs from the current biological information database with complex and clumsy structure and focuses on the theme of gene and miRNA, and it could make the research and teaching more convenient and efficient. Based on the B/S architecture, using Apache as a Web server, MySQL as coding language of database design and PHP as coding language of web design, a comprehensive database for laryngeal cancer-related genes was established, providing with the gene tables, protein tables, miRNA tables and clinical information tables of the patients with laryngeal cancer. The established database containsed 207 laryngeal cancer related genes, 243 proteins, 26 miRNAs, and their particular information such as mutations, methylations, diversified expressions, and the empirical references of laryngeal cancer relevant molecules. The database could be accessed and operated via the Internet, by which browsing and retrieval of the information were performed. The database were maintained and updated regularly. The database for laryngeal cancer related genes is resource-integrated and user-friendly, providing a genetic information query tool for the study of laryngeal cancer.

FDA-Approved HIV Medicines

MedlinePlus

... bictegravir sodium / emtricitabine / tenofovir alafenamide fumarate, BIC / FTC / TAF) Biktarvy February 7, 2018 darunavir and cobicistat (darunavir ... elvitegravir / cobicistat / emtricitabine / tenofovir alafenamide, EVG / COBI / FTC / TAF) Genvoya November 5, 2015 elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and ...

Bone Tissue Response to Porous and Functionalized Titanium and Silica Based Coatings

PubMed Central

Chaudhari, Amol; Braem, Annabel; Vleugels, Jozef; Martens, Johan A.; Naert, Ignace; Cardoso, Marcio Vivan; Duyck, Joke

2011-01-01

Background Topography and presence of bio-mimetic coatings are known to improve osseointegration. The objective of this study was to evaluate the bone regeneration potential of porous and osteogenic coatings. Methodology Six-implants [Control (CTR); porous titanium coatings (T1, T2); thickened titanium (Ti) dioxide layer (TiO2); Amorphous Microporous Silica (AMS) and Bio-active Glass (BAG)] were implanted randomly in tibiae of 20-New Zealand white rabbits. The animals were sacrificed after 2 or 4 weeks. The samples were analyzed histologically and histomorphometrically. In the initial bone-free areas (bone regeneration areas (BRAs)), the bone area fraction (BAF) was evaluated in the whole cavity (500 µm, BAF-500), in the implant vicinity (100 µm, BAF-100) and further away (100–500 µm, BAF-400) from the implant. Bone-to-implant contact (BIC-BAA) was measured in the areas where the implants were installed in contact to the host bone (bone adaptation areas (BAAs)) to understand and compare the bone adaptation. Mixed models were used for statistical analysis. Principal Findings After 2 weeks, the differences in BAF-500 for different surfaces were not significant (p>0.05). After 4 weeks, a higher BAF-500 was observed for BAG than CTR. BAF-100 for AMS was higher than BAG and BAF-400 for BAG was higher than CTR and AMS. For T1 and AMS, the bone regeneration was faster in the 100-µm compared to the 400-µm zone. BIC-BAA for AMS and BAG was lower after 4 than 2 weeks. After 4 weeks, BIC-BAA for BAG was lower than AMS and CTR. Conclusions BAG is highly osteogenic at a distance from the implant. The porous titanium coatings didn't stimulate bone regeneration but allowed bone growth into the pores. Although AMS didn't stimulate higher bone response, it has a potential of faster bone growth in the vicinity compared to further away from the surface. BIC-BAA data were inconclusive to understand the bone adaptation. PMID:21935382

The Use of Light/Chemically Hardened Polymethylmethacrylate, Polyhydroxylethylmethacrylate, and Calcium Hydroxide Graft Material in Combination With Polyanhydride Around Implants and Extraction Sockets in Minipigs: Part II: Histologic and Micro-CT Evaluations

PubMed Central

Hasturk, Hatice; Kantarci, Alpdogan; Ghattas, Mazen; Dangaria, Smit J.; Abdallah, Rima; Morgan, Elise F.; Diekwisch, Thomas G.H.; Ashman, Arthur; Van Dyke, Thomas

2015-01-01

Background This report is the second part of the previously published study on the impact of light/chemical hardening technology and a newly formulated composite graft material for crestal augmentation during immediate implant placement. Methods A total of 48 implants were placed into the sockets of the mesial roots of freshly extracted mandibular premolar teeth in three minipigs. Crestal areas and intrabony spaces were randomly augmented with light-hardened graft materials including a composite graft consisting of polymethylmethacrylate, polyhydroxylethylmethacrylate, and calcium hydroxide (PPCH) plus polyanhydride (PA); PPCH graft; and PA graft, or left untreated. Distal sockets not receiving implants and the sockets of first molars (n = 60) were randomly treated with one of the graft materials or left empty. In addition, two molar sockets were treated with the original PPCH graft material. Quantitative microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) was used to assess alveolar bone structure and tissue compositions. Histologic evaluations included descriptive histology to assess the peri-implant wound healing, as well as histomorphometric measurements to determine bone-to-implant contact (BIC). Results Both trabecular and cortical bone measurements by micro-CT did not reveal any significant differences among the groups. Sites augmented with PPCH+PA resulted in significantly greater BIC surface than PPCH alone and no-graft-treated implants (P <0.05) histologically. Stained ground sections showed complete bone formation between bone and implant surface in the PPCH+PA group, whereas sites without augmentation showed large gaps between bone and implant surfaces, indicating a slower bone apposition and less BIC surface compared to all other groups. Similar to implant sections, all materials showed positive outcome on trabecular and cortical bone formation in extraction sockets with an intact crestal cortical bone. Conclusion Histologic evaluations supported the previous findings on implant stability and function and confirmed that PPCH+PA provides a greater BIC with a well-organized implant–bone interface and is useful in crestal augmentation during immediate implant placement. PMID:24502615

The use of light/chemically hardened polymethylmethacrylate, polyhydroxylethylmethacrylate, and calcium hydroxide graft material in combination with polyanhydride around implants and extraction sockets in minipigs: Part II: histologic and micro-CT evaluations.

PubMed

Hasturk, Hatice; Kantarci, Alpdogan; Ghattas, Mazen; Dangaria, Smit J; Abdallah, Rima; Morgan, Elise F; Diekwisch, Thomas G H; Ashman, Arthur; Van Dyke, Thomas

2014-09-01

This report is the second part of the previously published study on the impact of light/chemical hardening technology and a newly formulated composite graft material for crestal augmentation during immediate implant placement. A total of 48 implants were placed into the sockets of the mesial roots of freshly extracted mandibular premolar teeth in three minipigs. Crestal areas and intrabony spaces were randomly augmented with light-hardened graft materials including a composite graft consisting of polymethylmethacrylate, polyhydroxylethylmethacrylate, and calcium hydroxide (PPCH) plus polyanhydride (PA); PPCH graft; and PA graft, or left untreated. Distal sockets not receiving implants and the sockets of first molars (n = 60) were randomly treated with one of the graft materials or left empty. In addition, two molar sockets were treated with the original PPCH graft material. Quantitative microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) was used to assess alveolar bone structure and tissue compositions. Histologic evaluations included descriptive histology to assess the peri-implant wound healing, as well as histomorphometric measurements to determine bone-to-implant contact (BIC). Both trabecular and cortical bone measurements by micro-CT did not reveal any significant differences among the groups. Sites augmented with PPCH+PA resulted in significantly greater BIC surface than PPCH alone and no-graft-treated implants (P <0.05) histologically. Stained ground sections showed complete bone formation between bone and implant surface in the PPCH+PA group, whereas sites without augmentation showed large gaps between bone and implant surfaces, indicating a slower bone apposition and less BIC surface compared to all other groups. Similar to implant sections, all materials showed positive outcome on trabecular and cortical bone formation in extraction sockets with an intact crestal cortical bone. Histologic evaluations supported the previous findings on implant stability and function and confirmed that PPCH+PA provides a greater BIC with a well-organized implant-bone interface and is useful in crestal augmentation during immediate implant placement.

Multiple Lookup Table-Based AES Encryption Algorithm Implementation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gong, Jin; Liu, Wenyi; Zhang, Huixin

Anew AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) encryption algorithm implementation was proposed in this paper. It is based on five lookup tables, which are generated from S-box(the substitution table in AES). The obvious advantages are reducing the code-size, improving the implementation efficiency, and helping new learners to understand the AES encryption algorithm and GF(28) multiplication which are necessary to correctly implement AES[1]. This method can be applied on processors with word length 32 or above, FPGA and others. And correspondingly we can implement it by VHDL, Verilog, VB and other languages.

Development and Simulation Studies of a Novel Electromagnetics Code

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-10-20

121 Bibliography 123 LIST OF TABLES xii List of Tables 3.1 The rf photoinjector beam parameters of the BNL 2.856 GHz and the ANL AWA 1.3 GHz guns...examples of field plots. The space-charge fields are numerically computed with the parameters of BNL 2.856 GHz gun. Figure 3.2 shows a 3D plot of Er vs...the BNL 2.856 GHz and the ANL AWA 1.3 GHz guns. The main gun parameters are given in the Table 3.1. The distribution of the bunched beam can be

An Overview of Starfish: A Table-Centric Tool for Interactive Synthesis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tsow, Alex

2008-01-01

Engineering is an interactive process that requires intelligent interaction at many levels. My thesis [1] advances an engineering discipline for high-level synthesis and architectural decomposition that integrates perspicuous representation, designer interaction, and mathematical rigor. Starfish, the software prototype for the design method, implements a table-centric transformation system for reorganizing control-dominated system expressions into high-level architectures. Based on the digital design derivation (DDD) system a designer-guided synthesis technique that applies correctness preserving transformations to synchronous data flow specifications expressed as co- recursive stream equations Starfish enhances user interaction and extends the reachable design space by incorporating four innovations: behavior tables, serialization tables, data refinement, and operator retiming. Behavior tables express systems of co-recursive stream equations as a table of guarded signal updates. Developers and users of the DDD system used manually constructed behavior tables to help them decide which transformations to apply and how to specify them. These design exercises produced several formally constructed hardware implementations: the FM9001 microprocessor, an SECD machine for evaluating LISP, and the SchemEngine, garbage collected machine for interpreting a byte-code representation of compiled Scheme programs. Bose and Tuna, two of DDD s developers, have subsequently commercialized the design derivation methodology at Derivation Systems, Inc. (DSI). DSI has formally derived and validated PCI bus interfaces and a Java byte-code processor; they further executed a contract to prototype SPIDER-NASA's ultra-reliable communications bus. To date, most derivations from DDD and DRS have targeted hardware due to its synchronous design paradigm. However, Starfish expressions are independent of the synchronization mechanism; there is no commitment to hardware or globally broadcast clocks. Though software back-ends for design derivation are limited to the DDD stream-interpreter, targeting synchronous or real-time software is not substantively different from targeting hardware.

40 CFR Table 10 to Part 455 - List of Appropriate Pollution Control Technologies

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Pollution Control Technologies 1 PAI name 2 PAI code 3 Shaughnessy code 4 Structural group 5 Treatment... 42002 EDB Activated Carbon. Vancide TH 004 82901 s-Triazine Activated Carbon. 1,3-Dichloropropene 005... Activated Carbon. Dichlorvos 012 84001 Phosphate Hydrolysis. Landrin-2 013 Carbamate Activated Carbon. 2,3,6...

40 CFR Table 10 to Part 455 - List of Appropriate Pollution Control Technologies

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Pollution Control Technologies 1 PAI name 2 PAI code 3 Shaughnessy code 4 Structural group 5 Treatment... 42002 EDB Activated Carbon. Vancide TH 004 82901 s-Triazine Activated Carbon. 1,3-Dichloropropene 005... Activated Carbon. Dichlorvos 012 84001 Phosphate Hydrolysis. Landrin-2 013 Carbamate Activated Carbon. 2,3,6...

40 CFR Table 10 to Part 455 - List of Appropriate Pollution Control Technologies

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Pollution Control Technologies 1 PAI name 2 PAI code 3 Shaughnessy code 4 Structural group 5 Treatment... 42002 EDB Activated Carbon. Vancide TH 004 82901 s-Triazine Activated Carbon. 1,3-Dichloropropene 005... Activated Carbon. Dichlorvos 012 84001 Phosphate Hydrolysis. Landrin-2 013 Carbamate Activated Carbon. 2,3,6...

New q-ary quantum MDS codes with distances bigger than q/2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

He, Xianmang; Xu, Liqing; Chen, Hao

2016-07-01

The construction of quantum MDS codes has been studied by many authors. We refer to the table in page 1482 of (IEEE Trans Inf Theory 61(3):1474-1484, 2015) for known constructions. However, there have been constructed only a few q-ary quantum MDS [[n,n-2d+2,d

50 CFR Table 15 to Part 679 - Gear Codes, Descriptions, and Use

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., power gurdy TROLL X X 15 X X All other gear types OTH X X ADF&G GEAR CODES Diving 11 X X Dredge 22 X X Dredge, hydro/mechanical 23 X X Fish ladder/raceway 77 X X Fish wheel 08 X X Gillnet, drift 03 X X...

Trellises and Trellis-Based Decoding Algorithms for Linear Block Codes. Part 3; A Recursive Maximum Likelihood Decoding

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lin, Shu; Fossorier, Marc

1998-01-01

The Viterbi algorithm is indeed a very simple and efficient method of implementing the maximum likelihood decoding. However, if we take advantage of the structural properties in a trellis section, other efficient trellis-based decoding algorithms can be devised. Recently, an efficient trellis-based recursive maximum likelihood decoding (RMLD) algorithm for linear block codes has been proposed. This algorithm is more efficient than the conventional Viterbi algorithm in both computation and hardware requirements. Most importantly, the implementation of this algorithm does not require the construction of the entire code trellis, only some special one-section trellises of relatively small state and branch complexities are needed for constructing path (or branch) metric tables recursively. At the end, there is only one table which contains only the most likely code-word and its metric for a given received sequence r = (r(sub 1), r(sub 2),...,r(sub n)). This algorithm basically uses the divide and conquer strategy. Furthermore, it allows parallel/pipeline processing of received sequences to speed up decoding.

Corrigendum to "Misconceptions impairing the validity of the stopping power tables in the SRIM library and suggestions for doing better in the future" [Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 380 (2016) 57-70

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wittmaack, Klaus

2016-12-01

In the Introduction of the above paper I made joint reference to four previous publications containing tables of electronic stopping cross sections. However, not all of the reports are similar in nature, a fact that I missed to clarify; the error also escaped attention of the reviewer. The first three cited sets of tables were prepared in analogy to the SRIM library, using a rather limited number of available experimental data for extrapolation based on an approach that I showed to have no justification. This main subject of my paper is not repeated here. The fourth reference, the ICRU Report 73 [1] is completely different in character. The first part comprises a very valuable overview on stopping power theory as well as on methods to measure energy losses. The second part contains electronic stopping cross sections predicted by the binary-collision code PASS developed by Sigmund and Schinner [2]. The early application of the code [1] was limited to projectile numbers Z1 ⩽ 18 (Ar) and reduced energies E/M1 ⩾ 25 keV/u. More recent work suggests that there is room for a wider range of applications of the PASS code [3].

First Results from HF (High-Frequency) Oblique Backscatter Soundings to the Northwest of College, Alaska Using a Modified ULCAR Digisonde D-256

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-03-01

the D-256: The D-256 vertical sounder has been described in considerable detail by Bibl et al. (1981), but for the sake of completeness, the essential...in Figure 12. 20 Table 3 Status Table for Current Sounder Modes at Sheep Creek 1 VI Z T H X D 7 1 4 (for actual Doppler values, see Table 5.7 in Bibl ...etal, 1981) Azimuth Sequence Code Table 5.9 I oblique ( Bibl ) N P X S U F L V choes have ’EofN 00 3000 2400 1800 1200 600 X 0 polariza ion and Status

Charge disproportionation of mixed-valent Cr triggered by Bi lone-pair effect in the A -site-ordered perovskite BiC u3C r4O12

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Etter, Martin; Isobe, Masahiko; Sakurai, Hiroya; Yaresko, Alexander; Dinnebier, Robert E.; Takagi, Hidenori

2018-05-01

A new A -site-ordered perovskite BiC u3C r4O12 is synthesized under a high pressure of 7.7 GPa. A phase transition from a paramagnetic metal to a ferrimagnetic metal is observed at Tc=190 K accompanied with a structural change from cubic to monoclinic. Structural analysis of the low-temperature monoclinic phase reveals that this transition represents a charge disproportionation of C r3.75 + into C r4 + and C r3.5 + . We argue that the asymmetric displacement of Bi caused by a lone-pair effect triggers the formation of a dimeric Cr4+2O5 unit and leads to an ordering of C r4 + and C r3.5 + below the transition.

Latent class profile of psychiatric symptoms and treatment utilization in a sample of patients with co-occurring disorders.

PubMed

Villalobos-Gallegos, Luis; Marín-Navarrete, Rodrigo; Roncero, Calos; González-Cantú, Hugo

2017-01-01

To identify symptom-based subgroups within a sample of patients with co-occurring disorders (CODs) and to analyze intersubgroup differences in mental health services utilization. Two hundred and fifteen patients with COD from an addiction clinic completed the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised. Subgroups were determined using latent class profile analysis. Services utilization data were collected from electronic records during a 3-year span. The five-class model obtained the best fit (Bayesian information criteria [BIC] = 3,546.95; adjusted BIC = 3,363.14; bootstrapped likelihood ratio test p < 0.0001). Differences between classes were quantitative, and groups were labeled according to severity: mild (26%), mild-moderate (28.8%), moderate (18.6%), moderate-severe (17.2%), and severe (9.3%). A significant time by class interaction was obtained (chi-square [χ2[15

Measurement of stratospheric trace constituent distributions from balloon-borne far infrared observations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abbas, M. M.; Guo, J.; Carli, B.; Mencaraglia, F.; Bonetti, A.

1987-01-01

FIR limb thermal emission spectra obtained from balloon-borne measurements made as a part of the Balloon Intercomparison Campaign (BIC) have been analyzed for retrieval of stratospheric trace-constituent distributions. The measurements were made with a high-resolution Michelson interferometer and covered the 15-180/cm spectral range with an unapodized spectral resolution of 0.0033/cm. The retrieved vertical profiles of O3, H2O, HDO, HCN, CO, and isotopes of O3 are presented. The results are compared with the BIC measurements for O3 and H2O made from the same balloon gondola and with other published data. A comparison of the simultaneously retrieved profiles for several gases with the published data shows good agreement and indicates the validity of the FIR data and retrieval techniques and the accuracy of the inferred profiles.

Bone Healing Around Dental Implants: Simplified vs Conventional Drilling Protocols at Speed of 400 rpm.

PubMed

Gil, Luiz Fernando; Sarendranath, Alvin; Neiva, Rodrigo; Marão, Heloisa F; Tovar, Nick; Bonfante, Estevam A; Janal, Malvin N; Castellano, Arthur; Coelho, Paulo G

This study evaluated whether simplified drilling protocols would provide comparable histologic and histomorphometric results to conventional drilling protocols at a low rotational speed. A total of 48 alumina-blasted and acid-etched Ti-6Al-4V implants with two diameters (3.75 and 4.2 mm, n = 24 per group) were bilaterally placed in the tibiae of 12 dogs, under a low-speed protocol (400 rpm). Within the same diameter group, half of the implants were inserted after a simplified drilling procedure (pilot drill + final diameter drill), and the other half were placed using the conventional drilling procedure. After 3 and 5 weeks, the animals were euthanized, and the retrieved bone-implant samples were subjected to nondecalcified histologic sectioning. Histomorphology, bone-to-implant contact (BIC), and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO) analysis were performed. Histology showed that new bone was formed around implants, and inflammation or bone resorption was not evident for both groups. Histomorphometrically, when all independent variables were collapsed over drilling technique, no differences were detected for BIC and BAFO; when drilling technique was analyzed as a function of time, the conventional groups reached statistically higher BIC and BAFO at 3 weeks, but comparable values between techniques were observed at 5 weeks; 4.2-mm implants obtained statistically higher BAFO relative to 3.75-mm implants. Based on the present methodology, the conventional technique improved bone formation at 3 weeks, and narrower implants were associated with less bone formation.

Can Time of Implant Placement influence Bone Remodeling?

PubMed

Rafael, Caroline F; Passoni, Bernardo; Araúio, Carlos; de Araúio, Maria A; Benfatti, César; Volpato, Claudia

2016-04-01

Since the alveolar process is tissue "dental dependent," after the extraction of the dental element, this process suffers some degree of atrophy during the healing process, which can be reduced with the installation of immediate implants, aiming to maintain the original bone architecture. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the time of implant placement on bone formation around them. Seven dogs were selected and randomly divided into two groups: Group 1, where implants were placed immediately after extraction of two lower premolars without flap elevation, and group 2, where implants were delayed by 4 months after extractions. Each group received 14 implants, and 4 months after the second surgery, the samples were processed and analyzed histomorphometrically. A mean average analysis and the Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05) were performed. The buccal bone-implant contact (BIC) mean average was found larger in immediate implants (42.61%) compared with delayed implants (37.69%). Group 1 had statistically higher outcomes in bone formation and BIC on the buccal bone wall. It was concluded that performing immediate implants with the palatal approach technique and leaving a buccal GAP enables a higher or at least equal rate to BIC and bone area around them, when compared with delayed implants. Actually, the patients and dentists want to do a shorter treatment with satisfactory results, but it is necessary to understand whether different times of implant placement can influence the results and longevity of the treatment.

Improved osseointegration with as-built electron beam melted textured implants and improved peri‑implant bone volume with whole body vibration.

PubMed

Ruppert, David S; Harrysson, Ola L A; Marcellin-Little, Denis J; Dahners, Laurence E; Weinhold, Paul S

2018-06-11

Transcutaneous osseointegrated prostheses provide stable connections to the skeleton while eliminating skin lesions experienced with socket prosthetics. Additive manufacturing can create custom textured implants capable of interfacing with amputees' residual bones. Our objective was to compare osseointegration of textured surface implants made by electron beam melting (EBM), an additive manufacturing process, to machine threaded implants. Whole body vibration was investigated to accelerate osseointegration. Two cohorts of Sprague-Dawley rats received bilateral, titanium implants (EBM vs. threaded) in their tibiae. One cohort comprising five groups vibrated at 45 Hz: 0.0 (control), 0.15, 0.3, 0.6 or 1.2 g was followed for six weeks. Osseointegration was evaluated through torsional testing and bone volume fraction (BV/TV). A second cohort, divided into two groups (control and 0.6 g), was followed for 24 days and evaluated for resonant frequency, bone-implant contact (BIC) and fluorochrome labeling. The EBM textured implants exhibited significantly improved mechanical stability independent of vibration, highlighting the benefits of using EBM to produce custom textured surfaces. Bone formation on and around the EBM textured implants increased compared to machined implants, as seen by BIC and fluorescence. No difference in torque, BIC or fluorescence among vibration levels was detected. BV/TV significantly increased at 0.6 g compared to control for both implant types. Copyright © 2018 IPEM. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Performance profiling for brachytherapy applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Choi, Wonqook; Cho, Kihyeon; Yeo, Insung

2018-05-01

In many physics applications, a significant amount of software (e.g. R, ROOT and Geant4) is developed on novel computing architectures, and much effort is expended to ensure the software is efficient in terms of central processing unit (CPU) time and memory usage. Profiling tools are used during the evaluation process to evaluate the efficiency; however, few such tools are able to accommodate low-energy physics regions. To address this limitation, we developed a low-energy physics profiling system in Geant4 to profile the CPU time and memory of software applications in brachytherapy applications. This paper describes and evaluates specific models that are applied to brachytherapy applications in Geant4, such as QGSP_BIC_LIV, QGSP_BIC_EMZ, and QGSP_BIC_EMY. The physics range in this tool allows it to be used to generate low energy profiles in brachytherapy applications. This was a limitation in previous studies, which caused us to develop a new profiling tool that supports profiling in the MeV range, in contrast to the TeV range that is supported by existing high-energy profiling tools. In order to easily compare the profiling results between low-energy and high-energy modes, we employed the same software architecture as that in the SimpliCarlo tool developed at the Fermilab National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The results show that the newly developed profiling system for low-energy physics (less than MeV) complements the current profiling system used for high-energy physics (greater than TeV) applications.

Effects of Thread Depth in the Neck Area on Peri-Implant Hard and Soft Tissues: An Animal Study.

PubMed

Sun, Shan-Pao; Lee, Dong-Won; Yun, Jeong-Ho; Park, Kwang-Ho; Park, Kwang-Bum; Moon, Ik-Sang

2016-11-01

Implants with deep thread depth have been developed for the purpose of increasing total implant surface area. However, effects of implant thread depth remain controversial. The aim of this study is to examine effects of thread depth on peri-implant tissues in terms of bone-implant contact (BIC), bone-implant volume (BIV), and hard and soft tissue dimensions using comprehensive analyses, including microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). Five beagle dogs received experimental intramandibular implants 3 months after removal of their premolars and first molars (P 2 , P 3 , P 4 , and M 1 ). Two different types of implants were installed in each animal: deep threaded (DT) and shallow threaded (ST). Resonance frequency testing was performed on the day of implantation as well as 4 and 8 weeks after implantation. Intraoral radiography, micro-CT, and histomorphometry were used to evaluate peri-implant tissues 4 and 8 weeks after implantation. There were no significant differences in resonance frequency test results between the two groups. Although radiographic analysis showed no group differences, micro-CT (P = 0.01) and histomorphometry (P = 0.003) revealed the DT group had significantly lower BIC values than the ST group at 4 weeks. However, by 8 weeks, BIC values of the two groups did not differ significantly. No significant differences in BIV or soft tissue height were observed between the two groups at either time point. DT implants showed no benefits over ST implants when inserted in dog mandibles.

Effects of thread size in the implant neck area on peri-implant hard and soft tissues: an animal study.

PubMed

Choi, Jay-Yong; Moon, Ik-Sang; Yun, Jeong-Ho; Park, Kwang-Ho; Huh, Jong-Ki; Lee, Dong-Won

2016-09-01

The aim of this animal study was to examine the effects of thread size in the implant neck area on peri-implant tissues in terms of BIC and hard- and soft-tissue dimensions. Six Beagle dogs received experimental implants in the mandible 3 month after the removal of premolars and first molars (P2, P3, P4, and M1). Two different types of implants were installed in each animal: Anyone microthread(®) as Group 1 and Anyone(®) as Group 2. Resonance frequency test, intraoral radiography, micro-CT, and histomorphometry were used to evaluate peri-implant tissue after implantation periods of 4 and 8 weeks. No remarkable complication was observed during the healing period in either group. Resonance frequency testing revealed no significant difference between groups. In radiographic evaluation, Group 2 showed more bone loss than Group 1. However, this difference was not statistically significant. In the micro-CT analysis, BIC and BIV values and soft-tissue height were not significant in both groups. Histological analysis revealed no significant difference in BIC ratio, bone density, or bone loss between groups. However, soft-tissue height was significantly greater in Group 2 than in Group 1 (P = 0.0004). No difference in peri-implant hard or soft tissues was observed according to thread size in the implant neck area. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sublet, J.-Ch., E-mail: jean-christophe.sublet@ukaea.uk; Eastwood, J.W.; Morgan, J.G.

Fispact-II is a code system and library database for modelling activation-transmutation processes, depletion-burn-up, time dependent inventory and radiation damage source terms caused by nuclear reactions and decays. The Fispact-II code, written in object-style Fortran, follows the evolution of material irradiated by neutrons, alphas, gammas, protons, or deuterons, and provides a wide range of derived radiological output quantities to satisfy most needs for nuclear applications. It can be used with any ENDF-compliant group library data for nuclear reactions, particle-induced and spontaneous fission yields, and radioactive decay (including but not limited to TENDL-2015, ENDF/B-VII.1, JEFF-3.2, JENDL-4.0u, CENDL-3.1 processed into fine-group-structure files, GEFY-5.2more » and UKDD-16), as well as resolved and unresolved resonance range probability tables for self-shielding corrections and updated radiological hazard indices. The code has many novel features including: extension of the energy range up to 1 GeV; additional neutron physics including self-shielding effects, temperature dependence, thin and thick target yields; pathway analysis; and sensitivity and uncertainty quantification and propagation using full covariance data. The latest ENDF libraries such as TENDL encompass thousands of target isotopes. Nuclear data libraries for Fispact-II are prepared from these using processing codes PREPRO, NJOY and CALENDF. These data include resonance parameters, cross sections with covariances, probability tables in the resonance ranges, PKA spectra, kerma, dpa, gas and radionuclide production and energy-dependent fission yields, supplemented with all 27 decay types. All such data for the five most important incident particles are provided in evaluated data tables. The Fispact-II simulation software is described in detail in this paper, together with the nuclear data libraries. The Fispact-II system also includes several utility programs for code-use optimisation, visualisation and production of secondary radiological quantities. Included in the paper are summaries of results from the suite of verification and validation reports available with the code.« less

FISPACT-II: An Advanced Simulation System for Activation, Transmutation and Material Modelling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sublet, J.-Ch.; Eastwood, J. W.; Morgan, J. G.; Gilbert, M. R.; Fleming, M.; Arter, W.

2017-01-01

Fispact-II is a code system and library database for modelling activation-transmutation processes, depletion-burn-up, time dependent inventory and radiation damage source terms caused by nuclear reactions and decays. The Fispact-II code, written in object-style Fortran, follows the evolution of material irradiated by neutrons, alphas, gammas, protons, or deuterons, and provides a wide range of derived radiological output quantities to satisfy most needs for nuclear applications. It can be used with any ENDF-compliant group library data for nuclear reactions, particle-induced and spontaneous fission yields, and radioactive decay (including but not limited to TENDL-2015, ENDF/B-VII.1, JEFF-3.2, JENDL-4.0u, CENDL-3.1 processed into fine-group-structure files, GEFY-5.2 and UKDD-16), as well as resolved and unresolved resonance range probability tables for self-shielding corrections and updated radiological hazard indices. The code has many novel features including: extension of the energy range up to 1 GeV; additional neutron physics including self-shielding effects, temperature dependence, thin and thick target yields; pathway analysis; and sensitivity and uncertainty quantification and propagation using full covariance data. The latest ENDF libraries such as TENDL encompass thousands of target isotopes. Nuclear data libraries for Fispact-II are prepared from these using processing codes PREPRO, NJOY and CALENDF. These data include resonance parameters, cross sections with covariances, probability tables in the resonance ranges, PKA spectra, kerma, dpa, gas and radionuclide production and energy-dependent fission yields, supplemented with all 27 decay types. All such data for the five most important incident particles are provided in evaluated data tables. The Fispact-II simulation software is described in detail in this paper, together with the nuclear data libraries. The Fispact-II system also includes several utility programs for code-use optimisation, visualisation and production of secondary radiological quantities. Included in the paper are summaries of results from the suite of verification and validation reports available with the code.

Alternative Fuels Compatibility with Army Equipment Testing-Effects of JP-8+100 on Military Filtration Equipment

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-02-21

Summary of Proposed Additive Packages for API /IP 1581 4th Edition ...................................... 4 Table 2. Summary of DoD Test Results...15 Table 8. ISO 4406 Cleanliness Codes for the API /IP 1581 5th Edition...Improver WSIM Water Separation Index Measure NSN National Stock Number API American Petroleum Institute DESC Defense Energy Support Center DOE Design of

A bill to amend title 38, United States Code, to update the Service-Disabled Veterans Insurance program to base premium rates on the Commissioners 2001 Standard Ordinary Mortality Table instead of the Commissioners 1941 Standard Ordinary Table of Mortality.

THOMAS, 113th Congress

Sen. Sanders, Bernard [I-VT

2013-10-28

Senate - 10/30/2013 Committee on Veterans' Affairs. Hearings held. Hearings printed: S.Hrg. 113-280. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

PubMed

Trinker, Horst

2011-10-28

We study the distribution of triples of codewords of codes and ordered codes. Schrijver [A. Schrijver, New code upper bounds from the Terwilliger algebra and semidefinite programming, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory 51 (8) (2005) 2859-2866] used the triple distribution of a code to establish a bound on the number of codewords based on semidefinite programming. In the first part of this work, we generalize this approach for ordered codes. In the second part, we consider linear codes and linear ordered codes and present a MacWilliams-type identity for the triple distribution of their dual code. Based on the non-negativity of this linear transform, we establish a linear programming bound and conclude with a table of parameters for which this bound yields better results than the standard linear programming bound.

Integrated system for production of neutronics and photonics calculational constants. Volume 17, Part B, Rev. 1. Program SIGMA 1 (Version 78-1): Doppler broadened evaluated cross sections in the evaluated nuclear data file/Version B (ENDF/B) format. [For CDC-7600

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cullen, D.E.

1978-07-04

The code SIGMA1 Doppler broadens evaluated cross sections in the ENDF/B format. The code can be applied only to data that vary as a linear function of energy and cross section between tabulated points. This report describes the methods used in the code and serves as a user's guide to the code. 6 figures, 2 tables.

Bushveld Igneous Complex, South Africa

NASA Image and Video Library

2013-02-08

The Bushveld Igneous Complex BIC is a large layered igneous intrusion within the earth crust, exposed at the edge of the Transvaal Basin in South Africa. Numerous mines, tailings piles, and leach ponds are shown in blue.

The measurement of boundary layers on a compressor blade in cascade. Volume 2: Data tables

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zierke, William C.; Deutsch, Steven

1989-01-01

Measurements were made of the boundary layers and wakes about a highly loaded, double-circular-arc compressor blade in cascade. These laser Doppler velocimetry measurements have yielded a very detailed and precise data base with which to test the application of viscous computational codes to turbomachinery. In order to test the computational codes at off-design conditions, the data have been acquired at a chord Reynolds number of 500,000 and at three incidence angles. Average values and 95 percent confidence bands were tabularized for the velocity, local turbulence intensity, skewness, kurtosis, and percent backflow. Tables also exist for the blade static-pressure distributions and boundary layer velocity profiles reconstructed to account for the normal pressure gradient.

Integrated circuit test-port architecture and method and apparatus of test-port generation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Teifel, John

A method and apparatus are provided for generating RTL code for a test-port interface of an integrated circuit. In an embodiment, a test-port table is provided as input data. A computer automatically parses the test-port table into data structures and analyzes it to determine input, output, local, and output-enable port names. The computer generates address-detect and test-enable logic constructed from combinational functions. The computer generates one-hot multiplexer logic for at least some of the output ports. The one-hot multiplexer logic for each port is generated so as to enable the port to toggle between data signals and test signals. Themore » computer then completes the generation of the RTL code.« less

Numerical classification of coding sequences

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Collins, D. W.; Liu, C. C.; Jukes, T. H.

1992-01-01

DNA sequences coding for protein may be represented by counts of nucleotides or codons. A complete reading frame may be abbreviated by its base count, e.g. A76C158G121T74, or with the corresponding codon table, e.g. (AAA)0(AAC)1(AAG)9 ... (TTT)0. We propose that these numerical designations be used to augment current methods of sequence annotation. Because base counts and codon tables do not require revision as knowledge of function evolves, they are well-suited to act as cross-references, for example to identify redundant GenBank entries. These descriptors may be compared, in place of DNA sequences, to extract homologous genes from large databases. This approach permits rapid searching with good selectivity.

New Generation of Los Alamos Opacity Tables

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Colgan, James; Kilcrease, D. P.; Magee, N. H.; Sherrill, M. E.; Abdallah, J.; Hakel, P.; Fontes, C. J.; Guzik, J. A.; Mussack, K. A.

2016-05-01

We present a new generation of Los Alamos OPLIB opacity tables that have been computed using the ATOMIC code. Our tables have been calculated for all 30 elements from hydrogen through zinc and are publicly available through our website. In this poster we discuss the details of the calculations that underpin the new opacity tables. We also show several recent applications of the use of our opacity tables to solar modeling and other astrophysical applications. In particular, we demonstrate that use of the new opacities improves the agreement between solar models and helioseismology, but does not fully resolve the long-standing `solar abundance' problem. The Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC5206NA25396.

40 CFR Table 10 to Part 455 - List of Appropriate Pollution Control Technologies

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Technologies 1 PAI name 2 PAI code 3 Shaughnessy code 4 Structural group 5 Treatment technology Dicofol 001... Carbon. Vancide TH 004 82901 s-Triazine Activated Carbon. 1,3-Dichloropropene 005 29001 EDB Hydrolysis... 012 84001 Phosphate Hydrolysis. Landrin-2 013 Carbamate Activated Carbon. 2,3,6-T, S&E or Fenac 014...

46 CFR 12.15-3 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... years the minimum standards of competence for the following 4 areas of basic safety: (1) Personal... first aid as set out in table A-VI/1-3 of the STCW Code. (4) Personal safety and social responsibilities... of competence set out in STCW Regulation III/4 and Section A-III/4 of the STCW Code (incorporated by...

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Comparison of evolutionary tracks (Martins+, 2013)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martins, F.; Palacios, A.

2013-11-01

Tables of evolutionary models for massive stars. The files m*_stol.dat correspond to models computed with the code STAREVOL. The files m*_mesa.dat correspond to models computed with the code MESA. For each code, models with initial masses equal to 7, 9, 15, 20, 25, 40 and 60M⊙ are provided. No rotation is included. The overshooting parameter f is equal to 0.01. The metallicity is solar. (14 data files).

Synchronization Analysis and Simulation of a Standard IEEE 802.11G OFDM Signal

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-03-01

Figure 26 Convolutional Encoder Parameters. Figure 27 Puncturing Parameters. As per Table 3, the required code rate is 3 4r = which requires...to achieve the higher data rates required by the Standard 802.11b was accomplished by using packet binary convolutional coding (PBCC). Essentially...higher data rates are achieved by using convolutional coding combined with BPSK or QPSK modulation. The data is first encoded with a rate one-half

Optimum Vessel Performance in Evolving Nonlinear Wave Fields

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-11-01

TEMPEST , the new, nonlinear, time-domain ship motion code being developed by the Navy. Table of Contents Executive Summary i List of Figures iii...domain ship motion code TEMPEST . The radiation and diffraction forces in the level 3.0 version of TEMPEST will be computed by the body-exact strip theory...nonlinear responses of a ship to a seaway are being incorporated into version 3 of TEMPEST , the new, nonlinear, time-domain ship motion code that

WEC-SIM Validation Testing Plan FY14 Q4.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ruehl, Kelley Michelle

2016-02-01

The WEC-Sim project is currently on track, having met both the SNL and NREL FY14 Milestones, as shown in Table 1 and Table 2. This is also reflected in the Gantt chart uploaded to the WEC-Sim SharePoint site in the FY14 Q4 Deliverables folder. The work completed in FY14 includes code verification through code-to-code comparison (FY14 Q1 and Q2), preliminary code validation through comparison to experimental data (FY14 Q2 and Q3), presentation and publication of the WEC-Sim project at OMAE 2014 [1], [2], [3] and GMREC/METS 2014 [4] (FY14 Q3), WEC-Sim code development and public open-source release (FY14 Q3), andmore » development of a preliminary WEC-Sim validation test plan (FY14 Q4). This report presents the preliminary Validation Testing Plan developed in FY14 Q4. The validation test effort started in FY14 Q4 and will go on through FY15. Thus far the team has developed a device selection method, selected a device, and placed a contract with the testing facility, established several collaborations including industry contacts, and have working ideas on the testing details such as scaling, device design, and test conditions.« less

Nonlinear, nonbinary cyclic group codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Solomon, G.

1992-01-01

New cyclic group codes of length 2(exp m) - 1 over (m - j)-bit symbols are introduced. These codes can be systematically encoded and decoded algebraically. The code rates are very close to Reed-Solomon (RS) codes and are much better than Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes (a former alternative). The binary (m - j)-tuples are identified with a subgroup of the binary m-tuples which represents the field GF(2 exp m). Encoding is systematic and involves a two-stage procedure consisting of the usual linear feedback register (using the division or check polynomial) and a small table lookup. For low rates, a second shift-register encoding operation may be invoked. Decoding uses the RS error-correcting procedures for the m-tuple codes for m = 4, 5, and 6.

Social and Political Event Data to Support Army Requirements: Volume 1

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-11-01

available information . Geographic data at the city level is not enough spatial fidelity for tactical-level analyses. Vi- olent Events Socio-Cultural...analyze and/or visualize the data to produce mission-relevant information . Hand-coded datasets can be more precise, but they require added time and labor...Figure 4. Process to transform event data into mission-relevant information . ................... 35 Tables Table 1. Sources of event data

Implementation of a fast digital optical matrix-vector multiplier using a holographic look-up table and residue arithmetic

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Habiby, Sarry F.; Collins, Stuart A., Jr.

1987-01-01

The design and implementation of a digital (numerical) optical matrix-vector multiplier are presented. A Hughes liquid crystal light valve, the residue arithmetic representation, and a holographic optical memory are used to construct position coded optical look-up tables. All operations are performed in effectively one light valve response time with a potential for a high information density.

Implementation of a fast digital optical matrix-vector multiplier using a holographic look-up table and residue arithmetic.

PubMed

Habiby, S F; Collins, S A

1987-11-01

The design and implementation of a digital (numerical) optical matrix-vector multiplier are presented. A Hughes liquid crystal light valve, the residue arithmetic representation, and a holographic optical memory are used to construct position coded optical look-up tables. All operations are performed in effectively one light valve response time with a potential for a high information density.

Rating Correlations Between Customs Codes and Export Control Lists: Assessing the Needs and Challenges

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chatelus, Renaud; Heine, Pete

Correlation tables are the linchpins between the customs codes used to classify commodities in international trade and the control lists used for strategic trade control (STC) purposes. While understanding the customs classification system can help the STC community better understand strategic trade flows, better identify which trade operations require permits, and more effectively detect illegal exports, the two systems are different in scope, philosophy, content, and objectives. Many indications point to the limitations of these correlation tables, and it is important to understand the nature of the limitations and the complex underlying reasons to conceive possible improvements. As part ofmore » its Strategic Trade and Supply Chain Analytics Initiative, Argonne National Laboratory supported a study of a subset of the European Union’s TARIC correlation table. The study included development of a methodology and an approach to rating the quality and relevance of individual correlations. The study was intended as a first step to engage the STC community in deflections and initiatives to improve the conception and use of correlations, and its conclusions illustrate the scope and complex nature of the challenges to overcome. This paper presents the two classification systems, analyzes the needs for correlation tables and the complex challenges associated with them, summarizes key findings, and proposes possible ways forward.« less

Opacplot2: Enabling tabulated EoS and opacity compatibility for HEDLP simulations with the FLASH code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Laune, Jordan; Tzeferacos, Petros; Feister, Scott; Fatenejad, Milad; Yurchak, Roman; Flocke, Norbert; Weide, Klaus; Lamb, Donald

2017-10-01

Thermodynamic and opacity properties of materials are necessary to accurately simulate laser-driven laboratory experiments. Such data are compiled in tabular format since the thermodynamic range that needs to be covered cannot be described with one single theoretical model. Moreover, tabulated data can be made available prior to runtime, reducing both compute cost and code complexity. This approach is employed by the FLASH code. Equation of state (EoS) and opacity data comes in various formats, matrix-layouts, and file-structures. We discuss recent developments on opacplot2, an open-source Python module that manipulates tabulated EoS and opacity data. We present software that builds upon opacplot2 and enables easy-to-use conversion of different table formats into the IONMIX format, the native tabular input used by FLASH. Our work enables FLASH users to take advantage of a wider range of accurate EoS and opacity tables in simulating HELP experiments at the National Laser User Facilities.

Convection and thermal radiation analytical models applicable to a nuclear waste repository room

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Davis, B.W.

1979-01-17

Time-dependent temperature distributions in a deep geologic nuclear waste repository have a direct impact on the physical integrity of the emplaced canisters and on the design of retrievability options. This report (1) identifies the thermodynamic properties and physical parameters of three convection regimes - forced, natural, and mixed; (2) defines the convection correlations applicable to calculating heat flow in a ventilated (forced-air) and in a nonventilated nuclear waste repository room; and (3) delineates a computer code that (a) computes and compares the floor-to-ceiling heat flow by convection and radiation, and (b) determines the nonlinear equivalent conductivity table for a repositorymore » room. (The tables permit the use of the ADINAT code to model surface-to-surface radiation and the TRUMP code to employ two different emissivity properties when modeling radiation exchange between the surface of two different materials.) The analysis shows that thermal radiation dominates heat flow modes in a nuclear waste repository room.« less

Redetermination of 2-methyl-4-nitro­pyridine N-oxide

PubMed Central

Peukert, Max; Seichter, Wilhelm; Weber, Edwin

2014-01-01

An improved crystal structure of the title compound, C6H6N2O3, is reported. The structure, previously solved [Li et al. (1987 ▶). Jiegou Huaxue (Chin. J. Struct. Chem.), 6, 20–24] in the ortho­rhom­bic space group Pca21 and refined to R = 0.067, has been solved in the ortho­rhom­bic space group Pbcm with data of enhanced quality, giving an improved structure (R = 0.0485). The mol­ecule adopts a planar conformation with all atoms lying on a mirror plane. The crystal structure is composed of mol­ecular sheets extending parallel to the ab plane and connected via C—H⋯O contacts involving ring H atoms and O atoms of the N-oxide and nitro groups, while van der Waals forces consolidate the stacking of the layers. PMID:24826136

RSQRT: AN HEURISTIC FOR ESTIMATING THE NUMBER OF CLUSTERS TO REPORT.

PubMed

Carlis, John; Bruso, Kelsey

2012-03-01

Clustering can be a valuable tool for analyzing large datasets, such as in e-commerce applications. Anyone who clusters must choose how many item clusters, K, to report. Unfortunately, one must guess at K or some related parameter. Elsewhere we introduced a strongly-supported heuristic, RSQRT, which predicts K as a function of the attribute or item count, depending on attribute scales. We conducted a second analysis where we sought confirmation of the heuristic, analyzing data sets from theUCImachine learning benchmark repository. For the 25 studies where sufficient detail was available, we again found strong support. Also, in a side-by-side comparison of 28 studies, RSQRT best-predicted K and the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) predicted K are the same. RSQRT has a lower cost of O(log log n) versus O(n(2)) for BIC, and is more widely applicable. Using RSQRT prospectively could be much better than merely guessing.

RSQRT: AN HEURISTIC FOR ESTIMATING THE NUMBER OF CLUSTERS TO REPORT

PubMed Central

Bruso, Kelsey

2012-01-01

Clustering can be a valuable tool for analyzing large datasets, such as in e-commerce applications. Anyone who clusters must choose how many item clusters, K, to report. Unfortunately, one must guess at K or some related parameter. Elsewhere we introduced a strongly-supported heuristic, RSQRT, which predicts K as a function of the attribute or item count, depending on attribute scales. We conducted a second analysis where we sought confirmation of the heuristic, analyzing data sets from theUCImachine learning benchmark repository. For the 25 studies where sufficient detail was available, we again found strong support. Also, in a side-by-side comparison of 28 studies, RSQRT best-predicted K and the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) predicted K are the same. RSQRT has a lower cost of O(log log n) versus O(n2) for BIC, and is more widely applicable. Using RSQRT prospectively could be much better than merely guessing. PMID:22773923

B-spline parameterization of the dielectric function and information criteria: the craft of non-overfitting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Likhachev, Dmitriy V.

2017-06-01

Johs and Hale developed the Kramers-Kronig consistent B-spline formulation for the dielectric function modeling in spectroscopic ellipsometry data analysis. In this article we use popular Akaike, corrected Akaike and Bayesian Information Criteria (AIC, AICc and BIC, respectively) to determine an optimal number of knots for B-spline model. These criteria allow finding a compromise between under- and overfitting of experimental data since they penalize for increasing number of knots and select representation which achieves the best fit with minimal number of knots. Proposed approach provides objective and practical guidance, as opposite to empirically driven or "gut feeling" decisions, for selecting the right number of knots for B-spline models in spectroscopic ellipsometry. AIC, AICc and BIC selection criteria work remarkably well as we demonstrated in several real-data applications. This approach formalizes selection of the optimal knot number and may be useful in practical perspective of spectroscopic ellipsometry data analysis.

Consistent model identification of varying coefficient quantile regression with BIC tuning parameter selection

PubMed Central

Zheng, Qi; Peng, Limin

2016-01-01

Quantile regression provides a flexible platform for evaluating covariate effects on different segments of the conditional distribution of response. As the effects of covariates may change with quantile level, contemporaneously examining a spectrum of quantiles is expected to have a better capacity to identify variables with either partial or full effects on the response distribution, as compared to focusing on a single quantile. Under this motivation, we study a general adaptively weighted LASSO penalization strategy in the quantile regression setting, where a continuum of quantile index is considered and coefficients are allowed to vary with quantile index. We establish the oracle properties of the resulting estimator of coefficient function. Furthermore, we formally investigate a BIC-type uniform tuning parameter selector and show that it can ensure consistent model selection. Our numerical studies confirm the theoretical findings and illustrate an application of the new variable selection procedure. PMID:28008212

Correlation analysis of air pollutant index levels and dengue cases across five different zones in Selangor, Malaysia.

PubMed

Thiruchelvam, Loshini; Dass, Sarat C; Zaki, Rafdzah; Yahya, Abqariyah; Asirvadam, Vijanth S

2018-05-07

This study investigated the potential relationship between dengue cases and air quality - as measured by the Air Pollution Index (API) for five zones in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. Dengue case patterns can be learned using prediction models based on feedback (lagged terms). However, the question whether air quality affects dengue cases is still not thoroughly investigated based on such feedback models. This work developed dengue prediction models using the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and ARIMA with an exogeneous variable (ARIMAX) time series methodologies with API as the exogeneous variable. The Box Jenkins approach based on maximum likelihood was used for analysis as it gives effective model estimates and prediction. Three stages of model comparison were carried out for each zone: first with ARIMA models without API, then ARIMAX models with API data from the API station for that zone and finally, ARIMAX models with API data from the zone and spatially neighbouring zones. Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) gives goodness-of-fit versus parsimony comparisons between all elicited models. Our study found that ARIMA models, with the lowest BIC value, outperformed the rest in all five zones. The BIC values for the zone of Kuala Selangor were -800.66, -796.22, and -790.5229, respectively, for ARIMA only, ARIMAX with single API component and ARIMAX with API components from its zone and spatially neighbouring zones. Therefore, we concluded that API levels, either temporally for each zone or spatio- temporally based on neighbouring zones, do not have a significant effect on dengue cases.

Characterization of an Sf-rhabdovirus-negative Spodoptera frugiperda cell line as an alternative host for recombinant protein production in the baculovirus-insect cell system.

PubMed

Maghodia, Ajay B; Geisler, Christoph; Jarvis, Donald L

2016-06-01

Cell lines derived from the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf), are widely used as hosts for recombinant protein production in the baculovirus-insect cell system (BICS). However, it was recently discovered that these cell lines are contaminated with a virus, now known as Sf-rhabdovirus [1]. The detection of this adventitious agent raised a potential safety issue that could adversely impact the BICS as a commercial recombinant protein production platform. Thus, we examined the properties of Sf-RVN, an Sf-rhabdovirus-negative Sf cell line, as a potential alternative host. Nested RT-PCR assays showed Sf-RVN cells had no detectable Sf-rhabdovirus over the course of 60 passages in continuous culture. The general properties of Sf-RVN cells, including their average growth rates, diameters, morphologies, and viabilities after baculovirus infection, were virtually identical to those of Sf9 cells. Baculovirus-infected Sf-RVN and Sf9 cells produced equivalent levels of three recombinant proteins, including an intracellular prokaryotic protein and two secreted eukaryotic glycoproteins, and provided similar N-glycosylation patterns. In fact, except for the absence of Sf-rhabdovirus, the only difference between Sf-RVN and Sf9 cells was SF-RVN produced higher levels of infectious baculovirus progeny. These results show Sf-RVN cells can be used as improved, alternative hosts to circumvent the potential safety hazard associated with the use of Sf-rhabdovirus-contaminated Sf cells for recombinant protein manufacturing with the BICS. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Validation of Geant4 fragmentation for Heavy Ion Therapy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bolst, David; Cirrone, Giuseppe A. P.; Cuttone, Giacomo

12C ion therapy has had growing interest in recent years for its excellent dose conformity. However at therapeutic energies, which can be as high as 400 MeV/u, carbon ions produce secondary fragments. For an incident 400 MeV/u 12C ion beam, ~70% of the beam will undergo fragmentation before the Bragg Peak. The dosimetric and radiobiological impact of these fragments must be accurately characterised, as it can result in increasing the risk of secondary cancer for the patient as well as altering the relative biological effectiveness. Here, this work investigates the accuracy of three different nuclear fragmentation models available in themore » Monte Carlo Toolkit Geant4, the Binary Intranuclear Cascade (BIC), the Quantum Molecular Dynamics (QMD) and the Liege Intranuclear Cascade (INCL++). The models were benchmarked against experimental data for a pristine 400 MeV/u 12C beam incident upon a water phantom, including fragment yield, angular and energy distribution. For fragment yields the three alternative models agreed between ~5 and ~35% with experimental measurements, the QMD using the “Frag” option gave the best agreement for lighter fragments but had reduced agreement for larger fragments. For angular distributions INCL++ was seen to provide the best agreement among the models for all elements with the exception of Hydrogen, while BIC and QMD was seen to produce broader distributions compared to experiment. BIC and QMD performed similar to one another for kinetic energy distributions while INCL++ suffered from producing lower energy distributions compared to the other models and experiment.« less

Validation of Geant4 fragmentation for Heavy Ion Therapy

DOE PAGES

Bolst, David; Cirrone, Giuseppe A. P.; Cuttone, Giacomo; ...

2017-07-12

12C ion therapy has had growing interest in recent years for its excellent dose conformity. However at therapeutic energies, which can be as high as 400 MeV/u, carbon ions produce secondary fragments. For an incident 400 MeV/u 12C ion beam, ~70% of the beam will undergo fragmentation before the Bragg Peak. The dosimetric and radiobiological impact of these fragments must be accurately characterised, as it can result in increasing the risk of secondary cancer for the patient as well as altering the relative biological effectiveness. Here, this work investigates the accuracy of three different nuclear fragmentation models available in themore » Monte Carlo Toolkit Geant4, the Binary Intranuclear Cascade (BIC), the Quantum Molecular Dynamics (QMD) and the Liege Intranuclear Cascade (INCL++). The models were benchmarked against experimental data for a pristine 400 MeV/u 12C beam incident upon a water phantom, including fragment yield, angular and energy distribution. For fragment yields the three alternative models agreed between ~5 and ~35% with experimental measurements, the QMD using the “Frag” option gave the best agreement for lighter fragments but had reduced agreement for larger fragments. For angular distributions INCL++ was seen to provide the best agreement among the models for all elements with the exception of Hydrogen, while BIC and QMD was seen to produce broader distributions compared to experiment. BIC and QMD performed similar to one another for kinetic energy distributions while INCL++ suffered from producing lower energy distributions compared to the other models and experiment.« less

The histone lysine demethylase Kdm6b is required for activity-dependent preconditioning of hippocampal neuronal survival

PubMed Central

Wijayatunge, Ranjula; Chen, Liang-Fu; Cha, Young May; Zannas, Anthony S.; Frank, Christopher L.; West, Anne E.

2014-01-01

Enzymes that regulate histone lysine methylation play important roles in neuronal differentiation, but little is known about their contributions to activity-regulated gene transcription in differentiated neurons. We characterized activity-regulated expression of lysine demethylases and lysine methyltransferases in the hippocampus of adult male mice following pilocarpine-induced seizure. Pilocarpine drove a 20-fold increase in mRNA encoding the histone H3 lysine27-specific demethylase Kdm6b selectively in granule neurons of the dentate gyrus, and this induction was recapitulated in cultured hippocampal neurons by bicuculline and 4-aminopyridine (Bic+4AP) stimulation of synaptic activity. Because activity-regulated gene expression is highly correlated with neuronal survival, we tested the requirement for Kdm6b expression in Bic+4AP induced preconditioning of neuronal survival. Prior exposure to Bic+4AP promoted neuronal survival in control neurons upon growth factor withdrawal, however this effect was ablated when we knocked down Kdm6b expression. Loss of Kdm6b did not disrupt activity-induced expression of most genes, including that of a gene set previously established to promote neuronal survival in this assay. However using bioinformatic analysis of RNA sequencing data, we discovered that Kdm6b knockdown neurons showed impaired inducibility of a discrete set of genes annotated for their function in inflammation. These data reveal a novel function for Kdm6b in activity-regulated neuronal survival, and they suggest that activity- and Kdm6b-dependent regulation of inflammatory gene pathways may serve as an adaptive pro-survival response to increased neuronal activity. PMID:24983519

Validation of Geant4 fragmentation for Heavy Ion Therapy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bolst, David; Cirrone, Giuseppe A. P.; Cuttone, Giacomo; Folger, Gunter; Incerti, Sebastien; Ivanchenko, Vladimir; Koi, Tatsumi; Mancusi, Davide; Pandola, Luciano; Romano, Francesco; Rosenfeld, Anatoly B.; Guatelli, Susanna

2017-10-01

12C ion therapy has had growing interest in recent years for its excellent dose conformity. However at therapeutic energies, which can be as high as 400 MeV/u, carbon ions produce secondary fragments. For an incident 400 MeV/u 12C ion beam, ∼ 70 % of the beam will undergo fragmentation before the Bragg Peak. The dosimetric and radiobiological impact of these fragments must be accurately characterised, as it can result in increasing the risk of secondary cancer for the patient as well as altering the relative biological effectiveness. This work investigates the accuracy of three different nuclear fragmentation models available in the Monte Carlo Toolkit Geant4, the Binary Intranuclear Cascade (BIC), the Quantum Molecular Dynamics (QMD) and the Liege Intranuclear Cascade (INCL++). The models were benchmarked against experimental data for a pristine 400 MeV/u 12C beam incident upon a water phantom, including fragment yield, angular and energy distribution. For fragment yields the three alternative models agreed between ∼ 5 and ∼ 35 % with experimental measurements, the QMD using the "Frag" option gave the best agreement for lighter fragments but had reduced agreement for larger fragments. For angular distributions INCL++ was seen to provide the best agreement among the models for all elements with the exception of Hydrogen, while BIC and QMD was seen to produce broader distributions compared to experiment. BIC and QMD performed similar to one another for kinetic energy distributions while INCL++ suffered from producing lower energy distributions compared to the other models and experiment.

Laser-treated stainless steel mini-screw implants: 3D surface roughness, bone-implant contact, and fracture resistance analysis

PubMed Central

Kang, He-Kyong; Chu, Tien-Min; Dechow, Paul; Stewart, Kelton; Kyung, Hee-Moon

2016-01-01

Summary Background/Objectives: This study investigated the biomechanical properties and bone-implant intersurface response of machined and laser surface-treated stainless steel (SS) mini-screw implants (MSIs). Material and Methods: Forty-eight 1.3mm in diameter and 6mm long SS MSIs were divided into two groups. The control (machined surface) group received no surface treatment; the laser-treated group received Nd-YAG laser surface treatment. Half in each group was used for examining surface roughness (Sa and Sq), surface texture, and facture resistance. The remaining MSIs were placed in the maxilla of six skeletally mature male beagle dogs in a randomized split-mouth design. A pair with the same surface treatment was placed on the same side and immediately loaded with 200g nickel–titanium coil springs for 8 weeks. After killing, the bone-implant contact (BIC) for each MSI was calculated using micro computed tomography. Analysis of variance model and two-sample t test were used for statistical analysis with a significance level of P <0.05. Results: The mean values of Sa and Sq were significantly higher in the laser-treated group compared with the machined group (P <0.05). There were no significant differences in fracture resistance and BIC between the two groups. Limitation: animal study Conclusions/Implications: Laser treatment increased surface roughness without compromising fracture resistance. Despite increasing surface roughness, laser treatment did not improve BIC. Overall, it appears that medical grade SS has the potential to be substituted for titanium alloy MSIs. PMID:25908868

Characteristics of contact and distance osteogenesis around modified implant surfaces in rabbit tibiae

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

Purpose Contact and distance osteogenesis occur around all endosseous dental implants. However, the mechanisms underlying these processes have not been fully elucidated. We hypothesized that these processes occur independently of each other. To test this, we used titanium (Ti) tubes to physically separate contact and distance osteogenesis, thus allowing contact osteogenesis to be measured in the absence of possible triggers from distance osteogenesis. Methods Sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) and modified SLA (modSLA) implants were used. Both types had been sandblasted with large grit and then etched with acid. The modSLA implants then underwent additional treatment to increase hydrophilicity. The implants were implanted into rabbit tibiae, and half were implanted within Ti tubes. The bone-to-implant contact (BIC) ratio was calculated for each implant. Immunohistochemical analyses of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 expression and new bone formation (Masson trichrome stain) were performed. Results The implants outside of Ti tubes were associated with good bone formation along the implant surface. Implantation within a Ti tube significantly reduced the BIC ratio (P<0.001). Compared with the modSLA implants, the SLA implants were associated with significantly higher BIC ratios, regardless of the presence or absence of Ti tubes (P=0.043). In the absence of Ti tubes, the bone adjacent to the implant had areas of new bone formation that expressed BMP-2 at high levels. Conclusions This study disproved the null hypothesis and suggested that contact osteogenesis is initiated by signals from the old bone that undergoes distance osteogenesis after drilling. This signal may be BMP-2. PMID:28680714

A search for evidence of solar rotation in Super-Kamiokande solar neutrino dataset

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Desai, Shantanu; Liu, Dawei W.

2016-09-01

We apply the generalized Lomb-Scargle (LS) periodogram, proposed by Zechmeister and Kurster, to the solar neutrino data from Super-Kamiokande (Super-K) using data from its first five years. For each peak in the LS periodogram, we evaluate the statistical significance in two different ways. The first method involves calculating the False Alarm Probability (FAP) using non-parametric bootstrap resampling, and the second method is by calculating the difference in Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) between the null hypothesis, viz. the data contains only noise, compared to the hypothesis that the data contains a peak at a given frequency. Using these methods, we scan the frequency range between 7-14 cycles per year to look for any peaks caused by solar rotation, since this is the proposed explanation for the statistically significant peaks found by Sturrock and collaborators in the Super-K dataset. From our analysis, we do confirm that similar to Sturrock et al, the maximum peak occurs at a frequency of 9.42/year, corresponding to a period of 38.75 days. The FAP for this peak is about 1.5% and the difference in BIC (between pure white noise and this peak) is about 4.8. We note that the significance depends on the frequency band used to search for peaks and hence it is important to use a search band appropriate for solar rotation. However, The significance of this peak based on the value of BIC is marginal and more data is needed to confirm if the peak persists and is real.

Default "Gunel and Dickey" Bayes factors for contingency tables.

PubMed

Jamil, Tahira; Ly, Alexander; Morey, Richard D; Love, Jonathon; Marsman, Maarten; Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan

2017-04-01

The analysis of R×C contingency tables usually features a test for independence between row and column counts. Throughout the social sciences, the adequacy of the independence hypothesis is generally evaluated by the outcome of a classical p-value null-hypothesis significance test. Unfortunately, however, the classical p-value comes with a number of well-documented drawbacks. Here we outline an alternative, Bayes factor method to quantify the evidence for and against the hypothesis of independence in R×C contingency tables. First we describe different sampling models for contingency tables and provide the corresponding default Bayes factors as originally developed by Gunel and Dickey (Biometrika, 61(3):545-557 (1974)). We then illustrate the properties and advantages of a Bayes factor analysis of contingency tables through simulations and practical examples. Computer code is available online and has been incorporated in the "BayesFactor" R package and the JASP program ( jasp-stats.org ).

Osseointegration in osteoporotic-like condition: A systematic review of preclinical studies.

PubMed

Dereka, X; Calciolari, E; Donos, N; Mardas, N

2018-05-30

Osteoporosis is one of the most common skeletal disorders affecting a significant percentage of people worldwide. Research data suggested that systemic diseases such as osteoporosis could act as risk factors for osseointegration, jeopardizing the healing process and thus the predictability of dental implant success on compromised patients. It is well accepted that preclinical studies in animal models reproducing the osteoporotic condition are one of the most important stages in the research of new biomaterials and therapeutic modalities. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate whether osteoporosis compromises dental implant osseointegration in experimental osteoporotic-like conditions. A 3-stage systematic literature research was conducted in MEDLINE via OVID and EMBASE up to and including March 2017. Experimental studies reporting on dental implant osseointegration on different osteoporotic animal models were assessed. The studies had to report on the percentage of bone-to-implant contact (%BIC) as the primary outcome. ARRIVE guidelines for reporting on animal research were applied to evaluate the methodological quality and risk of bias of the studies. Fifty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria and were assessed qualitatively. The most adopted animal model was the rat. A variability of %BIC values was observed, ranging from 30% to 99% and from 26% to 94% for the healthy and osteoporotic group, respectively. The great majority (47) of the included studies concluded that estrogen deficiency significantly affects BIC values, 9 studies stated that it was not possible to observe statistical differences in BIC between ovariectomized and healthy groups and 1 study did not provide a comparison between the healthy and osteoporotic group. Owing to the great heterogeneity in implant surface, study design, observation time-points, site of implant placement and reported outcomes, a meta-analysis could not be performed. An overall high risk of bias was observed, owing to the limited information on animal housing and husbandry, baseline characteristics and health status, ethical statement and allocation to the experimental groups provided. Although the available studies seem to suggest a lower osseointegration in osteoporotic-like conditions, no robust conclusions can be drawn due to the great heterogeneity and overall low quality of the available studies. Future studies with emphasis on minimizing the possible sources of bias and evaluating osseointegration of dental implants placed into jawbones instead of long bones are warranted. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Online Tools for Astronomy and Cosmochemistry

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meyer, B. S.

2005-01-01

Over the past year, the Webnucleo Group at Clemson University has been developing a web site with a number of interactive online tools for astronomy and cosmochemistry applications. The site uses SHP (Simplified Hypertext Preprocessor), which, because of its flexibility, allows us to embed almost any computer language into our web pages. For a description of SHP, please see http://www.joeldenny.com/ At our web site, an internet user may mine large and complex data sets, such as our stellar evolution models, and make graphs or tables of the results. The user may also run some of our detailed nuclear physics and astrophysics codes, such as our nuclear statistical equilibrium code, which is written in fortran and C. Again, the user may make graphs and tables and download the results.

The Development of Visual Interface Enhancements for Player Input to the JTLS (Joint Theater-Level Simulation) Wargame.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-03-01

38 7. STEP 4 - CURRENT VERSION ..................................... 40 8 . STEP 4 - PROTOTYPE...1- 4 respectively. Tables 2, 4 , 6, and 8 are the respective prototype versions of source code. There are several noticeable differences between the...prompt in the scroll area (to make an input). This is distracting and time consuming. 42 IL a- TABLE 8 STEP 4 - PROTOTYPE Ge tNextEvent MouseClick

Knowledge Data Base for Amorphous Metals

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-07-26

not programmatic, updates. Over 100 custom SQL statements that maintain the domain specific data are attached to the workflow entries in a generic...for the form by populating the SQL and run generation tables. Application data may be prepared in different ways for two steps that invoke the same form...run generation mode). There is a single table of SQL commands. Each record has a user-definable ID, the SQL code, and a comment. The run generation

Structured Hierarchical Ada Presentation Using Pictographs (SHARP) definition, Application and Automation

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-09-01

implement a computer program as a function of the Function Point Total. As shown in Table 9, the software product (referred to as SPQR ) establishes the...language being used. Source code statements are defined in SPQR as consisting of executable statements and data definitions. The factors used to calculate... SPQR is a trademark of Software Productivity Research, Inc, 233 TABLE 9 NUMBER OF COMPUTER PROGRAM SOURCE STATEMENTS PER FUNCTION POINT TOTAL

Measuring Operational Resilience Using the CERT(Registered) Resilience Management Model

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-09-01

such as ISO 27002 [ ISO 2005]) and then measure the implementation and performance of practices contained in the standard. This checklist-based ap...Security techniques – Code of practice for information security management. ISO /IEC 27002 :2005, June 2005. Also known as ISO /IEC 17799:2005. [ ISO 2007...Table 23: ISO 15939 Process Activities and Tasks 54 Table 24: CERT-RMM Measurement and Analysis Process Area Goals and Practices 55 CMU/SEI

49 CFR 173.243 - Bulk packaging for certain high hazard liquids and dual hazard materials which pose a moderate...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... provisions specified in column 7 of the § 172.101 table. (a) Rail cars: Class DOT 103, 104, 105, 109, 111...; UN portable tanks and IM 101 and IM 102 portable tanks when a T code is specified in Column (7) of... for the specific hazardous material in Column (7) of the § 172.101 Table of this subchapter and the...

49 CFR 173.243 - Bulk packaging for certain high hazard liquids and dual hazard materials which pose a moderate...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... provisions specified in column 7 of the § 172.101 table. (a) Rail cars: Class DOT 103, 104, 105, 109, 111...; UN portable tanks and IM 101 and IM 102 portable tanks when a T code is specified in Column (7) of... for the specific hazardous material in Column (7) of the § 172.101 Table of this subchapter and the...

49 CFR 173.243 - Bulk packaging for certain high hazard liquids and dual hazard materials which pose a moderate...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... provisions specified in column 7 of the § 172.101 table. (a) Rail cars: Class DOT 103, 104, 105, 109, 111...; UN portable tanks and IM 101 and IM 102 portable tanks when a T code is specified in Column (7) of... for the specific hazardous material in Column (7) of the § 172.101 Table of this subchapter and the...

49 CFR 173.243 - Bulk packaging for certain high hazard liquids and dual hazard materials which pose a moderate...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... provisions specified in column 7 of the § 172.101 table. (a) Rail cars: Class DOT 103, 104, 105, 109, 111...; UN portable tanks and IM 101 and IM 102 portable tanks when a T code is specified in Column (7) of... for the specific hazardous material in Column (7) of the § 172.101 Table of this subchapter and the...

49 CFR 173.243 - Bulk packaging for certain high hazard liquids and dual hazard materials which pose a moderate...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... provisions specified in column 7 of the § 172.101 table. (a) Rail cars: Class DOT 103, 104, 105, 109, 111...; UN portable tanks and IM 101 and IM 102 portable tanks when a T code is specified in Column (7) of... for the specific hazardous material in Column (7) of the § 172.101 Table of this subchapter and the...

Comparison of the performance of the CMS Hierarchical Condition Category (CMS-HCC) risk adjuster with the Charlson and Elixhauser comorbidity measures in predicting mortality.

PubMed

Li, Pengxiang; Kim, Michelle M; Doshi, Jalpa A

2010-08-20

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has implemented the CMS-Hierarchical Condition Category (CMS-HCC) model to risk adjust Medicare capitation payments. This study intends to assess the performance of the CMS-HCC risk adjustment method and to compare it to the Charlson and Elixhauser comorbidity measures in predicting in-hospital and six-month mortality in Medicare beneficiaries. The study used the 2005-2006 Chronic Condition Data Warehouse (CCW) 5% Medicare files. The primary study sample included all community-dwelling fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries with a hospital admission between January 1st, 2006 and June 30th, 2006. Additionally, four disease-specific samples consisting of subgroups of patients with principal diagnoses of congestive heart failure (CHF), stroke, diabetes mellitus (DM), and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were also selected. Four analytic files were generated for each sample by extracting inpatient and/or outpatient claims for each patient. Logistic regressions were used to compare the methods. Model performance was assessed using the c-statistic, the Akaike's information criterion (AIC), the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) and their 95% confidence intervals estimated using bootstrapping. The CMS-HCC had statistically significant higher c-statistic and lower AIC and BIC values than the Charlson and Elixhauser methods in predicting in-hospital and six-month mortality across all samples in analytic files that included claims from the index hospitalization. Exclusion of claims for the index hospitalization generally led to drops in model performance across all methods with the highest drops for the CMS-HCC method. However, the CMS-HCC still performed as well or better than the other two methods. The CMS-HCC method demonstrated better performance relative to the Charlson and Elixhauser methods in predicting in-hospital and six-month mortality. The CMS-HCC model is preferred over the Charlson and Elixhauser methods if information about the patient's diagnoses prior to the index hospitalization is available and used to code the risk adjusters. However, caution should be exercised in studies evaluating inpatient processes of care and where data on pre-index admission diagnoses are unavailable.

Erratum: "A Smaller Radius for the Transiting Exoplanet WASP-10b" (2009, ApJ, 692, L100)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Johnson, John Asher; Winn, Joshua N.; Cabrera, Nicole E.; Carter, Joshua A.

2010-03-01

We have identified an error in our Heliocentric Julian Dates (HJDs) of observation caused by incorrect input to the code used to convert from JD to HJD. The times in Table 1 have been corrected by adding 0.006382 day to each entry in the original Column 1. Similarly, the measured mid-transit time in Table 2 has been changed to Tc = 2454664.037295. We also note that the header in Column 1 of Table 1 is incorrect. The label should read HJD, rather than BJD. The updated Tables 1 and 2 have been included herein. This error has no impact on our main conclusions. We thank Pedro Valdes Sada and Gracjan Maciejewski for pointing out the incorrect mid-transit time.

Metrics and tools for consistent cohort discovery and financial analyses post-transition to ICD-10-CM

PubMed Central

Boyd, Andrew D; ‘John’ Li, Jianrong; Kenost, Colleen; Joese, Binoy; Min Yang, Young; Kalagidis, Olympia A; Zenku, Ilir; Saner, Donald; Bahroos, Neil; Lussier, Yves A

2015-01-01

In the United States, International Classification of Disease Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM, the ninth revision) diagnosis codes are commonly used to identify patient cohorts and to conduct financial analyses related to disease. In October 2015, the healthcare system of the United States will transition to ICD-10-CM (the tenth revision) diagnosis codes. One challenge posed to clinical researchers and other analysts is conducting diagnosis-related queries across datasets containing both coding schemes. Further, healthcare administrators will manage growth, trends, and strategic planning with these dually-coded datasets. The majority of the ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM translations are complex and nonreciprocal, creating convoluted representations and meanings. Similarly, mapping back from ICD-10-CM to ICD-9-CM is equally complex, yet different from mapping forward, as relationships are likewise nonreciprocal. Indeed, 10 of the 21 top clinical categories are complex as 78% of their diagnosis codes are labeled as “convoluted” by our analyses. Analysis and research related to external causes of morbidity, injury, and poisoning will face the greatest challenges due to 41 745 (90%) convolutions and a decrease in the number of codes. We created a web portal tool and translation tables to list all ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes related to the specific input of ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes and their level of complexity: “identity” (reciprocal), “class-to-subclass,” “subclass-to-class,” “convoluted,” or “no mapping.” These tools provide guidance on ambiguous and complex translations to reveal where reports or analyses may be challenging to impossible. Web portal: http://www.lussierlab.org/transition-to-ICD9CM/ Tables annotated with levels of translation complexity: http://www.lussierlab.org/publications/ICD10to9 PMID:25681260

Analysis of a two-dimensional type 6 shock-interference pattern using a perfect-gas code and a real-gas code

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bertin, J. J.; Graumann, B. W.

1973-01-01

Numerical codes were developed to calculate the two dimensional flow field which results when supersonic flow encounters double wedge configurations whose angles are such that a type 4 pattern occurs. The flow field model included the shock interaction phenomena for a delta wing orbiter. Two numerical codes were developed, one which used the perfect gas relations and a second which incorporated a Mollier table to define equilibrium air properties. The two codes were used to generate theoretical surface pressure and heat transfer distributions for velocities from 3,821 feet per second to an entry condition of 25,000 feet per second.

DELPHI: An introduction to output layout and data content

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Smith, C.F.

1994-08-16

DELPHI was the data summary and interpretation code used by gas diagnostics personnel during the period from 1968 through 1986. It was written by Floyd Momyer, and went through several revisions during its period of use. Described here is the final version, which provided the most extensive set of summary tables. Earlier versions of the code lacked some of the capabilities of the final version, but what they did include was of substantially the same format. DELPHI was run against most available input decks in the mid 1980s. Microfiche and hardcopy output were generated. Both now reside in our archives.more » These reruns used modified input decks, which may not have had the proper {open_quotes}trigger{close_quotes} to instruct DELPHI to output some tables. These tables could, therefore be missing from a printout even though the necessary data was present. Also, modifications to DELPHI did, in some instances, eliminate DELPHIs` capability to correctly output some of the earlier optional tables. This monologue is intended to compliment the archived printout, and to provide enough insight so that someone unfamiliar with the techniques of Gas Diagnostics can retrieve the results at some future date. DELPHI last ran on the CDC-7600 machines, and was not converted to run on the Crays when the CDC-7600`s were decommissioned. DELPHI accepted data from various analytical systems, set up data summary tables, and combined preshot tracer and detector data with these results to calculate the total production of measured species and the indicated fission yields and detector conversions.« less

MCNP/X TRANSPORT IN THE TABULAR REGIME

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

HUGHES, H. GRADY

2007-01-08

The authors review the transport capabilities of the MCNP and MCNPX Monte Carlo codes in the energy regimes in which tabular transport data are available. Giving special attention to neutron tables, they emphasize the measures taken to improve the treatment of a variety of difficult aspects of the transport problem, including unresolved resonances, thermal issues, and the availability of suitable cross sections sets. They also briefly touch on the current situation in regard to photon, electron, and proton transport tables.

DYNA3D/ParaDyn Regression Test Suite Inventory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lin, Jerry I.

2016-09-01

The following table constitutes an initial assessment of feature coverage across the regression test suite used for DYNA3D and ParaDyn. It documents the regression test suite at the time of preliminary release 16.1 in September 2016. The columns of the table represent groupings of functionalities, e.g., material models. Each problem in the test suite is represented by a row in the table. All features exercised by the problem are denoted by a check mark (√) in the corresponding column. The definition of “feature” has not been subdivided to its smallest unit of user input, e.g., algorithmic parameters specific to amore » particular type of contact surface. This represents a judgment to provide code developers and users a reasonable impression of feature coverage without expanding the width of the table by several multiples. All regression testing is run in parallel, typically with eight processors, except problems involving features only available in serial mode. Many are strictly regression tests acting as a check that the codes continue to produce adequately repeatable results as development unfolds; compilers change and platforms are replaced. A subset of the tests represents true verification problems that have been checked against analytical or other benchmark solutions. Users are welcomed to submit documented problems for inclusion in the test suite, especially if they are heavily exercising, and dependent upon, features that are currently underrepresented.« less

78 FR 13761 - Designation of One Entity Pursuant to Executive Order 13448

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-28

... branches, of the persons listed in the Annex to E.O. 13448, as well as those persons determined by the..., Burma; No. 1 Ywama Curve, Ba Yint Naung Road, Block (2), Hlaing Township, Yangon, Burma; SWIFT/BIC AYAB...

50 CFR Table 2d to Part 679 - Species Codes-Non-FMP Species

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... GENERAL USE Arctic char (anadromous) 521 Bering flounder (Hippoglossoides robustus) 116 Dolly varden... 680 Wrymouths 211 SHELLFISH Abalone, northern (pinto) 860 CLAMS: Arctic surf 812 Cockle 820 Eastern...

Author Correction: Emission budgets and pathways consistent with limiting warming to 1.5 °C

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Millar, Richard J.; Fuglestvedt, Jan S.; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Rogelj, Joeri; Grubb, Michael J.; Matthews, H. Damon; Skeie, Ragnhild B.; Forster, Piers M.; Frame, David J.; Allen, Myles R.

2018-06-01

In the version of this Article originally published, a coding error resulted in the erroneous inclusion of a subset of RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 simulations in the sets used for RCP2.6 and RCP6, respectively, leading to an incorrect depiction of the data of the latter two sets in Fig. 1b and RCP2.6 in Table 2. This coding error has now been corrected. The graphic and quantitative changes in the corrected Fig. 1b and Table 2 are contrasted with the originally published display items below. The core conclusions of the paper are not affected, but some numerical values and statements have also been updated as a result; these are listed below. All these errors have now been corrected in the online versions of this Article.

Evaluation of CFD to Determine Two-Dimensional Airfoil Characteristics for Rotorcraft Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, Marilyn J.; Wong, Tin-Chee; Potsdam, Mark; Baeder, James; Phanse, Sujeet

2004-01-01

The efficient prediction of helicopter rotor performance, vibratory loads, and aeroelastic properties still relies heavily on the use of comprehensive analysis codes by the rotorcraft industry. These comprehensive codes utilize look-up tables to provide two-dimensional aerodynamic characteristics. Typically these tables are comprised of a combination of wind tunnel data, empirical data and numerical analyses. The potential to rely more heavily on numerical computations based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations has become more of a reality with the advent of faster computers and more sophisticated physical models. The ability of five different CFD codes applied independently to predict the lift, drag and pitching moments of rotor airfoils is examined for the SC1095 airfoil, which is utilized in the UH-60A main rotor. Extensive comparisons with the results of ten wind tunnel tests are performed. These CFD computations are found to be as good as experimental data in predicting many of the aerodynamic performance characteristics. Four turbulence models were examined (Baldwin-Lomax, Spalart-Allmaras, Menter SST, and k-omega).

Standardization of Terminology in Laboratory Medicine II

PubMed Central

Lee, Kap No; Yoon, Jong-Hyun; Min, Won Ki; Lim, Hwan Sub; Song, Junghan; Chae, Seok Lae; Jang, Seongsoo; Ki, Chang-Seok; Bae, Sook Young; Kim, Jang Su; Kwon, Jung-Ah; Lee, Chang Kyu

2008-01-01

Standardization of medical terminology is essential in data transmission between health care institutes and in maximizing the benefits of information technology. The purpose of this study was to standardize medical terms for laboratory observations. During the second year of the study, a standard database of concept names for laboratory terms that covered those used in tertiary health care institutes and reference laboratories was developed. The laboratory terms in the Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes (LOINC) database were adopted and matched with the electronic data interchange (EDI) codes in Korea. A public hearing and a workshop for clinical pathologists were held to collect the opinions of experts. The Korean standard laboratory terminology database containing six axial concept names, components, property, time aspect, system (specimen), scale type, and method type, was established for 29,340 test observations. Short names and mapping tables for EDI codes and UMLS were added. Synonym tables were prepared to help match concept names to common terms used in the fields. We herein described the Korean standard laboratory terminology database for test names, result description terms, and result units encompassing most of the laboratory tests in Korea. PMID:18756062

Code Development in Coupled PARCS/RELAP5 for Supercritical Water Reactor

DOE PAGES

Hu, Po; Wilson, Paul

2014-01-01

The new capability is added to the existing coupled code package PARCS/RELAP5, in order to analyze SCWR design under supercritical pressure with the separated water coolant and moderator channels. This expansion is carried out on both codes. In PARCS, modification is focused on extending the water property tables to supercritical pressure, modifying the variable mapping input file and related code module for processing thermal-hydraulic information from separated coolant/moderator channels, and modifying neutronics feedback module to deal with the separated coolant/moderator channels. In RELAP5, modification is focused on incorporating more accurate water properties near SCWR operation/transient pressure and temperature in themore » code. Confirming tests of the modifications is presented and the major analyzing results from the extended codes package are summarized.« less

Analysis of significant factors for dengue fever incidence prediction.

PubMed

Siriyasatien, Padet; Phumee, Atchara; Ongruk, Phatsavee; Jampachaisri, Katechan; Kesorn, Kraisak

2016-04-16

Many popular dengue forecasting techniques have been used by several researchers to extrapolate dengue incidence rates, including the K-H model, support vector machines (SVM), and artificial neural networks (ANN). The time series analysis methodology, particularly ARIMA and SARIMA, has been increasingly applied to the field of epidemiological research for dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and other infectious diseases. The main drawback of these methods is that they do not consider other variables that are associated with the dependent variable. Additionally, new factors correlated to the disease are needed to enhance the prediction accuracy of the model when it is applied to areas of similar climates, where weather factors such as temperature, total rainfall, and humidity are not substantially different. Such drawbacks may consequently lower the predictive power for the outbreak. The predictive power of the forecasting model-assessed by Akaike's information criterion (AIC), Bayesian information criterion (BIC), and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE)-is improved by including the new parameters for dengue outbreak prediction. This study's selected model outperforms all three other competing models with the lowest AIC, the lowest BIC, and a small MAPE value. The exclusive use of climate factors from similar locations decreases a model's prediction power. The multivariate Poisson regression, however, effectively forecasts even when climate variables are slightly different. Female mosquitoes and seasons were strongly correlated with dengue cases. Therefore, the dengue incidence trends provided by this model will assist the optimization of dengue prevention. The present work demonstrates the important roles of female mosquito infection rates from the previous season and climate factors (represented as seasons) in dengue outbreaks. Incorporating these two factors in the model significantly improves the predictive power of dengue hemorrhagic fever forecasting models, as confirmed by AIC, BIC, and MAPE.

Effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 on bone regeneration and osseointegration of dental implants.

PubMed

Sykaras, N; Triplett, R G; Nunn, M E; Iacopino, A M; Opperman, L A

2001-08-01

Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) induced bone regeneration and osseointegration was evaluated in bony defects created within the hollow chamber of endosseous dental implants in 14 foxhound dogs. Bilateral extractions of mandibular premolars were performed and surgical implantation of 104 hollow cylinder implants followed after 8 weeks of healing. Experimental implants had their hollow chamber filled with 20 microg of rhBMP-2 delivered with a bovine collagen carrier, whereas the control implants had their apical chamber left empty. Dogs were followed for 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Histomorphometric evaluation and immunohistochemical analysis were performed. Minimal bone was regenerated at 2 weeks for both groups. At 4 weeks, bone fill averaged 23.48% for the rhBMP-2 and 5.98% for the control group (P<0.05). At 8 weeks, mean bone fill was 20.94% and 7.75% for the rhBMP-2 and the controls, respectively (P<0.05). At 12 weeks, mean bone fill was 31.39% and 24.31% for the rhBMP-2 and control implants, respectively (P>0.05). Bone-implant contact (BIC) increased for both groups over time and at 8 weeks the rhBMP-2 BIC value was 18.65% and for the control 7.22% (P<0.05). At 12 weeks, the BIC was 43.78% and 21.05% for the rhBMP-2 and the control group, respectively (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining for type II collagen was positive only for parts of the collagen carrier and formation of cartilaginous intermediate was not observed in any of the specimens. The results suggest that, in confined defects adjacent to dental implants, rhBMP-2 can induce bone regeneration in close apposition to the implant surface.

Magnaporthe oryzae Glycine-Rich Secretion Protein, Rbf1 Critically Participates in Pathogenicity through the Focal Formation of the Biotrophic Interfacial Complex

PubMed Central

Ishii-Minami, Naoko; Kawahara, Yoshihiro; Yoshida, Yuri; Okada, Kazunori; Ando, Sugihiro; Matsumura, Hideo; Terauchi, Ryohei; Minami, Eiichi; Nishizawa, Yoko

2016-01-01

Magnaporthe oryzae, the fungus causing rice blast disease, should contend with host innate immunity to develop invasive hyphae (IH) within living host cells. However, molecular strategies to establish the biotrophic interactions are largely unknown. Here, we report the biological function of a M. oryzae-specific gene, R equired-for-Focal- B IC- F ormation 1 (RBF1). RBF1 expression was induced in appressoria and IH only when the fungus was inoculated to living plant tissues. Long-term successive imaging of live cell fluorescence revealed that the expression of RBF1 was upregulated each time the fungus crossed a host cell wall. Like other symplastic effector proteins of the rice blast fungus, Rbf1 accumulated in the biotrophic interfacial complex (BIC) and was translocated into the rice cytoplasm. RBF1-knockout mutants (Δrbf1) were severely deficient in their virulence to rice leaves, but were capable of proliferating in abscisic acid-treated or salicylic acid-deficient rice plants. In rice leaves, Δrbf1 inoculation caused necrosis and induced defense-related gene expression, which led to a higher level of diterpenoid phytoalexin accumulation than the wild-type fungus did. Δrbf1 showed unusual differentiation of IH and dispersal of the normally BIC-focused effectors around the short primary hypha and the first bulbous cell. In the Δrbf1-invaded cells, symplastic effectors were still translocated into rice cells but with a lower efficiency. These data indicate that RBF1 is a virulence gene essential for the focal BIC formation, which is critical for the rice blast fungus to suppress host immune responses. PMID:27711180

Elder American Indian women's knowledge of pelvic floor disorders and barriers to seeking care.

PubMed

Dunivan, Gena C; Komesu, Yuko M; Cichowski, Sara B; Lowery, Christine; Anger, Jennifer T; Rogers, Rebecca G

2015-01-01

The objectives of this study are to evaluate urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse knowledge among elder southwestern American Indian women and to assess barriers to care for pelvic floor disorders through community-engaged research. Our group was invited to provide an educational talk on urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse at an annual meeting of American Indian elders. Female attendees aged 55 years or older anonymously completed demographic information and 2 validated questionnaires, the Prolapse and Incontinence Knowledge Questionnaire (PIKQ) and Barriers to Incontinence Care Seeking Questionnaire (BICS-Q). Questionnaire results were compared with historical controls from the original PIKQ and BICS-Q validation study. One hundred forty-four women completed the questionnaires. The mean age was 77.7 ± 9.1 years. The mean (SD) for PIKQ of urinary incontinence score was 6.6 (3.0) (similar to historic gynecology controls 6.8 [3.3], P = 0.49), and the mean (SD) for PIKQ on pelvic organ prolapse score was 5.4 (2.9) (better than historic gynecology controls 3.6 [3.2], P < 0.01). Barriers to care seeking reported by the elder women were highest on the BICS-Q subscales of "cost" and "inconvenience." Urinary incontinence knowledge is similar to historic gynecology controls, and pelvic organ prolapse knowledge is higher than historic gynecology controls among elder southwestern American Indian women. American Indian elder women report high levels of barriers to care. The greatest barriers to care seeking for this population were related to cost and inconvenience, reflecting the importance of assessing socioeconomic status when investigating barriers to care. Addressing these barriers may enhance care-seeking southwestern American Indian women.

Different bone regeneration patterns in periimplant circumferential gap defects grafted with two types of osteoconductive biomaterial.

PubMed

Lee, Jung-Seok; Sohn, Joo-Yeon; Lim, Hyun-Chang; Jung, Ui-Won; Choi, Seong-Ho

2016-08-01

This study aimed to determine healing patterns in periimplant gap defect grafted with demineralized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and porous titanium granules (PTG), which are known to induce a minimal tissue reaction and to undergo minimal biodegradation in healing process. Experiments were performed using a standardized periimplant gap-defect model in dogs with two observational periods: 4 and 8 weeks. Circumferential defects were surgically induced around dental implants on unilateral mandibles in five dogs, and collagen barrier membranes were placed over the DBBM and PTG grafts at two experimental sites and over a nongrafted site. Four weeks later, the same procedures were performed on the contralateral mandible, and the animals allowed to heal for a further 4 weeks, after which they were sacrificed and their mandibles with graft/control sites harvested for histologic evaluation. Both types of grafted biomaterials significantly enhanced the defect fill with newly formed bone, but the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) was significantly increased only at sites that had been grafted with DBBM. The two experimental sites exhibited different healing patterns, with new bone formation being observed on the surface of the DBBM particles throughout the defect, while there was no de novo bone formation on the PTG surface, but rather appositional bone growth from the base and lateral walls of the defect. It has been suggested that gap-defect filling with DBBM around dental implants may enhance both BIC and defect fill; however, the present findings show that defect grafting with PTG enhances only defect fill and not BIC. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1202-1209, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Influence of family dynamics on burden among family caregivers in aging Japan

PubMed Central

Kusaba, Tesshu; Sato, Kotaro; Fukuma, Shingo; Yamada, Yukari; Matsui, Yoshinori; Matsuda, Satoshi; Ando, Takashi; Sakushima, Ken; Fukuhara, Shunichi

2016-01-01

Background. Long-term care for the elderly is largely shouldered by their family, representing a serious burden in a hyper-aging society. However, although family dynamics are known to play an important role in such care, the influence of caring for the elderly on burden among caregiving family members is poorly understood. Objective. To examine the influence of family dynamics on burden experienced by family caregivers. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study at six primary care clinics, involving 199 caregivers of adult care receivers who need long-term care. Participants were divided into three groups based on tertile of Index of Family Dynamics for Long-term Care (IF-Long score), where higher scores imply poorer relationships between care receivers and caregiving family: best, <2; intermediate, 2 to <5; worst, ≥5. The mean differences in burden index of caregivers (BIC-11) between the three groups were estimated by linear regression model with adjustment for care receiver’s activity of daily living and cognitive function. Results. Mean age of caregivers was 63.2 years (with 40.7% aged ≥ 65 years). BIC-11 scores were higher in the worst IF-Long group (adjusted mean difference: 4.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.2 to 7.5) than in the best IF-Long group. We also detected a positive trend between IF-Long score and BIC-11 score (P-value for trend <0.01). Conclusion. Our findings indicate that family dynamics strongly influences burden experienced by caregiving family members, regardless of the care receiver’s degree of cognitive impairment. These results underscore the importance of evaluating relationships between care receivers and their caregivers when discussing a care regimen for care receivers. PMID:27450988

Incorporating Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-lymphocyte Ratio in Place of Neutrophil Count and Platelet Count Improves Prognostic Accuracy of the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium Model

PubMed Central

Chrom, Pawel; Stec, Rafal; Bodnar, Lubomir; Szczylik, Cezary

2018-01-01

Purpose The study investigated whether a replacement of neutrophil count and platelet count by neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) within the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) model would improve its prognostic accuracy. Materials and Methods This retrospective analysis included consecutive patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The IMDC and modified-IMDC models were compared using: concordance index (CI), bias-corrected concordance index (BCCI), calibration plots, the Grønnesby and Borgan test, Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), generalized R2, Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI), and continuous Net Reclassification Index (cNRI) for individual risk factors and the three risk groups. Results Three hundred and twenty-one patients were eligible for analyses. The modified-IMDC model with NLR value of 3.6 and PLR value of 157 was selected for comparison with the IMDC model. Both models were well calibrated. All other measures favoured the modified-IMDC model over the IMDC model (CI, 0.706 vs. 0.677; BCCI, 0.699 vs. 0.671; BIC, 2,176.2 vs. 2,190.7; generalized R2, 0.238 vs. 0.202; IDI, 0.044; cNRI, 0.279 for individual risk factors; and CI, 0.669 vs. 0.641; BCCI, 0.669 vs. 0.641; BIC, 2,183.2 vs. 2,198.1; generalized R2, 0.163 vs. 0.123; IDI, 0.045; cNRI, 0.165 for the three risk groups). Conclusion Incorporation of NLR and PLR in place of neutrophil count and platelet count improved prognostic accuracy of the IMDC model. These findings require external validation before introducing into clinical practice. PMID:28253564

Incorporating Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-lymphocyte Ratio in Place of Neutrophil Count and Platelet Count Improves Prognostic Accuracy of the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium Model.

PubMed

Chrom, Pawel; Stec, Rafal; Bodnar, Lubomir; Szczylik, Cezary

2018-01-01

The study investigated whether a replacement of neutrophil count and platelet count by neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) within the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) model would improve its prognostic accuracy. This retrospective analysis included consecutive patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The IMDC and modified-IMDC models were compared using: concordance index (CI), bias-corrected concordance index (BCCI), calibration plots, the Grønnesby and Borgan test, Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), generalized R 2 , Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI), and continuous Net Reclassification Index (cNRI) for individual risk factors and the three risk groups. Three hundred and twenty-one patients were eligible for analyses. The modified-IMDC model with NLR value of 3.6 and PLR value of 157 was selected for comparison with the IMDC model. Both models were well calibrated. All other measures favoured the modified-IMDC model over the IMDC model (CI, 0.706 vs. 0.677; BCCI, 0.699 vs. 0.671; BIC, 2,176.2 vs. 2,190.7; generalized R 2 , 0.238 vs. 0.202; IDI, 0.044; cNRI, 0.279 for individual risk factors; and CI, 0.669 vs. 0.641; BCCI, 0.669 vs. 0.641; BIC, 2,183.2 vs. 2,198.1; generalized R 2 , 0.163 vs. 0.123; IDI, 0.045; cNRI, 0.165 for the three risk groups). Incorporation of NLR and PLR in place of neutrophil count and platelet count improved prognostic accuracy of the IMDC model. These findings require external validation before introducing into clinical practice.

Application of seasonal auto-regressive integrated moving average model in forecasting the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Wuhan, China.

PubMed

Peng, Ying; Yu, Bin; Wang, Peng; Kong, De-Guang; Chen, Bang-Hua; Yang, Xiao-Bing

2017-12-01

Outbreaks of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) have occurred many times and caused serious health burden in China since 2008. Application of modern information technology to prediction and early response can be helpful for efficient HFMD prevention and control. A seasonal auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model for time series analysis was designed in this study. Eighty-four-month (from January 2009 to December 2015) retrospective data obtained from the Chinese Information System for Disease Prevention and Control were subjected to ARIMA modeling. The coefficient of determination (R 2 ), normalized Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and Q-test P value were used to evaluate the goodness-of-fit of constructed models. Subsequently, the best-fitted ARIMA model was applied to predict the expected incidence of HFMD from January 2016 to December 2016. The best-fitted seasonal ARIMA model was identified as (1,0,1)(0,1,1) 12 , with the largest coefficient of determination (R 2 =0.743) and lowest normalized BIC (BIC=3.645) value. The residuals of the model also showed non-significant autocorrelations (P Box-Ljung (Q) =0.299). The predictions by the optimum ARIMA model adequately captured the pattern in the data and exhibited two peaks of activity over the forecast interval, including a major peak during April to June, and again a light peak for September to November. The ARIMA model proposed in this study can forecast HFMD incidence trend effectively, which could provide useful support for future HFMD prevention and control in the study area. Besides, further observations should be added continually into the modeling data set, and parameters of the models should be adjusted accordingly.

miR expression in MYC-negative DLBCL/BL with partial trisomy 11 is similar to classical Burkitt lymphoma and different from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

PubMed

Zajdel, Michalina; Rymkiewicz, Grzegorz; Chechlinska, Magdalena; Blachnio, Katarzyna; Pienkowska-Grela, Barbara; Grygalewicz, Beata; Goryca, Krzysztof; Cieslikowska, Maria; Bystydzienski, Zbigniew; Swoboda, Pawel; Walewski, Jan; Siwicki, Jan Konrad

2015-07-01

Fast and reliable differential diagnosis of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) vs. diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is of major importance for therapeutic decisions and patient outcome. Aggressive B cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHLs) that do not belong to the abovementioned entities were categorized by the current WHO lymphoma classification as "B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between DLBCL and BL" (DLBCL/BL). We have recently described a DLBCL/BL subgroup with recurrent chromosome 11q aberrations, resembling BL (B-NHLs[11q]). Here, we analyzed 102 prospectively collected fine needle aspirates from patients with aggressive B-NHLs in order to investigate the potential of microRNA (miR)-155, its precursor BIC, as well as miR-21 and miR-26a to differentiate BL from DLBCL, and from DLBCL/BL that include B-NHLs[11q]. Both BL and DLBCL/BL cases, including B-NHLs[11q], demonstrated significantly lower expression levels of miR-155/BIC, miR-21, and miR-26a compared to primary DLBCL. In conclusion, the miRs expression in B-NHLs[11q] provides a new suggestion, in addition to pathomorphological and clinical similarities between classical, i.e., MYC translocation-positive BL, and B-NHLs[11q], to recognize the B-NHLs[11q] subgroup of DLBCL/BL category as a MYC translocation-negative variant of BL in most cases, and points to the potential utility of miR-155/BIC/miR-21/miR-26a for the differential diagnosis of a heterogeneous category of DLBCL/BL.

Acute sleep deprivation preconditions the heart against ischemia/ reperfusion injury: the role of central GABA-A receptors

PubMed Central

Parsa, Hoda; Imani, Alireza; Faghihi, Mahdieh; Riahi, Esmail; Badavi, Mohammad; Shakoori, Abbas; Rastegar, Tayebeh; Aghajani, Marjan; Rajani, Sulail Fatima

2017-01-01

Objective(s): Central γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission modulates cardiovascular functions and sleep. Acute sleep deprivation (ASD) affects functions of various body organs via different mechanisms. Here, we evaluated the effect of ASD on cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), and studied the role of GABA-A receptor inhibition in central nucleus of amygdala (CeA) by assessing nitric oxide (NO) and oxidative stress. Materials and Methods: The CeA in sixty male Wistar rats was cannulated for saline or bicuculline (GABA-A receptor antagonist) administration. All animals underwent 30 min of coronary occlusion (ischemia), followed by 2 hr reperfusion (IR). The five experimental groups (n=12) included are as follows: IR: received saline; BIC+IR: received Bicuculline; MLP+IR: received saline, followed by the placement of animals in an aquarium with multiple large platforms; ASD+IR: underwent ASD in an aquarium with multiple small platforms; and BIC+ASD+IR: received bicuculline prior to ASD. Results: Bicuculline administration increased the malondialdehyde levels and infarct size, and decreased the NO metabolites levels and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene expression in infarcted and non-infarcted areas in comparison to IR group. ASD reduced malondialdehyde levels and infarct size and increased NO metabolites, corticosterone levels and eNOS expression in infarcted and non-infarcted areas as compared to the IR group. Levels of malondialdehyde were increased while levels of NO metabolites, corticosterone and eNOS expression in infarcted and non-infarcted areas were reduced in the BIC+ASD+IR as compared to the ASD+IR group. Conclusion: Blockade of GABA-A receptors in the CeA abolishes ASD-induced cardioprotection by suppressing oxidative stress and NO production. PMID:29299201

Acute sleep deprivation preconditions the heart against ischemia/ reperfusion injury: the role of central GABA-A receptors.

PubMed

Parsa, Hoda; Imani, Alireza; Faghihi, Mahdieh; Riahi, Esmail; Badavi, Mohammad; Shakoori, Abbas; Rastegar, Tayebeh; Aghajani, Marjan; Rajani, Sulail Fatima

2017-11-01

Central γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission modulates cardiovascular functions and sleep. Acute sleep deprivation (ASD) affects functions of various body organs via different mechanisms. Here, we evaluated the effect of ASD on cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), and studied the role of GABA-A receptor inhibition in central nucleus of amygdala (CeA) by assessing nitric oxide (NO) and oxidative stress. The CeA in sixty male Wistar rats was cannulated for saline or bicuculline (GABA-A receptor antagonist) administration. All animals underwent 30 min of coronary occlusion (ischemia), followed by 2 hr reperfusion (IR). The five experimental groups (n=12) included are as follows: IR: received saline; BIC+IR: received Bicuculline; MLP+IR: received saline, followed by the placement of animals in an aquarium with multiple large platforms; ASD+IR: underwent ASD in an aquarium with multiple small platforms; and BIC+ASD+IR: received bicuculline prior to ASD. Bicuculline administration increased the malondialdehyde levels and infarct size, and decreased the NO metabolites levels and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene expression in infarcted and non-infarcted areas in comparison to IR group. ASD reduced malondialdehyde levels and infarct size and increased NO metabolites, corticosterone levels and eNOS expression in infarcted and non-infarcted areas as compared to the IR group. Levels of malondialdehyde were increased while levels of NO metabolites, corticosterone and eNOS expression in infarcted and non-infarcted areas were reduced in the BIC+ASD+IR as compared to the ASD+IR group. Blockade of GABA-A receptors in the CeA abolishes ASD-induced cardioprotection by suppressing oxidative stress and NO production.

Burden and Depression in Caregivers of Blind Patients in New York State.

PubMed

Braich, Puneet S; Jackson, Matthew; Knohl, Stephen J; Bhoiwala, Devang; Gandham, Sai B; Almeida, David

2016-06-01

To describe the degree of burden of care and the proportion at risk of depression among individuals caring for legally blind patients. We performed a cross-sectional study of 486 individuals providing care to their family members who were legally blind. Best-corrected visual acuity of the better-seeing eye in patients determined group placement: Group 1, 20/200-10/200; group 2, 10/200 to light perception (LP); group 3, no light perception (NLP); group VF, visual field loss to <20 central degrees. Burden was evaluated using the Burden Index of Caregivers (BIC-11) and the prevalence at risk of depression was determined by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Total mean BIC-11 scores ranged from 8.78 ± 4.82 (group 1) to 12.03 ± 5.22 (group 3; p = 0.04). Daily hours spent on close supervision, intensity of caregiving and presence of multiple chronic illnesses in caregivers were the significant covariates affecting BIC-11 scores (p < 0.05). The prevalence of caregivers at risk of depression increased with vision loss from 6.9% (group 1) to 17.9% (group 3; p < 0.05). Female caregivers had an odds ratio (OR) of 2.89 for depression (95% confidence interval, CI, 1.07-3.97; p = 0.04). Caregivers with ≥2 comorbidities had OR 4.24 (95% CI 2.41-6.11) for risk of depression (p < 0.01). Burden of care was highest among caregivers who provided greater hours of supervision. Patients with more limitations in their activities of daily living had caregivers who reported higher burden. Female caregivers and caregivers with multiple chronic illnesses were at higher risk of depression.

In vivo and in vitro investigations of a nanostructured coating material – a preclinical study

PubMed Central

Adam, Martin; Ganz, Cornelia; Xu, Weiguo; Sarajian, Hamid-Reza; Götz, Werner; Gerber, Thomas

2014-01-01

Immediate loading of dental implants is only possible if a firm bone-implant anchorage at early stages is developed. This implies early and high bone apposition onto the implant surface. A nanostructured coating material based on an osseoinductive bone grafting is investigated in relation to the osseointegration at early stages. The goal is to transmit the structure (silica matrix with embedded hydroxyapatite) and the properties of the bone grafting into a coating material. The bone grafting substitute offers an osseoinductive potential caused by an exchange of the silica matrix in vivo accompanied by vascularization. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analysis show that the coating material consists of a high porous silica matrix with embedded nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite with the same morphology as human hydroxyapatite. An in vitro investigation shows the early interaction between coating and human blood. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis showed that the silica matrix was replaced by an organic matrix within a few minutes. Uncoated and coated titanium implants were inserted into the femora of New Zealand White rabbits. The bone-to-implant contact (BIC) was measured after 2, 4, and 6 weeks. The BIC of the coated implants was increased significantly at 2 and 4 weeks. After 6 weeks, the BIC was decreased to the level of the control group. A histological analysis revealed high bone apposition on the coated implant surface after 2 and 4 weeks. Osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities on the coating material indicated that the coating participates in the bone-remodeling process. The nanostructure of the coating material led to an exchange of the silica matrix by an autologous, organic matrix without delamination of the coating. This is the key issue in understanding initial bone formation on a coated surface. PMID:24627631

Influence of Piezosurgery on Bone Healing around Titanium Implants: A Histological Study in Rats.

PubMed

Sirolli, Marcelo; Mafra, Carlos Eduardo Secco; Santos, Rodrigo Albuquerque Basílio Dos; Saraiva, Luciana; Holzhausen, Marinella; César, João Batista

2016-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate histomorphometrically the influence of two techniques of dental implant site preparation on bone healing around titanium implants. Fifteen male Wistar rats (±300 g) were used in the study. Each tibia was randomly assigned to receive the implant site preparation either with a conventional drilling technique (control - DRILL group) or with a piezoelectric device (PIEZO group). The animals were sacrificed after 30 days and then the following histomorphometric parameters were evaluated (percentage) separately for cortical and cancellous regions: proportion of mineralized tissue (PMT) adjacent to implant threads (500 μm adjacent); bone area within the threads (BA) and bone-implant contact (BIC). The results demonstrated that there were no statistically significant differences between both groups for cancellous BIC (p>0.05) and cortical PMT (p>0.05). On the other hand, a higher percentage of BA was observed in the PIEZO group in the cortical (71.50±6.91 and 78.28±4.38 for DRILL and PIEZO groups, respectively; p<0.05) and cancellous regions (9.62±4.06 and 19.94±14.18 for DRILL and PIEZO groups, respectively; p<0.05). The piezosurgery also showed higher PMT values in the cancellous zone (9.35±5.54 and 18.72±13.21 for DRILL and PIEZO groups, respectively; p<0.05). However, the DRILL group presented better results for BIC in cortical region (80.42±10.88 and 70.25±16.93 for DRILL and PIEZO groups, respectively; p<0.05). In conclusion, for the implant site preparation, the piezosurgery was beneficial to bone healing rates in the cancellous bone region, while the drill technique produced better results in the cortical bone.

Class Enumeration and Parameter Recovery of Growth Mixture Modeling and Second-Order Growth Mixture Modeling in the Presence of Measurement Noninvariance between Latent Classes

PubMed Central

Kim, Eun Sook; Wang, Yan

2017-01-01

Population heterogeneity in growth trajectories can be detected with growth mixture modeling (GMM). It is common that researchers compute composite scores of repeated measures and use them as multiple indicators of growth factors (baseline performance and growth) assuming measurement invariance between latent classes. Considering that the assumption of measurement invariance does not always hold, we investigate the impact of measurement noninvariance on class enumeration and parameter recovery in GMM through a Monte Carlo simulation study (Study 1). In Study 2, we examine the class enumeration and parameter recovery of the second-order growth mixture modeling (SOGMM) that incorporates measurement models at the first order level. Thus, SOGMM estimates growth trajectory parameters with reliable sources of variance, that is, common factor variance of repeated measures and allows heterogeneity in measurement parameters between latent classes. The class enumeration rates are examined with information criteria such as AIC, BIC, sample-size adjusted BIC, and hierarchical BIC under various simulation conditions. The results of Study 1 showed that the parameter estimates of baseline performance and growth factor means were biased to the degree of measurement noninvariance even when the correct number of latent classes was extracted. In Study 2, the class enumeration accuracy of SOGMM depended on information criteria, class separation, and sample size. The estimates of baseline performance and growth factor mean differences between classes were generally unbiased but the size of measurement noninvariance was underestimated. Overall, SOGMM is advantageous in that it yields unbiased estimates of growth trajectory parameters and more accurate class enumeration compared to GMM by incorporating measurement models. PMID:28928691

Flexible Method for Inter-object Communication in C++

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Curlett, Brian P.; Gould, Jack J.

1994-01-01

A method has been developed for organizing and sharing large amounts of information between objects in C++ code. This method uses a set of object classes to define variables and group them into tables. The variable tables presented here provide a convenient way of defining and cataloging data, as well as a user-friendly input/output system, a standardized set of access functions, mechanisms for ensuring data integrity, methods for interprocessor data transfer, and an interpretive language for programming relationships between parameters. The object-oriented nature of these variable tables enables the use of multiple data types, each with unique attributes and behavior. Because each variable provides its own access methods, redundant table lookup functions can be bypassed, thus decreasing access times while maintaining data integrity. In addition, a method for automatic reference counting was developed to manage memory safely.

Do children with obesity have worse table manners? Associations between child table manners, weight status and weight gain.

PubMed

Briones, Naomi F; Cesaro, Robert J; Appugliese, Danielle P; Miller, Alison L; Rosenblum, Katherine L; Pesch, Megan H

2018-06-01

Children with obesity experience stigma stemming from stereotypes, one such stereotype is that people with obesity are "sloppy" or have poor manners. Teaching children "proper table manners" has been proposed as an obesity prevention strategy. Little is known about the association between children's weight status and table manners. To examine correlates of child table manners and to examine the association of child table manners with child obese weight status and prospective change in child body mass index z-score (BMIz). Mother-child dyads (N = 228) participated in a videotaped laboratory eating task with cupcakes. Coding schemes to capture child table manners (making crumbs, chewing with mouth open, getting food on face, shoving food in mouth, slouching, and getting out of seat), and maternal attentiveness to child table manners, were reliably applied. Anthropometrics were measured at baseline and at follow-up two years later. Regression analyses examined the association of participant characteristics with child table manners, as well as the associations of child table manners with child obese weight status, and prospective change in BMIz/year. Predictors of poorer child table manners were younger child age, greater cupcake consumption, and greater maternal attentiveness to child table manners. Poorer child table manners were not associated with child obese (vs. not) weight status, but were associated with a prospective decrease in BMIz/year in children with overweight/obesity. Obesity interventions to improve table manners may be perpetuating unfavorable stereotypes and stigma. Future work investigating these associations is warranted to inform childhood obesity guidelines around table manners. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Elegant grapheme-phoneme correspondence: a periodic chart and singularity generalization unify decoding.

PubMed

Gates, Louis

2018-04-01

The accompanying article introduces highly transparent grapheme-phoneme relationships embodied within a Periodic table of decoding cells, which arguably presents the quintessential transparent decoding elements. The study then folds these cells into one highly transparent but simply stated singularity generalization-this generalization unifies the decoding cells (97% transparency). Deeper, the periodic table and singularity generalization together highlight the connectivity of the periodic cells. Moreover, these interrelated cells, coupled with the singularity generalization, clarify teaching targets and enable efficient learning of the letter-sound code. This singularity generalization, in turn, serves as a model for creating unified but easily stated subordinate generalizations for any one of the transparent cells or groups of cells shown within the tables. The article then expands the periodic cells into two tables of teacher-ready sample word lists-one table includes sample words for the basic and phonogram vowel cells, and the other table embraces word samples for the transparent consonant cells. The paper concludes with suggestions for teaching the cellular transparency embedded within reoccurring isolated words and running text to promote decoding automaticity of the periodic cells.

49 CFR 173.242 - Bulk packagings for certain medium hazard liquids and solids, including solids with dual hazards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... provisions specified in column 7 of the § 172.101 table. (a) Rail cars: Class DOT 103, 104, 105, 109, 111... IM 101, IM 102, and UN portable tanks when a T Code is specified in Column (7) of the § 172.101... authorized according to the IBC packaging code specified for the specific hazardous material in Column (7) of...

49 CFR 173.242 - Bulk packagings for certain medium hazard liquids and solids, including solids with dual hazards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... provisions specified in column 7 of the § 172.101 table. (a) Rail cars: Class DOT 103, 104, 105, 109, 111...; Specification IM 101, IM 102, and UN portable tanks when a T Code is specified in Column (7) of the § 172.101... authorized according to the IBC packaging code specified for the specific hazardous material in Column (7) of...

49 CFR 173.242 - Bulk packagings for certain medium hazard liquids and solids, including solids with dual hazards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... provisions specified in column 7 of the § 172.101 table. (a) Rail cars: Class DOT 103, 104, 105, 109, 111... IM 101, IM 102, and UN portable tanks when a T Code is specified in Column (7) of the § 172.101... authorized according to the IBC packaging code specified for the specific hazardous material in Column (7) of...

49 CFR 173.242 - Bulk packagings for certain medium hazard liquids and solids, including solids with dual hazards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... provisions specified in column 7 of the § 172.101 table. (a) Rail cars: Class DOT 103, 104, 105, 109, 111... IM 101, IM 102, and UN portable tanks when a T Code is specified in Column (7) of the § 172.101... authorized according to the IBC packaging code specified for the specific hazardous material in Column (7) of...

49 CFR 173.242 - Bulk packagings for certain medium hazard liquids and solids, including solids with dual hazards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... provisions specified in column 7 of the § 172.101 table. (a) Rail cars: Class DOT 103, 104, 105, 109, 111... IM 101, IM 102, and UN portable tanks when a T Code is specified in Column (7) of the § 172.101... authorized according to the IBC packaging code specified for the specific hazardous material in Column (7) of...

Application of Polarization to the MODIS Aerosol Retrieval Over Land

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Levy, Robert C.; Remer, Lorraine R.; Kaufman, Yoram J.

2004-01-01

Reflectance measurements in the visible and infrared wavelengths, from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), are used to derive aerosol optical thicknesses (AOT) and aerosol properties over land surfaces. The measured spectral reflectance is compared with lookup tables, containing theoretical reflectance calculated by radiative transfer (RT) code. Specifically, this RT code calculates top of the atmosphere (TOA) intensities based on a scalar treatment of radiation, neglecting the effects of polarization. In the red and near infrared (NIR) wavelengths the use of the scalar RT code is of sufficient accuracy to model TOA reflectance. However, in the blue, molecular and aerosol scattering dominate the TOA signal. Here, polarization effects can be large, and should be included in the lookup table derivation. Using a RT code that allows for both vector and scalar calculations, we examine the reflectance differences at the TOA, with and without polarization. We find that the differences in blue channel TOA reflectance (vector - scalar) may reach values of 0.01 or greater, depending on the sun/surface/sensor scattering geometry. Reflectance errors of this magnitude translate to AOT differences of 0.1, which is a very large error, especially when the actual AOT is low. As a result of this study, the next version of aerosol retrieval from MODIS over land will include polarization.

Density-Functional-Theory-Based Equation-of-State Table of Beryllium for Inertial Confinement Fusion Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ding, Y. H.; Hu, S. X.

2017-10-01

Beryllium has been considered a superior ablator material for inertial confinement fusion target designs. Based on density-functional-theory calculations, we have established a wide-range beryllium equation-of-state (EOS) table of density ρ = 0.001 to ρ = 500 g/cm3 and temperature T = 2000 to 108 K. Our first-principles equation-of-state (FPEOS) table is in better agreement with widely used SESAMEEOS table (SESAME2023) than the average-atom INFERNOmodel and the Purgatoriomodel. For the principal Hugoniot, our FPEOS prediction shows 10% stiffer behavior than the last two models at maximum compression. Comparisons between FPEOS and SESAMEfor off-Hugoniot conditions show that both the pressure and internal energy differences are within 20% between two EOS tables. By implementing the FPEOS table into the 1-D radiation-hydrodynamics code LILAC, we studied the EOS effects on beryllium target-shell implosions. The FPEOS simulation predicts up to an 15% higher neutron yield compared to the simulation using the SESAME2023 EOS table. This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration under Award Number DE-NA0001944.

The Diversity ECCM Performance of Frequency-Hopping CPFSK in Partial- Band Noise Jamming

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-05-25

TELEPHONE (Inc€ude Art Code) 22c. OFFICE SYMBOL 1 ar .anoer (919) 549-0641 ARO: EL-S D FORM 1473.6 4 MAR 83 APR edition may be used until exhausted...ASSOCIATES, INC. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... .... ......................... 1 1.1 BACKGROUND ...... ......................... I 1.2...andJ/or Dit Special t -. V 1 atI J. S. LEE ASSOCIATES, INC. -S TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont.) . - Page 2.2 ERROR PROBA3ILITY FORMULATION .5

Atlas/Data Abstract for the United States and Selected Areas, Fiscal Year 1993

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-01-01

and Reports TAN ng N F T P I DTIC AND NTIS IDENTIFICATION NUMBER FOR THIS PUBLICATION IS DIOR/L-03-93. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION...Dakota (ND) 35 86 Ohio (OH) 36 88 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) State/Area Map No. Page Oklahoma (OK) 37 90 Oregon (OR) 38 92 Pennsylvania (PA) 39 94...or Service Code Description Amount 1. LORAL CORP $49,319 Operation/Electronic & Communication Facil $48,741 2. DAY & ZIMMERMANN/ BASIL CORP JV 33,368

Air Force Operational Medicine: Using the Enterprise Estimating Supplies Program to Develop Materiel Solutions for the Thoracic/Vascular Surgery Team (FFGKT)

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-11-10

asset, including combat wounds, non-battle injuries , and illnesses. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) coded patient...patient conditions and the frequency at which they would present. The resulting illness and injury frequencies characterize the expected patient...The scenario is shown in Table 1. Table 1 Thoracic/Vascular Scenario ICD-9 ICD-9 description No. patients 903.9 INJURY ARM VESSEL NOS 2 904.8

31 CFR 203.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... LOAN PROGRAM General Information § 203.2 Definitions. Advice of credit (AOC) means the paper or electronic form depositaries use to summarize and report Federal Tax Deposit (FTD) coupon deposits to the... in its Treasury Investment Program (TIP) main account. Borrower-In-Custody (BIC) collateral means an...

Measuring Language Dominance and Bilingual Proficiency Development of Tarahumara Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Paciotto, Carla

This paper examines the language dominance and oral bilingual proficiency of Tarahumara-Spanish speaking students from Chihuahua, Mexico, within the framework of Cummins' model of bilingual proficiency development. Cummins' model distinguishes between basic interpersonal communicative skills (BICS) and cognitive academic language proficiency…

Model Selection Methods for Mixture Dichotomous IRT Models

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Li, Feiming; Cohen, Allan S.; Kim, Seock-Ho; Cho, Sun-Joo

2009-01-01

This study examines model selection indices for use with dichotomous mixture item response theory (IRT) models. Five indices are considered: Akaike's information coefficient (AIC), Bayesian information coefficient (BIC), deviance information coefficient (DIC), pseudo-Bayes factor (PsBF), and posterior predictive model checks (PPMC). The five…

Maximum likelihood-based analysis of single-molecule photon arrival trajectories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hajdziona, Marta; Molski, Andrzej

2011-02-01

In this work we explore the statistical properties of the maximum likelihood-based analysis of one-color photon arrival trajectories. This approach does not involve binning and, therefore, all of the information contained in an observed photon strajectory is used. We study the accuracy and precision of parameter estimates and the efficiency of the Akaike information criterion and the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) in selecting the true kinetic model. We focus on the low excitation regime where photon trajectories can be modeled as realizations of Markov modulated Poisson processes. The number of observed photons is the key parameter in determining model selection and parameter estimation. For example, the BIC can select the true three-state model from competing two-, three-, and four-state kinetic models even for relatively short trajectories made up of 2 × 103 photons. When the intensity levels are well-separated and 104 photons are observed, the two-state model parameters can be estimated with about 10% precision and those for a three-state model with about 20% precision.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Afzal, Muhammad U., E-mail: muhammad.afzal@mq.edu.au; Esselle, Karu P.

This paper presents a quasi-analytical technique to design a continuous, all-dielectric phase correcting structures (PCSs) for circularly polarized Fabry-Perot resonator antennas (FPRAs). The PCS has been realized by varying the thickness of a rotationally symmetric dielectric block placed above the antenna. A global analytical expression is derived for the PCS thickness profile, which is required to achieve nearly uniform phase distribution at the output of the PCS, despite the non-uniform phase distribution at its input. An alternative piecewise technique based on spline interpolation is also explored to design a PCS. It is shown from both far- and near-field results thatmore » a PCS tremendously improves the radiation performance of the FPRA. These improvements include an increase in peak directivity from 22 to 120 (from 13.4 dBic to 20.8 dBic) and a decrease of 3 dB beamwidth from 41.5° to 15°. The phase-corrected antenna also has a good directivity bandwidth of 1.3 GHz, which is 11% of the center frequency.« less

Stratospheric O3, H2O, and HDO distributions from balloon-based far-infrared observations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abbas, M. M.; Guo, J.; Carli, B.; Mencaraglia, F.; Bonetti, A.

1987-01-01

Limb thermal emission spectra of the earth's stratosphere in the FIR obtained as part of the Balloon Intercomparison Campaign (BIC), have been analyzed for retrieval of trace constituent distributions. The observations analyzed here were made with a balloon-borne high-resolution Michelson interferometer operating in the 20-100/cm region, with an unapodized spectral resolution of 0.0033/cm. In this paper the vertical profiles of O3, H2O, and HDO retrieved from the observed spectra are presented and compared with the results from other BIC experiments. The retrieved profiles are found to be in good agreement with other measurements. The measurement of the HDO profile provides information about the sources of stratospheric water vapor. The variation of the D/H ratio of water vapor is derived from an analysis of HDO and H2O lines observed in the FIR spectra and is compared with the available measurements in the literature.

78 FR 60137 - Shipping and Transportation; Technical, Organizational, and Conforming Amendments

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-30

... INFORMATION: Table of Contents for Preamble I. Abbreviations II. Regulatory History III. Background and... States Code VCDOA Vice Commandant Decision on Appeal II. Regulatory History We did not publish a notice...

46 CFR 12.15-3 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... practical demonstration of skills and abilities, of having achieved or maintained within the previous 5... first aid as set out in table A-VI/1-3 of the STCW Code. (4) Personal safety and social responsibilities...

Novel hybrid drilling protocol: evaluation for the implant healing--thermal changes, crestal bone loss, and bone-to-implant contact.

PubMed

Calvo-Guirado, José Luis; Delgado-Peña, Jorge; Maté-Sánchez, Jose E; Mareque Bueno, Javier; Delgado-Ruiz, Rafael Arcesio; Romanos, Georgios E

2015-07-01

To evaluate a new hybrid drilling protocol, by the analysis of thermal changes in vitro, and their effects in the crestal bone loss and bone-to-implant contact in vivo. Temperature changes during simulated osteotomies with a hybrid drilling technique (biologic plus simplified) (test) versus an incremental drilling technique (control) were investigated. One hundred and twenty random osteotomies were performed (60 by group) in pig ribs up to 3.75-mm-diameter drill to a depth of 10 mm. Thermal changes and time were recorded by paired thermocouples. In a parallel experiment, bilateral mandibular premolars P2, P3, P4, and first molar M1 were extracted from six dogs. After 2-month healing, implant sites were randomly prepared using either of the drilling techniques. Forty eight implants of 3.75 mm diameter and 10 mm length were inserted. The dogs were euthanized at 30 and 90 days, and crestal bone loss (CBL) and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) were evaluated. The control group showed maximum temperatures of 35.3 °C ± 1.8 °C, ΔT of 10.4 °C, and a mean time of 100 s/procedure; meanwhile, the test group showed maximum temperatures of 36.7 °C ± 1.2 °C, ΔT of 8.1 °C, and a mean time of 240 s/procedure. After 30 days, CBL values for both groups (test: 1.168 ± 0.194 mm; control: 1.181 ± 0.113 mm) and BIC values (test: 43 ± 2.8%; control: 45 ± 1.3%) were similar, without significant differences (P > 0.05). After 90 days, CBL (test: 1.173 ± 0.187 mm; control: 1.205 ± 0.122 mm) and BIC (test: 64 ± 3.3%; control: 64 ± 2.4%) values were similar, without significant differences (P > 0.05). The BIC values were increased at 90 days in both groups compared with the 30-day period (P < 0.05). Within the limitations of this study, the new hybrid protocol for the preparation of the implant bed without irrigation, increase the temperature similarly to the incremental conventional protocol, and requires twice the time for the completion of the drilling procedure in vitro. Crestal bone loss and bone-to-implant contact in the hybrid drilling protocol are comparable with the conventional drilling protocol and do not affect the osseointegration process in vivo. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

In vivo evaluation of biofunctionalized implant surfaces with a synthetic peptide (P-15) and its impact on osseointegration. A preclinical animal study.

PubMed

Schmitt, Christian M; Koepple, Markus; Moest, Tobias; Neumann, Konrad; Weisel, Tamara; Schlegel, Karl Andreas

2016-11-01

The overall aim of the study was to investigate a biofunctionalized implant surface with electrochemically deposition of hydroxyapatite and the synthetic peptide (P-15) and its effect on osseointegration. Three modified implant types of ANKYLOS ® C/X implants were used; (1) machined implants used as negative control (M, n = 20), (2) implants with the FRIADENT ® plus surface (grit blasted and acid-etched) used as positive control (P, n = 20), and (3) implants with a biomimetic surface consisting of hydroxyapatite and the synthetic 15 aminoacids containing peptide P-15 (BP, n = 40). The implants were randomly inserted in the mandibles of 10 beagle dogs following 4 months after tooth extraction (P1-P4). Three animals were sacrificed 2 and 7 days after implant insertion, respectively, and four animals were sacrificed 6 months post implant insertion. Bone-to-implant contacts (BICs) were analyzed via histomorphometrical analyses at five different region of interests (ROIs); two at the middle part on either side of the implant (ROI 1/4), two at the apical part of the implant at each side (ROI 2/3), and one at the tip of the implant (ROI 5). All implant surfaces showed a high level of osseointegration and osteoconductivity. The cumulative implant survival rate (CSR) was 93.8%, 100% in the M, 85% in the P, and 95% in the BP group. No statistical difference in BICs at ROI 1/4, 2/3, and 5 could be shown between implant types following 2 and 7 days of healing. BIC values increased in all groups over time. After 6 months of healing the BP group showed superiority in BIC in ROI 2/3 (73.2 ± 15.6%) compared to the P (48.3 ± 10.6%) and M group (66.3 ± 30.2%) with a significant difference between BP and P (P = 0.002). It is hypothesized, that the surface biofunctionalization improves peri-implant bone formation and remodeling, leading to an increased bone-to implant contact. However, within the limitations of the study set-up no benefit in the early phase of osseointegration could be established for dental implants with P-15 containing surface in this study. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Repetition code of 15 qubits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wootton, James R.; Loss, Daniel

2018-05-01

The repetition code is an important primitive for the techniques of quantum error correction. Here we implement repetition codes of at most 15 qubits on the 16 qubit ibmqx3 device. Each experiment is run for a single round of syndrome measurements, achieved using the standard quantum technique of using ancilla qubits and controlled operations. The size of the final syndrome is small enough to allow for lookup table decoding using experimentally obtained data. The results show strong evidence that the logical error rate decays exponentially with code distance, as is expected and required for the development of fault-tolerant quantum computers. The results also give insight into the nature of noise in the device.

The VLSI design of a Reed-Solomon encoder using Berlekamps bit-serial multiplier algorithm

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Truong, T. K.; Deutsch, L. J.; Reed, I. S.; Hsu, I. S.; Wang, K.; Yeh, C. S.

1982-01-01

Realization of a bit-serial multiplication algorithm for the encoding of Reed-Solomon (RS) codes on a single VLSI chip using NMOS technology is demonstrated to be feasible. A dual basis (255, 223) over a Galois field is used. The conventional RS encoder for long codes ofter requires look-up tables to perform the multiplication of two field elements. Berlekamp's algorithm requires only shifting and exclusive-OR operations.

50 CFR Table 2d to Part 679 - Species Codes-Non-FMP Species

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Prowfish 215 Ratfish 714 Rockfish, black (GOA) 142 Rockfish, blue (GOA) 167 Rockfish, dark 173 Sardine... 830 Washington butter 810 Coral 899 Mussel, blue 855 Oyster, Pacific 880 Scallop, weathervane 850...

50 CFR Table 2d to Part 679 - Species Codes-Non-FMP Species

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Prowfish 215 Ratfish 714 Rockfish, black (GOA) 142 Rockfish, blue (GOA) 167 Rockfish, dark 173 Sardine... 830 Washington butter 810 Coral 899 Mussel, blue 855 Oyster, Pacific 880 Scallop, weathervane 850...

75 FR 13236 - FM Table of Allotments, Port Angeles, Washington

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-19

... rule. SUMMARY: The Audio Division grants a rulemaking petition filed by Jodesha Broadcasting, Inc., the..., Assistant Chief, Audio Division, Media Bureau. [FR Doc. 2010-6017 Filed 3-18-10; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6712...

46 CFR 12.05-3 - General requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... assessment of a practical demonstration of skills and abilities, of having achieved or maintained within the...) Elementary first aid as set out in table A-VI/1-3 of the STCW Code. (4) Personal safety and social...

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Spectroscopic survey of youngest field stars II. (Frasca+, 2018)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frasca, A.; Guillout, P.; Klutsch, A.; Freire Ferrero, R.; Marilli, E.; Biazzo, K.; Gandolfi, D.; Montes, D.

2018-01-01

Radial velocity (RV) and projected rotational velocity (vsini) of the single stars and SB1 systems are quoted in Table A1 along with the V magnitude and B-V color index. The vsini values measured from the full width at half maximum of the of the cross-correlation function (CCF) and by means of the code ROTFIT are both listed in Table A1. Table A2 and A3 report RV and vsini from the CCF for the components of SB2 and triple (SB3) systems, respectively. Table A4 reports, for the single stars and SB1 systems, the spectral type, atmospheric parameters (Teff, logg, and [Fe/H]), the equivalent width of the lithium 6708-A line (corrected for the FeI blends) and the net equivalent width of Hα line, measured after the subtraction of the inactive photospheric template. (4 data files).

The elements of life and medicines

PubMed Central

Chellan, Prinessa; Sadler, Peter J

2015-01-01

Which elements are essential for human life? Here we make an element-by-element journey through the periodic table and attempt to assess whether elements are essential or not, and if they are, whether there is a relevant code for them in the human genome. There are many difficulties such as the human biochemistry of several so-called essential elements is not well understood, and it is not clear how we should classify elements that are involved in the destruction of invading microorganisms, or elements which are essential for microorganisms with which we live in symbiosis. In general, genes do not code for the elements themselves, but for specific chemical species, i.e. for the element, its oxidation state, type and number of coordinated ligands, and the coordination geometry. Today, the biological periodic table is in a position somewhat similar to Mendeleev's chemical periodic table of 1869: there are gaps and we need to do more research to fill them. The periodic table also offers potential for novel therapeutic and diagnostic agents, based on not only essential elements, but also non-essential elements, and on radionuclides. Although the potential for inorganic chemistry in medicine was realized more than 2000 years ago, this area of research is still in its infancy. Future advances in the design of inorganic drugs require more knowledge of their mechanism of action, including target sites and metabolism. Temporal speciation of elements in their biological environments at the atomic level is a major challenge, for which new methods are urgently needed. PMID:25666066

The elements of life and medicines.

PubMed

Chellan, Prinessa; Sadler, Peter J

2015-03-13

Which elements are essential for human life? Here we make an element-by-element journey through the periodic table and attempt to assess whether elements are essential or not, and if they are, whether there is a relevant code for them in the human genome. There are many difficulties such as the human biochemistry of several so-called essential elements is not well understood, and it is not clear how we should classify elements that are involved in the destruction of invading microorganisms, or elements which are essential for microorganisms with which we live in symbiosis. In general, genes do not code for the elements themselves, but for specific chemical species, i.e. for the element, its oxidation state, type and number of coordinated ligands, and the coordination geometry. Today, the biological periodic table is in a position somewhat similar to Mendeleev's chemical periodic table of 1869: there are gaps and we need to do more research to fill them. The periodic table also offers potential for novel therapeutic and diagnostic agents, based on not only essential elements, but also non-essential elements, and on radionuclides. Although the potential for inorganic chemistry in medicine was realized more than 2000 years ago, this area of research is still in its infancy. Future advances in the design of inorganic drugs require more knowledge of their mechanism of action, including target sites and metabolism. Temporal speciation of elements in their biological environments at the atomic level is a major challenge, for which new methods are urgently needed.

Designing a framework of intelligent information processing for dentistry administration data.

PubMed

Amiri, N; Matthews, D C; Gao, Q

2005-07-01

This study was designed to test a cumulative view of current data in the clinical database at the Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University. We planned to examine associations among demographic factors and treatments. Three tables were selected from the database of the faculty: patient, treatment and procedures. All fields and record numbers in each table were documented. Data was explored using SQL server and Visual Basic and then cleaned by removing incongruent fields. After transformation, a data warehouse was created. This was imported to SQL analysis services manager to create an OLAP (Online Analytic Process) cube. The multidimensional model used for access to data was created using a star schema. Treatment count was the measurement variable. Five dimensions--date, postal code, gender, age group and treatment categories--were used to detect associations. Another data warehouse of 8 tables (international tooth code # 1-8) was created and imported to SAS enterprise miner to complete data mining. Association nodes were used for each table to find sequential associations and minimum criteria were set to 2% of cases. Findings of this study confirmed most assumptions of treatment planning procedures. There were some small unexpected patterns of clinical interest. Further developments are recommended to create predictive models. Recent improvements in information technology offer numerous advantages for conversion of raw data from faculty databases to information and subsequently to knowledge. This knowledge can be used by decision makers, managers, and researchers to answer clinical questions, affect policy change and determine future research needs.

An Analysis of Freshwater Mussels (Unionidae) in the Lower Ohio River at Two Beds Near Olmsted, Illinois: 1992 Studies.

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-02-01

Experiment Station NT1IS CRAM 3909 Halls Ferry Road I Vicksburg, MS 39180-6199 U announced J .jstification ....... By DiAt ibution / Availability Codes Avail...D Results of Water Velocity Studies Table D1 (Concluded) Sensor 940 Sensor 946 File Code Dist Depth Code Dist Depth B3 700 18 B4 200 9 LOR2271 B3 700...Sped"e No. of Individuafs Fusconaia ebena 124 Quadrula p. pus frosa 16 Quadnia metanewa 18 Obovarta o/ivara 8 El/ isaia Mineo/ata 12 Ambiema p. picaft

Study of the TRAC Airfoil Table Computational System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hu, Hong

1999-01-01

The report documents the study of the application of the TRAC airfoil table computational package (TRACFOIL) to the prediction of 2D airfoil force and moment data over a wide range of angle of attack and Mach number. The TRACFOIL generates the standard C-81 airfoil table for input into rotorcraft comprehensive codes such as CAM- RAD. The existing TRACFOIL computer package is successfully modified to run on Digital alpha workstations and on Cray-C90 supercomputers. A step-by-step instruction for using the package on both computer platforms is provided. Application of the newer version of TRACFOIL is made for two airfoil sections. The C-81 data obtained using the TRACFOIL method are compared with those of wind-tunnel data and results are presented.

Evolution of Incubation Models: Evidence from the Italian Incubation Industry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grandi, Alessandro; Grimaldi, Rosa

2004-01-01

This paper addresses the role of incubators in supporting new venture creation. A mapping of four different types of incubator is proposed: corporate private incubators (CPIs), independent private incubators (IPIs), business innovation centres (BICs) and university business incubators (UBIs). This mapping is exemplified through case studies of one…

76 FR 56413 - Building Energy Codes Cost Analysis

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-13

... the by-zone housing starts of Table 2. \\7\\ See http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/old_data/nsrdb/tmy2... as an alternative investment rate. Thus the present value, (PV) of a cash flow in year Y (CFy) is...

50 CFR Table 1c to Part 679 - Product Tyoe Codes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., heads, internal organs, pectoral girdles, or any other product that may be made from the same fish as the primary product. A Primary product.A product, such as fillets, made from each fish, with the...

50 CFR Table 2b to Part 679 - Species Codes: FMP Prohibited Species and CR Crab

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...) Oncorhynchus tshawytscha 410 ✓ Chum (dog) Oncorhynchus keta 450 ✓ Coho (silver) Oncorhynchus kisutch 430 ✓ Pink (humpback) Oncorhynchus gorbuscha 440 ✓ Sockeye (red) Oncorhynchus nerka 420 ✓ STEELHEAD TROUT Oncorhynchus...

50 CFR Table 2b to Part 679 - Species Codes: FMP Prohibited Species and CR Crab

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...) Oncorhynchus tshawytscha 410 ✓ Chum (dog) Oncorhynchus keta 450 ✓ Coho (silver) Oncorhynchus kisutch 430 ✓ Pink (humpback) Oncorhynchus gorbuscha 440 ✓ Sockeye (red) Oncorhynchus nerka 420 ✓ STEELHEAD TROUT Oncorhynchus...

50 CFR Table 2b to Part 679 - Species Codes: FMP Prohibited Species and CR Crab

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...) Oncorhynchus tshawytscha 410 ✓ Chum (dog) Oncorhynchus keta 450 ✓ Coho (silver) Oncorhynchus kisutch 430 ✓ Pink (humpback) Oncorhynchus gorbuscha 440 ✓ Sockeye (red) Oncorhynchus nerka 420 ✓ STEELHEAD TROUT Oncorhynchus...

50 CFR Table 2b to Part 679 - Species Codes: FMP Prohibited Species and CR Crab

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... ✓ Dungeness Cancer magister 910 ✓ King, blue Paralithodes platypus 922 ✓ ✓ King, golden (brown) Lithodes... (humpback) Oncorhynchus gorbuscha 440 ✓ Sockeye (red) Oncorhynchus nerka 420 ✓ STEELHEAD TROUT Oncorhynchus...

46 CFR 54.10-5 - Maximum allowable working pressure (reproduces UG-98).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, together with the effect of any combination of... operating temperature, using for each temperature the applicable allowable stress value. Note: Table 54.10-5...

Metrics and tools for consistent cohort discovery and financial analyses post-transition to ICD-10-CM.

PubMed

Boyd, Andrew D; Li, Jianrong John; Kenost, Colleen; Joese, Binoy; Yang, Young Min; Kalagidis, Olympia A; Zenku, Ilir; Saner, Donald; Bahroos, Neil; Lussier, Yves A

2015-05-01

In the United States, International Classification of Disease Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM, the ninth revision) diagnosis codes are commonly used to identify patient cohorts and to conduct financial analyses related to disease. In October 2015, the healthcare system of the United States will transition to ICD-10-CM (the tenth revision) diagnosis codes. One challenge posed to clinical researchers and other analysts is conducting diagnosis-related queries across datasets containing both coding schemes. Further, healthcare administrators will manage growth, trends, and strategic planning with these dually-coded datasets. The majority of the ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM translations are complex and nonreciprocal, creating convoluted representations and meanings. Similarly, mapping back from ICD-10-CM to ICD-9-CM is equally complex, yet different from mapping forward, as relationships are likewise nonreciprocal. Indeed, 10 of the 21 top clinical categories are complex as 78% of their diagnosis codes are labeled as "convoluted" by our analyses. Analysis and research related to external causes of morbidity, injury, and poisoning will face the greatest challenges due to 41 745 (90%) convolutions and a decrease in the number of codes. We created a web portal tool and translation tables to list all ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes related to the specific input of ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes and their level of complexity: "identity" (reciprocal), "class-to-subclass," "subclass-to-class," "convoluted," or "no mapping." These tools provide guidance on ambiguous and complex translations to reveal where reports or analyses may be challenging to impossible.Web portal: http://www.lussierlab.org/transition-to-ICD9CM/Tables annotated with levels of translation complexity: http://www.lussierlab.org/publications/ICD10to9. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Medical Informatics Association.

Combating Drug Abuse by Targeting Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4)

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-10-01

area code )       Table  of  Contents...to  IACUC/OLAW   code .    In  the  meantime,  we  attempted  to  set  up  the  CPP  testing  paradigm  in   a...We   believe  this  is  due  to  the  comparative  increase  in  activity  (nearby  testing,   surgery ,  and  wet

Observer Based Compensators for Nonlinear Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-03-31

T’niversitV of California I_ ______ Air Force Office Of Scientific RPesprc~i 6c. ADDI ESS ( C ..ty. State, ania ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and Z...Mathematics, M. Luksik, C . Martin and W. Shadwick, eds. Contempary Mathematics V.68, American Mathematical Society, Providence, 157-189. 2. 1987 Krener, A...ibution I University of California C AvJility Codes Avail ,111d I of Davis, CA 95616 sai. spvc-d TABLE OF CONTENTS A bstract

FIR Filter of DS-CDMA UWB Modem Transmitter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kang, Kyu-Min; Cho, Sang-In; Won, Hui-Chul; Choi, Sang-Sung

This letter presents low-complexity digital pulse shaping filter structures of a direct sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) ultra wide-band (UWB) modem transmitter with a ternary spreading code. The proposed finite impulse response (FIR) filter structures using a look-up table (LUT) have the effect of saving the amount of memory by about 50% to 80% in comparison to the conventional FIR filter structures, and consequently are suitable for a high-speed parallel data process.

Survey Probe Infrared Celestial Experiment (SPICE).

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-01-01

amplitude modulation (PAM) Word clock Bit clock 3.1.2.3.2 Each signal shall be buffered and short- circuit proofed and capable of delivering a signal...TABLE OF CONTENTS I Appendix A I SPICE II Electronic Test Report Appendix B VC409-OOOl Pulse Code Modulator Specification - SPICE I VC409-OOOl-21 Pulse...Code Modulator Specification - SPICE II Appendix C - Specifications AA0209-103 Evacuation AA0209-104 Cryogen Filling AA0209-105 Leak Rate AA0209-106

WESCOM. A Fortran Code for Evaluation of Nuclear Weapon Effects on Satellite Communications. Volume 2. Code Structure

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-01-31

quantities for h i ;.;h-:t It i 1 ndc hurst s 1BMI.I Determines t ime-independent fireball quantities for low-altitude bursts 10 Table 1...of reference Oval of Cassini (km) LAFBP - vortex longitudinal radius (km) LAFBP - vortex transverse radius (km) Power law exponent Inner scale...Maximum slant range of ionization from transmitter (km) Power law exponent Frequency (Hz) Striation velocity flag Propagation path index Radius

Cyclotron resonant scattering feature simulations. II. Description of the CRSF simulation process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schwarm, F.-W.; Ballhausen, R.; Falkner, S.; Schönherr, G.; Pottschmidt, K.; Wolff, M. T.; Becker, P. A.; Fürst, F.; Marcu-Cheatham, D. M.; Hemphill, P. B.; Sokolova-Lapa, E.; Dauser, T.; Klochkov, D.; Ferrigno, C.; Wilms, J.

2017-05-01

Context. Cyclotron resonant scattering features (CRSFs) are formed by scattering of X-ray photons off quantized plasma electrons in the strong magnetic field (of the order 1012 G) close to the surface of an accreting X-ray pulsar. Due to the complex scattering cross-sections, the line profiles of CRSFs cannot be described by an analytic expression. Numerical methods, such as Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of the scattering processes, are required in order to predict precise line shapes for a given physical setup, which can be compared to observations to gain information about the underlying physics in these systems. Aims: A versatile simulation code is needed for the generation of synthetic cyclotron lines. Sophisticated geometries should be investigatable by making their simulation possible for the first time. Methods: The simulation utilizes the mean free path tables described in the first paper of this series for the fast interpolation of propagation lengths. The code is parallelized to make the very time-consuming simulations possible on convenient time scales. Furthermore, it can generate responses to monoenergetic photon injections, producing Green's functions, which can be used later to generate spectra for arbitrary continua. Results: We develop a new simulation code to generate synthetic cyclotron lines for complex scenarios, allowing for unprecedented physical interpretation of the observed data. An associated XSPEC model implementation is used to fit synthetic line profiles to NuSTAR data of Cep X-4. The code has been developed with the main goal of overcoming previous geometrical constraints in MC simulations of CRSFs. By applying this code also to more simple, classic geometries used in previous works, we furthermore address issues of code verification and cross-comparison of various models. The XSPEC model and the Green's function tables are available online (see link in footnote, page 1).

H-division quarterly report, October--December 1977. [Lawrence Livermore Laboratory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1978-02-10

The Theoretical EOS Group develops theoretical techniques for describing material properties under extreme conditions and constructs equation-of-state (EOS) tables for specific applications. Work this quarter concentrated on a Li equation of state, equation of state for equilibrium plasma, improved ion corrections to the Thomas--Fermi--Kirzhnitz theory, and theoretical estimates of high-pressure melting in metals. The Experimental Physics Group investigates properties of materials at extreme conditions of pressure and temperature, and develops new experimental techniques. Effort this quarter concerned the following: parabolic projectile distortion in the two-state light-gas gun, construction of a ballistic range for long-rod penetrators, thermodynamics and sound velocities inmore » liquid metals, isobaric expansion measurements in Pt, and calculation of the velocity--mass profile of a jet produced by a shaped charge. Code development was concentrated on the PELE code, a multimaterial, multiphase, explicit finite-difference Eulerian code for pool suppression dynamics of a hypothetical loss-of-coolant accident in a nuclear reactor. Activities of the Fluid Dynamics Group were directed toward development of a code to compute the equations of state and transport properties of liquid metals (e.g. Li) and partially ionized dense plasmas, jet stability in the Li reactor system, and the study and problem application of fluid dynamic turbulence theory. 19 figures, 5 tables. (RWR)« less

Sequence Polishing Library (SPL) v10.0

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Oberortner, Ernst

The Sequence Polishing Library (SPL) is a suite of software tools in order to automate "Design for Synthesis and Assembly" workflows. Specifically: The SPL "Converter" tool converts files among the following sequence data exchange formats: CSV, FASTA, GenBank, and Synthetic Biology Open Language (SBOL); The SPL "Juggler" tool optimizes the codon usages of DNA coding sequences according to an optimization strategy, a user-specific codon usage table and genetic code. In addition, the SPL "Juggler" can translate amino acid sequences into DNA sequences.:The SPL "Polisher" verifies NA sequences against DNA synthesis constraints, such as GC content, repeating k-mers, and restriction sites.more » In case of violations, the "Polisher" reports the violations in a comprehensive manner. The "Polisher" tool can also modify the violating regions according to an optimization strategy, a user-specific codon usage table and genetic code;The SPL "Partitioner" decomposes large DNA sequences into smaller building blocks with partial overlaps that enable an efficient assembly. The "Partitioner" enables the user to configure the characteristics of the overlaps, which are mostly determined by the utilized assembly protocol, such as length, GC content, or melting temperature.« less

The SAMI Galaxy Survey: A prototype data archive for Big Science exploration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Konstantopoulos, I. S.; Green, A. W.; Foster, C.; Scott, N.; Allen, J. T.; Fogarty, L. M. R.; Lorente, N. P. F.; Sweet, S. M.; Hopkins, A. M.; Bland-Hawthorn, J.; Bryant, J. J.; Croom, S. M.; Goodwin, M.; Lawrence, J. S.; Owers, M. S.; Richards, S. N.

2015-11-01

We describe the data archive and database for the SAMI Galaxy Survey, an ongoing observational program that will cover ≈3400 galaxies with integral-field (spatially-resolved) spectroscopy. Amounting to some three million spectra, this is the largest sample of its kind to date. The data archive and built-in query engine use the versatile Hierarchical Data Format (HDF5), which precludes the need for external metadata tables and hence the setup and maintenance overhead those carry. The code produces simple outputs that can easily be translated to plots and tables, and the combination of these tools makes for a light system that can handle heavy data. This article acts as a contextual companion to the SAMI Survey Database source code repository, samiDB, which is freely available online and written entirely in Python. We also discuss the decisions related to the selection of tools and the creation of data visualisation modules. It is our aim that the work presented in this article-descriptions, rationale, and source code-will be of use to scientists looking to set up a maintenance-light data archive for a Big Science data load.

Technical Letter Report Development of Flaw Size Distribution Tables Including Effects of Flaw Depth Sizing Errors for Draft 10CFR 50.61a (Alternate PTS Rule) JCN-N6398, Task 4

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Simonen, Fredric A.; Gosselin, Stephen R.; Doctor, Steven R.

2013-04-22

This document describes a new method to determine whether the flaws in a particular reactor pressure vessel are consistent with the assumptions regarding the number and sizes of flaws used in the analyses that formed the technical justification basis for the new voluntary alternative Pressurized Thermal Shock (PTS) rule (Draft 10 CFR 50.61a). The new methodology addresses concerns regarding prior methodology because ASME Code Section XI examinations do not detect all fabrication flaws, they have higher detection performance for some flaw types, and there are flaw sizing errors always present (e.g., significant oversizing of small flaws and systematic under sizingmore » of larger flaws). The new methodology allows direct comparison of ASME Code Section XI examination results with values in the PTS draft rule Tables 2 and 3 in order to determine if the number and sizes of flaws detected by an ASME Code Section XI examination are consistent with those assumed in the probabilistic fracture mechanics calculations performed in support of the development of 10 CFR 50.61a.« less

On FAST3D simulations of directly-driven inertial-fusion targets with high-Z layers for reducing laser imprint and surface non-uniformity growth

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bates, Jason; Schmitt, Andrew; Klapisch, Marcel; Karasik, Max; Obenschain, Steve

2013-10-01

Modifications to the FAST3D code have been made to enhance its ability to simulate the dynamics of plastic ICF targets with high-Z overcoats. This class of problems is challenging computationally due in part to plasma conditions that are not in a state of local thermodynamic equilibrium and to the presence of mixed computational cells containing more than one material. Recently, new opacity tables for gold, palladium and plastic have been generated with an improved version of the STA code. These improved tables provide smoother, higher-fidelity opacity data over a wider range of temperature and density states than before, and contribute to a more accurate treatment of radiative transfer processes in FAST3D simulations. Furthermore, a new, more efficient subroutine known as ``MMEOS'' has been installed in the FAST3D code for determining pressure and temperature equilibrium conditions within cells containing multiple materials. We will discuss these topics, and present new simulation results for high-Z planar-target experiments performed recently on the NIKE Laser Facility. Work supported by DOE/NNSA.

A Computer Code for a One-Dimensional Dynamic Model of the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-03-07

electron flux, both at energy 4 The ionization cross section is given by 9 u( ) = S(,W) dW (57) I 2. Nicolet, M., and Aikin, A.C. (1960) The formation of the... energy in ev, and P, y, P, and S are parameters obtained from the best fit of Eq. (58) to experimental and theoretical results. Table B22 lists the values...Chem. 47:1783-1793. .E.. .I 73) Rate constants of thermal energy binary ion-molecule rtactions (of zqeionomic interest, At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 12

Investigation of Sheath Phenomena in Electronegative Glow Discharges.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-04-01

NUMBER 22c OFFICE SYMBOL DD FORM 1473, 83 APR )sTI,)N OF I IAN 71lIS rfJBSOLE ’I. UNCLASSIFIED _______ SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE _t,[L L; Z...Energy Electron Cross Sections in HCI 199 . .. . ° ° . - LiST OF TABLES TABLE PAGE 1 Summary uf GLOW Code Fesults for He/HCl rNixtures... Cross Src: tiuns in HCI. ......... ... 197 A, i~lX I 4.’ S[LIION I. INTRODUCTION 1. INTRODUCT1O0 AND DEFIr’ITION OF TEI<.S An understanding of the role

Astrophysics Source Code Library

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Allen, A.; DuPrie, K.; Berriman, B.; Hanisch, R. J.; Mink, J.; Teuben, P. J.

2013-10-01

The Astrophysics Source Code Library (ASCL), founded in 1999, is a free on-line registry for source codes of interest to astronomers and astrophysicists. The library is housed on the discussion forum for Astronomy Picture of the Day (APOD) and can be accessed at http://ascl.net. The ASCL has a comprehensive listing that covers a significant number of the astrophysics source codes used to generate results published in or submitted to refereed journals and continues to grow. The ASCL currently has entries for over 500 codes; its records are citable and are indexed by ADS. The editors of the ASCL and members of its Advisory Committee were on hand at a demonstration table in the ADASS poster room to present the ASCL, accept code submissions, show how the ASCL is starting to be used by the astrophysics community, and take questions on and suggestions for improving the resource.

A computer program for predicting recharge with a master recession curve

USGS Publications Warehouse

Heppner, Christopher S.; Nimmo, John R.

2005-01-01

Water-table fluctuations occur in unconfined aquifers owing to ground-water recharge following precipitation and infiltration, and ground-water discharge to streams between storm events. Ground-water recharge can be estimated from well hydrograph data using the water-table fluctuation (WTF) principle, which states that recharge is equal to the product of the water-table rise and the specific yield of the subsurface porous medium. The water-table rise, however, must be expressed relative to the water level that would have occurred in the absence of recharge. This requires a means for estimating the recession pattern of the water-table at the site. For a given site there is often a characteristic relation between the water-table elevation and the water-table decline rate following a recharge event. A computer program was written which extracts the relation between decline rate and water-table elevation from well hydrograph data and uses it to construct a master recession curve (MRC). The MRC is a characteristic water-table recession hydrograph, representing the average behavior for a declining water-table at that site. The program then calculates recharge using the WTF method by comparing the measured well hydrograph with the hydrograph predicted by the MRC and multiplying the difference at each time step by the specific yield. This approach can be used to estimate recharge in a continuous fashion from long-term well records. Presented here is a description of the code including the WTF theory and instructions for running it to estimate recharge with continuous well hydrograph data.

Topic Detection in Online Chat

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-09-01

CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF REPORT Unclassified 18 . SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE Unclassified 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION...Documents and Author-Author Documents—Radial Kernel. .............. 66 Figure 18 . Classifiers Results: LDA Models Created by Textbook-Author...Trained on Two Classes............................................................................................... 72 Table 18 . Maximum

29 CFR 1926.909 - Firing the blast.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Firing the blast. (a) A code of blasting signals equivalent to Table U-1, shall be posted on one or more... blasts 5 minutes prior to blast signal. Blast Signal—A series of short blasts 1 minute prior to the shot...

29 CFR 1926.909 - Firing the blast.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Firing the blast. (a) A code of blasting signals equivalent to Table U-1, shall be posted on one or more... blasts 5 minutes prior to blast signal. Blast Signal—A series of short blasts 1 minute prior to the shot...

29 CFR 1926.909 - Firing the blast.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Firing the blast. (a) A code of blasting signals equivalent to Table U-1, shall be posted on one or more... blasts 5 minutes prior to blast signal. Blast Signal—A series of short blasts 1 minute prior to the shot...

29 CFR 1926.909 - Firing the blast.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Firing the blast. (a) A code of blasting signals equivalent to Table U-1, shall be posted on one or more... blasts 5 minutes prior to blast signal. Blast Signal—A series of short blasts 1 minute prior to the shot...