12 CFR 1805.301 - Eligible activities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...-Income persons; (c) Community Facilities; (d) The provision of Financial Services; (e) Housing that is... Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM Use of Funds/Eligible Activities § 1805.301 Eligible...

Bank Community Development Corporations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Illinois State Dept. of Commerce and Community Affairs, Springfield.

This handbook provides a brief overview of bank and bank holding company community development corporations (CDCs), the types of activities for which they can be used, the legal requirements in establishing such an entity, and how they are organized and operated. Case studies, including studies of the Shorebank Corporation of Chicago, the First…

12 CFR 208.22 - Community development and public welfare investments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Community development and public welfare...) Investments and Loans § 208.22 Community development and public welfare investments. (a) Definitions. For... or class of entities is a public welfare investment under paragraph 23 of section 9 of the Federal...

12 CFR 1805.700 - Evaluation and selection-general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Section 1805.700 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM Evaluation and Selection of Applications... Applicants that vary by institution type, total asset size, stage of organizational development, markets...

12 CFR 1815.102 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY... Development Banking and Financial Institutions Act (12 U.S.C. 4701 et seq.); (2) Application means a request...) Fund means the Community Development Financial Institutions Fund, established under section 104(a) of...

12 CFR 1805.403 - Authority to sell.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM Investment Instruments § 1805.403 Authority to sell... authority to enforce the provisions of the Assistance Agreement until the performance goals specified...

12 CFR 1805.800 - Safety and soundness.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM Terms and Conditions of Assistance § 1805.800 Safety and soundness. (a) Regulated institutions. Nothing in this part, or in an Assistance Agreement, shall...

12 CFR 1805.402 - Assistance limits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM Investment Instruments § 1805.402 Assistance limits. (a..., more than $5 million, in the aggregate, in financial and technical assistance to an Awardee and its...

12 CFR 1806.101 - Summary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Summary. 1806.101 Section 1806.101 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY BANK ENTERPRISE AWARD PROGRAM General Provisions § 1806.101 Summary. (a) Under the Bank Enterprise Award Program, the...

12 CFR 24.3 - Public welfare investments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Public welfare investments. 24.3 Section 24.3... DEVELOPMENT ENTITIES, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS, AND OTHER PUBLIC WELFARE INVESTMENTS § 24.3 Public welfare investments. A national bank or national bank subsidiary may make an investment directly or...

12 CFR 24.3 - Public welfare investments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Public welfare investments. 24.3 Section 24.3... DEVELOPMENT ENTITIES, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS, AND OTHER PUBLIC WELFARE INVESTMENTS § 24.3 Public welfare investments. A national bank or national bank subsidiary may make an investment directly or...

12 CFR 24.6 - Examples of qualifying public welfare investments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Examples of qualifying public welfare... COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ENTITIES, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS, AND OTHER PUBLIC WELFARE INVESTMENTS § 24.6 Examples of qualifying public welfare investments. Investments that primarily support the...

12 CFR 24.6 - Examples of qualifying public welfare investments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Examples of qualifying public welfare... COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ENTITIES, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS, AND OTHER PUBLIC WELFARE INVESTMENTS § 24.6 Examples of qualifying public welfare investments. Investments that primarily support the...

Development and Validation of the Biobanking Attitudes and Knowledge Survey (BANKS)

PubMed Central

Wells, Kristen J.; Arevalo, Mariana; Meade, Cathy D.; Gwede, Clement K.; Quinn, Gwendolyn P.; Luque, John S.; Miguel, Gloria San; Watson, Dale; Phillips, Rebecca; Reyes, Carmen; Romo, Margarita; West, Jim; Jacobsen, Paul B.

2014-01-01

Background No validated multi-scale instruments exist that measure community members’ views on biobanking and biospecimen donation. This study describes the development and psychometric properties of the English-language BANKS (Biobanking Attitudes aNd Knowledge Survey). Methods The BANKS was created by item generation through review of scientific literature, focus groups with community members, and input from a community advisory board. Items were refined through cognitive interviews. Content validity was assessed through an expert panel review. Psychometric properties of the BANKS were assessed in a sample of 85 community members. Results The final BANKS includes 3 scales: Attitudes, Knowledge, and Self-Efficacy; as well as 3 single items, which evaluated receptivity and intention to donate a biospecimen for research. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for two scales that use Likert response format indicated high internal consistency (Attitudes: α=.88; Self-Efficacy: α=.95). Content validity indices were moderate, ranging from 0.69 to 0.89. Intention to donate blood and intention to donate urine were positively correlated with attitudes, knowledge, self-efficacy, and receptivity to learning more about biobanking (p's range from .029 to <.001). Conclusions The final BANKS shows evidence of satisfactory reliability and validity, is easy to administer, and is a promising tool to inform biospecimen research. Additional studies should be conducted with larger samples considering biospecimen donation to further assess the instrument's reliability and validity. Impact A valid and reliable instrument measuring community members’ views about biobanking may help researchers evaluate relevant communication interventions to enhance understanding, intention, and actual biospecimen donation. A Spanish-language BANKS is under development. PMID:24609846

12 CFR 1807.903 - Compliance with government requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Compliance with government requirements. 1807.903 Section 1807.903 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT... government requirements. In carrying out its responsibilities pursuant to an Assistance Agreement, the...

Development and evaluation of online evidence based guideline bank system.

PubMed

Park, Myonghwa

2006-01-01

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the online evidence-based nursing practice guideline bank system to support the best evidence-based decision in the clinical and community practice settings. The main homepage consisted of seven modules for introduction of site, EBN, guideline bank, guideline development, guideline review, related sites, and community. The major contents in the guidelines were purpose, developer, intended audience, method of development, target population, testing, knowledge components, and evaluation. Electronic versions of the guidelines were displayed by XML, PDF, and PDA versions. The system usability were evaluated by general users, guideline developers, and guideline reviewers on the web and the results showed high scores of satisfaction. This online evidence-based guideline bank system could support nurses' best and cost-effective clinical decision using the sharable standardized guidelines with education module of evidence based nursing.

12 CFR 1806.302 - Compliance with government requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Compliance with government requirements. 1806.302 Section 1806.302 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT... Compliance with government requirements. In carrying out its responsibilities pursuant to an Award Agreement...

12 CFR 1805.806 - Compliance with government requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Compliance with government requirements. 1805.806 Section 1805.806 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT... Assistance § 1805.806 Compliance with government requirements. In carrying out its responsibilities pursuant...

12 CFR 1805.600 - Notice of Funds Availability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Notice of Funds Availability. 1805.600 Section 1805.600 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE... of Funds Availability. Each Applicant shall submit an application for financial or technical...

75 FR 14661 - Bank Enterprise Award (BEA) Program; Notice of Funds Availability

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-26

... facility or service not currently provided to the Distressed Community. 2. Reporting certain Financial... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Community Development Financial Institutions Fund Bank Enterprise Award... Financial Institutions (CDFI) Fund. The BEA Program encourages Insured Depository Institutions to increase...

12 CFR 24.4 - Investment limits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Investment limits. 24.4 Section 24.4 Banks and... ENTITIES, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS, AND OTHER PUBLIC WELFARE INVESTMENTS § 24.4 Investment limits. (a) Limits on aggregate outstanding investments. A national bank's aggregate outstanding investments under...

12 CFR 1807.600 - Tracking funds-general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Tracking funds-general. 1807.600 Section 1807.600 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY CAPITAL MAGNET FUND Tracking Requirements § 1807.600 Tracking funds—general. An Awardee receiving a CMF...

12 CFR 24.4 - Investment limits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Investment limits. 24.4 Section 24.4 Banks and... ENTITIES, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS, AND OTHER PUBLIC WELFARE INVESTMENTS § 24.4 Investment limits. (a) Limits on aggregate outstanding investments. A national bank's aggregate outstanding investments under...

12 CFR 1805.300 - Purposes of financial assistance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... position and enhance the ability of an Awardee to provide Financial Products and Financial Services. ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Purposes of financial assistance. 1805.300 Section 1805.300 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE...

12 CFR 1807.601 - Nature of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 9 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Nature of funds. 1807.601 Section 1807.601 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY CAPITAL MAGNET FUND Tracking Requirements § 1807.601 Nature of funds. A CMF award shall be considered Federal...

12 CFR 1807.601 - Nature of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 9 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Nature of funds. 1807.601 Section 1807.601 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY CAPITAL MAGNET FUND Tracking Requirements § 1807.601 Nature of funds. A CMF award shall be considered Federal...

12 CFR 1805.807 - Conflict of interest requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Conflict of interest requirements. 1805.807 Section 1805.807 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE... Conflict of interest requirements. (a) Provision of credit to Insiders. (1) An Awardee that is a Non...

12 CFR 1805.503 - Time frame for raising match.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Time frame for raising match. 1805.503 Section 1805.503 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE... frame for raising match. Applicants shall satisfy matching funds requirements within the period set...

12 CFR 1805.302 - Restrictions on use of assistance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Restrictions on use of assistance. 1805.302 Section 1805.302 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE... Assistance Agreement. (b) An Awardee may not distribute assistance to an Affiliate without the Fund's consent...

12 CFR 1807.601 - Nature of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 10 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Nature of funds. 1807.601 Section 1807.601 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY CAPITAL MAGNET FUND Tracking Requirements § 1807.601 Nature of funds. A CMF award shall be considered Federal...

12 CFR 1807.601 - Nature of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Nature of funds. 1807.601 Section 1807.601 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY CAPITAL MAGNET FUND Tracking Requirements § 1807.601 Nature of funds. A CMF award shall be considered Federal...

12 CFR 1805.803 - Disbursement of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Disbursement of funds. 1805.803 Section 1805.803 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY... Disbursement of funds. Assistance provided pursuant to this part may be provided in a lump sum or over a period...

12 CFR 1805.812 - Fraud, waste and abuse.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fraud, waste and abuse. 1805.812 Section 1805.812 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY..., waste and abuse. Any person who becomes aware of the existence or apparent existence of fraud, waste or...

75 FR 7990 - Use of Community Development Loans by Community Financial Institutions To Secure Advances...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-23

... activities and to allow Banks to make long-term advances to CFI members for purposes of financing community... activities as eligible collateral for advances, to provide that CFI members may use long term advances to... provided that a Bank could make a long-term advance to a member only for the purposes of providing funds to...

12 CFR 1805.101 - Summary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM General Provisions § 1805.101 Summary. Under the Community Development Financial Institutions Program, the Fund will provide financial and technical assistance to...

12 CFR 1805.101 - Summary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM General Provisions § 1805.101 Summary. Under the Community Development Financial Institutions Program, the Fund will provide financial and technical assistance to...

12 CFR 1805.101 - Summary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM General Provisions § 1805.101 Summary. Under the Community Development Financial Institutions Program, the Fund will provide financial and technical assistance to...

12 CFR 1805.101 - Summary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM General Provisions § 1805.101 Summary. Under the Community Development Financial Institutions Program, the Fund will provide financial and technical assistance to...

Cultural Memory Banking in Preservice Science Teacher Education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Handa, Vicente C.; Tippins, Deborah J.

2012-12-01

This study focused on the exemplification of cultural memory banking as an ethnographic tool to understand cultural practices relevant to science teaching and learning in a rural coastal village in a central island of the Philippine archipelago. Using the collaborative action ethnography as a research methodology, 10 prospective science teachers and a science teacher educator/doctoral candidate formed a research team and documented community funds of knowledge relevant to science teaching and learning through their participation in a Community Immersion course. The study employed the use of the cultural memory banking as a meditational tool to analyze, make sense of, and represent interview, focus-group discussion, and observation data, among others, for the development of culturally relevant science lessons. Originally used as an anthropological tool to preserve cultural knowledge associated with the cultivation of indigenous plant varieties, the cultural memory banking, as adapted in science education, was used, both as a data collection and analytic tool, to locate relevant science at the intersection of community life. The research team developed a cultural memory bank exemplar, "Ginamos: The Stinky Smell that Sells," to highlight the learning experiences and meaning-making process of those involved in its development. Dilemmas and insights on the development and use of cultural memory banking were discussed with respect to issues of knowledge mining and mainstreaming of indigenous/local funds of knowledge, troubling the privileged position of Western-inspired nature of science.

Development and community-based validation of eight item banks to assess mental health.

PubMed

Batterham, Philip J; Sunderland, Matthew; Carragher, Natacha; Calear, Alison L

2016-09-30

There is a need for precise but brief screening of mental health problems in a range of settings. The development of item banks to assess depression and anxiety has resulted in new adaptive and static screeners that accurately assess severity of symptoms. However, expansion to a wider array of mental health problems is required. The current study developed item banks for eight mental health problems: social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, drug use, psychosis and suicidality. The item banks were calibrated in a population-based Australian adult sample (N=3175) by administering large item pools (45-75 items) and excluding items on the basis of local dependence or measurement non-invariance. Item Response Theory parameters were estimated for each item bank using a two-parameter graded response model. Each bank consisted of 19-47 items, demonstrating excellent fit and precision across a range of -1 to 3 standard deviations from the mean. No previous study has developed such a broad range of mental health item banks. The calibrated item banks will form the basis of a new system of static and adaptive measures to screen for a broad array of mental health problems in the community. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Applying Banks' Typology of Ethnic Identity Development and Curriculum Goals to Story Content, Classroom Discussion, and the Ecology of Classroom and Community: Phase One. Instructional Resource No. 24.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tomlinson, Louise M.

This instructional resource describes ways in which J. A. Banks' typology of the stages of ethnic identity development and related curriculum goals can be applied to literacy instruction. Banks' definitions of the stages of development and the curriculum goals for each stage are provided. Strategies for analyzing materials and developing relevant…

12 CFR 228.28 - Assigned ratings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... bank's performance under the lending, investment and service tests, the community development test, the small bank performance standards, or an approved strategic plan, as applicable. (b) Lending, investment... credit practices. (1) The Board's evaluation of a bank's CRA performance is adversely affected by...

12 CFR 1808.600 - Full faith and credit and incontestability of Guarantee.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 10 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Full faith and credit and incontestability of Guarantee. 1808.600 Section 1808.600 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND... Conditions of Guarantee § 1808.600 Full faith and credit and incontestability of Guarantee. The full faith...

12 CFR 24.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Definitions. 24.2 Section 24.2 Banks and... ENTITIES, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS, AND OTHER PUBLIC WELFARE INVESTMENTS § 24.2 Definitions. For... adequately capitalized in 12 CFR 6.4. (b) Capital and surplus means: (1) A bank's Tier 1 and Tier 2 capital...

75 FR 18569 - Departmental Offices; Proposed Collection; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-12

..., the Office of Financial Stability (OFS) is soliciting comments concerning the banks and thrifts, banks and thrifts exchange, and credit union applications for the Community Development Capital Initiative... participation in the CDCI. Eligible institutions include bank holding companies, financial holding companies...

12 CFR 345.22 - Lending test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... activities by considering a bank's home mortgage, small business, small farm, and community development... following criteria: (1) Lending activity. The number and amount of the bank's home mortgage, small business... distribution. The geographic distribution of the bank's home mortgage, small business, small farm, and consumer...

12 CFR 345.22 - Lending test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... activities by considering a bank's home mortgage, small business, small farm, and community development... following criteria: (1) Lending activity. The number and amount of the bank's home mortgage, small business... distribution. The geographic distribution of the bank's home mortgage, small business, small farm, and consumer...

12 CFR 25.28 - Assigned ratings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... on the bank's performance under the lending, investment and service tests, the community development test, the small bank performance standards, or an approved strategic plan, as applicable. (b) Lending... credit practices. (1) The OCC's evaluation of a bank's CRA performance is adversely affected by evidence...

78 FR 22263 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-15

... Holding Company The notificants listed below have applied under the Change in Bank Control Act (12 U.S.C... paragraph 7 of the Act (12 U.S.C. 1817(j)(7)). The notices are available for immediate inspection at the... April 30, 2013. A. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (Yvonne Sparks, Community Development Officer) P.O...

12 CFR 345.28 - Assigned ratings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...,” “satisfactory,” “needs to improve,” or “substantial noncompliance” based on the bank's performance under the lending, investment and service tests, the community development test, the small bank performance... evaluation of a bank's CRA performance is adversely affected by evidence of discriminatory or other illegal...

Policy Development and Reform Principles of Basic and Secondary Education in Finland Since 1968. Education Working Paper Series. Number 2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aho, Erkki; Pitkanen, Kari; Sahlberg, Pasi

2006-01-01

The Education Working Paper Series is produced by the Education Unit at the World Bank (HDNED). It provides an avenue for World Bank staff to publish and disseminate preliminary education findings to encourage discussion and exchange ideas within the World Bank and among the broader development community. Many factors have contributed to Finland's…

Rural Development: Part 4, S. 2223--The Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act and Amendment No. 153 (To S. 1483), to Establish the Rural Community Development Bank. Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Rural Development of the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry, United States Senate, 92d Congress, 1st Session, July 23; September 21-24, 1971.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry.

Transcripts of Senate hearings on S. 2223 (the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act) and on Amendment No. 153 (to S. 1483) to establish the rural community development bank are presented in this document. In addition to some 25 miscellaneous documents, statements of representatives from municipal, state, and national organizations are…

12 CFR 195.22 - Lending test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Lending test. 195.22 Section 195.22 Banks and... Assessing Performance § 195.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test evaluates a savings... lending test except the community development lending criterion. (b) Performance criteria. The appropriate...

Development of a nutrition education intervention for food bank clients

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The focus of this article is the development of a nutrition education intervention for food bank clients. Formative research using mixed-methods (qualitative and quantitative) and community-based participatory research principles was conducted to assess the nutrition education needs of clients obtai...

Innovation Funds for Higher Education: A Users' Guide for World Bank Funded Projects. Education Working Paper Series. Number 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saint, William

2005-01-01

The Education Working Paper Series is produced by the Education Unit at the World Bank (HDNED). It provides an avenue for World Bank staff to publish and disseminate preliminary education findings to encourage discussion and exchange ideas within the World Bank and among the broader development community. This Guide seeks to help those who design…

Restructuring Rural Communities. Part 2: Grazing the Ideas, Approaches, and Resources of Selected Countries. University Extension Press Monograph Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baker, Harold R.

This book examines cases of rural community development initiatives in the United States, Canada, and Europe, identified during a study of multicommunity collaboration projects. Section 1 includes 36 community development ideas operating at provincial, regional, and local levels. Included are ideas such as bank community development corporations,…

42 CFR 482.45 - Condition of participation: Organ, tissue, and eye procurement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... and the notification protocol developed in consultation with the tissue and eye banks identified by the hospital for this purpose; (2) Incorporate an agreement with at least one tissue bank and at least... in conjunction with the tissue and eye bank community in the methodology for approaching potential...

42 CFR 482.45 - Condition of participation: Organ, tissue, and eye procurement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... and the notification protocol developed in consultation with the tissue and eye banks identified by the hospital for this purpose; (2) Incorporate an agreement with at least one tissue bank and at least... in conjunction with the tissue and eye bank community in the methodology for approaching potential...

42 CFR 482.45 - Condition of participation: Organ, tissue, and eye procurement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... and the notification protocol developed in consultation with the tissue and eye banks identified by the hospital for this purpose; (2) Incorporate an agreement with at least one tissue bank and at least... in conjunction with the tissue and eye bank community in the methodology for approaching potential...

12 CFR 345.22 - Lending test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Lending test. 345.22 Section 345.22 Banks and... REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 345.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test... consider these loans under any criterion of the lending test except the community development lending...

12 CFR 345.22 - Lending test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Lending test. 345.22 Section 345.22 Banks and... REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 345.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test... consider these loans under any criterion of the lending test except the community development lending...

12 CFR 563e.28 - Assigned ratings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Assigned ratings. 563e.28 Section 563e.28 Banks... for Assessing Performance § 563e.28 Assigned ratings. (a) Ratings in general. Subject to paragraphs (b... performance under the lending, investment and service tests, the community development test, the small savings...

77 FR 58542 - Federal Home Loan Bank Members Selected for Community Support Review

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-21

... Bank & Trust Pawleys Island South Carolina. Highlands Union Bank Abingdon Virginia. Burke & Herbert... Shenandoah Iowa. Pinnacle Bank Sioux City Sioux City Iowa. Community State Bank Spencer Iowa. MetaBank Storm...

24 CFR 570.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR COMMUNITY PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT, DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT... Institution has the same meaning as used in the Community Development Banking and Financial Institutions Act...-employment income from own nonfarm business, including proprietorships and partnerships; (C) Farm self...

Participation in Adult Education for Community Development: A Critical Discourse Analysis of "Training for Transformation"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Krupar, Allyson M.; Prins, Esther

2016-01-01

Participation has become so central to adult education for community development that even the World Bank supports participatory programming. This article analyses how participation is conceptualised in "Training for Transformation" (TfT), a Freirean-inspired curriculum used in international community development settings. TfT seeks to…

Developing the Communicative Participation Item Bank: Rasch Analysis Results from a Spasmodic Dysphonia Sample

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baylor, Carolyn R.; Yorkston, Kathryn M.; Eadie, Tanya L.; Miller, Robert M.; Amtmann, Dagmar

2009-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to conduct the initial psychometric analyses of the Communicative Participation Item Bank--a new self-report instrument designed to measure the extent to which communication disorders interfere with communicative participation. This item bank is intended for community-dwelling adults across a range of…

12 CFR 1815.114 - Fund decisionmaking procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Section 1815.114 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE... the decisionmaking process, shall accompany the relevant proposal or action through the Fund's decisionmaking process to ensure adequate consideration of environmental factors; (b) The Decisionmaker shall...

Seed bank and big sagebrush plant community composition in a range margin for big sagebrush

USGS Publications Warehouse

Martyn, Trace E.; Bradford, John B.; Schlaepfer, Daniel R.; Burke, Ingrid C.; Laurenroth, William K.

2016-01-01

The potential influence of seed bank composition on range shifts of species due to climate change is unclear. Seed banks can provide a means of both species persistence in an area and local range expansion in the case of increasing habitat suitability, as may occur under future climate change. However, a mismatch between the seed bank and the established plant community may represent an obstacle to persistence and expansion. In big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) plant communities in Montana, USA, we compared the seed bank to the established plant community. There was less than a 20% similarity in the relative abundance of species between the established plant community and the seed bank. This difference was primarily driven by an overrepresentation of native annual forbs and an underrepresentation of big sagebrush in the seed bank compared to the established plant community. Even though we expect an increase in habitat suitability for big sagebrush under future climate conditions at our sites, the current mismatch between the plant community and the seed bank could impede big sagebrush range expansion into increasingly suitable habitat in the future.

12 CFR 1807.101 - Summary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY CAPITAL MAGNET FUND..., Preservation, Rehabilitation or Purchase of Affordable Housing primarily for Low-Income Families; and (2) Financing Economic Development Activities or Community Service Facilities. (b) The CDFI Fund will select...

12 CFR 1815.101 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY ENVIRONMENTAL... describe how the Community Development Financial Institutions Fund intends to consider environmental factors and concerns in the Fund's decisionmaking process. This part applies only to the Fund and not to...

12 CFR 1815.101 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY ENVIRONMENTAL... describe how the Community Development Financial Institutions Fund intends to consider environmental factors and concerns in the Fund's decisionmaking process. This part applies only to the Fund and not to...

12 CFR 1815.101 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY ENVIRONMENTAL... describe how the Community Development Financial Institutions Fund intends to consider environmental factors and concerns in the Fund's decisionmaking process. This part applies only to the Fund and not to...

12 CFR 1815.101 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY ENVIRONMENTAL... describe how the Community Development Financial Institutions Fund intends to consider environmental factors and concerns in the Fund's decisionmaking process. This part applies only to the Fund and not to...

12 CFR 1815.101 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY ENVIRONMENTAL... describe how the Community Development Financial Institutions Fund intends to consider environmental factors and concerns in the Fund's decisionmaking process. This part applies only to the Fund and not to...

12 CFR 1290.6 - Bank community support programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... modification, which shall require the Bank to—(i) Conduct market research in the Bank's district; (ii) Describe... implementing its Targeted Community Lending Plan; and (iv) Establish quantitative targeted community lending...

12 CFR 1290.6 - Bank community support programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... modification, which shall require the Bank to—(i) Conduct market research in the Bank's district; (ii) Describe... implementing its Targeted Community Lending Plan; and (iv) Establish quantitative targeted community lending...

12 CFR 1290.6 - Bank community support programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... modification, which shall require the Bank to—(i) Conduct market research in the Bank's district; (ii) Describe... implementing its Targeted Community Lending Plan; and (iv) Establish quantitative targeted community lending...

12 CFR 1815.100 - Policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY § 1815.100 Policy. The Community Development Financial Institution Fund's policy is to ensure that environmental factors and concerns are given appropriate consideration in decisions and actions by the Fund and...

75 FR 16463 - Federal Home Loan Bank Members Selected for Community Support Review

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-01

... Chelsea Massachusetts. Pilgrim Bank Cohasset Massachusetts. Delta-Wye Federal Credit Union Dorchester... Community Bank, National Preston Minnesota. Association. First State Bank of Red Wing (The)....... Red Wing...

12 CFR 1805.400 - Investment instruments-general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Investment instruments-general. 1805.400... TREASURY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM Investment Instruments § 1805.400 Investment... investment instruments described in § 1805.401, and under such terms and conditions as described in this...

12 CFR 1805.106 - OMB control number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 9 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false OMB control number. 1805.106 Section 1805.106... COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM General Provisions § 1805.106 OMB control number. The... and assigned OMB control numbers 1559-0006, 1559-0021 and 1559-0022. ...

Strategy for the forest sector in sub Saharan Africa. World Bank technical paper; Strategie pour le secteur forestier en afrique subsaharienne

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sharma, N.P.; Rietbergen, S.; Heimo, C.R.

1995-12-31

Forest resources in Sub-Saharan Africa are disappearing at an alarming rate--the region witnessed a seven percent loss of its forest cover during the 1980s. The deforestation of tropical rain forests in West and Central Africa is occurring at a rate of two million hectares each year. The poor usually suffer the most in the short run--but it is the entire world community that suffers in the long run from the ensuing ecological damage. This strategy paper is one element of the World Bank`s process of addressing environmental issues and challenges. The paper adheres to the Bank`s forest policy adopted inmore » 1991, which reaffirms the Bank`s support for conservation and sustainable development of forest resources. The authors emphasize the importance of the symbiosis of forest resource management and socioeconomic development for the region.« less

75 FR 76617 - Use of Community Development Loans by Community Financial Institutions To Secure Advances...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-09

... long term advances to CFI members for purposes of financing community development activities. Section... provided that a Bank could make a long-term advance to a member only for the purposes of providing funds to the member for residential housing finance, except that it also allowed long-term advances to CFI...

76 FR 70069 - Federal Home Loan Bank Community Support Amendments

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-10

... Council, and to nonprofit housing developers, community groups, and other interested parties in its... technical assistance to community groups or organizations that assist first-time homebuyers; Participation... counseling or homeownership education targeted to first-time homebuyers; and Participation in investments or...

12 CFR 1805.401 - Forms of investment instruments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Forms of investment instruments. 1805.401... TREASURY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM Investment Instruments § 1805.401 Forms of investment instruments. (a) Equity. The Fund may make nonvoting equity investments in an Awardee, including...

12 CFR 1805.303 - Technical assistance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... proposes to become a CDFI. Such technical assistance may include training for management and other... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Technical assistance. 1805.303 Section 1805.303... COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM Use of Funds/Eligible Activities § 1805.303 Technical...

12 CFR 533.4 - Fulfillment of the CRA

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY DISCLOSURE AND REPORTING OF..., home-improvement, small business, small farm, community development, and consumer lending, as described... the case of an insured depository institution that is evaluated on the basis of a strategic plan, any...

12 CFR 1806.201 - Measuring and reporting Qualified Activities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Period; (4) Financial Services and Targeted Financial Services based on the predetermined amounts as may be set forth by the Fund in the applicable NOFA; and (5) Financial Services (other than those for.... 1806.201 Section 1806.201 Banks and Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND...

12 CFR 705.4 - Permissible uses of loan funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... members, including new or expanded share draft or credit card programs; (b) Partnership arrangements with... 705.4 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT REVOLVING LOAN FUND ACCESS FOR CREDIT UNIONS § 705.4 Permissible uses of loan funds...

12 CFR 705.4 - Permissible uses of loan funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... members, including new or expanded share draft or credit card programs; (b) Partnership arrangements with... 705.4 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT REVOLVING LOAN FUND ACCESS FOR CREDIT UNIONS § 705.4 Permissible uses of loan funds...

75 FR 50039 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-16

...: 1505-0223. Type of Review: Extension without change of a currently approved collection. Title: Troubled...). Under the CDCI, the U.S. Department of the Treasury may purchase qualifying assets from U.S. banking organizations that are certified Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFI). Any bank, savings...

Seed banks of native forbs, but not exotic grasses, increase during extreme drought.

PubMed

LaForgia, Marina L; Spasojevic, Marko J; Case, Erica J; Latimer, Andrew M; Harrison, Susan P

2018-04-01

Extreme droughts such as the one that affected California in 2012-2015 have been linked to severe ecological consequences in perennial-dominated communities such as forests. In annual communities, drought impacts are difficult to assess because many species persist through facultative multiyear seed dormancy, which leads to the development of seed banks. Impacts of extreme drought on the abundance and composition of the seed banks of whole communities are little known. In 80 heterogeneous grassland plots where cover is dominated by ~15 species of exotic annual grasses and diversity is dominated by ~70 species of native annual forbs, we grew out seeds from soil cores collected early in the California drought (2012) and later in the multiyear drought (2014), and analyzed drought-associated changes in the seed bank. Over the course of the study we identified more than 22,000 seedlings to species. We found that seeds of exotic annual grasses declined sharply in abundance during the drought while seeds of native annual forbs increased, a pattern that resembled but was even stronger than the changes in aboveground cover of these groups. Consistent with the expectation that low specific leaf area (SLA) is an indicator of drought tolerance, we found that the community-weighted mean SLA of annual forbs declined both in the seed bank and in the aboveground community, as low-SLA forbs increased disproportionately. In this system, seed dormancy reinforces the indirect benefits of extreme drought to the native forb community. © 2018 by the Ecological Society of America.

Policy Formation and Implementation in Secondary Education Reform: The Case of Chile at the Turn of the Century. Education Working Paper Series. Number 3

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cox, Cristian

2006-01-01

The Education Working Paper Series is produced by the Education Unit at the World Bank (HDNED). It provides an avenue for World Bank staff to publish and disseminate preliminary education findings to encourage discussion and exchange ideas within the World Bank and among the broader development community. Throughout the 1990s and into the…

Influence over Time: Community-Driven Development and the Changing Nature of the World Bank's Impact in Indonesia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edwards, D. Brent, Jr.; Storen, Inga

2017-01-01

Much literature has focused on the influence of the World Bank with regard to policy reform in low-income countries. While this literature has been produced over the course of many decades, the underlying studies have not tended to take a multi-decade approach to examining the way that World Bank influence changes in a given country. Put…

77 FR 19287 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-30

... thereby indirectly retain control of Northstar Bank, both in Bad Axe, Michigan, and Seaway Community Bank... Bad Axe, Michigan, and certain of their minor children as a group acting in concert, to retain voting... in Bad Axe, Michigan, and Seaway Community Bank, St. Clair, Michigan. In addition, Lynette Drake, as...

12 CFR 1805.102 - Relationship to other Fund programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 9 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Relationship to other Fund programs. 1805.102... TREASURY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM General Provisions § 1805.102 Relationship to... Financial Institutions Program; (ii) Directly received assistance in the form of a disbursement under the...

12 CFR 1805.102 - Relationship to other Fund programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Relationship to other Fund programs. 1805.102... TREASURY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM General Provisions § 1805.102 Relationship to... Financial Institutions Program; (ii) Directly received assistance in the form of a disbursement under the...

12 CFR 1805.102 - Relationship to other Fund programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 10 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Relationship to other Fund programs. 1805.102... TREASURY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PROGRAM General Provisions § 1805.102 Relationship to... Financial Institutions Program; (ii) Directly received assistance in the form of a disbursement under the...

12 CFR 1808.302 - Bond terms and conditions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Bond Purchaser. (d) No subordination. The Bonds or Bond Loans may not be subordinated to any new or... 12 Banks and Banking 10 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Bond terms and conditions. 1808.302 Section... TREASURY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS BOND GUARANTEE PROGRAM Interest Rates; Terms and...

12 CFR 1808.300 - Interest rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 10 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Interest rates. 1808.300 Section 1808.300... COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS BOND GUARANTEE PROGRAM Interest Rates; Terms and Conditions of Bonds, Bond Loans, and Secondary Loans § 1808.300 Interest rates. (a) Interest rates. (1) A Bond Rate...

Development and Validation of Participation and Positive Psychologic Function Measures for Stroke Survivors

PubMed Central

Bode, Rita K.; Heinemann, Allen W.; Butt, Zeeshan; Stallings, Jena; Taylor, Caitlin; Rowe, Morgan; Roth, Elliot J.

2013-01-01

Bode RK, Heinemann AW, Butt Z, Stallings J, Taylor C, Rowe M, Roth EJ. Development and validation of participation and positive psychologic function measures for stroke survivors. Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of Neurologic Quality of Life (NeuroQOL) item banks that assess quality-of-life (QOL) domains not typically included in poststroke measures. Design Secondary analysis of item responses to selected NeuroQOL domains. Setting Community. Participants Community-dwelling stroke survivors (n=111) who were at least 12 months poststroke. Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures Five measures developed for 3 NeuroQoL domains: ability to participate in social activities, satisfaction with participation in social activities, and positive psychologic function. Results A single bank was developed for the positive psychologic function domain, but 2 banks each were developed for the ability-to-participate and satisfaction-with-participation domains. The resulting item banks showed good psychometric properties and external construct validity with correlations with the legacy instruments, ranging from .53 to .71. Using these measures, stroke survivors in this sample reported an overall high level of QOL. Conclusions The NeuroQoL-derived measures are promising and valid methods for assessing aspects of QOL not typically measured in this population. PMID:20801251

Soil propagule banks of ectomycorrhizal fungi along forest development stages after mining.

PubMed

Huang, Jian; Nara, Kazuhide; Zong, Kun; Lian, Chunlan

2015-05-01

Ectomycorrhizal fungal (EMF) propagules play an important role in seedling establishment following disturbance. However, little is known about how the EMF propagule community changes with forest development. In this study, EMF propagules were examined using seedling bioassays in rhizosphere soils collected from a recently closed Pb-Zn tailing (Taolin Pb-Zn tailing (TLT)), a Cu tailing (Dexing Cu No. 2 tailing (DXT)) that had undergone 21 years of restoration, and a mature Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) forest (DXC) outside the Cu mining areas. The corresponding EMF communities colonizing Masson pine at each site were also investigated for comparison. After 8 months of running bioassays, ectomycorrhizal colonization was poor for seedlings grown in TLT (9.0 % ± 14.9 %) and DXT soils (22.4 % ± 17.7 %), while DXC seedlings were well colonized (47.5 % ± 24.9 %). Internal transcribed spacer sequencing revealed that EMF species richness increased with forest development in both the propagule bank (TLT, 6; DXT, 7; DXC, 12) and in the field (TLT, 8; DXT, 14; DXC, 26), though richness was lower in propagule banks. Several lineages, such as Cenococcum, Rhizopogon, Inocybe, Suillus, and Atheliaceae, were frequently encountered in propagule communities, but species assemblages were different among the three sites. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that several soil parameters, i.e., N, EC, Cu, Pb, Zn, etc., were responsible for the distribution of EMF in the field and bioassay seedlings. The highest overlap in EMF species composition between the propagule bank and the field community was observed at the recently closed tailing (Morisita-Horn similarity = 0.71 for TLT), whereas the lowest overlap occurred at the mature forest (0.26 for DXC). These results indicate that EMF propagules in soil are less frequent and diverse in early primary succession and become more frequent and diverse along forest development, due mainly to the accumulation of dormant spores of Rhizopogon spp. and sclerotia of Cenococcum spp. Thus, EMF propagule communities in soil may diverge from those root-colonizing EMF communities along a gradient of forest development.

78 FR 2319 - Relocation of Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-11

... (CFR). The regulations relate to: Community Investment Cash Advance Programs (CICA); Federal Home Loan... (Community Investment Cash Advance Programs) In 1989, Congress amended the Federal Home Loan Bank Act (Bank Act) to authorize the Banks to offer Community Investment Cash Advance (CICA) programs, and to require...

Bank-firm credit network in Japan: an analysis of a bipartite network.

PubMed

Marotta, Luca; Miccichè, Salvatore; Fujiwara, Yoshi; Iyetomi, Hiroshi; Aoyama, Hideaki; Gallegati, Mauro; Mantegna, Rosario N

2015-01-01

We investigate the networked nature of the Japanese credit market. Our investigation is performed with tools of network science. In our investigation we perform community detection with an algorithm which is identifying communities composed of both banks and firms. We show that the communities obtained by directly working on the bipartite network carry information about the networked nature of the Japanese credit market. Our analysis is performed for each calendar year during the time period from 1980 to 2011. To investigate the time evolution of the networked structure of the credit market we introduce a new statistical method to track the time evolution of detected communities. We then characterize the time evolution of communities by detecting for each time evolving set of communities the over-expression of attributes of firms and banks. Specifically, we consider as attributes the economic sector and the geographical location of firms and the type of banks. In our 32-year-long analysis we detect a persistence of the over-expression of attributes of communities of banks and firms together with a slow dynamic of changes from some specific attributes to new ones. Our empirical observations show that the credit market in Japan is a networked market where the type of banks, geographical location of firms and banks, and economic sector of the firm play a role in shaping the credit relationships between banks and firms.

Bank-Firm Credit Network in Japan: An Analysis of a Bipartite Network

PubMed Central

Marotta, Luca; Miccichè, Salvatore; Fujiwara, Yoshi; Iyetomi, Hiroshi; Aoyama, Hideaki; Gallegati, Mauro; Mantegna, Rosario N.

2015-01-01

We investigate the networked nature of the Japanese credit market. Our investigation is performed with tools of network science. In our investigation we perform community detection with an algorithm which is identifying communities composed of both banks and firms. We show that the communities obtained by directly working on the bipartite network carry information about the networked nature of the Japanese credit market. Our analysis is performed for each calendar year during the time period from 1980 to 2011. To investigate the time evolution of the networked structure of the credit market we introduce a new statistical method to track the time evolution of detected communities. We then characterize the time evolution of communities by detecting for each time evolving set of communities the over-expression of attributes of firms and banks. Specifically, we consider as attributes the economic sector and the geographical location of firms and the type of banks. In our 32-year-long analysis we detect a persistence of the over-expression of attributes of communities of banks and firms together with a slow dynamic of changes from some specific attributes to new ones. Our empirical observations show that the credit market in Japan is a networked market where the type of banks, geographical location of firms and banks, and economic sector of the firm play a role in shaping the credit relationships between banks and firms. PMID:25933413

Deregulation: Implications for Community College Leaders.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bender, Louis W.

1986-01-01

Looks at the ways in which the deregulation of business and industry may affect community colleges in the years ahead, using the banking industry as an illustration. Argues that the deregulation of higher education requires that community college leadership programs examine past assumptions and develop new strategies. (LAL)

76 FR 27054 - Proposed Agency Information Collection Activities; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-10

... Community Development and Public Welfare Investments of State Member Banks. Agency form number: FR H-6. OMB... that want to make community development or public welfare investments to comply with the Regulation H... information instruments are placed into OMB's public docket files. The Federal Reserve may not conduct or...

12 CFR 944.6 - Bank community support programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... modification, which shall require the Bank to: (i) Conduct market research in the Bank's district; (ii... and implementing its Targeted Community Lending Plan; and (iv) Establish quantitative targeted...

12 CFR 1290.6 - Bank community support programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... to modification, which shall require the Bank to—(i) Conduct market research in the Bank's district... and implementing its Targeted Community Lending Plan; and (iv) Establish quantitative targeted...

Community Structure of a Bank-Firm Credit Network in Japan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Iyetomi, Hiroshi; Matsuura, Yuki

2014-03-01

We study temporal change of community structure in a Japanese credit network formed by banks and listed firms through their financial relations over the last 30 years. The credit connectedness is regarded as a potenital source of systemic risk. Our network is a bipartite graph consisting of two species of nodes connected with bidirectional links. The direction of links is identified with that of risk flows and their weights are relative credit/loan with respect to the targets. In a partial credit network obtained only with the links pointing from firms toward banks, the city banks forms one major community in most of the time period to share risk when firms go wrong. On the other hand, a partial network only with the links from banks toward firms is decomposed into communities of similar size each of which has its own city bank, reflecting the main-bank system in Japan. Finally we take overlapping parts of the two community sets to find cores of the risk concentration in the credit network. This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 22300080.

75 FR 82146 - Appalachian Community Bank, FSB, McCaysville, GA, Notice of Appointment of Receiver

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-29

... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Office of Thrift Supervision Appalachian Community Bank, FSB... contained in section 5(d)(2) of the Home Owners' Loan Act, the Office of Thrift Supervision has duly appointed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation as sole Receiver for Appalachian Community Bank, FSB...

76 FR 12109 - Federal Home Loan Bank Members Selected for Community Support Review

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-04

... the 2010 second round review cycle under the FHFA's community support requirements regulation. This... Support Statements to FHFA. DATES: Bank members selected for the review cycle under the FHFA's community... April 18, 2011. ADDRESSES: Bank members selected for the 2010 second round review cycle under the FHFA's...

76 FR 35434 - Federal Home Loan Bank Members Selected for Community Support Review

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-17

... the 2010 third round review cycle under the FHFA's community support requirements regulation. This... Support Statements to FHFA. DATES: Bank members selected for the review cycle under the FHFA's community... August 1, 2011. ADDRESSES: Bank members selected for the 2010 third round review cycle under the FHFA's...

Dormancy contributes to the maintenance of microbial diversity.

PubMed

Jones, Stuart E; Lennon, Jay T

2010-03-30

Dormancy is a bet-hedging strategy used by a variety of organisms to overcome unfavorable environmental conditions. By entering a reversible state of low metabolic activity, dormant individuals become members of a seed bank, which can determine community dynamics in future generations. Although microbiologists have documented dormancy in both clinical and natural settings, the importance of seed banks for the diversity and functioning of microbial communities remains untested. Here, we develop a theoretical model demonstrating that microbial communities are structured by environmental cues that trigger dormancy. A molecular survey of lake ecosystems revealed that dormancy plays a more important role in shaping bacterial communities than eukaryotic microbial communities. The proportion of dormant bacteria was relatively low in productive ecosystems but accounted for up to 40% of taxon richness in nutrient-poor systems. Our simulations and empirical data suggest that regional environmental cues and dormancy synchronize the composition of active communities across the landscape while decoupling active microbes from the total community at local scales. Furthermore, we observed that rare bacterial taxa were disproportionately active relative to common bacterial taxa, suggesting that microbial rank-abundance curves are more dynamic than previously considered. We propose that repeated transitions to and from the seed bank may help maintain the high levels of microbial biodiversity that are observed in nearly all ecosystems.

12 CFR 303.5 - Effect of Community Reinvestment Act performance on filings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Effect of Community Reinvestment Act performance on filings. 303.5 Section 303.5 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION PROCEDURE... Reinvestment Act performance on filings. Among other factors, the FDIC takes into account the record of...

An Evaluation of Results and Effectiveness of Job Banks: Volume I, Parts I and II.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ultrasystems, Inc., Irvine, CA.

In order to assist the Manpower Administration of the U. S. Department of Labor in the planning, development, and expansion of over a hundred computerized "job banks," located in nearly every State, field interviews were conducted with job applicants, employers, Employment Service staff, and community agencies to evaluate the current…

Community-based grain banks using local foods for improved infant and young child feeding in Ethiopia.

PubMed

Roche, Marion L; Sako, Binta; Osendarp, Saskia J M; Adish, Abdul A; Tolossa, Azeb L

2017-04-01

The first thousand days of a child's life are critical for ensuring adequate nutrition to enable optimal health, development and growth. Inadequate infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices likely contribute to Ethiopia's concerning malnutrition situation. Development partners in four regions of Ethiopia implemented community production of complementary food with women's groups processing local grains and legumes at grain banks to improve availability, accessibility, dietary diversity and timely introduction of complementary foods. The objective of this study was to establish the acceptability, perceived impact, feasibility and required inputs to sustain local grain bank interventions to improve IYCF. A subsidized barter system was used by mothers in the rural communities, and flour was sold in the semi-urban context. Purposive sampling guided the qualitative study design and selection of project stakeholders. A total of 51 key informant interviews and 33 focus group discussions (n = 237) were conducted. The grain bank flour was valued for its perceived diverse local ingredients; while the project was perceived as creating labour savings for women. The grain bank flour offered the potential to contribute to improved IYCF; however, further dietary modification or fortification is needed to improve the micronutrient content. Dependence upon external inputs to subsidize the barter model and the reliance on volunteer labour from women's groups in the rural context are the greatest risks to sustainability. This intervention illustrates how integrated agricultural and health interventions leveraging local production can appeal to diverse stakeholders as an acceptable approach to improve IYCF. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

78 FR 25273 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-30

... Peachtree Street NE., Atlanta, Georgia 30309: 1. Harvey Alan Sorkin, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida; to acquire at least 10 percent of the voting shares of Floridian Community Holdings, Inc., and thereby indirectly acquire voting shares of Floridian Community Bank, Inc., both of Davie, Florida. B. Federal...

77 FR 14787 - Federal Home Loan Bank Members Selected for Community Support Review

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-13

............ Maine. The Bank of Maine Gardiner Maine. Androscoggin Savings Bank Lewiston Maine. Machias Savings Bank.... Home Federal Bank Nampa Idaho. Rocky Mountain Bank Billings Montana. Mountain West Bank, N.A Helena...

75 FR 4391 - Update to Notice of Financial Institutions for Which the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-27

.../2009 10096 Peoples Community Bank.... West Chester......... OH 7/31/2009 10165 Peoples First Community... Corporation Web site at http://www.fdic.gov/bank/individual/failed/banklist.html or contact the Manager of... Liquidation (2008 and Later) [In alphabetical order] Bank Ref. No. Bank name City State Date closed 10030 1st...

Composition of soil seed banks in southern California coastal sage scrub and adjacent exotic grassland

Treesearch

Robert D. Cox; Edith B. Allen

2008-01-01

Soil seed banks are important to many plant communities and are recognized as an important component of management plans. Understanding seed bank composition and density is especially important when communities have been invaded by exotic species and must be managed to promote desirable species. We examined germinable soil seed banks in southern California coastal sage...

Dealing with Today’s Asymmetric Threat to U.S. and Global Security: The Need for an Integrated National Asymmetric Threat Strategy

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-08-01

world of You- Tube and digital recorders, there is no longer any distinction between local and worldwide audiences. Equally, anyone with a cell phone...at the local level. One of the best examples is Grameen Bank, a microfinance organization and community development bank started in Bangladesh in

Benthic community structure, diversity, and productivity in the shallow Barents Sea bank (Svalbard Bank).

PubMed

Kędra, Monika; Renaud, Paul E; Andrade, Hector; Goszczko, Ilona; Ambrose, William G

2013-01-01

The Barents Sea is among the most productive areas in the world oceans, and its shallow banks exhibit particularly high rates of primary productivity reaching over 300 g C m -2 year -1 . Our study focused on the Svalbard Bank, an important feeding area for fishes and whales. In order to investigate how benthic community structure and benthic secondary production vary across environmental gradients and through time, we sampled across the bank and compared results with a similar study conducted 85 years ago. Considerable variability in community structure and function across bank corresponded with differences in the physical structure of the habitat, including currents, sedimentation regimes and sediment type, and overlying water masses. Despite an intensive scallop fishery and climatic shifts that have taken place since the last survey in the 1920s, benthic community structure was very similar to that from the previous survey, suggesting strong system resilience. Primary and secondary production over shallow banks plays a large role in the Barents Sea and may act as a carbon subsidy to surrounding fish populations, of which many are of commercial importance.

100 Years of Mass Deworming Programmes: A Policy Perspective From the World Bank's Disease Control Priorities Analyses.

PubMed

Bundy, Donald A P; Appleby, Laura J; Bradley, Mark; Croke, Kevin; Hollingsworth, T Deirdre; Pullan, Rachel; Turner, Hugo C; de Silva, Nilanthi

2018-01-01

For more than 100 years, countries have used mass drug administration as a public health response to soil-transmitted helminth infection. The series of analyses published as Disease Control Priorities is the World Bank's vehicle for exploring the cost-effectiveness and value for money of public health interventions. The first edition was published in 1993 as a technical supplement to the World Bank's World Development Report Investing in Health where deworming was used as an illustrative example of value for money in treating diseases with relatively low morbidity but high prevalence. Over the second (2006) and now third (2017) editions deworming has been an increasingly persuasive example to use for this argument. The latest analyses recognize the negative impact of intestinal worm infection on human capital in poor communities and document a continuing decline in worm infection as a result of the combination of high levels of mass treatment and ongoing economic development trends in poor communities. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.

76 FR 70132 - Federal Home Loan Bank Members Selected for Community Support Review

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-10

... Bank Hyannis Massachusetts Northeast Bank Lewiston Maine Bangor Savings Bank Bangor Maine Bangor... Guam, Inc Agana Guam Panhandle State Bank Sandpoint Idaho First Citizens Bank of Butte Butte Montana...

Cord blood banking - bio-objects on the borderlands between community and immunity.

PubMed

Brown, Nik; Williams, Rosalind

2015-01-01

Umbilical cord blood (UCB) has become the focus of intense efforts to collect, screen and bank haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in hundreds of repositories around the world. UCB banking has developed through a broad spectrum of overlapping banking practices, sectors and institutional forms. Superficially at least, these sectors have been widely distinguished in bioethical and policy literature between notions of the 'public' and the 'private', the commons and the market respectively. Our purpose in this paper is to reflect more critically on these distinctions and to articulate the complex practical and hybrid nature of cord blood as a 'bio-object' that straddles binary conceptions of the blood economies. The paper draws upon Roberto Esposito's reflections on biopolitics and his attempt to transcend the dualistic polarisations of immunity and community, or the private and the public. We suggest that his thoughts on immunitary hospitality resonate with many of the actual features and realpolitik of a necessarily internationalised and globally distributed UCB 'immunitary regime'.

"Nothing is going to change three months from now": A mixed methods characterization of food bank use in Greater Vancouver.

PubMed

Holmes, Eleanor; Black, Jennifer L; Heckelman, Amber; Lear, Scott A; Seto, Darlene; Fowokan, Adeleke; Wittman, Hannah

2018-03-01

North American food bank use has risen dramatically since the 1980s, and over 850,000 Canadians were estimated to have visited a food bank monthly in 2015. Food banks serve multiple roles in communities, ranging from 'emergency responses' to individualized and short-term experiences of hunger, to 'chronic' supports as part of long-term subsistence strategies. This study used a mixed-methods design to examine the spectrum of food bank user experiences in a large urban context, as part of a community-based project aiming to envision a redesign of the food bank to contribute to broader community food security outcomes. Survey (n = 77) and focus group (n = 27) results suggested that participants widely viewed food banks as a long-term food-access strategy. Inadequate financial resources, steep increases in housing and food costs, and long-term health challenges emerged as the most prominent factors influencing food bank use. Participants commonly reported unmet food needs despite food bank use, limited agency over factors influencing access to sufficient food, and anticipated requiring food bank services in future. These findings contest global constructions of food banks as "emergency" food providers and support growing evidence that food banks are an insufficient response to chronic poverty, lack of affordable housing and insufficient social assistance rates underlying experiences of food insecurity. Participants envisioned changes to the food bank system to increase community food security including improved food quality and quantity (short-term), changes to service delivery and increased connections with health services (capacity building), and a greater role in poverty reduction advocacy (system redesign). Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Two Essays in Financial Economics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Putnam, Kyle J.

The following dissertation contains two distinct empirical essays which contribute to the overall field of Financial Economics. Chapter 1, entitled "The Determinants of Dynamic Dependence: An Analysis of Commodity Futures and Equity Markets," examines the determinants of the dynamic equity-commodity return correlations between five commodity futures sub-sectors (energy, foods and fibers, grains and oilseeds, livestock, and precious metals) and a value-weighted equity market index (S&P 500). The study utilizes the traditional DCC model, as well as three time-varying copulas: (i) the normal copula, (ii) the student's t copula, and (iii) the rotated-gumbel copula as dependence measures. Subsequently, the determinants of these various dependence measures are explored by analyzing several macroeconomic, financial, and speculation variables over different sample periods. Results indicate that the dynamic equity-commodity correlations for the energy, grains and oilseeds, precious metals, and to a lesser extent the foods and fibers, sub-sectors have become increasingly explainable by broad macroeconomic and financial market indicators, particularly after May 2003. Furthermore, these variables exhibit heterogeneous effects in terms of both magnitude and sign on each sub-sectors' equity-commodity correlation structure. Interestingly, the effects of increased financial market speculation are found to be extremely varied among the five sub-sectors. These results have important implications for portfolio selection, price formation, and risk management. Chapter 2, entitled, "US Community Bank Failure: An Empirical Investigation," examines the declining, but still pivotal role, of the US community banking industry. The study utilizes survival analysis to determine which accounting and macroeconomic variables help to predict community bank failure. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and Federal Reserve Bank data are utilized to compare 452 community banks which failed between 2000 and 2013, relative to a sample of surviving community banks. Empirical results indicate that smaller banks are less likely to fail than their larger community bank counterparts. Additionally, several unique bank-specific indicators of failure emerge which relate to asset quality and liquidity, as well as earnings ratios. Moreover, results show that the use of the macroeconomic indicator of liquidity, the TED spread, provides a substantial improvement in modeling predictive community bank failure.

Changes in Dogger Bank macrofauna communities in the 20th century caused by fishing and climate

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kröncke, Ingrid

2011-09-01

The macrofauna communities on the Dogger Bank (North Sea) from the 1920s, the 1950s and the 1980s to the 2000s were compared and identified five communities with similar spatial distribution throughout the 20th century. The abundance of dominant species in the five communities varied with time. Most obvious in the 1950s was the loss of the extensive Spisula and Mactra patches, which covered most of the shallow parts of the Bank in the 1920s. Since the 1980s, they have been found only as juveniles. The biological regime shift in the late 1980s caused an increase in macrofauna abundance, species numbers, diversity and southern species in most of the communities. The climate regime shift in 2001 had opposite effects in which the abundance, species numbers, diversity and southern species decreased in most of the communities. The increase in interface-feeding species and the decrease in sand-licking amphipods in the 2000s especially in the shallow Bank Community give evidence for climate driven changes in water masses, currents, storms, turbidity and food availability via planktonic or benthic primary production. Both fishing impact and climate change are hypothesised as explaining the changes in the Dogger Bank macrofauna communities.

12 CFR 345.26 - Small bank performance standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Small bank performance standards. 345.26... GENERAL POLICY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 345.26 Small bank performance standards. (a) Performance criteria—(1) Small banks that are not intermediate small banks. The FDIC...

12 CFR 345.26 - Small bank performance standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Small bank performance standards. 345.26... GENERAL POLICY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 345.26 Small bank performance standards. (a) Performance criteria—(1) Small banks that are not intermediate small banks. The FDIC...

75 FR 678 - Federal Home Loan Bank Membership for Community Development Financial Institutions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-05

... substantive issues raised by the comment letters focused principally on the criteria that FHFA had proposed... and business lines. The four categories of institutions eligible for CDFI certification and CDFI Fund... are unregulated institutions specializing in financing of housing, businesses or community facilities...

12 CFR 345.44 - Public notice by banks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Public notice by banks. 345.44 Section 345.44 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION REGULATIONS AND STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Records, Reporting, and Disclosure Requirements § 345.44 Public notice by banks. A...

The role of waste bank partnership in efforts to decrease waste volume in urban: A case study at a waste bank in Kalibaru, Cilodong, Depok City

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Suparmini; Junadi, Purnawan

2018-03-01

Waste Bank is a program that the government uses as one of the efforts to tackle the increasingly growing garbage day. The Waste Bank in Depok City serves as a collection of non-organic waste that still has economic value. This study attempts to examine the factors that make Depok City Waste Bank play its role today and its relationship with the community involved in the activities of the Waste Bank. Through qualitative approach with a case study, the authors make observations on the object and conduct in-depth interviews with some informants. This study found four factors that make a Waste Bank continues to play a role, namely the presence of leaders who are reliable (leadership), good management (management), incentive (incentive) and the involvement of partners (partnership). While the characteristics of community-based on the level of education, income levels also affect the community participation in receiving the Waste Bank as a form of waste management in the city of Depok.

World Bank predicts development for next century.

PubMed

Ahmad, K

1999-09-18

The World Bank reports that localization and globalization will be the two primary forces that will dominate the trend in the next millennium. These trends could either revolutionize human development or lead to greater chaos and suffering. The report further examines three aspects of globalization: trade, capital flows and environment; and three aspects of localization: decentralization, cities and making livable cities. It focuses on the impact of these two forces on the poor and their health. It stated that economic growth in the past 30 years had little impact on indicators of real development such as political stability, education, life expectancy, and gender equality. Moreover, a weak correlation between income and standard of living exists because countries and communities placed different priorities on education and health. The recommendations of the bank include the need for macroeconomic stability and a socially flexible sustained development.

Telecommunication and Information Infrastructures in the Botswana and SADC Development Strategy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Afullo, Thomas J. O.

1999-01-01

Examines the role of telecommunications and the information infrastructure in the economic development of Botswana. Highlights include the SADC (Southern African Development Community), the role of the World Bank in telecommunications in developing countries, and the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) agenda for global telecommunications…

12 CFR 25.44 - Public notice by banks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Public notice by banks. 25.44 Section 25.44 Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT ACT AND... Public notice by banks. A bank shall provide in the public lobby of its main office and each of its...

A high-latitude coral community with an uncertain future: Stetson Bank, northwestern Gulf of Mexico

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

DeBose, J. L.; Nuttall, M. F.; Hickerson, E. L.; Schmahl, G. P.

2013-03-01

Limited data exist that detail trends in benthic community composition of high-latitude coral communities. As anthropogenic stressors are projected to increase in number and intensity, long-term monitoring datasets are essential to understanding community stability and ecosystem resilience. In 1993, a long-term monitoring program was initiated at Stetson Bank, in the Gulf of Mexico. Over the course of this monitoring, a major shift in community structure occurred, in which the coral-sponge community was replaced by an algal-dominated community. During the initial years of this study, the coral community at Stetson Bank was relatively stable. Beginning in the late 1990s, sponge cover began a steady decline from over 30 % to less than 25 %. Then, in 2005, the benthic community underwent a further significant change when living coral cover declined from 30 % to less than 8 % and sponges declined to less than 20 % benthic cover. This abrupt shift corresponded with a Caribbean-wide bleaching event in 2005 that caused major mortality of Stetson Bank corals. Previous bleaching events at Stetson Bank did not result in wide-scale coral mortality. Several environmental parameters may have contributed to the rapid decline in this benthic community. We suggest that the combined effects of coastal runoff and elevated temperatures contributed to the observed shift. We present an analysis of 15 years of monitoring data spanning from 1993 to 2008; this dataset provides both a biological baseline and a multiyear trend analysis of the community structure for a high-latitude coral-sponge community in the face of changing climatic conditions.

Impact of municipal wastewater effluent on seed bank response and soils excavated from a wetland impoundment

USGS Publications Warehouse

Finocchiaro, R.G.; Kremer, R.J.; Fredrickson, L.H.

2009-01-01

Intensive management of wetlands to improve wildlife habitat typically includes the manipulation of water depth, duration, and timing to promote desired vegetation communities. Increased societal, industrial, and agricultural demands for water may encourage the use of alternative sources such as wastewater effluents in managed wetlands. However, water quality is commonly overlooked as an influence on wetland soil seed banks and soils. In four separate greenhouse trials conducted over a 2-yr period, we examined the effects of municipal wastewater effluent (WWE) on vegetation of wetland seed banks and soils excavated from a wildlife management area in Missouri, USA. We used microcosms filled with one of two soil materials and irrigated with WWE, Missouri River water, or deionized water to simulate moist-soil conditions. Vegetation that germinated from the soil seed bank was allowed to grow in microcosms for approximately 100 d. Vegetative taxa richness, plant density, and biomass were significantly reduced in WWE-irrigated soil materials compared with other water sources. Salinity and sodicity rapidly increased in WWE-irrigated microcosms and probably was responsible for inhibiting germination or interfering with seedling development. Our results indicate that irrigation with WWE promoted saline-sodic soil conditions, which alters the vegetation community by inhibiting germination or seedling development. ?? 2009, The Society of Wetland Scientists.

12 CFR 228.26 - Small bank performance standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Small bank performance standards. 228.26... RESERVE SYSTEM COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT (REGULATION BB) Standards for Assessing Performance § 228.26 Small bank performance standards. (a) Performance criteria—(1) Small banks that are not intermediate small...

12 CFR 228.26 - Small bank performance standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Small bank performance standards. 228.26... RESERVE SYSTEM COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT (REGULATION BB) Standards for Assessing Performance § 228.26 Small bank performance standards. (a) Performance criteria—(1) Small banks that are not intermediate small...

Effects of water level on three wetlands soil seed banks on the Tibetan Plateau.

PubMed

Ma, Miaojun; Ma, Zhen; Du, Guozhen

2014-01-01

Although the effect of water level on germination in soil seed banks has been documented in many ecosystems, the mechanism is not fully understood, and to date no empirical studies on this subject exist. Further, no work has been done on the effect of water level on seed banks of drying and saline-alkaline wetlands in alpine areas on the Tibetan Plateau. We examined the effects of water level (0 cm, 5 cm and 10 cm) on seed germination and seedling establishment from soil seed banks at 0-5 cm and 5-10 cm depths in typical, drying, and saline-alkaline wetlands. We also explore the potential role of soil seed bank in restoration of drying and saline-alkaline wetlands. Species richness decreased with increase in water level, but there almost no change in seed density. A huge difference exists in species composition of the seed bank among different water levels in all three wetlands, especially between 0 cm and 5 cm and 0 cm and 10 cm. Similarity of species composition between seed bank and plant community was higher in 0 cm water level in drying wetland than in the other two wetlands. The similarity was much higher in 0 cm water level than in 5 cm and 10 cm water levels in all three wetlands. Species composition of the alpine wetland plant community changed significantly after drying and salinization, however, species composition of the seed bank was unchanged regardless of the environment change. Water level greatly affects seed bank recruitment and plant community establishment. Further, different water levels in restored habitats are likely to determine its species composition of the plant community. The seed bank is important in restoration of degraded wetlands. Successful restoration of drying and salinization wetlands could depend on the seed bank.

A case management agency and bank create a service innovation.

PubMed

Katz, K S; Stowe, A W

1992-01-01

Connecticut Community Care, Inc. (CCCI), a statewide, nonprofit case management agency, in collaboration with Connecticut National Bank (CNB), developed a unique model of delivering case management services to bank trust clients. No reports of such a collaborative model have been found in the published literature in the United States. The article presents a historical overview of this innovative initiative; the identification of the target population; the delivery of the assessment, coordination, and monitoring services; and the marketing techniques. Utilization statistics, a synopsis of the model outcomes as viewed by the trust officers, and suggestions for replication are also presented.

12 CFR 228.21 - Performance tests, standards, and ratings, in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... obtained from community organizations, state, local, and tribal governments, economic development agencies... condition of the bank, the economic climate (national, regional, and local), safety and soundness...

12 CFR 25.21 - Performance tests, standards, and ratings, in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... from community organizations, state, local, and tribal governments, economic development agencies, or... of the bank, the economic climate (national, regional, and local), safety and soundness limitations...

12 CFR 345.21 - Performance tests, standards, and ratings, in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... from community organizations, state, local, and tribal governments, economic development agencies, or... of the bank, the economic climate (national, regional, and local), safety and soundness limitations...

12 CFR 7.1001 - National bank acting as general insurance agent.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... any place the population of which does not exceed 5,000 inhabitants. This provision is applicable to any office of a national bank when the office is located in a community having a population of less than 5,000, even though the principal office of such bank is located in a community whose population...

12 CFR 7.1001 - National bank acting as general insurance agent.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... any place the population of which does not exceed 5,000 inhabitants. This provision is applicable to any office of a national bank when the office is located in a community having a population of less than 5,000, even though the principal office of such bank is located in a community whose population...

12 CFR 7.1001 - National bank acting as general insurance agent.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... any place the population of which does not exceed 5,000 inhabitants. This provision is applicable to any office of a national bank when the office is located in a community having a population of less than 5,000, even though the principal office of such bank is located in a community whose population...

12 CFR 7.1001 - National bank acting as general insurance agent.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... any place the population of which does not exceed 5,000 inhabitants. This provision is applicable to any office of a national bank when the office is located in a community having a population of less than 5,000, even though the principal office of such bank is located in a community whose population...

12 CFR 7.1001 - National bank acting as general insurance agent.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... any place the population of which does not exceed 5,000 inhabitants. This provision is applicable to any office of a national bank when the office is located in a community having a population of less than 5,000, even though the principal office of such bank is located in a community whose population...

77 FR 14368 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-09

... thereby indirectly acquire voting shares of Peoples Community Bank, both in Bremen, Georgia. B. Federal... FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company The notificants listed below have applied under the Change in Bank Control Act (12 U.S.C...

77 FR 26280 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-03

... thereby indirectly acquire voting shares of Peoples Community Bank, both in Bremen, Georgia. Board of... FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company The notificants listed below have applied under the Change in Bank Control Act (12 U.S.C...

78 FR 8131 - Federal Home Loan Bank Members Selected for Community Support Review

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-05

... Union Chelsea Massachusetts. Pilgrim Bank Cohasset Massachusetts. Delta-Wye Federal Credit Union... Minnesota. The First State Bank of Red Wing......... Red Wing Minnesota. Eastwood Bank Rochester Minnesota...

Research progress on disease data bank and DATACON systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1973-01-01

Developments and specific statistics for this reporting period are presented. The administration, community activities, funding, personnel, marketing and public relations, technical operations, information systems, and technology transfer are discussed.

EMDataBank unified data resource for 3DEM.

PubMed

Lawson, Catherine L; Patwardhan, Ardan; Baker, Matthew L; Hryc, Corey; Garcia, Eduardo Sanz; Hudson, Brian P; Lagerstedt, Ingvar; Ludtke, Steven J; Pintilie, Grigore; Sala, Raul; Westbrook, John D; Berman, Helen M; Kleywegt, Gerard J; Chiu, Wah

2016-01-04

Three-dimensional Electron Microscopy (3DEM) has become a key experimental method in structural biology for a broad spectrum of biological specimens from molecules to cells. The EMDataBank project provides a unified portal for deposition, retrieval and analysis of 3DEM density maps, atomic models and associated metadata (emdatabank.org). We provide here an overview of the rapidly growing 3DEM structural data archives, which include maps in EM Data Bank and map-derived models in the Protein Data Bank. In addition, we describe progress and approaches toward development of validation protocols and methods, working with the scientific community, in order to create a validation pipeline for 3DEM data. © The Author(s) 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

12 CFR 1201.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... U.S.C. 1426(b)). CIP means the Community Investment Program, an advance program under CICA required...)); a Bank's Community Investment Program (CIP), offered under section 10(i) of the Bank Act (12 U.S.C...

12 CFR 345.44 - Public notice by banks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Public notice by banks. 345.44 Section 345.44... COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Records, Reporting, and Disclosure Requirements § 345.44 Public notice by banks. A bank shall provide in the public lobby of its main office and each of its branches the appropriate...

An Item Bank for Abuse of Prescription Pain Medication from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®).

PubMed

Pilkonis, Paul A; Yu, Lan; Dodds, Nathan E; Johnston, Kelly L; Lawrence, Suzanne M; Hilton, Thomas F; Daley, Dennis C; Patkar, Ashwin A; McCarty, Dennis

2017-08-01

There is a need to monitor patients receiving prescription opioids to detect possible signs of abuse. To address this need, we developed and calibrated an item bank for severity of abuse of prescription pain medication as part of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS ® ). Comprehensive literature searches yielded an initial bank of 5,310 items relevant to substance use and abuse, including abuse of prescription pain medication, from over 80 unique instruments. After qualitative item analysis (i.e., focus groups, cognitive interviewing, expert review, and item revision), 25 items for abuse of prescribed pain medication were included in field testing. Items were written in a first-person, past-tense format, with a three-month time frame and five response options reflecting frequency or severity. The calibration sample included 448 respondents, 367 from the general population (ascertained through an internet panel) and 81 from community treatment programs participating in the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network. A final bank of 22 items was calibrated using the two-parameter graded response model from item response theory. A seven-item static short form was also developed. The test information curve showed that the PROMIS ® item bank for abuse of prescription pain medication provided substantial information in a broad range of severity. The initial psychometric characteristics of the item bank support its use as a computerized adaptive test or short form, with either version providing a brief, precise, and efficient measure relevant to both clinical and community samples. © 2016 American Academy of Pain Medicine. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com

12 CFR 966.3 - Leverage limit and credit rating requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... or more of the following activities: (1) Housing; (2) Economic development; (3) Community services... is a meaningful measure of the individual Bank's financial strength and stability, and is updated at...

75 FR 65331 - Federal Home Loan Bank Members Selected for Community Support Review

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-22

... Texas. Federal Home Loan Bank of Topeka--District 10 First Southwest Bank Alamosa Colorado. Fitzsimons Federal Credit Union Aurora Colorado. Boulder Municipal Employees FCU Boulder Colorado. Boulder Valley Credit Union Boulder Colorado. Flatirons Bank Boulder Colorado. 5Star Bank Colorado Springs Colorado...

76 FR 48162 - FDIC Advisory Committee on Community Banking; Notice of Charter Renewal

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-08

... Advisory Committee on Community Banking (``the Committee'') is in the public interest in connection with... services in their local markets in the current market environment. The structure and responsibilities of...

78 FR 46949 - FDIC Advisory Committee on Community Banking; Notice of Charter Renewal

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-02

... Advisory Committee on Community Banking (``the Committee'') is in the public interest in connection with... services in their local markets in the current market environment. The structure and responsibilities of...

Scale-dependency of macroinvertebrate communities: responses to contaminated sediments within run-of-river dams.

PubMed

Colas, Fanny; Archaimbault, Virginie; Devin, Simon

2011-03-01

Due to their nutrient recycling function and their importance in food-webs, macroinvertebrates are essential for the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. These organisms also constitute an important component of biodiversity. Sediment evaluation and monitoring is an essential aspect of ecosystem monitoring since sediments represent an important component of aquatic habitats and are also a potential source of contamination. In this study, we focused on macroinvertebrate communities within run-of-river dams, that are prime areas for sediment and pollutant accumulation. Little is known about littoral macroinvertebrate communities within run-of-river dam or their response to sediment levels and pollution. We therefore aimed to evaluate the following aspects: the functional and structural composition of macroinvertebrate communities in run-of-river dams; the impact of pollutant accumulation on such communities, and the most efficient scales and tools needed for the biomonitoring of contaminated sediments in such environments. Two run-of-river dams located in the French alpine area were selected and three spatial scales were examined: transversal (banks and channel), transversal x longitudinal (banks/channel x tail/middle/dam) and patch scale (erosion, sedimentation and vegetation habitats). At the patch scale, we noted that the heterogeneity of littoral habitats provided many available niches that allow for the development of diversified macroinvertebrate communities. This implies highly variable responses to contamination. Once combined on a global 'banks' spatial scale, littoral habitats can highlight the effects of toxic disturbances. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

ChemBank: a small-molecule screening and cheminformatics resource database.

PubMed

Seiler, Kathleen Petri; George, Gregory A; Happ, Mary Pat; Bodycombe, Nicole E; Carrinski, Hyman A; Norton, Stephanie; Brudz, Steve; Sullivan, John P; Muhlich, Jeremy; Serrano, Martin; Ferraiolo, Paul; Tolliday, Nicola J; Schreiber, Stuart L; Clemons, Paul A

2008-01-01

ChemBank (http://chembank.broad.harvard.edu/) is a public, web-based informatics environment developed through a collaboration between the Chemical Biology Program and Platform at the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT. This knowledge environment includes freely available data derived from small molecules and small-molecule screens and resources for studying these data. ChemBank is unique among small-molecule databases in its dedication to the storage of raw screening data, its rigorous definition of screening experiments in terms of statistical hypothesis testing, and its metadata-based organization of screening experiments into projects involving collections of related assays. ChemBank stores an increasingly varied set of measurements derived from cells and other biological assay systems treated with small molecules. Analysis tools are available and are continuously being developed that allow the relationships between small molecules, cell measurements, and cell states to be studied. Currently, ChemBank stores information on hundreds of thousands of small molecules and hundreds of biomedically relevant assays that have been performed at the Broad Institute by collaborators from the worldwide research community. The goal of ChemBank is to provide life scientists unfettered access to biomedically relevant data and tools heretofore available primarily in the private sector.

12 CFR 563e.24 - Service test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... of alternative systems for delivering retail banking services (e.g., ATMs, ATMs not owned or operated... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Service test. 563e.24 Section 563e.24 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Standards for...

12 CFR 345.24 - Service test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... systems for delivering retail banking services (e.g., RSFs, RSFs not owned or operated by or exclusively... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Service test. 345.24 Section 345.24 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION REGULATIONS AND STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY COMMUNITY...

12 CFR 25.24 - Service test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... of alternative systems for delivering retail banking services (e.g., ATMs, ATMs not owned or operated... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Service test. 25.24 Section 25.24 Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT ACT AND INTERSTATE...

76 FR 5811 - Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Bank Holding Companies

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-02

... Peoples Bank, Mendenhall, Mississippi. B. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (Glenda Wilson, Community... FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Bank Holding Companies The companies listed in this notice have applied to the Board for approval, pursuant to the Bank Holding Company...

12 CFR 228.27 - Strategic plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... involvement in formulating the plan, written public comment on the plan, and any response by the bank to... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Strategic plan. 228.27 Section 228.27 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM COMMUNITY...

12 CFR 228.27 - Strategic plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... involvement in formulating the plan, written public comment on the plan, and any response by the bank to... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Strategic plan. 228.27 Section 228.27 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM COMMUNITY...

12 CFR 345.27 - Strategic plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... involvement in formulating the plan, written public comment on the plan, and any response by the bank to... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Strategic plan. 345.27 Section 345.27 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION REGULATIONS AND STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY COMMUNITY...

12 CFR 345.27 - Strategic plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... involvement in formulating the plan, written public comment on the plan, and any response by the bank to... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Strategic plan. 345.27 Section 345.27 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION REGULATIONS AND STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY COMMUNITY...

12 CFR 345.27 - Strategic plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... involvement in formulating the plan, written public comment on the plan, and any response by the bank to... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Strategic plan. 345.27 Section 345.27 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION REGULATIONS AND STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY COMMUNITY...

12 CFR 1290.7 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Reports. 1290.7 Section 1290.7 Banks and Banking FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE AGENCY HOUSING GOALS AND MISSION COMMUNITY SUPPORT REQUIREMENTS § 1290.7 Reports. Each Advisory Council annual report submitted to FHFA pursuant to section 10(j)(11) of the Bank...

12 CFR 1290.7 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 9 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Reports. 1290.7 Section 1290.7 Banks and Banking FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE AGENCY HOUSING GOALS AND MISSION COMMUNITY SUPPORT REQUIREMENTS § 1290.7 Reports. Each Advisory Council annual report submitted to FHFA pursuant to section 10(j)(11) of the Bank...

12 CFR 944.7 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Reports. 944.7 Section 944.7 Banks and Banking FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE BOARD FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK MISSION COMMUNITY SUPPORT REQUIREMENTS § 944.7 Reports. Each Advisory Council annual report required to be submitted to the Finance Board pursuant to...

12 CFR 1290.7 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 10 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Reports. 1290.7 Section 1290.7 Banks and Banking FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE AGENCY HOUSING GOALS AND MISSION COMMUNITY SUPPORT REQUIREMENTS § 1290.7 Reports. Each Advisory Council annual report submitted to FHFA pursuant to section 10(j)(11) of the Bank...

78 FR 65311 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-31

..., Wisconsin. B. Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis (Jacqueline G. King, Community Affairs Officer) 90... thereby indirectly retain voting shares of Rivers Ridge Holding Company, both in Edina, Minnesota, and...

77 FR 48156 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-13

... Reserve Bank of Minneapolis (Jacqueline G. King, Community Affairs Officer) 90 Hennepin Avenue... Dakota; Jeffrey Topp, Grace City, North Dakota; Janet Topp, Grace City, North Dakota; and Roger Kenner...

77 FR 71593 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-03

... December 17, 2012. A. Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis (Jacqueline G. King, Community Affairs Officer) 90 Hennepin Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55480-0291: 1. Stephen Wellington, Jr., Saint Paul...

Stages of growth theory and money flows from commercial banks in timber-dependent communities.

Treesearch

Con H. Schallau

1980-01-01

The flow of funds from commercial banks in western Oregon may indicate how a timber shortfall will affect community stability. Results suggest the inappropriateness of a single public forest management policy.

78 FR 16856 - FDIC Advisory Committee on Community Banking; Notice of Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-19

... viewing, a high speed Internet connection is recommended. The Community Banking meeting videos are made... Insurance Corporation. Valerie J. Best, Assistant Executive Secretary. [FR Doc. 2013-06272 Filed 3-18-13; 8...

Effects of Water Level on Three Wetlands Soil Seed Banks on the Tibetan Plateau

PubMed Central

Ma, Miaojun; Ma, Zhen; Du, Guozhen

2014-01-01

Background Although the effect of water level on germination in soil seed banks has been documented in many ecosystems, the mechanism is not fully understood, and to date no empirical studies on this subject exist. Further, no work has been done on the effect of water level on seed banks of drying and saline-alkaline wetlands in alpine areas on the Tibetan Plateau. Methodology We examined the effects of water level (0 cm, 5 cm and 10 cm) on seed germination and seedling establishment from soil seed banks at 0–5 cm and 5–10 cm depths in typical, drying, and saline-alkaline wetlands. We also explore the potential role of soil seed bank in restoration of drying and saline-alkaline wetlands. Principal Findings Species richness decreased with increase in water level, but there almost no change in seed density. A huge difference exists in species composition of the seed bank among different water levels in all three wetlands, especially between 0 cm and 5 cm and 0 cm and 10 cm. Similarity of species composition between seed bank and plant community was higher in 0 cm water level in drying wetland than in the other two wetlands. The similarity was much higher in 0 cm water level than in 5 cm and 10 cm water levels in all three wetlands. Species composition of the alpine wetland plant community changed significantly after drying and salinization, however, species composition of the seed bank was unchanged regardless of the environment change. Conclusions/Significance Water level greatly affects seed bank recruitment and plant community establishment. Further, different water levels in restored habitats are likely to determine its species composition of the plant community. The seed bank is important in restoration of degraded wetlands. Successful restoration of drying and salinization wetlands could depend on the seed bank. PMID:24984070

76 FR 28435 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-17

... June 1, 2011. A. Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis (Jacqueline G. King, Community Affairs Officer) 90.... Short, University Heights, Ohio; Colleen V. Short, Edina, Minnesota; and the trustees (Marion D. Short...

78 FR 38978 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-28

..., Georgia, and Stevan Reynolds Tuck, Dawson, Georgia, to retain control of Georgia Community Bancorp, Inc..., Reynolds, Georgia. B. Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (Gerald C. Tsai, Director, Applications and...

12 CFR 303.184 - Moving an insured branch of a foreign bank.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... is located prior to its being moved and in the community to which it is to be moved. The notice shall... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Moving an insured branch of a foreign bank. 303... PRACTICE FILING PROCEDURES International Banking § 303.184 Moving an insured branch of a foreign bank. (a...

Development of a Nutrition Education Intervention for Food Bank Clients.

PubMed

Dave, Jayna M; Thompson, Deborah I; Svendsen-Sanchez, Ann; McNeill, Lorna Haughton; Jibaja-Weiss, Maria

2017-03-01

The focus of this article is the development of a nutrition education intervention for food bank clients. Formative research using mixed-methods (qualitative and quantitative) and community-based participatory research principles was conducted to assess the nutrition education needs of clients obtaining service from the Houston Food Bank (HFB). Participants were HFB and pantry staff and clients. Interview data were coded and analyzed using grounded theory approach. Themes were then identified. Quantitative data were analyzed for frequencies and descriptives. Data were used to tailor the curriculum to the target population. Six HFB staff, 49 pantry staff from 17 pantries, and 54 clients from 10 pantries participated in interviews and focus groups and completed questionnaires. The participants provided opinion on the current nutrition education provided via the food bank and made suggestions on strategies for development of an intervention. Their feedback was used to develop the six-session intervention curriculum to be delivered over 6 months. This research provides evidence that it is critical for members of the target audience be included in formative research to develop behavior change programs that are relevant and appealing and target their needs and interests.

12 CFR 952.5 - Community Investment Cash Advance Programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... chapter. (2) Each Bank shall offer a CIP to provide financing for housing projects and for eligible... than CIP, involving a combination of housing projects and economic development projects, only the... respective CICA program. (2) For projects funded under CIP, both the housing and economic development...

12 CFR 952.5 - Community Investment Cash Advance Programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... chapter. (2) Each Bank shall offer a CIP to provide financing for housing projects and for eligible... than CIP, involving a combination of housing projects and economic development projects, only the... respective CICA program. (2) For projects funded under CIP, both the housing and economic development...

12 CFR 952.5 - Community Investment Cash Advance Programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... chapter. (2) Each Bank shall offer a CIP to provide financing for housing projects and for eligible... than CIP, involving a combination of housing projects and economic development projects, only the... respective CICA program. (2) For projects funded under CIP, both the housing and economic development...

12 CFR 952.5 - Community Investment Cash Advance Programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... chapter. (2) Each Bank shall offer a CIP to provide financing for housing projects and for eligible... than CIP, involving a combination of housing projects and economic development projects, only the... respective CICA program. (2) For projects funded under CIP, both the housing and economic development...

PDBe: Protein Data Bank in Europe

PubMed Central

Velankar, Sameer; Alhroub, Younes; Alili, Anaëlle; Best, Christoph; Boutselakis, Harry C.; Caboche, Ségolène; Conroy, Matthew J.; Dana, Jose M.; van Ginkel, Glen; Golovin, Adel; Gore, Swanand P.; Gutmanas, Aleksandras; Haslam, Pauline; Hirshberg, Miriam; John, Melford; Lagerstedt, Ingvar; Mir, Saqib; Newman, Laurence E.; Oldfield, Tom J.; Penkett, Chris J.; Pineda-Castillo, Jorge; Rinaldi, Luana; Sahni, Gaurav; Sawka, Grégoire; Sen, Sanchayita; Slowley, Robert; Sousa da Silva, Alan Wilter; Suarez-Uruena, Antonio; Swaminathan, G. Jawahar; Symmons, Martyn F.; Vranken, Wim F.; Wainwright, Michael; Kleywegt, Gerard J.

2011-01-01

The Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe; pdbe.org) is actively involved in managing the international archive of biomacromolecular structure data as one of the partners in the Worldwide Protein Data Bank (wwPDB; wwpdb.org). PDBe also develops new tools to make structural data more widely and more easily available to the biomedical community. PDBe has developed a browser to access and analyze the structural archive using classification systems that are familiar to chemists and biologists. The PDBe web pages that describe individual PDB entries have been enhanced through the introduction of plain-English summary pages and iconic representations of the contents of an entry (PDBprints). In addition, the information available for structures determined by means of NMR spectroscopy has been expanded. Finally, the entire web site has been redesigned to make it substantially easier to use for expert and novice users alike. PDBe works closely with other teams at the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) and in the international scientific community to develop new resources with value-added information. The SIFTS initiative is an example of such a collaboration—it provides extensive mapping data between proteins whose structures are available from the PDB and a host of other biomedical databases. SIFTS is widely used by major bioinformatics resources. PMID:21045060

Wound Documentation by Using 3G Mobile as Acquisition Terminal: An Appropriate Proposal for Community Wound Care.

PubMed

Ge, Kui; Wu, Minjie; Liu, Hu; Gong, Jiahong; Zhang, Yi; Hu, Qiang; Fang, Min; Tao, Yanping; Cai, Minqiang; Chen, Hua; Wang, Jianbo; Xie, Ting; Lu, Shuliang

2015-06-01

The increasing numbers of cases of wound disease are now posing a big challenge in China. For more convenience of wound patients, wound management in community health care centers under the supervision of a specialist at general hospitals is an ideal solution. To ensure an accurate diagnosis in community health clinics, it is important that "the same language" for wound description, which may be composed of unified format description, including wound image, must be achieved. We developed a wound information management system that was built up by acquisition terminal, wound description, data bank, and related software. In this system, a 3G mobile phone was applied as acquisition terminal, which could be used to access to the data bank. This documentation system was thought to be an appropriate proposal for community wound care because of its objectivity, uniformity, and facilitation. It also provides possibility for epidemiological study in the future. © The Author(s) 2014.

76 FR 24489 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-02

... May 17, 2011. A. Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis (Jacqueline G. King, Community Affairs Officer..., University Heights, Ohio; Colleen V. Short, Edina, Minnesota, on behalf of one or more of seventeen Short...

77 FR 75521 - Community Reinvestment Act Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-21

... thresholds used to define ``small bank'' or ``small savings association'' and ``intermediate small bank'' or ``intermediate small savings association.'' As required by the CRA regulations, the adjustment to the threshold... intermediate small banks and savings associations. The regulations define small and intermediate small banks...

76 FR 15311 - Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Bank Holding Companies

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-21

..., Spencer, Indiana, to become a bank holding by acquiring 100 percent of the voting shares of Owen Community... St. Louis (Glenda Wilson, Community Affairs Officer) P.O. Box 442, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-2034: 1...

Energy Efficiency in Housing Act of 2009

THOMAS, 111th Congress

Sen. Whitehouse, Sheldon [D-RI

2009-06-25

Senate - 06/30/2010 Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Subcommittee on Housing, Transportation and Community Development. Hearings held. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

Improving Soil Seed Bank Management.

PubMed

Haring, Steven C; Flessner, Michael L

2018-05-08

Problems associated with simplified weed management motivate efforts for diversification. Integrated weed management uses fundamentals of weed biology and applied ecology to provide a framework for diversified weed management programs; the soil seed bank comprises a necessary part of this framework. By targeting seeds, growers can inhibit the propagule pressure on which annual weeds depend for agricultural invasion. Some current management practices affect weed seed banks, such as crop rotation and tillage, but these tools are often used without specific intention to manage weed seeds. Difficulties quantifying the weed seed bank, understanding seed bank phenology, and linking seed banks to emerged weed communities challenge existing soil seed bank management practices. Improved seed bank quantification methods could include DNA profiling of the soil seed bank, mark and recapture, or 3D LIDAR mapping. Successful and sustainable soil seed bank management must constrain functionally diverse and changing weed communities. Harvest weed seed controls represent a step forward, but over-reliance on this singular technique could make it short-lived. Researchers must explore tools inspired by other pest management disciplines, such as gene drives or habitat modification for predatory organisms. Future weed seed bank management will combine multiple complementary practices that enhance diverse agroecosystems. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Developing an item bank to measure economic quality of life for individuals with disabilities.

PubMed

Tulsky, David S; Kisala, Pamela A; Lai, Jin-Shei; Carlozzi, Noelle; Hammel, Joy; Heinemann, Allen W

2015-04-01

To develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of an item set measuring economic quality of life (QOL) for use by individuals with disabilities. Survey. Community settings. Individuals with disabilities completed individual interviews (n=64), participated in focus groups (n=172), and completed cognitive interviews (n=15). Inclusion criteria included the following: traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, or stroke; age ≥18 years; and ability to read and speak English. We calibrated the items with 305 former rehabilitation inpatients. None. Economic QOL. Confirmatory factor analysis showed acceptable fit indices (comparative fit index=.939, root mean square error of approximation=.089) for the 37 items. However, 3 items demonstrated local item dependence. Dropping 9 items improved fit and obviated local dependence. Rasch analysis of the remaining 28 items yielded a person reliability of .92, suggesting that these items discriminate about 4 economic QOL levels. We developed a 28-item bank that measures economic aspects of QOL. Preliminary confirmatory factor analysis and Rasch analysis results support the psychometric properties of this new measure. It fills a gap in health-related QOL measurement by describing the economic barriers and facilitators of community participation. Future development will make the item bank available as a computer adaptive test. Copyright © 2015 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

77 FR 19417 - Proposed Guidance on Leveraged Lending

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-30

... engaged in leveraged lending activities. The number of community banking organizations with substantial exposure to leveraged lending is very small; therefore the Agencies generally expect that community banking... that they understand their risks and the potential impact of stressful events and circumstances on...

Soil seed bank recovery occurs more rapidly than expected in semi-arid Mediterranean gypsum vegetation.

PubMed

Olano, J M; Caballero, I; Escudero, A

2012-01-01

Seed banks are critical in arid ecosystems and ensure the persistence of species. Despite the importance of seed banks, knowledge about their formation and the extent to which a seed bank can recover after severe perturbation remains scarce. If undisturbed, soil seed banks reflect a long vegetation history; therefore, we would expect that new soil seed banks and those of undisturbed soils require long periods to become similar with respect to both density and composition. In contrast, if soil seed banks are only a short- to mid-term reservoir in which long-term accumulation constitutes only a tiny fraction, they will recover rapidly from the vegetation. To shed light on this question, we evaluated seed bank formation in a semi-arid gypsum community. Soils from 300 plots were replaced with sterilized soil in an undisturbed semi-arid Mediterranean community. Seasonal changes in seed bank density and composition were monitored for 3 years by comparing paired sterilized and control soil samples at each plot. Differences in seed bank density between sterilized and control soil disappeared after 18 months. The composition of sterilized seed banks was correlated with that of the control plots from the first sampling date, and both were highly correlated with vegetation. Nearly 24 % of the seed bank density could be attributed to secondary dispersal. Most seeds died before emergence (66·41-71·33 %), whereas the rest either emerged (14·08-15·48 %) or persisted in the soil (14·59-18·11 %). Seed banks can recover very rapidly even under the limiting and stressful conditions of semi-arid environments. This recovery is based mainly on the seed rain at small scales together with secondary dispersal from intact seed banks in the vicinity. These results emphasize the relevance of processes occurring on short spatial scales in determining community structure.

American Association of Tissue Banks

MedlinePlus

... Committees Accreditation American Board of Tissue Banking Bylaws / Ethics Communications Donor Family Services Ad Hoc Committee Education Finance ... Bureau Accredited Bank Search Bookstore Bulletins Global Topics Communications & Media Job Center News Releases Patients and Community Useful ...

A qualitative study of nutrition-based initiatives at selected food banks in the feeding America network.

PubMed

Handforth, Becky; Hennink, Monique; Schwartz, Marlene B

2013-03-01

Food banks are the foundation of the US emergency food system. Although their primary mission is to alleviate hunger, the rise in obesity and diet-related diseases among food-insecure individuals has led some food bank personnel to actively promote more nutritious products. A qualitative interview approach was used to assess nutrition-related policies and practices among a sample of 20 food banks from the national Feeding America network. Most food bank personnel reported efforts to provide more fresh produce to their communities. Several described nutrition-profiling systems to evaluate the quality of products. Some food banks had implemented nutrition policies to cease distributing low-nutrient products, such as soda and candy; however, these policies were more controversial than other strategies. The obstacles to implementing strong nutrition policies included fear of reducing the total amount of food distributed, discomfort choosing which foods should not be permitted, and concern about jeopardizing relationships with donors and community partners. Empirical research is needed to measure how food bank nutrition policies influence relationships with food donors, the amount of food distributed, the nutritional quality of food distributed, and the contribution of food bank products to the food security and nutritional status of the communities they serve. Copyright © 2013 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

12 CFR 195.24 - Service test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Service test. 195.24 Section 195.24 Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 195.24 Service test. (a) Scope of test. The service test evaluates a savings...

12 CFR 228.23 - Investment test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Investment test. 228.23 Section 228.23 Banks... COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT (REGULATION BB) Standards for Assessing Performance § 228.23 Investment test. (a) Scope of test. The investment test evaluates a bank's record of helping to meet the credit needs of its...

12 CFR 345.24 - Service test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Service test. 345.24 Section 345.24 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION REGULATIONS AND STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 345.24 Service test. (a) Scope of test. The service test...

12 CFR 228.23 - Investment test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Investment test. 228.23 Section 228.23 Banks... COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT (REGULATION BB) Standards for Assessing Performance § 228.23 Investment test. (a) Scope of test. The investment test evaluates a bank's record of helping to meet the credit needs of its...

12 CFR 345.24 - Service test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Service test. 345.24 Section 345.24 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION REGULATIONS AND STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 345.24 Service test. (a) Scope of test. The service test...

12 CFR 228.23 - Investment test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Investment test. 228.23 Section 228.23 Banks... COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT (REGULATION BB) Standards for Assessing Performance § 228.23 Investment test. (a) Scope of test. The investment test evaluates a bank's record of helping to meet the credit needs of its...

78 FR 51726 - Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Bank Holding Companies

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-21

... thereby indirectly acquire Peoples Community State Bank, Doniphan, Missouri. Board of Governors of the... FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Bank Holding Companies The companies listed in this notice have applied to the Board for approval, pursuant to the Bank Holding Company...

12 CFR 345.29 - Effect of CRA performance on applications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Effect of CRA performance on applications. 345.29 Section 345.29 Banks and Banking FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION REGULATIONS AND STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 345.29 Effect of CRA...

Replacing America's Job Bank

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vollman, Jim

2009-01-01

The Job Central National Labor Exchange (www.jobcentral.com) has become the effective replacement for America's Job Bank with state workforce agencies and, increasingly, with community colleges throughout the country. The American Association of Community Colleges (AACC) has formed a partnership with Job Central to promote its use throughout the…

Do invasive alien plants really threaten river bank vegetation? A case study based on plant communities typical for Chenopodium ficifolium-An indicator of large river valleys.

PubMed

Nobis, Agnieszka; Nowak, Arkadiusz; Rola, Kaja

2018-01-01

Riparian zones are very rich in species but subjected to strong anthropogenic changes and extremely prone to alien plant invasions, which are considered to be a serious threat to biodiversity. Our aim was to determine the spatial distribution of Chenopodium ficifolium, a species demonstrating strong confinement to large river valleys in Central Europe and an indicator of annual pioneer nitrophilous vegetation developing on river banks, which are considered to be of importance to the European Community. Additionally, the habitat preferences of the species were analysed. Differences in the richness and abundance of species diagnostic for riverside habitats, as well as the contribution of resident and invasive alien species in vegetation plots along three rivers differing in terms of size and anthropogenic impact were also examined. Finally, the effect of invaders on the phytocoenoses typical for C. ficifolium was assessed. The frequency of C. ficifolium clearly decreased with an increasing distance from the river. Among natural habitats, the species mostly preferred the banks of large rivers. The vegetation plots developing on the banks of the three studied rivers differed in total species richness, the number and cover of resident, diagnostic and invasive alien species, as well as in species composition. Our research indicates that abiotic and anthropogenic factors are the most significant drivers of species richness and plant cover of riverbank vegetation, and invasive alien plants affect this type of vegetation to a small extent.

Do invasive alien plants really threaten river bank vegetation? A case study based on plant communities typical for Chenopodium ficifolium—An indicator of large river valleys

PubMed Central

Nowak, Arkadiusz; Rola, Kaja

2018-01-01

Riparian zones are very rich in species but subjected to strong anthropogenic changes and extremely prone to alien plant invasions, which are considered to be a serious threat to biodiversity. Our aim was to determine the spatial distribution of Chenopodium ficifolium, a species demonstrating strong confinement to large river valleys in Central Europe and an indicator of annual pioneer nitrophilous vegetation developing on river banks, which are considered to be of importance to the European Community. Additionally, the habitat preferences of the species were analysed. Differences in the richness and abundance of species diagnostic for riverside habitats, as well as the contribution of resident and invasive alien species in vegetation plots along three rivers differing in terms of size and anthropogenic impact were also examined. Finally, the effect of invaders on the phytocoenoses typical for C. ficifolium was assessed. The frequency of C. ficifolium clearly decreased with an increasing distance from the river. Among natural habitats, the species mostly preferred the banks of large rivers. The vegetation plots developing on the banks of the three studied rivers differed in total species richness, the number and cover of resident, diagnostic and invasive alien species, as well as in species composition. Our research indicates that abiotic and anthropogenic factors are the most significant drivers of species richness and plant cover of riverbank vegetation, and invasive alien plants affect this type of vegetation to a small extent. PMID:29543919

FIM-Minimum Data Set Motor Item Bank: Short Forms Development and Precision Comparison in Veterans.

PubMed

Li, Chih-Ying; Romero, Sergio; Simpson, Annie N; Bonilha, Heather S; Simpson, Kit N; Hong, Ickpyo; Velozo, Craig A

2018-03-01

To improve the practical use of the short forms (SFs) developed from the item bank, we compared the measurement precision of the 4- and 8-item SFs generated from a motor item bank composed of the FIM and the Minimum Data Set (MDS). The FIM-MDS motor item bank allowed scores generated from different instruments to be co-calibrated. The 4- and 8-item SFs were developed based on Rasch analysis procedures. This article compared person strata, ceiling/floor effects, and test SE plots for each administration form and examined 95% confidence interval error bands of anchored person measures with the corresponding SFs. We used 0.3 SE as a criterion to reflect a reliability level of .90. Veterans' inpatient rehabilitation facilities and community living centers. Veterans (N=2500) who had both FIM and the MDS data within 6 days during 2008 through 2010. Not applicable. Four- and 8-item SFs of FIM, MDS, and FIM-MDS motor item bank. Six SFs were generated with 4 and 8 items across a range of difficulty levels from the FIM-MDS motor item bank. The three 8-item SFs all had higher correlations with the item bank (r=.82-.95), higher person strata, and less test error than the corresponding 4-item SFs (r=.80-.90). The three 4-item SFs did not meet the criteria of SE <0.3 for any theta values. Eight-item SFs could improve clinical use of the item bank composed of existing instruments across the continuum of care in veterans. We also found that the number of items, not test specificity, determines the precision of the instrument. Copyright © 2017 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. All rights reserved.

Soil spore bank communities of ectomycorrhizal fungi in endangered Chinese Douglas-fir forests.

PubMed

Wen, Zhugui; Shi, Liang; Tang, Yangze; Hong, Lizhou; Xue, Jiawang; Xing, Jincheng; Chen, Yahua; Nara, Kazuhide

2018-01-01

Chinese Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga sinensis) is an endangered Pinaceae species found in several isolated regions of China. Although soil spore banks of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi can play an important role in seedling establishment after disturbance, such as in the well-known North American relative (Pseudotsuga menziesii), we have no information about soil spore bank communities in relict forests of Chinese Douglas-fir. We conducted bioassays of 73 soil samples collected from three Chinese Douglas-fir forests, using North American Douglas-fir as bait seedlings, and identified 19 species of ECM fungi. The observed spore bank communities were significantly different from those found in ECM fungi on the roots of resident trees at the same sites (p = 0.02). The levels of potassium (K), nitrogen (N), organic matter, and the pH of soil were the dominant factors shaping spore bank community structure. A new Rhizopogon species was the most dominant species in the spore banks. Specifically, at a site on Sanqing Mountain, 22 of the 57 surviving bioassay seedlings (representing 21 of the 23 soil samples) were colonized by this species. ECM fungal richness significantly affected the growth of bioassay seedlings (R 2  = 0.20, p = 0.007). Growth was significantly improved in seedlings colonized by Rhizopogon or Meliniomyces species compared with uncolonized seedlings. Considering its specificity to Chinese Douglas-fir, predominance in the soil spore banks, and positive effect on host growth, this new Rhizopogon species could play critical roles in seedling establishment and forest regeneration of endangered Chinese Douglas-fir.

78 FR 56247 - Notice of Permit Applications Received Under the Antarctic Conservation Act of 1978 (Pub. L. 95-541)

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-12

... the Antarctic Science, Tourism and Conservation Act of 1996, has developed regulations for the... the permit . Litchfield Island has thriving and pristine peat moss bank communities. Samples could be...

Helping Responsible Homeowners Act

THOMAS, 112th Congress

Sen. Boxer, Barbara [D-CA

2011-01-25

Senate - 09/14/2011 Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Subcommittee on Housing, Transportation and Community Development. Hearings held. With printed Hearing: S.Hrg. 112-382. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

A bill to assist the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development in stabilizing the Home Equity Conversion Mortgage program.

THOMAS, 113th Congress

Sen. Menendez, Robert [D-NJ

2013-03-06

Senate - 06/18/2013 Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Subcommittee on Housing, Transportation, and Community Development. Hearings held. With printed Hearing: S.Hrg. 113-61. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

12 CFR 1805.804 - Data collection and reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Data collection and reporting. 1805.804 Section... Data collection and reporting. (a) Data—General. An Awardee (and a Community Partner, if appropriate.... An Awardee (and a Community Partner, if appropriate) shall compile such data on the gender, race...

42 CFR 485.643 - Condition of participation: Organ, tissue, and eye procurement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... consultation with the tissue and eye banks identified by the CAH for this purpose; (b) Incorporate an agreement with at least one tissue bank and at least one eye bank to cooperate in the retrieval, processing... in conjunction with the tissue and eye bank community in the methodology for approaching potential...

42 CFR 485.643 - Condition of participation: Organ, tissue, and eye procurement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... consultation with the tissue and eye banks identified by the CAH for this purpose; (b) Incorporate an agreement with at least one tissue bank and at least one eye bank to cooperate in the retrieval, processing... in conjunction with the tissue and eye bank community in the methodology for approaching potential...

42 CFR 485.643 - Condition of participation: Organ, tissue, and eye procurement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... consultation with the tissue and eye banks identified by the CAH for this purpose; (b) Incorporate an agreement with at least one tissue bank and at least one eye bank to cooperate in the retrieval, processing... in conjunction with the tissue and eye bank community in the methodology for approaching potential...

12 CFR 345.23 - Investment test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Investment test. 345.23 Section 345.23 Banks... COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 345.23 Investment test. (a) Scope of test. The investment test evaluates a bank's record of helping to meet the credit needs of its assessment area(s...

12 CFR 980.7 - Examinations; requests for additional information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... new business activity, nothing in this part shall limit the right of the Finance Board at any time to... business activity is consistent with the housing finance and community lending mission of the Banks and the... information. 980.7 Section 980.7 Banks and Banking FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE BOARD NEW FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK...

12 CFR 980.7 - Examinations; requests for additional information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... new business activity, nothing in this part shall limit the right of the Finance Board at any time to... business activity is consistent with the housing finance and community lending mission of the Banks and the... information. 980.7 Section 980.7 Banks and Banking FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE BOARD NEW FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK...

12 CFR 228.24 - Service test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Service test. 228.24 Section 228.24 Banks and...) COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT (REGULATION BB) Standards for Assessing Performance § 228.24 Service test. (a) Scope of test. The service test evaluates a bank's record of helping to meet the credit needs of its...

12 CFR 563e.24 - Service test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Service test. 563e.24 Section 563e.24 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 563e.24 Service test. (a) Scope of test. The service test evaluates a savings...

12 CFR 228.22 - Lending test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Lending test. 228.22 Section 228.22 Banks and...) COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT (REGULATION BB) Standards for Assessing Performance § 228.22 Lending test. (a) Scope of test. (1) The lending test evaluates a bank's record of helping to meet the credit needs of its...

12 CFR 563e.24 - Service test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Service test. 563e.24 Section 563e.24 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 563e.24 Service test. (a) Scope of test. The service test evaluates a savings...

12 CFR 345.23 - Investment test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Investment test. 345.23 Section 345.23 Banks... COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 345.23 Investment test. (a) Scope of test. The investment test evaluates a bank's record of helping to meet the credit needs of its assessment area(s...

12 CFR 345.23 - Investment test.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Investment test. 345.23 Section 345.23 Banks... COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 345.23 Investment test. (a) Scope of test. The investment test evaluates a bank's record of helping to meet the credit needs of its assessment area(s...

78 FR 42523 - Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Bank Holding Companies

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-16

... Vice President) 230 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60690-1414: 1. Home Bancorp Wisconsin, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin; to become a bank holding company by acquiring 100 percent of the voting shares of Home Savings Bank, Madison, Wisconsin. B. Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis (Jacqueline G. King, Community...

12 CFR 563e.29 - Effect of CRA performance on applications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Effect of CRA performance on applications. 563e.29 Section 563e.29 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 563e.29 Effect of CRA performance on...

12 CFR Appendix B to Part 228 - CRA Notice

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false CRA Notice B Appendix B to Part 228 Banks and..., if an interstate bank, one branch office in each state. Community Reinvestment Act Notice Under the... involvement is encouraged. You are entitled to certain information about our operations and our performance...

12 CFR 1807.101 - Summary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Awardees to receive financial assistance grants through a merit-based, competitive application process. Financial assistance grants that are awarded through the CMF may only be used for eligible uses set forth in... Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY CAPITAL MAGNET FUND...

12 CFR 1807.101 - Summary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Awardees to receive financial assistance grants through a merit-based, competitive application process. Financial assistance grants that are awarded through the CMF may only be used for eligible uses set forth in... Banking COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FUND, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY CAPITAL MAGNET FUND...

The Future of the Protein Data Bank

PubMed Central

Berman, Helen M.; Kleywegt, Gerard J.; Nakamura, Haruki; Markley, John L.

2013-01-01

The Worldwide Protein Data Bank (wwPDB) is the international collaboration that manages the deposition, processing and distribution of the PDB archive. The wwPDB’s mission is to maintain a single archive of macromolecular structural data that are freely and publicly available to the global community. Its members [RCSB PDB (USA), PDBe (Europe), PDBj (Japan), and BMRB (USA)] host data-deposition sites and mirror the PDB ftp archive. To support future developments in structural biology, the wwPDB partners are addressing organizational, scientific, and technical challenges. PMID:23023942

Rebuilding fish communities: the ghost of fisheries past and the virtue of patience.

PubMed

Collie, Jeremy; Rochet, Marie-Joëlle; Bell, Richard

2013-03-01

The ecosystem approach to management requires the status of individual species to be considered in a community context. We conducted a comparative ecosystem analysis of the Georges Bank and North Sea fish communities to determine the extent to which biological diversity is restored when fishing pressure is reduced. First, fishing mortality estimates were combined to quantify the community-level intensity and selectivity of fishing pressure. Second, standardized bottom-trawl survey data were used to investigate the temporal trends in community metrics. Third, a size-based, multispecies model (LeMans) was simulated to test the response of community metrics to both hypothetical and observed changes in fishing pressure in the two communities. These temperate North Atlantic fish communities have much in common, including a history of overfishing. In recent decades fishing pressure has been reduced, and some species have started to rebuild. The Georges Bank fishery has been more selective, and fishing pressure was reduced sooner. The two communities have similar levels of size diversity and biomass per unit area, but fundamentally different community structure. The North Sea is dominated by smaller species and has lower evenness than Georges Bank. These fundamental differences in community structure are not explained by recent fishing patterns. The multispecies model was able to predict the observed changes in community metrics better on Georges Bank, where rebuilding is more apparent than in the North Sea. Model simulations predicted hysteresis in rebuilding community metrics toward their unfished levels, particularly in the North Sea. Species in the community rebuild at different rates, with smaller prey species outpacing their large predators and overshooting their pre-exploitation abundances. This indirect effect of predator release delays the rebuilding of community structure and biodiversity. Therefore community rebuilding is not just the sum of single-species rebuilding plans. Management strategies that account for interspecific interactions will be needed to restore biodiversity and community structure.

PCDDB: new developments at the Protein Circular Dichroism Data Bank.

PubMed

Whitmore, Lee; Miles, Andrew John; Mavridis, Lazaros; Janes, Robert W; Wallace, B A

2017-01-04

The Protein Circular Dichroism Data Bank (PCDDB) has been in operation for more than 5 years as a public repository for archiving circular dichroism spectroscopic data and associated bioinformatics and experimental metadata. Since its inception, many improvements and new developments have been made in data display, searching algorithms, data formats, data content, auxillary information, and validation techniques, as well as, of course, an increase in the number of holdings. It provides a site (http://pcddb.cryst.bbk.ac.uk) for authors to deposit experimental data as well as detailed information on methods and calculations associated with published work. It also includes links for each entry to bioinformatics databases. The data are freely available to accessors either as single files or as complete data bank downloads. The PCDDB has found broad usage by the structural biology, bioinformatics, analytical and pharmaceutical communities, and has formed the basis for new software and methods developments. © The Author(s) 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

World Bank credits Uganda with $50m. -- emphasis on communities, NGOs and health.

PubMed

1994-01-01

Between 1983 and 1984, the World Bank financed 11 AIDS/STD projects in Africa, most of which tended to cost comparatively small amounts. It increased the amount of its AIDS/STD loans considerably in 1993 and 1994 ($75 million in Zimbabwe and $50 million in Uganda). The Ugandan government, Germany, Sweden, and the UK are also funding the AIDS/STD project. Since the money is from the Bank's International Development Association, Uganda does not need to pay any interest on the loan. About 1.5 million people in Uganda are HIV positive. The number of AIDS patients continues to rise. The AIDS project in Uganda focuses on prevention of sexual transmission of HIV, mitigation of the personal impact of the epidemic, and institutional development. Prevention of sexual transmission activities are: promotion of safer sex behavior, condoms, and STD care-seeking behavior and effective STD care. Support for community-based and home-based health care and social support for people with AIDS, training staff about and providing drugs for opportunistic infections, protective supplies for public and private district health facilities, and diagnosis and case management of tuberculosis comprise mitigation of the personal impact of AIDS activities. Institutional development efforts include strengthening the district level's capacity to plan, coordinate, implement, monitor, and evaluate integrated AIDS-related activities, and the national level's capacity to provide adequate technical support on health issues linked to AIDS. Three key policies of the project are decentralization, community mobilization, and encouragement of nongovernmental organizations to work with communities and to complement government efforts. A large scale AIDS/STD mass media program is planned. Project goals are: 50% of the population knowing at least 2 actual ways to protect themselves from HIV. 50% of the population using condoms, and 70% of people seeking STD care receiving appropriate STD case management.

Micro-Credit and Community Wildlife Management: Complementary Strategies to Improve Conservation Outcomes in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kaaya, Emmanuel; Chapman, Margaret

2017-09-01

Community wildlife management programs in African protected areas aim to deliver livelihood and social benefits to local communities in order to bolster support for their conservation objectives. Most of these benefits are delivered at the community level. However, many local people are also seeking more individual or household-level livelihood benefits from community wildlife management programs because it is at this level that many of the costs of protected area conservation are borne. Because community wildlife management delivers few benefits at this level, support for their conservation objectives amongst local people often declines. The study investigated the implications of this for reducing poaching in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. Three community wildlife management initiatives undertaken by Park management were compared with regard to their capacity to deliver the individual and household-level benefits sought by local people: community conservation services, wildlife management areas and community conservation banks. Interviews were carried out with poachers and local people from four villages in the Western Serengeti including members of village conservation banks, as well as a number of key informants. The results suggest that community conservation banks could, as a complementary strategy to existing community wildlife management programs, potentially provide a more effective means of reducing poaching in African protected areas than community wildlife management programs alone.

12 CFR Appendix B to Part 195 - CRA Notice

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false CRA Notice B Appendix B to Part 195 Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Pt. 195, App. B Appendix B to Part 195—CRA Notice (a) Notice for main offices and, if an interstate savings association...

12 CFR Appendix B to Part 563e - CRA Notice

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false CRA Notice B Appendix B to Part 563e Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Pt. 563e, App. B... Reinvestment Act (CRA), the Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS) evaluates our record of helping to meet the...

12 CFR 225.127 - Investment in corporations or projects designed primarily to promote community welfare.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Investment in corporations or projects designed... CONTROL (REGULATION Y) Regulations Financial Holding Companies Interpretations § 225.127 Investment in corporations or projects designed primarily to promote community welfare. (a) Under § 225.25(b)(6) of...

A Community Information Network.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Consumers' Association of Canada, Ottawa (Ontario).

The possibility of creating in Canada a non-profit community information network (a set of linked data banks containing information for use by the general public) should be explored. A network to link together a set of data banks containing information for general public use would have the following merits: (1) By its effect on household…

78 FR 57922 - American Energy Production, Inc., Best Energy Services, Inc., Community Central Bank Corporation...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-20

... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION [File No. 500-1] American Energy Production, Inc., Best Energy Services, Inc., Community Central Bank Corporation, Explortex Energy, Inc., HemoBioTech, Inc., Larrea... securities of HemoBioTech, Inc. because it has not filed any periodic reports since the period ended December...

Computer-adaptive test to measure community reintegration of Veterans.

PubMed

Resnik, Linda; Tian, Feng; Ni, Pengsheng; Jette, Alan

2012-01-01

The Community Reintegration of Injured Service Members (CRIS) measure consists of three scales measuring extent of, perceived limitations in, and satisfaction with community reintegration. Length of the CRIS may be a barrier to its widespread use. Using item response theory (IRT) and computer-adaptive test (CAT) methodologies, this study developed and evaluated a briefer community reintegration measure called the CRIS-CAT. Large item banks for each CRIS scale were constructed. A convenience sample of 517 Veterans responded to all items. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were used to identify the dimensionality within each domain, and IRT methods were used to calibrate items. Accuracy and precision of CATs of different lengths were compared with the full-item bank, and data were examined for differential item functioning (DIF). CFAs supported unidimensionality of scales. Acceptable item fit statistics were found for final models. Accuracy of 10-, 15-, 20-, and variable-item CATs for all three scales was 0.88 or above. CAT precision increased with number of items administered and decreased at the upper ranges of each scale. Three items exhibited moderate DIF by sex. The CRIS-CAT demonstrated promising measurement properties and is recommended for use in community reintegration assessment.

Characteristics of movement and factors affecting the choice of mode of transport of community on the bank of Musi River of Palembang City of South Sumatra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arliansyah, Joni; Hartono, Yusuf; Hastuti, Yulia; Astuti, Rinna

2017-11-01

Palembang City is one of the cities having the largest river in Indonesia and it should be able to take advantage of river transportation as an alternative choice. Inadequate availability of river transport facilities and infrastructures makes the people prefer other modes of land transportation rather than using river transportation. In addition, the development planning of river transportation such as the development of river taxi is less successful because it is not yet based on the movement pattern of the origin of the community travel destination. Based on the above matter, this study was conducted. The aim of the study was to find out the characteristics and factors affecting the mode choice of the community living along the bank of Musi River of Palembang City to be the basis of the development of river transportation system in Palembang City. The selected modes were motorcycles, cars, city transports, and ketek (motorized boats). Survey of home interviews was conducted to determine the origin of the destination and characteristics of travel was conducted in 30 villages located on the banks of Musi River. Field survey was conducted to determine the conditions and types of existing river transportation facilities and services. The results show that only 5.3 % of the occurrence movement used river transportation, the rest used motorcycles (69.1%), urban transport (15.9 %) and cars (9.7%), with the travel range less than10 minutes and 10 - 20 minutes as much as 43.2 % and 29 % of the total trips. From the socioeconomic profile of the community, it is found that most of the people living along the Musi River have low and middle incomes with the largest types of jobs as workers, students, shop owner, and housewives. The peak movement time for the movement of river transport occurs at 7:00 - 8:00, 10:00 - 11:00 and 16:00 - 17:00 with the movement of origin of the destination of river transportation is known to be 50% at the traditional market center of Dermaga of 16 Ilir. Types of river transportation used for short trips are large, medium and small motorized boats. While for longer trips there are large and medium size speedboats. The statistical analysis results showed that the parameters affecting the mode choice of the community living along the bank of Musi River were age, occupation, monthly income, house types, and travel time.

Linking Existing Instruments to Develop an Activity of Daily Living Item Bank.

PubMed

Li, Chih-Ying; Romero, Sergio; Bonilha, Heather S; Simpson, Kit N; Simpson, Annie N; Hong, Ickpyo; Velozo, Craig A

2018-03-01

This study examined dimensionality and item-level psychometric properties of an item bank measuring activities of daily living (ADL) across inpatient rehabilitation facilities and community living centers. Common person equating method was used in the retrospective veterans data set. This study examined dimensionality, model fit, local independence, and monotonicity using factor analyses and fit statistics, principal component analysis (PCA), and differential item functioning (DIF) using Rasch analysis. Following the elimination of invalid data, 371 veterans who completed both the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and minimum data set (MDS) within 6 days were retained. The FIM-MDS item bank demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = .98) and met three rating scale diagnostic criteria and three of the four model fit statistics (comparative fit index/Tucker-Lewis index = 0.98, root mean square error of approximation = 0.14, and standardized root mean residual = 0.07). PCA of Rasch residuals showed the item bank explained 94.2% variance. The item bank covered the range of θ from -1.50 to 1.26 (item), -3.57 to 4.21 (person) with person strata of 6.3. The findings indicated the ADL physical function item bank constructed from FIM and MDS measured a single latent trait with overall acceptable item-level psychometric properties, suggesting that it is an appropriate source for developing efficient test forms such as short forms and computerized adaptive tests.

78 FR 79283 - Community Reinvestment Act Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-30

... thresholds used to define ``small bank'' or ``small savings association'' and ``intermediate small bank'' or ``intermediate small savings association.'' As required by the CRA regulations, the adjustment to the threshold... Agencies' CRA regulations establish CRA performance standards for small and intermediate small banks and...

76 FR 53899 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-30

... of Los Angeles, California; to gain control of First BanCorp, and thereby indirectly gain control of... G. King, Community Affairs Officer) 90 Hennepin Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55480-0291: 1. Paul K...

Methodological bias in the seed bank flora holds significant implications for understanding seed bank community functions.

PubMed

Plue, J; Colas, F; Auffret, A G; Cousins, S A O

2017-03-01

Persistent seed banks are a key plant regeneration strategy, buffering environmental variation to allow population and species persistence. Understanding seed bank functioning within herb layer dynamics is therefore important. However, rather than assessing emergence from the seed bank in herb layer gaps, most studies evaluate the seed bank functioning via a greenhouse census. We hypothesise that greenhouse data may not reflect seed bank-driven emergence in disturbance gaps due to methodological differences. Failure in detecting (specialist) species may then introduce methodological bias into the ecological interpretation of seed bank functions using greenhouse data. The persistent seed bank was surveyed in 40 semi-natural grassland plots across a fragmented landscape, quantifying seedling emergence in both the greenhouse and in disturbance gaps. Given the suspected interpretational bias, we tested whether each census uncovers similar seed bank responses to fragmentation. Seed bank characteristics were similar between censuses. Census type affected seed bank composition, with >25% of species retrieved better by either census type, dependent on functional traits including seed longevity, production and size. Habitat specialists emerged more in disturbance gaps than in the greenhouse, while the opposite was true for ruderal species. Both censuses uncovered fragmentation-induced seed bank patterns. Low surface area sampling, larger depth of sampling and germination conditions cause underrepresentation of the habitat-specialised part of the persistent seed bank flora during greenhouse censuses. Methodological bias introduced in the recorded seed bank data may consequently have significant implications for the ecological interpretation of seed bank community functions based on greenhouse data. © 2016 German Botanical Society and The Royal Botanical Society of the Netherlands.

Blood banking in China.

PubMed

Shan, Hua; Wang, Jing-Xing; Ren, Fu-Rong; Zhang, Yuan-Zhi; Zhao, Hai-Yan; Gao, Guo-Jing; Ji, Yang; Ness, Paul M

2002-11-30

While transfusion-transmissible diseases, including AIDS and viral hepatitis, continue to spread especially in developing countries, the issue of safeguarding the world's blood supply is of paramount importance. China houses more than 20% of the earth's population, and thus its blood supply has the potential to affect the global community. In recent years, Chinese blood centres have tried to improve the nation's blood safety. Although substantial progress has already been made, many daunting difficulties remain. Traditional cultural barriers need to be overcome to successfully mobilise volunteer blood donors. Gaps in information and technology still need to be closed. Insufficiency of economic resources also restrict the blood bank industry. Other developing countries face many of the same challenges as China.

PDBe: Protein Data Bank in Europe

PubMed Central

Velankar, S.; Alhroub, Y.; Best, C.; Caboche, S.; Conroy, M. J.; Dana, J. M.; Fernandez Montecelo, M. A.; van Ginkel, G.; Golovin, A.; Gore, S. P.; Gutmanas, A.; Haslam, P.; Hendrickx, P. M. S.; Heuson, E.; Hirshberg, M.; John, M.; Lagerstedt, I.; Mir, S.; Newman, L. E.; Oldfield, T. J.; Patwardhan, A.; Rinaldi, L.; Sahni, G.; Sanz-García, E.; Sen, S.; Slowley, R.; Suarez-Uruena, A.; Swaminathan, G. J.; Symmons, M. F.; Vranken, W. F.; Wainwright, M.; Kleywegt, G. J.

2012-01-01

The Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe; pdbe.org) is a partner in the Worldwide PDB organization (wwPDB; wwpdb.org) and as such actively involved in managing the single global archive of biomacromolecular structure data, the PDB. In addition, PDBe develops tools, services and resources to make structure-related data more accessible to the biomedical community. Here we describe recently developed, extended or improved services, including an animated structure-presentation widget (PDBportfolio), a widget to graphically display the coverage of any UniProt sequence in the PDB (UniPDB), chemistry- and taxonomy-based PDB-archive browsers (PDBeXplore), and a tool for interactive visualization of NMR structures, corresponding experimental data as well as validation and analysis results (Vivaldi). PMID:22110033

75 FR 12544 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisition of Shares of Bank or Bank Holding Companies

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-16

... East Byrd Street, Richmond, Virginia 23261-4528:> 1. Peden B. McLeod, Mary H. McLeod, John R. McLeod, all of Walterboro, South Carolina; Peden B. McLeod, Jr., Mt. Pleasant, South Carolina; Mary C. Benson... of Walterboro, South Carolina. B. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (Glenda Wilson, Community Affairs...

12 CFR Appendix B to Part 563e - CRA Notice

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false CRA Notice B Appendix B to Part 563e Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Pt. 563e, App. B Appendix B to Part 563e—CRA Notice (a) Notice for main offices and, if an interstate savings association...

Why Customers Use or Do Not Use Internet Banking: A Case Study of a Community Bank

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beadnell, Stephen Allen

2014-01-01

The banking industry is being challenged by shareholders and consumers to provide its products in the most efficient manner, provide good customer service, and earn a fair profit. Although the infrastructure is in place to serve most customers through Internet banking, the number of customers using this channel is less than expected. The purpose…

75 FR 45011 - Olde Cypress Community Bank, Clewiston, FL; Notice of Appointment of Receiver

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-30

... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Office of Thrift Supervision Olde Cypress Community Bank, Clewiston, FL... section 5(d)(2) of the Home Owners' Loan Act, the Office of Thrift Supervision has duly appointed the... Supervision. Sandra E. Evans, Federal Register Liaison. [FR Doc. 2010-18613 Filed 7-29-10; 8:45 am] BILLING...

12 CFR 35.4 - Fulfillment of the CRA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY DISCLOSURE AND REPORTING OF CRA..., home-improvement, small business, small farm, community development, and consumer lending, as described... the case of an insured depository institution that is evaluated on the basis of a strategic plan, any...

78 FR 77684 - Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Bank Holding Companies

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-24

... FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Bank Holding Companies The... Vice President) 1000 Peachtree Street, NE., Atlanta, Georgia 30309: 1. Independent Bancshares, Inc... Independent Bancshares, Inc., and thereby indirectly acquire voting shares of Community Spirit Bank, both in...

Development of tissue bank.

PubMed

Narayan, R P

2012-05-01

The history of tissue banking is as old as the use of skin grafting for resurfacing of burn wounds. Beneficial effects of tissue grafts led to wide spread use of auto and allograft for management of varied clinical conditions like skin wounds, bone defects following trauma or tumor ablation. Availability of adequate amount of tissues at the time of requirement was the biggest challenge that forced clinicians to find out techniques to preserve the living tissue for prolonged period of time for later use and thus the foundation of tissue banking was started in early twentieth century. Harvesting, processing, storage and transportation of human tissues for clinical use is the major activity of tissue banks. Low temperature storage of processed tissue is the best preservation technique at present. Tissue banking organization is a very complex system and needs high technical expertise and skilled personnel for proper functioning in a dedicated facility. A small lapse/deviation from the established protocol leads to loss of precious tissues and or harm to recipients as well as the risk of transmission of deadly diseases and tumors. Strict tissue transplant acts and stringent regulations help to streamline the whole process of tissue banking safe for recipients and to community as whole.

12 CFR 225.13 - Factors considered in acting on bank acquisition proposals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... authorities in its home country, as provided in § 211.24(c)(1)(ii) of the Board's Regulation K (12 CFR 211.24... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Factors considered in acting on bank..., including the record of performance under the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 (12 U.S.C. 2901 et seq...

12 CFR 225.13 - Factors considered in acting on bank acquisition proposals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... provided in § 211.24(c)(1)(ii) of the Board's Regulation K (12 CFR 211.24(c)(1)(ii)). (b) Other factors. In... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Factors considered in acting on bank... under the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 (12 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.) and regulations issued thereunder...

12 CFR 225.13 - Factors considered in acting on bank acquisition proposals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... provided in § 211.24(c)(1)(ii) of the Board's Regulation K (12 CFR 211.24(c)(1)(ii)). (b) Other factors. In... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Factors considered in acting on bank... under the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 (12 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.) and regulations issued thereunder...

12 CFR 225.13 - Factors considered in acting on bank acquisition proposals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... authorities in its home country, as provided in § 211.24(c)(1)(ii) of the Board's Regulation K (12 CFR 211.24... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Factors considered in acting on bank..., including the record of performance under the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 (12 U.S.C. 2901 et seq...

A Global Education Challenge: Harnessing Corporate Philanthropy to Educate the World's Poor. Center for Universal Education Working Paper 4

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van Fleet, Justin W.

2011-01-01

Major actors in the global education community are emerging with new education strategies, including the World Bank, U.S. Agency for International Development and U.K. Department for International Development. These strategies attempt to identify game-changing policies to make strides in global education in anticipation of the Millennium…

77 FR 65382 - Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Bank Holding Companies

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-26

... FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Bank Holding Companies The companies listed in this notice have applied to the Board for approval, pursuant to the Bank Holding Company..., Community Affairs Officer) 90 Hennepin Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55480-0291: 1. Independent Bancshares...

78 FR 66006 - Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Bank Holding Companies

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-04

... FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Bank Holding Companies The companies listed in this notice have applied to the Board for approval, pursuant to the Bank Holding Company..., Community Affairs Officer) 90 Hennepin Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55480-0291: 1. Independent Bancshares...

Volunteer Community Language Bank.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Novak, Sigfrid S.; And Others

Lake Charles, Louisiana established a language bank capable of providing interpreters for 20 foreign languages. All participants are volunteers who offer to help free of charge in case of emergencies arising because of the considerable numbers of foreign visitors in the area. Smooth operation of the language bank depends on the following: (1) an…

12 CFR 345.21 - Performance tests, standards, and ratings, in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... from community organizations, state, local, and tribal governments, economic development agencies, or... of the bank, the economic climate (national, regional, and local), safety and soundness limitations... in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1650(a)(7)) (including a loan under a state or local education loan program...

12 CFR 25.21 - Performance tests, standards, and ratings, in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... from community organizations, state, local, and tribal governments, economic development agencies, or... of the bank, the economic climate (national, regional, and local), safety and soundness limitations... Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1650(a)(7)) (including a loan under a state or local education loan program...

12 CFR 345.21 - Performance tests, standards, and ratings, in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... from community organizations, state, local, and tribal governments, economic development agencies, or... of the bank, the economic climate (national, regional, and local), safety and soundness limitations... in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1650(a)(7)) (including a loan under a state or local education loan program...

12 CFR 345.21 - Performance tests, standards, and ratings, in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... from community organizations, state, local, and tribal governments, economic development agencies, or... of the bank, the economic climate (national, regional, and local), safety and soundness limitations... in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1650(a)(7)) (including a loan under a state or local education loan program...

12 CFR 228.21 - Performance tests, standards, and ratings, in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... obtained from community organizations, state, local, and tribal governments, economic development agencies... condition of the bank, the economic climate (national, regional, and local), safety and soundness... in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1650(a)(7)) (including a loan under a state or local education loan program...

12 CFR 345.21 - Performance tests, standards, and ratings, in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... from community organizations, state, local, and tribal governments, economic development agencies, or... of the bank, the economic climate (national, regional, and local), safety and soundness limitations... in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1650(a)(7)) (including a loan under a state or local education loan program...

12 CFR 25.21 - Performance tests, standards, and ratings, in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... from community organizations, state, local, and tribal governments, economic development agencies, or... of the bank, the economic climate (national, regional, and local), safety and soundness limitations... Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1650(a)(7)) (including a loan under a state or local education loan program...

12 CFR 228.21 - Performance tests, standards, and ratings, in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... obtained from community organizations, state, local, and tribal governments, economic development agencies... condition of the bank, the economic climate (national, regional, and local), safety and soundness... in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1650(a)(7)) (including a loan under a state or local education loan program...

12 CFR 25.21 - Performance tests, standards, and ratings, in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... from community organizations, state, local, and tribal governments, economic development agencies, or... of the bank, the economic climate (national, regional, and local), safety and soundness limitations... Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1650(a)(7)) (including a loan under a state or local education loan program...

12 CFR 228.21 - Performance tests, standards, and ratings, in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... obtained from community organizations, state, local, and tribal governments, economic development agencies... condition of the bank, the economic climate (national, regional, and local), safety and soundness... in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1650(a)(7)) (including a loan under a state or local education loan program...

12 CFR 228.21 - Performance tests, standards, and ratings, in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... obtained from community organizations, state, local, and tribal governments, economic development agencies... condition of the bank, the economic climate (national, regional, and local), safety and soundness... in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1650(a)(7)) (including a loan under a state or local education loan program...

12 CFR 25.21 - Performance tests, standards, and ratings, in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... from community organizations, state, local, and tribal governments, economic development agencies, or... of the bank, the economic climate (national, regional, and local), safety and soundness limitations... Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1650(a)(7)) (including a loan under a state or local education loan program...

76 FR 38577 - Bond Guarantee Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-01

... Institutions (CDFI) Bond Guarantee Program created by the Small Business Jobs Act of 2010. All materials... enacted through the Small Business Jobs Act of 2010 (Pub. L. 111-240) on September 27, 2010. The CDFI Fund... 1134 and 1703 of the Small Business Jobs Act, which amended the Community Development Banking and...

24 CFR 901.40 - Indicator #7, resident services and community building.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Investment Center (FIC), Youth Sports (YS), Food Banks, Health Clinics, Youth Apprenticeship Program (YAP... HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC HOUSING MANAGEMENT ASSESSMENT PROGRAM § 901.40 Indicator #7, resident..., including non-PHA service providers, that help improve management operations at the PHA; and to encourage...

Biodiversity and spatial patterns of benthic habitat and associated demersal fish communities at two tropical submerged reef ecosystems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abdul Wahab, Muhammad Azmi; Radford, Ben; Cappo, Mike; Colquhoun, Jamie; Stowar, Marcus; Depczynski, Martial; Miller, Karen; Heyward, Andrew

2018-06-01

Submerged reef ecosystems can be very diverse and may serve as important refugia for shallow-water conspecifics. This study quantified the benthic and fish communities of two proximate, predominantly mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs), Glomar Shoal and Rankin Bank, which are geographically isolated from other similar features in the region. Glomar Shoal is identified as a key ecological feature (KEF) in the North West Marine Region of Australia. Multibeam surveys were performed to characterise the seafloor and to derive secondary environmental variables, used to explain patterns in benthic and fish communities. Towed video surveys quantified benthic cover, and stereo baited remote underwater stations were used to survey fish abundance and diversity. Surveys were completed in depths of 20-115 m. The two MCEs exhibited distinct communities; Rankin Bank consistently had higher cover (up to 30×) of benthic taxa across depths, and fish communities that were twice as abundant and 1.5× more diverse than Glomar Shoal. The location of the MCEs, depth and rugosity were most influential in structuring benthic communities. Phototrophic taxa, specifically macroalgae and hard corals, had up to 22 × higher cover at Rankin Bank than at Glomar Shoal and were dominant to 80 m (compared to 60 m at Glomar Shoal), presumably due to greater light penetration (lower turbidity) and lower sand cover at greater depths. The 20% coral cover at Rankin Bank was comparable to that reported for shallow reefs. The cover of sand, hard corals and sponges influenced fish communities, with higher abundance and diversity of fish associated with shallow hard coral habitats. This study demonstrated that the two MCEs were unique within the local context, and when coupled with their geographical isolation and biodiversity, presents compelling support for the additional recognition of Rankin Bank as a KEF.

The Use of Marine Protected Areas as a Restoration Strategy for Mesophotic and Deepwater Coral Injury in the Gulf of Mexico

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schmahl, G. P.

2016-02-01

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill resulted in substantial injury to a variety of mesophotic and deepwater coral habitats in the northern Gulf of Mexico. However, restoration of these ecosystems is difficult due to their depth and lack of proven restoration techniques. In lieu of direct restoration efforts, marine protected areas (MPA's) have the potential to be effectively utilized as a restoration strategy. MPA's can provide benefits to offset injury by preventing predictable future impacts. In this regard, the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (FGBNMS) is undertaking an effort to expand its current boundaries to increase protection of additional reefs, banks and coral communities in the northern Gulf of Mexico. This study will provide a description of the methodology used to identify areas that will be included in the expansion proposal. The East and West Flower Garden Banks contain some of the healthiest coral communities in the continental United States, and are just two of dozens of reefs, banks and other features that parallel the shelf edge off the coast of Texas and Louisiana. In 2012 the FGBNMS released a Management Plan that outlined a proposal to expand the boundaries of the sanctuary. This recommendation resulted from a process that incorporated public input, input from material experts, as well as exploration and characterization activities throughout the region. A range of alternatives were developed based on new and existing biological and mapping information, and encompassing a wide range of biologically and geologically significant sites throughout the region. Designation of additional MPA's will provide significant protection to important mesophotic and deepwater coral communities and assist in restoration efforts in the Gulf of Mexico.

Seasonal dynamics of the plant community and soil seed bank along a successional gradient in a subalpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau.

PubMed

Ma, Miaojun; Zhou, Xianhui; Qi, Wei; Liu, Kun; Jia, Peng; Du, Guozhen

2013-01-01

Knowledge about how change the importance of soil seed bank and relationship between seed mass and abundance during vegetation succession is crucial for understanding vegetation dynamics. Many studies have been conducted, but their ecological mechanisms of community assembly are not fully understood. We examined the seasonal dynamics of the vegetation and soil seed bank as well as seed size distribution along a successional gradient. We also explored the potential role of the soil seed bank in plant community regeneration, the relationship between seed mass and species abundance, and the relative importance of deterministic and stochastic processes along a successional gradient. Species richness of seed bank increased (shallow layer and the total) and seed density decreased (each layer and the total) significantly with succession. Species richness and seed density differed significantly between different seasons and among soil depths. Seed mass showed a significant negative relationship with relative abundance in the earliest successional stage, but the relationships were not significant in later stages. Seed mass showed no relationship with relative abundance in the whole successional series in seed bank. Results were similar for both July 2005 and April 2006. The seed mass and abundance relationship was determined by a complex interaction between small and larger seeded species and environmental factors. Both stochastic processes and deterministic processes were important determinants of the structure of the earliest stage. The importance of seed bank decreased with succession. The restoration of abandoned farmed and grazed meadows to the species-rich subalpine meadow in Tibetan Plateau can be successfully achieved from the soil seed bank. However, at least 20 years are required to fully restore an abandoned agricultural meadow to a natural mature subalpine meadow.

A School Growing Roots: The Bank Street Developmental-Interaction Approach at Community Roots Charter School. Teaching for a Changing World: The Graduates of Bank Street College of Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lit, Ira; Intrator, Sam

2015-01-01

This case study is one of five publications from the larger study, "Teaching for a Changing World: The Graduates of Bank Street College of Education," that examines the preparation, practices, and effectiveness of graduates of Bank Street College of Education teacher certification programs over the last decade. This case study examines…

Regenerative potential and functional composition of soil seed banks in remnant evergreen broad-leaved forests under urbanization in South China

Treesearch

J. Wang; L. Huang; H. Ren; Z. Sun; Q. Guo

2015-01-01

Soil seed banks can act as an important source in forest regeneration, and the information on the seed bank composition is vital for determining the resilience of plant communities under severe environments such as urban settings. In this study, we examined the seed bank density and functional composition, and their relationships with aboveground vegetation in three...

Development and psychometric characteristics of the SCI-QOL Ability to Participate and Satisfaction with Social Roles and Activities item banks and short forms.

PubMed

Heinemann, Allen W; Kisala, Pamela A; Hahn, Elizabeth A; Tulsky, David S

2015-05-01

To develop a spinal cord injury (SCI)-focused version of PROMIS and Neuro-QOL social domain item banks; evaluate the psychometric properties of items developed for adults with SCI; and report information to facilitate clinical and research use. We used a mixed-methods design to develop and evaluate Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Activities and Satisfaction with Social Roles and Activities items. Focus groups helped define the constructs; cognitive interviews helped revise items; and confirmatory factor analysis and item response theory methods helped calibrate item banks and evaluate differential item functioning related to demographic and injury characteristics. Five SCI Model System sites and one Veterans Administration medical center. The calibration sample consisted of 641 individuals; a reliability sample consisted of 245 individuals residing in the community. A subset of 27 Ability to Participate and 35 Satisfaction items demonstrated good measurement properties and negligible differential item functioning related to demographic and injury characteristics. The SCI-specific measures correlate strongly with the PROMIS and Neuro-QOL versions. Ten item short forms correlate >0.96 with the full banks. Variable-length CATs with a minimum of 4 items, variable-length CATs with a minimum of 8 items, fixed-length CATs of 10 items, and the 10-item short forms demonstrate construct coverage and measurement error that is comparable to the full item bank. The Ability to Participate and Satisfaction with Social Roles and Activities CATs and short forms demonstrate excellent psychometric properties and are suitable for clinical and research applications.

Assessing psychological well-being: self-report instruments for the NIH Toolbox.

PubMed

Salsman, John M; Lai, Jin-Shei; Hendrie, Hugh C; Butt, Zeeshan; Zill, Nicholas; Pilkonis, Paul A; Peterson, Christopher; Stoney, Catherine M; Brouwers, Pim; Cella, David

2014-02-01

Psychological well-being (PWB) has a significant relationship with physical and mental health. As a part of the NIH Toolbox for the Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function, we developed self-report item banks and short forms to assess PWB. Expert feedback and literature review informed the selection of PWB concepts and the development of item pools for positive affect, life satisfaction, and meaning and purpose. Items were tested with a community-dwelling US Internet panel sample of adults aged 18 and above (N = 552). Classical and item response theory (IRT) approaches were used to evaluate unidimensionality, fit of items to the overall measure, and calibrations of those items, including differential item function (DIF). IRT-calibrated item banks were produced for positive affect (34 items), life satisfaction (16 items), and meaning and purpose (18 items). Their psychometric properties were supported based on the results of factor analysis, fit statistics, and DIF evaluation. All banks measured the concepts precisely (reliability ≥0.90) for more than 98% of participants. These adult scales and item banks for PWB provide the flexibility, efficiency, and precision necessary to promote future epidemiological, observational, and intervention research on the relationship of PWB with physical and mental health.

Large thermo-erosional tunnel for a river in northeast Greenland

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Docherty, Catherine L.; Hannah, David M.; Riis, Tenna; Rosenhøj Leth, Simon; Milner, Alexander M.

2017-12-01

Thermo-erosional river bank undercutting is caused by the combined action of thermal and mechanical erosion of the permafrost by Arctic rivers whilst the overlying sediment withstands collapse temporarily. Here, we report the discovery of a large thermo-erosional tunnel that formed in the banks of a meltwater-fed stream in northeast Greenland in summer 2015. The tunnel was observed over eight days (14-22 July), during which period the tunnel remained open but bank-side slumping increased. Stream solute load increased immediately downstream and remained high 800 m from the tunnel. Whilst this field observation was opportunistic and information somewhat limited, our study provides a rare insight into an extreme event impacting permafrost, local geomorphology and stream habitat. With accelerated climate change in Arctic regions, increased permafrost degradation and warmer stream water temperature are predicted thereby enhancing potential for thermo-erosional niche development and associated stream bank slumping. This change could have significant implications for stream physicochemical habitat and, in turn, stream benthic communities, through changes in aquatic habitat conditions.

38 CFR 17.240 - Sharing specialized medical resources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., public or private hospitals or other medical installations having hospital facilities or organ banks, blood banks, or similar institutions, or medical schools or clinics in a medical community with...

75 FR 82217 - Community Reinvestment Act Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-30

...The OCC, the Board, the FDIC, and the OTS (collectively, the ``agencies'') are amending their Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) regulations to adjust the asset-size thresholds used to define ``small bank'' or ``small savings association'' and ``intermediate small bank'' or ``intermediate small savings association.'' As required by the CRA regulations, the adjustment to the threshold amount is based on the annual percentage change in the Consumer Price Index.

76 FR 79529 - Community Reinvestment Act Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-22

...The OCC, the Board, and the FDIC (collectively, the ``agencies'') are amending their Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) regulations to adjust the asset-size thresholds used to define ``small bank'' or ``small savings association'' and ``intermediate small bank'' or ``intermediate small savings association.'' As required by the CRA regulations, the adjustment to the threshold amount is based on the annual percentage change in the Consumer Price Index.

Lessons learned from a health record bank start-up.

PubMed

Yasnoff, W A; Shortliffe, E H

2014-01-01

This article is part of a Focus Theme of METHODS of Information in Medicine on Health Record Banking. In late summer 2010, an organization was formed in greater Phoenix, Arizona (USA), to introduce a health record bank (HRB) in that community. The effort was initiated after market research and was aimed at engaging 200,000 individuals as members in the first year (5% of the population). It was also intended to evaluate a business model that was based on early adoption by consumers and physicians followed by additional revenue streams related to incremental services and secondary uses of clinical data, always with specific permission from individual members, each of whom controlled all access to his or her own data. To report on the details of the HRB experience in Phoenix, to describe the sources of problems that were experienced, and to identify lessons that need to be considered in future HRB ventures. We describe staffing for the HRB effort, the computational platform that was developed, the approach to marketing, the engagement of practicing physicians, and the governance model that was developed to guide the HRB design and implementation. Despite efforts to engage the physician community, limited consumer advertising, and a carefully considered financial strategy, the experiment failed due to insufficient enrollment of individual members. It was discontinued in April 2011. Although the major problem with this HRB project was undercapitalization, we believe this effort demonstrated that basic HRB accounts should be free for members and that physician engagement and participation are key elements in constructing an effective marketing channel. Local community governance is essential for trust, and the included population must be large enough to provide sufficient revenues to sustain the resource in the long term.

Standard Operating Procedures, ethical and legal regulations in BTB (Brain/Tissue/Bio) banking: what is still missing?

PubMed

Ravid, Rivka

2008-09-01

The use of human biological specimens in scientific research is the focus of current international public and professional concern and a major issue in bioethics in general. Brain/Tissue/Bio banks (BTB-banks) are a rapid developing sector; each of these banks acts locally as a steering unit for the establishment of the local Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and the legal regulations and ethical guidelines to be followed in the procurement and dissemination of research specimens. An appropriat Code of Conduct is crucial to a successful operation of the banks and the research application they handle. What are we still missing ? (1) Adequate funding for research BTB-banks. (2) Standard evaluation protocls for audit of BTB-bank performance. (3) Internationally accepted SOP's which will facilitate exchange and sharing of specimens and data with the scientific community. (4) Internationally accepted Code of Conduct. In the present paper we review the most pressing organizational, methodological, medico-legal and ethical issues involved in BTB-banking; funding, auditing, procurement, management/handling, dissemination and sharing of specimens, confidentiality and data protection, genetic testing, "financial gain" and safety measures. Taking into consideration the huge variety of the specimens stored in different repositories and the enormous differences in medico-legal systems and ethics regulations in different countries it is strongly recommend that the health-care systems and institutions who host BTB-Banks will put more efforts in getting adequate funding for the infrastructure and daily activities. The BTB-banks should define evaluation protocols, SOPs and their Code of Conduct. This in turn will enable the banks to share the collected specimens and data with the largest possible number of researchers and aim at a maximal scientific spin-off and advance in public health research.

An Australian Brain Bank: a critical investment with a high return!

PubMed Central

Garrick, T.; Dedova, I.; Hunt, C.; Miller, R.; Sundqvist, N.; Harper, C.

2012-01-01

Research into neuropsychiatric disorders, including alcohol-related problems, is limited in part by the lack of appropriate animal models. However, the development of new technologies in pathology and molecular biology means that many more questions can be addressed using appropriately stored human brain tissues. The New South Wales Tissue Resource Centre (TRC) in the University of Sydney (Australia) is a human brain bank that can provide tissues to the neuroscience research community studying alcohol-related brain disorders, schizophrenia, depression and bipolar disorders. Carefully standardised operational protocols and integrated information systems means that the TRC can provide high quality, accurately characterised, tissues for research. A recent initiative, the pre-mortem donor program called “Using our Brains”, encourages individuals without neuropsychiatric illness to register as control donors, a critical group for all research. Community support for this program is strong with over 2,000 people registering their interest. Discussed herein are the protocols pertaining to this multifaceted facility and the benefits of investment, both scientific and financial, to neuroscience researchers and the community at large. PMID:18543078

An Australian Brain Bank: a critical investment with a high return!

PubMed

Sheedy, D; Garrick, T; Dedova, I; Hunt, C; Miller, R; Sundqvist, N; Harper, C

2008-09-01

Research into neuropsychiatric disorders, including alcohol-related problems, is limited in part by the lack of appropriate animal models. However, the development of new technologies in pathology and molecular biology means that many more questions can be addressed using appropriately stored human brain tissues. The New South Wales Tissue Resource Centre (TRC) in the University of Sydney (Australia) is a human brain bank that can provide tissues to the neuroscience research community studying alcohol-related brain disorders, schizophrenia, depression and bipolar disorders. Carefully standardised operational protocols and integrated information systems means that the TRC can provide high quality, accurately characterised, tissues for research. A recent initiative, the pre-mortem donor program called "Using our Brains", encourages individuals without neuropsychiatric illness to register as control donors, a critical group for all research. Community support for this program is strong with over 2,000 people registering their interest. Discussed herein are the protocols pertaining to this multifaceted facility and the benefits of investment, both scientific and financial, to neuroscience researchers and the community at large.

Transplanting native dominant plants to facilitate community development in restored coastal plain wetlands

Treesearch

Diane De Steven; Rebecca R. Sharitz

2007-01-01

Drained depressional wetlands are typically restored by plugging ditches or breaking drainage tiles to allow recovery of natural ponding regimes, while relying on passive recolonization from seed banks and dispersal to establish emergent vegetation. However, in restored depressions of the southeastern United States Coastal Plain, certain characteristic rhizomatous...

Complex restoration challenges: weeds, seeds, and roads in a forested wildland urban interface

Treesearch

Michelle Buonopane; Gabrielle Snider; Becky K. Kerns; Paul S. Doescher

2013-01-01

Federal policies in the US strongly emphasize reducing hazardous fuels at the Wildland Urban Interface (WUI). However, these areas present restoration challenges as they often have exotic weeds, frequent human disturbance, and the presence of roads. Understanding seed banks is important in planning for desirable post-disturbance community conditions, developing...

Bank On Our Communities Act of 2009

THOMAS, 111th Congress

Sen. Merkley, Jeff [D-OR

2009-10-21

Senate - 10/21/2009 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

Community Bank Preservation Act of 2014

THOMAS, 113th Congress

Sen. Vitter, David [R-LA

2014-04-10

Senate - 04/10/2014 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

Octocoral Species Assembly and Coexistence in Caribbean Coral Reefs.

PubMed

Velásquez, Johanna; Sánchez, Juan A

2015-01-01

What are the determinant factors of community assemblies in the most diverse ecosystem in the ocean? Coral reefs can be divided in continental (i.e., reefs that develop on the continental shelf, including siliciclastic reefs) and oceanic (i.e., far off the continental shelf, usually on volcanic substratum); whether or not these habitat differences impose community-wide ecological divergence or species exclusion/coexistence with evolutionary consequences, is unknown. Studying Caribbean octocorals as model system, we determined the phylogenetic community structure in a coral reef community, making emphasis on species coexistence evidenced on trait evolution and environmental feedbacks. Forty-nine species represented in five families constituted the species pool from which a phylogenetic tree was reconstructed using mtDNA. We included data from 11 localities in the Western Caribbean (Colombia) including most reef types. To test diversity-environment and phenotype-environment relationships, phylogenetic community structure and trait evolution we carried out comparative analyses implementing ecological and evolutionary approaches. Phylogenetic inferences suggest clustering of oceanic reefs (e.g., atolls) contrasting with phylogenetic overdispersion of continental reefs (e.g., reefs banks). Additionally, atolls and barrier reefs had the highest species diversity (Shannon index) whereas phylogenetic diversity was higher in reef banks. The discriminant component analysis supported this differentiation between oceanic and continental reefs, where continental octocoral species tend to have greater calyx apertures, thicker branches, prominent calyces and azooxanthellate species. This analysis also indicated a clear separation between the slope and the remaining habitats, caused by the presence or absence of Symbiodinium. K statistic analysis showed that this trait is conserved as well as the branch shape. There was strong octocoral community structure with opposite diversity and composition patterns between oceanic and continental reefs. Even habitats with similar depths and overall environmental conditions did not share similar communities between oceanic and continental reefs. This indicates a strong regional influence over the local communities, probably due to water transparency differences between major reef types, i.e., oceanic vs. continental shelf-neritic. This was supported by contrasting patterns found in morphology, composition and evolutionary history of the species between atolls and reef banks.

Octocoral Species Assembly and Coexistence in Caribbean Coral Reefs

PubMed Central

Velásquez, Johanna; Sánchez, Juan A.

2015-01-01

Background What are the determinant factors of community assemblies in the most diverse ecosystem in the ocean? Coral reefs can be divided in continental (i.e., reefs that develop on the continental shelf, including siliciclastic reefs) and oceanic (i.e., far off the continental shelf, usually on volcanic substratum); whether or not these habitat differences impose community-wide ecological divergence or species exclusion/coexistence with evolutionary consequences, is unknown. Methods Studying Caribbean octocorals as model system, we determined the phylogenetic community structure in a coral reef community, making emphasis on species coexistence evidenced on trait evolution and environmental feedbacks. Forty-nine species represented in five families constituted the species pool from which a phylogenetic tree was reconstructed using mtDNA. We included data from 11 localities in the Western Caribbean (Colombia) including most reef types. To test diversity-environment and phenotype-environment relationships, phylogenetic community structure and trait evolution we carried out comparative analyses implementing ecological and evolutionary approaches. Results Phylogenetic inferences suggest clustering of oceanic reefs (e.g., atolls) contrasting with phylogenetic overdispersion of continental reefs (e.g., reefs banks). Additionally, atolls and barrier reefs had the highest species diversity (Shannon index) whereas phylogenetic diversity was higher in reef banks. The discriminant component analysis supported this differentiation between oceanic and continental reefs, where continental octocoral species tend to have greater calyx apertures, thicker branches, prominent calyces and azooxanthellate species. This analysis also indicated a clear separation between the slope and the remaining habitats, caused by the presence or absence of Symbiodinium. K statistic analysis showed that this trait is conserved as well as the branch shape. Discussion There was strong octocoral community structure with opposite diversity and composition patterns between oceanic and continental reefs. Even habitats with similar depths and overall environmental conditions did not share similar communities between oceanic and continental reefs. This indicates a strong regional influence over the local communities, probably due to water transparency differences between major reef types, i.e., oceanic vs. continental shelf-neritic. This was supported by contrasting patterns found in morphology, composition and evolutionary history of the species between atolls and reef banks. PMID:26177191

Species-abundance--seed-size patterns within a plant community affected by grazing disturbance.

PubMed

Wu, Gao-lin; Shang, Zhan-huan; Zhu, Yuan-jun; Ding, Lu-ming; Wang, Dong

2015-04-01

Seed size has been advanced as a key factor that influences the dynamics of plant communities, but there are few empirical or theoretical predictions of how community dynamics progress based on seed size patterns. Information on the abundance of adults, seedlings, soil seed banks, seed rains, and the seed mass of 96 species was collected in alpine meadows of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (China), which had different levels of grazing disturbance. The relationships between seed-mass-abundance patterns for adults, seedlings, the soil seed bank, and seed rain in the plant community were evaluated using regression models. Results showed that grazing levels affected the relationship between seed size and abundance properties of adult species, seedlings, and the soil seed bank, suggesting that there is a shift in seed-size--species-abundance relationships as a response to the grazing gradient. Grazing had no effect on the pattern of seed-size-seed-rain-abundance at four grazing levels. Grazing also had little effect on the pattern of seed-size--species-abundance and pattern of seed-size--soil-seed-bank-abundance in meadows with no grazing, light grazing, and moderate grazing), but there was a significant negative effect in meadows with heavy grazing. Grazing had little effect on the pattern of seed-size--seedling-abundance with no grazing, but had significant negative effects with light, moderate, and heavy grazing, and the |r| values increased with grazing levels. This indicated that increasing grazing pressure enhanced the advantage of smaller-seeded species in terms of the abundances of adult species, seedlings, and soil seed banks, whereas only the light grazing level promoted the seed rain abundance of larger-seeded species in the plant communities. This study suggests that grazing disturbances are favorable for increasing the species abundance for smaller-seeded species but not for the larger-seeded species in an alpine meadow community. Hence, there is a clear advantage of the smaller-seeded species over the larger-seeded species with increases in the grazing level.

Development of a PROMIS item bank to measure pain interference.

PubMed

Amtmann, Dagmar; Cook, Karon F; Jensen, Mark P; Chen, Wen-Hung; Choi, Seung; Revicki, Dennis; Cella, David; Rothrock, Nan; Keefe, Francis; Callahan, Leigh; Lai, Jin-Shei

2010-07-01

This paper describes the psychometric properties of the PROMIS-pain interference (PROMIS-PI) bank. An initial candidate item pool (n=644) was developed and evaluated based on the review of existing instruments, interviews with patients, and consultation with pain experts. From this pool, a candidate item bank of 56 items was selected and responses to the items were collected from large community and clinical samples. A total of 14,848 participants responded to all or a subset of candidate items. The responses were calibrated using an item response theory (IRT) model. A final 41-item bank was evaluated with respect to IRT assumptions, model fit, differential item function (DIF), precision, and construct and concurrent validity. Items of the revised bank had good fit to the IRT model (CFI and NNFI/TLI ranged from 0.974 to 0.997), and the data were strongly unidimensional (e.g., ratio of first and second eigenvalue=35). Nine items exhibited statistically significant DIF. However, adjusting for DIF had little practical impact on score estimates and the items were retained without modifying scoring. Scores provided substantial information across levels of pain; for scores in the T-score range 50-80, the reliability was equivalent to 0.96-0.99. Patterns of correlations with other health outcomes supported the construct validity of the item bank. The scores discriminated among persons with different numbers of chronic conditions, disabling conditions, levels of self-reported health, and pain intensity (p<0.0001). The results indicated that the PROMIS-PI items constitute a psychometrically sound bank. Computerized adaptive testing and short forms are available. Copyright 2010 International Association for the Study of Pain. All rights reserved.

Wòch nan Soley: the denial of the right to water in Haiti.

PubMed

Varma, Monika Kalra; Satterthwaite, Margaret L; Klasing, Amanda M; Shoranick, Tammy; Jean, Jude; Barry, Donna; Fawzi, Mary C Smith; McKeever, James; Lyon, Evan

2008-01-01

This article combines health and water research results, evidence from confidential documents released under the Freedom of Information Act, legal analysis, and discussion of historical context to demonstrate that actions taken by the international community through the Inter-American Development Bank are directly related to a lack of access to clean water in Haiti. The article demonstrates that these actions constitute a clear violation of Haitians' right to water under both domestic and international law. The article exposes the United States governments role in blocking the disbursal of millions of dollars in international bank loans that would have had life-saving consequences for the Haitian people. The loans were derailed in 2001 by politically-motivated interventions on behalf of the US and other members of the international community in direct violation of the Inter-American Development Bank charter. To demonstrate the impact of these interventions, the article presents data gathered in a study that employed human rights and public health methodologies to assess the right to water in Haiti. The data reveal that Haitians experience obstacles concerning every aspect of the right to water: diffculties with water availability, limited physical and economic accessibility, and poor water quality. The article provides a framework of concrete duties and obligations that should be followed by all actors involved in Haiti in order to realize Haitians' human right to water. In response to the undeniable link between the international community's political interference and the intolerably poor state of potable water in Haiti, the article concludes with a recommendation that all actors in Haiti follow a rights-based approach to the development and implementation of water projects in Haiti. The full report of Wòch nan Soley: The Denial of the Right to Water in Haiti is available online at http://www.pih.org/inforesources/Reports/Hait_Report_FINAL.pdf.

Resilience of Invaded Riparian Landscapes: The Potential Role of Soil-Stored Seed Banks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tererai, Farai; Gaertner, Mirijam; Jacobs, Shayne M.; Richardson, David M.

2015-01-01

We investigated the potential role of soil-stored seed banks in driving vegetation recovery under varying intensities of invasion by the alien tree Eucalyptus camaldulensis along the Berg River in South Africa's Western Cape Province. We asked: How do richness, diversity, and composition of soil-stored seed banks vary with invasion intensity? What is the difference between the seed banks and above-ground vegetation with respect to species richness, diversity, composition, and structure? To what extent do soil-stored seed banks provide reliable sources for restoring native plant communities? Through a seedling-emergence approach, we compared seedling density, richness, and diversity in plots under varying Eucalyptus cover. Seed bank characteristics were also compared with those of the above-ground vegetation. Except in terms of diversity and density, the richness and composition of native species varied significantly among invasion conditions. Despite the paucity of native tree and shrub species in the seed bank, it was more diverse than extant vegetation. Some species occurred exclusively either in the seed bank or in the above-ground vegetation. Although this ecosystem has been degraded by several agents, including Eucalyptus invasion, soil-stored seed banks still offer modest potential for driving regeneration of native plant communities, but secondary invasions need to be managed carefully. Remnant populations of native plants in the above-ground vegetation remaining after E. camaldulensis clearing provide a more promising propagule source for rapid regeneration. Further work is needed to elucidate possible effects of invasion on successional pathways following E. camaldulensis removal and the effects of hydrochory on seed bank dynamics.

Development of CRIS: Measure of community reintegration of injured service members

PubMed Central

Resnik, Linda; Plow, Matthew; Jette, Alan

2012-01-01

Identification and prevention of community reintegration problems of veterans is an important public health mandate. However, no veteran-specific measure exists. Study purposes were to (1) develop the Community Reintegration for Service Members (CRIS) measure and (2) test the validity and reliability of the measure. Formative research identified challenges in community reintegration postdeployment. The World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health participation domain guided item-bank development. Items were refined through cognitive interviews and clinician consultation. Pilot studies with 126 veterans examined unidimensionality, internal consistency, reliability, and construct validity. Three unidimensional CRIS scales were developed. Working subjects had better CRIS scores then unemployed subjects. Subjects with posttraumatic stress disorder, substance abuse, or mental health problems had worse scores than subjects without these conditions. The correlations between the CRIS and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey scales of role physical, role emotional, and social functioning were 0.44–0.80. CRIS has strong reliability, conceptual integrity, and construct validity. PMID:19882482

What makes Stellwagen Bank a whale feeding ground?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhai, X.; Flierl, G.; Lermusiaux, P. F. J.; Haley, P. J., Jr.; McCarthy, J. J.

2016-12-01

Stellwagen Bank lies at the Massachusetts Bay's eastern boundary with the Gulf of Maine (GoM) and is encompassed by the Gerry E. Studds Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary. It is a shoal with primarily sandy bottom and with water depth ranging from 20 meters to 40 meters. All across the Bank these waters are highly productive and support a large and diverse planktonic community and benthic community, a large fish diversity and fish biomass, and it is one of the most active whale feeding grounds in coastal waters of the United States makes. According to previous studies, several factors may contribute to the high biomass over sea banks and sea mounts, such as local enhancement due to high dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN = NH4 + NO3) and subsequent retention of productivity, plus the advection and local concentration of food produced elsewhere. In this research, the biological and physical processes which can cause the biomass patterns and accumulations over the Stellwagen Bank and its vicinity are investigated separately and together, using a 3D model which has been built in the MSEAS (Multidisciplinary simulation, estimation, and assimilation system) and a simple 2D cross-bank profile model. The study is focused on figuring out which are the dominant factors and processes that contribute to the abundant food in the Stellwagen Bank ecosystem and are responsible for sustaining the large biomass over the Bank, and how local or regional changes in climate and circulation might affect the food availability in this important whale feeding ground. The 2D model result shows that zooplankton diel migration can significantly affect the biological biomass and DIN concentration over the Bank. Both the 2D and 3D models show that upwelling induced by the Bank topography play an important role in nutrient and biomass enhancement.

The Development of a Conceptual Framework and Preliminary Item Bank for Childbirth-Specific Patient-Reported Outcome Measures.

PubMed

Korst, Lisa M; Fridman, Moshe; Saeb, Samia; Greene, Naomi; Fink, Arlene; Gregory, Kimberly D

2018-05-24

To develop a conceptual framework and preliminary item bank for childbirth-specific patient-reported outcome (PRO) domains. Women, who were U.S. residents, ≥18 years old, and ≥20 weeks pregnant, were surveyed regarding their childbirth values and preferences (V&P) using online panels. Using community-based research techniques and Patient-Reported Outcomes Management Information System (PROMIS ® ) methodology, we conducted a comprehensive literature review to identify self-reported survey items regarding patient-reported V&P and childbirth experiences and outcomes (PROs). The V&P/PRO domains were validated by focus groups. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study and fitted a multivariable logistic regression model to each V&P item to describe "who" wanted each item. We identified 5,880 V&P/PRO items that mapped to 19 domains and 58 subdomains. We present results for the 2,250 survey respondents who anticipated a vaginal delivery in a hospital. Wide variation existed regarding each V&P item, and personal characteristics, such as maternal confidence and ability to cope well with pain, were frequent predictors in the models. The resulting preliminary item bank consisted of 60 key personal characteristics and 63 V&P/PROs. The conceptual framework and preliminary (PROMIS ® ) item bank presented here provide a foundation for the development of childbirth-specific V&P/PROs. © Health Research and Educational Trust.

Mississippi Curriculum Framework for Banking & Finance Technology (Program CIP: 52.0803--Banking and Related Financial Programs, Other). Postsecondary Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mississippi Research and Curriculum Unit for Vocational and Technical Education, State College.

This document, which is intended for use by community and junior colleges throughout Mississippi, contains curriculum frameworks for the course sequences in the banking and finance technology program. Presented in the introduction are a program description and suggested course sequence. Section I is a curriculum guide consisting of outlines for…

Contributions of seed bank and vegetative propagules to vegetation composition on prairie dog colonies in western South Dakota

Treesearch

Emily R. Helms; Lan Xu; Jack L. Butler

2012-01-01

Characterizing the contributions of the seed bank and vegetative propagules will enhance our understanding of community resiliency associated with prairie dog disturbances. Our objective was to determine the effects of ecological condition (EC) and distance from burrows on the soil seed bank and vegetative propagules. Based on species composition of the extant...

A National Coordinating Center for Prehospital Trauma Research Funding Transfusion Using Stored Fresh Whole Blood

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-01

bank data base 28-30 5% Analyze blood bank data base 28-33 0% Other Major Tasks: Identification of communities in the UCLA catchment area 1-3 N/A...coagulopathy in real-time is underway. The Blood Bank is working to identify a pool of whole blood donors and incorporating the new product (FWB) in...Blood Bank , emergency Room, Trauma, Operating Room, Intensive Care Unit, etc) to coordinate and streamline standard operating procedures for the

The role of banks in the Brazilian interbank market: Does bank type matter?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cajueiro, Daniel O.; Tabak, Benjamin M.

2008-12-01

This paper analyzes the Brazilian interbank network structure using a complex network-based approach. Results suggest a weak evidence of community structure, high heterogeneity of the network and that this market is characterized by money centers having exposures to many banks. Furthermore, we go beyond the structure of the network using information about the characteristics of the nodes and a non-parametric test in order to understand the role of the banks in the interbanking market.

Persistence of coral assemblages at East and West Flower Garden Banks, Gulf of Mexico

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Johnston, Michelle A.; Embesi, John A.; Eckert, Ryan J.; Nuttall, Marissa F.; Hickerson, Emma L.; Schmahl, George P.

2016-09-01

Since 1989 a federally supported long-term coral reef monitoring program has focused on two study sites atop East and West Flower Garden Banks in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. We examined 25 yr of benthic cover data to provide a multi-decadal baseline and trend analysis of the community structure for this coral reef system. Despite global coral reef decline in recent decades, mean coral cover at East and West Flower Garden Banks was above 50% for the combined 25 yr of continuous monitoring, and represented a stable coral community. However, mean macroalgal cover increased significantly between 1998 and 1999, rising from approximately 3 to 20%, and reaching a maximum above 30% in 2012. In contrast to many other shallow water reefs in the Caribbean region, increases in mean macroalgal cover have not been concomitant with coral cover decline at the Flower Garden Banks.

The importance of ethic in the field of human tissue banking.

PubMed

Morales Pedraza, Jorge; Herson, Marisa Roma

2012-03-01

A tissue bank is accountable before the community in fulfilling the expectations of tissue donors, their families and recipients. The expected output from the altruistic donation is that safe and high quality human tissue grafts will be provided for the medical treatment of patients. Thus, undertakings of tissue banks have to be not only authorised and audited by national competent health care authorities, but also comply with a strong ethical code, a code of practices and ethical principles. Ethical practice in the field of tissue banking requires the setting of principles, the identification of possible deviations and the establishment of mechanisms that will detect and hinder abuses that may occur during the procurement, processing and distribution of human tissues for transplantation. The opinions and suggestions manifested by the authors in this paper may not be necessarily a reflection of those within the institutions or community they are linked to.

PDBe: Protein Data Bank in Europe

PubMed Central

Gutmanas, Aleksandras; Alhroub, Younes; Battle, Gary M.; Berrisford, John M.; Bochet, Estelle; Conroy, Matthew J.; Dana, Jose M.; Fernandez Montecelo, Manuel A.; van Ginkel, Glen; Gore, Swanand P.; Haslam, Pauline; Hatherley, Rowan; Hendrickx, Pieter M.S.; Hirshberg, Miriam; Lagerstedt, Ingvar; Mir, Saqib; Mukhopadhyay, Abhik; Oldfield, Thomas J.; Patwardhan, Ardan; Rinaldi, Luana; Sahni, Gaurav; Sanz-García, Eduardo; Sen, Sanchayita; Slowley, Robert A.; Velankar, Sameer; Wainwright, Michael E.; Kleywegt, Gerard J.

2014-01-01

The Protein Data Bank in Europe (pdbe.org) is a founding member of the Worldwide PDB consortium (wwPDB; wwpdb.org) and as such is actively engaged in the deposition, annotation, remediation and dissemination of macromolecular structure data through the single global archive for such data, the PDB. Similarly, PDBe is a member of the EMDataBank organisation (emdatabank.org), which manages the EMDB archive for electron microscopy data. PDBe also develops tools that help the biomedical science community to make effective use of the data in the PDB and EMDB for their research. Here we describe new or improved services, including updated SIFTS mappings to other bioinformatics resources, a new browser for the PDB archive based on Gene Ontology (GO) annotation, updates to the analysis of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-derived structures, redesigned search and browse interfaces, and new or updated visualisation and validation tools for EMDB entries. PMID:24288376

Providing Better Education Services to the Poor: Accountability and Context in the Case of Guatemalan Decentralization

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gershberg, Alec Ian; Meade, Ben; Andersson, Sven

2009-01-01

We explore how two community-based reform models align with the World Bank's "World Development Report 2004" accountability framework. Using a qualitative case study of rural Guatemalan primary schools, we examine local governance through interviews with a range of stakeholders. While both reforms appear appropriate according to the…

Identifying the core seed bank of a complex boreal bacterial metacommunity.

PubMed

Ruiz-González, Clara; Niño-García, Juan Pablo; Kembel, Steven W; Del Giorgio, Paul A

2017-09-01

Seed banks are believed to contribute to compositional changes within and across microbial assemblages, but the application of this concept to natural communities remains challenging. Here we describe the core seed bank of a bacterial metacommunity from a boreal watershed, using the spatial distribution of bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) across 223 heterogeneous terrestrial, aquatic and phyllosphere bacterial assemblages. Taxa were considered potential seeds if they transitioned from rare to abundant somewhere within the metacommunity and if they were ubiquitous and able to persist under unfavorable conditions, the latter assessed by checking their presence in three deeply sequenced samples (one soil, one river and one lake, 2.2-3 million reads per sample). We show that only a small fraction (13%) of all detected OTUs constitute a metacommunity seed bank that is shared between all terrestrial and aquatic communities, but not by phyllosphere assemblages, which seem to recruit from a different taxa pool. Our results suggest directional recruitment driven by the flow of water in the landscape, since most aquatic sequences were associated to OTUs found in a single deeply-sequenced soil sample, but only 45% of terrestrial sequences belonged to OTUs found in the two deeply-sequenced aquatic communities. Finally, we hypothesize that extreme rarity, and its interplay with water residence time and growth rates, may further constrain the size of the potential seed bank.

The participation of community-based organizations on waste management in the city municipal of Medan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Trimurni, Februati; Dayana

2018-03-01

Waste is currently main problem experienced by cities all over the world. The waste has brought negative impacts on public health, environment, development and social of the cities. However, there must be solutions to overcome the piles of waste in case the individual citizens or community-based organization wisely deal with the problem. In the municipal area of Medan in the Province of North Sumatra, there is sort of organization established by community-based organization (CBO) so-called Bank Sampah or Waste Bank which is placed as a flatform for the member to do business of waste materials by collecting them from households around, sorting the materials into waste categories and ended up by purchasing and selling them to make some money. The organization is not merely a flatform for doing a business of waste materials yet the media for other social activities and efforts of reaching social and family welfare. The study is conducted in some sites of such organization activities in the city, and there are some observations of how the community run the business and in the same time arranging other social activities. The study tries to portray the activities and analyzes the means and the significancy of the CBO on reducing waste problems in the city.

76 FR 23793 - Extension of Application Period for Seats for the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-28

... seats on the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary Advisory Council: (1) Research Member seat and (2... relation to the seat for which they are applying; community and professional affiliations; philosophy...

The role of multilateral institutions.

PubMed

Kiss, Agi; Castro, Gonzalo; Newcombe, Kenneth

2002-08-15

In line with its mission of alleviating poverty through support for environmentally and socially sustainable economic development, The World Bank (along with some other multilateral development banks) is working to help developing countries capture a share of the emerging global market in greenhouse-gas-emissions reductions ('carbon trading'). Under the Kyoto Protocol of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Joint Implementation instrument and the Clean Development Mechanism now provide an opening for substantial international resource transfers and potential for supporting sustainable development through the transfer of cleaner technologies or sustainable forestry and agro-forestry practices. For example, carbon sequestration represents a non-extractive non-consumptive sustainable use of living natural resources that can be incorporated within a multiple-use 'integrated ecosystem management' approach. The World Bank initiated the Prototype Carbon Fund (PCF) in April 2000, to help spur the development of a global carbon market and to 'learn by doing' how to use carbon-purchase transactions across a range of energy-sector technologies (and some forestry applications) to achieve environmentally credible and cost-effective emissions reductions that benefit developing countries and economies in transition. Building on the success of the PCF ($145 million raised from public and private-sector investors), The World Bank expects to launch two new funds in 2002: the Biocarbon Fund and the Community Development Carbon Fund. These funds will target synergies between carbon markets and objectives such as biodiversity conservation, combating desertification and small-scale community-driven development. Experience from the PCF shows that developing countries can have a comparative advantage in supplying this global market, as emissions reductions can be achieved in developing countries in the range of $3-$5 per ton of CO(2) equivalent, compared with a marginal abatement cost of $10-$15 per ton of CO(2) equivalent in most countries within the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. However, realizing this economic potential over the next decade, and targeting the market to the rural poor, will require substantial assistance with project development and government legal and institutional capacity building. Specific needs include raising awareness of the potential of carbon markets at all levels (particularly in energy and land-use sectors), clarifying property rights, particularly in the case of communally held land and resources, ensuring the existence of an attractive investment climate, eliminating policies that create perverse incentives and constraints, and mitigating logistical, political and 'reputational' risks that could deter private-sector investors. It will also be necessary to find ways to reconcile the short-term needs of the rural poor and the typically long-term revenue stream associated with carbon sequestration.

Food banking for improved nutrition of HIV infected orphans and vulnerable children; emerging evidence from quality improvement teams in high food insecure regions of Kiambu, Kenya

PubMed Central

Akulima, Muhamed; Ikamati, Rudia; Mungai, Margaret; Samuel, Muhula; Ndirangu, Meshack; Muga, Richard

2016-01-01

Introduction Estimated 236,548 People Living with HIV (PLHIV) were in Central-Eastern Kenya in 2013. Kiambu County had 46,656 PLHIV with 42,400 (91%) adults and 4,200(9%) children (1-14yrs). Amref Health Africa in Kenya, supported through USAID-APHIAplus KAMILI project, initiated two food banks to respond to poor nutritional status of the HIV infected children. Quality Improvement Teams were used to facilitate food-banking initiatives. The study aimed at assessing and demonstrating roles of community food-banking in improving nutrition status of HIV-infected children in food insecure regions. Methods A pre and post-test study lasting 12 months (Oct 2013 to September 2014) conducted in Kiambu County, Kenya covering 103 HIV infected children. Two assessments were conducted before and after the food banking initiative and results compared. Child Status Index (CSI) and the Middle Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) tools were used in data collection at households. Paired T-test and Wilcoxon test were applied for analysing MUAC and CSI scores respectively using the SPSS. Results There was a significant improvement in the children’s nutrition status from a rating of ‘bad’ in CSI Median (IQR) score 2(2-1) before food banking to a rating of ‘fair’ in CSI Median (IQR) score 3(4-3) after food banking intervention (p=<0.001) while MUAC increased from Mean (SD) of 5.6(2.6) before intervention to 7.2(2.8) after food banking (p=<0.001). Conclusion Food banking is a community-based nutritional intervention that can address factors of food access, affordability and availability. Food banking is a sustainable way to contribute to quality nutrition and reduced related deaths among HIV infected children. PMID:28439329

Patterns of seed bank and vegetation diversity along a tidal freshwater river.

PubMed

Elsey-Quirk, Tracy; Leck, Mary Allessio

2015-12-01

Species richness and diversity may increase with spatial scale related to increased area and heterogeneity of habitat. Yet, in bidirectional hydrologically connected tidal ecosystems, secondary dispersal via hydrochory has the potential to homogenize seed banks, and both life history characteristics and tolerances to environmental conditions influence the composition of plant communities. How species richness, diversity, and composition of seed banks and vegetation change along environmental gradients and at different spatial scales is not well understood. We explored the relationships of seed bank and vegetation diversity across 135 plots along a tidal freshwater river in the Delaware Estuary, USA. Species richness and diversity were partitioned across three hierarchical spatial scales: individual plots, transects perpendicular to the tidal channel, and river kilometers. Community structure was also examined as it related to distance from the tidal channel and location along the tidal river. Species richness was 89 in the seed bank and 54 in the vegetation. Species-area relationships revealed that species richness reached a near maximum asymptote inland (20 m from channel) for the seed bank and at the edge (0 m) for the vegetation. Rare occurrences of species in the seed bank and vegetation were greatest 5 m from the channel edge. As spatial scale increased, seed bank richness increased, associated with the progressive accumulation of species. Seed bank diversity, however, was maximized within small plot areas and along the river. Diversity of the vegetation was maximized locally due to the abundance of a few common species. These findings suggest that suites of common species contributed to high localized vegetation diversity, yet large spatial scales maximized the number and diversity of species in the seed bank and vegetation through rare encounters, as well as the complexity of the landscape. © 2015 Botanical Society of America.

Item Banks for Substance Use from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®): Severity of Use and Positive Appeal of Use*

PubMed Central

Pilkonis, Paul A.; Yu, Lan; Dodds, Nathan E.; Johnston, Kelly L.; Lawrence, Suzanne; Hilton, Thomas F.; Daley, Dennis C.; Patkar, Ashwin A.; McCarty, Dennis

2015-01-01

Background Two item banks for substance use were developed as part of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®): severity of substance use and positive appeal of substance use. Methods Qualitative item analysis (including focus groups, cognitive interviewing, expert review, and item revision) reduced an initial pool of more than 5,300 items for substance use to 119 items included in field testing. Items were written in a first-person, past-tense format, with 5 response options reflecting frequency or severity. Both 30-day and 3-month time frames were tested. The calibration sample of 1,336 respondents included 875 individuals from the general population (ascertained through an internet panel) and 461patients from addiction treatment centers participating in the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network. Results Final banks of 37 and 18 items were calibrated for severity of substance use and positive appeal of substance use, respectively, using the two-parameter graded response model from item response theory (IRT). Initial calibrations were similar for the 30-day and 3-month time frames, and final calibrations used data combined across the time frames, making the items applicable with either interval. Seven-item static short forms were also developed from each item bank. Conclusions Test information curves showed that the PROMIS item banks provided substantial information in a broad range of severity, making them suitable for treatment, observational, and epidemiological research in both clinical and community settings. PMID:26423364

Toward assessing the effects of bank stabilization activities on wildlife communities of the upper Yellowstone River, U.S.A

USGS Publications Warehouse

Skagen, Susan K.; Muths, Erin; Adams, Rod D.

2001-01-01

Four amphibian species, three reptile species, and one mammal species are highly vulnerable to bank stabilization activities. Tiger salamanders, boreal toads, western chorus frogs, spotted frogs, rubber boas, racers, western garter snakes, and water shrews are expected to respond primarily to alterations in stream and bank morphology and the loss of still water for amphibian breeding.

Web-based visualisation and analysis of 3D electron-microscopy data from EMDB and PDB.

PubMed

Lagerstedt, Ingvar; Moore, William J; Patwardhan, Ardan; Sanz-García, Eduardo; Best, Christoph; Swedlow, Jason R; Kleywegt, Gerard J

2013-11-01

The Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe) has developed web-based tools for the visualisation and analysis of 3D electron microscopy (3DEM) structures in the Electron Microscopy Data Bank (EMDB) and Protein Data Bank (PDB). The tools include: (1) a volume viewer for 3D visualisation of maps, tomograms and models, (2) a slice viewer for inspecting 2D slices of tomographic reconstructions, and (3) visual analysis pages to facilitate analysis and validation of maps, tomograms and models. These tools were designed to help non-experts and experts alike to get some insight into the content and assess the quality of 3DEM structures in EMDB and PDB without the need to install specialised software or to download large amounts of data from these archives. The technical challenges encountered in developing these tools, as well as the more general considerations when making archived data available to the user community through a web interface, are discussed. Copyright © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Functional and taxonomic plant diversity for riverbank protection works: bioengineering techniques close to natural banks and beyond hard engineering.

PubMed

Cavaillé, Paul; Ducasse, Léon; Breton, Vincent; Dommanget, Fanny; Tabacchi, Eric; Evette, André

2015-03-15

Erosion control is a major issue in the Prealps region since piedmont is subject to both intense flood hazards and anthropic pressure. Riverbank protections may have major impacts on local ecosystem functioning and ecological corridor continuity. This study aimed to estimate the effects of the types of riverbank protection technique (from pure riprap to pure bioengineering) on the taxonomic and ecological composition of plant communities in comparison with unmanaged riverbanks as the referential system. Thirty-eight embankments were sampled in the foothills of the French and Swiss Alps. Four distinct riverbank techniques were analyzed and natural young willow stands were chosen as the referential system. At each site, vegetation was sampled along three transects from the waterline to the top of the riverbank. Plant communities were characterized using biological group composition (growth forms and life history, life strategies and distribution in space and time) and functional diversity indices (MFAD, FDc and wFDc). We identified 177 distinct plant species on 38 sites. Higher species richness levels were observed on bioengineered banks (from an average of 12 species recorded on ripraps to 27 species recorded on bioengineered banks) strongly dominated by Salicaceae species, especially for fascine and cribwall banks. Functional analyses of plant communities highlighted significant differences among bank types (p-value: 0.001) for all selected biological groups. Competitive - ruderal strategy, rooting shoots, stems or leaves that lie down or break off, and unisexual - dioecious, as well as pioneer plants and low shrubs (<4 m tall) distinguished bioengineered bank types. Functional diversity indices confirmed these differences among bank types (MFAD: p-value: 0.002; FDc: p-value: 0.003; wFDc: p-value: 0.005). Riprap always showed the lowest levels on functional diversity indices, fascine and cribwall banks were at the medium level and finally mixed and natural banks the highest level. These results confirm the low ecological potential of purely hard engineering techniques and highlight the similarity of bioengineered techniques and unmanaged riverbanks. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Epibenthic communities of sedimentary habitats in a NE Atlantic deep seamount (Galicia Bank)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Serrano, A.; Cartes, J. E.; Papiol, V.; Punzón, A.; García-Alegre, A.; Arronte, J. C.; Ríos, P.; Lourido, A.; Frutos, I.; Blanco, M.

2017-12-01

Galicia Bank is a deep seamount included as Site of Community Importance (SCI) in the Spanish Natura 2000 Network proposal. In the present study, epibenthic assemblages of sedimentary habitats have been described, together with the main environmental factor explaining species and communities distribution. Five epibenthic assemblages have been identified. Depth was the main factor explaining assemblage distribution, and the role of sediment type, water masses, and coral framework presence is also discussed. Three assemblages are located in the summit: the shallowest one (730-770 m), in the boundary between Eastern North Atlantic Central Water (ENACW) and Mediterranean Overflow Water (MOW) water masses is typified by ophiuroids and characterized by medium sands. The second assemblage (770-800 m) typified by the bivalve Limopsis minuta and the solitary coral Flabellum chunii correspond with medium sands and MOW core; and the third typified by the presence of cold-water coral communities dominated by Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata, also on the MOW influence. In the border of the summit, in the bank break, an assemblage located in the range 1000-1200 m is dominated by the urchin Cidaris cidaris and the sponge Thenea muricata. In the flat flanks around the bank, the deepest assemblage (1400-1800 m) is dominated by the holothurian Benthogone rosea, in a depth range dominated by the Labrador water (LSW) and in fine sands with highest contents of organic matter. Most of species appeared in a depth range smaller than 25% of total depth range sampled and in < 10% of samples. Differential preference of species is evident in the different trophic guilds, with a higher dominance of filter-feeders in the summit and of deposit-feeders in the deepest assemblage, and have clear links with nutrient dynamics in the bank.

Catalyzing Gender Equality-Focused Clean Energy Development in West Africa

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Regional Center for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (ECREEE) partnered with the Clean Energy Solutions Center (Solutions Center), the African Development Bank and other institutions to develop a Situation Analysis of Energy and Gender Issues in ECOWAS Member States. Through a systematic approach to assess interlinked gender and energy issues in the region, the report puts forth a number of key findings. This brochure highlights ECREEE's partnership with the Solutions Center and key findings from the report.

Linking International Development Actors to Geophysical Infrastructure: Exploring an IRIS Community Role in Bridging a Communications Gap

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lerner-Lam, A.; Aster, R.; Beck, S.; Ekstrom, G.; Fisher, K.; Meltzer, A.; Nyblade, A.; Sandvol, E.; Willemann, R.

2008-12-01

Over the past quarter century, national investments in high-fidelity digital seismograph networks have resulted in a global infrastructure for real-time in situ earthquake monitoring. Many network operators adhere to community-developed standards, with the result that there are few technical impediments to data sharing and real-time information exchange. Two unanswered questions, however, are whether the existing models of international collaboration will ensure the stability and sustainability of global earthquake monitoring, and whether the participating institutions can work with international development agencies and non- governmental organizations in meeting linked development and natural hazard risk reduction goals. Since the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, many of these actors are enlarging their commitments to natural hazard risk reduction and building national technical capacities, among broader programs in poverty alleviation and adaptation to environmental stress. Despite this renewed commitment, international development organizations, with notable exceptions, have been relatively passive in discussions of how the existing earthquake monitoring infrastructure could be leveraged to support risk-reduction programs and meet sustainable development goals. At the same time, the international seismological community - comprising universities and government seismological surveys - has built research and education initiatives such as EarthScope, AfricaArray, and similar programs in China, Europe and South America, that use innovative instrumentation technologies and deployment strategies to enable new science and applications, and promote education and training in critical sectors. Can these developments be combined? Recognizing this communication or knowledge gap, the IRIS International Working Group (IWG) explores the link between the activities of IRIS Members using IRIS facilities and the missions of international development agencies, such as US AID, the World Bank, other international development banks, and agencies of the United Nations. Interests of US seismologists are served by encouraging development of modern seismographic systems in countries around the world to collect data that are useful in research as well as hazard mitigation and other national interests. Activities of the IWG to date include communicating the benefits of geophysical infrastructure and training to disaster risk reduction programs within the United Nations and development banks, coordinating an initiative to leverage retired PASSCAL data loggers through long-term loans to network operators in foreign countries, preparing a white paper outlining IRIS capabilities relevant to international development, and conducting a workshop, "Out of Africa", on modernizing geophysical infrastructure in the Americas and Southeast Asia through projects that are closely tied to university education and academic research.

An Item Bank to Measure Systems, Services, and Policies: Environmental Factors Affecting People With Disabilities.

PubMed

Lai, Jin-Shei; Hammel, Joy; Jerousek, Sara; Goldsmith, Arielle; Miskovic, Ana; Baum, Carolyn; Wong, Alex W; Dashner, Jessica; Heinemann, Allen W

2016-12-01

To develop a measure of perceived systems, services, and policies facilitators (see Chapter 5 of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) for people with neurologic disabilities and to evaluate the effect of perceived systems, services, and policies facilitators on health-related quality of life. Qualitative approaches to develop and refine items. Confirmatory factor analysis including 1-factor confirmatory factor analysis and bifactor analysis to evaluate unidimensionality of items. Rasch analysis to identify misfitting items. Correlational and analysis of variance methods to evaluate construct validity. Community-dwelling individuals participated in telephone interviews or traveled to the academic medical centers where this research took place. Participants (N=571) had a diagnosis of spinal cord injury, stroke, or traumatic brain injury. They were 18 years or older and English speaking. Not applicable. An item bank to evaluate environmental access and support levels of services, systems, and policies for people with disabilities. We identified a general factor defined as "access and support levels of the services, systems, and policies at the level of community living" and 3 local factors defined as "health services," "community living," and "community resources." The systems, services, and policies measure correlated moderately with participation measures: Community Participation Indicators (CPI) - Involvement, CPI - Control over Participation, Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders - Ability to Participate, Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders - Satisfaction with Role Participation, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Ability to Participate, PROMIS Satisfaction with Role Participation, and PROMIS Isolation. The measure of systems, services, and policies facilitators contains items pertaining to health services, community living, and community resources. Investigators and clinicians can measure perceptions of systems, services, and policies resources reliably with the items described here. Moderate relations between systems, services, and policies facilitators and PROMIS and CPI variables provide support for the measurement and theory of environmental effects on social functioning related to participation. Copyright © 2016 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Maryland's efforts to develop regulations creating an air emissions offset trading program

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Guy, D.M.; Zaw-Mon, M.

1999-07-01

Under the federal Clean Air Act's New Source Review program, many companies located in or planning to locate in areas that do not meet federal air quality standards or in the Northeast Ozone Transport Region (northern Virginia to Maine) must obtain emission reductions (called offsets) of volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides that are greater than the new emissions that will be released. This offset requirement allows growth in industry while protecting air quality against deterioration. Despite the federal offset requirement, a formal banking and trading program is not mandated by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Still, amore » mechanism is needed to ensure that emission reduction credits (ERCs) are available for sources to use to meet the offset requirement. Currently, Maryland does not have regulations covering the sale or transfer of ERCs from one facility to another. Maryland works with industry on a case-by-case basis to identify potential sources of ERCs and to assist in obtaining them. Then, the offset requirement and the ERCs used to meet the offsets are incorporated into individual permits using various permitting mechanisms. Desiring certainty and stability in the banking and trading process, Maryland's business community has pressed for regulations to formalize Maryland's procedures. Working over several years through a stakeholder process, Maryland has developed concepts for a trading program and a draft regulation. This paper describes Maryland's current case-by-case banking and trading procedure and traces efforts to develop a regulation to formalize the process. The paper discusses complex policy issues related to establishing a banking and trading program, describes the principal elements of Maryland's draft regulation, and summarizes elements of other states' emissions banking and trading programs.« less

12 CFR 615.5000 - General responsibilities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

....5000 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM FUNDING AND FISCAL AFFAIRS, LOAN POLICIES AND OPERATIONS, AND FUNDING OPERATIONS Funding § 615.5000 General responsibilities. (a) The System... System's funding operations have a significant impact upon the investment community, the general public...

12 CFR 900.2 - Terms relating to Bank operations, mission and supervision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... of the regulation refers to the capital plan prior to its approval by the Finance Board. CIP means...), offered under section 10(j) of the Act (12 U.S.C. 1430(j)); a Bank's Community Investment Program (CIP...

12 CFR 900.2 - Terms relating to Bank operations, mission and supervision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... of the regulation refers to the capital plan prior to its approval by the Finance Board. CIP means...), offered under section 10(j) of the Act (12 U.S.C. 1430(j)); a Bank's Community Investment Program (CIP...

12 CFR 900.2 - Terms relating to Bank operations, mission and supervision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... of the regulation refers to the capital plan prior to its approval by the Finance Board. CIP means...), offered under section 10(j) of the Act (12 U.S.C. 1430(j)); a Bank's Community Investment Program (CIP...

12 CFR 900.2 - Terms relating to Bank operations, mission and supervision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... of the regulation refers to the capital plan prior to its approval by the Finance Board. CIP means...), offered under section 10(j) of the Act (12 U.S.C. 1430(j)); a Bank's Community Investment Program (CIP...

12 CFR 900.2 - Terms relating to Bank operations, mission and supervision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... of the regulation refers to the capital plan prior to its approval by the Finance Board. CIP means...), offered under section 10(j) of the Act (12 U.S.C. 1430(j)); a Bank's Community Investment Program (CIP...

Community-Based Information Technology Services 1: What (Some) Users Want.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Caldwell, Barrett S.; Robertson, Jenifer W.

1996-01-01

Addresses issues regarding the design of electronic community information services and user preferences for information services. Presents results of surveying 80 Wisconsin residents about their community information needs. The following community information needs were identified: library services, local government and banking, local calendars of…

The seed bank longevity index revisited: limited reliability evident from a burial experiment and database analyses.

PubMed

Saatkamp, Arne; Affre, Laurence; Dutoit, Thierry; Poschlod, Peter

2009-09-01

Seed survival in the soil contributes to population persistence and community diversity, creating a need for reliable measures of soil seed bank persistence. Several methods estimate soil seed bank persistence, most of which count seedlings emerging from soil samples. Seasonality, depth distribution and presence (or absence) in vegetation are then used to classify a species' soil seed bank into persistent or transient, often synthesized into a longevity index. This study aims to determine if counts of seedlings from soil samples yield reliable seed bank persistence estimates and if this is correlated to seed production. Seeds of 38 annual weeds taken from arable fields were buried in the field and their viability tested by germination and tetrazolium tests at 6 month intervals for 2.5 years. This direct measure of soil seed survival was compared with indirect estimates from the literature, which use seedling emergence from soil samples to determine seed bank persistence. Published databases were used to explore the generality of the influence of reproductive capacity on seed bank persistence estimates from seedling emergence data. There was no relationship between a species' soil seed survival in the burial experiment and its seed bank persistence estimate from published data using seedling emergence from soil samples. The analysis of complementary data from published databases revealed that while seed bank persistence estimates based on seedling emergence from soil samples are generally correlated with seed production, estimates of seed banks from burial experiments are not. The results can be explained in terms of the seed size-seed number trade-off, which suggests that the higher number of smaller seeds is compensated after germination. Soil seed bank persistence estimates correlated to seed production are therefore not useful for studies on population persistence or community diversity. Confusion of soil seed survival and seed production can be avoided by separate use of soil seed abundance and experimental soil seed survival.

Toward a More Systematic Assessment of Smoking: Development of a Smoking Module for PROMIS®

PubMed Central

Tucker, Joan S.; Shadel, William G.; Stucky, Brian D.; Cai, Li

2012-01-01

Introduction The aim of the PROMIS® Smoking Initiative is to develop, evaluate, and standardize item banks to assess cigarette smoking behavior and biopsychosocial constructs associated with smoking for both daily and non-daily smokers. Methods We used qualitative methods to develop the item pool (following the PROMIS® approach: e.g., literature search, “binning and winnowing” of items, and focus groups and cognitive interviews to finalize wording and format), and quantitative methods (e.g., factor analysis) to develop the item banks. Results We considered a total of 1622 extant items, and 44 new items for inclusion in the smoking item banks. A final set of 277 items representing 11 conceptual domains was selected for field testing in a national sample of smokers. Using data from 3021 daily smokers in the field test, an iterative series of exploratory factor analyses and project team discussions resulted in six item banks: Positive Consequences of Smoking (40 items), Smoking Dependence/Craving (55 items), Health Consequences of Smoking (26 items), Psychosocial Consequences of Smoking (37 items), Coping Aspects of Smoking (30 items), and Social Factors of Smoking (23 items). Conclusions Inclusion of a smoking domain in the PROMIS® framework will standardize measurement of key smoking constructs using state-of-the-art psychometric methods, and make them widely accessible to health care providers, smoking researchers and the large community of researchers using PROMIS® who might not otherwise include an assessment of smoking in their design. Next steps include reducing the number of items in each domain, conducting confirmatory analyses, and duplicating the process for non-daily smokers. PMID:22770824

Toward a more systematic assessment of smoking: development of a smoking module for PROMIS®.

PubMed

Edelen, Maria O; Tucker, Joan S; Shadel, William G; Stucky, Brian D; Cai, Li

2012-11-01

The aim of the PROMIS® Smoking Initiative is to develop, evaluate, and standardize item banks to assess cigarette smoking behavior and biopsychosocial constructs associated with smoking for both daily and non-daily smokers. We used qualitative methods to develop the item pool (following the PROMIS® approach: e.g., literature search, "binning and winnowing" of items, and focus groups and cognitive interviews to finalize wording and format), and quantitative methods (e.g., factor analysis) to develop the item banks. We considered a total of 1622 extant items, and 44 new items for inclusion in the smoking item banks. A final set of 277 items representing 11 conceptual domains was selected for field testing in a national sample of smokers. Using data from 3021 daily smokers in the field test, an iterative series of exploratory factor analyses and project team discussions resulted in six item banks: Positive Consequences of Smoking (40 items), Smoking Dependence/Craving (55 items), Health Consequences of Smoking (26 items), Psychosocial Consequences of Smoking (37 items), Coping Aspects of Smoking (30 items), and Social Factors of Smoking (23 items). Inclusion of a smoking domain in the PROMIS® framework will standardize measurement of key smoking constructs using state-of-the-art psychometric methods, and make them widely accessible to health care providers, smoking researchers and the large community of researchers using PROMIS® who might not otherwise include an assessment of smoking in their design. Next steps include reducing the number of items in each domain, conducting confirmatory analyses, and duplicating the process for non-daily smokers. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Soil Seed Bank Responses to Postfire Herbicide and Native Seeding Treatments Designed to Control Bromus tectorum in a Pinyon–Juniper Woodland at Zion National Park, USA

USGS Publications Warehouse

Brooks, Matthew L.; Hondo Brisbin, graduate student; Andrea Thode, Associate Professor; Karen Weber, graduate student

2013-01-01

The continued threat of an invasive, annual brome (Bromus) species in the western United States has created the need for integrated approaches to postfire restoration. Additionally, the high germination rate, high seed production, and seed bank carryover of annual bromes points to the need to assay soil seed banks as part of monitoring programs. We sampled the soil seed bank to help assess the effectiveness of treatments utilizing the herbicide Plateau® (imazapic) and a perennial native seed mix to control annual Bromus species and enhance perennial native plant establishment following a wildfire in Zion National Park, Utah. This study is one of few that have monitored the effects of imazapic and native seeding on a soil seed bank community and the only one that we know of that has done so in a pinyon–juniper woodland. The study made use of untreated, replicated controls, which is not common for seed bank studies. One year posttreatment, Bromus was significantly reduced in plots sprayed with herbicide. By the second year posttreatment, the effects of imazapic were less evident and convergence with the controls was evident. Emergence of seeded species was low for the duration of the study. Dry conditions and possible interactions with imazapic probably contributed to the lack of emergence of seeded native species. The perennial grass sand dropseed outperformed the other species included in the seed mix. We also examined how the treatments affected the soil seed bank community as a whole. We found evidence that the herbicide was reducing several native annual forbs and one nonnative annual forb. However, overall effects on the community were not significant. The results of our study were similar to what others have found in that imazapic is effective in providing a short-term reduction in Bromus density, although it can impact emergence of nontarget species.

Effects of the Terra Nova offshore oil development on benthic macro-invertebrates over 10 years of development drilling on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland, Canada

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paine, Michael D.; DeBlois, Elisabeth M.; Kilgour, Bruce W.; Tracy, Ellen; Pocklington, Patricia; Crowley, Roger D.; Williams, Urban P.; Gregory Janes, G.

2014-12-01

This paper describes effects of drilling with water and synthetic-based drilling muds on benthic macro-invertebrates over 10 years at the Terra Nova offshore oil development. As such, the paper provides insight on the effects of relatively new synthetic-based drilling muds (SBMs), and makes an important contribution to our understanding of the long-term chronic effects of drilling on benthic communities. The Terra Nova Field is located approximately 350 km offshore on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland (Canada). Sediment and invertebrate samples were collected in 1997 (baseline) prior to drilling, and subsequently in 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008 and 2010. Approximately 50 stations were sampled in each year at distances of less than 1 to approximately 20 km from drill centres. Summary benthic invertebrate community measures examined were total abundance, biomass, richness, diversity and multivariate measures of community composition based on non-Metric Dimensional Scaling (nMDS). Decreases in abundance, biomass and richness were noted at one station located nearest (0.14 km) to a drill centre in some environmental effects monitoring (EEM) years. These decreases coincided with higher levels of tracers of drill muds in sediments (barium and >C10-C21 hydrocarbons). Abundances of selected individual taxa were also examined to help interpret responses when project-related effects on summary measures occurred. Enrichment effects on some tolerant taxa (e.g., the polychaete family Phyllodocidae and the bivalve family Tellinidae) and decreased abundances of sensitive taxa (e.g., the polychaete families Orbiniidae and Paraonidae) were detected to within approximately 1-2 km from discharge source. Lagged responses three to five years after drilling started were noted for Phyllodocidae and Tellinidae, suggesting chronic or indirect effects. Overall, results of benthic community analyses at Terra Nova indicate that effects on summary measures of community composition were spatially limited but, as seen elsewhere, some taxa were more sensitive to drilling discharges.

12 CFR 345.42 - Data collection, reporting, and disclosure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Data collection, reporting, and disclosure. 345... OF GENERAL POLICY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Records, Reporting, and Disclosure Requirements § 345.42 Data collection, reporting, and disclosure. (a) Loan information required to be collected and...

75 FR 60347 - Information Sharing Among Federal Home Loan Banks

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-30

... examiners' assessment of the strength of the Bank's corporate governance, its management of market risk, credit risk and operational risk, and its overall financial condition and performance. Based on these... enhancing the availability of residential mortgage and community lending credit through its member...

Impacts of exploratory drilling for oil and gas on the benthic environment of Georges Bank

USGS Publications Warehouse

Neff, J. M.; Bothner, Michael H.; Maciolek, N. J.; Grassle, J. F.

1989-01-01

Cluster analysis revealed a strong relationship between community structure and both sediment type and water depth. Little seasonal variation was detected, but some interannual differences were revealed by cluster analysis and correspondence analysis. The replicates from a station always resembled each other more than they resembled any replicates from other stations. In addition, the combined replicates from a station always clustered with samples from that station taken on other cruises. This excellent replication and uniformity of the benthic infaunal community at a station over time made it possible to detect very subtle changes in community parameters that might be related to discharges of drilling fluid and drill cuttings. Nevertheless, no changes were detected in benthic communities of Georges Bank that could be attributed to drilling activities.

The case for an international patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS®) initiative

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) play an increasingly important role in clinical practice and research. Modern psychometric methods such as item response theory (IRT) enable the creation of item banks that support fixed-length forms as well as computerized adaptive testing (CAT), often resulting in improved measurement precision and responsiveness. Here we describe and discuss the case for developing an international core set of PROs building from the US PROMIS® network. PROMIS is a U.S.-based cooperative group of research sites and centers of excellence convened to develop and standardize PRO measures across studies and settings. If extended to a global collaboration, PROMIS has the potential to transform PRO measurement by creating a shared, unifying terminology and metric for reporting of common symptoms and functional life domains. Extending a common set of standardized PRO measures to the international community offers great potential for improving patient-centered research, clinical trials reporting, population monitoring, and health care worldwide. Benefits of such standardization include the possibility of: international syntheses (such as meta-analyses) of research findings; international population monitoring and policy development; health services administrators and planners access to relevant information on the populations they serve; better assessment and monitoring of patients by providers; and improved shared decision making. The goal of the current PROMIS International initiative is to ensure that item banks are translated and culturally adapted for use in adults and children in as many countries as possible. The process includes 3 key steps: translation/cultural adaptation, calibration, and validation. A universal translation, an approach focusing on commonalities, rather than differences across versions developed in regions or countries speaking the same language, is proposed to ensure conceptual equivalence for all items. International item calibration using nationally representative samples of adults and children within countries is essential to demonstrate that all items possess expected strong measurement properties. Finally, it is important to demonstrate that the PROMIS measures are valid, reliable and responsive to change when used in an international context. IRT item banking will allow for tailoring within countries and facilitate growth and evolution of PROs through contributions from the international measurement community. A number of opportunities and challenges of international development of PROs item banks are discussed. PMID:24359143

The case for an international patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS®) initiative.

PubMed

Alonso, Jordi; Bartlett, Susan J; Rose, Matthias; Aaronson, Neil K; Chaplin, John E; Efficace, Fabio; Leplège, Alain; Lu, Aiping; Tulsky, David S; Raat, Hein; Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike; Revicki, Dennis; Terwee, Caroline B; Valderas, Jose M; Cella, David; Forrest, Christopher B

2013-12-20

Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) play an increasingly important role in clinical practice and research. Modern psychometric methods such as item response theory (IRT) enable the creation of item banks that support fixed-length forms as well as computerized adaptive testing (CAT), often resulting in improved measurement precision and responsiveness. Here we describe and discuss the case for developing an international core set of PROs building from the US PROMIS® network.PROMIS is a U.S.-based cooperative group of research sites and centers of excellence convened to develop and standardize PRO measures across studies and settings. If extended to a global collaboration, PROMIS has the potential to transform PRO measurement by creating a shared, unifying terminology and metric for reporting of common symptoms and functional life domains. Extending a common set of standardized PRO measures to the international community offers great potential for improving patient-centered research, clinical trials reporting, population monitoring, and health care worldwide. Benefits of such standardization include the possibility of: international syntheses (such as meta-analyses) of research findings; international population monitoring and policy development; health services administrators and planners access to relevant information on the populations they serve; better assessment and monitoring of patients by providers; and improved shared decision making.The goal of the current PROMIS International initiative is to ensure that item banks are translated and culturally adapted for use in adults and children in as many countries as possible. The process includes 3 key steps: translation/cultural adaptation, calibration, and validation. A universal translation, an approach focusing on commonalities, rather than differences across versions developed in regions or countries speaking the same language, is proposed to ensure conceptual equivalence for all items. International item calibration using nationally representative samples of adults and children within countries is essential to demonstrate that all items possess expected strong measurement properties. Finally, it is important to demonstrate that the PROMIS measures are valid, reliable and responsive to change when used in an international context.IRT item banking will allow for tailoring within countries and facilitate growth and evolution of PROs through contributions from the international measurement community. A number of opportunities and challenges of international development of PROs item banks are discussed.

12 CFR 563e.26 - Small savings association performance standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Small savings association performance standards... COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 563e.26 Small savings association performance standards. (a) Performance criteria—(1) Small savings associations that are not intermediate small savings...

12 CFR 563e.26 - Small savings association performance standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Small savings association performance standards... COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 563e.26 Small savings association performance standards. (a) Performance criteria—(1) Small savings associations that are not intermediate small savings...

12 CFR 228.42 - Data collection, reporting, and disclosure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Data collection, reporting, and disclosure. 228... FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT (REGULATION BB) Records, Reporting, and Disclosure Requirements § 228.42 Data collection, reporting, and disclosure. (a) Loan information required to be collected...

12 CFR 228.45 - Publication of planned examination schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

.... 228.45 Section 228.45 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT (REGULATION BB) Records, Reporting, and Disclosure Requirements § 228.45 Publication of planned examination schedule. The Board publishes at least 30 days in...

Toxic Waste in Grand Banks. Lesson Plan.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Litchka, Peter

"Toxic Waste in Grand Banks" is an assessment task in which students from a high school economics class investigate the issues of economic prosperity, environmental concerns, government intervention in the market economy, and responsible civic participation in solving community problems. Students will demonstrate an ability--both individually and…

Mutual Community Bank Competitive Equality Act

THOMAS, 112th Congress

Rep. Velazquez, Nydia M. [D-NY-12

2012-03-20

House - 04/26/2012 Referred to the Subcommittee on Insurance, Housing and Community Opportunity. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

76 FR 66274 - Availability of Seats for the Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuary Advisory Council

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-26

...The ONMS is seeking applications for the following vacant seats on the Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuary Advisory Council: Education, Primary and Alternate seats; Fishing, Primary and Alternate seats; Research, Alternate seat; Community-at-Large Mann County, Alternate seat; Community-at-Large Sonoma County, Alternate seat. Applicants are chosen based upon their particular expertise and experience in relation to the seat for which they are applying; community and professional affiliations; philosophy regarding the protection and management of marine resources; and possibly the length of residence in the area affected by the sanctuary. Applicants who are chosen as members should expect to serve three-year terms, pursuant to the council's Charter.

Fish species and community distributions as proxies for seafloor habitat distributions: The Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary example (Northwest Atlantic, Gulf of Maine)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Auster, P.J.; Joy, K.; Valentine, P.C.

2001-01-01

Defining the habitats of fishes and associated fauna on outer continental shelves is problematic given the paucity of data on the actual types and distributions of seafloor habitats. However many regions have good data on the distributions of fishes from resource surveys or catch statistics because of the economic importance of the fisheries. Fish distribution data (species or communities) have been used as a proxy for the distribution of habitats to develop precautionary conservation strategies for habitat protection (e.g., marine protected areas, fishing gear restrictions). In this study we assessed the relationships between the distributions of fish communities and species derived from trawl survey data with the spatial distribution of sediment types determined by sampling and acoustic reflectance derived from multibeam sonar surveys in Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary. Fish communities were correlated with reflectance values but all communities did not occur in unique sediment types. This suggests that use of community distributions as proxies for habitats should include the caveat that a greater number of communities within an area could indicate a greater range of habitat types. Single species distributions showed relationships between abundance and reflectance values. Trawl catches with low abundances had wide variations in reflectance values while those with high abundances had narrower ranges indicating habitat affinities. Significant non-random frequency-dependent relationships were observed for 17 of 20 species although only 12 of 20 species had significant relationships based on rank correlation. These results suggest that species distributions based on trawl survey data can be used as proxies for the distribution of seafloor habitats. Species with known habitat associations can be used to infer habitat requirements of co-occurring species and can be used to identify a range of habitat types.

Fish species and community distributions as proxies for sea-floor habitat distributions: the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary example (northwest Atlantic, Gulf Of Maine)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Auster, Peter J.; Joy, Kevin; Valentine, Page C.

2001-01-01

Defining the habitats of fishes and associated fauna on outer continental shelves is problematic given the paucity of data on the actual types and distributions of seafloor habitats. However many regions have good data on the distributions of fishes from resource surveys or catch statistics because of the economic importance of the fisheries. Fish distribution data (species or communities) have been used as a proxy for the distribution of habitats to develop precautionary conservation strategies for habitat protection (e.g., marine protected areas, fishing gear restrictions). In this study we assessed the relationships between the distributions of fish communities and species derived from trawl survey data with the spatial distribution of sediment types determined by sampling and acoustic reflectance derived from multibeam sonar surveys in Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary. Fish communities were correlated with reflectance values but all communities did not occur in unique sediment types. This suggests that use of community distributions as proxies for habitats should include the caveat that a greater number of communities within an area could indicate a greater range of habitat types. Single species distributions showed relationships between abundance and reflectance values. Trawl catches with low abundances had wide variations in reflectance values while those with high abundances had narrower ranges indicating habitat affinities. Significant non-random frequency-dependent relationships were observed for 17 of 20 species although only 12 of 20 species had significant relationships based on rank correlation. These results suggest that species distributions based on trawl survey data can be used as proxies for the distribution of seafloor habitats. Species with known habitat associations can be used to infer habitat requirements of co-occurring species and can be used to identify a range of habitat types.

Genetic selection and conservation of genetic diversity*.

PubMed

Blackburn, H D

2012-08-01

For 100s of years, livestock producers have employed various types of selection to alter livestock populations. Current selection strategies are little different, except our technologies for selection have become more powerful. Genetic resources at the breed level have been in and out of favour over time. These resources are the raw materials used to manipulate populations, and therefore, they are critical to the past and future success of the livestock sector. With increasing ability to rapidly change genetic composition of livestock populations, the conservation of these genetic resources becomes more critical. Globally, awareness of the need to steward genetic resources has increased. A growing number of countries have embarked on large scale conservation efforts by using in situ, ex situ (gene banking), or both approaches. Gene banking efforts have substantially increased and data suggest that gene banks are successfully capturing genetic diversity for research or industry use. It is also noteworthy that both industry and the research community are utilizing gene bank holdings. As pressures grow to meet consumer demands and potential changes in production systems, the linkage between selection goals and genetic conservation will increase as a mechanism to facilitate continued livestock sector development. © 2012 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

A bill to provide for an exemption for community banks to certain escrow requirements under the Truth in Lending Act, and for other purposes.

THOMAS, 112th Congress

Sen. Vitter, David [R-LA

2012-03-29

Senate - 03/29/2012 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

12 CFR 563e.42 - Data collection, reporting, and disclosure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Data collection, reporting, and disclosure... COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Records, Reporting, and Disclosure Requirements § 563e.42 Data collection, reporting... business or small farm loan originated or purchased by the savings association: (1) A unique number or...

12 CFR Appendix C to Part 226 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations C Appendix C... of Staff Interpretations Official Staff Interpretations Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community Affairs are authorized to issue official staff interpretations of this regulation. These...

12 CFR Appendix D to Part 230 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations D Appendix D...—Issuance of Staff Interpretations Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community Affairs are authorized to issue official staff interpretations of this part. These interpretations provide the...

12 CFR Appendix D to Part 230 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations D Appendix D...—Issuance of Staff Interpretations Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community Affairs are authorized to issue official staff interpretations of this part. These interpretations provide the...

12 CFR Appendix C to Part 226 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations C Appendix C... of Staff Interpretations Official Staff Interpretations Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community Affairs are authorized to issue official staff interpretations of this regulation. These...

12 CFR Appendix D to Part 230 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations D Appendix D...—Issuance of Staff Interpretations Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community Affairs are authorized to issue official staff interpretations of this part. These interpretations provide the...

Rapid development of tissue bank achieved by International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Tissue Banking Programme in China.

PubMed

Zhang, Yu-Min; Wang, Jian-Ru; Zhang, Nai-Li; Liu, Xiao-Ming; Zhou, Mo; Ma, Shao-Ying; Yang, Ting; Li, Bao-Xing

2014-09-01

Before 1986, the development of tissue banking in China has been slow and relatively uncoordinated. Under the support of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Tissue Banking in China experienced rapid development. In this period, China Institute for Radiation Protection tissue bank mastered systematic and modern tissue banking technique by IAEA training course and gradually developed the first regional tissue bank (Shanxi Provincial Tissue Bank, SPTB) to provide tissue allograft. Benefit from training course, SPTB promoted the development of tissue transplantation by ways of training, brochure, advertisement and meeting. Tissue allograft transplantation acquired recognition from clinic and supervision and administration from government. Quality system gradually is developing and perfecting. Tissue allograft transplantation and tissue bank are developing rapidly and healthy.

Factors associated with willingness to participate in biospecimen research among Chinese Americans.

PubMed

Gao, Wanzhen; Ma, Grace X; Tan, Yin; Fang, Carolyn; Weaver, JoEllen; Jin, Ming; Lai, Philip

2014-04-01

A paucity of information exists on the recruitment of Asian Americans for biospecimen research. Although studies show that Chinese Americans are at high risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, little is known about their willingness to participate in HBV-related biospecimen research and how knowledge, attitudes, and cultural factors impact their willingness to participate. The study was guided by Community-Based Participatory Research principles. Data were derived from an assessment study on HBV-related biospecimen research participation among Chinese Americans in the Philadelphia region. The assessment was conducted with 415 Chinese Americans recruited from eight Chinese community-based organizations. Cultural beliefs, knowledge, and attitudes toward biospecimen research were examined for associations with their willingness to participate in biospecimen banking research. Overall, 192 (46.3%) of 415 participants who completed the assessment indicated they were willing to participate if they were invited to donate blood to be frozen and stored for future HBV biospecimen studies. Cultural variables significant in bivariate analysis included collectivism, knowledge about biospecimen research, and Yin-Yang beliefs. Fatalism and individualism were not associated with participation willingness. In multivariate analysis, age, health care attitudes, and trust were significantly associated with willingness to participate in biospecimen banking research. Asian American communities have little knowledge of biospecimen banking and will benefit from educational campaigns that emphasize collective benefits and attitudes towards and trust in the health care system. Understanding cultural factors is important for improving Chinese Americans' knowledge, awareness, and intentions of participation in biospecimen research. Similar efforts need to be undertaken to develop culturally appropriate educational intervention programs to increase participation in biospecimen research among other Asian American groups.

Factors Associated with Willingness to Participate in Biospecimen Research Among Chinese Americans

PubMed Central

Gao, Wanzhen; Tan, Yin; Fang, Carolyn; Weaver, JoEllen; Jin, Ming; Lai, Philip

2014-01-01

A paucity of information exists on the recruitment of Asian Americans for biospecimen research. Although studies show that Chinese Americans are at high risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, little is known about their willingness to participate in HBV-related biospecimen research and how knowledge, attitudes, and cultural factors impact their willingness to participate. The study was guided by Community-Based Participatory Research principles. Data were derived from an assessment study on HBV-related biospecimen research participation among Chinese Americans in the Philadelphia region. The assessment was conducted with 415 Chinese Americans recruited from eight Chinese community-based organizations. Cultural beliefs, knowledge, and attitudes toward biospecimen research were examined for associations with their willingness to participate in biospecimen banking research. Overall, 192 (46.3%) of 415 participants who completed the assessment indicated they were willing to participate if they were invited to donate blood to be frozen and stored for future HBV biospecimen studies. Cultural variables significant in bivariate analysis included collectivism, knowledge about biospecimen research, and Yin-Yang beliefs. Fatalism and individualism were not associated with participation willingness. In multivariate analysis, age, health care attitudes, and trust were significantly associated with willingness to participate in biospecimen banking research. Asian American communities have little knowledge of biospecimen banking and will benefit from educational campaigns that emphasize collective benefits and attitudes towards and trust in the health care system. Understanding cultural factors is important for improving Chinese Americans' knowledge, awareness, and intentions of participation in biospecimen research. Similar efforts need to be undertaken to develop culturally appropriate educational intervention programs to increase participation in biospecimen research among other Asian American groups. PMID:24749880

Clustering drug-drug interaction networks with energy model layouts: community analysis and drug repurposing.

PubMed

Udrescu, Lucreţia; Sbârcea, Laura; Topîrceanu, Alexandru; Iovanovici, Alexandru; Kurunczi, Ludovic; Bogdan, Paul; Udrescu, Mihai

2016-09-07

Analyzing drug-drug interactions may unravel previously unknown drug action patterns, leading to the development of new drug discovery tools. We present a new approach to analyzing drug-drug interaction networks, based on clustering and topological community detection techniques that are specific to complex network science. Our methodology uncovers functional drug categories along with the intricate relationships between them. Using modularity-based and energy-model layout community detection algorithms, we link the network clusters to 9 relevant pharmacological properties. Out of the 1141 drugs from the DrugBank 4.1 database, our extensive literature survey and cross-checking with other databases such as Drugs.com, RxList, and DrugBank 4.3 confirm the predicted properties for 85% of the drugs. As such, we argue that network analysis offers a high-level grasp on a wide area of pharmacological aspects, indicating possible unaccounted interactions and missing pharmacological properties that can lead to drug repositioning for the 15% drugs which seem to be inconsistent with the predicted property. Also, by using network centralities, we can rank drugs according to their interaction potential for both simple and complex multi-pathology therapies. Moreover, our clustering approach can be extended for applications such as analyzing drug-target interactions or phenotyping patients in personalized medicine applications.

Clustering drug-drug interaction networks with energy model layouts: community analysis and drug repurposing

PubMed Central

Udrescu, Lucreţia; Sbârcea, Laura; Topîrceanu, Alexandru; Iovanovici, Alexandru; Kurunczi, Ludovic; Bogdan, Paul; Udrescu, Mihai

2016-01-01

Analyzing drug-drug interactions may unravel previously unknown drug action patterns, leading to the development of new drug discovery tools. We present a new approach to analyzing drug-drug interaction networks, based on clustering and topological community detection techniques that are specific to complex network science. Our methodology uncovers functional drug categories along with the intricate relationships between them. Using modularity-based and energy-model layout community detection algorithms, we link the network clusters to 9 relevant pharmacological properties. Out of the 1141 drugs from the DrugBank 4.1 database, our extensive literature survey and cross-checking with other databases such as Drugs.com, RxList, and DrugBank 4.3 confirm the predicted properties for 85% of the drugs. As such, we argue that network analysis offers a high-level grasp on a wide area of pharmacological aspects, indicating possible unaccounted interactions and missing pharmacological properties that can lead to drug repositioning for the 15% drugs which seem to be inconsistent with the predicted property. Also, by using network centralities, we can rank drugs according to their interaction potential for both simple and complex multi-pathology therapies. Moreover, our clustering approach can be extended for applications such as analyzing drug-target interactions or phenotyping patients in personalized medicine applications. PMID:27599720

Using the coproduction principle: no more throwaway kids.

PubMed

Cahn, Edgar S; Gray, Christine

2005-01-01

Youth development does not take place only in institutions or even primarily in institutions. It takes place in the core economy-the economy of family, neighborhood, and community. Major challenges include rebuilding the kind of village it takes to raise a child and enabling a child to be part of that rebuilding. Another challenge is to make sure that any external incentives that are provided to youth are linked to activities that build self-esteem and convey a definition of value that is different from that established by money and market price. This chapter provides an introduction to time banking and to coproduction, approaches to youth development that enable youth to participate as major players, as opposed to recipients, in the reshaping of their lives and communities.

Dynamics of late spring and summer phytoplankton communities on Georges Bank, with emphasis on diatoms, Alexandrium spp., and other dinoflagellates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gettings, Rachel M.; Townsend, David W.; Thomas, Maura A.; Karp-Boss, Lee

2014-05-01

We analyzed the distribution, abundance, and succession patterns of major phytoplankton taxa on Georges Bank in relation to hydrography, nutrients, and size-fractionated chlorophyll concentrations (>20 μm; <20 μm) on three oceanographic cruises from late spring through summer 2008 (28 April-5 May, 27 May-4 June, and 27 June-3 July). The April-May phytoplankton community was dominated numerically by the diatoms Skeletonema spp., Thalassiosira spp., Coscinodiscus spp., and Chaetoceros spp., with highest total diatom cell densities exceeding 200,000 cells l-1 on the Northeast Peak. In May-June, low nitrate and silicate concentrations over the Bank, along with patches of slightly elevated ammonium, were apparently supporting a predominantly dinoflagellate population; the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium spp. reached 13,000 cells l-1. Diatom cell densities on the second cruise in May-June were less than 60,000 cells l-1 and their spatial distributions did not overlap with the highest cell densities of Alexandrium spp. or other dinoflagellates. On the third and last cruise, in June-July, reduced nitrate and silicate concentrations were accompanied by a shift in the phytoplankton community: Alexandrium spp. cell densities were lower and heterotrophic and mixotrophic dinoflagellates, notably Polykrikos spp., Gyrodinium spp., Gymnodinium spp., and Prorocentrum spp., had become more abundant. Patches of regenerated silicate during the June-July period appeared to support a post-spring-bloom diatom community on the central crest of the Bank (total diatom cell densities >180,000 cellsl-1) of Leptocylindrus spp., Dactyliosolen spp., and Guinardia flaccida. Multivariate statistical analyses of phytoplankton taxa and station locations revealed distinct assemblages of diatom and dinoflagellate taxa on the Bank throughout the late spring and summer. Results are interpreted in the ecological context of earlier-reported laboratory culture experiments on the competitive interactions between Alexandrium fundyense and diatoms.

A geostatistical analysis of small-scale spatial variability in bacterial abundance and community structure in salt marsh creek bank sediments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Franklin, Rima B.; Blum, Linda K.; McComb, Alison C.; Mills, Aaron L.

2002-01-01

Small-scale variations in bacterial abundance and community structure were examined in salt marsh sediments from Virginia's eastern shore. Samples were collected at 5 cm intervals (horizontally) along a 50 cm elevation gradient, over a 215 cm horizontal transect. For each sample, bacterial abundance was determined using acridine orange direct counts and community structure was analyzed using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting of whole-community DNA extracts. A geostatistical analysis was used to determine the degree of spatial autocorrelation among the samples, for each variable and each direction (horizontal and vertical). The proportion of variance in bacterial abundance that could be accounted for by the spatial model was quite high (vertical: 60%, horizontal: 73%); significant autocorrelation was found among samples separated by 25 cm in the vertical direction and up to 115 cm horizontally. In contrast, most of the variability in community structure was not accounted for by simply considering the spatial separation of samples (vertical: 11%, horizontal: 22%), and must reflect variability from other parameters (e.g., variation at other spatial scales, experimental error, or environmental heterogeneity). Microbial community patch size based upon overall similarity in community structure varied between 17 cm (vertical) and 35 cm (horizontal). Overall, variability due to horizontal position (distance from the creek bank) was much smaller than that due to vertical position (elevation) for both community properties assayed. This suggests that processes more correlated with elevation (e.g., drainage and redox potential) vary at a smaller scale (therefore producing smaller patch sizes) than processes controlled by distance from the creek bank. c2002 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

How Community Has Shaped the Protein Data Bank

PubMed Central

Berman, Helen M.; Kleywegt, Gerard J.; Nakamura, Haruki; Markley, John L.

2015-01-01

Following several years of community discussion, the Protein Data Bank (PDB) was established in 1971 as a public repository for the coordinates of three-dimensional models of biological macromolecules. Since then, the number, size, and complexity of structural models have continued to grow, reflecting the productivity of structural biology. Managed by the Worldwide PDB organization, the PDB has been able to meet increasing demands for the quantity of structural information and of quality. In addition to providing unrestricted access to structural information, the PDB also works to promote data standards and to raise the profile of structural biology with broader audiences. In this perspective, we describe the history of PDB and the many ways in which the community continues to shape the archive. PMID:24010707

Factors influencing household participation in solid waste management (Case study: Waste Bank Malang)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maryati, S.; Arifiani, N. F.; Humaira, A. N. S.; Putri, H. T.

2018-03-01

Solid waste management is very important measure in order to reduce the amount of waste. One of solid waste management form in Indonesia is waste banks. This kind of solid waste management required high level of participation of the community. The objective of this study is to explore factors influencing household participation in waste banks. Waste bank in Malang City (WBM) was selected as case study. Questionnaires distribution and investigation in WBM were conducted to identify problems of participation. Quantitative analysis was used to analyze the data. The research reveals that education, income, and knowledge about WBM have relationship with participation in WBM.

Soil microbial characteristics and seed bank dynamics of stock-piled top soils in ther western Rio Grande Plains

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Increased energy extraction has impacted rangelands throughout the western U.S. Ecological restoration can be enhanced with proper management of affected top soils. Little information exists on effects of stockpiling on soil microbial community composition and functionality and seed bank dynamics. T...

12 CFR 345.43 - Content and availability of public file.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... GENERAL POLICY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Records, Reporting, and Disclosure Requirements § 345.43 Content and... bank shall place this copy in the public file within 30 business days after its receipt from the FDIC... statement in the public file within three business days of its receipt from the FDIC. (2) Banks required to...

12 CFR 345.29 - Effect of CRA performance on applications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Effect of CRA performance on applications. 345... OF GENERAL POLICY COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT Standards for Assessing Performance § 345.29 Effect of CRA performance on applications. (a) CRA performance. Among other factors, the FDIC takes into account the record...

12 CFR 303.44 - Public notice requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... relocate a main office, notice shall be published at least once each week on the same day for two consecutive weeks. The required publication shall be made in the following communities: (1) To establish a... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Public notice requirements. 303.44 Section 303...

12 CFR 303.44 - Public notice requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... relocate a main office, notice shall be published at least once each week on the same day for two consecutive weeks. The required publication shall be made in the following communities: (1) To establish a... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Public notice requirements. 303.44 Section 303...

12 CFR 563b.565 - What must the charitable organization include in its organizational documents?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... in its organizational documents? 563b.565 Section 563b.565 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT... organizational documents? The charitable organization's charter (or trust agreement) and gift instrument must... community; (b) As long as the charitable organization controls shares, it must vote those shares in the same...

12 CFR Appendix D to Part 202 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations D Appendix D... EQUAL CREDIT OPPORTUNITY ACT (REGULATION B) Pt. 202, App. D Appendix D to Part 202—Issuance of Staff Interpretations 1. Official Staff Interpretations. Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community...

12 CFR Appendix D to Part 202 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations D Appendix D... EQUAL CREDIT OPPORTUNITY ACT (REGULATION B) Pt. 202, App. D Appendix D to Part 202—Issuance of Staff Interpretations 1. Official Staff Interpretations. Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community...

12 CFR Appendix D to Part 202 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations D Appendix D... EQUAL CREDIT OPPORTUNITY ACT (REGULATION B) Pt. 202, App. D Appendix D to Part 202—Issuance of Staff Interpretations 1. Official Staff Interpretations. Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community...

12 CFR Appendix D to Part 202 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations D Appendix D... EQUAL CREDIT OPPORTUNITY ACT (REGULATION B) Pt. 202, App. D Appendix D to Part 202—Issuance of Staff Interpretations 1. Official Staff Interpretations. Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community...

12 CFR Appendix D to Part 202 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations D Appendix D... EQUAL CREDIT OPPORTUNITY ACT (REGULATION B) Pt. 202, App. D Appendix D to Part 202—Issuance of Staff Interpretations 1. Official Staff Interpretations. Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community...

A Rebirth of Courage: Service to the Community.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Townsend, Kathleen Kennedy

This speech promotes student involvement in community service activities. The notions of traditional American volunteerism and community spirit support the idea of students devoting their afterschool talents and energy to helpful endeavors such as tutoring, visiting nursing homes, planting trees, cleaning up ocean shores and river banks, clearing…

Evaluation of next generation sequencing for the analysis of Eimeria communities in wildlife.

PubMed

Vermeulen, Elke T; Lott, Matthew J; Eldridge, Mark D B; Power, Michelle L

2016-05-01

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques are well-established for studying bacterial communities but not yet for microbial eukaryotes. Parasite communities remain poorly studied, due in part to the lack of reliable and accessible molecular methods to analyse eukaryotic communities. We aimed to develop and evaluate a methodology to analyse communities of the protozoan parasite Eimeria from populations of the Australian marsupial Petrogale penicillata (brush-tailed rock-wallaby) using NGS. An oocyst purification method for small sample sizes and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol for the 18S rRNA locus targeting Eimeria was developed and optimised prior to sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform. A data analysis approach was developed by modifying methods from bacterial metagenomics and utilising existing Eimeria sequences in GenBank. Operational taxonomic unit (OTU) assignment at a high similarity threshold (97%) was more accurate at assigning Eimeria contigs into Eimeria OTUs but at a lower threshold (95%) there was greater resolution between OTU consensus sequences. The assessment of two amplification PCR methods prior to Illumina MiSeq, single and nested PCR, determined that single PCR was more sensitive to Eimeria as more Eimeria OTUs were detected in single amplicons. We have developed a simple and cost-effective approach to a data analysis pipeline for community analysis of eukaryotic organisms using Eimeria communities as a model. The pipeline provides a basis for evaluation using other eukaryotic organisms and potential for diverse community analysis studies. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Preliminary Assessment of Sponge Biodiversity on Saba Bank, Netherlands Antilles

PubMed Central

Thacker, Robert W.; Díaz, M. Cristina; de Voogd, Nicole J.; van Soest, Rob W. M.; Freeman, Christopher J.; Mobley, Andrew S.; LaPietra, Jessica; Cope, Kevin; McKenna, Sheila

2010-01-01

Background Saba Bank Atoll, Netherlands Antilles, is one of the three largest atolls on Earth and provides habitat for an extensive coral reef community. To improve our knowledge of this vast marine resource, a survey of biodiversity at Saba Bank included a multi-disciplinary team that sampled fishes, mollusks, crustaceans, macroalgae, and sponges. Methodology/Principal Findings A single member of the dive team conducted surveys of sponge biodiversity during eight dives at six locations, at depths ranging from 15 to 30 m. This preliminary assessment documented the presence of 45 species pooled across multiple locations. Rarefaction analysis estimated that only 48 to 84% of species diversity was sampled by this limited effort, clearly indicating a need for additional surveys. An analysis of historical collections from Saba and Saba Bank revealed an additional 36 species, yielding a total of 81 sponge species recorded from this area. Conclusions/Significance This observed species composition is similar to that found on widespread Caribbean reefs, indicating that the sponge fauna of Saba Bank is broadly representative of the Caribbean as a whole. A robust population of the giant barrel sponge, Xestospongia muta, appeared healthy with none of the signs of disease or bleaching reported from other Caribbean reefs; however, more recent reports of anchor chain damage to these sponges suggests that human activities can have dramatic impacts on these communities. Opportunities to protect this extremely large habitat should be pursued, as Saba Bank may serve as a significant reservoir of sponge species diversity. PMID:20502643

The design and conduct of a community-based registry and biorepository: a focus on cardiometabolic health in Latinos.

PubMed

Shaibi, Gabriel Q; Coletta, Dawn K; Vital, Veronica; Mandarino, Lawrence J

2013-12-01

Latinos are disproportionately impacted by obesity and type 2 diabetes but remain underrepresented in biomedical research. Therefore, the purpose of this project was to develop a research registry and biorepository to examine cardiometabolic disease risk in the Latino community of Phoenix, Arizona. The overarching goal was to establish the research infrastructure that would encourage transdisciplinary research regarding the biocultural mechanisms of obesity-related health disparities and facilitate access to this research for the Latino community. Prior to recruitment, key stakeholders from the local Latino community were engaged to develop a broad rapport within the community and seek advice regarding recruitment, enrollment, and follow-up. Self-identified community-dwelling Latinos underwent a comprehensive cardiometabolic health assessment that included anthropometrics, a fasting laboratory panel, and a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test with measures of insulin and glucose to estimate insulin action and secretion. Separate consent was requested for future contact and banking of serum, DNA, and RNA. Research collaborations were sought out based on the cultural and metabolic profile of participants, faculty research agendas, and the potential for generating hypotheses. A total of 667 participants (20.4% children, and 79.6% adults) were enrolled with 97% consenting to the registry and 94% to banking of samples. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 50% in children and 81% in adults. Nearly 20% of children and more than 45% of the adults exhibited some degree of hyperglycemia. To date, more than 15 research projects have been supported through this infrastructure and have included projects on the molecular biology of insulin resistance to the sociocultural determinants of health behaviors and outcomes. The high prevalence of obesity and cardiometabolic disease risk factors coupled with the overwhelming majority of participants consenting to be re-contacted, highlights the importance of supporting research infrastructure to generate hypotheses about obesity-related health in Latinos. Future studies that stem from the initial project will likely advance the limited understanding regarding the biocultural determinants of health disparities in the Latino community. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The NSW Brain Tissue Resource Centre: Banking for Alcohol and Major Neuropsychiatric Disorders Research

PubMed Central

Sutherland, G.T.; Sheedy, D.; Stevens, J.; McCrossin, T.; Smith, C.C.; van Roijen, M.; Kril, J.J.

2016-01-01

The New South Wales Brain Tissue Resource Centre (NSWBTRC) at the University of Sydney (Australia) is an established human brain bank providing tissue to the neuroscience research community for investigations on alcohol-related brain damage and major psychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia. The NSWBTRC relies on wide community engagement to encourage those with and without neuropsychiatric illness to consent to donation through its allied research programs. The subsequent provision of high-quality samples relies on standardized operational protocols, associated clinical data, quality control measures, integrated information systems, robust infrastructure, and governance. These processes are continually augmented to complement the changes in internal and external governance as well as the complexity and diversity of advanced investigation techniques. This report provides an overview of the dynamic process of brain banking and discusses the challenges of meeting the future needs of researchers, including synchronicity with other disease-focus collections. PMID:27139235

Global eHealth, Social Business and Citizen Engagement.

PubMed

Liaw, Siaw-Teng; Ashraf, Mahfuz; Ray, Pradeep

2017-01-01

The UNSW WHO Collaborating Centre (WHOCC) in eHealth was established in 2013. Its designated activities are: mHealth and evidence-based evaluation, including use case analyses. The UNSW Yunus Social Business Health Hub (YSBHH), established in 2015 to build on the Yunus Centre/Grameen Bank eHealth initiatives, added social business and community participation dimensions to the UNSW global eHealth program. The Grameen Bank is a social business built around microcredit, which are small loans to poor people to enable them to "produce something, sell something, earn something to develop self-reliance and a life of dignity". The vision revolves around global partnerships for development, Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The scope includes mHealth implementation and evaluation in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT), with a growing focus on social business and citizen engagement approaches. This paper summarises a critical case study of the UNSW WHOCC (eHealth) designated activities in collaboration with Bangladesh institutions (International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDRB) and Yunus Centre). Issues and challenges are highlighted.

[Characteristics of soil seed banks in logging gaps of forests at different succession stages in Changbai Mountains].

PubMed

Zhang, Zhi-Ting; Song, Xin-Zhang; Xiao, Wen-Fa; Gao, Bao-Jia; Guo, Zhong-Ling

2009-06-01

An investigation was made on the soil seed banks in the logging gaps of Populus davidiana--Betula platyphylla secondary forest, secondary broad-leaved forest, and broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest at their different succession stages in Changbai Mountains. Among the test forests, secondary broad-leaved forest had the highest individual density (652 ind x m(-2)) in its soil seed bank. With the succession of forest community, the diversity and uniformity of soil seed bank increased, but the dominance decreased. The seed density of climax species such as Pinus koraiensis, Abies nephrolepis, and Acer mono increased, whereas that of Maackia amurensis and Fraxinus mandshurica decreased. Moreover, the similarity in species composition between soil seed bank and the seedlings within logging gaps became higher. The individual density and similarity between soil seed bank and the seedlings in non-logging gaps were similar to those in logging gaps. All of these indicated that soil seed bank provided rich seed resources for forest recovery and succession, and the influence of soil seed bank on seedlings regeneration increased with the succession.

Using the Community Reinvestment Act To Help Finance Initiatives for Children, Families and Communities. Financing Strategy Brief.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gruenstein, Debbie

The Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) is designed to encourage banks and thrifts to meet the financial credit and service needs of low- and moderate-income neighborhoods, requiring that lenders use their private-sector resources to meet the financing needs of all communities in which lenders conduct business. This brief outlines several types of…

77 FR 50508 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Bank Holding...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-21

..., Cando, North Dakota; Timothy Dodd and Bradley Fey, both of Bismarck, North Dakota; Jeffrey Topp, Grace City, North Dakota; Janet Topp, Grace City, North Dakota; and Roger Kenner, Leeds, North Dakota; as a... (Jacqueline G. King, Community Affairs Officer) 90 Hennepin Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55480-0291: 1. MVC...

12 CFR 516.70 - Where must I publish the public notice?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Where must I publish the public notice? 516.70... PROCESSING PROCEDURES Publication Requirements § 516.70 Where must I publish the public notice? You must publish the notice in a newspaper having a general circulation in the communities indicated in the...

12 CFR Appendix C to Part 213 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations C Appendix C... CONSUMER LEASING (REGULATION M) Pt. 213, App. C Appendix C to Part 213—Issuance of Staff Interpretations Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community Affairs are authorized to issue official staff...

12 CFR Appendix C to Part 226 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations C Appendix C... RESERVE SYSTEM TRUTH IN LENDING (REGULATION Z) Pt. 226, App. C Appendix C to Part 226—Issuance of Staff Interpretations Official Staff Interpretations Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community Affairs...

12 CFR Appendix C to Part 226 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations C Appendix C... RESERVE SYSTEM TRUTH IN LENDING (REGULATION Z) Pt. 226, App. C Appendix C to Part 226—Issuance of Staff Interpretations Official Staff Interpretations Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community Affairs...

12 CFR Appendix C to Part 213 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations C Appendix C... CONSUMER LEASING (REGULATION M) Pt. 213, App. C Appendix C to Part 213—Issuance of Staff Interpretations Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community Affairs are authorized to issue official staff...

12 CFR Appendix C to Part 226 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations C Appendix C... RESERVE SYSTEM TRUTH IN LENDING (REGULATION Z) Pt. 226, App. C Appendix C to Part 226—Issuance of Staff Interpretations Official Staff Interpretations Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community Affairs...

12 CFR Appendix C to Part 213 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations C Appendix C... CONSUMER LEASING (REGULATION M) Pt. 213, App. C Appendix C to Part 213—Issuance of Staff Interpretations Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community Affairs are authorized to issue official staff...

12 CFR Appendix C to Part 213 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations C Appendix C... CONSUMER LEASING (REGULATION M) Pt. 213, App. C Appendix C to Part 213—Issuance of Staff Interpretations Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community Affairs are authorized to issue official staff...

12 CFR Appendix C to Part 213 - Issuance of Staff Interpretations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Issuance of Staff Interpretations C Appendix C... CONSUMER LEASING (REGULATION M) Pt. 213, App. C Appendix C to Part 213—Issuance of Staff Interpretations Officials in the Board's Division of Consumer and Community Affairs are authorized to issue official staff...

75 FR 17741 - FDIC Advisory Committee on Community Banking; Notice of Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-07

... accordance with the Federal Advisory Committee Act, notice is hereby given of a meeting of the FDIC Advisory... advice and recommendations on a broad range of policy issues that have a particular impact on community...

How community has shaped the Protein Data Bank.

PubMed

Berman, Helen M; Kleywegt, Gerard J; Nakamura, Haruki; Markley, John L

2013-09-03

Following several years of community discussion, the Protein Data Bank (PDB) was established in 1971 as a public repository for the coordinates of three-dimensional models of biological macromolecules. Since then, the number, size, and complexity of structural models have continued to grow, reflecting the productivity of structural biology. Managed by the Worldwide PDB organization, the PDB has been able to meet increasing demands for the quantity of structural information and of quality. In addition to providing unrestricted access to structural information, the PDB also works to promote data standards and to raise the profile of structural biology with broader audiences. In this perspective, we describe the history of PDB and the many ways in which the community continues to shape the archive. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

75 FR 81096 - Federal Home Loan Bank Housing Goals

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-27

...) 408-2537, or Rafe R. Ellison, Senior Program Analyst, (202) 408-2968, Office of Housing and Community... mortgage lending and related community investment. See 12 U.S.C. 1421 et seq. The System is composed of 12... management, liquidity for a member's short-term needs, and additional funds for housing finance and community...

Development of Self-Report Measures of Social Attitudes that Act as Environmental Barriers and Facilitators for People with Disabilities

PubMed Central

Garcia, Sofia F.; Hahn, Elizabeth A.; Magasi, Susan; Lai, Jin-Shei; Semik, Patrick; Hammel, Joy; Heinemann, Allen W.

2014-01-01

Objective To describe the development of new self-report measures of social attitudes that act as environmental facilitators or barriers to the participation of people with disabilities in society. Design A mixed methods approach included a literature review; item classification, selection and writing; cognitive interviews and field testing with participants with spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury (TBI) or stroke; and rating scale analysis to evaluate initial psychometric properties. Setting General community. Participants Nine individuals with SCI, TBI or stroke participated in cognitive interviews; 305 community residents with those same conditions participated in field testing. Interventions None. Main Outcome Measure(s) Self-report item pool of social attitudes that act as facilitators or barriers to people with disabilities participating in society. Results An interdisciplinary team of experts classified 710 existing social environment items into content areas and wrote 32 new items. Additional qualitative item review included item refinement and winnowing of the pool prior to cognitive interviews and field testing 82 items. Field test data indicated that the pool satisfies a one-parameter item response theory measurement model and would be appropriate for development into a calibrated item bank. Conclusions Our qualitative item review process supported a social environment conceptual framework that includes both social support and social attitudes. We developed a new social attitudes self-report item pool. Calibration testing of that pool is underway with a larger sample in order to develop a social attitudes item bank for persons with disabilities. PMID:25045803

Development of self-report measures of social attitudes that act as environmental barriers and facilitators for people with disabilities.

PubMed

Garcia, Sofia F; Hahn, Elizabeth A; Magasi, Susan; Lai, Jin-Shei; Semik, Patrick; Hammel, Joy; Heinemann, Allen W

2015-04-01

To describe the development of new self-report measures of social attitudes that act as environmental facilitators or barriers to the participation of people with disabilities in society. A mixed-methods approach included a literature review; item classification, selection, and writing; cognitive interviews and field testing of participants with spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury (TBI), or stroke; and rating scale analysis to evaluate initial psychometric properties. General community. Individuals with SCI, TBI, or stroke participated in cognitive interviews (n=9); community residents with those same conditions participated in field testing (n=305). None. Self-report item pool of social attitudes that act as facilitators or barriers to people with disabilities participating in society. An interdisciplinary team of experts classified 710 existing social environment items into content areas and wrote 32 new items. Additional qualitative item review included item refinement and winnowing of the pool prior to cognitive interviews and field testing of 82 items. Field test data indicated that the pool satisfies a 1-parameter item response theory measurement model and would be appropriate for development into a calibrated item bank. Our qualitative item review process supported a social environment conceptual framework that includes both social support and social attitudes. We developed a new social attitudes self-report item pool. Calibration testing of that pool is underway with a larger sample to develop a social attitudes item bank for persons with disabilities. Copyright © 2015 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Development of item bank to measure deliberate self-harm behaviours: facilitating tailored scales and computer adaptive testing for specific research and clinical purposes.

PubMed

Latimer, Shane; Meade, Tanya; Tennant, Alan

2014-07-30

The purpose of this study was to investigate the application of item banking to questionnaire items intended to measure Deliberate Self-Harm (DSH) behaviours. The Rasch measurement model was used to evaluate behavioural items extracted from seven published DSH scales administered to 568 Australians aged 18-30 years (62% university students, 21% mental health patients, and 17% community members). Ninety four items were calibrated in the item bank (including 12 items with differential item functioning for gender and age). Tailored scale construction was demonstrated by extracting scales covering different combinations of DSH methods but with the same raw score for each person location on the latent DSH construct. A simulated computer adaptive test (starting with common self-harm methods to minimise presentation of extreme behaviours) demonstrated that 11 items (on average) were needed to achieve a standard error of measurement of 0.387 (corresponding to a Cronbach׳s Alpha of 0.85). This study lays the groundwork for advancing DSH measurement to an item bank approach with the flexibility to measure a specific definitional orientation (e.g., non-suicidal self-injury) or a broad continuum of self-harmful acts, as appropriate to a particular research/clinical purpose. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

An Analysis of Fish Communities on Structured Habitat in the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico: Potential Impacts of "Rigs-to-Reefs" Programs and a Comparison with Natural Banks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wetz, J. J.; Ajemian, M. J.; Streich, M.; Stunz, G. W.

2016-02-01

Artificial habitat in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico is predominantly comprised of both active and reefed oil and gas platforms. In the last few decades, Texas alone has converted over 140 decommissioned oil and gas platforms into permitted artificial reefs. Despite the predominance of this habitat type, the associated fish communities remain poorly studied and few comparisons with natural habitat have been done. Using remotely operated vehicles in 2012 and 2013, we documented fish assemblages surrounding 15 artificial structures and several natural banks located on the Texas shelf. Artificial sites were variable in depth (30-84 m), number of structures, and vertical relief. Both structure type and relief influenced species richness and community structure at these sites. However, bottom depth was most influential with a shift in community composition and high diversity observed at approximately 60 m depth. In this same region, drowned coralgal reefs (the South Texas Banks) provide natural hard substrate with relief up to 20 m. Comparisons between these natural habitats and artificial reefs with similar depths and relief clearly demonstrate fish community differences, perhaps indicating differences in habitat function. To attain species-specific management goals, reefing programs should carefully consider the ambient environmental conditions (i.e., depth) and proximity of natural habitats, as these will most certainly affect the fish assemblage and characteristics of exploited fisheries species.

Space Transportation System Payloads Data and Analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Peterson, J. D.; Craft, H. G., Jr.

1975-01-01

The background, current developments and future plans for the Space Transportation System Payloads Data and Analysis (SPDA) activities at Marshall Space Flight Center are reviewed. It is shown how the payload data bank and future planned activities will interface with the payloads community and Space Transportation System designers. The interfaces with the STS data base include NASA planning, international planning, payload design, shuttle design, user agencies planning and information, and OMB, Congress and others.

Data standards, sense and stability: Scratchpads, the ICZN and ZooBank

PubMed Central

Baker, Edward; Michel, Ellinor

2011-01-01

Abstract The International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature has used the Scratchpads platform (currently being developed and maintained by ViBRANT) as the foundation for its redesigned website and as a platform for engaging with its users. The existing Scratchpad tools, with extensions to provide additional functions, have allowed for a major transformation in presentation of linked nomenclatural tools. Continued development of the new website will act as a springboard for the ICZN to participate more fully in the wider community of biodiversity informatics. PMID:22207812

Simulating Retail Banking for Banking Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Supramaniam, Mahadevan; Shanmugam, Bala

2009-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the implementation flow and development of retail bank management simulation based training system which could provide a comprehensive knowledge about the operations and management of banks for the banking students. The prototype of a Retail banking simulation based training system was developed based on…

Conservation and restoration of indigenous plants to improve community livelihoods: the Useful Plants Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ulian, Tiziana; Sacandé, Moctar; Mattana, Efisio

2014-05-01

Kew's Millennium Seed Bank partnership (MSBP) is one of the largest ex situ plant conservation initiatives, which is focused on saving plants in and from regions most at risk, particularly in drylands. Seeds are collected and stored in seed banks in the country of origin and duplicated in the Millennium Seed Bank in the UK. The MSBP also strengthens the capacity of local communities to successfully conserve and sustainably use indigenous plants, which are important for their wellbeing. Since 2007, high quality seed collections and research information have been gathered on ca. 700 useful indigenous plant species that were selected by communities in Botswana, Kenya, Mali, Mexico and South Africa through Project MGU - The Useful Plants Project. These communities range from various farmer's groups and organisations to traditional healers, organic cotton/crop producers and primary schools. The information on seed conservation and plant propagation was used to train communities and to propagate ca. 200 species that were then planted in local gardens, and as species reintroduced for reforestation programmes and enriching village forests. Experimental plots have also been established to further investigate the field performance (plant survival and growth rate) of indigenous species, using low cost procedures. In addition, the activities support revenue generation for local communities directly through the sustainable use of plant products or indirectly through wider environmental and cultural services. This project has confirmed the potential of biodiversity conservation to improve food security and human health, enhance community livelihoods and strengthen the resilience of land and people to the changing climate. This approach of using indigenous species and having local communities play a central role from the selection of species to their planting and establishment, supported by complementary research, may represent a model for other regions of the world, where similarly biodiversity conservation and restoration should be integrated with improved human wellbeing. Keywords: Useful plants, Local communities, Seeds, Propagation, Vegetation reestablishment, Drylands.

Development and initial evaluation of the SCI-FI/AT

PubMed Central

Jette, Alan M.; Slavin, Mary D.; Ni, Pengsheng; Kisala, Pamela A.; Tulsky, David S.; Heinemann, Allen W.; Charlifue, Susie; Tate, Denise G.; Fyffe, Denise; Morse, Leslie; Marino, Ralph; Smith, Ian; Williams, Steve

2015-01-01

Objectives To describe the domain structure and calibration of the Spinal Cord Injury Functional Index for samples using Assistive Technology (SCI-FI/AT) and report the initial psychometric properties of each domain. Design Cross sectional survey followed by computerized adaptive test (CAT) simulations. Setting Inpatient and community settings. Participants A sample of 460 adults with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) stratified by level of injury, completeness of injury, and time since injury. Interventions None Main outcome measure SCI-FI/AT Results Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Item response theory (IRT) analyses identified 4 unidimensional SCI-FI/AT domains: Basic Mobility (41 items) Self-care (71 items), Fine Motor Function (35 items), and Ambulation (29 items). High correlations of full item banks with 10-item simulated CATs indicated high accuracy of each CAT in estimating a person's function, and there was high measurement reliability for the simulated CAT scales compared with the full item bank. SCI-FI/AT item difficulties in the domains of Self-care, Fine Motor Function, and Ambulation were less difficult than the same items in the original SCI-FI item banks. Conclusion With the development of the SCI-FI/AT, clinicians and investigators have available multidimensional assessment scales that evaluate function for users of AT to complement the scales available in the original SCI-FI. PMID:26010975

Development and initial evaluation of the SCI-FI/AT.

PubMed

Jette, Alan M; Slavin, Mary D; Ni, Pengsheng; Kisala, Pamela A; Tulsky, David S; Heinemann, Allen W; Charlifue, Susie; Tate, Denise G; Fyffe, Denise; Morse, Leslie; Marino, Ralph; Smith, Ian; Williams, Steve

2015-05-01

To describe the domain structure and calibration of the Spinal Cord Injury Functional Index for samples using Assistive Technology (SCI-FI/AT) and report the initial psychometric properties of each domain. Cross sectional survey followed by computerized adaptive test (CAT) simulations. Inpatient and community settings. A sample of 460 adults with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) stratified by level of injury, completeness of injury, and time since injury. None SCI-FI/AT RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Item response theory (IRT) analyses identified 4 unidimensional SCI-FI/AT domains: Basic Mobility (41 items) Self-care (71 items), Fine Motor Function (35 items), and Ambulation (29 items). High correlations of full item banks with 10-item simulated CATs indicated high accuracy of each CAT in estimating a person's function, and there was high measurement reliability for the simulated CAT scales compared with the full item bank. SCI-FI/AT item difficulties in the domains of Self-care, Fine Motor Function, and Ambulation were less difficult than the same items in the original SCI-FI item banks. With the development of the SCI-FI/AT, clinicians and investigators have available multidimensional assessment scales that evaluate function for users of AT to complement the scales available in the original SCI-FI.

Cities in the developing world: agenda for action following Habitat II.

PubMed

Annez, P; Friendly, A

1996-12-01

This article discusses the issue of priorities in development in urban centers of developing countries. Urbanization is advancing rapidly in the developing world. There are needs for adequate infrastructure, environmental protection, and fiscal reform. Development can result in a reduction in poverty, if properly conducted. By the turn of the century, 8 of the world's 10 megacities will be located in developing countries. There are already the megacities of Mexico City, Sao Paulo, Bombay, Calcutta, and Shanghai. By 2015 there will be 27 megacities, and urban population in developing countries will amount to over 4 billion. By 2020, 50% of total population in developing countries and 80% of total population in Latin America will be urban, of which 25% will live in poverty. Economic progress is at risk if cities cannot develop effective roads and transportation systems, public transportation, communications, sanitation services, and adequate shelters. The City Summit was held in June 1996 in Istanbul. The World Bank announced priorities for funding of urban health initiatives for reducing lead and particulate emissions, for providing sanitation and clean water to slum areas, and for securing sustainable, business-like city finances. The World Bank, the City Summit's Global Plan of Action, and Parliamentarians for Global Action support the reduction of lead emissions from gasoline and air. Cost-effective approaches include refitting public transportation vehicles with cleaner-burning engines or engines relying on natural gas, reducing emissions from industrial and power plants, and shifting domestic fuel sources from coal to natural gas. The World Bank in Slovenia and Beijing is financially supporting this household conversion. Reductions in soot and dust levels reduce public health costs, lost work time due to illness, and mortality. The cost to the poor for basic services is too high. Decentralization, community involvement, and cost sharing are viable options.

The knowns and unknowns of human milk banking.

PubMed

Simmer, Karen; Hartmann, Ben

2009-11-01

The PREM Bank has been providing pasteurised donor human milk (PDHM) to very preterm for the past 3 years. It is the first human milk bank (HMB) to operate in Australia in over 20 years. Our community has rapidly embraced the concept of human milk banking, with both donations and demand for PDHM exceeding expectations. Providing PDHM in 'exceptional circumstances' where a mothers' own milk is unavailable is supported by the WHO and UNICEF. We submit that neonatal intensive care is an exceptional circumstance. Although evidence supporting PDHM use from randomised control trial (RCT) is limited, the latest systematic reviews suggest a lower risk of necrotising enterocolitis with PDHM as opposed to artificial formula. Study design and ethical issues may limit future evidence from RCT. We therefore support the ongoing use of PDHM in neonatal care, where provided by an appropriately managed HMB. Internationally many HMBs operate unregulated, and this is also the case in Australia. To ensure safety the PREM Bank has committed to meet the appropriate standards recommended in the Code of Good Manufacturing Practices (Blood and Tissues) in Australia and models risk management during processing on Codex HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) requirements. There is scope to continually re-evaluate the screening of donors and quality standards recommended during HMB. This will be most effective if strong networks of HMBs are developed with regional reference laboratories to encourage compliance with safety guidelines. HMB networks will facilitate collection of evidence for refining HMB practice and improving outcomes for preterm and sick infants.

78 FR 17766 - Interagency Guidance on Leveraged Lending

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-22

..., Board, and FDIC that engage in leveraged lending activities. The number of community banks with substantial involvement in leveraged lending is small; therefore, the agencies generally expect community... potential impact of stressful events and circumstances on borrowers' financial condition. Recent financial...

75 FR 9390 - Availability of Seats for the Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuary Advisory Council

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-02

...The ONMS is seeking applications for the following vacant seats on the Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuary Advisory Council: Fishing, Primary and Alternate seats; Maritime Activities, Primary and Alternate seats; Community-at-Large Sonoma County, Primary and Alternate seats. Applicants are chosen based upon their particular expertise and experience in relation to the seat for which they are applying; community and professional affiliations; philosophy regarding the protection and management of marine resources; and possibly the length of residence in the area affected by the sanctuary. Applicants who are chosen as members should expect to serve three-year terms, pursuant to the council's Charter.

76 FR 12069 - Availability of Seats for the Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuary Advisory Council

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-04

...The ONMS is seeking applications for the following vacant seats on the Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuary Advisory Council: Fishing, Primary and Alternate seats; Research, Primary and Alternate seats; Community-at-Large Mann County, Primary and Alternate seats. Applicants are chosen based upon their particular expertise and experience in relation to the seat for which they are applying; community and professional affiliations; philosophy regarding the protection and management of marine resources; and possibly the length of residence in the area affected by the sanctuary. Applicants who are chosen as members should expect to serve three-year terms, pursuant to the council's Charter.

Do Community Characteristics Relate to Young Adult College Students' Credit Card Debt? The Hypothesized Role of Collective Institutional Efficacy.

PubMed

Friedline, Terri; West, Stacia; Rosell, Nehemiah; Serido, Joyce; Shim, Soyeon

2017-03-01

This study examines the extent of emergent, outstanding credit card debt among young adult college students and investigates whether any associations existed between this credit card debt and the characteristics of the communities in which these students grew up or lived. Using data (N = 748) from a longitudinal survey and merging community characteristics measured at the zip code level, we confirmed that a community's unemployment rate, average total debt, average credit score, and number of bank branch offices were associated with a young adult college student's acquisition and accumulation of credit card debt. For example, a community's higher unemployment rate and lower number of bank branches were associated with a young adult college student's greater accumulated debt. Community characteristics had the strongest associations with credit card debt, especially after controlling for individual characteristics (i.e., a young adult college student's race and financial independence) and familial characteristics (i.e., their parents' income and parents' discussions of financial matters while growing up at home). The findings may help to understand the unique roles that communities play in shaping children and young adults' financial capability, and how communities can be better capacitated to support the financial goals of their residents. © Society for Community Research and Action 2017.

The Protein Data Bank archive as an open data resource

DOE PAGES

Berman, Helen M.; Kleywegt, Gerard J.; Nakamura, Haruki; ...

2014-07-26

The Protein Data Bank archive was established in 1971, and recently celebrated its 40th anniversary (Berman et al. in Structure 20:391, 2012). Here, an analysis of interrelationships of the science, technology and community leads to further insights into how this resource evolved into one of the oldest and most widely used open-access data resources in biology.

The Protein Data Bank archive as an open data resource.

PubMed

Berman, Helen M; Kleywegt, Gerard J; Nakamura, Haruki; Markley, John L

2014-10-01

The Protein Data Bank archive was established in 1971, and recently celebrated its 40th anniversary (Berman et al. in Structure 20:391, 2012). An analysis of interrelationships of the science, technology and community leads to further insights into how this resource evolved into one of the oldest and most widely used open-access data resources in biology.

The Protein Data Bank archive as an open data resource

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Berman, Helen M.; Kleywegt, Gerard J.; Nakamura, Haruki

The Protein Data Bank archive was established in 1971, and recently celebrated its 40th anniversary (Berman et al. in Structure 20:391, 2012). Here, an analysis of interrelationships of the science, technology and community leads to further insights into how this resource evolved into one of the oldest and most widely used open-access data resources in biology.

Rapid establishment of the European Bank for induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (EBiSC) - the Hot Start experience.

PubMed

De Sousa, Paul A; Steeg, Rachel; Wachter, Elisabeth; Bruce, Kevin; King, Jason; Hoeve, Marieke; Khadun, Shalinee; McConnachie, George; Holder, Julie; Kurtz, Andreas; Seltmann, Stefanie; Dewender, Johannes; Reimann, Sascha; Stacey, Glyn; O'Shea, Orla; Chapman, Charlotte; Healy, Lyn; Zimmermann, Heiko; Bolton, Bryan; Rawat, Trisha; Atkin, Isobel; Veiga, Anna; Kuebler, Bernd; Serano, Blanca Miranda; Saric, Tomo; Hescheler, Jürgen; Brüstle, Oliver; Peitz, Michael; Thiele, Cornelia; Geijsen, Niels; Holst, Bjørn; Clausen, Christian; Lako, Majlinda; Armstrong, Lyle; Gupta, Shailesh K; Kvist, Alexander J; Hicks, Ryan; Jonebring, Anna; Brolén, Gabriella; Ebneth, Andreas; Cabrera-Socorro, Alfredo; Foerch, Patrik; Geraerts, Martine; Stummann, Tina C; Harmon, Shawn; George, Carol; Streeter, Ian; Clarke, Laura; Parkinson, Helen; Harrison, Peter W; Faulconbridge, Adam; Cherubin, Luca; Burdett, Tony; Trigueros, Cesar; Patel, Minal J; Lucas, Christa; Hardy, Barry; Predan, Rok; Dokler, Joh; Brajnik, Maja; Keminer, Oliver; Pless, Ole; Gribbon, Philip; Claussen, Carsten; Ringwald, Annette; Kreisel, Beate; Courtney, Aidan; Allsopp, Timothy E

2017-04-01

A fast track "Hot Start" process was implemented to launch the European Bank for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (EBiSC) to provide early release of a range of established control and disease linked human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines. Established practice amongst consortium members was surveyed to arrive at harmonised and publically accessible Standard Operations Procedures (SOPs) for tissue procurement, bio-sample tracking, iPSC expansion, cryopreservation, qualification and distribution to the research community. These were implemented to create a quality managed foundational collection of lines and associated data made available for distribution. Here we report on the successful outcome of this experience and work flow for banking and facilitating access to an otherwise disparate European resource, with lessons to benefit the international research community. ETOC: The report focuses on the EBiSC experience of rapidly establishing an operational capacity to procure, bank and distribute a foundational collection of established hiPSC lines. It validates the feasibility and defines the challenges of harnessing and integrating the capability and productivity of centres across Europe using commonly available resources currently in the field. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Health: an essential component of long-term economic and social development.

PubMed

Drobny, A

1977-01-01

Isolated growth of the economy in a developing country, without due consideration of social aspects, does not necessarily increase the welfare of all its population. In such cases, there will always be a large group with poor education and negligible health care. Health services in these countries should not try to duplicate those of the technologically developed nations and should be more health-oriented than disease-oriented. This entails wider utilization of auxiliary and paramedical personnel and, above all, community involvement. At the same time, the teaching of medicine should be based on the needs of the country rather than try to emulate developed countries' programmes, which can only result in dissatisfaction among physicians and/or in emigration. The Inter-American Development Bank considers that health is a component of long-term economic development; it is therefore fostering and participating in the expansion of rural health services with strong emphasis placed on community participation. In this process health education, both of the public and of local and national authorities, is paramount. Of particular importance is the interaction of health officials and the community itself in order to enlist the rural dweller in spontaneous and active participation that will ensure the success of health programmes.

Court upholds $405,000 award against blood banking industry.

PubMed

1995-06-30

The New Jersey Superior Court has ruled that the American Association of Blood Banks (AABB), the nation's largest blood bank trade group, was negligent during the early 1980s when it recommended that blood banks not screen and test donors to reduce the chance of HIV contamination of the nation's blood supply. [Name removed], who received HIV-contaminated blood in 1984 as a result of a transfusion at St. Joseph's Hospital in Paterson, sued and reached out-of-court settlements with his doctors and the Bergen Community Blood Center, which provided the blood. Only the AABB suit proceeded to trial, with the jury finding that one-third of the damages were attributable to the AABB's actions. In 1983, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggested that blood banks might reduce the risk of AIDS entering the blood supply by using the surrogate hepatitis B test. The AABB, the American Red Cross, and the Council of Community Blood Centers recommended against testing, saying that evidence of transmission by blood was inconclusive and unproven. In March 1985, the AABB adopted the ELISA test. This is the first time the AABB has been held responsible; the AABB said it may appeal the decision. The court disagreed with AABB's claim that it was immune from liability because it was a charity, saying it also performs a critical governance function in respect of the operation of blood banks. The decision puts considerable liability for the U.S. cases of HIV contracted through tainted blood transfusions on the AABB.

Cheatgrass facilitates spillover of a seed bank pathogen onto native grass species

Treesearch

Julie Beckstead; Susan E. Meyer; Brian M. Connolly; Michael B. Huck; Laura E. Street

2010-01-01

Attack by pathogens can have ecological consequences for plants at many scales, such as the individual, population and community scale, although the latter is the least studied. Community-level consequences of disease in natural plant communities can drive facilitation in succession (Van der Putten, Van Dijk & Peters 1993), maintain species diversity in...

Hard Lessons: Primary Schools, Community, and Social Capital in Nigeria. World Bank Technical Paper No. 420. Africa Region Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Francis, Paul A.

This study, based on data from a 1997 survey of 54 Nigerian primary schools and their client communities, was commissioned in order to assist the National Primary Education Commission (NPEC) in improving primary education services. Stakeholders consulted included parents, pupils, teachers and head teachers, community leaders, educational…

"Empowering" the "Local" through Education? Exploring Community-Managed Schooling in Nepal

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carney, Stephen; Bista, Min; Agergaard, Jytte

2007-01-01

This article attempts to unpack the policy vision and discourse driving community management of schooling in Nepal and to consider the ways in which these policies are being experienced by bureaucrats, teachers, parents and children. The focus is on the World Bank funded Community School Support Project (CSSP) launched by the Government of Nepal…

78 FR 41192 - Publication of General License Related to the Zimbabwe Sanctions Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-09

... Development Bank of Zimbabwe and Infrastructure Development Bank of Zimbabwe, subject to certain limitations... Infrastructure Development Bank of Zimbabwe, subject to certain limitations. At the time of its issuance on April... and Infrastructure Development Bank of Zimbabwe (a) Effective April 24, 2013, all transactions...

Community Resources for International Trade Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blanco, Virgil H.; Channing, Rose M.

1985-01-01

Describes Middlesex Community College's involvement in education and training programs aimed at encouraging local business involvement in international trade and the activities of its National Resource for International Trade Education (e.g., information dissemination; consulting services; seminars and workshops; a speakers bank; research; staff…

Mukhabarah as Sharia Financing Model in Beef Cattle Farm Entrepise

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Asnawi, A.; Amrawaty, A. A.; Nirwana

2018-02-01

Financing constraints on beef cattle farm nowadays have received attention by the government through distributed various assistance programs and program loans through implementing banks. The existing financing schemes are all still conventional yet sharia-based. The purpose of this research is to formulate financing pattern for sharia beef cattle farm. A qualitative and descriptive approach is used to formulate the pattern by considering the profit-sharing practices of the beef cattle farmers. The results of this study have formulated a financing pattern that integrates government, implementing banks, beef cattle farmers group and cooperative as well as breeders as its members. This pattern of financing is very accommodating of local culture that develops in rural communities. It is expected to be an input, especially in formulating a business financing policy Sharia-based beef cattle breeding.

Educational Development in Thailand: The Role of World Bank Lending. A World Bank Operations Evaluation Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

World Bank, Washington, DC.

The World Bank's Operation Evaluation Department (OED) evaluates educational development in Thailand and assesses the cumulative impact of the Bank's projects on development in that country. From 1966 to date, the Bank supported six education projects with an estimated cost of a half billion dollars. The report covers: (1) economic and educational…

78 FR 22260 - Sub-Saharan Africa Advisory Committee of the Export-Import Bank of the United States (Ex-Im Bank...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-15

... development and implementation of policies and programs designed to support the expansion of the Bank's... developments in Sub-Saharan Africa markets by Ex-Im Bank staff; an update on the Bank's on-going business development initiatives in the region; and Committee discussion of current challenges and opportunities for U...

Re-imagining occupational therapy clients as communities: Presenting the community-centred practice framework.

PubMed

Hyett, Nerida; Kenny, Amanda; Dickson-Swift, Virginia

2018-01-09

Occupational therapists' are increasingly working with communities and providing services at the community level. There is, however, a lack of conceptual frameworks to guide this work. The aim of this article is to present a new conceptual framework for community-centered practice in occupational therapy. The conceptual framework was developed from qualitative multi-case research on exemplars of community participation. The first was, a network of Canadian food security programs, and the second, a rural Australian community banking initiative. Key themes were identified from across the case studies, and cross-case findings interpreted using occupational therapy and occupational science knowledge, and relevant social theory. The outcome is a four-stage, occupation-focused, community-centered practice framework. The Community-Centred Practice Framework can be used by occupational therapists to understand and apply a community-centered practice approach. The four stages are: (1) Community Identity, (2) Community Occupations, (3) Community Resources and Barriers, and (4) Participation Enablement. Further research is needed to trial and critically evaluate the framework, to assess its usefulness as a robust, occupation-focused, frame of reference to guide community-centered practice in occupational therapy. The proposed framework should assist occupational therapists to conceptualize community-centered practice, and to utilize and apply theory.

Warming increases plant biomass and reduces diversity across continents, latitudes, and species migration scenarios in experimental wetland communities.

PubMed

Baldwin, Andrew H; Jensen, Kai; Schönfeldt, Marisa

2014-03-01

Atmospheric warming may influence plant productivity and diversity and induce poleward migration of species, altering communities across latitudes. Complicating the picture is that communities from different continents deviate in evolutionary histories, which may modify responses to warming and migration. We used experimental wetland plant communities grown from seed banks as model systems to determine whether effects of warming on biomass production and species richness are consistent across continents, latitudes, and migration scenarios. We collected soil samples from each of three tidal freshwater marshes in estuaries at three latitudes (north, middle, south) on the Atlantic coasts of Europe and North America. In one experiment, we exposed soil seed bank communities from each latitude and continent to ambient and elevated (+2.8 °C) temperatures in the greenhouse. In a second experiment, soil samples were mixed either within each estuary (limited migration) or among estuaries from different latitudes in each continent (complete migration). Seed bank communities of these migration scenarios were also exposed to ambient and elevated temperatures and contrasted with a no-migration treatment. In the first experiment, warming overall increased biomass (+16%) and decreased species richness (-14%) across latitudes in Europe and North America. Species richness and evenness of south-latitude communities were less affected by warming than those of middle and north latitudes. In the second experiment, warming also stimulated biomass and lowered species richness. In addition, complete migration led to increased species richness (+60% in North America, + 100% in Europe), but this higher diversity did not translate into increased biomass. Species responded idiosyncratically to warming, but Lythrum salicaria and Bidens sp. increased significantly in response to warming in both continents. These results reveal for the first time consistent impacts of warming on biomass and species richness for temperate wetland plant communities across continents, latitudes, and migration scenarios. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Distinct zooplankton regime shift patterns across ecoregions of the U.S. Northeast continental shelf Large Marine Ecosystem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Morse, R. E.; Friedland, K. D.; Tommasi, D.; Stock, C.; Nye, J.

2017-01-01

We investigated regime shifts in seasonal zooplankton communities of the Northeast continental shelf Large Marine Ecosystem (NES) and its subcomponent ecoregions over a multi-decadal period (1977-2013). Our cross ecoregion analysis shows that regime shifts in different ecoregions often exhibited very distinct characteristics, emphasizing more granular fluctuations in NES plankton communities relative to previous work. Shifts early in the time series generally reflected an increase in abundance levels. The response of zooplankton abundance within fall communities was more similar among ecoregions than for spring communities. The Gulf of Maine exhibited highly distinct patterns from other ecoregions, with regime shifts identified in the early 1980s, early 2000s, and mid-2000s for spring communities. Regime shifts were identified in the early to mid-1990s for the NES, Georges Bank, and the Mid-Atlantic Bight ecoregions, while the fall communities experienced shifts in the early 1990s and late 1980s for the NES and Georges Bank, but in the late 1990s in the Mid-Atlantic Bight. A constrained correspondence analysis of zooplankton community against local and basin-scale climatological indices suggests that water temperature, stratification, and the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) were the predominant factors in driving the zooplankton community composition.

Draft framework for watershed-based trading

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1996-05-30

Effluent trading is an innovative way for water quality agencies and community stakeholders to develop common-sense, cost-effective solutions for water quality problems in their watersheds. Trading can allow communities to grow and prosper while retaining their commitment to water quality. The bulk of this framework discusses effluent trading in watersheds. Remaining sections discuss transactions that, while not technically fulfilling the definition of `effluent` trade, do involve the exchange of valued water quality or other ecological improvements between partners responding to market initiatives. This document therefore includes activities such as trades within a facility (intra-plant trading) and wetland mitigation banking, effluentmore » trading/watersheds/watershed management/water quality protection/water quality management.« less

Skin bank development and critical incident response.

PubMed

Hamilton, Kellie T; Herson, Marisa R

2011-05-01

The Donor Tissue Bank of Victoria (DTBV), situated in Melbourne, Australia developed a skin banking program in 1994. It remains Australia's only operational skin bank, processing cryopreserved human cadaveric skin for the treatment of burns. The demand for allograft skin in Australia has steadily increased since the development of the program. The bank has been involved in the provision of skin for a number of critical incidences or disasters both in Australia and overseas. Demand always exceeds supply, and in the absence of other local skin banks, the DTBV has needed to develop strategies to enable increased provision of allograft skin nationally.

Key principles of community-based natural resource management: a synthesis and interpretation of identified effective approaches for managing the commons.

PubMed

Gruber, James S

2010-01-01

This article examines recent research on approaches to community-based environmental and natural resource management and reviews the commonalities and differences between these interdisciplinary and multistakeholder initiatives. To identify the most effective characteristics of Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM), I collected a multiplicity of perspectives from research teams and then grouped findings into a matrix of organizational principles and key characteristics. The matrix was initially vetted (or "field tested") by applying numerous case studies that were previously submitted to the World Bank International Workshop on CBNRM. These practitioner case studies were then compared and contrasted with the findings of the research teams. It is hoped that the developed matrix may be useful to researchers in further focusing research, understanding core characteristics of effective and sustainable CBNRM, providing practitioners with a framework for developing new CBNRM initiatives for managing the commons, and providing a potential resource for academic institutions during their evaluation of their practitioner-focused environmental management and leadership curriculum.

Consumers with an intellectual disability and carers: perceptions of interactions with banks.

PubMed

Hayes, Susan C; Martin, Fiona B

2007-03-01

As more people with an intellectual disability reside independently in the community, there is both the need and the opportunity for them to use financial services, including banks and credit unions, and products such as cash machine cards, credit cards and loans. There is a dearth of information about interactions between consumers with intellectual disabilities and their carers, and financial service providers. This study investigated the perceptions of 94 consumers with an intellectual disability and 53 carers regarding interactions with financial service providers. Consumers and carers mentioned a number of problems with banks, and reported a low rate of successful resolution of these difficulties. Carers mentioned more problems than consumers, and more frequently reported intangible problems such as discrimination. The 'digital divide' was evident, with few consumers having access to Internet or telephone banking. People with intellectual disabilities need education programmes about electronic banking, their rights as consumers and their access to problem resolution strategies.

Understanding the external pressure and behavior of commercial banks' environmental risk management: an empirical study undertaken in the Yangtze River delta of China.

PubMed

Liu, Yong; Lin, Zhongguo

2014-04-01

The present study employed a quantitative survey to ascertain whether the external pressure of environmental risk management (ERM) on commercial banks was a contributing factor to their ERM behavior. Data was obtained using questionnaires from 204 branches of commercial banks located in the Yangtze River Delta of China. The relationship between external pressure and behavior was tested using a linear structural relations model through path analysis. The results revealed that external pressure of ERM was significantly and positively related to the behavior and that pressure from governmental regulations was the most important contributing factor in the passive feedback behavior and preventive behavior of commercial banks. The pressure from markets was the most important contributing factor in banks' active participation behavior; the pressure from community and NGOs was the most important contributing factor in their enthusiastic behavior.

The Accounting Network: How Financial Institutions React to Systemic Crisis.

PubMed

Puliga, Michelangelo; Flori, Andrea; Pappalardo, Giuseppe; Chessa, Alessandro; Pammolli, Fabio

2016-01-01

The role of Network Theory in the study of the financial crisis has been widely spotted in the latest years. It has been shown how the network topology and the dynamics running on top of it can trigger the outbreak of large systemic crisis. Following this methodological perspective we introduce here the Accounting Network, i.e. the network we can extract through vector similarities techniques from companies' financial statements. We build the Accounting Network on a large database of worldwide banks in the period 2001-2013, covering the onset of the global financial crisis of mid-2007. After a careful data cleaning, we apply a quality check in the construction of the network, introducing a parameter (the Quality Ratio) capable of trading off the size of the sample (coverage) and the representativeness of the financial statements (accuracy). We compute several basic network statistics and check, with the Louvain community detection algorithm, for emerging communities of banks. Remarkably enough sensible regional aggregations show up with the Japanese and the US clusters dominating the community structure, although the presence of a geographically mixed community points to a gradual convergence of banks into similar supranational practices. Finally, a Principal Component Analysis procedure reveals the main economic components that influence communities' heterogeneity. Even using the most basic vector similarity hypotheses on the composition of the financial statements, the signature of the financial crisis clearly arises across the years around 2008. We finally discuss how the Accounting Networks can be improved to reflect the best practices in the financial statement analysis.

Financing to meet community needs: a guide for small hospitals.

PubMed

Wilson, Bill

2009-03-01

To succeed in the current financial markets, small hospitals need flexible project and financing plans. Many small local banks today can offer small hospitals financing solutions on par with what was previously offered only by the country's strongest investment-grade rated banks. Federal assistance through programs such as HUD's Section 242 mortgage insurance program is also a viable option for small hospitals.

Design of a Hydrogen Community for Santa Monica

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

transportation of hydrogen fuel have been discussed. Cascade simulations were conducted for different compressor capacities and storage bank configurations...been discussed. Cascade simulations were conducted for different compressor capacities and storage bank configurations. Hydrogen dispensing using...tanks (Storage capacity of 198 kg of H2 at 350 and 700 bar), four compressors which assist in dispensing 400 kg of hydrogen in 14 hours, two hydrogen

Internet Banking Adoption: Case of Lithuania and Latvia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gaile-Sarkane, Elina; Jureviciene, Diva; Skvarciany, Viktorija; Iljins, Juris

2017-01-01

The banking sector has developed and extended usage of different services at a distance using the internet in the last decade. Internet-based banking services dominate over other historically provided alternatives. This paper explores the adoption of internet banking in Lithuania and Latvia. Internet banking success model was developed based on…

The NSW brain tissue resource centre: Banking for alcohol and major neuropsychiatric disorders research.

PubMed

Sutherland, G T; Sheedy, D; Stevens, J; McCrossin, T; Smith, C C; van Roijen, M; Kril, J J

2016-05-01

The New South Wales Brain Tissue Resource Centre (NSWBTRC) at the University of Sydney (Australia) is an established human brain bank providing tissue to the neuroscience research community for investigations on alcohol-related brain damage and major psychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia. The NSWBTRC relies on wide community engagement to encourage those with and without neuropsychiatric illness to consent to donation through its allied research programs. The subsequent provision of high-quality samples relies on standardized operational protocols, associated clinical data, quality control measures, integrated information systems, robust infrastructure, and governance. These processes are continually augmented to complement the changes in internal and external governance as well as the complexity and diversity of advanced investigation techniques. This report provides an overview of the dynamic process of brain banking and discusses the challenges of meeting the future needs of researchers, including synchronicity with other disease-focus collections. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[Seasonal dynamics and vertical distribution pattern of bud bank in different erosion environments on hilly-gully Loess Plateau of Northwest China].

PubMed

Du, Hua-Dong; Jiao, Ju-Ying; Kou, Meng; Wang, Ning

2013-05-01

This paper studied the vegetation composition, bud composition, and the seasonal dynamics and vertical distribution pattern of bud bank in five erosion environments (sunny gully slope, sunny hilly slope, hilltop, shady hilly slope, and shady gully slope) on the hilly-gully Loess Plateau of North Shaanxi. In the study area, the perennial species with perennial bud bank accounted for 80.3% of the total species, while the annual species with seasonal bud bank took up 19.7% of the total. In vegetation turning-green season, there was a relatively large perennial bud bank stock on the sunny hilly-gully slope where serious erosion occurred, while seasonal bud bank showed a higher bud bank density in blossom and fruit-setting season on the hilltop and two shady slopes where soil erosion intensity was relatively gentle. The proportion of underground bud bank to total perennial bud bank in different erosion environments was relatively stable. On the land surface, the perennial bud bank stock was larger on the sunny slope where the soil disturbance often occurred, whereas the seasonal bud bank stock was larger on the shady slope and hilltop. Due to the different species composition of plant communities in different erosion environments, in addition to the disturbance of soil erosion and the seasonal plant regeneration, the seasonal dynamics and vertical distribution pattern of bud bank changed. It was suggested that bud bank played an important role in the vegetation regeneration after the disturbance of soil erosion on the hilly-gully Loess Plateau of North Shaanxi.

Economics and health: beyond financing.

PubMed

Horwitz, A

1988-01-01

World Bank publications have a large influence on the decisions of governments. This article analyzes the publication "Financing Health Services in Developing Countries: An Agenda for Reform" part of the World Bank Policy Studies series. This study assesses only peripheral reasons for the lack of public and private financial investments in health services. It does not include the result of economic recession, budget cutbacks, and poverty on financing systems. There has been excessive expenditure on luxury in health institutions which takes considerable finances from disease prevention and health promotion services. There is low demand for private services because of the high cost, but public health services sometimes lack tools and money necessary for adequate care. The study does not address the relationship between needs and demand and the supply of health services. It outlines "4 Policy Reforms" in which the aims are to increase to cost of curative services and to use the additional money for prevention. The World Bank favors using private sector services but does not seem to view decentralization of health care as important. Social security systems have been in place in Latin America for 63 years. These systems are funded by wage earners and do not cover lower income rural citizens. Chile was the 1st country to adopt compulsory insurance in 1924 for catastrophes and diseases. The Chilean National Health Service combines institutional and community resources to provide quality health care. Social insurance and other prepayment systems are the rational approaches for financing health care in the Americas. These systems should be based on contributions by the State, employers, and urban and rural workers. There is a need for fund redistribution from institutional curative care to community preventative care. Health care costs should reflect income proportionally. The World Bank contributes vital analysis to the problem of health service financing. Hopefully American governments will recognize the need for health care reform.

From the Adam Smith Institute to the Zapatistas: An Internet Gateway to all Development Knowledge.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilks, Alex

2002-01-01

Examines the World Bank Internet initiative, the Development Gateway. Describes the importance of the Bank as a knowledge bank and the threats posed by the Internet to its near monopoly of development thinking. Argues that the initiative reveals biases and misunderstandings in the World Bank's approach to knowledge for development. (CAJ)

Educating Citizens in a Multicultural Society. Second Edition

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Banks, James A.

2007-01-01

In this second edition of "Educating Citizens in a Multicultural Society", Banks advocates that an effective citizenship education helps students to acquire the knowledge, skills, and values needed to function effectively within their cultural communities, nation states, regions, and the global community. It also helps students to…

Imaging the Alien - The Portrayal of Extraterrestrial Intelligence and SETI in Science Fiction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baxter, S.

Concepts of extraterrestrial intelligence as explored in science fiction are reviewed. In particular, modern fiction based on the scenarios envisaged in SETI methodologies is described. The intention is to help make this work accessible to specialists such as the SETI and astrobiology communities. While SF is primarily fiction and is meant to entertain, the more thoughtful of such works may serve as a bank of thought experiments to assist in the development of future SETI strategies and policies.

Carbonate Production by Benthic Communities on Shallow Coralgal Reefs of Abrolhos Bank, Brazil.

PubMed

Reis, Vanessa Moura Dos; Karez, Cláudia Santiago; Mariath, Rodrigo; de Moraes, Fernando Coreixas; de Carvalho, Rodrigo Tomazetto; Brasileiro, Poliana Silva; Bahia, Ricardo da Gama; Lotufo, Tito Monteiro da Cruz; Ramalho, Laís Vieira; de Moura, Rodrigo Leão; Francini-Filho, Ronaldo Bastos; Pereira-Filho, Guilherme Henrique; Thompson, Fabiano Lopes; Bastos, Alex Cardoso; Salgado, Leonardo Tavares; Amado-Filho, Gilberto Menezes

2016-01-01

The abundance of reef builders, non-builders and the calcium carbonate produced by communities established in Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) were determined in three Abrolhos Bank shallow reefs during the period from 2012 to 2014. In addition, the seawater temperature, the irradiance, and the amount and composition of the sediments were determined. The inner and outer reef arcs were compared. CAUs located on the inner reef shelf were under the influence of terrigenous sediments. On the outer reefs, the sediments were composed primarily of marine biogenic carbonates. The mean carbonate production in shallow reefs of Abrolhos was 579 ± 98 g m-2 y-1. The builder community was dominated by crustose coralline algae, while the non-builder community was dominated by turf. A marine heat wave was detected during the summer of 2013-2014, and the number of consecutive days with a temperature above or below the summer mean was positively correlated with the turf cover increase. The mean carbonate production of the shallow reefs of Abrolhos Bank was greater than the estimated carbonate production measured for artificial structures on several other shallow reefs of the world. The calcimass was higher than the non-calcareous mass, suggesting that the Abrolhos reefs are still in a positive carbonate production balance. Given that marine heat waves produce an increase of turf cover on the shallow reefs of the Abrolhos, a decrease in the cover represented by reef builders and shifting carbonate production are expected in the near future.

Carbonate Production by Benthic Communities on Shallow Coralgal Reefs of Abrolhos Bank, Brazil

PubMed Central

dos Reis, Vanessa Moura; Karez, Cláudia Santiago; Mariath, Rodrigo; de Moraes, Fernando Coreixas; de Carvalho, Rodrigo Tomazetto; Brasileiro, Poliana Silva; Bahia, Ricardo da Gama; Lotufo, Tito Monteiro da Cruz; Ramalho, Laís Vieira; de Moura, Rodrigo Leão; Francini-Filho, Ronaldo Bastos; Pereira-Filho, Guilherme Henrique; Thompson, Fabiano Lopes; Bastos, Alex Cardoso; Salgado, Leonardo Tavares; Amado-Filho, Gilberto Menezes

2016-01-01

The abundance of reef builders, non-builders and the calcium carbonate produced by communities established in Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) were determined in three Abrolhos Bank shallow reefs during the period from 2012 to 2014. In addition, the seawater temperature, the irradiance, and the amount and composition of the sediments were determined. The inner and outer reef arcs were compared. CAUs located on the inner reef shelf were under the influence of terrigenous sediments. On the outer reefs, the sediments were composed primarily of marine biogenic carbonates. The mean carbonate production in shallow reefs of Abrolhos was 579 ± 98 g m-2 y-1. The builder community was dominated by crustose coralline algae, while the non-builder community was dominated by turf. A marine heat wave was detected during the summer of 2013–2014, and the number of consecutive days with a temperature above or below the summer mean was positively correlated with the turf cover increase. The mean carbonate production of the shallow reefs of Abrolhos Bank was greater than the estimated carbonate production measured for artificial structures on several other shallow reefs of the world. The calcimass was higher than the non-calcareous mass, suggesting that the Abrolhos reefs are still in a positive carbonate production balance. Given that marine heat waves produce an increase of turf cover on the shallow reefs of the Abrolhos, a decrease in the cover represented by reef builders and shifting carbonate production are expected in the near future. PMID:27119151

Detecting the impact of bank and channel modification on invertebrate communities in Mediterranean temporary streams (Sardinia, SW Italy).

PubMed

Buffagni, Andrea; Tenchini, Roberta; Cazzola, Marcello; Erba, Stefania; Balestrini, Raffaella; Belfiore, Carlo; Pagnotta, Romano

2016-09-15

We hypothesized that reach-scale, bank and channel modification would impact benthic communities in temporary rivers of Sardinia, when pollution and water abstraction are not relevant. A range of variables were considered, which include both artificial structures/alterations and natural features observed in a stream reach. Multivariate regression trees (MRT) were used to assess the effects of the explanatory variables on invertebrate assemblages and five groups, characterized by different habitat modification and/or features, were recognized. Four node variables determined the splits in the MRT analysis: channel reinforcement, tree-related bank and channel habitats, channel modification and bank modification. Continuity of trees in the river corridor diverged among MRT groups and significant differences among groups include presence of alders, extent of channel shading and substrate diversity. Also, the percentage of in-stream organic substrates, in particular CPOM/Xylal, showed highly significant differences among groups. For practical applications, thresholds for the extent of channel reinforcement (40%) and modification (10%) and for bank alteration (≈30%) were provided, that can be used to guide the implementation of restoration measures. In moderately altered river reaches, a significant extent of tree-related habitats (≈5%) can noticeably mitigate the effects of morphological alteration on aquatic invertebrates. The outcomes highlight the importance of riparian zone management as an opportune, achievable prospect in the restoration of Mediterranean temporary streams. The impact of bank and channel modification on ecological status (sensu WFD) was investigated and the tested benthic metrics, especially those based on abundance data, showed legible differences among MRT groups. Finally, bank and channel modification appears to be a potential threat for the conservation of a few Sardo-Corsican endemic species. The introduction of management criteria that openly use information on endemic species seems crucial to reduce the risk of improving overall ecological status while depleting biodiversity. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

[Effects of submarine topography and water depth on distribution of pelagic fish community in minnan-taiwan bank fishing ground].

PubMed

Fang, Shuimei; Yang, Shengyun; Zhang, Chengmao; Zhu, Jinfu

2002-11-01

According to the fishing record of the light-seine information vessel in Minnan-Taiwan bank ground during 1989 to 1999, the effects of submarine topography and water depth on distribution of pelagic fish community in Minnan-Taiwan bank fishing ground was studied. The results showed that the pelagic fish distributed concentratively, while the submarine topography and water depth varied widely, but in different fishing regions, the distribution of pelagic fishes was uneven. The distribution of fishing yield increased from north to south, and closed up from sides of the bank to south or north in the regions. Pelagic fish distributed mainly in mixed water in the southern Taiwan Strait, and in warm water in the Taiwan Strait. The central fishing grounds were at high salt regions. Close gathering regions of pelagic fish or central fishing ground would be varied with the seasonal variation of mixed water in the southern Taiwan Strait and warm water in the Taiwan Strait. Central fishing ground was not only related to submarine topography and water depth, but also related to wind direction, wind-power and various water systems. In the fishing ground, the gathering depth of pelagic fish was 30-60 m in spring and summer, and 40-80 m in autumn and winter.

Preserve America News

Science.gov Websites

interest in fitness with heritage education, encouraging the public to stay healthy and value preservation Irvington Historical Society to create a series of historic fitness trails. Funding from Community Hospital information, and local fitness news. Join the idea bank... Does your community use podcasting, guided tours by

Implementation and Impact of College Community Service and Its Effect on the Social Responsibility of Undergraduate Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nnakwe, Nweze E.

1999-01-01

Students in a nutrition course (n=34) participated in a service-learning project in community food banks serving homeless people. Pre- and posttest data showed an increase in their concern, activism, and attitudes related to world hunger and homelessness. (SK)

OneDep: Unified wwPDB System for Deposition, Biocuration, and Validation of Macromolecular Structures in the PDB Archive

PubMed Central

Young, Jasmine Y.; Westbrook, John D.; Feng, Zukang; Sala, Raul; Peisach, Ezra; Oldfield, Thomas J.; Sen, Sanchayita; Gutmanas, Aleksandras; Armstrong, David R.; Berrisford, John M.; Chen, Li; Chen, Minyu; Di Costanzo, Luigi; Dimitropoulos, Dimitris; Gao, Guanghua; Ghosh, Sutapa; Gore, Swanand; Guranovic, Vladimir; Hendrickx, Pieter MS; Hudson, Brian P.; Igarashi, Reiko; Ikegawa, Yasuyo; Kobayashi, Naohiro; Lawson, Catherine L.; Liang, Yuhe; Mading, Steve; Mak, Lora; Mir, M. Saqib; Mukhopadhyay, Abhik; Patwardhan, Ardan; Persikova, Irina; Rinaldi, Luana; Sanz-Garcia, Eduardo; Sekharan, Monica R.; Shao, Chenghua; Swaminathan, G. Jawahar; Tan, Lihua; Ulrich, Eldon L.; van Ginkel, Glen; Yamashita, Reiko; Yang, Huanwang; Zhuravleva, Marina A.; Quesada, Martha; Kleywegt, Gerard J.; Berman, Helen M.; Markley, John L.; Nakamura, Haruki; Velankar, Sameer; Burley, Stephen K.

2017-01-01

SUMMARY OneDep, a unified system for deposition, biocuration, and validation of experimentally determined structures of biological macromolecules to the Protein Data Bank (PDB) archive, has been developed as a global collaboration by the Worldwide Protein Data Bank (wwPDB) partners. This new system was designed to ensure that the wwPDB could meet the evolving archiving requirements of the scientific community over the coming decades. OneDep unifies deposition, biocuration, and validation pipelines across all wwPDB, EMDB, and BMRB deposition sites with improved focus on data quality and completeness in these archives, while supporting growth in the number of depositions and increases in their average size and complexity. In this paper, we describe the design, functional operation, and supporting infrastructure of the OneDep system, and provide initial performance assessments. PMID:28190782

Development of an item bank and computer adaptive test for role functioning.

PubMed

Anatchkova, Milena D; Rose, Matthias; Ware, John E; Bjorner, Jakob B

2012-11-01

Role functioning (RF) is a key component of health and well-being and an important outcome in health research. The aim of this study was to develop an item bank to measure impact of health on role functioning. A set of different instruments including 75 newly developed items asking about the impact of health on role functioning was completed by 2,500 participants. Established item response theory methods were used to develop an item bank based on the generalized partial credit model. Comparison of group mean bank scores of participants with different self-reported general health status and chronic conditions was used to test the external validity of the bank. After excluding items that did not meet established requirements, the final item bank consisted of a total of 64 items covering three areas of role functioning (family, social, and occupational). Slopes in the bank ranged between .93 and 4.37; the mean threshold range was -1.09 to -2.25. Item bank-based scores were significantly different for participants with and without chronic conditions and with different levels of self-reported general health. An item bank assessing health impact on RF across three content areas has been successfully developed. The bank can be used for development of short forms or computerized adaptive tests to be applied in the assessment of role functioning as one of the common denominators across applications of generic health assessment.

Development of a Computer Adaptive Test for Depression Based on the Dutch-Flemish Version of the PROMIS Item Bank.

PubMed

Flens, Gerard; Smits, Niels; Terwee, Caroline B; Dekker, Joost; Huijbrechts, Irma; de Beurs, Edwin

2017-03-01

We developed a Dutch-Flemish version of the patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) adult V1.0 item bank for depression as input for computerized adaptive testing (CAT). As item bank, we used the Dutch-Flemish translation of the original PROMIS item bank (28 items) and additionally translated 28 U.S. depression items that failed to make the final U.S. item bank. Through psychometric analysis of a combined clinical and general population sample ( N = 2,010), 8 added items were removed. With the final item bank, we performed several CAT simulations to assess the efficiency of the extended (48 items) and the original item bank (28 items), using various stopping rules. Both item banks resulted in highly efficient and precise measurement of depression and showed high similarity between the CAT simulation scores and the full item bank scores. We discuss the implications of using each item bank and stopping rule for further CAT development.

12 CFR 723.3 - What are the requirements for construction and development lending?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What are the requirements for construction and development lending? 723.3 Section 723.3 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS... development lending? Except as provided in § 723.4 or unless your Regional Director grants a waiver, loans...

Cord blood stem cell banking: a snapshot of the Italian situation.

PubMed

Capone, Francesca; Lombardini, Letizia; Pupella, Simonetta; Grazzini, Giuliano; Costa, Alessandro Nanni; Migliaccio, Giovanni

2011-09-01

In Italy, the law does not permit the setting up of private banks to preserve cord blood (CB) stem cells for personal use. However, since 2007 the right to export and preserve them in private laboratories located outside Italy has existed, and an increasing number of women are requesting this collection of umbilical CB at delivery to enable storage of stem cells for autologous use. Since private banks recruit clients mainly via the Internet, we examined the content of 24 Italian-language websites that offer stem cells storage (from CB or amniotic fluid), to assess what information is available. We found that the majority of private banks give no clear information about the procedures of collection, processing, and banking of CB units and that the standards offered by private CB banks strongly differ in terms of exclusion or acceptance criteria from the public banks. These factors may well influence the overall quality of the CB units stored in private CB banks. Of note, during the period 2007 to 2009, the number collected for autologous use did not create a downward trend on the number of units stored in public CB banks for allogeneic use. CB is a valuable community resource but expectant parents should be better informed as to the quality variables necessary for its storage, both by institutions and by professionals. Currently, most of the advertising is insufficient to justify the expense and the hopes pinned on autologous use of CB stem cells. © 2011 American Association of Blood Banks.

Fish communities associated with cold-water corals vary with depth and substratum type

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Milligan, Rosanna J.; Spence, Gemma; Roberts, J. Murray; Bailey, David M.

2016-08-01

Understanding the processes that drive the distribution patterns of organisms and the scales over which these processes operate are vital when considering the effective management of species with high commercial or conservation value. In the deep sea, the importance of scleractinian cold-water corals (CWCs) to fish has been the focus of several studies but their role remains unclear. We propose this may be due to the confounding effects of multiple drivers operating over multiple spatial scales. The aims of this study were to investigate the role of CWCs in shaping fish community structure and individual species-habitat associations across four spatial scales in the NE Atlantic ranging from "regions" (separated by >500 km) to "substratum types" (contiguous). Demersal fish and substratum types were quantified from three regions: Logachev Mounds, Rockall Bank and Hebrides Terrace Seamount (HTS). PERMANOVA analyses showed significant differences in community composition between all regions which were most likely caused by differences in depths. Within regions, significant variation in community composition was recorded at scales of c. 20-3500 m. CWCs supported significantly different fish communities to non-CWC substrata at Rockall Bank, Logachev and the HTS. Single-species analyses using generalised linear mixed models showed that Sebastes sp. was strongly associated with CWCs at Rockall Bank and that Neocyttus helgae was more likely to occur in CWCs at the HTS. Depth had a significant effect on several other fish species. The results of this study suggest that the importance of CWCs to fish is species-specific and depends on the broader spatial context in which the substratum is found. The precautionary approach would be to assume that CWCs are important for associated fish, but must acknowledge that CWCs in different depths will not provide redundancy or replication within spatially-managed conservation networks.

The Design and Conduct of a Community‐Based Registry and Biorepository: A Focus on Cardiometabolic Health in Latinos

PubMed Central

Coletta, Dawn K.; Vital, Veronica; Mandarino, Lawrence J.

2013-01-01

Abstract Background Latinos are disproportionately impacted by obesity and type 2 diabetes but remain underrepresented in biomedical research. Therefore, the purpose of this project was to develop a research registry and biorepository to examine cardiometabolic disease risk in the Latino community of Phoenix, Arizona. The overarching goal was to establish the research infrastructure that would encourage transdisciplinary research regarding the biocultural mechanisms of obesity‐related health disparities and facilitate access to this research for the Latino community. Methods Prior to recruitment, key stakeholders from the local Latino community were engaged to develop a broad rapport within the community and seek advice regarding recruitment, enrollment, and follow‐up. Self‐identified community‐dwelling Latinos underwent a comprehensive cardiometabolic health assessment that included anthropometrics, a fasting laboratory panel, and a 2‐hour oral glucose tolerance test with measures of insulin and glucose to estimate insulin action and secretion. Separate consent was requested for future contact and banking of serum, DNA, and RNA. Research collaborations were sought out based on the cultural and metabolic profile of participants, faculty research agendas, and the potential for generating hypotheses. Results A total of 667 participants (20.4% children, and 79.6% adults) were enrolled with 97% consenting to the registry and 94% to banking of samples. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 50% in children and 81% in adults. Nearly 20% of children and more than 45% of the adults exhibited some degree of hyperglycemia. To date, more than 15 research projects have been supported through this infrastructure and have included projects on the molecular biology of insulin resistance to the sociocultural determinants of health behaviors and outcomes. Conclusions The high prevalence of obesity and cardiometabolic disease risk factors coupled with the overwhelming majority of participants consenting to be re‐contacted, highlights the importance of supporting research infrastructure to generate hypotheses about obesity‐related health in Latinos. Future studies that stem from the initial project will likely advance the limited understanding regarding the biocultural determinants of health disparities in the Latino community. PMID:24119012

CHANNEL EVOLUTION IN MODIFIED ALLUVIAL STREAMS.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Simon, Andrew; Hupp, Cliff R.

1987-01-01

This study (a) assesses the channel changes and network trends of bed level response after modifications between 1959 and 1972 of alluvial channels in western Tennessee and (b) develops a conceptual model of bank slope development to qualitatively assess bank stability and potential channel widening. A six-step, semiquantitative model of channel evolution in disturbed channels was developed by quantifying bed level trends and recognizing qualitative stages of bank slope development. Development of the bank profile is defined in terms of three dynamic and observable surfaces: (a) vertical face (70 to 90 degrees), (b) upper bank (25 to 50 degrees), and (c) slough line (20 to 25 degrees).

Evaluating the effects of community-based organization engagement on HIV and AIDS-related risk behavior in Kenya.

PubMed

Riehman, Kara S; Kakietek, Jakub; Manteuffel, Brigitte A; Rodriguez-García, Rosalía; Bonnel, Rene; N'Jie, N'Della; Godoy-Garraza, Lucas; Orago, Alloys; Murithi, Patrick; Fruh, Joseph

2013-01-01

International donors have increasingly shifted AIDS funding directly to community-based organizations (CBOs) with the assumption that responding to the epidemic is best achieved at the community level. The World Bank, ICF Macro, and the National Council for Population and Development in Kenya, conducted a study to evaluate the community response in Kenya. The study used a quasi-experimental design comparing seven study communities and seven comparison communities in Nyanza Province and Western Province. We examined the impact of CBO activity on individual and community-level outcomes, including HIV knowledge, awareness and perceptions, sexual risk behavior, and social transformation (gender ideology and social capital). The study consisted of two components: a household survey conducted in all 14 communities, and qualitative data collected in a subset of communities. Individuals in communities with higher CBO engagement were significantly more likely to have reported consistent condom use. Higher CBO engagement was associated with some measures of social capital, including participation in local and national elections, and participation in electoral campaigns. CBOs provide added value in addressing the HIV and AIDS epidemic in very targeted and specific ways that are closely tied to the services they provide (e.g., prevention education); thus, increasing CBO engagement can be an effective measure in scaling up prevention efforts in those areas.

The Role of Communities in Mental Health Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Meta-Review of Components and Competencies.

PubMed

Kohrt, Brandon A; Asher, Laura; Bhardwaj, Anvita; Fazel, Mina; Jordans, Mark J D; Mutamba, Byamah B; Nadkarni, Abhijit; Pedersen, Gloria A; Singla, Daisy R; Patel, Vikram

2018-06-16

Community-based mental health services are emphasized in the World Health Organization’s Mental Health Action Plan , the World Bank’s Disease Control Priorities , and the Action Plan of the World Psychiatric Association. There is increasing evidence for effectiveness of mental health interventions delivered by non-specialists in community platforms in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). However, the role of community components has yet to be summarized. Our objective was to map community interventions in LMIC, identify competencies for community-based providers, and highlight research gaps. Using a review-of-reviews strategy, we identified 23 reviews for the narrative synthesis. Motivations to employ community components included greater accessibility and acceptability compared to healthcare facilities, greater clinical effectiveness through ongoing contact and use of trusted local providers, family involvement, and economic benefits. Locations included homes, schools, and refugee camps, as well as technology-aided delivery. Activities included awareness raising, psychoeducation, skills training, rehabilitation, and psychological treatments. There was substantial variation in the degree to which community components were integrated with primary care services. Addressing gaps in current practice will require assuring collaboration with service users, utilizing implementation science methods, creating tools to facilitate community services and evaluate competencies of providers, and developing standardized reporting for community-based programs.

Vertical Distribution of Bacterial Communities in the Indian Ocean as Revealed by Analyses of 16S rRNA and nasA Genes.

PubMed

Jiang, Xuexia; Jiao, Nianzhi

2016-09-01

Bacteria play an important role in the marine biogeochemical cycles. However, research on the bacterial community structure of the Indian Ocean is scarce, particularly within the vertical dimension. In this study, we investigated the bacterial diversity of the pelagic, mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones of the southwestern Indian Ocean (50.46°E, 37.71°S). The clone libraries constructed by 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that most phylotypes retrieved from the Indian Ocean were highly divergent from those retrieved from other oceans. Vertical differences were observed based on the analysis of natural bacterial community populations derived from the 16S rRNA gene sequences. Based on the analysis of the nasA gene sequences from GenBank database, a pair of general primers was developed and used to amplify the bacterial nitrate-assimilating populations. Environmental factors play an important role in mediating the bacterial communities in the Indian Ocean revealed by canonical correlation analysis.

Good governance and sustainability: a case study from Pakistan.

PubMed

Israr, Syed Muhammad; Islam, Anwar

2006-01-01

On the basis of a case study in Pakistan, the paper argues that good governance, characterized by transparency, accountability and meaningful community participation, plays a critical role in the sustainability of donor-funded health systems projects in the public health sector. The Family Health Project (FHP) (1992-1999), funded by the World Bank, has been used as a case study. Critical analysis of secondary data mainly obtained from the Department of Health (DoH) in the province of Sindh in Pakistan is the major tool used for the study. Data from other sources including the World Bank have also been used. The analysis reveals that the existing health care system could not fully absorb and sustain major "sociopolitical" thrusts of the project, meaningful community participation and "democratic" decision-making processes being the most important ones. The hierarchical structure and management process made it difficult to produce a sense of ownership of the project among all managers and the rank and file staff. The Provincial Health Development Center (PHDC) and District Health Development Centers (DHDCs) established by the FHP did not receive adequate financial and political support from DoH and the Ministry of Health to have much control of the project at the local level. Consequently, these Centers largely failed to institutionalize a continuing training program for district level health officials/professionals. Due to lack of political support, the District Health Management Teams (DHMTs) could not be institutionalized. Community participation in the DHMTs was symbolic rather than forceful. Improved coordination among all stakeholders, more stable and competent leadership, more meaningful community participation, greater devolution of project management to the district level, and better management of resources would have resulted in more effective and efficient implementation of the project. Based on these findings, the paper introduces a Sustainable Management Approach (SMA) as a tool that can be used to ensure the sustainability of health systems projects, particularly those funded by international organizations in developing countries. Good governance and a conducive organizational culture are important prerequisites for incorporating any new project within an existing system. This includes prior consensus building among all stakeholders, a meaningful and inclusive participatory planning, implementation and evaluation process involving communities, political commitment, and the identification and use of appropriate leadership for project management.

Sewing machines and bank loans, farming and family planning.

PubMed

Sai, F A; Nsarkoh, J D

1980-03-01

Half of a $10,000 grant was given by the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) to finance the rural development project activities of Danfa, a village of about 835 people in Ghana. In this community the women are hard working but doubly disadvantaged. Along with a high illiteracy rate, the women are limited by inadequate income due to underemployment, under productivity, unfavorable farming conditions, and a lack of resources. Large families, frequent pregnancies, poor mother and child health, and high infant mortality all make matters worse for both the rural farm wife and her family. The project began with a nucleus of women that soon grew to between 24-30. Members soon formed small groups according to their occupational interests. The women grasped the self-help idea immediately. Once or twice a month there were demonstrations and the group worked together in such activities as making soap and pomade, preparing meals, and sewing. Meetings generally ended with a general group brainstorming and then members gathered in smaller groups to review their activities and plan for the future. During the 1st year of the project the men in the group rarely attended meetings. The group gave priority attention to their community's urgent need for working capital. 15 women farmers who met the criteria determined by the group received loans in the 1st round; only 8 satisfied the criteria in the 2nd round. At the beginning of the small loans scheme, the group decided to seek bigger loans from the bank if members proved credit worthy. This requirement was satisfied, and the group began negotiations for a loan with the Agricultural Development Bank. The group received the total group loan. The Ghana Home Science Association considers the project to be successful in several respects. Team spirit has developed the group, and the women play important and respected roles. Family planning problems are regularly presented for discussion, but it is difficult to correlate these ideas with practice. The ability of members to discuss these problems comfortably is an indication of their acceptance of family planning as an important topic in their lives.

[Community intervention during economic disasters].

PubMed

de León, O A

1991-03-01

A political conflict forced banks to close down in Panama during March 1988. Thus, thousand of families were unable to meet their most basic needs during that lapse of time. This paper describes a community intervention program that was set up in the midst of such an economic disaster. That program emphasized mental health consultation techniques to help devising an effective organizational action as well as developing standards to determine needs, and a clear-cut two-way communication with the affected families. The incidence of emotional disorder was assessed with the Self Report Questionnaire, and crisis intervention was offered to any people who should apply for it. Cognitive responses, coping behaviors, and social supports were also assessed. Results showed that those individuals excluded from a full participation in their culture were much more likely to develop emotional disorders. Finding that affected people showed a scarce self-help behavior was interpreted as a feature of the transcultural transaction between affected people, and professionals.