Clinical and radiological evaluation of inverse impaction of supernumerary teeth

PubMed Central

Kurklu, Esma; Gencay, Koray; Ak, Gulsum

2013-01-01

Objective: To describe the clinical and radiological features of children with inverted supernumerary teeth. Study Design: Thirty eight patients with inverted supernumerary teeth (ST) were enrolled in this descriptive and restrospective study. Data from patient records including age, gender, status of dentition, number of ST, number of ST in inverted position, coexistence of ST in inverted and normal direction of eruption, location, orientation, morphology, clinical complications, management and radiography were assessed during 3-years period. Results: Thirty eight patients with a mean age of 9.10±1.97 years (range:6-13) and a strong male preponderance of 3.7:1 (male:30, female:8) had a total of 69 ST, of which 41 were in inverted position. Thirty five patients had one (92.1%) inverted tooth, whereas 3 patients had two inverted teeth per case (7.9%). All cases were located in the maxilla. Midline was the most frequent site for the single inverted supernumerary tooth in 18 (47.4%) patients, followed equally by the right and left premaxillary region in 10 patients each (26.3%). Regarding morphology, 30 patients had conical (78.9%) and 8 (21.1%) had incisiform ST. No tuberculate shaped ST was detected. There was no statistically significant difference between number of inverted teeth and delayed tooth eruption, diastema, local malocclusion, palatinal swelling (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between complications and age (p>0.05). Surgical removal at the time of diagnosis with subsequent follow-up during completion of permanent dentition was the treatment approach in all cases. Conclusions: Thorough clinical examination followed by a comprehensive radiographic screening is the crucial determinant of an accurate diagnosis of an impacted ST. Early diagnosis and timely management are key factors to prevent or minimize the complications, which may influence function and esthetics of the teeth and even psychological condition of the growing child. Key words:Supernumerary tooth, impaction, inverted. PMID:23722132

Combined Orthodontic-surgical Treatment for Skeletal Class III Malocclusion with Multiple Impacted Permanent and Supernumerary Teeth: Case Report.

PubMed

Xue, Dai Juan And Feng

2014-01-01

In this report we describe a combined orthodontic and surgical treatment for a 14-year-old boy with severe skeletal class III deformity and dental problem. His upper posterior primary teeth in the left side were over-retained and 6 maxillary teeth (bilateral central incisors and canines, left first and second premolars) were impacted, together with 5 supernumerary teeth in both arches. The treatment protocol involved extraction of all the supernumerary and deciduous teeth, surgical exposure and orthodontic traction of the impacted teeth, a bimaxillary orthognathic approach including Lefort I osteotomy. Bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) and genioplasty was performed to correct skeletal problem. After treatment, all of the impacted teeth were brought to proper alignment in the maxillary arch. A satisfied profile and good posterior occlusion was achieved. Treatment mechanics and consideration during different stages are discussed.

Selected toxic and essential heavy metals in impacted teeth and the surrounding mandibular bones of people exposed to heavy metals in the environment.

PubMed

Malara, Piotr; Fischer, Agnieszka; Malara, Beata

2016-01-01

The elemental composition of bones and teeth can allow exposure to heavy metals in the environment to be estimated. The aim of this study was to determine whether impacted mandibular teeth and the surrounding bones can be used as biomonitoring media to assess exposure to heavy metals. The research materials were 67 impacted lower third molars and samples of the cortical bone removed when the wisdom teeth were surgically extracted. The samples were from people living in two areas with different environmental concentrations of heavy metals. The cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, and zinc concentrations in the samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with flame atomization. The cadmium and lead concentrations in the impacted third molars and the bones surrounding the teeth were significantly higher for people living in the relatively polluted Ruda Slaska region than for people living in Bielsko-Biala region. Significantly higher chromium, copper, manganese, and zinc concentrations were found in the bones surrounding the impacted teeth from people living in Ruda Slaska than in the bones surrounding the impacted teeth from people living in Bielsko-Biala. The cadmium concentrations in impacted teeth and the surrounding bones were significantly positively correlated. The results indicated that impacted mandibular teeth and the surrounding mandibular bones may reflect the exposure of people to cadmium and lead in the environment. This conclusion, however, must be verified in future research projects designed to exclude the possibility of additional dietary, occupational, and other types of exposure to heavy metals.

[Current situation of clinical research on impacted premolars].

PubMed

Liu, Ran-Ran; Tian, Jun

2018-04-01

Teeth impaction is a common developmental malformation in oral diseases. Impacted teeth are usually the canines, third molar, central incisors, premolars, and second molars. The prevalence of impaction of maxillary canines and mandibular wisdom teeth is higher than that of other teeth. Most recent studies have focused on the canines and third molars, but research on impacted premolars is limited. In clinical practice, the majority of orthodontic patients require premolar extraction. Thus, impacted premolars play important roles in orthodontic design and prognosis. This article provides an overview of recent research on impacted premolars and summarizes epidemiological features, localizations, and treatments, with the aim of guiding practitioners on orthodontic design and therapy.

[Comparison of dentomaxillary pantomography and periapical radiographs with horizontal tube shift in localizing the impacted teeth].

PubMed

Wang, Sun; Fan, Lin-feng

2005-04-01

To compare the clinic value between dentomaxillary pantomography and periapical radiographs in localization of the impacted teeth. 43 impacted teeth were localized with both dentomaxillary pantomography technique and periapical radiographs with horizontal tube shift which is clinically widely used. And a comparison between the two methods was carried out using Chi square test. Both dentomaxillary pantomography and periapical radiographs with horizontal tube shift can relatively precisely demonstrate the position of the impacted teeth. The percentage of the cases which the image and the result of surgery was consistent in the two methods was 93.02% and 95.35% (P>0.05) respectively. There was no statistical difference between the two groups. Dentomaxillary pantomography can precisely localize the impacted teeth.

Multiple supernumerary teeth associated with an impacted maxillary central incisor: Surgical and orthodontic management

PubMed Central

Yeluri, Ramakrishna; Hegde, Manjunath; Baliga, Sudhindra; Munshi, Autar Krishen

2012-01-01

Various anomalies in the size, shape, number, structure and eruption of the teeth are often observed clinical conditions. Supernumerary teeth can be found in almost any region of the dental arch, and most of the times they are asymptomatic, and are routinely found during radiographic evaluation. The most common cause of impacted maxillary incisors is the presence of the supernumerary teeth. This paper describes a case of multiple supernumerary teeth associated with an impacted permanent maxillary central incisor in an 11-year old child along with its surgical and orthodontic management. PMID:22919229

Surgical management of impacted incisors in associate with supernumerary teeth: a combine case report of spontaneous eruption and orthodontic extrusion.

PubMed

Das, D; Misra, J

2012-01-01

Maxillary permanent incisors impaction is not a frequent case in dental practice, but its treatment is challenging because of its importance to facial esthetics. Supernumerary teeth are the main cause of impaction of upper incisors. Supernumerary teeth when present can cause both esthetic and pathologic problems. Early detection of such teeth is most important if complications are to be avoided. In this reported case, the orthopantamogram of a 9-year-old boy revealed two impacted supernumerary teeth in the maxillary anterior region, which was interfering with the eruption of the permanent central incisors. The impacted supernumerary teeth were surgically removed, 11 was repositioned in the arch as it was situated very high in the arch, close to the nasal floor. Twenty-one erupted spontaneously but orthodontic force was applied over 11 to bring it into the occlusion and alignment was achieved with 0.014 mm NiTi wire.

The impact of dietary and tooth-brushing habits to dental caries of special school children with disability.

PubMed

Liu, Hsiu-Yueh; Chen, Chun-Chih; Hu, Wen-Chia; Tang, Ru-Ching; Chen, Cheng-Chin; Tsai, Chi-Cheng; Huang, Shun-Te

2010-01-01

The daily oral activities may severely influence oral health of children with disabilities. In this survey, we analyzed the impact of dietary and tooth-brushing habits to dental caries in special school children with disabilities. This cross-sectional survey investigated 535 special school children with disabilities aged 6-12 years, 60.93% males, 39.07% females from 10 special schools in Taiwan. Oral examinations were carried out by dentists with a Kappa score of their inter-examiner agreement exceeding 0.8. Data on demographics, diet, and tooth-brushing habits of children with disabilities were collected using a standardized questionnaire completed by parents/caregivers. More than three quarters of the participants were combined with severe or profound disability. Children with profound severity in disability had a higher percentage (67.37%) in teeth-brushing by parents/caregivers compared to those children with mild/moderate severity in disability which had a higher percentage (81.60%) in teeth-brushing by themselves. Children whose teeth were brushed by parents/caregivers had a better dental health, and lower caries prevalence. The main risk factors related to decayed teeth of children with disabilities are frequency of sweets intake, ability to brush teeth and with plaque or not. The dental health education, prevention program and periodical oral check-up to children with disabilities and their parents/caregivers should be reinforced. Brushing skill should be taught to children according to their type, severity and individual characteristics of disability. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Health of periodontal tissues and resorption status after orthodontic treatment of impacted maxillary canines.

PubMed

Oz, A Z; Ciger, S

2018-03-01

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the changes of incisor root resorption associated with impacted maxillary canines and health of periodontal tissues around maxillary canines erupted with orthodontic treatment. Twenty patients with a unilateral palatally impacted maxillary canine were included in the study. Cone-beam computed tomography images taken before and after orthodontic treatment were compared with the contralateral canines serving as control teeth. Root resorption was present in 10% of central and 40% of lateral incisors before treatment. After treatment, the incidence of resorption decreased. The thickness of the buccal bone surrounding the impacted canines was similar to that surrounding the contralateral canines, except in the apical area. Periodontal pocket depth and alveolar bone loss were greater for the impacted canine teeth than for the contralateral canines. Incisor root resorption associated with impacted canine teeth showed signs of repair after orthodontic treatment. Slight differences related to periodontal health were found between the previously impacted teeth and contralateral canine teeth.

The decade of overdentures: 1970-1980.

PubMed

Fenton, A H

1998-01-01

Jaw bones resorb when teeth are lost. People cannot function as well with complete dentures compared with their natural teeth. As more people are living longer and these cumulative effects become increasingly documented, dentists in the 1970s attached more importance to keeping teeth. The concept of overdentures developed as a simple and economic alternative to prolong the retention and function of the last few teeth in a compromised dentition. The previous option was extensive fixed prosthodontics. An overdenture is a complete or removable partial denture that has one or more tooth roots to provide support. Rather than extracting all compromised teeth, the crowns, and pulpal tissue of selected teeth (usually two anterior teeth) are removed. The remaining root projecting through the mucosa is restored and/or contoured. With the crown removed, there is space to cover the area with a denture. The root has less mobility, and its retention retards bone resorption. Overdentures with roots are more stable, and patients can chew better than with dentures supported on residual alveolar bone and mucosal tissue alone. Keeping even a few teeth has a strong psychological value for some patients. Patients who have lost teeth, adjacent tissue, and bone need replacement of more oral structures than tooth crowns alone can provide. A complete denture with flange contours can restore tissue and appearance. The conventional tooth-supported overdenture concept continues to be an accepted treatment modality and has now been adapted to implants.

Decayed and missing teeth and oral-health-related factors: predicting depression in homeless people.

PubMed

Coles, Emma; Chan, Karen; Collins, Jennifer; Humphris, Gerry M; Richards, Derek; Williams, Brian; Freeman, Ruth

2011-08-01

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of dental health status, dental anxiety and oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) upon homeless people's experience of depression. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on a sample of homeless people in seven National Health Service Boards in Scotland. All participants completed a questionnaire to assess their depression, dental anxiety and OHRQoL using reliable and valid measures. Participants had an oral examination to assess their experience of tooth decay (decayed and missing teeth). Latent variable path analysis was conducted to determine the effects of dental health status on depression via dental anxiety and OHRQoL using intensive resampling methods. A total of 853 homeless people participated, of which 70% yielded complete data sets. Three latent variables, decayed and missing teeth, dental anxiety (Modified Dental Anxiety Scale: five items) and depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale: two factors), and a single variable for OHRQoL (Oral Health Impact Profile total scale) were used in a hybrid structural equation model. The variable decayed and missing teeth was associated with depression through indirect pathways (total standardised indirect effects=0.44, P<.001), via OHRQoL and dental anxiety (χ²=75.90, df=40, comparative fit index=0.985, Tucker-Lewis index=0.977, root mean square error of approximation=0.051 [90% confidence interval: 0.037-0.065]). Depression in Scottish homeless people is related to dental health status and oral-health-related factors. Decayed and missing teeth may influence depression primarily through the psychological constructs of OHRQoL and, to a lesser extent, dental anxiety. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Marsupialization of a large dentigerous cyst in the mandible with orthodontic extrusion of three impacted teeth. A case report.

PubMed

Abu-Mostafa, Nedal; Abbasi, Arshad

2017-09-01

The dentigerous cyst (DC) is the most common type of developmental odontogenic cyst. It is usually asymptomatic and associated with the crown of an unerupted or impacted tooth. However, after a long duration, it is likely to cause significant bone resorption, cortical expansion, and tooth displacement. This report presents a large infected DC in the mandible of a 12-year-old female patient. The DC was located inferior to badly decayed primary molars and surrounded three impacted permanent teeth: canine, first premolar, which had a dilacerated root, and second premolar. The DC was treated successfully by marsupialization and extrusion of the impacted teeth. In conclusion, the combination of marsupialization with orthodontic extrusion is a conservative, efficient protocol that stimulates bone healing and promotes the eruption of cyst-associated teeth even if they are deeply impacted, crowded, or have a dilacerated root. Key words: Dentigerous cyst, marsupialization, impacted teeth, orthodontic extrusion, dilacerated root.

Evaluation of the utility of cephalometric parameters in constructing complete denture. Part I: placement of posterior teeth.

PubMed

Bassi, F; Deregibus, A; Previgliano, V; Bracco, P; Preti, G

2001-03-01

Various types of parameters, including cephalometric ones, have been used in the construction of complete denture. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of cephalometric parameters for this purpose. The position of the posterior teeth in a group of 42 edentulous patients, successfully rehabilitated with complete denture according to clinical parameters, was evaluated by cephalometrics. The following were determined: vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO); orientation of the occlusal plane; and subdivision of the denture space. The cephalometric parameters do not correspond to the clinical positioning of the posterior teeth in successful rehabilitation with complete denture.

Impacts on quality of life related to dental caries in a national representative sample of Thai 12- and 15-year-olds.

PubMed

Krisdapong, S; Prasertsom, P; Rattanarangsima, K; Sheiham, A

2013-01-01

Dental caries is generally given the highest priority in national oral health services for school-aged populations. Yet, there is no study exploring the impacts on quality of life specifically related to dental caries in national samples of school-aged children. This study assessed prevalence and characteristics of oral impacts attributed to dental caries on quality of life and compared them with overall oral health impacts. In addition, associations of oral impacts attributed to dental caries and dental caries status were investigated. A national representative sample of 1,063 12- and 811 15-year-olds completed a sociodemographic and behavioural questionnaire, and were orally examined and interviewed about oral health-related quality of life using the Child-OIDP or OIDP indexes, respectively. Associations of condition-specific impacts (CS impacts) attributed to dental caries with components of DMF were investigated using χ(2) tests and multivariate logistic regressions. CS impacts attributed to dental caries were reported by nearly half the children and such impacts accounted for half of overall oral impacts from all oral conditions. The majority of impacts were of little intensity and affected only 1-2 daily performances, particularly performances on Eating, Emotional stability and Cleaning teeth. CS impacts were significantly positively associated with number of decayed teeth, and strongly associated with severe decay. Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel.

An overlay partial denture to restore worn mandibular anterior teeth.

PubMed

Samant, Asha; DeSciscio, Peter

2014-01-01

Restoring worn anterior mandibular teeth is a challenge, especially when teeth are small, esthetics are a concern, the long-term prognosis is questionable, and/or patient finances are an issue. This article describes an alternate treatment for a patient with a collapsed bite, missing posterior mandibular teeth, an ill-fitting complete maxillary denture with poor esthetics, and irregular, worn mandibular anterior teeth.

Clinical and radiological evaluation of inverse impaction of supernumerary teeth.

PubMed

Tuna, Elif-Bahar; Kurklu, Esma; Gencay, Koray; Ak, Gulsum

2013-07-01

To describe the clinical and radiological features of children with inverted supernumerary teeth. Thirty eight patients with inverted supernumerary teeth (ST) were enrolled in this descriptive and restrospective study. Data from patient records including age, gender, status of dentition, number of ST, number of ST in inverted position, coexistence of ST in inverted and normal direction of eruption, location, orientation, morphology, clinical complications, management and radiography were assessed during 3-years period. Thirty eight patients with a mean age of 9.10 ± 1.97 years (range:6-13) and a strong male preponderance of 3.7:1 (male:30, female:8) had a total of 69 ST, of which 41 were in inverted position. Thirty five patients had one (92.1%) inverted tooth, whereas 3 patients had two inverted teeth per case (7.9%). All cases were located in the maxilla. Midline was the most frequent site for the single inverted supernumerary tooth in 18 (47.4%) patients, followed equally by the right and left premaxillary region in 10 patients each (26.3%). Regarding morphology, 30 patients had conical (78.9%) and 8 (21.1%) had incisiform ST. No tuberculate shaped ST was detected. There was no statistically significant difference between number of inverted teeth and delayed tooth eruption, diastema, local malocclusion, palatinal swelling (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between complications and age (p>0.05). Surgical removal at the time of diagnosis with subsequent follow-up during completion of permanent dentition was the treatment approach in all cases. Thorough clinical examination followed by a comprehensive radiographic screening is the crucial determinant of an accurate diagnosis of an impacted ST. Early diagnosis and timely management are key factors to prevent or minimize the complications, which may influence function and esthetics of the teeth and even psychological condition of the growing child.

Association between education level and dentition status in Japanese adults: Japan public health center-based oral health study.

PubMed

Ueno, Masayuki; Ohara, Satoko; Inoue, Manami; Tsugane, Shoichiro; Kawaguchi, Yoko

2012-12-01

The aim of this study was to examine whether there is an educational gradient in dentition status among Japanese adults who are under the universal public health insurance system. Subjects were 1201 community residents aged 55-75 years as of May 2005 who completed a self-administered questionnaire and had a standard clinical oral examination. Analysis focused on the association of three education levels (junior high school, senior high school, and any college or higher education) with dentition status. The proportion of subjects with 20 or more teeth (P < 0.001), number of teeth present (P = 0.037), number of filled teeth (P = 0.016), and two types of functional tooth units (FTUs): FTUs with natural teeth (n-FTUs) (P < 0.001) and FTUs with natural teeth and artificial teeth on implant-supported and fixed prostheses (nif-FTUs) (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with education level after adjusting for confounders. The significant trend of these values in dental indexes indicated a poorer dentition status with a lower education level. The results suggest that the level of education has an independent impact on dentition status in a group of Japanese adults, even after taking into account oral health-related factors. Therefore, providing appropriate oral health information from an early age within a compulsory school education program appears necessary to enhance health literacy and lessen the inequalities in dental health by educational level. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

Handpiece speed and postoperative outcomes in third molar surgery.

PubMed

Campbell, John H; Murray, R Anthony

2004-01-01

This study was performed to assess surgical outcomes when externally irrigated slow-speed surgical handpieces (30,000 rpm) were compared to externally irrigated high-speed handpieces (90,000 rpm) in the removal of impacted lower third molar teeth. One hundred patients with bilater ally impacted third molar s were enrolled in the study; 53 remained to completion. Each patient served as his/her own control. The experimental side was treated using a 30,000 rpm electric rotary drill incorporating irrigation, while the control side was treated using the same drill system, but with a 90,000 rpm handpiece. Drill speeds used were alternated between the right and left sides of patients to avoid bias introduced by the dominant hand of the surgeon. Patients were blinded to drill speed, and were asked to complete a standardized pain/swelling questionnaire for seven days immediately following surgery. Data was analyzed to determine differences in pain, swelling, and complications in relation to the drill type used. No statistically significant differences were found in degree of pain, swelling, or complications when the slower drill was compared to the high-speed instrument. The study suggests that there is no difference in postoperative outcome when impacted third molar teeth are removed with either slow- or high-speed instrumentation, and that the choice of the drill type should be determined solely by the preference of the operator.

[Combined surgical-orthodontic therapy for compound odontoma].

PubMed

Dukić, Walter; Kuna, Tihomir; Lapter-Varga, Marina; Jurić, Hrvoje; Lulić-Dukić, Olga

2007-09-01

Odontogenic tumor is a rare condition in dental medicine that mostly proceeds unrecognized until the occurrence of clinical symptoms such as delayed eruption, or is incidentally detected on routine x-ray examination. The exact cause is not known, however, previous dental trauma and infection have been postulated as the potential factors in the development of odontogenic tumor. The earliest possible operative extirpation of the tumorous growth is recommended to eliminate permanent tooth impaction and to enable normal growth of the teeth. In some cases, corticotomy, including complete removal of the bony coat of the tooth, may be needed to additionally facilitate and precipitate its eruption. Orthodontic therapy is also of great importance in correct alignment of the teeth 'n the dental arch as well as in the management of other anomalies that may be associated with odontogenic tumor. A patient with compound odontoma is presented, along with the course of combined surgical-orthodontic therapy. The patient reported previous intrusion trauma that had occurred at the age of 4 years, which may have been the potential factor in the development of odontoma. In this case, there was a massive odontogenic tumor which had compromised the growth of permanent teeth, and the growth impulse was almost at the end since the patient was 11 years old and the apexes of the upper incisors were partially closed. The first operation included complete removal of the tumorous mass that had interrupted spontaneous eruption of the upper permanent incisors. It did not result in immediate spontaneous tooth eruption, so an additional operation was needed. The objective of the second operative procedure was complete removal of the covering bone over the unerupted upper permanent incisors in order to eliminate the physical barrier to tooth growth and eruption. The objective of fixed orthodontic therapy was full eruption of the partially erupted upper incisors. After 16 months, the upper incisors were regularly located in the dental arch. In this case, orthodontic therapy had another objective, i.e. to ensure rotation of the first upper premolar, to provide space for the upper permanent canine eruption and to establish regular intercuspidation after upper second premolar hypodontia. In colclusion, combined operative and orthodontic therapy can be recommended irrespective of the stage of the impacted tooth development because any treatment to precipitate tooth eruption has favorable effects. Impacted teeth should always be provided all treatment options for faster eruption, as demonstrated in our case where a good clinical result was achieved within 2.5 years. The role of regular clinical and x-ray controls for assessment of the impacted tooth eruption should also be emphasized.

Retrospective evaluation of complete-arch fixed partial dentures connecting teeth and implant abutments in patients with normal and reduced periodontal support.

PubMed

Cordaro, Luca; Ercoli, Carlo; Rossini, Carlo; Torsello, Ferruccio; Feng, Changyong

2005-10-01

The clinical outcome of complete-arch fixed prostheses supported by implants and natural tooth abutments in patients with normal or reduced periodontal support has been reported by few studies, with controversial results. The purpose of this study was to report on the implant success rate, prosthetic complications, and the occurrence of tooth intrusion, when complete-arch fixed prostheses, supported by a combination of implants and teeth, were fabricated for patients with normal and reduced periodontal support. Nineteen patients with residual teeth that served as abutments were consecutively treated with combined tooth- and implant-supported complete-arch fixed prostheses and were retrospectively evaluated after a period varying from 24 to 94 months. Nine patients showed reduced periodontal support as a result of periodontal disease and treatment (RPS group), and 10 patients had normal periodontal support of the abutment teeth (more than 2/3 of periodontal support [NPS group]). Ninety implants and 72 tooth abutments were used to support 19 fixed partial dentures. Screw- and cement-retained metal-ceramic and metal-resin prostheses were fabricated with rigid and nonrigid connectors. Implant survival and success rates, occurrence of caries and tooth intrusion, and prosthetic complications were recorded. The number of teeth, implants, prosthetic units, fixed partial dentures, and nonrigid connectors were compared with a t test to assess differences between the 2 groups, while data for the occurrence of intrusions and prosthetic complications were compared with the Fisher exact test (alpha=.05). One of the 90 implants was lost (99% survival rate) over 24 to 94 months, while 3 implants showed more than 2 mm of crestal bone loss (96% success rate) over the same period. No caries were detected, but 5.6% (4/72) of the abutment teeth exhibited intrusion. Intrusion of abutment teeth was noted in 3 patients who had normal periodontal support (13% of teeth in NPS group) of the abutment teeth and was associated with nonrigid connectors. No intrusion of teeth was noted in the patients exhibiting reduced periodontal support regardless of the type of connector or when a rigid connector was used for either group. The number of intruded teeth was significantly greater in patients with intact periodontal support (P=.03). Complete-arch fixed prosthesis supported by implant and tooth abutments may be associated with intrusion of teeth with intact periodontal support when nonrigid connectors are used to join the implant- and tooth-supported sections of the prostheses. However, fixed partial dentures supported by implants and teeth with reduced periodontal support were not associated with tooth intrusion, regardless of the type of connectors used.

Do Autotransplanted Teeth Require Elective Root Canal Therapy? A Long-Term Follow-Up Case Series.

PubMed

Murtadha, Linda; Kwok, Jerry

2017-09-01

To determine the long-term survival and outcomes of 252 autotransplanted teeth with a novel root canal therapy (RCT) and follow-up protocol and to establish whether elective RCT after autotransplantation is routinely required for teeth with complete root formation. A retrospective analysis of 209 patients 10 to 58 years old, with a total of 252 autotransplants was carried out with a minimum observational period of 1 year and a maximum period of 29 years. Patients were reviewed at specified intervals. Only the teeth showing any radiographic or clinical signs of internal resorption (IR), external resorption (ER), or pulpal necrosis underwent RCT. A failure was considered the loss or extraction of the autotransplanted tooth. Ten of the 252 autotransplants constituted failures, with 249, 190, 155, 97, 70, and 35 teeth surviving at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 10 years, respectively; the remainder were lost to follow-up. Eighteen percent of teeth (n = 46) showed radiographic signs of IR, ER, and apical pathology (AP). Most cases of ER were observed by 3 years (18 of 28 teeth) and then at 5 to -8 years. Only 3 teeth showed signs of IR, which were observed within 5 years. Most cases of AP were observed within the first year (8 of 15 teeth) and then at 3 to 6 years. Five teeth showed signs of pulp obliteration or sclerosis and did not require RCT, with a maximum period of 16 years after identification of sclerosis. Retrospective analysis of the data showed that 184 autotransplanted teeth had complete root formation and 68 had incomplete root formation at the time of autotransplantation. Of the teeth that were followed for at least 5 years, 59.3% had complete root formation with no signs of pathology and required no RCT. Despite the limitation of this long-term study of patients lost to follow-up, the results suggest that, with close monitoring, some autotransplanted teeth with complete root formation that do not undergo RCT could have the potential for revascularization. Hence, one could reconsider the protocol of routinely providing RCT after autotransplantation. Future long-term studies will be beneficial to assess the vascularity of autotransplanted teeth using Doppler flowmetry with a larger cohort of patients. Copyright © 2017 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. All rights reserved.

The prevalence of dental anomalies in the Western region of saudi arabia.

PubMed

Afify, Ahmed R; Zawawi, Khalid H

2012-01-01

Objective. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the prevalence of dental anomalies that could be a cause of malocclusion in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods. A retrospective study of 878 digital orthopantomograms (OPGs) taken of patients, age ranging between 12 and 30 years, who presented to treatment at the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between 2002 and 2011. The OPGs and dental records were reviewed for congenitally missing teeth, supernumerary teeth, impactions, ectopic eruption, transposition, germination, fusion, dilacerations, taurodontism, dens in dent, and any other unusual conditions that can be assessed with OPG. Results. The prevalence of patient that exhibited at least one dental anomaly was 396 (45.1%) patients. The prevalence of congenitally missing teeth was 226 (25.7%), impacted teeth 186 (21.1%), dilacerated teeth 10 (1.1%), supernumerary teeth 3 (0.3%), odontoma 1 (0.1%), and taurodontism was also 1 case (0.1%) of the total radiographs reviewed. Conclusions. Congenitally missing teeth were found to be the most prevalent anomaly (25.7%), and the second frequent anomaly was impacted teeth (21.1%), whereas root dilacerations, supernumerary teeth, and taurodontism were the least frequent anomalies (1.1%, 0.3% and 0.1%, resp.).

Effect of palatal form on movement of teeth during processing of complete denture prosthesis: An in-vitro study.

PubMed

Babu, Sumanth; Manjunath, Shaurya; Vajawat, Mayuri

2016-01-01

The aim of this in-vitro study was to assess the influence of shallow and deep palatal forms on the movement of teeth during the processing of complete denture prosthesis. Maxillary casts with shallow and deep palatal forms were selected and duplicated to make 10 casts of each palatal form. Base plates were constructed and teeth were arranged in their anatomic positions. Metal pins with true apex were placed on the central groove of the right and left first molars and one on the incisive papilla area as a reference point. Casts were scanned using i-CAT Vision Q 1.9 (i-CAT cone beam 3D dental imaging system by Imaging Sciences International, PA, USA), which has 360° rotational tomography. The distances between the apices of metallic pin inserts on the teeth and fitted point of reference were recorded in buccopalatal axes at waxed up stage, after deflasking, and after finishing and polishing. Results showed a statistically significant movement of teeth in shallow and deep palatal forms during all stages of complete denture processing. In shallow palatal form dentures, there was a significant tooth movement in palatal direction between Stages 1 and 2 (P ≤ 0.05) and buccal movement between Stages 2 and 3. In deep palatal form dentures, teeth showed a statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) movement in buccal direction during all stages of denture processing. Teeth showed significant movement during processing of acrylic resin dentures. Overall, the movement of teeth in shallow palatal form dentures was in palatal direction, whereas in deep palatal form dentures, the movement of teeth was in buccal direction.

Impacted maxillary canines and root resorption of adjacent teeth: A retrospective observational study.

PubMed

Guarnieri, R; Cavallini, C; Vernucci, R; Vichi, M; Leonardi, R; Barbato, E

2016-11-01

The prevalence of impacted maxillary canine is reported to be between 1% and 3%. The lack of monitoring and the delay in the treatment of the impacted canine can cause different complications such as: displacement of adjacent teeth, loss of vitality of neighbouring teeth, shortening of the dental arch, follicular cysts, canine ankylosis, recurrent infections, recurrent pain, internal resorption of the canine and the adjacent teeth, external resorption of the canine and the adjacent teeth, combination of these factors. An appropriate diagnosis, accurate predictive analysis and early intervention are likely to prevent such undesirable effects. The objective is to evaluate, by means of a retrospective observational study, the possibility of carrying out a predictive analysis of root resorption adjacent to the impacted canines by means of orthopantomographs, so as to limit the prescription of additional 3D radiography. 120 subjects with unilateral or bilateral maxillary impacted canine were examined and 50 patients with 69 impacted maxillary canine (22 male, 28 female; mean age: 11.7 years) satisfied the inclusion criteria of the study. These patients were subjected to a basic clinical and radiographic investigation (orthopantomographs and computerized tomography). All panoramic films were viewed under standardized conditions for the evaluation of two main variables: maxillary canine angulations (a, b, g angles) and the overlapping between the impacted teeth and the lateral incisor (Analysis of Lindauer). Binary logistic regression was used to estimate the likelihood of resorbed lateral incisors depending on sector location and angle measurements. Results indicated that b angle has the greatest influence on the prediction of root resorption (predictive value of b angle = 76%). If β angle <18° and Lindauer = I, the probability of resorption is 0.06. Evaluation of b angle and superimposition lateral incisor/impacted canine analysed on orthopantomographs could be one of the evaluation criteria for prescribing second level examination (CT and CTCB) and for detecting root resorption of impacted maxillary canine adjacent teeth.

The Effect of Cavity Design on Fracture Resistance and Failure Pattern in Monolithic Zirconia Partial Coverage Restorations - An In vitro Study.

PubMed

Harsha, Madhavareddy Sri; Praffulla, Mynampati; Babu, Mandava Ramesh; Leneena, Gudugunta; Krishna, Tejavath Sai; Divya, G

2017-05-01

Cavity preparations of posterior teeth have been frequently associated with decreased fracture strength of the teeth. Choosing the correct indirect restoration and the cavity design when restoring the posterior teeth i.e., premolars was difficult as it involves aesthetic, biomechanical and anatomical considerations. To evaluate the fracture resistance and failure pattern of three different cavity designs restored with monolithic zirconia. Human maxillary premolars atraumatically extracted for orthodontic reasons were chosen. A total of 40 teeth were selected and divided into four groups (n=10). Group I-Sound teeth (control with no preparation). Group II-MOD Inlay, Group III-Partial Onlay, Group IV-Complete Onlay. Restorations were fabricated with monolithic partially sintered zirconia CAD (SAGEMAX- NexxZr). All the 30 samples were cemented using Multilink Automix (Ivoclar) and subjected to fracture resistance testing using Universal Testing Machine (UTM) (Instron) with a steel ball of 3.5 mm diameter at crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/minute. Stereomicroscope was used to evaluate the modes of failure of the fractured specimen. Fracture resistance was tested using parametric one way ANOVA test, unpaired t-test and Tukey test. Fracture patterns were assessed using non-parametric Chi-square test. Group IV (Complete Onlay) presented highest fracture resistance and showed statistical significant difference. Group II (MOD Inlay) and Group III (Partial Onlay) showed significantly lower values than the Group I (Sound teeth). However, Groups I, II and III presented no significant difference from each other. Coming to the modes of failure, Group II (MOD Inlay) and Group III (Partial Onlay) presented mixed type of failures; Group IV (Complete Onlay) demonstrated 70% Type I failures. Of the three cavity designs evaluated, Complete Onlay had shown a significant increase in the fracture resistance than the Sound teeth.

Patient ratings of chewing ability from a randomised crossover trial: lingualised vs. first premolar/canine-guided occlusion for complete dentures.

PubMed

Heydecke, Guido; Akkad, Ahmed Shadi; Wolkewitz, Martin; Vogeler, Michael; Türp, Jens C; Strub, Joerg R

2007-06-01

Complex procedures involving a facebow transfer and the use of lingualised teeth are deemed to have a positive influence on the chewing ability with complete dentures. To determine if patients' ratings of their ability to chew depend on the method of complete denture fabrication. Edentulous patients (n = 20) participated in a within-subject crossover trial. Each patient received two sets of new complete dentures. One pair was manufactured based on intraoral tracing of centric relation and facebow transfer; semi-anatomical teeth with lingualised occlusion denture (LOD) were chosen. The second pair was made using a simplified procedure without facebow transfer; jaw relations were recorded with wax occlusion rims, and anatomical teeth with a first premolar/canine-guidance (CGD) were selected. The dentures were delivered in randomised order, and each was worn for 3 months. Three months after delivery, patients' ratings of each new prosthesis were recorded on visual analogue scales for their ability to chew seven index foods. Repeated measurements analysis of variance was performed to investigate possible carry-over effects accounting for confounding by treatment period. When comparing the two treatments, participants rated their ability to chew in general, to masticate carrots, hard sausage, steak and raw apple in particular, was significantly better with the CGD (anatomical teeth) than with the LOD (p < 0.05). Comprehensive methods for the fabrication of complete dentures including semi-anatomical lingualised teeth and a full registration do not seem to influence the perceived chewing ability, when compared with more simple procedures. Chewing ability for tough foods appears to benefit from the use of anatomical teeth.

Impact of resin bonded bridgework on quality of life of patients with hypodontia.

PubMed

Anweigi, Lamyia; Finbarr Allen, P; Ziada, Hassan

2013-08-01

To determine the impact of hypodontia on the quality of life of adolescent and young adult patients, and, to assess the impact of restoring tooth spaces with resin bonded bridgework on quality of life of patients with hypodontia. In a prospective study, 82 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of hypodontia participated. The primary outcome was oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) and this was measured using the OHIP-49 prior to treatment. The pre-treatment sample was then divided into two groups: the test group (n=40 patients) who had completed orthodontic treatment and had tooth spaces restored with resin bonded bridgework, and, a control group (n=42 patients) who were still in the process of orthodontic treatment. All patients completed a follow-up OHIP-49, and between and within group comparisons made. The pre-treatment sample included 43 females and 39 males, age ranged from 16 to 34 years (median age 19). Forty-three patients had more than 4 congenitally missing teeth and thirty-nine had ≤ 4 congenitally missing teeth. There were no differences between the groups prior to treatment. For the test group, there was a significant improvement in median OHIP summary scores (p<0.001) after treatment. OHIP scores deteriorated to a significant degree for control subjects (p=0.002). The effect sizes for the pre-post treatment change in both groups were moderate to large. Hypodontia has a significant impact on oral health related quality of life. Provision of resin bonded bridges has a positive impact on oral health related quality of life of patients with hypodontia. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Impacted tooth

MedlinePlus

... a tooth that does not break through the gum. ... Teeth start to pass through the gums (emerge) during infancy. This happens again when permanent teeth replace the primary (baby) teeth. If a tooth does not come in, or ...

The prognosis of root canal therapy: a 10-year retrospective cohort study on 411 patients with 1175 endodontically treated teeth.

PubMed

Fonzar, Federica; Fonzar, Alberto; Buttolo, Piercarlo; Worthington, Helen V; Esposito, Marco

2009-01-01

To evaluate the 10-year prognosis of consecutively endodontically treated or retreated teeth and to investigate some of the prognostic factors which could predict the long-term outcome of endodontic therapy. This retrospective cohort study included any patient who had endodontically treated or retreated teeth from 1986 to 1998 by a single operator in a private practice. Outcome measures were clinical and radiographic success assessed by the operator, radiographic success assessed by an independent outcome assessor and complications evaluated 10 years after treatment. Descriptive statistics, life table, Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses for success were fitted. A total of 411 patients with 1175 endodontically treated teeth were identified. Ten years after treatment 102 patients (24.8%) with 223 (19.0%) teeth were lost at the follow-up. The number of teeth that were originally treated and retreated were 704 and 471, respectively. Thirty-two teeth (2.7%) had one complication, which was successfully treated. A total of 988 (84.1%) teeth were considered a complete success, 46 (3.9%) a partial success, 52 (4.4%) a partial failure and 68 (5.8%) had to be extracted according to the treating clinician. For 21 teeth (1.8%) there was no follow-up information. The radiographic healing of 1086 teeth was evaluated by an independent assessor: 980 (90.2%) showed complete healing, 52 (4.8%) improvement, and 54 (5.0%) no change or worsening. The life-table analysis showed 93% of teeth surviving at 10 years after endodontic treatment. There were no differences for survival rates between teeth treated for the first time and those that were retreated (Kaplan-Meier). Teeth retreated because of symptoms or for a periapical/lateral radiolucency were more likely to fail. Approximately 7% of endodontically treated teeth were extracted 10 years after treatment. Symptoms and radiolucency of teeth needing retreatment may be important predictors for failure.

Nonsyndromic Bilateral Multiple Impacted Supernumerary Mandibular Third Molars: A Rare and Unusual Case Report

PubMed Central

Reddy, G. Siva Prasad; Reddy, G. V.; Krishna, I. Venkata; Regonda, Shravan Kumar

2013-01-01

A supernumerary tooth is that which is present additionally to the normal series and can be found in any region of the dental arch. An impacted tooth is defined as the one which is embedded in the alveolus, so that its eruption is prevented, or the tooth is locked in position by bone or the adjacent teeth. The occurrence of multiple supernumerary teeth in only one patient in the absence of an associated systemic condition or syndrome is considered as a rare phenomenon. The occurrence of supernumerary teeth in the lower molar region is rare. A prevalence of less than 2% of cases occurring in this region has been estimated. Their occurrence presents a clinical problem for orthodontists and oral surgeons. The cause, frequency, complications, and surgical operation of impacted teeth are always interesting subjects for study and research. An impacted tooth can result in caries, pulp disease, periapical and periodontal disease, temporomandibular joint disorder, infection of the fascial space, root resorption of the adjacent tooth, and even oral and maxillofacial tumours. The management of impacted wisdom teeth has changed over the past 20 years from removal of nonsymptomatic third molars to simple observation. The aim of this paper is to present a rare case of bilateral multiple impacted supernumerary mandibular third molars. PMID:23476818

Supernumerary impacted teeth in a patient with SOX2 anophthalmia syndrome.

PubMed

Numakura, Chikahiko; Kitanaka, Sachiko; Kato, Mitsuhiro; Ishikawa, Shigeo; Hamamoto, Yoshioki; Katsushima, Yuriko; Kimura, Toshiyuki; Hayasaka, Kiyoshi

2010-09-01

SOX2 anophthalmia syndrome characteristically presents as anophthalmia or microphthalmia, with various extraocular symptoms, such as hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, brain anomaly, and esophageal abnormalities. In this report, we describe a patient with SOX2 anophthalmia syndrome complicated with a dental anomaly, multiple supernumerary impacted teeth, and persistence of deciduous teeth. Multiple supernumerary teeth are usually not solitary symptoms, but indicate systemic syndrome such as cleidocranial dysplasia. In odontogenesis, many transcriptional factors, such as BMPs, FGFs, and Wnts, play significant roles and SOX2 is known to interact with some of them. The role of SOX2 in dental development remains unknown, however, multiple supernumerary teeth can be considered as extraocular symptoms of SOX2 anophthalmia syndrome, rather than the coincidence of two rare diseases.

To Evaluate & Compare Retention of Complete Cast Crown in Natural Teeth Using Different Auxiliary Retentive Features with Two Different Crown Heights - An In Vitro Study.

PubMed

Vinaya, Kundapur; Rakshith, Hegde; Prasad D, Krishna; Manoj, Shetty; Sunil, Mankar; Naresh, Shetty

2015-06-01

To evaluate the retention of complete cast crowns in teeth with adequate and inadequate crown height and to evaluate the effects of auxiliary retentive features on retention form complete cast crowns. Sixty freshly extracted human premolars. They were divided into 2 major groups depending upon the height of the teeth after the preparation. Group1 (H1): prepared teeth with constant height of 3.5 mm and Group 2 (H2): prepared teeth with constant height of 2.5 mm. Each group is further subdivided into 3 subgroups, depending upon the retentive features incorporated. First sub group were prepared conventionally, second sub group with proximal grooves and third subgroups with proximal boxes preparation. Castings produced in Nickel chromium alloy were cemented with glass ionomer cement and the cemented castings were subjected to tensional forces required to dislodge each cemented casting from its preparation and used for comparison of retentive quality. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using Oneway ANOVA test. The results showed there was statistically significant difference between adequate (H1) and inadequate (H2) group and increase in retention when there was incorporation of retentive features compared to conventional preparations. Incorporation of retentive grooves was statistically significant compared to retention obtained by boxes. Results also showed there was no statistically significant difference between long conventional and short groove. Complete cast crowns on teeth with adequate crown height exhibited greater retention than with inadequate crown height. Proximal grooves provided greater amount of retention when compared with proximal boxes.

Timing and sequence of primary tooth eruption in children with cleft lip and palate

PubMed Central

KOBAYASHI, Tatiana Yuriko; GOMIDE, Márcia Ribeiro; CARRARA, Cleide Felício de Carvalho

2010-01-01

Objective To determine the timing and sequence of eruption of primary teeth in children with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate. Material and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies of the University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil, with a sample of 395 children (128 girls and 267 boys) aged 0 to 48 months, with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate Results Children with complete bilateral clefts presented a higher mean age of eruption of all primary teeth for both arches and both genders, compared to children without clefts. This difference was statistically significant for all teeth, except for the maxillary first molar. Mean age of eruption of most teeth was lower for girls compared to boys. The greatest delay was found for the maxillary lateral incisor, which was the eighth tooth of children with clefts of both genders. Analyzing by gender, the maxillary lateral incisor was the eighth tooth to erupt in girls and the last in boys. Conclusion The results suggest an interference of the cleft on the timing and sequence of eruption of primary teeth. PMID:20856997

Autogenous transplantation of teeth with complete root formation: two case reports.

PubMed

Teixeira, C S; Pasternak, B; Vansan, L P; Sousa-Neto, M D

2006-12-01

Autotransplantation is an alternative treatment for replacing lost teeth when suitable donor teeth are available. This paper presents two cases of successful autogenous tooth transplantation. Two third molars with complete root development were autogenously transplanted from their original sockets into new recipient sites on the same side of the mouth, one in the maxilla and one in the mandible. In both cases, the third molars were transplanted immediately after the first molar extractions. To provide better adaptation of the donor teeth, the recipient alveolar sites were remodelled using surgical burs. Semi-rigid splints were maintained for 45 and 15 days, respectively. Root canal treatment commenced one a week after transplantation and the canals were medicated with a calcium hydroxide paste before they were filled. Clinical and radiographic findings after 5 and 3 years of follow-up, respectively, are discussed in relation to the literature. Autogenous transplantation of teeth with complete root formation may be considered as a viable treatment option to conventional prosthetic and implant rehabilitation for both therapeutic and economic reasons. Careful surgical and endodontic procedure, together with careful case selection may lead to satisfactory aesthetic and functional outcomes.

Prevalence of Distal Caries in Mandibular Second Molar Due to Impacted Third Molar

PubMed Central

Alshahrani, Fatima Saeed; Alabsi, Wejdan Saad; Alqahtani, Zainab Ali; Hameed, Mohammad Shahul; Mustafa, Abdel Bagi; Alam, Tanveer

2017-01-01

Introduction A tooth is said to be impacted if it does not reach the occlusal plane even after two-thirds root formation. The aetiology of impacted teeth is varied and multi-factorial. Significant problems associated with impacted teeth include trismus, infection, cervical caries of second molars. Aim This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of distal caries in second molar teeth due to impacted third molars and to compare with similar studies conducted elsewhere. Materials and Methods Study included assessment of patients reporting between 2009 to 2014 for dental care at College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study which included a total of 6000 Orthopantomograms (OPGs). The data collected was decoded and entered into excel spread sheet. Descriptive analysis of the data was done and results were displayed as frequency table and graphs. Results A total of 979 patients had impacted third molars (16.31%). A total of 39% patient’s with impacted third molars had distal cervical caries in second molar. Mesioangular impaction was the most prominent type. This was closely followed by horizontal impaction causing distal caries in second molars. Age group between 21-28 years and male gender had the higher prevalence of distal caries in second molar teeth due to impacted third molars. Conclusion A total of 39% of the patients with impacted mandibular third molars had distal cervical caries in second molars. Mesioangular type, male gender, age group 21-28 years were the prominent factors associated with distal caries in second molar teeth due to impacted third molars. PMID:28511504

[Use of "gelatamp" colloidal silver gelatin sponge to prevent dry socket after extracting mandibular impacted teeth].

PubMed

Wang, Yao-zhong; Guan, Qun-li; Li, Ya-xin; Guo, Ji-lai; Jiang, Ling; Jia, Mu-yun; Deng, Yue

2013-02-01

To study the clinical effect of "gelatamp" colloidal silver gelatin sponge on preventing dry socket after extracting the mandibular impacted teeth. 1350 teeth extracted from 976 patients who needed to extract the mandibular impacted teeth were divided into group A, group B and group C randomly. "Gelatamp" colloidal silver gelatin sponge was implanted into alveolar socket after teeth extraction in group A, with absorbable gelatin sponge was implanted into alveolar socket in group B and nothing was implanted into alveolar socket in group C. The incidence of dry socket was observed, the data was analyzed using SPSS10.0 software package. The incidence of dry socket was 0.44% in group A, 2% in group B and 4.44% in group C. There was significant difference in the incidence of dry socket between group A and group C(P<0.01). There was also significant difference between group B and group C(P<0.05) and between group A and group B(P<0.05). The results demonstrate that "gelatamp" colloidal silver gelatin sponge can prevent the occurrence of dry socket after teeth extraction, which is of wide clinical use.

CAD/CAM fabricated complete dentures: concepts and clinical methods of obtaining required morphological data.

PubMed

Goodacre, Charles J; Garbacea, Antoanela; Naylor, W Patrick; Daher, Tony; Marchack, Christopher B; Lowry, Jean

2012-01-01

The clinical impression procedures described in this article provide a method of recording the morphology of the intaglio and cameo surfaces of complete denture bases and also identify muscular and phonetic locations for the prosthetic teeth. When the CAD/CAM technology for fabricating complete dentures becomes commercially available, it will be possible to scan the denture base morphology and tooth positions recorded with this technique and import those data into a virtual tooth arrangement program where teeth can be articulated and then export the data to a milling device for the fabrication of the complete dentures. A prototype 3-D tooth arrangement program is described in this article that serves as an example of the type of program than can be used to arrange prosthetic teeth virtually as part of the overall CAD/CAM fabrication of complete dentures. Copyright © 2012 The Editorial Council of the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Use of cantilever mechanics for impacted teeth: case series.

PubMed

Paduano, Sergio; Spagnuolo, Gianrico; Franzese, Gerardo; Pellegrino, Gioacchino; Valletta, Rosa; Cioffi, Iacopo

2013-01-01

This paper describes the orthodontic treatment, and the biomechanics of cantilevers for the impaction of permanent teeth in youngs, adolescents, and adults. In these case series, multibracket straightwire fixed appliances, together with cantilever mechanics, were used to treat the impaired occlusion.

Use of Cantilever Mechanics for Impacted Teeth: Case Series

PubMed Central

Paduano, Sergio; Spagnuolo, Gianrico; Franzese, Gerardo; Pellegrino, Gioacchino; Valletta, Rosa; Cioffi, Iacopo

2013-01-01

This paper describes the orthodontic treatment, and the biomechanics of cantilevers for the impaction of permanent teeth in youngs, adolescents, and adults. In these case series, multibracket straightwire fixed appliances, together with cantilever mechanics, were used to treat the impaired occlusion. PMID:24511332

Abnormalities of tooth development in pituitary dwarfism.

PubMed

Kosowicz, J; Rzymski, K

1977-12-01

Roentgenographic studies of the jaws and teeth in a group of forty-eight pituitary dwarfs showed the following abnormalities in the development of the teeth: 1. Delayed shedding of the deciduous teeth. 2. Absence of resorption of the roots of the deciduous teeth at the usual time. 3. Marked delay in eruption of the permanent teeth. 4. Retention of permanent teeth in the maxillary and mandibular shafts. 5. Development of the apical parts of roots of the retained permanent teeth and their growth toward the lower mandibular edge. 6. Displacement of the first molars from the mandibular shaft to rami. 7. Tilting of some of the retained teeth. 8. Small size of the maxilla and mandible with overcrowding of the teeth in these bones. 9. Complete absence of buds of the wisdom teeth, even in patients in the fourth decade of life. 10. Stimulation of development and eruption of the teeth after administration of anabolic drugs. These abnormalities when present in combination depend on growth hormone deficiency since they do not occur in other types of dwarfism.

The retrieval of unerupted teeth in pedodontics: two case reports

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Introduction The retrieval of unerupted teeth in pedodontics is always significant to preserve the trophism of adjacent tissues, establish the correct space, provide adequate function and maintain good esthetics for the patient. The treatment plan is based on radiographic examinations and measurements, and on an accurate clinical evaluation; it aims to achieve the best treatment possible depending on the complexity of the specific case. In the most difficult clinical cases it is very important to have an early diagnosis, which is essential to plan the treatment and achieve success. In these cases, the pediatrician is in a strategic position to give an early diagnosis through a child’s medical history and by counting the child’s teeth. Case presentation This article presents two different difficult clinical cases of impacted teeth diagnosed during pediatric age, with a radiological analysis, and successfully treated with orthodontic devices designed for these specific cases. Clinical case 1 describes a 13-year-old Italian girl; clinical case 2 describes a 9-year-old Italian girl. The use of these devices achieved the desired treatment goals. The problems associated with impacted teeth and the biomechanical interventions used for these patients are discussed. Conclusions An early and careful diagnosis followed by an accurate treatment plan for the individual cases can lead to retrieval of the impacted teeth without affecting other anatomic structures and adjacent teeth. In these cases, the pediatrician is in a strategic position to give an early diagnosis through a child’s medical history and by counting the child’s teeth. PMID:25301242

Reality of Retainers

MedlinePlus

... or bruxism (say: BRUK-sih-zum), which is grinding your teeth while you sleep. Grinding stretches the muscles and joints in your mouth ... closing completely at night, which keeps you from grinding your teeth. Getting Fitted for and Wearing a ...

Diode Laser Clinical Efficacy and Mini-Invasivity in Surgical Exposure of Impacted Teeth.

PubMed

Migliario, Mario; Rizzi, Manuela; Lucchina, Alberta Greco; Renò, Filippo

2016-11-01

The gold standard to arrange impacted teeth in the dental arch is represented by a surgical approach followed by orthodontic traction force application. In the literature, many surgical approaches are proposed to reach such a scope. The aim of the present study is to demonstrate how laser technique could positively assist surgical approaches.Study population was composed by 16 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment of 20 impacted teeth. In 10 patients (population A) surgical exposure of the impacted teeth was performed using a 980 nm diode laser, while in the other 10 patients (population B), surgical incision was performed using a traditional lancet.Only 3 patients of the population A needed local anesthesia for surgical procedure while the remaining 7 patients reported only faint pain during surgery. Two patients referred postsurgical pain (numerical rating scale average value = 2) and needed to take analgesics. None of the patients showed other postsurgical side effects (bleeding, edema).All population B patients needed infiltrative anesthesia and referred postsurgical pain (numerical rating scale average value >4) treated with analgesics. Moreover, in such population, 4 patients referred lips edema while 4 showed bleeding and 6 needed surgical sutures of soft tissues.The lack of side effects of laser surgical approach to expose impacted teeth must persuade dental practitioners to choose such a clinical approach to closed surgical approach every time it is possible.

Single-visit endodontic treatment of mature teeth with chronic apical abscesses using mineral trioxide aggregate cement: a randomized clinical trial.

PubMed

Alsulaimani, Reem Siraj

2016-08-23

Mature teeth with chronic apical abscesses characterized by intermittent discharge of pus through an associated sinus tract. This communication between oral mucosa and periapical inflammation is challenging for the sealing ability of root canal obturation material. Therefore, the study aim was to compare the outcomes of endodontic treatment using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) cement to the conventional gutta-percha cone and root canal sealer as an obturation material in mature teeth with chronic apical abscesses. Mature teeth with chronic apical abscesses referred to our clinic for root canal treatment between 2010 and 2012 were treated in a single visit and distributed among treatment (T) and control (C) groups using a predetermined randomization block (TCTC). After chemo-mechanical preparation, teeth in group T received MTA cement mixed in a 0.26 water to powder ratio, and teeth group C received gutta-percha and root canal sealer using the warm vertical technique. The treatment outcomes were defined as obturation length, periapical healing, resorption of extruded material, and survival rate at least 2.5 years after treatment. Three endodontists blinded to the type of obturation material documented treatment outcomes. Statistical analysis at P < 0.05 was conducted to measure difference between the groups. Thirty-six teeth were treated between 2010 and 2012, and 32 teeth were evaluated in 2015. Complete periapical healing was observed in 87.5 % of MTA-treated teeth and 75.0 % of gutta-percha-treated teeth. Adequate obturation length was reported in 50.0 % of MTA-treated and 37.5 % of gutta-percha-treated teeth. Complete resorption of extruded material was evident in 83.3 % MTA-treated teeth and 100.0 % gutta-percha-treated teeth. The survival rate of MTA-treated teeth was 100 % at 3, and 5 years, while the survival rate of gutta-percha-treated teeth was 83.3 % at 3, and 5 years. There was no significant difference between the groups in term of periapical healing, survival rate, obturation length, or resorption of extruded material. The outcomes of single-visit endodontic treatment of mature teeth with chronic apical abscesses using MTA cement were better, but not statistically significant, compared to conventional treatment. ISRCTN15285974 . Registered retrospectively 23 June 2015.

Ultrathin CAD-CAM Ceramic Occlusal Veneers and Anterior Bilaminar Veneers for the Treatment of Moderate Dental Biocorrosion: A 1.5-Year Follow-Up.

PubMed

Resende, T H; Reis, K R; Schlichting, L H; Magne, P

2018-03-27

Dental biocorrosion can produce a devastating impact on oral health. The restorative phase of the treatment should not cause additional damage of the remaining sound tooth structure. Ultrathin occlusal veneers are a conservative alternative to traditional onlays and complete crowns for the treatment of severe biocorrosive lesions. This strategy is explained in the present case report through a full-mouth rehabilitation of a patient with moderate biocorrosion. Maxillary anterior teeth were restored using the bilaminar technique (lingual direct composite veneers with labial ceramic veneers) and posterior teeth using ultrathin CAD-CAM ceramic occlusal veneers. The technical aspects required for the implementation of this new restorative design are presented with a special emphasis on the control of tooth preparation based on diagnostic wax-up, provisionalization, and the use of CAD-CAM technology.

[DNA extraction from bones and teeth using AutoMate Express forensic DNA extraction system].

PubMed

Gao, Lin-Lin; Xu, Nian-Lai; Xie, Wei; Ding, Shao-Cheng; Wang, Dong-Jing; Ma, Li-Qin; Li, You-Ying

2013-04-01

To explore a new method in order to extract DNA from bones and teeth automatically. Samples of 33 bones and 15 teeth were acquired by freeze-mill method and manual method, respectively. DNA materials were extracted and quantified from the triturated samples by AutoMate Express forensic DNA extraction system. DNA extraction from bones and teeth were completed in 3 hours using the AutoMate Express forensic DNA extraction system. There was no statistical difference between the two methods in the DNA concentration of bones. Both bones and teeth got the good STR typing by freeze-mill method, and the DNA concentration of teeth was higher than those by manual method. AutoMate Express forensic DNA extraction system is a new method to extract DNA from bones and teeth, which can be applied in forensic practice.

[Overdenture supported by natural teeth: analysis of clinical advantages].

PubMed

Scotti, R; Melilli, D; Pizzo, G

2003-05-01

Hybrid prosthesis supported by natural teeth (overdenture) is widely used in clinical practice and should be executed whenever the clinical conditions suggest it. Through a critical review of the literature, the anatomical, functional, psychological and clinical advantages are emphasized. Among the first ones, the prophylaxis of residual anatomical components, due to the limitation of bone resorption, and the preservation of sensorial proprioception are relevant. Important advantages are also represented by a better crown-root ratio of residual teeth supporting overdenture, with the consequent improvement of the longitudinal prognosis of such teeth. The greater retention and stability of overdenture in comparison with complete denture greatly improve the masticatory efficacy. The psychological advantages resulting from the dental anchorage, which allows the patient to be more confident in social life, are also relevant. Finally, when the dental support is lost, converting overdenture into complete denture is simple and quick, and makes easier the longitudinal clinical maintenance of the denture.

The current status of vital tooth whitening techniques.

PubMed

Blankenau, R; Goldstein, R E; Haywood, V B

1999-08-01

Tooth whitening of vital teeth continues to have a major impact on the practice of dentistry. The growing public interest in having whiter, brighter teeth is clearly evident in the advertisements from toothpaste manufacturers on "whitening" formulations of their products and by the number of individuals seeking whitening procedures from their dentists. In addition, new over-the-counter whitening products continue to emerge in a marketplace that cannot seem to get teeth white enough, bright enough, fast enough. What new products and procedures have evolved over the past decade to whiten teeth? Are they better, safer, faster, and more effective now? Are dentists meeting public demand for whiter teeth and is this quest having a positive or negative impact on the practice of dentistry or the patient's dental health? I posed these questions to a group of experts on whitening procedures to get their opinions and recommendations.

Prevalence of dental anomalies in Indian population.

PubMed

Patil, Santosh; Doni, Bharati; Kaswan, Sumita; Rahman, Farzan

2013-10-01

Developmental anomalies of the dentition are not infrequently observed by the dental practitioner. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of dental anomalies in the Indian population. A retrospective study of 4133 panoramic radiographs of patients, who attended the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Jodhpur Dental College General Hospital between September 2008 to December 2012 was done. The ages of the patients ranged from 13 to 38 years with a mean age of 21.8 years. The orthopantomographs (OPGs) and dental records were examined for any unusual finding such as congenitally missing teeth, impactions, ectopic eruption, supernumerary teeth, odontoma, dilacerations, taurodontism, dens in dente, germination and fusion, among others. 1519 (36.7%) patients had at least one dental anomaly. The congenitally missing teeth 673 (16.3%) had the highest prevalence, followed by impacted teeth 641 (15.5%), supernumerary teeth 51 (1.2%) and microdontia 41 (1.0%). Other anomalies were found at lower prevalence ranging from transposition 7 (0.1%) to ectopic eruption 30 (0.7%). The most prevalent anomaly in the Indian population was congenitally missing teeth (16.3%), and the second frequent anomaly was impacted teeth (15.5%), whereas, macrodontia, odontoma and transposition were the least frequent anomalies, with a prevalence of 0.2%, 0.2% and 0.1% respectively. While the overall prevalence of these anomalies may be low, the early diagnosis is imperative for the patient management and treatment planning. Key words:Dental anomaly, prevalence, panoramic radiography.

Wisdom teeth: mankind's future third vice-teeth?

PubMed

Zou, DuoHong; Zhao, Jun; Ding, WangHui; Xia, LunGuo; Jang, XinQuan; Huang, YuanLiang

2010-01-01

The third molar teeth (wisdom teeth) represent the last eruption of the teeth in the human dentition. Throughout evolution, the mandible has had a tendency to decrease in size; the third molar teeth are often impacted, resulting in incomplete tooth eruption that often causes clinical pericoronitis, dental caries, and pericemental abscess. Therefore, the wisdom teeth are often extracted. Moreover, wisdom teeth are often removed for clinical orthodontic treatment. On the other hand, tooth loss due to periodontal disease, dental caries, trauma, or a variety of genetic disorders continues to affect people's lives. Autologous tissues for dental tissue regeneration that could replace lost teeth could provide a vital alternative to currently available clinical treatments. To pursue this goal, we hypothesize that human third molar tooth buds can be obtained during development. Human wisdom tooth germination tissue could then be placed into an embryonic stem cell bank for storage. When the donor's other teeth are missing, embryonic stem cell and tissue engineering technologies, will permit the restoration of the missing teeth. Therefore wisdom teeth will be mankind's future third vice-teeth.

Non-syndromic multiple supernumerary teeth in permanent dentition: a rare phenomenon

PubMed Central

Yadav, Rakesh Kumar; Rao, Jitendra; Yadav, Lakhya; Hasija, Mukesh

2013-01-01

Hyperdontia or supernumerary teeth in the absence of associated systemic condition or syndrome is an uncommon phenomenon. Non-syndromic supernumerary teeth need to have periodical radiographic observation. In the case of asymptomatic condition, as they impacted in the jaw, a careful examination is necessary because they may develop into pathological status such as dentigerous cysts. Surgical removal of such teeth is indicated if evidence of any pathologies, such as cystic lesion, resorption, delayed eruption, altered eruption and displacement of adjacent teeth, is evident or have occurred. PMID:23704431

Treatment of Mature Permanent Teeth with Necrotic Pulps and Apical Periodontitis Using Regenerative Endodontic Procedures: A Case Series.

PubMed

Saoud, Tarek Mohamed; Martin, Gabriela; Chen, Yea-Huey M; Chen, Kuang-Liang; Chen, Chao-An; Songtrakul, Kamolthip; Malek, Matthew; Sigurdsson, Asgeir; Lin, Louis M

2016-01-01

Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) are usually used to treat human immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulps and/or apical periodontitis. Successful REPs result in the elimination of clinical signs/symptoms, the resolution of apical periodontitis, and, in some cases, thickening of the canal walls and/or continued root development with or without apical closure. REPs can restore the vitality of tissue in the canals of immature permanent teeth previously destroyed by infection or trauma. Vital tissue is inherited with immune defense mechanisms to protect itself from foreign invaders. Recently, REPs have also been used to successfully treat human mature permanent teeth with necrotic pulps and apical periodontitis. The purpose of this case series was to present the potential of using REPs for mature permanent teeth with necrotic pulps and apical periodontitis. This case series consisted of 6 patients, 4 females and 2 males. The patients' ages ranged from 8-21 years old. Seven permanent teeth, 4 anterior and 3 molar teeth, with necrotic pulps and apical periodontitis were treated using REP. Radiographically, the root development of all teeth was almost completed except the apices of 2 molars, which showed slightly open. Complete chemomechanical debridement of the canals of the teeth was performed, and the canals were dressed with Metapaste (Meta Biomed Co, Ltd, Chungbuk, Korea) during treatment visits. Periapical bleeding into the canals was induced at the last treatment visit by placing a hand #20 or #25 K-file with the tip slightly bent through the apical foramina into the periapical tissues. A 3-mm thickness of mineral trioxide aggregate was placed into the coronal canals over semicoagulated blood. The access cavities were restored with either composite resin or amalgam. Follow-ups of the 7 teeth ranged from 8 to 26 months. The periapical lesions of 2 teeth were considered healed, and 5 teeth revealed healing. Clinical signs/symptoms were absent in all teeth at follow-up visits at different time points. None of the treated teeth responded to cold and electric pulp tests. This case series shows the potential of using REPs for mature teeth with necrotic pulp and apical periodontitis. Copyright © 2016 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Influence of Endodontic Treatment and Retreatment on the Fatigue Failure Load, Numbers of Cycles for Failure, and Survival Rates of Human Canine Teeth.

PubMed

Missau, Taiane; De Carlo Bello, Mariana; Michelon, Carina; Mastella Lang, Pauline; Kalil Pereira, Gabriel; Baldissara, Paolo; Valandro, Luiz Felipe; Souza Bier, Carlos Alexandre; Pivetta Rippe, Marília

2017-12-01

This study evaluated the effects of endodontic treatment and retreatment on the fatigue failure load, numbers of cycles for failure, and survival rates of canine teeth. Sixty extracted canine teeth, each with a single root canal, were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 15): untreated, teeth without endodontic intervention; prepared, teeth subjected only to rotary instrumentation; filled, teeth receiving complete endodontic treatment; and retreated, teeth retreated endodontically. After the different endodontic interventions, the specimens were subjected to fatigue testing by the stepwise method: 200 N (× 5000 load pulses), 300 N, 400 N, 500 N, 600 N, 800 N, and 900 N at a maximum of 30,000 load pulses each or the occurrence of fracture. Data from load to failure and numbers of cycles for fracture were recorded and subjected to Kaplan-Meier and Log Rank tests (P < .05), in addition to Weibull analysis. The fractures of the specimens were classified as repairable or catastrophic. The retreated, filled, and untreated groups presented statistically significantly higher fatigue failure loads and numbers of cycles for failure than did the prepared group. Weibull analysis showed no statistically significant difference among the treatments for characteristic load to failure and characteristic number of cycles for failure, although, for number of cycles, a higher Weibull modulus was observed in filled and retreated conditions. The predominant mode of failure was catastrophic. Teeth subjected to complete endodontic treatment and retreatment behaved similarly in terms of fatigue failure load and number of cycles to failure when compared with untreated teeth. Copyright © 2017 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Attachment retained overdentures: a report on their maintenance requirements.

PubMed

Shaw, M J

1984-07-01

Twenty-three patients who received attachment retained overdentures between 1964 and 1977 are reviewed. One third of the patients examined had carious abutment teeth, oral hygiene was poor, and periodontal disease prevalent. Overdentures opposed by natural teeth required more extensive prosthetic maintenance than overdentures opposed by a conventional complete denture. Three quarters of the teeth retaining the prostheses were functioning adequately after a mean period of 7 years.

Prevalence of Impacted Molar Teeth among Saudi Population in Asir Region, Saudi Arabia - A Retrospective Study of 3 Years.

PubMed

Syed, Kamran Bokhari; Zaheer, Kamran Bokhari; Ibrahim, Mohammed; Bagi, Mustafa Abdel; Assiri, Mohammed Abdullah

2013-02-01

To report the prevalence of impacted third molars according to the age, gender and type among Saudi population. This retrospective study involved 3800 panoramic radiographs of subjects aged 18 to 45 years who presented to the College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for oral care during the period from February 2009 to February 2011. Data collected was entered into a spreadsheet (Excel 2000; Microsoft, US) and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. A total of 713 impacted teeth were identified (18.76%) (p=0.003). The male to female ratio with impacted third molars was 604:109 (5.54:1) and the ratio of patients with impacted teeth was (5:1). Age group 1 (i.e., 20 to 25 years)had the highest prevalence of third molar tooth impaction (64.5%) and this decreased with increasing age. Incidence of tooth impaction is higher in the mandible than in maxilla. Males had a higher incidence of third molar impaction as compared to the females. Highest incidence is found in the age group of 20-25 years. Mesio-angular impaction was the most predominant type. How to cite this article: Syed KB, Kota Z, Ibrahim M, Bagi MA, Assiri MA. "Prevalence of Impacted Molar Teeth among Saudi Population in Asir Region, Saudi Arabia - A Retrospective Study of 3 Years". J Int Oral Health 2013; 5(1):43-47.

[Clinical relevance of tooth brushing in relation to dental caries].

PubMed

Pita-Fernández, Salvador; Pombo-Sánchez, Antonio; Suárez-Quintanilla, Juan; Novio-Mallón, Silvia; Rivas-Mundiña, Berta; Pértega-Díaz, Sonia

2010-07-01

To determine the impact and clinical relevance of tooth brushing on oral health. Prevalence study. Fontiñas Health Centre. (Santiago de Compostela, Spain). Prevalence study (n=281 children aged 5-14 years. Odontological examination according to WHO methodology, to determine the frequency of tooth brushing, frequency of sweet consumption and their impact on the prevalence of caries. Logistic regression and estimation of the relative prevalence difference (RPD) and the Number Needed to Treat in order to prevent one additional bad outcome (NNT). The children who never brush their teeth have a 40% (95% CI: 24.3%-57.8%) of early caries, while those who brush their teeth several times a day have 15.3% (95% CI: 9.4%-23.7%). An association between not brushing the teeth and caries in primary teeth (OR=2.3; 95% CI:1.05-5.3) was observed after adjusting for age, sweet consumption and visits to the dentist. The same occurred with final teeth (OR=3.9; 95% CI:1.4-10.3). The RPD was 62%(95% CI: 30%-79%), meaning that prevalence of caries is 62% lower in children who brush their teeth several times a day as compared to those who never brush their teeth. The NNT is 4 (95% CI: 2.4-14), so for every 4 children who brush their teeth several times a day, there is one less case of caries, compared to those who never brush their teeth. There is a dose-response relationship between prevalence of caries and brushing frequency. The same effect was observed with definitive caries: RPD=55% (95% CI:16%-76%), NNT=5 (95% CI:2.8-53.3). Tooth brushing is related to oral health, with a major clinical impact. The positive effect of tooth brushing was superior to that of a correct diet. 2009 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.

Periapical status and quality of root fillings in a selected adult Riga population.

PubMed

Jersa, Ilana; Kundzina, Rita

2013-01-01

The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of apical periodontitis and quality of root canal fillings in an adult Riga subpopulation. Panoramic radiographs of Latvian adults 35-44 year old attending a private dental clinic for the first time during the period of 2004-2008 were included in the study. Totally, 312 out of 1248 panoramic radiographs were randomly selected and examined for periapical conditions and endodontic treatment quality. The technical quality of root fillings was evaluated in terms of length in relation to the root apex and lateral adaptation to the canal wall. The periapical status was assessed using the PAI index. The data were analyzed using SPSS 14 computer software program. Statistical significance was assessed by the chi-squared (Pearson's) test. Out of the 312 individuals examined 224 (72%) had one or more teeth with apical periodontitis (PAI 3-5) and 272 individuals (87%) had one or more endodontically treated teeth. Amongst 7065 teeth evaluated 1255 (18%) were endodontically treated. Only 285 teeth (23%) of the root canal treated teeth were with complete root canal fillings. There was a statistically significant relationship between quality of root canal fillings and apical periodontitis (p<0.0001). In teeth with complete fillings only 15% were with apical periodontitis, but apical periodontitis were detected in 342 teeth (35%) with incomplete root fillings. The results from this study indicates a high prevalence of apical periodontitis and low quality of root fillings in a selected adult Riga population.

Cuspal reinforcement in endodontically treated molars.

PubMed

Uyehara, M Y; Davis, R D; Overton, J D

1999-01-01

This in vitro study compared the ability of horizontal pins and a dental adhesive to reinforce the facial cusps of endodontically treated mandibular molars. Seventy-two mandibular molars were divided into six groups and mounted in acrylic blocks (n = 12). In Groups 1-5 standardized endodontic access and instrumentation in the coronal one-third of each root canal were completed. In Groups 1-4 the lingual cusps were reduced, leaving the buccal cusps intact. The facial cusps of the teeth in each group received one of the following modes of reinforcement: Group 1--no reinforcement; Group 2--dentin adhesive (Amalgambond Plus); Group 3--two horizontal TMS Minim pins; Group 4--two horizontal TMS Minim pins and Amalgambond Plus. Teeth in Group 5 were prepared for and restored with a complete cuspal coverage amalgam restoration using four vertical TMS Minim pins. Group 6 consisted of intact natural teeth. Using an Instron Universal Testing Machine, the lingual slope of the facial cusp of each specimen was loaded to failure using a compressive force applied at an angle 60 degrees to the long axis of the tooth. The mean fracture strengths for all groups were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls multiple range test (alpha = 0.05). Fracture patterns and modes of failure were also evaluated. The intact teeth (Group 6) were significantly more fracture resistant than all other groups, with the exception of Group 4 (combination of pins and adhesive). Group 1 (non-reinforced teeth) was significantly weaker than all other groups. Groups 2-4 (specimens with reinforced cusps) were not significantly different from each other. The use of horizontal pins or a combination of horizontal pins plus dentin adhesive for cuspal reinforcement resulted in significantly more teeth demonstrating favorable fracture patterns than did the use of adhesives alone. The buccal cusps of endodontically treated mandibular molars reinforced with a combination of horizontal pins and dentin adhesive were not significantly weaker than intact teeth. Of the restored teeth, those which had buccal cusps reinforced with horizontal pins and those treated with complete cuspal coverage amalgam restorations exhibited the most favorable restorative prognosis following cusp fracture.

Teeth Tales: a community-based child oral health promotion trial with migrant families in Australia

PubMed Central

Gibbs, Lisa; Waters, Elizabeth; Christian, Bradley; Gold, Lisa; Young, Dana; de Silva, Andrea; Calache, Hanny; Gussy, Mark; Watt, Richard; Riggs, Elisha; Tadic, Maryanne; Hall, Martin; Gondal, Iqbal; Pradel, Veronika; Moore, Laurence

2015-01-01

Objectives The Teeth Tales trial aimed to establish a model for child oral health promotion for culturally diverse communities in Australia. Design An exploratory trial implementing a community-based child oral health promotion intervention for Australian families from migrant backgrounds. Mixed method, longitudinal evaluation. Setting The intervention was based in Moreland, a culturally diverse locality in Melbourne, Australia. Participants Families with 1–4-year-old children, self-identified as being from Iraqi, Lebanese or Pakistani backgrounds residing in Melbourne. Participants residing close to the intervention site were allocated to intervention. Intervention The intervention was conducted over 5 months and comprised community oral health education sessions led by peer educators and follow-up health messages. Outcome measures This paper reports on the intervention impacts, process evaluation and descriptive analysis of health, knowledge and behavioural changes 18 months after baseline data collection. Results Significant differences in the Debris Index (OR=0.44 (0.22 to 0.88)) and the Modified Gingival Index (OR=0.34 (0.19 to 0.61)) indicated increased tooth brushing and/or improved toothbrushing technique in the intervention group. An increased proportion of intervention parents, compared to those in the comparison group reported that they had been shown how to brush their child's teeth (OR=2.65 (1.49 to 4.69)). Process evaluation results highlighted the problems with recruitment and retention of the study sample (275 complete case families). The child dental screening encouraged involvement in the study, as did linking attendance with other community/cultural activities. Conclusions The Teeth Tales intervention was promising in terms of improving oral hygiene and parent knowledge of tooth brushing technique. Adaptations to delivery of the intervention are required to increase uptake and likely impact. A future cluster randomised controlled trial would provide strongest evidence of effectiveness if appropriate to the community, cultural and economic context. Trial registration number Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12611000532909). PMID:26068509

Dental anomalies associated with buccally- and palatally-impacted maxillary canines.

PubMed

Sajnani, Anand K; King, Nigel M

2014-08-01

The aim of the present study was to determine the association of both buccally- and palatally-impacted canines with other dental anomalies. This retrospective study was conducted on a population of 533 southern Chinese children and adolescents who had impacted maxillary canines that had been treated in the Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Clinic, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. Descriptions of the impacted canine and other associated anomalies were obtained from the case notes and radiographs. Clinical photographs and study casts were used, where available. A total of 253 (47.5%) patients with impacted maxillary canines were diagnosed with other dental anomalies. Microdontia was the most frequently-occurring anomaly reported in these patients, with the maxillary lateral incisor the most commonly affected tooth. Other odontogenic anomalies that were associated with both buccally- and palatally-impacted canines included hypodontia, supernumerary teeth, transposition of other teeth, enamel hypoplasia, other impacted teeth, and dens invaginatus. Both buccally- and palatally-impacted canines were found to be associated with other odontogenic anomalies. © 2013 Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

Histologic Outcomes of Uninfected Human Immature Teeth Treated with Regenerative Endodontics: 2 Case Reports.

PubMed

Nosrat, Ali; Kolahdouzan, Alireza; Hosseini, Farzaneh; Mehrizi, Ehsan A; Verma, Prashant; Torabinejad, Mahmoud

2015-10-01

A growing body of evidence exists showing the possibility of growing vital tissues in the root canal spaces of teeth with necrotic pulps and open apices. However, there is very limited histologic information regarding characteristics of tissues formed in the root canal space of human teeth after regenerative endodontics. The aim of this study was to examine clinically and histologically the outcomes of human immature teeth treated with regenerative endodontics. Two healthy birooted human maxillary first premolar teeth scheduled for extraction were included. Preoperative radiographs confirmed that these teeth had immature apices. Vitality tests showed the presence of vital pulps in these teeth. After receiving consent forms, the teeth were isolated with a rubber dam, and the pulps were completely removed. After the formation of blood clots in the canals, the teeth were covered with mineral trioxide aggregate. Four months later, the teeth were clinically and radiographically evaluated, extracted, and examined histologically. Both patients remained asymptomatic after treatment. Radiographic examination of the teeth showed signs of root development after treatment. Histologic examination of tissues growing into the root canal space of these teeth shows the presence of connective tissue, bone and cementum formation, and thickening of roots. Based on our findings, it appears that when canals of teeth with open apices are treated with regenerative endodontics, tissues of the periodontium grow into the root canals of these teeth. Copyright © 2015 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Accuracy of Digitally Fabricated Wax Denture Bases and Conventional Completed Complete Dentures.

PubMed

Stawarczyk, Bogna; Lümkemann, Nina; Eichberger, Marlis; Wimmer, Timea

2017-12-19

The purpose of this investigation was to analyze the accuracy of digitally fabricated wax trial dentures and conventionally finalized complete dentures in comparison to a surface tessellation language (STL)-dataset. A generated data set for the denture bases and the tooth sockets was used, converted into STL-format, and saved as reference. Five mandibular and 5 maxillary denture bases were milled from wax blanks and denture teeth were waxed into their tooth sockets. Each complete denture was checked on fit, waxed onto the dental cast, and digitized using an optical laboratory scanning device. The complete dentures were completed conventionally using the injection method, finished, and scanned. The resulting STL-datasets were exported into the three-dimensional (3D) software GOM Inspect. Each of the 5 mandibular and 5 maxillary complete dentures was aligned with the STL- and the wax trial denture dataset. Alignment was performed based on a best-fit algorithm. A three-dimensional analysis of the spatial divergences in x -, y - and z -axes was performed by the 3D software and visualized in a color-coded illustration. The mean positive and negative deviations between the datasets were calculated automatically. In a direct comparison between maxillary wax trial dentures and complete dentures, complete dentures showed higher deviations from the STL-dataset than the wax trial dentures. The deviations occurred in the area of the teeth as well as in the distal area of the denture bases. In contrast, the highest deviations in both the mandibular wax trial dentures and the mandibular complete dentures were observed in the distal area. The complete dentures showed higher deviations on the occlusal surfaces of the teeth compared to the wax dentures. Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-fabricated wax dentures exhibited fewer deviations from the STL-reference than the complete dentures. The deviations were significantly greater in the vicinity of the denture teeth area and the bases. The conventional transfer of CAD/CAM-fabricated wax dentures into acrylic resin leads to the highest deviations from the STL-reference.

Impact of cannabis sativa (marijuana) smoke on alveolar bone loss: a histometric study in rats.

PubMed

Nogueira-Filho, Getulio R; Todescan, Sylvia; Shah, Adnan; Rosa, Bruno T; Tunes, Urbino da R; Cesar Neto, Joao B

2011-11-01

Cannabis sativa (marijuana) can interfere with bone physiopathology because of its effect on osteoblast and osteoclast activity. However, its impact on periodontal tissues is still controversial. The present study evaluates whether marijuana smoke affects bone loss (BL) on ligature-induced periodontitis in rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were used in the study. A ligature was placed around one of the mandible first molars (ligated teeth) of each animal, and they were then randomly assigned to one of two groups: control (n = 15) or marijuana smoke inhalation ([MSI] for 8 minutes per day; n = 15). Urine samples were obtained to detect the presence of tetrahydrocannabinol. After 30 days, the animals were sacrificed and decalcified sections of the furcation area were obtained and evaluated according to the following histometric parameters: bone area (BA), bone density (BD), and BL. Tetrahydrocannabinol was positive in urine samples only for the rats of the MSI group. Non-significant differences were observed for unligated teeth from both groups regarding BL, BA, and BD (P >0.05). However, intragroup analysis showed that all ligated teeth presented BL and a lower BA and BD compared to unligated teeth (P <0.05). The intergroup evaluation of the ligated teeth showed that the MSI group presented higher BL and lower BD (P <0.05) compared to ligated teeth from the control group. Considering the limitations of this animal study, cannabis smoke may impact alveolar bone by increasing BL resulting from ligature-induced periodontitis.

CAD/CAM complete dentures: a review of two commercial fabrication systems.

PubMed

Kattadiyil, Mathew T; Goodacre, Charles J; Baba, Nadim Z

2013-06-01

The use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) has become available for complete dentures through the AvaDent and Dentca systems. AvaDent uses laser scanning and computer technology. Teeth are arranged and bases formed using proprietary software.The bases are milled from prepolymerized pucks of resin. Dentca uses computer software to produce virtual maxillary and mandibular edentulous ridges, arrange the teeth and form bases. The dentures are fabricated using a conventional processing technique.

Use of a Piezosurgery Technique to Remove a Deeply Impacted Supernumerary Tooth in the Anterior Maxilla

PubMed Central

Sukegawa, Shintaro; Kanno, Takahiro; Kawakami, Kiyokazu; Shibata, Akane; Takahashi, Yuka; Furuki, Yoshihiko

2015-01-01

Deeply impacted supernumerary teeth in the anterior maxillary cannot be generally removed by the conventional labial or palatal surgical approach because of the risk of damaging the surrounding soft tissues and the possibility of injuring the roots of adjacent permanent teeth. In piezosurgery, bony tissues are selectively cut, thereby avoiding the soft tissue damage caused by rotary cutting instruments. We report the case of a 15-year-old Japanese boy from whom a deeply impacted supernumerary tooth in the anterior maxillary was safely removed through the floor of the nasal cavity. The surgical extraction was performed without damaging the nasal mucosa or adjacent structures such as the roots of the adjacent permanent teeth. Considering that piezosurgery limits the extent of surgical invasion, this technique can be practiced as a minimally invasive and safe surgical procedure for treating suitably selected cases with a deeply impacted supernumerary tooth. PMID:26779355

Food Impaction and Periodontal/Peri-Implant Tissue Conditions in Relation to the Embrasure Dimensions Between Implant-Supported Fixed Dental Prostheses and Adjacent Teeth: A Cross-Sectional Study.

PubMed

Jeong, Jin-Seok; Chang, Moontaek

2015-12-01

Food impaction and periodontal/peri-implant tissue conditions were evaluated in relation to the embrasure dimensions between implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) and adjacent teeth. A total of 215 embrasures of 150 FDPs in 100 patients (55 males and 45 females, aged 27 to 83 years; mean age: 56 years) were included in the study. Clinical assessments of the periodontal/peri-implant mucosal conditions, radiographic assessments of embrasure dimensions, and overall patient satisfaction were used as explanatory variables for the food impaction and periodontal/peri-implant tissue conditions adjacent to implant-supported FDPs in the generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis. Food impaction was reported in 96 (44.7%) of 215 embrasures between implant-supported FDPs and adjacent teeth. Food impaction was reported more frequently in the embrasures with proximal contact loss than in those with tight contact (P = 0.009). Overall patient satisfaction was influenced negatively by food impaction in the proximal embrasures (P = 0.01). Among embrasure dimensions, only the embrasure surface area (ESA) significantly influenced food impaction (P = 0.03). Significant influences of various embrasure dimensions on the periodontal/peri-implant mucosal conditions and bone level at the implant were found in the univariate and multivariate GEE analyses. Food impaction between implant-supported FDPs and adjacent teeth occurred more frequently when proximal contact was lost and ESA increased. Food impaction negatively affected overall patient satisfaction. Embrasure dimensions influenced the periodontal/peri-implant mucosal conditions and bone level at the implant.

Impact of dental pain on daily living of five-year-old Brazilian preschool children: prevalence and associated factors.

PubMed

Moure-Leite, F R; Ramos-Jorge, J; Ramos-Jorge, M L; Paiva, S M; Vale, M P; Pordeus, I A

2011-12-01

To assess the impact of dental pain on the daily living of 5-year-old preschool children using reports from parents/guardians. A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 549 five-year-old children randomly selected from preschools in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Data were collected using a previously validated parent-reported questionnaire. The children received dental examinations from a single calibrated examiner. The following outcome variables were selected: age, gender, dental caries, filled teeth, missing teeth, caries involving pulp and social class. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed on the data. According to parents' reports, 11.1% of children were affected by dental pain in the previous 4 months and of these 72.6% had their daily activities hampered by pain. The majority of these children had difficulty in eating, brushing teeth, sleeping, playing and going to school. The impact of dental pain had a statistically significant association with gender (p=0.001), social class (p=0.009), dental caries (p<0.001), missing teeth (p<0.001), filled teeth (p<0.001) and caries involving pulp (p<0.001). The prevalence of difficulties performing tasks of daily living due to dental pain was relatively high among the children studied.

[Study on the appropriate parameters of automatic full crown tooth preparation for dental tooth preparation robot].

PubMed

Yuan, F S; Wang, Y; Zhang, Y P; Sun, Y C; Wang, D X; Lyu, P J

2017-05-09

Objective: To further study the most suitable parameters for automatic full crown preparation using oral clinical micro robot. Its purpose is to improve the quality of automated tooth preparing for the system and to lay the foundation for clinical application. Methods: Twenty selected artificial resin teeth were used as sample teeth. The micro robot automatic tooth preparation system was used in dental clinic to control the picosecond laser beam to complete two dimensional cutting on the resin tooth sample according to the motion planning path. Using the laser scanning measuring microscope, each layer of cutting depth values was obtained and the average value was calculated. The monolayer cutting depth was determined. The three-dimensional (3D) data of the target resin teeth was obtained using internal scanner, and the CAD data of full-crown tooth preparation was designed by CAD self-develged software. According to the depth of the single layer, 11 complete resin teeth in phantom head were automatically prepared by the robot controlling the laser focused spot in accordance with the layer-cutting way. And the accuracy of resin tooth preparation was evaluated with the software. Using the same method, monolayer cutting depth parameter for cutting dental hard tissue was obtained. Then 15 extracted mandibular and maxillary first molars went through automatic full crown tooth preparation. And the 3D data of tooth preparations were obtained with intra oral scanner. The software was used to evaluate the accuracy of tooth preparation. Results: The results indicated that the single cutting depth of cutting resin teeth and in vitro teeth by picosecond laser were (60.0±2.6) and (45.0±3.6) μm, respectively. Using the tooth preparation robot, 11 artificial resin teeth and 15 complete natural teeth were automatically prepared, and the average time were (13.0±0.7), (17.0±1.8) min respectively. Through software evaluation, the average preparation depth of the occlusal surface of 11 resin teeth was approximately (2.089±0.026) mm, the error was about (0.089±0.026) mm; the average convergence angle was about 6.56°±0.30°, the error was about 0.56°±0.30°. Compared with the target preparation shape, the average shape error of the 11 resin tooth preparations was about 0.02-0.11 mm. And the average preparation depth of the occlusal surface of 15 natural teeth was approximately (2.097±0.022) mm, the error was about (0.097±0.022) mm; the average convergence angle was about 6.98°±0.35°, the error was about 0.98°±0.35°. Compared with the target preparation shape, the average shape error of the 15 natural tooth preparations was about 0.05-0.17 mm. Conclusions: The experimental results indicate that the automatic tooth preparation for resin teeth and the teeth were completed according to the specific parameters of the single cutting depth by the micro robot controlling picosecond laser respectively, its preparation accuracy met the clinical needs. And the suitability of the parameter was confirmed.

Longitudinal evaluation of the impact of dental caries treatment on oral health-related quality of life among schoolchildren.

PubMed

de Paula, Janice S; Sarracini, Karin L M; Meneghim, Marcelo C; Pereira, Antônio C; Ortega, Edwin M M; Martins, Natália S; Mialhe, Fábio L

2015-06-01

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of dental caries treatment on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among schoolchildren and the responsiveness of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ8-10 ) instrument. Brazilian schoolchildren, 8-10 yr of age, were randomly selected and assigned to two groups--dental caries treatment (DCT) and caries-free (CF)--according to their caries experience [decayed, missing, or filled primary teeth (dmft) and decayed, missing or filled secondary teeth (DMFT) values of ≥ 0]. The CPQ8-10 instrument was administered at baseline and at 4 wk of follow-up (i.e. 4 wk after completion of dental treatment). In the DCT group, increases in CPQ8-10 scores were observed between the baseline and follow-up results. However, longitudinal evaluation of the CF group demonstrated no statistically significant difference in CPQ8-10 scores. Responsiveness of the CPQ8-10 instrument (magnitude of change in CPQ8-10 scores) in the DCT group was greater (effect size >0.7) than in the CF group. The findings of this study show that dental caries treatment has an important impact on OHRQoL of children. The CPQ8-10 was considered an acceptable instrument for longitudinal measurement of changes in OHRQoL. © 2015 Eur J Oral Sci.

Assessment of Temporary Crown Extensions to Correct Linguoverted Mandibular Canine Teeth in 72 Client-Owned Dogs (2012-2016).

PubMed

Storli, Sigbjørn H; Menzies, Robert A; Reiter, Alexander M

2018-06-01

A search of the medical and dental records at Evidensia Lørenskog Dyreklinikk, in Lørenskog, Norway, was conducted to identify dogs that received temporary crown extensions (TCEs) to correct linguoverted mandibular canine (LMC) teeth over a 54-month investigation period (2012-2016). Criteria for inclusion into the study were the presence of complete medical and dental records, pre- and postoperative clinical photographs and intraoral radiographs of the affected canine teeth, adequate information pertaining to the procedures performed, and at least 1 follow-up >3 months after appliance removal. Seventy-two dogs with LMC teeth were treated with TCE. Thirty-nine breeds were represented in this study. Mean age at the time of appliance installation was 6.4 (range, 4.7-13.4 months [median, 5.9 months] months). Fifty-three (73.6%) dogs presented with class I malocclusion, 14 (19.5%) dogs with class II malocclusion, and 5 (6.9%) dogs with class III malocclusion. Twenty-five (34.7%) dogs were considered to have mild, 32 (44.4%) dogs to have moderate, and 15 (20.8%) dogs to have severe mandibular canine malocclusion. The TCE was combined with other treatment modalities (active orthodontics, extraction of nonstrategic teeth, gingivectomy, and inclined bite plane and ball therapy) to correct mandibular canine tooth malocclusions in 19 (26.4%) dogs. Fractured or detached crown extensions were seen in 9 (12.5%) dogs. Soft tissue ulceration or inflammation was seen in 7 (9.7%) dogs. The mandibular canine teeth occlusion resolved completely with self-retaining, functional, nontraumatic occlusion in 56 (77.8%) dogs. Fifteen dogs (20.8%) resolved with functional, nontraumatic occlusion, but the mandibular canine teeth were too short to be perfectly self-retained, thus left with 1- to 2-mm crown extensions for permanent retention. In 1 (1.4%) dog, both mandibular canine teeth relapsed almost back to original position. The results show that TCE is a viable treatment option to correct LMC teeth in young dogs.

[Effect of Yunnan Baiyao capsules on the socket healing of impacted mandibular third molar extraction].

PubMed

Zhang, Kai; Wang, Xing; Zhang, Wei; Zhao, Ji-zhi; Dong, Hui

2012-04-01

To investigate the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine Yunan Baiyao on the socket healing of impacted mandibular third molar extraction. A total of 200 patients requiring extractions of impacted mandibular wisdom teeth were randomized into the treatment group and the control group in a double-blinded manner, and Yunan Baiyao capsules or placebo capsules (2 g/d) were orally administered for 28 days after the operation. Dental quantitative CT scan was performed, and the volume and density of new bone at the extraction site were measured two month after operation. A total of 188 patients completed the study. No adverse events related to the medication occurred. The volume of new bone was (477.39 ± 166.47) mm(3) in the treatment group and (442.65 ± 143.58) mm(3) in the control group, which was not significantly different between the two groups. The density of new bone was (296.90 ± 37.94) mg/cm(3) in the treatment group and (298.54 ± 40.21) mg/cm(3) in the control group, which was not significantly different between the two groups. The number of the teeth root, the impacted conditions, whether or not retainning the alveolar septum, suturing soft tissues of the extraction site and blood clot formation within 1 week after operation were significantly correlated with the volume of new bone. Yunnan Baiyao capsules has no effect on the volume and density of new bone at the extraction site two months after operation following extractions of impacted mandibular third molars.

Orthodontic exposure of multiple lmpactions: a case report.

PubMed

Munda-Lacson, Maridin C; Venugopal, Adith

2014-01-01

There are rare cases of impacted permanent central incisors with dilacerations, a dental deformity characterized by pronounced angulations of the longitudinal tooth axis. Impaction of maxillary canines is an orthodontic anomaly that causes facial and dentoalveolar system problems, both functional and esthetic. A combination of surgery and orthodontics is important in bringing impacted teeth to their ideal position in the dental arch. This is a case report of a 10-year-old patient with impacted and dilacerated right central incisor and impacted left maxillary canine, following surgical exposure and appropriate orthodontic traction, the impacted teeth were surgically exposed and aligned into the dental arch.

A combined periodontal - prosthetic treatment approach to manage unusual gingival visibility in resting lip position and inversely inclined upper anterior teeth: a case report with discussion.

PubMed

Biniraj, K R; Janardhanan, Mahija; Sunil, M M; Sagir, Mohammed; Hariprasad, A; Paul, Tony P; Emmatty, Rishi

2015-03-01

Excessive gingival visibility during smile is a common esthetic complaint in dentistry, but excessive gingival visibility in resting lip position is relatively uncommon condition. Several exclusive radical to conservative surgical treatment or its combination with orthodontic therapy to treat this condition are within the reach of every patient nowadays. A case report of an excessive gingival visibility because of altered passive eruption along with inversely inclined maxillary anterior teeth is presented here. A relatively simple treatment approach combining periodontal and restorative therapy is used here to achieve the desirable aesthetic results. The gingival exposure resulting from altered passive eruption was completely managed by a gingivectomy, but the inclined appearance of teeth was still an aesthetic complaint. After complete healing of gingivectomy surgery, appropriately designed crowns were given to rectify the inversely inclined appearance. A complete rehabilitation of patient's smile could be achieved, the case was followed up for 3 years and the condition was found satisfactory.

A comparison between various radiological techniques in the localization and analysis of impacted and supernumerary teeth.

PubMed

Ziegler, Christoph M; Klimowicz, Thomas R

2013-01-01

An increasing number of different types of commercial cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) devices are available for three-dimensional (3D) imaging in the field of dental and maxillofacial radiology. When removing impacted or supernumerary teeth, surgical teams often operate adjacent significant anatomical structures such as nerves, vessels, adjacent teeth roots, and paranasal sinuses. It is therefore important to choose the appropriate surgical approach to avoid iatrogenic damage to the essential anatomical neighbouring structures. CBCT, also called digital volume tomography (DVT), can visualize impacted and supernumerary teeth in all standard planes, as well as multisectional 3D views. These devices have shown to be highly beneficial in the assessment of small bony lesions and maxillofacial injuries. However, it is still necessary to determine the effectiveness of such devices in the assessment of impacted and supernumerary teeth, in comparison to the conventional radiological methods of intraoral X-rays and panoramic X-rays. During a period of 2 years, a total of 61 patients of whom majority had impacted teeth or supernumerary elements in the frontal maxillary region were studied with CBCT and treated at the St. Olavs University Hospital. Patients were referred to our Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery with both conventional and digital intraoral X-rays and/or panoramic X-rays. None had any acute infections or odontogenic abscesses, and most presented with asymptomatic impacted tooth. A comparison between the preoperative conventional and the CBCT images, the resulting diagnoses, and the intraoperative findings as "gold standard" were made and recorded in a compiled scoring sheet. The objects of interest were researched with the magnification method. Each patient was identified only with a patient number. In contrast to the conventional X-rays, the pre-surgical evaluation with the CBCT revealed detailed imaging of significant anatomical structures and objects of interest, with highly accurate anatomical and morphologic imaging, when compared to the intraoperative findings. Furthermore, no diagnostic problems, in relation to the anatomical localization, occurred preoperatively. The CBCT provides true and precise anatomical information with high surgical predictability without distortion or artefacts, and is superior to conventional radiography. It enables more time-efficient surgeries and reduces costs and surgical complications.

Impact of the University of Colorado's Advanced Clinical Training and Service (ACTS) Program on dental students' clinical experience and cognitive skills, 1994-2006.

PubMed

Berg, Rob; Call, Richard L; Maguire, Kerry; Berkey, Douglas B; Karshmer, Bernard A; Guyton, Brad; Tawara-Jones, Karen

2010-04-01

The University of Colorado Denver School of Dental Medicine has operated a community-based dental education program for all of its students since 1985. A database of student productivity has been maintained in a standardized format, capable of multiyear compilation, since 1994. This study utilizes twelve years of these data to profile the type and amount of clinical treatment that can be provided by a typical fourth-year dental student during a 100-day community-based training experience. Between 1994 and 2006, the school's 423 graduates provided a mean of 922 treatment procedures per student at a mean of 498 patient visits per student. During a typical four-week clinical affiliation, each student provided a mean of approximately twenty-seven restorations on permanent teeth, sixteen restorations on primary teeth, and twenty-four oral surgery procedures (extractions). Students also gained considerable experience in periodontics, fixed and removable prosthodontics, and endodontics. Self-assessed competency ratings tended to increase after completing the program, as did willingness to treat underserved populations after graduation. About 16 percent of graduates reported planning to practice in the public sector after completing dental school. A community-based experience such as this appears to offer an opportunity to substantially augment dental students' clinical training experiences.

Two Body Wear of Newly Introduced Nanocomposite Teeth and Cross Linked Four Layered Acrylic Teeth: a Comparitive In Vitro Study.

PubMed

Ilangkumaran, R; Srinivasan, J; Baburajan, K; Balaji, N

2014-12-01

Wear of complete denture teeth results in compromise in denture esthetics and functions. To counteract this problem, artificial teeth with increased wear resistance had been introduced in the market such as nanocomposite teeth. The purpose of this study was to compare the amount of wear between nanocomposite teeth and acrylic teeth. Fifteen specimens were chosen from each group namely the nanocomposite teeth (SR_-PHONARES) and the acrylic teeth (ACRY PLUS). Maxillary premolar was only chosen for testing and the samples were customized according to the specifications of the pin on disc machine. Pin on disc machine is a two body tribometer which quantifies the amount of wear under a specific load and time. Test samples were mounted on to the receptacle of the pin on disc machine and tested under a load of 0.3 kg for 1,000 cycles of rotation against a 600 grit emery paper. The amount of wear is displayed from the digital reading obtained from the pin on disc machine. After statistical analysis, it was found that, the amount of wear is more in four layered acrylic teeth. The p value obtained is 0.002 (<0.005) thus implies that the difference in wear between nanocomposite teeth and acrylic teeth is statistically significant. Though the nanocomposite teeth has less amount of wear than the four layered acrylic teeth, the difference is very less and adds only to a little clinical significance but the cost of the nanocomposite is four times that of the acrylic teeth. Further clinical studies must be performed to confirm our results.

Decellularized Human Dental Pulp as a Scaffold for Regenerative Endodontics.

PubMed

Song, J S; Takimoto, K; Jeon, M; Vadakekalam, J; Ruparel, N B; Diogenes, A

2017-06-01

Teeth undergo postnatal organogenesis relatively late in life and only complete full maturation a few years after the crown first erupts in the oral cavity. At this stage, development can be arrested if the tooth organ is damaged by either trauma or caries. Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) are a treatment alternative to conventional root canal treatment for immature teeth. These procedures rely on the transfer of apically positioned stem cells, including stem cells of the apical papilla (SCAP), into the root canal system. Although clinical success has been reported for these procedures, the predictability of expected outcomes and the organization of the newly formed tissues are affected by the lack of an available suitable scaffold that mimics the complexity of the dental pulp extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, we evaluated 3 methods of decellularization of human dental pulp to be used as a potential autograft scaffold. Tooth slices of human healthy extracted third molars were decellularized by 3 different methods. One of the methods generated the maximum observed decellularization with minimal impact on the ECM composition and organization. Furthermore, recellularization of the scaffold supported the proliferation of SCAP throughout the scaffold with differentiation into odontoblast-like cells near the dentinal walls. Thus, this study reports that human dental pulp from healthy extracted teeth can be successfully decellularized, and the resulting scaffold supports the proliferation and differentiation of SCAP. The future application of this form of an autograft in REPs can fulfill a yet unmet need for a suitable scaffold, potentially improving clinical outcomes and ultimately promoting the survival and function of teeth with otherwise poor prognosis.

Unusual extrinsic staining following microabrasion in a girl with amelogenesis imperfecta.

PubMed

Rogers, H J; Yesudian, G; Rodd, H D

2016-08-01

Developmental defects of enamel (DDE), such as amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), may present with tooth discolouration that is of aesthetic concern to the affected individual. Children and young people with DDE may therefore seek dental interventions to improve their dental appearance. The most commonly employed approaches include microabrasion, bleaching and/or placement of composite resin veneers. A 13-year-old girl with hypomature AI requested treatment for the 'marks' on her teeth which were having a negative impact on her social interactions. Clinical examination revealed generalised dense white opacities, and a microabrasion approach was performed on 11, 12 and 13 using a commercial preparation of 6.6 % hydrochloric acid. Concerningly, the girl's father phoned the next day reporting that his daughter's teeth had turned 'orange'. An urgent review revealed that the treated teeth had indeed become an orange colour. Further enquiry found that the patient had eaten a tomato pizza immediately after her dental treatment and this was believed to have caused the severe extrinsic staining. The patient was provided with a 16 % carbamide peroxide preparation for night-time use in a laboratory-made tray. A 2-week review revealed complete resolution of the staining. Direct composite resin restorations were subsequently provided for the girl's maxillary anterior teeth to achieve an optimal cosmetic result and she has remained pleased with her dental appearance. Clinicians should be aware of the potential for extrinsic staining following microabrasion or tooth bleaching. Patients should be advised against consuming coloured food and drink for at least 48 h after their treatment.

Partial caries removal may have advantages but limited evidence on restoration survival.

PubMed

Manton, David

2013-09-01

Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register, CENTRAL, Medline via OVID, EMBASE via OVID; no restrictions on language or date of publication. Parallel group and split mouth randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials comparing stepwise, partial and no dentinal caries removal with complete caries removal in unrestored primary and permanent teeth were included in this review. Title and abstract screening was by two reviewers, with disagreements resolved by a third. Full texts of eligible studies were assessed by the team until consensus, and data extraction was by three reviewers independently and in triplicate. Two reviewers assessed risk of bias. Trial authors were contacted where possible . Eight trials (all assessed as high risk of bias) with 934 participants and 1372 teeth were included in this updated review (Previously complete or ultraconservative removal of decayed tissue in unfilled teeth, Ricketts, 2006) with four new trials being included. There were a number of different comparisons in the trials (stepwise or partial or no dentinal caries removal compared to complete caries removal) with one study including more than one of these comparisons. Four studies investigated primary teeth, three permanent teeth and one included both.For stepwise caries removal, (four studies), there was a 56% reduction in incidence of pulp exposure (RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.60, P < 0.00001) compared to complete caries removal. The mean pulp exposure incidence was 34.7% in the complete caries removal group and 15.4% in the stepwise groups. There was no difference in signs and symptoms of pulp disease (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.39 to 1.58, P = 0.50).In the two partial caries removal studies, the incidence of pulp exposure reduction was 77% for the partial caries removal group (RR 0.23, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.69, P = 0.009) with a mean pulp exposure incidence of 21.9% in the complete caries removal groups and 5% in the partial caries removal groups. There was insufficient evidence to determine whether or not there was a difference in signs and symptoms of pulp disease (RR 0.27, 95% CI 0.05 to 1.60, P = 0.15), or restoration failure (one study showing no difference and another study showing no failures in either group).There were two very different studies which looked at no dentinal caries removal compared to complete caries removal. There was some evidence of no difference between these techniques for the outcome of signs and symptoms of pulp disease and reduced risk of restoration failure, favouring no dentinal caries removal, from one study. There were no instances of pulp disease or restoration failure in either group from the second study. Meta-analysis of these two studies was not carried out because of the substantial clinical differences between the studies. For management of dentinal caries, both stepwise and partial excavation showed clinical advantage over complete caries removal by reducing the incidence of pulp exposure in symptomless, vital, carious primary as well as permanent teeth. The review found no difference in signs or symptoms of pulpal disease between stepwise excavation and complete caries removal.There was insufficient evidence to determine whether there was a difference in signs and symptoms of pulp disease or a difference in the risk of restoration failure with partial caries removal.For the two no dentinal caries removal studies, the one investigating permanent teeth found no difference in restoration failure and the one investigating primary teeth found a statistically significant difference in restoration failure favouring the intervention.Due to the short term follow-up, low reporting of patient centred outcomes and high risk of bias, further high quality, long-term clinical trials are still required to assess the most effective intervention.

Expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in human pulp cells of teeth with complete and incomplete root development.

PubMed

Caviedes-Bucheli, J; Canales-Sánchez, P; Castrillón-Sarria, N; Jovel-Garcia, J; Alvarez-Vásquez, J; Rivero, C; Azuero-Holguín, M M; Diaz, E; Munoz, H R

2009-08-01

To quantify the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in human pulp cells of teeth with complete or incomplete root development, to support the specific role of IGF-1 in cell proliferation during tooth development and pulp reparative processes. Twenty six pulp samples were obtained from freshly extracted human third molars, equally divided in two groups according to root development stage (complete or incomplete root development). All samples were processed and immunostained to determine the expression of IGF-1 and PCNA in pulp cells. Sections were observed with a light microscope at 80x and morphometric analyses were performed to calculate the area of PCNA and IGF-1 immunostaining using digital image software. Mann-Whitney's test was used to determine statistically significant differences between groups (P < 0.05) for each peptide and the co-expression of both. Expression of IGF-1 and PCNA was observed in all human pulp samples with a statistically significant higher expression in cells of pulps having complete root development (P = 0.0009). Insulin-like growth factor-1 and PCNA are expressed in human pulp cells, with a significant greater expression in pulp cells of teeth having complete root development.

Is the value of oral health related to culture and environment, or function and aesthetics?

PubMed

Nassani, M Z; Kay, E J; Al-Nahhal, T I; Okşayan, R; Usumez, A; Mohammadi, T M

2015-12-01

To examine the disutility of tooth loss. It compared how people value their teeth in two countries which are culturally similar in order to explore the effect of culture on self-perceptions of oral health. Cross sectional study. Participants were recruited from subjects attending two hospitals in Turkey and in Iran. Nineteen descriptions of mouths with varying degrees and types of tooth loss were presented to the participants. They were shown mouth models of partially edentate dentitions and the teeth missing were explained in relation to the participants own mouth. The participants were specifically asked to consider the role their teeth played in function (chewing), communication (speech) and aesthetics (looks) along with "all the other things that make your mouth important". The participants were asked to indicate on a visual analogue scale how they would value the health of their mouth if they lost the tooth/teeth described and the resultant space was left unrestored. Overall 152 subjects participated, 78 in Turkey and 74 in Iran with 83 being female and 69 male. Their mean age was 29.5 years (SD 9.3), 62.5% had experienced tooth loss and 37.5% had complete (or completely restored) dentitions. Although there were no differences between the two countries in the degree of utility people attached to anterior teeth, Turkish participants attached significantly more disutility than Iranians to the loss of premolar and molar teeth (p < 0.003). Country of origin had an influence on the value placed on certain parts of the dentition and this effect is independent of the number of missing teeth, gender and age. This implies that attitudes to oral health are influenced by prevalent cultural attitudes more than by function.

Dentinogenic responses after direct pulp capping of miniature swine teeth with Biodentine.

PubMed

Tziafa, Christina; Koliniotou-Koumpia, Eugenia; Papadimitriou, Serafim; Tziafas, Dimitrios

2014-12-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate pulpal responses after experimental direct pulp capping of mechanically exposed teeth with a new calcium silicate-based dentin replacement material. Thirty-four anterior and posterior teeth of 3 miniature swine were used. Class V or I cavities were prepared on the buccal or occlusal surfaces, respectively. Pulpal exposures were further performed using a round carbide bur 0.8 mm in diameter. Exposures were treated with white MTA Angelus (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil) or Biodentine (Septodont, Saint Maur des Fosses, France), and the cavities were further restored with Biodentine. The pulpal tissue responses were histologically assessed at postoperative periods of 3 and 8 weeks. Data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis and the Mann-Whitney U tests. Inflammatory infiltration or pulp tissue necrosis was not found in any of the specimens. All teeth showed mineralized matrix formation in the form of a complete hard tissue bridge composed of osteodentin or osteodentin followed by a discontinuous or continuous reparative dentin zone. A significantly higher thickness of the hard tissue bridge was found in the group of teeth treated with Biodentine at both 3 and 8 weeks. A number of teeth, which were under root development at the onset of the experimental procedures, exhibited ectopic pulp calcification. The application of both calcium silicate-based materials in direct contact with the mechanically exposed pulp of healthy miniature swine teeth led to pulp repair with complete hard tissue bridge formation. The thickness of hard tissue bridges was significantly higher after pulp capping with Biodentine. Copyright © 2014 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Root canal configurations of third molar teeth. A comparison with first and second molars in the Turkish population.

PubMed

Sert, Semih; Sahinkesen, Güneş; Topçu, Fulya T; Eroğlu, Seyda E; Oktay, Elif A

2011-12-01

The purpose of the current study was to determine the similarities of maxillary and mandibular third molars with the other molar teeth. A total of 2016 extracted maxillary and mandibular permanent teeth were evaluated. The teeth were divided into six groups. The teeth were stored in 5% nitric acid solution for 7 days, then placed in increasing concentrations of ethyl alcohol. The teeth were rendered transparent by immersion in xylene solution for 4 days until complete transparency was achieved. Three roots were present in 93.0% of the maxillary molars, and 91.3% of the second molars. Among the maxillary third molars, 35.5% were single-rooted and 24.9% of the mandibular third molars had single roots. Double roots were present in 69.2% of the mandibular third molars, and 5.4% had three roots. Four new root canal configurations were encountered in this study. The root canal configurations of the mandibular and maxillary teeth showed similarities with the results of other studies performed in different populations. © 2010 The Authors. Australian Endodontic Journal © 2010 Australian Society of Endodontology.

Root morphology and development of labial inversely impacted maxillary central incisors in the mixed dentition: a retrospective cone-beam computed tomography study.

PubMed

Sun, Hao; Wang, Yi; Sun, Chaofan; Ye, Qingsong; Dai, Weiwei; Wang, Xiuying; Xu, Qingchao; Pan, Sisi; Hu, Rongdang

2014-12-01

The aim of this study was to analyze 3-dimensional data of root morphology and development in labial inversely impacted maxillary central incisors. Cone-beam computed tomography images from 41 patients with impacted incisors were divided into early and late dental age groups according to their dental age. Sagittal slices in which the labiolingual width of the tooth was the widest in the axial view were evaluated. The inverse angle, the dilaceration angle, and the length of both impacted and homonym teeth were evaluated with SimPlant Pro software (version 13.0; Materialise Dental NV, Leuven, Belgium). The Student t test indicated that the lengths of the impacted teeth were significantly shorter than those of the homonym teeth (P <0.05), and the root lengths of the early dental age group were significantly shorter than those of the late dental age group. The results from chi-square tests indicated that the incidence of dilacerations was significantly higher in the late dental age group when compared with the early dental age group. Multiple regression analyses indicated that the independent variables for root length of the impacted teeth were dental age (β = 0.958; P <0.001) and length of the nondilacerated part of the root (β = 0.435; P <0.001). Dilaceration was more common in the late dental age group. The roots of labial inversely impacted maxillary central incisors continue developing, but their potential is limited. Copyright © 2014 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Analysis of proximal contact loss between implant-supported fixed dental prostheses and adjacent teeth in relation to influential factors and effects. A cross-sectional study.

PubMed

Byun, Soo-Jung; Heo, Seok-Mo; Ahn, Seung-Geun; Chang, Moontaek

2015-06-01

The aim was to analyze influential factors and effects of proximal contact loss between implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDP) and adjacent teeth. Ninety-four subjects treated with 135 FDPs supported by 188 implants were included. Degree of proximal contact tightness, food impaction, and periodontal/peri-implant tissue conditions were assessed in 191 proximal embrasures between implant-supported FDPs and adjacent teeth. Potential factors influencing proximal contact loss were estimated with the generalized estimation equation (GEE) procedure. Thirty-four percent of the proximal embrasures between implant-supported FDPs and teeth lost a proximal contact. The proximal contact loss rate continuously increased over the follow-up periods. A longer follow-up period, splinted implants, and mesial aspect of proximal contact were significant factors influencing the proximal contact loss in the univariate GEE analysis, whereas a longer follow-up period was the only significant factor in the multivariate GEE analysis. Food impaction was more frequently reported in the proximal contact loss group than the proximal contact group (odds ratio: 2.2). However, the proximal contact loss did not appear to affect the periodontal/peri-implant tissue conditions. Proximal contact loss between implant-supported FDPs and teeth occurred frequently and increased continuously over the follow-up period. The proximal contact loss significantly affected food impaction, but not the periodontal/peri-implant tissue conditions. Proximal contact loss should be carefully monitored during follow-up examinations in relation to food impaction. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Treatment planning: implant-supported partial overdentures.

PubMed

Chee, Winston W L

2005-04-01

When multiple anterior teeth are missing, many options of replacement are available. Traditionally, the choice was between a fixed or removable prostheses. Today, with the predictability of dental implants, the options of tooth replacement range from removable partial dentures to implant-supported fixed prostheses. The choice of which restoration that will best provide occlusion and esthetics depends on multiple factors including the number and location of missing teeth, the residual ridge form in relation to the replacement teeth, the relationship of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth, the condition of teeth adjacent to the edentulous span, the amount of bone available for implant placement, the patients "smile line" and display of teeth, lip support, and financial constraints. When there is minimal loss of the ridge contour, restorations that emerge from the ridge are the most functional and esthetic restorations, adhesive-type fixed partial dentures, conventional fixed partial dentures, and implant-supported restorations can be indicated with the choice of restoration dependent on a risk benefit and cost benefit analysis. When there is a loss of ridge contour due to residual ridge resorption or trauma, the decision becomes more complex as not only does the tooth structure need to be replaced, the ridge form also has to be replaced. (Figures 1 and 2). This can be assessed clinically as illustrated by Figures 1 and 2 where a dis crepancy in arch form and ridge form in relation to the adjacent teeth and/or opposing arch can be observed. Other considerations are lip support and display of the teeth when smiling. This article presents a case and rationale for implant-supported par tial overdentures. Many authors have written on the merits of com plete overdentures. The complete overdenture has proven to be an improvement over conventional complete prostheses with respect to chewing efficiency, patient comfort and satisfaction. In partial edentulism, the implant-supported overdenture has several advantages, some in common with a removable partial denture.

Orthodontic treatment of a patient with unerupted maxillary central and lateral incisors and canine: a case report.

PubMed

Sabuncuoğlu, Fidan Alakuş; Olmez, Hüseyin

2012-05-01

The aim of this case report was to describe the orthodontic and periodontal management of a patient with three impacted anterior teeth. An 18-year-old female with Class I crowding on a Class I skeletal base presented with the chief complaint of an unaesthetic smile. Clinical examination revealed an impacted upper right permanent canine (13), lateral (12) and central incisor (11), a retained deciduous incisor and moderate crowding in the lower arch. The impacted teeth were surgically exposed (closed exposure) and aligned with fixed appliances. The 12 was extracted due to root resorption and 44 extracted to resolve the lower arch crowding. A fraenectomy and gingival recontouring were required. Orthodontic treatment resulted in improved overjet, overbite and an acceptable facial profile. The patient reported improved self esteem. While impacted anterior teeth are a clinical challenge, their surgical exposure, in combination with fixed appliances, is a conservative treatment plan which is not without complications.

Shaping of Rack Cutter Original Profile for Fine-module Ratchet Teeth Cutting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sharkov, O. V.; Koryagin, S. I.; Velikanov, N. L.

2018-05-01

The design models and the process of shaping the cutting edges of the rack cutter for cutting fine-module ratchet teeth are considered in the article. The use of fine-module ratchet teeth can reduce the noise and impact loads during operation of the freewheel mechanisms. Mathematical dependencies for calculating the coordinates determining the geometric position of the points of the front and back edges of the cutting profile of the rack cutter, the workpiece angle of rotation during cutting the ratchet teeth were obtained. When applying the developed method, the initial data are: the radii of the workpiece circumferences passing through the dedendum of the external and internal cut teeth; gradient angles of the front and back edges of the rail.

Maxillary canine impactions related to impacted central incisors: two case reports.

PubMed

Bayram, Mehmet; Ozer, Mete; Sener, Ismail

2007-09-01

The purpose of this case report is to describe the combined surgical and orthodontic treatment of two cases with an impacted maxillary central incisor and canine in the same quadrant and to discuss the causal relationship between them. The most common causes of canine impactions are usually the result of one or more factors such as a long path of eruption, tooth size-arch length discrepancies, abnormal position of the tooth bud, prolonged retention or early loss of the deciduous canine, trauma, the presence of an alveolar cleft, ankylosis, cystic or neoplastic formation, dilaceration of the root, supernumerary teeth, and odontomas. Although impaction of the maxillary central incisor is almost as prevalent as impacted canines its etiology is different. The principal factors involved in causing the anomaly are supernumerary teeth, odontomas, and trauma. Case #1: A 10.5-year-old girl in the early mixed dentition stage presented with a chief complaint of the appearance of her anterior teeth. She had a Class I skeletal pattern and a history of trauma to the maxillary central incisors at age five with premature exfoliation. Radiographs revealed an impacted upper right central incisor in the region of the nasal floor, delayed eruption of the maxillary permanent central incisor, and the adjacent lateral incisor was inclined toward the edentulous space. Treatment was done in two stages consisting of surgical exposure and traction of the impacted central incisor and fixed orthodontic treatment. Case #2: An 11.5-year-old girl presented for orthodontic treatment with the chief complaint of an unerupted tooth and the appearance of her upper anterior teeth. She was in the late mixed dentition period with a Class III skeletal pattern along with an anterior cross-bite with some maxillary transverse deficiency. The maxillary right canine and central incisor were absent, but the maxillary right deciduous canine was still present. Treatment included arch expansion followed by surgical exposure and traction of the impacted teeth and fixed orthodontic treatment. This case report provides some evidence of a significant environmental influence of an impacted maxillary central incisor on the path of eruption of the ipsilateral maxillary canine. When an impacted maxillary central incisor exists, the maxillary lateral incisor's root might be positioned distally into the path of eruption of the maxillary canine preventing its normal eruption. Ongoing assessment and early intervention might help to prevent such adverse situations from occurring.

Impact of oral conditions on the quality of life of secondary schoolchildren in Nigeria.

PubMed

Oziegbe, Elizabeth O; Esan, Temitope A; Adesina, Bola A

2012-01-01

Oral health problems have been increasingly recognized as important factors causing a negative impact on daily performance and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of tooth extraction with no replacement, untreated fractured anterior teeth, malocclusion, dental restorations, and orthodontic braces on the quality of life in Nigerian schoolchildren. A total of 197 9- to 17-year-old schoolchildren completed the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) index/questionnaire. Students who had tooth extraction with no replacement and untreated fractured incisors had significantly higher mean OHIP scores for functional limitations, physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical, psychological, and social disabilities, and handicaps (P<.001) when compared to other groups and the control. The mean OHIP scores of students with features of malocclusion were significantly higher for functional limitations, psychological discomfort, and psychological disability compared to the control group (P<.001). Untreated dental problems had some negative impact on the quality of life on the 7 subscales of the OHIP.

Adolescents' perceptions of the aesthetic impact of dental fluorosis vs. other dental conditions in areas with and without water fluoridation.

PubMed

McGrady, Michael G; Ellwood, Roger P; Goodwin, Michaela; Boothman, Nicola; Pretty, Iain A

2012-02-10

The use of fluorides for caries prevention is well established but is linked with an increased risk of dental fluorosis, some of which may be considered to be aesthetically objectionable. Patient opinion should be considered when determining impact on aesthetics. The aim of this study was to assess participant rating of dental aesthetics (from photographic images) of 11 to 13 year olds participating in an epidemiological caries and fluorosis survey in a fluoridated and a non-fluoridated community in Northern England. Consented participants were invited to rank in order of preference (appearance) a collage of 10 computer generated images on a touch-screen laptop. The images comprised an assortment of presentations of teeth that included white teeth, a spectrum of developmental defects of enamel and dental caries. Data were captured directly and exported into SPSS for analysis. Data were available for 1553 participants. In general, there were no significant differences in the rank positions between the fluoridated and non-fluoridated communities, with the exception of teeth with caries and teeth with large demarcated opacities. Very white teeth had the highest rating in both localities. Overall, there was a trend for teeth with fluorosis to be ranked more favourably in the fluoridated community; for TF 1 and TF 2 this preference was significant (p < 0.001). The results of this study suggest teeth that are uniformly very white have the highest preference. The rankings suggest teeth with a fluorosis score of TF 1 may not be considered aesthetically objectionable to this population and age group. The image depicting a tooth with caries and the image with large demarcated opacities were deemed to be the least favoured. Participant preference of images depicting fluorosis falls with increasing severity of fluorosis.

A Combined Periodontal – Prosthetic Treatment Approach to Manage Unusual Gingival Visibility in Resting Lip Position and Inversely Inclined Upper Anterior Teeth: A Case Report with Discussion

PubMed Central

Biniraj, K R; Janardhanan, Mahija; Sunil, M M; Sagir, Mohammed; Hariprasad, A; Paul, Tony P; Emmatty, Rishi

2015-01-01

Excessive gingival visibility during smile is a common esthetic complaint in dentistry, but excessive gingival visibility in resting lip position is relatively uncommon condition. Several exclusive radical to conservative surgical treatment or its combination with orthodontic therapy to treat this condition are within the reach of every patient nowadays. A case report of an excessive gingival visibility because of altered passive eruption along with inversely inclined maxillary anterior teeth is presented here. A relatively simple treatment approach combining periodontal and restorative therapy is used here to achieve the desirable aesthetic results. The gingival exposure resulting from altered passive eruption was completely managed by a gingivectomy, but the inclined appearance of teeth was still an aesthetic complaint. After complete healing of gingivectomy surgery, appropriately designed crowns were given to rectify the inversely inclined appearance. A complete rehabilitation of patient’s smile could be achieved, the case was followed up for 3 years and the condition was found satisfactory. PMID:25878482

Complete Overlay Denture for Pedodontic Patient with Severe Dentinogenesis Imperfecta.

PubMed

Syriac, Gibi; Joseph, Elizabeth; Rupesh, Suresh; Mathew, Josey

2017-01-01

Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) is a hereditary condition that may affect both primary and permanent dentition and is characterized by abnormal dentin formation. The teeth may be discolored with chipping of enamel and, in untreated cases, the entire dentition may wear off to the gingiva. This may lead to the formation of abscesses, tooth mobility, and early loss of teeth. In the Indian population, DI is found to have an incidence of 0.09%. Treatment of DI should aim to remove infection, if any, from the oral cavity; restore form, function, and esthetics; and protect posterior teeth from wear for maintaining the occlusal vertical dimension. Treatment strategies should be selected based on the presenting complaint of the patient, patient's age, and severity of the problem. This case report presents the management of severe DI with tooth worn off until gingival level in a very young patient using complete overlay denture, which has not been reported earlier. How to cite this article: Syriac G, Joseph E, Rupesh S, Mathew J. Complete Overlay Denture for Pedodontic Patient with Severe Dentinogenesis Imperfecta. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(4):394-398.

Assessment of parental awareness about malocclusion in Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran.

PubMed

Danaei, S Momeni; Oshagh, M; Pajuhi, N; Ghahremani, Y; Bushehri, Ghodsi S

2011-07-01

Information empowers people to take charge of their health. The aim of this study in Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran was to evaluate parents' knowledge about dental malocclusion, referral routes and information sources. A random sample of 1000 7-9-year-old schoolchildren were given a questionnaire to complete at home. Questionnaires were completed by 795 parents. Knowledge about malocclusion was significantly greater in families with higher levels of education and income. Most respondents (83.5%) were aware of the importance of maintaining primary teeth to prevent malocclusion, and 25.1% thought that carious primary teeth must be extracted. Half of the parents (50.6%) did not know that spaces between primary teeth are normal. Only 28.8% of the children visited dentists for annual routine check-ups. Television (43.3%) was the most common source of dental information. The level of general public awareness about malocclusion needs to be improved.

Efficacy of bone substitute material in preserving volume when placing a maxillary immediate complete denture: study protocol for the PANORAMIX randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Rignon-Bret, Christophe; Hadida, Alain; Aidan, Alexis; Nguyen, Thien-Huong; Pasquet, Gerard; Fron-Chabouis, Helene; Wulfman, Claudine

2016-05-20

Bone preservation is an essential issue in the context of last teeth extraction and complete edentulism. The intended treatment, whether a complete denture or an implant placement, is facilitated with a voluminous residual ridge. Bone resorption after multiple extractions has not been as well studied as the bone resorption that occurs after the extraction of a single tooth. Recent advances in bone substitute materials have revived this issue. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the interest in using bone substitute material to fill the socket after last teeth extraction in a maxillary immediate complete denture procedure compared with the conventional protocol without socket filling. A randomized, controlled, clinical trial was designed. The 34 participants eligible for maxillary immediate complete denture were divided into two groups. Complete dentures were prepared despite persistence of the last anterior teeth. The control group received a conventional treatment including denture placement immediately after extractions. In the experimental group, in addition to the immediate denture placement, a xenograft bone-substitute material (Bio-Oss Collagen®) was placed in the fresh sockets. The primary outcome of the study is to compare mean bone ridge height loss 1 year after maxillary immediate complete denture placement, with or without bone-substitute material, in incisor and canine sockets. The secondary outcomes are to compare the average bone ridge height and width loss for each extraction site. An original quantitative evaluation method using cone beam computed tomography was designed for reproducible measurements, with a radio-opaque denture duplicate. Two independent operators perform the radiologic measurements. The immediate complete denture technique limits bone resorption in multiple extraction situations and thus allows better denture retention and better options for implant placement. To compare the benefit of using any bone socket-filling material, we proposed a quantitative evaluation protocol of resorption in the specific case of the last anterior maxillary teeth extraction with immediate denture placement. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02120053 . Registered on 18 April 2014.

Perception of Esthetic Impact of Smile Line in Complete Denture Wearers by Different Age Groups.

PubMed

Pithon, Matheus Melo; Alves, Leandro Pereira; da Costa Prado, Matheus; Oliveira, Rener Leal; Costa, Matheus Souza Campos; da Silva Coqueiro, Raildo; Gusmão, João Milton Rocha; Santos, Rogério Lacerda

2016-10-01

To evaluate esthetic perceptions based on tooth exposure when smiling of patients wearing complete dentures by evaluators in different age groups. Alterations were made to a front view photograph of a smiling patient wearing complete maxillary and mandibular dentures. Alterations in the smile line were simulated to increase or decrease tooth exposure (increments of 0.5 mm). For this purpose, image manipulation software was used. After manipulation, images were printed on photo paper, attached to a questionnaire, and distributed to individuals in three age groups (n = 150). To evaluate the esthetic perception for each image, a visual analog scale was used, with 0 representing least attractive, 5 representing attractive, and 10 representing very attractive. Differences between examiners were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. All statistical analyses were performed with a degree of confidence of 95%. Two evaluators did not observe any differences between images. The images given the best and worst scores were E and O (alterations of 2 and 7 mm), respectively, in the 15- to 19-year-old group, B and O (alterations of 0.5 and 7 mm), respectively, in the 35- to 44-year-old group, and A and M (no alteration and 6 mm alteration), respectively, in the 65- to 74-year-old group. When the images were presented together (images 1 and 2), the unaltered image was selected by individuals of different age groups as the best, and the image with a change of 7 mm was selected as the worst. In this study, complete dental prostheses with smile lines that coincided with the cervical margins of the anterior teeth were the most acceptable. Less exposure of the maxillary teeth when smiling corresponded with decreased attractiveness. © 2015 by the American College of Prosthodontists.

Structure of the Bacterial Community in Different Stages of Early Childhood Caries.

PubMed

Ximenes, Marcos; Armas, Rafael Dutra de; Triches, Thaisa Cezária; Cardoso, Mariane; Vieira, Ricardo de Souza

2018-01-15

To characterise in vivo the structure of bacterial communities in decayed and sound primary teeth. Samples of biofilms were collected from three groups of patients with complete and exclusively primary dentition (n = 45): G1: sound teeth (n = 15); G2: enamel lesion (n = 15); G3: dentin lesion (n = 15). DNA was extracted (CTAB 2%) from the biofilm, the partial 16S rRNA gene was amplified with Bacteria Universal Primers (BA338fGC - UN518r) and subjected to DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis). Multidimensional scaling and ANOSIM (analysis of similarity) were employed to determine the structure of the bacterial communities. The amplicon richness was determined by averaging amplicons, with the differences between treatments determined with ANOVA, while means were compared using Tukey's test (p < 0.05). Compared to sound teeth, a greater variety of bacterial communities was found in decayed teeth. Despite the differences between the bacterial communities of sound teeth and decayed teeth, the Venn diagram showed that the samples had 38 amplicons in common. Greater amplicon richness was observed in samples of decayed teeth (enamel: 20.5 ± 2.7; dentin: 20.1 ± 2.8) compared with the sound samples (12.0 ± 4.3) (p <0.05), indicating enhanced growth for specific groups of bacteria on decayed teeth. Although there is less bacterial diversity on sound than ECC-decayed teeth, the bacterial communities are very similar.

Impacted third molar transplantation on the malpracticed extraction socket.

PubMed

Kim, Soung Min; Amponsah, Emmanuel K

2017-12-01

Autotransplantation with or without endodontic therapy is regarded as an alternative treatment option for the replacement of missing teeth. A primary responsibility of a maxillofacial surgeon is to reverse any malpractice to promote successful outcomes and improve the patient's quality of life. This paper presents a malpractice case of incorrect extraction of the lower second molar instead of the impacted third molar. A simple technique of transplanting the impacted third molar to the site of the extracted second molar is introduced by a maxillofacial specialist in Ghana. By making an intentional root socket and fixation without using additional appliances, a novel second molar was achieved with complete recovery. This patient was followed after transplant for a four-year period with the best satisfaction. A grant of the Korean Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea. (HI15C0689).

Teeth Tales: a community-based child oral health promotion trial with migrant families in Australia.

PubMed

Gibbs, Lisa; Waters, Elizabeth; Christian, Bradley; Gold, Lisa; Young, Dana; de Silva, Andrea; Calache, Hanny; Gussy, Mark; Watt, Richard; Riggs, Elisha; Tadic, Maryanne; Hall, Martin; Gondal, Iqbal; Pradel, Veronika; Moore, Laurence

2015-06-11

The Teeth Tales trial aimed to establish a model for child oral health promotion for culturally diverse communities in Australia. An exploratory trial implementing a community-based child oral health promotion intervention for Australian families from migrant backgrounds. Mixed method, longitudinal evaluation. The intervention was based in Moreland, a culturally diverse locality in Melbourne, Australia. Families with 1-4-year-old children, self-identified as being from Iraqi, Lebanese or Pakistani backgrounds residing in Melbourne. Participants residing close to the intervention site were allocated to intervention. The intervention was conducted over 5 months and comprised community oral health education sessions led by peer educators and follow-up health messages. This paper reports on the intervention impacts, process evaluation and descriptive analysis of health, knowledge and behavioural changes 18 months after baseline data collection. Significant differences in the Debris Index (OR=0.44 (0.22 to 0.88)) and the Modified Gingival Index (OR=0.34 (0.19 to 0.61)) indicated increased tooth brushing and/or improved toothbrushing technique in the intervention group. An increased proportion of intervention parents, compared to those in the comparison group reported that they had been shown how to brush their child's teeth (OR=2.65 (1.49 to 4.69)). Process evaluation results highlighted the problems with recruitment and retention of the study sample (275 complete case families). The child dental screening encouraged involvement in the study, as did linking attendance with other community/cultural activities. The Teeth Tales intervention was promising in terms of improving oral hygiene and parent knowledge of tooth brushing technique. Adaptations to delivery of the intervention are required to increase uptake and likely impact. A future cluster randomised controlled trial would provide strongest evidence of effectiveness if appropriate to the community, cultural and economic context. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12611000532909). Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.

Oral physiology and quality of life in cancer patients.

PubMed

Pereira, Luciano J; Braga Caputo, Júnior; Midori Castelo, Paula; Francelino Andrade, Eric; Silva Marques, Leandro; Martins de Paiva, Saul; Márcia Pereira, Stela; Vicente Pereira, Cássio

2015-05-01

Cancer treatment can affect the health of the teeth and support structures, which are essential to the chewing process, which may change the nutritional status of the patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of oral physiology changes on quality of life (QoL) of patients submitted to cancer treatment. Initially 84 cancer patients were screened and only those presenting at least 15 natural teeth were selected for oral physiology and quality of life tests. The final sample comprised 30 patients. Twenty subjects were selected as controls paired by age and gender. Dental caries status, salivary flow, masticatory performance (MP), location of tumor, duration of chemo and radiotherapy and World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL- bref) questionnaire were assessed. Linear regression models were used to test the relationship between the WHOQOL-bref domains (physical, psychological, social relationship, environmental and overall QoL) and independent variables under study. Number of teeth, MP and salivary flow were lower in cancer patients, as well as for the scores obtained in Social Relationship, Environment and Overall QoL domains (p<0.050). Breast cancer caused a negative impact on Psychological (p<0.001) and Overall QoL scores (p=0.017). A similar negative effect was found for the duration of radiotherapy on Psychological (p=0.012) and Environmental (p=0.039) domains. On the other hand, the maintenance of teeth had a positive impact on Psychological (p=0.012) and Environmental (p=0.024) scores. Oral physiology changes may impact the QoL of oncological patients. The maintenance of teeth was of positive importance, especially for the psychological aspects. Copyright AULA MEDICA EDICIONES 2014. Published by AULA MEDICA. All rights reserved.

Dental enamel defects, caries experience and oral health-related quality of life: a cohort study.

PubMed

Arrow, P

2017-06-01

The impact of enamel defects of the first permanent molars on caries experience and child oral health-related quality of life was evaluated in a cohort study. Children who participated in a study of enamel defects of the first permanent molars 8 years earlier were invited for a follow-up assessment. Consenting children completed the Child Perception Questionnaire and the faces Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale, and were examined by two calibrated examiners. ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, negative binomial and logistic regression were used for data analyses. One hundred and eleven children returned a completed questionnaire and 91 were clinically examined. Negative binomial regression found that oral health impacts were associated with gender (boys, risk ratio (RR) = 0.73, P = 0.03) and decayed, missing or filled permanent teeth (DMFT) (RR = 1.1, P = 0.04). The mean DMFT of children were sound (0.9, standard deviation (SD) = 1.4), diffuse defects (0.8, SD = 1.7), demarcated defects (1.5, SD = 1.4) and pit defects (1.3, SD = 2.3) (Kruskal-Wallis, P = 0.05). Logistic regression of first permanent molar caries found higher odds of caries experience with baseline primary tooth caries experience (odds ratio (OR) = 1.5, P = 0.01), the number of teeth affected by enamel defects (OR = 1.9, P = 0.05) and lower odds with the presence of diffuse enamel defects (OR = 0.1, P = 0.04). The presence of diffuse enamel defects was associated with lower odds of caries experience. © 2016 Australian Dental Association.

Two implants for all edentulous mandibles.

PubMed

Wright, P S

2006-04-22

Complete dentures have always been a poor substitute for natural teeth. Mandibular complete dentures frequently cause pain and discomfort, accelerated residual bone resorption, while failing to restore effective chewing. The provision of two implants to stabilise the mandibular complete denture can result in significant improvements.

Oral physiology, nutrition and quality of life in diabetic patients associated or not with hypertension and beta-blockers therapy.

PubMed

Pereira, L J; Foureaux, R C; Pereira, C V; Alves, M C; Campos, C H; Rodrigues Garcia, R C M; Andrade, E F; Gonçalves, T M S V

2016-07-01

The relationship between type 2 diabetes oral physiology, nutritional intake and quality of life has not been fully elucidated. We assessed the impact of type 2 diabetes - exclusive or associated with hypertension with beta-blockers treatment - on oral physiology, mastication, nutrition and quality of life. This cross-sectional study was performed with 78 complete dentate subjects (15 natural teeth and six masticatory units minimum; without removable or fixed prostheses), divided into three groups: diabetics (DM) (n = 20; 45·4 ± 9·5 years), diabetics with hypertension and receiving beta-blockers treatment (DMH) (n = 19; 41·1 ± 5·1 years) and controls (n = 39; 44·5 ± 11·7 years) matched for gender, age and socioeconomic status. Blood glucose, masticatory performance, swallowing threshold, taste, food intake, stimulated and unstimulated salivary flow, pH and buffering capacity of saliva were assessed. Glycemia was higher in DM than in controls (P < 0·01). No differences were observed between DM and controls for nutrition and quality of life. Both stimulated and unstimulated salivary flow rate were lower in DMH (P < 0·01), which also presented the lowest number of teeth and masticatory units (P < 0·0001), and reduction in the number of chewing cycles (P < 0·01). Controls showed lower Decayed Missing Filled Teeth index (DMFT) scores in comparison with DMH (P = 0·021). Masticatory performance and saliva buffering capacity were similar among groups. Exclusive type 2 diabetes did not alter oral physiology, nutrition or quality of life. However, when hypertension and beta-blockers treatment were associated with diabetes, the salivary flow rate, chewing cycles and number of teeth decreased. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Clinical Performance of Pedo Jacket Crowns in Maxillary Anterior Primary Teeth.

PubMed

Castro, Aimee; Badr, Sherine B Y; El-Badrawy, Wafa; Kulkarni, Gajanan

2016-09-15

To assess the clinical performance of Pedo Jacket crowns for restoration of carious primary anterior teeth. A total of 129 carious primary incisors and canines of 48 children younger than 71 months of age- were restored with Pedo Jacket crowns and resin-modified glass ionomer cementation. They were assessed for: ease of use; presence of recurrent decay; wear; partial or complete loss of the crown; color stability; gingival health; and overall clinical success over a 12-month follow-up. The patient's behavior at the restorative appointment during crown placement was also assessed. An overall clinical success of 89.5 percent of the teeth in 87.3 percent of the children was seen one year later. The crowns were easy to use, even in uncooperative children. The color stability, wear, plaque accumulation, and gingival health were acceptable. Discoloration, wear, or complete loss of the crown were found in 13.1 percent, 5.4 percent, and 7.6 percent of children, respectively. Although not statistically significant, failures were associated with poor patient cooperation at the time of crown placement, poor oral hygiene, or operator error. Pedo Jacket crowns are a viable treatment alternative for carious maxillary primary anterior teeth.

Reconstruction-Based Digital Dental Occlusion of the Partially Edentulous Dentition.

PubMed

Zhang, Jian; Xia, James J; Li, Jianfu; Zhou, Xiaobo

2017-01-01

Partially edentulous dentition presents a challenging problem for the surgical planning of digital dental occlusion in the field of craniomaxillofacial surgery because of the incorrect maxillomandibular distance caused by missing teeth. We propose an innovative approach called Dental Reconstruction with Symmetrical Teeth (DRST) to achieve accurate dental occlusion for the partially edentulous cases. In this DRST approach, the rigid transformation between two symmetrical teeth existing on the left and right dental model is estimated through probabilistic point registration by matching the two shapes. With the estimated transformation, the partially edentulous space can be virtually filled with the teeth in its symmetrical position. Dental alignment is performed by digital dental occlusion reestablishment algorithm with the reconstructed complete dental model. Satisfactory reconstruction and occlusion results are demonstrated with the synthetic and real partially edentulous models.

Tooth loss in 1535 treated periodontal patients.

PubMed

Nabers, C L; Stalker, W H; Esparza, D; Naylor, B; Canales, S

1988-05-01

Of 1535 treated recall patients surveyed over an average time of 12.9 years since treatment was completed, 1371 had lost no teeth from periodontal disease. The total number of teeth lost was 444, with the average tooth loss for the 1535 patients being 0.29. In the three full arch splinted cases, the loss rate was 14.67 teeth per patient. Patients treated without any excisional or flap surgical procedures made up 26.5% of those surveyed, whereas 73.5% had required various surgical procedures. No attempt was made to compare different pocket therapy procedures. Although many patients developed recurrent periodontal problems during recall, only 15.9% of the 1535 patients required surgical retreatment. Teeth that were originally given a doubtful prognosis often were responsible for recurrent problems and sometimes required extraction.

Posttreatment quantification of patient experiences with full-arch implant treatment using a modification of the OHIP-14 questionnaire.

PubMed

Babbush, Charles A

2012-06-01

Patient well-being is always the goal of rehabilitation of edentulism; however, evaluations of treatment success often overlook the patient's subjective feelings about comfort, function, speech, social image, social inhibitions, psychological discomfort, and/or disabilities. The purpose of this study was to assess these patient responses using an oral health questionnaire. To assess such feelings, a self-administered 20-question multiple-choice patient-reported Edentulous Patient Impact Questionnaire was developed, based upon the previously validated Oral Health Impact Profile patient-assessment tool. Responses were solicited from randomly selected patients treated with an implant-supported, fixed, immediately loaded full arch prosthesis. The questionnaires were completed by 250 patients. Of the respondents, 95% described themselves as being either extremely satisfied (74%) or satisfied (21%) with their new teeth, and 98% said they would definitely recommend similar treatment (88%) or consider recommending it (10%) to a friend or colleague. Based upon an oral health impact survey completed by 250 patients treated with full-arch implant-supported, immediately loaded fixed dental prostheses, it appears that patient satisfaction is high and that treated patients would generally be willing to recommend this treatment to others.

Evaluation of odontological assistance to soldiers going on a mission, and prognostication of their odontological problems.

PubMed

Kelbauskiene, Nijole; Kelbauskas, Eduardas; Nedzelskiene, Irena

2006-01-01

The aim of the study was to evaluate the condition of the oral cavity in soldiers going on a military mission, the level of odontological assistance to them, and to prognosticate possible odontological problems during the mission period. We studied 50 soldiers going on a military mission in Iraq. During the study we applied odontological examination and panoramic imaging. We found that soldiers' teeth were treated, and they received comprehensive odontological assistance: 18% of soldiers had their teeth restored with single crowns and bridges, and 56% of soldiers had underwent endodontic treatment of their teeth. During the radiological examination we diagnosed individual cases of dental caries on the contact surfaces of teeth, and determined the level of the filling of root canals of endodontically treated teeth and the relationship of this level with radiological changes in apical periodontium. 67.3% of teeth had incompletely filled root canals, and radiological changes in their apical periodontium were reliably more frequent (80.6%) than in the apical periodontium of teeth with completely filled root canals (19.4%) (p<0.001). Of significant concern is the fact that frequently teeth with incompletely filled root canals and apical periodontal damage are restored using radical post-core and crowns. Radiological examination showed that in teeth with signs of chronic apical periodontitis and insufficient quality of filling, the condition may become more acute and cause odontological problems. A part of odontological problems in soldiers may be caused by incorrect position of the third molars in the jaw and possible aggravated eruption of these teeth.

Pulpal response in electrothermal debonding.

PubMed

Takla, P M; Shivapuja, P K

1995-12-01

An alternative method to conventional bracket removal that minimizes the potential for ceramic bracket failure as well as trauma to the enamel surface is electrothermal debonding (ETD). However, the potential for pulpal damage using ETD on ceramic brackets still needs assessment. The purpose of this research is to investigate and assess any pulpal damage caused by ETD. Ten patients requiring four premolar extractions each were randomly selected (5 boys and 5 girls). Ceramic brackets were bonded to experimental and control teeth. A total of 30 teeth were used to provide histologic material of the human pulp. Fifteen teeth were extracted 24 hours after ETD, seven were extracted 28 to 32 days after ETD, and eight were the control teeth and debonded by a conventional method, with pliers. The pulp was normal in most cases in the control group. There was significant hyperemia seen 24 hours after debonding in teeth debonded by ETD. Teeth extracted 30 days afer ETD showed varied responses, ranging from complete recovery in some cases to persistence of inflammation and pulpal fibrosis. Teeth subjected to the conventional debonding were normal histologically. The teeth in our research were healthy teeth with a rich blood supply and were from a younger age group. Patients with compromised teeth that have large restorations or a questionable pulpal status could behave more adversely to this significant amount of heat applied. In compromised cases and on older patients, performing pulp vitality tests before ETD may inform the operator about the status of the pulp and thereby prevent the potential for pulpal damage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Three-year outcomes of root canal treatment: Mining an insurance database.

PubMed

Raedel, Michael; Hartmann, Andrea; Bohm, Steffen; Walter, Michael H

2015-04-01

There is doubt whether success rates of root canal treatments reported from clinical trials are achievable outside of standardized study populations. The aim of this study was to analyse the outcome of a large number of root canal treatments conducted in general practice. The data was collected from the digital database of a major German national health insurance company. All teeth with complete treatment data were included. Only patients who had been insurance members for the whole 3-year period from 2010 to 2012 were eligible. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were conducted based on completed root canal treatments. Target events were re-interventions as (1) retreatment of the root canal treatment, (2) apical root resection (apicoectomy) and (3) extraction. The influences of vitality status and root numbers on survival were tested with the log-rank test. A total of 556,067 root canal treatments were included. The cumulative overall survival rate for all target events combined was 84.3% for 3 years. The survival rate for nonvital teeth (82.6%) was significantly lower than for vital teeth (85.6%; p<0.001). The survival rate for single rooted teeth (83.4%) was significantly lower than for multi-rooted teeth (85.5%; p<0.001). The most frequent target event was extraction followed by apical root resection and retreatment. Based on these 3-year outcomes, root canal treatment is considered a reliable treatment in practice routine under the conditions of the German national health insurance system. Root canal treatment can be considered as a reliable treatment option suitable to salvage most of the affected teeth. This statement applies to treatments that in the vast majority of cases were delivered by general practitioners under the terms and conditions of a nationwide health insurance system. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Standing intraoral extractions of cheek teeth aided by partial crown removal in 165 horses (2010-2016).

PubMed

Rice, M K; Henry, T J

2018-01-01

Diseased cheek teeth in horses often require invasive extraction techniques that carry a high rate of complications. Techniques and instrumentation were developed to perform partial crown removal to aid standing intraoral extraction of diseased cheek teeth in horses. To analyse success rates and post-surgical complications in horses undergoing cheek teeth extraction assisted by partial crown removal. Retrospective cohort study. This study included 165 horses with 194 diseased cheek teeth that were extracted orally assisted by partial crown removal between 2010 and 2016. Medical records were analysed, including case details, obtained radiographs, surgical reports and follow-up information. Follow-up information (≥2 months) was obtained for 151 horses (91.5%). There were 95 horses examined post-operatively by the authors and, 16 horses by the referring veterinarian; in 40 horses, post-operative follow up was obtained by informal telephone interviews with the owner. Successful standing intraoral extraction of cheek teeth was obtained in 164/165 horses (99.4%). Twenty-five of these horses (15.2%) required additional intraoral extraction methods to complete the extraction, including minimally invasive transbuccal approach (n = 21) and tooth sectioning (n = 4). There was one (0.6%) horse with intraoral extraction failure that required standing repulsion to complete the extraction. The intraoperative complication of fractured root tips occurred in 11/165 horses (6.7%). Post-operative complications occurred in 6/165 horses (3.6%), including alveolar sequestra (n = 4), mild delay of alveolar healing at 2 months (n = 1), and development of a persistent draining tract secondary to a retained root tip (n = 1). Specialised instrumentation and additional training in the technique are recommended to perform partial crown removal in horses. Horses with cheek teeth extraction by partial crown removal have an excellent prognosis for a positive outcome. The term partial coronectomy is proposed for this technique. © 2017 EVJ Ltd.

In Vitro Wear Resistance of Nano-Hybrid Composite Denture Teeth.

PubMed

Munshi, Nabeel; Rosenblum, Marc; Jiang, Shuying; Flinton, Robert

2017-04-01

To evaluate the wear resistance of nano-hybrid composite denture teeth as compared to two commonly used denture teeth: interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) and double crosslinking polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) denture teeth. 18 styli and 18 disk specimens were prepared from the three denture tooth materials: nano-hybrid composite, IPN, and double crosslinking PMMA. The specimens were mounted in a two-body wear testing machine to simulate chewing in the complete denture. The amount of wear from the styli specimens were measured before and after using a digital micrometer, and the depth of the wear track from the disk specimens was measured using a noncontact 3D optical profilometer. The total wear from each denture tooth group was compared using one-way ANOVA with a 0.05 significance level. A Tukey post hoc test was used to determine differences between the three groups. The mean total wear in the nano-hybrid composite teeth group was 1.16 mm, SD = 0.5 mm, statistically significantly higher (p ≤ 0.0001) than the IPN (mean = 0.13 mm, SD = 0.05) and double crosslinking PMMA tooth groups (mean = 0.31 mm, SD = 0.19). There was no statistically significant difference between IPN denture teeth and double crosslinking PMMA denture teeth in the amount of wear. Nano-hybrid composite denture teeth exhibited statistically significantly more wear than the IPN and double crosslinking PMMA denture teeth. © 2015 by the American College of Prosthodontists.

Prevalence of dental developmental anomalies: a radiographic study.

PubMed

Ezoddini, Ardakani F; Sheikhha, M H; Ahmadi, H

2007-09-01

To determine the prevalence of developmental dental anomalies in patients attending the Dental Faculty of Medical University of Yazd, Iran and the gender differences of these anomalies. A retrospective study based on the panoramic radiographs of 480 patients. Patients referred for panoramic radiographs were clinically examined, a detailed family history of any dental anomalies in their first and second degree relatives was obtained and finally their radiographs were studied in detail for the presence of dental anomalies. 40.8% of the patients had dental anomalies. The more common anomalies were dilaceration (15%), impacted teeth (8.3%) and taurodontism (7.5%) and supernumerary teeth (3.5%). Macrodontia and fusion were detected in a few radiographs (0.2%). 49.1% of male patients had dental anomalies compared to 33.8% of females. Dilaceration, taurodontism and supernumerary teeth were found to be more prevalent in men than women, whereas impacted teeth, microdontia and gemination were more frequent in women. Family history of dental anomalies was positive in 34% of the cases.. Taurodontism, gemination, dens in dente and talon cusp were specifically limited to the patients under 20 year's old, while the prevalence of other anomalies was almost the same in all groups. Dilaceration, impaction and taurodontism were relatively common in the studied populaton. A family history of dental anomalies was positive in a third of cases.

An animal model to study regenerative endodontics.

PubMed

Torabinejad, Mahmoud; Corr, Robert; Buhrley, Matthew; Wright, Kenneth; Shabahang, Shahrokh

2011-02-01

A growing body of evidence is demonstrating the possibility for regeneration of tissues within the pulp space and continued root development in teeth with necrotic pulps and open apices. There are areas of research related to regenerative endodontics that need to be investigated in an animal model. The purpose of this study was to investigate ferret cuspid teeth as a model to investigate factors involved in regenerative endodontics. Six young male ferrets between the ages of 36-133 days were used in this investigation. Each animal was anesthetized and perfused with 10% buffered formalin. Block sections including the mandibular and maxillary cuspid teeth and their surrounding periapical tissues were obtained, radiographed, decalcified, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin-eosin to determine various stages of apical closure in these teeth. The permanent mandibular and maxillary cuspid teeth with open apices erupted approximately 50 days after birth. Initial signs of closure of the apical foramen in these teeth were observed between 90-110 days. Complete apical closure was observed in the cuspid teeth when the animals were 133 days old. Based on the experiment, ferret cuspid teeth can be used to investigate various factors involved in regenerative endodontics that cannot be tested in human subjects. The most appropriate time to conduct the experiments would be when the ferrets are between the ages of 50 and 90 days. Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Development of coronal cementum in hypsodont horse cheek teeth.

PubMed

Sahara, Noriyuki

2014-04-01

The horse is a grazing herbivore whose cheek teeth are hypsodon; that is, they possess long crowns that are completely covered by coronal cement at eruption. For elucidation of the sequential events in the formation of this coronal cementum in the mandibular horse cheek teeth, in the present study the lower 3rd permanent premolar teeth (PM4 ) from 3.5-, 4-, and 5-year-old horses were compared by using radiography, microcomputed tomography (Miro-CT), light microscopy (LM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The present study clearly showed that prior to coronal cementogenesis tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive odontoclasts resorbed on the enamel surface of the reserve crown in horse cheek tooth. Enamel resorption areas were relatively narrow, and started from the cuspal tips, and moved in the apical direction during tooth development. A primary cementum was initially deposited on the irregularly pitted enamel-cementum junction (ECJ) of the infolding and peripheral enamel. The infolding cementum filled grooves completely by the time of tooth eruption. On the other hand, in the peripheral cementum, the secondary and tertiary cementum layers were sequentially deposited on the primary cementum. These two cementum layers were sites for the insertion of the periodontal ligaments, and were continually laid down on the primary cementum coronally rather than apically throughout the life. The results of the present study suggest that the coronal cementum of horse cheek teeth is a multistructural and multifunctional tissue, meeting the requirements of its many different functions. Copyright © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

[A rare complication during the surgical removal of an impacted maxillary third molar].

PubMed

Hoekema, A; Apperloo, R C; de Lange, J

2012-01-01

A 12-year-old boy was referred by his orthodontist due to the dysmorphic condition of the impacted teeth 18 and 28. Because teeth 17 and 27 were close related to the third molars, the decision was made to remove the impacted teeth under general anaesthesia. During luxation of tooth 28, it was accidentally displaced deeper into the socket. The tooth could still not be localized after the use of radiographs, an antrostomy, and surgical exploration. It was decided to leave the 28 in its place and to perform cone beam computertomography. This showed that tooth 28 was displaced into the infratemporal fossa. Since the patient was free of symptoms, a period of watchful waiting was initiated. A control visit and cone beam computertomography 9 months postoperatively revealed no signs or symptoms or changes in the position of the displaced tooth. It was therefore decided to leave the third molar in its displaced position. Displacement of a maxillary third molar into the infratemporal fossa is considered a rare complication.

Orthodontic Intervention to Impacted and Transposed Lower Canines

PubMed Central

Kılıç, Nihat

2017-01-01

Impacted and transposed teeth cause serious difficulties in tooth eruption and movement as well as esthetic and functional outcomes. Proper treatment planning including good biomechanical control is essential in order to avoid side effects during traction and aligning of the impacted and/or transposed teeth. The purpose of the present study was to present a successfully treated female patient having transposed and impacted lower canines by means of a modified lingual arch and fixed orthodontic appliance. A female patient aged 13 years and 9 months presented to the orthodontic department with a chief compliant of bilateral spacing and missing teeth in mandibular dentition. After leveling and creating sufficient space in the mandibular arch for the canines, a modified lingual arch was cemented to the mandibular first molars. The lingual arch had two hooks extending to the distobuccal areas of the canine spaces. Elastic chains were applied between the hooks on the lingual arch and the ligatures tied to the attachments on the canine crowns. The light forces generated by elastic materials caused impacted canines to erupt and tend towards their own spaces in the dental arch. As a result, impacted and transposed lower canines were properly positioned in their spaces, and the treatment results were stable during the retention period. PMID:28540090

Application of variable teeth pitch face mill as chatter suppression method for non-rigid technological system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Svinin, V. M.; Savilov, A. V.

2018-03-01

The article describes the results of experimental studies on the effects of variation type for variable teeth pitches on low-rigidity workpiece chatter suppression efficiency in a feed direction and in a direction of the normal to the machined surface. Mill operation performance was identified by comparing the amplitudes of dominant chatter harmonics using constant and variable teeth pitches. The following variable pitch formation variants were studied: alternative, linear rising, and linear rising falling. The angle difference of adjacent teeth pitches ranged from 0 to 10°, from 5 to 8° and from 5 to 10° with interval of 1°. The experiments showed that for all variants, machining dynamics performance resulted from the difference of adjacent pitches corresponding to a half the chatter wavelength along the cutting surface. The alternative nature of a variable teeth pitch is most efficient as it almost completely suppresses the chatters. Theoretical explanations of the results are presented

Early implant placement for a patient with ectodermal dysplasia: Thirteen years of clinical care.

PubMed

Knobloch, Lisa A; Larsen, Peter E; Saponaro, Paola C; L'Homme-Langlois, Emilie

2017-11-29

Patients with ectodermal dysplasia have abnormalities of 2 or more structures that originate from the ectoderm. The oral manifestations often include the congenital absence of teeth and malformed teeth. This clinical report describes the interdisciplinary care from childhood through the definitive dental rehabilitation completed at skeletal maturation to replace the missing teeth in a patient with ectodermal dysplasia. Treatment began at 9 years of age with an implant-assisted mandibular overdenture to improve function and replace the missing mandibular teeth. Orthodontic treatment for the consolidation of space, composite resin restorations, and interim removable dental prostheses were provided to improve esthetics and replace the missing maxillary teeth. Skeletal growth was monitored, and orthognathic surgery was performed at the cessation of growth. The definitive rehabilitation consisted of a mandibular fixed dental prosthesis supported by dental implants and a maxillary removable dental prosthesis to restore the patient to esthetics and function. Copyright © 2017 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Complete Overlay Denture for Pedodontic Patient with Severe Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

PubMed Central

Joseph, Elizabeth; Rupesh, Suresh; Mathew, Josey

2017-01-01

Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) is a hereditary condition that may affect both primary and permanent dentition and is characterized by abnormal dentin formation. The teeth may be discolored with chipping of enamel and, in untreated cases, the entire dentition may wear off to the gingiva. This may lead to the formation of abscesses, tooth mobility, and early loss of teeth. In the Indian population, DI is found to have an incidence of 0.09%. Treatment of DI should aim to remove infection, if any, from the oral cavity; restore form, function, and esthetics; and protect posterior teeth from wear for maintaining the occlusal vertical dimension. Treatment strategies should be selected based on the presenting complaint of the patient, patient’s age, and severity of the problem. This case report presents the management of severe DI with tooth worn off until gingival level in a very young patient using complete overlay denture, which has not been reported earlier. How to cite this article: Syriac G, Joseph E, Rupesh S, Mathew J. Complete Overlay Denture for Pedodontic Patient with Severe Dentinogenesis Imperfecta. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(4):394-398. PMID:29403236

Recovery of multiple impacted maxillary teeth in a hyperdivergent Class I patient using Temporary Skeletal Anchorage Devices and augmented corticotomy.

PubMed

Kim, Kyung A; Hwang, Hyeon-Shik; Chung, Kyu-Rhim; Kim, Seong-Hun; Nelson, Gerald

2018-01-01

Treatment of multiple impacted teeth is challenging. Three-dimensional treatment planning can help in delivering a better outcome. This case report presents a patient with an incomplete dental transposition between the canine and lateral incisor of the maxillary right side associated with the impaction of a dilacerated right central incisor. Using a two-stage surgical exposure and augmented corticotomy, the patient's occlusion and smile esthetics were significantly improved, and Class I occlusal relationships with optimal overjet and overbite were achieved after 50 months of orthodontic treatment. Thirty-month posttreatment records revealed a stable result.

Analysis of body mass index, the mandible, and dental alveolar arch factors in prediction of mandibular third molar impaction: a pilot study.

PubMed

Akinbami, Babatunde O; Didia, Blessing C

2010-12-01

The aim of this study was to determine how some physical characteristics can be used to predict the occurrence of impacted mandibular third molars. While the concept of prophylactic removal of the asymptomatic erupting or impacted mandibular third molar has generated much controversy over the years, new theories of therapeutic surgical removal of the erupting tooth and therapeutic agenesis of the tooth bud are emerging. However, there are a few studies that address the anthropometric factors that could predict an impacted mandibular third molar. The study included Nigerian patients of both genders who were at least 16 years of age. A total of 83 subjects participated in the study; there were 44 (53 percent) females and 39 (47 percent) males. Eighty-one (97.6 percent) of the participants were between 16 and 23 years old, while 2 (2.4 percent) were between 30 and 39 years old, of which 44 (53 percent) were women and 39 (47 percent) were men. There were 38 (45.8 percent) cases of impaction and 45 (54.2 percent) cases of unimpacted third molar. The mean and standard deviation values of BMI for the two groups in males and females were 21.10±1.90, 22.40±2.70 and 22.00±2.40, 22.30±1.99 respectively, with no significant difference, p>0.05, CI 95%. The two determinant factors of impaction were mandibular length and the difference between alveolar arch length (p=0.04) and total teeth size. Both of these variables had significant inverse correlations with impaction values of p=0.04 and p=0.003, respectively. The prediction values were 59 percent for mandibular length and 81.9 percent for differences between mandibular length and teeth sizes, respectively. The synthesized prediction value by the two determinant factors is 75.6 percent.The subjects were divided into two categories: presence of impaction (Group 1) and absence of impaction (Group 2). Impaction of the mandibular third molar was assessed by clinical and radiographic evaluation. Body mass index (BMI) of each subject was determined by measuring the body weight (BW) and body height (BH), then dividing the weight of the body by the square of the height. The mandibular index (MI) was assessed by measuring the length and width of the mandible (MW). It was calculated by dividing the width of the mandible by the length of the mandible. The mandibular length (ML) consisted of the total teeth sizes of the three anterior teeth, the two premolars, and the first and second molars. These dimensions were measured with a divider/ruler and recorded. The anterior-posterior distance of the arch from the midline to the retromolar pad (alveolar arch length) also was measured. The prediction of mandibular third molar impaction was mainly dependent on two factors: the length of the mandible and the difference between arch length and total teeth size. Small mandible, small dental arch, and large teeth are risk factors that are strongly associated with the occurrence of impacted third molars.

Reconstruction-based Digital Dental Occlusion of the Partially Edentulous Dentition

PubMed Central

Zhang, Jian; Xia, James J.; Li, Jianfu; Zhou, Xiaobo

2016-01-01

Partially edentulous dentition presents a challenging problem for the surgical planning of digital dental occlusion in the field of craniomaxillofacial surgery because of the incorrect maxillomandibular distance caused by missing teeth. We propose an innovative approach called Dental Reconstruction with Symmetrical Teeth (DRST) to achieve accurate dental occlusion for the partially edentulous cases. In this DRST approach, the rigid transformation between two symmetrical teeth existing on the left and right dental model is estimated through probabilistic point registration by matching the two shapes. With the estimated transformation, the partially edentulous space can be virtually filled with the teeth in its symmetrical position. Dental alignment is performed by digital dental occlusion reestablishment algorithm with the reconstructed complete dental model. Satisfactory reconstruction and occlusion results are demonstrated with the synthetic and real partially edentulous models. PMID:26584502

Prosthetic contingencies for future tooth loss.

PubMed

Kaldahl, W B; Becker, C M

1985-01-01

Possible contingencies for future natural tooth loss that can and should be built into prostheses have been reviewed. These contingencies provide a measure of security to the patient and the dentist when attempting to maintain teeth that appear to have a guarded prognosis. Without a contingency these questionable teeth would be extracted early in therapy from fear that a completely new prosthesis would have to be made if they were lost at a later time. In maintaining more natural teeth, the patient has better function, more occlusal and vertical support, longer maintenance of the alveolar ridge, more support for the prosthesis, and more remaining teeth to share all the forces. This approach of building in contingencies for future tooth loss allows the patient and the dentist the freedom to attempt therapy on abutments with a guarded prognosis with little financial risk.

[A clinical study of endodontic flare-ups].

PubMed

Yeh, S J; Lin, Y T; Lu, S Y

1994-06-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical variables influencing endodontic flare-ups. Three hundred and thirteen teeth receiving endodontic treatment at the Endodontic Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital were studied from December 1992 to February 1993. Among them, 21 teeth with significant pain and 9 with apical swelling were noted after the first appointment of treatment. Three teeth with persistent pain and one with apical swelling were also found one week after completion of endodontic therapy. The results showed significant improvement of clinical symptoms and signs one week after completion of endodontic treatment in comparison with pretreatment and after the first appointment (p < 0.025). The factors such as presence of pretreatment complaints, periapical lesions and vital pulp had significant effects on the incidence of endodontic flare-ups after the first appointment of treatment (P < 0.025). In contrast, patients' sex, the number of visits, and whether this was a retreatment case or not had no significant effect on the frequency of these endodontic flare-ups.

Impaction of lower third molars and their association with age: radiological perspectives.

PubMed

Ryalat, Soukaina; AlRyalat, Saif Aldeen; Kassob, Zaid; Hassona, Yazan; Al-Shayyab, Mohammad H; Sawair, Faleh

2018-04-04

Third molars are the most commonly impacted teeth, and their extraction is the most commonly performed procedure in oral and maxillofacial surgery. The aim of the present study is to describe the pattern of mandibular third molar impaction and to define the most appropriate age for prophylactic extraction of mandibular third molar teeth. A total of 1198 orthopantomographs (OPGs) with 1810 impacted lower third molars were reviewed by two authors. The pattern of eruption in relation to patient's age was examined using standard radiographic points and angles. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS for Windows release 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). In patients older than 20 years, vertical pattern of impaction was the most common (21.4%); while in young patients; horizontal impaction was more common (21.3%). Furthermore, there was a constant pattern of increase in Pell-Gregory ramus class 1 with increasing age, as the prevalence of class 1 was 0% at age 18 years compared to 54.9% at the age of 26 years. Frequency of vertical impaction of lower third molars was seen more at an older age (> 20 years) in this study, with an increase in the retromolar space. Late extraction of mandibular third molar teeth (i.e. after the age of 20) is therefore recommended when prophylactic extraction is considered.

[Preemptive analgesia with loxoprofen sodiumorally in extraction of impacted teeth].

PubMed

Meng, T; Zhang, Z Y; Zhang, X; Chen, Y H; Li, J Q; Chen, Q; Liu, W S; Gao, W

2018-02-18

To investigate the effectiveness of preemptive analgesia with loxoprofen sodium orally, which was a kind of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, in extractions of mandibular impacted third teeth. There were questionnaires about postoperative pain for patients whose mandibular impacted third teeth were extracted from July 2017 to August 2017 in First Clinical Division of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. All the patients did their routine clinical examinations and imaging examinations. After their mandibular impacted third teeth were extracted, the questionnaires were sent to them. The questionnaires were filled in by the patients on their own and returned one week later. There were 120 questionnaires that were sent and 105 questionnaires returned, of which 98 questionnaires were filled in completely. According to the inclusive criteria and exclusion criteria, 66 questionnaires were totally selected in this study. According to the time when the patients took their loxoprofen sodium orally firstly, the patients were divided into 3 groups. The first group was for patients who didn't take loxoprofen sodium during their extractions (non-medicine group). The second group was for patients who took 60 mg loxoprofen sodium 30 min before their extractions (preoperative group). The third group was for patients who took 60 mg loxoprofen sodium 30 min after their extractions (postoperative group). The operation time among the 3 groups was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis method. The postoperative time points were 2, 4, 12,24 and 48 h after operation. The scores of visual analogue scales (VAS) for postoperative pain in each group at different postoperative time points were analyzed by Friedman method. At each postoperative time point, VAS scores in the different groups were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis me-thod. The numbers of the patients taking loxoprofen sodium home and drug adverse reactions were also analyzed. The operation time of the 3 groups was 15.0 (5.0,30.0) min and had no significant differences (P=0.848).VAS scores of non-medicine group 2,4, 12,24 and 48 h after operation were 1.75 (0.1,10.0), 6.25 (1.5,10.0), 2.00 (0.1,8.0), 2.00 (0.1,6.0) and 0.5 (0.1,5.5) separately and had significant differences (P<0.001).The VAS score at 4 h after operation was higher than the VAS scores at other time points after operation (P<0.005). Four hours after the operations, the VAS scores of preoperative group [2.0 (0.1,10.0)] and postoperative group [2.0 (0.1,5.0)] were lower significantly than those of non-medicine group [6.25 (1.5,10.0)] (P<0.001).The numbers of the patients taking loxoprofen sodium home were 9(40.9%) in non-medicine group,5(21.8%) in preoperative group and 7(33.3%) in postoperative group. The number of the patients who had drug adverse reactions in preoperative group (n=3,13.0%) and in postoperative group (n=4,19.0%) was less than the number of the patients who had drug adverse reactions in non-medicine group (n=8,36.4%). There were two protocols of preemptive analgesia with loxoprofen sodium orally in extractions of mandibular impacted third teeth, which were taking 60 mg loxoprofen sodium orally 30 min before the extractions and taking 60 mg loxoprofen sodium orally 30 min after the extractions. Both of the two preemptive analgesia protocols could decrease the postoperative pain significantly.

Socio-behavioral predictors of changes in dentition status: a prospective analysis of the 1942 Swedish birth cohort.

PubMed

Åstrøm, Anne N; Ekback, Gunnar; Ordell, Sven; Unell, Lennart

2011-08-01

Using a prospective cohort design, this study assessed loss of natural teeth between ages 50 and 65. Guided by a conceptual framework grouping variables according to the life-course stage at which they would be expected to operate, this study assessed the impacts of socio-behavioral and disease-related factors on tooth loss between ages 50 and 65. In 1992, all 50-year-olds in two counties of Sweden were invited to participate in a longitudinal questionnaire survey. Of the total population of 8,888 subjects, 6,346 responded (71.4%). Of the 6346 subjects who completed the 1992 questionnaire, 4,143 (65%) completed postal follow-ups at ages 55, 60 and 65. For the total sample, the prevalence of having lost at least some teeth increased from 76% at age 50-85.5% at age 65. A total of 14% women and 13% men changed from having all teeth in 1992 to having tooth loss in 2007. Stepwise logistic regression analyses focused on predictors of tooth loss between 1992 and 2007. The following life-stage predictors achieved or approached statistical significance with respect to overall tooth loss; country of birth and education (early life and young adult life stage), marital status, dental care avoidance because of high cost, smoking and reporting consistent pain (middle-age and early-old-age life stage). Fewer substantial proportions of the 1942 cohort experienced tooth loss between ages 50 and 65. Tooth loss was highly prevalent from age 50 and increased moderately with increasing age. Oral disease-related factors and socio-behavioral characteristics such as refraining from dental care because of financial limitations, acting at earlier and later life-course stages were major risk factors for having tooth loss. Early primary prevention of smoking and increased equitable access to dental care might improve tooth retention throughout the transition from middle age to early-older age. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

Oral impacts on daily performances in white-collar port workers in Nellore, India - a cross-sectional study.

PubMed

Soundarya Chowdary, Mandava; Sudhir, Kudlur Maheswarappa; Reddy, Vuyurru Chandrasekhara; Krishna Kumar, Rachakorda Veera Venkata Sathya Sai; Srinivasulu, Gomasani

2016-01-01

Oral diseases not only cause pain, but severely impair large number of individuals and can affect various aspects of life, including oral functions, appearance and interpersonal relationships. The aim of the study was to assess the interrelationship between oral impact on daily performance (OIDP) scores, socio-demographic characteristics, dental caries experience and periodontal status. A cross-sectional descriptive epidemiological study was conducted on a sample of 250 white-collar port workers who were willing to participate. OIDP was assessed using pre-validated questionnaire. Oral health status was assessed using modified World Health Organisation (1997) Proforma. Test of association was conducted between the OIDP score, socio-demographic variables, and periodontal status; loss of attachment was determined by using chi-square statistics and Mann-Whitney test. Logistic regression was performed to identify significant predictors of OIDP scores by inputting clinical oral examination variables into the equation, stepwise. A total of 250 white-collar workers in the port participated in the study with mean age of 34.67 ± 6.36. Among them, 219 were males and 31 were females. The OIDP items most commonly affected by oral health status were eating and enjoying food (48.4%), cleaning teeth (48%), sleeping and relaxing (44.4%).There was statistically significant relationship between missing teeth in the decayed missing filled teeth component and OIDP score (p < 0.001). The participants with caries have a greater odd (2.11) of having OIDP score ≥ 1 than those without caries. The participants with missing teeth have a greater odd (3.60) of having OIDP score ≥ 1. The participants in the age group of 31-40 years had a greater odd (2.80) of having OIDP score ≥ 1. Oral health had an impact on the quality of life of white-collar workers in the port. Physical functions of teeth like eating and cleaning of teeth, sleeping and relaxing were more affected.

Dental caries in Arab League countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PubMed

Khan, Soban Qadir

2014-08-01

The aim of this review was to determine prevalence of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in the 2-20-year-old population of the Arab league. A literature search was performed on Pubmed, Summon and Google Scholar using the key words 'Dental caries', 'dmft' and 'DMFT'. A total of 293 articles were found, of which 35 passed our inclusion criteria and were included in analysis. Tables were made separately for primary and permanent teeth; the age group for primary teeth was 2-12 years and for permanent teeth 6-20 years. A meta-analysis was run by using data extracted from the studies included. Heterogeneity was tested by forest plot and chi-square test, and considerable heterogeneity was found. Mean decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft) was 4.341 (95% CI 3.714, 4.969) and in permanent teeth (DMFT) was 2.469 (95% CI 2.019, 2.919) from a random effect model. Publication bias diagnostics suggested missing of four studies of primary teeth caries data and eight studies of permanent teeth caries data to obtain symmetry in the funnel plot. The incidence of caries in primary teeth was found to be high compared with caries in permanent teeth in the Arab League. This study does not provide a comprehensive picture of caries prevalence in the Arab League because in many of these countries only a few studies were performed. Therefore, these data cannot provide a complete picture of the prevalence of caries in those countries. Additional studies are needed to better evaluate the prevalence of caries in children and young adults in Arab League countries. © 2014 FDI World Dental Federation.

Influence of Apical Diameter on the Outcome of Regenerative Endodontic Treatment in Teeth with Pulp Necrosis: A Review.

PubMed

Fang, Yanjun; Wang, Xinhuan; Zhu, Jingjing; Su, Chaonan; Yang, Ying; Meng, Liuyan

2018-03-01

The aim of this review was to evaluate whether the apical diameter of teeth with necrotic pulp affects the outcomes of regenerative endodontic treatment and to determine the minimal apical size needed to obtain proper pulp revascularization. A literature search was performed from January 1, 2001, to November 25, 2016. Studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria were subjected to data extraction and analysis. In total, 14 studies with 85 patients were included. There were 10 case reports, 3 case series, and 1 prospective cohort study. The apical diameters of the teeth were divided into 3 groups: a narrow-sized group (group N), <0.5 mm (n = 10); a medium-sized group (group M), 0.5-1.0 mm (n = 25); and a wide-sized group (group W), >1.0 mm (n = 60). In group N, 1 tooth failed, 2 teeth completely healed, and 7 teeth incompletely healed. In group M, 2 teeth were excluded, and 1 tooth failed. In group W, 3 teeth were excluded, and 4 teeth failed. The clinical success rates were 90%, 95.65%, and 92.98% in groups N, M, and W, respectively. Within the limitations, the teeth with apical diameters <1.0 mm achieved clinical success after regenerative endodontic treatment. Meanwhile, the teeth with apical diameters of 0.5-1.0 mm attained the highest clinical success rate, which may be related to other potential factors, including patient age, pulp necrosis etiology, preoperative apical radiolucency, procedure details, follow-up period, and sample size. Copyright © 2017 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Characterization of Coronal Pulp Cells and Radicular Pulp Cells in Human Teeth.

PubMed

Honda, Masaki; Sato, Momoko; Toriumi, Taku

2017-09-01

Dental pulp has garnered much attention as an easily accessible postnatal tissue source of high-quality mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Since the discovery of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in permanent third molars, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth and from supernumerary teeth (mesiodentes) have been identified as a population distinct from DPSCs. Dental pulp is divided into 2 parts based on the developing stage: the coronal pulp and the radicular pulp. Root formation begins after the crown part is completed. We performed a sequential study to examine the differences between the characteristics of coronal pulp cells (CPCs) and radicular pulp cells (RPCs) from permanent teeth, mesiodentes, and deciduous teeth. Interestingly, although we have not obtained any data on the difference between CPCs and RPCs in permanent teeth, there are some differences between the characteristics of CPCs and RPCs from mesiodentes and deciduous teeth. The MSC characteristics differed between the RPCs and CPCs, and the reprogramming efficiency for the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells was greater in RPCs than in CPCs from deciduous teeth. The proportion of CD105 + cells in CPCs versus that in RPCs varied in mesiodentes but not in permanent teeth. The results indicate that the proportion of CD105 + cells is an effective means of characterizing dental pulp cells in mesiodentes. Taken together, the stem cells in deciduous and supernumerary teeth share many characteristics, such as a high proliferation rate and an immunophenotype similar to that of DPSCs. Thus, mesiodentes accidentally encountered on radiographs by the general dental practitioner might be useful for stem cell therapy. Copyright © 2017 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[Quantitative evaluation of fabricating complete denture by computer numerical control in manufacturing dentition and baseplate separately plus adhesive molding].

PubMed

Wang, H; Lv, P J; Wang, Y; Sun, Y C

2016-10-18

To quantitatively evaluate the assembly precision of fabricating complete denture by computer numerical control (CNC) in manufacturing dentition and baseplate separately plus adhesive molding. The 3D surface data of a standard edentulous maxilla plaster cast model and the temporary base-plate were obtained using an Activity 880 3D scanner. The data (data1) of a complete denture were designed using a set of computer aided design (CAD) software developed by the research group of this study. The pins without undercut were designed as 3D shape of the joining area of the dentition and the baseplate by using the software of Imageware 13.2 and Geomagic Studio 2013. Zero in the top and 0.05 mm in the rest surfaces of the retention pins were set for adhesive clearance. Zenotec T1 (5-axis milling machine) was employed to manufacture polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) dentition and baseplate. Double sides posterior and one anterior "union teeth" were got. The teeth were inserted into the retention pins in the baseplate and cemented with self-curing resin (Huge Dental Material Co., Ltd). The denture was scanned with the 3D scanner to obtain dataset Data4. Data2 and Data3 registration was set in Data4, Data2 and Data3 were united to gain Data 5. The adhesive clearance on the top of the retentional pins was measured, which was originally designed into 0 mm, and the assembly precision of dentition and baseplate obtained. The average clearance measurements between the dentition and the baseplate: left molar teeth (0.44±0.04) mm, max 0.52 mm, min 0.29 mm; right molar teeth (0.52±0.07) mm, max 0.64 mm, min 0.28 mm; anterior teeth (0.60±0.10) mm, max 0.81 mm, min 0.40 mm; total average clearance (0.52±0.10) mm. The adhesive clearance can be controlled to the level of 0.5 mm when the joining part of the artificial teeth and the base was designed into the shape of retentional pins and the artificial dentition divided into 3 parts. We succeeded in using the CAD/ computer aided manufacturing (CAM) technology to fabricate the complete denture. Although the assembly precision of the dentition and the baseplate is not perfect, the results have proved that the technical routes are workable.

A Retrospective Radiographic Survey of Pathology Associated with Impacted Third Molars among Patients Seen in Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic of College of Dentistry, Riyadh.

PubMed

Khawaja, Naveed Ahmad; Khalil, Hesham; Parveen, Kauser; Al-Mutiri, Abdulmajeed; Al-Mutiri, Saif; Al-Saawi, Abdullah

2015-04-01

The purpose of this study is to determine the type and frequency of pathological conditions around third molar teeth among randomly selected patient's records in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh. Totally, 281 patient panoramic radiographs were selected with detectable pathology among 570 files of patients seen in oral and maxillofacial surgery clinics 2 years retrospectively. Almost 17-55 years age (mean age 25.43) was selected. The following radiographs were analyzed for all pathology associated impacted teeth; dental caries, bone resorption, periodontitis, and apical pathology. The study found caries, external bone resorption and periodontitis are highly frequent to mesioangular and horizontal in mandibular impacted third molar compared to maxillary impacted third molar. Overall result evaluated that tooth #28 related periodontitis is significant (P = 0.021), and tooth #38 related bone resorption, tooth #48 related root caries, bone resorption and apical pathology are highly significant (P = 0.000) comparing to others. This study also concluded the high frequency of root caries, bone resorption and apical pathology reported in relation to mandibular impacted third teeth. Significant results were also achieved with periodontitis in relation to mesiangular and vertical angulation of left impacted maxillary third molars. Prophylactic removal of impacted third molars is recommended in many studies to avoid future risk of associated pathology. Retained asymptomatic impacted third molars imply pathology that could be difficult in later ages as less morbidity in younger ages.

Primate dental ecology: How teeth respond to the environment.

PubMed

Cuozzo, Frank P; Ungar, Peter S; Sauther, Michelle L

2012-06-01

Teeth are central for the study of ecology, as teeth are at the direct interface between an organism and its environment. Recent years have witnessed a rapid growth in the use of teeth to understand a broad range of topics in living and fossil primate biology. This in part reflects new techniques for assessing ways in which teeth respond to, and interact with, an organism's environment. Long-term studies of wild primate populations that integrate dental analyses have also provided a new context for understanding primate interactions with their environments. These new techniques and long-term field studies have allowed the development of a new perspective-dental ecology. We define dental ecology as the broad study of how teeth respond to, or interact with, the environment. This includes identifying patterns of dental pathology and tooth use-wear, as they reflect feeding ecology, behavior, and habitat variation, including areas impacted by anthropogenic disturbance, and how dental development can reflect environmental change and/or stress. The dental ecology approach, built on collaboration between dental experts and ecologists, holds the potential to provide an important theoretical and practical framework for inferring ecology and behavior of fossil forms, for assessing environmental change in living populations, and for understanding ways in which habitat impacts primate growth and development. This symposium issue brings together experts on dental morphology, growth and development, tooth wear and health, primate ecology, and paleontology, to explore the broad application of dental ecology to questions of how living and fossil primates interact with their environments. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Allogeneic stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) for the management of periapical lesions in permanent teeth: Two case reports of a novel biologic alternative treatment

PubMed Central

Prasad, Madu Ghana Shyam; Ramakrishna, Juvva; Babu, Duvvi Naveen

2017-01-01

Stem cells are the pluripotent cells that have the capacity to differentiate into other specialized cells. Recently, many experiments have been conducted to study the potentiality of stem cells in the tissue regeneration. We report two cases treated utilizing stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) in the management of periapical lesions in permanent teeth. Two normal human deciduous teeth from children, 7‒8 years of age, were collected to isolate stem cells. Two patients, one with periapical pathology alone and the other with periapical lesion along with an open apex in young permanent teeth, were selected for the study. After initial debridement of the root canals, homing of SHED was carried out and the access cavity was sealed using glass-ionomer cement. Clinical examination after 7 days, 30 days, 90 days, 180 days and 365 days revealed no symptoms. Closure of open apex and periapical tissue healing were observed radiographically at one-month review and maintained until 365-day review. Positive response to electric pulp testing was recorded for the treated teeth from the 3- to 12-month follow-ups. The treated cases demonstrated complete resolution of periapical radiolucency in a span of 30 days, which was faster than the conventional methods. SHED could be considred effective in treating the periapical lesions and open apex in permanent teeth. PMID:28748053

Influence of the remaining coronal structure on the resistance of teeth with intraradicular retainer.

PubMed

Pereira, Jefferson Ricardo; Neto, Tatiany de Mendonça; Porto, Vinícius de Carvalho; Pegoraro, Luiz Fernando; do Valle, Accácio Lins

2005-01-01

The aim of this study was to compare the resistance of endodontically treated teeth with intraradicular retainer different amounts of remaining coronal structure. Fifty freshly extracted maxillary canines were endodontically treated and randomly assigned to five groups (n=10), as follows: group 1 (control) = teeth with custom cast post and core; group 2 = teeth without remaining coronal structure; group 3, 4 and 5 = teeth with 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm of remaining coronal structure, respectively. All specimens in groups 2 to 5 were restored with prefabricated post and resin core. The teeth were embedded in acrylic resin and the fracture strength was measured on a universal testing machine at 45 degrees to the long axis of the tooth until failure. Data were analyzed statistically by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test. There was no significant differences (p>0.05) between the control group and group 2, and between groups 3, 4 and 5 (p>0.05). Control group and group 2 had significantly higher resistance strength than groups 3, 4 and 5 (p<0.00001). The findings of this study showed that teeth without remaining coronal structure had significantly higher fracture strength than those with remaining coronal structure (1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm). When the dental crown was not completely removed, the amount of remaining coronal dentin did not significantly affect the fracture strength of endodontically treated teeth with intraradicular retainer.

Study of external root resorption during orthodontic treatment in root filled teeth compared with their contralateral teeth with vital pulps.

PubMed

Llamas-Carreras, J M; Amarilla, A; Solano, E; Velasco-Ortega, E; Rodríguez-Varo, L; Segura-Egea, J J

2010-08-01

To determine whether root filled teeth and those with vital pulps exhibit a similar degree of external root resorption (ERR) as a consequence of orthodontic treatment. The study sample consisted of 77 patients, with a mean age of 32.7 +/- 10.7 years, who had one root filled tooth before completion of multiband/bracket orthodontic therapy for at least 1 year. For each patient, digital panoramic radiographs taken before and after orthodontic treatment were used to determine the proportion of external root resorption (PRR), defined as the ratio between the root resorption in the root filled tooth and that in its contralateral tooth with a vital pulp. The student's t-test, anova and logistic regression analysis were used to determine statistical significance. The mean PRR was 1.00 +/- 0.13, indicating that, in the total sample, there were no significant differences in root resorption in the root filled teeth and their contralateral teeth with vital pulps. Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that PRR was significantly greater in incisors (P = 0.0014; odds ratio = 6.2885, C.I. 95% = 2.0-19.4), compared to other teeth, and in women (P = 0.0255; odds ratio = 4.2, C.I. 95% = 1.2-14.6), compared to men. There was no significant difference in the amount or severity of external root resorption during orthodontic movement between root filled teeth and their contralateral teeth with vital pulps.

Dental esthetics and its impact on psycho-social well-being and dental self confidence: a campus based survey of north Indian university students.

PubMed

Afroz, Shaista; Rathi, Shraddha; Rajput, Geeta; Rahman, Sajjad Abdur

2013-12-01

To evaluate the subjects perceived satisfaction of their dental appearance and to compare it with a various attitudes and practices which may affect social and psychological behavior and dental self confidence. This was a questionnaire based cross-sectional study done in the campus of Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (India). 426 students participated in the study. Questions were pooled in from various components of psychosocial impact of dental esthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ) for various attitudes and practices. Quantitative analysis was done using descriptive analysis and Chi square test using SPSS software. Majority of subjects (57.7 %) was highly satisfied with their smile, more than one-third (37.3 %) were satisfied and there were only 4.9 % subjects who were not satisfied with their smile. Tooth color was the most common (27.9 %) smile component causing dissatisfaction amongst the subjects. More than two-fifth (42.5 %) liked to show their teeth, one-half (49.5 %) liked to see their teeth in mirror, photographs and videos, almost one quarter (23.9 %) subjects used to hide their teeth while smiling. As compared to females, significantly higher proportion of males was conscious of opposite sex while smiling. The proportion of subjects which was highly satisfied with their smile was significantly higher for the item 'like to show their teeth and who liked to see their teeth in mirror, photographs and video' whereas for all the other items the proportion of respondents which was not satisfied with their smile was significantly higher. Self perceived satisfaction of dental esthetics has positive impact on person's social and psychological behavior and dental self confidence.

Assessment and Evaluation of Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of Patients with Dental Implants Using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) - A Clinical Study.

PubMed

Alzarea, Bader K

2016-04-01

Peri-implant tissue health is a requisite for success of dental implant therapy. Plaque accumulation leads to initiation of gingivitis around natural teeth and peri-implantitis around dental implants. Peri-implantitis around dental implants may result in implant placement failure. For obtaining long-term success, timely assessment of dental implant site is mandatory. To assess and evaluate Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of individuals with dental implants using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Total 92 patients were evaluated for assessment of the health of peri-implant tissues by recording, Plaque Index (PI), Probing Pocket Depth (PD), Bleeding On Probing (BOP) and Probing Attachment Level (PAL) as compared to contra-lateral natural teeth (control). In the same patients Quality of Life Assessment was done by utilizing Oral Health Impact Profile Index (OHIP-14). The mean plaque index around natural teeth was more compared to implants and it was statistically significant. Other three dimensions mean bleeding on probing; mean probing attachment level and mean pocket depth around both natural teeth and implant surfaces was found to be not statistically significant. OHIP-14 revealed that patients with dental implants were satisfied with their Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). Similar inflammatory conditions are present around both natural teeth and implant prostheses as suggested by results of mean plaque index, mean bleeding on probing, mean pocket depth and mean probing attachment level, hence reinforcing the periodontal health maintenance both prior to and after incorporation of dental implants. Influence of implant prostheses on patient's oral health related quality of life (as depicted by OHIP-14) and patients' perceptions and expectations may guide the clinician in providing the best implant services.

Functional fixation of autotransplanted tooth germs by using bioresorbable membranes.

PubMed

Gérard, Eric; Membre, Hervé; Gaudy, Jean-François; Mahler, Patrick; Bravetti, Pierre

2002-12-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the contribution of a bioresorbable membrane placement to the healing of immature teeth after autotransplantation of tooth buds. Six cases were selected: 2 transplantations of wisdom teeth, 2 for premolar agenesis, 1 for ectopia, and 1 premolar in an incisor position. The crown of each tooth germ and the marginal alveolar bone were covered with a resorbable membrane. The radicular edification was nearly complete, neither ankylosis nor inflammatory resorption was observable, the pulp vitality was preserved, and the periodontal integration was identical to that of other teeth. The membrane ensured contention and stabilization of the transplant, allowed functional stimulation, permitted protection of the coagulum and periodontal cells, and kept the epithelium at a distance. The transplantations of immature teeth were improved by the use of a resorbable membrane, which caused an optimal functional fixation of the transplanted tooth.

Pulp revascularization of immature teeth with apical periodontitis: a clinical study.

PubMed

Ding, Rui Yu; Cheung, Gary Shun-pan; Chen, Jie; Yin, Xing Zhe; Wang, Qian Qian; Zhang, Cheng Fei

2009-05-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a pulpal revascularization procedure for immature necrotic teeth with apical periodontitis. Twelve patients, each with an immature permanent tooth with chronic or acute apical periodontitis, were recruited. A triantibiotic mix (ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and minocycline) was used to disinfect the pulp for 1 week. Then a blood clot was created in the canal, over which grey mineral trioxide aggregate was placed. Patients were recalled periodically. Six patients dropped from the study (as a result of pain or failure to induce bleeding after canal disinfection) and instead received a standard apexification procedure. Another 3 patients did not attend any recall appointments. The remaining teeth (n = 3) were found to exhibit complete root development, with a positive response to pulp testing. Revascularization could be effective for managing immature permanent teeth with apical periodontitis with appropriate case selection.

Single visit nonsurgical endodontic therapy for periapical cysts: A clinical study

PubMed Central

Maity, Ipsita; Meena, N.; Kumari, R. Anitha

2014-01-01

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of single sitting root canal treatment (RCT) of asymptomatic teeth with periapical cysts. Materials and Methods: Ten maxillary anterior teeth showing periapical lesion on the radiograph was further screened by ultrasound with color power Doppler (CPD) for confirmation of a cyst. The average dimension of the lesions ranged from 1.3 to 1.9 cm. Single sitting RCT was performed on all the selected teeth. Postoperative healing was monitored at regular interval of 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year by using subjective feedback, radiograph, and ultrasound with CPD study. Results: Eight among the ten cases showed either signs of complete healing or healing in progress by the end of 6-12 months. Conclusions: It was observed that single sitting nonsurgical endodontic management of asymptomatic teeth with periapical cyst confirmed by ultrasound was successful in selected cases. PMID:24963246

Single visit nonsurgical endodontic therapy for periapical cysts: A clinical study.

PubMed

Maity, Ipsita; Meena, N; Kumari, R Anitha

2014-04-01

The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of single sitting root canal treatment (RCT) of asymptomatic teeth with periapical cysts. Ten maxillary anterior teeth showing periapical lesion on the radiograph was further screened by ultrasound with color power Doppler (CPD) for confirmation of a cyst. The average dimension of the lesions ranged from 1.3 to 1.9 cm. Single sitting RCT was performed on all the selected teeth. Postoperative healing was monitored at regular interval of 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year by using subjective feedback, radiograph, and ultrasound with CPD study. Eight among the ten cases showed either signs of complete healing or healing in progress by the end of 6-12 months. It was observed that single sitting nonsurgical endodontic management of asymptomatic teeth with periapical cyst confirmed by ultrasound was successful in selected cases.

Biodynamics of attachments used in overdentures: experimental analysis with photoelasticity.

PubMed

Labaig, C; Marco, R; Fons, A; Selva, E J

1997-03-01

Treatment with overdentures is an alternative to conventional complete prostheses. Different types of attachments can be placed in natural teeth that act as retainers for overdentures. The photoelastic relationship between the design of the attachment and the distribution of occlusal forces among the abutment teeth and the distal alveolar ridges was examined. The results were used to develop a classification for clinical cases so that the correct attachment design can be selected.

Spec Rekindled-A Simple Torque Correction Mechanics for Transposed Teeth in Conjunction with Pre-adjusted Edgewise Appliance System.

PubMed

Singh, Harpreet; Maurya, Raj Kumar; Thakkar, Surbhi

2016-12-01

Complete transposition of teeth is a rather rare phenomenon. After correction of transposed and malaligned lateral incisor and canine, attainment of appropriate individual antagonistic tooth torque is indispensable, which many orthodontists consider to be a herculean task. Here, a novel method is proposed which demonstrates the use of Spec reverse torquing auxillary as an effective adjunctive aid in conjunction with pre-adjusted edgewise brackets.

[Consequences of impacted wisdom teeth extraction on the periodontal environment of second molars. A pilot study].

PubMed

Martin, R; Louvrier, A; Weber, E; Chatelain, B; Meyer, C

2017-04-01

Wisdom teeth extraction is a common procedure, generally considered as safe by patients. However, complications are possible, especially periodontal ones. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and the consequences of periodontal complications at the level the 2nd molars after extraction of the wisdom teeth. A single-center retrospective observational multi-operator study was conducted at the university hospital of Besançon - France. The files of all the adult patients who underwent extraction of four impacted wisdom teeth by mean of a standardized surgical technique between November 2012 and November 2014 and who could be followed 1 year postoperatively at least and that precisely mentioned the periodontal status of the surgical sites were included. Postoperative complications, gingival and plaque indexes according to Loë and Silness, periodontal attachment level and periodontal second molar probing were recorded. The main judgment criterion was the occurrence of a periodontal complication in the second molar areas. The files of 20 patients (15 women - 5 men), operated on by five different surgeons, met the inclusion criteria. Two patients suffered from dry socket at one of the avulsion sites. No patient had a gingival or plaque index greater than 2. No gingival recession or periodontal pocket over 4mm was found. Extraction of impacted third molars in young healthy adults didn't have any impact on the second molars periodontal environment in our study. Literature suggests that surgical technique greatly influences the occurrence and the extent of periodontal sequelae. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.

Outcomes of different vital pulp therapy techniques on symptomatic permanent teeth: a case series.

PubMed

Asgary, Saeed; Fazlyab, Mahta; Sabbagh, Sedigheh; Eghbal, Mohammad Jafar

2014-01-01

In modern endodontics, vital pulp therapy (VPT) has been considered an ultra-conservative treatment modality. Based on the level of pulp preservation, VPT includes stepwise excavation, indirect pulp capping (IDPC), direct pulp capping (DPC), miniature pulpotomy (MP), partial/Cvek pulpotomy and coronal/complete pulpotomy (CP). The present article reviews the treatment outcomes of 94 permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis treated with either IDPC (n=28), DPC (n=28), MP (n=29) or CP (n=9) using calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement. After a mean follow-up time of 12.3 months, 93 treated teeth were radiographic/clinically successful; only one radiographic failure was observed in the DPC group.

Outcomes of Different Vital Pulp Therapy Techniques on Symptomatic Permanent Teeth: A Case Series

PubMed Central

Asgary, Saeed; Fazlyab, Mahta; Sabbagh, Sedigheh; Eghbal, Mohammad Jafar

2014-01-01

In modern endodontics, vital pulp therapy (VPT) has been considered an ultra-conservative treatment modality. Based on the level of pulp preservation, VPT includes stepwise excavation, indirect pulp capping (IDPC), direct pulp capping (DPC), miniature pulpotomy (MP), partial/Cvek pulpotomy and coronal/complete pulpotomy (CP). The present article reviews the treatment outcomes of 94 permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis treated with either IDPC (n=28), DPC (n=28), MP (n=29) or CP (n=9) using calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement. After a mean follow-up time of 12.3 months, 93 treated teeth were radiographic/clinically successful; only one radiographic failure was observed in the DPC group. PMID:25386213

Disto-angular transmigrated impacted mandibular molar with enostosis: A rare intraoral lesion

PubMed Central

Natarajan, Shanmuganathan; Madhankumar, Seenivasan; Jeyapalan, Karthigeyan; Athiban, I.; Elengkumaran, S.; Periyakaruppiah, K. P. S.

2015-01-01

A 29-year-old male patient reported for replacement of missing teeth. The patient gave history of unerupted right lower posterior teeth and the orthopantomogram revealed transmigrated mandibular second molar to the inferior border of mandible just below the root apices of second premolar associated with enostosis distally toward the ramus of mandible with size of about 21 mm Χ 20 mm. This rare interosseous defect plays a vital role in deciding prosthetic treatment options for missing teeth and utmost care should be taken to preserve the health of the patient during such procedures. PMID:26538971

Disto-angular transmigrated impacted mandibular molar with enostosis: A rare intraoral lesion.

PubMed

Natarajan, Shanmuganathan; Madhankumar, Seenivasan; Jeyapalan, Karthigeyan; Athiban, I; Elengkumaran, S; Periyakaruppiah, K P S

2015-08-01

A 29-year-old male patient reported for replacement of missing teeth. The patient gave history of unerupted right lower posterior teeth and the orthopantomogram revealed transmigrated mandibular second molar to the inferior border of mandible just below the root apices of second premolar associated with enostosis distally toward the ramus of mandible with size of about 21 mm Χ 20 mm. This rare interosseous defect plays a vital role in deciding prosthetic treatment options for missing teeth and utmost care should be taken to preserve the health of the patient during such procedures.

Riga-Fede disease and neonatal teeth.

PubMed

Costacurta, M; Maturo, P; Docimo, R

2012-01-01

The aim of this study is to present a case of Riga-Fede disease (RFD). RFD is a benign and uncommon mucosal disorder, characterized by an ulceration of the tongue, often caused by repetitive traumatic injuries due to backward and forward movements of the tongue over the mandibular anterior incisors. RFD is most commonly associated with the eruption of primary lower incisor in older infants or natal-neonatal teeth in newborns. A 2-month-old female infant was referred to our Paediatric Dentistry Unit for ulceration (13 mm diameter) on the ventral surface of the tongue and neonatal teeth. The extraction of neonatal teeth was selected as treatment of choice, over more conservative treatments, for the rapid resolution of the lesion and for the limited risk of inadequate nutrients intake. The extracted teeth underwent a macroscopic/microscopic examination. The complete healing of the lesion took 4 weeks; subsequently, the infant, revised at the 1-year follow-up visit. Early detection of RFD is recommended because such lesions properly may induce deformity or mutilation of tongue, dehydration, inadequate nutrients intake by the infant and growth retardation.

[Dental loss and prosthetic replacement expectation: qualitative study].

PubMed

Silva, Maria Elisa de Souza E; Magalhães, Cláudia Silami de; Ferreira, Efigênia Ferreira E

2010-05-01

This qualitative research analyses the repercussions of total dental loss on people's quality of life. The Oral Health Impact Profile short-form (OHIP14) was applied to 50 volunteers, and after analyzing the results, 13 out of those 50, were selected to be individually interviewed in an opened questions script. The criteria to select these 13 people were: perception of the impact of mouth condition on quality of life measured by the score reached on OHIP. We tried to comprise the sample with a good variety, according to the profile of the initial sample. After analyzing people's statements, it was possible to verify that dental loss had strong negative consequences on people's life, like shame, difficulty to eat, impact on social relationship and feeling of not being complete. The possibility of having their teeth replaced generates some anxiety. Although being aware that wearing total prosthesis represents some sacrifices, people considered it worthwhile because the possibility of regaining the social pattern and the self-image is renewed.

Prevalence of dental anomalies of number in different subphenotypes of isolated cleft palate.

PubMed

Schwartz, João Paulo; Somensi, Daniele Salazar; Yoshizaki, Priscila; Reis, Luciana Laís Savero; de Cássia Moura Carvalho Lauris, Rita; da Silva Filho, Omar Gabriel; Dalbén, Gisele; Garib, Daniela Gamba

2014-01-01

This study aimed at carrying out a radiographic analysis on the prevalence of dental anomalies of number (agenesis and supernumerary teeth) in permanent dentition, in different subphenotypes of isolated cleft palate preadolescent patients. Panoramic radiographs of 300 patients aged between 9 and 12 years, with cleft palate and enrolled in a single treatment center, were retrospectively analyzed. The sample was divided into two groups according to the extension/severity of the cleft palate: complete and incomplete. The chi-square test was used for intergroup comparison regarding the prevalence of the investigated dental anomalies (P<0.05). Agenesis was found in 34.14% of patients with complete cleft palate and in 30.27% of patients with incomplete cleft palate. Supernumerary teeth were found in 2.43% of patients with complete cleft palate and in 0.91% of patients with incomplete cleft palate. No statistically significant difference was found between groups with regard to the prevalence of agenesis and supernumerary teeth. There was no difference in cleft prevalence between genders within each study group. The prevalence of dental anomalies of number in preadolescents with cleft palate was higher than that reported for the general population. The severity of cleft palate did not seem to be associated with the prevalence of dental anomalies of number.

Multiple tooth anomalies in a nonsyndromic patient with class II division 2 malocclusions: A case report and a literature review.

PubMed

Isman, E; Isman, O; Aktan, A M; Ciftci, E; Topcuoglu, T

2015-01-01

Reports in the literature about the craniofacial characteristics of patients with class II division 2 malocclusions show a lot of different patterns accompanied by palatally displaced upper incisors, congenital missing teeth, polydiastema, fusion, germination, tooth impaction, peg-shaped lateral incisors, persistent teeth, hypodontia, persistent deciduous teeth, transpositions, and supernumerary teeth. The following case report focuses on the description of the clinical characteristics observed on a patient with a very unusual conjunction of dental and skeletal anomalies mentioned above, as well as a literature review on the related issues. Extra-intra-oral examinations, radiographic evaluations, orthodontic consultation, and reviewing the literature concluded that this nonsyndromic patient that refused to receive all dental treatment approaches is special with its uniqueness.

The lifetime direct cost of periodontal treatment: a case study from a Norwegian specialist practice.

PubMed

Fardal, Øystein; O'Neill, Ciaran; Gjermo, Per; Fardal, Elizabeth; Sandvik, Leiv; Hansen, B Frode; Linden, Gerard J

2012-12-01

Successful periodontal treatment requires a commitment to regular lifelong maintenance and may be perceived by patients to be costly. This study calculates the total lifetime cost of periodontal treatment in the setting of a specialist periodontal practice and investigates the cost implications of choosing not to proceed with such treatment. Data from patients treated in a specialist practice in Norway were used to calculate the total lifetime cost of periodontal treatment that included baseline periodontal treatment, regular maintenance, retreatment, and replacing teeth lost during maintenance. Incremental costs for alternative strategies based on opting to forego periodontal treatment or maintenance and to replace any teeth lost with either bridgework or implants were calculated. Patients who completed baseline periodontal treatment but did not have any additional maintenance or retreatment could replace only three teeth with bridgework or two teeth with implants before the cost of replacing additional teeth would exceed the cost of lifetime periodontal treatment. Patients who did not have any periodontal treatment could replace ≤ 4 teeth with bridgework or implants before a replacement strategy became more expensive. Within the limits of the assumptions made, periodontal treatment in a Norwegian specialist periodontal practice is cost-effective when compared to an approach that relies on opting to replace teeth lost as a result of progressive periodontitis with fixed restorations. In particular, patients who have initial comprehensive periodontal treatment but do not subsequently comply with maintenance could, on average, replace ≤ 3 teeth with bridgework or two teeth with implants before this approach would exceed the direct cost of lifetime periodontal treatment in the setting of the specialist practice studied.

Smokeless Tobacco Use and Periodontal Health in a Rural Male Population

PubMed Central

Chu, Yong H.; Tatakis, Dimitris N.

2010-01-01

Background Despite the reported effects of smokeless tobacco (ST) on the periodontium and high prevalence of ST use in rural populations and in men, studies on this specific topic are limited. The purpose of this cross-sectional investigation is to evaluate the periodontal health status of male ST users from a rural population. Methods Adult male residents of two rural Appalachian Ohio counties and daily ST users, with a unilateral mandibular oral ST keratosis lesion, were recruited. Subjects completed a questionnaire and received oral examination. Teeth present, ST keratosis lesion, plaque and gingival index, probing depth (PD), recession depth (RD), and attachment level were recorded. Statistical analysis compared ST-site mandibular teeth (teeth adjacent to the subject’s unilateral ST keratosis lesion) to NST-site teeth (contralateral corresponding teeth). Results This study includes 73 ST users. Recession prevalence is much greater in ST-site quadrants (36%) compared to NST-site quadrants (18%; P <0.001). Twice as many teeth had recession on ST-site (approximately 20%) than NST-site (approximately 10%; P = 0.0001). Average buccal RD on ST-site teeth did not differ from that on the NST-site teeth (P = 0.0875). Although average buccal attachment loss is greater on ST-site teeth (P = 0.016), the mean difference is <0.5 mm. When stratified by years of ST use, subjects using ST for 10 to 18 years exhibit the most differences between ST and NST sites, whereas subjects using ST for <10 years show no differences. Conclusion The results indicate that greater gingival recession prevalence and extent are associated with ST placement site in rural male ST users. PMID:20350155

Oral Health Related Quality of Life among Tamil Speaking Adults Attending a Dental Institution in Chennai, Southern India.

PubMed

Appukuttan, Deva Priya; Tadepalli, Anupama; Victor, Dhayanand John; Dharuman, Smriti

2016-10-01

Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) indicates an individual's perception of how their well-being and quality of life is influenced by oral health. It facilitates treatment planning, assessing patient centred treatment outcomes and satisfaction. The study aimed to identify the factors influencing OHRQoL among Tamil speaking South Indian adult population. Non-probability sampling was done and 199 subjects aged 20-70 years were recruited for this observational study. The subjects were requested to fill a survey form along with the validated Tamil General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI-Tml) questionnaire in the waiting area following which clinical examination was done by a single experienced Periodontist. The mean score with standard deviation for physical dimension was 4.34±0.96, psychological dimension was 4.03±1.13 and pain was 4.05±1.09 on GOHAI. Greater impacts were seen for psychosocial dimensions like pleased with the appearance of teeth/denture Q7 (3.7±1.2), worried about the problems with teeth/denture Q9 (3.7±1) and pain or discomfort in teeth Q12 (3.8±1). Functions like swallowing Q3 (4.5±0.8) and speaking Q4 (4.6±0.7) were minimally affected. As age increased subjects perceived more negative impacts as indicated by lower ADD-GOHAI and higher SC-GOHAI scores (p<0.01). Subjects complaining of bad breath, bleeding gums and Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) problems, reported poor OHRQoL (p<0.05). It was observed that as self-perceived oral and general health status deteriorated, OHRQoL also worsened (p<0.01). Subjects with missing teeth, cervical abrasion, restorations, gingival recession and mobility had more impacts on OHRQoL (p<0.05). Subjects diagnosed with periodontitis had lower OHRQoL as reported on the scale than gingivitis subjects (p<0.01). In this study minimal impact was seen in all the three dimensions assessed with GOHAI. Factors like age, education, employment status, income, self-reported oral health, self-perceived general health, satisfaction with oral health, perceived need for treatment and denture wearing status influenced perceived OHRQoL. Bad breath, bleeding gums, TMJ problems, more number of missing teeth, decayed teeth, cervical abrasion, gingival recession and mobility were associated with poor OHRQoL.

Impact of Untreated Traumatic Injuries to Anterior Teeth on the Oral Health Related Quality of Life As Assessed By Video Based Smiling Patterns in Children

PubMed Central

Golai, Shruti; Patil, Sandya Devi; Baali, Praveen; Kumar, Hemanth

2015-01-01

Introduction The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between the oral health status, oral health related quality of life and the evaluations of their smiles as assessed by the children, their parents, and through measurements of the children’s videotaped smiles and compare the smiling patterns in children suffering from untreated traumatic injuries to anterior teeth and control group. Materials and Methods Fifty eight children of the age 5–15 years of both sexes were selected for the study and categorized into experimental group and control group. The experimental group consisted of 29 children with untreated trauma to one or more anterior teeth while the control group consisted of 29 children with good oral health. Oral examination of all children was done to include in study groups. Children and parents participating in the study responded to two separate Oral Health Related Quality of Life questionnaires for children and parents respectively. The children were asked to watch a funny cartoon show and a video was made while the children watched the show. The video was cropped into still images at 25 predetermined points. Width and openness of the children’s mouth and number of teeth shown were measured during the taped sessions to assess the children’s video–based smiling patterns. Results The children’s self evaluation scores had statistically significant correlation with their smiling patterns, the number of traumatized teeth and the parental assessment of their children’s oral health. Children with trauma to anterior teeth had more impacts on their smiling pattern compared to control group. Conclusion Children suffering from trauma to anterior teeth had more effects on the emotions, the self confidence and social interaction than children without any traumatic injury. PMID:26266209

IMPACT OF FLUORIDE ON DENTAL HEALTH QUALITY.

PubMed

Medjedovic, Eida; Medjedovic, Senad; Deljo, Dervis; Sukalo, Aziz

2015-12-01

Fluoride is natural element that strengthens teeth and prevents their decay. Experts believe that the best way to prevent cavities is the use of fluoride from multiple sources. Studies even show that in some cases, fluoride can stop already started damage of the teeth. In children younger than 6 years fluoride is incorporated into the enamel of permanent teeth, making the teeth more resistant to the action of bacterial and acids in food. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of improving the health status of teeth after six months treatment with the use of topical fluoridation 0.5% NaF, and the level and quality of the impact of treatment with chemical 0.5% NaF on the dental health of children at age from 8 to 15 years, in relation to gender and chronological age. This study included school children aged 8 to 15 years who visited health and dental services dependent in Mostar. It is obvious that after the implementation of treatment with 5% NaF by the method of topical fluoridation, health status of subjects from the experimental group significantly improved, so that at the final review 89.71% or 61 subjects of the experimental group had healthy (cured teeth), tooth with dental caries only 5.88% or 4 respondents tooth with dental caries and filling 4.41% or 3 respondents, extracted baby tooth 14.71% or 10 respondents, while for 13.24% of respondents was identified state with still unerupted teeth. Our findings are indirectly confirmed that the six-month treatment of fluoridation with 5% NaF, contributed to statistically significant improvement in overall oral health of the experimental group compared to the control group which was not treated by any dental treatment. It can be concluded that there is a statistically significant difference in the evaluated parameters of oral health of children in the control group compared to the studied parameters of oral health the experimental group of children at the final dental examination.

Impact of birth characteristics, breast feeding and vital statistics on the eruption of primary teeth among healthy infants in Saudi Arabia: an observational study.

PubMed

Alnemer, Kholoud Abdullah; Pani, Sharat Chandra; Althubaiti, Alaa M; Bawazeer, Manal

2017-12-15

This study aimed to explore the impact of gender, birth weight, maternal age, type of delivery, gestational age and feeding practices on the eruption of teeth in children with no underlying medical conditions or developmental defects in their first year of life. A cross-sectional observational study design was used. A primary healthcare setting in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All children in their first year of life attending a vaccination clinic (n=422) were included in the study. Infants with chronic childhood illnesses, those who were below the 5th percentile in height or weight, infants with congenital birth defects and chronic illnesses, infants who were born preterm and low birth weight infants were excluded from the study. The type of delivery, birth weight, age of mother, height and weight percentile for age (as plotted on the WHO growth chart for infants) and feeding practices were recorded by the examiner, and this was followed by a clinical examination to determine the presence or absence of each tooth. Regression models were developed to determine the effect of the different variables on the presence of primary teeth. There was a significant association between the weight percentile of the child (adjusted for age) and the number of erupted primary teeth, suggesting that heavier children have an earlier eruption of teeth. No association was observed between birth weight, height percentile for age or maternal age at the time of birth and the number of erupted primary teeth. Children who were exclusively breast fed were significantly more likely to have an erupted first primary tooth earlier than non-breastfed group. Breast feeding and the weight of the child may have an influence on the eruption of primary teeth in the first year of life. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Preparation time and perceptions of Brazilian specialists and dental students regarding simulated root canals for endodontic teaching: a preliminary study.

PubMed

dos S Luz, Diandra; de S Ourique, Fernanda; Scarparo, Roberta K; Vier-Pelisser, Fabiana V; Morgental, Renata D; Waltrick, Silvana B G; de Figueiredo, José A P

2015-01-01

The aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate the desirability of alternative models of artificial teeth versus extracted natural teeth for use in preclinical dental education. Specifically, the study was designed to compare the preparation time and perceptions of difficulty of undergraduate dental students and endodontists in carrying out root canal preparations on resin models (both clear and opaque) and extracted natural teeth. Twenty participants-ten fifth-year students at a Brazilian dental school and ten endodontists with at least five years' experience in the specialty-performed root canal instrumentation on two samples of each model. Preparation times were recorded, and the participants completed a questionnaire about the anatomical and physical characteristics of these models. The results showed that the time required for performing endodontic procedures in the natural teeth was higher than in the alternative models. The perceptions of the students and specialists regarding some topics on the questionnaire were significantly different. The students had more positive opinions about artificial teeth made of opaque resin, while the specialists had more positive opinions about simulated root canals in clear resin blocks. This study suggests that neither of the alternative models fulfilled requirements to replace natural teeth in endodontic teaching; improvements are still necessary to accomplish this goal.

Influence of moderate to severe chronic periodontitis on dental pulp.

PubMed

Fatemi, K; Disfani, R; Zare, R; Moeintaghavi, A; Ali, Saadat A; Boostani, H R

2012-10-01

The relationship between periodontal disease and dental pulp changes is controversial and has been debated for many years. This human study was performed to evaluate the possible effects of moderate to advanced periodontal disease on the different aspect of dental pulp structure. Twenty hopeless permanent teeth were extracted from systemically healthy adults because of moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis, with a bone loss of >6 mm and a mobility of grade 2 or 3. Upon extraction, the apical 2 to 3 mm of the roots were immediately sectioned. Four to five sections were mounted on each slide, and every third slide was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The specimens were histologically processed and examined by an oral pathologist. Non-inflamed pulp, with partial or complete necrosis in some sections and several non-necrotic sections, was found in only 6.3% of teeth. Most teeth (58.3%) displayed edematous pulps. Slightly fibrotic pulps were seen in 52.1% of sections. Odontoblastic integrity was seen in 31.3% of teeth. Most teeth (77.1%) displayed no pulp stones. In 43.8% of teeth, the pulp vessels displayed dilatation. Moderate to advanced periodontal disease can affect the dental pulp. Careful consideration of diagnostic and treatment planing in patients with endodontic-periodontal involvement is therefore recommended.

Influence of moderate to severe chronic periodontitis on dental pulp

PubMed Central

Fatemi, K; Disfani, R; Zare, R; Moeintaghavi, A; Ali, Saadat A.; Boostani, H. R

2012-01-01

Background: The relationship between periodontal disease and dental pulp changes is controversial and has been debated for many years. This human study was performed to evaluate the possible effects of moderate to advanced periodontal disease on the different aspect of dental pulp structure. Materials and Methods: Twenty hopeless permanent teeth were extracted from systemically healthy adults because of moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis, with a bone loss of >6 mm and a mobility of grade 2 or 3. Upon extraction, the apical 2 to 3 mm of the roots were immediately sectioned. Four to five sections were mounted on each slide, and every third slide was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The specimens were histologically processed and examined by an oral pathologist. Results: Non-inflamed pulp, with partial or complete necrosis in some sections and several non-necrotic sections, was found in only 6.3% of teeth. Most teeth (58.3%) displayed edematous pulps. Slightly fibrotic pulps were seen in 52.1% of sections. Odontoblastic integrity was seen in 31.3% of teeth. Most teeth (77.1%) displayed no pulp stones. In 43.8% of teeth, the pulp vessels displayed dilatation. Conclusions: Moderate to advanced periodontal disease can affect the dental pulp. Careful consideration of diagnostic and treatment planing in patients with endodontic-periodontal involvement is therefore recommended. PMID:23493524

Multidisciplinary management including periodontics, orthodontics, implants, and prosthetics for an adult.

PubMed

Pinho, Teresa; Neves, Manuel; Alves, Célia

2012-08-01

This article describes the complex dental treatment of an adult patient with multiple missing teeth, mild chronic periodontitis, and a malocclusion with a cant of the occlusal plane. After periodontal treatment, titanium implants and a miniscrew were placed to correct the occlusal plane canting with orthodontic treatment. Prosthodontic treatment was completed by using osseointegrated implants to replace the missing teeth. Copyright © 2012 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Interim overdentures.

PubMed

Fenton, A H

1976-07-01

The construction of an interim overdenture using existing removable partial dentures with natural tooth crowns and artificial teeth can be a simple and economical method of providing patients with dentures while tissues heal and teeth are prepared and restored. A more definite prognosis for both the patient and his remaining dentition can be established before the final overdenture is completed. The procedures necessary to provide three types of interim overdentures have been outlined. Patients tolerate this method of changing their dentitions extremely well.

Spec Rekindled-A Simple Torque Correction Mechanics for Transposed Teeth in Conjunction with Pre-adjusted Edgewise Appliance System

PubMed Central

Singh, Harpreet; Thakkar, Surbhi

2016-01-01

Complete transposition of teeth is a rather rare phenomenon. After correction of transposed and malaligned lateral incisor and canine, attainment of appropriate individual antagonistic tooth torque is indispensable, which many orthodontists consider to be a herculean task. Here, a novel method is proposed which demonstrates the use of Spec reverse torquing auxillary as an effective adjunctive aid in conjunction with pre-adjusted edgewise brackets. PMID:28209017

[Impact of tooth loss in quality of life].

PubMed

Silva, Maria Elisa de Souza E; Villaça, Enio Lacerda; Magalhães, Cláudia Silami de; Ferreira, Efigênia Ferreira E

2010-05-01

In order to evaluate the impact of tooth loss in patient's quality of life, 50 volunteers were selected among patients who use the Public Health Services in treatment for their complete denture's placement or replacement. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and a socio-demographic data collection were applied before treatment. The values were founded through the weight of each question in association with Likert's Scale. As higher was the score, higher was the impact in the quality of life. In this survey 82% were female, 52% of patients between 41 and 60 years old (average: 59.1), and 34% married. The higher values of OHIP-14 dimensions in patient's quality of life were: Psychological Discomfort (122), Physical Pain (121), Psychological Disability (113), Physical Disability (109), Functional Limitation (93), Handicap (82) and Social Disability (76). As it could be observed, the lost of teeth or the use of inadequate prosthesis could bring negative impacts in life's quality, especially regarding preoccupation, stress with mouth problems and shame, although people perceive minor impacts in social relationships and development of their daily activities. This information can be relevant to prepare dentists to raise their knowledge about edentulous people and how to work with them.

A nonsurgical endodontic treatment in open-apex and immature teeth affected by dens invaginatus: using a collagen membrane as an apical barrier.

PubMed

Gharechahi, Maryam; Ghoddusi, Jamileh

2012-02-01

The authors' objective in this case report is to demonstrate an effective nonsurgical endodontic treatment in open-apex teeth affected by dens invaginatus (DI) by using a collagen membrane as an apical barrier and using a mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) apical plug. . The authors present two cases of DI with open apexes in maxillary lateral incisors. In the first case, an adolescent had bilateral Oehlers type II DI and extensive periradicular radiolucency, internal root resorption and a vestibular fistula in the left maxillary lateral incisor. In the second case, an adult had Oehlers type II DI and an incomplete apex in the left maxillary lateral incisor. For both patients, the clinician placed a collagen membrane through the apexes of the left maxillary incisors to provide a resorbable extraradicular barrier against which MTA cement could be packed. The clinician obturated the adolescent's right lateral incisor. In the adolescent, the vestibular sinus tract was closed after one week. At subsequent follow-up examinations, the periradicular regions were completely healed, and postoperative radiographs revealed good bone healing in the lateral incisors. The teeth were asymptomatic and healing was achieved without any need for further endodontic surgical intervention. In the adult patient, the tooth was symptom free after one week, and radiography performed six months after the procedure showed complete healing. and Despite complex anatomy and diagnoses of DI and open apexes, both patients successfully underwent nonsurgical endodontic treatment involving the use of a collagen membrane and an MTA apical plug. Using an extraradicular barrier clinically can help improve the adaptation of MTA in the apexes of open-apex teeth to achieve a complete seal.

Lead levels in deciduous teeth of children in Bahrain.

PubMed

al-Mahroos, F; al-Saleh, F S

1997-06-01

To determine lead exposure among children in Bahrain, a total of 280 shed deciduous whole teeth were collected from 269 children. Teeth were analyzed for lead concentrations using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with electrothermal atomization. Children were between 5 and 15 years old. The study period extended from July 1993 to April 1994. The study showed that the overall mean tooth-lead level was 4.3 micrograms/g dry weight with a range of 0.1-60.8 micrograms/g dry weight. The cumulative frequency distribution revealed that 35% of the teeth had a lead concentration of more than 4 micrograms/g dry weight. The tooth-lead concentrations differed according to the tooth type age. The child's sex, nationality, area of residence and socio-economic status had no impact on tooth-lead level. In conclusion, lead is present in toxic concentrations in 35% of the teeth of the children studied. Urgent measures are needed to eliminate lead from gasoline, paint and other sources in the environment.

Tissue Engineering of Necrotic Dental Pulp of Immature Teeth with Apical Periodontitis in Dogs: Radiographic and Histological Evaluation.

PubMed

El Ashiry, Eman A; Alamoudi, Najlaa M; El Ashiry, Mahmoud K; Bastawy, Hagar A; El Derwi, Douaa A; Atta, Hazem M

2018-05-15

To evaluate tissue engineering technology to regenerate pulp-dentin like tissues in pulp canals of immature necrotic permanent teeth with apical periodontitis in dogs. The study was performed on 36 teeth in 12 dogs. The experiment was carried out using split mouth design. In each dog 3 teeth were selected for implementing the study procedure. Apical periodontitis was induced in Group A and B teeth. Group (A): immature upper left 2 nd permanent incisors that were transplanted with a construct of autologous dental pulp stem cells with growth factors seeded in a chitosn hydrogel scaffold. Group (B): immature upper right 2 nd permanent incisor that received only growth factors with scaffold. A third tooth in each dog was selected randomly for isolation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Both groups were closed with a double coronal seal of white MTA (Mineral trioxide aggregate) and glass ionomer cement. Both groups were monitored radiographically for 4 months and histologically after sacrificing the animals. There was no statistically significant difference in radiographic findings between group (A) and group (B) for healing of radiolucencies, while there was statistically significant difference between group (A) and group (B) regarding radicular thickening, root lengthening and apical closure. Histologically, group (A) teeth showed regeneration of pulp-dentin like tissue while group (B) teeth did not show any tissue regeneration. Dental pulp stem cells and growth factors incorporated in chitosan hydrogel are able to regenerate pulp-dentine like tissue and help in complete root maturation of non-vital immature permanent teeth with apical periodontitis in dogs.

Forensic identification in teeth with caries.

PubMed

Alia-García, Esther; Parra-Pecharromán, David; Sánchez-Díaz, Ana; Mendez, Susy; Royuela, Ana; Gil-Alberdi, Laura; López-Palafox, Juan; Del Campo, Rosa

2015-12-01

Human teeth are biological structures that resist extreme conditions thus becoming a useful source of DNA for human forensic identification purposes. When it is possible, forensic prefer only non-damaged teeth whereas those with cavities are usually rejected to avoid both external and internal bacterial contamination. Cavities are one of the most prevalent dental pathology and its incidence increases with ageing. The aim of this study was to validate the use of teeth with cavities for forensic identification. A total of 120 individual teeth from unrelated patients (60 healthy and 60 with cavities, respectively) extracted by a dentist as part of the normal process of treatment, were submitted for further analysis. Dental pulp was obtained after tooth fragmentation, complete DNA was extracted and the corresponding human identification profile was obtained by the AmpFlSTR® NGM SElect™ kit. Cariogenic microbiota was determined by PCR-DGGE with bacterial universal primers and bands were excised, re-amplified and sequenced. From the 120 dental pieces analyzed, a defined genetic profile was obtained in 81 (67.5%) of them, with no statistical differences between the healthy and the cavities-affected teeth. Statistical association between teeth status, DNA content and genetic profiles was not observed. Complex bacterial communities were only detected in the cavities group, being the Streptococcus/Enterococcus, and Lactobacillus genera the most represented. We conclude that teeth with cavities are as valid as healthy dental pieces for forensic human identification. Moreover, the severity of the cariogenic lesion as well as associated bacterial communities seems not to influence the establishment of human dental profiles. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Does the presence of antagonist remaining teeth affect implant overdenture success? A systematic review.

PubMed

Ohkubo, C; Baek, K W

2010-04-01

Many patients who need implant overdentures are not completely edentulous; they still have antagonist natural teeth or implant fixed prostheses. In such cases, however, little is known about whether existing natural teeth affect the success of implant overdentures positively or act as a complicating factor. This systematic review attempts to clarify the correlation between existing remaining teeth and the survival/success rate of maxillary and mandibular implant overdentures. An assessment of available relevant articles published in English from 1990 to 2009 was performed using an online database and a manual search in libraries. Although the opposing natural dentition was not sufficiently described in the literature, 10 articles about the mandible and 10 articles about the maxilla were selected. As there was no controlled study on the natural teeth opposing implant overdentures, this review could not reach a clear conclusion. The review did reveal a remarkably high success/survival rate for mandibular implant overdentures; maxillary implant overdentures showed a lower rate. The presence of antagonist teeth hardly seems to be a risk factor for success for mandibular implant overdentures. For maxillary implant overdentures, the existence of antagonist teeth might act negatively for implant survival, but they are certainly not a contraindication. Although a few articles stated this relationship, we could not find an apparent correlation between the remaining antagonist teeth and the success of the implant overdentures. A detailed description of the opposing dentate status and results of randomized controlled clinical trials would be required to characterize this evidence-based implant overdenture treatment.

A multilevel analysis of factors affecting the difference in dental patients' and caregivers' evaluation of oral quality of life.

PubMed

Sampogna, F; Johansson, V; Axtelius, B; Abeni, D; Söderfeldt, B

2008-12-01

In a previous study, we observed that the concordance between patients' and caregivers' evaluation of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was low. The aim of this study was to use multilevel analysis to investigate the possible determinants of the low concordance, taking into account different patients' demographic and clinical variables, the financial system used by patients to pay for dental treatment, and the role of the different caregivers and clinics. The OHRQoL of patients was assessed both by the patients and by their caregivers, using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)-14. Data were collected in four clinics, and patients were evaluated by one of 27 caregivers. We tested eight multilevel models, using the difference (caregivers OHIP - patients OHIP) as the dependent variable. Data were complete for 432 patients. The mean difference was 4.4 (standard deviation = 8.2; higher scores indicated a higher impact on OHRQoL). The variance due to patients was partly explained by their age, gender, and number of teeth, with a greater OHIP difference for older vs. younger patients, for women than for men, and in patients with fewer teeth. Almost 30% of the variance was due to caregivers, while the effect of clinics was not significant. It is important to study the possible causes of the different judgments concerning patients' OHRQoL by patients and caregivers, in order to improve the patients' satisfaction with care.

Clinical comparison of masticatory performance and electromyographic activity of patients with complete dentures, overdentures, and natural teeth.

PubMed

Rissin, L; House, J E; Manly, R S; Kapur, K K

1978-05-01

In this study, which is the first of its kind, it has been shown that overdenture patients, when compared to complete denture patients, while chewing a test food for a constant number of strokes, expended an equivalent amount of muscle effort, chewed more slowly and efficiently, and evidenced significantly better masticatory performance by producing an increased volume of fine test food particles. These findings provide a sound justification for the extra effort required to retain some natural teeth to provide overdenture services to patients. The fact that patients can masticate food more efficiently with overdentures than with complete dentures justifies the increased cost and time involved in their construction. The longitudinal effects that overdentures have on the basic physiopathologic processed involved in the progression of ridge resorption and the advantages of maintaining periodontal proprioception also should be studied.

Tooth autotransplantation in a free iliac crest graft for prosthetic reconstruction.

PubMed

Landes, Constantin A; Glasl, Bettina; Ludwig, Björn; Rieger, Jörg; Sader, Robert

2008-09-01

This report documents successful tooth autotransplantation to a free iliac crest graft in an exemplar case. A 14-year-old male patient was operated thrice with increasing amounts of resection for recurrent odontogenic myxoma. When mandibular continuity resection finally was performed, a free iliac crest block autotransplant was used for reconstruction. Upon metal removal 5 months later, 3 wisdom teeth with two-thirds complete root development were transplanted to the free graft and retained by fixed orthodontic appliances including skeletal anchorage with orthodontic microscrews. Tooth graft taking was awaited for 8 weeks with retention. Following undisturbed healing without occlusal forces, 6 months of orthodontic treatment intentionally extruded the autotransplanted teeth to antagonist contact. The third and most dorsal tooth became mobile after 3 months and was lost. The surviving 2 teeth were fitted by a prosthetic bridge as extrusion into the occlusal plane was not completely successful. This exemplar case shows benefit of tooth autotransplants in selected cases of jaw reconstruction with distal bone autotransplants as alternative to dental titanium implants and suprastructures. Orthodontic microscrews can moreover support tooth movement and positioning as anchorage device in altered anatomy.

Posterior teeth occlusion and dysphagia risk in older nursing home residents: a cross-sectional observational study.

PubMed

Okabe, Y; Takeuchi, K; Izumi, M; Furuta, M; Takeshita, T; Shibata, Y; Kageyama, S; Ganaha, S; Yamashita, Y

2017-02-01

The total number of natural teeth was related to swallowing function among older adults; however, limited information is available regarding the impact of occluding pairs of teeth on swallowing function. This study aimed to examine the association between posterior teeth occlusion and dysphagia risk in older nursing home residents. This cross-sectional study included 238 residents aged ≥60 years from eight nursing homes in Aso City, Japan. Swallowing function was evaluated using the modified water swallowing test (MWST); the primary outcome was dysphagia risk (MWST score ≤3). Posterior teeth occlusion was assessed using number of functional tooth units (FTUs), determined based on number and location of the remaining natural and artificial teeth on implant-supported, fixed or removable prostheses. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between posterior teeth occlusion and dysphagia risk, adjusted for the covariates of number of natural teeth, demographic characteristics, comorbidities, physical function, body mass index and cognitive function. Of the 238 subjects, 44 (18·5%) were determined to be at risk of dysphagia based on the MWST scores. The odds ratio (OR) of dysphagia risk decreased in subjects with higher total FTUs [OR = 0·92, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·87-0·98]. After adjusting for covariates, this association remained significant (OR = 0·90, 95% CI 0·84-0·97). Loss of posterior teeth occlusion was independently associated with dysphagia risk in older nursing home residents. Maintaining and restoring posterior teeth occlusion may be an effective measure to prevent dysphagia. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

A Multidisciplinary Approach for Managing Severely Malaligned Lower Molars.

PubMed

Keinan, David; Birnboim-Blaum, Galit; Webber, Mariel

2016-01-01

An impacted mandibular molar is a common clinical situation that may damage adjacent teeth and impair periodontal health. Improper treatment brings the risk of damaging adjacent vital tissues. The risk can be reduced by early diagnosis and extraction of the impacted tooth by an experienced clinician. However, in clinical cases of two impacted molars, it may be beneficial for the patient to save at least one molar. This can be achieved by orthodontic alignment of one of the molars, while extracting the other. The decision should be based upon prognosis and risks for each procedure and for both teeth. The case presented here demonstrates a recommended clinical decision-making process before treatment, followed by monitored multidisciplinary treatment with adaptations made as the treatment progresses.

Video-modelling to improve task completion in a child with autism.

PubMed

Rayner, Christopher Stephen

2010-01-01

To evaluate the use of video modelling as an intervention for increasing task completion for individuals with autism who have high support needs. A 12-year-old-boy with autism received video modelling intervention on two routines (unpacking his bag and brushing his teeth). Use of the video modelling intervention led to rapid increases in the percentage of steps performed in the unpacking his bag sequence and these gains generalized to packing his bag prior to departure from school. There was limited success in the use of the video modelling intervention for teaching the participant to brush his teeth. Video modelling can be successfully applied to enhance daily functioning in a classroom environment for students with autism and high support needs.

Impact of adhesive surface and volume of luting resin on fracture resistance of root filled teeth.

PubMed

Krastl, G; Gugger, J; Deyhle, H; Zitzmann, N U; Weiger, R; Müller, B

2011-05-01

To investigate the correlation between geometric parameters of severely compromised root filled (RCT) pre-molar teeth with irregular root canals and their fracture resistance. The null hypothesis tested was that the fracture resistance of root filled teeth is not influenced by: (i) the adhesive surface of the post-space preparation (A(PS) ), (ii) the coronal tooth surface (A(A) ), (iii) the amount of resin cement (V(C) ) and (iv) the Young's modulus of the specimens. A total of 48 noncarious human pre-molar teeth with irregular root canals were decoronated, root filled and adhesively restored with post-retained direct composite crowns. After thermomechanical loading (1,200,000×, 5-50° C), static load was applied until failure. The geometric parameters of the tooth were evaluated by microcomputed tomography (μCT) using impressions taken after post-space preparation. Linear regression analyses were performed to correlate the geometric parameters of the specimens with their fracture resistance. The amount of resin cement (V(C) ) comprised up to 88% of the entire post-space (mean 67%) and had no impact on the maximal load (P = 0.88). The latter was significantly influenced by post-space preparation (P = 0.003). Amongst the geometric parameters tested, the surface area in the root canal had the greatest impact on fracture resistance of root filled pre-molars restored with posts and composite crowns, whilst the fit of the post was less important. © 2011 International Endodontic Journal.

Fracture resistance of teeth restored with post-retained restorations: an overview.

PubMed

Al-Omiri, Mahmoud Khaled; Mahmoud, Ahmad Abdelaziz; Rayyan, Mohammad Ramadan; Abu-Hammad, Osama

2010-09-01

Posts have been used efficiently to retain restorations for badly destructed teeth. This article critically analyzes the concerned topics related to the fracture resistance of teeth restored with dowel-retained restorations. A systematic review of PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Scopus databases was completed (from 1960 to 2010). Single or combined key words were used to obtain the most possible comprehensive list of articles. Checking the references of the relevant obtained sources completed the review along with a manual search to locate related articles on the topic. In vivo and ex vivo (laboratory, computer-based finite element, and photoelastic stress analysis studies) investigations related to the topic were included. Many factors have been proposed to influence the fracture resistance of post-restored teeth. Recognizing the significance of these factors on the fracture resistance of teeth would aid in choosing the suitable treatment modality for every individual case. Fracture resistance was improved if tooth structure loss was limited, a ferrule was obtained, a post with similar physical properties to natural dentine was used, and adhesive techniques for post luting and coronal restoration were used. Adhesively luted resin/fiber posts with composite cores appear to be the best currently available option in terms of tooth fracture and biomechanical behaviour. Most guidelines were based mainly on ex vivo studies and to a lesser extent on limited in vivo studies. The lack of long-term controlled randomized clinical studies was the main hindrance to reaching a conclusive and undisputable opinion regarding endodontic posts in terms of tooth fracture and biomechanical behaviour. Copyright 2010 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Sterilization of root canal spaces using an Nd:YAG laser, in vitro

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goodis, Harold E.; White, Joel M.; Yee, Barbara; Marshall, Sally J.; Marshall, Grayson W.

1995-05-01

A smear layer is created during the cleaning and shaping of root canal systems. The Nd:YAG laser has been shown to be effective in removing that smear layer and any tissue remnants from prepared root canal systems suggesting that it may aid in root canal sterilization without detrimental thermal effects to adjacent tissues. The root canal system of 72 single-rooted teeth was conventionally prepared and sterilized using gamma radiation. The teeth were divided into three groups of 24 each, 8 of which were inoculated only with sterile broth and remained as negative controls. Sixteen teeth of each group were inoculated with one of three organisms of 106 to 1010 CFU/(mu) l: B subtilis (BS), E. coli (EC) and S. marcescens (SM) (10 (mu) l). Eight in each group were not treated further and served as positive controls. Sixteen test teeth were treated with the laser three times using each exposure parameter: 1 W, 10 Hz pulses per second (pps); 2 W, 20 Hz; and 3 W, 30 Hz inserted to the radiographic apex. Laser exposures were completed while withdrawing the fiber from the root canal system. At completion of laser exposure, all teeth were cultured, using sterile paper points and plated on brain heat infusion agar. Three cultures were taken for each tooth, the plates incubated for 72 hours, and read for the presence of growth of colony-forming units. The laser was able to reduce the number of organisms placed in root canal systems, and suggests that the laser may be used in root canal therapy for bacterial reduction and cleaning of the root canal space.

Root End Generation: An Unsung Characteristic Property of MTA-A Case Report

PubMed Central

Dixit, Seema; Dixit, Ashutosh; Kumar, Pravin; Arora, Saurabh

2014-01-01

Management of immature teeth with necrotic pulp and periapical lesion has long presented a challenge. The treatment of choice for such teeth is apexification, which is induction of apical closure to produce more favorable conditions for conventional canal obturation. Traditionally, calcium hydroxide has been used for the apexification of immature permanent teeth, however, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) holds significant promise not only as an alternative to multiple treatment visits with calcium hydroxide but also having the potential to induce root end development, eventually forming a completed root apex. This case report presents a successful healing and apexification with the use of calcium hydroxide and MTA. A 5-year follow-up revealed root development with MTA. PMID:24596800

Posterior Teeth Occlusion Associated with Cognitive Function in Nursing Home Older Residents: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

PubMed Central

Takeuchi, Kenji; Izumi, Maya; Furuta, Michiko; Takeshita, Toru; Shibata, Yukie; Kageyama, Shinya; Ganaha, Seijun; Yamashita, Yoshihisa

2015-01-01

Early detection and subsequent reduction of modifiable risk factors for cognitive decline is important for extending healthy life expectancy in the currently aging society. Although a recent increase in studies on the state or number of the teeth and cognitive function, few studies have focused on the association between posterior teeth occlusion necessary to maintain chewing function and cognitive function among older adults. This study examined the association between posterior teeth occlusion and cognitive function in nursing home older residents. In this cross-sectional study, 279 residents aged ≥60 years from eight nursing homes in Aso City, Japan participated in cognitive function and dental status assessments and completed a comprehensive questionnaire survey in 2014. Cognitive function was measured using a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Posterior teeth occlusion was assessed using a total number of functional tooth units (total-FTUs), depending on the number and location of the remaining natural and artificial teeth on implant-supported, fixed, and removable prostheses. Linear regression models were used to assess univariate and multivariate associations between total-FTUs and MMSE scores. Models were sequentially adjusted for demographic characteristics, number of natural teeth, socioeconomic status, health behaviors, comorbidities, physical function, and nutritional status. Among the 200 residents included in our analysis, mean MMSE scores and total-FTUs were 11.0 ± 8.6 and 9.3 ± 4.6, respectively. Higher total-FTUs were significantly associated with higher MMSE scores after adjustment for demographics and teeth number (B = 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.22–0.74). The association remained significant even after adjustment for all covariates (B = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.01–0.49). The current findings demonstrated that loss of posterior teeth occlusion was independently associated with cognitive decline in nursing home older residents in Japan. Maintenance and restoration of posterior teeth occlusion may be a preventive factor against cognitive decline in aged populations. PMID:26512900

Prevalence of Traumatic Dental Injuries to Anterior Teeth of 12-Year-Old School Children in Kashmir, India.

PubMed

Ain, Tasneem S; Lingesha Telgi, Ravishankar; Sultan, Saima; Tangade, Pradeep; Ravishankar Telgi, Chaitra; Tirth, Amit; Kumar Pal, Sumit; Gowhar, Owais; Tandon, Vaibhav

2016-03-01

Traumatic dental injuries to anterior teeth are a significant public health problem, not only because their prevalence is relatively high, but also because they have considerable impact on children's daily lives. Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) cause physical and psychological discomfort, pain and other negative impacts, such as tendency to avoid laughing or smiling, which can affect social relationships. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries to anterior teeth among 12-year-old school children in Kashmir, India. A cross-sectional study was conducted in private and government schools of India among 1600 schoolchildren aged 12 years. In addition to recording of the type of trauma (using Ellis and Davey classification of fractures, 1970), over jet, Angle's molar relation and lip competence were also recorded. The socioeconomic status and academic performance of the study subjects were registered. The data obtained were compiled systematically and then statistically analyzed. The statistical significance for the association between the traumatic injury and the variables was analyzed using the chi-square test. Logistic regression was used to identify potential risk predictors of TDIs. The overall prevalence of TDI to anterior teeth was found to be 9.3%. The TDI to anterior teeth in male was more than female, but the difference was statistically nonsignificant (P < 0.01). Falls and sports were the most common causes of trauma in the present study. The highest potential risk factor for the occurrence of trauma was over jet. Academic performance was found to be significantly associated to TDI to anterior teeth, when analyzed in a multiple regression model. It was concluded that the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries was 9.3%. Traumatic dental injuries among children exhibit complex interaction between the victims' oral conditions and their behavior. Therefore, prevention should consider a number of characteristics such as oral predisposing factors, environmental determinants and human behavior. It is recommended that specific and proper public places for leisure and sports activities, with impact-absorbing surfaces around the items on which children are most likely to fall, should be provided.

Clarifying the Impact of Untreated and Treated Dental Caries on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Adolescents.

PubMed

Feldens, Carlos Alberto; Ardenghi, Thiago Machado; Dos Santos Dullius, Angela Isabel; Vargas-Ferreira, Fabiana; Hernandez, Pedro Antonio González; Kramer, Paulo Floriani

2016-01-01

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of dental caries experience and the components of the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among adolescents in southern Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 509 adolescents aged 11-14 years enrolled at public schools in the municipality of Osório (southern Brazil). A calibrated examiner performed the clinical examination for caries (World Health Organization: DMFT index), malocclusion (Dental Aesthetic Index) and traumatic dental injuries [Andreasen et al., 2007]. The participants answered the Brazilian version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11-14) - Impact Short Form, and their parents/guardians answered a structured questionnaire addressing demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Data analysis involved Poisson regression with robust variance, with the calculation of rate ratios adjusted for potential confounding variables. High severity of dental caries experience exerted a significant impact on OHRQoL, even after controlling for socioeconomic and clinical factors (rate ratio 1.30; 95% confidence interval, CI 1.12-1.51). All OHRQoL domains were affected by untreated dental caries. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that the CPQ11-14 scores were 33% higher among adolescents with untreated caries (rate ratio 1.33; 95% CI 1.17-1.50) and 24% higher among those with missing teeth (rate ratio 1.24; 95% CI 1.06-1.47). No difference in OHRQoL was found between adolescents with filled teeth and those without dental caries. In conclusion, dental caries experience, untreated dental caries and missing teeth exerted a negative impact on OHRQoL among the adolescents. © 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Replacement of a first molar and 3 second molars by the mesial inclination of 4 impacted third molars in an adult with a Class II Division 1 malocclusion.

PubMed

Tomonari, Hiroshi; Yagi, Takakazu; Kuninori, Takaharu; Ikemori, Takahiro; Miyawaki, Shouichi

2015-06-01

This case report presents the successful replacement of 1 first molar and 3 second molars by the mesial inclination of 4 impacted third molars. A woman, 23 years 6 months old, had a chief complaint of crowding of her anterior teeth and linguoclination of a second molar on the left side. The panoramic radiographic images showed that the maxillary and mandibular third molars on both sides were impacted. Root resorption on the distal surfaces of the maxillary second molars was suspected. The patient was given a diagnosis of Angle Class II Division 1 malocclusion with severe crowding of the anterior teeth and 4 impacted third molars. After we extracted the treated maxillary second premolars and the second molars on both sides, the treated mandibular second premolar and the second molar on the left side, and the root canal-filled mandibular first molar on the right side, the 4 impacted third molars were uprighted and formed part of the posterior functional occlusion. The total active treatment period was 39 months. The maxillary and mandibular third molars on both sides successfully replaced the first and second molars. The replacement of a damaged molar by an impacted third molar is a useful treatment option for using sound teeth. Copyright © 2015 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Adaptive Calcified Matrix Response of Dental Pulp to Bacterial Invasion Is Associated with Establishment of a Network of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein+/Glutamine Synthetase+ Cells

PubMed Central

Farahani, Ramin M.; Nguyen, Ky-Anh; Simonian, Mary; Hunter, Neil

2010-01-01

We report evidence for anatomical and functional changes of dental pulp in response to bacterial invasion through dentin that parallel responses to noxious stimuli reported in neural crest-derived sensory tissues. Sections of resin-embedded carious adult molar teeth were prepared for immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, ultrastructural analysis, and microdissection to extract mRNA for quantitative analyses. In odontoblasts adjacent to the leading edge of bacterial invasion in carious teeth, expression levels of the gene encoding dentin sialo-protein were 16-fold greater than in odontoblasts of healthy teeth, reducing progressively with distance from this site of the carious lesion. In contrast, gene expression for dentin matrix protein-1 by odontoblasts was completely suppressed in carious teeth relative to healthy teeth. These changes in gene expression were related to a gradient of deposited reactionary dentin that displayed a highly modified structure. In carious teeth, interodontoblastic dentin sialo-protein− cells expressing glutamine synthetase (GS) showed up-regulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). These cells extended processes that associated with odontoblasts. Furthermore, connexin 43 established a linkage between adjacent GFAP+/GS+ cells in carious teeth only. These findings indicate an adaptive pulpal response to encroaching caries that includes the deposition of modified, calcified, dentin matrix associated with networks of GFAP+/GS+ interodontoblastic cells. A regulatory role for the networks of GFAP+/GS+ cells is proposed, mediated by the secretion of glutamate to modulate odontoblastic response. PMID:20802180

Changes in the chemical composition of mineralised teeth in children after antineoplastic treatment.

PubMed

Krasuska-Sławińska, Ewa; Dembowska-Bagińska, Bożenna; Brożyna, Agnieszka; Olczak-Kowalczyk, Dorota; Czarnowska, Elżbieta; Sowińska, Agnieszka

2018-01-01

Chemotherapy, neoplasms, and their complications linked to malabsorption, malnutrition, and metabolic disorders may lead to improper tooth development and frequent severe caries in patients during/after antineoplastic treatment and to a more frequent improper tooth development in patients undergoing chemotherapy during odontogenesis. However, the causes of these abnormalities remain unknown; there are no studies on the impact of antineoplastic treatment and its complications on the chemical composition of mineralised teeth. To compare the chemical composition of mineralised teeth extracted due to complicated caries in children after chemotherapy, and of teeth extracted due to orthodontic treatment in generally healthy children. The treatment group included five teeth extracted due to complicated caries in children after antineoplastic treatment. The control group included five teeth extracted due to orthodontic treatment in generally healthy children. The chemical composition of enamel, dentine, cementum, interior of the canal, and enamel abnormalities in teeth extracted from patients after chemotherapy and in generally healthy patients were assessed with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Results were analysed statistically. The magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) mass contents in the enamel of patients after chemotherapy increased and so did the calcium (Ca) to phosphorus (P) ratio when compared to controls. Areas with abnormal enamel in patients after chemotherapy had lower concentrations of Ca and P, and higher concentrations of trace elements (Mg, Cl, and Na). The levels of the assessed elements in dentine, cementum, and inside the canal were similar in both groups of teeth.

Prevalence of early loss of primary teeth in 5-10-year-old school children in Chidambaram town.

PubMed

Ahamed, S Syed Shaheed; Reddy, Venugopal N; Krishnakumar, R; Mohan, Muthu G; Sugumaran, Durai K; Rao, Arun P

2012-01-01

The premature loss of primary teeth may reduce arch length required for the succeeding tooth and, hence, predisposes crowding, rotation and impaction of the permanent teeth. There are only limited studies carried out about the prevalence of early loss of primary teeth. The present study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of early loss of primary teeth in school children in Chidambaram town in Tamilnadu, India. A total of 1121 school children (561 boys and 560 girls) between 5 and 10 years of age were selected for the study. An experienced examiner performed all clinical examinations under natural light. Data including age and missing tooth was collected. Microsoft Excel/2000 (Microsoft Office XP) data spreadsheet was used and later exported to the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for Windows (version 10.0). Descriptive statistics was applied and, from the results, chi-square tests were applied at a level of significance of 5% (P < 0.05). The results showed that 16.5% of the sample had early loss of primary teeth, but no differences were observed between genders (P > 0.05). The greatest prevalence was found among the 8-year olds (5.08%), and the most commonly missing teeth were the right lower primary first molars (16.82%). It can be concluded that the prevalence of early loss was high and that the lower primary molars were the most commonly missing teeth in the present study.

Early hominid dental remains from Members 4 and 5 of the Sterkfontein Formation (1966-1996 excavations): catalogue, individual associations, morphological descriptions and initial metrical analysis.

PubMed

Moggi-Cecchi, Jacopo; Grine, Frederick E; Tobias, Phillip V

2006-03-01

The fossils recovered from the Sterkfontein Formation represent, without doubt, the largest collection of early hominid specimens from a single locality. Among the over 600 entries in the catalogue of fossil hominid specimens recovered since 1966, there are 242 dental remains (isolated teeth, jaws with two or more teeth, isolated teeth in association) for a total number of 495 teeth. The aim of this paper is to provide morphological descriptions of all hominid dental specimens recovered between 1968 and 1996 from areas presently known as Members 4 and 5 of the Sterkfontein site. Together with the descriptions, explanatory catalogue information is provided, along with basic measurements and summary statistics. This paper consists of six sections, with descriptive tables: (1) Catalogue of dental remains, arranged numerically. This includes isolated teeth, specimens with teeth still in position within their jaws, and specimens comprised of isolated teeth in association. (2) List of specimens with more complete dentition and the numbers of available teeth per tooth class. (3) List of specimens subdivided in tooth class, with an indication of their preservation, of the wear, if any, and with measurements (mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters) of the individual teeth. (4) List of associations of isolated teeth as individuals i.e. dental remains that can be associated with one another. Some remarks on the relative abundance of maxillary versus mandibular teeth, and on the numbers of available teeth are presented. (5) Morphological descriptions. (6) Summary statistics for the entire Sterkfontein sample (thus including specimens recovered both before and after 1966) and updated descriptive statistics for South African early hominids (A. africanus, A. robustus, South African early Homo). We have compared the coefficients of variation for the MD and BL diameters of the permanent teeth of the Sterkfontein Member 4 hypodigm of A. africanus with the hypodigms of the early hominid taxa. The results show that the Sterkfontein Member 4 sample is not consistently more variable than the other fossil hominid samples analysed; it turned out to be generally less variable than H. habilis sensu lato and A. boisei; it shows overall similar levels of variability to A. afarensis and higher levels than A. robustus. These results, per se, do not provide evidence of the existence of multiple species in the Sterkfontein Member 4 sample.

Modeling and calculation of impact friction caused by corner contact in gear transmission

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Changjiang; Chen, Siyu

2014-09-01

Corner contact in gear pair causes vibration and noise, which has attracted many attentions. However, teeth errors and deformation make it difficulty to determine the point situated at corner contact and study the mechanism of teeth impact friction in the current researches. Based on the mechanism of corner contact, the process of corner contact is divided into two stages of impact and scratch, and the calculation model including gear equivalent error—combined deformation is established along the line of action. According to the distributive law, gear equivalent error is synthesized by base pitch error, normal backlash and tooth profile modification on the line of action. The combined tooth compliance of the first point lying in corner contact before the normal path is inversed along the line of action, on basis of the theory of engagement and the curve of tooth synthetic compliance & load-history. Combined secondarily the equivalent error with the combined deflection, the position standard of the point situated at corner contact is probed. Then the impact positions and forces, from the beginning to the end during corner contact before the normal path, are calculated accurately. Due to the above results, the lash model during corner contact is founded, and the impact force and frictional coefficient are quantified. A numerical example is performed and the averaged impact friction coefficient based on the presented calculation method is validated. This research obtains the results which could be referenced to understand the complex mechanism of teeth impact friction and quantitative calculation of the friction force and coefficient, and to gear exact design for tribology.

Concept and development of a computerized positioning of prosthetic teeth for complete dentures.

PubMed

Busch, M; Kordass, B

2006-04-01

To date, CAD/CAM technology has made no noteworthy inroads into removable dentures. We want to present a new area of application for this in our study. Models of the maxilla and edentulous mandible were 3D scanned. The software detects and automatically reconstructs the reference structures that are anatomically important for the set-up of artificial teeth, such as the alveolar ridge centerlines and the interalveolar relations between the alveolar ridges. In a further step, the occlusal plane is semiautomatically defined and the front dental arch is designed. After these design features have been determined, artificial teeth are selected from a database and set up automatically. The dental technician can assess the esthetics and function of the suggested dental set-up on the computer screen and make slight corrections if necessary. Summarizing: The interplay of hardware and software components within on integrated solution including conversion of the "virtual" into a real positioning of prosthetic teeth is presented.

Regenerative Endodontic Treatment versus Apical Plug in Immature Teeth: Three-Year Follow-Up.

PubMed

Asgary, Saeed; Fazlyab, Mahta; Nosrat, Ali

This report compares and evaluates the treatment outcomes of regenerative endodontic treatment and apical plug as two accepted treatment protocols in a pair of necrotic immature maxillary central incisors of a 12-year old female. The patient was referred complaining of a dull pain and swelling in her upper lip area. She had a history of trauma to the anterior maxilla two years earlier. Both teeth were clinically diagnosed with pulp necrosis and periapical radiographs revealed that separate periapical radiolucent lesions surrounded the immature apices of both teeth. The left and right incisors were treated with apical plug and regenerative endodontic treatment, respectively, using calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement. The patient was followed-up for three years. During this period, both teeth were clinically asymptomatic and showed complete radiographic healing of the periapical lesions. The right central incisor showed root development. No tooth discoloration was evident. Apexification by apical plug placement and pulp regeneration are both reliable treatments for immature non-vital teeth. In order to choose the right treatment the advantages of either technique should be weighed against its drawbacks. CEM cement can be successfully applied for both purposes. This biomaterial causes less discoloration of the tooth.

Riga-Fede Disease Associated with Natal Teeth: Two Different Approaches in the Same Case.

PubMed

Volpato, Luiz Evaristo Ricci; Simões, Cintia Aparecida Damo; Simões, Flávio; Nespolo, Priscila Alves; Borges, Álvaro Henrique

2015-01-01

Natal teeth are those present in the oral cavity at the child's birth. These teeth can cause ulcers on the ventral surface of the tongue, lip, and the mother's breast characterizing the Riga-Fede Disease. The treatment depends on the tooth's mobility and the risk of aspiration or swallowing; whether it is supernumerary or regular primary teeth; whether it is causing interference in breastfeeding; breast and oral soft tissue injuries; and the general state of child's health. A 1-month-old female infant was diagnosed with two natal teeth and an ulcerated lesion on the ventral surface of the tongue, leading to the clinical diagnosis of Riga-Fede Disease. The treatment performed consisted of the maintenance of the natal tooth that showed no increased mobility, adding a small increment of glass ionomer cement to its incisal edge, and orientation for hygiene with saline solution. Due to the increased mobility of the other natal tooth, surgical removal was performed. There was regular monitoring of the patient and complete wound healing was observed after 15 days. The proposed treatment was successful and the patient is still in follow-up without recurrence of the lesion after one year.

[Comparison of long-term dental treatment effects of children treated under general anesthesia and passive restraint].

PubMed

Zhou, F; Xia, B; Zhang, S; Ma, W L; Xiao, Y M; Ge, L H

2017-02-09

Objective: To compare the long-term dental treatment effects, oral health habits and oral-health-related qualities of life of children treated under general anesthesia (GA) and passive restraint (PR), respectively. Methods: Twenty seven 2 to 4-year-old children treated under GA and thirty four children treated under PR were recruited in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. Up to 2 years after the treatment, a follow up assessment was conducted. The data of general information, dental plaque level and the unplanned treatments were recorded and analyzed. The questionnaire of oral health habits and early childhood oral health impact scale (ECOHIS) for each child was also completed and analyzed. The survival rate and median survival time of the deciduous teeth were calculated. Multivariate analysis was performed by using Cox proportional hazard model. Results: Twenty-five children under GA and 32 under PR were finally included, with a total of 1 098 deciduous teeth. The postoperative dental plaque indicesin both GA and PR groups had significantly improved than that of before the treatments ( P= 0.019, P< 0.001). The oral health habits had also improved, and the improvement in PR group was more obvious than that in GA group. Totally 128 teeth (27.0%) appeared unplanned treatments in GA group and 232 teeth (37.2%) in PR group during the follow-ups. The new caries and recurrent caries in PR group were significantly more than that in GA group ( P< 0.001, P= 0.012). No significant differences were found between the two groups in restoration failure, secondary caries and endodontic diseases ( P= 0.129, P= 0.822, P= 0.642). However, the time of occurrence of endodontic disease and secondary caries in GA group were significantly longer than that in PR group ( P< 0.01, P< 0.001). The median survival time of teeth in GA group was 1 018 days comparing to 944 days in PR group. The difference was statistically significant ( P< 0.05). The survival rate was associated with such factors as decayed-missing-filled tooth (dmft), anterior or posterior teeth, feeding frequency, brushing habits and behavior management techniques. Conclusions: The long-term dental treatment effects of children treated under GA was significantly better than that of PR group. Continuous reinforcement of proper dietary and oral hygiene habits might help in maintaining the long-term treatment effect.

Tooth loss due to periodontal abscess: a retrospective study.

PubMed

McLeod, D E; Lainson, P A; Spivey, J D

1997-10-01

This retrospective study focused on the frequency of tooth loss due to periodontal abscess among 42 patients who were treated by a single clinician over a 5- to 29-year period. A total of 114 patients were selected from the active periodontal recall schedule of a single periodontist at The University of Iowa College of Dentistry. The criteria for inclusion in the study included having a history of moderate to advanced periodontitis, being on 3 to 6 month recall periodontal maintenance care, and completion of active periodontal therapy prior to October 1987. Other parameters evaluated were age; gender; number of teeth present and missing at the initial, reevaluation, and last periodontal recall visit; initial periodontal prognosis; furcation involvement; non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy; and reasons for tooth loss. Patients were grouped according to the number of teeth lost following active periodontal treatment into well-maintained (0 to 3), downhill (4 to 9), and extreme downhill (10 to 23) groups. Forty-two of the 114 patients were identified as having one or more periodontal abscesses. A total of 109 teeth were affected by periodontal abscess of which 49 (45%) teeth were lost and 60 (55%) were successfully maintained over an average of 12.5 years (5 to 29 years). More furcated teeth were lost than nonfurcated teeth and teeth given a hopeless prognosis were lost more consistently than those given a questionable prognosis in all groups. The frequency of periodontal abscess and tooth loss per patient was greater in the downhill and extreme downhill response groups than the well-maintained group. This suggests that teeth with a history of periodontal abscess can be treated and maintained for several years.

Influence of functional dentition on satisfaction with oral health and impacts on daily performance among Brazilian adults: a population-based cross-sectional study.

PubMed

Chalub, Loliza Luiz Figueiredo Houri; Ferreira, Raquel Conceição; Vargas, Andréa Maria Duarte

2017-07-11

Dental esthetics, chewing and speech should be preserved in a dentition denominated functional and are closely related to satisfaction with oral health (SOH), impacts caused by oral problems and have a possible association with Oral Health-Related Quality of Life. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of different concepts of functional dentition (FD) on both SOH and impacts on daily performance (IDP) among Brazilian adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 9564 adults (35-44 years). SOH and IDP were evaluated using the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) questionnaire. FD was considered based on four different definitions: I-classification of the World Health Organization (FDWHO = ≥20 teeth); II-well-distributed teeth (WDT = ≥10 teeth in each arch); III-classified by esthetics and occlusion (FD Class5  = sequential presence of one tooth in each arch, ≥10 teeth in each arch, 12 anterior teeth, ≥three posterior occluding pairs [POPs] of premolars and ≥one POP molar bilaterally); and IV-classified by esthetics, occlusion and periodontal status (FD Class6  = FD Class5 plus all sextants with CPI ≤ 3 and/or CAL ≤ 1). The proportion of adults satisfied with oral health and without overall impact (OIDP = 0) was calculated for each definition of FD. Multiple Poisson regression models were adjusted by demographic-socioeconomic characteristics, self-reported oral problems and the use of dental services for each dependent variable. When FD Class5 and FD Class6 were considered a greater proportion of adults reported being satisfied (52.1 and 53.1%, respectively) and have OIDP = 0 (52.4 and 53.3, respectively). In the multiple models, SOH was associated with FD Class5 (RP = 1.21) and FD Class6 (RP = 1.24) and OIDP = 0 was associated with WDT (RP = 1.14) and FD Class6 (RP = 1.21). The greater influence of WDT, FD Class5 and FD Class6 on aspects related to quality of life in comparison to FDWHO demonstrates the need for the establishment of a broader definition of FD that encompasses subjective aspects.

Procurement of a Large Area Mapping FTIR Microscope for Organic-Inorganic Interfacial Analysis in Biological Materials

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-31

biological composites. This includes the chemical mapping of the radular teeth of Cryptochiton stelleri (chiton), the crush resistant exoskeleton ...mapping of the radular teeth of Cryptochiton stelleri (chiton), the crush resistant exoskeleton from Phloeodes diabolicus (the Iron Clad beetle), and the... exoskeleton from Phloeodes diabolicus (the Iron Clad beetle), and the hard and impact resistant dactyl club from the stomatopod Odontodactylus scyllarus

An Evo-Devo perspective on ever-growing teeth in mammals and dental stem cell maintenance

PubMed Central

Renvoisé, Elodie; Michon, Frederic

2014-01-01

A major challenge for current evolutionary and developmental biology research is to understand the evolution of morphogenesis and the mechanisms involved. Teeth are well suited for the investigation of developmental processes. In addition, since teeth are composed of hard-mineralized tissues, primarily apatite, that are readily preserved, the evolution of mammals is well documented through their teeth in the fossil record. Hypsodonty, high crowned teeth with shallow roots, and hypselodonty, ever-growing teeth, are convergent innovations that have appeared multiple times since the mammalian radiation 65 million years ago, in all tooth categories (incisors, canines, premolars, and molars). A shift to hypsodonty, or hypselodonty, during mammalian evolution is often, but not necessarily, associated with increasingly abrasive diet during important environmental change events. Although the evolution of hypsodonty and hypselodonty is considered to be the result of heterochrony of development, little has been known about the exact developmental mechanisms at the origin of these morphological traits. Developmental biologists have been intrigued by the mechanism of hypselodonty since it requires the maintenance of continuous crown formation during development via stem cell niche activity. Understanding this mechanism may allow bioengineered tooth formation in humans. Hypsodonty and hypselodonty are thus examples of phenotypic features of teeth that have both impacts in understanding the evolution of mammals and holds promise for human tooth bioengineering. PMID:25221518

Endodontic retreatment vs dental implants of teeth with an uncertain endodontic prognosis: 1-year results from a randomised controlled trial.

PubMed

Esposito, Marco; Tallarico, Marco; Trullenque-Eriksson, Anna; Gianserra, Rodolfo

To ascertain whether in the presence of a previously endodontically treated tooth with a periapical pathology and/or symptoms and an uncertain prognosis, it is better to endodontically retreat it or to replace the tooth with a single implant-supported crown. Forty patients requiring the treatment of a previously endodontically treated tooth, with a periapical pathology and/or symptoms of endodontic origin and an uncertain prognosis, as judged by the recruiting investigators, were randomly allocated to endodontic retreatment (endo group; 20 patients) or tooth extraction and replacement with an implant-supported crown (implant group; 20 patients) according to a parallel group design at two different centres. Patients were followed to 1 year after completion of the treatment. Outcome measures were: failure of the procedure, complications, marginal bone level changes at both teeth and implants, endodontic radiographic success (teeth only), number of patients' visits and days to complete the treatment, patients' chair time, costs, aesthetics assessed using the pink esthetic score (PES) for the soft tissues and the white esthetic score (WES) for the tooth/crown recorded by independent assessors. No patient dropped out and no complications occurred during the entire follow-up; however, one endodontically retreated tooth (5%) and one implant (5%) fractured, the difference for treatment failures being not statistically significant (difference in proportions = 0; 95% CI -0.14 to 0.14; P Fisher's exact test) = 1.000). The mean marginal bone levels at endo retreatment/implant insertion were 2.34 ± 0.88 mm for the endo and 0.23 ± 0.35 mm for the implant group, which was statistically significantly different (mean difference = 2.11 mm; 95% CI: 1.68 to 2.55; P (t-test) < 0.001). One year after completion of the treatment, teeth lost on average 0.32 ± 0.53 mm and implants 0.48 ± 0.72, the difference not being statistically significant (mean difference = -0.16 mm; 95% CI: -0.58 to 0.27; P (t-test) = 0.457). One year after completion of the endodontic retreatment, of the 13 teeth that originally had a periapical radiolucency, one was lost, six showed complete healing; four a radiographic improvement; and two showed no changes/worsening. Two of the teeth originally without a lesion developed a lesion. There were no statistically significant differences for the number of patients' visits (endo = 5.2 ± 1.8; implant = 5.5 ± 1.1; mean difference = -0.03 95% CI: -1.24 to 0.64; P (t-test) = 0.522). It took significantly more days to complete the implant rehabilitation (endo = 48.9 ± 19.5; implant = 158.5 ± 67.2; mean difference = -109.60; 95% CI: -141.26 to -77.94; P (t-test) < 0.001), but less patients' chair time (endo = 405.5 ± 230.3 min; implant = 260.0 ± 154.6 min; mean difference = 45.50; 95% CI: 19.35 to 271.65; P (t-test) = 0.025). Implant treatment was significantly more expensive (endo = 1195 ± 503.7 €; implant = 1907.5 ± 232.4 €; mean difference = -712.50; 95% CI: -963.59 to -461.41; P (t-test) < 0.001). One year after treatment completion, the mean PES was 10.92 ± 1.93 and 7.07 ± 2.87 and the mean WES was 7.67 ± 1.83 and 7.60 ± 2.32 in the endo group and implant group, respectively. Soft tissues aesthetics (PES) was significantly better at endodontically retreated teeth (mean difference 3.85; 95% CI 1.94 to 5.76; P (t-test) < 0.001) whereas no significant differences were observed for tooth aesthetics (WES) (mean difference 0.07; 95% CI -1.62 to 1.76; P (t-test) = 0.936) between treatments. The preliminary results suggest that both endodontic retreatment and replacement of previously endodontically treated teeth with persisting pathology and a dubious endodontic prognosis provided similar short-term success rates. Aesthetics of the soft tissues and time needed to complete treatment were in favour of endodontic retreatment, whereas implant rehabilitation required half of the chair time than endodontic retreatment, but was significantly more expensive. Although much larger patient populations and longer follow-ups are needed to fully answer this question, in this scenario the less invasive endodontic retreatment could be the first therapeutic option to be considered.

Assessment of Third Molar Impaction Pattern and Associated Clinical Symptoms in a Central Anatolian Turkish Population

PubMed Central

Yilmaz, Selmi; Adisen, Mehmet Zahit; Misirlioglu, Melda; Yorubulut, Serap

2016-01-01

Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the pattern of third molar impaction and associated symptoms in a Central Anatolian Turkish population. Material and Methods A total of 2,133 impacted third molar teeth of 705 panoramic radiographs were reviewed. The positions of impacted third molar teeth on the panoramic radiographs were documented according to the classifications of Pell and Gregory and of Winter. The presence of related symptoms including pain, pericoronitis, lymphadenopathy and trismus was noted for every patient. Distributions of obtained values were compared using the Pearson χ2 test. Nonparametric values were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results The mean age of the subjects was 30.58 ± 11.98 years (range: 19-73); in a review of the 2,133 impacted third molar teeth, the most common angulation of impaction in both maxillaries was vertical (1,177; 55%). Level B impaction was the most common in the maxilla (425/1,037; 39%), while level C impaction was the most common in the mandible (635/1,096; 61%). Pain (272/705; 39%) and pericoronitis (188/705; 27%) were found to be the most common complications of impaction. Among 705 patients (335 males, 370 females), pericoronitis was more prevalent in males (101; 30%) and usually related to lower third molars (236; 22%). The retromolar space was significantly smaller in females (p < 0.05). Moreover, there was a significant difference in retromolar space for the area of jaw (maxillary: 11.3 mm; mandibular: 14.2 mm) and impaction level (A: 14.7 mm; B: 11.1 mm; C: 10.3 mm; p < 0.05). Conclusion The pattern of third molar impaction in a Central Anatolian Turkish population was characterized by a high prevalence rate of level C impaction with vertical position. Pain and pericoronitis were the most common symptoms usually associated with level A impaction and vertical position. PMID:26566129

Assessment of Third Molar Impaction Pattern and Associated Clinical Symptoms in a Central Anatolian Turkish Population.

PubMed

Yilmaz, Selmi; Adisen, Mehmet Zahit; Misirlioglu, Melda; Yorubulut, Serap

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study was to assess the pattern of third molar impaction and associated symptoms in a Central Anatolian Turkish population. A total of 2,133 impacted third molar teeth of 705 panoramic radiographs were reviewed. The positions of impacted third molar teeth on the panoramic radiographs were documented according to the classifications of Pell and Gregory and of Winter. The presence of related symptoms including pain, pericoronitis, lymphadenopathy and trismus was noted for every patient. Distributions of obtained values were compared using the Pearson χ2 test. Nonparametric values were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test. The mean age of the subjects was 30.58 ± 11.98 years (range: 19-73); in a review of the 2,133 impacted third molar teeth, the most common angulation of impaction in both maxillaries was vertical (1,177; 55%). Level B impaction was the most common in the maxilla (425/1,037; 39%), while level C impaction was the most common in the mandible (635/1,096; 61%). Pain (272/705; 39%) and pericoronitis (188/705; 27%) were found to be the most common complications of impaction. Among 705 patients (335 males, 370 females), pericoronitis was more prevalent in males (101; 30%) and usually related to lower third molars (236; 22%). The retromolar space was significantly smaller in females (p < 0.05). Moreover, there was a significant difference in retromolar space for the area of jaw (maxillary: 11.3 mm; mandibular: 14.2 mm) and impaction level (A: 14.7 mm; B: 11.1 mm; C: 10.3 mm; p < 0.05). The pattern of third molar impaction in a Central Anatolian Turkish population was characterized by a high prevalence rate of level C impaction with vertical position. Pain and pericoronitis were the most common symptoms usually associated with level A impaction and vertical position. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Demonstration of skull bones mobility using optical methods: practical importance in medicine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zakharov, Alexander V.; Okushko, Vladimir R.; Vturin, Sergey A.; Moseychuk, Vladimir V.; Petrov, Aleksey A.; Suetenkov, Dmitry E.

2014-01-01

Unprompted skull bones mobility not related to breathing, heart beating and other physiological reactions, using installation of original construction with control of physiological parameters by biofeedback hardware-software complex BOS-lab and BOS-pulse appliance (COMSIB, Novosibirsk, Russia) has been confirmed. Teeth eruption occurs through odontiasis canals, emerging from the funiculus. The main driving force for promoting a tooth into odontiasis canal during eruption is the unprompted skull bones mobility. A simple optical installation was made for the visualization of skull bones mobility during the investigation of the median palatine and incisors sutures. Early detection of failures of unprompted skull bones mobility and its normalization can lead to prevention of impact teeth, malocclusion, extrudocclusion and other anomalies and deformations of teeth, teeth rows, TMJ and skull. The skull bones mobility should be considered during the early preventive treatment and therapy of the consequences of injuries and malfunction of the maxillofacial area.

Brushing Your Spacecrafts Teeth: A Review of Biological Reduction Processes for Planetary Protection Missions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pugel, D. E. (Betsy); Rummel, J. D.; Conley, Catharine

2017-01-01

Much like keeping your teeth clean, where you brush away biofilms that your dentist calls "plaque," there are various methods to clean spaceflight hardware of biological contamination, known as biological reduction processes. Different approaches clean your hardware's "teeth" in different ways and with different levels of effectiveness. We know that brushing at home with a simple toothbrush is convenient and has a different level of impact vs. getting your teeth cleaned at the dentist. In the same way, there are some approaches to biological reduction that may require simple tools or more complex implementation approaches (think about sonicating or just soaking your dentures, vs. brushing them). There are also some that are more effective for different degrees of cleanliness and still some that have materials compatibility concerns. In this article, we review known and NASA-certified approaches for biological reduction, pointing out materials compatibility concerns and areas where additional research is needed.

Brushing Your Spacecrafts Teeth: A Review of Biological Reduction Processes for Planetary Protection Missions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pugel, D.E. (Betsy); Rummel, J. D.; Conley, C. A.

2017-01-01

Much like keeping your teeth clean, where you brush away biofilms that your dentist calls plaque, there are various methods to clean spaceflight hardware of biological contamination, known as biological reduction processes. Different approaches clean your hardwares teeth in different ways and with different levels of effectiveness. We know that brushing at home with a simple toothbrush is convenient and has a different level of impact vs. getting your teeth cleaned at the dentist. In the same way, there are some approaches to biological reduction that may require simple tools or more complex implementation approaches (think about sonicating or just soaking your dentures, vs. brushing them). There are also some that are more effective for different degrees of cleanliness and still some that have materials compatibility concerns. In this article, we review known and NASA-certified approaches for biological reduction, pointing out materials compatibility concerns and areas where additional research is needed.

A randomized controlled trial to assess the pain associated with the debond of orthodontic fixed appliances

PubMed Central

Mangnall, Louise A R; Dietrich, Thomas; Scholey, John M

2013-01-01

Objective: To determine patient experience of pain during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances, expectations of pain during debond and whether biting on a soft acrylic wafer during debond decreases pain experience. Design: Multicentre randomized controlled trial. Setting: Three UK hospital based orthodontic departments: Mid-Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham Dental Hospital and University Hospital of North Staffordshire. Materials and methods: Ninety patients were randomly allocated to either the control (n = 45) or wafer group (n = 45). A visual analogue scale-based questionnaire was completed pre-debond to determine pain experience during treatment and expectations of pain during debond. The appliances were debonded and those in the wafer group bit on a soft acrylic wafer. A second questionnaire was completed post-debond to assess the pain experienced. Results: Biting on an acrylic wafer significantly reduced the pain experienced when debonding the posterior teeth (P≤0·05). Thirty-nine per cent found the lower anterior teeth the most painful. The expected pain was significantly greater than that actually experienced (P≤0·0001). Greater pain during treatment correlated with increased expectations and increased actually experienced pain (P≤0·0001). Conclusions: Biting on a soft acrylic wafer during debond of the posterior teeth reduces the pain experienced. The lower anterior teeth are the most painful. The pain expected is significantly greater than actually experienced. Patients who had greater pain during treatment expected and experienced greater pain at debond. PMID:24009318

Root canal revascularization. The beginning of a new era in endodontics.

PubMed

Alrahabi, Mothanna K; Ali, Mahmoud M

2014-05-01

Endodontic management of immature anterior teeth with necrotic pulps is a great challenge. Although there are different treatment procedures to deal with this problem such as apexification by using calcium hydroxide dressings or applying a barrier of mineral trioxide aggregate and gutta-percha obturation, the outcomes are still unsatisfactory and the root might still be weak. Recently, a new treatment protocol by revascularization of immature non-vital, infected teeth was introduced to regenerate dental structure and complete the root maturation. However, larger case series with longer follow-up periods are required to accept revascularization as the standard protocol for management of immature non-vital, infected teeth. In this review, we discuss the concept of root canal revascularization, revascularization mechanisms, and the structure of the regenerated tissues.

Frequency-doubled Alexandrite laser for use in periodontology: a scanning electron microscopic investigation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rechmann, Peter; Hennig, Thomas

1996-12-01

During prior studies it could be demonstrated that engaging a frequency double Alexandrite-laser allows a fast and strictly selective ablation of supra- and subgingival calculus. Furthermore, the removal of unstained microbial plaque was observed. First conclusions were drawn following light microscopic investigations on undecalcified sections of irradiated teeth. In the present study the cementum surface after irradiation with a frequency doubled Alexandrite-laser was observed by means of a scanning electron microscope. After irradiation sections of teeth were dried in alcohol and sputtered with gold. In comparison irradiated cementum surfaces of unerupted operatively removed wisdom teeth and tooth surfaces after the selective removal of calculus were investigated. A complete removal of calculus was observed as well as a remaining smooth surface of irradiated cementum.

Oral Health Related Quality of Life among Tamil Speaking Adults Attending a Dental Institution in Chennai, Southern India

PubMed Central

Tadepalli, Anupama; Victor, Dhayanand John; Dharuman, Smriti

2016-01-01

Introduction Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) indicates an individual’s perception of how their well-being and quality of life is influenced by oral health. It facilitates treatment planning, assessing patient centred treatment outcomes and satisfaction. Aim The study aimed to identify the factors influencing OHRQoL among Tamil speaking South Indian adult population. Materials and Methods Non-probability sampling was done and 199 subjects aged 20-70 years were recruited for this observational study. The subjects were requested to fill a survey form along with the validated Tamil General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI-Tml) questionnaire in the waiting area following which clinical examination was done by a single experienced Periodontist. Results The mean score with standard deviation for physical dimension was 4.34±0.96, psychological dimension was 4.03±1.13 and pain was 4.05±1.09 on GOHAI. Greater impacts were seen for psychosocial dimensions like pleased with the appearance of teeth/denture Q7 (3.7±1.2), worried about the problems with teeth/denture Q9 (3.7±1) and pain or discomfort in teeth Q12 (3.8±1). Functions like swallowing Q3 (4.5±0.8) and speaking Q4 (4.6±0.7) were minimally affected. As age increased subjects perceived more negative impacts as indicated by lower ADD-GOHAI and higher SC-GOHAI scores (p<0.01). Subjects complaining of bad breath, bleeding gums and Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) problems, reported poor OHRQoL (p<0.05). It was observed that as self-perceived oral and general health status deteriorated, OHRQoL also worsened (p<0.01). Subjects with missing teeth, cervical abrasion, restorations, gingival recession and mobility had more impacts on OHRQoL (p<0.05). Subjects diagnosed with periodontitis had lower OHRQoL as reported on the scale than gingivitis subjects (p<0.01). Conclusion In this study minimal impact was seen in all the three dimensions assessed with GOHAI. Factors like age, education, employment status, income, self-reported oral health, self-perceived general health, satisfaction with oral health, perceived need for treatment and denture wearing status influenced perceived OHRQoL. Bad breath, bleeding gums, TMJ problems, more number of missing teeth, decayed teeth, cervical abrasion, gingival recession and mobility were associated with poor OHRQoL. PMID:27891472

A long-term study on the clinical effects of mechanical widening of cheek teeth diastemata for treatment of periodontitis in 202 horses (2008-2011).

PubMed

Dixon, P M; Ceen, S; Barnett, T; O'Leary, J M; Parkin, T D; Barakzai, S

2014-01-01

Cheek teeth diastemata are a common cause of painful periodontal disease in horses, but there is limited objective information on their treatment. To assess the long-term response to diastema widening in clinically affected horses. Retrospective study. Medical records from cases of cheek teeth diastemata treated by diastema widening referred to the University of Edinburgh Equine Hospital from 2008 to 2011 were analysed. During this period, 302 horses were diagnosed with clinically significant cheek teeth diastemata, of which 202, median age 11 years, with severe associated periodontitis were treated by widening of 674 problematic diastemata; 89.8% between mandibular cheek teeth and 10.2% between maxillary cheek teeth, with a mean of 1.5 treatments performed per case. These 202 cases showed quidding in 76.2%; weight loss in 33.2%; bitting problems in 20.1% and halitosis in 10.9%, with 5.4% being asymptomatic. Follow-up of 92% of treated cases, a mean of 20.8 months after their initial treatment, showed that 72.6% had complete remission of clinical signs that was permanent (for the duration of this study) in 50.5% and temporary in 22%. A partial response was obtained in 17.2%, no response was obtained in 4.3%, and owners were unsure of response in 5.9%. Clinical improvement was sometimes delayed, with 19% taking >4 weeks following treatment for improvement. Inappropriate sites were burred in individual teeth of 6 horses, causing iatrogenic pulpar exposure in 2 cases, but following treatment none developed clinical signs of apical infection. Diastema widening is an effective but potentially invasive treatment for horses with cheek teeth diastemata with severe periodontitis. Diastema widening by trained personnel is suitable for advanced cases of cheek teeth diastema, but many cases require repeated treatments. © 2013 EVJ Ltd.

Multivariate Analyses of Small Theropod Dinosaur Teeth and Implications for Paleoecological Turnover through Time

PubMed Central

Larson, Derek W.; Currie, Philip J.

2013-01-01

Isolated small theropod teeth are abundant in vertebrate microfossil assemblages, and are frequently used in studies of species diversity in ancient ecosystems. However, determining the taxonomic affinities of these teeth is problematic due to an absence of associated diagnostic skeletal material. Species such as Dromaeosaurus albertensis, Richardoestesia gilmorei, and Saurornitholestes langstoni are known from skeletal remains that have been recovered exclusively from the Dinosaur Park Formation (Campanian). It is therefore likely that teeth from different formations widely disparate in age or geographic position are not referable to these species. Tooth taxa without any associated skeletal material, such as Paronychodon lacustris and Richardoestesia isosceles, have also been identified from multiple localities of disparate ages throughout the Late Cretaceous. To address this problem, a dataset of measurements of 1183 small theropod teeth (the most specimen-rich theropod tooth dataset ever constructed) from North America ranging in age from Santonian through Maastrichtian were analyzed using multivariate statistical methods: canonical variate analysis, pairwise discriminant function analysis, and multivariate analysis of variance. The results indicate that teeth referred to the same taxon from different formations are often quantitatively distinct. In contrast, isolated teeth found in time equivalent formations are not quantitatively distinguishable from each other. These results support the hypothesis that small theropod taxa, like other dinosaurs in the Late Cretaceous, tend to be exclusive to discrete host formations. The methods outlined have great potential for future studies of isolated teeth worldwide, and may be the most useful non-destructive technique known of extracting the most data possible from isolated and fragmentary specimens. The ability to accurately assess species diversity and turnover through time based on isolated teeth will help illuminate patterns of evolution and extinction in these groups and potentially others in greater detail than has previously been thought possible without more complete skeletal material. PMID:23372708

Effects of contamination by either blood or a hemostatic agent on the shear bond strength of orthodontic buttons

PubMed Central

Alkis, Huseyin; Turkkahraman, Hakan

2013-01-01

Objective To evaluate the effects of contamination by either blood or a hemostatic agent on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic buttons. Methods We used 45 freshly extracted, non-carious, impacted third molars that were divided into 3 groups of 15. Each tooth was etched with 37% phosphoric acid gel for 30 s. Human blood or the blood stopper agent was applied to the tooth surface in groups I and II, respectively. Group III teeth were untreated (controls). Orthodontic buttons were bonded to the teeth using light-curing composite resin. After bonding, the SBS of the button was determined using a Universal testing machine. Any adhesive remaining after debonding was assessed and scored according to the modified adhesive remnant index (ARI). ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey's test was used to determine significant differences in SBS and Fisher's exact test, to determine significant differences in ARI scores among groups. Results ANOVA indicated a significant difference between groups (p < 0.001). The highest SBS values were measured in group III (10.73 ± 0.96 MPa). The SBS values for teeth in groups I and II were significantly lower than that of group III (p < 0.001). The lowest SBS values were observed in group I teeth (4.17 ± 1.11 MPa) (p < 0.001). Conclusions Contamination of tooth surfaces with either blood or hemostatic agent significantly decreased the SBS of orthodontic buttons. When the contamination risk is high, it is recommended to use the blood stopper agent when bonding orthodontic buttons on impacted teeth. PMID:23671834

The unique contribution of elements of smile aesthetics to psychosocial well-being.

PubMed

Lukez, A; Pavlic, A; Trinajstic Zrinski, M; Spalj, S

2015-04-01

Pleasant smile aesthetics is an important contributory factor to psychosocial well-being. The aim of this study was to determine the psychosocial influence of smile aesthetics. The study was cross-sectional on a convenient sample that included patients, pupils, students and faculty staff. A total of 155 subjects (36% male) aged 12-39 (mean age 21, interquartile range 19-23) were included. Occlusal characteristics were recorded by the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need, and smiling frontal view photographs were obtained. Fourteen variables were measured using photogrammetric analysis: smile width, visibility of buccal corridors, maximum teeth exposure, total gingival display, lip thickness, degree of occlusal cant and deviation from golden proportion of the teeth in maxillary intercanine sector. Psychometric instruments included the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Statistical analysis comprised multiple linear regressions. Malocclusion severity is the most important predictor of psychosocial influence of smile aesthetics and self-esteem, the unique contribution of which accounts for a total of 4-27% of variability. Female gender is associated with higher psychological influence of dental aesthetics while male gender and older age with self-esteem. Malocclusions have higher psychosocial impact than parameters of mini- and micro-aesthetics of smile related to visibility of buccal corridors, amount of teeth exposure, gingival display, lip thickness, presence of occlusal cant and deviation from golden proportion of the teeth. It appears that people are not as focused on details of their smile as they are on distinctive malposition of teeth. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Regional early development and eruption of permanent teeth: case report.

PubMed

Al Mullahi, A M; Bakathir, A; Al Jahdhami, S

2017-02-01

Early development and eruption of permanent teeth are rarely reported in scientific literature. Early eruption of permanent teeth has been reported to occur due to local factors such as trauma or dental abscesses in primary teeth, and in systemic conditions. Congenital diffuse infiltrating facial lipomatosis (CDIFL) is a rare condition that belongs to a group of lipomatosis tumours. In this disorder, the mature adipocytes invade adjacent soft and hard tissues in the facial region. Accelerated tooth eruption is one of the dental anomalies associated with CDIFL. A 3-year-old boy presented with a swelling of the lower lip localised early development and eruption of permanent teeth and dental caries involving many primary teeth. The planned treatment included biopsy of the swollen lower lip to confirm the diagnosis, surgical reduction and reconstruction of lip aesthetics. The management of the carious primary teeth included preventative and comprehensive dental care and extractions. These procedures were completed under general anaesthesia due to the child's young age and poor cooperation. The lip biopsy showed features of CDIFL such as the presence of infiltrating adipose tissue, prominent number of nerve bundles and thickened vessels. The high recurrence rate of CDIFL mandates long-term monitoring during the facial growth period of the child. Follow-up care by the paediatric dentist and maxillofacial surgeon has been required to manage all aspects of this congenital malformation. This rare disorder has many implications affecting child's facial aesthetics, psychological well being, developing occlusion and risk of dental caries. A multi-disciplinary approach is needed for management of this condition.

Comorbid depression/anxiety and teeth removed: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2010.

PubMed

Wiener, R Constance; Wiener, Michael A; McNeil, Daniel W

2015-10-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between participants (i) who reported having had clinical diagnoses of depression and anxiety with 6+ teeth removed and (ii) who reported having had clinical diagnoses of depression and anxiety with edentulism. The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Survey 2010 was used for the study. Analyses involved using SAS 9.3® to determine variable frequencies, Rao-Scott chi-square bivariate analyses, and Proc Surveylogistic for the logistic regressions on complex survey designs. Participants eligibility included being 18 years or older and having complete data on depression, anxiety, and number of teeth removed. There were 76 292 eligible participants; 13.4% reported an anxiety diagnosis, 16.7% reported a depression diagnosis, and 8.6% reported comorbid depression and anxiety. The adjusted logistic regression models were significant for anxiety and depression alone and in combination for 6+ teeth removed (AOR: anxiety 1.23; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.38; P = 0.0773; AOR: depression 1.23; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.37; P = 0.0275; P < 0.0001; and AOR: comorbid depression and anxiety 1.30; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.49; P = 0.0001). However, the adjusted models with edentulism as the outcome failed to reach significance. Comorbid depression and anxiety are associated independently with 6+ teeth removed compared with 0-5 teeth removed in a national study conducted in United States. Comorbid depression and anxiety were not shown to be associated with edentulism as compared with any teeth present. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

[Analysis of the unsuccessful cases of the porcelain-fused-to-metal-crowns and bridges].

PubMed

Zhai, Li-Yun; Zhao, Yu-Zhen; Wang, Shao-Ping; Yang, Yue-Hua

2005-06-01

To discuss the unsuccessful reasons and the preventive methods of the unsuccessful clinic cases. The retrospective analysis was carried on the 80 prosthesis in 70 patients from 1994 to 2001 which were suffered with unsuccessful results after the restoration of the metal crowns and bridges. There were 68 teeth which had collapsed or broken. 20 teeth had the post loosing or shedding. Root breaking, food impaction, unharmony colors of porcelain and the changing color of gingival were 3, 3, 6 and 2 teeth. It is necessary to select suitable repairing materials and operate correctly for preventing the occurring of the unsuccessful results in the porcelain-fused-to-metal-crowns and bridges.

The Impact of Apical Patency in the Success of Endodontic Treatment of Necrotic Teeth with Apical Periodontitis: A Brief Review.

PubMed

Machado, Ricardo; Ferrari, Carlos Henrique; Back, Eduardo; Comparin, Daniel; Tomazinho, Luiz Fernando; Vansan, Luiz Pascoal

2016-01-01

Accumulation of soft tissue or dentinal remnants in the apical region is a common event that can cause blockage of root canals. This event can be avoided if apical patency is performed during the root canal shaping procedures. However, there is no consensus on the role of apical patency in relation to the success of endodontic treatment of necrotic teeth with apical periodontitis. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to conduct a brief review on the role of apical patency in guaranteeing the success of endodontic treatments of necrotic teeth with apical periodontitis considering two other key points; the root canal anatomy and microbiology.

Comparison between implant-supported prostheses and teeth regarding passive threshold level.

PubMed

Jacobs, R; van Steenberghe, D

1993-01-01

A passive threshold determination was carried out on 31 patients subdivided into four test groups according to different prosthesis types supported by osseointegrated implants. They were compared to a control group of 10 patients with nonrestored natural test teeth. Forces were generated by a solenoid-driven stimulating device, which was placed in contact with the implant or tooth prior to the actual force rise to avoid impact forces. The findings indicate that the threshold level of implants is 50 times higher than that of natural teeth when tapping is avoided, which might otherwise trigger distant receptors. Bone deformation triggering the periosteal mechanoreceptors is the most logical explanation for the sensation reported.

A preliminary report on histological outcome of pulpotomy with endodontic biomaterials vs calcium hydroxide.

PubMed

Nosrat, Ali; Peimani, Ali; Asgary, Saeed

2013-11-01

The purpose of the study was to evaluate human dental pulp response to pulpotomy with calcium hydroxide (CH), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and calcium enriched mixture (CEM) cement. A total of nine erupted third molars were randomly assigned to each pulpotomy group. The same clinician performed full pulpotomies and coronal restorations. The patients were followed clinically for six months; the teeth were then extracted and prepared for histological assessments. The samples were blindly assessed by an independent observer for pulp vitality, pulp inflammation, and calcified bridge formation. All patients were free of clinical signs/symptoms of pulpal/periradicular diseases during the follow up period. In CH group, one tooth had necrotic radicular pulp; other two teeth in this group had vital uninflamed pulps with complete dentinal bridge formation. In CEM cement and MTA groups all teeth had vital uninflamed radicular pulps. A complete dentinal bridge was formed beneath CEM cement and MTA in all roots. Odontoblast-like cells were present beneath CEM cement and MTA in all samples. This study revealed that CEM cement and MTA were reliable endodontic biomaterials in full pulpotomy treatment. In contrast, the human dental pulp response to CH might be unpredictable.

The impact on bone tissues of immediate implant-supported mandibular overdentures with cusped and cuspless teeth

PubMed Central

Arafa, Khalid A.

2016-01-01

Objectives: To examine the effects on bone tissues of immediate implant-supported mandibular overdentures with cusped or cuspless teeth. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Dental Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Egypt, over a 12-month period from September 2013 to September 2014. Twenty patients were treated with immediate implant-supported overdentures: one group received overdentures with cusped teeth, and the other group received overdentures with cuspless teeth. The rate of implant success was assessed clinically and radiographically at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. The data were collected by a questionnaire, an observation checklist, and radiography. The data were then analyzed using computerized methods. Results: Overdentures with cusped teeth showed a significant improvement in the clinical criteria, including the absence of clinical implant mobility, pain, and bone resorption, while the clinical criteria for the absence of peri-implant radiolucency were insignificantly different between the 2 groups (p>0.05). There were no significant differences in the clinical evaluations for bone levels at the time of insertion or 3 months after insertions, while significant differences were found at 6, 9, and 12 months after insertion. Conclusion: Overdentures with cusped teeth supported by immediate implants were found superior regarding many clinical criteria than those cuspless counterparts. PMID:26739979

The impact on bone tissues of immediate implant-supported mandibular overdentures with cusped and cuspless teeth.

PubMed

Arafa, Khalid A

2016-01-01

To examine the effects on bone tissues of immediate implant-supported mandibular overdentures with cusped or cuspless teeth. A randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Dental Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Egypt, over a 12-month period from September 2013 to September 2014. Twenty patients were treated with immediate implant-supported overdentures: one group received overdentures with cusped teeth, and the other group received overdentures with cuspless teeth. The rate of implant success was assessed clinically and radiographically at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. The data were collected by a questionnaire, an observation checklist, and radiography. The data were then analyzed using computerized methods.  Overdentures with cusped teeth showed a significant improvement in the clinical criteria, including the absence of clinical implant mobility, pain, and bone resorption, while the clinical criteria for the absence of peri-implant radiolucency were insignificantly different between the 2 groups (p more than 0.05). There were no significant differences in the clinical evaluations for bone levels at the time of insertion or 3 months after insertions, while significant differences were found at 6, 9, and 12 months after insertion. Overdentures with cusped teeth supported by immediate implants were found superior regarding many clinical criteria than those cuspless counterparts.

Correlations between Cervical Vertebral Maturation (CVM) and Dental Development in Thai Cleft Patients.

PubMed

Chongcharueyskul, Pathomporn; Wangsrimonkol, Tasanee; Pisek, Poonsak; Pisek, Araya; Manosudprasit, Montian

2015-08-01

To examine correlations between cervical vertebral maturation stages (CVMs) and dental development stages, and cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) stage 6 and completion of root formation of mandibular third molar in Thai cleft patients. Lateral cephalograms of 366 cleft subjects aged 7-9 years were assessed for CVMs using Baccetti method. Calcication stages of all left mandibular teeth within each CVMs were assessed from panoramic films using Demirjian method. Spearman rank correlation coefficients comparing CVMs and teeth were 0.51-0.79 (p<0.001). Second molar had the highest and central incisor had the lowest correlations. In CVMs 6, 2.9% of third molars had completed root formation. However, only CVMs 6 could be predicted from third molar stage G that had a high likelihood ratio (30.94). Dental development was highly correlated with CVM in clefts. Third molar stage G could predict completed growth of mandible in individual patients, but it should be combined with other maturation indicators.

Masseter muscle fatigue during sustained clenching in subjects with complete dentures, implant-supported prostheses, and natural teeth.

PubMed

Jacobs, R; van Steenberghe, D

1993-03-01

A sustained submaximal (50%) clenching effort was performed in four patient groups to establish whether implant-supported prosthetic reconstructions influence myoelectrical signal parameters. The first group consisted of patients with natural teeth in both jaws. The other three groups consisted of patients who were edentulous in both jaws: one group had complete dentures; one had an overdenture in the mandible on two implants connected by a bar; and the third had an implant-supported fixed prosthesis in either the maxilla or the mandible. Surface electromyography indicated an increased myoelectrical output level that paralleled a higher bite force level for implant-supported reconstructions compared with complete dentures. Power spectrum analysis revealed a downward shift of the mean power frequency during sustained clenching in all groups except the implant-supported fixed prosthesis. The absence of a spectral shift in the latter group probably reflected a fear of biting too hard and fracturing the prosthesis.

The impact of mother's literacy on child dental caries: Individual data or aggregate data analysis?

PubMed

Haghdoost, Ali-Akbar; Hessari, Hossein; Baneshi, Mohammad Reza; Rad, Maryam; Shahravan, Arash

2017-01-01

To evaluate the impact of mother's literacy on child dental caries based on a national oral health survey in Iran and to investigate the possibility of ecological fallacy in aggregate data analysis. Existing data were from second national oral health survey that was carried out in 2004, which including 8725 6 years old participants. The association of mother's literacy with caries occurrence (DMF (Decayed, Missing, Filling) total score >0) of her child was assessed using individual data by logistic regression model. Then the association of the percentages of mother's literacy and the percentages of decayed teeth in each 30 provinces of Iran was assessed using aggregated data retrieved from the data of second national oral health survey of Iran and alternatively from census of "Statistical Center of Iran" using linear regression model. The significance level was set at 0.05 for all analysis. Individual data analysis showed a statistically significant association between mother's literacy and decayed teeth of children ( P = 0.02, odds ratio = 0.83). There were not statistical significant association between mother's literacy and child dental caries in aggregate data analysis of oral health survey ( P = 0.79, B = 0.03) and census of "Statistical Center of Statistics" ( P = 0.60, B = 0.14). Literate mothers have a preventive effect on occurring dental caries of children. According to the high percentage of illiterate parents in Iran, it's logical to consider suitable methods of oral health education which do not need reading or writing. Aggregate data analysis and individual data analysis had completely different results in this study.

Endoscopic root canal treatment.

PubMed

Moshonov, Joshua; Michaeli, Eli; Nahlieli, Oded

2009-10-01

To describe an innovative endoscopic technique for root canal treatment. Root canal treatment was performed on 12 patients (15 teeth), using a newly developed endoscope (Sialotechnology), which combines an endoscope, irrigation, and a surgical microinstrument channel. Endoscopic root canal treatment of all 15 teeth was successful with complete resolution of all symptoms (6-month follow-up). The novel endoscope used in this study accurately identified all microstructures and simplified root canal treatment. The endoscope may be considered for use not only for preoperative observation and diagnosis but also for active endodontic treatment.

Trial shows partial caries removal is an effective technique in primary molars.

PubMed

Santamaria, Ruth; Innes, Nicola

2014-09-01

Randomised controlled trial in a university setting. Children aged three to eight years, with at least one molar with an acute, deep carious lesion into the dentine were recruited. Treatment took place under rubber dam with decayed dentine being removed completely from the lateral walls of cavities in both groups using round burs operated at low speed. TCR or PCR was then performed in the pulpal wall of each tooth. After caries removal teeth were restored with calcium hydroxide cement and composite resin. Teeth with pulpal exposure were pulpotomised using ferric sulphate. The presence of a fistula, swelling, spontaneous pain and mobility not compatible with root resorption were considered to be clinical signs of failure. Radiolucency at the furcation or in the periapical region and internal or external pathological resorption were considered to be radiographic signs of failure. One hundred and twenty-four teeth in 51 patients were randomised. In the TCR group there were 57 teeth and 38 patients, with 41 patients and 67 teeth in the PCR group. Three patients (four teeth; one PCR and three TCR) dropped out leaving 120 teeth (PCR: n = 66; TCR: n = 54) for analysis. In the TCR group 27.5% (15) teeth in 13 children had pulp exposure compared with one tooth in one child in the PCR group (2%). The mean operative time was significantly higher for TCR (28.1 min; 95% CI: 23.6-32.6 min) than for PCR (17.9 min; 95% CI: 16.3-19.5 min). There was no statistical difference in success rates at 24 months between the groups. The success rate in the TCR group was 96%; (95% CI: 85-99%) compared with 92%; (95% CI: 81-96%) in the PCR group. The clinical and radiographic success rates of PCR and TCR in primary teeth with deep carious lesions were high and did not differ significantly, indicating that PCR is a reliable minimally invasive approach in primary teeth and that the retention of carious dentine does not interfere with pulp vitality. Moreover, PCR provided other clinically relevant advantages over TCR, especially lower incidence of pulp exposure and lower operative time.

A rubber-covered ceramic weapon reduces the incidence of dental trauma in recruits during combat basic training.

PubMed

Becker, Talia; Ashkenazi, Malka

2011-10-01

The effect of a rubber-covered ceramic weapon was assessed on the incidence of dental trauma during basic training, since soldiers are more at risk of impact from a personal weapon. Dental files of soldiers (n = 4,542), who completed 8 months of training during 2008, were analyzed for incidence and type of dental trauma from a personal weapon. A rubber-covered ceramic weapon (n = 2,972) or a conventional one (n = 1,570, control) was used. Dental trauma was 0.4% per 8 months (0.6% per year) from the ceramic weapon and 1.5% per 8 months (2.3% per year) from the conventional one (p<0.001). The most prevalent type of injury was a simple/noncomplicated crown fracture (82% in study group, 75% in control group). The ceramic weapon significantly reduced dental trauma by diminishing the impact while in direct contact with the teeth or by absorbing and/or distributing the impact force. In conclusion, when possible a rubber-covered ceramic weapon should be preferred for basic combat training.

Clinical efficacy of a computerised device (STA™) and a pressure syringe (VarioJect INTRA™) for intraligamentary anaesthesia.

PubMed

Kämmerer, P W; Schiegnitz, E; von Haussen, T; Shabazfar, N; Kämmerer, P; Willershausen, B; Al-Nawas, B; Daubländer, M

2015-02-01

To evaluate the impact of experience whilst using different devices for intraligamentary anaesthesia, dental students tested clinical anaesthetic efficacy of a mechanical (PDL-S) and a computer-controlled (CCLAD) application system in restorative patients. In a prospective study, 41 Patients in need of restorative treatment in lower posterior mandible were randomised into three groups (PDL-S: teeth n = 22; CCLAD: teeth n = 20; inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB): teeth n = 20). Dental last year students conducted anaesthesia and dental treatment. Primary objectives were differences in pain during treatment [numeric rating scale (NRS)] as well as in anaesthetic efficacy (complete/sufficient vs. insufficient/no effect) between PDL-S and CCLAD. Pain of injection, need for second injections, amount of anaesthetic solution and duration of local numbness were assessed. IANB as gold standard was compared to each system descriptively. PDL-S had a significant lower pain during treatment (P = 0.017) but a similar anaesthetic efficacy (P = 0.175) compared to the CCLAD system. Concerning pain of injection (P = 0.42), quantity of second injections (P = 0.232), amount of used solution (P = 0.073) as well as duration of local numbness (P = 0.253), no differences were seen. When comparing both periodontal ligament injection (PDL)-systems with IANB, pain rating was higher when using CCLAD. Injection pain, amount of used solution as well as soft tissue anaesthesia was less for PDL-S and CCLAD. Both PDL techniques showed a good success for dental routine treatments. Although, compared to the mechanic device, the CCLAD system might need more clinical daily experience. We recommend including specific trainings in intraligamentary anaesthesia in the dental curriculum. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Regenerative Endodontics Versus Apexification in Immature Permanent Teeth with Apical Periodontitis: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study.

PubMed

Lin, Jiacheng; Zeng, Qian; Wei, Xi; Zhao, Wei; Cui, Minyi; Gu, Jing; Lu, Jiaxuan; Yang, Maobin; Ling, Junqi

2017-11-01

The aim of the study was to compare the outcomes of regenerative endodontic treatment (RET) and apexification on immature permanent teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis. A total of 118 patients (118 teeth) were recruited and randomly assigned to either RET or apexification treatment. Each treatment group was divided into 2 subgroups according to the etiology: dens evaginatus or trauma. Clinical symptoms and complications were recorded, and cone-beam computed tomographic imaging with a limited field of view was used to measure the change of root length, root thickness, and apical foramen size at the 12-month follow-up. The t test/rank sum test and Fisher exact test were applied to compare the change of root morphology between RET and apexification. One hundred three of 118 cases were completed at the 12-month follow-up. The survival rate was 100% for both treatment groups. All cases were asymptomatic with apical healing. The RET group showed a significant increase in root length and root thickness compared with the apexification group (P < .05). In the RET group, the cases caused by dens evaginatus achieved increased root length and root thickness compared with those caused by trauma (P < .05). RET and apexification achieved a comparable outcome in regard to the resolution of symptoms and apical healing. RET showed a better outcome than apexification regarding increased root thickness and root length. The etiology had an impact on the outcome of RET. Dens evaginatus cases showed better prognoses than trauma cases after RET. Copyright © 2017 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Clinical performance of cements as luting agents for telescopic double crown-retained removable partial and complete overdentures.

PubMed

Behr, Michael; Kolbeck, Carola; Lang, Reinhold; Hahnel, Sebastian; Dirschl, Lisa; Handel, Gerhard

2009-01-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the survival rates and technical failures of removable prostheses (RPs) supported by telescopic double crown (TDC)-retained abutment teeth luted with zinc-phosphate or glass-ionomer cement. Clinical records of 577 patients (288 women, 289 men) who received 577 TDC-retained RPs supported by 1,807 abutments at the Department of Prosthodontics of the University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany, between 1984 and 2007 were analyzed. The 577 prostheses included 200 attached to telescopic crowns with friction fit (FFs), 62 to conical crowns (CCs), and 315 to parallel-sided telescopic crowns with clearance fit (CFs). Survival probabilities were evaluated for the RPs, loss of cementation of the inner copings, secondary caries, and abutment teeth that required endodontic treatment using the Kaplan-Meier method. A Cox regression analysis determined the impact of covariates such as sex, denture location (maxilla/mandible), Eichner classification, number of abutment teeth, and the type of double crown system used. The 10-year survival probability was 98.8% +/- 0.09% for FFs, 92.9% +/- 0.41% for CCs, and 86.6% +/- 0.05% for CFs. During the observation period, loss of cementation was frequently observed (FFs: 32%, CCs: 53.2%, CFs: 21.3%). After 15 years, more than 75% of patients had experienced at least one "loss of cementation" event. In this respect, zinc-oxide phosphate and glass-ionomer cements did not show any significant difference. The long-term successful outcome of the RP experience was not compromised, although numerous clinical visits were required for maintenance. The predominant maintenance procedure was the need for recementation of the inner copings.

Impact of cone beam computed tomography on periapical assessment and treatment planning five to eleven years after surgical endodontic retreatment.

PubMed

Kruse, C; Spin-Neto, R; Wenzel, A; Vaeth, M; Kirkevang, L-L

2018-01-18

To evaluate how additional information from Cone Beam CT (CBCT) impacts on periapical assessment and treatment planning based on clinical examination and periapical radiographs (PR) in cases followed up five to eleven years after surgical endodontic retreatment (SER). Patients receiving SER during 2004-2010 were reinvited for follow-up examination including clinical examination, PR, and CBCT. In total, 108 patients (119 teeth) were reinvited, 74 patients (83 teeth) accepted to participate. Three observers initially assessed PR according to the four-scaled, increasing disease severity criteria by Rud et al. (International Journal of Oral Surgery, 1, 1972 and 195) and Molven et al. (International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 16, and 432): 'Radiographic assessment A'. By including clinical information 'Treatment plan A' was made as follows: 1) no treatment, 2) further observation, 3) SER reoperation (SER-R), or 4) extraction. Hereafter, the CBCT volume was assessed and the information incorporated for 'Radiographic assessment B' followed by 'Treatment plan B'. Agreement between radiographic assessments and between treatment plans was recorded and assessed statistically by Stuart-Maxwell test for marginal homogeneity. Nine teeth had been extracted; thus, the final analysis included 74 teeth (66 patients). The radiographic assessment was changed as a result of the CBCT evaluation in 38 cases (51.4%), of which 35 (47.3%) were to a higher Rud & Molven score, P < 0.001. The treatment plan was changed for 18 teeth (24.3%). For 14 teeth (18.9%), the change was from no treatment or further observation to a more invasive treatment plan (SER-R or extraction), P = 0.005. The use of CBCT for long-term follow-up after SER led to more cases diagnosed with persisting or recurrent apical periodontitis and hence often to the recommendation of a more invasive treatment modality. © 2018 International Endodontic Journal. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Three-dimensional evaluation of effectiveness of hand and rotary instrumentation for retreatment of canals filled with different materials.

PubMed

Hammad, Mohammad; Qualtrough, Alison; Silikas, Nick

2008-11-01

The aim of this study was to measure the remaining filling volume of different obturation materials from root-filled extracted teeth by using 2 removal techniques. Eighty single-rooted teeth were collected and decoronated, and the root canal was prepared by using the ProTaper nickel-titanium rotary files. The teeth were randomly allocated into 4 groups, and each group was obturated by using a different material. Group 1 was filled with gutta-percha and TubliSeal sealer, group 2 was filled with EndoRez points and EndoRez sealer, group 3 was filled with RealSeal points and RealSeal sealer, and Group 4 was filled with a gutta-percha point and GuttaFlow sealer. Teeth were scanned with a micro-computed tomography scan, and then root fillings were removed by using ProTaper retreatment files or hand K-files. Teeth were scanned again, and volume measurements were carried out with micro-computed tomography software. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between the 2 removal techniques for gutta-percha and for both techniques between gutta-percha and the other groups. The present study showed that all tested filling materials were not completely removed during retreatment by using hand or rotary files. Gutta-percha was more efficiently removed by using hand K-files.

Root canal preparation in endodontics: conventional versus laser methods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goodis, Harold E.; White, Joel M.; Marshall, Sally J.; Marshall, Grayson W.; Moskowitz, Emrey

1992-06-01

Conventional cleaning and shaping of root canal systems employs hand and/or rotary instrumentation to remove the contents of the canal and shape the canal to receive a filling material. With the advent of the Nd:YAG laser system another method of accomplishing proper cleaning and shaping is evaluated. Single rooted teeth were radiographed bucco- lingually and mesio-distally and were divided into 2 groups. The first group was accessed and the root canal systems cleaned and shaped with a step back technique utilizing hand files and gates glidden burs. At completion of the procedure the teeth were again radiographed at the same positions as those prior to the procedure. The teeth were split longitudinally and examined under scanning electron microscopy to assess cleaning. The second group of teeth were accessed, and cleaning and shaping was accomplished using the Nd:YAG laser in combination with hand files and rotary instruments. These teeth were subjected to the same analysis as those in the first group. The before and after radiographs of each group were subjected to image analysis to determine effectiveness of the two methods in shaping the canal systems. We will discuss the ability of Nd:YAG to clean and shape root canal spaces and remove smear layer and organic tissue remnants from those areas.

Marginal adaptation of newer root canal sealers to dentin: A SEM study.

PubMed

Polineni, Swapnika; Bolla, Nagesh; Mandava, Pragna; Vemuri, Sayesh; Mallela, Madhusudana; Gandham, Vijaya Madhuri

2016-01-01

This in vitro study evaluated and compared the marginal adaptation of three newer root canal sealers to root dentin. Thirty freshly extracted human single-rooted teeth with completely formed apices were taken. Teeth were decoronated, and root canals were instrumented. The specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10) based upon the sealer used. Group 1 - teeth were obturated with epoxy resin sealer (MM-Seal). Group 2 - teeth were obturated with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) based sealer (MTA Fillapex), Group 3 - teeth were obturated with bioceramic sealer (EndoSequence BC sealer). Later samples were vertically sectioned using hard tissue microtome and marginal adaptation of sealers to root dentin was evaluated under coronal and apical halves using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and marginal gap values were recorded. The data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple post hoc test. The highest marginal gap was seen in Group 2 (apical-16680.00 nm, coronal-10796 nm) and the lowest marginal gap was observed in Group 1 (apical-599.42 nm, coronal-522.72 nm). Coronal halves showed superior adaptation compared to apical halves in all the groups under SEM. Within the limitations of this study epoxy resin-based MM-Seal showed good marginal adaptation than other materials tested.

Recurrent periodontal abscess associated with "teeth as a tool".

PubMed

Bhat, G Subraya; Singh, Vishal; Bhat, K Mahalinga

2012-01-01

We report an unusual case of recurrent periodontal abscess in a 31-year-old male electrician due to his habit of using his teeth as a tool for stripping electrical wires. The patient was not aware of the consequences of this habit. Clinically, there was presence of moderate depth of periodontal pocket around the tooth and, radiographically, there was a vertical defect mesial to the involved teeth. The patient was educated about the consequences of his habit and surgical treatment was undertaken. A papilla preservation flap with regenerative periodontal surgical procedure was done, orthodontic and restorative treatment was planned at the follow-up. This case highlights the importance of eliciting a proper and complete personal history, including occupational details. In our patient these details helped us correlate the destruction of the periodontium to the unusual etiology.

Recurrent periodontal abscess associated with “teeth as a tool”

PubMed Central

Bhat, G. Subraya; Singh, Vishal; Bhat, K. Mahalinga

2012-01-01

We report an unusual case of recurrent periodontal abscess in a 31-year-old male electrician due to his habit of using his teeth as a tool for stripping electrical wires. The patient was not aware of the consequences of this habit. Clinically, there was presence of moderate depth of periodontal pocket around the tooth and, radiographically, there was a vertical defect mesial to the involved teeth. The patient was educated about the consequences of his habit and surgical treatment was undertaken. A papilla preservation flap with regenerative periodontal surgical procedure was done, orthodontic and restorative treatment was planned at the follow-up. This case highlights the importance of eliciting a proper and complete personal history, including occupational details. In our patient these details helped us correlate the destruction of the periodontium to the unusual etiology. PMID:22628975

Modified overdentures for the management of oligodontia and developmental defects.

PubMed

Abadi, B J; Kimmel, N A; Falace, D A

1982-01-01

A technique for the construction of complete dentures over unaltered natural teeth has been described and illustrated for three different situations. The procedure is straightforward and simple and varies only slightly from conventional overdenture construction. The technique offers several advantages for a patient who wishes to keep the remaining natural teeth unaltered but who requires significant functional or esthetic improvement. Since the teeth are unaltered, any type of future treatment may be considered at any time without being compromised. This is an important factor to consider for the young patient. The cost, when compared to the fabrication of a fixed or cast removable prosthesis, is significantly less, while still providing acceptable esthetics and function. The versatility of this procedure allows its use in a number of situations which are not amenable to more complicated treatment methods.

Caregiver knowledge and attitudes of preschool oral health and early childhood caries (ECC).

PubMed

Schroth, Robert J; Brothwell, Douglas J; Moffatt, Michael E K

2007-04-01

Prevention strategies are integral to improving the oral health for young Aboriginal children. For such to be effective, it is important to understand the social value that parents and caregivers ascribe to primary teeth. The purpose of this paper is to report caregiver knowledge and attitudes toward preschool oral health and early childhood caries (ECC) from 4 communities in Manitoba. Cross-sectional study, including a retrospective interview with caregivers. Children and their main caregivers served as the sample. Preschoolers underwent a comprehensive dental screening while caregivers completed a questionnaire that explored knowledge and attitudes toward preschool dental health. Caregiver responses were matched with findings from each child's examination. A majority agreed that primary teeth were important, that dental disease could lead to health problems and that a first dental visit should be made by age 1. Caregivers of children with ECC were more likely to believe that caries could not affect a child's health while those who believed primary teeth are important had children with significantly less decay. Most caregivers believed that primary teeth are important and correctly responded to inquiries about knowledge and attitudes toward oral health. Attitudes on the importance of baby teeth and bottle feeding after one year of age, the effect of rotten teeth on childhood health and night-time nursing emerged as variables most associated with the absence/presence of ECC and deft rates. Incorporating such questioning into caries risk assessments may be a useful means to determine a child's risk for ECC.

Mathematical formulation of biomechanical parameters used in orthodontic treatment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Balakrishna, A.; Vamsi, Ch. Raghu; Rao, V. D. Prasad; Swamy, Ch. Kishore; Kuladeep, B.

2015-05-01

Orthodontic Treatment is being widely practiced around the world for teeth straightening and extraction to improve alignment of remaining teeth. Here, forces are applied to correct the position of teeth. The force applied on the teeth isn't calibrated and applied arbitrarily based on the recommendations from scientific research and experience of the orthodontist. The number of settings and the total time required for the completion of treatment also remains arbitrary. So, there is a need for determining the force which is actually acting on the teeth and determining the optimal force required for the treatment of each and every individual case. In this paper a mathematical relation is derived between the force applied on the tooth and tooth displacement by considering a 2nd order non-homogeneous linear differential equation. As the tooth displacement is not a direct function of force applied, Biomechanical parameters like mass of tooth, stiffness and damping coefficient of periodontal ligament & alveolar bone are involved in the differential equation. By solving the equation, tooth displacement thereby, tooth velocity can be obtained for a particular force. On the other hand, based on the dimensions of the model, orthodontist could determine the total tooth displacement required for each setting of the treatment, so that, the total displacement is covered. The orthodontist uses the data and applies the required force on to the teeth, based on which the orthodontist can plan his treatment procedure and reduce the number of settings, total treatment time and also increases the success rate of the treatment.

Assessing the efficacy of citrus aurantifolia extract on smear layer removal with scanning electron microscope.

PubMed

Bolhari, Behnam; Sharifian, Mohammad Reza; Aminsobhani, Mohsen; Monsef Esfehani, Hamid Reza; Tavakolian, Pardis

2012-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of citrus aurantifolia (CA) extract on smear layer removal in different parts of root canals. Thirty-nine single-rooted human teeth were randomly divided into three experimental (n=12) and one control (n=3) groups. Teeth were instrumented using MTwo rotary instruments. Root canals were irrigated with NaOCl during instrumentation. The canals in each group were irrigated with one of the following: completed mixture of citrus aurantifolia extracts, 17% EDTA, and alcoholic extract of CA. Distilled water was used for the control group. The irrigants were left within the canal for 20 minutes, and then rinsed with normal saline solution. Teeth were subsequently split longitudinally into 2 halves, and the canals were examined by a scanning electron-microscope. Cleanliness was evaluated using a five point scoring system. Statistical significant difference was found between groups (P<0.05). The smear layer was more effectively removed with 17% EDTA compared to alcoholic CA extract. However, they were both able to remove the smear layer in the coronal segment. Completed CA extract removed more smear layer in coronal and middle parts compared with the alcoholic extract (P=0.001); however, there was no significant difference in the apical part. Both of the alcoholic and completed mixtures of citrus aurantifolia extracts were not able to effectively remove smear layer compared with 17% EDTA during root canal therapy.

Ambras Syndrome: First Reported Case in Bangladesh and its Oral Rehabilitation.

PubMed

Khan, M H; Ashrafuzzaman, S M; Taib, A N; Alam, M T; Khan, S H; Goldstein, S K; Rahman, R

2015-10-01

People with rare hypertrichosis syndromes became crowd-drawing money-making phenomena in many 19th century sideshow acts. These individuals have been referred to as dog-men, hair-men, and werewolves. In 1993, Baumister et al. described congenital hypertrichosis lanuginose or Ambras syndrome: a distinct form of congenital hypertrichosis characterized by excessive hair growth over the body and face associated with facial and occasional dental anomalies. Much is not known about this syndrome since fewer than 50 cases have been documented worldwide. In this case report, a nine year old girl presented with excessive hair growth throughout her body that was denser along her midline. Furthermore, her face displayed the typical dysmorphic features characteristic of Ambras syndrome: a round tip nose, thickened nasal cartilage, antiverted nares, prominent philtrum with deep groove, and a trapezoid mouth. Oral examination revealed normal oral mucosa with completely missing and unerupted decidious and permanent teeth. Panoramic radiographs confirmed unerupted deciduous teeth. Previous case reports have mentioned the presence of occasional dental anomalies such as retarded first and second dentition and absence of some teeth. However, this is the first reported case of Ambras syndrome presenting with complete anodontia. Prior cytogenetic studies performed on persons with Ambras syndrome have implicated a balanced pericentric inversion of chromosome 8. However, it is likely that dental anomalies are likely a result of a different genetic rearrangement. Further studies are needed to explore the cause of this rare phenotype of Ambras syndrome with complete unerupted dentition.

Monitoring of typodont root movement via crown superimposition of single cone-beam computed tomography and consecutive intraoral scans.

PubMed

Lee, Robert J; Pham, John; Choy, Michael; Weissheimer, Andre; Dougherty, Harry L; Sameshima, Glenn T; Tong, Hongsheng

2014-03-01

The purpose of this study was to develop a new methodology to visualize in 3 dimensions whole teeth, including the roots, at any moment during orthodontic treatment without the need for multiple cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. An extraoral typodont model was created using extracted teeth placed in a wax base. These teeth were arranged to represent a typical malocclusion. Initial records of the malocclusion, including CBCT and intraoral surface scans, were taken. Threshold segmentation of the CBCT was performed to generate a 3-dimensional virtual model. This model and the intraoral surface scan model were superimposed to generate a complete set of digital composite teeth composed of high-resolution surface scan crowns sutured to the CBCT roots. These composite teeth were individually isolated from their respective arches for single-tooth manipulations. Orthodontic treatment for the malocclusion typodont model was performed, and posttreatment intraoral surface scans before and after bracket removal were taken. A CBCT scan after bracket removal was also obtained. The isolated composite teeth were individually superimposed onto the posttreatment surface scan, creating the expected root position setup. To validate this setup, it was compared with the posttreatment CBCT scan, which showed the true positions of the roots. Color displacement maps were generated to confirm accurate crown superimpositions and to measure the discrepancies between the expected and the true root positions. Color displacement maps through crown superimpositions showed differences between the expected and true root positions of 0.1678 ± 0.3178 mm for the maxillary teeth and 0.1140 ± 0.1587 mm for the mandibular teeth with brackets. Once the brackets were removed, differences of 0.1634 ± 0.3204 mm for the maxillary teeth and 0.0902 ± 0.2505 mm for the mandibular teeth were found. A new reliable approach was demonstrated in an ex-vivo typdont model to have the potential to track the 3-dimensional positions of whole teeth including the roots, with only the initial CBCT scan and consecutive intraoral scans. Since the presence of brackets in the intraoral scan had a minimal influence in the analysis, this method can be applied at any stage of orthodontic treatment. Copyright © 2014 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Influence of wearing latex gloves on electric pulp tester readings in children.

PubMed

Holan, G

1993-12-01

Electric pulp testers operated by completing an electric circuit. Latex examination gloves have been claimed to interrupt this circuit and lead to false-negative results. This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of wearing latex gloves on electric pulp tester (EPT) readings. The pulps of 80 maxillary permanent incisors of 22 children 10-13 1/2 years old were tested using the Pelton & Crane 'Vitapulp' instrument. Each tooth was tested twice: with gloves and with bare hands. Teeth failing to respond to the EPT without gloves were excluded from the study. All EPT readings ranged between 1 and 9.5. Five teeth gave the same responses with gloved and ungloved hands. Only five teeth did not respond when gloves were worn, and all of these gave readings near the top of the EPT scale when tested without gloves. The other 70 teeth presented significantly higher readings with gloves than without gloves. It is concluded that removal of examination gloves during the operation of the EPT is necessary only if no response is obtained.

Quick torque coupling

DOEpatents

Luft, Peter A [El Cerrito, CA

2009-05-12

A coupling for mechanically connecting modular tubular struts of a positioning apparatus or space frame, comprising a pair of toothed rings (10, 12) attached to separate strut members (16), the teeth (18, 20) of the primary rings (10, 12) mechanically interlocking in both an axial and circumferential manner, and a third part comprising a sliding, toothed collar (14) the teeth (22) of which interlock the teeth (18, 20) of the primary rings (10, 12), preventing them from disengaging, and completely locking the assembly together. A secondary mechanism provides a nesting force for the collar, and/or retains it. The coupling is self-contained and requires no external tools for installation, and can be assembled with gloved hands in demanding environments. No gauging or measured torque is required for assembly. The assembly can easily be visually inspected to determine a "go" or "no-go" status. The coupling is compact and relatively light-weight. Because of it's triply interlocking teeth, the connection is rigid. The connection does not primarily rely on clamps, springs or friction based fasteners, and is therefore reliable in fail-safe applications.

Risk factors affecting third molar autotransplantation in males: a retrospective survey in dental clinics.

PubMed

Yoshino, K; Kariya, N; Namura, D; Noji, I; Mitsuhashi, K; Kimura, H; Fukuda, A; Kikukawa, I; Hayashi, T; Yamazaki, N; Kimura, M; Tsukiyama, K; Yamamoto, K; Fukuyama, A; Hidaka, D; Shinoda, J; Mibu, H; Shimakura, Y; Saito, A; Ikumi, S; Umehara, K; Kamei, F; Fukuda, H; Toake, T; Takahashi, Y; Miyata, Y; Shioji, S; Toyoda, M; Hattori, N; Nishihara, H; Matsushima, R; Nishibori, M; Hokkedo, O; Nojima, M; Kimura, T; Fujiseki, M; Okudaira, S; Tanabe, K; Nakano, M; Ito, K; Kuroda, M; Matsukubo, T

2012-11-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors affecting long-term prognosis of autotransplantation of third molars with complete root formation in males at dental clinics. Participating dentists were requested to provide information on transplantations they had undertaken from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 2010. Data on a total of 708 teeth from 637 patients were collected. After data screening and elimination, participants of this study consisted of 183 teeth of 171 males ranging from 20 to 72 years of age (mean age, 44·8 years). The cumulative survival rate was 86·0% at the 5-year mark, 59·1% at 10 years and 28·0% at 15 years. The mean survival time was 134·5 months, as calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Single factor analysis using the log-rank test showed that the following factors had significant influence (P < 0·05) on survival of transplanted teeth: periodontal disease as the reason for recipient site tooth extraction, fewer than 25 present teeth and Eichner index Groups B1 to C. Cox regression analysis examined five factors: age, smoking habit, recipient site extraction caused by periodontal disease, fewer than 25 present teeth and Eichner index. This analysis showed that two of these factors were significant: fewer than 25 present teeth was 2·63 (95% CI, 1·03-6·69) and recipient site extraction caused by periodontal disease was 3·80 (95% CI, 1·61-9·01). The results of this study suggest that long-term survival of transplanted teeth in males is influenced not only by oral bacterium but also by occlusal status. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Spectrophotometric determination of irrigant extrusion using passive ultrasonic irrigation, EndoActivator, or syringe irrigation.

PubMed

Rodríguez-Figueroa, Carolina; McClanahan, Scott B; Bowles, Walter R

2014-10-01

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigation is critical to endodontic success, and several new methods have been developed to improve irrigation efficacy (eg, passive ultrasonic irrigation [PUI] and EndoActivator [EA]). Using a novel spectrophotometric method, this study evaluated NaOCl irrigant extrusion during canal irrigation. One hundred fourteen single-rooted extracted teeth were decoronated to leave 15 mm of the root length for each tooth. Cleaning and shaping of the teeth were completed using standardized hand and rotary instrumentation to an apical file size #40/0.04 taper. Roots were sealed (not apex), and 54 straight roots (n = 18/group) and 60 curved roots (>20° curvature, n = 20/group) were included. Teeth were irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl by 1 of 3 methods: passive irrigation with needle, PUI, or EA irrigation. Extrusion of NaOCl was evaluated using a pH indicator and a spectrophotometer. Standard curves were prepared with known amounts of irrigant to quantify amounts in unknown samples. Irrigant extrusion was minimal with all methods, with most teeth showing no NaOCl extrusion in straight or curved roots. Minor NaOCl extrusion (1-3 μL) in straight roots or curved roots occurred in 10%-11% of teeth in all 3 irrigant methods. Two teeth in both the syringe irrigation and the EA group extruded 3-10 μL of NaOCl. The spectrophotometric method used in this study proved to be very sensitive while providing quantification of the irrigant levels extruded. Using the PUI or EA tip to within 1 mm of the working length appears to be fairly safe, but apical anatomy can vary in teeth to allow extrusion of irrigant. Copyright © 2014 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Dental eruption in afrotherian mammals

PubMed Central

Asher, Robert J; Lehmann, Thomas

2008-01-01

Background Afrotheria comprises a newly recognized clade of mammals with strong molecular evidence for its monophyly. In contrast, morphological data uniting its diverse constituents, including elephants, sea cows, hyraxes, aardvarks, sengis, tenrecs and golden moles, have been difficult to identify. Here, we suggest relatively late eruption of the permanent dentition as a shared characteristic of afrotherian mammals. This characteristic and other features (such as vertebral anomalies and testicondy) recall the phenotype of a human genetic pathology (cleidocranial dysplasia), correlations with which have not been explored previously in the context of character evolution within the recently established phylogeny of living mammalian clades. Results Although data on the absolute timing of eruption in sengis, golden moles and tenrecs are still unknown, craniometric comparisons for ontogenetic series of these taxa show that considerable skull growth takes place prior to the complete eruption of the permanent cheek teeth. Specimens showing less than half (sengis, golden moles) or two-thirds (tenrecs, hyraxes) of their permanent cheek teeth reach or exceed the median jaw length of conspecifics with a complete dentition. With few exceptions, afrotherians are closer to median adult jaw length with fewer erupted, permanent cheek teeth than comparable stages of non-afrotherians. Manatees (but not dugongs), elephants and hyraxes with known age data show eruption of permanent teeth late in ontogeny relative to other mammals. While the occurrence of delayed eruption, vertebral anomalies and other potential afrotherian synapomorphies resemble some symptoms of a human genetic pathology, these characteristics do not appear to covary significantly among mammalian clades. Conclusion Morphological characteristics shared by such physically disparate animals such as elephants and golden moles are not easy to recognize, but are now known to include late eruption of permanent teeth, in addition to vertebral anomalies, testicondy and other features. Awareness of their possible genetic correlates promises insight into the developmental basis of shared morphological features of afrotherians and other vertebrates. PMID:18366669

Pattern of maxillary and mandibular proximal enamel thickness at the contact area of the permanent dentition from first molar to first molar.

PubMed

Sarig, Rachel; Vardimon, Alexander D; Sussan, Celine; Benny, Lea; Sarne, Ofer; Hershkovitz, Israel; Shpack, Nir

2015-04-01

Proximal enamel thickness (PET) at the mesial and distal contact areas of the complete permanent dentition has not been previously reported. Anatomic investigation of PET is essential for interproximal reduction treatment. Our objectives were to measure the PETs of the complete maxillary and mandibular dentitions at the contact areas, to compare the PETs of adjacent teeth, and to evaluate the vertical position of each contact area. We evaluated 720 extracted teeth; of these, 109 intact teeth were selected. The mesial and distal contact areas were demarcated, and each tooth was embedded in transparent epoxy resin. Blocks were prepared so that the 2 demarcated contact areas were exposed, and 6 measurements were taken and statistically analyzed. Both jaws showed the same PET pattern characterized by 5 features: PET increased progressively from incisor (0.63 mm) to first molar (1.48 mm). Per tooth, mesial and distal PET did not differ. Total maxillary (26.86 mm) and mandibular (24.52 mm) PETs were similar. Paired PETs at the interproximal interface were similar, with the exception of the lateral incisor-canine interfaces. From incisor to first molar, the contact area becomes located farther gingivally. The existing guideline of maximal 0.5-mm interproximal reduction per 2 adjacent teeth should be kept in the anterior region and could be increased to 1 mm in the posterior region, when an equal amount is removed. Copyright © 2015 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Impact of untreated dental caries and its clinical consequences on the oral health-related quality of life of schoolchildren aged 8-10 years.

PubMed

Mota-Veloso, Isabella; Soares, Maria Eliza C; Alencar, Bruna Mota; Marques, Leandro Silva; Ramos-Jorge, Maria Letícia; Ramos-Jorge, Joana

2016-01-01

This study aims to evaluate the impact of untreated dental caries and its clinical consequences on the quality of life of Brazilian schoolchildren aged 8-10 years. A randomly selected sample of 587 children underwent a clinical oral examination for the assessment of untreated dental caries and clinical consequences. The WHO criteria (decayed component of the decayed, missing, and filled teeth--D-DMFT in permanent teeth or d-dfmt in primary teeth) and the PUFA index, which records the presence of severely decayed permanent (upper case) and primary (lower case) teeth with visible pulpal involvement (P/p), as well as ulceration caused by dislocated tooth fragments (U/u), fistula (F/f), and abscesses (A/a), were used for the oral examination. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was evaluated using the Child's Perception Questionnaire (CPQ8-10). Poisson regression was employed to test unadjusted and adjusted associations between untreated dental caries/clinical consequences and OHRQoL. The prevalence of untreated dental caries was 64.6% (D/d component of DMFT/dmft > 0) and 17.9% of children exhibited clinical consequences of caries (PUFA/pufa index >0). In the adjusted models, untreated caries was significantly associated with the total CPQ8-10 score and all subscale scores. The clinical consequences of dental caries (PUFA/pufa index >0) were significantly associated with the total CPQ8-10 as well as the oral symptoms and functional limitations' subscales. Untreated dental caries and its clinical consequences exerted a negative impact on the OHRQoL of the schoolchildren analyzed.

[Root resorption after orthodontic treatment: a study of age factor and prevalence in anterior teeth].

PubMed

Tian, Yu-lou; Wang, Kun; Wang, Jing; Liu, Fang; Piao, Mei-ling

2013-04-01

To investigate the impact of age factor on root resorption and the prevalence in anterior teeth during orthodontic treatment. Sixty extraction cases treated with straight wire appliance were divided into adult group and child group, with 30 cases in each group.The panoramic radiographs pre-treatment and post-treatment were examined to measure the degrees of root resorption. A total of 360 anterior teeth in each group were evaluated. SPSS 13.0 software package was applied to perform statistical analysis. There was significant difference in root resorption index before and after treatment(P<0.01). The incidence of root resorption increased remarkably after orthodontic treatment. There was significant difference in the degree of root resorption in two groups (P<0.01). The prevalence of root resorption in anterior teeth was: upper central incisors, upper lateral incisors, lower central incisors, lower lateral incisors, upper canines and lower canines. The root resorption in adult patients are more obvious than child patients. The prevalence of root resorption in anterior teeth is different. Moderate or severe root resorption is prone to happen in upper central incisors or lateral incisors in adult patients.

Assessing oral health-related quality of life in general dental practice in Scotland: validation of the OHIP-14.

PubMed

Fernandes, Marcelo José; Ruta, Danny Adolph; Ogden, Graham Richard; Pitts, Nigel Berry; Ogston, Simon Alexander

2006-02-01

To validate the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)-14 in a sample of patients attending general dental practice. Patients with pathology-free impacted wisdom teeth were recruited from six general dental practices in Tayside, Scotland, and followed for a year to assess the development of problems related to impaction. The OHIP-14 was completed at baseline and at 1-year follow-up, and analysed using three different scoring methods: a summary score, a weighted and standardized score and the total number of problems reported. Instrument reliability was measured by assessing internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Construct validity was assessed using a number of variables. Linear regression was then used to model the relationship between OHIP-14 and all significantly correlated variables. Responsiveness was measured using the standardized response mean (SRM). Adjusted R(2)s and SRMs were calculated for each of the three scoring methods. Estimates for the differences between adjusted R(2)s and the differences between SRMs were obtained with 95% confidence intervals. A total of 278 and 169 patients completed the questionnaire at baseline and follow-up, respectively. Reliability - Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.30 to 0.75. Alpha coefficients for all 14 items were 0.88 and 0.87 for baseline and follow-up, respectively. Test-retest coefficients ranged from 0.72 to 0.78. Validity - OHIP-14 scores were significantly correlated with number of teeth, education, main activity, the use of mouthwash, frequency of seeing a dentist, the reason for the last dental appointment, smoking, alcohol intake, pain and symptoms. Adjusted R(2)s ranged from 0.123 to 0.202 and there were no statistically significant differences between those for the three different scoring methods. Responsiveness - The SRMs ranged from 0.37 to 0.56 and there was a statistically significant difference between the summary scores method and the total number of problems method for symptomatic patients. The OHIP-14 is a valid and reliable measure of oral health-related quality of life in general dental practice and is responsive to third molar clinical change. The summary score method demonstrated performance as good as, or better than, the other methods studied.

Persistent lingual ulceration (Riga-Fede disease) in an infant with Down syndrome and natal teeth: a case report.

PubMed

Senanayake, Manouri P; Karunaratne, Irantha

2014-08-22

Riga-Fede disease is a rare pediatric condition in which chronic lingual ulceration results from repetitive trauma. Neonatal teeth or underlying neuro-developmental disorders which include Down syndrome are described as causative factors, but to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of both Down syndrome and natal teeth coexisting. The need for early extraction in the presence of two risk factors is highlighted in this case report. An 18-month-old Sinhalese male presented with an ulcerating lingual mass on the ventral surface of the tongue. The lesion had progressed over the past six months. He also had clinically diagnosed Down syndrome.The ulcer was non-tender, indurated, and had elevated margins. It was not bleeding and two natal teeth in lower central dentition were seen in apposition with the lesion. There was no regional lymphadenopathy but the ulcer was causing concerns as it mimicked a malignant lesion. A clinical diagnosis of Riga-Fede disease caused by raking movements of the tongue against anterior natal teeth by a child who was developmentally delayed and prone to suck on his tongue was made. The mother was reassured and the natal teeth were extracted. Early extraction of natal teeth is recommended only if there is a risk of aspiration or interference with breast feeding. Although Down syndrome is among the neuro-developmental conditions that lead to this lesion, its occurrence is usually at an older age. The presence of natal teeth together with Down syndrome caused the lesion to occur in infancy. Awareness of the benign nature of this rare condition by pediatricians and dental practitioners is important as it will allay anxiety and avoid unnecessary biopsy. This case also highlights the impact of two risk factors and needs consideration as an added indication for the early extraction of natal teeth.

Camouflage treatment for class III malocclusion combined with traction of an impacted maxillary central incisor.

PubMed

Closs, Luciane Quadrado; Mundstock, Karina Santos; Ribeiro, Darlene Santos; Reston, Eduardo Galia; Silva, Aurelício Novaes

2010-01-01

This case report describes the treatment of a patient with an unerupted maxillary left central incisor, class III malocclusion with crossbite of the maxillary posterior teeth and lateral open bite. Treatment consisted of rapid maxillary expansion followed by anterior space opening, maxillary protraction and traction of the unerupted teeth with a light force system. Favorable results were obtained in terms of correcting incisor position and class III malocclusion. The results achieved remained stable throughout a 4-year retention period.

Long-term effects of traumatic dental injuries of primary dentition on permanent successors: A retrospective study of 596 teeth.

PubMed

Tewari, Nitesh; Mathur, Vijay Prakash; Singh, Neerja; Singh, Subash; Pandey, Ramesh Kumar

2018-04-01

Traumatic dental injuries of the primary dentition (TDI-p) have a global prevalence of approximately 11%-47%. They have immediate and long-term effects. Original research analysing the long-term sequelae of TDI-p on permanent dentition (LSP) are few in number. The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between age of TDI-p, type of TDI-p and LSP. Retrospective analysis of patient data from 2008-2017, reporting with LSP due to TDI-p, was performed. Uniform protocols and complete radiographic-photographic records were analysed. There were 638 LSP reported with 596 teeth having complete records. There were 286 children with 153 males (53.5%) and 133 females (46.5%). Mean age of TDI-p causing LSP was 36.57 ± 11.51 months, with severity increasing in the younger age group. The highest number of LSP was associated with avulsion injuries (218, 36.58%), and the odds ratio of the type of TDI-p affect the severity of LSP was 2.0163. Mean age of reporting was 8.54 ± 2.19 years and was lowest for enamel discolorations. Most LSP were not associated with any associated feature (AF), although impaction was highest among all AF (63, 10.57%). Age and type of TDI-p affect LSP, with the former being the stronger determinant of its severity. Mean age of reporting of LSP is dependent upon both type of LSP and AF. LSP due to TDI-p can further be graded in terms of severity. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Parents' perception of dental caries in intellectually disabled children.

PubMed

Weckwerth, Solange Aparecida Modesto; Weckwerth, Giovana Maria; Ferrairo, Bunna Mota; Chicrala, Gabriela Moura; Ambrosio, Alexandre Macedo Natitucci; Toyoshima, Guilherme Hideki Lima; Bastos, José Roberto Magalhães; Pinto, Edu Cassiano; Velasco, Sofia Rafaela Maito; Bastos, Roosevelt Silva

2016-11-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the parents' perception of dental caries in children with intellectual disability. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 6 to 14 years old schoolchildren: Group 1 (50 children diagnosed with intellectual disabilities) and Group 2 (50 children without it). The dental caries was assessed by the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for primary and permanent teeth. Parents' psychosocial perception was assessed by Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). Similar prevalence of caries free children was found between groups in both dentitions. In primary dentition the caries index was higher in Group 2, and the opposite occurred in permanent teeth. Group 1 presented higher impact (p < .05) in the dimension drinking, eating and pronunciation, whereas in Group 2 there was higher impact (p = .01) on pain, sleep, irritation, the smile and family finances. Findings showed significant impact of dental caries on parents' perception of the oral health related quality of life of children with intellectual disabilities. © 2016 Special Care Dentistry Association and Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The detection of periapical pathoses using digital periapical radiography and cone beam computed tomography in endodontically retreated teeth - part 2: a 1 year post-treatment follow-up.

PubMed

Davies, A; Patel, S; Foschi, F; Andiappan, M; Mitchell, P J; Mannocci, F

2016-07-01

Part 2 of this prospective clinical study aimed to compare the 1-year outcome of root canal retreatments, when individual roots and teeth were assessed by periapical radiographs and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Subjects participating in this study had been referred for management of an endodontic problem associated with one or more root filled teeth. Root canal retreatment was performed by Specialists or postgraduate students under the direct supervision of Specialist endodontic staff. A total of 98 teeth (84 patients) were reassessed clinically and radiographically 1 year after completion of root canal retreatment. The postoperative periapical radiographs and CBCT scans were compared with their respective pre-treatment (diagnostic) periapical radiographs and CBCT scans. The increase or decrease in size of existing periapical radiolucencies and development of new radiolucencies were assessed by a consensus panel consisting of two calibrated examiners. They also determined an appropriate management plan for each case based on the radiographical findings. Comparison of the outcome diagnosis of individual roots and teeth and case management, when assessed by periapical radiographs and CBCT scans, was performed using chi-squared and McNemar's tests. An overall favourable result of 93% success for teeth (96% roots) was recorded when the assessment was undertaken by periapicals compared with 77% success for teeth (87% roots) when assessed by CBCT. A significant difference in outcome diagnosis of single paired roots (P < 0.0001) and teeth (P = 0.0001) was observed when comparing periapicals to CBCT for the cohort of teeth as a whole. When comparing the future management plan on the basis of radiographic information alone, there was a significant difference between periapicals and CBCT-based management (P = 0.01). Diagnosis using CBCT revealed a significantly lower number of favourable outcomes than periapicals in root canal retreatment. This significantly affected the future management of cases attending for a review. © 2015 International Endodontic Journal. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Overdenture restoration in a growing patient with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: a clinical report.

PubMed

Pae, Ahran; Kim, Kyu; Kim, Hyeong-Seob; Kwon, Kung-Rock

2011-03-01

Ectodermal dysplasia is a hereditary disorder of ectodermal origin. A 12-year-old boy was referred for management of the oral manifestations of his ectodermal dysplasia. An overdenture retained by natural teeth for the maxilla and a double-crown-retained denture for the mandible were made. Double-crown-retained dentures may be modified into complete dentures if the abutment teeth are lost. The patient was instructed to maintain oral hygiene and return periodically for follow-up visits. This report describes a potential routine approach to restoring the appearance, function, and psyche of a growing boy with ectodermal dysplasia.

Setting up of teeth in the neutral zone and its effect on speech

PubMed Central

Al-Magaleh, Wafa’a Radwan; Swelem, Amal Ali; Shohdi, Sahar Saad; Mawsouf, Nadia Mohamed

2011-01-01

Rational goals for denture construction are basically directed at the restoration of esthetics and masticatory function and the healthy preservation of the remaining natural tissues. Little concern has been given to the perfection and optimization of the phonetic quality of denture users. However, insertion of prosthodontic restorations may lead to speech defects. Most such defects are mild but, nevertheless, can be a source of concern to the patient. For the dental practitioner, there are few guidelines for designing a prosthetic restoration with maximum phonetic success. One of these guidelines involves the setting up of teeth within the neutral zone. The aim of this study was to evaluate, subjectively and objectively, the effect on speech of setting up teeth in the neutral zone. Three groups were examined: group I (control) included 10 completely dentulous subjects, group II included 10 completely edentulous patients with conventional dentures, and group III included the same 10 edentulous patients with neutral zone dentures. Subjective assessment included patient satisfaction. Objective assessment included duration taken for recitation of Al-Fateha and acoustic analysis. Subjectively, patients were more satisfied with their neutral zone dentures. Objectively, speech produced with the neutral zone dentures was closer to normal than speech with conventional dentures. PMID:23960527

A preliminary report on histological outcome of pulpotomy with endodontic biomaterials vs calcium hydroxide

PubMed Central

Peimani, Ali; Asgary, Saeed

2013-01-01

Objectives The purpose of the study was to evaluate human dental pulp response to pulpotomy with calcium hydroxide (CH), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and calcium enriched mixture (CEM) cement. Materials and Methods A total of nine erupted third molars were randomly assigned to each pulpotomy group. The same clinician performed full pulpotomies and coronal restorations. The patients were followed clinically for six months; the teeth were then extracted and prepared for histological assessments. The samples were blindly assessed by an independent observer for pulp vitality, pulp inflammation, and calcified bridge formation. Results All patients were free of clinical signs/symptoms of pulpal/periradicular diseases during the follow up period. In CH group, one tooth had necrotic radicular pulp; other two teeth in this group had vital uninflamed pulps with complete dentinal bridge formation. In CEM cement and MTA groups all teeth had vital uninflamed radicular pulps. A complete dentinal bridge was formed beneath CEM cement and MTA in all roots. Odontoblast-like cells were present beneath CEM cement and MTA in all samples. Conclusions This study revealed that CEM cement and MTA were reliable endodontic biomaterials in full pulpotomy treatment. In contrast, the human dental pulp response to CH might be unpredictable. PMID:24303358

SEM investigations of the cementum surface after irradiation with a frequency-doubled Alexandrite laser

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rechmann, Peter; Hennig, Thomas

1996-04-01

During prior studies it could be demonstrated while engaging a frequency doubled Alexandrite-laser (wavelength 380 nm, pulse duration 100 ns, fluence 1 J/cm2, pulse repetition rate 110 Hz) a fast and strictly selective ablation of supra- and subgingival calculus is possible. Even the removal of unstained microbial plaque was observed. First conclusions were drawn after light microscopical investigations on undecalcified sections of irradiated teeth. In the present study the cementum surface after irradiation with a frequency doubled Alexandrite-laser was observed by means of a Scanning Electron Microscope. After irradiation sections of teeth were dried in alcohol and sputtered with gold. In comparison irradiated cementum surfaces of unerupted operatively removed wisdom teeth and tooth surfaces after the selective removal of calculus were investigated. A complete removal of calculus was observed as well as a remaining smooth surface of irradiated cementum.

[A study on the mechanical behaviors of abutment teeth with various coping designs under overdenture].

PubMed

Vang, M S; Cho, J H

1990-04-01

An overdenture is a complete denture supported by both soft tissue and a few remaining natural teeth. The purpose of this study was to analyze the stress distribution of the teeth and supporting structures when various type of coping under overdenture was applied. The analysis was conducted by using the finite element method and changing the condition such as the direction of the load, the shape of coping on the abutment: The model included overdenture copings, abutment tooth and supporting structures. The results of analysis were as follows: 1. The short dome coping showed well distribution of stress. 2. The dome shaped design produced higher stress distribution than square and inclined plane design. 3. As the height of copings on the abutment was increased, the displacements increased. 4. The magnitude and direction of the abutment displacements were influenced by the direction of load application.

Impacts of recurrent aphthous stomatitis on quality of life of 12- and 15-year-old Thai children.

PubMed

Krisdapong, Sudaduang; Sheiham, Aubrey; Tsakos, Georgios

2012-02-01

To assess the prevalence and characteristics of oral impacts attributed to recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) in 12- and 15-year-olds Thais. A national oral health survey was conducted. Child-OIDP and OIDP indices were used to collect oral impacts in 1,100 12- and 871 15 year olds. RAS-related impacts were reported in 24.7% of 12 and 36.2% of 15 year olds. Girls were more likely than boys to report RAS-related impacts. Among all perceived causes of oral impacts, RAS ranked second for 12 and first for 15 year olds. Among 12 and 15 years olds, 79.8 and 86.8% respectively had impacts on eating, 81.0 and 84.4% on cleaning teeth and 51.7 and 60.3% on emotional stability. For individual children, impacts affected between 1-6 daily performances. Impacts were of 'little' and 'moderate' intensity for 12 and 15 year olds, respectively. RAS-related impacts occurred mostly in combination with impacts from other oral conditions. Combined with other oral conditions, the impacts were worse, in terms of score, intensity and extent, than when RAS occurred alone. RAS-related impacts were common in 12- and 15-year-old Thai children and mostly affected eating, cleaning teeth and emotional stability. RAS tended to occur with other conditions leading to more severe, more extensive impacts on quality of life.

Histological evaluation of direct pulp capping with all-in-one adhesives in rat teeth.

PubMed

Shinkai, Koichi; Taira, Yoshihisa; Kawashima, Satoki; Suzuki, Shiro; Suzuki, Masaya

2017-05-31

The aim of this study was to histologically evaluate direct pulp capping using different all-in-one adhesives in rat teeth. Five all-in-one adhesives and a control material (MTA) were used. Each material was applied on the exposed pulp, and each cavity was subsequently restored with the resin composite. Rats were sacrificed 14 days after the surgical procedure. Serial stained sections were histologically evaluated for examining pulp tissue disorganization (PTD), inflammatory cell infiltration (ICI), dentin bridge formation (DBF), and bacterial penetration (BP). We found that rat pulps, which were direct capped with all-in-one adhesives, showed various degrees of PTD, ICI, and DBF depending on the material, and that there were no complete dentin bridges. In contrast, rat pulps capped with MTA showed no PTD and ICI, and there were complete dentin bridges in all, but one specimen. No BP was observed in any specimen.

Mineral-related proteins of sea urchin teeth: Lytechinus variegatus.

PubMed

Veis, Arthur; Barss, Joseph; Dahl, Thomas; Rahima, Mohammed; Stock, Stuart

2002-12-01

Sea urchins have a set of five continuously growing teeth, each of which has a very complex structure. The mineral phase is calcite of varying Mg content, depending on the location within a tooth. The calcium carbonate is present in amorphous, plate-like and rod-like forms. It has been hypothesized that the mineral deposition is a matrix-mediated process, similar to that in vertebrate bone and tooth, wherein certain macromolecules within the organic matrix of the mineralized tissue play an important role in nucleating and controlling the growth habit of the mineral crystals. It has also been hypothesized that the mineral-related macromolecules involved in urchin teeth might bear a direct evolutionary relationship to those of the vertebrate tooth. These hypotheses are explored here by examining the pattern and nature of the mineral distribution, using microCT of intact teeth, and the nature of the mineral-related matrix proteins. The mineral-related proteins were extracted and fractionated by anion exchange chromatography. The relationship of certain fractions to vertebrate matrix proteins was established by immunoblots using antibodies to vertebrate tooth proteins. The antibodies were then used to localize the proteins within the teeth, by immunocytochemistry and histology with specific staining. The microCT data on mineral density has been correlated with the patterns of cellular migration and mineral deposition within the tooth as it grows. It appears that the mineralization within the different tooth compartments might take place under the influence of different matrix proteins. Further studies are in progress to more completely describe the vertebrate-invertebrate immunologically cross-reactive proteins of the urchin teeth. Copyright 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Glass Fibre-Reinforced Composite Post and Core Used in Decayed Primary Anterior Teeth: A Case Report

PubMed Central

Verma, Leena; Passi, Sidhi

2011-01-01

Aesthetic requirement of severely mutilated primary anterior teeth in the case of early childhood caries has been a challenge to pediatric dentist. Among restorative treatment options, prefabricated crown and biological and resin composite restoration either by means of direct or indirect technique are mentioned in the literature. This paper presents the clinical sequence of rehabilitation of maxillary anterior primary teeth. Endodontic treatment was followed by the placement of a glass fibre-reinforced composite resin post. The crown reconstruction was done with composite restoration. Resin glass fibre post has best properties in elasticity, translucency, adaptability, tenaciousness, and resistance to traction and to impact. Along with ease of application, fiber can be used as an alternative to traditionally used materials in the management of early childhood caries. PMID:22567447

Oral health status and dental needs of autistic children and young adults.

PubMed

Jaber, Mohamed A; Sayyab, Mohamed; Abu Fanas, Salem H

2011-02-01

  Children with autism might need more dental care than non-autistic, healthy children. The aims of this study were: (a) to describe the caries experience and treatment needs of autistic children aged 6-16 years in the United Arab Emirates; and (b) to provide baseline data at national and regional levels to enable comparisons and future planning of dental services for children with autism.   All children attending a day centre in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, for autism were selected for the study. Sixty-one autistic children aged 6-16 years (45 males and 16 females) were included in the study. Each patient received a complete oral and periodontal examination using codes and criteria as described by the World Health Organization.   The overall mean for Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth/decayed, missing, and filled teeth was 2.4. Female autistic children had significantly higher mean Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth/decayed, missing, and filled teeth scores (4.4) than males (1.63). The percentage of decayed, missing, and filled teeth increased with increasing age. The restorative index and met need index for the autistic children aged 11-15 years were 0.02 and 0.10, respectively.   Effective oral health promotion strategies need to be implemented to improve the oral health status of autistic children. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

When can oral health education begin? Relative effectiveness of three oral health education strategies starting pre-partum.

PubMed

Clifford, H; Johnson, N W; Brown, C; Battistutta, D

2012-06-01

To test the impact of oral health education provided to pregnant mothers on subsequent practices within the infant's family. A quasi-experimental intervention trial comparing the effectiveness of 'usual care' to one, or both, of two oral health education resources: a 'sample bag' of information and oral health care products; and/or a nine-minute "Healthy Teeth for Life" video on postnatal oral health issues. Women attending the midwife clinic at approximately 30 weeks gestation were recruited (n=611) in a public hospital providing free maternity services. Four months after the birth of their infant, relative to the usual care condition, each of the oral health education interventions had independent or combined positive impacts on mother's knowledge of oral health practices. However young, single, health care card-holder or unemployed mothers were less likely to apply healthy behaviours or to improve knowledge of healthy choices, as a result of these interventions. The video intervention provided the strongest and most consistent positive impact on mothers' general and infant oral health knowledge. While mothers indicated that the later stage of pregnancy was a good time to receive oral health education, many suggested that this should also be provided after birth at a time when teeth were a priority issue, such as when "baby teeth" start to erupt.

The age of permanent tooth emergence in children of different ethnic origin in the Auckland region: a cross-sectional study.

PubMed

Kanagaratnam, Sathananthan; Schluter, Philip J

2012-06-01

To report robust and contemporary estimates of permanent teeth emergence ages in children of Māori, Pasifika, Chinese, Indian and European ethnic origin in the Auckland region. A stratified, two-stage cross-sectional study. Strata were defined by school decile status. Schools defined the first-stage sampling unit, and students the second stage. Invitations and consent forms were distributed to eligible participants at school for completion at home. Participants were examined at school-based clinics or in a mobile clinic. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, AND METHODS: Children aged between 5 and 13 years enrolled within the Auckland Regional Dental Service. Schools were randomly selected and then all students within selected schools were invited to participate. Eligible participants completing a consent form had an additional tooth assessment that complemented their routine dental examination. A generalised gamma failure-time model was employed to estimate permanent tooth eruption ages. Visually based assessment of permanent tooth emergence. Overall, 3,466 children participated. Differences in median permanent tooth emergence ages were seen among ethnic groups and sexes (P < or = 0.01). Pasifika children had earlier median eruption time than sex-matched Māori children, who (in turn) were more advanced than sex-matched European children. Median eruption age occurred earlier in girls than boys for all permanent teeth. Despite known demographic, geographic and ethnic differences, estimates of permanent teeth emergence timing widely used in New Zealand are based on historical overseas populations. The presented estimates provide new standards and may be more appropriate for dental therapists and dentists when assessing permanent teeth emergence in New Zealand children.

Caregiver's education level and child's dental caries in African Americans: A path analytic study

PubMed Central

Heima, Masahiro; Lee, Wonik; Milgrom, Peter; Nelson, Suchitra

2015-01-01

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of caregiver education level on children's dental caries mediated by both caregiver and child oral health behaviors. Participants were 423 low-income African American kindergarteners and their caregivers who were part of a school-based randomized clinical trial. Path analysis tested the hypothesis that caregiver education level affected untreated dental caries and cumulative overall caries experience (decayed or filled teeth) through the mediating influence of frequency of dental visits, use of routine care, and frequency of toothbrushing for both caregiver and child. The results supported the hypothesis: Caregivers who completed high school were 1.76 times more likely to visit dentists themselves compared with those who did not complete high school (e0.56=1.76, 95%CI: 1.03-2.99), which in turn was associated with 5.78 times greater odds of dental visits among their children (e1.76=5.78, 95%CI: 3.53-9.48). Children's dental visits, subsequently, were associated with 26% fewer untreated decayed teeth compared with children without dental visits (e-0.31=0.74, 95%CI: 0.60-0.91). However, this path was not present in the model with overall caries experience. Additionally, caregiver education level was directly associated with 34% less untreated decayed teeth (e-0.42=0.66, 95% CI: 0.54-0.79) and 28% less decayed or filled teeth (e-0.32=0.72, 95%CI: 0.60-0.88) among the children. This study overcomes important conceptual and analytic limitations in the existing literature. The findings confirm the role of caregiver education in child dental caries and indicate that caregiver's behavioral factors are important mediators of child oral health. PMID:25661111

Predictors of dental rehabilitation in children aged 3-12 years.

PubMed

Gopinath, Vellore Kannan; Awad, Manal A

2015-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the proportion of completed treatments and to study the factors affecting the full mouth dental rehabilitation in pediatric patients treated by undergraduate students at the College of Dental Medicine Teaching Clinics, University of Sharjah. A retrospective study was conducted on 270 children aged less than 12 years (mean age 7.6, SD 2.04). Comprehensive dental rehabilitation reports of child patients that were completed by final year dental undergraduate students from the year 2009 to 2011 were reviewed. Data on complete history, oral examination, dental charting, and treatment plan were collected from pediatric dentistry case sheet. Dental caries was charted using WHO 1997 criteria. Dental treatment needs and completion of dental care delivered to children involved in this study were assessed using DMFT/deft scores. Percentages of treatment provided included completed restorations (94%) and space management (84%) in primary dentition, whereas 98% of restoration and 94% of required sealants were completed in permanent dentition. The percentage of completed dental treatment including sealant placement was 61%. Age of the child and the number of decayed teeth present before the start of the treatment significantly correlated with the children in the incomplete treatment category (P < 0.05). Therefore, a worthy dental care was provided in a holistic approach to the children attending College of Dental Medicine training clinics. Age of the child and the number of decayed teeth were the factors affecting dental rehabilitation in children aged 3-12 years.

The Impact of the Crown-Root Ratio on Survival of Abutment Teeth for Dentures.

PubMed

Tada, S; Allen, P F; Ikebe, K; Zheng, H; Shintani, A; Maeda, Y

2015-09-01

Crown-root ratio (CRR) is commonly recorded when planning prosthodontic procedures. However, there is a lack of longitudinal clinical data evaluating the association between CRR and tooth survival. The aim of this longitudinal practice-based study was to assess the impact of CRR on the survival of abutment teeth for removable partial dentures (RPDs). Data were collected from 147 patients provided with RPDs at a dental hospital in Japan. In total, 236 clasp-retained RPDs and 856 abutment teeth were analyzed. Survival of abutment teeth was assessed using Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox's proportional hazard (PH) regression. The Cox PH regression was used to assess the prognostic significance of initial CRR value with adjustments for clinically relevant factors, including age, sex, frequency of periodontal maintenance programs, occlusal support area, type of abutment tooth, status of endodontic treatment, and probing pocket depth. Abutment teeth were divided into 1 of 5 risk groups according to CRR: A (≤0.75), B (0.76-1.00), C (1.01-1.25), D (1.26-1.50) and E (≥1.51). The 7-year survival rate was 89.1% for group A, 85.9% for group B, 86.5% for group C, 76.9% for group D, and 46.7% for group E. The survival curves of groups A, B, and C were illustrated to be quite similar and favorable. The multivariable analysis treating CRR as a continuous variable allowed estimation of the hazard ratio at any specific CRR value. When CRR = 0.80 was set as a reference, the estimated hazard ratio was 0.58 for CRR = 0.50 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.36-0.91), 1.13 for CRR = 1.00 (95% CI, 0.93-1.37), 1.35 for CRR = 1.25 (95% CI, 1.02-1.80), 1.53 for CRR = 1.50 (95% CI, 1.15-2.08), or 1.95 for CRR = 2.00 (95% CI, 1.44-2.65). These practice-based longitudinal data provide information to improve the evidence-based prognosis of teeth in providing prosthodontic procedures. © International & American Associations for Dental Research.

Clinical study of the safety and effectiveness of a novel over-the-counter bleaching tray system

PubMed Central

Ghalili, K Michael; Khawaled, Kamal; Rozen, Doran; Afsahi, Veda

2014-01-01

We investigated color change, gingival irritation, and tooth sensitivity in patients undergoing at-home vital tooth bleaching with a novel over-the-counter bleaching tray system. Tooth color shade in anterior teeth, supragingival plaque and gingivitis in Ramfjord teeth, as well as visual assessment of teeth gingival tissues and mucosa were evaluated in-office prior to treatment, after two consecutive applications of the 9% hydrogen peroxide bleaching product, after eight applications (10 minutes/day for 3 days at home), and after ten applications (50 minutes exposure over 5 days). Color stability was evaluated at 3 months after completing the treatment regimen. Over-the-counter bleaching products can be used by the patient at home without dentist supervision, but are frequently associated with gingival irritation and tooth sensitivity despite low concentrations of peroxide agents. Our investigations showed that the treatment is tolerable and safe with a low incidence of adverse effects. Any adverse effects associated with use of the whitening gel and tray are temporary, easily controlled, and often disappear within minutes of treatment. Statistical analysis revealed significant improvement in teeth whitening following treatment (mean color change of seven shades) and at three months after treatment. PMID:24591847

Permanent molar pulpotomy with a new endodontic cement: A case series

PubMed Central

Asgary, Saeed; Ehsani, Sara

2009-01-01

The aim of this case series was to determine the clinical and radiographic success rate of pulpotomy, with new endodontic cement (NEC), in human mature permanent molar teeth. Twelve molars with established irreversible pulpitis were selected from patients 14 – 62 years old. The selection criteria included carious pulp exposure with a positive history of lingering pain. After isolation, caries removal, and pulp exposure, pulpotomy with NEC was performed and a permanent restoration was immediately placed. At the first recall (+1 day) no patients reported postoperative pain. One wisdom tooth had been extracted after two months because of failure in coronal restoration. Eleven patients were available for the second recall, with a mean time of 15.8 months. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed that all teeth were functional and free of signs and symptoms. Histological examination of the extracted teeth revealed complete dentin bridge formation and a normal pulp. Although the results favored the use of NEC, more studies with larger samples and a longer recall period were suggested, to justify the use of this novel material for treatment of irreversible pulpitis in human permanent molar teeth. PMID:20379438

Setting times for endodontic sealers under clinical usage and in vitro conditions.

PubMed

Allan, N A; Walton, R C; Schaeffer, M A; Schaffer, A

2001-06-01

The object of this study was to determine the set of sealers under simulated clinical versus bench-top conditions. One hundred twenty extracted teeth were divided into four groups (Roth's, Tubuliseal, Sealapex, AH26). Canal preparation and lateral condensation were performed with the four sealers (30 teeth each). Teeth were placed into 100% humidity at 37 degrees C. The same mix of sealer on a glass slab was stored within the same environment. After 1 to 8 wk the teeth were fractured longitudinally to expose the gutta-percha-sealer interface. Evaluation, both clinical and in vitro, was qualitative under a microscope with a needle tip. The degree of set was categorized as: (a) unset (smearable), (b) partially set (indented easily, but not smearable), or (3) set (not easily indentable). There were inconsistencies in setting times within and between groups. In canals most of three (AH26, Sealapex, and Tubuliseal) were partially set after 1 wk; set was complete after 4 wk. Roth's was very slow; most were unset after 8 wk. Sealers on the glass slab set much more rapidly. In conclusion, under clinical conditions, sealers set slowly (particularly Roth's) and were more delayed than when tested in vitro.

Pulp revascularization of immature permanent teeth: a review of the literature and a proposal of a new clinical protocol.

PubMed

Namour, Mélanie; Theys, Stephanie

2014-01-01

Tissue engineering is a growing field. In the near future, it will probably be possible to generate a complete vital tooth from a single stem cell. Pulp revascularization is dependent on the ability of residual pulp and apical and periodontal stem cells to differentiate. These cells have the ability to generate a highly vascularized and a conjunctive rich living tissue. This one is able to colonize the available pulp space. Revascularization is a new treatment method for immature necrotic permanent teeth. Up to now, apexification procedures were applied for these teeth, using calcium dihydroxide or MTA to produce an artificial apical barrier. However, the pulp revascularization allows the stimulation of the apical development and the root maturation of immature teeth. Two pulp revascularization techniques are used in the literature, one using calcium dihydroxide and the second using a triple antibiotic paste. Based on these two different pulp revascularization protocols, which obtain the desired therapeutic success, the literature will be reviewed and analyzed according to the relevance of their choice of materials. Based on the literature, we propose a new relevant protocol and a new mixture of antibiotics.

Reasons for extraction of permanent teeth in general dental practices in Tehran, Iran.

PubMed

Jafarian, M; Etebarian, A

2013-01-01

The aim of this survey was to investigate the primary reason for extraction of permanent teeth, its correlations with age, gender and education level, as well as identify the important predictors for dental caries in general dental centers in Tehran, Iran. The study was conducted over a period of 6 months; its population consisted of 1,382 patients, aged 9-95 years, who underwent tooth extraction. There were 673 (47.8%) male and 709 (51.3%) female patients. The frequency distribution was calculated using the χ(2) test, ANOVA and t test for differences in mean number of extracted teeth and the logistic regression model to evaluate the variables associated with reasons for tooth extraction. A total of 2,620 teeth were extracted from the 1,382 patients. The highest rate (36.9%) of extraction occurred for those 41-60 years old. Males comprised 48.7% of patients but had more teeth (1,470, 55.3%) extracted than females (1,150, 43.9%). Nine hundred and thirty-six (67.7%) patients had incomplete secondary education or less. Tooth loss due to caries was 51%; periodontal disease was 14.4%; supernumerary and tooth impaction 13.9%. There was a significant association between patient characteristics (age, gender and education level) and number of teeth extracted. Dental caries and periodontal disease were the main reasons for tooth extraction in Tehran, Iran. Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Tooth extraction

MedlinePlus

... MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 10. Hupp JR. Principles of management of impacted teeth. In: Hupp JR, ... member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www. ...

Promoting positive health behaviours--'tooth worm' phenomenon and its implications.

PubMed

Gao, X L; Hsu, C Y S; Xu, Y C; Loh, T; Koh, D; Hwarng, H B

2012-03-01

'Tooth worm' is a traditional belief about the pathogen of dental caries (tooth decay). Nevertheless, in our previous study, parental 'tooth worm' belief was linked to a reduced caries risk of their children. This study aimed to further characterize the impact of parental 'tooth worm' belief on their children's caries experience and its psychobehavioural mechanisms. analytic observational study. Thirteen randomly selected kindergartens in Singapore. 1,782 preschoolers aged 3-6 years. Each child received an oral examination and microbiological tests. Parents completed a self-administered questionnaire on their socio-demographic background, oral health knowledge/attitude and child's oral health habits. Multivariate analysis confirmed a reduced chance of 'high caries rate' (number of affected teeth > 2) among children whose parents held the 'tooth worm' belief (Odds Ratio = 0.41; 95% Confidence Interval = 0.19-0.89). With such perception among parents, children brushed their teeth more frequently (p = 0.042). Since no difference in oral hygiene was observed, the health benefit of the "tooth worm" perception may be acquired through the delivery of fluoride (an agent with proven anti-caries effect) during frequent toothbrushing episodes. This study revealed a 'tooth worm' phenomenon, indicating that parental 'tooth worm' belief is associated with early establishment of regular toothbrushing habit and reduction of dental caries in children. This phenomenon and its psychobehavioural mechanisms, enriching our understanding of oral health behaviours, have implications for effective health education.

Health promoting schools and children’s oral health related quality of life

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background The study objective was to compare children’s oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) in schools with 6 years of implementation of a health promoting school model in Malaysia, i.e. the Doktor Muda Programme (DMP) and in schools without the DMP. Methods This report was part of a larger study to evaluate the DMP impact on schoolchildren’s oral health knowledge, attitudes, behaviour, caries progression and OHRQoL. It was conducted in Negri Sembilan state. The sample comprised 3455, Year 6 (11–12 year old) children; 1282 from DMP (intervention) and 2173 from non-DMP (control) schools. The Malay Child-OIDP index was used to evaluate children’s levels of oral impacts on 8 daily performances after 6 years of DMP implementation (2006–2011). Prevalence, score, impact intensity, causes and extent of impacts were compared. Chi-square and Mann–Whitney tests were used in the data analysis. Results Overall response rate was 95.1%. Prevalence of overall impacts was 57.8% and 60.8% (mean total impact score was 7.10 and 7.77) in the intervention and control group, respectively. The three most frequently affected performances in both groups were eating, cleaning teeth and emotional stability. Significantly less DMP children had oral impact on cleaning teeth (p = 0.034). The majority of children with impacts in both groups reported ‘very little’ to ‘moderate’ levels of impact intensity. Significantly more DMP children reported having ‘very little’ and ‘little’ levels of impact intensity on cleaning teeth (p = 0.037) and emotional stability (p = 0.020), respectively. Significantly less DMP children reported having ‘very severe’ level of impact intensity on speaking (p = 0.038). The most prevalent cause of impacts in both groups was toothache. Significantly less DMP children reported bleeding gums (p = 0.016) and presence of plaque/calculus as causes of impacts (p = 0.032). About 75% of children with impacts in both groups reported having up to four daily performances affected. Conclusion This study showed that the health promoting school model, i.e. the Doktor Muda Programme for primary schools in Malaysia had some positive impacts on 11–12 year old children’s oral health related quality of life. PMID:24325653

Impact of oral health behaviours and oral habits on the number of remaining teeth in older Taiwanese dentate adults.

PubMed

Hsu, Kun-Jung; Yen, Yea-Yin; Lan, Shou-Jen; Wu, Yi-Min; Lee, Huey-Er

2013-01-01

To evaluate the impact of oral health behaviours and oral habits on the number of remaining teeth in older Taiwanese dentate adults. Subjects comprised dentate patients (mean age, 60.0 ± 9.9 years) in Taiwan. Information on demographic data, oral health behaviours, oral habits and self-perceived health status was collected via self-administered questionnaires and dentition status was assessed by oral examination. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to determine variables correlated with the low dentition group (subjects with less than 20 natural teeth or 8 functional tooth units). The analysis showed that the low dentition group was more likely to be older and to exhibit low educational levels, less frequent use of dental floss, more common smoking habits, poor self-perceived dental health and to be exbetel- nut chewers. In addition, the low dentition group was less likely to be current betel-nut chewers. These results underscore the importance of the use of dental floss and confirm the adverse effects of smoking on dental health. Hence, the dental profession should continue to encourage proper oral health behaviours and oral habits.

[Risk factors for teeth aplasia and hypoplasia in cleft lip and palate children].

PubMed

Korolenkova, M V; Starikova, N V; Ageeva, L V

2016-01-01

The aim of the study was to assess the significance of environmental risk factors for teeth aplasia and hypoplasia in cleft lip and palate children. Two hundred and forty-seven cleft lip and palate (CLP) children were enrolled in the study including 105 (42.5%) with bilateral CLP and 57.5% with unilateral CLP. The mean age was 11.2±4.9 years. Teeth condition was assessed clinically and radiologically. The impact of risk factors for teeth anomalies was analyzed by retrospective data obtained from computer database (absence of preoperative orthopedic treatment, palatal defects after primary palatoplasty and type of primary procedures). Surgical trauma by early periosteoplasty (at the age of 3-4 months), excessive scarring and tissue traction due to absence of early orthopedic treatment and palatal defect were associated with significantly higher incidence of incisors hypoplasia (both developmental enamel defects and microdentia) and aplasia of central incisors not seen in the other study subgroups. Incisors aplasia and hypoplasia in CLP patients do not always have disembryogenic origin but may depend on external environmental factors, including surgical trauma.

[Relations between extraction of wisdom teeth and temporomandibular disorders: a case/control study].

PubMed

Duval, Florian; Leroux, Agathe; Bertaud, Valérie; Meary, Fleur; Le Padellec, Clément; Refuveille, Laura; Lemaire, Arnaud; Sorel, Olivier; Chauvel-Lebret, Dominique

2015-09-01

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of extraction of third molars on the occurrence of temporo-mandibular disorders (TMD). A review of the literature and a case-control study have been conducted. The case-control study compares the frequency of extraction of third molars between the sample with TMD (case) and the sample without TMD (control). The proportion of patients who had undergone extractions of wisdom teeth was higher in the case group than in the control group. The difference was statistically significant when patients had undergone extraction of all four wisdom teeth or when the extraction of four wisdom teeth underwent in one sitting or under general anesthesia. The study of patients in case sample shows that all signs of TMD were more common in patients who had undergone extractions in several sessions and under local anesthesia. The temporomandibular joint sounds are significantly more frequent with local anesthesia. In the case group, 85 to 92% of patients have parafunctions and 5 to 11% have malocclusion. This demonstrates the multifactorial etiology of temporomandibular disorders. © EDP Sciences, SFODF, 2015.

Miscellaneous Burial Recovery in Eastern Washington, 1981.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-01

jaws. Specifically, an abscess associated with the maxillary left first premolar was present. The maxillary alveolar structures also exhibited...completely resorbed — evidence of periodontal disease. The general condition of the teeth and the periodontal bone suggests an old individual who

Prospective clinical study comparing intraligamentary anesthesia and inferior alveolar nerve block for extraction of posterior mandibular teeth.

PubMed

Kämmerer, P W; Adubae, A; Buttchereit, I; Thiem, D G E; Daubländer, M; Frerich, B

2018-04-01

The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of intraligamentary anesthesia (ILA) with conventional inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) for extraction of mandibular posterior teeth. In a prospective clinical trial, a total of 301 mandibular posterior teeth were extracted in 266 patients. Randomization was conducted into those who received ILA (patients n = 98; teeth n = 105) and those who received IANB (patient n = 140; teeth n = 140). Twenty-eight patients were subjected to bilateral mandibular dental extractions and received both ILA und IANB (teeth n = 56 (ILA n = 28; IANB n = 28)). The primary objective was to evaluate the differences in pain during injection, in pain during tooth extraction (numeric rating scale (NRS)), and in anesthetic quality (complete/sufficient vs. insufficient/no effect). Differences in latency time, amount of anesthetic solution, need for second injection, and duration of local numbness as well as in the incidence of dry socket were assessed. ILA had significant lower pain of injection (p < 0.001), shorter latency time (p < 0.001), and shorter duration of local numbness (p < 0.001) and required lesser amount of local anesthetic solution (p < 0.001) together with a similar anesthetic quality (p = 0.082) compared to IANB. Concerning pain during extraction (p = 0.211), frequency of second injection (p = 0.197), and incidence of dry socket (p = 0.178), no significant differences were detected. ILA fulfills the requirements of a minimal invasive and patient-friendly local anesthetic technique. In accordance, it represents a safe and reliable alternative to IANB for extraction of mandibular posterior teeth. ILA can be recommended for routine dental extractions.

Nightguard vital bleaching: side effects and patient satisfaction 10 to 17 years post-treatment.

PubMed

Boushell, Lee W; Ritter, André V; Garland, Glenn E; Tiwana, Karen K; Smith, Lynn R; Broome, Angela; Leonard, Ralph H

2012-06-01

  The long-term patient satisfaction and safety of nightguard vital bleaching (NGVB) requires further evaluation.   The purpose of this study was to evaluate patients' satisfaction and identify side effects of NGVB up to 17 years post-treatment.   Thirty-one participants who had completed previous NGVB studies using 10% carbamide peroxide were contacted at least 10 years post-treatment (range 10-17 years, average 12.3 years). Participants reported shade satisfaction (very satisfied [VS], partially satisfied [PS], or not satisfied [NS]) as well as potential complications. Participants had teeth # 6 to 11 examined for tooth vitality, gingival inflammation (Löe's Gingival Index [GI]), and radiographically for external cervical resorption (ECR).   All of the participants had successful lightening of their teeth. Sixty-one percent (19) had not retreated their teeth. Of those who had not retreated their teeth and who responded to the question of whitening satisfaction, 31% (4/13) were VS, 54% (7/13) were PS, and 15% (2/13) were NS with their current shade. Of those who had retreated their teeth, all were VS or PS. Ninety-one percent of the examined teeth had GI = 0 (normal), 7% had GI = 1 (mild inflammation), and 2% had GI = 2 (moderate inflammation). Sixty-nine percent of teeth tested responded to a cold stimulus. Radiographs did not detect ECR or apical lesions. No participant reported having a gingival biopsy post-treatment, and 87% would whiten again.   Patient satisfaction with NGVB may last as long as 12.3 years in average (range 10-17 years) post-treatment. GI and ECR findings were considered within the normal expectations for the sample studied, suggesting minimal clinical post-NGVB side effects up to 17 years. Nightguard vital bleaching provides patient satisfaction with minimal side effects up to 17 years post-treatment. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Evaluation of fracture resistance in simulated immature teeth using Resilon and Ribbond as root reinforcements--an in vitro study.

PubMed

Hemalatha, Hiremath; Sandeep, Metgud; Kulkarni, Sadanand; Yakub, Shoeb Sheikh

2009-08-01

To compare the reinforcement and strengthening ability of resilon, gutta-percha, and ribbond in endodontically treated roots of immature teeth. Sixty five freshly extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were prepared with a Peeso no. 6 to simulate immature teeth (Cvek's stage 3 root development). After instrumentation, each root was irrigated with sodium hypochlorite and with ethylene diamino tetra acetic acid to remove the smear layer. To simulate single visit apexification technique a 4-5 mm white Pro Root mineral trioxide aggregate plug was placed apically using schilder carrier. The teeth were divided into three experimental groups and one control group. Group I--control group (root canals instrumented but not filled); Group II--backfilled with thermoplastisized gutta-percha using AH plus sealer; Group III--reinforced with Resilon using epiphany sealer; Group IV--reinforced with Ribbond fibers using Panavia F luting cement. A Universal Testing Machine was used to apply a load, at the level of the lingual cementoenamel junction with a chisel-shaped tip The peak load to fracture was recorded and statistical analysis was completed using student's t-test. Values of peak load to fracture were 1320.8, 1604.88, 1620, and 1851 newtons for Group I to Group IV respectively. The results of student's t-test, revealed no significant difference (P > 0.05,) between Group II and Group III. Comparison between Group IV and Group III and between Group IV and Group II revealed highly significant difference (P > 0.001). Teeth reinforced with Ribbond fibers using Panavia F luting cement showed the highest resistance to fracture. Resilon could not strengthen the roots and showed no statistically significant difference when compared with thermoplastisized gutta-percha in reinforcing immature tooth when tested with universal testing machine in an experimental model of immature tooth.

Microscopic study of dental hard tissues in primary teeth with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type II: Correlation of 3D imaging using X-ray microtomography and polarising microscopy.

PubMed

Davis, Graham R; Fearne, Janice M; Sabel, Nina; Norén, Jörgen G

2015-07-01

The aim of this study was to examine the histological appearance of dental hard tissues in primary teeth from children with DI using conventional polarised light microscopy and correlate that with 3D imaging using X-ray microtomograpy (XMT) to gain a further understanding of the dentine structure of teeth diagnosed with dentinogenesis imperfecta. Undecalcified sections of primary teeth from patients diagnosed with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type II were examined using polarised light microscopy. XMT was employed for 3D-imaging and analysis of the dentine. The polarised light microscopy and XMT revealed tubular structures in the dentine seen as vacuoles coinciding with the path of normal dentinal tubules but not continuous tubules. The size of the tubules was close to that of capillaries. The largest tubular structures had a direction corresponding to where the pulp tissue would have been located during primary dentine formation. The dysfunctional mineralisation of the dentine and obliteration of the pulp evidently leaves blood vessels in the dentine which have in the main been tied off and, in the undecalcified sections, appear as vacuoles. Although from radiographs, the pulp in teeth affected by Dentinogenesis Imperfect type II appears to be completely obliterated, a network of interconnected vessels may remain. The presence of large dentinal tubules and blood vessels, or the remnants of blood vessels, could provide a pathway for bacteria from the oral cavity. This might account for why some of these teeth develop periapical abscesses in spite of apparently having no pulp. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Dental caries status of students from migrant primary schools in Shanghai Pudong New Area.

PubMed

Liu, Cheng-Jun; Zhou, Wei; Feng, Xue-Shan

2016-03-05

In China, there is a large migrant population. A significant proportion of children of the migrant population in China are not able to attend public schools due to the lack of local household registration (HuKou). They turn to privately-operated migrant schools, which are usually under-funded, have bad environmental facilities and are inadequately staffed compared to public schools. This study aims to describe the dental caries status of students from migrant primary schools in Shanghai Pudong New Area and factors that influence their caries status. Children (7-12 years old) from migrant primary schools in Shanghai Pudong New Area were randomly selected through a multi-stage cluster sampling method. Following the recommendation of the World Health Organization, caries experiences were recorded using the dmft index. A questionnaire to survey the children's socio-demographic characteristics and oral health-related behaviours was completed by the children's parents or guardians. A total of 1385 children in migrant primary schools were invited, of which 1323 joined the survey (95.5 %). Among all the surveyed subjects, the prevalence rate of dental caries was 74.7 % (65.7 % for primary teeth and 28.1 % for permanent teeth). The mean (SD) dmft scores were 3.17 (3.12), 2.74 (3.02) for the primary teeth and 0.44 (0.84) for the permanent teeth, and 99.5 % of the carious teeth received no treatment. Students from migrant primary schools in Shanghai Pudong New Area had bad conditions of dental caries and most of the carious teeth were left untreated. The caries experience was associated with tooth brushing habits, snacking habits, dental visit and gender.

Telescopic Overdenture: A Case Report

PubMed Central

Shruthi, C. S.; Poojya, R.; Ram, Swati; Anupama

2017-01-01

Patient: This report describes the case of a 68 year old female patient who presented with the chief complaint of difficulty in chewing and poor aesthetics due to missing teeth. The patient was interested in saving the remaining natural teeth and desired minimal tissue coverage from the prosthesis. After consideration of all the factors involved, it was deemed advisable to resort to a palate free maxillary telescopic complete denture and a mandibular removable partial denture. Discussion: Considering the age of the patient and the cost involved, implant supported prosthesis was ruled out as a treatment option for the patient. A telescopic denture was chosen as a favourable treatment option since it overcomes many of the problems posed by conventional complete dentures like progressive bone loss, lower stability and retention, loss of periodontal proprioception and low masticatory efficiency. It also provides minimal tissue coverage and better distribution of forces. Evaluation of occlusion, esthetics, phonetics and comfort after 24 hours, 1 week and 1 month of treatment showed that the patient was happy with the prosthesis and was able to speak and chew well. Conclusion: Telescopic overdentures have better retention and stability as compared to conventional complete dentures. They improve the chewing efficiency, patient comfort and also decrease the alveolar bone resorption. As such they are an excellent alternative to conventional complete denture treatment. PMID:28533736

Telescopic Overdenture: A Case Report.

PubMed

Shruthi, C S; Poojya, R; Ram, Swati; Anupama

2017-03-01

This report describes the case of a 68 year old female patient who presented with the chief complaint of difficulty in chewing and poor aesthetics due to missing teeth. The patient was interested in saving the remaining natural teeth and desired minimal tissue coverage from the prosthesis. After consideration of all the factors involved, it was deemed advisable to resort to a palate free maxillary telescopic complete denture and a mandibular removable partial denture. Considering the age of the patient and the cost involved, implant supported prosthesis was ruled out as a treatment option for the patient. A telescopic denture was chosen as a favourable treatment option since it overcomes many of the problems posed by conventional complete dentures like progressive bone loss, lower stability and retention, loss of periodontal proprioception and low masticatory efficiency. It also provides minimal tissue coverage and better distribution of forces. Evaluation of occlusion, esthetics, phonetics and comfort after 24 hours, 1 week and 1 month of treatment showed that the patient was happy with the prosthesis and was able to speak and chew well. Telescopic overdentures have better retention and stability as compared to conventional complete dentures. They improve the chewing efficiency, patient comfort and also decrease the alveolar bone resorption. As such they are an excellent alternative to conventional complete denture treatment.

3-dimensional orthodontics visualization system with dental study models and orthopantomograms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Hua; Ong, S. H.; Foong, K. W. C.; Dhar, T.

2005-04-01

The aim of this study is to develop a system that provides 3-dimensional visualization of orthodontic treatments. Dental plaster models and corresponding orthopantomogram (dental panoramic tomogram) are first digitized and fed into the system. A semi-auto segmentation technique is applied to the plaster models to detect the dental arches, tooth interstices and gum margins, which are used to extract individual crown models. 3-dimensional representation of roots, generated by deforming generic tooth models with orthopantomogram using radial basis functions, is attached to corresponding crowns to enable visualization of complete teeth. An optional algorithm to close the gaps between deformed roots and actual crowns by using multi-quadratic radial basis functions is also presented, which is capable of generating smooth mesh representation of complete 3-dimensional teeth. User interface is carefully designed to achieve a flexible system with as much user friendliness as possible. Manual calibration and correction is possible throughout the data processing steps to compensate occasional misbehaviors of automatic procedures. By allowing the users to move and re-arrange individual teeth (with their roots) on a full dentition, this orthodontic visualization system provides an easy and accurate way of simulation and planning of orthodontic treatment. Its capability of presenting 3-dimensional root information with only study models and orthopantomogram is especially useful for patients who do not undergo CT scanning, which is not a routine procedure in most orthodontic cases.

[Incidence of combination syndrome based on the orthopantomograms made between 2009 és 2014 at the Department of Prosthodontics, University of Pécs, Hungary].

PubMed

Markovics, Dóra; Szendi, Róbert; Vicko, Kristina; Rajnics, Zsolt; Marada, Gyula; Radnai, Márta

2016-03-01

The treatment of patients having a completely edentulous maxillary arch and lower anterior teeth present is frequent in the dental practice. In these cases some specific changes can be detected in the oral cavity and on orthopantomograms. These signs were summarized and described first by Kelly (1972). Aim of the study was to examine the presence of the specific signs of the combination syndrome among the patients between 2009 and 2014. With the help of the electronic patient registry system used by the University of Pécs, 319 patients were filtered who were diagnosed with anodontia code (K0000 International Classification of Diseases (ICD)) in the examined period. 220 patients' orthopantomograms were evaluated searching for specific symptoms of the combination syndrome. 34 patients had complete edentulous maxilla and anterior teeth in the mandible. 4 patients (11.7%) showed the main sign of the combination syndrome, i.e. the maxillary anterior bone loss. Hypertrophy of maxillary tuberosity (9 cases, 26.4%), extrusion of the lower anterior teeth (6 cases, 17.6%) and great resorption of the distal mandibular ridge (16 cases, 47%) was diagnosed on the X-rays. The clinical examination of three patients supported the radiological findings. The combination syndrome was detectable, but the incidence rate was lower in this population in comparison with the data available in dental scientific publications.

Evaluation of developmental dental anomalies in digital panoramic radiographs in Southeast Iranian Population.

PubMed

Saberi, Eshagh Ali; Ebrahimipour, Sediqe

2016-01-01

The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental developmental anomalies in digital panoramic radiographs of the patients referred to the Zahedan medical imaging center and to evaluate the frequency of anomalies regarding the disorders in shape, position and number in the Southeast of Iran. A total of 1172 panoramic radiographs from 581 males and 586 females aged over 16 years were obtained from the files of the Zahedan medical imaging center between the years of 2014 and 2015. The selected radiographs were evaluated in terms of the anomalies such as dilacerations, taurodontism, supernumerary teeth, congenitally missing teeth, fusion, gemination, tooth impaction, tooth transposition, dens invagination, and peg lateral. Then, the anomalies were compared to each other regarding the frequency of the anomaly type (morphological, positional and numerical). Data were evaluated using descriptive statistics such as frequency and percent, and statistical tests such as X(2) at 0.05 significant level using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16.5. The prevalence of dental anomaly was 213 (18.17%), which was higher in females (9.90) than male, (8.28), however, this difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The prevalence of dilacerated teeth was 62 (5.29%), taurodontism 63 (5.38%), supernumerary teeth 6 (0.51%), congenitally missing teeth 13 (1.11%), fusion 1 (0.09%), gemination 1 (0.09%), impaction 40 (3.41%), transposition 2 (0.18%), dens invagination 16 (1.37) and peg lateral was 9 (0.77%). The prevalence of morphological anomaly was 152 (71.36%), malposition 42 (19.72%) and numerous anomaly was 19 (8.92%). Dental anomalies are relatively common; although their occurrence is not symptomatic, they can lead to several clinical problems in patients. Detailed clinical and radiographic assessment and counseling during patient visits is a critical factor in assessing the patient's degree of difficulty to help the dentist for better preparedness for the treatment.

Cementum as an age determinant: A forensic view.

PubMed

Raju, Godishala Swamy Sugunakar; Keerthi, Muddana; Nandan, Surapaneni Rateesh Kumar; Rao, Thokala Madhusudan; Kulkarni, Pavan G; Reddy, Dorankula Shyam Prasad

2016-01-01

Forensic age estimation (FAE) defines an expertise in forensic medicine, which aims to define in the most accurate way to determine the unknown chronological age of the person involved in judicial or legal proceedings. Dental cementum is a vital tissue which demonstrates continuous apposition throughout the life of the tooth. This appositional changes of cementum helps in approximation of age inforensic investigations. To correlate age by measuring the overlap or coronal migration of thecementum at thecementoenamel junction (CEJ) and the thickness of the cementum at the apical third of the root. A hundred freshly extracted teethfrom patients ranging from ages 17-55were longitudinal buccolingually ground sectioned using a mounted lathe wheel and Arkansas stone. 100 freshly extracted teeth of age group ranging from 17-55 years were taken. These teeth were longitudinally ground sectioned to a thickness of 8-10μm using a mounted lathe wheel and Arkansas stone. Afterwards the teeth were examined under a light microscope using a micrometer eyepiece for measuring the overlap or coronal migration of the cementum at the CEJ and the thickness of the cementum at the apical one-third of root. Measurements of the overlap or the coronal migration of the cementum at the CEJ and the thickness of the cementum at the apical one-third of the root are correlated with age. Results of the study indicated that the cementum at the CEJ migrated coronally during theaging process in case of the impacted teeth. There is also a significant increase in the thickness of the cementum at the apical onethird of rootin the case of both the impacted and erupted teeth. Approximation of age by measuring overlap or coronal migration of the cementum at the CEJ and the thickness of the cementum at the apical one-third of the rootsets new alleys in FAE.

The success rate of bupivacaine and lidocaine as anesthetic agents in inferior alveolar nerve block in teeth with irreversible pulpitis without spontaneous pain.

PubMed

Parirokh, Masoud; Yosefi, Mohammad Hosein; Nakhaee, Nouzar; Abbott, Paul V; Manochehrifar, Hamed

2015-05-01

Achieving adequate anesthesia with inferior alveolar nerve blocks (IANB) is of great importance during dental procedures. The aim of the present study was to assess the success rate of two anesthetic agents (bupivacaine and lidocaine) for IANB when treating teeth with irreversible pulpitis. Sixty volunteer male and female patients who required root canal treatment of a mandibular molar due to caries participated in the present study. The inclusion criteria included prolonged pain to thermal stimulus but no spontaneous pain. The patients were randomly allocated to receive either 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine or 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine as an IANB injection. The sensitivity of the teeth to a cold test as well as the amount of pain during access cavity preparation and root canal instrumentation were recorded. Results were statistically analyzed with the Chi-Square and Fischer's exact tests. At the final step, fifty-nine patients were included in the study. The success rate for bupivacaine and lidocaine groups were 20.0% and 24.1%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups at any stage of the treatment procedure. There was no difference in success rates of anesthesia when bupivacaine and lidocaine were used for IANB injections to treat mandibular molar teeth with irreversible pulpitis. Neither agent was able to completely anesthetize the teeth effectively. Therefore, practitioners should be prepared to administer supplemental anesthesia to overcome pain during root canal treatment.

Application of laser speckle displacement analysis to clinical dentistry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cumberpatch, G. K. D.; Hood, J. A. A.

1997-03-01

Success of dental restorations is dependent on the integrity of the tooth/restoration interface. Distortion of teeth due to operative procedures has previously been measured using LVDT's and strain-gauges and has provided useful but limited information. This paper reports on the verification of a system for laser speckle photography and its use to quantitative distortions in teeth from matrix band application and the use of bonded composite resin restorations. Tightening of matrix bands around teeth results in an inward deformation of the cusps, increasing incrementally as the band is tightened. Deflections of 50 micrometer/cusp were recorded. A delayed recovery was noted consistent with the viscoelastic behavior of dentine. For bonded restorations recovery will place the adhesion interface in a state of tension when the band is released and may cause premature failure. Premolar teeth restored with bonded resin restorations exhibited inward displacement of cusps of 12 - 15 micrometer. Deformation was not within the buccal-lingual axis as suggested by prior studies. Molar teeth bonded with composite resin restoration exhibit complex and variable cusp displacement in both magnitude (0 - 30 micrometer) and direction. Complete and partial debonding could be detected. Interproximal cusp bending could be quantitated and lifting of the restoration from the cavity floor was detectable. Deformations evidenced indicate the tooth/restoration interface is in a stressed state and this may subsequently lead to failure. The technique has the potential to aid in development of restoration techniques that minimize residual stress.

Prevalence of dental anomalies in a population of cleft lip and palate patients.

PubMed

Al Jamal, Ghaida A; Hazza'a, Abdalla M; Rawashdeh, Ma'amon A

2010-07-01

The aim of our study was to investigate radiographically the prevalence of dental anomalies in a group of Jordanian cleft lip and/or palate subjects. This is a retrospective review of panoramic radiographs of 78 subjects with cleft lip and/or palate that were evaluated from their file records and investigated for possible dental anomalies. Dental anomalies were found frequently in cleft lip and/or palate subjects. Missing teeth were found in 66.7% of the patients; the tooth most commonly missing was the maxillary lateral incisor. Supernumerary teeth were found in 16.7% of patients; 37% had microdontia; 70.5% had taurodontism; 30.8% had transposition and/or ectopic teeth; 19.2% had dilacerations; and 30.8% had hypoplastic teeth. There was no statistically significant difference in the above anomalies' prevalence between males and females. However, it was found that subjects with bilateral cleft lip and/or palate had significantly more microdontia (p = .005), dilaceration (p = .002), and hypoplastic teeth (p = .0001) than subjects with unilateral cleft lip and/or palate. The prevalence of dental anomalies in cleft lip and/or palate patients was higher than what had been reported in the normal Jordanian population. This emphasizes the relation of cleft lip and/or palate to all dental anomalies studied. Although our study represents a thorough and complete description of dental anomalies present in a sample of cleft lip and/or palate subjects, larger samples are required to effectively determine the relationship of each dental anomaly with cleft type.

Comparative evaluation of platelet-rich fibrin and mineral trioxide aggregate as pulpotomy agents in permanent teeth with incomplete root development: a randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Keswani, Deepa; Pandey, Ramesh K; Ansari, Afroz; Gupta, Shalini

2014-05-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare, clinically and radiographically, the effects of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as pulpotomy agents in permanent teeth with incomplete root development. A total number of 70 children requiring pulpotomy in 70 permanent molars with incomplete root development were screened. Sixty-two patients met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. The patients were randomly allocated equally in 2 treatment groups. MTA pulpotomy was performed in group A (the control group), and PRF pulpotomy was performed in group B (the experimental group). The treated teeth were restored with amalgam followed by stainless steel crowns. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed after 6, 12, and 24 months. Thus, the data obtained were blindly analyzed using the chi-square test. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of clinical and radiologic success. Radiographically, all available cases (53 teeth) showed evidence of root growth and canal narrowing. Complete apical closure was observed in 88.8% in the PRF group (experimental group) and 80.07% of roots in the MTA group (control group), respectively, at 24 months. PRF could be used as a suitable biological and economic alternative to MTA in pulpotomy procedures of permanent teeth with incomplete root development. Copyright © 2014 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies: a comparison between maxillary and mandibular tooth agenesis.

PubMed

Al-Abdallah, Mariam; AlHadidi, Abeer; Hammad, Mohammad; Al-Ahmad, Hazem; Saleh, Raja'

2015-11-01

The aim of this study was to compare the pattern and prevalence of associated dental anomalies between maxillary and mandibular tooth agenesis (hypodontia). A sample of 3315 dental patients, aged 8.6 to 25.4 years, was surveyed for tooth agenesis (excluding third molars): 106 subjects were diagnosed with maxillary hypodontia (group 1) and 70 with mandibular hypodontia (group 2). Both groups were examined for the following dental anomalies: retained deciduous molars, infraocclusion of deciduous molars, impaction, microdontia of maxillary lateral incisors, supernumerary teeth, transposition, transmigration, and ectopic eruption of the permanent molars. For statistical testing, the chi-square test (P <0.05) was used to compare the occurrences of these anomalies among the groups. We found that 77.5% of the patients in the mandibular hypodontia group had at least 1 dental anomaly compared with 49.5% in the maxillary hypodontia group (P <0.0001). The only dental anomaly with a significantly increased prevalence in the maxillary hypodontia group compared with the mandibular hypodontia group was microdontia of the maxillary lateral incisors (groups 1, 46.7%; group 2, 12.9%; P <0.0001). On the other hand, the prevalences of retained deciduous molars (group 1, 9.4%; group 2, 60.0%), infraoccluded deciduous molars (group 1, 0.9%; group 2, 7.1%), and impacted teeth (group 1, 22.6%; group 2, 38.6%) were significantly higher in the mandibular hypodontia group. The prevalences of supernumerary teeth, transposition, transmigration, and ectopic eruption of permanent molars were low and not significantly different between the groups. Tooth agenesis isolated to the maxilla is frequently associated with microdontia of the maxillary lateral incisors, whereas tooth agenesis isolated to the mandible is frequently associated with retained deciduous molars, infraoccluded deciduous molars, and impacted teeth. The results of this study may provide additional evidence supporting the field-specific genetic control theory for dental development in both jaws. Copyright © 2015 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Calcium-enriched mixture cement as artificial apical barrier: A case series

PubMed Central

Nosrat, Ali; Asgary, Saeed; Eghbal, Mohammad Jafar; Ghoddusi, Jamileh; Bayat-Movahed, Saeed

2011-01-01

In comparison to the conventional apexification using calcium hydroxide, artificial apical barrier technique is more valuable and less time consuming. This article describes successful use of calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement as an artificial apical barrier in open apices. In this study, 13 single-rooted teeth with necrotic pulps and open apices were treated non-surgically. After copious irrigation of the root canals with NaOCl 5.25% and gentle filing, based on need for interappointment dressing, treatments were followed by CEM cement (BioniqueDent, Tehran, Iran) apical plug insertion in the first or second appointment. All cases were then permanently restored. All subjects were followed until radiographic evidence of periradicular healing was seen (mean 14.5 months). Clinically, all cases were functional and asymptomatic and complete osseous healing was observed in all the teeth. Considering the biological properties of CEM cement, this new endodontic biomaterial might be appropriate to be used as artificial apical barrier in the open apex teeth. PMID:22144818

Flare-up rate in molars with periapical radiolucency in one-visit vs two-visit endodontic treatment.

PubMed

Akbar, Iftikhar; Iqbal, Azhar; Al-Omiri, Mahmoud K

2013-05-01

The objective of this study was to compare postobturation flare-ups following single and two-visit endodontic treatment of molar teeth with periapical radiolucency. A total of 100 patients with asymptomatic molar teeth with periapical radiolucency were selected. They were randomly allocated into two groups. Fifty patients received complete endodontic treatment in one-visit. Fifty patients received treatment by debridement and instrumentation at the first visit followed by obturation at the second visit. 10% of patients had flare-ups in the single visit group and 8% of patients had flare-ups in the two-visit group. Number of visits did not affect the success of endodontic treatment (p>0.05). Age, gender and tooth type had no effects on the occurrence of flare-ups regardless the number of visits (p>0.05). One-visit endodontic treatment was as successful as two-visit endodontic treatment as evaluated by rate of flareups in asymptomatic molar teeth with periapical radiolucency.

The sodium hypochlorite accident: experience of diplomates of the American Board of Endodontics.

PubMed

Kleier, Donald J; Averbach, Robert E; Mehdipour, Omid

2008-11-01

To better understand the etiology associated with sodium hypochlorite accidents, we surveyed diplomates of the American Board of Endodontics. Of the 314 diplomates who responded, 132 reported experiencing a sodium hypochlorite accident. Questions were asked about the age and sex of the patient as well as the tooth being treated, preoperative signs, symptoms, diagnosis, and radiographic appearance. Data were analyzed by chi-square tests. Significantly more women experienced sodium hypochlorite accidents compared with men (p < 0.0001). More maxillary teeth than mandibular teeth (p < 0.0001) and more posterior than anterior teeth (p < 0.0001) were involved. A diagnosis of pulp necrosis with radiographic findings of periradicular radiolucency were positively associated with such accidents (p < 0.0001). Most respondents reported that patient signs and symptoms completely resolved within a month. The occurrence of an accident, by itself, did not adversely affect the endodontic prognosis of the involved tooth. Anatomic variations may contribute significantly to the occurrence of a sodium hypochlorite accident.

A clinical evaluation of bleaching using whitening wraps and strips.

PubMed

Matis, Bruce A; Cochran, Michael; Wang, Ge; Franco, Miguel; Eckert, George J; Carlotti, Ronald J; Bryan, Christopher

2005-01-01

This study evaluated the degree of color change of teeth and the sensitivities of teeth and gums in an in vivo study. Ranir Whitening Wraps (WW2) and Crest Whitestrips Premium (WP2) were used twice a day and Ranir Whitening Wraps (WW1) were used once a day. Color evaluations occurred at baseline, after five and seven-day use of bleaching agent and 14 days post-bleaching. Color change was evaluated objectively and subjectively. Sensitivity evaluations were also accomplished. Seventy-six of the 78 subjects enrolled completed the study. All three products significantly lightened teeth. WW2 lightened more than WP2 and WW1 in L*, a*, b*, E and shade guide value. WP2 lightened more than WW1 in a*, b*, E and shade guide value. There was no difference in tooth sensitivity, but WW1 and WP2 caused less gingival sensitivity than WW2. The mean age of smokers was seven years younger than nonsmokers who qualified.

Organic matrix-related mineralization of sea urchin spicules, spines, test and teeth.

PubMed

Veis, Arthur

2011-06-01

The camarodont echinoderms have five distinct mineralized skeletal elements: embryonic spicules, mature test, spines, lantern stereom and teeth. The spicules are transient structural elements whereas the spines, and test plates are permanent. The teeth grow continuously. The mineral is a high magnesium calcite, but the magnesium content is different in each type of skeletal element, varying from 5 to 40 mole% Mg. The organic matrix creates the spaces and environments for crystal initiation and growth. The detailed mechanisms of crystal regulation are not known, but acidic and phosphorylated matrix proteins may be of special importance. Biochemical studies, sequencing of the complete genome, and high-throughput proteomic analysis have not yet provided insight into the mechanisms of crystallization, calcite composition, and orientation applicable to all skeletal elements. The embryonic spicules are not representative of the mature skeletal elements. The next phase of research will have to focus on the specific localization of the proteins and individual biochemistries of each system with regard to mineral content and placement.

LaURGE: Louisiana Undergraduate Recruitment and Geoscience Education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nunn, J. A.; Agnew, J.

2009-12-01

NSF and the Shell Foundation sponsor a program called Louisiana Undergraduate Recruitment and Geoscience Education (LaURGE). Goals of LaURGE are: 1) Interweave geoscience education into the existing curriculum; 2) Provide teachers with lesson plans that promote interest in geoscience, critical thinking by students, and are consistent with current knowledge in geoscience; and 3) Provide teachers with supplies that make these lessons the highlights of the course. Biology workshops were held at LSU in Baton Rouge and Centenary College in Shreveport in July 2009. 25 teachers including 5 African-Americans attended the workshops. Teachers were from public and private schools in seven different parishes. Teacher experience ranged from 3 years to 40 years. Courses impacted are Biology, Honors Biology, AP Biology, and Environmental Science. The workshops began with a field trip to Mississippi to collect fossil shark teeth and create a virtual field trip. After the field trip, teachers do a series of activities on fossil shark teeth to illustrate evolution and introduce basic concepts such as geologic time, superposition, and faunal succession. Teachers were also given a $200 budget from which to select fossils for use in their classrooms. One of our exercises explores the evolution of the megatoothed shark lineage leading to Carcharocles megalodon, the largest predatory shark in history with teeth up to 17 cm long. Megatoothed shark teeth have an excellent fossil record and show continuous transitions in morphology from the Eocene to Pliocene. We take advantage of the curiosity of sharks shared by most people, and allow teachers to explore the variations among different shark teeth and to explain the causes of those variations. Objectives are to have teachers (and their students): 1) sort fossil shark teeth into biologically reasonable species; 2) form hypotheses about evolutionary relationships; and 3) describe and interpret evolutionary trends in the fossil Megatoothed lineage. The exercise concludes with discussion of the environmental and biotic events occurring between the Eocene and Miocene epochs that may have caused evolutionary changes in the megatooth shark’s teeth. Other topics covered include radiometric age dating, biogeochemical cycles, and human impact on the carbon and sulfur cycles. Pretests and posttests were administered to assess effectiveness of the program as well as identify teacher misconceptions. This information will be used in future workshops. NSF funding will allow the biology workshops to be repeated in 2010. In addition, a new workshop for physics teachers will be introduced in 2010.

Predictors of dental rehabilitation in children aged 3–12 years

PubMed Central

Gopinath, Vellore Kannan; Awad, Manal A.

2015-01-01

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the proportion of completed treatments and to study the factors affecting the full mouth dental rehabilitation in pediatric patients treated by undergraduate students at the College of Dental Medicine Teaching Clinics, University of Sharjah. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 270 children aged less than 12 years (mean age 7.6, SD 2.04). Comprehensive dental rehabilitation reports of child patients that were completed by final year dental undergraduate students from the year 2009 to 2011 were reviewed. Data on complete history, oral examination, dental charting, and treatment plan were collected from pediatric dentistry case sheet. Dental caries was charted using WHO 1997 criteria. Dental treatment needs and completion of dental care delivered to children involved in this study were assessed using DMFT/deft scores. Results: Percentages of treatment provided included completed restorations (94%) and space management (84%) in primary dentition, whereas 98% of restoration and 94% of required sealants were completed in permanent dentition. The percentage of completed dental treatment including sealant placement was 61%. Age of the child and the number of decayed teeth present before the start of the treatment significantly correlated with the children in the incomplete treatment category (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Therefore, a worthy dental care was provided in a holistic approach to the children attending College of Dental Medicine training clinics. Age of the child and the number of decayed teeth were the factors affecting dental rehabilitation in children aged 3–12 years. PMID:26236683

The use of Pb isotopes to differentiate between contemporary and ancient sources of pollution in Greece

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Åberg, G.; Charalampides, G.; Fosse, G.; Hjelmseth, H.

Stable lead isotopes are used to illustrate the relation source-receptor and to differentiate between sources of pollution in Greece. Air filters collected in the Kozani-Ptolemais lignite mining area, West Macedonia, point to an impact from gasoline lead as well as lead from the combustion of lignite. This is supported by lead isotope data of wheat grown on reclaimed land. Lead isotope analyses of contemporary teeth from the Lavrio sulphide mining area, southeast of Greece, show the imprint of previous mining activities as well as traffic emissions. Moreover, the Lavrio teeth can be distinguished from one tooth from Athens; the Athens tooth show a stronger impact of gasoline lead. Lead data also imply that the Greek top soil is contaminated by air pollution from earlier sulphide mining and smelting since Hellenic and Roman times.

Burden of poor oral health in older age: findings from a population-based study of older British men.

PubMed

Ramsay, S E; Whincup, P H; Watt, R G; Tsakos, G; Papacosta, A O; Lennon, L T; Wannamethee, S G

2015-12-29

Evidence of the extent of poor oral health in the older UK adult population is limited. We describe the prevalence of oral health conditions, using objective clinical and subjective measures, in a population-based study of older men. Cross-sectional study. A representative sample of men aged 71-92 years in 2010-2012 from the British Regional Heart Study, initially recruited in 1978-1980 from general practices across Britain. Physical examination among 1660 men included the number of teeth, and periodontal disease in index teeth in each sextant (loss of attachment, periodontal pocket, gingival bleeding). Postal questionnaires (completed by 2147 men including all participants who were clinically examined) included self-rated oral health, oral impacts on daily life and current perception of dry mouth experience. Among 1660 men clinically examined, 338 (20%) were edentulous and a further 728 (43%) had <21 teeth. For periodontal disease, 233 (19%) had loss of attachment (>5.5 mm) affecting 1-20% of sites while 303 (24%) had >20% sites affected. The prevalence of gingival bleeding was 16%. Among 2147 men who returned postal questionnaires, 35% reported fair/poor oral health; 11% reported difficulty eating due to oral health problems. 31% reported 1-2 symptoms of dry mouth and 20% reported 3-5 symptoms of dry mouth. The prevalence of edentulism, loss of attachment, or fair/poor self-rated oral health was greater in those from manual social class. These findings highlight the high burden of poor oral health in older British men. This was reflected in both the objective clinical and subjective measures of oral health conditions. The determinants of these oral health problems in older populations merit further research to reduce the burden and consequences of poor oral health in older people. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/

Occlusal characteristics and prevalence of associated dental anomalies in the primary dentition.

PubMed

Lochib, Seema; Indushekar, K R; Saraf, Bhavna Gupta; Sheoran, Neha; Sardana, Divesh

2015-06-01

Morphological variations in primary dentition are of great concern to a pediatric dentist as it may pose clinical problems like dental caries, delayed exfoliation and also anomalies in the permanent dentition, such as impaction of successors, supernumerary teeth, permanent double teeth or aplasia of teeth. The present study was conducted to investigate the presence of dental anomalies in the primary dentition of 1000 schoolchildren in the 3-5 year-old age group in Faridabad. One-thousand schoolchildren were examined using Type III examination (WHO, 1997) for primary molar relationship, occlusal characteristics, primate spaces, physiological spaces and other anomalies of teeth, including number and morphology. The prevalence of physiological spaces in maxillary and mandibular arches was 50.9% and 46.7%, respectively, whereas primate spaces were found in 61.7% of the children in the maxillary arch and 27.9% in the mandibular arch. The prevalence of unilateral anterior and posterior cross-bite was 0.1% and 0.8%, respectively, in the present study. The prevalence of hypodontia in the primary dentition was found to be 0.4% and the prevalence of fusion and gemination in the present study was 0.5%. Double teeth (fusion and gemination) and hypodontia were the most common dental anomalies found in the primary dentition in the present study. Copyright © 2014 Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Caries, Periodontal Disease, Supernumerary Teeth and Other Dental Disorders in Swedish Wild Boar (Sus scrofa).

PubMed

Malmsten, A; Dalin, A-M; Pettersson, A

2015-07-01

Between January and December 2013, the dental and periodontal health of 99 Swedish wild boars (Sus scrofa) was investigated. Sampling occurred in conjunction with routine hunting at six large estates in the southern and middle parts of Sweden. All six of the estates use supplemental feeding. The weight of the animals, their sex and their dates of death were noted. Age was estimated using tooth eruption and tooth replacement patterns. The oral cavity was inspected and abnormalities were recorded on a dental chart modified for wild boars. The findings included supernumerary teeth, absence of teeth, mild class II malocclusion, severe tooth wear, periodontitis, calculus, caries, tooth fractures and the presence of enamel defects. Swedish wild boars suffer from different dental lesions and the impact of supplemental feeding on dental and periodontal health is still to be investigated. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Dental anomalies in an orthodontic patient population with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis.

PubMed

Citak, Mehmet; Cakici, Elif Bahar; Benkli, Yasin Atakan; Cakici, Fatih; Bektas, Bircan; Buyuk, Suleyman Kutalmış

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies in a subpopulation of orthodontic patients with agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors (MLI). The material of the present study included the records of the 1964 orthodontic patients. Panoramic radiographs and dental casts were used to analyze other associated eight dental anomalies, including agenesis of other teeth, dens invaginatus, dens evaginatus, peg shaped MLI, taurodontism, pulp stone, root dilaceration and maxillary canine impaction. Out of the 1964 patients examined, 90 were found to have agenesis of MLI, representing a prevalence of 4.6%. The most commonly found associated-anomalies were agenesis of other teeth (23.3%), peg-shaped MLIs (15.6%), taurodontism (42.2%), and dilacerated teeth (18.9%). Permanent tooth agenesis, taurodontism, peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisor, and root dilacerations are frequently associated with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis.

Properties of the "Orgamax" osteoplastic material made of a demineralized allograft bone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Podorognaya, V. T.; Kirilova, I. A.; Sharkeev, Yu. P.; Uvarkin, P. V.; Zhelezny, P. A.; Zheleznaya, A. P.; Akimova, S. E.; Novoselov, V. P.; Tupikova, L. N.

2016-08-01

We investigated properties of the "Orgamax" osteoplastic material, which was produced from a demineralized bone, in the treatment of extensive caries, in particular chronic pulpitis of the permanent teeth with unformed roots in children. The "Orgamax" osteoplastic material consists of demineralized bone chips, a collagen additive, and antibiotics. The surface morphology of the "Orgamax" osteoplastic material is macroporous, with the maximum pore size of 250 µm, whereas the surface morphology of the major component of "Orgamax", demineralized bone chips, is microporous, with a pore size of 10-20 µm. Material "Orgamax" is used in the treatment of complicated caries, particularly chronic pulpitis of permanent teeth with unformed roots in children. "Orgamax" filling a formed cavity exhibits antimicrobial properties, eliminates inflammation in the dental pulp, and, due to its osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, undergoes gradual resorption, stimulates regeneration, and provides replacement of the defect with newly formed tissue. The dental pulp viability is completely restored, which ensures the complete formation of tooth roots with root apex closure in the long-term period.

Fabrication of fixed implant prostheses using function bite impression technique (FBI technique).

PubMed

Suzuki, Yasunori; Shimpo, Hidemasa; Ohkubo, Chikahiro; Kurtz, Kenneth S

2012-10-01

The patient was partially edentulous, lacking both the first mandibular molars. The FBI and the conventional impression technique were used for the fabrication of implant-fixed prosthesis replacing the right and left molars, respectively. In the FBI technique, the definitive impression was made under occlusal force and functionally generated path (FGP) recording at the same time. The right and left occlusal contact areas were compared after completing the implant-fixed prosthesis rehabilitation. It has been suggested that accuracy of the impression and maxillomandibular registration is necessary to ensure a satisfactory long-term clinical outcome. The transfer of the exact position of the implants to the working cast is even more important because implants lack the mobility of natural teeth. There are displacement differences between implants and natural teeth under occlusal force. The FBI technique may compensate for this difference in accuracy. Using the FBI technique, a precise prosthesis could be produced by completing simultaneously the maxillomandibular registration, impression and FGP. Copyright © 2012 Japan Prosthodontic Society. All rights reserved.

Histological study of the effect of some irrigating solutions on bacterial endotoxin in dogs.

PubMed

Silva, Léa Assed Bezerra da; Leonardo, Mario Roberto; Assed, Sada; Tanomaru Filho, Mário

2004-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate, histopathologically, the effectiveness of mechanical preparation of root canals using different irrigating solutions in dog teeth filled with LPS after pulpectomy. A total of 120 root canals of 6 mongrel dogs were filled with a solution of LPS after pulpectomy. The irrigating solutions used were saline, 1, 2.5, and 5% sodium hypochlorite, and 2% chlorhexidine. No irrigation was used in the control group. The animals were sacrificed after 60 days and the teeth were fixed and demineralized. Subsequently, serial 6-microm sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Mallory's trichrome for histopathological analysis and Brown-Brenn for verification of bacterial contamination. Analysis showed that the inflammatory infiltrate was statistically less intense in the groups in which the root canals were irrigated with 5% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine. However, none of the irrigating solutions completely inactivated the harmful effects of LPS. Mechanical preparation associated with different irrigating solutions did not completely inactivate LPS.

A smart rotary technique versus conventional pulpectomy for primary teeth: A randomized controlled clinical study

PubMed Central

Mokhtari, Negar; Shirazi, Alireza-Sarraf

2017-01-01

Background Techniques with adequate accuracy of working length determination along with shorter duration of treatment in pulpectomy procedure seems to be essential in pediatric dentistry. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of root canal length measurement with Root ZX II apex locator and rotary system in pulpectomy of primary teeth. Material and Methods In this randomized control clinical trial complete pulpectomy was performed on 80 mandibular primary molars in 80, 4-6-year-old children. The study population was randomly divided into case and control groups. In control group conventional pulpectomy was performed and in the case group working length was determined by electronic apex locator Root ZXII and instrumented with Mtwo rotary files. Statistical evaluation was performed using Mann-Whitney and Chi-Square tests (P<0.05). Results There were no significant differences between electronic apex locator Root ZXII and conventional method in accuracy of root canal length determination. However significantly less time was needed for instrumenting with rotary files (P=0.000). Conclusions Considering the comparable results in accuracy of root canal length determination and the considerably shorter instrumentation time in Root ZXII apex locator and rotary system, it may be suggested for pulpectomy in primary molar teeth. Key words:Rotary technique, conventional technique, pulpectomy, primary teeth. PMID:29302280

A smart rotary technique versus conventional pulpectomy for primary teeth: A randomized controlled clinical study.

PubMed

Mokhtari, Negar; Shirazi, Alireza-Sarraf; Ebrahimi, Masoumeh

2017-11-01

Techniques with adequate accuracy of working length determination along with shorter duration of treatment in pulpectomy procedure seems to be essential in pediatric dentistry. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of root canal length measurement with Root ZX II apex locator and rotary system in pulpectomy of primary teeth. In this randomized control clinical trial complete pulpectomy was performed on 80 mandibular primary molars in 80, 4-6-year-old children. The study population was randomly divided into case and control groups. In control group conventional pulpectomy was performed and in the case group working length was determined by electronic apex locator Root ZXII and instrumented with Mtwo rotary files. Statistical evaluation was performed using Mann-Whitney and Chi-Square tests ( P <0.05). There were no significant differences between electronic apex locator Root ZXII and conventional method in accuracy of root canal length determination. However significantly less time was needed for instrumenting with rotary files ( P =0.000). Considering the comparable results in accuracy of root canal length determination and the considerably shorter instrumentation time in Root ZXII apex locator and rotary system, it may be suggested for pulpectomy in primary molar teeth. Key words: Rotary technique, conventional technique, pulpectomy, primary teeth.

Evaluation of efficacy of a pulse oximeter to assess pulp vitality.

PubMed

Sadique, Mohammed; Ravi, S V; Thomas, Kunjamma; Dhanapal, Prasanth; Simon, Elsy P; Shaheen, Mohammed

2014-06-01

To evaluate the efficacy of pulse oximeter as a pulp vitality tester. The sample group consisted of 60 patients of age 15 to 30 years with normal maxillary anterior teeth. Thirty nonvital teeth with complete endodontic fillings were tested as control group. Systemic oxygen saturation values from the patient's fingers served as the control sample for comparison of pulp oxygen saturation values. Readings were recorded on index fingers first; teeth were then evaluated by placing sensor onto the tooth. Nonvital teeth recorded oxygen saturation values of 0%. The mean value for central incisor was 85.11 (SD ± 2.07), for lateral incisors 80.21 (SD ± 2.03) and for canines 89.55 (SD ± 1.09). Their control values (patient's index fingers) averaged 95.88% (SD ± 0.66). Pearson's correlation analysis showed a correlation of 0.11 for central incisors, 0.19 for lateral incisors and 0.12 for canines. This study confirms that pulse oximeter is effective equipment for pulp vitality testing. Pulse oximeter evidences the actual method of evaluating the pulp vitality compared to contemporary methods. How to cite the article: Sadique M, Ravi SV, Thomas K, Dhanapal P, Simon EP, Shaheen M. Evaluation of efficacy of a pulse oximeter to assess pulp vitality. J Int Oral Health 2014;6(3):70-2.

Effect of rotary cutting instruments on the resin-tooth interfacial ultra structure: An in vivo study.

PubMed

Sherawat, Sudhir; Tewari, Sanjay; Duhan, Jigyasa; Gupta, Alpa; Singla, Rakesh

2014-12-01

To evaluate the effect of cutting teeth with different types of burs at various speeds on surface topography of tooth surface and interfacial gap formation at resin-tooth interface. The human molars were divided into seven groups: Diamond bur in airrotor (DA) & micromotor (DM), crosscut carbide bur in airrotor (CCA) & micromotor (CCM), plain carbide bur in airrotor (CA) & micromotor (CM) and #600-grit silicon carbide paper (SiC). In five samples from each group Class II box-only cavities were restored. The occlusal surface of four teeth per group was flattened. Two out of four teeth were acid etched. Teeth were subjected for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Interfacial gap was observed in all groups with no significant difference. SEM observations revealed CA, CCA & DA were coarser than CM, CCM, DM and SiC. SEM of etched tooth surfaces revealed complete removal of amorphous smear layer in CA & CM, partial removal in CCA, CCM, DA & DM and no removal in SiC. Selecting an appropriate bur and its speed may not play an important role in bonding in terms of interfacial gap formation. Variable changes were observed in surface topography with different burs before and after acid etching. Key words:Surface topography, resin-tooth interface, interfacial gap, bonding.

Effect of rotary cutting instruments on the resin-tooth interfacial ultra structure: An in vivo study

PubMed Central

Sherawat, Sudhir; Tewari, Sanjay; Duhan, Jigyasa; Singla, Rakesh

2014-01-01

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of cutting teeth with different types of burs at various speeds on surface topography of tooth surface and interfacial gap formation at resin-tooth interface. Material and Methods: The human molars were divided into seven groups: Diamond bur in airrotor (DA) & micromotor (DM), crosscut carbide bur in airrotor (CCA) & micromotor (CCM), plain carbide bur in airrotor (CA) & micromotor (CM) and #600-grit silicon carbide paper (SiC). In five samples from each group Class II box-only cavities were restored. The occlusal surface of four teeth per group was flattened. Two out of four teeth were acid etched. Teeth were subjected for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: Interfacial gap was observed in all groups with no significant difference. SEM observations revealed CA, CCA & DA were coarser than CM, CCM, DM and SiC. SEM of etched tooth surfaces revealed complete removal of amorphous smear layer in CA & CM, partial removal in CCA, CCM, DA & DM and no removal in SiC. Conclusions: Selecting an appropriate bur and its speed may not play an important role in bonding in terms of interfacial gap formation. Variable changes were observed in surface topography with different burs before and after acid etching. Key words:Surface topography, resin-tooth interface, interfacial gap, bonding. PMID:25674310

A solution to the worn tooth conundrum in primate functional anatomy

PubMed Central

Ungar, Peter S.; M'Kirera, Francis

2003-01-01

Worn teeth are a bane to paleobiologists interested in the diets of human ancestors and other fossil primates. Although worn teeth dominate fossil assemblages, their shapes are usually not used to reconstruct the diets of extinct species. The problem is that traditional studies of primate dental functional anatomy have focused on unworn morphology. This has limited most functional analyses to only a few well-represented fossil species. This paper introduces a method to characterize and compare worn occlusal morphology in primates using laser scanning and geographic information systems technologies. A study of variably worn chimpanzee and gorilla molars indicates that differences between these species in tooth shape remain consistent at given stages of wear. Although cusp slope decreases with wear in both taxa, angularity values remain unchanged. These results indicate that African ape teeth wear in a manner that keeps them mechanically efficient for fracturing specific foods. Studies of changes in tooth shape with wear add a new dimension to dental functional anatomy, and offer a more complete picture of dental-dietary adaptations. Also, given how rare unworn teeth are in the fossil record, the ability to include worn specimens in analyses opens the door to reconstructing the diets of many more extinct primate groups, allowing us to better understand the adaptive radiation of our order. PMID:12634426

Oral impacts on quality of life and problem-oriented attendance among South East London adults.

PubMed

Gaewkhiew, Piyada; Bernabé, Eduardo; Gallagher, Jennifer E; Klass, Charlotte; Delgado-Angulo, Elsa K

2017-04-26

Dental care seeking behaviour is often driven by symptoms. The value of oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) measures to predict utilisation of dental services is unknown. This study aims to explore the association between OHRQoL and problem-oriented dental attendance among adults. We analysed cross-sectional data for 705 adults, aged 16 years and above, living in three boroughs of Inner South East London. Data were collected during structured interviews at home. The short form of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was used to assess the frequency of oral impacts on daily life in the last year. Problem-oriented attendance was defined based on time elapsed since last visit (last 6 months) and reason for that visit (trouble with teeth). The association between OHIP-14 (total and domain) scores and problem-oriented attendance was tested in logistic regression models adjusting for participants' sociodemographic characteristics. Problem-oriented attenders had a higher OHIP-14 total score than regular attenders (6.73 and 3.73, respectively). In regression models, there was a positive association between OHIP-14 total score and problem-oriented attendance. The odds of visiting the dentist for trouble with teeth were 1.07 greater (95% Confidence Interval: 1.04-1.10) per unit increase in the OHIP-14 total score, after adjustment for participants' sociodemographic characteristics. In subsequent analysis by OHIP-14 domains, greater scores in all domains but handicap were significantly associated with problem-oriented attendance. This study shows that oral impacts on quality of life are associated with recent problem-oriented dental attendance among London adults. Six of the seven domains in the OHIP-14 questionnaire were also associated with dental visits for trouble with teeth.

Esthetic Prosthetic Restorations: Reliability and Effects on Antagonist Dentition

PubMed Central

Daou, Elie E.

2015-01-01

Recent advances in ceramics have greatly improved the functional and esthetic properties of restorative materials. New materials offer an esthetic and functional oral rehabilitation, however their impact on opposing teeth is not welldocumented. Peer-reviewed articles published till December 2014 were identified through Pubmed (Medline and Elsevier). Scientifically, there are several methods of measuring the wear process of natural dentition which enhances the comparison of the complicated results. This paper presents an overview of the newly used prosthetic materials and their implication on antagonist teeth or prostheses, especially emphasizing the behavior of zirconia restorations. PMID:26962376

Orthodontics Align Crooked Teeth and Boost Self-Esteem

MedlinePlus

... information you need from the Academy of General Dentistry Friday, June 29, 2018 About | Contact InfoBites Quick ... Impact , the newsmagazine of the Academy of General Dentistry (AGD). "Orthodontics can make people feel better about ...

Impact of diet on incisor growth and attrition and the development of dental disease in pet rabbits.

PubMed

Meredith, A L; Prebble, J L; Shaw, D J

2015-06-01

To assess the impact of four rabbit diets (hay only; extruded diet with hay; muesli with hay; muesli only) on length and curvature of cheek teeth and eruption and attrition rates of incisors. Thirty-two Dutch rabbits, randomly divided into four diet groups, had length and saggital plane curvature of the first cheek teeth measured radiographically at 1, 9 and 17 months. Eruption/attrition of the left upper incisor was directly measured at weeks 30, 32 and 35. Eruption rates matched attrition rates in all groups, but were higher in the hay only group than in both groups fed muesli. By month 9, a greater degree of tooth curvature was present in rabbits fed muesli only than in those fed hay only and extruded diet with hay. After 17 months, rabbits fed muesli only and muesli with hay had longer lower first cheek teeth and larger interdental spaces between the first two molars than rabbits fed extruded diet and hay and hay only. Three rabbits fed muesli only developed evidence of dental disease. Presence of increased tooth length, curvature and interdental spaces indicated early dental pathology in rabbits fed muesli. Muesli diets cannot be recommended for pet rabbits. © 2015 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.

Eocene high-latitude temperature gradients over time and space based on d18O values of fossil shark teeth

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zeichner, S. S.; Kim, S.; Colman, A. S.

2015-12-01

Early-Mid Eocene (56.0-33.9Mya) is characterized by a temperate Antarctic climate and shallower latitudinal temperature gradients than those in present day. The warmer waters off the coast of the Antarctic Peninsula provided suitable habitats for taxa (i.e., sharks) that live today at lower latitudes. Stable isotope analysis of Eocene shark teeth provides a proxy to understand high latitude temperature gradients. However, shark ecology, in particular migration and occupation of tidal versus pelagic habitats, must be considered in the interpretation of stable isotope data. In this study, we analyze d18OPO4 values from the enameloid of Striatolamia (synonymized with Carcharias) shark teeth from the La Meseta formation (Seymour Island, Antarctica) to estimate paleotemperature in Early-Mid Eocene Antarctica, and assess the impact of ecology versus environmental signals on d18OPO4 values. We compare the ranges and offsets between our measured shark tooth d18OPO4 and published bivalve d18OCO3 values to test whether shark teeth record signals of migration across latitudinal temperature gradients, or instead reflect seasonal and long-term temporal variation across La Meseta stratigraphic units.

Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes of the Treatment of Immature Permanent Teeth by Revascularization or Apexification: A Pilot Retrospective Cohort Study

PubMed Central

Alobaid, Adel S.; Cortes, Lina M.; Lo, Jeffery; Nguyen, Thuan T.; Albert, Jeffery; Abu-Melha, Abdulaziz S; Lin, Louis M.; Gibbs, Jennifer L.

2014-01-01

Introduction This retrospective cohort study compared clinical and radiographic outcomes of endodontic treatment performed in immature non-vital permanent teeth, by apexification (calcium hydroxide or apical barrier with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA)), versus revascularization. Methods A comprehensive chart review was performed to obtain a cohort of sequential previously completed cases with recalls. Clinical and radiographic data were collected for 31 treated teeth (19 revascularization and 12 apexification) with an average follow up time of 17 months and a recall rate of 63%. Tooth survival, success rate, and adverse events were analyzed. Changes in radiographic root length, width and area were quantified. Results The majority of treated teeth survived throughout the study period with 30/31 (97%) teeth surviving (18/19 (95%) revascularization, 12/12 apexification). Most cases were also clinically successful with 27/31 (87%) meeting criteria for success, (15/19 (78%) revascularization and 12/12 apexification; non-significant difference). A greater incidence of adverse events was observed in the revascularization group (8/19 (42%) versus 1/12 (11%) in apexification (Risk Ratio= 5.1, p=0.04, 95%CI (0.719, 35.48)). Although more revascularization cases than apexification cases demonstrated an increase in radiographic root area and width, the effect was not statistically significant. Conclusion In this study, revascularization was not superior to other apexification techniques in either clinical or radiographic outcomes. Studies with large subject cohorts, and long follow up periods are needed to evaluate outcomes of revascularization and apexification, while accounting for important co-variants relevant to clinical success. PMID:25069909

Effect of 95% Ethanol as a Final Irrigant before Root Canal Obturation in Primary Teeth: An in vitro Study.

PubMed

Thiruvenkadam, G; Asokan, Sharath; John, Baby; Priya, Pr Geetha

2016-01-01

Successful obturation in the primary teeth demands complete dryness of the root canal system. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 95% ethanol as the final irrigant before root canal obturation in primary teeth. A total of 20 extracted primary mandibular canines were biomechanically prepared and pre-obturated volume of each tooth was assessed using spiral computed tomography (CT). The specimens were divided into two groups (n = 10): group 1, Metapex group; group 2, zinc oxide eugenol group. Each group was further divided randomly into two subgroups (n = 5): subgroup 1, canals were dried with 95% ethanol; subgroup 2, canals were blot dried with paper points with the last one appearing dry. All canals were obturated and the postobturated volume of each tooth was measured. The percentage of obturated volume (POV) was calculated using the formula: (postobturated volume/preobturated volume) × 100. The POV between the groups was statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney test and Wilcoxon Signed rank test appropriately. Root canals that were dried with ethanol showed better obturation than using paper points alone and the difference was statistically significant in both group 1 (p < 0.001) and group 2 (p < 0.002). Drying of the root canal system with 95% ethanol can result in better obturation in the primary teeth. How to cite this article: Thiruvenkadam G, Asokan S, John B, Geetha Priya PR. Effect of 95% Ethanol as a Final Irrigant before Root Canal Obturation in Primary Teeth: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(1):21-24.

The success rate of bupivacaine and lidocaine as anesthetic agents in inferior alveolar nerve block in teeth with irreversible pulpitis without spontaneous pain

PubMed Central

Yosefi, Mohammad Hosein; Nakhaee, Nouzar

2015-01-01

Objectives Achieving adequate anesthesia with inferior alveolar nerve blocks (IANB) is of great importance during dental procedures. The aim of the present study was to assess the success rate of two anesthetic agents (bupivacaine and lidocaine) for IANB when treating teeth with irreversible pulpitis. Materials and Methods Sixty volunteer male and female patients who required root canal treatment of a mandibular molar due to caries participated in the present study. The inclusion criteria included prolonged pain to thermal stimulus but no spontaneous pain. The patients were randomly allocated to receive either 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine or 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine as an IANB injection. The sensitivity of the teeth to a cold test as well as the amount of pain during access cavity preparation and root canal instrumentation were recorded. Results were statistically analyzed with the Chi-Square and Fischer's exact tests. Results At the final step, fifty-nine patients were included in the study. The success rate for bupivacaine and lidocaine groups were 20.0% and 24.1%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups at any stage of the treatment procedure. Conclusions There was no difference in success rates of anesthesia when bupivacaine and lidocaine were used for IANB injections to treat mandibular molar teeth with irreversible pulpitis. Neither agent was able to completely anesthetize the teeth effectively. Therefore, practitioners should be prepared to administer supplemental anesthesia to overcome pain during root canal treatment. PMID:25984478

In vitro fracture resistance of roots obturated with epoxy resin-based, mineral trioxide aggregate-based, and bioceramic root canal sealers.

PubMed

Topçuoğlu, Hüseyin Sinan; Tuncay, Öznur; Karataş, Ertuğrul; Arslan, Hakan; Yeter, Kübra

2013-12-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of teeth filled with 3 different endodontic sealers. Seventy-five single-rooted extracted mandibular premolars were decoronated to a length of 13 mm. The teeth were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 15 for each group). In group 1, the teeth were left unprepared and unfilled (negative control), and in group 2, the teeth were left unobturated (positive control). The rest of the roots were prepared by using the ProTaper System up to a master apical file size of F3: group 3, bioceramic sealer (Endosequence BC sealer) + gutta-percha; group 4, mineral trioxide aggregate-based sealer (Tech Biosealer Endo) + gutta-percha; and group 5, epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus Jet) + gutta-percha. All root specimens were stored for 2 weeks at 100% humidity to allow the complete setting of the sealers. Each specimen was then subjected to fracture testing by using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min(-1) until the root fractured. The force required to fracture each specimen was recorded, and the data were analyzed statistically. The fracture values of groups 3 and 5 were significantly higher than those of group 4 (P < .05). There was no significant difference between groups 3 and 5 (P > .05). In contrast to Tech Biosealer Endo, Endosequence BC and AH Plus Jet sealer increased the force to fracture in root-filled single-rooted premolar teeth. Copyright © 2013 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Co-exposure to methylmercury and inorganic arsenic in baby rice cereals and rice-containing teething biscuits.

PubMed

Rothenberg, Sarah E; Jackson, Brian P; Carly McCalla, G; Donohue, Alexis; Emmons, Alison M

2017-11-01

Rice is an important dietary source for methylmercury (MeHg), a potent neurotoxin, and inorganic arsenic (As), a human carcinogen. Rice baby cereals are a dietary source of inorganic As; however, less is known concerning MeHg concentrations in rice baby cereals and rice teething biscuits. MeHg concentrations were measured in 36 rice baby cereals, eight rice teething biscuits, and four baby cereals manufactured with oats/wheat (n = 48 total). Arsenic (As) species, including inorganic As, were determined in rice baby cereals and rice teething biscuits (n = 44/48), while total As was determined in all products (n = 48). Rice baby cereals and rice teething biscuits were on average 61 and 92 times higher in MeHg, respectively, and 9.4 and 4.7 times higher in total As, respectively, compared to wheat/oat baby cereals. For a 15-g serving of rice baby cereal, average MeHg intake was 0.0092μgday -1 (range: 0.0013-0.034μgday -1 ), while average inorganic As intake was 1.3μgday -1 (range: 0.37-2.3μgday -1 ). Inorganic As concentrations in two brands of rice baby cereal (n = 12/36 boxes of rice cereal) exceeded 100ng/g, the proposed action level from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Log 10 MeHg and inorganic As concentrations in rice baby cereals were strongly, positively correlated (Pearson's rho = 0.60, p < 0.001, n = 36). Rice-containing baby cereals and teething biscuits were a dietary source of both MeHg and inorganic As. Studies concerning the cumulative impacts of MeHg and inorganic As on offspring development are warranted. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Use of Glass-fibers Ribbon and Composite for Prosthetic Restoration of Missing Primary Teeth-Laboratory and Clinical Research

PubMed Central

Zilberman, Uri; Lasilla, Lippo

2014-01-01

Very few modalities can be used for restoring missing primary anterior teeth, although the impact of missing anterior teeth during early childhood can be harmful. In the permanent dentition the use of glass-fibers ribbon and composite materials are frequently used for restoring missing teeth with no or minimal preparation. The purpose of this study was to examine the possibility to use the glass-fibers ribbon (ever-Stick from GC Corporation, Japan) together with esthetic composite materials (G-aenial A1 from GC Corporation, Japan) for restoring anterior primary teeth and to determine the best methodology and bonding system to be used. The effect of etching time was analyzed using 20-80 sec on primary buccal enamel with SEM and the results showed that at least 60 second is necessary in order to remove the prismless layer and to affect the prismatic layer similar (as observed by SEM) to the 20 sec etching time on permanent enamel. Three bonding systems (SE Bond by Kurary, Japan, Scotchbond Universal by 3M/ESPE, Germany and G-aenial bond by GC Company, Japan) were compared for bonding the glass-fibers ribbon to the primary enamel and microtensile strength analyses were performed. Mean tensile strength ranged from 10.9 to 13 MPa with no statistically significant differences between all three systems. Based on the laboratory results it can be concluded that the glass-fibers ribbon together with the composite material can be used clinically to restore missing primary teeth for esthetic and functional reasons. Two clinical cases are presented that show favorable results. PMID:25553140

Cleft palate with/without cleft lip in French children: radiographic evaluation of prevalence, location and coexistence of dental anomalies inside and outside cleft region.

PubMed

Mangione, Francesca; Nguyen, Laure; Foumou, Nathalie; Bocquet, Emmanuelle; Dursun, Elisabeth

2018-03-01

Prevalence of dental anomalies in cleft patients is higher than that in general population. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of dental anomalies and their coexistence in French children with cleft and, then, to investigate the relation between the dental anomalies and the cleft type. Seventy-four non-syndromic cleft patients (6-16 years old) from Lille Regional University and Mondor-Chenevier Hospitals (France) were included. Clefts were classified as right/left unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) and cleft palate (CP). Dental anomalies were investigated on panoramic radiographs and categorized as agenesis, supernumerary teeth, incisor rotations, impacted canines and shape anomalies. Prevalence and gender distribution of dental anomalies, mean number of affected teeth per patient, agenesis occurrence and location, and coexistence of dental anomalies were analysed by cleft type. 96.0% of patients presented at least one dental anomaly (agenesis 83.8%, incisor rotations 25.7%, shape anomalies 21.6%, impacted canines 18.9%, supernumerary teeth 8.1%). BCLP patients had a higher number of affected teeth, and left UCLP patients had a higher one compared to right UCLP patients. Distribution of inside (45.3%) and outside (54.7%) cleft region agenesis was similar. Adjacent (31.8%) and not adjacent (33.3%) combined dental anomalies were often encountered. Dental anomalies were localized inside as well as outside cleft region and were often associated with each other. BCLP patients were more affected. Early radiographic evaluation allows a comprehensive diagnosis of inside and outside cleft region anomalies, required for the multidisciplinary dental treatment.

Exploring Biological and Geological Age-related Changes through Variations in Intra- and Intertooth Proteomes of Ancient Dentine.

PubMed

Procopio, Noemi; Chamberlain, Andrew T; Buckley, Michael

2018-03-02

Proteomic analyses are becoming more widely used in archeology not only due to the greater preservation of proteins in ancient specimens than DNA but also because they can offer different information, particularly relating to compositional preservation and potentially a means to estimate biological and geological age. However, it remains unclear to what extent different burial environments impact these aspects of proteome decay. Teeth have to date been much less studied than bone but are ideal to explore how proteins decay with time due to the negligible turnover that occurs in dentine relative to bone. We investigated the proteome variability and deamidation levels of different sections of molar teeth from archeological bovine mandibles as well as their mandibular bone. We obtained a greater yield of proteins from the crown of the teeth but did not find differences between the different molars analyzed within each mandible. We also obtained the best variety of protein from a well-preserved mandible that was not the youngest one in terms of chronological age, showing the influence of the preservation conditions on the final proteomic outcome. Intriguingly, we also noticed an increase in abundance levels of fetuin-A in biologically younger mandibles as reported previously, but the opposite trend in tooth dentine. Interestingly, we observed higher glutamine deamidation levels in teeth from the geologically oldest mandible despite it being the biologically youngest specimen, showing that the archeological age strongly impacts on the level of deamidations observed, much more so than biological aging. This indicates that the glutamine deamidation ratio of selected peptides may act as a good predictor of the relative geochronological age of archeological specimens.

Impact of the quality of coronal restoration and root canal filling on the periapical health in adult syrian subpopulation

PubMed Central

Alafif, Hisham

2014-01-01

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the status of periapical tissues of endodontically treated teeth according to coronal restorations and root canal fillings separately and in concomitant in adult Syrian subpopulation. Methods: 784 endodontically treated teeth from two hundred randomly selected Syrian adult patients were radiographically evaluated. According to predetermined criteria, the quality of coronal restorations and root canal filling of each tooth was scored as adequate or inadequate. The status of periapical tissues was also classified as healthy or diseased. Results were analyzed using Chi-squared test. Results: Adequate coronal restorations were determined in 58.54% of cases which was accompanied with less periapical pathosis than that in teeth with inadequate restorations (P < 0.01). 14% of teeth were restored by posts which showed no significant impact on the periapical tissues health. 18.5% of endodontic treatments were evaluated as adequate with less number of periapical radiolucencies than that of inadequate root canal fillings (P < 0.01). Absence of periapical pathosis was 96.6% in cases with both adequate coronal restorations and root canals fillings. The rate was 88.5% in cases with only adequate root canals fillings, and about 70% in cases with only adequate coronal restorations. When the treatment was inadequate in both coronal and root canals fillings, success rate was only observed in 48.8%. Conclusion: The most important factor with regard to the periradicular tissue health is the quality of root canal filling without neglecting the influence of coronal restoration (regardless of its type). There is a high prevalence rate of periapical pathosis in Syrian subpopulation due to poor dental practice. PMID:25565729

Relation between oral health and nutritional condition in the elderly

PubMed Central

RODRIGUES JUNIOR, Humberto Lauro; SCELZA, Miriam F. Zaccaro; BOAVENTURA, Gilson Teles; CUSTÓDIO, Silvia Maria; MOREIRA, Emília Addison Machado; OLIVEIRA, Diane de Lima

2012-01-01

Oral health is a prerequisite for a good chewing function, which may have an impact on food choices and nutritional well-being. Objective This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between oral health status and nutritional status in the elderly. Material and Methods In this cross-sectional study, 33 elderly people from the Group for the Elderly Interdisciplinary Geriatrics and Gerontology Program, at Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil, completed a questionnaire to collect information on socioeconomic status, eating habits, physical activity and health habits, undertook a clinical oral examination, blood test, and anthropometric measurements, and were allocated into groups according to age. The oral health status was assessed using the index for decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT). The nutritional status was assessed using hemoglobin, hematocrit and albumin concentrations in blood, anthropometric values and the body mass index. Results Tooth loss was the biggest nuisance to the elderly subjects (57.6%), followed by the use of dentures (30.3%) and ill-fitting dentures (33.3%). 66.6% of patients had difficulty in chewing, and 54.5% reported this to be due to prostheses and 13.6% to the absence of teeth. A significant correlation was found between DMFT and the value of suprailiac skinfold thickness (rho=0.380, p=0.029). Conclusion The results support the temporal association between tooth loss and detrimental changes in anthropometry, which could contribute to increased risk of developing chronic diseases. PMID:22437676

Dental caries, tooth eruption timing and obesity: a longitudinal study in a group of Mexican schoolchildren.

PubMed

Sánchez-Pérez, Leonor; Irigoyen, María Esther; Zepeda, Marco

2010-01-01

To identify the possible association between dental caries and body mass index (BMI) and to explore the effect of BMI on tooth eruption in a cohort of elementary schoolchildren. A 4-year longitudinal study was completed. A total of 110 children from a public elementary school, located in a middle-income area of Mexico City, entered the study; of these, 88 completed the 4-year follow-up period. Dental caries assessments were carried out using the WHO criteria for decayed, missing and filled primary and permanent teeth indices (dmft and DMFT, respectively) and surface indices (dmfs and DMFS, respectively). BMI was used to classify the children's obesity status, according to the Centers for Disease Control 2000 reference charts. At 7 years of age, 29.6% of the children were in the overweight or at risk of being overweight categories and, by 11 years of age, this proportion had risen to 45.5%. The mean dmft for children aged 7 years was 2.70 and, for children aged 11 years, the DMFT was 0.54. Children in the higher BMI categories had more erupted teeth than the other children (p < 0.001). A lower dmfs index was detected in the overweight children, compared with children with a lower BMI (p < 0.001). The overweight children had more erupted teeth and a lower caries index. The complex relationships between body composition and oral health should be considered in pediatric patients.

Broken instrument retrieval with indirect ultrasonics in a primary molar.

PubMed

Pk, Musale; Sc, Kataria; As, Soni

2016-02-01

The separation of a file during pulpectomy is a rare incident in primary teeth due to inherently wider and relatively straighter root canals. A broken instrument hinders the clinician from optimal preparation and obturation of the root canal system invariably leading to failure, although in such teeth, an extraction followed by suitable space maintenance is considered as the treatment of choice. This case report demonstrates successful nonsurgical retrieval of a separated H file fragment in 84. A 7-year-old girl was referred to the Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry for endodontic management of a primary tooth 84 with a dento-alveolar abscess. Her medical history was noncontributory. After diagnosing a broken H file in the mesio-lingual canal, the tooth was endodontically treated in two appointments. At the first session, a broken file was successfully retrieved after using low intensity ultrasonic vibrations through a DG 16 endodontic explorer viewed under an operating microscope. After abscess resolution, Vitapex root canal obturation with a preformed metal crown cementation was completed at a second session. The patient was recalled at 3, 6, 12 and 15 month interval and reported to be clinically asymptomatic and radiographically with complete furcal healing. Integration of microscopes and ultrasonics in paediatric dental practice has made it possible to save such teeth with a successful outcome. Favourable location of the separated file, relatively straighter root canal system and patient cooperation resulted in successful nonsurgical management in this case.

A first experience with digital complete overdentures.

PubMed

Bajunaid, Salwa Omar

2016-07-01

The development of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing systems for dentistry in the 1980s resulted in the successful fabrication of crowns, fixed dental prostheses, and superstructures for both natural teeth and dental implants. Today, this technology is available for constructing digitally designed and milled, completely removable dental prostheses. The procedure uses clinical and laboratory protocols that allow fabrication of completely removable prostheses within two clinical appointments. The aim of this clinical report is to present the author's first experience with digital complete overdentures, the practicality of this technology, and patient feedback. Compared with conventional overdentures, the fit of the digital prostheses was improved because the cameo and flanges of the prostheses were nicely shaped and rolled, and this enhanced their stability and retention. Occlusion was also excellent. However, aesthetics in terms of the alignment, shape, and size of the maxillary overdenture teeth were inacceptable. Despite some of the drawbacks identified in our study, the use of removable digital dentures does provide excellent adaptation of the denture base and requires fewer clinic visits. We anticipate that the unsatisfactory aesthetic outcomes presented in this report can be corrected with more experience. We also believe that acquiring an in-house scanning machine would be beneficial. We highly recommend including this technique in dental school curriculums at both the undergraduate and graduate levels in order to keep students and residents up to date on the latest technology available.

The Comparative Efficacy of Different Files in The Removal of Different Sealers in Simulated Root Canal Retreatment- An In-vitro Study.

PubMed

Kanaparthy, Aruna; Kanaparthy, Rosaiah

2016-05-01

Root canal treatment enjoys a high success rate all over the world and has saved billions of teeth from extraction. However, there are instances of failure, the main causes being insufficient cleaning and inadequate obturation. In such cases the most conservative treatment option would be non-surgical retreatment. It requires regaining access to the entire root canal system through removal of the original root canal filling thus permitting further cleaning and re- obturation. Removal of gutta-percha and sealer becomes a critical step to gain access to the root canal system, remove necrotic tissue debris, bacteria and infected dentin. To compare and evaluate the efficacy of manual hand Hedstrom files and two rotary retreatment file systems ProTaper Universal retreatment files and Mtwo(R) (retreatment) files in the removal of root canal filling material during root canal retreatment and the influence of the type of sealers zinc oxide eugenol and AH plus on the presence of remaining debris in the reinstrumented canals in the apical, middle and coronal third. Sixty single rooted human premolar teeth were divided into 3 Groups of 20 teeth each Group I (20 Teeth): prepared using hand K Files, Group II (20 Teeth): prepared using ProTaper rotary system and Group III (20 Teeth): prepared using Mtwo rotary system. In Groups- IA, IIA, IIIA: (10 teeth each) Obturation was done using Zinc Oxide Eugenol sealer and gutta percha. In Groups- IB, IIB, IIIB: (10 teeth each) obturation was done with AH Plus sealer and gutta percha. All the teeth were subjected to retreatment. Groups IA and IB with Hedstrom files, Groups IIA and IIB with ProTaper retreatment files and for Groups IIIA and IIIB with Mtwo retreatment Files. The roots were longitudinally split and were observed under a stereomicroscope for remaining amount of filling material on the canal walls. Statistical analysis was done using One-way ANOVA (Analysis of variance) test and Tukey HSD Test. Mtwo(R) files showed statistically significant difference in the removal of filling material in the apical third and ProTaper R in the coronal and apical thirds. Better cleaning efficacy was seen in canals obturated with zinc oxide eugenol sealer. Mtwo(R) files showed better removal of filling material than ProTaper R followed by Hedstrom files, even though there was no statistically significant difference. None of the instrument group showed complete removal of the filling material. It was easier to remove zinc oxide eugenol sealer than AH plus sealer.

Molecular and clinical analyses of Helicobacter pylori colonization in inflamed dental pulp.

PubMed

Nomura, Ryota; Ogaya, Yuko; Matayoshi, Saaya; Morita, Yumiko; Nakano, Kazuhiko

2018-04-16

Recently, dental pulp has been considered a possible source of infection of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in children. We previously developed a novel PCR system for H. pylori detection with high specificity and sensitivity using primer sets constructed based on the complete genome information for 48 H. pylori strains. This PCR system showed high sensitivity with a detection limit of 1-10 cells when serial dilutions of H. pylori genomic DNA were used as templates. However, the detection limit was lower (10 2 -10 3 cells) when H. pylori bacterial DNA was detected from inflamed pulp specimens. Thus, we further refined the system using a nested PCR method, which was much more sensitive than the previous single PCR method. In addition, we examined the distribution and virulence of H. pylori in inflamed pulp tissue. Nested PCR system was constructed using primer sets designed from the complete genome information of 48 H. pylori strains. The detection limit of the nested PCR system was 1-10 cells using both H. pylori genomic DNA and bacterial DNA isolated from inflamed pulp specimens. Next, distribution of H. pylori was examined using 131 inflamed pulp specimens with the nested PCR system. In addition, association between the detection of H. pylori and clinical information regarding endodontic-infected teeth were investigated. Furthermore, adhesion property of H. pylori strains to human dental fibroblast cells was examined. H. pylori was present in 38.9% of inflamed pulp specimens using the nested PCR system. H. pylori was shown to be predominantly detected in primary teeth rather than permanent teeth. In addition, samplings of the inflamed pulp were performed twice from the same teeth at 1- or 2-week intervals, which revealed that H. pylori was detected in most specimens in both samplings. Furthermore, H. pylori strains showed adhesion property to human dental fibroblast cells. Our results suggest that H. pylori colonizes inflamed pulp in approximately 40% of all cases through adhesion to human dental fibroblast cells.

Student Endodontic Performance with and without Numerical Requirements.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Charles Q.; And Others

1994-01-01

A study compared dental student performance in clinical endodontics under two instructional approaches, one in which number of procedures completed by students (n=79) was measured and one (n=84 students) emphasizing total patient care and stricter accounting of clinical treatment time. Results indicated the latter group treated fewer teeth but…

Updating histological data on crown initiation and crown completion ages in southern Africans.

PubMed

Reid, Donald J; Guatelli-Steinberg, Debbie

2017-04-01

To update histological data on crown initiation and completion ages in southern Africans. To evaluate implications of these data for studies that: (a) rely on these data to time linear enamel hypoplasias (LEHs), or, (b) use these data for comparison to fossil hominins. Initiation ages were calculated on 67 histological sections from southern Africans, with sample sizes ranging from one to 11 per tooth type. Crown completion ages for southern Africans were calculated in two ways. First, actual derived initiation ages were added to crown formation times for each histological section to obtain direct information on the crown completion ages of individuals. Second, average initiation ages from this study were added to average crown formation times of southern Africans from the Reid and coworkers previous studies that were based on larger samples. For earlier-initiating tooth types (all anterior teeth and first molars), there is little difference in ages of initiation and crown completion between this and previous studies. Differences increase as a function of initiation age, such that the greatest differences between this and previous studies for both initiation and crown completion ages are for the second and third molars. This study documents variation in initiation ages, particularly for later-initiating tooth types. It upholds the use of previously published histological aging charts for LEHs on anterior teeth. However, this study finds that ages of crown initiation and completion in second and third molars for this southern African sample are earlier than previously estimated. These earlier ages reduce differences between modern humans and fossil hominins for these developmental events in second and third molars. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Oral health quality-of-life among undergraduate Malaysian dental students.

PubMed

Harsh, P; Arunima, C; Manoj, K

2012-06-01

To assess the oral health quality of life among Malaysian dental students using the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) scale. Malaysian dental students of Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal campus, Manipal University, Manipal answered a structured questionnaire recording the demographic characteristics, behavioral characteristics and eight items of OIDP. The mean OIDP ADD and OIDP SC scores were respectively, 4.10 (sd = 5.16, range 8 - 40) and 2. 3 (sd = 2.3, range 0-8). A total of 50%, 32.9% and 28.6% of the dental students confirmed difficulties with eating, cleaning teeth and sleeping and relaxing, respectively. Statistically significant relationships were observed between OIDP (ultimate oral impact) and a count of non-clinical oral health indicators representing the second (intermediate) levels of oral impact. Logistic regression analysis revealed that dental students who were dissatisfied with their oral health had greater oral impact than their counterparts. The odds ratios for satisfaction with oral health, dental visits and frequency of brushing teeth were respectively 1.74 (0.58-5.32), 0.59 (0.11-3.24) and 1.33 (0.41-4.30). The study reports the Oral Impact on Daily Performance among Malaysian dental students and provides evidence of importance of social and behavioral characteristics in shaping dental students response.

External root resorption of the second molar associated with mesially and horizontally impacted mandibular third molar: evidence from cone beam computed tomography.

PubMed

Wang, Dongmiao; He, Xiaotong; Wang, Yanling; Li, Zhongwu; Zhu, Yumin; Sun, Chao; Ye, Jinhai; Jiang, Hongbing; Cheng, Jie

2017-05-01

The aim of the present study was to assess the incidence and risk factors of ERR in second molars with mesially and horizontally impacted mandibular third molars using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images from patients in a Chinese tertiary referral hospital. A total number of 216 patients with 362 mesially and horizontally impacted mandibular third molars who were treated at our institution from 2014 to 2015 was retrospectively included. The ERR in second molars was identified on CBCT multiplanar images. The associations between incidence of ERR and multiple clinical parameters were statistically analyzed by Chi-square test. Moreover, the risk factors for ERR in second molars were further assessed by multivariate regression analysis. The overall incidence of ERR in second molars was 20.17 % (73/362) as detected on CBCT images. The presence of ERR significantly associated with patients age and impaction depth of mandibular third molars. However, no significant relationship was found between ERR severity and impaction depth or ERR location. Multivariate regression analyses further revealed age over 35 years and impaction depth as important risk factors affecting the ERR incidence caused by mesial and horizontal impaction of mandibular third molar. ERR in second molar resulted from mesially and horizontally impacted mandibular third molar is not very rare and can be reliably identified via CBCT scan. Given the possibility of ERR associated with third molar impaction, the prophylactic removal of these impacted teeth could be considered especially for those patients with over 35 years and mesially and horizontally impacted teeth.

Association between parity and dentition status among Japanese women: Japan public health center-based oral health study.

PubMed

Ueno, Masayuki; Ohara, Satoko; Inoue, Manami; Tsugane, Shoichiro; Kawaguchi, Yoko

2013-10-22

Several studies have shown that parity is associated with oral health problems such as tooth loss and dental caries. In Japan, however, no studies have examined the association. The purpose of this study was to determine whether parity is related to dentition status, including the number of teeth present, dental caries and filled teeth, and the posterior occlusion, in a Japanese population by comparing women with men. A total of 1,211 subjects, who participated both in the Japan Public Health Center-Based (JPHC) Study Cohort I in 1990 and the dental survey in 2005, were used for the study. Information on parity or number of children was collected from a self-completed questionnaire administered in 1990 for the JPHC Study Cohort I, and health behaviors and clinical dentition status were obtained from the dental survey in 2005. The association between parity or number of children and dentition status was analyzed, by both unadjusted-for and adjusted-for socio-demographic and health behavioral factors, using a generalized linear regression model. Parity is significantly related to the number of teeth present and n-FTUs (Functional Tooth Units of natural teeth), regardless of socio-demographic and health behavioral factors, in female subjects. The values of these variables had a significantly decreasing trend with the rise of parity: numbers of teeth present (p for trend = 0.046) and n-FTUs (p for trend = 0.026). No relationships between the number of children and dentition status were found in male subjects. Higher-parity women are more likely to lose teeth, especially posterior occluding relations. These results suggest that measures to narrow the discrepancy by parity should be taken for promoting women's oral health. Delivery of appropriate information and messages to pregnant women as well as enlightenment of oral health professionals about dental management of pregnant women may be an effective strategy.

Selecting maxillary anterior tooth width by measuring certain facial dimensions in the Kurdish population.

PubMed

A L-Kaisy, Neda; Garib, Balkees Taha

2016-03-01

One of the most difficult aspects of complete denture fabrication is selecting appropriately sized maxillary anterior teeth that will harmonize with the face. There are no generally accepted or naturally observed principles to guide dentists in this selection. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a relationship exists between various facial measurements and the different single or combined mesiodistal widths of maxillary anterior teeth in a Kurdish population. A total of 65 Kurdish dental students participated in this study. Two standardized digital photographs of the face (relaxed and smiling capture) were recorded. The interpupillary distance (IPD), inner canthal distance (ICD), interalar distance (IAD), and width of the 2 central incisors were determined by Image J software. The mesiodistal width and the combined straight-line width of the centrals, laterals, and canines were measured directly from the casts of the participants with digital calipers. A simple linear regression and the Pearson correlation coefficient were used to investigate the relationship between the particular facial measurement and the widths of the anterior teeth (α=.05). Significant correlations existed between the IPD and different tooth measurements; the highest was with the mean width of the canines (r=0.55). The proposed proportion between the IPD and the central incisor width was 6.93. The golden proportion of the ICD to the width of the central incisors and of the IAD to the straight-line width of the 6 anterior teeth could be used as a dependent parameter in Kurdish men. The IPD can be used to predict the width of anterior teeth in both sexes. In men, the width of the central incisors may be estimated from the ICD and the straight-line width of the 6 anterior teeth from the IAD. Copyright © 2016 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Occurrence and severity of enamel decalcification adjacent to bracket bases and sub-bracket lesions during orthodontic treatment with two different lingual appliances

PubMed Central

Klang, Elisabeth; Helms, Hans-Joachim; Wiechmann, Dirk

2016-01-01

Summary Background: Using lingual enamel surfaces for bracket placement not only has esthetic advantages, but may also be suitable in terms of reducing frequencies of enamel decalcifications. Objective: To test the null-hypothesis that there is no significant difference in enamel decalcification or cavitation incidence adjacent to and beneath bracket bases between two lingual multi-bracket (MB) appliances that are different in terms of design, material composition, and manufacturing technology (group A: WIN, DW-LingualSystems; group B: Incognito, 3M-Unitek), taking into account patient- and treatment-related variables on white spot lesion (WSL) formation. Methods: Standardized, digital, top-view photographs of 630 consecutive subjects (16214 teeth; n Incognito = 237/6076 teeth; n WIN = 393/10138 teeth; mean age: 17.47±7.8; m/f 43.2/56.8%) with completed lingual MB treatment of the upper and lower permanent teeth 1–7 were screened for decalcification or cavitation adjacent to and beneath the bracket bases before and after treatment, scored from 0 to 7. Non-parametric ANOVA was used for main effects ‘appliance type’, ‘gender’, ‘treatment complexity’, ‘grouped age’ (≤16/>16 years), and ‘treatment duration’ as covariable, at an α-level of 5%. Results: About 2.57% [5.94%] of all teeth in group A [B] developed decalcifications. Subject-related incidence was 9.59% [16.17%] for upper incisors in group A [B], and 12.98% [25.74%] for all teeth 16–46. There were significant effects by gender, age, and treatment duration. Conclusion: The null-hypothesis was rejected: sub-bracket lesions were significantly less frequent in group A, while frequencies of WSL adjacent to brackets were not significantly affected by appliance type. In view of the overall low incidences of lingual post-orthodontic white-spot lesions, the use of lingual appliances is advocated as a valid strategy for a reduction of enamel decalcifications during orthodontic treatment. PMID:26420772

Antibacterial efficacy of an endodontic sonic-powered irrigation system: An in vitro study.

PubMed

Zeng, Chang; Willison, Jon; Meghil, Mohamed M; Bergeron, Brian E; Cutler, Christopher W; Tay, Franklin R; Niu, Lina; Ma, Jingzhi

2018-06-13

To evaluate the efficacy of EDDY, a new sonic-powered irrigation system, in reducing intracanal bacteria load. Thirty-eight instrumented, autoclaved single-rooted human premolars were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC-29212) for 21 days. Two teeth were used as negative control without bacterial contamination. For the bacteria-inoculated teeth, 6 were used as positive control without irrigation. The remaining 30 teeth were randomly divided into 2 groups (N = 15), using 3% NaOCl as irrigant: (A) 30-gauge syringe needle irrigation (SNI), (B) EDDY (VDW, Munich, Germany). Twelve teeth per group and 4 teeth in the positive control were evaluated for bacterial reduction using MTT assay. The remaining teeth were split for BacLight LIVE/DEAD staining to examine the percentages of live/dead bacteria present in the dentinal tubules from different canal locations (coronal, mid-root and apical portions of the canal space) using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). MTT assay indicated that both SNI and EDDY significantly reduced overall intracanal bacterial load compared with the positive control, with no significant difference between the two techniques. CLSM indicated that EDDY had better intratubular bacterial killing efficacy than SNI in the coronal and mid-root portions of the canal space only but not in the apical portion. In all canal locations (coronal, mid-root apical), both systems failed to eliminate bacteria that proliferated deep within the dentinal tubules. With the use of 3% NaOCl, sonic-powered irrigant activation with EDDY tips did not provide additional advantage over SNI in killing Enterococcus faecalis from deep intraradicular dentin. Both the sonic-powered root canal irrigant activation system and syringe needle irrigation can reduce intracanal bacteria load but are incapable of completely killing all bacteria that resided deep within the dentinal tubules of root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

[Application of Low Dose Spiral CT in Diagnosing Impacted Teeth in Children and Adolescents].

PubMed

Wang, Meng-tian; Li, Xue-sheng; Li, Kai-ming; Bao, Li; Ning, Gang

2015-09-01

[ABSTRACT] To determine the value of low dose spiral CT scanning in diagnosing impacted teeth of children and adolescents. A total of 153 children and adolescents with confirmed impacted teeth in West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University were enrolled in this study. They were divided into 5 groups according to the different spiral CT scan parameters (tube current time product, scanning thickness and collimation value): Group A (n=30, 330 mAs, 6 X 0. 75 mm and 3. 0 mm), Group B (n=30, 140 mAs, 6 X 0. 75 mm and 3. 0 mm), Group C (n=30, 80 mAs, 6 X 0. 75 mm and 3. 0 mm), Group D (n=31, 80 mAs, 6 X 1. 50 mm and 5. 0 mm), and Group E (n=32, 50 mAs, 6 X 1. 50 mm and 5. 0 mm). There were no significant differences in general clinical features (P>0. 05) among the participants of the five groups. The phantoms were used to measure spatial resolution and contrast resolution of the scan images. Dose length product (DLP) was recorded during CT scanning for calculating effective dose (ED) of exposure. The quality of images was evaluated using a list of quality scoring criteria. (1) Under 330, 140, 80, 80 and 50 mAs, the images had a spatial resolution of 1.0 mm, with contrast resolution of 2. 0, 3. 0, 4. 5, 4. 5 and 6. 0 mm, respectively. (2) Significant differences in ED values were found among the five groups (F=1 064. 119, P=0. 000) and between every two of those groups (P<0. 05). Group E had the lowest ED (0. 19 mSv), 86. 52%, 67. 24%, 45. 71%, and 38. 71% lower than that in Group A, B, C and D, respectively (P<0. 05). (3) All of the five groups obtained an image quality score above 3, and no statistical differences appeared among the 5 groupl (F=1. 978, P>0. 05). The diagnostic results of the spiral CT were consistent with those of orthodontic surgery. Low dose spiral CT scanning can meet the image quality requirements for diagnosing impacted teeth, minimizing radiation exposure effectively.

[Comparative study of complications among routine method,high speed turbine handpiece and piezosurgery device after extraction of impacted wisdom teeth].

PubMed

Guo, Zhao-zhong; Zhang, Heng; Li, Yan; Li, Xin; Liu, Yin; Wang, Yang; Yuan, Chun-xia; Liu, Xue

2012-04-01

To investigate complications in extraction of complicated impacted wisdom teeth whose root apex near to the inferior alveolar nerve(IAN) by using routine method(chisels),high speed turbine handpiece and piezosurgery device respectively. Three hundred qualified patients with impacted wisdom teeth were divided into three groups randomly,one hundred patients in group A were extracted by routine method, one hundred patients in group B were extracted by high speed turbine handpiece, and one hundred patients in group C were extracted by piezosurgery device. The operation time, postoperative pain duration,dry socket and IAN injury were compared between each two groups. All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13.0 software package. Differences between groups were compared using a paired t test (quantitative data) or Chi-square test (qualitative data). The operation time in group A was(14.12±0.12)min, (7.22±0.15)min in group B, (25.23±0.32)min in group C; Significant difference was found between group A and group B(P<0.05), group B and group C(P<0.05),group A and group C(P<0.05).Postoperative pain duration was(62.15±1.51)h in group A, (48.23±1.23)h in group B, (14.34±O.80)h in group C; Significant difference was found between group A and group B(P<0.05), group B and group C(P<0.05),group A and group C(P<0.05).9 patients developed dry socket in group A, 2 in group B, and 1 in group C; Significant difference was found between group A and group B(P<0.05), group A and group C(P<0.05). Six patients had IAN injury in group A, 2 in group B, 0 in group C. Significant difference was found between group A and group C. Compared with routine method, high speed turbine is better in extraction of impacted wisdom teeth, which can shorten operation time, lessen postoperative complications. Although there was longer operation time compared with group A and B, piezosurgery device is more effective in reducing postoperative complications.

Oral health impact, dental caries experience, and associated factors in 12-15-year-old school children in India.

PubMed

Kumar, Sandeep; Kumar, Amit; Badiyani, Bhumika; Kumar, Arunoday; Basak, Debashish; Ismail, Mohammed B

2017-04-01

Dental caries affects quality of life and has a negative impact on daily performance. The study was conducted to assess the impact of oral health and its associated factors in schoolchildren in the age group 12-15 years in Indore, Madhya Pradesh. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in schoolchildren in the age group 12-15 years. Sociodemographic and oral health related behaviors of schoolchildren were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Child oral impact on daily performance (OIDP) questionnaire was used to assess the oral impacts. Oral examination was performed to check the presence of caries using decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index. A total of 690 schoolchildren participated in the survey. The mean age of the children was 13.58 years. The overall prevalence of dental caries was found to be 47.2%. The prevalence of one or more impact in the study population was 36.5%. The most prevalent impact was difficulty in eating and cleaning of teeth and the least prevalent impact were emotion and studying. Results of logistic regression analysis showed that the type of school that a child goes to, socioeconomic status, material used, dental visit, and dental caries were significantly associated with the Child-OIDP affected score. Oral health had a significant effect on the quality of life of schoolchildren. The prevalence of dental caries was found to be high. Effective policies need to be drafted for oral health promotion in this age group.

The changing epidemiology of oral diseases in the elderly, their growing importance for care and how they can be managed.

PubMed

Batchelor, Paul

2015-11-01

This article provides an overview of the changing epidemiology of oral diseases and the impacts for the population. Considerable improvements have occurred in oral health, and many more people are retaining teeth for longer. However, the conditions of teeth and mouth are varied, and all older people are at risk of future oral disease. With the increased prevalence of other more general health conditions, the risks of poor oral health are increasing. Poor oral health gives rise to considerable problems that impact both on an individual's well-being and qualities of life as well as increasing the risks of general health issues. To ensure that the risks of such adverse impacts are minimised, a more collaborative approach involving all care workers is required, addressing the determinants of health and ensuring that better care management arrangements for older people are developed. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Effect of age, impaction types and operative time on inflammatory tissue reactions following lower third molar surgery

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background Postoperative mobidity following third molar surgery is affected by a number of factors. The study of these factors is essential for effective planning and limitation of morbidity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of age, type of impaction and operative time on immediate postoperative tissue reactions following mandibular third molar surgery. Methods Consecutive patients with impacted mandibular third molar teeth were studied. All the third molars were classified according to Winter's classification. Surgical extraction was performed on all the patients by a single surgeon under local anaesthesia. The operation time was determined by the time lapse between incision and completion of suturing. Postoperative pain, swelling and trismus were evaluated. Results There were 120 patients with an age range of 19-42 years. Patients in the age range of 35-42 years recorded a lower pain score (p = 0.5) on day 1. The mouth opening was much better in the lower age group on day 2 and 5 (p = 0.007 and p = 0.01 respectively). Pain, swelling and trismus increased with increasing operative time. Distoangular impaction was significantly associated with higher VAS score on day 1 and 2 (p = 0.01, 0.0, 04). Distoangular and horizontal impaction are associated with a higher degree of swelling and reduced mouth opening on postoperative review days. Vertical impaction was associated with the least degree of facial swelling and best mouth opening. Conclusions Increasing operating time and advancing age are associated with more postoperative morbidity, likewise distoangular and horizontal impaction types. PMID:21527036

About Kids' Teeth

MedlinePlus

... Kids’ Teeth Teeth Helpful Resources Links About Kids’ Teeth We have two sets of teeth during life: ... usually appeared. Learn about Nutrition Baby Teething Baby Teeth and Teething Baby teeth usually appear when your ...

Canine stage 1 periodontal disease: a latent pathology.

PubMed

Whyte, A; Bonastre, C; Monteagudo, L V; Les, F; Obon, J; Whyte, J; Tejedor, M T

2014-07-01

To evaluate the potential health issues associated with periodontal disease (PD) in dogs, 1004 teeth from 25 dogs were examined. The dogs were randomly selected, aged 2-14 years, and had at least 95% of their teeth at the first PD stage. Significant positive correlations between plaque grade (PG) and gum inflammation, gingival regression, periodontal pocket, age and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity were identified. In contrast, PG was negatively correlated to total platelet count. Altogether, these findings suggest that prevention and therapy at the first PD stages can have an important impact on the general health condition of dogs. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Exploring the short-term impact of community water fluoridation cessation on children's dental caries: a natural experiment in Alberta, Canada.

PubMed

McLaren, L; Patterson, S; Thawer, S; Faris, P; McNeil, D; Potestio, M L; Shwart, L

2017-05-01

Dental caries (tooth decay) is common and can be serious. Dental caries is preventable, and community water fluoridation is one means of prevention. There is limited current research on the implications of fluoridation cessation for children's dental caries. Our objective was to explore the short-term impact of community water fluoridation cessation on children's dental caries, by examining change in caries experience in population-based samples of schoolchildren in two Canadian cities, one that discontinued community water fluoridation and one that retained it. We used a pre-post cross-sectional design. We examined dental caries indices (deft [number of decayed, extracted, or filled primary teeth] and DMFT [number of decayed, missing, or filled permanent teeth]) among grade 2 schoolchildren in 2004/05 and 2013/14 in two similar cities in the province of Alberta, Canada: Calgary (cessation of community water fluoridation in 2011) and Edmonton (still fluoridated). We compared change over time in the two cities. For Calgary only, we had a third data point from 2009/10, and we considered trends across the three points. We observed a worsening in primary tooth caries (deft) in Calgary and Edmonton, but changes in Edmonton were less consistent and smaller. This effect was robust to adjustment for covariates available in 2013/14 and was consistent with estimates of total fluoride intake from biomarkers from a subsample. This finding occurred despite indication that treatment activities appeared better in Calgary. The worsening was not observed for permanent teeth. For prevalence estimates only (% with >0 deft or DMFT), the three data points in Calgary suggest a trend that, though small, appears consistent with an adverse effect of fluoridation cessation. Our results suggest an increase in dental caries in primary teeth during a time period when community fluoridation was ceased. That we did not observe a worsening for permanent teeth in the comparative analysis could reflect the limited time since cessation. It is imperative that efforts to monitor these trends continue. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

First Radiological Study of a Complete Dental Ontogeny Sequence of an Extinct Equid: Implications for Equidae Life History and Taphonomy.

PubMed

Domingo, M Soledad; Cantero, Enrique; García-Real, Isabel; Chamorro Sancho, Manuel J; Martín Perea, David M; Alberdi, M Teresa; Morales, Jorge

2018-05-31

The sequence of cheek teeth mineralization, eruption, and replacement of an extinct horse species is here documented with radiological techniques for the first time thanks to the exceptional preservation of Hipparion sp. mandibles from Cerro de los Batallones (Madrid Basin, Spain). The sequence of dental ontogeny in mammals provides valuable insights about life history traits, such as the pace of growth, and about the mode of formation of fossiliferous assemblages. We have determined that the order of permanent cheek teeth mineralization and eruption of hipparionine horses is m1, m2, (p2, p3), p4, m3. Cheek teeth mineralization timing of hipparionine horses coincides with the one observed in modern equids. In turn, there are differences in the eruption timing of the p4 and m3 between horses belonging to the Anchitheriinae and Hipparionini compared to equids of the Equus genus that might be related to the shorter durability of the deciduous tooth dp4 in anchitheriine and hipparionine horses and, more broadly, to an increased durability of equid teeth through their evolutionary history. Based on the dental eruption sequence, hipparionine horses are slow-growing, long-living mammals. The Hipparion sp. assemblage from Batallones-10 conforms to an attritional model, as individuals more vulnerable to natural mortality predominate.

Comparing diet, oral hygiene and caries status of adult methamphetamine users and nonusers: a pilot study.

PubMed

Morio, Kimberly A; Marshall, Teresa A; Qian, Fang; Morgan, Teresa A

2008-02-01

Methamphetamine users are reported to have marginal dietary habits and high caries rates. The authors compared retrospective dietary patterns, oral hygiene behaviors and current oral health status of methamphetamine users and nonusers in a pilot study. Eighteen adults with a history of methamphetamine use (methamphetamine users) and 18 age- and sex-matched control subjects (nonusers) completed retrospective questionnaires concerning meal patterns, food group intakes, beverage habits, oral hygiene behaviors, smoking behaviors and drug use. The authors performed oral examinations to identify the number of remaining teeth, the number of teeth with obvious decay and presence of visible plaque. Methamphetamine users were more likely to snack without eating defined meals (P = .026), consume regular soda pop (that is, carbonated beverage with sugar) (P = .018), never brush their teeth (P < .001) and smoke (P < .001) than were nonusers. Users had more visible plaque (P < .001), fewer molars (P = .001) and more decay on anterior teeth (P < .001), premolars (P < .001) and molars (P < .001) than did nonusers. The results of this pilot study are consistent with anecdotal reports; methamphetamine users have more gross caries than do nonusers. Marginal dietary and oral hygiene behaviors associated with methamphetamine use likely increase caries risk. Patients at risk or suspected of using methamphetamine require detailed oral hygiene instruction and extensive dietary counseling.

Fractographic Analysis of a Split Tooth Presenting Radiographically as a Horizontal Root Fracture in an Unrestored Mandibular Second Molar.

PubMed

Krishnan, Unni; Moule, Alex; Michael, Shaji; Swain, Michael

2018-02-01

Spontaneously catastrophic fracture of intact unrestored molar teeth is not common. Nevertheless, cracks do occur that progress apically, resulting in the complete splitting of the tooth and root. This report describes a catastrophic fracture that occurred in an unrestored mandibular second molar resulting in a previously unreported combination of a longitudinal and horizontal root fracture, appearing radiographically as a single horizontal root fracture. Tooth fragments were examined clinically, stereoscopically, and by scanning electron microscopy. Fractographic analysis was used to investigate the dynamics involved in fracture initiation, structural resistances encountered during progression of the fracture, and reasons for direction changes culminating in the unusual radiographic appearance. The uniqueness of this report is that it describes fractographic evidence of factors contributing to the initiation and progression of an in vivo crack. It shows fracture markings that are evidence of the energy dissipation mechanisms. The topographic location of these markings confirmed that cracks occur in vivo in stages with different rates of progression. This analysis helps to explain why split teeth are uncommon and highlights some of the multitude of factors that have to coincide for a tooth to catastrophically fracture. The report describes the mechanism of fracture and should stimulate clinicians and researchers to investigate cracking of teeth by undertaking fractographic analysis of extracted cracked teeth. Copyright © 2017 American Association of Endodontists. All rights reserved.

Teaching an engine-driven preparation technique to undergraduates: initial observations.

PubMed

Hänni, S; Schönenberger, K; Peters, O A; Barbakow, F

2003-07-01

This paper describes the initial experiences following the introduction of a rotary engine-driven preparation technique into the undergraduate endodontic programme at the Zurich University Dental Centre. Forty third-year students practised the ProFile.04 (PF.04) technique between January and July 2001 in a preclinical course. Between November 2001 and February 2002, 20 of these students (Group A) root-treated 51 teeth in their clinical course using either PF.04, the balanced force technique (BFT) or a combination of both. The second group of 20 students (Group B) similarly treated another 36 randomly selected teeth between April and July 2002. Types of teeth treated by the students and the canal preparation techniques were recorded. The students also completed a short questionnaire, evaluating their opinions of the new course. Of the 87 teeth endodontically treated during the clinical course, 34, 14 and 39 were shaped using PF.04 alone, a combination of PF.04 and BFT and BFT alone, respectively. No rotary instruments were fractured during the 1-year clinical course, although some instruments were fractured during the preclinical laboratory course. Overall, the students rated the rotary technique as positive. A rotary technique was successfully introduced into an undergraduate endodontic programme (this will be continued in the foreseeable future). However, the continuity between the preclinical and the clinical courses was poor as a result of the constraints of the general teaching programme.

The relationship between dental aesthetic index (DAI) and perceptions of aesthetics, function and speech amongst secondary school children in Ibadan, Nigeria.

PubMed

Onyeaso, C O; Aderinokun, G A

2003-09-01

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between a professionally derived index, the Dental Aesthetic Index, and some indications for orthodontic treatment as perceived by potential patients. An epidemiological survey of 614 secondary school students, 327 males (53.3%) and 287 females (46.7%) was carried out in Ibadan, Nigeria. Children aged 12-18 years (mean age, 14.9+/-2.9 SD) were randomly selected, none of them had received previous orthodontic treatment. One examiner assessed the students using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Subjects were also asked to complete a questionnaire consisting of three questions concerning appearance, function, and speech, using a 5-point Likert scale. Weak but statistically significant correlations were found for subjective assessments of appearance of teeth and the DAI (r=0.174; P<0.01) and between biting/chewing and appearance of teeth (r=0.095; P<0.05). Statistically significant correlations were found between appearance of teeth and speech (r=0.148; P<0.01) and biting/chewing and speech. The last showed the strongest correlation (r=0.268; P<0.01). The study has shown weak but significant correlation between DAI and children's perceptions of the appearance of their teeth. We recommend further study involving both DAI and Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) for comparison in the Nigerian population.

Does Timing of Eruption in First Primary Tooth Correlate with that of First Permanent Tooth? A 9-years Cohort Study

PubMed Central

Poureslami, Hamidreza; Asl Aminabadi, Naser; Sighari Deljavan, Alireza; Erfanparast, Leila; Sohrabi, Azin; Jamali, Zahra; Ghertasi Oskouei, Sina; Hazem, Kameliya; Shirazi, Sajjad

2015-01-01

Background and aims. Predicting the teeth eruption time is a valuable tool in pediatric dentistry since it can affects scheduling dental and orthodontic treatments. This study investigated the relationship between the eruption time of first primary and permanent teeth and the variation in the eruption time considering socioeconomic status (SES) in a 9-year population- based cohort study. Materials and methods. 307 subjects were examined at bimonthly intervals during the first and second years of life and then at six-month intervals until the eruption of first permanent tooth. Eruption times of primary and permanent tooth were recorded for each child. A modified form of Kuppuswamy’s scale was used to assess the SES. Results. Among 267 subjects completed all follow-ups, the eruption time for first primary and permanent teeth indicated a direct strong correlation; in that one month delayed or early eruption of firstprimary tooth resulted in 4.21 months delayed or early eruption of first appearing permanent tooth (r = 0.91, n = 267, P <0.001). No significant correlation was observed between the eruption time of first primary and first permanent teeth and SES (P = 0.67, P = 0.75, respectively). Conclusion. The eruption timing for the first primary tooth had a correlation with the first permanent tooth eruption tim-ing, while SES did not have any influence on eruption times. PMID:26236432

Assessment of parental tooth-brushing following instruction with single-headed and triple-headed toothbrushes.

PubMed

Telishevesky, Yoel S; Levin, Liran; Ashkenazi, Malka

2012-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of toothbrush design on the ability of parents to effectively brush their children's teeth. Parents of children (mean age=5.1±0.75 years old) from 4 kindergarten schools were randomly assigned to receive instruction in brushing their children's teeth using a manual single-headed toothbrush (2 schools) or a triple-headed toothbrush (2 schools). The parents' ability to brush their children's teeth was evaluated according to a novel toothbrush performing skill index (Ashkenazi Index), based on 2 criteria: (1) placement of the toothbrush on each tooth segment to be brushed ("reach"); and (2) completion of enough strokes on each segment ("stay"). One month after instruction, tooth-brushing ability was re-evaluated and plaque index of the children's teeth was assessed. One month after instruction, parents using the triple-headed toothbrush received significantly higher scores on the tooth-brushing performance index (~86%), than did those in the single-headed group (~61%; P=.001). The plaque index was significantly higher in the single-headed group (0.97±0.38) vs the triple-headed group (0.72±0.29; P<.01). The tooth-brushing performance index correlated negatively with the plaque index (P<.01). A triple-headed toothbrush promotes more consistent tooth-brushing by parents than does a single-headed toothbrush.

Delayed orthodontic extrusion of a traumatically intruded immature upper permanent incisor - a case report.

PubMed

Umesan, Uday Kumar; Chua, Kui Lay; Kok, Ei Chuen

2014-10-01

Dental injuries are probably the most common orofacial injuries sustained during sports and play. Intrusion or intrusive luxations occur when the teeth are driven into the alveolus by an axially directed impact. This article describes the clinical case of an 8-year-old patient who suffered complete intrusive luxation of an immature permanent central incisor following an accident. An attempt at spontaneous re-eruption failed to facilitate re-emergence of the tooth beyond 2 mm. The recommended wait-and-see strategy in anticipation of spontaneous re-eruption should cease to be an option when no further elongation can be observed. Orthodontic extrusion or surgical re-positioning is a valid treatment alternative when the former fails. In this case, although the recommended time period for effecting orthodontic extrusion had elapsed, this procedure was undertaken successfully presumably owing to the application of controlled, biologically optimal forces. A review of the extruded tooth a year later revealed no clinical or radiographic signs of loss of vitality. This was confirmed radiographically by the completion of root development, an intact lamina dura and no evident signs of resorption. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

A simplified computer solution for the flexibility matrix of contacting teeth for spiral bevel gears

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hsu, C. Y.; Cheng, H. S.

1987-01-01

A computer code, FLEXM, was developed to calculate the flexibility matrices of contacting teeth for spiral bevel gears using a simplified analysis based on the elementary beam theory for the deformation of gear and shaft. The simplified theory requires a computer time at least one order of magnitude less than that needed for the complete finite element method analysis reported earlier by H. Chao, and it is much easier to apply for different gear and shaft geometries. Results were obtained for a set of spiral bevel gears. The teeth deflections due to torsion, bending moment, shearing strain and axial force were found to be in the order 10(-5), 10(-6), 10(-7), and 10(-8) respectively. Thus, the torsional deformation was the most predominant factor. In the analysis of dynamic load, response frequencies were found to be larger when the mass or moment of inertia was smaller or the stiffness was larger. The change in damping coefficient had little influence on the resonance frequency, but has a marked influence on the dynamic load at the resonant frequencies.

INVESTIGATING THE MANAGEMENT OF CARIOUS PRIMARY TEETH IN GENERAL DENTAL PRACTICE: AN OVERVIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND CONDUCT OF THE FICTION TRIAL.

PubMed

Stewart, Matthew; Keightley, Alexander; Maguire, Anne; Chadwick, Barbara; Vale, Luke; Homer, Tara; Douglas, Gail; Deery, Chris; Marshman, Zoe; Ryan, Vicky; Innes, Nicola

2015-11-01

The management of carious primary teeth is a challenge for patients, parents and clinicians. Most evidence supporting different management strategies originates from a specialist setting and therefore its relevance to the primary care setting is questionable. The UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) has commissioned the FiCTION (Filling Children's Teeth: Indicated Or Not?) trial; a multi-centre primary dental care randomised controlled trial (RCT) to determine the most clinically and cost- effective approach to managing caries in the primary dentition in the UK. This large trial began in 2012, is due to be completed in late 2017 and involves 72 practices and 1,124 children initially aged three to seven years with dentine caries, following randomisation to one of three caries management strategies. Clinical, radiographic, quality of life, treatment acceptability and health economics data are collected during the three-year follow up period. This article provides an overview of the development and conduct of FiCTION and discusses some approaches adopted to manage challenges and achieve the patient recruitment target.

Influence of Propolis on Hygiene, Gingival Condition, and Oral Microflora in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate Treated with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

PubMed Central

Machorowska-Pieniążek, Agnieszka; Morawiec, Tadeusz; Tanasiewicz, Marta; Król, Wojciech

2013-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of 3% ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) on hygiene, gingival and microbiological status of oral cavity in patients with cleft lip and palate treated with fixed orthodontic appliances. The study included forty-one nonsyndromic complete unilateral of bilateral cleft lip and palate subjects with fixed appliance on at least 10 teeth. Twenty-one subjects were instructed to brush their teeth three times a day using toothpaste with propolis. Control group included twenty subjects who were asked to brush their teeth three times a day using a toothpaste without propolis. API, OPI, GI, and supragingival bacterial plaque were taken from each subject twice: baseline and after using the toothpaste for 35 days. The final examinations showed statistically significant decrease in OPI, GI, and the percentage of the Actinomyces spp. and Capnocytophaga spp. compared with baseline in propolis group subjects. The improvement in oral health in these patients confirms antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative properties of propolis. PMID:23762106

Dental histology of Coelophysis bauri and the evolution of tooth attachment tissues in early dinosaurs.

PubMed

Fong, Raymond K M; LeBlanc, Aaron R H; Berman, David S; Reisz, Robert R

2016-07-01

Studies of dinosaur teeth have focused primarily on external crown morphology and thus, use shed or in situ tooth crowns, and are limited to the enamel and dentine dental tissues. As a result, the full suites of periodontal tissues that attach teeth to the jaws remain poorly documented, particularly in early dinosaurs. These tissues are an integral part of the tooth and thus essential to a more complete understanding of dental anatomy, development, and evolution in dinosaurs. To identify the tooth attachment tissues in early dinosaurs, histological thin sections were prepared from the maxilla and dentary of a partial skull of the early theropod Coelophysis bauri from the Upper Triassic (Rhaetian- 209-201 Ma) Whitaker Quarry, New Mexico, USA. As one of the phylogenetically and geologically oldest dinosaurs, it is an ideal candidate for examining dental tissues near the base of the dinosaurian clade. The teeth of C. bauri exhibited a fibrous tooth attachment in which the teeth possessed five tissues: enamel, dentine, cementum, periodontal ligament (PDL), and alveolar bone. Our findings, coupled with those of more recent studies of ornithischian teeth, indicate that a tripartite periodontium, similar to that of crocodilians and mammals, is the plesiomorphic condition for dinosaurs. The occurrence of a tripartite periodontium in dinosaurs adds to the growing consensus that the presence of these tissues is the plesiomorphic condition for the major amniote clades. Furthermore, this study establishes the relative timing of tissue development and growth directions of periodontal tissues and provides the first comparative framework for future studies of dinosaur periodontal development, tooth replacement, and histology. J. Morphol. 277:916-924, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Analysis of C-shaped canal systems in mandibular second molars using surgical operating microscope and cone beam computed tomography: A clinical approach.

PubMed

Chhabra, Sanjay; Yadav, Seema; Talwar, Sangeeta

2014-05-01

The study was aimed to acquire better understanding of C-shaped canal systems in mandibular second molar teeth through a clinical approach using sophisticated techniques such as surgical operating microscope and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). A total of 42 extracted mandibular second molar teeth with fused roots and longitudinal grooves were collected randomly from native Indian population. Pulp chamber floors of all specimens were examined under surgical operating microscope and classified into four types (Min's method). Subsequently, samples were subjected to CBCT scan after insertion of K-files size #10 or 15 into each canal orifice and evaluated using the cross-sectional and 3-dimensional images in consultation with dental radiologist so as to obtain more accurate results. Minimum distance between the external root surface on the groove and initial file placed in the canal was also measured at different levels and statistically analyzed. Out of 42 teeth, maximum number of samples (15) belonged to Type-II category. A total of 100 files were inserted in 86 orifices of various types of specimens. Evaluation of the CBCT scan images of the teeth revealed that a total of 21 canals were missing completely or partially at different levels. The mean values for the minimum thickness were highest at coronal followed by middle and apical third levels in all the categories. Lowest values were obtained for teeth with Type-III category at all three levels. The present study revealed anatomical variations of C-shaped canal system in mandibular second molars. The prognosis of such complex canal anatomies can be improved by simultaneous employment of modern techniques such as surgical operating microscope and CBCT.

[Preliminary evaluation of clinical effect of computer aided design and computer aided manufacture zirconia crown].

PubMed

Wang, Yu-guang; Xing, Yan-xi; Sun, Yu-chun; Zhao, Yi-jiao; Lü, Pei-jun; Wang, Yong

2013-06-01

To evaluate clinical effects of computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) milled zirconia crown in three aspects: aesthetic, contact wear and fracture. Sixty patients were divided into two groups.In one group, 35 full contour CAD/CAM zirconia crown were made on molars of 30 patients. The manufacturing process of zirconia crown was as follow. First, the three dimensional(3-D) data of working models, antagonist impression and check records were acquired by 3-D laser scanning Dental wings S50. Then full contour zirconia crowns, which had functional occlusal contacts with antagonistic teeth, and appropriate contact with adjacent teeth were designed with Zeno-CAD(V4.2.5.5.12919) software. ZENOSTAR Zr pure zirconia material was milled in digital controlled machine WIELAND 4030 M1.In the end, the zirconia crown were completed with the method of second sintering and polishing. After clinical try-in, the crown was cemented.In the control group, thirty gold alloy full crown were made and cemented on molars of 30 patients. According to the modified U S Public Health Service Criteria(USPHS) evaluation standard, all crowns were evaluated on the same day, at three months, half a year, one year and two years following delivery. There were three aspects we were focusing on in the evaluation: aesthetic, contact wear(restoration and antagonist), and fracture. In all the prosthesis we evaluated during the 24 months, no fracture was found. Contact wear of crowns varies according to different antagonist teeth. The zirconia crowns show privilege in aesthesis, toughness and anti-wearing.However, there is contact wear on antagonistic natural teeth. Thus it is a good choice when full zirconia crowns are indicated on two antagonistic teeth in both jaws.

[A preliminary study on the color effect of IPS Empress all-ceramic veneers].

PubMed

Li, Zhi-yong; Cheng, Xiang-rong; Wang, Yi-ning

2004-09-01

To evaluate the opaquing capacity, color compatibility and stability of IPS Empress all-ceramic veneers. A total of 86 IPS Empress all-ceramic veneers were made for 18 patients. The patients were divided into three groups: Group A was tetracycline teeth, 64 veneers for 5 patients; Group B was non-tetracycline teeth, 22 veneers for 13 patients; Group C was 22 natural vital teeth with normal color as control group. Before and after veneers were inserted, ShadeEye NCC was employed to obtain L * a * b * values of each tooth. The values of cemented veneers used as the baseline, the L * a * b * values of each veneer were measured half a year, 1 year, and 2 years after restoration respectively. All L * a * b * values at different evaluation times were analyzed by SPSS 10.0. Before and after veneers were restored, the L * a * b * values of both Group A and Group B were significantly different, the color difference being 5.01 and 4.15 respectively. The color difference between Group A and selected shade guides was 2.45. Compared with the baseline value, the L * value of Group A significantly decreased 2 years after restoration, but the DeltaE of different evaluation times was not significantly different. The color difference between Group B and Group C was 0.22 and there was no significant color difference after restoration. IPS Empress all-ceramic veneers have excellent opaquing capacity, color compatibility and stability to non-tetracycline teeth. To tetracycline teeth IPS Empress all-ceramic veneers have a certain opaquing capacity, but they cannot completely match with shade guides; the L * value is significantly different after restoration and further studies are needed to evaluate its color effect.

Odontoma: retrospective study and confocal laser scanning microscope analysis of 52 cases.

PubMed

Crincoli, V; Scivetti, M; Di Bisceglie, M B; Lucchese, A; Favia, G

2007-01-01

The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of 52 cases of odontoma treated at the Department of Dentistry and Surgery, University of Bari, in the period 1971-2005. The odontogenic tumors were diagnosed as complex or compound odontoma following histological analysis and clinical radiological examination, and applying the 2005 WHO classification. The data analysis was conducted by considering the following factors: gender, age, site of the lesion, association with impacted teeth, aplasia, presence of supernumerary teeth as well as preoperative diagnosis by panoramic and periapical radiographs. Biopsy tissue samples were conventionally processed for histopathologic paraffin embedding and then were observed by optical microscopy and subsequently by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) in autofluorescence. Thirty specimens (57.6%) were from females and 22 (42.3%) were from males patients. The patients' age ranged from 5 to 75 years. Fifty-one percent of the specimens were excised from the mandible. In the maxilla, the most common location for odontomas was the anterior region. Most odontomas were associated with impacted teeth and only in one case there was an odontoma instead of a permanent tooth. Odontomas are considered hamartomatous malformations whose diagnosis is generally formulated by routinary radiographic examination. The CLSM analysis could help in diagnosis and histopathological analysis showing well-defined follicular area entrapped in hard tissues and pointing out ghost cells, otherwise not identifiable by traditional microscopy.

A Comparison of Coronal Tooth Discoloration Elicited by Various Endodontic Reparative Materials

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-06-17

operating microscope at 12.8x magnification to be completely intact and free of restorations, cracks , and/or defects. Each tooth was stored separately in...microscope. The buccal enamel -dentin thickness was standardized to 3mm using spring calipers. Teeth were irrigated with 6% NaOCl and dried. All

Digitally Milled Metal Framework for Fixed Complete Denture with Metal Occlusal Surfaces: A Design Concept.

PubMed

AlBader, Bader; AlHelal, Abdulaziz; Proussaefs, Periklis; Garbacea, Antonela; Kattadiyil, Mathew T; Lozada, Jaime

Implant-supported fixed complete dentures, often referred to as hybrid prostheses, have been associated with high implant survival rates but also with a high incidence of mechanical prosthetic complications. The most frequent of these complications have been fracture and wear of the veneering material. The proposed design concept incorporates the occlusal surfaces of the posterior teeth as part of a digital milled metal framework by designing the posterior first molars in full contour as part of the framework. The framework can be designed, scanned, and milled from a titanium blank using a milling machine. Acrylic resin teeth can then be placed on the framework by conventional protocol. The metal occlusal surfaces of the titanium-countered molars will be at centric occlusion. It is hypothesized that metal occlusal surfaces in the posterior region may reduce occlusal wear in these types of prostheses. When the proposed design protocol is followed, the connection between the metal frame and the cantilever part of the prosthesis is reinforced, which may lead to fewer fractures of the metal framework.

Prognosis after treatment with multiple dental implants under general anesthesia and sedation in a cerebral palsy patient with mental retardation: A case report.

PubMed

Hong, Young-Joon; Dan, Jung-Bae; Kim, Myung-Jin; Kim, Hyun Jeong; Seo, Kwang-Suk

2017-06-01

Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive disorder resulting from central nervous system damage caused by multiple factors. Almost all cerebral palsy patients have a movement disorder that makes dental treatment difficult. Oral hygiene management is difficult and the risks for periodontitis, dental caries and loss of multiple teeth are high. Placement of dental implants for multiple missing teeth in cerebral palsy patients needs multiple rounds of general anesthesia, and the prognosis is poor despite the expense. Therefore, making the decision to perform multiple dental implant treatments on cerebral palsy patients is difficult. A 33-year-old female patient with cerebral palsy and mental retardation was scheduled for multiple implant treatments. She underwent computed tomography (CT) under sedation and the operation of nine dental implants under general anesthesia. Implant-supported fixed prosthesis treatment was completed. During follow-up, she had the anterior incisors extracted and underwent the surgery of 3 additional dental implants, completing the prosthetic treatment. Although oral parafunctions existed due to cerebral palsy, no implant failure was observed 9 years after the first implant surgery.

The Effect of Er:YAG Laser on Entroccocus faecalis Bacterium in the Pulpectomy of Anterior Primary Teeth

PubMed Central

Bahrololoomi, Zahra; Poursina, Farkhondeh; Birang, Reza; Foroughi, Elnaz; Yousefshahi, Hazhir

2017-01-01

Introduction: Successful root canal therapy depends on the complete elimination of microorganisms such as Entroccocus faecalis, which is impossible to achieve with the traditional methods. Lasers are recently introduced as a new method to solve the problem. The present study is planned and performed to examining the antibacterial effect of Er: YAG laser. Methods: Sixty extracted anterior primary teeth were prepared and sterilized. E. faecalis bacterium was cultured in canals. Samples were randomly divided into two groups. The first group was disinfected by NaOCl 5/25% and Er: YAG laser and the second group just by NaOCl 5/25%. Samples of canal contents were cultured and colony counts were calculated. The results were analyzed statistically by SPSS software and Mann Whitney test. Results: There was no significant difference between colony counts in both groups (P=0.142). But the number of colonies in the first group was lower than in the second group. Conclusion: Although, Er: YAG laser cannot completely eliminate E. faecalis bacterium, its simultaneous use with NaOCl decreases E. faecalis. PMID:29071021

The Effect of Er:YAG Laser on Entroccocus faecalis Bacterium in the Pulpectomy of Anterior Primary Teeth.

PubMed

Bahrololoomi, Zahra; Poursina, Farkhondeh; Birang, Reza; Foroughi, Elnaz; Yousefshahi, Hazhir

2017-01-01

Introduction: Successful root canal therapy depends on the complete elimination of microorganisms such as Entroccocus faecalis , which is impossible to achieve with the traditional methods. Lasers are recently introduced as a new method to solve the problem. The present study is planned and performed to examining the antibacterial effect of Er: YAG laser. Methods: Sixty extracted anterior primary teeth were prepared and sterilized. E. faecalis bacterium was cultured in canals. Samples were randomly divided into two groups. The first group was disinfected by NaOCl 5/25% and Er: YAG laser and the second group just by NaOCl 5/25%. Samples of canal contents were cultured and colony counts were calculated. The results were analyzed statistically by SPSS software and Mann Whitney test. Results: There was no significant difference between colony counts in both groups ( P =0.142). But the number of colonies in the first group was lower than in the second group. Conclusion: Although, Er: YAG laser cannot completely eliminate E. faecalis bacterium, its simultaneous use with NaOCl decreases E. faecalis .

[Prevalence of dental caries in school milieu in the northwest of Côte d'Ivoire].

PubMed

Yao, K J; N'Da, N A; Koffi, N M

2001-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of tooth decay and its correlation with dental care habits in northwestern Ivory Coast. Study was carried out in primary schools in the city of Odienne in January 1999. The study cohort comprised 500 students of both genders ranging in age from 4 to 15 years. The prevalence of tooth decay was 77.2% and the mean CAO index was 2.43. Dental care involved use of a chewing stick in 49% and a tooth brush in 50.8%. Only 5.6% of children cleaned their teeth three-times a day on a regular basis. Statistical analysis of study data demonstrated a correlation between the frequency of tooth cleaning and incidence of tooth decay. The incidence of tooth decay was 60.7% in students that cleaned their teeth three times a day versus 78.2% in students who cleaned their teeth less regularly. An educational campaign has been undertaken to inform students of the importance of oral hygiene in maintaining healthy teeth. A dental examination program would be useful to provide routine check-ups. A group study will be needed to monitor oral hygiene in students and evaluate the impact of these measures on tooth decay.

Functional Impressions in Complete Denture and Overdenture Treatment

PubMed Central

Kršek, Hrvoje

2015-01-01

Tooth loss can cause loss of occlusal, masticatory, esthetic, physiognomic, phonetic and psychosocial function of patients. The most frequently used treatment method of completely edentulous patients and patients with a small number of remaining teeth are complete dentures or overdentures. One of the most important clinical and laboratory procedures in their fabrication is functional impression taking. The aim of this paper was to present procedures of taking functional impressions in fabrication of complete dentures and overdentures, using standardized techniques and materials. An accurate functional impression together with other correctly performed clinical and laboratory procedures ensure good retention and stability of dentures, which is a precondition for restoring patients’ lost functions. PMID:27688385

An evaluation of the position of the neutral zone in relation to the crest of mandibular alveolar ridge - An In-vivo study

PubMed Central

Bhorgonde, Deepak; Nandakumar, K; Khurana, Punit R S; Kumari, V Santoshi; Reddy, M Sushendar; Siddique, Sabin

2014-01-01

Background: In view of the importance of neutral zone in complete denture construction, it was thought feasible to determine the relation between the centre of the alveolar ridge crest in relation to the neutral zone in a buccolingual direction which will help in positioning of the teeth in a region of minimum conflict so that the stability of the denture is enhanced. Materials & Methods: The position of the neutral zone to alveolar ridge crest was investigated in 30 edentulous patients comprising of both males and females divided into three groups, Group I consisted of ten patients whose period of edentulousness varied from 0-4 years. Group II included ten patients who were edentulous for more than 4 years but less than 8 years. Group III consisted of ten patients whose period of edentulousness varied between 8-12 years. One-way ANOVA test and multiple comparisons by bonferroni post-hoc tests were used to analyze the results and the significance was tabulated. Results: The results of the present study state that the neutral zone serves as a guide and suggests that the period of edentulousness should be considered while arranging the teeth for complete dentures. Conclusion: The findings of the current study may serve as an important guide in arrangement of teeth for complete denture prosthesis and would help to determine the correlation between the neutral zone in relation to the crest of the alveolar ridge and the period of edentulousness. How to cite the article: Bhorgonde D, Nandakumar K, Khurana PR, Kumari VS, Reddy MS, Siddique S. An evaluation of the position of the neutral zone in relation to the crest of mandibular alveolar ridge - An In-vivo study. J Int Oral Health 2014;6(2):45-54. PMID:24876702

Effect of maintaining apical patency on endodontic pain in posterior teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis: a randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Arora, M; Sangwan, P; Tewari, S; Duhan, J

2016-04-01

To evaluate the association between apical patency and post-operative pain in posterior teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis. Sixty-eight patients requiring primary root canal treatment in mandibular first molars with necrotic pulps and apical periodontitis were included. The patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups: patency (n = 34) and nonpatency (n = 34). After administering local anaesthesia, root canal preparation was completed using ProTaper rotary instruments. A size 10 K-file was used as a patency file and carried 1 mm beyond the working length (WL) between each instrument change in the patency group, while it was carried up to WL in the nonpatency group. Patients were asked to record their pain experience on a pain chart daily for 7 days. Three patients (two in the patency group, one in the nonpatency group) did not return with completed pain charts on the subsequent visit, resulting in a total of 65 patients for the final analysis (patency, n = 32; nonpatency, n = 33). Data was analysed using Chi Square test, t-test, Mann-Whitney test and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test. Overall, 43% of the patients experienced post-operative pain. The patency group had less incidence of pain (34%) as compared to the nonpatency group (52%), but the difference was not significant (P = 0.163). Maintenance of apical patency during chemomechanical preparation had no significant influence on post-operative pain in posterior teeth with necrotic pulps and apical periodontitis. © 2015 International Endodontic Journal. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

The prevalence of premature loss of primary teeth and its impact on malocclusion in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

PubMed

Al-Shahrani, Nasser; Al-Amri, Abdulaziz; Hegazi, Fahad; Al-Rowis, Khalid; Al-Madani, Abdullah; Hassan, Khalid S

2015-01-01

The present study was designed to determine the prevalence of premature loss of primary teeth and its effect on malocclusion in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. This is an observational, cross-sectional study that included 307 male children aged 9-11 years old. Clinical examinations were performed using a disposable sharp explorer, a UNC periodontal probe and a dental mirror. The samples were examined clinically to detect the following traits: Angle's classification of malocclusion, overjet, overbite, anterior open-bite, lateral open-bite, midline shift and cross-bite. Additionally, a dental caries examination was performed using WHO methods. Questionnaires in Arabic were coded and sent to the students' parents. The mean DMFT was 5.61 (SD = 3.01). The d-component was the highest, with a mean of 4 (SD = 2.83). Of the 307 children, it was found that 204 (66.4%) had a high DMFT score, which is defined as a score above 4. It was found that 156/307 (51%) children had premature loss of deciduous teeth. A high prevalence of premature loss of teeth was found in this study. This finding emphasizes the importance of increasing awareness levels about this issue and focuses attention on the need for more preventive efforts to maintain healthy and normal dentitions that would improve the masticatory function and aesthetics of individuals and the whole population. In addition, the findings emphasize the importance of the early detection of premature loss of primary teeth to prevent future malocclusion.

An assessment of the impacts of child oral health in Indonesia and associations with self-esteem, school performance and perceived employability.

PubMed

Maharani, Diah Ayu; Adiatman, Melissa; Rahardjo, Anton; Burnside, Girvan; Pine, Cynthia

2017-03-21

Previous surveys have indicated that a majority of Indonesian children have poor oral health. However, little detailed information is available on underlying causation and none that examine impacts of oral health on child self-esteem, school performance and perceived employability. The aim of this study was to determine levels of child oral health in primary school children in Indonesia, the prevalence of key causal factors; and, to determine relationships between oral health, self-esteem and school academic performance. Cross-sectional epidemiological study in a sample (n = 984) of children aged 6-7 and 10-11 years old attending three public schools in Indonesia. A dental visual impact study was conducted, in which teachers reported their perceptions of the impact of child oral health on school academic performance. Oral health behaviors, self-esteem, and school performance were assessed. The children were clinically examined to measure dental caries and oral cleanliness. Teachers believe that children with visually poor oral health and impaired smiles are more likely to perform poorly at school, be socially excluded and have lower job prospects than their peers with visually good oral health and healthy smiles. The percentages of children with decayed teeth were 94 and 90% in the 6-7- and 10-11-year age groups, respectively. Families reported high levels of child consumption of sugar-containing foods and drinks; many had irregular use of fluoride toothpaste. Children with substantial plaque on their teeth achieved significantly lower levels of school performance than their peers with clean teeth. Significant associations were found between school performance and self-esteem for these children. The study findings highlight the need for preventive care programs to improve the oral health of children in Indonesia and prospective determination of associations between child oral health; self-esteem and school academic performance.

Laser vs bur for bone cutting in impacted mandibular third molar surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Passi, Deepak; Pal, Uma Shankar; Mohammad, Shadab; Singh, Rakesh Kumar; Mehrotra, Divya; Singh, Geeta; Kumar, Manoj; Chellappa, Arul A L; Gupta, Chandan

2013-01-01

The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of Er: YAG laser in bone cutting for removal of impacted lower third molar teeth and compare its outcomes with that of surgical bur. The study comprised 40 subjects requiring removal of impacted mandibular third molar, randomly categorized into two equal groups of 20 each, who had their impacted third molar removed either using Er: YAG laser or surgical bur as per their group, using standard methodology of extraction of impacted teeth. Clinical parameters like pain, bleeding, time taken for bone cutting, postoperative swelling, trismus, wound healing and complications were compared for both groups. Clinical parameters like pain, bleeding and swelling were lower in laser group than bur group, although the difference was statistically not significant. However, postoperative swelling showed significant difference in the two groups. Laser group required almost double the time taken for bone cutting with bur. Trismus persisted for a longer period in laser group. Wound healing and complications were assessed clinically and there was no significant difference in both the groups. Based on the results of our study, the possibility of bone cutting using lasers is pursued, the osteotomy is easily performed and the technique is better suited to minimally invasive surgical procedures. The use of Er: YAG laser may be considered as an alternative tool to surgical bur, specially in anxious patients.

Pattern of mandibular third molar impaction and its association to caries in mandibular second molar: A clinical variant.

PubMed

Prajapati, V K; Mitra, Ruchi; Vinayak, K M

2017-01-01

Caries in second molar is common and prophylactic removal of the impacted teeth may be considered appropriate. Caries detection and restoration can be difficult and a restored second molar can undergo recurrent caries if the third molar is not removed prophylactically. In this study, the clinical findings related to impaction and its association with angular position and depth of impacted third molar were evaluated. A retrospective descriptive study was carried out among the patients visiting the outpatient, department of Dentistry, RIMS, Ranchi. The clinical examination, periapical radiographs and Pre-op OPG were taken. Teeth positions were analyzed by Pell and Gregory and Winter classification. The angulation and depth of mandibular third molar impaction and caries in the second molar with the eruption status of the mandibular third molar was determined. A total of 200 patients were included in the study between age group 17-45 years. Majority of the Patients reported to the hospital with complaints of decayed tooth (66%) and pain (59%). The most common third molar impaction was mesioangular followed by distoangular. A statistically highly significant difference ( P = 0.001) was obtained with the presence of caries in second molar adjacent to mesioangular third molar in class I and level B. According to this study, pattern of mandibular third molar impaction is in association to caries in mandibular second molar. More future studies are needed. In addition, the results of the present study can be used to screen and inform the patients about the possibility of caries in relation to third molar mandibular impaction.

Malocclusion of teeth

MedlinePlus

Crowded teeth; Misaligned teeth; Crossbite; Overbite; Underbite; Open bite ... Occlusion refers to the alignment of teeth and the way that the upper and lower teeth fit together (bite). The upper teeth should fit slightly over the lower teeth. ...

Digital Thickness Measurement of a Transparent Plastic Orthodontic Device

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Yoon-Hwan; Rhim, Sung-Han

2018-05-01

A transparent orthodontic device is used to move the teeth to the final calibration position to form a proper set of teeth. Because the uniform thickness of the device plays an important role in tooth positioning, the accuracy of the device's thickness profile is important for effective orthodontic treatment. However, due to the complexity of the device's geometry and the transparency of the device's material, measuring the complete thickness profile has been difficult. In the present study, a new optical scanning method to measure the thickness profile of transparent plastic orthodontic devices is proposed and evaluated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The error of the new measurement method is less than ±18 μm. The new method can be used to measure the thickness of non-specific, multi-curved, transparent orthodontic devices.

First tooth-set outside the jaws in a vertebrate

PubMed Central

Finarelli, John A.; Coates, Michael I.

2012-01-01

Holocephalans (ratfish, rabbitfish and chimaeras) figure with increasing prominence in studies of gnathostome evolutionary biology. Here, we provide the first complete description of the teeth and toothplates of one of the earliest known holocephalans, Chondrenchelys problematica, including the first unambiguous evidence of a gnathostome with an extra-mandibular dentition. We further demonstrate that holocephalan toothplate ontogeny differs fundamentally from all other extant gnathostome examples, and show how the conjunction of these teeth and toothplates challenges the monophyly of an extinct chondrichthyan clade, the Petalodontiformes. Chondrenchelys provides a novel perspective on the evolution of dentitions in shark-like fishes, expands the known repertoire of gnathostome dental morphologies and offers a glimpse of radically new chondrichthyan ecomorphs, now lost from the modern biota, following the end-Devonian extinctions. PMID:21775333

Conservative Management of Central Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma.

PubMed

Gomes-Ferreira, Pedro Henrique Silva; Carrasco, Leandro Carlos; de Oliveira, Danila; Pereira, Járede Carvalho; Alcalde, Luis Fernando Azambuja; Faverani, Leonardo Perez

2017-01-01

Central cemento-ossifying fibroma is characterized by the combined production of osteoid and cementoid tissue. Radiographically, this lesion is presented as an outlined cortical and variable radiopaque spots, also can be present complete radiolucent or different degrees of radiopacity. The recommended treatment is curettage or enucleation, and the recurrence rate is less than 5%. Considering that surgical treatment is invasive, mainly in large lesions, this study aims to report a patient in whom conservative treatment was carried out by involving the preservation of teeth, with a long-term follow-up. A 48-year-old black female patient, diagnosed with central cemento-ossifying fibroma in mandible, treated conservatively and a 2 years of follow-up. It was concluded that the conservative treatment with a long term of follow-up for maintaining teeth was satisfactory.

Fusion of the 2nd maxillary molar with the impacted 3rd molar.

PubMed

Strecha, J; Jurkovic, R; Siebert, T

2012-01-01

Subject matter: The dentist has to deal with complicated cases of fused molars, which are rather rare and morphologically very varied. A wrong or incomplete diagnosis can considerably complicate a planned therapy. The authors describe a case of apical periodontal complication of fused teeth that had to be removed surgically. The upper 2nd molar fused with the impacted 3rd molar and was diagnosed for extraction. Even a careful diagnostic procedure and X-ray image sometimes may not indicate the exact location and mutual position of the fused teeth. The authors make us aware of the possible occurrence of fused roots, and the necessity to inform the patient ahead of time about the course of endodontic or surgical interventions, possible complications and their removal. They describe the positive influence of PRP (platelet rich plasma) in wound healing. In order to establish the exact indication and therapy, they emphasize the importance of using CT imaging diagnostics or a 3D-CT examination (Fig. 7, Ref. 15).

"Redefining smile-a multidisciplinary approach".

PubMed

Manne, Prakash; Zakkula, Srujana; Atla, Jyothi; Muvva, Suresh Babu; Sampath, Anche

2013-07-01

This article presents a case report of a 20 year old female who was very much dissatisfied with her facial appearance and smile.On examination, it was found that there was a Angles class II division 1 malocclusion and a generalised spacing in the anterior teeth, with a retained, deciduous, left maxillary canine and a malposed 15. On radiographic examination, an impacted 18, 23 was noticed. As the part of the treatment plan, the retained deciduous canine and the impacted permanent canine were extracted and an orthodontic correction of the malocclusion was accomplished. The missing canine was planned to be replaced with a fixed partial denture.The short clinical crown height of the abutment teeth was increased by crown lengthening procedures and the pontic space was contoured to receive a ovate pontic by using diode lasers. The missing tooth was restored by using an all ceramic three unit zirconia bridge. This multi-disciplinary approach improved the smile of the patient and it ultimately enhanced her aesthetics and self confidence.

“Redefining Smile-A Multidisciplinary Approach”

PubMed Central

Manne, Prakash; Zakkula, Srujana; Atla, Jyothi; Muvva, Suresh Babu; Sampath, Anche

2013-01-01

This article presents a case report of a 20 year old female who was very much dissatisfied with her facial appearance and smile.On examination, it was found that there was a Angles class II division 1 malocclusion and a generalised spacing in the anterior teeth, with a retained, deciduous, left maxillary canine and a malposed 15. On radiographic examination, an impacted 18, 23 was noticed. As the part of the treatment plan, the retained deciduous canine and the impacted permanent canine were extracted and an orthodontic correction of the malocclusion was accomplished. The missing canine was planned to be replaced with a fixed partial denture.The short clinical crown height of the abutment teeth was increased by crown lengthening procedures and the pontic space was contoured to receive a ovate pontic by using diode lasers. The missing tooth was restored by using an all ceramic three unit zirconia bridge. This multi–disciplinary approach improved the smile of the patient and it ultimately enhanced her aesthetics and self confidence. PMID:23998114

Perception of orthodontic treatment need in children and adolescents.

PubMed

Spalj, Stjepan; Slaj, Martina; Varga, Suzana; Strujic, Mihovil; Slaj, Mladen

2010-08-01

Patients' and parents' perception of malocclusion are important in determining orthodontic treatment demand, motivation, and cooperation. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in perception of treatment need in currently orthodontically treated, previously treated, and untreated subjects. The sample comprised 3196 children and adolescents (1593 males and 1603 females) aged 8-19 years (mean age 13.0 +/- 3.6 years) from 24 randomly selected public schools in Zagreb, Croatia. Objective treatment need was assessed clinically using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Subjective treatment need was estimated separately by an orthodontic resident, the child/adolescent and his/her parent using the Standardized Continuum of Aesthetic Need (SCAN) procedure. The children/adolescents completed a questionnaire that had five questions with five-point Likert-type scale answers concerning satisfaction with dental appearance, importance of teeth for facial appearance, and malocclusion-related quality of life. Spearman correlation and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Associations between objective and subjective orthodontic treatment need were weak but statistically significant (Rho from 0.20 to 0.50; P < 0.05). Malocclusion-related quality of life was poorly associated with treatment need. Satisfaction with tooth appearance showed the most frequent statistically significant correlation (Rho from -0.14 to -0.35; P < 0.05), while importance of aligned teeth for facial appearance and social contacts had the weakest correlation with treatment need. Perception of treatment need was greater in previously treated subjects. Parents' perception had a low predictive value. The findings of this study show that malocclusion has more impact on emotional well-being than on function or social contacts.

Investigation of tooth transposition in a non-syndromic Turkish anatolian population: characteristic features and associated dental anomalies.

PubMed

Celikoglu, Mevlut; Miloglu, Ozkan; Oztek, Ozkan

2010-09-01

The aims of this study were to investigate the frequency and characteristics of dental transpositions and to evaluate associated dental anomalies in a large sample of Turkish Anatolian population. A retrospective study was performed using panoramic radiographs of 6983 patients (4092 females and 2891 males) ranging in age from 12 to 27 subjected to Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Ataturk (Erzurum, Turkey) between 2005 and 2008. For each patient with tooth transposition we recorded the demographic variables (including age, sex), history of trauma, type, classification, and location of tooth transpositions, and associated dental anomalies. The Pearson chi-squared test was used to determine potential differences in the distribution of tooth transposition when stratified by gender. Tooth transposition was detected in 19 subjects (0.27%), with a 2.2:1 female male ratio (P=0.38). The most commonly observed transposition was maxillary canine-lateral incisor (60%). The frequencies of complete and incomplete transpositions were equal (10/10) and it was more common in the left side than in the right side (11/9). Of the 19 subjects, 10.5% had a peg shaped lateral incisor, 21.1% one congenitally missing tooth excluding third molar. Supernumerary tooth, impacted teeth excluding third molars, transmigrated tooth, and dilacerations were also observed. The frequency of tooth transposition was 0.27% in a Turkish Anatolian population and maxillary canine-lateral incisor was the most frequently observed transposition. Retained primary teeth were the most frequently observed dental anomaly in all types of tooth transposition.

Surgical extractions for periodontal disease in a Western Lowland gorilla.

PubMed

Huff, John F

2010-01-01

This case report describes surgical exraction of multiple premolar and molar teeth in a Western Lowland gorilla. Postoperative photographs and radiographs indicated complete healing of the extraction sites. This case report includes a review of gorilla dental anatomy, oral disease in primates, pathogenesis of periodontal disease, predisposing factors to periodontal disease, and principles of surgical tooth extraction.

Impact of dental caries on quality of life among preschool children: emphasis on the type of tooth and stages of progression.

PubMed

Ramos-Jorge, Joana; Alencar, Bruna Mota; Pordeus, Isabela Almeida; Soares, Maria Eliza da Consolação; Marques, Leandro Silva; Ramos-Jorge, Maria Letícia; Paiva, Saul Martins

2015-04-01

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the impact of dental caries on the quality of life of preschool children and their parents/caretakers, with an emphasis on the type of tooth and stage of progression. A randomly selected sample of preschool children, 3-5 yrs of age, underwent an oral examination for the assessment of dental caries using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System II (ICDAS II) criteria. Parents/caretakers answered two questionnaires, one on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of the child [the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS)], and the other on the socio-economic characteristics of the family. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Poisson regression. A total of 451 preschool children participated in the study. The majority of carious lesions exhibited severe decay (60.6%) and were found in both anterior (incisors/canines) and posterior (molars) teeth. The final Poisson model revealed negative impacts on quality of life from more advanced stages of dental caries, both in incisors/canines and molars. Child's age and household income were also associated with impact on quality of life. Carious lesions in more advanced stages of progression in anterior and posterior teeth were associated with a negative impact on the quality of life of preschool children. © 2014 Eur J Oral Sci.

Tooth-borne distraction of the lower anterior subapical segment for correction of class II malocclusion, subsequent to genioplasty.

PubMed

Matsushita, Kazuhiro; Inoue, Nobuo; Yamaguchi, Hiro-o; Ooi, Kazuhiro; Totsuka, Yasunori

2011-09-01

Alveolar distraction is mainly used to increase height and width of the alveolar crest. This technique, however, is not typically used for lengthening the perimeter of the dental arch or improving teeth axes. We applied alveolar distraction in a tooth-borne manner in the second stage of our original method and obtained favorable results. We therefore present an outline of this method. Genioplasty was first performed to create an infrastructure for sequential advancement of the subapical alveolar segment. After bone union, anterior subapical alveolar osteotomy was performed. The stump of the osteotomized dentate segment was moved forward without changing the incisal edge position, and a box-type bioabsorbable plate with four holes was fixed only onto the dentate segment using two screws. After a latency period, two distraction devices were placed bilaterally to the brackets and activated at 1.0 mm/day. After reaching the desired position, the distractor was immobilized, and then replaced by resin temporary teeth to retain the created space. After the consolidation period, orthodontic treatment was restarted and teeth moved into the newly created space. Bimaxillary surgery was performed after completing pre-surgical orthodontic treatment. Finally, both desirable occlusion and functional masticatory function were obtained. This tooth-borne distraction system is one applicable method for patients with skeletal class II and crowding of lower anterior teeth, achieving good results particularly in combination with our original method.

A scanning electron microscopic study to evaluate the efficacy of NaviTip FX in removing the canal debris during root canal preparation: an in vitro study.

PubMed

Chandra, Vinay; Gandi, Padma; Shivanna, Anil Kumar; Srinivas, Siva; Himgiri, S; Nischith, K G

2013-07-01

To evaluate the efficacy of NaviTip FX in removing the canal debris during root canal preparation using scanning electron microscopic study. Thirty single rooted teeth with completely formed apices were used in this study. Standard endodontic access cavity preparations were performed. Then the teeth were randomly divided into two groups: groups 1 and 2 of 15 teeth each group. For group 1, NaviTip FX (brush covered needle) was used to irrigate the canal with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite after each instrument use. For group 2, NaviTip (brushless needle) was used for irrigation following each instrument use. ProTaper rotary files were used for the canal preparation. The teeth were then cleaned and dried before splitting them into two halves. The half with most visible part of the apex was used for scanning electron microscopic evaluation. The results were statistically analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test at significance level p < 0.005. The mean values for coronal and middle third of group 1 showed lower debris scores than group 2 and this difference was statistically significant at a p-value 0.01 and 0.05 respectively, but no significance difference between them at the apical third at a p-value of < 0.05. The NaviTip FX (brush covered needle) showed effectively better canal wall debris removal than the NaviTip (brushless needle).

Comparison of fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth with an open apex using Biodentine and composite resin: An in vitro study.

PubMed

Zhabuawala, Murtuza Saifuddin; Nadig, Roopa R; Pai, Veena S; Gowda, Yashwanth

2016-01-01

To evaluate the fracture resistance in simulated immature teeth that had been backfilled using composite resin and Biodentine after using Biodentine as an apical plug material immediately and after 3 months of aging. Sixty extracted human maxillary central incisors were simulated in an immature open apex. The roots of all the specimens were then standardized to a length of 10 mm and canals were instrumented to obtain the radicular dentin thickness around 1.5 mm. All the specimens were then randomly divided into three groups of twenty teeth each. Group I (control) - 4 mm apical plug of Biodentine backfilled with thermoplasticized gutta-percha. Group II - 4 mm apical plug of Biodentine and then backfilled with ParaCore. Group III - completely filled with Biodentine. Ten samples from each group were randomly divided into two subgroups. In subgroup A: Specimens were stored for 1 week. In subgroup B: Specimens were stored in phosphate-buffered saline solution for 3 months and were subjected to universal testing machine. Statistical analysis was done using one-way analysis. No significant difference in fracture resistance between the groups was observed when tested immediately. After 3 months of aging, only Biodentine group showed a significant reduction in fracture resistance without significant reduction with other two groups. Biodentine group has shown a drastic reduction in fracture resistance after 3 months of aging, and hence cannot be recommended as a reinforcement material in immature teeth with thin dentin walls.

Dental health between self-perception, clinical evaluation and body image dissatisfaction - a cross-sectional study in mixed dentition pre-pubertal children.

PubMed

Banu, Ancuta; Șerban, Costela; Pricop, Marius; Urechescu, Horatiu; Vlaicu, Brigitha

2018-05-03

Self-perception of oral health status is a multidimensional construct that includes psychological, psychosocial and functional aspects of oral health. Contemporary concepts suggest that the evaluation of health needs should focus on clinical standards and socio-dental indicators that measure the impact of health/disease on the individual quality of life. Oral health cannot be dissociated from general health. This study evaluates a possible association between oral health status, body size, self-perception of oral health, self-perception of body size and dissatisfaction with body image in prepubertal children with mixed dentition, targeting the completion of children's health status assessment which will further allow the identification of individuals at risk and could be further used as an evaluation of the need for specific interventions. The present study is cross-sectional in design and uses data from 710 pre-pubertal children with mixed dentition. The outcome variables comprised one item self-perception of oral health: dmft/DMFT Index and Dental Aesthetic Index, body size, self-assessed body size and desired body size. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. The level of significance was set at 5%. More than a half (53.1%) of the participants with mixed dentition reported that their oral health was excellent or very good. In the unadjusted model, untreated decayed teeth, dmft score and body dissatisfaction levels had a significant contribution to poor self-perception of oral health, but after adjustment for gender, BMI status, dmft score, DMFT score and DAI score, only untreated decayed teeth OR = 1.293, 95%CI (1.120-1.492) and higher body dissatisfaction levels had a significant contribution. It was concluded that the need for dental treatment influenced self-perception of oral health in prepubertal children with mixed dentition, especially with relation to untreated decayed teeth. Since only body dissatisfaction levels, but not BMI, were related to poor self-perception of oral health, which involves a psychological component, further studies should evaluate the risk factors of body dissatisfaction, in order to plan health care directed to this age group, and with the purpose to positive parenting strategies.

Grooves to tubes: evolution of the venom delivery system in a Late Triassic "reptile"

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mitchell, Jonathan S.; Heckert, Andrew B.; Sues, Hans-Dieter

2010-12-01

Venom delivery systems occur in a wide range of extant and fossil vertebrates and are primarily based on oral adaptations. Teeth range from unmodified (Komodo dragons) to highly specialized fangs similar to hypodermic needles (protero- and solenoglyphous snakes). Developmental biologists have documented evidence for an infolding pathway of fang evolution, where the groove folds over to create the more derived condition. However, the oldest known members of venomous clades retain the same condition as their extant relatives, resulting in no fossil evidence for the transition. Based on a comparison of previously known specimens with newly discovered teeth from North Carolina, we describe a new species of the Late Triassic archosauriform Uatchitodon and provide detailed analyses that provide evidence for both venom conduction and document a complete structural series from shallow grooves to fully enclosed tubular canals. While known only from teeth, Uatchitodon is highly diagnostic in possessing compound serrations and for having two venom canals on each tooth in the dentition. Further, although not a snake, Uatchitodon sheds light on the evolutionary trajectory of venom delivery systems in amniotes and provide solid evidence for venom conduction in archosaur-line diapsids.

Clinical evaluation of fiber-reinforced epoxy resin posts and cast post and cores.

PubMed

Ferrari, M; Vichi, A; García-Godoy, F

2000-05-01

This retrospective study evaluated treatment outcome of cast post and core and Composipost systems after 4 yrs of clinical service. 200 patients were included in the study. They were divided in two groups of 100 endodontically treated teeth restored with a post. Group 1: Composipost systems were luted into root canal following the manufacturer's instructions. Group 2: Cast post and cores were cemented into root canal preparations with a traditional technique. The patients were recalled after 6 months, 1, 2 and 4 yrs and clinical and radiographic examinations were completed. Endodontic and prosthodontic results were recorded. Group 1: 95% of the teeth restored with Composiposts showed clinical success; 3% of these samples were excluded for noncompliance and 2% showed endodontic failure. Group 2: Clinical success was found with 84% of teeth restored with cast post and core. 2% of these samples were excluded for noncompliance, 9% showed root fracture, 2% dislodgment of crown and 3% endodontic failure. Statistical evaluation showed significant differences between Groups 1 and 2 (P < 0.001). The results of this retrospective study indicated that the Composipost system was superior to the conventional cast post and core system after 4 yrs of clinical service.

Pulpal changes associated with advanced periodontal disease: A histopathological study.

PubMed

Gautam, Siddharth; Galgali, Sushama R; Sheethal, H S; Priya, N S

2017-01-01

Over the past century, the dental literature has consistently reflected a controversy related to the effect of periodontal disease on the dental pulp. Nonetheless, practitioners are of the opinion that teeth having deep periodontal pockets show variable pulpal response, which may necessitate root canal treatment. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the changes in pulp due to advanced periodontal disease. Forty caries-free teeth affected with severe periodontitis were collected from patients aged between 18 and 55 years. The collected teeth were stored in formalin for 24 h and were then decalcified and examined histologically after staining with hematoxylin and eosin to note the changes that occurred in pulp. Pulpal calcification (52.62%) and partial necrosis of pulp (52.62%) were found to be the most common findings. Inflammation, which was found in 47.38% of the cases, ranged from mild to severe in most sections and was always chronic. Pulp with complete necrosis was seen in 26.32% of cases. Fibrosis and pulpal edema were seen in 36.84% of cases. In the presence of moderate to severe chronic periodontitis, degenerative changes such as inflammation, fibrosis, edema, calcification and necrosis were observed to variable degree.

Prevalence and characteristics of MIH in school children residing in an endemic fluorosis area of India: an epidemiological study.

PubMed

Krishnan, R; Ramesh, M; Chalakkal, P

2015-12-01

This was to study the prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) among school children residing in a fluorosis endemic area in Tamilnadu (Salem, India). A target sample of 5000 children of age ranging between 9 and 14 years, comprising 250 children from each of 20 blocks of Salem, participated in this study. The examination was completed in their respective schools by a calibrated examiner using EAPD criteria. Of 4989 children examined, 384 children had MIH. A prevalence of 7.3 %. The MIH found in girls was 8.9 % compared with 6.1 % in boys. Single-tooth involvement of MIH was seen predominantly in incisors (2.24 %), whereas with molars usually three teeth were involved (1.1 %). MIH with caries involvement was found in 51 % of the teeth. The prevalence of MIH in the endemic fluorosis district was found to be 7.3 %. A gradual increase in MIH was seen with age due to post enamel breakdown. Caries involvement was also seen in more than 50 % of the MIH-involved teeth. This prevalence study for molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is rare in the literature, especially in a fluorosis endemic district in Tamilnadu.

The use of dental services in a population in Northern Norway.

PubMed

Norheim, P W

1979-01-01

The utilization of dental services was studied by means of records from dentist's files, a method which permits gathering of detailed information with high reliability and validity. 53% of the adult population of 358 persons living in a coastal community in Northern Norway had visited a dentist during a period of two years. In the group of 13% who were considered to be regular treatment attenders, number of teeth, sex and socio-economical status were the most influential predictors of utilization. Among the 182 persons with 10 or more remaining teeth, 59% had made preventive and restorative dental visits, and in this group there was a dominating proportion of women, young people and people with high income and/or social class. In contrast, only six persons out of 61 with one to nine remaining teeth had made such visits. People in social class 3 were overrepresented among the 26% of the population who visited a dentist because of extractions or complete denture services. The treatment profile according to age showed that younger people used most of their treatment time on consultations, preventive measures and conservative treatments, while fixed and removable prosthetics constituted a major part of the treatment time among elderly people.

A Sequential Approach to Implant-Supported Overdentures.

PubMed

Kosinski, Timothy

2016-03-01

Fabrication of implant-supported maxillary or mandibular overdentures can seem to be difficult procedures. Many things could go wrong and/or unnoticed until the fabrication has been completed. Implants must be correctly surgically placed in viable bone at the proper angulation and spacing within an arch. The type of attachment must be considered and future treatment of the appliance should be simple and efficient. The appliance must function not only initially but also for many years to come. The author has found the use of the GPS attachment to be an ideal tool to achieve the goals of retention and stability. Careful planning is the most important part of this process, and understanding the benefits and risks of creating overdentures should be well understood by the dentists. By sequentially planning and treating these types of cases, the patient is able to function reasonably during the stages of implant healing. The final prosthesis is created and remaining teeth that held the transitional appliance in place are remove on the day of final seating. This is an excellent simplified retentive system option for those patients who are anxious about losing their teeth, even those teeth that are diseased and ugly.

Factors associated with gingival inflammation among adults with systemic sclerosis.

PubMed

Yuen, H K; Weng, Y; Reed, S G; Summerlin, L M; Silver, R M

2014-02-01

To identify factors associated with increased gingival inflammation in adults with systemic sclerosis (SSc, scleroderma). In this cross-sectional study, forty-eight adults with SSc received assessment of gingival inflammation using Löe and Silness gingival index (LSGI), measurement of oral aperture and evaluation of manual dexterity to perform oral hygiene using the Toothbrushing Ability Test, as well as completion of an oral health-related questionnaire. Three explanatory variables in the final multiple predictor models for the LSGI outcome were statistically significant--manual dexterity to perform oral hygiene, flossing in the evening and SSc subtype, with higher (i.e., worse) LSGI score among those with impaired manual dexterity, not flossing in the evening and diffuse form of SSc. In addition, posterior teeth had higher LSGI scores compared with that of the anterior teeth after adjusting for other variables. Results suggest that dental health professionals take manual dexterity into consideration when educating patients with SSc to improve their oral hygiene and educate them on paying more attention on cleaning their posterior teeth and the importance of flossing in the evening--especially those who only floss once a day or less often. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

Holes in teeth - Dental caries in Neolithic and Early Bronze Age populations in Central Germany.

PubMed

Nicklisch, Nicole; Ganslmeier, Robert; Siebert, Angelina; Friederich, Susanne; Meller, Harald; Alt, Kurt W

2016-01-01

This study provides diachronic insight into the epidemiology of carious defects in teeth of Neolithic and Early Bronze Age populations in Central Germany over a period of 4000 years. The data were retrieved from skeletal remains uncovered at 21 sites throughout the Middle Elbe-Saale region (MES), comprising a total of 494 individuals with preserved teeth. The data generated were examined for age- and sex-related differences in order to gain information about the dietary habits and socio-economic structures of the period with the goal of identifying potential diachronic changes. The results indicated that dietary habits changed over the course of the Neolithic period: the prevalence of caries significantly decreased between the Early and Late Neolithic. The adults from the Early Neolithic sample, particularly those from the LBK bore the highest rate of caries. This highlights the essential importance of cereals in the diet of the early farmers in the Middle Elbe-Saale region. As time went on, meat and dairy products became more and more important, which had a positive impact on dental health. The data also show sex-specific differences: women were more often affected by caries than men and female jaws also generally exhibited greater numbers of carious teeth than their male counterparts. Dental health is a reflection of both biological factors and of economic and sociocultural structures. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

The impact of ebinyo, a form of dental mutilation, on the malocclusion status in Uganda.

PubMed

Bataringaya, Aisha; Ferguson, Maurice; Lalloo, Ratilal

2005-09-01

The practice of extraction of ebinyo or false teeth is based on the belief that the rubbing of herbs on the gum (in the region of the canine) or the removal of the primary and/or permanent canine tooth buds will lead to the relief of childhood fevers and diarrhoea. The reported prevalence of this practice in Uganda and neighbouring countries is varied. A survey carried out in Kampala to determine the occlusal traits of fourteen-year-old children offered an opportunity to assess the effects of ebinyo (a dental mutilation based on local customs and superstitions) on the occlusal status of the sample population. 402 children aged fourteen years were examined according to the criteria of the Federation Dentaire Internationale Commission on Classification and Statistics for Oral Conditions method for measuring occlusal traits (COCSTOC-MOT) proposed by Baume et al. (1973). The most common dental anomaly was teeth missing due to extraction or trauma. Canines (28%) and mandibular first molars (28%) exhibited the highest frequency. Missing canines were four times more common in girls than boys, and three times greater in the maxilla than the mandible. Canines also accounted for 12.8% of the malformed teeth observed in the study. The results of this study show that the practice of ebinyo, although carried out early in the life of the child, can impact on the occlusal status in the permanent dentition years later.

Integrating 3D facial scanning in a digital workflow to CAD/CAM design and fabricate complete dentures for immediate total mouth rehabilitation

PubMed Central

Greven, Marcus; Wismeijer, Daniel

2017-01-01

PURPOSE To integrate extra-oral facial scanning information with CAD/CAM complete dentures to immediately rehabilitate terminal dentition. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients with terminal dentition scheduled for total extraction and immediate denture placement were recruited for this study. The patients were submitted to a facial scanning procedure using the in-office PritiMirror scanner with bite registration records in-situ. Definitive stone cast models and bite records were subsequently submitted to a lab scanning procedure using the lab scanner (iSeries DWOS; Dental Wings). The scanned models were used to create a virtual teeth setup of a complete denture. Using the intra-oral bite records as a reference, the virtual setup was incorporated in the facial scan thereby facilitating a virtual clinical evaluation (teeth try-in) phase. After applying necessary adjustments, the virtual setup was submitted to a CAM procedure where a 5-axis industrial milling machine (M7 CNC; Darton AG General) was used to fabricate a full-milled PMMA immediate provisional prosthesis. RESULTS Total extractions were performed, the dentures were immediately inserted, and subjective clinical fit was evaluated. The immediate provisional prostheses were inserted and clinical fit, occlusion/articulation, and esthetics were subjectively assessed; the results were deemed satisfactory. All provisional prostheses remained three months in function with no notable technical complications. CONCLUSION Ten patients with terminal dentition were treated using a complete digital approach to fabricate complete dentures using CAD/CAM technology. The proposed technique has the potential to accelerate the rehabilitation procedure starting from immediate denture to final implant-supported prosthesis leading to more predictable functional and aesthetics outcomes. PMID:29142646

One-step partial or complete caries removal and bonding with antibacterial or traditional self-etch adhesives: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Villat, Cyril; Attal, Jean-Pierre; Brulat, Nathalie; Decup, Franck; Doméjean, Sophie; Dursun, Elisabeth; Fron-Chabouis, Hélène; Jacquot, Bruno; Muller Bolla, Michèle; Plasse-Pradelle, Nelly; Roche, Laurent; Maucort-Boulch, Delphine; Nony, Patrice; Gritsch, Kerstin; Millet, Pierre; Gueyffier, François; Grosgogeat, Brigitte

2016-08-15

Current concepts in conservative dentistry advocate minimally invasive dentistry and pulp vitality preservation. Moreover, complete removal of carious dentin in deep carious lesions often leads to pulp exposure and root canal treatment, despite the absence of irreversible pulp inflammation. For years, partial caries removal has been performed on primary teeth, but little evidence supports its effectiveness for permanent teeth. Furthermore, the recent development of new antibacterial adhesive systems could be interesting in the treatment of such lesions. The objectives of this study are to compare the effectiveness of partial versus complete carious dentin removal in deep lesions (primary objective) and the use of an antibacterial versus a traditional two-step self-etch adhesive system (main secondary objective). The DEep CAries Treatment (DECAT) study protocol is a multicenter, randomized, controlled superiority trial comparing partial versus complete caries removal followed by adhesive restoration. The minimum sample size required is 464 patients. Two successive randomizations will be performed (allocation ratio 1:1): the first for the type of excavation (partial versus complete) and the second (if no root canal treatment is required) for the type of adhesive (antibacterial versus traditional). For the two objectives, the outcome is the success of the treatment after 1 year, measured according to a composite outcome of five FDI criteria: material fracture and retention, marginal adaptation, radiographic examination (including apical pathologies), postoperative sensitivity and tooth vitality, and carious lesion recurrence. The study will investigate the interest of a conservative approach for the management of deep carious lesions in terms of dentin excavation and bioactive adhesive systems. The results may help practitioners achieve the most efficient restorative procedure to maintain pulp vitality and increase the restoration longevity. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02286388 . Registered in November 2014.

Your Teeth

MedlinePlus

... Safe Videos for Educators Search English Español Your Teeth KidsHealth / For Kids / Your Teeth What's in this ... help you talk. So let's talk teeth! Tiny Teeth Unlike your heart or brain, your teeth weren' ...

Oral health in the Japan self-defense forces - a representative survey.

PubMed

Kudo, Yuka; John, Mike T; Saito, Yoko; Sur, Shachi; Furuyama, Chisako; Tsukasaki, Hiroaki; Baba, Kazuyoshi

2011-04-19

The oral health of military populations is usually not very well characterized compared to civilian populations. The aim of this study was to investigate two physical oral health characteristics and one perceived oral health measure and their correlation in the Japan self-defense forces (JSDF). Number of missing teeth, denture status, and OHRQoL as evaluated by the Japanese 14-item version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-J14) as well as the correlation between these oral health measures was investigated in 911 personnel in the JSDF. Subjects did not have a substantial number of missing teeth and only 4% used removable dentures. The mean OHIP-J14 score was 4.6 ± 6.7 units. The magnitude of the correlation between the number of missing teeth with OHIP-J14 scores was small (r = 0.22, p < 0.001). Mean OHIP-J14 scores differed between subjects with and without dentures (8.6 and 4.4, p < 0.001). Compared to Japanese civilian populations, personnel of the JSDF demonstrated good oral health. Two physical oral health characteristics were associated with perceived oral health.

Nonsyndromic tooth agenesis patterns and associated developmental dental anomalies: a literature review with radiographic illustrations.

PubMed

Agarwal, P; Vinuth, D P; Dube, G; Dube, P

2013-01-01

Tooth agenesis is one of the most intriguing phenomena, because it is frequently associated with other oral anomalies, structural variations and malformations of other teeth, late eruption, transposition and crowding. The diagnosis can be quite challenging as radiographic examination is critical for the diagnosis but not always possible and the late developing teeth may be sometimes scored developmentally missing. Accurate diagnosis therefore requires radiographic, clinical, and dental cast examinations. It is an important clinical and public health problem. Patients with missing permanent teeth may suffer from a reduced chewing ability, inarticulate pronunciation, and an unfavorable aesthetic appearance. Clinically, early diagnosis of a dental anomaly can alert the clinician to the possible development of other associated dental anomalies in the same patient or family, and avoid the possible sequelae. Understanding of tooth agenesis patterns and their impact on diagnosis, prevention, and eventually therapeutics are becoming integral parts of comprehensive dental care. Dental examination with radiographic screening of hypodontia in early childhood should be emphasized as part of public oral health policy to allow early diagnosis and timely intervention.

Is the Maxillary Sinus Really Suitable in Sex Determination? A Three-Dimensional Analysis of Maxillary Sinus Volume and Surface Depending on Sex and Dentition.

PubMed

Möhlhenrich, Stephan Christian; Heussen, Nicole; Peters, Florian; Steiner, Timm; Hölzle, Frank; Modabber, Ali

2015-11-01

The morphometric analysis of maxillary sinus was recently presented as a helpful instrument for sex determination. The aim of the present study was to examine the volume and surface of the fully dentate, partial, and complete edentulous maxillary sinus depending on the sex. Computed tomography data from 276 patients were imported in DICOM format via special virtual planning software, and surfaces (mm) and volumes (mm) of maxillary sinuses were measured. In sex-specific comparisons (women vs men), statistically significant differences for the mean maxillary sinus volume and surface were found between fully dentate (volume, 13,267.77 mm vs 16,623.17 mm, P < 0.0001; surface, 3480.05 mm vs 4100.83 mm, P < 0.0001) and partially edentulous (volume, 10,577.35 mm vs 14,608.10 mm, P = 0.0002; surface, 2980.11 mm vs 3797.42 mm, P < 0.0001) or complete edentulous sinuses (volume, 11,200.99 mm vs 15,382.29 mm, P < 0.0001; surface, 3118.32 mm vs 3877.25 mm, P < 0.0001). For males, the statistically different mean values were calculated between fully dentate and partially edentulous (volume, P = 0.0022; surface, P = 0.0048) maxillary sinuses. Between the sexes, no differences were only measured for female and male partially dentate fully edentulous sinuses (2 teeth missing) and between partially edentulous sinuses in women and men (1 teeth vs 2 teeth missing). With a corresponding software program, it is possible to analyze the maxillary sinus precisely. The dentition influences the volume and surface of the pneumatic maxillary sinus. Therefore, sex determination is possible by analysis of the maxillary sinus event through the increase in pneumatization.

Removal efficiency of calcium hydroxide dressing from the root canal without chemically active adjuvant.

PubMed

Maalouf, Lara; Zogheib, Carla; Naaman, Alfred

2013-03-01

Compare the efficiency in removing two calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] preparations from root canal and apical third using single use syringe, ultrasonics and RinsEndo((®)) with saline solution. One hundred and eighty human singlerooted teeth were instrumented using ProTaper((®)) rotary system, divided into two groups according to Ca(OH)2 filling. A: Powder mixed with water, B: Pulpdent((®)). Each group was divided into three subgroups for the irrigation: A1, B1: Single use syringe; A2, B2: Ultrasonics; A3, B3: RinsEndo((®)). Teeth were split longitudinally, photographed and imported into Adobe Photoshop. The percentage ratios of Ca(OH)2 remaining in the canal and in the apical third were calculated. Data were statistically analyzed using 'ANOVA two-way' and 'univariate tests'. (a) Remnants of medicament were found in all teeth, (b) no statistically significant difference in the elimination of both Ca(OH)2 from the entire canal (p = 0.436), however, mixed powder was better eliminated from the apical third (p = 0.005), (c) no statistically significant difference among the irrigation techniques in the whole canal (p = 0.608), though, RinsEndo((®)) and ultrasonics were the most effective in cleaning the apical third (p = 0.032) when mixed powder was used. None of the techniques removed completely Ca(OH)2 from the canal. In the apical third, RinsEndo((®)) and ultrasonics were the most effective when mixed powder was used. Ca(OH)2, the most commonly used intracanal dressing, should be completely eliminated before the obturation to assure a good endodontic sealing. Based on the results of this study, RinsEndo((®)) and ultrasonics were the most effective in removal of Ca(OH)2 especially the powder mixed with water presentation.

Correlation between Visible Length of the Iris and the Length of the Maxillary Central Incisor Using Digital Image Analysis- A Pilot Study.

PubMed

Rohini; Hemalatha; Chander, Gopi Naveen; Anitha, Kuttae Viswanathan

2017-02-01

Complete denture therapy is one such modality where science and art goes hand in hand. Selection of artificial teeth for completely edentulous patients is not easy in the absence of pre extraction records, because till date concrete guidelines do not exist. The purpose of this study was to determine if a correlation existed between the visible length of the iris and the length of the maxillary central incisor to potentially provide a guide for teeth selection. A total of 20 Indian dental students consented to participate in the pilot study. Standardized digital images of the face revealing the eyes and component of teeth on smiling was captured using a digital camera. The digital measurements of the visible iris length (medial aperture height, tangential to iris) and the length of the maxillary central incisor from the zenith to the incisal edge were analysed using Adobe Photoshop creative cloud software. The data was statistically evaluated and results were tabulated. Karl Pearson's Coefficient of Correlation was utilized to detect if any association existed between the two variables. The mean value of length of central incisor was 10.39 mm and the mean value of the visible length of iris was found to be 12.9 mm. A Pearson correlation analysis revealed an r-value <0.3 indicating minimal association between the two variables with a p-value >0.01 (.322). On inference, the correlation between the visible iris length and that of maxillary central incisor were unable to produce a strong positive statistical association. However, an association factor between the two has been obtained. Deduction of 2.5 mm from the dimension of visible iris length will help in attaining the length of artificial maxillary central incisor tooth.

77 FR 25742 - Notice of Inventory Completion: Northwest Museum of Arts & Culture, Spokane, WA; Correction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-01

... funerary objects are 1 basalt piece, 1 bone awl, 2 unworked and worked cache forms, 1 scraper, 2 pestles, 1..., 1 bone harpoon, 1 bone awl, 4 knives, 6 projectile points, 1 string of copper bone beads, 100... bear penis bones, 2 gravers, 13 perforated elk teeth, 2 abalone gorgets, 6 copper pendants, 5 worked...

Implant-supported overdenture with prefabricated bar attachment system in mandibular edentulous patient

PubMed Central

Ha, Seung-Ryong; Song, Seung-Il; Hong, Seong-Tae; Kim, Gy-Young

2012-01-01

Implant-supported overdenture is a reliable treatment option for the patients with edentulous mandible when they have difficulty in using complete dentures. Several options have been used for implant-supported overdenture attachments. Among these, bar attachment system has greater retention and better maintainability than others. SFI-Bar® is prefabricated and can be adjustable at chairside. Therefore, laboratory procedures such as soldering and welding are unnecessary, which leads to fewer errors and lower costs. A 67-year-old female patient presented, complaining of mobility of lower anterior teeth with old denture. She had been wearing complete denture in the maxilla and removable partial denture in the mandible with severe bone loss. After extracting the teeth, two implants were placed in front of mental foramen, and SFI-Bar® was connected. A tube bar was seated to two adapters through large ball joints and fixation screws, connecting each implant. The length of the tube bar was adjusted according to inter-implant distance. Then, a female part was attached to the bar beneath the new denture. This clinical report describes two-implant-supported overdenture using the SFI-Bar® system in a mandibular edentulous patient. PMID:23236580

A prospective study on transplantation of third molars with complete root formation.

PubMed

Mejàre, Bertil; Wannfors, Karin; Jansson, Leif

2004-02-01

The study objective was to evaluate the prognosis for autotransplantation of third molar teeth with fully developed roots followed by endodontic treatment on the basis of a time-table analysis. A total of 50 third molars with completely developed roots were autotransplanted to replace a lost first or second molar in the same number of admitted patients. Root canal treatment was started 3 to 4 weeks later. Clinical and radiographic checkup of the transplanted and root-filled third molars was done annually according to a predesigned record form. Descriptive statistics including a life table and statistical analysis were performed. The cumulative survival rate during 4 years' follow-up was 81.4%. In all, 7 transplants were lost during the follow-up time, 4 of them due to marginal periodontal pathosis and the other 3 due to root resorption. None of the root resorptions was observed before the second postoperative year. The radiographic periapical status was considered normal in 96% of the transplants at the latest follow-up visit. Autotransplantation of mature third molar teeth is a reasonable treatment alternative to conventional prosthetic rehabilitation or implant treatment in cases of partial edentualism from both a therapeutic and an economic point of view.

Complications in implant dentistry

PubMed Central

Hanif, Ayesha; Qureshi, Saima; Sheikh, Zeeshan; Rashid, Haroon

2017-01-01

After tooth loss, an individual may seek tooth replacement so that his/her function and esthetics could be restored. Clinical prosthodontics, during the past decade, has significantly improved and developed according to the advancements in the science and patient's demands and needs. Conventional options in prosthodontics for substituting a missing single tooth include the removable partial denture, partial and full coverage bridgework, and resin-bonded bridgework. Dental implants have gained increasing popularity over the years as they are capable of restoring the function to near normal in both partial and completely edentulous arches. With substantial evidence available, fixed implant-supported prosthesis are fully acknowledged as a reliable treatment option for the replacement of single or multiple missing teeth nowadays. While dental implants are increasingly becoming the choice of replacement for missing teeth, the impediments associated with them are progressively emerging too. PMID:28435381

Vibration and Operational Characteristics of a Composite-Steel (Hybrid) Gear

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Handschuh, Robert F.; LaBerge, Kelsen E.; DeLuca, Samuel; Pelagalli, Ryan

2014-01-01

Hybrid gears have been tested consisting of metallic gear teeth and shafting connected by composite web. Both free vibration and dynamic operation tests were completed at the NASA Glenn Spur Gear Fatigue Test Facility, comparing these hybrid gears to their steel counterparts. The free vibration tests indicated that the natural frequency of the hybrid gear was approximately 800 Hz lower than the steel test gear. The dynamic vibration tests were conducted at five different rotational speeds and three levels of torque in a four square test configuration. The hybrid gears were tested both as fabricated (machined, composite layup, then composite cure) and after regrinding the gear teeth to the required aerospace tolerance. The dynamic vibration tests indicated that the level of vibration for either type of gearing was sensitive to the level of load and rotational speed.

Piezosurgery®-assisted periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics.

PubMed

Pakhare, Vikas Vilas; Khandait, Chinmay Harishchandra; Shrivastav, Sunita Satish; Dhadse, Prasad Vijayrao; Baliga, Vidya Sudhindhra; Seegavadi, Vasudevan Dwarkanathan

2017-01-01

Periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontic procedure has become useful adjunct to reduce orthodontic treatment time as compared with conventional orthodontics. This case demonstrates the use of Piezosurgery ® to facilitate rapid tooth movement with relatively shorter treatment time. A 23-year-old male with Angles Class I malocclusion having spaced anterior teeth and protrusion requested orthodontic treatment with reduced time period. Before surgery, presurgical orthodontic treatment was done to do initial alignment of the teeth. This was followed by piezosurgical corticotomy and final space closure was achieved by active orthodontic tooth movement. The total treatment time required to complete the orthodontic treatment was 5 months. 1-year follow-up revealed no evidence of any adverse periodontal effects or relapse. Thus, Piezosurgery ® -assisted corticotomy may prove to be a noble and effective treatment approach to decrease the orthodontic treatment time.

Piezosurgery®-assisted periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics

PubMed Central

Pakhare, Vikas Vilas; Khandait, Chinmay Harishchandra; Shrivastav, Sunita Satish; Dhadse, Prasad Vijayrao; Baliga, Vidya Sudhindhra; Seegavadi, Vasudevan Dwarkanathan

2017-01-01

Periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontic procedure has become useful adjunct to reduce orthodontic treatment time as compared with conventional orthodontics. This case demonstrates the use of Piezosurgery® to facilitate rapid tooth movement with relatively shorter treatment time. A 23-year-old male with Angles Class I malocclusion having spaced anterior teeth and protrusion requested orthodontic treatment with reduced time period. Before surgery, presurgical orthodontic treatment was done to do initial alignment of the teeth. This was followed by piezosurgical corticotomy and final space closure was achieved by active orthodontic tooth movement. The total treatment time required to complete the orthodontic treatment was 5 months. 1-year follow-up revealed no evidence of any adverse periodontal effects or relapse. Thus, Piezosurgery®-assisted corticotomy may prove to be a noble and effective treatment approach to decrease the orthodontic treatment time. PMID:29491592

Pattern of mandibular third molar impaction and its association to caries in mandibular second molar: A clinical variant

PubMed Central

Prajapati, V. K.; Mitra, Ruchi; Vinayak, K. M.

2017-01-01

Background: Caries in second molar is common and prophylactic removal of the impacted teeth may be considered appropriate. Caries detection and restoration can be difficult and a restored second molar can undergo recurrent caries if the third molar is not removed prophylactically. In this study, the clinical findings related to impaction and its association with angular position and depth of impacted third molar were evaluated. Materials and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out among the patients visiting the outpatient, department of Dentistry, RIMS, Ranchi. The clinical examination, periapical radiographs and Pre-op OPG were taken. Teeth positions were analyzed by Pell and Gregory and Winter classification. The angulation and depth of mandibular third molar impaction and caries in the second molar with the eruption status of the mandibular third molar was determined. Results: A total of 200 patients were included in the study between age group 17-45 years. Majority of the Patients reported to the hospital with complaints of decayed tooth (66%) and pain (59%). The most common third molar impaction was mesioangular followed by distoangular. A statistically highly significant difference (P = 0.001) was obtained with the presence of caries in second molar adjacent to mesioangular third molar in class I and level B. Conclusion: According to this study, pattern of mandibular third molar impaction is in association to caries in mandibular second molar. More future studies are needed. In addition, the results of the present study can be used to screen and inform the patients about the possibility of caries in relation to third molar mandibular impaction. PMID:28584538

The retention of pit and fissure sealants placed in primary school children by Dental Health Services, Victoria.

PubMed

Messer, L B; Calache, H; Morgan, M V

1997-08-01

The benefit of a public sector sealant programme for children in Australia is yet to be established. This study evaluated sealants placed by therapists of the School Dental Service in Victoria, between 1989 and 1994, on permanent teeth of children in 15 primary schools in Melbourne. Seven hundred and seventy four children aged 6-12 years were examined in school dental clinics by six calibrated examiners. A total of 5363 sealants placed on 2875 permanent teeth (including 2616 first molars, 91 per cent of sample) up to four and a half years previously was examined. Values for complete and partial sealant retention were highest for premolars (86 per cent, 9 per cent respectively, total 95 per cent); similar for occlusal surfaces of maxillary and mandibular first molars (63 per cent, 30 per cent; 62 per cent, 32 per cent respectively) and buccal pits of mandibular molars (66 per cent); and low for pits/fissures of Carabelli's cusps of maxillary molars (44 per cent). Cross-sectional examination up to 24 months for both maxillary and mandibular first molars indicated average values of 67 per cent complete retention, 27 per cent partial retention, 6 per cent missing; thereafter complete retention decreased and partial retention increased. Sealant failures in the six months post-placement were attributed to technique failure. Regardless of sealant retention, caries experience was low under partially retained or missing sealants (4.5 per cent) and completely retained sealants (0.4 per cent). It is concluded that the SDS sealant programme is a sound preventive dental public health approach.

Rehabilitation of maxillary arch with attachment-retained mesh-reinforced single complete denture

PubMed Central

Vamsi Krishna, C H; Rao, A Kaleshwar; Sekhar, N Chandra; Shastry, Y Mahadev

2014-01-01

Fabrication of conventional complete dentures was one of the most commonly advised treatment options to mange edentulous patients since many years. One of the commonly encountered challenging tasks in prosthodontics is a clinical situation in which patients have maxillary completely edentulous arches opposing mandibular natural dentition. This situation can be effectively managed by retaining some of the natural teeth as overdenture abutments. Tooth supported overdenture retained by attachments will improve retention, support and stability, and reduces rate of ridge resorption along with psychological benefits to the patients by providing tactile sensation. The present case report describes management of patients with edentulous maxillary arch opposing natural mandibular dentition-rehabilitated attachment-retained mesh-reinforced overdenture. PMID:24574522

Rehabilitation of maxillary arch with attachment-retained mesh-reinforced single complete denture.

PubMed

Vamsi Krishna, C H; Rao, A Kaleshwar; Sekhar, N Chandra; Shastry, Y Mahadev

2014-02-26

Fabrication of conventional complete dentures was one of the most commonly advised treatment options to mange edentulous patients since many years. One of the commonly encountered challenging tasks in prosthodontics is a clinical situation in which patients have maxillary completely edentulous arches opposing mandibular natural dentition. This situation can be effectively managed by retaining some of the natural teeth as overdenture abutments. Tooth supported overdenture retained by attachments will improve retention, support and stability, and reduces rate of ridge resorption along with psychological benefits to the patients by providing tactile sensation. The present case report describes management of patients with edentulous maxillary arch opposing natural mandibular dentition-rehabilitated attachment-retained mesh-reinforced overdenture.

Laser vs bur for bone cutting in impacted mandibular third molar surgery: A randomized controlled trial

PubMed Central

Passi, Deepak; Pal, Uma Shankar; Mohammad, Shadab; Singh, Rakesh Kumar; Mehrotra, Divya; Singh, Geeta; Kumar, Manoj; Chellappa, Arul A.L.; Gupta, Chandan

2013-01-01

Background The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of Er: YAG laser in bone cutting for removal of impacted lower third molar teeth and compare its outcomes with that of surgical bur. Materials & methods The study comprised 40 subjects requiring removal of impacted mandibular third molar, randomly categorized into two equal groups of 20 each, who had their impacted third molar removed either using Er: YAG laser or surgical bur as per their group, using standard methodology of extraction of impacted teeth. Clinical parameters like pain, bleeding, time taken for bone cutting, postoperative swelling, trismus, wound healing and complications were compared for both groups. Observation & result Clinical parameters like pain, bleeding and swelling were lower in laser group than bur group, although the difference was statistically not significant. However, postoperative swelling showed significant difference in the two groups. Laser group required almost double the time taken for bone cutting with bur. Trismus persisted for a longer period in laser group. Wound healing and complications were assessed clinically and there was no significant difference in both the groups. Conclusion Based on the results of our study, the possibility of bone cutting using lasers is pursued, the osteotomy is easily performed and the technique is better suited to minimally invasive surgical procedures. The use of Er: YAG laser may be considered as an alternative tool to surgical bur, specially in anxious patients. PMID:25737885

Quantifying the impact of µCT-scanning of human fossil teeth on ESR age results.

PubMed

Duval, Mathieu; Martín-Francés, Laura

2017-05-01

Fossil human teeth are nowadays systematically CT-scanned by palaeoanthropologists prior to any further analysis. It has been recently demonstrated that this noninvasive technique has, in most cases, virtually no influence on ancient DNA preservation. However, it may have nevertheless an impact on other techniques, like Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) dating, by artificially ageing the apparent age of the sample. To evaluate this impact, we µCT-scanned several modern enamel fragments following the standard analytical procedures employed by the Dental Anthropology Group at CENIEH, Spain, and then performed ESR dose reconstruction for each of them. The results of our experiment demonstrate that the systematic high-resolution µCT-scanning of fossil hominin remains introduces a nonnegligible X-ray dose into the tooth enamel, equivalent to 15-30 Gy depending on the parameters used. This dose may be multiplied by a factor of ∼8 if no metallic filter is used. However, this dose estimate cannot be universally extrapolated to any µCT-scan experiment but has instead to be specifically assessed for each device and set of parameters employed. The impact on the ESR age results is directly dependent on the magnitude of the geological dose measured in fossil enamel but could potentially lead to an age overestimation up to 40% in case of Late Pleistocene samples, if not taken into consideration. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Prevalence of dental developmental anomalies of permanent teeth in children and their influence on esthetics.

PubMed

Fekonja, Anita

2017-07-08

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental developmental anomalies in permanent teeth and their influence on esthetics. The records of 473 subjects, which comprised of orthopantomograms, clinical examination, and anamnestic data, were explored for dental developmental anomalies. Subjects with dental anomalies completed the modified questionnaire. Data on reasons for seeking the treatment as well as factors affecting the patients' satisfaction were collected. The data were processed using the Chi-square test. It was found that 79 subjects (16.7%) had at least 1 dental developmental anomaly. The most common anomalies were hypodontia (7.2%), followed by talon cusps (3.4%), and microdontia (2.5%). Hypodontia, microdontia, and talon cusps were found more prevalent in females than males, whereas hyperdontia and macrodontia were more common in males. The reason for dissatisfaction with their smile in most cases was due to missing teeth or spacing between anterior teeth (excess space 2.9 mm ± 1.1 mm), followed by crowding of anterior teeth (lack of space 3.1 mm ± 0.8mm), difficulty maintaining oral hygiene and midline asymmetry (1.8 mm ± 0.9 mm). All subjects were treated using a fixed orthodontic appliance and 30 (37.9%) of them had additional dental specialists included to achieve good esthetics and function. Overall, 92.4% of subjects were satisfied with their resulting appearance after treatment. Dental developmental anomalies are clinically evident abnormalities. They may be the cause of various dental problems and can influence esthetics and the development of orthodontic problems. This paper evaluates the distribution of dental developmental anomalies and their influence on esthetics and function. Careful observation and appropriate investigation are required to diagnose the condition and institute treatment. The therapeutic approach to some dental anomalies should be interdisciplinary. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Hominin teeth from the Middle Pleistocene site of Yiyuan, Eastern China.

PubMed

Xing, Song; Sun, Chengkai; Martinón-Torres, María; Bermúdez de Castro, José María; Han, Fei; Zhang, Yingqi; Liu, Wu

2016-06-01

In 1981-1982, some hominin fossils, including a relatively complete skull and seven isolated teeth, were recovered from the Middle Pleistocene site of Yiyuan in Eastern China. In the present study we provide a detailed metric and morphological comparison of the Yiyuan dental sample in order to characterize better the variability of the human populations that inhabited China during the Middle Pleistocene. Aside from taxonomic and phylogenetic questions, the lack of understanding and/or knowledge about the morphological variability of these populations have caused concern about the human versus non-human nature of some of the hominin dental remains found in East Asia during the Early and the Middle Pleistocene. Thus, our study aims to present a detailed description and comparison of the Yiyuan isolated teeth to 1) discuss and support their human nature and 2) to explore their taxonomic affinities with regard to other penecontemporaneous populations from Asia. Our results clearly differentiate the Yiyuan sample from Pongo specimens and support a human attribution for the Yiyuan material. Our analyses also suggest that the Yiyuan teeth form a morphologically coherent group together with samples from Zhoukoudian, Chaoxian and Hexian. They are different from the more derived specimens from Panxian Dadong, suggesting a pattern of biogeographic isolation and different evolutionary trends between northern and southern China during the Middle Pleistocene. In addition, and despite sharing a common morphological bauplan with Homo erectus sensu stricto (s.s.), the Yiyuan, Zhoukoudian and Hexian teeth are also different from the Indonesian Early Pleistocene samples. In particular, the expression of a highly crenulated or dendritic enamel-dentine surface could be unique to these groups. Our study supports the notion that the taxonomy of the Pleistocene hominins from Asia may have been oversimplified. Future studies should explore the variability of the Asian specimens and reconsider whether all the samples can be attributed to H. erectus s.s. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Periodontal disease and adverse birth outcomes: a study from Pakistan.

PubMed

Mobeen, N; Jehan, I; Banday, N; Moore, J; McClure, E M; Pasha, O; Wright, L L; Goldenberg, R L

2008-05-01

Periodontal disease may increase the risk of adverse birth outcomes; however, results have been mixed. Few studies have examined periodontal disease in developing countries. We describe the relationship between periodontal disease and birth outcomes in a community setting in Pakistan. This was a prospective cohort study. Enrollment occurred at 20-26 weeks of gestation. A study dentist performed the periodontal examination to assess probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival index, and plaque index. Outcomes included stillbirth, neonatal death, perinatal death, < 32 weeks preterm birth, 32-36 weeks preterm birth, and low birthweight and are presented for increasing periodontal disease severity by quartiles. Dental examinations and outcome data were completed for 1152 women: 81% of the women were multiparous, with a mean age of 27 years; 33% of the women had no education. Forty-seven percent of the women had dental caries; 27% of the women had missing teeth, and 91% of the women had had no dental care in the last year. Periodontal disease was common: 76% of the women had > or = 3 teeth with a probing depth of > or = 3 mm; 87% of the women had > or = 4 teeth with a clinical attachment level of > or = 3 mm; 56% of the women had > or = 4 teeth with a plaque index of 3; and 60% of the women had > or = 4 teeth with a gingival index of 3. As the measures of periodontal disease increased from the 1st to 4th quartile, stillbirth and neonatal and perinatal death also increased, with relative risks of approximately 1.3. Early preterm birth increased, but the results were not significant. Late preterm birth and low birthweight were not related to measures of periodontal disease. Pregnant Pakistani women have high levels of moderate-to-severe dental disease. Stillbirth and neonatal and perinatal deaths increased with the severity of periodontal disease.

A prospective randomized trial of different supplementary local anesthetic techniques after failure of inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with irreversible pulpitis in mandibular teeth.

PubMed

Kanaa, Mohammad D; Whitworth, John M; Meechan, John Gerard

2012-04-01

The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of supplementary repeat inferior alveolar nerve block with 2% lidocaine and epinephrine, buccal infiltration with 4% articaine with epinephrine, intraligamentary injection, or intraosseous injection (both with 2% lidocaine with epinephrine) after failed inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) for securing pain-free treatment in patients experiencing irreversible pulpitis in mandibular permanent teeth. This randomized clinical trial included 182 patients diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis in mandibular teeth. Patients received 2.0 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine as an IANB injection. Patients who did not experience pain-free treatment received randomly 1 of 4 supplementary techniques, namely repeat lidocaine IANB (rIANB), articaine buccal infiltration (ABI), lidocaine intraligamentary injection (PDL), or lidocaine intraosseous injection (IO). Successful pulp anesthesia was considered to have occurred when no response was obtained to the maximum stimulation (80 reading) of the pulp tester, at which time treatment commenced. Treatment was regarded as being successfully completed when it was associated with no pain. Data were analyzed by χ(2) and Fisher exact tests. Of the 182 patients, 122 achieved successful pulpal anesthesia within 10 minutes after initial IANB injection; 82 experienced pain-free treatment. ABI and IO allowed more successful (pain-free) treatment (84% and 68%, respectively) than rIANB or PDL supplementary techniques (32% and 48%, respectively); this was statistically significant (P = .001). IANB injection alone does not always allow pain-free treatment for mandibular teeth with irreversible pulpitis. Supplementary buccal infiltration with 4% articaine with epinephrine and intraosseous injection with 2% lidocaine with epinephrine are more likely to allow pain-free treatment than intraligamentary and repeat IANB injections with 2% lidocaine with epinephrine for patients experiencing irreversible pulpitis in mandibular permanent teeth. Crown Copyright © 2012. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The impact of oral health on daily performances and its association with clinical variables in a population in Zambia.

PubMed

Andersson, P; Kavakure, J; Lingström, P

2017-05-01

The aim of this study was to investigate oral impacts on daily performance and to relate these data to oral clinical variables. The study was performed at a dental clinic in Livingstone, Zambia, and included 78 subjects (mean age 28, range 15-48 years) consecutively recruited in connection with a dental care visit. Data were collected through a structured interview using the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) index measuring oral health-related quality of life followed by a clinical examination. Oral health affected one or more daily performances during the last 6 months for 61.5% of the subjects. 'Difficulty of eating and enjoying food' was the performance reported most frequently (42.3%), and 'speaking and pronouncing clearly' was least often reported (10.3%). DMFT was 3.8, ±3.6 (mean ± SD; range 0-15). A majority of the individuals had periodontal pockets ≥4 mm (mean 4.3, ±2.6) (94.9%) and gingival bleeding on probing >20% (88.5%). Two or more decayed teeth were shown to be significantly associated (OR 4.6, CI 1.2-17.1) with one or more oral impacts on daily performances in a multivariate logistic regression analysis. This study shown that there is a significant association between decayed teeth and oral impacts on daily performances. More research is needed, however, for deeper understanding of oral health problems and their impacts on daily life in Zambia. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Molar incisor hypomineralisation: experience and perceived challenges among dentists specialising in paediatric dentistry and a group of general dental practitioners in the UK.

PubMed

Kalkani, M; Balmer, R C; Homer, R M; Day, P F; Duggal, M S

2016-04-01

To assess the views and experience of the UK dentists specialising in paediatric dentistry (trainees) about molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) and compare the findings with the responses from a group of UK general dental practitioners. A web-based questionnaire was sent to dentists undergoing specialist training in paediatric dentistry. The same questionnaire was completed by a group of general dentists who stated an interest in treating children, with various levels of experience. The questionnaire sought information on clinical experience and the views of the dentists on the impact of MIH on children and families. Specialty trainees (37) from different paediatric dental departments in the UK completed the online survey, giving a total response rate of 71%. The questionnaire was also completed by 31 general dental practitioners. There was difficulty in distinguishing MIH from other conditions for both groups. Increased sensitivity of affected teeth was the most frequently encountered problem with 51% of the trainees and 76% of the dentists saying this was often or always a challenge. The trainees were particularly concerned about the pain children experienced and about the appearance of the condition. Both groups felt that parental anxiety occurred in almost all cases. Both groups felt that MIH presents several clinical challenges and has a negative effect on the quality of life of the affected children and their families. There were significant differences in the views and perceptions between the two groups.

Attitudes of Students of Differenet Schools of University of Zagreb on Tooth Bleaching.

PubMed

Diklić, Dinka; Sever, Eva Klarić; Galić, Nada; Spajić, Jelena; Prskalo, Katica

2016-12-01

To compare the awareness that students from four different faculties within the University of Zagreb have of oral health and tooth bleaching procedure. The study included 158 subjects (both male and female) - 38 students from the School of Dental Medicine and 40 students from each of the following faculties: the School of Medicine, the Faculty of Economics and the Faculty of Civil Engineering. The respondents were asked to fill out the survey with multiple choices by marking the answers they considered correct. Only 12% of the respondents followed the information on oral health. More than two thirds of all subjects brush their teeth twice a day, but there were no statistically significant differences between the subjects with respect to college or gender. More than half of the participants (55%) were satisfied, and 12% were completely satisfied with their dental appearance. About 80% of the respondents were aware of differences between teeth bleaching and teeth polishing procedures, with greater prevalence among Dental Medicine and Medicine students. 80% of all subjects would go to a dental office if they decided to whiten their teeth while less than a half (46%) of all the subjects believed that a tooth bleaching has some adverse side-effects. There is a difference in knowledge on oral hygiene and tooth bleaching between the students from the School of Dental Medicine, the School of Medicine, the Faculty of Economics and those from the Faculty of Civil Engineering. Dental students have the best knowledge on tooth bleaching and oral health, which was in accordance with their educational guidance and level of education.

In vitro comparison of passive and continuous ultrasonic irrigation in simulated lateral canals of extracted teeth.

PubMed

Castelo-Baz, Pablo; Martín-Biedma, Benjamín; Cantatore, Giuseppe; Ruíz-Piñón, Manuel; Bahillo, José; Rivas-Mundiña, Berta; Varela-Patiño, Purificación

2012-05-01

Complete endodontic system disinfection requires the removal of vital and necrotic pulp tissue, microorganisms, and toxins. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 2 ultrasonic irrigation techniques on the penetration of sodium hypochlorite into the main canal and simulated lateral canals of extracted teeth. Two simulated lateral canals each were created 2, 4, and 6 mm from the working length in 60 single-rooted teeth (6 canals/tooth, n = 360). To resemble the clinical situation, a closed system was created in each tooth. The teeth were randomly assigned to 3 experimental irrigation groups: group 1 (n = 20), positive pressure irrigation (PPI); group 2 (n = 20), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI); and group 3 (n = 20), continuous ultrasonic irrigation (CUI). Samples were evaluated by direct observation of still images recorded under a dental operating microscope. To examine irrigating solution penetration, 20% Chinese ink (Sanford Rotring GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) was added to a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution and delivered into the root canals. The results showed a significantly higher (P < .05) penetration of irrigant into the lateral canals in the CUI group. PUI and CUI did not differ significantly in solution penetration into the apical thirds of the main canals. The PPI group showed a significantly lower penetration of sodium hypochlorite into the main and lateral canals compared with the CUI and PUI groups. CUI as a final rinse significantly increased the penetration of irrigating solution into simulated lateral canals. Copyright © 2012 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Dental Caries and Enamel Defects in Very Low Birth Weight Adolescents

PubMed Central

Nelson, S.; Albert, J.M.; Lombardi, G.; Wishnek, S.; Asaad, G.; Kirchner, H.L.; Singer, L.T.

2011-01-01

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine developmental enamel defects and dental caries in very low birth weight adolescents with high risk (HR-VLBW) and low risk (LR-VLBW) compared to full-term (term) adolescents. Methods The sample consisted of 224 subjects (80 HR-VLBW, 59 LR-VLBW, 85 term adolescents) recruited from an ongoing longitudinal study. Sociodemographic and medical information was available from birth. Dental examination of the adolescent at the 14-year visit included: enamel defects (opacity and hypoplasia); decayed, missing, filled teeth of incisors and molars (DMFT-IM) and of overall permanent teeth (DMFT); Simplified Oral Hygiene Index for debris/calculus on teeth, and sealant presence. A caregiver questionnaire completed simultaneously assessed dental behavior, access, insurance status and prevention factors. Hierarchical analysis utilized the zero-inflated negative binomial model and zero-inflated Poisson model. Results The zero-inflated negative binomial model controlling for sociodemographic variables indicated that the LR-VLBW group had an estimated 75% increase (p < 0.05) in number of demarcated opacities in the incisors and first molar teeth compared to the term group. Hierarchical modeling indicated that demarcated opacities were a significant predictor of DMFT-IM after control for relevant covariates. The term adolescents had significantly increased DMFT-IM and DMFT scores compared to the LR-VLBW adolescents. Conclusion LR-VLBW was a significant risk factor for increased enamel defects in the permanent incisors and first molars. Term children had increased caries compared to the LR-VLBW group. The effect of birth group and enamel defects on caries has to be investigated longitudinally from birth. PMID:20975268

Occlusal tooth wear in Chinese adults with shortened dental arches.

PubMed

Zhang, Q; Witter, D J; Bronkhorst, E M; Bartlett, D W; Creugers, N H J

2014-02-01

To assess associations between occlusal tooth wear and shortened dental arches (SDA) in Chinese 40 years and older subjects. From a sample of 1462 urban and rural adults, those presenting with SDA (n = 150) were compared with a control group of 65 randomly selected subjects with complete dentitions (CDA). Occlusal wear was assessed using a modified Smith and Knight index - the occlusal tooth wear index (OWTI) - and analysed using multivariate (logistic) regression. There was no significant effect from SDA on severe occlusal wear (OTWI score 3 or 4: OR = 2.016; 95% CI = 0.960-4.231; P = 0.064). Higher age was associated with severe occlusal wear (P values ≤0.007) and with higher mean OTWI scores; urban had less often severe occlusal wear than rural residents (OR = 0.519; P = 0.008). Higher mean OTWI scores were associated with rural residents, except for anterior teeth. Females had lower mean OTWI score for anterior teeth (effect = -0.153; P = 0.030). Premolars in SDA had higher mean OTWI scores compared with those in CDA (effect = +0.213; P = 0.006). In SDA, more posterior occluding pairs (POPs) were associated with lower mean OTWI sores for anterior teeth (effect: -0.158; P = 0.008) and higher scores for molars (effect: +0.249, P = 0.003). Subjects with SDA or CDA presented comparable occlusal wear, but premolars in SDA tend to have higher probability for having occlusal wear. Fewer numbers of POPs were associated with more wear in anterior teeth. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

A comparison of the erosive potential of different beverages in primary and permanent teeth using an in vitro model.

PubMed

Lussi, A; Kohler, N; Zero, D; Schaffner, M; Megert, B

2000-04-01

The aim of this study was to compare the erosive potential of different beverages and foodstuffs in primary and permanent teeth. Sixty primary and 60 permanent human teeth were immersed for 3 min in the solution under study (5 teeth per treatment group). Surface microhardness was measured before and after exposure. Initial (baseline) surface microhardness was lower for primary teeth than for permanent teeth. In both primary and permanent teeth, Sprite showed the highest decrease in surface microhardness, whereas yogurt showed an increase in surface microhardness in the primary teeth. Overall decrease was 27.2 +/- 17.5 KHN (mean +/- SD) for primary and 25.9 +/- 15.6 KHN for permanent teeth. The comparison of the erosive susceptibility in this in vitro model showed that primary teeth were not more susceptible to erosion compared to permanent teeth.

Prosthodontic management of worn dentition in pediatric patient with complete overlay dentures: a case report

PubMed Central

Rastogi, Jyoti; Jain, Chandni; Singh, Harkanwal Preet

2012-01-01

Overlay complete dentures are simple, reversible and economical treatment modality for patients with congenital or acquired disorders that severely affect the tooth development. It satisfies both the esthetic and functional demands where the extraction of teeth is not generally indicated. In pediatric patients, the overlay dentures establish a relatively stable occlusion that improves patient's tolerance to the future treatment procedures for worn dentition. This clinical report highlights the imperative need of appropriate treatment strategy and application of maxillary and mandibular overlay dentures in a pediatric patient who suffered from congenitally mutilated and worn dentition. PMID:23236577

Relation between ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein, diabetes and periodontal disease in patients with and without myocardial infarction.

PubMed

Arregoces, Francina Escobar; Uriza, Catalina Latorre; Porras, Juliana Velosa; Camargo, Maria Beatriz Ferro; Morales, Alvaro Ruiz

2014-06-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of diabetes and periodontal disease in us-CRP, an inflammatory marker in patients with and without acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A case-control study was conducted in 401 subjects aged between 30 and 75 years, living in Bogotá D.C. (Colombia). Patients arriving at the emergency room of the San Ignacio University Hospital with AMI were included into the case group. The control group was defined as those subjects without AMI. The following blood tests were performed: complete blood count (CBC), glycemia, total cholesterol, triglycerides, cHDL, cLDL, and us-CRP. Patients with infections or antibiotic treatment within the last three months, who had received periodontal treatment within the six months prior to the study entry, had oral ulcerations, or less than seven teeth were excluded from the study. Periodontal disease was diagnosed based on the 1999 Armitage's classification. The mean us-CRP value found in diabetic patients with severe chronic periodontitis was 5.31 mg/L (SD 6.82), and 2.38 mg/L (SD 4.42) in non-diabetic patients, being statistically significant (p = 0.000). Diabetes had an impact in periodontal disease and us-CRP. In patients with AMI, DM and PD considerably increased the us-CRP.

The European saber-toothed cat (Homotherium latidens) found in the "Spear Horizon" at Schöningen (Germany).

PubMed

Serangeli, Jordi; Van Kolfschoten, Thijs; Starkovich, Britt M; Verheijen, Ivo

2015-12-01

The 300,000 year old Lower Paleolithic site Schöningen 13 II-4 became world famous with the discovery of the oldest well-preserved and complete wooden spears. Through ongoing excavations, new archaeological discoveries of scientific importance are still being made from the same archaeological layer where the spears were found. In this context, remains of a rare carnivore species, the European saber-toothed cat (Homotherium latidens), were recovered. Here we present five teeth and one humerus fragment that are unambiguously from two individual saber-toothed cats. The humerus is a unique specimen; it shows evidence of hominin impacts and use as a percussor. The Homotherium remains from Schöningen are the best documented finds of this species in an archaeological setting and they are amongst the youngest specimens of Homotherium in Europe. The presence of this species as a carnivore competitor would certainly have impacted the lives of late Middle Pleistocene hominins. The discovery illustrates the possible day-to-day challenges that the Schöningen hominins would have faced and suggests that the wooden spears were not necessarily only used for hunting, but possibly also as a weapon for self-defense. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Determining Liverpool Adolescents' Beliefs and Attitudes in Relation to Oral Health

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stokes, E.; Ashcroft, A.; Platt, M. J.

2006-01-01

Poor oral health is an important public health issue. Adolescents represent a challenging group in terms of oral health because they have vulnerable permanent teeth erupting at a time when they are establishing their independence from parental influence. Preventing oral disease by attempting to influence the behaviours that impact adversely on…

Impaction of Maxillary Central Incisors: Surgical and Orthodontic Treatment--Case Report.

PubMed

Knop, Luegya Amorim Henriques; Shintcovsk, Ricardo Lima; Gandini, Luiz Gonzaga; Parsekian, Lidia; Pinto, Ary Santos

2015-01-01

The aim of this paper is to report two clinical cases, which was performed with surgical exposure and orthodontic traction of a maxillary central incisors. Light forces were used during the orthodontic treatment applied on rigid wires as anchorage. It was noted that teeth presented adequate clinical crown height and gingival contours.

The Effects of Tail Docking Method on Piglets' Behavioral Responses to a Formalin Pain Test

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Routine piglet production procedures, for example teeth clipping, tail docking and castration, most likely cause pain and are under increasing scrutiny from the animal rights lobby. The objectives of this study were to assess the impact of 2 alternative methods of tail-docking on subsequent response...

Band Instrument Selection and Assignment: A Review of the Literature

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Millican, J. Si

2017-01-01

This review of the literature examines the process of matching students with band instruments as presented in academic research journals and practitioner publications. While some directors may evaluate the potential impact of students' physical characteristics such as lip size and shape, teeth and jaw structure, body build, and so forth, other…

Toothbrushing at School: Effects on Toothbrushing Behaviour, Cognitions and Habit Strength

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wind, Marianne; Kremers, Stef; Thijs, Carel; Brug, Johannes

2005-01-01

Purpose: To assess the impact of a school-based toothbrushing intervention aimed at encouraging primary school children to brush their teeth daily at school, on cognitions, toothbrushing behaviour and habit strength. Design/methodology/approach: The effects of an intervention were examined in a quasi-experimental trial among 296 fifth-graders in…

Effective of diode laser on teeth enamel in the teeth whitening treatment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klunboot, U.; Arayathanitkul, K.; Chitaree, R.; Emarat, N.

2011-12-01

This research purpose is to investigate the changing of teeth color and to study the surface of teeth after treatment by laser diode at different power densities for tooth whitening treatment. In the experiment, human-extracted teeth samples were divided into 7 groups of 6 teeth each. After that laser diode was irradiated to teeth, which were coated by 38% concentration of hydrogen peroxide, during for 20, 30 and 60 seconds at power densities of 10.9 and 52.1 W/cm2. The results of teeth color change were described by the CIEL*a*b* systems and the damage of teeth surface were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the power density of the laser diode could affect the whiteness of teeth. The high power density caused more luminous teeth than the low power density did, but on the other hand the high power density also caused damage to the teeth surface. Therefore, the laser diode at the low power densities has high efficiency for tooth whitening treatment and it has a potential for other clinical applications.

Establishing Apical Patency and its Effect on Endodontic Outcomes

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-01

canal space and periodontal ligament. Establishing apical patency is controversial with only 50% of dental programs in the United States teaching the... periodontal ligament (PDL) (1) where a small file can passively continue through the apical foramen (2). Establishing apical patency is...teeth with apical periodontitis that will eventually heal demonstrate signs of healing at 1 year follow-up, and almost 50% are completely healed

78 FR 50104 - Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, San Juan...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-16

... individuals were identified. The 60 associated funerary objects are 1 splinter awl made from deer bone, 1 tip... flakes, 47 non-human skeletal fragments and non-human teeth, and 2 bags of non-human bone. In the Federal... identified. The 34 associated funerary objects are 28 non-human bone fragments, 1 miniature bone club, and 5...

A multifactorial model of masticatory performance: the Suita study.

PubMed

Kosaka, T; Ono, T; Kida, M; Kikui, M; Yamamoto, M; Yasui, S; Nokubi, T; Maeda, Y; Kokubo, Y; Watanabe, M; Miyamoto, Y

2016-05-01

Previous studies have identified various factors related to masticatory performance. This study was aimed to investigate variations and impacts of factors related to masticatory performance among different occlusal support areas in general urban population in Japan. A total of 1875 Japanese subjects (mean age: 66·7 years) were included in the Suita study. Periodontal status was evaluated using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). The number of functional teeth and occlusal support areas (OSA) were recorded, and the latter divided into three categories of perfect, decreased and lost OSA based on the Eichner Index. Masticatory performance was determined by means of test gummy jelly. For denture wearers, masticatory performance was measured with the dentures in place. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that, when controlling for other variables, masticatory performance was significantly associated with sex, number of functional teeth, maximum bite force and periodontal status in perfect OSA. Masticatory performance was significantly associated with number of functional teeth, maximum bite force and periodontal status in decreased OSA. In lost OSA, masticatory performance was significantly associated with maximum bite force. Maximum bite force was a factor significantly influencing masticatory performance that was common to all OSA groups. After controlling for possible confounding factors, the number of functional teeth and periodontal status were common factors in the perfect and decreased OSA groups, and only sex was significant in the perfect OSA group. These findings may help in providing dietary guidance to elderly people with tooth loss or periodontal disease. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Identification of possible factors impacting dental students' ability to locate MB2 canals in maxillary molars.

PubMed

Park, Ellen; Chehroudi, Babak; Coil, Jeffrey M

2014-05-01

This study examined the effect of the access size and straight-line path of access on third-year dental students' ability to locate a second mesiobuccal (MB2) canal in maxillary first and second molars. One hundred and six third-year dental students at one Faculty of Dentistry performed simulated root canal treatment with the aid of 2x magnification loupes on extracted teeth. A postgraduate endodontic student subsequently made a reasonable search for an untreated MB2 canal with the aid of a dental operating microscope. The mesiobuccal roots were then sectioned horizontally for determination of the canal configuration. The dental students were able to treat an MB2 canal in 15.8 percent of the teeth, but this was not associated with satisfactory access criteria. The postgraduate endodontic student identified an MB2 canal in 54.7 percent of the remaining tooth samples excluding those where the MB2 canal was found by the dental students; this represented 94.3 percent of those teeth confirmed by horizontal sectioning of the root to have an MB2 canal. The postgraduate student troughed, on average, 2.6 mm before negotiating the MB2 canal. As satisfactory access criteria and straight-line path of access did not correlate with the dental students' ability to find a second mesiobuccal canal, this result has important implications for educational goals with respect to endodontic treatment of maxillary molar teeth.

Are different generations of CAD/CAM milling machines capable to produce restorations with similar quality?

PubMed

Roperto, Renato; Assaf, Hussein; Soares-Porto, Thiago; Lang, Lisa; Teich, Sorin

2016-10-01

Different CAD/CAM machines' generation may impact the restoration overall quality. The present study evaluated the marginal fit of CAD/CAM restorations manufactured with different generations of CEREC milling unit systems. Sixteen typodont teeth were divided into two groups (n=8) according to the machine's generation assigned. These are control group (G1): Cerec AC with Bluecam/Cerec 3 milling unit and (G2): Cerec AC with Bluecam/MC XL Premium Package milling unit. Scanning of the preparation were performed and crowns were milled using the Vita Mark II blocks. Blocks were cemented using epoxy glue on the pulpal floor only and finger pressure applied for 1 min. Upon completion of the cementation step, misfits between the restoration and abutment were measured by microphotography and the silicone replica technique using light body silicon material on Mesial (M) and Distal (D) surfaces. Mean and SDs of marginal gaps in micrometers were: G1/M: 94.90 (±38.52), G1/D: 88.53 (±44.87), G2/M: 85.65 (±29.89), G2/D: 95.28 (±28.13). Two-way ANOVA indicated no significant differences among different groups ( P >0.05); surface area ( P >0.05) and the interaction ( P >0.05). Overall, G2 had greater margin gaps than G1, however, without statistical difference ( P >0.05). Difference in milling unit generation did not significantly affect the marginal fit. Marginal gap means were in the range of the clinical acceptance levels for both generations of Cerec milling units, regardless the teeth site area. Key words: CAD/CAM, margin, ceramics.

Occurrence of oral health problems and planned measures in dependent older people in nursing care.

PubMed

Rantzow, Veronica; Andersson, Pia; Lindmark, Ulrika

2018-06-26

The aim of the study was to describe oral health problems and planned measures in older people receiving nursing care. Poor oral health conditions have a negative impact on the quality of life of older people. Therefore, oral care is an important task in daily nursing activities. Data were obtained from the web-based Swedish national quality register Senior Alert. Data regarding oral health status and planned measures in individuals ≥65 years from one county in Sweden between July 2014 and June 2015 were included. The Revised Oral Assessment Guide - the Jönköping (ROAG-J), was used routinely by nursing staff in nursing care facilities to measure oral health status. Oral assessments were made on 2567 individuals (65.7% women). The most common oral health problem was related to "Teeth" (43.0%), which indicates deficient oral hygiene and/or broken teeth. At least one measure was planned in all the participants. The most common planned measures were "Moistening of the mouth" (16.6%), followed by "Brushing - assistance or complete help" (13.5%). Oral health problems were common, and planned measures did not seem to be sufficient to address the identified problems. The results indicate that greater priority should be given to the oral health care of older people in nursing care. The study highlights the importance of not only identifying oral health problems but also having knowledge and strategies for oral health care. Collaboration is needed to support nurses in caring for the oral health care of older people in nursing homes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Prevalence of Dental Anomalies among School Going Children in India.

PubMed

Kathariya, Mitesh D; Nikam, Atul Pralhad; Chopra, Kirti; Patil, Namrata N; Raheja, Hitesh; Kathariya, Renuka

2013-10-01

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the prevalence of dental anomalies according to gender among children. This cross-sectional study was conducted a group of 600 children, of them 293 (48.8%) were males and 275 (45.8%) females which were taken with proper sampling technique. Type III clinical examination was done to know the prevalence of dental anomalies. The Statistical software namely SPSS version 16.0 was used for data analysis. Chi-square test was used at p value of 0.05 or less. Impactions (39.2%) were the most common anomaly in this study and most of the impacted teeth were related to maxilla. A significant difference was seen in case of hypodontia, microdontia and talons cusp according to gender in which first two anomalies were more among females and last one among males. Children with one dental anomaly were 25.8%, and 13.4% were having more than one. The percentage of dental anomalies were high specially impaction and rotated teeth. So these anomalies should be treated earlier to avoid further complications. How to cite this article: Kathariya MD, Nikam AP, Chopra K, Patil NN, Raheja H, Kathariya R. Prevalence of Dental Anomalies among School Going Children in India. J Int Oral Health 2013; 5(5):10-4.

The aesthetic impact of enamel fluorosis on Irish adolescents.

PubMed

Browne, Deirdre; Whelton, Helen; O'Mullane, Denis; Tavener, Jacqueline; Flannery, Edel

2011-04-01

To assess the impact of differing degrees of enamel fluorosis on dental aesthetics according to Irish adolescents. The same participants also aesthetically rated other variations in dental appearances including a carious lesion, bleached teeth and a demarcated opacity. One hundred and fifty adolescents examined seven identical template photographs of an attractive dental smile displaying varying levels of enamel fluorosis (TF1, TF2, TF3), a demarcated opacity, no fluorosis (TF0), anterior caries and very white or bleached teeth. By indicating their level of agreement or disagreement with five statements on a five-point Likert scale, the participants rated the aesthetic acceptability of each of the photographs. Using paired t-tests with the Bonferroni correction, it was found that the photographs depicting the very white teeth and anterior caries were rated as the most and least aesthetically pleasing images, respectively. There was no significant difference in the ratings of the photographs displaying TF0, TF1 and TF2 levels of fluorosis indicating that these photographs were viewed similarly (P>0.002). The remaining two photographs (TF3 and the demarcated opacity) were rated similarly and significantly worse (P<0.002) than the photographs showing no or low grades of fluorosis (TF0, TF1 and TF2). TF3 level of fluorosis represented the break point at which enamel fluorosis became aesthetically objectionable to these participants. Low grades of fluorosis (TF1 and TF2) were rated similarly to the photograph depicting no fluorosis (TF0). © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

Teething

MedlinePlus

Eruption of primary teeth; Well child care - teething ... 6 and 8 months old. All 20 baby teeth should be in place by the time a ... months old. Some children do not show any teeth until much later than 8 months, but this ...

Influence of different base thicknesses on maxillary complete denture processing: linear and angular graphic analysis on the movement of artificial teeth.

PubMed

Mazaro, José Vitor Quinelli; Gennari Filho, Humberto; Vedovatto, Eduardo; Amoroso, Andressa Paschoal; Pellizzer, Eduardo Piza; Zavanelli, Adriana Cristina

2011-09-01

The purpose of this study was to compare the dental movement that occurs during the processing of maxillary complete dentures with 3 different base thicknesses, using 2 investment methods, and microwave polymerization. A sample of 42 denture models was randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 7), with base thicknesses of 1.25, 2.50, and 3.75 mm and gypsum or silicone flask investment. Points were demarcated on the distal surface of the second molars and on the back of the gypsum cast at the alveolar ridge level to allow linear and angular measurement using AutoCAD software. The data were subjected to analysis of variance with double factor, Tukey test and Fisher (post hoc). Angular analysis of the varying methods and their interactions generated a statistical difference (P = 0.023) when the magnitudes of molar inclination were compared. Tooth movement was greater for thin-based prostheses, 1.25 mm (-0.234), versus thick 3.75 mm (0.2395), with antagonistic behavior. Prosthesis investment with silicone (0.053) showed greater vertical change compared with the gypsum investment (0.032). There was a difference between the point of analysis, demonstrating that the changes were not symmetric. All groups evaluated showed change in the position of artificial teeth after processing. The complete denture with a thin base (1.25 mm) and silicone investment showed the worst results, whereas intermediate thickness (2.50 mm) was demonstrated to be ideal for the denture base.

Association between oral health status and central obesity among Brazilian independent-living elderly.

PubMed

Peruchi, Carla Thais Rosada; Poli-Frederico, Regina Célia; Cardelli, Alexandrina Aparecida Maciel; Fracasso, Marina de Lourdes Calvo; Bispo, Carina Gisele Costa; Neves-Souza, Rejane Dias; Cardoso, Jefferson Rosa; Maciel, Sandra Mara

2016-10-24

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between oral health status and central obesity (CO) in Brazilian independent-living elderly. A cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample of 489 elderly, who were participants of the Study on Aging and Longevity, in Londrina, state of Parana. The number of natural teeth and use of prostheses were evaluated according to the World Health Organization criteria. The presence of CO was assessed using measures of waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR). Information concerning sociodemographic profile and some systemic conditions was also collected. Data were analyzed using stepwise logistic regression, α=5%. According to WC and WHR measures, the prevalence of central obesity was 79.3% and 76.1%, respectively. CO according to WC was not associated with oral status. Considering the WHR measure, the following oral conditions were associated to CO: having fewer natural teeth (OR = 2.61; 95%CI = 1.17-5.80), being edentulous and wearing both upper and lower complete dentures (OR = 2.34; 95%CI = 1.11-4.93), and being edentulous wearing only the upper complete denture (OR = 2.64; 95%CI = 1.01-6.95). Traditional risk factors for CO such as gender, dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes were associated with both measures. A poor oral health due to extensive tooth loss, whether partial or complete, even if rehabilitated by removable prostheses, may be considered a good predictor of CO in Brazilian independent-living elderly.

Maxillary Chronic Osteomyelitis Caused by Domestic Violence: A Diagnostic Challenge

PubMed Central

Oliveira, Tamyris Inácio; de Carli, Marina Lara; Ribeiro Junior, Noé Vital; Pereira, Alessandro Antônio Costa; Tatakis, Dimitris N.; Hanemann, João Adolfo Costa

2014-01-01

Maxillary osteomyelitis is a rare condition defined as inflammation of the bone primarily caused by odontogenic bacteria, with trauma being the second leading cause. The present report documents a rare case of maxillary osteomyelitis in a 38-year-old female who was the victim of domestic violence approximately a year prior to presentation. Intraoral examination revealed a lesion appearing as exposed bony sequestrum, with significant destruction of gingiva and alveolar mucosa in the maxillary right quadrant, accompanied by significant pain, local edema, and continued purulence. Teeth numbers 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 were mobile, not responsive to percussion, and nonvital. Treatment included antibiotic therapy for seven days followed by total enucleation of the necrotic bone tissue and extraction of the involved teeth. Microscopic findings confirmed the clinical diagnosis of chronic suppurative osteomyelitis. Six months postoperatively, the treated area presented complete healing and there was no sign of recurrence of the lesion. PMID:25610667

Human dental pulp stem cells with highly angiogenic and neurogenic potential for possible use in pulp regeneration.

PubMed

Nakashima, Misako; Iohara, Koichiro; Sugiyama, Masahiko

2009-01-01

Dental caries is a common public health problem, causing early loss of dental pulp and resultant tooth loss. Dental pulp has important functions to sustain teeth providing nutrient and oxygen supply, innervation, reactionary/reparative dentin formation and immune response. Regeneration of pulp is an unmet need in endodontic therapy, and angiogenesis/vasculogenesis and neurogenesis are critical for pulp regeneration. Permanent and deciduous pulp tissue is easily available from teeth after extraction without ethical issues and has potential for clinical use. In this review, we introduce some stem cell subfractions, CD31(-)/CD146(-) SP cells and CD105(+) cells with high angiogenic and neurogenic potential, derived from human adult dental pulp tissue. Potential utility of these cells is addressed as a source of cells for treatment of cerebral and limb ischemia and pulp inflammation complete with angiogenesis and vasculogenesis.

Comparison of debris extruded apically and working time used by ProTaper Universal rotary and ProTaper retreatment system during gutta-percha removal

PubMed Central

UEZU, Mary Kinue Nakamune; BRITTO, Maria Leticia Borges; NABESHIMA, Cleber K.; PALLOTTA, Raul Capp

2010-01-01

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro action of ProTaper retreatment files and ProTaper Universal in the retreatment of mandibular premolars. Material and methods The amount of debris extruded apically was measured and the time to reach the working length and to complete the removal of gutta-percha was observed. Thirty teeth had their canals prepared using ProTaper Universal files and were obturated by the single cone technique. The teeth were then stored at 37ºC in a humid environment for 7 days. During the use of the rotary instruments for root canal filling removal, the apical portions of the teeth were attached to the open end of a resin tube to collect the apically extruded debris. Results ProTaper Universal files were significantly faster (p=0.0011) than the ProTaper retreatment files to perform gutta-percha removal, but no significant difference was found between the files regarding the time to reach the working length or the amount of apical extrusion. Conclusions ProTaper Universal rotary had better results for endodontic retreatment, and both techniques promote similar apical extrusion of debris. PMID:21308282

A comparative evaluation of microleakage of three different newer direct composite resins using a self etching primer in class V cavities: An in vitro study

PubMed Central

Hegde, Mithra N; Vyapaka, Pallavi; Shetty, Shishir

2009-01-01

Aims/Objectives: The aim of this in vitro study is to study, measure and compare the microleakage in three different newer direct composite resins using a self-etch adhesive bonding system in class V cavities by fluorescent dye penetration technique. Materials and Methods: Class V cavities were prepared on 45 human maxillary premolar teeth. On all specimens, one coat of G-Bond (GC Japan) applied and light cured. Teeth are then equally divided into 3 groups of 15 samples each. Filtek Z350 (3M ESPE), Ceram X duo (Dentsply Asia) and Synergy D6 (Coltene/Whaledent) resin composites were placed on samples of Groups I, II and III, respectively, in increments and light cured. After polishing the restorations, the specimens were suspended in Rhodamine 6G fluorescent dye for 48 h. The teeth were then sectioned longitudinally and observed for the extent of microleakage under the florescent microscope. Statistical Analysis Used: The results were subjected to statistical analysis using Kruskal Wallis and Mann–Whitney U Test. Results: Results showed no statistically significant difference among three groups tested. Conclusions: None of the materials tested was able to completely eliminate the microleakage in class V cavities. PMID:20543926

Effect of the insertion and polymerization technique in composite resin restorations: analysis of marginal gap by atomic force microscopy.

PubMed

da Silva, Marcos Aurélio Bomfim; de Oliveira, Guilherme José Pimentel Lopes; Tonholo, Josealdo; Júnior, José Ginaldo da Silva; Santos, Lucineide de Melo; Dos Reis, José Ivo Limeira

2010-12-01

This in vitro study evaluated the marginal gap at the composite tooth/resin interface in class V cavities under the influence of two insertion techniques and a curing system by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM). Forty enamel and dentin cavities were prepared on the buccal surface in bovine teeth with quadratic forms measuring 2 mm × 2 mm and depth of 1.5 mm. The teeth were then divided into four groups: group A, 10 cavities were restored in one increment, light cured by halogen light; group B, 10 cavities filled with bulk filling, light cured by the light emitting diodes (LED); group C, 10 cavities were restored by the incremental technique, light cured by halogen light; group D, 10 cavities were restored by the incremental technique, light cured by the LED. The teeth underwent the polishing procedure and were analyzed by AFM for tooth/restoration interface evaluation. The data were compared between groups using the nonparametric Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (p < 0.05). The results showed a statistically significant difference between groups A and B and groups A and C. It was concluded that no insertion and polymerization technique was able to completely seal the cavity.

Ethnic inequalities in periodontal disease among British adults.

PubMed

Delgado-Angulo, Elsa K; Bernabé, Eduardo; Marcenes, Wagner

2016-11-01

To explore ethnic inequalities in periodontal disease among British adults, and the role of socioeconomic position (SEP) in those inequalities. We analysed data on 1925 adults aged 16-65 years, from the East London Oral Health Inequality (ELOHI) Study, which included a random sample of adults living in an ethnically diverse and socially deprived area. Participants completed a questionnaire and were clinically examined for the number of teeth with periodontal pocket depth (PPD)≥4 mm and loss of attachment (LOA)≥4 mm. Ethnic inequalities in periodontal measures were assessed in negative binomial regression models before and after adjustment for demographic (gender and age groups) and SEP indicators (education and socioeconomic classification). Compared to White British, Pakistani, Indian, Bangladeshi and Asian Others had more teeth with PPD≥4 mm whereas White East European, Black African and Bangladeshi had more teeth with LOA≥4 mm, after adjustments for demographic and SEP measures. The association of ethnicity with periodontal disease was moderated by education, but not by socioeconomic classification. Stratified analysis showed that ethnic disparities in the two periodontal measures were limited to more educated groups. This study showed considerable ethnic disparities in periodontal disease between and within the major ethnic categories. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Salishicetus meadi, a new aetiocetid from the late Oligocene of Washington State and implications for feeding transitions in early mysticete evolution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peredo, Carlos Mauricio; Pyenson, Nicholas D.

2018-04-01

Living baleen whales, or Mysticeti, lack teeth and instead feed using keratinous baleen plates to sieve prey-laden water. This feeding strategy is profoundly different from that of their toothed ancestors, which processed prey using the differentiated dentition characteristic of mammals. The fossil record of mysticetes reveals stem members that include extinct taxa with dentition, illuminating the morphological states that preceded the loss of teeth and the subsequent origin of baleen. The relationships among stem mysticetes, including putative clades such as Mammalodontidae and Aetiocetidae, remain debatable. Aetiocetids are among the more species-rich clade of stem mysticetes, and known only from fossil localities along the North Pacific coastline. Here, we report a new aetiocetid, Salishicetus meadi gen. et sp. nov, from the late Oligocene of Washington State, USA. Salishicetus preserves a near-complete lower dentition with extensive occlusal wear, indicating that it processed prey using shearing cheek teeth in the same way as its stem cetacean ancestors. Using a matrix with all known species of aetiocetids, we recover a monophyletic Aetiocetidae, crownward of a basal clade of Mammalodontidae. The description of Salishicetus resolves phylogenetic relationships among aetiocetids, which provides a basis for reconstructing ancestral feeding morphology along the stem leading to crown Mysticeti.

Retention of Moisture-tolerant and Conventional Resin-based Sealant in Six- to Nine-year-old Children.

PubMed

Khatri, Sachin G; Samuel, Srinivasan Raj; Acharya, Shashidhar; Patil, Snehal; Madan, Kavita

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the retention rates and development of caries in permanent molars in children sealed with moisture-tolerant, resin-based (Embrace WetBond), and conventional resin-based (Helioseal) sealant over a period of one year. This was a double blind, split-mouth, randomized controlled trial among six- to nine-year-olds. Sixty-eight permanent mandibular first molars in 34 children were randomly assigned to be sealed with Embrace WetBond or Helioseal sealant. The final sample was 32 children with 64 teeth. At 12 months, 23 of 32 (72 percent) sealants were completely retained in Embrace WetBond, whereas only 16 of 32 (50 percent) were retained in the Helioseal group. There was a statistically significant difference in retention rates of Embrace WetBond and Helioseal sealants at 12 months (P<.05). At 12 months follow-up, only two teeth developed caries in Embrace WetBond; in the Helioseal group, five teeth developed caries (two initial and three enamel caries). Embrace WetBond was superior to Helioseal sealant, as Embrace exhibited higher retention and lower caries scores. Embrace WetBond can be preferred over conventional resin-based sealants for community and outreach sealant programs where use of rubber dam for moisture control is difficult to practice.

Flexibility effects on tooth contact location in spiral bevel gear transmissions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Altidis, P. C.; Savage, M.

1987-01-01

An analytical method to predict the shift of the contact ellipse between the meshing teeth in a spiral bevel gear set is presented in this report. The contact ellipse shift of interest is the motion of the nominal tooth contact location on each tooth from the ideal pitch point to the point of contact between the two teeth considering the elastic motions of the gears and their supporting shafts. This is the shift of the pitch point from the ideal, unloaded position on each tooth to the nominal contact location on the tooth when the gears are fully loaded. It is assumed that the major contributors of this motion are the elastic deflections of the gear shafts, the slopes of the shafts under load and the radial deflections of the four gear shaft bearings. The motions of the two pitch point locations on the pinion and the gear tooth surfaces are calculated in a FORTRAN program which also calculates the size and orientation of the Hertzian contact ellipse on the tooth faces. Based on the curvatures of the two spiral bevel gear teeth and the size of the contact ellipse, the program also predicts the basic dynamic capacity of the tooth pair. A complete numerical example is given to illustrate the use of the program.

Assessing the influence of skin color and tooth shade value on perceived smile attractiveness.

PubMed

Sabherwal, Ruchika S; Gonzalez, Juan; Naini, Farhad B

2009-06-01

The authors conducted a study to determine whether variations in skin color would influence perceptions of smile attractiveness for a given tooth shade value. Using a photograph of a woman smiling, the authors altered skin color to consist of four tones (fair, fair/medium, medium/dark and dark) and altered tooth shade value (brightness) to range from 00 (brightest) to 05 (darkest). Two groups of judges (70 dentists, 70 laypeople) completed a questionnaire and rated the images for smile attractiveness. For most tooth shade values (00, 01, 03, 04, 05), multiple mixed linear regression showed that variation in skin color influenced respondents' perceptions of smile attractiveness (P < .001). For images corresponding to tooth shade values 01, 02, 03, 04 and 05, men provided lower ratings than did women (P < .05). Attractiveness ratings increased with the age of participants (P < .05). Dentists rated images higher than did laypeople (P < .05). Variation in skin color for most tooth shade values influenced dentists' and laypeople's perceived smile attractiveness. Dentists and laypeople did not perceive the brightest tooth shade to be the most attractive, and they did not perceive all skin colors to be equally attractive with bright white teeth. Respondents perceived dark skin with bright white teeth and fair skin with dark teeth as relatively unattractive.

N-cadherin is required for cytodifferentiation during zebrafish odontogenesis.

PubMed

Verstraeten, B; van Hengel, J; Sanders, E; Van Roy, F; Huysseune, A

2013-04-01

N-cadherin is a well-studied classic cadherin involved in multiple developmental processes and is also known to have a signaling function. Using the zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model, we tested the hypothesis that tooth morphogenesis is accompanied by dynamic changes in N-cadherin distribution and that absence of N-cadherin disturbs tooth development. N-cadherin, encoded by the gene cdh2, is absent during the initiation and morphogenesis stages of both primary (first-generation) and replacement teeth, as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. However, N-cadherin is up-regulated at the onset of differentiation of cells of the inner dental epithelium and the dental papilla, i.e., the ameloblasts and odontoblasts, respectively. In the inner dental epithelium, N-cadherin is co-expressed with E-cadherin, excluding the occurrence of cadherin switching such as observed during human tooth development. While early lethality of N-cadherin knockout mice prevents any functional study of N-cadherin in mouse odontogenesis, zebrafish parachute (pac) mutants, deficient for N-cadherin, survive beyond the age when primary teeth normally start to form. In these mutants, the first tooth forms, but its development stops at the early cytodifferentiation stage. N-cadherin deficiency also completely inhibits the development of the other first-generation teeth, possibly due to the absence of N-cadherin signaling once the first tooth has differentiated.

Measuring the short-term impact of fluoridation cessation on dental caries in Grade 2 children using tooth surface indices.

PubMed

McLaren, Lindsay; Patterson, Steven; Thawer, Salima; Faris, Peter; McNeil, Deborah; Potestio, Melissa; Shwart, Luke

2016-06-01

To examine the short-term impact of fluoridation cessation on children's caries experience measured by tooth surfaces. If there is an adverse short-term effect of cessation, it should be apparent when we focus on smooth tooth surfaces, where fluoride is most likely to have an impact for the age group and time frame considered in this study. We examined data from population-based samples of school children (Grade 2) in two similar cities in the province of Alberta, Canada: Calgary, where cessation occurred in May 2011 and Edmonton where fluoridation remains in place. We analysed change over time (2004/2005 to 2013/2014) in summary data for primary (defs) and permanent (DMFS) teeth for Calgary and Edmonton, for all tooth surfaces and smooth surfaces only. We also considered, for 2013/2014 only, the exposed subsample defined as lifelong residents who reported usually drinking tap water. We observed, across the full sample, an increase in primary tooth decay (mean defs - all surfaces and smooth surfaces) in both cities, but the magnitude of the increase was greater in Calgary (F-cessation) than in Edmonton (F-continued). For permanent tooth decay, when focusing on smooth surfaces among those affected (those with DMFS>0), we observed a non-significant trend towards an increase in Calgary (F-cessation) that was not apparent in Edmonton (F-continued). Trends observed for primary teeth were consistent with an adverse effect of fluoridation cessation on children's tooth decay, 2.5-3 years post-cessation. Trends for permanent teeth hinted at early indication of an adverse effect. It is important that future data collection efforts in the two cities be undertaken, to permit continued monitoring of these trends. © 2016 The Authors. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Pharyngeal teeth of the freshwater drum (Aplodinotus grunniens) a predator of the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha)

USGS Publications Warehouse

French, John R. P.

1997-01-01

The morphology of pharyngeal teeth of freshwater drum (Aplodinotus grunniens) was studied to determine changes that occur during growth of drum that may relate to consumption of zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) by larger fish. Pharyngeal teeth were of three types. Cardiform teeth were replaced by villiform teeth, which were replaced by molariform teeth as the size class of drum increased. Molariform teeth comprised over 85% of total surface area of dentition in fish 265 mm long.

Oral health in the Japan self-defense forces - a representative survey

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background The oral health of military populations is usually not very well characterized compared to civilian populations. The aim of this study was to investigate two physical oral health characteristics and one perceived oral health measure and their correlation in the Japan self-defense forces (JSDF). Methods Number of missing teeth, denture status, and OHRQoL as evaluated by the Japanese 14-item version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-J14) as well as the correlation between these oral health measures was investigated in 911 personnel in the JSDF. Results Subjects did not have a substantial number of missing teeth and only 4% used removable dentures. The mean OHIP-J14 score was 4.6 ± 6.7 units. The magnitude of the correlation between the number of missing teeth with OHIP-J14 scores was small (r = 0.22, p < 0.001). Mean OHIP-J14 scores differed between subjects with and without dentures (8.6 and 4.4, p < 0.001). Conclusions Compared to Japanese civilian populations, personnel of the JSDF demonstrated good oral health. Two physical oral health characteristics were associated with perceived oral health. PMID:21501526

[Diagnossis and treatment of complicated anterior teeth esthetic defects by combination of whole-process digital esthetic rehabilitation with periodontic surgery].

PubMed

Li, Z; Liu, Y S; Ye, H Q; Liu, Y S; Hu, W J; Zhou, Y S

2017-02-18

To explore a new method of whole-process digital esthetic prosthodontic rehabilitation combined with periodontic surgery for complicated anterior teeth esthetic defects accompanied by soft tissue morphology, to provide an alternative choice for solving this problem under the guidance of three-dimensional (3D) printing digital dental model and surgical guide, thus completing periodontic surgery and digital esthetic rehabilitation of anterior teeth. In this study, 12 patients with complicated esthetic problems accompanied by soft tissue morphology in their anterior teeth were included. The dentition and facial images were obtained by intra-oral scanning and three-dimensional (3D) facial scanning and then calibrated. Two esthetic designs and prosthodontic outcome predictions were created by computer aided design /computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) software combined with digital photography, including consideration of white esthetics and comprehensive consideration of pink-white esthetics. The predictive design of prostheses and the facial appearances of the two designs were evaluated by the patients. If the patients chose the design of comprehensive consideration of pink-white esthetics, they would choose whether they would receive periodontic surgery before esthetic rehabilitation. The dentition design cast of those who chose periodontic surgery would be 3D printed for the guide of periodontic surgery accordingly. In light of the two digital designs based on intra-oral scanning, facing scanning and digital photography, the satisfaction rate of the patients was significantly higher for the comprehensive consideration of pink-white esthetic design (P<0.05) and more patients tended to choose priodontic surgery before esthetic rehabilitation. The 3D printed digital dental model and surgical guide provided significant instructions for periodontic surgery, and achieved success transfer from digital design to clinical application. The prostheses were fabricated by CAD/CAM, thus realizing the whole-process digital esthetic rehabilitation. The new method for esthetic rehabilitation of complicated anterior teeth esthetic defects accompanied by soft tissue morphology, including patient-involved digital esthetic analysis, design, esthetic outcome prediction, 3D printing surgical guide for periodontic surgery and digital fabrication is a practical technology. This method is useful for improvement of clinical communication efficiency between doctor-patient, doctor-technician and doctors from different departments, and is conducive to multidisciplinary treatment of this complicated anterior teeth esthetic problem.

Biology of soft tissue wound healing and regeneration--consensus report of Group 1 of the 10th European Workshop on Periodontology.

PubMed

Hämmerle, Christoph H F; Giannobile, William V

2014-04-01

The scope of this consensus was to review the biological processes of soft tissue wound healing in the oral cavity and to histologically evaluate soft tissue healing in clinical and pre-clinical models. To review the current knowledge regarding the biological processes of soft tissue wound healing at teeth, implants and on the edentulous ridge. Furthermore, to review soft tissue wound healing at these sites, when using barrier membranes, growth and differentiation factors and soft tissue substitutes. Searches of the literature with respect to recessions at teeth and soft tissue deficiencies at implants, augmentation of the area of keratinized tissue and soft tissue volume were conducted. The available evidence was collected, categorized and summarized. Oral mucosal and skin wound healing follow a similar pattern of the four phases of haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and maturation/matrix remodelling. The soft connective tissue determines the characteristics of the overlaying oral epithelium. Within 7-14 days, epithelial healing of surgical wounds at teeth is completed. Soft tissue healing following surgery at implants requires 6-8 weeks for maturation. The resulting tissue resembles scar tissue. Well-designed pre-clinical studies providing histological data have been reported describing soft tissue wound healing, when using barrier membranes, growth and differentiation factors and soft tissue substitutes. Few controlled clinical studies with low numbers of patients are available for some of the treatments reviewed at teeth. Whereas, histological new attachment has been demonstrated in pre-clinical studies resulting from some of the treatments reviewed, human histological data commonly report a lack of new attachment but rather long junctional epithelial attachment and connective tissue adhesion. Regarding soft tissue healing at implants human data are very scarce. Oral soft tissue healing at teeth, implants and the edentulous ridge follows the same phases as skin wound healing. Histological studies in humans have not reported new attachment formation at teeth for the indications studied. Human histological data of soft tissue wound healing at implants are limited. The use of barriers membranes, growth and differentiation factors and soft tissue substitutes for the treatment of localized gingival/mucosal recessions, insufficient amount of keratinized tissue and insufficient soft tissue volume is at a developing stage. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Histogenesis and disappearance of the teeth of the Mekong giant catfish, Pangasianodon gigas (Teleostei).

PubMed

Kakizawa, Yoshiko; Meenakarn, Wanpen

2003-12-01

Juveniles of the Mekong giant catfish, Pangasianodon gigas (Teleostei), have 3 sorts of tooth-upper and lower jaw teeth, palatal teeth, and pharyngeal teeth--but adults are toothless. To investigate the histogenesis and disappearance of the teeth, we made serial sections of the mouth and teeth of juvenile fish at 10 developmental stages (from ca. 8.5 to ca. 30 cm in total length) and examined them under scanning electron microscope and light microscope. Observations of teeth and surrounding tissues in the serial sections revealed the process of tooth resorption by active odontoclast-like cells. Numbers of jaw and palatal teeth decreased with age. When the fish reached ca. 14 cm in total length, the numbers of functional upper jaw teeth and successional tooth germs decreased rapidly, and the developmental rate of successional tooth germs slowed. When the fish reached ca. 24 cm, no teeth existed in the upper jaw. It is clear that tooth disappearance results from the shedding of functional teeth and the lack of replacement tooth germs.

Intentional replantation of adhesively reattached vertically fractured maxillary single-rooted teeth.

PubMed

Nizam, N; Kaval, M E; Gürlek, Ö; Atila, A; Çalışkan, M K

2016-03-01

To evaluate the clinical outcomes of intentionally replanted maxillary single-rooted teeth with vertical root fractures (VRFs) after being repaired extraorally using 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride/methacrylate-tri-n-butyl borane (4-META/MMA-TBB) resin cement. Twenty-one root filled maxillary single-rooted teeth with VRFs were evaluated. After atraumatic extraction, fractured fragments were adhesively cemented. The teeth were then replanted and splinted to the neighbouring teeth for 2 weeks. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months, and radiographic evaluations were made using PAI scores at baseline and 12 months. Mobility was evaluated using periotest values (PTV) at baseline, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Replanted teeth, contralateral teeth (control teeth) and adjacent teeth were analysed statistically using repeated measures one-way anova, unpaired t-tests and Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank tests. Two teeth were extracted in the first month after surgery. PI, GI, CAL and PD scores of the replanted teeth were significantly lower at 6 month (P < 0.0001 for all) and 12 month (P < 0.0001 for all) postoperatively when compared to baseline, but the values were not significantly different from those of the control and adjacent teeth. PTV of the test teeth increased significantly (P < 0.0001) after the intervention and decreased to baseline levels by month 12. PTVs were significantly higher (P < 0.05) at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months in the test teeth when compared with the control teeth, but were not significantly different at month 12. PAI scores of teeth with VRF were significantly lower (P < 0.05) at 12 months compared with baseline. Adhesive cementation and intentional replantation were an effective treatment modality for this group of vertically fractured maxillary single-rooted teeth. The clinical periodontal parameters decrease by month 6, and the mobility returned to the physiological limits of natural teeth 12 months after replantation. © 2015 International Endodontic Journal. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.