Systems Librarian and Automation Review.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schuyler, Michael

1992-01-01

Discusses software sharing on computer networks and the need for proper bandwidth; and describes the technology behind FidoNet, a computer network made up of electronic bulletin boards. Network features highlighted include front-end mailers, Zone Mail Hour, Nodelist, NetMail, EchoMail, computer conferences, tosser and scanner programs, and host…

A low-cost vector processor boosting compute-intensive image processing operations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Adorf, Hans-Martin

1992-01-01

Low-cost vector processing (VP) is within reach of everyone seriously engaged in scientific computing. The advent of affordable add-on VP-boards for standard workstations complemented by mathematical/statistical libraries is beginning to impact compute-intensive tasks such as image processing. A case in point in the restoration of distorted images from the Hubble Space Telescope. A low-cost implementation is presented of the standard Tarasko-Richardson-Lucy restoration algorithm on an Intel i860-based VP-board which is seamlessly interfaced to a commercial, interactive image processing system. First experience is reported (including some benchmarks for standalone FFT's) and some conclusions are drawn.

Recycling of WEEE: characterization of spent printed circuit boards from mobile phones and computers.

PubMed

Yamane, Luciana Harue; de Moraes, Viviane Tavares; Espinosa, Denise Crocce Romano; Tenório, Jorge Alberto Soares

2011-12-01

This paper presents a comparison between printed circuit boards from computers and mobile phones. Since printed circuits boards are becoming more complex and smaller, the amount of materials is constantly changing. The main objective of this work was to characterize spent printed circuit boards from computers and mobile phones applying mineral processing technique to separate the metal, ceramic, and polymer fractions. The processing was performed by comminution in a hammer mill, followed by particle size analysis, and by magnetic and electrostatic separation. Aqua regia leaching, loss-on-ignition and chemical analysis (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy - ICP-OES) were carried out to determine the composition of printed circuit boards and the metal rich fraction. The composition of the studied mobile phones printed circuit boards (PCB-MP) was 63 wt.% metals; 24 wt.% ceramics and 13 wt.% polymers; and of the printed circuit boards from studied personal computers (PCB-PC) was 45 wt.% metals; 27 wt.% polymers and ceramics 28 wt.% ceramics. The chemical analysis showed that copper concentration in printed circuit boards from personal computers was 20 wt.% and in printed circuit boards from mobile phones was 34.5 wt.%. According to the characteristics of each type of printed circuit board, the recovery of precious metals may be the main goal of the recycling process of printed circuit boards from personal computers and the recovery of copper should be the main goal of the recycling process of printed circuit boards from mobile phones. Hence, these printed circuit boards would not be mixed prior treatment. The results of this paper show that copper concentration is increasing in mobile phones and remaining constant in personal computers. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

47 CFR 15.102 - CPU boards and power supplies used in personal computers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... computers. 15.102 Section 15.102 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL RADIO FREQUENCY DEVICES Unintentional Radiators § 15.102 CPU boards and power supplies used in personal computers. (a... modifications that must be made to a personal computer, peripheral device, CPU board or power supply during...

47 CFR 15.102 - CPU boards and power supplies used in personal computers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... computers. 15.102 Section 15.102 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL RADIO FREQUENCY DEVICES Unintentional Radiators § 15.102 CPU boards and power supplies used in personal computers. (a... modifications that must be made to a personal computer, peripheral device, CPU board or power supply during...

47 CFR 15.102 - CPU boards and power supplies used in personal computers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... computers. 15.102 Section 15.102 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL RADIO FREQUENCY DEVICES Unintentional Radiators § 15.102 CPU boards and power supplies used in personal computers. (a... modifications that must be made to a personal computer, peripheral device, CPU board or power supply during...

47 CFR 15.102 - CPU boards and power supplies used in personal computers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... computers. 15.102 Section 15.102 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL RADIO FREQUENCY DEVICES Unintentional Radiators § 15.102 CPU boards and power supplies used in personal computers. (a... modifications that must be made to a personal computer, peripheral device, CPU board or power supply during...

47 CFR 15.102 - CPU boards and power supplies used in personal computers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... computers. 15.102 Section 15.102 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL RADIO FREQUENCY DEVICES Unintentional Radiators § 15.102 CPU boards and power supplies used in personal computers. (a... modifications that must be made to a personal computer, peripheral device, CPU board or power supply during...

A Review of MS-DOS Bulletin Board Software Suitable for Long Distance Learning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sessa, Anneliese

This paper describes the advantages of using computer bulletin boards systems (BBS) for distance learning, including the use of the New York City Education Network (NYCENET) to access various databases and to communicate with individuals or the public. Questions to be answered in order to determine the most appropriate software for running a BBS…

Smart Board in the Music Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baker, Jean

2007-01-01

A Smart Board is an interactive whiteboard connected to a computer and a data projector. Images can be projected on the board, and the Smart Board can be used as a computer. A person can control the computer using his finger, and can mark directly on the screen using various colors. Best of all, users can easily import many types of information,…

20 CFR 229.41 - When a spouse can no longer be included in computing an annuity rate under the overall minimum.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD RETIREMENT ACT SOCIAL SECURITY OVERALL MINIMUM GUARANTEE When... annuity rate under the overall minimum. A spouse's inclusion in the computation of the overall minimum...

An interactive wire-wrap board layout program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schlutsmeyer, A.

1987-01-01

An interactive computer-graphics-based tool for specifying the placement of electronic parts on a wire-wrap circuit board is presented. Input is a data file (currently produced by a commercial logic design system) which describes the parts used and their interconnections. Output includes printed reports describing the parts and wire paths, parts counts, placement lists, board drawing, and a tape to send to the wire-wrap vendor. The program should reduce the engineer's layout time by a factor of 3 to 5 as compared to manual methods.

49 CFR 800.2 - Organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Administrator in refusing to issue airman certificates. (e) The Office of Aviation Safety, which conducts... Board's information technology infrastructure, including computer systems, networks, databases, and...

49 CFR 800.2 - Organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Administrator in refusing to issue airman certificates. (e) The Office of Aviation Safety, which conducts... Board's information technology infrastructure, including computer systems, networks, databases, and...

49 CFR 800.2 - Organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Administrator in refusing to issue airman certificates. (e) The Office of Aviation Safety, which conducts... Board's information technology infrastructure, including computer systems, networks, databases, and...

Data collection with the ACTS propagation terminal

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Remaklus, Will

1993-01-01

Viewgraphs on data collection with the ACTS propagation terminal are included. Topics covered include: DACS system overview; DACS board; APT data collection computer; APT software downloading; data storage for APT; and ACTS propagation experiment data flow.

Industry involvement in IPAD through the Industry Technical Advisory Board

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Swanson, W. E.

1980-01-01

In 1976 NASA awarded The Boeing Company a contract to develop IPAD (Integrated Programs for Aerospace-Vehicle Design). This contract included a requirement for Boeing to form an Industrial Technical Advisory Board (ITAB), with members representing major aerospace and computer companies. The purpose of this board was to guide the development of IPAD. The specific goal of IPAD is to increase United States aerospace industry productivity through the application of computers to manage engineering data. This goal clearly is attainable; in fact, IPAD's influence can reach beyond the aerospace industry to many businesses where product development is based on the design-building process. An enhanced IPAD, therefore, is a national asset of significance. The role of ITAB in guiding the development of this system is described.

Digital data, composite video multiplexer and demultiplexer boards for an IBM PC/AT compatible computer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, Dean Lance

1993-01-01

Work continued on the design of two IBM PC/AT compatible computer interface boards. The boards will permit digital data to be transmitted over a composite video channel from the Orbiter. One board combines data with a composite video signal. The other board strips the data from the video signal.

The Maturation of Norms for Computer-Mediated Communication.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Newby, Gregory B.

1993-01-01

Analyzes the communication norms of the major forms of computer-mediated communication, including electronic mail, mailing lists, Usenet and other bulletin board systems, interactive messaging, multiuser domains (MUDs), and mass-broadcast media. New uses and the development of standards, or norms, are discussed. (Contains 11 references.) (LRW)

Networking and Microcomputers. ERIC Digest.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klausmeier, Jane

Computer networks can fall into three broad categories--local area networks (LAN), microcomputer based messaging systems (this includes computer bulletin board systems), or commercial information systems. Many of the same types of activities take place within the three categories. The major differences are the types of information available and…

The Online Underworld.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scrogan, Len

1988-01-01

Discusses some of the misuses of telecommunicating using school computers, including online piracy, hacking, phreaking, online crime, and destruction boards. Suggests ways that schools can deal with these problems. (TW)

Next Processor Module: A Hardware Accelerator of UT699 LEON3-FT System for On-Board Computer Software Simulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Langlois, Serge; Fouquet, Olivier; Gouy, Yann; Riant, David

2014-08-01

On-Board Computers (OBC) are more and more using integrated systems on-chip (SOC) that embed processors running from 50MHz up to several hundreds of MHz, and around which are plugged some dedicated communication controllers together with other Input/Output channels.For ground testing and On-Board SoftWare (OBSW) validation purpose, a representative simulation of these systems, faster than real-time and with cycle-true timing of execution, is not achieved with current purely software simulators.Since a few years some hybrid solutions where put in place ([1], [2]), including hardware in the loop so as to add accuracy and performance in the computer software simulation.This paper presents the results of the works engaged by Thales Alenia Space (TAS-F) at the end of 2010, that led to a validated HW simulator of the UT699 by mid- 2012 and that is now qualified and fully used in operational contexts.

Risk Mitigation for the Development of the New Ariane 5 On-Board Computer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stransky, Arnaud; Chevalier, Laurent; Dubuc, Francois; Conde-Reis, Alain; Ledoux, Alain; Miramont, Philippe; Johansson, Leif

2010-08-01

In the frame of the Ariane 5 production, some equipment will become obsolete and need to be redesigned and redeveloped. This is the case for the On-Board Computer, which has to be completely redesigned and re-qualified by RUAG Space, as well as all its on-board software and associated development tools by ASTRIUM ST. This paper presents this obsolescence treatment, which has started in 2007 under an ESA contract, in the frame of ACEP and ARTA accompaniment programmes, and is very critical in technical term but also from schedule point of view: it gives the context and overall development plan, and details the risk mitigation actions agreed with ESA, especially those related to the development of the input/output ASIC, and also the on-board software porting and revalidation strategy. The efficiency of these risk mitigation actions has been proven by the outcome schedule; this development constitutes an up-to-date case for good practices, including some experience report and feedback for future other developments.

The President's Report, 1983-84.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bok, Derek

The 1983-84 annual report of the President of Harvard University to members of the Board of Overseers addresses the advantages and disadvantages of the utilization of new technologies by a university, comments on the instructional uses of computers (including computer assisted instruction (CAI)) and video technology, and cites specific examples in…

20 CFR 802.221 - Computation of time.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Computation of time. 802.221 Section 802.221 Employees' Benefits BENEFITS REVIEW BOARD, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR RULES OF PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE Prereview... provide otherwise, the day from which the designated period of time begins to run shall not be included...

Language Use in Asynchronous Computer-Mediated Communication in Taiwan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huang, Daphne Li-jung

2009-01-01

This paper describes how Chinese-English bilinguals in Taiwan use their languages in asynchronous computer-mediated communication, specifically, via Bulletin Board System (BBS) and email. The main data includes two types: emails collected from a social network and postings collected from two BBS websites. By examining patterns of language choice…

Automatic maintenance payload on board of a Mexican LEO microsatellite

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vicente-Vivas, Esaú; García-Nocetti, Fabián; Mendieta-Jiménez, Francisco

2006-02-01

Few research institutions from Mexico work together to finalize the integration of a technological demonstration microsatellite called Satex, aiming the launching of the first ever fully designed and manufactured domestic space vehicle. The project is based on technical knowledge gained in previous space experiences, particularly in developing GASCAN automatic experiments for NASA's space shuttle, and in some support obtained from the local team which assembled the México-OSCAR-30 microsatellites. Satex includes three autonomous payloads and a power subsystem, each one with a local microcomputer to provide intelligent and dedicated control. It also contains a flight computer (FC) with a pair of full redundancies. This enables the remote maintenance of processing boards from the ground station. A fourth communications payload depends on the flight computer for control purposes. A fifth payload was decided to be developed for the satellite. It adds value to the available on-board computers and extends the opportunity for a developing country to learn and to generate domestic space technology. Its aim is to provide automatic maintenance capabilities for the most critical on-board computer in order to achieve continuous satellite operations. This paper presents the virtual computer architecture specially developed to provide maintenance capabilities to the flight computer. The architecture is periodically implemented by software with a small amount of physical processors (FC processors) and virtual redundancies (payload processors) to emulate a hybrid redundancy computer. Communications among processors are accomplished over a fault-tolerant LAN. This allows a versatile operating behavior in terms of data communication as well as in terms of distributed fault tolerance. Obtained results, payload validation and reliability results are also presented.

Rapid Onboard Trajectory Design for Autonomous Spacecraft in Multibody Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Trumbauer, Eric Michael

This research develops automated, on-board trajectory planning algorithms in order to support current and new mission concepts. These include orbiter missions to Phobos or Deimos, Outer Planet Moon orbiters, and robotic and crewed missions to small bodies. The challenges stem from the limited on-board computing resources which restrict full trajectory optimization with guaranteed convergence in complex dynamical environments. The approach taken consists of leveraging pre-mission computations to create a large database of pre-computed orbits and arcs. Such a database is used to generate a discrete representation of the dynamics in the form of a directed graph, which acts to index these arcs. This allows the use of graph search algorithms on-board in order to provide good approximate solutions to the path planning problem. Coupled with robust differential correction and optimization techniques, this enables the determination of an efficient path between any boundary conditions with very little time and computing effort. Furthermore, the optimization methods developed here based on sequential convex programming are shown to have provable convergence properties, as well as generating feasible major iterates in case of a system interrupt -- a key requirement for on-board application. The outcome of this project is thus the development of an algorithmic framework which allows the deployment of this approach in a variety of specific mission contexts. Test cases related to missions of interest to NASA and JPL such as a Phobos orbiter and a Near Earth Asteroid interceptor are demonstrated, including the results of an implementation on the RAD750 flight processor. This method fills a gap in the toolbox being developed to create fully autonomous space exploration systems.

47 CFR 15.32 - Test procedures for CPU boards and computer power supplies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... result in a complete personal computer system. If the oscillator and the microprocessor circuits are... microprocessor circuits are contained on separate circuit boards, both boards, typical of the combination that...

47 CFR 15.32 - Test procedures for CPU boards and computer power supplies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... result in a complete personal computer system. If the oscillator and the microprocessor circuits are... microprocessor circuits are contained on separate circuit boards, both boards, typical of the combination that...

47 CFR 15.32 - Test procedures for CPU boards and computer power supplies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... result in a complete personal computer system. If the oscillator and the microprocessor circuits are... microprocessor circuits are contained on separate circuit boards, both boards, typical of the combination that...

47 CFR 15.32 - Test procedures for CPU boards and computer power supplies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... result in a complete personal computer system. If the oscillator and the microprocessor circuits are... microprocessor circuits are contained on separate circuit boards, both boards, typical of the combination that...

47 CFR 15.32 - Test procedures for CPU boards and computer power supplies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... result in a complete personal computer system. If the oscillator and the microprocessor circuits are... microprocessor circuits are contained on separate circuit boards, both boards, typical of the combination that...

CometBoards Users Manual Release 1.0

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Guptill, James D.; Coroneos, Rula M.; Patnaik, Surya N.; Hopkins, Dale A.; Berke, Lazlo

1996-01-01

Several nonlinear mathematical programming algorithms for structural design applications are available at present. These include the sequence of unconstrained minimizations technique, the method of feasible directions, and the sequential quadratic programming technique. The optimality criteria technique and the fully utilized design concept are two other structural design methods. A project was undertaken to bring all these design methods under a common computer environment so that a designer can select any one of these tools that may be suitable for his/her application. To facilitate selection of a design algorithm, to validate and check out the computer code, and to ascertain the relative merits of the design tools, modest finite element structural analysis programs based on the concept of stiffness and integrated force methods have been coupled to each design method. The code that contains both these design and analysis tools, by reading input information from analysis and design data files, can cast the design of a structure as a minimum-weight optimization problem. The code can then solve it with a user-specified optimization technique and a user-specified analysis method. This design code is called CometBoards, which is an acronym for Comparative Evaluation Test Bed of Optimization and Analysis Routines for the Design of Structures. This manual describes for the user a step-by-step procedure for setting up the input data files and executing CometBoards to solve a structural design problem. The manual includes the organization of CometBoards; instructions for preparing input data files; the procedure for submitting a problem; illustrative examples; and several demonstration problems. A set of 29 structural design problems have been solved by using all the optimization methods available in CometBoards. A summary of the optimum results obtained for these problems is appended to this users manual. CometBoards, at present, is available for Posix-based Cray and Convex computers, Iris and Sun workstations, and the VM/CMS system.

Multidisciplinary analysis and design of printed wiring boards

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fulton, Robert E.; Hughes, Joseph L.; Scott, Waymond R., Jr.; Umeagukwu, Charles; Yeh, Chao-Pin

1991-04-01

Modern printed wiring board design depends on electronic prototyping using computer-based simulation and design tools. Existing electrical computer-aided design (ECAD) tools emphasize circuit connectivity with only rudimentary analysis capabilities. This paper describes a prototype integrated PWB design environment denoted Thermal Structural Electromagnetic Testability (TSET) being developed at Georgia Tech in collaboration with companies in the electronics industry. TSET provides design guidance based on enhanced electrical and mechanical CAD capabilities including electromagnetic modeling testability analysis thermal management and solid mechanics analysis. TSET development is based on a strong analytical and theoretical science base and incorporates an integrated information framework and a common database design based on a systematic structured methodology.

Connect Computer Education to Policies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kimmelman, Paul

1985-01-01

The computer phenomenon has made rapid inroads into school curricula, often without proper board guidance or approval. Accordingly, this pamphlet discusses why and how computer education should be provided in schools and sets forth guidelines for school board policy regarding computers. An umbrella policy is proposed, defining "computer literacy"…

Business and Technology Concepts--Business Computations. Teacher's Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Illinois State Board of Education, Springfield. Dept. of Adult, Vocational and Technical Education.

This Illinois State Board of Education teacher's guide on business computations is for students enrolled in the 9th or 10th grade. The course provides a foundation in arithmetic skills and their applications to common business problems for the senior high school vocational business courses. The curriculum guide includes teacher and student…

Teen Area, Solon Branch, Cuyahoga County Public Library, Solon, Ohio.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Voice of Youth Advocates, 2003

2003-01-01

Describes the teen area of the Solon Branch library in Cuyahoga County (Ohio). Highlights include the collection; catalog computers; hours and teen traffic; planning the space, including extra display units of bulletin boards; teen programming, including monthly programs and a summer reading program; and the teen advisory group. (LRW)

Characterization of CNRS Fizeau wedge laser tuner

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

A fringe detection and measurement system was constructed for use with the CNRS Fizeau wedge laser tuner, consisting of three circuit boards. The first board is a standard Reticon RC-100 B motherboard which is used to provide the timing, video processing, and housekeeping functions required by the Reticon RL-512 G photodiode array used in the system. The sampled and held video signal from the motherboard is processed by a second, custom-fabricated circuit board which contains a high-speed fringe detection and locating circuit. This board includes a dc level-discriminator-type fringe detector, a counter circuit to determine fringe center, a pulsed lasermore » triggering circuit, and a control circuit to operate the shutter for the He-Ne reference laser beam. The fringe center information is supplied to the third board, a commercial single board computer, which governs the data-collection process and interprets the results.« less

Characterization of CNRS Fizeau wedge laser tuner

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1984-01-01

A fringe detection and measurement system was constructed for use with the CNRS Fizeau wedge laser tuner, consisting of three circuit boards. The first board is a standard Reticon RC-100 B motherboard which is used to provide the timing, video processing, and housekeeping functions required by the Reticon RL-512 G photodiode array used in the system. The sampled and held video signal from the motherboard is processed by a second, custom fabricated circuit board which contains a high speed fringe detection and locating circuit. This board includes a dc level discriminator type fringe detector, a counter circuit to determine fringe center, a pulsed laser triggering circuit, and a control circuit to operate the shutter for the He-Ne reference laser beam. The fringe center information is supplied to the third board, a commercial single board computer, which governs the data collection process and interprets the results.

ROI-Based On-Board Compression for Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Images on GPU.

PubMed

Giordano, Rossella; Guccione, Pietro

2017-05-19

In recent years, hyperspectral sensors for Earth remote sensing have become very popular. Such systems are able to provide the user with images having both spectral and spatial information. The current hyperspectral spaceborne sensors are able to capture large areas with increased spatial and spectral resolution. For this reason, the volume of acquired data needs to be reduced on board in order to avoid a low orbital duty cycle due to limited storage space. Recently, literature has focused the attention on efficient ways for on-board data compression. This topic is a challenging task due to the difficult environment (outer space) and due to the limited time, power and computing resources. Often, the hardware properties of Graphic Processing Units (GPU) have been adopted to reduce the processing time using parallel computing. The current work proposes a framework for on-board operation on a GPU, using NVIDIA's CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture) architecture. The algorithm aims at performing on-board compression using the target's related strategy. In detail, the main operations are: the automatic recognition of land cover types or detection of events in near real time in regions of interest (this is a user related choice) with an unsupervised classifier; the compression of specific regions with space-variant different bit rates including Principal Component Analysis (PCA), wavelet and arithmetic coding; and data volume management to the Ground Station. Experiments are provided using a real dataset taken from an AVIRIS (Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer) airborne sensor in a harbor area.

A design of an interface board between a MRC thermistor probe and a personal computer.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-09-01

The main purpose of this project was to design and build a prototype of an interface board between an MRC temperature probe : (thermistor array) and a personal laptop computer. This interface board replaces and significantly improve the capabilities ...

A Red Oak Data Bank for Computer Simulations of Secondary Processing

Treesearch

Charles J. Gatchell; Janice K. Wiedenbeck; Elizabeth S. Walker

1993-01-01

An extensive data bank for red oak lumber that is compatible with most secondary manufacturing computer simulator tools is now available. Currently, the data bank contains 10,718 board feet in 1,578 boards. The National Hardwood Lumber Associations (NHLA) Special Kiln Dried Rule was used to grade the boards. The percentage of a boardâs surface measure contained in...

A Computer in the Classroom.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lincoln Unified School District, Stockton, CA.

THE FOLLOWING IS THE FULL TEXT OF THIS DOCUMENT: A group of seven people, four parents, two teachers and a school principal, launched a program to provide a computer in every classroom. After considerable reading and discussion, the group which had grown to include the P.T.A. Executive Board, two-thirds of the staff of this K-6 elementary school…

Embodying Our Values in Our Teaching Practices: Building Open and Critical Discourse through Computer Mediated Communication

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Geelan, David R.; Taylor, Peter C.

2004-01-01

Computer mediated communication--including web pages, email and web-based bulletin boards--was used to support the development of a cooperative learning community among students in a web-based distance education unit for practicing science and mathematics educators. The students lived in several Australian states and a number of Pacific Rim…

The Effect of Computer Automation on Institutional Review Board (IRB) Office Efficiency

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oder, Karl; Pittman, Stephanie

2015-01-01

Companies purchase computer systems to make their processes more efficient through automation. Some academic medical centers (AMC) have purchased computer systems for their institutional review boards (IRB) to increase efficiency and compliance with regulations. IRB computer systems are expensive to purchase, deploy, and maintain. An AMC should…

The SpaceCube Family of Hybrid On-Board Science Data Processors: An Update

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Flatley, T.

2012-12-01

SpaceCube is an FPGA based on-board hybrid science data processing system developed at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). The goal of the SpaceCube program is to provide 10x to 100x improvements in on-board computing power while lowering relative power consumption and cost. The SpaceCube design strategy incorporates commercial rad-tolerant FPGA technology and couples it with an upset mitigation software architecture to provide "order of magnitude" improvements in computing power over traditional rad-hard flight systems. Many of the missions proposed in the Earth Science Decadal Survey (ESDS) will require "next generation" on-board processing capabilities to meet their specified mission goals. Advanced laser altimeter, radar, lidar and hyper-spectral instruments are proposed for at least ten of the ESDS missions, and all of these instrument systems will require advanced on-board processing capabilities to facilitate the timely conversion of Earth Science data into Earth Science information. Both an "order of magnitude" increase in processing power and the ability to "reconfigure on the fly" are required to implement algorithms that detect and react to events, to produce data products on-board for applications such as direct downlink, quick look, and "first responder" real-time awareness, to enable "sensor web" multi-platform collaboration, and to perform on-board "lossless" data reduction by migrating typical ground-based processing functions on-board, thus reducing on-board storage and downlink requirements. This presentation will highlight a number of SpaceCube technology developments to date and describe current and future efforts, including the collaboration with the U.S. Department of Defense - Space Test Program (DoD/STP) on the STP-H4 ISS experiment pallet (launch June 2013) that will demonstrate SpaceCube 2.0 technology on-orbit.; ;

PERSONAL COMPUTER MONITORS: A SCREENING EVALUATION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM EXISTING PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD LAMINATES AND POTENTIAL POLLUTION PREVENTION ALTERNATIVES

EPA Science Inventory

The report gives results of a screening evaluation of volatile organic emissions from printed circuit board laminates and potential pollution prevention alternatives. In the evaluation, printed circuit board laminates, without circuitry, commonly found in personal computer (PC) m...

On-board ephemeris representation for Topex/Poseidon

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Salama, Ahmed H.

1990-01-01

The Topex/Poseidon satellite requires real-time on-board knowledge of the satellite and TDRS ephemeris for attitude determination and control and High-Gain Antenna (HGA) pointing. The ephemeris representation concept for the MMS (Multimission Modular Spacecraft) satellites has shown that compressing the predicted ephemeris in a Fourier Power Series (FPS) before uplinking in conjunction with the On-Board Computer (OBC) ephemeris reconstruction algorithms is an efficient technique for ephemeris representation. As an MMS-based satellite, Topex/Poseidon has inherited the Landsat ephemeris representation concept including a daily FPS upload. This paper presents the Topex/Poseidon concept, analysis, and results including the conclusion that the ephemeris representation duration could be extended to 10 days or more and convenient weekly uploading is adopted without an increase in OBC memory requirements.

System and Method for an Integrated Satellite Platform

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Starin, Scott R. (Inventor); Sheikh, Salman I. (Inventor); Hesse, Michael (Inventor); Clagett, Charles E. (Inventor); Santos Soto, Luis H. (Inventor); Hesh, Scott V. (Inventor); Paschalidis, Nikolaos (Inventor); Ericsson, Aprille J. (Inventor); Johnson, Michael A. (Inventor)

2018-01-01

A system, method, and computer-readable storage devices for a 6U CubeSat with a magnetometer boom. The example 6U CubeSat can include an on-board computing device connected to an electrical power system, wherein the electrical power system receives power from at least one of a battery and at least one solar panel, a first fluxgate sensor attached to an extendable boom, a release mechanism for extending the extendable boom, at least one second fluxgate sensor fixed within the satellite, an ion neutral mass spectrometer, and a relativistic electron/proton telescope. The on-board computing device can receive data from the first fluxgate sensor, the at least one second fluxgate sensor, the ion neutral mass spectrometer, and the relativistic electron/proton telescope via the bus, and can then process the data via an algorithm to deduce a geophysical signal.

76 FR 34650 - Announcing a Meeting of the Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-14

... The agenda is expected to include the following items: --Cloud Security and Privacy Panel discussion on addressing security and privacy for different types of cloud computing, --Presentation from...

DSS 13 Microprocessor Antenna Controller

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gosline, R. M.

1984-01-01

A microprocessor based antenna controller system developed as part of the unattended station project for DSS 13 is described. Both the hardware and software top level designs are presented and the major problems encounted are discussed. Developments useful to related projects include a JPL standard 15 line interface using a single board computer, a general purpose parser, a fast floating point to ASCII conversion technique, and experience gained in using off board floating point processors with the 8080 CPU.

Multi-Modulator for Bandwidth-Efficient Communication

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gray, Andrew; Lee, Dennis; Lay, Norman; Cheetham, Craig; Fong, Wai; Yeh, Pen-Shu; King, Robin; Ghuman, Parminder; Hoy, Scott; Fisher, Dave

2009-01-01

A modulator circuit board has recently been developed to be used in conjunction with a vector modulator to generate any of a large number of modulations for bandwidth-efficient radio transmission of digital data signals at rates than can exceed 100 Mb/s. The modulations include quadrature phaseshift keying (QPSK), offset quadrature phase-shift keying (OQPSK), Gaussian minimum-shift keying (GMSK), and octonary phase-shift keying (8PSK) with square-root raised-cosine pulse shaping. The figure is a greatly simplified block diagram showing the relationship between the modulator board and the rest of the transmitter. The role of the modulator board is to encode the incoming data stream and to shape the resulting pulses, which are fed as inputs to the vector modulator. The combination of encoding and pulse shaping in a given application is chosen to maximize the bandwidth efficiency. The modulator board includes gallium arsenide serial-to-parallel converters at its input end. A complementary metal oxide/semiconductor (CMOS) field-programmable gate array (FPGA) performs the coding and modulation computations and utilizes parallel processing in doing so. The results of the parallel computation are combined and converted to pulse waveforms by use of gallium arsenide parallel-to-serial converters integrated with digital-to-analog converters. Without changing the hardware, one can configure the modulator to produce any of the designed combinations of coding and modulation by loading the appropriate bit configuration file into the FPGA.

75 FR 53005 - Privacy Act of 1974, as amended; Notice of Computer Matching Program (Railroad Retirement Board...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-30

... notice of its renewal of an ongoing computer-matching program with the Social Security Administration... computer-matching program with the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate... RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD Privacy Act of 1974, as amended; Notice of Computer Matching Program...

78 FR 34678 - Privacy Act of 1974, as Amended; Notice of Computer Matching Program (Railroad Retirement Board...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-10

... notice of its renewal of an ongoing computer-matching program with the Social Security Administration... computer-matching program with the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate... RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD Privacy Act of 1974, as Amended; Notice of Computer Matching Program...

75 FR 53004 - Privacy Act of 1974, as Amended; Notice of Computer-Matching Program (Railroad Retirement Board...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-30

... report of this computer-matching program with the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs... INFORMATION: A. General The Computer-Matching and Privacy Protection Act of 1988, (Pub. L. 100-503), amended... RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD Privacy Act of 1974, as Amended; Notice of Computer-Matching Program...

Computer optimization of cutting yield from multiple ripped boards

Treesearch

A.R. Stern; K.A. McDonald

1978-01-01

RIPYLD is a computer program that optimizes the cutting yield from multiple-ripped boards. Decisions are based on automatically collected defect information, cutting bill requirements, and sawing variables. The yield of clear cuttings from a board is calculated for every possible permutation of specified rip widths and both the maximum and minimum percent yield...

Using Student-Made Games to Learn Mathematics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gallegos, Irene; Flores, Alfinio

2010-01-01

First-year university students design and play their own games, including board, computer, and other kinds of games, to learn mathematical concepts and practice procedures for their pre-calculus and calculus courses. (Contains 2 tables and 8 figures.)

Apple's Macintosh.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Michael J.

1984-01-01

Description of the Macintosh personal, educational, and business computer produced by Apple covers cost; physical characteristics including display devices, circuit boards, and built-in features; company-produced software; third-party produced software; memory and storage capacity; word-processing features; and graphics capabilities. (MBR)

Development of land based radar polarimeter processor system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kronke, C. W.; Blanchard, A. J.

1983-01-01

The processing subsystem of a land based radar polarimeter was designed and constructed. This subsystem is labeled the remote data acquisition and distribution system (RDADS). The radar polarimeter, an experimental remote sensor, incorporates the RDADS to control all operations of the sensor. The RDADS uses industrial standard components including an 8-bit microprocessor based single board computer, analog input/output boards, a dynamic random access memory board, and power supplis. A high-speed digital electronics board was specially designed and constructed to control range-gating for the radar. A complete system of software programs was developed to operate the RDADS. The software uses a powerful real time, multi-tasking, executive package as an operating system. The hardware and software used in the RDADS are detailed. Future system improvements are recommended.

Development of wide band digital receiver for atmospheric radars using COTS board based SDR

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yasodha, Polisetti; Jayaraman, Achuthan; Thriveni, A.

2016-07-01

Digital receiver extracts the received echo signal information, and is a potential subsystem for atmospheric radar, also referred to as wind profiling radar (WPR), which provides the vertical profiles of 3-dimensional wind vector in the atmosphere. This paper presents the development of digital receiver using COTS board based Software Defined Radio technique, which can be used for atmospheric radars. The developmental work is being carried out at National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL), Gadanki. The digital receiver consists of a commercially available software defined radio (SDR) board called as universal software radio peripheral B210 (USRP B210) and a personal computer. USRP B210 operates over a wider frequency range from 70 MHz to 6 GHz and hence can be used for variety of radars like Doppler weather radars operating in S/C bands, in addition to wind profiling radars operating in VHF, UHF and L bands. Due to the flexibility and re-configurability of SDR, where the component functionalities are implemented in software, it is easy to modify the software to receive the echoes and process them as per the requirement suitable for the type of the radar intended. Hence, USRP B210 board along with the computer forms a versatile digital receiver from 70 MHz to 6 GHz. It has an inbuilt direct conversion transceiver with two transmit and two receive channels, which can be operated in fully coherent 2x2 MIMO fashion and thus it can be used as a two channel receiver. Multiple USRP B210 boards can be synchronized using the pulse per second (PPS) input provided on the board, to configure multi-channel digital receiver system. RF gain of the transceiver can be varied from 0 to 70 dB. The board can be controlled from the computer via USB 3.0 interface through USRP hardware driver (UHD), which is an open source cross platform driver. The USRP B210 board is connected to the personal computer through USB 3.0. Reference (10 MHz) clock signal from the radar master oscillator is used to lock the board, which is essential for deriving Doppler information. Input from the radar analog receiver is given to one channel of USRP B210, which is down converted to baseband. 12-bit ADC present on the board digitizes the signal and produces I (in-phase) and Q (quadrature-phase) data. The maximum sampling rate possible is about 61 MSPS. The I and Q (time series) data is sent to PC via USB 3.0, where the signal processing is carried out. The online processing steps include decimation, range gating, decoding, coherent integration and FFT computation (optional). The processed data is then stored in the hard disk. C++ programming language is used for developing the real time signal processing. Shared memory along with multi threading is used to collect and process data simultaneously. Before implementing the real time operation, stand alone test of the board was carried out through GNU radio software and the base band output data obtained is found satisfactory. Later the board is integrated with the existing Lower Atmospheric Wind Profiling radar at NARL. The radar receive IF output at 70 MHz is given to the board and the real-time radar data is collected. The data is processed off-line and the range-doppler spectrum is obtained. Online processing software is under progress.

Design and Implementation of an MC68020-Based Educational Computer Board

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-12-01

device and the other for a Macintosh personal computer. A stored program can be installed in 8K bytes Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM) to initialize...MHz. It includes four * Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) chips which provide a storage of 32K bytes. Two Programmable Array Logic (PAL) chips...device and the other for a Macintosh personal computer. A stored program can be installed in 8K bytes Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM) to

20 CFR 225.4 - Limitation on amount of earnings used to compute a PIA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... compute a PIA. 225.4 Section 225.4 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE... earnings used to compute a PIA. Certain PIA's used by the Board are based on a combination of compensation... purposes of crediting earnings when computing any PIA, compensation is always treated as wages. Regardless...

78 FR 70971 - Privacy Act of 1974, as Amended; Notice of Computer Matching Program (Railroad Retirement Board...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-27

... will file a report of this computer-matching program with the Committee on Homeland Security and... . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: A. General The Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act of 1988, (Pub. L. 100-503... RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD Privacy Act of 1974, as Amended; Notice of Computer Matching Program...

Quantitative evaluation of low-cost frame-grabber boards for personal computers.

PubMed

Kofler, J M; Gray, J E; Fuelberth, J T; Taubel, J P

1995-11-01

Nine moderately priced frame-grabber boards for both Macintosh (Apple Computers, Cupertino, CA) and IBM-compatible computers were evaluated using a Society of Motion Pictures and Television Engineers (SMPTE) pattern and a video signal generator for dynamic range, gray-scale reproducibility, and spatial integrity of the captured image. The degradation of the video information ranged from minor to severe. Some boards are of reasonable quality for applications in diagnostic imaging and education. However, price and quality are not necessarily directly related.

Packaging printed circuit boards: A production application of interactive graphics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Perrill, W. A.

1975-01-01

The structure and use of an Interactive Graphics Packaging Program (IGPP), conceived to apply computer graphics to the design of packaging electronic circuits onto printed circuit boards (PCB), were described. The intent was to combine the data storage and manipulative power of the computer with the imaginative, intuitive power of a human designer. The hardware includes a CDC 6400 computer and two CDC 777 terminals with CRT screens, light pens, and keyboards. The program is written in FORTRAN 4 extended with the exception of a few functions coded in COMPASS (assembly language). The IGPP performs four major functions for the designer: (1) data input and display, (2) component placement (automatic or manual), (3) conductor path routing (automatic or manual), and (4) data output. The most complex PCB packaged to date measured 16.5 cm by 19 cm and contained 380 components, two layers of ground planes and four layers of conductors mixed with ground planes.

Concepts and algorithms for terminal-area traffic management

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Erzberger, H.; Chapel, J. D.

1984-01-01

The nation's air-traffic-control system is the subject of an extensive modernization program, including the planned introduction of advanced automation techniques. This paper gives an overview of a concept for automating terminal-area traffic management. Four-dimensional (4D) guidance techniques, which play an essential role in the automated system, are reviewed. One technique, intended for on-board computer implementation, is based on application of optimal control theory. The second technique is a simplified approach to 4D guidance intended for ground computer implementation. It generates advisory messages to help the controller maintain scheduled landing times of aircraft not equipped with on-board 4D guidance systems. An operational system for the second technique, recently evaluated in a simulation, is also described.

--No Title--

Science.gov Websites

interoperability emerging infrastructure for data management on computational grids Software Packages Services : ATLAS: Management and Steering: Computing Management Board Software Project Management Board Database Model Group Computing TDR: 4.5 Event Data 4.8 Database and Data Management Services 6.3.4 Production and

Advanced Transport Operating System (ATOPS) utility library software description

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Clinedinst, Winston C.; Slominski, Christopher J.; Dickson, Richard W.; Wolverton, David A.

1993-01-01

The individual software processes used in the flight computers on-board the Advanced Transport Operating System (ATOPS) aircraft have many common functional elements. A library of commonly used software modules was created for general uses among the processes. The library includes modules for mathematical computations, data formatting, system database interfacing, and condition handling. The modules available in the library and their associated calling requirements are described.

Computer Science and Telecommunications Board summary of activities

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Blumenthal, M.S.

1992-03-27

The Computer Science and Telecommunications Board (CSTB) considers technical and policy issues pertaining to computer science, telecommunications, and associated technologies. CSTB actively disseminates the results of its completed projects to those in a position to help implement their recommendations or otherwise use their insights. It provides a forum for the exchange of information on computer science, computing technology, and telecommunications. This report discusses the major accomplishments of CSTB.

Some foundational aspects of quantum computers and quantum robots.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Benioff, P.; Physics

1998-01-01

This paper addresses foundational issues related to quantum computing. The need for a universally valid theory such as quantum mechanics to describe to some extent its own validation is noted. This includes quantum mechanical descriptions of systems that do theoretical calculations (i.e. quantum computers) and systems that perform experiments. Quantum robots interacting with an environment are a small first step in this direction. Quantum robots are described here as mobile quantum systems with on-board quantum computers that interact with environments. Included are discussions on the carrying out of tasks and the division of tasks into computation and action phases. Specificmore » models based on quantum Turing machines are described. Differences and similarities between quantum robots plus environments and quantum computers are discussed.« less

Special-purpose computer for holography HORN-2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ito, Tomoyoshi; Eldeib, Hesham; Yoshida, Kenji; Takahashi, Shinya; Yabe, Takashi; Kunugi, Tomoaki

1996-01-01

We designed and built a special-purpose computer for holography, HORN-2 (HOlographic ReconstructioN). HORN-2 calculates light intensity at high speed of 0.3 Gflops per one board with single (32-bit floating point) precision. The cost of the board is 500 000 Japanese yen (5000 US dollar). We made three boards. Operating them in parallel, we get about 1 Gflops.

Cutting Transportation Costs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lewis, Barbara

1982-01-01

Beginning on the front cover, this article tells how school districts are reducing their transportation costs. Particularly effective measures include the use of computers for bus maintenance and scheduling, school board ownership of buses, and the conversion of gasoline-powered buses to alternative fuels. (Author/MLF)

Meeting the Challenge.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palestis, Ernest

1997-01-01

Describes the award-winning technology endeavors and parent involvement programs developed in the Mine Hill School District (New Jersey). Topics include the multiyear plan, community and board of education support, funding, measuring student learning outcomes, and evening computer education programs for parents and children. (LRW)

40 CFR 86.1809-12 - Prohibition of defeat devices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... programs, engineering evaluations, design specifications, calibrations, on-board computer algorithms, and... manufacturer must submit, with the Part II certification application, an engineering evaluation demonstrating... vehicles, the engineering evaluation must also include particulate emissions. [75 FR 25685, May 7, 2010] ...

Development of a software interface for optical disk archival storage for a new life sciences flight experiments computer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bartram, Peter N.

1989-01-01

The current Life Sciences Laboratory Equipment (LSLE) microcomputer for life sciences experiment data acquisition is now obsolete. Among the weaknesses of the current microcomputer are small memory size, relatively slow analog data sampling rates, and the lack of a bulk data storage device. While life science investigators normally prefer data to be transmitted to Earth as it is taken, this is not always possible. No down-link exists for experiments performed in the Shuttle middeck region. One important aspect of a replacement microcomputer is provision for in-flight storage of experimental data. The Write Once, Read Many (WORM) optical disk was studied because of its high storage density, data integrity, and the availability of a space-qualified unit. In keeping with the goals for a replacement microcomputer based upon commercially available components and standard interfaces, the system studied includes a Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) for interfacing the WORM drive. The system itself is designed around the STD bus, using readily available boards. Configurations examined were: (1) master processor board and slave processor board with the SCSI interface; (2) master processor with SCSI interface; (3) master processor with SCSI and Direct Memory Access (DMA); (4) master processor controlling a separate STD bus SCSI board; and (5) master processor controlling a separate STD bus SCSI board with DMA.

Collaborative Strategic Board Games as a Site for Distributed Computational Thinking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berland, Matthew; Lee, Victor R.

2011-01-01

This paper examines the idea that contemporary strategic board games represent an informal, interactional context in which complex computational thinking takes place. When games are collaborative--that is, a game requires that players work in joint pursuit of a shared goal--the computational thinking is easily observed as distributed across…

78 FR 37647 - Privacy Act of 1974, as Amended; Computer Matching Program (SSA/Railroad Retirement Board (RRB...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-21

... SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION [Docket No. SSA 2013-0010] Privacy Act of 1974, as Amended; Computer Matching Program (SSA/ Railroad Retirement Board (RRB))--Match Number 1006 AGENCY: Social Security Administration. ACTION: Notice of a renewal of an existing computer matching program that will expire on...

75 FR 59780 - Privacy Act of 1974, as Amended; Computer Matching Program (SSA/Railroad Retirement Board (RRB...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-28

... SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION [Docket No. SSA 2010-0040] Privacy Act of 1974, as Amended; Computer Matching Program (SSA/ Railroad Retirement Board (RRB))--Match Number 1006 AGENCY: Social Security...: A. General The Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act of 1988 (Pub. L.) 100-503), amended the...

Development of an ADC radiation tolerance characterization system for the upgrade of the ATLAS LAr calorimeter

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu, Hong-Bin; Chen, Hu-Cheng; Chen, Kai

ATLAS LAr calorimeter will undergo its Phase-I upgrade during the long shutdown (LS2) in 2018, and a new LAr Trigger Digitizer Board (LTDB) will be designed and installed. Several commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) multi-channel high-speed ADCs have been selected as possible backups of the radiation tolerant ADC ASICs for the LTDB. Here, to evaluate the radiation tolerance of these backup commercial ADCs, we developed an ADC radiation tolerance characterization system, which includes the ADC boards, data acquisition (DAQ) board, signal generator, external power supplies and a host computer. The ADC board is custom designed for different ADCs, with ADC drivers and clockmore » distribution circuits integrated on board. The Xilinx ZC706 FPGA development board is used as a DAQ board. The data from the ADC are routed to the FPGA through the FMC (FPGA Mezzanine Card) connector, de-serialized and monitored by the FPGA, and then transmitted to the host computer through the Gigabit Ethernet. A software program has been developed with Python, and all the commands are sent to the DAQ board through Gigabit Ethernet by this program. Two ADC boards have been designed for the ADC, ADS52J90 from Texas Instruments and AD9249 from Analog Devices respectively. TID tests for both ADCs have been performed at BNL, and an SEE test for the ADS52J90 has been performed at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH). Test results have been analyzed and presented. The test results demonstrate that this test system is very versatile, and works well for the radiation tolerance characterization of commercial multi-channel high-speed ADCs for the upgrade of the ATLAS LAr calorimeter. It is applicable to other collider physics experiments where radiation tolerance is required as well.« less

Development of an ADC radiation tolerance characterization system for the upgrade of the ATLAS LAr calorimeter

DOE PAGES

Liu, Hong-Bin; Chen, Hu-Cheng; Chen, Kai; ...

2017-02-01

ATLAS LAr calorimeter will undergo its Phase-I upgrade during the long shutdown (LS2) in 2018, and a new LAr Trigger Digitizer Board (LTDB) will be designed and installed. Several commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) multi-channel high-speed ADCs have been selected as possible backups of the radiation tolerant ADC ASICs for the LTDB. Here, to evaluate the radiation tolerance of these backup commercial ADCs, we developed an ADC radiation tolerance characterization system, which includes the ADC boards, data acquisition (DAQ) board, signal generator, external power supplies and a host computer. The ADC board is custom designed for different ADCs, with ADC drivers and clockmore » distribution circuits integrated on board. The Xilinx ZC706 FPGA development board is used as a DAQ board. The data from the ADC are routed to the FPGA through the FMC (FPGA Mezzanine Card) connector, de-serialized and monitored by the FPGA, and then transmitted to the host computer through the Gigabit Ethernet. A software program has been developed with Python, and all the commands are sent to the DAQ board through Gigabit Ethernet by this program. Two ADC boards have been designed for the ADC, ADS52J90 from Texas Instruments and AD9249 from Analog Devices respectively. TID tests for both ADCs have been performed at BNL, and an SEE test for the ADS52J90 has been performed at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH). Test results have been analyzed and presented. The test results demonstrate that this test system is very versatile, and works well for the radiation tolerance characterization of commercial multi-channel high-speed ADCs for the upgrade of the ATLAS LAr calorimeter. It is applicable to other collider physics experiments where radiation tolerance is required as well.« less

Development of an ADC radiation tolerance characterization system for the upgrade of the ATLAS LAr calorimeter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Hong-Bin; Chen, Hu-Cheng; Chen, Kai; Kierstead, James; Lanni, Francesco; Takai, Helio; Jin, Ge

2017-02-01

ATLAS LAr calorimeter will undergo its Phase-I upgrade during the long shutdown (LS2) in 2018, and a new LAr Trigger Digitizer Board (LTDB) will be designed and installed. Several commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) multi-channel high-speed ADCs have been selected as possible backups of the radiation tolerant ADC ASICs for the LTDB. To evaluate the radiation tolerance of these backup commercial ADCs, we developed an ADC radiation tolerance characterization system, which includes the ADC boards, data acquisition (DAQ) board, signal generator, external power supplies and a host computer. The ADC board is custom designed for different ADCs, with ADC drivers and clock distribution circuits integrated on board. The Xilinx ZC706 FPGA development board is used as a DAQ board. The data from the ADC are routed to the FPGA through the FMC (FPGA Mezzanine Card) connector, de-serialized and monitored by the FPGA, and then transmitted to the host computer through the Gigabit Ethernet. A software program has been developed with Python, and all the commands are sent to the DAQ board through Gigabit Ethernet by this program. Two ADC boards have been designed for the ADC, ADS52J90 from Texas Instruments and AD9249 from Analog Devices respectively. TID tests for both ADCs have been performed at BNL, and an SEE test for the ADS52J90 has been performed at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH). Test results have been analyzed and presented. The test results demonstrate that this test system is very versatile, and works well for the radiation tolerance characterization of commercial multi-channel high-speed ADCs for the upgrade of the ATLAS LAr calorimeter. It is applicable to other collider physics experiments where radiation tolerance is required as well. Supported by the U. S. Department of Energy (DE-SC001270)

Bonus Activity Book.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Learning, 1992

1992-01-01

Provides on-task activities to fill in unexpected extra moments in elementary classes. The activities require little preparation and take 5-15 minutes to complete. There are activities for math, language arts, social science, science, critical thinking, and computer. An outer space board game is also included. (SM)

Planning, Using the New Technology in Classrooms.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barker, Bruce O.

1990-01-01

"Technology talk" among progressive administrators includes more than just computers and VCRs. New telecommunications developments (in satellites, fiber optics, electronic bulletin boards, electronic mail, and two-way interactive instructional delivery) are "hot topics" that both principals and teachers must learn about. Peer interactions and…

Interesting viewpoints to those who will put Ada into practice

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carlsson, Arne

1986-01-01

Ada will most probably be used as the programming language for computers in the NASA Space Station. It is reasonable to suppose that Ada will be used for at least embedded computers, because the high software costs for these embedded computers were the reason why Ada activities were initiated about ten years ago. The on-board computers are designed for use in space applications, where maintenance by man is impossible. All manipulation of such computers has to be performed in an autonomous way or remote with commands from the ground. In a manned Space Station some maintenance work can be performed by service people on board, but there are still a lot of applications, which require autonomous computers, for example, vital Space Station functions and unmanned orbital transfer vehicles. Those aspect which have come out of the analysis of Ada characteristics together with the experience of requirements for embedded on-board computers in space applications are examined.

Test-bench system for a borehole azimuthal acoustic reflection imaging logging tool

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Xianping; Ju, Xiaodong; Qiao, Wenxiao; Lu, Junqiang; Men, Baiyong; Liu, Dong

2016-06-01

The borehole azimuthal acoustic reflection imaging logging tool (BAAR) is a new generation of imaging logging tool, which is able to investigate stratums in a relatively larger range of space around the borehole. The BAAR is designed based on the idea of modularization with a very complex structure, so it has become urgent for us to develop a dedicated test-bench system to debug each module of the BAAR. With the help of a test-bench system introduced in this paper, test and calibration of BAAR can be easily achieved. The test-bench system is designed based on the client/server model. The hardware system mainly consists of a host computer, an embedded controlling board, a bus interface board, a data acquisition board and a telemetry communication board. The host computer serves as the human machine interface and processes the uploaded data. The software running on the host computer is designed based on VC++. The embedded controlling board uses Advanced Reduced Instruction Set Machines 7 (ARM7) as the micro controller and communicates with the host computer via Ethernet. The software for the embedded controlling board is developed based on the operating system uClinux. The bus interface board, data acquisition board and telemetry communication board are designed based on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) and provide test interfaces for the logging tool. To examine the feasibility of the test-bench system, it was set up to perform a test on BAAR. By analyzing the test results, an unqualified channel of the electronic receiving cabin was discovered. It is suggested that the test-bench system can be used to quickly determine the working condition of sub modules of BAAR and it is of great significance in improving production efficiency and accelerating industrial production of the logging tool.

Interface between a printed circuit board computer aided design tool (Tektronix 4051 based) and a numerical paper tape controlled drill press (Slo-Syn 530: 100 w/ Dumore Automatic Head Number 8391)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Heckman, B.K.; Chinn, V.K.

1981-01-01

The development and use of computer programs written to produce the paper tape needed for the automation, or numeric control, of drill presses employed to fabricate computed-designed printed circuit boards are described. (LCL)

Telemetry Technology

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1997-01-01

In 1990, Avtec Systems, Inc. developed its first telemetry boards for Goddard Space Flight Center. Avtec products now include PC/AT, PCI and VME-based high speed I/O boards and turn-key systems. The most recent and most successful technology transfer from NASA to Avtec is the Programmable Telemetry Processor (PTP), a personal computer- based, multi-channel telemetry front-end processing system originally developed to support the NASA communication (NASCOM) network. The PTP performs data acquisition, real-time network transfer, and store and forward operations. There are over 100 PTP systems located in NASA facilities and throughout the world.

Going Paperless: How One School Board Made the Move to Electronic Agendas.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mills, Nancy V.

2000-01-01

An effort to improve communications between school board members and the superintendent and administrators of the Katy (Texas) Independent School District has evolved into electronic board agendas and paperless board meetings. Installation of laptop computers, printers, fax machines, and dedicated phone lines in board members' homes was key. (MLH)

20170917 - A Cross-platform Format to Associate NMR-extracted data (NMReDATA) to Chemical Structures (SMASHNMR)

EPA Science Inventory

An open initiative involving cross-disciplinary contributors of computer-assisted structure elucidation (CASE), including methodology specialists, software and database developers and the editorial board of Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry, is addressing the old problem of reporti...

Telecommunication for the Physically Handicapped.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cunningham, Pat; Gose, Joan

The paper examines the uses of telecommunication for physically handicapped students. Basic equipment, including a modem and keyboard interface, are described. The types and uses of computer bulletin boards are also described. Among benefits of telecommunications for physically handicapped students noted in the paper are social prestige,…

14 CFR 1240.102 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Contributions Board. (d) Commercial quality refers to computer software that is not in an experimental or beta..., engineering or scientific concept, idea, design, process, or product, reported as new technology on NASA Form...) Invention includes any act, method, process, machine, manufacture, design, or composition of matter, or any...

14 CFR 1240.102 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Contributions Board. (d) Commercial quality refers to computer software that is not in an experimental or beta..., engineering or scientific concept, idea, design, process, or product, reported as new technology on NASA Form...) Invention includes any act, method, process, machine, manufacture, design, or composition of matter, or any...

Flight Model of the `Flying Laptop' OBC and Reconfiguration Unit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eickhoff, Jens; Stratton, Sam; Butz, Pius; Cook, Barry; Walker, Paul; Uryu, Alexander; Lengowski, Michael; Roser, Hans-Peter

2012-08-01

As already published in papers at the DASIA conferences 2010 in Budapest [1] and 2011 in Malta [2], the University of Stuttgart, Germany, is developing an advanced 3-axis stabilized small satellite applying industry standards for command/control techniques, onboard software design and onboard computer components. The satellite has a launch mass of approx. 120kg. One of the main challenges was the development of an ultra compact and performing onboard computer (OBC), which was intended to support an RTEMS operating system, a PUS standard based onboard software (OBSW) and CCSDS standard based ground/space communication. The developed architecture is based on 4 main elements (see [1, 2] and Figure 3) which are developed in cooperation with industrial partners:• the OBC core board based on the LEON3 FT architecture,• an I/O Board for all OBC digital interfaces to S/C equipment,• a CCSDS TC/TM decoder/encoder board,• reconfiguration unit being embedded in the satellite power control and distribution unit PCDU.In the meantime the EM / Breadboard units of the computer have been tested intensively including first HW/SW integration tests in a Satellite Testbench (see Figure 2). The FM HW elements from the co-authoring suppliers are under assembly in Stuttgart.

Enhancement of the Computer Lumber Grading Program to Support Polygonal Defects

Treesearch

Powsiri Klinkhachorn; R. Kathari; D. Yost; Philip A. Araman

1993-01-01

Computer grading of hardwood lumber promises to avoid regrading of the same lumber because of disagreements between the buyer and the seller. However, the first generation of computer programs for hardwood lumber grading simplify the process by modeling defects on the board as rectangles. This speeds up the grading process buy can inadvertently put a board into a lower...

Improving Information Management at Mare Island Naval Shipyard.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-03-01

copy reports [Ref. 8: pp. 1-41. C. PRIME TOKEN RING The prime ring is a token-type computer network linking five PRIME computers electronically . Each...the PRIME net are for news (a bulletin board), electronic mail, word processing, and data filing. d 4 o, " ,, " "." ’-" r...communications application) This is a group of general-purpose programs that includes word processing. electronic mail, and spreadsheet applications. Access is

An on-line reactivity and power monitor for a TRIGA reactor

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Binney, Stephen E.; Bakir, Alia J.

1988-07-01

As the personal computer (PC) becomes more and more of a significant influence on modern technology, it is reasonable that at some point in time they would be used to interface with TRIGA reactors. A personal computer with a special interface board has been used to monitor key parameters during operation of the Oregon State University TRIGA Reactor (OSTR). A description of the apparatus used and sample results are included.

Some implications of remanufacturing hardwood lumber

Treesearch

Charles J. Gatchell; R. Edward Thomas; Elizabeth S. Walker

2000-01-01

Research on several hundred well-manufactured 1 and 2A Common red oak boards shows that better edging and/or trimming or division-based remanufacturing can produce boards of higher grade and value. Division-based remanufacturing divides a board into as many as four smaller boards. The UGRS computer program (3,4) grades digitized boards, examines their remanufacturing...

Product or waste? Importation and end-of-life processing of computers in Peru.

PubMed

Kahhat, Ramzy; Williams, Eric

2009-08-01

This paper considers the importation of used personal computers (PCs) in Peru and domestic practices in their production, reuse, and end-of-life processing. The empirical pillars of this study are analysis of government data describing trade in used and new computers and surveys and interviews of computer sellers, refurbishers, and recyclers. The United States is the primary source of used PCs imported to Peru. Analysis of shipment value (as measured by trade statistics) shows that 87-88% of imported used computers had a price higher than the ideal recycle value of constituent materials. The official trade in end-of-life computers is thus driven by reuse as opposed to recycling. The domestic reverse supply chain of PCs is well developed with extensive collection, reuse, and recycling. Environmental problems identified include open burning of copper-bearing wires to remove insulation and landfilling of CRT glass. Distinct from informal recycling in China and India, printed circuit boards are usually not recycled domestically but exported to Europe for advanced recycling or to China for (presumably) informal recycling. It is notable that purely economic considerations lead to circuit boards being exported to Europe where environmental standards are stringent, presumably due to higher recovery of precious metals.

Computer science security research and human subjects: emerging considerations for research ethics boards.

PubMed

Buchanan, Elizabeth; Aycock, John; Dexter, Scott; Dittrich, David; Hvizdak, Erin

2011-06-01

This paper explores the growing concerns with computer science research, and in particular, computer security research and its relationship with the committees that review human subjects research. It offers cases that review boards are likely to confront, and provides a context for appropriate consideration of such research, as issues of bots, clouds, and worms enter the discourse of human subjects review.

Development of a computer method for predicting lumber cutting yields.

Treesearch

Daniel E. Dunmire; George H. Englerth

1967-01-01

A system of locating defects in a board by intersecting coordinate points was developed and a computer program devised that used these points to locate all possible clear areas in the board. The computer determined the yields by placing any given size or sizes of cuttings in these clear areas, and furthermore stated the type, location, and number of saw cuts. The...

A PC-Based Controller for Dextrous Arms

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fiorini, Paolo; Seraji, Homayoun; Long, Mark

1996-01-01

This paper describes the architecture and performance of a PC-based controller for 7-DOF dextrous manipulators. The computing platform is a 486-based personal computer equipped with a bus extender to access the robot Multibus controller, together with a single board computer as the graphical engine, and with a parallel I/O board to interface with a force-torque sensor mounted on the manipulator wrist.

Bringing Tomorrow's Technology to You Today: School Board of Tomorrow Resource Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National School Boards Association, Alexandria, VA.

The National School Boards Association (NSBA), the National School Boards Foundation, NSBA's Institute for the Transfer of Technology to Education, and Apple Computer, Inc., launched "The School Board of Tomorrow Exhibit" at NSBA's 1996 annual conference and exposition in Orlando, Florida. This handbook summarizes the communication technologies…

Shuttle mission simulator. Volume 2: Requirement report, volume 2, revision C

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Burke, J. F.

1973-01-01

The requirements for space shuttle simulation which are discussed include: general requirements, program management, system engineering, design and development, crew stations, on-board computers, and systems integration. For Vol. 1, revision A see N73-22203, for Vol 2, revision A see N73-22204.

20 CFR 209.4 - Method of filing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Method of filing. 209.4 Section 209.4... EMPLOYERS' REPORTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES § 209.4 Method of filing. Any report or information required to be... with the Board electronically, which includes the use of magnetic tape, computer diskette, electronic...

49 CFR 835.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 7 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Definitions. 835.2 Section 835.2 Transportation... OF BOARD EMPLOYEES § 835.2 Definitions. Accident, for purposes of this part includes “incident... cause of an accident, issued either as a narrative report or in a computer format (“briefs” of accidents...

49 CFR 835.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 7 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Definitions. 835.2 Section 835.2 Transportation... OF BOARD EMPLOYEES § 835.2 Definitions. Accident, for purposes of this part includes “incident... cause of an accident, issued either as a narrative report or in a computer format (“briefs” of accidents...

49 CFR 835.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 7 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Definitions. 835.2 Section 835.2 Transportation... OF BOARD EMPLOYEES § 835.2 Definitions. Accident, for purposes of this part includes “incident... cause of an accident, issued either as a narrative report or in a computer format (“briefs” of accidents...

49 CFR 835.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 7 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Definitions. 835.2 Section 835.2 Transportation... OF BOARD EMPLOYEES § 835.2 Definitions. Accident, for purposes of this part includes “incident... cause of an accident, issued either as a narrative report or in a computer format (“briefs” of accidents...

49 CFR 835.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions. 835.2 Section 835.2 Transportation... OF BOARD EMPLOYEES § 835.2 Definitions. Accident, for purposes of this part includes “incident... cause of an accident, issued either as a narrative report or in a computer format (“briefs” of accidents...

The Acid Rain Game.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rakow, Steven J.; Glenn, Allen

1982-01-01

Provides rationale for and description of an acid rain game (designed for two players), a problem-solving model for elementary students. Although complete instructions are provided, including a copy of the game board, the game is also available for Apple II microcomputers. Information for the computer program is available from the author.…

Fax for Library Services. ERIC Digest.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Spitzer, Kathleen L.

This digest discusses how libraries of all types are using the facsimile (or "fax") machine to meet users' information needs. A definition of facsimile technology includes the components of a fax machine, the four types of fax machines, and the recent development of the "fax board," which allows a computer to transmit…

On-Board Mining in the Sensor Web

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tanner, S.; Conover, H.; Graves, S.; Ramachandran, R.; Rushing, J.

2004-12-01

On-board data mining can contribute to many research and engineering applications, including natural hazard detection and prediction, intelligent sensor control, and the generation of customized data products for direct distribution to users. The ability to mine sensor data in real time can also be a critical component of autonomous operations, supporting deep space missions, unmanned aerial and ground-based vehicles (UAVs, UGVs), and a wide range of sensor meshes, webs and grids. On-board processing is expected to play a significant role in the next generation of NASA, Homeland Security, Department of Defense and civilian programs, providing for greater flexibility and versatility in measurements of physical systems. In addition, the use of UAV and UGV systems is increasing in military, emergency response and industrial applications. As research into the autonomy of these vehicles progresses, especially in fleet or web configurations, the applicability of on-board data mining is expected to increase significantly. Data mining in real time on board sensor platforms presents unique challenges. Most notably, the data to be mined is a continuous stream, rather than a fixed store such as a database. This means that the data mining algorithms must be modified to make only a single pass through the data. In addition, the on-board environment requires real time processing with limited computing resources, thus the algorithms must use fixed and relatively small amounts of processing time and memory. The University of Alabama in Huntsville is developing an innovative processing framework for the on-board data and information environment. The Environment for On-Board Processing (EVE) and the Adaptive On-board Data Processing (AODP) projects serve as proofs-of-concept of advanced information systems for remote sensing platforms. The EVE real-time processing infrastructure will upload, schedule and control the execution of processing plans on board remote sensors. These plans provide capabilities for autonomous data mining, classification and feature extraction using both streaming and buffered data sources. A ground-based testbed provides a heterogeneous, embedded hardware and software environment representing both space-based and ground-based sensor platforms, including wireless sensor mesh architectures. The AODP project explores the EVE concepts in the world of sensor-networks, including ad-hoc networks of small sensor platforms.

CACTUS: Calculator and Computer Technology User Service.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hyde, Hartley

1998-01-01

Presents an activity in which students use computer-based spreadsheets to find out how much grain should be added to a chess board when a grain of rice is put on the first square, the amount is doubled for the next square, and the chess board is covered. (ASK)

User's Guide for Computer Program that Routes Signal Traces

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hedgley, David R., Jr.

2000-01-01

This disk contains both a FORTRAN computer program and the corresponding user's guide that facilitates both its incorporation into your system and its utility. The computer program represents an efficient algorithm that routes signal traces on layers of a printed circuit with both through-pins and surface mounts. The computer program included is an implementation of the ideas presented in the theoretical paper titled "A Formal Algorithm for Routing Signal Traces on a Printed Circuit Board", NASA TP-3639 published in 1996. The computer program in the "connects" file can be read with a FORTRAN compiler and readily integrated into software unique to each particular environment where it might be used.

Development of Labview based data acquisition and multichannel analyzer software for radioactive particle tracking system

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rahman, Nur Aira Abd, E-mail: nur-aira@nuclearmalaysia.gov.my; Yussup, Nolida; Ibrahim, Maslina Bt. Mohd

2015-04-29

A DAQ (data acquisition) software called RPTv2.0 has been developed for Radioactive Particle Tracking System in Malaysian Nuclear Agency. RPTv2.0 that features scanning control GUI, data acquisition from 12-channel counter via RS-232 interface, and multichannel analyzer (MCA). This software is fully developed on National Instruments Labview 8.6 platform. Ludlum Model 4612 Counter is used to count the signals from the scintillation detectors while a host computer is used to send control parameters, acquire and display data, and compute results. Each detector channel consists of independent high voltage control, threshold or sensitivity value and window settings. The counter is configured withmore » a host board and twelve slave boards. The host board collects the counts from each slave board and communicates with the computer via RS-232 data interface.« less

On-board computational efficiency in real time UAV embedded terrain reconstruction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Partsinevelos, Panagiotis; Agadakos, Ioannis; Athanasiou, Vasilis; Papaefstathiou, Ioannis; Mertikas, Stylianos; Kyritsis, Sarantis; Tripolitsiotis, Achilles; Zervos, Panagiotis

2014-05-01

In the last few years, there is a surge of applications for object recognition, interpretation and mapping using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Specifications in constructing those UAVs are highly diverse with contradictory characteristics including cost-efficiency, carrying weight, flight time, mapping precision, real time processing capabilities, etc. In this work, a hexacopter UAV is employed for near real time terrain mapping. The main challenge addressed is to retain a low cost flying platform with real time processing capabilities. The UAV weight limitation affecting the overall flight time, makes the selection of the on-board processing components particularly critical. On the other hand, surface reconstruction, as a computational demanding task, calls for a highly demanding processing unit on board. To merge these two contradicting aspects along with customized development, a System on a Chip (SoC) integrated circuit is proposed as a low-power, low-cost processor, which natively supports camera sensors and positioning and navigation systems. Modern SoCs, such as Omap3530 or Zynq, are classified as heterogeneous devices and provide a versatile platform, allowing access to both general purpose processors, such as the ARM11, as well as specialized processors, such as a digital signal processor and floating field-programmable gate array. A UAV equipped with the proposed embedded processors, allows on-board terrain reconstruction using stereo vision in near real time. Furthermore, according to the frame rate required, additional image processing may concurrently take place, such as image rectification andobject detection. Lastly, the onboard positioning and navigation (e.g., GNSS) chip may further improve the quality of the generated map. The resulting terrain maps are compared to ground truth geodetic measurements in order to access the accuracy limitations of the overall process. It is shown that with our proposed novel system,there is much potential in computational efficiency on board and in optimized time constraints.

A filter circuit board for the Earthworm Seismic Data Acquisition System

USGS Publications Warehouse

Jensen, Edward Gray

2000-01-01

The Earthworm system is a seismic network data acquisition and processing system used by the Northern California Seismic Network as well as many other seismic networks. The input to the system is comprised of many realtime electronic waveforms fed to a multi-channel digitizer on a PC platform. The digitizer consists of one or more National Instruments Corp. AMUX–64T multiplexer boards attached to an A/D converter board located in the computer. Originally, passive filters were installed on the multiplexers to eliminate electronic noise picked up in cabling. It was later discovered that a small amount of crosstalk occurred between successive channels in the digitizing sequence. Though small, this crosstalk will cause what appear to be small earthquake arrivals at the wrong time on some channels. This can result in erroneous calculation of earthquake arrival times, particularly by automated algorithms. To deal with this problem, an Earthworm filter board was developed to provide the needed filtering while eliminating crosstalk. This report describes the tests performed to find a suitable solution, and the design of the circuit board. Also included are all the details needed to build and install this board in an Earthworm system or any other system using the AMUX–64T board. Available below is the report in PDF format as well as an archive file containing the circuit board manufacturing information.

Common Board Design for the OBC I/O Unit and The OBC CCSDS Unit of The Stuttgart University Satellite "Flying Laptop"

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eickhoff, Jens; Cook, Barry; Walker, Paul; Habinc, Sadi; Witt, Rouven; Roser, Hans-Peter

2011-08-01

As already published in another paper at DASIA 2010 in Budapest [1] the University of Stuttgart, Germany, is developing an advanced 3-axis stabilized small satellite applying industry standards for command/control techniques, onboard software design and onboard computer components.The satellite has a launch mass of approx. 120kg and is foreseen to be launched end 2013 as piggy back payload on an Indian PSLV launcher.During phase C the main challenge was the conceptual design for an ultra compact and performant onboard computer (OBC), which is able to support an industry standard operating system, a PUS standard based onboard software (OBSW) and CCSDS standard based ground/space communication. The developed architecture is based on 4 main elements (see [1] and Figure 4):• the OBC core board (single board computer based on LEON3 FT architecture),• an I/O Board for all OBC digital interfaces to S/C equipment,• a CCSDS TC/TM pre-processor board,• CPDU being embedded in the PCDU.The EM for the OBC core meanwhile has been shipped to the University by the supplier Aeroflex Colorado Springs, USA and is in use in Stuttgart since January 2011. Figure 2 and Figure 3 provide brief impressions. This paper concentrates on the common design of the I/O board and the CCSDS processor boards.

High performance flight computer developed for deep space applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bunker, Robert L.

1993-01-01

The development of an advanced space flight computer for real time embedded deep space applications which embodies the lessons learned on Galileo and modern computer technology is described. The requirements are listed and the design implementation that meets those requirements is described. The development of SPACE-16 (Spaceborne Advanced Computing Engine) (where 16 designates the databus width) was initiated to support the MM2 (Marine Mark 2) project. The computer is based on a radiation hardened emulation of a modern 32 bit microprocessor and its family of support devices including a high performance floating point accelerator. Additional custom devices which include a coprocessor to improve input/output capabilities, a memory interface chip, and an additional support chip that provide management of all fault tolerant features, are described. Detailed supporting analyses and rationale which justifies specific design and architectural decisions are provided. The six chip types were designed and fabricated. Testing and evaluation of a brass/board was initiated.

Ruralmicro: Computers and "Excellence" in Small Town New Hampshire.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McDonald, Joseph P.; Thompson, Charles L.

The successful computer program in rural Hillsboro-Deering (New Hampshire) Cooperative School District was the result of a program of excellence in education adopted by a completely new and inexperienced school board in 1978. Supported both by oldtimers and by newcomers, the board acquired new administrators, purged the faculty, and acquired…

Impact of the Shodan Computer Search Engine on Internet-facing Industrial Control System Devices

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-27

bridge implementation. The transparent bridge is designed using a Raspberry Pi configured with Linux IPtables and bridge-utils to bridge the on board...Ethernet card and a second USB Ethernet adapter. A Raspberry Pi is a credit-card-sized single-board computer running a version of Debian Linux. There

8. DETAIL OF COMPUTER SCREEN AND CONTROL BOARDS: LEFT SCREEN ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

8. DETAIL OF COMPUTER SCREEN AND CONTROL BOARDS: LEFT SCREEN TRACKS RESIDUAL CHLORINE; INDICATES AMOUNT OF SUNLIGHT WHICH ENABLES OPERATOR TO ESTIMATE NEEDED CHLORINE; CENTER SCREEN SHOWS TURNOUT STRUCTURES; RIGHT SCREEN SHOWS INDICATORS OF ALUMINUM SULFATE TANK FARM. - F. E. Weymouth Filtration Plant, 700 North Moreno Avenue, La Verne, Los Angeles County, CA

78 FR 89 - Announcing an Open Meeting of the Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-02

... Management and Budget, and the Director of NIST on security and privacy issues pertaining to federal computer... Computer Security Division. Note that agenda items may change without notice because of possible unexpected... of the Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board AGENCY: National Institute of Standards and...

A precise goniometer/tensiometer using a low cost single-board computer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Favier, Benoit; Chamakos, Nikolaos T.; Papathanasiou, Athanasios G.

2017-12-01

Measuring the surface tension and the Young contact angle of a droplet is extremely important for many industrial applications. Here, considering the booming interest for small and cheap but precise experimental instruments, we have constructed a low-cost contact angle goniometer/tensiometer, based on a single-board computer (Raspberry Pi). The device runs an axisymmetric drop shape analysis (ADSA) algorithm written in Python. The code, here named DropToolKit, was developed in-house. We initially present the mathematical framework of our algorithm and then we validate our software tool against other well-established ADSA packages, including the commercial ramé-hart DROPimage Advanced as well as the DropAnalysis plugin in ImageJ. After successfully testing for various combinations of liquids and solid surfaces, we concluded that our prototype device would be highly beneficial for industrial applications as well as for scientific research in wetting phenomena compared to the commercial solutions.

Sensing And Force-Reflecting Exoskeleton

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Eberman, Brian; Fontana, Richard; Marcus, Beth

1993-01-01

Sensing and force-reflecting exoskeleton (SAFiRE) provides control signals to robot hand and force feedback from robot hand to human operator. Operator makes robot hand touch objects gently and manipulates them finely without exerting excessive forces. Device attaches to operator's hand; comfortable and lightweight. Includes finger exoskeleton, cable mechanical transmission, two dc servomotors, partial thumb exoskeleton, harness, amplifier box, two computer circuit boards, and software. Transduces motion of index finger and thumb. Video monitor of associated computer displays image corresponding to motion.

Comparing Scanning Modes for Youths with Cerebral Palsy. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ottenbacher, Kenneth J.; Angelo, Jennifer

This study of 22 individuals (ages 13-20) with cerebral palsy investigated the use of scanning, an interface technique that allows access to assistive devices such as communication boards, electronic augmentative communication devices, and computers by using a pointer, either a finger or a cursor. This packet of information includes the findings…

UniBoard: generic hardware for radio astronomy signal processing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hargreaves, J. E.

2012-09-01

UniBoard is a generic high-performance computing platform for radio astronomy, developed as a Joint Research Activity in the RadioNet FP7 Programme. The hardware comprises eight Altera Stratix IV Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) interconnected by a high speed transceiver mesh. Each FPGA is connected to two DDR3 memory modules and three external 10Gbps ports. In addition, a total of 128 low voltage differential input lines permit connection to external ADC cards. The DSP capability of the board exceeds 644E9 complex multiply-accumulate operations per second. The first production run of eight boards was distributed to partners in The Netherlands, France, Italy, UK, China and Korea in May 2011, with a further production runs completed in December 2011 and early 2012. The function of the board is determined by the firmware loaded into its FPGAs. Current applications include beamformers, correlators, digital receivers, RFI mitigation for pulsar astronomy, and pulsar gating and search machines The new UniBoard based correlator for the European VLBI network (EVN) uses an FX architecture with half the resources of the board devoted to station based processing: delay and phase correction and channelization, and half to the correlation function. A single UniBoard can process a 64MHz band from 32 stations, 2 polarizations, sampled at 8 bit. Adding more UniBoards can expand the total bandwidth of the correlator. The design is able to process both prerecorded and real time (eVLBI) data.

High-performance floating-point image computing workstation for medical applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mills, Karl S.; Wong, Gilman K.; Kim, Yongmin

1990-07-01

The medical imaging field relies increasingly on imaging and graphics techniques in diverse applications with needs similar to (or more stringent than) those of the military, industrial and scientific communities. However, most image processing and graphics systems available for use in medical imaging today are either expensive, specialized, or in most cases both. High performance imaging and graphics workstations which can provide real-time results for a number of applications, while maintaining affordability and flexibility, can facilitate the application of digital image computing techniques in many different areas. This paper describes the hardware and software architecture of a medium-cost floating-point image processing and display subsystem for the NeXT computer, and its applications as a medical imaging workstation. Medical imaging applications of the workstation include use in a Picture Archiving and Communications System (PACS), in multimodal image processing and 3-D graphics workstation for a broad range of imaging modalities, and as an electronic alternator utilizing its multiple monitor display capability and large and fast frame buffer. The subsystem provides a 2048 x 2048 x 32-bit frame buffer (16 Mbytes of image storage) and supports both 8-bit gray scale and 32-bit true color images. When used to display 8-bit gray scale images, up to four different 256-color palettes may be used for each of four 2K x 2K x 8-bit image frames. Three of these image frames can be used simultaneously to provide pixel selectable region of interest display. A 1280 x 1024 pixel screen with 1: 1 aspect ratio can be windowed into the frame buffer for display of any portion of the processed image or images. In addition, the system provides hardware support for integer zoom and an 82-color cursor. This subsystem is implemented on an add-in board occupying a single slot in the NeXT computer. Up to three boards may be added to the NeXT for multiple display capability (e.g., three 1280 x 1024 monitors, each with a 16-Mbyte frame buffer). Each add-in board provides an expansion connector to which an optional image computing coprocessor board may be added. Each coprocessor board supports up to four processors for a peak performance of 160 MFLOPS. The coprocessors can execute programs from external high-speed microcode memory as well as built-in internal microcode routines. The internal microcode routines provide support for 2-D and 3-D graphics operations, matrix and vector arithmetic, and image processing in integer, IEEE single-precision floating point, or IEEE double-precision floating point. In addition to providing a library of C functions which links the NeXT computer to the add-in board and supports its various operational modes, algorithms and medical imaging application programs are being developed and implemented for image display and enhancement. As an extension to the built-in algorithms of the coprocessors, 2-D Fast Fourier Transform (FF1), 2-D Inverse FFF, convolution, warping and other algorithms (e.g., Discrete Cosine Transform) which exploit the parallel architecture of the coprocessor board are being implemented.

High Frequency Sampling of TTL Pulses on a Raspberry Pi for Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy Applications.

PubMed

Tivnan, Matthew; Gurjar, Rajan; Wolf, David E; Vishwanath, Karthik

2015-08-12

Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy (DCS) is a well-established optical technique that has been used for non-invasive measurement of blood flow in tissues. Instrumentation for DCS includes a correlation device that computes the temporal intensity autocorrelation of a coherent laser source after it has undergone diffuse scattering through a turbid medium. Typically, the signal acquisition and its autocorrelation are performed by a correlation board. These boards have dedicated hardware to acquire and compute intensity autocorrelations of rapidly varying input signal and usually are quite expensive. Here we show that a Raspberry Pi minicomputer can acquire and store a rapidly varying time-signal with high fidelity. We show that this signal collected by a Raspberry Pi device can be processed numerically to yield intensity autocorrelations well suited for DCS applications. DCS measurements made using the Raspberry Pi device were compared to those acquired using a commercial hardware autocorrelation board to investigate the stability, performance, and accuracy of the data acquired in controlled experiments. This paper represents a first step toward lowering the instrumentation cost of a DCS system and may offer the potential to make DCS become more widely used in biomedical applications.

High Frequency Sampling of TTL Pulses on a Raspberry Pi for Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy Applications

PubMed Central

Tivnan, Matthew; Gurjar, Rajan; Wolf, David E.; Vishwanath, Karthik

2015-01-01

Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy (DCS) is a well-established optical technique that has been used for non-invasive measurement of blood flow in tissues. Instrumentation for DCS includes a correlation device that computes the temporal intensity autocorrelation of a coherent laser source after it has undergone diffuse scattering through a turbid medium. Typically, the signal acquisition and its autocorrelation are performed by a correlation board. These boards have dedicated hardware to acquire and compute intensity autocorrelations of rapidly varying input signal and usually are quite expensive. Here we show that a Raspberry Pi minicomputer can acquire and store a rapidly varying time-signal with high fidelity. We show that this signal collected by a Raspberry Pi device can be processed numerically to yield intensity autocorrelations well suited for DCS applications. DCS measurements made using the Raspberry Pi device were compared to those acquired using a commercial hardware autocorrelation board to investigate the stability, performance, and accuracy of the data acquired in controlled experiments. This paper represents a first step toward lowering the instrumentation cost of a DCS system and may offer the potential to make DCS become more widely used in biomedical applications. PMID:26274961

A Compact Cosmic Ray Telescope using Silicon Photomultipliers for use in High Schools

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castro, Luis; Elizondo, Leonardo; Shelor, Mark; Cervantes, Omar; Fan, Sewan; Ritt, Stefan

2016-03-01

Over the years, the QuarkNet and the LBL Cosmic Ray Project have helped trained thousands of high school students and teachers to explore cosmic ray physics. To get high school students in the Salinas, CA area also excited about cosmic rays, we constructed a cosmic ray telescope as a physics outreach apparatus. Our apparatus includes a pair of plastic scintillators coupled to silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) and a coincidence circuit board. We designed and constructed custom circuit boards for mounting the SiPM detectors, the high voltage power supplies and coincidence AND circuit. The AND logic signals can be used for triggering data acquisition devices including an oscilloscope, a waveform digitizer or an Arduino microcontroller. To properly route the circuit wire traces, the circuit boards were layout in Eagle and fabricated in-house using a circuit board maker from LPKF LASER, model Protomat E33. We used a Raspberry Pi computer to control a fast waveform sampler, the DRS4 to digitize the SiPM signal waveforms. The CERN PAW software package was used to analyze the amplitude and time distributions of SiPM detector signals. At this conference, we present our SiPM experimental setup, circuit board fabrication procedures and the data analysis work flow. AIP Megger's Award, Dept. of Ed. Title V Grant PO31S090007.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Poivey, C.; Notebaert, O.; Garnier, P.

The ARIANE5 On Board Computer (OBC) and Inertial Reference System (SRI) are based on Motorola MC68020 processor and MC68882 coprocessor. The SRI data acquisition board also uses the DSP TMS320C25 from Texas Instruments. These devices were characterized to proton induced SEUs. But representativeness of SEU test results on processors was questioned during ARIANE5 studies. Protons test of these devices were also performed in the actual equipments with flight (or representative of) softwares. The results show that the On Board Computer and the Inertial Reference System can satisfy the requirements of the ARIANE5 missions.

A hardware/software environment to support R D in intelligent machines and mobile robotic systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mann, R.C.

1990-01-01

The Center for Engineering Systems Advanced Research (CESAR) serves as a focal point at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) for basic and applied research in intelligent machines. R D at CESAR addresses issues related to autonomous systems, unstructured (i.e. incompletely known) operational environments, and multiple performing agents. Two mobile robot prototypes (HERMIES-IIB and HERMIES-III) are being used to test new developments in several robot component technologies. This paper briefly introduces the computing environment at CESAR which includes three hypercube concurrent computers (two on-board the mobile robots), a graphics workstation, VAX, and multiple VME-based systems (several on-board the mobile robots).more » The current software environment at CESAR is intended to satisfy several goals, e.g.: code portability, re-usability in different experimental scenarios, modularity, concurrent computer hardware transparent to applications programmer, future support for multiple mobile robots, support human-machine interface modules, and support for integration of software from other, geographically disparate laboratories with different hardware set-ups. 6 refs., 1 fig.« less

Development and Flight Results of a PC104/QNX-Based On-Board Computer and Software for the YES2 Tether Experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Spiliotopoulos, I.; Mirmont, M.; Kruijff, M.

2008-08-01

This paper highlights the flight preparation and mission performance of a PC104-based On-Board Computer for ESA's second Young Engineer's Satellite (YES2), with additional attention to the flight software design and experience of QNX as multi-process real-time operating system. This combination of Commercial-Of-The-Shelf (COTS) technologies is an accessible option for small satellites with high computational demands.

76 FR 81477 - Announcing an Open Meeting of the Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-28

... sessions will be open to the public. The ISPAB was established by the Computer Security Act of 1987 (Pub. L... Secure Mobile Devices, --Panel Discussion on cyber R&D Strategy, and --Update of NIST Computer Security... of the Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board AGENCY: National Institute of Standards and...

Portable control device for networked mobile robots

DOEpatents

Feddema, John T.; Byrne, Raymond H.; Bryan, Jon R.; Harrington, John J.; Gladwell, T. Scott

2002-01-01

A handheld control device provides a way for controlling one or multiple mobile robotic vehicles by incorporating a handheld computer with a radio board. The device and software use a personal data organizer as the handheld computer with an additional microprocessor and communication device on a radio board for use in controlling one robot or multiple networked robots.

CROMAX : a crosscut-first computer simulation program to determine cutting yield

Treesearch

Pamela J. Giese; Jeanne D. Danielson

1983-01-01

CROMAX simulates crosscut-first, then rip operations as commonly practiced in furniture manufacture. This program calculates cutting yields from individual boards based on board size and defect location. Such information can be useful in predicting yield from various grades and grade mixes thereby allowing for better management decisions in the rough mill. The computer...

The FELICIA bulletin board system and the IRBIS anonymous FTP server: Computer security information sources for the DOE community. CIAC-2302

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Orvis, W.J.

1993-11-03

The Computer Incident Advisory Capability (CIAC) operates two information servers for the DOE community, FELICIA (formerly FELIX) and IRBIS. FELICIA is a computer Bulletin Board System (BBS) that can be accessed by telephone with a modem. IRBIS is an anonymous ftp server that can be accessed on the Internet. Both of these servers contain all of the publicly available CIAC, CERT, NIST, and DDN bulletins, virus descriptions, the VIRUS-L moderated virus bulletin board, copies of public domain and shareware virus- detection/protection software, and copies of useful public domain and shareware utility programs. This guide describes how to connect these systemsmore » and obtain files from them.« less

THE EFFECTS OF COMPUTER-BASED FIRE SAFETY TRAINING ON THE KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PRACTICES OF CAREGIVERS

PubMed Central

Harrington, Susan S.; Walker, Bonnie L.

2010-01-01

Background Older adults in small residential board and care facilities are at a particularly high risk of fire death and injury because of their characteristics and environment. Methods The authors investigated computer-based instruction as a way to teach fire emergency planning to owners, operators, and staff of small residential board and care facilities. Participants (N = 59) were randomly assigned to a treatment or control group. Results Study participants who completed the training significantly improved their scores from pre- to posttest when compared to a control group. Participants indicated on the course evaluation that the computers were easy to use for training (97%) and that they would like to use computers for future training courses (97%). Conclusions This study demonstrates the potential for using interactive computer-based training as a viable alternative to instructor-led training to meet the fire safety training needs of owners, operators, and staff of small board and care facilities for the elderly. PMID:19263929

Test Program of the "Combined Data and Power Management Infrastructure"

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eickhoff, Jens; Fritz, Michael; Witt, Rouven; Bucher, Nico; Roser, Hans-Peter

2013-08-01

As already published in previous DASIA papers, the University of Stuttgart, Germany, is developing an advanced 3-axis stabilized small satellite applying industry standards for command/control techniques and Onboard Software design. This satellite furthermore features an innovative hybrid architecture of Onboard Computer and Power Control and Distribution Unit. One of the main challenges was the development of an ultra-compact and performing Onboard Computer (OBC), which was intended to support an RTEMS operating system, a PUS standard based Onboard Software (OBSW) and CCSDS standard based ground/space communication. The developed architecture (see [1, 2, 3]) is called a “Combined Onboard Data and Power Management Infrastructure” - CDPI. It features: The OBC processor boards based on a LEON3FT architecture - from Aeroflex Inc., USA The I/O Boards for all OBC digital interfaces to S/C equipment (digital RIU) - from 4Links Ltd. UK CCSDS TC/TM decoder/encoder boards - with same HW design as I/O boards - just with limited number of interfaces. HW from 4Links Ltd, UK, driver SW and IP-Core from Aeroflex Gaisler, SE Analog RIU functions via enhanced PCDU from Vectronic Aerospace, D OBC reconfiguration unit functions via Common Controller - here in PCDU [4] The CDPI overall assembly is meanwhile complete and a exhaustive description can be found in [5]. The EM test campaign including the HW/SW compatibility testing is finalized. This comprises all OBC EM units, OBC EM assembly and the EM PCDU. The unit test program for the FM Processor-Boards and Power-Boards of the OBC are completed and the unit tests of FM I/O-Boards and CCSDS-Boards have been completed by 4Links at the assembly house. The subsystem tests of the assembled OBC also are completed and the overall System tests of the CDPI with system reconfiguration in diverse possible FDIR cases also reach the last steps. Still ongoing is the subsequent integration of the CDPI with the satellite's avionics components encompassing TTC, AOCS, Power and Payload Control. This paper provides a full picture of the test campaign. Further details can be taken from

Calibrating LOFAR using the Black Board Selfcal System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pandey, V. N.; van Zwieten, J. E.; de Bruyn, A. G.; Nijboer, R.

2009-09-01

The Black Board SelfCal (BBS) system is designed as the final processing system to carry out the calibration of LOFAR in an efficient way. In this paper we give a brief description of its architectural and software design including its distributed computing approach. A confusion limited deep all sky image (from 38-62 MHz) by calibrating LOFAR test data with the BBS suite is shown as a sample result. The present status and future directions of development of BBS suite are also touched upon. Although BBS is mainly developed for LOFAR, it may also be used to calibrate other instruments once their specific algorithms are plugged in.

Mobile clusters of single board computers: an option for providing resources to student projects and researchers.

PubMed

Baun, Christian

2016-01-01

Clusters usually consist of servers, workstations or personal computers as nodes. But especially for academic purposes like student projects or scientific projects, the cost for purchase and operation can be a challenge. Single board computers cannot compete with the performance or energy-efficiency of higher-value systems, but they are an option to build inexpensive cluster systems. Because of the compact design and modest energy consumption, it is possible to build clusters of single board computers in a way that they are mobile and can be easily transported by the users. This paper describes the construction of such a cluster, useful applications and the performance of the single nodes. Furthermore, the clusters' performance and energy-efficiency is analyzed by executing the High Performance Linpack benchmark with a different number of nodes and different proportion of the systems total main memory utilized.

Hardware accelerator for molecular dynamics: MDGRAPE-2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Susukita, Ryutaro; Ebisuzaki, Toshikazu; Elmegreen, Bruce G.; Furusawa, Hideaki; Kato, Kenya; Kawai, Atsushi; Kobayashi, Yoshinao; Koishi, Takahiro; McNiven, Geoffrey D.; Narumi, Tetsu; Yasuoka, Kenji

2003-10-01

We developed MDGRAPE-2, a hardware accelerator that calculates forces at high speed in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. MDGRAPE-2 is connected to a PC or a workstation as an extension board. The sustained performance of one MDGRAPE-2 board is 15 Gflops, roughly equivalent to the peak performance of the fastest supercomputer processing element. One board is able to calculate all forces between 10 000 particles in 0.28 s (i.e. 310000 time steps per day). If 16 boards are connected to one computer and operated in parallel, this calculation speed becomes ˜10 times faster. In addition to MD, MDGRAPE-2 can be applied to gravitational N-body simulations, the vortex method and smoothed particle hydrodynamics in computational fluid dynamics.

Design of on-board parallel computer on nano-satellite

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

You, Zheng; Tian, Hexiang; Yu, Shijie; Meng, Li

2007-11-01

This paper provides one scheme of the on-board parallel computer system designed for the Nano-satellite. Based on the development request that the Nano-satellite should have a small volume, low weight, low power cost, and intelligence, this scheme gets rid of the traditional one-computer system and dual-computer system with endeavor to improve the dependability, capability and intelligence simultaneously. According to the method of integration design, it employs the parallel computer system with shared memory as the main structure, connects the telemetric system, attitude control system, and the payload system by the intelligent bus, designs the management which can deal with the static tasks and dynamic task-scheduling, protect and recover the on-site status and so forth in light of the parallel algorithms, and establishes the fault diagnosis, restoration and system restructure mechanism. It accomplishes an on-board parallel computer system with high dependability, capability and intelligence, a flexible management on hardware resources, an excellent software system, and a high ability in extension, which satisfies with the conception and the tendency of the integration electronic design sufficiently.

78 FR 9689 - Notification of a Public Meeting of the Chartered Science Advisory Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-11

... advances in molecular biology, chemistry and innovative computer science to more effectively and... Science Advisory Board AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Science Advisory Board (SAB) Staff Office announces a public meeting of...

75 FR 57904 - Announcing a Meeting of the Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-23

... Office, --Update of NIST Computer Security Division, and --Information Security and Privacy Advisory... Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board AGENCY: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Commerce. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board (ISPAB) will meet...

A Functional Description of the Geophysical Data Acquisition System

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-08-10

less than 50 SPS nor greater than 250 SPS 3.0 SENSORS/TRANSDUCERS 3.1 CHAPTER OVERVIEW Most of the research supported by GDAS has primarily involved two...signal for the computer. The SRUN signal from the computer is fed to a retriggerable oneshot multivibrator on the board. SRUN consists of a pulse train...that is present when the computer is running. The oneshot output drives the RUN lamp on the front panel. Finally, one pin on the board edge connector is

Educational treasures in radiology: a free online program for Radiology Boards preparation.

PubMed

Talanow, Roland

2011-01-01

An objective tool is desired, which optimally prepares for Radiology boards examination. Such program should prepare examinees with pertinent radiological contents and simulations as expected in the real examination. Many countries require written boards examinations for Radiology certification eligibility. No objective measure exists to tell if the examinee is ready to pass the exam or not. Time pressure and computer environment might be unfamiliar to examinees. Traditional preparation lectures don't simulate the "real" Radiology exam because they don't provide the special environment with multiple choice questions and timing. This online program consists of 4 parts. The entry section allows to create questions with additional fields for comprehensive information. Sections include Pediatrics/Mammography/GI/IR/Nucs/Thoracic/Musculoskeletal/GU/Neuro/Ultrasound/Cardiac/OB/GYN and Miscellaneous. Experienced radiologists and educators evaluate and release/delete these entries in the administrator section. In the exam section users can create (un)timed customized exams for individual needs and learning pace. Exams can either include all sections or only specific sections to gear learning towards areas with weaker performance. Comprehensive statistics unveil the user's strengths and weaknesses to help focussing on "weak" areas. In the search section a comprehensive search and review can be performed by searching the entire database for keywords/topics or only searching within specific sections. www.RadiologyBoards.org is a new working concept of Radiology boards preparation to detect and improve the examinee's weaknesses and finally to increase the examinee's confidence level for the final exam. It is beneficial for Radiology residents and also board certified radiologists to refresh/maintain radiological knowledge.

75 FR 77588 - Foreign Futures and Options Contracts on a Non-Narrow-Based Security Index; Commission...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-13

...; information and data relating to the index, including the design, computation and maintenance thereof. In... extension is necessary to address complex or novel issues. The information that a foreign board of trade... 45 days if the foreign security index futures contract raises novel or complex issues that require...

An Apple a Day and at Night: A Distance Tutoring Program for At-Risk Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ross, Steven M.; And Others

1989-01-01

Describes a program of distance tutoring developed by Apple Computer, Inc., Memphis City Schools, and Memphis State University for at-risk minority students. The electronic bulletin board system (BBS) used is described; types of distance learning systems are explained; and research outcomes are discussed, including tutor roles and writing skills.…

Interface Electronic Circuitry for an Electronic Tongue

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Keymeulen, Didier; Buehler, Martin

2007-01-01

Electronic circuitry has been developed to serve as an interface between an electronic tongue and digital input/output boards in a laptop computer that is used to control the tongue and process its readings. Electronic tongues can be used for a variety of purposes, including evaluating water quality, analyzing biochemicals, analyzing biofilms, and measuring electrical conductivities of soils.

Point-and-stare operation and high-speed image acquisition in real-time hyperspectral imaging

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Driver, Richard D.; Bannon, David P.; Ciccone, Domenic; Hill, Sam L.

2010-04-01

The design and optical performance of a small-footprint, low-power, turnkey, Point-And-Stare hyperspectral analyzer, capable of fully automated field deployment in remote and harsh environments, is described. The unit is packaged for outdoor operation in an IP56 protected air-conditioned enclosure and includes a mechanically ruggedized fully reflective, aberration-corrected hyperspectral VNIR (400-1000 nm) spectrometer with a board-level detector optimized for point and stare operation, an on-board computer capable of full system data-acquisition and control, and a fully functioning internal hyperspectral calibration system for in-situ system spectral calibration and verification. Performance data on the unit under extremes of real-time survey operation and high spatial and high spectral resolution will be discussed. Hyperspectral acquisition including full parameter tracking is achieved by the addition of a fiber-optic based downwelling spectral channel for solar illumination tracking during hyperspectral acquisition and the use of other sensors for spatial and directional tracking to pinpoint view location. The system is mounted on a Pan-And-Tilt device, automatically controlled from the analyzer's on-board computer, making the HyperspecTM particularly adaptable for base security, border protection and remote deployments. A hyperspectral macro library has been developed to control hyperspectral image acquisition, system calibration and scene location control. The software allows the system to be operated in a fully automatic mode or under direct operator control through a GigE interface.

77 FR 25686 - Announcing an Open Meeting of the Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-01

... NIST Computer Security Division. Note that agenda items may change without notice because of possible... of the Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board AGENCY: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Commerce. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board (ISPAB...

SMART Boards Rock

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Giles, Rebecca M.; Shaw, Edward L.

2011-01-01

SMART Board is a technology that combines the functionality of a whiteboard, computer, and projector into a single system. The interactive nature of the SMART Board offers many practical uses for providing an introduction to or review of material, while the large work area invites collaboration through social interaction and communication. As a…

77 FR 52025 - Notification of a Public Teleconference of the Science Advisory Board; Exposure and Human Health...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-28

... Science Advisory Board; Exposure and Human Health Committee AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Science Advisory Board (SAB) Staff... draft report concerning EPA's application of computational toxicology (CompTox) data in risk assessment...

Sensitivity Analysis of ProSEDS (Propulsive Small Expendable Deployer System) Data Communication System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Park, Nohpill; Reagan, Shawn; Franks, Greg; Jones, William G.

1999-01-01

This paper discusses analytical approaches to evaluating performance of Spacecraft On-Board Computing systems, thereby ultimately achieving a reliable spacecraft data communications systems. The sensitivity analysis approach of memory system on the ProSEDS (Propulsive Small Expendable Deployer System) as a part of its data communication system will be investigated. Also, general issues and possible approaches to reliable Spacecraft On-Board Interconnection Network and Processor Array will be shown. The performance issues of a spacecraft on-board computing systems such as sensitivity, throughput, delay and reliability will be introduced and discussed.

An Integrated Architecture for On-Board Aircraft Engine Performance Trend Monitoring and Gas Path Fault Diagnostics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Simon, Donald L.

2010-01-01

Aircraft engine performance trend monitoring and gas path fault diagnostics are closely related technologies that assist operators in managing the health of their gas turbine engine assets. Trend monitoring is the process of monitoring the gradual performance change that an aircraft engine will naturally incur over time due to turbomachinery deterioration, while gas path diagnostics is the process of detecting and isolating the occurrence of any faults impacting engine flow-path performance. Today, performance trend monitoring and gas path fault diagnostic functions are performed by a combination of on-board and off-board strategies. On-board engine control computers contain logic that monitors for anomalous engine operation in real-time. Off-board ground stations are used to conduct fleet-wide engine trend monitoring and fault diagnostics based on data collected from each engine each flight. Continuing advances in avionics are enabling the migration of portions of the ground-based functionality on-board, giving rise to more sophisticated on-board engine health management capabilities. This paper reviews the conventional engine performance trend monitoring and gas path fault diagnostic architecture commonly applied today, and presents a proposed enhanced on-board architecture for future applications. The enhanced architecture gains real-time access to an expanded quantity of engine parameters, and provides advanced on-board model-based estimation capabilities. The benefits of the enhanced architecture include the real-time continuous monitoring of engine health, the early diagnosis of fault conditions, and the estimation of unmeasured engine performance parameters. A future vision to advance the enhanced architecture is also presented and discussed

A Streaming Language Implementation of the Discontinuous Galerkin Method

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barth, Timothy; Knight, Timothy

2005-01-01

We present a Brook streaming language implementation of the 3-D discontinuous Galerkin method for compressible fluid flow on tetrahedral meshes. Efficient implementation of the discontinuous Galerkin method using the streaming model of computation introduces several algorithmic design challenges. Using a cycle-accurate simulator, performance characteristics have been obtained for the Stanford Merrimac stream processor. The current Merrimac design achieves 128 Gflops per chip and the desktop board is populated with 16 chips yielding a peak performance of 2 Teraflops. Total parts cost for the desktop board is less than $20K. Current cycle-accurate simulations for discretizations of the 3-D compressible flow equations yield approximately 40-50% of the peak performance of the Merrimac streaming processor chip. Ongoing work includes the assessment of the performance of the same algorithm on the 2 Teraflop desktop board with a target goal of achieving 1 Teraflop performance.

A micro-CL system and its applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wei, Zenghui; Yuan, Lulu; Liu, Baodong; Wei, Cunfeng; Sun, Cuili; Yin, Pengfei; Wei, Long

2017-11-01

The computed laminography (CL) method is preferable to computed tomography for the non-destructive testing of plate-like objects. A micro-CL system is developed for three-dimensional imaging of plate-like objects. The details of the micro-CL system are described, including the system architecture, scanning modes, and reconstruction algorithm. The experiment results of plate-like fossils, insulated gate bipolar translator module, ball grid array packaging, and printed circuit board are also presented to demonstrate micro-CL's ability for 3D imaging of flat specimens and universal applicability in various fields.

A micro-CL system and its applications.

PubMed

Wei, Zenghui; Yuan, Lulu; Liu, Baodong; Wei, Cunfeng; Sun, Cuili; Yin, Pengfei; Wei, Long

2017-11-01

The computed laminography (CL) method is preferable to computed tomography for the non-destructive testing of plate-like objects. A micro-CL system is developed for three-dimensional imaging of plate-like objects. The details of the micro-CL system are described, including the system architecture, scanning modes, and reconstruction algorithm. The experiment results of plate-like fossils, insulated gate bipolar translator module, ball grid array packaging, and printed circuit board are also presented to demonstrate micro-CL's ability for 3D imaging of flat specimens and universal applicability in various fields.

Assessment of a human computer interface prototyping environment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Moore, Loretta A.

1993-01-01

A Human Computer Interface (HCI) prototyping environment with embedded evaluation capability has been successfully assessed which will be valuable in developing and refining HCI standards and evaluating program/project interface development, especially Space Station Freedom on-board displays for payload operations. The HCI prototyping environment is designed to include four components: (1) a HCI format development tool, (2) a test and evaluation simulator development tool, (3) a dynamic, interactive interface between the HCI prototype and simulator, and (4) an embedded evaluation capability to evaluate the adequacy of an HCI based on a user's performance.

1998 data bank for kiln-dried red oak lumber

Treesearch

Charles J. Gatchell; R. Edward Thomas; Elizabeth S. Walker

1998-01-01

A collection of 3,487 fully described, kiln-dried red oak boards totaling 20,021 board feet. The boards, which are straight or contain no more than ? inch of crook, are FAS, FAS ONE FACE (F1F), Selects, No. 1 Common, No. 2A Common, or No. 3A common. The boards were graded with the UGRS (Ultimate Grading and Remanufacturing System) computer program. After the grade was...

Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Command and Data Handling Flight Electronics Subsystem

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nguyen, Quang; Yuknis, William; Haghani, Noosha; Pursley, Scott; Haddad, Omar

2012-01-01

A document describes a high-performance, modular, and state-of-the-art Command and Data Handling (C&DH) system developed for use on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) mission. This system implements a complete hardware C&DH subsystem in a single chassis enclosure that includes a processor card, 48 Gbytes of solid-state recorder memory, data buses including MIL-STD-1553B, custom RS-422, SpaceWire, analog collection, switched power services, and interfaces to the Ka-Band and S-Band RF communications systems. The C&DH team capitalized on extensive experience with hardware and software with PCI bus design, SpaceWire networking, Actel FPGA design, digital flight design techniques, and the use of VxWorks for the real-time operating system. The resulting hardware architecture was implemented to meet the LRO mission requirements. The C&DH comprises an enclosure, a backplane, a low-voltage power converter, a single-board computer, a communications interface board, four data storage boards, a housekeeping and digital input/output board, and an analog data acquisition board. The interfaces between the C&DH and the instruments and avionics are connected through a SpaceWire network, a MIL-STD-1553 bus, and a combination of synchronous and asynchronous serial data transfers over RS-422 and LVDS (low-voltage differential-signaling) electrical interfaces. The C&DH acts as the spacecraft data system with an instrument data manager providing all software and internal bus scheduling, ingestion of science data, distribution of commands, and performing science operations in real time.

Laboratory and exterior decay of wood plastic composite boards: voids analysis and computed tomography

Treesearch

Grace Sun; Rebecca E. Ibach; Meghan Faillace; Marek Gnatowski; Jessie A. Glaeser; John Haight

2016-01-01

After exposure in the field and laboratory soil block culture testing, the void content of wood–plastic composite (WPC) decking boards was compared to unexposed samples. A void volume analysis was conducted based on calculations of sample density and from micro-computed tomography (microCT) data. It was found that reference WPC contains voids of different sizes from...

Software for Acquiring Image Data for PIV

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wernet, Mark P.; Cheung, H. M.; Kressler, Brian

2003-01-01

PIV Acquisition (PIVACQ) is a computer program for acquisition of data for particle-image velocimetry (PIV). In the PIV system for which PIVACQ was developed, small particles entrained in a flow are illuminated with a sheet of light from a pulsed laser. The illuminated region is monitored by a charge-coupled-device camera that operates in conjunction with a data-acquisition system that includes a frame grabber and a counter-timer board, both installed in a single computer. The camera operates in "frame-straddle" mode where a pair of images can be obtained closely spaced in time (on the order of microseconds). The frame grabber acquires image data from the camera and stores the data in the computer memory. The counter/timer board triggers the camera and synchronizes the pulsing of the laser with acquisition of data from the camera. PIVPROC coordinates all of these functions and provides a graphical user interface, through which the user can control the PIV data-acquisition system. PIVACQ enables the user to acquire a sequence of single-exposure images, display the images, process the images, and then save the images to the computer hard drive. PIVACQ works in conjunction with the PIVPROC program which processes the images of particles into the velocity field in the illuminated plane.

75 FR 39920 - Announcing a Meeting of the Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-13

... will be open to the public. The ISPAB was established by the Computer Security Act of 1987 (Pub. L. 100... Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board AGENCY: National Institute of Standards and Technology. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board (ISPAB) will meet Wednesday, August...

29 CFR 783.44 - Board and lodging as wages.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Board and lodging as wages. 783.44 Section 783.44 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS OF GENERAL... TO EMPLOYEES EMPLOYED AS SEAMEN Computation of Wages and Hours § 783.44 Board and lodging as wages...

Evaluation of forearm support provided by the Workplace Board on perceived tension, comfort and productivity in pregnant and non-pregnant computer users.

PubMed

Slot, Tegan; Charpentier, Karine; Dumas, Geneviève; Delisle, Alain; Leger, Andy; Plamondon, André

2009-01-01

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of forearm support provided by the Workplace Board on perceived tension, comfort and productivity among pregnant and non-pregnant female computer workers. Ten pregnant and 18 non-pregnant women participated in the study. Participants completed three sets of tension/discomfort questionnaires at two week intervals. The first set was completed prior to any workstation intervention; the second set was completed after two weeks working with an ergonomically adjusted workstation; the third set was completed after two weeks working with the Workplace Board integrated into the office workstation. With the Workplace Board, decreased perceived tension was reported in the left shoulder, wrist and low back in non-pregnant women only. The Board was generally liked by all participants, and increased comfort and productivity in all areas, with the exception of a negative effect on productivity of general office tasks. The board is suitable for integration in most office workstations and for most users, but has no special benefits for pregnant women.

Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Military Applications of New-Generation Computing Technologies.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-12-01

1980’s we are seeing enhancement of breadth, power, and accessibility of computers in many dimensions: o Pov~erfu1, costly fragile mainframes for...During the 1980’s we are seeing enhancement of breadth, power and accessibility of computers in many dimensions. (1) Powerful, costly, fragile mainframes... X A~ ’ EMORANDlUM FOR THE t-RAIRMAN, DEFENSE<. ’ ’...’"" S!B.FECT: Defense Science Board T is F- Supercomputei Applicai io, Yoi are requested to

Airborne Intelligent Display (AID) Phase I Software Description,

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-10-24

Board Computer Characteristics 10 3.0 SOFTWARE GENERAL DESCRIPTION 13 3.1 Overview 13 3.2 System Software 14 3.2.1 System Startup 14 3.2.1.1 Initial...3 A-2 Task States A-4 A-3 Task Program Structure A-6 A-4 Task States and State Change Mechanisms A-7 A-5 Computing Return Addresses: RUNADR, SLPADR A...techniques. 2.2 Design Approach The stated objectives were met by: 1. distributing the processing load among multiple Z80 single-board computers (SBC’s). This

SOLARTRAK. Solar Array Tracking Control

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Manish, A.B.; Dudley, J.

1995-06-01

SolarTrak used in conjunction with various versions of 68HC11-based SolarTrack hardware boards provides control system for one or two axis solar tracking arrays. Sun position is computed from stored position data and time from an on-board clock/calendar chip. Position feedback can be by one or two offset motor turn counter square wave signals per axis, or by a position potentiometer. A limit of 256 counts resolution is imposed by the on-board analog to digital (A/D) convertor. Control is provided for one or two motors. Numerous options are provided to customize the controller for specific applications. Some options are imposed atmore » compile time, some are setable during operation. Software and hardware board designs are provided for Control Board and separate User Interface Board that accesses and displays variables from Control Board. Controller can be used with range of sensor options ranging from a single turn count sensor per motor to systems using dual turn-count sensors, limit sensors, and a zero reference sensor. Dual axis trackers oriented azimuth elevation, east west, north south, or polar declination can be controlled. Misalignments from these orientations can also be accommodated. The software performs a coordinate transformation using six parameters to compute sun position in misaligned coordinates of the tracker. Parameters account for tilt of tracker in two directions, rotation about each axis, and gear ration errors in each axis. The software can even measure and compute these prameters during an initial setup period if current from a sun position sensor or output from photovoltaic array is available as an anlog voltage to the control board`s A/D port. Wind or emergency stow to aj present position is available triggered by digital or analog signals. Night stow is also available. Tracking dead band is adjustable from narrow to wide. Numerous features of the hardware and software conserve energy for use with battery powered systems.« less

Solar Array Tracking Control

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Maish, Alexander

1995-06-22

SolarTrak used in conjunction with various versions of 68HC11-based SolarTrack hardware boards provides control system for one or two axis solar tracking arrays. Sun position is computed from stored position data and time from an on-board clock/calendar chip. Position feedback can be by one or two offset motor turn counter square wave signals per axis, or by a position potentiometer. A limit of 256 counts resolution is imposed by the on-board analog to digital (A/D) convertor. Control is provided for one or two motors. Numerous options are provided to customize the controller for specific applications. Some options are imposed atmore » compile time, some are setable during operation. Software and hardware board designs are provided for Control Board and separate User Interface Board that accesses and displays variables from Control Board. Controller can be used with range of sensor options ranging from a single turn count sensor per motor to systems using dual turn-count sensors, limit sensors, and a zero reference sensor. Dual axis trackers oriented azimuth elevation, east west, north south, or polar declination can be controlled. Misalignments from these orientations can also be accommodated. The software performs a coordinate transformation using six parameters to compute sun position in misaligned coordinates of the tracker. Parameters account for tilt of tracker in two directions, rotation about each axis, and gear ration errors in each axis. The software can even measure and compute these prameters during an initial setup period if current from a sun position sensor or output from photovoltaic array is available as an anlog voltage to the control board''s A/D port. Wind or emergency stow to aj present position is available triggered by digital or analog signals. Night stow is also available. Tracking dead band is adjustable from narrow to wide. Numerous features of the hardware and software conserve energy for use with battery powered systems.« less

A high speed telemetry data link for an autonomous roving vehicle

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cipolle, D. J.

1980-01-01

A data link system used on a prototype autonomous roving vehicle is described. This system provides a means of acquiring, formatting, and transmitting information on board the vehicle to a controlling computer. Included is a statement of requirements and the design philosophy. Additionally, interfacing with the rover systems is discussed, along with the overall performance of the telemetry link.

Telescience Resource Kit

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schneider, Michelle

2003-01-01

This viewgraph representation provides an overview of the Telescience Resource Kit. The Telescience Resource Kit is a pc-based telemetry and command system that will be used by scientists and engineers to monitor and control experiments located on-board the International Space Station (ISS). Topics covered include: ISS Payload Telemetry and Command Flow, kit computer applications, kit telemetry capabilities, command capabilities, and training/testing capabilities.

Proceedings of the 2001 ASCUE Summer Conference (34th, North Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, June 10-14, 2001).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Peter, Ed.

This 2001 Association of Small Computer Users in Education (ASCUE) conference proceedings briefly describes ASCUE and its listserver, lists the 2000-2001 ASCUE Board Members, and provides abstracts of the pre-conference workshops. The conference papers and abstracts of papers that follow include: "Microsoft Project 2000--Keeping Projects on Time…

Open-source meteor detection software for low-cost single-board computers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vida, D.; Zubović, D.; Šegon, D.; Gural, P.; Cupec, R.

2016-01-01

This work aims to overcome the current price threshold of meteor stations which can sometimes deter meteor enthusiasts from owning one. In recent years small card-sized computers became widely available and are used for numerous applications. To utilize such computers for meteor work, software which can run on them is needed. In this paper we present a detailed description of newly-developed open-source software for fireball and meteor detection optimized for running on low-cost single board computers. Furthermore, an update on the development of automated open-source software which will handle video capture, fireball and meteor detection, astrometry and photometry is given.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Maestas, J.H.

The Loopback Tester is an Intel SBC 86/12A Single Board Computer and an Intel SBC 534 Communications Expansion Board configured and programmed to perform various basic or less. These tests include: (1) Data Communications Equipment (DCE) transmit timing detection (2) data rate measurement (3) instantaneous loopback indication and (4) bit error rate testing. It requires no initial setup after plug in, and can be used to locate the source of communications loss in a circuit. It can also be used to determine when crypto variable mismatch problems are the source of communications loss. This report discusses the functionality of themore » Loopback Tester as a diagnostic device. It also discusses the hardware and software which implements this simple yet reliable device.« less

Future Directions in Computer Graphics and Visualization: From CG&A's Editorial Board

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Encarnacao, L. M.; Chuang, Yung-Yu; Stork, Andre

2015-01-01

With many new members joining the CG&A editorial board over the past year, and with a renewed commitment to not only document the state of the art in computer graphics research and applications but to anticipate and where possible foster future areas of scientific discourse and industrial practice, we asked editorial and advisory council members about where they see their fields of expertise going. The answers compiled here aren’t meant to be all encompassing or deterministic when it comes to the opportunities computer graphics and interactive visualization hold for the future. Instead, we aim to accomplish two things: give amore » more in-depth introduction of members of the editorial board to the CG&A readership and encourage cross-disciplinary discourse toward approaching, complementing, or disputing the visions laid out in this compilation.« less

Modular chassis simplifies packaging and interconnecting of circuit boards

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Arens, W. E.; Boline, K. G.

1964-01-01

A system of modular chassis structures has simplified the design for mounting a number of printed circuit boards. This design is structurally adaptable to computer and industrial control system applications.

Solder creep-fatigue interactions with flexible leaded parts

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ross, R. G., Jr.; Wen, L. C.; Mon, G. R.; Jetter, E.

1992-01-01

With flexible leaded parts, the solder-joint failure process involves a complex interplay of creep and fatigue mechanisms. To better understand the role of creep in typical multi-hour cyclic loading conditions, a specialized non-linear finite-element creep simulation computer program has been formulated. The numerical algorithm includes the complete part-lead-solder-PWB system, accounting for strain-rate dependence of creep on applied stress and temperature, and the role of the part-lead dimensions and flexibility that determine the total creep deflection (solder strain range) during stress relaxation. The computer program has been used to explore the effects of various solder creep-fatigue parameters such as lead height and stiffness, thermal-cycle test profile, and part/board differential thermal expansion properties. One of the most interesting findings is the strong presence of unidirectional creep-ratcheting that occurs during thermal cycling due to temperature dominated strain-rate effects. To corroborate the solder fatigue model predictions, a number of carefully controlled thermal-cycle tests have been conducted using special bimetallic test boards.

Smart Payload Development for High Data Rate Instrument Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pingree, Paula J.; Norton, Charles D.

2007-01-01

This slide presentation reviews the development of smart payloads instruments systems with high data rates. On-board computation has become a bottleneck for advanced science instrument and engineering capabilities. In order to improve the computation capability on board, smart payloads have been proposed. A smart payload is a Localized instrument, that can offload the flight processor of extensive computing cycles, simplify the interfaces, and minimize the dependency of the instrument on the flight system. This has been proposed for the Mars mission, Mars Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy (MATMOS). The design of this system is discussed; the features of the Virtex-4, are discussed, and the technical approach is reviewed. The proposed Hybrid Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology has been shown to deliver breakthrough performance by tightly coupling hardware and software. Smart Payload designs for instruments such as MATMOS can meet science data return requirements with more competitive use of available on-board resources and can provide algorithm acceleration in hardware leading to implementation of better (more advanced) algorithms in on-board systems for improved science data return

Stripline/Microstrip Transition in Multilayer Circuit Board

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Epp, Larry; Khan, Abdur

2005-01-01

A stripline-to-microstrip transition has been incorporated into a multilayer circuit board that supports a distributed solid-state microwave power amplifier, for the purpose of coupling the microwave signal from a buried-layer stripline to a top-layer microstrip. The design of the transition could be adapted to multilayer circuit boards in such products as cellular telephones (for connecting between circuit-board signal lines and antennas), transmitters for Earth/satellite communication systems, and computer mother boards (if processor speeds increase into the range of tens of gigahertz). The transition is designed to satisfy the following requirements in addition to the basic coupling requirement described above: (1) The transition must traverse multiple layers, including intermediate layers that contain DC circuitry. (2) The transition must work at a frequency of 32 GHz with low loss and low reflection. (3) The power delivered by the transition to top-layer microstrip must be split equally in opposite directions along the microstrip. Referring to the figure, this amounts to a requirement that when power is supplied to input port 1, equal amounts of power flow through output ports 2 and 3. (4) The signal-line via that is necessarily a part of such a transition must not be what is known in the art as a blind via; that is, it must span the entire thickness of the circuit board.

Computer Starters!

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Instructor, 1983

1983-01-01

Instructor's Computer-Using Teachers Board members give practical tips on how to get a classroom ready for a new computer, introduce students to the machine, and help them learn about programing and computer literacy. Safety, scheduling, and supervision requirements are noted. (PP)

Power converter using near-load output capacitance, direct inductor contact, and/or remote current sense

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Coteus, Paul W.; Ferencz, Andrew; Hall, Shawn A.

An apparatus includes a first circuit board including first components including a load, and a second circuit board including second components including switching power devices and an output inductor. Ground and output voltage contacts between the circuit boards are made through soldered or connectorized interfaces. Certain components on the first circuit board and certain components, including the output inductor, on the second circuit board act as a DC-DC voltage converter for the load. An output capacitance for the conversion is on the first circuit board with no board-to-board interface between the output capacitance and the load. The inductance of themore » board-to-board interface functions as part of the output inductor's inductance and not as a parasitic inductance. Sense components for sensing current through the output inductor are located on the first circuit board. Parasitic inductance of the board-to-board interface has less effect on a sense signal provided to a controller.« less

Optical information processing at NASA Ames Research Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reid, Max B.; Bualat, Maria G.; Cho, Young C.; Downie, John D.; Gary, Charles K.; Ma, Paul W.; Ozcan, Meric; Pryor, Anna H.; Spirkovska, Lilly

1993-01-01

The combination of analog optical processors with digital electronic systems offers the potential of tera-OPS computational performance, while often requiring less power and weight relative to all-digital systems. NASA is working to develop and demonstrate optical processing techniques for on-board, real time science and mission applications. Current research areas and applications under investigation include optical matrix processing for space structure vibration control and the analysis of Space Shuttle Main Engine plume spectra, optical correlation-based autonomous vision for robotic vehicles, analog computation for robotic path planning, free-space optical interconnections for information transfer within digital electronic computers, and multiplexed arrays of fiber optic interferometric sensors for acoustic and vibration measurements.

Defense Science Board Report on Advanced Computing

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-03-01

computers  will  require extensive  research and development  to have a chance of  reaching  the  exascale   level.  Even  if  exascale   level machines  can...generations of petascale and then  exascale   level  computing  capability.  This  includes  both  the  hardware  and  the  complex  software  that  may  be...required  for  the  architectures  needed  for  exacscale  capability.  The  challenges  are  extremely  daunting,  especially  at  the  exascale

Twelve tips for use of a white board in clinical teaching: reviving the chalk talk.

PubMed

Orlander, Jay D

2007-03-01

Little has been written on the art of using a board in clinical teaching. The technological development of the white board appears to have coincided with that of the laptop computer and accompanying LCD projector, so that fewer and fewer teaching sessions appear to utilize the board as an efficient teaching tool. I have observed this most commonly among younger faculty who are most comfortable with technology and who may lack training and experience with a blank board. This paper offers suggestions on using the board in clinical teaching in order to enhance the educational process through better engagement of the learners.

48 CFR 1913.505-2 - Board order forms in lieu of Optional and Standard Forms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... BROADCASTING BOARD OF GOVERNORS CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES SMALL PURCHASES AND OTHER SIMPLIFIED...-case basis, in order to accommodate computer-generated purchase order forms. Exception approval for...

48 CFR 1913.505-2 - Board order forms in lieu of Optional and Standard Forms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... BROADCASTING BOARD OF GOVERNORS CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES SMALL PURCHASES AND OTHER SIMPLIFIED...-case basis, in order to accommodate computer-generated purchase order forms. Exception approval for...

Driving a car with custom-designed fuzzy inferencing VLSI chips and boards

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pin, Francois G.; Watanabe, Yutaka

1993-01-01

Vehicle control in a-priori unknown, unpredictable, and dynamic environments requires many calculational and reasoning schemes to operate on the basis of very imprecise, incomplete, or unreliable data. For such systems, in which all the uncertainties can not be engineered away, approximate reasoning may provide an alternative to the complexity and computational requirements of conventional uncertainty analysis and propagation techniques. Two types of computer boards including custom-designed VLSI chips were developed to add a fuzzy inferencing capability to real-time control systems. All inferencing rules on a chip are processed in parallel, allowing execution of the entire rule base in about 30 microseconds, and therefore, making control of 'reflex-type' of motions envisionable. The use of these boards and the approach using superposition of elemental sensor-based behaviors for the development of qualitative reasoning schemes emulating human-like navigation in a-priori unknown environments are first discussed. Then how the human-like navigation scheme implemented on one of the qualitative inferencing boards was installed on a test-bed platform to investigate two control modes for driving a car in a-priori unknown environments on the basis of sparse and imprecise sensor data is described. In the first mode, the car navigates fully autonomously, while in the second mode, the system acts as a driver's aid providing the driver with linguistic (fuzzy) commands to turn left or right and speed up or slow down depending on the obstacles perceived by the sensors. Experiments with both modes of control are described in which the system uses only three acoustic range (sonar) sensor channels to perceive the environment. Simulation results as well as indoors and outdoors experiments are presented and discussed to illustrate the feasibility and robustness of autonomous navigation and/or safety enhancing driver's aid using the new fuzzy inferencing hardware system and some human-like reasoning schemes which may include as little as six elemental behaviors embodied in fourteen qualitative rules.

System Measures Pressures Aboard A Compressor Rotor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Freedman, Robert J.; Senyitko, Richard G.; Blumenthal, Philip Z.

1994-01-01

Rotating pressure-measuring instrumentation includes on-board calibration standard. Computer-controlled, multichannel instrumentation system acquires pressure measurements from sensors mounted in 1.52-m-diameter rotor of compressor. Includes 5 miniature, electronically scanned pressure (ESP) modules, each containing 48 piezoresistive pressure sensors, pneumatic calibration valve, and electronic circuits for addressing and amplifying output of each sensor. Modules mounted on centerline of rotor, on instrumentation tower located inside nose cone of rotor. Subsystem designed to convert analog signal to distinct frequency without significantly affecting accuracy.

Acousto-ultrasonic system for the inspection of composite armored vehicles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Godinez, Valery F.; Carlos, Mark F.; Delamere, Michael; Hoch, William; Fotopoulos, Christos; Dai, Weiming; Raju, Basavaraju B.

2001-04-01

In this paper the design and implementation of a unique acousto-ultrasonics system for the inspection of composite armored vehicles is discussed. The system includes a multi-sensor probe with a position-tracking device mounted on a computer controlled scanning bridge. The system also includes an arbitrary waveform generator with a multiplexer and a multi-channel acoustic emission board capable of simultaneously collecting and processing up to four acoustic signals in real time. C-scans of an armored vehicle panel with defects are presented.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jin, Zheming; Yoshii, Kazutomo; Finkel, Hal

Open Computing Language (OpenCL) is a high-level language that enables software programmers to explore Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for application acceleration. The Intel FPGA software development kit (SDK) for OpenCL allows a user to specify applications at a high level and explore the performance of low-level hardware acceleration. In this report, we present the FPGA performance and power consumption results of the single-precision floating-point vector add OpenCL kernel using the Intel FPGA SDK for OpenCL on the Nallatech 385A FPGA board. The board features an Arria 10 FPGA. We evaluate the FPGA implementations using the compute unit duplication andmore » kernel vectorization optimization techniques. On the Nallatech 385A FPGA board, the maximum compute kernel bandwidth we achieve is 25.8 GB/s, approximately 76% of the peak memory bandwidth. The power consumption of the FPGA device when running the kernels ranges from 29W to 42W.« less

Quantum computer games: quantum minesweeper

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gordon, Michal; Gordon, Goren

2010-07-01

The computer game of quantum minesweeper is introduced as a quantum extension of the well-known classical minesweeper. Its main objective is to teach the unique concepts of quantum mechanics in a fun way. Quantum minesweeper demonstrates the effects of superposition, entanglement and their non-local characteristics. While in the classical minesweeper the goal of the game is to discover all the mines laid out on a board without triggering them, in the quantum version there are several classical boards in superposition. The goal is to know the exact quantum state, i.e. the precise layout of all the mines in all the superposed classical boards. The player can perform three types of measurement: a classical measurement that probabilistically collapses the superposition; a quantum interaction-free measurement that can detect a mine without triggering it; and an entanglement measurement that provides non-local information. The application of the concepts taught by quantum minesweeper to one-way quantum computing are also presented.

A ground-based memory state tracker for satellite on-board computer memory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Quan, Alan; Angelino, Robert; Hill, Michael; Schwuttke, Ursula; Hervias, Felipe

1993-01-01

The TOPEX/POSEIDON satellite, currently in Earth orbit, will use radar altimetry to measure sea surface height over 90 percent of the world's ice-free oceans. In combination with a precise determination of the spacecraft orbit, the altimetry data will provide maps of ocean topography, which will be used to calculate the speed and direction of ocean currents worldwide. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) has primary responsibility for mission operations for TOPEX/POSEIDON. Software applications have been developed to automate mission operations tasks. This paper describes one of these applications, the Memory State Tracker, which allows the ground analyst to examine and track the contents of satellite on-board computer memory quickly and efficiently, in a human-readable format, without having to receive the data directly from the spacecraft. This process is accomplished by maintaining a groundbased mirror-image of spacecraft On-board Computer memory.

Distributed computation of graphics primitives on a transputer network

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ellis, Graham K.

1988-01-01

A method is developed for distributing the computation of graphics primitives on a parallel processing network. Off-the-shelf transputer boards are used to perform the graphics transformations and scan-conversion tasks that would normally be assigned to a single transputer based display processor. Each node in the network performs a single graphics primitive computation. Frequently requested tasks can be duplicated on several nodes. The results indicate that the current distribution of commands on the graphics network shows a performance degradation when compared to the graphics display board alone. A change to more computation per node for every communication (perform more complex tasks on each node) may cause the desired increase in throughput.

Assessing collaborative computing: development of the Collaborative-Computing Observation Instrument (C-COI)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Israel, Maya; Wherfel, Quentin M.; Shehab, Saadeddine; Ramos, Evan A.; Metzger, Adam; Reese, George C.

2016-07-01

This paper describes the development, validation, and uses of the Collaborative Computing Observation Instrument (C-COI), a web-based analysis instrument that classifies individual and/or collaborative behaviors of students during computing problem-solving (e.g. coding, programming). The C-COI analyzes data gathered through video and audio screen recording software that captures students' computer screens as they program, and their conversations with their peers or adults. The instrument allows researchers to organize and quantify these data to track behavioral patterns that could be further analyzed for deeper understanding of persistence and/or collaborative interactions. The article provides a rationale for the C-COI including the development of a theoretical framework for measuring collaborative interactions in computer-mediated environments. This theoretical framework relied on the computer-supported collaborative learning literature related to adaptive help seeking, the joint problem-solving space in which collaborative computing occurs, and conversations related to outcomes and products of computational activities. Instrument development and validation also included ongoing advisory board feedback from experts in computer science, collaborative learning, and K-12 computing as well as classroom observations to test out the constructs in the C-COI. These processes resulted in an instrument with rigorous validation procedures and a high inter-rater reliability.

A comprehensive defect data bank for no. 2 common oak lumber

Treesearch

Edwin L. Lucas; Leathern R.R. Catron; Leathern R.R. Catron

1973-01-01

Computer simulation of rough mill cut-up operations allows lowcost evaluation of furniture rough mill cut-up procedures. The defect data bank serves as input to such simulation programs. The data bank contains a detailed accounting of defect data taken from 637 No. 2 Common oak boards. Included is a description of each defect (location, size, and type), as well as the...

Knowledge Based System Applications for Guidance and Control (Application des Systemes a Base de Connaissances au Guidage-Pilotage)

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

techniques and integration concepts. Recent advances in digital computation techniques including data base management , represent the core enabling...tactical information management and effective pilot interaction are essential. Pilot decision aiding, combat automation, sensor fusion and ol-board...tactical battle management concepts offer the opportunity for substantial mission effectiveness improvements. Although real-time tactical military

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) is rapidly replacing mammography as the standard of care in breast cancer screening and diagnosis. DBT is a form of computed tomography, in which a limited set of projection images are acquired over a small angular range and reconstructed into tomographic data. The angular range varies from 15° to 50° and the number of projections varies between 9 and 25 projections, as determined by the equipment manufacturer. It is equally valid to treat DBT as the digital analog of classical tomography – that is, linear tomography. In fact, the name “tomosynthesis” stands for “synthetic tomography.” DBTmore » shares many common features with classical tomography, including the radiographic appearance, dose, and image quality considerations. As such, both the science and practical physics of DBT systems is a hybrid between computed tomography and classical tomographic methods. In this lecture, we will explore the continuum from radiography to computed tomography to illustrate the characteristics of DBT. This lecture will consist of four presentations that will provide a complete overview of DBT, including a review of the fundamentals of DBT acquisition, a discussion of DBT reconstruction methods, an overview of dosimetry for DBT systems, and summary of the underlying image theory of DBT thereby relating image quality and dose. Learning Objectives: To understand the fundamental principles behind tomosynthesis image acquisition. To understand the fundamentals of tomosynthesis image reconstruction. To learn the determinants of image quality and dose in DBT, including measurement techniques. To learn the image theory underlying tomosynthesis, and the relationship between dose and image quality. ADM is a consultant to, and holds stock in, Real Time Tomography, LLC. ADM receives research support from Hologic Inc., Analogic Inc., and Barco NV.; ADM is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for Gamma Medica Inc.; A. Maidment, Research Support, Hologic, Inc.; Research Support, Barco, Inc.; Scientific Advisory Board, Gamma Medica, Inc.; Scientific Advisory Board, Real-Time Tomography, LLC.; Shareholder, Real-Time Tomography, LLC; J. Mainprize, Our lab has a research agreement with GE Healthcare on various topics in digital mammography and digital tomosynthesis; W. Zhao, Research grant from Siemens Health Care.« less

MO-DE-209-03: Assessing Image Quality

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhao, W.

Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) is rapidly replacing mammography as the standard of care in breast cancer screening and diagnosis. DBT is a form of computed tomography, in which a limited set of projection images are acquired over a small angular range and reconstructed into tomographic data. The angular range varies from 15° to 50° and the number of projections varies between 9 and 25 projections, as determined by the equipment manufacturer. It is equally valid to treat DBT as the digital analog of classical tomography – that is, linear tomography. In fact, the name “tomosynthesis” stands for “synthetic tomography.” DBTmore » shares many common features with classical tomography, including the radiographic appearance, dose, and image quality considerations. As such, both the science and practical physics of DBT systems is a hybrid between computed tomography and classical tomographic methods. In this lecture, we will explore the continuum from radiography to computed tomography to illustrate the characteristics of DBT. This lecture will consist of four presentations that will provide a complete overview of DBT, including a review of the fundamentals of DBT acquisition, a discussion of DBT reconstruction methods, an overview of dosimetry for DBT systems, and summary of the underlying image theory of DBT thereby relating image quality and dose. Learning Objectives: To understand the fundamental principles behind tomosynthesis image acquisition. To understand the fundamentals of tomosynthesis image reconstruction. To learn the determinants of image quality and dose in DBT, including measurement techniques. To learn the image theory underlying tomosynthesis, and the relationship between dose and image quality. ADM is a consultant to, and holds stock in, Real Time Tomography, LLC. ADM receives research support from Hologic Inc., Analogic Inc., and Barco NV.; ADM is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for Gamma Medica Inc.; A. Maidment, Research Support, Hologic, Inc.; Research Support, Barco, Inc.; Scientific Advisory Board, Gamma Medica, Inc.; Scientific Advisory Board, Real-Time Tomography, LLC.; Shareholder, Real-Time Tomography, LLC; J. Mainprize, Our lab has a research agreement with GE Healthcare on various topics in digital mammography and digital tomosynthesis; W. Zhao, Research grant from Siemens Health Care.« less

MO-DE-209-01: Primer On Tomosynthesis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Maidment, A.

2016-06-15

Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) is rapidly replacing mammography as the standard of care in breast cancer screening and diagnosis. DBT is a form of computed tomography, in which a limited set of projection images are acquired over a small angular range and reconstructed into tomographic data. The angular range varies from 15° to 50° and the number of projections varies between 9 and 25 projections, as determined by the equipment manufacturer. It is equally valid to treat DBT as the digital analog of classical tomography – that is, linear tomography. In fact, the name “tomosynthesis” stands for “synthetic tomography.” DBTmore » shares many common features with classical tomography, including the radiographic appearance, dose, and image quality considerations. As such, both the science and practical physics of DBT systems is a hybrid between computed tomography and classical tomographic methods. In this lecture, we will explore the continuum from radiography to computed tomography to illustrate the characteristics of DBT. This lecture will consist of four presentations that will provide a complete overview of DBT, including a review of the fundamentals of DBT acquisition, a discussion of DBT reconstruction methods, an overview of dosimetry for DBT systems, and summary of the underlying image theory of DBT thereby relating image quality and dose. Learning Objectives: To understand the fundamental principles behind tomosynthesis image acquisition. To understand the fundamentals of tomosynthesis image reconstruction. To learn the determinants of image quality and dose in DBT, including measurement techniques. To learn the image theory underlying tomosynthesis, and the relationship between dose and image quality. ADM is a consultant to, and holds stock in, Real Time Tomography, LLC. ADM receives research support from Hologic Inc., Analogic Inc., and Barco NV.; ADM is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for Gamma Medica Inc.; A. Maidment, Research Support, Hologic, Inc.; Research Support, Barco, Inc.; Scientific Advisory Board, Gamma Medica, Inc.; Scientific Advisory Board, Real-Time Tomography, LLC.; Shareholder, Real-Time Tomography, LLC; J. Mainprize, Our lab has a research agreement with GE Healthcare on various topics in digital mammography and digital tomosynthesis; W. Zhao, Research grant from Siemens Health Care.« less

MO-DE-209-04: Radiation Dosimetry in Breast Tomosynthesis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sechopoulos, I.

2016-06-15

Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) is rapidly replacing mammography as the standard of care in breast cancer screening and diagnosis. DBT is a form of computed tomography, in which a limited set of projection images are acquired over a small angular range and reconstructed into tomographic data. The angular range varies from 15° to 50° and the number of projections varies between 9 and 25 projections, as determined by the equipment manufacturer. It is equally valid to treat DBT as the digital analog of classical tomography – that is, linear tomography. In fact, the name “tomosynthesis” stands for “synthetic tomography.” DBTmore » shares many common features with classical tomography, including the radiographic appearance, dose, and image quality considerations. As such, both the science and practical physics of DBT systems is a hybrid between computed tomography and classical tomographic methods. In this lecture, we will explore the continuum from radiography to computed tomography to illustrate the characteristics of DBT. This lecture will consist of four presentations that will provide a complete overview of DBT, including a review of the fundamentals of DBT acquisition, a discussion of DBT reconstruction methods, an overview of dosimetry for DBT systems, and summary of the underlying image theory of DBT thereby relating image quality and dose. Learning Objectives: To understand the fundamental principles behind tomosynthesis image acquisition. To understand the fundamentals of tomosynthesis image reconstruction. To learn the determinants of image quality and dose in DBT, including measurement techniques. To learn the image theory underlying tomosynthesis, and the relationship between dose and image quality. ADM is a consultant to, and holds stock in, Real Time Tomography, LLC. ADM receives research support from Hologic Inc., Analogic Inc., and Barco NV.; ADM is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for Gamma Medica Inc.; A. Maidment, Research Support, Hologic, Inc.; Research Support, Barco, Inc.; Scientific Advisory Board, Gamma Medica, Inc.; Scientific Advisory Board, Real-Time Tomography, LLC.; Shareholder, Real-Time Tomography, LLC; J. Mainprize, Our lab has a research agreement with GE Healthcare on various topics in digital mammography and digital tomosynthesis; W. Zhao, Research grant from Siemens Health Care.« less

MO-DE-209-02: Tomosynthesis Reconstruction Methods

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mainprize, J.

2016-06-15

Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) is rapidly replacing mammography as the standard of care in breast cancer screening and diagnosis. DBT is a form of computed tomography, in which a limited set of projection images are acquired over a small angular range and reconstructed into tomographic data. The angular range varies from 15° to 50° and the number of projections varies between 9 and 25 projections, as determined by the equipment manufacturer. It is equally valid to treat DBT as the digital analog of classical tomography – that is, linear tomography. In fact, the name “tomosynthesis” stands for “synthetic tomography.” DBTmore » shares many common features with classical tomography, including the radiographic appearance, dose, and image quality considerations. As such, both the science and practical physics of DBT systems is a hybrid between computed tomography and classical tomographic methods. In this lecture, we will explore the continuum from radiography to computed tomography to illustrate the characteristics of DBT. This lecture will consist of four presentations that will provide a complete overview of DBT, including a review of the fundamentals of DBT acquisition, a discussion of DBT reconstruction methods, an overview of dosimetry for DBT systems, and summary of the underlying image theory of DBT thereby relating image quality and dose. Learning Objectives: To understand the fundamental principles behind tomosynthesis image acquisition. To understand the fundamentals of tomosynthesis image reconstruction. To learn the determinants of image quality and dose in DBT, including measurement techniques. To learn the image theory underlying tomosynthesis, and the relationship between dose and image quality. ADM is a consultant to, and holds stock in, Real Time Tomography, LLC. ADM receives research support from Hologic Inc., Analogic Inc., and Barco NV.; ADM is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for Gamma Medica Inc.; A. Maidment, Research Support, Hologic, Inc.; Research Support, Barco, Inc.; Scientific Advisory Board, Gamma Medica, Inc.; Scientific Advisory Board, Real-Time Tomography, LLC.; Shareholder, Real-Time Tomography, LLC; J. Mainprize, Our lab has a research agreement with GE Healthcare on various topics in digital mammography and digital tomosynthesis; W. Zhao, Research grant from Siemens Health Care.« less

2007 Beyond SBIR Phase II: Bringing Technology Edge to the Warfighter

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-08-23

Systems Trade-Off Analysis and Optimization Verification and Validation On-Board Diagnostics and Self - healing Security and Anti-Tampering Rapid...verification; Safety and reliability analysis of flight and mission critical systems On-Board Diagnostics and Self - Healing Model-based monitoring and... self - healing On-board diagnostics and self - healing ; Autonomic computing; Network intrusion detection and prevention Anti-Tampering and Trust

26 CFR 31.3121(i)-4 - Computation of remuneration for service performed by certain members of religious orders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... furnished to them. In making a determination of the fair market value of such board and lodging, the... fair market value of any board, lodging, clothing, and other perquisites furnished to such member by.... Where the fair market value of any board, lodging, clothing, and other perquisites furnished to all...

26 CFR 31.3121(i)-4 - Computation of remuneration for service performed by certain members of religious orders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... furnished to them. In making a determination of the fair market value of such board and lodging, the... fair market value of any board, lodging, clothing, and other perquisites furnished to such member by.... Where the fair market value of any board, lodging, clothing, and other perquisites furnished to all...

26 CFR 31.3121(i)-4 - Computation of remuneration for service performed by certain members of religious orders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... furnished to them. In making a determination of the fair market value of such board and lodging, the... fair market value of any board, lodging, clothing, and other perquisites furnished to such member by.... Where the fair market value of any board, lodging, clothing, and other perquisites furnished to all...

Embedded Thermal Control for Spacecraft Subsystems Miniaturization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Didion, Jeffrey R.

2014-01-01

Optimization of spacecraft size, weight and power (SWaP) resources is an explicit technical priority at Goddard Space Flight Center. Embedded Thermal Control Subsystems are a promising technology with many cross cutting NSAA, DoD and commercial applications: 1.) CubeSatSmallSat spacecraft architecture, 2.) high performance computing, 3.) On-board spacecraft electronics, 4.) Power electronics and RF arrays. The Embedded Thermal Control Subsystem technology development efforts focus on component, board and enclosure level devices that will ultimately include intelligent capabilities. The presentation will discuss electric, capillary and hybrid based hardware research and development efforts at Goddard Space Flight Center. The Embedded Thermal Control Subsystem development program consists of interrelated sub-initiatives, e.g., chip component level thermal control devices, self-sensing thermal management, advanced manufactured structures. This presentation includes technical status and progress on each of these investigations. Future sub-initiatives, technical milestones and program goals will be presented.

Highly-Parallel, Highly-Compact Computing Structures Implemented in Nanotechnology

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Crawley, D. G.; Duff, M. J. B.; Fountain, T. J.; Moffat, C. D.; Tomlinson, C. D.

1995-01-01

In this paper, we describe work in which we are evaluating how the evolving properties of nano-electronic devices could best be utilized in highly parallel computing structures. Because of their combination of high performance, low power, and extreme compactness, such structures would have obvious applications in spaceborne environments, both for general mission control and for on-board data analysis. However, the anticipated properties of nano-devices mean that the optimum architecture for such systems is by no means certain. Candidates include single instruction multiple datastream (SIMD) arrays, neural networks, and multiple instruction multiple datastream (MIMD) assemblies.

EASAMS' Ariane 5 on-board software experience

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Birnie, Steven Andrew

The design and development of the prototype flight software for the Ariane 5 satellite launch vehicle is considered. This was specified as being representative of the eventual real flight program in terms of timing constraints and target computer loading. The usability of HOOD (Hierarchical Object Oriented Design) and Ada for development of such preemptive multitasking computer programs was verified. Features of the prototype development included: design methods supplementary to HOOD for representation of concurrency aspects; visibility of Ada enumerated type literals across HOOD parent-child interfaces; deterministic timings achieved by modification of Ada delays; and linking of interrupts to Ada task entries.

HORN-6 special-purpose clustered computing system for electroholography.

PubMed

Ichihashi, Yasuyuki; Nakayama, Hirotaka; Ito, Tomoyoshi; Masuda, Nobuyuki; Shimobaba, Tomoyoshi; Shiraki, Atsushi; Sugie, Takashige

2009-08-03

We developed the HORN-6 special-purpose computer for holography. We designed and constructed the HORN-6 board to handle an object image composed of one million points and constructed a cluster system composed of 16 HORN-6 boards. Using this HORN-6 cluster system, we succeeded in creating a computer-generated hologram of a three-dimensional image composed of 1,000,000 points at a rate of 1 frame per second, and a computer-generated hologram of an image composed of 100,000 points at a rate of 10 frames per second, which is near video rate, when the size of a computer-generated hologram is 1,920 x 1,080. The calculation speed is approximately 4,600 times faster than that of a personal computer with an Intel 3.4-GHz Pentium 4 CPU.

Navigating a Maze with Balance Board and Wiimote

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fikkert, Wim; Hoeijmakers, Niek; van der Vet, Paul; Nijholt, Anton

Input from the lower body in human-computer interfaces can be beneficial, enjoyable and even entertaining when users are expected to perform tasks simultaneously. Users can navigate a virtual (game) world or even an (empirical) dataset while having their hands free to issue commands. We compared the Wii Balance Board to a hand-held Wiimote for navigating a maze and found that users completed this task slower with the Balance Board. However, the Balance Board was considered more intuitive, easy to learn and ‘much fun’.

Development of hardware accelerator for molecular dynamics simulations: a computation board that calculates nonbonded interactions in cooperation with fast multipole method.

PubMed

Amisaki, Takashi; Toyoda, Shinjiro; Miyagawa, Hiroh; Kitamura, Kunihiro

2003-04-15

Evaluation of long-range Coulombic interactions still represents a bottleneck in the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of biological macromolecules. Despite the advent of sophisticated fast algorithms, such as the fast multipole method (FMM), accurate simulations still demand a great amount of computation time due to the accuracy/speed trade-off inherently involved in these algorithms. Unless higher order multipole expansions, which are extremely expensive to evaluate, are employed, a large amount of the execution time is still spent in directly calculating particle-particle interactions within the nearby region of each particle. To reduce this execution time for pair interactions, we developed a computation unit (board), called MD-Engine II, that calculates nonbonded pairwise interactions using a specially designed hardware. Four custom arithmetic-processors and a processor for memory manipulation ("particle processor") are mounted on the computation board. The arithmetic processors are responsible for calculation of the pair interactions. The particle processor plays a central role in realizing efficient cooperation with the FMM. The results of a series of 50-ps MD simulations of a protein-water system (50,764 atoms) indicated that a more stringent setting of accuracy in FMM computation, compared with those previously reported, was required for accurate simulations over long time periods. Such a level of accuracy was efficiently achieved using the cooperative calculations of the FMM and MD-Engine II. On an Alpha 21264 PC, the FMM computation at a moderate but tolerable level of accuracy was accelerated by a factor of 16.0 using three boards. At a high level of accuracy, the cooperative calculation achieved a 22.7-fold acceleration over the corresponding conventional FMM calculation. In the cooperative calculations of the FMM and MD-Engine II, it was possible to achieve more accurate computation at a comparable execution time by incorporating larger nearby regions. Copyright 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 24: 582-592, 2003

Loopback Tester: a synchronous communications circuit diagnostic device

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Maestas, J.H.

1986-07-01

The Loopback Tester is an Intel SBC 86/12A Single Board Computer and an Intel SBC 534 Communications Expansion Board configured and programmed to perform various basic or less. These tests include: (1) Data Communications Equipment (DCE) transmit timing detection (2) data rate measurement (3) instantaneous loopback indication and (4) bit error rate testing. It requires no initial setup after plug in, and can be used to locate the source of communications loss in a circuit. It can also be used to determine when crypto variable mismatch problems are the source of communications loss. This report discusses the functionality of themore » Loopback Tester as a diagnostic device. It also discusses the hardware and software which implements this simple yet reliable device.« less

The high energy multicharged particle exposure of the microbial ecology evaluation device on board the Apollo 16 spacecraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Benton, E. V.; Henke, R. P.

1973-01-01

The high energy multicharged cosmic-ray-particle exposure of the Microbial Ecology Evaluation Device package on board the Apollo 16 spacecraft was monitored using cellulose nitrate, Lexan polycarbonate, nuclear emulsion, and silver chloride crystal nuclear-track detectors. The results of the analysis of these detectors include the measured particle fluences, the linear energy transfer spectra, and the integral atomic number spectrum of stopping particle density. The linear energy transfer spectrum is used to compute the fractional cell loss in human kidney (T1) cells caused by heavy particles. Because the Microbial Ecology Evaluation Device was better shielded, the high-energy multicharged particle exposure was less than that measured on the crew passive dosimeters.

Computing in the presence of soft bit errors. [caused by single event upset on spacecraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rasmussen, R. D.

1984-01-01

It is shown that single-event-upsets (SEUs) due to cosmic rays are a significant source of single bit error in spacecraft computers. The physical mechanism of SEU, electron hole generation by means of Linear Energy Transfer (LET), it discussed with reference made to the results of a study of the environmental effects on computer systems of the Galileo spacecraft. Techniques for making software more tolerant of cosmic ray effects are considered, including: reducing the number of registers used by the software; continuity testing of variables; redundant execution of major procedures for error detection; and encoding state variables to detect single-bit changes. Attention is also given to design modifications which may reduce the cosmic ray exposure of on-board hardware. These modifications include: shielding components operating in LEO; removing low-power Schottky parts; and the use of CMOS diodes. The SEU parameters of different electronic components are listed in a table.

Human computer interface guide, revision A

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1993-01-01

The Human Computer Interface Guide, SSP 30540, is a reference document for the information systems within the Space Station Freedom Program (SSFP). The Human Computer Interface Guide (HCIG) provides guidelines for the design of computer software that affects human performance, specifically, the human-computer interface. This document contains an introduction and subparagraphs on SSFP computer systems, users, and tasks; guidelines for interactions between users and the SSFP computer systems; human factors evaluation and testing of the user interface system; and example specifications. The contents of this document are intended to be consistent with the tasks and products to be prepared by NASA Work Package Centers and SSFP participants as defined in SSP 30000, Space Station Program Definition and Requirements Document. The Human Computer Interface Guide shall be implemented on all new SSFP contractual and internal activities and shall be included in any existing contracts through contract changes. This document is under the control of the Space Station Control Board, and any changes or revisions will be approved by the deputy director.

The Air Force Geophysics Laboratory Standalone Data Acquisition System: A Functional Description.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-10-09

the board are a buffer for the RUN/HALT front panel switch and a retriggerable oneshot multivibrator. This latter circuit senses the SRUN pulse train...recording on the data tapes, and providing the master timing source for data acquisition. An Electronic Research Company (ERC) model 2446 digital...the computer is fed to a retriggerable oneshot multivibrator on the board. (SRUN consists of a pulse train that is present when the computer is running

Multi-sensor Navigation System Design

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1971-03-01

This report treats the design of naviggation systems that collect data from two or more on-board measurement subsystems and precess this data in an on-board computer. Such systems are called Multi-sensor Navigation Systems. : The design begins with t...

Large public display boards: a case study of an OR board and design implications.

PubMed

Lasome, C E; Xiao, Y

2001-01-01

A compelling reason for studying artifacts in collaborative work is to inform design. We present a case study of a public display board (12 ft by 4 ft) in a Level-I trauma center operating room (OR) unit. The board has evolved into a sophisticated coordination tool for clinicians and supporting personnel. This paper draws on study findings about how the OR board is used and organizes the findings into three areas: (1) visual and physical properties of the board that are exploited for collaboration, (2) purposes the board was configured to serve, and (3) types of physical and perceptual interaction with the board. Findings and implications related to layout, size, flexibility, task management, problem-solving, resourcing, shared awareness, and communication are discussed in an effort to propose guidelines to facilitate the design of electronic, computer driven display boards in the OR environment.

41 CFR 105-64.110 - When may GSA establish computer matching programs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... computer matching programs? 105-64.110 Section 105-64.110 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal... GSA establish computer matching programs? (a) System managers will establish computer matching... direction of the GSA Data Integrity Board that will be established when and if computer matching programs...

41 CFR 105-64.110 - When may GSA establish computer matching programs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... computer matching programs? 105-64.110 Section 105-64.110 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal... GSA establish computer matching programs? (a) System managers will establish computer matching... direction of the GSA Data Integrity Board that will be established when and if computer matching programs...

41 CFR 105-64.110 - When may GSA establish computer matching programs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... computer matching programs? 105-64.110 Section 105-64.110 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal... GSA establish computer matching programs? (a) System managers will establish computer matching... direction of the GSA Data Integrity Board that will be established when and if computer matching programs...

41 CFR 105-64.110 - When may GSA establish computer matching programs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... computer matching programs? 105-64.110 Section 105-64.110 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal... GSA establish computer matching programs? (a) System managers will establish computer matching... direction of the GSA Data Integrity Board that will be established when and if computer matching programs...

41 CFR 105-64.110 - When may GSA establish computer matching programs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... computer matching programs? 105-64.110 Section 105-64.110 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal... GSA establish computer matching programs? (a) System managers will establish computer matching... direction of the GSA Data Integrity Board that will be established when and if computer matching programs...

Lessons Learned Using COTS Electronics for the International Space Station Radiation Environment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Blumer, John H.; Roth, A. (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

The mantra of 'Faster, Better, Cheaper' has to a large degree been interpreted as using Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) components and/or circuit boards. One of the first space applications to actually use COTS in space along with radiation performance requirements was the Expedite the Processing of Experiments to Space Station (EXPRESS) Rack program, for the International Space Station (ISS). In order to meet the performance, cost and schedule targets, military grade Versa Module Eurocard (VME) was selected as the baseline design for the main computer, the Rack Interface Controller (RIC). VME was chosen as the computer backplane because of the large variety of military grade boards available, which were designed to meet the military environmental specifications (thermal, shock, vibration, etc.). These boards also have a paper pedigree in regards to components. Since these boards exceeded most ISS environmental requirements, it was reasoned using COTS mid-grade VME boards, as opposed to designing custom boards could save significant time and money. It was recognized up front the radiation environment of ISS, while benign compared to many space flight applications, would be the main challenge to using COTS. Thus in addition to selecting vendors on how well their boards met the usual performance and environmental specifications, the board's parts lists were reviewed on how well they would perform in the ISS radiation environment. However, issues with verifying that the available radiation test data was applicable to the actual part used, vendor part design changes and the fact most parts did not have valid test data soon complicated board and part selection in regards to radiation.

Development of a modular test system for the silicon sensor R&D of the ATLAS Upgrade

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu, H.; Benoit, M.; Chen, H.

High Voltage CMOS sensors are a promising technology for tracking detectors in collider experiments. Extensive R&D studies are being carried out by the ATLAS Collaboration for a possible use of HV-CMOS in the High Luminosity LHC upgrade of the Inner Tracker detector. CaRIBOu (Control and Readout Itk BOard) is a modular test system developed to test Silicon based detectors. It currently includes five custom designed boards, a Xilinx ZC706 development board, FELIX (Front-End LInk eXchange) PCIe card and a host computer. A software program has been developed in Python to control the CaRIBOu hardware. CaRIBOu has been used in themore » testbeam of the HV-CMOS sensor AMS180v4 at CERN. Preliminary results have shown that the test system is very versatile. In conclusion, further development is ongoing to adapt to different sensors, and to make it available to various lab test stands.« less

Development of a modular test system for the silicon sensor R&D of the ATLAS Upgrade

DOE PAGES

Liu, H.; Benoit, M.; Chen, H.; ...

2017-01-11

High Voltage CMOS sensors are a promising technology for tracking detectors in collider experiments. Extensive R&D studies are being carried out by the ATLAS Collaboration for a possible use of HV-CMOS in the High Luminosity LHC upgrade of the Inner Tracker detector. CaRIBOu (Control and Readout Itk BOard) is a modular test system developed to test Silicon based detectors. It currently includes five custom designed boards, a Xilinx ZC706 development board, FELIX (Front-End LInk eXchange) PCIe card and a host computer. A software program has been developed in Python to control the CaRIBOu hardware. CaRIBOu has been used in themore » testbeam of the HV-CMOS sensor AMS180v4 at CERN. Preliminary results have shown that the test system is very versatile. In conclusion, further development is ongoing to adapt to different sensors, and to make it available to various lab test stands.« less

Space station data system analysis/architecture study. Task 2: Options development DR-5. Volume 1: Technology options

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1985-01-01

The second task in the Space Station Data System (SSDS) Analysis/Architecture Study is the development of an information base that will support the conduct of trade studies and provide sufficient data to make key design/programmatic decisions. This volume identifies the preferred options in the technology category and characterizes these options with respect to performance attributes, constraints, cost, and risk. The technology category includes advanced materials, processes, and techniques that can be used to enhance the implementation of SSDS design structures. The specific areas discussed are mass storage, including space and round on-line storage and off-line storage; man/machine interface; data processing hardware, including flight computers and advanced/fault tolerant computer architectures; and software, including data compression algorithms, on-board high level languages, and software tools. Also discussed are artificial intelligence applications and hard-wire communications.

Telecommunications: A New Horizon for the Handicapped.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cunningham, Pat; Gose, Joan

The paper describes a computer bulletin board program operated by physically handicapped high school students. Through the bulletin board system, resource people have been contacted, students' written communication and interpersonal relationships have been strengthened, and professional contact has been strengthened. Administrative implications…

Hands-on work fine-tunes X-band PIN-diode duplexer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schneider, P.

1985-06-01

Computer-aided design (CAD) programs for fabricating PIN-diode duplexers are useful in avoiding time-consuming cut-and-try techniques. Nevertheless, to attain minimum insertion loss, only experimentation yields the optimum microstrip circuitry. A PIN-diode duplexer, consisting of two SPST PIN-diode switches and a pair of 3-dB Lange microstrip couplers, designed for an X-band transmit/receive module exemplifies what is possible when computer-derived designs and experimentation are used together. Differences between the measured and computer-generated figures for insertion loss can be attributed to several factors not included in the CAD program - for example, radiation and connector losses. Mechanical tolerances of the microstrip PC board and variations in the SMA connector-to-microstrip transition contribute to the discrepancy.

Analysis of Multilayered Printed Circuit Boards using Computed Tomography

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-05-01

complex PCBs that present a challenge for any testing or fault analysis. Set-to- work testing and fault analysis of any electronic circuit require...Electronic Warfare and Radar Division in December 2010. He is currently in Electro- Optic Countermeasures Group. Samuel works on embedded system design...and software optimisation of complex electro-optical systems, including the set to work and characterisation of these systems. He has a Bachelor of

Molecular computation: RNA solutions to chess problems.

PubMed

Faulhammer, D; Cukras, A R; Lipton, R J; Landweber, L F

2000-02-15

We have expanded the field of "DNA computers" to RNA and present a general approach for the solution of satisfiability problems. As an example, we consider a variant of the "Knight problem," which asks generally what configurations of knights can one place on an n x n chess board such that no knight is attacking any other knight on the board. Using specific ribonuclease digestion to manipulate strands of a 10-bit binary RNA library, we developed a molecular algorithm and applied it to a 3 x 3 chessboard as a 9-bit instance of this problem. Here, the nine spaces on the board correspond to nine "bits" or placeholders in a combinatorial RNA library. We recovered a set of "winning" molecules that describe solutions to this problem.

Recovery of gold from computer circuit board scrap using aqua regia.

PubMed

Sheng, Peter P; Etsell, Thomas H

2007-08-01

Computer circuit board scrap was first treated with one part concentrated nitric acid and two parts water at 70 degrees C for 1 h. This step dissolved the base metals, thereby liberating the chips from the boards. After solid-liquid separation, the chips, intermixed with some metallic flakes and tin oxide precipitate, were mechanically crushed to liberate the base and precious metals contained within the protective plastic or ceramic chip cases. The base metals in this crushed product were dissolved by leaching again with the same type of nitric acid-water solution. The remaining solid constituents, crushed chips and resin, plus solid particles of gold, were leached with aqua regia at various times and temperatures. Gold was precipitated from the leachate with ferrous sulphate.

Advanced On-Board Processor (AOP). [for future spacecraft applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1973-01-01

Advanced On-board Processor the (AOP) uses large scale integration throughout and is the most advanced space qualified computer of its class in existence today. It was designed to satisfy most spacecraft requirements which are anticipated over the next several years. The AOP design utilizes custom metallized multigate arrays (CMMA) which have been designed specifically for this computer. This approach provides the most efficient use of circuits, reduces volume, weight, assembly costs and provides for a significant increase in reliability by the significant reduction in conventional circuit interconnections. The required 69 CMMA packages are assembled on a single multilayer printed circuit board which together with associated connectors constitutes the complete AOP. This approach also reduces conventional interconnections thus further reducing weight, volume and assembly costs.

ROMI-RIP: Rough mill rip-first simulator. Forest Service general technical report (Final)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Thomas, R.E.

1995-07-01

The ROugh Mill Rip-First Simulator (ROMI-RIP) is a computer software package that simulates the gang-ripping of lumber. ROMI-RIP was designed to closely simulate current machines and industrial practice. This simulator allows the user to perform `what if` analyses on various gang-rip-first rough mill operations with fixed, floating outer blade and all-movable blade arbors. ROMI-RIP accepts cutting bills with up to 300 different part sizes. Plots of processed boards are easily viewed or printed. Detailed summaries of processing steps (number of rips and crosscuts) and yields (single boards or entire board files) can also be viewed of printed. ROMI-RIP requires IBMmore » personal computers with 80286 of higher processors.« less

Technology for organization of the onboard system for processing and storage of ERS data for ultrasmall spacecraft

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Strotov, Valery V.; Taganov, Alexander I.; Konkin, Yuriy V.; Kolesenkov, Aleksandr N.

2017-10-01

Task of processing and analysis of obtained Earth remote sensing data on ultra-small spacecraft board is actual taking into consideration significant expenditures of energy for data transfer and low productivity of computers. Thereby, there is an issue of effective and reliable storage of the general information flow obtained from onboard systems of information collection, including Earth remote sensing data, into a specialized data base. The paper has considered peculiarities of database management system operation with the multilevel memory structure. For storage of data in data base the format has been developed that describes a data base physical structure which contains required parameters for information loading. Such structure allows reducing a memory size occupied by data base because it is not necessary to store values of keys separately. The paper has shown architecture of the relational database management system oriented into embedment into the onboard ultra-small spacecraft software. Data base for storage of different information, including Earth remote sensing data, can be developed by means of such database management system for its following processing. Suggested database management system architecture has low requirements to power of the computer systems and memory resources on the ultra-small spacecraft board. Data integrity is ensured under input and change of the structured information.

2005 Science and Technology for Chem-Bio Information Systems (S and T CBIS) volume 3 Thursday

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-10-28

radar, lidar, or sodar with computer on-board. Temperature and moisture MW radiometer with computer on- board. Portable meteorological sensors ... Wireless on the go is a way of life now – my cell phone , my PDA, my IPOD (look, I’m “Podcasting”!) and dock it when I’m at home – Same components...Team.. Other specifications will follow… Standardization of the interfaces across all CBRN sensors / devices ! JPEO-CBD 20 Joint Program Executive Office

Woodmetrics: imaging devices and processes in wood inspection at Lulea University of Technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hagman, Olle

1999-09-01

Wood Technology research and education at Lulea University of Technology is located in Skelleftea 800 km north of Stockholm. At the campus about 25 persons are involved in education and research in Wood Technology. We are educating M.Sc. and post- graduate students in Wood Technology. The research at the campus includes the following main fields: -- Wood Machining - - Woodmetrics -- Wood Drying -- Wood Composites/Wood Material Science. Our research strategy is to obtain an individual treatment of every tree, board and piece of wood in order to get highest possible value for the forest products. This shall be accomplished by the aid of advanced scanning technology and computer technology. Woodmetrics means to measure different wood parameters in order to optimize the utilization of the raw material. Today we have the following projects in this field: Automatic wood inspection -- Color changes and moisture flow in drying processes -- Inner quality of logs and lumber - - Stem quality database -- Computer tomography -- Aesthetic properties of wood -- Market/industry/forest relations. In the Woodmetrics field we are using computer tomography, CCD cameras and other sensors in order to find and measure defects in trees and on boards. The signals are analyzed and classified with modern image analyzing techniques and advanced statistical methods.

Serial Network Flow Monitor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Robinson, Julie A.; Tate-Brown, Judy M.

2009-01-01

Using a commercial software CD and minimal up-mass, SNFM monitors the Payload local area network (LAN) to analyze and troubleshoot LAN data traffic. Validating LAN traffic models may allow for faster and more reliable computer networks to sustain systems and science on future space missions. Research Summary: This experiment studies the function of the computer network onboard the ISS. On-orbit packet statistics are captured and used to validate ground based medium rate data link models and enhance the way that the local area network (LAN) is monitored. This information will allow monitoring and improvement in the data transfer capabilities of on-orbit computer networks. The Serial Network Flow Monitor (SNFM) experiment attempts to characterize the network equivalent of traffic jams on board ISS. The SNFM team is able to specifically target historical problem areas including the SAMS (Space Acceleration Measurement System) communication issues, data transmissions from the ISS to the ground teams, and multiple users on the network at the same time. By looking at how various users interact with each other on the network, conflicts can be identified and work can begin on solutions. SNFM is comprised of a commercial off the shelf software package that monitors packet traffic through the payload Ethernet LANs (local area networks) on board ISS.

Harem: Hardwood lumber remanufacturing program for maxmizing value based on size, grade and current market prices

Treesearch

C.J. Schwehm; P. Klinkhachorn; Charles W. McMillin; Henry A. Huber

1990-01-01

This paper describes an expert system computer program which will determine the optimum way to edge and trim a hardwood board so as to yield the highest dollar value based on the grade, size of each board, and current market prices. The program uses the Automated Hardwood Lumber Grading Program written by Klinkhachorn, et al. for determining the grade of each board...

Essential Goals and Objectives for Computer Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Michigan State Board of Education, Lansing.

Developed by the Michigan State Board of Education, this document begins with brief discussions of a philosophy for the integration of computers into all content areas and district planning for computer use in schools. Essential goals and objectives for computer education are then outlined in the following areas: (1) computing and its evolving…

Optimal boarding method for airline passengers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Steffen, Jason H.; /Fermilab

2008-02-01

Using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo optimization algorithm and a computer simulation, I find the passenger ordering which minimizes the time required to board the passengers onto an airplane. The model that I employ assumes that the time that a passenger requires to load his or her luggage is the dominant contribution to the time needed to completely fill the aircraft. The optimal boarding strategy may reduce the time required to board and airplane by over a factor of four and possibly more depending upon the dimensions of the aircraft. I explore some features of the optimal boarding method andmore » discuss practical modifications to the optimal. Finally, I mention some of the benefits that could come from implementing an improved passenger boarding scheme.« less

VPI - VIBRATION PATTERN IMAGER: A CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR SCANNING LASER VIBROMETERS

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rizzi, S. A.

1994-01-01

The Vibration Pattern Imager (VPI) system was designed to control and acquire data from laser vibrometer sensors. The PC computer based system uses a digital signal processing (DSP) board and an analog I/O board to control the sensor and to process the data. The VPI system was originally developed for use with the Ometron VPI Sensor (Ometron Limited, Kelvin House, Worsley Bridge Road, London, SE26 5BX, England), but can be readily adapted to any commercially available sensor which provides an analog output signal and requires analog inputs for control of mirror positioning. VPI's graphical user interface allows the operation of the program to be controlled interactively through keyboard and mouse-selected menu options. The main menu controls all functions for setup, data acquisition, display, file operations, and exiting the program. Two types of data may be acquired with the VPI system: single point or "full field". In the single point mode, time series data is sampled by the A/D converter on the I/O board at a user-defined rate for the selected number of samples. The position of the measuring point, adjusted by mirrors in the sensor, is controlled via a mouse input. In the "full field" mode, the measurement point is moved over a user-selected rectangular area with up to 256 positions in both x and y directions. The time series data is sampled by the A/D converter on the I/O board and converted to a root-mean-square (rms) value by the DSP board. The rms "full field" velocity distribution is then uploaded for display and storage. VPI is written in C language and Texas Instruments' TMS320C30 assembly language for IBM PC series and compatible computers running MS-DOS. The program requires 640K of RAM for execution, and a hard disk with 10Mb or more of disk space is recommended. The program also requires a mouse, a VGA graphics display, a Four Channel analog I/O board (Spectrum Signal Processing, Inc.; Westborough, MA), a break-out box and a Spirit-30 board (Sonitech International, Inc.; Wellesley, MA) which includes a TMS320C30 DSP processor, 256Kb zero wait state SRAM, and a daughter board with 8Mb one wait state DRAM. Please contact COSMIC for additional information on required hardware and software. In order to compile the provided VPI source code, a Microsoft C version 6.0 compiler, a Texas Instruments' TMS320C30 assembly language compiler, and the Spirit 30 run time libraries are required. A math co-processor is highly recommended. A sample MS-DOS executable is provided on the distribution medium. The standard distribution medium for this program is one 5.25 inch 360K MS-DOS format diskette. The contents of the diskettes are compressed using the PKWARE archiving tools. The utility to unarchive the files, PKUNZIP.EXE, is included. VPI was developed in 1991-1992.

Simultaneous recovery of Ni and Cu from computer-printed circuit boards using bioleaching: statistical evaluation and optimization.

PubMed

Arshadi, M; Mousavi, S M

2014-12-01

Computer printed circuit boards (CPCBs) have a rich metal content and are produced in high volume, making them an important component of electronic waste. The present study used a pure culture of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans to leach Cu and Ni from CPCBs waste. The adaptation phase began at 1g/l CPCBs powder with 10% inoculation and final pulp density was reached at 20g/l after about 80d. Four effective factors including initial pH, particle size, pulp density, and initial Fe(3+) concentration were optimized to achieve maximum simultaneous recovery of Cu and Ni. Their interactions were also identified using central composite design in response surface methodology. The suggested optimal conditions were initial pH 3, initial Fe(3+) 8.4g/l, pulp density 20g/l and particle size 95μm. Nearly 100% of Cu and Ni were simultaneously recovered under optimum conditions. Finally, bacterial growth characteristics versus time at optimum conditions were plotted. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Missileborne Artificial Vision System (MAVIS)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Andes, David K.; Witham, James C.; Miles, Michael D.

1994-01-01

Several years ago when INTEL and China Lake designed the ETANN chip, analog VLSI appeared to be the only way to do high density neural computing. In the last five years, however, digital parallel processing chips capable of performing neural computation functions have evolved to the point of rough equality with analog chips in system level computational density. The Naval Air Warfare Center, China Lake, has developed a real time, hardware and software system designed to implement and evaluate biologically inspired retinal and cortical models. The hardware is based on the Adaptive Solutions Inc. massively parallel CNAPS system COHO boards. Each COHO board is a standard size 6U VME card featuring 256 fixed point, RISC processors running at 20 MHz in a SIMD configuration. Each COHO board has a companion board built to support a real time VSB interface to an imaging seeker, a NTSC camera, and to other COHO boards. The system is designed to have multiple SIMD machines each performing different corticomorphic functions. The system level software has been developed which allows a high level description of corticomorphic structures to be translated into the native microcode of the CNAPS chips. Corticomorphic structures are those neural structures with a form similar to that of the retina, the lateral geniculate nucleus, or the visual cortex. This real time hardware system is designed to be shrunk into a volume compatible with air launched tactical missiles. Initial versions of the software and hardware have been completed and are in the early stages of integration with a missile seeker.

Design, Assembly, Integration, and Testing of a Power Processing Unit for a Cylindrical Hall Thruster, the NORSAT-2 Flatsat, and the Vector Gravimeter for Asteroids Instrument Computer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Svatos, Adam Ladislav

This thesis describes the author's contributions to three separate projects. The bus of the NORSAT-2 satellite was developed by the Space Flight Laboratory (SFL) for the Norwegian Space Centre (NSC) and Space Norway. The author's contributions to the mission were performing unit tests for the components of all the spacecraft subsystems as well as designing and assembling the flatsat from flight spares. Gedex's Vector Gravimeter for Asteroids (VEGA) is an accelerometer for spacecraft. The author's contributions to this payload were modifying the instrument computer board schematic, designing the printed circuit board, developing and applying test software, and performing thermal acceptance testing of two instrument computer boards. The SFL's cylindrical Hall effect thruster combines the cylindrical configuration for a Hall thruster and uses permanent magnets to achieve miniaturization and low power consumption, respectively. The author's contributions were to design, build, and test an engineering model power processing unit.

Note: A disposable x-ray camera based on mass produced complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor sensors and single-board computers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hoidn, Oliver R.; Seidler, Gerald T., E-mail: seidler@uw.edu

We have integrated mass-produced commercial complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors and off-the-shelf single-board computers into an x-ray camera platform optimized for acquisition of x-ray spectra and radiographs at energies of 2–6 keV. The CMOS sensor and single-board computer are complemented by custom mounting and interface hardware that can be easily acquired from rapid prototyping services. For single-pixel detection events, i.e., events where the deposited energy from one photon is substantially localized in a single pixel, we establish ∼20% quantum efficiency at 2.6 keV with ∼190 eV resolution and a 100 kHz maximum detection rate. The detector platform’s useful intrinsic energymore » resolution, 5-μm pixel size, ease of use, and obvious potential for parallelization make it a promising candidate for many applications at synchrotron facilities, in laser-heating plasma physics studies, and in laboratory-based x-ray spectrometry.« less

Optical printed circuit board (O-PCB) and VLSI photonic integrated circuits: visions, challenges, and progresses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, El-Hang; Lee, S. G.; O, B. H.; Park, S. G.; Noh, H. S.; Kim, K. H.; Song, S. H.

2006-09-01

A collective overview and review is presented on the original work conducted on the theory, design, fabrication, and in-tegration of micro/nano-scale optical wires and photonic devices for applications in a newly-conceived photonic systems called "optical printed circuit board" (O-PCBs) and "VLSI photonic integrated circuits" (VLSI-PIC). These are aimed for compact, high-speed, multi-functional, intelligent, light-weight, low-energy and environmentally friendly, low-cost, and high-volume applications to complement or surpass the capabilities of electrical PCBs (E-PCBs) and/or VLSI electronic integrated circuit (VLSI-IC) systems. These consist of 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional planar arrays of micro/nano-optical wires and circuits to perform the functions of all-optical sensing, storing, transporting, processing, switching, routing and distributing optical signals on flat modular boards or substrates. The integrated optical devices include micro/nano-scale waveguides, lasers, detectors, switches, sensors, directional couplers, multi-mode interference devices, ring-resonators, photonic crystal devices, plasmonic devices, and quantum devices, made of polymer, silicon and other semiconductor materials. For VLSI photonic integration, photonic crystals and plasmonic structures have been used. Scientific and technological issues concerning the processes of miniaturization, interconnection and integration of these systems as applicable to board-to-board, chip-to-chip, and intra-chip integration, are discussed along with applications for future computers, telecommunications, and sensor-systems. Visions and challenges toward these goals are also discussed.

Hard and flexible optical printed circuit board

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, El-Hang; Lee, Hyun Sik; Lee, S. G.; O, B. H.; Park, S. G.; Kim, K. H.

2007-02-01

We report on the design and fabrication of hard and flexible optical printed circuit boards (O-PCBs). The objective is to realize generic and application-specific O-PCBs, either in hard form or flexible form, that are compact, light-weight, low-energy, high-speed, intelligent, and environmentally friendly, for low-cost and high-volume universal applications. The O-PCBs consist of 2-dimensional planar arrays of micro/nano-scale optical wires, circuits and devices that are interconnected and integrated to perform the functions of sensing, storing, transporting, processing, switching, routing and distributing optical signals on flat modular boards. For fabrication, the polymer and organic optical wires and waveguides are first fabricated on a board and are used to interconnect and integrate micro/nano-scale photonic devices. The micro/nano-optical functional devices include lasers, detectors, switches, sensors, directional couplers, multi-mode interference devices, ring-resonators, photonic crystal devices, plasmonic devices, and quantum devices. For flexible boards, the optical waveguide arrays are fabricated on flexible poly-ethylen terephthalate (PET) substrates by UV embossing. Electrical layer carrying VCSEL and PD array is laminated with the optical layer carrying waveguide arrays. Both hard and flexible electrical lines are replaced with high speed optical interconnection between chips over four waveguide channels up to 10Gbps on each. We discuss uses of hard or flexible O-PCBs for telecommunication systems, computer systems, transportation systems, space/avionic systems, and bio-sensor systems.

Payload operations control center network (POCCNET) systems definition phase study report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Desjardins, R.

1978-01-01

The results of the studies performed during the systems definition phase of POCCNET are presented. The concept of POCCNET as a system of standard POCCs is described and an analysis of system requirements is also included. Alternative systems concepts were evaluated as well as various methods for development of reliable reusable software. A number of POCC application areas, such as command management, on board computer support, and simulation were also studied. Other areas of investigation included the operation of POCCNET systems, the facility requirements and usage.

Calibration of medium-resolution monochrome cathode ray tube displays for the purpose of board examinations.

PubMed

Evanoff, M G; Roehrig, H; Giffords, R S; Capp, M P; Rovinelli, R J; Hartmann, W H; Merritt, C

2001-06-01

This report discusses calibration and set-up procedures for medium-resolution monochrome cathode ray tubes (CRTs) taken in preparation of the oral portion of the board examination of the American Board of Radiology (ABR). The board examinations took place in more than 100 rooms of a hotel. There was one display-station (a computer and the associated CRT display) in each of the hotel rooms used for the examinations. The examinations covered the radiologic specialties cardiopulmonary, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, vascular, pediatric, and genitourinary. The software used for set-up and calibration was the VeriLUM 4.0 package from Image Smiths in Germantown, MD. The set-up included setting minimum luminance and maximum luminance, as well as positioning of the CRT in each examination room with respect to reflections of roomlights. The calibration for the grey scale rendition was done meeting the Digital Imaging and communication in Medicine (DICOM) 14 Standard Display Function. We describe these procedures, and present the calibration data in. tables and graphs, listing initial values of minimum luminance, maximum luminance, and grey scale rendition (DICOM 14 standard display function). Changes of these parameters over the duration of the examination were observed and recorded on 11 monitors in a particular room. These changes strongly suggest that all calibrated CRTs be monitored over the duration of the examination. In addition, other CRT performance data affecting image quality such as spatial resolution should be included in set-up and image quality-control procedures.

Reconfigurable modular computer networks for spacecraft on-board processing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rennels, D. A.

1978-01-01

The core electronics subsystems on unmanned spacecraft, which have been sent over the last 20 years to investigate the moon, Mars, Venus, and Mercury, have progressed through an evolution from simple fixed controllers and analog computers in the 1960's to general-purpose digital computers in current designs. This evolution is now moving in the direction of distributed computer networks. Current Voyager spacecraft already use three on-board computers. One is used to store commands and provide overall spacecraft management. Another is used for instrument control and telemetry collection, and the third computer is used for attitude control and scientific instrument pointing. An examination of the control logic in the instruments shows that, for many, it is cost-effective to replace the sequencing logic with a microcomputer. The Unified Data System architecture considered consists of a set of standard microcomputers connected by several redundant buses. A typical self-checking computer module will contain 23 RAMs, two microprocessors, one memory interface, three bus interfaces, and one core building block.

Computational Thinking in the Wild: Uncovering Complex Collaborative Thinking through Gameplay

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berland, Matthew; Duncan, Sean

2016-01-01

Surprisingly few empirical studies address how computational thinking works "in the wild" or how games and simulations can support developing computational thinking skills. In this article, the authors report results from a study of computational thinking (CT) as evinced through player discussions around the collaborative board game…

12 CFR 225.118 - Computer services for customers of subsidiary banks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Computer services for customers of subsidiary... (REGULATION Y) Regulations Financial Holding Companies Interpretations § 225.118 Computer services for.... (b) The Board understood from the facts presented that the service company owns a computer which it...

12 CFR 225.118 - Computer services for customers of subsidiary banks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Computer services for customers of subsidiary... (REGULATION Y) Regulations Financial Holding Companies Interpretations § 225.118 Computer services for.... (b) The Board understood from the facts presented that the service company owns a computer which it...

Synergistic use of multispectral satellite data for monitoring land surface change

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Choudhury, Bhaskar J.

1991-01-01

Observations by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) onboard the NOAA satellites were used to compute visible and near infrared reflectances and surface temperature, while passive microwave observations at 37 GHz frequency by the Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) on board, respectively, the Nimbus-7 and DMSP-F8 satellites were used to compute polarization difference. These observations were analyzed along transects from rainforest to desert over northern Africa for the period 1979-1987, which included an unprecedented drought during 1984 over the Sahel zone. Model simulations were made to understand the interrelationship among multispectral data.

Teaching Electronics and Laboratory Automation Using Microcontroller Boards

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mabbott, Gary A.

2014-01-01

Modern microcontroller boards offer the analytical chemist a powerful and inexpensive means of interfacing computers and laboratory equipment. The availability of a host of educational materials, compatible sensors, and electromechanical devices make learning to implement microcontrollers fun and empowering. This article describes the advantages…

A design approach for small vision-based autonomous vehicles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Edwards, Barrett B.; Fife, Wade S.; Archibald, James K.; Lee, Dah-Jye; Wilde, Doran K.

2006-10-01

This paper describes the design of a small autonomous vehicle based on the Helios computing platform, a custom FPGA-based board capable of supporting on-board vision. Target applications for the Helios computing platform are those that require lightweight equipment and low power consumption. To demonstrate the capabilities of FPGAs in real-time control of autonomous vehicles, a 16 inch long R/C monster truck was outfitted with a Helios board. The platform provided by such a small vehicle is ideal for testing and development. The proof of concept application for this autonomous vehicle was a timed race through an environment with obstacles. Given the size restrictions of the vehicle and its operating environment, the only feasible on-board sensor is a small CMOS camera. The single video feed is therefore the only source of information from the surrounding environment. The image is then segmented and processed by custom logic in the FPGA that also controls direction and speed of the vehicle based on visual input.

Advanced Atmospheric Water Vapor DIAL Detection System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Refaat, Tamer F.; Elsayed-Ali, Hani E.; DeYoung, Russell J. (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

Measurement of atmospheric water vapor is very important for understanding the Earth's climate and water cycle. The remote sensing Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) technique is a powerful method to perform such measurement from aircraft and space. This thesis describes a new advanced detection system, which incorporates major improvements regarding sensitivity and size. These improvements include a low noise advanced avalanche photodiode detector, a custom analog circuit, a 14-bit digitizer, a microcontroller for on board averaging and finally a fast computer interface. This thesis describes the design and validation of this new water vapor DIAL detection system which was integrated onto a small Printed Circuit Board (PCB) with minimal weight and power consumption. Comparing its measurements to an existing DIAL system for aerosol and water vapor profiling validated the detection system.

GLAS Spacecraft Pointing Study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Born, George H.; Gold, Kenn; Ondrey, Michael; Kubitschek, Dan; Axelrad, Penina; Komjathy, Attila

1998-01-01

Science requirements for the GLAS mission demand that the laser altimeter be pointed to within 50 m of the location of the previous repeat ground track. The satellite will be flown in a repeat orbit of 182 days. Operationally, the required pointing information will be determined on the ground using the nominal ground track, to which pointing is desired, and the current propagated orbit of the satellite as inputs to the roll computation algorithm developed by CCAR. The roll profile will be used to generate a set of fit coefficients which can be uploaded on a daily basis and used by the on-board attitude control system. In addition, an algorithm has been developed for computation of the associated command quaternions which will be necessary when pointing at targets of opportunity. It may be desirable in the future to perform the roll calculation in an autonomous real-time mode on-board the spacecraft. GPS can provide near real-time tracking of the satellite, and the nominal ground track can be stored in the on-board computer. It will be necessary to choose the spacing of this nominal ground track to meet storage requirements in the on-board environment. Several methods for generating the roll profile from a sparse reference ground track are presented.

Proceedings of the Army Aviation Instructors’ Conference

DTIC Science & Technology

1968-01-01

Aviation Test Board is located at Cairns. There are about 220 aircraft based at Cairns, and it is the site of our radar approach control. The Cairns...at Fort Wolters, the student will fly either the TH-55, the OH-13, or the OH-23. The student goes out and practices his approaches , landing, and...computer out operations. Instrument Flight: This includes instrument approaches without ground navigational radio aids, using the self-contained

Usability of Interactive Item Types and Tools Introduced in the New GRE® Revised General Test. ETS GRE® Board Research Report. ETS GRE®-14-05. ETS Research Report. RR-14-28

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swiggett, Wanda D.; Kotloff, Laurie; Ezzo, Chelsea; Adler, Rachel; Oliveri, Maria Elena

2014-01-01

The computer-based "Graduate Record Examinations"® ("GRE"®) revised General Test includes interactive item types and testing environment tools (e.g., test navigation, on-screen calculator, and help). How well do test takers understand these innovations? If test takers do not understand the new item types, these innovations may…

Toxicity of electronic waste leachates to Daphnia magna: screening and toxicity identification evaluation of different products, components, and materials.

PubMed

Lithner, Delilah; Halling, Maja; Dave, Göran

2012-05-01

Electronic waste has become one of the fastest growing waste problems in the world. It contains both toxic metals and toxic organics. The aim of this study was to (1) investigate to what extent toxicants can leach from different electronic products, components, and materials into water and (2) identify which group of toxicants (metals or hydrophobic organics) that is causing toxicity. Components from five discarded electronic products (cell phone, computer, phone modem, keyboard, and computer mouse) were leached in deionised water for 3 days at 23°C in concentrations of 25 g/l for metal components, 50 g/l for mixed-material components, and 100 g/l for plastic components. The water phase was tested for acute toxicity to Daphnia magna. Eighteen of 68 leachates showed toxicity (with immobility of D. magna ≥ 50% after 48 h) and came from metal or mixed-material components. The 8 most toxic leachates, with 48 h EC(50)s ranging from 0.4 to 20 g/l, came from 2 circuit sheets (key board), integrated drive electronics (IDE) cable clips (computer), metal studs (computer), a circuit board (computer mouse), a cord (phone modem), mixed parts (cell phone), and a circuit board (key board). All 5 electronic products were represented among them. Toxicity identification evaluations (with C18 and CM resins filtrations and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid addition) indicated that metals caused the toxicity in the majority of the most toxic leachates. Overall, this study has shown that electronic waste can leach toxic compounds also during short-term leaching with pure water.

High-Speed On-Board Data Processing for Science Instruments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Beyon, Jeffrey Y.; Ng, Tak-Kwong; Lin, Bing; Hu, Yongxiang; Harrison, Wallace

2014-01-01

A new development of on-board data processing platform has been in progress at NASA Langley Research Center since April, 2012, and the overall review of such work is presented in this paper. The project is called High-Speed On-Board Data Processing for Science Instruments (HOPS) and focuses on a high-speed scalable data processing platform for three particular National Research Council's Decadal Survey missions such as Active Sensing of CO2 Emissions over Nights, Days, and Seasons (ASCENDS), Aerosol-Cloud-Ecosystems (ACE), and Doppler Aerosol Wind Lidar (DAWN) 3-D Winds. HOPS utilizes advanced general purpose computing with Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based algorithm implementation techniques. The significance of HOPS is to enable high speed on-board data processing for current and future science missions with its reconfigurable and scalable data processing platform. A single HOPS processing board is expected to provide approximately 66 times faster data processing speed for ASCENDS, more than 70% reduction in both power and weight, and about two orders of cost reduction compared to the state-of-the-art (SOA) on-board data processing system. Such benchmark predictions are based on the data when HOPS was originally proposed in August, 2011. The details of these improvement measures are also presented. The two facets of HOPS development are identifying the most computationally intensive algorithm segments of each mission and implementing them in a FPGA-based data processing board. A general introduction of such facets is also the purpose of this paper.

Development of an ATCA IPMI controller mezzanine board to be used in the ATCA developments for the ATLAS Liquid Argon upgrade

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dumont Dayot, Nicolas

2012-01-01

In the context of the LHC upgrade, we develop a new Read Out Driver (ROD) for the ATLAS Liquid Argon (LAr) community. ATCA and μTCA (Advanced/Micro Telecom Computing Architecture) is becoming a standard in high energy physics and a strong candidate to be used for boards and crates. We work to master ATCA and to integrate a large number of high speed links (96 links at 8.5 Gbps) on a ROD evaluation ATCA board. A versatile ATCA IPMI controller for ATCA boards which is FPGA Mezzanine Card (FMC) compliant has been developed to control the ROD evaluation board.

40 CFR 86.005-17 - On-board diagnostics.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... other available operating parameters), and functionality checks for computer output components (proper... considered acceptable. (e) Storing of computer codes. The OBD system shall record and store in computer... monitors that can be considered continuously operating monitors (e.g., misfire monitor, fuel system monitor...

40 CFR 86.005-17 - On-board diagnostics.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... other available operating parameters), and functionality checks for computer output components (proper... considered acceptable. (e) Storing of computer codes. The OBD system shall record and store in computer... monitors that can be considered continuously operating monitors (e.g., misfire monitor, fuel system monitor...

Controlling front-end electronics boards using commercial solutions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beneyton, R.; Gaspar, C.; Jost, B.; Schmeling, S.

2002-04-01

LHCb is a dedicated B-physics experiment under construction at CERN's large hadron collider (LHC) accelerator. This paper will describe the novel approach LHCb is taking toward controlling and monitoring of electronics boards. Instead of using the bus in a crate to exercise control over the boards, we use credit-card sized personal computers (CCPCs) connected via Ethernet to cheap control PCs. The CCPCs will provide a simple parallel, I2C, and JTAG buses toward the electronics board. Each board will be equipped with a CCPC and, hence, will be completely independently controlled. The advantages of this scheme versus the traditional bus-based scheme will be described. Also, the integration of the controls of the electronics boards into a commercial supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system will be shown.

Interactive water monitoring system accessible by cordless telephone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Volpicelli, Richard; Andeweg, Pierre; Hagar, William G.

1985-12-01

A battery-operated, microcomputer-controlled monitoring device linked with a cordless telephone has been developed for remote measurements. This environmental sensor is self-contained and collects and processes data according to the information sent to its on-board computer system. An RCA model 1805 microprocessor forms the basic controller with a program encoded in memory for data acquisition and analysis. Signals from analog sensing devices used to monitor the environment are converted into digital signals and stored in random access memory of the microcomputer. This remote sensing system is linked to the laboratory by means of a cordless telephone whose base unit is connected to regular telephone lines. This offshore sensing system is simply accessed by a phone call originating from a computer terminal in the laboratory. Data acquisition is initiated upon request: Information continues to be processed and stored until the computer is reprogrammed by another phone call request. Information obtained may be recalled by a phone call after the desired environmental measurements are finished or while they are in progress. Data sampling parameters may be reset at any time, including in the middle of a measurement cycle. The range of the system is limited only by existing telephone grid systems and by the transmission characteristics of the cordless phone used as a communications link. This use of a cordless telephone, coupled with the on-board computer system, may be applied to other field studies requiring data transfer between an on-site analytical system and the laboratory.

Quantum robots plus environments.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Benioff, P.

1998-07-23

A quantum robot is a mobile quantum system, including an on board quantum computer and needed ancillary systems, that interacts with an environment of quantum systems. Quantum robots carry out tasks whose goals include making specified changes in the state of the environment or carrying out measurements on the environment. The environments considered so far, oracles, data bases, and quantum registers, are seen to be special cases of environments considered here. It is also seen that a quantum robot should include a quantum computer and cannot be simply a multistate head. A model of quantum robots and their interactions ismore » discussed in which each task, as a sequence of alternating computation and action phases,is described by a unitary single time step operator T {approx} T{sub a} + T{sub c} (discrete space and time are assumed). The overall system dynamics is described as a sum over paths of completed computation (T{sub c}) and action (T{sub a}) phases. A simple example of a task, measuring the distance between the quantum robot and a particle on a 1D lattice with quantum phase path dispersion present, is analyzed. A decision diagram for the task is presented and analyzed.« less

48 CFR 6302.6 - Computation and extension of time limits (Rule 6).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... of time limits (Rule 6). 6302.6 Section 6302.6 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BOARD OF CONTRACT APPEALS RULES OF PROCEDURE 6302.6 Computation and extension of time limits (Rule 6). (a) Computation. Except as otherwise provided by law, in computing any period of time prescribed...

Comprehensive Computer-Based Instructional Programs: What Works for Educationally Disadvantaged Students?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swan, Karen; And Others

The Computer Pilot Program of the Division of Computer Information Services of the New York City Board of Education was designed to investigate the claim that comprehensive computer-based instruction (CBI) might best be used to improve the basic skills of educationally disadvantaged students. This ongoing project is designed to identify…

75 FR 63524 - Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act of 1988; Report of Matching Program: RRB and State...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-15

... RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act of 1988; Report of Matching... Railroad Retirement Act. SUMMARY: As required by the Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act of [[Page...: Under certain circumstances, the Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act of 1988, Public Law 100...

Design of the Wind Tunnel Model Communication Controller Board. Degree awarded by Christopher Newport Univ. on Dec. 1998

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilson, William C.

1999-01-01

The NASA Langley Research Center's Wind Tunnel Reinvestment project plans to shrink the existing data acquisition electronics to fit inside a wind tunnel model. Space limitations within a model necessitate a distributed system of Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) rather than a centralized system based on PC boards. This thesis will focus on the design of the prototype of the communication Controller board. A portion of the communication Controller board is to be used as the basis of an ASIC design. The communication Controller board will communicate between the internal model modules and the external data acquisition computer. This board is based around an Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), to allow for reconfigurability. In addition to the FPGA, this board contains buffer Random Access Memory (RAM), configuration memory (EEPROM), drivers for the communications ports, and passive components.

Establishing Proficiency Standards for High School Graduation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herron, Marshall D.

The Oregon State Board of Education has rejected the use of cut-off scores on a proficiency test to establish minimum performance standards for high school graduation. Instead, each school district is required to specify--by local board adoption--minimum competencies in reading, writing, listening, speaking, analyzing, and computing. These…

Computerized technique for recording board defect data

Treesearch

R. Bruce Anderson; R. Edward Thomas; Charles J. Gatchell; Neal D. Bennett; Neal D. Bennett

1993-01-01

A computerized technique for recording board defect data has been developed that is faster and more accurate than manual techniques. The lumber database generated by this technique is a necessary input to computer simulation models that estimate potential cutting yields from various lumber breakdown sequences. The technique allows collection of detailed information...

12 CFR 917.9 - Dividends.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Dividends. 917.9 Section 917.9 Banks and Banking FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE BOARD GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF THE FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANKS POWERS AND... chapter. Dividends on such capital stock shall be computed without preference. (b) A Bank's board of...

Asynchronous Discussion Board Facilitation and Rubric Use in a Blended Learning Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Giacumo, Lisa

2012-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of instructor response prompts and rubrics on students' performance in an asynchronous discussion-board assignment, their learning achievement on an objective-type posttest, and their reported satisfaction levels. Researchers who have studied asynchronous computer-mediated student…

The Computer Bulletin Board.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Batt, Russell H., Ed.

1989-01-01

Discussed are some uses of computers in chemistry classrooms. Described are: (1) interactive chromatographic analysis software; (2) computer interface for a digital frequency-period-counter-ratio meter and analog interface based on a voltage-to-frequency converter; and (3) use of spectrometer/microcomputer arrangement for teaching atomic theory.…

Research in Wireless Networks and Communications

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-05-01

TESTBED SETUP AND INITIAL MULTI-HOP EXPERIENCE As a proof of concept, we assembled a testbed platform of nodes based on 400MHz AMD Geode single-board...experi- ments on a testbed network consisting of 400MHz AMD Geode single-board computers made by Thecus Inc. We equipped each of these nodes with two...ground nodes were placed on a line, with about 3 feet of separation between adjacent nodes. The nodes were powered by 400MHz AMD Geode single-board

75 FR 13258 - Announcing a Meeting of the Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-19

.../index.html/ . Agenda: --Cloud Computing Implementations --Health IT --OpenID --Pending Cyber Security... will be available for the public and media. --OpenID --Cloud Computing Implementations --Security...

Compute Element and Interface Box for the Hazard Detection System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Villalpando, Carlos Y.; Khanoyan, Garen; Stern, Ryan A.; Some, Raphael R.; Bailey, Erik S.; Carson, John M.; Vaughan, Geoffrey M.; Werner, Robert A.; Salomon, Phil M.; Martin, Keith E.;

WDM package enabling high-bandwidth optical intrasystem interconnects for high-performance computer systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schrage, J.; Soenmez, Y.; Happel, T.; Gubler, U.; Lukowicz, P.; Mrozynski, G.

2006-02-01

From long haul, metro access and intersystem links the trend goes to applying optical interconnection technology at increasingly shorter distances. Intrasystem interconnects such as data busses between microprocessors and memory blocks are still based on copper interconnects today. This causes a bottleneck in computer systems since the achievable bandwidth of electrical interconnects is limited through the underlying physical properties. Approaches to solve this problem by embedding optical multimode polymer waveguides into the board (electro-optical circuit board technology, EOCB) have been reported earlier. The principle feasibility of optical interconnection technology in chip-to-chip applications has been validated in a number of projects. For reasons of cost considerations waveguides with large cross sections are used in order to relax alignment requirements and to allow automatic placement and assembly without any active alignment of components necessary. On the other hand the bandwidth of these highly multimodal waveguides is restricted due to mode dispersion. The advance of WDM technology towards intrasystem applications will provide sufficiently high bandwidth which is required for future high-performance computer systems: Assuming that, for example, 8 wavelength-channels with 12Gbps (SDR1) each are given, then optical on-board interconnects with data rates a magnitude higher than the data rates of electrical interconnects for distances typically found at today's computer boards and backplanes can be realized. The data rate will be twice as much, if DDR2 technology is considered towards the optical signals as well. In this paper we discuss an approach for a hybrid integrated optoelectronic WDM package which might enable the application of WDM technology to EOCB.

Echo-Planar Imaging-Based, J-Resolved Spectroscopic Imaging for Improved Metabolite Detection in Prostate Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-10-01

cancer is through imaging techniques including ultrasound , computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with or without the help...performed at least 8 weeks after transrectal ultrasound -guided sextant biopsy. The entire protocol was ap- proved by the Institutional Review Board...volume of interest (VOI) was localized using three slice-selective radiofrequency (RF) pulses (90°–180°–180°) (Fig. 1). The total time for the

LANDSAT-D flight segment operations manual, volume 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Varhola, J.

1982-01-01

Hardware, systems, and subsystems for the multimission modular spacecraft used for LANDSAT 4 are described and depicted in block diagrams and schematics. Components discussed include the modular attitude control system; the communication and data handling subsystem; the narrowband tape recorder; the on-board computer; the propulsion module subsystem; the signal conditioning and control unit; the modular power subsystem; the solar array drive and power transmission assembly; the power distribution unit; the digital processing unit; and the wideband communication subsystem.

UWGSP7: a real-time optical imaging workstation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bush, John E.; Kim, Yongmin; Pennington, Stan D.; Alleman, Andrew P.

1995-04-01

With the development of UWGSP7, the University of Washington Image Computing Systems Laboratory has a real-time workstation for continuous-wave (cw) optical reflectance imaging. Recent discoveries in optical science and imaging research have suggested potential practical use of the technology as a medical imaging modality and identified the need for a machine to support these applications in real time. The UWGSP7 system was developed to provide researchers with a high-performance, versatile tool for use in optical imaging experiments with the eventual goal of bringing the technology into clinical use. One of several major applications of cw optical reflectance imaging is tumor imaging which uses a light-absorbing dye that preferentially sequesters in tumor tissue. This property could be used to locate tumors and to identify tumor margins intraoperatively. Cw optical reflectance imaging consists of illumination of a target with a band-limited light source and monitoring the light transmitted by or reflected from the target. While continuously illuminating the target, a control image is acquired and stored. A dye is injected into a subject and a sequence of data images are acquired and processed. The data images are aligned with the control image and then subtracted to obtain a signal representing the change in optical reflectance over time. This signal can be enhanced by digital image processing and displayed in pseudo-color. This type of emerging imaging technique requires a computer system that is versatile and adaptable. The UWGSP7 utilizes a VESA local bus PC as a host computer running the Windows NT operating system and includes ICSL developed add-on boards for image acquisition and processing. The image acquisition board is used to digitize and format the analog signal from the input device into digital frames and to the average frames into images. To accommodate different input devices, the camera interface circuitry is designed in a small mezzanine board that supports the RS-170 standard. The image acquisition board is connected to the image- processing board using a direct connect port which provides a 66 Mbytes/s channel independent of the system bus. The image processing board utilizes the Texas Instruments TMS320C80 Multimedia Video Processor chip. This chip is capable of 2 billion operations per second providing the UWGSP7 with the capability to perform real-time image processing functions like median filtering, convolution and contrast enhancement. This processing power allows interactive analysis of the experiments as compared to current practice of off-line processing and analysis. Due to its flexibility and programmability, the UWGSP7 can be adapted into various research needs in intraoperative optical imaging.

Intelligent On-Board Processing in the Sensor Web

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tanner, S.

2005-12-01

Most existing sensing systems are designed as passive, independent observers. They are rarely aware of the phenomena they observe, and are even less likely to be aware of what other sensors are observing within the same environment. Increasingly, intelligent processing of sensor data is taking place in real-time, using computing resources on-board the sensor or the platform itself. One can imagine a sensor network consisting of intelligent and autonomous space-borne, airborne, and ground-based sensors. These sensors will act independently of one another, yet each will be capable of both publishing and receiving sensor information, observations, and alerts among other sensors in the network. Furthermore, these sensors will be capable of acting upon this information, perhaps altering acquisition properties of their instruments, changing the location of their platform, or updating processing strategies for their own observations to provide responsive information or additional alerts. Such autonomous and intelligent sensor networking capabilities provide significant benefits for collections of heterogeneous sensors within any environment. They are crucial for multi-sensor observations and surveillance, where real-time communication with external components and users may be inhibited, and the environment may be hostile. In all environments, mission automation and communication capabilities among disparate sensors will enable quicker response to interesting, rare, or unexpected events. Additionally, an intelligent network of heterogeneous sensors provides the advantage that all of the sensors can benefit from the unique capabilities of each sensor in the network. The University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH) is developing a unique approach to data processing, integration and mining through the use of the Adaptive On-Board Data Processing (AODP) framework. AODP is a key foundation technology for autonomous internetworking capabilities to support situational awareness by sensors and their on-board processes. The two primary research areas for this project are (1) the on-board processing and communications framework itself, and (2) data mining algorithms targeted to the needs and constraints of the on-board environment. The team is leveraging its experience in on-board processing, data mining, custom data processing, and sensor network design. Several unique UAH-developed technologies are employed in the AODP project, including EVE, an EnVironmEnt for on-board processing, and the data mining tools included in the Algorithm Development and Mining (ADaM) toolkit.

5 CFR 839.1003 - How will OPM compute the amount of lost earnings?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false How will OPM compute the amount of lost... § 839.1003 How will OPM compute the amount of lost earnings? (a) Lost earnings will generally be computed in accordance with the Board's lost earnings regulations (5 CFR 1606 of chapter VI). However, the...

78 FR 71591 - Privacy Act of 1974; Computer Matching Program between the U.S. Department of Education (ED) and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-29

... DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Privacy Act of 1974; Computer Matching Program between the U.S. Department.... ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: Notice is hereby given of the renewal of the computer matching program between... (VA) (source agency). After the ED and VA Data Integrity Boards approve a new computer matching...

78 FR 29786 - Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act of 1988; Report of Matching Program: RRB and State...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-21

... RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act of 1988; Report of Matching...: Notice of a renewal of an existing computer matching program due to expire on May 24, 2013. SUMMARY: As... of its intent to renew an ongoing computer matching program. In this match, we provide certain...

77 FR 39748 - Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act of 1988; Report of Matching Program: RRB and State...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-05

... RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act of 1988; Report of Matching.... General The Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act of 1988 (Pub. L. 100-503), amended the Privacy... of an existing computer matching program due to expire on August 12, 2012. SUMMARY: The Privacy Act...

How Interactive Is the Interactive Whiteboard?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Quashie, Valerie

2009-01-01

An interactive whiteboard (IWB) is simply a surface onto which a computer screen can be displayed, via a projector. It is touch-sensitive and lets one use a pen like a mouse, controlling the computer from the board itself. Everything that can be displayed on a computer can be displayed onto the whiteboard and, if the computer is linked to speakers…

A Hypertext-Based Computer Architecture for Management of the Joint Command, Control and Communications Curriculum

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-06-01

Boards) Security, Privacy, and Freedom of Speech Issues 4.1.2 Understand the relationships between information processing and collection and...to-many (Mailing and discussion Lists) ... Many-to-Many (Bulletin Boards) Security, Privacy, and Freedom of Speech Issues 69 4.1.3 Understand the...Communication one-to-one (e-mail) °o° one-to-many (Mailing and discussion Lists) ... Many-to-Many (Bulletin Boards) oo Security, Privacy, and Freedom of Speech Issues

Within-grade quality differences for 1 and 2A common lumber affect processsing and yields when gang-ripping red oak lumber

Treesearch

Charles J. Gatchell; R. Edward Thomas; R. Edward Thomas

1997-01-01

Using a new computer grading program (UGRS), 1 and 2A Common lumber was sorted based on the percentage of board surface measure found in the maximum allowable number of grading cuttings. For 1 Common, 46.0 percent of 921 boards had percentages in the FAS range (83-1/3% and above). For 2A Common, 54.7 percent of 825 boards had percentages in the 1 Common range. When...

FPGA and USB based control board for quantum random number generator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Jian; Wan, Xu; Zhang, Hong-Fei; Gao, Yuan; Chen, Teng-Yun; Liang, Hao

2009-09-01

The design and implementation of FPGA-and-USB-based control board for quantum experiments are discussed. The usage of quantum true random number generator, control- logic in FPGA and communication with computer through USB protocol are proposed in this paper. Programmable controlled signal input and output ports are implemented. The error-detections of data frame header and frame length are designed. This board has been used in our decoy-state based quantum key distribution (QKD) system successfully.

SpaceWire- Based Control System Architecture for the Lightweight Advanced Robotic Arm Demonstrator [LARAD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rucinski, Marek; Coates, Adam; Montano, Giuseppe; Allouis, Elie; Jameux, David

2015-09-01

The Lightweight Advanced Robotic Arm Demonstrator (LARAD) is a state-of-the-art, two-meter long robotic arm for planetary surface exploration currently being developed by a UK consortium led by Airbus Defence and Space Ltd under contract to the UK Space Agency (CREST-2 programme). LARAD has a modular design, which allows for experimentation with different electronics and control software. The control system architecture includes the on-board computer, control software and firmware, and the communication infrastructure (e.g. data links, switches) connecting on-board computer(s), sensors, actuators and the end-effector. The purpose of the control system is to operate the arm according to pre-defined performance requirements, monitoring its behaviour in real-time and performing safing/recovery actions in case of faults. This paper reports on the results of a recent study about the feasibility of the development and integration of a novel control system architecture for LARAD fully based on the SpaceWire protocol. The current control system architecture is based on the combination of two communication protocols, Ethernet and CAN. The new SpaceWire-based control system will allow for improved monitoring and telecommanding performance thanks to higher communication data rate, allowing for the adoption of advanced control schemes, potentially based on multiple vision sensors, and for the handling of sophisticated end-effectors that require fine control, such as science payloads or robotic hands.

Common Readout Unit (CRU) - A new readout architecture for the ALICE experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mitra, J.; Khan, S. A.; Mukherjee, S.; Paul, R.

2016-03-01

The ALICE experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is presently going for a major upgrade in order to fully exploit the scientific potential of the upcoming high luminosity run, scheduled to start in the year 2021. The high interaction rate and the large event size will result in an experimental data flow of about 1 TB/s from the detectors, which need to be processed before sending to the online computing system and data storage. This processing is done in a dedicated Common Readout Unit (CRU), proposed for data aggregation, trigger and timing distribution and control moderation. It act as common interface between sub-detector electronic systems, computing system and trigger processors. The interface links include GBT, TTC-PON and PCIe. GBT (Gigabit transceiver) is used for detector data payload transmission and fixed latency path for trigger distribution between CRU and detector readout electronics. TTC-PON (Timing, Trigger and Control via Passive Optical Network) is employed for time multiplex trigger distribution between CRU and Central Trigger Processor (CTP). PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) is the high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard for bulk data transport between CRU boards and processors. In this article, we give an overview of CRU architecture in ALICE, discuss the different interfaces, along with the firmware design and implementation of CRU on the LHCb PCIe40 board.

Lead phytoextraction from printed circuit computer boards by Lolium perenne L. and Medicago sativa L.

PubMed

Díaz Martínez, María Esther; Argumedo-Delira, Rosalba; Sánchez Viveros, Gabriela; Alarcón, Alejandro; Trejo-Téllez, Libia Iris

2018-04-16

This work assessed the ability of Lolium perenne and Medicago sativa for extracting lead (Pb) from particulate printed circuit computer boards (PCB) mixed in sand with the following concentrations: 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g of PCB, and including a control treatment without PCB. The PCB were obtained from computers, and grinded in two particle sizes: 0.0594 mm (PCB1) and 0.0706 mm (PCB2). The PCB particle sizes at their corresponding concentrations were applied to L. perenne and M. sativa by using three experimental assays. In assay II, PCB2 affected the biomass production for both plants. For assay III, the PCB1 increased the biomass of M. sativa (236.5%) and L. perenne (142.2%) when applying either 0.5 or 1.0 g, respectively. In regards to phytoextraction, assay I showed the highest Pb-extraction by roots of L. perenne (4.7%) when exposed to 1.5 g of PCB1. At assay I, L. perenne showed a Pb-bioconcentration factor higher than 1.0 when growing at 0.5 g of PCB1, and when HNO 3 was used as digestion solution; moreover, in assay III both plants showed a Pb-translocation factor higher than 1.0. Therefore, Lolium perenne and Medicago sativa are able to recover Pb from electronic wastes (PCB).

Programmable data communications controller requirements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1977-01-01

The design requirements for a Programmable Data Communications Controller (PDCC) that reduces the difficulties in attaching data terminal equipment to a computer are presented. The PDCC is an interface between the computer I/O channel and the bit serial communication lines. Each communication line is supported by a communication port that handles all line control functions and performs most terminal control functions. The port is fabricated on a printed circuit board that plugs into a card chassis, mating with a connector that is joined to all other card stations by a data bus. Ports are individually programmable; each includes a microprocessor, a programmable read-only memory for instruction storage, and a random access memory for data storage.

How Evanston, Illinois Integrated all of its Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coffin, Gregory C.

Discussed are the methods used by Evanston's Board of Education to desegregate the entire school system. In 1964 the Board resolved to eliminate defacto segregation and a citizen's commission was appointed to develop a plan. Aided by computer experts, a redistribution of students was worked out which used the schools more efficiently while…

77 FR 25479 - Notification of a Public Meeting of the Science Advisory Board (SAB); Exposure and Human Health...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-30

... biology, chemistry and innovative computer science to more effectively and efficiently rank chemicals... ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY [FRL-9667-1] Notification of a Public Meeting of the Science...). ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The EPA Science Advisory Board (SAB) Staff Office announces a public meeting of...

Impact of board-marker accuracy on lumber yield

Treesearch

Urs Buehlmann; R. Edward Thomas

2003-01-01

The production of wooden furniture parts, mouldings, and flooring requires the removal of unacceptable character marks (also called "defects") such as holes, rot, knots, etc., from boards. The majority of the wood processing industry manually identifies such unusable areas and marks them with fluorescent crayons. Automated saws scan these marks and computers...

48 CFR Appendix A to Chapter 2 - Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... EXTENSIONS Rule 33Time, Computation and Extensions EX PARTE COMMUNICATIONS Rule 34Ex parte Communications..., taking into account such factors as the size and complexity of the claim, the contractor may file a... exhibits, post-hearing briefs, and documents which the Board has specifically designated to be made a part...

48 CFR Appendix A to Chapter 2 - Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... EXTENSIONS Rule 33Time, Computation and Extensions EX PARTE COMMUNICATIONS Rule 34Ex parte Communications..., taking into account such factors as the size and complexity of the claim, the contractor may file a... exhibits, post-hearing briefs, and documents which the Board has specifically designated to be made a part...

48 CFR Appendix A to Chapter 2 - Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... EXTENSIONS Rule 33Time, Computation and Extensions EX PARTE COMMUNICATIONS Rule 34Ex parte Communications..., taking into account such factors as the size and complexity of the claim, the contractor may file a... exhibits, post-hearing briefs, and documents which the Board has specifically designated to be made a part...

75 FR 17207 - Electronic On-Board Recorders for Hours-of-Service Compliance

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-05

... to data limitation, FMCSA used outdated studies in the analysis for this rule. For future HOS rulemakings, FMCSA will use updated studies and reports to analyze impacts. \\1\\ Estimates of benefits and... percent of the long-distance drivers in 2005 said there were EOBRs or other on-board computers in their...

Videogrammetric Model Deformation Measurement Technique

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Burner, A. W.; Liu, Tian-Shu

2001-01-01

The theory, methods, and applications of the videogrammetric model deformation (VMD) measurement technique used at NASA for wind tunnel testing are presented. The VMD technique, based on non-topographic photogrammetry, can determine static and dynamic aeroelastic deformation and attitude of a wind-tunnel model. Hardware of the system includes a video-rate CCD camera, a computer with an image acquisition frame grabber board, illumination lights, and retroreflective or painted targets on a wind tunnel model. Custom software includes routines for image acquisition, target-tracking/identification, target centroid calculation, camera calibration, and deformation calculations. Applications of the VMD technique at five large NASA wind tunnels are discussed.

Programmable Pulse-Position-Modulation Encoder

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zhu, David; Farr, William

2006-01-01

A programmable pulse-position-modulation (PPM) encoder has been designed for use in testing an optical communication link. The encoder includes a programmable state machine and an electronic code book that can be updated to accommodate different PPM coding schemes. The encoder includes a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) that is programmed to step through the stored state machine and code book and that drives a custom high-speed serializer circuit board that is capable of generating subnanosecond pulses. The stored state machine and code book can be updated by means of a simple text interface through the serial port of a personal computer.

Fast gradient-based algorithm on extended landscapes for wave-front reconstruction of Earth observation satellite

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Thiebaut, C.; Perraud, L.; Delvit, J. M.; Latry, C.

2016-07-01

We present an on-board satellite implementation of a gradient-based (optical flows) algorithm for the shifts estimation between images of a Shack-Hartmann wave-front sensor on extended landscapes. The proposed algorithm has low complexity in comparison with classical correlation methods which is a big advantage for being used on-board a satellite at high instrument data rate and in real-time. The electronic board used for this implementation is designed for space applications and is composed of radiation-hardened software and hardware. Processing times of both shift estimations and pre-processing steps are compatible of on-board real-time computation.

Design and implementation of a control system for a quadrotor MAV

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bawek, Dean

The quadrotor is a 200 g MAV with rapid-prototyped rotors that are driven by four brushless electric motors, capable of a collective thrust of around 400 g using an 11 V battery. The vehicle is compact with its largest dimension at 188 mm. Without any feedback control, the quadrotor is unstable. For flight stability, the vehicle incorporates a linear quadratic regulator to augment its dynamics for hover. The quadrotor's nonlinear dynamics are linearized about hover in order to be used in controller formulation. Feedback comes both directly from sensors and a Luenberger observer that computes the rotor velocities. A Simulink simulation uses hardware and software properties to serve as an environment for controller gain tuning prior to flight testing. The results from the simulation generate stabilizing control gains for the on-board attitude controller and for an off-board PC autopilot that uses the Vicon computer vision system for position feedback. Through the combined effort of the on-board and off-board controllers, the quadrotor successfully demonstrates stable hover in both nominal and disturbed conditions.

12 CFR 227.25 - Unfair balance computation method.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Unfair balance computation method. 227.25 Section 227.25 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL... Practices Rule § 227.25 Unfair balance computation method. (a) General rule. Except as provided in paragraph...

A Computer Application for Severely Handicapped Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huenergard, Cliff; Albertson, Greg

A severely physically disabled (quadriplegic) third grade student with high average intellectual abilities was fitted with a computer system adapted for maximum student independence. A scanner, the face of which is an integrated circuit board, was constructed to allow accessibility to the computer by a single switch operated by the student's…

Computers and Young Children. Storyboard Software: Flannel Boards in the Computer Age.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shade, Daniel D.

1995-01-01

Describes storyboard software as computer programs with which children can build a story using visuals. Notes the importance of such programs from preliterate or nonreading children. Describes a new storyboard program, "Wiggins in Storyland," and its features. Lists recommended storyboard software programs, with publishers and compatible…

SED/Apple Computer, Inc., Partnership Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stoll, Peter F.

1991-01-01

In 1990, the New York State Education Department (SED), Apple Computer, Inc., Boards of Cooperative Educational Services (BOCES), and school districts formed a partnership to explore the contribution technology can make to schools based on Apple Computer's Learning Society and SED's Long-Range Plan for Technology in Elementary and Secondary…

The IBM PC as an Online Search Machine--Part 2: Physiology for Searchers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kolner, Stuart J.

1985-01-01

Enumerates "hardware problems" associated with use of the IBM personal computer as an online search machine: purchase of machinery, unpacking of parts, and assembly into a properly functioning computer. Components that allow transformations of computer into a search machine (combination boards, printer, modem) and diagnostics software…

WE-AB-303-09: Rapid Projection Computations for On-Board Digital Tomosynthesis in Radiation Therapy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Iliopoulos, AS; Sun, X; Pitsianis, N

2015-06-15

Purpose: To facilitate fast and accurate iterative volumetric image reconstruction from limited-angle on-board projections. Methods: Intrafraction motion hinders the clinical applicability of modern radiotherapy techniques, such as lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). The LIVE system may impact clinical practice by recovering volumetric information via Digital Tomosynthesis (DTS), thus entailing low time and radiation dose for image acquisition during treatment. The DTS is estimated as a deformation of prior CT via iterative registration with on-board images; this shifts the challenge to the computational domain, owing largely to repeated projection computations across iterations. We address this issue by composing efficient digitalmore » projection operators from their constituent parts. This allows us to separate the static (projection geometry) and dynamic (volume/image data) parts of projection operations by means of pre-computations, enabling fast on-board processing, while also relaxing constraints on underlying numerical models (e.g. regridding interpolation kernels). Further decoupling the projectors into simpler ones ensures the incurred memory overhead remains low, within the capacity of a single GPU. These operators depend only on the treatment plan and may be reused across iterations and patients. The dynamic processing load is kept to a minimum and maps well to the GPU computational model. Results: We have integrated efficient, pre-computable modules for volumetric ray-casting and FDK-based back-projection with the LIVE processing pipeline. Our results show a 60x acceleration of the DTS computations, compared to the previous version, using a single GPU; presently, reconstruction is attained within a couple of minutes. The present implementation allows for significant flexibility in terms of the numerical and operational projection model; we are investigating the benefit of further optimizations and accurate digital projection sub-kernels. Conclusion: Composable projection operators constitute a versatile research tool which can greatly accelerate iterative registration algorithms and may be conducive to the clinical applicability of LIVE. National Institutes of Health Grant No. R01-CA184173; GPU donation by NVIDIA Corporation.« less

Learning to Love Your Computer: A Fourth Grade Study in the Use of Computers and Their Economic Impact on the World Today.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McKeever, Barbara

An award-winning fourth-grade unit combines computer and economics education by examining the impact of computer usage on various segments of the economy. Students spent one semester becoming familiar with a classroom computer and gaining a general understanding of basic economic concepts through class discussion, field trips, and bulletin boards.…

Soft Real-Time PID Control on a VME Computer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Karayan, Vahag; Sander, Stanley; Cageao, Richard

2007-01-01

microPID (uPID) is a computer program for real-time proportional + integral + derivative (PID) control of a translation stage in a Fourier-transform ultraviolet spectrometer. microPID implements a PID control loop over a position profile at sampling rate of 8 kHz (sampling period 125microseconds). The software runs in a strippeddown Linux operating system on a VersaModule Eurocard (VME) computer operating in real-time priority queue using an embedded controller, a 16-bit digital-to-analog converter (D/A) board, and a laser-positioning board (LPB). microPID consists of three main parts: (1) VME device-driver routines, (2) software that administers a custom protocol for serial communication with a control computer, and (3) a loop section that obtains the current position from an LPB-driver routine, calculates the ideal position from the profile, and calculates a new voltage command by use of an embedded PID routine all within each sampling period. The voltage command is sent to the D/A board to control the stage. microPID uses special kernel headers to obtain microsecond timing resolution. Inasmuch as microPID implements a single-threaded process and all other processes are disabled, the Linux operating system acts as a soft real-time system.

Use of Computer Imaging in Rhinoplasty: A Survey of the Practices of Facial Plastic Surgeons.

PubMed

Singh, Prabhjyot; Pearlman, Steven

2017-08-01

The objective of this study was to quantify the use of computer imaging by facial plastic surgeons. AAFPRS Facial plastic surgeons were surveyed about their use of computer imaging during rhinoplasty consultations. The survey collected information about surgeon demographics, practice settings, practice patterns, and rates of computer imaging (CI) for primary and revision rhinoplasty. For those surgeons who used CI, additional information was also collected, which included who performed the imaging and whether the patient was given the morphed images after the consultation. A total of 238 out of 1200 (19.8%) facial plastic surgeons responded to the survey. Out of those who responded, 195 surgeons (83%) were board certified by the American Board of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons (ABFPRS). The majority of respondents (150 surgeons, 63%) used CI during rhinoplasty consultation. Of the surgeons who use CI, 92% performed the image morphing themselves. Approximately two-thirds of surgeons who use CI gave their patient a printout of the morphed images after the consultation. Computer imaging (CI) is a frequently utilized tool for facial plastic surgeons during cosmetic consultations with patients. Based on these results of this study, it can be suggested that the majority of facial plastic surgeons who use CI do so for both primary and revision rhinoplasty. As more sophisticated systems become available, it is possible that utilization of CI modalities will increase. This provides the surgeon with further tools to use at his or her disposal during discussion of aesthetic surgery. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

The Illinois Century Network: New Dimensions for Education in Illinois. A Vision for Communications and Computing Networking To Retain and Expand Illinois' Position as a World Leader by the Turn of the Century. Report and First-Phase Recommendations of the Higher Education Technology Task Force to the Illinois Board of Higher Education and the Illinois Community College Board.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Illinois State Board of Higher Education, Springfield.

This proposal calls on the state of Illinois to initiate a statewide computing and telecommunications network that would give its residents access to higher education, advanced training, and electronic information resources. The proposed network, entitled Illinois Century Network, would link all higher education institutions in the state to…

Hypercluster - Parallel processing for computational mechanics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Blech, Richard A.

1988-01-01

An account is given of the development status, performance capabilities and implications for further development of NASA-Lewis' testbed 'hypercluster' parallel computer network, in which multiple processors communicate through a shared memory. Processors have local as well as shared memory; the hypercluster is expanded in the same manner as the hypercube, with processor clusters replacing the normal single processor node. The NASA-Lewis machine has three nodes with a vector personality and one node with a scalar personality. Each of the vector nodes uses four board-level vector processors, while the scalar node uses four general-purpose microcomputer boards.

Special purpose computer system with highly parallel pipelines for flow visualization using holography technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Masuda, Nobuyuki; Sugie, Takashige; Ito, Tomoyoshi; Tanaka, Shinjiro; Hamada, Yu; Satake, Shin-ichi; Kunugi, Tomoaki; Sato, Kazuho

2010-12-01

We have designed a PC cluster system with special purpose computer boards for visualization of fluid flow using digital holographic particle tracking velocimetry (DHPTV). In this board, there is a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) chip in which is installed a pipeline for calculating the intensity of an object from a hologram by fast Fourier transform (FFT). This cluster system can create 1024 reconstructed images from a 1024×1024-grid hologram in 0.77 s. It is expected that this system will contribute to the analysis of fluid flow using DHPTV.

Computations of Viking Lander Capsule Hypersonic Aerodynamics with Comparisons to Ground and Flight Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Edquist, Karl T.

2006-01-01

Comparisons are made between the LAURA Navier-Stokes code and Viking Lander Capsule hypersonic aerodynamics data from ground and flight measurements. Wind tunnel data are available for a 3.48 percent scale model at Mach 6 and a 2.75 percent scale model at Mach 10.35, both under perfect gas air conditions. Viking Lander 1 aerodynamics flight data also exist from on-board instrumentation for velocities between 2900 and 4400 m/sec (Mach 14 to 23.3). LAURA flowfield solutions are obtained for the geometry as tested or flown, including sting effects at tunnel conditions and finite-rate chemistry effects in flight. Using the flight vehicle center-of-gravity location (trim angle approx. equals -11.1 deg), the computed trim angle at tunnel conditions is within 0.31 degrees of the angle derived from Mach 6 data and 0.13 degrees from the Mach 10.35 trim angle. LAURA Mach 6 trim lift and drag force coefficients are within 2 percent of measured data, and computed trim lift-to-drag ratio is within 4 percent of the data. Computed trim lift and drag force coefficients at Mach 10.35 are within 5 percent and 3 percent, respectively, of wind tunnel data. Computed trim lift-to-drag ratio is within 2 percent of the Mach 10.35 data. Using the nominal density profile and center-of-gravity location, LAURA trim angle at flight conditions is within 0.5 degrees of the total angle measured from on-board instrumentation. LAURA trim lift and drag force coefficients at flight conditions are within 7 and 5 percent, respectively, of the flight data. Computed trim lift-to-drag ratio is within 4 percent of the data. Computed aerodynamics sensitivities to center-of-gravity location, atmospheric density, and grid refinement are generally small. The results will enable a better estimate of aerodynamics uncertainties for future Mars entry vehicles where non-zero angle-of-attack is required.

Time and Space Partition Platform for Safe and Secure Flight Software

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Esquinas, Angel; Zamorano, Juan; de la Puente, Juan A.; Masmano, Miguel; Crespo, Alfons

2012-08-01

There are a number of research and development activities that are exploring Time and Space Partition (TSP) to implement safe and secure flight software. This approach allows to execute different real-time applications with different levels of criticality in the same computer board. In order to do that, flight applications must be isolated from each other in the temporal and spatial domains. This paper presents the first results of a partitioning platform based on the Open Ravenscar Kernel (ORK+) and the XtratuM hypervisor. ORK+ is a small, reliable realtime kernel supporting the Ada Ravenscar Computational model that is central to the ASSERT development process. XtratuM supports multiple virtual machines, i.e. partitions, on a single computer and is being used in the Integrated Modular Avionics for Space study. ORK+ executes in an XtratuM partition enabling Ada applications to share the computer board with other applications.

Ethics Regulation in Social Computing Research: Examining the Role of Institutional Review Boards.

PubMed

Vitak, Jessica; Proferes, Nicholas; Shilton, Katie; Ashktorab, Zahra

2017-12-01

The parallel rise of pervasive data collection platforms and computational methods for collecting, analyzing, and drawing inferences from large quantities of user data has advanced social computing research, investigating digital traces to understand mediated behaviors of individuals, groups, and societies. At the same time, methods employed to access these data have raised questions about ethical research practices. This article provides insights into U.S. institutional review boards' (IRBs) attitudes and practices regulating social computing research. Through descriptive and inferential analysis of survey data from staff at 59 IRBs at research universities, we examine how IRBs evaluate the growing variety of studies using pervasive digital data. Findings unpack the difficulties IRB staff face evaluating increasingly technical research proposals while highlighting the belief in their ability to surmount these difficulties. They also indicate a lack of consensus among IRB staff about what should be reviewed and a willingness to work closely with researchers.

Arduino: a low-cost multipurpose lab equipment.

PubMed

D'Ausilio, Alessandro

2012-06-01

Typical experiments in psychological and neurophysiological settings often require the accurate control of multiple input and output signals. These signals are often generated or recorded via computer software and/or external dedicated hardware. Dedicated hardware is usually very expensive and requires additional software to control its behavior. In the present article, I present some accuracy tests on a low-cost and open-source I/O board (Arduino family) that may be useful in many lab environments. One of the strengths of Arduinos is the possibility they afford to load the experimental script on the board's memory and let it run without interfacing with computers or external software, thus granting complete independence, portability, and accuracy. Furthermore, a large community has arisen around the Arduino idea and offers many hardware add-ons and hundreds of free scripts for different projects. Accuracy tests show that Arduino boards may be an inexpensive tool for many psychological and neurophysiological labs.

A multimodal interface device for online board games designed for sight-impaired people.

PubMed

Caporusso, Nicholas; Mkrtchyan, Lusine; Badia, Leonardo

2010-03-01

Online games between remote opponents playing over computer networks are becoming a common activity of everyday life. However, computer interfaces for board games are usually based on the visual channel. For example, they require players to check their moves on a video display and interact by using pointing devices such as a mouse. Hence, they are not suitable for visually impaired people. The present paper discusses a multipurpose system that allows especially blind and deafblind people playing chess or other board games over a network, therefore reducing their disability barrier. We describe and benchmark a prototype of a special interactive haptic device for online gaming providing a dual tactile feedback. The novel interface of this proposed device is able to guarantee not only a better game experience for everyone but also an improved quality of life for sight-impaired people.

The programming language HAL: A specification

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1971-01-01

HAL accomplishes three significant objectives: (1) increased readability, through the use of a natural two-dimensional mathematical format; (2) increased reliability, by providing for selective recognition of common data and subroutines, and by incorporating specific data-protect features; (3) real-time control facility, by including a comprehensive set of real-time control commands and signal conditions. Although HAL is designed primarily for programming on-board computers, it is general enough to meet nearly all the needs in the production, verification and support of aerospace, and other real-time applications.

HAL/S - The programming language for Shuttle

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Martin, F. H.

1974-01-01

HAL/S is a higher order language and system, now operational, adopted by NASA for programming Space Shuttle on-board software. Program reliability is enhanced through language clarity and readability, modularity through program structure, and protection of code and data. Salient features of HAL/S include output orientation, automatic checking (with strictly enforced compiler rules), the availability of linear algebra, real-time control, a statement-level simulator, and compiler transferability (for applying HAL/S to additional object and host computers). The compiler is described briefly.

NASA STI Program Coordinating Council Eleventh Meeting: NASA STI Modernization Plan

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1993-01-01

The theme of this NASA Scientific and Technical Information Program Coordinating Council Meeting was the modernization of the STI Program. Topics covered included the activities of the Engineering Review Board in the creation of the Infrastructure Upgrade Plan, the progress of the RECON Replacement Project, the use and status of Electronic SCAN (Selected Current Aerospace Notices), the Machine Translation Project, multimedia, electronic document interchange, the NASA Access Mechanism, computer network upgrades, and standards in the architectural effort.

A personal computer-based nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Job, Constantin; Pearson, Robert M.; Brown, Michael F.

1994-11-01

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy using personal computer-based hardware has the potential of enabling the application of NMR methods to fields where conventional state of the art equipment is either impractical or too costly. With such a strategy for data acquisition and processing, disciplines including civil engineering, agriculture, geology, archaeology, and others have the possibility of utilizing magnetic resonance techniques within the laboratory or conducting applications directly in the field. Another aspect is the possibility of utilizing existing NMR magnets which may be in good condition but unused because of outdated or nonrepairable electronics. Moreover, NMR applications based on personal computer technology may open up teaching possibilities at the college or even secondary school level. The goal of developing such a personal computer (PC)-based NMR standard is facilitated by existing technologies including logic cell arrays, direct digital frequency synthesis, use of PC-based electrical engineering software tools to fabricate electronic circuits, and the use of permanent magnets based on neodymium-iron-boron alloy. Utilizing such an approach, we have been able to place essentially an entire NMR spectrometer console on two printed circuit boards, with the exception of the receiver and radio frequency power amplifier. Future upgrades to include the deuterium lock and the decoupler unit are readily envisioned. The continued development of such PC-based NMR spectrometers is expected to benefit from the fast growing, practical, and low cost personal computer market.

The Computer Bulletin Board. Modified Gran Plots of Very Weak Acids on a Spreadsheet.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chau, F. T.; And Others

1990-01-01

Presented are two applications of computer technology to chemistry instruction: the use of a spreadsheet program to analyze acid-base titration curves and the use of database software to catalog stockroom inventories. (CW)

The Computer Bulletin Board.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Collins, Michael J.; Vitz, Ed

1988-01-01

Examines two computer interfaced lab experiments: 1) discusses the automation of a Perkin Elmer 337 infrared spectrophotometer noting the mechanical and electronic changes needed; 2) uses the Gouy method and Lotus Measure software to automate magnetic susceptibility determinations. Methodology is described. (MVL)

The Computer Bulletin Board.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Batt, Russell H., Ed.

1989-01-01

Describes two chemistry computer programs: (1) "Eureka: A Chemistry Problem Solver" (problem files may be written by the instructor, MS-DOS 2.0, IBM with 384K); and (2) "PC-File+" (database management, IBM with 416K and two floppy drives). (MVL)

Real-time, autonomous precise satellite orbit determination using the global positioning system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goldstein, David Ben

2000-10-01

The desire for autonomously generated, rapidly available, and highly accurate satellite ephemeris is growing with the proliferation of constellations of satellites and the cost and overhead of ground tracking resources. Autonomous Orbit Determination (OD) may be done on the ground in a post-processing mode or in real-time on board a satellite and may be accomplished days, hours or immediately after observations are processed. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is now widely used as an alternative to ground tracking resources to supply observation data for satellite positioning and navigation. GPS is accurate, inexpensive, provides continuous coverage, and is an excellent choice for autonomous systems. In an effort to estimate precise satellite ephemeris in real-time on board a satellite, the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) created the GPS Enhanced OD Experiment (GEODE) flight navigation software. This dissertation offers alternative methods and improvements to GEODE to increase on board autonomy and real-time total position accuracy and precision without increasing computational burden. First, GEODE is modified to include a Gravity Acceleration Approximation Function (GAAF) to replace the traditional spherical harmonic representation of the gravity field. Next, an ionospheric correction method called Differenced Range Versus Integrated Doppler (DRVID) is applied to correct for ionospheric errors in the GPS measurements used in GEODE. Then, Dynamic Model Compensation (DMC) is added to estimate unmodeled and/or mismodeled forces in the dynamic model and to provide an alternative process noise variance-covariance formulation. Finally, a Genetic Algorithm (GA) is implemented in the form of Genetic Model Compensation (GMC) to optimize DMC forcing noise parameters. Application of GAAF, DRVID and DMC improved GEODE's position estimates by 28.3% when applied to GPS/MET data collected in the presence of Selective Availability (SA), 17.5% when SA is removed from the GPS/MET data and 10.8% on SA free TOPEX data. Position estimates with RSS errors below I meter are now achieved using SA free TOPEX data. DRVID causes an increase in computational burden while GAAF and DMC reduce computational burden. The net effect of applying GAAF, DRVID and DMC is an improvement in GEODE's accuracy/precision without an increase in computational burden.

Computer Literacy Curriculum Guide. Bulletin 1739.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Louisiana State Dept. of Education, Baton Rouge.

Developed in response to a ruling by the Louisiana State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education that freshmen entering high school in 1985-86 must have one-half credit in computer literacy as a graduation requirement, this curriculum guide outlines a basal course in computer literacy for ninth grade students. The course may also be offered to…

Automated computer grading of hardwood lumber

Treesearch

P. Klinkhachorn; J.P. Franklin; Charles W. McMillin; R.W. Conners; H.A. Huber

1988-01-01

This paper describes an improved computer program to grade hardwood lumber. The program was created as part of a system to automate various aspects of the hardwood manufacturing industry. It enhances previous efforts by considering both faces of the board and provides easy application of species dependent rules. The program can be readily interfaced with a computer...

Let Me Share a Secret with You! Teaching with Computers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Vasconcelos, Maria

The author describes her experiences teaching a computer-enhanced Modern Poetry course. The author argues that using computers enhances the concept of the classroom as learning community. It was the author's experience that students' postings on the discussion board created an atmosphere that encouraged student involvement, as opposed to the…

10 CFR 1703.112 - Computation of time.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Computation of time. 1703.112 Section 1703.112 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REQUESTS § 1703.112 Computation of time. In... until the end of the next working day. Whenever a person has the right or is required to take some...

10 CFR 1703.112 - Computation of time.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Computation of time. 1703.112 Section 1703.112 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REQUESTS § 1703.112 Computation of time. In... until the end of the next working day. Whenever a person has the right or is required to take some...

10 CFR 1703.112 - Computation of time.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Computation of time. 1703.112 Section 1703.112 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REQUESTS § 1703.112 Computation of time. In... until the end of the next working day. Whenever a person has the right or is required to take some...

10 CFR 1703.112 - Computation of time.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Computation of time. 1703.112 Section 1703.112 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REQUESTS § 1703.112 Computation of time. In... until the end of the next working day. Whenever a person has the right or is required to take some...

10 CFR 1703.112 - Computation of time.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Computation of time. 1703.112 Section 1703.112 Energy DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD PUBLIC INFORMATION AND REQUESTS § 1703.112 Computation of time. In... until the end of the next working day. Whenever a person has the right or is required to take some...

The Use of Computer-Mediated Communication To Enhance Subsequent Face-to-Face Discussions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dietz-Uhler, Beth; Bishop-Clark, Cathy

2001-01-01

Describes a study of undergraduate students that assessed the effects of synchronous (Internet chat) and asynchronous (Internet discussion board) computer-mediated communication on subsequent face-to-face discussions. Results showed that face-to-face discussions preceded by computer-mediated communication were perceived to be more enjoyable.…

76 FR 7818 - Announcing a Meeting of the Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-11

... will be open to the public. The ISPAB was established by the Computer Security Act of 1987 (Pub. L. 100..., --Presentation on Science of Security relating to computer security research, --Presentation on Access of..., --A panel of Inspector Generals regarding privacy and security, and --Update on NIST Computer Security...

77 FR 38880 - Privacy Act of 1974, as Amended; Computer Matching Program (SSA/Railroad Retirement Board (SSA...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-29

... Security Administration (SSA). ACTION: Notice of a renewal of an existing computer matching program that... regarding protections for such persons. The Privacy Act, as amended, regulates the use of computer matching... SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION [Docket No. SSA 2012-0002] Privacy Act of 1974, as Amended...

Spectrum of tablet computer use by medical students and residents at an academic medical center.

PubMed

Robinson, Robert

2015-01-01

Introduction. The value of tablet computer use in medical education is an area of considerable interest, with preliminary investigations showing that the majority of medical trainees feel that tablet computers added value to the curriculum. This study investigated potential differences in tablet computer use between medical students and resident physicians. Materials & Methods. Data collection for this survey was accomplished with an anonymous online questionnaire shared with the medical students and residents at Southern Illinois University School of Medicine (SIU-SOM) in July and August of 2012. Results. There were 76 medical student responses (26% response rate) and 66 resident/fellow responses to this survey (21% response rate). Residents/fellows were more likely to use tablet computers several times daily than medical students (32% vs. 20%, p = 0.035). The most common reported uses were for accessing medical reference applications (46%), e-Books (45%), and board study (32%). Residents were more likely than students to use a tablet computer to access an electronic medical record (41% vs. 21%, p = 0.010), review radiology images (27% vs. 12%, p = 0.019), and enter patient care orders (26% vs. 3%, p < 0.001). Discussion. This study shows a high prevalence and frequency of tablet computer use among physicians in training at this academic medical center. Most residents and students use tablet computers to access medical references, e-Books, and to study for board exams. Residents were more likely to use tablet computers to complete clinical tasks. Conclusions. Tablet computer use among medical students and resident physicians was common in this survey. All learners used tablet computers for point of care references and board study. Resident physicians were more likely to use tablet computers to access the EMR, enter patient care orders, and review radiology studies. This difference is likely due to the differing educational and professional demands placed on resident physicians. Further study is needed better understand how tablet computers and other mobile devices may assist in medical education and patient care.

Spectrum of tablet computer use by medical students and residents at an academic medical center

PubMed Central

2015-01-01

Introduction. The value of tablet computer use in medical education is an area of considerable interest, with preliminary investigations showing that the majority of medical trainees feel that tablet computers added value to the curriculum. This study investigated potential differences in tablet computer use between medical students and resident physicians. Materials & Methods. Data collection for this survey was accomplished with an anonymous online questionnaire shared with the medical students and residents at Southern Illinois University School of Medicine (SIU-SOM) in July and August of 2012. Results. There were 76 medical student responses (26% response rate) and 66 resident/fellow responses to this survey (21% response rate). Residents/fellows were more likely to use tablet computers several times daily than medical students (32% vs. 20%, p = 0.035). The most common reported uses were for accessing medical reference applications (46%), e-Books (45%), and board study (32%). Residents were more likely than students to use a tablet computer to access an electronic medical record (41% vs. 21%, p = 0.010), review radiology images (27% vs. 12%, p = 0.019), and enter patient care orders (26% vs. 3%, p < 0.001). Discussion. This study shows a high prevalence and frequency of tablet computer use among physicians in training at this academic medical center. Most residents and students use tablet computers to access medical references, e-Books, and to study for board exams. Residents were more likely to use tablet computers to complete clinical tasks. Conclusions. Tablet computer use among medical students and resident physicians was common in this survey. All learners used tablet computers for point of care references and board study. Resident physicians were more likely to use tablet computers to access the EMR, enter patient care orders, and review radiology studies. This difference is likely due to the differing educational and professional demands placed on resident physicians. Further study is needed better understand how tablet computers and other mobile devices may assist in medical education and patient care. PMID:26246973

Automating ATLAS Computing Operations using the Site Status Board

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

J, Andreeva; Iglesias C, Borrego; S, Campana; Girolamo A, Di; I, Dzhunov; Curull X, Espinal; S, Gayazov; E, Magradze; M, Nowotka M.; L, Rinaldi; P, Saiz; J, Schovancova; A, Stewart G.; M, Wright

2012-12-01

The automation of operations is essential to reduce manpower costs and improve the reliability of the system. The Site Status Board (SSB) is a framework which allows Virtual Organizations to monitor their computing activities at distributed sites and to evaluate site performance. The ATLAS experiment intensively uses the SSB for the distributed computing shifts, for estimating data processing and data transfer efficiencies at a particular site, and for implementing automatic exclusion of sites from computing activities, in case of potential problems. The ATLAS SSB provides a real-time aggregated monitoring view and keeps the history of the monitoring metrics. Based on this history, usability of a site from the perspective of ATLAS is calculated. The paper will describe how the SSB is integrated in the ATLAS operations and computing infrastructure and will cover implementation details of the ATLAS SSB sensors and alarm system, based on the information in the SSB. It will demonstrate the positive impact of the use of the SSB on the overall performance of ATLAS computing activities and will overview future plans.

Non-Relative Value Unit-Generating Activities Represent One-Fifth of Academic Neuroradiologist Productivity.

PubMed

Wintermark, M; Zeineh, M; Zaharchuk, G; Srivastava, A; Fischbein, N

2016-07-01

A neuroradiologist's activity includes many tasks beyond interpreting relative value unit-generating imaging studies. Our aim was to test a simple method to record and quantify the non-relative value unit-generating clinical activity represented by consults and clinical conferences, including tumor boards. Four full-time neuroradiologists, working an average of 50% clinical and 50% academic activity, systematically recorded all the non-relative value unit-generating consults and conferences in which they were involved during 3 months by using a simple, Web-based, computer-based application accessible from smartphones, tablets, or computers. The number and type of imaging studies they interpreted during the same period and the associated relative value units were extracted from our billing system. During 3 months, the 4 neuroradiologists working an average of 50% clinical activity interpreted 4241 relative value unit-generating imaging studies, representing 8152 work relative value units. During the same period, they recorded 792 non-relative value unit-generating study reviews as part of consults and conferences (not including reading room consults), representing 19% of the interpreted relative value unit-generating imaging studies. We propose a simple Web-based smartphone app to record and quantify non-relative value unit-generating activities including consults, clinical conferences, and tumor boards. The quantification of non-relative value unit-generating activities is paramount in this time of a paradigm shift from volume to value. It also represents an important tool for determining staffing levels, which cannot be performed on the basis of relative value unit only, considering the importance of time spent by radiologists on non-relative value unit-generating activities. It may also influence payment models from medical centers to radiology departments or practices. © 2016 by American Journal of Neuroradiology.

Conduction-driven cooling of LED-based automotive LED lighting systems for abating local hot spots

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saati, Ferina; Arik, Mehmet

2018-02-01

Light-emitting diode (LED)-based automotive lighting systems pose unique challenges, such as dual-side packaging (front side for LEDs and back side for driver electronics circuit), size, harsh ambient, and cooling. Packaging for automotive lighting applications combining the advanced printed circuit board (PCB) technology with a multifunctional LED-based board is investigated with a focus on the effect of thermal conduction-based cooling for hot spot abatement. A baseline study with a flame retardant 4 technology, commonly known as FR4 PCB, is first compared with a metal-core PCB technology, both experimentally and computationally. The double-sided advanced PCB that houses both electronics and LEDs is then investigated computationally and experimentally compared with the baseline FR4 PCB. Computational models are first developed with a commercial computational fluid dynamics software and are followed by an advanced PCB technology based on embedded heat pipes, which is computationally and experimentally studied. Then, attention is turned to studying different heat pipe orientations and heat pipe placements on the board. Results show that conventional FR4-based light engines experience local hot spots (ΔT>50°C) while advanced PCB technology based on heat pipes and thermal spreaders eliminates these local hot spots (ΔT<10°C), leading to a higher lumen extraction with improved reliability. Finally, possible design options are presented with embedded heat pipe structures that further improve the PCB performance.

Learning With Reflection: Practices in an Osteopathic Surgery Clinical Clerkship Through an Online Module.

PubMed

Lewis, Kadriye O; Farber, Susan; Chen, Haiqin; Peska, Don N

2015-11-01

The value of reflective practices has gained momentum in osteopathic medical education. However, the use of reflective pedagogies has not been explored in the larger context of medical course delivery and design, to the authors' knowledge. To determine the types of reflection demonstrated by osteopathic medical students on an online discussion board and to explore differences in discussion engagement caused by the use of a reflective learning self-assessment tool. Using a mixed-method approach, reflection processes in an osteopathic surgery clinical clerkship online module were investigated in third-year osteopathic medical students. Discussion board messages were captured and coded. Both manual coding techniques and automated interrogation using NVivo9 (a computer program) for qualitative data were applied. Correlations of scores across 4 case-based discussion tasks and scores for self-reflection were computed as quantitative data. Twenty-eight students were included. Four main types of reflection (ie, content, contextual, dialogic, and personal) along with corresponding differentiated subthemes for each type of case-based discussion board group message were identified. Group collaboration revealed insights about the reflection process itself and also about the evidence of collective efforts, group engagements, and intragroup support among students. Student preparation revealed that students' metacognition was triggered when they judged their own contributions to group work. Challenges in completing readings and meeting deadlines were related to the students' long work hours. Reflective practices are essential to the practice of osteopathic medicine and medical education. Curricula can promote the development of reflective skills by integrating these deliberate practices in educational activities.

Rangeland Rummy - a board game to support adaptive management of rangeland-based livestock systems.

PubMed

Farrié, B; Jouven, M; Launay, F; Moreau, J-C; Moulin, C-H; Piquet, M; Taverne, M; Tchakérian, E; Thénard, V; Martin, G

2015-01-01

Rangeland-based livestock systems have to deal with the significant instability and uncertainty of the agricultural context (policy changes, volatility of input prices, etc.), and especially of the climatic context. Thus, they are particularly concerned by adaptive management strategies. To support the development of such strategies, we developed a board game including a computer model called "Rangeland Rummy". It is to be used by groups of farmers and agricultural consultants in the context of short workshops (about 3 h). Rangeland Rummy builds upon five types of material object: (i) a game board; (ii) a calendar stick indicating the starting date of the game board; (iii) sticks marked with the feed resources available for combinations of vegetation types and their management practices; (iv) cards to define animal groups and their feeding requirements throughout the year; (v) cards related to types of feed that can be attributed to animal groups throughout the year. Using these material objects, farmers collectively design a rangeland-based livestock system. This system is immediately evaluated using a computer model, i.e. a spreadsheet providing graphs and indicators providing information on, among other things, the extent to which quantitative and qualitative animal feeding requirements are covered across the year. Playing the game thus consists in collectively and iteratively designing and evaluating rangeland-based livestock systems, while confronting the players with new contextual challenges (e.g. interannual variability of weather, volatility of input prices) or new farmers' objectives (e.g. being self-sufficient for animal feeding). An example of application of Rangeland Rummy with 3 farmers in southern France is reported. Applications show that it tends to develop farmers' adaptive capacity by stimulating their discussions and the exchange of locally-relevant knowledge on management strategies and practices in rangeland-based livestock systems. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Preparing an autonomous, low-cost GNSS positioning and timing function on board a GEO telecom mission: a study case

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zin, A.; Scotti, M.; Mangolini, E.; Cappelluti, I.; Fiordiponti, R.; Amalric, J.; Flament, P.; Brouillard, E.; Kowaltschek, S.

2015-06-01

The purpose of this paper is to present a viable solution for a low-cost, autonomous GNSS positioning and timing function integrated in the avionics of a GEO telecomm satellite. This paper is based on a study currently carried out by Thales Alenia Space under an ARTES contract with ESA, funded by the Italian Space Agency. The availability of an autonomous means of positioning in GEO platform is essential in reducing the constraints on the ground control. This is even more true in the case of the transfer to the GEO orbit, where the current trend is to implement the low-thrust electrical propulsion and this phase could have a duration of months: the GNSS function can autonomously feed the on-board trajectory propagator with the spacecraft position fixes, in order to constrain the state estimate of the on-board filter. In order to achieve large availability of position and timing of the hosting platform, the tracking of the GNSS antenna side lobes is a critical feature. Based on the recent experiences of SGR GEO, additional insights on the side-lobe levels were made available to the GNSS community and this allows to better target a receiver architecture whose performance can be more precisely determined for the study case. This paper will show the findings in terms of GNSS function architecture for the GEO application, as well as the integration of this function inside the avionic computer. The focus is on a single frequency receiver, targeting at least GPS L1 and Galileo E1 signals. Optimizations in terms of sharing of HW resources with the on-board computer (oscillator, DC/DC converter) and the overall redundancy strategy are presented. Extension and implications for covering to the GTO case is presented as well. The expected receiver performances (position and timing accuracy, autonomy) are provided through in-orbit simulations, including a realistic receiver model.

Detection of circuit-board components with an adaptive multiclass correlation filter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Diaz-Ramirez, Victor H.; Kober, Vitaly

2008-08-01

A new method for reliable detection of circuit-board components is proposed. The method is based on an adaptive multiclass composite correlation filter. The filter is designed with the help of an iterative algorithm using complex synthetic discriminant functions. The impulse response of the filter contains information needed to localize and classify geometrically distorted circuit-board components belonging to different classes. Computer simulation results obtained with the proposed method are provided and compared with those of known multiclass correlation based techniques in terms of performance criteria for recognition and classification of objects.

Capability and Interface Assessment of Gaming Technologies for Future Multi-Unmanned Air Vehicle Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-08-01

resource management games (e.g., Sim City 2000), board game simulations (e.g., VASSAL), and abstract games (e.g., Tetris). The second purpose of the...which occur simultaneously o E.g., Starcraft  Board game o A computer game that emulates a board game o E.g., Archon  2D Side View o A game...a mouse  Joypad o E.g., A playstation/X-box controller  Accelerometer o E.g., A Wii Controller  Touch 22 Distribution A: Approved for

SMART-FDIR: Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Implementation of a Satellite FDIR

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guiotto, A.; Martelli, A.; Paccagnini, C.

Nowadays space activities are characterized by increased constraints in terms of on-board computing power and functional complexity combined with reduction of costs and schedule. This scenario necessarily originates impacts on the on-board software with particular emphases to the interfaces between on-board software and system/mission level requirements. The questions are: How can the effectiveness of Space System Software design be improved? How can we increase sophistication in the area of autonomy and failure tolerance, maintaining the necessary quality with acceptable risks?

A social implications of computing course which teaches computer ethics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pulliam, S.C.

1994-12-31

Computers are integral to today`s world, forming our society as well as responding to it, In recognition of this interaction, as well as in response to requirements by the Computer Science Accrediting Board (CSAB), many schools are incorporating computer ethics and values and addressing the social implications of computing within their curriculum. The approach discussed here is through a separate course, rather than relying on the integration of specific topics throughout the curriculum.

SPACEBAR: Kinematic design by computer graphics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ricci, R. J.

1975-01-01

The interactive graphics computer program SPACEBAR, conceived to reduce the time and complexity associated with the development of kinematic mechanisms on the design board, was described. This program allows the direct design and analysis of mechanisms right at the terminal screen. All input variables, including linkage geometry, stiffness, and applied loading conditions, can be fed into or changed at the terminal and may be displayed in three dimensions. All mechanism configurations can be cycled through their range of travel and viewed in their various geometric positions. Output data includes geometric positioning in orthogonal coordinates of each node point in the mechanism, velocity and acceleration of the node points, and internal loads and displacements of the node points and linkages. All analysis calculations take at most a few seconds to complete. Output data can be viewed at the scope and also printed at the discretion of the user.

3-D Packaging: A Technology Review

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Strickland, Mark; Johnson, R. Wayne; Gerke, David

2005-01-01

Traditional electronics are assembled as a planar arrangement of components on a printed circuit board (PCB) or other type of substrate. These planar assemblies may then be plugged into a motherboard or card cage creating a volume of electronics. This architecture is common in many military and space electronic systems as well as large computer and telecommunications systems and industrial electronics. The individual PCB assemblies can be replaced if defective or for system upgrade. Some applications are constrained by the volume or the shape of the system and are not compatible with the motherboard or card cage architecture. Examples include missiles, camcorders, and digital cameras. In these systems, planar rigid-flex substrates are folded to create complex 3-D shapes. The flex circuit serves the role of motherboard, providing interconnection between the rigid boards. An example of a planar rigid - flex assembly prior to folding is shown. In both architectures, the interconnection is effectively 2-D.

Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Analysis and Data Selection on-board the Puerto Rico CubeSat

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bergman, J. E. S.; Bruhn, F.; Funk, P.; Isham, B.; Rincón-Charris, A. A.; Capo-Lugo, P.; Åhlén, L.

2015-10-01

CubeSat missions are constrained by the limited resources provided by the platform. Many payload providers have learned to cope with the low mass and power but the poor telemetry allocation remains a bottleneck. In the end, it is the data delivered to ground which determines the value of the mission. However, transmitting more data does not necessarily guarantee high value, since the value also depends on the data quality. By exploiting fast on-board computing and efficient artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for analysis and data selection one could optimize the usage of the telemetry link and so increase the value of the mission. In a pilot project, we attempt to do this on the Puerto Rico CubeSat, where science objectives include the acquisition of space weather data to aid better understanding of the Sun to Earth connection.

Hardware description ADSP-21020 40-bit floating point DSP as designed in a remotely controlled digital CW Doppler radar

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Morrison, R. E.; Robinson, S. H.

A continuous wave Doppler radar system has been designed which is portable, easily deployed, and remotely controlled. The heart of this system is a DSP/control board using Analog Devices ADSP-21020 40-bit floating point digital signal processor (DSP) microprocessor. Two 18-bit audio A/D converters provide digital input to the DSP/controller board for near real time target detection. Program memory for the DSP is dual ported with an Intel 87C51 microcontroller allowing DSP code to be up-loaded or down-loaded from a central controlling computer. The 87C51 provides overall system control for the remote radar and includes a time-of-day/day-of-year real time clock, system identification (ID) switches, and input/output (I/O) expansion by an Intel 82C55 I/O expander.

Analyzing Pulse-Code Modulation On A Small Computer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Massey, David E.

1988-01-01

System for analysis pulse-code modulation (PCM) comprises personal computer, computer program, and peripheral interface adapter on circuit board that plugs into expansion bus of computer. Functions essentially as "snapshot" PCM decommutator, which accepts and stores thousands of frames of PCM data, sifts through them repeatedly to process according to routines specified by operator. Enables faster testing and involves less equipment than older testing systems.

HypsIRI On-Board Science Data Processing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Flatley, Tom

2010-01-01

Topics include On-board science data processing, on-board image processing, software upset mitigation, on-board data reduction, on-board 'VSWIR" products, HyspIRI demonstration testbed, and processor comparison.

Tribal Colleges and Universities. Executive Order.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bush, George W.

This Executive Order establishes the President's Board of Advisors on Tribal Colleges and Universities (Board) within the Department of Education. The Board shall consist of not more than 15 members appointed by the President. The Board shall include representatives of tribal colleges and may also include representatives of other education…

AdA Compiler Validation Summary Report: Certificate Number: 910920W1. 11211 Verdix Corporation, VADS Sun4 SunOS= 68020/30 ARTX, VAda-110-40120, Version 6.0, SPAECstation 2 (Host) to Motorola MVME147 (Target)

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-09-20

SunOS Release 4.1.1) Target Computer System: Motorola MVME147 (Motorola 68030 Bare Board) Customer Agreement Number: 91-07-16- VRX See section 3.1 for...AVF-VSR-504.0292 18 February 1992 91-07-1 6- VRX Ada COMPILER VALIDATION SUMMARY REPORT: Certificate Number: 910920W1.11211 VERDIX Corporation VADS...SunOS Release 4.1.1) Target Computer System: Motorola MVME147 (Motorola 68030 Bare Board) Customer Agreement Number: 91-07-16- VRX See section 3.1 for

Standardised Embedded Data framework for Drones [SEDD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wyngaard, J.; Barbieri, L.; Peterson, F. S.

2015-12-01

A number of barriers to entry remain for UAS use in science. One in particular is that of implementing an experiment and UAS specific software stack. Currently this stack is most often developed in-house and customised for a particular UAS-sensor pairing - limiting its reuse. Alternatively, when adaptable a suitable commercial package may be used, but such systems are both costly and usually suboptimal.In order to address this challenge the Standardised Embedded Data framework for Drones [SEDD] is being developed in μpython. SEDD provides an open source, reusable, and scientist-accessible drop in solution for drone data capture and triage. Targeted at embedded hardware, and offering easy access to standard I/O interfaces, SEDD provides an easy solution for simply capturing data from a sensor. However, the intention is rather to enable more complex systems of multiple sensors, computer hardware, and feedback loops, via 3 primary components.A data asset manager ensures data assets are associated with appropriate metadata as they are captured. Thereafter, the asset is easily archived or otherwise redirected, possibly to - onboard storage, onboard compute resource for processing, an interface for transmission, another sensor control system, remote storage and processing (such as EarthCube's CHORDS), or to any combination of the above.A service workflow managerenables easy implementation of complex onboard systems via dedicated control of multiple continuous and periodic services. Such services will include the housekeeping chores of operating a UAS and multiple sensors, but will also permit a scientist to drop in an initial scientific data processing code utilising on-board compute resources beyond the autopilot. Having such capabilities firstly enables easy creation of real-time feedback, to the human- or auto- pilot, or other sensors, on data quality or needed flight path changes. Secondly, compute hardware provides the opportunity to carry out real-time data triage, for the purposes of conserving on-board storage space or transmission bandwidth in inherently poor connectivity environments.A compute manager is finally included. Depending on system complexity, and given the need for power efficient parallelism, it can quickly become necessary to provide a scheduling service for multiple workflows.

A generic readout system for astrophysical detectors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Doumayrou, E.; Lortholary, M.

2012-09-01

We have developed a generic digital platform to fulfill the needs for the development of new detectors in astrophysics, which is used in lab, for ground-based telescopes instruments and also in prototype versions for space instruments development. This system is based on hardware FPGA electronic board (called MISE) together with software on a PC computer (called BEAR). The MISE board generates the fast clocking which reads the detectors thanks to a programmable digital sequencer and performs data acquisition, buffering of digitalized pixels outputs and interfaces with others boards. The data are then sent to the PC via a SpaceWire or Usb link. The BEAR software sets the MISE board up, makes data acquisition and enables the visualization, processing and the storage of data in line. These software tools are made of C++ and Labview (NI) on a Linux OS. MISE and BEAR make a generic acquisition architecture, on which dedicated analog boards are plugged, so that to accommodate with detectors specificity: number of pixels, the readout channels and frequency, analog bias and clock interfaces. We have used this concept to build a camera for the P-ARTEMIS project including a 256 pixels sub-millimeter bolometer detector at 10Kpixel/s (SPIE 7741-12 (2010)). For the EUCLID project, a lab camera is now working for the test of CCDs 4Mpixels at 4*200Kpixel/s. Another is working for the testing of new near infrared detectors (NIR LFSA for the ESA TRP program) 110Kpixels at 2*100Kpixels/s. Other projects are in progress for the space missions PLATO and SPICA.

TRSys: A hardwood lumber grading training and remanufacturing system

Treesearch

P. Klinkhachorn; R. Kothari; R. Annavajjhala; Charles W. McMillin

1994-01-01

The Training and Remanufacturing System (TRSys) is a new training tool for teaching both hardwood lumber grading and remanufacturing of lower grade boards into smaller boards of higher total value. TRSys is based on the HaLT2, ReGS, and enhanced HaRem computer programs. The most important feature of this new program is its ablilty to evaluate remanufacturing beyond...

TRSys: a hardwood lumber grading training and remanufacturing system

Treesearch

P. Klinkhachorn; R. Kotharl; R. annavajjhala; Charles W. McMilling

1994-01-01

The training and remanufacturing system( TRsys) is a new training tool for teaching both hardwood lumber and grading and remanufacturing of lower grade boards into smaller boards of higher total value. TRSys is based on HaLT2. REGS, and enhanced HARem computer programs. The mosti mportant feature of this new program is its ability to evaluate remanufacturing beyond...

Pedagogy and Interactive White Board Technology Integration in Higher Education Institutions: Computer-Based Teaching Scenario Protoypes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Al-Qirim, Nabeel; Mesmari, Ahlam; Mazroeei, Khawlah; Khatri, Shamma; Kaabi, Zuwainah

2017-01-01

This research is part of a research trilogy that investigated issues impacting Interactive White Board Technology (IWBT) adoption and use in a higher education institution. The other two research studies in this trilogy used (1) focus group approach and (2) survey research to identify such impacting factors. One major insight from these two…

Security Engineering Project - System Aware Cyber Security for an Autonomous Surveillance System On Board an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-01-31

59 Figure 26. Raspberry Pi SBC... Raspberry Pi single compute board (SBC) (see section 3.3.1.2). These snoopers can intercept the serial data, decode the information, and retransmit the...data. The Raspberry Pi contains two serial ports that allow receiving, altering, and retransmitting of serial data. These monitor points will provide

West Virginia yellow-poplar lumber defect database

Treesearch

Lawrence E. Osborn; Charles J. Gatchell; Curt C. Hassler; Curt C. Hassler

1992-01-01

Describes the data collection methods and the format of the new West Virginia yellow-poplar lumber defect database that was developed for use with computer simulation programs. The database contains descriptions of 627 boards, totaling approximately 3,800 board. feet, collected in West Virginia in grades FAS, FASlF, No. 1 Common, No. 2A Common, and No. 2B Common. The...

Prioritizing parts from cutting bills when gang-ripping first

Treesearch

R. Edward Thomas

1996-01-01

Computer optimization of gang-rip-first processing is a difficult problem when working with specific cutting bills. Interactions among board grade and size, arbor setup, and part sizes and quantities greatly complicate the decision making process. Cutting the wrong parts at any moment will mean that more board footage will be required to meet the bill. Using the ROugh...

Implementation of data acquisition interface using on-board field-programmable gate array (FPGA) universal serial bus (USB) link

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yussup, N.; Ibrahim, M. M.; Lombigit, L.; Rahman, N. A. A.; Zin, M. R. M.

2014-02-01

Typically a system consists of hardware as the controller and software which is installed in the personal computer (PC). In the effective nuclear detection, the hardware involves the detection setup and the electronics used, with the software consisting of analysis tools and graphical display on PC. A data acquisition interface is necessary to enable the communication between the controller hardware and PC. Nowadays, Universal Serial Bus (USB) has become a standard connection method for computer peripherals and has replaced many varieties of serial and parallel ports. However the implementation of USB is complex. This paper describes the implementation of data acquisition interface between a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) board and a PC by exploiting the USB link of the FPGA board. The USB link is based on an FTDI chip which allows direct access of input and output to the Joint Test Action Group (JTAG) signals from a USB host and a complex programmable logic device (CPLD) with a 24 MHz clock input to the USB link. The implementation and results of using the USB link of FPGA board as the data interfacing are discussed.

Implementation of data acquisition interface using on-board field-programmable gate array (FPGA) universal serial bus (USB) link

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yussup, N.; Ibrahim, M. M.; Lombigit, L.

Typically a system consists of hardware as the controller and software which is installed in the personal computer (PC). In the effective nuclear detection, the hardware involves the detection setup and the electronics used, with the software consisting of analysis tools and graphical display on PC. A data acquisition interface is necessary to enable the communication between the controller hardware and PC. Nowadays, Universal Serial Bus (USB) has become a standard connection method for computer peripherals and has replaced many varieties of serial and parallel ports. However the implementation of USB is complex. This paper describes the implementation of datamore » acquisition interface between a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) board and a PC by exploiting the USB link of the FPGA board. The USB link is based on an FTDI chip which allows direct access of input and output to the Joint Test Action Group (JTAG) signals from a USB host and a complex programmable logic device (CPLD) with a 24 MHz clock input to the USB link. The implementation and results of using the USB link of FPGA board as the data interfacing are discussed.« less

Waste inspection tomography (WIT)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bernardi, R.T.

1996-12-31

WIT is a self-sufficient mobile semitrailer for nondestructive evaluation and nondestructive assay of nuclear waste drums using x-ray and gamma-ray tomography. The recently completed Phase I included the design, fabrication, and initial testing of all WIT subsystems installed on-board the trailer. Initial test results include 2 MeV digital radiography, computed tomography, Anger camera imaging, single photon emission computed tomography, gamma-ray spectroscopy, collimated gamma scanning, and active and passive computed tomography using a 1.4 mCi source of {sup 166}Ho. These techniques were initially demonstrated on a 55-gallon phantom drum with 3 simulated waste matrices of combustibles, heterogeneous metals, and cement usingmore » check sources of gamma active isotopes such as {sup 137}Cs and {sup 133}Ba with 9-250 {mu}Ci activities. Waste matrix identification, isotopic identification, and attenuation-corrected gamma activity determination were demonstrated nondestructively and noninvasively in Phase I. Currently ongoing Phase II involves DOE site field test demonstrations at LLNL, RFETS, and INEL with real nuclear waste drums. Current WIT experience includes 55 gallon drums of cement, graphite, sludge, glass, metals, and combustibles. Thus far WIT has inspected drums with 0-20 gms of {sup 239}Pu.« less

Modular space station, phase B extension. Information management advanced development. Volume 5: Software assembly

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gerber, C. R.

1972-01-01

The development of uniform computer program standards and conventions for the modular space station is discussed. The accomplishments analyzed are: (1) development of computer program specification hierarchy, (2) definition of computer program development plan, and (3) recommendations for utilization of all operating on-board space station related data processing facilities.

22 CFR 1429.21 - Computation of time for filing papers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Computation of time for filing papers. 1429.21... MISCELLANEOUS AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS General Requirements § 1429.21 Computation of time for filing papers. In... subchapter requires the filing of any paper, such document must be received by the Board or the officer or...

IPAD project overview

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fulton, R. E.

1980-01-01

To respond to national needs for improved productivity in engineering design and manufacturing, a NASA supported joint industry/government project is underway denoted Integrated Programs for Aerospace-Vehicle Design (IPAD). The objective is to improve engineering productivity through better use of computer technology. It focuses on development of technology and associated software for integrated company-wide management of engineering information. The project has been underway since 1976 under the guidance of an Industry Technical Advisory Board (ITAB) composed of representatives of major engineering and computer companies and in close collaboration with the Air Force Integrated Computer-Aided Manufacturing (ICAM) program. Results to date on the IPAD project include an in-depth documentation of a representative design process for a large engineering project, the definition and design of computer-aided design software needed to support that process, and the release of prototype software to integrate selected design functions. Ongoing work concentrates on development of prototype software to manage engineering information, and initial software is nearing release.

Development of the HERMIES III mobile robot research testbed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Manges, W.W.; Hamel, W.R.; Weisbin, C.R.

1988-01-01

The latest robot in the Hostile Environment Robotic Machine Intelligence Experiment Series (HERMIES) is now under development at the Center for Engineering Systems Advanced Research (CESAR) in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The HERMIES III robot incorporates a larger than human size 7-degree-of-freedom manipulator mounted on a 2-degree-of-freedom mobile platform including a variety of sensors and computers. The deployment of this robot represents a significant increase in research capabilities for the CESAR laboratory. The initial on-board computer capacity of the robot exceeds that of 20 Vax 11/780s. The navigation and vision algorithms under development make extensive use of the on-boardmore » NCUBE hypercube computer while the sensors are interfaced through five VME computers running the OS-9 real-time, multitasking operating system. This paper describes the motivation, key issues, and detailed design trade-offs of implementing the first phase (basic functionality) of the HERMIES III robot. 10 refs., 7 figs.« less

Position Sensor with Integrated Signal-Conditioning Electronics on a Printed Wiring Board

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Alhorn, Dean C. (Inventor); Howard, David E. (Inventor); Smith, Dennis A. (Inventor)

2001-01-01

A position sensor, such as a rotary position sensor, includes the signal-conditioning electronics in the housing. The signal-conditioning electronics are disposed on a printed wiring board, which is assembled with another printed wiring board including the sensor windings to provide a sub-assembly. A mu-metal shield is interposed between the printed wiring boards to prevent magnetic interference. The sub-assembly is disposed in the sensor housing adjacent to an inductor board which turns on a shaft. The inductor board emanates an internally or externally generated excitation signal that induces a signal in the sensor windings. The induced signal represents the rotary position of the inductor board relative to the sensor winding board.

Space station Simulation Computer System (SCS) study for NASA/MSFC. Volume 2: Concept document

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1989-01-01

The Simulation Computer System (SCS) concept document describes and establishes requirements for the functional performance of the SCS system, including interface, logistic, and qualification requirements. The SCS is the computational communications and display segment of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Payload Training Complex (PTC). The PTC is the MSFC facility that will train onboard and ground operations personnel to operate the payloads and experiments on board the international Space Station Freedom. The requirements to be satisfied by the system implementation are identified here. The SCS concept document defines the requirements to be satisfied through the implementation of the system capability. The information provides the operational basis for defining the requirements to be allocated to the system components and enables the system organization to assess whether or not the completed system complies with the requirements of the system.

ICC '86; Proceedings of the International Conference on Communications, Toronto, Canada, June 22-25, 1986, Conference Record. Volumes 1, 2, & 3

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Papers are presented on ISDN, mobile radio systems and techniques for digital connectivity, centralized and distributed algorithms in computer networks, communications networks, quality assurance and impact on cost, adaptive filters in communications, the spread spectrum, signal processing, video communication techniques, and digital satellite services. Topics discussed include performance evaluation issues for integrated protocols, packet network operations, the computer network theory and multiple-access, microwave single sideband systems, switching architectures, fiber optic systems, wireless local communications, modulation, coding, and synchronization, remote switching, software quality, transmission, and expert systems in network operations. Consideration is given to wide area networks, image and speech processing, office communications application protocols, multimedia systems, customer-controlled network operations, digital radio systems, channel modeling and signal processing in digital communications, earth station/on-board modems, computer communications system performance evaluation, source encoding, compression, and quantization, and adaptive communications systems.

Random On-Board Pixel Sampling (ROPS) X-Ray Camera

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wang, Zhehui; Iaroshenko, O.; Li, S.

Recent advances in compressed sensing theory and algorithms offer new possibilities for high-speed X-ray camera design. In many CMOS cameras, each pixel has an independent on-board circuit that includes an amplifier, noise rejection, signal shaper, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and optional in-pixel storage. When X-ray images are sparse, i.e., when one of the following cases is true: (a.) The number of pixels with true X-ray hits is much smaller than the total number of pixels; (b.) The X-ray information is redundant; or (c.) Some prior knowledge about the X-ray images exists, sparse sampling may be allowed. Here we first illustratemore » the feasibility of random on-board pixel sampling (ROPS) using an existing set of X-ray images, followed by a discussion about signal to noise as a function of pixel size. Next, we describe a possible circuit architecture to achieve random pixel access and in-pixel storage. The combination of a multilayer architecture, sparse on-chip sampling, and computational image techniques, is expected to facilitate the development and applications of high-speed X-ray camera technology.« less

Application of OpenCV in Asus Tinker Board for face recognition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Wei-Yu; Wu, Frank; Hu, Chung-Chiang

2017-06-01

The rise of the Internet of Things to promote the development of technology development board, the processor speed of operation and memory capacity increases, more and more applications, can already be completed before the data on the board computing, combined with the network to sort the information after Sent to the cloud for processing, so that the front of the development board is no longer simply retrieve the data device. This study uses Asus Tinker Board to install OpenCV for real-time face recognition and capture of the face, the acquired face to the Microsoft Cognitive Service cloud database for artificial intelligence comparison, to find out what the face now represents the mood. The face of the corresponding person name, and finally, and then through the text of Speech to read the name of the name to complete the identification of the action. This study was developed using the Asus Tinker Board, which uses ARM-based CPUs with high efficiency and low power consumption, plus improvements in memory and hardware performance for the development board.

On-board Attitude Determination System (OADS). [for advanced spacecraft missions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carney, P.; Milillo, M.; Tate, V.; Wilson, J.; Yong, K.

1978-01-01

The requirements, capabilities and system design for an on-board attitude determination system (OADS) to be flown on advanced spacecraft missions were determined. Based upon the OADS requirements and system performance evaluation, a preliminary on-board attitude determination system is proposed. The proposed OADS system consists of one NASA Standard IRU (DRIRU-2) as the primary attitude determination sensor, two improved NASA Standard star tracker (SST) for periodic update of attitude information, a GPS receiver to provide on-board space vehicle position and velocity vector information, and a multiple microcomputer system for data processing and attitude determination functions. The functional block diagram of the proposed OADS system is shown. The computational requirements are evaluated based upon this proposed OADS system.

Spacecraft on-board SAR image generation for EOS-type missions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Liu, K. Y.; Arens, W. E.; Assal, H. M.; Vesecky, J. F.

1987-01-01

Spacecraft on-board synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image generation is an extremely difficult problem because of the requirements for high computational rates (usually on the order of Giga-operations per second), high reliability (some missions last up to 10 years), and low power dissipation and mass (typically less than 500 watts and 100 Kilograms). Recently, a JPL study was performed to assess the feasibility of on-board SAR image generation for EOS-type missions. This paper summarizes the results of that study. Specifically, it proposes a processor architecture using a VLSI time-domain parallel array for azimuth correlation. Using available space qualifiable technology to implement the proposed architecture, an on-board SAR processor having acceptable power and mass characteristics appears feasible for EOS-type applications.

The Computer Bulletin Board.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Batt, Russell H., Ed.

1988-01-01

Notes two uses of computer spreadsheets in the chemistry classroom. Discusses the general use of the spreadsheet to easily provide changing parameters of equations and then replotting the results on the screen. Presents a molecular orbital spreadsheet calculation of the LCAO-MO approach. Supplies representative printouts and graphs. (MVL)

GRAPE-5: A Special-Purpose Computer for N-Body Simulations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kawai, Atsushi; Fukushige, Toshiyuki; Makino, Junichiro; Taiji, Makoto

2000-08-01

We have developed a special-purpose computer for gravitational many-body simulations, GRAPE-5. GRAPE-5 accelerates the force calculation which dominates the calculation cost of the simulation. All other calculations, such as the time integration of orbits, are performed on a general-purpose computer (host computer) connected to GRAPE-5. A GRAPE-5 board consists of eight custom pipeline chips (G5 chip) and its peak performance is 38.4 Gflops. GRAPE-5 is the successor of GRAPE-3. The differences between GRAPE-5 and GRAPE-3 are: (1) The newly developed G5 chip contains two pipelines operating at 80 MHz, while the GRAPE chip, which was used for GRAPE-3, had one at 20 MHz. The calculation speed of GRAPE-5 is 8-times faster than that of GRAPE-3. (2) The GRAPE-5 board adopted a PCI bus as the interface to the host computer instead of VME of GRAPE-3, resulting in a communication speed one order of magnitude faster. (3) In addition to the pure 1/r potential, the G5 chip can calculate forces with arbitrary cutoff functions, so that it can be applied to the Ewald or P3M methods. (4) The pairwise force calculated on GRAPE-5 is about 10-times more accurate than that on GRAPE-3. On one GRAPE-5 board, one timestep with a direct summation algorithm takes 14 (N/128 k)2 seconds. With the Barnes-Hut tree algorithm (theta = 0.75), one timestep can be done in 15 (N/106) seconds.

INTEGRATED MONITORING HARDWARE DEVELOPMENTS AT LOS ALAMOS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

R. PARKER; J. HALBIG; ET AL

1999-09-01

The hardware of the integrated monitoring system supports a family of instruments having a common internal architecture and firmware. Instruments can be easily configured from application-specific personality boards combined with common master-processor and high- and low-voltage power supply boards, and basic operating firmware. The instruments are designed to function autonomously to survive power and communication outages and to adapt to changing conditions. The personality boards allow measurement of gross gammas and neutrons, neutron coincidence and multiplicity, and gamma spectra. In addition, the Intelligent Local Node (ILON) provides a moderate-bandwidth network to tie together instruments, sensors, and computers.

Study of a programmable high speed processor for use on-board satellites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Degavre, J. Cl.; Okkes, R.; Gaillat, G.

The availability of VLSI programmable devices will significantly enhance satellite on-board data processing capabilities. A case study is presented which indicates that computation-intensive processing applications requiring the execution of 100 megainstructions/sec are within the CD power constraints of satellites. It is noted that the current progress in semicustom design technique development and in achievable gate array densities, together with the recent announcement of improved monochip processors, are encouraging the development of an on-board programmable processor architecture able to associate the devices that will appear in communication and military markets.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fulkerson, Edward; Lanning, Rodney K.; Telford, Steven

A device includes a u-channel shaped member and a printed circuit board including a plurality of capacitors. Each of the plurality of capacitors has a mounting surface mounted to the printed circuit board and an opposing heat transfer surface thermally coupled to the u-channel shaped member. The device also includes an output cable coupled to the printed circuit board and a return cable coupled to the printed circuit board. The device further includes a control transistor disposed inside the u-channel shaped member and a current sensing resistor disposed inside the u-channel shaped member.

Research on an autonomous vision-guided helicopter

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Amidi, Omead; Mesaki, Yuji; Kanade, Takeo

1994-01-01

Integration of computer vision with on-board sensors to autonomously fly helicopters was researched. The key components developed were custom designed vision processing hardware and an indoor testbed. The custom designed hardware provided flexible integration of on-board sensors with real-time image processing resulting in a significant improvement in vision-based state estimation. The indoor testbed provided convenient calibrated experimentation in constructing real autonomous systems.

Data bank for short-length red oak lumber

Treesearch

Janice K. Wiedenbeck; Charles J. Gatchell; Elizabeth S. Walker

1994-01-01

This data bank for short-length lumber (less than 8 feet long) contains information on board outlines and defect size and quality for 426 414-inch-thick red oak boards. The Selects, 1 Common, 2A Common, and 3A Common grades are represented in the data bank. The data bank provides the kind of detailed lumber description that is required as input by computer programs...

Local area network with fault-checking, priorities, and redundant backup

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morales, Sergio (Inventor); Friedman, Gary L. (Inventor)

1989-01-01

This invention is a redundant error detecting and correcting local area networked computer system having a plurality of nodes each including a network connector board within the node for connecting to an interfacing transceiver operably attached to a network cable. There is a first network cable disposed along a path to interconnect the nodes. The first network cable includes a plurality of first interfacing transceivers attached thereto. A second network cable is disposed in parallel with the first cable and, in like manner, includes a plurality of second interfacing transceivers attached thereto. There are a plurality of three position switches each having a signal input, three outputs for individual selective connection to the input, and a control input for receiving signals designating which of the outputs is to be connected to the signal input. Each of the switches includes means for designating a response address for responding to addressed signals appearing at the control input and each of the switches further has its signal input connected to a respective one of the input/output lines from the nodes. Also, one of the three outputs is connected to a repective one of the plurality of first interfacing transceivers. There is master switch control means having an output connected to the control inputs of the plurality of three position switches and an input for receiving directive signals for outputting addressed switch position signals to the three position switches as well as monitor and control computer means having a pair of network connector boards therein connected to respective ones of one of the first interfacing transceivers and one of the second interfacing transceivers and an output connected to the input of the master switch means for monitoring the status of the networked computer system by sending messages to the nodes and receiving and verifying messages therefrom and for sending control signals to the master switch to cause the master switch to cause respective ones of the nodes to use a desired one of the first and second cables for transmitting and receiving messages and for disconnecting desired ones of the nodes from both cables.

What Can You Learn from a Cell Phone? Almost Anything!

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Prensky, Marc

2005-01-01

Today's high-end cell phones have the computing power of a mid-1990s personal computer (PC)--while consuming only one one-hundredth of the energy. Even the simplest, voice-only phones have more complex and powerful chips than the 1969 on-board computer that landed a spaceship on the moon. In the United States, it is almost universally acknowledged…

Tree volume and biomass equations for the Lake States.

Treesearch

Jerold T. Hahn

1984-01-01

Presents species specific equations and methods for computing tree height, cubic foot, and board foot volume, and biomass for the Lake States (Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin). Height equations compute either total or merchantable height to a variable top d.o.b. from d.b.h., site index, and basal area. Volumes and biomass are computed from d.b.h. and height.

MO-F-201-00: PANEL DISCUSSION: Preparing for Parts 2 and 3 of the ABR Therapy Medical Physics Exam

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

The goal of this session is to provide guidance to medical physicists undergoing the American Board of Radiology certification process in therapeutic medical physics. This panel discussion will focus on parts 2 (computer-based) and 3 (oral) of the examination. Unlike the latter portions of the exam which are specialty-driven, part 1 is universal for all medical physics fields and will not be addressed. This session is structured into different topics that aim to guide the participants on how to successfully prepare for the board exams. The subjects of discussion will include timing and strategies for exam preparation, crucial differences inmore » preparing for the clinical computer-based exam versus the oral exam, what study tools are currently available for each, etc. The panel discussion format will allow the speakers to collectively present their experience and advice relating to each topic and foment audience participation. Learning Objectives: Know the main differences between what is expected for parts 2 and 3 Know different resources for test preparation Know how to formulate a plan to best study for each part based on the specific skill set the two parts require Know how to best present his/her answers during the oral examination – demeanor, answer structure, etc.« less

MO-F-201-01: Panel Member

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Evans, J.

The goal of this session is to provide guidance to medical physicists undergoing the American Board of Radiology certification process in therapeutic medical physics. This panel discussion will focus on parts 2 (computer-based) and 3 (oral) of the examination. Unlike the latter portions of the exam which are specialty-driven, part 1 is universal for all medical physics fields and will not be addressed. This session is structured into different topics that aim to guide the participants on how to successfully prepare for the board exams. The subjects of discussion will include timing and strategies for exam preparation, crucial differences inmore » preparing for the clinical computer-based exam versus the oral exam, what study tools are currently available for each, etc. The panel discussion format will allow the speakers to collectively present their experience and advice relating to each topic and foment audience participation. Learning Objectives: Know the main differences between what is expected for parts 2 and 3 Know different resources for test preparation Know how to formulate a plan to best study for each part based on the specific skill set the two parts require Know how to best present his/her answers during the oral examination – demeanor, answer structure, etc.« less

MO-F-201-03: Panel Member

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Studenski, M.

The goal of this session is to provide guidance to medical physicists undergoing the American Board of Radiology certification process in therapeutic medical physics. This panel discussion will focus on parts 2 (computer-based) and 3 (oral) of the examination. Unlike the latter portions of the exam which are specialty-driven, part 1 is universal for all medical physics fields and will not be addressed. This session is structured into different topics that aim to guide the participants on how to successfully prepare for the board exams. The subjects of discussion will include timing and strategies for exam preparation, crucial differences inmore » preparing for the clinical computer-based exam versus the oral exam, what study tools are currently available for each, etc. The panel discussion format will allow the speakers to collectively present their experience and advice relating to each topic and foment audience participation. Learning Objectives: Know the main differences between what is expected for parts 2 and 3 Know different resources for test preparation Know how to formulate a plan to best study for each part based on the specific skill set the two parts require Know how to best present his/her answers during the oral examination – demeanor, answer structure, etc.« less

MO-F-201-04: Panel Member

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

McNutt, T.

The goal of this session is to provide guidance to medical physicists undergoing the American Board of Radiology certification process in therapeutic medical physics. This panel discussion will focus on parts 2 (computer-based) and 3 (oral) of the examination. Unlike the latter portions of the exam which are specialty-driven, part 1 is universal for all medical physics fields and will not be addressed. This session is structured into different topics that aim to guide the participants on how to successfully prepare for the board exams. The subjects of discussion will include timing and strategies for exam preparation, crucial differences inmore » preparing for the clinical computer-based exam versus the oral exam, what study tools are currently available for each, etc. The panel discussion format will allow the speakers to collectively present their experience and advice relating to each topic and foment audience participation. Learning Objectives: Know the main differences between what is expected for parts 2 and 3 Know different resources for test preparation Know how to formulate a plan to best study for each part based on the specific skill set the two parts require Know how to best present his/her answers during the oral examination – demeanor, answer structure, etc.« less

MO-F-201-02: Panel Member

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Padilla, L.

The goal of this session is to provide guidance to medical physicists undergoing the American Board of Radiology certification process in therapeutic medical physics. This panel discussion will focus on parts 2 (computer-based) and 3 (oral) of the examination. Unlike the latter portions of the exam which are specialty-driven, part 1 is universal for all medical physics fields and will not be addressed. This session is structured into different topics that aim to guide the participants on how to successfully prepare for the board exams. The subjects of discussion will include timing and strategies for exam preparation, crucial differences inmore » preparing for the clinical computer-based exam versus the oral exam, what study tools are currently available for each, etc. The panel discussion format will allow the speakers to collectively present their experience and advice relating to each topic and foment audience participation. Learning Objectives: Know the main differences between what is expected for parts 2 and 3 Know different resources for test preparation Know how to formulate a plan to best study for each part based on the specific skill set the two parts require Know how to best present his/her answers during the oral examination – demeanor, answer structure, etc.« less

A PC based time domain reflectometer for space station cable fault isolation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pham, Michael; McClean, Marty; Hossain, Sabbir; Vo, Peter; Kouns, Ken

1994-01-01

Significant problems are faced by astronauts on orbit in the Space Station when trying to locate electrical faults in multi-segment avionics and communication cables. These problems necessitate the development of an automated portable device that will detect and locate cable faults using the pulse-echo technique known as Time Domain Reflectometry. A breadboard time domain reflectometer (TDR) circuit board was designed and developed at the NASA-JSC. The TDR board works in conjunction with a GRiD lap-top computer to automate the fault detection and isolation process. A software program was written to automatically display the nature and location of any possible faults. The breadboard system can isolate open circuit and short circuit faults within two feet in a typical space station cable configuration. Follow-on efforts planned for 1994 will produce a compact, portable prototype Space Station TDR capable of automated switching in multi-conductor cables for high fidelity evaluation. This device has many possible commercial applications, including commercial and military aircraft avionics, cable TV, telephone, communication, information and computer network systems. This paper describes the principle of time domain reflectometry and the methodology for on-orbit avionics utility distribution system repair, utilizing the newly developed device called the Space Station Time Domain Reflectometer (SSTDR).

Internet Sexualities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Döring, Nicola

The term “internet sexuality” (or OSA, online sexual activities) refers to sexual-related content and activities observable on the internet (cf. Adams, Oye, & Parker, 2003; Cooper, McLoughlin, & Campbell, 2000; Leiblum & Döring, 2002). It designates a variety of sexual phenomena (e.g., pornography, sex education, sexual contacts) related to a wide spectrum of online services and applications (e.g., websites, online chat rooms, peer-to-peer networks). If an even broader range of computer networks - such as the Usenet or bulletin board systems - is included in this extensional definition, one speaks of “online sexuality” or “cybersexuality.”

40 CFR 86.1806-01 - On-board diagnostics.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

.... The emission control diagnostic system shall record and store in computer memory diagnostic trouble... or system, “freeze frame” engine conditions present at the time shall be stored in computer memory... equipped with an onboard diagnostic (OBD) system capable of monitoring, for each vehicle's useful life, all...

40 CFR 86.1806-01 - On-board diagnostics.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

.... The emission control diagnostic system shall record and store in computer memory diagnostic trouble... or system, “freeze frame” engine conditions present at the time shall be stored in computer memory... equipped with an onboard diagnostic (OBD) system capable of monitoring, for each vehicle's useful life, all...

40 CFR 86.1806-01 - On-board diagnostics.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

.... The emission control diagnostic system shall record and store in computer memory diagnostic trouble... or system, “freeze frame” engine conditions present at the time shall be stored in computer memory... equipped with an onboard diagnostic (OBD) system capable of monitoring, for each vehicle's useful life, all...

SMART USE OF COMPUTER-AIDED SPERM ANALYSIS (CASA) TO CHARACTERIZE SPERM MOTION

EPA Science Inventory

Computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) has evolved over the past fifteen years to provide an objective, practical means of measuring and characterizing the velocity and parttern of sperm motion. CASA instruments use video frame-grabber boards to capture multiple images of spermato...

75 FR 5166 - Privacy Act of 1974, as Amended; Computer Matching Program (Social Security Administration...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-01

... SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION [Docket No. SSA 2009-0043] Privacy Act of 1974, as Amended; Computer Matching Program (Social Security Administration/Railroad Retirement Board (SSA/RRB))-- Match Number 1308 AGENCY: Social Security Administration (SSA). ACTION: Notice of renewal of an existing...

20 CFR 206.2 - Computation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Computation. 206.2 Section 206.2 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD RETIREMENT ACT ACCOUNT BENEFITS RATIO... the account benefits ratios for each of the most recent 10 preceding fiscal years; and (2) Certify the...

OSCAR: A Compact, Powerful and Versatile On Board Computer Based on LEON3 Core

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Poupat, Jean-Luc; Lefevre, Aurelien; Koebel, Franck

2011-08-01

Satellites are controlled via a platform On Board Computer (OBC) that manages different parameters (attitude, orbit, modes, temperatures ...) with respect to its payload mission (telecommunication, earth observation, scientific mission). The platform OBC is connected to the satellite and the ground control via digital links, and executes on board software.The main functions of a platform OBC are to provide the satellite flight segment with the following features: o Processing resources for the flight mission software o TM/TC services and interfaces with the RF communication chaino General communication services with the Avionicsand payload equipments through an on-board communication bus based on the MIL-1553B standard or CANo Time synchronization and distributiono Failure tolerant architecture based on the use of redounded reconfiguration units and redundancyimplementationFrom a hardware point of view, it groups a lot of digital functions usually dispatched on numerous chips (processor, co-processor, digital links IP ...) together. In order to reach an ultimate level of integration, Astrium has designed an ASIC gathering on a single chip all the required digital functions: the SCOC3 ASIC.Astrium has developed an OBC based on this SCOC3 ASIC: the OSCAR (Optimized Spacecraft Computer Architecture with Reconfiguration). It is now available off-the-shelf as the new OBC product family of Astrium.This paper presents the major innovations introduced by Astrium for SCOC3 and OSCAR with the objective to save cost and mass through a solution compatible with any class quality project, using a unique software development environment for user.

Flight Computer Design for the Space Technology 5 (ST-5) Mission

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Speer, David; Jackson, George; Raphael, Dave; Day, John H. (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

As part of NASA's New Millennium Program, the Space Technology 5 mission will validate a variety of technologies for nano-satellite and constellation mission applications. Included are: a miniaturized and low power X-band transponder, a constellation communication and navigation transceiver, a cold gas micro-thruster, two different variable emittance (thermal) controllers, flex cables for solar array power collection, autonomous groundbased constellation management tools, and a new CMOS ultra low-power, radiation-tolerant, +0.5 volt logic technology. The ST-5 focus is on small and low-power. A single-processor, multi-function flight computer will implement direct digital and analog interfaces to all of the other spacecraft subsystems and components. There will not be a distributed data system that uses a standardized serial bus such as MIL-STD-1553 or MIL-STD-1773. The flight software running on the single processor will be responsible for all real-time processing associated with: guidance, navigation and control, command and data handling (C&DH) including uplink/downlink, power switching and battery charge management, science data analysis and storage, intra-constellation communications, and housekeeping data collection and logging. As a nanosatellite trail-blazer for future constellations of up to 100 separate space vehicles, ST-5 will demonstrate a compact (single board), low power (5.5 watts) solution to the data acquisition, control, communications, processing and storage requirements that have traditionally required an entire network of separate circuit boards and/or avionics boxes. In addition to the New Millennium technologies, other major spacecraft subsystems include the power system electronics, a lithium-ion battery, triple-junction solar cell arrays, a science-grade magnetometer, a miniature spinning sun sensor, and a propulsion system.

On-Board Imaging Validation of Optically Guided Stereotactic Radiosurgery Positioning System for Conventionally Fractionated Radiotherapy for Paranasal Sinus and Skull Base Cancer

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Maxim, Peter G.; Loo, Billy W.; Murphy, James D.

2011-11-15

Purpose: To evaluate the positioning accuracy of an optical positioning system for stereotactic radiosurgery in a pilot experience of optically guided, conventionally fractionated, radiotherapy for paranasal sinus and skull base tumors. Methods and Materials: Before each daily radiotherapy session, the positioning of 28 patients was set up using an optical positioning system. After this initial setup, the patients underwent standard on-board imaging that included daily orthogonal kilovoltage images and weekly cone beam computed tomography scans. Daily translational shifts were made after comparing the on-board images with the treatment planning computed tomography scans. These daily translational shifts represented the daily positionalmore » error in the optical tracking system and were recorded during the treatment course. For 13 patients treated with smaller fields, a three-degree of freedom (3DOF) head positioner was used for more accurate setup. Results: The mean positional error for the optically guided system in patients with and without the 3DOF head positioner was 1.4 {+-} 1.1 mm and 3.9 {+-} 1.6 mm, respectively (p <.0001). The mean positional error drifted 0.11 mm/wk upward during the treatment course for patients using the 3DOF head positioner (p = .057). No positional drift was observed in the patients without the 3DOF head positioner. Conclusion: Our initial clinical experience with optically guided head-and-neck fractionated radiotherapy was promising and demonstrated clinical feasibility. The optically guided setup was especially useful when used in conjunction with the 3DOF head positioner and when it was recalibrated to the shifts using the weekly portal images.« less

48 CFR 1336.602-2 - Evaluation boards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Evaluation boards. 1336...-2 Evaluation boards. Permanent and ad hoc architect-engineer evaluation boards may include... evaluation boards should be comprised of at least a majority of government personnel. ...

Chemical and biological processes for multi-metal extraction from waste printed circuit boards of computers and mobile phones.

PubMed

Shah, Monal B; Tipre, Devayani R; Dave, Shailesh R

2014-11-01

E-waste printed circuit boards (PCB) of computers, mobile-phones, televisions, LX (LongXiang) PCB in LED lights and bulbs, and tube-lights were crushed to ≥250 µm particle size and 16 different metals were analysed. A comparative study has been carried out to evaluate the extraction of Cu-Zn-Ni from computer printed circuit boards (c-PCB) and mobile-phone printed circuit boards (m-PCB) by chemical and biological methods. Chemical process showed the extraction of Cu-Zn-Ni by ferric sulphate was best among the studied chemical lixiviants. Bioleaching experiments were carried out with the iron oxidising consortium, which showed that when E-waste and inoculum were added simultaneously in the medium (one-step process); 60.33% and 87.50% Cu, 75.67% and 85.67% Zn and 71.09% and 81.87% Ni were extracted from 10 g L(-1) of c-PCB and m-PCB, respectively, within 10-15 days of reaction time. Whereas, E-waste added after the complete oxidation of Fe(2+) to Fe(3+) iron containing medium (two-step process) showed 85.26% and 99.99% Cu, 96.75% and 99.49% Zn and 93.23% and 84.21% Ni extraction from c-PCB and m-PCB, respectively, only in 6-8 days. Influence of varying biogenerated Fe(3+) and c-PCB concentrations showed that 16.5 g L(-1) of Fe(3+) iron was optimum up to 100 g L(-1) of c-PCB. Changes in pH, acid consumed and redox potential during the process were also studied. The present study shows the ability of an eco-friendly process for the recovery of multi-metals from E-waste even at 100 g L(-1) printed circuit boards concentration. © The Author(s) 2014.

The Vanishing School Board.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chalker, Donald M.; Haynes, Richard M.

1997-01-01

Now that school boards have been replaced by parent advisory councils, there is virtually no local school governance in New Brunswick, Canada. Factors leading to school boards' demise include neglected democratic institutions, failure to understand local boards' needs, less qualified members, boards' failure to protect their special…

Parallel image reconstruction for 3D positron emission tomography from incomplete 2D projection data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guerrero, Thomas M.; Ricci, Anthony R.; Dahlbom, Magnus; Cherry, Simon R.; Hoffman, Edward T.

1993-07-01

The problem of excessive computational time in 3D Positron Emission Tomography (3D PET) reconstruction is defined, and we present an approach for solving this problem through the construction of an inexpensive parallel processing system and the adoption of the FAVOR algorithm. Currently, the 3D reconstruction of the 610 images of a total body procedure would require 80 hours and the 3D reconstruction of the 620 images of a dynamic study would require 110 hours. An inexpensive parallel processing system for 3D PET reconstruction is constructed from the integration of board level products from multiple vendors. The system achieves its computational performance through the use of 6U VME four i860 processor boards, the processor boards from five manufacturers are discussed from our perspective. The new 3D PET reconstruction algorithm FAVOR, FAst VOlume Reconstructor, that promises a substantial speed improvement is adopted. Preliminary results from parallelizing FAVOR are utilized in formulating architectural improvements for this problem. In summary, we are addressing the problem of excessive computational time in 3D PET image reconstruction, through the construction of an inexpensive parallel processing system and the parallelization of a 3D reconstruction algorithm that uses the incomplete data set that is produced by current PET systems.

A low-cost computer-controlled Arduino-based educational laboratory system for teaching the fundamentals of photovoltaic cells

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zachariadou, K.; Yiasemides, K.; Trougkakos, N.

2012-11-01

We present a low-cost, fully computer-controlled, Arduino-based, educational laboratory (SolarInsight) to be used in undergraduate university courses concerned with electrical engineering and physics. The major goal of the system is to provide students with the necessary instrumentation, software tools and methodology in order to learn fundamental concepts of semiconductor physics by exploring the process of an experimental physics inquiry. The system runs under the Windows operating system and is composed of a data acquisition/control board, a power supply and processing boards, sensing elements, a graphical user interface and data analysis software. The data acquisition/control board is based on the Arduino open source electronics prototyping platform. The graphical user interface and communication with the Arduino are developed in C# and C++ programming languages respectively, by using IDE Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 Professional, which is freely available to students. Finally, the data analysis is performed by using the open source, object-oriented framework ROOT. Currently the system supports five teaching activities, each one corresponding to an independent tab in the user interface. SolarInsight has been partially developed in the context of a diploma thesis conducted within the Technological Educational Institute of Piraeus under the co-supervision of the Physics and Electronic Computer Systems departments’ academic staff.

Modeling and Simulation Reliable Spacecraft On-Board Computing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Park, Nohpill

1999-01-01

The proposed project will investigate modeling and simulation-driven testing and fault tolerance schemes for Spacecraft On-Board Computing, thereby achieving reliable spacecraft telecommunication. A spacecraft communication system has inherent capabilities of providing multipoint and broadcast transmission, connectivity between any two distant nodes within a wide-area coverage, quick network configuration /reconfiguration, rapid allocation of space segment capacity, and distance-insensitive cost. To realize the capabilities above mentioned, both the size and cost of the ground-station terminals have to be reduced by using reliable, high-throughput, fast and cost-effective on-board computing system which has been known to be a critical contributor to the overall performance of space mission deployment. Controlled vulnerability of mission data (measured in sensitivity), improved performance (measured in throughput and delay) and fault tolerance (measured in reliability) are some of the most important features of these systems. The system should be thoroughly tested and diagnosed before employing a fault tolerance into the system. Testing and fault tolerance strategies should be driven by accurate performance models (i.e. throughput, delay, reliability and sensitivity) to find an optimal solution in terms of reliability and cost. The modeling and simulation tools will be integrated with a system architecture module, a testing module and a module for fault tolerance all of which interacting through a centered graphical user interface.

OpenPET Hardware, Firmware, Software, and Board Design Files

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Abu-Nimeh, Faisal; Choong, Woon-Sengq; Moses, William W.

OpenPET is an open source, flexible, high-performance, and modular data acquisition system for a variety of applications. The OpenPET electronics are capable of reading analog voltage or current signals from a wide variety of sensors. The electronics boards make extensive use of field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to provide flexibility and scalability. Firmware and software for the FPGAs and computer are used to control and acquire data from the system. The command and control flow is similar to the data flow, however, the commands are initiated from the computer similar to a tree topology (i.e., from top-to-bottom). Each node inmore » the tree discovers its parent and children, and all addresses are configured accordingly. A user (or a script) initiates a command from the computer. This command will be translated and encoded to the corresponding child (e.g., SB, MB, DB, etc.). Consecutively, each node will pass the command to its corresponding child(ren) by looking at the destination address. Finally, once the command reaches its desired destination(s) the corresponding node(s) execute(s) the command and send(s) a reply, if required. All the firmware, software, and the electronics board design files are distributed through the OpenPET website (http://openpet.lbl.gov).« less

Speed and accuracy improvements in FLAASH atmospheric correction of hyperspectral imagery

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Perkins, Timothy; Adler-Golden, Steven; Matthew, Michael W.; Berk, Alexander; Bernstein, Lawrence S.; Lee, Jamine; Fox, Marsha

2012-11-01

Remotely sensed spectral imagery of the earth's surface can be used to fullest advantage when the influence of the atmosphere has been removed and the measurements are reduced to units of reflectance. Here, we provide a comprehensive summary of the latest version of the Fast Line-of-sight Atmospheric Analysis of Spectral Hypercubes atmospheric correction algorithm. We also report some new code improvements for speed and accuracy. These include the re-working of the original algorithm in C-language code parallelized with message passing interface and containing a new radiative transfer look-up table option, which replaces executions of the MODTRAN model. With computation times now as low as ~10 s per image per computer processor, automated, real-time, on-board atmospheric correction of hyper- and multi-spectral imagery is within reach.

Factors associated with high-severity disciplinary action by a state medical board: a Texas study of medical license revocation.

PubMed

Cardarelli, Roberto; Licciardone, John C

2006-03-01

There has been an increase in research evaluating factors associated with disciplinary action of physicians by state medical boards. However, factors related to the severity of disciplinary action are lacking. By investigating these factors while controlling for the type of violation, the authors sought to determine whether physician characteristics influenced the process of disciplinary action by state medical boards. Physicians disciplined by the Texas Medical Board between January 1, 1989, and December 31, 1998, were included in this case-controlled study (N=1129). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to compute odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors associated with license revocation, the most severe disciplinary action, compared with all other forms of disciplinary action combined. Anesthesiologists (OR, 2.45; 95% CI, 1.05-5.74), general practitioners (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.01-3.19), and psychiatrists (OR, 2.68; 95% CI, 1.41-5.13), as well as those with multiple disciplinary actions (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.29-2.83) were most susceptible to license revocation. The more years a disciplined physician was in practice, the greater risk he or she had of license revocation (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.04-1.07). Factors associated with a greater likelihood of license revocation for physicians are: primary medical specialty, number of years in practice, and a history of multiple disciplinary actions.

Augmentative Communication with Computer Assist.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kinzer, Gay

To provide a communication method for children who are non-verbal due to hearing impairments, brain damage, or malformed oral structures, sign language and language boards have been utilized. However, these methods have limitations, and alternate means of communication have been explored. An Apple 2E computer with an echo speech synthesizer was…

SpecialNet. A National Computer-Based Communications Network.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morin, Alfred J.

1986-01-01

"SpecialNet," a computer-based communications network for educators at all administrative levels, has been established and is managed by National Systems Management, Inc. Users can send and receive electronic mail, share information on electronic bulletin boards, participate in electronic conferences, and send reports and other documents to each…

The Classroom, Board Room, Chat Room, and Court Room: School Computers at the Crossroads.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stewart, Michael

2000-01-01

In schools' efforts to maximize technology's benefits, ethical considerations have often taken a back seat. Computer misuse is growing exponentially and assuming many forms: unauthorized data access, hacking, piracy, information theft, fraud, virus creation, harassment, defamation, and discrimination. Integrated-learning activities will help…

A Laboratory Application of Microcomputer Graphics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gehring, Kalle B.; Moore, John W.

1983-01-01

A PASCAL graphics and instrument interface program for a Z80/S-100 based microcomputer was developed. The computer interfaces to a stopped-flow spectrophotometer replacing a storage oscilloscope and polaroid camera. Applications of this system are discussed, indicating that graphics and analog-to-digital boards have transformed the computer into…

Enhancing Student Engagement: A Group Case Study Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taneja, Aakash

2014-01-01

Computing professionals work in groups and collaborate with individuals having diverse backgrounds and behaviors. The Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) characterizes that a computing program must enable students to attain the ability to analyze a problem, design and evaluate a solution, and work effectively on teams to…

Trajectories for Locomotion Systems: A Geometric and Computational Approach via Series Expansions

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-10-11

speed controller. The model is endowed with a 100 count per revolution optical encoder for odometry. (2) On-board computation is performed by a single...switching networks,” Automatica, July 2003. Submitted. [17] K. M. Passino, Biomimicry for Optimization, Control, and Automation. New York: Springer

76 FR 27274 - Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement; Rules of the Armed Services Board of Contract...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-11

... 23 Post-Hearing Briefs Rule 24 Transcript of Proceedings Rule 25 Withdrawal of Exhibits... from Court TIME, COMPUTATION, AND EXTENSIONS Rule 33 Time, Computation and Extensions EX PARTE COMMUNICATIONS Rule 34 Ex parte Communications SANCTIONS Rule 35 Sanctions EFFECTIVE DATE AND APPLICABILITY Rule...

Multichannel Phase and Power Detector

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Li, Samuel; Lux, James; McMaster, Robert; Boas, Amy

2006-01-01

An electronic signal-processing system determines the phases of input signals arriving in multiple channels, relative to the phase of a reference signal with which the input signals are known to be coherent in both phase and frequency. The system also gives an estimate of the power levels of the input signals. A prototype of the system has four input channels that handle signals at a frequency of 9.5 MHz, but the basic principles of design and operation are extensible to other signal frequencies and greater numbers of channels. The prototype system consists mostly of three parts: An analog-to-digital-converter (ADC) board, which coherently digitizes the input signals in synchronism with the reference signal and performs some simple processing; A digital signal processor (DSP) in the form of a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) board, which performs most of the phase- and power-measurement computations on the digital samples generated by the ADC board; and A carrier board, which allows a personal computer to retrieve the phase and power data. The DSP contains four independent phase-only tracking loops, each of which tracks the phase of one of the preprocessed input signals relative to that of the reference signal (see figure). The phase values computed by these loops are averaged over intervals, the length of which is chosen to obtain output from the DSP at a desired rate. In addition, a simple sum of squares is computed for each channel as an estimate of the power of the signal in that channel. The relative phases and the power level estimates computed by the DSP could be used for diverse purposes in different settings. For example, if the input signals come from different elements of a phased-array antenna, the phases could be used as indications of the direction of arrival of a received signal and/or as feedback for electronic or mechanical beam steering. The power levels could be used as feedback for automatic gain control in preprocessing of incoming signals. For another example, the system could be used to measure the phases and power levels of outputs of multiple power amplifiers to enable adjustment of the amplifiers for optimal power combining.

Learning experiences of science teachers in a computer-mediated communication context

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chung, Chia-Jung

The use of computer-mediated-communication (CMC) has been applied increasingly in staff development efforts for teachers. Many teacher education programs are looking to CMC, particularly computer conferencing systems, as an effective and low-cost medium for the delivery of teacher educational programs anytime, anywhere. Based on constructivist learning theories, this study focused on examining the use of an online discussion board in a graduate course as a place where forty-six inservice teachers shared experiences and ideas. Data collection focused on online discussion transcripts of all the messages from three separate weeks, and supplemented by interviews and teacher self-evaluation reports. The nature and development of the discussions were studied over one semester by analyzing teacher online discussions in two domains: critical reflections and social-interpersonal rapport. In effect, this study provided insights into how to employ computer conferencing technology in facilitating inservice teachers' teaching practices and their professional development. Major findings include: (1) Participation: The level of participation varied during the semester but was higher at the beginning of the semester and lower at the end of the semester. (2) Critical Reflection: Teachers' critical reflection developed over time as a result of the online discussion board according to mean critical thinking scores during the three selected weeks. Cognitive presence was found mostly in focused discussion forums and social presence mainly existed in the unfocused discussion forums. (3) Social-Interpersonal Rapport: The number of social cues in the messages increased initially but declined significantly over time. When teachers focused more on on-task discussions or critical reflection, there was less social conversation. (4) Teaching Practices and Professional Development: The researcher, the instructor, and teachers identified some advantages for using computer conferencing for improving teaching practices and for professional development. The results of this study suggest that applying computer-mediated communication in teacher education would impact positively on teachers' growth in critical reflection and social-interpersonal rapport. Furthermore, this study may encourage other researchers to use cognitive and social learning theories as the theoretical backgrounds for developing teacher educational models by applying computer conferencing.

Knowledge representation by connection matrices: A method for the on-board implementation of large expert systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kellner, A.

1987-01-01

Extremely large knowledge sources and efficient knowledge access characterizing future real-life artificial intelligence applications represent crucial requirements for on-board artificial intelligence systems due to obvious computer time and storage constraints on spacecraft. A type of knowledge representation and corresponding reasoning mechanism is proposed which is particularly suited for the efficient processing of such large knowledge bases in expert systems.

View northeast of model board representing northern portion of trackage ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

View northeast of model board representing northern portion of trackage monitored by the Philadelphia poer directors center; free-standing cabinet at far right center of photograph is an early computer which supplanted operator control from Lamokin Tower in the 1980's; switchboard console #1 for controlling indicating lights is at lower right - Thirtieth Street Station, Power Director Center, Thirtieth & Market Streets in Amtrak Railroad Station, Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, PA

SpaceCube v2.0 Space Flight Hybrid Reconfigurable Data Processing System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Petrick, Dave

2014-01-01

This paper details the design architecture, design methodology, and the advantages of the SpaceCube v2.0 high performance data processing system for space applications. The purpose in building the SpaceCube v2.0 system is to create a superior high performance, reconfigurable, hybrid data processing system that can be used in a multitude of applications including those that require a radiation hardened and reliable solution. The SpaceCube v2.0 system leverages seven years of board design, avionics systems design, and space flight application experiences. This paper shows how SpaceCube v2.0 solves the increasing computing demands of space data processing applications that cannot be attained with a standalone processor approach.The main objective during the design stage is to find a good system balance between power, size, reliability, cost, and data processing capability. These design variables directly impact each other, and it is important to understand how to achieve a suitable balance. This paper will detail how these critical design factors were managed including the construction of an Engineering Model for an experiment on the International Space Station to test out design concepts. We will describe the designs for the processor card, power card, backplane, and a mission unique interface card. The mechanical design for the box will also be detailed since it is critical in meeting the stringent thermal and structural requirements imposed by the processing system. In addition, the mechanical design uses advanced thermal conduction techniques to solve the internal thermal challenges.The SpaceCube v2.0 processing system is based on an extended version of the 3U cPCI standard form factor where each card is 190mm x 100mm in size The typical power draw of the processor card is 8 to 10W and scales with application complexity. The SpaceCube v2.0 data processing card features two Xilinx Virtex-5 QV Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), eight memory modules, a monitor FPGA with analog monitoring, Ethernet, configurable interconnect to the Xilinx FPGAs including gigabit transceivers, and the necessary voltage regulation. The processor board uses a back-to-back design methodology for common parts that maximizes the board real estate available. This paper will show how to meet the IPC 6012B Class 3A standard with a 22-layer board that has two column grid array devices with 1.0mm pitch. All layout trades such as stack-up options, via selection, and FPGA signal breakout will be discussed with feature size results. The overall board design process will be discussed including parts selection, circuit design, proper signal termination, layout placement and route planning, signal integrity design and verification, and power integrity results. The radiation mitigation techniques will also be detailed including configuration scrubbing options, Xilinx circuit mitigation and FPGA functional monitoring, and memory protection.Finally, this paper will describe how this system is being used to solve the extreme challenges of a robotic satellite servicing mission where typical space-rated processors are not sufficient enough to meet the intensive data processing requirements. The SpaceCube v2.0 is the main payload control computer and is required to control critical subsystems such as autonomous rendezvous and docking using a suite of vision sensors and object avoidance when controlling two robotic arms.

3 Ways that Web-Based Computing Will Change Colleges--And Challenge Them

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Young, Jeffrey R.

2008-01-01

Cloud computing, one of the latest technology buzzwords, is so hard to explain that Google drove a bus from campus to campus to walk students through the company's vision of it. After students sat through a demo at computers set up nearby, they boarded the bus and got free T-shirts. The bus only stopped at colleges that had already agreed to hand…

Computer simulation of space station computer steered high gain antenna

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Beach, S. W.

1973-01-01

The mathematical modeling and programming of a complete simulation program for a space station computer-steered high gain antenna are described. The program provides for reading input data cards, numerically integrating up to 50 first order differential equations, and monitoring up to 48 variables on printed output and on plots. The program system consists of a high gain antenna, an antenna gimbal control system, an on board computer, and the environment in which all are to operate.

Design of a highly parallel board-level-interconnection with 320 Gbps capacity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lohmann, U.; Jahns, J.; Limmer, S.; Fey, D.; Bauer, H.

2012-01-01

A parallel board-level interconnection design is presented consisting of 32 channels, each operating at 10 Gbps. The hardware uses available optoelectronic components (VCSEL, TIA, pin-diodes) and a combination of planarintegrated free-space optics, fiber-bundles and available MEMS-components, like the DMD™ from Texas Instruments. As a specific feature, we present a new modular inter-board interconnect, realized by 3D fiber-matrix connectors. The performance of the interconnect is evaluated with regard to optical properties and power consumption. Finally, we discuss the application of the interconnect for strongly distributed system architectures, as, for example, in high performance embedded computing systems and data centers.

National resource for computation in chemistry, phase I: evaluation and recommendations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1980-05-01

The National Resource for Computation in Chemistry (NRCC) was inaugurated at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) in October 1977, with joint funding by the Department of Energy (DOE) and the National Science Foundation (NSF). The chief activities of the NRCC include: assembling a staff of eight postdoctoral computational chemists, establishing an office complex at LBL, purchasing a midi-computer and graphics display system, administering grants of computer time, conducting nine workshops in selected areas of computational chemistry, compiling a library of computer programs with adaptations and improvements, initiating a software distribution system, providing user assistance and consultation on request. This reportmore » presents assessments and recommendations of an Ad Hoc Review Committee appointed by the DOE and NSF in January 1980. The recommendations are that NRCC should: (1) not fund grants for computing time or research but leave that to the relevant agencies, (2) continue the Workshop Program in a mode similar to Phase I, (3) abandon in-house program development and establish instead a competitive external postdoctoral program in chemistry software development administered by the Policy Board and Director, and (4) not attempt a software distribution system (leaving that function to the QCPE). Furthermore, (5) DOE should continue to make its computational facilities available to outside users (at normal cost rates) and should find some way to allow the chemical community to gain occasional access to a CRAY-level computer.« less

Association between the Presence of Apical Periodontitis and Clinical Symptoms in Endodontic Patients Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography and Periapical Radiographs.

PubMed

Weissman, Jake; Johnson, James D; Anderson, Melissa; Hollender, Lars; Huson, Tim; Paranjpe, Avina; Patel, Shanon; Cohenca, Nestor

2015-11-01

Cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging is a valuable adjunct to endodontic practice. Among the endodontic applications of CBCT imaging, it aids in the diagnosis of apical periodontitis, often in cases in which there is no evidence of pathosis identified by conventional imaging. The purpose of this study was to correlate the presence of apical periodontitis of teeth evaluated with 2-dimensional periapical (PA) radiographs and 3-dimensional CBCT volumes with clinical signs and symptoms. Clinical records were reviewed from patients examined at the graduate endodontics clinic. The examination included clinical examination, sensibility tests, PA radiographs, and limited field-of-view CBCT scans. Of 498 cases, 67 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were evaluated for apical periodontitis and symptomology. CBCT slices and PA radiographs were evaluated by 2 board-certified endodontists and a board-certified oral and maxillofacial radiologist for the presence of apical periodontitis. Thirty eight of 67 teeth showed the presence of apical radiolucencies on PA radiographs and on CBCT imaging, whereas 14 teeth had no evidence of apical radiolucencies on either imaging modality. Fifteen cases showed the presence of apical radiolucencies visible on CBCT imaging that were not visible on PA radiographic images. The presence of apical radiolucencies on CBCT slices and PA radiographic images was correlated with clinical signs and symptoms, including the chief complaint. This research has important implications to prevent overexposure to radiation and to provide treatment for those patients with persistent symptoms lacking proper diagnosis based on conventional (2D) radiographs. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Inc.

12 CFR 906.12 - What outreach efforts are included in this program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... program? The Finance Board's outreach program includes the following: (a) Identifying businesses...) Advertising contracting opportunities with the Finance Board through media targeted to reach businesses... program? 906.12 Section 906.12 Banks and Banking FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE BOARD FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE...

Four-Channel PC/104 MIL-STD-1553 Circuit Board

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cox, Gary L.

2004-01-01

The mini bus interface card (miniBIC) is the first four-channel electronic circuit board that conforms to MIL-STD-1553 and to the electrical-footprint portion of PC/104. [MIL-STD-1553 is a military standard that encompasses a method of communication and electrical- interface requirements for digital electronic subsystems connected to a data bus. PC/104 is an industry standard for compact, stackable modules that are fully compatible (in architecture, hardware, and software) with personal-computer data- and power-bus circuitry.] Prior to the development of the miniBIC, only one- and two-channel PC/104 MIL-STD-1553 boards were available. To obtain four channels, it was necessary to include at least two boards in a PC/104 stack. In comparison with such a two-board stack, the miniBIC takes up less space, consumes less power, and is more reliable. In addition, the miniBIC includes 32 digital input/output channels. The miniBIC (see figure) contains four MIL-STD-1553B hybrid integrated circuits (ICs), four transformers, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) interface. Each hybrid IC includes a MILSTD-1553 dual transceiver, memory-management circuitry, processor interface logic circuitry, and 64Kx16 bits of shared static random access memory. The memory is used to configure message and data blocks. In addition, 23 16-bit registers are available for (1) configuring the hybrid IC for, and starting it in, various modes of operation; (2) reading the status of the functionality of the hybrid IC; and (3) resetting the hybrid IC to a known state. The miniBIC can operate as a remote terminal, bus controller, or bus monitor. The FPGA provides the chip-select and data-strobe signals needed for operation of the hybrid ICs. The FPGA also receives interruption signals and forwards them to the ISA bus. The ISA interface connects the address, data, and control interfaces of the hybrid ICs to the ISA backplane. Each channel is, in effect, a MIL-STD-1553 interface that can operate either independently of the others or else as a redundant version of one of the others. The transformer in each channel provides electrical isolation between the rest of the miniBIC circuitry and the bus to which that channel is connected.

20 CFR 200.3 - Obtaining forms from the Railroad Retirement Board.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Obtaining forms from the Railroad Retirement Board. 200.3 Section 200.3 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD GENERAL ADMINISTRATION GENERAL ADMINISTRATION § 200.3 Obtaining forms from the Railroad Retirement Board. Forms used by the Board, including...

75 FR 67454 - Notice of Sunshine Act Meeting; Meeting No. 10-05

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-02

... Business Approval of minutes of August 20, 2010, Board Meeting. New Business 1. Welcome. 2. President's Report. 3. Chairman's Report. A. Board Governance matters, including the creation of the TVA Board... comments to: TVA Board of Directors, Board Agenda Comments, 400 West Summit Hill Drive, Knoxville...

49 CFR 1011.3 - The Chairman, Vice Chairman, and Board Member.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... the executive head of the Board and has general responsibilities for: (i) The overall management and functioning of the Board; (ii) The formulation of plans and policies designed to assure the effective... the Board exercises the executive and administrative functions of the Board, including: (i) The...

Results of a National Survey of Theological School Board Characteristics, Policies, and Practices. AGB Occasional Paper No. 23.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schwartz, Merrill P.

1994-01-01

This survey of theological schools collected information on institutional type, board membership, board organization, governing board-president relationships, pressing issues, board development activities, and relationships with other theological schools. The survey population included 161 member institutions of the Association of Theological…

PC-SEAPAK - ANALYSIS OF COASTAL ZONE COLOR SCANNER AND ADVANCED VERY HIGH RESOLUTION RADIOMETER DATA

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcclain, C. R.

1994-01-01

PC-SEAPAK is a user-interactive satellite data analysis software package specifically developed for oceanographic research. The program is used to process and interpret data obtained from the Nimbus-7/Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS), and the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR). PC-SEAPAK is a set of independent microcomputer-based image analysis programs that provide the user with a flexible, user-friendly, standardized interface, and facilitates relatively low-cost analysis of oceanographic satellite data. Version 4.0 includes 114 programs. PC-SEAPAK programs are organized into categories which include CZCS and AVHRR level-1 ingest, level-2 analyses, statistical analyses, data extraction, remapping to standard projections, graphics manipulation, image board memory manipulation, hardcopy output support and general utilities. Most programs allow user interaction through menu and command modes and also by the use of a mouse. Most programs also provide for ASCII file generation for further analysis in spreadsheets, graphics packages, etc. The CZCS scanning radiometer aboard the NIMBUS-7 satellite was designed to measure the concentration of photosynthetic pigments and their degradation products in the ocean. AVHRR data is used to compute sea surface temperatures and is supported for the NOAA 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 satellites. The CZCS operated from November 1978 to June 1986. CZCS data may be obtained free of charge from the CZCS archive at NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. AVHRR data may be purchased through NOAA's Satellite Data Service Division. Ordering information is included in the PC-SEAPAK documentation. Although PC-SEAPAK was developed on a COMPAQ Deskpro 386/20, it can be run on most 386-compatible computers with an AT bus, EGA controller, Intel 80387 coprocessor, and MS-DOS 3.3 or higher. A Matrox MVP-AT image board with appropriate monitor and cables is also required. Note that the authors have received some reports of incompatibilities between the MVP-AT image board and ZENITH computers. Also, the MVP-AT image board is not necessarily compatible with 486-based systems; users of 486-based systems should consult with Matrox about compatibility concerns. Other PC-SEAPAK requirements include a Microsoft mouse (serial version), 2Mb RAM, and 100Mb hard disk space. For data ingest and backup, 9-track tape, 8mm tape and optical disks are supported and recommended. PC-SEAPAK has been under development since 1988. Version 4.0 was updated in 1992, and is distributed without source code. It is available only as a set of 36 1.2Mb 5.25 inch IBM MS-DOS format diskettes. PC-SEAPAK is a copyrighted product with all copyright vested in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Phar Lap's DOS_Extender run-time version is integrated into several of the programs; therefore, the PC-SEAPAK programs may not be duplicated. Three of the distribution diskettes contain DOS_Extender files. One of the distribution diskettes contains Media Cybernetics' HALO88 font files, also licensed by NASA for dissemination but not duplication. IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines. MS-DOS is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. HALO88 is a registered trademark of Media Cybernetics, but the product was discontinued in 1991.

Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) data storage and analysis using a microcomputer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Massey, D. E.

1986-01-01

A PCM storage device/data analyzer is described. This instrument is a peripheral plug-in board especially built to enable a personal computer to store and analyze data from a PCM source. This board and custom written software turns a computer into a snapshot PCM decommutator. This instrument will take in and store many hundreds or thousands of PCM telemetry data frames, then sift through them over and over again. The data can be converted to any number base and displayed, examined for any bit dropouts or changes in particular words or frames, graphically plotted, or statistically analyzed. This device was designed and built for use on the NASA Sounding Rocket Program for PCM encoder configuration and testing.

Special-purpose computer for holography HORN-4 with recurrence algorithm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shimobaba, Tomoyoshi; Hishinuma, Sinsuke; Ito, Tomoyoshi

2002-10-01

We designed and built a special-purpose computer for holography, HORN-4 (HOlographic ReconstructioN) using PLD (Programmable Logic Device) technology. HORN computers have a pipeline architecture. We use HORN-4 as an attached processor to enhance the performance of a general-purpose computer when it is used to generate holograms using a "recurrence formulas" algorithm developed by our previous paper. In the HORN-4 system, we designed the pipeline by adopting our "recurrence formulas" algorithm which can calculate the phase on a hologram. As the result, we could integrate the pipeline composed of 21 units into one PLD chip. The units in the pipeline consists of one BPU (Basic Phase Unit) unit and twenty CU (Cascade Unit) units. These CU units can compute twenty light intensities on a hologram plane at one time. By mounting two of the PLD chips on a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) universal board, HORN-4 can calculate holograms at high speed of about 42 Gflops equivalent. The cost of HORN-4 board is about 1700 US dollar. We could obtain 800×600 grids hologram from a 3D-image composed of 415 points in about 0.45 sec with the HORN-4 system.

An FTIR point sensor for identifying chemical WMD and hazardous materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Norman, Mark L.; Gagnon, Aaron M.; Reffner, John A.; Schiering, David W.; Allen, Jeffrey D.

2004-03-01

A new point sensor for identifying chemical weapons of mass destruction and other hazardous materials based on Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is presented. The sensor is a portable, fully functional FT-IR system that features a miniaturized Michelson interferometer, an integrated diamond attenuated total reflection (ATR) sample interface, and an embedded on-board computer. Samples are identified by an automated search algorithm that compares their infrared spectra to digitized databases that include reference spectra of nerve and blister agents, toxic industrial chemicals, and other hazardous materials. The hardware and software are designed for use by technicians with no background in infrared spectroscopy. The unit, which is fully self-contained, can be hand-carried and used in a hot zone by personnel in Level A protective gear, and subsequently decontaminated by spraying or immersion. Wireless control by a remote computer is also possible. Details of the system design and performance, including results of field validation tests, are discussed.

A trajectory planning scheme for spacecraft in the space station environment. M.S. Thesis - University of California

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Soller, Jeffrey Alan; Grunwald, Arthur J.; Ellis, Stephen R.

1991-01-01

Simulated annealing is used to solve a minimum fuel trajectory problem in the space station environment. The environment is special because the space station will define a multivehicle environment in space. The optimization surface is a complex nonlinear function of the initial conditions of the chase and target crafts. Small permutations in the input conditions can result in abrupt changes to the optimization surface. Since no prior knowledge about the number or location of local minima on the surface is available, the optimization must be capable of functioning on a multimodal surface. It was reported in the literature that the simulated annealing algorithm is more effective on such surfaces than descent techniques using random starting points. The simulated annealing optimization was found to be capable of identifying a minimum fuel, two-burn trajectory subject to four constraints which are integrated into the optimization using a barrier method. The computations required to solve the optimization are fast enough that missions could be planned on board the space station. Potential applications for on board planning of missions are numerous. Future research topics may include optimal planning of multi-waypoint maneuvers using a knowledge base to guide the optimization, and a study aimed at developing robust annealing schedules for potential on board missions.

Space shuttle main engine controller assembly, phase C-D. [with lagging system design and analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1973-01-01

System design and system analysis and simulation are slightly behind schedule, while design verification testing has improved. Input/output circuit design has improved, but digital computer unit (DCU) and mechanical design continue to lag. Part procurement was impacted by delays in printed circuit board, assembly drawing releases. These are the result of problems in generating suitable printed circuit artwork for the very complex and high density multilayer boards.

No. 1 and No. 2 Common red oak yields: similar part sizes when gang-ripping is used to process boards with crook

Treesearch

Charles J. Gatchell; Charles J. Gatchell

1990-01-01

Computer simulation was used to gang rip No. 1 and No. 2 Common red oak boards before and after removal of crook. While No. 1 Common produced slightly more total yield, the part yields were very similar. No. 1 Common was superior only in yielding 75-inch-long pieces. Either grade is an excellent choice for the furniture and cabinet industries.

CHIME (College of Healthcare Information Management Executives) board members 'tell Hillary' goals for healthcare I/S. Interview by Carolyn Dunbar.

PubMed

Reed, W C; Mazzuckelli, K; Tucker, D H

1993-04-01

At press time, the details of the Clinton administration's healthcare reform package were not yet public. Some information has been leaked, however, fueling speculation about the plan's exact points. Computers in Healthcare asked three board members of the College of Healthcare Information Management Executives what they thought the Clinton healthcare team should know about the information piece of the puzzle.

An Artificial Neural System for Autonomous Undersea Vehicles

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-07-01

Neutralization System (MNS) have provided remote operation capability, but suffer from the drag and short range of an umbilical cable. On-board energy ...link altogether. The loss of the hard wire umbilical cables in these two later systems, however, forced the vehicles to carry their own energy supply...submersibles. One is an energy source or renewal strategy that will sustain long-term voyages; the other is an effec- tive on-board computer that will

Advanced Hybrid On-Board Science Data Processor - SpaceCube 2.0

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Flatley, Tom

2010-01-01

Topics include an overview of On-board science data processing, software upset mitigation, on-board data reduction, on-board products, HyspIRI demonstration testbed, SpaceCube 2.0 block diagram, and processor comparison.

Energy Edge Post-Occupancy Evaluation Project: The Eugene Water and Electric Board Building (EWEB) Eugene, Oregon

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1990-06-01

The Workspace Satisfaction Survey measures occupant satisfaction with the thermal, lighting, acoustical, and air quality aspects of the work environment. In addition to ratings of these ambient environmental features, occupants also rate their satisfaction with a number of functional and aesthetic features of the office environment as well as their satisfaction with specific kinds of workspaces (e.g., computer rooms, the lobby, employee lounge, etc.) Each section on ambient conditions includes questions on the frequency with which people experience particular kinds of discomforts or problems, how much the discomfort bothers them, and how much it interferes with their work. Occupants aremore » also asked to identify how they cope with discomfort or environmental problems, and to what extent these behaviors enable them to achieve more satisfactory conditions. Results of this survey of occupants of the four story Eugene Water Electric Boards (EWEB) main office building on the banks of the Wilamette River in Eugene, Oregon are the subject of this report.« less

On-board Data Mining

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tanner, Steve; Stein, Cara; Graves, Sara J.

Networks of remote sensors are becoming more common as technology improves and costs decline. In the past, a remote sensor was usually a device that collected data to be retrieved at a later time by some other mechanism. This collected data were usually processed well after the fact at a computer greatly removed from the in situ sensing location. This has begun to change as sensor technology, on-board processing, and network communication capabilities have increased and their prices have dropped. There has been an explosion in the number of sensors and sensing devices, not just around the world, but literally throughout the solar system. These sensors are not only becoming vastly more sophisticated, accurate, and detailed in the data they gather but they are also becoming cheaper, lighter, and smaller. At the same time, engineers have developed improved methods to embed computing systems, memory, storage, and communication capabilities into the platforms that host these sensors. Now, it is not unusual to see large networks of sensors working in cooperation with one another. Nor does it seem strange to see the autonomous operation of sensorbased systems, from space-based satellites to smart vacuum cleaners that keep our homes clean and robotic toys that help to entertain and educate our children. But access to sensor data and computing power is only part of the story. For all the power of these systems, there are still substantial limits to what they can accomplish. These include the well-known limits to current Artificial Intelligence capabilities and our limited ability to program the abstract concepts, goals, and improvisation needed for fully autonomous systems. But it also includes much more basic engineering problems such as lack of adequate power, communications bandwidth, and memory, as well as problems with the geolocation and real-time georeferencing required to integrate data from multiple sensors to be used together.

F-8 DFBW on-board electronics

NASA Image and Video Library

1971-07-18

The Apollo hardware jammed into the F-8C. The computer is partially visible in the avionics bay at the top of the fuselage behind the cockpit. Note the display and keyboard unit in the gun bay. To carry the computers and other equipment, the F-8 DFBW team removed the aircraft's guns and ammunition boxes.

20 CFR 234.20 - Computation of the employee's 1937 Act LSDP basic amount.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... compensation and section 209 of the Social Security Act for a definition of creditable wages.) Closing date... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Computation of the employee's 1937 Act LSDP basic amount. 234.20 Section 234.20 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE...

A PERT/CPM of the Computer Assisted Completion of The Ministry September Report. Research Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Feeney, J. D.

Using two statistical analysis techniques (the Program Evaluation and Review Technique and the Critical Path Method), this study analyzed procedures for compiling the required yearly report of the Metropolitan Separate School Board (Catholic) of Toronto, Canada. The computer-assisted analysis organized the process of completing the report more…

The Benefits & Drawbacks of Integrating Cloud Computing and Interactive Whiteboards in Teacher Preparation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blue, Elfreda; Tirotta, Rose

2011-01-01

Twenty-first century technology has changed the way tools are used to support and enhance learning and instruction. Cloud computing and interactive white boards, make it possible for learners to interact, simulate, collaborate, and document learning experiences and real world problem-solving. This article discusses how various technologies (blogs,…

Structural Reproduction of Social Networks in Computer-Mediated Communication Forums

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stefanone, M. A.; Gay, G.

2008-01-01

This study explores the relationship between the structure of an existing social network and the structure of an emergent discussion-board network in an undergraduate university class. Thirty-one students were issued with laptop computers that remained in their possession for the duration of the semester. While using these machines, participants'…

Ability Online: Promoting Social Competence and Computer Literacy in Adolescents with Disabilities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lefebvre, Arlette

1992-01-01

Ability OnLine is a pilot electronic mail project designed to foster the self-esteem, social integration, and computer literacy of Canadian children and teens with disabilities. It is offered to both disabled and nondisabled students and their families on a Toronto, Ontario, private bulletin board system. (JDD)

Using an Electronic Bulletin Board in Science Teacher Education: Issues and Trade-Offs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burkett, Ruth S.; Leard, Cynthia; Spector, Barbara S.

2004-01-01

University professors increasingly are expected to infuse computer technology in teaching. Many universities are aggressively promoting the delivery of entire courses and programs using computers and the Internet as vehicles for instruction. There is also a movement to align university teaching with the national standards for K-12 teaching.…

Interactive Whiteboards and Implications for Use in Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gibson, Danita C.

2013-01-01

Interactive whiteboards (IWBs) have increasingly become a technology tool used in the educational field. IWBs are touch-sensitive screens that work in conjunction with a computer and a projector, and which are used to display information from a computer. As a qualitative case study, this study investigated the SMART Board-infused instructional…

Easy-to-Implement Project Integrates Basic Electronics and Computer Programming

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Richard; Shackelford, Ray

2008-01-01

The activities described in this article give students excellent experience with both computer programming and basic electronics. During the activities, students will work in small groups, using a BASIC Stamp development board to fabricate digital circuits and PBASIC to write program code that will control the circuits they have built. The…

Online help: cancer patients participate in a computer-mediated support group.

PubMed

Weinberg, N; Schmale, J; Uken, J; Wessel, K

1996-02-01

This study investigated a computer mediated support group of six breast cancer patients. For a three-month period, patients used home computers to connect to a computer bulletin board on which they read messages from and posted messages to each other. The patients had no difficulty learning to use the computer and used it an average of one hour a week. The patients discussed their medical conditions, shared personal concerns, and offered support. This online approach provided many features of traditional face-to-face support groups.

40 CFR 86.004-16 - Prohibition of defeat devices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... information which the Administrator may request to be submitted) regarding test programs, engineering evaluations, design specifications, calibrations, on-board computer algorithms, and design strategies...

40 CFR 86.004-16 - Prohibition of defeat devices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... information which the Administrator may request to be submitted) regarding test programs, engineering evaluations, design specifications, calibrations, on-board computer algorithms, and design strategies...

40 CFR 86.004-16 - Prohibition of defeat devices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... information which the Administrator may request to be submitted) regarding test programs, engineering evaluations, design specifications, calibrations, on-board computer algorithms, and design strategies...

Radiation Tolerant, FPGA-Based SmallSat Computer System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

LaMeres, Brock J.; Crum, Gary A.; Martinez, Andres; Petro, Andrew

2015-01-01

The Radiation Tolerant, FPGA-based SmallSat Computer System (RadSat) computing platform exploits a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) with real-time partial reconfiguration to provide increased performance, power efficiency and radiation tolerance at a fraction of the cost of existing radiation hardened computing solutions. This technology is ideal for small spacecraft that require state-of-the-art on-board processing in harsh radiation environments but where using radiation hardened processors is cost prohibitive.

Hollow glass for insulating layers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Merticaru, Andreea R.; Moagar-Poladian, Gabriel

1999-03-01

Common porous materials, some of which will be considered in the chapters of this book, include concrete, paper, ceramics, clays, porous semiconductors, chromotography materials, and natural materials like coral, bone, sponges, rocks and shells. Porous materials can also be reactive, such as in charcoal gasification, acid rock dissolution, catalyst deactivation and concrete. This study continues the investigations about the properties of, so-called, hollow glass. In this paper is presented a computer simulation approach in which the thermo-mechanical behavior of a 3D microstructure is directly computed. In this paper a computer modeling approach of porous glass is presented. One way to test the accuracy of the reconstructed microstructures is to computed their physical properties and compare to experimental measurement on equivalent systems. In this view, we imagine a new type of porous type of glass designed as buffer layer in multilayered printed boards in ICs. Our glass is a variable material with a variable pore size and surface area. The porosity could be tailored early from the deposition phases that permitting us to keep in a reasonable balance the dielectric constant and thermal conductivity.

77 FR 7236 - Information Collection Activities

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-10

... persons may seek to preserve rail service by filing with the Board: an offer of financial assistance (OFA...), including a request for the Board to set terms and conditions of the financial assistance; a request for a... information is necessary for the proper performance of the functions of the Board, including whether the...

The Meaning of Reflective Teaching to National Board Certified Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carey, Sharlotte F.

2017-01-01

This qualitative study examined how National Board certified teachers (NBCTs) perceive the meaning of reflective teaching and how their perceptions compare to the literature on reflective thinking and teaching. The study included five participants who had completed the National Board certification process. Data collection included three…

77 FR 48755 - Office Patent Trial Practice Guide

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-14

... Trial and Appeal Board (Board) including inter partes review, post-grant review, the transitional... proceedings. DATES: Effective Date: This practice guide applies to inter partes review, post-grant review, and... proceedings to be conducted by the Board including: (1) Inter partes review (IPR); (2) post-grant review (PGR...

A Digital Motion Control System for Large Telescopes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hunter, T. R.; Wilson, R. W.; Kimberk, R.; Leiker, P. S.

2001-05-01

We have designed and programmed a digital motion control system for large telescopes, in particular, the 6-meter antennas of the Submillimeter Array on Mauna Kea. The system consists of a single robust, high-reliability microcontroller board which implements a two-axis velocity servo while monitoring and responding to critical safety parameters. Excellent tracking performance has been achieved with this system (0.3 arcsecond RMS at sidereal rate). The 24x24 centimeter four-layer printed circuit board contains a multitude of hardware devices: 40 digital inputs (for limit switches and fault indicators), 32 digital outputs (to enable/disable motor amplifiers and brakes), a quad 22-bit ADC (to read the motor tachometers), four 16-bit DACs (that provide torque signals to the motor amplifiers), a 32-LED status panel, a serial port to the LynxOS PowerPC antenna computer (RS422/460kbps), a serial port to the Palm Vx handpaddle (RS232/115kbps), and serial links to the low-resolution absolute encoders on the azimuth and elevation axes. Each section of the board employs independent ground planes and power supplies, with optical isolation on all I/O channels. The processor is an Intel 80C196KC 16-bit microcontroller running at 20MHz on an 8-bit bus. This processor executes an interrupt-driven, scheduler-based software system written in C and assembled into an EPROM with user-accessible variables stored in NVSRAM. Under normal operation, velocity update requests arrive at 100Hz from the position-loop servo process running independently on the antenna computer. A variety of telescope safety checks are performed at 279Hz including routine servicing of a 6 millisecond watchdog timer. Additional ADCs onboard the microcontroller monitor the winding temperature and current in the brushless three-phase drive motors. The PID servo gains can be dynamically changed in software. Calibration factors and software filters can be applied to the tachometer readings prior to the application of the servo gains in the torque computations. The Palm pilot handpaddle displays the complete status of the telescope and allows full local control of the drives in an intuitive, touchscreen user interface which is especially useful during reconfigurations of the antenna array.