36 CFR 79.4 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... or use of man-made or natural materials (such as slag, dumps, cores and debitage); (v) Organic..., laboratory reports, computer cards and tapes, computer disks and diskettes, printouts of computerized data...

36 CFR 79.4 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... or use of man-made or natural materials (such as slag, dumps, cores and debitage); (v) Organic..., laboratory reports, computer cards and tapes, computer disks and diskettes, printouts of computerized data...

36 CFR 79.4 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... or use of man-made or natural materials (such as slag, dumps, cores and debitage); (v) Organic..., laboratory reports, computer cards and tapes, computer disks and diskettes, printouts of computerized data...

Digital Audio Tape: Yet Another Archival Media?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vanker, Anthony D.

1989-01-01

Provides an introduction to the technical aspects of digital audiotape and compares it to other computer storage devices such as optical data disks and magnetic tape cartridges in terms of capacity, transfer rate, and cost. The current development of digital audiotape standards is also discussed. (five references) (CLB)

A Home Computer Primer.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stone, Antonia

1982-01-01

Provides general information on currently available microcomputers, computer programs (software), hardware requirements, software sources, costs, computer games, and programing. Includes a list of popular microcomputers, providing price category, model, list price, software (cassette, tape, disk), monitor specifications, amount of random access…

32 CFR 2402.4 - Procedure for requesting records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Procedure for requesting records. 2402.4 Section 2402.4 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY... can be downloaded or transferred intact to a floppy disk, computer disk (CD), tape, or other...

Influence of technology on magnetic tape storage device characteristics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gniewek, John J.; Vogel, Stephen M.

1994-01-01

There are available today many data storage devices that serve the diverse application requirements of the consumer, professional entertainment, and computer data processing industries. Storage technologies include semiconductors, several varieties of optical disk, optical tape, magnetic disk, and many varieties of magnetic tape. In some cases, devices are developed with specific characteristics to meet specification requirements. In other cases, an existing storage device is modified and adapted to a different application. For magnetic tape storage devices, examples of the former case are 3480/3490 and QIC device types developed for the high end and low end segments of the data processing industry respectively, VHS, Beta, and 8 mm formats developed for consumer video applications, and D-1, D-2, D-3 formats developed for professional video applications. Examples of modified and adapted devices include 4 mm, 8 mm, 12.7 mm and 19 mm computer data storage devices derived from consumer and professional audio and video applications. With the conversion of the consumer and professional entertainment industries from analog to digital storage and signal processing, there have been increasing references to the 'convergence' of the computer data processing and entertainment industry technologies. There has yet to be seen, however, any evidence of convergence of data storage device types. There are several reasons for this. The diversity of application requirements results in varying degrees of importance for each of the tape storage characteristics.

40 CFR 63.1355 - Recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants From the Portland Cement Manufacturing Industry Notification... on microfilm, on a computer, on floppy disks, on magnetic tape, or on microfiche. (b) The owner or...

MIDAS - ESO's new image processing system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Banse, K.; Crane, P.; Grosbol, P.; Middleburg, F.; Ounnas, C.; Ponz, D.; Waldthausen, H.

1983-03-01

The Munich Image Data Analysis System (MIDAS) is an image processing system whose heart is a pair of VAX 11/780 computers linked together via DECnet. One of these computers, VAX-A, is equipped with 3.5 Mbytes of memory, 1.2 Gbytes of disk storage, and two tape drives with 800/1600 bpi density. The other computer, VAX-B, has 4.0 Mbytes of memory, 688 Mbytes of disk storage, and one tape drive with 1600/6250 bpi density. MIDAS is a command-driven system geared toward the interactive user. The type and number of parameters in a command depends on the unique parameter invoked. MIDAS is a highly modular system that provides building blocks for the undertaking of more sophisticated applications. Presently, 175 commands are available. These include the modification of the color-lookup table interactively, to enhance various image features, and the interactive extraction of subimages.

12 CFR 1703.38 - Fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... to OFHEO and upon the particular types of computer and associated equipment and the amount of time... format other than paper copy, such as in the form of computer tapes and disks, OFHEO will assess the... charge $3.00 for each certification or authentication of documents. (d) Computer searches. Services of...

The State of the Art in Information Handling. Operation PEP/Executive Information Systems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Summers, J. K.; Sullivan, J. E.

This document explains recent developments in computer science and information systems of interest to the educational manager. A brief history of computers is included, together with an examination of modern computers' capabilities. Various features of card, tape, and disk information storage systems are presented. The importance of time-sharing…

12 CFR 309.5 - Procedures for requesting records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., microfilm, audiovisual records, or machine readable records (e.g., magnetic tape or computer disk). (4... processing. A requester may contact the FOIA/PA Group to learn whether a particular request has been assigned...

12 CFR 309.5 - Procedures for requesting records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., microfilm, audiovisual records, or machine readable records (e.g., magnetic tape or computer disk). (4... processing. A requester may contact the FOIA/PA Group to learn whether a particular request has been assigned...

75 FR 54052 - Description of Office, Procedures, and Public Information

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-03

..., found at: http://www.ffiec.gov . Requests must reasonably describe the records sought. (ii) Contents of..., microfilm, audiovisual records, or machine readable records (e.g., magnetic tape or computer disk). (D...

12 CFR 309.5 - Procedures for requesting records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

..., microfilm, audiovisual records, or machine readable records (e.g., magnetic tape or computer disk). (4... processing. A requester may contact the FOIA/PA Group to learn whether a particular request has been assigned...

12 CFR 309.5 - Procedures for requesting records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

..., microfilm, audiovisual records, or machine readable records (e.g., magnetic tape or computer disk). (4... processing. A requester may contact the FOIA/PA Group to learn whether a particular request has been assigned...

12 CFR 309.5 - Procedures for requesting records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

..., microfilm, audiovisual records, or machine readable records (e.g., magnetic tape or computer disk). (4... processing. A requester may contact the FOIA/PA Group to learn whether a particular request has been assigned...

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Apyan, A.; Badillo, J.; Cruz, J. Diaz

The CMS experiment at the LHC relies on 7 Tier-1 centres of the WLCG to perform the majority of its bulk processing activity, and to archive its data. During the first run of the LHC, these two functions were tightly coupled as each Tier-1 was constrained to process only the data archived on its hierarchical storage. This lack of flexibility in the assignment of processing workflows occasionally resulted in uneven resource utilisation and in an increased latency in the delivery of the results to the physics community.The long shutdown of the LHC in 2013-2014 was an opportunity to revisit thismore » mode of operations, disentangling the processing and archive functionalities of the Tier-1 centres. The storage services at the Tier-1s were redeployed breaking the traditional hierarchical model: each site now provides a large disk storage to host input and output data for processing, and an independent tape storage used exclusively for archiving. Movement of data between the tape and disk endpoints is not automated, but triggered externally through the WLCG transfer management systems.With this new setup, CMS operations actively controls at any time which data is available on disk for processing and which data should be sent to archive. Thanks to the high-bandwidth connectivity guaranteed by the LHCOPN, input data can be freely transferred between disk endpoints as needed to take advantage of free CPU, turning the Tier-1s into a large pool of shared resources. The output data can be validated before archiving them permanently, and temporary data formats can be produced without wasting valuable tape resources. Lastly, the data hosted on disk at Tier-1s can now be made available also for user analysis since there is no risk any longer of triggering chaotic staging from tape.In this contribution, we describe the technical solutions adopted for the new disk and tape endpoints at the sites, and we report on the commissioning and scale testing of the service. We detail the procedures implemented by CMS computing operations to actively manage data on disk at Tier-1 sites, and we give examples of the benefits brought to CMS workflows by the additional flexibility of the new system.« less

19 CFR 354.5 - Report of violation and investigation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... which the data were obtained by burning or shredding of the documents or by erasing electronic memory, computer disk, or tape memory, as set forth in the administrative protective order. (5) Failure to delete...

19 CFR 354.5 - Report of violation and investigation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... which the data were obtained by burning or shredding of the documents or by erasing electronic memory, computer disk, or tape memory, as set forth in the administrative protective order. (5) Failure to delete...

Analysis of cache for streaming tape drive

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chinnaswamy, V.

1993-01-01

A tape subsystem consists of a controller and a tape drive. Tapes are used for backup, data interchange, and software distribution. The backup operation is addressed. During a backup operation, data is read from disk, processed in CPU, and then sent to tape. The processing speeds of a disk subsystem, CPU, and a tape subsystem are likely to be different. A powerful CPU can read data from a fast disk, process it, and supply the data to the tape subsystem at a faster rate than the tape subsystem can handle. On the other hand, a slow disk drive and a slow CPU may not be able to supply data fast enough to keep a tape drive busy all the time. The backup process may supply data to tape drive in bursts. Each burst may be followed by an idle period. Depending on the nature of the file distribution in the disk, the input stream to the tape subsystem may vary significantly during backup. To compensate for these differences and optimize the utilization of a tape subsystem, a cache or buffer is introduced in the tape controller. Most of the tape drives today are streaming tape drives. A streaming tape drive goes into reposition when there is no data from the controller. Once the drive goes into reposition, the controller can receive data, but it cannot supply data to the tape drive until the drive completes its reposition. A controller can also receive data from the host and send data to the tape drive at the same time. The relationship of cache size, host transfer rate, drive transfer rate, reposition, and ramp up times for optimal performance of the tape subsystem are investigated. Formulas developed will also show the advantages of cache watermarks to increase the streaming time of the tape drive, maximum loss due to insufficient cache, tradeoffs between cache and reposition times and the effectiveness of cache on a streaming tape drive due to idle times or interruptions due in host transfers. Several mathematical formulas are developed to predict the performance of the tape drive. Some examples are given illustrating the usefulness of these formulas. Finally, a summary and some conclusions are provided.

75 FR 1625 - Privacy Act of 1974; Report of Amended or Altered System; Medical, Health and Billing Records System

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-12

...., desktop, laptop, handheld or other computer types) containing protected personal identifiers or PHI is... as the National Indian Women's Resource Center, to conduct analytical and evaluation studies. 8... SYSTEM: STORAGE: File folders, ledgers, card files, microfiche, microfilm, computer tapes, disk packs...

40 CFR 63.1335 - General recordkeeping and reporting provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., on paper, microfilm, computer, floppy disk, magnetic tape, or microfiche. (2) If an owner or operator... subject to § 63.1316, § 63.1327 for batch process vents, § 63.1329 for process contact cooling towers, and...

40 CFR 63.1335 - General recordkeeping and reporting provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., on paper, microfilm, computer, floppy disk, magnetic tape, or microfiche. (2) If an owner or operator... subject to § 63.1316, § 63.1327 for batch process vents, § 63.1329 for process contact cooling towers, and...

18 CFR 3b.223 - Fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

....223 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY GENERAL RULES COLLECTION, MAINTENANCE, USE, AND DISSEMINATION OF RECORDS OF IDENTIFIABLE PERSONAL... the Commission's systems of records on magnetic tape or disks, or computer files, copies of the...

18 CFR 3b.223 - Fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

....223 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY GENERAL RULES COLLECTION, MAINTENANCE, USE, AND DISSEMINATION OF RECORDS OF IDENTIFIABLE PERSONAL... the Commission's systems of records on magnetic tape or disks, or computer files, copies of the...

18 CFR 3b.223 - Fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

....223 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY GENERAL RULES COLLECTION, MAINTENANCE, USE, AND DISSEMINATION OF RECORDS OF IDENTIFIABLE PERSONAL... the Commission's systems of records on magnetic tape or disks, or computer files, copies of the...

18 CFR 3b.223 - Fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

....223 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY GENERAL RULES COLLECTION, MAINTENANCE, USE, AND DISSEMINATION OF RECORDS OF IDENTIFIABLE PERSONAL... the Commission's systems of records on magnetic tape or disks, or computer files, copies of the...

18 CFR 3b.223 - Fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

....223 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATORY COMMISSION, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY GENERAL RULES COLLECTION, MAINTENANCE, USE, AND DISSEMINATION OF RECORDS OF IDENTIFIABLE PERSONAL... the Commission's systems of records on magnetic tape or disks, or computer files, copies of the...

Pooling the resources of the CMS Tier-1 sites

DOE PAGES

Apyan, A.; Badillo, J.; Cruz, J. Diaz; ...

2015-12-23

The CMS experiment at the LHC relies on 7 Tier-1 centres of the WLCG to perform the majority of its bulk processing activity, and to archive its data. During the first run of the LHC, these two functions were tightly coupled as each Tier-1 was constrained to process only the data archived on its hierarchical storage. This lack of flexibility in the assignment of processing workflows occasionally resulted in uneven resource utilisation and in an increased latency in the delivery of the results to the physics community.The long shutdown of the LHC in 2013-2014 was an opportunity to revisit thismore » mode of operations, disentangling the processing and archive functionalities of the Tier-1 centres. The storage services at the Tier-1s were redeployed breaking the traditional hierarchical model: each site now provides a large disk storage to host input and output data for processing, and an independent tape storage used exclusively for archiving. Movement of data between the tape and disk endpoints is not automated, but triggered externally through the WLCG transfer management systems.With this new setup, CMS operations actively controls at any time which data is available on disk for processing and which data should be sent to archive. Thanks to the high-bandwidth connectivity guaranteed by the LHCOPN, input data can be freely transferred between disk endpoints as needed to take advantage of free CPU, turning the Tier-1s into a large pool of shared resources. The output data can be validated before archiving them permanently, and temporary data formats can be produced without wasting valuable tape resources. Lastly, the data hosted on disk at Tier-1s can now be made available also for user analysis since there is no risk any longer of triggering chaotic staging from tape.In this contribution, we describe the technical solutions adopted for the new disk and tape endpoints at the sites, and we report on the commissioning and scale testing of the service. We detail the procedures implemented by CMS computing operations to actively manage data on disk at Tier-1 sites, and we give examples of the benefits brought to CMS workflows by the additional flexibility of the new system.« less

Pooling the resources of the CMS Tier-1 sites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Apyan, A.; Badillo, J.; Diaz Cruz, J.; Gadrat, S.; Gutsche, O.; Holzman, B.; Lahiff, A.; Magini, N.; Mason, D.; Perez, A.; Stober, F.; Taneja, S.; Taze, M.; Wissing, C.

2015-12-01

The CMS experiment at the LHC relies on 7 Tier-1 centres of the WLCG to perform the majority of its bulk processing activity, and to archive its data. During the first run of the LHC, these two functions were tightly coupled as each Tier-1 was constrained to process only the data archived on its hierarchical storage. This lack of flexibility in the assignment of processing workflows occasionally resulted in uneven resource utilisation and in an increased latency in the delivery of the results to the physics community. The long shutdown of the LHC in 2013-2014 was an opportunity to revisit this mode of operations, disentangling the processing and archive functionalities of the Tier-1 centres. The storage services at the Tier-1s were redeployed breaking the traditional hierarchical model: each site now provides a large disk storage to host input and output data for processing, and an independent tape storage used exclusively for archiving. Movement of data between the tape and disk endpoints is not automated, but triggered externally through the WLCG transfer management systems. With this new setup, CMS operations actively controls at any time which data is available on disk for processing and which data should be sent to archive. Thanks to the high-bandwidth connectivity guaranteed by the LHCOPN, input data can be freely transferred between disk endpoints as needed to take advantage of free CPU, turning the Tier-1s into a large pool of shared resources. The output data can be validated before archiving them permanently, and temporary data formats can be produced without wasting valuable tape resources. Finally, the data hosted on disk at Tier-1s can now be made available also for user analysis since there is no risk any longer of triggering chaotic staging from tape. In this contribution, we describe the technical solutions adopted for the new disk and tape endpoints at the sites, and we report on the commissioning and scale testing of the service. We detail the procedures implemented by CMS computing operations to actively manage data on disk at Tier-1 sites, and we give examples of the benefits brought to CMS workflows by the additional flexibility of the new system.

47 CFR 0.465 - Request for copies of materials which are available, or made available, for public inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL COMMISSION ORGANIZATION General Information Public Information and Inspection... this service shall be ten cents ($0.10) per page or $5 per computer disk in addition to charges for staff time as provided in § 0.467. For copies prepared with other media, such as computer tapes...

47 CFR 0.465 - Request for copies of materials which are available, or made available, for public inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL COMMISSION ORGANIZATION General Information Public Information and Inspection... this service shall be ten cents ($0.10) per page or $5 per computer disk in addition to charges for staff time as provided in § 0.467. For copies prepared with other media, such as computer tapes...

47 CFR 0.465 - Request for copies of materials which are available, or made available, for public inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL COMMISSION ORGANIZATION General Information Public Information and Inspection... this service shall be ten cents ($0.10) per page or $5 per computer disk in addition to charges for staff time as provided in § 0.467. For copies prepared with other media, such as computer tapes...

45 CFR 160.103 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., the following definitions apply to this subchapter: Act means the Social Security Act. ANSI stands for... required documents. Electronic media means: (1) Electronic storage media including memory devices in computers (hard drives) and any removable/transportable digital memory medium, such as magnetic tape or disk...

45 CFR 160.103 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., the following definitions apply to this subchapter: Act means the Social Security Act. ANSI stands for... required documents. Electronic media means: (1) Electronic storage media including memory devices in computers (hard drives) and any removable/transportable digital memory medium, such as magnetic tape or disk...

45 CFR 160.103 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., the following definitions apply to this subchapter: Act means the Social Security Act. ANSI stands for... required documents. Electronic media means: (1) Electronic storage media including memory devices in computers (hard drives) and any removable/transportable digital memory medium, such as magnetic tape or disk...

Optimized Computer Systems for Avionics Applications.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-02-01

medium. The recording may be photographic ( film ) or electronic (tape, disk, or digital memory). After the recording has been completed at N distinct...data into a domain where the signal components become decorrelated. Another popular intepretation is that the transformation is a mechanism for

Managing People's Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Le, Diana; Cooper, David M. (Technical Monitor)

1994-01-01

Just imagine a mass storage system that consists of a machine with 2 CPUs, 1 Gigabyte (GB) of memory, 400 GB of disk space, 16800 cartridge tapes in the automated tape silos, 88,000 tapes located in the vault, and the software to manage the system. This system is designed to be a data repository; it will always have disk space to store all the incoming data. Currently 9.14 GB of new data per day enters the system with this rate doubling each year. To assure there is always disk space available for new data, the system. has to move data reside from the expensive disk to a much less expensive medium such as the 3480 cartridge tapes. Once the data is archived to tape, it should be able to move back to disk when someone wants to access it and the data movement should be transparent to the user. Now imagine all the tasks that a system administrator must perform to keep this system running 24 hour a day, 7 days a week. Since the filesystem maintains the illusion of unlimited disk space, data that comes to the system must get moved to tapes in an efficient manner. This paper will describe the mass storage system running at the Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation (NAS) at NASA Ames Research Center in both software and hardware aspects, then it will describe all of the tasks the system administrator has to perform on this system.

Geophysical data base

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Williamson, M. R.; Kirschner, L. R.

1975-01-01

A general data-management system that provides a random-access capability for large amounts of data is described. The system operates on a CDC 6400 computer using a combination of magnetic tape and disk storage. A FORTRAN subroutine package is provided to simplify the maintenance and use of the data.

14 CFR 25 - Traffic and Capacity Elements

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS AND REPORTS FOR LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS... forth in section 19—Uniform Classification of Operating Statistics. (b) Carriers submitting Schedule T-100 shall use magnetic computer tape or IBM compatible disk for transmitting the prescribed data to...

14 CFR Section 25 - Traffic and Capacity Elements

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS AND REPORTS FOR LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS... forth in section 19—Uniform Classification of Operating Statistics. (b) Carriers submitting Schedule T-100 shall use magnetic computer tape or IBM compatible disk for transmitting the prescribed data to...

Data management in NOAA

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Callicott, William M.

1993-01-01

The NOAA archives contain 150 terabytes of data in digital form, most of which are the high volume GOES satellite image data. There are 630 data bases containing 2,350 environmental variables. There are 375 million film records and 90 million paper records in addition to the digital data base. The current data accession rate is 10 percent per year and the number of users are increasing at a 10 percent annual rate. NOAA publishes 5,000 publications and distributes over one million copies to almost 41,000 paying customers. Each year, over six million records are key entered from manuscript documents and about 13,000 computer tapes and 40,000 satellite hardcopy images are entered into the archive. Early digital data were stored on punched cards and open reel computer tapes. In the late seventies, an advanced helical scan technology (AMPEX TBM) was implemented. Now, punched cards have disappeared, the TBM system was abandoned, most data stored on open reel tapes have been migrated to 3480 cartridges, many specialized data sets were distributed on CD ROM's, special archives are being copied to 12 inch optical WORM disks, 5 1/4 inch magneto-optical disks were employed for workstation applications, and 8 mm EXABYTE tapes are planned for major data collection programs. The rapid expansion of new data sets, some of which constitute large volumes of data, coupled with the need for vastly improved access mechanisms, portability, and improved longevity are factors which will influence NOAA's future systems approaches for data management.

Data Processing Factory for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stoughton, Christopher; Adelman, Jennifer; Annis, James T.; Hendry, John; Inkmann, John; Jester, Sebastian; Kent, Steven M.; Kuropatkin, Nickolai; Lee, Brian; Lin, Huan; Peoples, John, Jr.; Sparks, Robert; Tucker, Douglas; Vanden Berk, Dan; Yanny, Brian; Yocum, Dan

2002-12-01

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data handling presents two challenges: large data volume and timely production of spectroscopic plates from imaging data. A data processing factory, using technologies both old and new, handles this flow. Distribution to end users is via disk farms, to serve corrected images and calibrated spectra, and a database, to efficiently process catalog queries. For distribution of modest amounts of data from Apache Point Observatory to Fermilab, scripts use rsync to update files, while larger data transfers are accomplished by shipping magnetic tapes commercially. All data processing pipelines are wrapped in scripts to address consecutive phases: preparation, submission, checking, and quality control. We constructed the factory by chaining these pipelines together while using an operational database to hold processed imaging catalogs. The science database catalogs all imaging and spectroscopic object, with pointers to the various external files associated with them. Diverse computing systems address particular processing phases. UNIX computers handle tape reading and writing, as well as calibration steps that require access to a large amount of data with relatively modest computational demands. Commodity CPUs process steps that require access to a limited amount of data with more demanding computations requirements. Disk servers optimized for cost per Gbyte serve terabytes of processed data, while servers optimized for disk read speed run SQLServer software to process queries on the catalogs. This factory produced data for the SDSS Early Data Release in June 2001, and it is currently producing Data Release One, scheduled for January 2003.

Formatting scripts with computers and Extended BASIC.

PubMed

Menning, C B

1984-02-01

A computer program, written in the language of Extended BASIC, is presented which enables scripts, for educational media, to be quickly written in a nearly unformatted style. From the resulting script file, stored on magnetic tape or disk, the computer program formats the script into either a storyboard , a presentation, or a narrator 's script. Script headings and page and paragraph numbers are automatic features in the word processing. Suggestions are given for making personal modifications to the computer program.

Emulation Aid System II (EASY II) System Programmer’s Guide.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-03-01

DISK-SAVE, PASSWD =SSSS .MTUINIT= 17 ,MTF IILE=99,D)SKUNIT=7. RESTORE-DISK, PASSWD =SSSS,,MTt!NI=I 7,MTF [LE--=99,DSKtJNIT=7. where PASSWD - a system disk...DISK-SAVE, PASSWD =SSSS ,MTUNIT=17,MTFILE=99,DSKtJNIT=7. SAVE A DISK FILE ON TAPE HELP ,O,O,O. DSKSV. EDIT. CR’r BASED EDITOR (COMM ANDS EXPLAINED AS...BE EXPLICITLY TURNED ON QCNTRL ,LOCKED. RDTAPE,UNIT= 17. READING TAPE FOR USE WITH 6000 AND PRINT. 0. RDTAPE. RESTORE-DISK, PASSWD =SSSS ,MTUNIT= 17

The CDF Run II disk inventory manager

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Paul Hubbard and Stephan Lammel

2001-11-02

The Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) experiment records and analyses proton-antiproton interactions at a center-of-mass energy of 2 TeV. Run II of the Fermilab Tevatron started in April of this year. The duration of the run is expected to be over two years. One of the main data handling strategies of CDF for Run II is to hide all tape access from the user and to facilitate sharing of data and thus disk space. A disk inventory manager was designed and developed over the past years to keep track of the data on disk, to coordinate user access to themore » data, and to stage data back from tape to disk as needed. The CDF Run II disk inventory manager consists of a server process, a user and administrator command line interfaces, and a library with the routines of the client API. Data are managed in filesets which are groups of one or more files. The system keeps track of user access to the filesets and attempts to keep frequently accessed data on disk. Data that are not on disk are automatically staged back from tape as needed. For CDF the main staging method is based on the mt-tools package as tapes are written according to the ANSI standard.« less

19 CFR 356.14 - Report of violation and investigation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 19 Customs Duties 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Report of violation and investigation. 356.14 Section 356.14 Customs Duties INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PROCEDURES AND... shredding of the documents or by erasing electronic memory, computer disk, or tape memory, as set forth in...

40 CFR 63.1065 - Recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... for at least 5 years. Records shall be kept in such a manner that they can be readily accessed within..., on paper, microfilm, computer, floppy disk, magnetic tape, or microfiche. (a) Vessel dimensions and.... (1) If the floating roof passes inspection, a record shall be kept that includes the information...

5 CFR 293.107 - Special safeguards for automated records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... for automated records. (a) In addition to following the security requirements of § 293.106 of this... security safeguards for data about individuals in automated records, including input and output documents, reports, punched cards, magnetic tapes, disks, and on-line computer storage. The safeguards must be in...

5 CFR 293.107 - Special safeguards for automated records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... for automated records. (a) In addition to following the security requirements of § 293.106 of this... security safeguards for data about individuals in automated records, including input and output documents, reports, punched cards, magnetic tapes, disks, and on-line computer storage. The safeguards must be in...

5 CFR 293.107 - Special safeguards for automated records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... for automated records. (a) In addition to following the security requirements of § 293.106 of this... security safeguards for data about individuals in automated records, including input and output documents, reports, punched cards, magnetic tapes, disks, and on-line computer storage. The safeguards must be in...

5 CFR 293.107 - Special safeguards for automated records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... for automated records. (a) In addition to following the security requirements of § 293.106 of this... security safeguards for data about individuals in automated records, including input and output documents, reports, punched cards, magnetic tapes, disks, and on-line computer storage. The safeguards must be in...

Storage media pipelining: Making good use of fine-grained media

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vanmeter, Rodney

1993-01-01

This paper proposes a new high-performance paradigm for accessing removable media such as tapes and especially magneto-optical disks. In high-performance computing the striping of data across multiple devices is a common means of improving data transfer rates. Striping has been used very successfully for fixed magnetic disks improving overall system reliability as well as throughput. It has also been proposed as a solution for providing improved bandwidth for tape and magneto-optical subsystems. However, striping of removable media has shortcomings, particularly in the areas of latency to data and restricted system configurations, and is suitable primarily for very large I/Os. We propose that for fine-grained media, an alternative access method, media pipelining, may be used to provide high bandwidth for large requests while retaining the flexibility to support concurrent small requests and different system configurations. Its principal drawback is high buffering requirements in the host computer or file server. This paper discusses the possible organization of such a system including the hardware conditions under which it may be effective, and the flexibility of configuration. Its expected performance is discussed under varying workloads including large single I/O's and numerous smaller ones. Finally, a specific system incorporating a high-transfer-rate magneto-optical disk drive and autochanger is discussed.

Mass storage at NSA

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shields, Michael F.

1993-01-01

The need to manage large amounts of data on robotically controlled devices has been critical to the mission of this Agency for many years. In many respects this Agency has helped pioneer, with their industry counterparts, the development of a number of products long before these systems became commercially available. Numerous attempts have been made to field both robotically controlled tape and optical disk technology and systems to satisfy our tertiary storage needs. Custom developed products were architected, designed, and developed without vendor partners over the past two decades to field workable systems to handle our ever increasing storage requirements. Many of the attendees of this symposium are familiar with some of the older products, such as: the Braegen Automated Tape Libraries (ATL's), the IBM 3850, the Ampex TeraStore, just to name a few. In addition, we embarked on an in-house development of a shared disk input/output support processor to manage our every increasing tape storage needs. For all intents and purposes, this system was a file server by current definitions which used CDC Cyber computers as the control processors. It served us well and was just recently removed from production usage.

29 CFR 70.40 - Charges assessed for the production of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... in black and white paper copy is $0.15 per page. This charge includes the operator's time to... inch black and white paper copy, such as computer tapes, disks and color copies, the requester may be... matters will not be aggregated. (f) Interest charges. Disclosure officers will assess interest on an...

29 CFR 70.40 - Charges assessed for the production of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... in black and white paper copy is $0.15 per page. This charge includes the operator's time to... inch black and white paper copy, such as computer tapes, disks and color copies, the requester may be... matters will not be aggregated. (f) Interest charges. Disclosure officers will assess interest on an...

29 CFR 70.40 - Charges assessed for the production of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... in black and white paper copy is $0.15 per page. This charge includes the operator's time to... inch black and white paper copy, such as computer tapes, disks and color copies, the requester may be... matters will not be aggregated. (f) Interest charges. Disclosure officers will assess interest on an...

29 CFR 70.40 - Charges assessed for the production of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... in black and white paper copy is $0.15 per page. This charge includes the operator's time to... inch black and white paper copy, such as computer tapes, disks and color copies, the requester may be... matters will not be aggregated. (f) Interest charges. Disclosure officers will assess interest on an...

Enhanced Data-Acquisition System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mustain, Roy W.

1990-01-01

Time-consuming, costly digitization of analog signals on magnetic tape eliminated. Proposed data-acquisition system provides nearly immediate access to data in incoming signals by digitizing and recording them both on magnetic tape and on optical disk. Tape and/or disk later played back to reconstruct signals in analog or digital form for analysis. Of interest in industrial and scientific applications in which necessary to digitize, store, and/or process large quantities of experimental data.

Optical Disks Compete with Videotape and Magnetic Storage Media: Part I.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Urrows, Henry; Urrows, Elizabeth

1988-01-01

Describes the latest technology in videotape cassette systems and other magnetic storage devices and their possible effects on optical data disks. Highlights include Honeywell's Very Large Data Store (VLDS); Exabyte's tape cartridge storage system; standards for tape drives; and Masstor System's videotape cartridge system. (LRW)

TMR tape drive for a 15 TB cartridge

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Biskeborn, Robert G.; Fontana, Robert E.; Lo, Calvin S.; Czarnecki, W. Stanley; Liang, Jason; Iben, Icko E. T.; Decad, Gary M.; Hipolito, Venus A.

2018-05-01

This paper highlights the development of tunnel magnetoresistive (TMR) sensors for magnetic tape recording applications. This has led to the introduction of a tape drives supporting a 15 TB native tape cartridge, currently the highest capacity available. Underscoring this development is the fact that the TMR sensors must run in continual contact with the tape media. This is contrasted with modern hard disk drive (hdd) sensors, which fly above the disk platters. Various challenges encountered in developing and deploying TMR are presented. In addition, advances to the write transducer are also discussed. Lastly, the authors show that future density scaling for tape recording, unlike that for hdd, is not facing limits imposed by photolithography or superparamagnetic physics, suggesting that cartridge capacity improvements of 4 to 6x will be achieved in the next 4 to 8 years.

A media maniac's guide to removable mass storage media

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kempster, Linda S.

1996-01-01

This paper addresses at a high level, the many individual technologies available today in the removable storage arena including removable magnetic tapes, magnetic floppies, optical disks and optical tape. Tape recorders represented below discuss logitudinal, serpantine, logitudinal serpantine,and helical scan technologies. The magnetic floppies discussed will be used for personal electronic in-box applications.Optical disks still fill the role for dense long-term storage. The media capacities quoted are for native data. In some cases, 2 KB ASC2 pages or 50 KB document images will be referenced.

A case for automated tape in clinical imaging.

PubMed

Bookman, G; Baune, D

1998-08-01

Electronic archiving of radiology images over many years will require many terabytes of storage with a need for rapid retrieval of these images. As more large PACS installations are installed and implemented, a data crisis occurs. The ability to store this large amount of data using the traditional method of optical jukeboxes or online disk alone becomes an unworkable solution. The amount of floor space number of optical jukeboxes, and off-line shelf storage required to store the images becomes unmanageable. With the recent advances in tape and tape drives, the use of tape for long term storage of PACS data has become the preferred alternative. A PACS system consisting of a centrally managed system of RAID disk, software and at the heart of the system, tape, presents a solution that for the first time solves the problems of multi-modality high end PACS, non-DICOM image, electronic medical record and ADT data storage. This paper will examine the installation of the University of Utah, Department of Radiology PACS system and the integration of automated tape archive. The tape archive is also capable of storing data other than traditional PACS data. The implementation of an automated data archive to serve the many other needs of a large hospital will also be discussed. This will include the integration of a filmless cardiology department and the backup/archival needs of a traditional MIS department. The need for high bandwidth to tape with a large RAID cache will be examined and how with an interface to a RIS pre-fetch engine, tape can be a superior solution to optical platters or other archival solutions. The data management software will be discussed in detail. The performance and cost of RAID disk cache and automated tape compared to a solution that includes optical will be examined.

A Guide to Computed Tomography System Specifications

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-08-01

particularly where anomalies are not known or expected, where nonimaging measurements of deviations from a norm defy experience or expectation, or...point. 2.9 Archival Requirements Archival requirements usually involve hardcopy, tape, and/or optical disk. These dictate a small subsystem choice, but...some kind of scintillating X-ray crystal, e.g., cadmium tungstate or bismuth germanate that is optically coupled to a photoconversion device like a

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Amerio, S.; Behari, S.; Boyd, J.

The Fermilab Tevatron collider's data-taking run ended in September 2011, yielding a dataset with rich scientific potential. The CDF and D0 experiments each have approximately 9 PB of collider and simulated data stored on tape. A large computing infrastructure consisting of tape storage, disk cache, and distributed grid computing for physics analysis with the Tevatron data is present at Fermilab. The Fermilab Run II data preservation project intends to keep this analysis capability sustained through the year 2020 and beyond. To achieve this goal, we have implemented a system that utilizes virtualization, automated validation, and migration to new standards inmore » both software and data storage technology and leverages resources available from currently-running experiments at Fermilab. Lastly, these efforts have also provided useful lessons in ensuring long-term data access for numerous experiments, and enable high-quality scientific output for years to come.« less

Data preservation at the Fermilab Tevatron

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Amerio, S.; Behari, S.; Boyd, J.; Brochmann, M.; Culbertson, R.; Diesburg, M.; Freeman, J.; Garren, L.; Greenlee, H.; Herner, K.; Illingworth, R.; Jayatilaka, B.; Jonckheere, A.; Li, Q.; Naymola, S.; Oleynik, G.; Sakumoto, W.; Varnes, E.; Vellidis, C.; Watts, G.; White, S.

2017-04-01

The Fermilab Tevatron collider's data-taking run ended in September 2011, yielding a dataset with rich scientific potential. The CDF and D0 experiments each have approximately 9 PB of collider and simulated data stored on tape. A large computing infrastructure consisting of tape storage, disk cache, and distributed grid computing for physics analysis with the Tevatron data is present at Fermilab. The Fermilab Run II data preservation project intends to keep this analysis capability sustained through the year 2020 and beyond. To achieve this goal, we have implemented a system that utilizes virtualization, automated validation, and migration to new standards in both software and data storage technology and leverages resources available from currently-running experiments at Fermilab. These efforts have also provided useful lessons in ensuring long-term data access for numerous experiments, and enable high-quality scientific output for years to come.

SANs and Large Scale Data Migration at the NASA Center for Computational Sciences

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Salmon, Ellen M.

2004-01-01

Evolution and migration are a way of life for provisioners of high-performance mass storage systems that serve high-end computers used by climate and Earth and space science researchers: the compute engines come and go, but the data remains. At the NASA Center for Computational Sciences (NCCS), disk and tape SANs are deployed to provide high-speed I/O for the compute engines and the hierarchical storage management systems. Along with gigabit Ethernet, they also enable the NCCS's latest significant migration: the transparent transfer of 300 Til3 of legacy HSM data into the new Sun SAM-QFS cluster.

Nimbus-7 Earth Radiation Budjet compact solar data set user's guide

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kyle, H. Lee; Penn, Lanning M.; Hoyt, Douglas; Love, Douglas; Vemury, Sastri; Vallette, Brenda J.

1994-01-01

Nimbus-7 Earth Radiation Budget (ERB) solar measurements extend from November 16, 1978, to December 13, 1993, but with data gaps in 1992 and 1993. The measurements include the total solar irradiance plus six broadband spectral components. The Channel 10c total irradiance data appears very stable, and the calibration, well done. A number of characterization problems remain in the spectral measurements. In the original program, the solar and Earth flux measurements were intermixed and spread over about 170 computer tapes. For easier access, the solar data have been collected into two compact data sets. All of the data are collected into 14 Summary Solar Tapes (SST's). In addition, two Channel 10c Solar Tapes (CST's) give a separate listing of the stable total solar irradiance measurements. Channel 10c calibration and orbital irradiance values are given on separate PC disks. This document gives data descriptions and formats, together with quality control and calibration procedures.

Reproductive and Hormonal Risk Factors for Breast Cancer in Blind Women

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-08-01

informational letters sent directly from the Perkins Braille and Talking Book Library in Watertown Massachusetts, the ACB and the Canadian National Institute...choice. Survey formats included via e-mail, website, compact disc, computer disk, audio tape, large print, Braille , in person, or verbally over the...survey data during telephone interviews or following receipt of written or audio surveys. Braille surveys were transcribed by a third party and

Striped tertiary storage arrays

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Drapeau, Ann L.

1993-01-01

Data stripping is a technique for increasing the throughput and reducing the response time of large access to a storage system. In striped magnetic or optical disk arrays, a single file is striped or interleaved across several disks; in a striped tape system, files are interleaved across tape cartridges. Because a striped file can be accessed by several disk drives or tape recorders in parallel, the sustained bandwidth to the file is greater than in non-striped systems, where access to the file are restricted to a single device. It is argued that applying striping to tertiary storage systems will provide needed performance and reliability benefits. The performance benefits of striping for applications using large tertiary storage systems is discussed. It will introduce commonly available tape drives and libraries, and discuss their performance limitations, especially focusing on the long latency of tape accesses. This section will also describe an event-driven tertiary storage array simulator that is being used to understand the best ways of configuring these storage arrays. The reliability problems of magnetic tape devices are discussed, and plans for modeling the overall reliability of striped tertiary storage arrays to identify the amount of error correction required are described. Finally, work being done by other members of the Sequoia group to address latency of accesses, optimizing tertiary storage arrays that perform mostly writes, and compression is discussed.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Boyd, J.; Herner, K.; Jayatilaka, B.

The Fermilab Tevatron collider's data-taking run ended in September 2011, yielding a dataset with rich scientific potential. The CDF and DO experiments each have nearly 9 PB of collider and simulated data stored on tape. A large computing infrastructure consisting of tape storage, disk cache, and distributed grid computing for physics analysis with the Tevatron data is present at Fermilab. The Fermilab Run II data preservation project intends to keep this analysis capability sustained through the year 2020 or beyond. To achieve this, we are implementing a system that utilizes virtualization, automated validation, and migration to new standards in bothmore » software and data storage technology as well as leveraging resources available from currently-running experiments at Fermilab. Furthermore, these efforts will provide useful lessons in ensuring long-term data access for numerous experiments throughout high-energy physics, and provide a roadmap for high-quality scientific output for years to come.« less

Data preservation at the Fermilab Tevatron

DOE PAGES

Amerio, S.; Behari, S.; Boyd, J.; ...

2017-01-22

The Fermilab Tevatron collider's data-taking run ended in September 2011, yielding a dataset with rich scientific potential. The CDF and D0 experiments each have approximately 9 PB of collider and simulated data stored on tape. A large computing infrastructure consisting of tape storage, disk cache, and distributed grid computing for physics analysis with the Tevatron data is present at Fermilab. The Fermilab Run II data preservation project intends to keep this analysis capability sustained through the year 2020 and beyond. To achieve this goal, we have implemented a system that utilizes virtualization, automated validation, and migration to new standards inmore » both software and data storage technology and leverages resources available from currently-running experiments at Fermilab. Lastly, these efforts have also provided useful lessons in ensuring long-term data access for numerous experiments, and enable high-quality scientific output for years to come.« less

Data preservation at the Fermilab Tevatron

DOE PAGES

Boyd, J.; Herner, K.; Jayatilaka, B.; ...

2015-12-23

The Fermilab Tevatron collider's data-taking run ended in September 2011, yielding a dataset with rich scientific potential. The CDF and DO experiments each have nearly 9 PB of collider and simulated data stored on tape. A large computing infrastructure consisting of tape storage, disk cache, and distributed grid computing for physics analysis with the Tevatron data is present at Fermilab. The Fermilab Run II data preservation project intends to keep this analysis capability sustained through the year 2020 or beyond. To achieve this, we are implementing a system that utilizes virtualization, automated validation, and migration to new standards in bothmore » software and data storage technology as well as leveraging resources available from currently-running experiments at Fermilab. Furthermore, these efforts will provide useful lessons in ensuring long-term data access for numerous experiments throughout high-energy physics, and provide a roadmap for high-quality scientific output for years to come.« less

Data preservation at the Fermilab Tevatron

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boyd, J.; Herner, K.; Jayatilaka, B.; Roser, R.; Sakumoto, W.

2015-12-01

The Fermilab Tevatron collider's data-taking run ended in September 2011, yielding a dataset with rich scientific potential. The CDF and DO experiments each have nearly 9 PB of collider and simulated data stored on tape. A large computing infrastructure consisting of tape storage, disk cache, and distributed grid computing for physics analysis with the Tevatron data is present at Fermilab. The Fermilab Run II data preservation project intends to keep this analysis capability sustained through the year 2020 or beyond. To achieve this, we are implementing a system that utilizes virtualization, automated validation, and migration to new standards in both software and data storage technology as well as leveraging resources available from currently-running experiments at Fermilab. These efforts will provide useful lessons in ensuring long-term data access for numerous experiments throughout high-energy physics, and provide a roadmap for high-quality scientific output for years to come.

Basics of Videodisc and Optical Disk Technology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Paris, Judith

1983-01-01

Outlines basic videodisc and optical disk technology describing both optical and capacitance videodisc technology. Optical disk technology is defined as a mass digital image and data storage device and briefly compared with other information storage media including magnetic tape and microforms. The future of videodisc and optical disk is…

Editing of EIA coded, numerically controlled, machine tool tapes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Weiner, J. M.

1975-01-01

Editing of numerically controlled (N/C) machine tool tapes (8-level paper tape) using an interactive graphic display processor is described. A rapid technique required for correcting production errors in N/C tapes was developed using the interactive text editor on the IMLAC PDS-ID graphic display system and two special programs resident on disk. The correction technique and special programs for processing N/C tapes coded to EIA specifications are discussed.

A program to compute three-dimensional subsonic unsteady aerodynamic characteristics using the doublet lattic method, L216 (DUBFLX). Volume 1: Engineering and usage

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Richard, M.; Harrison, B. A.

1979-01-01

The program input presented consists of configuration geometry, aerodynamic parameters, and modal data; output includes element geometry, pressure difference distributions, integrated aerodynamic coefficients, stability derivatives, generalized aerodynamic forces, and aerodynamic influence coefficient matrices. Optionally, modal data may be input on magnetic file (tape or disk), and certain geometric and aerodynamic output may be saved for subsequent use.

Implementation of system intelligence in a 3-tier telemedicine/PACS hierarchical storage management system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chao, Woodrew; Ho, Bruce K. T.; Chao, John T.; Sadri, Reza M.; Huang, Lu J.; Taira, Ricky K.

1995-05-01

Our tele-medicine/PACS archive system is based on a three-tier distributed hierarchical architecture, including magnetic disk farms, optical jukebox, and tape jukebox sub-systems. The hierarchical storage management (HSM) architecture, built around a low cost high performance platform [personal computers (PC) and Microsoft Windows NT], presents a very scaleable and distributed solution ideal for meeting the needs of client/server environments such as tele-medicine, tele-radiology, and PACS. These image based systems typically require storage capacities mirroring those of film based technology (multi-terabyte with 10+ years storage) and patient data retrieval times at near on-line performance as demanded by radiologists. With the scaleable architecture, storage requirements can be easily configured to meet the needs of the small clinic (multi-gigabyte) to those of a major hospital (multi-terabyte). The patient data retrieval performance requirement was achieved by employing system intelligence to manage migration and caching of archived data. Relevant information from HIS/RIS triggers prefetching of data whenever possible based on simple rules. System intelligence embedded in the migration manger allows the clustering of patient data onto a single tape during data migration from optical to tape medium. Clustering of patient data on the same tape eliminates multiple tape loading and associated seek time during patient data retrieval. Optimal tape performance can then be achieved by utilizing the tape drives high performance data streaming capabilities thereby reducing typical data retrieval delays associated with streaming tape devices.

Compact discs as versatile cost-effective substrates for releasable nanopatterned aluminium films

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barrios, Carlos Angulo; Canalejas-Tejero, Víctor

2015-02-01

We demonstrate that standard polycarbonate compact disk surfaces can provide unique adhesion to Al films that is both strong enough to permit Al film nanopatterning and weak enough to allow easy nanopatterned Al film detachment using Scotch tape. Transferred Al nanohole arrays on Scotch tape exhibit excellent optical and plasmonic performance.We demonstrate that standard polycarbonate compact disk surfaces can provide unique adhesion to Al films that is both strong enough to permit Al film nanopatterning and weak enough to allow easy nanopatterned Al film detachment using Scotch tape. Transferred Al nanohole arrays on Scotch tape exhibit excellent optical and plasmonic performance. Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: 1. Optical simulations (Fig. SI.1); 2. Optical coupling via an Al NHA on the Scotch tape (Fig. SI.2); 3. Electrostatics-based opto-mechanical cantilever (Fig. SI.3). Video 1. Transfer of the Al film nanostructured with a nanohole array from a polycarbonate CD surface onto a Scotch tape; Video 2. Opto-mechanical electrostatics-based sensor: electrical attraction. Video 3. Opto-mechanical electrostatics-based sensor: electrical repulsion. See DOI: 10.1039/c4nr06271j

Geometry program for aerodynamic lifting surface theory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Medan, R. T.

1973-01-01

A computer program that provides the geometry and boundary conditions appropriate for an analysis of a lifting, thin wing with control surfaces in linearized, subsonic, steady flow is presented. The kernel function method lifting surface theory is applied. The data which is generated by the program is stored on disk files or tapes for later use by programs which calculate an influence matrix, plot the wing planform, and evaluate the loads on the wing. In addition to processing data for subsequent use in a lifting surface analysis, the program is useful for computing area and mean geometric chords of the wing and control surfaces.

Improved memory loading techniques for the TSRV display system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Easley, W. C.; Lynn, W. A.; Mcluer, D. G.

1986-01-01

A recent upgrade of the TSRV research flight system at NASA Langley Research Center retained the original monochrome display system. However, the display memory loading equipment was replaced requiring design and development of new methods of performing this task. This paper describes the new techniques developed to load memory in the display system. An outdated paper tape method for loading the BOOTSTRAP control program was replaced by EPROM storage of the characters contained on the tape. Rather than move a tape past an optical reader, a counter was implemented which steps sequentially through EPROM addresses and presents the same data to the loader circuitry. A cumbersome cassette tape method for loading the applications software was replaced with a floppy disk method using a microprocessor terminal installed as part of the upgrade. The cassette memory image was transferred to disk and a specific software loader was written for the terminal which duplicates the function of the cassette loader.

Computer-based desktop system for surgical videotape editing.

PubMed

Vincent-Hamelin, E; Sarmiento, J M; de la Puente, J M; Vicente, M

1997-05-01

The educational role of surgical video presentations should be optimized by linking surgical images to graphic evaluation of indications, techniques, and results. We describe a PC-based video production system for personal editing of surgical tapes, according to the objectives of each presentation. The hardware requirement is a personal computer (100 MHz processor, 1-Gb hard disk, 16 Mb RAM) with a PC-to-TV/video transfer card plugged into a slot. Computer-generated numerical data, texts, and graphics are transformed into analog signals displayed on TV/video. A Genlock interface (a special interface card) synchronizes digital and analog signals, to overlay surgical images to electronic illustrations. The presentation is stored as digital information or recorded on a tape. The proliferation of multimedia tools is leading us to adapt presentations to the objectives of lectures and to integrate conceptual analyses with dynamic image-based information. We describe a system that handles both digital and analog signals, production being recorded on a tape. Movies may be managed in a digital environment, with either an "on-line" or "off-line" approach. System requirements are high, but handling a single device optimizes editing without incurring such complexity that management becomes impractical to surgeons. Our experience suggests that computerized editing allows linking surgical scientific and didactic messages on a single communication medium, either a videotape or a CD-ROM.

UTDallas Offline Computing System for B Physics with the Babar Experiment at SLAC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Benninger, Tracy L.

1998-10-01

The University of Texas at Dallas High Energy Physics group is building a high performance, large storage computing system for B physics research with the BaBar experiment (``factory'') at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. The goal of this system is to analyze one terabyte of complex Event Store data from BaBar in one to two days. The foundation of the computing system is a Sun E6000 Enterprise multiprocessor system, with additions of a Sun StorEdge L1800 Tape Library, a Sun Workstation for processing batch jobs, staging disks and interface cards. The design considerations, current status, projects underway, and possible upgrade paths will be discussed.

Hardware and software facilities for the J-PAS and J-PLUS surveys archiving, processing and data publication

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cristóbal-Hornillos, D.; Varela, J.; Ederoclite, A.; Vázquez Ramió, H.; López-Sainz, A.; Hernández-Fuertes, J.; Civera, T.; Muniesa, D.; Moles, M.; Cenarro, A. J.; Marín-Franch, A.; Yanes-Díaz, A.

2015-05-01

The Observatorio Astrofísico de Javalambre consists of two main telescopes: JST/T250, a 2.5 m telescope with a FoV of 3 deg, and JAST/T80, a 83 cm with a 2 deg FoV. JST/T250 will be devoted to complete the Javalambre-PAU Astronomical Survey (J-PAS). It is a photometric survey with a system of 54 narrow-band plus 3 broad-band filters covering an area of 8500°^2. The JAST/T80 will perform the J-PLUS survey, covering the same area in a system of 12 filters. This contribution presents the software and hardware architecture designed to store and process the data. The processing pipeline runs daily and it is devoted to correct instrumental signature on the science images, to perform astrometric and photometric calibration, and the computation of individual image catalogs. In a second stage, the pipeline performs the combination of the tile mosaics and the computation of final catalogs. The catalogs are ingested in as Scientific database to be provided to the community. The processing software is connected with a management database to store persistent information about the pipeline operations done on each frame. The processing pipeline is executed in a computing cluster under a batch queuing system. Regarding the storage system, it will combine disk and tape technologies. The disk storage system will have capacity to store the data that is accessed by the pipeline. The tape library will store and archive the raw data and earlier data releases with lower access frequency.

Data management in NOAA

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Callicott, William M.

1992-01-01

NOAA has 11 terabytes of digital data stored on 240,000 computer tapes. There are an additional 100 terabytes (TB) of geostationary satellite data stored in digital form on specially configured SONY U-Matic video tapes at the University of Wisconsin. There are over 90,000,000 non-digital form records in manuscript, film, printed, and chart form which are not easily accessible. The three NOAA Data Centers service 6,000 requests per year and publish 5,000 bulletins which are distributed to 40,000 subscribers. Seventeen CD-ROM's have been produced. Thirty thousand computer tapes containing polar satellite data are being copied to 12 inch WORM optical disks for research applications. The present annual data accumulation rate of 10 TB will grow to 30 TB in 1994 and to 100 TB by the year 2000. The present storage and distribution technologies with their attendant support systems will be overwhelmed by these increases if not improved. Increased user sophistication coupled with more precise measurement technologies will demand better quality control mechanisms, especially for those data maintained in an indefinite archive. There is optimism that the future will offer improved media technologies to accommodate the volumes of data. With the advanced technologies, storage and performance monitoring tools will be pivotal to the successful long-term management of data and information.

[PACS: storage and retrieval of digital radiological image data].

PubMed

Wirth, S; Treitl, M; Villain, S; Lucke, A; Nissen-Meyer, S; Mittermaier, I; Pfeifer, K-J; Reiser, M

2005-08-01

Efficient handling of both picture archiving and retrieval is a crucial factor when new PACS installations as well as technical upgrades are planned. For a large PACS installation for 200 actual studies, the number, modality,and body region of available priors were evaluated. In addition, image access time of 100 CT studies from hard disk (RAID), magneto-optic disk (MOD), and tape archives (TAPE) were accessed. For current examinations priors existed in 61.1% with an averaged quantity of 7.7 studies. Thereof 56.3% were within 0-3 months, 84.9% within 12 months, 91.7% within 24 months, and 96.2% within 36 months. On average, access to images from the hard disk cache was more than 100 times faster then from MOD or TAPE. Since only PACS RAID provides online image access, at least current imaging of the past 12 months should be available from cache. An accurate prefetching mechanism facilitates effective use of the expensive online cache area. For that, however, close interaction of PACS, RIS, and KIS is an indispensable prerequisite.

45 CFR 160.103 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., the following definitions apply to this subchapter: Act means the Social Security Act. Administrative..., statements, and other required documents. Electronic media means: (1) Electronic storage material on which...) and any removable/transportable digital memory medium, such as magnetic tape or disk, optical disk, or...

45 CFR 160.103 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., the following definitions apply to this subchapter: Act means the Social Security Act. Administrative..., statements, and other required documents. Electronic media means: (1) Electronic storage material on which...) and any removable/transportable digital memory medium, such as magnetic tape or disk, optical disk, or...

Jefferson Lab Mass Storage and File Replication Services

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ian Bird; Ying Chen; Bryan Hess

Jefferson Lab has implemented a scalable, distributed, high performance mass storage system - JASMine. The system is entirely implemented in Java, provides access to robotic tape storage and includes disk cache and stage manager components. The disk manager subsystem may be used independently to manage stand-alone disk pools. The system includes a scheduler to provide policy-based access to the storage systems. Security is provided by pluggable authentication modules and is implemented at the network socket level. The tape and disk cache systems have well defined interfaces in order to provide integration with grid-based services. The system is in production andmore » being used to archive 1 TB per day from the experiments, and currently moves over 2 TB per day total. This paper will describe the architecture of JASMine; discuss the rationale for building the system, and present a transparent 3rd party file replication service to move data to collaborating institutes using JASMine, XM L, and servlet technology interfacing to grid-based file transfer mechanisms.« less

Deployment and Operational Experiences with CernVM-FS at the GridKa Tier-1 Center

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alef, Manfred; Jäger, Axel; Petzold and, Andreas; Verstege, Bernhard

2012-12-01

In 2012 the GridKa Tier-1 computing center hosts 130 kHS06 computing resources and 14PB disk and 17PB tape space. These resources are shared between the four LHC VOs and a number of national and international VOs from high energy physics and other sciences. CernVM-FS has been deployed at GridKa to supplement the existing NFS-based system to access VO software on the worker nodes. It provides a solution tailored to the requirement of the LHC VOs. We will focus on the first operational experiences and the monitoring of CernVM-FS on the worker nodes and the squid caches.

Kodak phase-change media for optical tape applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tyan, Yuan-Sheng; Preuss, Donald R.; Olin, George R.; Vazan, Fridrich; Pan, Kee-Chuan; Raychaudhuri, Pranab. K.

1993-01-01

The SbInSn phase-change write-once optical medium developed by Eastman Kodak Company is particularly suitable for development into the next generation optical tape media. Its performance for optical recording has already been demonstrated in some of the highest performance optical disk systems. Some of the key performance features are presented.

Emerging Network Storage Management Standards for Intelligent Data Storage Subsystems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Podio, Fernando; Vollrath, William; Williams, Joel; Kobler, Ben; Crouse, Don

1998-01-01

This paper discusses the need for intelligent storage devices and subsystems that can provide data integrity metadata, the content of the existing data integrity standard for optical disks and techniques and metadata to verify stored data on optical tapes developed by the Association for Information and Image Management (AIIM) Optical Tape Committee.

The growth of the UniTree mass storage system at the NASA Center for Computational Sciences: Some lessons learned

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tarshish, Adina; Salmon, Ellen

1994-01-01

In October 1992, the NASA Center for Computational Sciences made its Convex-based UniTree system generally available to users. The ensuing months saw growth in every area. Within 26 months, data under UniTree control grew from nil to over 12 terabytes, nearly all of it stored on robotically mounted tape. HiPPI/UltraNet was added to enhance connectivity, and later HiPPI/TCP was added as well. Disks and robotic tape silos were added to those already under UniTree's control, and 18-track tapes were upgraded to 36-track. The primary data source for UniTree, the facility's Cray Y-MP/4-128, first doubled its processing power and then was replaced altogether by a C98/6-256 with nearly two-and-a-half times the Y-MP's combined peak gigaflops. The Convex/UniTree software was upgraded from version 1.5 to 1.7.5, and then to 1.7.6. Finally, the server itself, a Convex C3240, was upgraded to a C3830 with a second I/O bay, doubling the C3240's memory and capacity for I/O. This paper describes insights gained and reinforced with the burgeoning demands on the UniTree storage system and the significant increases in performance gained from the many upgrades.

NSSDC Conference on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies for Space and Earth Science Applications, volume 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kobler, Benjamin (Editor); Hariharan, P. C. (Editor); Blasso, L. G. (Editor)

1992-01-01

Papers and viewgraphs from the conference are presented. This conference served as a broad forum for the discussion of a number of important issues in the field of mass storage systems. Topics include magnetic disk and tape technologies, optical disks and tape, software storage and file management systems, and experiences with the use of a large, distributed storage system. The technical presentations describe, among other things, integrated mass storage systems that are expected to be available commercially. Also included is a series of presentations from Federal Government organizations and research institutions covering their mass storage requirements for the 1990's.

DICOM implementation on online tape library storage system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Komo, Darmadi; Dai, Hailei L.; Elghammer, David; Levine, Betty A.; Mun, Seong K.

1998-07-01

The main purpose of this project is to implement a Digital Image and Communications (DICOM) compliant online tape library system over the Internet. Once finished, the system will be used to store medical exams generated from U.S. ARMY Mobile ARMY Surgical Hospital (MASH) in Tuzla, Bosnia. A modified UC Davis implementation of DICOM storage class is used for this project. DICOM storage class user and provider are implemented as the system's interface to the Internet. The DICOM software provides flexible configuration options such as types of modalities and trusted remote DICOM hosts. Metadata is extracted from each exam and indexed in a relational database for query and retrieve purposes. The medical images are stored inside the Wolfcreek-9360 tape library system from StorageTek Corporation. The tape library system has nearline access to more than 1000 tapes. Each tape has a capacity of 800 megabytes making the total nearline tape access of around 1 terabyte. The tape library uses the Application Storage Manager (ASM) which provides cost-effective file management, storage, archival, and retrieval services. ASM automatically and transparently copies files from expensive magnetic disk to less expensive nearline tape library, and restores the files back when they are needed. The ASM also provides a crash recovery tool, which enable an entire file system restore in a short time. A graphical user interface (GUI) function is used to view the contents of the storage systems. This GUI also allows user to retrieve the stored exams and send the exams to anywhere on the Internet using DICOM protocols. With the integration of different components of the system, we have implemented a high capacity online tape library storage system that is flexible and easy to use. Using tape as an alternative storage media as opposed to the magnetic disk has the great potential of cost savings in terms of dollars per megabyte of storage. As this system matures, the Hospital Information Systems/Radiology Information Systems (HIS/RIS) or other components can be developed potentially as interfaces to the outside world thus widen the usage of the tape library system.

The interactive astronomical data analysis facility - image enhancement techniques to Comet Halley

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klinglesmith, D. A.

1981-10-01

PDP 11/40 computer is at the heart of a general purpose interactive data analysis facility designed to permit easy access to data in both visual imagery and graphic representations. The major components consist of: the 11/40 CPU and 256 K bytes of 16-bit memory; two TU10 tape drives; 20 million bytes of disk storage; three user terminals; and the COMTAL image processing display system. The application of image enhancement techniques to two sequences of photographs of Comet Halley taken in Egypt in 1910 provides evidence for eruptions from the comet's nucleus.

28 CFR 51.20 - Form of submissions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... megabyte MS-DOS formatted diskettes; 5 1/4″ 1.2 megabyte MS-DOS formatted floppy disks; nine-track tape... provided in hard copy. (c) All magnetic media shall be clearly labeled with the following information: (1... a disk operating system (DOS) file, it shall be formatted in a standard American Standard Code for...

Beating the tyranny of scale with a private cloud configured for Big Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lawrence, Bryan; Bennett, Victoria; Churchill, Jonathan; Juckes, Martin; Kershaw, Philip; Pepler, Sam; Pritchard, Matt; Stephens, Ag

2015-04-01

The Joint Analysis System, JASMIN, consists of a five significant hardware components: a batch computing cluster, a hypervisor cluster, bulk disk storage, high performance disk storage, and access to a tape robot. Each of the computing clusters consists of a heterogeneous set of servers, supporting a range of possible data analysis tasks - and a unique network environment makes it relatively trivial to migrate servers between the two clusters. The high performance disk storage will include the world's largest (publicly visible) deployment of the Panasas parallel disk system. Initially deployed in April 2012, JASMIN has already undergone two major upgrades, culminating in a system which by April 2015, will have in excess of 16 PB of disk and 4000 cores. Layered on the basic hardware are a range of services, ranging from managed services, such as the curated archives of the Centre for Environmental Data Archival or the data analysis environment for the National Centres for Atmospheric Science and Earth Observation, to a generic Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) offering for the UK environmental science community. Here we present examples of some of the big data workloads being supported in this environment - ranging from data management tasks, such as checksumming 3 PB of data held in over one hundred million files, to science tasks, such as re-processing satellite observations with new algorithms, or calculating new diagnostics on petascale climate simulation outputs. We will demonstrate how the provision of a cloud environment closely coupled to a batch computing environment, all sharing the same high performance disk system allows massively parallel processing without the necessity to shuffle data excessively - even as it supports many different virtual communities, each with guaranteed performance. We will discuss the advantages of having a heterogeneous range of servers with available memory from tens of GB at the low end to (currently) two TB at the high end. There are some limitations of the JASMIN environment, the high performance disk environment is not fully available in the IaaS environment, and a planned ability to burst compute heavy jobs into the public cloud is not yet fully available. There are load balancing and performance issues that need to be understood. We will conclude with projections for future usage, and our plans to meet those requirements.

System level traffic shaping in disk servers with heterogeneous protocols

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cano, Eric; Kruse, Daniele Francesco

2014-06-01

Disk access and tape migrations compete for network bandwidth in CASTORs disk servers, over various protocols: RFIO, Xroot, root and GridFTP. As there are a limited number of tape drives, it is important to keep them busy all the time, at their nominal speed. With potentially 100s of user read streams per server, the bandwidth for the tape migrations has to be guaranteed to a controlled level, and not the fair share the system gives by default. Xroot provides a prioritization mechanism, but using it implies moving exclusively to the Xroot protocol, which is not possible in short to mid-term time frame, as users are equally using all protocols. The greatest commonality of all those protocols is not more than the usage of TCP/IP. We investigated the Linux kernel traffic shaper to control TCP/ IP bandwidth. The performance and limitations of the traffic shaper have been understood in test environment, and satisfactory working point has been found for production. Notably, TCP offload engines' negative impact on traffic shaping, and the limitations of the length of the traffic shaping rules were discovered and measured. A suitable working point has been found and the traffic shaping is now successfully deployed in the CASTOR production systems at CERN. This system level approach could be transposed easily to other environments.

Preliminary Investigation of Longitudinal Differences in TEC and Scintillation at Transition Latitudes

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-04-04

AIR. j NO ABSOLUTE TEC. C: NEW SATELITE WINDOWS INSERTED. j - IAPEDRIVE PROBLEM. D: SOME DATA ON CHART NOT RECORDED ON TAPE. H = NPIB INTERFASE...PROBLEM. E: SOME DATA BROKEN UP. V 2 FLOPPY DISK/DRIVE PROBLEM. F: TAPE CHANGE. W - WRONG SATELITE WINDOWS. TOTAL HOURS OF ACTIVITY LEVEL 1:300 P - POWER...0 1 0 31 1 COMMENT’S: ADDITIONAL COMMENT’S. A: TAPE STOP * L1/L2 SCINTILLATION. B: GPS SYSTEM OFF THE AIR. O= N ABSOLUTE TEC. C: NEW SATELITE WINDOWS

Providing an Analysis Environment with Access to High-Volume Simulation and Observational Data for Climate Science

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bennett, V. L.; Juckes, M. N.; Kershaw, P. J.; Lawrence, B.; Stephens, A.; Pritchard, M.; Pepler, S.

2015-12-01

Environmental science requires the fusion of ever growing volumes of data from multiple simulation and observation platforms. In the UK, the Centre for Environmental Analysis (CEDA) provides infrastructure to support the analysis of such data. CEDA delivers both a curated archive, and an environment to exploit that data alongside other datasets. Over 3 petabytes (PB) of data are now available in the archive and this will rise considerably in the next 12 months as key datasets are acquired and made available via the JASMIN super data cluster. JASMIN incorporates over 17 PB of disk, co-located with tape and computing facilities for data analysis via batch, hosted and cloud computing The first of the European Sentinel series of satellites, Sentinel-1A was launched in April 2014, followed by Sentinel-2A in July 2015. Synthetic Aperture Radar data from Sentinel-1A data is already flowing, with around one terabyte per day being archived at CEDA. Recent data are stored on-line for direct access to users; older data will be moved to near-line tape, reinstating for users on demand. It is expected that most UK science users will access, process and analyse the data in the JASMIN-CEMS hosted environment avoiding the need to download and store data on their local machines. Sentinel 2 and Sentinel 3 data will follow soon, with landcover mapping expected to be an important application for Sentinel 2 data. The same approach will be adopted for CMIP6 data, where we expect to both host the largest possible CMIP cache and provide a specific resource for one of the constituent MIPS: HIRESMIP. We expect to provide the UK climate community (and related European collaborators, such as the PRIMAVERA consortium) a 2 PB disk cache alongside a complete copy of HIRESMIP (10-50 PB) on tape. This paper describes these challenging use cases and presents recent infrastructure developments, including how the facility for Climate and Environmental Monitoring from Space, CEMS, exploits JASMIN.

Set processing in a network environment. [data bases and magnetic disks and tapes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hardgrave, W. T.

1975-01-01

A combination of a local network, a mass storage system, and an autonomous set processor serving as a data/storage management machine is described. Its characteristics include: content-accessible data bases usable from all connected devices; efficient storage/access of large data bases; simple and direct programming with data manipulation and storage management handled by the set processor; simple data base design and entry from source representation to set processor representation with no predefinition necessary; capability available for user sort/order specification; significant reduction in tape/disk pack storage and mounts; flexible environment that allows upgrading hardware/software configuration without causing major interruptions in service; minimal traffic on data communications network; and improved central memory usage on large processors.

A program to compute three-dimensional subsonic unsteady aerodynamic characteristics using the doublet lattice method, L216 (DUBFLEX). Volume 2: Supplemental system design and maintenance document

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harrison, B. A.; Richard, M.

1979-01-01

The information necessary for execution of the digital computer program L216 on the CDC 6600 is described. L216 characteristics are based on the doublet lattice method. Arbitrary aerodynamic configurations may be represented with combinations of nonplanar lifting surfaces composed of finite constant pressure panel elements, and axially summetric slender bodies composed of constant pressure line elements. Program input consists of configuration geometry, aerodynamic parameters, and modal data; output includes element geometry, pressure difference distributions, integrated aerodynamic coefficients, stability derivatives, generalized aerodynamic forces, and aerodynamic influence coefficient matrices. Optionally, modal data may be input on magnetic field (tape or disk), and certain geometric and aerodynamic output may be saved for subsequent use.

Data reduction programs for a laser radar system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Badavi, F. F.; Copeland, G. E.

1984-01-01

The listing and description of software routines which were used to analyze the analog data obtained from LIDAR - system are given. All routines are written in FORTRAN - IV on a HP - 1000/F minicomputer which serves as the heart of the data acquisition system for the LIDAR program. This particular system has 128 kilobytes of highspeed memory and is equipped with a Vector Instruction Set (VIS) firmware package, which is used in all the routines, to handle quick execution of different long loops. The system handles floating point arithmetic in hardware in order to enhance the speed of execution. This computer is a 2177 C/F series version of HP - 1000 RTE-IVB data acquisition computer system which is designed for real time data capture/analysis and disk/tape mass storage environment.

Cardiovascular imaging and image processing: Theory and practice - 1975; Proceedings of the Conference, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif., July 10-12, 1975

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harrison, D. C.; Sandler, H.; Miller, H. A.

1975-01-01

The present collection of papers outlines advances in ultrasonography, scintigraphy, and commercialization of medical technology as applied to cardiovascular diagnosis in research and clinical practice. Particular attention is given to instrumentation, image processing and display. As necessary concomitants to mathematical analysis, recently improved magnetic recording methods using tape or disks and high-speed computers of large capacity are coming into use. Major topics include Doppler ultrasonic techniques, high-speed cineradiography, three-dimensional imaging of the myocardium with isotopes, sector-scanning echocardiography, and commercialization of the echocardioscope. Individual items are announced in this issue.

Generation and physical characteristics of the ERTS MSS system corrected computer compatible tapes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thomas, V. L.

1973-01-01

The generation and format are discussed of the ERTS system corrected multispectral scanner computer compatible tapes. The discussion includes spacecraft sensors, scene characteristics, data transmission, and conversion of data to computer compatible tapes at the NASA Data Processing Facility. Geometeric and radiometric corrections, tape formats, and the physical characteristics of the tapes are also included.

Moore's law realities for recording systems and memory storage components: HDD, tape, NAND, and optical

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fontana, Robert E.; Decad, Gary M.

2018-05-01

This paper describes trends in the storage technologies associated with Linear Tape Open (LTO) Tape cartridges, hard disk drives (HDD), and NAND Flash based storage devices including solid-state drives (SSD). This technology discussion centers on the relationship between cost/bit and bit density and, specifically on how the Moore's Law perception that areal density doubling and cost/bit halving every two years is no longer being achieved for storage based components. This observation and a Moore's Law Discussion are demonstrated with data from 9-year storage technology trends, assembled from publically available industry reporting sources.

Emergency Management Computer-Aided Trainer (EMCAT)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rodriguez, R. C.; Johnson, R. P.

1986-01-01

The Emergency Management Computer-Aided Trainer (EMCAT) developed by Essex Corporation or NASA and the Federal Emergency Management Administration's (FEMA) National Fire Academy (NFA) is described. It is a computer based training system for fire fighting personnel. A prototype EMCAT system was developed by NASA first using video tape images and then video disk images when the technology became available. The EMCAT system is meant to fill the training needs of the fire fighting community with affordable state-of-the-art technologies. An automated real time simulation of the fire situation was needed to replace the outdated manual training methods currently being used. In order to be successful, this simulator had to provide realism, be user friendly, be affordable, and support multiple scenarios. The EMCAT system meets these requirements and therefore represents an innovative training tool, not only for the fire fighting community, but also for the needs of other disciplines.

18 CFR 1301.10 - Fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... example, magnetic tape or disk), among others. TVA shall honor a requester's specified preference of form... education, or an institution of professional education, or an institution of vocational education, that...

An efficient, modular and simple tape archiving solution for LHC Run-3

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Murray, S.; Bahyl, V.; Cancio, G.; Cano, E.; Kotlyar, V.; Kruse, D. F.; Leduc, J.

2017-10-01

The IT Storage group at CERN develops the software responsible for archiving to tape the custodial copy of the physics data generated by the LHC experiments. Physics run 3 will start in 2021 and will introduce two major challenges for which the tape archive software must be evolved. Firstly the software will need to make more efficient use of tape drives in order to sustain the predicted data rate of 150 petabytes per year as opposed to the current 50 petabytes per year. Secondly the software will need to be seamlessly integrated with EOS, which has become the de facto disk storage system provided by the IT Storage group for physics data. The tape storage software for LHC physics run 3 is code named CTA (the CERN Tape Archive). This paper describes how CTA will introduce a pre-emptive drive scheduler to use tape drives more efficiently, will encapsulate all tape software into a single module that will sit behind one or more EOS systems, and will be simpler by dropping support for obsolete backwards compatibility.

Evolution of Archival Storage (from Tape to Memory)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ramapriyan, Hampapuram K.

2015-01-01

Over the last three decades, there has been a significant evolution in storage technologies supporting archival of remote sensing data. This section provides a brief survey of how these technologies have evolved. Three main technologies are considered - tape, hard disk and solid state disk. Their historical evolution is traced, summarizing how reductions in cost have helped being able to store larger volumes of data on faster media. The cost per GB of media is only one of the considerations in determining the best approach to archival storage. Active archives generally require faster response to user requests for data than permanent archives. The archive costs have to consider facilities and other capital costs, operations costs, software licenses, utilities costs, etc. For meeting requirements in any organization, typically a mix of technologies is needed.

NSSDC Conference on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies for Space and Earth Science Applications, volume 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kobler, Ben (Editor); Hariharan, P. C. (Editor); Blasso, L. G. (Editor)

1992-01-01

This report contains copies of nearly all of the technical papers and viewgraphs presented at the NSSDC Conference on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies for Space and Earth Science Application. This conference served as a broad forum for the discussion of a number of important issues in the field of mass storage systems. Topics include the following: magnetic disk and tape technologies; optical disk and tape; software storage and file management systems; and experiences with the use of a large, distributed storage system. The technical presentations describe, among other things, integrated mass storage systems that are expected to be available commercially. Also included is a series of presentations from Federal Government organizations and research institutions covering their mass storage requirements for the 1990's.

NSSDC Conference on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies for Space and Earth Science Applications, volume 3

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kobler, Ben (Editor); Hariharan, P. C. (Editor); Blasso, L. G. (Editor)

1992-01-01

This report contains copies of nearly all of the technical papers and viewgraphs presented at the National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC) Conference on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies for Space and Earth Science Applications. This conference served as a broad forum for the discussion of a number of important issues in the field of mass storage systems. Topics include magnetic disk and tape technologies, optical disk and tape, software storage and file management systems, and experiences with the use of a large, distributed storage system. The technical presentations describe, among other things, integrated mass storage systems that are expected to be available commercially. Also included is a series of presentations from Federal Government organizations and research institutions covering their mass storage requirements for the 1990s.

Cost-effective data storage/archival subsystem for functional PACS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Y. P.; Kim, Yongmin

1993-09-01

Not the least of the requirements of a workable PACS is the ability to store and archive vast amounts of information. A medium-size hospital will generate between 1 and 2 TBytes of data annually on a fully functional PACS. A high-speed image transmission network coupled with a comparably high-speed central data storage unit can make local memory and magnetic disks in the PACS workstations less critical and, in an extreme case, unnecessary. Under these circumstances, the capacity and performance of the central data storage subsystem and database is critical in determining the response time at the workstations, thus significantly affecting clinical acceptability. The central data storage subsystem not only needs to provide sufficient capacity to store about ten days worth of images (five days worth of new studies, and on the average, about one comparison study for each new study), but also supplies images to the requesting workstation in a timely fashion. The database must provide fast retrieval responses upon users' requests for images. This paper analyzes both advantages and disadvantages of multiple parallel transfer disks versus RAID disks for short-term central data storage subsystem, as well as optical disk jukebox versus digital recorder tape subsystem for long-term archive. Furthermore, an example high-performance cost-effective storage subsystem which integrates both the RAID disks and high-speed digital tape subsystem as a cost-effective PACS data storage/archival unit are presented.

Generation and physical characteristics of the LANDSAT-1, -2 and -3 MSS computer compatible tapes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thomas, V. L.

1977-01-01

The generation and format of the LANDSAT 1, 2, and 3 system corrected multispectral scanner computer compatible tapes are discussed. Included in the discussion are the spacecraft sensors, scene characteristics, the transmission of data, and the conversion of the data to computer compatible tapes. Also included in the discussion are geometric and radiometric corrections, tape formats, and the physical characteristics of the tape.

Generation and physical characteristics of the Landsat 1 and 2 MSS computer compatible tapes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thomas, V. L.

1975-01-01

The generation and format is discussed of the Landsat 1 and 2 system corrected multispectral scanner computer compatible tapes. Included in the discussion are the spacecraft sensors, scene characteristics, the transmission of data, and the conversion of the data to computer compatible tapes at the NASA Data Processing Facility. Geometric and radiometric corrections, tape formats, and the physical characteristics of the tape are also described.

5 CFR 1303.30 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... (e.g., magnetic tape or disk), among others. The requester's specified preference of form or format... institution of vocational education, that operates a program or programs of scholarly research. (i) The term...

ICI optical data storage tape

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mclean, Robert A.; Duffy, Joseph F.

1991-01-01

Optical data storage tape is now a commercial reality. The world's first successful development of a digital optical tape system is complete. This is based on the Creo 1003 optical tape recorder with ICI 1012 write-once optical tape media. Several other optical tape drive development programs are underway, including one using the IBM 3480 style cartridge at LaserTape Systems. In order to understand the significance and potential of this step change in recording technology, it is useful to review the historical progress of optical storage. This has been slow to encroach on magnetic storage, and has not made any serious dent on the world's mountains of paper and microfilm. Some of the reasons for this are the long time needed for applications developers, systems integrators, and end users to take advantage of the potential storage capacity; access time and data transfer rate have traditionally been too slow for high-performance applications; and optical disk media has been expensive compared with magnetic tape. ICI's strategy in response to these concerns was to concentrate its efforts on flexible optical media; in particular optical tape. The manufacturing achievements, media characteristics, and media lifetime of optical media are discussed.

CERES AuTomAted job Loading SYSTem (CATALYST): An automated workflow manager for satellite data production

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gleason, J. L.; Hillyer, T. N.; Wilkins, J.

2012-12-01

The CERES Science Team integrates data from 5 CERES instruments onboard the Terra, Aqua and NPP missions. The processing chain fuses CERES observations with data from 19 other unique sources. The addition of CERES Flight Model 5 (FM5) onboard NPP, coupled with ground processing system upgrades further emphasizes the need for an automated job-submission utility to manage multiple processing streams concurrently. The operator-driven, legacy-processing approach relied on manually staging data from magnetic tape to limited spinning disk attached to a shared memory architecture system. The migration of CERES production code to a distributed, cluster computing environment with approximately one petabyte of spinning disk containing all precursor input data products facilitates the development of a CERES-specific, automated workflow manager. In the cluster environment, I/O is the primary system resource in contention across jobs. Therefore, system load can be maximized with a throttling workload manager. This poster discusses a Java and Perl implementation of an automated job management tool tailored for CERES processing.

Users Guide to the JPL Doppler Gravity Database

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Muller, P. M.; Sjogren, W. L.

1986-01-01

Local gravity accelerations and gravimetry have been determined directly from spacecraft Doppler tracking data near the Moon and various planets by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Researchers in many fields have an interest in planet-wide global gravimetric mapping and its applications. Many of them use their own computers in support of their studies and would benefit from being able to directly manipulate these gravity data for inclusion in their own modeling computations. Pubication of some 150 Apollo 15 subsatellite low-altitude, high-resolution, single-orbit data sets is covered. The doppler residuals with a determination of the derivative function providing line-of-sight-gravity are both listed and plotted (on microfilm), and can be ordered in computer readable forms (tape and floppy disk). The form and format of this database as well as the methods of data reduction are explained and referenced. A skeleton computer program is provided which can be modified to support re-reductions and re-formatted presentations suitable to a wide variety of research needs undertaken on mainframe or PC class microcomputers.

Interactive cutting path analysis programs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Weiner, J. M.; Williams, D. S.; Colley, S. R.

1975-01-01

The operation of numerically controlled machine tools is interactively simulated. Four programs were developed to graphically display the cutting paths for a Monarch lathe, Cintimatic mill, Strippit sheet metal punch, and the wiring path for a Standard wire wrap machine. These programs are run on a IMLAC PDS-ID graphic display system under the DOS-3 disk operating system. The cutting path analysis programs accept input via both paper tape and disk file.

A Layered Solution for Supercomputing Storage

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Grider, Gary

To solve the supercomputing challenge of memory keeping up with processing speed, a team at Los Alamos National Laboratory developed two innovative memory management and storage technologies. Burst buffers peel off data onto flash memory to support the checkpoint/restart paradigm of large simulations. MarFS adds a thin software layer enabling a new tier for campaign storage—based on inexpensive, failure-prone disk drives—between disk drives and tape archives.

32 CFR 327.5 - Systems of records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... are not limited to, freedom of religion, freedom of political beliefs, freedom of speech, freedom of.... Other media storing personal data such as tapes, reels, disk packs, etc., must be marked with labels...

Up-to-date state of storage techniques used for large numerical data files

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chlouba, V.

1975-01-01

Methods for data storage and output in data banks and memory files are discussed along with a survey of equipment available for this. Topics discussed include magnetic tapes, magnetic disks, Terabit magnetic tape memory, Unicon 690 laser memory, IBM 1360 photostore, microfilm recording equipment, holographic recording, film readers, optical character readers, digital data storage techniques, and photographic recording. The individual types of equipment are summarized in tables giving the basic technical parameters.

High performance compression of science data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Storer, James A.; Cohn, Martin

1992-01-01

In the future, NASA expects to gather over a tera-byte per day of data requiring space for levels of archival storage. Data compression will be a key component in systems that store this data (e.g., optical disk and tape) as well as in communications systems (both between space and Earth and between scientific locations on Earth). We propose to develop algorithms that can be a basis for software and hardware systems that compress a wide variety of scientific data with different criteria for fidelity/bandwidth tradeoffs. The algorithmic approaches we consider are specially targeted for parallel computation where data rates of over 1 billion bits per second are achievable with current technology.

High performance compression of science data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Storer, James A.; Cohn, Martin

1993-01-01

In the future, NASA expects to gather over a tera-byte per day of data requiring space for levels of archival storage. Data compression will be a key component in systems that store this data (e.g., optical disk and tape) as well as in communications systems (both between space and Earth and between scientific locations on Earth). We propose to develop algorithms that can be a basis for software and hardware systems that compress a wide variety of scientific data with different criteria for fidelity/bandwidth tradeoffs. The algorithmic approaches we consider are specially targeted for parallel computation where data rates of over 1 billion bits per second are achievable with current technology.

Digital tape unit test facility software

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jackson, J. T.

1971-01-01

Two computer programs are described which are used for the collection and analysis of data from the digital tape unit test facility (DTUTF). The data are the recorded results of skew tests made on magnetic digital tapes which are used on computers as input/output media. The results of each tape test are keypunched onto an 80 column computer card. The format of the card is checked and the card image is stored on a master summary tape via the DTUTF card checking and tape updating system. The master summary tape containing the results of all the tape tests is then used for analysis as input to the DTUTF histogram generating system which produces a histogram of skew vs. date for selected data, followed by some statistical analysis of the data.

77 FR 4321 - Sunshine Act Meeting; Open Commission Meeting; January 31, 2012

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-27

... Americans while minimizing the universal service contribution burden, including by eliminating waste, fraud... print/ type; digital disk; and audio and video tape. Best Copy and Printing, Inc. may be reached by...

Improving the Spacelab mass memory unit tape layout with a simulation model

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Noneman, S. R.

1984-01-01

A tape drive called the Mass Memory Unit (MMU) stores software used by Spacelab computers. MMU tape motion must be minimized during typical flight operations to avoid a loss of scientific data. A projection of the tape motion is needed for evaluation of candidate tape layouts. A computer simulation of the scheduled and unscheduled MMU tape accesses is developed for this purpose. This simulation permits evaluations of candidate tape layouts by tracking and summarizing tape movements. The factors that affect tape travel are investigated and a heuristic is developed to find a good tape layout. An improved tape layout for Spacelab I is selected after the evaluation of fourteen candidates. The simulation model will provide the ability to determine MMU layouts that substantially decrease the tape travel on future Spacelab flights.

Near-field phase-change recording using a GaN laser diode

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kishima, Koichiro; Ichimura, Isao; Yamamoto, Kenji; Osato, Kiyoshi; Kuroda, Yuji; Iida, Atsushi; Saito, Kimihiro

2000-09-01

We developed a 1.5-Numerical-Aperture optical setup using a GaN blue-violet laser diode. We used a 1.0 mm-diameter super-hemispherical solid immersion lens, and optimized a phase-change disk structure including the cover layer by the method of MTF simulation. The disk surface was polished by tape burnishing technique. An eye-pattern of (1-7)-coded data at the linear density of 80 nm/bit was demonstrated on the phase-change disk below a 50 nm gap height, which was realized through our air-gap servo mechanism.

A Layered Solution for Supercomputing Storage

ScienceCinema

Grider, Gary

2018-06-13

To solve the supercomputing challenge of memory keeping up with processing speed, a team at Los Alamos National Laboratory developed two innovative memory management and storage technologies. Burst buffers peel off data onto flash memory to support the checkpoint/restart paradigm of large simulations. MarFS adds a thin software layer enabling a new tier for campaign storage—based on inexpensive, failure-prone disk drives—between disk drives and tape archives.

Automated Camouflage Pattern Generation Technology Survey.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-08-07

supported by high speed data communications? Costs: 9 What are your rates? $/CPU hour: $/MB disk storage/day: S/connect hour: other charges: What are your... data to the workstation, tape drives are needed for backing up and archiving completed patterns, 256 megabytes of on-line hard disk space as a minimum...is needed to support multiple processes and data files, and 4 megabytes of actual or virtual memory is needed to process the largest expected single

Attaching IBM-compatible 3380 disks to Cray X-MP

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Engert, D.E.; Midlock, J.L.

1989-01-01

A method of attaching IBM-compatible 3380 disks directly to a Cray X-MP via the XIOP with a BMC is described. The IBM 3380 disks appear to the UNICOS operating system as DD-29 disks with UNICOS file systems. IBM 3380 disks provide cheap, reliable large capacity disk storage. Combined with a small number of high-speed Cray disks, the IBM disks provide for the bulk of the storage for small files and infrequently used files. Cray Research designed the BMC and its supporting software in the XIOP to allow IBM tapes and other devices to be attached to the X-MP. No hardwaremore » changes were necessary, and we added less than 2000 lines of code to the XIOP to accomplish this project. This system has been in operation for over eight months. Future enhancements such as the use of a cache controller and attachment to a Y-MP are also described. 1 tab.« less

Analysis Report for Exascale Storage Requirements for Scientific Data.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ruwart, Thomas M.

Over the next 10 years, the Department of Energy will be transitioning from Petascale to Exascale Computing resulting in data storage, networking, and infrastructure requirements to increase by three orders of magnitude. The technologies and best practices used today are the result of a relatively slow evolution of ancestral technologies developed in the 1950s and 1960s. These include magnetic tape, magnetic disk, networking, databases, file systems, and operating systems. These technologies will continue to evolve over the next 10 to 15 years on a reasonably predictable path. Experience with the challenges involved in transitioning these fundamental technologies from Terascale tomore » Petascale computing systems has raised questions about how these will scale another 3 or 4 orders of magnitude to meet the requirements imposed by Exascale computing systems. This report is focused on the most concerning scaling issues with data storage systems as they relate to High Performance Computing- and presents options for a path forward. Given the ability to store exponentially increasing amounts of data, far more advanced concepts and use of metadata will be critical to managing data in Exascale computing systems.« less

Interactive computer methods for generating mineral-resource maps

USGS Publications Warehouse

Calkins, James Alfred; Crosby, A.S.; Huffman, T.E.; Clark, A.L.; Mason, G.T.; Bascle, R.J.

1980-01-01

Inasmuch as maps are a basic tool of geologists, the U.S. Geological Survey's CRIB (Computerized Resources Information Bank) was constructed so that the data it contains can be used to generate mineral-resource maps. However, by the standard methods used-batch processing and off-line plotting-the production of a finished map commonly takes 2-3 weeks. To produce computer-generated maps more rapidly, cheaply, and easily, and also to provide an effective demonstration tool, we have devised two related methods for plotting maps as alternatives to conventional batch methods. These methods are: 1. Quick-Plot, an interactive program whose output appears on a CRT (cathode-ray-tube) device, and 2. The Interactive CAM (Cartographic Automatic Mapping system), which combines batch and interactive runs. The output of the Interactive CAM system is final compilation (not camera-ready) paper copy. Both methods are designed to use data from the CRIB file in conjunction with a map-plotting program. Quick-Plot retrieves a user-selected subset of data from the CRIB file, immediately produces an image of the desired area on a CRT device, and plots data points according to a limited set of user-selected symbols. This method is useful for immediate evaluation of the map and for demonstrating how trial maps can be made quickly. The Interactive CAM system links the output of an interactive CRIB retrieval to a modified version of the CAM program, which runs in the batch mode and stores plotting instructions on a disk, rather than on a tape. The disk can be accessed by a CRT, and, thus, the user can view and evaluate the map output on a CRT immediately after a batch run, without waiting 1-3 days for an off-line plot. The user can, therefore, do most of the layout and design work in a relatively short time by use of the CRT, before generating a plot tape and having the map plotted on an off-line plotter.

29 CFR 102.117 - Freedom of Information Act Regulations: Board materials and formal documents available for public...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

....g., magnetic tape or disk), among others. The Agency shall honor a requester's specified preference... education, an institution of professional education, or an institution of vocational education, that...

Proceedings of the NSSDC Conference on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies for Space and Earth Science Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Blackwell, Kim; Blasso, Len (Editor); Lipscomb, Ann (Editor)

1991-01-01

The proceedings of the National Space Science Data Center Conference on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies for Space and Earth Science Applications held July 23 through 25, 1991 at the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center are presented. The program includes a keynote address, invited technical papers, and selected technical presentations to provide a broad forum for the discussion of a number of important issues in the field of mass storage systems. Topics include magnetic disk and tape technologies, optical disk and tape, software storage and file management systems, and experiences with the use of a large, distributed storage system. The technical presentations describe integrated mass storage systems that are expected to be available commercially. Also included is a series of presentations from Federal Government organizations and research institutions covering their mass storage requirements for the 1990's.

VAXCMS - VAX CONTINUOUS MONITORING SYSTEM, VERSION 2.2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Farkas, L.

1994-01-01

The VAX Continuous Monitoring System (VAXCMS) was developed at NASA Headquarters to aid system managers in monitoring the performance of VAX systems through the generation of graphic images which summarize trends in performance metrics over time. Since its initial development, VAXCMS has been extensively modified at the NASA Lewis Research Center. Data is produced by utilizing the VMS MONITOR utility to collect the performance data, and then feeding the data through custom-developed linkages to the Computer Associates' TELL-A-GRAF computer graphics software to generate the chart images for analysis by the system manager. The VMS ACCOUNTING utility is also utilized to gather interactive process information. The charts that are generated by VAXCMS are: 1) CPU modes for each node over the most recent four month period 2) CPU modes for the cluster as a whole using a weighted average of all the nodes in the cluster based on processing power 3) Percent of primary memory in use for each node over the most recent four month period 4) Interactive processes for all nodes over the most recent four month period 5) Daily, weekly, and monthly, performance summaries for CPU modes, percent of primary memory in use, and page fault rates for each node 6) Daily disk I/O performance data plotting Average Disk I/O Response Time based on I/O Operation Rate and Queue Length. VAXCMS is written in DCL and VAX FORTRAN for use with DEC VAX series computers running VMS 5.1 or later. This program requires the TELL-A-GRAF graphics package in order to generate plots of system data. A FORTRAN compiler is required. The standard distribution medium for VAXCMS is a 9-track 1600 BPI magnetic tape in DEC VAX BACKUP format. It is also available on a TK50 tape cartridge in DEC VAX BACKUP format. An electronic copy of the documentation in ASCII format is included on the distribution medium. Portions of this code are copyrighted by Mr. David Lavery and are distributed with his permission. These portions of the code may not be redistributed commercially.

Lead isotope data bank; 2,624 samples and analyses cited

USGS Publications Warehouse

Doe, Bruce R.

1976-01-01

The Lead Isotope Data Bank (LIDB) was initiated to facilitate plotting data. Therefore, the Bank reflects data most often used in plotting rather than comprises a comprehensive tabulation of lead isotope data. Up until now, plotting was done using card decks processed by computer with tapes plotted by a Gerber plotter and more recently a CRT using a batch mode. Lack of a uniform format for sample identification was not a great impediment. With increase in the size of the bank, hand sorting is becoming prohibitive and ·plans are underway to put the bank into a uniform format on DISK with a card backup so that it may be accessed by use of IRIS on the DECK 10 computer at the U.S.G.S. facility in Denver. Plots will be constructed on a CRT. Entry of the bank into the IRIS accessing program is scheduled for completion in FY 1976

LOFT data acquisition and visual display system (DAVDS) presentation program

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bullock, M.G.; Miyasaki, F.S.

1976-03-01

The Data Acquisition and Visual Display System (DAVDS) at the Loss-of-Fluid Test Facility (LOFT) has 742 data channel recording capability of which 576 are recorded digitally. The purpose of this computer program is to graphically present the data acquired and/or processed by the LOFT DAVDS. This program takes specially created plot data buffers of up to 1024 words and generates time history plots on the system electrostatic printer-plotter. The data can be extracted from two system input devices: Magnetic disk or digital magnetic tape. Versatility has been designed in the program by providing the user three methods of scaling plots:more » Automatic, control record, and manual. Time required to produce a plot on the system electrostatic printer-plotter varies from 30 to 90 seconds depending on the options selected. The basic computer and program details are described.« less

Recent evolution of the offline computing model of the NOvA experiment

DOE PAGES

Habig, Alec; Norman, A.; Group, Craig

2015-12-23

The NOvA experiment at Fermilab is a long-baseline neutrino experiment designed to study ν e appearance in a ν μ beam. Over the last few years there has been intense work to streamline the computing infrastructure in preparation for data, which started to flow in from the far detector in Fall 2013. Major accomplishments for this effort include migration to the use of off-site resources through the use of the Open Science Grid and upgrading the file-handling framework from simple disk storage to a tiered system using a comprehensive data management and delivery system to find and access files onmore » either disk or tape storage. NOvA has already produced more than 6.5 million files and more than 1 PB of raw data and Monte Carlo simulation files which are managed under this model. In addition, the current system has demonstrated sustained rates of up to 1 TB/hour of file transfer by the data handling system. NOvA pioneered the use of new tools and this paved the way for their use by other Intensity Frontier experiments at Fermilab. Most importantly, the new framework places the experiment's infrastructure on a firm foundation, and is ready to produce the files needed for first physics.« less

Recent Evolution of the Offline Computing Model of the NOvA Experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Habig, Alec; Norman, A.

2015-12-01

The NOvA experiment at Fermilab is a long-baseline neutrino experiment designed to study νe appearance in a νμ beam. Over the last few years there has been intense work to streamline the computing infrastructure in preparation for data, which started to flow in from the far detector in Fall 2013. Major accomplishments for this effort include migration to the use of off-site resources through the use of the Open Science Grid and upgrading the file-handling framework from simple disk storage to a tiered system using a comprehensive data management and delivery system to find and access files on either disk or tape storage. NOvA has already produced more than 6.5 million files and more than 1 PB of raw data and Monte Carlo simulation files which are managed under this model. The current system has demonstrated sustained rates of up to 1 TB/hour of file transfer by the data handling system. NOvA pioneered the use of new tools and this paved the way for their use by other Intensity Frontier experiments at Fermilab. Most importantly, the new framework places the experiment's infrastructure on a firm foundation, and is ready to produce the files needed for first physics.

Defense Automation Resources Management Manual

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-09-01

Electronic Command Signals Programmer, Plugboard Programmers Punch, Card Punch, Paper Tape Reader, Character Reader-Generator, Time Cards Reader...Multiplexor-Shift Register Group Multiplier Panel Control, Plugboard Panel, Interconnection, Digital Computer Panel, Meter-Attenuator, Tape Recorder PC Cards...Perforator, Tape Plug-In Unit Potentiometer, Coefficient, Analog Computer Programmer, Plugboard Punch, Paper Tape Racks Reader, Time Code Reader

Unmanned Systems Acquisition and Technology Development: Is a More Integrated Approach Required

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-11-01

The initial niche market of college students grew and in a few years, the music industry was forced to completely change its business models as...accepted and initially more effective sustaining technologies.39 An example of a sustaining technology would be the compact disk within the music ... industry . Like the advancement from the vinyl record to the cassette tape, the incremental advance to the compact disk was a vast improvement over the

Studies of rotating liquid floating zones on Skylab IV

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carruthers, J. R.; Gibson, E. G.; Klett, M. G.; Facemire, B. R.

1975-01-01

Liquid zones of water, soap solution and soap foam were deployed between two aligned circular disks which were free to rotate about the zone axis in the microgravity environment of Skylab IV. Such a configuration is of interest in the containerless handling of melts for possible future space processing crystal growth experiments. Three basic types of zone surface deformation and instability were observed for these rotational conditions; axisymmetric shape changes under single disk rotation, nonaxisymmetric, whirling, C-modes for long zones with equal rotation of both disks, and capillary wave phenomena for short zones with equal rotation of both disks. The sources of these instabilities and the conditions promoting them are analyzed in detail from video tape recordings of the Skylab experiments.

Development of a 32-bit UNIX-based ELAS workstation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Spiering, Bruce A.; Pearson, Ronnie W.; Cheng, Thomas D.

1987-01-01

A mini/microcomputer UNIX-based image analysis workstation has been designed and is being implemented to use the Earth Resources Laboratory Applications Software (ELAS). The hardware system includes a MASSCOMP 5600 computer, which is a 32-bit UNIX-based system (compatible with AT&T System V and Berkeley 4.2 BSD operating system), a floating point accelerator, a 474-megabyte fixed disk, a tri-density magnetic tape drive, and an 1152 by 910 by 12-plane color graphics/image interface. The software conversion includes reconfiguring the ELAs driver Master Task, recompiling and then testing the converted application modules. This hardware and software configuration is a self-sufficient image analysis workstation which can be used as a stand-alone system, or networked with other compatible workstations.

Digital methods of recording color television images on film tape

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Krivitskaya, R. Y.; Semenov, V. M.

1985-04-01

Three methods are now available for recording color television images on film tape, directly or after appropriate finish of signal processing. Conventional recording of images from the screens of three kinescopes with synthetic crystal face plates is still most effective for high fidelity. This method was improved by digital preprocessing of brightness color-difference signal. Frame-by-frame storage of these signals in the memory in digital form is followed by gamma and aperture correction and electronic correction of crossover distortions in the color layers of the film with fixing in accordance with specific emulsion procedures. The newer method of recording color television images with line arrays of light-emitting diodes involves dichromic superposing mirrors and a movable scanning mirror. This method allows the use of standard movie cameras, simplifies interlacing-to-linewise conversion and the mechanical equipment, and lengthens exposure time while it shortens recording time. The latest image transform method requires an audio-video recorder, a memory disk, a digital computer, and a decoder. The 9-step procedure includes preprocessing the total color television signal with reduction of noise level and time errors, followed by frame frequency conversion and setting the number of lines. The total signal is then resolved into its brightness and color-difference components and phase errors and image blurring are also reduced. After extraction of R,G,B signals and colorimetric matching of TV camera and film tape, the simultaneous R,B, B signals are converted from interlacing to sequential triades of color-quotient frames with linewise scanning at triple frequency. Color-quotient signals are recorded with an electron beam on a smoothly moving black-and-white film tape under vacuum. While digital techniques improve the signal quality and simplify the control of processes, not requiring stabilization of circuits, image processing is still analog.

NSSDC: Preserving time with technological advances

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Perry, Charleen

1990-01-01

The National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC) has always striven to use the best methods and media currently available from data accessibility and archive management. The various advantages and disadvantages of four different media forms that have been used by NSSDC over 12 years of archiving and distributing of International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) data are discussed. The four media are nine track magnetic tape, IBM 3850 mass storage, Memorex 3480 18 track tape catridge, and the Sony 6.5 Gbyte Century optical disk. The CD-ROM medium is also discussed.

28 CFR 100.18 - Audit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... such as disk, tape) or type (e.g., data bases, applications software, data base management software...., date bases, applications software, data base management software, utilities), sufficient to reflect... timeliness of the cost data, the FBI or other representatives of the Government shall have the right to...

28 CFR 100.18 - Audit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... such as disk, tape) or type (e.g., data bases, applications software, data base management software...., date bases, applications software, data base management software, utilities), sufficient to reflect... timeliness of the cost data, the FBI or other representatives of the Government shall have the right to...

28 CFR 100.18 - Audit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... such as disk, tape) or type (e.g., data bases, applications software, data base management software...., date bases, applications software, data base management software, utilities), sufficient to reflect... timeliness of the cost data, the FBI or other representatives of the Government shall have the right to...

28 CFR 100.18 - Audit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... such as disk, tape) or type (e.g., data bases, applications software, data base management software...., date bases, applications software, data base management software, utilities), sufficient to reflect... timeliness of the cost data, the FBI or other representatives of the Government shall have the right to...

28 CFR 100.18 - Audit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... such as disk, tape) or type (e.g., data bases, applications software, data base management software...., date bases, applications software, data base management software, utilities), sufficient to reflect... timeliness of the cost data, the FBI or other representatives of the Government shall have the right to...

High-performance mass storage system for workstations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chiang, T.; Tang, Y.; Gupta, L.; Cooperman, S.

1993-01-01

Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) workstations and Personnel Computers (PC) are very popular tools for office automation, command and control, scientific analysis, database management, and many other applications. However, when using Input/Output (I/O) intensive applications, the RISC workstations and PC's are often overburdened with the tasks of collecting, staging, storing, and distributing data. Also, by using standard high-performance peripherals and storage devices, the I/O function can still be a common bottleneck process. Therefore, the high-performance mass storage system, developed by Loral AeroSys' Independent Research and Development (IR&D) engineers, can offload a RISC workstation of I/O related functions and provide high-performance I/O functions and external interfaces. The high-performance mass storage system has the capabilities to ingest high-speed real-time data, perform signal or image processing, and stage, archive, and distribute the data. This mass storage system uses a hierarchical storage structure, thus reducing the total data storage cost, while maintaining high-I/O performance. The high-performance mass storage system is a network of low-cost parallel processors and storage devices. The nodes in the network have special I/O functions such as: SCSI controller, Ethernet controller, gateway controller, RS232 controller, IEEE488 controller, and digital/analog converter. The nodes are interconnected through high-speed direct memory access links to form a network. The topology of the network is easily reconfigurable to maximize system throughput for various applications. This high-performance mass storage system takes advantage of a 'busless' architecture for maximum expandability. The mass storage system consists of magnetic disks, a WORM optical disk jukebox, and an 8mm helical scan tape to form a hierarchical storage structure. Commonly used files are kept in the magnetic disk for fast retrieval. The optical disks are used as archive media, and the tapes are used as backup media. The storage system is managed by the IEEE mass storage reference model-based UniTree software package. UniTree software will keep track of all files in the system, will automatically migrate the lesser used files to archive media, and will stage the files when needed by the system. The user can access the files without knowledge of their physical location. The high-performance mass storage system developed by Loral AeroSys will significantly boost the system I/O performance and reduce the overall data storage cost. This storage system provides a highly flexible and cost-effective architecture for a variety of applications (e.g., realtime data acquisition with a signal and image processing requirement, long-term data archiving and distribution, and image analysis and enhancement).

36 CFR 1236.28 - What additional requirements apply to the selection and maintenance of electronic records storage...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., contact phone number (301) 975-6478. (d) Agencies must test magnetic computer tape media no more than 6... retention. This test should verify that the magnetic computer tape media are free of permanent errors and in... magnetic computer tape media containing permanent and unscheduled records to identify any loss of data and...

Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) trade analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fox, M. M.; Nebb, J.

1983-01-01

The Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) which will collect data pertinent to the Earth's upper atmosphere is described. The collected data will be sent to the central data handling facility (CDHF) via the UARS ground system and the data will be processed and distributed to the remote analysis computer systems (RACS). An overview of the UARS ground system is presented. Three configurations were developed for the CDHF-RACS system. The CDHF configurations are discussed. The IBM CDHF configuration, the UNIVAC CDHF configuration and the vax cluster CDHF configuration are presented. The RACS configurations, the IBM RACS configurations, UNIVAC RACS and VAX RACS are detailed. Due to the large on-line data estimate to approximately 100 GB, a mass storage system is considered essential to the UARS CDHF. Mass storage systems were analyzed and the Braegan ATL, the RCA optical disk, the IBM 3850 and the MASSTOR M860 are discussed. It is determined that the type of mass storage system most suitable to UARS is the automated tape/cartridge device. Two devices of this type, the IBM 3850 and the MASSTOR MSS are analyzed and the applicable tape/cartridge device is incorporated into the three CDHF-RACS configurations.

MICE data handling on the Grid

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martyniak, J.; Mice Collaboration

2014-06-01

The international Muon Ionisation Cooling Experiment (MICE) is designed to demonstrate the principle of muon ionisation cooling for the first time, for application to a future Neutrino factory or Muon Collider. The experiment is currently under construction at the ISIS synchrotron at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), UK. In this paper we present a system - the Raw Data Mover, which allows us to store and distribute MICE raw data - and a framework for offline reconstruction and data management. The aim of the Raw Data Mover is to upload raw data files onto a safe tape storage as soon as the data have been written out by the DAQ system and marked as ready to be uploaded. Internal integrity of the files is verified and they are uploaded to the RAL Tier-1 Castor Storage Element (SE) and placed on two tapes for redundancy. We also make another copy at a separate disk-based SE at this stage to make it easier for users to access data quickly. Both copies are check-summed and the replicas are registered with an instance of the LCG File Catalog (LFC). On success a record with basic file properties is added to the MICE Metadata DB. The reconstruction process is triggered by new raw data records filled in by the mover system described above. Off-line reconstruction jobs for new raw files are submitted to RAL Tier-1 and the output is stored on tape. Batch reprocessing is done at multiple MICE enabled Grid sites and output files are shipped to central tape or disk storage at RAL using a custom File Transfer Controller.

An emerging network storage management standard: Media error monitoring and reporting information (MEMRI) - to determine optical tape data integrity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Podio, Fernando; Vollrath, William; Williams, Joel; Kobler, Ben; Crouse, Don

1998-01-01

Sophisticated network storage management applications are rapidly evolving to satisfy a market demand for highly reliable data storage systems with large data storage capacities and performance requirements. To preserve a high degree of data integrity, these applications must rely on intelligent data storage devices that can provide reliable indicators of data degradation. Error correction activity generally occurs within storage devices without notification to the host. Early indicators of degradation and media error monitoring 333 and reporting (MEMR) techniques implemented in data storage devices allow network storage management applications to notify system administrators of these events and to take appropriate corrective actions before catastrophic errors occur. Although MEMR techniques have been implemented in data storage devices for many years, until 1996 no MEMR standards existed. In 1996 the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approved the only known (world-wide) industry standard specifying MEMR techniques to verify stored data on optical disks. This industry standard was developed under the auspices of the Association for Information and Image Management (AIIM). A recently formed AIIM Optical Tape Subcommittee initiated the development of another data integrity standard specifying a set of media error monitoring tools and media error monitoring information (MEMRI) to verify stored data on optical tape media. This paper discusses the need for intelligent storage devices that can provide data integrity metadata, the content of the existing data integrity standard for optical disks, and the content of the MEMRI standard being developed by the AIIM Optical Tape Subcommittee.

Terabyte IDE RAID-5 Disk Arrays

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

David A. Sanders et al.

2003-09-30

High energy physics experiments are currently recording large amounts of data and in a few years will be recording prodigious quantities of data. New methods must be developed to handle this data and make analysis at universities possible. We examine some techniques that exploit recent developments in commodity hardware. We report on tests of redundant arrays of integrated drive electronics (IDE) disk drives for use in offline high energy physics data analysis. IDE redundant array of inexpensive disks (RAID) prices now are less than the cost per terabyte of million-dollar tape robots! The arrays can be scaled to sizes affordablemore » to institutions without robots and used when fast random access at low cost is important.« less

Army Medical Imaging System - ARMIS

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-08-08

modems , scanners, hard disk drives, dot matrix printers, erasable-optical disc drives, CD-ROM drives, WORM disc drives and tape drives are fully...can use 56K leased lines, TI links, digital data circuits, or public telephone lines. 3. ISDN The Integrated Services Digital Network, ISDN, is a

APQ-102 imaging radar digital image quality study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Griffin, C. R.; Estes, J. M.

1982-01-01

A modified APQ-102 sidelooking radar collected synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data which was digitized and recorded on wideband magnetic tape. These tapes were then ground processed into computer compatible tapes (CCT's). The CCT's may then be processed into high resolution radar images by software on the CYBER computer.

Initial utilization of the CVIRB video production facility

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Parrish, Russell V.; Busquets, Anthony M.; Hogge, Thomas W.

1987-01-01

Video disk technology is one of the central themes of a technology demonstrator workstation being assembled as a man/machine interface for the Space Station Data Management Test Bed at Johnson Space Center. Langley Research Center personnel involved in the conception and implementation of this workstation have assembled a video production facility to allow production of video disk material for this propose. This paper documents the initial familiarization efforts in the field of video production for those personnel and that facility. Although the entire video disk production cycle was not operational for this initial effort, the production of a simulated disk on video tape did acquaint the personnel with the processes involved and with the operation of the hardware. Invaluable experience in storyboarding, script writing, audio and video recording, and audio and video editing was gained in the production process.

Limited Area Coverage/High Resolution Picture Transmission (LAC/HRPT) data vegetative index calculation processor user's manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Obrien, S. O. (Principal Investigator)

1980-01-01

The program, LACVIN, calculates vegetative indexes numbers on limited area coverage/high resolution picture transmission data for selected IJ grid sections. The IJ grid sections were previously extracted from the full resolution data tapes and stored on disk files.

41 CFR 51-8.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... request. Such copies can take the form of paper copy, audio-visual materials, or machine readable materials (e.g., magnetic tape or disk), among others. (g) The term search includes all time spent looking... time spent resolving general legal or policy issues regarding the application of exemptions. [54 FR...

41 CFR 51-8.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... request. Such copies can take the form of paper copy, audio-visual materials, or machine readable materials (e.g., magnetic tape or disk), among others. (g) The term search includes all time spent looking... time spent resolving general legal or policy issues regarding the application of exemptions. [54 FR...

Data management support for selected climate data sets using the climate data access system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reph, M. G.

1983-01-01

The functional capabilities of the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Climate Data Access System (CDAS), an interactive data storage and retrieval system, and the archival data sets which this system manages are discussed. The CDAS manages several climate-related data sets, such as the First Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP) Global Experiment (FGGE) Level 2-b and Level 3-a data tapes. CDAS data management support consists of three basic functions: (1) an inventory capability which allows users to search or update a disk-resident inventory describing the contents of each tape in a data set, (2) a capability to depict graphically the spatial coverage of a tape in a data set, and (3) a data set selection capability which allows users to extract portions of a data set using criteria such as time, location, and data source/parameter and output the data to tape, user terminal, or system printer. This report includes figures that illustrate menu displays and output listings for each CDAS function.

Reducing Backups by Utilizing DMF

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cardo, Nicholas P.; Woodrow, Thomas (Technical Monitor)

1994-01-01

Although a filesystem may be migratable, for a period of time the data blocks are on disk only. When performing system dumps, these data blocks are backed up to tape. If the data blocks are offline or dual resident, then only the inode is backed up. If all online files are made dual resident prior to performing system dumps, the dump time and the amount of resources required can be significantly reduced. The High Speed Processors group at the Numerical Aerodynamics Simulation (NAS) Facility at NASA Ames Research Center developed a tool to make all online files dual resident. The result is that a file whose data blocks are on DMF tape and still assigned to the original inode. Our 150GB filesystem used to take 8 to 12 hours to backup and used 50 to 60 tapes. Now the backup is typically under 10 tapes and completes in under 2 hours. This paper discusses this new tool and advantages gained by using it.

Contact sheet recording with a self-acting negative air bearing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Muftu , Sinan (Inventor); Hinteregger, Hans F (Inventor)

2000-01-01

A flat head and a tape transport arrangement impart a wrap angle to the tape at the upstream corner of the head. The wrap angle, corner sharpness and tape stiffness are sufficient to cause a moving tape to form a hollow bump at the upstream corner, thereby creating a hollow into which entrained air can expand, causing a subambient pressure within and downstream of the bump. This pressure keeps the tape in contact with the head. It is created without the need for a groove or complex pressure relief slot(s). No contact pressure arises at the signal exchange site due to media wrap. The highest contact pressures are developed at a wrapped upstream corner. For a tape drive, traveling in both forward and reverse, the wrap can be at both the upstream and downstream (which is the reverse upstream) corners. Heads that are not flat can also be used, if the wrap angle relative to a main surface is sufficient and not too large. The wrapped head can also be used with rotating media, such as disks (floppy and hard) and rotating heads, such as helical wound heads for video recording. Multiple flat tape bearing surfaces can be separated by grooves and/or angles. Each flat can carry heads along one or more gap lines. Multiple adjacent narrow tracks can thus be written for extreme high track density recording.

COMPUTER DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM. PROJECT ROVER, 1962

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Narin, F.

ABS>A system was created for processing large volumes of data from Project ROVER tests at the Nevada Test Site. The data are compiled as analog, frequency modulated tape, which is translated in a Packard-Bell Tape-to-Tape converter into a binary coded decimal (BCD) IBM 7090 computer input tape. This input tape, tape A5, is processed on the 7090 by the RDH-D FORTRAN-II code and its 20 FAP and FORTRAN subroutines. Outputs from the 7090 run are tapes A3, which is a BCD tape used for listing on the IBM 1401 input-output computer, tape B5 which is a binary tape used asmore » input to a Stromberg-Carlson 40/20 cathode ray tube (CRT) plotter, and tape B6 which is a binary tape used for permanent data storage and input to specialized subcodes. The information on tape B5 commands the 40/20 to write grids, data points, and other information on the face of a CRT; the information on the CRT is photographed on 35 mm film which is subsequently developed; full-size (10" x 10") plots are made from the 35 mm film on a Xerox 1824 printer. The 7090 processes a data channel in approximately 4 seconds plus 4 seconds per plot to be made on the 40/20 for that channel. Up to 4500 data and calibration points on any one channel may be processed in one pass of the RDH-D code. This system has been used to produce more than 100,000 prints on the 1824 printer from more than 10,000 different 40/20 plots. At 00 per minute of 7090 time, it costs 60 to process a typical, 3-plot data channel on the 7090; each print on the 1824 costs between 5 and 10 cents including rental, supplies, and operator time. All automatic computer stops in the codes and subroutines are accompanied by on-line instructions to the operator. Extensive redundancy checking is incorporated in the FAP tape handling subroutines. (auth)« less

Picture archiving and communication system--Part one: Filmless radiology and distance radiology.

PubMed

De Backer, A I; Mortelé, K J; De Keulenaer, B L

2004-01-01

Picture archiving and communication system (PACS) is a collection of technologies used to carry out digital medical imaging. PACS is used to digitally acquire medical images from the various modalities, such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, and digital projection radiography. The image data and pertinent information are transmitted to other and possibly remote locations over networks, where they may be displayed on computer workstations for soft copy viewing in multiple locations, thus permitting simultaneous consultations and almost instant reporting from radiologists at a distance. Data are secured and archived on digital media such as optical disks or tape, and may be automatically retrieved as necessary. Close integration with the hospital information system (HIS)--radiology information system (RIS) is critical for system functionality. Medical image management systems are maturing, providing access outside of the radiology department to images throughout the hospital via the Ethernet, at different hospitals, or from a home workstation if teleradiology has been implemented.

Standards on the permanence of recording materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adelstein, Peter Z.

1996-02-01

The permanence of recording materials is dependent upon many factors, and these differ for photographic materials, magnetic tape and optical disks. Photographic permanence is affected by the (1) stability of the material, (2) the photographic processing and (3) the storage conditions. American National Standards on the material and the processing have been published for different types of film and standard test methods have been established for color film. The third feature of photographic permanence is the storage requirements and these have been established for photographic film, prints and plates. Standardization on the permanence of electronic recording materials is more complicated. As with photographic materials, stability is dependent upon (1) the material itself and (2) the storage environment. In addition, retention of the necessary (3) hardware and (4) software is also a prerequisite. American National Standards activity in these areas has been underway for the past six years. A test method for the material which determines the life expectancy of CD-ROMs has been standardized. The problems of determining the expected life of magnetic tape have been more formidable but the critical physical properties have been determined. A specification for the storage environment of magnetic tape has been finalized and one on the storage of optical disks is being worked on. Critical but unsolved problems are the obsolescence of both the hardware and the software necessary to read digital images.

Standards on the permanence of recording materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adelstein, Peter Z.

1996-01-01

The permanence of recording materials is dependent upon many factors, and these differ for photographic materials, magnetic tape and optical disks. Photographic permanence is affected by the (1) stability of the material, (2) the photographic processing, and (3) the storage conditions. American National Standards on the material and the processing have been published for different types of film and standard test methods have been established for color film. The third feature of photographic permanence is the storage requirements and these have been established for photographic film, prints, and plates. Standardization on the permanence of electronic recording materials is more complicated. As with photographic materials, stability is dependent upon (1) the material itself and (2) the storage environment. In addition, retention of the necessary (3) hardware and (4) software is also a prerequisite. American National Standards activity in these areas has been underway for the past six years. A test method for the material which determines the life expectancy of CD-ROMs has been standardized. The problems of determining the expected life of magnetic tape have been more formidable but the critical physical properties have been determined. A specification for the storage environment of magnetic tapes has been finalized and one on the storage of optical disks is being worked on. Critical but unsolved problems are the obsolescence of both the hardware and the software necessary to read digital images.

The Repack Challenge

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kruse, Daniele Francesco

2014-06-01

Physics data stored in CERN tapes is quickly reaching the 100 PB milestone. Tape is an ever-changing technology that is still following Moore's law in terms of capacity. This means we can store every year more and more data in the same amount of tapes. However this doesn't come for free: the first obvious cost is the new higher capacity media. The second less known cost is related to moving the data from the old tapes to the new ones. This activity is what we call repack. Repack is vital for any large tape user: without it, one would have to buy more tape libraries and more floor space and, eventually, data on old non supported tapes would become unreadable and be lost forever. In this paper we describe the challenge of repacking 115 PB before LHC data taking starts in the beginning of 2015. This process will have to run concurrently with the existing experiment tape activities, and therefore needs to be as transparent as possible for users. Making sure that this works out seamlessly implies careful planning of the resources and the various policies for sharing them fairly and conveniently. To tackle this problem we need to fully exploit the speed and throughput of our modern tape drives. This involves proper dimensioning and configuration of the disk arrays and all the links between them and the tape servers, i.e the machines responsible for managing the tape drives. It is also equally important to provide tools to improve the efficiency with which we use our tape libraries. The new repack setup we deployed has on average increased tape drive throughput by 80%, allowing them to perform closer to their design specifications. This improvement in turn means a 48% decrease in the number of drives needed to achieve the required throughput to complete the full repack on time.

49 CFR 701.11 - Fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... of paper, microform, audiovisual materials, or electronic records (i.e., magnetic tape or disk) among... costs do not include overhead expenses such as the costs of space and heating or lighting of the... that operates a program of scholarly research. To be in this category, a requester must show that the...

49 CFR 701.11 - Fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... of paper, microform, audiovisual materials, or electronic records (i.e., magnetic tape or disk) among... costs do not include overhead expenses such as the costs of space and heating or lighting of the... that operates a program of scholarly research. To be in this category, a requester must show that the...

49 CFR 701.11 - Fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... of paper, microform, audiovisual materials, or electronic records (i.e., magnetic tape or disk) among... costs do not include overhead expenses such as the costs of space and heating or lighting of the... that operates a program of scholarly research. To be in this category, a requester must show that the...

49 CFR 701.11 - Fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... of paper, microform, audiovisual materials, or electronic records (i.e., magnetic tape or disk) among... costs do not include overhead expenses such as the costs of space and heating or lighting of the... that operates a program of scholarly research. To be in this category, a requester must show that the...

10 CFR 1004.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... copy of a document necessary to respond to a FOIA request. Such copies can take the form of, but are...., magnetic tape or disk). The copy provided must be in a form that can be reasonably used by requesters. (g... Environmental Management; Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy; Assistant Secretary for Policy and...

10 CFR 1004.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... copy of a document necessary to respond to a FOIA request. Such copies can take the form of, but are...., magnetic tape or disk). The copy provided must be in a form that can be reasonably used by requesters. (g... Environmental Management; Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy; Assistant Secretary for Policy and...

10 CFR 1004.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... copy of a document necessary to respond to a FOIA request. Such copies can take the form of, but are...., magnetic tape or disk). The copy provided must be in a form that can be reasonably used by requesters. (g... Environmental Management; Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy; Assistant Secretary for Policy and...

10 CFR 1004.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... copy of a document necessary to respond to a FOIA request. Such copies can take the form of, but are...., magnetic tape or disk). The copy provided must be in a form that can be reasonably used by requesters. (g... Environmental Management; Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy; Assistant Secretary for Policy and...

10 CFR 1004.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... copy of a document necessary to respond to a FOIA request. Such copies can take the form of, but are...., magnetic tape or disk). The copy provided must be in a form that can be reasonably used by requesters. (g... Environmental Management; Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy; Assistant Secretary for Policy and...

Limited Area Coverage/High Resolution Picture Transmission (LAC/HRPT) tape IJ grid pixel extraction processor user's manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Obrien, S. O. (Principal Investigator)

1980-01-01

The program, LACREG, extracted all pixels that are contained in a specific IJ grid section. The pixels, along with a header record are stored in a disk file defined by the user. The program will extract up to 99 IJ grid sections.

36 CFR 1226.24 - How must agencies destroy temporary records?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... documents. (2) Records on electronic and other media. Records other than paper records (audio, visual, and electronic records on physical media data tapes, disks, and diskettes) may be salvaged and sold in the same... ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTING DISPOSITION § 1226.24 How must agencies destroy temporary records...

36 CFR 1226.24 - How must agencies destroy temporary records?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... documents. (2) Records on electronic and other media. Records other than paper records (audio, visual, and electronic records on physical media data tapes, disks, and diskettes) may be salvaged and sold in the same... ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTING DISPOSITION § 1226.24 How must agencies destroy temporary records...

36 CFR 1226.24 - How must agencies destroy temporary records?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... documents. (2) Records on electronic and other media. Records other than paper records (audio, visual, and electronic records on physical media data tapes, disks, and diskettes) may be salvaged and sold in the same... ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTING DISPOSITION § 1226.24 How must agencies destroy temporary records...

36 CFR 1226.24 - How must agencies destroy temporary records?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... documents. (2) Records on electronic and other media. Records other than paper records (audio, visual, and electronic records on physical media data tapes, disks, and diskettes) may be salvaged and sold in the same... ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTING DISPOSITION § 1226.24 How must agencies destroy temporary records...

36 CFR § 1226.24 - How must agencies destroy temporary records?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... records or documents. (2) Records on electronic and other media. Records other than paper records (audio, visual, and electronic records on physical media data tapes, disks, and diskettes) may be salvaged and... RECORDS ADMINISTRATION RECORDS MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTING DISPOSITION § 1226.24 How must agencies destroy...

The Stoner-Wohlfarth Model of Ferromagnetism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tannous, C.; Gieraltowski, J.

2008-01-01

The Stoner-Wohlfarth (SW) model is the simplest model that describes adequately the physics of fine magnetic grains, the magnetization of which can be used in digital magnetic storage (floppies, hard disks and tapes). Magnetic storage density is presently increasing steadily in almost the same way as electronic device size and circuitry are…

Microgravity

NASA Image and Video Library

1996-01-01

Ted Brunzie and Peter Mason observe the float package and the data rack aboard the DC-9 reduced gravity aircraft. The float package contains a cryostat, a video camera, a pump and accelerometers. The data rack displays and record the video signal from the float package on tape and stores acceleration and temperature measurements on disk.

Feasibility model of a high reliability five-year tape transport. Volume 3: Appendices. [detailed drawing and analytical tools used in analyses

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meyers, A. P.; Davidson, W. A.; Gortowski, R. C.

1973-01-01

Detailed drawings of the five year tape transport are presented. Analytical tools used in the various analyses are described. These analyses include: tape guidance, tape stress over crowned rollers, tape pack stress program, response (computer) program, and control system electronics description.

Disk storage management for LHCb based on Data Popularity estimator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hushchyn, Mikhail; Charpentier, Philippe; Ustyuzhanin, Andrey

2015-12-01

This paper presents an algorithm providing recommendations for optimizing the LHCb data storage. The LHCb data storage system is a hybrid system. All datasets are kept as archives on magnetic tapes. The most popular datasets are kept on disks. The algorithm takes the dataset usage history and metadata (size, type, configuration etc.) to generate a recommendation report. This article presents how we use machine learning algorithms to predict future data popularity. Using these predictions it is possible to estimate which datasets should be removed from disk. We use regression algorithms and time series analysis to find the optimal number of replicas for datasets that are kept on disk. Based on the data popularity and the number of replicas optimization, the algorithm minimizes a loss function to find the optimal data distribution. The loss function represents all requirements for data distribution in the data storage system. We demonstrate how our algorithm helps to save disk space and to reduce waiting times for jobs using this data.

yourSky: Custom Sky-Image Mosaics via the Internet

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jacob, Joseph

2003-01-01

yourSky (http://yourSky.jpl.nasa.gov) is a computer program that supplies custom astronomical image mosaics of sky regions specified by requesters using client computers connected to the Internet. [yourSky is an upgraded version of the software reported in Software for Generating Mosaics of Astronomical Images (NPO-21121), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 25, No. 4 (April 2001), page 16a.] A requester no longer has to engage in the tedious process of determining what subset of images is needed, nor even to know how the images are indexed in image archives. Instead, in response to a requester s specification of the size and location of the sky area, (and optionally of the desired set and type of data, resolution, coordinate system, projection, and image format), yourSky automatically retrieves the component image data from archives totaling tens of terabytes stored on computer tape and disk drives at multiple sites and assembles the component images into a mosaic image by use of a high-performance parallel code. yourSky runs on the server computer where the mosaics are assembled. Because yourSky includes a Web-interface component, no special client software is needed: ordinary Web browser software is sufficient.

ELAS - SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LABORATORY APPLICATIONS SOFTWARE (SILICON GRAPHICS VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Walters, D.

1994-01-01

The Science and Technology Laboratory Applications Software (ELAS) was originally designed to analyze and process digital imagery data, specifically remotely-sensed scanner data. This capability includes the processing of Landsat multispectral data; aircraft-acquired scanner data; digitized topographic data; and numerous other ancillary data, such as soil types and rainfall information, that can be stored in digitized form. ELAS has the subsequent capability to geographically reference this data to dozens of standard, as well as user created projections. As an integrated image processing system, ELAS offers the user of remotely-sensed data a wide range of capabilities in the areas of land cover analysis and general purpose image analysis. ELAS is designed for flexible use and operation and includes its own FORTRAN operating subsystem and an expandable set of FORTRAN application modules. Because all of ELAS resides in one "logical" FORTRAN program, data inputs and outputs, directives, and module switching are convenient for the user. There are over 230 modules presently available to aid the user in performing a wide range of land cover analyses and manipulation. The file management modules enable the user to allocate, define, access, and specify usage for all types of files (ELAS files, subfiles, external files etc.). Various other modules convert specific types of satellite, aircraft, and vector-polygon data into files that can be used by other ELAS modules. The user also has many module options which aid in displaying image data, such as magnification/reduction of the display; true color display; and several memory functions. Additional modules allow for the building and manipulation of polygonal areas of the image data. Finally, there are modules which allow the user to select and classify the image data. An important feature of the ELAS subsystem is that its structure allows new applications modules to be easily integrated in the future. ELAS has as a standard the flexibility to process data elements exceeding 8 bits in length, including floating point (noninteger) elements and 16 or 32 bit integers. Thus it is able to analyze and process "non-standard" nonimage data. The VAX (ERL-10017) and Concurrent (ERL-10013) versions of ELAS 9.0 are written in FORTRAN and ASSEMBLER for DEC VAX series computers running VMS and Concurrent computers running MTM. The Sun (SSC-00019), Masscomp (SSC-00020), and Silicon Graphics (SSC-00021) versions of ELAS 9.0 are written in FORTRAN 77 and C-LANGUAGE for Sun4 series computers running SunOS, Masscomp computers running UNIX, and Silicon Graphics IRIS computers running IRIX. The Concurrent version requires at least 15 bit addressing and a direct memory access channel. The VAX and Concurrent versions of ELAS both require floating-point hardware, at least 1Mb of RAM, and approximately 70Mb of disk space. Both versions also require a COMTAL display device in order to display images. For the Sun, Masscomp, and Silicon Graphics versions of ELAS, the disk storage required is approximately 115Mb, and a minimum of 8Mb of RAM is required for execution. The Sun version of ELAS requires either the X-Window System Version 11 Revision 4 or Sun OpenWindows Version 2. The Masscomp version requires a GA1000 display device and the associated "gp" library. The Silicon Graphics version requires Silicon Graphics' GL library. ELAS display functions will not work with a monochrome monitor. The standard distribution medium for the VAX version (ERL10017) is a set of two 9-track 1600 BPI magnetic tapes in DEC VAX BACKUP format. This version is also available on a TK50 tape cartridge in DEC VAX BACKUP format. The standard distribution medium for the Concurrent version (ERL-10013) is a set of two 9-track 1600 BPI magnetic tapes in Concurrent BACKUP format. The standard distribution medium for the Sun version (SSC-00019) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. The standard distribution medium for the Masscomp version, (SSC-00020) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. The standard distribution medium for the Silicon Graphics version (SSC-00021) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. Version 9.0 was released in 1991. Sun4, SunOS, and Open Windows are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. MIT X Window System is licensed by Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

ELAS - SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LABORATORY APPLICATIONS SOFTWARE (CONCURRENT VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pearson, R. W.

1994-01-01

The Science and Technology Laboratory Applications Software (ELAS) was originally designed to analyze and process digital imagery data, specifically remotely-sensed scanner data. This capability includes the processing of Landsat multispectral data; aircraft-acquired scanner data; digitized topographic data; and numerous other ancillary data, such as soil types and rainfall information, that can be stored in digitized form. ELAS has the subsequent capability to geographically reference this data to dozens of standard, as well as user created projections. As an integrated image processing system, ELAS offers the user of remotely-sensed data a wide range of capabilities in the areas of land cover analysis and general purpose image analysis. ELAS is designed for flexible use and operation and includes its own FORTRAN operating subsystem and an expandable set of FORTRAN application modules. Because all of ELAS resides in one "logical" FORTRAN program, data inputs and outputs, directives, and module switching are convenient for the user. There are over 230 modules presently available to aid the user in performing a wide range of land cover analyses and manipulation. The file management modules enable the user to allocate, define, access, and specify usage for all types of files (ELAS files, subfiles, external files etc.). Various other modules convert specific types of satellite, aircraft, and vector-polygon data into files that can be used by other ELAS modules. The user also has many module options which aid in displaying image data, such as magnification/reduction of the display; true color display; and several memory functions. Additional modules allow for the building and manipulation of polygonal areas of the image data. Finally, there are modules which allow the user to select and classify the image data. An important feature of the ELAS subsystem is that its structure allows new applications modules to be easily integrated in the future. ELAS has as a standard the flexibility to process data elements exceeding 8 bits in length, including floating point (noninteger) elements and 16 or 32 bit integers. Thus it is able to analyze and process "non-standard" nonimage data. The VAX (ERL-10017) and Concurrent (ERL-10013) versions of ELAS 9.0 are written in FORTRAN and ASSEMBLER for DEC VAX series computers running VMS and Concurrent computers running MTM. The Sun (SSC-00019), Masscomp (SSC-00020), and Silicon Graphics (SSC-00021) versions of ELAS 9.0 are written in FORTRAN 77 and C-LANGUAGE for Sun4 series computers running SunOS, Masscomp computers running UNIX, and Silicon Graphics IRIS computers running IRIX. The Concurrent version requires at least 15 bit addressing and a direct memory access channel. The VAX and Concurrent versions of ELAS both require floating-point hardware, at least 1Mb of RAM, and approximately 70Mb of disk space. Both versions also require a COMTAL display device in order to display images. For the Sun, Masscomp, and Silicon Graphics versions of ELAS, the disk storage required is approximately 115Mb, and a minimum of 8Mb of RAM is required for execution. The Sun version of ELAS requires either the X-Window System Version 11 Revision 4 or Sun OpenWindows Version 2. The Masscomp version requires a GA1000 display device and the associated "gp" library. The Silicon Graphics version requires Silicon Graphics' GL library. ELAS display functions will not work with a monochrome monitor. The standard distribution medium for the VAX version (ERL10017) is a set of two 9-track 1600 BPI magnetic tapes in DEC VAX BACKUP format. This version is also available on a TK50 tape cartridge in DEC VAX BACKUP format. The standard distribution medium for the Concurrent version (ERL-10013) is a set of two 9-track 1600 BPI magnetic tapes in Concurrent BACKUP format. The standard distribution medium for the Sun version (SSC-00019) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. The standard distribution medium for the Masscomp version, (SSC-00020) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. The standard distribution medium for the Silicon Graphics version (SSC-00021) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. Version 9.0 was released in 1991. Sun4, SunOS, and Open Windows are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. MIT X Window System is licensed by Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

ELAS - SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LABORATORY APPLICATIONS SOFTWARE (SUN VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Walters, D.

1994-01-01

The Science and Technology Laboratory Applications Software (ELAS) was originally designed to analyze and process digital imagery data, specifically remotely-sensed scanner data. This capability includes the processing of Landsat multispectral data; aircraft-acquired scanner data; digitized topographic data; and numerous other ancillary data, such as soil types and rainfall information, that can be stored in digitized form. ELAS has the subsequent capability to geographically reference this data to dozens of standard, as well as user created projections. As an integrated image processing system, ELAS offers the user of remotely-sensed data a wide range of capabilities in the areas of land cover analysis and general purpose image analysis. ELAS is designed for flexible use and operation and includes its own FORTRAN operating subsystem and an expandable set of FORTRAN application modules. Because all of ELAS resides in one "logical" FORTRAN program, data inputs and outputs, directives, and module switching are convenient for the user. There are over 230 modules presently available to aid the user in performing a wide range of land cover analyses and manipulation. The file management modules enable the user to allocate, define, access, and specify usage for all types of files (ELAS files, subfiles, external files etc.). Various other modules convert specific types of satellite, aircraft, and vector-polygon data into files that can be used by other ELAS modules. The user also has many module options which aid in displaying image data, such as magnification/reduction of the display; true color display; and several memory functions. Additional modules allow for the building and manipulation of polygonal areas of the image data. Finally, there are modules which allow the user to select and classify the image data. An important feature of the ELAS subsystem is that its structure allows new applications modules to be easily integrated in the future. ELAS has as a standard the flexibility to process data elements exceeding 8 bits in length, including floating point (noninteger) elements and 16 or 32 bit integers. Thus it is able to analyze and process "non-standard" nonimage data. The VAX (ERL-10017) and Concurrent (ERL-10013) versions of ELAS 9.0 are written in FORTRAN and ASSEMBLER for DEC VAX series computers running VMS and Concurrent computers running MTM. The Sun (SSC-00019), Masscomp (SSC-00020), and Silicon Graphics (SSC-00021) versions of ELAS 9.0 are written in FORTRAN 77 and C-LANGUAGE for Sun4 series computers running SunOS, Masscomp computers running UNIX, and Silicon Graphics IRIS computers running IRIX. The Concurrent version requires at least 15 bit addressing and a direct memory access channel. The VAX and Concurrent versions of ELAS both require floating-point hardware, at least 1Mb of RAM, and approximately 70Mb of disk space. Both versions also require a COMTAL display device in order to display images. For the Sun, Masscomp, and Silicon Graphics versions of ELAS, the disk storage required is approximately 115Mb, and a minimum of 8Mb of RAM is required for execution. The Sun version of ELAS requires either the X-Window System Version 11 Revision 4 or Sun OpenWindows Version 2. The Masscomp version requires a GA1000 display device and the associated "gp" library. The Silicon Graphics version requires Silicon Graphics' GL library. ELAS display functions will not work with a monochrome monitor. The standard distribution medium for the VAX version (ERL10017) is a set of two 9-track 1600 BPI magnetic tapes in DEC VAX BACKUP format. This version is also available on a TK50 tape cartridge in DEC VAX BACKUP format. The standard distribution medium for the Concurrent version (ERL-10013) is a set of two 9-track 1600 BPI magnetic tapes in Concurrent BACKUP format. The standard distribution medium for the Sun version (SSC-00019) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. The standard distribution medium for the Masscomp version, (SSC-00020) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. The standard distribution medium for the Silicon Graphics version (SSC-00021) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. Version 9.0 was released in 1991. Sun4, SunOS, and Open Windows are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. MIT X Window System is licensed by Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

ELAS - SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LABORATORY APPLICATIONS SOFTWARE (MASSCOMP VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Walters, D.

1994-01-01

The Science and Technology Laboratory Applications Software (ELAS) was originally designed to analyze and process digital imagery data, specifically remotely-sensed scanner data. This capability includes the processing of Landsat multispectral data; aircraft-acquired scanner data; digitized topographic data; and numerous other ancillary data, such as soil types and rainfall information, that can be stored in digitized form. ELAS has the subsequent capability to geographically reference this data to dozens of standard, as well as user created projections. As an integrated image processing system, ELAS offers the user of remotely-sensed data a wide range of capabilities in the areas of land cover analysis and general purpose image analysis. ELAS is designed for flexible use and operation and includes its own FORTRAN operating subsystem and an expandable set of FORTRAN application modules. Because all of ELAS resides in one "logical" FORTRAN program, data inputs and outputs, directives, and module switching are convenient for the user. There are over 230 modules presently available to aid the user in performing a wide range of land cover analyses and manipulation. The file management modules enable the user to allocate, define, access, and specify usage for all types of files (ELAS files, subfiles, external files etc.). Various other modules convert specific types of satellite, aircraft, and vector-polygon data into files that can be used by other ELAS modules. The user also has many module options which aid in displaying image data, such as magnification/reduction of the display; true color display; and several memory functions. Additional modules allow for the building and manipulation of polygonal areas of the image data. Finally, there are modules which allow the user to select and classify the image data. An important feature of the ELAS subsystem is that its structure allows new applications modules to be easily integrated in the future. ELAS has as a standard the flexibility to process data elements exceeding 8 bits in length, including floating point (noninteger) elements and 16 or 32 bit integers. Thus it is able to analyze and process "non-standard" nonimage data. The VAX (ERL-10017) and Concurrent (ERL-10013) versions of ELAS 9.0 are written in FORTRAN and ASSEMBLER for DEC VAX series computers running VMS and Concurrent computers running MTM. The Sun (SSC-00019), Masscomp (SSC-00020), and Silicon Graphics (SSC-00021) versions of ELAS 9.0 are written in FORTRAN 77 and C-LANGUAGE for Sun4 series computers running SunOS, Masscomp computers running UNIX, and Silicon Graphics IRIS computers running IRIX. The Concurrent version requires at least 15 bit addressing and a direct memory access channel. The VAX and Concurrent versions of ELAS both require floating-point hardware, at least 1Mb of RAM, and approximately 70Mb of disk space. Both versions also require a COMTAL display device in order to display images. For the Sun, Masscomp, and Silicon Graphics versions of ELAS, the disk storage required is approximately 115Mb, and a minimum of 8Mb of RAM is required for execution. The Sun version of ELAS requires either the X-Window System Version 11 Revision 4 or Sun OpenWindows Version 2. The Masscomp version requires a GA1000 display device and the associated "gp" library. The Silicon Graphics version requires Silicon Graphics' GL library. ELAS display functions will not work with a monochrome monitor. The standard distribution medium for the VAX version (ERL10017) is a set of two 9-track 1600 BPI magnetic tapes in DEC VAX BACKUP format. This version is also available on a TK50 tape cartridge in DEC VAX BACKUP format. The standard distribution medium for the Concurrent version (ERL-10013) is a set of two 9-track 1600 BPI magnetic tapes in Concurrent BACKUP format. The standard distribution medium for the Sun version (SSC-00019) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. The standard distribution medium for the Masscomp version, (SSC-00020) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. The standard distribution medium for the Silicon Graphics version (SSC-00021) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. Version 9.0 was released in 1991. Sun4, SunOS, and Open Windows are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. MIT X Window System is licensed by Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

ELAS - SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LABORATORY APPLICATIONS SOFTWARE (DEC VAX VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Junkin, B. G.

1994-01-01

The Science and Technology Laboratory Applications Software (ELAS) was originally designed to analyze and process digital imagery data, specifically remotely-sensed scanner data. This capability includes the processing of Landsat multispectral data; aircraft-acquired scanner data; digitized topographic data; and numerous other ancillary data, such as soil types and rainfall information, that can be stored in digitized form. ELAS has the subsequent capability to geographically reference this data to dozens of standard, as well as user created projections. As an integrated image processing system, ELAS offers the user of remotely-sensed data a wide range of capabilities in the areas of land cover analysis and general purpose image analysis. ELAS is designed for flexible use and operation and includes its own FORTRAN operating subsystem and an expandable set of FORTRAN application modules. Because all of ELAS resides in one "logical" FORTRAN program, data inputs and outputs, directives, and module switching are convenient for the user. There are over 230 modules presently available to aid the user in performing a wide range of land cover analyses and manipulation. The file management modules enable the user to allocate, define, access, and specify usage for all types of files (ELAS files, subfiles, external files etc.). Various other modules convert specific types of satellite, aircraft, and vector-polygon data into files that can be used by other ELAS modules. The user also has many module options which aid in displaying image data, such as magnification/reduction of the display; true color display; and several memory functions. Additional modules allow for the building and manipulation of polygonal areas of the image data. Finally, there are modules which allow the user to select and classify the image data. An important feature of the ELAS subsystem is that its structure allows new applications modules to be easily integrated in the future. ELAS has as a standard the flexibility to process data elements exceeding 8 bits in length, including floating point (noninteger) elements and 16 or 32 bit integers. Thus it is able to analyze and process "non-standard" nonimage data. The VAX (ERL-10017) and Concurrent (ERL-10013) versions of ELAS 9.0 are written in FORTRAN and ASSEMBLER for DEC VAX series computers running VMS and Concurrent computers running MTM. The Sun (SSC-00019), Masscomp (SSC-00020), and Silicon Graphics (SSC-00021) versions of ELAS 9.0 are written in FORTRAN 77 and C-LANGUAGE for Sun4 series computers running SunOS, Masscomp computers running UNIX, and Silicon Graphics IRIS computers running IRIX. The Concurrent version requires at least 15 bit addressing and a direct memory access channel. The VAX and Concurrent versions of ELAS both require floating-point hardware, at least 1Mb of RAM, and approximately 70Mb of disk space. Both versions also require a COMTAL display device in order to display images. For the Sun, Masscomp, and Silicon Graphics versions of ELAS, the disk storage required is approximately 115Mb, and a minimum of 8Mb of RAM is required for execution. The Sun version of ELAS requires either the X-Window System Version 11 Revision 4 or Sun OpenWindows Version 2. The Masscomp version requires a GA1000 display device and the associated "gp" library. The Silicon Graphics version requires Silicon Graphics' GL library. ELAS display functions will not work with a monochrome monitor. The standard distribution medium for the VAX version (ERL10017) is a set of two 9-track 1600 BPI magnetic tapes in DEC VAX BACKUP format. This version is also available on a TK50 tape cartridge in DEC VAX BACKUP format. The standard distribution medium for the Concurrent version (ERL-10013) is a set of two 9-track 1600 BPI magnetic tapes in Concurrent BACKUP format. The standard distribution medium for the Sun version (SSC-00019) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. The standard distribution medium for the Masscomp version, (SSC-00020) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. The standard distribution medium for the Silicon Graphics version (SSC-00021) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. Version 9.0 was released in 1991. Sun4, SunOS, and Open Windows are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. MIT X Window System is licensed by Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Simulation of a data archival and distribution system at GSFC

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bedet, Jean-Jacques; Bodden, Lee; Dwyer, AL; Hariharan, P. C.; Berbert, John; Kobler, Ben; Pease, Phil

1993-01-01

A version-0 of a Data Archive and Distribution System (DADS) is being developed at GSFC to support existing and pre-EOS Earth science datasets and test Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) concepts. The performance of DADS is predicted using a discrete event simulation model. The goals of the simulation were to estimate the amount of disk space needed and the time required to fulfill the DADS requirements for ingestion (14 GB/day) and distribution (48 GB/day). The model has demonstrated that 4 mm and 8 mm stackers can play a critical role in improving the performance of the DADS, since it takes, on average, 3 minutes to manually mount/dismount tapes compared to less than a minute with stackers. With two 4 mm stackers and two 8 mm stackers, and a single operator per shift, the DADS requirements can be met within 16 hours using a total of 9 GB of disk space. When the DADS has no stacker, and the DADS depends entirely on operators to handle the distribution tapes, the simulation has shown that the DADS requirements can still be met within 16 hours, but a minimum of 4 operators per shift were required. The compression/decompression of data sets is very CPU intensive, and relatively slow when performed in software, thereby contributing to an increase in the amount of disk space needed.

Reference System of DNA and Protein Sequences on CD-ROM

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nasu, Hisanori; Ito, Toshiaki

DNASIS-DBREF31 is a database for DNA and Protein sequences in the form of optical Compact Disk (CD) ROM, developed and commercialized by Hitachi Software Engineering Co., Ltd. Both nucleic acid base sequences and protein amino acid sequences can be retrieved from a single CD-ROM. Existing database is offered in the form of on-line service, floppy disks, or magnetic tape, all of which have some problems or other, such as usability or storage capacity. DNASIS-DBREF31 newly adopt a CD-ROM as a database device to realize a mass storage and personal use of the database.

Drooling in Parkinson's disease: a novel tool for assessment of swallow frequency.

PubMed

Marks, L; Weinreich, J

2001-01-01

A non-invasive way to obtain objective measurements of swallowing frequency and thus indirectly, drooling was required as part of the study 'Drooling in Parkinson's disease: objective measurement and response to therapy'. A hard disk, digital recorder was developed, for use on a laptop computer, which was capable of collecting large quantities of swallowing data from an anticipated 40 patients and 10 controls. An electric microphone was taped to the subjects' larynx for recording the swallow sounds when drinking 150 ml of water and at rest for 30 minutes. The software provides an accurate visual display of the audio-signal allowing the researcher easy access to any segment of the recording and to mark and extract the swallow events, so that swallow frequency may be efficiently and accurately ascertained. Preliminary results are presented.

Automated Instructional Management Systems (AIMS) Version III, Operator's Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New York Inst. of Tech., Old Westbury.

This manual gives the instructions necessary to understand and operate the Automated Instructional Management System (AIMS), utilizing IBM System 360, Model 30/Release 20 Disk Operating System, and the OpScan 100 System Reader and Tape Unit. It covers the AIMS III system initialization, system and operational input, requirements, master response…

Magnetic field sources and their threat to magnetic media

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jewell, Steve

1993-01-01

Magnetic storage media (tapes, disks, cards, etc.) may be damaged by external magnetic fields. The potential for such damage has been researched, but no objective standard exists for the protection of such media. This paper summarizes a magnetic storage facility standard, Publication 933, that ensures magnetic protection of data storage media.

Software Graphical User Interface For Analysis Of Images

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Leonard, Desiree M.; Nolf, Scott R.; Avis, Elizabeth L.; Stacy, Kathryn

1992-01-01

CAMTOOL software provides graphical interface between Sun Microsystems workstation and Eikonix Model 1412 digitizing camera system. Camera scans and digitizes images, halftones, reflectives, transmissives, rigid or flexible flat material, or three-dimensional objects. Users digitize images and select from three destinations: work-station display screen, magnetic-tape drive, or hard disk. Written in C.

77 FR 64514 - Sunshine Act Meeting; Open Commission Meeting; Wednesday, October 17, 2012

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-22

.../Video coverage of the meeting will be broadcast live with open captioning over the Internet from the FCC... format and alternative media, including large print/ type; digital disk; and audio and video tape. Best.... 2012-26060 Filed 10-18-12; 4:15 pm] BILLING CODE 6712-01-P ...

Installing the Unix Starlink Software

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bly, M. J.

This note is the release note and installation instructions for the DEC Alpha AXP / Digital UNIX, Sun Sparc / Solaris v2.x, and Sun Sparc / SunOS 4.1.x versions of the Starlink Software Collection (USSC). You will be supplied with pre-built (and installed) versions on tape and will just need to copy the tape to disk to have a working version. The tapes (where appropriate) will contain in addition, copies of the NAG and MEMSYS libraries, and Tcl, Tk, Expect, Mosaic, TeX, Pine, Perl, Jed, Ispell, Ghostscript, LaXeX2html and Ftnchek for the relevant system. The Sun Sparc SunOS 4.1.x version of the USSC was frozen at USSC111 and no further updates are available. The instructions for installing the main section of the USSC may continue to be used for installing Sun Sparc SunOS 4.1.x version.

System and Method for High-Speed Data Recording

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Taveniku, Mikael B. (Inventor)

2017-01-01

A system and method for high speed data recording includes a control computer and a disk pack unit. The disk pack is provided within a shell that provides handling and protection for the disk packs. The disk pack unit provides cooling of the disks and connection for power and disk signaling. A standard connection is provided between the control computer and the disk pack unit. The disk pack units are self sufficient and able to connect to any computer. Multiple disk packs are connected simultaneously to the system, so that one disk pack can be active while one or more disk packs are inactive. To control for power surges, the power to each disk pack is controlled programmatically for the group of disks in a disk pack.

INPE LANDSAT-D thematic mapper computer compatible tape format specification

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Parada, N. D. J. (Principal Investigator); Desouza, R. C. M.

1982-01-01

The format of the computer compatible tapes (CCT) which contain Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery data acquired from the LANDSAT D and D Prime satellites by the INSTITUTO DE PERSQUISAS ESPACIALS (CNPq-INPE/BRAZIL) is defined.

36 CFR 1223.18 - Must vital records be in a particular form or format?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Must vital records be in a particular form or format? 1223.18 Section 1223.18 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND..., magnetic tape, optical disk, photographic film, and microform. In selecting the media, agencies must ensure...

36 CFR 1223.18 - Must vital records be in a particular form or format?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Must vital records be in a particular form or format? 1223.18 Section 1223.18 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND..., magnetic tape, optical disk, photographic film, and microform. In selecting the media, agencies must ensure...

Float Package and the Data Rack aboard the DC-9

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1996-01-01

Ted Brunzie and Peter Mason observe the float package and the data rack aboard the DC-9 reduced gravity aircraft. The float package contains a cryostat, a video camera, a pump and accelerometers. The data rack displays and record the video signal from the float package on tape and stores acceleration and temperature measurements on disk.

Magnetic tape user guide

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Evans, A. B.; Lee, L. L.

1985-01-01

This User Guide provides a general introduction to the structure, use, and handling of magnetic tapes at Langley Research Center (LaRC). The topics covered are tape terminology, physical characteristics, error prevention and detection, and creating, using, and maintaining tapes. Supplementary documentation is referenced where it might be helpful. The documentation is included for the tape utility programs, BLOCK, UNBLOCK, and TAPEDMP, which are available at the Central Scientific Computing Complex at LaRC.

29 CFR 4000.28 - What if I send a computer disk?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false What if I send a computer disk? 4000.28 Section 4000.28... I send a computer disk? (a) In general. We determine your filing or issuance date for a computer... paragraph (b) of this section. (1) Filings. For computer-disk filings, we may treat your submission as...

29 CFR 4000.28 - What if I send a computer disk?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false What if I send a computer disk? 4000.28 Section 4000.28... I send a computer disk? (a) In general. We determine your filing or issuance date for a computer... paragraph (b) of this section. (1) Filings. For computer-disk filings, we may treat your submission as...

29 CFR 4000.28 - What if I send a computer disk?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false What if I send a computer disk? 4000.28 Section 4000.28... I send a computer disk? (a) In general. We determine your filing or issuance date for a computer... paragraph (b) of this section. (1) Filings. For computer-disk filings, we may treat your submission as...

29 CFR 4000.28 - What if I send a computer disk?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What if I send a computer disk? 4000.28 Section 4000.28... I send a computer disk? (a) In general. We determine your filing or issuance date for a computer... paragraph (b) of this section. (1) Filings. For computer-disk filings, we may treat your submission as...

29 CFR 4000.28 - What if I send a computer disk?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false What if I send a computer disk? 4000.28 Section 4000.28... I send a computer disk? (a) In general. We determine your filing or issuance date for a computer... paragraph (b) of this section. (1) Filings. For computer-disk filings, we may treat your submission as...

Lessons learned from the ATLAS performance studies of the Iberian Cloud for the first LHC running period

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sánchez-Martínez, V.; Borges, G.; Borrego, C.; del Peso, J.; Delfino, M.; Gomes, J.; González de la Hoz, S.; Pacheco Pages, A.; Salt, J.; Sedov, A.; Villaplana, M.; Wolters, H.

2014-06-01

In this contribution we describe the performance of the Iberian (Spain and Portugal) ATLAS cloud during the first LHC running period (March 2010-January 2013) in the context of the GRID Computing and Data Distribution Model. The evolution of the resources for CPU, disk and tape in the Iberian Tier-1 and Tier-2s is summarized. The data distribution over all ATLAS destinations is shown, focusing on the number of files transferred and the size of the data. The status and distribution of simulation and analysis jobs within the cloud are discussed. The Distributed Analysis tools used to perform physics analysis are explained as well. Cloud performance in terms of the availability and reliability of its sites is discussed. The effect of the changes in the ATLAS Computing Model on the cloud is analyzed. Finally, the readiness of the Iberian Cloud towards the first Long Shutdown (LS1) is evaluated and an outline of the foreseen actions to take in the coming years is given. The shutdown will be a good opportunity to improve and evolve the ATLAS Distributed Computing system to prepare for the future challenges of the LHC operation.

The mass storage testing laboratory at GSFC

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Venkataraman, Ravi; Williams, Joel; Michaud, David; Gu, Heng; Kalluri, Atri; Hariharan, P. C.; Kobler, Ben; Behnke, Jeanne; Peavey, Bernard

1998-01-01

Industry-wide benchmarks exist for measuring the performance of processors (SPECmarks), and of database systems (Transaction Processing Council). Despite storage having become the dominant item in computing and IT (Information Technology) budgets, no such common benchmark is available in the mass storage field. Vendors and consultants provide services and tools for capacity planning and sizing, but these do not account for the complete set of metrics needed in today's archives. The availability of automated tape libraries, high-capacity RAID systems, and high- bandwidth interconnectivity between processor and peripherals has led to demands for services which traditional file systems cannot provide. File Storage and Management Systems (FSMS), which began to be marketed in the late 80's, have helped to some extent with large tape libraries, but their use has introduced additional parameters affecting performance. The aim of the Mass Storage Test Laboratory (MSTL) at Goddard Space Flight Center is to develop a test suite that includes not only a comprehensive check list to document a mass storage environment but also benchmark code. Benchmark code is being tested which will provide measurements for both baseline systems, i.e. applications interacting with peripherals through the operating system services, and for combinations involving an FSMS. The benchmarks are written in C, and are easily portable. They are initially being aimed at the UNIX Open Systems world. Measurements are being made using a Sun Ultra 170 Sparc with 256MB memory running Solaris 2.5.1 with the following configuration: 4mm tape stacker on SCSI 2 Fast/Wide; 4GB disk device on SCSI 2 Fast/Wide; and Sony Petaserve on Fast/Wide differential SCSI 2.

The NSO FTS database program and archive (FTSDBM)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lytle, D. M.

1992-01-01

Data from the NSO Fourier transform spectrometer is being re-archived from half inch tape onto write-once compact disk. In the process, information about each spectrum and a low resolution copy of each spectrum is being saved into an on-line database. FTSDBM is a simple database management program in the NSO external package for IRAF. A command language allows the FTSDBM user to add entries to the database, delete entries, select subsets from the database based on keyword values including ranges of values, create new database files based on these subsets, make keyword lists, examine low resolution spectra graphically, and make disk number/file number lists. Once the archive is complete, FTSDBM will allow the database to be efficiently searched for data of interest to the user and the compact disk format will allow random access to that data.

ERB master archival tape specification no. T 134081 ERB MAT, revision 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1984-01-01

The Earth radiation budget (ERB)MAT tapes are generated by the ERB MATGEN software using the IBM 3081 computer system operated by the Science and Applications Computer Center at Goddard Space Flight Center. All MAT's are 9-track and MAT data are in ascending time order. The gross tape format for NIMBUS year-1 and year-2 MAT's is different from the format of MAT's starting with year-3. The MATs from the first two years are to contain one day's worth of data while all other MATs are to contain multiple day's worth of data stacked onto the tapes.

Interface between a printed circuit board computer aided design tool (Tektronix 4051 based) and a numerical paper tape controlled drill press (Slo-Syn 530: 100 w/ Dumore Automatic Head Number 8391)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Heckman, B.K.; Chinn, V.K.

1981-01-01

The development and use of computer programs written to produce the paper tape needed for the automation, or numeric control, of drill presses employed to fabricate computed-designed printed circuit boards are described. (LCL)

Data storage technology comparisons

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Katti, Romney R.

1990-01-01

The role of data storage and data storage technology is an integral, though conceptually often underestimated, portion of data processing technology. Data storage is important in the mass storage mode in which generated data is buffered for later use. But data storage technology is also important in the data flow mode when data are manipulated and hence required to flow between databases, datasets and processors. This latter mode is commonly associated with memory hierarchies which support computation. VLSI devices can reasonably be defined as electronic circuit devices such as channel and control electronics as well as highly integrated, solid-state devices that are fabricated using thin film deposition technology. VLSI devices in both capacities play an important role in data storage technology. In addition to random access memories (RAM), read-only memories (ROM), and other silicon-based variations such as PROM's, EPROM's, and EEPROM's, integrated devices find their way into a variety of memory technologies which offer significant performance advantages. These memory technologies include magnetic tape, magnetic disk, magneto-optic disk, and vertical Bloch line memory. In this paper, some comparison between selected technologies will be made to demonstrate why more than one memory technology exists today, based for example on access time and storage density at the active bit and system levels.

76 FR 4110 - Sunshine Act Meeting; FCC To Hold Open Commission Meeting Tuesday, January 25, 2011

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-24

... Tuesday, January 25, 2011 January 18, 2011. The Federal Communications Commission will hold an Open...) 418- 0500; TTY 1-888-835-5322. Audio/Video coverage of the meeting will be broadcast live with open.../ type; digital disk; and audio and video tape. Best Copy and Printing, Inc. may be reached by e-mail at...

Design and evaluation of a computer based system to monitor and generalise, by areas, data from ERTS precision imagery tapes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Clayton, K. M. (Principal Investigator)

1975-01-01

The author has identified the following significant results. An objective system for regionalization is described, using ERTS-1 (or LANDSAT) computer compatible tapes. A range of computer programs for analysis of these tapes was developed. Emphasis is on a level of generalization appropriate to a satellite system whith repetitive global coverage. The main variables are land/water ratios and vegetation cover. The scale or texture of the pattern of change in these variables varies a good deal across the earth's surface, and it seems best if the unit of generalization adopted varies in sympathy with the surface being analyzed.

User's guide to the UTIL-ODRC tape processing program. [for the Orbital Data Reduction Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Juba, S. M. (Principal Investigator)

1981-01-01

The UTIL-ODRC computer compatible tape processing program, its input/output requirements, and its interface with the EXEC 8 operating system are described. It is a multipurpose orbital data reduction center (ODRC) tape processing program enabling the user to create either exact duplicate tapes and/or tapes in SINDA/HISTRY format. Input data elements for PRAMPT/FLOPLT and/or BATCH PLOT programs, a temperature summary, and a printed summary can also be produced.

Electronic systems for the new multichannel spectrometer at Sacramento Peak.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hobbs, R. W.; Harris, G. D.; Epstein, G.

1972-01-01

Description of the design features and operation of a new multichannel solar spectrometer to be used for ground-based observations of active regions whose X-ray and EUV emissions are studied by the OSO-H and other satellites. The electronic systems associated with the instrument include (1) an electrooptical guider controlled by a punched paper tape capable of making raster scans of selected portions of the solar disk, (2) a programmer unit that applies paper-tape commands to various portions of the instrument, (3) a closed-loop servosystem for the vacuum heliostat, (4) stepping motor controls for spectral scans, (5) a 40-channel photomultiplier readout, and (6) a magnetometer. Preliminary solar observations indicate satisfactory performance of the system.

Computer Based Training: Field Deployable Trainer and Shared Virtual Reality

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mullen, Terence J.

1997-01-01

Astronaut training has traditionally been conducted at specific sites with specialized facilities. Because of its size and nature the training equipment is generally not portable. Efforts are now under way to develop training tools that can be taken to remote locations, including into orbit. Two of these efforts are the Field Deployable Trainer and Shared Virtual Reality projects. Field Deployable Trainer NASA has used the recent shuttle mission by astronaut Shannon Lucid to the Russian space station, Mir, as an opportunity to develop and test a prototype of an on-orbit computer training system. A laptop computer with a customized user interface, a set of specially prepared CD's, and video tapes were taken to the Mir by Ms. Lucid. Based upon the feedback following the launch of the Lucid flight, our team prepared materials for the next Mir visitor. Astronaut John Blaha will fly on NASA/MIR Long Duration Mission 3, set to launch in mid September. He will take with him a customized hard disk drive and a package of compact disks containing training videos, references and maps. The FDT team continues to explore and develop new and innovative ways to conduct offsite astronaut training using personal computers. Shared Virtual Reality Training NASA's Space Flight Training Division has been investigating the use of virtual reality environments for astronaut training. Recent efforts have focused on activities requiring interaction by two or more people, called shared VR. Dr. Bowen Loftin, from the University of Houston, directs a virtual reality laboratory that conducts much of the NASA sponsored research. I worked on a project involving the development of a virtual environment that can be used to train astronauts and others to operate a science unit called a Biological Technology Facility (BTF). Facilities like this will be used to house and control microgravity experiments on the space station. It is hoped that astronauts and instructors will ultimately be able to share common virtual environments and, using telephone links, conduct interactive training from separate locations.

User's guide for the Solar Backscattered Ultraviolet (SBUV) and the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) RUT-S and RUT-T data sets: October 31, 1978 to November 1, 1980

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fleig, A. J.; Heath, D. F.; Klenk, K. F.; Oslik, N.; Lee, K. D.; Park, H.; Bhartia, P. K.; Gordon, D.

1983-01-01

Raw data from the Solar Backscattered Ultrviolet/Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (SBUV/TOMS) Nimbus 7 operation are available on computer tape. These data are contained on two separate sets of RUTs (Raw Units Tapes) for SBUV and TOMS, labelled RUT-S and RUT-T respectively. The RUT-S and RUT-T tapes contain uncalibrated radiance and irradiance data, housekeeping data, wavelength and electronic calibration data, instrument field-of-view location and solar ephemeris information. These tapes also contain colocated cloud, terrain pressure and snow/ice thickness data, each derived from an independent source. The "RUT User's Guide" describes the SBUV and TOMS experiments, the instrument calibration and performance, operating schedules, and data coverage, and provides an assessment of RUT-S and -T data quality. It also provides detailed information on the data available on the computer tapes.

Technique minimizes the effects of dropouts on telemetry records

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Anderson, T. O.; Hurd, W. J.

1972-01-01

Recorder deficiencies are minimized by using two-channel system to prepare two tapes, each having noise, wow and flutter, and dropout characteristics of channel on which it was made. Processing tapes by computer and combining signals from two channels produce single tape free of dropouts caused by recording process.

77 FR 30290 - Sunshine Act Meeting; Open Commission Meeting; Thursday, May 24, 2012

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-22

... contained in section 1.1203 of the Commission's rule, 47 CFR 1.1203, until 5:00 p.m. on Friday, May 18, 2012... Relations, (202) 418- 0500; TTY 1-888-835-5322. Audio/Video coverage of the meeting will be broadcast live.../ type; digital disk; and audio and video tape. Best Copy and Printing, Inc. may be reached by email at...

LANDSAT-D data format control book. Volume 6, appendix D: Thematic mapper Computer Compatible Tape (CCT-AT/PT)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ahmed, H.

1981-01-01

The format of computer compatible tapes which contain LANDSAT 4 and D Prime thematic mapper data is defined. A complete specification of the CCT-AT (radiometric corrections applied and geometric matrices appended) and the CCT-PT (radiometric and geometric corrections) data formats is provided.

Computer routine adds plotting capabilities to existing programs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harris, J. C.; Linnekin, J. S.

1966-01-01

PLOTAN, a generalized plot analysis routine written for the IBM 7094 computer, minimizes the difficulties in adding plot capabilities to large existing programs. PLOTAN is used in conjunction with a binary tape writing routine and has the ability to plot any variable on the intermediate binary tape as a function of any other.

Digitizing zone maps, using modified LARSYS program. [computer graphics and computer techniques for mapping

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Giddings, L.; Boston, S.

1976-01-01

A method for digitizing zone maps is presented, starting with colored images and producing a final one-channel digitized tape. This method automates the work previously done interactively on the Image-100 and Data Analysis System computers of the Johnson Space Center (JSC) Earth Observations Division (EOD). A color-coded map was digitized through color filters on a scanner to form a digital tape in LARSYS-2 or JSC Universal format. The taped image was classified by the EOD LARSYS program on the basis of training fields included in the image. Numerical values were assigned to all pixels in a given class, and the resulting coded zone map was written on a LARSYS or Universal tape. A unique spatial filter option permitted zones to be made homogeneous and edges of zones to be abrupt transitions from one zone to the next. A zoom option allowed the output image to have arbitrary dimensions in terms of number of lines and number of samples on a line. Printouts of the computer program are given and the images that were digitized are shown.

The Combined Use of Computers and Audio Tape Recorders in Storing, Managing, and Using Qualitative Verbal Ethnographic Data. [Revised].

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dow, James

Ways in which computers and audio tape recorder techniques were used to record, index, and present data collected during two summers of field work in a rural area of Mexico are described. The research goal was to study the Otomi Indian shamans. Two computers were used: the Honeywell 6800 DPS-2 and the Osborne-1 microcomputer. The database system…

Computer program documentation user information for the MPAD trajectory tape print program (TRJPR1)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gibbs, P. M.

1981-01-01

The Trajectory Tape Print Program (TRJPR1) was developed to print applicable information from a Space Trajectory tape created by the Mission Planning and Analysis Division (MPAD) in the MPAD Common Format for the on-orbit phase of the Mission. Instructions for TRJPR1's use are given.

Computer analysis of sound recordings from two Anasazi sites in northwestern New Mexico

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Loose, Richard

2002-11-01

Sound recordings were made at a natural outdoor amphitheater in Chaco Canyon and in a reconstructed great kiva at Aztec Ruins. Recordings included computer-generated tones and swept sine waves, classical concert flute, Native American flute, conch shell trumpet, and prerecorded music. Recording equipment included analog tape deck, digital minidisk recorder, and direct digital recording to a laptop computer disk. Microphones and geophones were used as transducers. The natural amphitheater lies between the ruins of Pueblo Bonito and Chetro Ketl. It is a semicircular arc in a sandstone cliff measuring 500 ft. wide and 75 ft. high. The radius of the arc was verified with aerial photography, and an acoustic ray trace was generated using cad software. The arc is in an overhanging cliff face and brings distant sounds to a line focus. Along this line, there are unusual acoustic effects at conjugate foci. Time history analysis of recordings from both sites showed that a 60-dB reverb decay lasted from 1.8 to 2.0 s, nearly ideal for public performances of music. Echoes from the amphitheater were perceived to be upshifted in pitch, but this was not seen in FFT analysis. Geophones placed on the floor of the great kiva showed a resonance at 95 Hz.

A Communication Device for Interfacing Slide/Audio Tape Programs with the Microcomputer for Computer-Assisted Self-Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hostetler, Jerry C.; Englert, Duwayne C.

1987-01-01

Presents description of an interface device which ties in microcomputers and slide/tape presentations for computer assisted instruction. Highlights include the use of this technology in an introductory undergraduate zoology course; a discussion of authoring languages with emphasis on SuperPILOT; and hardware and software design for the interface.…

Teaching French Transformational Grammar by Means of Computer-Generated Video-Tapes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adler, Alfred; Thomas, Jean Jacques

This paper describes a pilot program in an integrated media presentation of foreign languages and the production and usage of seven computer-generated video tapes which demonstrate various aspects of French syntax. This instructional set could form the basis for CAI lessons in which the student is presented images identical to those on the video…

DLMS Voice Data Entry.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-06-01

34 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS FIGURE PAGE 1 Block Diagram of DLMS Voice Recognition System .............. S 2 Flowchart of DefaulV...particular are a speech preprocessor and a minicomputer. In the VRS, as shown in the block diagram of Fig. 1, the preprocessor is a TTI model 8040 and...Data General 6026 Magnetic Zo 4 Tape Unit Display L-- - Equipment Cabinet Fig. 1 block Diagram of DIMS Voice Recognition System qS 2. Flexible Disk

Medical image digital archive: a comparison of storage technologies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chunn, Timothy; Hutchings, Matt

1998-07-01

A cost effective, high capacity digital archive system is one of the remaining key factors that will enable a radiology department to eliminate film as an archive medium. The ever increasing amount of digital image data is creating the need for huge archive systems that can reliably store and retrieve millions of images and hold from a few terabytes of data to possibly hundreds of terabytes. Selecting the right archive solution depends on a number of factors: capacity requirements, write and retrieval performance requirements, scaleability in capacity and performance, conformance to open standards, archive availability and reliability, security, cost, achievable benefits and cost savings, investment protection, and more. This paper addresses many of these issues. It compares and positions optical disk and magnetic tape technologies, which are the predominant archive mediums today. New technologies will be discussed, such as DVD and high performance tape. Price and performance comparisons will be made at different archive capacities, plus the effect of file size on random and pre-fetch retrieval time will be analyzed. The concept of automated migration of images from high performance, RAID disk storage devices to high capacity, NearlineR storage devices will be introduced as a viable way to minimize overall storage costs for an archive.

12 CFR 1732.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., electronic tapes and back-up tapes, optical discs, CD-ROMS, and DVDs), and voicemail records; (2) Where the information is stored or located, including network servers, desktop or laptop computers and handheld...

Long Duration Exposure Facility experiment M0003 deintegration observation data base

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gyetvay, S. R.; Coggi, J. M.; Meshishnek, M. J.

1993-01-01

The four trays (2 leading edge and 2 trailing edge) of the M0003 materials experiment on the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) contained 1274 samples from 20 subexperiments. The complete sample complement represented a broad range of materials, including thin film optical coatings, paints, polymer sheets and tapes, adhesives, and composites, for use in various spacecraft applications, including thermal control, structures, optics, and solar power. Most subexperiments contained sets of samples exposed on both the leading and trailing edge trays of LDEF. Each individual sample was examined by high resolution optical microscope during the deintegration of the subexperiments from the M0003 trays. Observations of the post-flight condition of the samples made during this examination were recorded in a computer data base. The deintegration observation data base is available to requesters on floppy disk in 4th Dimension for the Macintosh format. Over 3,000 color macrographs and photomicrographs were shot to complement the observation records and to document the condition of the individual samples and of the M0003 trays. The photographs provide a visual comparison of the response of materials in leading and trailing edge LDEF environments. The Aerospace Corporate Archives is distributing photographs of the samples and hard copies of the database records to the general public upon request. Information on obtaining copies of the data base disks and for ordering photographs and records of specific samples or materials are given.

Incorporating the APS Catalog of the POSS I and Image Archive in ADS

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Humphreys, Roberta M.

1998-01-01

The primary purpose of this contract was to develop the software to both create and access an on-line database of images from digital scans of the Palomar Sky Survey. This required modifying our DBMS (called Star Base) to create an image database from the actual raw pixel data from the scans. The digitized images are processed into a set of coordinate-reference index and pixel files that are stored in run-length files, thus achieving an efficient lossless compression. For efficiency and ease of referencing, each digitized POSS I plate is then divided into 900 subplates. Our custom DBMS maps each query into the corresponding POSS plate(s) and subplate(s). All images from the appropriate subplates are retrieved from disk with byte-offsets taken from the index files. These are assembled on-the-fly into a GIF image file for browser display, and a FITS format image file for retrieval. The FITS images have a pixel size of 0.33 arcseconds. The FITS header contains astrometric and photometric information. This method keeps the disk requirements manageable while allowing for future improvements. When complete, the APS Image Database will contain over 130 Gb of data. A set of web pages query forms are available on-line, as well as an on-line tutorial and documentation. The database is distributed to the Internet by a high-speed SGI server and a high-bandwidth disk system. URL is http://aps.umn.edu/IDB/. The image database software is written in perl and C and has been compiled on SGI computers with MIX5.3. A copy of the written documentation is included and the software is on the accompanying exabyte tape.

Evolving Requirements for Magnetic Tape Data Storage Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gniewek, John J.

1996-01-01

Magnetic tape data storage systems have evolved in an environment where the major applications have been back-up/restore, disaster recovery, and long term archive. Coincident with the rapidly improving price-performance of disk storage systems, the prime requirements for tape storage systems have remained: (1) low cost per MB, (2) a data rate balanced to the remaining system components. Little emphasis was given to configuring the technology components to optimize retrieval of the stored data. Emerging new applications such as network attached high speed memory (HSM), and digital libraries, place additional emphasis and requirements on the retrieval of the stored data. It is therefore desirable to consider the system to be defined both by STorage And Retrieval System (STARS) requirements. It is possible to provide comparative performance analysis of different STARS by incorporating parameters related to (1) device characteristics, and (2) application characteristics in combination with queuing theory analysis. Results of these analyses are presented here in the form of response time as a function of system configuration for two different types of devices and for a variety of applications.

MOLECULAR DESIGNER: an interactive program for the display of protein structure on the IBM-PC.

PubMed

Hannon, G J; Jentoft, J E

1985-09-01

A BASIC interactive graphics program has been developed for the IBM-PC which utilizes the graphics capabilities of that computer to display and manipulate protein structure from coordinates. Structures may be generated from typed files, or from Brookhaven National Laboratories' Protein Data Bank data tapes. Once displayed, images may be rotated, translated and expanded to any desired size. Figures may be viewed as ball-and-stick or space-filling models. Calculated multiple-point perspective may also be added to the display. Docking manipulations are possible since more than a single figure may be displayed and manipulated simultaneously. Further, stereo images and red/blue three-dimensional images may be generated using the accompanying DESIPLOT program and an HP-7475A plotter. A version of the program is also currently available for the Apple Macintosh. Full implementation on the Macintosh requires 512 K and at least one disk drive. Otherwise this version is essentially identical to the IBM-PC version described herein.

Cutaway line drawing of STS-34 middeck experiment Polymer Morphology (PM)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1989-01-01

Cutaway line drawing shows components of STS-34 middeck experiment Polymer Morphology (PM). Generic Electronics Module (GEM) components include the control housing, circulating fans, hard disk, tape drives, computer boards, and heat exchanger. PM, a 3M-developed organic materials processing experiment, is designed to explore the effects of microgravity on polymeric materials as they are processed in space. The samples of polymeric materials being studied in the PM experiment are thin films (25 microns or less) approximately 25mm in diameter. The samples are mounted between two infrared transparent windows in a specially designed infrared cell that provides the capability of thermally processing the samples to 200 degrees Celsius with a high degree of thermal control. The samples are mounted on a carousel that allows them to be positioned, one at a time, in the infrared beam where spectra may be acquired. The GEM provides all carousel and sample cell control (SCC). The first flight of P

Portable digital pressure indicator for calibrating magnetic tape recorders

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mccormick, Royce F.; Leighty, Bradley D.

1989-01-01

The design of a portable Digital Pressure Indicator (DPI) to be used for calibrating the pressure systems on Langley's magnetic tape recorders is described. High-speed magnetic tape recorders require pressure (0 to 20 psig) for providing an air cushion across the tape guides and a slight vacuum (30 inch H2O) for maintaining the proper number of tape loops in the advance and feed chamber. The DPI is a hand-held device that can be quickly coupled to a magnetic tape recorder and includes a two-position switch for selecting either measured pressure or vacuum, to be displayed digitally in engineering units (psig or inches H2O). The DPI is currently in use in Langley's Analysis and Computation Division.

Cardiopulmonary data-acquisition system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Crosier, W. G.; Reed, R. A.

1981-01-01

Computerized system controls and monitors bicycle and treadmill cardiovascular stress tests. It acquires and reduces stress data and displays heart rate, blood pressure, workload, respiratory rate, exhaled-gas composition, and other variables. Data are printed on hard-copy terminal every 30 seconds for quick operator response to patient. Ergometer workload is controlled in real time according to experimental protocol. Collected data are stored directly on tape in analog form and on floppy disks in digital form for later processing.

GEMPAK 5.1 - A GENERAL METEOROLOGICAL PACKAGE (UNIX VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Desjardins, M. L.

1994-01-01

GEMPAK is a general meteorological software package developed at NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. It includes programs to analyze and display surface, upper-air, and gridded data, including model output. There are very general programs to list, edit, and plot data on maps, to display profiles and time series, to draw and fill contours, to draw streamlines, to plot symbols for clouds, sky cover, and pressure tendency, and draw cross sections in the case of gridded data and sounding data. In addition, there are Barnes objective analysis programs to grid surface and upper-air data. The programs include the capabilities to derive meteorological parameters from those found in the dataset, to perform vertical interpolations of sounding data to different coordinate systems, and to compute an extensive set of gridded diagnostic quantities by specifying various nested combinations of scalars and vector arithmetic, algebraic, and differential operators. The GEMPAK 5.1 graphics/transformation subsystem, GEMPLT, provides device-independent graphics. GEMPLT also has the capability to display output in a variety of map projections or overlaid on satellite imagery. GEMPAK 5.1 is written in FORTRAN 77 and C-language and has been implemented on VAX computers under VMS and on computers running the UNIX operating system. During installation and normal use, this package occupies approximately 100Mb of hard disk space. The UNIX version of GEMPAK includes drivers for several graphic output systems including MIT's X Window System (X11,R4), Sun GKS, PostScript (color and monochrome), Silicon Graphics, and others. The VMS version of GEMPAK also includes drivers for several graphic output systems including PostScript (color and monochrome). The VMS version is delivered with the object code for the Transportable Applications Environment (TAE) program, version 4.1 which serves as a user interface. A color monitor is recommended for displaying maps on video display devices. Data for rendering regional maps is included with this package. The standard distribution medium for the UNIX version of GEMPAK 5.1 is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. The standard distribution medium for the VMS version of GEMPAK 5.1 is a 6250 BPI 9-track magnetic tape in DEC VAX BACKUP format. The VMS version is also available on a TK50 tape cartridge in DEC VAX BACKUP format. This program was developed in 1985. The current version, GEMPAK 5.1, was released in 1992. The package is delivered with source code. An extensive collection of subroutine libraries allows users to format data for use by GEMPAK, to develop new programs, and to enhance existing ones.

That Elusive, Eclectic Thing Called Thermal Environment: What a Board Should Know About It

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schutte, Frederick

1970-01-01

Discussion of proper thermal environment for protection of sophisticated educational equipment such as computer and data-processing machines, magnetic tapes, closed-circuit television and video tape communications systems.

Computer program documentation user information for the RSO-tape print program (RSOPRNT)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gibbs, P. M. (Principal Investigator)

1980-01-01

A user's guide for the RSOPRNT, a TRASYS Master Restart Output Tape (RSO) reader is presented. Background information and sample runstreams, as well as, references, input requirements and options, are included.

NASA ARCH- A FILE ARCHIVAL SYSTEM FOR THE DEC VAX

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Scott, P. J.

1994-01-01

The function of the NASA ARCH system is to provide a permanent storage area for files that are infrequently accessed. The NASA ARCH routines were designed to provide a simple mechanism by which users can easily store and retrieve files. The user treats NASA ARCH as the interface to a black box where files are stored. There are only five NASA ARCH user commands, even though NASA ARCH employs standard VMS directives and the VAX BACKUP utility. Special care is taken to provide the security needed to insure file integrity over a period of years. The archived files may exist in any of three storage areas: a temporary buffer, the main buffer, and a magnetic tape library. When the main buffer fills up, it is transferred to permanent magnetic tape storage and deleted from disk. Files may be restored from any of the three storage areas. A single file, multiple files, or entire directories can be stored and retrieved. archived entities hold the same name, extension, version number, and VMS file protection scheme as they had in the user's account prior to archival. NASA ARCH is capable of handling up to 7 directory levels. Wildcards are supported. User commands include TEMPCOPY, DISKCOPY, DELETE, RESTORE, and DIRECTORY. The DIRECTORY command searches a directory of savesets covering all three archival areas, listing matches according to area, date, filename, or other criteria supplied by the user. The system manager commands include 1) ARCHIVE- to transfer the main buffer to duplicate magnetic tapes, 2) REPORTto determine when the main buffer is full enough to archive, 3) INCREMENT- to back up the partially filled main buffer, and 4) FULLBACKUP- to back up the entire main buffer. On-line help files are provided for all NASA ARCH commands. NASA ARCH is written in DEC VAX DCL for interactive execution and has been implemented on a DEC VAX computer operating under VMS 4.X. This program was developed in 1985.

Methods of Stress Calculation in Rotating Disks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tumarkin, S.

1944-01-01

The paper describes nethods of computing the stresses in disks of a given profile as well as methods of choosing the disk profiles for a given stress distribution for turhines, turbo blowers, and so forth. A new method of in tegrating the differential equations of Stodola leads to a simplification of the computation for disks of hyperbolic profile.

Planetary image conversion task

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Martin, M. D.; Stanley, C. L.; Laughlin, G.

1985-01-01

The Planetary Image Conversion Task group processed 12,500 magnetic tapes containing raw imaging data from JPL planetary missions and produced an image data base in consistent format on 1200 fully packed 6250-bpi tapes. The output tapes will remain at JPL. A copy of the entire tape set was delivered to US Geological Survey, Flagstaff, Ariz. A secondary task converted computer datalogs, which had been stored in project specific MARK IV File Management System data types and structures, to flat-file, text format that is processable on any modern computer system. The conversion processing took place at JPL's Image Processing Laboratory on an IBM 370-158 with existing software modified slightly to meet the needs of the conversion task. More than 99% of the original digital image data was successfully recovered by the conversion task. However, processing data tapes recorded before 1975 was destructive. This discovery is of critical importance to facilities responsible for maintaining digital archives since normal periodic random sampling techniques would be unlikely to detect this phenomenon, and entire data sets could be wiped out in the act of generating seemingly positive sampling results. Reccomended follow-on activities are also included.

TAE+ 5.1 - TRANSPORTABLE APPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENT PLUS, VERSION 5.1 (HP9000 SERIES 300/400 VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

TAE SUPPORT OFFICE

1994-01-01

TAE (Transportable Applications Environment) Plus is an integrated, portable environment for developing and running interactive window, text, and graphical object-based application systems. The program allows both programmers and non-programmers to easily construct their own custom application interface and to move that interface and application to different machine environments. TAE Plus makes both the application and the machine environment transparent, with noticeable improvements in the learning curve. The main components of TAE Plus are as follows: (1) the WorkBench, a What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) tool for the design and layout of a user interface; (2) the Window Programming Tools Package (WPT), a set of callable subroutines that control an application's user interface; and (3) TAE Command Language (TCL), an easy-to-learn command language that provides an easy way to develop an executable application prototype with a run-time interpreted language. The WorkBench tool allows the application developer to interactively construct the layout of an application's display screen by manipulating a set of interaction objects including input items such as buttons, icons, and scrolling text lists. User interface interactive objects include data-driven graphical objects such as dials, thermometers, and strip charts as well as menubars, option menus, file selection items, message items, push buttons, and color loggers. The WorkBench user specifies the windows and interaction objects that will make up the user interface, then specifies the sequence of the user interface dialogue. The description of the designed user interface is then saved into resource files. For those who desire to develop the designed user interface into an operational application, the WorkBench tool also generates source code (C, C++, Ada, and TCL) which fully controls the application's user interface through function calls to the WPTs. The WPTs are the runtime services used by application programs to display and control the user interfaces. Since the WPTs access the workbench-generated resource files during each execution, details such as color, font, location, and object type remain independent from the application code, allowing changes to the user interface without recompiling and relinking. In addition to WPTs, TAE Plus can control interaction of objects from the interpreted TAE Command Language. TCL provides a means for the more experienced developer to quickly prototype an application's use of TAE Plus interaction objects and add programming logic without the overhead of compiling or linking. TAE Plus requires MIT's X Window System, Version 11 Release 4, and the Open Software Foundation's Motif. The Workbench and WPTs are written in C++ and the remaining code is written in C. TAE Plus is available by license for an unlimited time period. The licensed program product includes the TAE Plus source code and one set of supporting documentation. Additional documentation may be purchased separately at the price indicated below. The amount of disk space required to load the TAE Plus tar format tape is between 35Mb and 67Mb depending on the machine version. The recommended minimum memory is 12Mb. Each TAE Plus platform delivery tape includes pre-built libraries and executable binary code for that particular machine, as well as source code, so users do not have to do an installation. Users wishing to recompile the source will need both a C compiler and either GNU's C++ Version 1.39 or later, or a C++ compiler based on AT&T 2.0 cfront. TAE Plus was developed in 1989 and version 5.2 was released in 1993. TAE Plus 5.2 is expected to be available on media suitable for seven different machine platforms: 1) DEC VAX computers running VMS (TK50 cartridge in VAX BACKUP format), 2) IBM RS/6000 series workstations running AIX (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 3) DEC RISC workstations running ULTRIX (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), 4) HP9000 Series 300/400 computers running HP-UX (.25 inch HP-preformatted tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 5) HP9000 Series 700 computers running HP-UX (HP 4mm DDS DAT tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 6) Sun4 (SPARC) series computers running SunOS (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), and 7) SGI Indigo computers running IRIX (.25 inch IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format). Please contact COSMIC to obtain detailed information about the supported operating system and OSF/Motif releases required for each of these machine versions. An optional Motif Object Code License is available for the Sun4 version of TAE Plus 5.2.

TAE+ 5.1 - TRANSPORTABLE APPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENT PLUS, VERSION 5.1 (VAX VMS VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

TAE SUPPORT OFFICE

1994-01-01

TAE (Transportable Applications Environment) Plus is an integrated, portable environment for developing and running interactive window, text, and graphical object-based application systems. The program allows both programmers and non-programmers to easily construct their own custom application interface and to move that interface and application to different machine environments. TAE Plus makes both the application and the machine environment transparent, with noticeable improvements in the learning curve. The main components of TAE Plus are as follows: (1) the WorkBench, a What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) tool for the design and layout of a user interface; (2) the Window Programming Tools Package (WPT), a set of callable subroutines that control an application's user interface; and (3) TAE Command Language (TCL), an easy-to-learn command language that provides an easy way to develop an executable application prototype with a run-time interpreted language. The WorkBench tool allows the application developer to interactively construct the layout of an application's display screen by manipulating a set of interaction objects including input items such as buttons, icons, and scrolling text lists. User interface interactive objects include data-driven graphical objects such as dials, thermometers, and strip charts as well as menubars, option menus, file selection items, message items, push buttons, and color loggers. The WorkBench user specifies the windows and interaction objects that will make up the user interface, then specifies the sequence of the user interface dialogue. The description of the designed user interface is then saved into resource files. For those who desire to develop the designed user interface into an operational application, the WorkBench tool also generates source code (C, C++, Ada, and TCL) which fully controls the application's user interface through function calls to the WPTs. The WPTs are the runtime services used by application programs to display and control the user interfaces. Since the WPTs access the workbench-generated resource files during each execution, details such as color, font, location, and object type remain independent from the application code, allowing changes to the user interface without recompiling and relinking. In addition to WPTs, TAE Plus can control interaction of objects from the interpreted TAE Command Language. TCL provides a means for the more experienced developer to quickly prototype an application's use of TAE Plus interaction objects and add programming logic without the overhead of compiling or linking. TAE Plus requires MIT's X Window System, Version 11 Release 4, and the Open Software Foundation's Motif. The Workbench and WPTs are written in C++ and the remaining code is written in C. TAE Plus is available by license for an unlimited time period. The licensed program product includes the TAE Plus source code and one set of supporting documentation. Additional documentation may be purchased separately at the price indicated below. The amount of disk space required to load the TAE Plus tar format tape is between 35Mb and 67Mb depending on the machine version. The recommended minimum memory is 12Mb. Each TAE Plus platform delivery tape includes pre-built libraries and executable binary code for that particular machine, as well as source code, so users do not have to do an installation. Users wishing to recompile the source will need both a C compiler and either GNU's C++ Version 1.39 or later, or a C++ compiler based on AT&T 2.0 cfront. TAE Plus was developed in 1989 and version 5.2 was released in 1993. TAE Plus 5.2 is expected to be available on media suitable for seven different machine platforms: 1) DEC VAX computers running VMS (TK50 cartridge in VAX BACKUP format), 2) IBM RS/6000 series workstations running AIX (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 3) DEC RISC workstations running ULTRIX (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), 4) HP9000 Series 300/400 computers running HP-UX (.25 inch HP-preformatted tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 5) HP9000 Series 700 computers running HP-UX (HP 4mm DDS DAT tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 6) Sun4 (SPARC) series computers running SunOS (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), and 7) SGI Indigo computers running IRIX (.25 inch IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format). Please contact COSMIC to obtain detailed information about the supported operating system and OSF/Motif releases required for each of these machine versions. An optional Motif Object Code License is available for the Sun4 version of TAE Plus 5.2.

Natural Resource Information System. Volume 2: System operating procedures and instructions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1972-01-01

A total computer software system description is provided for the prototype Natural Resource Information System designed to store, process, and display data of maximum usefulness to land management decision making. Program modules are described, as are the computer file design, file updating methods, digitizing process, and paper tape conversion to magnetic tape. Operating instructions for the system, data output, printed output, and graphic output are also discussed.

SEMTAP (Serpentine End Match TApe program): The Easy Way to Program Your Numerically Controlled Router for the Production of SEM Joints

Treesearch

Ronald E. Coleman

1977-01-01

SEMTAP (Serpentine End Match TApe Program) is an easy and inexpensive method of programing a numerically controlled router for the manufacture of SEM (Serpentine End Matching) joints. The SEMTAP computer program allows the user to issue commands that will accurately direct a numerically controlled router along any SEM path. The user need not be a computer programer to...

Instrumentation for Verification of Bomb Damage Repair Computer Code.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-09-01

record the data, a conventional 14-track FM analog tape recorder was retained. The unknown factors of signal duration, test duration, and signal ...Kirtland Air Force Base computer centers for more detailed analyses. In addition to the analog recorder, signal conditioning equipment and amplifiers were...necessary to allow high quality data to be recorded. An Interrange Instrumentation Group (IRIG) code generator/reader placed a coded signal on the tape

A data acquisition and storage system for the ion auxiliary propulsion system cyclic thruster test

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hamley, John A.

1989-01-01

A nine-track tape drive interfaced to a standard personal computer was used to transport data from a remote test site to the NASA Lewis mainframe computer for analysis. The Cyclic Ground Test of the Ion Auxiliary Propulsion System (IAPS), which successfully achieved its goal of 2557 cycles and 7057 hr of thrusting beam on time generated several megabytes of test data over many months of continuous testing. A flight-like controller and power supply were used to control the thruster and acquire data. Thruster data was converted to RS232 format and transmitted to a personal computer, which stored the raw digital data on the nine-track tape. The tape format was such that with minor modifications, mainframe flight data analysis software could be used to analyze the Cyclic Ground Test data. The personal computer also converted the digital data to engineering units and displayed real time thruster parameters. Hardcopy data was printed at a rate dependent on thruster operating conditions. The tape drive provided a convenient means to transport the data to the mainframe for analysis, and avoided a development effort for new data analysis software for the Cyclic test. This paper describes the data system, interfacing and software requirements.

High data volume and transfer rate techniques used at NASA's image processing facility

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Heffner, P.; Connell, E.; Mccaleb, F.

1978-01-01

Data storage and transfer operations at a new image processing facility are described. The equipment includes high density digital magnetic tape drives and specially designed controllers to provide an interface between the tape drives and computerized image processing systems. The controller performs the functions necessary to convert the continuous serial data stream from the tape drive to a word-parallel blocked data stream which then goes to the computer-based system. With regard to the tape packing density, 1.8 times 10 to the tenth data bits are stored on a reel of one-inch tape. System components and their operation are surveyed, and studies on advanced storage techniques are summarized.

Seismological Discrimination and Yield Determination Research

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-02-01

observed short period vertical seismograms for a * Rainier Mesa explosion ....... . .68 iv * LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (continued) Figure Page 33. Comparison... mounted on sides 2 and 4. All signals were recorded on a FM instrumenta- tion tape machine with response from dc to 80 kHz. All the charges in each grout...detail. (Probes * were mounted on an external support and held at a nominal 0.2 mm from the Al disks.) 81 SYSTEMS. SCIENCE’ AND SOFT WARE 5.3 RESULTS

Data storage for managing the health enterprise and achieving business continuity.

PubMed

Hinegardner, Sam

2003-01-01

As organizations move away from a silo mentality to a vision of enterprise-level information, more healthcare IT departments are rejecting the idea of information storage as an isolated, system-by-system solution. IT executives want storage solutions that act as a strategic element of an IT infrastructure, centralizing storage management activities to effectively reduce operational overhead and costs. This article focuses on three areas of enterprise storage: tape, disk, and disaster avoidance.

Generation of dynamo magnetic fields in protoplanetary and other astrophysical accretion disks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stepinski, T. F.; Levy, E. H.

1988-01-01

A computational method for treating the generation of dynamo magnetic fields in astrophysical disks is presented. The numerical difficulty of handling the boundary condition at infinity in the cylindrical disk geometry is overcome by embedding the disk in a spherical computational space and matching the solutions to analytically tractable spherical functions in the surrounding space. The lowest lying dynamo normal modes for a 'thick' astrophysical disk are calculated. The generated modes found are all oscillatory and spatially localized. Tha potential implications of the results for the properties of dynamo magnetic fields in real astrophysical disks are discussed.

Software Computes Tape-Casting Parameters

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

deGroh, Henry C., III

2003-01-01

Tcast2 is a FORTRAN computer program that accelerates the setup of a process in which a slurry containing metal particles and a polymeric binder is cast, to a thickness regulated by a doctor blade, onto fibers wound on a rotating drum to make a green precursor of a metal-matrix/fiber composite tape. Before Tcast2, setup parameters were determined by trial and error in time-consuming multiple iterations of the process. In Tcast2, the fiber architecture in the final composite is expressed in terms of the lateral distance between fibers and the thickness-wise distance between fibers in adjacent plies. The lateral distance is controlled via the manner of winding. The interply spacing is controlled via the characteristics of the slurry and the doctor-blade height. When a new combination of fibers and slurry is first cast and dried to a green tape, the shrinkage from the wet to the green condition and a few other key parameters of the green tape are measured. These parameters are provided as input to Tcast2, which uses them to compute the doctor-blade height and fiber spacings needed to obtain the desired fiber architecture and fiber volume fraction in the final composite.

Algorithms for Coastal-Zone Color-Scanner Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1986-01-01

Software for Nimbus-7 Coastal-Zone Color-Scanner (CZCS) derived products consists of set of scientific algorithms for extracting information from CZCS-gathered data. Software uses CZCS-generated Calibrated RadianceTemperature (CRT) tape as input and outputs computer-compatible tape and film product.

Audio-Tutorial Instruction in Medicine.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boyle, Gloria J.; Herrick, Merlyn C.

This progress report concerns an audio-tutorial approach used at the University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine. Instructional techniques such as slide-tape presentations, compressed speech audio tapes, computer-assisted instruction (CAI), motion pictures, television, microfiche, and graphic and printed materials have been implemented,…

Determination of stresses in gas-turbine disks subjected to plastic flow and creep

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Millenson, M B; Manson, S S

1948-01-01

A finite-difference method previously presented for computing elastic stresses in rotating disks is extended to include the computation of the disk stresses when plastic flow and creep are considered. A finite-difference method is employed to eliminate numerical integration and to permit nontechnical personnel to make the calculations with a minimum of engineering supervision. Illustrative examples are included to facilitate explanation of the procedure by carrying out the computations on a typical gas-turbine disk through a complete running cycle. The results of the numerical examples presented indicate that plastic flow markedly alters the elastic-stress distribution.

Manual on characteristics of Landsat computer-compatible tapes produced by the EROS Data Center digital image processing system

USGS Publications Warehouse

Holkenbrink, Patrick F.

1978-01-01

Landsat data are received by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) tracking stations and converted into digital form on high-density tapes (HDTs) by the Image Processing Facility (IPF) at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, Maryland. The HDTs are shipped to the EROS Data Center (EDC) where they are converted into customer products by the EROS Data Center digital image processing system (EDIPS). This document describes in detail one of these products: the computer-compatible tape (CCT) produced from Landsat-1, -2, and -3 multispectral scanner (MSS) data and Landsat-3 only return-beam vidicon (RBV) data. Landsat-1 and -2 RBV data will not be processed by IPF/EDIPS to CCT format.

Study and Design of Flight Data Recording Systems for Military Aircraft

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-06-01

minicomputer (PDP-11/ 40 ) with 24K of core memory and a disk operating system. Peripherals include a CRT terminal, two 9-track magnetic tape drives, a 19 high...in question-answer mode. The NTSB plans to adapt an existing routine to the PDP 11/ 40 which will prepare a ground track of the aircraft from the...20 microseconds). Like PMOS memory, multiple power supplies were required. The next generation of microprocessors were implemented on a 40 pin package

A Combinatorial Geometry Computer Description of the XR311 Vehicle

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-04-01

cards or magnetic tape. The shot line output of the GRID subroutine of the GIFT code is also stored on magnetic tape for future vulnera- bility...descriptions as processed by the Geometric Information For Targets ( GIFT )2 computer code. This report documents the COM-GEOM target description for all...72, March 1974. ’L.W. Bains and M.J. Reisinger, "The GIFT Code User Manual, VOL 1, Introduction and Input Requirements, " Ballistic Research

The New Media in Public Affairs Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Eugene I.

This paper on innovations in public affairs education begins by enumerating some of the newer available means of communication--slow-scan television, computers, tape recordings, games and models, telephone instruction, multiple channel FM radio, libraries of tapes and slides--and discusses proposals to interconnect educational television…

Review of past, present, and future of recording technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Al-Jibouri, Abdul-Rahman

2003-03-01

The revolution of information storage and recording has been advanced significantly over the past two decades. Since the development of computers in early 1950s by IBM, the data (information) was stored on magnetic disc by inducing magnetic flux to define the pit direction. The first disc was developed by IBM with diameter of 25inch to store around 10 kByte. After four decades, the disc drive has become more advanced by reducing the drive size, increasing ariel density and cost reduction. The introduction of new computer operating systems and the Internet resulted in the need to develop high ariel density in the 1990s. Therefore, the disc drive manufacturers were pushed harder to develop new technologies at low cost to survive the competitive market. The disc drives, which are based on media (where the data/information is stored) and the head (which will write and read data/information). The head and disc are separated and with the current technology the spacing between the disc and head is about 40nm. A new technology based on magnetic recording was developed to serve the audio market. This technology is called magnetic type, it is similar to the disc drive, but the media is based on tape rather than rigid disc. Another difference being the head and media are in direct contact. Magnetic tape was developed for audio application and a few years later this technology was extended to allow and accept another technology, called video. This allows consumers to record and view movies in their home. The magnetic tape also used the computer industries for back up data. Magnetic tape is still used in computers and has advanced further over the past decade, companies like Quantum Corp has developed digital linear tape.

Tape SCSI monitoring and encryption at CERN

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Laskaridis, Stefanos; Bahyl, V.; Cano, E.; Leduc, J.; Murray, S.; Cancio, G.; Kruse, D.

2017-10-01

CERN currently manages the largest data archive in the HEP domain; over 180PB of custodial data is archived across 7 enterprise tape libraries containing more than 25,000 tapes and using over 100 tape drives. Archival storage at this scale requires a leading edge monitoring infrastructure that acquires live and lifelong metrics from the hardware in order to assess and proactively identify potential drive and media level issues. In addition, protecting the privacy of sensitive archival data is becoming increasingly important and with it the need for a scalable, compute-efficient and cost-effective solution for data encryption. In this paper, we first describe the implementation of acquiring tape medium and drive related metrics reported by the SCSI interface and its integration with our monitoring system. We then address the incorporation of tape drive real-time encryption with dedicated drive hardware into the CASTOR [1] hierarchical mass storage system.

Electron trapping data storage system and applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brower, Daniel; Earman, Allen; Chaffin, M. H.

1993-01-01

The advent of digital information storage and retrieval has led to explosive growth in data transmission techniques, data compression alternatives, and the need for high capacity random access data storage. Advances in data storage technologies are limiting the utilization of digitally based systems. New storage technologies will be required which can provide higher data capacities and faster transfer rates in a more compact format. Magnetic disk/tape and current optical data storage technologies do not provide these higher performance requirements for all digital data applications. A new technology developed at the Optex Corporation out-performs all other existing data storage technologies. The Electron Trapping Optical Memory (ETOM) media is capable of storing as much as 14 gigabytes of uncompressed data on a single, double-sided 54 inch disk with a data transfer rate of up to 12 megabits per second. The disk is removable, compact, lightweight, environmentally stable, and robust. Since the Write/Read/Erase (W/R/E) processes are carried out 100 percent photonically, no heating of the recording media is required. Therefore, the storage media suffers no deleterious effects from repeated Write/Read/Erase cycling.

Hiding the Disk and Network Latency of Out-of-Core Visualization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ellsworth, David

2001-01-01

This paper describes an algorithm that improves the performance of application-controlled demand paging for out-of-core visualization by hiding the latency of reading data from both local disks or disks on remote servers. The performance improvements come from better overlapping the computation with the page reading process, and by performing multiple page reads in parallel. The paper includes measurements that show that the new multithreaded paging algorithm decreases the time needed to compute visualizations by one third when using one processor and reading data from local disk. The time needed when using one processor and reading data from remote disk decreased by two thirds. Visualization runs using data from remote disk actually ran faster than ones using data from local disk because the remote runs were able to make use of the remote server's high performance disk array.

Simple, Script-Based Science Processing Archive

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lynnes, Christopher; Hegde, Mahabaleshwara; Barth, C. Wrandle

2007-01-01

The Simple, Scalable, Script-based Science Processing (S4P) Archive (S4PA) is a disk-based archival system for remote sensing data. It is based on the data-driven framework of S4P and is used for data transfer, data preprocessing, metadata generation, data archive, and data distribution. New data are automatically detected by the system. S4P provides services such as data access control, data subscription, metadata publication, data replication, and data recovery. It comprises scripts that control the data flow. The system detects the availability of data on an FTP (file transfer protocol) server, initiates data transfer, preprocesses data if necessary, and archives it on readily available disk drives with FTP and HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) access, allowing instantaneous data access. There are options for plug-ins for data preprocessing before storage. Publication of metadata to external applications such as the Earth Observing System Clearinghouse (ECHO) is also supported. S4PA includes a graphical user interface for monitoring the system operation and a tool for deploying the system. To ensure reliability, S4P continuously checks stored data for integrity, Further reliability is provided by tape backups of disks made once a disk partition is full and closed. The system is designed for low maintenance, requiring minimal operator oversight.

Non-Traditional Methods of Improving the Communication Skills of Disadvantaged Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, Brenda M.; Power, Marian E.

1978-01-01

Educators are encouraged to use some of the non-traditional student-centered methods for improving the communication skills of disadvantaged students, including technological aids such as books, tapes, cable T.V., video tapes, computers, etc., and devices such as role playing and dramatizations. (AM)

Flow visualization of CFD using graphics workstations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lasinski, Thomas; Buning, Pieter; Choi, Diana; Rogers, Stuart; Bancroft, Gordon

1987-01-01

High performance graphics workstations are used to visualize the fluid flow dynamics obtained from supercomputer solutions of computational fluid dynamic programs. The visualizations can be done independently on the workstation or while the workstation is connected to the supercomputer in a distributed computing mode. In the distributed mode, the supercomputer interactively performs the computationally intensive graphics rendering tasks while the workstation performs the viewing tasks. A major advantage of the workstations is that the viewers can interactively change their viewing position while watching the dynamics of the flow fields. An overview of the computer hardware and software required to create these displays is presented. For complex scenes the workstation cannot create the displays fast enough for good motion analysis. For these cases, the animation sequences are recorded on video tape or 16 mm film a frame at a time and played back at the desired speed. The additional software and hardware required to create these video tapes or 16 mm movies are also described. Photographs illustrating current visualization techniques are discussed. Examples of the use of the workstations for flow visualization through animation are available on video tape.

A bibliography of stockwork molybdenite deposits and related topics (with an emphasis on the North American literature)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Steigerwald, Celia H.; Mutschler, Felix E.; Ludington, Steve

1983-01-01

This bibliography of 1117 citations brings together references on stockwork molybdenite deposits and related topics in a format that can be sorted by topic and(or) geographic area. Each reference is preceded by a key, or keys, which may be read and sorted visually or by computer, The bibliography is available in two formats: (1) paper- or microfiche-hardcopy, and (2) fixed format computer reasonable magnetic tape, A FORTRAN program is provided for sorting the magnetic tape version,

Predictive Software Cost Model Study. Volume II. Software Package Detailed Data.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-06-01

will not be limited to: a. ASN-91 NWDS Computer b. Armament System Control Unit ( ASCU ) c. AN/ASN-90 IMS 6. CONFIGURATION CONTROL. OFP/OTP...planned approach. 3. Detailed analysis and study; impacts on hardware, manuals, data, AGE , etc; alternatives with pros and cons; cost estimates; ECP...WAIT UNTIL RESOURCE REQUEST FOR * : HAG TAPE HAS BEEN FULFILLED )MTS 0 RI * Ae* NESDIIRCE MAG TAPE (SHORT FORM)I:TST IN I" . TEST " AG TAPE RESOURCE

Self-gravity, Resonances, and Orbital Diffusion in Stellar Disks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fouvry, Jean-Baptiste; Binney, James; Pichon, Christophe

2015-06-01

Fluctuations in a stellar system's gravitational field cause the orbits of stars to evolve. The resulting evolution of the system can be computed with the orbit-averaged Fokker-Planck equation once the diffusion tensor is known. We present the formalism that enables one to compute the diffusion tensor from a given source of noise in the gravitational field when the system's dynamical response to that noise is included. In the case of a cool stellar disk we are able to reduce the computation of the diffusion tensor to a one-dimensional integral. We implement this formula for a tapered Mestel disk that is exposed to shot noise and find that we are able to explain analytically the principal features of a numerical simulation of such a disk. In particular the formation of narrow ridges of enhanced density in action space is recovered. As the disk's value of Toomre's Q is reduced and the disk becomes more responsive, there is a transition from a regime of heating in the inner regions of the disk through the inner Lindblad resonance to one of radial migration of near-circular orbits via the corotation resonance in the intermediate regions of the disk. The formalism developed here provides the ideal framework in which to study the long-term evolution of all kinds of stellar disks.

Implementation and extension of the impulse transfer function method for future application to the space shuttle project. Volume 2: Program description and user's guide

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Patterson, G.

1973-01-01

The data processing procedures and the computer programs were developed to predict structural responses using the Impulse Transfer Function (ITF) method. There are three major steps in the process: (1) analog-to-digital (A-D) conversion of the test data to produce Phase I digital tapes (2) processing of the Phase I digital tapes to extract ITF's and storing them in a permanent data bank, and (3) predicting structural responses to a set of applied loads. The analog to digital conversion is performed by a standard package which will be described later in terms of the contents of the resulting Phase I digital tape. Two separate computer programs have been developed to perform the digital processing.

US GeoData

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1992-01-01

US GeoData tapes are computer tapes which contain cartographic data in digital form. The 1:2,000,000-scale data are available in two forms. The graphic form can be used to generate computer-plotted maps. The content and scale of the maps can be varied to meet your needs. The topologically-structured form of US GeoData is suitable for input to geographic information systems for use in spatial analysis and geographic studies. Both forms must be used in conjunction with appropriate software. US GeoData tapes offer convenience, accuracy, flexibility, and cost effectiveness to many map users. Business, industry, and government users who are involved in network planning and analysis, transportation, demography, land use, or any activity where data can be related to, or plotted on a map will find US GeoData a valuable resource.

TM digital image products for applications. [computer compatible tapes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barker, J. L.; Gunther, F. J.; Abrams, R. B.; Ball, D.

1984-01-01

The image characteristics of digital data generated by LANDSAT 4 thematic mapper (TM) are discussed. Digital data from the TM resides in tape files at various stages of image processing. Within each image data file, the image lines are blocked by a factor of either 5 for a computer compatible tape CCT-BT, or 4 for a CCT-AT and CCT-PT; in each format, the image file has a different format. Nominal geometric corrections which provide proper geodetic relationships between different parts of the image are available only for the CCT-PT. It is concluded that detector 3 of band 5 on the TM does not respond; this channel of data needs replacement. The empty bin phenomenon in CCT-AT images results from integer truncations of mixed-mode arithmetric operations.

Measuring cross sections using a sag tape: a generalized procedure

Treesearch

Gary A. Ray; Walter F. Megahan

1979-01-01

A procedure was developed for surveying cross sections using a sag tape with unequal end elevations. The procedure is as accurate as traditional engineer's level surveys, is faster and easier, and can be programed for a digital computer by following the flow diagram which is provided.

A MAP read-routine for IBM 7094 Fortran II binary tapes

Treesearch

Robert S. Helfman

1966-01-01

Two MAP (Macro Assembly Program) language routines are descrived. They permit Fortran IV programs to read binary tapes generated by Fortran II programs, on the IBM 7090 and 7094 computers. One routine is for use with 7040/44-IBSYS, the other for 7090/94-IBSYS.

Structural Optimization Methodology for Rotating Disks of Aircraft Engines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Armand, Sasan C.

1995-01-01

In support of the preliminary evaluation of various engine technologies, a methodology has been developed for structurally designing the rotating disks of an aircraft engine. The structural design methodology, along with a previously derived methodology for predicting low-cycle fatigue life, was implemented in a computer program. An interface computer program was also developed that gathers the required data from a flowpath analysis program (WATE) being used at NASA Lewis. The computer program developed for this study requires minimum interaction with the user, thus allowing engineers with varying backgrounds in aeropropulsion to successfully execute it. The stress analysis portion of the methodology and the computer program were verified by employing the finite element analysis method. The 10th- stage, high-pressure-compressor disk of the Energy Efficient Engine Program (E3) engine was used to verify the stress analysis; the differences between the stresses and displacements obtained from the computer program developed for this study and from the finite element analysis were all below 3 percent for the problem solved. The computer program developed for this study was employed to structurally optimize the rotating disks of the E3 high-pressure compressor. The rotating disks designed by the computer program in this study were approximately 26 percent lighter than calculated from the E3 drawings. The methodology is presented herein.

Documentation and user's guide for interactive spectral analysis and filter program package useful in the processing of seismic reflection data

USGS Publications Warehouse

Miller, J.J.

1982-01-01

The spectral analysis and filter program package is written in the BASIC language for the HP-9845T desktop computer. The program's main purpose is to perform spectral analyses on digitized time-domain data. In addition, band-pass filtering of the data can be performed in the time domain. Various other processes such as autocorrelation can be performed to the time domain data in order to precondition them for spectral analyses. The frequency domain data can also be transformed back into the time domain if desired. Any data can be displayed on the CRT in graphic form using a variety of plot routines. A hard copy can be obtained immediately using the internal thermal printer. Data can also be displayed in tabular form on the CRT or internal thermal printer or it can be stored permanently on a mass storage device like a tape or disk. A list of the processes performed in the order in which they occurred can be displayed at any time.

Closet to Cloud: The online archiving of tape-based continuous NCSN seismic data from 1993-2005

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Neuhauser, D. S.; Aranha, M. A.; Kohler, W. M.; Oppenheimer, D.

2016-12-01

As earthquake monitoring systems in the 1980s moved from analog to digital recording systems, most seismic networks only archived digital waveforms from detected events due to lack of affordable online digital storage for continuous high-rate (100 sps) data. The Northern California Earthquake Data Center (NCEDC), established in 1991 by UC Berkeley and the USGS Menlo Park, archived 20 sps continuous data and triggerd high-rate from the sparse Berkeley seismic network, but could not afford the online storage for continuous high-rate data from the 300+ stations of the USGS Northern California Seismic Network (NCSN). The discovery of non-volcanic tremor and the use of continuous waveform correlation techniques for detecting repeating earthquakes combined with the increase in disk capacity capacity and significant reduction in disk costs led the Northern California Earthquake Data Center (NCEDC) to begin archiving continuous high-rate waveforms in 2004-2005. The USGS Menlo Park NCSN network had backup tapes of continuous high-rate waveform data since 1993 on the shelf, and the USGS and NCEDC embarked on a project to restore and archive all continuous NCSN data from 1993 through 2005. We will discuss the procedures and problems encountered when reading, transcribing, converting data formats, SEED channel naming, and archiving the 1993-2005 continuous NCSN waveforms. We will also illustrate new science enabled by these data. These and other northern California seismic and geophysical data are available via web services at http://service.ncedc.org

GEMPAK 5.1 - A GENERAL METEOROLOGICAL PACKAGE (VAX VMS VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Des, Jardins M. L.

1994-01-01

GEMPAK is a general meteorological software package developed at NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. It includes programs to analyze and display surface, upper-air, and gridded data, including model output. There are very general programs to list, edit, and plot data on maps, to display profiles and time series, to draw and fill contours, to draw streamlines, to plot symbols for clouds, sky cover, and pressure tendency, and draw cross sections in the case of gridded data and sounding data. In addition, there are Barnes objective analysis programs to grid surface and upper-air data. The programs include the capabilities to derive meteorological parameters from those found in the dataset, to perform vertical interpolations of sounding data to different coordinate systems, and to compute an extensive set of gridded diagnostic quantities by specifying various nested combinations of scalars and vector arithmetic, algebraic, and differential operators. The GEMPAK 5.1 graphics/transformation subsystem, GEMPLT, provides device-independent graphics. GEMPLT also has the capability to display output in a variety of map projections or overlaid on satellite imagery. GEMPAK 5.1 is written in FORTRAN 77 and C-language and has been implemented on VAX computers under VMS and on computers running the UNIX operating system. During installation and normal use, this package occupies approximately 100Mb of hard disk space. The UNIX version of GEMPAK includes drivers for several graphic output systems including MIT's X Window System (X11,R4), Sun GKS, PostScript (color and monochrome), Silicon Graphics, and others. The VMS version of GEMPAK also includes drivers for several graphic output systems including PostScript (color and monochrome). The VMS version is delivered with the object code for the Transportable Applications Environment (TAE) program, version 4.1 which serves as a user interface. A color monitor is recommended for displaying maps on video display devices. Data for rendering regional maps is included with this package. The standard distribution medium for the UNIX version of GEMPAK 5.1 is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. The standard distribution medium for the VMS version of GEMPAK 5.1 is a 6250 BPI 9-track magnetic tape in DEC VAX BACKUP format. The VMS version is also available on a TK50 tape cartridge in DEC VAX BACKUP format. This program was developed in 1985. The current version, GEMPAK 5.1, was released in 1992. The package is delivered with source code. An extensive collection of subroutine libraries allows users to format data for use by GEMPAK, to develop new programs, and to enhance existing ones.

From the CMS Computing Experience in the WLCG STEP'09 Challenge to the First Data Taking of the LHC Era

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bonacorsi, D.; Gutsche, O.

The Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) project decided in March 2009 to perform scale tests of parts of its overall Grid infrastructure before the start of the LHC data taking. The "Scale Test for the Experiment Program" (STEP'09) was performed mainly in June 2009 -with more selected tests in September- October 2009 -and emphasized the simultaneous test of the computing systems of all 4 LHC experiments. CMS tested its Tier-0 tape writing and processing capabilities. The Tier-1 tape systems were stress tested using the complete range of Tier-1 work-flows: transfer from Tier-0 and custody of data on tape, processing and subsequent archival, redistribution of datasets amongst all Tier-1 sites as well as burst transfers of datasets to Tier-2 sites. The Tier-2 analysis capacity was tested using bulk analysis job submissions to backfill normal user activity. In this talk, we will report on the different performed tests and present their post-mortem analysis.

Speciation of inorganic arsenic in drinking water by wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry after in situ preconcentration with miniature solid-phase extraction disks.

PubMed

Hagiwara, Kenta; Inui, Tetsuo; Koike, Yuya; Aizawa, Mamoru; Nakamura, Toshihiro

2015-03-01

A rapid and simple method using wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometry after in situ solid-phase extraction (SPE) was developed for the speciation and evaluation of the concentration of inorganic arsenic (As) in drinking water. The method involves the simultaneous collection of As(III) and As(V) using 13 mm ϕ SPE miniature disks. The removal of Pb(2+) from the sample water was first conducted to avoid the overlapping PbLα and AsKα spectra on the XRF spectrum. To this end, a 50 mL aqueous sample (pH 5-9) was passed through an iminodiacetate chelating disk. The filtrate was adjusted to pH 2-3 with HCl, and then ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate solution was added. The solution was passed through a hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene filter placed on a Zr and Ca loaded cation-exchange disk at a flow rate of 12.5 mL min(-1) to separate As(III)-pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate complex and As(V). Each SPE disk was affixed to an acrylic plate using adhesive cellophane tape, and then examined by WDXRF spectrometry. The detection limits of As(III) and As(V) were 0.8 and 0.6 μg L(-1), respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to screening for As speciation and concentration evaluation in spring water and well water. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Efficient management and promotion of utilization of the video information acquired by observation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kitayama, T.; Tanaka, K.; Shimabukuro, R.; Hase, H.; Ogido, M.; Nakamura, M.; Saito, H.; Hanafusa, Y.; Sonoda, A.

2012-12-01

In Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), the deep sea videos are made from the research by JAMSTEC submersibles in 1982, and the information on the huge deep-sea that will reach more 4,000 dives (ca. 24,700 tapes) by the present are opened to public via the Internet since 2002. The deep-sea videos is important because the time variation of deep-sea environment with difficult investigation and collection and growth of the living thing in extreme environment can be checked. Moreover, with development of video technique, the advanced analysis of an investigation image is attained. For grasp of deep sea environment, especially the utility value of the image is high. In JAMSTEC's Data Research Center for Marine-Earth Sciences (DrC), collection of the video are obtained by dive investigation of JAMSTEC, preservation, quality control, and open to public are performed. It is our big subject that the huge video information which utility value has expanded managed efficiently and promotion of use. In this announcement, the present measure is introduced about these subjects . The videos recorded on a tape or various media onboard are collected, and the backup and encoding for preventing the loss and degradation are performed. The video inside of a hard disk has the large file size. Then, we use the Linear Tape File System (LTFS) which attracts attention with image management engineering these days. Cost does not start compared with the usual disk backup, but correspondence years can also save the video data for a long time, and the operatively of a file is not different from a disk. The video that carried out the transcode to offer is archived by disk storage, and offer according to a use is possible for it. For the promotion of utilization of the video, the video public presentation system was reformed completely from November, 2011 to "JAMSTEC E-library of Deep Sea Images (http:// www.godac.jamstec.go.jp/jedi/)" This new system has preparing various searches (e.g. Search by map, Tree, Icon, Keyword et al.). The video annotation is enabled with the same interface, and the usability of use and management is raised. Moreover, In the "Biological Information System for Marine Life : BISMaL (http://www.godac.jamstec.go.jp/bismal/e/index.html)" which is a data system for biodiversity information, particularly in biogeographic data of marine organisms, based on photography position information, the visualization of living thing distribution, the life list of a deep sea living thing, and the deep sea video were used, and aim at the contribution to biodiversity grasp. Future, aiming at the accuracy improvement of the information given to the video by Work support of the comment registration by automatic recognition of an image and Development of a comment registration tool onboard, it aims at offering higher quality information.

A high performance hierarchical storage management system for the Canadian tier-1 centre at TRIUMF

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deatrich, D. C.; Liu, S. X.; Tafirout, R.

2010-04-01

We describe in this paper the design and implementation of Tapeguy, a high performance non-proprietary Hierarchical Storage Management (HSM) system which is interfaced to dCache for efficient tertiary storage operations. The system has been successfully implemented at the Canadian Tier-1 Centre at TRIUMF. The ATLAS experiment will collect a large amount of data (approximately 3.5 Petabytes each year). An efficient HSM system will play a crucial role in the success of the ATLAS Computing Model which is driven by intensive large-scale data analysis activities that will be performed on the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid infrastructure continuously. Tapeguy is Perl-based. It controls and manages data and tape libraries. Its architecture is scalable and includes Dataset Writing control, a Read-back Queuing mechanism and I/O tape drive load balancing as well as on-demand allocation of resources. A central MySQL database records metadata information for every file and transaction (for audit and performance evaluation), as well as an inventory of library elements. Tapeguy Dataset Writing was implemented to group files which are close in time and of similar type. Optional dataset path control dynamically allocates tape families and assign tapes to it. Tape flushing is based on various strategies: time, threshold or external callbacks mechanisms. Tapeguy Read-back Queuing reorders all read requests by using an elevator algorithm, avoiding unnecessary tape loading and unloading. Implementation of priorities will guarantee file delivery to all clients in a timely manner.

Dielectric strength of irradiated fiber reinforced plastics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Humer, Karl; Weber, Harald W.; Hastik, Ronald; Hauser, Hans; Gerstenberg, Heiko

2001-05-01

The insulation system for the toroidal field model coil of international thermonuclear experimental reactor is a fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) laminate, which consists of a combined Kapton/R-glass-fiber reinforcement tape, vacuum-impregnated with an epoxy DGEBA system. Pure disk-shaped laminates, disk-shaped FRP/stainless-steel sandwiches, and conductor insulation prototypes were irradiated at 5 K in a fission reactor up to a fast neutron fluence of 10 22 m -2 ( E>0.1 MeV) to investigate the radiation induced degradation of the dielectric strength of the insulation system. After warm-up to room temperature, swelling, weight loss, and the breakdown strength were measured at 77 K. The sandwich swells by 4% at a fluence of 5×10 21 m -2 and by 9% at 1×10 22 m -2. The weight loss of the FRP is 2% at 1×10 22 m -2. The dielectric strength remained unchanged over the whole dose range.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fox, Kevin

The software provides a simple web api to allow users to request a time window where a file will not be removed from cache. HPSS provides the concept of a "purge lock". When a purge lock is set on a file, the file will not be removed from disk, entering tape only state. A lot of network file protocols assume a file is on disk so it is good to purge lock a file before transferring using one of those protocols. HPSS's purge lock system is very coarse grained though. A file is either purge locked or not. Nothing enforcesmore » quotas, timely unlocking of purge locks, or managing the races inherent with multiple users wanting to lock/unlock the same file. The Purge Lock Server lets you, through a simple REST API, specify a list of files to purge lock and an expire time, and the system will ensure things happen properly.« less

Laser-plasma interactions from thin tapes for high-energy electron accelerators and seeding compact FELs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shaw, Brian Henry

This thesis comprises a detailed investigation of the physics of using a plasma mirror (PM) from a tape by reflecting ultrashort pulses from a laser-triggered surface plasma. The tapes used in the characterization of the PM are VHS and computer data storage tape. The tapes are 6.6 m (computer storage tape) and 15 m (VHS) thick. Each tape is 0.5 inches wide, and 10s of meters of tape are spooled using a tape drive; providing thousands of shots on a single reel of tape. The amount of reflected energy of the PM was studied for different input intensities. The fluence was varied by translating the focus of the laser upstream and downstream of the tape, which changed the spot size on the tape surface and hence changed the fluence. This study measured reflectances from both sides of the two tapes, and for input light of both s and p-polarizations. Lastly, an analytic model was developed to understand the reflectance as a function of fluence for each tape material and polarization. Another application that benefits from the advancements of LPA technology is an LPAbased FEL. By sending a high quality electron bunch through an undulator (a periodic structure of positive and negative magnetic poles), the electrons oscillate transversely to the propagation axis and produce radiation. The 1.5 m THUNDER undulator at the BELLA Center has been commissioned using electron beams of 400MeV beams with broad energy spread (35%). To produce a coherent LPA-based FEL, the beam quality would need to improve to sub-percent level energy spread. A seed source could be used to help induce bunching of the electron beam within the undulator. This thesis described the experimental investigation of the physics of using solid-based surface high-harmonic generation (SHHG) from a thin tape as a possible seed source for an FEL. A thin tape placed within centimeters of the undulator's entrance could act as a harmonic generating source, while simultaneously transmitting an electron beam. This removes the need for transport optics for the XUV photons and the need for additional optics to overlap the seed beam with the electron beam at the undulator entrance. By operating at sub-relativistic laser strengths, harmonics up to the 17th order of 800 nm light are produced using an SHHG technique known as coherent wake emission (CWE). CWE pulse properties such as divergence, energy, conversion efficiency, and spectrum are measured for a wide range of tape materials and drive laser conditions. A clear correlation between surface roughness and harmonic beam divergence is found. The measured pulse properties for the 15th harmonic from VHS tape (conversion efficiency 6.5x10-7 and an rms divergence of 12 mrad), the 100 mJ-level, 40-50 fs-class drive laser, produces peak powers of several MW's of XUV pulses. The results of a 1D model indicate that these CWE pulses with MW level powers are sufficient for seed-induced FEL gain. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).

The UCLA MEDLARS Computer System *

PubMed Central

Garvis, Francis J.

1966-01-01

Under a subcontract with UCLA the Planning Research Corporation has changed the MEDLARS system to make it possible to use the IBM 7094/7040 direct-couple computer instead of the Honeywell 800 for demand searches. The major tasks were the rewriting of the programs in COBOL and copying of the stored information on the narrower tapes that IBM computers require. (In the future NLM will copy the tapes for IBM computer users.) The differences in the software required by the two computers are noted. Major and costly revisions would be needed to adapt the large MEDLARS system to the smaller IBM 1401 and 1410 computers. In general, MEDLARS is transferrable to other computers of the IBM 7000 class, the new IBM 360, and those of like size, such as the CDC 1604 or UNIVAC 1108, although additional changes are necessary. Potential future improvements are suggested. PMID:5901355

Performance of the engineering analysis and data system 2 common file system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Debrunner, Linda S.

1993-01-01

The Engineering Analysis and Data System (EADS) was used from April 1986 to July 1993 to support large scale scientific and engineering computation (e.g. computational fluid dynamics) at Marshall Space Flight Center. The need for an updated system resulted in a RFP in June 1991, after which a contract was awarded to Cray Grumman. EADS II was installed in February 1993, and by July 1993 most users were migrated. EADS II is a network of heterogeneous computer systems supporting scientific and engineering applications. The Common File System (CFS) is a key component of this system. The CFS provides a seamless, integrated environment to the users of EADS II including both disk and tape storage. UniTree software is used to implement this hierarchical storage management system. The performance of the CFS suffered during the early months of the production system. Several of the performance problems were traced to software bugs which have been corrected. Other problems were associated with hardware. However, the use of NFS in UniTree UCFM software limits the performance of the system. The performance issues related to the CFS have led to a need to develop a greater understanding of the CFS organization. This paper will first describe the EADS II with emphasis on the CFS. Then, a discussion of mass storage systems will be presented, and methods of measuring the performance of the Common File System will be outlined. Finally, areas for further study will be identified and conclusions will be drawn.

Large boron--epoxy filament-wound pressure vessels

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jensen, W. M.; Bailey, R. L.; Knoell, A. C.

1973-01-01

Advanced composite material used to fabricate pressure vessel is prepeg (partially cured) consisting of continuous, parallel boron filaments in epoxy resin matrix arranged to form tape. To fabricate chamber, tape is wound on form which must be removable after composite has been cured. Configuration of boron--epoxy composite pressure vessel was determined by computer program.

Computer program design specifications for the Balloon-borne Ultraviolet Stellar Spectrometer (BUSS) science data decommutation program (BAPS48)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rodriguez, R. M.

1975-01-01

The Balloon-Borne Ultraviolet Stellar Spectrometer (BUSS) Science Data Docummutation Program (BAPS48) is a pulse code modulation docummutation program that will format the BUSS science data contained on a one inch PCM tracking tape into a seven track serial bit stream formatted digital tape.

21. SITE BUILDING 002 SCANNER BUILDING LOOKING AT ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

21. SITE BUILDING 002 - SCANNER BUILDING - LOOKING AT DISC STORAGE SYSTEMS A AND B (A OR B ARE REDUNDANT SYSTEMS), ONE MAINFRAME COMPUTER ON LINE, ONE ON STANDBY WITH STORAGE TAPE, ONE ON STANDBY WITHOUT TAPE INSTALLED. - Cape Cod Air Station, Technical Facility-Scanner Building & Power Plant, Massachusetts Military Reservation, Sandwich, Barnstable County, MA

Mean PB To Failure - Initial results from a long-term study of disk storage patterns at the RACF

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Caramarcu, C.; Hollowell, C.; Rao, T.; Strecker-Kellogg, W.; Wong, A.; Zaytsev, S. A.

2015-12-01

The RACF (RHIC-ATLAS Computing Facility) has operated a large, multi-purpose dedicated computing facility since the mid-1990’s, serving a worldwide, geographically diverse scientific community that is a major contributor to various HEPN projects. A central component of the RACF is the Linux-based worker node cluster that is used for both computing and data storage purposes. It currently has nearly 50,000 computing cores and over 23 PB of storage capacity distributed over 12,000+ (non-SSD) disk drives. The majority of the 12,000+ disk drives provide a cost-effective solution for dCache/XRootD-managed storage, and a key concern is the reliability of this solution over the lifetime of the hardware, particularly as the number of disk drives and the storage capacity of individual drives grow. We report initial results of a long-term study to measure lifetime PB read/written to disk drives in the worker node cluster. We discuss the historical disk drive mortality rate, disk drive manufacturers' published MPTF (Mean PB to Failure) data and how they are correlated to our results. The results help the RACF understand the productivity and reliability of its storage solutions and have implications for other highly-available storage systems (NFS, GPFS, CVMFS, etc) with large I/O requirements.

Everything You Always Wanted to Know about Computers but Were Afraid to Ask.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DiSpezio, Michael A.

1989-01-01

An overview of the basics of computers is presented. Definitions and discussions of processing, programs, memory, DOS, anatomy and design, central processing unit (CPU), disk drives, floppy disks, and peripherals are included. This article was designed to help teachers to understand basic computer terminology. (CW)

Optical Disk Technology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abbott, George L.; And Others

1987-01-01

This special feature focuses on recent developments in optical disk technology. Nine articles discuss current trends, large scale image processing, data structures for optical disks, the use of computer simulators to create optical disks, videodisk use in training, interactive audio video systems, impacts on federal information policy, and…

Design, processing and testing of LSI arrays, hybrid microelectronics task

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Himmel, R. P.; Stuhlbarg, S. M.; Ravetti, R. G.; Zulueta, P. J.; Rothrock, C. W.

1979-01-01

Mathematical cost models previously developed for hybrid microelectronic subsystems were refined and expanded. Rework terms related to substrate fabrication, nonrecurring developmental and manufacturing operations, and prototype production are included. Sample computer programs were written to demonstrate hybrid microelectric applications of these cost models. Computer programs were generated to calculate and analyze values for the total microelectronics costs. Large scale integrated (LST) chips utilizing tape chip carrier technology were studied. The feasibility of interconnecting arrays of LSU chips utilizing tape chip carrier and semiautomatic wire bonding technology was demonstrated.

The Design and Evolution of Jefferson Lab's Jasmine Mass Storage System

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bryan Hess; M. Andrew Kowalski; Michael Haddox-Schatz

We describe the Jasmine mass storage system, in operation since 2001. Jasmine has scaled to meet the challenges of grid applications, petabyte class storage, and hundreds of MB/sec throughput using commodity hardware, Java technologies, and a small but focused development team. The evolution of the integrated disk cache system, which provides a managed online subset of the tape contents, is examined in detail. We describe how the storage system has grown to meet the special needs of the batch farm, grid clients, and new performance demands.

Quantification of video-taped images in microcirculation research using inexpensive imaging software (Adobe Photoshop).

PubMed

Brunner, J; Krummenauer, F; Lehr, H A

2000-04-01

Study end-points in microcirculation research are usually video-taped images rather than numeric computer print-outs. Analysis of these video-taped images for the quantification of microcirculatory parameters usually requires computer-based image analysis systems. Most software programs for image analysis are custom-made, expensive, and limited in their applicability to selected parameters and study end-points. We demonstrate herein that an inexpensive, commercially available computer software (Adobe Photoshop), run on a Macintosh G3 computer with inbuilt graphic capture board provides versatile, easy to use tools for the quantification of digitized video images. Using images obtained by intravital fluorescence microscopy from the pre- and postischemic muscle microcirculation in the skinfold chamber model in hamsters, Photoshop allows simple and rapid quantification (i) of microvessel diameters, (ii) of the functional capillary density and (iii) of postischemic leakage of FITC-labeled high molecular weight dextran from postcapillary venules. We present evidence of the technical accuracy of the software tools and of a high degree of interobserver reliability. Inexpensive commercially available imaging programs (i.e., Adobe Photoshop) provide versatile tools for image analysis with a wide range of potential applications in microcirculation research.

A Robust, Low-Cost Virtual Archive for Science Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lynnes, Christopher; Vollmer, Bruce

2005-01-01

Despite their expense tape silos are still often the only affordable option for petabytescale science data archives, particularly when other factors such as data reliability, floor space, power and cooling load are accounted for. However, the complexity, management software, hardware reliability and access latency of tape silos make online data storage ever more attractive. Drastic reductions in low-cost mass-market PC disk drivers help to make this more affordable (approx. 1$/GB), but are challenging to scale to the petabyte range and of questionable reliability for archival use, On the other hand, if much of the science archive could be "virtualized", i.e., produced on demand when requested by users, we would need store only a fraction of the data online, perhaps bringing an online-only system into in affordable range. Radiance data from the satellite-borne Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument provides a good opportunity for such a virtual archive: the raw data amount to 140 GB/day, but these are small relative to the 550 GB/day making up the radiance products. These data are routinely processed as inputs for geophysical parameter products and then archived on tape at the Goddard Earth Sciences Distributed Active Archive (GES DAAC) for distributing to users. Virtualizing them would be an immediate and signifcant reduction in the amount of data being stored in the tape archives and provide more customizable products. A prototype of such a virtual archive is being developed to prove the concept and develop ways of incorporating the robustness that a science data archive requires.

Beta decay heat following U-235, U-238 and Pu-239 neutron fission

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Shengjie

1997-09-01

This is an experimental study of beta-particle decay heat from 235U, 239Pu and 238U aggregate fission products over delay times 0.4-40,000 seconds. The experimental results below 2s for 235U and 239Pu, and below 20s for 238U, are the first such results reported. The experiments were conducted at the UMASS Lowell 5.5-MV Van de Graaff accelerator and 1-MW swimming-pool research reactor. Thermalized neutrons from the 7Li(p,n)7Be reaction induced fission in 238U and 239Pu, and fast neutrons produced in the reactor initiated fission in 238U. A helium-jet/tape-transport system rapidly transferred fission fragments from a fission chamber to a low background counting area. Delay times after fission were selected by varying the tape speed or the position of the spray point relative to the beta spectrometer that employed a thin-scintillator-disk gating technique to separate beta-particles from accompanying gamma-rays. Beta and gamma sources were both used in energy calibration. Based on low-energy(<1 MeV) internal-conversion electron studies, a set of trial responses for the spectrometer was established and spanned electron energies 0-10 MeV. Measured beta spectra were unfolded for their energy distributions by the program FERD, and then compared to other measurements and summation calculations based on ENDF/B-VI fission-product data performed on the LANL Cray computer. Measurements of the beta activity as a function of decay time furnished a relative normalization. Results for the beta decay heat are presented and compared with other experimental data and the summation calculations.

Translator program converts computer printout into braille language

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Powell, R. A.

1967-01-01

Computer program converts print image tape files into six dot Braille cells, enabling a blind computer programmer to monitor and evaluate data generated by his own programs. The Braille output is printed 8 lines per inch.

Digital terrain tapes: user guide

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1980-01-01

DMATC's digital terrain tapes are a by-product of the agency's efforts to streamline the production of raised-relief maps. In the early 1960's DMATC developed the Digital Graphics Recorder (DGR) system that introduced new digitizing techniques and processing methods into the field of three-dimensional mapping. The DGR system consisted of an automatic digitizing table and a computer system that recorded a grid of terrain elevations from traces of the contour lines on standard topographic maps. A sequence of computer accuracy checks was performed and then the elevations of grid points not intersected by contour lines were interpolated. The DGR system produced computer magnetic tapes which controlled the carving of plaster forms used to mold raised-relief maps. It was realized almost immediately that this relatively simple tool for carving plaster molds had enormous potential for storing, manipulating, and selectively displaying (either graphically or numerically) a vast number of terrain elevations. As the demand for the digital terrain tapes increased, DMATC began developing increasingly advanced digitizing systems and now operates the Digital Topographic Data Collection System (DTDCS). With DTDCS, two types of data elevations as contour lines and points, and stream and ridge lines are sorted, matched, and resorted to obtain a grid of elevation values for every 0.01 inch on each map (approximately 200 feet on the ground). Undefined points on the grid are found by either linear or or planar interpolation.

Computed tomographic identification of calcified optic nerve drusen

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ramirez, H.; Blatt, E.S.; Hibri, N.S.

1983-07-01

Four cases of optic disk drusen were accurately diagnosed with orbital computed tomography (CT). The radiologist should be aware of the characteristic CT finding of discrete calcification within an otherwise normal optic disk. This benign process is easily differentiated from lesions such as calcific neoplastic processes of the posterior globe. CT identification of optic disk drusen is essential in the evaluation of visual field defects, migraine-like headaches, and pseudopapilledema.

OUR's: Optimum Utilization of Resources; A Guide to Instructional Resources in Occupational Education. Research Pub. 77-1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beamish, Eric; And Others

This resource guide contains over 300 entries which are available through the Optimum Utilization of Resources (OUR's) exchange system. The entries describe learning materials, such as slides, video tapes, audio tapes, films, print material, and computer assisted instructional programs, which have been developed primarily by faculty of the…

Understanding Floppy Disks.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Valentine, Pamela

1980-01-01

The author describes the floppy disk with an analogy to the phonograph record, and discusses the advantages, disadvantages, and capabilities of hard-sectored and soft-sectored floppy disks. She concludes that, at present, the floppy disk will continue to be the primary choice of personal computer manufacturers and their customers. (KC)

Filament wound data base development, revision 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sharp, R. Scott; Braddock, William F.

1985-01-01

The objective was to update the present Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster (SRB) baseline reentry aerodynamic data base and to develop a new reentry data base for the filament wound case SRB along with individual protuberance increments. Lockheed's procedures for performing these tasks are discussed. Free fall of the SRBs after separation from the Space Shuttle Launch Vehicle is completely uncontrolled. However, the SRBs must decelerate to a velocity and attitude that is suitable for parachute deployment. To determine the SRB reentry trajectory parameters, including the rate of deceleration and attitude history during free-fall, engineers at Marshall Space Flight Center are using a six-degree-of-freedom computer program to predict dynamic behavior. Static stability aerodynamic coefficients are part of the information required for input into this computer program. Lockheed analyzed the existing reentry aerodynamic data tape (Data Tape 5) for the current steel case SRB. This analysis resulted in the development of Data Tape 7.

A hierarchical storage management (HSM) scheme for cost-effective on-line archival using lossy compression.

PubMed

Avrin, D E; Andriole, K P; Yin, L; Gould, R G; Arenson, R L

2001-03-01

A hierarchical storage management (HSM) scheme for cost-effective on-line archival of image data using lossy compression is described. This HSM scheme also provides an off-site tape backup mechanism and disaster recovery. The full-resolution image data are viewed originally for primary diagnosis, then losslessly compressed and sent off site to a tape backup archive. In addition, the original data are wavelet lossy compressed (at approximately 25:1 for computed radiography, 10:1 for computed tomography, and 5:1 for magnetic resonance) and stored on a large RAID device for maximum cost-effective, on-line storage and immediate retrieval of images for review and comparison. This HSM scheme provides a solution to 4 problems in image archiving, namely cost-effective on-line storage, disaster recovery of data, off-site tape backup for the legal record, and maximum intermediate storage and retrieval through the use of on-site lossy compression.

User's Guide for ERB 7 Matrix. Volume 1: Experiment Description and Quality Control Report for Year 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tighe, R. J.; Shen, M. Y. H.

1984-01-01

The Nimbus 7 ERB MATRIX Tape is a computer program in which radiances and irradiances are converted into fluxes which are used to compute the basic scientific output parameters, emitted flux, albedo, and net radiation. They are spatially averaged and presented as time averages over one-day, six-day, and monthly periods. MATRIX data for the period November 16, 1978 through October 31, 1979 are presented. Described are the Earth Radiation Budget experiment, the Science Quality Control Report, Items checked by the MATRIX Science Quality Control Program, and Science Quality Control Data Analysis Report. Additional material from the detailed scientific quality control of the tapes which may be very useful to a user of the MATRIX tapes is included. Known errors and data problems and some suggestions on how to use the data for further climatologic and atmospheric physics studies are also discussed.

Disk Memories: What You Should Know before You Buy Them.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bursky, Dave

1981-01-01

Explains the basic features of floppy disk and hard disk computer storage systems and the purchasing decisions which must be made, particularly in relation to certain popular microcomputers. A disk vendors directory is included. Journal availability: Hayden Publishing Company, 50 Essex Street, Rochelle Park, NJ 07662. (SJL)

Heat transfer in a cover-plate preswirl rotating-disk system

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pilbrow, R.; Karabay, H.; Wilson, M.

1999-04-01

In most gas turbines, blade-cooling air is supplied from stationary preswirl nozzles that swirl the air in the direction of rotation of the turbine disk. In the cover-plate system, the preswirl nozzles are located radially inward of the blade-cooling holes in the disk, and the swirling air flows radially outward in the cavity between the disk and a cover-plate attached to it. In this combined computational and experimental paper, an axisymmetric elliptic solver, incorporating the Launder-Sharma and the Morse low-Reynolds-number {kappa}-{epsilon} turbulence models, is used to compute the flow and heat transfer. The computed Nusselt numbers for the heated turbinemore » disk are compared with measured values obtained from a rotating-disk rig. Comparisons are presented, for a wide range of coolant flow rates, for rotational Reynolds numbers in the range 0.5 {times} 10{sup 6} to 1.5 {times} 10{sup 6}, and for 0.9 < {beta}{sub p} < 3.1, where {beta}{sub p} is the preswirl ratio (or ratio of the tangential component of velocity of the cooling air at inlet to the system to that of the disk). Agreement between the computed and measured Nusselt numbers is reasonably good, particularly at the larger Reynolds numbers. A simplified numerical simulation is also conducted to show the effect of the swirl ratio and the other flow parameters on the flow and heat transfer in the cover-plate system.« less

A high speed data acquisition and analysis system for transonic velocity, density, and total temperature fluctuations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Clukey, Steven J.

1988-01-01

The high speed Dynamic Data Acquisition System (DDAS) is described which provides the capability for the simultaneous measurement of velocity, density, and total temperature fluctuations. The system of hardware and software is described in context of the wind tunnel environment. The DDAS replaces both a recording mechanism and a separate data processing system. The data acquisition and data reduction process has been combined within DDAS. DDAS receives input from hot wires and anemometers, amplifies and filters the signals with computer controlled modules, and converts the analog signals to digital with real-time simultaneous digitization followed by digital recording on disk or tape. Automatic acquisition (either from a computer link to an existing wind tunnel acquisition system, or from data acquisition facilities within DDAS) collects necessary calibration and environment data. The generation of hot wire sensitivities is done in DDAS, as is the application of sensitivities to the hot wire data to generate turbulence quantities. The presentation of the raw and processed data, in terms of root mean square values of velocity, density and temperature, and the processing of the spectral data is accomplished on demand in near-real-time- with DDAS. A comprehensive description of the interface to the DDAS and of the internal mechanisms will be prosented. A summary of operations relevant to the use of the DDAS will be provided.

Microgravity computing codes. User's guide

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1982-01-01

Codes used in microgravity experiments to compute fluid parameters and to obtain data graphically are introduced. The computer programs are stored on two diskettes, compatible with the floppy disk drives of the Apple 2. Two versions of both disks are available (DOS-2 and DOS-3). The codes are written in BASIC and are structured as interactive programs. Interaction takes place through the keyboard of any Apple 2-48K standard system with single floppy disk drive. The programs are protected against wrong commands given by the operator. The programs are described step by step in the same order as the instructions displayed on the monitor. Most of these instructions are shown, with samples of computation and of graphics.

47 CFR 1.734 - Specifications as to pleadings, briefs, and other documents; subscription.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... submitted both as hard copies and on computer disk formatted to be compatible with the Commission's computer... copies of tariffs or reports with their hard copies need not include such tariffs or reports on the disk...

21 CFR 803.14 - How do I submit a report electronically?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... submissions include alternative reporting media (magnetic tape, disc, etc.) and computer-to-computer communication. (b) If your electronic report meets electronic reporting standards, guidance documents, or other...

TAE+ 5.1 - TRANSPORTABLE APPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENT PLUS, VERSION 5.1 (DEC VAX ULTRIX VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

TAE SUPPORT OFFICE

1994-01-01

TAE (Transportable Applications Environment) Plus is an integrated, portable environment for developing and running interactive window, text, and graphical object-based application systems. The program allows both programmers and non-programmers to easily construct their own custom application interface and to move that interface and application to different machine environments. TAE Plus makes both the application and the machine environment transparent, with noticeable improvements in the learning curve. The main components of TAE Plus are as follows: (1) the WorkBench, a What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) tool for the design and layout of a user interface; (2) the Window Programming Tools Package (WPT), a set of callable subroutines that control an application's user interface; and (3) TAE Command Language (TCL), an easy-to-learn command language that provides an easy way to develop an executable application prototype with a run-time interpreted language. The WorkBench tool allows the application developer to interactively construct the layout of an application's display screen by manipulating a set of interaction objects including input items such as buttons, icons, and scrolling text lists. Data-driven graphical objects such as dials, thermometers, and strip charts are also included. TAE Plus updates the strip chart as the data values change. The WorkBench user specifies the windows and interaction objects that will make up the user interface, then specifies the sequence of the user interface dialogue. The description of the designed user interface is then saved into resource files. For those who desire to develop the designed user interface into an operational application, the WorkBench tool also generates source code (C, Ada, and TCL) which fully controls the application's user interface through function calls to the WPTs. The WPTs are the runtime services used by application programs to display and control the user interfaces. Since the WPTs access the workbench-generated resource files during each execution, details such as color, font, location, and object type remain independent from the application code, allowing changes to the user interface without recompiling and relinking. The Silicon Graphics version of TAE Plus now has a font caching scheme and a color caching scheme to make color allocation more efficient. In addition to WPTs, TAE Plus can control interaction of objects from the interpreted TAE Command Language. TCL provides an extremely powerful means for the more experienced developer to quickly prototype an application's use of TAE Plus interaction objects and add programming logic without the overhead of compiling or linking. TAE Plus requires MIT's X Window System, Version 11 Release 4, and the Open Software Foundation's Motif Toolkit 1.1 or 1.1.1. The Workbench and WPTs are written in C++ and the remaining code is written in C. TAE Plus is available by license for an unlimited time period. The licensed program product includes the TAE Plus source code and one set of supporting documentation. Additional documentation may be purchased separately at the price indicated below. The amount of disk space required to load the TAE Plus tar format tape is between 35Mb and 67Mb depending on the machine version. The recommended minimum memory is 12Mb. Each TAE Plus platform delivery tape includes pre-built libraries and executable binary code for that particular machine, as well as source code, so users do not have to do an installation. Users wishing to recompile the source will need both a C compiler and either GNU's C++ Version 1.39 or later, or a C++ compiler based on AT&T 2.0 cfront. TAE Plus comes with InterViews and idraw, two software packages developed by Stanford University and integrated in TAE Plus. TAE Plus was developed in 1989 and version 5.1 was released in 1991. TAE Plus is currently available on media suitable for eight different machine platforms: 1) DEC VAX computers running VMS 5.3 or higher (TK50 cartridge in VAX BACKUP format), 2) DEC VAXstations running ULTRIX 4.1 or later (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), 3) DEC RISC workstations running ULTRIX 4.1 or later (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), 4) HP9000 Series 300/400 computers running HP-UX 8.0 (.25 inch HP-preformatted tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 5) HP9000 Series 700 computers running HP-UX 8.05 (HP 4mm DDS DAT tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 6) Sun3 series computers running SunOS 4.1.1 (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 7) Sun4 (SPARC) series computers running SunOS 4.1.1 (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), and 8) SGI Indigo computers running IRIX 4.0.1 and IRIX/Motif 1.0.1 (.25 inch IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format). An optional Motif Object Code License is available for either Sun version. TAE is a trademark of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. X Window System is a trademark of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Motif is a trademark of the Open Software Foundation. DEC, VAX, VMS, TK50 and ULTRIX are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. HP9000 and HP-UX are trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Co. Sun3, Sun4, SunOS, and SPARC are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. SGI and IRIS are registered trademarks of Silicon Graphics, Inc.

TAE+ 5.1 - TRANSPORTABLE APPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENT PLUS, VERSION 5.1 (SUN3 VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

TAE SUPPORT OFFICE

1994-01-01

TAE (Transportable Applications Environment) Plus is an integrated, portable environment for developing and running interactive window, text, and graphical object-based application systems. The program allows both programmers and non-programmers to easily construct their own custom application interface and to move that interface and application to different machine environments. TAE Plus makes both the application and the machine environment transparent, with noticeable improvements in the learning curve. The main components of TAE Plus are as follows: (1) the WorkBench, a What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) tool for the design and layout of a user interface; (2) the Window Programming Tools Package (WPT), a set of callable subroutines that control an application's user interface; and (3) TAE Command Language (TCL), an easy-to-learn command language that provides an easy way to develop an executable application prototype with a run-time interpreted language. The WorkBench tool allows the application developer to interactively construct the layout of an application's display screen by manipulating a set of interaction objects including input items such as buttons, icons, and scrolling text lists. Data-driven graphical objects such as dials, thermometers, and strip charts are also included. TAE Plus updates the strip chart as the data values change. The WorkBench user specifies the windows and interaction objects that will make up the user interface, then specifies the sequence of the user interface dialogue. The description of the designed user interface is then saved into resource files. For those who desire to develop the designed user interface into an operational application, the WorkBench tool also generates source code (C, Ada, and TCL) which fully controls the application's user interface through function calls to the WPTs. The WPTs are the runtime services used by application programs to display and control the user interfaces. Since the WPTs access the workbench-generated resource files during each execution, details such as color, font, location, and object type remain independent from the application code, allowing changes to the user interface without recompiling and relinking. The Silicon Graphics version of TAE Plus now has a font caching scheme and a color caching scheme to make color allocation more efficient. In addition to WPTs, TAE Plus can control interaction of objects from the interpreted TAE Command Language. TCL provides an extremely powerful means for the more experienced developer to quickly prototype an application's use of TAE Plus interaction objects and add programming logic without the overhead of compiling or linking. TAE Plus requires MIT's X Window System, Version 11 Release 4, and the Open Software Foundation's Motif Toolkit 1.1 or 1.1.1. The Workbench and WPTs are written in C++ and the remaining code is written in C. TAE Plus is available by license for an unlimited time period. The licensed program product includes the TAE Plus source code and one set of supporting documentation. Additional documentation may be purchased separately at the price indicated below. The amount of disk space required to load the TAE Plus tar format tape is between 35Mb and 67Mb depending on the machine version. The recommended minimum memory is 12Mb. Each TAE Plus platform delivery tape includes pre-built libraries and executable binary code for that particular machine, as well as source code, so users do not have to do an installation. Users wishing to recompile the source will need both a C compiler and either GNU's C++ Version 1.39 or later, or a C++ compiler based on AT&T 2.0 cfront. TAE Plus comes with InterViews and idraw, two software packages developed by Stanford University and integrated in TAE Plus. TAE Plus was developed in 1989 and version 5.1 was released in 1991. TAE Plus is currently available on media suitable for eight different machine platforms: 1) DEC VAX computers running VMS 5.3 or higher (TK50 cartridge in VAX BACKUP format), 2) DEC VAXstations running ULTRIX 4.1 or later (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), 3) DEC RISC workstations running ULTRIX 4.1 or later (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), 4) HP9000 Series 300/400 computers running HP-UX 8.0 (.25 inch HP-preformatted tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 5) HP9000 Series 700 computers running HP-UX 8.05 (HP 4mm DDS DAT tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 6) Sun3 series computers running SunOS 4.1.1 (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 7) Sun4 (SPARC) series computers running SunOS 4.1.1 (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), and 8) SGI Indigo computers running IRIX 4.0.1 and IRIX/Motif 1.0.1 (.25 inch IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format). An optional Motif Object Code License is available for either Sun version. TAE is a trademark of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. X Window System is a trademark of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Motif is a trademark of the Open Software Foundation. DEC, VAX, VMS, TK50 and ULTRIX are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. HP9000 and HP-UX are trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Co. Sun3, Sun4, SunOS, and SPARC are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. SGI and IRIS are registered trademarks of Silicon Graphics, Inc.

TAE+ 5.1 - TRANSPORTABLE APPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENT PLUS, VERSION 5.1 (SUN3 VERSION WITH MOTIF)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

TAE SUPPORT OFFICE

1994-01-01

TAE (Transportable Applications Environment) Plus is an integrated, portable environment for developing and running interactive window, text, and graphical object-based application systems. The program allows both programmers and non-programmers to easily construct their own custom application interface and to move that interface and application to different machine environments. TAE Plus makes both the application and the machine environment transparent, with noticeable improvements in the learning curve. The main components of TAE Plus are as follows: (1) the WorkBench, a What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) tool for the design and layout of a user interface; (2) the Window Programming Tools Package (WPT), a set of callable subroutines that control an application's user interface; and (3) TAE Command Language (TCL), an easy-to-learn command language that provides an easy way to develop an executable application prototype with a run-time interpreted language. The WorkBench tool allows the application developer to interactively construct the layout of an application's display screen by manipulating a set of interaction objects including input items such as buttons, icons, and scrolling text lists. Data-driven graphical objects such as dials, thermometers, and strip charts are also included. TAE Plus updates the strip chart as the data values change. The WorkBench user specifies the windows and interaction objects that will make up the user interface, then specifies the sequence of the user interface dialogue. The description of the designed user interface is then saved into resource files. For those who desire to develop the designed user interface into an operational application, the WorkBench tool also generates source code (C, Ada, and TCL) which fully controls the application's user interface through function calls to the WPTs. The WPTs are the runtime services used by application programs to display and control the user interfaces. Since the WPTs access the workbench-generated resource files during each execution, details such as color, font, location, and object type remain independent from the application code, allowing changes to the user interface without recompiling and relinking. The Silicon Graphics version of TAE Plus now has a font caching scheme and a color caching scheme to make color allocation more efficient. In addition to WPTs, TAE Plus can control interaction of objects from the interpreted TAE Command Language. TCL provides an extremely powerful means for the more experienced developer to quickly prototype an application's use of TAE Plus interaction objects and add programming logic without the overhead of compiling or linking. TAE Plus requires MIT's X Window System, Version 11 Release 4, and the Open Software Foundation's Motif Toolkit 1.1 or 1.1.1. The Workbench and WPTs are written in C++ and the remaining code is written in C. TAE Plus is available by license for an unlimited time period. The licensed program product includes the TAE Plus source code and one set of supporting documentation. Additional documentation may be purchased separately at the price indicated below. The amount of disk space required to load the TAE Plus tar format tape is between 35Mb and 67Mb depending on the machine version. The recommended minimum memory is 12Mb. Each TAE Plus platform delivery tape includes pre-built libraries and executable binary code for that particular machine, as well as source code, so users do not have to do an installation. Users wishing to recompile the source will need both a C compiler and either GNU's C++ Version 1.39 or later, or a C++ compiler based on AT&T 2.0 cfront. TAE Plus comes with InterViews and idraw, two software packages developed by Stanford University and integrated in TAE Plus. TAE Plus was developed in 1989 and version 5.1 was released in 1991. TAE Plus is currently available on media suitable for eight different machine platforms: 1) DEC VAX computers running VMS 5.3 or higher (TK50 cartridge in VAX BACKUP format), 2) DEC VAXstations running ULTRIX 4.1 or later (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), 3) DEC RISC workstations running ULTRIX 4.1 or later (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), 4) HP9000 Series 300/400 computers running HP-UX 8.0 (.25 inch HP-preformatted tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 5) HP9000 Series 700 computers running HP-UX 8.05 (HP 4mm DDS DAT tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 6) Sun3 series computers running SunOS 4.1.1 (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), 7) Sun4 (SPARC) series computers running SunOS 4.1.1 (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), and 8) SGI Indigo computers running IRIX 4.0.1 and IRIX/Motif 1.0.1 (.25 inch IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format). An optional Motif Object Code License is available for either Sun version. TAE is a trademark of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. X Window System is a trademark of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Motif is a trademark of the Open Software Foundation. DEC, VAX, VMS, TK50 and ULTRIX are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. HP9000 and HP-UX are trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Co. Sun3, Sun4, SunOS, and SPARC are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. SGI and IRIS are registered trademarks of Silicon Graphics, Inc.

Researching, Evaluating, and Choosing a Backup Service in the Cloud

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hastings, Robin

2012-01-01

Backups are a modern fact of life. Every organization that has any kind of computing technology (and that is all of them these days) needs to back up its data in case of technological or user errors. Traditionally, large-scale backups have been done via an internal or external tape drive that takes magnetic tapes (minicassettes, essentially) and…

Artificial Intelligence Controls Tape-Recording Sequence

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schwuttke, Ursula M.; Otamura, Roy M.; Zottarelli, Lawrence J.

1989-01-01

Developmental expert-system computer program intended to schedule recording of large amounts of data on limited amount of magnetic tape. Schedules recording using two sets of rules. First set incorporates knowledge of locations for recording of new data. Second set incorporates knowledge about issuing commands to recorder. Designed primarily for use on Voyager Spacecraft, also applicable to planning and sequencing in industry.

The use of DFDR information in the analysis of a turbulence incident over Greenland

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lester, Peter F.; Sen, Orhan; Bach, R. E., Jr.

1989-01-01

Digital flight data recorder (DFDR) tapes from commercial aircraft can provide useful information about the mesoscale environment of severe turbulence incidents. Air motion computations from these data and their errors are briefly described. An example of mesoscale meteorological information available from DFDR tapes is presented for a case of turbulence in mountain waves over the Greenland icecap.

Chronic vaginal discharge and left leg edema after a transobturator tape procedure.

PubMed

Kim, Tae-Hee; Lee, Hae-Hyeog; Kim, Jun-Mo

2014-05-01

We report on a patient who underwent total vaginal hysterectomy for urinary incontinence 8 years previously with a sling operation using transobturator tape (TOT). She was admitted to our hospital after complaints of vaginal discharge, foul odor, and bleeding, left thigh pain, and edema. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) revealed a fistula tract from the vagina or urethra with remnant sling tape. We removed the remnant tape using intraoperative ultrasonography. This case exemplifies the rare occurrence of a vaginal fistula extending to the obturator, adductor, and pectineus muscles combined with myositis after TOT placement. It is important that urogynecologists recognize that TOT procedures may result in complications accompanied by common recurrent vaginal symptoms, such as vaginal odor and spotting, which can be identified by MRI or CT.

Determination of elastic stresses in gas-turbine disks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Manson, S S

1947-01-01

A method is presented for the calculation of elastic stresses in symmetrical disks typical of those of a high-temperature gas turbine. The method is essentially a finite-difference solution of the equilibrium and compatibility equations for elastic stresses in a symmetrical disk. Account can be taken of point-to-point variations in disk thickness, in temperature, in elastic modulus, in coefficient of thermal expansion, in material density, and in Poisson's ratio. No numerical integration or trial-and-error procedures are involved and the computations can be performed in rapid and routine fashion by nontechnical computers with little engineering supervision. Checks on problems for which exact mathematical solutions are known indicate that the method yields results of high accuracy. Illustrative examples are presented to show the manner of treating solid disks, disks with central holes, and disks constructed either of a single material or two or more welded materials. The effect of shrink fitting is taken into account by a very simple device.

Accelerating Demand Paging for Local and Remote Out-of-Core Visualization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ellsworth, David

2001-01-01

This paper describes a new algorithm that improves the performance of application-controlled demand paging for the out-of-core visualization of data sets that are on either local disks or disks on remote servers. The performance improvements come from better overlapping the computation with the page reading process, and by performing multiple page reads in parallel. The new algorithm can be applied to many different visualization algorithms since application-controlled demand paging is not specific to any visualization algorithm. The paper includes measurements that show that the new multi-threaded paging algorithm decreases the time needed to compute visualizations by one third when using one processor and reading data from local disk. The time needed when using one processor and reading data from remote disk decreased by up to 60%. Visualization runs using data from remote disk ran about as fast as ones using data from local disk because the remote runs were able to make use of the remote server's high performance disk array.

Tape-Drop Transient Model for In-Situ Automated Tape Placement of Thermoplastic Composites

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Costen, Robert C.; Marchello, Joseph M.

1998-01-01

Composite parts of nonuniform thickness can be fabricated by in-situ automated tape placement (ATP) if the tape can be started and stopped at interior points of the part instead of always at its edges. This technique is termed start/stop-on-the-part, or, alternatively, tape-add/tape-drop. The resulting thermal transients need to be managed in order to achieve net shape and maintain uniform interlaminar weld strength and crystallinity. Starting-on-the-part has been treated previously. This paper continues the study with a thermal analysis of stopping-on-the-part. The thermal source is switched off when the trailing end of the tape enters the nip region of the laydown/consolidation head. The thermal transient is determined by a Fourier-Laplace transform solution of the two-dimensional, time-dependent thermal transport equation. This solution requires that the Peclet number Pe (the dimensionless ratio of inertial to diffusive heat transport) be independent of time and much greater than 1. Plotted isotherms show that the trailing tape-end cools more rapidly than the downstream portions of tape. This cooling can weaken the bond near the tape end; however the length of the affected region is found to be less than 2 mm. To achieve net shape, the consolidation head must continue to move after cut-off until the temperature on the weld interface decreases to the glass transition temperature. The time and elapsed distance for this condition to occur are computed for the Langley ATP robot applying PEEK/carbon fiber composite tape and for two upgrades in robot performance. The elapsed distance after cut-off ranges from about 1 mm for the present robot to about 1 cm for the second upgrade.

TAE+ 5.2 - TRANSPORTABLE APPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENT PLUS, VERSION 5.2 (HP9000 SERIES 700/800 VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

TAE SUPPORT OFFICE

1994-01-01

TAE (Transportable Applications Environment) Plus is an integrated, portable environment for developing and running interactive window, text, and graphical object-based application systems. The program allows both programmers and non-programmers to easily construct their own custom application interface and to move that interface and application to different machine environments. TAE Plus makes both the application and the machine environment transparent, with noticeable improvements in the learning curve. The main components of TAE Plus are as follows: (1) the WorkBench, a What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) tool for the design and layout of a user interface; (2) the Window Programming Tools Package (WPT), a set of callable subroutines that control an application's user interface; and (3) TAE Command Language (TCL), an easy-to-learn command language that provides an easy way to develop an executable application prototype with a run-time interpreted language. The WorkBench tool allows the application developer to interactively construct the layout of an application's display screen by manipulating a set of interaction objects including input items such as buttons, icons, and scrolling text lists. User interface interactive objects include data-driven graphical objects such as dials, thermometers, and strip charts as well as menubars, option menus, file selection items, message items, push buttons, and color loggers. The WorkBench user specifies the windows and interaction objects that will make up the user interface, then specifies the sequence of the user interface dialogue. The description of the designed user interface is then saved into resource files. For those who desire to develop the designed user interface into an operational application, the WorkBench tool also generates source code (C, C++, Ada, and TCL) which fully controls the application's user interface through function calls to the WPTs. The WPTs are the runtime services used by application programs to display and control the user interfaces. Since the WPTs access the workbench-generated resource files during each execution, details such as color, font, location, and object type remain independent from the application code, allowing changes to the user interface without recompiling and relinking. In addition to WPTs, TAE Plus can control interaction of objects from the interpreted TAE Command Language. TCL provides a means for the more experienced developer to quickly prototype an application's use of TAE Plus interaction objects and add programming logic without the overhead of compiling or linking. TAE Plus requires MIT's X Window System and the Open Software Foundation's Motif. The HP 9000 Series 700/800 version of TAE 5.2 requires Version 11 Release 5 of the X Window System. All other machine versions of TAE 5.2 require Version 11, Release 4 of the X Window System. The Workbench and WPTs are written in C++ and the remaining code is written in C. TAE Plus is available by license for an unlimited time period. The licensed program product includes the TAE Plus source code and one set of supporting documentation. Additional documentation may be purchased separately at the price indicated below. The amount of disk space required to load the TAE Plus tar format tape is between 35Mb and 67Mb depending on the machine version. The recommended minimum memory is 12Mb. Each TAE Plus platform delivery tape includes pre-built libraries and executable binary code for that particular machine, as well as source code, so users do not have to do an installation. Users wishing to recompile the source will need both a C compiler and either GNU's C++ Version 1.39 or later, or a C++ compiler based on AT&T 2.0 cfront. TAE Plus was developed in 1989 and version 5.2 was released in 1993. TAE Plus 5.2 is available on media suitable for five different machine platforms: (1) IBM RS/6000 series workstations running AIX (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), (2) DEC RISC workstations running ULTRIX (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), (3) HP9000 Series 700/800 computers running HP-UX 9.x and X11/R5 (HP 4mm DDS DAT tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), (4) Sun4 (SPARC) series computers running SunOS (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), and (5) SGI Indigo computers running IRIX (.25 inch IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format). Please contact COSMIC to obtain detailed information about the supported operating system and OSF/Motif releases required for each of these machine versions. An optional Motif Object Code License is available for the Sun4 version of TAE Plus 5.2. Version 5.1 of TAE Plus remains available for DEC VAX computers running VMS, HP9000 Series 300/400 computers running HP-UX, and HP 9000 Series 700/800 computers running HP-UX 8.x and X11/R4. Please contact COSMIC for details on these versions of TAE Plus.

TAE+ 5.2 - TRANSPORTABLE APPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENT PLUS, VERSION 5.2 (IBM RS/6000 VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

TAE SUPPORT OFFICE

1994-01-01

TAE (Transportable Applications Environment) Plus is an integrated, portable environment for developing and running interactive window, text, and graphical object-based application systems. The program allows both programmers and non-programmers to easily construct their own custom application interface and to move that interface and application to different machine environments. TAE Plus makes both the application and the machine environment transparent, with noticeable improvements in the learning curve. The main components of TAE Plus are as follows: (1) the WorkBench, a What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) tool for the design and layout of a user interface; (2) the Window Programming Tools Package (WPT), a set of callable subroutines that control an application's user interface; and (3) TAE Command Language (TCL), an easy-to-learn command language that provides an easy way to develop an executable application prototype with a run-time interpreted language. The WorkBench tool allows the application developer to interactively construct the layout of an application's display screen by manipulating a set of interaction objects including input items such as buttons, icons, and scrolling text lists. User interface interactive objects include data-driven graphical objects such as dials, thermometers, and strip charts as well as menubars, option menus, file selection items, message items, push buttons, and color loggers. The WorkBench user specifies the windows and interaction objects that will make up the user interface, then specifies the sequence of the user interface dialogue. The description of the designed user interface is then saved into resource files. For those who desire to develop the designed user interface into an operational application, the WorkBench tool also generates source code (C, C++, Ada, and TCL) which fully controls the application's user interface through function calls to the WPTs. The WPTs are the runtime services used by application programs to display and control the user interfaces. Since the WPTs access the workbench-generated resource files during each execution, details such as color, font, location, and object type remain independent from the application code, allowing changes to the user interface without recompiling and relinking. In addition to WPTs, TAE Plus can control interaction of objects from the interpreted TAE Command Language. TCL provides a means for the more experienced developer to quickly prototype an application's use of TAE Plus interaction objects and add programming logic without the overhead of compiling or linking. TAE Plus requires MIT's X Window System and the Open Software Foundation's Motif. The HP 9000 Series 700/800 version of TAE 5.2 requires Version 11 Release 5 of the X Window System. All other machine versions of TAE 5.2 require Version 11, Release 4 of the X Window System. The Workbench and WPTs are written in C++ and the remaining code is written in C. TAE Plus is available by license for an unlimited time period. The licensed program product includes the TAE Plus source code and one set of supporting documentation. Additional documentation may be purchased separately at the price indicated below. The amount of disk space required to load the TAE Plus tar format tape is between 35Mb and 67Mb depending on the machine version. The recommended minimum memory is 12Mb. Each TAE Plus platform delivery tape includes pre-built libraries and executable binary code for that particular machine, as well as source code, so users do not have to do an installation. Users wishing to recompile the source will need both a C compiler and either GNU's C++ Version 1.39 or later, or a C++ compiler based on AT&T 2.0 cfront. TAE Plus was developed in 1989 and version 5.2 was released in 1993. TAE Plus 5.2 is available on media suitable for five different machine platforms: (1) IBM RS/6000 series workstations running AIX (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), (2) DEC RISC workstations running ULTRIX (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), (3) HP9000 Series 700/800 computers running HP-UX 9.x and X11/R5 (HP 4mm DDS DAT tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), (4) Sun4 (SPARC) series computers running SunOS (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), and (5) SGI Indigo computers running IRIX (.25 inch IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format). Please contact COSMIC to obtain detailed information about the supported operating system and OSF/Motif releases required for each of these machine versions. An optional Motif Object Code License is available for the Sun4 version of TAE Plus 5.2. Version 5.1 of TAE Plus remains available for DEC VAX computers running VMS, HP9000 Series 300/400 computers running HP-UX, and HP 9000 Series 700/800 computers running HP-UX 8.x and X11/R4. Please contact COSMIC for details on these versions of TAE Plus.

TAE+ 5.2 - TRANSPORTABLE APPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENT PLUS, VERSION 5.2 (SUN4 VERSION WITH MOTIF)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

TAE SUPPORT OFFICE

1994-01-01

TAE (Transportable Applications Environment) Plus is an integrated, portable environment for developing and running interactive window, text, and graphical object-based application systems. The program allows both programmers and non-programmers to easily construct their own custom application interface and to move that interface and application to different machine environments. TAE Plus makes both the application and the machine environment transparent, with noticeable improvements in the learning curve. The main components of TAE Plus are as follows: (1) the WorkBench, a What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) tool for the design and layout of a user interface; (2) the Window Programming Tools Package (WPT), a set of callable subroutines that control an application's user interface; and (3) TAE Command Language (TCL), an easy-to-learn command language that provides an easy way to develop an executable application prototype with a run-time interpreted language. The WorkBench tool allows the application developer to interactively construct the layout of an application's display screen by manipulating a set of interaction objects including input items such as buttons, icons, and scrolling text lists. User interface interactive objects include data-driven graphical objects such as dials, thermometers, and strip charts as well as menubars, option menus, file selection items, message items, push buttons, and color loggers. The WorkBench user specifies the windows and interaction objects that will make up the user interface, then specifies the sequence of the user interface dialogue. The description of the designed user interface is then saved into resource files. For those who desire to develop the designed user interface into an operational application, the WorkBench tool also generates source code (C, C++, Ada, and TCL) which fully controls the application's user interface through function calls to the WPTs. The WPTs are the runtime services used by application programs to display and control the user interfaces. Since the WPTs access the workbench-generated resource files during each execution, details such as color, font, location, and object type remain independent from the application code, allowing changes to the user interface without recompiling and relinking. In addition to WPTs, TAE Plus can control interaction of objects from the interpreted TAE Command Language. TCL provides a means for the more experienced developer to quickly prototype an application's use of TAE Plus interaction objects and add programming logic without the overhead of compiling or linking. TAE Plus requires MIT's X Window System and the Open Software Foundation's Motif. The HP 9000 Series 700/800 version of TAE 5.2 requires Version 11 Release 5 of the X Window System. All other machine versions of TAE 5.2 require Version 11, Release 4 of the X Window System. The Workbench and WPTs are written in C++ and the remaining code is written in C. TAE Plus is available by license for an unlimited time period. The licensed program product includes the TAE Plus source code and one set of supporting documentation. Additional documentation may be purchased separately at the price indicated below. The amount of disk space required to load the TAE Plus tar format tape is between 35Mb and 67Mb depending on the machine version. The recommended minimum memory is 12Mb. Each TAE Plus platform delivery tape includes pre-built libraries and executable binary code for that particular machine, as well as source code, so users do not have to do an installation. Users wishing to recompile the source will need both a C compiler and either GNU's C++ Version 1.39 or later, or a C++ compiler based on AT&T 2.0 cfront. TAE Plus was developed in 1989 and version 5.2 was released in 1993. TAE Plus 5.2 is available on media suitable for five different machine platforms: (1) IBM RS/6000 series workstations running AIX (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), (2) DEC RISC workstations running ULTRIX (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), (3) HP9000 Series 700/800 computers running HP-UX 9.x and X11/R5 (HP 4mm DDS DAT tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), (4) Sun4 (SPARC) series computers running SunOS (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), and (5) SGI Indigo computers running IRIX (.25 inch IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format). Please contact COSMIC to obtain detailed information about the supported operating system and OSF/Motif releases required for each of these machine versions. An optional Motif Object Code License is available for the Sun4 version of TAE Plus 5.2. Version 5.1 of TAE Plus remains available for DEC VAX computers running VMS, HP9000 Series 300/400 computers running HP-UX, and HP 9000 Series 700/800 computers running HP-UX 8.x and X11/R4. Please contact COSMIC for details on these versions of TAE Plus.

TAE+ 5.2 - TRANSPORTABLE APPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENT PLUS, VERSION 5.2 (SILICON GRAPHICS VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

TAE SUPPORT OFFICE

1994-01-01

TAE (Transportable Applications Environment) Plus is an integrated, portable environment for developing and running interactive window, text, and graphical object-based application systems. The program allows both programmers and non-programmers to easily construct their own custom application interface and to move that interface and application to different machine environments. TAE Plus makes both the application and the machine environment transparent, with noticeable improvements in the learning curve. The main components of TAE Plus are as follows: (1) the WorkBench, a What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) tool for the design and layout of a user interface; (2) the Window Programming Tools Package (WPT), a set of callable subroutines that control an application's user interface; and (3) TAE Command Language (TCL), an easy-to-learn command language that provides an easy way to develop an executable application prototype with a run-time interpreted language. The WorkBench tool allows the application developer to interactively construct the layout of an application's display screen by manipulating a set of interaction objects including input items such as buttons, icons, and scrolling text lists. User interface interactive objects include data-driven graphical objects such as dials, thermometers, and strip charts as well as menubars, option menus, file selection items, message items, push buttons, and color loggers. The WorkBench user specifies the windows and interaction objects that will make up the user interface, then specifies the sequence of the user interface dialogue. The description of the designed user interface is then saved into resource files. For those who desire to develop the designed user interface into an operational application, the WorkBench tool also generates source code (C, C++, Ada, and TCL) which fully controls the application's user interface through function calls to the WPTs. The WPTs are the runtime services used by application programs to display and control the user interfaces. Since the WPTs access the workbench-generated resource files during each execution, details such as color, font, location, and object type remain independent from the application code, allowing changes to the user interface without recompiling and relinking. In addition to WPTs, TAE Plus can control interaction of objects from the interpreted TAE Command Language. TCL provides a means for the more experienced developer to quickly prototype an application's use of TAE Plus interaction objects and add programming logic without the overhead of compiling or linking. TAE Plus requires MIT's X Window System and the Open Software Foundation's Motif. The HP 9000 Series 700/800 version of TAE 5.2 requires Version 11 Release 5 of the X Window System. All other machine versions of TAE 5.2 require Version 11, Release 4 of the X Window System. The Workbench and WPTs are written in C++ and the remaining code is written in C. TAE Plus is available by license for an unlimited time period. The licensed program product includes the TAE Plus source code and one set of supporting documentation. Additional documentation may be purchased separately at the price indicated below. The amount of disk space required to load the TAE Plus tar format tape is between 35Mb and 67Mb depending on the machine version. The recommended minimum memory is 12Mb. Each TAE Plus platform delivery tape includes pre-built libraries and executable binary code for that particular machine, as well as source code, so users do not have to do an installation. Users wishing to recompile the source will need both a C compiler and either GNU's C++ Version 1.39 or later, or a C++ compiler based on AT&T 2.0 cfront. TAE Plus was developed in 1989 and version 5.2 was released in 1993. TAE Plus 5.2 is available on media suitable for five different machine platforms: (1) IBM RS/6000 series workstations running AIX (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), (2) DEC RISC workstations running ULTRIX (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), (3) HP9000 Series 700/800 computers running HP-UX 9.x and X11/R5 (HP 4mm DDS DAT tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), (4) Sun4 (SPARC) series computers running SunOS (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), and (5) SGI Indigo computers running IRIX (.25 inch IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format). Please contact COSMIC to obtain detailed information about the supported operating system and OSF/Motif releases required for each of these machine versions. An optional Motif Object Code License is available for the Sun4 version of TAE Plus 5.2. Version 5.1 of TAE Plus remains available for DEC VAX computers running VMS, HP9000 Series 300/400 computers running HP-UX, and HP 9000 Series 700/800 computers running HP-UX 8.x and X11/R4. Please contact COSMIC for details on these versions of TAE Plus.

TAE+ 5.2 - TRANSPORTABLE APPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENT PLUS, VERSION 5.2 (SUN4 VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

TAE SUPPORT OFFICE

1994-01-01

TAE (Transportable Applications Environment) Plus is an integrated, portable environment for developing and running interactive window, text, and graphical object-based application systems. The program allows both programmers and non-programmers to easily construct their own custom application interface and to move that interface and application to different machine environments. TAE Plus makes both the application and the machine environment transparent, with noticeable improvements in the learning curve. The main components of TAE Plus are as follows: (1) the WorkBench, a What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) tool for the design and layout of a user interface; (2) the Window Programming Tools Package (WPT), a set of callable subroutines that control an application's user interface; and (3) TAE Command Language (TCL), an easy-to-learn command language that provides an easy way to develop an executable application prototype with a run-time interpreted language. The WorkBench tool allows the application developer to interactively construct the layout of an application's display screen by manipulating a set of interaction objects including input items such as buttons, icons, and scrolling text lists. User interface interactive objects include data-driven graphical objects such as dials, thermometers, and strip charts as well as menubars, option menus, file selection items, message items, push buttons, and color loggers. The WorkBench user specifies the windows and interaction objects that will make up the user interface, then specifies the sequence of the user interface dialogue. The description of the designed user interface is then saved into resource files. For those who desire to develop the designed user interface into an operational application, the WorkBench tool also generates source code (C, C++, Ada, and TCL) which fully controls the application's user interface through function calls to the WPTs. The WPTs are the runtime services used by application programs to display and control the user interfaces. Since the WPTs access the workbench-generated resource files during each execution, details such as color, font, location, and object type remain independent from the application code, allowing changes to the user interface without recompiling and relinking. In addition to WPTs, TAE Plus can control interaction of objects from the interpreted TAE Command Language. TCL provides a means for the more experienced developer to quickly prototype an application's use of TAE Plus interaction objects and add programming logic without the overhead of compiling or linking. TAE Plus requires MIT's X Window System and the Open Software Foundation's Motif. The HP 9000 Series 700/800 version of TAE 5.2 requires Version 11 Release 5 of the X Window System. All other machine versions of TAE 5.2 require Version 11, Release 4 of the X Window System. The Workbench and WPTs are written in C++ and the remaining code is written in C. TAE Plus is available by license for an unlimited time period. The licensed program product includes the TAE Plus source code and one set of supporting documentation. Additional documentation may be purchased separately at the price indicated below. The amount of disk space required to load the TAE Plus tar format tape is between 35Mb and 67Mb depending on the machine version. The recommended minimum memory is 12Mb. Each TAE Plus platform delivery tape includes pre-built libraries and executable binary code for that particular machine, as well as source code, so users do not have to do an installation. Users wishing to recompile the source will need both a C compiler and either GNU's C++ Version 1.39 or later, or a C++ compiler based on AT&T 2.0 cfront. TAE Plus was developed in 1989 and version 5.2 was released in 1993. TAE Plus 5.2 is available on media suitable for five different machine platforms: (1) IBM RS/6000 series workstations running AIX (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), (2) DEC RISC workstations running ULTRIX (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), (3) HP9000 Series 700/800 computers running HP-UX 9.x and X11/R5 (HP 4mm DDS DAT tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), (4) Sun4 (SPARC) series computers running SunOS (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), and (5) SGI Indigo computers running IRIX (.25 inch IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format). Please contact COSMIC to obtain detailed information about the supported operating system and OSF/Motif releases required for each of these machine versions. An optional Motif Object Code License is available for the Sun4 version of TAE Plus 5.2. Version 5.1 of TAE Plus remains available for DEC VAX computers running VMS, HP9000 Series 300/400 computers running HP-UX, and HP 9000 Series 700/800 computers running HP-UX 8.x and X11/R4. Please contact COSMIC for details on these versions of TAE Plus.

TAE+ 5.2 - TRANSPORTABLE APPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENT PLUS, VERSION 5.2 (DEC RISC ULTRIX VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

TAE SUPPORT OFFICE

1994-01-01

TAE (Transportable Applications Environment) Plus is an integrated, portable environment for developing and running interactive window, text, and graphical object-based application systems. The program allows both programmers and non-programmers to easily construct their own custom application interface and to move that interface and application to different machine environments. TAE Plus makes both the application and the machine environment transparent, with noticeable improvements in the learning curve. The main components of TAE Plus are as follows: (1) the WorkBench, a What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) tool for the design and layout of a user interface; (2) the Window Programming Tools Package (WPT), a set of callable subroutines that control an application's user interface; and (3) TAE Command Language (TCL), an easy-to-learn command language that provides an easy way to develop an executable application prototype with a run-time interpreted language. The WorkBench tool allows the application developer to interactively construct the layout of an application's display screen by manipulating a set of interaction objects including input items such as buttons, icons, and scrolling text lists. User interface interactive objects include data-driven graphical objects such as dials, thermometers, and strip charts as well as menubars, option menus, file selection items, message items, push buttons, and color loggers. The WorkBench user specifies the windows and interaction objects that will make up the user interface, then specifies the sequence of the user interface dialogue. The description of the designed user interface is then saved into resource files. For those who desire to develop the designed user interface into an operational application, the WorkBench tool also generates source code (C, C++, Ada, and TCL) which fully controls the application's user interface through function calls to the WPTs. The WPTs are the runtime services used by application programs to display and control the user interfaces. Since the WPTs access the workbench-generated resource files during each execution, details such as color, font, location, and object type remain independent from the application code, allowing changes to the user interface without recompiling and relinking. In addition to WPTs, TAE Plus can control interaction of objects from the interpreted TAE Command Language. TCL provides a means for the more experienced developer to quickly prototype an application's use of TAE Plus interaction objects and add programming logic without the overhead of compiling or linking. TAE Plus requires MIT's X Window System and the Open Software Foundation's Motif. The HP 9000 Series 700/800 version of TAE 5.2 requires Version 11 Release 5 of the X Window System. All other machine versions of TAE 5.2 require Version 11, Release 4 of the X Window System. The Workbench and WPTs are written in C++ and the remaining code is written in C. TAE Plus is available by license for an unlimited time period. The licensed program product includes the TAE Plus source code and one set of supporting documentation. Additional documentation may be purchased separately at the price indicated below. The amount of disk space required to load the TAE Plus tar format tape is between 35Mb and 67Mb depending on the machine version. The recommended minimum memory is 12Mb. Each TAE Plus platform delivery tape includes pre-built libraries and executable binary code for that particular machine, as well as source code, so users do not have to do an installation. Users wishing to recompile the source will need both a C compiler and either GNU's C++ Version 1.39 or later, or a C++ compiler based on AT&T 2.0 cfront. TAE Plus was developed in 1989 and version 5.2 was released in 1993. TAE Plus 5.2 is available on media suitable for five different machine platforms: (1) IBM RS/6000 series workstations running AIX (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), (2) DEC RISC workstations running ULTRIX (TK50 cartridge in UNIX tar format), (3) HP9000 Series 700/800 computers running HP-UX 9.x and X11/R5 (HP 4mm DDS DAT tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), (4) Sun4 (SPARC) series computers running SunOS (.25 inch tape cartridge in UNIX tar format), and (5) SGI Indigo computers running IRIX (.25 inch IRIS tape cartridge in UNIX tar format). Please contact COSMIC to obtain detailed information about the supported operating system and OSF/Motif releases required for each of these machine versions. An optional Motif Object Code License is available for the Sun4 version of TAE Plus 5.2. Version 5.1 of TAE Plus remains available for DEC VAX computers running VMS, HP9000 Series 300/400 computers running HP-UX, and HP 9000 Series 700/800 computers running HP-UX 8.x and X11/R4. Please contact COSMIC for details on these versions of TAE Plus.

Probabilistic Analysis of Aircraft Gas Turbine Disk Life and Reliability

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Melis, Matthew E.; Zaretsky, Erwin V.; August, Richard

1999-01-01

Two series of low cycle fatigue (LCF) test data for two groups of different aircraft gas turbine engine compressor disk geometries were reanalyzed and compared using Weibull statistics. Both groups of disks were manufactured from titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) alloy. A NASA Glenn Research Center developed probabilistic computer code Probable Cause was used to predict disk life and reliability. A material-life factor A was determined for titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) alloy based upon fatigue disk data and successfully applied to predict the life of the disks as a function of speed. A comparison was made with the currently used life prediction method based upon crack growth rate. Applying an endurance limit to the computer code did not significantly affect the predicted lives under engine operating conditions. Failure location prediction correlates with those experimentally observed in the LCF tests. A reasonable correlation was obtained between the predicted disk lives using the Probable Cause code and a modified crack growth method for life prediction. Both methods slightly overpredict life for one disk group and significantly under predict it for the other.

Heat transfer in a rotating cavity with a stationary stepped casing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mirzaee, I.; Quinn, P.; Wilson, M.

1999-04-01

In the system considered here, corotating turbine disks are cooled by air supplied at the periphery of the system. The system comprises two corotating disks, connected by a rotating cylindrical hub and shrouded by a stepped, stationary cylindrical outer casing. Cooling air enters the system through holes in the periphery of one disk, and leaves through the clearances between the outer casing and the disks. The paper describes a combined computational and experimental study of the heat transfer in the above-described system. In the experiments, one rotating disk is heated, the hub and outer casing are insulated, and the othermore » disk is quasi-adiabatic. Thermocouples and fluxmeters attached to the heated disc enable the Nusselt numbers, Nu, to be determined for a wide range of rotational speeds and coolant flow rates. Computations are carried out using an axisymmetric elliptic solver incorporating the Launder-Sharma low-Reynolds-number {kappa}-{epsilon} turbulence model. The flow structure is shown to be complex and depends strongly on the so-called turbulent flow parameter, {lambda}{sub T}, which incorporates both rotational speed and flow rate. For a given value of {lambda}{sub T}, the computations show that Nu increases as Re{sub {phi}}, the rotational Reynolds number, increases. Despite the complexity of the flow, the agreement between the computed and measured Nusselt numbers is reasonably good.« less

The growth of the UniTree mass storage system at the NASA Center for Computational Sciences

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tarshish, Adina; Salmon, Ellen

1993-01-01

In October 1992, the NASA Center for Computational Sciences made its Convex-based UniTree system generally available to users. The ensuing months saw the growth of near-online data from nil to nearly three terabytes, a doubling of the number of CPU's on the facility's Cray YMP (the primary data source for UniTree), and the necessity for an aggressive regimen for repacking sparse tapes and hierarchical 'vaulting' of old files to freestanding tape. Connectivity was enhanced as well with the addition of UltraNet HiPPI. This paper describes the increasing demands placed on the storage system's performance and throughput that resulted from the significant augmentation of compute-server processor power and network speed.

Computer Augmented Video Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sousa, M. B.

1979-01-01

Describes project CAVE (Computer Augmented Video Education), an ongoing effort at the U.S. Naval Academy to present lecture material on videocassette tape, reinforced by drill and practice through an interactive computer system supported by a 12 channel closed circuit television distribution and production facility. (RAO)

Drill user's manual. [drilling machine automation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pitts, E. A.

1976-01-01

Instructions are given for using the DRILL computer program which converts data contained in an Interactive Computer Graphics System (IGDS) design file to production of a paper tape for driving a numerically controlled drilling machine.

Applying a Particle-only Model to the HL Tau Disk

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tabeshian, Maryam; Wiegert, Paul A.

2018-04-01

Observations have revealed rich structures in protoplanetary disks, offering clues about their embedded planets. Due to the complexities introduced by the abundance of gas in these disks, modeling their structure in detail is computationally intensive, requiring complex hydrodynamic codes and substantial computing power. It would be advantageous if computationally simpler models could provide some preliminary information on these disks. Here we apply a particle-only model (that we developed for gas-poor debris disks) to the gas-rich disk, HL Tauri, to address the question of whether such simple models can inform the study of these systems. Assuming three potentially embedded planets, we match HL Tau’s radial profile fairly well and derive best-fit planetary masses and orbital radii (0.40, 0.02, 0.21 Jupiter masses for the planets orbiting a 0.55 M ⊙ star at 11.22, 29.67, 64.23 au). Our derived parameters are comparable to those estimated by others, except for the mass of the second planet. Our simulations also reproduce some narrower gaps seen in the ALMA image away from the orbits of the planets. The nature of these gaps is debated but, based on our simulations, we argue they could result from planet–disk interactions via mean-motion resonances, and need not contain planets. Our results suggest that a simple particle-only model can be used as a first step to understanding dynamical structures in gas disks, particularly those formed by planets, and determine some parameters of their hidden planets, serving as useful initial inputs to hydrodynamic models which are needed to investigate disk and planet properties more thoroughly.

Estimation of hysteretic losses for MgB2 tapes under the operating conditions of a generator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vargas-Llanos, Carlos Roberto; Zermeño, Víctor M. R.; Sanz, Santiago; Trillaud, Frederic; Grilli, Francesco

2016-03-01

Hysteretic losses in the MgB2 wound superconducting coils of a 550 kW synchronous hybrid scaled generator were estimated as part of the European project SUPRAPOWER led by the Spanish Fundación Tecnalia Research & Innovation. Particular interest was given to the losses caused by the magnetic flux ripples in the rotor coils originating from the conventional stator during nominal operation. To compute these losses, a 2D finite element analysis was conducted and Maxwell’s equations written in the H-formulation were solved considering the nonlinear material properties of the conductor materials. The modeled tapes are made of multiple MgB2 filaments embedded in a Ni matrix and soldered to a high purity copper strip and insulated with Dacron braid. Three geometrical models of single tape cross sections of decreasing complexity were studied: (1) the first model reproduced closely the actual cross section obtained from tape micrographs. (2) The second model was obtained from the computed elasto-plastic deformation of a round Ni wire. (3) The third model was based on a simplified cross section with the superconducting filaments bundled in a single elliptical bulky structure. The last geometry allowed the validation of the modeling technique by comparing numerical losses with results from well-established analytical expressions. Additionally, the following cases of filament transpositions of the multi-filamentary tape were studied: no transposition, partial and full transposition; thereby improving understanding of the relevance of the tape fabrication process on the magnitude of the determination of ac losses. Finally, choosing the right level of geometrical detail, the following operational regimes of the machine and its impact on individual superconducting tape losses in the rotor were studied: bias-dc current, ramping current under ramping background field and magnetic flux ripples under dc background current and field.

Archival Services and Technologies for Scientific Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meyer, Jörg; Hardt, Marcus; Streit, Achim; van Wezel, Jos

2014-06-01

After analysis and publication, there is no need to keep experimental data online on spinning disks. For reliability and costs inactive data is moved to tape and put into a data archive. The data archive must provide reliable access for at least ten years following a recommendation of the German Science Foundation (DFG), but many scientific communities wish to keep data available much longer. Data archival is on the one hand purely a bit preservation activity in order to ensure the bits read are the same as those written years before. On the other hand enough information must be archived to be able to use and interpret the content of the data. The latter is depending on many also community specific factors and remains an areas of much debate among archival specialists. The paper describes the current practice of archival and bit preservation in use for different science communities at KIT for which a combination of organizational services and technical tools are required. The special monitoring to detect tape related errors, the software infrastructure in use as well as the service certification are discussed. Plans and developments at KIT also in the context of the Large Scale Data Management and Analysis (LSDMA) project are presented. The technical advantages of the T10 SCSI Stream Commands (SSC-4) and the Linear Tape File System (LTFS) will have a profound impact on future long term archival of large data sets.

NIMBUS 7 Earth Radiation Budget (ERB) Matrix User's Guide. Volume 2: Tape Specifications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ray, S. N.; Vasanth, K. L.

1984-01-01

The ERB MATRIX tape is generated by an IBM 3081 computer program and is a 9 track, 1600 BPI tape. The gross format of the tape given on Page 1, shows an initial standard header file followed by data files. The standard header file contains two standard header records. A trailing documentation file (TDF) is the last file on the tape. Pages 9 through 17 describe, in detail, the standard header file and the TDF. The data files contain data for 37 different ERB parameters. Each file has data based on either a daily, 6 day cyclic, or monthly time interval. There are three types of physical records in the data files; namely, the world grid physical record, the documentation mercator/polar map projection physical record, and the monthly calibration physical record. The manner in which the data for the 37 ERB parameters are stored in the physical records comprising the data files, is given in the gross format section.

Technical and investigative support for high density digital satellite recording systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schultz, R. A.

1983-01-01

Recent results of dropout measurements and defect analysis conducted on one reel of Ampex 721 which was submitted for evaluation by the manufacturer are described. The results or status of other tape evaluation activities are also reviewed. Several changes in test interpretations and applications are recommended. In some cases, deficiencies in test methods or equipment became apparent during continued work on this project and other IITRI tape evaluation projects. Techniques and equipment for future tasks such as tape qualification are also recommended and discussed. Project effort and expenditures were kept at a relatively low level. This rate provided added development time and experience with the IITRI Dropout Measurement System, which is approaching its potential as a computer based dropout analysis tool. Another benefit is the expanded data base on critical parameters that can be achieved from tests on different tape types and lots as they become available. More consideration and effort was directed toward identification of critical parameters, development of meaningful repeatable test procedures, and tape procurement strategy.

VICAR image processing system guide to system use

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Seidman, J. B.

1977-01-01

The functional characteristics and operating requirements of the VICAR (Video Image Communication and Retrieval) system are described. An introduction to the system describes the functional characteristics and the basic theory of operation. A brief description of the data flow as well as tape and disk formats is also presented. A formal presentation of the control statement formats is given along with a guide to usage of the system. The guide provides a step-by-step reference to the creation of a VICAR control card deck. Simple examples are employed to illustrate the various options and the system response thereto.

An Evaluation of Personal Health Information Remnants in Second-Hand Personal Computer Disk Drives

PubMed Central

Neri, Emilio; Jonker, Elizabeth

2007-01-01

Background The public is concerned about the privacy of their health information, especially as more of it is collected, stored, and exchanged electronically. But we do not know the extent of leakage of personal health information (PHI) from data custodians. One form of data leakage is through computer equipment that is sold, donated, lost, or stolen from health care facilities or individuals who work at these facilities. Previous studies have shown that it is possible to get sensitive personal information (PI) from second-hand disk drives. However, there have been no studies investigating the leakage of PHI in this way. Objectives The aim of the study was to determine the extent to which PHI can be obtained from second-hand computer disk drives. Methods A list of Canadian vendors selling second-hand computer equipment was constructed, and we systematically went through the shuffled list and attempted to purchase used disk drives from the vendors. Sixty functional disk drives were purchased and analyzed for data remnants containing PHI using computer forensic tools. Results It was possible to recover PI from 65% (95% CI: 52%-76%) of the drives. In total, 10% (95% CI: 5%-20%) had PHI on people other than the owner(s) of the drive, and 8% (95% CI: 7%-24%) had PHI on the owner(s) of the drive. Some of the PHI included very sensitive mental health information on a large number of people. Conclusions There is a strong need for health care data custodians to either encrypt all computers that can hold PHI on their clients or patients, including those used by employees and subcontractors in their homes, or to ensure that their computers are destroyed rather than finding a second life in the used computer market. PMID:17942386

ESDAPT - APT PROGRAMMING EDITOR AND INTERPRETER

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Premack, T.

1994-01-01

ESDAPT is a graphical programming environment for developing APT (Automatically Programmed Tool) programs for controlling numerically controlled machine tools. ESDAPT has a graphical user interface that provides the user with an APT syntax sensitive text editor and windows for displaying geometry and tool paths. APT geometry statement can also be created using menus and screen picks. ESDAPT interprets APT geometry statements and displays the results in its view windows. Tool paths are generated by batching the APT source to an APT processor (COSMIC P-APT recommended). The tool paths are then displayed in the view windows. Hardcopy output of the view windows is in color PostScript format. ESDAPT is written in C-language, yacc, lex, and XView for use on Sun4 series computers running SunOS. ESDAPT requires 4Mb of disk space, 7Mb of RAM, and MIT's X Window System, Version 11 Release 4, or OpenWindows version 3 for execution. Program documentation in PostScript format and an executable for OpenWindows version 3 are provided on the distribution media. The standard distribution medium for ESDAPT is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge (Sun QIC-24) in UNIX tar format. This program was developed in 1992.

Lake Erie Water Level Study. Appendix E. Power. Annex D. Computer Programs.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-07-01

IF I 1O 3 1;1 ,019R &(ADC ZVtA.,XVAL 6070O1 v -A~T FOR ThE P,.VTOUS ONE. PREVIOUS CASE HAS BEEN DELETED FROMq TAPE) 33 HEADC8) &ATIe 1,tYA. 31...I1ONZD0ENTIFICATION FORk IEW CASE IS THE SAME As TM Y 28 *AT FOR THE PREVIOUS ONE, PREVIOUS CASE HAS BEEN DELETED FROM TAPE$ V * 2900 13 JZI,NYRS v * 30 33...AT FOR THE PREVIOUS ONE, PREVIOUS CASE RAS SEEN DELETE FRO14 TAPE) T .29 DO 13 1- - ,NVAS ________ ________________ .60 13 READ(S) ITEARRAL 31 DEADt

Machine-readable files developed for the High Plains Regional Aquifer-System analysis in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ferrigno, C.F.

1986-01-01

Machine-readable files were developed for the High Plains Regional Aquifer-System Analysis project are stored on two magnetic tapes available from the U.S. Geological Survey. The first tape contains computer programs that were used to prepare, store, retrieve, organize, and preserve the areal interpretive data collected by the project staff. The second tape contains 134 data files that can be divided into five general classes: (1) Aquifer geometry data, (2) aquifer and water characteristics , (3) water levels, (4) climatological data, and (5) land use and water use data. (Author 's abstract)

Are minidisc recorders adequate for the study of respiratory sounds?

PubMed

Kraman, Steve S; Wodicka, George R; Kiyokawa, Hiroshi; Pasterkamp, Hans

2002-01-01

Digital audio tape (DAT) recorders have become the de facto gold standard recording devices for lung sounds. Sound recorded on DAT is compact-disk (CD) quality with adequate sensitivity from below 20 Hz to above 20 KHz. However, DAT recorders have drawbacks. Although small, they are relatively heavy, the recording mechanism is complex and delicate, and finding one desired track out of many is inconvenient. A more recent development in portable recording devices is the minidisc (MD) recorder. These recorders are widely available, inexpensive, small and light, rugged, mechanically simple, and record digital data in tracks that may be named and accessed directly. Minidiscs hold as much recorded sound as a compact disk but in about 1/5 of the recordable area. The data compression is achieved by use of a technique known as adaptive transform acoustic coding for minidisc (ATRAC). This coding technique makes decisions about what components of the sound would not be heard by a human listener and discards the digital information that represents these sounds. Most of this compression takes place on sounds above 5.5 KHz. As the intended use of these recorders is the storage and reproduction of music, it is unknown whether ATRAC will discard or distort significant portions of typical lung sound signals. We determined the suitability of MD recorders for respiratory sound research by comparing a variety of normal and pathologic lung sounds that were digitized directly into a computer and also after recording by a DAT recorder and 2 different MD recorders (Sharp and Sony). We found that the frequency spectra and waveforms of respiratory sounds were not distorted in any important way by recording on the two MD recorders tested.

Scheduler software for tracking and data relay satellite system loading analysis: User manual and programmer guide

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Craft, R.; Dunn, C.; Mccord, J.; Simeone, L.

1980-01-01

A user guide and programmer documentation is provided for a system of PRIME 400 minicomputer programs. The system was designed to support loading analyses on the Tracking Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS). The system is a scheduler for various types of data relays (including tape recorder dumps and real time relays) from orbiting payloads to the TDRSS. Several model options are available to statistically generate data relay requirements. TDRSS time lines (representing resources available for scheduling) and payload/TDRSS acquisition and loss of sight time lines are input to the scheduler from disk. Tabulated output from the interactive system includes a summary of the scheduler activities over time intervals specified by the user and overall summary of scheduler input and output information. A history file, which records every event generated by the scheduler, is written to disk to allow further scheduling on remaining resources and to provide data for graphic displays or additional statistical analysis.

36 CFR 1254.12 - Will NARA log or inspect my computer, other equipment, and notes?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... computer, other equipment, and notes? 1254.12 Section 1254.12 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL... MATERIALS General Information § 1254.12 Will NARA log or inspect my computer, other equipment, and notes? (a) If you bring personal computers, scanners, tape recorders, cameras, and other equipment into our...

36 CFR 1254.12 - Will NARA log or inspect my computer, other equipment, and notes?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... computer, other equipment, and notes? 1254.12 Section 1254.12 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL... MATERIALS General Information § 1254.12 Will NARA log or inspect my computer, other equipment, and notes? (a) If you bring personal computers, scanners, tape recorders, cameras, and other equipment into our...

36 CFR 1254.12 - Will NARA log or inspect my computer, other equipment, and notes?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... computer, other equipment, and notes? 1254.12 Section 1254.12 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL... MATERIALS General Information § 1254.12 Will NARA log or inspect my computer, other equipment, and notes? (a) If you bring personal computers, scanners, tape recorders, cameras, and other equipment into our...

36 CFR 1254.12 - Will NARA log or inspect my computer, other equipment, and notes?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... computer, other equipment, and notes? 1254.12 Section 1254.12 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL... MATERIALS General Information § 1254.12 Will NARA log or inspect my computer, other equipment, and notes? (a) If you bring personal computers, scanners, tape recorders, cameras, and other equipment into our...

47 CFR 14.45 - Motions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL ACCESS TO ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES AND EQUIPMENT BY... a hard copy and on computer disk in accordance with the requirements of § 14.51(d) of this subpart... submitted both as a hard copy and on computer disk in accordance with the requirements of § 14.51(d) of this...

47 CFR 14.45 - Motions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL ACCESS TO ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES AND EQUIPMENT BY... a hard copy and on computer disk in accordance with the requirements of § 14.51(d) of this subpart... submitted both as a hard copy and on computer disk in accordance with the requirements of § 14.51(d) of this...

47 CFR 14.45 - Motions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL ACCESS TO ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES AND EQUIPMENT BY... a hard copy and on computer disk in accordance with the requirements of § 14.51(d) of this subpart... submitted both as a hard copy and on computer disk in accordance with the requirements of § 14.51(d) of this...

Advisory List of Computer-Related Materials.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Carolina State Dept. of Public Instruction, Raleigh. Div. of Educational Media.

Materials appropriate for instruction in the use of computers in the intermediate grades, junior high schools, and high schools are listed in this advisory list by type of media: activity cards; books; books (for teacher use); books (supplementary texts); book (workbook); book (workbook) with disks; filmstrips (sound); kit (including disks, guide…

Architecture and method for a burst buffer using flash technology

DOEpatents

Tzelnic, Percy; Faibish, Sorin; Gupta, Uday K.; Bent, John; Grider, Gary Alan; Chen, Hsing-bung

2016-03-15

A parallel supercomputing cluster includes compute nodes interconnected in a mesh of data links for executing an MPI job, and solid-state storage nodes each linked to a respective group of the compute nodes for receiving checkpoint data from the respective compute nodes, and magnetic disk storage linked to each of the solid-state storage nodes for asynchronous migration of the checkpoint data from the solid-state storage nodes to the magnetic disk storage. Each solid-state storage node presents a file system interface to the MPI job, and multiple MPI processes of the MPI job write the checkpoint data to a shared file in the solid-state storage in a strided fashion, and the solid-state storage node asynchronously migrates the checkpoint data from the shared file in the solid-state storage to the magnetic disk storage and writes the checkpoint data to the magnetic disk storage in a sequential fashion.

Generation of a dynamo magnetic field in a protoplanetary accretion disk

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stepinski, T.; Levy, E. H.

1987-01-01

A new computational technique is developed that allows realistic calculations of dynamo magnetic field generation in disk geometries corresponding to protoplanetary and protostellar accretion disks. The approach is of sufficient generality to allow, in the future, a wide class of accretion disk problems to be solved. Here, basic modes of a disk dynamo are calculated. Spatially localized oscillatory states are found to occur in Keplerain disks. A physical interpretation is given that argues that spatially localized fields of the type found in these calculations constitute the basic modes of a Keplerian disk dynamo.

Method and apparatus for data decoding and processing

DOEpatents

Hunter, Timothy M.; Levy, Arthur J.

1992-01-01

A system and technique is disclosed for automatically controlling the decoding and digitizaiton of an analog tape. The system includes the use of a tape data format which includes a plurality of digital codes recorded on the analog tape in a predetermined proximity to a period of recorded analog data. The codes associated with each period of analog data include digital identification codes prior to the analog data, a start of data code coincident with the analog data recording, and an end of data code subsequent to the associated period of recorded analog data. The formatted tape is decoded in a processing and digitization system which includes an analog tape player coupled to a digitizer to transmit analog information from the recorded tape over at least one channel to the digitizer. At the same time, the tape player is coupled to a decoder and interface system which detects and decodes the digital codes on the tape corresponding to each period of recorded analog data and controls tape movement and digitizer initiation in response to preprogramed modes. A host computer is also coupled to the decoder and interface system and the digitizer and programmed to initiate specific modes of data decoding through the decoder and interface system including the automatic compilation and storage of digital identification information and digitized data for the period of recorded analog data corresponding to the digital identification data, compilation and storage of selected digitized data representing periods of recorded analog data, and compilation of digital identification information related to each of the periods of recorded analog data.

A performance analysis of advanced I/O architectures for PC-based network file servers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huynh, K. D.; Khoshgoftaar, T. M.

1994-12-01

In the personal computing and workstation environments, more and more I/O adapters are becoming complete functional subsystems that are intelligent enough to handle I/O operations on their own without much intervention from the host processor. The IBM Subsystem Control Block (SCB) architecture has been defined to enhance the potential of these intelligent adapters by defining services and conventions that deliver command information and data to and from the adapters. In recent years, a new storage architecture, the Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID), has been quickly gaining acceptance in the world of computing. In this paper, we would like to discuss critical system design issues that are important to the performance of a network file server. We then present a performance analysis of the SCB architecture and disk array technology in typical network file server environments based on personal computers (PCs). One of the key issues investigated in this paper is whether a disk array can outperform a group of disks (of same type, same data capacity, and same cost) operating independently, not in parallel as in a disk array.

Ferromagnetic resonance and transverse susceptibility measurements on particulate recording media (abstract)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Orth, Th.; Pelzl, J.; Chantrell, R. W.; Veitch, R.; Jakusch, H.

1993-05-01

The FMR absorption of different particulate recording tapes was investigated at microwave frequencies in the X band and Q band using temperatures from 70 to 400 K. The FMR spectra as a function of the external magnetic field were recorded for four different orientations of the static and high frequency magnetic fields with respect to the tape. Particular interest of the experimental and theoretical study was devoted to the interaction fields between the particles, texture effects within the tape sample and the effective anisotropy fields. Tape samples with different particle materials, varying packing densities and orientation ratios were prepared. The shape and line position of the FMR spectra obtained are strongly dependent on the pigment material and the tape parameters mentioned above. The experimental data are compared with theoretical calculations, based on a phenomenological model and a computer simulation. This comparison gives information on the orientational distribution of the particles, which is the most important source for inhomogeneous line broadening, the mean interaction, and anisotropy fields which govern the line position, the effective magnetization of the tape, and the relaxation time. The influence of the crystalline anisotropy can be investigated via temperature dependent measurements. The results are proved by additional transverse susceptibility measurements.

Care and Handling of Computer Magnetic Storage Media.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Geller, Sidney B.

Intended for use by data processing installation managers, operating personnel, and technical staff, this publication provides a comprehensive set of care and handling guidelines for the physical/chemical preservation of computer magnetic storage media--principally computer magnetic tapes--and their stored data. Emphasis is placed on media…

Modeling the effect of shroud contact and friction dampers on the mistuned response of turbopumps

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Griffin, Jerry H.; Yang, M.-T.

1994-01-01

The contract has been revised. Under the revised scope of work a reduced order model has been developed that can be used to predict the steady-state response of mistuned bladed disks. The approach has been implemented in a computer code, LMCC. It is concluded that: the reduced order model displays structural fidelity comparable to that of a finite element model of an entire bladed disk system with significantly improved computational efficiency; and, when the disk is stiff, both the finite element model and LMCC predict significantly more amplitude variation than was predicted by earlier models. This second result may have important practical ramifications, especially in the case of integrally bladed disks.

HITPRO Tests and Analyses

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-09-01

significant error here would perhaps be the angular velocity as seen by the computer because the optical angle is read to the nearest tenth milliradian ...Track 6. When the tape is reproduced, this signal is recovered from the tape and is compared to the crystal oscillator reference frequency. If a...34 Comparative Evaluation of the Electro-Hydraulic and All-Electric Stabilization Systems Developed for the M60A2 Tank," dated August 1974, by

Finite Element Analysis of Flexural Vibrations in Hard Disk Drive Spindle Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

LIM, SEUNGCHUL

2000-06-01

This paper is concerned with the flexural vibration analysis of the hard disk drive (HDD) spindle system by means of the finite element method. In contrast to previous research, every system component is here analytically modelled taking into account its structural flexibility and also the centrifugal effect particularly on the disk. To prove the effectiveness and accuracy of the formulated models, commercial HDD systems with two and three identical disks are selected as examples. Then their major natural modes are computed with only a small number of element meshes as the shaft rotational speed is varied, and subsequently compared with the existing numerical results obtained using other methods and newly acquired experimental ones. Based on such a series of studies, the proposed method can be concluded as a very promising tool for the design of HDDs and various other high-performance computer disk drives such as floppy disk drives, CD ROM drives, and their variations having spindle mechanisms similar to those of HDDs.

Deployment Analysis of a Simple Tape-Spring Hinge Using Probabilistic Methods

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lyle, Karen H.; Horta, Lucas G.

2012-01-01

Acceptance of new deployable structures architectures and concepts requires validated design methods to minimize the expense involved with technology validation flight testing. Deployable concepts for large lightweight spacecraft include booms, antennae, and masts. This paper explores the implementation of probabilistic methods in the design process for the deployment of a strain-energy mechanism, specifically a simple tape-spring hinge. Strain-energy mechanisms are attractive for deployment in very lightweight systems because they do not require the added mass and complexity associated with motors and controllers. However, designers are hesitant to include free deployment, strain-energy mechanisms because of the potential for uncontrolled behavior. In the example presented here, the tapespring cross-sectional dimensions have been varied and a target displacement during deployment has been selected as the design metric. Specifically, the tape-spring should reach the final position in the shortest time with the minimal amount of overshoot and oscillations. Surrogate models have been used to reduce computational expense. Parameter values to achieve the target response have been computed and used to demonstrate the approach. Based on these results, the application of probabilistic methods for design of a tape-spring hinge has shown promise as a means of designing strain-energy components for more complex space concepts.

A Multi-Wavelength View of Planet Forming Regions: Unleashing the Full Power of ALMA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tazzari, Marco

2017-11-01

Observations at sub-mm/mm wavelengths allow us to probe the solids in the interior of protoplanetary disks, where the bulk of the dust is located and planet formation is expected to occur. However, the actual size of dust grains is still largely unknown due to the limited angular resolution and sensitivity of past observations. The upgraded VLA and, especially, the ALMA observatories provide now powerful tools to resolve grain growth in disks, making the time ripe for developing a multi-wavelength analysis of sub-mm/mm observations of disks. In my contribution I will present a novel analysis method for multi-wavelength ALMA/VLA observations which, based on the self-consistent modelling of the sub-mm/mm disk continuum emission, allows us to constrain simultaneously the size distribution of dust grains and the disk's physical structure (Tazzari et al. 2016, A&A 588 A53). I will also present the recent analysis of spatially resolved ALMA Band 7 observations of a large sample of disks in the Lupus star forming region, from which we obtained a tentative evidence of a disk size-disk mass correlation (Tazzari et al. 2017, arXiv:1707.01499). Finally, I will introduce galario, a GPU Accelerated Library for the Analysis of Radio Interferometry Observations. Fitting the observed visibilities in the uv-plane is computationally demanding: with galario we solve this problem for the current as well as for the full-science ALMA capabilities by leveraging on the computing power of GPUs, providing the computational breakthrough needed to fully exploit the new wealth of information delivered by ALMA.

``Recent experiences and future expectations in data storage technology''

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pfister, Jack

1990-08-01

For more than 10 years the conventional media for High Energy Physics has been 9 track magnetic tape in various densities. More recently, especially in Europe, the IBM 3480 technology has been adopted while in the United States, especially at Fermilab, 8 mm is being used by the largest experiments as a primary recording media and where possible they are using 8 mm for the production, analysis and distribution of data summary tapes. VHS and Digital Audio tape have recurrently appeared but seem to serve primarily as a back-up storage media. The reasons for what appear to be a radical departure are many. Economics (media and controllers are inexpensive), form factor (two gigabytes per shirt pocket), and convenience (fewer mounts/dismounts per minute) are dominant among the reasons. The traditional data media suppliers seem to have been content to evolve the traditional media at their own pace with only modest enhancements primarily in ``value engineering'' of extant products. Meanwhile, start-up companies providing small system and workstations sought other media both to reduce the price of their offerings and respond to the real need of lower cost back-up for lower cost systems. This happening in a market context where traditional computer systems vendors were leaving the tape market altogether or shifting to ``3480'' technology which has certainly created a climate for reconsideration and change. The newest data storage products, in most cases, are not coming from the technologies developed by the computing industry but by the audio and video industry. Just where these flopticals, opticals, 19 mm tape and the new underlying technologies, such as, ``digital paper'' may fit in the HEP computing requirement picture will be reviewed. What these technologies do for and to HEP will be discussed along with some suggestions for a methodology for tracking and evaluating extant and emerging technologies.

A self-configuring control system for storage and computing departments at INFN-CNAF Tierl

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gregori, Daniele; Dal Pra, Stefano; Ricci, Pier Paolo; Pezzi, Michele; Prosperini, Andrea; Sapunenko, Vladimir

2015-05-01

The storage and farming departments at the INFN-CNAF Tier1[1] manage approximately thousands of computing nodes and several hundreds of servers that provides access to the disk and tape storage. In particular, the storage server machines should provide the following services: an efficient access to about 15 petabytes of disk space with different cluster of GPFS file system, the data transfers between LHC Tiers sites (Tier0, Tier1 and Tier2) via GridFTP cluster and Xrootd protocol and finally the writing and reading data operations on magnetic tape backend. One of the most important and essential point in order to get a reliable service is a control system that can warn if problems arise and which is able to perform automatic recovery operations in case of service interruptions or major failures. Moreover, during daily operations the configurations can change, i.e. if the GPFS cluster nodes roles can be modified and therefore the obsolete nodes must be removed from the control system production, and the new servers should be added to the ones that are already present. The manual management of all these changes is an operation that can be somewhat difficult in case of several changes, it can also take a long time and is easily subject to human error or misconfiguration. For these reasons we have developed a control system with the feature of self-configure itself if any change occurs. Currently, this system has been in production for about a year at the INFN-CNAF Tier1 with good results and hardly any major drawback. There are three major key points in this system. The first is a software configurator service (e.g. Quattor or Puppet) for the servers machines that we want to monitor with the control system; this service must ensure the presence of appropriate sensors and custom scripts on the nodes to check and should be able to install and update software packages on them. The second key element is a database containing information, according to a suitable format, on all the machines in production and able to provide for each of them the principal information such as the type of hardware, the network switch to which the machine is connected, if the machine is real (physical) or virtual, the possible hypervisor to which it belongs and so on. The last key point is a control system software (in our implementation we choose the Nagios software), capable of assessing the status of the servers and services, and that can attempt to restore the working state, restart or inhibit software services and send suitable alarm messages to the site administrators. The integration of these three elements was made by appropriate scripts and custom implementation that allow the self-configuration of the system according to a decisional logic and the whole combination of all the above-mentioned components will be deeply discussed in this paper.

Monitoring Evolution at CERN

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andrade, P.; Fiorini, B.; Murphy, S.; Pigueiras, L.; Santos, M.

2015-12-01

Over the past two years, the operation of the CERN Data Centres went through significant changes with the introduction of new mechanisms for hardware procurement, new services for cloud provisioning and configuration management, among other improvements. These changes resulted in an increase of resources being operated in a more dynamic environment. Today, the CERN Data Centres provide over 11000 multi-core processor servers, 130 PB disk servers, 100 PB tape robots, and 150 high performance tape drives. To cope with these developments, an evolution of the data centre monitoring tools was also required. This modernisation was based on a number of guiding rules: sustain the increase of resources, adapt to the new dynamic nature of the data centres, make monitoring data easier to share, give more flexibility to Service Managers on how they publish and consume monitoring metrics and logs, establish a common repository of monitoring data, optimise the handling of monitoring notifications, and replace the previous toolset by new open source technologies with large adoption and community support. This contribution describes how these improvements were delivered, present the architecture and technologies of the new monitoring tools, and review the experience of its production deployment.

Astronomy, Data and the Problem of Large File Transfers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bryant, J.; Sutorius, E.; Bunclark, P. S.

2008-08-01

During the lifetime of a survey a considerable amount of data are produced, this data needs to be moved between processing centres quickly and efficiently. Over time there has been a jostling as to which method of transferring data from one location to another is best: tape, disk or network, as they say ``Never underestimate the bandwidth of a station wagon full of tapes hurtling down the highway." With the VDFS the most painless solution seems to have been using network transfers. We started by using JANET to transfer our data but the rising monetary cost and unreliable transfer speeds when dealing with terabyte scale data volumes led us to investigate alternatives. Here we describe our work on connecting to the UKLight network, run by UKERNA, alongside JANET. This network provided us with a dedicated 1Gbit/s dark fibre for our sole use that allows us to transfer astronomical data between CASU and WFAU at speeds that are limited more by end server hardware than by the network (so maybe we can beat that station wagon.)

Audio-Enhanced Computer Assisted Learning and Computer Controlled Audio-Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, K.; And Others

1983-01-01

Describes aspects of use of a microcomputer linked with a cassette recorder as a peripheral to enhance computer-assisted learning (CAL) and a microcomputer-controlled tape recorder linked with a microfiche reader in a commercially available teaching system. References and a listing of control programs are appended. (EJS)

14 CFR 389.14 - Locating and copying records and documents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Records Service (NARS) of the General Services Administration or by computer service bureaus. (1) The..., will furnish the tapes for a reasonable length of time to a computer service bureau chosen by the applicant subject to the Director's approval. The computer service bureau shall assume the liability for the...

14 CFR 389.14 - Locating and copying records and documents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Records Service (NARS) of the General Services Administration or by computer service bureaus. (1) The..., will furnish the tapes for a reasonable length of time to a computer service bureau chosen by the applicant subject to the Director's approval. The computer service bureau shall assume the liability for the...

14 CFR 389.14 - Locating and copying records and documents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Records Service (NARS) of the General Services Administration or by computer service bureaus. (1) The..., will furnish the tapes for a reasonable length of time to a computer service bureau chosen by the applicant subject to the Director's approval. The computer service bureau shall assume the liability for the...

Computational work and time on finite machines.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Savage, J. E.

1972-01-01

Measures of the computational work and computational delay required by machines to compute functions are given. Exchange inequalities are developed for random access, tape, and drum machines to show that product inequalities between storage and time, number of drum tracks and time, number of bits in an address and time, etc., must be satisfied to compute finite functions on bounded machines.

Visualization of Unsteady Computational Fluid Dynamics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Haimes, Robert

1997-01-01

The current compute environment that most researchers are using for the calculation of 3D unsteady Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) results is a super-computer class machine. The Massively Parallel Processors (MPP's) such as the 160 node IBM SP2 at NAS and clusters of workstations acting as a single MPP (like NAS's SGI Power-Challenge array and the J90 cluster) provide the required computation bandwidth for CFD calculations of transient problems. If we follow the traditional computational analysis steps for CFD (and we wish to construct an interactive visualizer) we need to be aware of the following: (1) Disk space requirements. A single snap-shot must contain at least the values (primitive variables) stored at the appropriate locations within the mesh. For most simple 3D Euler solvers that means 5 floating point words. Navier-Stokes solutions with turbulence models may contain 7 state-variables. (2) Disk speed vs. Computational speeds. The time required to read the complete solution of a saved time frame from disk is now longer than the compute time for a set number of iterations from an explicit solver. Depending, on the hardware and solver an iteration of an implicit code may also take less time than reading the solution from disk. If one examines the performance improvements in the last decade or two, it is easy to see that depending on disk performance (vs. CPU improvement) may not be the best method for enhancing interactivity. (3) Cluster and Parallel Machine I/O problems. Disk access time is much worse within current parallel machines and cluster of workstations that are acting in concert to solve a single problem. In this case we are not trying to read the volume of data, but are running the solver and the solver outputs the solution. These traditional network interfaces must be used for the file system. (4) Numerics of particle traces. Most visualization tools can work upon a single snap shot of the data but some visualization tools for transient problems require dealing with time.

Redundant disk arrays: Reliable, parallel secondary storage. Ph.D. Thesis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gibson, Garth Alan

1990-01-01

During the past decade, advances in processor and memory technology have given rise to increases in computational performance that far outstrip increases in the performance of secondary storage technology. Coupled with emerging small-disk technology, disk arrays provide the cost, volume, and capacity of current disk subsystems, by leveraging parallelism, many times their performance. Unfortunately, arrays of small disks may have much higher failure rates than the single large disks they replace. Redundant arrays of inexpensive disks (RAID) use simple redundancy schemes to provide high data reliability. The data encoding, performance, and reliability of redundant disk arrays are investigated. Organizing redundant data into a disk array is treated as a coding problem. Among alternatives examined, codes as simple as parity are shown to effectively correct single, self-identifying disk failures.

47 CFR 1.727 - Motions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... “Proposed Order.” The proposed order shall be submitted both as a hard copy and on computer disk in accordance with the requirements of § 1.734(d). Where appropriate, the proposed order format should conform... a “Proposed Order.” The proposed order shall be submitted both as a hard copy and on computer disk...

How to Get from Cupertino to Boca Raton.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Troxel, Duane K.; Chiavacci, Jim

1985-01-01

Describes seven methods to transfer data from Apple computer disks to IBM computer disks and vice versa: print out data and retype; use a commercial software package, optical-character reader, homemade cable, or modem to pass or transfer data directly; pay commercial data-transfer service; or store files on mainframe and download. (MBR)

ENDF/B summary documentation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kinsey, R.

1979-07-01

This publication provides a localized source of descriptions for the evaluations contained in the ENDF/B Library. The summary documentation presented is intended to be a more detailed description than the (File 1) comments contained in the computer readable data files, but not so detailed as the formal reports describing each ENDF/B evaluation. The summary documentations were written by the CSEWB (Cross Section Evaluation Working Group) evaluators and compiled by NNDC (National Nuclear Data Center). This edition includes documentation for materials found on ENDF/B Version V tapes 501 to 516 (General Purpose File) excluding tape 504. ENDF/B-V also includes tapes containingmore » partial evaluations for the Special Purpose Actinide (521, 522), Dosimetry (531), Activation (532), Gas Production (533), and Fission Product (541-546) files. The materials found on these tapes are documented elsewhere. Some of the evaluation descriptions in this report contain cross sections or energy level information. (RWR)« less

Nonlinear calculations of the time evolution of black hole accretion disks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Luo, C.

1994-01-01

Based on previous works on black hole accretion disks, I continue to explore the disk dynamics using the finite difference method to solve the highly nonlinear problem of time-dependent alpha disk equations. Here a radially zoned model is used to develop a computational scheme in order to accommodate functional dependence of the viscosity parameter alpha on the disk scale height and/or surface density. This work is based on the author's previous work on the steady disk structure and the linear analysis of disk dynamics to try to apply to x-ray emissions from black candidates (i.e., multiple-state spectra, instabilities, QPO's, etc.).

Diskoseismology: Probing accretion disks. II - G-modes, gravitational radiation reaction, and viscosity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nowak, Michael A.; Wagoner, Robert V.

1992-01-01

A scalar potential is used to derive a single partial differential equation governing the oscillation of a disk. The eigenfunctions and eigenfrequencies of a variety of disk models are found to fall into two main classes which are analogous to the p-modes and g-modes in the sun. Specifically, the eigenfunctions and eigenfrequencies of isothermal disks are computed, and the way in which these results can be generalized to other disk models is indicated. The (assumed) relatively small rates of growth or damping of the modes due to various mechanisms, in particular gravitational radiation reaction and parameterized models of viscosity are also computed. It is found that for certain parameters the p-modes are unstable to gravitational radiation reaction (CFS instability), while both the p-modes and g-modes are unstable to viscosity unless highly anisotropic viscosity models are considered.

Dynamics of binary-disk interaction. 1: Resonances and disk gap sizes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Artymowicz, Pawel; Lubow, Stephen H.

1994-01-01

We investigate the gravitational interaction of a generally eccentric binary star system with circumbinary and circumstellar gaseous disks. The disks are assumed to be coplanar with the binary, geometrically thin, and primarily governed by gas pressure and (turbulent) viscosity but not self-gravity. Both ordinary and eccentric Lindblad resonances are primarily responsible for truncating the disks in binaries with arbitrary eccentricity and nonextreme mass ratio. Starting from a smooth disk configuration, after the gravitational field of the binary truncates the disk on the dynamical timescale, a quasi-equilibrium is achieved, in which the resonant and viscous torques balance each other and any changes in the structure of the disk (e.g., due to global viscous evolution) occur slowly, preserving the average size of the gap. We analytically compute the approximate sizes of disks (or disk gaps) as a function of binary mass ratio and eccentricity in this quasi-equilibrium. Comparing the gap sizes with results of direct simulations using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), we obtain a good agreement. As a by-product of the computations, we verify that standard SPH codes can adequately represent the dynamics of disks with moderate viscosity, Reynolds number R approximately 10(exp 3). For typical viscous disk parameters, and with a denoting the binary semimajor axis, the inner edge location of a circumbinary disk varies from 1.8a to 2.6a with binary eccentricity increasing from 0 to 0.25. For eccentricities 0 less than e less than 0.75, the minimum separation between a component star and the circumbinary disk inner edge is greater than a. Our calculations are relevant, among others, to protobinary stars and the recently discovered T Tau pre-main-sequence binaries. We briefly examine the case of a pre-main-sequence spectroscopic binary GW Ori and conclude that circumbinary disk truncation to the size required by one proposed spectroscopic model cannot be due to Linblad resonances, even if the disk is nonviscous.

The Mercury System: Embedding Computation into Disk Drives

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-08-20

enabling technologies to build extremely fast data search engines . We do this by moving the search closer to the data, and performing it in hardware...engine searches in parallel across a disk or disk surface 2. System Parallelism: Searching is off-loaded to search engines and main processor can

A Method of Strengthening Composite/Metal Joints

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Polis, Daniel L.

2011-01-01

The term tape setback method denotes a method of designing and fabricating bonded joints between (1) box beams or other structural members made of laminated composite (matrix/ fiber) materials and (2) metal end fittings used to fasten these structural members to other structural members. The basic idea of the tape setback method is to mask the bonded interface between the metallic end fitting and composite member such that the bond does not extend out to the free edges of the composite member. The purpose served by the tape setback method is to strengthen the joints by decoupling stress concentrations from edge defects, which can cause premature failures. A related prior method that serves a similar purpose, involving the use of tapered adherends at the joints, can be too difficult and costly to be acceptable in some applications. The tape setback method offers an easier, less costly alternative. The structural members to which the method was originally applied were box beams in the form of composite tubes having flat faces with rounded corners. The end fittings were plugs made of a low-thermal- expansion nickel/iron alloy (see figure). In computational-simulation studies of tensile and compressive loading of members without tape setback, stresses were found to be concentrated at the free end edges of the composite tubes, and inspection of members that had been subjected to real tension and compression tests showed that cracks started at the free end edges. As applied to these members, the tape setback method makes them less vulnerable to initiation of failure at edge defects produced during fabrication. In real tension tests of comparable members without and with tape setback, the average mean tensile strength of the members with tape setback was found to be 1.9 times that of the members without tape setback.

Langley applications experiments data management system study. [for space shuttles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lanham, C. C., Jr.

1975-01-01

A data management system study is presented that defines, in functional terms, the most cost effective ground data management system to support Advanced Technology Laboratory (ATL) flights of the space shuttle. Results from each subtask performed and the recommended system configuration for reformatting the experiment instrumentation tapes to computer compatible tape are examined. Included are cost factors for development of a mini control center for real-time support of the ATL flights.

Disposal of waste computer hard disk drive: data destruction and resources recycling.

PubMed

Yan, Guoqing; Xue, Mianqiang; Xu, Zhenming

2013-06-01

An increasing quantity of discarded computers is accompanied by a sharp increase in the number of hard disk drives to be eliminated. A waste hard disk drive is a special form of waste electrical and electronic equipment because it holds large amounts of information that is closely connected with its user. Therefore, the treatment of waste hard disk drives is an urgent issue in terms of data security, environmental protection and sustainable development. In the present study the degaussing method was adopted to destroy the residual data on the waste hard disk drives and the housing of the disks was used as an example to explore the coating removal process, which is the most important pretreatment for aluminium alloy recycling. The key operation points of the degaussing determined were: (1) keep the platter plate parallel with the magnetic field direction; and (2) the enlargement of magnetic field intensity B and action time t can lead to a significant upgrade in the degaussing effect. The coating removal experiment indicated that heating the waste hard disk drives housing at a temperature of 400 °C for 24 min was the optimum condition. A novel integrated technique for the treatment of waste hard disk drives is proposed herein. This technique offers the possibility of destroying residual data, recycling the recovered resources and disposing of the disks in an environmentally friendly manner.

The Weekly Fab Five: Things You Should Do Every Week To Keep Your Computer Running in Tip-Top Shape.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crispen, Patrick

2001-01-01

Describes five steps that school librarians should follow every week to keep their computers running at top efficiency. Explains how to update virus definitions; run Windows update; run ScanDisk to repair errors on the hard drive; run a disk defragmenter; and backup all data. (LRW)

A Term Project for a Course on Computer Forensics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harrison, Warren

2006-01-01

The typical approach to creating an examination disk for exercises and projects in a course on computer forensics is for the instructor to populate a piece of media with evidence to be retrieved. While such an approach supports the simple use of forensic tools, in many cases the use of an instructor-developed examination disk avoids utilizing some…

Wide-area-distributed storage system for a multimedia database

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ueno, Masahiro; Kinoshita, Shigechika; Kuriki, Makato; Murata, Setsuko; Iwatsu, Shigetaro

1998-12-01

We have developed a wide-area-distribution storage system for multimedia databases, which minimizes the possibility of simultaneous failure of multiple disks in the event of a major disaster. It features a RAID system, whose member disks are spatially distributed over a wide area. Each node has a device, which includes the controller of the RAID and the controller of the member disks controlled by other nodes. The devices in the node are connected to a computer, using fiber optic cables and communicate using fiber-channel technology. Any computer at a node can utilize multiple devices connected by optical fibers as a single 'virtual disk.' The advantage of this system structure is that devices and fiber optic cables are shared by the computers. In this report, we first described our proposed system, and a prototype was used for testing. We then discussed its performance; i.e., how to read and write throughputs are affected by data-access delay, the RAID level, and queuing.

Nano-metrology and terrain modelling - convergent practice in surface characterisation

USGS Publications Warehouse

Pike, R.J.

2000-01-01

The quantification of magnetic-tape and disk topography has a macro-scale counterpart in the Earth sciences - terrain modelling, the numerical representation of relief and pattern of the ground surface. The two practices arose independently and continue to function separately. This methodological paper introduces terrain modelling, discusses its similarities to and differences from industrial surface metrology, and raises the possibility of a unified discipline of quantitative surface characterisation. A brief discussion of an Earth-science problem, subdividing a heterogeneous terrain surface from a set of sample measurements, exemplifies a multivariate statistical procedure that may transfer to tribological applications of 3-D metrological height data.

The radiation crosslinking process and new products

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ueno, Keiji

In 1988 there were over 90 EB accelerators for industrial use in Japan. The number one industrial application was Wire and Cable, the 2nd was PE foam and Curing, and the 3rd was Precure of tyre. R & D has a very high ration of EB accelerator use. Low energy industrial applications were coated steel (white board), plaster slab, coated paper, magnetic tape and floppy disks. As a new application of the radiation crosslinking process, we have studied radiation crosslinking of engineering plastics and succeeded in improving the hea tresistivity without using glass fibers. Many kinds of polyfunctional monomers used as crosslinking reagents of irradiated Nylon and PBT were studied.

Data storage systems technology for the Space Station era

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dalton, John; Mccaleb, Fred; Sos, John; Chesney, James; Howell, David

1987-01-01

The paper presents the results of an internal NASA study to determine if economically feasible data storage solutions are likely to be available to support the ground data transport segment of the Space Station mission. An internal NASA effort to prototype a portion of the required ground data processing system is outlined. It is concluded that the requirements for all ground data storage functions can be met with commercial disk and tape drives assuming conservative technology improvements and that, to meet Space Station data rates with commercial technology, the data will have to be distributed over multiple devices operating in parallel and in a sustained maximum throughput mode.

Theoretical, Experimental, and Computational Evaluation of Disk-Loaded Circular Wave Guides

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wallett, Thomas M.; Qureshi, A. Haq

1994-01-01

A disk-loaded circular wave guide structure and test fixture were fabricated. The dispersion characteristics were found by theoretical analysis, experimental testing, and computer simulation using the codes ARGUS and SOS. Interaction impedances were computed based on the corresponding dispersion characteristics. Finally, an equivalent circuit model for one period of the structure was chosen using equivalent circuit models for cylindrical wave guides of different radii. Optimum values for the discrete capacitors and inductors describing discontinuities between cylindrical wave guides were found using the computer code TOUCHSTONE.

36 CFR § 1254.12 - Will NARA log or inspect my computer, other equipment, and notes?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... computer, other equipment, and notes? § 1254.12 Section § 1254.12 Parks, Forests, and Public Property... HISTORICAL MATERIALS General Information § 1254.12 Will NARA log or inspect my computer, other equipment, and notes? (a) If you bring personal computers, scanners, tape recorders, cameras, and other equipment into...

Energy response of CaSO4:Dy teflon TLD disk dosimeters to photons and electrons.

PubMed

Sharada, K S

1983-01-01

The photon energy response of CaSO4:Dy teflon disk dosimeters used widely in radiation dosimetry is computed using the energy absorption coefficient values for calcium, sulfur, oxygen, and carbon taken from J. H. Hubbell's tables. For fluorine, the energy absorption coefficients were obtained from the values given by F. H. Attix for CaF2 and Ca. The energy response of the radiation-monitoring disk for the range of 10 keV to 10 MeV, relative to air, is computed and plotted. The response is maximum between 20 and 30 keV and then gradually falls to a constant at 200 keV to 10 MeV. This computed response for different energies is compared with the experimental TL response of the dosimeter. The electron energy response of these TLD disks is computed using the stopping-power values for the different component elements. The electron stopping power for sulfur and calcium from 10 keV to 10 MeV is computed using the Bethe-Bloch formula. Those for oxygen and carbon are taken from the tables given by M. J. Berger and S. M. Seltzer. For fluorine, the values are computed from those for Li and LiF given in the same tables. This calculated response is compared with the experimental beta response of the TL dosimeter.

21 CFR 807.22 - How and where to register establishments and list devices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... use of the device. In lieu of form FDA-2892, tapes for computer input or hard copy computer output may by submitted if equivalent in all elements of information as specified in form FDA-2892. All formats...

X-ray-binary spectra in the lamp post model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vincent, F. H.; Różańska, A.; Zdziarski, A. A.; Madej, J.

2016-05-01

Context. The high-energy radiation from black-hole binaries may be due to the reprocessing of a lamp located on the black hole rotation axis and emitting X-rays. The observed spectrum is made of three major components: the direct spectrum traveling from the lamp directly to the observer; the thermal bump at the equilibrium temperature of the accretion disk heated by the lamp; and the reflected spectrum essentially made of the Compton hump and the iron-line complex. Aims: We aim to accurately compute the complete reprocessed spectrum (thermal bump + reflected) of black-hole binaries over the entire X-ray band. We also determine the strength of the direct component. Our choice of parameters is adapted to a source showing an important thermal component. We are particularly interested in investigating the possibility to use the iron-line complex as a probe to constrain the black hole spin. Methods: We computed in full general relativity the illumination of a thin accretion disk by a fixed X-ray lamp along the rotation axis. We used the ATM21 radiative transfer code to compute the local, energy-dependent spectrum emitted along the disk as a function of radius, emission angle and black hole spin. We then ray traced this local spectrum to determine the final reprocessed spectrum as received by a distant observer. We consider two extreme values of the black hole spin (a = 0 and a = 0.98) and discuss the dependence of the local and ray-traced spectra on the emission angle and black hole spin. Results: We show the importance of the angle dependence of the total disk specific intensity spectrum emitted by the illuminated atmosphere when the thermal disk emission is fully taken into account. The disk flux, together with the X-ray flux from the lamp, determines the temperature and ionization structure of the atmosphere. High black hole spin implies high temperature in the inner disk regions, therefore, the emitted thermal disk spectrum fully covers the iron-line complex. As a result, instead of fluorescent iron emission line, we locally observe absorption lines produced in the hot disk atmosphere. Absorption lines are narrow and disappear after ray tracing the local spectrum. Conclusions: Our results mainly highlight the importance of considering the angle dependence of the local spectrum when computing reprocessed spectra, as was already found in a recent study. The main new result of our work is to show the importance of computing the thermal bump of the spectrum, as this feature can change considerably the observed iron-line complex. Thus, in particular for fitting black hole spins, the full spectrum, rather than only the reflected part, should be computed self-consistently.

UBVR observation of V1357 Cyg = Cyg X-1. Search of the optical radiation of the accretion disk

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shevchenko, V. S.

1979-01-01

Data from 30 nights of V 1357 Cyg observations in July, August, and September of 1977 are presented. The contribution of the disk to the optic brightness of the system is computed with regard for the heating of its surface by ultraviolet radiation from V 1357 Cyg and X-ray radiation from Cyg X-1. The disk radiation explains the irregular variability in the system brightness. The possibility of the eclipse of the star by the disk and the disk by the star is discussed.

Electro-Optical Rectifier (EOR) Update Study

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-05-01

Errors and physical imperfections in paper tape, which is generated by a sepa- rate computer system to drive the EOR, have also limited the...of wrong parameters or other such unpredict- able events Since no physical storage medium such as paper tape or magnetic taiU is used to convey...printing. This is useful to determine whether or not EOR physical limits are exceeded without ruining a piece of film. The trial run can be made at a

Online mass storage system detailed requirements document

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

The requirements for an online high density magnetic tape data storage system that can be implemented in a multipurpose, multihost environment is set forth. The objective of the mass storage system is to provide a facility for the compact storage of large quantities of data and to make this data accessible to computer systems with minimum operator handling. The results of a market survey and analysis of candidate vendor who presently market high density tape data storage systems are included.

Disk hologram made from a computer-generated hologram.

PubMed

Yamaguchi, Takeshi; Fujii, Tomohiko; Yoshikawa, Hiroshi

2009-12-01

We have been investigating disk holograms made from a computer-generated hologram (CGH). Since a general flat format hologram has a limited viewable area, we usually cannot see the other side of the reconstructed object. Therefore, we propose a computer-generated cylindrical hologram (CGCH) to obtain a hologram with a 360 deg viewable area. The CGCH has a special shape that is difficult to construct and calculation of such a hologram takes too much time. In contrast, a disk-type hologram is well known as a 360 deg viewable hologram. Since a regular disk hologram is a flat reflective type, the reconstruction setup is easy. However, there are just a few reports about creating a disk hologram by use of a CGH. Because the output device lacks spatial resolution, the hologram cannot provide a large diffraction angle. In addition, the viewing zone depends on the hologram size; the maximum size of the fringe pattern is decided on the basis of the special frequency of the output device. The calculation amount of the proposed hologram is approximately a quarter of that of a CGCH. In a previous study, a disk hologram made from a CGH was achieved. However, since the relation between the vertical viewing zone and reconstructed image size is a trade-off, the size of the reconstructed image and view zone is not enough for practical use. To improve both parameters, we modified a fringe printer to issue a high-resolution fringe pattern for a disk hologram. In addition, we propose a new calculation method for fast calculation.

One-step Tape Casting of Composites via Slurry on Fiber

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

deGroh, Henry C., III

2001-01-01

A process by which metal matrix composites can be made was presented. The process involves putting a powder slurry on fibers to make a precursor green tape. These green tapes are cut, stacked and hot pressed to form the fully dense composite. A computer program was presented which enables complete quantification and control of the process. Once some easily obtained properties of the slurry and its behavior are determined (such as the shrinkage from the wet to green state, and the density of the green tape) modification of the fiber spacing and blade height give the maker precise control of fiber volume fraction, and fiber architecture in the composite. The process was shown to be accurate and flexible through the production of a wide variety of volume fraction fiber composites made from a wide variety of fibers and powders. The most time consuming step of the tape casting process (other than hot pressing) was winding the fiber on the drum. The tape casting techniques developed resulted in high quality metal matrix composites, with ultimate tensile strength in the range of 215 ksi (1477 MPa), a strain at failure of 1.15 percent, and in fatigue at room temperature 0 to 120 ksi, n = 0.3 Hz, a 4-ply Ti-24Al-11Nb/SCS-6, 32 vol% fiber tape cast composite lasted 202,205 cycles with a maximum strain on the 100th cycle of 0.43 percent.

Data reduction software for LORAN-C flight test evaluation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fischer, J. P.

1979-01-01

A set of programs designed to be run on an IBM 370/158 computer to read the recorded time differences from the tape produced by the LORAN data collection system, convert them to latitude/longitude and produce various plotting input files are described. The programs were written so they may be tailored easily to meet the demands of a particular data reduction job. The tape reader program is written in 370 assembler language and the remaining programs are written in standard IBM FORTRAN-IV language. The tape reader program is dependent upon the recording format used by the data collection system and on the I/O macros used at the computing facility. The other programs are generally device-independent, although the plotting routines are dependent upon the plotting method used. The data reduction programs convert the recorded data to a more readily usable form; convert the time difference (TD) numbers to latitude/longitude (lat/long), to format a printed listing of the TDs, lat/long, reference times, and other information derived from the data, and produce data files which may be used for subsequent plotting.

PC-SEAPAK - ANALYSIS OF COASTAL ZONE COLOR SCANNER AND ADVANCED VERY HIGH RESOLUTION RADIOMETER DATA

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcclain, C. R.

1994-01-01

PC-SEAPAK is a user-interactive satellite data analysis software package specifically developed for oceanographic research. The program is used to process and interpret data obtained from the Nimbus-7/Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS), and the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR). PC-SEAPAK is a set of independent microcomputer-based image analysis programs that provide the user with a flexible, user-friendly, standardized interface, and facilitates relatively low-cost analysis of oceanographic satellite data. Version 4.0 includes 114 programs. PC-SEAPAK programs are organized into categories which include CZCS and AVHRR level-1 ingest, level-2 analyses, statistical analyses, data extraction, remapping to standard projections, graphics manipulation, image board memory manipulation, hardcopy output support and general utilities. Most programs allow user interaction through menu and command modes and also by the use of a mouse. Most programs also provide for ASCII file generation for further analysis in spreadsheets, graphics packages, etc. The CZCS scanning radiometer aboard the NIMBUS-7 satellite was designed to measure the concentration of photosynthetic pigments and their degradation products in the ocean. AVHRR data is used to compute sea surface temperatures and is supported for the NOAA 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 satellites. The CZCS operated from November 1978 to June 1986. CZCS data may be obtained free of charge from the CZCS archive at NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. AVHRR data may be purchased through NOAA's Satellite Data Service Division. Ordering information is included in the PC-SEAPAK documentation. Although PC-SEAPAK was developed on a COMPAQ Deskpro 386/20, it can be run on most 386-compatible computers with an AT bus, EGA controller, Intel 80387 coprocessor, and MS-DOS 3.3 or higher. A Matrox MVP-AT image board with appropriate monitor and cables is also required. Note that the authors have received some reports of incompatibilities between the MVP-AT image board and ZENITH computers. Also, the MVP-AT image board is not necessarily compatible with 486-based systems; users of 486-based systems should consult with Matrox about compatibility concerns. Other PC-SEAPAK requirements include a Microsoft mouse (serial version), 2Mb RAM, and 100Mb hard disk space. For data ingest and backup, 9-track tape, 8mm tape and optical disks are supported and recommended. PC-SEAPAK has been under development since 1988. Version 4.0 was updated in 1992, and is distributed without source code. It is available only as a set of 36 1.2Mb 5.25 inch IBM MS-DOS format diskettes. PC-SEAPAK is a copyrighted product with all copyright vested in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Phar Lap's DOS_Extender run-time version is integrated into several of the programs; therefore, the PC-SEAPAK programs may not be duplicated. Three of the distribution diskettes contain DOS_Extender files. One of the distribution diskettes contains Media Cybernetics' HALO88 font files, also licensed by NASA for dissemination but not duplication. IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines. MS-DOS is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. HALO88 is a registered trademark of Media Cybernetics, but the product was discontinued in 1991.

Media in teaching college level nutrition. Is it effective and efficient?

PubMed

Short, S H

1975-06-01

Several techniques have been used, studied, and tested to teach nutrition at Syracuse University. One self-paced course in nutrition and food science tutors students completely through audio tapes integrated with films, slides, video tapes, discussion groups, laboratory manual, and computer-assisted instruction. Evaluation is by computerized tests given after each module at the student's discretion. Compressed-speech tapes are used to increase learning efficiency. Dietetic, nutrition, nursing, and pre-medical students are taught nutrition via these methods for selected modules, but they mainly learn by lectures supplemented by pertinent films, slides, transparencies, television commercials, telectures, videotapes, and simulations. Multi-media "happenings" are presented which gain students' attention and change attitudes while imparting nutritional information which is well retained.

NASTRAN postprocessor program for transient response to input accelerations. [procedure for generating and writing modal input data on tapes using NASTRAN

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wingate, R. T.; Jones, T. C.; Stephens, M. V.

1973-01-01

The description of a transient analysis program for computing structural responses to input base accelerations is presented. A hybrid modal formulation is used and a procedure is demonstrated for generating and writing all modal input data on user tapes via NASTRAN. Use of several new Level 15 modules is illustrated along with a problem associated with reading the postprocessor program input from a user tape. An example application of the program is presented for the analysis of a spacecraft subjected to accelerations initiated by thrust transients. Experience with the program has indicated it to be very efficient and economical because of its simplicity and small central memory storage requirements.

Reducing disk storage of full-3D seismic waveform tomography (F3DT) through lossy online compression

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lindstrom, Peter; Chen, Po; Lee, En-Jui

2016-08-01

Full-3D seismic waveform tomography (F3DT) is the latest seismic tomography technique that can assimilate broadband, multi-component seismic waveform observations into high-resolution 3D subsurface seismic structure models. The main drawback in the current F3DT implementation, in particular the scattering-integral implementation (F3DT-SI), is the high disk storage cost and the associated I/O overhead of archiving the 4D space-time wavefields of the receiver- or source-side strain tensors. The strain tensor fields are needed for computing the data sensitivity kernels, which are used for constructing the Jacobian matrix in the Gauss-Newton optimization algorithm. In this study, we have successfully integrated a lossy compression algorithm into our F3DT-SI workflow to significantly reduce the disk space for storing the strain tensor fields. The compressor supports a user-specified tolerance for bounding the error, and can be integrated into our finite-difference wave-propagation simulation code used for computing the strain fields. The decompressor can be integrated into the kernel calculation code that reads the strain fields from the disk and compute the data sensitivity kernels. During the wave-propagation simulations, we compress the strain fields before writing them to the disk. To compute the data sensitivity kernels, we read the compressed strain fields from the disk and decompress them before using them in kernel calculations. Experiments using a realistic dataset in our California statewide F3DT project have shown that we can reduce the strain-field disk storage by at least an order of magnitude with acceptable loss, and also improve the overall I/O performance of the entire F3DT-SI workflow significantly. The integration of the lossy online compressor may potentially open up the possibilities of the wide adoption of F3DT-SI in routine seismic tomography practices in the near future.

Reducing Disk Storage of Full-3D Seismic Waveform Tomography (F3DT) Through Lossy Online Compression

DOE PAGES

Lindstrom, Peter; Chen, Po; Lee, En-Jui

2016-05-05

Full-3D seismic waveform tomography (F3DT) is the latest seismic tomography technique that can assimilate broadband, multi-component seismic waveform observations into high-resolution 3D subsurface seismic structure models. The main drawback in the current F3DT implementation, in particular the scattering-integral implementation (F3DT-SI), is the high disk storage cost and the associated I/O overhead of archiving the 4D space-time wavefields of the receiver- or source-side strain tensors. The strain tensor fields are needed for computing the data sensitivity kernels, which are used for constructing the Jacobian matrix in the Gauss-Newton optimization algorithm. In this study, we have successfully integrated a lossy compression algorithmmore » into our F3DT SI workflow to significantly reduce the disk space for storing the strain tensor fields. The compressor supports a user-specified tolerance for bounding the error, and can be integrated into our finite-difference wave-propagation simulation code used for computing the strain fields. The decompressor can be integrated into the kernel calculation code that reads the strain fields from the disk and compute the data sensitivity kernels. During the wave-propagation simulations, we compress the strain fields before writing them to the disk. To compute the data sensitivity kernels, we read the compressed strain fields from the disk and decompress them before using them in kernel calculations. Experiments using a realistic dataset in our California statewide F3DT project have shown that we can reduce the strain-field disk storage by at least an order of magnitude with acceptable loss, and also improve the overall I/O performance of the entire F3DT-SI workflow significantly. The integration of the lossy online compressor may potentially open up the possibilities of the wide adoption of F3DT-SI in routine seismic tomography practices in the near future.« less

Data Processing Aspects of MEDLARS

PubMed Central

Austin, Charles J.

1964-01-01

The speed and volume requirements of MEDLARS necessitate the use of high-speed data processing equipment, including paper-tape typewriters, a digital computer, and a special device for producing photo-composed output. Input to the system is of three types: variable source data, including citations from the literature and search requests; changes to such master files as the medical subject headings list and the journal record file; and operating instructions such as computer programs and procedures for machine operators. MEDLARS builds two major stores of data on magnetic tape. The Processed Citation File includes bibliographic citations in expanded form for high-quality printing at periodic intervals. The Compressed Citation File is a coded, time-sequential citation store which is used for high-speed searching against demand request input. Major design considerations include converting variable-length, alphanumeric data to mechanical form quickly and accurately; serial searching by the computer within a reasonable period of time; high-speed printing that must be of graphic quality; and efficient maintenance of various complex computer files. PMID:14119287

DATA PROCESSING ASPECTS OF MEDLARS.

PubMed

AUSTIN, C J

1964-01-01

The speed and volume requirements of MEDLARS necessitate the use of high-speed data processing equipment, including paper-tape typewriters, a digital computer, and a special device for producing photo-composed output. Input to the system is of three types: variable source data, including citations from the literature and search requests; changes to such master files as the medical subject headings list and the journal record file; and operating instructions such as computer programs and procedures for machine operators. MEDLARS builds two major stores of data on magnetic tape. The Processed Citation File includes bibliographic citations in expanded form for high-quality printing at periodic intervals. The Compressed Citation File is a coded, time-sequential citation store which is used for high-speed searching against demand request input. Major design considerations include converting variable-length, alphanumeric data to mechanical form quickly and accurately; serial searching by the computer within a reasonable period of time; high-speed printing that must be of graphic quality; and efficient maintenance of various complex computer files.

MICROPROCESSOR-BASED DATA-ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR A BOREHOLE RADAR.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bradley, Jerry A.; Wright, David L.

1987-01-01

An efficient microprocessor-based system is described that permits real-time acquisition, stacking, and digital recording of data generated by a borehole radar system. Although the system digitizes, stacks, and records independently of a computer, it is interfaced to a desktop computer for program control over system parameters such as sampling interval, number of samples, number of times the data are stacked prior to recording on nine-track tape, and for graphics display of the digitized data. The data can be transferred to the desktop computer during recording, or it can be played back from a tape at a latter time. Using the desktop computer, the operator observes results while recording data and generates hard-copy graphics in the field. Thus, the radar operator can immediately evaluate the quality of data being obtained, modify system parameters, study the radar logs before leaving the field, and rerun borehole logs if necessary. The system has proven to be reliable in the field and has increased productivity both in the field and in the laboratory.

Free Vibration Analysis of a Spinning Flexible DISK-SPINDLE System Supported by Ball Bearing and Flexible Shaft Using the Finite Element Method and Substructure Synthesis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

JANG, G. H.; LEE, S. H.; JUNG, M. S.

2002-03-01

Free vibration of a spinning flexible disk-spindle system supported by ball bearing and flexible shaft is analyzed by using Hamilton's principle, FEM and substructure synthesis. The spinning disk is described by using the Kirchhoff plate theory and von Karman non-linear strain. The rotating spindle and stationary shaft are modelled by Rayleigh beam and Euler beam respectively. Using Hamilton's principle and including the rigid body translation and tilting motion, partial differential equations of motion of the spinning flexible disk and spindle are derived consistently to satisfy the geometric compatibility in the internal boundary between substructures. FEM is used to discretize the derived governing equations, and substructure synthesis is introduced to assemble each component of the disk-spindle-bearing-shaft system. The developed method is applied to the spindle system of a computer hard disk drive with three disks, and modal testing is performed to verify the simulation results. The simulation result agrees very well with the experimental one. This research investigates critical design parameters in an HDD spindle system, i.e., the non-linearity of a spinning disk and the flexibility and boundary condition of a stationary shaft, to predict the free vibration characteristics accurately. The proposed method may be effectively applied to predict the vibration characteristics of a spinning flexible disk-spindle system supported by ball bearing and flexible shaft in the various forms of computer storage device, i.e., FDD, CD, HDD and DVD.

Computer-Assisted Management of Instruction in Veterinary Public Health

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holt, Elsbeth; And Others

1975-01-01

Reviews a course in Food Hygiene and Public Health at the University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine in which students are sequenced through a series of computer-based lessons or autotutorial slide-tape lessons, the computer also being used to route, test, and keep records. Since grades indicated mastery of the subject, the course will…

The New Film Technologies: Computerized Video-Assisted Film Production.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mott, Donald R.

Over the past few years, video technology has been used to assist film directors after they have shot a scene, to control costs, and to create special effects, especially computer assisted graphics. At present, a computer based editing system called "Film 5" combines computer technology and video tape with film to save as much as 50% of…

Computer program and user documentation medical data tape retrieval system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Anderson, J.

1971-01-01

This volume provides several levels of documentation for the program module of the NASA medical directorate mini-computer storage and retrieval system. A biomedical information system overview describes some of the reasons for the development of the mini-computer storage and retrieval system. It briefly outlines all of the program modules which constitute the system.

Integration experiences and performance studies of A COTS parallel archive systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chen, Hsing-bung; Scott, Cody; Grider, Bary

2010-01-01

Current and future Archive Storage Systems have been asked to (a) scale to very high bandwidths, (b) scale in metadata performance, (c) support policy-based hierarchical storage management capability, (d) scale in supporting changing needs of very large data sets, (e) support standard interface, and (f) utilize commercial-off-the-shelf(COTS) hardware. Parallel file systems have been asked to do the same thing but at one or more orders of magnitude faster in performance. Archive systems continue to move closer to file systems in their design due to the need for speed and bandwidth, especially metadata searching speeds such as more caching and lessmore » robust semantics. Currently the number of extreme highly scalable parallel archive solutions is very small especially those that will move a single large striped parallel disk file onto many tapes in parallel. We believe that a hybrid storage approach of using COTS components and innovative software technology can bring new capabilities into a production environment for the HPC community much faster than the approach of creating and maintaining a complete end-to-end unique parallel archive software solution. In this paper, we relay our experience of integrating a global parallel file system and a standard backup/archive product with a very small amount of additional code to provide a scalable, parallel archive. Our solution has a high degree of overlap with current parallel archive products including (a) doing parallel movement to/from tape for a single large parallel file, (b) hierarchical storage management, (c) ILM features, (d) high volume (non-single parallel file) archives for backup/archive/content management, and (e) leveraging all free file movement tools in Linux such as copy, move, ls, tar, etc. We have successfully applied our working COTS Parallel Archive System to the current world's first petaflop/s computing system, LANL's Roadrunner, and demonstrated its capability to address requirements of future archival storage systems.« less

Integration experiments and performance studies of a COTS parallel archive system

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chen, Hsing-bung; Scott, Cody; Grider, Gary

2010-06-16

Current and future Archive Storage Systems have been asked to (a) scale to very high bandwidths, (b) scale in metadata performance, (c) support policy-based hierarchical storage management capability, (d) scale in supporting changing needs of very large data sets, (e) support standard interface, and (f) utilize commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware. Parallel file systems have been asked to do the same thing but at one or more orders of magnitude faster in performance. Archive systems continue to move closer to file systems in their design due to the need for speed and bandwidth, especially metadata searching speeds such as more caching andmore » less robust semantics. Currently the number of extreme highly scalable parallel archive solutions is very small especially those that will move a single large striped parallel disk file onto many tapes in parallel. We believe that a hybrid storage approach of using COTS components and innovative software technology can bring new capabilities into a production environment for the HPC community much faster than the approach of creating and maintaining a complete end-to-end unique parallel archive software solution. In this paper, we relay our experience of integrating a global parallel file system and a standard backup/archive product with a very small amount of additional code to provide a scalable, parallel archive. Our solution has a high degree of overlap with current parallel archive products including (a) doing parallel movement to/from tape for a single large parallel file, (b) hierarchical storage management, (c) ILM features, (d) high volume (non-single parallel file) archives for backup/archive/content management, and (e) leveraging all free file movement tools in Linux such as copy, move, Is, tar, etc. We have successfully applied our working COTS Parallel Archive System to the current world's first petafiop/s computing system, LANL's Roadrunner machine, and demonstrated its capability to address requirements of future archival storage systems.« less

Evaluation of Computational Fluid Dynamics and Coupled Fluid-Solid Modeling for a Direct Transfer Preswirl System.

PubMed

Javiya, Umesh; Chew, John; Hills, Nick; Dullenkopf, Klaus; Scanlon, Timothy

2013-05-01

The prediction of the preswirl cooling air delivery and disk metal temperature are important for the cooling system performance and the rotor disk thermal stresses and life assessment. In this paper, standalone 3D steady and unsteady computation fluid dynamics (CFD), and coupled FE-CFD calculations are presented for prediction of these temperatures. CFD results are compared with previous measurements from a direct transfer preswirl test rig. The predicted cooling air temperatures agree well with the measurement, but the nozzle discharge coefficients are under predicted. Results from the coupled FE-CFD analyses are compared directly with thermocouple temperature measurements and with heat transfer coefficients on the rotor disk previously obtained from a rotor disk heat conduction solution. Considering the modeling limitations, the coupled approach predicted the solid metal temperatures well. Heat transfer coefficients on the rotor disk from CFD show some effect of the temperature variations on the heat transfer coefficients. Reasonable agreement is obtained with values deduced from the previous heat conduction solution.

An Evolutionary Algorithm for Feature Subset Selection in Hard Disk Drive Failure Prediction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bhasin, Harpreet

2011-01-01

Hard disk drives are used in everyday life to store critical data. Although they are reliable, failure of a hard disk drive can be catastrophic, especially in applications like medicine, banking, air traffic control systems, missile guidance systems, computer numerical controlled machines, and more. The use of Self-Monitoring, Analysis and…

A novel processing platform for post tape out flows

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vu, Hien T.; Kim, Soohong; Word, James; Cai, Lynn Y.

2018-03-01

As the computational requirements for post tape out (PTO) flows increase at the 7nm and below technology nodes, there is a need to increase the scalability of the computational tools in order to reduce the turn-around time (TAT) of the flows. Utilization of design hierarchy has been one proven method to provide sufficient partitioning to enable PTO processing. However, as the data is processed through the PTO flow, its effective hierarchy is reduced. The reduction is necessary to achieve the desired accuracy. Also, the sequential nature of the PTO flow is inherently non-scalable. To address these limitations, we are proposing a quasi-hierarchical solution that combines multiple levels of parallelism to increase the scalability of the entire PTO flow. In this paper, we describe the system and present experimental results demonstrating the runtime reduction through scalable processing with thousands of computational cores.

Dynamo magnetic field modes in thin astrophysical disks - An adiabatic computational approximation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stepinski, T. F.; Levy, E. H.

1991-01-01

An adiabatic approximation is applied to the calculation of turbulent MHD dynamo magnetic fields in thin disks. The adiabatic method is employed to investigate conditions under which magnetic fields generated by disk dynamos permeate the entire disk or are localized to restricted regions of a disk. Two specific cases of Keplerian disks are considered. In the first, magnetic field diffusion is assumed to be dominated by turbulent mixing leading to a dynamo number independent of distance from the center of the disk. In the second, the dynamo number is allowed to vary with distance from the disk's center. Localization of dynamo magnetic field structures is found to be a general feature of disk dynamos, except in the special case of stationary modes in dynamos with constant dynamo number. The implications for the dynamical behavior of dynamo magnetized accretion disks are discussed and the results of these exploratory calculations are examined in the context of the protosolar nebula and accretion disks around compact objects.

The Effect of Molybdenum Substrate Oxidation on Molybdenum Splat Formation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Jun; Li, Chang-Jiu

2018-01-01

Disk splats are usually observed when the deposition temperature exceeds the transition temperature, whereas thick oxide layer will reduce the adhesion resulting from high deposition temperature. In present study, single molybdenum splats were deposited onto polished molybdenum substrates with different preheating processes to clarify the effect of surface oxidation on the splat formation. Three substrate samples experienced three different preheating processes in an argon atmosphere. Two samples were preheated to 350 and 550 °C, and another sample was cooled to 350 °C after it was preheated to 550 °C. The chemistry and compositions of substrate surface were examined by XPS. The cross sections of splats were prepared by focus ion beam (FIB) and then characterized by SEM. Nearly disk-shaped splat with small fingers in the periphery was observed on the sample preheated to 350 °C. A perfect disk-shape splat was deposited at 550 °C. With the sample on the substrate preheated to 350 °C (cooling down from 550 °C), flower-shaped splat exhibited a central core and discrete periphery detached by some voids. The results of peeling off splats by carbon tape and the morphology of FIB sampled cross sections indicated that no effective bonding formed at the splat-substrate interface for the substrate ever heated to 550 °C, due to the increasing content of MoO3 on the preheated molybdenum surface.

Iron lines in model disk spectra of Galactic black hole binaries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Różańska, A.; Madej, J.; Konorski, P.; SaḐowski, A.

2011-03-01

Context. We present angle-dependent, broad-band intensity spectra from accretion disks around black holes of 10 M⊙. In our computations disks are assumed to be slim, which means that the radial advection is taken into account while computing the effective temperature of the disk. Aims: We attempt to reconstruct continuum and line spectra of X-ray binaries in soft state, i.e. dominated by the disk component of multitemperature shape. We follow how the iron-line complex depends on the external irradiation, an accretion rate, and a black hole spin. Methods: Full radiative transfer is solved including effects of Compton scattering, free-free and all important bound-free transitions of 10 main elements. We assume the LTE equation of state. Moreover, we include here the fundamental series of iron lines from helium-like and hydrogen-like ions, and fluorescent Kα and Kβ lines from low ionized iron. We consider two cases: nonrotating black hole, and black hole rotating with almost maximum spin a = 0.98, and obtain spectra for five accretion disks from hard X-rays to the infrared. Results: In nonirradiated disks, resonance lines from He-like and H-like iron appear mostly in absorption. Such disk spectra exhibit limb darkening in the whole energy range. External irradiation causes that iron resonance lines appear in emission. Furthermore, depending on disk effective temperature, fluorescent iron Kα and Kβ lines are present in disk emitting spectra. All models with irradiation exhibit limb brightening in their X-ray reflected continua. Conclusions: We show that the disk around stellar black hole itself is hot enough to produce strong-absorption resonance lines of iron. Emission lines can only be observed if heating by external X-rays dominates thermal processess in a hot disk atmosphere. Irradiated disks are usually brighter in X-ray continuum when seen edge on, and fainter when seen face on.

DCT-TCI: Real Gas Characterization of Plasma Flow Control - An Integrated Approach

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-12-23

as Navier-Stokes equations are solved in this study. We utilize the two-species basic model to reduce the computational complexity of plasma...constant of 3.0. Copper tape was first adhered to both sides of a 3 mm thick acrylic plate. A negative photo-resist, a transparent film and a UV light...ferric chloride. The reminiscence of the adhesive glue left behind by the copper tape was removed using a solvent such as methanol or acetone. The

ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL DATA CONVERTER

DOEpatents

Rodgers, G.W.; Althouse, J.E.; Anderson, D.P.; Bussey, G.R.; Minnear, L.H.

1960-09-01

Electrical apparatus is described, particularly useful in telemetry work, for converting analog signals into electrical pulses and recording them. An electronic editor commands the taking of signal readings at a frequency which varies according to linearity of the analog signal being converted. Readings of information signals are recorded, along with time base readings and serial numbering, if desired, on magnetic tape and the latter may be used to operate a computer or the like. Magnetic tape data may be transferred to punched cards.

Inertial Manifolds for Navier-Stokes Equations and Related Dynamical Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-05-31

Graphics IRIS (SGI). The RLE files for the animation are loaded to an Abekas and recorded to tape by Betacam . This computational work was done by using the...scripts and comments, are loaded to the Abekas-A60 digital image storage device, and then recorded to the Betacam BVW-75 analog tape recorder. Static...interfacing, huge data files are output to the Data Vault parallelly with little cost. In addition to the SGIs, Abekas, Betacam and Solitaire, the

An Automated Slide Classification System at Georgia Tech

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

LoPresti, Maryellen

1973-01-01

The Georgia Tech Architecture Library slide collection is being revolutionized by adapting the Santa Cruz Slide Classification System. The slide catalog record is being transferred inexpensively to tapes and updated by the computer. Computer programs print out indexes in any of fifteen different sort fields. (Author)

A Comparison of Four Simulation and Instructional Methods for Endodontic Review.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sandoval, Victor A.; And Others

1987-01-01

The effects of four different endodontic self-instructional review formats (slide-tape, latent-image simulation, computer text simulation, and computer-assisted video interactive simulation) on senior clinical endodontic performance are compared. Student evaluations, as well as comparative developmental expenditures, are discussed. (Author/MLW)

A system for automatic analysis of blood pressure data for digital computer entry

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Miller, R. L.

1972-01-01

Operation of automatic blood pressure data system is described. Analog blood pressure signal is analyzed by three separate circuits, systolic, diastolic, and cycle defect. Digital computer output is displayed on teletype paper tape punch and video screen. Illustration of system is included.

NSSDC activities with 12-inch optical disk drives

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lowrey, Barbara E.; Lopez-Swafford, Brian

1986-01-01

The development status of optical-disk data transfer and storage technology at the National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC) is surveyed. The aim of the R&D program is to facilitate the exchange of large volumes of data. Current efforts focus on a 12-inch 1-Gbyte write-once/read-many disk and a disk drive which interfaces with VAX/VMS computer systems. The history of disk development at NSSDC is traced; the results of integration and performance tests are summarized; the operating principles of the 12-inch system are explained and illustrated with diagrams; and the need for greater standardization is indicated.

Low cost computer subsystem for the Solar Electric Propulsion Stage (SEPS)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1975-01-01

The Solar Electric Propulsion Stage (SEPS) subsystem which consists of the computer, custom input/output (I/O) unit, and tape recorder for mass storage of telemetry data was studied. Computer software and interface requirements were developed along with computer and I/O unit design parameters. Redundancy implementation was emphasized. Reliability analysis was performed for the complete command computer sybsystem. A SEPS fault tolerant memory breadboard was constructed and its operation demonstrated.

Commercial Digital/ADP Equipment in the Ocean Environment. Volume 2. User Appendices

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-12-15

is that the LINDA system uses a mini computer with a time sharing system software which allows several terminals to be operated at the same time...Acquisition System (ODAS) consists of sensors, computer hardware and computer software . Certain sensors are interfaced to the computers for real time...on USNS KANE, USNS BENT, and USKS WILKES. Commercial automatic data processing equipment used in ODAS includes: Item Model Computer PDP-9 Tape

Forced response of mistuned bladed disk assemblies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Watson, Brian C.; Kamat, Manohar P.; Murthy, Durbha V.

1993-01-01

A complete analytic model of mistuned bladed disk assemblies, designed to simulate the dynamical behavior of these systems, is analyzed. The model incorporates a generalized method for describing the mistuning of the assembly through the introduction of specific mistuning modes. The model is used to develop a computational bladed disk assembly model for a series of parametric studies. Results are presented demonstrating that the response amplitudes of bladed disk assemblies depend both on the excitation mode and on the mistune mode.

An Intrinsic Algorithm for Parallel Poisson Disk Sampling on Arbitrary Surfaces.

PubMed

Ying, Xiang; Xin, Shi-Qing; Sun, Qian; He, Ying

2013-03-08

Poisson disk sampling plays an important role in a variety of visual computing, due to its useful statistical property in distribution and the absence of aliasing artifacts. While many effective techniques have been proposed to generate Poisson disk distribution in Euclidean space, relatively few work has been reported to the surface counterpart. This paper presents an intrinsic algorithm for parallel Poisson disk sampling on arbitrary surfaces. We propose a new technique for parallelizing the dart throwing. Rather than the conventional approaches that explicitly partition the spatial domain to generate the samples in parallel, our approach assigns each sample candidate a random and unique priority that is unbiased with regard to the distribution. Hence, multiple threads can process the candidates simultaneously and resolve conflicts by checking the given priority values. It is worth noting that our algorithm is accurate as the generated Poisson disks are uniformly and randomly distributed without bias. Our method is intrinsic in that all the computations are based on the intrinsic metric and are independent of the embedding space. This intrinsic feature allows us to generate Poisson disk distributions on arbitrary surfaces. Furthermore, by manipulating the spatially varying density function, we can obtain adaptive sampling easily.

RELATIVE ORIENTATION OF PAIRS OF SPIRAL GALAXIES IN THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Buxton, Jesse; Ryden, Barbara S., E-mail: buxton.45@osu.edu, E-mail: ryden@astronomy.ohio-state.edu

2012-09-10

From our study of binary spiral galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 6, we find that the relative orientation of disks in binary spiral galaxies is consistent with their being drawn from a random distribution of orientations. For 747 isolated pairs of luminous disk galaxies, the distribution of {phi}, the angle between the major axes of the galaxy images, is consistent with a uniform distribution on the interval [0 Degree-Sign , 90 Degree-Sign ]. With the assumption that the disk galaxies are oblate spheroids, we can compute cos {beta}, where {beta} is the angle between the rotationmore » axes of the disks. In the case that one galaxy in the binary is face-on or edge-on, the tilt ambiguity is resolved, and cos {beta} can be computed unambiguously. For 94 isolated pairs with at least one face-on member, and for 171 isolated pairs with at least one edge-on member, the distribution of cos {beta} is statistically consistent with the distribution of cos i for isolated disk galaxies. This result is consistent with random orientations of the disks within pairs.« less

A MAP fixed-point, packing-unpacking routine for the IBM 7094 computer

Treesearch

Robert S. Helfman

1966-01-01

Two MAP (Macro Assembly Program) computer routines for packing and unpacking fixed point data are described. Use of these routines with Fortran IV Programs provides speedy access to quantities of data which far exceed the normal storage capacity of IBM 7000-series computers. Many problems that could not be attempted because of the slow access-speed of tape...

A Study of Computer-Aided Geometric Optical Design.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-10-01

short programs on tape. A computer account number and Cyber computer manuals were obtained. A familiarity with the use and maintenance of computer files...in the interpretation of the information. Ray fans, spot diagrams, wavefront variance, Strehl ratio, vignetting .- diagrams Pnd optical transfer...other surface begins to cut off these rays (20:113). This is characterized by a loss of intensity at the outside of the image. A known manual

Information Systems and Performance Measures in Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coleman, James S.; Karweit, Nancy L.

Large school systems bring various administrative problems in handling scheduling, records, and avoiding making red tape casualties of students. The authors review a portion of the current use of computers to handle these problems and examine the range of activities for which computer processing could provide aid. Since automation always brings…

Computer-aided discovery of debris disk candidates: A case study using the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) catalog

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nguyen, T.; Pankratius, V.; Eckman, L.; Seager, S.

2018-04-01

Debris disks around stars other than the Sun have received significant attention in studies of exoplanets, specifically exoplanetary system formation. Since debris disks are major sources of infrared emissions, infrared survey data such as the Wide-Field Infrared Survey (WISE) catalog potentially harbors numerous debris disk candidates. However, it is currently challenging to perform disk candidate searches for over 747 million sources in the WISE catalog due to the high probability of false positives caused by interstellar matter, galaxies, and other background artifacts. Crowdsourcing techniques have thus started to harness citizen scientists for debris disk identification since humans can be easily trained to distinguish between desired artifacts and irrelevant noises. With a limited number of citizen scientists, however, increasing data volumes from large surveys will inevitably lead to analysis bottlenecks. To overcome this scalability problem and push the current limits of automated debris disk candidate identification, we present a novel approach that uses citizen science results as a seed to train machine learning based classification. In this paper, we detail a case study with a computer-aided discovery pipeline demonstrating such feasibility based on WISE catalog data and NASA's Disk Detective project. Our approach of debris disk candidates classification was shown to be robust under a wide range of image quality and features. Our hybrid approach of citizen science with algorithmic scalability can facilitate big data processing for future detections as envisioned in future missions such as the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST).

The use of computerized image guidance in lumbar disk arthroplasty.

PubMed

Smith, Harvey E; Vaccaro, Alexander R; Yuan, Philip S; Papadopoulos, Stephen; Sasso, Rick

2006-02-01

Surgical navigation systems have been increasingly studied and applied in the application of spinal instrumentation. Successful disk arthroplasty requires accurate midline and rotational positioning for optimal function and longevity. A surgical simulation study in human cadaver specimens was done to evaluate and compare the accuracy of standard fluoroscopy, computer-assisted fluoroscopic image guidance, and Iso-C3D image guidance in the placement of lumbar intervertebral disk replacements. Lumbar intervertebral disk prostheses were placed using three different image guidance techniques in three human cadaver spine specimens at multiple levels. Postinstrumentation accuracy was assessed with thin-cut computed tomography scans. Intervertebral disk replacements placed using the StealthStation with Iso-C3D were more accurately centered than those placed using the StealthStation with FluoroNav and standard fluoroscopy. Intervertebral disk replacements placed with Iso-C3D and FluoroNav had improved rotational divergence compared with standard fluoroscopy. Iso-C3D and FluoroNav had a smaller interprocedure variance than standard fluoroscopy. These results did not approach statistical significance. Relative to both virtual and standard fluoroscopy, use of the StealthStation with Iso-C3D resulted in improved accuracy in centering the lumbar disk prosthesis in the coronal midline. The StealthStation with FluoroNav appears to be at least equivalent to standard fluoroscopy and may offer improved accuracy with rotational alignment while minimizing radiation exposure to the surgeon. Surgical guidance systems may offer improved accuracy and less interprocedure variation in the placement of intervertebral disk replacements than standard fluoroscopy. Further study regarding surgical navigation systems for intervertebral disk replacement is warranted.

[Development of a system for ultrasonic three-dimensional reconstruction of fetus].

PubMed

Baba, K

1989-04-01

We have developed a system for ultrasonic three-dimensional (3-D) fetus reconstruction using computers. Either a real-time linear array probe or a convex array probe of an ultrasonic scanner was mounted on a position sensor arm of a manual compound scanner in order to detect the position of the probe. A microcomputer was used to convert the position information to what could be recorded on a video tape as an image. This image was superimposed on the ultrasonic tomographic image simultaneously with a superimposer and recorded on a video tape. Fetuses in utero were scanned in seven cases. More than forty ultrasonic section image on the video tape were fed into a minicomputer. The shape of the fetus was displayed three-dimensionally by means of computer graphics. The computer-generated display produced a 3-D image of the fetus and showed the usefulness and accuracy of this system. Since it took only a few seconds for data collection by ultrasonic inspection, fetal movement did not adversely affect the results. Data input took about ten minutes for 40 slices, and 3-D reconstruction and display took about two minutes. The system made it possible to observe and record the 3-D image of the fetus in utero non-invasively and therefore is expected to make it much easier to obtain a 3-D picture of the fetus in utero.

Electron beam diagnostic for profiling high power beams

DOEpatents

Elmer, John W [Danville, CA; Palmer, Todd A [Livermore, CA; Teruya, Alan T [Livermore, CA

2008-03-25

A system for characterizing high power electron beams at power levels of 10 kW and above is described. This system is comprised of a slit disk assembly having a multitude of radial slits, a conducting disk with the same number of radial slits located below the slit disk assembly, a Faraday cup assembly located below the conducting disk, and a start-stop target located proximate the slit disk assembly. In order to keep the system from over-heating during use, a heat sink is placed in close proximity to the components discussed above, and an active cooling system, using water, for example, can be integrated into the heat sink. During use, the high power beam is initially directed onto a start-stop target and after reaching its full power is translated around the slit disk assembly, wherein the beam enters the radial slits and the conducting disk radial slits and is detected at the Faraday cup assembly. A trigger probe assembly can also be integrated into the system in order to aid in the determination of the proper orientation of the beam during reconstruction. After passing over each of the slits, the beam is then rapidly translated back to the start-stop target to minimize the amount of time that the high power beam comes in contact with the slit disk assembly. The data obtained by the system is then transferred into a computer system, where a computer tomography algorithm is used to reconstruct the power density distribution of the beam.

Physics-Based Spectra of Accretion Disks around Black Holes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Krolik, Julian H.

2005-01-01

The purpose of this grant was to begin the process of deriving the light output of accretion disks around black holes directly from the actual processes that inject heat into the accreting matter, rather than from guessed dependences of heating rate on physical parameters. At JHU, the effort has focussed so far on models of accretion onto "intermediate mass black holes", a possible class of black holes, examples of which may have recently been discovered in nearby galaxies. There, Krolik and his student (Yawei Hui) have computed stellar atmospheres for uniformly-heated disks around this class of black holes. Their models serve two purposes: they are the very first serious attempts to compute the spectrum from accreting black holes in this mass range; and a library of such models can be used later in this program as contrasts for those computed on the basis of real disk dynamics. The output from these local disk calculations has also been successfully coupled to a program that applies the appropriate relativistic transformations and computes photon trajectories in order to predict the spectrum received by observers located at different polar angles. The principal new result of these calculations is the discovery of potentially observable ionization edges of H-like C and O at frequencies near the peak in flux from these objects. Most of the grant money at UCSB was spent on supporting graduate student Shane Davis. In addition. some money was spent on supporting two other students: Ari Socrates (now a Hubble Fellow at Princeton), and Laura Melling. Davis spent the year constructing stellar atmosphere models of accretion disks appropriate for the high/soft (thermal) state of black hole X-ray binaries. As with AGN models published previously by our collaboration with NASA support. our models include a complete general relativistic treatment of both the disk structure and the propagation of photons from the disk to a distant observer. They also include all important continuum opacity sources, including Compton scattering and bound-free opacity from abundant metal species. The principal new result is that bound-free opacity is very significant in altering the continuum spectral shape, resulting for example in quite different "color correction factors" compared to those predicted previously. In addition, the models predict a relationship between luminosity and inner disk temperature that is, for the first time, in accord with that observed. The primary purpose of the grant was to incorporate more realistic accretion disk physics, learned largely from simulations, into such spectral models. The Davis et al. paper includes consideration of a vertical dissipation profile computed from radiation magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of MRI turbulence by N. J. Turner (2004). So long as the disk is effectively thick, such dissipation profiles do not affect the predicted spectrum significantly. (More work needs to be done on these simulations, however.) A potentially more serious issue is that MRI turbulence produces substantial inhomogeneities, as do photon bubble instabilities. These inhomogeneities can affect the spectra by enhancing the effects of absorption opacity over scattering opacity. We have done some preliminary Monte Carlo calculations to explore these effects.

Digitized molecular diagnostics: reading disk-based bioassays with standard computer drives.

PubMed

Li, Yunchao; Ou, Lily M L; Yu, Hua-Zhong

2008-11-01

We report herein a digital signal readout protocol for screening disk-based bioassays with standard optical drives of ordinary desktop/notebook computers. Three different types of biochemical recognition reactions (biotin-streptavidin binding, DNA hybridization, and protein-protein interaction) were performed directly on a compact disk in a line array format with the help of microfluidic channel plates. Being well-correlated with the optical darkness of the binding sites (after signal enhancement by gold nanoparticle-promoted autometallography), the reading error levels of prerecorded audio files can serve as a quantitative measure of biochemical interaction. This novel readout protocol is about 1 order of magnitude more sensitive than fluorescence labeling/scanning and has the capability of examining multiplex microassays on the same disk. Because no modification to either hardware or software is needed, it promises a platform technology for rapid, low-cost, and high-throughput point-of-care biomedical diagnostics.

Implementation of an advanced clinical and administrative hospital information system.

PubMed

Vegoda, P R; Dyro, J F

1986-01-01

Over the last six years since University Hospital opened, the University Hospital Information System (UHIS) has continued to evolve to what is today an advanced administrative and clinical information system. At University Hospital UHIS is the way of conducting business. A wide range of patient care applications are operational including Patient Registration, ADT for Inpatient/Outpatient/Emergency Room visits, Advanced Order Entry/Result Reporting, Medical Records, Lab Automated Data Acquisition/Quality Control, Pharmacy, Radiology, Dietary, Respiratory Therapy, ECG, EEG, Cardiology, Physical/Occupational Therapy and Nursing. These systems and numerous financial systems have been installed in a highly tuned, efficient computer system. All applications are real-time, on-line, and data base oriented. Each system is provided with multiple data security levels, forward file recovery, and dynamic transaction backout of in-flight tasks. Sensitive medical information is safeguarded by job function passwords, identification codes, need-to-know master screens and terminal keylocks. University Hospital has an IBM 3083 CPU with five 3380 disk drives, four dual density tape drives, and a 3705 network controller. The network of 300 terminals and 100 printers is connected to the computer center by an RF broadband cable. The software is configured around the IBM/MVS operating system using CICS as the telecommunication monitor, IMS as the data base management system and PCS/ADS as the application enabling tool. The most extensive clinical system added to UHIS is the Physiological Monitoring/Patient Data Management System with serves 92 critical care beds. In keeping with the Hospital's philosophy of integrated computing, the PMS/PDMS with its network of minicomputers was linked to the UHIS system. In a pilot program, remote access to UHIS through the IBM personal computer has been implemented in several physician offices in the local community, further extending the communications horizons of University Hospital's Information System. The implications of remote access to PDMS through the IBM PC emulating a Siemens Model 420 Patient Data Management Terminal are being examined.

A report on the ST ScI optical disk workstation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1985-01-01

The STScI optical disk project was designed to explore the options, opportunities and problems presented by the optical disk technology, and to see if optical disks are a viable, and inexpensive, means of storing the large amount of data which are found in astronomical digital imagery. A separate workstation was purchased on which the development can be done and serves as an astronomical image processing computer, incorporating the optical disks into the solution of standard image processing tasks. It is indicated that small workstations can be powerful tools for image processing, and that astronomical image processing may be more conveniently and cost-effectively performed on microcomputers than on the mainframe and super-minicomputers. The optical disks provide unique capabilities in data storage.

LAS - LAND ANALYSIS SYSTEM, VERSION 5.0

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pease, P. B.

1994-01-01

The Land Analysis System (LAS) is an image analysis system designed to manipulate and analyze digital data in raster format and provide the user with a wide spectrum of functions and statistical tools for analysis. LAS offers these features under VMS with optional image display capabilities for IVAS and other display devices as well as the X-Windows environment. LAS provides a flexible framework for algorithm development as well as for the processing and analysis of image data. Users may choose between mouse-driven commands or the traditional command line input mode. LAS functions include supervised and unsupervised image classification, film product generation, geometric registration, image repair, radiometric correction and image statistical analysis. Data files accepted by LAS include formats such as Multi-Spectral Scanner (MSS), Thematic Mapper (TM) and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR). The enhanced geometric registration package now includes both image to image and map to map transformations. The over 200 LAS functions fall into image processing scenario categories which include: arithmetic and logical functions, data transformations, fourier transforms, geometric registration, hard copy output, image restoration, intensity transformation, multispectral and statistical analysis, file transfer, tape profiling and file management among others. Internal improvements to the LAS code have eliminated the VAX VMS dependencies and improved overall system performance. The maximum LAS image size has been increased to 20,000 lines by 20,000 samples with a maximum of 256 bands per image. The catalog management system used in earlier versions of LAS has been replaced by a more streamlined and maintenance-free method of file management. This system is not dependent on VAX/VMS and relies on file naming conventions alone to allow the use of identical LAS file names on different operating systems. While the LAS code has been improved, the original capabilities of the system have been preserved. These include maintaining associated image history, session logging, and batch, asynchronous and interactive mode of operation. The LAS application programs are integrated under version 4.1 of an interface called the Transportable Applications Executive (TAE). TAE 4.1 has four modes of user interaction: menu, direct command, tutor (or help), and dynamic tutor. In addition TAE 4.1 allows the operation of LAS functions using mouse-driven commands under the TAE-Facelift environment provided with TAE 4.1. These modes of operation allow users, from the beginner to the expert, to exercise specific application options. LAS is written in C-language and FORTRAN 77 for use with DEC VAX computers running VMS with approximately 16Mb of physical memory. This program runs under TAE 4.1. Since TAE 4.1 is not a current version of TAE, TAE 4.1 is included within the LAS distribution. Approximately 130,000 blocks (65Mb) of disk storage space are necessary to store the source code and files generated by the installation procedure for LAS and 44,000 blocks (22Mb) of disk storage space are necessary for TAE 4.1 installation. The only other dependencies for LAS are the subroutine libraries for the specific display device(s) that will be used with LAS/DMS (e.g. X-Windows and/or IVAS). The standard distribution medium for LAS is a set of two 9track 6250 BPI magnetic tapes in DEC VAX BACKUP format. It is also available on a set of two TK50 tape cartridges in DEC VAX BACKUP format. This program was developed in 1986 and last updated in 1992.

Performances of multiprocessor multidisk architectures for continuous media storage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gennart, Benoit A.; Messerli, Vincent; Hersch, Roger D.

1996-03-01

Multimedia interfaces increase the need for large image databases, capable of storing and reading streams of data with strict synchronicity and isochronicity requirements. In order to fulfill these requirements, we consider a parallel image server architecture which relies on arrays of intelligent disk nodes, each disk node being composed of one processor and one or more disks. This contribution analyzes through bottleneck performance evaluation and simulation the behavior of two multi-processor multi-disk architectures: a point-to-point architecture and a shared-bus architecture similar to current multiprocessor workstation architectures. We compare the two architectures on the basis of two multimedia algorithms: the compute-bound frame resizing by resampling and the data-bound disk-to-client stream transfer. The results suggest that the shared bus is a potential bottleneck despite its very high hardware throughput (400Mbytes/s) and that an architecture with addressable local memories located closely to their respective processors could partially remove this bottleneck. The point- to-point architecture is scalable and able to sustain high throughputs for simultaneous compute- bound and data-bound operations.

Galactic scale gas flows in colliding galaxies: 3-dimensional, N-body/hydrodynamics experiments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lamb, Susan A.; Gerber, Richard A.; Balsara, Dinshaw S.

1994-01-01

We present some results from three dimensional computer simulations of collisions between models of equal mass galaxies, one of which is a rotating, disk galaxy containing both gas and stars and the other is an elliptical containing stars only. We use fully self consistent models in which the halo mass is 2.5 times that of the disk. In the experiments we have varied the impact parameter between zero (head on) and 0.9R (where R is the radius of the disk), for impacts perpendicular to the disk plane. The calculations were performed on a Cray 2 computer using a combined N-body/smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) program. The results show the development of complicated flows and shock structures in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the disk and the propagation outwards of a density wave in both the stars and the gas. The collisional nature of the gas results in a sharper ring than obtained for the star particles, and the development of high volume densities and shocks.

Implementing Journaling in a Linux Shared Disk File System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Preslan, Kenneth W.; Barry, Andrew; Brassow, Jonathan; Cattelan, Russell; Manthei, Adam; Nygaard, Erling; VanOort, Seth; Teigland, David; Tilstra, Mike; O'Keefe, Matthew;

Computing Temperatures in Optically Thick Protoplanetary Disks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Capuder, Lawrence F.. Jr.

2011-01-01

We worked with a Monte Carlo radiative transfer code to simulate the transfer of energy through protoplanetary disks, where planet formation occurs. The code tracks photons from the star into the disk, through scattering, absorption and re-emission, until they escape to infinity. High optical depths in the disk interior dominate the computation time because it takes the photon packet many interactions to get out of the region. High optical depths also receive few photons and therefore do not have well-estimated temperatures. We applied a modified random walk (MRW) approximation for treating high optical depths and to speed up the Monte Carlo calculations. The MRW is implemented by calculating the average number of interactions the photon packet will undergo in diffusing within a single cell of the spatial grid and then updating the packet position, packet frequencies, and local radiation absorption rate appropriately. The MRW approximation was then tested for accuracy and speed compared to the original code. We determined that MRW provides accurate answers to Monte Carlo Radiative transfer simulations. The speed gained from using MRW is shown to be proportional to the disk mass.

Progress In Optical Memory Technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsunoda, Yoshito

1987-01-01

More than 20 years have passed since the concept of optical memory was first proposed in 1966. Since then considerable progress has been made in this area together with the creation of completely new markets of optical memory in consumer and computer application areas. The first generation of optical memory was mainly developed with holographic recording technology in late 1960s and early 1970s. Considerable number of developments have been done in both analog and digital memory applications. Unfortunately, these technologies did not meet a chance to be a commercial product. The second generation of optical memory started at the beginning of 1970s with bit by bit recording technology. Read-only type optical memories such as video disks and compact audio disks have extensively investigated. Since laser diodes were first applied to optical video disk read out in 1976, there have been extensive developments of laser diode pick-ups for optical disk memory systems. The third generation of optical memory started in 1978 with bit by bit read/write technology using laser diodes. Developments of recording materials including both write-once and erasable have been actively pursued at several research institutes. These technologies are mainly focused on the optical memory systems for computer application. Such practical applications of optical memory technology has resulted in the creation of such new products as compact audio disks and computer file memories.

"Replaying Life's Tape": Simulations, metaphors, and historicity in Stephen Jay Gould's view of life.

PubMed

Sepkoski, David

2016-08-01

In a famous thought experiment, Stephen Jay Gould asked whether, if one could somehow rewind the history of life back to its initial starting point, the same results would obtain when the "tape" was run forward again. This hypothetical experiment is generally understood as a metaphor supporting Gould's philosophy of evolutionary contingency, which he developed and promoted from the late 1980s until his death in 2002. However, there was a very literal, non-metaphorical inspiration for Gould's thought experiment: since the early 1970s, Gould, along with a group of other paleontologists, was actively engaged in attempts to model and reconstruct the history of life using computer simulations and database analysis. These simulation projects not only demonstrate the impact that computers had on data analysis in paleontology, but also shed light on the close relationship between models and empirical data in data-oriented science. In a sense, I will argue, the models developed by paleontologists through simulation and quantitative analysis of the empirical fossil record in the 1970s and beyond were literal attempts to "replay life's tape" by reconstructing the history of life as data. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Integrated Baseline System (IBS). Version 1.03, System Management Guide

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Williams, J.R.; Bailey, S.; Bower, J.C.

This IBS System Management Guide explains how to install or upgrade the Integrated Baseline System (IBS) software package. The IBS is an emergency management planning and analysis tool that was developed under the direction of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). This guide includes detailed instructions for installing the IBS software package on a Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) VAX computer from the IBS distribution tapes. The installation instructions include procedures for both first-time installations and upgrades to existing IBS installations. To ensure that the system manager has the background necessary for successful installation of the IBS package, this guide alsomore » includes information on IBS computer requirements, software organization, and the generation of IBS distribution tapes. When special utility programs are used during IBS installation and setups, this guide refers you to the IBS Utilities Guide for specific instructions. This guide also refers you to the IBS Data Management Guide for detailed descriptions of some IBS data files and structures. Any special requirements for installation are not documented here but should be included in a set of installation notes that come with the distribution tapes.« less

Disk brake design for cooling improvement using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Munisamy, Kannan M.; Shafik, Ramel

2013-06-01

The car disk brake design is improved with two different blade designs compared to the baseline blade design. The two designs were simulated in Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to obtain heat transfer properties such as Nusselt number and Heat transfer coefficient. The heat transfer property is compared against the baseline design. The improved shape has the highest heat transfer performance. The curved design is inferior to baseline design in heat transfer performance.

42 CFR 4.6 - Reference, bibliographic, reproduction, and consultation services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... requests from health-sciences professionals for services not reasonably available through local or regional... bibliographic information. (c) Information retrieval system computer tapes. To the extent Library resources...

42 CFR 4.6 - Reference, bibliographic, reproduction, and consultation services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... requests from health-sciences professionals for services not reasonably available through local or regional... bibliographic information. (c) Information retrieval system computer tapes. To the extent Library resources...

42 CFR 4.6 - Reference, bibliographic, reproduction, and consultation services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... requests from health-sciences professionals for services not reasonably available through local or regional... bibliographic information. (c) Information retrieval system computer tapes. To the extent Library resources...

42 CFR 4.6 - Reference, bibliographic, reproduction, and consultation services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... requests from health-sciences professionals for services not reasonably available through local or regional... bibliographic information. (c) Information retrieval system computer tapes. To the extent Library resources...

42 CFR 4.6 - Reference, bibliographic, reproduction, and consultation services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... requests from health-sciences professionals for services not reasonably available through local or regional... bibliographic information. (c) Information retrieval system computer tapes. To the extent Library resources...

32 CFR 701.41 - FOIA fee terms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... can take the form of paper copy, microfiche, audiovisual, or machine readable documentation (e.g... duplication of computer tapes and audiovisual, the actual cost, including the operator's time, shall be...

39 CFR 230.11 - What special definitions apply to these rules?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., calendar and diary entries, graphs, notes, charts, tabulations, data analyses, statistical or information accumulations, records of meetings and conversations, film impressions, magnetic tapes, computer discs, and...

Towards a molecular logic machine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Remacle, F.; Levine, R. D.

2001-06-01

Finite state logic machines can be realized by pump-probe spectroscopic experiments on an isolated molecule. The most elaborate setup, a Turing machine, can be programmed to carry out a specific computation. We argue that a molecule can be similarly programmed, and provide examples using two photon spectroscopies. The states of the molecule serve as the possible states of the head of the Turing machine and the physics of the problem determines the possible instructions of the program. The tape is written in an alphabet that allows the listing of the different pump and probe signals that are applied in a given experiment. Different experiments using the same set of molecular levels correspond to different tapes that can be read and processed by the same head and program. The analogy to a Turing machine is not a mechanical one and is not completely molecular because the tape is not part of the molecular machine. We therefore also discuss molecular finite state machines, such as sequential devices, for which the tape is not part of the machine. Nonmolecular tapes allow for quite long input sequences with a rich alphabet (at the level of 7 bits) and laser pulse shaping experiments provide concrete examples. Single molecule spectroscopies show that a single molecule can be repeatedly cycled through a logical operation.

Heat Transfer Enhancement of Laminar Nanofluids Flow in a Circular Tube Fitted with Parabolic-Cut Twisted Tape Inserts

PubMed Central

Salman, Sami D.; Kadhum, Abdul Amir H.; Takriff, Mohd S.; Mohamad, Abu Bakar

2014-01-01

Numerical investigation has been carried out on heat transfer and friction factor characteristics of copper-water nanofluid flow in a constant heat-fluxed tube with the existence of new configuration of vortex generator using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. Two types of swirl flow generator: Classical twisted tape (CTT) and Parabolic-cut twisted tape (PCT) with a different twist ratio (y = 2.93, 3.91 and 4.89) and different cut depth (w = 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 cm) with 2% and 4% volume concentration of CuO nanofluid were used for simulation. The effect of different parameters such as flow Reynolds number, twist ratio, cut depth and nanofluid were considered. The results show that the enhancement of heat transfer rate and the friction factor induced by the Classical (CTT) and Parabolic-cut (PCT) inserts increases with twist ratio and cut depth decreases. The results also revealed that the heat transfer enhancement increases with an increase in the volume fraction of the CuO nanoparticle. Furthermore, the twisted tape with twist ratio (y = 2.93) and cut depth w = 0.5 cm offered 10% enhancement of the average Nusselt number with significant increases in friction factor than those of Classical twisted tape. PMID:24605055

Michigan experimental multispectral mapping system: A description of the M7 airborne sensor and its performance

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hasell, P. G., Jr.

1974-01-01

The development and characteristics of a multispectral band scanner for an airborne mapping system are discussed. The sensor operates in the ultraviolet, visual, and infrared frequencies. Any twelve of the bands may be selected for simultaneous, optically registered recording on a 14-track analog tape recorder. Multispectral imagery recorded on magnetic tape in the aircraft can be laboratory reproduced on film strips for visual analysis or optionally machine processed in analog and/or digital computers before display. The airborne system performance is analyzed.

The final hours: a linguistic analysis of the final words of a suicide.

PubMed

Lester, David

2010-06-01

A journal, two suicide notes, and two tape recordings from a young man who took his own life were analyzed by applying a computer program to analyze texts. The analysis indicates a calming trend from the journal entries to the suicide notes to the tape recordings, with an additional increase in positive emotions expressed from the first recorded message to the second recording made just an hour or two before his death. The usefulness of this approach for understanding the psychodynamics of suicidal behavior is discussed.