Sample records for container cargo simulation

  1. Simulation Of A Photofission-Based Cargo Interrogation System

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    King, Michael; Gozani, Tsahi; Stevenson, John

    A comprehensive model has been developed to characterize and optimize the detection of Bremsstrahlung x-ray induced fission signatures from nuclear materials hidden in cargo containers. An effective active interrogation system should not only induce a large number of fission events but also efficiently detect their signatures. The proposed scanning system utilizes a 9-MV commercially available linear accelerator and the detection of strong fission signals i.e. delayed gamma rays and prompt neutrons. Because the scanning system is complex and the cargo containers are large and often highly attenuating, the simulation method segments the model into several physical steps, representing each changemore » of radiation particle. Each approximation is carried-out separately, resulting in a major reduction in computational time and a significant improvement in tally statistics. The model investigates the effect on the fission rate and detection rate by various cargo types, densities and distributions. Hydrogenous and metallic cargos, homogeneous and heterogeneous, as well as various locations of the nuclear material inside the cargo container were studied. We will show that for the photofission-based interrogation system simulation, the final results are not only in good agreement with a full, single-step simulation but also with experimental results, further validating the full-system simulation.« less

  2. Monte Carlo Simulation of a 12 MeV Cargo Container Inspection System

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ozcan, Ibrahim; Chandler, Katherine; Spaulding, Randy; Farfan, Eduardo

    2007-05-01

    After the terrorist events of 9/11, border security has become one of the most important issues in national security due to the large number of cargo containers entering the country. Screening of all cargo containers for nuclear materials should be performed during border inspections. The technical aspects of inspecting cargo containers using electron accelerators have been studied previously. However, the radiological protection aspects involved in these studies have not been fully considered. This screening process may accidentally harm operators, workers, and bystanders; as well as stowaways hiding inside the containers. In this research project, external doses were estimated at various locations near the inspection system. A 12-MeV linear accelerator (LINAC) was used in the experiment. The relationship between the various locations and doses were determined in this simulation. The simulation was performed using MCNPX. To cite this abstract, use the following reference: http://meetings.aps.org/link/BAPS.2007.NWS07.B2.8

  3. Aerodynamic Simulation of A Containership to Evaluate Cargo Configuration Effect on Frontal Wind Loads

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Majidian, Hamed; Azarsina, Farhood

    2018-04-01

    Fuel consumption has always been a matter of concern for ships propulsion. In this research we aim to develop computer models of several containership cargo stacking configurations and discuss an optimal configuration at a constant front wind speed. The paper presents the simulation results by using ANSYS CFX for a 1:4 scale Post- Panamax 9000 TEU containership. The ship is modelled in a cubic domain that contains unstructured mesh with details, in such a way that can demonstrate the influence of the container configuration on wind force. Also the numerical results are verified versus wind tunnel test data. An optimal stack configuration led to about 25% reduction in air resistance. It is proposed that in order to reduce the wind drag force and consequently reduce the fuel consumption and pollutant emissions, empty spaces between the cargo containers and unbalanced cargo distribution over the deck should be inhibited. Also, it is advised to make the cargo distribution on the most forward and aftward deck areas more streamlined.

  4. Aircraft Cargo Compartment Fire Test Simulation Program

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Blumke, R. E.

    1977-01-01

    The objective of the test was to assess fire containment and fire extinguishment in the cargo by reducing the ventilation through the cargo compartment. Parameters which were measured included ignition time, burnthrough time, and physical damage to the cargo liner, composition of selected combustible gases, temperature-time histories, heat flux, and detector response. The ignitor load was made of a typical cargo consisting of filled cardboard cartons occupying 50% of the compartment volume.

  5. Monte Carlo analysis of tagged neutron beams for cargo container inspection.

    PubMed

    Pesente, S; Lunardon, M; Nebbia, G; Viesti, G; Sudac, D; Valkovic, V

    2007-12-01

    Fast neutrons produced via D+T reactions and tagged by the associated particle technique have been recently proposed to inspect cargo containers. The general characteristics of this technique are studied with Monte Carlo simulations by determining the properties of the tagged neutron beams as a function of the relevant design parameters (energy and size of the deuteron beam, geometry of the charged particle detector). Results from simulations, validated by experiments, show that the broadening of the correlation between the alpha-particle and the neutron, induced by kinematical as well as geometrical (beam and detector size) effects, is important and limits the dimension of the minimum voxel to be inspected. Moreover, the effect of the container filling is explored. The material filling produces a sizeable loss of correlation between alpha-particles and neutrons due to scattering and absorption. Conditions in inspecting cargo containers are discussed.

  6. Improvement of Efficiency of Transportation in Harbor Physical Distribution Considering Inland Carriage

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hino, Hisato; Hoshino, Satoshi; Fujisawa, Tomoharu; Maruyama, Shigehisa; Ota, Jun

    Currently, container ships move cargo with minimal participation from external trucks. However, there is slack time between the departure of container ships and the completion of cargo handling by container ships without the participation of external trucks; therefore, external trucks can be used to move cargo without delaying the departure time. In this paper, we propose a solution involving the control algorithms of transfer cranes (TCs) because the efficiency of yard operations depends largely on the productivity of TCs. TCs work according to heuristic rules using the forecasted arrival times of internal and external trucks. Simulation results show that the proposed method can reduce the waiting time of external trucks and meet the departure time of container ships.

  7. Monte-Carlo simulations of neutron-induced activation in a Fast-Neutron and Gamma-Based Cargo Inspection System

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bromberger, B.; Bar, D.; Brandis, M.; Dangendorf, V.; Goldberg, M. B.; Kaufmann, F.; Mor, I.; Nolte, R.; Schmiedel, M.; Tittelmeier, K.; Vartsky, D.; Wershofen, H.

    2012-03-01

    An air cargo inspection system combining two nuclear reaction based techniques, namely Fast-Neutron Resonance Radiography and Dual-Discrete-Energy Gamma Radiography is currently being developed. This system is expected to allow detection of standard and improvised explosives as well as special nuclear materials. An important aspect for the applicability of nuclear techniques in an airport inspection facility is the inventory and lifetimes of radioactive isotopes produced by the neutron radiation inside the cargo, as well as the dose delivered by these isotopes to people in contact with the cargo during and following the interrogation procedure. Using MCNPX and CINDER90 we have calculated the activation levels for several typical inspection scenarios. One example is the activation of various metal samples embedded in a cotton-filled container. To validate the simulation results, a benchmark experiment was performed, in which metal samples were activated by fast-neutrons in a water-filled glass jar. The induced activity was determined by analyzing the gamma spectra. Based on the calculated radioactive inventory in the container, the dose levels due to the induced gamma radiation were calculated at several distances from the container and in relevant time windows after the irradiation, in order to evaluate the radiation exposure of the cargo handling staff, air crew and passengers during flight. The possibility of remanent long-lived radioactive inventory after cargo is delivered to the client is also of concern and was evaluated.

  8. Conversion factors from counts to chemical ratios for the EURITRACK tagged neutron inspection system

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    El Kanawati, W.; Perot, B.; Carasco, C.; Eleon, C.; Valkovic, V.; Sudac, D.; Obhodas, J.

    2011-10-01

    The EURopean Illicit TRAfficking Countermeasures Kit (EURITRACK) uses 14 MeV neutrons produced by the 3H(d,n) 4H fusion reaction to detect explosives and narcotics in cargo containers. Reactions induced by fast neutrons produce gamma rays, which are detected in coincidence with the associated alpha particle to determine the neutron direction. In addition, the neutron path length is obtained from a time-of-flight measurement, thus allowing the origin of the gamma rays inside the container to be determined. Information concerning the chemical composition of the target material is obtained from the analysis of the energy spectrum. The carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen relative count contributions must be converted to chemical proportions to distinguish illicit and benign organic materials. An extensive set of conversion factors based on Monte Carlo numerical simulations has been calculated, taking into account neutron slowing down and photon attenuation in the cargo materials. An experimental validation of the method is presented by comparing the measured chemical fractions of known materials, in the form of bare samples or hidden in a cargo container, to their real chemical composition. Examples of application to real cargo containers are also reported, as well as simulated data with explosives and illicit drugs.

  9. MCNP calculations for container inspection with tagged neutrons

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Boghen, G.; Donzella, A.; Filippini, V.; Fontana, A.; Lunardon, M.; Moretto, S.; Pesente, S.; Zenoni, A.

    2005-12-01

    We are developing an innovative tagged neutrons inspection system (TNIS) for cargo containers: the system will allow us to assay the chemical composition of suspect objects, previously identified by a standard X-ray radiography. The operation of the system is extensively being simulated by using the MCNP Monte Carlo code to study different inspection geometries, cargo loads and hidden threat materials. Preliminary simulations evaluating the signal and the signal over background ratio expected as a function of the system parameters are presented. The results for a selection of cases are briefly discussed and demonstrate that the system can operate successfully in different filling conditions.

  10. A Neutron Based Interrogation System For SNM In Cargo

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Kane, Steven Z.; Koltick, David S.

    A complete system has been simulated using experimentally obtained input parameters for the detection of special nuclear materials (SNM). A variation of the associated particle imaging (API) technique, referred to as reverse associated particle imaging detection (RAPID), has been developed in the context of detecting 5-kg spherical samples of U-235 in cargo. The RAPID technique allows for the interrogation of containers at neutron production rates between {approx}1x10{sup 8} neutrons/s and {approx}3x10{sup 8} neutrons/s. The merit of performance for the system is the time to detect the threat material with 95% probability of detection and 10{sup -4} false positive rate permore » interrogated voxel of cargo. Detection times of 5 minutes were found for a maximally loaded cargo container uniformly filled with iron and as low as 1 second in containers loaded to 1/4 of full capacity with either iron or wood. The worse case system performance, 30 minutes interrogation time, occurs for a maximally loaded container containing wood at 0.4 g/cm{sup 3}.« less

  11. The Effect of the Three-Dimensional Geometry of Cargo on the Detection of Radioactive Sources in Cargo Containers

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Schweppe, John E.; Ely, James H.; McConn, Ronald J.

    Pacific Northwest National Laboratory has developed computer models to simulate the screening of vehicles and cargo with radiation portal monitors for the presence of illegitimate radioactive material. In addition, selected measurements have been conducted to validate the models. An important consideration in the modeling of realistic scenarios is the influence of the three-dimensional geometry of the cargo on the measured signature. This is particularly important for scenarios where the source and detector move with respect to each other. Two cases of the influence of the three-dimensional geometry of the cargo on the measured radiation signature are analyzed. In the first,more » measurements show that spectral data collected from moving sources so as to maximize the gross-counting signal-to-noise ratio has minimal spectral distortion, so that the spectral data can be summed over this time interval. In the second, modeling demonstrates that the ability to detect radioactive sources at all locations in a container full of cargo scales approximately linearly with the vertical height of the detector, suggesting that detectors should be approximately the same height as the container they scan.« less

  12. Indirect Estimation of Radioactivity in Containerized Cargo

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Jarman, Kenneth D.; Scherrer, Chad; Smith, Eric L.

    Detecting illicit nuclear and radiological material in containerized cargo challenges the state of the art in detection systems. Current systems are being evaluated and new systems envisioned to address the need for the high probability of detection and extremely low false alarm rates necessary to thwart potential threats and extremely low nuisance and false alarm rates while maintaining necessary to maintain the flow of commerce impacted by the enormous volume of commodities imported in shipping containers. Maintaining flow of commerce also means that primary inspection must be rapid, requiring relatively indirect measurements of cargo from outside the containers. With increasingmore » information content in such indirect measurements, it is natural to ask how the information might be combined to improved detection. Toward this end, we present an approach to estimating isotopic activity of naturally occurring radioactive material in cargo grouped by commodity type, combining container manifest data with radiography and gamma spectroscopy aligned to location along the container. The heart of this approach is our statistical model of gamma counts within peak regions of interest, which captures the effects of background suppression, counting noise, convolution of neighboring cargo contributions, and down-scattered photons to provide physically constrained estimates of counts due to decay of specific radioisotopes in cargo alone. Coupled to that model, we use a mechanistic model of self-attenuated radiation flux to estimate the isotopic activity within cargo, segmented by location within each container, that produces those counts. We demonstrate our approach by applying it to a set of measurements taken at the Port of Seattle in 2006. This approach to synthesizing disparate available data streams and extraction of cargo characteristics holds the potential to improve primary inspection using current detection capabilities and to enable simulation-based evaluation of new candidate detection systems.« less

  13. Poly- Versus Mono-Energetic Dual-Spectrum Non-Intrusive Inspection of Cargo Containers

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Martz, Harry E.; Glenn, Steven M.; Smith, Jerel A.; Divin, Charles J.; Azevedo, Stephen G.

    2017-07-01

    In this paper, based on an invited talk at SORMA (May 2016), we present an overview of x-ray sources, detectors and system configurations for non-intrusive inspection (NII) of cargo containers. Our emphasis is on dual-energy x-ray NII for detecting high-atomic-number (Z ≥ 72) materials such as tungsten shielding and special nuclear materials (SNM). Standard single-energy (MeV and above) x-rays needed to penetrate and image cargo provide little SNM contrast, whereas dual-energy x-ray NII is demonstrated as a way to improve the selectivity of materials with Z<;72 vs. those with Z ≥ 72. For two possible dual-energy x-ray source technologies - polyenergetic dual-energy (PDE) and quasi-monoenergetic x-ray sources (QMXS) - we investigate their trade-offs and future prospects using experimental and simulated results. The reduced scatter and larger separation of low- and high-energy photons provided by QMXS offers improved high-Z material contrast, but practical considerations such as flux and pulse rate need to be solved before making a deployable system. Straight-ray simulations show factor of four increases in contrast for QMXS over PDE scans of tin (Z=50) and iron (Z=26) relative to a uranium plate (Z=92) behind 20 cm of iron simulated cargo.

  14. Cargo and Container X-Ray Inspection with Intra-Pulse Multi-Energy Method for Material Discrimination

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Saverskiy, Aleksandr Y.; Dinca, Dan-Cristian; Rommel, J. Martin

    The Intra-Pulse Multi-Energy (IPME) method of material discrimination mitigates main disadvantages of the traditional "interlaced" approach: ambiguity caused by sampling different regions of cargo and reduction of effective scanning speed. A novel concept of creating multi-energy probing pulses using a standing-wave structure allows maintaining a constant energy spectrum while changing the time duration of each sub-pulse and thus enables adaptive cargo inspection. Depending on the cargo density, the dose delivered to the inspected object is optimized for best material discrimination, maximum material penetration, or lowest dose to cargo. A model based on Monte-Carlo simulation and experimental reference points were developed for the optimization of inspection conditions.

  15. Simulation of a tagged neutron inspection system prototype

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Donzella, A.; Boghen, G.; Bonomi, G.; Fontana, A.; Formisano, P.; Pesente, S.; Sudac, D.; Valkovic, V.; Zenoni, A.

    2006-05-01

    The illicit trafficking of explosive materials in cargo containers has become, in recent years, a serious problem. Currently used X-ray or γ-ray based systems provide only limited information about the elemental composition of the inspected cargo items. During the last years, a new neutron interrogation technique, named TNIS (Tagged Neutron Inspection System), has been developed, which should permit to determine the chemical composition of the suspect item by coincidence measurements between alpha particles and photons produced. A prototype of such a system for container inspection has been built, at the Institute Ruder Boskovic (IRB) in Zagreb, Croatia, for the European Union 6FP EURITRACK project. We present the results of a detailed simulation of the IRB prototype performed with the MCNP Monte Carlo program and a comparison with beam attenuation calculations performed with GEANT3/MICAP. Detector signals, rates and signal over background ratios have been calculated for 100 kg of TNT explosive located inside a cargo container filled with a metallic matrix of density 0.2 g/cm3. The case of an organic filling material is discussed too.

  16. Scatter in Cargo Radiography

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Erin A. Miller; Joseph A. Caggiano; Robert C. Runkle

    As a complement to passive detection systems, radiographic inspection of cargo is an increasingly important tool for homeland security because it has the potential to detect highly attenuating objects associated with special nuclear material or surrounding shielding, in addition to screening for items such as drugs or contraband. Radiographic detection of such threat objects relies on high image contrast between regions of different density and atomic number (Z). Threat detection is affected by scatter of the interrogating beamin the cargo, the radiographic system itself, and the surrounding environment, which degrades image contrast. Here, we estimate the extent to which scattermore » plays a role in radiographic imaging of cargo containers. Stochastic transport simulations were performed to determine the details of the radiography equipment and surrounding environment, which are important in reproducing measured data and to investigate scatter magnitudes for typical cargo. We find that scatter plays a stronger role in cargo radiography than in typicalmedical imaging scenarios, even for low-density cargo, with scatter-toprimary ratios ranging from 0.14 for very low density cargo, to between 0.20 and 0.40 for typical cargo, and higher yet for dense cargo.« less

  17. DNA hairpins promote temperature controlled cargo encapsulation in a truncated octahedral nanocage structure family

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Franch, Oskar; Iacovelli, Federico; Falconi, Mattia; Juul, Sissel; Ottaviani, Alessio; Benvenuti, Claudia; Biocca, Silvia; Ho, Yi-Ping; Knudsen, Birgitta R.; Desideri, Alessandro

    2016-07-01

    In the present study we investigate the mechanism behind temperature controlled cargo uptake using a truncated octahedral DNA cage scaffold functionalized with one, two, three or four hairpin forming DNA strands inserted in one corner of the structure. This investigation was inspired by our previous demonstration of temperature controlled reversible encapsulation of the cargo enzyme, horseradish peroxidase, in the cage with four hairpin forming strands. However, in this previous study the mechanism of cargo uptake was not directly addressed (Juul, et al., Temperature-Controlled Encapsulation and Release of an Active Enzyme in the Cavity of a Self-Assembled DNA Nanocage, ACS Nano, 2013, 7, 9724-9734). In the present study we use a combination of molecular dynamics simulations and in vitro analyses to unravel the mechanism of cargo uptake in hairpin containing DNA cages. We find that two hairpin forming strands are necessary and sufficient to facilitate efficient cargo uptake, which argues against a full opening-closing of one corner of the structure being responsible for encapsulation. Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to evaluate the atomistic motions responsible for encapsulation and showed that the two hairpin forming strands facilitated extension of at least one of the face surfaces of the cage scaffold, allowing entrance of the cargo protein into the cavity of the structure. Hence, the presented data demonstrate that cargo uptake does not involve a full opening of the structure. Rather, the uptake mechanism represents a feature of increased flexibility integrated in this nanocage structure upon the addition of at least two hairpin-forming strands.In the present study we investigate the mechanism behind temperature controlled cargo uptake using a truncated octahedral DNA cage scaffold functionalized with one, two, three or four hairpin forming DNA strands inserted in one corner of the structure. This investigation was inspired by our previous demonstration of temperature controlled reversible encapsulation of the cargo enzyme, horseradish peroxidase, in the cage with four hairpin forming strands. However, in this previous study the mechanism of cargo uptake was not directly addressed (Juul, et al., Temperature-Controlled Encapsulation and Release of an Active Enzyme in the Cavity of a Self-Assembled DNA Nanocage, ACS Nano, 2013, 7, 9724-9734). In the present study we use a combination of molecular dynamics simulations and in vitro analyses to unravel the mechanism of cargo uptake in hairpin containing DNA cages. We find that two hairpin forming strands are necessary and sufficient to facilitate efficient cargo uptake, which argues against a full opening-closing of one corner of the structure being responsible for encapsulation. Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to evaluate the atomistic motions responsible for encapsulation and showed that the two hairpin forming strands facilitated extension of at least one of the face surfaces of the cage scaffold, allowing entrance of the cargo protein into the cavity of the structure. Hence, the presented data demonstrate that cargo uptake does not involve a full opening of the structure. Rather, the uptake mechanism represents a feature of increased flexibility integrated in this nanocage structure upon the addition of at least two hairpin-forming strands. Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c6nr01806h

  18. Study on the CFD simulation of refrigerated container

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Arif Budiyanto, Muhammad; Shinoda, Takeshi; Nasruddin

    2017-10-01

    The objective this study is to performed Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation of refrigerated container in the container port. Refrigerated container is a thermal cargo container constructed from an insulation wall to carry kind of perishable goods. CFD simulation was carried out use cross sectional of container walls to predict surface temperatures of refrigerated container and to estimate its cooling load. The simulation model is based on the solution of the partial differential equations governing the fluid flow and heat transfer processes. The physical model of heat-transfer processes considered in this simulation are consist of solar radiation from the sun, heat conduction on the container walls, heat convection on the container surfaces and thermal radiation among the solid surfaces. The validation of simulation model was assessed uses surface temperatures at center points on each container walls obtained from the measurement experimentation in the previous study. The results shows the surface temperatures of simulation model has good agreement with the measurement data on all container walls.

  19. 46 CFR 151.05-2 - Compliance with requirements for tank barges carrying benzene and benzene containing cargoes, or...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... benzene and benzene containing cargoes, or butyl acrylate cargoes. 151.05-2 Section 151.05-2 Shipping... Compliance with requirements for tank barges carrying benzene and benzene containing cargoes, or butyl acrylate cargoes. A tank barge certificated to carry benzene and benzene containing cargoes or butyl...

  20. 46 CFR 151.05-2 - Compliance with requirements for tank barges carrying benzene and benzene containing cargoes, or...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... benzene and benzene containing cargoes, or butyl acrylate cargoes. 151.05-2 Section 151.05-2 Shipping... Compliance with requirements for tank barges carrying benzene and benzene containing cargoes, or butyl acrylate cargoes. A tank barge certificated to carry benzene and benzene containing cargoes or butyl...

  1. 46 CFR 151.05-2 - Compliance with requirements for tank barges carrying benzene and benzene containing cargoes, or...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... benzene and benzene containing cargoes, or butyl acrylate cargoes. 151.05-2 Section 151.05-2 Shipping... Compliance with requirements for tank barges carrying benzene and benzene containing cargoes, or butyl acrylate cargoes. A tank barge certificated to carry benzene and benzene containing cargoes or butyl...

  2. 46 CFR 151.05-2 - Compliance with requirements for tank barges carrying benzene and benzene containing cargoes, or...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... benzene and benzene containing cargoes, or butyl acrylate cargoes. 151.05-2 Section 151.05-2 Shipping... Compliance with requirements for tank barges carrying benzene and benzene containing cargoes, or butyl acrylate cargoes. A tank barge certificated to carry benzene and benzene containing cargoes or butyl...

  3. 46 CFR 151.05-2 - Compliance with requirements for tank barges carrying benzene and benzene containing cargoes, or...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... benzene and benzene containing cargoes, or butyl acrylate cargoes. 151.05-2 Section 151.05-2 Shipping... Compliance with requirements for tank barges carrying benzene and benzene containing cargoes, or butyl acrylate cargoes. A tank barge certificated to carry benzene and benzene containing cargoes or butyl...

  4. Detection of special nuclear materials using prompt gamma-rays from fast and slow neutron-induced fission

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kane, Steven Ze

    A complete system has been simulated using experimentally obtained input parameters for the detection of special nuclear materials (SNM). A variation of the associated particle imaging (API) technique, referred to as reverse associated particle imaging detection (RAPID), has been developed in the context of detecting 5-kg spherical samples of U-235 in cargo containers uniformly filled with wood (low-Z) or iron (high-Z) at densities ranging from 0.1 g/cm3 to 0.4 g/cm3, the maximal density for a uniformly fully loaded 40-ft standard cargo container. In addition, samples were located at the center of a given container to study worst-case scenarios. The RAPID technique allows for the interrogation of containers at neutron production rates between 1x108 neutrons/s and 4x108 neutrons/s, depending on cargo material and density. These rates are low enough to prevent transmutation of materials in cargo and radiation safety hazards are limited. The merit of performance for the system is the time to detect the threat material with 95% probability of detection and 10-4 false positive rate per interrogated voxel of cargo. The detection of 5-kg of U-235 was chosen because this quantity of material is near the lower limit of the amount of special nuclear material that might be used in a nuclear weapon. This is in contrast to the 25-kg suggested sensitivity proposed by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

  5. Investigation of active interrogation techniques to detect special nuclear material in maritime environments: Boarded search of a cargo container ship

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Grogan, Brandon R.; Henkel, James J.; Johnson, Jeffrey O.; Mihalczo, John T.; Miller, Thomas M.; Patton, Bruce W.

    2013-12-01

    The detonation of a terrorist nuclear weapon in the United States would result in the massive loss of life and grave economic damage. Even if a device was not detonated, its known or suspected presence aboard a cargo container ship in a U.S. port would have major economic and political consequences. One possible means to prevent this threat would be to board a ship at sea and search for the device before it reaches port. The scenario considered here involves a small Coast Guard team with strong intelligence boarding a container ship to search for a nuclear device. Using active interrogation, the team would nonintrusively search a block of shipping containers to locate the fissile material. Potential interrogation source and detector technologies for the team are discussed. The methodology of the scan is presented along with a technique for calculating the required interrogation source strength using computer simulations. MCNPX was used to construct a computer model of a container ship, and several search scenarios were simulated. The results of the simulations are presented in terms of the source strength required for each interrogation scenario. Validation measurements were performed in order to scale these simulation results to expected performance. Interrogations through the short (2.4 m) axis of a standardized shipping container appear to be feasible given the entire range of container loadings tested. Interrogations through several containers at once or a single container through its long (12.2 m) axis do not appear to be viable with a portable interrogation system.

  6. 29 CFR 1918.85 - Containerized cargo operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Containerized cargo operations. (a) Container markings. Every intermodal container shall be legibly and permanently marked with: (1) The weight of the container when empty, in pounds; (2) The maximum cargo weight... maximum cargo weight, in pounds. (b) Container weight. No container shall be hoisted by any lifting...

  7. 29 CFR 1918.85 - Containerized cargo operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Containerized cargo operations. (a) Container markings. Every intermodal container shall be legibly and permanently marked with: (1) The weight of the container when empty, in pounds; (2) The maximum cargo weight... maximum cargo weight, in pounds. (b) Container weight. No container shall be hoisted by any lifting...

  8. 29 CFR 1918.85 - Containerized cargo operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Containerized cargo operations. (a) Container markings. Every intermodal container shall be legibly and permanently marked with: (1) The weight of the container when empty, in pounds; (2) The maximum cargo weight... maximum cargo weight, in pounds. (b) Container weight. No container shall be hoisted by any lifting...

  9. 29 CFR 1918.85 - Containerized cargo operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Containerized cargo operations. (a) Container markings. Every intermodal container shall be legibly and permanently marked with: (1) The weight of the container when empty, in pounds; (2) The maximum cargo weight... maximum cargo weight, in pounds. (b) Container weight. No container shall be hoisted by any lifting...

  10. 29 CFR 1918.85 - Containerized cargo operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Containerized cargo operations. (a) Container markings. Every intermodal container shall be legibly and permanently marked with: (1) The weight of the container when empty, in pounds; (2) The maximum cargo weight... maximum cargo weight, in pounds. (b) Container weight. No container shall be hoisted by any lifting...

  11. Coupled multi-group neutron photon transport for the simulation of high-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy applications

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Burns, Kimberly A.

    2009-08-01

    The accurate and efficient simulation of coupled neutron-photon problems is necessary for several important radiation detection applications. Examples include the detection of nuclear threats concealed in cargo containers and prompt gamma neutron activation analysis for nondestructive determination of elemental composition of unknown samples.

  12. Simulation analysis of operation respond in a field setting

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1997-01-01

    The Operation Respond system aims to facilitate rapid access to transportation carrier databases containing information on hazardous material cargo. As a consequence, first responders, such as police and fire department personnel, are expected to res...

  13. Cargo identification algorithms facilitating unmanned/unattended inspection at high throughput portals

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chalmers, Alex

    2007-10-01

    A simple model is presented of a possible inspection regimen applied to each leg of a cargo containers' journey between its point of origin and destination. Several candidate modalities are proposed to be used at multiple remote locations to act as a pre-screen inspection as the target approaches a perimeter and as the primary inspection modality at the portal. Information from multiple data sets are fused to optimize the costs and performance of a network of such inspection systems. A series of image processing algorithms are presented that automatically process X-ray images of containerized cargo. The goal of this processing is to locate the container in a real time stream of traffic traversing a portal without impeding the flow of commerce. Such processing may facilitate the inclusion of unmanned/unattended inspection systems in such a network. Several samples of the processing applied to data collected from deployed systems are included. Simulated data from a notional cargo inspection system with multiple sensor modalities and advanced data fusion algorithms are also included to show the potential increased detection and throughput performance of such a configuration.

  14. 19 CFR 19.41 - Movement of containerized cargo to a container station.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Movement of containerized cargo to a container... THEREIN Container Stations § 19.41 Movement of containerized cargo to a container station. Containerized cargo may be moved from the place of unlading to a designated container station, or may be received...

  15. 19 CFR 19.41 - Movement of containerized cargo to a container station.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Movement of containerized cargo to a container... THEREIN Container Stations § 19.41 Movement of containerized cargo to a container station. Containerized cargo may be moved from the place of unlading to a designated container station, or may be received...

  16. 19 CFR 19.41 - Movement of containerized cargo to a container station.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Movement of containerized cargo to a container... THEREIN Container Stations § 19.41 Movement of containerized cargo to a container station. Containerized cargo may be moved from the place of unlading to a designated container station, or may be received...

  17. 19 CFR 19.41 - Movement of containerized cargo to a container station.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Movement of containerized cargo to a container... THEREIN Container Stations § 19.41 Movement of containerized cargo to a container station. Containerized cargo may be moved from the place of unlading to a designated container station, or may be received...

  18. 19 CFR 19.41 - Movement of containerized cargo to a container station.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Movement of containerized cargo to a container... THEREIN Container Stations § 19.41 Movement of containerized cargo to a container station. Containerized cargo may be moved from the place of unlading to a designated container station, or may be received...

  19. 46 CFR 154.1828 - Spaces containing cargo vapor: Entry.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Spaces containing cargo vapor: Entry. 154.1828 Section... Spaces containing cargo vapor: Entry. (a) No person may enter a cargo handling space without the... allowing anyone to enter a cargo handling space, the master shall ensure that: (1) The space is free of...

  20. 46 CFR 154.1828 - Spaces containing cargo vapor: Entry.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Spaces containing cargo vapor: Entry. 154.1828 Section... Spaces containing cargo vapor: Entry. (a) No person may enter a cargo handling space without the... allowing anyone to enter a cargo handling space, the master shall ensure that: (1) The space is free of...

  1. 46 CFR 154.1828 - Spaces containing cargo vapor: Entry.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Spaces containing cargo vapor: Entry. 154.1828 Section... Spaces containing cargo vapor: Entry. (a) No person may enter a cargo handling space without the... allowing anyone to enter a cargo handling space, the master shall ensure that: (1) The space is free of...

  2. 46 CFR 153.934 - Entry into spaces containing cargo vapor.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Entry into spaces containing cargo vapor. 153.934... CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Operations General Vessel Safety § 153.934 Entry into spaces containing cargo vapor. (a) No person may enter a cargo...

  3. 46 CFR 153.934 - Entry into spaces containing cargo vapor.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Entry into spaces containing cargo vapor. 153.934... CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Operations General Vessel Safety § 153.934 Entry into spaces containing cargo vapor. (a) No person may enter a cargo...

  4. 46 CFR 153.934 - Entry into spaces containing cargo vapor.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Entry into spaces containing cargo vapor. 153.934... CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Operations General Vessel Safety § 153.934 Entry into spaces containing cargo vapor. (a) No person may enter a cargo...

  5. 46 CFR 153.934 - Entry into spaces containing cargo vapor.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Entry into spaces containing cargo vapor. 153.934... CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Operations General Vessel Safety § 153.934 Entry into spaces containing cargo vapor. (a) No person may enter a cargo...

  6. 46 CFR 153.934 - Entry into spaces containing cargo vapor.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Entry into spaces containing cargo vapor. 153.934... CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Operations General Vessel Safety § 153.934 Entry into spaces containing cargo vapor. (a) No person may enter a cargo...

  7. 46 CFR 91.25-37 - Tanks containing dangerous cargoes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Tanks containing dangerous cargoes. 91.25-37 Section 91... VESSELS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Inspection for Certification § 91.25-37 Tanks containing dangerous cargoes. (a) For inspection and tests of tanks containing certain dangerous cargoes in bulk, see part 98...

  8. 46 CFR 91.25-37 - Tanks containing dangerous cargoes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Tanks containing dangerous cargoes. 91.25-37 Section 91... VESSELS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Inspection for Certification § 91.25-37 Tanks containing dangerous cargoes. (a) For inspection and tests of tanks containing certain dangerous cargoes in bulk, see part 98...

  9. 46 CFR 91.25-37 - Tanks containing dangerous cargoes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Tanks containing dangerous cargoes. 91.25-37 Section 91... VESSELS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Inspection for Certification § 91.25-37 Tanks containing dangerous cargoes. (a) For inspection and tests of tanks containing certain dangerous cargoes in bulk, see part 98...

  10. 46 CFR 91.25-37 - Tanks containing dangerous cargoes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Tanks containing dangerous cargoes. 91.25-37 Section 91... VESSELS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Inspection for Certification § 91.25-37 Tanks containing dangerous cargoes. (a) For inspection and tests of tanks containing certain dangerous cargoes in bulk, see part 98...

  11. 46 CFR 91.25-37 - Tanks containing dangerous cargoes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Tanks containing dangerous cargoes. 91.25-37 Section 91... VESSELS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Inspection for Certification § 91.25-37 Tanks containing dangerous cargoes. (a) For inspection and tests of tanks containing certain dangerous cargoes in bulk, see part 98...

  12. 77 FR 21577 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Cargo Container and Road Vehicle Certification for...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-10

    ... Activities: Cargo Container and Road Vehicle Certification for Transport Under Customs Seal AGENCY: U.S... agencies to comment on an information collection requirement concerning the Cargo Container and Road... concerning the following information collection: Title: Cargo Container and Road Vehicle for Transport under...

  13. Cosmic Ray Inspection and Passive Tomography for SNM Detection

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Armitage, John; Oakham, Gerald; Bryman, Douglas

    2009-12-02

    The Cosmic Ray Inspection and Passive Tomography (CRIPT) project has recently started investigating the detection of illicit Special Nuclear Material in cargo using cosmic ray muon tomography and complementary neutron detectors. We are currently performing simulation studies to help with the design of small scale prototypes. Based on the prototype tests and refined simulations, we will determine whether the muon tracking system for the full scale prototype will be based on drift chambers or extruded scintillator trackers. An analysis of the operations of the Port of Montreal has determined how long muon scan times should take if all or amore » subset of the cargo is to be screened. As long as the throughput of the muon system(s) is equal to the rate at which containers are unloaded from ships, the impact on port operations would not be great if a muon scanning stage were required for all cargo. We also show preliminary simulation results indicating that excellent separation between Al, Fe and Pb is possible under ideal conditions. The discrimination power is reduced but still significant when realistic momentum resolution measurements are considered.« less

  14. Cosmic Ray Inspection and Passive Tomography for SNM Detection

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Armitage, John; Bryman, Douglas; Cousins, Thomas; Gallant, Grant; Jason, Andrew; Jonkmans, Guy; Noël, Scott; Oakham, Gerald; Stocki, Trevor J.; Waller, David

    2009-12-01

    The Cosmic Ray Inspection and Passive Tomography (CRIPT) project has recently started investigating the detection of illicit Special Nuclear Material in cargo using cosmic ray muon tomography and complementary neutron detectors. We are currently performing simulation studies to help with the design of small scale prototypes. Based on the prototype tests and refined simulations, we will determine whether the muon tracking system for the full scale prototype will be based on drift chambers or extruded scintillator trackers. An analysis of the operations of the Port of Montreal has determined how long muon scan times should take if all or a subset of the cargo is to be screened. As long as the throughput of the muon system(s) is equal to the rate at which containers are unloaded from ships, the impact on port operations would not be great if a muon scanning stage were required for all cargo. We also show preliminary simulation results indicating that excellent separation between Al, Fe and Pb is possible under ideal conditions. The discrimination power is reduced but still significant when realistic momentum resolution measurements are considered.

  15. 77 FR 35993 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Cargo Container and Road Vehicle Certification for...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-06-15

    ... Activities: Cargo Container and Road Vehicle Certification for Transport Under Customs Seal AGENCY: U.S... Paperwork Reduction Act: Cargo Container and Road Vehicle for Transport under Customs Seal. This is a.... Title: Cargo Container and Road Vehicle for Transport under Customs Seal. OMB Number: 1651-0124. Form...

  16. 33 CFR 105.265 - Security measures for handling cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ..., containers, or other cargo transport units entering the facility match the delivery note or equivalent cargo..., containers or other cargo transport units, and cargo storage areas within the facility for evidence of... cargo. 105.265 Section 105.265 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND...

  17. 33 CFR 105.265 - Security measures for handling cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ..., containers, or other cargo transport units entering the facility match the delivery note or equivalent cargo..., containers or other cargo transport units, and cargo storage areas within the facility for evidence of... cargo. 105.265 Section 105.265 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND...

  18. 33 CFR 105.265 - Security measures for handling cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ..., containers, or other cargo transport units entering the facility match the delivery note or equivalent cargo..., containers or other cargo transport units, and cargo storage areas within the facility for evidence of... cargo. 105.265 Section 105.265 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND...

  19. 33 CFR 105.265 - Security measures for handling cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ..., containers, or other cargo transport units entering the facility match the delivery note or equivalent cargo..., containers or other cargo transport units, and cargo storage areas within the facility for evidence of... cargo. 105.265 Section 105.265 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND...

  20. 33 CFR 105.265 - Security measures for handling cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ..., containers, or other cargo transport units entering the facility match the delivery note or equivalent cargo..., containers or other cargo transport units, and cargo storage areas within the facility for evidence of... cargo. 105.265 Section 105.265 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND...

  1. Fire safety evaluation of aircraft lavatory and cargo compartments

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kourtides, D. A.; Parker, J. A.; Hilado, C. J.; Anderson, R. A.; Tustin, E.; Arnold, D. B.; Gaume, J. G.; Binding, A. T.; Mikeska, J. L.

    1976-01-01

    A program of experimental fires has been carried out to assess fire containment and other fire hazards in lavatory and cargo compartments of wide-body jet aircraft by evaluation of ignition time, burn-through time, fire spread rate, smoke density, evolution of selected combustible and toxic gases, heat flux, and detector response. Two tests were conducted: one involving a standard Boeing 747 lavatory and one involving a simulated DC-10 cargo compartment. A production lavatory module was furnished with conventional materials and was installed in an enclosure. The ignition load was four polyethylene bags containing paper and plastic waste materials representive of a maximum flight cabin waste load. Standard aircraft ventilation conditions were utilized and the lavatory door was closed during the test. Lavatory wall and ceiling panels contained the fire spread during the 30-minute test. Smoke was driven into the enclosure primarily through the ventilation grille in the door and through the gaps between the bifold door and the jamb where the door distorted from the heat earlier in the test. The interior of the lavatory was almost completely destroyed by the fire.

  2. 76 FR 72715 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Cargo Manifest/Declaration, Stow Plan, Container Status...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-25

    ... Activities: Cargo Manifest/ Declaration, Stow Plan, Container Status Messages and Importer Security Filing... concerning the following information collection. Title: Cargo Manifest/Declaration, Stow Plan, Container... and other Federal agencies to comment on an information collection requirement concerning the Cargo...

  3. 77 FR 6135 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Cargo Manifest/Declaration, Stow Plan, Container Status...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-02-07

    ... Activities: Cargo Manifest/ Declaration, Stow Plan, Container Status Messages and Importer Security Filing... the Paperwork Reduction Act: Cargo Manifest/Declaration, Stow Plan, Container Status Messages and..., mechanical, or other technological techniques or other forms of information. Title: Cargo Manifest...

  4. 77 FR 3487 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Transfer of Cargo to a Container Station

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-01-24

    ... Activities: Transfer of Cargo to a Container Station AGENCY: U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP... requirement concerning Transfer of Cargo to a Container Station. This request for comment is being made... cargo. In accordance with 19 CFR 19.42, the container station operator may make a request for the...

  5. 29 CFR Appendix I to Part 1917 - Special Cargo Gear and Container Spreader Test Requirements (Mandatory) [see § 1917.50(c)(5)

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 7 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Special Cargo Gear and Container Spreader Test Requirements.... I Appendix I to Part 1917—Special Cargo Gear and Container Spreader Test Requirements (Mandatory... 3. Intermodal container spreaders not part of vessel's cargo handling gear Prior to initial use...

  6. 29 CFR Appendix I to Part 1917 - Special Cargo Gear and Container Spreader Test Requirements (Mandatory) [see § 1917.50(c)(5)

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 7 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Special Cargo Gear and Container Spreader Test Requirements.... I Appendix I to Part 1917—Special Cargo Gear and Container Spreader Test Requirements (Mandatory... 3. Intermodal container spreaders not part of vessel's cargo handling gear Prior to initial use...

  7. 29 CFR Appendix I to Part 1917 - Special Cargo Gear and Container Spreader Test Requirements (Mandatory) [see § 1917.50(c)(5)

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 7 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Special Cargo Gear and Container Spreader Test Requirements.... I Appendix I to Part 1917—Special Cargo Gear and Container Spreader Test Requirements (Mandatory... 3. Intermodal container spreaders not part of vessel's cargo handling gear Prior to initial use...

  8. Fire safety evaluation of aircraft lavatory and cargo compartments

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kourtides, D. A.; Parker, J. A.; Hilado, C. J.; Anderson, R. A.; Tustin, E.; Arnold, D. E.; Gaume, J. G.; Binding, A. T.; Mikeska, J. L.

    1975-01-01

    Large-scale aircraft lavatory and cargo compartment fire tests are described. Tests were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of these compartments to contain fire and smoke. Two tests were conducted and are detailed. Test 1 involved a production Boeing 747 lavatory of the latest design installed in an enclosure outside the aircraft, to collect gases and expose animals to these gases. Results indicate that the interior of the lavatory was completely burned, evolving smoke and combustion products in the enclosure. Test 2 involved a simulated Douglas DC-10 cargo compartment retro-fitted with standard fiberglass liner. The fire caused excessive damage to the liner and burned through the ceiling in two areas. Test objectives, methods, materials, and results are presented and discussed.

  9. Compressed Sensing Techniques Applied to Ultrasonic Imaging of Cargo Containers.

    PubMed

    López, Yuri Álvarez; Lorenzo, José Ángel Martínez

    2017-01-15

    One of the key issues in the fight against the smuggling of goods has been the development of scanners for cargo inspection. X-ray-based radiographic system scanners are the most developed sensing modality. However, they are costly and use bulky sources that emit hazardous, ionizing radiation. Aiming to improve the probability of threat detection, an ultrasonic-based technique, capable of detecting the footprint of metallic containers or compartments concealed within the metallic structure of the inspected cargo, has been proposed. The system consists of an array of acoustic transceivers that is attached to the metallic structure-under-inspection, creating a guided acoustic Lamb wave. Reflections due to discontinuities are detected in the images, provided by an imaging algorithm. Taking into consideration that the majority of those images are sparse, this contribution analyzes the application of Compressed Sensing (CS) techniques in order to reduce the amount of measurements needed, thus achieving faster scanning, without compromising the detection capabilities of the system. A parametric study of the image quality, as a function of the samples needed in spatial and frequency domains, is presented, as well as the dependence on the sampling pattern. For this purpose, realistic cargo inspection scenarios have been simulated.

  10. Compressed Sensing Techniques Applied to Ultrasonic Imaging of Cargo Containers

    PubMed Central

    Álvarez López, Yuri; Martínez Lorenzo, José Ángel

    2017-01-01

    One of the key issues in the fight against the smuggling of goods has been the development of scanners for cargo inspection. X-ray-based radiographic system scanners are the most developed sensing modality. However, they are costly and use bulky sources that emit hazardous, ionizing radiation. Aiming to improve the probability of threat detection, an ultrasonic-based technique, capable of detecting the footprint of metallic containers or compartments concealed within the metallic structure of the inspected cargo, has been proposed. The system consists of an array of acoustic transceivers that is attached to the metallic structure-under-inspection, creating a guided acoustic Lamb wave. Reflections due to discontinuities are detected in the images, provided by an imaging algorithm. Taking into consideration that the majority of those images are sparse, this contribution analyzes the application of Compressed Sensing (CS) techniques in order to reduce the amount of measurements needed, thus achieving faster scanning, without compromising the detection capabilities of the system. A parametric study of the image quality, as a function of the samples needed in spatial and frequency domains, is presented, as well as the dependence on the sampling pattern. For this purpose, realistic cargo inspection scenarios have been simulated. PMID:28098841

  11. 29 CFR Appendix IV to Part 1918 - Special Cargo Gear and Container Spreader Test Requirements (Mandatory) [see § 1918.61 (f), (g...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 7 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Special Cargo Gear and Container Spreader Test Requirements... REGULATIONS FOR LONGSHORING Pt. 1918, App. IV Appendix IV to Part 1918—Special Cargo Gear and Container... structural damage repair 3. Intermodal container spreaders not part of vessel's cargo handling gear Prior to...

  12. 29 CFR Appendix IV to Part 1918 - Special Cargo Gear and Container Spreader Test Requirements (Mandatory) [see § 1918.61 (f), (g...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 7 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Special Cargo Gear and Container Spreader Test Requirements... REGULATIONS FOR LONGSHORING Pt. 1918, App. IV Appendix IV to Part 1918—Special Cargo Gear and Container... structural damage repair 3. Intermodal container spreaders not part of vessel's cargo handling gear Prior to...

  13. 29 CFR Appendix IV to Part 1918 - Special Cargo Gear and Container Spreader Test Requirements (Mandatory) [see § 1918.61 (f), (g...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 7 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Special Cargo Gear and Container Spreader Test Requirements... REGULATIONS FOR LONGSHORING Pt. 1918, App. IV Appendix IV to Part 1918—Special Cargo Gear and Container... structural damage repair 3. Intermodal container spreaders not part of vessel's cargo handling gear Prior to...

  14. 15 CFR Appendix F to Part 30 - FTR to FTSR Concordance

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ..., aircraft, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers 30.33 Vessels, planes, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers sold foreign. 30.27 Return of exported cargo to the United States prior to reaching... transactions. 30.26 Reporting of vessels, aircraft, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers 30.33 Vessels...

  15. 49 CFR 176.192 - Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Cargo handling equipment for freight containers...) Materials Handling Class 1 (explosive) Materials in Port § 176.192 Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials. (a) Except in an emergency, only cargo handling equipment...

  16. 49 CFR 176.192 - Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cargo handling equipment for freight containers...) Materials Handling Class 1 (explosive) Materials in Port § 176.192 Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials. (a) Except in an emergency, only cargo handling equipment...

  17. 49 CFR 176.192 - Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Cargo handling equipment for freight containers...) Materials Handling Class 1 (explosive) Materials in Port § 176.192 Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials. (a) Except in an emergency, only cargo handling equipment...

  18. 49 CFR 176.192 - Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Cargo handling equipment for freight containers...) Materials Handling Class 1 (explosive) Materials in Port § 176.192 Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials. (a) Except in an emergency, only cargo handling equipment...

  19. 49 CFR 176.192 - Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Cargo handling equipment for freight containers...) Materials Handling Class 1 (explosive) Materials in Port § 176.192 Cargo handling equipment for freight containers carrying Class 1 (explosive) materials. (a) Except in an emergency, only cargo handling equipment...

  20. Study on the multi-sensors monitoring and information fusion technology of dangerous cargo container

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Xu, Shibo; Zhang, Shuhui; Cao, Wensheng

    2017-10-01

    In this paper, monitoring system of dangerous cargo container based on multi-sensors is presented. In order to improve monitoring accuracy, multi-sensors will be applied inside of dangerous cargo container. Multi-sensors information fusion solution of monitoring dangerous cargo container is put forward, and information pre-processing, the fusion algorithm of homogenous sensors and information fusion based on BP neural network are illustrated, applying multi-sensors in the field of container monitoring has some novelty.

  1. Detection of fissionable material in cargo containers using active neutron interrogation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Church, Jennifer

    2006-10-01

    Roughly 6 million cargo containers will be shipped to U.S. seaports in a single year, each container carrying up to 30 tons of freight in varied configurations. Highly enriched uranium and other fissionable material concealed inside these containers is a challenge for existing portal monitors, due in part to the attenuation of signals in the cargo. A system is currently being developed to overcome these challenges without slowing the flow of commerce through the port, keeping the likelihood of false-negative and false- positive detections to a minimum. The technique utilizes a neutron beam to induce fission, and a wall of plastic scintillators to detect subsequent delayed high-energy γ- rays after β-decay of the fission products Decay curves utilizing these delayed γ-rays with energies above 3 MeV are an efficient diagnostic. New experimental work using a 3-7 MeV broad spectrum neutron source will be presented and compared to simulations and past experimental results. This work is performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory contract No. W-7405-Eng-4, UCRL-ABS-219231. E.B.,orman et al., Nucl. Instr. Methods Phys. Res. A, 521, 608 (2004).

  2. System for inspection of stacked cargo containers

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Derenzo, Stephen

    The present invention relates to a system for inspection of stacked cargo containers. One embodiment of the invention generally comprises a plurality of stacked cargo containers arranged in rows or tiers, each container having a top, a bottom a first side, a second side, a front end, and a back end; a plurality of spacers arranged in rows or tiers; one or more mobile inspection devices for inspecting the cargo containers, wherein the one or more inspection devices are removeably disposed within the spacers, the inspection means configured to move through the spacers to detect radiation within the containers. Themore » invented system can also be configured to inspect the cargo containers for a variety of other potentially hazardous materials including but not limited to explosive and chemical threats.« less

  3. Controlling Cargo Trafficking in Multicomponent Membranes.

    PubMed

    Curk, Tine; Wirnsberger, Peter; Dobnikar, Jure; Frenkel, Daan; Šarić, Anđela

    2018-04-27

    Biological membranes typically contain a large number of different components dispersed in small concentrations in the main membrane phase, including proteins, sugars, and lipids of varying geometrical properties. Most of these components do not bind the cargo. Here, we show that such "inert" components can be crucial for the precise control of cross-membrane trafficking. Using a statistical mechanics model and molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that the presence of inert membrane components of small isotropic curvatures dramatically influences cargo endocytosis, even if the total spontaneous curvature of such a membrane remains unchanged. Curved lipids, such as cholesterol, as well as asymmetrically included proteins and tethered sugars can, therefore, actively participate in the control of the membrane trafficking of nanoscopic cargo. We find that even a low-level expression of curved inert membrane components can determine the membrane selectivity toward the cargo size and can be used to selectively target membranes of certain compositions. Our results suggest a robust and general method of controlling cargo trafficking by adjusting the membrane composition without needing to alter the concentration of receptors or the average membrane curvature. This study indicates that cells can prepare for any trafficking event by incorporating curved inert components in either of the membrane leaflets.

  4. Mobile TNA system to detect explosives and drugs concealed in cars and trucks

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bendahan, Joseph; Gozani, Tsahi

    1998-12-01

    The drug problem in the U.S. is serious and efforts to fight it are constrained by the lack of adequate means to curb the inflow of smuggled narcotics into the country through cargo containers. Also, events such as the disastrous explosion in Oklahoma City, the IRA bombing in London, and the bombing of the U.S. military residence in Dharan make the development of new tools for the detection of explosives and drugs in vehicles imperative. Thermal neutron analysis (TNA) technology, developed for the detection of explosives in suitcases, and detection of landmines and unexploded ordnance is presently being applied to the nonintrusive detection of significant amounts of explosives and drugs concealed in cars, trucks and large cargo containers. TNA technology is based on the analysis of characteristic gamma rays emitted following thermal neutron capture. A TNA system can be used in a variety of operational scenarios, such as inspection before an unloaded cargo container from a spit is moved to temporary storage, inspection of trucks unloaded from a ferry, or inspection of vehicles parked close to Federal building or military bases. This paper will discuss the detection process and operational scenarios, and will present results from recent simulations and measurements.

  5. 29 CFR 1917.71 - Terminals handling intermodal containers or roll-on roll-off operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... pounds; (2) The maximum cargo weight the container is designed to carry, in pounds; and (3) The sum of the weight of the container and the cargo, in pounds. (b) No container shall be hoisted by any crane... any, that such container is empty. Methods of identification may include cargo plans, manifests or...

  6. 29 CFR 1917.71 - Terminals handling intermodal containers or roll-on roll-off operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... pounds; (2) The maximum cargo weight the container is designed to carry, in pounds; and (3) The sum of the weight of the container and the cargo, in pounds. (b) No container shall be hoisted by any crane... any, that such container is empty. Methods of identification may include cargo plans, manifests or...

  7. 29 CFR 1917.71 - Terminals handling intermodal containers or roll-on roll-off operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... pounds; (2) The maximum cargo weight the container is designed to carry, in pounds; and (3) The sum of the weight of the container and the cargo, in pounds. (b) No container shall be hoisted by any crane... any, that such container is empty. Methods of identification may include cargo plans, manifests or...

  8. 29 CFR 1917.71 - Terminals handling intermodal containers or roll-on roll-off operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... pounds; (2) The maximum cargo weight the container is designed to carry, in pounds; and (3) The sum of the weight of the container and the cargo, in pounds. (b) No container shall be hoisted by any crane... any, that such container is empty. Methods of identification may include cargo plans, manifests or...

  9. 29 CFR 1917.71 - Terminals handling intermodal containers or roll-on roll-off operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... pounds; (2) The maximum cargo weight the container is designed to carry, in pounds; and (3) The sum of the weight of the container and the cargo, in pounds. (b) No container shall be hoisted by any crane... any, that such container is empty. Methods of identification may include cargo plans, manifests or...

  10. 33 CFR 104.275 - Security measures for handling cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... documentation, or that cargo markings or container numbers match the information provided with shipping..., container, or other cargo transport units are loaded; (3) Intensifying screening of vehicles to be loaded on... cargo. 104.275 Section 104.275 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND...

  11. 33 CFR 104.275 - Security measures for handling cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... documentation, or that cargo markings or container numbers match the information provided with shipping..., container, or other cargo transport units are loaded; (3) Intensifying screening of vehicles to be loaded on... cargo. 104.275 Section 104.275 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND...

  12. 33 CFR 104.275 - Security measures for handling cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... documentation, or that cargo markings or container numbers match the information provided with shipping..., container, or other cargo transport units are loaded; (3) Intensifying screening of vehicles to be loaded on... cargo. 104.275 Section 104.275 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND...

  13. 33 CFR 104.275 - Security measures for handling cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... documentation, or that cargo markings or container numbers match the information provided with shipping..., container, or other cargo transport units are loaded; (3) Intensifying screening of vehicles to be loaded on... cargo. 104.275 Section 104.275 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND...

  14. 76 FR 44977 - Shipping Coordinating Committee; Notice of Committee Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-27

    ... packing of cargo transport units. --Consideration for the efficacy of Container Inspection Programme... Dangerous Goods, Solid Cargoes and Containers (DSC 16) to be held at IMO Headquarters, London, United... Solid Bulk Cargoes Code (IMSBC Code) including evaluation of properties of solid bulk cargos. --Casualty...

  15. 33 CFR 104.275 - Security measures for handling cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... documentation, or that cargo markings or container numbers match the information provided with shipping..., container, or other cargo transport units are loaded; (3) Intensifying screening of vehicles to be loaded on... cargo. 104.275 Section 104.275 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND...

  16. Simulations of Multi-Gamma Coincidences From Neutron-Induced Fission in Special Nuclear Materials

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kane, Steven; Gozani, Tsahi; King, Michael J.; Kwong, John; Brown, Craig; Gary, Charles; Firestone, Murray I.; Nikkel, James A.; McKinsey, Daniel N.

    2013-04-01

    A study is presented on the detection of illicit special nuclear materials (SNM) in cargo containers using a conceptual neutron-based inspection system with xenon-doped liquefied argon (LAr(Xe)) scintillation detectors for coincidence gamma-ray detection. For robustness, the system is envisioned to exploit all fission signatures, namely both prompt and delayed neutron and gamma emissions from fission reactions induced in SNM. However, this paper focuses exclusively on the analysis of the prompt gamma ray emissions. The inspection system probes a container using neutrons produced either by (d, D) or (d, T) in pulsed form or from an associated particle neutron generator to exploit the associated particle imaging (API) technique, thereby achieving background reduction and imaging. Simulated signal and background estimates were obtained in MCNPX (2.7) for a 2 kg sphere of enriched uranium positioned at the center of a 1m × 1m × 1m container, which is filled uniformly with wood or iron cargos at 0.1 g/cc or 0.4 g/cc. Detection time estimates are reported assuming probabilities of detection of 95% and false alarm of 0.5%.

  17. 46 CFR 154.1200 - Mechanical ventilation system: General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... gas-safe space in the cargo area. (4) Each space that contains inert gas generators, except main...) Each cargo compressor room, pump room, gas-dangerous cargo control station, and space that contains... following must have a supply-type mechanical ventilation system: (1) Each space that contains electric...

  18. Monte Carlo parametric studies of neutron interrogation with the Associated Particle Technique for cargo container inspections

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Deyglun, Clément; Carasco, Cédric; Pérot, Bertrand

    2014-06-01

    The detection of Special Nuclear Materials (SNM) by neutron interrogation is extensively studied by Monte Carlo simulation at the Nuclear Measurement Laboratory of CEA Cadarache (French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission). The active inspection system is based on the Associated Particle Technique (APT). Fissions induced by tagged neutrons (i.e. correlated to an alpha particle in the DT neutron generator) in SNM produce high multiplicity coincidences which are detected with fast plastic scintillators. At least three particles are detected in a short time window following the alpha detection, whereas nonnuclear materials mainly produce single events, or pairs due to (n,2n) and (n,n'γ) reactions. To study the performances of an industrial cargo container inspection system, Monte Carlo simulations are performed with the MCNP-PoliMi transport code, which records for each neutron history the relevant information: reaction types, position and time of interactions, energy deposits, secondary particles, etc. The output files are post-processed with a specific tool developed with ROOT data analysis software. Particles not correlated with an alpha particle (random background), counting statistics, and time-energy resolutions of the data acquisition system are taken into account in the numerical model. Various matrix compositions, suspicious items, SNM shielding and positions inside the container, are simulated to assess the performances and limitations of an industrial system.

  19. 76 FR 22717 - Collection of Information Under Review by Office of Management and Budget

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-22

    ... Permit to Handle Hazardous Materials, 1625-0024, Safety Approval of Cargo Containers, 1625-0036, Plan.... 2. Title: Safety Approval of Cargo Containers. OMB Control Number: 1625-0024. Type of Request... collection is associated with requirements for owners and manufacturers of cargo containers to submit...

  20. Cargo container inspection test program at ARPA's Nonintrusive Inspection Technology Testbed

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Volberding, Roy W.; Khan, Siraj M.

    1994-10-01

    An x-ray-based cargo inspection system test program is being conducted at the Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA)-sponsored Nonintrusive Inspection Technology Testbed (NITT) located in the Port of Tacoma, Washington. The test program seeks to determine the performance that can be expected from a dual, high-energy x-ray cargo inspection system when inspecting ISO cargo containers. This paper describes an intensive, three-month, system test involving two independent test groups, one representing the criminal smuggling element and the other representing the law enforcement community. The first group, the `Red Team', prepares ISO containers for inspection at an off-site facility. An algorithm randomly selects and indicates the positions and preparation of cargoes within a container. The prepared container is dispatched to the NITT for inspection by the `Blue Team'. After in-gate processing, it is queued for examination. The Blue Team inspects the container and decides whether or not to pass the container. The shipment undergoes out-gate processing and returns to the Red Team. The results of the inspection are recorded for subsequent analysis. The test process, including its governing protocol, the cargoes, container preparation, the examination and results available at the time of submission are presented.

  1. Software For Nearly Optimal Packing Of Cargo

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Fennel, Theron R.; Daughtrey, Rodney S.; Schwaab, Doug G.

    1994-01-01

    PACKMAN computer program used to find nearly optimal arrangements of cargo items in storage containers, subject to such multiple packing objectives as utilization of volumes of containers, utilization of containers up to limits on weights, and other considerations. Automatic packing algorithm employed attempts to find best positioning of cargo items in container, such that volume and weight capacity of container both utilized to maximum extent possible. Written in Common LISP.

  2. Detection Of Special Nuclear Materials Tagged Neutrons

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Deyglun, Clement; Perot, Bertrand; Carasco, Cedric

    In order to detect Special Nuclear Materials (SNM) in unattended luggage or cargo containers in the field of homeland security, fissions are induced by 14 MeV neutrons produced by an associated particle DT neutron generator, and prompt fission particles correlated with tagged neutron are detected by plastic scintillators. SMN produce high multiplicity events due to induced fissions, whereas nonnuclear materials produce low multiplicity events due to cross-talk, (n,2n) or (n,n'γ) reactions. The data acquisition electronics is made of compact FPGA boards. The coincidence window is triggered by the alpha particle detection, allowing to tag the emission date and direction ofmore » the 14 MeV interrogating neutron. The first part of the paper presents experiment vs. calculation comparisons to validate MCNP-PoliMi simulations and the post-processing tools developed with the data analysis framework ROOT. Measurements have been performed using different targets (iron, lead, graphite), first with small plastic scintillators (10 x 10 x 10 cm{sup 3}) and then with large detectors (10 x 10 x 100 cm{sup 3}) to demonstrate that nuclear materials can be differentiated from nonnuclear dense materials (iron, lead) in iron and wood matrixes. A special attention is paid on SNM detection in abandoned luggage. In the second part of the paper, the performances of a cargo container inspection system are studied by numerical simulation, following previous work reported in. Detectors dimensions and shielding against the neutron generator background are optimized for container inspection. Events not correlated to an alpha particle (uncorrelated background), counting statistics, time and energy resolutions of the data acquisition system are all taken into account in a realistic numerical model. The impact of the container matrix (iron, ceramic, wood) has been investigated by studying the system capability to detect a few kilograms of SNM in different positions in the cargo container, within 10 min acquisitions. (authors)« less

  3. 46 CFR 154.1210 - Hold space, void space, cofferdam, and spaces containing cargo piping.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Hold space, void space, cofferdam, and spaces containing... Design, Construction and Equipment Cargo Area: Mechanical Ventilation System § 154.1210 Hold space, void space, cofferdam, and spaces containing cargo piping. (a) Each hold space, void space, cofferdam, and...

  4. 46 CFR 154.1210 - Hold space, void space, cofferdam, and spaces containing cargo piping.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Hold space, void space, cofferdam, and spaces containing... Design, Construction and Equipment Cargo Area: Mechanical Ventilation System § 154.1210 Hold space, void space, cofferdam, and spaces containing cargo piping. (a) Each hold space, void space, cofferdam, and...

  5. 46 CFR 154.1210 - Hold space, void space, cofferdam, and spaces containing cargo piping.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Hold space, void space, cofferdam, and spaces containing... Design, Construction and Equipment Cargo Area: Mechanical Ventilation System § 154.1210 Hold space, void space, cofferdam, and spaces containing cargo piping. (a) Each hold space, void space, cofferdam, and...

  6. 46 CFR 154.1210 - Hold space, void space, cofferdam, and spaces containing cargo piping.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Hold space, void space, cofferdam, and spaces containing... Design, Construction and Equipment Cargo Area: Mechanical Ventilation System § 154.1210 Hold space, void space, cofferdam, and spaces containing cargo piping. (a) Each hold space, void space, cofferdam, and...

  7. 46 CFR 154.1210 - Hold space, void space, cofferdam, and spaces containing cargo piping.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hold space, void space, cofferdam, and spaces containing... Design, Construction and Equipment Cargo Area: Mechanical Ventilation System § 154.1210 Hold space, void space, cofferdam, and spaces containing cargo piping. (a) Each hold space, void space, cofferdam, and...

  8. 15 CFR 30.26 - Reporting of vessels, aircraft, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... vehicles, trailers, pallets, cargo vans, lift vans, or similar shipping containers are not considered... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Reporting of vessels, aircraft, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers. 30.26 Section 30.26 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations...

  9. 77 FR 21579 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Transfer of Cargo to a Container Station

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-10

    ... Activities: Transfer of Cargo to a Container Station AGENCY: U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department... Budget (OMB) for review and approval in accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act: Transfer of Cargo to a Container Station. This is a proposed extension of an information collection that was previously...

  10. 15 CFR 30.26 - Reporting of vessels, aircraft, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... vehicles, trailers, pallets, cargo vans, lift vans, or similar shipping containers are not considered... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Reporting of vessels, aircraft, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers. 30.26 Section 30.26 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations...

  11. 15 CFR 30.26 - Reporting of vessels, aircraft, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... vehicles, trailers, pallets, cargo vans, lift vans, or similar shipping containers are not considered... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Reporting of vessels, aircraft, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers. 30.26 Section 30.26 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations...

  12. 15 CFR 30.26 - Reporting of vessels, aircraft, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... vehicles, trailers, pallets, cargo vans, lift vans, or similar shipping containers are not considered... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Reporting of vessels, aircraft, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers. 30.26 Section 30.26 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations...

  13. 15 CFR 30.26 - Reporting of vessels, aircraft, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... vehicles, trailers, pallets, cargo vans, lift vans, or similar shipping containers are not considered... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Reporting of vessels, aircraft, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers. 30.26 Section 30.26 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations...

  14. Development of Decision Making Algorithm for Control of Sea Cargo Containers by ``TAGGED'' Neutron Method

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Anan'ev, A. A.; Belichenko, S. G.; Bogolyubov, E. P.; Bochkarev, O. V.; Petrov, E. V.; Polishchuk, A. M.; Udaltsov, A. Yu.

    2009-12-01

    Nowadays in Russia and abroad there are several groups of scientists, engaged in development of systems based on "tagged" neutron method (API method) and intended for detection of dangerous materials, including high explosives (HE). Particular attention is paid to possibility of detection of dangerous objects inside a sea cargo container. Energy gamma-spectrum, registered from object under inspection is used for determination of oxygen/carbon and nitrogen/carbon chemical ratios, according to which dangerous object is distinguished from not dangerous one. Material of filled container, however, gives rise to additional effects of rescattering and moderation of 14 MeV primary neutrons of generator, attenuation of secondary gamma-radiation from reactions of inelastic neutron scattering on objects under inspection. These effects lead to distortion of energy gamma-response from examined object and therefore prevent correct recognition of chemical ratios. These difficulties are taken into account in analytical method, presented in the paper. Method has been validated against experimental data, obtained by the system for HE detection in sea cargo, based on API method and developed in VNIIA. Influence of shielding materials on results of HE detection and identification is considered. Wood and iron were used as shielding materials. Results of method application for analysis of experimental data on HE simulator measurement (tetryl, trotyl, hexogen) are presented.

  15. 46 CFR 154.1200 - Mechanical ventilation system: General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ...) Each cargo compressor room, pump room, gas-dangerous cargo control station, and space that contains... motors for cargo handling equipment. (2) Each gas-safe cargo control station in the cargo area. (3) Each...

  16. 46 CFR 154.1200 - Mechanical ventilation system: General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ...) Each cargo compressor room, pump room, gas-dangerous cargo control station, and space that contains... motors for cargo handling equipment. (2) Each gas-safe cargo control station in the cargo area. (3) Each...

  17. 46 CFR 154.1200 - Mechanical ventilation system: General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ...) Each cargo compressor room, pump room, gas-dangerous cargo control station, and space that contains... motors for cargo handling equipment. (2) Each gas-safe cargo control station in the cargo area. (3) Each...

  18. Aviation security cargo inspection queuing simulation model for material flow and accountability

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Olama, Mohammed M; Allgood, Glenn O; Rose, Terri A

    Beginning in 2010, the U.S. will require that all cargo loaded in passenger aircraft be inspected. This will require more efficient processing of cargo and will have a significant impact on the inspection protocols and business practices of government agencies and the airlines. In this paper, we develop an aviation security cargo inspection queuing simulation model for material flow and accountability that will allow cargo managers to conduct impact studies of current and proposed business practices as they relate to inspection procedures, material flow, and accountability.

  19. 46 CFR 232.5 - Income Statement Accounts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... as terminal operations, cargo equipment, fleet operations, cargo pooling agreements, container... revenue from pooling agreements, terminal services provided to others, and cargo handling services performed for others; cargo equipment rentals, and repairs to cargo equipment belonging to others; agency...

  20. 46 CFR 232.5 - Income Statement Accounts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... as terminal operations, cargo equipment, fleet operations, cargo pooling agreements, container... revenue from pooling agreements, terminal services provided to others, and cargo handling services performed for others; cargo equipment rentals, and repairs to cargo equipment belonging to others; agency...

  1. 46 CFR 232.5 - Income Statement Accounts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... as terminal operations, cargo equipment, fleet operations, cargo pooling agreements, container... revenue from pooling agreements, terminal services provided to others, and cargo handling services performed for others; cargo equipment rentals, and repairs to cargo equipment belonging to others; agency...

  2. 46 CFR 232.5 - Income Statement Accounts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... as terminal operations, cargo equipment, fleet operations, cargo pooling agreements, container... revenue from pooling agreements, terminal services provided to others, and cargo handling services performed for others; cargo equipment rentals, and repairs to cargo equipment belonging to others; agency...

  3. 33 CFR 126.15 - What conditions must a designated waterfront facility meet?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... NFPA 307, chapter 5. (2) Containers. Containers packed with dangerous cargo that are vertically stacked... HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) WATERFRONT FACILITIES HANDLING OF DANGEROUS CARGO AT WATERFRONT FACILITIES... facility transfers dangerous cargo between sunset and sunrise, it must have outdoor lighting that...

  4. 33 CFR 126.15 - What conditions must a designated waterfront facility meet?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... NFPA 307, chapter 5. (2) Containers. Containers packed with dangerous cargo that are vertically stacked... HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) WATERFRONT FACILITIES HANDLING OF DANGEROUS CARGO AT WATERFRONT FACILITIES... facility transfers dangerous cargo between sunset and sunrise, it must have outdoor lighting that...

  5. 33 CFR 126.15 - What conditions must a designated waterfront facility meet?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... NFPA 307, chapter 5. (2) Containers. Containers packed with dangerous cargo that are vertically stacked... HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) WATERFRONT FACILITIES HANDLING OF DANGEROUS CARGO AT WATERFRONT FACILITIES... facility transfers dangerous cargo between sunset and sunrise, it must have outdoor lighting that...

  6. 33 CFR 126.15 - What conditions must a designated waterfront facility meet?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... NFPA 307, chapter 5. (2) Containers. Containers packed with dangerous cargo that are vertically stacked... HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) WATERFRONT FACILITIES HANDLING OF DANGEROUS CARGO AT WATERFRONT FACILITIES... facility transfers dangerous cargo between sunset and sunrise, it must have outdoor lighting that...

  7. 33 CFR 126.15 - What conditions must a designated waterfront facility meet?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... NFPA 307, chapter 5. (2) Containers. Containers packed with dangerous cargo that are vertically stacked... HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) WATERFRONT FACILITIES HANDLING OF DANGEROUS CARGO AT WATERFRONT FACILITIES... facility transfers dangerous cargo between sunset and sunrise, it must have outdoor lighting that...

  8. Science and Technology Review May 2004

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Henson, V E

    2004-04-02

    This month's issue has the following articles: (1) ''A Multidisciplinary Attack on Bioterrorism''--Commentary by Tomas Diaz de la Rubia. (2) ''Life at the Nanoscale''--Livermore researchers are exploring the molecules of life at the nanoscale to fight bioterrorism, improve human health, and understand how proteins function. (3) ''Screening Cargo Containers to Remove a Terrorist Threat''--A detection system for cargo containers will search for hidden nuclear materials that terrorists might try to ship to U.S. seaports. (4) ''Improved Algorithms Speed It Up for Codes''--Recent changes to the algorithms used in Monte Carlo calculations are reducing the time needed to run the high-fidelitymore » simulations being developed for the nation's supercomputers. (5) ''The Siren Call of the Seas: Sequestering Carbon Dioxide''--Scientists at Livermore evaluate possible methods for removing carbon dioxide from Earth's atmosphere and storing it in the planet's waters.« less

  9. Monte Carlo analysis of megavoltage x-ray interaction-induced signal and noise in cadmium tungstate detectors for cargo container inspection

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kim, J.; Park, J.; Kim, J.; Kim, D. W.; Yun, S.; Lim, C. H.; Kim, H. K.

    2016-11-01

    For the purpose of designing an x-ray detector system for cargo container inspection, we have investigated the energy-absorption signal and noise in CdWO4 detectors for megavoltage x-ray photons. We describe the signal and noise measures, such as quantum efficiency, average energy absorption, Swank noise factor, and detective quantum efficiency (DQE), in terms of energy moments of absorbed energy distributions (AEDs) in a detector. The AED is determined by using a Monte Carlo simulation. The results show that the signal-related measures increase with detector thickness. However, the improvement of Swank noise factor with increasing thickness is weak, and this energy-absorption noise characteristic dominates the DQE performance. The energy-absorption noise mainly limits the signal-to-noise performance of CdWO4 detectors operated at megavoltage x-ray beam.

  10. Bi-stability in cooperative transport by ants in the presence of obstacles

    PubMed Central

    Pinkoviezky, Itai; Feinerman, Ofer

    2018-01-01

    To cooperatively carry large food items to the nest, individual ants conform their efforts and coordinate their motion. Throughout this expedition, collective motion is driven both by internal interactions between the carrying ants and a response to newly arrived informed ants that orient the cargo towards the nest. During the transport process, the carrying group must overcome obstacles that block their path to the nest. Here, we investigate the dynamics of cooperative transport, when the motion of the ants is frustrated by a linear obstacle that obstructs the motion of the cargo. The obstacle contains a narrow opening that serves as the only available passage to the nest, and through which single ants can pass but not with the cargo. We provide an analytical model for the ant-cargo system in the constrained environment that predicts a bi-stable dynamic behavior between an oscillatory mode of motion along the obstacle and a convergent mode of motion near the opening. Using both experiments and simulations, we show how for small cargo sizes, the system exhibits spontaneous transitions between these two modes of motion due to fluctuations in the applied force on the cargo. The bi-stability provides two possible problem solving strategies for overcoming the obstacle, either by attempting to pass through the opening, or take large excursions to circumvent the obstacle. PMID:29746457

  11. Bi-stability in cooperative transport by ants in the presence of obstacles.

    PubMed

    Ron, Jonathan E; Pinkoviezky, Itai; Fonio, Ehud; Feinerman, Ofer; Gov, Nir S

    2018-05-01

    To cooperatively carry large food items to the nest, individual ants conform their efforts and coordinate their motion. Throughout this expedition, collective motion is driven both by internal interactions between the carrying ants and a response to newly arrived informed ants that orient the cargo towards the nest. During the transport process, the carrying group must overcome obstacles that block their path to the nest. Here, we investigate the dynamics of cooperative transport, when the motion of the ants is frustrated by a linear obstacle that obstructs the motion of the cargo. The obstacle contains a narrow opening that serves as the only available passage to the nest, and through which single ants can pass but not with the cargo. We provide an analytical model for the ant-cargo system in the constrained environment that predicts a bi-stable dynamic behavior between an oscillatory mode of motion along the obstacle and a convergent mode of motion near the opening. Using both experiments and simulations, we show how for small cargo sizes, the system exhibits spontaneous transitions between these two modes of motion due to fluctuations in the applied force on the cargo. The bi-stability provides two possible problem solving strategies for overcoming the obstacle, either by attempting to pass through the opening, or take large excursions to circumvent the obstacle.

  12. 33 CFR 126.27 - General permit for handling dangerous cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ...) in bulk, portable tanks, containers, or packagings, at designated waterfront facilities, conditioned... bulk packaging; or Division 2.3 (Poison Gas) materials in excess of 72,800 kg (80 net tons) at any one... cargo in limited-quantity packaging. (e) Transport units and portable tanks containing dangerous cargo...

  13. 15 CFR Appendix F to Part 30 - FTR to FTSR Concordance

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ..., aircraft, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers 30.33 Vessels, planes, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers sold foreign. 30.27 Return of exported cargo to the United States prior to reaching...(d) Electronic Export Information filing standards. 30.5(e) Monitoring the filing of Electronic...

  14. 15 CFR Appendix F to Part 30 - FTR to FTSR Concordance

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ..., aircraft, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers 30.33 Vessels, planes, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers sold foreign. 30.27 Return of exported cargo to the United States prior to reaching...(d) Electronic Export Information filing standards. 30.5(e) Monitoring the filing of Electronic...

  15. 15 CFR Appendix F to Part 30 - FTR to FTSR Concordance

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ..., aircraft, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers 30.33 Vessels, planes, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers sold foreign. 30.27 Return of exported cargo to the United States prior to reaching...(d) Electronic Export Information filing standards. 30.5(e) Monitoring the filing of Electronic...

  16. 15 CFR Appendix F to Part 30 - FTR to FTSR Concordance

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ..., aircraft, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers 30.33 Vessels, planes, cargo vans, and other carriers and containers sold foreign. 30.27 Return of exported cargo to the United States prior to reaching...(d) Electronic Export Information filing standards. 30.5(e) Monitoring the filing of Electronic...

  17. 46 CFR 520.13 - Exemptions and exceptions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Pacific Slope states barging containers and containerized cargo by barge between points in the United... common carrier by water transporting the containers or containerized cargo under a through bill of lading...) The cargo is moving between a point in a foreign country or a non-contiguous State, territory, or...

  18. 29 CFR 1917.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... terminal and used with a vessel's cargo gear to load or unload by means of married falls. Inspection, as... examination of all visible parts of the device. Intermodal container means a reusable cargo container of a... terminal immediately adjacent to a vessel berth and used in the direct transfer of cargo between the...

  19. 29 CFR 1917.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... terminal and used with a vessel's cargo gear to load or unload by means of married falls. Inspection, as... examination of all visible parts of the device. Intermodal container means a reusable cargo container of a... terminal immediately adjacent to a vessel berth and used in the direct transfer of cargo between the...

  20. 29 CFR 1917.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... terminal and used with a vessel's cargo gear to load or unload by means of married falls. Inspection, as... examination of all visible parts of the device. Intermodal container means a reusable cargo container of a... terminal immediately adjacent to a vessel berth and used in the direct transfer of cargo between the...

  1. 46 CFR 520.13 - Exemptions and exceptions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Pacific Slope states barging containers and containerized cargo by barge between points in the United... common carrier by water transporting the containers or containerized cargo under a through bill of lading...) The cargo is moving between a point in a foreign country or a non-contiguous State, territory, or...

  2. 46 CFR 520.13 - Exemptions and exceptions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Pacific Slope states barging containers and containerized cargo by barge between points in the United... common carrier by water transporting the containers or containerized cargo under a through bill of lading...) The cargo is moving between a point in a foreign country or a non-contiguous State, territory, or...

  3. 49 CFR 178.320 - General requirements applicable to all DOT specification cargo tank motor vehicles.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ..., intermediate bulk containers, multi-unit tank car tanks, portable tanks, or tank cars. Cargo tank motor vehicle... specification cargo tank motor vehicles. 178.320 Section 178.320 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to... MATERIALS REGULATIONS SPECIFICATIONS FOR PACKAGINGS Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle...

  4. 49 CFR 178.320 - General requirements applicable to all DOT specification cargo tank motor vehicles.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ..., intermediate bulk containers, multi-unit tank car tanks, portable tanks, or tank cars. Cargo tank motor vehicle... specification cargo tank motor vehicles. 178.320 Section 178.320 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to... (CONTINUED) SPECIFICATIONS FOR PACKAGINGS Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation...

  5. 49 CFR 178.320 - General requirements applicable to all DOT specification cargo tank motor vehicles.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ..., intermediate bulk containers, multi-unit tank car tanks, portable tanks, or tank cars. Cargo tank motor vehicle... specification cargo tank motor vehicles. 178.320 Section 178.320 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to... (CONTINUED) SPECIFICATIONS FOR PACKAGINGS Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation...

  6. 46 CFR 520.13 - Exemptions and exceptions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Pacific Slope states barging containers and containerized cargo by barge between points in the United... common carrier by water transporting the containers or containerized cargo under a through bill of lading...) The cargo is moving between a point in a foreign country or a non-contiguous State, territory, or...

  7. 29 CFR 1917.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... terminal and used with a vessel's cargo gear to load or unload by means of married falls. Inspection, as... examination of all visible parts of the device. Intermodal container means a reusable cargo container of a... terminal immediately adjacent to a vessel berth and used in the direct transfer of cargo between the...

  8. 29 CFR 1917.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... terminal and used with a vessel's cargo gear to load or unload by means of married falls. Inspection, as... examination of all visible parts of the device. Intermodal container means a reusable cargo container of a... terminal immediately adjacent to a vessel berth and used in the direct transfer of cargo between the...

  9. 49 CFR 178.320 - General requirements applicable to all DOT specification cargo tank motor vehicles.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ..., intermediate bulk containers, multi-unit tank car tanks, portable tanks, or tank cars. Cargo tank motor vehicle... specification cargo tank motor vehicles. 178.320 Section 178.320 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to... (CONTINUED) SPECIFICATIONS FOR PACKAGINGS Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation...

  10. 49 CFR 178.320 - General requirements applicable to all DOT specification cargo tank motor vehicles.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ..., intermediate bulk containers, multi-unit tank car tanks, portable tanks, or tank cars. Cargo tank motor vehicle... specification cargo tank motor vehicles. 178.320 Section 178.320 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to... (CONTINUED) SPECIFICATIONS FOR PACKAGINGS Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation...

  11. DEVELOPMENT OF DECISION MAKING ALGORITHM FOR CONTROL OF SEA CARGO CONTAINERS BY 'TAGGED' NEUTRON METHOD

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Anan'ev, A. A.; Belichenko, S. G.; Bogolyubov, E. P.

    Nowadays in Russia and abroad there are several groups of scientists, engaged in development of systems based on 'tagged' neutron method (API method) and intended for detection of dangerous materials, including high explosives (HE). Particular attention is paid to possibility of detection of dangerous objects inside a sea cargo container. Energy gamma-spectrum, registered from object under inspection is used for determination of oxygen/carbon and nitrogen/carbon chemical ratios, according to which dangerous object is distinguished from not dangerous one. Material of filled container, however, gives rise to additional effects of rescattering and moderation of 14 MeV primary neutrons of generator, attenuationmore » of secondary gamma-radiation from reactions of inelastic neutron scattering on objects under inspection. These effects lead to distortion of energy gamma-response from examined object and therefore prevent correct recognition of chemical ratios. These difficulties are taken into account in analytical method, presented in the paper. Method has been validated against experimental data, obtained by the system for HE detection in sea cargo, based on API method and developed in VNIIA. Influence of shielding materials on results of HE detection and identification is considered. Wood and iron were used as shielding materials. Results of method application for analysis of experimental data on HE simulator measurement (tetryl, trotyl, hexogen) are presented.« less

  12. 46 CFR 153.235 - Exceptions to cargo piping location restrictions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Exceptions to cargo piping location restrictions. 153... DANGEROUS CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Design and Equipment Cargo Containment Systems § 153.235 Exceptions to cargo piping location restrictions...

  13. 46 CFR 153.235 - Exceptions to cargo piping location restrictions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Exceptions to cargo piping location restrictions. 153... DANGEROUS CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Design and Equipment Cargo Containment Systems § 153.235 Exceptions to cargo piping location restrictions...

  14. 14 CFR 121.583 - Carriage of persons without compliance with the passenger-carrying requirements of this part.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... confidential cargo; (v) The preservation of fragile or perishable cargo; (vi) Experiments on, or testing of, cargo containers or cargo handling devices; (vii) The operation of special equipment for loading or unloading cargo; and (viii) The loading or unloading of outsize cargo. (5) A person described in paragraph...

  15. 14 CFR 121.583 - Carriage of persons without compliance with the passenger-carrying requirements of this part.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... confidential cargo; (v) The preservation of fragile or perishable cargo; (vi) Experiments on, or testing of, cargo containers or cargo handling devices; (vii) The operation of special equipment for loading or unloading cargo; and (viii) The loading or unloading of outsize cargo. (5) A person described in paragraph...

  16. IP-1 Certification of Cargo Containers

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Hagler, Lisle

    The purpose and scope of this engineering note is to demonstrate that the structural design of the cargo container complies with the IP-1 container requirements of 49 CFR 173.410 as required by CFR 173.411.

  17. 46 CFR 151.15-1 - Tank types.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Tank types. 151.15-1 Section 151.15-1 Shipping COAST... LIQUID HAZARDOUS MATERIAL CARGOES Tanks § 151.15-1 Tank types. This section lists the definitions of the various tank types required for cargo containment by Table 151.05. (a) Integral. A cargo containment...

  18. 46 CFR 151.15-1 - Tank types.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Tank types. 151.15-1 Section 151.15-1 Shipping COAST... LIQUID HAZARDOUS MATERIAL CARGOES Tanks § 151.15-1 Tank types. This section lists the definitions of the various tank types required for cargo containment by Table 151.05. (a) Integral. A cargo containment...

  19. 7 CFR 354.3 - User fees for certain international services.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... vessel that transports cargo that is not contained in shipping containers. This does not include... Canada that do not carry cargo originating from countries other than the United States or Canada and do... railroad car, and no cargo is loaded or unloaded from the commercial railroad car, while the train is...

  20. 7 CFR 354.3 - User fees for certain international services.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... vessel that transports cargo that is not contained in shipping containers. This does not include... Canada that do not carry cargo originating from countries other than the United States or Canada and do... railroad car, and no cargo is loaded or unloaded from the commercial railroad car, while the train is...

  1. 7 CFR 354.3 - User fees for certain international services.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... vessel that transports cargo that is not contained in shipping containers. This does not include... Canada that do not carry cargo originating from countries other than the United States or Canada and do... railroad car, and no cargo is loaded or unloaded from the commercial railroad car, while the train is...

  2. 7 CFR 354.3 - User fees for certain international services.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... vessel that transports cargo that is not contained in shipping containers. This does not include... Canada that do not carry cargo originating from countries other than the United States or Canada and do... railroad car, and no cargo is loaded or unloaded from the commercial railroad car, while the train is...

  3. 49 CFR 172.336 - Identification numbers; special provisions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... accordance with § 172.542(c). (3) On cargo tanks They contain only fuel oil The cargo tank is marked “Fuel... petroleum distillate fuel The identification number for the liquid petroleum distillate fuel having the lowest flash point is displayed. If the cargo tank also contains gasoline and alcohol fuel blends...

  4. 7 CFR 1499.9 - Damage to or loss of commodities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... necessary to protect the cargo; and (6) And the damage or loss occurred with respect to a container shipment... participant shall engage the services of an independent cargo surveyor to list the container numbers and seal... either FAS or the participant engages the services of an independent cargo surveyor, the surveyor will...

  5. 7 CFR 1599.9 - Damage to or loss of commodities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... necessary to protect the cargo; and (6) And the damage or loss occurred with respect to a container shipment... participant shall engage the services of an independent cargo surveyor to list the container numbers and seal...: (1) And either FAS or the participant engages the services of an independent cargo surveyor, the...

  6. 7 CFR 1599.9 - Damage to or loss of commodities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... necessary to protect the cargo; and (6) And the damage or loss occurred with respect to a container shipment... participant shall engage the services of an independent cargo surveyor to list the container numbers and seal...: (1) And either FAS or the participant engages the services of an independent cargo surveyor, the...

  7. 7 CFR 1499.9 - Damage to or loss of commodities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... the cargo; and (6) And the damage or loss occurred with respect to a container shipment, if the... engage the services of an independent cargo surveyor to list the container numbers and seal numbers shown... or the participant engages the services of an independent cargo surveyor, the surveyor will provide...

  8. 7 CFR 1599.9 - Damage to or loss of commodities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... necessary to protect the cargo; and (6) And the damage or loss occurred with respect to a container shipment... participant shall engage the services of an independent cargo surveyor to list the container numbers and seal...: (1) And either FAS or the participant engages the services of an independent cargo surveyor, the...

  9. 7 CFR 1599.9 - Damage to or loss of commodities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... necessary to protect the cargo; and (6) And the damage or loss occurred with respect to a container shipment... participant shall engage the services of an independent cargo surveyor to list the container numbers and seal...: (1) And either FAS or the participant engages the services of an independent cargo surveyor, the...

  10. 7 CFR 1499.9 - Damage to or loss of commodities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... the cargo; and (6) And the damage or loss occurred with respect to a container shipment, if the... engage the services of an independent cargo surveyor to list the container numbers and seal numbers shown... or the participant engages the services of an independent cargo surveyor, the surveyor will provide...

  11. 7 CFR 1499.9 - Damage to or loss of commodities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... necessary to protect the cargo; and (6) And the damage or loss occurred with respect to a container shipment... participant shall engage the services of an independent cargo surveyor to list the container numbers and seal... either FAS or the participant engages the services of an independent cargo surveyor, the surveyor will...

  12. 7 CFR 1499.9 - Damage to or loss of commodities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... the cargo; and (6) And the damage or loss occurred with respect to a container shipment, if the... engage the services of an independent cargo surveyor to list the container numbers and seal numbers shown... or the participant engages the services of an independent cargo surveyor, the surveyor will provide...

  13. 7 CFR 1599.9 - Damage to or loss of commodities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... necessary to protect the cargo; and (6) And the damage or loss occurred with respect to a container shipment... participant shall engage the services of an independent cargo surveyor to list the container numbers and seal...: (1) And either FAS or the participant engages the services of an independent cargo surveyor, the...

  14. Vertical intensity modulation for improved radiographic penetration and reduced exclusion zone

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bendahan, J.; Langeveld, W. G. J.; Bharadwaj, V.; Amann, J.; Limborg, C.; Nosochkov, Y.

    2016-09-01

    In the present work, a method to direct the X-ray beam in real time to the desired locations in the cargo to increase penetration and reduce exclusion zone is presented. Cargo scanners employ high energy X-rays to produce radiographic images of the cargo. Most new scanners employ dual-energy to produce, in addition to attenuation maps, atomic number information in order to facilitate the detection of contraband. The electron beam producing the bremsstrahlung X-ray beam is usually directed approximately to the center of the container, concentrating the highest X-ray intensity to that area. Other parts of the container are exposed to lower radiation levels due to the large drop-off of the bremsstrahlung radiation intensity as a function of angle, especially for high energies (>6 MV). This results in lower penetration in these areas, requiring higher power sources that increase the dose and exclusion zone. The capability to modulate the X-ray source intensity on a pulse-by-pulse basis to deliver only as much radiation as required to the cargo has been reported previously. This method is, however, controlled by the most attenuating part of the inspected slice, resulting in excessive radiation to other areas of the cargo. A method to direct a dual-energy beam has been developed to provide a more precisely controlled level of required radiation to highly attenuating areas. The present method is based on steering the dual-energy electron beam using magnetic components on a pulse-to-pulse basis to a fixed location on the X-ray production target, but incident at different angles so as to direct the maximum intensity of the produced bremsstrahlung to the desired locations. The details of the technique and subsystem and simulation results are presented.

  15. Detection of shielded nuclear material in a cargo container

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jones, James L.; Norman, Daren R.; Haskell, Kevin J.; Sterbentz, James W.; Yoon, Woo Y.; Watson, Scott M.; Johnson, James T.; Zabriskie, John M.; Bennett, Brion D.; Watson, Richard W.; Moss, Cavin E.; Frank Harmon, J.

    2006-06-01

    The Idaho National Laboratory, along with Los Alamos National Laboratory and the Idaho State University's Idaho Accelerator Center, are developing electron accelerator-based, photonuclear inspection technologies for the detection of shielded nuclear material within air-, rail-, and especially, maritime-cargo transportation containers. This paper describes a developing prototypical cargo container inspection system utilizing the Pulsed Photonuclear Assessment (PPA) technology, incorporates interchangeable, well-defined, contraband shielding structures (i.e., "calibration" pallets) providing realistic detection data for induced radiation signatures from smuggled nuclear material, and provides various shielded nuclear material detection results. Using a 4.8-kg quantity of depleted uranium, neutron and gamma-ray detection responses are presented for well-defined shielded and unshielded configurations evaluated in a selected cargo container inspection configuration.

  16. Photonuclear-based, nuclear material detection system for cargo containers

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jones, J. L.; Yoon, W. Y.; Norman, D. R.; Haskell, K. J.; Zabriskie, J. M.; Watson, S. M.; Sterbentz, J. W.

    2005-12-01

    The Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has been developing electron accelerator-based, photonuclear inspection technologies for over a decade. A current need, having important national implications, has been with the detection of smuggled nuclear material within air- and, especially, sea-cargo transportation containers. This paper describes the latest pulsed, photonuclear inspection system for nuclear material detection and identification in cargo configurations, the numerical responses of 5 kg of a nuclear material placed within selected cargo configurations, and the technology's potential role in addressing future inspection needs.

  17. 46 CFR 154.901 - Atmospheric control within cargo tanks and cargo piping systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Atmospheric control within cargo tanks and cargo piping systems. 154.901 Section 154.901 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN..., Construction and Equipment Atmospheric Control in Cargo Containment Systems § 154.901 Atmospheric control...

  18. 46 CFR 154.901 - Atmospheric control within cargo tanks and cargo piping systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Atmospheric control within cargo tanks and cargo piping systems. 154.901 Section 154.901 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN..., Construction and Equipment Atmospheric Control in Cargo Containment Systems § 154.901 Atmospheric control...

  19. 46 CFR 154.901 - Atmospheric control within cargo tanks and cargo piping systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Atmospheric control within cargo tanks and cargo piping systems. 154.901 Section 154.901 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN..., Construction and Equipment Atmospheric Control in Cargo Containment Systems § 154.901 Atmospheric control...

  20. 46 CFR 154.901 - Atmospheric control within cargo tanks and cargo piping systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Atmospheric control within cargo tanks and cargo piping systems. 154.901 Section 154.901 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN..., Construction and Equipment Atmospheric Control in Cargo Containment Systems § 154.901 Atmospheric control...

  1. 46 CFR 154.901 - Atmospheric control within cargo tanks and cargo piping systems.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Atmospheric control within cargo tanks and cargo piping systems. 154.901 Section 154.901 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN..., Construction and Equipment Atmospheric Control in Cargo Containment Systems § 154.901 Atmospheric control...

  2. 46 CFR 154.412 - Cargo tank corrosion allowance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Cargo tank corrosion allowance. 154.412 Section 154.412... Containment Systems § 154.412 Cargo tank corrosion allowance. A cargo tank must be designed with a corrosion...) carries a cargo that corrodes the tank material. Note: Corrosion allowance for independent tank type C is...

  3. 46 CFR 154.412 - Cargo tank corrosion allowance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cargo tank corrosion allowance. 154.412 Section 154.412... Containment Systems § 154.412 Cargo tank corrosion allowance. A cargo tank must be designed with a corrosion...) carries a cargo that corrodes the tank material. Note: Corrosion allowance for independent tank type C is...

  4. Cargo Container Imaging with Gaseous Detectors

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Forest, Tony

    2006-10-01

    The gas electron multiplier (GEM) , developed at CERN by Fabio Sauli, represents the latest innovation in micropattern gaseous detectors and has been utilized as a preamplification stage in applications ranging from fundamental physics experiments to medical imaging. Although cargo container inspection systems are currently in place using gamma-rays or X-rays, they are predominantly designed with a resolution to detect contraband. Current imaging systems also suffer from false alarms due to naturally radioactive cargo when radiation portal monitors are used for passive detection of nuclear materials. Detection of small shielded radioactive elements is even more problematic. Idaho State University has been developing a system to image cargo containers in order to detect small shielded radioactive cargo. The possible application of an imaging system with gas electron multiplication will be shown along with preliminary images using gaseous detectors instead of the scintillators currently in use.

  5. 49 CFR 450.1 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS GENERAL General Provisions § 450.1 Purpose. This subchapter establishes requirements and procedures for safety approval and periodic examination of cargo containers used in international transport, as defined in the International Safe Container Act. [45 FR 37213, June 2, 1980] ...

  6. 49 CFR 450.1 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS GENERAL General Provisions § 450.1 Purpose. This subchapter establishes requirements and procedures for safety approval and periodic examination of cargo containers used in international transport, as defined in the International Safe Container Act. [45 FR 37213, June 2, 1980] ...

  7. 49 CFR 450.1 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS GENERAL General Provisions § 450.1 Purpose. This subchapter establishes requirements and procedures for safety approval and periodic examination of cargo containers used in international transport, as defined in the International Safe Container Act. [45 FR 37213, June 2, 1980] ...

  8. 49 CFR 450.1 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS GENERAL General Provisions § 450.1 Purpose. This subchapter establishes requirements and procedures for safety approval and periodic examination of cargo containers used in international transport, as defined in the International Safe Container Act. [45 FR 37213, June 2, 1980] ...

  9. 49 CFR 450.1 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS GENERAL General Provisions § 450.1 Purpose. This subchapter establishes requirements and procedures for safety approval and periodic examination of cargo containers used in international transport, as defined in the International Safe Container Act. [45 FR 37213, June 2, 1980] ...

  10. The use of neutrons for the detection of explosives in Civil Security Applications

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pesente, S.; Fabris, D.; Lunardon, M.; Moretto, S.; Nebbia, G.; Viesti, G.

    2007-02-01

    The search for hidden explosives has been simulated in laboratory conditions by using our Tagged Neutron Inspection System (TNIS). Applications of the TNIS concept to Civil Security problems are discussed in the light of our projects for cargo container inspections. Moreover, neutron attenuation and scattering can be used to search in real time for large quantity of explosive hidden in vehicles.

  11. 46 CFR 298.13 - Financial requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... information in the format given in the Title XI application procedures. (5) Shore facilities, cargo containers, etc. A detailed statement showing the actual cost of any shore facilities, cargo containers, etc...

  12. 14 CFR 121.583 - Carriage of persons without compliance with the passenger-carrying requirements of this part.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... is governed by regulations in 49 CFR part 175; (iv) The security of valuable or confidential cargo; (v) The preservation of fragile or perishable cargo; (vi) Experiments on, or testing of, cargo containers or cargo handling devices; (vii) The operation of special equipment for loading or unloading cargo...

  13. 14 CFR 121.583 - Carriage of persons without compliance with the passenger-carrying requirements of this part.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... is governed by regulations in 49 CFR part 175; (iv) The security of valuable or confidential cargo; (v) The preservation of fragile or perishable cargo; (vi) Experiments on, or testing of, cargo containers or cargo handling devices; (vii) The operation of special equipment for loading or unloading cargo...

  14. 14 CFR 121.583 - Carriage of persons without compliance with the passenger-carrying requirements of this part.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... is governed by regulations in 49 CFR part 175; (iv) The security of valuable or confidential cargo; (v) The preservation of fragile or perishable cargo; (vi) Experiments on, or testing of, cargo containers or cargo handling devices; (vii) The operation of special equipment for loading or unloading cargo...

  15. A binned clustering algorithm to detect high-Z material using cosmic muons

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Thomay, C.; Velthuis, J. J.; Baesso, P.; Cussans, D.; Morris, P. A. W.; Steer, C.; Burns, J.; Quillin, S.; Stapleton, M.

    2013-10-01

    We present a novel approach to the detection of special nuclear material using cosmic rays. Muon Scattering Tomography (MST) is a method for using cosmic muons to scan cargo containers and vehicles for special nuclear material. Cosmic muons are abundant, highly penetrating, not harmful for organic tissue, cannot be screened against, and can easily be detected, which makes them highly suited to the use of cargo scanning. Muons undergo multiple Coulomb scattering when passing through material, and the amount of scattering is roughly proportional to the square of the atomic number Z of the material. By reconstructing incoming and outgoing tracks, we can obtain variables to identify high-Z material. In a real life application, this has to happen on a timescale of 1 min and thus with small numbers of muons. We have built a detector system using resistive plate chambers (RPCs): 12 layers of RPCs allow for the readout of 6 x and 6 y positions, by which we can reconstruct incoming and outgoing tracks. In this work we detail the performance of an algorithm by which we separate high-Z targets from low-Z background, both for real data from our prototype setup and for MC simulation of a cargo container-sized setup. (c) British Crown Owned Copyright 2013/AWE

  16. Technical Report on DOMICE Simulation Model

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-04-01

    Branch GPS Global Positioning System HHO home heating oil LCA Lake Carriers’ Association MAR USCG Domestic Icebreaking Mission Analysis...cargo types considered in the module. The module groups the four types of cargo into two broader categories, namely, Home Heating Oil ( HHO ) shipments...or Non- HHO shipments. Table 11. Cargo types. Types of Cargo Cargo Group Dry Bulk Non- HHO Liquid Bulk Perishable / Food Home Heating Oil HHO

  17. A cargo inspection system based on pulsed fast neutron analysis (PFNA).

    PubMed

    Ipe, N E; Olsher, R; Ryge, P; Mrozack, J; Thieu, J

    2005-01-01

    A cargo inspection system based on pulsed fast neutron analysis (PFNA) is to be used at a border crossing to detect explosives and contraband hidden in trucks and cargo containers. Neutrons are produced by the interaction of deuterons in a deuterium target mounted on a moveable scan arm. The collimated pulsed fast neutron beam is used to determine the location and composition of objects in a cargo container. The neutrons produce secondary gamma rays that are characteristic of the object's elemental composition. The cargo inspection system building consists of an accelerator room and an inspection tunnel. The accelerator room is shielded and houses the injector, accelerator and the neutron production gas target. The inspection tunnel is partially shielded. The truck or container to be inspected will be moved through the inspection tunnel by a conveyor system. The facility and radiation source terms considered in the shielding design are described.

  18. Modeling and Simulation of a Helicopter Slung Load Stabilization Device

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Cicolani, Luigi S.; Ehlers, George E.

    2002-01-01

    This paper addresses the problem of simulation and stabilization of the yaw motions of a cargo container slung load. The study configuration is a UH-60 helicopter carrying a 6ft x 6 ft x 8 ft CONEX container. This load is limited to 60 KIAS in operations and flight testing indicates that it starts spinning in hover and that spin rate increases with airspeed. The simulation reproduced the load yaw motions seen in the flight data after augmenting the load model with terms representing unsteady load yaw moment effects acting to reinforce load oscillations, and augmenting the hook model to include yaw resistance at the hook. The use of a vertical fin to stabilize the load is considered. Results indicate that the CONEX airspeed can be extended to 110 kts using a 3x5 ft fin.

  19. Detection of Shielded Nuclear Material in a Cargo Container

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    J. L. Jones; D. R. Norman; K. J. Haskell

    The Idaho National Laboratory, along with Los Alamos National Laboratory and the Idaho State University’s Idaho Accelerator Center, are developing electron accelerator-based, photonuclear inspection technologies for the detection of shielded nuclear material within air-, rail-, and especially, maritime-cargo transportation containers. This paper describes a developing prototypical cargo container inspection system utilizing the Pulsed Photonuclear Assessment (PPA) technology, incorporates interchangeable, well-defined, contraband shielding structures (i.e., "calibration" pallets) providing realistic detection data for induced radiation signatures from smuggled nuclear material, and provides various shielded nuclear material detection results. Using a 4.8-kg quantity of depleted uranium, neutron and gamma-ray detection responses are presentedmore » for well-defined shielded and unshielded configurations evaluated in a selected cargo container inspection configuration. © 2001 Elsevier Science. All rights reserved« less

  20. Holding Cargo in Place With Foam

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Fisher, T. T.

    1985-01-01

    Foam fills entire container to protect cargo from shock and vibration. Originally developed for stowing space debris and spent satellites in Space Shuttle for return to Earth, encapsulation concept suitable for preparing shipments carried by truck, boat, or airplane. Equipment automatically injects polyurethane foam into its interior to hold cargo securely in place. Container of rectangular or other cross section built to match shape of vehicle used.

  1. 46 CFR 154.408 - Cargo tank external pressure load.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... minimum internal pressure (maximum vacuum), and the maximum external pressure to which any portion of the... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cargo tank external pressure load. 154.408 Section 154... Equipment Cargo Containment Systems § 154.408 Cargo tank external pressure load. For the calculation...

  2. 49 CFR 176.39 - Inspection of cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... the vessel or its cargo since loading and stowage. However, freight containers or individual barges... 49 Transportation 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Inspection of cargo. 176.39 Section 176.39... Requirements § 176.39 Inspection of cargo. (a) Manned vessels. The carrier, its agents, and any person...

  3. 49 CFR 176.39 - Inspection of cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... the vessel or its cargo since loading and stowage. However, freight containers or individual barges... 49 Transportation 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Inspection of cargo. 176.39 Section 176.39... Requirements § 176.39 Inspection of cargo. (a) Manned vessels. The carrier, its agents, and any person...

  4. 49 CFR 176.39 - Inspection of cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... the vessel or its cargo since loading and stowage. However, freight containers or individual barges... 49 Transportation 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Inspection of cargo. 176.39 Section 176.39... Requirements § 176.39 Inspection of cargo. (a) Manned vessels. The carrier, its agents, and any person...

  5. 49 CFR 176.39 - Inspection of cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... the vessel or its cargo since loading and stowage. However, freight containers or individual barges... 49 Transportation 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Inspection of cargo. 176.39 Section 176.39... Requirements § 176.39 Inspection of cargo. (a) Manned vessels. The carrier, its agents, and any person...

  6. 49 CFR 176.39 - Inspection of cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... the vessel or its cargo since loading and stowage. However, freight containers or individual barges... 49 Transportation 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Inspection of cargo. 176.39 Section 176.39... Requirements § 176.39 Inspection of cargo. (a) Manned vessels. The carrier, its agents, and any person...

  7. 49 CFR 178.337-13 - Supporting and anchoring.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.337-13 Supporting and anchoring. (a) A cargo... inspection and maintenance. (b) On a cargo tank motor vehicle designed and constructed so that the cargo tank... of restraining devices designed to prevent relative motion between the cargo tank and the vehicle...

  8. 49 CFR 178.337-13 - Supporting and anchoring.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.337-13 Supporting and anchoring. (a) A cargo... inspection and maintenance. (b) On a cargo tank motor vehicle designed and constructed so that the cargo tank... of restraining devices designed to prevent relative motion between the cargo tank and the vehicle...

  9. 49 CFR 178.337-13 - Supporting and anchoring.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.337-13 Supporting and anchoring. (a) A cargo... inspection and maintenance. (b) On a cargo tank motor vehicle designed and constructed so that the cargo tank... of restraining devices designed to prevent relative motion between the cargo tank and the vehicle...

  10. 49 CFR 178.337-13 - Supporting and anchoring.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.337-13 Supporting and anchoring. (a) A cargo... inspection and maintenance. (b) On a cargo tank motor vehicle designed and constructed so that the cargo tank... of restraining devices designed to prevent relative motion between the cargo tank and the vehicle...

  11. Automated Weight-Window Generation for Threat Detection Applications Using ADVANTG

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mosher, Scott W; Miller, Thomas Martin; Evans, Thomas M

    2009-01-01

    Deterministic transport codes have been used for some time to generate weight-window parameters that can improve the efficiency of Monte Carlo simulations. As the use of this hybrid computational technique is becoming more widespread, the scope of applications in which it is being applied is expanding. An active source of new applications is the field of homeland security--particularly the detection of nuclear material threats. For these problems, automated hybrid methods offer an efficient alternative to trial-and-error variance reduction techniques (e.g., geometry splitting or the stochastic weight window generator). The ADVANTG code has been developed to automate the generation of weight-windowmore » parameters for MCNP using the Consistent Adjoint Driven Importance Sampling method and employs the TORT or Denovo 3-D discrete ordinates codes to generate importance maps. In this paper, we describe the application of ADVANTG to a set of threat-detection simulations. We present numerical results for an 'active-interrogation' problem in which a standard cargo container is irradiated by a deuterium-tritium fusion neutron generator. We also present results for two passive detection problems in which a cargo container holding a shielded neutron or gamma source is placed near a portal monitor. For the passive detection problems, ADVANTG obtains an O(10{sup 4}) speedup and, for a detailed gamma spectrum tally, an average O(10{sup 2}) speedup relative to implicit-capture-only simulations, including the deterministic calculation time. For the active-interrogation problem, an O(10{sup 4}) speedup is obtained when compared to a simulation with angular source biasing and crude geometry splitting.« less

  12. Acid-Labile Acyclic Cucurbit[n]uril Molecular Containers for Controlled Release.

    PubMed

    Mao, Dake; Liang, Yajun; Liu, Yamin; Zhou, Xianhao; Ma, Jiaqi; Jiang, Biao; Liu, Jia; Ma, Da

    2017-10-02

    Stimuli-responsive molecular containers are of great importance for controlled drug delivery and other biomedical applications. A new type of acid labile acyclic cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n]) molecular containers is presented that can degrade and release the encapsulated cargo at accelerated rates under mildly acidic conditions (pH 5.5-6.5). These containers retain the excellent recognition properties of CB[n]-type hosts. A cell culture study demonstrated that the cellular uptake of cargos could be fine-tuned by complexation with different containers. The release and cell uptake of cargo dye was promoted by acidic pH. © 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  13. 76 FR 38155 - California State Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; Ocean-Going Vessels At-Berth in...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-06-29

    ... composed solely of container or refrigerated cargo vessels making fewer than twenty-five (25) visits to the.... \\7\\ ``Fleet'' means ``all container, passenger, and refrigerated cargo vessels, visiting a specific... of nitrogen and particulate matter from auxiliary diesel engines on container vessels, passenger...

  14. 76 FR 77515 - California State Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; Ocean-Going Vessels At-Berth in...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-13

    ..., rents or leases any container vessel, passenger vessel, or refrigerated cargo vessel that visits any of...-Berth Regulation requires fleets of container vessels, passenger vessels and refrigerated cargo vessels... and particulate matter from auxiliary diesel engines on container vessels, passenger vessels and...

  15. Wind tunnel investigation of aerodynamic characteristics of scale models of three rectangular shaped cargo containers

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Laub, G. H.; Kodani, H. M.

    1972-01-01

    Wind tunnel tests were conducted on scale models of three rectangular shaped cargo containers to determine the aerodynamic characteristics of these typical externally-suspended helicopter cargo configurations. Tests were made over a large range of pitch and yaw attitudes at a nominal Reynolds number per unit length of 1.8 x one million. The aerodynamic data obtained from the tests are presented.

  16. 46 CFR 153.515 - Special requirements for extremely flammable cargoes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... DANGEROUS CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Design.... When Table 1 refers to this section: (a) An enclosed space containing a cargo tank must have an...

  17. 46 CFR 153.515 - Special requirements for extremely flammable cargoes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... DANGEROUS CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Design.... When Table 1 refers to this section: (a) An enclosed space containing a cargo tank must have an...

  18. 46 CFR 153.515 - Special requirements for extremely flammable cargoes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... DANGEROUS CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Design.... When Table 1 refers to this section: (a) An enclosed space containing a cargo tank must have an...

  19. 46 CFR 153.515 - Special requirements for extremely flammable cargoes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... DANGEROUS CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Design.... When Table 1 refers to this section: (a) An enclosed space containing a cargo tank must have an...

  20. 75 FR 1070 - Cargo Securing Methods for Packages in Transport Vehicles or Freight Containers

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-01-08

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard [Docket No. USCG-2009-1079] Cargo Securing Methods for... for comments. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard seeks comments from the public on methods for securing cargo in... proper condition for transportation. Currently, the specific method for securing cargo is left to the...

  1. 46 CFR 154.410 - Cargo tank sloshing loads.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Cargo tank sloshing loads. 154.410 Section 154.410... Containment Systems § 154.410 Cargo tank sloshing loads. (a) For the calculation required under § 154.406 (a... be specially approved by the Commandant (CG-ENG). (b) If the sloshing loads affect the cargo tank...

  2. 46 CFR 154.410 - Cargo tank sloshing loads.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cargo tank sloshing loads. 154.410 Section 154.410... Containment Systems § 154.410 Cargo tank sloshing loads. (a) For the calculation required under § 154.406 (a... be specially approved by the Commandant (CG-522). (b) If the sloshing loads affect the cargo tank...

  3. 46 CFR 154.406 - Design loads for cargo tanks and fixtures: General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Design loads for cargo tanks and fixtures: General. 154.406 Section 154.406 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SAFETY STANDARDS FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS CARRYING BULK LIQUEFIED GASES Design, Construction and Equipment Cargo Containment...

  4. 46 CFR 154.406 - Design loads for cargo tanks and fixtures: General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Design loads for cargo tanks and fixtures: General. 154.406 Section 154.406 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SAFETY STANDARDS FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS CARRYING BULK LIQUEFIED GASES Design, Construction and Equipment Cargo Containment...

  5. 46 CFR 154.406 - Design loads for cargo tanks and fixtures: General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Design loads for cargo tanks and fixtures: General. 154.406 Section 154.406 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SAFETY STANDARDS FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS CARRYING BULK LIQUEFIED GASES Design, Construction and Equipment Cargo Containment...

  6. 46 CFR 154.1850 - Entering cargo handling spaces.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Entering cargo handling spaces. 154.1850 Section 154... cargo handling spaces. (a) The master shall ensure that the ventilation system under § 154.1200 is in operation for 30 minutes before a person enters one of the following: (1) Spaces containing cargo pumps...

  7. 46 CFR 154.1850 - Entering cargo handling spaces.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Entering cargo handling spaces. 154.1850 Section 154... cargo handling spaces. (a) The master shall ensure that the ventilation system under § 154.1200 is in operation for 30 minutes before a person enters one of the following: (1) Spaces containing cargo pumps...

  8. 46 CFR 154.1850 - Entering cargo handling spaces.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Entering cargo handling spaces. 154.1850 Section 154... cargo handling spaces. (a) The master shall ensure that the ventilation system under § 154.1200 is in operation for 30 minutes before a person enters one of the following: (1) Spaces containing cargo pumps...

  9. 46 CFR 154.1850 - Entering cargo handling spaces.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Entering cargo handling spaces. 154.1850 Section 154... cargo handling spaces. (a) The master shall ensure that the ventilation system under § 154.1200 is in operation for 30 minutes before a person enters one of the following: (1) Spaces containing cargo pumps...

  10. 46 CFR 154.1850 - Entering cargo handling spaces.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Entering cargo handling spaces. 154.1850 Section 154... cargo handling spaces. (a) The master shall ensure that the ventilation system under § 154.1200 is in operation for 30 minutes before a person enters one of the following: (1) Spaces containing cargo pumps...

  11. 46 CFR 32.60-15 - Segregation of cargo; Grade E-TB/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... spaces, general cargo spaces, boilerrooms, and enclosed spaces containing machinery, where sources of... intervening spaces are not required. (b) Cargo tank spaces. Cargo tank spaces can be terminated at any deck with hatches on the same deck, but the vent lines shall be extended to the weather deck. Butterworth...

  12. 46 CFR 32.60-15 - Segregation of cargo; Grade E-TB/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... spaces, general cargo spaces, boilerrooms, and enclosed spaces containing machinery, where sources of... intervening spaces are not required. (b) Cargo tank spaces. Cargo tank spaces can be terminated at any deck with hatches on the same deck, but the vent lines shall be extended to the weather deck. Butterworth...

  13. 46 CFR 32.60-15 - Segregation of cargo; Grade E-TB/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... spaces, general cargo spaces, boilerrooms, and enclosed spaces containing machinery, where sources of... intervening spaces are not required. (b) Cargo tank spaces. Cargo tank spaces can be terminated at any deck with hatches on the same deck, but the vent lines shall be extended to the weather deck. Butterworth...

  14. 75 FR 10634 - Agricultural Inspection and AQI User Fees Along the U.S./Canada Border

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-09

    ...-propelled vessel that transports cargo that is not contained in shipping containers. This definition does... of these ports. Empty Containers and Movement of Nonagricultural Goods Many of the commenters stated... or unload cargo in Canada or that originates and terminates in Canada and that does not load or...

  15. 49 CFR 172.336 - Identification numbers; special provisions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... fuels together with a gasoline and alcohol fuel blend containing more than ten percent ethanol, the... gasoline and alcohol fuel blend containing more than ten percent ethanol, the identification number “3475...). (3) On a cargo tank containing only fuel oil, if the cargo tank is marked “Fuel Oil” on each side and...

  16. 49 CFR 172.336 - Identification numbers; special provisions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... fuels together with a gasoline and alcohol fuel blend containing more than ten percent ethanol, the... gasoline and alcohol fuel blend containing more than ten percent ethanol, the identification number “3475...). (3) On a cargo tank containing only fuel oil, if the cargo tank is marked “Fuel Oil” on each side and...

  17. 49 CFR 172.336 - Identification numbers; special provisions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... fuels together with a gasoline and alcohol fuel blend containing more than ten percent ethanol, the... gasoline and alcohol fuel blend containing more than ten percent ethanol, the identification number “3475...). (3) On a cargo tank containing only fuel oil, if the cargo tank is marked “Fuel Oil” on each side and...

  18. 46 CFR 154.411 - Cargo tank thermal loads.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Cargo tank thermal loads. 154.411 Section 154.411... Containment Systems § 154.411 Cargo tank thermal loads. For the calculations required under § 154.406(a)(4... thermal loads for the cooling down periods of cargo tanks for design temperatures lower than −55 °C (−67...

  19. 46 CFR 154.411 - Cargo tank thermal loads.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cargo tank thermal loads. 154.411 Section 154.411... Containment Systems § 154.411 Cargo tank thermal loads. For the calculations required under § 154.406(a)(4... thermal loads for the cooling down periods of cargo tanks for design temperatures lower than −55 °C (−67...

  20. 46 CFR 154.405 - Design vapor pressure (Po) of a cargo tank.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Design vapor pressure (Po) of a cargo tank. 154.405 Section 154.405 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SAFETY STANDARDS FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS CARRYING BULK LIQUEFIED GASES Design, Construction and Equipment Cargo Containment Systems §...

  1. 46 CFR 154.405 - Design vapor pressure (Po) of a cargo tank.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Design vapor pressure (Po) of a cargo tank. 154.405 Section 154.405 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SAFETY STANDARDS FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS CARRYING BULK LIQUEFIED GASES Design, Construction and Equipment Cargo Containment Systems §...

  2. 46 CFR 154.405 - Design vapor pressure (Po) of a cargo tank.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Design vapor pressure (Po) of a cargo tank. 154.405 Section 154.405 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SAFETY STANDARDS FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS CARRYING BULK LIQUEFIED GASES Design, Construction and Equipment Cargo Containment Systems §...

  3. 46 CFR 154.405 - Design vapor pressure (Po) of a cargo tank.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Design vapor pressure (Po) of a cargo tank. 154.405 Section 154.405 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SAFETY STANDARDS FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS CARRYING BULK LIQUEFIED GASES Design, Construction and Equipment Cargo Containment Systems §...

  4. 46 CFR 97.12-1 - Definition of a bulk solid cargo.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Definition of a bulk solid cargo. 97.12-1 Section 97.12... OPERATIONS Bulk Solid Cargoes § 97.12-1 Definition of a bulk solid cargo. (a) A bulk solid cargo— (1.... (b) Additional requirements for bulk solid materials needing special handling are contained in Part...

  5. Analysis of the photoneutron activation effects generated by 9 MeV X-ray in a container cargo inspection facility.

    PubMed

    Cho, Young Ho; Kang, Bo Sun

    2010-06-01

    The X-ray container cargo inspection facility is extensively implemented with the key objective to counter international terrorism and illicit smuggling of the contraband items via the ports. However, activation products are generated from photoneutron capture reactions in the high-energy X-ray container cargo inspection facility. The activation products release inherent delayed radiations which occupational workers are exposed to. In this study, the activation products are estimated using Monte Carlo method and radiation safety of the facility in terms of occupational dose is reviewed.

  6. Detection of hidden explosives by using tagged neutron beams: Status and perspectives

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Viesti, Giuseppe; Pesente, Silvia; Nebbia, Giancarlo; Lunardon, Marcello; Sudac, Davorin; Nađ, Karlo; Blagus, Sasha; Valković, Vladivoj

    2005-12-01

    Non-destructive inspections have been simulated in laboratory conditions by using our tagged neutron inspection system (TNIS), using YAP:Ce scintillators to tag the neutron beam and an array of BaF2 crystals to detect the γ-rays. The system has been operated up to 2 × 108 neutron/s. Further developments of the TNIS concept are discussed in the light of our current projects for cargo container inspections.

  7. Tackling the x-ray cargo inspection challenge using machine learning

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jaccard, Nicolas; Rogers, Thomas W.; Morton, Edward J.; Griffin, Lewis D.

    2016-05-01

    The current infrastructure for non-intrusive inspection of cargo containers cannot accommodate exploding com-merce volumes and increasingly stringent regulations. There is a pressing need to develop methods to automate parts of the inspection workflow, enabling expert operators to focus on a manageable number of high-risk images. To tackle this challenge, we developed a modular framework for automated X-ray cargo image inspection. Employing state-of-the-art machine learning approaches, including deep learning, we demonstrate high performance for empty container verification and specific threat detection. This work constitutes a significant step towards the partial automation of X-ray cargo image inspection.

  8. Mechanisms of Size Control and Polymorphism in Viral Capsid Assembly

    PubMed Central

    Elrad, Oren M.; Hagan, Michael F.

    2009-01-01

    We simulate the assembly dynamics of icosahedral capsids from subunits that interconvert between different conformations (or quasi-equivalent states). The simulations identify mechanisms by which subunits form empty capsids with only one morphology, but adaptively assemble into different icosahedral morphologies around nanoparticle cargoes with varying sizes, as seen in recent experiments with brome mosaic virus (BMV) capsid proteins. Adaptive cargo encapsidation requires moderate cargo-subunit interaction strengths; stronger interactions frustrate assembly by stabilizing intermediates with incommensurate curvature. We compare simulation results to experiments with cowpea chlorotic mottle virus empty capsids and BMV capsids assembled on functionalized nanoparticles, and suggest new cargo encapsidation experiments. Finally, we find that both empty and templated capsids maintain the precise spatial ordering of subunit conformations seen in the crystal structure even if interactions that preserve this arrangement are favored by as little as the thermal energy, consistent with experimental observations that different subunit conformations are highly similar. PMID:18950240

  9. Operational Planning of Channel Airlift Missions Using Forecasted Demand

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-03-01

    tailored to the specific problem ( Metaheuristics , 2005). As seen in the section Cargo Loading Algorithm , heuristic methods are often iterative...that are equivalent to the forecasted cargo amount. The simulated pallets are then used in a heuristic cargo loading algorithm . The loading... algorithm places cargo onto available aircraft (based on real schedules) given the date and the destination and outputs statistics based on the aircraft ton

  10. 49 CFR 178.348 - Specification DOT 412; cargo tank motor vehicle.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Specification DOT 412; cargo tank motor vehicle...) SPECIFICATIONS FOR PACKAGINGS Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.348 Specification DOT 412; cargo tank motor vehicle. ...

  11. 49 CFR 178.346 - Specification DOT 406; cargo tank motor vehicle.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Specification DOT 406; cargo tank motor vehicle... SPECIFICATIONS FOR PACKAGINGS Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.346 Specification DOT 406; cargo tank motor vehicle. ...

  12. 49 CFR 178.347 - Specification DOT 407; cargo tank motor vehicle.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Specification DOT 407; cargo tank motor vehicle... SPECIFICATIONS FOR PACKAGINGS Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.347 Specification DOT 407; cargo tank motor vehicle. ...

  13. 49 CFR 178.348 - Specification DOT 412; cargo tank motor vehicle.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Specification DOT 412; cargo tank motor vehicle... SPECIFICATIONS FOR PACKAGINGS Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.348 Specification DOT 412; cargo tank motor vehicle. ...

  14. 49 CFR 178.346 - Specification DOT 406; cargo tank motor vehicle.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Specification DOT 406; cargo tank motor vehicle...) SPECIFICATIONS FOR PACKAGINGS Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.346 Specification DOT 406; cargo tank motor vehicle. ...

  15. 49 CFR 178.347 - Specification DOT 407; cargo tank motor vehicle.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Specification DOT 407; cargo tank motor vehicle...) SPECIFICATIONS FOR PACKAGINGS Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.347 Specification DOT 407; cargo tank motor vehicle. ...

  16. 46 CFR 197.505 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... vessel. Emergency means an occurrence, such as an equipment failure, a container rupture, or a control... cargo transfer operations involving connecting or disconnecting liquid or vapor hoses; cargo tank gauging and sampling; and cargo tank gas freeing, venting, and cleaning. Performance standard means the...

  17. 46 CFR 197.505 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... vessel. Emergency means an occurrence, such as an equipment failure, a container rupture, or a control... cargo transfer operations involving connecting or disconnecting liquid or vapor hoses; cargo tank gauging and sampling; and cargo tank gas freeing, venting, and cleaning. Performance standard means the...

  18. 46 CFR 197.505 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... vessel. Emergency means an occurrence, such as an equipment failure, a container rupture, or a control... cargo transfer operations involving connecting or disconnecting liquid or vapor hoses; cargo tank gauging and sampling; and cargo tank gas freeing, venting, and cleaning. Performance standard means the...

  19. 46 CFR 197.505 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... vessel. Emergency means an occurrence, such as an equipment failure, a container rupture, or a control... cargo transfer operations involving connecting or disconnecting liquid or vapor hoses; cargo tank gauging and sampling; and cargo tank gas freeing, venting, and cleaning. Performance standard means the...

  20. 46 CFR 197.505 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... vessel. Emergency means an occurrence, such as an equipment failure, a container rupture, or a control... cargo transfer operations involving connecting or disconnecting liquid or vapor hoses; cargo tank gauging and sampling; and cargo tank gas freeing, venting, and cleaning. Performance standard means the...

  1. 46 CFR 153.1010 - Alkylene oxides.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Operations Special Cargo Procedures... another containment system; (3) Alkylene oxide is discharged only by an intank cargo pump or inert gas...

  2. 46 CFR 153.1010 - Alkylene oxides.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Operations Special Cargo Procedures... another containment system; (3) Alkylene oxide is discharged only by an intank cargo pump or inert gas...

  3. 46 CFR 153.1010 - Alkylene oxides.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Operations Special Cargo Procedures... another containment system; (3) Alkylene oxide is discharged only by an intank cargo pump or inert gas...

  4. 46 CFR 153.1010 - Alkylene oxides.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Operations Special Cargo Procedures... another containment system; (3) Alkylene oxide is discharged only by an intank cargo pump or inert gas...

  5. 46 CFR 35.01-50 - Special operating requirements for tank barges carrying certain dangerous bulk cargoes-B/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... certain dangerous bulk cargoes-B/ALL. 35.01-50 Section 35.01-50 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... requirements for tank barges carrying certain dangerous bulk cargoes—B/ALL. (a) The requirements of this... times. (f) During the time the cargo tanks contain dangerous cargoes described in paragraph (a) of this...

  6. 46 CFR 35.01-50 - Special operating requirements for tank barges carrying certain dangerous bulk cargoes-B/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... certain dangerous bulk cargoes-B/ALL. 35.01-50 Section 35.01-50 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... requirements for tank barges carrying certain dangerous bulk cargoes—B/ALL. (a) The requirements of this... times. (f) During the time the cargo tanks contain dangerous cargoes described in paragraph (a) of this...

  7. 46 CFR 35.01-50 - Special operating requirements for tank barges carrying certain dangerous bulk cargoes-B/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... certain dangerous bulk cargoes-B/ALL. 35.01-50 Section 35.01-50 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... Special operating requirements for tank barges carrying certain dangerous bulk cargoes—B/ALL. (a) The... closed and secured at all times. (f) During the time the cargo tanks contain dangerous cargoes described...

  8. 46 CFR 35.01-50 - Special operating requirements for tank barges carrying certain dangerous bulk cargoes-B/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... certain dangerous bulk cargoes-B/ALL. 35.01-50 Section 35.01-50 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... Special operating requirements for tank barges carrying certain dangerous bulk cargoes—B/ALL. (a) The... closed and secured at all times. (f) During the time the cargo tanks contain dangerous cargoes described...

  9. 46 CFR 35.01-50 - Special operating requirements for tank barges carrying certain dangerous bulk cargoes-B/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... certain dangerous bulk cargoes-B/ALL. 35.01-50 Section 35.01-50 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... Special operating requirements for tank barges carrying certain dangerous bulk cargoes—B/ALL. (a) The... closed and secured at all times. (f) During the time the cargo tanks contain dangerous cargoes described...

  10. 46 CFR 153.370 - Minimum relief valve setting for ambient temperature cargo tanks.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Minimum relief valve setting for ambient temperature... temperature cargo tanks. The relief valve setting for a containment system that carries a cargo at ambient temperature must at least equal the cargo's vapor pressure at 46 °C (approx. 115 °F). [CGD 81-078, 50 FR 21173...

  11. 46 CFR 153.370 - Minimum relief valve setting for ambient temperature cargo tanks.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Minimum relief valve setting for ambient temperature... temperature cargo tanks. The relief valve setting for a containment system that carries a cargo at ambient temperature must at least equal the cargo's vapor pressure at 46 °C (approx. 115 °F). [CGD 81-078, 50 FR 21173...

  12. 46 CFR 153.370 - Minimum relief valve setting for ambient temperature cargo tanks.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Minimum relief valve setting for ambient temperature... temperature cargo tanks. The relief valve setting for a containment system that carries a cargo at ambient temperature must at least equal the cargo's vapor pressure at 46 °C (approx. 115 °F). [CGD 81-078, 50 FR 21173...

  13. 46 CFR 153.370 - Minimum relief valve setting for ambient temperature cargo tanks.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Minimum relief valve setting for ambient temperature... temperature cargo tanks. The relief valve setting for a containment system that carries a cargo at ambient temperature must at least equal the cargo's vapor pressure at 46 °C (approx. 115 °F). [CGD 81-078, 50 FR 21173...

  14. 46 CFR 153.370 - Minimum relief valve setting for ambient temperature cargo tanks.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Minimum relief valve setting for ambient temperature... temperature cargo tanks. The relief valve setting for a containment system that carries a cargo at ambient temperature must at least equal the cargo's vapor pressure at 46 °C (approx. 115 °F). [CGD 81-078, 50 FR 21173...

  15. 76 FR 69271 - Notice of Inquiry; U.S. Inland Containerized Cargo Moving Through Canadian and Mexican Seaports

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-08

    ... incentivize container cargo to shift from U.S. West Coast ports to those located in Canada and Mexico. These... FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION [Docket No. 11-19] Notice of Inquiry; U.S. Inland Containerized Cargo... containerized cargo destined for U.S. inland points from U.S. to Canadian and Mexican seaports. DATES: Comments...

  16. Human occupancy detection

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Brown, David A.

    1994-10-01

    In the area of security and surveillance technologies, the problem of the arrival in Canada of illegal and undesirable ship and truck cargo loads is steadily increasing. As the volumes of cargo arrivals increase so do the Immigration and Customs problems related to the determination of the validity of those cargo contents. Of special concern to Immigration Control Authorities around the world is the emerging and increasing trend of illegal smuggling of human beings hidden inside of shipping containers. Beginning in 1992, Immigration Control Authorities in Canada observed an escalation of alien people smuggling through the use of cargo shipping containers arriving in the Port of Montreal. This paper will present to the audience the recently completed Immigration Canada Human Occupancy Detection project by explaining the design, development and testing of human occupancy detectors. The devices are designed to electronically detect the presence of persons hiding inside of shipping containers, without the requirement of opening the container doors. The human occupancy detection concepts are based upon the presence of carbon dioxide or other human waste characteristics commonly found inside of shipping containers.

  17. Collective navigation of cargo-carrying swarms

    PubMed Central

    Shklarsh, Adi; Finkelshtein, Alin; Ariel, Gil; Kalisman, Oren; Ingham, Colin; Ben-Jacob, Eshel

    2012-01-01

    Much effort has been devoted to the study of swarming and collective navigation of micro-organisms, insects, fish, birds and other organisms, as well as multi-agent simulations and to the study of real robots. It is well known that insect swarms can carry cargo. The studies here are motivated by a less well-known phenomenon: cargo transport by bacteria swarms. We begin with a concise review of how bacteria swarms carry natural, micrometre-scale objects larger than the bacteria (e.g. fungal spores) as well as man-made beads and capsules (for drug delivery). A comparison of the trajectories of virtual beads in simulations (using different putative coupling between the virtual beads and the bacteria) with the observed trajectories of transported fungal spores implies the existence of adaptable coupling. Motivated by these observations, we devised new, multi-agent-based studies of cargo transport by agent swarms. As a first step, we extended previous modelling of collective navigation of simple bacteria-inspired agents in complex terrain, using three putative models of agent–cargo coupling. We found that cargo-carrying swarms can navigate efficiently in a complex landscape. We further investigated how the stability, elasticity and other features of agent–cargo bonds influence the collective motion and the transport of the cargo, and found sharp phase shifts and dual successful strategies for cargo delivery. Further understanding of such mechanisms may provide valuable clues to understand cargo-transport by smart swarms of other organisms as well as by man-made swarming robots. PMID:24312731

  18. 9 CFR 94.1 - Regions where rinderpest or foot-and-mouth disease exists; importations prohibited.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ..., handling of the meat after the hold, compartment, or container is sealed, and the loading of any cargo into and the removal of any cargo from the sealed hold, compartment, or container en route to the United... seals used to seal the hold, compartment, or container are recorded on the foreign meat inspection...

  19. 40 CFR 442.40 - Applicability.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT CLEANING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Tanks Transporting Food Grade Cargos § 442.40... containers, rail tank cars, tank barges and ocean/sea tankers which have been used to transport food grade cargos. If wastewater generated from cleaning tanks used to transport food grade cargos is mixed with...

  20. 46 CFR 197.501 - Applicability.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... GENERAL PROVISIONS Benzene § 197.501 Applicability. (a) Except for vessels satisfying paragraph (b) of... barges, that are carrying benzene or benzene containing liquids in bulk as cargo. (b) This subpart does not apply to vessels that are carrying only liquid cargoes containing less than 0.5% benzene by volume...

  1. 46 CFR 197.501 - Applicability.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... GENERAL PROVISIONS Benzene § 197.501 Applicability. (a) Except for vessels satisfying paragraph (b) of... barges, that are carrying benzene or benzene containing liquids in bulk as cargo. (b) This subpart does not apply to vessels that are carrying only liquid cargoes containing less than 0.5% benzene by volume...

  2. 46 CFR 197.501 - Applicability.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... GENERAL PROVISIONS Benzene § 197.501 Applicability. (a) Except for vessels satisfying paragraph (b) of... barges, that are carrying benzene or benzene containing liquids in bulk as cargo. (b) This subpart does not apply to vessels that are carrying only liquid cargoes containing less than 0.5% benzene by volume...

  3. 46 CFR 197.501 - Applicability.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... GENERAL PROVISIONS Benzene § 197.501 Applicability. (a) Except for vessels satisfying paragraph (b) of... barges, that are carrying benzene or benzene containing liquids in bulk as cargo. (b) This subpart does not apply to vessels that are carrying only liquid cargoes containing less than 0.5% benzene by volume...

  4. 46 CFR 197.501 - Applicability.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... GENERAL PROVISIONS Benzene § 197.501 Applicability. (a) Except for vessels satisfying paragraph (b) of... barges, that are carrying benzene or benzene containing liquids in bulk as cargo. (b) This subpart does not apply to vessels that are carrying only liquid cargoes containing less than 0.5% benzene by volume...

  5. 77 FR 16838 - Notice of Agreements Filed

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-03-22

    ...; China Shipping Container Lines Co. Ltd.; CMA CGM A.A.; Companhia Libra De Navegacao; Compania Sud American De Vapores, S.A.; COSCO Container Lines Co., Limited; Dole Ocean Cargo Express; Hamburg.... Agreement No.: 011730-004. Title: GWF/Dole Space Charter and Sailing Agreement. Parties: Dole Ocean Cargo...

  6. 19 CFR 4.7 - Inward foreign manifest; production on demand; contents and form; advance filing of cargo...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... as homogeneous cargo that is stowed loose in the hold and is not enclosed in any container such as a...; contents and form; advance filing of cargo declaration. 4.7 Section 4.7 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND... and form; advance filing of cargo declaration. (a) The master of every vessel arriving in the United...

  7. 19 CFR 4.7 - Inward foreign manifest; production on demand; contents and form; advance filing of cargo...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... enclosed in any container such as a box, bale, bag, cask, or the like. Such cargo is also described as bulk...; contents and form; advance filing of cargo declaration. 4.7 Section 4.7 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND... and form; advance filing of cargo declaration. (a) The master of every vessel arriving in the United...

  8. 19 CFR 4.7 - Inward foreign manifest; production on demand; contents and form; advance filing of cargo...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... as homogeneous cargo that is stowed loose in the hold and is not enclosed in any container such as a...; contents and form; advance filing of cargo declaration. 4.7 Section 4.7 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND... and form; advance filing of cargo declaration. (a) The master of every vessel arriving in the United...

  9. Fast-neutron/gamma-ray radiography scanner for the detection of contraband in air cargo containers

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Eberhardt, J.; Liu, Y.; Rainey, S.; Roach, G.; Sowerby, B.; Stevens, R.; Tickner, J.

    2006-05-01

    There is a worldwide need for efficient inspection of cargo containers at airports, seaports and road border crossings. The main objectives are the detection of contraband such as illicit drugs, explosives and weapons. Due to the large volume of cargo passing through Australia's airports every day, it is critical that any scanning system should be capable of working on unpacked or consolidated cargo, taking at most 1-2 minutes per container. CSIRO has developed a fast-neutron/gamma-ray radiography (FNGR) method for the rapid screening of air freight. By combining radiographs obtained using 14 MeV neutrons and 60Co gamma-rays, high resolution images showing both density and material composition are obtained. A near full-scale prototype scanner has been successfully tested in the laboratory. With the support of the Australian Customs Service, a full-scale scanner has recently been installed and commissioned at Brisbane International Airport.

  10. 46 CFR 154.1810 - Cargo manual.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... leakage. (4) The use of the firefighting systems on the vessel. (5) The features of the cargo containment... detection systems. (x) Alarm or safety indication systems. (xi) Cargo jettisoning system. (xii) The system...) A description of gas detection systems and alarm or safety systems. (15) A description of the...

  11. 46 CFR 154.1340 - Temperature measuring devices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ...) Each device must actuate an audible and visual alarm at the cargo control station and a remote group... STANDARDS FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS CARRYING BULK LIQUEFIED GASES Design, Construction and Equipment... cargo control station. (c) Except for independent tanks type C, each cargo containment system for a...

  12. 46 CFR 154.1340 - Temperature measuring devices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ...) Each device must actuate an audible and visual alarm at the cargo control station and a remote group... STANDARDS FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS CARRYING BULK LIQUEFIED GASES Design, Construction and Equipment... cargo control station. (c) Except for independent tanks type C, each cargo containment system for a...

  13. 46 CFR 154.1340 - Temperature measuring devices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ...) Each device must actuate an audible and visual alarm at the cargo control station and a remote group... STANDARDS FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS CARRYING BULK LIQUEFIED GASES Design, Construction and Equipment... cargo control station. (c) Except for independent tanks type C, each cargo containment system for a...

  14. 46 CFR 154.1340 - Temperature measuring devices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ...) Each device must actuate an audible and visual alarm at the cargo control station and a remote group... STANDARDS FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS CARRYING BULK LIQUEFIED GASES Design, Construction and Equipment... cargo control station. (c) Except for independent tanks type C, each cargo containment system for a...

  15. 46 CFR 154.1340 - Temperature measuring devices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ...) Each device must actuate an audible and visual alarm at the cargo control station and a remote group... STANDARDS FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS CARRYING BULK LIQUEFIED GASES Design, Construction and Equipment... cargo control station. (c) Except for independent tanks type C, each cargo containment system for a...

  16. 49 CFR 178.345-7 - Circumferential reinforcements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... stiffeners which prevent visual inspection of the cargo tank shell are prohibited on cargo tank motor... PACKAGINGS Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.345-7 Circumferential reinforcements. (a) A cargo tank with a shell thickness of less than 3/8 inch must be circumferentially...

  17. 7 CFR 1499.6 - Payments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... containerized cargoes, a copy of the FGIS Container Condition Inspection Certificate; (5) A signed copy of the...); (ii) A signed copy of the National Cargo Bureau Certificate of Readiness (Vessel Hold Inspection... signed by the originating carrier; (3) For all non-containerized cargoes: (i) A signed copy of the...

  18. 49 CFR 178.337-16 - Testing.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.337-16 Testing. (a) Inspection and tests. Inspection of materials of construction of the cargo tank and its appurtenances and original test and inspection of the... least twice the cargo tank design pressure. (b) Weld testing and inspection. (1) Each cargo tank...

  19. 49 CFR 178.337-16 - Testing.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.337-16 Testing. (a) Inspection and tests. Inspection of materials of construction of the cargo tank and its appurtenances and original test and inspection of the... least twice the cargo tank design pressure. (b) Weld testing and inspection. (1) Each cargo tank...

  20. 49 CFR 178.337-16 - Testing.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.337-16 Testing. (a) Inspection and tests. Inspection of materials of construction of the cargo tank and its appurtenances and original test and inspection of the... least twice the cargo tank design pressure. (b) Weld testing and inspection. (1) Each cargo tank...

  1. 49 CFR 178.345-7 - Circumferential reinforcements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... stiffeners which prevent visual inspection of the cargo tank shell are prohibited on cargo tank motor... PACKAGINGS Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.345-7 Circumferential reinforcements. (a) A cargo tank with a shell thickness of less than 3/8 inch must be circumferentially...

  2. 49 CFR 178.345-14 - Marking.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... cargo tank of a multi-cargo tank motor vehicle), in a place readily accessible for inspection. The... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.345-14 Marking. (a) General. The manufacturer shall certify that each cargo tank motor vehicle has been designed, constructed and tested in accordance with the...

  3. 49 CFR 178.345-7 - Circumferential reinforcements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... stiffeners which prevent visual inspection of the cargo tank shell are prohibited on cargo tank motor... PACKAGINGS Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.345-7 Circumferential reinforcements. (a) A cargo tank with a shell thickness of less than 3/8 inch must be circumferentially...

  4. 49 CFR 178.345-7 - Circumferential reinforcements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... stiffeners which prevent visual inspection of the cargo tank shell are prohibited on cargo tank motor... PACKAGINGS Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.345-7 Circumferential reinforcements. (a) A cargo tank with a shell thickness of less than 3/8 inch must be circumferentially...

  5. 49 CFR 178.345-7 - Circumferential reinforcements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... stiffeners which prevent visual inspection of the cargo tank shell are prohibited on cargo tank motor... PACKAGINGS Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.345-7 Circumferential reinforcements. (a) A cargo tank with a shell thickness of less than 3/8 inch must be circumferentially...

  6. 49 CFR 178.345-14 - Marking.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... cargo tank of a multi-cargo tank motor vehicle), in a place readily accessible for inspection. The... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.345-14 Marking. (a) General. The manufacturer shall certify that each cargo tank motor vehicle has been designed, constructed and tested in accordance with the...

  7. 49 CFR 178.345-14 - Marking.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... cargo tank of a multi-cargo tank motor vehicle), in a place readily accessible for inspection. The... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.345-14 Marking. (a) General. The manufacturer shall certify that each cargo tank motor vehicle has been designed, constructed and tested in accordance with the...

  8. 49 CFR 178.337-16 - Testing.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.337-16 Testing. (a) Inspection and tests. Inspection of materials of construction of the cargo tank and its appurtenances and original test and inspection of the... least twice the cargo tank design pressure. (b) Weld testing and inspection. (1) Each cargo tank...

  9. 49 CFR 178.345-14 - Marking.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... cargo tank of a multi-cargo tank motor vehicle), in a place readily accessible for inspection. The... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.345-14 Marking. (a) General. The manufacturer shall certify that each cargo tank motor vehicle has been designed, constructed and tested in accordance with the...

  10. 7 CFR 1499.6 - Payments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... containerized cargoes, a copy of the FGIS Container Condition Inspection Certificate; (5) A signed copy of the...); (ii) A signed copy of the National Cargo Bureau Certificate of Readiness (Vessel Hold Inspection... signed by the originating carrier; (3) For all non-containerized cargoes: (i) A signed copy of the...

  11. The Role of Cargo Proteins in GGA Recruitment

    PubMed Central

    Hirst, Jennifer; Seaman, Matthew N J; Buschow, Sonja I; Robinson, Margaret S

    2007-01-01

    Coat proteins are recruited onto membranes to form vesicles that transport cargo from one compartment to another, but the extent to which the cargo helps to recruit the coat proteins is still unclear. Here we have examined the role of cargo in the recruitment of Golgi-localized, γ-ear-containing, ADP ribosylation factor (ARF)-binding proteins (GGAs) onto membranes in HeLa cells. Moderate overexpression of CD8 chimeras with cytoplasmic tails containing DXXLL-sorting signals, which bind to GGAs, increased the localization of all three GGAs to perinuclear membranes, as observed by immunofluorescence. GGA2 was also expressed at approximately twofold higher levels in these cells because it was degraded more slowly. However, this difference only partially accounted for the increase in membrane localization because there was a approximately fivefold increase in GGA2 associated with crude membranes and a ∼12-fold increase in GGA2 associated with clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) in cells expressing CD8-DXXLL chimeras. The effect of cargo proteins on GGA recruitment was reconstituted in vitro using permeabilized control and CD8-DXXLL-expressing cells incubated with cytosol containing recombinant GGA2 constructs. Together, these results demonstrate that cargo proteins contribute to the recruitment of GGAs onto membranes and to the formation of GGA-positive CCVs. PMID:17451558

  12. 46 CFR 153.1025 - Motor fuel antiknock compounds.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Motor fuel antiknock compounds. 153.1025 Section 153... Cargo Procedures § 153.1025 Motor fuel antiknock compounds. (a) No person may load or carry any other cargo in a containment system approved for motor fuel antiknock compounds containing lead alkyls except...

  13. South Coast Air Quality Management District Truck Testing | Transportation

    Science.gov Websites

    movement of cargo containers, also known as drayage, creates substantial air pollution in the vicinity of and U.S. Hybrid Corporation, transport cargo containers between the port complex and local rail yards and distribution centers. Utilizing advanced batteries and high-efficiency components, the electric

  14. 46 CFR 153.1025 - Motor fuel antiknock compounds.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Motor fuel antiknock compounds. 153.1025 Section 153... Cargo Procedures § 153.1025 Motor fuel antiknock compounds. (a) No person may load or carry any other cargo in a containment system approved for motor fuel antiknock compounds containing lead alkyls except...

  15. 46 CFR 153.1025 - Motor fuel antiknock compounds.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Motor fuel antiknock compounds. 153.1025 Section 153... Cargo Procedures § 153.1025 Motor fuel antiknock compounds. (a) No person may load or carry any other cargo in a containment system approved for motor fuel antiknock compounds containing lead alkyls except...

  16. 49 CFR 178.346-1 - General requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.346-1 General requirements. (a) Each Specification DOT 406 cargo tank motor vehicle must meet the general design and construction requirements in § 178.345, in addition to the specific requirements contained in this section. (b) MAWP: The MAWP of each cargo tank must...

  17. 49 CFR 178.346-1 - General requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.346-1 General requirements. (a) Each Specification DOT 406 cargo tank motor vehicle must meet the general design and construction requirements in § 178.345, in addition to the specific requirements contained in this section. (b) MAWP: The MAWP of each cargo tank must...

  18. 49 CFR 178.346-1 - General requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.346-1 General requirements. (a) Each Specification DOT 406 cargo tank motor vehicle must meet the general design and construction requirements in § 178.345, in addition to the specific requirements contained in this section. (b) MAWP: The MAWP of each cargo tank must...

  19. 49 CFR 178.346-1 - General requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.346-1 General requirements. (a) Each Specification DOT 406 cargo tank motor vehicle must meet the general design and construction requirements in § 178.345, in addition to the specific requirements contained in this section. (b) MAWP: The MAWP of each cargo tank must...

  20. 49 CFR 453.3 - Detention orders and other orders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS CONTROL AND ENFORCEMENT § 453.3 Detention... maximum extent practicable, make provisions to avoid loss or damage to cargo. (b) Written notice of any..., or other person having actual control over the container involved. Prompt notification is also given...

  1. 49 CFR 453.3 - Detention orders and other orders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS CONTROL AND ENFORCEMENT § 453.3 Detention... maximum extent practicable, make provisions to avoid loss or damage to cargo. (b) Written notice of any..., or other person having actual control over the container involved. Prompt notification is also given...

  2. 49 CFR 453.3 - Detention orders and other orders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS CONTROL AND ENFORCEMENT § 453.3 Detention... maximum extent practicable, make provisions to avoid loss or damage to cargo. (b) Written notice of any..., or other person having actual control over the container involved. Prompt notification is also given...

  3. 49 CFR 453.3 - Detention orders and other orders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS CONTROL AND ENFORCEMENT § 453.3 Detention... maximum extent practicable, make provisions to avoid loss or damage to cargo. (b) Written notice of any..., or other person having actual control over the container involved. Prompt notification is also given...

  4. 49 CFR 453.3 - Detention orders and other orders.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS CONTROL AND ENFORCEMENT § 453.3 Detention... maximum extent practicable, make provisions to avoid loss or damage to cargo. (b) Written notice of any..., or other person having actual control over the container involved. Prompt notification is also given...

  5. 33 CFR 155.310 - Containment of oil and hazardous material cargo discharges.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Containment of oil and hazardous material cargo discharges. 155.310 Section 155.310 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) POLLUTION OIL OR HAZARDOUS MATERIAL POLLUTION PREVENTION REGULATIONS...

  6. Passengers in containers

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Tarkhanovskiy, V.

    1977-01-01

    A futuristic vision of future passenger and cargo transport is presented. To speed up lengthy transit operations, passengers would be accomodated in comfortable, compartment-like containers. Several diagrams show how such containers can be accomodated aboard an aircraft or a helicopter, on a truck, or in a railroad car. A system would result in great economy in both cost and time. Of particular importance is such a system for cargo traffic.

  7. Container System Hardware

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-01-01

    7 class high - speed containerships and their subsequent conversion to a cargo configuration specifically designed for rapid load/unload of military...storage and pump modules though it could be used for general cargo and organizational property. STATUS A procurement contract for 402 shipping frames was...with a secondary role of containerized cargo transfer. The craft will be capable of carrying over 100 short tons of cargo , at a speed of 8 to 15 knots

  8. Container System Hardware Status Report 1990

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1990-01-01

    class high - speed containerships and their subsequent conversion to a cargo configuration specifically designed for rapid load/unload of military...pump modules though it could be used for general cargo and organizational property. STATUS A procurement contract for 402 shipping frames was conducted...for various cargo heights. The second type of flatrack has a maximum cargo capacity of 72 short-tons and has comer posts 13 feet high . The comer posts

  9. 46 CFR 154.407 - Cargo tank internal pressure head.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Equipment Cargo Containment Systems § 154.407 Cargo tank internal pressure head. (a) For the calculation..., resulting from the combined effects of gravity and dynamic accelerations of a full tank)=aβ Zβ Y; where: aβ=dimensionless acceleration relative to the acceleration of gravity resulting from gravitational and dynamic...

  10. 46 CFR 153.935a - Storage of cargo samples.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Operations General Vessel Safety...: (1) A designated and ventilated space in the cargo area of the vessel; or (2) An area approved by the... to the cargo samples; and (3) Apart from other sample bottles containing incompatible liquids (See...

  11. 46 CFR 153.935a - Storage of cargo samples.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Operations General Vessel Safety...: (1) A designated and ventilated space in the cargo area of the vessel; or (2) An area approved by the... to the cargo samples; and (3) Apart from other sample bottles containing incompatible liquids (See...

  12. 46 CFR 153.935a - Storage of cargo samples.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Operations General Vessel Safety...: (1) A designated and ventilated space in the cargo area of the vessel; or (2) An area approved by the... to the cargo samples; and (3) Apart from other sample bottles containing incompatible liquids (See...

  13. 46 CFR 153.935a - Storage of cargo samples.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Operations General Vessel Safety...: (1) A designated and ventilated space in the cargo area of the vessel; or (2) An area approved by the... to the cargo samples; and (3) Apart from other sample bottles containing incompatible liquids (See...

  14. 7 CFR 1599.6 - Payments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... containerized cargoes, a copy of the FGIS Container Condition Inspection Certificate; (5) A signed copy of the... Certificate); (ii) A signed copy of the National Cargo Bureau Certificate of Readiness (Vessel Hold Inspection... rate and signed by the originating carrier; (3) For all non-containerized cargoes: (i) A signed copy of...

  15. 49 CFR 178.337-17 - Marking.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.337-17 Marking. (a) General. Each cargo tank certified... inspection. If the specification plate is attached to the chassis rail, then the cargo tank serial number... plate permanently attached to the cargo tank by brazing, welding, or other suitable means on the left...

  16. 49 CFR 178.337-17 - Marking.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.337-17 Marking. (a) General. Each cargo tank... inspection. If the specification plate is attached to the chassis rail, then the cargo tank serial number... specification plate permanently attached to the cargo tank by brazing, welding, or other suitable means on the...

  17. 7 CFR 1599.6 - Payments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... containerized cargoes, a copy of the FGIS Container Condition Inspection Certificate; (5) A signed copy of the... Certificate); (ii) A signed copy of the National Cargo Bureau Certificate of Readiness (Vessel Hold Inspection... rate and signed by the originating carrier; (3) For all non-containerized cargoes: (i) A signed copy of...

  18. 49 CFR 178.337-17 - Marking.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.337-17 Marking. (a) General. Each cargo tank certified... inspection. If the specification plate is attached to the chassis rail, then the cargo tank serial number... plate permanently attached to the cargo tank by brazing, welding, or other suitable means on the left...

  19. 49 CFR 178.337-17 - Marking.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.337-17 Marking. (a) General. Each cargo tank certified... inspection. If the specification plate is attached to the chassis rail, then the cargo tank serial number... plate permanently attached to the cargo tank by brazing, welding, or other suitable means on the left...

  20. 7 CFR 1599.6 - Payments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... containerized cargoes, a copy of the FGIS Container Condition Inspection Certificate; (5) A signed copy of the... Certificate); (ii) A signed copy of the National Cargo Bureau Certificate of Readiness (Vessel Hold Inspection... rate and signed by the originating carrier; (3) For all non-containerized cargoes: (i) A signed copy of...

  1. 49 CFR 178.337-17 - Marking.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.337-17 Marking. (a) General. Each cargo tank certified... inspection. If the specification plate is attached to the chassis rail, then the cargo tank serial number... plate permanently attached to the cargo tank by brazing, welding, or other suitable means on the left...

  2. 49 CFR 178.346-1 - General requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.346-1 General requirements. (a) Each Specification DOT 406 cargo tank motor vehicle must meet the general design and construction requirements in... each cargo tank must be no lower than 2.65 psig and no higher than 4 psig. (c) Vacuum loaded cargo...

  3. 7 CFR 1599.6 - Payments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... containerized cargoes, a copy of the FGIS Container Condition Inspection Certificate; (5) A signed copy of the... Certificate); (ii) A signed copy of the National Cargo Bureau Certificate of Readiness (Vessel Hold Inspection... rate and signed by the originating carrier; (3) For all non-containerized cargoes: (i) A signed copy of...

  4. 7 CFR 1599.6 - Payments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... containerized cargoes, a copy of the FGIS Container Condition Inspection Certificate; (5) A signed copy of the... Certificate); (ii) A signed copy of the National Cargo Bureau Certificate of Readiness (Vessel Hold Inspection... rate and signed by the originating carrier; (3) For all non-containerized cargoes: (i) A signed copy of...

  5. 29 CFR 1918.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... content of less than 19.5 percent or greater than 23 percent. Intermodal container means a reusable cargo... does not include ship shaped or deep draft barges. Bulling means the horizontal dragging of cargo across a surface with none of the weight of the cargo supported by the fall. Danger zone means any place...

  6. 29 CFR 1918.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... content of less than 19.5 percent or greater than 23 percent. Intermodal container means a reusable cargo... does not include ship shaped or deep draft barges. Bulling means the horizontal dragging of cargo across a surface with none of the weight of the cargo supported by the fall. Danger zone means any place...

  7. 29 CFR 1918.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... content of less than 19.5 percent or greater than 23 percent. Intermodal container means a reusable cargo... does not include ship shaped or deep draft barges. Bulling means the horizontal dragging of cargo across a surface with none of the weight of the cargo supported by the fall. Danger zone means any place...

  8. KSC-07pd3242

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2007-11-06

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- The payload canister containing the Columbus Laboratory module and integrated cargo carrier-lite is lifted up toward the payload changeout room on Launch Pad 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center. Once in place, the canister will be opened and the cargo transferred inside the payload changeout room. The payload will be installed in space shuttle Atlantis' payload bay.The canister contains the Columbus Lab module and integrated cargo carrier-lite payloads for space shuttle Atlantis on mission STS-122. Atlantis is targeted to launch on Dec. 6. Photo credit: NASA/Dimitri Gerondidakis

  9. 46 CFR 38.01-2 - Transportation of portable cylinders or portable tanks containing or having previously contained...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... transported under deck, provided the following requirements are met: (1) The cargo space shall be provided... in accordance with the requirements under which they were manufactured. (7) Electrical circuits in the cargo spaces must meet the hazardous area requirements in subchapter J (Electrical Engineering...

  10. 40 CFR 63.2406 - What definitions apply to this subpart?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    .... Examples of containers include, but are not limited to, drums and portable cargo containers known as... language in § 63.921, the terms “container” and “safety device” shall have the meaning found in this... storage or for further processing downstream. Cargo tank means a liquid-carrying tank permanently attached...

  11. 46 CFR 105.90-1 - Existing commercial fishing vessels dispensing petroleum products.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... systems), 105.25 (Cargo tanks below decks), 105.30 (Electrical). However, these tanks or containers and... of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Major repairs or replacement of such tanks or containers... products. 105.90-1 Section 105.90-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CARGO...

  12. 46 CFR 105.90-1 - Existing commercial fishing vessels dispensing petroleum products.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... systems), 105.25 (Cargo tanks below decks), 105.30 (Electrical). However, these tanks or containers and... of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Major repairs or replacement of such tanks or containers... products. 105.90-1 Section 105.90-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CARGO...

  13. 9 CFR 94.1 - Regions where rinderpest or foot-and-mouth disease exists; importations prohibited.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ..., compartment, or container is sealed, and the loading of any cargo into and the removal of any cargo from the... container are recorded on the foreign meat inspection certificate which accompanies the meat; (5) Upon... PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EXPORTATION AND IMPORTATION OF ANIMALS...

  14. 46 CFR 105.90-1 - Existing commercial fishing vessels dispensing petroleum products.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... systems), 105.25 (Cargo tanks below decks), 105.30 (Electrical). However, these tanks or containers and... of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Major repairs or replacement of such tanks or containers... products. 105.90-1 Section 105.90-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CARGO...

  15. 46 CFR 105.90-1 - Existing commercial fishing vessels dispensing petroleum products.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... systems), 105.25 (Cargo tanks below decks), 105.30 (Electrical). However, these tanks or containers and... of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Major repairs or replacement of such tanks or containers... products. 105.90-1 Section 105.90-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CARGO...

  16. 9 CFR 94.1 - Regions where rinderpest or foot-and-mouth disease exists; importations prohibited.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ..., compartment, or container is sealed, and the loading of any cargo into and the removal of any cargo from the... container are recorded on the foreign meat inspection certificate which accompanies the meat; (5) Upon... PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EXPORTATION AND IMPORTATION OF ANIMALS...

  17. 46 CFR 105.90-1 - Existing commercial fishing vessels dispensing petroleum products.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... systems), 105.25 (Cargo tanks below decks), 105.30 (Electrical). However, these tanks or containers and... of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection. Major repairs or replacement of such tanks or containers... products. 105.90-1 Section 105.90-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CARGO...

  18. X-Ray Scan Detection for Cargo Integrity

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Valencia, Juan D.; Miller, Steven D.

    ABSTRACT The increase of terrorism and its global impact has made the determination of the contents of cargo containers a necessity. Existing technology allows non-intrusive inspections to determine the contents of a container rapidly and accurately. However, some cargo shipments are exempt from such inspections. Hence, there is a need for a technology that enables rapid and accurate means of detecting whether such containers were non-intrusively inspected. Non-intrusive inspections are most commonly performed utilizing high powered X-ray equipment. The challenge is creating a device that can detect short duration X-ray scans while maintaining a portable, battery powered, low cost, andmore » easy to use platform. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) has developed a methodology and prototype device focused on this challenge. The prototype, developed by PNNL, is a battery powered electronic device that continuously measures its X-ray and Gamma exposure, calculates the dose equivalent rate, and makes a determination of whether the device has been exposed to the amount of radiation experienced during an X-ray inspection. Once an inspection is detected, the device will record a timestamp of the event and relay the information to authorized personnel via a visual alert, USB connection, and/or wireless communication. The results of this research demonstrate that PNNL’s prototype device can be effective at determining whether a container was scanned by X-ray equipment typically used for cargo container inspections. This paper focuses on laboratory measurements and test results acquired with the PNNL prototype device using several X-ray radiation levels. Keywords: Radiation, Scan, X-ray, Gamma, Detection, Cargo, Container, Wireless, RF« less

  19. Development of Measurement Methods for Detection of Special Nuclear Materials using D-D Pulsed Neutron Source

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Misawa, Tsuyoshi; Takahashi, Yoshiyuki; Yagi, Takahiro; Pyeon, Cheol Ho; Kimura, Masaharu; Masuda, Kai; Ohgaki, Hideaki

    2015-10-01

    For detection of hidden special nuclear materials (SNMs), we have developed an active neutron-based interrogation system combined with a D-D fusion pulsed neutron source and a neutron detection system. In the detection scheme, we have adopted new measurement techniques simultaneously; neutron noise analysis and neutron energy spectrum analysis. The validity of neutron noise analysis method has been experimentally studied in the Kyoto University Critical Assembly (KUCA), and was applied to a cargo container inspection system by simulation.

  20. Intentional cargo disruption by nefarious means: Examining threats, systemic vulnerabilities and securitisation measures in complex global supply chains.

    PubMed

    McGreevy, Conor; Harrop, Wayne

    2015-01-01

    Global trade and commerce requires products to be securely contained and transferred in a timely way across great distances and between national boundaries. Throughout the process, cargo and containers are stored, handled and checked by a range of authorities and authorised agents. Intermodal transportation involves the use of container ships, planes, railway systems, land bridges, road networks and barges. This paper examines the the nefarious nature of intentional disruption and nefarious risks associated with the movement of cargo and container freight. The paper explores main threats, vulnerabilities and security measures relevant to significant intermodal transit risk issues such as theft, piracy, terrorism, contamination, counterfeiting and product tampering. Three risk and vulnerability models are examined and basic standards and regulations that are relevant to safe and secure transit of container goods across international supply networks are outlined.

  1. A Prototype Large Area Detector Module for Muon Scattering Tomography

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Steer, C.A.; Boakes, J.; Burns, J.

    Abstract-Shielded special nuclear materials (SNM) are of concern as some fissile isotopes have low gamma and neutron emission rates. These materials are also easily shielded to the point where their passive emissions are comparable to background. Consequently, shielded SNM is very challenging for passive radiation detection portals which scan cargo containers. One potential solution for this is to utilise the natural cosmic ray muon background and examine how these muons scatter from materials inside the container volume, terms; the muon scattering tomography (MST) technique measures the three-dimensional localised scattering at all points within a cargo container, providing a degree ofmore » material discrimination. There is the additional benefit that the MST signal increases with the presence of more high density shielding materials, in contrast to passive radiation detection. Simulations and calculations suggest that the effectiveness of the technique is sensitive to the tracking accuracy amongst other parameters, motivating the need to develop practical detector systems that are capable of tracking cosmic ray muons. To this end, we have constructed and tested a 2 m by 2 m demonstration module based on gaseous drift chambers and triggered by a large area scintillator-based detector, which is readout by wavelength shifting fibres. We discuss its design, construction, characterisation and operational challenges. (authors)« less

  2. 10 CFR 73.26 - Transportation physical protection systems, subsystems, components, and procedures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ...(s) shall be loaded into exclusive use cargo containers conforming to American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Standard MH5.1—“Basic Requirements for Cargo Containers” (1971) or International Standards Organization (ISO) 1496, “General Cargo Containers” (1978). Locks and seals shall be inspected by the escorts...

  3. 10 CFR 73.26 - Transportation physical protection systems, subsystems, components, and procedures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ...(s) shall be loaded into exclusive use cargo containers conforming to American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Standard MH5.1—“Basic Requirements for Cargo Containers” (1971) or International Standards Organization (ISO) 1496, “General Cargo Containers” (1978). Locks and seals shall be inspected by the escorts...

  4. 10 CFR 73.26 - Transportation physical protection systems, subsystems, components, and procedures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ...(s) shall be loaded into exclusive use cargo containers conforming to American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Standard MH5.1—“Basic Requirements for Cargo Containers” (1971) or International Standards Organization (ISO) 1496, “General Cargo Containers” (1978). Locks and seals shall be inspected by the escorts...

  5. 22 CFR 89.1 - Prohibitions on Longshore work by U.S. nationals; listing by country.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... of sophisticated cargo-related equipment on container vessels, (2) First opening and last closing of... respect to the particular activities noted: Albania (a) Cargo loading and discharge. (b) Exceptions: (1) Operation of cargo related equipment, (2) Opening and closing of hatches, and (3) Rigging of ship's gear...

  6. 49 CFR 178.345-6 - Supports and anchoring.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.345-6 Supports and anchoring. (a) A cargo tank with a frame not integral to the cargo tank must have the tank secured by restraining devices to..., or turning of the cargo tank motor vehicle. The design calculations of the support elements must...

  7. 76 FR 29028 - Notice of Application for Special Permits

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-19

    ... collapsible, rubber containers up to 500 gallon capacity by cargo aircraft within and to only remote Alaska... Application'' portion of the table below as follows: 1--Motor vehicle, 2--Rail freight, 3--Cargo vessel, 4--Cargo aircraft only, 5--Passenger-carrying aircraft. DATES: Comments must be received on or before June...

  8. 22 CFR 89.1 - Prohibitions on Longshore work by U.S. nationals; listing by country.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... of sophisticated cargo-related equipment on container vessels, (2) First opening and last closing of... respect to the particular activities noted: Albania (a) Cargo loading and discharge. (b) Exceptions: (1) Operation of cargo related equipment, (2) Opening and closing of hatches, and (3) Rigging of ship's gear...

  9. 22 CFR 89.1 - Prohibitions on Longshore work by U.S. nationals; listing by country.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... of sophisticated cargo-related equipment on container vessels, (2) First opening and last closing of... respect to the particular activities noted: Albania (a) Cargo loading and discharge. (b) Exceptions: (1) Operation of cargo related equipment, (2) Opening and closing of hatches, and (3) Rigging of ship's gear...

  10. 22 CFR 89.1 - Prohibitions on Longshore work by U.S. nationals; listing by country.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... of sophisticated cargo-related equipment on container vessels, (2) First opening and last closing of... respect to the particular activities noted: Albania (a) Cargo loading and discharge. (b) Exceptions: (1) Operation of cargo related equipment, (2) Opening and closing of hatches, and (3) Rigging of ship's gear...

  11. 49 CFR 178.345-6 - Supports and anchoring.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.345-6 Supports and anchoring. (a) A cargo tank with a frame not integral to the cargo tank must have the tank secured by restraining devices to..., or turning of the cargo tank motor vehicle. The design calculations of the support elements must...

  12. 49 CFR 178.345-6 - Supports and anchoring.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.345-6 Supports and anchoring. (a) A cargo tank with a frame not integral to the cargo tank must have the tank secured by restraining devices to..., or turning of the cargo tank motor vehicle. The design calculations of the support elements must...

  13. 49 CFR 178.345-6 - Supports and anchoring.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.345-6 Supports and anchoring. (a) A cargo tank with a frame not integral to the cargo tank must have the tank secured by restraining devices to..., or turning of the cargo tank motor vehicle. The design calculations of the support elements must...

  14. Integration of Synaptic Vesicle Cargo Retrieval with Endocytosis at Central Nerve Terminals

    PubMed Central

    Cousin, Michael A.

    2017-01-01

    Central nerve terminals contain a limited number of synaptic vesicles (SVs) which mediate the essential process of neurotransmitter release during their activity-dependent fusion. The rapid and accurate formation of new SVs with the appropriate cargo is essential to maintain neurotransmission in mammalian brain. Generating SVs containing the correct SV cargo with the appropriate stoichiometry is a significant challenge, especially when multiple modes of endocytosis exist in central nerve terminals, which occur at different locations within the nerve terminals. These endocytosis modes include ultrafast endocytosis, clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) and activity-dependent bulk endocytosis (ADBE) which are triggered by specific patterns of neuronal activity. This review article will assess the evidence for the role of classical adaptor protein complexes in SV retrieval, discuss the role of monomeric adaptors and how interactions between specific SV cargoes can facilitate retrieval. In addition it will consider the evidence for preassembled plasma membrane cargo complexes and their role in facilitating these endocytosis modes. Finally it will present a unifying model for cargo retrieval at the presynapse, which integrates endocytosis modes in time and space. PMID:28824381

  15. Operational analysis for the drug detection problem

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hoopengardner, Roger L.; Smith, Michael C.

    1994-10-01

    New techniques and sensors to identify the molecular, chemical, or elemental structures unique to drugs are being developed under several national programs. However, the challenge faced by U.S. drug enforcement and Customs officials goes far beyond the simple technical capability to detect an illegal drug. Entry points into the U.S. include ports, border crossings, and airports where cargo ships, vehicles, and aircraft move huge volumes of freight. Current technology and personnel are able to physically inspect only a small fraction of the entering cargo containers. The complexities of how to best utilize new technology to aid the detection process and yet not adversely affect the processing of vehicles and time-sensitive cargo is the challenge faced by these officials. This paper describes an ARPA sponsored initiative to develop a simple, yet useful, method for examining the operational consequences of utilizing various procedures and technologies in combination to achieve an `acceptable' level of detection probability. Since Customs entry points into the U.S. vary from huge seaports to a one lane highway checkpoint between the U.S. and Canadian or Mexico border, no one system can possibly be right for all points. This approach can examine alternative concepts for using different techniques/systems for different types of entry points. Operational measures reported include the average time to process vehicles and containers, the average and maximum numbers in the system at any time, and the utilization of inspection teams. The method is implemented via a PC-based simulation written in GPSS-PC language. Input to the simulation model is (1) the individual detection probabilities and false positive rates for each detection technology or procedure, (2) the inspection time for each procedure, (3) the system configuration, and (4) the physical distance between inspection stations. The model offers on- line graphics to examine effects as the model runs.

  16. Identification of materials hidden inside a sea-going cargo container filled with an organic cargo by using the tagged neutron inspection system

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sudac, Davorin; Matika, Dario; Valkovic, Vladivoj

    2008-04-01

    A tagged neutron inspection system was used to search for the presence of explosives hidden inside a sea-going cargo container. Several measurements were done with paper, semtex1a and flour samples placed inside a container filled with an organic cargo made of wooden plates. The results of time-of-flight and gamma-ray spectra measurements obtained with a 14 MeV tagged neutron beam have shown that the investigated materials could be well distinguished in a triangle plot with the following coordinates: the number of counts in the carbon peak, the number of counts in the oxygen peak and the number of counts in the transmitted neutron peak. The signature from the semtex1a explosive could be distinguished from the paper and flour signatures in the organic cargo by using the transmission detectors. Some knowledge about the organic matrix type and density is required, otherwise a high rate of false alarm could be expected. According to the present measurements it seems that the system will work in the organic matrix if its density is ⩽0.25 g/cm 3.

  17. Detection of Illicit Drugs with the EURITRACK System

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Perot, B.; Carasco, C.; Valkovic, V.; Sudac, D.; Franulovic, A.

    2009-03-01

    The EURopean Illicit TRAfficking Countermeasures Kit (EURITRACK) inspection system has been developed within the 6th EU Framework Program to complement X-ray scanners in the detection of explosives and other illicit materials hidden in cargo containers. Gamma rays are produced inside the cargo materials by 14 MeV tagged neutron beams, which yields information about the chemical composition of the transported goods. In the beginning of year 2007, the EURITRACK system was implemented in the Seaport of Rijeka, Croatia, primarily to carry out a demonstration using real containers to conduct a series of detection tests. This article reports tests performed with real samples of illicit drugs hidden in a metallic cargo with an average density of 0.2 g/cm3. Heroin and cocaine have been distinguished from benign substances based on their chemical composition. Marijuana, which chemical composition is similar to benign materials, cannot be distinguished from common organic goods. However, the detection of an unexpected organic substance inside the metallic cargo indicates that a suspicious object has been hidden in the container.

  18. 75 FR 64390 - Shipping Coordinating Committee; Notice of Committee Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-19

    ... implementation --Safety of navigation --Dangerous goods, solid cargoes and containers --Training and watchkeeping... against ships --General cargo ship safety --Implementation of instruments and related matters --Relations...

  19. 19 CFR 122.48a - Electronic information for air cargo required in advance of arrival.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... data for incoming cargo that is listed in paragraph (d)(2) of this section: (i) An Automated Broker... based on the smallest external packing unit (M) (for example, 2 pallets containing 50 pieces each would... quantity based on the smallest external packing unit (M) (for example, 2 pallets containing 50 pieces each...

  20. 19 CFR 122.48a - Electronic information for air cargo required in advance of arrival.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... data for incoming cargo that is listed in paragraph (d)(2) of this section: (i) An Automated Broker... based on the smallest external packing unit (M) (for example, 2 pallets containing 50 pieces each would... quantity based on the smallest external packing unit (M) (for example, 2 pallets containing 50 pieces each...

  1. 19 CFR 122.48a - Electronic information for air cargo required in advance of arrival.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... data for incoming cargo that is listed in paragraph (d)(2) of this section: (i) An Automated Broker... based on the smallest external packing unit (M) (for example, 2 pallets containing 50 pieces each would... quantity based on the smallest external packing unit (M) (for example, 2 pallets containing 50 pieces each...

  2. 46 CFR 35.30-35 - Spark producing devices-TB/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... water; (iv) Contain Grade E liquid and are closed and secured; or (v) Are spaces in which flammable... § 35.30-35 Spark producing devices—TB/ALL. (a) Where Grades A, B, C, and D liquid cargoes are involved... oil tanks, cargo pumprooms, or enclosed spaces immediately above or adjacent to bulk cargo tanks...

  3. 46 CFR 35.30-35 - Spark producing devices-TB/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... water; (iv) Contain Grade E liquid and are closed and secured; or (v) Are spaces in which flammable... § 35.30-35 Spark producing devices—TB/ALL. (a) Where Grades A, B, C, and D liquid cargoes are involved... oil tanks, cargo pumprooms, or enclosed spaces immediately above or adjacent to bulk cargo tanks...

  4. 46 CFR 35.30-35 - Spark producing devices-TB/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... water; (iv) Contain Grade E liquid and are closed and secured; or (v) Are spaces in which flammable... § 35.30-35 Spark producing devices—TB/ALL. (a) Where Grades A, B, C, and D liquid cargoes are involved... oil tanks, cargo pumprooms, or enclosed spaces immediately above or adjacent to bulk cargo tanks...

  5. 46 CFR 35.30-35 - Spark producing devices-TB/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... water; (iv) Contain Grade E liquid and are closed and secured; or (v) Are spaces in which flammable... § 35.30-35 Spark producing devices—TB/ALL. (a) Where Grades A, B, C, and D liquid cargoes are involved... oil tanks, cargo pumprooms, or enclosed spaces immediately above or adjacent to bulk cargo tanks...

  6. 46 CFR 35.30-35 - Spark producing devices-TB/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... water; (iv) Contain Grade E liquid and are closed and secured; or (v) Are spaces in which flammable... § 35.30-35 Spark producing devices—TB/ALL. (a) Where Grades A, B, C, and D liquid cargoes are involved... oil tanks, cargo pumprooms, or enclosed spaces immediately above or adjacent to bulk cargo tanks...

  7. Analysis of Waves in Space Plasma (WISP) near field simulation and experiment

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Richie, James E.

    1992-01-01

    The WISP payload scheduler for a 1995 space transportation system (shuttle flight) will include a large power transmitter on board at a wide range of frequencies. The levels of electromagnetic interference/electromagnetic compatibility (EMI/EMC) must be addressed to insure the safety of the shuttle crew. This report is concerned with the simulation and experimental verification of EMI/EMC for the WISP payload in the shuttle cargo bay. The simulations have been carried out using the method of moments for both thin wires and patches to stimulate closed solids. Data obtained from simulation is compared with experimental results. An investigation of the accuracy of the modeling approach is also included. The report begins with a description of the WISP experiment. A description of the model used to simulate the cargo bay follows. The results of the simulation are compared to experimental data on the input impedance of the WISP antenna with the cargo bay present. A discussion of the methods used to verify the accuracy of the model is shown to illustrate appropriate methods for obtaining this information. Finally, suggestions for future work are provided.

  8. Radiography simulation on single-shot dual-spectrum X-ray for cargo inspection system.

    PubMed

    Gil, Youngmi; Oh, Youngdo; Cho, Moohyun; Namkung, Won

    2011-02-01

    We propose a method to identify materials in the dual energy X-ray (DeX) inspection system. This method identifies materials by combining information on the relative proportions T of high-energy and low-energy X-rays transmitted through the material, and the ratio R of the attenuation coefficient of the material when high-energy are used to that when low energy X-rays are used. In Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code (MCNPX) simulations using the same geometry as that of the real container inspection system, this T vs. R method successfully identified tissue-equivalent plastic and several metals. In further simulations, the single-shot mode of operating the accelerator led to better distinguishing of materials than the dual-shot system. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  9. SNM detection with an optimized water Cherenkov neutron detector

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dazeley, S.; Sweany, M.; Bernstein, A.

    2012-11-01

    Special Nuclear Material (SNM) can either spontaneously fission or be induced to do so: either case results in neutron emission. For this reason, neutron detection performs a crucial role in the functionality of Radiation Portal Monitoring (RPM) devices. Since neutrons are highly penetrating and difficult to shield, they could potentially be detected escaping even a well-shielded cargo container. If the shielding were sophisticated, detecting escaping neutrons would require a highly efficient detector with close to full solid angle coverage. In 2008, we reported the successful detection of neutrons with a 250 liter (l) gadolinium doped water Cherenkov prototype [1]—a technology that could potentially be employed cost effectively with full solid angle coverage. More recently we have built and tested both 1-kl and 3.5-kl versions [2], demonstrating that very large, cost effective, non-flammable and environmentally benign neutron detectors can be operated efficiently without being overwhelmed by background. In this paper, we present a new design for a modular system of water-based neutron detectors that could be deployed as a real RPM. The modules contain a number of optimizations that have not previously been combined within a single system. We present simulations of the new system, based on the performance of our previous detectors. Our simulations indicate that an optimized system such as is presented here could achieve SNM sensitivity competitive with a large 3He-based system. Moreover, the realization of large, cost effective neutron detectors could, for the first time, enable the detection of multiple neutrons per fission from within a large object such as a cargo container. Such a signal would provide a robust indication of the presence of fissioning material, reducing the frequency of false alarms while increasing sensitivity.

  10. SNM Detection with an Optimized Water Cherenkov Neutron Detector

    DOE PAGES

    Dazeley, S.; Sweany, M.; Bernstein, A.

    2012-07-23

    Special Nuclear Material (SNM) can either spontaneously fission or be induced to do so: either case results in neutron emission. For this reason, neutron detection performs a crucial role in the functionality of Radiation Portal Monitoring (RPM) devices. Since neutrons are highly penetrating and difficult to shield, they could potentially be detected escaping even a well-shielded cargo container. If the shielding were sophisticated, detecting escaping neutrons would require a highly efficient detector with close to full solid angle coverage. In 2008, we reported the successful detection of neutrons with a 250 liter (l) gadolinium doped water Cherenkov prototype—a technology thatmore » could potentially be employed cost effectively with full solid angle coverage. More recently we have built and tested both 1-kl and 3.5-kl versions, demonstrating that very large, cost effective, non-flammable and environmentally benign neutron detectors can be operated efficiently without being overwhelmed by background. In our paper, we present a new design for a modular system of water-based neutron detectors that could be deployed as a real RPM. The modules contain a number of optimizations that have not previously been combined within a single system. We present simulations of the new system, based on the performance of our previous detectors. These simulations indicate that an optimized system such as is presented here could achieve SNM sensitivity competitive with a large 3He-based system. Moreover, the realization of large, cost effective neutron detectors could, for the first time, enable the detection of multiple neutrons per fission from within a large object such as a cargo container. Such a signal would provide a robust indication of the presence of fissioning material, reducing the frequency of false alarms while increasing sensitivity.« less

  11. 77 FR 21619 - Shipping Coordinating Committee; Notice of Committee Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-10

    ... goods, solid cargoes and containers; Stability, load lines and fishing vessel safety; Bulk liquids and... safety assessment; Piracy and armed robbery against ships; General cargo ship safety; Implementation of...

  12. X-ray cargo container inspection system with few-view projection imaging

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Duan, Xinhui; Cheng, Jianping; Zhang, Li; Xing, Yuxiang; Chen, Zhiqiang; Zhao, Ziran

    2009-01-01

    An X-ray cargo inspection system with few-view projection imaging is developed for detecting contraband in air containers. This paper describes this developing inspection system, including its configuration and the process of inspection using three imaging modalities: digital radiography (DR), few view imaging and computed tomography (CT). The few-view imaging can provide 3D images with much faster scanning speed than CT and do great help to quickly locate suspicious cargo in a container. An algorithm to reconstruct tomographic images from severely sparse projection data of few-view imaging is discussed. A cooperative work manner of the three modalities is presented to make the inspection more convenient and effective. Numerous experiments of performance tests and modality comparison are performed on our system for inspecting air containers. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of our methods and implementation of few-view imaging in practical inspection systems.

  13. Flow analysis of new type propulsion system for UV’s

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Eimanis, M.; Auzins, J.

    2017-10-01

    This paper presents an original design of an autonomous underwater vehicle where thrust force is created by the helicoidal shape of the hull rather than screw propellers. Propulsion force is created by counter-rotating bow and stern parts. The middle part of the vehicle has the function of a cargo compartment containing all control mechanisms and communications. It’s made of elastic material, containing a Cardan-joint mechanism, which allows changing the direction of vehicle, actuated by bending drives. A bending drive velocity control algorithm for the automatic control of vehicle movement direction is proposed. The dynamics of AUV are simulated using multibody simulation software MSC Adams. For the simulation of water resistance forces and torques the surrogate polynomial metamodels are created on the basis of computer experiments with CFD software. For flow interaction with model geometry the simplified vehicle model is submerged in fluid medium using special CFD software, with the same idea used in wind tunnel experiments. The simulation results are compared with measurements of the AUV prototype, created at Institute of Mechanics of Riga Technical University. Experiments with the prototype showed good agreement with simulation results and confirmed the effectiveness and the future potential of the proposed principle.

  14. 46 CFR 154.904 - Inert gas system: Controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Atmospheric Control in Cargo Containment Systems § 154.904 Inert gas system: Controls. The inert gas system... the cargo area meeting paragraph (a) of this section; (c) Automatic and manual inert gas pressure...

  15. 49 CFR 173.315 - Compressed gases in cargo tanks and portable tanks.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    .... (b) of this section See par. (b) of this section DOT-51, MC-330, MC-331 100. Carbon dioxide...-338 275; see Note 11. Hexafluoropropylene 110 See Note 7 DOT-51, MC-330, MC-331 250. Hydrogen chloride... as specified for MC 331 cargo tanks. Note 3: If cargo tanks and portable tank containers for carbon...

  16. 49 CFR 173.315 - Compressed gases in cargo tanks and portable tanks.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    .... (b) of this section See par. (b) of this section DOT-51, MC-330, MC-331 100. Carbon dioxide...-338 275; see Note 11. Hexafluoropropylene 110 See Note 7 DOT-51, MC-330, MC-331 250. Hydrogen chloride... as specified for MC 331 cargo tanks. Note 3: If cargo tanks and portable tank containers for carbon...

  17. 49 CFR 173.315 - Compressed gases in cargo tanks and portable tanks.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    .... (b) of this section See par. (b) of this section DOT-51, MC-330, MC-331 100. Carbon dioxide...-338 275; see Note 11. Hexafluoropropylene 110 See Note 7 DOT-51, MC-330, MC-331 250. Hydrogen chloride... as specified for MC 331 cargo tanks. Note 3: If cargo tanks and portable tank containers for carbon...

  18. 49 CFR 173.315 - Compressed gases in cargo tanks and portable tanks.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    .... (b) of this section See par. (b) of this section DOT-51, MC-330, MC-331 100. Carbon dioxide...-338 275; see Note 11. Hexafluoropropylene 110 See Note 7 DOT-51, MC-330, MC-331 250. Hydrogen chloride... as specified for MC 331 cargo tanks. Note 3: If cargo tanks and portable tank containers for carbon...

  19. 19 CFR 10.41a - Lift vans, cargo vans, shipping tanks, skids, pallets, and similar instruments of international...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... for inspection by Customs officials upon reasonable notice. (3) If the container does not exit the U.S... 19 Customs Duties 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Lift vans, cargo vans, shipping tanks, skids... Traffic § 10.41a Lift vans, cargo vans, shipping tanks, skids, pallets, and similar instruments of...

  20. 19 CFR 10.41a - Lift vans, cargo vans, shipping tanks, skids, pallets, and similar instruments of international...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... for inspection by Customs officials upon reasonable notice. (3) If the container does not exit the U.S... 19 Customs Duties 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Lift vans, cargo vans, shipping tanks, skids... Traffic § 10.41a Lift vans, cargo vans, shipping tanks, skids, pallets, and similar instruments of...

  1. 19 CFR 10.41a - Lift vans, cargo vans, shipping tanks, skids, pallets, and similar instruments of international...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... for inspection by Customs officials upon reasonable notice. (3) If the container does not exit the U.S... 19 Customs Duties 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Lift vans, cargo vans, shipping tanks, skids... Traffic § 10.41a Lift vans, cargo vans, shipping tanks, skids, pallets, and similar instruments of...

  2. 75 FR 52591 - New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Requirements on Gasoline Transport Vehicles

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-26

    ... requirements in the HMR on the marking, maintaining, repairing, or testing of a package or container that is... gasoline cargo tanks. Documentation that the cargo tank has met the specifications of EPA Method 27 shall be carried on the cargo tank.'' 73 FR at 1949 (emphasis supplied). In addition, EPA has advised PHMSA...

  3. Radiological risks from irradiation of cargo contents with EURITRACK neutron inspection systems

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Giroletti, E.; Bonomi, G.; Donzella, A.; Viesti, G.; Zenoni, A.

    2012-07-01

    The radiological risk for the population related to the neutron irradiation of cargo containers with a tagged neutron inspection system has been studied. Two possible effects on the public health have been assessed: the modification of the nutritional and organoleptic properties of the irradiated materials, in particular foodstuff, and the neutron activation of consumer products (i.e. food and pharmaceuticals). The result of this study is that irradiation of food and foodstuff, pharmaceutical and medical devices in container cargoes would neither modify the properties of the irradiated material nor produce effective doses of concern for public health. Furthermore, the dose received by possible stowaways present inside the container during the inspection is less than the annual effective dose limit defined by European Legislation for the public.

  4. Mechanistic Insights from Structural Analyses of Ran-GTPase-Driven Nuclear Export of Proteins and RNAs.

    PubMed

    Matsuura, Yoshiyuki

    2016-05-22

    Understanding how macromolecules are rapidly exchanged between the nucleus and the cytoplasm through nuclear pore complexes is a fundamental problem in biology. Exportins are Ran-GTPase-dependent nuclear transport factors that belong to the karyopherin-β family and mediate nuclear export of a plethora of proteins and RNAs, except for bulk mRNA nuclear export. Exportins bind cargo macromolecules in a Ran-GTP-dependent manner in the nucleus, forming exportin-cargo-Ran-GTP complexes (nuclear export complexes). Transient weak interactions between exportins and nucleoporins containing characteristic FG (phenylalanine-glycine) repeat motifs facilitate nuclear pore complex passage of nuclear export complexes. In the cytoplasm, nuclear export complexes are disassembled, thereby releasing the cargo. GTP hydrolysis by Ran promoted in the cytoplasm makes the disassembly reaction virtually irreversible and provides thermodynamic driving force for the overall export reaction. In the past decade, X-ray crystallography of some of the exportins in various functional states coupled with functional analyses, single-particle electron microscopy, molecular dynamics simulations, and small-angle solution X-ray scattering has provided rich insights into the mechanism of cargo binding and release and also begins to elucidate how exportins interact with the FG repeat motifs. The knowledge gained from structural analyses of nuclear export is being translated into development of clinically useful inhibitors of nuclear export to treat human diseases such as cancer and influenza. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  5. Photon attenuation and neutron moderation correction factors for the inspection of cargo containers with tagged neutrons

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Carasco, C.; Perot, B.; Viesti, G.; Valkovic, V.; Sudac, D.; Bernard, S.; Mariani, A.; Szabo, J.-L.; Sannie, G.; Lunardon, M.; Bottosso, C.; Moretto, S.; Pesente, S.; Peerani, P.; Sequeira, V.; Salvato, M.

    2007-11-01

    The EURopean Illicit TRAfficking Countermeasures Kit (EURITRACK) inspection system uses 14 MeV neutrons produced by the D(T,n α) reaction to detect explosives in cargo containers. Fast-neutron-induced reactions inside the container produce gamma rays, which are detected in coincidence with the associated alpha particle. The definition of the neutron path and the time-of-flight measurement allow positioning the source of the gamma ray inside the container, while the chemical composition of the target material is correlated with the energy spectrum of the coincident gamma rays. However, in case of dense cargo, neutron moderation and photon attenuation inside the container make difficult the reconstruction of the material composition from the measured gamma-ray energy spectrum. An analytical method has been developed and validated against experimental data, which allows obtaining the chemical carbon-to-oxygen and carbon-to-nitrogen ratios of the inspected items from the gamma-ray energy spectra. The principle of the method is presented along with validation tests.

  6. Identification and Imaging of Special Nuclear Materials and Contraband using Active x-ray Interrogation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Van Liew, Seth; Bertozzi, William; D'Olympia, Nathan; Franklin, Wilbur A.; Korbly, Stephen E.; Ledoux, Robert J.; Wilson, Cody M.

    A x-ray inspection system utilizing a continuous-wave 9 MeV rhodotron x-ray source for scanning cargo containers is presented. This system scans for contraband, anomalies, stowaway passengers, and nuclear threats for trucks and towed cargo containers. A transmission image is generated concurrently with a 3D image of the cargo, the latter presenting material information in the form of atomic number and density. Neutrons from photofission are also detected during each scan. In addition, nuclear resonance fluorescence detectors are capable of identifying specific isotopes. This system has recently been deployed at the Port of Boston.

  7. 10 CFR 73.25 - Performance capabilities for physical protection of strategic special nuclear material in transit.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... tampering with transports and cargo containers; and (iii) Surveillance subsystems and procedures to detect... to establish activities for transferring cargo in emergency situations; and (iii) Removal controls...

  8. 10 CFR 73.25 - Performance capabilities for physical protection of strategic special nuclear material in transit.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... tampering with transports and cargo containers; and (iii) Surveillance subsystems and procedures to detect... to establish activities for transferring cargo in emergency situations; and (iii) Removal controls...

  9. Results of intravehicular manned cargo-transfer studies in simulated weightlessness

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Spady, A. A., Jr.; Beasley, G. P.; Yenni, K. R.; Eisele, D. F.

    1972-01-01

    A parametric investigation was conducted in a water immersion simulator to determine the effect of package mass, moment of inertia, and size on the ability of man to transfer cargo in simulated weightlessness. Results from this study indicate that packages with masses of at least 744 kg and moments of inertia of at least 386 kg-m2 can be manually handled and transferred satisfactorily under intravehicular conditions using either one- or two-rail motion aids. Data leading to the conclusions and discussions of test procedures and equipment are presented.

  10. Bomber Deployments: A New Power Projection Strategy

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-08-21

    civilian cargo airlift. The second quantitative analysis will assess the B-52 direct aviation support UTCs containing support equipment. B-52 UTCs...troops and cargo back and forth to the theater of operations. Operation IRAQI FREEDOM tested airlift capabilities when multiple services placed their...the quantitative analysis shows, to move all of the support equipment for one bomber squadron can be expensive and tie up valuable cargo aircraft

  11. Hybrid Monte Carlo/Deterministic Methods for Accelerating Active Interrogation Modeling

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Peplow, Douglas E.; Miller, Thomas Martin; Patton, Bruce W

    2013-01-01

    The potential for smuggling special nuclear material (SNM) into the United States is a major concern to homeland security, so federal agencies are investigating a variety of preventive measures, including detection and interdiction of SNM during transport. One approach for SNM detection, called active interrogation, uses a radiation source, such as a beam of neutrons or photons, to scan cargo containers and detect the products of induced fissions. In realistic cargo transport scenarios, the process of inducing and detecting fissions in SNM is difficult due to the presence of various and potentially thick materials between the radiation source and themore » SNM, and the practical limitations on radiation source strength and detection capabilities. Therefore, computer simulations are being used, along with experimental measurements, in efforts to design effective active interrogation detection systems. The computer simulations mostly consist of simulating radiation transport from the source to the detector region(s). Although the Monte Carlo method is predominantly used for these simulations, difficulties persist related to calculating statistically meaningful detector responses in practical computing times, thereby limiting their usefulness for design and evaluation of practical active interrogation systems. In previous work, the benefits of hybrid methods that use the results of approximate deterministic transport calculations to accelerate high-fidelity Monte Carlo simulations have been demonstrated for source-detector type problems. In this work, the hybrid methods are applied and evaluated for three example active interrogation problems. Additionally, a new approach is presented that uses multiple goal-based importance functions depending on a particle s relevance to the ultimate goal of the simulation. Results from the examples demonstrate that the application of hybrid methods to active interrogation problems dramatically increases their calculational efficiency.« less

  12. Scatter in Cargo Radiography

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Miller, Erin A.; Caggiano, Joseph A.; Runkle, Robert C.

    As a complement to passive detection systems, radiographic inspection of cargo is an increasingly important tool for homeland security because it has the potential to detect highly attenuating objects associated with special nuclear material or surrounding shielding. Detecting such objects relies on high image contrast between regions of different density and atomic number (Z). Threat detection is affected by scatter of the interrogating beam, both in the cargo and surrounding objects, which degrades image contrast. Here, we work to determine the extent to which scatter plays a role in radiographic imaging of cargo containers.

  13. Air cargo in the Mid-America Freight Coalition region.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2012-08-01

    This report contains a contextual review of air cargo transportation in the 10-state Mid-America Freight Coalition (MAFC) region including the industrys recent history, security implications, and integration within the greater MAFC economy. The re...

  14. 46 CFR 38.05-1 - Design and construction of vessels-general-TB/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... of cargo tanks and piping shall have adequate notch toughness at the service temperature. Where a... sufficient notch toughness at the lowest temperature which may result during the containment of leakage cargo...

  15. Gamma/x-ray linear pushbroom stereo for 3D cargo inspection

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhu, Zhigang; Hu, Yu-Chi

    2006-05-01

    For evaluating the contents of trucks, containers, cargo, and passenger vehicles by a non-intrusive gamma-ray or X-ray imaging system to determine the possible presence of contraband, three-dimensional (3D) measurements could provide more information than 2D measurements. In this paper, a linear pushbroom scanning model is built for such a commonly used gamma-ray or x-ray cargo inspection system. Accurate 3D measurements of the objects inside a cargo can be obtained by using two such scanning systems with different scanning angles to construct a pushbroom stereo system. A simple but robust calibration method is proposed to find the important parameters of the linear pushbroom sensors. Then, a fast and automated stereo matching algorithm based on free-form deformable registration is developed to obtain 3D measurements of the objects under inspection. A user interface is designed for 3D visualization of the objects in interests. Experimental results of sensor calibration, stereo matching, 3D measurements and visualization of a 3D cargo container and the objects inside, are presented.

  16. Kinesin regulation dynamics through cargo delivery, a single molecule investigation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kovacs, Anthony; Kessler, Jonathan; Lin, Huawen; Dutcher, Susan; Wang, Yan Mei

    2015-03-01

    Kinesins are microtubule-based motors that deliver cargo to their destinations in a highly regulated manner. Although in recent years numerous regulators of cargo delivery have been identified, the regulation mechanism of kinesin through the cargo delivery and recycling process is not known. By performing single molecule fluorescence imaging measurements in Chlamydomonas flagella, which are 200 nm in diameter, 10 microns in length, and contain 9 sets of microtubule doublets, we tracked the intraflagellar transport (IFT) trains, BBSome cargo, and kinesin-2 motors through the cargo delivery process and determined the aforementioned dynamics. Upon arrival at the microtubule plus end at the flagellar tip, (1) IFT trains and BBSome cargo remain intact, dissociate together from kinesins and microtubules, and diffuse along flagellar membrane for a mean of 2.3 sec before commencing retrograde travel. (2) Kinesin motors remain bound to and diffuse along microtubules for 1.3 sec before dissociating into the flagellar lumen for recycling.

  17. Characteristics of future air cargo demand and impact on aircraft development: A report on the Cargo/Logistic Airlift Systems Study (CLASS) project

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Whitehead, A. H., Jr.

    1978-01-01

    Current domestic and international air cargo operations are studied and the characteristics of 1990 air cargo demand are postulated from surveys conducted at airports and with shippers, consignees, and freight forwarders as well as air, land, and ocean carriers. Simulation and route optimization programs are exercised to evaluate advanced aircraft concepts. The results show that proposed changes in the infrastructure and improved cargo loading efficiencies are as important enhancing the prospects of air cargo growth as is the advent of advanced freighter aircraft. Potential reductions in aircraft direct operating costs are estimated and related to future total revenue. Service and cost elasticities are established and utilized to estimate future potential tariff reductions that may be realized through direct and indirect operating cost reductions and economies of scale.

  18. 46 CFR 154.1755 - Nitrogen.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SAFETY STANDARDS FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS CARRYING BULK LIQUEFIED GASES Special Design and Operating Requirements § 154.1755 Nitrogen. Except for deck tanks and their piping systems, cargo containment systems and piping systems...

  19. 75 FR 25150 - NVOCC Negotiated Rate Arrangements

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-05-07

    ....; Kuehne + Nagel, Agent of Blue Anchor Line, Division of Transpac Container System, Ltd.; John S. Connor, Inc.; Panalpina, Inc.; American International Cargo Service, Inc.; Barthco Transportation Services... International, Inc.; American International Forwarding; A.N. Deringer, Inc.; Balguerie; Camelot Company; Cargo...

  20. Investigation in Simulated Vertical Descent of the Characteristics of a Cargo-Dropping Device having Extensible Rotating Blades

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Stone, Ralph W., Jr.; Hultz, Burton E.

    1949-01-01

    The characteristics of a cargo-dropping device having extensible rotating blades as load-carrying surfaces have been studied in simulated vertical descent in the Langley 20-foot free-spinning tunnel. The investigation included tests to determine the variation in vertical sinking speed with load. A study of the blade characteristics and of the test results indicated a method of dynamically balancing the blades to permit proper functioning of the device.

  1. Many-molecule encapsulation by an icosahedral shell

    PubMed Central

    Perlmutter, Jason D; Mohajerani, Farzaneh; Hagan, Michael F

    2016-01-01

    We computationally study how an icosahedral shell assembles around hundreds of molecules. Such a process occurs during the formation of the carboxysome, a bacterial microcompartment that assembles around many copies of the enzymes ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ oxygenase and carbonic anhydrase to facilitate carbon fixation in cyanobacteria. Our simulations identify two classes of assembly pathways leading to encapsulation of many-molecule cargoes. In one, shell assembly proceeds concomitantly with cargo condensation. In the other, the cargo first forms a dense globule; then, shell proteins assemble around and bud from the condensed cargo complex. Although the model is simplified, the simulations predict intermediates and closure mechanisms not accessible in experiments, and show how assembly can be tuned between these two pathways by modulating protein interactions. In addition to elucidating assembly pathways and critical control parameters for microcompartment assembly, our results may guide the reengineering of viruses as nanoreactors that self-assemble around their reactants. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.14078.001 PMID:27166515

  2. Dynamic optimization of cargo movement by trucks in metropolitan areas with adjacent ports

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2002-06-01

    Today, in the trucking industry, dispatchers perform the tasks of cargo assignment, and driver scheduling. The growing number of containers processed at marine centers and the increasing traffic congestion in metropolitan areas adjacent to marine por...

  3. 46 CFR 153.1040 - Carbon disulfide.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Operations Special Cargo Procedures... carbon disulfide unless: (1) The containment system has a gas free certificate issued under the standards...

  4. Using Monte Carlo Simulation To Improve Cargo Mass Estimates For International Space Station Commercial Resupply Flights

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-12-01

    laboratory. The transition of this function to the commercial sector under Firm Fixed-Price contracting has forced both NASA and commercial providers to...adjust to make this effort successful. Improving bag-level cargo launch manifests delivered from NASA to the provider more than a year in advance is...contracting has forced both NASA and commercial providers to adjust to make this effort successful. Improving bag-level cargo launch manifests delivered from

  5. Length of encapsidated cargo impacts stability and structure of in vitro assembled alphavirus core-like particles

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rayaprolu, Vamseedhar; Moore, Alan; Che-Yen Wang, Joseph; Goh, Boon Chong; Perilla, Juan R.; Zlotnick, Adam; Mukhopadhyay, Suchetana

    2017-12-01

    In vitro assembly of alphavirus nucleocapsid cores, called core-like particles (CLPs), requires a polyanionic cargo. There are no sequence or structure requirements to encapsidate single-stranded nucleic acid cargo. In this work, we wanted to determine how the length of the cargo impacts the stability and structure of the assembled CLPs. We hypothesized that cargo neutralizes the basic region of the alphavirus capsid protein and if the cargo is long enough, it will also act to scaffold the CP monomers together. Experimentally we found that CLPs encapsidating short 27mer oligonucleotides were less stable than CLPs encapsidating 48mer or 90mer oligonucleotides under different chemical and thermal conditions. Furthermore, cryo-EM studies showed there were structural differences between CLPs assembled with 27mer and 48mer cargo. To mimic the role of the cargo in CLP assembly we made a mutant (4D) where we substituted a cluster of four Lys residues in the CP with four Asp residues. We found that these few amino acid substitutions were enough to initiate CLP assembly in the absence of cargo. The cargo-free 4D CLPs show higher resistance to ionic strength and increased temperature compared to wild-type cargo containing CLPs suggesting their CLP assembly mechanism might also be different.

  6. 49 CFR 451.15 - Application for individual approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of New Containers § 451.15 Application for individual approval. (a) For approval of new containers... the container. ...

  7. 49 CFR 451.15 - Application for individual approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of New Containers § 451.15 Application for individual approval. (a) For approval of new containers... the container. ...

  8. 49 CFR 451.15 - Application for individual approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of New Containers § 451.15 Application for individual approval. (a) For approval of new containers... the container. ...

  9. 49 CFR 451.15 - Application for individual approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of New Containers § 451.15 Application for individual approval. (a) For approval of new containers... the container. ...

  10. 49 CFR 451.15 - Application for individual approval.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of New Containers § 451.15 Application for individual approval. (a) For approval of new containers... the container. ...

  11. Development and validation of a piloted simulation of a helicopter and external sling load

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shaughnessy, J. D.; Deaux, T. N.; Yenni, K. R.

    1979-01-01

    A generalized, real time, piloted, visual simulation of a single rotor helicopter, suspension system, and external load is described and validated for the full flight envelope of the U.S. Army CH-54 helicopter and cargo container as an example. The mathematical model described uses modified nonlinear classical rotor theory for both the main rotor and tail rotor, nonlinear fuselage aerodynamics, an elastic suspension system, nonlinear load aerodynamics, and a loadground contact model. The implementation of the mathematical model on a large digital computing system is described, and validation of the simulation is discussed. The mathematical model is validated by comparing measured flight data with simulated data, by comparing linearized system matrices, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors with manufacturers' data, and by the subjective comparison of handling characteristics by experienced pilots. A visual landing display system for use in simulation which generates the pilot's forward looking real world display was examined and a special head up, down looking load/landing zone display is described.

  12. Container System Hardware Status Report 1991

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1991-01-01

    high , and 20’ long. Gross shipping weight is 20,000 pounds with a tare weight of approximately 5,200 pounds...developed to perform in Army Logistics-Over-The-Shore (LOTS) missions. The primary cargo will be vehicles and outsized cargo , with a secondary role of...transporting heavy, outsized cargo . The vessel has a self-delivery range of 6,500 nautical miles at service speed of 11.5 knots and is capable of sustaining a

  13. 46 CFR 105.15-1 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... part. (c) A vessel with temporarily installed cargo tanks or containers shall be inspected annually, or..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CARGO AND MISCELLANEOUS VESSELS COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS DISPENSING PETROLEUM PRODUCTS Inspection Required § 105.15-1 General. (a) Before a commercial fishing vessel...

  14. 46 CFR 105.15-1 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... part. (c) A vessel with temporarily installed cargo tanks or containers shall be inspected annually, or..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CARGO AND MISCELLANEOUS VESSELS COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS DISPENSING PETROLEUM PRODUCTS Inspection Required § 105.15-1 General. (a) Before a commercial fishing vessel...

  15. 46 CFR 105.15-1 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... part. (c) A vessel with temporarily installed cargo tanks or containers shall be inspected annually, or..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CARGO AND MISCELLANEOUS VESSELS COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS DISPENSING PETROLEUM PRODUCTS Inspection Required § 105.15-1 General. (a) Before a commercial fishing vessel...

  16. 46 CFR 98.30-2 - Incorporation by Reference.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CARGO AND MISCELLANEOUS VESSELS SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION, ARRANGEMENT, AND OTHER PROVISIONS FOR CERTAIN DANGEROUS CARGOES IN BULK Portable Tanks and Intermediate Bulk Containers § 98.30-2 Incorporation by Reference. (a) Certain material is incorporated by...

  17. 46 CFR 105.15-1 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... part. (c) A vessel with temporarily installed cargo tanks or containers shall be inspected annually, or..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CARGO AND MISCELLANEOUS VESSELS COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS DISPENSING PETROLEUM PRODUCTS Inspection Required § 105.15-1 General. (a) Before a commercial fishing vessel...

  18. 46 CFR 105.15-1 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... part. (c) A vessel with temporarily installed cargo tanks or containers shall be inspected annually, or..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CARGO AND MISCELLANEOUS VESSELS COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS DISPENSING PETROLEUM PRODUCTS Inspection Required § 105.15-1 General. (a) Before a commercial fishing vessel...

  19. X-ray scan detection for cargo integrity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Valencia, Juan; Miller, Steve

    2011-04-01

    The increase of terrorism and its global impact has made the determination of the contents of cargo containers a necessity. Existing technology allows non-intrusive inspections to determine the contents of a container rapidly and accurately. However, some cargo shipments are exempt from such inspections. Hence, there is a need for a technology that enables rapid and accurate means of detecting whether such containers were non-intrusively inspected. Non-intrusive inspections are most commonly performed utilizing high powered X-ray equipment. The challenge is creating a device that can detect short duration X-ray scans while maintaining a portable, battery powered, low cost, and easy to use platform. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) has developed a methodology and prototype device focused on this challenge. The prototype, developed by PNNL, is a battery powered electronic device that continuously measures its X-ray and Gamma exposure, calculates the dose equivalent rate, and makes a determination of whether the device has been exposed to the amount of radiation experienced during an X-ray inspection. Once an inspection is detected, the device will record a timestamp of the event and relay the information to authorized personnel via a visual alert, USB connection, and/or wireless communication. The results of this research demonstrate that PNNL's prototype device can be effective at determining whether a container was scanned by X-ray equipment typically used for cargo container inspections. This paper focuses on laboratory measurements and test results acquired with the PNNL prototype device using several X-ray radiation levels.

  20. Simulation of the Predictive Control Algorithm for Container Crane Operation using Matlab Fuzzy Logic Tool Box

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Richardson, Albert O.

    1997-01-01

    This research has investigated the use of fuzzy logic, via the Matlab Fuzzy Logic Tool Box, to design optimized controller systems. The engineering system for which the controller was designed and simulate was the container crane. The fuzzy logic algorithm that was investigated was the 'predictive control' algorithm. The plant dynamics of the container crane is representative of many important systems including robotic arm movements. The container crane that was investigated had a trolley motor and hoist motor. Total distance to be traveled by the trolley was 15 meters. The obstruction height was 5 meters. Crane height was 17.8 meters. Trolley mass was 7500 kilograms. Load mass was 6450 kilograms. Maximum trolley and rope velocities were 1.25 meters per sec. and 0.3 meters per sec., respectively. The fuzzy logic approach allowed the inclusion, in the controller model, of performance indices that are more effectively defined in linguistic terms. These include 'safety' and 'cargo swaying'. Two fuzzy inference systems were implemented using the Matlab simulation package, namely the Mamdani system (which relates fuzzy input variables to fuzzy output variables), and the Sugeno system (which relates fuzzy input variables to crisp output variable). It is found that the Sugeno FIS is better suited to including aspects of those plant dynamics whose mathematical relationships can be determined.

  1. 49 CFR 451.5 - Resubmission or appeal.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of Existing Containers § 451.5 Resubmission or appeal. (a) Upon receipt of a denial of approval for certain containers...

  2. 49 CFR 451.5 - Resubmission or appeal.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of Existing Containers § 451.5 Resubmission or appeal. (a) Upon receipt of a denial of approval for certain containers...

  3. 49 CFR 451.5 - Resubmission or appeal.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of Existing Containers § 451.5 Resubmission or appeal. (a) Upon receipt of a denial of approval for certain containers...

  4. 49 CFR 451.5 - Resubmission or appeal.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of Existing Containers § 451.5 Resubmission or appeal. (a) Upon receipt of a denial of approval for certain containers...

  5. 49 CFR 451.5 - Resubmission or appeal.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of Existing Containers § 451.5 Resubmission or appeal. (a) Upon receipt of a denial of approval for certain containers...

  6. A multioutput cost function for port terminals : some guidelines for regulation

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2003-10-01

    Cargo handling in ports is a multi-output activity, as freight can arrive in many forms such as containers, bulk, rolling stock, or non-containerized general cargo. Port regulation is not an easy task considering the diversity of activities that occu...

  7. 7 CFR 1499.6 - Payments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... carrier; (3) For all non-containerized cargoes: (i) A signed copy of the Federal Grain Inspection Service... National Cargo Bureau Certificate of Readiness (Vessel Hold Inspection Certificate); and, (iii) A signed... the FGIS Container Condition Inspection Certificate; (5) A signed copy of the liner booking note or...

  8. 7 CFR 1499.6 - Payments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... carrier; (3) For all non-containerized cargoes: (i) A signed copy of the Federal Grain Inspection Service... National Cargo Bureau Certificate of Readiness (Vessel Hold Inspection Certificate); and, (iii) A signed... the FGIS Container Condition Inspection Certificate; (5) A signed copy of the liner booking note or...

  9. 7 CFR 1499.6 - Payments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... carrier; (3) For all non-containerized cargoes: (i) A signed copy of the Federal Grain Inspection Service... National Cargo Bureau Certificate of Readiness (Vessel Hold Inspection Certificate); and, (iii) A signed... the FGIS Container Condition Inspection Certificate; (5) A signed copy of the liner booking note or...

  10. 77 FR 12583 - Ocean Transportation Intermediary License; Applicants

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-03-01

    ... Wassim, President, Application Type: Add NVO Service. ATI Container Services, LLC (NVO & OFF), 11700 NW... Individual), Henry Yun, Secretary, Application Type: New NVO & OFF License. Cargo Distribution Export Inc... Moving and Services Corp. dba Fastway Cargo (NVO), 701 Penhorn Avenue, Unit 1, Secaucus, NJ 07094...

  11. Scanning Cargo Containers with Tagged Neutrons

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Viesti, G.; Botosso, C.; Fabris, D.; Lunardon, M.; Moretto, S.; Nebbia, G.; Pesente, S.; Zenoni, A.; Donzella, A.; Perot, B.; Carasco, C.; Bernard, S.; Mariani, A.; Szabo, J.-L.; Sannie, G.; Valkovic, V.; Sudac, D.; Nad, K.; Peerani, P.; Sequeira, V.; Salvato, M.; Moszynski, M.; Gierlik, M.; Klamra, W.; Le Tourneur, P.; Lhuissier, M.; Colonna, A.; Tintori, C.

    2007-10-01

    A new Tagged Neutron Inspection System (TNIS) able to detect illicit materials such as explosives and narcotics in cargo containers has been developed within the EURopean Illicit TRAfficing Countermeasures Kit (EURITRACK) project. After the R&D phase, the inspection portal has been installed and commissioned at the Rijeka seaport in Croatia, where it has been operated in connection with the existing X-ray scanner for a first two-month demonstration campaign. Results obtained are presented and discussed in this paper.

  12. Characteristics of future air cargo demand and impact on aircraft development - A report on the Cargo/Logistic Airlift Systems Study /CLASS/ project

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Whitehead, A. H., Jr.

    1978-01-01

    The considered study has been conducted to evaluate the future potential for an advanced air cargo transport. A current operations analysis is discussed, taking into account the traffic structure, modal cost comparisons, terminal operations, containerization, and institutional factors. Attention is also given to case studies, a demand forecast, and an advanced air cargo systems analysis. The effects of potential improvements on reducing costs are shown. Improvement to the current infrastructure can occur from 1978 to 1985 with off-the-shelf technology, which when combined with higher load factors for aircraft and containers, can provide up to a 16 percent reduction in total operating costs and a 15 percent rate reduction. The results of the analysis indicate that the proposed changes in the infrastructure and improved cargo loading efficiencies are as important to improving the airlines' financial posture as is the anticipated large dedicated cargo aircraft.

  13. 49 CFR 451.11 - Application for approval-general.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of New Containers § 451.11 Application for approval-general. (a) An owner of a new container, or a...

  14. 49 CFR 451.11 - Application for approval-general.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of New Containers § 451.11 Application for approval-general. (a) An owner of a new container, or a...

  15. 49 CFR 451.11 - Application for approval-general.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of New Containers § 451.11 Application for approval-general. (a) An owner of a new container, or a...

  16. 49 CFR 451.11 - Application for approval-general.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of New Containers § 451.11 Application for approval-general. (a) An owner of a new container, or a...

  17. 49 CFR 451.11 - Application for approval-general.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... OF HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS TESTING AND APPROVAL OF CONTAINERS Approval of New Containers § 451.11 Application for approval-general. (a) An owner of a new container, or a...

  18. In-field tests of the EURITRACK tagged neutron inspection system

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Carasco, C.; Perot, B.; Bernard, S.; Mariani, A.; Szabo, J.-L.; Sannie, G.; Roll, Th.; Valkovic, V.; Sudac, D.; Viesti, G.; Lunardon, M.; Bottosso, C.; Fabris, D.; Nebbia, G.; Pesente, S.; Moretto, S.; Zenoni, A.; Donzella, A.; Moszynski, M.; Gierlik, M.; Batsch, T.; Wolski, D.; Klamra, W.; Le Tourneur, P.; Lhuissier, M.; Colonna, A.; Tintori, C.; Peerani, P.; Sequeira, V.; Salvato, M.

    2008-04-01

    The EURopean Illicit TRAfficking Countermeasures Kit (EURITRACK) inspection system has been designed to complement X-ray scanners in the detection of explosives and other illicit materials hidden in cargo containers. The containers are interrogated by a 14-MeV tagged neutron beam at any suspect position in the X-ray image. Interrogation of a specific volume element with tagged neutrons yields information about the chemical composition of the material. Implementation and performance tests of the EURITRACK system in the Port of Rijeka in Croatia are described. Cargo container inspection results are reported and discussed.

  19. 46 CFR 13.121 - Courses for tankerman endorsements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    .... (2) Chemistry and physics. (3) Health hazards. (4) Cargo containment. (5) Pollution. (6) Cargo...) Hot work. (C) Results of release of LG to the atmosphere. (D) Health hazards (skin contact, inhalation... atmosphere x x Health hazards (skin contact, inhalation, and ingestion) x x Control of flammability range...

  20. 49 CFR 575.103 - Truck-camper loading.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... weight ratings and the longitudinal limits within which the center of gravity for the cargo weight rating.... (______ lbs.) of bottled gas, and ______ cubic meters (______ cubic ft.) refrigerator (or icebox with... recommends a cargo center of gravity zone that will contain the camper's center of gravity when it is...

  1. 49 CFR 575.103 - Truck-camper loading.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... weight ratings and the longitudinal limits within which the center of gravity for the cargo weight rating.... (______ lbs.) of bottled gas, and ______ cubic meters (______ cubic ft.) refrigerator (or icebox with... recommends a cargo center of gravity zone that will contain the camper's center of gravity when it is...

  2. 49 CFR 575.103 - Truck-camper loading.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... weight ratings and the longitudinal limits within which the center of gravity for the cargo weight rating.... (______ lbs.) of bottled gas, and ______ cubic meters (______ cubic ft.) refrigerator (or icebox with... recommends a cargo center of gravity zone that will contain the camper's center of gravity when it is...

  3. 49 CFR 575.103 - Truck-camper loading.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... weight ratings and the longitudinal limits within which the center of gravity for the cargo weight rating.... (______ lbs.) of bottled gas, and ______ cubic meters (______ cubic ft.) refrigerator (or icebox with... recommends a cargo center of gravity zone that will contain the camper's center of gravity when it is...

  4. 49 CFR 575.103 - Truck-camper loading.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... weight ratings and the longitudinal limits within which the center of gravity for the cargo weight rating.... (______ lbs.) of bottled gas, and ______ cubic meters (______ cubic ft.) refrigerator (or icebox with... recommends a cargo center of gravity zone that will contain the camper's center of gravity when it is...

  5. 46 CFR 153.365 - Liquid overpressurization protection.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... pressure during liquid overfill at a specified cargo loading rate to that which the containment system is... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Liquid overpressurization protection. 153.365 Section... CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Design and...

  6. 46 CFR 153.365 - Liquid overpressurization protection.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... pressure during liquid overfill at a specified cargo loading rate to that which the containment system is... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Liquid overpressurization protection. 153.365 Section... CARGOES SHIPS CARRYING BULK LIQUID, LIQUEFIED GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Design and...

  7. 33 CFR 101.105 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... without containers or labels, and that is received and handled without mark or count. Bunkers means a..., part A. Cargo means any goods, wares, or merchandise carried, or to be carried, for consideration... interested in the vessel, facility, or OCS facility, except dredge spoils. Cargo vessel means a vessel that...

  8. 33 CFR 101.105 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... without containers or labels, and that is received and handled without mark or count. Bunkers means a..., part A. Cargo means any goods, wares, or merchandise carried, or to be carried, for consideration... interested in the vessel, facility, or OCS facility, except dredge spoils. Cargo vessel means a vessel that...

  9. 33 CFR 101.105 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... without containers or labels, and that is received and handled without mark or count. Bunkers means a..., part A. Cargo means any goods, wares, or merchandise carried, or to be carried, for consideration... interested in the vessel, facility, or OCS facility, except dredge spoils. Cargo vessel means a vessel that...

  10. 33 CFR 101.105 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... without containers or labels, and that is received and handled without mark or count. Bunkers means a..., part A. Cargo means any goods, wares, or merchandise carried, or to be carried, for consideration... interested in the vessel, facility, or OCS facility, except dredge spoils. Cargo vessel means a vessel that...

  11. 46 CFR 32.65-15 - Cofferdams-TB/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ..., 1951 § 32.65-15 Cofferdams—TB/ALL. Tank vessels equipped to carry Grade A, B, C, or D liquids shall have their galleys, living quarters, general cargo spaces, boiler rooms, and enclosed spaces containing... their cargo tanks by cofferdams or equivalent pumprooms, tanks, or air spaces. ...

  12. 46 CFR 32.65-15 - Cofferdams-TB/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ..., 1951 § 32.65-15 Cofferdams—TB/ALL. Tank vessels equipped to carry Grade A, B, C, or D liquids shall have their galleys, living quarters, general cargo spaces, boiler rooms, and enclosed spaces containing... their cargo tanks by cofferdams or equivalent pumprooms, tanks, or air spaces. ...

  13. 46 CFR 32.65-15 - Cofferdams-TB/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ..., 1951 § 32.65-15 Cofferdams—TB/ALL. Tank vessels equipped to carry Grade A, B, C, or D liquids shall have their galleys, living quarters, general cargo spaces, boiler rooms, and enclosed spaces containing... their cargo tanks by cofferdams or equivalent pumprooms, tanks, or air spaces. ...

  14. 46 CFR 32.65-15 - Cofferdams-TB/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ..., 1951 § 32.65-15 Cofferdams—TB/ALL. Tank vessels equipped to carry Grade A, B, C, or D liquids shall have their galleys, living quarters, general cargo spaces, boiler rooms, and enclosed spaces containing... their cargo tanks by cofferdams or equivalent pumprooms, tanks, or air spaces. ...

  15. 46 CFR 32.65-15 - Cofferdams-TB/ALL.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ..., 1951 § 32.65-15 Cofferdams—TB/ALL. Tank vessels equipped to carry Grade A, B, C, or D liquids shall have their galleys, living quarters, general cargo spaces, boiler rooms, and enclosed spaces containing... their cargo tanks by cofferdams or equivalent pumprooms, tanks, or air spaces. ...

  16. 49 CFR 178.338-18 - Marking.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.338-18 Marking. (a) General. Each cargo tank certified... plate permanently attached to the cargo tank by brazing, welding, or other suitable means on the left side near the front, in a place accessible for inspection. If the specification plate is attached...

  17. 49 CFR 178.338-18 - Marking.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.338-18 Marking. (a) General. Each cargo tank certified... plate permanently attached to the cargo tank by brazing, welding, or other suitable means on the left side near the front, in a place accessible for inspection. If the specification plate is attached...

  18. 49 CFR 178.338-18 - Marking.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.338-18 Marking. (a) General. Each cargo tank certified... plate permanently attached to the cargo tank by brazing, welding, or other suitable means on the left side near the front, in a place accessible for inspection. If the specification plate is attached...

  19. 49 CFR 178.345-14 - Marking.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Specifications for Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.345-14 Marking. (a) General. The manufacturer shall certify that each cargo tank motor vehicle has been designed, constructed and tested in....348) cargo tank requirements and, when applicable, with Section VIII of the ASME Code (IBR, see § 171...

  20. 49 CFR 178.338-18 - Marking.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.338-18 Marking. (a) General. Each cargo tank certified... plate permanently attached to the cargo tank by brazing, welding, or other suitable means on the left side near the front, in a place accessible for inspection. If the specification plate is attached...

  1. 46 CFR 98.30-4 - Vessels carrying MPTs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CARGO AND MISCELLANEOUS VESSELS SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION, ARRANGEMENT, AND OTHER PROVISIONS FOR CERTAIN DANGEROUS CARGOES IN BULK Portable Tanks and Intermediate Bulk Containers § 98.30-4 Vessels carrying MPTs. Each MPT on a vessel to which this part applies...

  2. 77 FR 47491 - Shipping Coordinating Committee; Notice of Committee Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-08

    ... Session of the International Maritime Organization's (IMO) Sub-Committee on Dangerous Goods, Solid Cargoes and Containers (DSC 17) to be held at the IMO Headquarters, United Kingdom, September 17-21. The... to the International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes (IMSBC) Code and supplements --Amendments to SOLAS...

  3. 78 FR 8534 - Ocean Transportation Intermediary License Applicants

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-02-06

    ... (QI), Reinhard Eckhoff, Chairman, Application Type: QI Change M E Dey Cargo Corporation dba Orient Grace Container Line (NVO & OFF), 510 Plaza Drive, Suite 1210, Atlanta, GA 30349, Officers: John Davis, Secretary (QI), Debra A. Watmore, President, Application Type: Name Change to Dey Cargo Corporation, dba...

  4. Radiation Detection and Dual-Energy X-Ray Imaging for Port Security

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Pashby, J.; Glenn, S.; Divin, C.

    Millions of cargo containers are transported across the United States border annually and are inspected for illicit radioactive material and contraband using a combination of passive radiation portal monitors (RPM) and high energy X-ray non-intrusive inspection (NII) systems. As detection performance is expected to vary with the material composition of cargo, characterizing the types of material present in cargo is important to national security. This work analyzes the passive radiation and dual energy radiography signatures from on RPM and two NII system, respectively. First, the cargos were analyzed to determine their ability to attenuate emissions from an embedded radioactive source.more » Secondly, dual-energy X-ray discrimination was used to determine the material composition and density of the cargos.« less

  5. Joint Test Director. Joint Logistics Over-the-Shore II. Test and Evaluation. Analysis and Evaluation Report. JLOTS II Throughput Test.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1985-08-01

    Class high - speed containerships and their subsequent conversion to a cargo configuration specifically designed for rapid load-offload of military unit...Rough Terrain Forklift SLWT Side-Loadable Warping Tug ST Short Ton STON Short Ton SUROB Surf Observations T-ACS Auxiliary Crane Ship T- AKR Auxiliary Cargo ...their delivery systems for container, breakbulk, and bulk liquid cargo , and to define the operating performance of the combined systems in a joint test

  6. Survey of air cargo forecasting techniques

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kuhlthan, A. R.; Vermuri, R. S.

    1978-01-01

    Forecasting techniques currently in use in estimating or predicting the demand for air cargo in various markets are discussed with emphasis on the fundamentals of the different forecasting approaches. References to specific studies are cited when appropriate. The effectiveness of current methods is evaluated and several prospects for future activities or approaches are suggested. Appendices contain summary type analyses of about 50 specific publications on forecasting, and selected bibliographies on air cargo forecasting, air passenger demand forecasting, and general demand and modalsplit modeling.

  7. Department of Defense counterdrug technology development of non-intrusive inspection systems

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pennella, John J.

    1997-02-01

    The Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division serves as the executive agent for the DoD's Contraband Detection and Cargo Container Inspection Technology Development Program. The goal of the DoD non-intrusive inspection (NII) program is to develop prototype equipment that can be used to inspect containers and vehicles, quickly and in large numbers without unnecessary delays in the movement of legitimate cargo. This paper summaries the past accomplishments of the program, current status, and future plans.

  8. Simulations of polymorphic icosahedral shells assembling around many cargo molecules

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mohajerani, Farzaneh; Perlmutter, Jason; Hagan, Michael

    Bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) are large icosahedral shells that sequester the enzymes and reactants responsible for particular metabolic pathways in bacteria. Although different BMCs vary in size and encapsulate different cargoes, they are constructed from similar pentameric and hexameric shell proteins. Despite recent groundbreaking experiments which visualized the formation of individual BMCs, the detailed assembly pathways and the factors which control shell size remain unclear. In this talk, we describe theoretical and computational models that describe the dynamical encapsulation of hundreds of cargo molecules by self-assembling icosahedral shells. We present phase diagrams and analysis of dynamical simulation trajectories showing how the thermodynamics, assembly pathways, and emergent structures depend on the interactions among shell proteins and cargo molecules. Our model suggests a mechanism for controlling insertion of the 12 pentamers required for a closed shell topology, and the relationship between assembly pathway and BMC size polydispersity. In addition to elucidating how native BMCs assemble,our results establish principles for reengineering BMCs or viral capsids as customizable nanoreactors that can assemble around a programmable set of enzymes and reactants. Supported by NIH R01GM108021 and Brandeis MRSEC DMR-1420382.

  9. 46 CFR 153.408 - Tank overflow control.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Tank overflow control. 153.408 Section 153.408 Shipping... Systems § 153.408 Tank overflow control. (a) When table 1 references this section, a cargo containment... the tank (automatic shutdown system). (b) The high level alarm and the cargo overflow alarm or...

  10. 46 CFR 154.912 - Inerted spaces: Relief devices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Inerted spaces: Relief devices. 154.912 Section 154.912 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SAFETY... Atmospheric Control in Cargo Containment Systems § 154.912 Inerted spaces: Relief devices. Inerted spaces must...

  11. 46 CFR 154.912 - Inerted spaces: Relief devices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Inerted spaces: Relief devices. 154.912 Section 154.912 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SAFETY... Atmospheric Control in Cargo Containment Systems § 154.912 Inerted spaces: Relief devices. Inerted spaces must...

  12. 46 CFR 154.325 - Accommodation, service, and control spaces.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Accommodation, service, and control spaces. 154.325... Equipment Ship Arrangements § 154.325 Accommodation, service, and control spaces. (a) Accommodation, service, and control spaces must be outside the cargo area. (b) If a hold space having a cargo containment...

  13. 46 CFR 154.325 - Accommodation, service, and control spaces.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Accommodation, service, and control spaces. 154.325... Equipment Ship Arrangements § 154.325 Accommodation, service, and control spaces. (a) Accommodation, service, and control spaces must be outside the cargo area. (b) If a hold space having a cargo containment...

  14. 46 CFR 154.912 - Inerted spaces: Relief devices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Inerted spaces: Relief devices. 154.912 Section 154.912 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SAFETY... Atmospheric Control in Cargo Containment Systems § 154.912 Inerted spaces: Relief devices. Inerted spaces must...

  15. 46 CFR 154.325 - Accommodation, service, and control spaces.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Accommodation, service, and control spaces. 154.325... Equipment Ship Arrangements § 154.325 Accommodation, service, and control spaces. (a) Accommodation, service, and control spaces must be outside the cargo area. (b) If a hold space having a cargo containment...

  16. 46 CFR 154.912 - Inerted spaces: Relief devices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Inerted spaces: Relief devices. 154.912 Section 154.912 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SAFETY... Atmospheric Control in Cargo Containment Systems § 154.912 Inerted spaces: Relief devices. Inerted spaces must...

  17. 46 CFR 154.912 - Inerted spaces: Relief devices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Inerted spaces: Relief devices. 154.912 Section 154.912 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SAFETY... Atmospheric Control in Cargo Containment Systems § 154.912 Inerted spaces: Relief devices. Inerted spaces must...

  18. 7 CFR 330.211 - Labeling of plant pests for movement under permits.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... moved by mail may be refused entry unless the containers thereof bear such labels. Cargo shipments of... AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FEDERAL PLANT PEST REGULATIONS; GENERAL... or through the United States from places outside thereof by mail or cargo. (1) When a permit...

  19. 49 CFR 178.348-1 - General requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.348-1 General requirements. (a) Each specification DOT 412 cargo tank motor vehicle must conform to the general design and construction requirements in § 178.345 in addition to the specific requirements of this section. (b) The MAWP of each cargo tank must be at...

  20. 49 CFR 178.348-1 - General requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Containers for Motor Vehicle Transportation § 178.348-1 General requirements. (a) Each specification DOT 412 cargo tank motor vehicle must conform to the general design and construction requirements in § 178.345 in addition to the specific requirements of this section. (b) The MAWP of each cargo tank must be at...

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