West Europe Report No. 2139

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-09

Ap-PDP, 2; UCD, 1. Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Voters: 438,618. Seats: 30 (Tenerife, 15; La Palma, 8; Gomera, 4 and Hierro , 3). Deputies 28 October 1982...Canaries, have aroused the interest of independent groups that normally operate on the peripheral islands, such as Gomera and Hierro . 113 During the...Independent Gomera Electoral Group: Esteban Bethencourt. Hierro : PSOE: Jose Francisco Armas. AP-PDP-UL: Manuel Fernandez Gonzalez. PCE: Aurelio Ayala

Explosive eruption, flank collapse and megatsunami at Tenerife ca. 170 ka.

PubMed

Paris, Raphaël; Bravo, Juan J Coello; González, María E Martín; Kelfoun, Karim; Nauret, François

2017-05-15

Giant mass failures of oceanic shield volcanoes that generate tsunamis potentially represent a high-magnitude but low-frequency hazard, and it is actually difficult to infer the mechanisms and dynamics controlling them. Here we document tsunami deposits at high elevation (up to 132 m) on the north-western slopes of Tenerife, Canary Islands, as a new evidence of megatsunami generated by volcano flank failure. Analyses of the tsunami deposits demonstrate that two main tsunamis impacted the coasts of Tenerife 170 kyr ago. The first tsunami was generated during the submarine stage of a retrogressive failure of the northern flank of the island, whereas the second one followed the debris avalanche of the subaerial edifice and incorporated pumices from an on-going ignimbrite-forming eruption. Coupling between a massive retrogressive flank failure and a large explosive eruption represents a new type of volcano-tectonic event on oceanic shield volcanoes and a new hazard scenario.

Molecular phylogenetics of Micromeria (Lamiaceae) in the Canary Islands, diversification and inter-island colonization patterns inferred from nuclear genes.

PubMed

Puppo, Pamela; Curto, Manuel; Gusmão-Guedes, Joana; Cochofel, Jaqueline; Pérez de Paz, Pedro Luis; Bräuchler, Christian; Meimberg, Harald

2015-08-01

Here we reconstruct the evolutionary history of Micromeria in the Canary Islands using eight nuclear markers. Our results show two centers of diversification for Micromeria, one in the eastern islands Gran Canaria and Lanzarote, the other in the western islands, Tenerife, La Palma and El Hierro. Suggested directions of inter-island colonization are the following: Gran Canaria to Lanzarote and La Gomera; Tenerife to La Palma (from the paleoisland of Teno), to El Hierro (from the younger, central part), and to La Gomera and Madeira (from the paleoislands). Colonization of La Gomera probably occurred several times from Gran Canaria and Tenerife. The taxonomic implications of these results are discussed. Incongruence among the different markers was evaluated and, using next generation sequencing, we investigated if this incongruence is due to gene duplication. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Spatial and temporal variations of diffuse CO_{2} degassing at the Tenerife North-South Rift Zone (NSRZ) volcano (Canary Islands) during the period 2002-2016

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodríguez, Fátima; McCollum, John J. K.; Orland, Elijah D. M.; Barrancos, José; Padilla, Germán D.; Calvo, David; Amonte, Cecilia; Pérez, Nemesio M.

2017-04-01

Subaerial volcanic activity on Tenerife (2034 km2), the largest island of the Canary archipelago, started 14 My ago and 4 volcanic eruptions have occurred in historical times during the last 300 years. The main volcano-structural and geomorphological features of Tenerife are (i) the central volcanic complex, nowadays formed by Las Cañadas caldera, a volcanic depression measuring 16×9 km that resulted from multiple vertical collapses and partially filled by post-caldera volcanic products and (ii) the triple junction-shaped rift system, formed by numerous aligned monogenetic cones. Up to 297 mafic monogenetic cones have been recognized on Tenerife, and they represent the most common eruptive activity occurring on the island during the last 1 My (Dóniz et al., 2008). The North-South Rift Zone (NSRZ) of Tenerife comprises at least 139 cones. The main structural characteristic of the NSRZ of the island is an apparent absence of a distinct ridge, and a fan shaped distribution of monogenetic cones. Since there are currently no visible gas emissions at the NSRZ, diffuse degassing surveys have become an important geochemical tool for the surveillance of this volcanic system. Five diffuse CO2 degassing surveys have been carried out at NSRZ of Tenerife since 2002, the last one in the summer period of 2016, to evaluate the spatio-temporal variations of CO2 degassing as a volcanic surveillance tool for the NSRZ of Tenerife. At each survey, around 600 sampling sites were selected to cover homogenously the study area (325 km2) using the accumulation chamber method. The diffuse CO2 output ranged from 78 to 707 t/d in the study period, with the highest emission rate measured in 2015. The backgroung emission rate was estimated in 300 t/d. The last results the soil CO2 efflux values ranged from non-detectable up to 24.7 g m-2 d-1. The spatial distribution map, constructed following the sequential Gaussian simulation (sGs) procedure, showed the highest CO2 values as multiple isolated anomalies and did not show a clear relation with the main volcano-structural features of the area. The CO2 output released to the atmosphere in a diffuse way has been estimated at 524 t d-1, which represents a value lower than the previous one (707 t d-1 at summer of 2015) but higher than the background emission rate. These changes in the temporal series confirm the need of periodic diffuse emission surveys in the area as a powerful volcanic surveillance tool in volcanic systems where visible gas emanations are absent. References: Dóniz et al., 2008. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 173, 185.

The 1909 Chinyero eruption on Tenerife (Canary Islands): insights from historical accounts, and tephrostratigraphic and geochemical data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Di Roberto, A.; Bertagnini, A.; Del Carlo, P.; Meletlidis, S.; Pompilio, M.

2016-12-01

The last eruption on Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain) started on 18 November 1909 from the El Chinyero vent on the northwestern Santiago rift. This fissural eruption was well documented by scientists and eyewitnesses, but there is a lack of data on the high-energy phase that produced the most significant emissions of ash and lapilli at the onset of the eruption. Here, we review historical documents (e.g. newspapers, dispatches, telegrams); eyewitness accounts and scientific reports were reviewed from a volcanological perspective and integrated with data from the analysis of deposit features, allowing an accurate reconstruction of the eruption and its dynamics. The 1909 eruption of Chinyero was fed by a compositionally discrete magma batch that ascended rapidly within the crust, producing rather violent pulsating Strombolian explosive activity in the early phases of the eruption. This activity produced a ca. 80 m high scoria cone and heavy fallout of lapilli and ash over the entire northern sector of the island of Tenerife. The energy of explosive activity waned after 3 days, giving way to the weak Strombolian explosive activity that contributed to a lesser extent to the buildup of the pyroclastic pile. Eruptions such as those from the Chinyero vent in 1909 are representative of rift activity on Tenerife and constitute a volcanic hazard for present-day inhabitants.

HTTP-based remote operational options for the Vacuum Tower Telescope, Tenerife

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Staiger, J.

2012-09-01

We are currently developing network based tools for the Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT), Tenerife which will allow to operate the telescope together with the newly developed 2D-spectrometer HELLRIDE under remote control conditions. The computational configuration can be viewed as a distributed system linking hardware components of various functionality from different locations. We have developed a communication protocol which is basically an extension of the HTTP standard. It will serve as a carrier for command- and data-transfers. The server-client software is based on Berkley-Unix sockets in a C++ programming environment. A customized CMS will allow to create browser accessible information on-the-fly. Java-based applet pages have been tested as optional user access GUI's. An access tool has been implemented to download near-realtime, web-based target information from NASA/SDO. Latency tests have been carried out at the VTT and the Swedish STT at La Palma for concept verification. Short response times indicate that under favorable network conditions remote interactive telescope handling may be possible. The scientific focus of possible future remote operations will be set on the helioseismology of the solar atmosphere, the monitoring of flares and the footpoint analysis of coronal loops and chromospheric events.

Diversity hotspots of the laurel forest on Tenerife, Canary Islands: a phylogeographic study of Laurus and Ixanthus.

PubMed

Betzin, Anja; Thiv, Mike; Koch, Marcus A

2016-09-01

Macaronesian laurel forest is among the worldwide hotspots of threatened biodiversity. With increasing evidence that woodland composition on the Canary Islands changed dramatically during the last few thousand years, the aim of this study was to find evidence for substantial recent population dynamics of two representative species from laurel forest. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was used to evaluate fine-scaled genetic variation of the paradigmatic tree Laurus novocanariensis (Lauraceae) and a long-lived herbaceous gentian from core laurel forest, Ixanthus viscosus (Gentianaceae), on Tenerife. Bioclimatic variables were analysed to study the respective climate niches. A chloroplast DNA screening was performed to evaluate additional genetic variation. Genetic diversity of the laurel tree showed severe geographic partitioning. On Tenerife, fine-scaled Bayesian clustering of genetic variation revealed a western and an eastern gene pool, separated by a zone of high admixture and with a third major gene pool. Compared with genetic clusters found on the other Canary Islands, the East-West differentiation on Tenerife seems to be more recent than differentiation between islands. This is substantiated by the finding of extremly low levels of chloroplast DNA-based polymorphisms. Ixanthus showed no geographic structuring of genetic variation. Genetic data from Tenerife indicate contemporary gene flow and dispersal on a micro/local scale rather than reflecting an old and relic woodland history. In particular for Laurus, it is shown that this species occupies a broad bioclimatic niche. This is not correlated with its respective distribution of genetic variation, therefore indicating its large potential for contemporary rapid and effective colonization. Ixanthus is more specialized to humid conditions and is mostly found in the natural Monteverde húmedo vegetation types, but even for this species indications for long-term persistence in the respective bioclimatically differentiated regions was not find. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Geodetic Volcano Monitoring Research in Canary Islands: Recent Results

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fernandez, J.; Gonzalez, P. J.; Arjona, A.; Camacho, A. G.; Prieto, J. F.; Seco, A.; Tizzani, P.; Manzo, M. R.; Lanari, R.; Blanco, P.; Mallorqui, J. J.

2009-05-01

The Canarian Archipelago is an oceanic island volcanic chain with a long-standing history of volcanic activity (> 40 Ma). It is located off the NW coast of the African continent, lying over a transitional crust of the Atlantic African passive margin. At least 12 eruptions have been occurred on the islands of Lanzarote, Tenerife and La Palma in the last 500 years. Volcanism manifest predominantly as basaltic strombolian monogenetic activity (whole archipelago) and central felsic volcanism (active only in Tenerife Island). We concentrate our studies in the two most active islands, Tenerife and La Palma. In these islands, we tested different methodologies of geodetic monitoring systems. We use a combination of ground- and space-based techniques. At Tenerife Island, a differential interferometric study was performed to detect areas of deformation. DInSAR detected two clear areas of deformation, using this results a survey-based GPS network was designed and optimized to control those deformations and the rest of the island. Finally, using SBAS DInSAR results weak spatial long- wavelength subsidence signals has been detected. At La Palma, the first DInSAR analysis have not shown any clear deformation, so a first time series analysis was performed detecting a clear subsidence signal at Teneguia volcano, as for Tenerife a GPS network was designed and optimized taking into account stable and deforming areas. After several years of activities, geodetic results served to study ground deformations caused by a wide variety of sources, such as changes in groundwater levels, volcanic activity, volcano-tectonics, gravitational loading, etc. These results proof that a combination of ground-based and space-based techniques is suitable tool for geodetic volcano monitoring in Canary Islands. Finally, we would like to strength that those results could have serious implications on the continuous geodetic monitoring system design and implementation for the Canary Islands which is under development nowadays.

Explosive eruption, flank collapse and megatsunami at Tenerife ca. 170 ka

PubMed Central

Paris, Raphaël; Bravo, Juan J. Coello; González, María E. Martín; Kelfoun, Karim; Nauret, François

2017-01-01

Giant mass failures of oceanic shield volcanoes that generate tsunamis potentially represent a high-magnitude but low-frequency hazard, and it is actually difficult to infer the mechanisms and dynamics controlling them. Here we document tsunami deposits at high elevation (up to 132 m) on the north-western slopes of Tenerife, Canary Islands, as a new evidence of megatsunami generated by volcano flank failure. Analyses of the tsunami deposits demonstrate that two main tsunamis impacted the coasts of Tenerife 170 kyr ago. The first tsunami was generated during the submarine stage of a retrogressive failure of the northern flank of the island, whereas the second one followed the debris avalanche of the subaerial edifice and incorporated pumices from an on-going ignimbrite-forming eruption. Coupling between a massive retrogressive flank failure and a large explosive eruption represents a new type of volcano-tectonic event on oceanic shield volcanoes and a new hazard scenario. PMID:28504256

Continuous monitoring of the C isotope composition of CO_{2}-rich subsurface degassing at Tenerife, Canary Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Melián, Gladys; Asensio-Ramos, María; Padrón, Eleazar; Barrancos, José; Hernández, Pedro A.; Pérez, Nemesio M.

2017-04-01

Tenerife is the largest island of the Canarian archipelago and several volcanic eruptions have occurred in the last 500 years, the last one in 1909. The main volcano-tectonic features of Tenerife Island are three main volcano-tectonic rifts trending N-E, N-W and N-S where, at the interception center is located Las Cañadas caldera and the stratovolcano Teide-Pico Viejo. Due to the approximately 1,500 wells and water galleries (1650 km) drilled during the last 150 years tapping the island's volcanic aquifer at different depths, Tenerife is a unique natural-scale laboratory for hydrological studies in oceanic volcanic islands. Ground waters are mainly Na+-HCO3- water type, mainly due to the continuous volcanic CO2 supply from the volcanic-hydrothermal system. A signi?cant number of these galleries show a CO2-rich inner atmosphere, and gas bubbling has also been detected inside some galleries. Since 2002, an automatic geochemical station installed at the entrance of the horizontal drilling "Fuente del Valle" (TFE02 station), Arona, Tenerife, measures the activities of 222Rn and 220Rn in the gas discharged from a CO2-rich gas bubbling spot located at 2.850 m depth. Interesting variations were recorded in the 222Rn/220Rn ratio after the period of 2004 anomalous seismicity and it has been demonstrated that this is a good control spot for volcanic surveillance (Pérez et al., 2007). Thus, in November 2016, a new type of laser based isotopic analyzer, a DeltaRayTM (Thermo Fisher Scientific) was installed in the TFE02 station to measure δ13C(CO2) directly in the gas discharged from the water. The gas, collected by means of an inverted funnel, is pumped (3 L min-1) towards the gallery entrance, where the instrumentation is located, through a polyamide pipe. During the study period the recorded data show a range of δ13C(CO2) from -6.2 to -4.2‰ vs. VPDB, with an average value of -5.1‰Ṫhese values are comparable to those ones measured in the gas sampled directly at the gas bubbling spot (˜-4.7‰ unpublished data) and analyzed with a Thermo Finnigan MAT 253 isotope ratio mass spectrometer, which supports the validity of the analytical method used. This is the first time that this type of instrumentation is used to continuously monitor the δ13C(CO2) isotopic composition of the gas discharged from a gas bubbling in a horizontal drill as a geochemical tool to evaluate the volcanic activity, in particular in Tenerife, a unique natural-scale laboratory for hydrological studies in oceanic volcanic islands. To correlate temporal variations in the δ13C(CO2) isotopic composition with changes in the seismic-volcanic activity of Tenerife, a longer observation period will be required. References: Pérez et al., 2007. Pure Appl. Geophys. DOI 10.1007/s00024-007-0280

Genetic structure of Micromeria (Lamiaceae) in Tenerife, the imprint of geological history and hybridization on within-island diversification.

PubMed

Puppo, Pamela; Curto, Manuel; Meimberg, Harald

2016-06-01

Geological history of oceanic islands can have a profound effect on the evolutionary history of insular flora, especially in complex islands such as Tenerife in the Canary Islands. Tenerife results from the secondary connection of three paleo-islands by a central volcano, and other geological events that further shaped it. This geological history has been shown to influence the phylogenetic history of several taxa, including genus Micromeria (Lamiaceae). Screening 15 microsatellite markers in 289 individuals representing the eight species of Micromeria present in Tenerife, this study aims to assess the genetic diversity and structure of these species and its relation with the geological events on the island. In addition, we evaluate the extent of hybridization among species and discuss its influence on the speciation process. We found that the species restricted to the paleo-islands present lower levels of genetic diversity but the highest levels of genetic differentiation suggesting that their ranges might have contracted over time. The two most widespread species in the island, M. hyssopifolia and M. varia , present the highest genetic diversity levels and a genetic structure that seems correlated with the geological composition of the island. Samples from M. hyssopifolia from the oldest paleo-island, Adeje, appear as distinct while samples from M. varia segregate into two main clusters corresponding to the paleo-islands of Anaga and Teno. Evidence of hybridization and intraspecific migration between species was found. We argue that species boundaries would be retained despite hybridization in response to the habitat's specific conditions causing postzygotic isolation and preserving morphological differentiation.

Accumulating pollutants in conifer needles on an Atlantic island - a case study with Pinus canariensis on Tenerife, Canary Islands.

PubMed

Tausz, Michael; Trummer, Walter; Goessler, Walter; Wonisch, Astrid; Grill, Dieter; Naumann, Simone; Jiménez, Maria Soledad; Morales, Domingo

2005-08-01

Concentrations of potential pollutant elements Na, Cl, and S were investigated in needles of Pinus canariensis grown at 55 field plots in Tenerife. Microelement concentrations (including heavy metals) were measured at a subset of 18 plots. Na and Cl concentrations were high at low elevations (up to 8 mg g(-1) Cl and 5.5 mg g(-1) Na). Na/Cl ratio close to standard seawater indicated sea spray influence up to 1200 m a.s.l. Only at few plots, sulphur concentrations indicated possible pollutant impact. Cluster and correlation analyses identified a related group of V, As, Cr, Fe, Mo, Ni, Cu, Pb, and Al, possibly related to traffic exhaust aggregated with soil particles. Mainly north-eastern, lower elevated plots were exposed to those immissions, but metal concentrations were generally low compared to data from other studies. In conclusion, seawater and soil particles explained most of the element distribution pattern in pine needles in Tenerife, but strong indications for some effect of local sources of air pollutants were detected.

A health-sanitary evaluation of lacteal desserts for consumption in Santa Cruz de Tenerife.

PubMed

Rodríguez, C; Alvarez, R; Hardisson, A; Arias, A; Sierra, A

1994-01-01

The consumption of lacteal desserts in the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife is notably high. However, there are no legal standards in Spain regarding microbiological quality. For this reason, we have decided that it would be of interest to carry out a health-sanitary study of these products, with the aim of discovering their microbial content. 330 samples of lacteal desserts on sale in the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife have undergone analysis. They have been divided into three groups: cream caramel (egg and vanilla) (80), mousse (60) and the third group, known as "other desserts", which includes custard and the rest of lacteal desserts not included in the previous groupings (190). Neither E. coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., nor Staphylococcus aureus have been detected in any of the samples analysed. In spite of the fact that the results obtained do not reflect high microbiological contamination, we consider it necessary to lay down legal standards, with reference values, for these lacteal products, which will guarantee good microbiological quality.

The potential pathogenicity of chlorhexidine-sensitive Acanthamoeba strains isolated from contact lens cases from asymptomatic individuals in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.

PubMed

Martín-Navarro, Carmen M; Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob; Cabrera-Serra, M Gabriela; Rancel, Fernando; Coronado-Alvarez, Nieves M; Piñero, José E; Valladares, Basilio

2008-11-01

Pathogenic strains of the genus Acanthamoeba are causative agents of a serious sight-threatening infection of the eye known as Acanthamoeba keratitis. The prevalence of this infection has risen in the past 20 years, mainly due to the increase in number of contact lens wearers. In this study, the prevalence of Acanthamoeba in a risk group constituted by asymptomatic contact lens wearers from Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain, was evaluated. Contact lenses and contact lens cases were analysed for the presence of Acanthamoeba isolates. The isolates' genotypes were also determined after rDNA sequencing. The pathogenic potential of the isolated strains was subsequently established using previously described molecular and biochemical assays, which allowed the selection of three strains with high pathogenic potential. Furthermore, the sensitivity of these isolates against two standard drugs, ciprofloxacin and chlorhexidine, was analysed. As the three selected strains were sensitive to chlorhexidine, its activity and IC(50) were evaluated. Chlorhexidine was found to be active against these strains and the obtained IC(50) values were compared to the concentrations of this drug present in contact lens maintenance solutions. It was observed that the measured IC(50) was higher than the concentration found in these maintenance solutions. Therefore, the ineffectiveness of chlorhexidine-containing contact lens maintenance solutions against potentially pathogenic strains of Acanthamoeba is demonstrated in this study.

O and H Isotope Ratios of Syenite Blocks in the El Abrigo Ignimbrite, Tenerife, Canary Islands: A Hydrothermal Fingerprint for Assimilation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Larson, P. B.; Nichols, H. J.; Wolff, J. A.; Marti, J.

2001-12-01

As part of an ongoing project investigating assimilation in ocean island magmas, we are measuring stable isotope ratios of hydrothermally altered lithic fragments in phonolitic pyroclastic deposits from Tenerife, Canary Islands. Nepheline syenite blocks occur in the 0.196 Ma El Abrigo ignimbrite of the Diego Hernandez Formation (DHF). The DHF is the most recent of at least three caldera-forming magmatic cycles on Tenerife. The blocks are fragments of evolved plutons that are chemically similar to phonolites but extend to more strongly differentiated compositions. Distinct major and trace element concentrations suggest that the blocks derive from two intrusions, here referred to as A and B. The B syenites have chemical affinities with the El Abrigo phonolite, and some blocks contain small pockets of residual glass, suggesting that the B pluton may have been coeval with the El Abrigo magma. O isotope ratios of the B syenites lie within the range 4.8 to 7.0 per mil. The B samples are mostly fresh, and their higher O isotope ratios are near pristine magmatic values. Lower values occur in rocks with mild hydrothermal mineralogic alteration, and their values reflect limited high-temperature water-rock isotope exchange. O isotope ratios for A blocks are lower (0.1 to 6.3 per mil, most less than 2.0 per mil), and some samples show extensive mineral alteration. Near-ubiquitous alteration among the A samples, distinct major and trace element compositions, and lack of glass show that this syenite was older than, and unrelated to, the El Abrigo magma. Syenite D/H ratios range from -90 to -120 per mil. O vs H isotope relations indicate that an 18O-depleted meteoric water was the most important reservoir for the high-temperature hydrothermal fluid. Assimilation of altered syenite should provide a distinct stable isotope fingerprint that would be inherited by the product magma. DHF phonolites yield O ratios in the range 5.5 to 7.0 per mil, which may be this fingerprint. Assimilation of variably altered syenites, with accompanying fractionation, is a viable mechanism for producing this stable isotope variability in the magmas.

A retrospective of the GREGOR solar telescope in scientific literature

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Denker, C.; von der Lühe, O.; Feller, A.; Arlt, K.; Balthasar, H.; Bauer, S.-M.; Bello González, N.; Berkefeld, Th.; Caligari, P.; Collados, M.; Fischer, A.; Granzer, T.; Hahn, T.; Halbgewachs, C.; Heidecke, F.; Hofmann, A.; Kentischer, T.; Klva{ňa, M.; Kneer, F.; Lagg, A.; Nicklas, H.; Popow, E.; Puschmann, K. G.; Rendtel, J.; Schmidt, D.; Schmidt, W.; Sobotka, M.; Solanki, S. K.; Soltau, D.; Staude, J.; Strassmeier, K. G.; Volkmer, R.; Waldmann, T.; Wiehr, E.; Wittmann, A. D.; Woche, M.

2012-11-01

In this review, we look back upon the literature, which had the GREGOR solar telescope project as its subject including science cases, telescope subsystems, and post-focus instruments. The articles date back to the year 2000, when the initial concepts for a new solar telescope on Tenerife were first presented at scientific meetings. This comprehensive bibliography contains literature until the year 2012, i.e., the final stages of commissioning and science verification. Taking stock of the various publications in peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings also provides the ``historical'' context for the reference articles in this special issue of Astronomische Nachrichten/Astronomical Notes.

QUIJOTE Experiment: status of telescopes and instrumentation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pérez-de-Taoro, M. R.; Aguiar-González, M.; Cózar-Castellano, J.; Génova-Santos, R.; Gómez-Reñasco, F.; Hoyland, R.; Peláez-Santos, A.; Poidevin, F.; Tramonte, D.; Rebolo-López, R.; Rubiño-Martín, J. A.; Sánchez-de-la-Rosa, V.; Vega-Moreno, A.; Viera-Curbelo, T.; Vignaga, R.; Casas, F. J.; Martinez-Gonzalez, E.; Ortiz, D.; Aja, B.; Artal, E.; Cano-de-Diego, J. L.; de-la-Fuente, L.; Mediavilla, A.; Terán, J. V.; Villa, E.; Harper, S.; McCulloch, M.; Melhuish, S.; Piccirillo, L.; Lasenby, A.

2016-07-01

The QUIJOTE Experiment (Q-U-I JOint TEnerife) is a combined operation of two telescopes and three instruments working in the microwave band to measure the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) from the northern hemisphere, at medium and large angular scales. The experiment is located at the Teide Observatory in Tenerife, one of the seven Canary Islands (Spain). The project is a consortium maintained by several institutions: the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), the Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), the Communications Engineering Department (DICOM) at Universidad de Cantabria, and the Universities of Manchester and Cambridge. The consortium is led by the IAC.

Earth observations of the Canary Islands taken from OV-105 during STS-99

NASA Image and Video Library

2000-03-27

STS099-720-014 (11-22 February 2000) ---One of the STS-99 astronauts aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour recorded this 70mm image of Tenerife Island, the largest in the Canary Island archipelago. Tenerife is approximately 50 miles (80 kilometers) long and 32 miles (54 kilometers) at its widest point. With Pico de Teide, its volcanic peak, rising 12,198 feet (3,718 meters) above the sea, Tenerife has the distinction of having the highest elevation in the Atlantic Ocean. This near-vertical photograph of the entire island, except for the northeastern tip, showcases the prominent caldera, which measures approximately 10 miles (16 kilometers) by 7 miles (11 kilometers). Within the large caldera, young volcanic cones and small craters rise from the older volcano that was probably destroyed by a gigantic explosion millions of years ago. The classic radial erosion drainage pattern is obvious around the old volcanic cone. Scientist say that the island, with its precipitous coastline, has a mild and pleasant climate. However, meteorologists report that it is subject to severe drought and occasional tornadoes. The fertile soils produce a variety of crops—date palms, grapes, fruits, sugarcane, grains, and cotton.

Spatial and temporal variations of diffuse CO_{2} degassing at the N-S volcanic rift-zone of Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain) during 2002-2015 period

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alonso, Mar; Ingman, Dylan; Alexander, Scott; Barrancos, José; Rodríguez, Fátima; Melián, Gladys; Pérez, Nemesio M.

2016-04-01

Tenerife is the largest of the Canary Islands and, together with Gran Canaria Island, is the only one with a central volcanic complex that started to grow at about 3.5 Ma. Nowadays the central complex is formed by Las Cañadas caldera, a volcanic depression measuring 16×9 km that resulted from multiple vertical collapses and was partially filled by post-caldera volcanic products. Up to 297 mafic monogenetic cones have been recognized on Tenerife, and they represent the most common eruptive activity occurring on the island during the last 1 Ma (Dóniz et al., 2008). Most of the monogenetic cones are aligned following a triple junction-shaped rift system, as result of inflation produced by the concentration of emission vents and dykes in bands at 120o to one another as a result of minimum stress fracturing of the crust by a mantle upwelling. The main structural characteristic of the southern volcanic rift (N-S) of the island is an apparent absence of a distinct ridge, and a fan shaped distribution of monogenetic cones. Four main volcanic successions in the southern volcanic rift zone of Tenerife, temporally separated by longer periods (˜70 - 250 ka) without volcanic activity, have been identified (Kröchert and Buchner, 2008). Since there are currently no visible gas emissions at the N-S rift, diffuse degassing surveys have become an important geochemical tool for the surveillance of this volcanic system. We report here the last results of diffuse CO2 efflux survey at the N-S rift of Tenerife, performed using the accumulation chamber method in the summer period of 2015. The objectives of the surveys were: (i) to constrain the total CO2 output from the studied area and (ii) to evaluate occasional CO2 efflux surveys as a volcanic surveillance tool for the N-S rift of Tenerife. Soil CO2 efflux values ranged from non-detectable up to 31.7 g m-2 d-1. A spatial distribution map, constructed following the sequential Gaussian simulation (sGs) procedure, did not show an apparent relation between higher diffuse CO2 emission values and the main N-S axis of the rift. The total CO2 output released to the atmosphere in a diffuse way has been estimated at 707 t d-1, which represents a value three times higher than the average of the three studies conducted previously. This observed increase suggests the occurrence of an episodic enhanced magmatic (endogenous) contribution. This also confirms the need of periodic diffuse emission surveys in the area as a powerful volcanic surveillance tool, mainly in volcanic systems where visible gas emanations are absent. References: Dóniz et al., 2008. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 173, 185. Kröchert and Buchner, 2008. Geol. Mag. 146, 161.

On the detectability of Teide volcano magma chambers (Tenerife, Canary Islands) with magnetotelluric data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Piña-Varas, Perla; Ledo, Juanjo; Queralt, Pilar; Marcuello, Alex; Perez, Nemesio

2018-01-01

Tenerife has been the subject of numerous studies covering a wide range of fields. Many studies have been focused on characterising the magmatic plumbing system. Even so, a controversy still exists regarding the location and size of the current magma chambers. Several magnetotelluric (MT) surveys have been carried out in the island, but no conductivity anomalies associated with the chambers have been detected. We report the results of a set of tests conducted against the 3-D resistivity model of the island, to determine the characteristics of the detectable chambers with the MT data. The most remarkable results indicate that the MT dataset is incompatible with a large-scale mafic reservoir located at shallower depths than 8 km b.s.l. However, shallower phonolitic chambers smaller than 3 × 3 × 1 km3 could be undetected by the existing MT sites and new data should be acquired to confirm or not their existence. This new information is essential in volcanic islands like Tenerife, since many volcanic hazards are related to the size and depth of the sources of magma. Additionally, a joint interpretation of the obtained results together with other information is summarised in a hypothetical model, allowing us to better understand the internal structure of the island.[Figure not available: see fulltext.

Geological history and within-island diversity: a debris avalanche and the Tenerife lizard Gallotia galloti.

PubMed

Brown, Richard P; Hoskisson, Paul A; Welton, John-Henry; Báez, Marcos

2006-10-01

Several processes have been described that could explain geographical variation and speciation within small islands, including fragmentation of populations through volcanic eruptions. Massive landslides, or debris avalanches, could cause similar effects. Here we analyse the potential impact of the 0.8 million-year-ago (Ma) Güimar valley debris avalanche on the phylogeography of the lizard Gallotia galloti on the Canary Island of Tenerife. Distributions of mitochondrial DNA lineages (based on cytochrome b sequences) were analysed on a 60-km southeastern coast transect centred on this area. Three main clades were detected, which can be divided into northern (one clade) and southern (two clades) groups that introgress across the valley. Maximum-likelihood estimates of migration rates (scaled for mutation rate) revealed highly asymmetric patterns, indicating that long-term gene flow into this region from both the northern and the southern populations greatly exceeded that in the opposite directions, consistent with recolonization of the area. The ancestral Tenerife node on the G. galloti tree is estimated at 0.80 Ma, matching closely with the geological estimate for the debris avalanche. Morphological variation (body dimensions and scalation) was also analysed and indicated a stepped cline in female scalation across the valley, although the patterns for male scalation and male and female body dimensions were not as clear. Together these findings provide support for the hypothesis that the debris avalanche has shaped the phylogeography of G. galloti and may even have been a primary cause of the within-island cladogenesis through population fragmentation and isolation. Current estimates of timing of island unification mean that the original hypothesis that within-island diversity is explained by the secondary contact of populations from the two ancient precursor islands of Teno and Anaga is less plausible for this and some other Tenerife species. Large-scale landslides have occurred on many volcanic islands, and so may have been instrumental in shaping within-island diversities.

Source areas and long-range transport of pollen from continental land to Tenerife (Canary Islands).

PubMed

Izquierdo, Rebeca; Belmonte, Jordina; Avila, Anna; Alarcón, Marta; Cuevas, Emilio; Alonso-Pérez, Silvia

2011-01-01

The Canary Islands, due to their geographical position, constitute an adequate site for the study of long-range pollen transport from the surrounding land masses. In this study, we analyzed airborne pollen counts at two sites: Santa Cruz de Tenerife (SCO), at sea level corresponding to the marine boundary layer (MBL), and Izaña at 2,367 m.a.s.l. corresponding to the free troposphere (FT), for the years 2006 and 2007. We used three approaches to describe pollen transport: (1) a classification of provenances with an ANOVA test to describe pollen count differences between sectors; (2) a study of special events of high pollen concentrations, taking into consideration the corresponding meteorological synoptic pattern responsible for transport and back trajectories; and (3) a source-receptor model applied to a selection of the pollen taxa to show pollen source areas. Our results indicate several extra-regional pollen transport episodes to Tenerife. The main provenances were: (1) the Mediterranean region, especially the southern Iberian Peninsula and Morocco, through the trade winds in the MBL. These episodes were characterized by the presence of pollen from trees (Casuarina, Olea, Quercus perennial and deciduous types) mixed with pollen from herbs (Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae and Poaceae wild type). (2) The Saharan sector, through transport at the MBL level carrying pollen principally from herbs (Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae wild type) and, in one case, Casuarina pollen, uplifted to the free troposphere. And (3) the Sahel, characterized by low pollen concentrations of Arecaceae, Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae wild type in sporadic episodes. This research shows that sporadic events of long-range pollen transport need to be taken into consideration in Tenerife as possible responsible agents in respiratory allergy episodes. In particular, it is estimated that 89-97% of annual counts of the highly allergenous Olea originates from extra-regional sources in southern Iberia and northern Africa.

The Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias: 30 years of Research and Communication in Astronomy.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Del Puerto, Carmen; Rodriguez, Nayra; Rosenberg, Alfred; Beckman, John Etienne

2015-08-01

1985 was a year of inauguration for the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC). In that year its two observatories, the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, on the island of La Palma, (where its 10.4m optical-NIR telescope vies with the world´s major instruments), and the Observatorio del Teide, on the island of Tenerife, as well as its headquarters in La Laguna, Tenerife, were all inaugurated. This young institution has rapidly become the leading research centre for astronomy in Spain and achieved research standards at a European and world level. The 30th anniversary celebrations this year give an opportunity to maximize its already very active outreach programmes. In February two shows, featuring IAC researchers, and with astronomical themes, were shown in the main theatre of the city of La Laguna, and during the year further entertainment, collaborating with Canarian musicians and artists, is planned. Two exhibitions have been designed combining the anniversary with celebrations of the International Year of Light: “Listen to the Universe”, in Tenerife, and “Thirty Journeys around the Sun”, in La Palma, which will be open to the public for most of the year. A new outreach magazine “Parallaxes” will be launched by the IAC, in both paper and digital editions, and will complement the current blog, and news websites of the institute, as well as its communications on Facebook and Twitter. Among the activities being organized in Tenerife will be the formal naming of traffic circles with names of the telescopes at the Observatories. In conjunction with the municipal wine cellars of the local city of Tegueste a new Canarian wine produced by innovative methods and with an astronomical motif on its label, is to be launched during the year. All of these activities are in addition to the somewhat more routine productions of videos on the research lines of the IAC, including exoplanets, solar stellar, and interstellar physics, galaxies, and cosmology.

Cycles of selected elements in the frame of Globalization and Global Change in the environment of Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heidak, Markus O.; Glasmacher, Ulrich A.; Schöler, Heinfried; Trieloff, Mario; Kober, Bernd

2010-05-01

The Laurel Forest is an important and sensitive ecosystem with particular element cycling mechanisms. On Tenerife the distribution is straitened to some parts in the north, north-west and northeast. The NE trade wind ensures a permanently humid climate in the north. Major urban and industrial development is centred on Tenerife, and as a touristy hotspot the Island is exposed to heavy air traffic. Furthermore, the short distance to the African coastline and, therefore, to the Sahara, contribute a regular influence of African Dust emissions. In summary, Laurel Forest is exposed to different climatic conditions, variations in lithology and soils, and aerosols caused by local anthropogenic emissions, Saharan dust, and sea spray. The present study aims to understand geogenic and anthropogenic element transports of K, P, N, and organic components between soils and Laurel Forest. In addition, the element contribution from the aerosols such as the Sahara dust has to be quantified to understand the rock - soil - vegetation coupling system. The Sahara dust as one of the important aerosols has been studied by various researchers (Bustos et al., 1998; Rodrıguez, 1999; Torres et al., 2001; Viana et al., 2002). Viana et al.,(2002) quantified the impacts of African dust outbreaks for Tenerife and Gran Canaria, after the interpretation of the PM10 (thoracis particulate matter) from nineteen air quality monitoring stations. Three types of African dust contributions were identified and characterized (winter, summer and autumn-winter dust outbreaks). Collected samples with and without African dust influence proved that: (a) for the intensive winter African dust outbreaks (daily PM10 levels up to 191 mg/m3) at least 76% of the bulk PM10 levels may be attributable to dust load, whereas the anthropogenic input accounts for only 3-14% and (b) SiO2, Al2O3, Ca, K, Fe, Ti, V, Mn and Ba concentrations are excellent tracers of African origin (Viana et al., 2002).

Emerging rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) at the gates of the African continent.

PubMed

Martin-Alonso, Aarón; Martin-Carrillo, Natalia; Garcia-Livia, Katherine; Valladares, Basilio; Foronda, Pilar

2016-10-01

Until the beginning of this decade, the genetic characterization of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) from Iberian Peninsula had revealed the existence of two genogroups, G1 and sporadically G6. In 2010, the new emerging rabbit haemorrhagic disease variant, RHDV2 or RHDVb, was described in France, from where it has rapidly spread throughout Europe, including Iberian Peninsula countries. Nevertheless, although cases of rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) have been reported in the Canary Islands, a Spanish archipelago located 100km off the coast of Morocco, no genetic characterization of RHDV had been carried out. Consequently, in order to identify the circulating RHDV strains in this archipelago, liver samples of six farm rabbits and fifteen wild rabbits were collected from several areas of the largest island, Tenerife, and analyzed for the presence of RHDV by antigen capture double antibody sandwich ELISA. In case of positive ELISA result, we amplified and sequenced two fragments of the vp60 gene, which were concatenated for phylogenetic purposes. The sequences analysis revealed the presence of RHDV2 in both farm and wild rabbits from several areas of Tenerife. This result constitutes the first finding of RHDV2 in the Canary Islands. These RHDV2 strains found in Tenerife shared two exclusive SNPs that have not been observed in the rest of RHDV2 strains. The identification of RHDV2 and the absence of classic RHDV strains in this study suggest that RHDV2 may be replacing classic strains in Tenerife, as has been also proposed in Iberian Peninsula, France and Azores. Given the proximity of the Canary Islands to the African continent, this result should raise awareness about a possible dispersal of RHDV2 from the Canary Islands to the North of Africa. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Source areas and long-range transport of pollen from continental land to Tenerife (Canary Islands)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Izquierdo, Rebeca; Belmonte, Jordina; Avila, Anna; Alarcón, Marta; Cuevas, Emilio; Alonso-Pérez, Silvia

2011-01-01

The Canary Islands, due to their geographical position, constitute an adequate site for the study of long-range pollen transport from the surrounding land masses. In this study, we analyzed airborne pollen counts at two sites: Santa Cruz de Tenerife (SCO), at sea level corresponding to the marine boundary layer (MBL), and Izaña at 2,367 m.a.s.l. corresponding to the free troposphere (FT), for the years 2006 and 2007. We used three approaches to describe pollen transport: (1) a classification of provenances with an ANOVA test to describe pollen count differences between sectors; (2) a study of special events of high pollen concentrations, taking into consideration the corresponding meteorological synoptic pattern responsible for transport and back trajectories; and (3) a source-receptor model applied to a selection of the pollen taxa to show pollen source areas. Our results indicate several extra-regional pollen transport episodes to Tenerife. The main provenances were: (1) the Mediterranean region, especially the southern Iberian Peninsula and Morocco, through the trade winds in the MBL. These episodes were characterized by the presence of pollen from trees ( Casuarina, Olea, Quercus perennial and deciduous types) mixed with pollen from herbs ( Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae and Poaceae wild type). (2) The Saharan sector, through transport at the MBL level carrying pollen principally from herbs (Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae wild type) and, in one case, Casuarina pollen, uplifted to the free troposphere. And (3) the Sahel, characterized by low pollen concentrations of Arecaceae, Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae wild type in sporadic episodes. This research shows that sporadic events of long-range pollen transport need to be taken into consideration in Tenerife as possible responsible agents in respiratory allergy episodes. In particular, it is estimated that 89-97% of annual counts of the highly allergenous Olea originates from extra-regional sources in southern Iberia and northern Africa.

Surface Degassing Rates of Carbon Dioxide, Helium and Hydrogen at Tenerife, Canary Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Salazar, P.; Morales, A.; Lima, R.; Castro, L.; Galindo, I.; Salazar, J.; Hernandez, P.; Perez, N.

2001-12-01

Tenerife is the largest island of the Canarian archipelago (2,034 Km2), and its most recent eruption took place along the NW rift-zone in 1909, Chinyero volcano. Water supply is mainly obtained from its ground water reservoir which is reached by thousands of well and galleries. Some galleries showed an enriched-CO2 inner atmosphere because of a continuous magmatic degassing process, which is also affecting the ground water chemistry. Gas emission studies through galleries could provide a 3-D picture of the degassing model for Tenerife. An in situ method was applied for measuring CO2, He and H2 fluxes from a horizontal drilling "gallery" by means of a tracer gas method. Methane (99.995%) was applied as a tracer and injected into the gallery "Fuente del Valle" at known flow, 38 mL/min. Well mixed gas and tracer were regularly analyzed, every 5 minutes, by means of a VARIAN 2002P microGC from April 27 to May 2, 2000. CO2 and CH4 measurements were performed by means of a 10 m Poraplot Q column at 40° C, a TCD, and He as gas carrier. He, Ne and H2 measurements were analyzed by means of a 20 m high resolution Molecular Sieve 5Å column at 60° C, a TCD, and Ar as gas carrier. (CH4)gas/(CH4)air ratio was >1000 during this experiment. CO2 concentrations seem to be affected by short-term meteorological fluctuations and showed a range from 23 to 30%. An strong correlation is observed between CO2 content and He/Ne ratios, which ranged from 0.320 to 0.390. CO2 flux ranged from 1.5 to 5.5 Kg/d showing an average of 2.9 +/- 0.7 Kg/d. Secular variations of CO2 flux showed regularly peak levels almost every 12 hours. Assuming that a number of 100 galleries at Tenerife might release this level of CO2, the island subsurface degassing rate of CO2 could account for 300 Kg/d. Observed He flux ranged 2.8 to 9.0 mg/d showing an average of 5.0 +/- 1.2 mg/d. In the case of H2, flux levels ranged from 2.5 to 7.0 mg/d showing an average of 4.5 +/- 0.9 mg/d. Subsurface degassing rate monitoring could be a potential geochemical tool for seismic-volcanic surveillance at Tenerife.

Monitoring quiescent volcanoes by diffuse He degassing: case study Teide volcano

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pérez, Nemesio M.; Melián, Gladys; Asensio-Ramos, María; Padrón, Eleazar; Hernández, Pedro A.; Barrancos, José; Padilla, Germán; Rodríguez, Fátima; Calvo, David; Alonso, Mar

2016-04-01

Tenerife (2,034 km2), the largest of the Canary Islands, is the only island that has developed a central volcanic complex (Teide-Pico Viejo stratovolcanoes), characterized by the eruption of differentiated magmas. This central volcanic complex has been built in the intersection of the three major volcanic rift-zones of Tenerife, where most of the historical volcanic activity has taken place. The existence of a volcanic-hydrothermal system beneath Teide volcano is suggested by the occurrence of a weak fumarolic system, steamy ground and high rates of diffuse CO2 degassing all around the summit cone of Teide (Pérez et al., 2013). Diffuse emission studies of non-reactive and/or highly mobile gases such as helium have recently provided promising results to detect changes in the magmatic gas component at surface related to volcanic unrest episodes (Padrón et al., 2013). The geochemical properties of He minimize the interaction of this noble gas on its movement toward the earth's surface, and its isotopic composition is not affected by subsequent chemical reactions. It is highly mobile, chemically inert, physically stable, non-biogenic, sparingly soluble in water under ambient conditions, almost non-adsorbable, and highly diffusive with a diffusion coefficient ˜10 times that of CO2. As part of the geochemical monitoring program for the volcanic surveillance of Teide volcano, yearly surveys of diffuse He emission through the surface of the summit cone of Teide volcano have been performed since 2006. Soil He emission rate was measured yearly at ˜130 sampling sites selected in the surface environment of the summit cone of Teide volcano (Tenerife, Canary Islands), covering an area of ˜0.5 km2, assuming that He emission is governed by convection and diffusion. The distribution of the sampling sites was carefully chosen to homogeneously cover the target area, allowing the computation of the total He emission by sequential Gaussian simulation (sGs). Nine surveys have been carried out since 2006, showing an average emission rate of 8.0 kg/d. This value showed an anomalous increase up to 29 kg/d in the summer of 2010. The number of seismic events registered in and around Tenerife Island by the National Geographic Institute (IGN) reached also the highest value (1,176) in 2010. This excellent agreement between both times series suggest that the anomalous seismicity registered in 2010 was likely due to strain/stress changes caused by input of magmatic fluids beneath the central volcanic system of the island. These results suggest that monitoring of He degassing rates in oceanic volcanic islands is an excellent early warning geochemical precursory signal for volcanic unrest. References Padrón et al., 2013. Geology, DOI: 10.1130/G34027.1. Pérez et al., 2013. J. Geol. Soc., DOI: 10.1144/jgs2012-125.

Historical volcanic eruptions in the Canary Islands, tephra composition, and insights into the crystal cargo of basaltic magmas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Longpre, M. A.; Muller, J.; Beaudry, P.; Andronikides, A.; Felpeto, A.

2017-12-01

Since the 16th century, at least 13 volcanic eruptions have occurred in the Canary Islands that formed monogenetic cinder cones and lava flow fields: 2 on Lanzarote, 4 on Tenerife, 6 on La Palma, and 1 on the submarine flank of El Hierro. Here we present a comprehensive new dataset of tephra composition for all 13 eruptions, comprising major and trace element data for bulk rocks and matrix glasses, as well as vesicularity and crystallinity measurements. In addition, we compile available volcanological and petrological information for specific eruptions, including estimates of lava flow area and volume. All lapilli samples show a vesicularity of 40-50 vol% and a vesicle-free crystallinity (crystals ≥ 250 µm) of 5-15 vol%. Modal mineralogy varies significantly between samples, typically consisting of olivine ± clinopyroxene ± Fe-Ti oxide ± plagioclase ± amphibole in different proportions. All but 2 tephras have basanite-tephrite bulk rock compositions. Lapilli from vents of the AD 1730-1736 Timanfaya eruption, Lanzarote, largely are basaltic, whereas the AD 1798 Chahorra eruption, Tenerife, produced phonotephrite tephra. These results are in agreement with published bulk lava flow data. Unsurprisingly, glass compositions are more evolved than bulk rocks and MgOglass is weakly positively correlated to MgObulk (MgOglass = 0.30*MgObulk + 2.11, R2 = 0.54). Both bulk rocks and glasses show strikingly similar multi-element diagram patterns, with strong enrichment relative to the bulk-silicate Earth and marked positive Nb and Ta and negative Pb anomalies — typical for ocean island basalts. Glass/bulk rock elemental ratios reveal systematic differences between samples that relate to their mineralogy; for example, Lanzarote tephras that lack significant clinopyroxene and Fe-Ti oxide crystals have higher Scglass/Scbulk and Vglass/Vbulk than Tenerife, La Palma and El Hierro samples that typically contain these minerals. Among all elements, K and P display the greatest average glass/bulk rock enrichment factors (1.41 ± 0.18 and 1.47 ± 0.17, respectively). This work provides an internally consistent framework for the comparison of historical Canary Island eruptions and offers novel insights into the relationships between trace element signatures and the crystal cargo of basaltic magmas.

NLTE modeling of a small active region filament observed with the VTT

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schwartz, P.; Balthasar, H.; Kuckein, C.; Koza, J.; Gömöry, P.; Rybák, J.; Heinzel, P.; Kučera, A.

2016-11-01

An active region mini-discretionary-filament was observed with the Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT) in Tenerife simultaneously in the He I infrared triplet using the Tenerife Infrared Polarimeter 1 (TIP 1), in Hα with the TESOS Fabry-Pérot interferometer, and in Ca II 8542 Å with the VTT spectrograph. The spectropolarimetric data were inverted using the HAZEL code and Hα profiles were modelled by solving a NLTE radiative transfer in a simple isobaric and isothermal 2D slab irradiated both from its bottom and sides from the solar surface. It was found that the mini-discretionary-filament is composed of horizontal fluxtubes, along which the cool plasma of T˜10 000 K can flow with very large, even supersonic, velocities.

A GIS-based methodology for the estimation of potential volcanic damage and its application to Tenerife Island, Spain

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Scaini, C.; Felpeto, A.; Martí, J.; Carniel, R.

2014-05-01

This paper presents a GIS-based methodology to estimate damages produced by volcanic eruptions. The methodology is constituted by four parts: definition and simulation of eruptive scenarios, exposure analysis, vulnerability assessment and estimation of expected damages. Multi-hazard eruptive scenarios are defined for the Teide-Pico Viejo active volcanic complex, and simulated through the VORIS tool. The exposure analysis identifies the elements exposed to the hazard at stake and focuses on the relevant assets for the study area. The vulnerability analysis is based on previous studies on the built environment and complemented with the analysis of transportation and urban infrastructures. Damage assessment is performed associating a qualitative damage rating to each combination of hazard and vulnerability. This operation consists in a GIS-based overlap, performed for each hazardous phenomenon considered and for each element. The methodology is then automated into a GIS-based tool using an ArcGIS® program. Given the eruptive scenarios and the characteristics of the exposed elements, the tool produces expected damage maps. The tool is applied to the Icod Valley (North of Tenerife Island) which is likely to be affected by volcanic phenomena in case of eruption from both the Teide-Pico Viejo volcanic complex and North-West basaltic rift. Results are thematic maps of vulnerability and damage that can be displayed at different levels of detail, depending on the user preferences. The aim of the tool is to facilitate territorial planning and risk management in active volcanic areas.

Urban NH3 levels and sources in six major Spanish cities.

PubMed

Reche, Cristina; Viana, Mar; Karanasiou, Angeliki; Cusack, Michael; Alastuey, Andrés; Artiñano, Begoña; Revuelta, M Aranzazu; López-Mahía, Purificación; Blanco-Heras, Gustavo; Rodríguez, Sergio; Sánchez de la Campa, Ana M; Fernández-Camacho, Rocío; González-Castanedo, Yolanda; Mantilla, Enrique; Tang, Y Sim; Querol, Xavier

2015-01-01

A detailed spatial and temporal assessment of urban NH3 levels and potential emission sources was made with passive samplers in six major Spanish cities (Barcelona, Madrid, A Coruña, Huelva, Santa Cruz de Tenerife and Valencia). Measurements were conducted during two different periods (winter-autumn and spring-summer) in each city. Barcelona showed the clearest spatial pattern, with the highest concentrations in the old city centre, an area characterised by a high population density and a dense urban architecture. The variability in NH3 concentrations did not follow a common seasonal pattern across the different cities. The relationship of urban NH3 with SO2 and NOX allowed concluding on the causes responsible for the variations in NH3 levels between measurement periods observed in Barcelona, Huelva and Madrid. However, the factors governing the variations in A Coruña, Valencia and Santa Cruz de Tenerife are still not fully understood. This study identified a broad variability in NH3 concentrations at the city-scale, and it confirms that NH3 sources in Spanish urban environments are vehicular traffic, biological sources (e.g. garbage containers), wastewater treatment plants, solid waste treatment plants and industry. The importance of NH3 monitoring in urban environments relies on its role as a precursor of secondary inorganic species and therefore PMX. Further research should be addressed in order to establish criteria to develop and implement mitigation strategies for cities, and to include urban NH3 sources in the emission inventories. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Population structure of the banana weevil, an introduced pest in the Canary Islands, studied by RAPD analysis.

PubMed

Magaña, C; Beroiz, B; Hernández-Crespo, P; Montes de Oca, M; Carnero, A; Ortego, F; Castañera, P

2007-12-01

The banana weevil (BW), Cosmopolites sordidus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is one of the most important insect pests of bananas and plantains. The mobility and the origin of BW infestations at the Canary Islands (Tenerife, La Gomera and La Palma) have been analysed using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) as molecular markers. Populations from Costa Rica, Colombia, Uganda and Madeira were also included for comparison. One hundred and fifteen reproducible bands from eight primers were obtained. The level of polymorphism in the populations from the Canary Islands (40-62%) was in the range of those found in other populations. Nei's genetic distances, pair-wise fixation index (FST) values indicate that the closest populations are Tenerife populations among themselves (Nei's genetic distance=0.054-0.100; FST=0.091-0.157) and Costa Rica and Colombia populations (Nei's genetic distance=0.049; FST=0.113). Our results indicate the existence of BW local biotypes with limited gene flow and affected by genetic drift. These results are compatible with a unique event of colonization at Tenerife; whereas, the outbreaks in La Gomera and La Palma may come from independent introductions. The Madeira population is phylogenetically and geographically closer to the Canary Islands populations, suggesting that it is the most likely source of the insects introduced in the Canary Islands.

The lost honour of Henrietta Leavitt

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Del Puerto, C.

2011-11-01

The first scene opens with the music of Shirley Bassey. The astronomer Henrietta Swan Leavitt is writing a diary when visited by the famous CBS reporter Edward Roscoe Murrow. Henrietta is surprised that this American television channel should want to pay such a tribute to her, but she agrees to be interviewed. Annie Jump Cannon, her friend and colleague from Harvard College Observatory, accompanies her during most of the sessions. Everything goes so well that the journalist tries to touch on certain issues that Henrietta seems to want to keep secret, such as her relationship with Edward Charles Pickering, Director of the Observatory, and the reason why she failed to get the recognition for her work that she deserved.This is the argument of the play The Lost Honor of Henrietta Leavitt, a project of the Museo de la Ciencia y el Cosmos (Museum of Science and the Cosmos), run by the Organismo Autonomo de Museos y Centros of Cabildo de Tenerife (Autonomous Organism of Museums and Centres of the island government, Cabildo of Tenerife), with funding from the Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology (FECYT) and designed for the International Year of Astronomy 2009. The play, written and directed by the author, Carmen del Puerto, has been staged eight times in Tenerife and Pamplona. The poster values this experience as a resource for scientific popularization.

Anomalous changes of diffuse CO_{2} emission and seismic activity at Teide volcano, Tenerife, Canary Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

García-Hernández, Rubén; Melián, Gladys; D'Auria, Luca; Asensio-Ramos, María; Alonso, Mar; Padilla, Germán D.; Rodríguez, Fátima; Padrón, Eleazar; Barrancos, José; García-Merino, Marta; Amonte, Cecilia; Pérez, Aarón; Calvo, David; Hernández, Pedro A.; Pérez, Nemesio M.

2017-04-01

Tenerife (2034 km2) is the largest of the Canary Islands and hosts four main active volcanic edifices: three volcanic rifts and a central volcanic complex, Las Cañadas, which is characterized by the eruption of differentiated magmas. Laying inside Las Cañadas a twin stratovolcanoes system, Pico Viejo and Teide, has been developed. Although there are no visible gas emanations along the volcanic rifts of Tenerife, the existence of a volcanic-hydrothermal system beneath Teide volcano is suggested by the occurrence of a weak fumarolic system, steamy ground and high rates of diffuse CO2 degassing all around the summit cone of Teide. Soil CO2 efflux surveys have been performed at the summit crater of Teide volcano since 1999, to determine the diffuse CO2 emission from the summit crater and to evaluate the temporal variations of CO2 efflux and their relationships with seismic-volcanic activity. Soil CO2 efflux and soil temperature have been always measured at the same 38 observation sites homogeneously distributed within an area of about 6,972 m2 inside the summit crater. Soil CO2 diffuse effluxes were estimated according to the accumulation chamber method by means of a non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) LICOR-820 CO2 analyzer. Historical seismic activity in Tenerife has been characterized by low- to moderate-magnitude events (M <2.5), and most of the earthquake's epicenters have been clustered in an offshore area SE of Tenerife. However, very few earthquakes have occurred in other areas, including Teide volcano. At 12:18 of January 6, 2017, the Canary Seismic Network belonged to the Instituto Volcanológico de Canarias (INVOLCAN) registered an earthquake of M 2.5 located in the vertical of Teide volcano with a depth of 6.6 km. It was the strongest earthquake located inside Cañadas caldera since 2004. Between October 11 and December 13, 2016, a continuous increase on the diffuse CO2 emission was registered, from 21.3 ± 2.0 to 101.7 ± 20.7 t d-1, suggesting the occurrence of future increase in the seismic-volcanic activity. In fact, this precursory signal preceded the occurrence of the 2.5 seismic event and no significant horizontal and vertical displacements were registered by the Canary GPS network belonged to INVOLCAN. This seismic event was probably due to the increase of fluid pressure in the hydrothermal-magmatic system of Tenerife. With the aim of investigate the relationship of the observed temporal variation on diffuse CO2 emission and the seismic event occurred beneath Teide volcano in January 6, 2016, the anomalous peak of diffuse CO2 emission was tested following the Material Failure Forecast Method (FFM). To do so, a Geochemical Window Precursory Signal (GWPS) was selected between October 11 and December 13, 2016. Plotting the inverse of diffuse CO2 emission rate versus time, the interception of the linear fit of the data with the time axis indicates the theoretical moment when seismicity is most likely to occur. Surprisingly, interception of the linear fit occurred for a time window between January 6 and 9, 2017, showing an excellent correlation with the occurrence of the M 2.5 earthquake registered at Teide in January 6, 2017.

Geochemical monitoring of the Tenerife North-East Rift Zone (NERZ) volcano (Canary Islands) by means of diffuse CO_{2} degassing surveys

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barrancos, José; O'Neill, Ryan; Gould, Catherine E.; Padilla, Germán; Rodríguez, Fátima; Amonte, Cecilia; Padrón, Eleazar; Pérez, Nemesio M.

2017-04-01

Tenerife is the largest of the Canary Islands (2100 km2) and the North East Rift (NERZ) volcano is one of the three active volcanic rift-zones of the island (210 km2). The last eruptive activity at NERZ volcano occurred in 1704 and 1705, with three volcanic eruptions: Siete Fuentes, Fasnia and Arafo. In order to provide a multidisciplinary approach to monitor potential volcanic activity changes at the NERZ volcano, diffuse CO2 emission surveys have been undertaken in a yearly basis since 2001. This study shows the results of the last soil CO2 efflux survey undertaken in summer 2016, with 600 soil gas sampling sites homogenously distributed. Soil CO2 efflux measurements were performed at the surface environment by means of a portable non-dispersive infrared spectrophotometer (NDIR) LICOR Li800 following the accumulation chamber method. Soil CO2 efflux values ranged from non-detectable (˜0.5 g m-2 d-1) up to 70 g m-2 d-1, with an average value of 8.8 g m-2 d-1. In order to distinguish the existence of different geochemical populations on the soil CO2 efflux data, a Sinclair graphical analysis was done. The average value of background population was 2.9 g m-2 d-1 and that of peak population was 67.8 g m-2 d-1, value that has been increasing since the year 2014. To quantify the total CO2 emission rate from the NERZ volcano a sequential Gaussian simulation (sGs) was used as interpolation method to construct soil CO2 emission contour maps. The diffuse CO2 emission rate for the studied area was estimated in 1,675 ± 47 t d-1. If we compare the 2016 results with those ones obtained in previous surveys since 2001, two main pulses on diffuse CO2 emission are identified, the first one in 2007 and the second one between during 2014 and 2016. This long-term variation on the diffuse CO2 emission doesn't seem to be masked by the external-meteorological variations. However, the first peak precedes the anomalous seismicity recorded in and around Tenerife Island between 2009 and 2011, suggesting changes in strain-stress at depth as a possible cause of the observed changes in the diffuse CO2 emission rate. On the other hand, the second peak seems to be related to later changes in the seismicity, such as the seismic activity that occurred in Tenerife at the end of 2016. Again, this study demonstrates the importance of studies of soil CO2 efflux at the NERZ volcano of Tenerife island as an effective volcanic monitoring tool.

Earth Observations taken by the Expedition 13 crew

NASA Image and Video Library

2006-05-20

ISS013-E-23272 (8 June 2006) --- Tenerife Island, Spain is featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 13 crewmember on the International Space Station. Tenerife is the largest of the Canary Islands, a Spanish possession located off the northwestern coast of Africa. According to scientists, the islands in the chain could have been produced by eruptions of basaltic shield volcanoes as the African tectonic plate moved over a stationary "hot spot" much like the formation of the Hawaiian Islands. A different hypothesis relates the Canary Islands to magma rise along underwater faults during the uplift of the Atlas Mountains in northern Africa. The island of Tenerife exhibits many excellent volcanic features. The central feature of this image is the elliptical depression of the Las Ca?adas caldera that measures 170 square kilometers in area. A caldera is typically formed when the magma chamber underneath a volcano is completely emptied (usually following a massive eruptive event), and the overlying materials collapse into the newly formed void beneath the surface. A large landslide may have also contributed to (or been the primary cause of) formation of the caldera structure. In this model, part of the original shield volcano forming the bedrock of the island collapsed onto the adjacent sea floor, forming the large depression of the caldera. According to scientists, following formation of the caldera approximately 0.17 million years ago, the composite volcanoes of Mount Teide and Pico Viejo formed. Teide is the highest peak in the Atlantic Ocean with a summit elevation of 3,715 meters. This type of volcano is formed by alternating layers of dense lava flows and more fragmented explosive eruption products, and can build high cones. Many linear flow levees are visible along the flanks of Teide volcano extending from the summit to the base, while a large circular explosion crater marks the summit of Pico Viejo. The floor of the Las Ca?adas caldera is covered with tan, red-brown, and black irregularly-lobed lava flows, the eruptions of which have been observed by settlers and seamen since 1402. The most recent eruption occurred in 1909. The island of Tenerife is actively monitored for further activity.

Laser based bi-directional Gbit ground links with the Tesat transportable adaptive optical ground station

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heine, Frank; Saucke, Karen; Troendle, Daniel; Motzigemba, Matthias; Bischl, Hermann; Elser, Dominique; Marquardt, Christoph; Henninger, Hennes; Meyer, Rolf; Richter, Ines; Sodnik, Zoran

2017-02-01

Optical ground stations can be an alternative to radio frequency based transmit (forward) and receive (return) systems for data relay services and other applications including direct to earth optical communications from low earth orbit spacecrafts, deep space receivers, space based quantum key distribution systems and Tbps capacity feeder links to geostationary spacecrafts. The Tesat Transportable Adaptive Optical Ground Station is operational since September 2015 at the European Space Agency site in Tenerife, Spain.. This paper reports about the results of the 2016 experimental campaigns including the characterization of the optical channel from Tenerife for an optimized coding scheme, the performance of the T-AOGS under different atmospheric conditions and the first successful measurements of the suitability of the Alphasat LCT optical downlink performance for future continuous variable quantum key distribution systems.

A direct approach to estimating the number of potential fatalities from an eruption: Application to the Central Volcanic Complex of Tenerife Island

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marrero, J. M.; García, A.; Llinares, A.; Rodriguez-Losada, J. A.; Ortiz, R.

2012-03-01

One of the critical issues in managing volcanic crises is making the decision to evacuate a densely-populated region. In order to take a decision of such importance it is essential to estimate the cost in lives for each of the expected eruptive scenarios. One of the tools that assist in estimating the number of potential fatalities for such decision-making is the calculation of the FN-curves. In this case the FN-curve is a graphical representation that relates the frequency of the different hazards to be expected for a particular volcano or volcanic area, and the number of potential fatalities expected for each event if the zone of impact is not evacuated. In this study we propose a method for assessing the impact that a possible eruption from the Tenerife Central Volcanic Complex (CVC) would have on the population at risk. Factors taken into account include the spatial probability of the eruptive scenarios (susceptibility) and the temporal probability of the magnitudes of the eruptive scenarios. For each point or cell of the susceptibility map with greater probability, a series of probability-scaled hazard maps is constructed for the whole range of magnitudes expected. The number of potential fatalities is obtained from the intersection of the hazard maps with the spatial map of population distribution. The results show that the Emergency Plan for Tenerife must provide for the evacuation of more than 100,000 persons.

Seismic Study of the Solar Interior: Inferences from SOI/MDI Observations During Solar Activity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Korzennik, Sylvain G.; Wagner, William J. (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

We have continued in collaboration with Dr. Eff-Darwich (University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain) the study of the structure, asphericity and dynamics of the solar interior from p-mode frequencies and frequency splittings. In March 2001, Dr. Eff-Darwich came for 3 weeks visit to CfA. During this visit we completed our work on the inversion of the internal solar rotation rate, and submitted a paper describing this work to the Astrophysical Journal. This paper has been recently revised in response to the referee comments and I expect that it will be accepted for publication very soon. We also have analyzed helioseismic data looking for temporal variations of the solar stratification near the base of the convection zone. We have expanded on the initial work that was presented at the SOHO-10/GONG-2000 meeting (October 2000, Tenerife), and are in the process of writing this up. Substantial progress towards the characterization of high-degree p-modes has been achieved. Indeed, in collaboration Dr. Rabello-Soares (Stanford University), we have gained a clear conceptual understanding of the various elements that affect the leakage matrix of the SOI/MDI instrument. This was presented in an invited talk at the SOHO-10/GONG-2000 meeting (October 2000, Tenerife). Once we will have successfully migrated from a qualitative to a quantitative assessment of these effects, we should be able to generate high-degree p-modes frequencies so crucial in the diagnostic of the layers just below solar surface.

Evidence for magmatic underplating and partial melt beneath the Canary Islands derived using teleseismic receiver functions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lodge, A.; Nippress, S. E. J.; Rietbrock, A.; García-Yeguas, A.; Ibáñez, J. M.

2012-12-01

In recent years, an increasing number of studies have focussed on resolving the internal structure of ocean island volcanoes. Traditionally, active source seismic experiments have been used to image the volcano edifice. Here we present results using the analysis of compressional to shear (P to S) converted seismic phases from teleseismic events, recorded by stations involved in an active source experiment "TOM-TEIDEVS" (Ibáñez et al., 2008), on the island of Tenerife, Canary Islands. We supplement this data with receiver function (RF) analysis of seismograms from the Canary Islands of Lanzarote and La Palma, applying the extended-time multitaper frequency domain cross-correlation estimation method (Helffrich, 2006). We use the neighbourhood inversion approach of Sambridge (1999a,b) to model the RFs and our results indicate magmatic underplating exists beneath all three islands, ranging from 2 to 8 km, but showing no clear correlation with the age of the island. Beneath both La Palma and Tenerife, we find localized low velocity zones (LVZs), which we interpret as due to partial melt, supported by their correlation with the location of historical earthquakes (La Palma) and recent earthquakes (Tenerife). For Lanzarote, we do not sample the most recently volcanically active region and find no evidence for a LVZ. Instead, we find a simple gradational velocity structure, with discontinuities at ˜4, 10 and 18 km depth, in line with previous studies.

Seventeen years of monitoring diffuse CO2 emission from the Tenerife North-West Rift Zone (NWRZ) volcano, Canary Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Padilla, Germán D.; Evans, Bethany J.; Provis, Aaron R.; Asensio, María; Alonso, Mar; Calvo, David; Hernández, Pedro; Pérez, Nemesio M.

2017-04-01

Tenerife together and Gran Canaria are the central islands of the Canarian archipelago, which have developed a central volcanic complex characterized by the eruption of differentiated magmas. Tenerife is the largest of the Canary Islands (2100 km2) and at present, the North-West Rift-Zone (NWRZ) is one of the most active volcanic structures of the three volcanic rift-zone of the island, which has hosted two historical eruptions (Arenas Negras in 1706 and Chinyero in 1909). In order to monitor the volcanic activity of NWRZ, since the year 2000, 49 soil CO2 efflux surveys have been performed at NWRZ (more than 300 observation sites each one) to evaluate the temporal an spatial variations of CO2 efflux and their relationships with the volcanic-seismic activity. Measurements were performed in accordance with the accumulation chamber method. Spatial distribution maps were constructed following the sequential Gaussian simulation (sGs) procedure. To quantify the total CO2 emission from the studied area, 100 simulations for each survey have been performed. We report herein the results of the last diffuse CO2 efflux surveys at the NWRZ undertaken in July and October 2016 to constrain the total CO2 output from the studied area. During July and October 2016 surveys, soil CO2 efflux values ranged from non-detectable up to 32.4 and 53.7 g m-2 d-1, respectively. The total diffuse CO2 output released to atmosphere were estimated at 255 ± 9 and 338 ± 18 t d-1, respectively, values higher than the background CO2 emission estimated on 144 t d-1. Since 2000, soil CO2 efflux values have ranged from non-detectable up to 141 g m-2 d-1, with the highest values measured in May 2005 whereas total CO2 output ranged between 52 and 867 t d-1. Long-term variations in the total CO2 output have shown a temporal correlation with the onsets of seismic activity at Tenerife, supporting unrest of the volcanic system, as is also suggested by anomalous seismic activity recorded in the studied area during April 22-29, 2004 and also during October 2-3, 2016. Spatial distribution of soil CO2 efflux values also showed changes in magnitude and amplitude, with higher CO2 efflux values measured along a trending WNW-ESE zone. Subsurface magma movement is proposed as a cause for the observed changes in the total output of diffuse CO2 emission as well as for the spatial distribution of soil CO2 efflux. The increasing trend of total CO2 output suggests increasing pressurization of the volcanic-hydrothermal system, a mechanism capable of triggering dyke intrusion along the NWRZ of Tenerife in the near future or futures changes in the seismicity. This study demonstrates the importance of performing soil CO2 efflux surveys as an effective surveillance volcanic tool.

Polarimetric receiver in the forty gigahertz band: new instrument for the Q-U-I joint Tenerife experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Villa, Enrique; Cano, Juan L.; Aja, Beatriz; Terán, J. Vicente; de la Fuente, Luisa; Mediavilla, Ángel; Artal, Eduardo

2018-03-01

This paper describes the analysis, design and characterization of a polarimetric receiver developed for covering the 35 to 47 GHz frequency band in the new instrument aimed at completing the ground-based Q-U-I Joint Tenerife Experiment. This experiment is designed to measure polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background. The described high frequency instrument is a HEMT-based array composed of 29 pixels. A thorough analysis of the behaviour of the proposed receiver, based on electronic phase switching, is presented for a noise-like linearly polarized input signal, obtaining simultaneously I, Q and U Stokes parameters of the input signal. Wideband subsystems are designed, assembled and characterized for the polarimeter. Their performances are described showing appropriate results within the 35-to-47 GHz frequency band. Functionality tests are performed at room and cryogenic temperatures with adequate results for both temperature conditions, which validate the receiver concept and performance.

Fracture and damage localization in volcanic edifice rocks from El Hierro, Stromboli and Tenerife.

PubMed

Harnett, Claire E; Benson, Philip M; Rowley, Pete; Fazio, Marco

2018-01-31

We present elastic wave velocity and strength data from a suite of three volcanic rocks taken from the volcanic edifices of El Hierro and Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain), and Stromboli (Aeolian Islands, Italy). These rocks span a range of porosity and are taken from volcanoes that suffer from edifice instability. We measure elastic wave velocities at known incident angles to the generated through-going fault as a function of imposed strain, and examine the effect of the damage zone on P-wave velocity. Such data are important as field measurements of elastic wave tomography are key tools for understanding volcanic regions, yet hidden fractures are likely to have a significant effect on elastic wave velocity. We then use elastic wave velocity evolution to calculate concomitant crack density evolution which ranges from 0 to 0.17: highest values were correlated to the damage zone in rocks with the highest initial porosity.

Palaeo-islands as refugia and sources of genetic diversity within volcanic archipelagos: the case of the widespread endemic Canarina canariensis (Campanulaceae).

PubMed

Mairal, M; Sanmartín, I; Aldasoro, J J; Culshaw, V; Manolopoulou, I; Alarcón, M

2015-08-01

Geographical isolation by oceanic barriers and climatic stability has been postulated as some of the main factors driving diversification within volcanic archipelagos. However, few studies have focused on the effect that catastrophic volcanic events have had on patterns of within-island differentiation in geological time. This study employed data from the chloroplast (cpDNA haplotypes) and the nuclear (AFLPs) genomes to examine the patterns of genetic variation in Canarina canariensis, an iconic plant species associated with the endemic laurel forest of the Canary Islands. We found a strong geographical population structure, with a first divergence around 0.8 Ma that has Tenerife as its central axis and divides Canarian populations into eastern and western clades. Genetic diversity was greatest in the geologically stable 'palaeo-islands' of Anaga, Teno and Roque del Conde; these areas were also inferred as the ancestral location of migrant alleles towards other disturbed areas within Tenerife or the nearby islands using a Bayesian approach to phylogeographical clustering. Oceanic barriers, in contrast, appear to have played a lesser role in structuring genetic variation, with intra-island levels of genetic diversity larger than those between-islands. We argue that volcanic eruptions and landslides after the merging of the palaeo-islands 3.5 Ma played key roles in generating genetic boundaries within Tenerife, with the palaeo-islands acting as refugia against extinction, and as cradles and sources of genetic diversity to other areas within the archipelago. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Soil CO2 efflux measurement network by means of closed static chambers to monitor volcanic activity at Tenerife, Canary Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Amonte, Cecilia; García-Merino, Marta; Asensio-Ramos, María; Melián, Gladys; García-Hernández, Rubén; Pérez, Aaron; Hernández, Pedro A.; Pérez, Nemesio M.

2017-04-01

Tenerife (2304 km2) is the largest of the Canary Islands and has developed a central volcanic complex (Cañadas edifice), that started to grow about 3.5 My ago. Coeval with the construction of the Cañadas edifice, shield basaltic volcanism continued until the present along three rift zones oriented NW-SE, NE-SW and NS (hereinafter referred as NW, NE and NS respectively). Main volcanic historical activity has occurred along de NW and NE rift-zones, although summit cone of Teide volcano, in central volcanic complex, is the only area of the island where surface geothermal manifestations are visible. Uprising of deep-seated gases occurs along the aforementioned volcanic structures causing diffuse emissions at the surface environment of the rift-zones. In the last 20 years, there has been considerable interest in the study of diffuse degassing as a powerful tool in volcano monitoring programs. Diffuse degassing studies are even more important volcanic surveillance tool at those volcanic areas where visible manifestations of volcanic gases are absent. Historically, soil gas and diffuse degassing surveys in volcanic environments have focused mainly on CO2 because it is, after water vapor, the most abundant gas dissolved in magma. One of the most popular methods used to determine CO2 fluxes in soil sciences is based on the absorption of CO2 through an alkaline medium, in its solid or liquid form, followed by gravimetric, conductivity, or titration analyses. In the summer of 2016, a network of 31 closed static chambers was installed, covering the three main structural zones of Tenerife (NE, NW and NS) as well as Cañadas Caldera with volcanic surveillance porpoises. 50 cc of 0.1N KOH solution is placed inside the chamber to absorb the CO2 released from the soil. The solution is replaced weekly and the trapped CO2 is then analyzed at the laboratory by titration. The are expressed as weekly integrated CO2 efflux values. The CO2 efflux values ranged from 3.2 to 12.9 gṡm-2ṡd-1, with average values of 7.0 gṡm-2ṡd-1 for the NE rift-zone and 6.4 gṡm-2ṡd-1 for NW and NS rift-zones. The most significant CO2 efflux values were observed in the NE rift-zone, with maximum values of 12.5 gṡm-2ṡd-1. To investigate the origin of the soil CO2 at the three volcanic rifts, soil gas samples were weekly taken on the head space of the closed chambers to study the chemical composition and the isotopic composition of the CO2. Collected gas samples can be considered as CO2-enriched air, showing concentrations of CO2 in the range 370-22,448 ppmV, with average values of 2,859 ppmV, 1,396 ppmV and 1,216 ppmV for the NE, NW and NS rift-zones, respectively. The CO2isotopic composition, expressed as dxzC-CO2, indicates that most of the sampling sites exhibited CO2 composed by different mixing degrees between atmospheric and biogenic CO2 with slight inputs of deep-seated CO2, with mean values of -17.5‰ -13.6‰ and -16.4‰ for the NE, NW and NS rift-zones, respectively. The methodology presented here represents an inexpensive method that might help to detect early warning signals of future unrest episodes in Tenerife.

Signatures of coronal rain observed in the chromosphere of an Active Region Filament

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pillet, V. M.; McAteer, J.

2016-12-01

Using He 10830A spectropolarimetric data from the Tenerife Infrared Polarimeter (TIP) in a rather compact active region neutral line, we observe a persistent chromospheric downflow on both sides of the neutral line that we interpret as the signature of rain from the Corona. The photospheric Si I line also present in this spectral region allows studying the continuation of the chromospheric downflow into the deeper areas dominated by granulation. Full reconstruction of the photospheric and chromospheric vector magnetic field showed that the active region filament was the central, axial, part of a magnetic flux rope. These observations demonstrate the potential of this spectral region to monitor the magnetic field and plasma motions in solar filaments. NMSU and NSO are teaming to start a synoptic program at the DST (Sac Peak) that uses this spectral region to track the evolution of magnetic fields and flows in solar filaments. We briefly present the characteristics of the synoptic program.

A measurement of Teide height in 1776

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

de la Cruz Gallego, María; Vaquero, José M.; García, José A.; Cancillo, María Luisa

1999-09-01

A measurement of the altitude of the Teide peak on Tenerife in the Canary Islands calculated by Spanish and French naval officers from barometric and thermometric data in 1776 is presented here. The observations are described and the result obtained is discussed.

Surface geothermal exploration in the Canary Islands by means of soil CO_{2} degassing surveys

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

García-Merino, Marta; Rodríguez, Fátima; Padrón, Eleazar; Melián, Gladys; Asensio-Ramos, María; Barrancos, José; Hernández, Pedro A.; Pérez, Nemesio M.

2017-04-01

With the exception of the Teide fumaroles, there is not any evidence of hydrothermal fluid discharges in the surficial environment of the Canary Islands, the only Spanish territory with potential high enthalpy geothermal resources. Here we show the results of several diffuse CO2 degassing surveys carried out at five mining licenses in Tenerife and Gran Canaria with the aim of sorting the possible geothermal potential of these five mining licenses. The primary objective of the study was to reduce the uncertainty inherent to the selection of the areas with highest geothermal potential for future exploration works. The yardstick used to classify the different areas was the contribution of volcano-hydrothermal CO2 in the diffuse CO2 degassing at each study area. Several hundreds of measurements of diffuse CO2 emission, soil CO2 concentration and isotopic composition were performed at each mining license. Based in three different endmembers (biogenic, atmospheric and deep-seated CO2) with different CO2 concentrations (100, 0.04 and 100%, respectively) and isotopic compositions (-24, -8 and -3 per mil vs. VPDB respectively) a mass balance to distinguish the different contribution of each endmember in the soil CO2 at each sampling site was made. The percentage of the volcano-hydrothermal contribution in the current diffuse CO2 degassing was in the range 0-19%. The Abeque mining license, that comprises part of the north-west volcanic rift of Tenerife, seemed to show the highest geothermal potential, with an average of 19% of CO2 being released from deep sources, followed by Atidama (south east of Gran Canaria) and Garehagua (southern volcanic rift of Tenerife), with 17% and 12% respectively.

Evaluation of the levels of alcohol sulfates and ethoxysulfates in marine sediments near wastewater discharge points along the coast of Tenerife Island.

PubMed

Fernández-Ramos, C; Ballesteros, O; Zafra-Gómez, A; Camino-Sánchez, F J; Blanc, R; Navalón, A; Pérez-Trujillo, J P; Vílchez, J L

2014-02-15

Alcohol sulfates (AS) and alcohol ethoxysulfates (AES) are all High Production Volume and 'down-the-drain' chemicals used globally in detergent and personal care products, resulting in low levels ultimately released to the environment via wastewater treatment plant effluents. They have a strong affinity for sorption to sediments. Almost 50% of Tenerife Island surface area is environmentally protected. Therefore, determination of concentration levels of AS/AES in marine sediments near wastewater discharge points along the coast of the Island is of interest. These data were obtained after pressurized liquid extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Short chains of AES and especially of AS dominated the homologue distribution for AES. The Principal Components Analysis was used. The results showed that the sources of AS and AES were the same and that both compounds exhibit similar behavior. Three different patterns in the distribution for homologues and ethoxymers were found. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Long-term (17 Ma) turbidite record of the timing and frequency of large flank collapses of the Canary Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hunt, J. E.; Talling, P. J.; Clare, M. A.; Jarvis, I.; Wynn, R. B.

2014-08-01

Volcaniclastic turbidites on the Madeira Abyssal Plain provide a record of large-volume volcanic island flank collapses from the Canary Islands. This long-term record spans 17 Ma, and comprises 125 volcaniclastic beds. Determining the timing, provenance and volumes of these turbidites provides key information about the occurrence of mass wasting from the Canary Islands, especially the western islands of Tenerife, La Palma and El Hierro. These turbidite records demonstrate that landslides often coincide with protracted periods of volcanic edifice growth, suggesting that loading of the volcanic edifices may be a key preconditioning factor for landslide triggers. Furthermore, the last large-volume failures from Tenerife coincide with explosive volcanism at the end of eruptive cycles. Many large-volume Canary Island landslides also occurred during periods of warmer and wetter climates associated with sea-level rise and subsequent highstand. However, these turbidites are not serially dependent and any association with climate or sea level change is not statistically significant.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Suárez, D. Orozco; Ramos, A. Asensio; Bueno, J. Trujillo, E-mail: dorozco@iac.es

Proving the magnetic configuration of solar spicules has hitherto been difficult due to the lack of spatial resolution and image stability during off-limb ground-based observations. We report spectropolarimetric observations of spicules taken in the He i 1083 nm spectral region with the Tenerife Infrared Polarimeter II at the German Vacuum Tower Telescope of the Observatorio del Teide (Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain). The data provide the variation with geometrical height of the Stokes I, Q, U, and V profiles, whose encoded information allows the determination of the magnetic field vector by means of the HAZEL inversion code. The inferred results showmore » that the average magnetic field strength at the base of solar spicules is about 80 gauss, and then it decreases rapidly with height to about 30 gauss at a height of 3000 km above the visible solar surface. Moreover, the magnetic field vector is close to vertical at the base of the chromosphere and has mid-inclinations (about 50°) above 2 Mm height.« less

STELLA: 10 years of robotic observations on Tenerife

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Weber, Michael; Granzer, Thomas; Strassmeier, Klaus G.

2016-07-01

STELLA is a robotic observatory on Tenerife housing two 1.2m robotic telescopes. One telescope is fibre-feeding a high-resolution (R=55,000) échelle spectrograph (SES), while the other telescope is equipped with a visible wide- field (FOV=22' x 22') imaging instrument (WiFSIP). Robotic observations started mid 2006, and the primary scientific driver is monitoring of stellar-activity related phenomena. The STELLA Control System (SCS) software package was originally tailored to the STELLA roll-off style building and high-resolution spectroscopy, but was extended over the years to support the wide-field imager, an off-axis guider for the imager, separate acquisition telescopes, classical domes, and targets-of-opportunity. The SCS allows for unattended, off-line operation of the observatory, targets can be uploaded at any time and are selected based on merit-functions in real-time (dispatch scheduling). We report on the current status of the observatory and the current capabilities of the SCS.

Space Radar Image of Teide Volcano

NASA Image and Video Library

1999-04-15

This radar image shows the Teide volcano on the island of Tenerife in the Canary Islands. The Canary Islands, part of Spain, are located in the eastern Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Morocco. Teide has erupted only once in the 20th Century, in 1909, but is considered a potentially threatening volcano due to its proximity to the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, shown in this image as the purple and white area on the lower right edge of the island. The summit crater of Teide, clearly visible in the left center of the image, contains lava flows of various ages and roughnesses that appear in shades of green and brown. Different vegetation zones, both natural and agricultural, are detected by the radar as areas of purple, green and yellow on the volcano's flanks. Scientists are using images such as this to understand the evolution of the structure of Teide, especially the formation of the summit caldera and the potential for collapse of the flanks. The volcano is one of 15 identified by scientists as potentially hazardous to local populations, as part of the international The image was acquired by the Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR) onboard the space shuttle Endeavour on October 11, 1994. SIR-C/X-SAR, a joint mission of the German, Italian and the United States space agencies, is part of NASA's Mission to Planet Earth. The image is centered at 28.3 degrees North latitude and 16.6 degrees West longitude. North is toward the upper right. The area shown measures 90 kilometers by 54.5 kilometers (55.8 miles by 33.8 miles). The colors in the image are assigned to different frequencies and polarizations of the radar as follows: red is L-band horizontally transmitted, horizontally received; green is L-band horizontally transmitted, vertically received; blue is C-band horizontally transmitted, vertically received. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01779

Acoustic Detection, Behavior, and Habitat Use of Deep-Diving Odontocetes

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-09-22

de Estudios de Biologia Marina. Alicante. Spain, Sept. 2010. Escanez A., Guerra A., Gonzalez A., Landeira J., Vicente A., Arranz P., Aguilar N...34Cefalopodos mesopelagicos capturados en las islas de El Hierro u Tenerife durante la campana Zifiocal-I", Sociedad Iberico de Estudios de Biologia

Acoustic Detection, Behavior, and Habitat Use of Deep-Diving Odontocetes

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-09-30

Biologia Marina, Alicante, Sept. 2010. Escanez A., Guerra A., Gonzalez A., Landeira J., Vicente A., Arranz P., Aguilar N., "Cefalopodos...mesopelagicos capturados en las islas de El Hierro u Tenerife durante la campana Zifiocal-I", Sociedad Iberico de Estudios de Biologia Marina, Alicante, Sept

Watching the Moon from Tenerife

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baruch, John; Machell, James; Norris, Kath

2005-01-01

"Where does the Sun go at night?" or "Why don't the Australians fall off?" are typical of the innocent questions that children ask. A new "Earth and Beyond" primary science learning programme from the University of Bradford is piloting some exciting ways to engage children with these questions and providing…

A deep scar in the flank of Tenerife (Canary Islands): Geophysical contribution to tsunami hazard assessment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Coppo, Nicolas P.; Schnegg, Pierre-André; Falco, Pierik; Costa, Roberto

2009-05-01

Among the high-intensity on-Earth tsunami generating events, seismicity, submarine landslides, and volcano lateral collapses are the most important [Ward, S.H., 2001. Landslide tsunami. J. Geophy. Res. 106, 11201-11215; Holcomb, R.T., Searle, R.C., 1991. Large landslides from oceanic volcanoes. Mar. Geotech. 10, 19-32; Tinti, S., Bortolucci, E., Romagnoli, C., 2000. Computer simulations of tsunamis due to the sector collapse ar Stromboli, Italy. J. Volcano. Geotherm. Res. 96, 103-128; Ward, S.N., Day, S., 2003. Ritter Island Volcano — lateral collapse and the tsunami of 1888. Geophys. J. Int. 154, 891-902; MacGuire, W.J., 2003. Volcano instability and lateral collapse. Revista 1, 33-45]. Offshore bathymetry studies highlighted huge accumulations of large mass-waste flows (up to thousands cubic kilometres) inherited from past lateral collapses or submarine landslides [ Le Friant, A., Boudon, G., Deplus, C., Villemant, B., 2003. Large-scale flank collapse events during the activity of Montagne Pelée, Martinique, Lesser Antilles. J. Geophys. Res. 108, ECV13; Moore, J.G. et al., 1989. Prodigious submarine Landslides on the Hawaiian ridge. J. Geophys. Res. 94, 17465-17484] which spread over more than 100 km off the northern Tenerife (Canary Islands) coastline [Watts, A.B., Masson, D.G., 1995. A giant landslide on the north flank of Tenerife, Canary Islands. J. Geophys. Res. 100, 24487-24498]. Although mechanics and dynamics triggering such catastrophic events follow from combined complex processes and interactions [Hürlimann, M., Garcia-Piera, J.-O., Ledesma, A., 2000. Causes and mobility of large volcanic landslides: application to Tenerife, Canary Islands. J. Volcano. Geotherm. Res. 103, 121-134; Masson, D.G. et al., 2002. Slope failures on the flanks of the western Canary Islands. Earth-Sci. Rev. 57, 1-35; Reid, M.E., Sisson, T.W., Brien, D.L., 2001. Volcano collapse promoted by hydrothermal alteration and edifice shape, Mount Rainier, Washington. Geology 29, 779-782], potential movable volume is an unavoidable parameter to quantify and constrain tsunamigenic hazard. Numerical modelling of a tsunami generated by the potential La Palma landslide concluded that high amplitude waves threaten North Atlantic shorelines [Ward, S.N., Day, S.J., 2001. Cumbre Vieja volcano — Potential collapse and tsunami at La Palma, Canary Islands. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, 397-400]. New audiomagnetotelluric results provide for the first time a good estimation of the Icod Valley (Tenerife, Canary Islands) volume, a potential giant landslide threatening the same shorelines. Two profiles image its electrically conductive roots with a characteristic of a U-shaped cross-section thought to be the consequence of previous landslides. By this study, we show that North Atlantic Ocean shorelines might be exposed to a destructive tsunami generated by a subaerial lateral collapse of at least 120 km 3 during the next strong felsic eruptive activity of the Teide-Pico Viejo complex. This article highlights the degree of urgency of carrying out geophysical investigations on the flanks of most volcanic islands prone to potential flank collapse. These investigations will contribute to the understanding of their structure — a key parameter in the sliding process. Finally, all results should be included in model, providing a global map of tsunami hazard assessment.

Polarimetric measurements in prominences and "tornadoe" observed by THEMIS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schmieder, Brigitte; López Ariste, Arturo; Levens, Peter; Labrosse, Nicolas; Dalmasse, Kévin

2015-10-01

Since 2013, coordinated campaigns with the THEMIS spectropolarimeter in Tenerife and other instruments (space based: Hinode/SOT, IRIS or ground based: Sac Peak, Meudon) are organized to observe prominences. THEMIS records spectropolarimetry at the He I D3 and we use the PCA inversion technique to derive their field strength, inclination and azimuth.

Tag-based Heart Rate Measurements of Harbor Porpoises During Normal and Noise-exposed Dives to Study Stress Responses

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-30

mammals face potentially dramatic changes in the environment, as well as continued disturbances of their ocean habitat from shipping, sonar, fisheries... Cheetahs of the deep sea: deep foraging sprints in short-finned pilot whales off Tenerife (Canary Islands). Journal of Animal Ecology 77:936-947.

Subsidence and current strain patterns on Tenerife Island (Canary Archipelago, Spain) derived from continuous GNSS time series (2008-2015)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sánchez-Alzola, A.; Martí, J.; García-Yeguas, A.; Gil, A. J.

2016-11-01

In this paper we present the current crustal deformation model of Tenerife Island derived from daily CGPS time series processing (2008-2015). Our results include the position time series, a global velocity estimation and the current crustal deformation on the island in terms of strain tensors. We detect a measurable subsidence of 1.5-2 mm/yr. in the proximities of the Cañadas-Teide-Pico Viejo (CTPV) complex. These values are higher in the central part of the complex and could be explained by a lateral spreading of the elastic lithosphere combined with the effect of the drastic descent of the water table in the island experienced during recent decades. The results show that the Anaga massif is stable in both its horizontal and vertical components. The strain tensor analysis shows a 70 nstrain/yr. E-W compression in the central complex, perpendicular to the 2004 sismo-volcanic area, and 50 nstrain/yr. SW-NE extension towards the Northeast ridge. The residual velocity and strain patterns coincide with a decline in volcanic activity since the 2004 unrest.

Advective and diapycnal diffusive oceanic flux in Tenerife - La Gomera Channel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marrero-Díaz, A.; Rodriguez-Santana, A.; Hernández-Arencibia, M.; Machín, F.; García-Weil, L.

2012-04-01

During the year 2008, using the commercial passenger ship Volcán de Tauce of the Naviera Armas company several months, it was possible to obtain vertical profiles of temperature from expandable bathythermograph probes in eight stations across the Tenerife - La Gomera channel. With these data of temperature we have been estimated vertical sections of potential density and geostrophic transport with high spatial and temporal resolution (5 nm between stations, and one- two months between cruises). The seasonal variability obtained for the geostrophic transport in this channel shows important differences with others Canary Islands channels. From potential density and geostrophic velocity data we estimated the vertical diffusion coefficients and diapycnal diffusive fluxes, using a parameterization that depends of Richardson gradient number. In the center of the channel and close to La Gomera Island, we found higher values for these diffusive fluxes. Convergence and divergence of these fluxes requires further study so that we can draw conclusions about its impact on the distribution of nutrients in the study area and its impact in marine ecosystems. This work is being used in research projects TRAMIC and PROMECA.

Isolation and molecular characterization of a Naegleria strain from a recreational water fountain in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.

PubMed

Reyes-Batlle, María; Wagner, Carolina; López-Arencibia, Atteneri; Sifaoui, Ines; Martínez-Carretero, Enrique; Valladares, Basilio; Piñero, Jose E; Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob

2017-06-01

Free-Living Amoebae (FLA) are widely distributed protozoa in the environment and have been isolated from many sources such as dust, soil and water. Among the pathogenic genera included in this group Acanthamoeba spp., Naegleria fowleri and Balamuthia mandrillaris have been reported to be causative agents of lethal encephalitis, disseminated infections and keratitis. Naegleria fowleri is a pathogenic FLA species which causes Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM). At present there are not many available data on the distribution of Naegleria species in Spain from environmental sources. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of this genus in recreational water sources in the island of Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. In this study, ten samples collected from recreational water fountains were checked for the presence of Naegleria spp. using morphological and molecular identification tools. From the analysed samples, only one sample (seawater fountain) was positive for Naegleria spp. interestingly, not many reports of Naegleria spp. in seawater are available in the literature and thus awareness should be raised among the environmental and public health professionals.

[Exposure to persistent and non-persistent pesticides in a non-occupationally exposed population in Tenerife Island (Spain)].

PubMed

Burillo-Putze, Guillermo; Luzardo, Octavio P; García, Carlos Pérez; Zumbado, Manuel; Yanes, Carmen; Trujillo-Martín, María del Mar; Boada Fernández del Campo, Carlos; Boada, Luis D

2014-01-01

Chronic exposure to non-persistent pesticides (NPPs) is of concern because these substances have been associated with chronic diseases. However, few studies have addressed chronic exposure to NPPs in Spanish populations. We determined the presence of 24 pesticide residues by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in 363 serum samples obtained from non-occupationally exposed adults from Tenerife island in 2007. Most of the samples (99.45%) showed detectable residues (6 ± 2 pesticides per sample). The most frequently detected pesticides were pyrethrins (96.1%), organophosphates (93.9%) and organochlorines (92.3%). The neurotoxicants bifenthrin and malathion were detected in 81% of the samples and hexachlorobenzene DDT and buprofezin in more than 50%. Malation, an "environmental obesogen", was detected in 82%, and "endocrine disrupter" pesticides were present in 97.2% of the samples. Because there is clear, continuous and inadvertent exposure to NPPs that may be inducing adverse effects on human health, NPPs should be included in biomonitoring studies. Copyright © 2013 SESPAS. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.

"Azul Platino": another Spanish natural stone to be considered as Global Heritage Stone Resource.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

José Tejado, Juan; Mota, M. Isabel; Pereira, Dolores

2014-05-01

Several granites are quarried in Extremadura, Spain, with very good aesthetic and physic and mechanical characteristics. "Azul Platino" has a striking bluish colour and its properties make this granite a perfect option for most applications as ornamental rocks. This granite has been used for centuries, first in the architectonic heritage of the extraction surrounding area, but afterwards in many important projects in Spain, Europe and all around the world: La Guardia Airport (NYC, USA), Yokohama Bridge (Tokyo, Japan), European Parliament (Brussels, Belgium), Planetarium (Valencia, Spain), Tenerife Auditorium (Tenerife, Spain), Suntec City (Singapore), MTR Kowlonn Station (Hong Kong), O'Connel Street (Dublin, Ireland), .... One important characteristic of this natural stone is the low radon exhalation that all the varieties, including the more weathered ones, show. For being a granite, this is an important characteristic for its use, both in interior and exterior use. But "Azul Platino" accomplishes all requirements to be considered as a nominee for Global Heritage Stone Resource consideration. Together with other local natural stones, it could be part as well of a Global Heritage Stone Province nomination.

A genetic approach to the origin of Millepora sp. in the eastern Atlantic

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

López, C.; Clemente, S.; Almeida, C.; Brito, A.; Hernández, M.

2015-06-01

Many species have experienced recent range expansions due to human-mediated processes, such as the unintentional transport on ships or plastic waste and ocean warming, which facilitates many tropical species to tolerate living beyond their normal limit of distribution, with a potential impact on autochthonous assemblages. In September 2008, three colonies of the fire coral Millepora sp. (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) were found on the southeastern coast of Tenerife (Canary Islands), though this species had been previously described to have a circumtropical distribution with Cape Verde Islands as its northern limit of distribution in the eastern Atlantic. The aim of this study was to determine the origin of these new colonies in the Canary Islands (11°N of its previously known northernmost limit of distribution) using variation in the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene as a molecular marker. In order to do that, Millepora samples from Tenerife and Cape Verde Islands were collected for molecular analyses, and COI sequences from Caribbean samples listed in GenBank were also included in the analysis. Our results showed that all the specimens from Tenerife were genetically identical, suggesting that the colonization of the Canary Islands was the result of a very recent and strong founder effect. The nucleotide sequences of the samples from the Cape Verde and the Canary Islands were closer to the Caribbean than between themselves, pointing to the Caribbean population as the source population for both archipelagos, through independent founder events. The fact that Millepora sp. arrived to Cape Verde long before arriving to the Canaries (pleistocene fossils have been found in that archipelago) suggests that the habitat requirements for this species did not exist before in the Canarian archipelago. Therefore, the rising seawater temperatures recently registered in the Canary Islands could have facilitated the settlement of reef-forming corals drifting across the two basins of the Atlantic.

Outcome evaluation of a community center-based program for mothers at high psychosocial risk.

PubMed

Rodrigo, María José; Máiquez, María Luisa; Correa, Ana Delia; Martín, Juan Carlos; Rodríguez, Guacimara

2006-09-01

This study reported the outcome evaluation of the "Apoyo Personal y Familiar" (APF) program for poorly-educated mothers from multi-problem families, showing inadequate behavior with their children. APF is a community-based multi-site program delivered through weekly group meetings in municipal resource centers. A total of 340 mothers referred by the municipal social services of Tenerife, Spain were assessed; 185 mothers participated in the APF program that lasted 8 months, and 155 mothers were in the control group. Pre-post test comparisons for the intervention group and post-test comparisons with the control group on self-rating measures of maternal beliefs, personal agency and child-rearing practices were performed. Multivariate tests, t tests and effect sizes (ES) were calculated to determine the program effectiveness on the outcome measures. Mothers' support of nurturist and nativist beliefs and the reported use of Neglect-permissive and Coercive practices significantly decreased after program completion whereas the reported use of Inductive practices significantly increased. Increases in self-efficacy, internal control and role difficulty were also significant in relation to those of the control group. The program was especially effective for older mothers, with fewer children, living in a two-parent family, in urban areas and with either low or medium educational levels. The program was very effective in changing the mothers' perceived competences and modestly effective in changing their beliefs about child development and education and reported child-rearing practices. Changes in personal agency are very important for at-risk parents who feel helpless and with no control over their lives.

[Implementation and evaluation of critical hazards and check points analysis (CHCPA) in gofio-producing industries from Tenerife].

PubMed

Caballero Mesa, J M; Alonso Marrero, S; González Weller, D M; Afonso Gutiérrez, V L; Rubio Armendariz, C; Hardisson de la Torre, A

2006-01-01

To satisfactorily implement the critical hazards and check points analysis. Tenerife Island Subjects: 15 industries visits to gofio-manufacturing industries were done with the aim of giving advice to employers and workers, and thereafter, the intervention was assessed verifying the hygiene and sanitary conditions of the industry and the correct application of the established auto-control system. After the advising intervention, we observed that certain parameters taken into account from the hygiene and sanitary perspective have been corrected, such as modifying the facilities to adapt them to in force regulations, or asking the suppliers to certify raw materials. With regards to food production process, the intervention was effective in such a way that more than have of the industries reduced the time of those phases with higher contamination susceptibility and to carry out the control registries that were established. All industries implemented the auto-control system by means of registration charts of each one of the elaboration phases. 86% of the industries have introduced more hygienic materials. 60% implemented a reduction in intermediate times of production phases. 26% perfmored some obsolete machinery replacement modernaizing the facilities.

Population Structure, Genetic Diversity, and Evolutionary History of Kleinia neriifolia (Asteraceae) on the Canary Islands.

PubMed

Sun, Ye; Vargas-Mendoza, Carlos F

2017-01-01

Kleinia neriifolia Haw. is an endemic species on the Canarian archipelago, this species is widespread in the coastal thicket of all the Canarian islands. In the present study, genetic diversity and population structure of K. neriifolia were investigated using chloroplast gene sequences and nuclear SSR (simple sequence repeat). The differentiation among island populations, the historical demography, and the underlying evolutionary scenarios of this species are further tested based on the genetic data. Chloroplast diversity reveals a strong genetic divergence between eastern islands (Gran Canaria, Fuerteventura, and Lanzarote) and western islands (EI Hierro, La Palma, La Gomera, Tenerife), this west-east genetic divergence may reflect a very beginning of speciation. The evolutionary scenario with highest posterior probabilities suggests Gran Canaria as oldest population with a westward colonization path to Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma, and EI Hierro, and eastward dispersal path to Lanzarote through Fuerteventura. In the western islands, there is a slight decrease in the effective population size toward areas of recent colonization. However, in the eastern islands, the effective population size increase in Lanzarote relative to Gran Canaria and Fuerteventura. These results further our understanding of the evolution of widespread endemic plants within Canarian archipelago.

Diversity of acetic acid bacteria present in healthy grapes from the Canary Islands.

PubMed

Valera, Maria José; Laich, Federico; González, Sara S; Torija, Maria Jesús; Mateo, Estibaliz; Mas, Albert

2011-11-15

The identification of acetic acid bacteria (AAB) from sound grapes from the Canary Islands is reported in the present study. No direct recovery of bacteria was possible in the most commonly used medium, so microvinifications were performed on grapes from Tenerife, La Palma and Lanzarote islands. Up to 396 AAB were isolated from those microvinifications and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. With this method, Acetobacter pasteurianus, Acetobacter tropicalis, Gluconobacter japonicus and Gluconacetobacter saccharivorans were identified. However, no discrimination between the closely related species Acetobacter malorum and Acetobacter cerevisiae was possible. As previously described, 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region phylogenetic analysis was required to classify isolates as one of those species. These two species were the most frequently occurring, accounting for more than 60% of the isolates. For typing the AAB isolates, both the Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC)-PCR and (GTG)5-PCR techniques gave similar resolution. A total of 60 profiles were identified. Thirteen of these profiles were found in more than one vineyard, and only one profile was found on two different islands (Tenerife and La Palma). Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Population Structure, Genetic Diversity, and Evolutionary History of Kleinia neriifolia (Asteraceae) on the Canary Islands

PubMed Central

Sun, Ye; Vargas-Mendoza, Carlos F.

2017-01-01

Kleinia neriifolia Haw. is an endemic species on the Canarian archipelago, this species is widespread in the coastal thicket of all the Canarian islands. In the present study, genetic diversity and population structure of K. neriifolia were investigated using chloroplast gene sequences and nuclear SSR (simple sequence repeat). The differentiation among island populations, the historical demography, and the underlying evolutionary scenarios of this species are further tested based on the genetic data. Chloroplast diversity reveals a strong genetic divergence between eastern islands (Gran Canaria, Fuerteventura, and Lanzarote) and western islands (EI Hierro, La Palma, La Gomera, Tenerife), this west–east genetic divergence may reflect a very beginning of speciation. The evolutionary scenario with highest posterior probabilities suggests Gran Canaria as oldest population with a westward colonization path to Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma, and EI Hierro, and eastward dispersal path to Lanzarote through Fuerteventura. In the western islands, there is a slight decrease in the effective population size toward areas of recent colonization. However, in the eastern islands, the effective population size increase in Lanzarote relative to Gran Canaria and Fuerteventura. These results further our understanding of the evolution of widespread endemic plants within Canarian archipelago. PMID:28713419

Scattering images from autocorrelation functions of P-wave seismic velocity images: the case of Tenerife Island (Canary Islands, Spain)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

García-Yeguas, A.; Sánchez-Alzola, A.; De Siena, L.; Prudencio, J.; Díaz-Moreno, A.; Ibáñez, J. M.

2018-03-01

We present a P-wave scattering image of the volcanic structures under Tenerife Island using the autocorrelation functions of P-wave vertical velocity fluctuations. We have applied a cluster analysis to total quality factor attenuation ( {Q}_t^{-1} ) and scattering quality factor attenuation ( {Q}_{PSc}^{-1} ) images to interpret the structures in terms of intrinsic and scattering attenuation variations on a 2D plane, corresponding to a depth of 2000 m, and check the robustness of the scattering imaging. The results show that scattering patterns are similar to total attenuation patterns in the south of the island. There are two main areas where patterns differ: at Cañadas-Teide-Pico Viejo Complex, high total attenuation and average-to-low scattering values are observed. We interpret the difference as induced by intrinsic attenuation. In the Santiago Ridge Zone (SRZ) region, high scattering values correspond to average total attenuation. In our interpretation, the anomaly is induced by an extended scatterer, geometrically related to the surficial traces of Garachico and El Chinyero historical eruptions and the area of highest seismic activity during the 2004-2008 seismic crises.

FIRST HIGH RESOLUTION 3D VELOCITY STRUCTURE OF THE VOLCANIC TENERIFE ISLAND (CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

García-Yeguas, A.; Ibáñez, J.; Koulakov, I.; Sallares, V.

2009-12-01

A 3D detailed velocity model of the Tenerife Island has been obtained for first time using high resolution traveltime seismic tomography. Tenerife is a volcanic island (Canary Island, Spain) located in the Atlantic Ocean. In this island is situated the Teide stratovolcano (3718 m high) that is part of the Cañadas-Teide-Pico Viejo volcanic complex. Las Cañadas is a caldera system more than 20 kilometers wide where at least four distinct caldera processes have been identified.In January 2007, a seismic active experiment was carried out as part of the TOM-TEIDEVS project. 6850 air gun shots were fired on the sea and recorded on a dense local seismic land network consisting of 150 independent (three component) seismic stations. The good quality of the recorded data allowed identifying P-wave arrivals up to offsets of 30-40 km obtaining more than 63000 traveltimes used in the tomographic inversion. Two different codes were used in the tomographic inversion, FAST and ATOM_3D, to validate the final 3D velocity models. The main difference between them consists in the ray tracing methods used in the forward modeling, finite differences and ray bending algorithms, respectively. The velocity models show a very heterogeneous upper crust that is usual in similar volcanic environment. The tomographic images points out the no-existence of a magmatic chamber near to the surface. The ancient Las Cañadas caldera borders are clearly imaged featuring relatively high seismic velocity. Several resolution and accuracy test were carried out to quantify the reliability of the final velocity models. Checkerboard tests show that the well-resolved are located up to 6-8 km depth. We also carried out synthetic test in which we succesfully reproduce single anomalies observed in the velocity models.The uncertainties associated to the inverse problem were studied by means of a Monte Carlo-type analysis. The analysis proceeded inverting N random velocity models with random errors (velocity and traveltimes assuming the equiprobability of all of them). These tests assure the uniqueness of the first 3D velocity model that characterizes the internal structure of the Tenerife Island. As main conclusions of our work we can remark: a) This is the first 3-D velocity image of the area; b) we have observed low velocity anomalies near to surface that could be associated to the presence of magma, water reservoirs and volcanic landslides; c) high velocity anomalies could be related to ancient volcanic episodes or basement structures; d) our results could help to resolve many questions relate to the evolution of the volcanic system, as the presence or not of big landslides, calderic explosions or others; e) this image is a very important tool to improve the knowledge of the volcanic hazard, and therefore volcanic risk.

Short-term effects of ultrafine particles on daily mortality by primary vehicle exhaust versus secondary origin in three Spanish cities.

PubMed

Tobías, Aurelio; Rivas, Ioar; Reche, Cristina; Alastuey, Andrés; Rodríguez, Sergio; Fernández-Camacho, Rocío; Sánchez de la Campa, Ana M; de la Rosa, Jesús; Sunyer, Jordi; Querol, Xavier

2018-02-01

Evidence on the short-term effects of ultrafine particles (with diameter<100nm, UFP) on health is still inconsistent. New particles in ambient urban air are the result of direct emissions and also the formation of secondary UFP from gaseous precursors. We segregated UFP into these two components and investigated their impact on daily mortality in three Spanish cities affected by different sources of air pollution. We separated the UFP using a method based on the high correlation between black carbon (BC) and particle number concentration (N). The first component accounts for aerosol constituents emitted by vehicle exhaust (N1) and the second for the photochemical new particle formation enhancements (N2). We applied city-specific Poisson regression models, adjusting for long-term trends, temperature and population dynamics. Mean BC levels were higher in Barcelona and Tenerife (1.8 and 1.2μg·m -3 , respectively) than in Huelva (0.8μg·m -3 ). While mean UFP concentrations were similar in the three cities, from which N1 was 40% in Barcelona, 46% in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, and 27% in Huelva. We observed an association with N1 and daily mortality in Barcelona, by increasing approximately 1.5% between lags 0 and 2, per an interquartile increase (IQR) of 3277cm -3 , but not with N2. A similar pattern was found in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, although none of the associations were significant. Conversely, in the industrial city of Huelva mortality was associated with N2 at lag 0, by increasing 3.9% per an IQR of 12,032·cm -3 . The pattern and origin of UFP determines their short-term effect on human health. BC is possibly the better parameter to evaluate the health effects of particulate vehicle exhaust emissions, although in areas influenced by domestic solid fuel combustion this should also be taken into account. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Diffuse CO2 degassing studies to reveal hidden geothermal resources in oceanic volcanic islands: The Canarian archipelago case study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodríguez, F.; Perez, N. M.; García-Merino, M.; Padron, E.; Melián, G.; Asensio-Ramos, M.; Hernandez Perez, P. A.; Padilla, G.; Barrancos, J.; Cótchico, M. A.

2016-12-01

The Canary Islands, owing to their recent volcanism, are the only Spanish territory with potential high enthalpy geothermal resources. The final goal of geothermal exploration in a specific area is to locate and define the size, shape, structure of hidden geothermal resources, and determine their characteristics (fluid type, temperature, chemical composition an ability to produce energy). At those areas where there is not any evidence of endogenous fluids manifestations at surface, that traditionally evidence the presence of an active geothermal system) the geochemical methods for geothermal exploration must include soil gas surveys. This is the case of five mining licenses for geothermal exploration in the Canay Islands, four in Tenerife and one in Gran Canaria Island. We report herein the results of diffuse CO2 emission studies in the five mining licenses during 2011-2014. The primary objective of the study was to sort the possible geothermal potential of these five mining licenses, thus reducing the uncertainty inherent to the selection of the areas with highest geothermal potential for future exploration works. The criterion used to sort the different areas was the contribution of volcano-hydrothermal CO2 in the degassing at each study area. Several hundreds of measurements of diffuse CO2 emission, soil CO2 concentration and isotopic composition were performed at each study area. Based in three different endmembers (biogenic, atmospheric and deep-seated CO2) with different CO2 concentrations (100, 0.04 and 100% respectively) and isotopic compositions (-20, -8 and -3 per mil vs. VPDB respectively) a mass balance to distinguish the different contribution of each endmember in the soil CO2 at each sampling site was made. The percentage of the volcano-hydrothermal contribution in the current diffuse CO2 degassing was in the range 2-19%.The Abeque mining license, that comprises part of the north-west volcanic rift of Tenerife, seemed to show the highest geothermal potential, with an average of 19% of CO2 being released from deep sources, followed by Atidama (south east of Gran Canaria) and Garehagua (southern volcanic rift of Tenerife), with 17% and 12% respectively.

Divergence times and colonization of the Canary Islands by Gallotia lizards.

PubMed

Cox, Siobhan C; Carranza, Salvador; Brown, Richard P

2010-08-01

The Canary Islands have become a model region for evolutionary studies. We obtained 1.8 Kbp of mtDNA sequence from all known island forms of the endemic lizard genus Gallotia and from its sister taxon Psammodromus in order to reanalyze phylogenetic relationships within the archipelago, estimate lineage divergence times, and reconstruct the colonization history of this group. Well-supported phylogenies were obtained using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference. Previous studies have been unable to establish the branching pattern at the base of the tree. We found evidence that G. stehlini (Gran Canaria) originated from the most basal Gallotia node and G. atlantica from the subsequent node. Divergence times were estimated under a global clock using Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods implemented by three different programs: BEAST, MCMCTREE, MULTIDIVTIME. Node constraints were derived from subaerial island appearance data and were incorporated into the analyses as soft or hard maximal bounds. Posterior node ages differed slightly between programs, possibly due to different priors on divergence times. The most eastern Canary Islands first emerged just over 20 mya and their colonization appears to have taken place relatively quickly, around 17-20 mya. The subsequent node is consistent with cladogenesis due to colonization of Gran Canaria from the eastern islands about 11-13 mya. The western islands appear to have been colonized by a dispersal event from Lanzarote/Fuerteventura in the east to either La Gomera or one of the ancient edifices that subsequently formed Tenerife in the west, about 9-10 mya. Within the western islands, the most recent node that is ancestral to both the G. intermedia/G. gomerana/G. simonyi and the G.galloti/G. caesaris clades is dated at about 5-6 mya. Subsequent dispersal events between ancient Tenerife islands and La Gomera are dated at around 3 mya in both clades, although the direction of dispersal cannot be determined. Finally, we show that G. galloti is likely to have colonized La Palma more than 0.5 Ma after emergence of the island 1.77 mya, while G. caesaris from the same clade may have colonized El Hierro very soon after it emerged 1.12 mya. There are tentative indications that the large-bodied endangered G. simonyi colonized El Hierro around the same time or even later than the smaller-bodied G. caesaris. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of Bayesian dating of a phylogeny in helping reconstruct the historical pattern of dispersal across an oceanic archipelago. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Acoustic Detection, Behavior, and Habitat Use of Deep-Diving Odontocetes

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-09-30

of El Hierro , and short-finned pilot whales, Globicephela macrorynchus, off the island of Tenerife in the Canary Islands [Aguilar, 2006]). These...in El Hierro (Oct. 2008). Key result was an 18 hour DTAG attachment to a Blainville’s beaked whale with contemporary acoustic recordings from a...drifting buoy. • Three 7-day seasonal surveys in El Hierro . Methods included passive acoustic monitoring, photo- identification and double visual

Increased water use efficiency does not prevent growth decline of Pinus canariensis in a semi-arid treeline ecotone in Tenerife, Canary Islands (Spain).

PubMed

Brito, Patricia; Grams, Thorsten E E; Matysssek, Rainer; Jimenez, Maria S; Gonzalez-Rodríguez, Agueda M; Oberhuber, Walter; Wieser, Gerhard

2016-09-01

Intrinsic water-use efficiency of Pinus canariensis (Sweet ex Spreng.) growing at a semi-arid treeline has increased during the past 37 years. Tree-ring width by contrast has declined, likely caused by reduced stomatal conductance due to increasing aridity. Rising atmospheric CO 2 concentration ( C a ) has been related to tree growth enhancement accompanied by increasing intrinsic water-use-efficiency (iWUE). Nevertheless, the extent of rising C a on long-term changes in iWUE and growth has remained poorly understood to date in Mediterranean treeline ecosystems. This study aimed to examine radial growth and physiological responses of P. canariensis in relation to rising C a and increasing aridity at treeline in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. We evaluated temporal changes in secondary growth (tree-ring width; TRW) and tree ring stable C isotope signature for assessing iWUE from 1975 through 2011. Precipitation was the main factor controlling secondary growth. Over the last 36 years P. canariensis showed a decline in TRW at enhanced iWUE, likely caused by reduced stomatal conductance due to increasing aridity. Our results indicate that increasing aridity has overridden the potential CO 2 fertilization on tree growth of P. canariensis at its upper distribution limit.

Molecular characterization of Acanthamoeba strains isolated from domestic dogs in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.

PubMed

Valladares, María; Reyes-Batlle, María; Martín-Navarro, Carmen M; López-Arencibia, Atteneri; Dorta-Gorrín, Alexis; Wagner, Carolina; Martínez-Carretero, Enrique; Piñero, José E; Valladares, Basilio; Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob

2015-06-01

The present study describes two cases of Acanthamoeba infections (keratitis and ascites/peritonitis) in small breed domestic dogs in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. In both cases, amoebic trophozoites were observed under the inverted microscope and isolated from the infected tissues and/or fluids, without detecting the presence of other viral, fungal or bacterial pathogens. Amoebae were isolated using 2 % non-nutrient agar plates and axenified for further biochemical and molecular analyses. Osmotolerance and thermotolerance assays revealed that both isolates were able to grow up to 37 °C and 1 M of mannitol and were thus considered as potentially pathogenic. Moreover, the strains were classified as highly cytotoxic as they cause more than 75 % of toxicity when incubated with two eukaryotic cell lines. In order to classify the strains at the molecular level, the diagnostic fragment 3 (DF3) region of the 18S rDNA of Acanthamoeba was amplified and sequenced, revealing that both isolates belonged to genotype T4. In both cases, owners of the animals did not allow any further studies or follow-up and therefore the current status of these animals is unknown. Furthermore, the isolation of these pathogenic amoebae should raise awareness with the veterinary community locally and worldwide.

First isolation of Mycobacterium canariasense from municipal water supplies in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.

PubMed

Lecuona, María; Abreu, Rossana; Rodríguez-Álvarez, Cristobalina; Castro, Beatriz; Campos, Silvia; Hernández-Porto, Miriam; Mendoza, Pablo; Arias, Angeles

2016-01-01

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are common bacteria in water and especially water supply distribution systems. Some species can cause infections, especially in immunocompromised patients and other risk groups. This study examined the frequency of occurrence of NTM in 135 household potable water samples collected from household water taps in Tenerife Island. Mycobacteria species were identified by polymerase chain reaction targeting the 16S rRNA and 16S-23S rRNA regions, and by double-reverse hybridization on a dipstick using colloidal gold-bound and membrane-bound probes (Speed-Oligo(®) Mycobacteria). Some species were identified by sequencing the gene that encodes the 16S rRNA region. NTM were present in 47.4% of the samples. Mycobacterium fortuitum was the NTM isolated most frequently (70.3%), followed by Mycobacterium canariasense (6.3%) and Mycobacterium chelonae (6.3%). Other species were isolated at lower percentage frequencies. We isolated and identified the species M. canariasense in water supplies for public consumption. This species has previously been reported only in hospital settings. The elevated presence of NTM in the water supply indicates that it may be a reservoir for infections caused by recently described species of mycobacteria. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Increased water use efficiency does not prevent growth decline of Pinus canariensis in a semi-arid treeline ecotone in Tenerife, Canary Islands (Spain)

PubMed Central

Brito, Patricia; Grams, Thorsten E.E.; Matysssek, Rainer; Jimenez, Maria S.; Gonzalez-Rodríguez, Agueda M.; Oberhuber, Walter; Wieser, Gerhard

2016-01-01

Key message Intrinsic water-use efficiency of Pinus canariensis (Sweet ex Spreng.) growing at a semi-arid treeline has increased during the past 37 years. Tree-ring width by contrast has declined, likely caused by reduced stomatal conductance due to increasing aridity. Context Rising atmospheric CO2 concentration (Ca) has been related to tree growth enhancement accompanied by increasing intrinsic water-use-efficiency (iWUE). Nevertheless, the extent of rising Ca on long-term changes in iWUE and growth has remained poorly understood to date in Mediterranean treeline ecosystems. Aims This study aimed to examine radial growth and physiological responses of P. canariensis in relation to rising Ca and increasing aridity at treeline in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. Methods We evaluated temporal changes in secondary growth (tree-ring width; TRW) and tree ring stable C isotope signature for assessing iWUE from 1975 through 2011. Results Precipitation was the main factor controlling secondary growth. Over the last 36 years P. canariensis showed a decline in TRW at enhanced iWUE, likely caused by reduced stomatal conductance due to increasing aridity. Conclusion Our results indicate that increasing aridity has overridden the potential CO2 fertilization on tree growth of P. canariensis at its upper distribution limit. PMID:27482149

Visual Confirmation of Voice Takeoff Clearance (VICON) Operational Evaluation. Volume I.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-02-01

probable language ferred the Mimic panel over the others problem in a second, a crew member’s and stated that it was easiest to use misirterpretation of a...of references were made to the language difficulties which occurred at Tenerife, but do not occur here. 103 0 Safety is negatively affected because...recommendation, and two included language . One controller mentioned better overall controller training. 0 Improve pilot training. Better training and

Acoustic Detection, Behavior, and Habitat Use of Deep-Diving Odontocetes

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-01-01

Blainville’s beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris, and Cuvier’s beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris, off the island of El Hierro in the Canary Islands...vocalizations to compare with the buoy recordings. We will also continue a seasonal photo-identification study of the El Hierro beaked whales to build... Hierro ), and April 2008 (pilot whales in Tenerife). Due to the late arrival of funds, we opted for a short field season with beaked whales in

Mapping species distribution of Canarian Monteverde forest by field spectroradiometry and satellite imagery

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martín-Luis, Antonio; Arbelo, Manuel; Hernández-Leal, Pedro; Arbelo-Bayó, Manuel

2016-10-01

Reliable and updated maps of vegetation in protected natural areas are essential for a proper management and conservation. Remote sensing is a valid tool for this purpose. In this study, a methodology based on a WorldView-2 (WV-2) satellite image and in situ spectral signatures measurements was applied to map the Canarian Monteverde ecosystem located in the north of the Tenerife Island (Canary Islands, Spain). Due to the high spectral similarity of vegetation species in the study zone, a Multiple Endmember Spectral Mixture Analysis (MESMA) was performed. MESMA determines the fractional cover of different components within one pixel and it allows for a pixel-by-pixel variation of endmembers. Two libraries of endmembers were collected for the most abundant species in the test area. The first library was collected from in situ spectral signatures measured with an ASD spectroradiometer during a field campaign in June 2015. The second library was obtained from pure pixels identified in the satellite image for the same species. The accuracy of the mapping process was assessed from a set of independent validation plots. The overall accuracy for the ASD-based method was 60.51 % compared to the 86.67 % reached for the WV-2 based mapping. The results suggest the possibility of using WV-2 images for monitoring and regularly updating the maps of the Monteverde forest on the island of Tenerife.

G-Proteins and Signal Transduction Annual Symposium (43rd), Held in Woods Hole, Massachusetts on September 6-9, 1989

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-12-31

Belgium. family of neurotransmitter receptors in Aplysia Neurons. V. 13 A G-protein, Gj 3, regulates a chloride channel in renal Brezina, S.S. Vogel...Cantiello, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, C.R. Patenaude and D.A. Ausiello, Renal Unit, NY. Massachusetts General Hospital and...College of Medicine, Houston, TX. Dunham, Departments de Fisiologia , Universidad de la Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain, Department of 45. In vitro

Trace elements and metals in farmed sea bass and gilthead bream from Tenerife Island, Spain.

PubMed

Rubio, C; Jalilli, A; Gutiérrez, A J; González-Weller, D; Hernández, F; Melón, E; Burgos, A; Revert, C; Hardisson, A

2011-11-01

The aim of this study was to determine the levels of metals (Ca, K, Na, Mg) and trace metals (Ni, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cd) in two fish species (gilthead bream [Sparus aurata] and sea bass [Dicentrarchus labrax]) collected from fish farms located along the coast of Tenerife Island. Ca, K, Na, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, whereas Pb, Cd, and Ni were determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Mean Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn contents were 3.09, 0.59, 0.18, and 8.11 mg/kg (wet weight) in S. aurata and 3.20, 0.76, 0.24, and 10.11 mg/kg (wet weight) in D. labrax, respectively. In D. labrax, Ca, K, Na, and Mg levels were 1,955, 2,787, 699.7, and 279.2 mg/kg (wet weight), respectively; in S. aurata, they were 934.7, 3,515, 532.8, and 262.8 mg/kg (wet weight), respectively. The Pb level in S. aurata was 7.28 ± 3.64 μg/kg (wet weight) and, in D. labrax, 4.42 ± 1.56 μg/kg (wet weight). Mean Cd concentrations were 3.33 ± 3.93 and 1.36 ± 1.53 μg/kg (wet weight) for D. labrax and S. aurata, respectively. All Pb and Cd levels measured were well below the accepted European Commission limits, 300 and 50 μg/kg for lead and cadmium, respectively.

Canary Islands

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-01-03

NASA image acquired December 21, 2011 The rugged landscape of the Canary Islands stood out in sharp contrast to the smooth blue waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the flat tan land of northwestern Africa on December 21, 2011, when the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard the Terra satellite captured this true-color image. The Canary Islands are a group of seven large islands and several smaller islets, all volcanic in origin. The eastern edge of the chain lies only 100 kilometers from the coasts of Morocco and Western Sahara, and the chain stretches for about 500 kilometers across the Atlantic. All the islands are mountainous, and Tenerife, the central island in this image is home to Pico de Teinde, the highest peak, which rises 12,198 feet (3,718 meters) above sea level. From east to west, the islands are named Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palmera and El Hierro. A bright swirl of peacock blue marks the ocean south of El Hierro, a stain on the sea from an ongoing eruption of a volcano under the waters. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Jeff Schmaltz/MODIS Land Rapid Response Team NASA image use policy. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission. Follow us on Twitter Like us on Facebook Find us on Instagram

New insight on the increasing seismicity during Tenerife's 2004 volcanic reactivation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cerdeña, I. Domínguez; del Fresno, C.; Rivera, L.

2011-09-01

Starting in April 2004, unusual seismic activity was observed in the interior of the island of Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain) with much evidence pointing to a reawakening of volcanic activity. This seismicity is now analyzed with techniques unprecedented in previous studies of this crisis. The 200 earthquakes located onshore during 2004 and 2005 have been classified by cross-correlation, resulting in a small number of significant families. The application of a relative location algorithm (hypoDD) revealed important features about the spatial distribution of the earthquakes. The seismic catalog has been enhanced with more than 800 additional events, detected only by the closest seismic station. These events were assigned to families by correlation and as a consequence their hypocentral location and magnitude were estimated by comparing them to the earthquakes of each family. The new catalog obtained by these methods identifies two major seismogenic zones, one to the northwest and the other to the southwest of the Teide-Pico Viejo complex and having a separation of at least 10 km between them. These regions alternate their activity starting in January 2004, i.e., three months earlier than previously thought. We propose a simple model based on the results of this work which will also concur with all previous geophysical and geochemical studies of the 2004 crisis. The model proposes a single magma intrusion affecting the central part of the island with lateral dikes driven by the rifts to the northwest and southwest.

Causes of complexity in a fallout dominated plinian eruption sequence: 312 ka Fasnia Member, Diego Hernández Formation, Tenerife, Spain

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Edgar, C. J.; Cas, R. A. F.; Olin, P. H.; Wolff, J. A.; Martí, J.; Simmons, J. M.

2017-10-01

The 312 ka Fasnia eruption from the Las Cañadas Caldera on Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain, produced a complex sequence of twenty-two intercalated units, including 7 pumice fall, 7 ignimbrite and 8 ash surge and fall deposits that define two distinct eruption sequences (Lower and Upper Fasnia sequences). The fallout units themselves are internally complex, reflecting waxing and waning of the eruption column, while many of the ignimbrites reflect multiple intra-plinian partial column collapse events associated with the injection of lithic clasts into the eruption column. The Lower and Upper Fasnia eruption phases were each terminated by caldera collapse and complete column collapse events. Probable blockage of the conduit and vent system during Lower Fasnia caldera collapse event briefly terminated the eruption, resulting in a short-lived period of erosion and sedimentation prior to the onset of the Upper Fasnia phase. The transition to the Upper Fasnia eruption phase coincided with the eruption of more geochemically homogeneous pyroclasts. In total, 62 km3 of tephra were erupted, including 49 km3 of juvenile clasts and > 12 km3 of lithic clasts. The DRE volume of magma erupted was 13 km3 (Lower Fasnia > 5 km3, Upper Fasnia > 8 km3), two thirds of which ( 9-10 km3) was deposited purely by fallout. The Fasnia Member is one of the most complex plinian sequences known.

Altitude Differentiated Aerosol Extinction Over Tenerife (North Atlantic Coast) During ACE-2 by Means of Ground and Airborne Photometry and Lidar Measurements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Formenti, P.; Elias, T.; Welton, J.; Diaz, J. P.; Exposito, F.; Schmid, B.; Powell, D.; Holben, B. N.; Smirnov, A.; Andreae, M. O.;

Crystal Zoning Constrains on the Processes and Time Scales Involved in Monogenetic Mafic Volcanism (Tenerife, Canary Islands)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Albert, H.; Costa Rodriguez, F.; Marti, J.

2014-12-01

Most of the historical eruptive activity in Tenerife has been relatively mafic and mildly-explosive monogenetic eruptions, and thus it seems that this activity is the most likely in the near future. Here we investigate the processes and time scales that lead to such eruptions with the aim to better interpret and plan for any possible unrest in the island. We focus on three historical eruptions: Siete Fuentes (December 31 1704-January 1705), Fasnia (January 5-January 13 1705) and Arafo (February 2-February 26 1705) issued from a 10 km long basaltic fissure eruption oriented N45E and covering an area of 10.4 km2. The erupted volume increases by 5-fold from the first to the last eruption. All magmas are tephritic, although the bulk-rock becomes more mafic with time due to accumulation of olivine with Cr-spinel inclusions, and clinopyroxene rather than to the appearance of a truly more primitive melt. Olivine core compositions of the three eruptions range between Fo79 and Fo87. Frequency histograms show three main populations: at Fo79-80, Fo80-82 and Fo84-87 displaying normal and reverse zoning. Thermodynamic calculations show that only cores with Fo80-82 are in equilibrium with the whole rock. Clinopyroxene phenocrysts can have large pools of matrix glass and show rims of different composition. Only the rims, with Mg#84-86, are in equilibrium with the whole-rock. Considering olivine cores and clinopyroxene rims in equilibrium we obtained a temperature range of 1150-1165°C, and MELTS calculations suggest pressures of 1 to 5 kbar. The variety of olivine core populations reflects mixing and mingling between three different magmas, and their proportions have changed with time from Siete Fuentes to Arafo. Most crystals have complex zoning profiles that record two events: (1) one of magma mixing/mingling at depth, (2) another of magma transport and ascent to the surface. Magma mixing at depth ranges from about 3 months to two years and is similar for the three eruptions. Magma transport times vary between about one week and one month, with somewhat longer times in the last eruption. The longer magma mixing times might be related to precursory seismicity of a few months as it occurred in the recent eruption of El Hierro in 2011. The shorter transport times of a week to a month might be more relevant for emergency plans in Tenerife Island.

Study of Benefits of Passenger Protective Breathing Equipment from Analysis of Past Accidents

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-03-01

Rodeos (Tenerife) El 27 De Marzo De 1977 2. ICAO Aircraft Accident Digest No. 23, No. 2 B-30 AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT SUMMARY Carrier - Continental Airways...than FPL. However, a I’)-second donning de -lay of PBE may have resulted in a net disbenefit. k~f ¶ ~ 17. Key Words 18. Distributiion Stotement...in C-133 Test Article 23 with Postcrash Fire Conditions 5 Accident Profiles for 3/5/67 Varig DC-8 24 6 Accident Profiles for 4/8/68 British Overseas

THE ROTATION PERIOD OF C/2014 Q2 (LOVEJOY)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Serra-Ricart, Miquel; Licandro, Javier, E-mail: mserra@iac.es, E-mail: jlicandr@iac.es

2015-11-20

C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy) was observed around perihelion (2015 January 30) on 15 nights between 2015 January 21 and February 11 using the TADer 0.3-m astrograph telescope at Teide Observatory (IAC, Tenerife, Spain). Two large spiral jet structures were observed over several cometary rotations. A new method of searching for periodicities in the PA of spiral jets in the coma region at a fixed distance (20,624 km) from the cometary optocenter is presented and used to determine a nuclear rotation period of 17.89 ± 0.17 hr.

The QUIJOTE experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

López-Caniego, Marcos

2015-08-01

The QUIJOTE (Q-U-I JOint Tenerife) CMB Experiment is observing the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background and other Galactic and extragalactic signals at medium and large angular scales in the frequency range of 10-40 GHz. This experiment will provide valuable information about the polarization properties of synchrotron and anomalous microwave emission at these frequencies. The maps obtained with the multi-frequency instrument (10-20 GHz), in combination with data from other experiments like Planck and the VLA, will be used to clean the diffuse and compact foreground emission at 30 and 40 GHz, the cosmological channels. After three years of effective observations we expect to reach the required sensitivity to detect a primordial gravitational-wave component if the tensor-to-scalar ratio is larger than r = 0.05. At the moment we have completed the Wide Survey with the multi-frequency instrument, covering 20.000 square degrees of the Northern hemisphere. In addition, we have deep integrations of our main calibrators Taurus A, Cassiopea A, Jupiter and of the Perseus molecular complex region, where we have measured the spectrum of the anomalous microwave emission. We also have observed several regions of interest for our science program where we plan to study the compact and diffuse polarized emission.

Seroprevalence of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in wild rodents from the Canary Islands.

PubMed

Martin-Alonso, Aarón; Foronda, Pilar; Quispe-Ricalde, María Antonieta; Feliu, Carlos; Valladares, Basilio

2011-01-01

Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a lungworm of rats (Muridae) that is the causative agent of human cerebral angiostrongyliasis. The life cycle of A. cantonensis involves rats and mollusks as the definitive and intermediate hosts, respectively. This study was designed to increase the knowledge about the occurrence and distribution of A. cantonensis in its definitive host in the Canary Islands, using parasitological and serological analysis in different areas and age groups. Between 2009 and 2010, 54 black rats (Rattus rattus) from Tenerife were captured from six human-inhabited areas and sera samples were obtained. The lung nematodes were identified by morphological and molecular tools as A. cantonensis. The 31-kDa glycoprotein antigen was purified from A. cantonensis adult worms by electrophoresis and electroelution. Of the 54 tested rodents, 30 showed IgG antibodies against A. cantonensis 31-kDa antigen by ELISA. Therefore, the overall seroprevalence was 55.6% (95% CI: 42.4-68). Seroprevalent rodents were found in all the 6 areas. This 31-kDa antigen was not recognized by some sera of rats infected by other helminth species (but not A. cantonensis). Seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against A. cantonensis and prevalence based on the presence of adult worms showed significant correlation (R(2) = 0.954, p<0.05). The present results could indicate a high prevalence of A. cantonensis in Tenerife and suggest the inclusion of two new zones in the distribution area of the parasite. The commonness and wide distribution of A. cantonensis in rats implies the presence of intermediate hosts, indicating that humans may be at risk of getting infected.

Molecular evidence for adaptive radiation of Micromeria Benth. (Lamiaceae) on the Canary Islands as inferred from chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences and ISSR fingerprint data.

PubMed

Meimberg, Harald; Abele, Tilmann; Bräuchler, Christian; McKay, John K; Pérez de Paz, Pedro L; Heubl, Günther

2006-12-01

The Canary Islands have been a focus for phylogeographic studies on the colonization and diversification of endemic angiosperm taxa. Based on phylogeographic patterns, both inter island colonization and adaptive radiation seem to be the driving forces for speciation in most taxa. Here, we investigated the diversification of Micromeria on the Canary Islands and Madeira at the inter- and infraspecific level using inter simple sequence repeat PCR (ISSR), the trnK-Intron and the trnT-trnL-spacer of the cpDNA and a low copy nuclear gene. The genus Micromeria (Lamiaceae, Mentheae) includes 16 species and 13 subspecies in Macaronesia. Most taxa are restricted endemics, or grow in similar ecological conditions on two islands. An exception is M. varia, a widespread species inhabits the lowland scrub on each island of the archipelago and could represent an ancestral taxon from which radiation started on the different islands. Our analyses support a split between the "eastern" islands Fuerteventura, Lanzarote and Gran Canaria and the "western" islands Tenerife, La Palma and El Hierro. The colonization of Madeira started from the western Islands, probably from Tenerife as indicated by the sequence data. We identified two lineages of Micromeria on Gomera but all other islands appear to be colonized by a single lineage, supporting adaptive radiation as the major evolutionary force for the diversification of Micromeria. We also discuss the possible role of gene flow between lineages of different Micromeria species on one island after multiple colonizations.

Phylogeography and seed dispersal in islands: the case of Rumex bucephalophorus subsp. canariensis (Polygonaceae).

PubMed

Talavera, María; Navarro-Sampedro, Laura; Ortiz, Pedro L; Arista, Montserrat

2013-02-01

Rumex bucephalophorus subsp. canariensis is an endemic taxon to Macaronesia with diaspore polymorphism. The origin and colonizing route of this taxon in Macaronesia was studied using molecular data and information on diaspore types. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was used in 260 plants from 22 populations of R. bucephalophorus subsp. canariensis, four from the Madeiran archipelago and 18 from the Canary archipelago. Diaspore production was analysed in 9-50 plants from each population used for AFLP analysis. One hundred and one plants from the Madeiran archipelago and 375 plants from the Canary Islands were studied. For each plant the type of diaspore produced was recorded. Overall populations had low genetic diversity but they showed a geographical pattern of genetic diversity that was higher in the older eastern islands than in the younger western ones. Two types of dispersible diaspores were found: in the eastern Canary islands (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura and Gran Canaria), plants produced exclusively long-dispersible diaspores, whereas in the western Canary islands (Tenerife, La Gomera, El Hierro) and the Madeiran archipelago plants produced exclusively short-dispersible diaspores. Genetically, the studied populations fell into four main island groups: Lanzarote-Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife-El Hierro and La Gomera-Madeira archipelago. A Moroccan origin of R. bucephalophorus subsp. canariensis is hypothesized with a colonization route from the eastern to the western islands. In addition, at least one gene flow event from La Gomera to the Madeiran archipelago has taken place. During the colonization process the type of dispersible diaspore changed so that dispersability decreased in populations of the westernmost islands.

The imprint of geologic history on within-island diversification of woodlouse-hunter spiders (Araneae, Dysderidae) in the Canary Islands.

PubMed

Macías-Hernández, Nuria; Bidegaray-Batista, Leticia; Emerson, Brent C; Oromí, Pedro; Arnedo, Miquel

2013-01-01

Geological processes and ecological adaptation are major drivers of diversification on oceanic islands. Although diversification in these islands is often interpreted as resulting from dispersal or island hopping rather than vicariance, this may not be the case in islands with complex geological histories. The island of Tenerife, in the Canary Islands, emerged in the late Miocene as 3 precursor islands that were subsequently connected and reisolated by volcanic cycles. The spider Dysdera verneaui is endemic to the island of Tenerife, where it is widely distributed throughout most island habitats, providing an excellent model to investigate the role of physical barriers and ecological adaptation in shaping within-island diversity. Here, we present evidence that the phylogeographic patterns of this species trace back to the independent emergence of the protoislands. Molecular markers (mitochondrial genes cox1, 16S, and nad1 and the nuclear genes ITS-2 and 28S) analyzed from 100 specimens (including a thorough sampling of D. verneaui populations and additional outgroups) identify 2 distinct evolutionary lineages that correspond to 2 precursor islands, each with diagnostic genital characters indicative of separate species status. Episodic introgression events between these 2 main evolutionary lineages explain the observed incongruence between mitochondrial and nuclear markers, probably as a result of the homogenization of their ITS-2 sequence types. The most widespread lineage exhibits a complex population structure, which is compatible with either secondary contact, following connection of deeply divergent lineages, or alternatively, a back colonization from 1 precursor island to another.

Multitemporal WorldView satellites imagery for mapping chestnut trees

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marchetti, F.; Arbelo, M.; Moreno-Ruíz, J. A.; Hernández-Leal, P. A.; Alonso-Benito, A.

2017-10-01

Chestnuts have been part of the landscape and popular culture of the Canary Islands (Spain) since the sixteenth century. Many crops of this species are in state of abandonment and an updated mapping for its study and evaluation is needed. This work proposes the elaboration of this cartography using two satellite images of very high spatial resolution captured on two different dates and representing well-differentiated phenological states of the chestnut: a WorldView-2 image of March 10th, 2015 and a WorldView-3 image of May 12th, 2015 (without and with leaves respectively). Two study areas were selected within the municipality of La Orotava (Tenerife Island). One of the areas contains chestnut trees dispersed in an agricultural and semi-urban environment and in the other one, the specimens are grouped forming a forest merged with Canarian pines and other species of Monteverde. The Maximum Likelihood (ML), the Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) classification algorithms were applied to the multi-temporal image resulting from the combination of both dates. The results show the benefits of using the multi-temporal image for Pinolere with the ANN algorithm and for Chasna area with ML algorithm, in both cases providing an overall accuracy close to 95%.

Decision Analysis Model for Passenger-Aircraft Fire Safety with Application to Fire-Blocking of Seats

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-04-01

50] Collision Aeronaves - Boeing 747 PH-BUF de KLI y Boeing N737PA de Pan Amt en los rodeos (Tenerife) el 27 Marzo de 1977, Joint Accident Report...SAMPLE APPLICATION: FIRE-BLOCKING OF SEATS .......................... 24 4.1 Expected Losses and Savings with Seat Blocking ................... 26 4.2...analyzed to examine the sensitivity of the results on the existing materials. 24 MI ɚ C0 .04 4 0 Cc00 C 0 CU 4’.4 .. c o 90 𔃾.~w - -J 440 c 0 0 cq I04 C.0

Assessment of Prenatal Exposure to Arsenic in Tenerife Island

PubMed Central

Vall, Oriol; Gómez-Culebras, Mario; Garcia-Algar, Oscar; Joya, Xavier; Velez, Dinoraz; Rodríguez-Carrasco, Eva; Puig, Carme

2012-01-01

Introduction Increasing awareness of the potential chronic health effects of arsenic (As) at low exposure levels has motivated efforts to better understand impaired child development during pregnancy by biomarkers of exposure. The aims of this study were to evaluate the prenatal exposure to As by analysis of an alternative matrix (meconium), to examine its effects on neonatal outcomes and investigate the association with maternal lifestyle and dietary habits during pregnancy. Methods A transversal descriptive study was conducted in Tenerife (Spain). A total of 96 mother-child pairs participated in the study. A questionnaire on sociodemographic, lifestyle and dietary habits during pregnancy was administered the day after the delivery. Analysis of total As in meconium was performed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer. Results Total As was detected in 37 (38.5%) meconium samples. The univariate logistic regression model indicates that prenatal exposure to As was associated with a low intake of eggs per week (OR 0.56; CI (95%): 0.34–0.94) during pregnancy. Conversely, frequent intake of vegetables was associated with prenatal As exposure (OR: 1.19; CI (95%): 1.01–1.41) and frequent intake of processed meat (as bacon, Frankfurt’s sausage, and hamburger) shows a trend to As prenatal exposure (OR: 8.54; CI (95%): 0.80–90.89). The adjusted multivariate logistic regression model indicates that only frequent intake of vegetables maintains the association (OR: 1.31; CI (95%): 1.02–1.68). Conclusion The studied population presented a low As exposure and was not associated with neonatal effects. Maternal consumption of vegetables during pregnancy was associated with detectable meconium As levels; however the concentration detected in meconium was too low to be considered a major public health concern in this geographical area. PMID:23209747

Magma mixing in the 1100 AD Montaña Reventada composite lava flow, Tenerife, Canary Islands: interaction between rift zone and central volcano plumbing systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wiesmaier, S.; Deegan, F. M.; Troll, V. R.; Carracedo, J. C.; Chadwick, J. P.; Chew, D. M.

2011-09-01

Zoned eruption deposits commonly show a lower felsic and an upper mafic member, thought to reflect eruption from large, stratified magma chambers. In contrast, the Montaña Reventada composite flow (Tenerife) consists of a lower basanite and a much thicker upper phonolite. A sharp interface separates basanite and phonolite, and chilled margins at this contact indicate the basanite was still hot upon emplacement of the phonolite, i.e. the two magmas erupted in quick succession. Four types of mafic to intermediate inclusions are found in the phonolite. Inclusion textures comprise foamy quenched ones, others with chilled margins and yet others that are physically mingled, reflecting progressive mixing with a decreasing temperature contrast between the end-members. Analysis of basanite, phonolite and inclusions for majors, traces and Sr, Nd and Pb isotopes show the inclusions to be derived from binary mixing of basanite and phonolite end-members in ratios of 2:1 to 4:1. Although, basanite and phonolite magmas were in direct contact, contrasting 206Pb/204Pb ratios show that they are genetically distinct (19.7193(21)-19.7418(31) vs. 19.7671(18)-19.7807(23), respectively). We argue that the Montaña Reventada basanite and phonolite first met just prior to eruption and had limited interaction time only. Montaña Reventada erupted from the transition zone between two plumbing systems, the phonolitic Teide-Pico Viejo complex and the basanitic Northwest rift zone. A rift zone basanite dyke most likely intersected the previously emplaced phonolite magma chamber. This led to eruption of geochemically and texturally unaffected basanite, with the inclusion-rich phonolite subsequently following into the established conduit.

Complex population genetic structure in the endemic Canary Island pine revealed using chloroplast microsatellite markers.

PubMed

Gómez, A; González-Martínez, S C; Collada, C; Climent, J; Gil, L

2003-10-01

The Canary archipelago, located on the northwestern Atlantic coast of Africa, is comprised of seven islands aligned from east to west, plus seven minor islets. All the islands were formed by volcanic eruptions and their geological history is well documented providing a historical framework to study colonization events. The Canary Island pine ( Pinus canariensis C. Sm.), nowadays restricted to the westernmost Canary Islands (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma and El Hierro), is considered an old (Lower Cretaceous) relic from an ancient Mediterranean evolutionary centre. Twenty seven chloroplast haplotypes were found in Canary Island pine but only one of them was common to all populations. The distribution of haplotypic variation in P. canariensis suggested the colonization of western Canary Islands from a single continental source located close to the Mediterranean Basin. Present-day populations of Canary Island pine retain levels of genetic diversity equivalent to those found in Mediterranean continental pine species, Pinus pinaster and Pinus halepensis. A hierarchical analysis of variance (AMOVA) showed high differentiation among populations within islands (approximately 19%) but no differentiation among islands. Simple differentiation models such as isolation by distance or stepping-stone colonization from older to younger islands were rejected based on product-moment correlations between pairwise genetic distances and both geographic distances and population-age divergences. However, the distribution of cpSSR diversity within the islands of Tenerife and Gran Canaria pointed towards the importance of the role played by regional Pliocene and Quaternary volcanic activity and long-distance gene flow in shaping the population genetic structure of the Canary Island pine. Therefore, conservation strategies at the population level are strongly recommended for this species.

A Fabry-Perot Spectrometer for High-Resolution Observation of the Sun

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kneer, F.; Hirzberger, J.

Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPIs) are powerful instruments for spectro-polarimetry of the Sun with high spatial resolution. They allow easy image reconstruction of two-dimensional narrow-band fields of view. Some examples of high quality results obtained with the ``Göttingen'' FPI spectrometer, mounted in the Vacuum Tower Telescope at the Observatorio del Teide/Tenerife, are presented in a poster to this workshop. We thus concentrate on the design of a new instrument for the 1.5 m GREGOR solar telescope. We discuss the pros and cons of telecentric and collimated mounting and describe the expected performance, especially the spectral resolution, of our design.

A Fabry-Perot spectrometer for high-resolution observation of the Sun

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kneer, F.; Hirzberger, H.

2001-12-01

Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPIs) are powerful instruments for spectro-polarimetry of the Sun with high spatial resolution. They allow easy image reconstruction of two-dimensional fields of view. Some examples of high quality results obtained with the ``Göttingen'' FPI spectrometer, mounted in the Vacuum Tower Telescope at the Observatorio del Teide/Tenerife, are presented in a poster to this workshop. We thus concentrate on the design of a new instrument for the 1.5 m GREGOR solar telescope. We discuss the pros and cons of telecentric and collimated mounting and describe the expected performance, especially the spectral resolution, of our design.

Variable Star Observing with the Bradford Robotic Telescope

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kinne, R. C. S.

2012-06-01

(Abstract only) The Bradford Robotic Telescope (BRT) is a collection of telescopes and other instruments located on Mount Teide, Tenerife, Canary Islands; this resource is available to all for use at no cost (http://www.telescope.org/info/BRT_information). With the recent addition of Johnson BVRI filters on the BRT's 24 square arc minute camera, this telescope has become a resource to be considered when monitoring certain stars such as LPVs. This presentation will examine the mechanics of observing with the BRT and show examples of work that has been done by the author and how those data have been reduced using VPhot.

Seroprevalence of Trypanosoma evansi in dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) from the Canary Islands (Spain) using an antibody Ab-ELISA.

PubMed

Molina, J M; Ruiz, A; Juste, M C; Corbera, J A; Amador, R; Gutiérrez, C

1999-10-19

After the description in Grand Canary Island of a case of dromedary trypanosomosis caused by Trypanosoma evansi in 1998, an indirect enzyme immunoassay for the detection of specific anti-T. evansi IgG (Ab-ELISA) was used to assess the seroprevalence of this disease on the Canary Islands. Seroprevalence was 9.0% in the four studied islands (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, Lanzarote and Fuerteventura), varying from 10.0 to 7.5% by island (not significantly different). Prevalence using Ab-ELISA was higher than that observed when a parasitological method (microscopic observation of blood smears) was used (1.3%).

Tenerife revisited: the critical role of dentistry.

PubMed

Brannon, R B; Morlang, W M

2001-05-01

The authors record the contribution of dentistry to the identification of victims of one of the most significant disasters in the history of aviation-the March 1977 collision of two Boeing 747 jumbo jets in the Canary Islands, which resulted in 583 fatalities. Dental identification was the primary method of victim identification because a high percentage of the bodies were severely burned. Virtually all aspects of the U.S. identification efforts have been reported with the exception of the valuable role of dentistry. The dental team's organization, methodology, and significant contributions to forensic dentistry and a variety of remarkable problems that the team encountered are documented.

Multi-stage volcanic island flank collapses with coeval explosive caldera-forming eruptions.

PubMed

Hunt, James E; Cassidy, Michael; Talling, Peter J

2018-01-18

Volcanic flank collapses and explosive eruptions are among the largest and most destructive processes on Earth. Events at Mount St. Helens in May 1980 demonstrated how a relatively small (<5 km 3 ) flank collapse on a terrestrial volcano could immediately precede a devastating eruption. The lateral collapse of volcanic island flanks, such as in the Canary Islands, can be far larger (>300 km 3 ), but can also occur in complex multiple stages. Here, we show that multistage retrogressive landslides on Tenerife triggered explosive caldera-forming eruptions, including the Diego Hernandez, Guajara and Ucanca caldera eruptions. Geochemical analyses were performed on volcanic glasses recovered from marine sedimentary deposits, called turbidites, associated with each individual stage of each multistage landslide. These analyses indicate only the lattermost stages of subaerial flank failure contain materials originating from respective coeval explosive eruption, suggesting that initial more voluminous submarine stages of multi-stage flank collapse induce these aforementioned explosive eruption. Furthermore, there are extended time lags identified between the individual stages of multi-stage collapse, and thus an extended time lag between the initial submarine stages of failure and the onset of subsequent explosive eruption. This time lag succeeding landslide-generated static decompression has implications for the response of magmatic systems to un-roofing and poses a significant implication for ocean island volcanism and civil emergency planning.

Transiting exoplanets from the CoRoT space mission. XVII. The hot Jupiter CoRoT-17b: a very old planet

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Csizmadia, Sz.; Moutou, C.; Deleuil, M.; Cabrera, J.; Fridlund, M.; Gandolfi, D.; Aigrain, S.; Alonso, R.; Almenara, J.-M.; Auvergne, M.; Baglin, A.; Barge, P.; Bonomo, A. S.; Bordé, P.; Bouchy, F.; Bruntt, H.; Carone, L.; Carpano, S.; Cavarroc, C.; Cochran, W.; Deeg, H. J.; Díaz, R. F.; Dvorak, R.; Endl, M.; Erikson, A.; Ferraz-Mello, S.; Fruth, Th.; Gazzano, J.-C.; Gillon, M.; Guenther, E. W.; Guillot, T.; Hatzes, A.; Havel, M.; Hébrard, G.; Jehin, E.; Jorda, L.; Léger, A.; Llebaria, A.; Lammer, H.; Lovis, C.; MacQueen, P. J.; Mazeh, T.; Ollivier, M.; Pätzold, M.; Queloz, D.; Rauer, H.; Rouan, D.; Santerne, A.; Schneider, J.; Tingley, B.; Titz-Weider, R.; Wuchterl, G.

2011-07-01

We report on the discovery of a hot Jupiter-type exoplanet, CoRoT-17b, detected by the CoRoT satellite. It has a mass of 2.43 ± 0.30 MJup and a radius of 1.02 ± 0.07 RJup, while its mean density is 2.82 ± 0.38 g/cm3. CoRoT-17b is in a circular orbit with a period of 3.7681 ± 0.0003 days. The host star is an old (10.7 ± 1.0 Gyr) main-sequence star, which makes it an intriguing object for planetary evolution studies. The planet's internal composition is not well constrained and can range from pure H/He to one that can contain ~380 earth masses of heavier elements. The CoRoT space mission, launched on December 27th 2006, has been developed and is operated by CNES, with the contribution of Austria, Belgium, Brazil, ESA (RSSD and Science Programme), Germany and Spain. Part of the observations were obtained at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) which is operated by the National Research Council of Canada, the Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique of France, and the University of Hawaii. Based on observations made with HARPS spectrograph on the 3.6-m European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere telescope at La Silla Observatory, Chile (ESO program 184.C-0639). Based on observations made with the IAC80 telescope operated on the island of Tenerife by the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias in the Spanish Observatorio del Teide. Part of the data presented herein were obtained at the W.M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.M. Keck Foundation.

Can Jupiters be found by monitoring Galactic bulge microlensing events from northern sites?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsapras, Yiannis; Street, Rachel A.; Horne, Keith; Penny, Alan; Clarke, Fraser; Deeg, Hans; Garzon, Francisco; Kemp, Simon; Zapatero Osorio, Maria Rosa; Oscoz, Alejandro Abad; Sanchez, Santiago Madruga; Eiroa, Carlos; Mora, Alcione; Alberdi, Antxon; Collier Cameron, Andrew; Davies, John K.; Ferlet, Roger; Grady, Carol; Harris, Allan W.; Palacios, Javier; Quirrenbach, Andreas; Rauer, Heike; Schneider, Jean; de Winter, Dolf; Merin, Bruno; Solano, Enrique

2001-08-01

In 1998 the EXPORT team monitored microlensing event light curves using a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera on the IACQ4 0.8-m telescope on Tenerife to evaluate the prospect of using northern telescopes to find microlens anomalies that reveal planets orbiting the lens stars. The high airmass and more limited time available for observations of Galactic bulge sources make a northern site less favourable for microlensing planet searches. However, there are potentially a large number of northern 1-m class telescopes that could devote a few hours per night to monitor ongoing microlensing events. Our IAC observations indicate that accuracies sufficient to detect planets can be achieved despite the higher airmass.

Editors' note

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Denker, Carsten; Feller, Alex; Schmidt, Wolfgang; von der Lühe, Oskar

2012-11-01

This topical issue of Astronomische Nachrichten/Astronomical Notes is a collection of reference articles covering the GREGOR solar telescope, its science capabilities, its subsystems, and its dedicated suite of instruments for high-resolution observations of the Sun. Because ground-based telescopes have life spans of several decades, it is only natural that they continuously reinvent themselves. Literally, the GREGOR telescope builds on the foundations of the venerable Gregory-Coudé Telescope (GCT) at Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife, Spain. Acknowledging the fact that new discoveries in observational solar physics are driven by larger apertures to collect more photons and to scrutinize the Sun in finer detail, the GCT was decommissioned and the building was made available to the GREGOR project.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: New companions to nearby low-mass stars (Jodar+, 2013)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jodar, E.; Perez-Garrido, A.; Diaz-Sanchez, A.; Villo, I.; Rebolo, R.; Perez-Prieto, J. A.

2016-04-01

we present the results of a high-resolution imaging survey of 451 late K and M dwarfs selected from the Gliese catalogue (Gliese 1969; Gliese & Jahreiss 1979, 1991, Cat. V/70). The observations were carried out during 2008 using Astralux at the 2.2m telescope at the Centro Astronomico Hispano Aleman (CAHA, Almeria, Spain) and FastCam at the 1.5m Carlos Sanchez Telescope at Teide Observatory (OT, Tenerife, Spain). The observations were done in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) i band at CAHA with pixel scales of ~47mas/pix and the Johnson-Cousin I band at OT with ~43mas/pix. (3 data files).

Diffuse CO2 degassing monitoring for the volcanic surveillance of Tenerife North-East Rift Zone (NERZ) volcano, Canary Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodríguez, F.; Thomas, G. E.; Wong, T.; García, E.; Melián, G.; Padron, E.; Asensio-Ramos, M.; Hernández, P. A.; Perez, N. M.

2017-12-01

The North East Rift zone of Tenerife Island (NERZ, 210 km2) is one of the three major volcanic rift-zones of the island. The most recent eruptive activity along the NERZ took place in the 1704-1705 period with eruptions of Siete Fuentes, Fasnia and Arafo volcanoes. Since fumarolic activity is nowadays absent at the NERZ, soil CO2 degassing monitoring represent a potential geochemical tool for its volcanic surveillance. The aim of this study is to report the results of the last CO2 efflux survey performed in June 2017, with 658 sampling sites. In-situ measurements of CO2 efflux from the surface environment of the NERZ were performed by means of a portable non-dispersive infrared spectrophotometer (NDIR) following the accumulation chamber method. To quantify the total CO2 emission, soil CO2 efflux spatial distribution maps were constructed using Sequential Gaussian Simulation (SGS) as interpolation method. The diffuse CO2 emission values ranged between 0 - 41.1 g m-2 d-1. The probability plot technique applied to the data allowed to distinguish two different geochemical populations; background (B) and peak (P) represented by 81.8% and 18.2% of the total data, respectively, with geometric means of 3.9 and 15.0 g m-2 d-1, respectively. The average map constructed with 100 equiprobable simulations showed an emission rate of 1,361±35 t d-1. This value relatively higher than the background average of CO2 emission estimated on 415 t d-1 and slightly higher than the background range of 148 t d-1 (-1σ) and 1,189 t d-1 (+1σ) observed at the NERZ. This study reinforces the importance of performing soil CO2 efflux surveys as an effective surveillance volcanic tool in the NERZ.

The recent seismicity of Teide volcano, Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

D'Auria, L.; Albert, G. W.; Calvert, M. M.; Gray, A.; Vidic, C.; Barrancos, J.; Padilla, G.; García-Hernández, R.; Perez, N. M.

2017-12-01

Tenerife is an active volcanic island which experienced several eruptions of moderate intensity in historical times, and few explosive eruptions in the Holocene. The increasing population density and the consistent number of tourists are constantly raising the volcanic risk of the island.On 02/10/2016 a remarkable swarm of long-period events was recorded and was interpreted as the effect of a transient massive fluid discharge episode occurring within the deep hydrothermal system of Teide volcano. Actually, since Oct. 2016, the hydrothermal system of the volcano underwent a progressive pressurization, testified by the marked variation of different geochemical parameters. The most striking observation is the increase in the diffuse CO2 emission from the summit crater of Teide volcano which started increasing from a background value of about 20 tons/day and reaching a peak of 175 tons/day in Feb. 2017.The pressurization process has been accompanied by an increase in the volcano-tectonic seismicity of. Teide volcano, recorded by the Red Sísmica Canaria, managed by Instituto Volcanológico de Canarias (INVOLCAN). The network began its full operativity in Nov. 2016 and currently consists of 15 broadband seismic stations. Since Nov. 2016 the network detected more than 100 small magnitude earthquakes, located beneath Teide volcano at depths usually ranging between 5 and 15 km. On January 6th 2017 a M=2.5 earthquake was recorded in the area, being one of the strongest ever recorded since decades. Most of the events show typical features of the microseismicity of hydrothermal systems: high spatial and temporal clustering and similar waveforms of individual events which often are overlapped.We present the spatial and temporal distribution of the seismicity of Teide volcano since Nov. 2016, comparing it also with the past seismicity of the volcano. Furthermore we analyze the statistical properties of the numerous swarms recorded until now with the aid of a template-matching technique to detect a large amount of small events whose waveforms are hidden within the background noise.

Volcanic geomorphosites and geotourism in Las Cañadas del Teide National Park, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dóniz-Paéz, Javier; Becerra-Ramírez, Rafael; González-Cárdenas, Elena; Rodriguez, Fátima

2017-04-01

Geomorphosites and geoturism studies are increasing for the high scientific, societal, cultural, and aesthetic values of the relief. Volcanic areas are exciting targets for such studies for their geodiversity. The aim of these study is an inventory of volcanic geomorphosites and its relationship to geotourism. Las Cañadas del Teide National Park (LCTNP) is a volcanic complex area located in the central part of Tenerife island (Canary Islands, Spain). This area is a volcanic paradise rich in spectacular landforms: stratovolcanoes, calderas, cinder cones, craters, pahoehoe, aa, block and balls lavas, gullies, etc. The national park is registered in the world heritage list (UNESCO) in 2007 as a natural site. The LCTNP receives more than 2,5 million tourists per year and it has 21 main pahts and 14 secondary ones. For the selection of the geomophosites the LCTNP was divided into four geomorphological units (Teide-Pico Viejo stratovolcanoes, Las Cañadas Caldera wall, the bottom of Las Cañadas and the basaltic volcanic field) and each one of them is selected the most representative geomorphosites by its geodiversity, because of its geomorphological heritage, its landscapes and its tourist potential with the paths. All selected geomorphosites are within areas where public use is allowed in the park. The inventory classifies the 23 geomorphosites in two main categories: (a) direct volcanic with 17 geomorphosites (stratovolcanoes, domes, cinder cones, pahoehoe, aa and bloc lava flows, etc.) and (b) eroded volcanic landforms with 6 (wall of Las Cañadas caldera, talusees, foodplains, etc.). The Teide-Pico Viejo unit is which has more geomorphosites with 8 and the Las Cañadas wall unit possessing less with 5. The assessment evaluates the scientific, cultural/historical, and use values and helps to define priorities in site management. These geomorphosites demonstrate the volcanic history and processes of the LCTNP.

Chrysodeixis chalcites nucleopolyhedrovirus (ChchNPV): Natural occurrence and efficacy as a biological insecticide on young banana plants in greenhouse and open-field conditions on the Canary Islands

PubMed Central

Fuentes, Ernesto Gabriel; Hernández-Suárez, Estrella

2017-01-01

Chrysodeixis chalcites, an important pest of banana crops on the Canary Islands, is usually controlled by chemical insecticides. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the most prevalent isolate of the Chrysodeixis chalcites nucleopolyhedrovirus (ChchNPV, Baculoviridae) as a biological insecticide. Overall the prevalence of ChchNPV infection in C. chalcites populations was 2.3% (103 infected larvae out of 4,438 sampled), but varied from 0–4.8% on Tenerife and was usually low (0–2%) on the other islands. On Tenerife, infected larvae were present at 11 out of 17 plantations sampled. The prevalence of infection in larvae on bananas grown under greenhouse structures was significantly higher (3%) than in open-field sites (1.4%). The ChchNPV-TF1 isolate was the most abundant and widespread of four genetic variants of the virus. Application of 1.0x109 viral occlusion bodies (OBs)/l of ChchNPV-TF1 significantly reduced C. chalcites foliar damage in young banana plants as did commonly used pesticides, both in greenhouse and open-field sites. The insecticidal efficacy of ChchNPV-TF1 was similar to that of indoxacarb and a Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-based insecticide in one year of trials and similar to Bt in the following year of trails in greenhouse and field crops. However, larvae collected at different time intervals following virus treatments and reared in the laboratory experienced 2–7 fold more mortality than insects from conventional insecticide treatments. This suggests that the acquisition of lethal dose occurred over an extended period (up to 7 days) compared to a brief peak in larvae on plants treated with conventional insecticides. These results should prove useful for the registration of a ChchNPV-based insecticide for integrated management of this pest in banana crops on the Canary Islands. PMID:28750003

Flare-induced changes of the photospheric magnetic field in a δ-spot deduced from ground-based observations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gömöry, P.; Balthasar, H.; Kuckein, C.; Koza, J.; Veronig, A. M.; González Manrique, S. J.; Kučera, A.; Schwartz, P.; Hanslmeier, A.

2017-06-01

Aims: Changes of the magnetic field and the line-of-sight velocities in the photosphere are being reported for an M-class flare that originated at a δ-spot belonging to active region NOAA 11865. Methods: High-resolution ground-based near-infrared spectropolarimetric observations were acquired simultaneously in two photospheric spectral lines, Fe I 10783 Å and Si I 10786 Å, with the Tenerife Infrared Polarimeter at the Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT) in Tenerife on 2013 October 15. The observations covered several stages of the M-class flare. Inversions of the full-Stokes vector of both lines were carried out and the results were put into context using (extreme)-ultraviolet filtergrams from the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). Results: The active region showed high flaring activity during the whole observing period. After the M-class flare, the longitudinal magnetic field did not show significant changes along the polarity inversion line (PIL). However, an enhancement of the transverse magnetic field of approximately 550 G was found that bridges the PIL and connects umbrae of opposite polarities in the δ-spot. At the same time, a newly formed system of loops appeared co-spatially in the corona as seen in 171 Å filtergrams of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board SDO. However, we cannot exclude that the magnetic connection between the umbrae already existed in the upper atmosphere before the M-class flare and became visible only later when it was filled with hot plasma. The photospheric Doppler velocities show a persistent upflow pattern along the PIL without significant changes due to the flare. Conclusions: The increase of the transverse component of the magnetic field after the flare together with the newly formed loop system in the corona support recent predictions of flare models and flare observations. The movie associated to Figs. 4 and 5 is available at http://www.aanda.org

Fungi as Endophytes in Artemisia thuscula: Juxtaposed Elements of Diversity and Phylogeny.

PubMed

Cosoveanu, Andreea; Rodriguez Sabina, Samuel; Cabrera, Raimundo

2018-01-27

Artemisia is a plant genus highly studied for its medicinal applications. The studies on the associated fungal endophytes are scarce. Ten plants specimens of Artemisia thuscula from Tenerife and La Palma were sampled to isolate the endophytic fungi. Identification of the endophytic fungi was based on morphology, Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) and Large Subunit (LSU) regions sequencing and indicates 37 fungal species affiliated to 25 fungal genera. Colonization rate varied among plants (CR = 25% to 92.11%). The most dominant colonizers found were Alternaria alternata (CF = 18.71%), Neofusicoccum sp. (CF = 8.39%) and Preussia sp. (CF = 3.23). Tendency for host specificity of most endophytic fungal species was observed. Sorensen-Dice index revealed that of 45 cases in the matrix, 27 of them were of zero similarity. Further, only one case was found to have 57% similarity (TF2 and TF7) and one case with 50% similarity (TF1 and TF4). The rest of the cases had values ranging between 11% and 40% similarity. Diversity indices like Brillouin, Margalef species richness, Simpson index of diversity and Fisher's alpha, revealed plants from La Palma with higher values than plants from Tenerife. Three nutrient media (i.e., potato dextrose agar-PDA, lignocellulose agar-LCA, and tomato juice agar-V8) were used in a case study and revealed no differences in terms of colonization rate when data was averaged. Colonization frequency showed several species with preference for nutrient medium (63% of the species were isolated from only one nutrient medium). For the phylogenetic reconstruction using the Bayesian method, 54 endophytic fungal ITS sequences and associated GenBank sequences were analyzed. Ten orders (Diaporthales, Dothideales, Botryosphaeriales, Hypocreales, Trichosphaeriales, Amphisphaeriales, Xylariales, Capnodiales, Pleosporales and Eurotiales) were recognized. Several arrangements of genera draw the attention, like Aureobasidium (Dothideales) and Aplosporella (Botryosphaeriales) which are clustered with a recent ancestor (BS = 0.97).

Disentangling Ancient Interactions: A New Extinct Passerine Provides Insights on Character Displacement among Extinct and Extant Island Finches

PubMed Central

Rando, Juan Carlos; Alcover, Josep Antoni; Illera, Juan Carlos

2010-01-01

Background Evolutionary studies of insular biotas are based mainly on extant taxa, although such biotas represent artificial subsets of original faunas because of human-caused extinctions of indigenous species augmented by introduced exotic taxa. This makes it difficult to obtain a full understanding of the history of ecological interactions between extant sympatric species. Morphological bill variation of Fringilla coelebs and F. teydea (common and blue chaffinches) has been previously studied in the North Atlantic Macaronesian archipelagos. Character displacement between both species has been argued to explain bill sizes in sympatry. However, this explanation is incomplete, as similar patterns of bill size have been recorded in F. coelebs populations from islands with and without F. teydea. Methodology/Principal Findings The discovery of a new extinct species in Tenerife (Canary Islands), here named Carduelis aurelioi n. sp. (slender-billed greenfinch), provides the opportunity to study ancient ecological interactions among Macaronesian finches. To help understand the evolutionary histories of forest granivores in space and time, we have performed a multidisciplinary study combining: (1) morphological analyses and radiocarbon dating (11,460±60 yr BP) of the new taxon and, (2) molecular divergence among the extant finch species and populations in order to infer colonization times (1.99 and 1.09 My for F. teydea and F. coelebs respectively). Conclusion/Significance C. aurelioi, F. coelebs and F. teydea co-habited in Tenerife for at least one million years. The unique anatomical trends of the new species, namely chaffinch-like beak and modified hind and forelimbs, reveal that there was a process of divergence of resource competition traits among the three sympatric finches. The results of our study, combined with the presence of more extinct greenfinches in other Macaronesian islands with significant variation in their beak sizes, suggests that the character displacement has influenced patterns of divergence in bill size and shape on other Macaronesian islands as well. PMID:20886036

Are closed landfills free of CH_{4} emissions? A case study of Arico's landfill, Tenerife, Canary Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barrancos, José; Cook, Jenny; Phillips, Victoria; Asensio-Ramos, María; Melián, Gladys; Hernández, Pedro A.; Pérez, Nemesio M.

2016-04-01

Landfills are authentic chemical and biological reactors that introduce in the environment a wide amount of gas pollutants (CO2, CH4, volatile organic compounds, etc.) and leachates. Even after years of being closed, a significant amount of landfill gas could be released to the atmosphere through the surface in a diffuse form, also known as non-controlled emission. The study of the spatial-temporal distribution of diffuse emissions provides information of how a landfill degassing takes place. The main objective of this study was to estimate the diffuse uncontrolled emission of CH4 into the atmosphere from the closed Arico's landfill (0.3 km2) in Tenerife Island, Spain. To do so, a non-controlled biogenic gas emission survey of nearly 450 sampling sites was carried out during August 2015. Surface gas sampling and surface landfill CO2 efflux measurements were carried out at each sampling site by means of a portable non-dispersive infrared spectrophotometer (NDIR) model LICOR Li800 following the accumulation chamber method. Landfill gases, CO2 and CH4, were analyzed using a double channel VARIAN 4900 micro-GC. The CH4 efflux was computed combining CO2 efflux and CH4/CO2 ratio in the landfill's surface gas. To quantify the total CH4 emission, CH4 efflux contour map was constructed using sequential Gaussian simulation (sGs) as interpolation method. The total diffuse CH4 emission was estimated in 2.2 t d-1, with CH4 efflux values ranging from 0-922 mg m-2 d-1. This type of studies provides knowledge of how a landfill degasses and serves to public and private entities to establish effective systems for extraction of biogas. This aims not only to achieve higher levels of controlled gas release from landfills resulting in a higher level of energy production but also will contribute to minimize air pollution caused by them.

Chrysodeixis chalcites nucleopolyhedrovirus (ChchNPV): Natural occurrence and efficacy as a biological insecticide on young banana plants in greenhouse and open-field conditions on the Canary Islands.

PubMed

Fuentes, Ernesto Gabriel; Hernández-Suárez, Estrella; Simón, Oihane; Williams, Trevor; Caballero, Primitivo

2017-01-01

Chrysodeixis chalcites, an important pest of banana crops on the Canary Islands, is usually controlled by chemical insecticides. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the most prevalent isolate of the Chrysodeixis chalcites nucleopolyhedrovirus (ChchNPV, Baculoviridae) as a biological insecticide. Overall the prevalence of ChchNPV infection in C. chalcites populations was 2.3% (103 infected larvae out of 4,438 sampled), but varied from 0-4.8% on Tenerife and was usually low (0-2%) on the other islands. On Tenerife, infected larvae were present at 11 out of 17 plantations sampled. The prevalence of infection in larvae on bananas grown under greenhouse structures was significantly higher (3%) than in open-field sites (1.4%). The ChchNPV-TF1 isolate was the most abundant and widespread of four genetic variants of the virus. Application of 1.0x109 viral occlusion bodies (OBs)/l of ChchNPV-TF1 significantly reduced C. chalcites foliar damage in young banana plants as did commonly used pesticides, both in greenhouse and open-field sites. The insecticidal efficacy of ChchNPV-TF1 was similar to that of indoxacarb and a Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-based insecticide in one year of trials and similar to Bt in the following year of trails in greenhouse and field crops. However, larvae collected at different time intervals following virus treatments and reared in the laboratory experienced 2-7 fold more mortality than insects from conventional insecticide treatments. This suggests that the acquisition of lethal dose occurred over an extended period (up to 7 days) compared to a brief peak in larvae on plants treated with conventional insecticides. These results should prove useful for the registration of a ChchNPV-based insecticide for integrated management of this pest in banana crops on the Canary Islands.

Are both sympatric species Ilex perado and Ilex canariensis secretly hybridizing? Indication from nuclear markers collected in Tenerife

PubMed Central

Manen, Jean-François

2004-01-01

Background Intra-specific and intra-individual polymorphism is frequently observed in nuclear markers of Ilex (Aquifoliaceae) and discrepancy between plastid and nuclear phylogenies is the rule in this genus. These observations suggest that inter-specific plastid or/and nuclear introgression played an important role in the process of evolution of Ilex. With the aim of a precise understanding of the evolution of this genus, two distantly related sympatric species collected in Tenerife (Canary Islands), I. perado and I. canariensis, were studied in detail. Introgression between these two species was previously never reported. One plastid marker (the atpB-rbcL spacer) and two nuclear markers, the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the nuclear encoded plastid glutamine synthetase (nepGS) were analyzed for 13 and 27 individuals of I. perado and I. canariensis, respectively. Results The plastid marker is intra-specifically constant and correlated with species identity. On the other hand, whereas the nuclear markers are conserved in I. perado, they are highly polymorphic in I. canariensis. The presence of pseudogenes and recombination in ITS sequences of I. canariensis explain this polymorphism. Ancestral sequence polymorphism with incomplete lineage sorting, or past or recent hybridization with an unknown species could explain this polymorphism, not resolved by concerted evolution. However, as already reported for many other plants, past or recent introgression of an alien genotype seem the most probable explanation for such a tremendous polymorphism. Conclusions Data do not allow the determination with certitude of the putative species introgressing I. canariensis, but I. perado is suspected. The introgression would be unilateral, with I. perado as the male donor, and the paternal sequences would be rapidly converted in highly divergent and consequently unidentifiable pseudogenes. At least, this study allows the establishment of precautionary measures when nuclear markers are used in phylogenetic studies of genera having experienced introgression such as the genus Ilex. PMID:15550175

On the occurrence of egg masses of the diamond-shaped squid Thysanoteuthis rhombus Troschel, 1857 in the subtropical eastern Atlantic (Canary Islands). A potential commercial species?

PubMed Central

Pérez, Alejandro Escánez; Elena, Rodrigo Riera; González, Ángel Francisco González; Sierra, Ángel Guerra

2012-01-01

Abstract Data on opportunistic sightings of diamond-shaped squid Thysanoteuthis rhombus egg masses in the Canary Islands (Atlantic Ocean) are presented. A total of 16 egg masses of this species were recorded and photographed from 2000 to 2010 around the western islands of the archipelago (El Hierro, Tenerife and La Gomera). These data reveal the existence of an important spawning area for diamond-shaped squid around the Canary Islands, in subtropical east Atlantic waters. We provide preliminary data for the potential development of an artisanal fishery focused on this species, and a discussion on its potential impacts on the marine ecosystem. PMID:23129987

Dust Storm Hits Canary Islands

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

A thick pall of sand and dust blew out from the Sahara Desert over the Atlantic Ocean yesterday (January 6, 2002), engulfing the Canary Islands in what has become one of the worst sand storms ever recorded there. In this scene, notice how the dust appears particularly thick in the downwind wake of Tenerife, the largest of the Canary Islands. Perhaps the turbulence generated by the air currents flowing past the island's volcanic peaks is churning the dust back up into the atmosphere, rather than allowing it to settle toward the surface. This true-color image was captured by the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), flying aboard NASA's Terra satellite, on January 7, 2002. Image courtesy Jacques Descloitres, MODIS Land Rapid Response Team at NASA GSFC

Taxonomic history and invasion biology of two Phyllonorycter leaf miners (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) with links to taxonomic and molecular datasets.

PubMed

De Prins, Jurate; De Prins, Willy; De Coninck, Eliane; Kawahara, Akito Y; Milton, Megan A; Hebert, Paul D N

2013-01-01

This paper deals with two European species, Phyllonorycter mespilella (Hübner, 1805) and P. trifasciella (Haworth, 1828), that have colonized the subtropical Canary Islands. The Rosaceae leaf miner, P. mespilella, is recorded for the first time from Lanzarote and La Palma, while the Caprifoliaceae leaf miner, P. trifasciella, is recorded from Tenerife. We present the diagnoses of these species based on morphology, a preliminary DNA barcode (COI) library of congeneric and con-familial species, and discuss the taxonomic position of the colonizers within the blancardella and trifasciella species groups. The recent intensification of anthropogenic disturbance likely accounts for their range expansion, an event that may impact the relict flora present on the Canary Islands.

Dietary intake of aluminum in a Spanish population (Canary Islands).

PubMed

González-Weller, Dailos; Gutiérrez, Angel José; Rubio, Carmen; Revert, Consuelo; Hardisson, Arturo

2010-10-13

The aim of this study was to analyze the aluminum content in foods and beverages most commonly consumed by the Canary Island population to determine the dietary intake of this metal throughout the Canary Islands as a whole and in each of the seven islands (Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Tenerife, La Palma, La Gomera, and El Hierro). Four hundred and forty samples were analyzed by ICP-OES. Estimated total intake of aluminum for the Canary population was 10.171 mg/day, slightly higher than the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI; 10 mg/day for a person weighing 70 kg). Aluminum intake by age and sex of the Canary Island population was also determined and compared values from other populations, both national and international.

Expedition Atacama - project AMOS in Chile

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tóth, J.; Kaniansky, S.

2016-01-01

The Slovak Video Meteor Network operates since 2009 (Tóth et al., 2011). It currently consists of four semi-automated all-sky video cameras, developed at the Astronomical Observatory in Modra, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia. Two new generations of AMOS (All-sky Meteor Orbit System) cameras operate fully automatically at the Canary Islands, Tenerife and La Palma, since March 2015 (Tóth et al., 2015). As a logical step, we plan to cover the southern hemisphere from Chile. We present observational experiences in meteor astronomy from the Atacama Desert and other astronomical sites in Chile. This summary of the observations lists meteor spectra records (26) between Nov.5-13, 2015 mostly Taurid meteors, single and double station meteors as well as the first light from the permanent AMOS stations in Chile.

QIPS: quantum information and quantum physics in space

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schmitt-Manderbach, Tobias; Scheidl, Thomas; Ursin, Rupert; Tiefenbacher, Felix; Weier, Henning; Fürst, Martin; Jennewein, T.; Perdigues, J.; Sodnik, Z.; Rarity, J.; Zeilinger, Anton; Weinfurter, Harald

2017-11-01

The aim of the QIPS project (financed by ESA) is to explore quantum phenomena and to demonstrate quantum communication over long distances. Based on the current state-of-the-art a first study investigating the feasibility of space based quantum communication has to establish goals for mid-term and long-term missions, but also has to test the feasibility of key issues in a long distance ground-to-ground experiment. We have therefore designed a proof-of-concept demonstration for establishing single photon links over a distance of 144 km between the Canary Islands of La Palma and Tenerife to evaluate main limitations for future space experiments. Here we report on the progress of this project and present first measurements of crucial parameters of the optical free space link.

Intercomparison of in-situ and remote sensing δD signals in tropospheric water vapour

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schneider, Matthias; González, Yenny; Dyroff, Christoph; Christner, Emanuel; García, Omaira; Wiegele, Andreas; Andrey, Javier; Barthlott, Sabine; Blumenstock, Thomas; Guirado, Carmen; Hase, Frank; Ramos, Ramon; Rodríguez, Sergio; Sepúveda, Eliezer

2014-05-01

The main mission of the project MUSICA (MUlti-platform remote Sensing of Isotopologues for investigating the Cycle of Atmospheric water) is the generation of a quasi-global tropospheric water vapour isototopologue dataset of a good and well-documented quality. We present a first empirical validation of MUSICA's remote sensing δD products (ground-based FTIR within NDACC, Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change, and space-based with IASI, Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer, flown on METOP). As reference we use in-situ measurements made on the island of Tenerife at two different altitudes (2370 and 3550 m a.s.l., using two Picarro L2120-i water isotopologue analyzers) and aboard an aircraft (between 200 and 6800 m a.s.l., using the homemade ISOWAT instrument).

5.625 Gbps bidirectional laser communications measurements between the NFIRE satellite and an optical ground station

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fields, Renny A.; Kozlowski, David A.; Yura, Harold T.; Wong, Robert L.; Wicker, Josef M.; Lunde, Carl T.; Gregory, Mark; Wandernoth, Bernhard K.; Heine, Frank F.; Luna, Joseph J.

2011-11-01

5.625 Gbps bidirectional laser communication at 1064 nm has been demonstrated on a repeatable basis between a Tesat coherent laser communication terminal with a 6.5 cm diameter ground aperture mounted inside the European Space Agency Optical Ground Station dome at Izana, Tenerife and a similar space-based terminal (12.4 cm diameter aperture) on the Near-Field InfraRed Experiment (NFIRE) low-earth-orbiting spacecraft. Both night and day bidirectional links were demonstrated with the longest being 177 seconds in duration. Correlation with atmospheric models and preliminary atmospheric r0 and scintillation measurements have been made for the conditions tested, suggesting that such coherent systems can be deployed successfully at still lower altitudes without resorting to the use of adaptive optics for compensation.

Science development on volcanology flawed by the Spanish IGN

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pérez, Nemesio M.; Schmincke, Hans-Ulrich

2016-04-01

Scientists performing research activities in the field of volcanology, related more specifically to volcano monitoring in the Canary Islands, recently discovered that not all seismic events that occurred in the country had been listed in the Spanish National Seismic Catalogue and its related data base. The National Geographic Institute (IGN) is the legal Spanish institution in-charge of the National Seismic Catalogue, together with volcanic surveillance in Spain. It was therefore a huge surprise to discover that the number of seismic events registered in and around Tenerife Island in 2010, and according to the national catalogue, was only approximately 60, while the real number of seismic events recorded by the IGN in the region was 1,176. The existence of two different accounts of seismic activity registered by the IGN in and around Tenerife Island, keeping one for the public eye, while hiding the other one from even the scientific community, is not only illegal but also unscientific, hindering the progress of science. In addition, most importantly it is detrimental for timely forecasting of sudden/instantaneous dynamic events, such as major earthquakes and/or volcanic eruptions which might spell disaster for the population, the economy of the island, and severely impact tourism. This unethical behaviour by IGN's volcanological staff has already caused damage to open scientific discussions; a key parameter for scientific development. A scientific contribution was recently published using data from 15 years of research on diffuse CO2 emission monitoring from the summit cone of Teide volcano (Pérez et al., 2013). The seismic data that was used to discuss the observed temporal variations of the degassing pattern from Teide volcano came from the National Seismic Catalogue. In contrast it is obvious that the observed variations on diffuse CO2 emission from Teide volcano from 1997 to 2011 provided a better scientific explanation when using the real seismic data that had been concealed for several years by IGN's volcanological staff. References Pérez et al., 2013. J. Geol. Soc., DOI: 10.1144/jgs2012-125.

Along for the ride or missing it altogether: exploring the host specificity and diversity of haemogregarines in the Canary Islands.

PubMed

Tomé, Beatriz; Pereira, Ana; Jorge, Fátima; Carretero, Miguel A; Harris, D James; Perera, Ana

2018-03-19

Host-parasite relationships are expected to be strongly shaped by host specificity, a crucial factor in parasite adaptability and diversification. Because whole host communities have to be considered to assess host specificity, oceanic islands are ideal study systems given their simplified biotic assemblages. Previous studies on insular parasites suggest host range broadening during colonization. Here, we investigate the association between one parasite group (haemogregarines) and multiple sympatric hosts (of three lizard genera: Gallotia, Chalcides and Tarentola) in the Canary Islands. Given haemogregarine characteristics and insular conditions, we hypothesized low host specificity and/or occurrence of host-switching events. A total of 825 samples were collected from the three host taxa inhabiting the seven main islands of the Canarian Archipelago, including locations where the different lizards occurred in sympatry. Blood slides were screened to assess prevalence and parasitaemia, while parasite genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships were inferred from 18S rRNA gene sequences. Infection levels and diversity of haplotypes varied geographically and across host groups. Infections were found in all species of Gallotia across the seven islands, in Tarentola from Tenerife, La Gomera and La Palma, and in Chalcides from Tenerife, La Gomera and El Hierro. Gallotia lizards presented the highest parasite prevalence, parasitaemia and diversity (seven haplotypes), while the other two host groups (Chalcides and Tarentola) harbored one haplotype each, with low prevalence and parasitaemia levels, and very restricted geographical ranges. Host-sharing of the same haemogregarine haplotype was only detected twice, but these rare instances likely represent occasional cross-infections. Our results suggest that: (i) Canarian haemogregarine haplotypes are highly host-specific, which might have restricted parasite host expansion; (ii) haemogregarines most probably reached the Canary Islands in three colonization events with each host genus; and (iii) the high number of parasite haplotypes infecting Gallotia hosts and their restricted geographical distribution suggest co-diversification. These findings contrast with our expectations derived from results on other insular parasites, highlighting how host specificity depends on parasite characteristics and evolutionary history.

Correlations between lead, cadmium, copper, zinc, and iron concentrations in frozen tuna fish

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Galindo, L.; Hardisson, A.; Montelongo, F.G.

1986-04-01

The presence of metallic pollutants in marine ecosystems has promoted wide research plans in order to evaluate pollution levels in marine organisms. However, little is known concerning environmental and physiological processes that regulate the concentration of trace metals in marine organisms. Even though the toxicity of lead and cadmium is well established, copper, zinc and iron are considered as essential elements for mammals. Little is known about heavy metals, other than mercury, concentrations in fresh and frozen tuna fish. Fifty samples obtained at the entrance of a canning factory in Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Canary Islands), were analyzed by atomicmore » absorption spectrophotometry. Results were treated by applying the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences compiled and linked in the software of a Digital VAX/VMS 11/780 computer.« less

Atmospheric Extinction Coefficients in the Ic Band for Several Major International Observatories: Results from the BiSON Telescopes, 1984-2016

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hale, S. J.; Chaplin, W. J.; Davies, G. R.; Elsworth, Y. P.; Howe, R.; Lund, M. N.; Moxon, E. Z.; Thomas, A.; Pallé, P. L.; Rhodes, E. J., Jr.

2017-09-01

Over 30 years of solar data have been acquired by the Birmingham Solar Oscillations Network (BiSON), an international network of telescopes used to study oscillations of the Sun. Five of the six BiSON telescopes are located at major observatories. The observational sites are, in order of increasing longitude: Mount Wilson (Hale) Observatory (MWO), California, USA; Las Campanas Observatory, Chile; Observatorio del Teide, Izaña, Tenerife, Canary Islands; the South African Astronomical Observatory, Sutherland, South Africa; Carnarvon, Western Australia; and the Paul Wild Observatory, Narrabri, New South Wales, Australia. The BiSON data may be used to measure atmospheric extinction coefficients in the {{{I}}}{{c}} band (approximately 700-900 nm), and presented here are the derived atmospheric extinction coefficients from each site over the years 1984-2016.

Influence of the submarine volcanic eruption off El Hierro (Canary Islands) on the mesopelagic cephalopod's metal content.

PubMed

Lozano-Bilbao, Enrique; Gutiérrez, Ángel José; Hardisson, Arturo; Rubio, Carmen; González-Weller, Dailos; Aguilar, Natacha; Escánez, Alejandro; Espinosa, José María; Canales, Paula; Lozano, Gonzalo

2018-04-01

This work investigates whether a submarine volcanic eruption off El Hierro (Canary Islands) in October 2011 influenced the metal contents of two deep water cephalopod species: Abraliopsis morisii and Pyroteuthis margaritifera. This was assessed by comparing metal contents in specimens collected off the island of El Hierro and in the neighbouring islands of La Palma and Tenerife during an experimental deep water fishing trip. The concentration of 20 heavy metals was analyzed in 180 specimens of A. morisii and P. margaritifera collected around the three islands to test for inter-island differences for each species and metal. While both species showed geographical differences in metal concentrations, the main finding was that A. morisii could be a bioindicator species for metals such as Li, Sr and Ca. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Meteorite, a rock from space: A planetarium adventure for children

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodríguez Hidalgo, I.; Naveros Y Naveiras, R.; González Sánchez, O.

2008-06-01

At the Museum of the Science and the Cosmos (MCC, La Laguna, Tenerife) there is a small planetarium. All the different planetarium shows are carried out entirely by the Museum staff, from the original idea and the script to the final production. In February 2007, Meteorite, a rock from space, a new show, specifically for children, was released. The characters (astronomical bodies) are played by puppets, designed and manufactured for this occasion; the script has been carefully written, and introduces many astronomical concepts in the form of an entertaining tale, which encourages the children to participate by crying, counting, helping the characters - just like a traditional puppet show. The aim of this contribution is to review the different resources (some of them really innovative) used to create this programme, which offers plenty of future possibilities.

The QUIJOTE experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

López-Caniego, Marcos

The QUIJOTE (Q-U-I JOint Tenerife) Experiment† (Rubiño-Martín et al. 2010)) is observing the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background and other Galactic and extragalactic signals at medium and large angular scales in the frequency range of 10-40 GHz. This experiment is going to provide valuable information about the polarization properties of synchrotron and anomalous microwave emission at these frequencies. It consists of two telescopes and three instruments located at the the Teide Observatory (2400 m) in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. This project has two phases: Phase I, the first telescope (QT1) and a multi-frequency instrument (MFI) are in operations since November 2012 observing between 10 and 20 GHz. A second instrument (TGI) with 31 polarimeters working at 30 GHz is expected to start operations in Autumn 2015 and will be devoted to primordial B-mode science. This instrument will include a fixed polariser and 90 and 180 phase switches to generate four polarization states to minimize the different systematics in the receiver; Phase II, a second QUIJOTE telescope (QT2), already in operation, and a third instrument (FGI) with 40 polarimeters working at 41 GHz, safely below the 60-GHz oxygen absorption band, will significantly increment the sensitivity of the QUIJOTE project to detect the r parameter (tensor-to-scalar ratio). The reason for this is not only the significant reduction of noise due to the number of polarimeters that will incorporate but also the lower synchrotron signal from our galaxy expected at these higher frequencies. The maps obtained with the multi-frequency instrument (10-20 GHz), in combination with data from other experiments like Planck and the VLA, will be used to clean the diffuse and compact foreground emission at 30 and 40 GHz, the cosmological channels. After three years of effective observations we expect to reach the required sensitivity to detect a primordial gravitational-wave component if the tensor-to-scalar ratio is larger than r = 0.05. At the moment we have completed the Wide Survey with the multi-frequency instrument, covering 20.000 square degrees of the Northern hemisphere. In addition, we have deep integrations of our main calibrators Taurus A, Cassiopea A, Jupiter and of the Perseus molecular complex. In particular, the first results obtained from the measurement of the intensity and polarisation of the anomalous microwave emission inthis region, G159.6-18.5, have been recently published in Génova-Santos et al. 2015). This article presents the most precise spectrum of the anomalous microwave emission (AME) measured to date in an individual region, with 13 independent data points between 10 and 50 GHz being dominated by this emission. The four QUIJOTE data points provide the first independent confirmation of the downturn of the AME spectrum at low frequencies, initially unveiled by the COSMOlogical Structures On Medium Angular Scales (COSMOSOMAS) experiment in this region. We also have observed several regions of interest for our science program where we plan to study the compact and diffuse polarized emission.

Species delimitation and conservation genetics of the Canarian endemic Bethencourtia (Asteraceae).

PubMed

Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Priscila; Pérez de Paz, Pedro Luis; Sosa, Pedro A

2018-04-01

Bethencourtia Choisy ex Link is an endemic genus of the Canary Islands and comprises three species. Bethencourtia hermosae and Bethencourtia rupicola are restricted to La Gomera, while Bethencourtia palmensis is present in Tenerife and La Palma. Despite the morphological differences previously found between the species, there are still taxonomic incongruities in the group, with evident consequences for its monitoring and conservation. The objectives of this study were to define the species differentiation, perform population genetic analysis and propose conservation strategies for Bethencourtia. To achieve these objectives, we characterized 10 polymorphic SSR markers. Eleven natural populations (276 individuals) were analyzed (three for B. hermosae, five for B. rupicola and three for B. palmensis). The results obtained by AMOVA, PCoA and Bayesian analysis on STRUCTURE confirmed the evidence of well-structured groups corresponding to the three species. At the intra-specific level, B. hermosae and B. rupicola did not show a clear population structure, while B. palmensis was aggregated according to island of origin. This is consistent with self-incompatibility in the group and high gene flow within species. Overall, the genetic diversity of the three species was low, with expected heterozygosity values of 0.302 (B. hermosae), 0.382 (B. rupicola) and 0.454 (B. palmensis). Recent bottleneck events and a low number of individuals per population are probably the causes of the low genetic diversity. We consider that they are naturally rare species associated with specific habitats. The results given in this article will provide useful information to assist in conservation genetics programs for this endemic genus.

47 CFR 76.1902 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... messages other than: (1) Advertising relating to such service itself or the programming contained therein, (2) Interstitial programming relating to such service itself or the programming contained therein, or... fee (other than government-mandated fees) for the reception or viewing of the programming contained...

Violence and sex in television programs do not sell products in advertisements.

PubMed

Bushman, Brad J

2005-09-01

Adults (N = 336) 18 to 54 years old watched a television program containing violence, sex, both violence and sex, or no violence and sex. Programs were shown in a comfortable room containing padded chairs and tasty snacks. Each program contained the same 12 ads. Embedding an ad in a program containing violence or sex reduced (a) viewers' likelihood of remembering the advertised brand, (b) their interest in buying that brand, and (c) their likelihood of selecting a coupon for that brand. These effects occurred for males and females of all ages, regardless of whether they liked programs containing violence and sex. These results show that violence and sex in television programs do not sell products in advertisements.

Spatial Tourist and Functional Diversity on the Volcanic Island of Gran Canaria

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gonda-Soroczyńska, Eleonora; Olczyk, Hanna

2017-10-01

The conducted research is focused on spatial, functional and landscape diversity, the existing tourist potential and the possibilities for further development of a small, volcanic island of Gran Canaria. The discussed island was compared against other islands of the Canarian archipelago (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Tenerife, La Palma, El Hierro). Similarly to the remaining Canary Islands, the economy of Gran Canaria is predominantly based on tourism (approx. 4,5-5,0 million tourists visit the Canary Island annually and approx. 2,8 million come to Gran Canaria). Additionally, Puerto de la Luz transhipment centre in Las Palmas plays a very important role because of the goods imported from overseas. It is one of the largest ports in Spain (it reloads almost 2 million containers per year) also being an important Atlantic refuelling station. Apart from tourism, an important role is played here by agriculture, primarily the cultivation of bananas and tomatoes, which represent the most significant export good of the archipelago. The conducted spatial research showed an extensive diversity. This situation is, to a great extent, influenced by the climate. The northern part is cooler and dominated by agriculture, whereas the southern one is much warmer and characterized by a well-developed tourism infrastructure. Site inspections performed out along the outer contour of the island resembling a circle. Numerous architectural and urban sketches, urban analyses and photographic documentation were made. Community surveys were carried out. For a researcher, it was extremely interesting to answer the questions whether Gran Canaria is different from the other Canary Islands, especially in the functional and landscape context, and if so what exactly these differences consist of. What is Gran Canaria in particular characterized by and what kind of role it plays in the economic sector of Spain?

CO2 profile retrievals from TCCON spectra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dohe, Susanne; Hase, Frank; Sepúlveda, Eliezer; García, Omaira; Wunch, Debra; Wennberg, Paul; Gómez-Peláez, Angel; Abshire, James B.; Wofsy, Steven C.; Schneider, Matthias; Blumenstock, Thomas

2014-05-01

The Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) is a global network of ground-based Fourier Transform Spectrometers recording direct solar spectra in the near-infrared spectral region. With stringent requirements on the instrumentation, data processing and calibration, accurate and precise column-averaged abundances of CO2, CH4, N2O, HF, CO, H2O, and HDO are retrieved being an essential contribution for the validation of satellite data (e.g. GOSAT, OCO-2) and carbon cycle research (Olsen and Randerson, 2004). However, the determined column-averaged dry air mole fraction (DMF) contains no information about the vertical CO2 profile, due to the use of a simple scaling retrieval within the common TCCON analysis, where the fitting algorithm GFIT (e.g. Yang et al., 2005) is used. In this presentation we will apply a different procedure for calculating trace gas abundances from the measured spectra, the fitting algorithm PROFFIT (Hase et. al., 2004) which has been shown to be in very good accordance with GFIT. PROFFIT additionally offers the ability to perform profile retrievals in which the pressure broadening effect of absorption lines is used to retrieve vertical gas profiles, being of great interest especially for the CO2 modelling community. A new analyzing procedure will be shown and retrieved vertical CO2 profiles of the TCCON sites Izaña (Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain) and Lamont (Oklahoma, USA) will be presented and compared with simultaneously performed surface in-situ measurements and CO2 profiles from different aircraft campaigns. References: - Hase, F. et al., J.Q.S.R.T. 87, 25-52, 2004. - Olsen, S.C. and Randerson, J.T., J.G.Res., 109, D023012, 2004. - Yang, Z. et al., J.Q.S.R.T., 90, 309-321, 2005.

The effects of agriculture on the volcanic aquifers of the canary islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Custodio, E.; Guerra, J. A.; Jiménez, J.; Medina, J. A.; Soler, C.

1983-12-01

Agriculture is a basic economic activity in the Canary Islands, a Spanish region in the Atlantic Ocean, facing the Sahara. The main crops are bananas, tomatoes, and other special ones suitable for exportation. Fertilizers are applied in high quantities on the scarce land available. The relatively good vertical permeability of the soils favors the deep infiltration of irrigation return flows. Water is obtained by an extraordinary net of shaft wells and water galleries, supplemented when possible by surface reservoirs in the deep gullies. Water is distributed by an extensive network of pipes and canals, allowing the transportation of water to virtually any point from any water source. Water quality is widely variable, from almost rain water to brackish, with a high frequency of sodium bicarbonate types. Return flows, especially when water is applied with good irrigation techniques and the original quality is poor, are saline and contain chemicals leached from the fertilizers. On Tenerife Island, most of the return flows go to coastal aquifers, while most of the water comes from high-altitude water galleries. Agricultural pollution is not generally appraised, but it exists. It can be masked by the frequent, high natural nitrate content in groundwater. On Gran Canaria Island, since water comes mainly from deep shaft wells near the irrigated areas, the nitrate pollution is much more clear. On La Palma Island, besides the nitrate pollution, a potassium pollution of agricultural origin has been mentioned. Other situations on the remaining islands are also discussed. It can be concluded that agriculture is a big concern for the water quality in many areas and impairs its suitability for other uses. Because of the great depth of the water table, the nitrate pollution may not become obvious for many years, especially for the deep-water galleries.

75 FR 15603 - Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC): Vendor Cost...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-30

... Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC): Vendor Cost Containment AGENCY: Food and... Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC): Vendor Cost Containment.'' DATES: Effective Date... Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC): Vendor Cost Containment,'' 74 FR 51745...

Phase Diversity Applied to Sunspot Observations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tritschler, A.; Schmidt, W.; Knolker, M.

We present preliminary results of a multi-colour phase diversity experiment carried out with the Multichannel Filter System of the Vacuum Tower Telescope at the Observatorio del Teide on Tenerife. We apply phase-diversity imaging to a time sequence of sunspot filtergrams taken in three continuum bands and correct the seeing influence for each image. A newly developed phase diversity device allowing for the projection of both the focused and the defocused image onto a single CCD chip was used in one of the wavelength channels. With the information about the wavefront obtained by the image reconstruction algorithm the restoration of the other two bands can be performed as well. The processed and restored data set will then be used to derive the temperature and proper motion of the umbral dots. Data analysis is still under way, and final results will be given in a forthcoming article.

Nobel prize winner trading card (CIRCA 1952). Elie Metchnikoff.

PubMed

Hammerschmidt, Dale E

2003-03-01

Russian doctor and bacteriologist, born in Ivanowca in 1845. He began his studies in Kharkov, continuing them at the Universities of Giessen, Gothingen, and Munich, later being named Professor of Zoology in Odessa in 1870. In the Canary Islands, he completed some anthropological works, but dedicated himself especially to studies of marine fauna. In 1887, much taken by the work of Pasteur, he wrote to him asking for a position in his laboratories; in a short time he became one of the principal collaborators with the master, especially in works concerning bacteriology. These were an inspiration to him, and led him to his famous theory of phagocytosis, the defensive act whereby white blood cells protect an organism against pathogenic microbes. Metchnikoff supposed that old age was avoidable, and subscribed to the materialistic school of thought. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1908. (With the complements of the Jose Lopez Luis Cigarillo Factory, Tenerife).

Use of Low-Cost Acquisition Systems with an Embedded Linux Device for Volcanic Monitoring

PubMed Central

Moure, David; Torres, Pedro; Casas, Benito; Toma, Daniel; Blanco, María José; Del Río, Joaquín; Manuel, Antoni

2015-01-01

This paper describes the development of a low-cost multiparameter acquisition system for volcanic monitoring that is applicable to gravimetry and geodesy, as well as to the visual monitoring of volcanic activity. The acquisition system was developed using a System on a Chip (SoC) Broadcom BCM2835 Linux operating system (based on DebianTM) that allows for the construction of a complete monitoring system offering multiple possibilities for storage, data-processing, configuration, and the real-time monitoring of volcanic activity. This multiparametric acquisition system was developed with a software environment, as well as with different hardware modules designed for each parameter to be monitored. The device presented here has been used and validated under different scenarios for monitoring ocean tides, ground deformation, and gravity, as well as for monitoring with images the island of Tenerife and ground deformation on the island of El Hierro. PMID:26295394

Use of Low-Cost Acquisition Systems with an Embedded Linux Device for Volcanic Monitoring.

PubMed

Moure, David; Torres, Pedro; Casas, Benito; Toma, Daniel; Blanco, María José; Del Río, Joaquín; Manuel, Antoni

2015-08-19

This paper describes the development of a low-cost multiparameter acquisition system for volcanic monitoring that is applicable to gravimetry and geodesy, as well as to the visual monitoring of volcanic activity. The acquisition system was developed using a System on a Chip (SoC) Broadcom BCM2835 Linux operating system (based on DebianTM) that allows for the construction of a complete monitoring system offering multiple possibilities for storage, data-processing, configuration, and the real-time monitoring of volcanic activity. This multiparametric acquisition system was developed with a software environment, as well as with different hardware modules designed for each parameter to be monitored. The device presented here has been used and validated under different scenarios for monitoring ocean tides, ground deformation, and gravity, as well as for monitoring with images the island of Tenerife and ground deformation on the island of El Hierro.

Performance of a laser frequency comb calibration system with a high-resolution solar echelle spectrograph

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Doerr, H.-P.; Kentischer, T. J.; Steinmetz, T.; Probst, R. A.; Franz, M.; Holzwarth, R.; Udem, Th.; Hänsch, T. W.; Schmidt, W.

2012-09-01

Laser frequency combs (LFC) provide a direct link between the radio frequency (RF) and the optical frequency regime. The comb-like spectrum of an LFC is formed by exact equidistant laser modes, whose absolute optical frequencies are controlled by RF-references such as atomic clocks or GPS receivers. While nowadays LFCs are routinely used in metrological and spectroscopic fields, their application in astronomy was delayed until recently when systems became available with a mode spacing and wavelength coverage suitable for calibration of astronomical spectrographs. We developed a LFC based calibration system for the high-resolution echelle spectrograph at the German Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT), located at the Teide observatory, Tenerife, Canary Islands. To characterize the calibration performance of the instrument, we use an all-fiber setup where sunlight and calibration light are fed to the spectrograph by the same single-mode fiber, eliminating systematic effects related to variable grating illumination.

10 CFR Appendix A to Subpart E of... - DOE Federally Assisted Programs Containing Age Distinctions

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false DOE Federally Assisted Programs Containing Age...) NONDISCRIMINATION IN FEDERALLY ASSISTED PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Age-Age... Federally Assisted Programs Containing Age Distinctions Statute, Name, Public Law, and U.S. Code Section and...

"Canary Islands, a volcanic window in the Atlantic Ocean": a 7 year effort of public awareness on volcano hazards and risk management

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodríguez, Fátima; Calvo, David; Pérez, Nemesio M.; Padrón, Eleazar; Melián, Gladys; Padilla, Germán; Barrancos, José; Hernández, Pedro A.; Asensio-Ramos, María; Alonso, Mar

2016-04-01

"Canary Islands: A volcanic window in the Atlantic Ocean" is an educational program born from the need to inform and educate citizens residing in the Canary Islands on the various hazards associated to volcanic phenomena. The Canary Islands is the only territory of Spain that hosts active volcanism, as is shown by the 16 historical eruptions that have occurred throughout this territory, being the last one a submarine eruption taking place on October 12, 2011, offshore El Hierro Island. In the last 7 years, ITER as well as INVOLCAN have been performing an educative program focused on educating to the population about the benefits of a volcanic territory, volcanic hazards, how to reduce volcanic risk and the management of volcanic risk in the Canary Islands. "Canary Islands: A volcanic window in the Atlantic Ocean" consists of three units, the first two dedicated to the IAVCEI/UNESCO videos "Understanding Volcanic Hazards" and "Reducing Volcanic Risk" and the third one dedicated to the management of volcanic risk in the Canary Islands, as well as some other aspects of the volcanic phenomena. Generally the three units are shown consecutively on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. This educative program has been roaming all around the 88 municipalities of the archipelago since this initiative started in 2008. The total number of attendees since then amounts to 18,911 people. The increase of assistance was constant until 2011, with annual percentages of 7.8, 17.1 and 20.9 respectively, regarding to ratio assistant/municipality. Despite the heterogeneity of the audience, the main audience is related to aged people of 45 years and older. This could be related to the memories of the recent eruptions occurred at La Palma Island in 1949 and 1971. It is important to point out that many of those people attending the educative program are representatives of local government (i.e. civil protection). Regarding the interest of the audience, the educational program attendees have shown special interest on the possibility that a lateral collapse may occur in the volcanic edifices of Teide in Tenerife and Cumbre Vieja in La Palma. In addition, a volcanic trivial is provided to the attendees before the educative program starts. They have to answer to several questions directly related to each unit before and after the unit is taught, so it's possible to estimate the impact of the program. It's also important to highlight that after each unit ends, the rates of success in the answers sharply increase. Therefore, the ultimate goal of this educational program is to contribute to a better organized and informed community in relation to volcanic risk in Canary Islands and become much less vulnerable than a community that does not know or ignores volcanic hazards, and it is not organized to respond to them.

STANDARD MEASUREMENT PROTOCOLS - FLORIDA RADON RESEARCH PROGRAM

EPA Science Inventory

The manual, in support of the Florida Radon Research Program, contains standard protocols for key measurements where data quality is vital to the program. t contains two sections. he first section, soil measurements, contains field sampling protocols for soil gas permeability and...

Spatial distribution of intrinsic and scattering seismic attenuation in active volcanic islands - I: model and the case of Tenerife Island

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Prudencio, Janire; Del Pezzo, Edoardo; García-Yeguas, Araceli; Ibáñez, Jesús M.

2013-12-01

The complex volcanic system of Tenerife Island is known to have a highly heterogeneous character, as recently confirmed by velocity tomography. We present new information derived from intrinsic quality factor inverse maps (Qi-1), scattering quality factor inverse maps (Qs-1) and total quality factor inverse maps (Qt-1) obtained for the same region. The data set used in this work is the result of the analysis of an active seismic experiment carried out, using offshore shots (air guns) recorded at over 85 onshore seismic stations. The estimates of the attenuation parameters are based on the assumption that the seismogram energy envelopes are determined by seismic energy diffusion processes occurring inside the island. Diffusion model parameters, proportional to Qi-1 and to Qs-1, are estimated from the inversion of the energy envelopes for any source-receiver couple. They are then weighted with a new graphical approach based on a Gaussian space probability function, which allowed us to create `2-D probabilistic maps' representing the space distribution of the attenuation parameters. The 2-D images obtained reveal the existence of a zone in the centre of the island characterized by the lowest attenuation effects. This effect is interpreted as highly rigid and cooled rocks. This low-attenuation region is bordered by zones of high attenuation, associated with the recent historical volcanic activity. We calculate the transport mean free path obtaining a value of around 4 km for the frequency range 6-12 Hz. This result is two orders of magnitude smaller than values calculated for the crust of the Earth. An absorption length between 10 and 14 km is associated with the average intrinsic attenuation parameter. These values, while small in the context of tectonic regions, are greater than those obtained in volcanic regions such as Vesuvius or Merapi. Such differences may be explained by the magnitude of the region of study, over three times larger than the aforementioned study areas. This also implies deeper sampling of the crust, which is evidenced by a change in the values of seismic attenuation. One important observation is that scattering attenuation dominates over the intrinsic effects, Qi being at least twice the value of Qs.

Non-Controlled Biogenic Emission of CO, H2S, NH3 and Hg0 from Lazareto's Landfill, Tenerife, Canary Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nolasco, D.; Lima, R.; Salazar, J.; Hernández, P. A.; Pérez, N. M.

2002-12-01

Landfills are important sources of contaminant gases to the surrounding environment and a significant amount of them could be released to the atmosphere through the surface environment in a diffuse form, also known as non-controlled emission of landfill gases. CH4 and CO2 are major components in landfill gases and other gas species are only present in minor amounts. Trace compounds include both inorganic and a large number of volatile organic components. The goal of this study is to evaluate the non-controlled biogenic emission of inorganic toxic gases from Lazareto's landfill. Which is located in the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, with a population of about 150,000, and is used as a Palm tree park. Lazareto's landfill has an extension of 0.22 Km2 and it is not operative since 1980. A non-controlled biogenic gas emission survey of 281 sampling sites was carried out from February tod March, 2002. Surface CO2 efflux measurements were performed by means of a portable NDIR sensor according with the accumulation chamber method. Surface CO2 efflux ranged from negligible values up to 30,600 gm-2d-1. At each sampling site, surface landfill gas samples were collected at 40 cm depth using a metallic soil probe. These gas samples were analyzed within 24 hours for major and inorganic toxic gas species by means of microGC and specific electrochemical sensors. The highest concentrations of CO, H2S, NH3 and Hg0 were 3, 20, 2,227, 0.010 ppmV, respectively. Non-controlled biogenic emission rate of CO, H2S, NH3, and Hg0 were estimated by multiplying the observed surface CO2 efflux times (Inorganic Toxic Gas)i/CO2 weight ratio at each sampling site, respectively. The highest surface inorganic toxic gas efllux rates were 699 gm-2d-1 for NH3, 81, 431 and 4 mgm-2d-1 for CO, H2S and Hg0, respectively. Taking into consideration the spatial distribution of the inorganic toxic gas efflux values as well as the extension of the landfill, the non-controlled biogenic emission of CO, H2S, NH3 and Hg0 to the atmosphere by Lazareto's landfill are 0.1, 0.9, 0.7, and 0.7 Kgd-1, respectively.

Multiteide Project: Multiparametric characterization of the activity of Teide-Pico Viejo volcanic system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Domínguez Cerdeña, Itahiza; Villasante-Marcos, Victor; Meletlidis, Stavros; Sainz-Maza, Sergio; Abella, Rafael; Torres, Pedro A.; Sánchez, Nieves; Luengo-Oroz, Natividad; José Blanco, María; García-Cañada, Laura; Pereda de Pablo, Jorge; Lamolda, Héctor; Moure, David; Del Fresno, Carmen; Finizola, Anthony; Felepto, Alicia

2017-04-01

Teide-Pico Viejo complex stands for one of the major natural volcanic hazards in the Canary Islands, due to the expected types of eruptions in the area and the high number of inhabitants in Tenerife Island. Therefore, it is necessary to have a volcanic alert system able to afford a precise assessment of the current state of the complex. For this purpose, the knowledge of the expected signals at each volcanic activity level is required. Moreover, the external effects that can affect the measurements shall be distinguished, external influences as the atmosphere are qualitatively known but have not been quantified yet. The objective of the project is to collect, analyze and jointly and continuously evaluate over time geophysical, geodetic, geochemical and meteorological data from the Teide-Pico Viejo complex and its surroundings. A continuous multiparametric network have been deployed in the area, which, together with the data provided by the Volcano Monitoring Network of the Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN) and data from other institutions will provide a comprehensive set of data with high resolution in both space and time. This multiparametric network includes a seismic array, two self-potential lines for continuous measurements, five magnetometers and two weather stations. The network will be complemented with 8 CGPS stations, one tiltmeter, 10 seismic stations, and four thermometric stations on the fumaroles of Teide volcano that IGN already manage in Tenerife. The data will be completed with the results from different repeated surveys of self potential, soil temperature and CO2 diffuse flux in several pre-established areas on top of Teide throughout the entire duration of project. During the project, new computation tools will be developed to study the correlation between the different parameters analyzed. The results obtained will characterize the possible seasonal fluctuations of each parameter and the variations related to meteorological phenomena. In addition, they will allow identifying the response of all the analyzed parameters to specific events that are traditionally studied with a single technique, such as short episodes of tremor (sporadically registered in Teide-Pico Viejo surroundings) or changes in activity of the hydrothermal system of the volcanic complex. We present here the first multiparametric results obtained from the project, including locations with the seismic array, CO2 and temperature maps of Teide fumaroles zones and magnetometric measurements.

The mass and age of the first SONG target: the red giant 46 LMi

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frandsen, S.; Fredslund Andersen, M.; Brogaard, K.; Jiang, C.; Arentoft, T.; Grundahl, F.; Kjeldsen, H.; Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.; Weiss, E.; Pallé, P.; Antoci, V.; Kjærgaard, P.; Sørensen, A. N.; Skottfelt, J.; Jørgensen, U. G.

2018-05-01

Context. The Stellar Observation Network Group (SONG) is an initiative to build a worldwide network of 1m telescopes with high-precision radial-velocity spectrographs. Here we analyse the first radial-velocity time series of a red-giant star measured by the SONG telescope at Tenerife. The asteroseismic results demonstrate a major increase in the achievable precision of the parameters for red-giant stars obtainable from ground-based observations. Reliable tests of the validity of these results are needed, however, before the accuracy of the parameters can be trusted. Aims: We analyse the first SONG time series for the star 46 LMi, which has a precise parallax and an angular diameter measured from interferometry, and therefore a good determination of the stellar radius. We use asteroseismic scaling relations to obtain an accurate mass, and modelling to determine the age. Methods: A 55-day time series of high-resolution, high S/N spectra were obtained with the first SONG telescope. We derive the asteroseismic parameters by analysing the power spectrum. To give a best guess on the large separation of modes in the power spectrum, we have applied a new method which uses the scaling of Kepler red-giant stars to 46 LMi. Results: Several methods have been applied: classical estimates, seismic methods using the observed time series, and model calculations to derive the fundamental parameters of 46 LMi. Parameters determined using the different methods are consistent within the uncertainties. We find the following values for the mass M (scaling), radius R (classical), age (modelling), and surface gravity (combining mass and radius): M = 1.09 ± 0.04M⊙, R = 7.95 ± 0.11R⊙ age t = 8.2 ± 1.9 Gy, and logg = 2.674 ± 0.013. Conclusions: The exciting possibilities for ground-based asteroseismology of solar-like oscillations with a fully robotic network have been illustrated with the results obtained from just a single site of the SONG network. The window function is still a severe problem which will be solved when there are more nodes in the network. Based on observations made with the Hertzsprung SONG telescope operated at the Spanish Observatorio del Teide on the island of Tenerife by the Aarhus and Copenhagen Universities and by the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias.

Short-term variations of diffuse CO2 emission from the summit crater of Teide volcano, Tenerife, Canary Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Melián, Gladys V.; Ocampo, Stephany; Nisbet, Andrew; McKnight, Samara; Monzón, Tania; Asensio-Ramos, María; Alonso, Mar; Rodríguez, Fátima; García-Merino, Marta; Amonte, Cecilia; Pérez, Nemesio M.

2017-04-01

Teide volcano in Tenerife, Canary Islands, is characterized by the presence of a weak fumarolic system, steamy ground, and high rates of diffuse CO2 degassing all around this area. The temperature of the fumaroles (83˚ C) corresponds to the boiling point of water at discharge conditions. Previous diffuse CO2 surveys have shown to be an important tool to detect early warnings of possible impending volcanic unrests at Tenerife Island (Melián et al., 2012; Pérez et al., 2013). During June, July and August 2016, twelve soil gas surveys were performed at the summit crater of Teide volcano in order to evaluate short-term variations of diffuse CO2 degassing pattern. Soil CO2 efflux and soil temperature were always measured at the same 38 observation sites homogeneously distributed within an area of about 6,972 m2 inside the summit crater. Soil CO2 diffuse effluxes were estimated according to the accumulation chamber method and using a non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) LICOR-820 CO2analyzer. Soil CO2 efflux values presented a range from non-detectable (˜0.5 gṡm-2ṡd-1) to 10.8 kgṡm-2ṡd-1, with an average value of 2.7 kgṡm-2ṡd-1, while soil temperature ranged from 13.1 to 83.6˚ C with a mean value of 55.6˚ C. Sequential Gaussian simulations (sGs) were used for mapping and estimate the volcanic diffuse CO2 emission at each survey. The highest values of diffuse CO2 efflux were measured along the east (>8 kgṡm-2ṡd-1) and west (>5 kgṡm-2ṡd-1) sectors of the crater. Areas with highest diffuse CO2 effluxes were also characterized by a relatively high soil temperature (>60˚ C) and by an intense hydrothermal alteration. Weekly diffuse CO2 emission variations from the summit crater during the study period showed a range between 13.5 and 24.7 tṡd-1 with an average value of 18.9 tṡd-1. During these 3 months, the seismic activity rate was about 10 seismic events per month registered by the Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN; http://www.ign.es). We compared these observed weekly variations with monthly variations of a longer period with similar seismic rate such as 2014 (about 8 seismic events per month, and values ranged from 15.6 to 22.4 tṡd-1, and an average value of 19.0 tṡd-1. These values are in the same order than the observed during our study. However, for a longer period of observation, from 1999 to 2010, diffuse CO2 emission rates varied from 2.2 to 36.3 tṡd-1, with a mean value of 15.7 tṡd-1 (Melián et al., 2012). The long-term variations observed in the diffuse CO2 emission rates during this period of 10 years were significantly higher than short-term variations observed in the period of study. It is also important to note that the volcanic-seismic crisis of 2004 occurred with an increase on the CO2 emission from Teide summit crater (Melián et al., 2012). This study shows that during periods of seismic tranquility, diffuse CO2 emission rates will not suffer significant variations, whether performed on a weekly or monthly basis. References: Melián et al., 2012. Bull. Volcanol. DOI 10.1007/s00445-012-0613-1 Pérez et al., 2013. J. Geol. Soc. DOI 10.1144/jgs2012-125 .

First high resolution P wave velocity structure beneath Tenerife Island, (Canary Islands, Spain)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Garcia-Yeguas, Araceli; Ivan, Koulakov; Ibañez Jesus, M.; Valenti, Sallarès.

2010-05-01

3D velocity structure distribution has been imaged for first time using high resolution traveltime seismic tomography of the active volcano of Tenerife Island (Canary Islands, Spain). It is located in the Atlantic Ocean. In this island is situated the Teide stratovolcano (3718 m high) that is part of the Cañadas-Teide-Pico Viejo volcanic complex. Las Cañadas is a caldera system more than 20 kilometers wide where at least four distinct caldera processes have been identified. Evidence for many explosive eruptions in the volcanic complex has been found; the last noticeable explosive eruption (sub-plinean) occurred at Montaña Blanca around 2000 years ago. During the last 300 years, six effusive eruptions have been reported, the last of which took place at Chinyero Volcano on 18 November 1909. In January 2007, a seismic active experiment was carried out as part of the TOM-TEIDEVS project. About 6850 air gun shots were fired on the sea and recorded on a dense local seismic land network consisting of 150 independent (three component) seismic stations. The good quality of the recorded data allowed identifying P-wave arrivals up to offsets of 30-40 km obtaining more than 63000 traveltimes used in the tomographic inversion. The images have been obtained using ATOM-3D code (Koulakov, 2009). This code uses ray bending algorithms in the ray tracing for the forward modelling and in the inversion step it uses gradient methods. The velocity models show a very heterogeneous upper crust that is usual in similar volcanic environment. The tomographic images points out the no-existence of a magmatic chamber near to the surface and below Pico Teide. The ancient Las Cañadas caldera borders are clearly imaged featuring relatively high seismic velocity. Moreover, we have found a big low velocity anomaly in the northwest dorsal of the island. The last eruption took place in 1909 in this area. Furthermore, in the southeast another low velocity anomaly has been imaged. Several resolution and accuracy tests were carried out to quantify the reliability of the final velocity models. Checkerboard tests show that the well-resolved are located up to 6-8 km depth. Also we carried out synthetic tests in which we successfully reproduce single anomalies observed in the velocity models. Especially we have study carefully the low velocity anomalies found in the NW and SE, which have been recovered successfully. The jack-knife technique have been used and our results are stable if we remove the 50% of the data for different stations, but if we reject all the data for some stations, the velocity models can change. These tests assure the uniqueness of the first 3D velocity model that characterizes the internal structure of the Tenerife Island. As main conclusions of our work we can remark: a) This is the first 3-D velocity image of the area; b) we have observed low velocity anomalies near to surface that could be associated to the presence of magma, water reservoirs and volcanic landslides; c) high velocity anomalies could be related to ancient volcanic episodes or basement structures; d) our results could help to resolve many questions relate to the evolution of the volcanic system, as the presence or not of big landslides, calderic explosions or others; e) this image is a very important tool to improve the knowledge of the volcanic hazard, and therefore volcanic risk. We would like to highlight the importance of take into account the risk of eruption in other areas besides Pico Teide-Las Cañadas system.

7 CFR 1530.100 - General statement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... OF AGRICULTURE THE REFINED SUGAR RE-EXPORT PROGRAM, THE SUGAR CONTAINING PRODUCTS RE-EXPORT PROGRAM... the Refined Sugar Re-Export Program, the Sugar Containing Products Re-Export Program, and the Polyhydric Alcohol Program. Under these provisions, refiners may enter raw sugar unrestricted by the...

7 CFR 1530.100 - General statement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... OF AGRICULTURE THE REFINED SUGAR RE-EXPORT PROGRAM, THE SUGAR CONTAINING PRODUCTS RE-EXPORT PROGRAM... the Refined Sugar Re-Export Program, the Sugar Containing Products Re-Export Program, and the Polyhydric Alcohol Program. Under these provisions, refiners may enter raw sugar unrestricted by the...

7 CFR 1530.100 - General statement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... OF AGRICULTURE THE REFINED SUGAR RE-EXPORT PROGRAM, THE SUGAR CONTAINING PRODUCTS RE-EXPORT PROGRAM... the Refined Sugar Re-Export Program, the Sugar Containing Products Re-Export Program, and the Polyhydric Alcohol Program. Under these provisions, refiners may enter raw sugar unrestricted by the...

7 CFR 1530.100 - General statement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... OF AGRICULTURE THE REFINED SUGAR RE-EXPORT PROGRAM, THE SUGAR CONTAINING PRODUCTS RE-EXPORT PROGRAM... the Refined Sugar Re-Export Program, the Sugar Containing Products Re-Export Program, and the Polyhydric Alcohol Program. Under these provisions, refiners may enter raw sugar unrestricted by the...

Influence of anthropogenic combustion emissions on the deposition of soluble aerosol iron to the ocean: Empirical estimates for island sites in the North Atlantic

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sholkovitz, Edward R.; Sedwick, Peter N.; Church, Thomas M.

2009-07-01

The results of several recent studies challenge the reigning paradigm that continental soil dust provides the only significant atmospheric source of dissolved iron to the surface ocean. This evidence includes correlations between the operational solubility of aerosol iron and atmospheric loadings of black carbon and aluminum-normalized vanadium and nickel, each of which are associated with emissions from the combustion of fossil fuel oil. These observations suggest that the relative solubility of aerosol iron, hence the eolian flux of soluble iron to the surface ocean, may be significantly impacted by anthropogenic oil combustion products. Using recent field data from the Bermuda region, we have developed an empirical method to estimate the solubility of aerosol iron using bulk aerosol concentrations of Fe, V and Al. We apply this method to a large body of published data from the AEROCE program for North Atlantic island sites on Tenerife, Barbados, Bermuda and Ireland, where the relative proportions of anthropogenic aerosols range from minor to major, respectively. Our aerosol iron solubility estimates suggest that anthropogenic emissions contribute approximately 70% and 85% of the annual dry deposition of soluble iron to the surface ocean near Bermuda and Ireland, respectively, implying that human activities have profoundly affected the iron budget of the North Atlantic region. The annual mean dry deposition of soluble iron at Barbados and Izana is dominated by soil dust. The anthropogenic contribution at these two sites ranges from 12% to 30% and is highly dependent on the soil dust solubility of Fe employed in the model. The low end (˜12%) estimate appears to be more representative of these high-dust sites.

A fresh look at runway incursions: onboard surface movement awareness and alerting system based on SVS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vernaleken, Christoph; Mihalic, Lamir; Güttler, Mathias; Klingauf, Uwe

2006-05-01

Increasing traffic density on the aerodrome surface due to the continuous worldwide growth in the number of flight operations does not only cause capacity and efficiency problems, but also increases the risk of serious incidents and accidents on the airport movement area. Of these, Runway Incursions are the by far most safety-critical. In fact, the worst-ever accident in civil aviation, the collision of two Boeing B747s on Tenerife in 1977 with 583 fatalities, was caused by a Runway Incursion. Therefore, various Runway Safety programs have recently been initiated around the globe, often focusing on ground-based measures such as improved surveillance. However, as a lack of flight crew situational awareness is a key causal factor in many Runway Incursion incidents and accidents, there is a strong need for an onboard solution, which should be capable of interacting cooperatively with ground-based ATM systems, such as A-SMGCS where available. This paper defines the concept of preventive and reactive Runway Incursion avoidance and describes a Surface Movement Awareness & Alerting System (SMAAS) designed to alert the flight crew if they are at risk of infringing a runway. Both the SVS flight deck displays and the corresponding alerting algorithms utilize an ED 99A/RTCA DO-272A compliant aerodrome database, as well as airport operational, traffic and clearance data received via ADS-B or other data links, respectively. The displays provide the crew with enhanced positional, operational, clearance and traffic awareness, and they are used to visualize alerts. A future enhancement of the system will provide intelligent alerting for conflicts caused by surrounding traffic.

Assessment of organic matter resistance to biodegradation in volcanic ash soils assisted by automated interpretation of infrared spectra from humic acid and whole soil samples by using partial least squares

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hernández, Zulimar; Pérez Trujillo, Juan Pedro; Hernández-Hernández, Sergio Alexander; Almendros, Gonzalo; Sanz, Jesús

2014-05-01

From a practical viewpoint, the most interesting possibilities of applying infrared (IR) spectroscopy to soil studies lie on processing IR spectra of whole soil (WS) samples [1] in order to forecast functional descriptors at high organizational levels of the soil system, such as soil C resilience. Currently, there is a discussion on whether the resistance to biodegradation of soil organic matter (SOM) depends on its molecular composition or on environmental interactions between SOM and mineral components, such could be the case with physical encapsulation of particulate SOM or organo-mineral derivatives, e.g., those formed with amorphous oxides [2]. A set of about 200 dependent variables from WS and isolated, ash free, humic acids (HA) [3] was obtained in 30 volcanic ash soils from Tenerife Island (Spain). Soil biogeochemical properties such as SOM, allophane (Alo + 1 /2 Feo), total mineralization coefficient (TMC) or aggregate stability were determined in WS. In addition, structural information on SOM was obtained from the isolated HA fractions by visible spectroscopy and analytical pyrolysis (Py-GC/MS). Aiming to explore the potential of partial least squares regression (PLS) in forecasting soil dependent variables, exclusively using the information extracted from WS and HA IR spectral profiles, data were processed by using ParLeS [4] and Unscrambler programs. Data pre-treatments should be carefully chosen: the most significant PLS models from IR spectra of HA were obtained after second derivative pre-treatment, which prevented effects of intrinsically broadband spectral profiles typical in macromolecular heterogeneous material such as HA. Conversely, when using IR spectra of WS, the best forecasting models were obtained using linear baseline correction and maximum normalization pre-treatment. With WS spectra, the most successful prediction models were obtained for SOM, magnetite, allophane, aggregate stability, clay and total aromatic compounds, whereas the PLS-model for TMC was of little significance. On the other hand, the best successful prediction models using HA spectra were for SOM, TMC, allophane content and soil fungal pigments. In these particular volcanic ash soils, with large concentration of short-range minerals, the use of WS spectra, compared to the use of HA spectra, led to predict higher number of dependent variables. This is interpreted as the fact that the information of mineral constituents may help to explain soil emergent properties (e.g., SOM resilience or hydrophysical properties). The above results coincide with previous research [2] based on classification of soil properties by multidimensional scaling, where it was demonstrated that formation of stable organomineral complexes between HA and allophane coincide with large amounts of SOM and low TMC values. [1] Viscarra Rossel, R.A., Walvoort, D.J.J., McBratney, A.B., Janik, L.J. & Skjemstad, J.O. 2006. Geoderma 131, 59-75. [2] Hernández, Z., Almendros, G. 2012. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 44, 130-142. [3] Hernández, Z. 2009. Functional study of soil organic matter in vineyards from Tenerife Island (Spain). PhD. University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid. [4] Viscarra-Rossel, R.A. 2008. Chemometrics & Intelligent Laboratory Systems 90, 72-83.

Final Report Inspection of Aged/Degraded Containments Program.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Naus, Dan J; Ellingwood, B R; Oland, C Barry

2005-09-01

The Inspection of Aged/Degraded Containments Program had primary objectives of (1) understanding the significant factors relating corrosion occurrence, efficacy of inspection, and structural capacity reduction of steel containments and liners of reinforced concrete containments; (2) providing the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) reviewers a means of establishing current structural capacity margins or estimating future residual structural capacity margins for steel containments, and concrete containments as limited by liner integrity; (3) providing recommendations, as appropriate, on information to be requested of licensees for guidance that could be utilized by USNRC reviewers in assessing the seriousness of reported incidences of containmentmore » degradation; and (4) providing technical assistance to the USNRC (as requested) related to concrete technology. Primary program accomplishments have included development of a degradation assessment methodology; reviews of techniques and methods for inspection and repair of containment metallic pressure boundaries; evaluation of high-frequency acoustic imaging, magnetostrictive sensor, electromagnetic acoustic transducer, and multimode guided plate wave technologies for inspection of inaccessible regions of containment metallic pressure boundaries; development of a continuum damage mechanics-based approach for structural deterioration; establishment of a methodology for reliability-based condition assessments of steel containments and liners; and fragility assessments of steel containments with localized corrosion. In addition, data and information assembled under this program has been transferred to the technical community through review meetings and briefings, national and international conference participation, technical committee involvement, and publications of reports and journal articles. Appendix A provides a listing of program reports, papers, and publications; and Appendix B contains a listing of program-related presentations.« less

Globules and pillars in Cygnus X. II. Massive star formation in the globule IRAS 20319+3958

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Djupvik, A. A.; Comerón, F.; Schneider, N.

2017-03-01

Globules and pillars, impressively revealed by the Spitzer and Herschel satellites, for example, are pervasive features found in regions of massive star formation. Studying their embedded stellar populations can provide an excellent laboratory to test theories of triggered star formation and the features that it may imprint on the stellar aggregates resulting from it. We studied the globule IRAS 20319+3958 in Cygnus X by means of visible and near-infrared imaging and spectroscopy, complemented with mid-infrared Spitzer/IRAC imaging, in order to obtain a census of its stellar content and the nature of its embedded sources. Our observations show that the globule contains an embedded aggregate of about 30 very young (≲1 Myr) stellar objects, for which we estimate a total mass of 90 M⊙. The most massive members are three systems containing early B-type stars. Two of them most likely produced very compact H II regions, one of them being still highly embedded and coinciding with a peak seen in emission lines characterising the photon dominated region (PDR). Two of these three systems are resolved binaries, and one of those contains a visible Herbig Be star. An approximate derivation of the mass function of the members of the aggregate gives hints of a slope at high masses shallower than the classical Salpeter slope, and a peak of the mass distribution at a mass higher than that at which the widely adopted log-normal initial mass function peaks. The emission distribution of H2 and Brγ, tracing the PDR and the ionised gas phase, respectively, suggests that molecular gas is distributed as a shell around the embedded aggregate, filled with centrally-condensed ionised gas. Both, the morphology and the low excitation of the H II region, indicate that the sources of ionisation are the B stars of the embedded aggregate, rather than the external UV field caused by the O stars of Cygnus OB2. The youth of the embedded cluster, combined with the isolation of the globule, suggests that star formation in the globule was triggered by the passage of the ionisation front. Based on observations from the Centro Astronómico Hispano Alemán (CAHA) at Calar Alto, the Nordic Optical Telescope, La Palma, and the IAC80 telescope, Tenerife.Full Table 3 is only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (http://130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/599/A37

Menu-Driven Solver Of Linear-Programming Problems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Viterna, L. A.; Ferencz, D.

1992-01-01

Program assists inexperienced user in formulating linear-programming problems. A Linear Program Solver (ALPS) computer program is full-featured LP analysis program. Solves plain linear-programming problems as well as more-complicated mixed-integer and pure-integer programs. Also contains efficient technique for solution of purely binary linear-programming problems. Written entirely in IBM's APL2/PC software, Version 1.01. Packed program contains licensed material, property of IBM (copyright 1988, all rights reserved).

Analysis of temperature and pressure distribution of containers for nuclear waste material disposal in space

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vanbibber, L. E.; Parker, W. G.

1973-01-01

A computer program was adapted from a previous generation program to analyze the temperature and internal pressure response of a radioactive nuclear waste material disposal container following impact on the earth. This program considers component melting, LiH dissociation, temperature dependent properties and pressure and container stress response. Analyses were performed for 21 cases with variations in radioactive power level, container geometry, degree of deformation of the container, degree of burial and soil properties. Results indicated that the integrity of SS-316 containers could be maintained with partial burials of either underformed or deformed containers. Results indicated that completely buried waste containers, with power levels above 5 kW, experienced creep stress rupture failures in 4 to 12 days.

Environmental Technology Verification (ETV) Program Case Studies: Demonstrating Program Outcomes, Volume III

EPA Science Inventory

This booklet, ETV Program Case Studies: Demonstrating Program Outcomes, Volume III contains two case studies, addressing verified environmental technologies for decentalized wastewater treatment and converting animal waste to energy. Each case study contains a brief description ...

Commercial Art. Florida Vocational Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

University of South Florida, Tampa. Dept. of Adult and Vocational Education.

This document contains a vocational program guide and Career Merit Achievement Plan (Career MAP) for secondary and postsecondary commercial art. The guide contains the following sections: occupational description; program content (curriculum framework and student performance standards); program implementation (student admission criteria,…

Metal Fabrication. Florida Vocational Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

University of South Florida, Tampa. Dept. of Adult and Vocational Education.

This guide identifies considerations in the organization, operation, and evaluation of secondary and postsecondary vocational education programs. It contains both a vocational program guide and Career Merit Achievement Plan (Career MAP) for metal fabrication. The guide contains the following sections: occupational description; program content…

Dental Laboratory Technology Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia Univ., Athens. Dept. of Vocational Education.

This program guide contains the standard dental laboratory technology curriculum for both diploma programs and associate degree programs in technical institutes in Georgia. The curriculum encompasses the minimum competencies required for entry-level workers in the dental laboratory technology field. The general information section contains the…

Student Assessment Handbook, 2000-2001. Georgia Statewide Student Assessment Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia State Dept. of Education, Atlanta. Office of Research, Evaluation, and Assessment.

This handbook contains information about the statewide testing programs in Georgia. These programs provide a comprehensive perspective on students' educational achievement from kindergarten through high school. This guide contains information on these statewide assessments: (1) the Georgia Kindergarten Assessment Program-Revised; (2) the…

Generic Drug Cost Containment in Medicaid: Lessons from Five State MAC Programs

PubMed Central

Abramson, Richard G.; Harrington, Catherine A.; Missmar, Raad; Li, Susan P.; Mendelson, Daniel N.

2004-01-01

In Medicaid, generic drug cost containment revolves around two programs: the Federal upper limit (FUL) program and State maximum allowable cost (MAC) programs. This article analyzes MAC programs in five States and finds considerable variation between these programs and the FUL program in both size and pricing aggressiveness. We conclude that expansion of existing MAC programs and creation of new ones could contribute to cost containment efforts nationwide. Options for States seeking to optimize their efforts include focusing on pricing for drugs with high sales volumes, ensuring that MAC lists include prices for all forms and dosages of listed drug entities, and collaborating with other States or the Federal Government on MAC list operations. PMID:15229994

49 CFR 452.7 - Continuous examination program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.7 Continuous examination program. (a) In lieu of a periodic examination under § 452.1, each owner of an approved container meeting § 450.5 may examine the container or have it examined using an approved continuous examination...

49 CFR 452.7 - Continuous examination program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.7 Continuous examination program. (a) In lieu of a periodic examination under § 452.1, each owner of an approved container meeting § 450.5 may examine the container or have it examined using an approved continuous examination...

49 CFR 452.7 - Continuous examination program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.7 Continuous examination program. (a) In lieu of a periodic examination under § 452.1, each owner of an approved container meeting § 450.5 may examine the container or have it examined using an approved continuous examination...

49 CFR 452.7 - Continuous examination program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.7 Continuous examination program. (a) In lieu of a periodic examination under § 452.1, each owner of an approved container meeting § 450.5 may examine the container or have it examined using an approved continuous examination...

49 CFR 452.7 - Continuous examination program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY APPROVAL OF CARGO CONTAINERS EXAMINATION OF CONTAINERS § 452.7 Continuous examination program. (a) In lieu of a periodic examination under § 452.1, each owner of an approved container meeting § 450.5 may examine the container or have it examined using an approved continuous examination...

Community Offender Resource Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clark County Employment and Training Office, Springfield, OH.

This guide contains a brief orientation to the Community Offender Resource Program (CORP) implemented in the Clark County Jail (Springfield, Ohio). A brief introduction describes the CORP program which contains three integrated components: counseling, career development, and family referral. Next, a need for the program is discussed, and the CORP…

FY 1998 Proposed Rail Improvement Program Supplement

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-01-01

This FY 1998 Proposed Rail Improvement Program Supplement contains those rail plan amendments which have been published subsequent to the FY 1997 Proposed Rail Improvement program supplement. This document also contains the benefit/cost methodology u...

Herpes virus infection associated with interstitial nephritis in a beaked whale (Mesoplodon densirostris)

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background The capacity for herpesvirus to cause disease in cetaceans is unclear and may be varied depending on the different conditions of individuals and between different species. Kidney pathology and intralesional virus-associated infection have been rarely reported in cetaceans. Result On April 2004, an old adult male Blainville’s beaked whale (Mesoplodon densirostris) 420 cm long with a poor body condition was stranded on Tenerife Island. During necropsy, no gross lesions were observed in the kidneys. However, membranous glomerulonephritis, multifocal interstitial lymphoplasmacytic nephritis and acute multifocal necrotizing tubulointerstitial nephritis with intranuclear inclusion bodies was diagnosed by histological analysis. Tissue samples were submitted for bacteriological analysis and molecular viral screening. Conclusion A novel alpha herpesvirus associated with interstitial nephritis was identified in an old adult male Blainville's beaked whale (M. densirostris) with a poor body condition stranded in the Canary Islands. This report suggests that identification of herpesvirus infection could be used as a differential diagnosis for interstitial nephritis in cetaceans. PMID:23237059

A lava flow simulation model for the development of volcanic hazard maps for Mount Etna (Italy)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Damiani, M. L.; Groppelli, G.; Norini, G.; Bertino, E.; Gigliuto, A.; Nucita, A.

2006-05-01

Volcanic hazard assessment is of paramount importance for the safeguard of the resources exposed to volcanic hazards. In the paper we present ELFM, a lava flow simulation model for the evaluation of the lava flow hazard on Mount Etna (Sicily, Italy), the most important active volcano in Europe. The major contributions of the paper are: (a) a detailed specification of the lava flow simulation model and the specification of an algorithm implementing it; (b) the definition of a methodological framework for applying the model to the specific volcano. For what concerns the former issue, we propose an extended version of an existing stochastic model that has been applied so far only to the assessment of the volcanic hazard on Lanzarote and Tenerife (Canary Islands). Concerning the methodological framework, we claim model validation is definitely needed for assessing the effectiveness of the lava flow simulation model. To that extent a strategy has been devised for the generation of simulation experiments and evaluation of their outcomes.

On the energy flux in acoustic waves in the solar atmosphere .

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bello González, N.; Flores Soriano, M.; Kneer, F.; Okunev, O.

The energy supply for the radiative losses of the quiet solar chromosphere is studied. Time sequences from quiet Sun disc centre were obtained with the ``Göttingen'' Fabry-Pérot spectrometer at the Vacuum Tower Telescope, Observatorio del Teide/Tenerife, in the non-magnetic Fe I 5576 Å line. The data were reconstructed with speckle methods. The velocities as measured at the line minimum were subjected to Fourier and wavelet analysis. The energy fluxes were corrected for the transmission of the solar atmosphere. We find an energy flux of ˜ 3 000 W m-2 at a height of h=250 km. Approximately 2/3 of it is carried by waves in the 5-10 mHz range, and 1/3 in the 10-20 mHz band. The waves occur predominantly above inter-granular areas. We speculate that the acoustic flux in waves with periods shorter than the acoustic cutoff period (U≈190 s) can contribute to the basal heating of the solar chromosphere, in addition to atmospheric gravity waves.

The magnetic field and the evolution of element spots on the surface of the HgMn eclipsing binary ARAur

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hubrig, S.; Savanov, I.; Ilyin, I.; González, J. F.; Korhonen, H.; Lehmann, H.; Schöller, M.; Granzer, T.; Weber, M.; Strassmeier, K. G.; Hartmann, M.; Tkachenko, A.

2010-10-01

The system ARAur is a young late B-type double-lined eclipsing binary with a primary star of HgMn peculiarity. We applied the Doppler imaging method to reconstruct the distribution of Fe and Y over the surface of the primary using spectroscopic time series obtained in 2005 and from 2008 October to 2009 February. The results show a remarkable evolution of the element distribution and overabundances. Measurements of the magnetic field with the moment technique using several elements reveal the presence of a longitudinal magnetic field of the order of a few hundred gauss in both stellar components and a quadratic field of the order of 8kG on the surface of the primary star. Based on observations obtained at the 2.56-m Nordic Optical Telescope on La Palma, the Karl-Schwarzschild-Observatorium in Tautenburg and the STELLA robotic telescope on Tenerife. E-mail: shubrig@aip.de

Ohio Entrepreneurship Education Grant Winners Showcase (Columbus, Ohio, May 11, 1988).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ohio State Univ., Columbus. National Center for Research in Vocational Education.

This publication contains over 80 descriptions of grant-winning entrepreneurship education programs offered in Ohio public schools. Each program description contains information on some or all of the following: sponsoring school(s), project title, purpose, target population, program format and content, site and time of program offering, project…

Marketing Program Outcomes: The Building Blocks of an Associate Degree Marketing Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ruhland, Sheila; Samson, Harland; Brewer, Jerrilyn; Hague, David

This document contains materials about and from an assessment of Wisconsin's associate degree marketing program. The document begins with a report containing the following: marketing program mission and vision statements; overview, conclusions, and recommendations of an assessment of marketing education needs in which recent graduates of the…

78 FR 9651 - Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Oregon: Heat Smart Program and Enforcement...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-11

... Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Oregon: Heat Smart Program and Enforcement Procedures AGENCY... submission contains revisions to the Heat Smart program and to the enforcement procedures and civil penalties... submission contains additional revisions to the Heat Smart program, along with minor revisions and...

EXCHANGE NETWORK FOR EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE BIO-SHIPPING CONTAINERS

EPA Science Inventory

Creating an exchange network for shipping containers will provide cost savings, reduce waste, and promote sustainability within the biotechnology industry. Success of this program can divert thousands of EPS containers from landfills each year. A successful pilot program wi...

Environmental Horticulture Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia Univ., Athens. Dept. of Vocational Education.

This program guide contains the standard environmental horticulture curriculum for technical institutes in Georgia. The curriculum encompasses the minimum competencies required for entry-level workers in the environmental horticulture field. The general information section contains the following: purpose and objectives; program description,…

Commercial Foods. Florida Vocational Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

University of South Florida, Tampa. Dept. of Adult and Vocational Education.

This guide identifies considerations in the organization, operation, and evaluation of secondary and postsecondary vocational education programs. It contains both a vocational program guide and Career Merit Achievement Plan (Career MAP) for commercial foods. The guide contains the following sections: occupational description; program…

Thrust Chamber Modeling Using Navier-Stokes Equations: Code Documentation and Listings. Volume 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Daley, P. L.; Owens, S. F.

1988-01-01

A copy of the PHOENICS input files and FORTRAN code developed for the modeling of thrust chambers is given. These copies are contained in the Appendices. The listings are contained in Appendices A through E. Appendix A describes the input statements relevant to thrust chamber modeling as well as the FORTRAN code developed for the Satellite program. Appendix B describes the FORTRAN code developed for the Ground program. Appendices C through E contain copies of the Q1 (input) file, the Satellite program, and the Ground program respectively.

3013/9975 Surveillance Program Interim Summary Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dunn, K.; Hackney, B.; McClard, J.

2011-06-22

The K-Area Materials Storage (KAMS) Documented Safety Analysis (DSA) requires a surveillance program to monitor the safety performance of 3013 containers and 9975 shipping packages stored in KAMS. The SRS surveillance program [Reference 1] outlines activities for field surveillance and laboratory tests that demonstrate the packages meet the functional performance requirements described in the DSA. The SRS program also supports the complexwide Integrated Surveillance Program (ISP) [Reference 2] for 3013 containers. The purpose of this report is to provide a summary of the SRS portion of the surveillance program activities through fiscal year 2010 (FY10) and formally communicate the interpretationmore » of these results by the Surveillance Program Authority (SPA). Surveillance for the initial 3013 container random sampling of the Innocuous bin and the Pressure bin has been completed and there has been no indication of corrosion or significant pressurization. The maximum pressure observed was less than 50 psig, which is well below the design pressure of 699 psig for the 3013 container [Reference 3]. The data collected during surveillance of these bins has been evaluated by the Materials Identification and Surveillance (MIS) Working Group and no additional surveillance is necessary for these bins at least through FY13. A decision will be made whether additional surveillance of these bins is needed during future years of storage and as additional containers are generated. Based on the data collected to date, the SPA concludes that 3013 containers in these bins can continue to be safely stored in KAMS. This year, 13 destructive examinations (DE) were performed on random samples from the Pressure & Corrosion bin. To date, DE has been completed for approximately 30% of the random samples from the Pressure & Corrosion bin. In addition, DE has been performed on 6 engineering judgment (EJ) containers, for a total of 17 to date. This includes one container that exceeded the 3013 Standard moisture limit which was opened at LANL. The container pieces and an oxide sample were sent to SRNL for examination in FY11. No significant pressurization has been observed for the Pressure & Corrosion bin containers. Relatively minor corrosion has been observed on some convenience containers and the inside of two inner containers. While the limited extent of corrosion does not jeopardize the integrity of the outer 3013 containers, it does highlight the importance of continuing to perform DE and the Shelf Life program to assure that the corrosion rate is not accelerating or changing to a different corrosion mechanism (e.g., stress corrosion cracking). Statistical sampling is currently scheduled to be completed in FY17, but there is a proposed reduction of the number of DE's per year for FY11 and beyond which may delay the completion date. Since 3013 containers are stored inside 9975 containers, surveillances of 9975 containers are performed in conjunction with 3013 container surveillances. Results of 9975 container nondestructive examinations (NDEs) and DEs indicate that the containers will provide adequate protection of the 3013 containers in K-Area storage for at least 15 years [Reference 4].« less

Monitoring fugitive CH4 and CO2 emissions from a closed landfill at Tenerife, Canary Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Asensio-Ramos, María; Tompkins, Mitchell R. K.; Turtle, Lara A. K.; García-Merino, Marta; Amonte, Cecilia; Rodrígez, Fátima; Padrón, Eleazar; Melián, Gladys V.; Padilla, Germán; Barrancos, José; Pérez, Nemesio M.

2017-04-01

Solid waste must be managed systematically to ensure environmental best practices. One of the ways to manage this huge problem is to systematic dispose waste materials in locations such as landfills. However, landfills could face possible threats to the environment such as groundwater pollution and the release of landfill gases (CH4, volatile organic compounds, etc.) to the atmosphere. These structures should be carefully filled, monitored and maintained while they are active and for up to 30 years after they are closed. Even after years of being closed, a systematically amount of landfill gas could be released to the atmosphere through its surface in a diffuse and fugitive form. During the period 1999-2016, we have studied the spatial-temporal distribution of the surface fugitive emission of CO2 and CH4 into the atmosphere in a cell in the Arico's municipal landfill (0.3 km2) at Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. This cell was operative until 2004, when it was filled and closed. Monitoring these diffuse landfill emissions provides information of how the closed landfill is degassing. To do so, we have performed 9 gas emission surveys during the period 1999-2016. Surface landfill CO2 efflux measurements were carried out at around 450 sampling site by means of a portable non-dispersive infrared spectrophotometer (NDIR) model LICOR Li800 following the accumulation chamber method. Landfill gases taken in the chamber were analyzed using a double channel VARIAN 4900 micro-GC. CH4 efflux measurements were computed combining CO2 efflux measurements and CH4/CO2 ratio in the landfill's surface gas. To quantify the total CH4 emission, CH4 efflux contour map was constructed using sequential Gaussian simulation (sGs) as interpolation method. In general, a decrease in the CO2 emission is observed since the cell was closed (2004) to the present. The total CO2 and CH4 diffuse emissions estimated in the 2016 survey were 4.54 ± 0.14 t d-1 and 268.65 ± 17.99 t d-1, respectively. These types of studies provide knowledge of how a landfill degasses and serves to public and private entities to establish effective systems for extraction of biogas. This aims not only to achieve higher levels of controlled gas release from landfills resulting in a higher level of energy production but also will contribute to minimize air pollution caused by them.

Spot evolution on the red giant star XX Triangulum. A starspot-decay analysis based on time-series Doppler imaging

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Künstler, A.; Carroll, T. A.; Strassmeier, K. G.

2015-06-01

Context. Solar spots appear to decay linearly proportional to their size. The decay rate of solar spots is directly related to magnetic diffusivity, which itself is a key quantity for the length of a magnetic-activity cycle. Is a linear spot decay also seen on other stars, and is this in agreement with the large range of solar and stellar activity cycle lengths? Aims: We investigate the evolution of starspots on the rapidly-rotating (Prot≈24 d) K0 giant XX Tri, using consecutive time-series Doppler images. Our aim is to obtain a well-sampled movie of the stellar surface over many years, and thereby detect and quantify a starspot decay law for further comparison with the Sun. Methods: We obtained continuous high-resolution and phase-resolved spectroscopy with the 1.2-m robotic STELLA telescope on Tenerife over six years, and these observations are ongoing. For each observing season, we obtained between 5 to 7 independent Doppler images, one per stellar rotation, making up a total of 36 maps. All images were reconstructed with our line-profile inversion code iMap. A wavelet analysis was implemented for denoising the line profiles. To quantify starspot area decay and growth, we match the observed images with simplified spot models based on a Monte Carlo approach. Results: It is shown that the surface of XX Tri is covered with large high-latitude and even polar spots and with occasional small equatorial spots. Just over the course of six years, we see a systematically changing spot distribution with various timescales and morphology, such as spot fragmentation and spot merging as well as spot decay and formation. An average linear decay of D = -0.022 ± 0.002 SH/day is inferred. We found evidence of an active longitude in phase toward the (unseen) companion star. Furthermore, we detect a weak solar-like differential rotation with a surface shear of α = 0.016 ± 0.003. From the decay rate, we determine a turbulent diffusivity of ηT = (6.3 ± 0.5) × 1014 cm2/s and predict a magnetic activity cycle of ≈26 ± 6 yr. Finally, we present a short movie of the spatially resolved surface of XX Tri. Based on data obtained with the STELLA robotic telescopes in Tenerife, an AIP facility jointly operated with IAC.Appendices and the movie are available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org

On the structure and dynamics of Ellerman bombs. Detailed study of three events and modelling of Hα

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bello González, N.; Danilovic, S.; Kneer, F.

2013-09-01

Aims: We study the structure and dynamics of three Ellerman bombs (EBs) observed in an evolving active region. Methods: The active region NOAA 11271 was observed with the Vacuum Tower Telescope at Observatorio del Teide/Tenerife on August 18, 2011. We used the two-dimensional Triple Etalon SOlar Spectrometer (TESOS) to obtain time sequences of the active region and of EBs in Hα at a cadence of 15 s. Simultaneously, we obtained full Stokes profiles with the Tenerife Infrared Polarimeter (TIP II) in the two magnetically sensitive Fe i infrared lines (IR) at 1.56 μ, scanning spatial sections of the area with cadences of 28-46 s. The Hα data were reconstructed with speckle methods to study the evolution of the atmospheric stratification. Two methods were used to extract magnetic field information from the IR Stokes profiles: 1) fitting of the (Q,U,V) profiles by Gaussians; and 2) applying the Milne-Eddington approximation, assuming two separate magnetic structures in the resolution element and fitting by trial and error some profiles from the EB areas. Data from SDO-HMI and -AIA were also used. We performed two-dimensional (2D) non-LTE radiative transfer calculations of Hα in parameterised models of EBs. Results: The three EBs studied in detail occurred in a complex active region near sunspots. They were very bright with a factor of 1.5-2.8 brighter than the nearby area. They lived for 1/2 h and longer. They were related to broadband faculae, but the latter were not the brightest features in the field of view. The EBs occurred in magnetic field configurations with opposite polarity close together. One EB was located at the outskirts of a penumbra of a complex sunspot and showed repeated "flaring" in SDO-AIA data. Another was close to a strong field patch and moved into this during the end of its lifetime. The third EB showed clear changes of field structure during the time it was observed. We obtained from the 2D modelling that heating and increase in Hα opacity are likely to occur at heights of 300-800 km. Line shifts and asymmetries can well be reproduced by velocities at these heights and also at much larger heights. Conclusions: The three EBs occurred at sites with magnetic fields of opposite polarity, which were likely the cause of the Hα brightening upon reconnection.

The 0.57 Ma plinian eruption of the Granadilla Member, Tenerife (Canary Islands): an example of complexity in eruption dynamics and evolution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bryan, S. E.; Cas, R. A. F.; Martí, J.

2000-12-01

The Granadilla Member is one of the most widely dispersed and largest volume pyroclastic units at Tenerife (Canary Islands) and represents the culminating eruption to a second cycle of explosive volcanism of the Las Cañadas edifice. The member, dated at 0.57 Ma, comprises a plinian fall deposit, the Granadilla pumice, which is overlain by ignimbrite up to 30 m thick. The Granadilla pumice is up to 9 m thick approximately 10 km from source (Pyle bt value is 5.35 km), and is subdivided into four fall units. Unit 1 is up to 1.2 m thick and is further divisible into another four pumice fall subunits, based on bedding and grainsize differences. Unit 2 is a thin but distinctive ash layer (˜2 cm thick), and its wide dispersal (>550 km2), constant thickness, planar laminations and ash aggregate textures collectively indicate a phreatoplinian fall origin. The lithic-rich nature and abundance of unaltered lithic fragments reflect magma interaction with aquifer-derived water at depth. Unit 3 (≤1.8 m thick), records a reversal to dry plinian eruptive activity. Unit 4, the thickest of the fall units (up to 6.3 m thick), records the maximum dispersal and intensity of the eruption (Pyle bt and bc values are 5.7 and 6.3 km, respectively), best illustrated by the presence of large pumice bombs up to 30 cm diameter (at distances up to 20 km from vent), and reverse grading of lithic and pumice clasts. The widespread (>500 km2), nonwelded and pumice-rich Granadilla ignimbrite (unit 5) records the collapse of the plinian eruption column. The ignimbrite has a simple sheet-like geometry, but exhibits a complex internal stratigraphy. The base of the ignimbrite locally cuts down through the underlying Granadilla pumice removing it entirely, indicating up to 9 m of erosion by the pyroclastic flows. A coarse, vent-derived lithic breccia horizon towards the top of the ignimbrite is interpreted to record the onset of caldera collapse late in the eruption. Minimum volume estimates for the Granadilla pumice and ignimbrite are 5.2 and 5 km3, respectively. The dispersal area, deposit characteristics, and exponential thickness and clast size decay relationships with (isopach area)1/2 are consistent with dispersal and fallout from the umbrella region of a moderately high (˜17 to ≥25 km) plinian column. We propose that the eruption involved two vents, probably aligned along a NE-SW fissure within the Las Cañadas caldera.

Crustal and Upper Mantle Structure Beneath the Canary Islands From Teleseismic Receiver Functions.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lodge, A.; Nippress, S. E.; Rietbrock, A.

2007-12-01

The Canary Islands are situated in the North Atlantic Ocean, <200km west of Morocco, Africa. The islands are volcanic ocean islands, associated with the classic hot spot characteristic combination of bathymetric, gravity and geoid anomalies. However, unlike the classic hot spot location of Hawaii, the archipelago is located on a slow moving plate, showing more similarities to the Cape Verde Islands, but unlike both Hawaii and Cape Verde, the Canary Islands are close to the continental shelf. The aims of this work are to provide seismic constraints on the structure beneath the Canary Islands to determine whether this structure indicates a clear age progression across the archipelago as observed at Cape Verde and to determine whether deeper structure may illuminate the source of the hot spot features. To take a transect through the Canary Islands using receiver function analysis, we re-analysed broadband data from the MIDSEA project station (available through IRIS), CDLV on Lanzarote (1999-2001), but apply the multiple- taper spectral correlation estimate for receiver function calculation. We also analysed broadband data from the IRIS Network station of TBT from La Palma (1993-1996). Additionally we also use data from a short period seismic network consisting of 150 short period stations installed for 2 weeks as part of the TOM-TEIDEVS project on the island of Tenerife. Only 1 teleseismic event suitable for receiver function analysis was recorded during this period. Initially an average of all events was to be used for modelling, but significant differences in receiver function shape between different areas of the island, suggested separate stacks for different regions was more appropriate. Initial forward modelling for the average azimuthal stack for CDLV, supports earlier receiver function work that indicates a crust thickened up to ~20km depth, but no evidence of a continental like structure. The average azimuthal stack for TBT shows few details, but when events are grouped by back azimuth and stacked, significant differences in shape are observed. Comparison of the tangential components for different back azimuths, suggests the existence of dipping and/or anisotropic layers. Forward modelling for a stack of data from the caldera in Tenerife, indicates no crustal thickening. This suggests a relationship between crustal thickening and age across the archipelago. Further analysis and application of grid search methods will reveal the structure beneath each of the islands in more detail and indicate whether a thermal or a compositional origin is more appropriate for the islands.

Commercial Vehicle Driving. Florida Vocational Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

University of South Florida, Tampa. Dept. of Adult and Vocational Education.

This guide identifies considerations in the organization, operation, and evaluation of secondary and postsecondary vocational education programs. It contains both a vocational program guide and Career Merit Achievement Plan (Career MAP) for commercial vehicle driving. The guide contains the following sections: occupational description; program…

GERTS GQ User's Manual.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Akiba, Y.; And Others

This user's manual for the simulation program Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique (GERT) GQ contains sections on nodes, branches, program input description and format, and program output, as well as examples. Also included is a programmer's manual which contains information on scheduling, subroutine descriptions, COMMON Variables, and…

Precision Metal Fabrication. Florida Vocational Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

University of South Florida, Tampa. Dept. of Adult and Vocational Education.

This guide identifies considerations in the organization, operation, and evaluation of secondary and postsecondary vocational education programs. It contains both a vocational program guide and Career Merit Achievement Plan (Career MAP) for precision metal fabrication. The guide contains the following sections: occupational description; program…

A Guide to Business Course Competencies. The Business Program in Virginia.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henrico County Public Schools, Glen Allen, VA. Virginia Vocational Curriculum and Resource Center.

This curriculum guide was developed as a model for schools in Virginia to prepare local programs of studies in business education. The Business Program contains 21 courses plus a 4-year sequence of courses for office specialist and a local option for students with disabilities. This guide contains an overview of the Business Program, information…

Herbaspirillum canariense sp. nov., Herbaspirillum aurantiacum sp. nov. and Herbaspirillum soli sp. nov., isolated from volcanic mountain soil, and emended description of the genus Herbaspirillum.

PubMed

Carro, Lorena; Rivas, Raúl; León-Barrios, Milagros; González-Tirante, María; Velázquez, Encarna; Valverde, Angel

2012-06-01

Three Gram-negative, motile and slightly curved rod-shaped bacteria, strains SUEMI03(T), SUEMI08(T) and SUEMI10(T), were isolated from an old volcanic mountain soil on Tenerife (Canary Islands). The three strains were related phylogenetically to Herbaspirillum seropedicae. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity was 99.2-99.6 % among strains SUEMI03(T), SUEMI08(T) and SUEMI10(T), which presented 97.5, 97.8 and 97.7 % identity, respectively, with respect to H. seropedicae DSM 6445(T). The three strains grew optimally in TSB at 28 °C and contained summed features 3 (C(16:1)ω6c and/or C(16:1)ω7c) and 8 (C(18:1)ω6c and/or C(18:1)ω7c) and C(16:0) as major cellular fatty acids. The DNA G+C contents of strains SUEMI03(T), SUEMI08(T) and SUEMI10(T) were 61.6, 60.4 and 61.9 mol%, respectively. Strains SUEMI03(T), SUEMI08(T) and SUEMI10(T) presented less than 60 % interstrain DNA relatedness and less than 30 % relatedness with respect to H. seropedicae DSM 6445(T). In spite of their common geographical origin, the three strains isolated in this study presented several phenotypic differences, presenting phenotypic profiles highly divergent from that of H. seropedicae. Therefore, we propose that the strains isolated in this study represent three novel species of the genus Herbaspirillum, named Herbaspirillum canariense sp. nov. (type strain SUEMI03(T) = LMG 26151(T) = CECT 7838(T)), Herbaspirillum aurantiacum sp. nov. (type strain SUEMI08(T) = LMG 26150(T) = CECT 7839(T)) and Herbaspirillum soli sp. nov. (type strain SUEMI10(T) = LMG 26149(T) = CECT 7840(T)).

7 CFR 246.16a - Infant formula cost containment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS SPECIAL SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION PROGRAM FOR WOMEN, INFANTS AND CHILDREN State Agency Provisions § 246.16a Infant formula cost containment. (a) Who must use cost... 7 Agriculture 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Infant formula cost containment. 246.16a Section 246...

7 CFR 246.16a - Infant formula cost containment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS SPECIAL SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION PROGRAM FOR WOMEN, INFANTS AND CHILDREN State Agency Provisions § 246.16a Infant formula cost containment. (a) Who must use cost... 7 Agriculture 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Infant formula cost containment. 246.16a Section 246...

40 CFR 282.89 - Rhode Island State-Administered Program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Program. 282.89 Section 282.89 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID... less than or equal to 1,100 gallons containing motor fuels for non-consumptive use. (B) Rhode Island... or equal to 1,100 gallons containing motor fuels for non-commercial use and for tanks containing...

40 CFR 282.89 - Rhode Island State-Administered Program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Program. 282.89 Section 282.89 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID... less than or equal to 1,100 gallons containing motor fuels for non-consumptive use. (B) Rhode Island... or equal to 1,100 gallons containing motor fuels for non-commercial use and for tanks containing...

40 CFR 282.89 - Rhode Island State-Administered Program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Program. 282.89 Section 282.89 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID... less than or equal to 1,100 gallons containing motor fuels for non-consumptive use. (B) Rhode Island... or equal to 1,100 gallons containing motor fuels for non-commercial use and for tanks containing...

7 CFR 1530.103 - License eligibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... OF AGRICULTURE THE REFINED SUGAR RE-EXPORT PROGRAM, THE SUGAR CONTAINING PRODUCTS RE-EXPORT PROGRAM, AND THE POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL PROGRAM § 1530.103 License eligibility. (a) A raw cane sugar refiner, a manufacturer of sugar containing products, or a producer of certain polyhydric alcohols, that owns and operates...

Commercial Foods and Culinary Arts. Florida Vocational Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

University of South Florida, Tampa. Dept. of Adult and Vocational Education.

This guide identifies considerations in the organization, operation, and evaluation of secondary and postsecondary vocational education programs. It contains both a vocational program guide and Career Merit Achievement Plan (Career MAP) for commercial foods and culinary arts. The guide contains the following sections: occupational description;…

7 CFR 1530.103 - License eligibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... OF AGRICULTURE THE REFINED SUGAR RE-EXPORT PROGRAM, THE SUGAR CONTAINING PRODUCTS RE-EXPORT PROGRAM, AND THE POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL PROGRAM § 1530.103 License eligibility. (a) A raw cane sugar refiner, a manufacturer of sugar containing products, or a producer of certain polyhydric alcohols, that owns and operates...

Apparatuses and Methods for Producing Runtime Architectures of Computer Program Modules

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abi-Antoun, Marwan Elia (Inventor); Aldrich, Jonathan Erik (Inventor)

2013-01-01

Apparatuses and methods for producing run-time architectures of computer program modules. One embodiment includes creating an abstract graph from the computer program module and from containment information corresponding to the computer program module, wherein the abstract graph has nodes including types and objects, and wherein the abstract graph relates an object to a type, and wherein for a specific object the abstract graph relates the specific object to a type containing the specific object; and creating a runtime graph from the abstract graph, wherein the runtime graph is a representation of the true runtime object graph, wherein the runtime graph represents containment information such that, for a specific object, the runtime graph relates the specific object to another object that contains the specific object.

28 CFR 90.104 - What must the grant program application contain?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... contain? 90.104 Section 90.104 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) VIOLENCE AGAINST... Office of the Office of Justice Programs. The Violence Against Women Office of the Office of Justice... Justice Programs, 810 Seventh Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20531. Telephone: (202) 307-6026. (b...

Vocational Agriculture I Basic Core. Section C--Supervised Experience Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oklahoma State Board of Vocational and Technical Education, Stillwater. Curriculum and Instructional Materials Center.

This curriculum guide contains five units teaching preservice vocational teachers to conduct supervised experience programs. Each unit contains an objective (e.g., "After completing this unit, the student should be able to choose and plan supervised occupational experience programs"); specific objectives (e.g., "State reasons for…

Open Letter Regarding the University of Minnesota's Program on Human Sexuality and Sexual Attitude Reassessment Seminars

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hunt, William C.; Nelson, James

1976-01-01

This article contains a letter which questions the value and ethics of the Program on Human Sexuality (University of Minnesota) and also contains the response to the letter by a member of the Theological-Ethical Task Force which sponsors the program. (Author)

Pre-Engineering Program. Introduction to Engineering. Advanced Engineering.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henrico County Public Schools, Glen Allen, VA. Virginia Vocational Curriculum and Resource Center.

This guide contains information and hands-on activities to guide students through the problem-solving process needed in engineering (problem solving, presentation, and impact analysis) and information to help the instructor manage the program or courses in Virginia. Following an introduction, the guide contains a program description that supplies…

77 FR 36277 - Academic Development of a Training Program for Good Laboratory Practices in High Containment...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-18

... requirements in high and maximum biocontainment, scientists working in this environment and FDA staff who will...] Academic Development of a Training Program for Good Laboratory Practices in High Containment Environments... Containment Environments (U24).'' In this FOA, FDA announces its intention to accept and consider a single...

Developing International Education Programs. New Directions for Community Colleges, Number 70.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greenfield, Richard K., Ed.

1990-01-01

Designed to assist community colleges in moving from a rhetorical and general interest in international education to a practical and effective international education program, this monograph contains 11 essays which discuss ways of developing reasonably effective programs. This book contains the following articles: (1) "Lessons from the Past in…

Innovations in Teaching 1973. Abstracts of the Hilroy Fellowship Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Canadian Teachers' Federation, Ottawa (Ontario).

This booklet contains abstracts of projects undertaken through the Hilroy Fellowship Program in Canada for the year 1973. The stated aim of the program is to encourage and reward classroom teachers who are developing new ideas for the improvement of teaching practices. The booklet contains 22 abstracts which cover projects dealing with educational…

Blueprint Reading. Courseware Evaluation for Vocational and Technical Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Turner, Gordon; And Others

This courseware evaluation rates the Blueprint Reading program developed by the Iowa Department of Public Instruction. (The program--not contained in this document--is self-paced and contains review questions to supplement instruction in blueprint reading and mechanical drawing.) Part A describes the program in terms of subject area (fractions,…

The Software Line-up: What Reviewers Look for When Evaluating Software.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

ELECTRONIC Learning, 1982

1982-01-01

Contains a check list to aid teachers in evaluating software used in computer-assisted instruction on microcomputers. The evaluation form contains three sections: program description, program evaluation, and overall evaluation. A brief description of a software evaluation program in use at the Granite School District in Utah is included. (JJD)

Implementation Practices of Bilingual Education Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ortiz, Flora Ida

The ethnographic study investigated the implementation practices of a bilingual education program. A school site containing factors which were determined to be prevalent across Title VII programs was selected from over 300 Title VII sites. In addition, the school also contained a local student population, i.e., no one was bused from elsewhere; two…

Up from Dependency: A New National Public Assistance Strategy. Supplement 1: The National Public Assistance System. Volume 3: A Compendium of Public Assistance Programs; Major Federal Health, Service, Employment, and Education Programs, Other Federal and State Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Interagency Low Income Opportunity Advisory Board, Washington, DC.

This volume contains the second half of part 1 of a 4-part compendium of information about low income assistance programs plus the remaining 3 parts of the compendium. Part 1 contains detailed information about 59 major federally supported public assistance programs, each of which annually spent over $20 million in fiscal year 1985, and applied a…

Recommendations for Cost Containment for Florida Community Colleges Health Insurance Programs. A Research Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nickens, John M.; Trofholz, Harlan F.

This report provides a discussion of strategies for containing the costs of health insurance programs offered at Florida's community colleges. Introductory material outlines the problem of spiralling health care costs and the impact upon the community colleges. In addition, some of the strategies for containing costs are discussed; e.g.,…

Graduate Program Scheduling Gains Flexibility through Container Courses: A Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rose, Richard

2011-01-01

Online course delivery makes possible one innovation which can provide each student with greater program flexibility as well as some personal ownership of the direction and pace of his degree progress. This concept can be called the "container course." A container course is the offering of more than one course simultaneously under a single course…

40 CFR 270.300 - What container information must I keep at my facility?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) EPA ADMINISTERED PERMIT PROGRAMS: THE HAZARDOUS WASTE PERMIT PROGRAM... containers holding ignitable or reactive wastes) and 40 CFR 267.175(c) (location of incompatible wastes in...

Energy materials coordinating committee (EMACC) Fiscal Year 1980. Annual technical report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

1980-01-01

This report contains information on the FY 1980 Department of Energy materials research and development programs and on those programs/projects with a significant materials activity. It was compiled by the Energy Materials Coordinating Committee (EMaCC). The previous report in this series summarized the FY 1979 programs (DOE/US-0002-2). The report is separated into sections, each containing programs reporting to one of six Assistant Secretaries of the Department: Conservation and Solar Energy, Defense Programs, Environment, Fossil Energy, Nuclear Energy, and Resource Applications; and one section, Energy Research, responsible to the Director of the Office of Energy Research. For convenience in locating themore » generic types of materials activities, an Appendix has been added that contains a primary keyword index.« less

Linear combination reading program for capture gamma rays

USGS Publications Warehouse

Tanner, Allan B.

1971-01-01

This program computes a weighting function, Qj, which gives a scalar output value of unity when applied to the spectrum of a desired element and a minimum value (considering statistics) when applied to spectra of materials not containing the desired element. Intermediate values are obtained for materials containing the desired element, in proportion to the amount of the element they contain. The program is written in the BASIC language in a format specific to the Hewlett-Packard 2000A Time-Sharing System, and is an adaptation of an earlier program for linear combination reading for X-ray fluorescence analysis (Tanner and Brinkerhoff, 1971). Following the program is a sample run from a study of the application of the linear combination technique to capture-gamma-ray analysis for calcium (report in preparation).

Educators' Curriculum Guide. Quality Assurance and Animal Care: Youth Education Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Busboom, Jan R.; Newman, Jerry A.; Shulaw, William P.; Jeffreys, J. Bradford

This curriculum guide contains a six-unit, two-level program combining animal science and veterinary care for youth club leaders and members in grades three through twelve. The Facilitator and Educator/Leader Introductions describe the program, the goals, and the students who will participate. The six lesson plans contain what the lesson is about,…

Selection of 3013 Containers for Field Surveillance. Fiscal Year 2016 Update

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kelly, Elizabeth J.; Berg, John M.; Cheadle, Jesse

2016-04-19

This update is the eighth in a series of reports that document the binning and sample selection of 3013 containers for the Field Surveillance program as part of the Integrated Surveillance Program. This report documents changes made to both the container binning assignments and the sample selection approach. Binning changes documented in this update are a result of changes to the prompt gamma calibration curves and the reassignment of a small number of Hanford items from the Pressure bin to the Pressure and Corrosion (P&C) bin. Field Surveillance sample selection changes are primarily a result of focusing future destructive examinationsmore » (DEs) on the potential for stress corrosion cracking in higher moisture containers in the P&C bin. The decision to focus the Field Surveillance program on higher moisture items is based on findings from both the Shelf-life testing program and DEs.« less

A new climate index controlling winter wave activity along the Atlantic coast of Europe: The West Europe Pressure Anomaly

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castelle, Bruno; Dodet, Guillaume; Masselink, Gerd; Scott, Tim

2017-02-01

A pioneering and replicable method based on a 66-year numerical weather and wave hindcast is developed to optimize a climate index based on the sea level pressure (SLP) that best explains winter wave height variability along the coast of western Europe, from Portugal to UK (36-52°N). The resulting so-called Western Europe Pressure Anomaly (WEPA) is based on the sea level pressure gradient between the stations Valentia (Ireland) and Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Canary Islands). The WEPA positive phase reflects an intensified and southward shifted SLP difference between the Icelandic low and the Azores high, driving severe storms that funnel high-energy waves toward western Europe southward of 52°N. WEPA outscores by 25-150% the other leading atmospheric modes in explaining winter-averaged significant wave height, and even by a largest amount the winter-averaged extreme wave heights. WEPA is also the only index capturing the 2013/2014 extreme winter that caused widespread coastal erosion and flooding in western Europe.

Respiratory fluxes in a Canary Islands pine forest.

PubMed

Wieser, Gerhard; Gruber, Andreas; Bahn, Michael; Catalá, Enrique; Carrillo, Estefanía; Jiménez, Maria Soledad; Morales, Domingo

2009-03-01

We estimated component and whole-ecosystem CO(2) efflux (R(ECO)) in a Pinus canariensis Chr. Sm. ex DC stand in Tenerife, Canary Islands, an ecotone with strong seasonal changes in soil water availability. From November 2006 to February 2008, we measured foliage, stem and soil CO(2) efflux by chamber techniques. Site-specific CO(2) efflux models obtained from these chamber measurements were then combined with half-hourly measurements of canopy, stem and soil temperature as well as soil water potential, leaf and stem surface area data for scaling up component-specific CO(2) efflux to R(ECO). Integrated over an entire year, R(ECO) was 938 g of C m(-2) in 2007 and comprised the following component fluxes: 77% from soil, 11% from stems and 12% from foliage. Whole-ecosystem CO(2) efflux varied markedly throughout the year. During the cold and wet season, R(ECO) generally followed the seasonal trends in temperature, and during the warm and dry summer, however, R(ECO) was significantly reduced because of limited soil water availability in the main rooting horizon.

Following solar activity with geomagnetic and cosmic-ray ground-based stations in the Iberian Peninsula region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Villasante-Marcos, Victor; José Blanco, Juan; Miquel Torta, Joan; Catalán, Manuel; Ribeiro, Paulo; Morozova, Anna; Tordesillas, José Manuel; Solé, Germán; Gomis-Moreno, Almudena

2016-04-01

The Iberian Peninsula is located in the South-West of Europe between 36°00' N and 43°47' N and between 9°29' W and 3°19' E. There are four Geomagnetic Observatories currently operative in this area devoted to the observation of the Earth's magnetic field: Observatori de l'Ebre (NE Spain); Observatorio de San Pablo de los Montes (central Spain); Observatorio de San Fernando (southern Spain); Observatório de Coimbra (central Portugal); plus another one, Observatorio de Güímar, in Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain). There is also one neutron monitor located in Guadalajara (central Spain; 40°38' N, 3°9' W at 708 m asl) continuously measuring the arrival of cosmic rays to the Earth's surface. In this work we show combined observations of these six stations during events caused by solar activity. We analyze them looking for differences that could imply extremely local effects caused by the response of the Earth's magnetosphere and ionosphere to solar activity.

A multisystemic Acanthamoeba infection in a dog in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.

PubMed

Valladares, María; Reyes-Batlle, María; Mora-Peces, Inmaculada; Martín-Navarro, Carmen M; López-Arencibia, Atteneri; Dorta-Gorrín, Alexis; Comyn-Afonso, Estefanía; Martínez-Carretero, Enrique; Maciver, Sutherland K; Piñero, José E; Valladares, Basilio; Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob

2014-10-15

A 22-month-old male Spanish water dog was hospitalized after its physical examination revealed fever and movement difficulty. After 24h, the dog was found to have a high fever (39.5 °C) and was treated empirically with doxycycline/ciprofloxacin. At 48 h, after submission the fever rose to 41 °C and the animal presented with a stiff neck and dehydration. Peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were sampled and trophozoites with an Acanthamoeba-like morphology were observed in the CSF. PCR specific for Acanthamoeba, Naegleria fowleri and Balamuthia mandrillaris were performed and the CSF sample found positive for Acanthamoeba. Lungs, kidney, liver and spleen samples were collected post mortem. All collected organ samples were positive for Acanthamoeba by PCR, thus confirming a multisystemic infection. Water samples taken at a suspected site of infection yielded an almost identical PCR fragment to those of the clinical samples, indicating that this was probably where the infection originated. This is the first report of a fatal case of Acanthamoeba disseminated infection in a dog in Spain. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A new approach to triggering mechanism of volcano landslides based on zeta potential and surface free energy balance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plaza, I.; Ontiveros-Ortega, A.; Calero, J.; Romero, C.

2018-01-01

The layers of Almagre (iron-rich deposits) from Tenerife Island are the result of thermal metamorphism of soils in contact with lava flow (1073-1273 K). These layers of small thickness relative to the basaltic wash, are interesting for geotechnical study, because the stability of the deposits is determined by the weakest element, in this case Almagre, which acts as a sliding plane. The flow of maritime air over the hillsides of the volcanic islands increases the content of cations in ashes deposits. This modifies the superficial properties of material that composes the substratum. This modification affects the retention of water and the cohesion of material making up the deposit. The results show that the presence of sodium and magnesium increased the hydrophobicity of the material, which had a weak water retention capacity and strong cohesion at basic pH. When there is iron in solution, repulsion between the particles is greater than one obtained with other studied electrolytes. Hence, the deposit is less stable, and Almagre under saturated water conditions constitutes an ideal layer for landslides.

Activity concentrations and mean annual effective dose of foodstuffs on the island of Tenerife, Spain.

PubMed

Hernández, F; Hernández-Armas, J; Catalán, A; Fernández-Aldecoa, J C; Landeras, M I

2004-01-01

A total of 26 different food types and 12 elaborated diets were analysed by low-level gamma spectrometry to measure their content of 238U(234Th), 228Ra(228Ac), 226Ra(214Pb), 210Pb, 137Cs and 40K. The concentrations of these radionuclides measured in some imported foodstuffs were compared with those measured in some locally produced ones. Moreover, the concentrations found in the analysed foodstuffs and composite diets were compared with the data available in literature from other locations, such as Egypt, Brazil, Poland and Hong Kong. 40K contributed highest to the daily dose produced by the intake of comestibles. The largest 40K concentrations were measured in the chickpeas and beans with 380 +/- 30 and 380 +/- 20 Bq kg(-1) fresh weights, respectively. The artificial radionuclide 137Cs was measured only above detection limits in the potatoes and sweet potatoes. A mean annual effective dose of 362 microSv with a standard deviation of 110 microSv was calculated from the composite diets.

Lead dietary intake in a Spanish population (Canary Islands).

PubMed

Rubio, Carmen; González-Iglesias, Tomás; Revert, Consuelo; Reguera, Juan I; Gutiérrez, Angel J; Hardisson, Arturo

2005-08-10

For most people diet is the main route of exposure to trace metals, so information about dietary intake is also important to assess risks to human health for these elements. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of Pb in the foods and drinks of highest consumption in the authors' our community to estimate daily intakes of Pb for each of the seven Canary Islands. Four hundred and twenty samples were analyzed using GFAAS. The total Pb intake of the Canarian population is 72.8 microg/day, 29.12% (for a person of 70 kg body weight) of the provisional tolerable weekly intake limit of 25 microg/kg fixed by the FAO/WHO. The island that presents the highest lead intake is La Gomera, followed by Lanzarote, Tenerife, and Gran Canaria islands. These four islands present a lead dietary intake over the mean Pb intake for the whole archipelago. The islands with lower Pb intakes are La Palma and Fuerteventura, with intakes under 70 microg/day. These results have also been compared with the values found for other national and international communities.

Adaption of an array spectroradiometer for total ozone column retrieval using direct solar irradiance measurements in the UV spectral range

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zuber, Ralf; Sperfeld, Peter; Riechelmann, Stefan; Nevas, Saulius; Sildoja, Meelis; Seckmeyer, Gunther

2018-04-01

A compact array spectroradiometer that enables precise and robust measurements of solar UV spectral direct irradiance is presented. We show that this instrument can retrieve total ozone column (TOC) accurately. The internal stray light, which is often the limiting factor for measurements in the UV spectral range and increases the uncertainty for TOC analysis, is physically reduced so that no other stray-light reduction methods, such as mathematical corrections, are necessary. The instrument has been extensively characterised at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) in Germany. During an international total ozone measurement intercomparison at the Izaña Atmospheric Observatory in Tenerife, the high-quality applicability of the instrument was verified with measurements of the direct solar irradiance and subsequent TOC evaluations based on the spectral data measured between 12 and 30 September 2016. The results showed deviations of the TOC of less than 1.5 % from most other instruments in most situations and not exceeding 3 % from established TOC measurement systems such as Dobson or Brewer.

OBSERVATIONAL DETECTION OF DRIFT VELOCITY BETWEEN IONIZED AND NEUTRAL SPECIES IN SOLAR PROMINENCES

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Khomenko, Elena; Collados, Manuel; Díaz, Antonio J., E-mail: khomenko@iac.es, E-mail: mcv@iac.es, E-mail: aj.diaz@uib.es

2016-06-01

We report the detection of differences in the ion and neutral velocities in prominences using high-resolution spectral data obtained in 2012 September at the German Vacuum Tower Telescope (Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife). A time series of scans of a small portion of a solar prominence was obtained simultaneously with high cadence using the lines of two elements with different ionization states, namely, Ca ii 8542 Å and He i 10830 Å. The displacements, widths, and amplitudes of both lines were carefully compared to extract dynamical information about the plasma. Many dynamical features are detected, such as counterstreaming flows, jets, andmore » propagating waves. In all of the cases, we find a very strong correlation between the parameters extracted from the lines of both elements, confirming that both lines trace the same plasma. Nevertheless, we also find short-lived transients where this correlation is lost. These transients are associated with ion-neutral drift velocities of the order of several hundred m s{sup −1}. The patches of non-zero drift velocity show coherence in time–distance diagrams.« less

The Canarian Seismic Monitoring Network: design, development and first result

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

D'Auria, Luca; Barrancos, José; Padilla, Germán D.; García-Hernández, Rubén; Pérez, Aaron; Pérez, Nemesio M.

2017-04-01

Tenerife is an active volcanic island which experienced several eruptions of moderate intensity in historical times, and few explosive eruptions in the Holocene. The increasing population density and the consistent number of tourists are constantly raising the volcanic risk. In June 2016 Instituto Volcanologico de Canarias started the deployment of a seismological volcano monitoring network consisting of 15 broadband seismic stations. The network began its full operativity in November 2016. The aim of the network are both volcano monitoring and scientific research. Currently data are continuously recorded and processed in real-time. Seismograms, hypocentral parameters, statistical informations about the seismicity and other data are published on a web page. We show the technical characteristics of the network and an estimate of its detection threshold and earthquake location performances. Furthermore we present other near-real time procedures on the data: analysis of the ambient noise for determining the shallow velocity model and temporal velocity variations, detection of earthquake multiplets through massive data mining of the seismograms and automatic relocation of events through double-difference location.

Predictive factors of occupational noise-induced hearing loss in Spanish workers: A prospective study

PubMed Central

Pelegrin, Armando Carballo; Canuet, Leonides; Rodríguez, Ángeles Arias; Morales, Maria Pilar Arévalo

2015-01-01

The purpose of our study was to identify the main factors associated with objective noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), as indicated by abnormal audiometric testing, in Spanish workers exposed to occupational noise in the construction industry. We carried out a prospective study in Tenerife, Spain, using 150 employees exposed to occupational noise and 150 age-matched controls who were not working in noisy environments. The variables analyzed included sociodemographic data, noise-related factors, types of hearing protection, self-report hearing loss, and auditory-related symptoms (e.g., tinnitus, vertigo). Workers with pathological audiograms had significantly longer noise-exposure duration (16.2 ± 11.4 years) relative to those with normal audiograms (10.2 ± 7.0 years; t = 3.99, P < 0.001). The vast majority of those who never used hearing protection measures had audiometric abnormalities (94.1%). Additionally, workers using at least one of the protection devices (earplugs or earmuffs) had significantly more audiometric abnormalities than those using both protection measures simultaneously (Chi square = 16.07; P < 0.001). The logistic regression analysis indicates that the use of hearing protection measures [odds ratio (OR) = 12.30, confidence interval (CI) = 4.36-13.81, P < 0.001], and noise-exposure duration (OR = 1.35, CI = 1.08-1.99, P = 0.040) are significant predictors of NIHL. This regression model correctly predicted 78.2% of individuals with pathological audiograms. The combined use of hearing protection measures, in particular earplugs and earmuffs, associates with a lower rate of audiometric abnormalities in subjects with high occupational noise exposure. The use of hearing protection measures at work and noise-exposure duration are best predictive factors of NIHL. Auditory-related symptoms and self-report hearing loss do not represent good indicators of objective NIHL. Routine monitoring of noise levels and hearing status are of great importance as part of effective hearing conservation programs. PMID:26356377

Predictive factors of occupational noise-induced hearing loss in Spanish workers: A prospective study.

PubMed

Pelegrin, Armando Carballo; Canuet, Leonides; Rodríguez, Ángeles Arias; Morales, Maria Pilar Arévalo

2015-01-01

The purpose of our study was to identify the main factors associated with objective noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), as indicated by abnormal audiometric testing, in Spanish workers exposed to occupational noise in the construction industry. We carried out a prospective study in Tenerife, Spain, using 150 employees exposed to occupational noise and 150 age-matched controls who were not working in noisy environments. The variables analyzed included sociodemographic data, noise-related factors, types of hearing protection, self-report hearing loss, and auditory-related symptoms (e.g., tinnitus, vertigo). Workers with pathological audiograms had significantly longer noise-exposure duration (16.2 ± 11.4 years) relative to those with normal audiograms (10.2 ± 7.0 years; t = 3.99, P < 0.001). The vast majority of those who never used hearing protection measures had audiometric abnormalities (94.1%). Additionally, workers using at least one of the protection devices (earplugs or earmuffs) had significantly more audiometric abnormalities than those using both protection measures simultaneously (Chi square = 16.07; P < 0.001). The logistic regression analysis indicates that the use of hearing protection measures [odds ratio (OR) = 12.30, confidence interval (CI) = 4.36-13.81, P < 0.001], and noise-exposure duration (OR = 1.35, CI = 1.08-1.99, P = 0.040) are significant predictors of NIHL. This regression model correctly predicted 78.2% of individuals with pathological audiograms. The combined use of hearing protection measures, in particular earplugs and earmuffs, associates with a lower rate of audiometric abnormalities in subjects with high occupational noise exposure. The use of hearing protection measures at work and noise-exposure duration are best predictive factors of NIHL. Auditory-related symptoms and self-report hearing loss do not represent good indicators of objective NIHL. Routine monitoring of noise levels and hearing status are of great importance as part of effective hearing conservation programs.

A cost-benefit analysis of a deposit-refund program for beverage containers in Israel.

PubMed

Lavee, Doron

2010-02-01

The paper presents a full cost-benefit analysis of a deposit-refund program for beverage containers in Israel. We examine all cost elements of the program--storage, collection, and treatment costs of empty containers, and all potential benefits--savings in alternative treatment costs (waste collection and landfill disposal), cleaner public spaces, reduction of landfill volumes, energy-savings externalities associated with use of recycled materials, and creation of new workplaces. A wide variety of data resources is employed, and some of the critical issues are examined via several approaches. The main finding of the paper is that the deposit-refund program is clearly economically worthwhile. The paper contributes to the growing body of literature on deposit-refund programs by its complete and detailed analysis of all relevant factors of such a program, and also specifically in its analysis of the savings in alternative waste management costs. This analysis reveals greater savings than are usually assumed, and thus shows the deposit-refund program to be highly efficient.

Pretest Round Robin Analysis of 1:4-Scale Prestressed Concrete Containment Vessel Model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

HESSHEIMER,MICHAEL F.; LUK,VINCENT K.; KLAMERUS,ERIC W.

The purpose of the program is to investigate the response of representative scale models of nuclear containment to pressure loading beyond the design basis accident and to compare analytical predictions to measured behavior. This objective is accomplished by conducting static, pneumatic overpressurization tests of scale models at ambient temperature. This research program consists of testing two scale models: a steel containment vessel (SCV) model (tested in 1996) and a prestressed concrete containment vessel (PCCV) model, which is the subject of this paper.

EPA Contract Laboratory Program Statement of Work for Inorganic Superfund Methods Multi-Media, Multi-Concentration ISM02.3

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This document contains analytical methods for the analysis of metals and cyanide in environmental samples. It also contains contractual requirements for laboratories participating in Superfund's Contract Laboratory Program.

EPA Contract Laboratory Program Statement of Work for Inorganic Superfund Methods Multi-Media, Multi-Concentration ISM02.4

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This document contains analytical methods for the analysis of metals and cyanide in environmental samples. It also contains contractual requirements for laboratories participating in Superfund's Contract Laboratory Program.

Main rotor free wake geometry effects on blade air loads and response for helicopters in steady maneuvers. Volume 2: Program listings

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sadler, S. G.

1972-01-01

A mathematical model and computer program was implemented to study the main rotor free wake geometry effects on helicopter rotor blade air loads and response in steady maneuvers. Volume 1 (NASA CR-2110) contains the theoretical formulation and analysis of results. Volume 2 contains the computer program listing.

Avoiding Title V permitting pitfalls

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Laswell, D.L.

1993-04-01

Title V of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments requires states to implement new air operating permit programs. States have a great deal of flexibility in developing their permit programs. Industry should work now to ensure that state programs contain the favorable aspects of the federal regulations and do not contain more stringent requirements that are not required under the Clean Air Act. This article outlines areas of the permit program that have the potential to handicap industry`s ability to expand.

Containment Area Aquaculture Program. Economics and Marketing of Aquaculture in Dredged Material Containment Areas

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-09-01

project shrimp farm and to use the information learned from the demonstration to examine the economic feasibility of aquaculture in dredged material...aquaculture within the USACE. The Containment Area Aquaculture Program (CAAP) was thus initiated in 1986, as a development of the Environmental ...company. The work of Mariquest was completed in 1989 by Cultured Seafood Group, Inc., Laguna Vista, TX. The

A Monte Carlo program to calculate the exposure rate from airborne radioactive gases inside a nuclear reactor containment building.

PubMed

Sherbini, S; Tamasanis, D; Sykes, J; Porter, S W

1986-12-01

A program was developed to calculate the exposure rate resulting from airborne gases inside a reactor containment building. The calculations were performed at the location of a wall-mounted area radiation monitor. The program uses Monte Carlo techniques and accounts for both the direct and scattered components of the radiation field at the detector. The scattered component was found to contribute about 30% of the total exposure rate at 50 keV and dropped to about 7% at 2000 keV. The results of the calculations were normalized to unit activity per unit volume of air in the containment. This allows the exposure rate readings of the area monitor to be used to estimate the airborne activity in containment in the early phases of an accident. Such estimates, coupled with containment leak rates, provide a method to obtain a release rate for use in offsite dose projection calculations.

Dykes and structures of the NE rift of Tenerife, Canary Islands: a record of stabilisation and destabilisation of ocean island rift zones

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Delcamp, A.; Troll, V. R.; van Wyk de Vries, B.; Carracedo, J. C.; Petronis, M. S.; Pérez-Torrado, F. J.; Deegan, F. M.

2012-07-01

Many oceanic island rift zones are associated with lateral sector collapses, and several models have been proposed to explain this link. The North-East Rift Zone (NERZ) of Tenerife Island, Spain offers an opportunity to explore this relationship, as three successive collapses are located on both sides of the rift. We have carried out a systematic and detailed mapping campaign on the rift zone, including analysis of about 400 dykes. We recorded dyke morphology, thickness, composition, internal textural features and orientation to provide a catalogue of the characteristics of rift zone dykes. Dykes were intruded along the rift, but also radiate from several nodes along the rift and form en échelon sets along the walls of collapse scars. A striking characteristic of the dykes along the collapse scars is that they dip away from rift or embayment axes and are oblique to the collapse walls. This dyke pattern is consistent with the lateral spreading of the sectors long before the collapse events. The slump sides would create the necessary strike-slip movement to promote en échelon dyke patterns. The spreading flank would probably involve a basal decollement. Lateral flank spreading could have been generated by the intense intrusive activity along the rift but sectorial spreading in turn focused intrusive activity and allowed the development of deep intra-volcanic intrusive complexes. With continued magma supply, spreading caused temporary stabilisation of the rift by reducing slopes and relaxing stress. However, as magmatic intrusion persisted, a critical point was reached, beyond which further intrusion led to large-scale flank failure and sector collapse. During the early stages of growth, the rift could have been influenced by regional stress/strain fields and by pre-existing oceanic structures, but its later and mature development probably depended largely on the local volcanic and magmatic stress/strain fields that are effectively controlled by the rift zone growth, the intrusive complex development, the flank creep, the speed of flank deformation and the associated changes in topography. Using different approaches, a similar rift evolution has been proposed in volcanic oceanic islands elsewhere, showing that this model likely reflects a general and widespread process. This study, however, shows that the idea that dykes orient simply parallel to the rift or to the collapse scar walls is too simple; instead, a dynamic interplay between external factors (e.g. collapse, erosion) and internal forces (e.g. intrusions) is envisaged. This model thus provides a geological framework to understand the evolution of the NERZ and may help to predict developments in similar oceanic volcanoes elsewhere.

Diffuse helium and hydrogen degassing to reveal hidden geothermal resources in oceanic volcanic islands: The Canarian archipelago case study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodríguez, Fátima; Pérez, Nemesio M.; Padrón, Eleazar; Dionis, Samara; López, Gabriel; Melián, Gladys V.; Asensio-Ramos, María; Hernández, Pedro A.; Padilla, German; Barrancos, José; Marrero, Rayco; Hidalgo, Raúl

2015-04-01

During geothermal exploration, the geochemical methods are extensively used and play a major role in both exploration and exploitation phases. They are particularly useful to assess the subsurface temperatures in the reservoir, the origin of the fluid, and flow directions within the reservoir. The geochemical exploration is based on the assumption that fluids on the surface reflect physico-chemical and thermal conditions in the geothermal reservoir at depth. However, in many occasions there is not any evidence of endogenous fluids manifestations at surface, that traditionally evidence the presence of an active geothermal system. Discovery of new geothermal systems will therefore require exploration of areas where the resources are either hidden or lie at great depths. Geochemical methods for geothermal exploration at these areas must include soil gas surveys, based on the detection of anomalously high concentrations of some hydrothermal gases in the soil atmosphere, generally between 40 cm and 1 meter depth from the surface. Among soil gases, particularly interest has been addressed to non-reactive and/or highly mobile gases. They offer important advantages for the detection of vertical permeability structures, because their interaction with the surrounding rocks or fluids during the ascent toward the surface is minimum. This is the case of helium (He) and hydrogen (H2), that have unique characteristics as a geochemical tracer, owing to their chemical and physical characteristics. Enrichments of He and H2 observed in the soil atmosphere can be attributed almost exclusively to migration of deep-seated gas toward the surface. In this work we show the results of soil gas geochemistry studies, focused mainly in non-reactive and/or highly mobile gases as He and H2, in five minning grids at Tenerife and Gran Canaria, Canay Islands, Spain, during 2011-2014. The primary objective was to use different geochemical evidences of deep-seated gas emission to sort the possible geothermal potential in five minning grids, thus reducing the uncertainty inherent to the selection of the area with the highest success in the selection of future exploratory wells. By combining the overall information obtained by statistical-graphical analysis of the soil He and H2 data, visual inspection of their spatial distribution and analysis of some interesting chemical ratios, two of the five minning licenses, located at the southern and western parts of Tenerife Islands, seemed to show the highest geothermal potential of the five mining grids studied. These results will be useful for future implementation and development of geothermal energy in the Canaries, the only Spanish territory with potential high enthalpy geothermal resources.

Cargo container inspection test program at ARPA's Nonintrusive Inspection Technology Testbed

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Volberding, Roy W.; Khan, Siraj M.

1994-10-01

An x-ray-based cargo inspection system test program is being conducted at the Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA)-sponsored Nonintrusive Inspection Technology Testbed (NITT) located in the Port of Tacoma, Washington. The test program seeks to determine the performance that can be expected from a dual, high-energy x-ray cargo inspection system when inspecting ISO cargo containers. This paper describes an intensive, three-month, system test involving two independent test groups, one representing the criminal smuggling element and the other representing the law enforcement community. The first group, the `Red Team', prepares ISO containers for inspection at an off-site facility. An algorithm randomly selects and indicates the positions and preparation of cargoes within a container. The prepared container is dispatched to the NITT for inspection by the `Blue Team'. After in-gate processing, it is queued for examination. The Blue Team inspects the container and decides whether or not to pass the container. The shipment undergoes out-gate processing and returns to the Red Team. The results of the inspection are recorded for subsequent analysis. The test process, including its governing protocol, the cargoes, container preparation, the examination and results available at the time of submission are presented.

Traffic Pattern Detection Using the Hough Transformation for Anomaly Detection to Improve Maritime Domain Awareness

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-01

Programming code in the Python language used in AIS data preprocessing is contained in Appendix A. The MATLAB programming code used to apply the Hough...described in Chapter III is applied to archived AIS data in this chapter. The implementation of the method, including programming techniques used, is...is contained in the second. To provide a proof of concept for the algorithm described in Chapter III, the PYTHON programming language was used for

Ideas for Secondary School Physical Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barry, Patricia E., Ed.

This book contains descriptions of secondary school physical education programs. The programs described fall into the following categories: (1) career/leadership programs, (2) contract/individualized instruction programs, (3) elective physical education programs, (4) motivational programs, (5) outdoor/environmental programs, (6)…

Respiratory Therapy Technology Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia Univ., Athens. Dept. of Vocational Education.

This guide presents the standard curriculum for technical institutes in Georgia. The curriculum addresses the minimum competencies for a respiratory therapy technology program. The guide contains four sections. The General Information section contains an introduction giving an overview and defining the purpose and objectives, a program…

40 CFR 156.146 - Residue removal instructions for nonrefillable containers-rigid containers with dilutable...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... nonrefillable containers-rigid containers with dilutable pesticides. 156.146 Section 156.146 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS LABELING REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES AND DEVICES Container Labeling § 156.146 Residue removal instructions for nonrefillable containers...

40 CFR 156.146 - Residue removal instructions for nonrefillable containers-rigid containers with dilutable...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... nonrefillable containers-rigid containers with dilutable pesticides. 156.146 Section 156.146 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS LABELING REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES AND DEVICES Container Labeling § 156.146 Residue removal instructions for nonrefillable containers...

40 CFR 156.146 - Residue removal instructions for nonrefillable containers-rigid containers with dilutable...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... nonrefillable containers-rigid containers with dilutable pesticides. 156.146 Section 156.146 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS LABELING REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES AND DEVICES Container Labeling § 156.146 Residue removal instructions for nonrefillable containers...

40 CFR 156.146 - Residue removal instructions for nonrefillable containers-rigid containers with dilutable...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... nonrefillable containers-rigid containers with dilutable pesticides. 156.146 Section 156.146 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS LABELING REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDES AND DEVICES Container Labeling § 156.146 Residue removal instructions for nonrefillable containers...

Strong-Motion Program report, January-December 1985

USGS Publications Warehouse

Porcella, R. L.

1989-01-01

This Program Report contains preliminary information on the nature and availability of strong-motion data recorded by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The Strong-Motion Program is operated by the USGS in cooperation with numerous Federal, State, and local agencies and private organizations. Major objective of this program are to record both strong ground motion and the response of various types of engineered structures during earthquakes, and to disseminate this information and data to the international earthquake-engineering research and design community. This volume contains a summary of the accelerograms recovered from the USGS National Strong-Motion Instrumentation Network during 1985, summaries of recent strong-motion publications, notes on the availability of digitized data, and general information related to the USGS and other strong-motion programs. The data summary in table 1 contains information on all USGS accelerograms recovered (though not necessarily recorded) during 1985; event data are taken from "Preliminary Determination of Epicenters," published by the USGS.

28 CFR 90.104 - What must the grant program application contain?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., nongovernmental sexual assault and domestic violence victims' programs demonstrating their participation in... contain? 90.104 Section 90.104 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) VIOLENCE AGAINST... Standard Form 424, Application for Federal Assistance, at a time designated by the Violence Against Women...

28 CFR 90.104 - What must the grant program application contain?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., nongovernmental sexual assault and domestic violence victims' programs demonstrating their participation in... contain? 90.104 Section 90.104 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) VIOLENCE AGAINST... Standard Form 424, Application for Federal Assistance, at a time designated by the Violence Against Women...

28 CFR 90.104 - What must the grant program application contain?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., nongovernmental sexual assault and domestic violence victims' programs demonstrating their participation in... contain? 90.104 Section 90.104 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) VIOLENCE AGAINST... Standard Form 424, Application for Federal Assistance, at a time designated by the Violence Against Women...

A cost-benefit analysis of a deposit-refund program for beverage containers in Israel

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lavee, Doron, E-mail: doron@pareto.co.i

2010-02-15

The paper presents a full cost-benefit analysis of a deposit-refund program for beverage containers in Israel. We examine all cost elements of the program - storage, collection, and treatment costs of empty containers, and all potential benefits - savings in alternative treatment costs (waste collection and landfill disposal), cleaner public spaces, reduction of landfill volumes, energy-savings externalities associated with use of recycled materials, and creation of new workplaces. A wide variety of data resources is employed, and some of the critical issues are examined via several approaches. The main finding of the paper is that the deposit-refund program is clearlymore » economically worthwhile. The paper contributes to the growing body of literature on deposit-refund programs by its complete and detailed analysis of all relevant factors of such a program, and also specifically in its analysis of the savings in alternative waste management costs. This analysis reveals greater savings than are usually assumed, and thus shows the deposit-refund program to be highly efficient.« less

Aerospace safety advisory panel

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1994-01-01

This report from the Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel (ASAP) contains findings, recommendations, and supporting material concerning safety issues with the space station program, the space shuttle program, aeronautics research, and other NASA programs. Section two presents findings and recommendations, section three presents supporting information, and appendices contain data about the panel membership, the NASA response to the March 1993 ASAP report, and a chronology of the panel's activities during the past year.

Automated procedure for developing hybrid computer simulations of turbofan engines. Part 1: General description

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Szuch, J. R.; Krosel, S. M.; Bruton, W. M.

1982-01-01

A systematic, computer-aided, self-documenting methodology for developing hybrid computer simulations of turbofan engines is presented. The methodology that is pesented makes use of a host program that can run on a large digital computer and a machine-dependent target (hybrid) program. The host program performs all the calculations and data manipulations that are needed to transform user-supplied engine design information to a form suitable for the hybrid computer. The host program also trims the self-contained engine model to match specified design-point information. Part I contains a general discussion of the methodology, describes a test case, and presents comparisons between hybrid simulation and specified engine performance data. Part II, a companion document, contains documentation, in the form of computer printouts, for the test case.

40 CFR 165.92 - What if I need both a containment pad and a secondary containment unit?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... may combine containment pads and secondary containment units as an integrated system provided the... PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Standards for Pesticide...

40 CFR 165.92 - What if I need both a containment pad and a secondary containment unit?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... may combine containment pads and secondary containment units as an integrated system provided the... PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Standards for Pesticide...

40 CFR 165.92 - What if I need both a containment pad and a secondary containment unit?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... may combine containment pads and secondary containment units as an integrated system provided the... PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Standards for Pesticide...

40 CFR 165.92 - What if I need both a containment pad and a secondary containment unit?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... may combine containment pads and secondary containment units as an integrated system provided the... PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Standards for Pesticide...

40 CFR 165.92 - What if I need both a containment pad and a secondary containment unit?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... may combine containment pads and secondary containment units as an integrated system provided the... PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Standards for Pesticide...

Thermal analysis of radiometer containers for the 122m hoop column antenna concept

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dillon-Townes, L. A.

1986-01-01

A thermal analysis was conducted for the 122 Meter Hoop Column Antenna (HCA) Radiometer electronic package containers. The HCA radiometer containers were modeled using the computer aided graphics program, ANVIL 4000, and thermally simulated using two thermal programs, TRASYS and MITAS. The results of the analysis provided relationships between the absorptance-emittance ratio and the average surface temperature of the orbiting radiometer containers. These relationships can be used to specify the surface properties, absorptance and reflectance, of the radiometer containers. This is an initial effort in determining the passive thermal protection needs for the 122 m HCA radiometer containers. Several recommendations are provided which expand this effort so specific passive and active thermal protection systems can be defined and designed.

Financial Analysis of the Northeast Corridor Development Project : Volume 2. Appendixes E Through I.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1976-11-01

This appendix consists of two parts. The first part, Program Capability, contains a description of the capability of the program and is intended to bridge the gap between the descriptive material contained in Appendix D and the explanation of procedu...

40 CFR 763.98 - Waiver; delegation to State.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... CONTROL ACT ASBESTOS Asbestos-Containing Materials in Schools § 763.98 Waiver; delegation to State. (a... implement a program of asbestos inspection and management that contains requirements that are at least as... provisions or proposed provisions relating to its program of asbestos inspection and management in schools...

40 CFR 763.98 - Waiver; delegation to State.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... CONTROL ACT ASBESTOS Asbestos-Containing Materials in Schools § 763.98 Waiver; delegation to State. (a... implement a program of asbestos inspection and management that contains requirements that are at least as... provisions or proposed provisions relating to its program of asbestos inspection and management in schools...

40 CFR 763.98 - Waiver; delegation to State.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... CONTROL ACT ASBESTOS Asbestos-Containing Materials in Schools § 763.98 Waiver; delegation to State. (a... implement a program of asbestos inspection and management that contains requirements that are at least as... provisions or proposed provisions relating to its program of asbestos inspection and management in schools...

40 CFR 763.98 - Waiver; delegation to State.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... CONTROL ACT ASBESTOS Asbestos-Containing Materials in Schools § 763.98 Waiver; delegation to State. (a... implement a program of asbestos inspection and management that contains requirements that are at least as... provisions or proposed provisions relating to its program of asbestos inspection and management in schools...

40 CFR 763.98 - Waiver; delegation to State.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... CONTROL ACT ASBESTOS Asbestos-Containing Materials in Schools § 763.98 Waiver; delegation to State. (a... implement a program of asbestos inspection and management that contains requirements that are at least as... provisions or proposed provisions relating to its program of asbestos inspection and management in schools...

NIH Minority Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Institutes of Health (DHHS), Bethesda, MD.

This publication contains brief descriptions of National Institutes of Health programs for underrepresented minorities, including fellowships, programs for high school students, graduate research assistantships, postdoctoral training, and programs for college students. The publication provides a description of each program, eligibility…

Accounting utility for determining individual usage of production level software systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Garber, S. C.

1984-01-01

An accounting package was developed which determines the computer resources utilized by a user during the execution of a particular program and updates a file containing accumulated resource totals. The accounting package is divided into two separate programs. The first program determines the total amount of computer resources utilized by a user during the execution of a particular program. The second program uses these totals to update a file containing accumulated totals of computer resources utilized by a user for a particular program. This package is useful to those persons who have several other users continually accessing and running programs from their accounts. The package provides the ability to determine which users are accessing and running specified programs along with their total level of usage.

Nesting in an Object Oriented Language is NOT for the Birds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buhr, P. A.; Zarnke, C. R.

The notion of nested blocks has come into disfavour or has been ignored in recent program language design. Many of the current object oriented programming languages use subclassing as the sole mechanism to establish relationships between classes and have no general notion of nesting. We argue that nesting (and, more generally, hierarchical organization) is a powerful mechanism that provides facilities that are not otherwise possible in a class based programming language. We agree that traditional block structure and its associated nesting have severe problems, and we suggest several extensions to the notion of blocks and block structure that indirectly make nesting a useful and powerful mechanism, particularly in an object oriented programming system. The main extension is to allow references to definitions from outside of the containing block, thereby making the contained definitions available in a larger scope. References are made using either the name of the containing entity or an instance of the containing entity. The extensions suggest a way to organize the programming environment for a large, multi-user system. These facilities are not available with subclassing, and subclassing provides facilities not available by nesting; hence, an object oriented language can benefit by providing nesting as well.

Interlaboratory comparison program for nondestructive assay of prototype uranium reference materials

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Trahey, N.M.; Smith, M.M.; Voeks, A.M.

The US Department of Energy (DOE), New Brunswick Laboratory (NBS), designed and administered an interlaboratory comparison program based on the measurement of NBL-produced prototype uranium nondestructive assay (NDA) reference materials for scrap and waste. The objectives of the program were to evaluate the reliability of NDA techniques as applied to nuclear safeguards materials control and accountability needs and to investigate the feasibility of providing practical NDA scrap and waste reference materials for use throughout the nuclear safeguards community. Fourteen facilities representing seven DOE contractors, four US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) licensees, one EURATOM Laboratory, and NBL, participated in this program.more » Three stable, well-characterized uranium reference materials were developed and certified for this program. Synthetic calcined ash, cellulose fiber, and ion-exchange resin simulate selected uranium scrap and waste forms which are often encountered in fabrication and recovery operations. The synthetic calcined ash represents an intermediate density inorganic matrix while the cellulose fiber and ion-exchange resin are representative of low-density organic matrices. The materials, containing from 0 to 13% uranium enriched at 93% /sup 235/U, were sealed in specially selected containers. Nineteen prototype reference samples, plus three empty containers, one to accompany each set, was circulated to the participants between August 1979 and May 1984. Triplicate measurements for /sup 235/U on each of the 19 filled containers were required. In addition, participants could opt to perform modular configuration measurements using containers from Sets IIA and IIB to simulate non-homogeneously dispersed uranium in waste containers. All data were reported to NBL for evaluation.« less

Alabama Course of Study: Humanities, K-12. Bulletin 1983, No. 16.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alabama State Dept. of Education, Montgomery.

A scope and sequence for incorporating humanities into the existing K-12 curriculum contains 8 sections. Following an introduction, the first section outlines characteristics of an effective humanities program. The second and third sections contain teacher and student objectives for a humanities program, minimum requirements, and alternatives for…

7 CFR 246.16a - Infant formula and authorized foods cost containment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS SPECIAL SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION PROGRAM FOR WOMEN, INFANTS AND CHILDREN State Agency Provisions § 246.16a Infant formula and authorized foods... 7 Agriculture 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Infant formula and authorized foods cost containment...

7 CFR 246.16a - Infant formula and authorized foods cost containment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS SPECIAL SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION PROGRAM FOR WOMEN, INFANTS AND CHILDREN State Agency Provisions § 246.16a Infant formula and authorized foods... 7 Agriculture 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Infant formula and authorized foods cost containment...

7 CFR 246.16a - Infant formula and authorized foods cost containment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS SPECIAL SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION PROGRAM FOR WOMEN, INFANTS AND CHILDREN State Agency Provisions § 246.16a Infant formula and authorized foods... 7 Agriculture 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Infant formula and authorized foods cost containment...

Education Statistics on Disk. [CD-ROM.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Center for Education Statistics (ED), Washington, DC.

This CD-ROM disk contains a computer program developed by the Office of Educational Research and Improvement to provide convenient access to the wealth of education statistics published by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). The program contains over 1,800 tables, charts, and text files from the following NCES publications,…

76 FR 72215 - Certain Products Containing Interactive Program Guide and Parental Controls Technology; Receipt...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-22

... Parental Controls Technology; Receipt of Complaint; Solicitation of Comments Relating to the Public... Containing Interactive Program Guide and Parental Controls Technology, DN 2856; the Commission is soliciting... parental controls technology. The complaint names Vizio, Inc. of Irvine, CA; Haier Group Corp. of China...

Conversational English Program, 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Instituto de Idiomas Yazigi, Sao Paulo (Brazil). Centro de Linguistica Aplicada.

This second book of a conversational English program for adults contains an introductory section in Portuguese and exercises in English. The text centers around an English-speaking family from the United States that goes to live in Brazil. It contains color photographs with captions followed by exercises. The exercises are in English and involve…

Conversational English Program, 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Instituto de Idiomas Yazigi, Sao Paulo (Brazil). Centro de Linguistica Aplicada.

This first book of a conversational English program for adults contains an introductory section in Portuguese and exercises in English. The text centers around an English-speaking family from the United States that goes to live in Brazil. It contains color photographs with captions followed by exercises. The exercises are in English and involve…

Sanitation and Safety for School Food Service: Program Development. Bulletin No. 92408.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bass, Kathleen S.

This resource manual contains criteria, prototype policies, procedure, and forms for establishing a comprehensive sanitation and safety program in Wisconsin public schools. The introduction contains a mission statement and a description of responsibilities for various state employees. The section on policy and procedure development outlines…

[Progress of the ATM Crew}

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Krabill, W. (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

Contract NAS5-99094 was initiated on December 1, 1998. The subject contract contains 5 tasks covering specific activities in support of 3 major sensor programs, each with a separate NASA Principal Investigator (PI). Accordingly, the bimonthly narrative is organized such that each of the programs are discussed separately with individual task activities presented within each of the programs. Acronyms are used throughout the report to keep the writing succinct. An attached glossary contains definitions for these acronyms.

A User's Guide for the Differential Reduced Ejector/Mixer Analysis "DREA" Program. 1.0

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

DeChant, Lawrence J.; Nadell, Shari-Beth

1999-01-01

A system of analytical and numerical two-dimensional mixer/ejector nozzle models that require minimal empirical input has been developed and programmed for use in conceptual and preliminary design. This report contains a user's guide describing the operation of the computer code, DREA (Differential Reduced Ejector/mixer Analysis), that contains these mathematical models. This program is currently being adopted by the Propulsion Systems Analysis Office at the NASA Glenn Research Center. A brief summary of the DREA method is provided, followed by detailed descriptions of the program input and output files. Sample cases demonstrating the application of the program are presented.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kelly, Elizabeth J.; Stone, Timothy Amos; Smith, Paul Herrick

The Packaging Surveillance Program section of the Department of Energy (DOE) Manual 441.1-­1, Nuclear Material Packaging Manual (DOE 2008), requires DOE contractors to “ensure that a surveillance program is established and implemented to ensure the nuclear material storage package continues to meet its design criteria.”This 2017 update reflects changes to the surveillance plan resulting from surveillance findings as documented in Reeves et al. 2016. These findings include observations of corrosion in SAVY and Hagan containers and the indication (in one SAVY container) of possible filter membrane thermal degradation. This surveillance plan update documents the rationale for selecting surveillance containers, specifiesmore » the containers for 2017 surveillance, and identifies a minimum set of containers for 2018 surveillance. This update contains important changes to the previous surveillance plans.« less

Masonry Program Standards.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia Univ., Athens. Dept. of Vocational Education.

This publication contains statewide standards for the masonry program in Georgia. The standards are divided into 12 categories: foundations (philosophy, purpose, goals, program objectives, availability, evaluation); admissions (admission requirements, provisional admission requirements, recruitment, evaluation and planning); program structure…

After heat distribution of a mobile nuclear power plant

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Parker, W. G.; Vanbibber, L. E.; Tang, Y. S.

1971-01-01

A computer program was developed to analyze the transient afterheat temperature and pressure response of a mobile gas-cooled reactor power plant following impact. The program considers (in addition to the standard modes of heat transfer) fission product decay and transport, metal-water reactions, core and shield melting and displacement, and pressure and containment vessel stress response. Analyses were performed for eight cases (both deformed and undeformed models) to verify operability of the program options. The results indicated that for a 350 psi (241 n/sq cm) initial internal pressure, the containment vessel can survive over 100,000 seconds following impact before creep rupture occurs. Recommendations were developed as to directions for redesign to extend containment vessel life.

Basic Gasoline Engine Mechanics. Florida Vocational Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

University of South Florida, Tampa. Dept. of Adult and Vocational Education.

This packet contains a program guide and Career Merit Achievement Plan (Career MAP) for the implementation of a basic gasoline engine mechanics program in Florida secondary and postsecondary schools. The program guide describes the program content and structure, provides a program description, lists job titles under the program, and includes a…

The Status of Child Nutrition Programs in Colorado.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McMillan, Daniel C.; Vigil, Herminia J.

This report provides descriptive and statistical data on the status of child nutrition programs in Colorado. The report contains descriptions of the National School Lunch Program, school breakfast programs, the Special Milk Program, the Summer Food Service Program, the Nutrition Education and Training Program, state dietary guidelines, Colorado…

Consumer Electronic Product Servicing. Florida Vocational Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

University of South Florida, Tampa. Dept. of Adult and Vocational Education.

This packet contains a program guide and Career Merit Achievement Plan (Career MAP) for the implementation of a consumer electronic product servicing program in Florida secondary and postsecondary schools. The program guide describes the program content and structure, provides a program description, lists job titles under the program, and includes…

Computer Integrated Manufacturing. Florida Vocational Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

University of South Florida, Tampa. Dept. of Adult and Vocational Education.

This packet contains a program guide and Career Merit Achievement Plan (Career MAP) for the implementation of a computer-integrated manufacturing program in Florida secondary and postsecondary schools. The program guide describes the program content and structure, provides a program description, lists job titles under the program, and includes a…

Computer Engineering Technology. Florida Vocational Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

University of South Florida, Tampa. Dept. of Adult and Vocational Education.

This packet contains a program guide and Career Merit Achievement Plan (Career MAP) for the implementation of a computer engineering technology program in Florida secondary and postsecondary schools. The program guide describes the program content and structure, provides a program description, lists job titles under the program, and includes a…

Communication Electronics. Florida Vocational Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

University of South Florida, Tampa. Dept. of Adult and Vocational Education.

This packet contains a program guide and Career Merit Achievement Plan (Career MAP) for the implementation of a communication electronics (communications technician) program in Florida secondary and postsecondary schools. The program guide describes the program content and structure, provides a program description, lists job titles under the…

Legal drug content in music video programs shown on Australian television on saturday mornings.

PubMed

Johnson, Rebecca; Croager, Emma; Pratt, Iain S; Khoo, Natalie

2013-01-01

To examine the extent to which legal drug references (alcohol and tobacco) are present in the music video clips shown on two music video programs broadcast in Australia on Saturday mornings. Further, to examine the music genres in which the references appeared and the dominant messages associated with the references. Music video clips shown on the music video programs 'Rage' (ABC TV) and [V] 'Music Video Chart' (Channel [V]) were viewed over 8 weeks from August 2011 to October 2011 and the number of clips containing verbal and/or visual drug references in each program was counted. The songs were classified by genre and the dominant messages associated with drug references were also classified and analysed. A considerable proportion of music videos (approximately one-third) contained drug references. Alcohol featured in 95% of the music videos that contained drug references. References to alcohol generally associated it with fun and humour, and alcohol and tobacco were both overwhelmingly presented in contexts that encouraged, rather than discouraged, their use. In Australia, Saturday morning is generally considered a children's television viewing timeslot, and several broadcaster Codes of Practice dictate that programs shown on Saturday mornings must be appropriate for viewing by audiences of all ages. Despite this, our findings show that music video programs aired on Saturday mornings contain a considerable level of drug-related content.

Body Power! School-Based Weight Management for Middle School Adolescents. Leader's Manual.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dennee, Phyllis M.; And Others

This leader's manual contains the materials required to present a school-based weight management curriculum that may be offered both in school and outside the school setting for middle-school adolescents. The first section contains instructor information regarding the following topics: need for the program; program objectives; timeline and…

An Introduction to Fortran Programming: An IPI Approach.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fisher, D. D.; And Others

This text is designed to give individually paced instruction in Fortran Programing. The text contains fifteen units. Unit titles include: Flowcharts, Input and Output, Loops, and Debugging. Also included is an extensive set of appendices. These were designed to contain a great deal of practical information necessary to the course. These appendices…

1988 Underground Storage Tanks; Technical Requirements; Final Rule and Underground Storage Tanks Containing Petroleum-Financial Responsibility Requirements and State Program Approval Objective; Final Rule

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA's 1988 regulations concerning USTs are contained in 40 CFR Part 280, 40 CFR Part 281 and 40 CFR Parts 282.50-282.105 and divided into three sections: technical requirements, financial responsibility requirements, and state program approval objectives.

Avionics Maintenance Technology Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia Univ., Athens. Dept. of Vocational Education.

This program guide presents the avionics maintenance technology curriculum for technical institutes in Georgia. The general information section contains the following for both the diploma program and the associate degree program: purpose and objectives; program description, including admissions, typical job titles, and accreditation and…

Basic Commercial Art. Florida Vocational Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

University of South Florida, Tampa. Dept. of Adult and Vocational Education.

This document includes a vocational program guide and Career Merit Achievement Plan (Career MAP) for secondary and postsecondary basic commercial art programs. The guide contains the following sections: occupational description; program content (curriculum framework and student performance standards); program implementation (student admission…

Subseabed disposal program annual report, January-December 1980. Volume II. Appendices (principal investigator progress reports). Part 1

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hinga, K.R.

Volume II of the sixth annual report describing the progress and evaluating the status of the Subseabed Disposal Program contains the appendices referred to in Volume I, Summary and Status. Because of the length of Volume II, it has been split into two parts for publication purposes. Part 1 contains Appendices A-Q; Part 2 contains Appendices R-MM. Separate abstracts have been prepared for each appendix for inclusion in the Energy Data Base.

Intelligent Engine Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Xie, Ming

2008-01-01

A high bypass jet engine fan case represents one of the largest, heaviest single components in an engine. In addition to supporting the inlet and providing the fan flowpath, the most critical function is the containment of a failed fan blade. In this development program, a lightweight, low-cost composite containment case with diagnostic capabilities was developed, fabricated, and tested. The fan case design, containment methods, and diagnostic concepts evaluated in the initial Propulsion 21 program were improved and scaled up to a full case design.

Final Report---Optimization Under Nonconvexity and Uncertainty: Algorithms and Software

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jeff Linderoth

2011-11-06

the goal of this work was to develop new algorithmic techniques for solving large-scale numerical optimization problems, focusing on problems classes that have proven to be among the most challenging for practitioners: those involving uncertainty and those involving nonconvexity. This research advanced the state-of-the-art in solving mixed integer linear programs containing symmetry, mixed integer nonlinear programs, and stochastic optimization problems. The focus of the work done in the continuation was on Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programs (MINLP)s and Mixed Integer Linear Programs (MILP)s, especially those containing a great deal of symmetry.

Computer Electronics. Florida Vocational Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

University of South Florida, Tampa. Dept. of Adult and Vocational Education.

This packet contains a program guide and Career Merit Achievement Plan (Career MAP) for the implementation of a computer electronics technology (computer service technician) program in Florida secondary and postsecondary schools. The program guide describes the program content and structure, provides a program description, lists job titles under…

Measurements of ice nucleating particle concentrations at 242 K in the free troposphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lacher, L.; Lohmann, U.; Boose, Y.; Zipori, A.; Herrmann, E.; Bukowiecki, N.; Steinbacher, M.; Gute, E.; Kanji, Z. A.

2017-12-01

Clouds containing ice play an important role in the Earth's system, but some fundamental knowledge on their formation and further development is still missing. The phase change from vapor or liquid to ice in the atmosphere can occur heterogeneously in the presence of ice nucleating particles (INPs) at temperatures warmer, and supersaturations lower than required for homogeneous freezing. Only a small fraction of particles in an environment relevant for the occurrence of ice- and mixed-phase clouds are INPs, and their identification and quantification remains challenging. We measure INP concentrations with the ETH Horizontal Ice Nucleation Chamber (HINC) at the High Altitude Research Station Jungfraujoch (JFJ) during several field campaigns in different seasons and years. The measurements are performed at 242 K and above water saturation, representing ice- and mixed-phase clouds conditions. Due to its elevation of 3580 m a.s.l. the site encounters mostly free tropospheric conditions, and is influenced by boundary layer injections up to 80% of the time in summer. JFJ regularly encounters Saharan dust events and receives air masses of marine origin, which can both occur within the free troposphere. Our measurements show that INP concentrations in the free troposphere do not follow a seasonal cycle. They are remarkably constant, with concentrations from 0.5 - 8 L-1 (interquartile range), which compares well to measurements performed under the same conditions at another location within the free troposphere, the Izaña Atmospheric Research Station in Tenerife. At JFJ, correlations with parameters of physical properties of ambient particles, meteorology and air mass characteristics do not show a single best estimator to predict INP concentrations, emphasizing the complexity of ice nucleation in the free troposphere. Increases in INP concentrations of a temporary nature were observed in the free troposphere during Saharan dust events and marine air mass influence, which indicate the potential role of mineral dust and marine aerosol to the INP population. However, average free tropospheric INP concentrations are not sensitive to these transient high numbers suggesting their overall contribution may be minor for seasonal or annual trends.

Lean on Me.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Black, Susan

1999-01-01

Mentoring programs cannot always obliterate deficiencies in adult/child relationships or better student achievement. Two successful programs are the Big Brother/Big Sister program and the Office of Juvenile Justice's Juvenile Mentoring Program. (JUMP). Social support, not social control, is essential. Sidebars contain program tips and selected…

Rural Programs: Vocational Education Resource Package.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evaluation and Training Inst., Los Angeles, CA.

Designed to assist community college administrators and faculty in enhancing vocational education programs and services, this resource package on rural college programs contains information about successful program strategies and ideas currently in use in vocational education programs at rural schools within the California Community Colleges…

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Almond, P.; Livingston, R.; Traver, L.

The Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) 3013 destructive examination program performs surveillances on 3013 containers originating from multiple sites across the DOE complex. The bases for the packaging, storage, and surveillance activities are derived from the Department of Energy's 3013 Standard (DOE-STD-3013-2004). During destructive examination, headspace gas samples are obtained from the 3013 inner container and the annulus between the outer and inner containers. To characterize gas species, the samples are analyzed by gas chromatography (GC), direct-inlet mass spectrometry (DIMS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The GC results, as well as other parameters, are utilized as input into the gasmore » evaluation software tool (GEST) program for computation of pre-puncture gas compositions and pressures. Over 30 containers from the Hanford Site and the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site (RFETS) have been examined in the first three years of the surveillance program. Several containers were shown to have appreciable hydrogen content (some greater than 30 mol %), yet little or no oxygen was detected in any of the containers, including those exhibiting high hydrogen concentrations. Characteristics including moisture content, surface area, and material composition, along with the headspace gas composition, are utilized in an attempt to explain the chemical behavior of the packaged materials.« less

Interpopulational and seasonal variation in the chemical signals of the lizard Gallotia galloti.

PubMed

García-Roa, Roberto; Megía-Palma, Rodrigo; Ortega, Jesús; Jara, Manuel; López, Pilar; Martín, José

2017-01-01

Communicative traits are strikingly diverse and may vary among populations of the same species. Within a population, these traits may also display seasonal variation. Chemical signals play a key role in the communication of many taxa. However, we still know far too little about chemical communication in some vertebrate groups. In lizards, only a few studies have examined interpopulational variation in the composition of chemical cues and signals and only one study has explored the seasonal effects. Here we sampled three subspecies of the Tenerife lizards ( Gallotia galloti ) and analyze the lipophilic fraction of their femoral gland secretions to characterize the potential interpopulational variation in the chemical signals. In addition, we assessed whether composition of these secretions differed between the reproductive and the non-reproductive season. We analyzed variations in both the overall chemical profile and the abundance of the two main compounds (cholesterol and vitamin E). Our results show interpopulational and seasonal differences in G. gallotia chemical profiles. These findings are in accordance with the high interpopulational variability of compounds observed in lizard chemical signals and show that their composition is not only shaped by selective factors linked to reproductive season.

Comparing modal noise and FRD of circular and non-circular cross-section fibres

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sablowski, D. P.; Plüschke, D.; Weber, M.; Strassmeier, K. G.; Järvinen, A.

2016-03-01

Modal noise is a common source of noise introduced to the measurements by optical fibres and is particularly important for fibre-fed spectroscopic instruments, especially for high-resolution measurements. This noise source can limit the signal-to-noise ratio and jeopardize photon-noise limited data. The subject of the present work is to compare measurements of modal noise and focal-ratio degradation (FRD) for several commonly used fibres. We study the influence of a simple mechanical scrambling method (excenter) on both FRD and modal noise. Measurements are performed with circular and octagonal fibres from Polymicro Technology (FBP-Series) with diameters of 100, 200, and 300 μm and for square and rectangular fibres from CeramOptec, among others. FRD measurements for the same sample of fibres are performed as a function of wavelength. Furthermore, we replaced the circular fibre of the STELLA-échelle-spectrograph (SES) in Tenerife with an octagonal and found a SNR increase by a factor of 1.6 at 678 nm. It is shown in the laboratory that an excenter with a large amplitude and low frequency will not influence the FRD but will reduce modal noise rather effectively by up to 180%.

2009: the year of living dangerously

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Del Puerto, C.

2011-11-01

Tenerife is not Jakarta. Neither is 2009 the year 1965, nor the Museo de la Ciencia y el Cosmos (Museum of Science and the Cosmos) the hotel "Indonesia", meeting point of reporters from around the world. Nor am I the journalist Jill Bryant (Sigourney Weaver) in the Australian Peter Weir film. But 2009, a year of international commitment to Astronomy (and wild economic crisis budget cuts), will be a time in space that many people will remember for how we live, what problems we face and what tools we used to discover together the Universe. Stimulating interest in the stars was our goal in the museum. Playing with all the colours of a filter wheel, our strategy. Energy and creativity were our available resources. We had to innovate and not die trying. Finally, mainstreaming was the concept, the philosophy, in exchange for bold value and ineffable endeavor. The Museo de la Ciencia y el Cosmos accepted the challenge, explored new resources for science communication and made risky bets, many of them hand in hand with the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC). A year later, we value the role of this museum in the film.

An Overview of Geodetic Volcano Research in the Canary Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fernández, José; González, Pablo J.; Camacho, Antonio G.; Prieto, Juan F.; Brú, Guadalupe

2015-11-01

The Canary Islands are mostly characterized by diffuse and scattered volcanism affecting a large area, with only one active stratovolcano, the Teide-Pico Viejo complex (Tenerife). More than 2 million people live and work in the 7,447 km2 of the archipelago, resulting in an average population density three times greater than the rest of Spain. This fact, together with the growth of exposure during the past 40 years, increases volcanic risk with respect previous eruptions, as witnessed during the recent 2011-2012 El Hierro submarine eruption. Therefore, in addition to purely scientific reasons there are economic and population-security reasons for developing and maintaining an efficient volcano monitoring system. In this scenario geodetic monitoring represents an important part of the monitoring system. We describe volcano geodetic monitoring research carried out in the Canary Islands and the results obtained. We consider for each epoch the two main existing constraints: the level of volcanic activity in the archipelago, and the limitations of the techniques available at the time. Theoretical and observational aspects are considered, as well as the implications for operational volcano surveillance. Current challenges of and future perspectives in geodetic volcano monitoring in the Canaries are also presented.

Inhibitory activity of Lactobacillus plantarum TF711 against Clostridium sporogenes when used as adjunct culture in cheese manufacture.

PubMed

González, Lorena; Zárate, Victoria

2015-05-01

Bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria are of great interest to the food-processing industry as natural preservatives. This work aimed to investigate the efficacy of bacteriocin-producing Lactobacillus plantarum TF711, isolated from artisanal Tenerife cheese, in controlling Clostridium sporogenes during cheese ripening. Cheeses were made from pasteurised milk artificially contaminated with 10(4) spores m/l C. sporogenes. Experimental cheeses were manufactured with Lb. plantarum TF711 added at 1% as adjunct to commercial starter culture. Cheeses made under the same conditions but without Lb. plantarum TF711 served as controls. Evolution of microbiological parameters, pH and NaCl content, as well as bacteriocin production was studied throughout 45 d of ripening. Addition of Lb. plantarum TF711 did not bring about any significant change in starter culture counts, NaCl content and pH, compared with control cheese. In contrast, clostridial spore count in experimental cheeses were significantly lower than in control cheeses from 7 d onwards, reaching a maximum reduction of 2·2 log units on day 21. Inhibition of clostridia found in experimental cheeses was mainly attributed to plantaricin activity, which in fact was recovered from these cheeses.

Opto-mechanical design of an image slicer for the GRIS spectrograph at GREGOR

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vega Reyes, N.; Esteves, M. A.; Sánchez-Capuchino, J.; Salaun, Y.; López, R. L.; Gracia, F.; Estrada Herrera, P.; Grivel, C.; Vaz Cedillo, J. J.; Collados, M.

2016-07-01

An image slicer has been proposed for the Integral Field Spectrograph [1] of the 4-m European Solar Telescope (EST) [2] The image slicer for EST is called MuSICa (Multi-Slit Image slicer based on collimator-Camera) [3] and it is a telecentric system with diffraction limited optical quality offering the possibility to obtain high resolution Integral Field Solar Spectroscopy or Spectro-polarimetry by coupling a polarimeter after the generated slit (or slits). Considering the technical complexity of the proposed Integral Field Unit (IFU), a prototype has been designed for the GRIS spectrograph at GREGOR telescope at Teide Observatory (Tenerife), composed by the optical elements of the image slicer itself, a scanning system (to cover a larger field of view with sequential adjacent measurements) and an appropriate re-imaging system. All these subsystems are placed in a bench, specially designed to facilitate their alignment, integration and verification, and their easy installation in front of the spectrograph. This communication describes the opto-mechanical solution adopted to upgrade GRIS while ensuring repeatability between the observational modes, IFU and long-slit. Results from several tests which have been performed to validate the opto-mechanical prototypes are also presented.

Cocaine use during pregnancy assessed by hair analysis in a Canary Islands cohort

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background Drug use during pregnancy is difficult to ascertain, and maternal reports are likely to be inaccurate. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of illicit drug use among pregnant women by using maternal hair analysis. Methods A toxicological analysis of hair was used to detect chronic recreational drug use during pregnancy. In 2007, 347 mother-infant dyads were included from the Hospital La Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands (Spain). Data on socioeconomic characteristics and on substance misuse during pregnancy were collected using a structured questionnaire. Drugs of abuse: opiates, cocaine, cannabinoids and amphetamines were detected in maternal hair by immunoassay followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for confirmation and quantitation. Results Hair analysis revealed 2.6% positivity for cocaine and its metabolites. Use of cocaine during pregnancy was associated with unusual behaviour with potentially harmful effects on the baby. Conclusions The results of the study demonstrate significant cocaine use by pregnant women in Canary Islands. The data should be used for the purpose of preventive health and policy strategies aimed to detect and possibly to avoid in the future prenatal exposure to drugs of abuse. PMID:22230295

Compression of the right coronary artery by an aortic pseudoaneurysm after infective endocarditis: an unusual case of myocardial ischemia.

PubMed

Lacalzada-Almeida, Juan; De la Rosa-Hernández, Alejandro; Izquierdo-Gómez, María Manuela; García-Niebla, Javier; Hernández-Betancor, Iván; Bonilla-Arjona, Juan Alfonso; Barragán-Acea, Antonio; Laynez-Cerdeña, Ignacio

2018-01-01

A 61-year-old male with a prosthetic St Jude aortic valve size 24 presented with heart failure symptoms and minimal-effort angina. Eleven months earlier, the patient had undergone cardiac surgery because of an aortic root dilatation and bicuspid aortic valve with severe regurgitation secondary to infectious endocarditis by Coxiela burnetii and coronary artery disease in the left circumflex coronary artery. Then, a prosthesis valve and a saphenous bypass graft to the left circumflex coronary artery were placed. The patient was admitted to the Cardiology Department of Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain and a transthoracic echocardiography was performed that showed severe paraprosthetic aortic regurgitation and an aortic pseudoaneurysm. The 64-slice multidetector computed tomography confirmed the pseudoaneurysm, originating from the right sinus of Valsalva, with a compression of the native right coronary artery and a normal saphenous bypass graft. On the basis of these findings, we performed surgical treatment with a favorable postoperative evolution. In our case, results from complementary cardiac imaging techniques were crucial for patient management. The multidetector computed tomography allowed for a confident diagnosis of an unusual mechanism of coronary ischemia.

Chemical fingerprinting applied to the evaluation of marine oil pollution in the coasts of Canary Islands (Spain).

PubMed

Peña-Méndez, E M; Astorga-España, M S; García-Montelongo, F J

2001-01-01

Chemical fingerprinting approach to environmental assessment is illustrated in the evaluation of marine oil pollution in the coasts using two limpet species as bioindicator organisms, and based on profiles and concentrations of n-alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons in their tissues. Accidental and chronic releases of hydrocarbons can contaminate the marine environment of the Canary Islands not only because of their geographical situation but also because of the very dense tanker traffic around. This situation affects coastal areas, fishing activities, tourism resort, etc. Concentrations of n-alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and methyl-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) in the soft tissues of the marine intertidal and subtidal limpets, Patella crenata and Patella ullysiponensis aspera, were evaluated. Limpet samples were collected at monthly intervals, at three locations on the southeast coast of Tenerife over a 3-year period (1991-93). Levels of hydrocarbons found in limpets are similar to concentrations found in unpolluted areas around the world. From application of principal component analysis, the interpretation of variable loading plots gives information on variable correlation and can be used to distinguish among potential sources of pollution and the ability of studied molluscs to be used as bioindicator organisms.

GPS tracking for mapping seabird mortality induced by light pollution.

PubMed

Rodríguez, Airam; Rodríguez, Beneharo; Negro, Juan J

2015-06-02

Light pollution and its consequences on ecosystems are increasing worldwide. Knowledge on the threshold levels of light pollution at which significant ecological impacts emerge and the size of dark refuges to maintain natural nocturnal processes is crucial to mitigate its negative consequences. Seabird fledglings are attracted by artificial lights when they leave their nest at night, causing high mortality. We used GPS data-loggers to track the flights of Cory's shearwater Calonectris diomedea fledglings from nest-burrows to ground, and to evaluate the light pollution levels of overflown areas on Tenerife, Canary Islands, using nocturnal, high-resolution satellite imagery. Birds were grounded at locations closer than 16 km from colonies in their maiden flights, and 50% were rescued within a 3 km radius from the nest-site. Most birds left the nests in the first three hours after sunset. Rescue locations showed radiance values greater than colonies, and flight distance was positively related to light pollution levels. Breeding habitat alteration by light pollution was more severe for inland colonies. We provide scientific-based information to manage dark refuges facilitating that fledglings from inland colonies reach the sea successfully. We also offer methodological approaches useful for other critically threatened petrel species grounded by light pollution.

Social and Economic Impacts of Selected Potential Dredged Material Containment Facilities in Long Island Sound.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-09-01

GRANT NuMBER(s) CENTER FOR THE ENVIRONMENT AND MAN, INC. DACW 33-8U-~e--’-e/ Work Order No. 8 I.~3 PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. PROGRAM ...08-735 Program Manager Lynn E. Johnson Principal Investigator Gaylord M. Northrop Project Staff John Ball Kenneth Bober Kayla Costenoble Brian...determination of the merits of continuing the program . This is a Stage 2 report. While six potential dredged material containment facilities are

Department of Defense counterdrug technology development of non-intrusive inspection systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pennella, John J.

1997-02-01

The Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division serves as the executive agent for the DoD's Contraband Detection and Cargo Container Inspection Technology Development Program. The goal of the DoD non-intrusive inspection (NII) program is to develop prototype equipment that can be used to inspect containers and vehicles, quickly and in large numbers without unnecessary delays in the movement of legitimate cargo. This paper summaries the past accomplishments of the program, current status, and future plans.

Implementing an Employee Assistance Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gam, John; And Others

1983-01-01

Describes in detail the implementation of an employee assistance program in a textile plant. Reviews the historical development, referral process, and termination guidelines of the program and contains descriptive statistics for six periods of the program's operation. (Author/JAC)

Health Care Cost Containment. A Seminar on Health Cost Containment, March 14-15, 1985, Washington, D.C.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Council of State Governments, Lexington, KY.

This document presents the texts of speeches from a conference on health care cost containment. Topics presented include Medicare solvency, capitated programs, diagnostic related groups (DRGs), Medicaid restructuring, long term care financing, private sector cost containment strategies, British health cost containment, health maintenance…

Akterations/corrections to the BRASS Program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brand, S. N.

1985-01-01

Corrections applied to statistical programs contained in two subroutines of the Bed Rest Analysis Software System (BRASS) are summarized. Two subroutines independently calculate significant values within the BRASS program.

40 CFR 165.25 - Nonrefillable container standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Nonrefillable Container Standards: Container Design and Residue... 171.8 must be packaged in a nonrefillable container that, if portable, is designed, constructed, and... are applicable to a Packing Group III material, or, if subject to a special permit, according to the...

40 CFR 165.25 - Nonrefillable container standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Nonrefillable Container Standards: Container Design and Residue... 171.8 must be packaged in a nonrefillable container that, if portable, is designed, constructed, and... are applicable to a Packing Group III material, or, if subject to a special permit, according to the...

40 CFR 165.25 - Nonrefillable container standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Nonrefillable Container Standards: Container Design and Residue... 171.8 must be packaged in a nonrefillable container that, if portable, is designed, constructed, and... are applicable to a Packing Group III material, or, if subject to a special permit, according to the...

40 CFR 165.25 - Nonrefillable container standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Nonrefillable Container Standards: Container Design and Residue... 171.8 must be packaged in a nonrefillable container that, if portable, is designed, constructed, and... are applicable to a Packing Group III material, or, if subject to a special permit, according to the...

40 CFR 165.25 - Nonrefillable container standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Nonrefillable Container Standards: Container Design and Residue... 171.8 must be packaged in a nonrefillable container that, if portable, is designed, constructed, and... are applicable to a Packing Group III material, or, if subject to a special permit, according to the...

Asbestos-Containing Materials in School Buildings: A Guidance Document. Part 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Office of Toxic Substances.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has worked with the states to develop a program for accurate information and guidance to deal with the problem of school buildings constructed with asbestos-containing materials. This is the first of two guidance manuals that are a major part of this program and are being mailed to all public school…

Handbook for Physical Education: Framework for Developing a Curriculum for California Public Schools. Kindergarten through Grade Twelve.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

California State Dept. of Education, Sacramento.

This handbook gives educators and administrators the tools, information, and resources to design and implement a physical education program. Chapter one contains an assessment guide that can be used to assess and revise the physical education program in elementary and secondary schools. The second chapter contains information that physical…

Fieldcrest Cannon, Inc. Advanced Technical Preparation. Statistical Process Control (SPC). Safety Section: Modules 1-3. Instructor Book.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Averitt, Sallie D.

These three modules, which were developed for use by instructors in a manufacturing firm's advanced technical preparation program, contain the materials required to present the safety section of the plant's adult-oriented, job-specific competency-based training program. The 3 modules contain 12 lessons on the following topics: lockout/tagout…

Physical Education Opportunity Program for Exceptional Learners (PEOPEL): A Teacher's Guide for Secondary Schools. Second Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Irmer, Larry D.; And Others

The instructional guide for PEOPEL (Physical Education Opportunity Program for Exceptional Learners) contains 36 units of instruction for use with handicapped junior and senior high school students. The units contain basic performance objectives which have been task analyzed in an effort to individualize instruction. Each unit is divided into four…

Career Exploration Occupational Information for the Junior High/Middle School. A Planning Curriculum Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lawson, Dorothy M.; McDonald, Dorothea V.

Materials contained in this guide are designed to be used in planning a comprehensive career education program and for developing individual career education units for grades 6-9. Section 1 is the planning guide and contains strategies for organizing, planning, and implementing a program, developing staff inservice, conducting a needs assessment,…

Environmental Issues in Brazilian Society. Fulbright-Hays Seminars Abroad Program. June 26-July 31, 1994.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Commission for Educational Exchange between the United States and Brazil, Brasilia.

This book contains a review of the 1994 Fulbright-Hays Seminars Abroad Program along with lesson plans from 13 of the participants. The curriculum projects contained in this book include: (1) "The Brazilian Cinema: A Critical Appreciation of An Industry in Turmoil" (Aaron Braun); (2) "Reflections on the Relationship between…

Supplemental Driver Safety Program Development Volume II--Pilot and Field Test Module Materials. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McPherson, Kenard; Weidman, James R.

This volume contains materials to supplement existing driver education programming offered by high schools to youthful (16- to 18-year old) drivers. Section I contains three drinking/driving modules: an information-only module, a self-image module, and a three-unit peer intervention module. An instructor's guide provided for each module includes…

Retrospective Perceptions of Graduates of a Self-Contained Program in Taiwan for High School Students Talented in STEM

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jen, Enyi; Moon, Sidney M.

2015-01-01

This retrospective qualitative study was designed to investigate perceptions of the learning experiences of STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics)-talented male students who were in a self-contained, single-gender, gifted program in a selective high school in Taiwan. Twenty-four graduates of the high school's gifted program…

Technology Education. Vocational Education Program Courses Standards.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Div. of Vocational, Adult, and Community Education.

This document contains vocational education program course standards for technology education programs in Florida. Standards are provided for a total of 32 exploratory courses, practical arts courses, and pretechnical programs offered at the secondary or postsecondary level. Each program course standard consists of a curriculum framework and…

DESIGN: a program to create data entry programs

Treesearch

J. Michael Wuerth; David R. Weise

1994-01-01

Scientific data entry can be an exacting process. The specific information needs change from investigation to investigation. A computer program to design custom data screens is described. The program, DESIGN, generates the necessary C programming language source code to create a basic data entry program. Data entry screens can contain multiple nested screens. Users can...

Violence and sex impair memory for television ads.

PubMed

Bushman, Brad J; Bonacci, Angelica M

2002-06-01

Participants watched a violent, sexually explicit, or neutral TV program that contained 9 ads. Participants recalled the advertised brands. They also identified the advertised brands from slides of supermarket shelves. The next day, participants were telephoned and asked to recall again the advertised brands. Results showed better memory for people who saw the ads during a neutral program than for people who saw the ads during a violent or sexual program both immediately after exposure and 24 hr later. Violence and sex impaired memory for males and females of all ages, regardless of whether they liked programs containing violence and sex. These results suggest that sponsoring violent and sexually explicit TV programs might not be a profitable venture for advertisers.

New insights into ocean tide loading corrections on tidal gravity data in Canary Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arnoso, J.; Benavent, M.; Bos, M. S.; Montesinos, F. G.

2009-04-01

The Canary Islands are an interesting area to investigate ocean tides loading effects due to the complex coastline of the islands and the varying bathymetry. We present here the quality of five recent global oceanic tidal models, GOT00.2, GOT4.7, FES2004, TPXO.7.1 and AG2006, by comparing their predicted ocean tide loading values with results from tidal gravity observations made on three islands, Lanzarote, Tenerife and El Hierro, for the four harmonic constituents O1, K1, M2 and S2. In order to improve the accuracy of the loading corrections on the gravity tide measurements, we have used the high resolution regional oceanic model CIAM2 to supplement the global models considered here. This regional model has been obtained by assimilating TOPEX/Poseidon altimetry at crossovers and along-track points and tide gauge observations into a hydrodynamic model. The model has a 5'Ã-5' resolution and covers the area between the coordinates 26°.5N to 30°.0N and 19°.0W to 12°.5W. The gravity tide observing sites have been occupied by three different LaCoste&Romberg (LCR) spring gravimeters during different periods of observation. We considered here the most recent gravity tide observations made with LCR Graviton-EG1194 in El Hierro Island, for a period of 6 months during 2008. In the case of Tenerife and Lanzarote sites we have used observation periods of 6 months and 8 years with LCR-G665 and LCR-G434 gravimeters, respectively. The last two sites have been revisited in order to improve the previous tidal analysis results. Thus, the gravity ocean tide loading corrections, based on the five global ocean tide models supplemented with the regional model CIAM2 allowed us to review the normalization factors (scale factor and phase lag) of both two gravimeters. Also, we investigated the discrepancies of the corrected gravimetric factors with the DDW elastic and inelastic non hydrostatic body tide model (Dehant et al., 1999). The lowest values are found for inelastic model in the case of M2 and O1 waves at three sites. However, the scatter between oceanic models seen at final residual vectors does not indicate clearly if tidal observations are close to elastic or inelastic body tide model. Finally, after computing misfits of gravity tide observations and ocean tide loading calculations the level of agreement between the five global oceanic models is below 0.2 Gal (1 Gal=10-8ms-2), except for the solar harmonic K1, which reaches a large value that reflects the thermal instability at three sites because the period of K1 is very close to that of S1. None of the five global models seems to give results that are clearly better than the other models.

Statistical Software and Artificial Intelligence: A Watershed in Applications Programming.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pickett, John C.

1984-01-01

AUTOBJ and AUTOBOX are revolutionary software programs which contain the first application of artificial intelligence to statistical procedures used in analysis of time series data. The artificial intelligence included in the programs and program features are discussed. (JN)

Masonry Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia Univ., Athens. Dept. of Vocational Education.

This masonry program guide presents the standard curriculum for technical institutes in Georgia. The curriculum addresses the minimum competencies for a masonry program. The general information section contains the following: purpose and objectives; program description, including admissions, typical job titles, and accreditation and certification;…

The Concept of Leadership Programmed

DTIC Science & Technology

1973-01-01

should include the forepoing statement.) Itilj. ,,, THIS DOCUMENT IS BEST QUALITY AVAILABLE. THE COPY FURNISHED TO DTIC CONTAINED A SIGNIFICANT...instruction media . The concept of leadership was programmed in a constructed- response, linear format containing 129 frames. This self-instructional...just remved from his teens . In the combat setting the young rifle platoon leader will be exposed for the first time to many strenuous situations and

Piloting a Cooperative Extension Service Nutrition Education Program on First-Grade Children's Willingness to Try Foods Containing Legumes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edwards, Cassandra S.; Hermann, Janice R.

2011-01-01

Many nutrition education campaigns targeting children in the United States focus on increasing fruit and vegetable consumption, but most don't specifically promote legumes. The project described here sought to pilot the effect of an Extension nutrition education program on first grade children's willingness to try foods containing legumes. A…

Maternal exposure to diets containing high fructose and saturated fats, low B vitamins, or their combination programs growth, adiposity, and insulin sensitivity in adult offspring

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Early exposure to unfavorable nutrition programs increases risk of adult-onset diseases. In this rat study, we investigate morphological, metabolic and endocrinal phenotypes of offspring born to dams consuming isocaloric diets containing 30% fructose, 9.9% coconut fat and 0.5% cholesterol (F+SFA), m...

The NIE Home-Based Early Education Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gruskin, Susan

The initial plans for the National Institute of Education (NIE) program in early childhood education are described. The first part of the document contains a discussion of the relationship between planned NIE programs and existing early childhood federal programs. In both planned and existing programs, disadvantaged children are the primary…

Report on Federal Government Programs That Relate to Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Administration for Children, Youth, and Families (DHEW), Washington, DC.

This report contains summaries by representatives of major federal agencies of the ways in which their programs relate to children. Generally, each reporting agency provides a brief description of programs, information on authorizing legislation, appropriations and any recent program modifications as well as names of any programs that have been…

Mississippi Curriculum Framework for Residential Carpentry Technology (Program CIP: 46.0201--Carpenter). Postsecondary Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mississippi Research and Curriculum Unit for Vocational and Technical Education, State College.

This document, which is intended for use by community and junior colleges throughout Mississippi, contains curriculum frameworks for certificate of residential carpentry and residential carpentry technology programs. Presented in the introductory section are program descriptions and suggested course sequences for both programs. Section I lists…

1998 Winds of Change Guide to Summer Internships, Co-op and Minority School Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winds of Change, 1998

1998-01-01

Lists internships, work experience, cooperative education, and university research programs for American-Indian and minority college students, as well as summer programs for middle school and high school students. Lists 28 programs alphabetically; entries contain a short program description, prerequisites, deadlines and requirements for…

Health Occupations Education. Vocational Education Program Courses Standards.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Div. of Vocational, Adult, and Community Education.

This document contains vocational education program course standards for health occupations programs in Florida. Standards are provided for a total of 71 exploratory courses, practical arts courses, and job preparatory programs offered at the secondary or postsecondary level. Each program courses standard consists of a curriculum framework and…

34 CFR 74.24 - Program income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Program income. 74.24 Section 74.24 Education Office of... Program Management § 74.24 Program income. (a) The Secretary applies the standards contained in this section in requiring recipient organizations to account for program income related to projects financed in...

78 FR 47419 - Requirements for the OSHA Training Institute Education Centers Program and the OSHA Outreach...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-05

...] Requirements for the OSHA Training Institute Education Centers Program and the OSHA Outreach Training Program... approval of the information collection requirements contained in the OSHA Training Institute Education... Educational Programs, or Kimberly Mason, OSHA Training Institute Education Centers Program at the address...

77 FR 6479 - Leased Commercial Access; Development of Competition and Diversity in Video Programming...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-08

... Commercial Access; Development of Competition and Diversity in Video Programming Distribution and Carriage... contained in the Second Report and Order, FCC 11-119, pertaining to carriage of video programming vendors by multichannel video programming distributors (program carriage rules). This notice is consistent with the Secord...

A guide to federal-aid programs and projects

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-05-01

This guide provides basic information about Federal-aid programs, projects, and other program characteristics. The information sheets contained in the guide provide fiscal information, statutory and regulatory references, general eligibility and back...

ALPS - A LINEAR PROGRAM SOLVER

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Viterna, L. A.

1994-01-01

Linear programming is a widely-used engineering and management tool. Scheduling, resource allocation, and production planning are all well-known applications of linear programs (LP's). Most LP's are too large to be solved by hand, so over the decades many computer codes for solving LP's have been developed. ALPS, A Linear Program Solver, is a full-featured LP analysis program. ALPS can solve plain linear programs as well as more complicated mixed integer and pure integer programs. ALPS also contains an efficient solution technique for pure binary (0-1 integer) programs. One of the many weaknesses of LP solvers is the lack of interaction with the user. ALPS is a menu-driven program with no special commands or keywords to learn. In addition, ALPS contains a full-screen editor to enter and maintain the LP formulation. These formulations can be written to and read from plain ASCII files for portability. For those less experienced in LP formulation, ALPS contains a problem "parser" which checks the formulation for errors. ALPS creates fully formatted, readable reports that can be sent to a printer or output file. ALPS is written entirely in IBM's APL2/PC product, Version 1.01. The APL2 workspace containing all the ALPS code can be run on any APL2/PC system (AT or 386). On a 32-bit system, this configuration can take advantage of all extended memory. The user can also examine and modify the ALPS code. The APL2 workspace has also been "packed" to be run on any DOS system (without APL2) as a stand-alone "EXE" file, but has limited memory capacity on a 640K system. A numeric coprocessor (80X87) is optional but recommended. The standard distribution medium for ALPS is a 5.25 inch 360K MS-DOS format diskette. IBM, IBM PC and IBM APL2 are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. MS-DOS is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

QDENSITY—A Mathematica Quantum Computer simulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Juliá-Díaz, Bruno; Burdis, Joseph M.; Tabakin, Frank

2006-06-01

This Mathematica 5.2 package is a simulation of a Quantum Computer. The program provides a modular, instructive approach for generating the basic elements that make up a quantum circuit. The main emphasis is on using the density matrix, although an approach using state vectors is also implemented in the package. The package commands are defined in Qdensity.m which contains the tools needed in quantum circuits, e.g., multiqubit kets, projectors, gates, etc. Selected examples of the basic commands are presented here and a tutorial notebook, Tutorial.nb is provided with the package (available on our website) that serves as a full guide to the package. Finally, application is made to a variety of relevant cases, including Teleportation, Quantum Fourier transform, Grover's search and Shor's algorithm, in separate notebooks: QFT.nb, Teleportation.nb, Grover.nb and Shor.nb where each algorithm is explained in detail. Finally, two examples of the construction and manipulation of cluster states, which are part of "one way computing" ideas, are included as an additional tool in the notebook Cluster.nb. A Mathematica palette containing most commands in QDENSITY is also included: QDENSpalette.nb. Program summaryTitle of program: QDENSITY Catalogue identifier: ADXH_v1_0 Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADXH_v1_0 Program available from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University of Belfast, N. Ireland Operating systems: Any which supports Mathematica; tested under Microsoft Windows XP, Macintosh OS X, and Linux FC4 Programming language used: Mathematica 5.2 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 180 581 No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 19 382 Distribution format: tar.gz Method of solution: A Mathematica package is provided which contains commands to create and analyze quantum circuits. Several Mathematica notebooks containing relevant examples: Teleportation, Shor's Algorithm and Grover's search are explained in detail. A tutorial, Tutorial.nb is also enclosed. QDENSITY is available at http://www.pitt.edu/~tabakin/QDENSITY.

Business Education. Vocational Education Program Courses Standards.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Div. of Vocational, Adult, and Community Education.

This document contains vocational education program courses standards (curriculum frameworks and student performance standards) for business technology education programs in Florida. Each program courses standard is composed of two parts: a curriculum framework and student performance standards. The curriculum framework includes four major…

Marketing Education. Vocational Education Program Courses Standards.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Div. of Vocational, Adult, and Community Education.

This document contains vocational education program courses standards (curriculum frameworks and student performance standards) for exploratory courses, practical arts courses, and job preparatory programs in marketing offered at the secondary or postsecondary level as a part of Florida's comprehensive vocational education program. Each standard…

Marketing Education. Vocational Education Program Courses Standards.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Div. of Vocational, Adult, and Community Education.

This document contains vocational education program courses standards (curriculum frameworks and student performance standards) for exploratory courses, practical arts courses, and job preparatory programs in marketing education offered at the secondary or postsecondary level as a part of Florida's comprehensive vocational education program.…

Vanpooling : a handbook to help you set up a program at your company

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1993-01-01

The report provides guidance to employers on starting vanpool programs to serve their employees. The document is divided into four sections: vanpooling overview, program design, program management, and a two part appendix that contains sample forms a...

Meta-analysis of graduated driver licensing laws: effectiveness of specific program components : traffic tech.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-11-01

Graduated driver licensing (GDL) programs in the United States do not represent a single homogeneous intervention; rather, they contain different combinations and variations of program components. Programs vary by the duration of each stage of the GD...

Technology Education. Vocational Education Program Courses Standards.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Div. of Vocational, Adult, and Community Education.

This document contains vocational education program courses standards (curriculum frameworks and student performance standards) for exploratory courses, practical arts courses, and job preparatory programs in technology education offered at the secondary or postsecondary level as a part of Florida's comprehensive vocational education program.…

Hidden Markov models-based system (HMMSPECTR) for detecting structural homologies on the basis of sequential information.

PubMed

Tsigelny, Igor; Sharikov, Yuriy; Ten Eyck, Lynn F

2002-05-01

HMMSPECTR is a tool for finding putative structural homologs for proteins with known primary sequences. HMMSPECTR contains four major components: a data warehouse with the hidden Markov models (HMM) and alignment libraries; a search program which compares the initial protein sequences with the libraries of HMMs; a secondary structure prediction and comparison program; and a dominant protein selection program that prepares the set of 10-15 "best" proteins from the chosen HMMs. The data warehouse contains four libraries of HMMs. The first two libraries were constructed using different HHM preparation options of the HAMMER program. The third library contains parts ("partial HMM") of initial alignments. The fourth library contains trained HMMs. We tested our program against all of the protein targets proposed in the CASP4 competition. The data warehouse included libraries of structural alignments and HMMs constructed on the basis of proteins publicly available in the Protein Data Bank before the CASP4 meeting. The newest fully automated versions of HMMSPECTR 1.02 and 1.02ss produced better results than the best result reported at CASP4 either by r.m.s.d. or by length (or both) in 64% (HMMSPECTR 1.02) and 79% (HMMSPECTR 1.02ss) of the cases. The improvement is most notable for the targets with complexity 4 (difficult fold recognition cases).

Individualized Education Program (IEP) Planning Guide for Special Education Students Entering High School Vocational Education Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burrell, Lewis P.

This guide is designed to assist school program planners who are working with mainstreamed special education students in vocational education programs. The guide, covering grades 11 and 12, contains vocational program goals, objectives, and evaluation measures for 30 secondary vocational education programs in 15 curriculum areas, as well as for…

Apollo Photograph Evaluation (APE) programming manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kim, I. J.

1974-01-01

This document describes the programming techniques used to implement the equations of the Apollo Photograph Evaluation (APE) program on the UNIVAC 1108 computer and contains detailed descriptions of the program structure, a User's Guide section to provide the necessary information for proper operation of the program, and information for the assessment of the program's adaptability to future problems.

Earth Viewing Applications Laboratory (EVAL). Instrument catalog

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

There were 87 instruments described that are used in earth observation, with an additional 51 instruments containing references to programs and their major functions. These instruments were selected from such sources as: (1) earth observation flight program, (2) operational satellite improvement programs, (3) advanced application flight experiment program, (4) shuttle experiment definition program, and (5) earth observation aircraft program.

75 FR 34941 - Review of the Commission's Program Access Rules and Examination of Programming Tying Arrangements

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-21

... Commission's Program Access Rules and Examination of Programming Tying Arrangements AGENCY: Federal... Program Access Rules and Examination of Programming Tying Arrangements, MB Docket No. 07-198, FCC 10-17... information collection is contained in Sections 4(i), 303(r), and 628 of the Communications Act of 1934, as...

Industrial Education. Vocational Education Program Courses Standards.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Div. of Applied Tech., Adult, and Community Education.

This document contains vocational education program course standards for exploratory courses, practical arts courses, and job preparatory programs offered at the secondary and postsecondary level as part of the industrial education component in Florida. Curriculum frameworks are provided for 144 programs/clusters; representative topics are as…

Frequency Domain Computer Programs for Prediction and Analysis of Rail Vehicle Dynamics : Volume 2. Appendixes

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1975-12-01

Frequency domain computer programs developed or acquired by TSC for the analysis of rail vehicle dynamics are described in two volumes. Volume 2 contains program listings including subroutines for the four TSC frequency domain programs described in V...

Public Service Education. Vocational Education Program Courses Standards.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Div. of Vocational, Adult, and Community Education.

This document contains vocational education program courses standards (curriculum frameworks and student performance standards) for exploratory courses, practical arts courses, and job preparatory programs in public service education offered at the secondary or postsecondary level as a part of Florida's comprehensive vocational education program.…

Industrial Education. Vocational Education Program Courses Standards.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Div. of Vocational, Adult, and Community Education.

This document contains vocational education program courses standards (curriculum frameworks and student performance standards) for exploratory courses, practical arts courses, and job preparatory programs offered at the secondary or postsecondary level in Florida. Each program courses standard is composed of two parts: a curriculum framework and…

Youth Apprenticeship in Construction Trades. Student Handbook. Program Requirements.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manatee County Schools, Bradenton, FL.

This student handbook contains information about participating in the construction trades program in the Manatee County (Florida) Public Schools. The first part of the handbook consists of general information about the program: program goals and objectives, intended outcomes, benefits to students, student responsibilities, contractor…

Hazardous materials programs in the fifty states.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1988-01-01

This report describes the hazardous materials transportation safety programs, laws, and regulatory programs enacted by each of the fifty states. The report contains a brief description of common elements in the hazardous materials policy-making proce...

Abbott Opinions #1-5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Education Law Center, Inc., Newark, NJ.

This document contains the following "Abbott Opinions": (1) "Early Childhood Education"; (2) "Adequate School Facilities"; (3) "Supplemental Programs and Whole School Reform in Elementary Schools"; (4) "Supplemental Programs in Middle and High Schools"; and (5) "Planning Programs and Budgets…

Avionics Maintenance Technology Program Standards.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia Univ., Athens. Dept. of Vocational Education.

This publication contains statewide standards for the avionics maintenance technology program in Georgia. The standards are divided into the following categories: foundations, diploma/degree (philosophy, purpose, goals, program objectives, availability, evaluation); admissions, diploma/degree (admission requirements, provisional admission…

Radiologic Technology Program Standards.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia Univ., Athens. Dept. of Vocational Education.

This publication contains statewide standards for the radiologic technology program in Georgia. The standards are divided into 12 categories; Foundations (philosophy, purpose, goals, program objectives, availability, evaluation); Admissions (admission requirements, provisional admission requirements, recruitment, evaluation and planning); Program…

ARN II Program, Final Technical Report

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-12-08

36 Figure 21 – Paper Invoice and Related Container Labels...retail consumption patterns, and production status. The current version of the AAVS DataMart contains apparel and textile items for all military...the activity by item; Daily Issues which contains all the issues for the day; Daily Receipts which contains all receipts entered for the day; and

40 CFR 63.7900 - What emissions limitations and work practice standards must I meet for containers?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS... Pollutants: Site Remediation Containers § 63.7900 What emissions limitations and work practice standards must... your container except at the times the container is used for treatment of remediation material by a...

40 CFR 63.7900 - What emissions limitations and work practice standards must I meet for containers?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS... Pollutants: Site Remediation Containers § 63.7900 What emissions limitations and work practice standards must... your container except at the times the container is used for treatment of remediation material by a...

40 CFR 63.7900 - What emissions limitations and work practice standards must I meet for containers?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS... Pollutants: Site Remediation Containers § 63.7900 What emissions limitations and work practice standards must... your container except at the times the container is used for treatment of remediation material by a...

40 CFR 63.7900 - What emissions limitations and work practice standards must I meet for containers?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS... Pollutants: Site Remediation Containers § 63.7900 What emissions limitations and work practice standards must... your container except at the times the container is used for treatment of remediation material by a...

25 CFR 20.404 - What information is contained in a social services assessment?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What information is contained in a social services... FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE AND SOCIAL SERVICES PROGRAMS Services to Children, Elderly, and Families § 20.404 What information is contained in a social services assessment? A social services assessment must contain, but is...

The Civil Defense Director/Coordinator: An Orientation to the Position. A Program of Instruction for Local Civil Defense Coordinators.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ruskjer, Nina L.

This Staff College home study course of programmed instruction consists of five units and final examination. It requires 12-20 hours for completion. The outline emphasizes the main points being taught, and the introduction page contains important teaching points. In a unit, each page contains a bit of instruction known as a frame. There are…

THAI Multi-Compartment Containment Test Program

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kanzleiter, T.; Poss, G.; Funke, F.

2006-07-01

The THAI experimental programme includes combined-effect investigations on thermal hydraulics, hydrogen, and fission product (iodine and aerosols) behaviour in LWR containments under severe accident conditions. An overview on the experiments performed up to now and on the future test program is presented, in combination with a selection of typical results to illustrate the versatility of the test facility and the broad variety of topics investigated. (authors)

9 CFR 381.301 - Containers and closures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... AGENCY ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY... examination should be based upon a statistical sampling plan. (2) All empty containers, closures, and flexible... the container plant records are made available to Program employees. Additional teardown examinations...

9 CFR 318.301 - Containers and closures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... AGENCY ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY... container integrity. Such an examination should be based upon a statistical sampling plan. (2) All empty... the establishment and the container plant records are made available to Program employees. Additional...

9 CFR 381.301 - Containers and closures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... AGENCY ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY... examination should be based upon a statistical sampling plan. (2) All empty containers, closures, and flexible... the container plant records are made available to Program employees. Additional teardown examinations...

9 CFR 318.301 - Containers and closures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... AGENCY ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY... container integrity. Such an examination should be based upon a statistical sampling plan. (2) All empty... the establishment and the container plant records are made available to Program employees. Additional...

9 CFR 381.301 - Containers and closures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGENCY ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY... examination should be based upon a statistical sampling plan. (2) All empty containers, closures, and flexible... the container plant records are made available to Program employees. Additional teardown examinations...

9 CFR 318.301 - Containers and closures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... AGENCY ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY... container integrity. Such an examination should be based upon a statistical sampling plan. (2) All empty... the establishment and the container plant records are made available to Program employees. Additional...

9 CFR 381.301 - Containers and closures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... AGENCY ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY... examination should be based upon a statistical sampling plan. (2) All empty containers, closures, and flexible... the container plant records are made available to Program employees. Additional teardown examinations...

9 CFR 318.301 - Containers and closures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGENCY ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY... container integrity. Such an examination should be based upon a statistical sampling plan. (2) All empty... the establishment and the container plant records are made available to Program employees. Additional...

Noise Exposure Model MOD-5 : Volume 1

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1971-06-01

The report contains three sections. The first two sections are contained in Volume 1. It contains an airport analysis which describes the noise exposure model MOD-5 from the perspective of analysing an airport in order to develop the program input mo...

Program of Studies: Trade and Industrial: Grades 9-12.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fairfax County Schools, VA.

Part 1 of the trade and industrial education curriculum guide for grades 9-12 contains a brief program overview and Vocational Industrial Clubs of America (VICA) description, more detailed descriptions of in-school and out-of-school programs and program classification methods, a list of references, and charts of various programs and training…

25 CFR 26.25 - What constitutes a complete Job Placement Program application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What constitutes a complete Job Placement Program... JOB PLACEMENT AND TRAINING PROGRAM Job Placement Services § 26.25 What constitutes a complete Job Placement Program application? To be complete, a Job Placement Program application must contain all of the...

25 CFR 26.25 - What constitutes a complete Job Placement Program application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2012-04-01 2011-04-01 true What constitutes a complete Job Placement Program... JOB PLACEMENT AND TRAINING PROGRAM Job Placement Services § 26.25 What constitutes a complete Job Placement Program application? To be complete, a Job Placement Program application must contain all of the...

25 CFR 26.25 - What constitutes a complete Job Placement Program application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false What constitutes a complete Job Placement Program... JOB PLACEMENT AND TRAINING PROGRAM Job Placement Services § 26.25 What constitutes a complete Job Placement Program application? To be complete, a Job Placement Program application must contain all of the...

25 CFR 26.25 - What constitutes a complete Job Placement Program application?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false What constitutes a complete Job Placement Program... JOB PLACEMENT AND TRAINING PROGRAM Job Placement Services § 26.25 What constitutes a complete Job Placement Program application? To be complete, a Job Placement Program application must contain all of the...

Learning Programming Technique through Visual Programming Application as Learning Media with Fuzzy Rating

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Buditjahjanto, I. G. P. Asto; Nurlaela, Luthfiyah; Ekohariadi; Riduwan, Mochamad

2017-01-01

Programming technique is one of the subjects at Vocational High School in Indonesia. This subject contains theory and application of programming utilizing Visual Programming. Students experience some difficulties to learn textual learning. Therefore, it is necessary to develop media as a tool to transfer learning materials. The objectives of this…

RECAP (Rock County Education and Criminal Addictions Program) Program Manual Prepared to be of Assistance in Program Replication.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blackhawk Technical Coll., Janesville, WI.

This document, which is designed for practitioners involved in the vocational education/rehabilitation of incarcerated adults, contains materials to facilitate replication of the Rock County Education and Criminal Additions Program (RECAP), a comprehensive, integrated training/rehabilitation program that was developed and implemented through the…

SNAP: A computer program for generating symbolic network functions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lin, P. M.; Alderson, G. E.

1970-01-01

The computer program SNAP (symbolic network analysis program) generates symbolic network functions for networks containing R, L, and C type elements and all four types of controlled sources. The program is efficient with respect to program storage and execution time. A discussion of the basic algorithms is presented, together with user's and programmer's guides.

Education for Action: Undergraduate and Graduate Programs That Focus on Social Change. Fourth Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Powell, Joan, Ed.

This book provides graduates and undergraduates with detailed information about progressive programs for current and future activities in a variety of fields. Each entry contains a description of the program with faculty and program contact information. Listings include programs in agriculture, anthropology, area studies, development studies,…

User's manual for XTRAN2L (version 1.2): A program for solving the general-frequency unsteady transonic small-disturbance equation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Seidel, D. A.; Batina, J. T.

1986-01-01

The development, use and operation of the XTRAN2L program that solves the two dimensional unsteady transonic small disturbance potential equation are described. The XTRAN2L program is used to calculate steady and unsteady transonic flow fields about airfoils and is capable of performing self contained transonic flutter calculations. Operation of the XTRAN2L code is described, and tables defining all input variables, including default values, are presented. Sample cases that use various program options are shown to illustrate operation of XTRAN2L. Computer listings containing input and selected output are included as an aid to the user.

Revised ground-water monitoring compliance plan for the 300 area process trenches

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Schalla, R.; Aaberg, R.L.; Bates, D.J.

1988-09-01

This document contains ground-water monitoring plans for process-water disposal trenches located on the Hanford Site. These trenches, designated the 300 Area Process Trenches, have been used since 1973 for disposal of water that contains small quantities of both chemicals and radionuclides. The ground-water monitoring plans contained herein represent revision and expansion of an effort initiated in June 1985. At that time, a facility-specific monitoring program was implemented at the 300 Area Process Trenches as part of a regulatory compliance effort for hazardous chemicals being conducted on the Hanford Site. This monitoring program was based on the ground-water monitoring requirements formore » interim-status facilities, which are those facilities that do not yet have final permits, but are authorized to continue interim operations while engaged in the permitting process. The applicable monitoring requirements are described in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), 40 CFR 265.90 of the federal regulations, and in WAC 173-303-400 of Washington State's regulations (Washington State Department of Ecology 1986). The program implemented for the process trenches was designed to be an alternate program, which is required instead of the standard detection program when a facility is known or suspected to have contaminated the ground water in the uppermost aquifer. The plans for the program, contained in a document prepared by the US Department of Energy (USDOE) in 1985, called for monthly sampling of 14 of the 37 existing monitoring wells at the 300 Area plus the installation and sampling of 2 new wells. 27 refs., 25 figs., 15 tabs.« less

Complexities within distal sheet turbidite deposits: case study 160,000ka Icod Turbidite, Moroccan Turbidite System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hunt, James; Wynn, Russell

2010-05-01

The Icod landslide from the northern flank of Tenerife not only generated a debris avalanche phase (Watts & Masson, 1995; Masson et al. 2002), but produced a volcaniclastic turbidite that spans three interconnected basins. The Icod turbidite (160,000ka) was reported and correlated during work in the Madeira Abyssal Plain (Pearce & Jarvis, 1992; Rothwell, Pearce & Weaver, 1992). Here it forms a series of vertically stacked sand bodies accumulating into a single event bed. However, the Madeira Abyssal Plain is fed from the Agadir Basin by a series of channels, thus invoking a level of complexity to the deposit with the flow exiting channels at different times. The Icod turbidite can be found deposited more proximally to source in the Agadir Basin as a 0.3-0.6m stacked sand with accompanying 0.2-1.5m mudcap. With this stacked sand facies present here a number of other mechanisms can still be viable: (1) multistage retrogressive landslide failure, (2) flow reflection and (3) internal waves. Geochemical methodologies including ICP-AES, ICP-MS, XRF, ITRAX micro-XRF, SEM EDS and laser-diffraction grain-size analysis have been employed here to investigate the potential of a retrogressive failure at source being the driver of this facies. Evidence suggests that this stacked sand facies in this case is derived from the failure mechanism at source. Five vertical sand packages have been identified and correlated through the Agadir Basin, with the initial basal package representing the thickest. However, this amalgamated sand displays degrees of complexity with correlated internal erosional surfaces marked by sand-sand grain-size breaks. There are also sand-sand grain-size breaks found at the transition between facies associated with flow properties i.e. Bouma Tb parallel laminations and Bouma Tc ripple laminations. Each of the stacked sand intervals also has a sand-mud grain-size break present at the top of the package. This sand-mud break could possibly indicate (1) bypass of coarse silt or (2) removal of previously deposited silt by erosion of a post-depositional mudflow associated with mudcap remobilisation. Further to the stacked subunit facies and grain-size breaks, there are additional complexities to the deposit. An omission of a typical Bouma Ta facies is observed, replaced with a thick well-developed banded Bouma Tb, representing density sorting and flow fractionation of dense basaltic clasts and >100μm foraminifera. Above developing ripple laminations associated with Bouma Tc development is a 0.2-0.5m thick convolute laminated sand. This convoluted sand represents increasing shear stress across developing ripples. Grain-size analysis and ITRAX x-radiographs highlighted an additional process within the mudcaps of the Icod turbidite within the Agadir Basin. The mudcap thickens towards the base of incline from the Agadir Basin to the Selvage Islands. Within the cores with an over-thickened mudcap, the mudcap contained silt contortions. X-radiographs using ITRAX further displayed these contorted silts in the mudcaps. Grain-size analysis was used to confirm the presence of silt and poor sorting through the regions of contortions. These contorted muds have a debritic fabric, and could represent post-depositional remobilisation of the accumulative suspended clay fraction as a mudflow, as it was settling on a gradient and destabilising. This presentation will show the complexities present in even distal sheet turbidites, and that detailed multidisciplinary studies are required to unravel the mechanisms at work during their deposition. Pearce, T.J., & Jarvis I. 1992. Composition and provenance of turbidite sands: Late Quaternary, Madeira Abyssal Plain. Rothwell, R.G., Pearce, I., & Weaver, P.P.E. 1992. Late Quaternary evolution of the Madeira Abyssal Plain, Canary Basin, NE Atlantic. Basin Research, vol.4, no.2, p.103-131. Watts, A.B., & Masson, D.G. 1995. A giant landslide on the north flank of Tenerife, Canary Islands. Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.100, no.B12, p.24,487-24,498. Masson, D.G., Watts, A.B., Gee, M.J.R., Urgeles, R., Mitchell, N.C., Le Bas, T.P., & Canals, M. 2002. Slope failures on the flanks of the western Canary Islands. Earth-Science Reviews, 57, p.1-35.

Long term volcanic hazard analysis in the Canary Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Becerril, L.; Galindo, I.; Laín, L.; Llorente, M.; Mancebo, M. J.

2009-04-01

Historic volcanism in Spain is restricted to the Canary Islands, a volcanic archipelago formed by seven volcanic islands. Several historic eruptions have been registered in the last five hundred years. However, and despite the huge amount of citizens and tourist in the archipelago, only a few volcanic hazard studies have been carried out. These studies are mainly focused in the developing of hazard maps in Lanzarote and Tenerife islands, especially for land use planning. The main handicap for these studies in the Canary Islands is the lack of well reported historical eruptions, but also the lack of data such as geochronological, geochemical or structural. In recent years, the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and the improvement in the volcanic processes modelling has provided an important tool for volcanic hazard assessment. Although this sophisticated programs are really useful they need to be fed by a huge amount of data that sometimes, such in the case of the Canary Islands, are not available. For this reason, the Spanish Geological Survey (IGME) is developing a complete geo-referenced database for long term volcanic analysis in the Canary Islands. The Canarian Volcanic Hazard Database (HADA) is based on a GIS helping to organize and manage volcanic information efficiently. HADA includes the following groups of information: (1) 1:25.000 scale geologic maps, (2) 1:25.000 topographic maps, (3) geochronologic data, (4) geochemical data, (5) structural information, (6) climatic data. Data must pass a quality control before they are included in the database. New data are easily integrated in the database. With the HADA database the IGME has started a systematic organization of the existing data. In the near future, the IGME will generate new information to be included in HADA, such as volcanological maps of the islands, structural information, geochronological data and other information to assess long term volcanic hazard analysis. HADA will permit having enough quality information to map volcanic hazards and to run more reliable models of volcanic hazards, but in addition it aims to become a sharing system, improving communication between researchers, reducing redundant work and to be the reference for geological research in the Canary Islands.

7 CFR 773.1 - Introduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... SPECIAL PROGRAMS SPECIAL APPLE LOAN PROGRAM § 773.1 Introduction. This part contains the terms and conditions for loans made under the Special Apple Loan Program. These regulations are applicable to... program objective is to assist producers of apples suffering from economic loss as a result of low apple...

7 CFR 773.1 - Introduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... SPECIAL PROGRAMS SPECIAL APPLE LOAN PROGRAM § 773.1 Introduction. This part contains the terms and conditions for loans made under the Special Apple Loan Program. These regulations are applicable to... program objective is to assist producers of apples suffering from economic loss as a result of low apple...

7 CFR 773.1 - Introduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... SPECIAL PROGRAMS SPECIAL APPLE LOAN PROGRAM § 773.1 Introduction. This part contains the terms and conditions for loans made under the Special Apple Loan Program. These regulations are applicable to... program objective is to assist producers of apples suffering from economic loss as a result of low apple...

7 CFR 773.1 - Introduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... SPECIAL PROGRAMS SPECIAL APPLE LOAN PROGRAM § 773.1 Introduction. This part contains the terms and conditions for loans made under the Special Apple Loan Program. These regulations are applicable to... program objective is to assist producers of apples suffering from economic loss as a result of low apple...

7 CFR 773.1 - Introduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... SPECIAL PROGRAMS SPECIAL APPLE LOAN PROGRAM § 773.1 Introduction. This part contains the terms and conditions for loans made under the Special Apple Loan Program. These regulations are applicable to... program objective is to assist producers of apples suffering from economic loss as a result of low apple...

Project MOVE Program Planning Kit.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farris, Charlotte J.

This program planning kit contains information and activities on evaluation, change, leadership, and sex stereotyping which provided the basis for planning Project MOVE (Maximizing Options in Vocational Education) programs but which can be generalized and adapted for use in planning other programs. Assumptions ano guidelines based upon theory and…

Health Occupations Education. Vocational Education Program Courses Standards.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Div. of Vocational, Adult, and Community Education.

This document contains vocational education program courses standards for exploratory courses, practical arts courses, and job preparatory programs offered at the secondary or postsecondary level. Each program standard is composed of two parts: a curriculum framework and student performance standards. The curriculum framework includes four major…

Model Entrepreneurship Programs. Special Publication Series No. 53.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ross, Novella; Kurth, Paula

This collection contains descriptions of model entrepreneurship education programs submitted by 10 states. The first section deals with the Colorado Network of Small Business Programs and the Colorado Entrepreneurship Education Infusion Project. Described next is a model teacher education program in entrepreneurship education that was implemented…

Competency-Based Adult Education Research and Innovation Catalog.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bureau of Occupational and Adult Education (DHEW/OE), Washington, DC. Div. of Adult Education.

This document contains abstracts describing competency-based programs related to the Adult Performance Level (APL) project and adult education. The catalog is divided into two sections: state program implementation and local program implementation. The first section describes programs and research projects currently active in Alabama, California,…

Appliance Servicing Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia Univ., Athens. Dept. of Vocational Education.

This program guide presents the standard appliance servicing technician curriculum for technical institutes in Georgia. The general information section contains the following: purpose and objectives; program description, including admissions, typical job titles, and accreditation and certification; and curriculum model, including standard…

Educational Leadership.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tollett, John R., Ed.

This document contains the following papers on educational leadership programs and technology: (1) "Technology Standards for School Administrators: Implications for Administrator Preparation Programs" (Warren C. Hope, Bernadette Kelley, and Janet A. Guyden); (2) "Information Technology and the Transformation of Leadership Preparation Programs: A…

System for measuring radioactivity of labelled biopolymers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gross, V.

1980-07-08

A system is described for measuring radioactivity of labelled biopolymers, comprising: a set of containers adapted for receiving aqueous solutions of biological samples containing biopolymers which are subsequently precipitated in said containers on particles of diatomite in the presence of a coprecipitator, then filtered, dissolved, and mixed with a scintillator; radioactivity measuring means including a detection chamber to which is fed the mixture produced in said set of containers; an electric drive for moving said set of containers in a stepwise manner; means for proportional feeding of said coprecipitator and a suspension of diatomite in an acid solution to saidmore » containers which contain the biological sample for forming an acid precipitation of biopolymers; means for the removal of precipitated samples from said containers; precipitated biopolymer filtering means for successively filtering the precipitate, suspending the precipitate, dissolving the biopolymers mixed with said scintillator for feeding of the mixture to said detection chamber; a system of pipelines interconnecting said above-recited means; and said means for measuring radioactivity of labelled biopolymers including, a measuring cell arranged in a detection chamber and communicating with said means for filtering precipitated biopolymers through one pipeline of said system of pipelines; a program unit electrically connected to said electric drive, said means for acid precipatation of biopolymers, said means for the removal of precipitated samples from said containers, said filtering means, and said radioactivity measuring device; said program unit adapted to periodically switch on and off the above-recited means and check the sequence of the radioactivity measuring operations; and a control unit for controlling the initiation of the system and for selecting programs.« less

The current status and portability of our sequence handling software.

PubMed Central

Staden, R

1986-01-01

I describe the current status of our sequence analysis software. The package contains a comprehensive suite of programs for managing large shotgun sequencing projects, a program containing 61 functions for analysing single sequences and a program for comparing pairs of sequences for similarity. The programs that have been described before have been improved by the addition of new functions and by being made very much easier to use. The major interactive programs have 125 pages of online help available from within them. Several new programs are described including screen editing of aligned gel readings for shotgun sequencing projects; a method to highlight errors in aligned gel readings, new methods for searching for putative signals in sequences. We use the programs on a VAX computer but the whole package has been rewritten to make it easy to transport it to other machines. I believe the programs will now run on any machine with a FORTRAN77 compiler and sufficient memory. We are currently putting the programs onto an IBM PC XT/AT and another micro running under UNIX. PMID:3511446

Development of pressure containment and damage tolerance technology for composite fuselage structures in large transport aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, P. J.; Thomson, L. W.; Wilson, R. D.

1986-01-01

NASA sponsored composites research and development programs were set in place to develop the critical engineering technologies in large transport aircraft structures. This NASA-Boeing program focused on the critical issues of damage tolerance and pressure containment generic to the fuselage structure of large pressurized aircraft. Skin-stringer and honeycomb sandwich composite fuselage shell designs were evaluated to resolve these issues. Analyses were developed to model the structural response of the fuselage shell designs, and a development test program evaluated the selected design configurations to appropriate load conditions.

PROGRAMED INSTRUCTION AS A STRATEGY FOR DEVELOPING CURRICULA FOR CHILDREN FROM DISADVANTAGED BACKGROUNDS.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

GOTKIN, LASSAR G.

MATRIX GAMES IS A MODIFIED PROGRAMED-INSTRUCTION APPROACH TO TEACHING AND DEVELOPING LANGUAGE SKILLS. IN THIS STUDY, A BOARD DISPLAYING 16 PICTURES IN A 4 X 4 MATRIX WAS PLACED IN FRONT OF SEVERAL 4- OR 5-YEAR-OLDS. THE PICTURES COMPOSING A ROW CONTAINED A COMMON ITEM, FOR EXAMPLE, A BOY. THE PICTURES OF A COLUMN ALSO CONTAINED A COMMON ITEM, FOR…

Programs of Study and Support Services Guide. Workforce Development Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Carolina State Dept. of Public Instruction, Raleigh.

This document was developed to assist local school systems in North Carolina in planning effective and comprehensive workforce development education programs. It contains information about planning, required resources, instructional guidelines, and program area offerings. The guide is organized in three parts. Part I provides a program description…

MG SPROUTS: A Project-in-a-Box Approach to Educational Programming

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dorn,Sheri; Slagle, Krissy

2016-01-01

MG SPROUTS was developed as a "project-in-a-box" program, a self-contained educational programming tool for Extension agents working with master gardener Extension volunteers (MGEVs). The program design incorporates programmatic materials and project management materials and follows best management practices for volunteer management. MG…

Discovering Knowledge from Noisy Databases Using Genetic Programming.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wong, Man Leung; Leung, Kwong Sak; Cheng, Jack C. Y.

2000-01-01

Presents a framework that combines Genetic Programming and Inductive Logic Programming, two approaches in data mining, to induce knowledge from noisy databases. The framework is based on a formalism of logic grammars and is implemented as a data mining system called LOGENPRO (Logic Grammar-based Genetic Programming System). (Contains 34…

Oleanna Math Program Smorgasbord (I).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coole, Walter A.

This packet is a compilation of short units and quick review assignments used in the Oleanna Math Program at Skagit Valley College (Washington). This math program is taught in an auto-tutorial learning laboratory situation with programmed materials. Each unit of study is contained on a 5" by 8" card, which describes performance…

Fundamentals of Construction. Introduction to Construction Series. Instructor Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oklahoma State Dept. of Vocational and Technical Education, Stillwater. Curriculum and Instructional Materials Center.

This competency-based curriculum guide begins the Introduction to Construction series. The series is designed with the flexible training requirements of open shop contractors, preapprenticeship programs, multicraft high school programs, technology education programs, and cooperative education programs in mind. This guide contains 3 sections and 15…

Nature's Classroom: A Program Guide for Camps and Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cassens, Jennifer R., Ed.

This guide assists instructors in planning outdoor experiences, particularly in a camp setting. Although it is not a pre-packaged program, the book contains over 40 outdoor programming ideas, allowing instructors to create their own programs. It includes suggestions for goal setting, scheduling, housing, staffing, curriculum planning, policy…

Maryland Community Colleges 1980 Program Evaluations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maryland State Board for Community Colleges, Annapolis.

This report contains qualitative evaluations of 48 programs throughout the Maryland community college system, as well as a statewide evaluation of Teacher Education transfer programs. A summary of the Teacher Education programs is presented first, in which the purpose and role of teacher education in the community college, enrollment trends,…

25 CFR 170.801 - What is the BIA Road Maintenance Program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What is the BIA Road Maintenance Program? 170.801 Section... ROADS PROGRAM BIA Road Maintenance § 170.801 What is the BIA Road Maintenance Program? The BIA Road... subpart contains a list of activities that are eligible for funding under the BIA road maintenance program. ...

Science Education Programs That work. A Collection of Proven Exemplary Educational Programs and Practices in the National Diffusion Network.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lewis, Mary G., Comp.

This catalog contains descriptions of the science education programs in the National Diffusion Network (NDN). These programs are available to school systems or other educational institutions for implementation in their classrooms. Some programs may be able to offer consultant services and limited assistance with the training and materials…

Science Education Programs That Work. A Collection of Proven Exemplary Educational Programs and Practices in the National Diffusion Network.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Office of Educational Research and Improvement (ED), Washington, DC. National Diffusion Network.

The National Diffusion Network (NDN) is a federally funded system that makes exemplary educational programs available for use by schools, colleges, and other institutions. This publication contains information describing the science education programs currently in the NDN, along with procedural information on how to access these programs. The…

Mississippi Curriculum Framework for Dental Assisting Technology Programs (Program CIP: 51.0601--Dental Assistant). Postsecondary Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mississippi Research and Curriculum Unit for Vocational and Technical Education, State College.

This document, which is intended for use by community and junior colleges throughout Mississippi, contains curriculum frameworks for the course sequences in the dental assisting technology program. Presented in the introductory section are a description of the program and suggested course sequence. Section I lists baseline competencies. Section II…

Process compressor technology. Volume 2: TI-59 manual for estimating centrifugal compressor performance

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lapina, R.P.

1983-01-01

This volume provides the performance-estimating procedures of Volume 1 in the from of calculator programs. Each chapter contains one program and is divided into five parts: the background (which develops the technology and equations); the program description; user instructions; sample problems; and the program listing. More than 25 programs are included.

Comprehensive Erosion and Sediment Control Training Program for Job Superintendents and Inspectors.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Porter, Harry L., Jr.

One of two training program texts built around the Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control Law and Program, this guide presents a program designed to meet the needs of job superintendents and inspectors. (The other guide, containing a program for engineers, architects, and planners, was designed to train professional people who need engineering and…

Mississippi Curriculum Framework for Welding and Cutting Programs (Program CIP: 48.0508--Welder/Welding Technologist). Postsecondary Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mississippi Research and Curriculum Unit for Vocational and Technical Education, State College.

This document, which is intended for use by community and junior colleges throughout Mississippi, contains curriculum frameworks for the course sequences in the welding and cutting programs cluster. Presented in the introductory section are a description of the program and suggested course sequence. Section I lists baseline competencies, and…

Mississippi Curriculum Framework for Surgical Technology Programs (CIP: 51.0909--Surgical/Operating Room Tech.). Postsecondary Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mississippi Research and Curriculum Unit for Vocational and Technical Education, State College.

This document, which is intended for use by community and junior colleges throughout Mississippi, contains curriculum frameworks for the course sequences in the surgical technology program. Presented in the introductory section are a description of the program and suggested course sequence. Section I lists baseline competencies for the program,…

Newborn screening education on the internet: a content analysis of North American newborn screening program websites.

PubMed

Araia, Makda H; Potter, Beth K

2011-09-01

The Internet is a potentially important medium for communication about public health programs including newborn screening. This study explores whether the information available on official newborn screening program websites is consistent with existing guidelines regarding educational content for parents. We conducted a systematic search of the public websites of newborn screening programs in the US and Canada, identifying web pages and downloadable brochures that contained educational information. Two researchers independently reviewed all documents to determine the extent to which they included 14 key recommended educational messages. We identified 85 documents containing educational information on 46 US and 6 Canadian newborn screening program websites. The documents contained from 1 to 14 of the recommended messages. The majority of identified materials emphasized the importance and benefits of screening. The differences between US and Canadian materials were related to the importance of parental involvement in follow-up and issues of consent and storage of blood spots. Our findings are consistent with studies of non-web-based newborn screening education materials. The results emphasize the need for further evaluation of newborn screening education, including internet-based resources, particularly in terms of the impact of particular messages on parental attitudes and behaviors.

Biotechnology Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia Univ., Athens. Dept. of Vocational Education.

This program quide presents the biotechnology curriculum for technical institutes in Georgia. The general information section contains the following: purpose and objectives; program description, including admissions, typical job titles, and accreditation and certification; and curriculum model, including standard curriculum sequence and lists of…

Preference and Priority in Federal Funding: Aligning Federal Resources to Maximize Program Investment Efficiency and Impacts in Communities

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This page contains the document, Preference and Priority in Federal Funding: Aligning Federal Resources to Maximize Program Investment Efficiency and Impacts in Communities - Lessons from EPA’s Brownfields Program.

Service and methods demonstration program annual report - executive summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1979-08-01

This report contains a summary of the contents of the Service and Methods Demonstration Program Annual Report for Fiscal Year 1978. Program activities and accomplishments discussed in the Annual Report are reviewed including findings and insights fro...

14 CFR 120.101 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... OPERATORS FOR COMPENSATION OR HIRE: CERTIFICATION AND OPERATIONS DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING PROGRAM Drug Testing Program Requirements § 120.101 Scope. This subpart contains the standards and components that must be included in a drug testing program required by this part. ...

14 CFR 120.101 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... OPERATORS FOR COMPENSATION OR HIRE: CERTIFICATION AND OPERATIONS DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING PROGRAM Drug Testing Program Requirements § 120.101 Scope. This subpart contains the standards and components that must be included in a drug testing program required by this part. ...

14 CFR 120.101 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... OPERATORS FOR COMPENSATION OR HIRE: CERTIFICATION AND OPERATIONS DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING PROGRAM Drug Testing Program Requirements § 120.101 Scope. This subpart contains the standards and components that must be included in a drug testing program required by this part. ...

14 CFR 120.101 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... OPERATORS FOR COMPENSATION OR HIRE: CERTIFICATION AND OPERATIONS DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING PROGRAM Drug Testing Program Requirements § 120.101 Scope. This subpart contains the standards and components that must be included in a drug testing program required by this part. ...

14 CFR 120.101 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... OPERATORS FOR COMPENSATION OR HIRE: CERTIFICATION AND OPERATIONS DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING PROGRAM Drug Testing Program Requirements § 120.101 Scope. This subpart contains the standards and components that must be included in a drug testing program required by this part. ...

Civil Engineering Technology Program Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia Univ., Athens. Dept. of Vocational Education.

This program guide presents civil engineering technology curriculum for technical institutes in Georgia. The general information section contains the following: purpose and objectives; program description, including admissions, typical job titles, and accreditation and certification; and curriculum model, including standard curriculum sequence and…

Pacific Southwest Tribal Program Newsletters

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Pacific Southwest Tribal Program newsletters contain news and events of interest to tribal communities including: environmental news, upcoming meetings, webinars and training, grants, jobs and internships.

40 CFR 165.81 - Scope of stationary pesticide containers included.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 24 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Scope of stationary pesticide... (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Standards for Pesticide Containment Structures § 165.81 Scope of stationary pesticide containers included. (a) What is a stationary pesticide...

40 CFR 165.81 - Scope of stationary pesticide containers included.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 24 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Scope of stationary pesticide... (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Standards for Pesticide Containment Structures § 165.81 Scope of stationary pesticide containers included. (a) What is a stationary pesticide...

40 CFR 165.81 - Scope of stationary pesticide containers included.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Scope of stationary pesticide... (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Standards for Pesticide Containment Structures § 165.81 Scope of stationary pesticide containers included. (a) What is a stationary pesticide...

40 CFR 165.81 - Scope of stationary pesticide containers included.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Scope of stationary pesticide... (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Standards for Pesticide Containment Structures § 165.81 Scope of stationary pesticide containers included. (a) What is a stationary pesticide...

40 CFR 165.81 - Scope of stationary pesticide containers included.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 23 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Scope of stationary pesticide... (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Standards for Pesticide Containment Structures § 165.81 Scope of stationary pesticide containers included. (a) What is a stationary pesticide...

Educational Programs That Work. A Catalogue of Demonstration Sites of Successful Educational Programs Developed through the New Jersey Elementary and Secondary Education Act, Title III Program. 1974-75 Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Soper, Dorothy B.

This catalogue contains descriptions of 17 successful education programs developed in New Jersey public schools and validated by U.S. Office of Education Standards. Most programs are funded to offer dissemination services and/or materials to educators. Programs discussed are the following: (a) Academic Advancement Program: Mathematics; (b) Project…

Lidar performance analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Spiers, Gary D.

1994-01-01

Section 1 details the theory used to build the lidar model, provides results of using the model to evaluate AEOLUS design instrument designs, and provides snapshots of the visual appearance of the coded model. Appendix A contains a Fortran program to calculate various forms of the refractive index structure function. This program was used to determine the refractive index structure function used in the main lidar simulation code. Appendix B contains a memo on the optimization of the lidar telescope geometry for a line-scan geometry. Appendix C contains the code for the main lidar simulation and brief instruction on running the code. Appendix D contains a Fortran code to calculate the maximum permissible exposure for the eye from the ANSI Z136.1-1992 eye safety standards. Appendix E contains a paper on the eye safety analysis of a space-based coherent lidar presented at the 7th Coherent Laser Radar Applications and Technology Conference, Paris, France, 19-23 July 1993.

Information Security: Federal Guidance Needed to Address Control Issues With Implementing Cloud Computing

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-05-01

Figure 2: Cloud Computing Deployment Models 13 Figure 3: NIST Essential Characteristics 14 Figure 4: NASA Nebula Container 37...Access Computing Environment (RACE) program, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) Nebula program, and the Department of...computing programs: the DOD’s RACE program; NASA’s Nebula program; and Department of Transportation’s CARS program, including lessons learned related

Mississippi Curriculum Framework for Horticulture Technology Cluster (Program CIP: 01.0601--Horticulture Serv. Op. & Mgmt., Gen.) (Program CIP: 01.0605--Landscaping Op. & Mgmt.). Postsecondary Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mississippi Research and Curriculum Unit for Vocational and Technical Education, State College.

This document, which is intended for use by community and junior colleges throughout Mississippi, contains curriculum frameworks for the course sequences in the horticulture technology programs cluster. Presented in the introductory section are a framework of programs and courses, description of the programs, and suggested course sequences for…

Software For Nearly Optimal Packing Of Cargo

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fennel, Theron R.; Daughtrey, Rodney S.; Schwaab, Doug G.

1994-01-01

PACKMAN computer program used to find nearly optimal arrangements of cargo items in storage containers, subject to such multiple packing objectives as utilization of volumes of containers, utilization of containers up to limits on weights, and other considerations. Automatic packing algorithm employed attempts to find best positioning of cargo items in container, such that volume and weight capacity of container both utilized to maximum extent possible. Written in Common LISP.

Disease management: findings from leading state programs.

PubMed

Wheatley, Ben

2002-12-01

Disease management programs are designed to contain costs by improving health among the chronically ill. More than 20 states are now engaged in developing and implementing Medicaid disease management programs for their primary care case management and fee-for-service populations.

Solid Waste Program technical baseline description

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carlson, A.B.

1994-07-01

The system engineering approach has been taken to describe the technical baseline under which the Solid Waste Program is currently operating. The document contains a mission analysis, function analysis, system definition, documentation requirements, facility and project bases, and uncertainties facing the program.

Plans for Action.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Restaurant Association/American Vocational Association Advisory Council.

This document contains transcripts of nine speeches presented at a panel discussion. During the panel presentations, speakers, who are restauranteurs, food service vocational teachers, food service program coordinators, and industry association representatives, described the programs with which they are involved. The programs range from having…

Media Matters.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Neie, Van E.

1983-01-01

Describes "The Kinetic Karnival of Jearl Walker," six 30-minute television programs. Programs focus on: forces/collisions; rotation; fluid flow and friction; viscosity; Leidenfrost effect; and the science of cooking. Teacher's manual containing description, class preparation, questions, and bibliography are provided with each program (available in…

40 CFR 165.65 - Registrants who distribute or sell pesticide products in refillable containers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... pesticide products in refillable containers. 165.65 Section 165.65 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Standards for Repackaging Pesticide Products into Refillable Containers § 165.65 Registrants who distribute or sell pesticide products...

40 CFR 165.65 - Registrants who distribute or sell pesticide products in refillable containers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... pesticide products in refillable containers. 165.65 Section 165.65 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Standards for Repackaging Pesticide Products into Refillable Containers § 165.65 Registrants who distribute or sell pesticide products...

40 CFR 165.65 - Registrants who distribute or sell pesticide products in refillable containers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... pesticide products in refillable containers. 165.65 Section 165.65 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Standards for Repackaging Pesticide Products into Refillable Containers § 165.65 Registrants who distribute or sell pesticide products...

40 CFR 165.65 - Registrants who distribute or sell pesticide products in refillable containers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... pesticide products in refillable containers. 165.65 Section 165.65 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PESTICIDE PROGRAMS PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL Standards for Repackaging Pesticide Products into Refillable Containers § 165.65 Registrants who distribute or sell pesticide products...

76 FR 10406 - Records Schedules; Availability and Request for Comments

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-24

... containing license, registration, and inspection data on businesses and organizations that buy, sell, exhibit... Medicare Part D program (prescription drug coverage), containing beneficiary information, prescription drug...

First Apollo 11 sample return containers arrive at Ellington AFB

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1969-01-01

The first Apollo 11 sample return container, containing lunar surface material, arrives at Ellington Air Force Base by air from the Pacific recovery area. Happily posing for photographs with the rock box are (left to right) George M. Low, Manager, Apollo Spacecraft Program, Manned Spacecraft Center (MSC); U.S. Air Force Lt. Gen. Samuel C. Phillips, Apollo Program Director, Office of Manned Space Flight, NASA HQ.; George S. Trimble, MSC Deputy Director (almost obscured); Eugene G. Edmonds, MSC Photographic Technology Laboratory; RIchard S. Johnston (in back), Special Assistant to the MSC Director; Dr. Thomas O. Paine, NASA Administrator; and Dr. Robert R. Gilruth, MSC Director.

Autos, tires, aluminum, oil--and cost containment.

PubMed

Friedman, E

1978-09-01

Faced with massive increases in the costs of the health care benefits they provide for their employees, many large U.S. corporations are becoming increasingly involved in efforts to contain health care costs. Often seeing their efforts as posing an alternative to direct federal government intervention, business leaders are implementing a wide range of programs, including specific arrangements with providers, education of hospital trustees who are also employees, and fitness and preventive medicine programs.

Research on Statistical Methodology Applicable to Technical Problems Associated with Navy Programs.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-10-01

the fleetwide use of organotin antifouling paints that contain tributyltin ( TBT ), a tin-based compound, as a biocide. Organotin antifouling compounds...with this program has been devoted to providing technical and analytical support on various related statistical aspects. The TBT -release rate of a...paini ;q detrmined by placing a coated specimen panel or cylinder into a container of synthetic seawater, measuring the increasing concentration of TBT in