46 CFR 154.172 - Contiguous steel hull structure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Contiguous steel hull structure. 154.172 Section 154.172... Structure § 154.172 Contiguous steel hull structure. (a) Except as allowed in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this... construction of the contiguous steel hull structure must meet the thickness and steel grade in Table 1 for the...

46 CFR 154.180 - Contiguous hull structure: Welding procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Contiguous hull structure: Welding procedure. 154.180 Section 154.180 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS... Equipment Hull Structure § 154.180 Contiguous hull structure: Welding procedure. Welding procedure tests for...

46 CFR 154.180 - Contiguous hull structure: Welding procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Contiguous hull structure: Welding procedure. 154.180 Section 154.180 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS... Equipment Hull Structure § 154.180 Contiguous hull structure: Welding procedure. Welding procedure tests for...

46 CFR 154.180 - Contiguous hull structure: Welding procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Contiguous hull structure: Welding procedure. 154.180 Section 154.180 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS... Equipment Hull Structure § 154.180 Contiguous hull structure: Welding procedure. Welding procedure tests for...

46 CFR 154.180 - Contiguous hull structure: Welding procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Contiguous hull structure: Welding procedure. 154.180 Section 154.180 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS... Equipment Hull Structure § 154.180 Contiguous hull structure: Welding procedure. Welding procedure tests for...

46 CFR 154.172 - Contiguous steel hull structure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Contiguous steel hull structure. 154.172 Section 154.172... STANDARDS FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS CARRYING BULK LIQUEFIED GASES Design, Construction and Equipment Hull Structure § 154.172 Contiguous steel hull structure. (a) Except as allowed in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this...

46 CFR 38.05-1 - Design and construction of vessels-general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... system shall satisfy the requirements for toughness specified in subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of... secondary barrier is required, the material of that barrier and of contiguous hull structure shall have...

46 CFR 38.05-1 - Design and construction of vessels-general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... so arranged as to prevent the flow of cargo vapor from the weather deck into such spaces. In this... secondary barrier is required, the material of that barrier and of contiguous hull structure shall have... within the secondary barrier. Materials used in the fabrication of the cargo containment and handling...

46 CFR 38.05-1 - Design and construction of vessels-general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... so arranged as to prevent the flow of cargo vapor from the weather deck into such spaces. In this... secondary barrier is required, the material of that barrier and of contiguous hull structure shall have... within the secondary barrier. Materials used in the fabrication of the cargo containment and handling...

46 CFR 38.05-1 - Design and construction of vessels-general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... so arranged as to prevent the flow of cargo vapor from the weather deck into such spaces. In this... secondary barrier is required, the material of that barrier and of contiguous hull structure shall have... within the secondary barrier. Materials used in the fabrication of the cargo containment and handling...

46 CFR 108.133 - Hull superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks, and deckhouses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks, and deckhouses. 108.133 Section 108.133 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) A... Protection § 108.133 Hull superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks, and deckhouses. Each hull...

46 CFR 108.133 - Hull superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks, and deckhouses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Hull superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks, and deckhouses. 108.133 Section 108.133 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) A... Protection § 108.133 Hull superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks, and deckhouses. Each hull...

46 CFR 108.133 - Hull superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks, and deckhouses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Hull superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks, and deckhouses. 108.133 Section 108.133 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) A... Protection § 108.133 Hull superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks, and deckhouses. Each hull...

46 CFR 71.50-3 - Drydock examination, internal structural examination, underwater survey, and alternate hull exam...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., underwater survey, and alternate hull exam intervals. 71.50-3 Section 71.50-3 Shipping COAST GUARD...-3 Drydock examination, internal structural examination, underwater survey, and alternate hull exam... wooden hulls must undergo two drydock and two internal structural examinations within any five year...

46 CFR 91.40-3 - Drydock examination, internal structural examination, cargo tank internal examination, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... independent tanks 3 Wood hull ship and barge Unmanned deck cargo barge 4 Unmanned double hull freight barge 5....40-3(a)—Salt Water Service Vessels Examination Intervals in Years Single hull ship and barge Double... hull structure. 5 Applicable to unmanned/non-permissively manned double hull freight barges (double...

46 CFR 91.40-3 - Drydock examination, internal structural examination, cargo tank internal examination, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... independent tanks 3 Wood hull ship and barge Unmanned deck cargo barge 4 Unmanned double hull freight barge 5....40-3(a)—Salt Water Service Vessels Examination Intervals in Years Single hull ship and barge Double... hull structure. 5 Applicable to unmanned/non-permissively manned double hull freight barges (double...

46 CFR 91.40-3 - Drydock examination, internal structural examination, cargo tank internal examination, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... independent tanks 3 Wood hull ship and barge Unmanned deck cargo barge 4 Unmanned double hull freight barge 5....40-3(a)—Salt Water Service Vessels Examination Intervals in Years Single hull ship and barge Double... hull structure. 5 Applicable to unmanned/non-permissively manned double hull freight barges (double...

46 CFR 91.40-3 - Drydock examination, internal structural examination, cargo tank internal examination, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... independent tanks 3 Wood hull ship and barge Unmanned deck cargo barge 4 Unmanned double hull freight barge 5....40-3(a)—Salt Water Service Vessels Examination Intervals in Years Single hull ship and barge Double... hull structure. 5 Applicable to unmanned/non-permissively manned double hull freight barges (double...

46 CFR 91.40-3 - Drydock examination, internal structural examination, cargo tank internal examination, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... hull barge with internal framing 1 Double hull barge with external framing 2 Single hull barge with..., ends, and bottoms) when the structural framing is on the internal tank surface. 2 Applicable to double hull tank barges (double sides, ends, and bottoms) when the structural framing is on the external tank...

Method and program product for determining a radiance field in an optical environment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reinersman, Phillip N. (Inventor); Carder, Kendall L. (Inventor)

2007-01-01

A hybrid method is presented by which Monte Carlo techniques are combined with iterative relaxation techniques to solve the Radiative Transfer Equation in arbitrary one-, two- or three-dimensional optical environments. The optical environments are first divided into contiguous regions, or elements, with Monte Carlo techniques then being employed to determine the optical response function of each type of element. The elements are combined, and the iterative relaxation techniques are used to determine simultaneously the radiance field on the boundary and throughout the interior of the modeled environment. This hybrid model is capable of providing estimates of the under-water light field needed to expedite inspection of ship hulls and port facilities. It is also capable of providing estimates of the subaerial light field for structured, absorbing or non-absorbing environments such as shadows of mountain ranges within and without absorption spectral bands such as water vapor or CO.sub.2 bands.

46 CFR 32.70-5 - Hull requirements; general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., AND HULL REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Steel Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10... Charge, Marine Inspection, shall satisfy himself that the vessel's structure as specified in this section...

46 CFR 32.70-5 - Hull requirements; general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., AND HULL REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Steel Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10... Charge, Marine Inspection, shall satisfy himself that the vessel's structure as specified in this section...

46 CFR 32.70-5 - Hull requirements; general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., AND HULL REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Steel Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10... Charge, Marine Inspection, shall satisfy himself that the vessel's structure as specified in this section...

46 CFR 32.70-5 - Hull requirements; general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., AND HULL REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Steel Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10... Charge, Marine Inspection, shall satisfy himself that the vessel's structure as specified in this section...

Vessel Biofouling Prevention and Management Options Report

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-03-01

Marine Reserve GNPD Galapagos National Park Directorate gpm Gallons per minute HST™ Hull Surface Treatment HullBUG Hull Bio -Mimetic Underwater...operators and hull cleaning equipment vendors. 2 VESSEL STRUCTURES SUBJECT TO BIOFOULING All submerged areas of the hull, including appendages and niche...categorized as proactive (preventative) and reactive (removal). Preventative measures include hull coatings that present bio -toxic surfaces to the immediate

[Observation on eggs of Oncomelania hupensis hupensis with scanning electron microscope].

PubMed

Xia, Q B; Yuan, Y B; Liu, B; Tan, P P

2001-01-01

To observe the structure of the mud hull packed Oncomelania eggs and the surface structure of colloid membrane called the third grade membrane of eggs. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe Oncomelania snail eggs with integral mud hull collected from eastern Dongting Lake. The mud hull of eggs was made of unshapen small humification combined with earth granules with a diameter of 2.6-9.2 microns. The mud hull in 60 um thickness was honeycomb-like in shape with many small holes and small folds on the wall. There were many round or irregularly round hollownesses on the inner layer of mud hull that contacts colloid membrane but no hole through mud hull. There were some protein fiber networks covering on the colloid membrane and apophysis. The structure of the mud hull showed that the exchange of matter was maintained between eggs and outside, and the mud hull is of great importance to regulating temperature and moisture for the growth of eggs by preventing hydrosoluble substances from penetrating into eggs. The protein fiber networks act on gluing mud hull and buffering outside power. The dense glue membrane might be a main barricade to prevent pharmaceutical molecules from penetrating into eggs.

46 CFR 154.188 - Membrane tank: Inner hull steel.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Membrane tank: Inner hull steel. 154.188 Section 154.188... STANDARDS FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS CARRYING BULK LIQUEFIED GASES Design, Construction and Equipment Hull Structure § 154.188 Membrane tank: Inner hull steel. For a vessel with membrane tanks, the inner hull...

Structural vibration and acoustic radiation of coupled propeller-shafting and submarine hull system due to propeller forces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qu, Yegao; Su, Jinpeng; Hua, Hongxing; Meng, Guang

2017-08-01

This paper investigates the structural and acoustic responses of a coupled propeller-shafting and submarine pressure hull system under different propeller force excitations. The entire system, which consists of a rigid propeller, a main shaft, two bearings and an orthogonally stiffened pressure hull, is submerged in a heavy fluid. The shaft is elastically connected to the pressure hull by a radial bearing and a thrust bearing. The theoretical model of the structural system is formulated based on a modified variational method, in which the propeller, the main shaft and the bearings are treated as a lumped mass, an elastic beam and spatially distributed spring-damper systems, respectively. The rings and stringers in the pressure hull are modeled as discrete structural elements. The acoustic field generated by the hull is calculated using a spectral Kirchhoff-Helmholtz integral formulation. A strongly coupled structure-acoustic interaction analysis is employed to achieve reasonable solutions for the coupled system. The displacement of the pressure hull and the sound pressure of the fluid are expanded in the form of a double mixed series using Fourier series and Chebyshev orthogonal polynomials, providing a flexible way for the present method to account for the individual contributions of circumferential wave modes to the vibration and acoustic responses of the pressure hull in an analytical manner. The contributions of different circumferential wave modes of the pressure hull to the structural and acoustic responses of the coupled system under axial, transversal and vertical propeller forces are investigated. Computed results are compared with those solutions obtained from the coupled finite element/boundary element method. Effects of the ring and the bearing stiffness on the acoustic responses of the coupled system are discussed.

46 CFR 45.107 - Strength of hull.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Strength of hull. 45.107 Section 45.107 Shipping COAST... Assignment § 45.107 Strength of hull. The general structural strength of the hull must be sufficient for the... Commandant as possessing adequate strength. ...

46 CFR 176.802 - Hull.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull. 176.802 Section 176.802 Shipping COAST GUARD... CERTIFICATION Material Inspections § 176.802 Hull. (a) At each initial and subsequent inspection for... ready for inspections of the hull structure and its appurtenances, including the following: (1...

14 CFR 25.529 - Hull and main float landing conditions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Hull and main float landing conditions. 25... AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Structure Water Loads § 25.529 Hull and main.... (b) Unsymmetrical landing for hull and single float seaplanes. Unsymmetrical step, bow, and stern...

46 CFR 91.40-1 - Definitions relating to hull examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions relating to hull examinations. 91.40-1... VESSELS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Drydocking § 91.40-1 Definitions relating to hull examinations. As...-hull fittings. (b) Internal structural examination means an examination of the vessel while afloat or...

46 CFR 169.239 - Hull.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull. 169.239 Section 169.239 Shipping COAST GUARD... Certification Inspections § 169.239 Hull. At each inspection for certification and periodic inspection, the vessel must be afloat and ready for the following tests and inspections of the hull structure and its...

46 CFR 154.170 - Outer hull steel plating.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Outer hull steel plating. 154.170 Section 154.170... STANDARDS FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS CARRYING BULK LIQUEFIED GASES Design, Construction and Equipment Hull Structure § 154.170 Outer hull steel plating. (a) Except as required in paragraph (b) of this section, the...

46 CFR 45.107 - Strength of hull.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Strength of hull. 45.107 Section 45.107 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.107 Strength of hull. The general structural strength of the hull must be sufficient for the...

14 CFR 25.531 - Hull and main float takeoff condition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Hull and main float takeoff condition. 25... AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Structure Water Loads § 25.531 Hull and main float takeoff condition. For the wing and its attachment to the hull or main float— (a) The aerodynamic...

14 CFR 25.527 - Hull and main float load factors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Hull and main float load factors. 25.527... AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Structure Water Loads § 25.527 Hull and main... 1=empirical hull station weighing factor, in accordance with figure 2 of appendix B. (7) r x=ratio...

46 CFR 154.170 - Outer hull steel plating.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Structure § 154.170 Outer hull steel plating. (a) Except as required in paragraph (b) of this section, the outer hull steel plating, including the shell and deck plating must meet the material standards of the... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Outer hull steel plating. 154.170 Section 154.170...

46 CFR 154.170 - Outer hull steel plating.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Structure § 154.170 Outer hull steel plating. (a) Except as required in paragraph (b) of this section, the outer hull steel plating, including the shell and deck plating must meet the material standards of the... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Outer hull steel plating. 154.170 Section 154.170...

46 CFR 154.170 - Outer hull steel plating.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Structure § 154.170 Outer hull steel plating. (a) Except as required in paragraph (b) of this section, the outer hull steel plating, including the shell and deck plating must meet the material standards of the... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Outer hull steel plating. 154.170 Section 154.170...

46 CFR 32.70-25 - Cargo tanks-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Steel Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10, 1936 § 32.70-25... inspection, a satisfactory inspection of the cargo tanks and hull structure can be made. ...

46 CFR 32.70-25 - Cargo tanks-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Steel Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10, 1936 § 32.70-25... inspection, a satisfactory inspection of the cargo tanks and hull structure can be made. ...

46 CFR 32.70-25 - Cargo tanks-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Steel Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10, 1936 § 32.70-25... inspection, a satisfactory inspection of the cargo tanks and hull structure can be made. ...

46 CFR 32.70-25 - Cargo tanks-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Steel Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10, 1936 § 32.70-25... inspection, a satisfactory inspection of the cargo tanks and hull structure can be made. ...

46 CFR 32.70-25 - Cargo tanks-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Steel Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10, 1936 § 32.70-25... inspection, a satisfactory inspection of the cargo tanks and hull structure can be made. ...

46 CFR 154.188 - Membrane tank: Inner hull steel.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Structure § 154.188 Membrane tank: Inner hull steel. For a vessel with membrane tanks, the inner hull... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Membrane tank: Inner hull steel. 154.188 Section 154.188... “Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels”, 1981. [CGD 74-289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as amended...

46 CFR 154.188 - Membrane tank: Inner hull steel.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Structure § 154.188 Membrane tank: Inner hull steel. For a vessel with membrane tanks, the inner hull... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Membrane tank: Inner hull steel. 154.188 Section 154.188... “Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels”, 1981. [CGD 74-289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as amended...

46 CFR 154.188 - Membrane tank: Inner hull steel.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Structure § 154.188 Membrane tank: Inner hull steel. For a vessel with membrane tanks, the inner hull... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Membrane tank: Inner hull steel. 154.188 Section 154.188... “Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels”, 1981. [CGD 74-289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as amended...

46 CFR 154.188 - Membrane tank: Inner hull steel.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Structure § 154.188 Membrane tank: Inner hull steel. For a vessel with membrane tanks, the inner hull... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Membrane tank: Inner hull steel. 154.188 Section 154.188... “Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels”, 1981. [CGD 74-289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as amended...

Identification of a novel SPLIT-HULL (SPH) gene associated with hull splitting in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

PubMed

Lee, Gileung; Lee, Kang-Ie; Lee, Yunjoo; Kim, Backki; Lee, Dongryung; Seo, Jeonghwan; Jang, Su; Chin, Joong Hyoun; Koh, Hee-Jong

2018-07-01

The split-hull phenotype caused by reduced lemma width and low lignin content is under control of SPH encoding a type-2 13-lipoxygenase and contributes to high dehulling efficiency. Rice hulls consist of two bract-like structures, the lemma and palea. The hull is an important organ that helps to protect seeds from environmental stress, determines seed shape, and ensures grain filling. Achieving optimal hull size and morphology is beneficial for seed development. We characterized the split-hull (sph) mutant in rice, which exhibits hull splitting in the interlocking part between lemma and palea and/or the folded part of the lemma during the grain filling stage. Morphological and chemical analysis revealed that reduction in the width of the lemma and lignin content of the hull in the sph mutant might be the cause of hull splitting. Genetic analysis indicated that the mutant phenotype was controlled by a single recessive gene, sph (Os04g0447100), which encodes a type-2 13-lipoxygenase. SPH knockout and knockdown transgenic plants displayed the same split-hull phenotype as in the mutant. The sph mutant showed significantly higher linoleic and linolenic acid (substrates of lipoxygenase) contents in spikelets compared to the wild type. It is probably due to the genetic defect of SPH and subsequent decrease in lipoxygenase activity. In dehulling experiment, the sph mutant showed high dehulling efficiency even by a weak tearing force in a dehulling machine. Collectively, the results provide a basis for understanding of the functional role of lipoxygenase in structure and maintenance of hulls, and would facilitate breeding of easy-dehulling rice.

Preliminary Investigation of Impact on Multiple-Sheet Structures and an Evaluation of the Meteoroid Hazard to Space Vehicles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nysmith, C. Robert; Summers, James L.

1961-01-01

Small pyrex glass spheres, representative of stoney meteoroids, were fired into 2024-T3 aluminum alclad multiple-sheet structures at velocities to 11,000 feet per second to evaluate the effectiveness of multisheet hull construction as a means of increasing the resistance of a spacecraft to meteoroid penetrations. The results of these tests indicate that increasing the number of sheets in a structure while keeping the total sheet thickness constant and increasing the spacing between sheets both tend to increase the penetration resistance of a structure of constant weight per unit area. In addition, filling the space between the sheets with a light filler material was found to substantially increase structure penetration resistance with a small increase in weight. An evaluation of the meteoroid hazard to space vehicles is presented in the form of an illustrative-example for two specific lunar mission vehicles, a single-sheet, monocoque hull vehicle and a glass-wool filled, double-sheet hull vehicle. The evaluation is presented in terms of the "best" and the "worst" conditions that might be expected as determined from astronomical and satellite measurements, high-speed impact data, and hypothesized meteoroid structures and compositions. It was observed that the vehicle flight time without penetration can be increased significantly by use of multiple-sheet rather than single-sheet hull construction with no increase in hull weight. Nevertheless, it is evident that a meteoroid hazard exists, even for the vehicle with the selected multiple-sheet hull.

Flexibility Considerations on the Hydrodynamic Loading on a Vertical Wedge Drop

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ren, Zhongshu; Wang, Zhaoyuan; Judge, Carolyn; Stern, Fred; Ikeda, Christine

2017-11-01

High-speed craft operating at in waves frequently become airborne and slam into the water surface. This fluid-structure interaction problem is important to understand in order to increase the operating envelope of these craft. The goals of the current work are to investigate both the hydrodynamic loads and the resulting structural response on a planing hull. A V-shaped wedge is dropped vertically into calm water. The hydrodynamic pressure is measured using pressure sensors at discrete points on the hull. Two hulls are studied: one is rigid and one is flexible. Predictions of the hydrodynamic loading are made using Wagner's theory, Vorus's theory, and simulations in CFDShip Iowa. These predictions assume the structure is completely rigid. These predictions of the pressure coefficient match well with the rigid hull, as expected. The spray root is tracked in the rigid experimental set and compared with the theoretical and computational models. The pressure coefficient measured on the flexible hull shows discrepancies with the predictions due to the fluid-structure interaction. These discrepancies are quantified and interpreted in light of the structural flexibility. Funding for this work is from the Office of Naval Research Grant Number N00014-16-1-3188.

Research and development of a digital design system for hull structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhan, Yi-Ting; Ji, Zhuo-Shang; Liu, Yin-Dong

2007-06-01

Methods used for digital ship design were studied and formed the basis of a proposed frame model suitable for ship construction modeling. Based on 3-D modeling software, a digital design system for hull structures was developed. Basic software systems for modeling, modifying, and assembly simulation were developed. The system has good compatibility, and models created by it can be saved in different 3-D file formats, and 2D engineering drawings can be output directly. The model can be modified dynamically, overcoming the necessity of repeated modifications during hull structural design. Through operations such as model construction, intervention inspection, and collision detection, problems can be identified and modified during the hull structural design stage. Technologies for centralized control of the system, database management, and 3-D digital design are integrated into this digital model in the preliminary design stage of shipbuilding.

46 CFR 177.300 - Structural design.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...) CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 177.300 Structural design. Except as otherwise allowed by this... (incorporated by reference, see 46 CFR 175.600); (b) Steel hull vessels: (1) Lloyd's Yachts and Small Craft; or (2) ABS Steel Vessel Rules (< 61 Meters)(incorporated by reference, see 46 CFR 175.600); (c) Fiber...

46 CFR 177.300 - Structural design.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...) CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 177.300 Structural design. Except as otherwise allowed by this... (incorporated by reference, see 46 CFR 175.600); (b) Steel hull vessels: (1) Lloyd's Yachts and Small Craft; or (2) ABS Steel Vessel Rules (<61 Meters)(incorporated by reference, see 46 CFR 175.600); (c) Fiber...

46 CFR 177.300 - Structural design.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...) CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 177.300 Structural design. Except as otherwise allowed by this... (incorporated by reference, see 46 CFR 175.600); (b) Steel hull vessels: (1) Lloyd's Yachts and Small Craft; or (2) ABS Steel Vessel Rules (<61 Meters)(incorporated by reference, see 46 CFR 175.600); (c) Fiber...

46 CFR 177.300 - Structural design.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...) CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 177.300 Structural design. Except as otherwise allowed by this... (incorporated by reference, see 46 CFR 175.600); (b) Steel hull vessels: (1) Lloyd's Yachts and Small Craft; or (2) ABS Steel Vessel Rules (< 61 Meters)(incorporated by reference, see 46 CFR 175.600); (c) Fiber...

46 CFR 177.300 - Structural design.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...) CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 177.300 Structural design. Except as otherwise allowed by this... (incorporated by reference, see 46 CFR 175.600); (b) Steel hull vessels: (1) Lloyd's Yachts and Small Craft; or (2) ABS Steel Vessel Rules (< 61 Meters)(incorporated by reference, see 46 CFR 175.600); (c) Fiber...

Diatom community structure on in-service cruise ship hulls.

PubMed

Hunsucker, Kelli Zargiel; Koka, Abhishek; Lund, Geir; Swain, Geoffrey

2014-10-01

Diatoms are an important component of marine biofilms found on ship hulls. However, there are only a few published studies that describe the presence and abundance of diatoms on ships, and none that relate to modern ship hull coatings. This study investigated the diatom community structure on two in-service cruise ships with the same cruise cycles, one coated with an antifouling (AF) system (copper self-polishing copolymer) and the other coated with a silicone fouling-release (FR) system. Biofilm samples were collected during dry docking from representative areas of the ship and these provided information on the horizontal and vertical zonation of the hull, and intact and damaged coating and niche areas. Diatoms from the genera Achnanthes, Amphora and Navicula were the most common, regardless of horizontal ship zonation and coating type. Other genera were abundant, but their presence was more dependent on the ship zonation and coating type. Samples collected from damaged areas of the hull coating had a similar community composition to undamaged areas, but with higher diatom abundance. Diatom fouling on the niche areas differed from that of the surrounding ship hull and paralleled previous studies that investigated differences in diatom community structure on static and dynamically exposed coatings; niche areas were similar to static immersion and the hull to dynamic immersion. Additionally, diatom richness was greater on the ship with the FR coating, including the identification of several new genera to the biofouling literature, viz. Lampriscus and Thalassiophysa. These results are the first to describe diatom community composition on in-service ship hulls coated with a FR system. This class of coatings appears to have a larger diatom community compared to copper-based AF systems, with new diatom genera that have the ability to stick to ship hulls and withstand hydrodynamic forces, thus creating the potential for new problematic species in the biofilm.

Double hull grounding experiments

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rodd, J.L.; Sikora, J.P.

1995-12-31

In the last few years the public and governments of many nations have become increasingly aware of the need for improving oil tanker safety. The requirements for double hull tankers are an attempt to address this need through legislation. Even though a number of investigations on the mechanics of collisions have been done in the past, until recently very little research supported the development of structural improvements to reduce oil tanker damage during grounding and stranding accidents. An aggressive evaluation of double hull tanker crashworthiness in stranding and grounding accidents is underway at CD/NSWC (formerly the David Taylor Research Center).more » The ability to predict damage from grounding accidents accurately is not currently available. The objective of this paper is to present qualitatively the structural failure mechanisms associated with stranding and grounding events for candidate double hull tanker structures and to present some simple methods for comparing damage scenarios. A comparison of the structural performance of key features in several very different designs will provide useful information toward this understanding.« less

46 CFR 176.600 - Drydock and internal structural examination intervals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... States port, it must undergo the required examination before sailing. (c) If your vessel is not operated... exclusively by divers, the vessel must undergo two alternate hull exams and two internal structural exams within any five-year period. If a vessel completes a satisfactory alternate hull exam, with the...

46 CFR 69.209 - Calculation of tonnages.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

....67 LBD/100. (2) The gross tonnage of a vessel with a hull that approximates in shape a rectangular geometric solid (barge-shape) is 0.84 LBD/100. (3) The gross tonnage of a multi-hull vessel is the sum of... structure in tons of 100 cubic feet is added to the tonnage of the hull to establish the vessel's gross...

Single High Fidelity Geometric Data Sets for LCM - Model Requirements

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-11-01

are extensive single 3D CAD data models incorporating hull structure, propulsion, steering, piping , electrical, HVAC and other systems, which make...single 3D CAD data models incorporating hull structure, propulsion, steering, piping , electrical, HVAC and other systems. During this same period...be sufficiently flexible to accommodate the diverse requirements of various types of structural analyses. Section Properties & Material Data

46 CFR 176.802 - Hull.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... attachment to the hull structure; (5) Inspection to ensure that guards or rails are provided in dangerous places; (6) Inspection and operation of all weathertight closures above the weather deck and the...

46 CFR 115.802 - Hull.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., fittings, and sails; (4) Inspection of all railings and bulwarks and their attachment to the hull structure; (5) Inspection to ensure that guards or rails are provided in dangerous places; (6) Inspection and...

46 CFR 115.600 - Drydock examination, internal structural examination, and underwater survey intervals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... a United States port, it must undergo the required examination before sailing. (c) If your vessel is... hull exams and two internal structural exams within any five-year period. If a vessel completes a satisfactory alternate hull exam, with the underwater survey portion conducted predominantly by an approved...

46 CFR 154.195 - Aluminum cargo tank: Steel enclosure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Equipment Hull Structure § 154.195 Aluminum cargo tank: Steel enclosure. (a) An aluminum cargo tank and its dome must be enclosed by the vessel's hull structure or a separate steel cover. (b) The steel cover for... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Aluminum cargo tank: Steel enclosure. 154.195 Section...

46 CFR 32.60-30 - Tank vessels with independent tanks-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... tanks and hull structure can be made. (b) When an independent cargo tank is located in an enclosed space... be safeguarded as such as required by this subpart. (c) Cargo tanks independent of the hull structure shall be supported in saddles or on foundations of steel or other suitable material and securely...

46 CFR 154.195 - Aluminum cargo tank: Steel enclosure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Equipment Hull Structure § 154.195 Aluminum cargo tank: Steel enclosure. (a) An aluminum cargo tank and its dome must be enclosed by the vessel's hull structure or a separate steel cover. (b) The steel cover for... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Aluminum cargo tank: Steel enclosure. 154.195 Section...

46 CFR 32.60-30 - Tank vessels with independent tanks-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... tanks and hull structure can be made. (b) When an independent cargo tank is located in an enclosed space... be safeguarded as such as required by this subpart. (c) Cargo tanks independent of the hull structure shall be supported in saddles or on foundations of steel or other suitable material and securely...

46 CFR 154.195 - Aluminum cargo tank: Steel enclosure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Equipment Hull Structure § 154.195 Aluminum cargo tank: Steel enclosure. (a) An aluminum cargo tank and its dome must be enclosed by the vessel's hull structure or a separate steel cover. (b) The steel cover for... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Aluminum cargo tank: Steel enclosure. 154.195 Section...

46 CFR 154.195 - Aluminum cargo tank: Steel enclosure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Equipment Hull Structure § 154.195 Aluminum cargo tank: Steel enclosure. (a) An aluminum cargo tank and its dome must be enclosed by the vessel's hull structure or a separate steel cover. (b) The steel cover for... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Aluminum cargo tank: Steel enclosure. 154.195 Section...

46 CFR 32.60-30 - Tank vessels with independent tanks-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... tanks and hull structure can be made. (b) When an independent cargo tank is located in an enclosed space... be safeguarded as such as required by this subpart. (c) Cargo tanks independent of the hull structure shall be supported in saddles or on foundations of steel or other suitable material and securely...

46 CFR 154.195 - Aluminum cargo tank: Steel enclosure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Equipment Hull Structure § 154.195 Aluminum cargo tank: Steel enclosure. (a) An aluminum cargo tank and its dome must be enclosed by the vessel's hull structure or a separate steel cover. (b) The steel cover for... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Aluminum cargo tank: Steel enclosure. 154.195 Section...

46 CFR 32.60-30 - Tank vessels with independent tanks-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... tanks and hull structure can be made. (b) When an independent cargo tank is located in an enclosed space... be safeguarded as such as required by this subpart. (c) Cargo tanks independent of the hull structure shall be supported in saddles or on foundations of steel or other suitable material and securely...

46 CFR 32.60-30 - Tank vessels with independent tanks-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... tanks and hull structure can be made. (b) When an independent cargo tank is located in an enclosed space... be safeguarded as such as required by this subpart. (c) Cargo tanks independent of the hull structure shall be supported in saddles or on foundations of steel or other suitable material and securely...

Integrated Life-Cycle Framework for Maintenance, Monitoring and Reliability of Naval Ship Structures

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-08-15

number of times, a fast and accurate method for analyzing the ship hull is required. In order to obtain this required computational speed and accuracy...Naval Engineers Fleet Maintenance & Modernization Symposium (FMMS 2011) [8] and the Eleventh International Conference on Fast Sea Transportation ( FAST ...probabilistic strength of the ship hull. First, a novel deterministic method for the fast and accurate calculation of the strength of the ship hull is

Safer Pleasure Boats

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

'Flamarest' coating developed by Avco Corporation for NASA to protect fuel lines and tanks is sprayed on the interior of polyester boat hull in commercial application. About 30 mils of the coating prevented structural damage to hull during test in which a 13 minute interior gasoline fire was started. An unprotected hull would begin to burn in 30 seconds. Same material applied as tape to wrap fuel lines effectively insulates hose when charred while also reducing spread of flame.

Reliability of Hull Girder Ultimate Strength of Steel Ships

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Da-wei, Gao; Gui-jie, Shi

2018-03-01

Hull girder ultimate strength is an evaluation index reflecting the true safety margin or structural redundancy about container ships. Especially, after the hull girder fracture accident of the MOL COMFORT, the 8,000TEU class large container ship, on June 17 2013, larger container ship safety has been paid on much more attention. In this paper, different methods of calculating hull girder ultimate strength are firstly discussed and compared with. The bending ultimate strength can be analyzed by nonlinear finite element method (NFEM) and increment-iterative method, and also the shear ultimate strength can be analyzed by NFEM and simple equations. Then, the probability distribution of hull girder wave loads and still water loads of container ship are summarized. At last, the reliability of hull girder ultimate strength under bending moment and shear forces for three container ships is analyzed by using a first order method. The conclusions can be applied to give guidance for ship design and safety evaluation.

46 CFR 71.50-1 - Definitions relating to hull examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... a combination of underwater surveys, internal examinations, and annual hull condition assessment... Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMI), to have the appropriate training and experience to perform the survey... the AHE; (4) Possessing the knowledge of vessel structures, design features, nomenclature, and the...

46 CFR 71.50-1 - Definitions relating to hull examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... a combination of underwater surveys, internal examinations, and annual hull condition assessment... Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMI), to have the appropriate training and experience to perform the survey... the AHE; (4) Possessing the knowledge of vessel structures, design features, nomenclature, and the...

Integrated High-Fidelity CFD/FE FSI Code Development and Benchmark Full-Scale Validation EFD for Slamming Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-30

measurements as well as of the stiffness of the hull can be obtained by using measurements (accelerometer and gyro data) from one location of the boat to...assuming a rigid hull ) to bulkhead #5. The two estimates match exceptionally well. The data shown are fairly typical from operating the Nurnerette in...indicated in dE~ figure. The hull was designed to 2: G so it should be no surprise that the structure under ..vent permanent deformation during this

Medical Entomology Studies - XVI. A Review of the Species of Subgenus Verrallina, Genus Aedes, from Sri Lanka and a Revised Description of the Subgenus (Diptera: Culicidae)

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-01-01

into several lightly pigmented flattened contiguous leaf -like structures; gonostylus attached to apex of gonocoxite (Ae. quudrispinutus King and...contiguous leaf -like structures or a single short broad plate; gonostylus attached to apex of gonocoxite. Pupa. Trumpet as for Series I; bases of setae 2, 4...0.4-O. 5 produced into several lightly pigmented flattened contiguous leaf -like structures with apices fused into a single flattened plate which is

46 CFR 71.50-1 - Definitions relating to hull examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... a combination of underwater surveys, internal examinations, and annual hull condition assessment..., Marine Inspection (OCMI), to have the appropriate training and experience to perform the survey and to... the AHE; (4) Possessing the knowledge of vessel structures, design features, nomenclature, and the...

Micro-heterogeneity of Cellulosic Fiber Biopolymer Prepared from Corn Hulls

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Z-trim is a zero calorie cellulosic fiber biopolymer produced from corn hulls. The micro-structural heterogeneities of Z-trim biopolymer were investigated by monitoring the thermally driven displacements of well-dispersed micro-spheres via video fluorescence microscopy named multiple-particle track...

Micro-Heterogeneity of Cellulosic Fiber Biopolymer Prepared from Corn Hulls

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Z-trim is a zero calorie cellulosic fiber biopolymer produced from corn hulls. The micro-structural heterogeneities of Z-trim biopolymer were investigated by monitoring the thermally driven displacements of well-dispersed micro-spheres via video fluorescence microscopy named multiple-particle track...

Biofibres from biofuel industrial byproduct-Pongamia pinnata seed hull.

PubMed

Manjula, Puttaswamy; Srinikethan, Govindan; Shetty, K Vidya

2017-01-01

Biodiesel production using Pongamia pinnata (P. pinnata) seeds results in large amount of unused seed hull. These seed hulls serve as a potential source for cellulose fibres which can be exploited as reinforcement in composites. These seed hulls were processed using chlorination and alkaline extraction process in order to isolate cellulose fibres. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) analysis demonstrated the morphological changes in the fibre structure. Cellulose microfibres of diameter 6-8 µm, hydrodynamic diameter of 58.4 nm and length of 535 nm were isolated. Thermal stability was enhanced by 70 °C and crystallinity index (CI) by 19.8% ensuring isolation of crystalline cellulose fibres. The sequential chlorination and alkaline treatment stemmed to the isolation of cellulose fibres from P. pinnata seed hull. The isolated cellulose fibres possessed enhanced morphological, thermal, and crystalline properties in comparison with P. pinnata seed hull. These cellulose microfibres may potentially find application as biofillers in biodegradable composites by augmenting their properties.

Optimization Design of Minimum Total Resistance Hull Form Based on CFD Method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Bao-ji; Zhang, Sheng-long; Zhang, Hui

2018-06-01

In order to reduce the resistance and improve the hydrodynamic performance of a ship, two hull form design methods are proposed based on the potential flow theory and viscous flow theory. The flow fields are meshed using body-fitted mesh and structured grids. The parameters of the hull modification function are the design variables. A three-dimensional modeling method is used to alter the geometry. The Non-Linear Programming (NLP) method is utilized to optimize a David Taylor Model Basin (DTMB) model 5415 ship under the constraints, including the displacement constraint. The optimization results show an effective reduction of the resistance. The two hull form design methods developed in this study can provide technical support and theoretical basis for designing green ships.

Micro-heterogeneity of corn hulls cellulosic fiber biopolymer studied by multiple-particle tracking (MPT)

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

A novel technique named multiple-particle tracking (MPT) was used to investigate the micro-structural heterogeneities of Z-trim, a zero calorie cellulosic fiber biopolymer produced from corn hulls. The Multiple-Particle Tracking (MPT) method was used in this study, which was originally described by ...

Ultimate strength performance of tankers associated with industry corrosion addition practices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Do Kyun; Kim, Han Byul; Zhang, Xiaoming; Li, Chen Guang; Paik, Jeom Kee

2014-09-01

In the ship and offshore structure design, age-related problems such as corrosion damage, local denting, and fatigue damage are important factors to be considered in building a reliable structure as they have a significant influence on the residual structural capacity. In shipping, corrosion addition methods are widely adopted in structural design to prevent structural capacity degradation. The present study focuses on the historical trend of corrosion addition rules for ship structural design and investigates their effects on the ultimate strength performance such as hull girder and stiffened panel of double hull oil tankers. Three types of rules based on corrosion addition models, namely historic corrosion rules (pre-CSR), Common Structural Rules (CSR), and harmonised Common Structural Rules (CSRH) are considered and compared with two other corrosion models namely UGS model, suggested by the Union of Greek Shipowners (UGS), and Time-Dependent Corrosion Wastage Model (TDCWM). To identify the general trend in the effects of corrosion damage on the ultimate longitudinal strength performance, the corrosion addition rules are applied to four representative sizes of double hull oil tankers namely Panamax, Aframax, Suezmax, and VLCC. The results are helpful in understanding the trend of corrosion additions for tanker structures

A structural analysis of an ocean going patrol boat subjected to planning loads

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Clark, James H.; Lafreniere, Robert; Stoodt, Robert; Wiedenheft, John

1987-01-01

A static structural analysis of an ocean going patrol vessel subjected to hydrodynamic planning loads is discussed. The analysis required the development of a detailed model that included hull plating, five structural bulkheads, longitudinal and transverse stiffners, and a coarse representation of the superstructure. The finite element model was developed from fabrication drawings using the Navy computer aided design system. Various stress and displacement contours are shown for the entire hull. Because several critical areas appeared to be overstressed, these areas were remeshed for detail and are presented for completeness.

Predicting multi-wall structural response to hypervelocity impact using the hull code

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schonberg, William P.

1993-01-01

Previously, multi-wall structures have been analyzed extensively, primarily through experiment, as a means of increasing the meteoroid/space debris impact protection of spacecraft. As structural configurations become more varied, the number of tests required to characterize their response increases dramatically. As an alternative to experimental testing, numerical modeling of high-speed impact phenomena is often being used to predict the response of a variety of structural systems under different impact loading conditions. The results of comparing experimental tests to Hull Hydrodynamic Computer Code predictions are reported. Also, the results of a numerical parametric study of multi-wall structural response to hypervelocity cylindrical projectile impact are presented.

Structural equation models based on multivariate diversity assessment of diploid and tetraploid hulled wheat species

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Hulled wheats are largely untapped genetic resources with >10,000 years of genetic memory and diversity that can be used for wheat quality improvement, development of healthy products, and adaptation to climate change. Multivariate diversity was assessed in the diploid Triticum monococcum L. var mon...

46 CFR 32.63-20 - Hull structure-B/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... condition such that the forward rake bulkhead rests upon a pinnacle at the water surface, the maximum hull bending stress shall not exceed the following limits: (1) Independent tanks may be installed in such a... stress shall not exceed either 50 percent of the minimum ultimate tensile strength of the material or 70...

14 CFR 25.533 - Hull and main float bottom pressures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Structure Water Loads § 25.533 Hull and main... figure 2 of appendix B; V S 1=seaplane stalling speed (Knots) at the design water takeoff weight with... design water takeoff weight with flaps extended in the appropriate takeoff position; and β=angle of dead...

14 CFR 25.533 - Hull and main float bottom pressures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Structure Water Loads § 25.533 Hull and main... figure 2 of appendix B; V S 1=seaplane stalling speed (Knots) at the design water takeoff weight with... design water takeoff weight with flaps extended in the appropriate takeoff position; and β=angle of dead...

Micro-heterogeneity of corn hulls cellulosic fiber biopolymer studied by multiple-particle tracking (MPT)

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

A novel technique named multiple-particle tracking (MPT) was used to investigate the micro-structural heterogeneities of Z-trim, a zero calorie cellulosic fiber biopolymer produced from corn hulls. The principle of MPT technique is to monitor the thermally driven motion of inert micro-spheres, which...

46 CFR 32.63-20 - Hull structure-B/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... bending stress shall not exceed the following limits: (1) Independent tanks may be installed in such a... stress shall not exceed either 50 percent of the minimum ultimate tensile strength of the material or 70... reduction in hull stress when independent tanks are installed in such a manner as to contribute to the...

46 CFR 32.63-20 - Hull structure-B/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... bending stress shall not exceed the following limits: (1) Independent tanks may be installed in such a... stress shall not exceed either 50 percent of the minimum ultimate tensile strength of the material or 70... reduction in hull stress when independent tanks are installed in such a manner as to contribute to the...

46 CFR 32.63-20 - Hull structure-B/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... bending stress shall not exceed the following limits: (1) Independent tanks may be installed in such a... stress shall not exceed either 50 percent of the minimum ultimate tensile strength of the material or 70... reduction in hull stress when independent tanks are installed in such a manner as to contribute to the...

46 CFR 32.63-20 - Hull structure-B/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... bending stress shall not exceed the following limits: (1) Independent tanks may be installed in such a... stress shall not exceed either 50 percent of the minimum ultimate tensile strength of the material or 70... reduction in hull stress when independent tanks are installed in such a manner as to contribute to the...

Morphological influence of cellulose nanoparticles (CNs) from cottonseed hulls on rheological properties of polyvinyl alcohol/CN suspensions

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

This work aims to extract and characterize fibrous, rod-like and spherical cellulose nanoparticles (CNs) from cottonseed hull and to investigate the structure-morphology-rheology relationships. The rheological behavior of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/CNs suspensions was also examined to guide the solve...

46 CFR 177.310 - Satisfactory service as a design basis.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Satisfactory service as a design basis. 177.310 Section... (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 177.310 Satisfactory service as a design basis. When scantlings for the hull, deckhouse, and frames of the vessel differ from those...

Molecular Clustering Interrelationships and Carbohydrate Conformation in Hull and Seeds Among Barley Cultivars

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

N Liu; P Yu

2011-12-31

The objective of this study was to use molecular spectral analyses with the diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (DRIFT) bioanlytical technique to study carbohydrate conformation features, molecular clustering and interrelationships in hull and seed among six barley cultivars (AC Metcalfe, CDC Dolly, McLeod, CDC Helgason, CDC Trey, CDC Cowboy), which had different degradation kinetics in rumen. The molecular structure spectral analyses in both hull and seed involved the fingerprint regions of ca. 1536-1484 cm{sup -1} (attributed mainly to aromatic lignin semicircle ring stretch), ca. 1293-1212 cm{sup -1} (attributed mainly to cellulosic compounds in the hull), ca. 1269-1217 cm{sup -1}more » (attributed mainly to cellulosic compound in the seeds), and ca. 1180-800 cm{sup -1} (attributed mainly to total CHO C-O stretching vibrations) together with an agglomerative hierarchical cluster (AHCA) and principal component spectral analyses (PCA). The results showed that the DRIFT technique plus AHCA and PCA molecular analyses were able to reveal carbohydrate conformation features and identify carbohydrate molecular structure differences in both hull and seeds among the barley varieties. The carbohydrate molecular spectral analyses at the region of ca. 1185-800 cm{sup -1} together with the AHCA and PCA were able to show that the barley seed inherent structures exhibited distinguishable differences among the barley varieties. CDC Helgason had differences from AC Metcalfe, MeLeod, CDC Cowboy and CDC Dolly in carbohydrate conformation in the seed. Clear molecular cluster classes could be distinguished and identified in AHCA analysis and the separate ellipses could be grouped in PCA analysis. But CDC Helgason had no distinguished differences from CDC Trey in carbohydrate conformation. These carbohydrate conformation/structure difference could partially explain why the varieties were different in digestive behaviors in animals. The molecular spectroscopy technique used in this study could also be used for other plant-based feed and food structure studies.« less

Filament Winding of a Ship Hull. A Study of the Design of a 30 Ft. Filament Wound Model of a 150 Ft. GRP (Glass Reinforced Plastic) Ship.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-10-01

by block number) Naval Ship Structures; Composites . Glass Reinforced Plastics, Filament Winding, Minesweepers. 20. ABSTRACT (Continue on reverse side...associated with this method of manufacturing a ship hull out of Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP). Winding machine and man- drel concepts were reviewed... machine and mandrel concepts were reviewed, as well as the structural requirements and possible materials. A design of a 1/5th scale (30 ft) model

46 CFR 177.310 - Satisfactory service as a design basis.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Satisfactory service as a design basis. 177.310 Section 177.310 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 177.310 Satisfactory service as a design basis. When scantlings for the hull,...

46 CFR 177.310 - Satisfactory service as a design basis.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Satisfactory service as a design basis. 177.310 Section 177.310 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 177.310 Satisfactory service as a design basis. When scantlings for the hull,...

46 CFR 177.310 - Satisfactory service as a design basis.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Satisfactory service as a design basis. 177.310 Section 177.310 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 177.310 Satisfactory service as a design basis. When scantlings for the hull,...

Structural transformations in hull material clad by nitrogen stainless steel using various methods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sagaradze, V. V.; Kataeva, N. V.; Mushnikova, S. Yu.; Khar'kov, O. A.; Kalinin, G. Yu.; Yampol'skii, V. D.

2014-02-01

Specimens of a 10N3KhDMBF shipbuilding hull steel were clad by a 04Kh20N6G11M2AFB nitrogen austenitic steel using various treatment conditions, which included hot rolling, austenitic facing, and explosive welding followed by hot rolling and heat treatment. Between the base and cladding materials, an intermediate layer with variable concentrations of chromium, manganese, and nickel was found, in which a martensitic structure was formed. In all the cases, the strength of bonding of the cladding layer to the hull steel (determined in tests for shear to fracture) was fairly high (σsh = 437-520 MPa). The only exception was the specimen produced by unidirectional facing without subsequent hot rolling (σsh = 308 MPa), in which nonfusions between the faced beads of stainless steel were detected.

Review of ship slamming loads and responses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Shan; Guedes Soares, C.

2017-12-01

The paper presents an overview of studies of slamming on ship structures. This work focuses on the hull slamming, which is one of the most important types of slamming problems to be considered in the ship design process and the assessment of the ship safety. There are three main research aspects related to the hull slamming phenomenon, a) where and how often a slamming event occurs, b) slamming load prediction and c) structural response due to slamming loads. The approaches used in each aspect are reviewed and commented, together with the presentation of some typical results. The methodology, which combines the seakeeping analysis and slamming load prediction, is discussed for the global analysis of the hull slamming of a ship in waves. Some physical phenomena during the slamming event are discussed also. Recommendations for the future research and developments are made.

Hybrid numerical method for solution of the radiative transfer equation in one, two, or three dimensions.

PubMed

Reinersman, Phillip N; Carder, Kendall L

2004-05-01

A hybrid method is presented by which Monte Carlo (MC) techniques are combined with an iterative relaxation algorithm to solve the radiative transfer equation in arbitrary one-, two-, or three-dimensional optical environments. The optical environments are first divided into contiguous subregions, or elements. MC techniques are employed to determine the optical response function of each type of element. The elements are combined, and relaxation techniques are used to determine simultaneously the radiance field on the boundary and throughout the interior of the modeled environment. One-dimensional results compare well with a standard radiative transfer model. The light field beneath and adjacent to a long barge is modeled in two dimensions and displayed. Ramifications for underwater video imaging are discussed. The hybrid model is currently capable of providing estimates of the underwater light field needed to expedite inspection of ship hulls and port facilities.

The Impact of Herbicide-Resistant Rice Technology on Phenotypic Diversity and Population Structure of United States Weedy Rice1[W][OPEN

PubMed Central

Burgos, Nilda Roma; Singh, Vijay; Tseng, Te Ming; Black, Howard; Young, Nelson D.; Huang, Zhongyun; Hyma, Katie E.; Gealy, David R.; Caicedo, Ana L.

2014-01-01

The use of herbicide-resistant (HR) Clearfield rice (Oryza sativa) to control weedy rice has increased in the past 12 years to constitute about 60% of rice acreage in Arkansas, where most U.S. rice is grown. To assess the impact of HR cultivated rice on the herbicide resistance and population structure of weedy rice, weedy samples were collected from commercial fields with a history of Clearfield rice. Panicles from each weedy type were harvested and tested for resistance to imazethapyr. The majority of plants sampled had at least 20% resistant offspring. These resistant weeds were 97 to 199 cm tall and initiated flowering from 78 to 128 d, generally later than recorded for accessions collected prior to the widespread use of Clearfield rice (i.e. historical accessions). Whereas the majority (70%) of historical accessions had straw-colored hulls, only 30% of contemporary HR weedy rice had straw-colored hulls. Analysis of genotyping-by-sequencing data showed that HR weeds were not genetically structured according to hull color, whereas historical weedy rice was separated into straw-hull and black-hull populations. A significant portion of the local rice crop genome was introgressed into HR weedy rice, which was rare in historical weedy accessions. Admixture analyses showed that HR weeds tend to possess crop haplotypes in the portion of chromosome 2 containing the ACETOLACTATE SYNTHASE gene, which confers herbicide resistance to Clearfield rice. Thus, U.S. HR weedy rice is a distinct population relative to historical weedy rice and shows modifications in morphology and phenology that are relevant to weed management. PMID:25122473

The impact of herbicide-resistant rice technology on phenotypic diversity and population structure of United States weedy rice.

PubMed

Burgos, Nilda Roma; Singh, Vijay; Tseng, Te Ming; Black, Howard; Young, Nelson D; Huang, Zhongyun; Hyma, Katie E; Gealy, David R; Caicedo, Ana L

2014-11-01

The use of herbicide-resistant (HR) Clearfield rice (Oryza sativa) to control weedy rice has increased in the past 12 years to constitute about 60% of rice acreage in Arkansas, where most U.S. rice is grown. To assess the impact of HR cultivated rice on the herbicide resistance and population structure of weedy rice, weedy samples were collected from commercial fields with a history of Clearfield rice. Panicles from each weedy type were harvested and tested for resistance to imazethapyr. The majority of plants sampled had at least 20% resistant offspring. These resistant weeds were 97 to 199 cm tall and initiated flowering from 78 to 128 d, generally later than recorded for accessions collected prior to the widespread use of Clearfield rice (i.e. historical accessions). Whereas the majority (70%) of historical accessions had straw-colored hulls, only 30% of contemporary HR weedy rice had straw-colored hulls. Analysis of genotyping-by-sequencing data showed that HR weeds were not genetically structured according to hull color, whereas historical weedy rice was separated into straw-hull and black-hull populations. A significant portion of the local rice crop genome was introgressed into HR weedy rice, which was rare in historical weedy accessions. Admixture analyses showed that HR weeds tend to possess crop haplotypes in the portion of chromosome 2 containing the ACETOLACTATE SYNTHASE gene, which confers herbicide resistance to Clearfield rice. Thus, U.S. HR weedy rice is a distinct population relative to historical weedy rice and shows modifications in morphology and phenology that are relevant to weed management. © 2014 American Society of Plant Biologists. All Rights Reserved.

Code development for ships -- A demonstration

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ayyub, B.; Mansour, A.E.; White, G.

1996-12-31

A demonstration summary of a reliability-based structural design code for ships is presented for two ship types, a cruiser and a tanker. For both ship types, code requirements cover four failure modes: hull girder bulking, unstiffened plate yielding and buckling, stiffened plate buckling, and fatigue of critical detail. Both serviceability and ultimate limit states are considered. Because of limitation on the length, only hull girder modes are presented in this paper. Code requirements for other modes will be presented in future publication. A specific provision of the code will be a safety check expression. The design variables are to bemore » taken at their nominal values, typically values in the safe side of the respective distributions. Other safety check expressions for hull girder failure that include load combination factors, as well as consequence of failure factors, are considered. This paper provides a summary of safety check expressions for the hull girder modes.« less

Unsteady hydrodynamics of blade forces and acoustic responses of a model scaled submarine excited by propeller's thrust and side-forces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wei, Yingsan; Wang, Yongsheng

2013-04-01

This study presents the unsteady hydrodynamics of the excitations from a 5-bladed propeller at two rotating speeds running in the wake of a small-scaled submarine and the behavior of the submarine's structure and acoustic responses under the propeller excitations. Firstly, the propeller flow and submarine flows are independently validated. The propulsion of the hull-propeller is simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), so as to obtain the transient responses of the propeller excitations. Finally, the structure and acoustic responses of the submarine under propeller excitations are predicted using a finite element/boundary element model in the frequency domain. Results show that (1) the propeller excitations are tonal at the propeller harmonics, and the propeller transversal force is bigger than vertical force. (2) The structure and acoustic responses of the submarine hull is tonal mainly at the propeller harmonics and the resonant mode frequencies of the hull, and the breathing mode in axial direction as well as the bending modes in vertical and transversal directions of the hull can generate strong structure vibration and underwater noise. (3) The maximum sound pressure of the field points increases with the increasing propeller rotating speed at structure resonances and propeller harmonics, and the rudders resonant mode also contributes a lot to the sound radiation. Lastly, the critical rotating speeds of the submarine propeller are determined, which should be carefully taken into consideration when match the propeller with prime mover in the propulsion system. This work shows the importance of the propeller's tonal excitation and the breathing mode plus the bending modes in evaluating submarine's noise radiation.

Settlement of the USS Arizona, Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

USGS Publications Warehouse

Carkin, Brad A.; Kayen, Robert E.

2013-01-01

The U.S. Geological Survey, in collaboration with the National Park Service Submerged Resources Center, undertook investigations at the USS Arizona Memorial at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, in 2002, 2003, and 2005 to characterize geological factors affecting the deterioration and movement of the hull of the USS Arizona. Since sinking on the morning of December 7, 1941, the hull of the USS Arizona has been slowly but steadily disappearing below the surface of Pearl Harbor. Continuous sediment coring at three of four locations around the hull of the Arizona was only partially successful, but it was sufficient to identify a varied sedimentary substrate beneath the hull. A boring near the stern reveals a thick, continuous sequence of soft, gray clay to the bottom of the boring. In contrast, borings near the bow and starboard side, below about 5 meters subbottom depth, indicate the presence of very stiff, brown clay and coral debris and an absence of soft clay. Multisensor core logger scanning of the recovered cores distinguishes the lower density of the soft, gray clay at the stern from the higher density of the stiff, brown clays and coral debris at the bow and starboard side. Uniaxial consolidation testing of the soft gray clay indicates a normally consolidated sequence, whereas the stiff, brown clay and coral debris are overconsolidated. Profiles of shear wave velocity vs. depth obtained through spectral analysis of interface wave testing around the perimeter of the hull in 2005 identified areas of higher velocity, stiffer sediment at the bow and starboard side, which correspond to the dense, stiff clay recovered near the bow and starboard borings. Low shear-wave velocities at the port midship and quarter of the hull correlate with the lower density, softer sediment recovered from the boring at the stern. Cross sections of the subbottom of the Memorial combine results from the sediment borings and geophysical surveys and depict a wedge of soft clay unconformably overlying the stiff clays and coral debris beneath the aft half of the USS Arizona and thickening toward the stern. The 2008 position of the hull has been documented using both tide-based and differential Global Positioning System (GPS) measuring systems. Analysis of historical and recent photographs was done to create a record of settlement from the time of sinking in 1941 to the present. By examining shadows in suitable photos, the sun azimuth, local time of day, and tide levels were determined to derive tide-adjusted and sea-level-rise-corrected elevations for structures on the hull and from these elevations to obtain settlement and tilt trends. The settlement trends, most complete for barbette 3, have two components. An early, nonlinear component ends on December 9, 1941, and represents the initial penetration and displacement of the bottom sediment by the hull. A linear, long-term trend of normal consolidation continues to the present day. Long-term settlement rates are greatest at the stern and decrease linearly to the midship, showing that the aft half of the hull is moving as an intact, rigid body. The recent rate of settlement at the stern is about 3.5 mm/year; rates at the starboard midship and forward part of the hull are less than one-third of the stern rate. The aft half of the USS Arizona hull presently tilts about 2 degrees to port, an increase of at least 1.5 degrees since the initial sinking of the ship. The results of this study identify differential settlement of the Arizona hull, due to the wedge of soft clay underlying the aft half of the hull, as the cause of the movement of the hull beneath the surface of Pearl Harbor. Calculation of sediment consolidation using lab-determined properties of the soft clay demonstrates that the observed settlements can be reproduced by projecting appropriate clay thicknesses beneath the hull. Several of the high-quality photographs analyzed for the historical settlement analysis highlight some of the limitations of this retrospective technique for determining tide-based elevations. In these cases, calculated structure elevations do not conform to the settlement trend, indicating that there can be complicating factors affecting the interpretation of the photos. Conflicting dates for events during the salvage operations were also encountered.

Use of Fiber Reinforced Plastics in the Marine Industry

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-09-06

surface should be molded or machined into the hull. 129 Design of Detais Marine Composites With single skin laminates, holes are normally drilled...SH), FIre and Toxicity Test Methods and Qualification Procedure for Composite Material Systems Used In Hull, Machinely and Structural Applications...date on the state of the marine composites industry and should for many years serve as an excellent reference and source book for designers and

Analysis of Steel-With-Composite Material Substitution in Military Vehicle Hull Floors Subjected to Shallow-Buried Landmine-Detonation Loads

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-01-01

vehicles/structures; in the work of Bergeron et al. (2002), an instrumented ballistic pendulum was utilized to investigate mine detonation-induced...element/ discrete-particle computational analysis in order to investigate potential benefits and drawbacks associated with material substitution...investigate potential benefits and drawbacks associated with material substitution (from steel to composite) in military-vehicle hull-floors whose primary

Structural and expressional analysis of the B-hordein genes in Tibetan hull-less barley

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The B-hordein gene family was analyzed from two Tibetan hull-less barley cultivars, Z09 and Z26 (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare). Fourteen B-hordein genes, designated BZ09-2 to BZ09-5 (from Z09) and BZ26-1 to BZ26-10 (from Z26), were sequenced. Seven of them similar to a previously reported BZ09-1...

On the structure of viscous flow about the afterbody of hull

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yoshida, Osamu; Zhu, Ming; Miyata, Hideaki

1993-09-01

A finite-volume method is applied to a flow about full ship models in the curvilinear coordinate system. Simulations are carried out for SR196 frame-line series. The simulated results show the difference of the wake and the longitudinal vorticity between the different hull forms. The comparisons between simulated and measured results show qualitative agreements in the wake distributions near the propeller disk circumference.

A Target-Less Vision-Based Displacement Sensor Based on Image Convex Hull Optimization for Measuring the Dynamic Response of Building Structures.

PubMed

Choi, Insub; Kim, JunHee; Kim, Donghyun

2016-12-08

Existing vision-based displacement sensors (VDSs) extract displacement data through changes in the movement of a target that is identified within the image using natural or artificial structure markers. A target-less vision-based displacement sensor (hereafter called "TVDS") is proposed. It can extract displacement data without targets, which then serve as feature points in the image of the structure. The TVDS can extract and track the feature points without the target in the image through image convex hull optimization, which is done to adjust the threshold values and to optimize them so that they can have the same convex hull in every image frame and so that the center of the convex hull is the feature point. In addition, the pixel coordinates of the feature point can be converted to physical coordinates through a scaling factor map calculated based on the distance, angle, and focal length between the camera and target. The accuracy of the proposed scaling factor map was verified through an experiment in which the diameter of a circular marker was estimated. A white-noise excitation test was conducted, and the reliability of the displacement data obtained from the TVDS was analyzed by comparing the displacement data of the structure measured with a laser displacement sensor (LDS). The dynamic characteristics of the structure, such as the mode shape and natural frequency, were extracted using the obtained displacement data, and were compared with the numerical analysis results. TVDS yielded highly reliable displacement data and highly accurate dynamic characteristics, such as the natural frequency and mode shape of the structure. As the proposed TVDS can easily extract the displacement data even without artificial or natural markers, it has the advantage of extracting displacement data from any portion of the structure in the image.

Multi-tiered sensing and data processing for monitoring ship structures

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Farrar, Charles; Salvino, Liming; Lynch, Jerome

2009-01-01

A comprehensive structural health monitoring (SHM) system is a critical mechanism to ensure hull integrity and evaluate structural performance over the life of a ship, especially for lightweight high-speed ships. One of the most important functions of a SHM system is to provide real-time performance guidance and reduce the risk of structural damage during operations at sea. This is done by continuous feedback from onboard sensors providing measurements of seaway loads and structural responses. Applications of SHM should also include diagnostic capabilities such as identifying the presence of damage, assessing the location and extent of damage when it does occurmore » in order to plan for future inspection and maintenance. The development of such SHM systems is extremely challenging because of the physical size of these structures, the widely varying and often extreme operational and environmental conditions associated with the missions of high performance ships, the lack of data from known damage conditions, the limited sensing that was not designed specifically for SHM, the management of the vast amounts of data, and the need for continued, real-time data processing. This paper will discuss some of these challenges and several outstanding issues that need to be addressed in the context of applying various SHM approaches to sea trials data measured on an aluminum high-speed catamaran, the HSV-2 Swift. A multi-tiered approach for sensing and data processing will be discussed as potential SHM architecture for future shipboard application. This approach will involve application of low cost and dense sensor arrays such as wireless communications in selected areas of the ship hull in addition to conventional sensors measuring global structural response of the ship. A recent wireless hull monitoring demo on FSF-I SeaFighter will be discussed as an example to show how this proposed architecture is a viable approach for long-term and real-time hull monitoring.« less

Identification of Phenolic Compounds in Red and Green Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) Hulls (Exo- and Mesocarp) by HPLC-DAD-ESI-(HR)-MS(n).

PubMed

Erşan, Sevcan; Güçlü Üstündağ, Özlem; Carle, Reinhold; Schweiggert, Ralf M

2016-07-06

Phenolic constituents of the nonlignified red and green pistachio hulls (exo- and mesocarp) were assessed by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(n) as well as by HR-MS. A total of 66 compounds was identified in the respective aqueous methanolic extracts. Among them, gallic acid, monogalloyl glucoside, monogalloyl quinic acid, penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose, hexagalloyl hexose, quercetin 3-O-galactoside, quercetin 3-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-glucuronide, and (17:1)-, (13:0)-, and (13:1)-anacardic acids were detected at highest signal intensity. The main difference between red and green hulls was the presence of anthocyanins in the former ones. Differently galloylated hydrolyzable tannins, anthocyanins, and minor anacardic acids were identified for the first time. Pistachio hulls were thus shown to be a source of structurally diverse and potentially bioactive phenolic compounds. They therefore represent a valuable byproduct of pistachio processing having potential for further utilization as raw material for the recovery of pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and chemical products.

CO2-H2O based pretreatment and enzyme hydrolysis of soybean hulls.

PubMed

Islam, S M Mahfuzul; Li, Qian; Loman, Abdullah Al; Ju, Lu-Kwang

2017-11-01

The high carbohydrate content of soybean hull makes it an attractive biorefinery resource. But hydrolyzing its complex structure requires concerted enzyme activities, at least cellulase, xylanase, pectinase and α-galactosidase. Effective pretreatment that generates minimal inhibitory products is important to facilitate enzymatic hydrolysis. Combined CO 2 -H 2 O pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis by Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei enzyme broths was studied here. The pretreatment was evaluated at 80°C-180°C temperature and 750psi-1800psi pressure, with fixed moisture content (66.7%) and pretreatment time (30min). Ground hulls without and with different pretreatments were hydrolyzed by enzyme at 50°C and pH 4.8 and compared for glucose, xylose, galactose, arabinose, mannose and total reducing sugar release. CO 2 -H 2 O pretreatment at 1250psi and 130°C was found to be optimal. Compared to the unpretreated hulls hydrolyzed with 2.5-fold more enzyme, this pretreatment improved glucose, xylose, galactose, arabinose and mannose releases by 55%, 35%, 105%, 683% and 52%, respectively. Conversions of 97% for glucose, 98% for xylose, 41% for galactose, 59% for arabinose, 87% for mannose and 89% for total reducing sugar were achieved with Spezyme CP at 18FPU/g hull. Monomerization of all carbohydrate types was demonstrated. At the optimum pretreatment condition, generation of inhibitors acetic acid, furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was negligible, 1.5mg/g hull in total. The results confirmed the effective CO 2 -H 2 O pretreatment of soybean hulls at much lower pressure and temperature than those reported for biomass of higher lignin contents. The lower pressure requirement reduces the reactor cost and makes this new pretreatment method more practical and economical. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[Study on Chemical Constituents of Peanut Hull].

PubMed

Zuo, Ai-xue; Sun, Yun; Qian, Shao-xiang; Rao, Gao-xiong

2015-02-01

To investigate the chemical constituents of peanut hull. Several chromatography methods such as silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 combined with recrystallization were applied to isolate the compounds. Based on spectrum technologies (MS,1H-NMR and 13C-NMR) and physico-chemical methods, structures of isolated compounds were identified. Twelve compounds were isolated and elucidated as luteolin (1), diosmetin (2), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-8-prenyflavone (3),5,7,3'-trihydroxy-4'- methoxy-8-prenylflavone(4), eriodicrtyol (5), racemoflavone (6), hydnocarpin (7), 5,7-dihydroxy chromone (8), 5-hydroxy-chromone- 7-O-β-D-glucoside (9), ferulic acid (10), β-sitosterol (11) and daucosterol(12). Except compounds 1, 5 and 8, all compounds are obtained from peanut hull for the first time.

The Assessment of the Ultimate Hull Girder Strength of RO-RO Ship after Damages

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zubair Muis Alie, Muhammad; Sitepu, Ganding; Izaak Latumahin, Samuel

2018-03-01

Many accidents of Ro-Ro ships happen in Indonesia such as collision and grounding. When the collision or grounding takes place on the Ro-Ro ship, the ultimate strength of hull structure after damage becomes decrease. Car and passenger decks are critical location since collision and/or grounding occur. In the present study, the assessment of the ultimate hull girder strength is conducted. The cross section of Ro-Ro ship is taken to be analyzed. The collision and grounding damages are assumed to be palced on the side and bottom area, respectively. The damages are created by removing the element from the side shell and bottom part. Finally, the result obtained is compared with one another.

Clustering of Multivariate Geostatistical Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fouedjio, Francky

2017-04-01

Multivariate data indexed by geographical coordinates have become omnipresent in the geosciences and pose substantial analysis challenges. One of them is the grouping of data locations into spatially contiguous clusters so that data locations belonging to the same cluster have a certain degree of homogeneity while data locations in the different clusters have to be as different as possible. However, groups of data locations created through classical clustering techniques turn out to show poor spatial contiguity, a feature obviously inconvenient for many geoscience applications. In this work, we develop a clustering method that overcomes this problem by accounting the spatial dependence structure of data; thus reinforcing the spatial contiguity of resulting cluster. The capability of the proposed clustering method to provide spatially contiguous and meaningful clusters of data locations is assessed using both synthetic and real datasets. Keywords: clustering, geostatistics, spatial contiguity, spatial dependence.

49 CFR 176.120 - Lightning protection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... or structure from its extremity and throughout to the main body of the hull structure. (Steel masts... grounded to the sea must be provided on any mast or similar structure on a vessel on which Class 1...

49 CFR 176.120 - Lightning protection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... or structure from its extremity and throughout to the main body of the hull structure. (Steel masts... grounded to the sea must be provided on any mast or similar structure on a vessel on which Class 1...

49 CFR 176.120 - Lightning protection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... or structure from its extremity and throughout to the main body of the hull structure. (Steel masts... grounded to the sea must be provided on any mast or similar structure on a vessel on which Class 1...

49 CFR 176.120 - Lightning protection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... or structure from its extremity and throughout to the main body of the hull structure. (Steel masts... grounded to the sea must be provided on any mast or similar structure on a vessel on which Class 1...

49 CFR 176.120 - Lightning protection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... or structure from its extremity and throughout to the main body of the hull structure. (Steel masts... grounded to the sea must be provided on any mast or similar structure on a vessel on which Class 1...

The interaction of extreme waves with hull elements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Galiev, Shamil; Flay, Richard

2010-05-01

The problem of the impact of a rogue wave onto a deformable marine structure is formulated in a few publications (see, for example, a short review in http://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/handle/2292/4474). In this paper the results from numerical and experimental investigations of the effect of cavitation on the deformation of a hull element, loaded by a wall of water, generated by an extreme ocean surface wave are considered. The hull element is modelled as a circular metal plate with the edge of the plate rigidly clamped. The plate surface is much smaller than the surface of the wave front, so that at the initial moment of the interaction, the pressure is constant on the plate surface. At the next instant, because of the plate deformation, axisymmetric loading of the plate occurs. The influences of membrane forces and plastic deformations are ignored, and therefore, the equation of plate motion has the following classical form Eh3(wrrrr+2r -1wrrrr- r-2wrr+r-3wr) = - 121- ν2)[ρhwtt+ δ(r,t)(p+ ρ0a0wt)]. Here w is the plate displacement, subscripts t and rindicate derivatives with respect to time and the radial coordinate, PIC is the plate material density, his the plate thickness, Eis Young's modulus, PIC is Poisson's ratio and p is the pressure of the incident surface wave measured on the wall, PIC is the water density, PIC is the speed of sound in water, and PIC is the normal velocity of the plate. The term PIC takes into account the effect of the deformability of the plate. Obviously, the hull of a vessel is not rigid like a solid wall, but starts to deform and to move. This motion produces a reflected pressure wave, which travels from the hull into the water wave with a magnitude equal to PIC . The normal velocity is positive so the reflected pressure PIC is negative (tensile wave). If the fluid pressure drops below some critical value pk, the wet plate surface separates from the water, and cavitation may be generated. The function δ(r,t) takes into account the effect of the hull cavitation. The function PIC or 0, and is determined during the numerical calculations. Case PIC is valid for the case with no cavitation, and the case δ(r,t) = 0 corresponds to the case with hull cavitation. The results from these calculations allow us to draw the following conclusions. 1) The pressures generated depend greatly on the irregularity of waves. In particular, the shock pressures are affected by this irregularity, making the prediction of their magnitude almost impossible. 2) In the majority of cases, the elastic deformation of thin hull elements by a short duration water wave pressure pulse is accompanied by hull cavitation. The effect of cavitation may be important, provided that the time of loading by the water wall pressure is less than the period of the fundamental frequency of the hull element oscillations. 3) The cavitation zones can enclose practically the whole wet surface and thus completely change the water loading onto the hull element, compared to the pressures that would be developed in the absence of cavitation. 4) The hull element deformation generates surface pressure and cavitation waves. 5) Cavitation interaction of extreme water waves with structures, and hull response, are complex topics, which are not well understood and are expected to be important in the design of advanced ships in the future. 6) The existence of rogue waves makes it important to re-examine some of the ideas developed earlier which are fundamental to merchant ship design.

14 CFR 23.755 - Hulls.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Hulls. 23.755 Section 23.755 Aeronautics... Hulls § 23.755 Hulls. (a) The hull of a hull seaplane or amphibian of 1,500 pounds or more maximum weight must have watertight compartments designed and arranged so that the hull auxiliary floats, and...

Heat-treated hull flour does not affect iron bioavailability in rats.

PubMed

Martino, Hércia Stampini Duarte; Carvalho, Ariela Werneck de; Silva, Cassiano Oliveira da; Dantas, Maria Inês de Souza; Natal, Dorina Isabel Gomes; Ribeiro, Sônia Machado Rocha; Costa, Neuza Maria Brunoro

2011-06-01

In this study the chemical composition and iron bioavailability of hull and hull-less soybean flour from the new cultivar UFVTN 105AP was evaluated. The hemoglobin depletion-repletion method was used in Wistar rats. Soybean hull flour presented 37% more total dietary fiber and higher content of iron than hull-less soybean flour. The phytate:iron molar ratio, however, was 2-fold lower in the soybean hull flour in compared to the hull-less soybean flour. Animals fed soybean hull flour presented hemoglobin gains similar to those of the control diet group (p > 0.05). The Relative Biological Values of hull and hull-less soybean flour were 68.5% and 67.1%, respectively, compared to the control group. Heat-treated soybean hull flour (150 degrees C/30 minutes) showed high content of iron and low phytate, which favors the iron bioavailability. Thus, the soybean hull flour is a better source of dietary fiber and iron than hull-less soybean flour at comparable bioavailabilities.

Limiting Impact Force Due to Yielding and Buckling of the Plates and Internal Structural Frame at the Bow of a Barge during Its Head-on Impact with a Bullnose or Cellular Structure

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-08-01

Locks and Dam. ERDC/ITL TR-09-3 16 The proposed flexible approach walls at Lock and Dams 22 and 25 consist of precast concrete beams supported...Figures 2.3 and 2.5. The rounded hull plate connecting the front and side hull plates (in blue) is shown in brown in Figures 2.2 and 2.3. Figure 2.4...approach angle column in Table 3.1 is of no consequence for these analyses. Table 3.1. Three design load condition categories, frequency of loadings

Open Architecture Framework for Improved Early Stage Submarine Design

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

Figure 12 Data Structure Example – VPH ..................................................................................... 41 Figure 13 SUBSTART Data...in the MIT SMM (e.g. – VPH -VB, pressure hull volume without volume of the in-hull variable ballast). Tables 4 and 5 list the variables by module...MUD1frac FFsurf θ(x,t) V(t) VPH ∆ff VCGLEADs BTf MUDfwd GMt R(x) Vambt VPHguess ∆mbt VCGnsc BTops OBambt ηa tenvsurf Vaux VPH -VB ∆nsc VCGVL

46 CFR 115.645 - Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Procedure. 115.645... AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 115.645 Alternative Hull Examination (AHE... underwater hull plating and a detailed examination of all hull welds, propellers, tailshafts, rudders, and...

A Comparison of Weights Matrices on Computation of Dengue Spatial Autocorrelation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Suryowati, K.; Bekti, R. D.; Faradila, A.

2018-04-01

Spatial autocorrelation is one of spatial analysis to identify patterns of relationship or correlation between locations. This method is very important to get information on the dispersal patterns characteristic of a region and linkages between locations. In this study, it applied on the incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in 17 sub districts in Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Province. The link among location indicated by a spatial weight matrix. It describe the structure of neighbouring and reflects the spatial influence. According to the spatial data, type of weighting matrix can be divided into two types: point type (distance) and the neighbourhood area (contiguity). Selection weighting function is one determinant of the results of the spatial analysis. This study use queen contiguity based on first order neighbour weights, queen contiguity based on second order neighbour weights, and inverse distance weights. Queen contiguity first order and inverse distance weights shows that there is the significance spatial autocorrelation in DHF, but not by queen contiguity second order. Queen contiguity first and second order compute 68 and 86 neighbour list

View of "iron horse" a machine capable of simulating ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

View of "iron horse" - a machine capable of simulating the shape of a hull at any given area in a 1/10 scale. Specific points are identified from 1/10 scale drawings of the ship's body plan. Plastic splines are configured to the body plat at several stations. Points are positioned to specific locations from the body plan over the splines with sufficient gap to insert a piece of electrically conductive paper. The paper is inserted between the points and the splines and forms a section of hull plating at 1/10 scale. An electric current is applied to each point and burns a mark on the paper. The paper is then removed, flattened and now represents a section of hull plating. Using precise photography, the section is projected (as a glass slide) on to a piece of hull plating which may be up to 300 feet long and 8 feet wide. Marks are traced on the plate, which serve as a guide to the cutters who trim the plate to final dimensions. - Naval Base Philadelphia-Philadelphia Naval Shipyard, Structural Assembly Shop, League Island, Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, PA

Tanker Structural Analysis for Minor Collisions

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-12-01

transverse deflections of the stiffened hull may be assumed to vary linearly from the elevation of the forefoot of the striking bow down to zero at the bilge...Transverse de- flections of the stiffened hull may be assumed to vary linearly from the elevation of the forefoot of the striking bow down to zero... Striking Ship CL L-CL - uer panel 0! Forefoot of Bow of Striking Ship C L,’/Y (Ier rane1) 3d Limit of Shearing Plastic Energy TRANSVERSE SECTION AT WEB

Automotive Test Rig Final Design Report. Volume 1. Design and Fabrication.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-01-01

when the ATR overrides a three inch diameter tree . The force generated in accomplishing this is estimated as 500 lbs. The initial hull configuration...and tree , hut does not alter the fact that the contact point is along the welded joint of two hull plates. In the initial analysis, as discussed in R...the current nose structure is more than adequate to withstand the overriding of a three inch diameter tree . 2.8.5 Shock Factor Diagram In conjunction

46 CFR 190.01-10 - Structural standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Structural standards. 190.01-10 Section 190.01-10 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 190.01-10 Structural standards. (a) In general, compliance with...

46 CFR 32.70-5 - Hull requirements; general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull requirements; general-TB/ALL. 32.70-5 Section 32.70..., AND HULL REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Steel Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10, 1936 § 32.70-5 Hull requirements; general—TB/ALL. The scantlings, material, and workmanship, the...

46 CFR 32.75-5 - Hull requirements; general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull requirements; general-TB/ALL. 32.75-5 Section 32.75..., AND HULL REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Wood Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10, 1936 § 32.75-5 Hull requirements; general—TB/ALL. The scantlings, material, and workmanship, and the...

Adsorption of aqueous copper on peanut hulls

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davis, Kanika Octavia

A method was established for measuring the adsorption of Cu(II) from aqueous solution to unmodified and modified peanut hulls at constant temperature and pH. Modification of the hulls was performed by oxidation with alkaline hydrogen peroxide. During the modification process, the hydrogen peroxide solubilizes the lignin component, making the surface more porous which increases the availability of binding sites, while simultaneously oxidizing the cellulose. The oxidation of alcohol groups creates more binding sites by creating functional groups such as COO-, which increases chelation to metal ions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirms delignification of the peanut hulls by the disappearance of carboxyl peaks of the modified hulls, which were originally produced from the lignin content. Although, oxidation is not fully confirmed, it is not ruled out because the expected carboxylate peak (1680 cm-1) maybe overshadowed by a broad peak due to OH bending of water adsorbed to the hulls. Hulls adsorbed copper from solutions in the concentration range of 50-1000 ppm of CuCl2. Concentrations of pre- and post-adsorption solutions were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The adsorption isotherms were fit to known two and three-parameter models, evaluated and the binding mechanism was inferred. Maximum surface coverage was 3.5 +/- 0.6 mg Cu2+ /g hull for unmodified hulls and 11 +/- 1 mg Cu2+/g hull for modified hulls. The adsorption for the hulls is best described by the Langmuir model, suggesting monolayer, homogeneous adsorption. With a free energy of adsorption of 10.5 +/- 0.9 kJ/mol for unmodified hulls and 14.5 +/-0.4 kJ/mol for modified hulls, the process is categorized as chemisorption for both types of hulls. The adsorption for both hulls is also described by the Redlich-Peterson model, giving beta nearer to 1 than 0, which further suggests homogeneous adsorption described by the Langmuir model. After rinsing the hulls, scanning electron microscopy images coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed that the percentage of copper on the modified hulls (2.5 %) was greater than on the unmodified hulls (1.6 %). This study concluded that the adsorption of copper using peanut hulls is a potential method for wastewater treatment and delignification and oxidation of the hulls increases the adsorption capacity approximately three-fold.

46 CFR 45.129 - Hull fittings: General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull fittings: General. 45.129 Section 45.129 Shipping... Assignment § 45.129 Hull fittings: General. Hull fittings must be securely mounted in the hull so as to avoid increases in hull stresses and must be protected from local damage caused by movement of equipment or cargo. ...

A mutation in the rice chalcone isomerase gene causes the golden hull and internode 1 phenotype.

PubMed

Hong, Lilan; Qian, Qian; Tang, Ding; Wang, Kejian; Li, Ming; Cheng, Zhukuan

2012-07-01

The biosynthesis of flavonoids, important secondary plant metabolites, has been investigated extensively, but few mutants of genes in this pathway have been identified in rice (Oryza sativa). The rice gold hull and internode (gh) mutants exhibit a reddish-brown pigmentation in the hull and internode and their phenotype has long been used as a morphological marker trait for breeding and genetic study. Here, we characterized that the gh1 mutant was a mutant of the rice chalcone isomerase gene (OsCHI). The result showed that gh1 had a Dasheng retrotransposon inserted in the 5′ UTR of the OsCHI gene, which resulted in the complete loss of OsCHI expression. gh1 exhibited golden pigmentation in hulls and internodes once the panicles were exposed to light. The total flavonoid content in gh1 hulls was increased threefold compared to wild type. Consistent with the gh1 phenotype, OsCHI transcripts were expressed in most tissues of rice and most abundantly in internodes. It was also expressed at high levels in panicles before heading, distributed mainly in lemmas and paleae, but its expression decreased substantially after the panicles emerged from the sheath. OsCHI encodes a protein functionally and structurally conserved to chalcone isomerases in other species. Our findings demonstrated that the OsCHI gene was indispensable for flux of the flavonoid pathway in rice.

The implementation of the integrated design process in the hole-plan system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ruy, Won-Sun; Ko, Dae-Eun; Yang, Young-Soon

2012-12-01

All current shipyards are using the customized CAD/CAM programs in order to improve the design quality and increase the design efficiency. Even though the data structures for ship design and construction are almost completed, the implementation related to the ship design processes are still in progress so that it has been the main causes of the bottleneck and delay during the middle of design process. In this study, we thought that the hole-plan system would be a good example which is remained to be improved. The people of outfitting division who don't have direct authority to edit the structural panels, should request the hull design division to install the holes for the outfitting equipment. For acceptance, they should calculate the hole position, determine the hole type, and find the intersected contour of panel. After consideration of the hull people, the requested holes are manually installed on the hull structure. As the above, many processes are needed such as communication and discussion between the divisions, drawings for hole-plan, and the consideration for the structural or production compatibility. However this iterative process takes a lot of working time and requires mental pressure to the related people and cross-division conflict. This paper will handle the hole-plan system in detail to automate the series of process and minimize the human efforts and time-consumption.

View of compartment A102 bread room from forward to AFT. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

View of compartment A-102 bread room from forward to AFT. Wood slat decking and ceiling helps to provide adequate air circulation to aid in preservation of flour and baking supplies. Enclosed structure at right of photograph is a portion of the port side coffer dam. The coffer dam ia a partial inner hull to prevent flooding if the outer hull was breached. Originally the coffer dam was filled with water-resistant cellulose mad from corncobs. This material would swell with incoming water if the hull was breached and seal off the hole. Ordinary leakage kept the material wet and created ideal conditions for rot. The material was removed from the coffer dam. Ducts at right provide fresh air to the bread room. (09) - USS Olympia, Penn's Landing, 211 South Columbus Boulevard, Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, PA

The binding efficiency of RPA to telomeric G-strands folded into contiguous G-quadruplexes is independent of the number of G4 units.

PubMed

Lancrey, Astrid; Safa, Layal; Chatain, Jean; Delagoutte, Emmanuelle; Riou, Jean-François; Alberti, Patrizia; Saintomé, Carole

2018-03-01

Replication protein A (RPA) is a single-stranded DNA binding protein involved in replication and in telomere maintenance. During telomere replication, G-quadruplexes (G4) can accumulate on the lagging strand template and need to be resolved. It has been shown that human RPA is able to unfold a single G4. Nevertheless, the G-strand of human telomeres is prone to fold into higher-order structures formed by contiguous G-quadruplexes. To understand how RPA deals with these structures, we studied its interaction with telomeric G-strands folding into an increasing number of contiguous G4s. The aim of this study was to determine whether the efficiency of binding/unfolding of hRPA to telomeric G-strands depends on the number of G4 units. Our data show that the number n of contiguous G4 units (n ≥ 2) does not affect the efficiency of hRPA to coat transiently exposed single-stranded telomeric G-strands. This feature may be essential in preventing instability due to G4 structures during telomere replication. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. and Société Française de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire (SFBBM). All rights reserved.

Aerodynamic Characteristics of Three Deep-Stepped Planing-Tail Flying-Boat Hulls

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Riebe, John M.; Naeseth, Rodger L.

1947-01-01

An investigation was made in the Langley 300 MPH 7- by 10-foot tunnel to determine the aerodynamic characteristics of three deep-stepped planing-tail flying-boat hulls differing only in the amount of step fairing. The hulls were derived by increasing the unfaired step depth of a planing-tail hull of a previous aerodynamic investigation to a depth about 92 percent of the hull beam. Tests were also made on a transverse-stepped hull with an extended afterbody for the purpose of comparison and in order to extend and verify the results of a previous investigation. The investigation indicated that the extended afterbody hull had a minimum drag coefficient about the same as a conventional hull, 0.0066, and an angle-of-attack range for minimum drag coefficient of 0.0057 which was 14 percent less than the transverse stepped hull with extended afterbody; the hulls with step fairing had up to 44 percent less minimum drag coefficient than the transverse-stepped hull, or slightly more drag than a streamlined body having approximately the same length and volume. Longitudinal and lateral instability varied little with step fairing and was about the same as a conventional hull.

46 CFR 28.385 - Structural fire protection for vessels that operate with more than 49 individuals on board.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... SECURITY UNINSPECTED VESSELS REQUIREMENTS FOR COMMERCIAL FISHING INDUSTRY VESSELS Requirements for Vessels...) Construction. The hull, structural bulkheads, columns and stanchions must be composed of steel. Superstructures...

46 CFR 72.01-25 - Additional structural requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 72.01-25 Additional structural requirements. (a) Vessels required.... The construction of the bulkheads shall be to the satisfaction of the Commandant. (2) Steps and... deck, such bulkhead or deck shall be made structurally watertight without the use of wood, cement, or...

Microbial stowaways: Addressing oil spill impacts and the artificial reef effect on deep-sea microbiomes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hamdan, L. J.; Salerno, J. L.; Blackwell, C. A.; Little, B.; McGown, C.; Fitzgerald, L. A.; Damour, M.

2016-02-01

Shipwrecks enhance macro-biological diversity in the deep ocean, but, to date, studies have not explored the reef effect on deep-sea microbiological diversity. This is an important concept to address in a restoration framework, as microbial biogeochemical function impacts recruitment and adhesion of higher trophic levels on artificial reefs. In addition, microbial biofilms influence the preservation of shipwrecks through biologically mediated corrosion. Oil and gas-related activities have potential to disrupt the base of the reef trophic web; therefore, bacterial diversity and gene function at six shipwrecks (3 steel-hulled; 3 wood-hulled) in the northern Gulf of Mexico was investigated as part of the GOM-SCHEMA (Shipwreck Corrosion, Hydrocarbon Exposure, Microbiology, and Archaeology) project. Sites were selected based on proximity to the Deepwater Horizon spill's subsurface plume, depth, hull type, and existing archaeological data. Classification of taxa in sediments adjacent to and at distance from wrecks, in water, and on experimental steel coupons was used to evaluate how the presence of shipwrecks and spill contaminants in the deep biosphere influenced diversity. At all sites, and in all sample types, Proteobacteria were most abundant. Biodiversity was highest in surface sediments and in coupon biofilms adjacent to two steel-hulled wrecks in the study (Halo and Anona) and decreased with sediment depth and distance from the wrecks. Sequences associated with the iron oxidizing Mariprofundus genus were elevated at steel-hulled sites, indicating wreck-specific environmental selection. Despite evidence of the reef effect on microbiomes, bacterial composition was structured primarily by proximity to the spill and secondarily by hull material at all sites. This study provides the first evidence of an artificial reef effect on deep-sea microbial communities and suggests that biodiversity and function of primary colonizers of shipwrecks may be impacted by the spill.

Calculation of the hull and of the car-suspension systems of airships

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Verduzio, R

1924-01-01

Differential and integral curves are presented and well as numerous calculations relating to hulls. Some of the calculations include those relating to hulls, those relating to the invariability of the shape of the hulls, and those relating to the suspension of the hull.

14 CFR 25.755 - Hulls.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Hulls. 25.755 Section 25.755 Aeronautics... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Design and Construction Floats and Hulls § 25.755 Hulls. (a) Each hull must have enough watertight compartments so that, with any two adjacent compartments flooded, the...

14 CFR 29.755 - Hull buoyancy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Hull buoyancy. 29.755 Section 29.755... STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Design and Construction Floats and Hulls § 29.755 Hull buoyancy. Water-based and amphibian rotorcraft. The hull and auxiliary floats, if used, must have enough...

46 CFR 32.75-5 - Hull requirements; general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Hull requirements; general-TB/ALL. 32.75-5 Section 32.75-5 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY TANK VESSELS SPECIAL EQUIPMENT, MACHINERY, AND HULL REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Wood Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10...

46 CFR 32.75-5 - Hull requirements; general-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Hull requirements; general-TB/ALL. 32.75-5 Section 32.75-5 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY TANK VESSELS SPECIAL EQUIPMENT, MACHINERY, AND HULL REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Wood Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10...

46 CFR 151.10-20 - Hull construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... rests upon a pinnacle at the water surface. The maximum hull and tank bending moment and tank saddle reactions (if applicable) shall be determined. The hull bending stress shall not exceed the applicable... hull. In such case, the hull stress shall not exceed either 50 percent of the minimum ultimate tensile...

46 CFR 115.630 - The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program... PASSENGERS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 115.630 The Alternative Hull... hull examination date to the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection (OCMI) who will oversee the survey...

14 CFR 29.757 - Hull and auxiliary float strength.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Hull and auxiliary float strength. 29.757... AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Design and Construction Floats and Hulls § 29.757 Hull and auxiliary float strength. The hull, and auxiliary floats if used, must withstand the...

46 CFR 176.655 - Hull examination reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull examination reports. 176.655 Section 176.655... TONS) INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 176.655 Hull examination reports. (a) If you use only divers for the underwater survey portion of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE...

46 CFR 115.655 - Hull examination reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull examination reports. 115.655 Section 115.655... CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 115.655 Hull examination reports. (a) If you use only divers for the underwater survey portion of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE), you must provide the Officer...

33 CFR 181.29 - Hull identification number display.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Hull identification number... identification number display. Two identical hull identification numbers are required to be displayed on each boat hull. (a) The primary hull identification number must be affixed— (1) On boats with transoms, to...

33 CFR 181.29 - Hull identification number display.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Hull identification number... identification number display. Two identical hull identification numbers are required to be displayed on each boat hull. (a) The primary hull identification number must be affixed— (1) On boats with transoms, to...

Numerical Simulation of Galvanic Corrosion Caused by Shaft Grounding Systems in Steel Ship Hulls

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-01-01

ship hull on paint holidays because of the substantial difference of the electric potentials between the steel ship hull and the nickel-aluminum...steel ship hull on paint holidays because of the substantial difference of the electric potentials between the steel ship hull and the nickel...substantial difference of the electric potentials between the steel ship hull and the nickel-aluminum bronze propellers. There are concerns on the

46 CFR 116.300 - Structural design.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Structure § 116.300 Structural design. Except as otherwise allowed by this subpart, a vessel must comply... the vessel. (a) Steel hull vessels: (1) Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Yachts and Small Craft, Lloyd's Register of Shipping (Lloyd's); or (2) Rules for Building and Classing Steel...

46 CFR 116.300 - Structural design.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Structure § 116.300 Structural design. Except as otherwise allowed by this subpart, a vessel must comply... the vessel. (a) Steel hull vessels: (1) Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Yachts and Small Craft, Lloyd's Register of Shipping (Lloyd's); or (2) Rules for Building and Classing Steel...

46 CFR 116.300 - Structural design.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Structure § 116.300 Structural design. Except as otherwise allowed by this subpart, a vessel must comply... the vessel. (a) Steel hull vessels: (1) Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Yachts and Small Craft, Lloyd's Register of Shipping (Lloyd's); or (2) Rules for Building and Classing Steel...

46 CFR 116.300 - Structural design.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Structure § 116.300 Structural design. Except as otherwise allowed by this subpart, a vessel must comply... the vessel. (a) Steel hull vessels: (1) Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Yachts and Small Craft, Lloyd's Register of Shipping (Lloyd's); or (2) Rules for Building and Classing Steel...

46 CFR 116.300 - Structural design.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Structure § 116.300 Structural design. Except as otherwise allowed by this subpart, a vessel must comply... the vessel. (a) Steel hull vessels: (1) Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Yachts and Small Craft, Lloyd's Register of Shipping (Lloyd's); or (2) Rules for Building and Classing Steel...

Non-cavitating propeller noise modeling and inversion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Dongho; Lee, Keunhwa; Seong, Woojae

2014-12-01

Marine propeller is the dominant exciter of the hull surface above it causing high level of noise and vibration in the ship structure. Recent successful developments have led to non-cavitating propeller designs and thus present focus is the non-cavitating characteristics of propeller such as hydrodynamic noise and its induced hull excitation. In this paper, analytic source model of propeller non-cavitating noise, described by longitudinal quadrupoles and dipoles, is suggested based on the propeller hydrodynamics. To find the source unknown parameters, the multi-parameter inversion technique is adopted using the pressure data obtained from the model scale experiment and pressure field replicas calculated by boundary element method. The inversion results show that the proposed source model is appropriate in modeling non-cavitating propeller noise. The result of this study can be utilized in the prediction of propeller non-cavitating noise and hull excitation at various stages in design and analysis.

Walnut Hulls Clean Aluminum

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Colberg, W. R.; Gordon, G. H.; Jackson, C. H.

1984-01-01

Hulls inflict minimal substrate damage. Walnut hulls found to be best abrasive for cleaning aluminum surfaces prior to painting. Samples blasted with walnut hulls showed no compressive stress of surface.

Electric power supply and demand for the contiguous United States, 1981 - 1990

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1981-07-01

The outlook for electric power supply and demand in the United States decade 1981 to 1990 is reviewed from the perspective of reliability and adequacy of service. Electric power supply adequacy as projected for the nine Regional Reliability Council areas of the contiguous United States is reported as well as interruptible load data reported by the Councils. cogeneration is discussed. Each of the 27 electric regions (sub-areas of the nine Council areas) in the contiguous US are studied. A glossary of terms is given. Appendices describe the Council structure, and include a copy of the ERA-411 Manual, which contains all the items to which the Councils were asked to respond. The utilities with included data, the Staff Report, Estimated Electric Demand and Supply for Summer 1981, Contiguous United States dated May 1981 are included.

Technical note: In situ ruminal starch disappearance kinetics of hull-less barley, hulled barley, and corn grains.

PubMed

Ferreira, G; Yang, Y; Teets, C L; Brooks, W S; Griffey, C A

2018-07-01

The objective of this study was to compare ruminal starch disappearance rates of hull-less barley, hulled barley, and corn grains. Five different genotypes were used for each of the 2 barley types. In addition, each of these genotypes was grown in 2 different locations and years, resulting 10 independent barley samples for each of the 2 barley grain types. Five different genotypes of corn grain were obtained from a commercial seed company. After being ground to pass through a 4-mm screen of a cutter mill, 3.6 g of each grain was placed into a porous bag, which was then incubated in the rumen of 2 ruminally cannulated cows for 0, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h. Corn grains had greater instant ruminal starch disappearances than barley grains (22.4 and 8.2%, respectively). Instant ruminal starch disappearances did not differ between hulled and hull-less barley grains. Ruminal starch fractional disappearance rates were greatest for hulled barley grains, moderate for hull-less barley grains, and lowest for corn grains (15.3, 13.9, and 7.1%/h, respectively). Ruminal starch half-life was shortest for hulled and hull-less barley grains (4.4 h) and longest for corn grains (6.6 h). Ruminal starch half-life did not differ between hulled barley and hull-less barley grains. In conclusion, using a holistic experimental design and statistical analysis, this study showed that starch from hull-less barley grains has a ruminal half-life similar to that of hulled barley grains and shorter than that of corn grains. Copyright © 2018 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

33 CFR 110.31 - Hull Bay and Allerton Harbor at Hull, Mass.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Hull Bay and Allerton Harbor at Hull, Mass. 110.31 Section 110.31 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.31 Hull Bay and Allerton Harbor at...

46 CFR 151.10-20 - Hull construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... reactions (if applicable) shall be determined. The hull bending stress shall not exceed the applicable... hull. In such case, the hull stress shall not exceed either 50 percent of the minimum ultimate tensile... such case, the hull stress shall not exceed the percentage stress values prescribed in § 151.10-20(b)(2...

46 CFR 151.10-20 - Hull construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... reactions (if applicable) shall be determined. The hull bending stress shall not exceed the applicable... hull. In such case, the hull stress shall not exceed either 50 percent of the minimum ultimate tensile... such case, the hull stress shall not exceed the percentage stress values prescribed in § 151.10-20(b)(2...

21 CFR 573.160 - Ammoniated rice hulls.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Ammoniated rice hulls. 573.160 Section 573.160... Additive Listing § 573.160 Ammoniated rice hulls. The food additive ammoniated rice hulls may be safely... obtained by the treatment of ground rice hulls with monocalcium phosphate and anhydrous ammonia at a...

46 CFR 151.10-1 - Barge hull classifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Barge hull classifications. 151.10-1 Section 151.10-1... CARRYING BULK LIQUID HAZARDOUS MATERIAL CARGOES Barge Hull Construction Requirements § 151.10-1 Barge hull classifications. (a) Each barge constructed or converted in conformance with this subpart shall be assigned a hull...

46 CFR 189.15-1 - Standards in inspection of hulls, boilers, and machinery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Standards in inspection of hulls, boilers, and machinery... inspection of hulls, boilers, and machinery. In the inspection of hulls, boilers, and machinery of vessels... chapter, respecting material and construction of hulls, boilers, and machinery, and certificate of...

14 CFR 27.755 - Hulls.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Hulls. 27.755 Section 27.755 Aeronautics... STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Design and Construction Floats and Hulls § 27.755 Hulls. For each rotorcraft, with a hull and auxiliary floats, that is to be approved for both taking off from and landing on...

37 CFR 212.5 - Recordation of distinctive identification of vessel hull designer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... identification of vessel hull designer. 212.5 Section 212.5 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights COPYRIGHT OFFICE, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COPYRIGHT OFFICE AND PROCEDURES PROTECTION OF VESSEL HULL DESIGNS § 212.5 Recordation of distinctive identification of vessel hull designer. (a) General. Any owner of a vessel hull may...

46 CFR 91.15-1 - Standards in inspection of hulls, boilers, and machinery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Standards in inspection of hulls, boilers, and machinery... hulls, boilers, and machinery. In the inspection of hulls, boilers, and machinery of vessels, the..., respecting material and inspection of hulls, boilers, and machinery, and the certificate of classification...

46 CFR 176.620 - Description of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program for certain passenger vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Description of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE... Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 176.620 Description of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program for certain passenger vessels. The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program provides you with an...

33 CFR 110.31 - Hull Bay and Allerton Harbor at Hull, Mass.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Hull Bay and Allerton Harbor at Hull, Mass. 110.31 Section 110.31 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.31 Hull Bay and Allerton Harbor at...

46 CFR 45.153 - Through-hull piping: General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Through-hull piping: General. 45.153 Section 45.153... Conditions of Assignment § 45.153 Through-hull piping: General. (a) All through-hull pipes required by this subpart must be made of steel or material equivalent to the hull in strength and fatigue resistance. (b...

CFD investigation of pentamaran ship model with chine hull form on the resistance characteristics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yanuar; Sulistyawati, W.

2018-03-01

This paper presents an investigation of pentamaran hull form with chine hull form to the effects of outriggers position, asymmetry, and deadrise angles on the resistance characteristics. The investigation to the resistance characteristics by modelling pentamaran hull form using chine with symmetrical main hull and asymmetric outboard on the variation deadrise angles: 25°, 30°, 35° and Froude number 0,1 to 0,7. On calm water resistance characteristics of six pentamaran models with chine-hull form examined by variation of deadrise angles by using CFD. Comparation with Wigley hull form, the maximum resistance drag reduction of the chine hull form was reduced by 15.81% on deadrise 25°, 13.8% on deadrise 30°, and 20.38% on deadrise 35°. While the smallest value of total resistance coefficient was generated from chine 35° at R/L:1/14 and R/L:1/7. Optimum hull form for minimum resistance has been obtained, so it is interesting to continue with angle of entrance and stem angle of hull for further research.

Effect of fabrication processes on mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced polymer composites for 49 meter (160 foot) recreational yachts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Dave (dea-wook); Hennigan, Daniel John; Beavers, Kevin Daniel

2010-03-01

Polymer composite materialsoffer high strength and stiffness to weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and total life cost reductions that appeal to the marine industry. The advantages of composite construction have led to their incorporation in U.S. yacht hull structures over 46 meters (150 feet) in length. In order to construct even larger hull structures, higher quality composites with a lower cost production techniques need to be developed. In this study, the effect of composite hull fabrication processes on mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced plastic(GFRP) composites is presented. Fabrication techniques used in this study are hand lay-up (HL), vacuum infusion (VI), and hybrid (HL+VI) processes. Mechanical property testing includes: tensile, compressive, and ignition loss sample analysis. Results demonstrate that the vacuum pressure implemented during composite fabrication has an effect on mechanical properties. The VI processed GFRP yields improved mechanical properties in tension/compression strengths and tensile modulus. The hybrid GFRP composites, however, failed in a sequential manor, due to dissimilar failure modes in the HL and VI processed sides. Fractography analysis was conducted to validate the mechanical property testing results

46 CFR 176.625 - Eligibility requirements for the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program for certain passenger...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Eligibility requirements for the Alternative Hull... CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 176.625 Eligibility requirements for the Alternative Hull... if— (1) It is constructed of steel or aluminum; (2) It has an effective hull protection system; (3...

46 CFR 32.63-5 - Barge hull classifications-B/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Barge hull classifications-B/ALL. 32.63-5 Section 32.63..., AND HULL REQUIREMENTS Hull and Cargo Tank Requirements for Tank Barges Constructed or Converted On or After July 1, 1964, and Carrying Certain Dangerous Bulk Cargoes § 32.63-5 Barge hull classifications—B...

Sunflower hulls degradation by co-composting with different nitrogen sources.

PubMed

Conghos, M M; Aguirre, M E; Santamaría, R M

2006-09-01

The decomposition of sunflower hull and its mixtures was examined under mesophilic (M) and thermophilic (T) temperatures during 100 days. Thermophilic conditions were used to define the composting process. Vetch, alfalfa and ammonium nitrate were used as nitrogen co-substrates, in 6 treatments: sunflower hulls alone (C), sunflower hulls plus ammonium nitrate (CN), sunflower hulls plus alfalfa (CA), sunflower hulls plus alfalfa and ammonium nitrate (CAV), sunflower hulls plus vetch (CV), sunflower hulls plus vetch and ammonium nitrate (CVN). Total organic carbon (TOC), oxidizable carbon (OC), dry matter, ashes content, total nitrogen (N), cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pH, electrical conductivity and C to N ratio were measured to asses the efficiency of the composting process and to determine the best amendment. Results show that sunflower hulls (Sh) treatment with the organic amendments had a better response than the inorganic ones. This was concluded from the variation in the fiberfractions, the decrease in dry matter and the major decrease in C to N ratio.

46 CFR 32.75-15 - Electric bonding and grounding for tanks-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... EQUIPMENT, MACHINERY, AND HULL REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Wood Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior... cargo tanks in wood hull tank vessels shall be electrically bonded together with stranded copper cable...

46 CFR 32.75-15 - Electric bonding and grounding for tanks-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... EQUIPMENT, MACHINERY, AND HULL REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Wood Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior... cargo tanks in wood hull tank vessels shall be electrically bonded together with stranded copper cable...

59. A YOUNG RALPH HULL WITH DOG AND CAT IN ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

59. A YOUNG RALPH HULL WITH DOG AND CAT IN FRONT OF FAMILY HOME IN DAWSON. PHOTOGRAPHER: UNKNOWN. DATE: 1939. COURTESY OF RALPH HULL. - Hull-Oakes Lumber Company, 23837 Dawson Road, Monroe, Benton County, OR

Ultimate Longitudinal Strength of Composite Ship Hulls

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Xiangming; Huang, Lingkai; Zhu, Libao; Tang, Yuhang; Wang, Anwen

2017-01-01

A simple analytical model to estimate the longitudinal strength of ship hulls in composite materials under buckling, material failure and ultimate collapse is presented in this paper. Ship hulls are regarded as assemblies of stiffened panels which idealized as group of plate-stiffener combinations. Ultimate strain of the plate-stiffener combination is predicted under buckling or material failure with composite beam-column theory. The effects of initial imperfection of ship hull and eccentricity of load are included. Corresponding longitudinal strengths of ship hull are derived in a straightforward method. A longitudinally framed ship hull made of symmetrically stacked unidirectional plies under sagging is analyzed. The results indicate that present analytical results have a good agreement with FEM method. The initial deflection of ship hull and eccentricity of load can dramatically reduce the bending capacity of ship hull. The proposed formulations provide a simple but useful tool for the longitudinal strength estimation in practical design.

Design loads and uncertainties for the transverse strength of ships

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pittaluga, A.

1995-12-31

Rational design of ship structures is becoming a reality, and a reliability based approach for the longitudinal strength assessment of ship hulls is close to implementation. Transverse strength of ships is a step behind, mainly due to the complexity of the collapse modes associated with transverse strength. Nevertheless, some investigations are being made and the importance of an acceptable stochastic model for the environmental demand on the transverse structures is widely recognized. In the paper, the problem of the determination of the sea loads on a transverse section of a ship is discussed. The problem of extrapolating the calculated results,more » which are relevant to the submerged portion of the hull, to areas which are only occasionally wet in extreme conditions is also addressed.« less

Investigation of impact phenomena on the marine structures: Part II - Internal energy of the steel structure applied by selected materials in the ship-ship collision incidents

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Prabowo, A. R.; Baek, S. J.; Lee, S. G.; Bae, D. M.; Sohn, J. M.

2018-01-01

Phenomena of impact loads on the marine structures has attracted attention to be predicted regarding its influences to structural damage. This part demands sustainable analysis and observation as tendency may vary from one to others since impact involves various scenario models and the structure itself experiences continuous development. Investigation of the damage extent can be conducted by observation on the energy behaviour during two entities involve in a contact. This study aimed to perform numerical investigation to predict structural damage by assessing absorbed strain energy represented by the internal energy during a series of ship collisions. The collision target in ship-ship interactions were determined on the single and double hulls part of a passenger ship. Tendency of the internal energy by the steel structures was summarized, and verification was presented by several crashworthiness criteria. It was found that steel structures applied by the material grades A and B produced different tendencies compared to the material grades D and E. Effect of the structural arrangement to structural responses in terms of strain and stress indicated that the single hull presented contour expansion mainly on the longitudinal directions.

A comparative study between experimental results and numerical predictions of multi-wall structural response to hypervelocity impact

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schonberg, William P.; Peck, Jeffrey A.

1992-01-01

Over the last three decades, multiwall structures have been analyzed extensively, primarily through experiment, as a means of increasing the protection afforded to spacecraft structure. However, as structural configurations become more varied, the number of tests required to characterize their response increases dramatically. As an alternative, numerical modeling of high-speed impact phenomena is often being used to predict the response of a variety of structural systems under impact loading conditions. This paper presents the results of a preliminary numerical/experimental investigation of the hypervelocity impact response of multiwall structures. The results of experimental high-speed impact tests are compared against the predictions of the HULL hydrodynamic computer code. It is shown that the hypervelocity impact response characteristics of a specific system cannot be accurately predicted from a limited number of HULL code impact simulations. However, if a wide range of impact loadings conditions are considered, then the ballistic limit curve of the system based on the entire series of numerical simulations can be used as a relatively accurate indication of actual system response.

46 CFR 92.07-10 - Construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Construction. 92.07-10 Section 92.07-10 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CARGO AND MISCELLANEOUS VESSELS CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Structural Fire Protection § 92.07-10 Construction. (a) The hull, superstructure, structural...

Allometric relationships between traveltime channel networks, convex hulls, and convexity measures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tay, Lea Tien; Sagar, B. S. Daya; Chuah, Hean Teik

2006-06-01

The channel network (S) is a nonconvex set, while its basin [C(S)] is convex. We remove open-end points of the channel connectivity network iteratively to generate a traveltime sequence of networks (Sn). The convex hulls of these traveltime networks provide an interesting topological quantity, which has not been noted thus far. We compute lengths of shrinking traveltime networks L(Sn) and areas of corresponding convex hulls C(Sn), the ratios of which provide convexity measures CM(Sn) of traveltime networks. A statistically significant scaling relationship is found for a model network in the form L(Sn) ˜ A[C(Sn)]0.57. From the plots of the lengths of these traveltime networks and the areas of their corresponding convex hulls as functions of convexity measures, new power law relations are derived. Such relations for a model network are CM(Sn) ˜ ? and CM(Sn) ˜ ?. In addition to the model study, these relations for networks derived from seven subbasins of Cameron Highlands region of Peninsular Malaysia are provided. Further studies are needed on a large number of channel networks of distinct sizes and topologies to understand the relationships of these new exponents with other scaling exponents that define the scaling structure of river networks.

77 FR 15647 - Special Local Regulation for Marine Events; Temporary Change of Dates for Recurring Marine Events...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-16

...- hull and twin-hull inboard hydroplanes racing in heats counter- clockwise around an oval race course... marine event. The event consists of approximately 50 V-hull and twin-hull inboard hydroplanes racing in...

77 FR 25070 - Special Local Regulation for Marine Events; Temporary Change of Dates for Recurring Marine Events...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-27

... Atlantic Ocean near Ocean City, Maryland. The event consists of approximately 50 V- hull and twin-hull... consists of approximately 50 V-hull and twin-hull inboard hydroplanes racing in heats counter-clockwise...

Lifting and protecting residential structures from subsidence damage using airbags

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Triplett, T.L.; Bennett, R.M.

1998-12-31

Conventional practice in protecting residential structures from subsidence damage concentrates on saving the superstructure. The foundation is sacrificed, even though it represents the structural component with the greatest replacement cost. In this study, airbags were used to lift a 20 ft x 30 ft structure to test their ability to protect both the foundation and superstructure from ground settlement. Two contiguous sides of the test foundation were unreinforced, and the other two contiguous sides incorporated footing and wall reinforcement. The airbags successfully lifted the structure without causing damage, even on the unreinforced sides. This paper gives a procedure for determiningmore » airbag spacing, and describes installation and operation techniques of the airbags. The paper then focuses on the performance of the airbags in lifting the structure, and shows that airbags can preserve existing foundations during subsidence movements.« less

33 CFR 181.29 - Hull identification number display.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Hull identification number... SECURITY (CONTINUED) BOATING SAFETY MANUFACTURER REQUIREMENTS Identification of Boats § 181.29 Hull identification number display. Two identical hull identification numbers are required to be displayed on each...

33 CFR 181.23 - Hull identification numbers required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Hull identification numbers... SECURITY (CONTINUED) BOATING SAFETY MANUFACTURER REQUIREMENTS Identification of Boats § 181.23 Hull... identify each boat produced or imported with two hull identification numbers that meet the requirements of...

Classification of Fusarium-Infected Korean Hulled Barley Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis

PubMed Central

Lim, Jongguk; Kim, Giyoung; Mo, Changyeun; Oh, Kyoungmin; Yoo, Hyeonchae; Ham, Hyeonheui; Kim, Moon S.

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study is to use near-infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy equipment to nondestructively and rapidly discriminate Fusarium-infected hulled barley. Both normal hulled barley and Fusarium-infected hulled barley were scanned by using a NIR spectrometer with a wavelength range of 1175 to 2170 nm. Multiple mathematical pretreatments were applied to the reflectance spectra obtained for Fusarium discrimination and the multivariate analysis method of partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used for discriminant prediction. The PLS-DA prediction model developed by applying the second-order derivative pretreatment to the reflectance spectra obtained from the side of hulled barley without crease achieved 100% accuracy in discriminating the normal hulled barley and the Fusarium-infected hulled barley. These results demonstrated the feasibility of rapid discrimination of the Fusarium-infected hulled barley by combining multivariate analysis with the NIR spectroscopic technique, which is utilized as a nondestructive detection method. PMID:28974012

Electronic Devices with Strontium Barrier Film and Process for Making Same

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-08-20

structure of the barrier film on an atomic level where the barrier film is comprised of a plurality of contiguous monolayers, while FIG. 7B shows another...another embodiment where the barrier film is comprised of a plurality of contiguous monolayers in which different monolayers thereof are formed of...High Energy Electron 10 Diffraction (RHEED) diagnostic system directed toward the substrate 26. A diffusion barrier precursor compound effusion

Electronic Devices with Composite Atomic Barrier Film and Process for Making Same

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-08-20

structure of the barrier film on an atomic level where the barrier film is comprised of a plurality of contiguous monolayers, while FIG. 7B shows...another embodiment where the barrier film is comprised of a plurality of contiguous monolayers in which different monolayers thereof are formed of...High Energy Electron 10 Diffraction (RHEED) diagnostic system directed toward the substrate 26. A diffusion barrier precursor compound effusion

33 CFR 181.25 - Hull identification number format.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Hull identification number format... (CONTINUED) BOATING SAFETY MANUFACTURER REQUIREMENTS Identification of Boats § 181.25 Hull identification number format. Each of the hull identification numbers required by § 181.23 must consist of twelve...

46 CFR 154.516 - Piping: Hull protection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Piping: Hull protection. 154.516 Section 154.516 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CERTAIN BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES SAFETY... and Process Piping Systems § 154.516 Piping: Hull protection. A vessel's hull must be protected from...

77 FR 16172 - Application for Foreign Rebuilding Determination

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-20

... determinations and directs when vessels with coastwise trade endorsements whose hulls or superstructure are.... This company noted that the existing discretionary rebuild test of 7.5 to 10 percent of hull or... components of the hull or superstructure of a vessel. However, ``hull'' and ``superstructure'' remain defined...

Biofilm community structure and the associated drag penalties of a groomed fouling release ship hull coating.

PubMed

Hunsucker, Kelli Z; Vora, Gary J; Hunsucker, J Travis; Gardner, Harrison; Leary, Dagmar H; Kim, Seongwon; Lin, Baochuan; Swain, Geoffrey

2018-02-01

Grooming is a proactive method to keep a ship's hull free of fouling. This approach uses a frequent and gentle wiping of the hull surface to prevent the recruitment of fouling organisms. A study was designed to compare the community composition and the drag associated with biofilms formed on a groomed and ungroomed fouling release coating. The groomed biofilms were dominated by members of the Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria as well the diatoms Navicula, Gomphonemopsis, Cocconeis, and Amphora. Ungroomed biofilms were characterized by Phyllobacteriaceae, Xenococcaceae, Rhodobacteraceae, and the pennate diatoms Cyclophora, Cocconeis, and Amphora. The drag forces associated with a groomed biofilm (0.75 ± 0.09 N) were significantly less than the ungroomed biofilm (1.09 ± 0.06 N). Knowledge gained from this study has helped the design of additional testing which will improve grooming tool design, minimizing the growth of biofilms and thus lowering the frictional drag forces associated with groomed surfaces.

Hot-compressed water extraction of polysaccharides from soy hulls.

PubMed

Liu, Hua-Min; Wang, Fei-Yun; Liu, Yu-Lan

2016-07-01

The polysaccharides of soy hulls were extracted by hot-compressed water at temperatures of 110 from 180°C and various treatment times (10-150min) in a batch system. It was determined that a moderate temperature and short time are suitable for the preparation of polysaccharides. The structure of xylan and the inter- and intra-chain hydrogen bonding of cellulose fibrils in the soy hulls were not significantly broken down. The polysaccharides obtained were primarily composed of α-L-arabinofuranosyl units, 4-O-methyl-glucuronic acid units and α-D-galactose units attached with substituted units. A sugar analysis indicated that arabinose was the major component, constituting 35.6-46.9% of the polysaccharide products extracted at 130°C, 140°C, and 150°C. This investigation contributes to the knowledge of the polysaccharides of soy by-products, which can reduce the environmental impact of waste from the food industries. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Improvement to the Standardization Life-Cycle-Cost Model for Hull, Mechanical, and Electrical Components and Equipments.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-03-01

APL 061900283, Compressor, Motor , AC, 440 V, Valve, Solenoid Centrifugal, 230 gpm Air 300 hp Each C/E was identified to a distinguishable complexity...Deck and Hull Machinery D Rocket Handling Agitator-Paint Shaker Deck and Hull Machinery B Air Conditioner Refrigeration/Heating C Systems Air Ejector...Terminal Electrical Systems a Brake- Air Deck and Hull Machinery D Brake-Electric, Motor Operated Deck and Hull Machinery D Srake-Electric, Solenoid

Genetic control of a transition from black to straw-white seed hull in rice domestication.

PubMed

Zhu, Bo-Feng; Si, Lizhen; Wang, Zixuan; Zhou, Yan; Zhu, Jinjie; Shangguan, Yingying; Lu, Danfeng; Fan, Danlin; Li, Canyang; Lin, Hongxuan; Qian, Qian; Sang, Tao; Zhou, Bo; Minobe, Yuzo; Han, Bin

2011-03-01

The genetic mechanism involved in a transition from the black-colored seed hull of the ancestral wild rice (Oryza rufipogon and Oryza nivara) to the straw-white seed hull of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) during grain ripening remains unknown. We report that the black hull of O. rufipogon was controlled by the Black hull4 (Bh4) gene, which was fine-mapped to an 8.8-kb region on rice chromosome 4 using a cross between O. rufipogon W1943 (black hull) and O. sativa indica cv Guangluai 4 (straw-white hull). Bh4 encodes an amino acid transporter. A 22-bp deletion within exon 3 of the bh4 variant disrupted the Bh4 function, leading to the straw-white hull in cultivated rice. Transgenic study indicated that Bh4 could restore the black pigment on hulls in cv Guangluai 4 and Kasalath. Bh4 sequence alignment of all taxa with the outgroup Oryza barthii showed that the wild rice maintained comparable levels of nucleotide diversity that were about 70 times higher than those in the cultivated rice. The results from the maximum likelihood Hudson-Kreitman-Aguade test suggested that the significant reduction in nucleotide diversity in rice cultivars could be caused by artificial selection. We propose that the straw-white hull was selected as an important visual phenotype of nonshattered grains during rice domestication.

Genetic Control of a Transition from Black to Straw-White Seed Hull in Rice Domestication1[C][W][OA

PubMed Central

Zhu, Bo-Feng; Si, Lizhen; Wang, Zixuan; Jingjie Zhu, Yan Zhou; Shangguan, Yingying; Lu, Danfeng; Fan, Danlin; Li, Canyang; Lin, Hongxuan; Qian, Qian; Sang, Tao; Zhou, Bo; Minobe, Yuzo; Han, Bin

2011-01-01

The genetic mechanism involved in a transition from the black-colored seed hull of the ancestral wild rice (Oryza rufipogon and Oryza nivara) to the straw-white seed hull of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) during grain ripening remains unknown. We report that the black hull of O. rufipogon was controlled by the Black hull4 (Bh4) gene, which was fine-mapped to an 8.8-kb region on rice chromosome 4 using a cross between O. rufipogon W1943 (black hull) and O. sativa indica cv Guangluai 4 (straw-white hull). Bh4 encodes an amino acid transporter. A 22-bp deletion within exon 3 of the bh4 variant disrupted the Bh4 function, leading to the straw-white hull in cultivated rice. Transgenic study indicated that Bh4 could restore the black pigment on hulls in cv Guangluai 4 and Kasalath. Bh4 sequence alignment of all taxa with the outgroup Oryza barthii showed that the wild rice maintained comparable levels of nucleotide diversity that were about 70 times higher than those in the cultivated rice. The results from the maximum likelihood Hudson-Kreitman-Aguade test suggested that the significant reduction in nucleotide diversity in rice cultivars could be caused by artificial selection. We propose that the straw-white hull was selected as an important visual phenotype of nonshattered grains during rice domestication. PMID:21263038

Development of a New Unmanned Semi- Submersible (USS) Vehicle

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

radio systems. All of the concept hulls fall into the categories of semi-submersible hull types and semi- floater hull types. Both hulls have the bulk...of their volume below the water surface. The semi- floater would have a large cross-section of surface expression whereas the semi-submersible would

46 CFR 308.107 - War risk hull insurance policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false War risk hull insurance policy. 308.107 Section 308.107 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY OPERATIONS WAR RISK INSURANCE War Risk Hull and Disbursements Insurance § 308.107 War risk hull insurance policy. Standard Form MA-240...

46 CFR 115.650 - Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program options: Divers or underwater ROV.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program options... MORE THAN 49 PASSENGERS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 115.650 Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program options: Divers or underwater ROV. To complete your underwater...

46 CFR 176.630 - The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program... PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 176.630 The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program application. If your vessel meets the eligibility...

46 CFR 176.660 - Continued participation in the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Continued participation in the Alternative Hull... (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 176.660 Continued participation in the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program. (a) To...

46 CFR 176.650 - Alternative Hull Examination Program options: Divers or underwater ROV.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Alternative Hull Examination Program options: Divers or...) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 176.650 Alternative Hull Examination Program options: Divers or underwater ROV. To complete the...

46 CFR 131.210 - Hulls.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hulls. 131.210 Section 131.210 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELS OPERATIONS Markings on Vessels § 131.210 Hulls. The hull of each vessel must be marked as required by parts 67 and 69 of this chapter. ...

46 CFR 252.33 - Hull and machinery insurance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull and machinery insurance. 252.33 Section 252.33... Subsidy Rates § 252.33 Hull and machinery insurance. (a) Subsidy items. The fair and reasonable net premium costs (including stamp taxes) of hull and machinery, increased value, excess general average...

46 CFR 71.50-25 - Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) procedure. 71.50-25... INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Drydocking § 71.50-25 Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) procedure. (a) To complete the underwater survey you must— (1) Perform a general examination of the underwater hull plating...

46 CFR 91.25-25 - Hull equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull equipment. 91.25-25 Section 91.25-25 Shipping COAST... CERTIFICATION Inspection for Certification § 91.25-25 Hull equipment. (a) At each inspection for certification and periodic inspection, the inspectors shall conduct the following tests and inspections of hull...

46 CFR 115.802 - Hull.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull. 115.802 Section 115.802 Shipping COAST GUARD....802 Hull. (a) At each initial and subsequent inspection for certification of a vessel, the owner or managing operator shall be prepared to conduct tests and have the vessel ready for inspections of the hull...

46 CFR 189.25-25 - Hull equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull equipment. 189.25-25 Section 189.25-25 Shipping... CERTIFICATION Inspection for Certification § 189.25-25 Hull equipment. (a) At each inspection for certification and periodic inspection the inspector shall conduct the following tests and inspections of hull...

46 CFR 115.660 - Continued participation in the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Continued participation in the Alternative Hull... MORE THAN 49 PASSENGERS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 115.660 Continued participation in the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program. (a) To continue to participate in...

14 CFR 29.757 - Hull and auxiliary float strength.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Hull and auxiliary float strength. 29.757 Section 29.757 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION... § 29.757 Hull and auxiliary float strength. The hull, and auxiliary floats if used, must withstand the...

46 CFR 308.107 - War risk hull insurance policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false War risk hull insurance policy. 308.107 Section 308.107 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY OPERATIONS WAR RISK INSURANCE War Risk Hull and Disbursements Insurance § 308.107 War risk hull insurance policy. Standard Form MA-240...

46 CFR 308.107 - War risk hull insurance policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false War risk hull insurance policy. 308.107 Section 308.107 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY OPERATIONS WAR RISK INSURANCE War Risk Hull and Disbursements Insurance § 308.107 War risk hull insurance policy. Standard Form MA-240...

46 CFR 308.107 - War risk hull insurance policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false War risk hull insurance policy. 308.107 Section 308.107 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY OPERATIONS WAR RISK INSURANCE War Risk Hull and Disbursements Insurance § 308.107 War risk hull insurance policy. Standard Form MA-240...

46 CFR 308.107 - War risk hull insurance policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false War risk hull insurance policy. 308.107 Section 308.107 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY OPERATIONS WAR RISK INSURANCE War Risk Hull and Disbursements Insurance § 308.107 War risk hull insurance policy. Standard Form MA-240...

46 CFR 116.340 - Alternate design considerations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 116.340 Alternate design considerations. The Commanding Officer, Marine Safety... does not meet the requirements of § 116.300, if it is shown by systematic analysis based on engineering principles that the vessel structure provides adequate safety and strength. An owner seeking approval of an...

46 CFR 116.340 - Alternate design considerations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 116.340 Alternate design considerations. The Commanding Officer, Marine Safety... does not meet the requirements of § 116.300, if it is shown by systematic analysis based on engineering principles that the vessel structure provides adequate safety and strength. An owner seeking approval of an...

46 CFR 116.340 - Alternate design considerations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 116.340 Alternate design considerations. The Commanding Officer, Marine Safety... does not meet the requirements of § 116.300, if it is shown by systematic analysis based on engineering principles that the vessel structure provides adequate safety and strength. An owner seeking approval of an...

46 CFR 177.340 - Alternate design considerations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Alternate design considerations. 177.340 Section 177.340... TONS) CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 177.340 Alternate design considerations. When the structure of vessel is of novel design, unusual form, or special materials, which cannot be reviewed or...

46 CFR 151.10-1 - Barge hull classifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Barge hull classifications. 151.10-1 Section 151.10-1... classifications. (a) Each barge constructed or converted in conformance with this subpart shall be assigned a hull... the hull type classification for the service for which they were originally approved. Changes in...

33 CFR 181.27 - Information displayed near hull identification number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Information displayed near hull... displayed near hull identification number. With the exception of the characters “US-”, which constitute the... the 12-character hull identification number (HIN), that information must be separated from the HIN by...

46 CFR 167.15-27 - Definitions relating to hull examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions relating to hull examinations. 167.15-27... PUBLIC NAUTICAL SCHOOL SHIPS Inspections § 167.15-27 Definitions relating to hull examinations. As used... slipway for an examination of all accessible parts of the vessel's underwater body and all through-hull...

14 CFR 23.529 - Hull and main float landing conditions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Hull and main float landing conditions. 23... Water Loads § 23.529 Hull and main float landing conditions. (a) Symmetrical step, bow, and stern... directed perpendicularly to the keel line. (b) Unsymmetrical landing for hull and single float seaplanes...

46 CFR 167.15-25 - Inspection standards for hulls, boilers and machinery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Inspection standards for hulls, boilers and machinery... SCHOOLS PUBLIC NAUTICAL SCHOOL SHIPS Inspections § 167.15-25 Inspection standards for hulls, boilers and... Classing Steel Vessels” regarding the construction of hulls, boilers and machinery in effect on the date of...

46 CFR 71.50-19 - The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program...) PASSENGER VESSELS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Drydocking § 71.50-19 The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE... apply to the AHE Program. You must submit an application at least 90 days before the requested hull...

46 CFR 71.15-1 - Standards in inspection of hulls, boilers, and machinery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Standards in inspection of hulls, boilers, and machinery... VESSELS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Inspection of Vessels § 71.15-1 Standards in inspection of hulls, boilers, and machinery. In the inspection of hulls, boilers, and machinery of vessels, the standards...

33 CFR 80.135 - Hull, MA to Race Point, MA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Hull, MA to Race Point, MA. 80... INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION RULES COLREGS DEMARCATION LINES Atlantic Coast § 80.135 Hull, MA to Race Point, MA. (a... the east coast of Massachusetts from the easternmost radio tower at Hull, charted in approximate...

46 CFR 111.05-11 - Hull return.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull return. 111.05-11 Section 111.05-11 Shipping COAST... REQUIREMENTS Equipment Ground, Ground Detection, and Grounded Systems § 111.05-11 Hull return. (a) A vessel's hull must not carry current as a conductor except for the following systems: (1) Impressed current...

46 CFR 71.50-15 - Description of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program for certain passenger vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Description of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE... Description of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program for certain passenger vessels. The Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program provides you with an alternative to a drydock examination by allowing...

46 CFR 282.23 - Hull and machinery insurance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull and machinery insurance. 282.23 Section 282.23... COMMERCE OF THE UNITED STATES Calculation of Subsidy Rates § 282.23 Hull and machinery insurance. (a) Subsidy items. The fair and reasonable net premium costs (including stamp taxes) of hull and machinery...

46 CFR 115.625 - Eligibility requirements for the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program for certain passenger...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Eligibility requirements for the Alternative Hull... OVERNIGHT ACCOMMODATIONS FOR MORE THAN 49 PASSENGERS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 115.625 Eligibility requirements for the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program for certain...

77 FR 29251 - Safety Zone; Carnival Fireworks Display, Nantasket Beach, Hull, MA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-17

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Carnival Fireworks Display, Nantasket Beach, Hull, MA AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS... zone on the navigable waters off of Nantasket Beach in the vicinity of Hull, MA for a Carnival... spectators and vessels from the hazards associated with fireworks displays. Discussion of Proposed Rule Hull...

46 CFR 71.50-27 - Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) program options: Divers or underwater remotely operated...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) program options...-27 Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) program options: Divers or underwater remotely operated vehicle... operations; (2) Provide permanent hull markings, a temporary grid system of wires or cables spaced not more...

46 CFR 71.50-29 - Hull examination reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull examination reports. 71.50-29 Section 71.50-29... CERTIFICATION Drydocking § 71.50-29 Hull examination reports. (a) If you use only divers for the underwater survey portion of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE), you must provide the Officer in Charge, Marine...

46 CFR 71.25-25 - Hull equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull equipment. 71.25-25 Section 71.25-25 Shipping COAST... Inspection § 71.25-25 Hull equipment. (a) At each annual inspection, the inspector shall conduct the following tests and inspections of hull equipment: (1) All subdivision bulkheads shall be examined to...

46 CFR 71.50-17 - Eligibility requirements for the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program for certain passenger...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Eligibility requirements for the Alternative Hull...-17 Eligibility requirements for the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program for certain passenger... aluminum; (2) It has an effective hull protection system; (3) It has operated exclusively in fresh water...

46 CFR 115.620 - Description of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program for certain passenger vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Description of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE... ACCOMMODATIONS FOR MORE THAN 49 PASSENGERS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 115.620 Description of the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program for certain passenger vessels. The Alternative...

46 CFR 71.50-31 - Continued participation in the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Continued participation in the Alternative Hull... the Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) program. (a) To continue to participate in the AHE Program, vessel operators must conduct an annual hull condition assessment. At a minimum, vessel operators must...

46 CFR 45.135 - Hull openings at or below freeboard deck.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull openings at or below freeboard deck. 45.135 Section 45.135 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.135 Hull openings at or below freeboard deck. Closures for hull...

46 CFR 169.231 - Definitions relating to hull examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions relating to hull examinations. 169.231... hull examinations. As used in the part— (a) Drydock examination means hauling out a vessel or placing a... and all through-hull fittings, sea chests, sea valves, sea strainers, and valves for the emergency...

14 CFR 23.531 - Hull and main float takeoff condition.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Hull and main float takeoff condition. 23.531 Section 23.531 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION... Water Loads § 23.531 Hull and main float takeoff condition. For the wing and its attachment to the hull...

46 CFR 176.655 - Hull examination reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Hull examination reports. 176.655 Section 176.655 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 176.655 Hull examination reports. (a) If you use only divers for the underwater...

Hydrodynamic Characteristics of a Low-drag, Planing-tail Flying-boat Hull

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Suydam, Henry B

1948-01-01

The hydrodynamic characteristics of a flying-boat incorporating a low-drag, planing-tail hull were determined from model tests made in Langley tank number 2 and compared with tests of the same flying boat incorporating a conventional-type hull. The planing-tail model, with which stable take-offs were possible for a large range of elevator positions at all center-of-gravity locations tested, had more take-off stability than the conventional model. No upper-limit porpoising was encountered by the planing-tail model. The maximum changes in rise during landings were lower for the planing-tail model than for the conventional model at most contact trims, an indication of improved landing stability for the planing-tail model. The hydrodynamic resistance of the planing-tail hull was lower than the conventional hull at all speeds, and the load-resistance ratio was higher for the planing-tail hull, being especially high at the hump. The static trim of the planing-tail hull was much higher than the conventional hull, but the variation of trim with speed during take-off was smaller.

Effect of five year storage on total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of almond (Amygdalus communisL.) hull and shell from different genotypes.

PubMed

Moosavi Dolatabadi, Khadijeh Sadat; Dehghan, Gholamreza; Hosseini, Siavash; Jahanban Esfahlan, Ali

2015-01-01

Almond (Prunus amygdalus) hull and shell are agricultural by-products that are a source of phenolic compounds.The processing of almond produce shell and hull, accounts for more than 50% by dry weight of the almond fruits. Recently, more studies have focused on the influence of storage conditions and postharvest handling on the nutritional quality of fruits, especially the antioxidant phenolics. In this study, influence of long-term storage (five years) on the total phenolic and antioxidant capacity of almond hull and shell from different genotypes was evaluated. The fruits of subjected genotypes were collected and their hull and shell were separated. They were dried and reduced to fine powder. This powder stored at room temperature for five years. The total phenolic content (TPC) and bioactivities (antioxidant potential: DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging and reducing power) of extracts were evaluated using spectrophotometric methods. It was found that TPC content and bioactivity levels in the stored almond hull and shell were different, compared to the hulls and shells which were evaluated in 2007. S1-4 genotype had the highest TPC and reducing power in its hull and shell.Low correlation coefficient was observed between phenolic content and the DPPH radical scavenging percentage in hull and shell extract. For the first time, results of this investigation showed that storage can influence the antioxidant and antiradical potential of almond hull and shell.

The role of Bh4 in parallel evolution of hull colour in domesticated and weedy rice.

PubMed

Vigueira, C C; Li, W; Olsen, K M

2013-08-01

The two independent domestication events in the genus Oryza that led to African and Asian rice offer an extremely useful system for studying the genetic basis of parallel evolution. This system is also characterized by parallel de-domestication events, with two genetically distinct weedy rice biotypes in the US derived from the Asian domesticate. One important trait that has been altered by rice domestication and de-domestication is hull colour. The wild progenitors of the two cultivated rice species have predominantly black-coloured hulls, as does one of the two U.S. weed biotypes; both cultivated species and one of the US weedy biotypes are characterized by straw-coloured hulls. Using Black hull 4 (Bh4) as a hull colour candidate gene, we examined DNA sequence variation at this locus to study the parallel evolution of hull colour variation in the domesticated and weedy rice system. We find that independent Bh4-coding mutations have arisen in African and Asian rice that are correlated with the straw hull phenotype, suggesting that the same gene is responsible for parallel trait evolution. For the U.S. weeds, Bh4 haplotype sequences support current hypotheses on the phylogenetic relationship between the two biotypes and domesticated Asian rice; straw hull weeds are most similar to indica crops, and black hull weeds are most similar to aus crops. Tests for selection indicate that Asian crops and straw hull weeds deviate from neutrality at this gene, suggesting possible selection on Bh4 during both rice domestication and de-domestication. © 2013 The Authors. Journal of Evolutionary Biology © 2013 European Society For Evolutionary Biology.

Electronic Devices with Barium Barrier Film and Process for Making Same

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-08-20

structure of the barrier film on an atomic level 15 where the barrier .film is comprised of a plurality of contiguous monolayers, while FIG. 7B...yet another embodiment where the barrier film is comprised of a plurality of 20 contiguous monolayers in which different monolayers thereof are...barrier precursor compound effusion cell, for example a barium fluoride, strontium fluoride or the like effusion cell, is provided at 32, and has a

Tank tests to determine the effect of varying design parameters of planing-tail hulls II : effect of varying depth of step, angle of after- body keel, length of afterbody chine, and gross load

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dawson, John R; Mckann, Robert; Hay, Elizabeth S

1946-01-01

The second part of a series of tests made in Langley tank no. 2 to determine the effect of varying design parameters of planing-tail hulls is presented. Results are given to show the effects on resistance characteristics of varying angle of afterbody keel, depth of step, and length of afterbody chine. The effect of varying the gross load is shown for one configuration. The resistance characteristics of planing-tail hulls are compared with those of a conventional flying-boat hull. The forces on the forebody and afterbody of one configuration are compared with the forces on a conventional hull. Increasing the angle of afterbody keel had small effect on hump resistance and no effect on high-speed resistance but increased free-to-trim resistance at intermediate speeds. Increasing the depth of step increased hump resistance, had little effect on high-speed resistance, and increased free-to-trim resistance at intermediate speeds. Omitting the chines on the forward 25 percent of the afterbody had no appreciable effect on resistance. Omitting 70 percent of the chine length had almost no effect on maximum resistance but broadened the hump and increased spray around the afterbody. Load-resistance ratio at the hump decreased more rapidly with increasing load coefficient for the planing-tail hull than for the representative conventional hull, although the load-resistance ratio at the hump was greater for the planing-tail hull than for the conventional hull throughout the range of loads tested. At speeds higher than hump speed, load-resistance ratio for the planing-tail hull was a maximum at a particular gross load and was slightly less at heavier and lighter gross loads. The planing-tail hull was found to have lower resistance than the conventional hull at both the hump and at high speeds, but at intermediate speeds there was little difference. The lower hump resistance of the planing-tail hull was attributed to the ability of the afterbody to carry a greater percentage of the total load while maintaining a higher value of load-resistance ratio.

Gas-tungsten arc welding of aluminum alloys

DOEpatents

Frye, Lowell D.

1984-01-01

A gas-tungsten arc welding method for joining together structures formed of aluminum alloy with these structures disposed contiguously to a heat-damagable substrate of a metal dissimilar to the aluminum alloy. The method of the present invention is practiced by diamond machining the fay surfaces of the aluminum alloy structures to provide a mirror finish thereon having a surface roughness in the order of about one microinch. The fay surfaces are aligned and heated sufficiently by the tungsten electrode to fuse the aluminum alloy contiguous to the fay surfaces to effect the weld joint. The heat input used to provide an oxide-free weld is significantly less than that required if the fay surfaces were prepared by using conventional chemical and mechanical practices.

14 CFR 23.527 - Hull and main float load factors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Hull and main float load factors. 23.527... Water Loads § 23.527 Hull and main float load factors. (a) Water reaction load factors nw must be...=seaplane landing weight in pounds. (6) K1=empirical hull station weighing factor, in accordance with figure...

46 CFR 42.09-30 - Additional survey requirements for steel-hull vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Additional survey requirements for steel-hull vessels...-30 Additional survey requirements for steel-hull vessels. (a) In addition to the requirements in § 42...) When the vessel is in drydock, the hull plating, etc., shall be examined. (c) The holds, 'tween decks...

Isoprene Production on Enzymatic Hydrolysate of Peanut Hull Using Different Pretreatment Methods.

PubMed

Wang, Sumeng; Li, Ruichao; Yi, Xiaohua; Fang, Tigao; Yang, Jianming; Bae, Hyeun-Jong

2016-01-01

The present study is about the use of peanut hull for isoprene production. In this study, two pretreatment methods, hydrogen peroxide-acetic acid (HPAC) and popping, were employed prior to enzymatic hydrolysis, which could destroy the lignocellulosic structure and accordingly improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis. It is proven that the isoprene production on enzymatic hydrolysate with HPAC pretreatment is about 1.9-fold higher than that of popping pretreatment. Moreover, through High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis, the amount and category of inhibitors such as formic acid, acetic acid, and HMF were assayed and were varied in different enzymatic hydrolysates, which may be the reason leading to a decrease in isoprene production during fermentation. To further increase the isoprene yield, the enzymatic hydrolysate of HPAC was detoxified by activated carbon. As a result, using the detoxified enzymatic hydrolysate as the carbon source, the engineered strain YJM21 could accumulate 297.5 mg/L isoprene, which accounted for about 90% of isoprene production by YJM21 fermented on pure glucose (338.6 mg/L). This work is thought to be the first attempt on isoprene production by E. coli using peanut hull as the feedstock. More importantly, it also shows the prospect of peanut hull to be considered as an alternative feedstock for bio-based chemicals or biofuels production due to its easy access and high polysaccharide content.

Isoprene Production on Enzymatic Hydrolysate of Peanut Hull Using Different Pretreatment Methods

PubMed Central

Wang, Sumeng; Li, Ruichao; Yi, Xiaohua; Fang, Tigao

2016-01-01

The present study is about the use of peanut hull for isoprene production. In this study, two pretreatment methods, hydrogen peroxide-acetic acid (HPAC) and popping, were employed prior to enzymatic hydrolysis, which could destroy the lignocellulosic structure and accordingly improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis. It is proven that the isoprene production on enzymatic hydrolysate with HPAC pretreatment is about 1.9-fold higher than that of popping pretreatment. Moreover, through High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis, the amount and category of inhibitors such as formic acid, acetic acid, and HMF were assayed and were varied in different enzymatic hydrolysates, which may be the reason leading to a decrease in isoprene production during fermentation. To further increase the isoprene yield, the enzymatic hydrolysate of HPAC was detoxified by activated carbon. As a result, using the detoxified enzymatic hydrolysate as the carbon source, the engineered strain YJM21 could accumulate 297.5 mg/L isoprene, which accounted for about 90% of isoprene production by YJM21 fermented on pure glucose (338.6 mg/L). This work is thought to be the first attempt on isoprene production by E. coli using peanut hull as the feedstock. More importantly, it also shows the prospect of peanut hull to be considered as an alternative feedstock for bio-based chemicals or biofuels production due to its easy access and high polysaccharide content. PMID:27847814

Dependence of prevalence of contiguous pathways in proteins on structural complexity.

PubMed

Thayer, Kelly M; Galganov, Jesse C; Stein, Avram J

2017-01-01

Allostery is a regulatory mechanism in proteins where an effector molecule binds distal from an active site to modulate its activity. Allosteric signaling may occur via a continuous path of residues linking the active and allosteric sites, which has been suggested by large conformational changes evident in crystal structures. An alternate possibility is that the signal occurs in the realm of ensemble dynamics via an energy landscape change. While the latter was first proposed on theoretical grounds, increasing evidence suggests that such a control mechanism is plausible. A major difficulty for testing the two methods is the ability to definitively determine that a residue is directly involved in allosteric signal transduction. Statistical Coupling Analysis (SCA) is a method that has been successful at predicting pathways, and experimental tests involving mutagenesis or domain substitution provide the best available evidence of signaling pathways. However, ascertaining energetic pathways which need not be contiguous is far more difficult. To date, simple estimates of the statistical significance of a pathway in a protein remain to be established. The focus of this work is to estimate such benchmarks for the statistical significance of contiguous pathways for the null model of selecting residues at random. We found that when 20% of residues in proteins are randomly selected, contiguous pathways at the 6 Å cutoff level were found with success rates of 51% in PDZ, 30% in p53, and 3% in MutS. The results suggest that the significance of pathways may have system specific factors involved. Furthermore, the possible existence of false positives for contiguous pathways implies that signaling could be occurring via alternate routes including those consistent with the energetic landscape model.

Feasibility of Using Rice Hulls as Bedding for Laboratory Mice.

PubMed

Carbone, Elizabeth T; Kass, Philip H; Evans, Kristin D

2016-01-01

Factors that are considered when selecting laboratory mouse bedding include animal health and comfort, cost, effects on personnel, and bioactive properties. Corncob is economical and facilitates low intracage ammonia but has undesirable influences on some endocrine studies. Rice hulls are an economical material that has not been well characterized as a bedding substrate. In this pilot study, we compared various aspects of bedding performance of rice hulls and other materials. On a per-volume basis, rice hulls were less absorbent than was corncob bedding. Rice hulls had higher odds than did corncob or reclaimed wood pulp of having moisture present at the bedding surface. The results of the absorbency tests coupled with the results of preliminary monitoring of intracage ammonia raised concern about the ability of rice hulls to control ammonia levels sufficiently in cages with high occupancy. However, ammonia was negligible when cages contained 5 young adult female mice. The relative expression of 3 cytochrome p450 genes was compared among mice housed on rice hulls, corncob, reclaimed wood pulp, or pine shavings. The expression of Cyp1a2 was 1.7 times higher in the livers of mice housed on rice hulls than on pine shavings, but other differences were not statistically significant. This study provides information on the merits of rice hulls as laboratory mouse bedding. Their relatively poor moisture control is a major disadvantage that might preclude their widespread use.

Feasibility of Using Rice Hulls as Bedding for Laboratory Mice

PubMed Central

Carbone, Elizabeth T; Kass, Philip H; Evans, Kristin D

2016-01-01

Factors that are considered when selecting laboratory mouse bedding include animal health and comfort, cost, effects on personnel, and bioactive properties. Corncob is economical and facilitates low intracage ammonia but has undesirable influences on some endocrine studies. Rice hulls are an economical material that has not been well characterized as a bedding substrate. In this pilot study, we compared various aspects of bedding performance of rice hulls and other materials. On a per-volume basis, rice hulls were less absorbent than was corncob bedding. Rice hulls had higher odds than did corncob or reclaimed wood pulp of having moisture present at the bedding surface. The results of the absorbency tests coupled with the results of preliminary monitoring of intracage ammonia raised concern about the ability of rice hulls to control ammonia levels sufficiently in cages with high occupancy. However, ammonia was negligible when cages contained 5 young adult female mice. The relative expression of 3 cytochrome p450 genes was compared among mice housed on rice hulls, corncob, reclaimed wood pulp, or pine shavings. The expression of Cyp1a2 was 1.7 times higher in the livers of mice housed on rice hulls than on pine shavings, but other differences were not statistically significant. This study provides information on the merits of rice hulls as laboratory mouse bedding. Their relatively poor moisture control is a major disadvantage that might preclude their widespread use. PMID:27177559

46 CFR 177.340 - Alternate design considerations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Alternate design considerations. 177.340 Section 177.340 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 177.340 Alternate design considerations. When the structure of vessel is of novel design,...

46 CFR 177.340 - Alternate design considerations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Alternate design considerations. 177.340 Section 177.340 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 177.340 Alternate design considerations. When the structure of vessel is of novel design,...

46 CFR 177.340 - Alternate design considerations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Alternate design considerations. 177.340 Section 177.340 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 177.340 Alternate design considerations. When the structure of vessel is of novel design,...

46 CFR 32.75-10 - Cargo tanks-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Wood Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10, 1936 § 32.75-10 Cargo tanks—TB/ALL. Cargo tanks shall be independent of the wood hull, shall be made of steel or iron, and shall pass the tests required in § 32.65-40 (a), (b). Where cargo tanks in wood hulls are not...

46 CFR 32.75-10 - Cargo tanks-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Wood Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10, 1936 § 32.75-10 Cargo tanks—TB/ALL. Cargo tanks shall be independent of the wood hull, shall be made of steel or iron, and shall pass the tests required in § 32.65-40 (a), (b). Where cargo tanks in wood hulls are not...

Of Curriculum Conceptions, Orientations, and Cultures: A Rejoinder to John E. Hull

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Van Brummelen, Harro

2009-01-01

In this article, the author presents a rejoinder to John E. Hull. Van Brummelen first states his appreciation of John Hull's thoughtful evaluation of his views of curriculum, views in which many Christian educators have played a part. It has been several decades since the author spelled out what Hull calls an "education for discipleship"…

46 CFR 172.085 - Hull type.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull type. 172.085 Section 172.085 Shipping COAST GUARD... of This Chapter § 172.085 Hull type. If a cargo listed in Table 151.05 of part 151 of this chapter is to be carried, the tank barge must be at least the hull type specified in Table 151.05 of this...

33 CFR 157.10d - Double hulls on tank vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Double hulls on tank vessels. 157... OIL IN BULK Design, Equipment, and Installation § 157.10d Double hulls on tank vessels. (a) With the... completed after December 31, 1993; or (4) That is otherwise required to have a double hull by 46 U.S.C...

78 FR 50335 - Double Hull Tanker Escorts on the Waters of Prince William Sound, Alaska

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-19

...-AB96 Double Hull Tanker Escorts on the Waters of Prince William Sound, Alaska AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS... mandates two tug escorts for double hull tankers over 5,000 gross tons transporting oil in bulk in PWS. The... tug escort requirements apply to certain double hull tankers. DATES: This interim rule is effective...

46 CFR 31.10-20 - Definitions relating to hull examinations-T/B ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions relating to hull examinations-T/B ALL. 31.10... CERTIFICATION Inspections § 31.10-20 Definitions relating to hull examinations—T/B ALL. As used in this part— (a... examination of all accessible parts of the vessel's underwater body and all through-hull fittings. (b...

33 CFR Appendix G to Part 157 - Timetables for Application of Double Hull Requirements

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Double Hull Requirements G Appendix G to Part 157 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT... Application of Double Hull Requirements 1. Source. These timetables conform to 46 U.S.C. 3703a(c). 2... double hull or with a double containment system determined by the Coast Guard to be as effective as a...

7 CFR 319.8-9 - Hull fiber and gin trash.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Hull fiber and gin trash. 319.8-9 Section 319.8-9 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION... Importation and Entry of Cotton and Covers § 319.8-9 Hull fiber and gin trash. (a) Entry of hull fiber will be...

Flaxseed hull: Chemical composition and antioxidant activity during development.

PubMed

Herchi, Wahid; Al Hujaili, Abdullah D; Sakouhi, Faouzi; Sebei, Khaled; Trabelsi, Hajer; Kallel, Habib; Boukhchina, Sadok

2014-01-01

Changes in the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of flaxseed hull during maturation were investigated. P129 hull variety was studied at four maturation stages (St1, St2, St3, and St4). Significant variation in proximate composition and flaxseed hull oil characteristics were observed. A significant increase in the carbohydrates content of the hull was observed during development. The main methyl esters were linolenic acid (48.95 - 51.52 %), oleic acid (20.27-23.41%) and linoleic acid (15.62-17.70%). The highest polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were found to be 67.14 % at the first stage of maturity (St1). Flaxseed hull oil was of good quality, containing an abundance of omega-3 essential fatty acids. The iodine value increased, while the saponification value of oil decreased during seed development. The decrease in ascorbic acid content was steady. The maximum level of total phenolic acid content (128.3 mg/100 g oil) was reached at 7 DAF. The antioxidant activity of oilseed was assessed by means of 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay. Radical scavenging activity for green hull was 52.74% and mature hull was 69.32%.

Theoretical study of hull-rotor aerodynamic interference on semibuoyant vehicles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Spangler, S. B.; Smith, C. A.

1978-01-01

Analytical methods are developed to predict the pressure distribution and overall loads on the hulls of airships which have close coupled, relatively large and/or high disk loading propulsors for attitude control, station keeping, and partial support of total weight as well as provision of thrust in cruise. The methods comprise a surface-singularity, potential-flow model for the hull and lifting surfaces (such as tails) and a rotor model which calculates the velocity induced by the rotor and its wake at points adjacent to the wake. Use of these two models provides an inviscid pressure distribution on the hull with rotor interference. A boundary layer separation prediction method is used to locate separation on the hull, and a wake pressure is imposed on the separated region for purposes of calculating hull loads. Results of calculations are shown to illustrate various cases of rotor-hull interference and comparisons with small scale data are made to evaluate the method.

Aflatoxin variability in pistachios.

PubMed Central

Mahoney, N E; Rodriguez, S B

1996-01-01

Pistachio fruit components, including hulls (mesocarps and epicarps), seed coats (testas), and kernels (seeds), all contribute to variable aflatoxin content in pistachios. Fresh pistachio kernels were individually inoculated with Aspergillus flavus and incubated 7 or 10 days. Hulled, shelled kernels were either left intact or wounded prior to inoculation. Wounded kernels, with or without the seed coat, were readily colonized by A. flavus and after 10 days of incubation contained 37 times more aflatoxin than similarly treated unwounded kernels. The aflatoxin levels in the individual wounded pistachios were highly variable. Neither fungal colonization nor aflatoxin was detected in intact kernels without seed coats. Intact kernels with seed coats had limited fungal colonization and low aflatoxin concentrations compared with their wounded counterparts. Despite substantial fungal colonization of wounded hulls, aflatoxin was not detected in hulls. Aflatoxin levels were significantly lower in wounded kernels with hulls than in kernels of hulled pistachios. Both the seed coat and a water-soluble extract of hulls suppressed aflatoxin production by A. flavus. PMID:8919781

Electronic Devices with Cesium Barrier Film and Process for Making Same

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-08-20

interfacial structure of the barrier film on an atomic level where the barrier film is comprised of a plurality of contiguous monolayers, while FIG. 7B shows...another 20 embodiment where the barrier film is comprised of a plurality of contiguous monolayers in which different monolayers thereof are formed...compound effusion cell, for example a barium fluoride, strontium fluoride or the like effusion cell, is provided at 32, and has a shutter 33. A

Castable plastic mold with electroplatable base

DOEpatents

Domeier, Linda A.; Morales, Alfredo M.; Gonzales, Marcela G.; Keifer, Patrick M.

2004-01-20

A sacrificial plastic mold having an electroplatable backing is provided as are methods of making such a mold via the infusion of a castable liquid formulation through a porous metal substrate (sheet, screen, mesh or foam) and into the features of a micro-scale master mold. Upon casting and demolding, the porous metal substrate is embedded within the cast formulation and projects a plastic structure with features determined by the mold tool. The plastic structure provides a sacrificial plastic mold mechanically bonded to the porous metal substrate, which provides a conducting support suitable for electroplating either contiguous or non-contiguous metal replicates. After electroplating and lapping, the sacrificial plastic can be dissolved, leaving the desired metal structure bonded to the porous metal substrate. Optionally, the electroplated structures may be debonded from the porous substrate by selective dissolution of the porous substrate or a coating thereon.

46 CFR 154.503 - Piping and piping system components: Protection from movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...: Protection from movement. Where thermal movement and movements of the cargo tank and the hull structure may... must be protected from movement by: (a) Offsets; (b) Loops; (c) Bends; (d) Mechanical expansion joints...

46 CFR 154.503 - Piping and piping system components: Protection from movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...: Protection from movement. Where thermal movement and movements of the cargo tank and the hull structure may... must be protected from movement by: (a) Offsets; (b) Loops; (c) Bends; (d) Mechanical expansion joints...

46 CFR 154.503 - Piping and piping system components: Protection from movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...: Protection from movement. Where thermal movement and movements of the cargo tank and the hull structure may... must be protected from movement by: (a) Offsets; (b) Loops; (c) Bends; (d) Mechanical expansion joints...

46 CFR 154.503 - Piping and piping system components: Protection from movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...: Protection from movement. Where thermal movement and movements of the cargo tank and the hull structure may... must be protected from movement by: (a) Offsets; (b) Loops; (c) Bends; (d) Mechanical expansion joints...

46 CFR 154.503 - Piping and piping system components: Protection from movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...: Protection from movement. Where thermal movement and movements of the cargo tank and the hull structure may... must be protected from movement by: (a) Offsets; (b) Loops; (c) Bends; (d) Mechanical expansion joints...

30 CFR 250.917 - What are the CVA's primary duties during the fabrication phase?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... overall structure, including any turrets, turret-and-hull interfaces, any mooring line and chain and riser... must also consider: (i) Drilling, production, and pipeline risers, and riser tensioning systems (at...

Worst case estimation of homology design by convex analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yoshikawa, N.; Elishakoff, Isaac; Nakagiri, S.

1998-01-01

The methodology of homology design is investigated for optimum design of advanced structures. for which the achievement of delicate tasks by the aid of active control system is demanded. The proposed formulation of homology design, based on the finite element sensitivity analysis, necessarily requires the specification of external loadings. The formulation to evaluate the worst case for homology design caused by uncertain fluctuation of loadings is presented by means of the convex model of uncertainty, in which uncertainty variables are assigned to discretized nodal forces and are confined within a conceivable convex hull given as a hyperellipse. The worst case of the distortion from objective homologous deformation is estimated by the Lagrange multiplier method searching the point to maximize the error index on the boundary of the convex hull. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated in a numerical example using the eleven-bar truss structure.

Hydrodynamic Hull Damping (Phase 1)

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-06-01

Administration Mr. Alexander Malakhoff Mr. Thomas W. Allen Director, Structural Integrity Engineering Officer (N7) Subgroup ( SEA 55Y) MR" Sealift Command...Shipping U. S. Coast Guard CONTRACTING OFFICER TECHNICAL REPRESENTATIVES Mr. William J. Siekierka Mr. Greg D. Woods SEA 55Y3 SEA 55Y3 Naval Sea Systems...Command Naval Sea Systems Command SHIP STRUCTURE SUBCOMMITTEE The SHIP STRUCTURE SUBCOMMITTEE acts for the Ship Structure Committee on technical matters

7 CFR 319.55a - Administrative instructions relating to entry of rice straw and rice hulls into Guam.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Administrative instructions relating to entry of rice straw and rice hulls into Guam. 319.55a Section 319.55a Agriculture Regulations of the Department of... rice hulls into Guam. Rice straw and rice hulls may be imported into Guam without further permit, other...

46 CFR 175.400 - Definitions of terms used in this subchapter.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... hull from corrosion. It includes, as a minimum, either hull coatings and a cathodic protection (CP) system consisting of sacrificial anodes, or an impressed current CP system. Alternative Hull Examination...

46 CFR 71.50-1 - Definitions relating to hull examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... includes, as a minimum, either hull coatings and a cathodic protection (CP) system consisting of sacrificial anodes, or an impressed current CP system. Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program means a...

46 CFR 175.400 - Definitions of terms used in this subchapter.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... hull from corrosion. It includes, as a minimum, either hull coatings and a cathodic protection (CP) system consisting of sacrificial anodes, or an impressed current CP system. Alternative Hull Examination...

46 CFR 175.400 - Definitions of terms used in this subchapter.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... hull from corrosion. It includes, as a minimum, either hull coatings and a cathodic protection (CP) system consisting of sacrificial anodes, or an impressed current CP system. Alternative Hull Examination...

46 CFR 175.400 - Definitions of terms used in this subchapter.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... hull from corrosion. It includes, as a minimum, either hull coatings and a cathodic protection (CP) system consisting of sacrificial anodes, or an impressed current CP system. Alternative Hull Examination...

46 CFR 71.50-1 - Definitions relating to hull examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... includes, as a minimum, either hull coatings and a cathodic protection (CP) system consisting of sacrificial anodes, or an impressed current CP system. Alternative Hull Examination (AHE) Program means a...

The Inertia Coefficients of an Airship in a Frictionless Fluid

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bateman, H.

1979-01-01

The apparent inertia of an airship hull is examined. The exact solution of the aerodynamical problem is studied for hulls of various shapes with special attention given to the case of an ellipsoidal hull. So that the results for the ellipsoidal hull may be readily adapted to other cases, they are expressed in terms of the area and perimeter of the largest cross section perpendicular to the direction of motion by means of a formula involving a coefficient kappa which varies only slowly when the shape of the hull is changed, being 0.637 for a circular or elliptic disk, 0.5 for a sphere, and about 0.25 for a spheroid of fineness ratio. The case of rotation of an airship hull is investigated and a coefficient is defined with the same advantages as the corresponding coefficient for rectilinear motion.

Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Refined Deep-Step Planing-Tail Flying-Boat Hull with Various Forebody and Afterbody Shapes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Riebe, John M; Naeseth, Rodger L

1953-01-01

An investigation was made in the Langley 300 mph 7-by 10-foot tunnel to determine the aerodynamic characteristics of a refined deep-step planing-tail hull with various forebody and afterbody shapes. For comparison, tests were made on a streamline body simulating the fuselage of a modern transport airplane. The results of the tests, which include the interference effects of a 21-percent-thick support wing, indicated that for corresponding configurations the hull models incorporating a forebody with a length-beam ratio of 7 had lower minimum drag coefficients than the hull models incorporating a forebody with a length-beam ratio of 5. Longitudinal and lateral stability was generally about the same for all hull models tested and about the same as that of a conventional hull.

Iron-59 absorption from soy hulls: intrinsic vs extrinsic labeling

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lykken, G.I.; Mahalko, J.R.; Nielsen, E.J.

As part of an evaluation of the validity of the extrinsic labeling technique for measuring iron absorption, absorption from soy hulls extrinsically labeled (/sup 59/Fe added to bread dough) was compared with that from soy hulls intrinsically labeled (/sup 59/Fe incorporated into the soy plant during growth). Century soybeans were grown in a greenhouse. After pods had formed and were filling, each plant was stem injected twice, at 3 day intervals, with 22 ..mu..Ci /sup 59/Fe as FeCl/sub 2/ in 25 ..mu..l of 0.5 M HCl solution. After the plants had senesced, the soybeans were harvested, dried, shelled and themore » hulls removed. Standard meals containing 3.5 mg Fe/meal and up to 0.06 ..mu..Ci /sup 59/Fe in a soy hull bun were fed on 2 consecutive days to free-living volunteers in a crossover design. Absorption of /sup 59/Fe was greater from intrinsically labeled soy hulls than from extrinsically labeled soy hulls, 20 +/- 20% vs 15 +/- 11% (n=14, p > 0.05 by paired t-test). Apparent absorption ranged from 1.3% to 77% from intrinsically labeled soy hulls and .5% to 29% from extrinsically labeled soy hulls with the highest absorption occurring in persons with low serum ferritin (S.F. < 8 ng/ml). These findings provide additional evidence that the extrinsic labeling method is a valid measure of iron bioavailability to humans.« less

Large-area thermographic inspection of GRP composite marine vessel hulls

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jones, Thomas S.; Berger, Harold; Weaver, Elizabeth

1993-04-01

Every year there is an increase in the number of Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP) composite vessels the Coast Guard inspects. A fast, nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technique is needed to facilitate these inspections. The technique must be suitable for use in field environments. Through a Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) contract with the Coast Guard R&D Center, Industrial Quality, Inc. has performed a feasibility study evaluating the use of infrared thermography for such applications. The study demonstrated the ability of infrared thermography to detect hidden flaws through a variety of laminates and sandwich panel core materials. Empirical results matched well with analytical results of the sensitivity of the technique to various sizes of discontinuities at different depths. Following the successful SBIR program results, the Coast Guard R&D Center asked IQI to do a survey of the Steam Yacht Medea. The Medea had been repaired by a unique system of laying foam core and fiberglass over the ship's original steel-clad hull. The hybrid steel/foam core/GRP hull provided an additional structural configuration for the infrared thermography inspection equipment to handle.

Computational investigation of half-Heusler compounds for spintronics applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ma, Jianhua; Hegde, Vinay I.; Munira, Kamaram; Xie, Yunkun; Keshavarz, Sahar; Mildebrath, David T.; Wolverton, C.; Ghosh, Avik W.; Butler, W. H.

2017-01-01

We present first-principles density functional calculations of the electronic structure, magnetism, and structural stability of 378 XYZ half-Heusler compounds (with X = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh; Y = Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni; Z = Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sn, P, As, Sb). We find that a "Slater-Pauling gap" in the density of states (i.e., a gap or pseudogap after nine states in the three atom primitive cell) in at least one spin channel is a common feature in half-Heusler compounds. We find that the presence of such a gap at the Fermi energy in one or both spin channels contributes significantly to the stability of a half-Heusler compound. We calculate the formation energy of each compound and systematically investigate its stability against all other phases in the open quantum materials database (OQMD). We represent the thermodynamic phase stability of each compound as its distance from the convex hull of stable phases in the respective chemical space and show that the hull distance of a compound is a good measure of the likelihood of its experimental synthesis. We find low formation energies and mostly correspondingly low hull distances for compounds with X = Co, Rh, or Ni, Y = Ti or V, and Z = P, As, Sb, or Si. We identify 26 18-electron semiconductors, 45 half-metals, and 34 near half-metals with negative formation energy that follow the Slater-Pauling rule of three electrons per atom. Our calculations predict several new, as-yet unknown, thermodynamically stable phases, which merit further experimental exploration—RuVAs, CoVGe, FeVAs in the half-Heusler structure, and NiScAs, RuVP, RhTiP in the orthorhombic MgSrSi-type structure. Further, two interesting zero-moment half-metals, CrMnAs and MnCrAs, are calculated to have negative formation energy. In addition, our calculations predict a number of hitherto unreported semiconducting (e.g., CoVSn and RhVGe), half-metallic (e.g., RhVSb), and near half-metallic (e.g., CoFeSb and CoVP) half-Heusler compounds to lie close to the respective convex hull of stable phases, and thus may be experimentally realized under suitable synthesis conditions, resulting in potential candidates for various semiconducting and spintronics applications.

Process for Making a Semiconductor Device with Barrier Film Formation Using a Metal Halide and Products Thereof

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-08-20

structure of the barrier film on an atomic level where the barrier film is comprised of a plurality of contiguous monolayers, while FIG. 7B shows...another embodiment where the barrier film is comprised of a plurality of i contiguous monolayers in which different monolayers thereof are formed... effusion cell, for example a barium fluoride, strontium fluoride or the like effusion cell, is provided at 32, and has a shutter 33. A 15 shutter 35

Aerodynamic Characteristics of Three Deep-Step Planing-Tail Flying-Boat Hulls and a Transverse-Step Hull With Extended Afterbody

DTIC Science & Technology

1952-08-01

28 NACA TN 2762 ( a ) Langley tank model 221E. a = 2°. (b) Langley tank model 221G . a = 2°. ( c ) Langley tank model 221F. a = k<: Figure 13...coefficient based on maximum cross-sectional area A A of hull (Drag/qA) CDy drag coefficien"t based on surface area W of hull (Drag/qW) C lateral-force... 221G , and 221F were drawn by the Langley Hydrodynamics Division by increasing the step of hull 221B of reference 1 from a depth which was 23

76 FR 50443 - Proposed Flood Elevation Determinations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-15

... the of Hull, Town of intersection of Brant Marion, Town of Beach Avenue and Ocean Mattapoisett, Town..., MA 02043. Town of Hull Maps are available for inspection at the Town Hall, 253 Atlantic Avenue, Hull...

46 CFR 32.75-1 - Application-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Wood Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10, 1936 § 32.75-1 Application—TB/ALL. All wood hull tank vessels, the construction or conversion of which was started prior to...

46 CFR 32.75-1 - Application-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Wood Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10, 1936 § 32.75-1 Application—TB/ALL. All wood hull tank vessels, the construction or conversion of which was started prior to...

46 CFR 32.75-1 - Application-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... REQUIREMENTS Hull Requirements for Wood Hull Tank Vessels Constructed Prior to November 10, 1936 § 32.75-1 Application—TB/ALL. All wood hull tank vessels, the construction or conversion of which was started prior to...

Advanced Multifunctional Materials for High Speed Combatant Hulls

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-11-25

Combatant Hulls 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER N00014-14-1-0269 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) Mark S. Mirotznik 5d. PROJECT...High Speed Combatant Hulls ’ PI Information: Mark S. Mirotznik, Associate Professor Tel: (302) 831 -4241 Department of Electrical and Computer... HULLS FINAL TECHNICAL REPORT 1.0 Abstract In this ONR funded project investigators at the University of Delaware’s Department of Electrical

Hydrodynamic Tests in the N.A.C.A. Tank of a Model of the Hull of the Short Calcutta Flying Boat

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ward, Kenneth E

1937-01-01

The hydrodynamic characteristics of a model of the hull of the Short Calcutta (N.A.C.A. Model 47) are presented in non-dimensional form. This model represents one of a series of hulls of successful foreign and domestic flying boats the characteristics of which are being obtained under similar test conditions in the N.A.C.A. tank. The take-off distance and time for a flying boat having the hull of the Calcutta are compared at two values of the gross load with the corresponding distances and times for the same flying boat having hulls of two representative American types, the Sikorsky S-40 and the N.A.C.A. 11-A. This comparison indicates that for hulls of the widely different forms compared, the differences in take-off time and distance are negligible.

RANS simulation of cavitation and hull pressure fluctuation for marine propeller operating behind-hull condition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paik, Kwang-Jun; Park, Hyung-Gil; Seo, Jongsoo

2013-12-01

Simulations of cavitation flow and hull pressure fluctuation for a marine propeller operating behind a hull using the unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS) are presented. A full hull body submerged under the free surface is modeled in the computational domain to simulate directly the wake field of the ship at the propeller plane. Simulations are performed in design and ballast draught conditions to study the effect of cavitation number. And two propellers with slightly different geometry are simulated to validate the detectability of the numerical simulation. All simulations are performed using a commercial CFD software FLUENT. Cavitation patterns of the simulations show good agreement with the experimental results carried out in Samsung CAvitation Tunnel (SCAT). The simulation results for the hull pressure fluctuation induced by a propeller are also compared with the experimental results showing good agreement in the tendency and amplitude, especially, for the first blade frequency.

Sacrificial plastic mold with electroplatable base

DOEpatents

Domeier, Linda A.; Hruby, Jill M.; Morales, Alfredo M.

2002-01-01

A sacrificial plastic mold having an electroplatable backing is provided. One embodiment consists of the infusion of a softened or molten thermoplastic through a porous metal substrate (sheet, screen, mesh or foam) and into the features of a micro-scale molding tool contacting the porous metal substrate. Upon demolding, the porous metal substrate will be embedded within the thermoplastic and will project a plastic structure with features determined by the mold tool. This plastic structure, in turn, provides a sacrificial plastic mold mechanically bonded to the porous metal substrate which provides a conducting support suitable for electroplating either contiguous or non-contiguous metal replicates. After electroplating and lapping, the sacrificial plastic can be dissolved to leave the desired metal structure bonded to the porous metal substrate. Optionally, the electroplated structures may be debonded from the porous substrate by selective dissolution of the porous substrate or a coating thereon.

Sacrificial Plastic Mold With Electroplatable Base

DOEpatents

Domeier, Linda A.; Hruby, Jill M.; Morales, Alfredo M.

2005-08-16

A sacrificial plastic mold having an electroplatable backing is provided. One embodiment consists of the infusion of a softened or molten thermoplastic through a porous metal substrate (sheet, screen, mesh or foam) and into the features of a micro-scale molding tool contacting the porous metal substrate. Upon demolding, the porous metal substrate will be embedded within the thermoplastic and will project a plastic structure with features determined by the mold tool. This plastic structure, in turn, provides a sacrificial plastic mold mechanically bonded to the porous metal substrate which provides a conducting support suitable for electroplating either contiguous or non-contiguous metal replicates. After electroplating and lapping, the sacrificial plastic can be dissolved to leave the desired metal structure bonded to the porous metal substrate. Optionally, the electroplated structures may be debonded from the porous substrate by selective dissolution of the porous substrate or a coating thereon.

3D Viscous Free-Surface Flow around a Combatant Ship Hull

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pacuraru, Florin; Lungu, Adrian; Maria, Viorel

2009-09-01

The prediction of the total drag experienced by an advancing ship is a complicated problem which requires a thorough understanding of the hydrodynamic forces acting on the hull, the physical processes from which these forces arise and their mutual interaction. A general numerical method to predict the hydrodynamic performance of a twin-propeller combatant ship hull is presented in the paper. For practical reasons, the technique couples a body forces method and a RANS-based finite volume solver to account for the interactions between the hull and the appendages mounted on it: propellers, rudders, shaft lines, bossings and brackets. The chimera approach has been found the most versatile way for grid generation of hull and appendages.

Topology Model of the Flow around a Submarine Hull Form

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-01

UNCLASSIFIED Topology Model of the Flow around a Submarine Hull Form S.-K. Lee Maritime Division Defence Science and Technology Group DST-Group–TR...3177 ABSTRACT A topology model constructed from surface-streamer visualisation describes the flow around a generic conventional submarine hull form at...pure yaw angles of 0 ◦, 10 ◦ and 18 ◦. The model is used to develop equations for sway-force and yaw-moment coefficients which relate to the hull - form

33 CFR 110.31 - Hull Bay and Allerton Harbor at Hull, Mass.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Hull, Mass. (a) Area No. 1 in Allerton Harbor. That area north of Hog Island beginning at latitude 42... south to latitude 42°18′07.5″, longitude 70°53′29.5″; thence due west to latitude 42°18′07.5″, longitude 70°53′46″; thence due north to the point of beginning. (b) Area No. 2 in Hull Bay. That area south of...

33 CFR 110.31 - Hull Bay and Allerton Harbor at Hull, Mass.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Hull, Mass. (a) Area No. 1 in Allerton Harbor. That area north of Hog Island beginning at latitude 42... south to latitude 42°18′07.5″, longitude 70°53′29.5″; thence due west to latitude 42°18′07.5″, longitude 70°53′46″; thence due north to the point of beginning. (b) Area No. 2 in Hull Bay. That area south of...

33 CFR 110.31 - Hull Bay and Allerton Harbor at Hull, Mass.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Hull, Mass. (a) Area No. 1 in Allerton Harbor. That area north of Hog Island beginning at latitude 42... south to latitude 42°18′07.5″, longitude 70°53′29.5″; thence due west to latitude 42°18′07.5″, longitude 70°53′46″; thence due north to the point of beginning. (b) Area No. 2 in Hull Bay. That area south of...

Solid-state fermentation of Mortierella isabellina for lipid production from soybean hull.

PubMed

Zhang, Jianguo; Hu, Bo

2012-02-01

Soybean hull, generated from soybean processing, is a lignocellulosic material with limited industrial applications and little market value. This research is exploring a new application of soybean hull to be converted to fungal lipids for biodiesel production through solid-state fermentation. Mortierella isabellina was selected as the oil producer because of its high lipid content at low C/N ratio. Several cultivation factors were investigated, including moisture content, inoculums size, fungal spore age, and nutrient supplements, in an attempt to enhance the lipid production of the solid-state fermentation process. The results showed that lipid production with the increase of the moisture content and the spore age, while decreased as the size of inoculums increased. Nutrients addition (KH₂PO₄ 1.2 mg and MgSO₄ 0.6 mg/g soybean hull) improved the lipid production. The total final lipid reached 47.9 mg lipid from 1 g soybean hull after the conversion, 3.3-fold higher than initial lipid reserve in the soybean hull. The fatty acid profile analysis indicated that fatty acid content consisted of 30.0% of total lipid, and 80.4% of total fatty acid was C16 and C18. Therefore, lipid production from soybean hull is a possible option to enable soybean hull as a new resource for biodiesel production and to enhance the overall oil production from soybeans.

Oryza sativa (Rice) Hull Extract Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response in RAW264.7 Macrophages by Suppressing Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase, c-Jun N-terminal Kinase, and Nuclear Factor-κB Activation.

PubMed

Ha, Sang Keun; Sung, Jeehye; Choi, Inwook; Kim, Yoonsook

2016-01-01

Rice ( Oryza sativa ) is a major cereal crop in many Asian countries and an important staple food source. Rice hulls have been reported to possess antioxidant activities. In this study, we evaluated the antiinflammatory effects of rice hull extract and associated signal transduction mechanisms in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. We found that rice hull extract inhibited nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E 2 by suppressing the expression of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, respectively. The release of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α was also reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, rice hull extract attenuated the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), as well as the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. This suggests that rice hull extract decreases the production of inflammatory mediators by downregulating ERK and JNK and the NF-κB signal pathway in RAW 264.7 cells. Rice hull extract inhibits the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in RAW264.7 macrophages.Rice hull extract inhibited nitric oxide and prostaglandin E 2 by suppressing the expression of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, respectively.Rice hull extract exerted anti-inflammatory effect through inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B, extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathways.Rice hull extract may provide a potential therapeutic approach for inflammatory diseases. Abbreviations used: COX-2: cyclooxygenase-2, ERK: extracellular signal-regulated kinase, IκB: inhibitory kappa B, IL-1β: interleukin-1β, iNOS: inducible NO synthase, JNK: c-Jun N-terminal kinase, LPS: lipopolysaccharide, MAPKs: mitogen-activated protein kinases, NF-κB: nuclear factor-κB, NO: nitric oxide, PGE2: prostaglandin E2, RHE: rice hull extract, ROS: reactive oxygen species, TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α.

Tuning Material and Component Properties to Reduce Weight and Increase Blastworthiness of a Notional V-Hull Structure

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-04-24

for designing blast-resistant structures [16]. The failure mechanisms in unidirectional fiber -reinforced composites of delamination, fiber -matrix...Batra, R.C., and Hassan, N.M., “Blast resistance of unidirectional fiber reinforced composites ,” Composites Part B: Engineering, 2008 18. Liu, X...feature a lighter weight structure, because this enables faster transport, higher mobility, greater fuel conservation, higher payload capacity, and

55. VIEW OF STEAMOPERATED LOG HOIST TO PUT IN COMING ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

55. VIEW OF STEAM-OPERATED LOG HOIST TO PUT IN COMING LOGS INTO RALPH HULL LUMBER CO. LOG POND. PHOTOGRAPHER: UNKNOWN. DATE: 1942. COURTESY OF RALPH HULL. - Hull-Oakes Lumber Company, 23837 Dawson Road, Monroe, Benton County, OR

Development of cubic Bezier curve and curve-plane intersection method for parametric submarine hull form design to optimize hull resistance using CFD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chrismianto, Deddy; Zakki, Ahmad Fauzan; Arswendo, Berlian; Kim, Dong Joon

2015-12-01

Optimization analysis and computational fluid dynamics (CFDs) have been applied simultaneously, in which a parametric model plays an important role in finding the optimal solution. However, it is difficult to create a parametric model for a complex shape with irregular curves, such as a submarine hull form. In this study, the cubic Bezier curve and curve-plane intersection method are used to generate a solid model of a parametric submarine hull form taking three input parameters into account: nose radius, tail radius, and length-height hull ratio ( L/ H). Application program interface (API) scripting is also used to write code in the ANSYS design modeler. The results show that the submarine shape can be generated with some variation of the input parameters. An example is given that shows how the proposed method can be applied successfully to a hull resistance optimization case. The parametric design of the middle submarine type was chosen to be modified. First, the original submarine model was analyzed, in advance, using CFD. Then, using the response surface graph, some candidate optimal designs with a minimum hull resistance coefficient were obtained. Further, the optimization method in goal-driven optimization (GDO) was implemented to find the submarine hull form with the minimum hull resistance coefficient ( C t ). The minimum C t was obtained. The calculated difference in C t values between the initial submarine and the optimum submarine is around 0.26%, with the C t of the initial submarine and the optimum submarine being 0.001 508 26 and 0.001 504 29, respectively. The results show that the optimum submarine hull form shows a higher nose radius ( r n ) and higher L/ H than those of the initial submarine shape, while the radius of the tail ( r t ) is smaller than that of the initial shape.

Production of Ethanol From Newly Developed and Improved Winter Barley Cultivars.

PubMed

Nghiem, Nhuan P; Brooks, Wynse S; Griffey, Carl A; Toht, Matthew J

2017-05-01

Winter barley has attracted strong interest as a potential feedstock for fuel ethanol production in regions with mild winter climate such as the mid-Atlantic and northeastern USA. Ten recently developed and improved winter barley cultivars and breeding lines including five hulled and five hull-less lines were experimentally evaluated for potential ethanol production. The five hulled barley lines included three released cultivars (Thoroughbred, Atlantic, and Secretariat) and two breeding lines (VA09B-34 and VA11B-4). The five hull-less lines also included three released cultivars (Eve, Dan, and Amaze 10) and two breeding lines (VA08H-65 and VA13H-34). On the average, the hull-less barley cultivars produced more ethanol per unit mass because of their higher starch and β-glucan contents. However, since the hulled barley cultivars had higher agronomic yield, the potential ethanol production per acre of land for the two types were approximately equal. Among the ten cultivars tested, the hull-less cultivar Amaze 10 was the best one for ethanol production. The ethanol yield values obtained for this cultivar were 2.61 gal per bushel and 292 gal per acre.

Naval electrochemical corrosion reducer

DOEpatents

Clark, Howard L.

1991-10-01

A corrosion reducer for use with ships having a hull, a propeller mounted a propeller shaft and extending through the hull, bearings supporting the shaft, at least one thrust bearing and one seal. The improvement includes a current collector and a current reduction assembly for reducing the voltage between the hull and shaft in order to reduce corrosion due to electrolytic action. The current reduction assembly includes an electrical contact, the current collector, and the hull. The current reduction assembly further includes a device for sensing and measuring the voltage between the hull and the shaft and a device for applying a reverse voltage between the hull and the shaft so that the resulting voltage differential is from 0 to 0.05 volts. The current reduction assembly further includes a differential amplifier having a voltage differential between the hull and the shaft. The current reduction assembly further includes an amplifier and a power output circuit receiving signals from the differential amplifier and being supplied by at least one current supply. The current selector includes a brush assembly in contact with a slip ring over the shaft so that its potential may be applied to the differential amplifier.

Preconditioning 2D Integer Data for Fast Convex Hull Computations.

PubMed

Cadenas, José Oswaldo; Megson, Graham M; Luengo Hendriks, Cris L

2016-01-01

In order to accelerate computing the convex hull on a set of n points, a heuristic procedure is often applied to reduce the number of points to a set of s points, s ≤ n, which also contains the same hull. We present an algorithm to precondition 2D data with integer coordinates bounded by a box of size p × q before building a 2D convex hull, with three distinct advantages. First, we prove that under the condition min(p, q) ≤ n the algorithm executes in time within O(n); second, no explicit sorting of data is required; and third, the reduced set of s points forms a simple polygonal chain and thus can be directly pipelined into an O(n) time convex hull algorithm. This paper empirically evaluates and quantifies the speed up gained by preconditioning a set of points by a method based on the proposed algorithm before using common convex hull algorithms to build the final hull. A speedup factor of at least four is consistently found from experiments on various datasets when the condition min(p, q) ≤ n holds; the smaller the ratio min(p, q)/n is in the dataset, the greater the speedup factor achieved.

Fermentation of soybean hulls to ethanol while retaining protein value

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mielenz, Jonathan R; Wyman, Professor Charles E; John, Bardsley

2009-01-01

Soybean hulls were evaluated as a resource for production of ethanol by the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process, and no pretreatment of the hulls was found to be needed to realize high ethanol yields with S. cerevisiae D5A. The impact of cellulase, -glucosidase and pectinase dosages were determined at a 15% biomass loading, and ethanol concentrations of 25-30 g/L were routinely obtained, while under these conditions corn stover, wheat straw, and switchgrass produced 3-4 times lower ethanol yields. Removal of carbohydrates also concentrated the hull protein to over 25% w/w from the original roughly 10%. Analysis of the soybeanmore » hulls before and after fermentation showed similar amino acid profiles including an increase in the essential amino acids lysine and threonine in the residues. Thus, eliminating pretreatment should assure that the protein in the hulls is preserved, and conversion of the carbohydrates to ethanol with high yields produces a more concentrated and valuable co-product in addition to ethanol. The resulting upgraded feed product from soybean hulls would likely to be acceptable to monogastric as well as bovine livestock.« less

Thermographic inspection of marine composite structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jones, Thomas S.; Lindgren, Eric A.

1994-03-01

The marine industry is now facing the problems that were faced by the aircraft industry 20 to 25 years ago: glass-fiber-composite structures do not lend themselves to traditional methods of interrogation. Both the material response and the failure modes of composites are different from traditional materials. Infrared thermographic techniques were investigated for application to composite hull structures and found to be very effective in locating and identifying damage to both solid laminate and sandwich panel construction. The thermographic techniques have been applied to cruising as well as racing yachts with good results. Indicated damage has matched well with the damage discovered during repair operations. More recently, the thermographic techniques have been applied to much thicker solid laminate hull construction used in a new U.S. Navy mine hunter, the MHC-51, U.S.S. Osprey. Thermographic investigations were performed on large test panels used to evaluate different material systems for this vessel and on the vessel itself to provide a baseline thermal characterization. Later this year, shock trials will be performed on the U.S.S. Osprey. Additional thermographic studies are planned following the shock trials.

50 CFR 218.74 - Mitigation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...) Surface ships or aircraft conducting high-frequency or non-hull-mounted mid-frequency active sonar...) When marine mammals are visually detected, the Navy shall ensure that high-frequency and non-hull... using low-frequency or hull-mounted mid-frequency active sonar sources associated with anti-submarine...

46 CFR 169.239 - Hull.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Hull. 169.239 Section 169.239 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) NAUTICAL SCHOOLS SAILING SCHOOL VESSELS Inspection and Certification Inspections § 169.239 Hull. At each inspection for certification and periodic inspection, the...

VSP - Discussion: The Common Interest on Planning Hulls and Plan for Collaboration Studies between NSWC and KRISO - Washington DC

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-03-07

planning hulls and plan for N62909-15-1-2052 collaboration studies between NSWC and KRISO - Washington DC Sb. GRANT NUMBER N62909-15-1-2052 Sc. PROGRAM...be carried out in MASK’s facilities. We discussed common interests on planing hulls , and made plans for collaboration studies between NSWC and KRISO... hull forms for satisfying the requirements of the project. Model tests and analyses are required to assess the maneuvering and seakeeping performance

OPERATION HARDTACK. Project 3.3. Shock Loading in Ships from Underwater Bursts and Response of Shipboard Equipment

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-09-01

ke l aBit porn of ceeturlifie (atofer md) Sleeelig Gar Room 1iI ¶1 Fitt’ Natfore eck 7 3IMao hlie 01 A VVi Bolkifuad otiffteel2i 1~ Zn ft ov SIS frst...stiffener flange 33 Too of hull Centerline "R SS A Hull stiffener flange 33 Top of hull Centerline 9 R VM Hull stiffener flange 33 45 dog port from top 45 deg

Microwave-Assisted Alkali Pre-Treatment, Densification and Enzymatic Saccharification of Canola Straw and Oat Hull

PubMed Central

Agu, Obiora S.; Tabil, Lope G.; Dumonceaux, Tim

2017-01-01

The effects of microwave-assisted alkali pre-treatment on pellets’ characteristics and enzymatic saccharification for bioethanol production using lignocellulosic biomass of canola straw and oat hull were investigated. The ground canola straw and oat hull were immersed in distilled water, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide solutions at two concentrations (0.75% and 1.5% w/v) and exposed to microwave radiation at power level 713 W and three residence times (6, 12 and 18 min). Bulk and particle densities of ground biomass samples were determined. Alkaline-microwave pre-treated and untreated samples were subjected to single pelleting test in an Instron universal machine, pre-set to a load of 4000 N. The measured parameters, pellet density, tensile strength and dimensional stability were evaluated and the results showed that the microwave-assisted alkali pre-treated pellets had a significantly higher density and tensile strength compared to samples that were untreated or pre-treated by microwave alone. The chemical composition analysis showed that microwave-assisted alkali pre-treatment was able to disrupt and break down the lignocellulosic structure of the samples, creating an area of cellulose accessible to cellulase reactivity. The best enzymatic saccharification results gave a high glucose yield of 110.05 mg/g dry sample for canola straw ground in a 1.6 mm screen hammer mill and pre-treated with 1.5% NaOH for 18 min, and a 99.10 mg/g dry sample for oat hull ground in a 1.6 mm screen hammer mill and pre-treated with 0.75% NaOH for 18 min microwave-assisted alkali pre-treatments. The effects of pre-treatment results were supported by SEM analysis. Overall, it was found that microwave-assisted alkali pre-treatment of canola straw and oat hull at a short residence time enhanced glucose yield. PMID:28952504

Microwave-Assisted Alkali Pre-Treatment, Densification and Enzymatic Saccharification of Canola Straw and Oat Hull.

PubMed

Agu, Obiora S; Tabil, Lope G; Dumonceaux, Tim

2017-03-26

The effects of microwave-assisted alkali pre-treatment on pellets' characteristics and enzymatic saccharification for bioethanol production using lignocellulosic biomass of canola straw and oat hull were investigated. The ground canola straw and oat hull were immersed in distilled water, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide solutions at two concentrations (0.75% and 1.5% w/v) and exposed to microwave radiation at power level 713 W and three residence times (6, 12 and 18 min). Bulk and particle densities of ground biomass samples were determined. Alkaline-microwave pre-treated and untreated samples were subjected to single pelleting test in an Instron universal machine, pre-set to a load of 4000 N. The measured parameters, pellet density, tensile strength and dimensional stability were evaluated and the results showed that the microwave-assisted alkali pre-treated pellets had a significantly higher density and tensile strength compared to samples that were untreated or pre-treated by microwave alone. The chemical composition analysis showed that microwave-assisted alkali pre-treatment was able to disrupt and break down the lignocellulosic structure of the samples, creating an area of cellulose accessible to cellulase reactivity. The best enzymatic saccharification results gave a high glucose yield of 110.05 mg/g dry sample for canola straw ground in a 1.6 mm screen hammer mill and pre-treated with 1.5% NaOH for 18 min, and a 99.10 mg/g dry sample for oat hull ground in a 1.6 mm screen hammer mill and pre-treated with 0.75% NaOH for 18 min microwave-assisted alkali pre-treatments. The effects of pre-treatment results were supported by SEM analysis. Overall, it was found that microwave-assisted alkali pre-treatment of canola straw and oat hull at a short residence time enhanced glucose yield.

Submarine Pressure Hull Collapse Considering Corrosion and Penetrations

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-11-01

Original signed by Liam Gannon Liam Gannon Defence Scientist Approved by Original signed by Neil Pegg Neil Pegg Head/Warship Performance Approved... Heath , D.C. (2001). Submarine Structural Analysis Suite, SubSAS Phase 1. (DREA TM 2001-025). Defence Research Establishment Atlantic. DRDC

An experimental work on wireless structural health monitoring system applying on a submarine model scale

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nugroho, W. H.; Purnomo, N. J. H.; Soedarto, T.

2016-11-01

This paper presents an experimental work to monitor the health of submarine hull structures using strain sensors and wireless communication technology. The monitored - submarine hull was built in a hydro elastic model scale 1: 30 with a steel bar backbone and tested on water tank of Indonesian Hydrodynamic Laboratory (IHL). Specifically, this health monitoring system for the submarine model was developed using wireless modems, data communication software and conventional strain sensors. This system was used to monitor the loads on a steel bar backbone of the running submarine model from the edge of the water tank. Commands were issued from a notebook to instruct the health monitoring system to acquire data from sensors mounted externally to the steel bar. Data from measurements made on the structure are then transmitted wirelessly back to a notebook computer for processing and analysis. The results of the tank test have been validated and showed no loss of communication signal over an area of the tank. This work also presents a potential use of involving complete automation of this system with an in-service structure coupled with an on-line warning/damage detection capability.

Wave cancellation small waterplane multihull ships

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hsu, C.C.; Wilson, M.B.

1994-12-31

A new patented wave cancellation multihull ship concept (Hsu, 1993) is presented. Such ships consist of various arrangements of tapered hull elements. The tapered hull design provides a small waterplane area for enhanced seakeeping while producing smaller surface disturbances. In addition, proper arrangement of hull elements provides favorable wave interference effects. The saving in effective horsepower with a realistic wave cancellation tri-hull arrangement, was found to be about 30 percent compared to small waterplane area twin-hull ships. Power reductions of this magnitude translate to considerably fuel consumptions and improved range. Applications to several ship types, such as for fast ferries,more » cruise and container ships, appear promising, wherever good seakeeping, large deck space and high speed in the design.« less

Soybean hulls as an iron source for bread enrichment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Johnson, C.D.; Berry, M.F.; Weaver, C.M.

Soybean hulls, a concentrated source of iron, may have potential as a source of iron fortification in baked products. Retention of /sup 59/Fe in rats from white bread containing intrinsically labeled soybean hulls did not differ significantly (p<0.05) from extrinsically labeled white bread fortified with bakery grade ferrous sulfate (70.4 and 63.1%, respectively). Physical and sensory evaluations of bread containing up to 5% soybean hulls did not differ from white bread in loaf volume, cross-sectional area, tenderness or overall acceptance. These results suggest that soybean hulls are a good source of available iron and may be added to bakery productsmore » without deleterious effects in baking performance and sensory acceptability.« less

Aspects of three-dimensional strain at the margin of the extensional orogen, Virgin River depression area, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona

USGS Publications Warehouse

Anderson, R.E.; Barnhard, T.P.

1993-01-01

The Virgin River depression and surrounding mountains are Neogene features that are partly contiguous with the little-strained rocks of the structural transition to the Colorado Plateau province. This contiguity makes the area ideally suited for evaluating the sense, magnitude, and kinematics of Neogene deformation. Analysis along the strain boundary shows that, compared to the adjacent little-strained area, large-magnitude vertical deformation greatly exceeds extensional deformation and that significant amounts of lateral displacement approximately parallel the province boundary. Isostatic rebound following tectonic denudation is an unlikely direct cause of the strong vertical structural relief adjacent to the strain boundary. Instead, the observed structures are first-order features defining a three-dimensional strain field produced by approximately east-west extension, vertical structural attenuation, and extension-normal shortening. All major structural elements of the strain-boundary strain field are also found in the adjacent Basin and Range. -from Authors

Identification of structural domains in proteins by a graph heuristic.

PubMed

Wernisch, L; Hunting, M; Wodak, S J

1999-05-15

A novel automatic procedure for identifying domains from protein atomic coordinates is presented. The procedure, termed STRUDL (STRUctural Domain Limits), does not take into account information on secondary structures and handles any number of domains made up of contiguous or non-contiguous chain segments. The core algorithm uses the Kernighan-Lin graph heuristic to partition the protein into residue sets which display minimum interactions between them. These interactions are deduced from the weighted Voronoi diagram. The generated partitions are accepted or rejected on the basis of optimized criteria, representing basic expected physical properties of structural domains. The graph heuristic approach is shown to be very effective, it approximates closely the exact solution provided by a branch and bound algorithm for a number of test proteins. In addition, the overall performance of STRUDL is assessed on a set of 787 representative proteins from the Protein Data Bank by comparison to domain definitions in the CATH protein classification. The domains assigned by STRUDL agree with the CATH assignments in at least 81% of the tested proteins. This result is comparable to that obtained previously using PUU (Holm and Sander, Proteins 1994;9:256-268), the only other available algorithm designed to identify domains with any number of non-contiguous chain segments. A detailed discussion of the structures for which our assignments differ from those in CATH brings to light some clear inconsistencies between the concept of structural domains based on minimizing inter-domain interactions and that of delimiting structural motifs that represent acceptable folding topologies or architectures. Considering both concepts as complementary and combining them in a layered approach might be the way forward.

76 FR 7757 - Hull Identification Numbers for Recreational Vessels

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-11

... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard 33 CFR Part 181 [Docket No. USCG-2007-29236] Hull Identification Numbers for Recreational Vessels AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Follow-up to request for... expanded hull identification number (HIN). The Coast Guard's decision-making process included consideration...

75 FR 20032 - Information Collection Available for Public Comments and Recommendations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-16

... Underwriters of Marine Hull Insurance. Type of Request: Extension of currently approved information collection... collection of information involves the approval of marine hull underwriters to insure Maritime Administration... suitability for providing marine hull insurance on Maritime Administration vessels. Description of Respondents...

Gamma radiation effects on phenolics, antioxidants activity and in vitro digestion of pistachio ( Pistachia vera) hull

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Behgar, M.; Ghasemi, S.; Naserian, A.; Borzoie, A.; Fatollahi, H.

2011-09-01

The effect of gamma radiation (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 kGy) on tannin, total phenolics, antioxidants activity and in vitro digestion of pistachio hulls has been investigated in this study. The possibility of using the radial diffusion method based on software measurement of the rings area has also been investigated in this study. The software based method in radial diffusion method showed a higher r2 (0.995) value when compared to the traditional method. Irradiation reduced the tannin content ( P<0.01) and activity of antioxidants ( P<0.05) of pistachio hull extracts but increased the total phenolic content ( P<0.05). There was no effect of gamma irradiation on the in vitro digestion of the pistachio hull. Irradiation decreased the digestion rate of the pistachio hull at the dose of 40 kGy when compared to the control. This study showed that gamma irradiation decreased tannin and antioxidants activity of pistachio hull.

Effects of soy hull pectin and insoluble fiber on physicochemical and oxidative characteristics of fresh and frozen/thawed beef patties.

PubMed

Kim, Hyun-Wook; Miller, Danika K; Lee, Yong Jae; Kim, Yuan H Brad

2016-07-01

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of pectin and insoluble fiber isolated from soy hulls on water-holding capacity (WHC), texture, color, and lipid oxidation of fresh and frozen/thawed beef patties. Beef patties were formulated with no dietary fiber (control), 1% soy hull pectin, insoluble fiber, or their mixture (1:1), respectively. The addition of soy hull pectin significantly decreased display weight loss and increased cook yield of both fresh and frozen/thawed beef patties. In addition, no significant difference in hardness between fresh and frozen/thawed beef patties was observed for all dietary fiber treatments. However, incorporation of insoluble soy hull fiber decreased color and lipid oxidation stabilities of both fresh and frozen/thawed beef patties. Our results indicate that the incorporation of soy hull pectin could be an effective non-meat ingredient to minimize water loss and hardness defects of frozen beef patties. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Antiplatelet Aggregation Activity of Walnut Hull Extract via Suppression of Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Caspase Activation.

PubMed

Meshkini, Azadeh; Tahmasbi, Masoumeh

2017-06-01

Walnut hull (wal hull) is an agricultural by-product that is widely used in traditional medicine for alleviating pain and treating skin diseases, however, recently it has gained much attention in modern pharmacology due to its antioxidant properties. The current study was aimed to determine the total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin content of Persian wal hull extract and evaluate its biological effects on platelet function. Experimental data showed that acetone extract of wal hulls has a high content of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant properties. The analytical study of crude extract by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry demonstrated different types of high- and low-molecular-weight compounds that are basically and biologically important. Moreover, an in vitro study revealed that wal hull extract at a concentration of 50 μg/mL inhibited thrombin-induced platelet aggregation and protein secretion by 50%, without any cytotoxic effects on platelets. The examined extract suppressed reactive oxygen species generation and also caspase activation in thrombin-stimulated platelets. Identically, N-acetylcysteine inhibited the increase of reactive oxygen species level induced by thrombin in platelets, and supported a link between cellular redox status and caspase activation in activated platelets. Presumably, the antiplatelet activity of wal hull extract is related to its polyphenolic compounds and their antioxidant properties. Therefore, wal hulls can be considered as a candidate for thrombotic disorders. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Charles Darwin and the evolution of human grammatical systems.

PubMed

Buckingham, Hugh W; Christman, Sarah S

2010-04-08

Charles Darwin's evolutionary theories of animal communication were deeply embedded in a centuries-old model of association psychology, whose prodromes have most often been traced to the writings of Aristotle. His notions of frequency of occurrence of pairings have been passed down through the centuries and were a major ontological feature in the formation of associative connectivity. He focused on the associations of cause and effect, contiguity of sequential occurrence, and similarity among items. Cause and effect were often reduced to another type of contiguity relation, so that Aristotle is most often evoked as the originator of the associative bondings through similarity and contiguity, contiguity being the most powerful and frequent means of association. Contiguity eventually became the overriding mechanism for serial ordering of mental events in both perception and action. The notions of concatenation throughout the association psychology took the form of "trains" of events, both sensory and motor, in such a way that serial ordering came to be viewed as an item-by-item string of locally contiguous events. Modern developments in the mathematics of serial ordering have advanced in sophistication since the early and middle twentieth century, and new computational methods have allowed us to reevaluate the serial concatenative theories of Darwin and the associationists. These new models of serial order permit a closer comparative scrutiny between human and nonhuman. The present study considers Darwin's insistence on a "degree" continuity between human and nonhuman animal serial ordering. We will consider a study of starling birdsongs and whether the serial ordering of those songs provides evidence that they have a syntax that at best differs only in degree and not in kind with the computations of human grammatical structures. We will argue that they, in fact, show no such thing.

46 CFR 174.225 - Hull penetrations and shell connections.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Hull penetrations and shell connections. 174.225 Section 174.225 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SUBDIVISION AND STABILITY... § 174.225 Hull penetrations and shell connections. Each overboard discharge and shell connection except...

46 CFR 174.225 - Hull penetrations and shell connections.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull penetrations and shell connections. 174.225 Section 174.225 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SUBDIVISION AND STABILITY... § 174.225 Hull penetrations and shell connections. Each overboard discharge and shell connection except...

Barley hulls and straw constituents and emulsifying properties of their hemicelluloses

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Barley hulls (husks) are potential by-products of barley ethanol production. Barley straw is an abundant biomass in the regions producing barley for malting, feeds, and fuel ethanol. Both barley hulls and straw contain valuable hemicelluloses (arabinoxylans) and other useful carbohydrate and non-car...

46 CFR 176.675 - Extension of examination intervals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Extension of examination intervals. 176.675 Section 176... 100 GROSS TONS) INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 176.675 Extension of examination intervals. The intervals between drydock examinations and internal structural examinations...

Engaging Change

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gaskell, Craig; Dickinson, Kate

2012-01-01

This article tells the story of a conversation-based review process and subsequent re-structuring that has transformed the supporting administrative infrastructure at the Scarborough campus of the University of Hull into a highly centralised model, breaking long-standing organisational silos and putting the student perspective into central focus.…

Catcher’s Mitt Final Report

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-08-30

launch systems and procedures do not conform to and spacecraft (both satellites and rocket bodies) are not properly disposed of in accordance with...Concepts of this class include the use of whipple shields, aerogel panels or structures, large multi-hulled spheres, and layered open-cell foam

46 CFR 189.40-5 - Notice and plans required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS INSPECTION... examination, or underwater survey or whenever repairs are made to the vessel's hull. (c) Each barge that holds... barge undergoes a drydock examination, internal structural examination, or underwater survey or whenever...

46 CFR 189.40-5 - Notice and plans required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS INSPECTION... examination, or underwater survey or whenever repairs are made to the vessel's hull. (c) Each barge that holds... barge undergoes a drydock examination, internal structural examination, or underwater survey or whenever...

46 CFR 189.40-5 - Notice and plans required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS INSPECTION... examination, or underwater survey or whenever repairs are made to the vessel's hull. (c) Each barge that holds... barge undergoes a drydock examination, internal structural examination, or underwater survey or whenever...

46 CFR 189.40-5 - Notice and plans required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS INSPECTION... examination, or underwater survey or whenever repairs are made to the vessel's hull. (c) Each barge that holds... barge undergoes a drydock examination, internal structural examination, or underwater survey or whenever...

46 CFR 189.40-5 - Notice and plans required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS INSPECTION... examination, or underwater survey or whenever repairs are made to the vessel's hull. (c) Each barge that holds... barge undergoes a drydock examination, internal structural examination, or underwater survey or whenever...

46 CFR 92.01-2 - Incorporation by reference.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 92.01-2 Incorporation by reference. (a) Certain material is... is also available for inspection at the Coast Guard, Office of Design and Engineering Standards, (CG... listed below. (b) International Maritime Organization (IMO), Publications Section, 4 Albert Embankment...

46 CFR 190.01-15 - Special consideration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Special consideration. 190.01-15 Section 190.01-15 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 190.01-15 Special consideration. (a) Special consideration will...

Antiproliferative terpenoids from almond hulls (Prunus dulcis): identification and structure-activity relationships.

PubMed

Amico, Vincenzo; Barresi, Vincenza; Condorelli, Daniele; Spatafora, Carmela; Tringali, Corrado

2006-02-08

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the EtOAc crude extract from Sicilian almond hulls, a waste material from Prunus dulcis crop, allowed identification of 10 constituents, isolated as pure compounds (1-5, 7, and 10) or unseparable mixtures (5 + 6 and 8 + 9). All compounds were subjected to spectroscopic analysis and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide bioassay on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. In addition to the main components oleanolic (1), ursolic (2), and betulinic (3) acids, the 2-hydroxy analogues alphitolic (4), corosolic (5), and maslinic (6) acids, as well as the related aldehydes, namely, betulinic (7), oleanolic (8), and ursolic (9), were identified. From a more polar fraction, the beta-sitosterol 3-O-glucoside (10) was also identified. A sample of commercially available betulin (11) was also included in bioassays as further support to a structure-activity relationship study. Betulinic acid showed antiproliferative activity toward MCF-7 cells (GI50 = 0.27 microM), higher than the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil.

46 CFR 167.15-27 - Definitions relating to hull examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... slipway for an examination of all accessible parts of the vessel's underwater body and all through-hull... Section 167.15-27 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) NAUTICAL SCHOOLS PUBLIC NAUTICAL SCHOOL SHIPS Inspections § 167.15-27 Definitions relating to hull examinations. As used...

46 CFR 167.15-27 - Definitions relating to hull examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... slipway for an examination of all accessible parts of the vessel's underwater body and all through-hull... Section 167.15-27 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) NAUTICAL SCHOOLS PUBLIC NAUTICAL SCHOOL SHIPS Inspections § 167.15-27 Definitions relating to hull examinations. As used...

46 CFR 151.10-20 - Hull construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... rests upon a pinnacle at the water surface. The maximum hull and tank bending moment and tank saddle... limits of paragraphs (b)(2) (i), (ii), or (iii) of this section. The maximum tank bending moment and... maximum hull and tank bending moments and tank saddle reactions. (ii) All independent tank barges...

46 CFR 151.10-20 - Hull construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... rests upon a pinnacle at the water surface. The maximum hull and tank bending moment and tank saddle... limits of paragraphs (b)(2) (i), (ii), or (iii) of this section. The maximum tank bending moment and... maximum hull and tank bending moments and tank saddle reactions. (ii) All independent tank barges...

75 FR 39724 - Reports, Forms and Recordkeeping Requirements; Agency Information Collection Activity Under OMB...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-12

... INFORMATION: Maritime Administration (MARAD). Title: Approval of Underwriters for Marine Hull Insurance. OMB... of information involves the approval of marine hull underwriters to insure MARAD program vessels... suitability for providing marine hull insurance on MARAD vessels. Annual Estimated Burden Hours: 46 hours...

78 FR 65030 - Agency Requests for Renewal of a Previously Approved Information Collection(s): Approval of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-30

... Previously Approved Information Collection(s): Approval of Underwriters of Marine Hull Insurance AGENCY...: Approval of Underwriters of Marine Hull Insurance. Form Numbers: None. Type of Review: Renewal of an... approval of marine hull underwriters to insure Maritime Administration program vessels. Foreign and...

Community Participatory Ecological Art and Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Song, Young Imm Kang

2009-01-01

This paper presents a phenomenological case study on ecological artist Lynne Hull by investigating the connections between ecological art, nature, and education. The research examines Hull's "positive gesture towards the Earth" as conceptualized in her work of creating habitats for wildlife (Hull, 2004, para 1). It illustrates how she seeks to…

77 FR 59575 - Hull Identification Numbers for Recreational Vessels

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-28

... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard 33 CFR Part 181 [Docket No. USCG-2012-0843] Hull Identification Numbers for Recreational Vessels AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Request for public comments... requirement to indicate a boat's model year as part of the 12-character Hull Identification Number (HIN...

46 CFR 185.602 - Hull markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull markings. 185.602 Section 185.602 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS (UNDER 100 GROSS TONS) OPERATIONS Markings Required § 185.602 Hull markings. (a) Each vessel must be marked as required by part 67...

Effect of rice hull mulch on nutrient concentration of fertilized irrigation water

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Parboiled rice hulls are an effective mulch for controlling weeds in nursery containers. A layer of rice hulls between 1.25 and 2.5 cm deep has been shown to provide effective control of liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha), bittercress (Cardamine flexuosa), and creeping woodsorrel (Oxalis corniculata...

46 CFR 122.602 - Hull markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull markings. 122.602 Section 122.602 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS CARRYING MORE THAN 150....602 Hull markings. (a) Each vessel must be marked as required by part 67, subpart I, of this chapter...

Early Child Care and Education at Hull House: Voices from the Past, Challenges for the Future.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carlson, Helen L.

1993-01-01

Discussion of Chicago's Hull House centers on the physical and social environments, types of child care offered, learning experiences and environment in the day nursery and kindergarten, and professional education. Implications of Hull House for contemporary child care are described. (BG)

46 CFR 45.143 - Hull openings above freeboard deck.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull openings above freeboard deck. 45.143 Section 45.143 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES GREAT LAKES LOAD LINES Conditions of Assignment § 45.143 Hull openings above freeboard deck. Closures for openings above...

Composition of liquid rice hull smoke and anti-inflamatory effects in mice

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Antioxidative, antiallergic, and antiinflammatory activities of a new liquid rice hull (husk) smoke extract prepared by pyrolysis of rice hulls followed by liquefaction of the resulting smoke were assessed in vitro and in vivo. At pH 5, the liquid smoke extract inhibited 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl ...

Registration of Harriman low-phytate, hulled spring barley

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA-ARS), has released 'Harriman', (Hordeum vulgare L.) (Reg. No. xxxxxx, P.I. xxxxxx). Harriman is a hulled, low-phytate barley, the second to be developed and released by the USDA-ARS. Compared to the previously released hulled, l...

33 CFR 181.23 - Hull identification numbers required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Hull identification numbers... identification numbers required. (a) A manufacturer must identify each boat produced or imported with primary and secondary hull identification numbers permanently affixed in accordance with § 181.29 of this subpart. (b) A...

33 CFR 181.23 - Hull identification numbers required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Hull identification numbers... identification numbers required. (a) A manufacturer must identify each boat produced or imported with primary and secondary hull identification numbers permanently affixed in accordance with § 181.29 of this subpart. (b) A...

A General Tank Test of a Model of the Hull of the British Singapore IIC Flying Boat

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dawson, John R; Truscott, Starr

1936-01-01

A general test was made in the N.A.C.A. tank of a 1/12-size model of the hull of the British Singapore IIC flying boat loaned by the Director of Research, British Air Ministry. The results are given in charts and are compared with the results of tests of a model of an American flying-boat hull, the Sikorsky S-40. The Singapore hull has a greater hump resistance but a much lower high-speed resistance than the S-40.

Change of name for the Oriental robber fly Nyssomyia Hull, 1962 (Diptera: Asilidae, Asilinae), nec Nyssomyia Barretto, 1962 (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae).

PubMed

Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio; Fisher, Eric

2015-08-14

A new name for the Oriental genus Nyssomyia Hull, 1962 (Diptera: Asilidae) is proposed. Homonymy exists between this Oriental robber fly genus and the more senior Neotropical phlebotomine sand fly genus Nyssomyia Barretto, 1962 (sensu Galati 2003) (Diptera: Psychodidae), and the following replacement name is proposed: Ekkentronomyia nom. nov. for Nyssomyia Hull (nec Barretto 1962). Accordingly, a new combination is herein proposed for the only species currently included in this genus: Ekkentronomyia ochracea (Hull, 1962) comb. nov.

Evaluation of Radiation Exposure Hazard from Squaw Targets Used in Operations WIGWAM and HARDTACK-I

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-07-01

scale model submarine hulls (called “Squaws”) were built for the U.S. Navy in 1954 for use as submerged targets for hull -damage testing at Operation...2 Section 2. History of the Squaw Targets Three 4/5-scale model submarine hulls (called “Squaws”) were built in 1954 at the Long Beach Naval...dimensions of 135 ft in length, 23 ft in height, and 20.5 ft in breadth (Ross, 1955; NAVSHIPS, circa 1971). The Squaw hulls were to be used as submerged

Inhibition of α-glucosidase by polysaccharides from the fruit hull of Camellia oleifera Abel.

PubMed

Zhang, Sheng; Li, Xiang-Zhou

2015-01-22

We isolated and purified polysaccharides from the Camellia oleifera Abel. fruit hull and studied its hypoglycemic potential. Our results revealed six polysaccharides (CFPA-1-5 & CFPB) from the aqueous extract from the defatted C. oleifera fruit hull. Purified polysaccharides (purity >90%) were investigated for the inhibition of α-glucosidase activity in vitro. Two polysaccharides, CFPB and CFPA-3 were present in high concentration in the fruit hull and showed a dose-dependent inhibition of α-glucosidase activity, with IC50 concentrations of 11.80 and 10.95 μg/mL, respectively. This result suggests that polysaccharides (CFP) extracted from the fruit hull of C. oleifera may have potential as functional foods with featuring a hypoglycemic effect. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Tank tests of three models of flying-boat hulls of the pointed-step type with different angles of dead rise - NACA model 35 series

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dawson, John R

1936-01-01

The results of tank tests of three models of flying-boat hulls of the pointed-step type with different angles of dead rise are given in charts and are compared with results from tests of more conventional hulls. Increasing the angle of dead rise from 15 to 25 degrees: had little effect on the hump resistance; increased the resistance throughout the planning range; increased the best trim angle; reduced the maximum positive trimming moment required to obtain best trim angle; and had but a slight effect on the spray characteristics. For approximately the same angles of dead rise the resistance of the pointed-step hulls were considerably lower at high speeds than those of the more conventional hulls.

Grene and Hull on types and typological thinking in biology.

PubMed

Honenberger, Phillip

2015-04-01

Marjorie Grene (1910-2009) and David Hull (1935-2010) were among the most influential voices in late twentieth-century philosophy of biology. But, as Grene and Hull pointed out in published discussions of one another's work over the course of nearly forty years, they disagreed strongly on fundamental issues. Among these contested issues is the role of what is sometimes called "typology" and "typological thinking" in biology. In regard to taxonomy and the species problem, Hull joined Ernst Mayr's construal of typological thinking as a backward relic of pre-Darwinian science that should be overcome. Grene, however, treated the suspicion of typological thinking that characterized Hull's views, as well as those of other architects of the New Evolutionary Synthesis, as itself suspicious and even unsustainable. In this paper I review three debates between Grene and Hull bearing on the question of the validity of so-called typological thinking in biology: (1) a debate about the dispensability of concepts of "type" within evolutionary theory, paleontology, and taxonomy; (2) a debate about whether species can be adequately understood as individuals, and thereby independently of those forms of thinking Hull and Mayr had construed as "typological"; and (3) a debate about the prospects of a biologically informed theory of human nature. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A Fast Algorithm of Convex Hull Vertices Selection for Online Classification.

PubMed

Ding, Shuguang; Nie, Xiangli; Qiao, Hong; Zhang, Bo

2018-04-01

Reducing samples through convex hull vertices selection (CHVS) within each class is an important and effective method for online classification problems, since the classifier can be trained rapidly with the selected samples. However, the process of CHVS is NP-hard. In this paper, we propose a fast algorithm to select the convex hull vertices, based on the convex hull decomposition and the property of projection. In the proposed algorithm, the quadratic minimization problem of computing the distance between a point and a convex hull is converted into a linear equation problem with a low computational complexity. When the data dimension is high, an approximate, instead of exact, convex hull is allowed to be selected by setting an appropriate termination condition in order to delete more nonimportant samples. In addition, the impact of outliers is also considered, and the proposed algorithm is improved by deleting the outliers in the initial procedure. Furthermore, a dimension convention technique via the kernel trick is used to deal with nonlinearly separable problems. An upper bound is theoretically proved for the difference between the support vector machines based on the approximate convex hull vertices selected and all the training samples. Experimental results on both synthetic and real data sets show the effectiveness and validity of the proposed algorithm.

Ingestive Behavior and Nitrogen Balance of Confined Santa Ines Lambs Fed Diets Containing Soybean Hulls

PubMed Central

Bastos, Milena Patrícia Viana; de Carvalho, Gleidson Giordano Pinto; Pires, Aureliano José Vieira; Silva, Robério Rodrigues; Filho, Antônio Eustáquio; dos Santos, Edileusa de Jesus; Chagas, Daiane Maria Trindade; Barroso, Daniele Soares; Filho, George Abreu

2014-01-01

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of substituting corn with soybean hulls on the ingestive behavior and nitrogen balance of Santa Ines lambs. A total of 25 lambs with an initial body weight of 20±2 kg at approximately six months of age, sheltered individually in stalls (1.10 m×1.0 m), considering an entirely casual experimental delineation. Soybean hulls were substituted for corn at 0, 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 g/kg of dry matter (DM). The time spent feeding, ruminating, masticating, and resting was not affected by the substitution of corn with soybean hulls. In fact, the feeding efficiency in g DM/h and the rumination efficiency in g DM/bolus increased linearly with soybean hull substitution in the feed. Although the nitrogen balance was not altered by the use of soybean hulls as a substitute for corn in the diets of Santa Ines lambs, the N ingested and N digested expressed in g/d, N retained as a percentage of that ingested, and N retained as a percentage of that digested displayed quadratic behavior. In conclusion, corn can be substituted with soybean hulls up to 1,000 g/kg of dry matter in the concentrate, without changing the ingestive behavior and nitrogen balance. PMID:25049922

Propeller sheet cavitation noise source modeling and inversion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Keunhwa; Lee, Jaehyuk; Kim, Dongho; Kim, Kyungseop; Seong, Woojae

2014-02-01

Propeller sheet cavitation is the main contributor to high level of noise and vibration in the after body of a ship. Full measurement of the cavitation-induced hull pressure over the entire surface of the affected area is desired but not practical. Therefore, using a few measurements on the outer hull above the propeller in a cavitation tunnel, empirical or semi-empirical techniques based on physical model have been used to predict the hull-induced pressure (or hull-induced force). In this paper, with the analytic source model for sheet cavitation, a multi-parameter inversion scheme to find the positions of noise sources and their strengths is suggested. The inversion is posed as a nonlinear optimization problem, which is solved by the optimization algorithm based on the adaptive simplex simulated annealing algorithm. Then, the resulting hull pressure can be modeled with boundary element method from the inverted cavitation noise sources. The suggested approach is applied to the hull pressure data measured in a cavitation tunnel of the Samsung Heavy Industry. Two monopole sources are adequate to model the propeller sheet cavitation noise. The inverted source information is reasonable with the cavitation dynamics of the propeller and the modeled hull pressure shows good agreement with cavitation tunnel experimental data.

Preconditioning 2D Integer Data for Fast Convex Hull Computations

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

In order to accelerate computing the convex hull on a set of n points, a heuristic procedure is often applied to reduce the number of points to a set of s points, s ≤ n, which also contains the same hull. We present an algorithm to precondition 2D data with integer coordinates bounded by a box of size p × q before building a 2D convex hull, with three distinct advantages. First, we prove that under the condition min(p, q) ≤ n the algorithm executes in time within O(n); second, no explicit sorting of data is required; and third, the reduced set of s points forms a simple polygonal chain and thus can be directly pipelined into an O(n) time convex hull algorithm. This paper empirically evaluates and quantifies the speed up gained by preconditioning a set of points by a method based on the proposed algorithm before using common convex hull algorithms to build the final hull. A speedup factor of at least four is consistently found from experiments on various datasets when the condition min(p, q) ≤ n holds; the smaller the ratio min(p, q)/n is in the dataset, the greater the speedup factor achieved. PMID:26938221

Method for prefetching non-contiguous data structures

DOEpatents

Blumrich, Matthias A [Ridgefield, CT; Chen, Dong [Croton On Hudson, NY; Coteus, Paul W [Yorktown Heights, NY; Gara, Alan G [Mount Kisco, NY; Giampapa, Mark E [Irvington, NY; Heidelberger, Philip [Cortlandt Manor, NY; Hoenicke, Dirk [Ossining, NY; Ohmacht, Martin [Brewster, NY; Steinmacher-Burow, Burkhard D [Mount Kisco, NY; Takken, Todd E [Mount Kisco, NY; Vranas, Pavlos M [Bedford Hills, NY

2009-05-05

A low latency memory system access is provided in association with a weakly-ordered multiprocessor system. Each processor in the multiprocessor shares resources, and each shared resource has an associated lock within a locking device that provides support for synchronization between the multiple processors in the multiprocessor and the orderly sharing of the resources. A processor only has permission to access a resource when it owns the lock associated with that resource, and an attempt by a processor to own a lock requires only a single load operation, rather than a traditional atomic load followed by store, such that the processor only performs a read operation and the hardware locking device performs a subsequent write operation rather than the processor. A simple perfecting for non-contiguous data structures is also disclosed. A memory line is redefined so that in addition to the normal physical memory data, every line includes a pointer that is large enough to point to any other line in the memory, wherein the pointers to determine which memory line to prefect rather than some other predictive algorithm. This enables hardware to effectively prefect memory access patterns that are non-contiguous, but repetitive.

A case study on displacement analysis of Vasa warship

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eshagh, Mehdi; Johansson, Filippa; Karlsson, Lenita; Horemuz, Milan

2018-04-01

Monitoring deformation of man-made structures is very important to prevent them from a risk of collapse and save lives. Such a process is also used for monitoring change in historical objects, which are deforming continuously with time. An example of this is the Vasa warship, which was under water for about 300 years. The ship was raised from the bottom of the sea and is kept in the Vasa museum in Stockholm. A geodetic network with points on the museum building and the ship's body has been established and measured for 12 years for monitoring the ship's deformation. The coordinate time series of each point on the ship and their uncertainties have been estimated epoch-wisely. In this paper, our goal is to statistically analyse the ship's hull movements. By fitting a quadratic polynomial to the coordinate time series of each point of the hull, its acceleration and velocity are estimated. In addition, their significance is tested by comparing them with their respective estimated errors after the fitting. Our numerical investigations show that the backside of the ship, having highest elevation and slope, has moved vertically faster than the other places by a velocity and an acceleration of about 2 mm/year and 0.1 mm/year2, respectively and this part of the ship is the weakest with a higher risk of collapse. The central parts of the ship are more stable as the ship hull is almost vertical and closer to the floor. Generally, the hull is moving towards its port and downwards

Clinical signs associated with ingestion of black walnut tree (Juglans nigra) wood, nuts, and hulls in dogs: 93 cases (2001-2012).

PubMed

Coleman, Adrienne E; Merola, Valentina

2016-01-15

To identify clinical signs associated with oral exposure to black walnut tree (Juglans nigra) wood, nuts, or nut hulls in dogs and to compare clinical syndromes between dogs that ingested wood and dogs that ingested the walnuts or nut hulls. Retrospective case series. 93 dogs. Records of dogs with oral exposure to black walnut wood, nuts, or nut hulls between November 2001 and December 2012 were retrieved from the Animal Poison Control Center database. Records were reviewed, and data regarding signalment; exposure; time of onset, type, and duration of clinical signs; serum biochemical abnormalities; treatment; and response to treatment were collected. Results were compared statistically between dogs that ingested wood and those that ingested nut components. 28 cases involved exposure to wood, and 65 involved exposure to nuts or hulls. Spontaneous vomiting was commonly observed (13/28 [46%] and 31/65 [48%] dogs that ingested wood and nut components, respectively). Neurologic or musculoskeletal signs were significantly more common in dogs that ingested wood (26/28 [93%]) than in those that ingested nuts or hulls (15/65 [23%]). Relative risk of developing neurologic signs after ingestion of wood was approximately 4 times that after ingestion of nuts or hulls. Ingestion of black walnut wood by dogs resulted in a clinical syndrome in which neurologic or musculoskeletal signs were most frequently reported, whereas ingestion of black walnuts or their hulls was most commonly associated with vomiting. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing 2 different clinical syndromes associated with exposure to black walnut tree components in dogs.

33 CFR 174.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... spaces inside its structure. Certificate of number means the certificate required by 33 CFR 173.21... harvesting of fish which, either in whole or in part, is intended to enter commerce through sale, barter, or...-purpose accommodation spaces with low freeboard and little or no foredeck or cockpit. Hull identification...

33 CFR 174.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... spaces inside its structure. Certificate of number means the certificate required by 33 CFR 173.21... harvesting of fish which, either in whole or in part, is intended to enter commerce through sale, barter, or...-purpose accommodation spaces with low freeboard and little or no foredeck or cockpit. Hull identification...

33 CFR 174.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... spaces inside its structure. Certificate of number means the certificate required by 33 CFR 173.21... harvesting of fish which, either in whole or in part, is intended to enter commerce through sale, barter, or...-purpose accommodation spaces with low freeboard and little or no foredeck or cockpit. Hull identification...

46 CFR 169.315 - Ventilation (other than machinery spaces).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Ventilation (other than machinery spaces). 169.315 Section 169.315 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) NAUTICAL SCHOOLS SAILING SCHOOL VESSELS Construction and Arrangement Hull Structure § 169.315 Ventilation (other than machinery...

46 CFR 190.01-1 - Application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Application. 190.01-1 Section 190.01-1 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 190.01-1 Application. (a) The provisions of this subpart, with the exception of...

14 CFR 23.533 - Hull and main float bottom pressures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Water Loads § 23.533 Hull and main float bottom pressures. (a) General. The hull and main float...=seaplane stalling speed (knots) at the design water takeoff weight with flaps extended in the appropriate...) at the design water takeoff weight with flaps extended in the appropriate takeoff position; and β...

14 CFR 23.533 - Hull and main float bottom pressures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Water Loads § 23.533 Hull and main float bottom pressures. (a) General. The hull and main float...=seaplane stalling speed (knots) at the design water takeoff weight with flaps extended in the appropriate...) at the design water takeoff weight with flaps extended in the appropriate takeoff position; and β...

33 CFR 80.135 - Hull, MA to Race Point, MA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Hull, MA to Race Point, MA. 80.135 Section 80.135 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION RULES COLREGS DEMARCATION LINES Atlantic Coast § 80.135 Hull, MA to Race Point, MA. (a...

33 CFR 80.135 - Hull, MA to Race Point, MA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Hull, MA to Race Point, MA. 80.135 Section 80.135 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION RULES COLREGS DEMARCATION LINES Atlantic Coast § 80.135 Hull, MA to Race Point, MA. (a...

33 CFR 80.135 - Hull, MA to Race Point, MA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Hull, MA to Race Point, MA. 80.135 Section 80.135 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION RULES COLREGS DEMARCATION LINES Atlantic Coast § 80.135 Hull, MA to Race Point, MA. (a...

33 CFR 80.135 - Hull, MA to Race Point, MA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Hull, MA to Race Point, MA. 80.135 Section 80.135 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION RULES COLREGS DEMARCATION LINES Atlantic Coast § 80.135 Hull, MA to Race Point, MA. (a...

Rice hull smoke extract inactivates Salmonella Typhimurium in laboratory media and protects infected mice against mortality

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

A recently discovered and characterized rice hull liquid smoke extract was tested for bactericidal activity against Salmonella Typhimurium using the disc-agar method. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value of rice hull smoke extract was found to be 0.822% (v/v). The in vivo antibacterial a...

46 CFR 97.40-5 - Hull markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull markings. 97.40-5 Section 97.40-5 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) CARGO AND MISCELLANEOUS VESSELS OPERATIONS Markings on Vessels § 97.40-5 Hull markings. Vessels shall be marked as required by parts 67 and 69 of this...

46 CFR 196.40-5 - Hull markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull markings. 196.40-5 Section 196.40-5 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH VESSELS OPERATIONS Markings on Vessels § 196.40-5 Hull markings. Vessels shall be marked as required by parts 67 and 69 of this chapter...

75 FR 22727 - Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement; Government-Assigned Serial Number Marking...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-30

... numbers, such as tail numbers/hull numbers and equipment registration, in human-readable format on major...., aircraft tail numbers or ship hull numbers in military operations, the number of small entities impacted by... contractors apply Government-assigned serial numbers, such as tail numbers/hull numbers and equipment...

46 CFR 128.230 - Penetrations of hulls and watertight bulkheads-materials and pressure design.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Penetrations of hulls and watertight bulkheads-materials and pressure design. 128.230 Section 128.230 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY... § 128.230 Penetrations of hulls and watertight bulkheads—materials and pressure design. (a) Each piping...

John Hull and the Money Culture

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Attfield, David

2008-01-01

John Hull's recent educational writings have included several on what he calls the "money culture". This is analysed and criticised in this article. Hull offers a Marxist and a neo-Marxist account of the role of money in western societies utilising the labour theory of value, false consciousness and the materialist interpretation of history. It is…

Edith de Nancrede at Hull-House: Theatre Programs for Youth.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hecht, Stuart J.

1991-01-01

Describes the work of Edith de Nancrede in developing theater programs for youth at Chicago's Hull-House during the early part of the twentieth century. Describes how her intense dedication to theater and education contributed to the success of Hull-House and to the achievements of its leader, Jane Addams. (PRA)

77 FR 65827 - Trifloxystrobin; Pesticide Tolerances

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-31

... regulation amends tolerances for residues of trifloxystrobin in or on almond hulls; and Vegetable, root... hulls at 9.0 parts per million (ppm). That notice referenced a summary of the petition prepared by Bayer... trifloxystrobin in or on almond hulls at 3.0 ppm. This MRL is different than the proposed amended tolerance at 9.0...

33 CFR 187.321 - What are the hull identification number (HIN) provisions?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What are the hull identification number (HIN) provisions? 187.321 Section 187.321 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT... Vessel Titling Systems § 187.321 What are the hull identification number (HIN) provisions? A State must...

46 CFR 78.50-5 - Hull markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hull markings. 78.50-5 Section 78.50-5 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) PASSENGER VESSELS OPERATIONS Markings on Vessels § 78.50-5 Hull markings. Vessels shall be marked as required by parts 67 and 69 of this chapter. [CGD 72...

77 FR 25112 - Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; 5-Year Reviews of Species in California and Nevada

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-27

....gov . To obtain further information, contact Josh Hull at the Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office at... Alameda whipsnake (=striped Masticophis No status change. Sacramento Josh Hull, (916) racer). lateralis... Hull, (916) relictus. 414-6600. California freshwater shrimp... Syncaris pacifica No status change...

46 CFR 42.09-30 - Additional survey requirements for steel-hull vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Additional survey requirements for steel-hull vessels...-30 Additional survey requirements for steel-hull vessels. (a) In addition to the requirements in § 42..., peaks, bilges, machinery spaces, and bunkers shall be examined to determine the condition of the framing...

46 CFR 115.655 - Hull examination reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Hull examination reports. 115.655 Section 115.655 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS CARRYING MORE THAN 150 PASSENGERS OR WITH OVERNIGHT ACCOMMODATIONS FOR MORE THAN 49 PASSENGERS INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION Hull and Tailshaft Examinations § 115.655...

46 CFR 42.09-30 - Additional survey requirements for steel-hull vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Additional survey requirements for steel-hull vessels. 42.09-30 Section 42.09-30 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD...-30 Additional survey requirements for steel-hull vessels. (a) In addition to the requirements in § 42...

46 CFR 42.09-30 - Additional survey requirements for steel-hull vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Additional survey requirements for steel-hull vessels. 42.09-30 Section 42.09-30 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD...-30 Additional survey requirements for steel-hull vessels. (a) In addition to the requirements in § 42...

46 CFR 42.09-30 - Additional survey requirements for steel-hull vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Additional survey requirements for steel-hull vessels. 42.09-30 Section 42.09-30 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD...-30 Additional survey requirements for steel-hull vessels. (a) In addition to the requirements in § 42...

Effect of ship hull form on the resistance penalty from biofouling.

PubMed

Oliveira, Dinis; Larsson, Ann I; Granhag, Lena

2018-03-01

Hull biofouling is a well-known problem for the shipping industry, leading to increased resistance and fuel consumption. Considering that the effects of hull form on resistance are known to be higher for a less slender hull, it is hypothesised in this paper that the effect of biofouling roughness on resistance is also dependent on the hull form. To test this hypothesis, previously reported full-scale numerical results on a containership are re-analysed. Form effects on roughness penalties, corresponding to K ΔCT  = 0.058 ± 0.025, are observed at a low speed (19 knots, Re s  = 2.29 × 10 9 ), which are however cancelled out by traditionally neglected roughness effects on wave-making resistance at a higher speed (24 knots, Re s  = 2.89 × 10 9 ). It is concluded that hull form effects on biofouling penalties can be significant at low speeds, though not generalisable for higher speeds, namely when wave-making resistance corresponds to ≥ 29% of total resistance.

Phytochemical distribution in hull and cotyledon of adzuki bean (Vigna angularis L.) and mung bean (Vigna radiate L.), and their contribution to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activities.

PubMed

Luo, Jiaqiang; Cai, Weixi; Wu, Tong; Xu, Baojun

2016-06-15

Total saponin content, total phenolics content, total flavonoids content, condensed tannin content in hull, cotyledon and whole grain of both adzuki bean and mung bean were determined by colorimetric methods. Vitexin and isovitexin contents in mung bean were determined by HPLC. Antioxidant effects were evaluated with DPPH scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. In vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects of beans were evaluated by protease and aldose reductase inhibitory assays, respectively. The results indicated that the bean hulls were the most abundant in phytochemicals and largely contributed antioxidant activities, anti-inflammatory effects and anti-diabetic effects of whole grains. The result showed that mung bean hull was the most abundant with vitexin at 37.43 mg/g and isovitexin at 47.18 mg/g, respectively. Most of the phytochemicals and bioactivities were most predominantly contributed by the bean hulls with exception for condensed tannin of mung bean; which was more abundant in the cotyledon than its hull. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Method and structure for an improved data reformatting procedure

DOEpatents

Chatterjee, Siddhartha [Yorktown Heights, NY; Gunnels, John A [Brewster, NY; Gustavson, Fred Gehrung [Briarcliff Manor, NY

2009-06-30

A method (and structure) of managing memory in which a low-level mechanism is executed to signal, in a sequence of instructions generated at a higher level, that at least a portion of a contiguous area of memory is permitted to be overwritten.

David Hull's generalized natural selection as an explanation for scientific change

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Little, Michelle Yvette

2001-10-01

Philosophers of science such as Karl Popper and Thomas Kuhn have employed evolutionary idiom in describing scientific change. In Science as a Process (1988) Hull makes evolutionary theory explanatorily applicable. He modifies key evolutionary terms in order that both biological evolution and scientific change are instances of a general selection process. According to Hull, because of naturally-existing competition for credit among researchers and the professional lineages they constitute, scientists are constrained to cooperate and collaborate. This process entails two important philosophical consequences. First, it allows for a natural justification of why the sciences can provide objective empirical knowledge. Second, appreciating its strength means that a philosophical analysis of scientific change is solidly difficult features to combine. I work on strengthening two weaknesses in Hull's arguments. First, operating in his analysis is an unexplicated notion of ``information'' running parallel to the equally opaque notion of genetic information. My third chapter provides a clear account of ``genetic information'' whose usefulness extends beyond the assistance it can render Hull as a clear concept is needed in biological contexts as well. The fourth and fifth chapters submit evidence of scientific change from radio astronomy. Hull insists on empirical backing for philosophical theses but his own book stands to suffer from selection effects as it offers cases drawn from a single subspecialty in the biological sciences. I found that in the main scientists and the change they propel accords well with Hull's explanation. However, instances of major change reveal credit- and resource-sharing to a degree contrary with what Hull would expect. My conclusion is that the naturalness of competition, instantiated during the course of standardized and relatively ``normal'' scientific research, is not the norm during periods of new research and its uncertain standards of protocol. As such my position is an inversion of the relationship Hull views between cooperation and competition in scientific change. Cooperation is a precondition for competition, rather than the other way around.

Interest in the glenoid hull method for analyzing humeral subluxation in primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis.

PubMed

Bouacida, Soufyane; Gauci, Marc-Olivier; Coulet, Bertrand; Lazerges, Cyril; Cyteval, Catherine; Boileau, Pascal; Chammas, Michel

2017-07-01

Posterior humeral subluxation is the main cause of failure of total shoulder arthroplasty. We aimed to compare humeral head subluxation in various reference planes and to search for a correlation with retroversion, inclination, and glenoid wear. We included 109 computed tomography scans of primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis and 97 of shoulder problems unrelated to shoulder osteoarthritis (controls); all computed tomography scans were reconstructed in the anatomic scapular plane and the glenoid hull plane that we defined. In both planes, we measured retroversion, inclination, glenohumeral offset (Walch index), and scapulohumeral offset. Retroversion in the scapular plane (Friedman method) was lower than that in the glenoid hull plane for controls and for arthritic shoulders. The threshold of scapulohumeral subluxation was 60% and 65% in the scapular plane and glenoid hull plane, respectively. The mean upward inclination was lower in the scapular plane (Churchill method) than in the glenoid hull plane (Maurer method). In the glenoid hull plane, 35% of type A2 glenoids showed glenohumeral offset greater than 75%, with mean retroversion of 25.6° ± 6° as compared with 7.5° ± 7.2° for the "centered" type A2 glenoids (P < .0001) and an upward inclination of -1.4° ± 8° and 6.3° ± 7° (P = .03), respectively. The correlation between retroversion and scapulohumeral offset was r = 0.64 in the glenoid hull plane and r = 0.59 in the scapular plane (P < .05). Measurement in the glenoid hull plane may be more accurate than in the scapular plane. Thus, the glenoid hull method allows for better understanding type B3 of the modified Walch classification. Copyright © 2017 Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Board of Trustees. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Morphing hull implementation for unmanned underwater vehicles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miller, Timothy F.; Gandhi, Farhan; Rufino, Russell J.

2013-11-01

There has been much interest and work in the area of morphing aircraft since the 1980s. Morphing could also potentially benefit unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs). The current paper envisions a UUV with an interior pressure hull and a variable diameter outer flexible hull with fuel stored in the annulus between, and presents a mechanism to realize diameter change of the outer hull. The outer hull diameter of UUVs designed for very long endurance/range could be progressively reduced as fuel was consumed, thereby reducing drag and further increasing endurance and range capability. Diameter morphing could also be advantageous for compact storage of UUVs. A prototype is fabricated to represent an axial section of such a morphing diameter UUV. Diameter change is achieved using eight morphing trusses arranged equidistant around the circumference of the representative interior rigid hull. Each morphing truss has a lower rail (attached to the rigid hull) and an upper rail with V-linkages between, at either ends of the rail. Horizontal motion of the feet of the V-linkages (sliding in the lower rail) results in vertical motion of the upper rail which in turn produces diameter change of the outer hull. For the prototype built and tested, a 63% increase in outer diameter from 12.75″ to 20.75″ was achieved. The introduction of a stretched latex representative flexible skin around the outer rails increased actuation force requirement and led to a propensity for the wheel-in-track sliders in the morphing truss to bind. It is anticipated that this could be overcome with higher precision manufacturing. In addition to symmetric actuation of the morphing trusses resulting in diameter change, the paper also shows that with asymmetric actuation the hull cross-section shape can be changed (for example, from a circular section for underwater operation to a V-section for surface operations).

Corn fiber hulls as a food additive or animal feed

DOEpatents

Abbas, Charles; Beery, Kyle E.; Cecava, Michael J.; Doane, Perry H.

2010-12-21

The present invention provides a novel animal feed or food additive that may be made from thermochemically hydrolyzed, solvent-extracted corn fiber hulls. The animal feed or food additive may be made, for instance, by thermochemically treating corn fiber hulls to hydrolyze and solubilize the hemicellulose and starch present in the corn fiber hulls to oligosaccharides. The residue may be extracted with a solvent to separate the oil from the corn fiber, leaving a solid residue that may be prepared, for instance by aggolmerating, and sold as a food additive or an animal feed.

Hydrodynamic Towing Evaluation of SSN-637 Class Short-Hull and Long-Hull Submarines with Modified Bows

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-05-01

long-hull SSN-637 class submarine with a trim of 6 ft (1.83 m) down by the stern vith Rudder Plate A and the moveable sternplanes at 25 dog trailing...TEU 25 TEU 25STEU 25 TEU 25 TEU 4 31.OS 21.05 (2.06)t 7 I32.05 20.0 S (51) 10-25S j______J 10.0s P - Porn S - Starboard Table 6. Horizontal towline...10 22.08 13.OS 14.OS (5.14) _______ ______ _________1________ P - Porn S - Starboard Table 10. Horizontal towline angles for a short-hull

Method and structure for skewed block-cyclic distribution of lower-dimensional data arrays in higher-dimensional processor grids

DOEpatents

Chatterjee, Siddhartha [Yorktown Heights, NY; Gunnels, John A [Brewster, NY

2011-11-08

A method and structure of distributing elements of an array of data in a computer memory to a specific processor of a multi-dimensional mesh of parallel processors includes designating a distribution of elements of at least a portion of the array to be executed by specific processors in the multi-dimensional mesh of parallel processors. The pattern of the designating includes a cyclical repetitive pattern of the parallel processor mesh, as modified to have a skew in at least one dimension so that both a row of data in the array and a column of data in the array map to respective contiguous groupings of the processors such that a dimension of the contiguous groupings is greater than one.

46 CFR 42.09-35 - Additional survey requirements for wood-hull vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Additional survey requirements for wood-hull vessels. 42.09-35 Section 42.09-35 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES... Additional survey requirements for wood-hull vessels. (a) In addition to the requirements in § 42.09-25, the...

46 CFR 42.09-35 - Additional survey requirements for wood-hull vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Additional survey requirements for wood-hull vessels. 42.09-35 Section 42.09-35 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES... Additional survey requirements for wood-hull vessels. (a) In addition to the requirements in § 42.09-25, the...

46 CFR 42.09-35 - Additional survey requirements for wood-hull vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Additional survey requirements for wood-hull vessels. 42.09-35 Section 42.09-35 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES... Additional survey requirements for wood-hull vessels. (a) In addition to the requirements in § 42.09-25, the...

46 CFR 42.09-35 - Additional survey requirements for wood-hull vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Additional survey requirements for wood-hull vessels. 42.09-35 Section 42.09-35 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES... Additional survey requirements for wood-hull vessels. (a) In addition to the requirements in § 42.09-25, the...

78 FR 40651 - Regulated Navigation Area; Special Buzzards Bay Vessel Regulation, Buzzards Bay, MA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-08

... regardless of whether those tank barges are single or double hull. Reporting and participation requirements..., equipment limitations), double hull tank barges laden with 5,000 or more barrels of oil or hazardous material may require a tug escort. Single-hull tank barges will continue to require tug escorts under all...

76 FR 16610 - Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; Pacific Islands Region Vessel and Gear...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-24

... deckhouse or hull, and on an appropriate weather deck. Vessels fishing in the Western and Central Pacific... must display their international radio call sign on both sides of the deckhouse or hull, and on an... fishing under the South Pacific Tuna Treaty must display their international radio call sign on the hull...

78 FR 19510 - Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Initiation of 5-Year Reviews of 56 Species in...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-01

... 52807; 08/08/ Josh Hull, U.S. Fish and 1980. Recovery Division Wildlife Service, Chief, 916-414.... (CA)....... 49 FR 45160; 11/15/ Josh Hull (above). bayensis. 1984. Butterfly, callippe silverspot.. Speyeria callippe Endangered........ U.S.A. (CA)....... 62 FR 64306; 12/05/ Josh Hull (above). callippe...

46 CFR 128.230 - Penetrations of hulls and watertight bulkheads-materials and pressure design.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Penetrations of hulls and watertight bulkheads-materials and pressure design. 128.230 Section 128.230 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELS MARINE ENGINEERING: EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS Materials and Pressure Design § 128.230 Penetrations of hulls and...

46 CFR 128.230 - Penetrations of hulls and watertight bulkheads-materials and pressure design.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Penetrations of hulls and watertight bulkheads-materials and pressure design. 128.230 Section 128.230 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELS MARINE ENGINEERING: EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS Materials and Pressure Design § 128.230 Penetrations of hulls and...

52. A VIEW OF W.J. MILLER SAWMILL, LOOKING WEST TO ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

52. A VIEW OF W.J. MILLER SAWMILL, LOOKING WEST TO EAST, AND SHOWING LOCATION OF BOILER HOUSE AND PLANER BUILDING BEFORE PLANER BUILDING AND BOILER HOUSE FOR HULL TO INCORPORATE INTO HIS SAWMILL COMPLETED IN 1939. PHOTOGRAPHER: UNKNOWN. DATE: 1934. COURTESY OF RALPH HULL. - Hull-Oakes Lumber Company, 23837 Dawson Road, Monroe, Benton County, OR

Effect of Length-Beam Ratio on the Aerodynamic Characteristics of Flying-Boat Hulls without Wing Interference

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lowry, John G.; Riebe, John M.

1948-01-01

Contains experimental results of an investigation of the aerodynamic characteristics of a family of flying boat hulls of length beam ratios 6, 9, 12, and 15 without wing interference. The results are compared with those taken on the same family of hulls in the presence of a wing.

46 CFR 42.09-35 - Additional survey requirements for wood-hull vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Additional survey requirements for wood-hull vessels. 42.09-35 Section 42.09-35 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) LOAD LINES... Additional survey requirements for wood-hull vessels. (a) In addition to the requirements in § 42.09-25, the...

Fermentation of oat and soybean hull hydrolysates into ethanol and xylitol by recombinant industrial strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae under diverse oxygen environments

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

In this study, we evaluated the capacity of recombinant industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae YRH 396 and YRH 400 strains to ferment sugars from oat hull and soybean hull hydrolysates into ethanol and xylitol. The strains were genetically modified by chromosomal integration of Pichia stipitis XYLI/XYL...

46 CFR 154.421 - Allowable stress.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Allowable stress. 154.421 Section 154.421 Shipping COAST... § 154.421 Allowable stress. The allowable stress for the integral tank structure must meet the American Bureau of Shipping's allowable stress for the vessel's hull published in “Rules for Building and Classing...

46 CFR 154.421 - Allowable stress.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Allowable stress. 154.421 Section 154.421 Shipping COAST... § 154.421 Allowable stress. The allowable stress for the integral tank structure must meet the American Bureau of Shipping's allowable stress for the vessel's hull published in “Rules for Building and Classing...

46 CFR 154.421 - Allowable stress.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Allowable stress. 154.421 Section 154.421 Shipping COAST... § 154.421 Allowable stress. The allowable stress for the integral tank structure must meet the American Bureau of Shipping's allowable stress for the vessel's hull published in “Rules for Building and Classing...

46 CFR 154.421 - Allowable stress.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Allowable stress. 154.421 Section 154.421 Shipping COAST... § 154.421 Allowable stress. The allowable stress for the integral tank structure must meet the American Bureau of Shipping's allowable stress for the vessel's hull published in “Rules for Building and Classing...

A STUDY OF THE FEASIBILITY OF UTILIZING SOLID WASTES FOR BUILDING MATERIALS. PHASE III AND IV SUMMARY REPORTS

EPA Science Inventory

This report summarizes work to develop building materials containing inorganic and organic wastes and wastes-derived products. Attempts were made to produce full-scale products and qualify them for structural applications. Particle board panels were made of peanut hulls and wood ...

46 CFR 116.340 - Alternate design considerations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Alternate design considerations. 116.340 Section 116.340 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS CARRYING MORE THAN 150 PASSENGERS OR WITH OVERNIGHT ACCOMMODATIONS FOR MORE THAN 49 PASSENGERS CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 116.340 Alternate...

46 CFR 116.340 - Alternate design considerations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Alternate design considerations. 116.340 Section 116.340 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS CARRYING MORE THAN 150 PASSENGERS OR WITH OVERNIGHT ACCOMMODATIONS FOR MORE THAN 49 PASSENGERS CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 116.340 Alternate...

46 CFR 177.330 - Sailing vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Sailing vessels. 177.330 Section 177.330 Shipping COAST...) CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 177.330 Sailing vessels. The design, materials, and construction of masts, posts, yards, booms, bowsprits, and standing rigging on a sailing vessel must be suitable...

46 CFR 177.330 - Sailing vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Sailing vessels. 177.330 Section 177.330 Shipping COAST...) CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT Hull Structure § 177.330 Sailing vessels. The design, materials, and construction of masts, posts, yards, booms, bowsprits, and standing rigging on a sailing vessel must be suitable...

46 CFR 116.330 - Sailing vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Sailing vessels. 116.330 Section 116.330 Shipping COAST... Structure § 116.330 Sailing vessels. The design, materials, and construction of masts, posts, yards, booms, bowsprits, and standing rigging on a sailing vessel must be suitable for the intended service. The hull...

46 CFR 169.313 - Means of escape.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Means of escape. 169.313 Section 169.313 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) NAUTICAL SCHOOLS SAILING SCHOOL VESSELS Construction and Arrangement Hull Structure § 169.313 Means of escape. (a) Except as provided by paragraph (f) of...

46 CFR 116.330 - Sailing vessels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Sailing vessels. 116.330 Section 116.330 Shipping COAST... Structure § 116.330 Sailing vessels. The design, materials, and construction of masts, posts, yards, booms, bowsprits, and standing rigging on a sailing vessel must be suitable for the intended service. The hull...

46 CFR 154.421 - Allowable stress.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Allowable stress. 154.421 Section 154.421 Shipping COAST... § 154.421 Allowable stress. The allowable stress for the integral tank structure must meet the American Bureau of Shipping's allowable stress for the vessel's hull published in “Rules for Building and Classing...

46 CFR 91.55-5 - Plans and specifications required for new construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... systems. (e) Marine engineering. For plans required for marine engineering equipment and systems, see... electrical engineering, equipment and systems, see subchapter J (Electrical Engineering) of this chapter. (g... bottoms, etc., and including inboard and outboard profile. (b) Hull structure. 1 (1) *Inner Bottom Plating...

32 CFR 728.4 - Policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... texture, configuration, or relationship of contiguous structures of any feature of the human body which... Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) or Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), use one of the symptoms of the disease as...

32 CFR 728.4 - Policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... texture, configuration, or relationship of contiguous structures of any feature of the human body which... Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) or Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), use one of the symptoms of the disease as...

Effects of membrane-filtered soy hull pectin and pre-emulsified fiber/oil on chemical and technological properties of low fat and low salt meat emulsions.

PubMed

Kim, Hyun-Wook; Lee, Yong Jae; Kim, Yuan H Brad

2016-06-01

The objectives of this study were to determine efficacy of a membrane filtration in soy hull pectin purification and evaluate combined effects of soy hull pectin and pre-emulsified fiber/oil (PE) on chemical composition and technological properties of low fat and low salt meat emulsions. Soy hull pectin was purified through two different methods (alcohol-washed (ASP) and membrane-filtered (MSP)). Insoluble soy hull residues after pectin extraction were incorporated with sunflower oil and water for the PE preparation. Meat emulsion was formulated with 58 % pork, 20 % ice, 20 % pork backfat, and 2 % NaCl as control. A total of six low fat and low salt meat emulsions (1 % NaCl and 10 % backfat) was manufactured with 1 % pectin (with/without ASP or MSP) and 10 % PE (with/without). The pectin content of ASP and MSP was 0.84 and 0.64 g L-galacturonic acid/g dry sample, respectively. The inclusion of soy hull pectin caused similar results on chemical composition, color, cooking loss, and texture of the meat emulsions, regardless of the purification method. In addition, positive impacts of the combined treatments with soy hull pectin and PE compared to single treatments on cooking loss and texture of the meat emulsions were observed. Results suggest that membrane filtration could be an effective alternative method to purify pectin, instead of alcohol-washing, and both soluble pectin and insoluble fiber from soy hulls could be used as a functional non-meat ingredient to manufacture various low fat and low salt meat products.

Aquatic burst locomotion by hydroplaning and paddling in common eiders (Somateria mollissima).

PubMed

Gough, William T; Farina, Stacy C; Fish, Frank E

2015-06-01

Common eiders (Somateria mollissima) are heavy sea-ducks that spend a large portion of their time swimming at the water surface. Surface swimming generates a bow and hull wave that can constructively interfere and produce wave drag. The speed at which the wavelengths of these waves equal the waterline length of the swimming animal is the hull speed. To increase surface swimming speed beyond the hull speed, an animal must overtake the bow wave. This study found two distinct behaviors that eider ducks used to exceed the hull speed: (1) 'steaming', which involved rapid oaring with the wings to propel the duck along the surface of the water, and (2) 'paddle-assisted flying', during which the ducks lifted their bodies out of the water and used their feet to paddle against the surface while flapping their wings in the air. An average hull speed (0.732±0.046 m s(-1)) was calculated for S. mollissima by measuring maximum waterline length from museum specimens. On average, steaming ducks swam 5.5 times faster and paddle-assisted flying ducks moved 6.8 times faster than the hull speed. During steaming, ducks exceeded the hull speed by increasing their body angle and generating dynamic lift to overcome wave drag and hydroplane along the water surface. During paddle-assisted flying, ducks kept their bodies out of the water, thereby avoiding the limitations of wave drag altogether. Both behaviors provided alternatives to flight for these ducks by allowing them to exceed the hull speed while staying at or near the water surface. © 2015. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.

Agricultural residues for cellulolytic enzyme production by Aspergillus niger: effects of pretreatment.

PubMed

Salihu, Aliyu; Abbas, Olagunju; Sallau, Abdullahi Balarabe; Alam, Md Zahangir

2015-12-01

Different agricultural residues were considered in this study for their ability to support cellulolytic enzyme production by Aspergillus niger. A total of eleven agricultural residues including finger millet hulls, sorghum hulls, soybean hulls, groundnut husk, banana peels, corn stalk, cassava peels, sugarcane bagasse, saw dust, rice straw and sheanut cake were subjected to three pretreatment (acid, alkali and oxidative) methods. All the residues supported the growth and production of cellulases by A. niger after 96 h of incubation. Maximum cellulase production was found in alkali-treated soybean hulls with CMCase, FPase and β-glucosidase yields of 9.91 ± 0.04, 6.20 ± 0.13 and 5.69 ± 0.29 U/g, respectively. Further studies in assessing the potential of soybean hulls are being considered to optimize the medium composition and process parameters for enhanced cellulase production.

Congruency effects in dot comparison tasks: convex hull is more important than dot area.

PubMed

Gilmore, Camilla; Cragg, Lucy; Hogan, Grace; Inglis, Matthew

2016-11-16

The dot comparison task, in which participants select the more numerous of two dot arrays, has become the predominant method of assessing Approximate Number System (ANS) acuity. Creation of the dot arrays requires the manipulation of visual characteristics, such as dot size and convex hull. For the task to provide a valid measure of ANS acuity, participants must ignore these characteristics and respond on the basis of number. Here, we report two experiments that explore the influence of dot area and convex hull on participants' accuracy on dot comparison tasks. We found that individuals' ability to ignore dot area information increases with age and display time. However, the influence of convex hull information remains stable across development and with additional time. This suggests that convex hull information is more difficult to inhibit when making judgements about numerosity and therefore it is crucial to control this when creating dot comparison tasks.

Lamb wave detection of limpet mines on ship hulls.

PubMed

Bingham, Jill; Hinders, Mark; Friedman, Adam

2009-12-01

This paper describes the use of ultrasonic guided waves for identifying the mass loading due to underwater limpet mines on ship hulls. The Dynamic Wavelet Fingerprint Technique (DFWT) is used to render the guided wave mode information in two-dimensional binary images because the waveform features of interest are too subtle to identify in time domain. The use of wavelets allows both time and scale features from the original signals to be retained, and image processing can be used to automatically extract features that correspond to the arrival times of the guided wave modes. For further understanding of how the guided wave modes propagate through the real structures, a parallel processing, 3D elastic wave simulation is developed using the finite integration technique (EFIT). This full field, technique models situations that are too complex for analytical solutions, such as built up 3D structures. The simulations have produced informative visualizations of the guided wave modes in the structures as well as mimicking directly the output from sensors placed in the simulation space for direct comparison to experiments. Results from both drydock and in-water experiments with dummy mines are also shown.

Hydrodynamic Response of a Composite Structure in an Arctic Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-06-01

the navy’s first ship constructed entirely of composite materials. The 24-meter long ship is built from carbon fiber reinforced epoxy. The ship is...allowed for repeatable experimentation. Strain gauges were attached to critical locations of the composite plate towed through the tank . Both plate...SUBJECT TERMS Tow Tank , Fluid Structure Interaction, FSI, Composite Material, E-Glass, ANSYS, Hull Shape, CFX, Arctic. 15. NUMBER OF PAGES 131

40 CFR 257.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... grease removed from a grease trap at a restaurant. Facility means all contiguous land and structures... such wastes. Municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) unit means a discrete area of land or an excavation...

40 CFR 257.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... grease removed from a grease trap at a restaurant. Facility means all contiguous land and structures... such wastes. Municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) unit means a discrete area of land or an excavation...

40 CFR 257.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... grease removed from a grease trap at a restaurant. Facility means all contiguous land and structures... such wastes. Municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) unit means a discrete area of land or an excavation...

Hull Form Design and Optimization Tool Development

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-07-01

global minimum. The algorithm accomplishes this by using a method known as metaheuristics which allows the algorithm to examine a large area by...further development of these tools including the implementation and testing of a new optimization algorithm , the improvement of a rapid hull form...under the 2012 Naval Research Enterprise Intern Program. 15. SUBJECT TERMS hydrodynamic, hull form, generation, optimization, algorithm

Effect of corn- and soybean hull-based creep feed and backgrounding diets on lifelong performance and carcass traits of calves from pasture and rangeland conditions

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Three separate studies were conducted to investigate the life-long effect of creep feeding, creep feeding energy source (soybean hulls, SC, or corn, CC) and interactive effects of creep feed with backgrounding dietary energy source (soybean hulls, SBR, or corn, CBR) on calf growth performance, carca...

76 FR 184 - Notice of Buy American Waiver Under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-03

... a system that is built into a vessel's hull to reduce rolling motion when operating at sea. DATES... vessel to periodically work well beyond the Arctic waters that the hull was initially optimized for. At that time, the design of the ARRV was fairly well advanced. Besides the addition of hull length to...

75 FR 39278 - Notice of Lodging of Consent Decree; Under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-08

... threatened release of hazardous substances at Nocatee Hull Creosote Superfund Site (the ``Site''). The Site... on the west side of Hull Avenue, a 35 acre portion of the adjacent ``Peace River Flood Plain Area'' to the west, and a 63 acre rural residential ``Oak Creek Area'' on the east side of Hull Avenue in...