Sample records for control budget study

  1. Managing health and finance: challenges, outcome, and control in the Israel Defense Forces.

    PubMed

    Hosiosky, Ilan; Weiss, Yossi; Magnezi, Racheli

    2007-11-01

    The Ministry of Defense budget constitutes 16% of the state budget. The budget for the Ministry of Health and for civilian health care is derived from the state budget. The health care funds receive their budgets from several sources. The capitation formula, which is determined by law, is the main factor that affects the size of the budget each fund receives. The objective of this study is to describe the manner of planning, managing, monitoring, and controlling the budget allocated to medical services, which is a public budget for soldiers. Several parameters are suggested for comparison, including the interface with the civilian health system, the method for budgeting a health care system, possible results of managing a medically centered budget, and the possibilities for monitoring the provided services. We also examine the potential for decentralization of authority. Managing the budget and locating appropriate alternatives, as well as the availability and accessibility of medical services, are important for procurement and for forming contracts with both military and civilian systems. Turnover based on updated information might serve to improve future health services.

  2. Uncertainty of water budget closure across the Long-Term Agroecosystems Research network

    USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

    Quantification of the various components of the hydrologic budget at a site (precipitation, evaporation, runoff,…) gives important indications about major and minor hydrologic processes controlling field and watershed scale response. The objectives of this study were to: 1) develop hydrologic budget...

  3. Water-budget methods

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Healy, Richard W.; Scanlon, Bridget R.

    2010-01-01

    A water budget is an accounting of water movement into and out of, and storage change within, some control volume. Universal and adaptable are adjectives that reflect key features of water-budget methods for estimating recharge. The universal concept of mass conservation of water implies that water-budget methods are applicable over any space and time scales (Healy et al., 2007). The water budget of a soil column in a laboratory can be studied at scales of millimeters and seconds. A water-budget equation is also an integral component of atmospheric general circulation models used to predict global climates over periods of decades or more. Water-budget equations can be easily customized by adding or removing terms to accurately portray the peculiarities of any hydrologic system. The equations are generally not bound by assumptions on mechanisms by which water moves into, through, and out of the control volume of interest. So water-budget methods can be used to estimate both diffuse and focused recharge, and recharge estimates are unaffected by phenomena such as preferential flow paths within the unsaturated zone.Water-budget methods represent the largest class of techniques for estimating recharge. Most hydrologic models are derived from a water-budget equation and can therefore be classified as water-budget models. It is not feasible to address all water-budget methods in a single chapter. This chapter is limited to discussion of the “residual” water-budget approach, whereby all variables in a water-budget equation, except for recharge, are independently measured or estimated and recharge is set equal to the residual. This chapter is closely linked with Chapter 3, on modeling methods, because the equations presented here form the basis of many models and because models are often used to estimate individual components in water-budget studies. Water budgets for streams and other surface-water bodies are addressed in Chapter 4. The use of soil-water budgets and lysimeters for determining potential recharge and evapotranspiration from changes in water storage is discussed in Chapter 5. Aquifer water-budget methods based on the measurement of groundwater levels are described in Chapter 6.

  4. 7 CFR 1940.350 - Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 13 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number....350 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. The collection of information requirements in this regulation has been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and has been assigned OMB...

  5. Outcome based state budget allocation for diabetes prevention programs using multi-criteria optimization with robust weights.

    PubMed

    Mehrotra, Sanjay; Kim, Kibaek

    2011-12-01

    We consider the problem of outcomes based budget allocations to chronic disease prevention programs across the United States (US) to achieve greater geographical healthcare equity. We use Diabetes Prevention and Control Programs (DPCP) by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as an example. We present a multi-criteria robust weighted sum model for such multi-criteria decision making in a group decision setting. The principal component analysis and an inverse linear programming techniques are presented and used to study the actual 2009 budget allocation by CDC. Our results show that the CDC budget allocation process for the DPCPs is not likely model based. In our empirical study, the relative weights for different prevalence and comorbidity factors and the corresponding budgets obtained under different weight regions are discussed. Parametric analysis suggests that money should be allocated to states to promote diabetes education and to increase patient-healthcare provider interactions to reduce disparity across the US.

  6. The effect of soft budget constraints on access and quality in hospital care.

    PubMed

    Shen, Yu-Chu; Eggleston, Karen

    2009-06-01

    Given an increasingly complex web of financial pressures on providers, studies have examined how hospitals' overall financial health affects different aspects of hospital operations. In our study, we develop an empirical proxy for the concept of soft budget constraint (SBC, Kornai, Kyklos 39:3-30, 1986) as an alternative financial measure of a hospital's overall financial health and offer an initial estimate of the effect of SBCs on hospital access and quality. An organization has a SBC if it can expect to be bailed out rather than shut down. Our conceptual model predicts that hospitals facing softer budget constraints will be associated with less aggressive cost control, and their quality may be better or worse, depending on the scope for damage to quality from noncontractible aspects of cost control. We find that hospitals with softer budget constraints are less likely to shut down safety net services. In addition, hospitals with softer budget constraints appear to have better mortality outcomes for elderly heart attack patients.

  7. Federal Budget: Spending Out of Control? Today's Issues/Tomorrow's America.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    U.S. News & World Report, Inc., Washington, DC. Education Div.

    Intended to provide secondary students with information on the federal budget, this kit provides a teacher's guide, a test, a crossword puzzle, and a series of reproducible graphs and handouts focusing on budget deficits and the national debt. Study materials and graphics are based almost entirely on articles and graphics found in "U.S. News…

  8. A Position and Rate Control System: An Ingredient for Budget Planning.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gilbert, Linda L.

    A position and rate control system was undertaken at Florida State University in 1974 to alleviate the problems of the manual budgeting system. The budget master file was created biweekly by combining a subset of the current payroll/personnel data base with the updated budget information from the previous budget master file, keying on positional…

  9. 2017 Outlook for Navy Shipbuilding

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-01-04

    Congressional Budget Office Presentation at the 2017 Defense Outlook Forum January 4, 2017 Eric J. Labs Senior Analyst for Naval Forces and Weapons...Appropriated Shipbuilding Budgets Under the Budget Control Act Billions of Dollars The dashed line indicates what the shipbuilding budget would have been...if it had equaled its historical share of the Department of Defense’s budget under the Budget Control Act. 5CO N GR ES S IO N A L B UDGE T O F F IC

  10. 33 CFR 273.17 - Annual budget request.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Annual budget request. 273.17... DEFENSE AQUATIC PLANT CONTROL § 273.17 Annual budget request. The Aquatic Plant Control Program is a... to utilize within the budget year taking into account the foreseeable availability of local funds to...

  11. Water Budgets: Foundations for Effective Water-Resources and Environmental Management

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Healy, Richard W.; Winter, Thomas C.; LaBaugh, James W.; Franke, O. Lehn

    2007-01-01

    INTRODUCTION Water budgets provide a means for evaluating availability and sustainability of a water supply. A water budget simply states that the rate of change in water stored in an area, such as a watershed, is balanced by the rate at which water flows into and out of the area. An understanding of water budgets and underlying hydrologic processes provides a foundation for effective water-resource and environmental planning and management. Observed changes in water budgets of an area over time can be used to assess the effects of climate variability and human activities on water resources. Comparison of water budgets from different areas allows the effects of factors such as geology, soils, vegetation, and land use on the hydrologic cycle to be quantified. Human activities affect the natural hydrologic cycle in many ways. Modifications of the land to accommodate agriculture, such as installation of drainage and irrigation systems, alter infiltration, runoff, evaporation, and plant transpiration rates. Buildings, roads, and parking lots in urban areas tend to increase runoff and decrease infiltration. Dams reduce flooding in many areas. Water budgets provide a basis for assessing how a natural or human-induced change in one part of the hydrologic cycle may affect other aspects of the cycle. This report provides an overview and qualitative description of water budgets as foundations for effective water-resources and environmental management of freshwater hydrologic systems. Perhaps of most interest to the hydrologic community, the concepts presented are also relevant to the fields of agriculture, atmospheric studies, meteorology, climatology, ecology, limnology, mining, water supply, flood control, reservoir management, wetland studies, pollution control, and other areas of science, society, and industry. The first part of the report describes water storage and movement in the atmosphere, on land surface, and in the subsurface, as well as water exchange among these compartments. Our ability to measure these phenomena and inherent uncertainties in measurement techniques also are discussed. The latter part of the report presents a number of case studies that illustrate how water-budget studies are conducted, documents how human activities affect water budgets, and describes how water budgets are used to address water and environmental issues.

  12. 14 CFR 11.201 - Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control numbers assigned under the Paperwork Reduction Act.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control numbers assigned under the Paperwork Reduction Act. 11.201 Section 11.201 Aeronautics and Space... PROCEDURES Paperwork Reduction Act Control Numbers § 11.201 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control...

  13. Lean Mean Times--Budgeting for School Media Technology.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Johnson, Doug

    1995-01-01

    Discusses budgeting strategies for school media technology programs. Highlights include sources for school funding, school district budget information, control of the budget, how to write an effective budget, working with other community and school groups, local politics, and sidebars that discuss spreadsheets and maintenance budgets. (LRW)

  14. Tradeoff between assessment and control of aquatic invasive species: A case study of sea lamprey management in the St. Marys River

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Robinson, Jason M.; Wilberg, Michael J.; Adams, Jean V.; Jones, Michael L.

    2016-01-01

    Allocating resources between the gathering of information to guide management actions and implementing those actions presents an inherent tradeoff. This tradeoff is evident for control of the Sea Lamprey Petromyzon marinus in the St. Marys River, connecting Lakes Huron and Superior and a major source of parasitic Sea Lampreys to Lake Huron and northern Lake Michigan. Larval Sea Lampreys in the St. Marys River are controlled through the application of Bayluscide, which is applied to areas of high larval density. Bayluscide applications are guided with an annual deepwater electrofishing survey to estimate larval Sea Lamprey density at relatively fine spatial scales. We took a resampling approach to describe the effect of sampling intensity on the success of the larval Sea Lamprey management program and explicitly incorporated the economic tradeoff between assessment and control efforts to maximize numbers of larvae killed in the St. Marys River. When no tradeoff between assessment and control was incorporated, increasing assessment always led to more larvae killed for the same treatment budget. When the tradeoff was incorporated, the sampling intensity that maximized the number of larvae killed depended on the overall budget available. Increased sampling intensities maximized effectiveness under medium to large budgets (US \\$0.4 to \\$2.0 million), and intermediate sampling intensities maximized effectiveness under low budgets. Sea Lamprey control actions based on assessment information outperformed those that were implemented with no assessment under all budget scenarios.

  15. Input-output analysis and the hospital budgeting process.

    PubMed Central

    Cleverly, W O

    1975-01-01

    Two hospitals budget systems, a conventional budget and an input-output budget, are compared to determine how they affect management decisions in pricing, output, planning, and cost control. Analysis of data from a 210-bed not-for-profit hospital indicates that adoption of the input-output budget could cause substantial changes in posted hospital rates in individual departments but probably would have no impact on hospital output determination. The input-output approach promises to be a more accurate system for cost control and planning because, unlike the conventional approach, it generates objective signals for investigating variances of expenses from budgeted levels. PMID:1205865

  16. West German Military Modernization Goals, Resources, and Conventional Arms Control

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1991-01-01

    34 sponsored by the U.S. Air Force’s Deputy Chief of Staff for Plans and Operations. These projects were performed jointly under the National Security Studies...aggregate German defense budgets under a first-stage CFE agreement are assumed to remain flat in real terms. (This probably overstates budget levels... under CFE assumptions. A CFE agreement reduces defense budget shortfalls from 19 percent (the estimated middle-case figure in the absence of arms

  17. The Miracle of Money! Managing LRC Budgets, Funds and Fund Raising.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    McLaren, M. Bruce

    1994-01-01

    Describes the management of a learning resource center (LRC) budget. Topics discussed include controlling a budget, keeping records, managing grants, managing petty cash, responding to unexpected expenses, managing capital outlay dollars, managing insurance, balancing budgets, budget stretching strategies, and fund raising. (JLB)

  18. Use of Sediment Budgets for Watershed Erosion Control Planning: A Case Study From Northern California

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    O'Connor, M.; McDavitt, W.

    2002-05-01

    Erosion, sedimentation and peak flow increases caused by forest management for commercial timber production may negatively affect aquatic habitat of endangered anadromous fish such as coho salmon ({\\ it O. kisutch}). This paper summarizes a portion of a Watershed Analysis study performed for Pacific Lumber Company, Scotia, CA, focusing on erosion and sedimentation processes and rates and downstream sediment routing and water quality in the Freshwater Creek watershed in northwest California. Hillslope, road and bank erosion, channel sedimentation and sediment rates were quantified using field surveys, aerial photo interpretation, and empirical modeling approaches for different elements of the study. Sediment transport rates for bedload were modeled, and sediment transport rates for suspended sediment were estimated based on size distribution of sediment inputs in relation to sizes transported in suspension. The resulting sediment budget was validated through comparison using recent short-term, high-quality estimates of suspended sediment yield collected by a community watershed group at a downstream monitoring site with technical assistance from the US Forest Service. Another check on the sediment budget was provided by bedload yield data from an adjacent watershed, Jacoby Creek. The sediment budget techniques and bedload routing models used for this study provide sediment yield estimates that are in good agreement with available data. These results suggest that sediment budget techniques that require moderate levels of fieldwork can be used to provide relatively accurate technical assessments for use in the TMDL process. The sediment budget also identifies the most significant sediment sources and suggests a framework within which effective erosion control strategies can be developed.

  19. Tree hazard control on recreation sites...estimating local budgets

    Treesearch

    Lee A. Paine

    1967-01-01

    Tree hazard control efforts on recreation sites are subject to budget and administrative restrictions. To make the most effective use of available control funds, priorities should be assigned to various classes of tree defects and a budget set up. With the method provided, local priorities are based on cost effectiveness. Some guide lines and a worksheet for planning a...

  20. Optimal control of information epidemics modeled as Maki Thompson rumors

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kandhway, Kundan; Kuri, Joy

    2014-12-01

    We model the spread of information in a homogeneously mixed population using the Maki Thompson rumor model. We formulate an optimal control problem, from the perspective of single campaigner, to maximize the spread of information when the campaign budget is fixed. Control signals, such as advertising in the mass media, attempt to convert ignorants and stiflers into spreaders. We show the existence of a solution to the optimal control problem when the campaigning incurs non-linear costs under the isoperimetric budget constraint. The solution employs Pontryagin's Minimum Principle and a modified version of forward backward sweep technique for numerical computation to accommodate the isoperimetric budget constraint. The techniques developed in this paper are general and can be applied to similar optimal control problems in other areas. We have allowed the spreading rate of the information epidemic to vary over the campaign duration to model practical situations when the interest level of the population in the subject of the campaign changes with time. The shape of the optimal control signal is studied for different model parameters and spreading rate profiles. We have also studied the variation of the optimal campaigning costs with respect to various model parameters. Results indicate that, for some model parameters, significant improvements can be achieved by the optimal strategy compared to the static control strategy. The static strategy respects the same budget constraint as the optimal strategy and has a constant value throughout the campaign horizon. This work finds application in election and social awareness campaigns, product advertising, movie promotion and crowdfunding campaigns.

  1. Personalization in the health care system: do personal health budgets have an impact on outcomes and cost?

    PubMed

    Jones, Karen; Forder, Julien; Caiels, James; Welch, Elizabeth; Glendinning, Caroline; Windle, Karen

    2013-10-01

    In England's National Health Service, personal health budgets are part of a growing trend to give patients more choice and control over how health care services are managed and delivered. The personal health budget programme was launched by the Department of Health in 2009, and a three-year independent evaluation was commissioned with the aim of identifying whether the initiative ensured better health- and care-related outcomes and at what cost when compared to conventional service delivery. The evaluation used a pragmatic controlled trial design to compare the outcomes and costs of patients selected to receive a personal health budget with those continuing with conventional support arrangements (control group). Just over 1000 individuals were recruited into the personal health budget group and 1000 into the control group in order to ensure sufficient statistical power, and followed for 12 months. The use of personal health budgets was associated with significant improvement in patients' care-related quality of life and psychological wellbeing at 12 months. Personal health budgets did not appear to have an impact on health status, mortality rates, health-related quality of life or costs over the same period. With net benefits measured in terms of care-related quality of life on the adult social care outcome toolkit measure, personal health budgets were cost-effective: that is, budget holders experienced greater benefits than people receiving conventional services, and the budgets were worth the cost. The evaluation provides support for the planned wider roll-out of personal health budgets in the English NHS after 2014 in so far as the localities in the pilot sample are representative of the whole country.

  2. Budget Impact Analysis of Veterans Affairs Medical Foster Homes versus Community Living Centers.

    PubMed

    Sutton, Bryce S; Pracht, Étienne; Williams, Arthur R; Alemi, Farrokh; Williams, Allison E; Levy, Cari

    2017-02-01

    The objectives were to determine whether and by what amounts the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) use of Medical Foster Homes (MFH) rather than Community Living Centers (CLC) reduced budget impacts to the VA. This was a retrospective, matched, case-control study of veterans residing in MFH or CLC in the VA health care system from 2008 to 2012. Administrative data sets, nearest neighbor matching, generalized linear models, and a secondary analysis were used to capture and analyze budget impacts by veterans who used MFH or CLC exclusively in 2008-2012. Controls of 1483 veterans in CLC were matched to 203 cases of veterans in MFH. Use of MFH instead of CLC reduced budget impacts to the VA by at least $2645 per veteran per month. A secondary analysis of the data using different matching criteria and statistical methods produced similar results, demonstrating the robustness of the estimates of budget impact. When the average out-of-pocket payments made by MFH residents, not made by CLC residents, were included in the analysis, the net reduction of budget impact ranged from $145 to $2814 per veteran per month or a savings of $1740 to $33,768 per veteran per year. Even though outpatient costs of MFH are higher, much of the reduced budget impact of MFH use arises from lower inpatient or hospital costs. Reduced budget impacts on the VA system indicate that expansion of the MFH program may be cost-effective. Implications for further research are suggested.

  3. 75 FR 6677 - Information Collection Request to Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Number: 1625-0086

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-02-10

    ... Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Number: 1625-0086 AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Sixty... Management and Budget (OMB) requesting an extension of its approval for the following collection of... following means: (1) Online: http://www.regulations.gov . [[Page 6678

  4. 33 CFR 273.17 - Annual budget request.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Annual budget request. 273.17 Section 273.17 Navigation and Navigable Waters CORPS OF ENGINEERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AQUATIC PLANT CONTROL § 273.17 Annual budget request. The Aquatic Plant Control Program is a...

  5. 78 FR 7418 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission to the Office of Management and Budget for...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-02-01

    ...; Submission to the Office of Management and Budget for Review and Approval; Comment Request; High School... Maintenance AGENCY: Department of Education (ED), Institute of Education Sciences. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: In... (HSLS:09) High School Transcript and 2013 Update Full Scale Study and Panel Maintenance. OMB Control...

  6. 75 FR 57809 - Information Collection Request to Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Numbers: 1625-0002...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-09-22

    ... Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Numbers: 1625-0002, 1625-0017, 1625-0019, and 1625- 0030... (ICRs) and Analyses to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) requesting an extension of its approval..., Waiver, and Continuous Synopsis Record; (2) 1625-0017, Various International Agreement Safety...

  7. 75 FR 10297 - Information Collection Request to Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Numbers: 1625-0056

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-05

    ... Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Numbers: 1625-0056 AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Sixty... of Management and Budget (OMB) requesting an extension of its approval for the following collection... . (2) Mail: Docket Management Facility (DMF) (M-30), U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), West...

  8. 75 FR 39700 - Information Collection Request to Office of Management and Budget; OMB; Control Number: 1625-New

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-07-12

    ... Office of Management and Budget; OMB; Control Number: 1625-New AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Sixty... of Management and Budget (OMB) requesting an approval for the following collection of information... the following means: (1) Online: http://www.regulations.gov . (2) Mail: Docket Management Facility...

  9. Associations between national tuberculosis program budgets and tuberculosis outcomes: an ecological study.

    PubMed

    Chapple, Will; Katz, Alan Roy; Li, Dongmei

    2012-01-01

    The objective of this study is to explore the associations between national tuberculosis program (NTP) budget allocation and tuberculosis related outcomes in the World Health Organization's 22 high burden countries from 2007-2009. This ecological study used mixed effects and generalized estimating equation models to identify independent associations between NTP budget allocations and various tuberculosis related outcomes. Models were adjusted for a number of independent variables previously noted to be associated with tuberculosis incidence. Increasing the percent of the NTP budget for advocacy, communication and social mobilization was associated with an increase in the case detection rate. Increasing TB-HIV funding was associated with an increase in HIV testing among TB patients. Increasing the percent of the population covered by the Directly Observed Therapy (DOT) program was associated with an increase in drug susceptibility testing. Laboratory funding was positively associated with tuberculosis notification. Increasing the budgets for first line drugs, management and multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) was associated with a decrease in smear positive deaths. Effective TB control is a complex and multifaceted challenge. This study revealed a number of budget allocation related factors associated with improved TB outcome parameters. If confirmed with future longitudinal studies, these findings could help guide NTP managers with allocation decisions.

  10. Associations between national tuberculosis program budgets and tuberculosis outcomes: an ecological study

    PubMed Central

    Chapple, Will; Katz, Alan Roy; Li, Dongmei

    2012-01-01

    Introduction The objective of this study is to explore the associations between national tuberculosis program (NTP) budget allocation and tuberculosis related outcomes in the World Health Organization's 22 high burden countries from 2007–2009. Methods This ecological study used mixed effects and generalized estimating equation models to identify independent associations between NTP budget allocations and various tuberculosis related outcomes. Models were adjusted for a number of independent variables previously noted to be associated with tuberculosis incidence. Results Increasing the percent of the NTP budget for advocacy, communication and social mobilization was associated with an increase in the case detection rate. Increasing TB-HIV funding was associated with an increase in HIV testing among TB patients. Increasing the percent of the population covered by the Directly Observed Therapy (DOT) program was associated with an increase in drug susceptibility testing. Laboratory funding was positively associated with tuberculosis notification. Increasing the budgets for first line drugs, management and multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) was associated with a decrease in smear positive deaths. Conclusion Effective TB control is a complex and multifaceted challenge. This study revealed a number of budget allocation related factors associated with improved TB outcome parameters. If confirmed with future longitudinal studies, these findings could help guide NTP managers with allocation decisions. PMID:23024825

  11. Hospital response to a global budget program under universal health insurance in Taiwan.

    PubMed

    Cheng, Shou-Hsia; Chen, Chi-Chen; Chang, Wei-Ling

    2009-10-01

    Global budget programs are utilized in many countries to control soaring healthcare expenditures. The present study was designed to evaluate the responses of Taiwanese hospitals to a new global budget program implemented in 2002. Using data obtained from the Bureau of National Health Insurance (NHI) and two nationwide surveys conducted before and after the global budget program, changes in the length of stay, treatment intensity, insurance claims, and out-of-pocket fees were compared in 2002 and 2004. The analysis was conducted using the Generalized Estimating Equations (GEEs) method. Regression models revealed that implementation of the global budget was followed by a 7% increase in length of stay and a 15% increase in the number of prescribed procedures and medications per admission. The claim expenses increased by 14%, and out-of-pocket fees per admission increased by 6%. Among the hospitals, no coalition action was found during the study period. In the present study, it appears that hospitals attempted to increase per-case expense claims to protect their reimbursement from possible discounts under a global budget cap. How Taiwanese hospitals respond to this challenge in the future deserves continued, long-term observation.

  12. 20 CFR 653.112 - State agency program budget plans.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false State agency program budget plans. 653.112... State agency program budget plans. (a) Each State agency, in its annual program budget plan, shall... and Budget under control number 1205-0039) (Pub. L. No. 96-511, 94 Stat. 2812 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq...

  13. 15 CFR 30.63 - Office of Management and Budget control numbers assigned pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Office of Management and Budget control numbers assigned pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act. 30.63 Section 30.63 Commerce and Foreign... FOREIGN TRADE REGULATIONS General Administrative Provisions § 30.63 Office of Management and Budget...

  14. 76 FR 5817 - Collection of Information Under Review by Office of Management and Budget: OMB Control Number...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-02-02

    ... Review by Office of Management and Budget: OMB Control Number: 1625-0008 AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION..., Office of Management and Budget (OMB), Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA), requesting... by Coast Guard docket number [USCG-2010-0978] to the Docket Management Facility (DMF) at the U.S...

  15. 76 FR 27074 - Collection of Information Under Review by Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Number...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-10

    ... Review by Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Number: 1625-0106 AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION... Office of Management and Budget (OMB), Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA), requesting...-0087] to the Docket Management Facility (DMF) at the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) and/or to...

  16. 76 FR 8764 - Collection of Information Under Review by Office of Management and Budget: OMB Control Number...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-02-15

    ... Review by Office of Management and Budget: OMB Control Number: 1625-0073 AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION..., Office of Management and Budget (OMB), Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA), requesting an... comments identified by Coast Guard docket number [USCG-2010-0981] to the Docket Management Facility (DMF...

  17. 76 FR 27071 - Collection of Information Under Review by Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Number...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-10

    ... Review by Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Number: 1625-0003 AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION... Office of Management and Budget (OMB), Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA), requesting... the Docket Management Facility (DMF) at the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) and/or to OIRA. To...

  18. 5 CFR 1320.17 - Information collection budget.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Information collection budget. 1320.17 Section 1320.17 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET OMB DIRECTIVES CONTROLLING PAPERWORK BURDENS ON THE PUBLIC § 1320.17 Information collection budget. Each agency's Senior Official, or...

  19. Budgeting in Tertiary Educational Institutions: An Analysis.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Shand, D. A.

    1982-01-01

    Administrators should examine the role and limitations of their budgeting systems and consider overemphasis on control of spending rather than efficiency or effectiveness, limitations on cash-based budgeting, need for information on operating costs, and the short range and fragmented nature of most budgets. (MSE)

  20. Budget Issues: Effects of the Fiscal Year 1990 Sequester on the Department of Education. Fact Sheet for the Chairman, Committee on the Budget, House of Representatives.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    General Accounting Office, Washington, DC.

    The Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, as amended, establishes deficit targets to lead to a balanced unified budget by fiscal year 1993. If the Office of Management and Budget projects a deficit in excess of the target amount plus $10 billion, the President must issue a sequester order to reduce budget resources…

  1. Optimal dynamic control of invasions: applying a systematic conservation approach.

    PubMed

    Adams, Vanessa M; Setterfield, Samantha A

    2015-06-01

    The social, economic, and environmental impacts of invasive plants are well recognized. However, these variable impacts are rarely accounted for in the spatial prioritization of funding for weed management. We examine how current spatially explicit prioritization methods can be extended to identify optimal budget allocations to both eradication and control measures of invasive species to minimize the costs and likelihood of invasion. Our framework extends recent approaches to systematic prioritization of weed management to account for multiple values that are threatened by weed invasions with a multi-year dynamic prioritization approach. We apply our method to the northern portion of the Daly catchment in the Northern Territory, which has significant conservation values that are threatened by gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus), a highly invasive species recognized by the Australian government as a Weed of National Significance (WONS). We interface Marxan, a widely applied conservation planning tool, with a dynamic biophysical model of gamba grass to optimally allocate funds to eradication and control programs under two budget scenarios comparing maximizing gain (MaxGain) and minimizing loss (MinLoss) optimization approaches. The prioritizations support previous findings that a MinLoss approach is a better strategy when threats are more spatially variable than conservation values. Over a 10-year simulation period, we find that a MinLoss approach reduces future infestations by ~8% compared to MaxGain in the constrained budget scenarios and ~12% in the unlimited budget scenarios. We find that due to the extensive current invasion and rapid rate of spread, allocating the annual budget to control efforts is more efficient than funding eradication efforts when there is a constrained budget. Under a constrained budget, applying the most efficient optimization scenario (control, minloss) reduces spread by ~27% compared to no control. Conversely, if the budget is unlimited it is more efficient to fund eradication efforts and reduces spread by ~65% compared to no control.

  2. Cost containment for the public health.

    PubMed

    Eastaugh, Steven R

    2006-01-01

    The U.S. health care system has major problems with respect to patient access and cost control. Trimming excess hospital expenses and expanding public health activities are cost effective. By budgeting well, with global budgets set for the high cost sectors, the United States might emerge with lower tax hikes, a healthier population, better facilities, and enhanced access to service. Nations with global budgets have better health statistics, and lower costs, compared to the United States. With global budgets, these countries employ 75 to 85 percent fewer employees in administration and regulation, but patient satisfaction is almost double the rate in the United States. Implement a global budget for health care, or substantially raise taxes, is the basic choice faced in this country. Key words: global budget control cost containment.

  3. 25 CFR 41.12 - Annual budget.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Annual budget. 41.12 Section 41.12 Indians BUREAU OF... NAVAJO COMMUNITY COLLEGE Tribally Controlled Community Colleges § 41.12 Annual budget. Appropriations... identified in the Bureau of Indian Affairs Budget Justification. Funds appropriated for grants under this...

  4. Consequences of dramatic reductions in state tobacco control funds: Florida, 1998-2000.

    PubMed

    Niederdeppe, J; Farrelly, M C; Hersey, J C; Davis, K C

    2008-06-01

    This study assessed whether dramatic funding reductions to the Florida Tobacco Control Program (FTCP) influenced trends in recall of the Florida "truth" anti-smoking media campaign, anti-industry attitudes and non-smoking intentions among Florida teens. We used an interrupted time series technique to test for differences in the rates of change in Florida "truth" recall, anti-industry beliefs and non-smoking intentions before and after the FTCP budget cuts using the Florida Anti-tobacco Media Evaluation (FAME) survey, a repeated cross-sectional telephone survey of Florida teens. Recall of the Florida "truth" anti-smoking campaign, anti-industry attitudes, and non-smoking intentions increased dramatically between April 1998 and May 1999. Florida "truth" recall declined after FTCP budget cuts in June 1999. Anti-industry beliefs and non-smoking intentions plateaued or began to decline after the budget cuts. The launch of the national "truth" campaign in February 2000 may have offset otherwise deleterious effects of the budget cuts on anti-industry beliefs, but not smoking intentions. Reductions in tobacco control funding have immediate effects on programme exposure and cognitive precursors to smoking initiation. There is a critical need to maintain and enhance funding for state tobacco control programmes to continue nationwide progress in preventing youth from initiating cigarette smoking.

  5. Budgeting-Based Organization of Internal Control

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Rogulenko, Tatiana; Ponomareva, Svetlana; Bodiaco, Anna; Mironenko, Valentina; Zelenov, Vladimir

    2016-01-01

    The article suggests methodical approaches to the budgeting-based organization of internal control, determines the tasks and subtasks of control that consist in the construction of an efficient system for the making, implementation, control, and analysis of managerial decisions. The organization of responsibility centers by means of implementing…

  6. 40 CFR 60.4140 - State trading budgets.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false State trading budgets. 60.4140 Section... Electric Steam Generating Units Hg Allowance Allocations § 60.4140 State trading budgets. The State trading budgets for annual allocations of Hg allowances for the control periods in 2010 through 2017 and in 2018...

  7. 78 FR 22560 - OMB Final Sequestration Report to the President and Congress for Fiscal Year 2013

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-16

    ... OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET OMB Final Sequestration Report to the President and Congress for Fiscal Year 2013 AGENCY: Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget. ACTION.... SUMMARY: Public Law 112-25, the Budget Control Act of 2011 amended the Balanced Budget and Emergency...

  8. An Examination of Controlled School Corporations.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wood, R. Craig; Dawson, Brian K.

    This comparative study examines the functioning of Indiana school districts that are placed under control of the state school property tax review board for the purpose of emergency relief. The study sought to determine the fiscal status on selected criteria of seven such "controlled school corporations" (CSCs) for the 1985 budget year by…

  9. Budgeting in Nonprofit Organizations.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kelly, Lauren

    1985-01-01

    This description of the role of budgets in nonprofit organizations uses libraries as an example. Four types of budgets--legislative, management, cash, and capital--are critiqued in terms of cost effectiveness, implementation, and facilitation of organizational control and objectives. (CLB)

  10. 77 FR 51831 - OMB Sequestration Update Report to the President and Congress for Fiscal Year 2013

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-27

    ... OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET OMB Sequestration Update Report to the President and Congress for Fiscal Year 2013 AGENCY: Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget. ACTION.... SUMMARY: Public Law 112-25, the Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA, ``the Act'') amended the Balanced Budget...

  11. Pressures on DoD’s Budget Over the Next Decade

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-11-16

    Congressional Budget Office Pressures on DoD’s Budget Over the Next Decade Presentation at the Professional Services Council 2016 Vision Federal...E Outline • Fiscal Situation • Implications of Budget Control Act • Internal Pressures on DoD’s Budget 2C O N G R E S S I O N A L B U D G E T O F F...I C E Deficits or Surpluses Under CBO’s Baseline for FY 2016 CBO’s Baseline Projection Source: Congressional Budget Office, An Update to the

  12. The impact of physician-level drug budgets on prescribing behavior.

    PubMed

    Fischer, Katharina Elisabeth; Koch, Taika; Kostev, Karel; Stargardt, Tom

    2018-03-01

    To contain pharmaceutical spending, drug budgets have been introduced across health systems. Apart from analyzing whether drug budgets fulfill their overall goal of reducing spending, changes in the cost and quality of prescribing and the enforcement mechanisms put in place need evaluation to assess the effectiveness of drug budgets at the physician level. In this study, we aim to analyze the cost and quality of prescribing conditional on the level of utilization of the drug budget and in view of varying levels of enforcement in cases of overspending. We observed drug budget utilization in a panel of 440 physicians in three federal states of Germany from 2005 to 2011. At the physician level, we retrospectively calculated drug budgets, the level of drug budget utilization, and differentiated by varying levels of enforcement where physicians overspent their budgets (i.e., more than 115/125% of the drug budget). Using lagged dependent-variable regression models, we analyzed whether the level of drug budget utilization in the previous year affected current prescribing in terms of various indicators to describe the cost and quality of prescribing. We controlled for patient and physician characteristics. The mean drug budget utilization is 92.3%. The level of drug budget utilization influences selected dimensions of cost and quality of prescribing (i.e., generic share (estimate 0.000215; p = 0.0246), concentration of generic brands (estimate 0.000585; p = 0.0056) and therapeutic substances (estimate -0.000060; p < 0.0001) and the share of potentially inappropriate medicines in the elderly (estimate 0.001; p < 0.0001)), whereas the level of enforcement does not. Physicians seem to gradually adjust their prescription patterns, especially in terms of generic substitution.

  13. LABCON - Laboratory Job Control program

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Reams, L. T.

    1969-01-01

    Computer program LABCON controls the budget system in a component test laboratory whose workload is made up from many individual budget allocations. A common denominator is applied to an incoming job, to which all effort is charged and accounted for.

  14. The design, analysis, and testing of a low-budget wind-tunnel flutter model with active aerodynamic controls

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bolding, R. M.; Stearman, R. O.

    1976-01-01

    A low budget flutter model incorporating active aerodynamic controls for flutter suppression studies was designed as both an educational and research tool to study the interfering lifting surface flutter phenomenon in the form of a swept wing-tail configuration. A flutter suppression mechanism was demonstrated on a simple semirigid three-degree-of-freedom flutter model of this configuration employing an active stabilator control, and was then verified analytically using a doublet lattice lifting surface code and the model's measured mass, mode shapes, and frequencies in a flutter analysis. Preliminary studies were significantly encouraging to extend the analysis to the larger degree of freedom AFFDL wing-tail flutter model where additional analytical flutter suppression studies indicated significant gains in flutter margins could be achieved. The analytical and experimental design of a flutter suppression system for the AFFDL model is presented along with the results of a preliminary passive flutter test.

  15. Federal R&D Funding: Trends and Projections

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    White, K. S.

    2014-12-01

    Between sequestration, shutdowns, and budget "cliffs," the federal budget process has experienced many challenges in recent years. Budgets for research and development (R&D) have mirrored these larger fiscal constraints. Over the past decade, many agencies and programs have seen flat or declining budgets, particularly when inflation is considered. This talk will examine recent geoscience R&D funding in the historical context and examine projections of future science funding in the framework of the Budget Control Act and other initiatives.

  16. AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome): Views on the Administration’s Fiscal Year 1989 Public Health Service Budget

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1988-06-01

    200,000 for the CenterE for Disease Control (CDC) to study AIDS. For fiscal year 1989, the proposed federal PHS budget increased to $1.3 billion for...to educate the public, $40( million (31 percent); -- epidemiological studies and surveillance to understand and track the spread of the disease , $229...potential impact of the AIDS epidemic. Investing in prevention now can help contain the direct and indirect costs of the disease in the future. As it

  17. Hydrologic budgets across the Long-Term Agroecosystems Research network

    USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

    Quantification of the components of the hydrologic budget at a site (precipitation, evaporation, runoff,…) gives important indications about major and minor hydrologic processes controlling field and watershed scale response. Hydrologic budgets are needed prior to assessment of potential changes att...

  18. Contamination control plan for prelaunch operations

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Austin, J. D.

    1983-01-01

    A unified, systematic plan is presented for contamination control for space flight systems. Allowable contaminant quantities, or contamination budgets, are determined based on system performance margins and system-level allowable degradations. These contamination budgets are compared to contamination rates in ground environments to establish the controls required in each ground environment. The use of feedback from contamination monitoring and some contamination control procedures are discussed.

  19. National Drug Control Strategy. FY 2009 Budget Summary

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    The White House, 2008

    2008-01-01

    The National Drug Control Budget Summary identifies resources and performance indicators for programs within the Executive Branch that are integral to the President's National Drug Control Strategy. The Strategy, which is the Administration's plan for reducing drug use and availability, is based on three pillars: (1) Stopping Use Before It Starts,…

  20. Fact Sheet: Selected Highlights of the FY2017 Military Construction Appropriations Bills

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-08-18

    heavily influenced by the statutorily mandated discretionary spending caps established by P.L. 114-74, the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 (BBA). A...established by the Budget Control Act (BCA) of 2011 (P.L. 112-25). New budget authority (funding not previously appropriated) for military...Military Construction and Family Housing New Budget Authority ................................ 3 Tables Table 1. Summary Military Construction

  1. 76 FR 57771 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-16

    ... Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'') has submitted to the Office of Management and Budget... display a valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. Background documentation for this... Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, Room 10102, New Executive Office Building, Washington...

  2. 76 FR 75921 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-05

    ... Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'') has submitted to the Office of Management and Budget... of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. The public may view the background documentation for... Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, Room 10102, New Executive Office Building, Washington...

  3. Predictors of School Garden Integration: Factors Critical to Gardening Success in New York City.

    PubMed

    Burt, Kate Gardner; Burgermaster, Marissa; Jacquez, Raquel

    2018-03-01

    The purpose of this study was to determine the level of integration of school gardens and identify factors that predict integration. 211 New York City schools completed a survey that collected demographic information and utilized the School Garden Integration Scale. A mean garden integration score was calculated, and multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine independent predictors of integration and assess relationships between individual integration characteristics and budget. The average integration score was 34.1 (of 57 points) and ranged from 8 to 53. Operating budget had significant influence on integration score, controlling for all other factors ( p < .0001). Partner organizations, evaluation/feedback, planning the physical space, and characteristics of the physical space were positively and significantly related to budget. The results of this study indicate that any garden can become well integrated, as budget is a modifiable factor. When adequate funding is secured, a well-integrated garden may be established with proper planning and sound implementation.

  4. 49 CFR 256.11 - Applications.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... accordance with appendix M of Office of Management and Budget Circular A-102, applicants shall use the pre... appendix M of Office of Management and Budget Circular A-102. Applicants shall include under Part IV... of Management and Budget Circular A-102, adequate procedures for financial control, accounting, and...

  5. 77 FR 36019 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-06-15

    ... Securities and Exchange Commission (``Commission'') has submitted to the Office of Management and Budget a... Management and Budget (OMB) control number. The public may view the background documentation for this... of Management and Budget, Room 10102, New Executive Office Building, Washington, DC 20503, or by...

  6. 27 CFR 44.142 - Records.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... cigarettes); (d) Name of manufacturer and brand; and, (e) Quantity of tobacco products, cigarette papers and... appropriate TTB officer upon request. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number... papers and tubes”, and by revising the Office of Management and Budget control number reference...

  7. 76 FR 5815 - Information Collection Request to Office of Management and Budget

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-02-02

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard [USCG-2011-0016; OMB Control numbers: 1625-0005, 1625-0024, 1625-0036 and 1625-0061] Information Collection Request to Office of Management and Budget AGENCY... (ICRs) to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA...

  8. Programming, budgeting, and control in health care organization: the state of the art.

    PubMed Central

    Vraciu, R A

    1979-01-01

    The planning, budgeting, and controlling processes (PBCP) largely subsume all of the planning and controlling activities of an organization. This paper discusses these activities within the context of a single management control system, focusing on three topics. First, a brief historical perspective of management concerns which relate to PBCP is presented and several important external pressures currently imposed on the health care industry are discussed. Second, normative models of the processes--programming, budgeting, and controlling--are presented. The discussion focuses on the elements and relationships of these processes, and numerous references to the literature are provided. Third, several issues related to the gap between the state of the art in PBCP for hospitals and the current state of practice are discussed. PMID:116990

  9. General Tool for Evaluating High-Contrast Coronagraphic Telescope Performance Error Budgets

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Marchen, Luis F.

    2011-01-01

    The Coronagraph Performance Error Budget (CPEB) tool automates many of the key steps required to evaluate the scattered starlight contrast in the dark hole of a space-based coronagraph. The tool uses a Code V prescription of the optical train, and uses MATLAB programs to call ray-trace code that generates linear beam-walk and aberration sensitivity matrices for motions of the optical elements and line-of-sight pointing, with and without controlled fine-steering mirrors (FSMs). The sensitivity matrices are imported by macros into Excel 2007, where the error budget is evaluated. The user specifies the particular optics of interest, and chooses the quality of each optic from a predefined set of PSDs. The spreadsheet creates a nominal set of thermal and jitter motions, and combines that with the sensitivity matrices to generate an error budget for the system. CPEB also contains a combination of form and ActiveX controls with Visual Basic for Applications code to allow for user interaction in which the user can perform trade studies such as changing engineering requirements, and identifying and isolating stringent requirements. It contains summary tables and graphics that can be instantly used for reporting results in view graphs. The entire process to obtain a coronagraphic telescope performance error budget has been automated into three stages: conversion of optical prescription from Zemax or Code V to MACOS (in-house optical modeling and analysis tool), a linear models process, and an error budget tool process. The first process was improved by developing a MATLAB package based on the Class Constructor Method with a number of user-defined functions that allow the user to modify the MACOS optical prescription. The second process was modified by creating a MATLAB package that contains user-defined functions that automate the process. The user interfaces with the process by utilizing an initialization file where the user defines the parameters of the linear model computations. Other than this, the process is fully automated. The third process was developed based on the Terrestrial Planet Finder coronagraph Error Budget Tool, but was fully automated by using VBA code, form, and ActiveX controls.

  10. Strategy And The Spreadsheet: Optimizing The Total Army To Satisfy Both

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-02-11

    historically reduces military end strength at the conclusion of major conflicts. The Budget Control Act of 2011 imposed sequestration spending limits on...the military that began the process of drawing down the military through fiscal year 2021. While the 2016 defense budget delays sequestration cuts... budget by a wide margin, has started repeating a historical cycle of budget driven defense cuts. The Army’s large force represents an attractive

  11. The influence of fiscal rules on healthcare policy in the United States and the Netherlands.

    PubMed

    Schakel, H Christiaan; Jeurissen, Patrick; Glied, Sherry

    2017-10-01

    Governments use fiscal rules to put a framework and limits on how budgetary challenges are addressed, but the rules themselves are still an understudied area among health policy scholars. For a long time, healthcare held a somewhat separate status because of the reliance on entitlements and dedicated revenue streams. However, the combined forces of advocates for integral decision-making, central budget control and the increasing costs might shift healthcare towards budgetary frameworks that currently apply to other spending categories. In this paper, we study fiscal rules that the US and the Netherlands have adopted since 2010 and their impact on healthcare policy. Our analysis shows that fiscal rules can have an impact on the rationing of healthcare. In the studied timeframe, the rules seem to have more impact on budget outcomes than on the budget process itself. In addition, the convergence of fiscal and program policy objectives seems to be better accomplished in a budgetary system that applies enforceable budget ceilings. Budgeting for health entitlements requires a comprehensive and tailor-made approach and the composition of traditional rules might not fully answer to the complexities of healthcare policy. This paper aims to contribute to that debate and the way we think about healthcare budgeting. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  12. 76 FR 11803 - Collection of Information Under Review by Office of Management and Budget: OMB Control Numbers...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-03

    ... Review by Office of Management and Budget: OMB Control Numbers: 1625-0058, 1625-0072 and 1625-0092 AGENCY... Recordkeeping, and 1625-0092 Sewage and Graywater Discharge Records for Certain Cruise Vessels Operating on... contain the OMB Control Number of the ICR. They must also contain the docket number of this request, [USCG...

  13. 75 FR 82038 - Information Collection Request to Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Numbers: 1625-0058...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-29

    ... Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Numbers: 1625-0058, 1625-0072 and 1625-0092 AGENCY: Coast..., and 1625-0092 Sewage and Graywater Discharge Records for Certain Cruise Vessels Operating on Alaskan... OMB Control Number of the ICR and the docket number of this request, [USCG-2010-1137], and must be...

  14. First-order error budgeting for LUVOIR mission

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lightsey, Paul A.; Knight, J. Scott; Feinberg, Lee D.; Bolcar, Matthew R.; Shaklan, Stuart B.

    2017-09-01

    Future large astronomical telescopes in space will have architectures that will have complex and demanding requirements to meet the science goals. The Large UV/Optical/IR Surveyor (LUVOIR) mission concept being assessed by the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center is expected to be 9 to 15 meters in diameter, have a segmented primary mirror and be diffraction limited at a wavelength of 500 nanometers. The optical stability is expected to be in the picometer range for minutes to hours. Architecture studies to support the NASA Science and Technology Definition teams (STDTs) are underway to evaluate systems performance improvements to meet the science goals. To help define the technology needs and assess performance, a first order error budget has been developed. Like the JWST error budget, the error budget includes the active, adaptive and passive elements in spatial and temporal domains. JWST performance is scaled using first order approximations where appropriate and includes technical advances in telescope control.

  15. Training Costs with Reference to the Industrial Training Act.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Garbutt, Douglas

    Provisions and implications of the British Industrial Training Act of 1964 (including the system of training grants and levies) are set forth. Procedures for accounting and budgeting for training costs, routines for collecting training information, documents (budgets, cost sheets, control statements) for collecting and controlling costs, means of…

  16. 5 CFR 1320.2 - Effect.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Effect. 1320.2 Section 1320.2 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET OMB DIRECTIVES CONTROLLING PAPERWORK BURDENS ON THE... September 30, 1995, a control number issued by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. Chapter...

  17. Atmospheric water budget over the South Asian summer monsoon region

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Unnikrishnan, C. K.; Rajeevan, M.

    2018-04-01

    High resolution hybrid atmospheric water budget over the South Asian monsoon region is examined. The regional characteristics, variability, regional controlling factors and the interrelations of the atmospheric water budget components are investigated. The surface evapotranspiration was created using the High Resolution Land Data Assimilation System (HRLDAS) with the satellite-observed rainfall and vegetation fraction. HRLDAS evapotranspiration shows significant similarity with in situ observations and MODIS satellite-observed evapotranspiration. Result highlights the fundamental importance of evapotranspiration over northwest and southeast India on atmospheric water balance. The investigation shows that the surface net radiation controls the annual evapotranspiration over those regions, where the surface evapotranspiration is lower than 550 mm. The rainfall and evapotranspiration show a linear relation over the low-rainfall regions (<500 mm/year). Similar result is observed in in NASA GLDAS data (1980-2014). The atmospheric water budget shows annual, seasonal, and intra-seasonal variations. Evapotranspiration does not show a high intra-seasonal variability as compared to other water budget components. The coupling among the water budget anomalies is investigated. The results show that regional inter-annual evapotranspiration anomalies are not exactly in phase with rainfall anomalies; it is strongly influenced by the surface conditions and other atmospheric forcing (like surface net radiation). The lead and lag correlation of water budget components show that the water budget anomalies are interrelated in the monsoon season even up to 4 months lead. These results show the important regional interrelation of water budget anomalies on south Asian monsoon.

  18. 2020 Vision: Rethinking Budget Priorities under the LCFF

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Policy Analysis for California Education, PACE, 2014

    2014-01-01

    After years of painful budget cuts, new revenues will begin to flow to California school districts in 2014. Thanks to the voters' approval of Proposition 30 and the adoption of the Local Control Funding Formula (LCFF), nearly all districts can expect budget increases over the next several years. In this report PACE offers guidance on…

  19. 78 FR 53785 - OMB Sequestration Update Report to the President and Congress for Fiscal Year 2014

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-30

    ... OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET OMB Sequestration Update Report to the President and Congress for Fiscal Year 2014 AGENCY: Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget. ACTION... Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, as amended, requires the Office of Management...

  20. Once Established, What Techniques Work Best for Monitoring the District?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Triverio, Louis E.

    Monitoring school budget expenditures is as important as budgeting. School boards should decide which broad financial policies will provide control of expenditures, what financial tools to use in monitoring expenditures, and what areas outside of the budget should be monitored. A board's financial policy ought to deal with the line item transfers,…

  1. A paired-watershed budget study to quantify interbasin groundwater flow in a lowland rain forest, Costa Rica

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Genereux, David P.; Jordan, Michael T.; Carbonell, David

    2005-04-01

    A paired-watershed budget study was used to quantify the annual water and major ion (sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, chloride, and sulfate) budgets of two adjacent lowland rain forest watersheds in Costa Rica. Interbasin groundwater flow (IGF) accounted for about two thirds of the water input and about 97% of the solute input (an average over the six major ions) to one watershed but little or none of the inputs to the adjacent watershed in which IGF was at most marginally distinguishable from zero. Results underscore the significance of IGF as a potential control on the hydrology and water quality of lowland watersheds, the spatial complexity of its occurrence in lowlands (where its influence may range from dominating to negligible on adjacent watersheds), and the importance of accounting for IGF in the design and execution of watershed studies and in water management.

  2. Long-term variability in the water budget and its controls in an oak-dominated temperate forest

    Treesearch

    Jing Xie; Ge Sun; Hou-Sen Chu; Junguo Liu; Steven G. McNulty; Asko Noormets; Ranjeet John; Zutao Ouyang; Tianshan Zha; Haitao Li; Wenbin Guan; Jiquan Chen

    2014-01-01

    Water availability is one of the key environmental factors that control ecosystem functions in temperate forests. Changing climate is likely to alter the ecohydrology and other ecosystem processes, which affect forest structures and functions. We constructed a multi-year water budget (2004–2010) and quantified environmental controls on an evapotranspiration (ET) in a...

  3. [Tobacco control policy and variation in Brazilian family spending on cigarettes: results of the Brazilian Household Budget Surveys in 2002/2003 and 2008/2009].

    PubMed

    Garcia, Leila Posenato; Sant'Anna, Ana Cláudia; Freitas, Lúcia Rolim Santana de; Magalhães, Luís Carlos Garcia de

    2015-09-01

    This study aimed to describe trends in family spending on cigarettes and its share of family budget, comparing 2002 and 2009, using the Brazilian Household Budget Surveys from 2002/2003 and 2008/2009. The Expanded Consumer Price Index (IPCA) was used. The proportion of families that purchased cigarettes decreased from 23.5% to 18.2%, however their spending increased from BRL 55.36 to BRL 59.45. Spending on cigarettes was proportional to family income and head-of-family's schooling. Higher-income families still accounted for most of the expenditure, although the share of family income spent on cigarettes declined. The share of income for purchasing cigarettes was 5.2% in the lowest income quintile and 1.2% in the highest. Tobacco control policy has succeeded in reducing smoking prevalence in Brazil. However, economic measures are still important in the country, since the family's share of income and spending on cigarettes have decreased.

  4. 76 FR 26746 - Information Collection Requests to Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Numbers: 1625...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-09

    ... Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Numbers: 1625-0077, 1625-0085 and 1625-0112 AGENCY: Coast...-0085, Streamlined Inspection Program; and 1625-0112, Enhanced Maritime Domain Awareness via Electronic... Information Management, telephone 202-475-3652, or fax 202-475-3929, for questions on these documents. Contact...

  5. 27 CFR 478.113 - Importation by other licensees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... machine gun) being imported as a curio or museum piece, a description of how it was rendered unserviceable... (b) approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 1140-0005; paragraph (c) approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 1140-0007) [T.D. ATF-270, 53 FR 10499...

  6. 27 CFR 478.113 - Importation by other licensees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... machine gun) being imported as a curio or museum piece, a description of how it was rendered unserviceable... (b) approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 1140-0005; paragraph (c) approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 1140-0007) [T.D. ATF-270, 53 FR 10499...

  7. 27 CFR 478.113 - Importation by other licensees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... machine gun) being imported as a curio or museum piece, a description of how it was rendered unserviceable... (b) approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 1140-0005; paragraph (c) approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 1140-0007) [T.D. ATF-270, 53 FR 10499...

  8. 27 CFR 478.113 - Importation by other licensees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... machine gun) being imported as a curio or museum piece, a description of how it was rendered unserviceable... (b) approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 1140-0005; paragraph (c) approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 1140-0007) [T.D. ATF-270, 53 FR 10499...

  9. 76 FR 68792 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for the Office of Management and Budget (OMB...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-07

    ...: Submission for the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Review; Comment Request AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory... Control and Accounting of Special Nuclear Material. 3. Current OMB approval number: 3150-0123. 4. The form... requirements for material control and accounting of SNM, and specific performance-based regulations for...

  10. School-Based Budgets: Getting, Spending, and Accounting.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Herman, Jerry L.; Herman, Janice L.

    With the advent of large interest in school-based management came the task of inventing a different type of budgeting system--one that delegated the many tasks of developing a budget, expending the allocated funds, and controlling those expenditures in a way that did not exceed the allocation to the site level. This book explores the various means…

  11. 2005 Budget Drops below Bush Request

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Robelen, Erik W.

    2004-01-01

    The U.S. Department of Education will see its smallest budget increase in nearly a decade under the catchall spending plan approved by the Republican-controlled Congress in a lame-duck session. For the first time since President Bush entered office, the budget will fall short of his overall request for education funding. The final fiscal 2005…

  12. The Need for Full Cost Control in Universities and Colleges Capital Expenditure Programmes.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Aitchison, Ian A.

    Cost control techniques as applied to university and college capital expenditure programs are discussed, as is the need for control of costs as an integral part of the design and construction of campus projects. The following phases of the cost control process are presented: pre-design advice and cost studies, preparation of the budget for the…

  13. Effects of monetary reserves and rate of gain on human risky choice under budget constraints.

    PubMed

    Pietras, Cynthia J; Searcy, Gabriel D; Huitema, Brad E; Brandt, Andrew E

    2008-07-01

    The energy-budget rule is an optimal foraging model that predicts that choice should be risk averse when net gains plus reserves meet energy requirements (positive energy-budget conditions) and risk prone when net gains plus reserves fall below requirements (negative energy-budget conditions). Studies have shown that the energy-budget rule provides a good description of risky choice in humans when choice is studied under economic conditions (i.e., earnings budgets) that simulate positive and negative energy budgets. In previous human studies, earnings budgets were manipulated by varying earnings requirements, but in most nonhuman studies, energy budgets have been manipulated by varying reserves and/or mean rates of reinforcement. The present study therefore investigated choice in humans between certain and variable monetary outcomes when earnings budgets were manipulated by varying monetary reserves and mean rates of monetary gain. Consistent with the energy-budget rule, choice tended to be risk averse under positive-budget conditions and risk neutral or risk prone under negative-budget conditions. Sequential choices were also well described by a dynamic optimization model, especially when expected earnings for optimal choices were high. These results replicate and extend the results of prior experiments in showing that humans' choices are generally consistent with the predictions of the energy-budget rule when studied under conditions analogous to those used in nonhuman energy-budget studies, and that choice patterns tend to maximize reinforcement.

  14. 75 FR 51531 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-20

    ... controls and risk management procedures that the agencies (OCC, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve... collection unless it displays a currently valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. The OCC... of your comments to OCC Desk Officer, 1557-0229, by mail to U.S. Office of Management and Budget, 725...

  15. Budget Monitoring and Control in South African Township Schools: Democratic Governance at Risk

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mestry, Raj; Naidoo, Gans

    2009-01-01

    This article investigates budget monitoring and control in township schools in South Africa. The enactment of the Schools Act 1996 revolutionized school financial management in South Africa, making it part of the drive for democratic school governance. School governing bodies had to be established, whose responsibility it became to manage finances…

  16. 2 CFR 200.62 - Internal control over compliance requirements for Federal awards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Internal control over compliance requirements for Federal awards. 200.62 Section 200.62 Grants and Agreements Office of Management and Budget Guidance for Grants and Agreements OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET GUIDANCE Reserved UNIFORM ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS, COST PRINCIPLES, AND AUDIT...

  17. 76 FR 10385 - Information Collection Request to Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Number: 1625-0106

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-02-24

    ... Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Number: 1625-0106 AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Sixty....S. Coast Guard intends to submit an Information Collection Request (ICR) to the Office of Management... Coast Guard docket number [USCG-2011-0087] to the Docket Management Facility (DMF) at the U.S...

  18. 76 FR 27073 - Information Collection Request to Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Number: 1625-0109

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-10

    ... Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Number: 1625-0109 AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Sixty....S. Coast Guard intends to submit an Information Collection Request (ICR) to the Office of Management...-0158] to the Docket Management Facility (DMF) at the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT). To avoid...

  19. WFIRST: Managing Telescope Wavefront Stability to Meet Coronagraph Performance

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Noecker, Martin; Poberezhskiy, Ilya; Kern, Brian; Krist, John; WFIRST System Engineering Team

    2018-01-01

    The WFIRST coronagraph instrument (CGI) needs a stable telescope and active wavefront control to perform coronagraph science with an expected sensitivity of 8x10-9 in the exoplanet-star flux ratio (SNR=10) at 200 milliarcseconds angular separation. With its subnanometer requirements on the stability of its input wavefront error (WFE), the CGI employs a combination of pointing and wavefront control loops and thermo-mechanical stability to meet budget allocations for beam-walk and low-order WFE, which enable stable starlight speckles on the science detector that can be removed by image subtraction. We describe the control strategy and the budget framework for estimating and budgeting the elements of wavefront stability, and the modeling strategy to evaluate it.

  20. Designing Measurement Studies under Budget Constraints: Controlling Error of Measurement and Power.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Marcoulides, George A.

    1995-01-01

    A methodology is presented for minimizing the mean error variance-covariance component in studies with resource constraints. The method is illustrated using a one-facet multivariate design. Extensions to other designs are discussed. (SLD)

  1. 77 FR 44710 - Information Collection Activities (Depreciation Studies)

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-30

    ... (Depreciation Studies) ACTION: 60-day notice and request for comments. SUMMARY: As part of its continuing effort... Office of Management and Budget (OMB) the information collection--Rail Depreciation Studies--further... information collection: Title: Rail Depreciation Studies. OMB Control Number: 2140-XXXX. Form Number: None...

  2. 75 FR 47600 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-06

    ... (Tobacco Control Act), FDA must conduct research and studies relating to the control and prevention of... such research, FDA will employ formative pretests to assess the likely effectiveness of tobacco..., formative research will provide critical knowledge about target audiences such as adolescents, adults...

  3. Iron budgets for three distinct biogeochemical sites around the Kerguelen Archipelago (Southern Ocean) during the natural fertilisation study, KEOPS-2

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bowie, A. R.; van der Merwe, P.; Quéroué, F.; Trull, T.; Fourquez, M.; Planchon, F.; Sarthou, G.; Chever, F.; Townsend, A. T.; Obernosterer, I.; Sallée, J.-B.; Blain, S.

    2015-07-01

    Iron availability in the Southern Ocean controls phytoplankton growth, community composition and the uptake of atmospheric CO2 by the biological pump. The KEOPS-2 (KErguelen Ocean and Plateau compared Study 2) "process study", took place around the Kerguelen Plateau in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. This is a region naturally fertilised with iron on the scale of hundreds to thousands of square kilometres, producing a mosaic of spring blooms which show distinct biological and biogeochemical responses to fertilisation. This paper presents biogeochemical iron budgets (incorporating vertical and lateral supply, internal cycling, and sinks) for three contrasting sites: an upstream high-nutrient low-chlorophyll reference, over the plateau and in the offshore plume east of the Kerguelen Islands. These budgets show that distinct regional environments driven by complex circulation and transport pathways are responsible for differences in the mode and strength of iron supply, with vertical supply dominant on the plateau and lateral supply dominant in the plume. Iron supply from "new" sources (diffusion, upwelling, entrainment, lateral advection, atmospheric dust) to the surface waters of the plume was double that above the plateau and 20 times greater than at the reference site, whilst iron demand (measured by cellular uptake) in the plume was similar to that above the plateau but 40 times greater than at the reference site. "Recycled" iron supply by bacterial regeneration and zooplankton grazing was a relatively minor component at all sites (< 8 % of new supply), in contrast to earlier findings from other biogeochemical iron budgets in the Southern Ocean. Over the plateau, a particulate iron dissolution term of 2.5 % was invoked to balance the budget; this approximately doubled the standing stock of dissolved iron in the mixed layer. The exchange of iron between dissolved, biogenic particulate and lithogenic particulate pools was highly dynamic in time and space, resulting in a decoupling of the iron supply and carbon export and, importantly, controlling the efficiency of fertilisation.

  4. ZBB--a new skill for the financial manager.

    PubMed

    Thompson, G B; Pyhrr, P A

    1979-03-01

    Zero-based budgeting (ZBB) is a management decision-making tool currently gaining wide acceptance. ZBB is a budgeting approach which is useful for planning, controlling and coordinating financial and human resources. It involves the re-evaluation of all budgeted activities in terms of priorities established by the management. The traditional process of incremental budgeting differs from ZBB in that only the planned changes are evaluated in the former. In incremental budgeting, the base budget is considered authorized and required little attention. The ZBB process focuses on the whol budget. This is accomplished by: (1) identifying decision units; (2) evaluating each decision unit in terms of performance, costs, benefits, and alternate means of accomplishiing the objectives; (3) ranking the decision packages; and (4) preparing a budget for the highest priority decision packages. The effect of the ZBB approach is that new high priority programs may be funded by eliminating or reducing existing lower-priority programs. ZBB is viewed as a logical process which can combine many of the elements of good management.

  5. State Budgets, Unit Allocations, and Unit Emissions Rates

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This Technical Support Document (TSD) provides information that supports EPA’s determination of state emissions budgets, unit-level allocations, direct control rate limits, and new unit set-asides for the Transport Rule proposal.

  6. Small business, cash budgets and general practice.

    PubMed

    Jackson, A R

    1991-01-01

    In practice management, general practice falls into the category of small business with all its attendant generic problems. Disciplined planning and good financial management are not often seen in small business. These are required if general practitioners are to continue (or return to) the provision of high quality medical services. An effective budget process, especially cash-flow budgeting, is the key to successful planning and financial management. Budgeting will bring Control, Co-ordination, and Credibility to your practice. It will enable you to set goals and to achieve them.

  7. Global Budgeting in the OECD Countries

    PubMed Central

    Wolfe, Patrice R.; Moran, Donald W.

    1993-01-01

    Many of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries use global budgeting to control all or certain portions of their health care expenditures. Although the use of global budgets as a cost-containment tool has not been implemented in the United States in any comprehensive way, recent health care reform initiatives have increased the need for research into such tools. In general, the structure, process, and effectiveness of global budgets vary enormously from country to country, in part because the underlying social welfare system of each country is unique. PMID:10130584

  8. 46 CFR 54.01-5 - Scope (modifies U-1 and U-2).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... (approved by the Office of Management and Budget under OMB control number 2130-0181); (2) Meet § 54.01-35... stress relief may be substituted if allowed under Subpart 54.30 of this chapter. III (a) Vapor or gas(b... pressure vessels. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under OMB control number 2130-0181...

  9. 46 CFR 54.01-5 - Scope (modifies U-1 and U-2).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... (approved by the Office of Management and Budget under OMB control number 2130-0181); (2) Meet § 54.01-35... stress relief may be substituted if allowed under subpart 54.30 of this chapter. III (a) Vapor or gas(b... pressure vessels. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under OMB control number 2130-0181...

  10. 46 CFR 54.01-5 - Scope (modifies U-1 and U-2).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... (approved by the Office of Management and Budget under OMB control number 2130-0181); (2) Meet § 54.01-35... stress relief may be substituted if allowed under Subpart 54.30 of this chapter. III (a) Vapor or gas(b... pressure vessels. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under OMB control number 2130-0181...

  11. 46 CFR 54.01-5 - Scope (modifies U-1 and U-2).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... (approved by the Office of Management and Budget under OMB control number 2130-0181); (2) Meet § 54.01-35... stress relief may be substituted if allowed under Subpart 54.30 of this chapter. III (a) Vapor or gas(b... pressure vessels. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under OMB control number 2130-0181...

  12. 7 CFR 254.4 - Application by an ITO.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... submit required reports, (v) Budget and account for administrative funds, (vi) Determine the food... Budget under control number 0584-0316) ...

  13. 7 CFR 254.4 - Application by an ITO.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... submit required reports, (v) Budget and account for administrative funds, (vi) Determine the food... Budget under control number 0584-0316) ...

  14. 7 CFR 254.4 - Application by an ITO.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... submit required reports, (v) Budget and account for administrative funds, (vi) Determine the food... Budget under control number 0584-0316) ...

  15. 7 CFR 254.4 - Application by an ITO.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... submit required reports, (v) Budget and account for administrative funds, (vi) Determine the food... Budget under control number 0584-0316) ...

  16. 7 CFR 254.4 - Application by an ITO.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... submit required reports, (v) Budget and account for administrative funds, (vi) Determine the food... Budget under control number 0584-0316) ...

  17. Recent directions taken in water, energy, and biogeochemical budgets research

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Lins, Harry F.

    1994-01-01

    Understanding and predicting global change is a major scientific focus of the late 20th century. Although atmospheric scientists have made substantial progress in developing models that account for many components of the climate system, significant progress is needed in understanding processes associated with the exchange of water, energy, and carbon between terrestrial systems and the atmosphere.To strengthen terrestrial process research, especially research associated with the interactions of water, energy, gases, nutrients, and vegetation, the U.S. Geological Survey initiated an intensive study of Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB). WEBB is aimed at improving understanding of processes controlling terrestrial water, energy, and biogeochemical fluxes, their interactions, and their relations to climatic variables; and the ability to predict continental water, energy, and biogeochemical budgets over a range of spatial and temporal scales.

  18. Establishing a sediment budget in the newly created "Kleine Noordwaard" wetland area in the Rhine-Meuse delta

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Christien van der Deijl, Eveline; van der Perk, Marcel; Middelkoop, Hans

    2018-03-01

    Many deltas are threatened by accelerated soil subsidence, sea-level rise, increasing river discharge, and sediment starvation. Effective delta restoration and effective river management require a thorough understanding of the mechanisms of sediment deposition, erosion, and their controls. Sediment dynamics has been studied at floodplains and marshes, but little is known about the sediment dynamics and budget of newly created wetlands. Here we take advantage of a recently opened tidal freshwater system to study both the mechanisms and controls of sediment deposition and erosion in newly created wetlands. We quantified both the magnitude and spatial patterns of sedimentation and erosion in a former polder area in which water and sediment have been reintroduced since 2008. Based on terrestrial and bathymetric elevation data, supplemented with field observations of the location and height of cut banks and the thickness of the newly deposited layer of sediment, we determined the sediment budget of the study area for the period 2008-2015. Deposition primarily took place in channels in the central part of the former polder area, whereas channels near the inlet and outlet of the area experienced considerable erosion. In the intertidal area, sand deposition especially takes place at low-lying locations close to the channels. Mud deposition typically occurs further away from the channels, but sediment is in general uniformly distributed over the intertidal area, due to the presence of topographic irregularities and micro-topographic flow paths. Marsh erosion does not significantly contribute to the total sediment budget, because wind wave formation is limited by the length of the fetch. Consecutive measurements of channel bathymetry show a decrease in erosion and deposition rates over time, but the overall results of this study indicate that the area functions as a sediment trap. The total contemporary sediment budget of the study area amounts to 35.7×103 m3 year-1, which corresponds to a net area-averaged deposition rate of 6.1 mm year-1. This is enough to compensate for the actual rates of sea-level rise and soil subsidence in the Netherlands.

  19. Shopper marketing nutrition interventions: Social norms on grocery carts increase produce spending without increasing shopper budgets.

    PubMed

    Payne, Collin R; Niculescu, Mihai; Just, David R; Kelly, Michael P

    2015-01-01

    We assessed the efficacy of an easy-to-implement shopper marketing nutrition intervention in a pilot and two additional studies to increase produce demand without decreasing store profitability or increasing shopper budgets. We created grocery cart placards that detailed the number of produce items purchased (i.e., descriptive norm) at particular stores (i.e., provincial norm). The effect of these placards on produce spending was assessed across 971,706 individual person grocery store transactions aggregated by day. The pilot study designated a baseline period (in both control and intervention store) followed by installation of grocery cart placards (in the intervention store) for two weeks. The pilot study was conducted in Texas in 2012. In two additional stores, we designated baseline periods followed by 28 days of the same grocery cart placard intervention as in the pilot. Additional interventions were conducted in New Mexico in 2013. The pilot study resulted in a significant difference between average produce spending per day per person across treatment periods (i.e., intervention versus same time period in control) (16%) and the difference between average produce spending per day per person across stores in the control periods (4%); Furthermore, the same intervention in two additional stores resulted in significant produce spending increases of 12.4% and 7.5% per day per person respectively. In all stores, total spending did not change. Descriptive and provincial social norm messages (i.e., on grocery cart placards) may be an overlooked tool to increase produce demand without decreasing store profitability and increasing shopper budgets.

  20. METEOSAT studies of clouds and radiation budget

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Saunders, R. W.

    1982-01-01

    Radiation budget studies of the atmosphere/surface system from Meteosat, cloud parameter determination from space, and sea surface temperature measurements from TIROS N data are all described. This work was carried out on the interactive planetary image processing system (IPIPS), which allows interactive manipulationion of the image data in addition to the conventional computational tasks. The current hardware configuration of IPIPS is shown. The I(2)S is the principal interactive display allowing interaction via a trackball, four buttons under program control, or a touch tablet. Simple image processing operations such as contrast enhancing, pseudocoloring, histogram equalization, and multispectral combinations, can all be executed at the push of a button.

  1. 34 CFR 691.16 - Rigorous secondary school program of study.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... MATHEMATICS ACCESS TO RETAIN TALENT GRANT (NATIONAL SMART GRANT) PROGRAMS Application Procedures § 691.16..., 2009. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 1845-0078] (Authority: 20 U...

  2. U.S. Navy - U.S. Air Force Relationships 1970-2010. Revision

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-06-01

    OK(1992) • Inherited Looking Glass National Command Authorities (NCA) airborne strategic command & control role from USAF (1998) • Multi-role E...begins JTF HOA begins OIF begins PSI begins Iraq ABOT attack Indian Ocean tsunami Hurricane Katrina Bali terror bombings Lebanon evacuation DPRK...II) ^*NA • Material • Rising overall defense budgets • Stability of service budget shares • Imposed ceilings on service budgets • Personal

  3. Investigating effect of environmental controls on dynamics of CO2 budget in a subtropical estuarial marsh wetland ecosystem

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lee, Sung-Ching; Fan, Chao-Jung; Wu, Zih-Yi; Juang, Jehn-Yih

    2015-02-01

    In this study, we quantified the ecosystem-scale CO2 exchange of two different but typical low-latitude vegetation types, para grass and reed, in a subtropical wetland ecosystem by integrating flux observation with the parameterization of environmental variables. In addition, we explored how seasonal dynamics of environmental factors affected variations in CO2 budget. The results suggest that gross primary production (GPP, in the order of 1700 gC m-2 yr-1) of CO2 was higher in this site than in previous studies of northern peatlands and estuarial wetlands because of the direct effect of environmental factors. Temperature and radiation had a larger effect than water status (soil moisture content and vapor pressure deficit) on GPP for the two low-latitude ecosystems, which differ from the results for high-latitude regions. Environmental variables had a strong but different impact on the CO2 budget for para grass and reed areas. This diversity led to different potential shifts and trends of biomass accumulation and distribution of these two typical low-latitude vegetation types under different scenarios of environmental change. The findings from this study can sufficiently provide quantitative understanding of CO2 budgets in low-latitude wetlands.

  4. Lateral and subsurface flows impact arctic coastal plain lake water budgets

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Koch, Joshua C.

    2016-01-01

    Arctic thaw lakes are an important source of water for aquatic ecosystems, wildlife, and humans. Many recent studies have observed changes in Arctic surface waters related to climate warming and permafrost thaw; however, explaining the trends and predicting future responses to warming is difficult without a stronger fundamental understanding of Arctic lake water budgets. By measuring and simulating surface and subsurface hydrologic fluxes, this work quantified the water budgets of three lakes with varying levels of seasonal drainage, and tested the hypothesis that lateral and subsurface flows are a major component of the post-snowmelt water budgets. A water budget focused only on post-snowmelt surface water fluxes (stream discharge, precipitation, and evaporation) could not close the budget for two of three lakes, even when uncertainty in input parameters was rigorously considered using a Monte Carlo approach. The water budgets indicated large, positive residuals, consistent with up to 70% of mid-summer inflows entering lakes from lateral fluxes. Lateral inflows and outflows were simulated based on three processes; supra-permafrost subsurface inflows from basin-edge polygonal ground, and exchange between seasonally drained lakes and their drained margins through runoff and evapotranspiration. Measurements and simulations indicate that rapid subsurface flow through highly conductive flowpaths in the polygonal ground can explain the majority of the inflow. Drained lakes were hydrologically connected to marshy areas on the lake margins, receiving water from runoff following precipitation and losing up to 38% of lake efflux to drained margin evapotranspiration. Lateral fluxes can be a major part of Arctic thaw lake water budgets and a major control on summertime lake water levels. Incorporating these dynamics into models will improve our ability to predict lake volume changes, solute fluxes, and habitat availability in the changing Arctic.

  5. Forecasting the Future Reimbursement System of Korean National Health Insurance: A Contemplation Focusing on Global Budget and Neo-KDRG-Based Payment Systems

    PubMed Central

    2012-01-01

    With the adoption of national health insurance in 1977, Korea has been utilizing fee-for-service payment with contract-based healthcare reimbursement system in 2000. Under the system, fee-for-service reimbursement has been accused of augmenting national healthcare expenditure by excessively increasing service volume. The researcher examined in this paper two major alternatives including diagnosis related group-based payment and global budget to contemplate the future of reimbursement system of Korean national health insurance. Various literature and preceding studies on pilot project and actual implementation of Neo-KDRG were reviewed. As a result, DRG-based payment was effective for healthcare cost control but low in administrative efficiency. Global budget may be adequate for cost control and improving the quality of healthcare and administrative efficiency. However, many healthcare providers disagree that excess care arising from fee-for-service payment alone has led to financial deterioration of national health insurance and healthcare institutions should take responsibility with global budget payment as an appropriate solution. Dissimilar payment systems may be applied to different types of institutions to reflect their unique attributes, and this process can be achieved step-by-step. Developing public sphere among the stakeholders and striving for consensus shall be kept as collateral to attain the desirable reimbursement system in the future. PMID:22661867

  6. Forecasting the future reimbursement system of Korean National Health Insurance: a contemplation focusing on global budget and Neo-KDRG-based payment systems.

    PubMed

    Kim, Yang-Kyun

    2012-05-01

    With the adoption of national health insurance in 1977, Korea has been utilizing fee-for-service payment with contract-based healthcare reimbursement system in 2000. Under the system, fee-for-service reimbursement has been accused of augmenting national healthcare expenditure by excessively increasing service volume. The researcher examined in this paper two major alternatives including diagnosis related group-based payment and global budget to contemplate the future of reimbursement system of Korean national health insurance. Various literature and preceding studies on pilot project and actual implementation of Neo-KDRG were reviewed. As a result, DRG-based payment was effective for healthcare cost control but low in administrative efficiency. Global budget may be adequate for cost control and improving the quality of healthcare and administrative efficiency. However, many healthcare providers disagree that excess care arising from fee-for-service payment alone has led to financial deterioration of national health insurance and healthcare institutions should take responsibility with global budget payment as an appropriate solution. Dissimilar payment systems may be applied to different types of institutions to reflect their unique attributes, and this process can be achieved step-by-step. Developing public sphere among the stakeholders and striving for consensus shall be kept as collateral to attain the desirable reimbursement system in the future.

  7. Requirements and feasibility study of flight demonstration of Active Controls Technology (ACT) on the NASA 515 airplane

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Gordon, C. K.

    1975-01-01

    A preliminary design study was conducted to evaluate the suitability of the NASA 515 airplane as a flight demonstration vehicle, and to develop plans, schedules, and budget costs for fly-by-wire/active controls technology flight validation in the NASA 515 airplane. The preliminary design and planning were accomplished for two phases of flight validation.

  8. Comparisons between the State Share of Community College Operating Budgets and State Centralization of Control in Eleven State Community College Systems.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Tollefson, Terrence A.

    This paper describes studies by Fonte (1993), Garrett (1992-93), and Ingram and Tollefson (1996) regarding state funding and control of community colleges. This article compares each of the three studies and contrasts the results. All research was based on questionnaires returned by 44 state directors of community colleges. Garrett concluded that…

  9. The Magmatic Budget of Rifted Margins: is it Related to Inheritance?

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Manatschal, G.; Tugend, J.; Gillard, M.; Sauter, D.

    2017-12-01

    High quality reflection and refraction seismic surveys show a divergent style of margin architecture often referred to as magma-poor or magma-rich. More detailed studies show, however, that the evolution of these margins can be similar, despite the variable quantity and distribution of magmatism. These observations suggest that simple relations between magmatic and extensional systems are inappropriate to describe the magmatic history of rifted margins. Moreover, the study of magmatic additions indicates that they may occur, prior to, during or after lithospheric breakup. Furthermore, the observation that the magmatic budget may change very abruptly along strike and across the margin is difficult to reconcile with the occurrence of plumes or other deep-seated large-scale mantle phenomena only. These overall observations result in questions on how magmatic and tectonic processes are interacting during rifting and lithospheric breakup and on how far the inherited composition and temperature of the decompressing mantle may control the magmatic budget during rifting. In our presentation we will review examples from present-day and fossil rifted margins to discuss their structural and magmatic evolution and whether they are considered as magma-rich or magma-poor. The key questions that we aim to address are: 1) whether decompression melting is the driving force, or rather the consequence of extension, 2) how far the magmatic budget is controlled by inherited mantle composition and temperature, and 3) how important magma storage is during initial stages of rifting. Eventually, we will discuss to what extent the evolution of margins may reflect the interplay between inheritance (innate/"genetic code") and the actual physical processes (acquired/external factors).

  10. A Battalion/Division Fiscal Control System for Training Resource Management.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1981-12-01

    of each command using it. With many Army fiscal procedures consuming large volumes of time and resources to support operations with questionable...Document (FAD)) spe- cifying the appropriation and budget programs for which the funds may be used . The FAD is the installation’s approved financial...operating budgets. Although a proper term would be operating targets, budget is used for ease of understanding. These funds are principally for general

  11. Formal Leadership of Department Chairpersons with a Broadening Span of Control in Restructured Community Colleges: A Multi-Case Study

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fattig, Teri L.

    2013-01-01

    Community college department chairpersons have experienced a broadening span of control due to the restructuring tactics of community colleges and the approaches utilized in order to cope with decreased budgets and increased enrollments. Many community colleges used strategies which involved flattening the middle management section of the…

  12. 34 CFR 350.40 - What is required of each applicant regarding the needs of individuals with disabilities from...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... information among minority populations. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number...) Drawing study samples and program participant rosters from populations or areas that include individuals...

  13. 34 CFR 350.40 - What is required of each applicant regarding the needs of individuals with disabilities from...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... information among minority populations. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number...) Drawing study samples and program participant rosters from populations or areas that include individuals...

  14. 34 CFR 350.40 - What is required of each applicant regarding the needs of individuals with disabilities from...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... information among minority populations. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number...) Drawing study samples and program participant rosters from populations or areas that include individuals...

  15. 34 CFR 350.40 - What is required of each applicant regarding the needs of individuals with disabilities from...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... information among minority populations. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number...) Drawing study samples and program participant rosters from populations or areas that include individuals...

  16. 34 CFR 350.40 - What is required of each applicant regarding the needs of individuals with disabilities from...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... information among minority populations. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number...) Drawing study samples and program participant rosters from populations or areas that include individuals...

  17. 7 CFR 250.17 - Reports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... contained in paragraph (a) approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0584-0001. Reporting requirements contained in paragraph (e) approved by the Office of Management and Budget under...

  18. 7 CFR 250.17 - Reports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... contained in paragraph (a) approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0584-0001. Reporting requirements contained in paragraph (e) approved by the Office of Management and Budget under...

  19. A General Tool for Evaluating High-Contrast Coronagraphic Telescope Performance Error Budgets

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Marchen, Luis F.; Shaklan, Stuart B.

    2009-01-01

    This paper describes a general purpose Coronagraph Performance Error Budget (CPEB) tool that we have developed under the NASA Exoplanet Exploration Program. The CPEB automates many of the key steps required to evaluate the scattered starlight contrast in the dark hole of a space-based coronagraph. It operates in 3 steps: first, a CodeV or Zemax prescription is converted into a MACOS optical prescription. Second, a Matlab program calls ray-trace code that generates linear beam-walk and aberration sensitivity matrices for motions of the optical elements and line-of-sight pointing, with and without controlled coarse and fine-steering mirrors. Third, the sensitivity matrices are imported by macros into Excel 2007 where the error budget is created. Once created, the user specifies the quality of each optic from a predefined set of PSDs. The spreadsheet creates a nominal set of thermal and jitter motions and combines them with the sensitivity matrices to generate an error budget for the system. The user can easily modify the motion allocations to perform trade studies.

  20. Analysis of the potential application of the Davenport/Short information technology model to a research and development organization

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Decker, Deron R.

    1991-01-01

    Part of the role of the Mission Operations Lab is the development of budget inputs for Huntsville Operations/Payload Crew Training Center/Payload Operations Control Center (HOSC/PCTC/POCC) activity. These budget inputs are part of the formal Program Operating Plan (POP) process, which occurs twice yearly, and of the formal creation of the yearly operating plan. Both POPs and the operation plan serve the purpose of mapping out planned expenditures for the next fiscal year and for a number of outlying years. Based on these plans, the various Project Offices at the Center fund the HOSC/PCTC/POCC activity. Because of Mission Operations Lab's role in budget development, some of the Project Offices have begun looking to Mission Operations, and specifically the EO02 branch, to track expenditures and explain/justify any deviations from plans. EO02 has encountered difficulties acquiring the necessary information to perform this function. It appears that the necessary linkages with other units had not been fully developed and integrated with the flow of information in budget implementation. The purpose of this study is to document the budget process from the point of view of EO02 and to identify the steps necessary for it to effectively perform this role on a continuous basis.

  1. WFIRST: Coronagraph Systems Engineering and Performance Budgets

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Poberezhskiy, Ilya; cady, eric; Frerking, Margaret A.; Kern, Brian; Nemati, Bijan; Noecker, Martin; Seo, Byoung-Joon; Zhao, Feng; Zhou, Hanying

    2018-01-01

    The WFIRST coronagraph instrument (CGI) will be the first in-space coronagraph using active wavefront control to directly image and characterize mature exoplanets and zodiacal disks in reflected starlight. For CGI systems engineering, including requirements development, CGI performance is predicted using a hierarchy of performance budgets to estimate various noise components — spatial and temporal flux variations — that obscure exoplanet signals in direct imaging and spectroscopy configurations. These performance budgets are validated through a robust integrated modeling and testbed model validation efforts.We present the performance budgeting framework used by WFIRST for the flow-down of coronagraph science requirements, mission constraints, and observatory interfaces to measurable instrument engineering parameters.

  2. Strategic Forum. Number 287, May 2014. Strategy and Force Planning in a Time of Austerity

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-05-01

    ceiling crisis with the Budget Control Act of 2011, which prescribed sequestration. Sequestration was viewed as so draconian and antistrategic that...reductions, and proposed reductions to military compensation, the SCMR identified, but did not decide between, two broad options going for- ward, each of...years 1970–2013 (hereafter EROP); and Congressional Budget Office (CBO), Budget 8 SF No. 287 ndupress.ndu.edu The Center for Strategic Research ( CSR

  3. LONG-RANGE PLANNING FOR SMALL BUSINESSES.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    MANAGEMENT PLANNING AND CONTROL, COMMERCE), (*COMMERCE, MANAGEMENT PLANNING AND CONTROL), PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT , PRODUCTION CONTROL, BUDGETS, OPERATIONS RESEARCH, ECONOMICS, DECISION MAKING, MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING

  4. Research Costs Investigated: A Study Into the Budgets of Dutch Publicly Funded Drug-Related Research.

    PubMed

    van Asselt, Thea; Ramaekers, Bram; Corro Ramos, Isaac; Joore, Manuela; Al, Maiwenn; Lesman-Leegte, Ivonne; Postma, Maarten; Vemer, Pepijn; Feenstra, Talitha

    2018-01-01

    The costs of performing research are an important input in value of information (VOI) analyses but are difficult to assess. The aim of this study was to investigate the costs of research, serving two purposes: (1) estimating research costs for use in VOI analyses; and (2) developing a costing tool to support reviewers of grant proposals in assessing whether the proposed budget is realistic. For granted study proposals from the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), type of study, potential cost drivers, proposed budget, and general characteristics were extracted. Regression analysis was conducted in an attempt to generate a 'predicted budget' for certain combinations of cost drivers, for implementation in the costing tool. Of 133 drug-related research grant proposals, 74 were included for complete data extraction. Because an association between cost drivers and budgets was not confirmed, we could not generate a predicted budget based on regression analysis, but only historic reference budgets given certain study characteristics. The costing tool was designed accordingly, i.e. with given selection criteria the tool returns the range of budgets in comparable studies. This range can be used in VOI analysis to estimate whether the expected net benefit of sampling will be positive to decide upon the net value of future research. The absence of association between study characteristics and budgets may indicate inconsistencies in the budgeting or granting process. Nonetheless, the tool generates useful information on historical budgets, and the option to formally relate VOI to budgets. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt at creating such a tool, which can be complemented with new studies being granted, enlarging the underlying database and keeping estimates up to date.

  5. 77 FR 29353 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-05-17

    ... Request; Experimental Study on Comparing Data Obtained From Landline Telephone and Cell Phone Surveys... [email protected] . All comments should be identified with the OMB control number 0910-New and title ``Experimental Study on Comparing Data Obtained From Landline Telephone and Cell Phone...

  6. 76 FR 27061 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-10

    ...] Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review; Comment... Antibacterial Drug Products and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Devices AGENCY: Food and Drug... Systemic Antibacterial Drug Products and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Devices--(OMB Control Number...

  7. 78 FR 64467 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-10-29

    ... and Nutrition Service (FNS) annually for approval a Budget Projection Statement (FNS-366A), which... Officer for Agriculture, Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget... number. Food and Nutrition Service Title: Operating Guidelines, Forms and Waivers. OMB Control Number...

  8. 78 FR 36160 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-06-17

    ... Operations, Management, Evaluation, and Research. OMB Control Number: 0596-0110. Summary of Collection: The... Survey Techniques for Operations, Management, Evaluation and Research (CUSTOMER) study combines several... Agriculture, Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget (OMB), New...

  9. Efforts to reform medicaid in a time of fiscal stress: are we merely shuffling chairs on the deck of the titanic?

    PubMed

    McEldowney, Rene; Jenkins, Carol L

    2005-01-01

    With states facing their worst financial crisis since World War II, Medicaid programs across the nation are facing a period of significant stress. Medicaid expenditures are a major part of most states' budgets, which make them an important target when policy makers and legislators are faced with budget deficits. This study compares programs across states and identifies major reform trends being used by state officials as they try to balance the needs of their Medicaid recipients with the realities of budget shortfalls. Our research illustrates that the short-term view prevails: many states have relied heavily on one time funding sources, such as tobacco settlement monies in conjunction with traditional cost controlling mechanisms (e.g., freezing provider reimbursement rates, reducing program eligibility levels, requiring prior authorization for services) as their means of addressing the current crisis.

  10. Minuteman 2020: Maintaining the Operational Army National Guard

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-03-01

    billion dollars of that amount taken from the DOD. Furthermore, a budget super committee identified a total of 2.1 trillion dollars in cuts mandated...in the 2011 Budget Control Act. As a condition, if the super committee failed to reach a bi-partisan agreement by 31 December 2012, an additional...terms of the Defense Department…as far as our budget is concerned, as far as our ability to respond to the threats that are out there, it has a big

  11. Geochemical and Isotopic (Sr, U) Tracing of Weathering Processes Controlling the Recent Geochemical Evolution of Soil Solutions in the Strengbach Catchment (Vosges, France)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chabaux, F. J.; Prunier, J.; Pierret, M.; Stille, P.

    2012-12-01

    The characterization of the present-day weathering processes controlling the chemical composition of waters and soils in natural ecosystems is an important issue to predict and to model the response of ecosystems to recent environmental changes. It is proposed here to highlight the interest of a multi-tracer geochemical approach combining measurement of major and trace element concentrations along with U and Sr isotopic ratios to progress in this topic. This approach has been applied to the small granitic Strengbah Catchment, located in the Vosges Mountain (France), used and equipped as a hydro-geochemical observatory since 1986 (Observatoire Hydro-Géochimique de l'Environnement; http://ohge.u-strasbg.fr). This study includes the analysis of major and trace element concentrations and (U-Sr) isotope ratios in soil solutions collected within two soil profiles located on two experimental plots of this watershed, as well as the analysis of soil samples and vegetation samples from these two plots The depth variation of elemental concentration of soil solutions confirms the important influence of the vegetation cycling on the budget of Ca, K, Rb and Sr, whereas Mg and Si budget in soil solutions are quasi exclusively controlled by weathering processes. Variation of Sr, and U isotopic ratios with depth also demonstrates that the sources and biogeochemical processes controlling the Sr budget of soil solutions is different in the uppermost soil horizons and in the deeper ones, and clearly influence by the vegetation cycling.

  12. 77 FR 44714 - Proposed Agency Information Collection Activities; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-30

    ... displays a currently valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. The Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC), of which the agencies are members, has approved the agencies... Management and Budget, New Executive Office Building, Room 10235, 725 17th Street NW., [[Page 44715...

  13. 75 FR 60404 - Information Collection Request Submitted to Office of Management and Budget

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-09-30

    ... [OMB Control Number: 3002-0003] Information Collection Request Submitted to Office of Management and... United States will submit an Information Collection Request (ICR) to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) requesting approval for the following collection of information: 3002-0003, Substitute...

  14. Private vs. Public Higher Education Budgeting

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Beamer, Sarah A.

    2011-01-01

    Private higher education institutions are those entities owned and operated by the private sector, while public institutions are those established, supported, and controlled by a governmental agency, most often a state. Key differences exist between private and public institutions that affect budgeting in critical ways. Such differences include…

  15. Budget cuts.

    PubMed

    1996-05-31

    The House of Representatives approved a Federal budget for fiscal 1997. The budget calls for cutting $1.5 billion from the current $23 billion budget for the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). Only half of the DHHS money goes to the National Institutes of Health, whose research programs were expected to remain intact. DHHS programs, such as the Ryan White CARE Act and prevention programs run by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) are likely to bear the brunt of the cuts. The House Veterans Affairs/Housing and Urban Development appropriations bill will be reviewed during the week of June 3, 1996. The Senate envisions a $1.5 billion reduction in DHHS programs, although the action is not final.

  16. Decentralization and health resource allocation: a case study at the district level in Indonesia.

    PubMed

    Abdullah, Asnawi; Stoelwinder, Johannes

    2008-01-01

    Health resource allocation has been an issue of political debate in many health systems. However, the debate has tended to concentrate on vertical allocation from the national to regional level. Allocation within regions or institutions has been largely ignored. This study was conducted to contribute analysis to this gap. The objective was to investigate health resource allocation within District Health Offices (DHOs) and to compare the trends and patterns of several budget categories before and after decentralization. The study was conducted in three districts in the Province of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. Six fiscal year budgets, two before decentralization and four after, were studied. Data was collected from the Local Government Planning Office and DHOs. Results indicated that in the first year of implementing a decentralization policy, the local government budget rose sharply, particularly in the wealthiest district. In contrast, in relatively poor districts the budget was only boosted slightly. Increasing total local government budgets had a positive impact on increasing the health budget. The absolute amount of health budgets increased significantly, but by percentage did not change very much. Budgets for several projects and budget items increased significantly, but others, such as health promotion, monitoring and evaluation, and public-goods-related activities, decreased. This study concluded that decentralization in Indonesia had made a positive impact on district government fiscal capacity and had affected DHO budgets positively. However, an imbalanced budget allocation between projects and budget items was obvious, and this needs serious attention from policy makers. Otherwise, decentralization will not significantly improve the health system in Indonesia.

  17. 76 FR 61711 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-05

    ...] Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review; Comment Request; Regulations for In Vivo Radiopharmaceuticals Used for Diagnosis and Monitoring AGENCY: Food and... and Monitoring--21 CFR Part 315 (OMB Control Number 0910-0409)--Extension FDA is requesting OMB...

  18. 75 FR 51813 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-23

    ... information collection unless it displays a currently valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control... Complex Structured Finance Transactions (OMB No. 3064-0148). No comments were received. Therefore, the... Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, New Executive Office Building, Washington, DC 20503. FOR...

  19. The Terrestrial Planet Finder coronagraph dynamics error budget

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shaklan, Stuart B.; Marchen, Luis; Green, Joseph J.; Lay, Oliver P.

    2005-01-01

    The Terrestrial Planet Finder Coronagraph (TPF-C) demands extreme wave front control and stability to achieve its goal of detecting earth-like planets around nearby stars. We describe the performance models and error budget used to evaluate image plane contrast and derive engineering requirements for this challenging optical system.

  20. 76 FR 40908 - Information Collection Approved by the Office of Management and Budget

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-12

    ... FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Information Collection Approved by the Office of Management and... Commission has received Office of Management and Budget (OMB) approval for the following public information... conduct or sponsor a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number...

  1. 77 FR 42501 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-19

    ...] Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review; Comment Request; Guidance for Industry on Formal Dispute Resolution; Appeals Above the Division Level AGENCY: Food... the Division Level--(OMB Control Number 0910-0430)--(Extension) This information collection approval...

  2. 77 FR 5561 - Information Collection Activities: Oil, Gas, and Sulphur Operations in the Outer Continental...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-02-03

    ...-0006; OMB Control Number 1014-NEW] Information Collection Activities: Oil, Gas, and Sulphur Operations in the Outer Continental Shelf, Subpart A, General; Submitted for Office of Management and Budget... Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for review and approval. The information collection request (ICR...

  3. 75 FR 42824 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-07-22

    ... information collection unless it displays a currently valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. The OCC is soliciting comment concerning an information collection titled, ``Affiliate Marketing... Officer, [1557-0230], by mail to U.S. Office of Management and Budget, 725 17th St., NW., 10235...

  4. 5 CFR 1305.3 - Procedures in the event of a demand for disclosure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Procedures in the event of a demand for disclosure. 1305.3 Section 1305.3 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET ADMINISTRATIVE.... (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0348-0056) ...

  5. 5 CFR 1305.4 - Procedure in the event of an adverse ruling.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Procedure in the event of an adverse ruling. 1305.4 Section 1305.4 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET ADMINISTRATIVE...)). (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0348-0056) ...

  6. 77 FR 70797 - Collection of Information Under Review by Office of Management and Budget

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-11-27

    ..., Control, Communications, Computers and Information Technology. [FR Doc. 2012-28695 Filed 11-26-12; 8:45 am... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard [USCG-2012-0733] Collection of Information Under... forwarding an Information Collection Request (ICR), abstracted below, to the Office of Management and Budget...

  7. 77 FR 75451 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for the Office of Management and Budget (OMB...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-12-20

    ... upgraded licenses or license renewals to operate the controls at a nuclear reactor facility. This... NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION [Docket No. NRC-2012-0184] Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Review; Comment Request AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory...

  8. Bayesian evaluation of budgets for endemic disease control: An example using management changes to reduce milk somatic cell count early in the first lactation of Irish dairy cows.

    PubMed

    Archer, S C; Mc Coy, F; Wapenaar, W; Green, M J

    2014-01-01

    The aim of this research was to determine budgets for specific management interventions to control heifer mastitis in Irish dairy herds as an example of evidence synthesis and 1-step Bayesian micro-simulation in a veterinary context. Budgets were determined for different decision makers based on their willingness to pay. Reducing the prevalence of heifers with a high milk somatic cell count (SCC) early in the first lactation could be achieved through herd level management interventions for pre- and peri-partum heifers, however the cost effectiveness of these interventions is unknown. A synthesis of multiple sources of evidence, accounting for variability and uncertainty in the available data is invaluable to inform decision makers around likely economic outcomes of investing in disease control measures. One analytical approach to this is Bayesian micro-simulation, where the trajectory of different individuals undergoing specific interventions is simulated. The classic micro-simulation framework was extended to encompass synthesis of evidence from 2 separate statistical models and previous research, with the outcome for an individual cow or herd assessed in terms of changes in lifetime milk yield, disposal risk, and likely financial returns conditional on the interventions being simultaneously applied. The 3 interventions tested were storage of bedding inside, decreasing transition yard stocking density, and spreading of bedding evenly in the calving area. Budgets for the interventions were determined based on the minimum expected return on investment, and the probability of the desired outcome. Budgets for interventions to control heifer mastitis were highly dependent on the decision maker's willingness to pay, and hence minimum expected return on investment. Understanding the requirements of decision makers and their rational spending limits would be useful for the development of specific interventions for particular farms to control heifer mastitis, and other endemic diseases. Copyright © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  9. Novice Administrators: Psychological and Physiological Effects.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Schmidt, Linda J.; Kosmoski, Georgia J.; Pollack, Dennis R.

    Novice school administrators find that demands for excellence have grown while budgets have shrunk. This paper reports on a study that examined the stress levels of beginning administrators. Two of the key questions for the study--Is the stress experienced by new school administrators manageable or out of control? and Does the job put beginning…

  10. Budget impact of pasireotide LAR for the treatment of acromegaly, a rare endocrine disorder.

    PubMed

    Zhang, J J; Nellesen, D; Ludlam, W H; Neary, M P

    2016-01-01

    Acromegaly is a rare disorder characterized by the over-production of growth hormone (GH). Patients often experience a range of chronic comorbidities including hypertension, cardiac dysfunction, diabetes, osteoarthropathy, and obstructive sleep apnea. Untreated or inadequately controlled patients incur substantial healthcare costs, while normalization of GH levels may reduce morbidity and mortality rates to be comparable to the general population. To assess the 3-year budget impact of pasireotide LAR on a US managed care health plan following pasireotide LAR availability. Two separate economic models were developed: one from the perspective of an entire health plan and another from the perspective of a pharmacy budget. The total budget impact model includes costs of drug therapies and other costs for treatment, monitoring, management of adverse events, and comorbidities. The pharmacy cost calculator only considers drug costs. The total estimated budget impact associated with the introduction of pasireotide LAR is 0.31 cents ($0.0031) per member per month (PMPM) in the first year, 0.78 cents ($0.0078) in the second year, and 1.42 cents ($0.0142) in the third year following FDA approval. Costs were similar or lower from a pharmacy budget impact perspective. For each patient achieving disease control, cost savings from reduced comorbidities amounted to $10,240 per year. Published data on comorbidities for acromegaly are limited. In the absence of data on acromegaly-related costs for some comorbidities, comorbidity costs for the general population were used (may be under-estimates). The budget impact of pasireotide LAR is expected to be modest, with an expected increase of 1.42 cents PMPM on the total health plan budget in the third year after FDA approval. The efficacy of pasireotide LAR in acromegaly, as demonstrated in head-to-head trials compared with currently available treatment options, is expected to be associated with a reduction of the prevalence of comorbidities.

  11. 'Placement budgets' for supported employment--improving competitive employment for people with mental illness: study protocol of a multicentre randomized controlled trial.

    PubMed

    Nordt, Carlos; Brantschen, Elisabeth; Kawohl, Wolfram; Bärtsch, Bettina; Haker, Helene; Rüsch, Nicolas; Rössler, Wulf

    2012-10-04

    Vocational integration of people with mental illness is poor despite their willingness to work. The 'Individual Placement and Support' (IPS) model which emphasises rapid and direct job placement and continuing support to patient and employer has proven to be the most effective vocational intervention programme. Various studies have shown that every second patient with severe mental illness was able to find competitive employment within 18 months. However, the goal of taking up employment within two months was rarely achieved. Thus, we aim to test whether the new concept of limited placement budgets increases the effectiveness of IPS. Six job coaches in six out-patients psychiatric clinics in the Canton of Zurich support unemployed patients of their clinic who seek competitive employment. Between June 2010 and May 2011 patients (N=100) are randomly assigned to three different placement budgets of 25h, 40h, or 55h working hours of job coaches. Support lasts two years for those who find a job. The intervention ends for those who fail to find competitive employment when the respective placement budgets run out. The primary outcome measure is the time between study inclusion and first competitive employment that lasted three months or longer. Over a period of three years interviews are carried out every six months to measure changes in motivation, stigmatization, social network and social support, quality of life, job satisfaction, financial situation, and health conditions. Cognitive and social-cognitive tests are conducted at baseline to control for confounding variables. This study will show whether the effectiveness of IPS can be increased by the new concept of limited placement budgets. It will also be examined whether competitive employment leads in the long term to an improvement of mental illness, to a transfer of the psychiatric support system to private and vocational networks, to an increase in financial independence, to a reduction of perceived and internalized stigma, and to an increase in quality of life and job satisfaction of the patient. In addition, factors connected with fast competitive employment and holding that job down in the long term are being examined (motivation, stigmatization, social and financial situation). ISRCTN89670872.

  12. Planning, budgeting, and controlling--one look at the future: case-mix cost accounting.

    PubMed Central

    Thompson, J D; Averill, R F; Fetter, R B

    1979-01-01

    This paper outlines the system for cost accounting and managerial control which is an extension of the usually accepted departmental costing systems and takes as its units the 383 Diagnosis Related Groups (DRGs) considered to be the hospital's products. It is held that such an approach offers hospital managers a more powerful, analytic, budgeting, and cost-finding tool and offers the opportunity to involve the medical staff in the issues of how their practice patterns are affecting hospital costs. PMID:511578

  13. Planning, budgeting, and controlling--one look at the future: case-mix cost accounting.

    PubMed

    Thompson, J D; Averill, R F; Fetter, R B

    1979-01-01

    This paper outlines the system for cost accounting and managerial control which is an extension of the usually accepted departmental costing systems and takes as its units the 383 Diagnosis Related Groups (DRGs) considered to be the hospital's products. It is held that such an approach offers hospital managers a more powerful, analytic, budgeting, and cost-finding tool and offers the opportunity to involve the medical staff in the issues of how their practice patterns are affecting hospital costs.

  14. Comparison of Erosion Rates Estimated by Sediment Budget Techniques and Suspended Sediment Monitoring and Regulatory Implications

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    O'Connor, M.; Eads, R.

    2007-12-01

    Watersheds in the northern California Coast Range have been designated as "impaired" with respect to water quality because of excessive sediment loads and/or high water temperature. Sediment budget techniques have typically been used by regulatory authorities to estimate current erosion rates and to develop targets for future desired erosion rates. This study examines erosion rates estimated by various methods for portions of the Gualala River watershed, designated as having water quality impaired by sediment under provisions of the Clean Water Act Section 303(d), located in northwest Sonoma County (~90 miles north of San Francisco). The watershed is underlain by Jurassic age sedimentary and meta-sedimentary rocks of the Franciscan formation. The San Andreas Fault passes through the western edge of watershed, and other active faults are present. A substantial portion of the watershed is mantled by rock slides and earth flows, many of which are considered dormant. The Coast Range is geologically young, and rapid rates of uplift are believed to have contributed to high erosion rates. This study compares quantitative erosion rate estimates developed at different spatial and temporal scales. It is motivated by a proposed vineyard development project in the watershed, and the need to document conditions in the project area, assess project environmental impacts and meet regulatory requirements pertaining to water quality. Erosion rate estimates were previously developed using sediment budget techniques for relatively large drainage areas (~100 to 1,000 km2) by the North Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board and US EPA and by the California Geological Survey. In this study, similar sediment budget techniques were used for smaller watersheds (~3 to 8 km2), and were supplemented by a suspended sediment monitoring program utilizing Turbidity Threshold Sampling techniques (as described in a companion study in this session). The duration of the monitoring program to date spanned the winter runoff seasons of Water Years 2006 and 2007. These were unusually wet and dry years, respectively, providing perspective on the range of measured sediment yield in relation to sediment budget estimates. The measured suspended sediment yields were substantially lower than predicted by sediment budget methods. Variation in geomorphic processes over time and space and methodological problems of sediment budgets may be responsible for these apparent discrepancies. The implications for water quality policy are discussed.

  15. Why Linking Budgets to Plans Has Proven Difficult in Higher Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Schmidtlein, Frank A.

    1990-01-01

    Conclusions from two studies (including a three-year nationwide study of higher education institutional planning) concern types of planning (strategic, program, facility, operational, budget, and issue-specific), and limitations (the limited powers of prediction and the political character of planning and budgeting). Types of budgeting processes…

  16. 78 FR 18676 - Information Collection Activities; Rail Depreciation Studies

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-27

    ... Management and Budget, Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Attention: Patrick Fuchs, Surface.... Type of Review: Collection in existence without a Control Number. Respondents: Class I railroads... other depreciable property. Total Annual Hour Burden: 3,605 hours (515 hours x 7 Class I railroads...

  17. Using referrals and priority-setting rules to risk adjust budgets: the case of regional psychiatric centers.

    PubMed

    Holman, Per Arne; Grepperud, Sverre; Tanum, Lars

    2011-03-01

    An important objective of many health care systems is to ensure equal access to health care services. One way of achieving this is by having universal coverage (low or absent out-of-pockets payments) combined with tax-financed transfers (block grants) to providers with a catchment area responsibility. However, a precondition for equal access in such systems is that providers have similar capacities -- meaning that budgets must be perfectly adjusted for variations in treatment costs not being under the control of providers (risk adjustment). This study presents a method that can be applied to adjust global budgets for variation in health risks. The method is flexible in the sense that it takes into account the possibility that variation in needs may depend on the degree of rationing in supplying health care services. The information being available from referrals is used to risk-adjust budgets. An expert panel ranks each individual on the basis of need. The ranking is performed according to priority-setting criteria for health care services. In addition, the panel suggests an adequate treatment profile (treatment category and treatment intensity) for each referral reviewed. By coupling the treatment profiles with cost information, risk-adjusted budgets are derived. Only individuals found to have a sufficiently high ranking (degree of need) will impact the derived risk-adjusted formula. The method is applied to four Regional Psychiatric Centers (RPC) supplying (i) outpatient services, (ii) day-patient care, and (iii) inpatient treatment for adults. The budget reallocations needed (positive and negative) to achieve an equal capacity across providers range between 10% and 42% of the current budgets. Our method can identify variations across providers when it comes to actual capacity and suggests budget reallocations that make the capacities to be equal across providers. In the case of the Regional Psychiatric Centers (RPCs) considered in this analysis, significant deviations in capacities are identified across providers and catchment areas. Thus, significant social gains can be gained, in terms of improved equal access, if our methodology is applied to risk adjust global budgets.

  18. Teaching the Federal Budget, National Debt, and Budget Deficit: Findings from High School Teachers

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Marri, Anand R.; Ahn, Meesuk; Crocco, Margaret Smith; Grolnick, Maureen; Gaudelli, William; Walker, Erica N.

    2011-01-01

    The issues surrounding the federal budget, national debt, and budget deficit are complex, but not beyond the reach of young students. This study finds scant treatment of the federal budget, national debt, and budget deficit in high schools today. It is hardly surprising that high school teachers spend so little time discussing these topics in…

  19. Introduction to Cost Control Strategies for Zero Energy Buildings: High-Performance Design and Construction on a Budget (Fact Sheet)

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Not Available

    2014-09-01

    Momentum behind zero energy building design and construction is increasing, presenting a tremendous opportunity for advancing energy performance in the commercial building industry. At the same time, there is a lingering perception that zero energy buildings must be cost prohibitive or limited to showcase projects. Fortunately, an increasing number of projects are demonstrating that high performance can be achieved within typical budgets. This factsheet highlights replicable, recommended strategies for achieving high performance on a budget, based on experiences from past projects.

  20. Health Technology Assessment, International Reference Pricing, and Budget Control Tools from China's Perspective: What Are the Current Developments and Future Considerations?

    PubMed

    Koh, Liling; Glaetzer, Christoph; Chuen Li, Shu; Zhang, Meng

    2016-05-01

    China is investing considerably in health care reforms to address issues in its health care system. An example is access to innovative drugs, which remains challenging because it is largely dependent on patient self-pay. Recognizing this, the government has invested considerably in its basic medical insurance. As health care expenditure increases, there are growing concerns on budget control. Several health policy tools have been discussed recently such as health technology assessment, international reference pricing, and hospital budget control tools, which can be viewed as addressing the affordability concerns of the government budget. China has also listed her health outcomes goals in "Healthy China 2020" initiative. This article aimed to discuss the "fit-for-purpose" of these tools to address budget concerns and support China in reaching her health outcomes goals. The findings are informed by a panel discussion at ISPOR Asia Pacific 2014, literature review, and authors' experience. This review looks at the current developments in China and the considerations and implications for using these tools by drawing experiences from countries where they are used. These tools are generally used in countries with advanced health care systems. China's health care spending is still below that of countries with advanced health care systems and below World Health Organization recommendation. China has not yet reached the "critical mass" necessary for the effective use of these tools. As China continues its health care reforms, increase in health care spending to balance the health needs of the population would be key. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  1. Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-N report). Volume 2: Technical appendix

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1992-01-01

    The contents include: operation with inclinations up to 3.5 deg to extend life; earth sensor improvements to reduce noise; sensor configurations studied; momentum management system design; reaction wheel induced dynamic interaction; controller design; spacecraft motion compensation; analog filtering; GFRP servo design - modern control approach; feedforward compensation as applied to GOES-1 sounder; discussion of allocation of navigation, inframe registration and image-to-image error budget overview; and spatial response and cloud smearing study.

  2. 78 FR 70931 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission to the Office of Management and Budget for...

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  3. 77 FR 67057 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for OMB Review; Joint Comment Request

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    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

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    ... to the Office of Management and Budget AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission. ACTION: Notice and... information technology; and (e) ways to further reduce the information collection burden on small business... of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. DATES: Written comments should be submitted on or...

  8. Making Sense of School Budgets: A Citizen's Guide to Local Public Education Spending.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Weston, Susan Perkins; And Others

    Citizens need to understand and control how their money is used in local public schools. District publications and records probably contain the answers to many of the questions concerning local education spending. This booklet was designed to unravel the mysteries surrounding budget proposals and increased spending. Accordingly, part 1 explains…

  9. 77 FR 9727 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for OMB Review; Joint Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

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    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

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    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

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  17. 78 FR 40311 - 30-Day Notice of Proposed Information Collection: Implementation of the Housing for Older Persons...

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    2013-07-03

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  19. 78 FR 11134 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-02-15

    ..., Office of Management and Budget (OMB), [email protected] or fax (202) 395-5806 and to... it displays a currently valid OMB control number. Food and Nutrition Service Title: Special Nutrition... the Special Nutrition Program Operations Study (SNPOS) is to collect timely data on policies...

  20. Developing the knowledge base about carers and personalisation: contributions made by an exploration of carers' perspectives on personal budgets and the carer-service user relationship.

    PubMed

    Larkin, Mary

    2015-01-01

    This qualitative study aimed to explore an under-researched issue within the emerging body of research about carers and personalisation - the carer-service user relationship. It was carried out across 11 English local authorities between 2011 and 2012 and focused on the impact of a change in the service user's social care arrangements to a personal budget on this relationship. Using purposive sampling and explicit inclusion criteria, data were gathered through semi-structured in-depth interviews with 23 carers in long-term dyadic relationships with an adult in receipt of social care who had changed to a personal budget. The interviews explored carers' perceptions of the carer-service user relationship before and after the advent of the personal budget and changes that had occurred. The findings were thematically analysed and reflect the fact that in addition to the effects of the move to a personal budget on the carer-service user relationship, the interviewees talked at length about a range of other effects of this move. Just over half of those interviewed felt that the personal budget had enhanced the carer-service user relationship. The other effects were both positive and negative. Three quarters reported positive outcomes, such as feeling happier, healthier and having more control over their lives. Although two thirds experienced negative feelings about having less involvement in the service user's care, these feelings eased over time and if they had confidence in the quality of the care. Over half found administering the personal budget stressful. Further analysis of these findings showed the study contributes not only to existing knowledge about the carer-service user relationship within personalisation but also to knowledge about the effects of personalisation on carers more generally. It therefore simultaneously develops the emergent knowledge base about carers and personalisation. Recommendations based on this analysis are made about future practice and research. © 2014 The Authors. Health and Social Care in the Community Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  1. [Sources of Methane in the Boreal Region

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1998-01-01

    In determining the global methane budget the sources of methane must be balanced with the sinks and atmospheric inventory. The approximate contribution of the different methane sources to the budget has been establish showing the major terrestrial inputs as rice, wetlands, bogs, fens, and tundra. Measurements and modeling of production in these sources suggest that temperature, water table height and saturation along with substratum composition are important in controlling methane production and emission. The isotopic budget of 13 C and D/H in methane can be used as a tool to clarify the global budget. This approach has achieved success at constraining the inputs. Studies using the isotopic approach place constraints on global methane production from different sources. Also, the relation between the two biogenic production pathways, acetate fermentation and CO2 reduction, and the effect of substratum composition can be made using isotope measurements shows the relation between the different biogenic, thermogenic and anthropogenic sources of methane as a function of the carbon and hydrogen isotope values for each source and the atmosphere, tropospheric composition. Methane emissions from ponds and fens are a significant source in the methane budget of the boreal region. An initial study in 1993 and 1994 on the isotopic composition of this methane source and the isotopic composition in relation to oxidation of methane at the sediment surface of the ponds or fen was conducted as part of our BOREAS project. The isotopic composition of methane emitted by saturated anoxic sediment is dependent on the sediment composition and geochemistry, but will be influenced by in situ oxidation, in part, a function of rooted plant activity. The influence of oxidation mediated by rooted plant activities on the isotopic composition of methane is not well known and will depend on the plant type, sediment temperature, and numerous other variables. Information on this isotopic composition is important in both understanding the bio-geochemistry of the system and also in determining the regional and global inputs for the methane isotope budget. In determining the destruction of methane for balancing the atmospheric methane budget soil oxidation must be considered.

  2. Effects of climate, CO2 concentration, nitrogen deposition, and stand age changes on the carbon budget of China's forests

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhang, C.; Ju, W.; Zhang, F.; Mao, D.; Wang, X.

    2017-12-01

    Forests play an irreplaceable role in the Earth's terrestrial carbon budget which retard the atmospheric CO2 buildup. Understanding the factors controlling forest carbon budget is critical for reducing uncertainties in projections of future climate. The relative importance of climate, atmospheric CO2 concentration, nitrogen deposition, and stand age changes on carbon budget, however, remains unclear for China's forests. In this study, we quantify individual contribution of these drivers to the trends of forest carbon budget in China from 1901 to 2012 by integrating national datasets, the updated Integrated Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Cycle (InTEC) model and factorial simulations. Results showed that the average carbon sink in China's forests from 1982 to 2012 was 186.9 Tg C yr-1 with 68% (127.6 Tg C yr-1) of the sink in living biomass because of the integrated effects of climate, atmospheric CO2 concentration, nitrogen deposition, and stand age factors. Compared with the simulation of all factors combined, the estimated carbon sink during 1901-2012 would be reduced by 41.8 Tg C yr-1 if climate change, atmospheric CO2 concentration and nitrogen deposition factors were omitted, and reduced by 25.0 Tg C yr-1 if stand age factor was omitted. In most decades, these factors increased forest carbon sinks with the largest of 101.3, 62.9, and 44.0 Tg C yr-1 from 2000 to 2012 contributed by stand age, CO2 concentration and nitrogen deposition, respectively. During 1901-2012, climate change, CO2 concentration, nitrogen deposition and stand age contributed -13.3, 21.4, 15.4 and 25.0 Tg C yr-1 to the averaged carbon sink of China's forests, respectively. Our study also showed diverse regional patterns of forest carbon budget related to the importance of driving factors. Stand age effect was the largest in most regions, but the effects of CO2 concentration and nitrogen deposition were dominant in southern China.

  3. Analyzing Social Issues Related to Teaching about the Federal Budget, Federal Debt, and Budget Deficit in Fifty State High School Social Studies Standards

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Marri, Anand R.; Crocco, Margaret S.; Shuttleworth, Jay; Gaudelli, William; Grolnick, Maureen

    2012-01-01

    This study of all fifty state, high school social studies curriculum standards found a lack of attention in the vast majority of state standards to the federal budget, federal debt, and budget deficit, topics of significant concern. These concepts are important to teaching about economics in the United States since they lie at the center of…

  4. Effect Sizes and Primary Outcomes in Large-Budget, Cardiovascular-Related Behavioral Randomized Controlled Trials Funded by NIH Since 1980

    PubMed Central

    Irvin, Veronica L.; Kaplan, Robert M.

    2015-01-01

    Purpose We reviewed large-budget, National Institutes of Health (NIH)-supported randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with behavioral interventions to assess (1) publication rates, (2) trial registration, (3) use of objective measures, (4) significant behavior and physiological change, and (5) effect sizes. Methods We identified large-budget grants (>$500,000/year) funded by NIH (National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) or National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)) for cardiovascular disease (dates January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2012). Among 106 grants that potentially met inclusion criteria, 20 studies were not published and 48 publications were excluded, leaving 38 publications for analysis. ClinicalTrials.gov abstracts were used to determine whether outcome measures had been pre-specified. Results Three fourths of trials were registered in ClinicalTrials.gov and all published pre-specified outcomes. Twenty-six trials reported a behavioral outcome with 81 % reporting significant improvements for the target behavior. Thirty-two trials reported a physiological outcome. All were objectively measured, and 81 % reported significant benefit. Seventeen trials reported morbidity outcomes, and seven reported a significant benefit. Nine trials assessed mortality, and all were null for this outcome. Conclusions Behavioral trials complied with trial registration standards. Most reported a physiological benefit, but few documented morbidity or mortality benefits. PMID:26507906

  5. ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF PROGRAM BUDGETING.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    NOVICK, DAVID

    THE ORIGIN AND HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PROGRAM BUDGETING, WHICH IS CURRENTLY APPLIED TO ALL THE EXECUTIVE OFFICES AND AGENCIES OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, IS TRACED. IT WAS RECOGNIZED AND APPLIED AS EARLY AS 1924 BY INDUSTRY, UTILIZED AS PART OF THE WARTIME CONTROL SYSTEM IN 1942, AND IS USED TODAY BY THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE. THIS IS A…

  6. 78 FR 23928 - Information Collection(s) Being Submitted for Review and Approval to the Office of Management and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-23

    ... Approval to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission. ACTION... comments to Nicholas A. Fraser, Office of Management and Budget (OMB), via fax at 202-395-5167 or via..., Office of Managing Director, FCC, at 202-418-0214. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: OMB Control Number: 3060...

  7. 77 FR 45350 - Information Collection Being Submitted for Review and Approval to the Office of Management and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-31

    ... to the Office of Management and Budget AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission. ACTION: Notice and... of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. DATES: Written comments should be submitted on or... the do-not-call registry in 2009. See 74 FR 17863, April 17, 2009. Privacy Impact Assessment: Yes. The...

  8. 76 FR 55675 - Information Collections Being Submitted for Review and Approval to the Office of Management and...

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    2011-09-08

    ... to the Office of Management and Budget AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission. ACTION: Notice and... and Budget (OMB) control number. DATES: Written comments should be submitted on or before October 11... hours. Annual Cost Burden: $3,310,700.00. Privacy Act Impact Assessment: No impact(s). Nature and Extent...

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    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-01-14

    ... and gas operations. II. Data OMB Control Number: 1024-0064. Title: Mining Claims and Non-Federal Oil...] Information Collection Request Sent to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for Approval; Mining and Mining Claims and Non-Federal Oil and Gas Rights AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. ACTION: Notice...

  10. 78 FR 9068 - Renewal of Approved Information Collection

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-02-07

    ...The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) has submitted an information collection request to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to continue the collection of information that enables the BLM to monitor compliance with timber export restrictions. The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) previously approved this information collection activity, and assigned it control number 1004-0058.

  11. 78 FR 64143 - 30-Day Notice of Proposed Information Collection: FHA-Application for Insurance of Advance of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-10-25

    ... Information Collection: FHA-Application for Insurance of Advance of Mortgage Proceeds AGENCY: Office of the... collection requirement described below to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for review, in accordance.../or OMB Control Number and should be sent to: HUD Desk Officer, Office of Management and Budget, New...

  12. 77 FR 22602 - Information Collection Activities: Well Control and Production Safety Training, Submitted for...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-16

    ... Safety Training, Submitted for Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Review; Comment Request ACTION: 60... comments on a collection of information that we will submit to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB... the leasing provisions of the Act related to mineral resources on the OCS. Such rules and regulations...

  13. 77 FR 41999 - Proposed Renewal of Information Collection: OMB Control Number 1091-0001, Applicant Background...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-17

    ... Capital management Plan identifies the job skills that will be needed in its current and future workforce...: Notice and request for comments. SUMMARY: Office of Management and Budget (OMB) regulations at 5 CFR 1320... Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, Attention: Department of the Interior Desk Officer (1091-0001...

  14. The Command & Control of Aggregated Marine Expeditionary Units. Is Anyone Available Today?

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-04-11

    Operations. 24 April 2012. https://ehqmc.usmc.mil/org/ ppo /pl/pln. 2. Personal correspondence or phone interviews with each command listed...and Operations. 24 April 2012. https://ehqmc.usmc.mil/org/ ppo /pl/pln. Stover 53 Congressional Budget Office. A CBO Study: An Analysis of the

  15. Advanced CD-SEM solution for edge placement error characterization of BEOL pitch 32nm metal layers

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Charley, A.; Leray, P.; Lorusso, G.; Sutani, T.; Takemasa, Y.

    2018-03-01

    Metrology plays an important role in edge placement error (EPE) budgeting. Control for multi-patterning applications as new critical distances needs to be measured (edge to edge) and requirements become tighter and tighter in terms of accuracy and precision. In this paper we focus on imec iN7 BEOL platform and particularly on M2 patterning scheme using SAQP + block EUV for a 7.5 track logic design. Being able to characterize block to SAQP edge misplacement is important in a budgeting exercise (1) but is also extremely difficult due to challenging edge detection with CD-SEM (similar materials, thin layers, short distances, 3D features). In this study we develop an advanced solution to measure block to SAQP placement, we characterize it in terms of sensitivity, precision and accuracy through the comparison to reference metrology. In a second phase, the methodology is applied to budget local effects and the results are compared to the characterization of the SAQP and block independently.

  16. Hydrologic budgets for the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers, Black Hills of South Dakota and Wyoming, water years 1987-96

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Carter, Janet M.; Driscoll, Daniel G.; Hamade, Ghaith R.; Jarrell, Gregory J.

    2001-01-01

    The Madison and Minnelusa aquifers are two of the most important aquifers in the Black Hills area of South Dakota and Wyoming. Quantification and evaluation of various hydrologic budget components are important for managing and understanding these aquifers. Hydrologic budgets are developed for two scenarios, including an overall budget for the entire study area and more detailed budgets for subareas. Budgets generally are combined for the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers because most budget components cannot be quantified individually for the aquifers. An average hydrologic budget for the entire study area is computed for water years 1987-96, for which change in storage is approximately equal to zero. Annual estimates of budget components are included in detailed budgets for nine subareas, which consider periods of decreasing storage (1987-92) and increasing storage (1993-96). Inflow components include recharge, leakage from adjacent aquifers, and ground-water inflows across the study area boundary. Outflows include springflow (headwater and artesian), well withdrawals, leakage to adjacent aquifers, and ground-water outflow across the study area boundary. Leakage, ground-water inflows, and ground-water outflows are difficult to quantify and cannot be distinguished from one another. Thus, net ground-water flow, which includes these components, is calculated as a residual, using estimates for the other budget components. For the overall budget for water years 1987-96, net ground-water outflow from the study area is computed as 100 ft3/s (cubic feet per second). Estimates of average combined budget components for the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers are: 395 ft3/s for recharge, 78 ft3/s for headwater springflow, 189 ft3/s for artesian springflow, and 28 ft3/s for well withdrawals. Hydrologic budgets also are quantified for nine subareas for periods of decreasing storage (1987-92) and increasing storage (1993-96), with changes in storage assumed equal but opposite. Common subareas are identified for the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers, and previous components from the overall budget generally are distributed over the subareas. Estimates of net ground-water flow for the two aquifers are computed, with net ground-water outflow exceeding inflow for most subareas. Outflows range from 5.9 ft3/s in the area east of Rapid City to 48.6 ft3/s along the southwestern flanks of the Black Hills. Net groundwater inflow exceeds outflow for two subareas where the discharge of large artesian springs exceeds estimated recharge within the subareas. More detailed subarea budgets also are developed, which include estimates of flow components for the individual aquifers at specific flow zones. The net outflows and inflows from the preliminary subarea budgets are used to estimate transmissivity of flow across specific flow zones based on Darcy?s Law. For estimation purposes, it is assumed that transmissivities of the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers are equal in any particular flow zone. The resulting transmissivity estimates range from 90 ft2/d to about 7,400 ft2/d, which is similar to values reported by previous investigators. The highest transmissivity estimates are for areas in the northern and southwestern parts of the study area, and the lowest transmissivity estimates are along the eastern study area boundary. Evaluation of subarea budgets provides confidence in budget components developed for the overall budget, especially regarding precipitation recharge, which is particularly difficult to estimate. Recharge estimates are consistently compatible with other budget components, including artesian springflow, which is a dominant component in many subareas. Calculated storage changes for subareas also are consistent with other budget components, specifically artesian springflow and net ground-water flow, and also are consistent with water-level fluctuations for observation wells. Ground-water budgets and flowpaths are especially complex i

  17. DECISION-MAKING IN THE SCHOOLS: AN OUTSIDER’S VIEW,

    DTIC Science & Technology

    DECISION MAKING , EDUCATION), (*EDUCATION, MANAGEMENT PLANNING AND CONTROL), (*MANAGEMENT PLANNING AND CONTROL, EDUCATION), BUDGETS, MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING, PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT, STUDENTS, LEARNING, OPTIMIZATION

  18. Earth radiation budget measurements from satellites and their interpretation for climate modeling and studies

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Vonderhaar, T. H.; Stephens, G. L.; Campbell, G. G.

    1980-01-01

    The annual and seasonal averaged Earth atmosphere radiation budgets derived from the most complete set of satellite observations available are presented. The budgets were derived from a composite of 48 monthly mean radiation budget maps. Annually and seasonally averaged radiation budgets are presented as global averages and zonal averages. The geographic distribution of the various radiation budget quantities is described. The annual cycle of the radiation budget was analyzed and the annual variability of net flux was shown to be largely dominated by the regular semi and annual cycles forced by external Earth-Sun geometry variations. Radiative transfer calculations were compared to the observed budget quantities and surface budgets were additionally computed with particular emphasis on discrepancies that exist between the present computations and previous surface budget estimates.

  19. Delivering on a gendered definition of health needs in local government budgeting: experiences and concepts.

    PubMed

    Buyana, K

    2009-10-01

    Local governments are granted budgetary power in the Local Governments Act of the Republic of Uganda, which allows for local-level participation and flexibility in the allocation of financial grants channelled annually from central to local governments. The act prescribes a legal mandate to allocate public resources based on local priorities including the health needs of women compared with men. This study investigated the responsiveness of local government budgeting to the health needs of women as compared to men. A qualitative study was conducted in Mpigi district using a set of data collection methods including: a) three (3) focus group discussions with 8 female and 8 male respondents in each group; b) face-to-face interviews with a random sample of 120 households, 75% of which were male-headed and 25% female-headed ; c) key informant interviews with a sample of 10 administrative officers in Mpigi district ; and d) desk-review of the Mpigi district Budget Framework Paper. Health needs consist of the daily requirements, which, arise out of common disease infections and the socioeconomic constraints that affect the well-being of women and men. However, the primary concern of the district health sector is disease control measures, without emphasis on the differing socio-economic interests of women as compared to men. Local government budgeting, therefore, does not reflect the broad community-wide understanding of health needs. Local government budgeting should be informed by a two-fold framework for the gendered definition of health needs. The two-fold framework combines both disease-based health needs and socio-economic needs of women as compared to men.

  20. Global payment for health services as a solution in the financial crisis in Europe.

    PubMed

    Schrijvers, Guus

    2012-10-01

    In these financial difficult years many European governments used global ceilings to control costs of health services. Two scenarios are thinkable. The first is that all individual providers get a budget for their own costs: general practitioners, specialists, hospitals, nursing homes and mental health institutes. The second scenario is to work with global budgets for health care providers servicing a total population. Scientists and policy makers in Europe, North America and Asia need time to design new payment systems based on the idea of global budgeting, bundled payment and shared savings.

  1. Who needs budgets?

    PubMed

    Hope, Jeremy; Fraser, Robin

    2003-02-01

    Budgeting, as most corporations practice it, should be abolished. That may sound radical, but doing so would further companies' long-running efforts to transform themselves into developed networks that can nimbly adjust to market conditions. Most other building blocks are in place, but companies continue to restrict themselves by relying on inflexible budget processes and the command-and-control culture that budgeting entails. A number of companies have rejected the foregone conclusions embedded in budgets, and they've given up the self-interested wrangling over what the data indicate. In the absence of budgets, alternative goals and measures--some financial, such as cost-to-income ratios, and some nonfinancial, such as time to market-move to the foreground. Companies that have rejected budgets require employees to measure themselves against the performance of competitors and against internal peer groups. Because employees don't know whether they've succeeded until they can look back on the results of a given period, they must use every ounce of energy to ensure that they beat the competition. A key feature of many companies that have rejected budgets is the use of rolling forecasts, which are created every few months and typically cover five to eight quarters. Because the forecasts are regularly revised, they allow companies to continuously adapt to market conditions. The forecasting practices of two such companies, both based in Sweden, are examined in detail: the bank Svenska Handelsbanken and the wholesaler Ahlsell. Though the first companies to reject budgets were located in Northern Europe, organizations that have gone beyond budgeting can be found in a range of countries and industries. Their practices allow them to unleash the power of today's management tools and realize the potential of a fully decentralized organization.

  2. 12 CFR 1806.105 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... ENTERPRISE AWARD PROGRAM General Provisions § 1806.105 OMB control number. The collection of information requirements in this part have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and assigned OMB control...

  3. 12 CFR 1806.105 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... ENTERPRISE AWARD PROGRAM General Provisions § 1806.105 OMB control number. The collection of information requirements in this part have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and assigned OMB control...

  4. 12 CFR 1806.105 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... ENTERPRISE AWARD PROGRAM General Provisions § 1806.105 OMB control number. The collection of information requirements in this part have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and assigned OMB control...

  5. 12 CFR 1806.105 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... ENTERPRISE AWARD PROGRAM General Provisions § 1806.105 OMB control number. The collection of information requirements in this part have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and assigned OMB control...

  6. 12 CFR 1806.105 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... ENTERPRISE AWARD PROGRAM General Provisions § 1806.105 OMB control number. The collection of information requirements in this part have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and assigned OMB control...

  7. Attitude analysis of the Earth Radiation Budget Satellite (ERBS) yaw turn anomaly

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kronenwetter, J.; Phenneger, M.; Weaver, William L.

    1988-01-01

    The July 2 Earth Radiation Budget Satellite (ERBS) hydrazine thruster-controlled yaw inversion maneuver resulted in a 2.1 deg/sec attitude spin. This mode continued for 150 minutes until the spacecraft was inertially despun using the hydrazine thrusters. The spacecraft remained in a low-rate Y-axis spin of .06 deg/sec for 3 hours until the B-DOT control mode was activated. After 5 hours in this mode, the spacecraft Y-axis was aligned to the orbit normal, and the spacecraft was commanded to the mission mode of attitude control. This work presents the experience of real-time attitude determination support following analysis using the playback telemetry tape recorded for 7 hours from the start of the attitude control anomaly.

  8. Design Your Own Budget: A Case Study Based on the 1988 Budget.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Williams, Paul

    1992-01-01

    Presents a classroom activity in which students work in groups to develop a national budget. Requires students to consider economic factors such as inflation, unemployment, and taxation. Includes charts and a national budget work sheet. (CFR)

  9. Optimizing insecticide allocation strategies based on houses and livestock shelters for visceral leishmaniasis control in Bihar, India.

    PubMed

    Gorahava, Kaushik K; Rosenberger, Jay M; Mubayi, Anuj

    2015-07-01

    Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most deadly form of the leishmaniasis family of diseases, which affects numerous developing countries. The Indian state of Bihar has the highest prevalence and mortality rate of VL in the world. Insecticide spraying is believed to be an effective vector control program for controlling the spread of VL in Bihar; however, it is expensive and less effective if not implemented systematically. This study develops and analyzes a novel optimization model for VL control in Bihar that identifies an optimal (best possible) allocation of chosen insecticide (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane [DDT] or deltamethrin) based on the sizes of human and cattle populations in the region. The model maximizes the insecticide-induced sandfly death rate in human and cattle dwellings while staying within the current state budget for VL vector control efforts. The model results suggest that deltamethrin might not be a good replacement for DDT because the insecticide-induced sandfly deaths are 3.72 times more in case of DDT even after 90 days post spray. Different insecticide allocation strategies between the two types of sites (houses and cattle sheds) are suggested based on the state VL-control budget and have a direct implication on VL elimination efforts in a resource-limited region. © The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

  10. The relationship between budget allocated and budget utilized of faculties in an academic institution

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Aziz, Wan Noor Hayatie Wan Abdul; Aziz, Rossidah Wan Abdul; Shuib, Adibah; Razi, Nor Faezah Mohamad

    2014-06-01

    Budget planning enables an organization to set priorities towards achieving certain goals and to identify the highest priorities to be accomplished with the available funds, thus allowing allocation of resources according to the set priorities and constraints. On the other hand, budget execution and monitoring enables allocated funds or resources to be utilized as planned. Our study concerns with investigating the relationship between budget allocation and budget utilization of faculties in a public university in Malaysia. The focus is on the university's operations management financial allocation and utilization based on five categories which are emolument expenditure, academic or services and supplies expenditure, maintenance expenditure, student expenditure and others expenditure. The analysis on financial allocation and utilization is performed based on yearly quarters. Data collected include three years faculties' budget allocation and budget utilization performance involving a sample of ten selected faculties of a public university in Malaysia. Results show that there are positive correlation and significant relationship between quarterly budget allocation and quarterly budget utilization. This study found that emolument give the highest contribution to the total allocation and total utilization for all quarters. This paper presents some findings based on statistical analysis conducted which include descriptive statistics and correlation analysis.

  11. Preparing for Decision-Making: Training for Effective School-Based Budgeting in Los Angeles, Chicago, and Denver.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lauber, Diana; Warden, Christine

    So that New York City could build on the experiences of other large cities as it implemented Performance Driven Budgeting (PDB) in the schools, a study was conducted of the school based budgeting training in Los Angeles, Chicago, and Denver. These districts have from 6 to 10 years experience in site-based budgeting. The study is based on…

  12. Evaluating Water Budget Closure Across Spatial Scales: An Observational Approach through Texas Water Observatory

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gaur, N.; Jaimes, A.; Vaughan, S.; Morgan, C.; Moore, G. W.; Miller, G. R.; Everett, M. E.; Lawing, M.; Mohanty, B.

    2017-12-01

    Applications varying from improving water conservation practices at the field scale to predicting global hydrology under a changing climate depend upon our ability to achieve water budget closure. 1) Prevalent heterogeneity in soils, geology and land-cover, 2) uncertainties in observations and 3) space-time scales of our control volume and available data are the main factors affecting the percentage of water budget closure that we can achieve. The Texas Water Observatory presents a unique opportunity to observe the major components of the water cycle (namely precipitation, evapotranspiration, root zone soil moisture, streamflow and groundwater) in varying eco-hydrological regions representative of the lower Brazos River basin at multiple scales. The soils in these regions comprise of heavy clays that swell and shrink to create complex preferential pathways in the sub-surface, thus, making the hydrology in this region difficult to quantify. This work evaluates the water budget of the region by varying the control volume in terms of 3 temporal (weekly, monthly and seasonal) and 3 different spatial scales. The spatial scales are 1) Point scale - that is typical for process understanding of water dynamics, 2) Eddy Covariance footprint scale - that is typical of most eco-hydrological applications at the field scale and, 3) Satellite footprint scale- that is typically used in regional and global hydrological analysis. We employed a simple water balance model to evaluate the water budget at all scales. The point scale water budget was assessed using direct observations from hydro-geo-thematically located observation locations within different eddy covariance footprints. At the eddy covariance footprint scale, the sub-surface of each eddy covariance footprint was intensively characterized using electromagnetic induction (EM 38) and the resultant data was used to calculate the inter-point variability to upscale the sub-surface storage while the satellite scale water budget was evaluated using SMAP satellite observations supplemented with reanalysis products. At the point scale, we found differences in sub-surface storage in the same land-cover depending on the landscape position of the observation point while land-cover significantly affected water budget at the larger scales.

  13. Effectiveness of Foreign Humanitarian Assistance Operations

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-06-09

    activities and money spent. This study investigates the lasting contribution to bilateral partnership from the conduct of U.S. military humanitarian...increasing scrutiny to demonstrate the effectiveness of activities and money spent. This study investigates the lasting contribution to bilateral...increased discussions concerning the money spent on U.S. overseas security commitments. Stemming from the Budget Control Act of 2011, which included

  14. 75 FR 52352 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-25

    ... Hours per Response Total Hours Pre-test 60 1 60 0.25 15 Screener 36,000 1 36,000 0.016 600 Experimental... Request; Experimental Study of Graphic Cigarette Warning Labels AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS... comments should be identified with the OMB control number 0910-NEW and title ``Experimental Study of...

  15. 77 FR 5265 - Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians-Cherokee Code Chapter 18B, Regulation of Alcoholic Beverages

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-02-02

    ... exclusively from the North Carolina Alcoholic Beverage Control Commission at the same price and on the same... issuance and enforcement of ABC permits; (5) Administer an annual budget with said budget to be approved... price as published by North Carolina 18B-804. Where a tax or markup is imposed in this section, the...

  16. Evaluation of the Performance Driven Budget Initiative of the New York City Board of Education. First Annual Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Siegel, Dorothy; Naphtali, Zvia Segal; Fruchter, Norm; Berne, Robert

    In 1996 the Chancellor introduced Performance Driven Budgeting (PDB) to the New York City schools. PDB is a form of decentralized budgetary decision making intended to provide local educators with increased control and flexibility over the use of resources. The plan established a framework of goals and principles, outlined a phased-in…

  17. 75 FR 52351 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request; Resource for the Collection and Evaluation of Human...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-25

    ... submitted to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) a request to review and approve the information... the life styles and exposures and the biospecimens will serve as controls for the assay results... of Management and Budget, at [email protected] or by fax to 202-395-6974. To request more...

  18. The impact of the economic downturn on healthcare in Spain: consequences and alternatives.

    PubMed

    Antonanzas, Fernando

    2013-08-01

    In Spain, the economic downturn has caused big changes in most of the public policies, where healthcare system is the one which is deeply affected too. The objective of the paper is to review some of the recent changes achieved in the system, and to discuss about providing some alternative ideas to the implemented policies. The existing universal coverage previous to the crisis, as acknowledged by the law, has changed last year and the new figure of 'insured person' has been introduced into the system. These persons are now the only ones eligible to receive healthcare under the public coverage. New co-payments have been introduced for drugs, and retired persons must also pay a 10% co-payment (which was 0% before) at the chemist office. Healthcare institutions have also implemented several policies to manage tough budget constraints. Some regions have privatized healthcare management of some hospitals (as Madrid) to control budget and presumably to obtain a higher efficiency. Different initiatives dealing with human resources and external purchases are also presented in this paper to mostly achieve budget control. The majority of the changes have been pure budget cuts and a reorganization of the system and institutions is still needed.

  19. A comparison of three methods of setting prescribing budgets, using data derived from defined daily dose analyses of historic patterns of use.

    PubMed Central

    Maxwell, M; Howie, J G; Pryde, C J

    1998-01-01

    BACKGROUND: Prescribing matters (particularly budget setting and research into prescribing variation between doctors) have been handicapped by the absence of credible measures of the volume of drugs prescribed. AIM: To use the defined daily dose (DDD) method to study variation in the volume and cost of drugs prescribed across the seven main British National Formulary (BNF) chapters with a view to comparing different methods of setting prescribing budgets. METHOD: Study of one year of prescribing statistics from all 129 general practices in Lothian, covering 808,059 patients: analyses of prescribing statistics for 1995 to define volume and cost/volume of prescribing for one year for 10 groups of practices defined by the age and deprivation status of their patients, for seven BNF chapters; creation of prescribing budgets for 1996 for each individual practice based on the use of target volume and cost statistics; comparison of 1996 DDD-based budgets with those set using the conventional historical approach; and comparison of DDD-based budgets with budgets set using a capitation-based formula derived from local cost/patient information. RESULTS: The volume of drugs prescribed was affected by the age structure of the practices in BNF Chapters 1 (gastrointestinal), 2 (cardiovascular), and 6 (endocrine), and by deprivation structure for BNF Chapters 3 (respiratory) and 4 (central nervous system). Costs per DDD in the major BNF chapters were largely independent of age, deprivation structure, or fundholding status. Capitation and DDD-based budgets were similar to each other, but both differed substantially from historic budgets. One practice in seven gained or lost more than 100,000 Pounds per annum using DDD or capitation budgets compared with historic budgets. The DDD-based budget, but not the capitation-based budget, can be used to set volume-specific prescribing targets. CONCLUSIONS: DDD-based and capitation-based prescribing budgets can be set using a simple explanatory model and generalizable methods. In this study, both differed substantially from historic budgets. DDD budgets could be created to accommodate new prescribing strategies and raised or lowered to reflect local intentions to alter overall prescribing volume or cost targets. We recommend that future work on setting budgets and researching prescribing variations should be based on DDD statistics. PMID:10024703

  20. The Budget Process in Parks and Recreation. A Case Study Manual.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kelsey, Craig; Gray, Howard

    This case study manual, designed for undergraduate or graduate students studying the area of parks and recreation fiscal management, considers the practical, critical skills of budgeting techniques. The manual deals with the most common budgeting styles in a step-by-step approach with case study exercises. Each chapter includes an introduction to…

  1. The Politics of Defence Budgeting: A Study of Organisation and Resource Allocation in the United Kingdom and the United States,

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1983-01-01

    fourth responsible for guided weapons and electronics across-the-board. Each controller would be an accounting officer directly responsible to... electronics . Thereafter, as Hastie Smith says, "the identification of the systems controllers with their Service boards [the committees corporately...COMM. COMD. ASST SECDEF CNTR & INTEL) (HEALTH AFFAIRS) ASST TO THE SECDEF (ATOMIC ENERGY ) R DEFENSE LLIGENCE SE AGENCIES DEESEDFES)EFENSE DEFENSE

  2. Hospital ownership and drug utilization under a global budget: a quantile regression analysis.

    PubMed

    Zhang, Jing Hua; Chou, Shin-Yi; Deily, Mary E; Lien, Hsien-Ming

    2014-03-01

    A global budgeting system helps control the growth of healthcare spending by setting expenditure ceilings. However, the hospital global budget implemented in Taiwan in 2002 included a special provision: drug expenditures are reimbursed at face value, while other expenditures are subject to discounting. That gives hospitals, particularly those that are for-profit, an incentive to increase drug expenditures in treating patients. We calculated monthly drug expenditures by hospital departments from January 1997 to June 2006, using a sample of 348 193 patient claims to Taiwan National Health Insurance. To allow for variation among responses by departments with differing reliance on drugs and among hospitals of different ownerships, we used quantile regression to identify the effect of the hospital global budget on drug expenditures. Although drug expenditure increased in all hospital departments after the enactment of the hospital global budget, departments in for-profit hospitals that rely more heavily on drug treatments increased drug spending more, relative to public hospitals. Our findings suggest that a global budgeting system with special reimbursement provisions for certain treatment categories may alter treatment decisions and may undermine cost-containment goals, particularly among for-profit hospitals.

  3. Fiscal rules, powerful levers for controlling the health budget? Evidence from 32 OECD countries.

    PubMed

    Schakel, Herman Christiaan; Wu, Erilia Hao; Jeurissen, Patrick

    2018-03-01

    Publicly funded healthcare forms an intricate part of government spending in most Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, because of its reliance on entitlements and dedicated revenue streams. The impact of budgetary rules and procedures on publicly funded health care might thus be different from other spending categories. In this study we focus on the potential of fiscal rules to contain these costs and their design features. We assess the relationship between fiscal rules and the level of public health care expenditure of 32 (OECD) countries between 1985 and 2014. Our dataset consists of health care expenditure data of the OECD and data on fiscal rules of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for that same period. Through a multivariate regression analysis, we estimate the association between fiscal rules and its subcategories and inflation adjusted public health care expenditure. We control for population, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), debt and whether countries received an IMF bailout for the specific period. In all our regressions we include country and year fixed effects. The presence of a fiscal rule on average is associated with a 3 % reduction of public health care expenditure. Supranational balanced budget rules are associated with some 8 % lower expenditure. Health service provision-oriented countries with more passive purchasing structures seem less capable of containing costs through fiscal rules. Fiscal rules demonstrate lagged effectiveness; the potential for expenditure reduction increases after one and two years of fiscal rule implementation. Finally, we find evidence that fiscal frameworks that incorporate multi-year expenditure ceilings show additional potential for cost control. Our study shows that there seems a clear relationship between the potential of fiscal rules and budgeting health expenses. Using fiscal rules to contain the level of health care expenditure can thus be a necessary precondition for successful strategies for cost control.

  4. Analyzing Content about the Federal Budget, National Debt, and Budget Deficit in High School and College-Level Economics Textbooks

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Marri, Anand R.; Gaudelli, William; Cohen, Aviv; Siegel, Brad; Wylie, Scott; Crocco, Margaret S.; Grolnick, Maureen

    2012-01-01

    This study sought to identify content on the federal budget, national debt, and budget deficit in the 12 most commonly used high school and college-level economics textbooks. Our systematic review of these sources leads to two key findings: (1) Textbooks are similar in how they represent fiscal policy yet treat the federal budget, deficit, and…

  5. Perceived quality of management information and the influence of overspending penalties in the NHS.

    PubMed

    Marriott, N; Mellett, H

    1996-11-01

    The information needs of managers have changed considerably since the introduction of the internal market and many NHS units have invested in new management information systems to enhance the organization's performance. The characteristics of good quality information include accuracy, timeliness and comprehension. Information for management control also benefits from participation between the provider and the user. There are behavioural implications of using information as a control device and managers must internalize the financial objectives of the organization, usually expressed in budget reports. Failure to meet targets must attract penalties that will influence the managers' behaviour. They must respond to the information provided if control is to be exercised. This paper gives the results of a study into managers' perceptions of the adequacy and usefulness of financial information and the impact of penalties for overspending. It concludes that the financial information currently provided fails to meet many of the criteria of good quality information. Any perceived penalty for failing to attain budget-related goals is better than none, and there is little distinction between an overt reprimand and the ultimate sanction of dismissal.

  6. Recommendations to Strengthen Civil Society and Balance Michigan's State Budget, 2nd Edition. An Analysis of Fiscal-Year 2003-04 Appropriations and Recommendations for 2004-05. Revision of the March 2003 Study. A Mackinac Center Report

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    LaFaive, Michael D.

    2004-01-01

    As the debate rages in Lansing over the size and scope of the 2004-2005 Fiscal Year state budget, the Mackinac Center for Public Policy is republishing and updating budget cutting ideas from its March 2003 study, "Recommendations to Strengthen Civil Society and Balance Michigan's Budget." The 2003 study made over 200 recommendations…

  7. Use of selected ambulatory dental services in Taiwan before and after global budgeting: a longitudinal study to identify trends in hospital and clinic-based services.

    PubMed

    Lin, Chienhung; Chao, Hailun

    2012-09-25

    The Taiwan government adopted National Health Insurance (NHI) in 1995, providing universal health care to all citizens. It was financed by mandatory premium contributions made by employers, employees, and the government. Since then, the government has faced increasing challenges to control NHI expenditures. The aim of this study was to determine trends in the provision of dental services in Taiwan after the implementation of global budgeting in 1998 and to identify areas of possible concern. This longitudinal before/after study was based on data from the National Health Insurance Research Database from 1996 to 2001. These data were subjected to logistic regression analysis. Linear regression analysis was used to examine changes in delivery of specific services after global budgeting implementation. Utilization of hospital and clinic services was compared. Reimbursement for dental services increased significantly while the number of visits per patient remained steady in both hospitals and clinics. In hospitals, visits for root canal procedures, ionomer restoration, tooth extraction and tooth scaling increased significantly. In dental clinics, visits for amalgam restoration decreased significantly while those for ionomer restoration, tooth extraction, and tooth scaling increased significantly. After the adoption of global budgeting, expenditures for dental services increased dramatically while the number of visits per patient did not, indicating a possible shift in patients to hospital facilities that received additional National Health Insurance funding. The identified trends indicate increased utilization of dental services and uneven distribution of care and dentists. These trends may be compromising the quality of dental care delivered in Taiwan.

  8. Precessional control of Sr ratios in marginal basins during the Messinian Salinity Crisis?

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Topper, R. P. M.; Lugli, S.; Manzi, V.; Roveri, M.; Meijer, P. Th.

    2014-05-01

    Based on 87Sr/86Sr data of the Primary Lower Gypsum (PLG) deposits in the Vena del Gesso basin—a marginal basin of the Mediterranean during the Messinian Salinity Crisis—a correlation between 87Sr/86Sr values and precessional forcing has recently been proposed but not yet confirmed. In this study, a box model is set up to represent the Miocene Mediterranean deep basin and a connected marginal basin. Measurements of 87Sr/86Sr in the Vena del Gesso and estimated salinity extrema are used to constrain model results. In an extensive analysis with this model, we assess whether coeval 87Sr/86Sr and salinity fluctuations could have been forced by precession-driven changes in the fresh water budget. A comprehensive set of the controlling parameters is examined to assess the conditions under which precession-driven 87Sr/86Sr variations occur and to determine the most likely setting for PLG formation. Model results show that precession-driven 87Sr/86Sr and salinity fluctuations in marginal basins are produced in settings within a large range of marginal basin sizes, riverine strontium characteristics, amplitudes of precessional fresh water budget variation, and average fresh water budgets of both the marginal and deep basin. PLG deposition most likely occurred when the Atlantic-Mediterranean connection was restricted, and the average fresh water budget in the Mediterranean was significantly less negative than at present day. Considering the large range of settings in which salinities and 87Sr/86Sr fluctuate on a precessional timescale, 87Sr/86Sr variations are expected to be a common feature in PLG deposits in marginal basins of the Mediterranean.

  9. 31 CFR 25.101 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false OMB control number. 25.101 Section 25... control number. The reporting requirements in this part have been approved under the Office of Management and Budget control number 1505-0109. ...

  10. 7 CFR 4284.1100 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... RURAL UTILITIES SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GRANTS Agriculture Innovation Demonstration Centers... have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number...

  11. Earth Radiation Budget Science, 1978. [conferences

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1978-01-01

    An earth radiation budget satellite system planned in order to understand climate on various temporal and spatial scales is considered. Topics discussed include: climate modeling, climate diagnostics, radiation modeling, radiation variability and correlation studies, cloudiness and the radiation budget, and radiation budget and related measurements in 1985 and beyond.

  12. 75 FR 78252 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-15

    ... Review Boards--OMB Control Number 0910-0130--Extension When reviewing clinical research studies regulated... participating in clinical research. In the Federal Register of August 17, 2010 (75 FR 50766), FDA published a 60... IRB will use in performing its functions; the research protocols, informed consent documents, progress...

  13. Mapping the future: U.S. exposure to multiple landscape stressors

    Treesearch

    Marie Oliver; Becky Kerns; John Kim; Jeff Kline

    2017-01-01

    Landscape exposure to multiple stressors can pose risks to human health, biodiversity, and ecosystem services. Attempts to study, control, or mitigate these stressors can strain public and private budgets. An interdisciplinary team of Pacific Northwest Research Station and Oregon State University scientists created maps of the conterminous United States that indicate...

  14. 75 FR 75477 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-03

    ... potential pharmaceutical options (OMB control no. 0910-0649). Design Overview This study will be conducted.... This design will allow us to compare consumers' perceptions of efficacy with a more objective measure... completely balanced design would also include a negative framing condition (which would provide only the...

  15. A Case Study of School District Consolidation

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cronin, Joseph M.

    2010-01-01

    Several New England states have been rethinking the system whereby small towns make the key decisions about school budgets and staffing under the banner of local control. Maine already has mandated a reduction in the number of local school districts from 290 to 80, allowing localities to vote on the larger districts. This consolidation, unpopular…

  16. Topography-mediated controls on local vegetation phenology estimated from MODIS vegetation index

    Treesearch

    Taehee Hwang; Conghe Song; James Vose; Lawrence Band

    2011-01-01

    Forest canopy phenology is an important constraint on annual water and carbon budgets, and responds to regional interannual climate variation. In steep terrain, there are complex spatial variations in phenology due to topographic influences on microclimate, community composition, and available soil moisture. In this study, we investigate spatial patterns of phenology...

  17. Using Goal Analysis to Drive Improvements in Performance and Outcomes

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lawlor, David; Spitz, Romy; York, Michaela; Harvey, Brenda

    2013-01-01

    Economic pressures for public health and human services systems to control budgets are increasing the need for demonstrating value of support services provided to persons with intellectual disabilities. In this article, we build from earlier work that presented a method for assessing goal attainment to expand the study of goal characteristics as a…

  18. 77 FR 38710 - Information Collection Activities: Submission for the Office of Management and Budget (OMB...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-06-28

    ... knowledge, behavior, and perceptions of various child passenger safety (CPS) messages. Demographic... go with child passengers (e.g., child care centers). They will be asked to participate in the study.... 242/pp. 78334-78335). OMB Control Number: 2127-New. Title: Effectiveness of Child Passenger Safety...

  19. HIV incidence and CDC's HIV prevention budget: an exploratory correlational analysis.

    PubMed

    Holtgrave, David R; Kates, Jennifer

    2007-01-01

    The central evaluative question about a national HIV prevention program is whether that program affects HIV incidence. Numerous factors may influence incidence, including public investment in HIV prevention. Few studies, however, have examined the relationship between public investment and the HIV epidemic in the United States. This 2006 exploratory analysis examined the period from 1978 through 2006 using a quantitative, lagged, correlational analysis to capture the relationship between national HIV incidence and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's HIV prevention budget in the United States over time. The analyses suggest that early HIV incidence rose in advance of the nation's HIV prevention investment until the mid-1980s (1-year lag correlation, r=0.972, df=2, p <0.05). From that point on, it appears that the nation's investment in HIV prevention became a strong correlate of HIV incidence (1-year lag correlation, r=-0.905, df=18, p <0.05). This exploratory study provides correlational evidence of a relationship between U.S. HIV incidence and the federal HIV prevention budget over time, and calls for further analysis of the role of funding and other factors that may influence the direction of a nation's HIV epidemic.

  20. Coordinated field study for CaPE: Analysis of energy and water budgets

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Goodman, Steven J.; Duchon, Claude; Kanemasu, Edward T.; Smith, Eric A.; Crosson, William; Laymon, Chip; Luvall, Jeff

    1993-01-01

    The objectives of this hydrologic cycle study are to understand and model (1) surface energy and land-atmosphere water transfer processes, and (2) interactions between convective storms and surface energy fluxes. A surface energy budget measurement campaign was carried out by an interdisciplinary science team during the period July 8 - August 19, 1991 as part of the Convection and Precipitation/Electrification Experiment (CaPE) in the vicinity of Cape Canaveral, FL. Among the research themes associated with CaPE is the remote estimation of rainfall. Thus, in addition to surface radiation and energy budget measurements, surface mesonet, special radiosonde, precipitation, high-resolution satellite (SPOT) data, geosynchronous (GOES) and polar orbiting (DMSP SSM/I, OLS; NOAA AVHRR) satellite data, and high altitude airplane data (AMPR, MAMS, HIS) were collected. Initial quality control of the seven surface flux station data sets has begun. Ancillary data sets are being collected and assembled for analysis. Browsing of GOES and radar data has begun to classify days as disturbed/undisturbed to identify the larger scale forcing of the pre-convective environment, convection storms and precipitation. The science analysis plan has been finalized and tasks assigned to various investigators.

  1. Playing Hardball with Facilities Expenses.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fickes, Michael

    1997-01-01

    Describes one school district manager's tactics for successfully controlling district costs and increasing capital improvements while only marginally increasing the facilities maintenance budget. Highlights guidelines for controlling personnel requirements and cost-reduction methods. Discusses specific cost-control measures involving telephone…

  2. 7 CFR 1955.100 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, RURAL BUSINESS...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) PROPERTY MANAGEMENT Management of Property § 1955.100 OMB control number... Management and Budget and assigned OMB control number 0575-0110. ...

  3. The final word. OSHA's final ruling offers firm deadlines for infection control.

    PubMed

    West, K

    1992-03-01

    Departments that have put off program development while waiting for the final ruling to be published have a lot of work to do. Many departments have been cited and fined by OSHA in the past year for failure to begin infection-control programs or provide hepatitis-B vaccines to personnel. Under the new budget, OSHA was granted permission to up its fine structure sevenfold--thus, a small fine is $7,000, and the highest fine for a single violation is $70,000. Fines can have a greater impact on a department's budget than implementation of the program over time. A key point to remember is that a strong infection-control program will reduce exposure follow-up costs and worker-compensation claims. Infection control is a win-win situation.

  4. 7 CFR 1778.100 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false OMB control number. 1778.100 Section 1778.100... AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) EMERGENCY AND IMMINENT COMMUNITY WATER ASSISTANCE GRANTS § 1778.100 OMB control number... Management and Budget and assigned OMB control number 0572-0110. ...

  5. 7 CFR 1778.100 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2014-01-01 2013-01-01 true OMB control number. 1778.100 Section 1778.100... AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) EMERGENCY AND IMMINENT COMMUNITY WATER ASSISTANCE GRANTS § 1778.100 OMB control number... Management and Budget and assigned OMB control number 0572-0110. ...

  6. 7 CFR 1778.100 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false OMB control number. 1778.100 Section 1778.100... AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) EMERGENCY AND IMMINENT COMMUNITY WATER ASSISTANCE GRANTS § 1778.100 OMB control number... Management and Budget and assigned OMB control number 0572-0110. ...

  7. Precipitation control over inorganic nitrogen import-export budgets across watersheds: a synthesis of long-term ecological research

    Treesearch

    E.S. Kane; E.F. Betts; A.J. Burgin; H.M. Cliverd; C.L. Crenshaw; J.B. Fellman; I.H. Myers-Smith; J.A. O' Donnell; D.J. Sobota; W.J. Van Verseveld; J.B. Jones

    2008-01-01

    We investigated long-term and seasonal patterns of N imports and exports, as well as patterns following climate perturbations, across biomes using data from 15 watersheds from nine Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites in North America. Mean dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) import-export budgets (N import via precipitation-N export via stream flow) for common...

  8. Providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 3581) to amend the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 to increase transparency in Federal budgeting, and for other purposes.

    THOMAS, 112th Congress

    Rep. Woodall, Rob [R-GA-7

    2012-02-06

    House - 02/07/2012 On agreeing to the resolution Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: 239 - 181 (Roll no. 39). (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status Agreed to in HouseHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

  9. Increasing the Effectiveness of Navy Retention Compensation by Evaluating Different Auction Compensation Formats

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-06-01

    ABBREVIATIONS ACCP aviation career continuation pay BCA Budget Control Act CO commanding officer DOD Department of Defense MILPERS Military Personnel...healthcare costs, overhaul retirement benefits, set a limit on pay increases, and eliminate acquisition programs. Ensuring an optimum level of...Congressional Budget Office, 2014). This appropriation houses the basic pay , allowances and retention bonuses that are offered to service members

  10. Budget management.

    PubMed

    Hughes, G

    1997-05-01

    Budgetary responsibility gives you more control. Take time to master the fine detail, ask questions of your management and finance colleagues about anything you do not understand (you will not lose face), and develop the skills of lateral thinking and creative accountancy. Even if your budget is repeatedly overspent do not take it personally, ensure that management are aware of it and have a good night's sleep. Do not worry about it.

  11. Partial budget of the discounted annual benefit of mastitis control strategies.

    PubMed

    Allore, H G; Erb, H N

    1998-08-01

    The objective of this study was to rank the benefits associated with various mastitis control strategies in simulated herds with intramammary infections caused by Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus spp. other than Strep. agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, and Escherichia coli. The control strategies tested were prevention, vaccination for E. coli, lactation therapy, and dry cow antibiotic therapy. Partial budgets were based on changes caused by mastitis control strategies from the mean values for milk, fat, and protein yields of the control herd and the number of cows that were culled under a fixed mastitis culling criterion. Each annual benefit (dollars per cow per year) of a mastitis control strategy was compared with the revenue for the control herd and was calculated under two different milk pricing plans (3.5% milk fat and multiple-component pricing), three net replacement costs, and three prevalences of pathogen-specific intramammary infection. Twenty replicates of each control strategy were run with SIMMAST (a dynamic discrete event stochastic simulation model) for 5 simulated yr. Rankings of discounted annual benefits differed only slightly according to milk pricing plans within a pathogen group but differed among the pathogen groups. Differences in net replacement costs for cows culled because of mastitis did not change the ranking of control strategies within a pathogen group. Both prevention and dry cow therapy were important mastitis control strategies. For herds primarily infected with environmental pathogens, strategies that included vaccination for mastitis caused by E. coli dominated strategies that did not include vaccination against this microorganism.

  12. The balancing act: experts' opinions about the relative resourcing of tobacco control efforts for the general population versus disadvantaged populations.

    PubMed

    Paul, Christine Louise; Bonevski, Billie; Turon, Heidi Erin; Bryant, Jamie

    2012-07-01

    Despite the persistent socioeconomic gradient associated with smoking, little is known about how to 'close the gap'. There is a debate regarding the implications of directing resources away from general population efforts towards disadvantaged groups. The study explored views of those with expertise in tobacco control about the appropriate balance of tobacco control resourcing between the general population and disadvantaged groups. A Web-based survey of 192 respondents (response rate 65%) working in tobacco control in Australia and New Zealand was completed. Respondents were sampled from the Australian and New Zealand Tobacco Control Contact List and a literature search. Respondents were asked to allocate a hypothetical budget for: (a) anti-tobacco mass media campaigns; and (b) tobacco control research. The vast majority (93%) of respondents believed that some tobacco control resources should be specifically directed towards disadvantaged groups. Respondents believed up to half of mass media resources should be directed towards disadvantaged groups. In the case of tobacco control research, the median allocation to the general population was approximately one-third of a hypothetical research budget. It appears there is a desire among the Australian and New Zealand tobacco control community for substantial effort to be directed towards disadvantaged groups. It is important to develop an evidence base to ensure an efficient and equitable approach to balancing the potentially competing demands of general population versus disadvantaged group activities in relation to tobacco control. © 2012 Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs.

  13. Evaluating the Effects of Constriction by Levees on a Dynamic Gravel-Bed River through Morphological Sediment Budgeting and Bed Mobility Studies, Snake River, WY

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Leonard, C.; Legleiter, C. J.

    2014-12-01

    High-energy gravel-bed rivers are subject to a range of management practices used to control the system's dynamic behavior. The Snake River, near Jackson, WY, offers an opportunity to study the morphological effects of management practices through a comparison of a reach confined by levees to an unmanaged reach just upstream within Grand Teton National Park (GTNP). I hypothesize that levees have reduced sediment supply by disconnecting the river from its banks and increased transport capacity by increasing flow velocity. Together, these effects accentuate the sediment deficit in the leveed reach. To test this I am developing a morphological sediment budget from GTNP to Wilson, WY, using LiDAR data from 2007 and 2012. This analysis will yield insight as to how sediment transport varies between the relatively natural reach in GTNP and the leveed reach downstream. A problem inherent to morphological budgets is the inability to decipher when change occurs within the budget timeframe. To combat this, a partial mobility study was executed using 300 PIT tagged gravels within the leveed reach. Gravels were relocated to decipher how bed mobility and sediment transport varied with grain size under a range of hydraulic conditions. These results are then used to estimate a critical discharge representing the inception of bed motion and geomorphic change. The critical discharge will be used to reconstruct the timing of bed mobility based on streamflow records and thus deconvolve when morphological change occurred during the sediment budget period. I further hypothesize that a greater imbalance between transport capacity and sediment supply in the leveed reach causes the bed to armor, resulting in larger critical shear stresses and implying that the bed will be mobilized only during greater discharge events. To test this hypothesis I will measure armor ratios within the leveed reach and examine how bed mobility differs between the two reaches by comparing the results of our partial mobility study to a previous tracer study within GTNP.

  14. 7 CFR 1721.109 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... AGRICULTURE POST-LOAN POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR INSURED ELECTRIC LOANS Extensions of Payments of Principal... approved by the Office of Management and Budget and assigned OMB control number 0572-0123. ...

  15. Interdisciplinary study of atmospheric processes and constituents of the mid-Atlantic coastal region.. [air pollution control studies in Virginia

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kindle, E. C.; Bandy, E. C.; Copeland, G.; Blais, R.; Levy, G.; Sonenshine, D.

    1975-01-01

    Past research projects for the year 1974-1975 are listed along with future research programs in the area of air pollution control, remote sensor analysis of smoke plumes, the biosphere component, and field experiments. A detailed budget analysis is presented. Attachments are included on the following topics: mapping forest vegetation with ERTS-1 MSS data and automatic data processing techniques, and use of LARS system for the quantitative determination of smoke plume lateral diffusion coefficients from ERTS images of Virginia.

  16. Mask characterization for CDU budget breakdown in advanced EUV lithography

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nikolsky, Peter; Strolenberg, Chris; Nielsen, Rasmus; Nooitgedacht, Tjitte; Davydova, Natalia; Yang, Greg; Lee, Shawn; Park, Chang-Min; Kim, Insung; Yeo, Jeong-Ho

    2012-11-01

    As the ITRS Critical Dimension Uniformity (CDU) specification shrinks, semiconductor companies need to maintain a high yield of good wafers per day and a high performance (and hence market value) of finished products. This cannot be achieved without continuous analysis and improvement of on-product CDU as one of the main drivers for process control and optimization with better understanding of main contributors from the litho cluster: mask, process, metrology and scanner. In this paper we will demonstrate a study of mask CDU characterization and its impact on CDU Budget Breakdown (CDU BB) performed for an advanced EUV lithography with 1D and 2D feature cases. We will show that this CDU contributor is one of the main differentiators between well-known ArFi and new EUV CDU budgeting principles. We found that reticle contribution to intrafield CDU should be characterized in a specific way: mask absorber thickness fingerprints play a role comparable with reticle CDU in the total reticle part of the CDU budget. Wafer CD fingerprints, introduced by this contributor, may or may not compensate variations of mask CD's and hence influence on total mask impact on intrafield CDU at the wafer level. This will be shown on 1D and 2D feature examples in this paper. Also mask stack reflectivity variations should be taken into account: these fingerprints have visible impact on intrafield CDs at the wafer level and should be considered as another contributor to the reticle part of EUV CDU budget. We observed also MEEF-through-field fingerprints in the studied EUV cases. Variations of MEEF may also play a role for the total intrafield CDU and may be taken into account for EUV Lithography. We characterized MEEF-through-field for the reviewed features, the results to be discussed in our paper, but further analysis of this phenomenon is required. This comprehensive approach to characterization of the mask part of EUV CDU characterization delivers an accurate and integral CDU Budget Breakdown per product/process and Litho tool. The better understanding of the entire CDU budget for advanced EUVL nodes achieved by Samsung and ASML helps to extend the limits of Moore's Law and to deliver successful implementation of smaller, faster and smarter chips in semiconductor industry.

  17. Budgeting in Higher Education (Teaching Module).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Emery, Rebecca A.

    A teaching module or student-oriented learning outline on budgeting in higher education is presented. The module is designed for either group or individual student use and is specifically for the study of higher education. Objectives of the unit are as follows: define "budget," list and describe several types of budgets, cite the three phases of…

  18. Straight from the source's mouth; a quantitative study of grain-size export for an entire active rift, the Corinth Rift, central Greece

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Watkins, Stephen E.; Whittaker, Alexander C.; Bell, Rebecca E.; Brooke, Sam A. S.; McNeill, Lisa C.; Gawthorpe, Robert L.

    2017-04-01

    The volumes, grain sizes and characteristics of sediment supplied from source catchments fundamentally controls basin stratigraphy. However, to date, few studies have constrained sediment budgets, including grain size, released into an active rift basin at a regional scale. The Gulf of Corinth, central Greece, is one of the most rapidly extending rifts in the world, with geodetic measurements of 5 mm/yr in the East to 15 mm/yr in the West. It has well-constrained climatic and tectonic boundary conditions and bedrock lithologies are well-characterised. It is therefore an ideal natural laboratory to study the grain-size export for a rift. In the field, we visited the river mouths of 49 catchments draining into the Corinth Gulf, which in total drain 83% of the rift. At each site, hydraulic geometries, surface grain-size of channel bars and full-weighted grain-size distributions of river sediment were obtained. The surface grain-size was measured using the Wolman point count method and the full-weighted grain-size distribution of the bedload by in-situ sieving. In total, approximately 17,000 point counts and 3 tonnes of sediment were processed. The grain-size distributions show an overall increase from East to West on the southern coast of the gulf, with largest grain-sizes exported from the Western rift catchments. D84 ranges from 20 to 110 mm, however 50% of D84 grain-sizes are less than 40 mm. Subsequently, we derived the full Holocene sediment budget for the Corinth Gulf by combining our grain size data with catchment sediment fluxes, constrained using the BQART model and calibrated to known Holocene sediment volumes in the basin from seismic data (c.f. Watkins et al., in review). This is the first time such a budget has been derived for the Corinth Rift. Finally, our estimates of sediment budgets and grain sizes were compared to regional uplift constraints, fault distributions, slip rates and lithology to identify the relative importance of these controls on sediment supply to the basin.

  19. Wave energy budget analysis in the Earth’s radiation belts uncovers a missing energy

    PubMed Central

    Artemyev, A.V.; Agapitov, O.V.; Mourenas, D.; Krasnoselskikh, V.V.; Mozer, F.S.

    2015-01-01

    Whistler-mode emissions are important electromagnetic waves pervasive in the Earth’s magnetosphere, where they continuously remove or energize electrons trapped by the geomagnetic field, controlling radiation hazards to satellites and astronauts and the upper-atmosphere ionization or chemical composition. Here, we report an analysis of 10-year Cluster data, statistically evaluating the full wave energy budget in the Earth’s magnetosphere, revealing that a significant fraction of the energy corresponds to hitherto generally neglected very oblique waves. Such waves, with 10 times smaller magnetic power than parallel waves, typically have similar total energy. Moreover, they carry up to 80% of the wave energy involved in wave–particle resonant interactions. It implies that electron heating and precipitation into the atmosphere may have been significantly under/over-valued in past studies considering only conventional quasi-parallel waves. Very oblique waves may turn out to be a crucial agent of energy redistribution in the Earth’s radiation belts, controlled by solar activity. PMID:25975615

  20. Wave energy budget analysis in the Earth's radiation belts uncovers a missing energy.

    PubMed

    Artemyev, A V; Agapitov, O V; Mourenas, D; Krasnoselskikh, V V; Mozer, F S

    2015-05-15

    Whistler-mode emissions are important electromagnetic waves pervasive in the Earth's magnetosphere, where they continuously remove or energize electrons trapped by the geomagnetic field, controlling radiation hazards to satellites and astronauts and the upper-atmosphere ionization or chemical composition. Here, we report an analysis of 10-year Cluster data, statistically evaluating the full wave energy budget in the Earth's magnetosphere, revealing that a significant fraction of the energy corresponds to hitherto generally neglected very oblique waves. Such waves, with 10 times smaller magnetic power than parallel waves, typically have similar total energy. Moreover, they carry up to 80% of the wave energy involved in wave-particle resonant interactions. It implies that electron heating and precipitation into the atmosphere may have been significantly under/over-valued in past studies considering only conventional quasi-parallel waves. Very oblique waves may turn out to be a crucial agent of energy redistribution in the Earth's radiation belts, controlled by solar activity.

  1. 7 CFR 1779.100 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false OMB control number. 1779.100 Section 1779.100... AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) WATER AND WASTE DISPOSAL PROGRAMS GUARANTEED LOANS § 1779.100 OMB control number. The... Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0572-0122. ...

  2. 7 CFR 1779.100 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false OMB control number. 1779.100 Section 1779.100... AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) WATER AND WASTE DISPOSAL PROGRAMS GUARANTEED LOANS § 1779.100 OMB control number. The... Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0572-0122. ...

  3. 7 CFR 1779.100 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2014-01-01 2013-01-01 true OMB control number. 1779.100 Section 1779.100... AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) WATER AND WASTE DISPOSAL PROGRAMS GUARANTEED LOANS § 1779.100 OMB control number. The... Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0572-0122. ...

  4. Optimal control of diarrhea transmission in a flood evacuation zone

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Erwina, N.; Aldila, D.; Soewono, E.

    2014-03-01

    Evacuation of residents and diarrhea disease outbreak in evacuation zone have become serious problem that frequently happened during flood periods. Limited clean water supply and infrastructure in evacuation zone contribute to a critical spread of diarrhea. Transmission of diarrhea disease can be reduced by controlling clean water supply and treating diarrhea patients properly. These treatments require significant amount of budget, which may not be fulfilled in the fields. In his paper, transmission of diarrhea disease in evacuation zone using SIRS model is presented as control optimum problem with clean water supply and rate of treated patients as input controls. Existence and stability of equilibrium points and sensitivity analysis are investigated analytically for constant input controls. Optimum clean water supply and rate of treatment are found using optimum control technique. Optimal results for transmission of diarrhea and the corresponding controls during the period of observation are simulated numerically. The optimum result shows that transmission of diarrhea disease can be controlled with proper combination of water supply and rate of treatment within allowable budget.

  5. Sediment budget on African passive margins: a record of margin bulges and far field very long wavelength deformations

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Guillocheau, Francois; Robin, Cécile; Baby, Guillaume; Simon, Brendan; Rouby, Delphine; Loparev, Artiom

    2017-04-01

    The post-rift siliciclastic sediment budget of passive margins is a function of (1) the deformation (uplift) of the upstream catchment, of (2) the climate (precipitation) regime and of (3) the oceanic circulation (mainly since Miocene times). The main questions in source to sink studies are (1) to quantify the relative importance of the erosion due to uplifts or to precipitation changes and (2) to characterize the source of the sediments. A source to sink study was carried out in Western, Central and Austral Africa, characterized by anorogenic relief (plains and plateaus) that record long (several 100 km) to very long (several 1000 km) wavelength deformations respectively of lithospheric and mantle origin. The sink measurement was based on seismic lines and wells (industrial - IODP) using the VolumeEstimator software including the calculation of the uncertainties (Guillocheau et al., 2013, Basin Research). The source study was performed using dated stepped planation surfaces (etchplains and pediplains), mappable at catchments-scale (Guillocheau et al., in press, Gondwana Research). Results: (1) Deformation (uplift) is the dominant control of the sediment budget. Climate (precipitation) changes only enhance or inhibit a deformation-controlled flux. (2) The sources of siliciclastic sediments are either closed marginal bulges or far field domes due to mantle dynamics with river by-passing over long-lasting polygenic surfaces located between the bulges and domes. Two main periods of African-scale deformations (contemporaneous with an increase of the sedimentary flux) are confirmed, one during Late Cretaceous (Turonian-Coniacian) and the second around the Eocene-Oligocene boundary with a gap and intense chemical erosion from 75 Ma and mainly from 65 to 40 Ma.

  6. The Federal Budget Process - Lessons That Can Be Learned

    ScienceCinema

    Goldberg, Stephen

    2017-12-22

    The talk will provide up-to-date information on the Federal budget process and present three informative case studies regarding the intersection of budget decisions with important National policy decisions. In conclusion, the lecture will provide a preview of topics that may be interest for future study.

  7. Identifying the dominant thermal controls in a small salmonid-bearing creek with DTS and LDCA

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hatch, C. E.; Boughton, D. A.; Mora, E.

    2012-12-01

    Temperature has long been used as an indicator of ecosystem health and suitability for aquatic species, particularly in sensitive areas crucial to the persistence of declining fish populations. In addition, the EPA may soon implement TMDLs for stream temperatures throughout the U.S. Typically, stream temperature surveys have long duration but only at point locations, limiting the precision of efforts to predict stream temperatures or understand broader climate linkages. Specifically, single temperature loggers give no insight into the spatial heterogeneity of thermal conditions often exploited by biota. Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) provides temperature data at high spatial and temporal resolution up to 5-km in length, allowing for detailed assessment of a creek's heat budget. Rather than calculating a detailed energy balance from a single site or using a statistical approach, here we describe a hybrid method that uses Least Dependent Component Analysis (LDCA) capable of taking advantage of DTS data density in time and space. The method identifies distinct thermal components in the stream's heat budget, using only temperature data and an algorithm based on mutual information that "unmixes" signals in the temperature data. These signals can be interpreted as sets of heat-flux elements sharing coordinated (non-independent) dynamics, both simplifying the number of heat budget components as well as the number thermally forcing stream temperatures. Comparing these components to meteorological data and fluvial system structure allowed us to relate the groups back to causal heating and cooling mechanisms, which can be tested directly with targeted heat-budget studies. We applied this method to a small, arid-land creek, and found that a minimum of three distinct components were necessary to describe the thermal heterogeneity of a 1-km reach. We could also estimate a spatial response profile of each component, yielding insight into possible links between stream geomorphology and function. This method shows promise to aid with siting and defining detailed heat-budget studies, determining the dimensionality of heat budgets in natural streams, and more broadly for associating thermal components to fluvial structure and processes.

  8. Overseas Contingency Operations Funding: Background and Status

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-02-07

    emergency” or “Overseas Contingency Operation/ Global War on Terror” (OCO/GWOT) requirement in annual agency budget requests—or both. Funds designated as...to be excluded from budget control limits. The BCA added the designation “Overseas Contingency Operation/ Global War on Terror” to the BBEDCA...been largely provided through supplemental appropriation acts or has been designated as an “emergency” or “overseas contingency operation/ global war on

  9. Defense Base Realignment and Closure Budget Data for MCGuire Air Force Base, New Jersey

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1995-08-04

    The overall audit objective was to determine the accuracy of Defense base realignment and closure military construction budget data. This report provides the results of the audit of two projects, valued at $22.4 miilion, for the realignment of McGuire Air Force Base, New Jersey. The audit also assessed the adequacy of the management control program as it applied to the overall audit objective.

  10. Groundwater flow in the Brunswick/Glynn County area, Georgia, 2000-04

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Cherry, Gregory S.

    2015-01-01

    Analysis of simulated water-budget components for 2000 and 2004 indicate that specified-head boundaries in the Floridan aquifer system to the south and southwest of the regional model area control about 70 percent of inflows and nearly 50 percent of outflows to the model region. Other water-budget components indicate an 80-million-gallon-per-day decrease in pumping from the Floridan aquifer system during this period.

  11. Budget management.

    PubMed Central

    Hughes, G

    1997-01-01

    Budgetary responsibility gives you more control. Take time to master the fine detail, ask questions of your management and finance colleagues about anything you do not understand (you will not lose face), and develop the skills of lateral thinking and creative accountancy. Even if your budget is repeatedly overspent do not take it personally, ensure that management are aware of it and have a good night's sleep. Do not worry about it. PMID:9193994

  12. Taking Control of Enrollment Management at Small Private Universities: Creating an Interactive Interface

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Maltz, Elliot

    2007-01-01

    Enrollment management is a process critical to most small private universities that rely on tuition for a significant portion of their operating budgets. Often these universities rely on outside consultants to help them in performing this important process. This case study describes how university assets were used to create an interactive…

  13. 77 FR 75159 - Information Collection Being Submitted to the Office of Management and Budget for Emergency...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-12-19

    ... information shall have practical utility; the accuracy of the Commission's burden estimates; ways to enhance... burden on small business concerns with fewer than 25 employees. The FCC may not conduct or sponsor a..., 2013. OMB Control Number: 3060-XXXX. Title: Study Area Boundary Maps Reported in Esri Shapefile Format...

  14. Israel's "Planning and Grants Committee": A Case Study of Autonomy and Control in Higher Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Iram, Yaacov

    The higher education system in Israel is discussed, noting that tertiary education in that country makes a clear distinction between higher (university and academic) education and postsecondary education that is largely vocational. The Planning and Grants Committee (PGC) of the Council for Higher Education is responsible for the budgets of…

  15. Improving service delivery of water, sanitation, and hygiene in primary schools: a cluster-randomized trial in western Kenya.

    PubMed

    Alexander, Kelly T; Dreibelbis, Robert; Freeman, Matthew C; Ojeny, Betty; Rheingans, Richard

    2013-09-01

    Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) programs in schools have been shown to improve health and reduce absence. In resource-poor settings, barriers such as inadequate budgets, lack of oversight, and competing priorities limit effective and sustained WASH service delivery in schools. We employed a cluster-randomized trial to examine if schools could improve WASH conditions within existing administrative structures. Seventy schools were divided into a control group and three intervention groups. All intervention schools received a budget for purchasing WASH-related items. One group received no further intervention. A second group received additional funding for hiring a WASH attendant and making repairs to WASH infrastructure, and a third group was given guides for student and community monitoring of conditions. Intervention schools made significant improvements in provision of soap and handwashing water, treated drinking water, and clean latrines compared with controls. Teachers reported benefits of monitoring, repairs, and a WASH attendant, but quantitative data of WASH conditions did not determine whether expanded interventions out-performed our budget-only intervention. Providing schools with budgets for WASH operational costs improved access to necessary supplies, but did not ensure consistent service delivery to students. Further work is needed to clarify how schools can provide WASH services daily.

  16. Key Factors for Providing Appropriate Medical Care in Secondary School Athletics: Athletic Training Services and Budget

    PubMed Central

    Wham, George S.; Saunders, Ruth; Mensch, James

    2010-01-01

    Abstract Context: Research suggests that appropriate medical care for interscholastic athletes is frequently lacking. However, few investigators have examined factors related to care. Objective: To examine medical care provided by interscholastic athletics programs and to identify factors associated with variations in provision of care. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Mailed and e-mailed survey. Patients or Other Participants: One hundred sixty-six South Carolina high schools. Intervention(s): The 132-item Appropriate Medical Care Assessment Tool (AMCAT) was developed and pilot tested. It included 119 items assessing medical care based on the Appropriate Medical Care for Secondary School-Age Athletes (AMCSSAA) Consensus Statement and Monograph (test-retest reliability: r  =  0.89). Also included were items assessing potential influences on medical care. Presence, source, and number of athletic trainers; school size; distance to nearest medical center; public or private status; sports medicine supply budget; and varsity football regional championships served as explanatory variables, whereas the school setting, region of state, and rate of free or reduced lunch qualifiers served as control variables. Main Outcome Measure(s): The Appropriate Care Index (ACI) score from the AMCAT provided a quantitative measure of medical care and served as the response variable. The ACI score was determined based on a school's response to items relating to AMCSSAA guidelines. Results: Regression analysis revealed associations with ACI score for athletic training services and sports medicine supply budget (both P < .001) when controlling for the setting, region, and rate of free or reduced lunch qualifiers. These 2 variables accounted for 30% of the variance in ACI score (R2  =  0.302). Post hoc analysis showed differences between ACI score based on the source of the athletic trainer and the size of the sports medicine supply budget. Conclusions: The AMCAT offers an evaluation of medical care provided by interscholastic athletics programs. In South Carolina schools, athletic training services and the sports medicine supply budget were associated with higher levels of medical care. These results offer guidance for improving the medical care provided for interscholastic athletes. PMID:20064052

  17. Using Regression Analysis in Departmental Budget Allocations. IR Applications, Volume 24, November 1, 2009

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Luna, Andrew L.; Brennan, Kelly A.

    2009-01-01

    This study uses a regression model to determine if a significant difference exists between the actual budget allocation that an academic department received and the model's predicted budget allocation for that same department. Budget data from a Southeastern Master's/Comprehensive state university were used as the dependent variable, and the…

  18. 2 CFR 200.61 - Internal controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Internal controls. 200.61 Section 200.61 Grants and Agreements Office of Management and Budget Guidance for Grants and Agreements OFFICE OF... REQUIREMENTS FOR FEDERAL AWARDS Acronyms and Definitions Acronyms § 200.61 Internal controls. Internal controls...

  19. 7 CFR 1944.100 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 13 2014-01-01 2013-01-01 true OMB control number. 1944.100 Section 1944.100...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) HOUSING Housing Application Packaging Grants § 1944.100 OMB control number... Office of Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0157. Public reporting...

  20. 7 CFR 1944.100 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 13 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false OMB control number. 1944.100 Section 1944.100...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) HOUSING Housing Application Packaging Grants § 1944.100 OMB control number... Office of Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0157. Public reporting...

  1. Describing an Environment for a Self-Sustaining Technology Transfer Service in a Small Research Budget University: A Case Study

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Nieb, Sharon Lynn

    2014-01-01

    This single-site qualitative study sought to identify the characteristics that contribute to the self sustainability of technology transfer services at universities with small research budgets through a case study analysis of a small research budget university that has been operating a financially self-sustainable technology transfer service for…

  2. Comparison of the measured and predicted response of the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment active cavity radiometer during solar observations

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mahan, J. R.; Tira, N. E.; Lee, Robert B., III; Keynton, R. J.

    1989-01-01

    The Earth Radiation Budget Experiment consists of an array of radiometric instruments placed in earth orbit by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to monitor the longwave and visible components of the earth's radiation budget. Presented is a dynamic electrothermal model of the active cavity radiometer used to measure the earth's total radiative exitance. Radiative exchange is modeled using the Monte Carlo method and transient conduction is treated using the finite element method. Also included is the feedback circuit which controls electrical substitution heating of the cavity. The model is shown to accurately predict the dynamic response of the instrument during solar calibration.

  3. Statistical mechanics of budget-constrained auctions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Altarelli, F.; Braunstein, A.; Realpe-Gomez, J.; Zecchina, R.

    2009-07-01

    Finding the optimal assignment in budget-constrained auctions is a combinatorial optimization problem with many important applications, a notable example being in the sale of advertisement space by search engines (in this context the problem is often referred to as the off-line AdWords problem). On the basis of the cavity method of statistical mechanics, we introduce a message-passing algorithm that is capable of solving efficiently random instances of the problem extracted from a natural distribution, and we derive from its properties the phase diagram of the problem. As the control parameter (average value of the budgets) is varied, we find two phase transitions delimiting a region in which long-range correlations arise.

  4. Use of selected ambulatory dental services in Taiwan before and after global budgeting: a longitudinal study to identify trends in hospital and clinic-based services

    PubMed Central

    2012-01-01

    Background The Taiwan government adopted National Health Insurance (NHI) in 1995, providing universal health care to all citizens. It was financed by mandatory premium contributions made by employers, employees, and the government. Since then, the government has faced increasing challenges to control NHI expenditures. The aim of this study was to determine trends in the provision of dental services in Taiwan after the implementation of global budgeting in 1998 and to identify areas of possible concern. Methods This longitudinal before/after study was based on data from the National Health Insurance Research Database from 1996 to 2001. These data were subjected to logistic regression analysis. Linear regression analysis was used to examine changes in delivery of specific services after global budgeting implementation. Utilization of hospital and clinic services was compared. Results Reimbursement for dental services increased significantly while the number of visits per patient remained steady in both hospitals and clinics. In hospitals, visits for root canal procedures, ionomer restoration, tooth extraction and tooth scaling increased significantly. In dental clinics, visits for amalgam restoration decreased significantly while those for ionomer restoration, tooth extraction, and tooth scaling increased significantly. After the adoption of global budgeting, expenditures for dental services increased dramatically while the number of visits per patient did not, indicating a possible shift in patients to hospital facilities that received additional National Health Insurance funding. Conclusions The identified trends indicate increased utilization of dental services and uneven distribution of care and dentists. These trends may be compromising the quality of dental care delivered in Taiwan. PMID:23009095

  5. The efficiency and budgeting of public hospitals: case study of iran.

    PubMed

    Yusefzadeh, Hasan; Ghaderi, Hossein; Bagherzade, Rafat; Barouni, Mohsen

    2013-05-01

    Hospitals are the most costly and important components of any health care system, so it is important to know their economic values, pay attention to their efficiency and consider factors affecting them. The aim of this study was to assess the technical scale and economic efficiency of hospitals in the West Azerbaijan province of Iran, for which Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to propose a model for operational budgeting. This study was a descriptive-analysis that was conducted in 2009 and had three inputs and two outputs. Deap2, 1 software was used for data analysis. Slack and radial movements and surplus of inputs were calculated for selected hospitals. Finally, a model was proposed for performance-based budgeting of hospitals and health sectors using the DEA technique. The average scores of technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency (managerial efficiency) and scale efficiency of hospitals were 0.584, 0.782 and 0.771, respectively. In other words the capacity of efficiency promotion in hospitals without any increase in costs and with the same amount of inputs was about 41.5%. Only four hospitals among all hospitals had the maximum level of technical efficiency. Moreover, surplus production factors were evident in these hospitals. Reduction of surplus production factors through comprehensive planning based on the results of the Data Envelopment Analysis can play a major role in cost reduction of hospitals and health sectors. In hospitals with a technical efficiency score of less than one, the original and projected values of inputs were different; resulting in a surplus. Hence, these hospitals should reduce their values of inputs to achieve maximum efficiency and optimal performance. The results of this method was applied to hospitals a benchmark for making decisions about resource allocation; linking budgets to performance results; and controlling and improving hospitals performance.

  6. Leading Cultural Change in a School District through a Budget Building Collaboration

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Radford, Ricky Warren

    2009-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to assess, plan, and implement a budget building process through collaboration with the stakeholders of a targeted school district. The research question of this study was, "Will allowing the stakeholders more input, autonomy, and collaboration during a budget building process build a team environment and…

  7. Computational metrology: enabling full-lot high-density fingerprint information without adding wafer metrology budget, and driving improved monitoring and process control

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kim, Hyun-Sok; Hyun, Min-Sung; Ju, Jae-Wuk; Kim, Young-Sik; Lambregts, Cees; van Rhee, Peter; Kim, Johan; McNamara, Elliott; Tel, Wim; Böcker, Paul; Oh, Nang-Lyeom; Lee, Jun-Hyung

    2018-03-01

    Computational metrology has been proposed as the way forward to resolve the need for increased metrology density, resulting from extending correction capabilities, without adding actual metrology budget. By exploiting TWINSCAN based metrology information, dense overlay fingerprints for every wafer can be computed. This extended metrology dataset enables new use cases, such as monitoring and control based on fingerprints for every wafer of the lot. This paper gives a detailed description, discusses the accuracy of the fingerprints computed, and will show results obtained in a DRAM HVM manufacturing environment. Also an outlook for improvements and extensions will be shared.

  8. [Budget impact of the incorporation of GeneXpert MTB/RIF for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis from the perspective of the Brazilian Unified National Health System, Brazil, 2013-2017].

    PubMed

    Pinto, Márcia Ferreira Teixeira; Steffen, Ricardo; Entringer, Aline; Costa, Ana Carolina Carioca da; Trajman, Anete

    2017-10-09

    The study aimed to estimate the budget impact of GeneXpert MTB/RIF for diagnosis of tuberculosis from the perspective of the Brazilian National Program for Tuberculosis Control, drawing on a static model using the epidemiological method, from 2013 to 2017. GeneXpert MTB/RIF was compared with two diagnostic sputum smear tests. The study used epidemiological, population, and cost data, exchange rates, and databases from the Brazilian Unified National Health System. Sensitivity analysis of scenarios was performed. Incorporation of GeneXpert MTB/RIF would cost BRL 147 million (roughly USD 45 million) in five years and would have an impact of 23 to 26% in the first two years and some 11% between 2015 and 2017. The results can support Brazilian and other Latin American health administrators in planning and managing the decision on incorporating the technology.

  9. Traveltime budgets and mobility in urban areas

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1974-05-01

    The study tests by empirical comparative analysis the concept that tripmakers have a stable daily traveltime budget and discusses the implication of such a budget to transportation modeling techniques and the evaluation of alternative transportation ...

  10. Industrial Preparedness in an Arms Control Environment: A Study of the Potential Impact of Sharp Increases in Military Procurement. Volume 2. Complete Report

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1974-12-01

    military expenditures • Attitude toward increased taxation or reduction in federal budget expenditures • Willingness to experience governmental controls...if allocation, rationing, wane and price con- trols, and increased taxation arc not resorted to, as was case in the early of the Vietnam War...n incor; \\ into thv malysi . • Financing through taxation would allow g< non-defense spending to continue unaltered. 39 ACDA/MEA-24 6

  11. 7 CFR 1942.350 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) ASSOCIATIONS Rural Business Enterprise Grants and Television Demonstration Grants § 1942.350 OMB control number. The collection of information requirements in this regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0575...

  12. 7 CFR 1942.350 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) ASSOCIATIONS Rural Business Enterprise Grants and Television Demonstration Grants § 1942.350 OMB control number. The collection of information requirements in this regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0575...

  13. 7 CFR 1942.350 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) ASSOCIATIONS Rural Business Enterprise Grants and Television Demonstration Grants § 1942.350 OMB control number. The collection of information requirements in this regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0575...

  14. 7 CFR 1942.350 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) ASSOCIATIONS Rural Business Enterprise Grants and Television Demonstration Grants § 1942.350 OMB control number. The collection of information requirements in this regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0575...

  15. MFE/Magnolia - A joint CNES/NASA mission for the earth magnetic field investigation

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Runavot, Josette; Ousley, Gilbert W.

    1988-01-01

    The joint phase B study in the CNES/NASA MFE/Magnolia mission to study the earth's magnetic field are reported. The scientific objectives are summarized and the respective responsibilities of NASA and CNES are outlined. The MFE/Magnolia structure and power systems, mass and power budgets, attitude control system, instrument platform and boom, tape recorders, rf system, propellant system, and scientific instruments are described.

  16. 76 FR 17149 - Renewal of OMB Control Number 1004-0103

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-28

    ... Control Number 1004-0103 AGENCY: Bureau of Land Management, Interior. ACTION: 60-Day Notice and Request... Management and Budget (OMB) previously approved this information collection activity, and assigned it control... valid OMB control number. Until OMB approves a collection of information, you are not obligated to...

  17. 7 CFR 1940.1000 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 13 2014-01-01 2013-01-01 true OMB control number. 1940.1000 Section 1940.1000....1000 OMB control number. The collection of information requirements contained in this regulation has been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and assigned OMB control number 0575-0145. Public...

  18. 7 CFR 1924.50 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2014-01-01 2013-01-01 true OMB control number. 1924.50 Section 1924.50... control number. The reporting and recordkeeping requirements contained in this regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0042...

  19. 7 CFR 1940.1000 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 13 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false OMB control number. 1940.1000 Section 1940.1000....1000 OMB control number. The collection of information requirements contained in this regulation has been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and assigned OMB control number 0575-0145. Public...

  20. 7 CFR 1927.100 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false OMB control number. 1927.100 Section 1927.100... control number. The reporting requirements contained in this regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0147. Public reporting burden...

  1. 7 CFR 1924.50 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false OMB control number. 1924.50 Section 1924.50... control number. The reporting and recordkeeping requirements contained in this regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0042...

  2. 7 CFR 1924.50 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false OMB control number. 1924.50 Section 1924.50... control number. The reporting and recordkeeping requirements contained in this regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0042...

  3. 7 CFR 1942.150 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 13 2014-01-01 2013-01-01 true OMB control number. 1942.150 Section 1942.150... § 1942.150 OMB control number. The collection of information requirements in this regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0120. ...

  4. 29 CFR 4010.15 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 9 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false OMB control number. 4010.15 Section 4010.15 Labor... DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS ANNUAL FINANCIAL AND ACTUARIAL INFORMATION REPORTING § 4010.15 OMB control number... Management and Budget under OMB control number 1212-0049. [61 FR 34022, July 1, 1996. Redesignated at 74 FR...

  5. 7 CFR 1924.300 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false OMB control number. 1924.300 Section 1924.300... control number. The reporting and recordkeeping requirements contained in this regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0082...

  6. 7 CFR 1942.150 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 13 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false OMB control number. 1942.150 Section 1942.150... § 1942.150 OMB control number. The collection of information requirements in this regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0120. ...

  7. 5 CFR 2634.414 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false OMB control number. 2634.414 Section 2634... DISCLOSURE, QUALIFIED TRUSTS, AND CERTIFICATES OF DIVESTITURE Qualified Trusts § 2634.414 OMB control number... the Certificates), are all approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 3209...

  8. 29 CFR 4010.15 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 9 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false OMB control number. 4010.15 Section 4010.15 Labor... DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS ANNUAL FINANCIAL AND ACTUARIAL INFORMATION REPORTING § 4010.15 OMB control number... Management and Budget under OMB control number 1212-0049. [61 FR 34022, July 1, 1996. Redesignated at 74 FR...

  9. 29 CFR 4010.15 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false OMB control number. 4010.15 Section 4010.15 Labor... DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS ANNUAL FINANCIAL AND ACTUARIAL INFORMATION REPORTING § 4010.15 OMB control number... Management and Budget under OMB control number 1212-0049. [61 FR 34022, July 1, 1996. Redesignated at 74 FR...

  10. 7 CFR 1924.300 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2014-01-01 2013-01-01 true OMB control number. 1924.300 Section 1924.300... control number. The reporting and recordkeeping requirements contained in this regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0082...

  11. 7 CFR 1942.50 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 13 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false OMB control number. 1942.50 Section 1942.50...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) ASSOCIATIONS Community Facility Loans § 1942.50 OMB control number. The... Management and Budget (OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0015. Public reporting burden for...

  12. 7 CFR 1927.100 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2014-01-01 2013-01-01 true OMB control number. 1927.100 Section 1927.100... control number. The reporting requirements contained in this regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0147. Public reporting burden...

  13. 7 CFR 1942.50 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 13 2014-01-01 2013-01-01 true OMB control number. 1942.50 Section 1942.50...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) ASSOCIATIONS Community Facility Loans § 1942.50 OMB control number. The... Management and Budget (OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0015. Public reporting burden for...

  14. 29 CFR 4010.15 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 9 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false OMB control number. 4010.15 Section 4010.15 Labor... DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS ANNUAL FINANCIAL AND ACTUARIAL INFORMATION REPORTING § 4010.15 OMB control number... Management and Budget under OMB control number 1212-0049. [61 FR 34022, July 1, 1996. Redesignated at 74 FR...

  15. 7 CFR 1927.100 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false OMB control number. 1927.100 Section 1927.100... control number. The reporting requirements contained in this regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0147. Public reporting burden...

  16. Capital Improvements Programming: A Proposal for a Revised Process to Develop the Annual Capital Budget for the Orleans Parish School Board. Revised.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ducote, Kenneth J.

    A study by the United States General Accounting Office found that successful organizations incorporate in their capital budgeting process extensive links between planning and budgeting, up-to-date information on existing capital facilities, and consideration of long-term effects in making capital budgeting decisions. This paper recommends the…

  17. School District Cabinet Member Task and Relationship Conflict Behavior during Budget Development in a State Fiscal Crisis

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Nickerson, John

    2009-01-01

    Purpose. The first purpose of this study was to determine to what extent task and relationship conflict occurred in school district cabinets during budget development in a state budget crisis. The second purpose was to determine which cabinet member task and relationship conflict behaviors were demonstrated during budget development in a state…

  18. 78 FR 34107 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-06-06

    ... by the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS... Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act--(OMB Control Number 0910-0671)--Extension On June 22, 2009, the President signed the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (the Tobacco Control Act...

  19. Targeted erlotinib for first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a budget impact analysis.

    PubMed

    Bajaj, Preeti S; Veenstra, David L; Goertz, Hans-Peter; Carlson, Josh J

    2014-08-01

    A recent phase III trial showed that patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors harbor specific EGFR mutations significantly benefit from first-line treatment with erlotinib compared to chemotherapy. This study sought to estimate the budget impact if coverage for EGFR testing and erlotinib as first-line therapy were provided in a hypothetical 500,000-member managed care plan. The budget impact model was developed from a US health plan perspective to evaluate administration of the EGFR test and treatment with erlotinib for EGFR-positive patients, compared to non-targeted treatment with chemotherapy. The eligible patient population was estimated from age-stratified SEER incidence data. Clinical data were derived from key randomized controlled trials. Costs related to drug, administration, and adverse events were included. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess uncertainty. In a plan of 500,000 members, it was estimated there would be 91 newly diagnosed advanced NSCLC patients annually; 11 are expected to be EGFR-positive. Based on the testing and treatment assumptions, it was estimated that 3 patients in Scenario 1 and 6 patients in Scenario 2 receive erlotinib. Overall health plan expenditures would increase by $0.013 per member per month (PMPM). This increase is largely attributable to erlotinib drug costs, in part due to lengthened progression-free survival and treatment periods experienced in erlotinib-treated patients. EGFR testing contributes slightly, whereas adverse event costs mitigate the budget impact. The budget impact did not exceed $0.019 PMPM in sensitivity analyses. Coverage for targeted first-line erlotinib therapy in NSCLC likely results in a small budget impact for US health plans. The estimated impact may vary by plan, or if second-line or maintenance therapy, dose changes/interruptions, or impact on patients' quality-of-life were included.

  20. 40 CFR 52.1876 - Control strategy: Nitrogen dioxide.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ...: Nitrogen dioxide. (a) The condition to EPA's approval of the oxides of nitrogen State Implementation Plan... change to the flow control date in the oxides of nitrogen budget trading SIP. (b) [Reserved] [69 FR 13234...

  1. Using disease management and market reforms to address the adverse economic effects of drug budgets and price and reimbursement regulations in Germany.

    PubMed

    Schwermann, Tim; Greiner, Wolfgang; v d Schulenburg, J M Graf

    2003-01-01

    Germany spends the highest share (10.4%) of its gross domestic product on health care among European Union countries. The majority of this financing comes from an earmarked tax on labor earnings. Drug spending, as a share (12.7%), is relatively low, as is per-capita drug spending. Over the past decade, a number of specific budgeting initiatives were introduced to control drug spending-with some success, at least until the 11% increase in the first 6 months of 2001. This article describes and analyzes these governmental initiatives as well as other market reforms. Germany has had a "drug budget silo mentality" throughout this period. But the focus of the mentality moved rapidly from the central budget to regional budgets and to drug budgets per physician based on historical data. These amounts do not correspond to either medical necessity or economic considerations. An analysis of the health-care system as a whole shows that the efforts to constrain spending with budget in one area can lead to higher total costs. This article also considers the impact of introducing other actual or proposed reforms such as a positive list to replace the negative list, generic substitution, retail price competition among pharmacies, and E-health commerce. There is also a new national institute constructing a database of information on health technology assessments. To overcome the strong segmentation of the health system in physician, drug, and hospital budgets, we recommend using this information from proper cost-effectiveness evaluations to develop clear guidelines for disease management programs, reinforced by appropriate financial incentives.

  2. Surface radiation budget for climate applications

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Suttles, J. T. (Editor); Ohring, G. (Editor)

    1986-01-01

    The Surface Radiation Budget (SRB) consists of the upwelling and downwelling radiation fluxes at the surface, separately determined for the broadband shortwave (SW) (0 to 5 micron) and longwave (LW) (greater than 5 microns) spectral regions plus certain key parameters that control these fluxes, specifically, SW albedo, LW emissivity, and surface temperature. The uses and requirements for SRB data, critical assessment of current capabilities for producing these data, and directions for future research are presented.

  3. Optical design of the National Ignition Facility main laser and switchyard/target area beam transport systems

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Miller, John L.; English, R. Edward, Jr.; Korniski, Ronald J.; Rodgers, J. Michael

    1999-07-01

    The optical design of the main laser and transport mirror sections of the National Ignition Facility are described. For the main laser the configuration, layout constraints, multiple beam arrangement, pinhole layout and beam paths, clear aperture budget, ray trace models, alignment constraints, lens designs, wavefront performance, and pupil aberrations are discussed. For the transport mirror system the layout, alignment controls and clear aperture budget are described.

  4. Cities and “budget-based” management of the energy-water-climate nexus: Case studies in transportation policy, infrastructure systems, and urban utility risk management

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Sperling, Joshua B.; Ramaswami, Anu

    This article reviews city case studies to inform a framework for developing urban infrastructure design standards and policy instruments that together aim to pursue energy efficiency and greenhouse gas mitigation through city carbon budgets and water use efficiency and climate risk adaptation through city water budgets. Here, this article also proposes combining carbon and water budgeting at the city-scale for achieving successful coupled city carbon and water budget (CCCWB) programs. Under a CCCWB program, key actors including local governments, infrastructure designers/operators, and households would be assigned a GHG emissions and water 'budget' and be required by state or federal levelsmore » to keep within this budget through the use of flexibility mechanisms, incentive programs, and sanctions. Multiple incentives and cross-scale governance arrangements would be tied to energy-water systems integration, resource-efficient transportation and infrastructure development, and effective monitoring and management of energy use, emissions, climate risks to, and security of energy-water-transport-food and other critical systems. As a first step to promote strategies for CCCWB development, we systematically review approaches of and shortcomings to existing budget-based programs in the UK and US, and suggest improvements in three areas: measurement, modeling effectiveness of interventions for staying within a budget, and governance. To date, the majority of climate action or sustainability plans by cities, while mentioning climate impacts as a premise for the plan, do not address these impacts in the plan. They focus primarily on GHG mitigation while ignoring resource depletion challenges and energy-climate-water linkages, whereby water supplies can begin to limit energy production and energy shifts to mitigate climate change can limit water availability. Coupled carbon-water budget plans, programs, and policies - described in this study- may address these concerns as well as the emerging trends that will exacerbate these problems - e.g., including population growth, climatic changes, and emerging policy choices that are not coordinated. Cities and 'Budget-Based' Management of the Energy-Water-Climate Nexus: Case Studies to Inform Strategy for Integrated Performance- and Incentive-Based Design and Policy Instruments.« less

  5. Cities and “budget-based” management of the energy-water-climate nexus: Case studies in transportation policy, infrastructure systems, and urban utility risk management

    DOE PAGES

    Sperling, Joshua B.; Ramaswami, Anu

    2017-11-03

    This article reviews city case studies to inform a framework for developing urban infrastructure design standards and policy instruments that together aim to pursue energy efficiency and greenhouse gas mitigation through city carbon budgets and water use efficiency and climate risk adaptation through city water budgets. Here, this article also proposes combining carbon and water budgeting at the city-scale for achieving successful coupled city carbon and water budget (CCCWB) programs. Under a CCCWB program, key actors including local governments, infrastructure designers/operators, and households would be assigned a GHG emissions and water 'budget' and be required by state or federal levelsmore » to keep within this budget through the use of flexibility mechanisms, incentive programs, and sanctions. Multiple incentives and cross-scale governance arrangements would be tied to energy-water systems integration, resource-efficient transportation and infrastructure development, and effective monitoring and management of energy use, emissions, climate risks to, and security of energy-water-transport-food and other critical systems. As a first step to promote strategies for CCCWB development, we systematically review approaches of and shortcomings to existing budget-based programs in the UK and US, and suggest improvements in three areas: measurement, modeling effectiveness of interventions for staying within a budget, and governance. To date, the majority of climate action or sustainability plans by cities, while mentioning climate impacts as a premise for the plan, do not address these impacts in the plan. They focus primarily on GHG mitigation while ignoring resource depletion challenges and energy-climate-water linkages, whereby water supplies can begin to limit energy production and energy shifts to mitigate climate change can limit water availability. Coupled carbon-water budget plans, programs, and policies - described in this study- may address these concerns as well as the emerging trends that will exacerbate these problems - e.g., including population growth, climatic changes, and emerging policy choices that are not coordinated. Cities and 'Budget-Based' Management of the Energy-Water-Climate Nexus: Case Studies to Inform Strategy for Integrated Performance- and Incentive-Based Design and Policy Instruments.« less

  6. Soil Microbial Community Contribution to Small Headwater Stream Metabolism.

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Clapcott, J. E.; Gooderham, J. P.; Barmuta, L. A.; Davies, P. E.

    2005-05-01

    The temporal dynamics of sediment respiration were examined in seven small headwater streams in forested catchments in 2004. A strong seasonal response was observed with higher respiration rates in depositional zones than in gravel runs. The data were also examined in the context of proportional habitat distributions that highlighted the importance of high flow events in shaping whole stream metabolic budgets. This study specifically examines the question of terrestrial soil respiration contribution to whole stream metabolism by the controlled inundation of terrestrial soils. The experiment included six experimentally inundated terrestrial zones, six terrestrial controls, and six in-stream depositional zones. Sediment bacterial respiration was measured using 14C leucine incorporation and cotton strip bioassays were also employed to provide an indicative measure of sediment microbial activity. Despite high variability and exhibiting significantly lower bacterial activity than in-stream sediments, modelling using flow data and habitat mapping illustrated the important contribution of terrestrial soil respiration to the whole stream metabolic budgets of small headwater streams. In addition, microbial community composition examined using phospholipid fatty acid analysis clearly differentiated between terrestrial and aquatic communities. Freshly inundated terrestrial communities remained similar to un-inundated controls after 28 days.

  7. Managing Campus Budgets in Trying Times: Did Practices Follow Principles?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Burke, Joseph C.

    This study examined how closely 11 accepted principles for managing budgets were followed at 98 public college campuses during the first half of the 1990s, a period of budget problems. The colleges reviewed were in six states: California, Florida, Massachusetts, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. The study found that (1) planning was not inclusive,…

  8. A Methodological Review of US Budget-Impact Models for New Drugs.

    PubMed

    Mauskopf, Josephine; Earnshaw, Stephanie

    2016-11-01

    A budget-impact analysis is required by many jurisdictions when adding a new drug to the formulary. However, previous reviews have indicated that adherence to methodological guidelines is variable. In this methodological review, we assess the extent to which US budget-impact analyses for new drugs use recommended practices. We describe recommended practice for seven key elements in the design of a budget-impact analysis. Targeted literature searches for US studies reporting estimates of the budget impact of a new drug were performed and we prepared a summary of how each study addressed the seven key elements. The primary finding from this review is that recommended practice is not followed in many budget-impact analyses. For example, we found that growth in the treated population size and/or changes in disease-related costs expected during the model time horizon for more effective treatments was not included in several analyses for chronic conditions. In addition, all drug-related costs were not captured in the majority of the models. Finally, for most studies, one-way sensitivity and scenario analyses were very limited, and the ranges used in one-way sensitivity analyses were frequently arbitrary percentages rather than being data driven. The conclusions from our review are that changes in population size, disease severity mix, and/or disease-related costs should be properly accounted for to avoid over- or underestimating the budget impact. Since each budget holder might have different perspectives and different values for many of the input parameters, it is also critical for published budget-impact analyses to include extensive sensitivity and scenario analyses based on realistic input values.

  9. 9 CFR 318.309 - Finished product inspection.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... microbiological contamination; (2) An FSIS-approved total quality control system; (3) Alternative documented... associated with microbial contamination, where there is no approved total quality control system, or where... Office of Management and Budget under control number 0583-0015) [51 FR 45619, Dec. 19, 1986, as amended...

  10. 7 CFR 1280.238 - OMB Control Numbers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false OMB Control Numbers. 1280.238 Section 1280.238 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING.... The control number for the information requirements assigned by the Office of Management and Budget...

  11. 7 CFR 1220.257 - OMB control numbers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false OMB control numbers. 1220.257 Section 1220.257 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... control number assigned to the information collection requirements by the Office of Management and Budget...

  12. 7 CFR 1209.280 - OMB control numbers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false OMB control numbers. 1209.280 Section 1209.280 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... control number assigned to the information collection requirements by the Office of Management and Budget...

  13. Internal Control Systems in the Library Environment.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Begg, Robert T.

    1985-01-01

    Examines system for safeguarding assets and guaranteeing reliability of library's financial records within context of management functions that comprise accounting controls: planning by budget or other standard of comparison; operation of effective accounting and record-keeping system; personnel management practices. Cash controls as example of…

  14. 7 CFR 252.7 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false OMB control number. 252.7 Section 252.7 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0584-0325. ...

  15. 7 CFR 252.7 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false OMB control number. 252.7 Section 252.7 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0584-0325. ...

  16. 7 CFR 252.7 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false OMB control number. 252.7 Section 252.7 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0584-0325. ...

  17. 7 CFR 252.7 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false OMB control number. 252.7 Section 252.7 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0584-0325. ...

  18. 78 FR 77094 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-20

    ..., Office of Management and Budget (OMB), [email protected] or fax (202) 395-5806 and to... it displays a currently valid OMB control number. Food and Nutrition Service Title: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Regulations, Part 275--Quality Control. OMB Control Number: 0584-0303. Summary...

  19. The Use of an Academic Discipline Model in Budgeting the State University of New York. New York Case Studies in Public Management, No. 2.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cockey, Caroline

    This report examines New York State's experience with multi-element formulas in budgeting for the State University of New York, and considers some of the obstacles confronting scientific budgeting in a political environment. A specific budgeting formula (the Academic Discipline Model) is examined, its evolution and application discussed, and the…

  20. ‘Placement budgets’ for supported employment – improving competitive employment for people with mental illness: study protocol of a multicentre randomized controlled trial

    PubMed Central

    2012-01-01

    Background Vocational integration of people with mental illness is poor despite their willingness to work. The ‘Individual Placement and Support’ (IPS) model which emphasises rapid and direct job placement and continuing support to patient and employer has proven to be the most effective vocational intervention programme. Various studies have shown that every second patient with severe mental illness was able to find competitive employment within 18 months. However, the goal of taking up employment within two months was rarely achieved. Thus, we aim to test whether the new concept of limited placement budgets increases the effectiveness of IPS. Methods/Design Six job coaches in six out-patients psychiatric clinics in the Canton of Zurich support unemployed patients of their clinic who seek competitive employment. Between June 2010 and May 2011 patients (N=100) are randomly assigned to three different placement budgets of 25h, 40h, or 55h working hours of job coaches. Support lasts two years for those who find a job. The intervention ends for those who fail to find competitive employment when the respective placement budgets run out. The primary outcome measure is the time between study inclusion and first competitive employment that lasted three months or longer. Over a period of three years interviews are carried out every six months to measure changes in motivation, stigmatization, social network and social support, quality of life, job satisfaction, financial situation, and health conditions. Cognitive and social-cognitive tests are conducted at baseline to control for confounding variables. Discussion This study will show whether the effectiveness of IPS can be increased by the new concept of limited placement budgets. It will also be examined whether competitive employment leads in the long term to an improvement of mental illness, to a transfer of the psychiatric support system to private and vocational networks, to an increase in financial independence, to a reduction of perceived and internalized stigma, and to an increase in quality of life and job satisfaction of the patient. In addition, factors connected with fast competitive employment and holding that job down in the long term are being examined (motivation, stigmatization, social and financial situation). Trial register ISRCTN89670872 PMID:23034095

  1. Radiative Energy Budget Studies Using Observations from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE)

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Ackerman, Steven A.; Frey, R.; Shie, M.; Olson, R.; Collimore, C.; Friedman, M.

    1997-01-01

    Our research activities under this NASA grant have focused on two broad topics associated with the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE): (1) the role of clouds and the surface in modifying the radiative balance; and (2) the spatial and temporal variability of the earth's radiation budget. Each of these broad topics is discussed separately in the text that follows. The major points of the thesis are summarized in section 3 of this report. Other dissertation focuses on deriving the radiation budget over the TOGA COARE region.

  2. The Relationship of School Absenteeism with Body Mass Index, Academic Achievement, and Socioeconomic Status among Fourth-Grade Children

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Baxter, Suzanne D.; Royer, Julie A.; Hardin, James W.; Guinn, Caroline H.; Devlin, Christina M.

    2011-01-01

    Background: Data from a school-based study concerning fourth-grade children's dietary recall accuracy were linked with data from the South Carolina Department of Education (SCDE) through the South Carolina Budget and Control Board Office of Research and Statistics (ORS) to investigate the relationships of children's school absenteeism with body…

  3. Linking Urban Air Pollution to Global Tropospheric Chemistry and Climate

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wang, Chien

    2005-01-01

    The two major tasks of this project are to study: (a) the impact of urban nonlinear chemistry on chemical budgets of key pollutants in non-urban areas; and (b) the influence of air pollution control strategies in selected metropolitan areas, particularly of emerging economies in East and South Asia, on tropospheric chemistry and hence on regional and global climate.

  4. Short-term cropland responses to temperature extreme events during late winter

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    De Simon, G.; Alberti, G.; Delle Vedove, G.; Peressotti, A.; Zaldei, A.; Miglietta, F.

    2013-04-01

    In recent years, several studies have focused on terrestrial ecosystem response to extreme events. Most of this research has been conducted in natural ecosystems, but few have considered agro-ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the impact of a manipulated warmer or cooler late winter-early spring on the carbon budget and final harvest of a soybean crop (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Soil temperature was altered by manipulating soil albedo by covering the soil surface with a layer of inert silica gravel. We tested three treatments: cooling (Co), warming (W), mix (M) and control (C). An automated system continuously measured soil heterotrophic respiration (Rh), soil temperature profiles, and soil water content across the entire year in each plot. Phenological phases were periodically assessed and final harvest was measured in each plot. Results showed that treatments had only a transient effect on daily Rh rates which did not result in a total annual carbon budget significantly different from control, even though cooling showed a significant reduction in final harvest. We also observed anticipation in seed germination in both W and M treatments and a delay in germination for Co. Moreover, plant density and growth increased in W and M and decreased in Co.

  5. Use These Seven Checklists to Maintain Firm Control over Business Procedures.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Scebra, J. Boyd

    1983-01-01

    Checklist for evaluating school management covers (1) budgeting, revenues, expenditures; (2) accounting and payroll; (3) purchasing and warehousing; (4) debts and captial outlay; (5) insurance; (6) property control; and (7) school activity funds. (JBM)

  6. Summary Report on the Audit of Defense Base Realignment and Closure Budget Data

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1996-04-03

    management control program as it applied to the audit objectives. This report summarizes the results of the specific objectives in Finding A and discusses the management control objective in Finding B.

  7. 75 FR 16174 - Renewal of Agency Information Collection for Navajo Partitioned Lands Grazing Permits; Request...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-31

    ... Budget (OMB) for renewal. The information collection is currently authorized by OMB Control Number 1076... the following information collection activity. III. Data OMB Control Number: 1076-0162. Title: Navajo...

  8. Budget update: Future is looking gloomier for science

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    As the wheels of the new Republican-controlled Congress have been turning, it looks like belts are indeed going to be tighter around U.S. research and development budgets. In mid-March, the House Budget Committee voted to cut $100 billion over the next five years from federal agency budgets and published guidelines for how this could be done. NASA's Earth Observing System and the U.S. Geological Survey were again mentioned as potential targets and so was the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. If the reduction bill goes the legislative mile, the appropriations committees in each house of Congress will have to figure out where the cuts will fall. Republican and Democratic members of the House Science Committee quickly jumped into the traditional fray with their respective “Views and Estimates” on how science dollars should be doled out for fiscal year 1996. President Clinton has also jumped in the budget-cutting game with the release last week of a plan to cut $13 billion from four federal agencies over the next 5 years. In the meantime, a rescission bill for FY 1995 has been on the fast track through Congress. Here are some of the latest highlights:

  9. Preparing for budget-based payment methodologies: global payment and episode-based payment.

    PubMed

    Hudson, Mark E

    2015-10-01

    Use of budget-based payment methodologies (capitation and episode-based bundled payment) has been demonstrated to drive value in healthcare delivery. With a focus on high-volume, high-cost surgical procedures, inclusion of anaesthesiology services in these methodologies is likely. This review provides a summary of budget-based payment methodologies and practical information necessary for anaesthesiologists to prepare for participation in these programmes. Although few examples of anaesthesiologists' participation in these models exist, an understanding of the structure of these programmes and opportunities for participation are available. Prospective preparation in developing anaesthesiology-specific bundled payment profiles and early participation in pathway development associated with selected episodes of care are essential for successful participation as a gainsharing partner. With significant opportunity to contribute to care coordination and cost management, anaesthesiology can play an important role in budget-based payment programmes and should expect to participate as full gainsharing partners. Precise costing methodologies and accurate economic modelling, along with identification of quality management and cost control opportunities, will help identify participation opportunities and appropriate payment and gainsharing agreements. Anaesthesiology-specific examples with budget-based payment models are needed to help guide increased participation in these programmes.

  10. Design definition study of the Earth radiation budget satellite system

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Vonderhaar, T. H.; Wallschlaeger, W. H.

    1978-01-01

    Instruments for measuring the radiation budget components are discussed, and the conceptual design of instruments for the Earth Radiation Budget Satellite System (ERBSS) are reported. Scanning and nonscanning assemblies are described. The ERBSS test program is also described.

  11. Groundwater levels, geochemistry, and water budget of the Tsala Apopka Lake system, west-central Florida, 2004–12

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    McBride, W. Scott; Metz, Patricia A.; Ryan, Patrick J.; Fulkerson, Mark; Downing, Harry C.

    2017-12-18

    Tsala Apopka Lake is a complex system of lakes and wetlands, with intervening uplands, located in Citrus County in west-central Florida. It is located within the 2,100 square mile watershed of the Withlacoochee River, which drains north and northwest towards the Gulf of Mexico. The lake system is managed by the Southwest Florida Water Management District as three distinct “pools,” which from upstream to downstream are referred to as the Floral City Pool, Inverness Pool, and Hernando Pool. Each pool contains a mixture of deep-water lakes that remain wet year round, ephemeral (seasonal) ponds and wetlands, and dry uplands. Many of the major deep-water lakes are interconnected by canals. Flow from the Withlacoochee River, when conditions allow, can be diverted into the lake system. Flow thorough the canals can be used to control the distribution of water between the three pools. Flow in the canals is controlled using structures, such as gates and weirs.Hydrogeologic units in the study area include a surficial aquifer consisting of Quaternary-age sediments, a discontinuous intermediate confining unit consisting of Miocene- and Pliocene-age sediments, and the underlying Upper Floridan aquifer, which consists of Eocene- and Oligocene-age carbonates. The fine-grained quartz sands that constitute the surficial aquifer are generally thin, typically less than 25 feet thick, within the vicinity of Tsala Apopka Lake. A thin, discontinuous, sandy clay layer forms the intermediate confining unit. The Upper Floridan aquifer is generally unconfined in the vicinity of Tsala Apopka Lake because the intermediate confining unit is discontinuous and breached by numerous karst features. In the study area, the Upper Floridan aquifer includes the upper Avon Park Formation and Ocala Limestone. The Ocala Limestone is the primary source of drinking water and spring flow in the area.The objectives of this study are to document the interaction of Tsala Apopka Lake, the surficial aquifer, and the Upper Floridan aquifer; and to estimate an annual water budget for each pool and for the entire lake system for 2004–12. The hydrologic interactions were evaluated using hydraulic head and geochemical data. Geochemical data, including major ion, isotope, and age-tracer data, were used to evaluate sources of water and to distinguish flow paths. Hydrologic connection of the surficial environment (lakes, ponds, wetlands, and the surficial aquifer) was quantified on the basis of a conceptualized annual water-budget model. The model included the change in surface water and groundwater storage, precipitation, evapotranspiration, surface-water inflow and outflow, and net groundwater exchange with the underlying Upper Floridan aquifer. The control volume for each pool extended to the base of the surficial aquifer and covered an area defined to exceed the maximum inundated area for each pool during 2004–12 by 0.5 foot. Net groundwater flow was computed as a lumped value and was either positive or negative, with a negative value indicating downward or lateral leakage from the control volume and a positive value indicating upward leakage to the control volume.The annual water budget for Tsala Apopka Lake was calculated using a combination of field observations and remotely sensed data for each of three pools and for the composite three pool area. A digital elevation model at a 5-foot grid spacing and bathymetric survey data were used to define the land-surface elevation and volume of each pool and to calculate the changes in inundated area with change in lake stage. Continuous lake-stage and groundwater-level data were used to define the change in storage for each pool. The rainfall data used in the water-budget calculations were based on daily radar reflectance data and measured rainfall from weather stations. Evapotranspiration was computed as a function of reference evapotranspiration, adjusted to actual evapotranspiration using a monthly land-cover coefficient (based on evapotranspiration measurements at stations located in representative landscapes). Surface-water inflows and outflows were determined using stage data collected at a series of streamgages installed primarily at the water-control structures. Discharge was measured under varying flow regimes and ratings were developed for the water-control structures. The discharge data collected during the study period were used to calibrate a surface-water flow model for 2004–12. Flows predicted by the model were used in the water-budget analysis. Net groundwater flow was determined as the residual term in the water-budget equation.The results of the water-budget analysis indicate that rainfall was the largest input of water to Tsala Apopka Lake, whereas evapotranspiration was the largest output. For the 2004–12 analysis period, surface-water inflow accounted for 11 percent of the inputs, net groundwater inflow accounted for 1 percent of inputs (annual periods with positive net groundwater flow were included as inputs, while annual periods with negative net groundwater flow were counted as outputs), and rainfall accounted for the remaining 88 percent. For the same period, the outputs consisted of 2 percent surface-water outflow, 12 percent net groundwater outflow, and 86 percent evapotranspiration. Net groundwater inflows and surface-water/groundwater storage were negligible during the water-budget period but could be important components of the budget in individual years.The net groundwater flow was negative (downward) for 8 out of the 9 years modeled (2004–12), indicating that the Tsala Apopka Lake study area was primarily a recharge area for the underlying Upper Floridan aquifer during this time period. Groundwater-level elevation in paired wells (adjacent wells completed in the surficial aquifer and Upper Floridan aquifer) typically was higher in the surficial aquifer than the Upper Floridan aquifer. However, hydraulic head data indicate that the surficial aquifer often has discharge potential to the surface-water system, especially in the low lying areas near the major lakes. Surficial-aquifer water levels were often higher than lake stages, especially during wet periods, which is likely an indication of aquifer-to-lake seepage in these areas. East of the major lakes, hydraulic head data were nearly equal in the surficial aquifer and Upper Floridan aquifer, which is an indication that the Upper Floridan aquifer is unconfined. Based on deuterium and oxygen stable isotope data collected in December 2011 and December 2012, there was no evidence of recharge to the Upper Floridan aquifer from the wetlands east of the major lakes; aquifer isotopic ratios did not indicate an enriched source, which is typical of lake and wetland sources. West of the major lakes, there was evidence of enriched isotopic ratios in water samples from the Upper Floridan aquifer. Differences in hydraulic head at paired wells in the surficial aquifer and Upper Floridan aquifer indicated that the surficial aquifer has the potential to recharge the Upper Floridan aquifer in the western part of the pools and west of the major lakes.

  12. 77 FR 36019 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-06-15

    ... 2006. The Statement describes the types of internal controls and risk management procedures that the... PRA that does not display a valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. Background..., Washington, DC 20549-0213. Extension: Interagency Statement on Sound Practices; OMB Control No. 3235- 0622...

  13. 9 CFR 381.309 - Finished product inspection.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... FSIS-approved total quality control system; or (3) Alternative documented procedures that will ensure... contamination, where there is no approved total quality control system, or where the establishment has no... Office of Management and Budget under control number 0583-0015) [51 FR 45634, Dec. 19, 1986, as amended...

  14. 77 FR 3228 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-01-23

    ..., Office of Management and Budget (OMB), [email protected] or fax (202) 395-5806 and to... it displays a currently valid OMB control number. Food and Nutrition Service Title: Quality Control... perform Quality Control (QC) review for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). The FNS-380...

  15. 7 CFR 1944.450 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 13 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false OMB control number. 1944.450 Section 1944.450... number. The reporting and recordkeeping requirements contained in this regulation have ben approved by the Office of Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0043. Public...

  16. 7 CFR 1944.450 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 13 2014-01-01 2013-01-01 true OMB control number. 1944.450 Section 1944.450... number. The reporting and recordkeeping requirements contained in this regulation have ben approved by the Office of Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0043. Public...

  17. 45 CFR 1303.24 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES THE ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN, YOUTH AND FAMILIES, HEAD START... Current or Prospective Delegate Agencies § 1303.24 OMB control number. The collection of information... of Management and Budget and assigned OMB control number 0980-0242. [58 FR 13019, Mar. 9, 1993] ...

  18. 45 CFR 1303.24 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES THE ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN, YOUTH AND FAMILIES, HEAD START... Current or Prospective Delegate Agencies § 1303.24 OMB control number. The collection of information... of Management and Budget and assigned OMB control number 0980-0242. [58 FR 13019, Mar. 9, 1993] ...

  19. 45 CFR 1303.24 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES THE ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN, YOUTH AND FAMILIES, HEAD START... Current or Prospective Delegate Agencies § 1303.24 OMB control number. The collection of information... of Management and Budget and assigned OMB control number 0980-0242. [58 FR 13019, Mar. 9, 1993] ...

  20. 45 CFR 1303.24 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES THE ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN, YOUTH AND FAMILIES, HEAD START... Current or Prospective Delegate Agencies § 1303.24 OMB control number. The collection of information... of Management and Budget and assigned OMB control number 0980-0242. [58 FR 13019, Mar. 9, 1993] ...

  1. 12 CFR 1815.115 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 9 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false OMB control number. 1815.115 Section 1815.115... ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY § 1815.115 OMB control number. The collection of information requirements in this part have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and assigned OMB control number 1505-0153...

  2. 7 CFR 57.18 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false OMB control number. 57.18 Section 57.18 Agriculture... PRODUCTS INSPECTION ACT) Regulations Governing the Inspection of Eggs General § 57.18 OMB control number... and Budget and assigned OMB control number 0581-0113. [63 FR 69970, Dec. 17, 1998] Scope of Inspection ...

  3. 12 CFR 363.0 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false OMB control number. 363.0 Section 363.0 Banks... INDEPENDENT AUDITS AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS § 363.0 OMB control number. The information collection requirements in this part have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under OMB control number...

  4. 12 CFR 363.0 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false OMB control number. 363.0 Section 363.0 Banks... INDEPENDENT AUDITS AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS § 363.0 OMB control number. The information collection requirements in this part have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under OMB control number...

  5. Workshop on sediment budgets and routing in forested drainage basins: proceedings.

    Treesearch

    Frederick J. Swanson; Richard J. Janda; Thomas Dunne; Douglas N. Swanston

    1982-01-01

    Sediment budgets quantify the transport and storage of soil and sediment in drainage basins or smaller landscape units. Studies of sediment routing deal with the overall movement of soil and sediment through a series of landscape units. The 14 papers and 5 summaries from discussion groups in this volume report results of sediment budget and routing studies conducted...

  6. Individual budgets for people with incontinence: results from a 'shopping' experiment within the British National Health Service.

    PubMed

    Fader, Mandy J; Cottenden, Alan M; Gage, Heather M; Williams, Peter; Getliffe, Katharine; Clarke-O'Neill, Sinead; Jamieson, Katharine M; Green, Nicholas J

    2014-04-01

    Most people with urinary incontinence are given limited choice when provided with absorbent products through the British National Health Service (NHS), even though the available range is large. To investigate users' preferences for four disposable designs (inserts, all-in-ones, belted/T-shaped and pull-ups) and towelling washable/reusable products, day and night. Shopping experiment. Community-dwelling women and men in England with moderate-to-heavy urinary incontinence recruited to a larger trial. Participants tested each design and selected products they would prefer with a range of different budgets. Design preferences (rankings); 'purchasing' decisions from designated budgets. Results  Eighty-five participants (49 men) tested products, 75 completed the shopping experiment. Inserts, most frequently supplied by the NHS, were ranked second to pull-ups by women and lowest by men. When faced with budget constraints, up to 40% of participants opted to 'mix-and-match' designs. Over 15 different combinations of products were selected by participants in the shopping experiment. Most (91%) stated a willingness to 'top-up' assigned budgets from income to secure preferred designs. Participants displayed diverse preferences. Enabling user choice of absorbent product design through individual budgets could improve satisfaction of consumers and efficiency of allocation of limited NHS resources. Recent policy for the NHS seeks to provide consumers with more control in their care. Extension of the concept of individual budgets to continence supplies could be feasible and beneficial for patients and provide better value-for-money within the NHS. Further research is warranted. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  7. System analysis study of space platform and station accommodations for life sciences research facilities. Volume 2: Study results. Appendix E: Work breakdown structure and dictionary

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wiley, Lowell F.

    1985-01-01

    A work breakdown structure for the Space Station Life Sciences Research Facility (LSRF) is presented up to level 5. The purpose is to provide the framework for task planning and control and to serve as a basis for budgeting, task assignment, cost collection and report, and contractual performance measurement and tracking of the Full Scale Development Phase tasks.

  8. An inside look at NASA planetology

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Dwornik, S. E.

    1976-01-01

    Staffing, financing and budget controls, and research grant allocations of NASA are reviewed with emphasis on NASA-supported research in planetary geological sciences: studies of the composition, structure, and history of solar system planets. Programs, techniques, and research grants for studies of Mars photographs acquired through Mariner 6-10 flights are discussed at length, and particularly the handling of computer-enhanced photographic data. Scheduled future NASA-sponsored planet exploration missions (to Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus) are mentioned.

  9. An Analysis of the Feedback Provided from the Marine Corps Combat Readiness Evaluation System.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1983-12-01

    view of management control as that adapted by researchers in cybernetics, account - S -ing, and management information systems--those that concentrate...Conscious Style--concerned with costs but not with meeting a budget. (4) Non- Accounting Style--not concerned with meeting a budget or with costs . (Ref. 21...34 California Manacement Review, Vol. XXII, No. 2, Winter 1979, p. 50-59. 44. Horngren , Charles T. Ph.D., CPA, Introduction to Manage- [. . -ment Accounting

  10. Can’t Stop the Signal: Regaining Reliable Access to Cyberspace for Command and Control

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-05-15

    would be perfectly feasible to run fiber optic cabling. 26 So the difficulty with access to cyber in an ASAT environment is not the need to use...6 Congressional Budget Office, An Analysis of the Navy’s Fiscal Year 2014 Shipbuilding Plan (Congressional Budget Office, October 2013), 10, http...come over many different carriers, including line-of-sight (LOS) electromagnetic (EM) beams, satellite connections, physical connections (such as fiber

  11. Financial Crisis; Department of Defense Spending: How to Control Fraud, Waste, and Abuse in the Military

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-04-25

    problem that continues to cost billions of dollars in losses at a time when the United States Military and Federal Government can least afford it. It...to look like. The federal budget has become the leading issue affecting every Government Agency. The military’s budget is decreasing by more than...discuss the cost savings measures and initiatives currently being debated in Washington, and offer, for debate, several new recommendations that have

  12. PERSONAL HEALTH BUDGETS IN ENGLAND: MOOD MUSIC OR DEATH KNELL FOR THE NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE?

    PubMed

    Scott-Samuel, Alex

    2015-01-01

    Personal health budgets in England are National Health Service (NHS) funds that can be allocated to certain groups of patients to allow them, together with their NHS support staff, to purchase services or equipment that they believe will enhance their health and well-being. Some see this as a welcome personalization of health care that increases people's control over their health. However, personal health budgets are being introduced at a time when rapid privatization of the English NHS is taking place and when restrictions are being placed on people's access to health care. As a result, many view their introduction as a diversionary gimmick designed to help pave the way for the conversion of the NHS into the insurance-based system, which many believe is the intention of the U.K. government. This article describes the research and policy context in which this controversial intervention is being introduced and presents recent expert debate between proponents and opponents of personal health budgets, from e-mail discussion lists.

  13. Your scarcest resource.

    PubMed

    Mankins, Michael; Brahm, Chris; Caimi, Gregory

    2014-05-01

    Most companies have elaborate procedures for managing capital. They require a compelling business case for any new capital investment. They set hurdle rates. They delegate authority carefully, prescribing spending limits for each level. An organization's time, by contrast, goes largely unmanaged. Bain & Company, with which all three authors are associated, used innovative people analytics tools to examine the time budgets of 17 large corporations. It discovered that companies are awash in e-communications; meeting time has skyrocketed; real collaboration is limited; dysfunctional meeting behavior is on the rise; formal controls are rare; and the consequences of all this are few. The authors outline eight practices for managing organizational time. Among them are: Make meeting agendas clear and selective; create a zero-based time budget; require business cases for all initiatives; and standardize the decision process. Some forward-thinking companies bring as much discipline to their time budgets as to their capital budgets. As a result, they have Liberated countless hours of previously unproductive time for executives and employees, fueling innovation and accelerating profitable growth.

  14. Changing dynamics of Caribbean reef carbonate budgets: emergence of reef bioeroders as critical controls on present and future reef growth potential.

    PubMed

    Perry, Chris T; Murphy, Gary N; Kench, Paul S; Edinger, Evan N; Smithers, Scott G; Steneck, Robert S; Mumby, Peter J

    2014-12-07

    Coral cover has declined rapidly on Caribbean reefs since the early 1980s, reducing carbonate production and reef growth. Using a cross-regional dataset, we show that widespread reductions in bioerosion rates-a key carbonate cycling process-have accompanied carbonate production declines. Bioerosion by parrotfish, urchins, endolithic sponges and microendoliths collectively averages 2 G (where G = kg CaCO3 m(-2) yr(-1)) (range 0.96-3.67 G). This rate is at least 75% lower than that reported from Caribbean reefs prior to their shift towards their present degraded state. Despite chronic overfishing, parrotfish are the dominant bioeroders, but erosion rates are reduced from averages of approximately 4 to 1.6 G. Urchin erosion rates have declined further and are functionally irrelevant to bioerosion on most reefs. These changes demonstrate a fundamental shift in Caribbean reef carbonate budget dynamics. To-date, reduced bioerosion rates have partially offset carbonate production declines, limiting the extent to which more widespread transitions to negative budget states have occurred. However, given the poor prognosis for coral recovery in the Caribbean and reported shifts to coral community states dominated by slower calcifying taxa, a continued transition from production to bioerosion-controlled budget states, which will increasingly threaten reef growth, is predicted. © 2014 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.

  15. Effective tree hazard control on forested recreation sites...losses and protection costs evaluated

    Treesearch

    Lee A. Paine

    1967-01-01

    Effectiveness of hazard control was evaluated by analyzing data on tree failures, accidents, and control costs on California recreation sites. Results indicate that reduction of limb hazard in oaks and bole hazard in conifers is the most effective form of control. Least effective is limb hazard reduction in conifers. After hazard control goals or control budgets have...

  16. Beyond carbon budgets

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Peters, Glen P.

    2018-06-01

    The remaining carbon budget consistent with limiting warming to 1.5 °C allows 20 more years of current emissions according to one study, but is already exhausted according to another. Both are defensible. We need to move on from a unique carbon budget, and face the nuances.

  17. 24 CFR 125.105 - Application requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... the collection displays a valid control number.) ... of the project will produce to enhance fair housing, and the indicators by which these benefits are... Register. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 2529-0033. An agency may...

  18. 75 FR 80512 - Collection of Information Under Review by Office of Management and Budget: OMB Control Numbers...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-22

    ... Tanks; Approval of Non-Specification Portable Tanks; (2) 1625-0078, Licensing and Manning Requirements...: Licensing and Manning Requirements for Officers of Towing Vessels. OMB Control Number: 1625-0078. Type of...

  19. FAA's alleged unsatisfactory coordination and improper fund control of occupational safety and health programs

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1997-01-27

    This report responds to a complaint received by the Office of Inspector : General (OIG), Department of Transportation, concerning unsatisfactory program coordination and budget control activities between the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Off...

  20. 77 FR 22005 - Proposed Extension of Existing Collection; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-12

    ... describes the types of internal controls and risk management procedures that the Agencies believe are... display a valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. Please direct your written comments... Control No. 3235- 0622, SEC File No. 270-560. Notice is hereby given that pursuant to the Paperwork...

  1. 77 FR 10341 - Revisions to Federal Implementation Plans To Reduce Interstate Transport of Fine Particulate...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-02-21

    ... supporting the proposed revisions, which specifically addressed post-combustion pollution control equipment... on the proposed revisions rule (76 FR 63860, October 14, 2011) regarding post-combustion control... annual SO 2 budgets based on comments received on the revision rule regarding post-combustion control...

  2. 7 CFR 1218.78 - OMB control numbers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false OMB control numbers. 1218.78 Section 1218.78 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... Management and Budget pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, 44 U.S.C. Chapter 35, is OMB control...

  3. 7 CFR 1212.88 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false OMB control number. 1212.88 Section 1212.88 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... Management and Budget pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, 44 U.S.C. Chapter 35, is OMB control...

  4. 7 CFR 1924.150 - OMB Control Number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false OMB Control Number. 1924.150 Section 1924.150... Number. The reporting requirements contained in this subpart have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0164. Public reporting burden for...

  5. 7 CFR 1924.150 - OMB Control Number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2014-01-01 2013-01-01 true OMB Control Number. 1924.150 Section 1924.150... Number. The reporting requirements contained in this subpart have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0164. Public reporting burden for...

  6. 7 CFR 1924.150 - OMB Control Number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 12 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false OMB Control Number. 1924.150 Section 1924.150... Number. The reporting requirements contained in this subpart have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and have been assigned OMB control number 0575-0164. Public reporting burden for...

  7. 7 CFR 70.6 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false OMB control number. 70.6 Section 70.6 Agriculture... number. (a) Purpose. The collecting of information requirements in this part has been approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and assigned OMB control number 0581-0127. (b) Display. Sections...

  8. Cost Control. Michigan School Food Service Training Manual.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Michigan State Univ., East Lansing. Cooperative Extension Service.

    Cost control is the subject of this eight-lesson, three-test food service training manual. Lesson 1 deals with financial accountability and includes 17 handouts, ranging from sample balance to quarterly report sheets. Lesson 2 focuses on budgeting principles, and lesson 3 on labor controls. Professional purchasing, receiving, and inventorying…

  9. 77 FR 5832 - Conveyance of Federally-Owned Mineral Interests; Renewal of OMB Control Number

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-02-06

    ...] Conveyance of Federally-Owned Mineral Interests; Renewal of OMB Control Number AGENCY: Bureau of Land... Federally-owned mineral interests. The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) previously approved this...: Title: Conveyance of Federally-Owned Mineral Interests (43 CFR Part 2720). OMB Control Number: 1004-0153...

  10. 9 CFR 56.4 - Determination of indemnity amounts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... AGRICULTURE COOPERATIVE CONTROL AND ERADICATION OF LIVESTOCK OR POULTRY DISEASES CONTROL OF H5/H7 LOW..., and APHIS. APHIS will review claims for compensation for disposal to ensure that all expenditures... described in § 56.10. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0579-0007) [71...

  11. 9 CFR 56.4 - Determination of indemnity amounts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... AGRICULTURE COOPERATIVE CONTROL AND ERADICATION OF LIVESTOCK OR POULTRY DISEASES CONTROL OF H5/H7 LOW..., and APHIS. APHIS will review claims for compensation for disposal to ensure that all expenditures... described in § 56.10. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0579-0007) [71...

  12. 9 CFR 56.4 - Determination of indemnity amounts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... AGRICULTURE COOPERATIVE CONTROL AND ERADICATION OF LIVESTOCK OR POULTRY DISEASES CONTROL OF H5/H7 LOW..., and APHIS. APHIS will review claims for compensation for disposal to ensure that all expenditures... described in § 56.10. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0579-0007) [71...

  13. 9 CFR 56.4 - Determination of indemnity amounts.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... AGRICULTURE COOPERATIVE CONTROL AND ERADICATION OF LIVESTOCK OR POULTRY DISEASES CONTROL OF H5/H7 LOW..., and APHIS. APHIS will review claims for compensation for disposal to ensure that all expenditures... described in § 56.10. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0579-0007) [71...

  14. Army Industrial Fund Analytical Study (AIFAS).

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1984-08-01

    Directorate b. Team Members Mr. Joel S. Gordon Mr. Charles Weber c. Other Contributors Mr. Carl B. Bates, Analysis Support Directorate 2. PRODUCT REVIEW...OSD OSD/OMB operati renie budget (COB) ___ budget rve guidance guidance MACGM I I ProgramI Prga MCOIMietr budget COBI iretr decisions VIACOMI

  15. Global Biogeographic Analysis of Methanogenic Archaea Identifies Community-Shaping Environmental Factors of Natural Environments

    PubMed Central

    Wen, Xi; Yang, Sizhong; Horn, Fabian; Winkel, Matthias; Wagner, Dirk; Liebner, Susanne

    2017-01-01

    Methanogenic archaea are important for the global greenhouse gas budget since they produce methane under anoxic conditions in numerous natural environments such as oceans, estuaries, soils, and lakes. Whether and how environmental change will propagate into methanogenic assemblages of natural environments remains largely unknown owing to a poor understanding of global distribution patterns and environmental drivers of this specific group of microorganisms. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis targeting the biogeographic patterns and environmental controls of methanogenic communities using 94 public mcrA gene datasets. We show a global pattern of methanogenic archaea that is more associated with habitat filtering than with geographical dispersal. We identify salinity as the control on methanogenic community composition at global scale whereas pH and temperature are the major controls in non-saline soils and lakes. The importance of salinity for structuring methanogenic community composition is also reflected in the biogeography of methanogenic lineages and the physiological properties of methanogenic isolates. Linking methanogenic alpha-diversity with reported values of methane emission identifies estuaries as the most diverse methanogenic habitats with, however, minor contribution to the global methane budget. With salinity, temperature and pH our study identifies environmental drivers of methanogenic community composition facing drastic changes in many natural environments at the moment. However, consequences of this for the production of methane remain elusive owing to a lack of studies that combine methane production rate with community analysis. PMID:28769904

  16. Multiple Teacher Training Programs: Information on Budgets, Services, and Target Groups. Fact Sheet for the Chairman, Budget Committee, House of Representatives.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. Health, Education, and Human Services Div.

    This study examined the total number of federally funded teacher training programs (excluding student loans and grants that could be used for teacher training), the budget obligations for teacher training programs, the number of teachers trained by these programs, and differences in services across the programs. The study found that in fiscal year…

  17. Capturing Budget Impact Considerations Within Economic Evaluations: A Systematic Review of Economic Evaluations of Rotavirus Vaccine in Low- and Middle-Income Countries and a Proposed Assessment Framework.

    PubMed

    Carvalho, Natalie; Jit, Mark; Cox, Sarah; Yoong, Joanne; Hutubessy, Raymond C W

    2018-01-01

    In low- and middle-income countries, budget impact is an important criterion for funding new interventions, particularly for large public health investments such as new vaccines. However, budget impact analyses remain less frequently conducted and less well researched than cost-effectiveness analyses. The objective of this study was to fill the gap in research on budget impact analyses by assessing (1) the quality of stand-alone budget impact analyses, and (2) the feasibility of extending cost-effectiveness analyses to capture budget impact. We developed a budget impact analysis checklist and scoring system for budget impact analyses, which we then adapted for cost-effectiveness analyses, based on current International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research Task Force recommendations. We applied both budget impact analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis checklists and scoring systems to examine the extent to which existing economic evaluations provide sufficient evidence about budget impact to enable decision making. We used rotavirus vaccination as an illustrative case in which low- and middle-income countries uptake has been limited despite demonstrated cost effectiveness. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify economic evaluations of rotavirus vaccine in low- and middle-income countries published between January 2000 and February 2017. We critically appraised the quality of budget impact analyses, and assessed the extension of cost-effectiveness analyses to provide useful budget impact information. Six budget impact analyses and 60 cost-effectiveness analyses were identified. Budget impact analyses adhered to most International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research recommendations, with key exceptions being provision of undiscounted financial streams for each budget period and model validation. Most cost-effectiveness analyses could not be extended to provide useful budget impact information; cost-effectiveness analyses also rarely presented undiscounted annual costs, or estimated financial streams during the first years of programme scale-up. Cost-effectiveness analyses vastly outnumber budget impact analyses of rotavirus vaccination, despite both being critical for policy decision making. Straightforward changes to the presentation of cost-effectiveness analyses results could facilitate their adaptation into budget impact analyses.

  18. The use of time-series LIDAR to understand the role of foredune blowouts in coastal dune dynamics, Sefton, NW England.

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    O'Keeffe, Nicholas; Delgado-Fernandez, Irene; Aplin, Paul; Jackson, Derek; Marston, Christopher

    2017-04-01

    Coastal dunes are natural buffers against the threat of climate change-induced sea level rise. Their evolution is largely controlled by sediment exchanges between the geomorphic sub-units of the nearshore, beach, foredune and dune field. Coastlines characterised by multiple blowouts at the beach-dune interface may be more susceptible to coastline retreat through the enhanced landwards transport of beach and foredune sediment. This study, based in Sefton, north-west England, exploits an unprecedented temporal coverage of LIDAR surveys spanning 15 years (1999, 2008, 2010, 2013 and 2014). Established GIS techniques have been utilised to extract both the coastline (foredune toe) and the foredune crest from each LIDAR derived DTM (Digital Terrain Model). Migration of the foredune toe has been tracked over this period. Analysis of differentials between the height of the dune toe and dune crest have been used to locate the alongshore position of blowouts within the foredune. Dune sediment budgets have then been calculated for each DTM and analysis of the budgets conducted, with the coastline being compartmentalised alongshore, based on presence of blowouts within the foredune. Results indicate that sections of the coastline where blowouts are present within the foredune may be most vulnerable to coastline retreat. Temporal changes in the sediment budget within many of these sections also provides evidence that, if blowouts are present, coastline retreat continues to be a possibility even when the dune sediment budget remains positive.

  19. BUDGET IMPACT ANALYSIS OF BELIMUMAB IN TREATING SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS.

    PubMed

    Pierotti, Francesca; Palla, Iaria; Pippo, Lara; Lorenzoni, Valentina; Turchetti, Giuseppe

    2016-01-01

    The study evaluates the costs of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the budget impact due to the introduction of belimumab in the Italian setting. Adaptation to the Italian setting of a budget impact model with a time horizon of 4 years (year 0 without belimumab, years 1-3 with belimumab) to compare treatment, administration, and clinical monitoring costs of standard therapy and of the alternative scenario in which belimumab is administered in addition to the standard therapy to the subgroup of patients selected according to the label approved by the European Medicines Agency. The model takes also into account the costs of flares. Over 3 years, belimumab is able to prevent cumulatively 1,111 severe flares and 3,631 nonsevere flares with a total saving for the Italian National Health System (NHS) of approximately €6.2 million. Budget impact ranges from €4.4 million in the first year to €20.3 million in the third year. The decrease in the number of flare partially counterbalances the costs of the new technology (impact attenuation of approximately 16 percent). These data elucidate the importance to control and monitor the disease progression and to prevent exacerbations, which are the major causes of the increase in costs paid by the NHS and by the society. The financial impact could be replicate on a regional basis, to inform local decision makers. Further developments are possible as the model does not consider the additional clinical and economic benefits of reduced damage accrual and slowed disease progression.

  20. Altitude controls carbon dioxide in boreal lakes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bhattacharya, Atreyee

    2012-09-01

    Organic matter present in lakes, derived either from land-based sources—such as plants, soil, and sediments—or from in situ processes—such as degrading detritus in the water—could be important in the global carbon cycle, and possibly a significant source of the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) budget. The partial pressure of CO2 in surface waters (pCO2) drives the escape of CO2 to the atmosphere. Hence, scientists have long suspected that the relationship between pCO2 and the dissolved organic matter (DOC) in lake waters refects the relative contribution of the environment and in situ processes to the high-latitude carbon budget. Combining measurements of DOC and pCO2 from nearly 200 lakes across Quebec, Canada, with an additional 13 lake-based studies from temperate regions across the northern hemisphere, Lapierre and del Giorgio suggest that on a regional scale the A variety of lakes dominate the boreal landscape of Quebec, Canada. elevation of lakes is one of the strongest controls on the relationship between DOC and pCO2 in boreal lakes.

  1. A disease management programme for patients with diabetes mellitus is associated with improved quality of care within existing budgets.

    PubMed

    Steuten, L M G; Vrijhoef, H J M; Landewé-Cleuren, S; Schaper, N; Van Merode, G G; Spreeuwenberg, C

    2007-10-01

    To assess the impact of a disease management programme for patients with diabetes mellitus (Type 1 and Type 2) on cost-effectiveness, quality of life and patient self-management. By organizing care in accordance with the principles of disease management, it is aimed to increase quality of care within existing budgets. Single-group, pre-post design with 2-year follow-up in 473 patients. Substantial significant improvements in glycaemic control, health-related quality of life (HRQL) and patient self-management were found. No significant changes were detected in total costs of care. The probability that the disease management programme is cost-effective compared with usual care amounts to 74%, expressed in an average saving of 117 per additional life year at 5% improved HRQL. Introduction of a disease management programme for patients with diabetes is associated with improved intermediate outcomes within existing budgets. Further research should focus on long-term cost-effectiveness, including diabetic complications and mortality, in a controlled setting or by using decision-analytic modelling techniques.

  2. A collaborative vendor-buyer production-inventory systems with imperfect quality items, inspection errors, and stochastic demand under budget capacity constraint: a Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions approach

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kurdhi, N. A.; Nurhayati, R. A.; Wiyono, S. B.; Handajani, S. S.; Martini, T. S.

    2017-01-01

    In this paper, we develop an integrated inventory model considering the imperfect quality items, inspection error, controllable lead time, and budget capacity constraint. The imperfect items were uniformly distributed and detected on the screening process. However there are two types of possibilities. The first is type I of inspection error (when a non-defective item classified as defective) and the second is type II of inspection error (when a defective item classified as non-defective). The demand during the lead time is unknown, and it follows the normal distribution. The lead time can be controlled by adding the crashing cost. Furthermore, the existence of the budget capacity constraint is caused by the limited purchasing cost. The purposes of this research are: to modify the integrated vendor and buyer inventory model, to establish the optimal solution using Kuhn-Tucker’s conditions, and to apply the models. Based on the result of application and the sensitivity analysis, it can be obtained minimum integrated inventory total cost rather than separated inventory.

  3. Implementing personalisation for people with mental health problems: a comparative case study of four local authorities in England.

    PubMed

    Larsen, John; Ainsworth, Emily; Harrop, Clare; Patterson, Sue; Hamilton, Sarah; Szymczynska, Paulina; Tew, Jerry; Manthorpe, Jill; Pinfold, Vanessa

    2013-04-01

    Enhancing choice and control for people using services is a mental health and social-care service priority in England. Personalisation is a new policy and practice for delivery of social-care services where eligible adults are allocated a personal budget to spend to meet their agreed support needs. To describe approaches to introducing personal budgets to people with severe and enduring mental health needs, and to identify facilitators or barriers encountered. Within four English local authority (LA) areas, purposively selected to provide maximum variation, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 58 participants from LAs, NHS trusts and third-sector organisations. An Interpretive Framework analysis considered within- and across-site insights. Issues arising from the implementation of personalisation for people with mental health needs are presented under two general themes: "responsibility and power" and "vision and leadership". Key challenges identified were complexities of working across NHS and LAs, the importance of effective leadership and engagement with service user representatives. Implementing personal budgets in mental health requires effective engagement of health and social-care systems. Change processes need strong leadership, clear vision and personal commitment, with ownership by all key stakeholders, including front-line practitioners.

  4. Just how important is a good season start? Overall team performance and financial budget of elite soccer clubs.

    PubMed

    Lago-Peñas, Carlos; Sampaio, Jaime

    2015-01-01

    The aim of the current study was (i) to identify how important is a good season start on elite soccer teams' performance and (ii) to examine whether this impact is related to the clubs' financial budget. The match performances and annual budgets of all teams were collected from the English FA Premier League, French Ligue 1, Spanish La Liga, Italian Serie A and German Bundesliga for three consecutive seasons (2010-2011 to 2012-2013). A k-means cluster analysis classified the clubs according to their budget as High Range Budget Clubs, Upper-Mid Range Budget Clubs, Lower-Mid Range Budget Clubs and Low Range Budget Clubs. Data were examined through linear regression models. Overall, the results suggested that the better the team performance at the beginning of the season, the better the ranking at the end of the season. However, the impact of the effect depended on the clubs' annual budget, with lower budgets being associated with a greater importance of having a good season start (P < 0.01). Moreover, there were differences in trends across the different leagues. These variables can be used to develop accurate models to estimate final rankings. Conversely, Lower-Mid and Lower Range Budget Clubs can benefit from fine-tuning preseason planning in order to accelerate the acquisition of optimal performances.

  5. Estuarine Sediment Budgets for Chesapeake Bay Tributaries

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-09-01

    developed and used in this study are transferable to other systems. Sediment loads and sediment budgets from other rivers in the Bay would help clarify the...related in a mass balance equation. Load is mass per unit of time. This study used metric tons per year (Mt/yr), where a metric ton is 1,000 kg...Figure 1 displays the conceptual model of the sediment budget for Chesapeake Bay estuaries. Study Areas. The York and Patuxent Rivers were chosen to

  6. Building Budgets and Trust through Superintendent Leadership

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bird, James J.; Wang, Chuang; Murray, Louise M.

    2009-01-01

    In this study, we surveyed school district superintendents in a southeastern state about their budget-building strategies. The majority of responding superintendents had worked with their most senior principals and business managers for less than three years. Patterns of variance along the openness of budget-building processes, information…

  7. Program control for mission success

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Longanecker, G. W.

    1994-01-01

    This article suggests that in order to be able to exercise control over a particular program, the program itself must be controllable. A controllable program therefore, according to the author, is one that has been properly scoped technically, realistically scheduled, and adequately budgeted. The article delves indepth into each of the above aspects of a controllable program and discusses both the pros and cons of each.

  8. 7 CFR 252.7 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS AND POLICIES-FOOD DISTRIBUTION NATIONAL COMMODITY PROCESSING PROGRAM § 252.7 OMB... approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0584-0325. ...

  9. 7 CFR 2.28 - Chief Financial Officer.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... on internal accounting and administrative control systems submitted to the President and the Congress... system for the Department and component agencies, including financial reporting and internal controls... and for the development and reporting of cost information, the integration of accounting and budgeting...

  10. 7 CFR 1425.24 - OMB control number assigned pursuant to Paperwork Reduction Act.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... MARKETING ASSOCIATIONS § 1425.24 OMB control number assigned pursuant to Paperwork Reduction Act. The... Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under the provisions of 44 U.S.C. Chapter 35 and have been assigned...

  11. 2 CFR 182.610 - Controlled substance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Controlled substance. 182.610 Section 182.610 Grants and Agreements OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET GOVERNMENTWIDE GUIDANCE FOR GRANTS AND AGREEMENTS Reserved GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) Definitions...

  12. 78 FR 68018 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-13

    ..., Office of Management and Budget (OMB), New Executive Office Building, Washington, DC; New Executive... a currently valid OMB control number. Agricultural Marketing Service Title: Generic Fruit Crops, Marketing Order Administration Branch. OMB Control Number: 0581-0189. Summary of Collection: Industries...

  13. 7 CFR 1942.350 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) ASSOCIATIONS Rural Business Enterprise Grants and Television Demonstration... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, RURAL BUSINESS... been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and have been assigned OMB control number 0575...

  14. Adoption of Biosimilar Infliximab for Rheumatoid Arthritis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the EU5: A Budget Impact Analysis Using a Delphi Panel

    PubMed Central

    Kanters, Tim A.; Stevanovic, Jelena; Huys, Isabelle; Vulto, Arnold G.; Simoens, Steven

    2017-01-01

    Introduction: Introducing biosimilar infliximab for the treatment in rheumatology (rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis) and inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) may reduce treatment costs associated with biologics. This study aimed to investigate the budget impact of adopting biosimilar infliximab in five European countries, considering that the budget impact includes the adoption of biosimilar infliximab and the availability of biologic alternatives such as vedolizumab, biosimilar etanercept, biosimilar rituximab, and other relevant factors. Methods: An existing budget impact model was adapted to forecast the budget impact in the UK, Germany, France, Spain, and Italy. Epidemiological parameters were derived from published literature reviewed in July 2015. Current market shares of biologics were derived from Therapy Watch (2012/2013 data). Respondents in a Delphi panel, conducted in 2015 and consisting of several leading rheumatologists and gastroenterologists from different nationalities, were asked to forecast uptake of biosimilar infliximab and estimate the proportion of patients eligible for a particular type of biological treatment, including biosimilar infliximab. Scenario analyses assessed the influence of various factors, including price reductions, on the budget. Results: Uptake of biosimilar infliximab was particularly expected for naïve patients; switching patients that already received other biologics was not expected much. Market shares after 5 years of biosimilar infliximab were ~2% in rheumatology in all five countries and in gastroenterology ranged from 4% in France to over 30% in Italy. Except for France, budgets were expected to decrease for rheumatologic diseases. For gastroenterology, budgets were expected to decrease in Spain and Italy. Budgets were expected to increase substantially in the UK and Germany, due to the introduction of vedolizumab in the studied period. In France, budget was expected to slightly increase for ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's Disease, and ulcerative collitis. Savings in budget were expected in all countries, for all diseases, when larger price discounts on biosimilar infliximab were used. Discussion and Conclusion: This study has shown that only when price reductions are large enough (i.e., 50% or more), physicians indicated that they will prescribe biosimilars. Policy makers should ensure substantial price reductions and stimulate physicians to use biosimilar products, to obtain savings in healthcare budgets. PMID:28620302

  15. Adoption of Biosimilar Infliximab for Rheumatoid Arthritis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the EU5: A Budget Impact Analysis Using a Delphi Panel.

    PubMed

    Kanters, Tim A; Stevanovic, Jelena; Huys, Isabelle; Vulto, Arnold G; Simoens, Steven

    2017-01-01

    Introduction: Introducing biosimilar infliximab for the treatment in rheumatology (rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis) and inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) may reduce treatment costs associated with biologics. This study aimed to investigate the budget impact of adopting biosimilar infliximab in five European countries, considering that the budget impact includes the adoption of biosimilar infliximab and the availability of biologic alternatives such as vedolizumab, biosimilar etanercept, biosimilar rituximab, and other relevant factors. Methods: An existing budget impact model was adapted to forecast the budget impact in the UK, Germany, France, Spain, and Italy. Epidemiological parameters were derived from published literature reviewed in July 2015. Current market shares of biologics were derived from Therapy Watch (2012/2013 data). Respondents in a Delphi panel, conducted in 2015 and consisting of several leading rheumatologists and gastroenterologists from different nationalities, were asked to forecast uptake of biosimilar infliximab and estimate the proportion of patients eligible for a particular type of biological treatment, including biosimilar infliximab. Scenario analyses assessed the influence of various factors, including price reductions, on the budget. Results: Uptake of biosimilar infliximab was particularly expected for naïve patients; switching patients that already received other biologics was not expected much. Market shares after 5 years of biosimilar infliximab were ~2% in rheumatology in all five countries and in gastroenterology ranged from 4% in France to over 30% in Italy. Except for France, budgets were expected to decrease for rheumatologic diseases. For gastroenterology, budgets were expected to decrease in Spain and Italy. Budgets were expected to increase substantially in the UK and Germany, due to the introduction of vedolizumab in the studied period. In France, budget was expected to slightly increase for ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's Disease, and ulcerative collitis. Savings in budget were expected in all countries, for all diseases, when larger price discounts on biosimilar infliximab were used. Discussion and Conclusion: This study has shown that only when price reductions are large enough (i.e., 50% or more), physicians indicated that they will prescribe biosimilars. Policy makers should ensure substantial price reductions and stimulate physicians to use biosimilar products, to obtain savings in healthcare budgets.

  16. Geometric error characterization and error budgets. [thematic mapper

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Beyer, E.

    1982-01-01

    Procedures used in characterizing geometric error sources for a spaceborne imaging system are described using the LANDSAT D thematic mapper ground segment processing as the prototype. Software was tested through simulation and is undergoing tests with the operational hardware as part of the prelaunch system evaluation. Geometric accuracy specifications, geometric correction, and control point processing are discussed. Cross track and along track errors are tabulated for the thematic mapper, the spacecraft, and ground processing to show the temporal registration error budget in pixel (42.5 microrad) 90%.

  17. Department of the Navy Supporting Data for FY1991 Budget Estimates Descriptive Summaries

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1990-01-01

    deployments of the F/A-18 aircraft. f. (U) Engineering and technical support for AAS-38 tracker and F/A-18 C/D WSSA. g. (U) Provided support to ATARS program...for preliminary testing of RECCE/ ATARS common nose and associated air data computer (ADC) algorithms. h. (U) Initiated integration of full HARPOON and...to ATARS program for testing of flight control computer software. 28 UNCLASSIFIED 0]PgLa .e 2 4136N Budget Activity: 4 Program Elemhk* Title: F/A-18

  18. 40 CFR 96.87 - Change in regulatory status.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... period multiplied by the ratio of the number of days, in the control period, starting with the effective... § 96.42 for the control period multiplied by the ratio of the number of days, in the control period... allocated for the same or a prior control period as: (1) Any NOX allowances allocated to the NOX Budget unit...

  19. Mask characterization for critical dimension uniformity budget breakdown in advanced extreme ultraviolet lithography

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nikolsky, Peter; Strolenberg, Chris; Nielsen, Rasmus; Nooitgedacht, Tjitte; Davydova, Natalia; Yang, Greg; Lee, Shawn; Park, Chang-Min; Kim, Insung; Yeo, Jeong-Ho

    2013-04-01

    As the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors critical dimension uniformity (CDU) specification shrinks, semiconductor companies need to maintain a high yield of good wafers per day and high performance (and hence market value) of finished products. This cannot be achieved without continuous analysis and improvement of on-product CDU as one of the main drivers for process control and optimization with better understanding of main contributors from the litho cluster: mask, process, metrology and scanner. We will demonstrate a study of mask CDU characterization and its impact on CDU Budget Breakdown (CDU BB) performed for advanced extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography with 1D (dense lines) and 2D (dense contacts) feature cases. We will show that this CDU contributor is one of the main differentiators between well-known ArFi and new EUV CDU budgeting principles. We found that reticle contribution to intrafield CDU should be characterized in a specific way: mask absorber thickness fingerprints play a role comparable with reticle CDU in the total reticle part of the CDU budget. Wafer CD fingerprints, introduced by this contributor, may or may not compensate variations of mask CDs and hence influence on total mask impact on intrafield CDU at the wafer level. This will be shown on 1D and 2D feature examples. Mask stack reflectivity variations should also be taken into account: these fingerprints have visible impact on intrafield CDs at the wafer level and should be considered as another contributor to the reticle part of EUV CDU budget. We also observed mask error enhancement factor (MEEF) through field fingerprints in the studied EUV cases. Variations of MEEF may play a role towards the total intrafield CDU and may need to be taken into account for EUV lithography. We characterized MEEF-through-field for the reviewed features, with results herein, but further analysis of this phenomenon is required. This comprehensive approach to quantifying the mask part of the overall EUV CDU contribution helps deliver an accurate and integral CDU BB per product/process and litho tool. The better understanding of the entire CDU budget for advanced EUVL nodes achieved by Samsung and ASML helps extend the limits of Moore's Law and to deliver successful implementation of smaller, faster and smarter chips in semiconductor industry.

  20. Potential of green infrastructure to restore predevelopment water budget of a semi-arid urban catchment

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Feng, Youcan; Burian, Steven; Pomeroy, Christine

    2016-11-01

    This paper presents a study of the potential for green infrastructure (GI) to restore the predevelopment hydrologic cycle in a semi-arid urban catchment. Simulations of stormwater runoff from a 0.11-km2 urban catchment in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA for predeveloped (Natural Hydrology, NH), developed (Baseline, BL), and developed with GI (Green Infrastructure, GI) conditions were executed for a one-year period. The study was repeated for a relatively dry year, wet year, and an average year based on precipitation amounts in the year. Bioretention and green roofs were chosen for the GI plan. Results showed that the water budget of the catchment with the GI plan implemented more closely matches the NH water budget compared to the BL scenario, for all three years (dry, wet, average). The BL and GI scenarios showed more significant modifications to the water budget than what has been found by studies in humid climates. Compared to the BL condition, GI annually reduces surface runoff by 35%, 45%, and 43% and restores evapotranspiration by 18%, 19%, and 25% for the dry, average, wet years, respectively. Based on the introduced water budget restoration coefficient (WBRC), the water budget of the study catchment was restored by the GI plan to 90%, 90%, and 82% of the predevelopment state in the dry, average, and wet years, respectively. By comparing the WBRC estimated for other studies, it is further inferred that the water budget is more significantly affected by development and GI restoration in semi-arid than humid climates, but the differences lessen as the precipitation amount increases.

  1. [Health financing conditions in large cities in Brazil].

    PubMed

    de Lima, Luciana Dias; de Andrade, Carla Lourenço Tavares

    2009-10-01

    We evaluated the funding of the Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS) in municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants. The main goal was to evaluate the impact of policies for health resource allocation within the municipal budget. A database was organized with information from revenues reported by municipalities in the Information System on Government Health Budgets (SIOPS) for the year 2005. Reported budgets were compared and correlated to the municipalities' geographic location. We conducted a cluster analysis to create more homogeneous groups according to health-related budget. The study showed a major variability among different regions and States, with varying degrees of municipal dependence on external funds. Although the large variability in sources may indicate multiple strategies for ensuring the necessary budget funds, the study suggests some barriers to public health funding in larger municipalities.

  2. Sediment and nutrient budgets are inherently dynamic: evidence from a long-term study of two subtropical reservoirs

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    O'Brien, Katherine R.; Weber, Tony R.; Leigh, Catherine; Burford, Michele A.

    2016-12-01

    Accurate reservoir budgets are important for understanding regional fluxes of sediment and nutrients. Here we present a comprehensive budget of sediment (based on total suspended solids, TSS), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) for two subtropical reservoirs on rivers with highly intermittent flow regimes. The budget is completed from July 1997 to June 2011 on the Somerset and Wivenhoe reservoirs in southeast Queensland, Australia, using a combination of monitoring data and catchment model predictions. A major flood in January 2011 accounted for more than half of the water entering and leaving both reservoirs in that year, and approximately 30 % of water delivered to and released from Wivenhoe over the 14-year study period. The flood accounted for an even larger proportion of total TSS and nutrient loads: in Wivenhoe more than one-third of TSS inputs and two-thirds of TSS outputs between 1997 and 2011 occurred during January 2011. During non-flood years, mean historical concentrations provided reasonable estimates of TSS and nutrient loads leaving the reservoirs. Calculating loads from historical mean TSS and TP concentrations during January 2011, however, would have substantially underestimated outputs over the entire study period, by up to a factor of 10. The results have important implications for sediment and nutrient budgets in catchments with highly episodic flow. First, quantifying inputs and outputs during major floods is essential for producing reliable long-term budgets. Second, sediment and nutrient budgets are dynamic, not static. Characterizing uncertainty and variability is therefore just as important for meaningful reservoir budgets as accurate quantification of loads.

  3. Measurement Uncertainty Budget of the PMV Thermal Comfort Equation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ekici, Can

    2016-05-01

    Fanger's predicted mean vote (PMV) equation is the result of the combined quantitative effects of the air temperature, mean radiant temperature, air velocity, humidity activity level and clothing thermal resistance. PMV is a mathematical model of thermal comfort which was developed by Fanger. The uncertainty budget of the PMV equation was developed according to GUM in this study. An example is given for the uncertainty model of PMV in the exemplification section of the study. Sensitivity coefficients were derived from the PMV equation. Uncertainty budgets can be seen in the tables. A mathematical model of the sensitivity coefficients of Ta, hc, T_{mrt}, T_{cl}, and Pa is given in this study. And the uncertainty budgets for hc, T_{cl}, and Pa are given in this study.

  4. The value of flexibility in conservation financing.

    PubMed

    Lennox, Gareth D; Fargione, Joseph; Spector, Sacha; Williams, Gwyn; Armsworth, Paul R

    2017-06-01

    Land-acquisition strategies employed by conservation organizations vary in their flexibility. Conservation-planning theory largely fails to reflect this by presenting models that are either extremely inflexible-parcel acquisitions are irreversible and budgets are fixed-or extremely flexible-previously acquired parcels can readily be sold. This latter approach, the selling of protected areas, is infeasible or problematic in many situations. We considered the value to conservation organizations of increasing the flexibility of their land-acquisition strategies through their approach to financing deals. Specifically, we modeled 2 acquisition-financing methods commonly used by conservation organizations: borrowing and budget carry-over. Using simulated data, we compared results from these models with those from an inflexible fixed-budget model and an extremely flexible selling model in which previous acquisitions could be sold to fund new acquisitions. We then examined 3 case studies of how conservation organizations use borrowing and budget carry-over in practice. Model comparisons showed that borrowing and budget carry-over always returned considerably higher rewards than the fixed-budget model. How they performed relative to the selling model depended on the relative conservation value of past acquisitions. Both the models and case studies showed that incorporating flexibility through borrowing or budget carry-over gives conservation organizations the ability to purchase parcels of higher conservation value than when budgets are fixed without the problems associated with the selling of protected areas. © 2016 Society for Conservation Biology.

  5. State Higher Education Budgeting Mechanisms in the United States

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mizuta, Kensuke; Yoshida, Kana; Yanagiura, Takeshi

    2010-01-01

    (Purpose) The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between certain characteristics of US states and their budgeting systems for higher education (HE), and to derive implications for Japanese HE budgeting policy from the results. (Methodology) The US's State Higher Education Executive Officers (SHEEO) conducted a 30-item…

  6. Analysis of surface energy budget data over varying land-cover conditions.

    USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

    The surface energy budget plays an important role in boundary-layer meteorology and quantifying these budgets over varying land surface types is important in studying land-atmosphere interactions. In late April 2007, eddy covariance towers were erected at four sites in the Little Washita Watershed i...

  7. An Integrated Performance-Based Budgeting Model for Thai Higher Education

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Charoenkul, Nantarat; Siribanpitak, Pruet

    2012-01-01

    This research mainly aims to develop an administrative model of performance-based budgeting for autonomous state universities. The sample population in this study covers 4 representatives of autonomous state universities from 4 regions of Thailand, where the performance-based budgeting system has been fully practiced. The research informants…

  8. Glenn Powell | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    , bearings Construction, project supervision, steel, timber, plumbing, critical climate control Water and wastewater treatment, storage, pumping Purchasing, budgeting, planning Education Yacht 3 Marine Chief

  9. Budgets of divergent and rotational kinetic energy during two periods of intense convection

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Buechler, D. E.; Fuelberg, H. E.

    1986-01-01

    The derivations of the energy budget equations for divergent and rotational components of kinetic energy are provided. The intense convection periods studied are: (1) synoptic scale data of 3 or 6 hour intervals and (2) mesoalphascale data every 3 hours. Composite energies and averaged budgets for the periods are presented; the effects of random data errors on derived energy parameters is investigated. The divergent kinetic energy and rotational kinetic energy budgets are compared; good correlation of the data is observed. The kinetic energies and budget terms increase with convective development; however, the conversion of the divergent and rotational energies are opposite.

  10. Shopper marketing nutrition interventions: Social norms on grocery carts increase produce spending without increasing shopper budgets☆

    PubMed Central

    Payne, Collin R.; Niculescu, Mihai; Just, David R.; Kelly, Michael P.

    2015-01-01

    Objectives We assessed the efficacy of an easy-to-implement shopper marketing nutrition intervention in a pilot and two additional studies to increase produce demand without decreasing store profitability or increasing shopper budgets. Methods We created grocery cart placards that detailed the number of produce items purchased (i.e., descriptive norm) at particular stores (i.e., provincial norm). The effect of these placards on produce spending was assessed across 971,706 individual person grocery store transactions aggregated by day. The pilot study designated a baseline period (in both control and intervention store) followed by installation of grocery cart placards (in the intervention store) for two weeks. The pilot study was conducted in Texas in 2012. In two additional stores, we designated baseline periods followed by 28 days of the same grocery cart placard intervention as in the pilot. Additional interventions were conducted in New Mexico in 2013. Results The pilot study resulted in a significant difference between average produce spending per day per person across treatment periods (i.e., intervention versus same time period in control) (16%) and the difference between average produce spending per day per person across stores in the control periods (4%); Furthermore, the same intervention in two additional stores resulted in significant produce spending increases of 12.4% and 7.5% per day per person respectively. In all stores, total spending did not change. Conclusions Descriptive and provincial social norm messages (i.e., on grocery cart placards) may be an overlooked tool to increase produce demand without decreasing store profitability and increasing shopper budgets. PMID:26844084

  11. Balancing the books - a statistical theory of prospective budgets in Earth System science

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    O'Kane, J. Philip

    An honest declaration of the error in a mass, momentum or energy balance, ɛ, simply raises the question of its acceptability: "At what value of ɛ is the attempted balance to be rejected?" Answering this question requires a reference quantity against which to compare ɛ. This quantity must be a mathematical function of all the data used in making the balance. To deliver this function, a theory grounded in a workable definition of acceptability is essential. A distinction must be drawn between a retrospective balance and a prospective budget in relation to any natural space-filling body. Balances look to the past; budgets look to the future. The theory is built on the application of classical sampling theory to the measurement and closure of a prospective budget. It satisfies R.A. Fisher's "vital requirement that the actual and physical conduct of experiments should govern the statistical procedure of their interpretation". It provides a test, which rejects, or fails to reject, the hypothesis that the closing error on the budget, when realised, was due to sampling error only. By increasing the number of measurements, the discrimination of the test can be improved, controlling both the precision and accuracy of the budget and its components. The cost-effective design of such measurement campaigns is discussed briefly. This analysis may also show when campaigns to close a budget on a particular space-filling body are not worth the effort for either scientific or economic reasons. Other approaches, such as those based on stochastic processes, lack this finality, because they fail to distinguish between different types of error in the mismatch between a set of realisations of the process and the measured data.

  12. School Desegregation and the Courts

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gittell, Marilyn

    1976-01-01

    Asserts that community control is not an all-or-nothing situation, but that centralization can co-exist with decentralization. Argues for states to have the responsibility for insuring desegregation and equitable funding and for communities to have control of personnel, curriculum and budget priorities. (Author/AM)

  13. 7 CFR 1956.100 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, RURAL BUSINESS...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) DEBT SETTLEMENT Debt Settlement-Farm Loan Programs and Multi-Family... been approved by the Office of Management and Budget and assigned OMB control number 0575-0118. Public...

  14. 77 FR 65372 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission to the Office of Management and Budget for...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-26

    ... System. OMB Control Number: Pending. Type of Review: New collection, request for a new OMB Control Number... been issued the required two factor authentication tokens can access the FS SAS. The FS SAS allows...

  15. NOX EMISSION CONTROL OPTIONS FOR COAL-FIRED ELECTRIC UTILITY BOILERS

    EPA Science Inventory

    The paper reviews NOx control options for coal-fired electric utility boilers. (NOTE: Acid Rain NOx regulations, the Ozone Transport Commission's NOx Budget Program, revision of the New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) for NOx emissions from utility sources, and Ozone Transpor...

  16. 7 CFR 1205.541 - OMB control numbers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false OMB control numbers. 1205.541 Section 1205.541 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... number assigned to the information collection requirements by the Office of Management and Budget...

  17. 76 FR 48117 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-08

    ..., Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget (OMB), New Executive Office... a currently valid OMB control number. Agricultural Marketing Service Title: Data Collection for Container Availability. OMB Control Number: 0581--NEW. Summary of Collection: The Agricultural Marketing Act...

  18. Seasonal and Intra-annual Controls on CO 2 Flux in Arctic Alaska

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Oechel, Walter; Kalhori, Aram

    2015-12-01

    In order to advance the understanding of the patterns and controls on the carbon budget in the Arctic region, San Diego State University has maintained eddy covariance flux towers at three sites in Arctic Alaska, starting in 1997.

  19. 16 CFR 1033.1 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... to display all control numbers assigned by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to collection of information requirements contained in rules enforced by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Display of OMB... Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION GENERAL DISPLAY OF CONTROL NUMBERS FOR COLLECTION OF...

  20. A Closer look on Ineffectiveness in Riau Mainland Expenditure: Local Government Budget Case

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yandra, Alexsander; Roserdevi Nasution, Sri; Harsini; Wardi, Jeni

    2018-05-01

    this study discussed about the issues on ineffectiveness of expenditure by one Indonesia local Government in Riau. This Provence were amounted Rp. 10.7 trillion through Local Government Budget (APBD) in 2015. According to data from Financial Management Board and Regions Assets (BPKAD) APBD Riau in 2015 stood at approximately 37.58% until October 2015,another data taken from the Ministry of Home Affairs, Riau regional budget, from January to December 2015, it shows the lowest in Indonesia which amounted to 59.6%. The percentage described the lacking implementation of the budget, this can be interpreted that Riau government is less optimal and irrelevant in spending the budget in 2015. Through a theoretical approach to government spending, the implementation of public policies showed the ineffectiveness of the budget that have implicated towards regional development. As regional budget is only the draft in achieving the targets. Budget management in 2015 by the provincial administration through the Local Government Unit (SKPD) shows unsynchronized between the Medium Term Development Plan with the work program from SKPD.

  1. 77 FR 26032 - Proposed Information Collection; Control and Management of Resident Canada Geese

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-05-02

    ...] Proposed Information Collection; Control and Management of Resident Canada Geese AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife... ask the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to approve the information collection (IC) described... information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. DATES: To ensure that we are able to...

  2. 75 FR 52005 - Notice of Public Information Collection(s) Approved by the Office of Management and Budget

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-24

    ... a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number, and no person... control number. Comments concerning the accuracy of the burden estimate(s) and any suggestions for... collection(s), contact Cathy Williams at (202) 418- 2918. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: OMB Control Number: 3060...

  3. 78 FR 17666 - Information Collection Being Reviewed by the Federal Communications Commission Under Delegated...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-22

    .... SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: OMB Control Number: 3060-0688. Title: Abbreviated Cost-of-Service Filing for Cable... information unless it displays a currently valid control number. No person shall be subject to any penalty for... of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. DATES: Written PRA comments should be submitted on or...

  4. 40 CFR 52.1876 - Control strategy: Nitrogen dioxide.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 4 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Control strategy: Nitrogen dioxide. 52...: Nitrogen dioxide. (a) The condition to EPA's approval of the oxides of nitrogen State Implementation Plan... change to the flow control date in the oxides of nitrogen budget trading SIP. (b) [Reserved] [69 FR 13234...

  5. 40 CFR 52.1876 - Control strategy: Nitrogen dioxide.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 4 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Control strategy: Nitrogen dioxide. 52...: Nitrogen dioxide. (a) The condition to EPA's approval of the oxides of nitrogen State Implementation Plan... change to the flow control date in the oxides of nitrogen budget trading SIP. (b) [Reserved] [69 FR 13234...

  6. 40 CFR 52.1876 - Control strategy: Nitrogen dioxide.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 4 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Control strategy: Nitrogen dioxide. 52...: Nitrogen dioxide. (a) The condition to EPA's approval of the oxides of nitrogen State Implementation Plan... change to the flow control date in the oxides of nitrogen budget trading SIP. (b) [Reserved] [69 FR 13234...

  7. 40 CFR 52.1876 - Control strategy: Nitrogen dioxide.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 4 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Control strategy: Nitrogen dioxide. 52...: Nitrogen dioxide. (a) The condition to EPA's approval of the oxides of nitrogen State Implementation Plan... change to the flow control date in the oxides of nitrogen budget trading SIP. (b) [Reserved] [69 FR 13234...

  8. 75 FR 8239 - School Food Safety Program Based on Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point Principles (HACCP...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-02-24

    ... 0584-AD65 School Food Safety Program Based on Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point Principles... Safety Program Based on Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point Principles (HACCP) was published on... of Management and Budget (OMB) cleared the associated information collection requirements (ICR) on...

  9. 76 FR 53680 - Information Collection Being Reviewed by the Federal Communications Commission Under Delegated...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-29

    .... SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: OMB Control Number: 3060-0506. Title: Application for FM Broadcast Station License... collection of information unless it displays a currently valid control number. No person shall be subject to... display a valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. DATES: Written PRA comments should...

  10. Use of SAR in Regional Methane Exchange Studies

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Morrissey, L. A.; Livingston, G. P.; Durden, S. L.

    1994-01-01

    Significant sources of uncertainty in global trace gas budgets are due to lack of knowledge concerning the areal and temporal extent of source and sink areas. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is particularly suited to studies of northern ecosystems because of its all-weather operating capability which enables the acquisition of seasonal data. As key controls on methane exchange, the ability to differentiate major vegetation communities, inundation, and leaf area index (LAI) with satellite and airborne SAR data would increase the accuracy and precision of regional and seasonal estimates of methane exchange. The utility of SAR data for monitoring key controls on methane emissions from Arctic and boreal ecosystems is examined.

  11. Budget impact of rare diseases: proposal for a theoretical framework based on evidence from Bulgaria.

    PubMed

    Iskrov, G; Jessop, E; Miteva-Katrandzhieva, T; Stefanov, R

    2015-05-01

    This study aimed to estimate the impact of rare disease (RD) drugs on Bulgaria's National Health Insurance Fund's (NHIF) total drug budget for 2011-2014. While standard budget impact analysis is usually used in a prospective way, assessing the impact of new health technologies on the health system's sustainability, we adopted a retrospective approach instead. Budget impact was quantified from a NHIF perspective. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse cost details, while dynamics was studied, using chain-linked growth rates (every period preceding the accounting period serves as a base). NHIF costs for RD therapies were expected to increase up to 74.5 million BGN in 2014 (7.8% of NHIF's total pharmaceutical expenditure). Greatest increase in cost per patient and number of patients treated was observed in conditions, for which there were newly approved for funding therapies. While simple cost drivers are well known - number of patients treated and mean cost per patient - in real-world settings these two factors are likely to depend on the availability and accessibility of effective innovative therapies. As RD were historically underdiagnosed, undertreated and underfunded in Bulgaria, improved access to RD drugs will inevitably lead to increasing budget burden for payers. Based on the evidence from this study, we propose a theoretical framework of a budget impact study for RD. First, a retrospective analysis could provide essential health policy insights in terms of impact on accessibility and population health, which are significant benchmarks in shaping funding decisions in healthcare. We suggest an interaction between the classical prospective BIA with the retrospective analysis in order to optimise health policy decision-making. Second, we recommend budget impact studies to focus on RD rather than orphan drugs (OD). In policy context, RD are the public health priority. OD are just one of the tools to address the complex issues of RD. Moreover, OD is a dynamic characteristic and compromises the consistency and comparability of the calculated budget indicators.

  12. Patterned wafer geometry grouping for improved overlay control

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lee, Honggoo; Han, Sangjun; Woo, Jaeson; Park, Junbeom; Song, Changrock; Anis, Fatima; Vukkadala, Pradeep; Jeon, Sanghuck; Choi, DongSub; Huang, Kevin; Heo, Hoyoung; Smith, Mark D.; Robinson, John C.

    2017-03-01

    Process-induced overlay errors from outside the litho cell have become a significant contributor to the overlay error budget including non-uniform wafer stress. Previous studies have shown the correlation between process-induced stress and overlay and the opportunity for improvement in process control, including the use of patterned wafer geometry (PWG) metrology to reduce stress-induced overlay signatures. Key challenges of volume semiconductor manufacturing are how to improve not only the magnitude of these signatures, but also the wafer to wafer variability. This work involves a novel technique of using PWG metrology to provide improved litho-control by wafer-level grouping based on incoming process induced overlay, relevant for both 3D NAND and DRAM. Examples shown in this study are from 19 nm DRAM manufacturing.

  13. New Casemix Classification as an Alternative Method for Budget Allocation in Thai Oral Healthcare Service: A Pilot Study

    PubMed Central

    Wisaijohn, Thunthita; Pimkhaokham, Atiphan; Lapying, Phenkhae; Itthichaisri, Chumpot; Pannarunothai, Supasit; Igarashi, Isao; Kawabuchi, Koichi

    2010-01-01

    This study aimed to develop a new casemix classification system as an alternative method for the budget allocation of oral healthcare service (OHCS). Initially, the International Statistical of Diseases and Related Health Problem, 10th revision, Thai Modification (ICD-10-TM) related to OHCS was used for developing the software “Grouper”. This model was designed to allow the translation of dental procedures into eight-digit codes. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the factors used for developing the model and the resource consumption. Furthermore, the coefficient of variance, reduction in variance, and relative weight (RW) were applied to test the validity. The results demonstrated that 1,624 OHCS classifications, according to the diagnoses and the procedures performed, showed high homogeneity within groups and heterogeneity between groups. Moreover, the RW of the OHCS could be used to predict and control the production costs. In conclusion, this new OHCS casemix classification has a potential use in a global decision making. PMID:20936134

  14. New casemix classification as an alternative method for budget allocation in thai oral healthcare service: a pilot study.

    PubMed

    Wisaijohn, Thunthita; Pimkhaokham, Atiphan; Lapying, Phenkhae; Itthichaisri, Chumpot; Pannarunothai, Supasit; Igarashi, Isao; Kawabuchi, Koichi

    2010-01-01

    This study aimed to develop a new casemix classification system as an alternative method for the budget allocation of oral healthcare service (OHCS). Initially, the International Statistical of Diseases and Related Health Problem, 10th revision, Thai Modification (ICD-10-TM) related to OHCS was used for developing the software "Grouper". This model was designed to allow the translation of dental procedures into eight-digit codes. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the factors used for developing the model and the resource consumption. Furthermore, the coefficient of variance, reduction in variance, and relative weight (RW) were applied to test the validity. The results demonstrated that 1,624 OHCS classifications, according to the diagnoses and the procedures performed, showed high homogeneity within groups and heterogeneity between groups. Moreover, the RW of the OHCS could be used to predict and control the production costs. In conclusion, this new OHCS casemix classification has a potential use in a global decision making.

  15. The Effects of Budget, Delegation, and Other Variables on the Future of School Nursing

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Tetuan, Theresa M.; Akagi, Cynthia G.

    2004-01-01

    The purpose of this exploratory research study was to survey Kansas school nurses to determine the impact of budget, delegation, and other variables on the future of school nursing. Issues of education and certification status, educational budget, delegation, school nurse-to-student ratio, number of school buildings assigned, Metropolitan…

  16. Churn in the Aircraft Spares Requirements Process.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1988-04-01

    This paper examined the affect of churn on the budget requirement in terms of dollars. The study concludes that the budget process is good and that the...develop the budge5t and the buy requirements is one cf the most %% *,,1--" si gnificant reaons for the discrepancy between the items budgeted for and tho

  17. A Product Evaluation of the Selective Abandonment Process for School Budgeting

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Loofe, Christopher M.

    2016-01-01

    The purpose of this study is to evaluate the degree to which the Selective Abandonment budget process objectives were achieved by analyzing stakeholder perceptions. Use of this evaluation may enable the district to become more effective, efficient, and more fiscally responsible when developing future program budgeting plans. Program evaluation was…

  18. Drug Policy in the Czech Republic.

    PubMed

    Skoupá, Jana

    2017-09-01

    The legal background of the current pharmaceutical pricing and reimbursement (P&R) setting in the Czech Republic is based on Act 48/1997. Since 2008, the P&R process has been coordinated by the State Institute for Drug Control, which is the main stakeholder in the decision-making process; marketing authorization holders and insurance funds (IFs) also participate. To present a general overview of the current Czech health care system and its P&R principles. The study used publicly available sources concerning health care, mainly acts related to public health care and public health care insurance, public notices related to P&R setting, and statistical data. Regulation covers P&R. The official price represents the highest exfactory price, which cannot be exceeded. It is calculated as the mean of the three lowest prices in the European Union reference basket. Reimbursement is based on the lowest price per daily dose across the whole European Union. For reimbursement, products can be clustered into jumbo groups (mutually interchangeable), stated by law. In each group, reimbursement is set at the lowest price of any substance within the group. For highly innovative drugs a temporary reimbursement can be granted for a period of 3 years. During the administrative proceeding, efficacy, safety, cost-effectiveness, and budget impact are assessed. The cost-effectiveness principles are aligned with the guidelines of the National Institute for Health and Clinical Care Excellence, preferring cost-utility analyses. The willingness-to-pay threshold has been implicitly set at 3 times the gross domestic product per capita. Products exceeding this threshold are subject to further risk-sharing negotiations. Budget impact is becoming increasingly important mainly for IFs. The IFs have recently introduced their own methodology, which allows only products with a budget impact in the range of CZK16 to CZK48 million (CZK = Czech koruna; ∼€600,000 to €1.8 million) to enter the system. Products exceeding this budget impact have to negotiate risk-sharing schemes, mainly further discounts and/or budget caps. The Czech pricing and reimbursement system is rather complex, taking into account clinical evidence, cost-effectiveness and budget impact. The strict regulations are a result of financial scarcity. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  19. Schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis control in Cameroon and Côte d'Ivoire: implementing control on a limited budget.

    PubMed

    Tchuenté, L A Tchuem; N'goran, E K

    2009-11-01

    Schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis occur throughout the developing world and remain a major public health problem in the poorest communities with enormous consequences for development. The extent of the problem has long been neglected because these diseases rarely kill at a young age and also because of their insidious nature. Today there exists a momentum and an unprecedented opportunity for a cost-effective control of these neglected tropical diseases. The control of these diseases has become a priority on the agenda of many governments, donors and international agencies. This paper highlights the progress made and future control activities in Cameroon and Côte d'Ivoire, where schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis control measures have been implemented over the past decade with limited budgets. In Cameroon, deworming activities were increased to encompass all ten regions in 2007 as a result of a co-ordinated effort of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education with national and international partners. In Côte d'Ivoire, focal control activities were achieved with support from various partners. Prospects, opportunities and challenges for the control of neglected tropical diseases in these two countries are discussed.

  20. 9 CFR 381.311 - Recall procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND... review. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0583-0015) ...

  1. 9 CFR 381.311 - Recall procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND... review. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0583-0015) ...

  2. 9 CFR 381.311 - Recall procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND... review. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0583-0015) ...

  3. 9 CFR 381.311 - Recall procedure.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND... review. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0583-0015) ...

  4. Cost-effectiveness of the Federal stream-gaging program in Virginia

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Carpenter, D.H.

    1985-01-01

    Data uses and funding sources were identified for the 77 continuous stream gages currently being operated in Virginia by the U.S. Geological Survey with a budget of $446,000. Two stream gages were identified as not being used sufficiently to warrant continuing their operation. Operation of these stations should be considered for discontinuation. Data collected at two other stations were identified as having uses primarily related to short-term studies; these stations should also be considered for discontinuation at the end of the data collection phases of the studies. The remaining 73 stations should be kept in the program for the foreseeable future. The current policy for operation of the 77-station program requires a budget of $446,000/yr. The average standard error of estimation of streamflow records is 10.1%. It was shown that this overall level of accuracy at the 77 sites could be maintained with a budget of $430,500 if resources were redistributed among the gages. A minimum budget of $428,500 is required to operate the 77-gage program; a smaller budget would not permit proper service and maintenance of the gages and recorders. At the minimum budget, with optimized operation, the average standard error would be 10.4%. The maximum budget analyzed was $650,000, which resulted in an average standard error of 5.5%. The study indicates that a major component of error is caused by lost or missing data. If perfect equipment were available, the standard error for the current program and budget could be reduced to 7.6%. This also can be interpreted to mean that the streamflow data have a standard error of this magnitude during times when the equipment is operating properly. (Author 's abstract)

  5. Strategic location of satellite salt storage for roadway snow and ice control in Vermont.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2015-01-01

    Roadway snow and ice control operations can account for as much as 10% of VTrans annual budget. Important : considerations for planning RSIC operations are the locations and quantities of surface-treatment materials like : salt. In this paper, the us...

  6. MENU OF NOX EMISSION CONTROL OPTIONS FOR COAL-FIRED ELECTRIC UTILITY BOILERS

    EPA Science Inventory

    The paper reviews NOx control options for coal-fired electric utility boilers. (NOTE: Acid Rain NOx regulations, the Ozone Transport Commission's NOx Budget Program, revision of the New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) for NOx emissions from utility sources, and Ozone Transpor...

  7. 7 CFR 1219.109 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false OMB control number. 1219.109 Section 1219.109 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... the information collection requirement in this subpart by the Office of Management and Budget pursuant...

  8. 7 CFR 1206.108 - OMB control number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false OMB control number. 1206.108 Section 1206.108 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... information collection requirement in this subpart by the Office of Management and Budget pursuant to the...

  9. 7 CFR 1215.400 - OMB control numbers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false OMB control numbers. 1215.400 Section 1215.400 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... assigned to the information collection requirements by the Office of Management and Budget pursuant to the...

  10. 75 FR 65292 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-22

    ... Officer for Agriculture, Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget... number. Food and Nutrition Service Title: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Regulations, Part 275--Quality Control OMB Control Number: 0584-0303 Summary of Collection: Section 16 of the Food and Nutrition...

  11. 7 CFR 210.31 - OMB control numbers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS NATIONAL SCHOOL LUNCH PROGRAM Additional Provisions § 210.31 OMB control... CFR part 210 by the Office of Management and Budget pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980...

  12. 7 CFR 210.31 - OMB control numbers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS NATIONAL SCHOOL LUNCH PROGRAM Additional Provisions § 210.31 OMB control... CFR part 210 by the Office of Management and Budget pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980...

  13. 7 CFR 210.31 - OMB control numbers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS NATIONAL SCHOOL LUNCH PROGRAM Additional Provisions § 210.31 OMB control... CFR part 210 by the Office of Management and Budget pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980...

  14. 7 CFR 210.31 - OMB control numbers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS NATIONAL SCHOOL LUNCH PROGRAM Additional Provisions § 210.31 OMB control... CFR part 210 by the Office of Management and Budget pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980...

  15. 77 FR 54555 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-05

    ..., Office of Management and Budget (OMB), [email protected] or fax (202) 395-5806 and to... it displays a currently valid OMB control number. Food and Nutrition Service Title: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program--Supplemental Nutrition Assistance for Victims of Disasters. OMB Control Number...

  16. 7 CFR 210.31 - OMB control numbers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS NATIONAL SCHOOL LUNCH PROGRAM Additional Provisions § 210.31 OMB control... CFR part 210 by the Office of Management and Budget pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980...

  17. The Efficiency and Budgeting of Public Hospitals: Case Study of Iran

    PubMed Central

    Yusefzadeh, Hasan; Ghaderi, Hossein; Bagherzade, Rafat; Barouni, Mohsen

    2013-01-01

    Background Hospitals are the most costly and important components of any health care system, so it is important to know their economic values, pay attention to their efficiency and consider factors affecting them. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the technical scale and economic efficiency of hospitals in the West Azerbaijan province of Iran, for which Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to propose a model for operational budgeting. Materials and Methods This study was a descriptive-analysis that was conducted in 2009 and had three inputs and two outputs. Deap2, 1 software was used for data analysis. Slack and radial movements and surplus of inputs were calculated for selected hospitals. Finally, a model was proposed for performance-based budgeting of hospitals and health sectors using the DEA technique. Results The average scores of technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency (managerial efficiency) and scale efficiency of hospitals were 0.584, 0.782 and 0.771, respectively. In other words the capacity of efficiency promotion in hospitals without any increase in costs and with the same amount of inputs was about 41.5%. Only four hospitals among all hospitals had the maximum level of technical efficiency. Moreover, surplus production factors were evident in these hospitals. Conclusions Reduction of surplus production factors through comprehensive planning based on the results of the Data Envelopment Analysis can play a major role in cost reduction of hospitals and health sectors. In hospitals with a technical efficiency score of less than one, the original and projected values of inputs were different; resulting in a surplus. Hence, these hospitals should reduce their values of inputs to achieve maximum efficiency and optimal performance. The results of this method was applied to hospitals a benchmark for making decisions about resource allocation; linking budgets to performance results; and controlling and improving hospitals performance. PMID:24349726

  18. Methods of Costing in Universities. Brief Comparison Between the NCHEMS Approach and the Approach Used by the French-Speaking Research Group Associated with the IMHE Programme.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cossu, Claude

    1975-01-01

    A group of French universities modified the NCHEMS accounting method for use in a study of its budget control procedures and cost-evaluation methods. The conceptual differences in French university education (as compared to American higher education) are keyed to the adjustments in the accounting method. French universities, rather than being…

  19. Role of Personality in Behavioral Responses to New Environments in Captive Asiatic Lions (Panthera leo persica)

    PubMed Central

    Quintavalle Pastorino, Giovanni; Viau, Anna; Curone, Giulio; Pearce-Kelly, Paul; Faustini, Massimo; Vigo, Daniele; Preziosi, Richard

    2017-01-01

    Studying personality in captive animals may enable the development of individual-based management decisions, which may improve animal welfare. Asiatic lions at London Zoo represent an opportunity to research an understudied species' response to new environments since they have experienced social and physical changes, such as new enclosures and increased social interaction with humans. This project aimed to investigate the role of personality in behavioral responses to these changes. Lion personality questionnaires completed by keepers and direct focal animal observations were used to create personality profiles. Time budgets and enclosure use were determined and compared between control nights and event nights and between the lions' previous enclosure and their new one. The results showed a lack of difference in time budget and enclosure use between control and social event nights, and the spread of participation index values revealed that the lions use their enclosures unevenly. Personality profiles identified various traits that could assist with individual-based management decisions. As the first study to assess Asiatic lions personality, this research contributes to the creation of consistent and valid methodology for evaluating captive animal personality that may improve husbandry and welfare protocols for individual lions, leading to the improved health and success of the species. PMID:28638674

  20. Pilot study of a budget-tailored culinary nutrition education program for undergraduate food science students

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kerrison, Dorothy Adair

    The primary objective of this pilot study is to provide evidence that a budget-tailored culinary nutrition program is both appropriate and applicable to undergraduate food science students both in everyday life as well as their future health careers. Two validated programs were combined into one program in order to evaluate their combined effects: Cooking With a Chef and Cooking Matters at the Store. The secondary objective of this pilot study is to evaluate the components and reliability of a questionnaire created specifically for this pilot study. A review of past literature was written, which included culinary nutrition as a source of primary prevention, the importance of incorporating cost with culinary nutrition, and the importance of incorporating cost with culinary nutrition. Based on the literature review, it was determined that a budget-tailored culinary nutrition program was appropriate and applicable to undergraduate food science students interested in pursuing health-related careers. The pilot study design was a semi-crossover study: all four groups received the program, however, two groups were first treated as the control groups. All fifty-four participants received 5 sessions of culinary nutrition information from Cooking With a Chef, collaboratively delivered by a nutrition educator and a chef, and one session of information about shopping healthy on a budget from Cooking Matters at the Store in the form of a grocery store tour led by the nutrition educator. Three questionnaires were administered to the participants that evaluated culinary nutrition and price knowledge, cooking attitudes, and opinions of the programs' relevance to participants' everyday lives and careers. Two of the questionnaires, including a questionnaire developed specifically for the pilot study, were delivered as a pre- and post-test while the third questionnaire was delivered as a post-test. Eight random participants also partook in a focus group session led by the nutrition educator. Based on statistical results, there were significant differences between the treatment group and control group in Cooking Self-Efficacy (p=0.0024), Self-Efficacy for Using Basic Cooking Techniques (p=<0.0001), Self-Efficacy for Using Fruits, Vegetables, and Seasonings (p=<0.0001), and the ability to use economical methods to purchase low-cost produce and identify different forms of produce (p=<0.0001). For the one-time post-program administered questionnaire, the participants received an average score of 89.44 percent. The reliability procedure performed on the pilot study questionnaire showed that 13 of the 15 items were statistically reliable (p<0.05). The factor analysis procedure performed showed that there were five factors within the pilot study questionnaire. Participant responses from the focus group included how the program was a positive change from other mandatory courses, reaffirmed or increased interest in their major(s) and applied both to their everyday life and future career. This pilot study demonstrates preliminary results of the effects of combining culinary nutrition information with budget and price concepts to deliver to undergraduate food science students. The significance of understanding both culinary nutrition and price is important in order to effectively deliver nutrition counseling to patients of all different demographics. Additional testing and modification could be performed on the curriculum as well as the pilot study questionnaire in order to effectively relate the instrument to the program and increase the instrument's reliability.

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